MEETING 

 STATE OF CALIFORNIA 

 AIR RESOURCES BOARD 

 LOS ANGELES AIRPORT MARRIOTT HOTEL 

 SUITES A, B, AND C 

 5855 WEST CENTURY BOULEVARD 

 LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 

 FRIDAY, JUNE 22, 2007 

 9:00 A.M. 

 TIFFANY C. KRAFT, CSR, RPR 

 CERTIFIED SHORTHAND REPORTER 

 LICENSE NUMBER 12277 

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 APPEARANCES 

 BOARD MEMBERS 

 Dr. Robert Sawyer, Chairperson 

 Ms. Sandra Berg 

 Ms. Judith Case 

 Ms. Dorene D'Adamo 

 Supervisor Jerry Hill 

 Ms. Lydia Kennard 

 Mrs. Barbara Riordan 

 Dr. Daniel Sperling 

 STAFF 

 Mr. Tom Cackette, Chief Deputy Executive Officer 

 Mr. Tom Jennings, Chief Counsel 

 Mr. Michael Scheible, Deputy Executive Officer 

 Ms. Lynn Terry, Deputy Executive Officer 

 Ms. Kathleen Quetin, Ombudsman 

 Ms. Catherine Witherspoon, Executive Officer 

 Ms. Lori Andreoni, Board Secretary 

 Mr. Bob Jenne, Senior Staff Counsel 

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 APPEARANCES CONTINUED 

 ALSO PRESENT 

 Council Member Joe Aguilar, City of Commerce 

 Mr. Harry Baldwin, City of San Gabriel 

 Ms. Barbara Baird, SCAQMD 

 Ms. Marisol Barajas, Long Beach Alliance for Children with 

 Asthma 

 Dr. William Burke, Chairman, SCAQMD 

 Mayor Michael Cacciotti, City of South Pasadena 

 Mr. Todd Campbell, Clean Energy 

 Mr. Frank Caponi, Los Angeles County Sanitation District 

 Mr. Tim Carmichael, Coalition for Clean Air 

 Ms. Jane Carney, SCAQMD 

 Ms. Elaine Chang, SCAQMD 

 Senator Gil Cedillo 

 Mr. Mike Eaves, California Natural Gas Vehicle Coalition 

 Mr. David Ford, Representing Assembly Member Ted Lieu 

 Mr. Douglas Fratz, CSPA 

 Mr. Warren Furutani, President Board, LA Community College 

 District 

 Lt. Governor John Garamendi, Office of the Governor 

 Mr. Paul Goslind, Chief Deputy Director, Department of 

 Pesticide Regulation 

 Mr. Sam Hall, Representing Senator Alan Lowenthal 

 Mr. Kiran Hashi, Representative for Council Member Jan 

 Perry, SCAQMD Board 

 Mr. Henry Hogo, SCAQMD 
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 APPEARANCES CONTINUED 

 ALSO PRESENT 

 Mr. Philip Huang, Communities for a Better Environment 

 Mary Justice 

 Mr. Rex Laird, Farm Bureau 

 Mr. Allan Lind, California Council for Environmental and 

 Economic Balance 

 Mr. Roye Love, City of Carson Environmental Commission 

 Mr. Joseph Lucero 

 Council Member Louie Lujan, City of La Puente 

 Mr. Phong Ly, Representative for Assembly Member Mike Eng 

 Mr. Bobby MacDonald, Black Chamber of Orange County 

 Mayor Nury Martinez, City of San Francisco 

 Council Member Barbara Messina 

 Mr. Rick McVaigh, SJV APCD 

 Mr. Robert Pullen Miles, Representing Jenny Oropaza 

 Mr. Matt Miyasato, SCAQMD 

 Ms. Rebecca Overmyer Velazquez, Northwhittier Neighborhood 

 Watch Avocado Heights Coalition 

 Supervisor Gary Ovitt, SCAG 

 Ms. Monica Parrilla, LBACA/CPA 

 Mr. Romel Pascual, Representing Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa 

 Mr. Mark Pisano, SCAG 

 Mayor Miguel Pulido, SC AQMD Board 

 Ms. Cynthia Romo, Long Beach Alliance for Children with 

 Asthma 

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 APPEARANCES CONTINUED 

 ALSO PRESENT 

 Ms. Tonia Reyes Uranga, SCAQMD Long Beach 

 Mr. Jim Stewart, Sierra Club 

 Ms. Robina Suwol, CA Safe Schools 

 Mr. Sid Tyler, City of Pasadena 

 Mr. Rick Tomlinson, Strawberry Commission 

 Mr. Eric Walts, Department of Pesticide Regulations 

 Mr. Paul Wuebben, SCAQMD 

 Mr. Peter Yao, City of Claremont 

 Mr. Dennis Yates, SCAQMD 

 Mr. Joseph Yost, Consumer Specialty Products Association 

 Ms. Jennifer Zivkovic, Representing Assembly Memger Betty 

 Karnette 

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 INDEX 

 PAGE 

 Item 7-6-3 

 Chairperson Sawyer 3 

 Executive Officer Witherspoon 4 

 Staff Presentation 5 

 Q&A 58 

 Lt. Governor Garamendi 77 

 Mayor Pulido 83 

 Senator Cedillo 85 

 Mr. Hashmi 89 

 Dr. Burke 91 

 Supervisor Ovitt 92 

 Mr. Pisano 95 

 Mr. Yates 98 

 Councilmember Aguilar 100 

 Councilmember Messina 101 

 Mayor Cacciotti 103 

 Ms. Uranga 106 

 Ms. Justice 109 

 Ms. Carney 111 

 Mr. Ly 114 

 Mr. Furutani 116 

 Mr. Hall 119 

 Ms. Zivkovic 121 

 Mr. MacDonald 123 

 Mr. Love 124 

 Mr. Baldwin 126 

 Mr. Lujan 127 

 Mr. Miyasato 130 

 Mr. Miles 136 

 Mr. Ford 134 

 Mr. Pascual 134 

 Mayor Yao 136 

 Ms. Chang 138 

 Mr. Hogo 141 

 Mr. Stewart 154 

 Mr. Wuebben 156 

 Mr. McVaigh 162 

 Ms. Jensvold 165 

 Ms. Jun 167 

 Mr. Caponi 168 

 Mr. Lind 170 

 Mr. Eaves 173 

 Mr. Walts 174 

 Mr. Laird 176 

 Mayor Martinez 178 

 Mr. Tomlinson 180 

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 INDEX CONTINUED 

 PAGE 

 Ms. Overmyer-Velazquez 180 

 Mr. Yost 182 

 Mr. Fratz 185 

 Ms. Baird 187 

 Mr. Carmichael 189 

 Mr. Campbell 196 

 Ms. Suwol 199 

 Mr. Huang 200 

 Mr. Beeson 203 

 Mr. Lange 204 

 Ms. Lifson 205 

 Ms. Cevda 207 

 Rev. Lilly 209 

 Ms. Bates 211 

 Mr. Roberts 213 

 Mr. Leon 215 

 Ms. Saklar 219 

 Mr. Schuiling 221 

 Ms. Nicholas 224 

 Ms. Etem 226 

 Ms. Bolanos 228 

 Ms. Collahan 230 

 Mr. Dietrich 232 

 Mr. Cabrales 240 

 Mr. Goslind 244 

 Ms. Waita 247 

 Ms. Chandiok 250 

 Mr. Miltenberg 252 

 Ms. Martinez 258 

 Ms. Huddleston 261 

 Mr. Magavern 262 

 Mr. LaMarr 265 

 Ms. Affonso 267 

 Rev. Smart 269 

 Mr. Nabavi 271 

 Ms. Barnett 273 

 Mr. Sybert 275 

 Mr. Keener 279 

 Ms. Bautista 281 

 Ms. Fong 284 

 Mr. Wallerstein 287 

 Q&A 290 

 MOtion 306 

 Vote 306 

 Adjournment 308 

 Reporter's Certificate 309 

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 1 PROCEEDINGS 

 2 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Good morning. The June 

 3 22nd, 2007, Public Meeting of the Air Resources Board will 

 4 come to order. 

 5 Please join in the Pledge of Allegiance. 

 6 (Thereupon the Pledge of Allegiance was 

 7 recited in unison.) 

 8 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you very much. 

 9 Will the Clerk of the Board please call the roll. 

10 SECRETARY ANDREONI: Ms. Berg? 

11 Supervisor Case? 

12 BOARD MEMBER Case: Here. 

13 SECRETARY ANDREONI: Ms. D'Adamo? 

14 BOARD MEMBER D'ADAMO: Here. 

15 SECRETARY ANDREONI: Dr. Gong? 

16 Supervisor Hill? 

17 SUPERVISOR HILL: Here. 

18 SECRETARY ANDREONI: Ms. Kennard? 

19 BOARD MEMBER KENNARD: Here. 

20 SECRETARY ANDREONI: Mrs. Riordan? 

21 BOARD MEMBER RIORDAN: Here. 

22 SECRETARY ANDREONI: Professor Sperling? 

23 BOARD MEMBER SPERLING: Here. 

24 SECRETARY ANDREONI: Chairman Sawyer? 

25 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Here. 

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 1 SECRETARY ANDREONI: Mr. Chairman, we have a 

 2 quorum. 

 3 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you very much. 

 4 Anyone who wishes to testify should sign up with 

 5 Board staff at the tables outside the boardroom, and has 

 6 the option to include his or her name on the speaker card. 

 7 Please see Board staff for further instructions. 

 8 Translation services are available in Spanish for 

 9 those who need it. The headsets are available in the back 

10 of the hearing room on your right. And if the translator 

11 could repeat that announcement. Thank you. 

12 THE TRANSLATOR: Yes. Good morning. 

13 (Thereupon the announcement was translated into 

14 Spanish.) 

15 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: And we will be repeating the 

16 translation announcement a little bit later after more 

17 people have arrived. 

18 Also, speakers, please be aware that the Board 

19 will impose a three-minute time limit. Please put your 

20 testimony into your own words. It's easier for the Board 

21 to follow if you go straight to your main points. You do 

22 not need to read your written testimony since it will be 

23 entered into the record. 

24 I must comment that the speakers were wonderful 

25 yesterday. And the instructions are, when the red light 

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 1 comes on, that's a signal to say, "In conclusion..." And 

 2 people really went along with that, and I was delighted. 

 3 For safety reasons, please note the emergency 

 4 exists to the left of the hearing room and to the rear. 

 5 In the event of a fire alarm, we must evacuate this room 

 6 immediately. When the "all clear" signal is given, we 

 7 will return to the hearing room and resume the hearing. 

 8 Today we have a single agenda item, 7-7-7, 

 9 consideration of the Proposed State Strategy for 

10 California State Implementation Plan. 

11 The 2007 Implementation Plan, or SIP, is the 

12 first plan designed to show how California will meet the 

13 new federal eight-hour ozone standard, which is about 30 

14 percent more stringent than the one-hour standard it 

15 replaces. 

16 The proposed State Strategy also provides 

17 emission reductions needed for PM2.5 attainment by 2014 in 

18 the South Coast and which are expected to be necessary for 

19 the San Joaquin Valley as well. The challenge of meeting 

20 federal clean air standards in the South Coast will 

21 require all of us working together to facilitate the 

22 process. 

23 I and other Board members have met with members 

24 of the South Coast Air District and Southern California 

25 Association of Governments to find workable solutions and 

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 1 have agreed to put more actions on the table. Based on 

 2 the cooperative spirit that we have witnessed so far, I am 

 3 optimistic that we can arrive at a plan that will deliver 

 4 clean air to the South Coast Air Basin. 

 5 Ms. Witherspoon, please introduce this item. 

 6 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: Thank you, Dr. 

 7 Sawyer. And good morning, members of the Board. 

 8 The proposed State Strategy that staff is 

 9 presenting today is far reaching in its breadth of 

10 measures and quantity of emission reductions. Staff is 

11 confident that we've identified all the controls necessary 

12 for attainment of the fine particle standard in 2014 and 

13 most of the reductions needed for the more ambitious ozone 

14 attainment with some left over in the innovative 

15 technology category. 

16 The proposed strategy does not just rely on new 

17 engine standards. We go where the emissions are right 

18 now, which is the existing legacy fleet of older diesel 

19 vehicles and equipment. Those are the main target of the 

20 proposed State Strategy's measures. 

21 The strategy tackles all the major sources of 

22 pollution including rules we are already working on like 

23 the construction rule you heard last month and will 

24 consider again in July for final action and the on-road 

25 truck rule which staff has already begun conducting 

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 1 workshops on. 

 2 Last week, the Board considered an 

 3 ozone-attainment plan in the San Joaquin Valley and 

 4 responded by promising to work with the Valley Air 

 5 District and all stakeholders to reach cleaner goals 

 6 sooner than the extended target. The State Strategy 

 7 you're hearing today complements the local district 

 8 measures and enables us to submit the ozone plan to U.S. 

 9 EPA for their review and approval. 

10 Today we initially planned to hear the South 

11 Coast Air District and SCAG's plan for ozone and fine 

12 particles. But due to not-yet-finished local action 

13 regarding the plan, we've rescheduled its consideration to 

14 the first available meeting slot in September or October. 

15 Nevertheless, the needs of the South Coast Air Basin will 

16 be center stage as the Board considers the State Strategy 

17 here in Los Angeles. 

18 With that introduction, I'll ask Kurt Karperos, 

19 Chief of the Air Quality and Transportation Planning 

20 Branch, to present the proposed State Strategy. 

21 (Thereupon an overhead presentation was 

22 presented as follows.) 

23 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

24 CHIEF KARPEROS: Thank you, Ms. Witherspoon. Good 

25 morning, Dr. Sawyer And members of the Board. 

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 1 It is my pleasure today to present for your 

 2 consideration the proposed State Strategy for the 2007 

 3 California State Implementation Plan. The proposed State 

 4 Strategy is the key emission reduction ingredient needed 

 5 for California to meet federal air quality standards. 

 6 Let me first introduce the technical staff at the 

 7 table today. 

 8 Immediately to my right is Robbie Romeligam. He 

 9 oversees SIP development in northern California. 

10 Next to him is Sylvia Oey. She oversees SIP 

11 development for southern California. 

12 To my left is John Taylor. He managers the 

13 identification, analysis, and quantification of the 

14 emission reductions measures that are in the proposal 

15 before you today. 

16 Past him is Linda Murchison, Chief of the 

17 Planning and Technical Support Division. 

18 Next to her is Karen Magliano. She is Chief of 

19 the Air Quality Data Branch, data central -- information 

20 central to what we'll be talking about today. 

21 And then just next to her is John DeMassa, Chief 

22 of the Modeling Meteorology Branch and Planning Technical 

23 Support Division. 

24 --o0o-- 

25 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

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 1 CHIEF KARPEROS: So with that -- ah, yes, the most 

 2 important person just arrived. Jeff Weir, at the end of 

 3 the table, has been the lead staff person on the 

 4 development of the SIP. 

 5 --o0o-- 

 6 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 7 CHIEF KARPEROS: The California State Implementation Plan, 

 8 or SIP, defines what needs to be done to bring California 

 9 into compliance with federal air quality standards. 

10 The State Strategy for the SIP consists of 

11 measures that reduce emissions from sources under state 

12 and federal control. Local measures are combined with the 

13 State Strategy before California's SIP is submitted to 

14 U.S. EPA for approval. ARB's State Strategy includes both 

15 adopted control measures and proposed new measures 

16 necessary to meet the federal standards. 

17 The proposed State Strategy provides 90 percent 

18 of the total reductions in the 2007 SIP, primarily from 

19 mobile sources. 

20 ARB's mobile source measures are key to reducing 

21 both ozone and PM2.5 pollution levels. We'll show you 

22 later in the presentation just how important the proposed 

23 new ARB actions are. 

24 --o0o-- 

25 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

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 1 CHIEF KARPEROS: The proposed State Strategy is 

 2 comprehensive, innovative, and aggressive. 

 3 Comprehensive because it proposes to reduce 

 4 emissions from all major mobile sources of pollution, and 

 5 it focuses on the key contributor to PM2.5 and ozone 

 6 pollution, nitrogen oxides, or NOx. 

 7 Innovative because it proposes groundbreaking 

 8 measures that require cleanup of existing fleets of 

 9 vehicles and equipment as new technologies become 

10 available. We cannot simply wait for California's diesel 

11 engines to be retired at the current rate. The strategy 

12 also anticipates innovation and evolving technologies. 

13 It is aggressive because it moves swiftly to cut 

14 emissions. Most of the proposed measures are already in 

15 progress, and it would reduce NOx emissions at an 

16 unparalleled rate. 

17 --o0o-- 

18 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

19 CHIEF KARPEROS: The large chart prominently displayed 

20 today next to the speaker's podium shows that the proposed 

21 State Strategy is a continuance of ARB's history of 

22 setting increasingly more stringent standards over time. 

23 It shows key elements of our long, steady and unequaled 

24 progress in reducing air pollutant emissions. 

25 There is a reason for these two downward racing 

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 1 lines. 

 2 --o0o-- 

 3 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 4 CHIEF KARPEROS: The reason is ARB actions - year after 

 5 year after year. 

 6 Each of the bands across the chart show important 

 7 ARB pollution reduction initiatives. Within each band are 

 8 specific ARB actions. The diamonds next to each action 

 9 show the approximate date new ARB requirements have taken 

10 effect. 

11 First, across the top, our over 40-year history 

12 of ensuring that California's cars are the cleanest in the 

13 world. 

14 Below that, gasoline vapor recovery efforts to 

15 drastically cut ROG emissions. 

16 Next, a smog check program that help keep the 

17 cleanest cars in the world cleaner longer. The Bureau of 

18 Automotive Repair gets credit for implementation. ARB is 

19 central to ensuring a strong smog check program. 

20 Below that, diesel truck standards that have been 

21 steadily racheted down to the point that in 2010, new 

22 trucks will be 98 percent cleaner than when we started. 

23 Next, standards that have drastically reduced 

24 emissions from gasoline and diesel fuel and enabled new 

25 generations of cleaner vehicle technologies. 

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 1 Then off-road engines: Construction equipment, 

 2 cleaner; lawn mowers, cleaner; forklifts, cleaner; 

 3 recreational boats, cleaner; all-terrain vehicles, 

 4 cleaner. 

 5 Finally, the pink band. We've embarked on our 

 6 biggest challenge yet, the cleanup of the existing fleet. 

 7 You can see the fleet rules the Board has already adopted 

 8 and the major new rules proposed as part of the State 

 9 Strategy. 

10 The new measures proposed in the State Strategy 

11 are highlighted in red. They are why the NOx line 

12 continues to move steadily downward. You will hear me say 

13 several times this morning that the State Strategy will 

14 double the future NOx emission reduction rate. You can 

15 see that here on the large chart where the NOx line turns 

16 sharply downward in 2010. 

17 We didn't put everything we've done on the chart. 

18 But the combination of all the adopted measures and the 

19 proposed measures in the State Strategy equate to a 

20 reduction of 7,000 tons per day of mobile source emissions 

21 statewide from 1980. 

22 --o0o-- 

23 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

24 CHIEF KARPEROS: And the results of ARB actions? 

25 Improving air quality. 

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 1 --o0o-- 

 2 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 3 CHIEF KARPEROS: Here we'll start with smog levels in the 

 4 South Coast Air Basin in 1985: 

 5 Light green is good - areas that meet the 

 6 standards. Not much there. 

 7 Tan is close. 

 8 Light brown is getting worse. 

 9 Orange is close to double the standard. 

10 Dark brown is more than double the standard 

11 --o0o-- 

12 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

13 CHIEF KARPEROS: The South Coast Air Basin, ten years 

14 later, 1995. 

15 --o0o-- 

16 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

17 CHIEF KARPEROS: 2005. The worst levels are gone. Large 

18 portions of the coastal areas meet the standard. Inland 

19 area emission levels down 50 percent in the last 

20 ten years. Numbers of days over the standard down 70 

21 percent. Population exposure down 75 percent. 

22 --o0o-- 

23 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

24 CHIEF KARPEROS: Here's a look at the San Joaquin Valley. 

25 This slide starts with 1990. No dark brown, but there's 

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 1 too much light brown and some orange. 

 2 --o0o-- 

 3 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 4 CHIEF KARPEROS: Here's 1995. Getting better. 

 5 --o0o-- 

 6 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 7 CHIEF KARPEROS: And here's 2005. The number of days 

 8 above the standard down 60 percent and population exposure 

 9 down by 50 percent since 1990. 

10 Certainly more needs to be done in these two 

11 areas and throughout the state, and quickly. It all needs 

12 to be green. 

13 --o0o-- 

14 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

15 CHIEF KARPEROS: This is a synopsis of the ozone progress 

16 numbers I just mentioned. Since I've already gone over 

17 them, let's move on to PM2.5 progress. 

18 --o0o-- 

19 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

20 CHIEF KARPEROS: We haven't been measuring PM2.5 levels 

21 for very long. But the monitoring we've done this decade 

22 shows a steady decline in annual average levels. The 

23 improvement shows a strong correlation with NOx emission 

24 reductions. 

25 And the South Coast and San Joaquin Valley 

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 1 already meet the 24-hour PM2.5 standard. 

 2 --o0o-- 

 3 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 4 CHIEF KARPEROS: Here's how the South Coast is progressing 

 5 towards meeting the annual average PM2.5 standard. The 

 6 dotted red line is the standard at 15 micrograms per cubic 

 7 meter. 

 8 In 2001, the annual average was 30.1, double the 

 9 standard. Over the last five years, PM2.5 levels have 

10 dropped steadily, almost two-thirds of the way to the 

11 standard. And population exposure is down by two-thirds. 

12 Much lower NOx emissions get credit for much of 

13 the progress. 

14 --o0o-- 

15 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

16 CHIEF KARPEROS: We've seen the same kind of progress in 

17 the San Joaquin Valley. In 2001, more than 50 percent 

18 over the standard; in 2006, that's been cut in half; 

19 levels today are now less than 25 percent above the 

20 standard. 

21 --o0o-- 

22 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

23 CHIEF KARPEROS: Now I'll talk about SIP requirements. 

24 --o0o-- 

25 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

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 1 CHIEF KARPEROS: The eight-hour federal ozone standard is 

 2 0.08 parts per million. It is significantly more health 

 3 protective than U.S. EPA's previous one-hour standard. To 

 4 set attainment deadlines for the new standard, U.S. EPA 

 5 used the classification scheme in the Federal Clean Air 

 6 Act designed by Congress for the one-hour standard. The 

 7 results are nominal attainment deadlines, running from 

 8 2007 for areas just over the standard to 2024 for the most 

 9 polluted areas. 

10 A confusing idiosyncrasy of U.S. EPA's 

11 classification scheme is that states must meet the 

12 standard one year before the attainment deadline. So for 

13 all practical purposes the working attainment deadline is 

14 the year before the legal deadline. So an area classified 

15 as extreme with a 2024 legal deadline must meet the 

16 standard by 2023. The general convention is to use the 

17 one-year-before working deadline when talking about 

18 attainment dates. And that's what I'll do today. 

19 With the exception of the Bay Area, most 

20 California urban areas exceed the federal ozone standard 

21 to varying degrees. Rural areas downwind of our urban 

22 center do also. Some areas that currently violate the 

23 standard are expected to come into compliance shortly on 

24 the strength of existing controls. Others, notably the 

25 South Coast and the San Joaquin Valley, will need more 

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 1 time. 

 2 --o0o-- 

 3 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 4 CHIEF KARPEROS: This slide shows what the SIP needs to do 

 5 for ozone attainment in the South Coast based on the 

 6 district's selection of NOx and ROG targets. Even with 

 7 the progress that's been made, the emission reduction 

 8 needs starting from today's levels are large: An almost 

 9 90 percent NOx reduction and over 40 percent ROG reduction 

10 by 2023. These new targets reflect the increased 

11 stringency of the new federal standards. 

12 --o0o-- 

13 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

14 CHIEF KARPEROS: Here's the same information for the San 

15 Joaquin Valley. You saw these numbers last week in 

16 Fresno: A 75 percent NOx reduction and a 25 percent ROG 

17 reduction for ozone attainment. You can see a NOx 

18 weighted strategy here reflecting both ozone and PM2.5 

19 attainment needs both in San Joaquin and South Coast. 

20 --o0o-- 

21 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

22 CHIEF KARPEROS: The federal PM2.5 annual average standard 

23 is 15 micrograms per cubic meter. The working attainment 

24 deadline is 2014, one year ahead of the legal deadline, 

25 the same as with ozone. 

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 1 Given the complex mix of particulate pollution in 

 2 California, we need to target reductions in NOx, ROG, SOx, 

 3 and direct PM, the later including diesel, dust, and smoke 

 4 particles. While NOx reductions may be the single biggest 

 5 part of the solution, the other pollutants are equally 

 6 important. 

 7 Unlike ozone, where much of the state exceeds the 

 8 standard, there are only two areas, the South Coast and 

 9 the San Joaquin Valley, that are non-attainment for the 

10 PM2.5 standard. 

11 --o0o-- 

12 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

13 CHIEF KARPEROS: In California, drafting SIPs is a joint 

14 effort. Local air districts write measures for stationary 

15 sources and do much of the public process. The South 

16 Coast Air District has specific responsibilities under 

17 state law unique from other area districts to identity 

18 emission reduction targets for their region. 

19 ARB provides most of the emission reductions: 90 

20 percent in this SIP round. After the air districts adopt 

21 their local elements, ARB joins them with the State 

22 Strategy to complete the SIP for submittal to U.S. EPA. 

23 Their job is to review SIPs for compliance with 

24 federal law. Once approved by U.S. EPA, a SIP is 

25 enforceable on a state in federal court. 

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 1 As you're aware with your actions on the San 

 2 Diego plan in May and the San Joaquin plan last week, 

 3 ozone planning is moving forward. 

 4 PM2.5 SIPs are due in April of next year. South 

 5 Coast is doing a combined ozone and PM2.5 plan now. The 

 6 San Joaquin Valley is doing separate plans. 

 7 --o0o-- 

 8 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 9 CHIEF KARPEROS: Now, with that behind us, let me turn to 

10 the heart of the matter, the proposed State Strategy. 

11 --o0o-- 

12 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

13 CHIEF KARPEROS: The proposed State Strategy reduces 

14 emissions from all the pollutants that form ozone and 

15 PM2.5, but emphasizes NOx. 

16 NOx is common to both ozone and particulate 

17 pollution problems. The proposed State Strategy 

18 recognizes that mobile sources are the largest contributor 

19 of NOx, specifically diesel engine fleets. 

20 As new engines have become cleaner exam cleaner, 

21 the emissions contribution from older vehicles has been 

22 growing to the extent that it will soon make up the 

23 majority of mobile source emissions. For example, all 

24 on-road vehicles, cars and trucks, 14 years old or older 

25 will produce almost 60 percent of total on-road NOx 

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 1 emissions by 2014. 

 2 So the simple conclusion is that mobile source 

 3 NOx reductions from the state's legacy fleet of older, 

 4 dirtier vehicles must be the main objective of the State 

 5 Strategy. And it is. 

 6 --o0o-- 

 7 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 8 CHIEF KARPEROS: I said earlier that the proposed strategy 

 9 is comprehensive because it proposes to reduce emissions 

10 from all major mobile sources of pollution. Construction 

11 equipment, heavy-duty trucks, passenger vehicles, ships, 

12 and locomotives emit 90 percent of mobile source NOx in 

13 the South Coast. 

14 Where staff saw other opportunities to reduce 

15 emissions, we made sure they were on the list: 

16 Recreational boats, off-road recreational equipment, 

17 evaporative emission sources, and consumer products. 

18 --o0o-- 

19 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

20 CHIEF KARPEROS: Now I'll go through the major components 

21 of the proposed State Strategy by source category, 

22 starting with construction and other large off-road 

23 equipment. I'll show you a graph of the impact of the 

24 State Strategy on the category's emissions, describe the 

25 strategy for that category, and then associate the impact 

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 1 graph, like the one you see here, to numbers. I'll be 

 2 using South Coast numbers to illustrate. 

 3 --o0o-- 

 4 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 5 CHIEF KARPEROS: Now to the construction measure. As you 

 6 see, the State Strategy is aggressive when it comes to 

 7 these sources. The column on the right is the 2006 

 8 baseline emissions. The 2014 and 2023 columns include the 

 9 impact of both adopted measures and the proposed new 

10 measures in the State Strategy. 

11 --o0o-- 

12 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

13 CHIEF KARPEROS: Adopted emission standards for new 

14 off-road diesel engines are becoming increasingly more 

15 stringent. Cleaner engines are available today. But the 

16 cleanest engines in the most critical sizes will phase in 

17 by 2015. 

18 Since large diesel off-road equipment remains in 

19 use for long periods of time, often 25 years or more, it's 

20 important that we accelerate emission reductions from the 

21 legacy fleet of large off-road equipment. 

22 The proposed measure would require owners of 

23 equipment larger than 25 horsepower to meet a stringent 

24 average emission level across their whole fleet. This 

25 provides equipment owners flexibility in how they will 

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 1 comply, swapping older, dirtier engines with new cleaner 

 2 ones, purchasing used-but-cleaner equipment, and adding 

 3 emission control devices to older engines. 

 4 The proposed rule would maximize early diesel PM 

 5 benefits and maximize NOx reductions over time. 

 6 --o0o-- 

 7 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 8 CHIEF KARPEROS: Of course you're considering the rule 

 9 now, with a hearing in July. The rule impacts all fleets, 

10 from the largest to the smallest owner-operator fleet. 

11 Staff has worked from the outset to maximize emission 

12 reductions. 

13 --o0o-- 

14 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

15 CHIEF KARPEROS: With the steadily more stringent off-road 

16 engine requirements, emissions are already slated to be 

17 cut by 47 tons per day by 2014 and 97 tons per day by 

18 2023. The proposed new measures would cut another 10 1/2 

19 tons per day of NOx in 2014 and 14 tons per day by 2023. 

20 Together, these equate to a 40-percent reduction by 2014 

21 and a 77 percent reduction by 2023. 

22 --o0o-- 

23 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

24 CHIEF KARPEROS: Now trucks. As you can see here, the 

25 State Strategy aggressively reduces emissions from 

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 1 heavy-duty diesel trucks. Staff is proposing to leverage 

 2 the new truck standards phasing in between 2007 and 2010, 

 3 drastically cutting NOx emissions. As you can see, the 

 4 benefits come early, most by 2014. 

 5 --o0o-- 

 6 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 7 CHIEF KARPEROS: Federal and state engine standards will 

 8 ensure that by 2010 all new diesel heavy-duty trucks are 

 9 90 percent cleaner than new 2006 trucks. This tremendous 

10 progress is on top of a 65 percent reduction in NOx and an 

11 85 percent reduction in particulate matter since 1990. 

12 But since trucks last a long time, we must bring 

13 newer trucks into the fleet at a faster pace to meet air 

14 quality goals. 

15 Staff proposes to do this through a legacy fleet 

16 rule that would require truck fleet owners to meet 

17 specified emission levels. Emissions would be reduced 

18 through faster turnover to new cleaner engines and add-on 

19 emission control devices on older trucks. The proposed 

20 measure would address fleets operating in California 

21 regardless of whether they are registered out of state. 

22 ARB staff has begun workshops on a heavy-duty 

23 truck legacy fleet rule. We'll look to maximize both 

24 particulate matter and ozone benefits, as we have done 

25 with the construction equipment rule. The rule is slated 

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 1 to come before the Board in 2008. A rule that will reduce 

 2 emissions from existing port trucks will also be proposed. 

 3 Making sure that the new ultra-clean diesel truck 

 4 technology remains clean in use is critical to meeting SIP 

 5 targets. The technology is new, and durability is 

 6 unknown. Therefore, ARB staff proposes to evaluate the 

 7 in-use emissions of the 2010 and newer engines as they 

 8 move into use; and, if needed, develop approaches to 

 9 reduce excess emissions due to deterioration, tampering, 

10 or mal-maintenance. Over the last months we've evaluated 

11 the possibility of increasing the estimated reductions 

12 from the fleet rule. We'll discuss that in a moment. 

13 --o0o-- 

14 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

15 CHIEF KARPEROS: Growth in goods movement, and the truck 

16 travel that is an integral part of it, presents an 

17 important air quality challenge. While statewide truck 

18 travel is expected to grow by about 30 percent by 2023, 

19 truck emissions will be drastically cut, by about 80 

20 percent. 

21 --o0o-- 

22 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

23 CHIEF KARPEROS: Adopted measures will reduce truck 

24 emissions by 107 tons per day in 2014. The new measure 

25 will add 47 tons per day to that. This equates to a 

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 1 combined 63 percent reduction in NOx emissions by 2014. 

 2 2023 truck emissions would be 80 percent lower. 

 3 --o0o-- 

 4 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 5 CHIEF KARPEROS: Here's the impact of the State Strategy 

 6 on passenger vehicles, continuing the pattern of what 

 7 historically has been the most successful passenger 

 8 vehicle control program in the world. 

 9 --o0o-- 

10 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

11 CHIEF KARPEROS: California's passenger vehicle emission 

12 standards are so effective that new cars today are 99 

13 percent cleaner than they were when ARB began its program. 

14 But in order to reduce the emissions necessary to help 

15 reach air quality goals, we need to continue to focus on 

16 keeping vehicles clean over their lifetimes. 

17 --o0o-- 

18 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

19 CHIEF KARPEROS: The State Strategy envisions an even 

20 stronger smog check program than we have today, including 

21 annual inspections for older cars and those that 

22 accumulate high mileage, like taxis; more stringent test 

23 limits; and adding motorcycles and small diesel vehicles. 

24 More attention will be paid as well to reducing 

25 evaporative emissions. 

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 1 The State Strategy also proposes to increase the 

 2 number of vehicles that are voluntarily retired by 

 3 implementing a larger scrap acknowledge program. 

 4 --o0o-- 

 5 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 6 CHIEF KARPEROS: And again, just as with trucks, the State 

 7 Strategy will have to overcome growth in travel. We 

 8 project a statewide increase of about 22 percent in auto 

 9 travel by 2023, but a NOx emission reduction of almost 80 

10 percent. 

11 --o0o-- 

12 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

13 CHIEF KARPEROS: The proposed new measures will reduce 

14 total NOx and ROG emissions in the South Coast by 32 tons 

15 per day in 2014; 14 tons per day of that is NOx, shown 

16 here on the chart. The combined impacts of the adopted 

17 and proposed new passenger vehicle measures is a 57 

18 percent reduction in NOx emissions by 2014 and a 77 

19 percent reduction by 2023. 

20 --o0o-- 

21 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

22 CHIEF KARPEROS: The impact of the proposed State Strategy 

23 on the next two major sources categories, ships & harbor 

24 craft and locomotives, has a much different dynamic than 

25 the previous three categories. 

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 1 Without aggressive action, a combination of 

 2 tremendous growth in goods movement and little or no 

 3 engine controls will cause emissions to increase 

 4 significantly over the next two decades without the State 

 5 Strategy, as illustrate by the blue bars on this chart. 

 6 Ships are estimated to jump from the sixth to the second 

 7 highest NOx producer by 2023. But the proposed new 

 8 measures in the State Strategy will help control ship 

 9 emissions, illustrated by the maroon bars, and help 

10 counter the effects of growth. 

11 --o0o-- 

12 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

13 CHIEF KARPEROS: The emission reduction plan for ports and 

14 goods movement in California, adopted by the Board in 

15 April of 2006, is extremely important to the State 

16 Strategy and meeting air quality standards. The State 

17 Strategy incorporates the measures in the goods movement 

18 plan, many of which are already in the works. 

19 The ship strategy reduces emissions from main 

20 ship engines and auxiliary engines used when they are 

21 docked at port. The strategy began with a 2005 rule that 

22 phases in the use of cleaner low-sulfur fuel in ship 

23 auxiliary engines. 

24 Proposed new measures would require low-sulfur 

25 fuel in main ship engines, increase electrification at the 

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 1 ports, reduce speeds near our shorelines, and increase the 

 2 use of cleaner new or retrofitted main engines. 

 3 Successful implementation of these measures will 

 4 require cooperative action at the local, state, federal, 

 5 and international levels. 

 6 --o0o-- 

 7 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 8 CHIEF KARPEROS: New English standards for harbor craft 

 9 began in 2004. Since the useful life of tugboats and 

10 other commercial harbor craft is so long, benefits of the 

11 new engine standards accrue slowly. So the proposed State 

12 Strategy includes a regulation that would require owners 

13 of existing harbor craft to replace old engines with newer 

14 cleaner engines or to add emission control technologies. 

15 That regulation is in the process of being developed and 

16 is slated for Board consideration at the end of this year. 

17 The regulation will take into account the fact 

18 that craft vessels are diverse and may require various 

19 combinations of emission reducing strategies. 

20 --o0o-- 

21 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

22 CHIEF KARPEROS: The State Strategy's proposed new 

23 measures would reduce ship and harbor craft emissions by 

24 50 percent in 2014 and 66 percent by 2023. 

25 --o0o-- 

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 1 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 2 CHIEF KARPEROS: Locomotive emissions are also projected 

 3 to increase without future measures. Given the federal 

 4 preemption, the success of the State Strategy, illustrated 

 5 by the maroon bars, is closely tied to federal action. 

 6 --o0o-- 

 7 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 8 CHIEF KARPEROS: ARB strongly advised U.S. EPA to adopt 

 9 new NOx standards to support California's attainment 

10 needs. Unfortunately, U.S. EPA has proposed a 2017 

11 implementation date. In light of this, ARB staff are now 

12 looking to maximize emission reductions that build from 

13 the practical realities of a 2017 date. The nominal 

14 concept calls for an agreement with railroads to 

15 accelerate the use of the cleanest possible engines in 

16 California. 

17 --o0o-- 

18 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

19 CHIEF KARPEROS: The proposed strategy is projected to 

20 decrease locomotive emissions by 24 percent in 2014 and by 

21 almost 70 percent in 2023. 

22 --o0o-- 

23 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

24 CHIEF KARPEROS: The measures just presented provide all 

25 but 14 tons of the NOx reductions we project are needed 

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 1 from mobile sources to attain the PM2.5 standard in the 

 2 South Coast by 2014. In order to meet South Coast needs, 

 3 we propose to modify our draft State Strategy commitment 

 4 to achieve these additional reductions. We will pursue 

 5 these additional tons as each measure is developed. 

 6 --o0o-- 

 7 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 8 CHIEF KARPEROS: The proposed State Strategy includes a 

 9 number of other measures that would cut emissions of 

10 reactive organic gases. 

11 New exhaust and evaporative emission standards 

12 for recreational boats and off-road recreational vehicles 

13 are proposed. 

14 Tanks and hoses where emissions are the result of 

15 evaporation of ROG from gasoline are targeted. You 

16 adopted one of the proposed rules yesterday for 

17 above-ground storage tanks. 

18 Two more rounds of consumer product regulations 

19 are proposed. One by next year and another between 2010 

20 and 2012. 

21 --o0o-- 

22 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

23 CHIEF KARPEROS: Continuing with ROG. Last week you 

24 modified California's Reformulated Gasoline Program to 

25 fully offset ROG emissions due to the increased use of 

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 1 ethanol. 

 2 And the proposed passenger vehicle measures, 

 3 strengthened smog check and expanded vehicle retirement, 

 4 will also reduce ROG emissions. 

 5 Together, the proposed new measures in the State 

 6 Strategy would reduce ROG emissions by 46 tons per day in 

 7 the South Coast in 2014. 

 8 --o0o-- 

 9 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

10 CHIEF KARPEROS: In addition to its large NOx reductions, 

11 the emission reduction impact of the proposed State 

12 Strategy on other pollutants is substantial. Toxic diesel 

13 particulates are drastically cut: 82 percent growing to 

14 85 percent reduction in diesel PM from trucks; 80 percent 

15 growing to 94 percent reduction in diesel soot from ships. 

16 Particle pollution reductions from trains will reach close 

17 to 80 percent by 2023. 

18 The State Strategy represents the full 

19 integration of the Board's Diesel Risk Reduction Plan with 

20 its efforts to reduce ozone and PM2.5 pollution. 

21 --o0o-- 

22 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

23 CHIEF KARPEROS: Sulfur oxide emissions are a precursor of 

24 PM2.5 pollution. Ships are the main SOx producer in 

25 California. Sulfur oxide emissions will be reduced 95 

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 1 percent by the adopted and proposed new State Strategy 

 2 measures, mainly through requiring low-sulfur fuels in 

 3 auxiliary and main ship engines. 

 4 --o0o-- 

 5 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 6 CHIEF KARPEROS: That complete the description of the 

 7 individual measures in the SIP. Now I'll shift to talking 

 8 about the impact of the proposed State Strategy as a 

 9 whole. 

10 --o0o-- 

11 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

12 CHIEF KARPEROS: The State Strategy will reduce mobile 

13 source NOx emissions by 50 percent by 2014. That's double 

14 the rate of any ten-year period before. These reductions 

15 are essential for meeting the PM2.5 standard in the South 

16 Coast and the San Joaquin Valley. 

17 --o0o-- 

18 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

19 CHIEF KARPEROS: The total projected emission reductions 

20 in the South Coast and the San Joaquin Valley from the 

21 proposed State Strategy are here in the next few slides. 

22 This is the emission reductions in the South 

23 Coast. 

24 Under the plan, NOx emissions will drop by 442 

25 tons per day by 2014. They'll drop by 589 tons per day by 

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 1 2023. 

 2 Making up the 442 tons per day by 2014 are 336 

 3 tons from the already-adopted programs and 136 tons from 

 4 new measures. 

 5 Similar progress is made on ROG. 

 6 --o0o-- 

 7 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 8 CHIEF KARPEROS: The last slide showed emission 

 9 reductions. This chart shows remaining emissions. You 

10 can see the progress. However, the adopted measures and 

11 the new proposed measures in the State Strategy do not 

12 provide all the emission reductions needed to meet the 

13 target level for ozone attainment. The light portion of 

14 the column above the target line in the year 2023 is the 

15 additional reductions needed. These reductions must come 

16 from technological innovation. 

17 --o0o-- 

18 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

19 CHIEF KARPEROS: Here is the South Coast ROG emission 

20 reduction progress and the remaining ROG emission 

21 reductions needed from future technology. 

22 --o0o-- 

23 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

24 CHIEF KARPEROS: Now, let's switch to San Joaquin. 

25 Under the plan, NOx emissions will be cut by 287 

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 1 tons in 2014 and 401 tons by 2023. Making up the 287 tons 

 2 are 211 tons from adopted state measures and 76 tons from 

 3 proposed new measures. 

 4 The ROG reductions are more modest but are 

 5 sufficient to attain the ozone standard. 

 6 --o0o-- 

 7 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 8 CHIEF KARPEROS: Here's the NOx reduction progress in the 

 9 Valley from 2006 through 2023, and the additional tons 

10 needed from innovation to reach the 2023 target. 

11 --o0o-- 

12 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

13 CHIEF KARPEROS: And, finally, this slide shows ROG 

14 progress in the Valley. As we described to you last week, 

15 we meet the ROG reduction target in 2014 without having to 

16 rely on new technology. 

17 --o0o-- 

18 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

19 CHIEF KARPEROS: As you saw in the last four slides, even 

20 with the tremendous progress from now until 2023, 

21 additional emission reductions are needed to meet the 

22 ozone targets. That is why the two regions have asked for 

23 a bump-up to the extreme classification that provides both 

24 the time and the legal framework for securing reductions 

25 from technological innovation. 

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 1 Innovation needs are challenging. In the South 

 2 Coast, it's 241 tons per day of NOx and 40 tons per day of 

 3 ROG. In San Joaquin, it's 81 tons of NOx. 

 4 --o0o-- 

 5 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 6 CHIEF KARPEROS: Innovation -- in other words, tomorrow's 

 7 technology -- is essential to reaching our air quality 

 8 goals. 

 9 The State Strategy proposes a directed progress 

10 for identifying long-term emission reductions and 

11 innovative technology. The process starts with the 

12 setting of emission goals for critical categories. 

13 Each category's goal will serve as a general 

14 target for how much cleaner that emission source category 

15 will need to be for attainment purposes. 

16 --o0o-- 

17 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

18 CHIEF KARPEROS: Incentives will speed progress to 

19 attainment for both PM2.5 and ozone. It will take money 

20 to speed up the process of emission reductions through new 

21 standards, natural fleet turnover, and legacy fleet 

22 modernization rules. 

23 --o0o-- 

24 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

25 CHIEF KARPEROS: Here's an illustration of the NOx 

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 1 reduction commitment in the South Coast. It includes 

 2 adopted measures, proposed new measures, and new 

 3 technology measures. Adopted and proposed new measures 

 4 account for 71 percent of the commitment. New technology 

 5 measures account for 29 percent. 

 6 I'll add that in San Joaquin Valley, adopted and 

 7 proposed new measures account for 83 percent of the 

 8 commitment, while new technology accounts for 17 percent. 

 9 The point here is that 1) most of the reductions 

10 needed for attainment will come from current technologies; 

11 2) the State Strategy identifies specific measures for 

12 getting them; and 3) ARB has already adopted the 

13 regulations securing over half the needed tons. 

14 --o0o-- 

15 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

16 CHIEF KARPEROS: With the proposed strategy, ARB is 

17 clearly doing its share when it comes to reducing 

18 emissions under its jurisdiction between now and 2023. 

19 The black columns are the relative share in 2006 of NOx 

20 emissions from local, state, and federal and international 

21 sources. The white columns are the share of emissions 

22 reduced by 2023. 

23 ARB action will provide over 90 percent of the 

24 emission reductions achieved between now and 2023. At the 

25 same time, state sources are a little over 80 percent of 

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 1 total NOx emissions. 

 2 Sources under local control are currently about 9 

 3 percent of NOx emissions, and will contribute 5 percent of 

 4 the NOx emission reductions in 2023. 

 5 Federal and international sources, mostly ships 

 6 and locomotives, are about 10 percent of current NOx 

 7 emissions. But due to overwhelming growth, even with 

 8 aggressive State Strategy control measures, will 

 9 contribute only 3 percent of the reductions. 

10 --o0o-- 

11 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

12 CHIEF KARPEROS: If you approve the State Strategy today, 

13 your action is first and foremost a commitment to reduce 

14 the emissions necessary to meet federal air quality 

15 standards. 

16 The specifics of that commitment are enforceable 

17 in a federal court. The proposed strategy contains three 

18 specific commitments: 

19 First, a commitment to achieve emission 

20 reductions by specific dates. In the South Coast and San 

21 Joaquin Valley the dates are 2014, 2020, and 2023. The 

22 emission reductions are the total for all new measures 

23 from each area. 

24 Second, a commitment that staff will develop the 

25 measures in the strategy, and if they are feasible, bring 

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 1 them to you for your consideration by specific dates. 

 2 I'll show you the proposed rulemaking calendar at the end 

 3 of the presentation. Under the commitment, the state is 

 4 not bound to adopt every measure in the strategy. 

 5 However, if a measure is not adopted or it does not get 

 6 the estimated reductions, offsetting reductions would have 

 7 to come from elsewhere. 

 8 And third commitment is one to achieve the 

 9 reductions needed from new technology for the state's two 

10 extreme areas, the San Joaquin Valley and the South Coast. 

11 --o0o-- 

12 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

13 CHIEF KARPEROS: I described earlier how air districts 

14 adopted their local element of the SIP and forward it to 

15 ARB. ARB then joins the local element with the State 

16 Strategy to complete the SIP for the areas. 

17 You approved the local San Joaquin Valley SIP 

18 element last week. Your approval of the strategy is 

19 needed today to provide the bulk of the Valley's emission 

20 reductions and complete the Valley SIP. When the Valley 

21 SIP is complete, staff will send it to U.S. EPA for their 

22 review. 

23 --o0o-- 

24 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

25 CHIEF KARPEROS: The California Environmental Quality Act 

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 1 and ARB policy require an analysis to identity any 

 2 potential adverse environmental impacts that may result 

 3 from adoption of these measures. While it's clear there 

 4 are overwhelming positive environmental benefits of the 

 5 State Strategy, identifying possible adverse impacts is 

 6 still important. 

 7 The State Strategy is a plan, not a regulatory 

 8 document, so detailed environmental impacts for each 

 9 measure will be forthcoming during the specific rulemaking 

10 process. 

11 The results of the analysis are contained in 

12 Appendix E. 

13 --o0o-- 

14 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

15 CHIEF KARPEROS: Staff also did an economic impact 

16 analysis of the State Strategy. The annual direct costs 

17 are estimated to be approximately 4.6 billion in 2014. 

18 Staff estimated a reduction in California's 

19 economic output, employment, and personal income of 2/10 

20 to 3/10 of 1 percent. 

21 It's important to note the significant societal 

22 benefits to California from the proposed State Strategy. 

23 Prior analyses have estimated that the benefits of 

24 California's air quality regulations exceed their costs by 

25 a ratio of about three to one. 

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 1 --o0o-- 

 2 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 3 CHIEF KARPEROS: There are a couple of SIP administrative 

 4 actions that accompany the proposed State Strategy. 

 5 California is required to submit what is called 

 6 an Infrastructure SIP. It demonstrates California's 

 7 ability to implement, maintain and enforce federal air 

 8 quality standards. The submittal simply updates the 

 9 comprehensive Infrastructure SIP we did in response to the 

10 California Clean Air Act of 1970, and responds to any 

11 required new elements. 

12 California must also submit an Interstate 

13 Transport SIP. It describes the potential for pollution 

14 transport to other states and shows that California has 

15 the needed programs in place to mitigate transport. Both 

16 of these documents are just a few pages long. They're 

17 Appendix B and C of the State Strategy. 

18 --o0o-- 

19 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

20 CHIEF KARPEROS: The Department of Pesticide Regulation, 

21 DPR, is developing a regulation stated for December 2007 

22 to require best available control technology and establish 

23 regional emission caps on pesticide use. 

24 The reductions from the regulation are included 

25 in the San Joaquin Valley eight-hour SIP. 

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 1 DPR is requesting to increase Ventura's one-hour 

 2 SIP cap that is part of the original 1994 one-hour SIP by 

 3 one ton per day to address unanticipated acreage growth. 

 4 As a result of the 1994 SIP, Ventura attained the 

 5 one-hour standard in 2005. 

 6 The benefits of the regulation will be in 

 7 Ventura's eight-hour Ozone SIP. 

 8 --o0o-- 

 9 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

10 CHIEF KARPEROS: I'll now address various issues that have 

11 arisen during the SIP process in the development of the 

12 proposed strategy. 

13 First, the South Coast adopted an integrated 

14 ozone and PM2.5 plan on June 1st that proposed ARB commit 

15 to an additional 63 tons per day NOx reductions by 2014 

16 for purposes of PM2.5 attainment. The district plan also 

17 recommended that ARB consider 12 new or modified measures. 

18 Similar suggestions were made by various environmental and 

19 health advocates. 

20 The timing of ARB's consideration of the State 

21 Strategy and the delay in considering the South Coast plan 

22 are also a concern. 

23 And, lastly, a number of comments have been 

24 received regarding consumer products, the Department of 

25 Pesticides Regulation's SIP element and other issues. 

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 1 We'll start with the South Coast PM2.5 attainment 

 2 issue. 

 3 --o0o-- 

 4 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 5 CHIEF KARPEROS: First, will the proposed State Strategy 

 6 reduce emissions enough for the South Coast to meet the 

 7 PM2.5 standard by the 2014 deadline? 

 8 This is a glass-full story. ARB staff believes 

 9 the strategy will bring the South Coast into attainment by 

10 2014. 

11 This is a similar chart to one we shared with you 

12 at the April Board briefing on SIP develop. The column on 

13 the left represents the measured level of PM2.5 in 2006, 

14 20.8 micrograms per cubic meter. 

15 The thick horizontal black line represents 

16 attainment under U.S. EPA's modeling guidance. 

17 There is uncertainty in all calculations. Air 

18 quality models are no exception. The thickness of the 

19 black attainment line represents the uncertainty U.S. EPA 

20 recognizes in PM2.5 modeling. In short, according to U.S. 

21 EPA, if future PM2.5 levels predicted by a computer model 

22 fall on the black line, that shows attainment when it's 

23 supported by other data. 

24 The column on the right is the predicted PM2.5 

25 level with the proposed State Strategy and the benefits of 

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 1 the local South Coast Air District measures. As you can 

 2 see, the PM2.5 prediction falls within U.S. EPA's defined 

 3 attainment range. 

 4 --o0o-- 

 5 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 6 CHIEF KARPEROS: The story told by ambient PM2.5 data is 

 7 even more compelling. 

 8 The columns on this chart reflect real, measured 

 9 ambient PM2.5 levels. They show actual pollution measured 

10 in the air. 

11 In 2001, measured PM2.5 levels were 30 micrograms 

12 per cubic meter, twice the standard. In the last five 

13 years, the state has cut PM2.5 pollution by a third. 

14 Simply put, if the current measured trend holds as the 

15 black line suggests, attainment by 2014 is expected. 

16 Will the trend hold? Staff believes there is 

17 every reason to expect it to. NOx emission reductions 

18 have been the driver to the tremendous progress you see on 

19 this chart. The proposed State Strategy will double the 

20 historical rate of NOx emissions. That is the 

21 acceleration of the NOx reductions that you see on the 

22 large chart. 

23 These three pieces of information together, 1) 

24 future predicted PM2.5 levels falling within the official 

25 attainment range; 2) the dramatic progress made so far 

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 1 witnessed by empirical data; and 3) the proposed doubling 

 2 of the NOx reduction rate, are compelling evidence that 

 3 South Coast will meet the PM2.5 standard with the proposed 

 4 State Strategy. 

 5 --o0o-- 

 6 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 7 CHIEF KARPEROS: Next are the 12 measures suggested by the 

 8 South Coast Air District that they believe ARB should 

 9 adopt. Tom Cackette and Mike Scheible will cover these 

10 point. 

11 CHIEF DEPUTY EXECUTIVE OFFICER CACKETTE: Good 

12 morning. 

13 Mike and I are going to share this. And I'll 

14 address four of them on this first slide and Mike will 

15 address two, and then we'll go on to the next slide and 

16 catch the other measures. 

17 So I'll start with the first one -- the first 

18 suggested South Coast measure, which is the first bullet, 

19 to require a hundred thousand plug-in hybrid electric 

20 vehicles by 2014. And in this -- in the way the South 

21 Coast has defined that, these will be vehicles that have 

22 all electric range. In other words battery electric 

23 vehicles with a range extender. 

24 The District also proposes that we have retrofits 

25 of existing vehicles -- hybrid electric vehicles, such as 

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 1 Priuses, and turn them into plug hybrid electric vehicles. 

 2 In may you addressed the ZEV program. And the 

 3 ZEV program historically has been the mechanism which ARB 

 4 has used to push and force new technologies into 

 5 commercialization. As you heard in may, the ZEV review 

 6 panel was quite positive about the potential of plug 

 7 hybrid electric vehicles to be commercialized sometime in 

 8 the next decade. 

 9 But as you also heard in May, there's some major 

10 challenges remaining, including the advancements of 

11 battery technology necessary to make these types of 

12 vehicles commercially viable. 

13 The potential we think is best determined, not 

14 here as a SIP measure, but as part of the ZEV review, 

15 which we will be bringing to you in December. And that 

16 included your direction to look at ways of incentivizing 

17 the introduction of plug hybrid electric vehicles. 

18 With regard to the retrofitting proposal with 

19 South Coast, we do not think this is a sound proposal. We 

20 do not believe that going in and retrofitting -- major 

21 retrofitting of existing vehicles is a way to proceed. 

22 The second item -- the second bullet there is to 

23 require on-board diagnostic retrofits. And what this 

24 concept would be is that the car would automatically have 

25 a cell-phone-like device that would communicate with some 

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 1 central station and let the state know that there's a 

 2 problem with the car, in which case you could then send 

 3 the person a letter and say, "Come in and get it fixed 

 4 right away." It's an innovative idea. We have been -- 

 5 we've actually built cars like that in the past to 

 6 demonstrate the technology. But we have no legal 

 7 authority for the retrofit portion of this at all. And 

 8 the idea that we could do it on new vehicles, which is 

 9 also suggested by the South Coast, is probably technically 

10 feasible. But given what the benefits calculated are, we 

11 don't think it's really worth putting in a whole new major 

12 system like this and rely instead on the smog check 

13 program to catch these emissions. 

14 The third bullet is to require more aggressive 

15 turnover of trucks. This is essentially how aggressive 

16 will the retrofit rule that we'll bring to you next summer 

17 for both turning over and putting filters on the legacy 

18 fleet of heavy-duty diesel trucks, how aggressive should 

19 that be. South Coast has made several different 

20 suggestions. One would be to increase the turnover rate 

21 of older vehicles by at least 50 percent compared to what 

22 the staff had been proposing; or to replace all the 2001 

23 through 2004 trucks with 2010 engines -- 2010 engines are 

24 the cleanest engines -- or replace 30 percent of the 2001 

25 to 2006 trucks with these super-clean engines and retrofit 

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 1 NOx device as well as DM devices on to those vehicles. So 

 2 there's several variations they've suggested. 

 3 Our proposal at least at its current stage -- and 

 4 it's certainly undergoing develop and also some learning 

 5 from what will happen with the construction equipment 

 6 rule -- is to have all of the trucks be the equivalent of 

 7 2004 level engines by 2014, which will generate a 75 

 8 percent NOx reduction and a greater than 85 percent PM 

 9 reduction. So it's very aggressive. It's very large 

10 reductions in PM. Does not get as many NOx reductions as 

11 the South Coast would like. 

12 But like the construction rule, you know, there's 

13 an ability to pay threshold here that we're trying to deal 

14 with. And you heard that in great detail on the 

15 construction rule last month. And, you know, there's a 

16 line I guess about how far you can go on the economics 

17 here. It's not technology driven. And the South Coast 

18 proposal at least to date has not really addressed this. 

19 So we're trying to address it. And what we will bring to 

20 you next summer will be the most aggressive NOx control 

21 that also gets, you know, a virtual elimination of the PM 

22 emissions as well. 

23 And the fifth bullet down, it will be the last 

24 one I'll address on this slide, which is the construction 

25 rule. And I don't think I really need to say much about 

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 1 this since the Board heard this in great detail at a 

 2 previous Board meeting. But the South Coast proposal is 

 3 basically to double the turnover rate in the early years 

 4 of the program, which adds costs to the early years. And 

 5 those happen to be the years in which the costs under our 

 6 proposal are also the highest. So it adds a substantial 

 7 economic burden in the early years. 

 8 What we heard at the Board meeting was that we 

 9 needed to be sensitive to that and perhaps figure out a 

10 way of leveling out some of those costs, and also to pay 

11 more attention to the individual fleets and what the 

12 impacts on them would be. And that's what we're doing 

13 between May and when we'll bring the proposal back to you 

14 in July. 

15 And we will of course try to get the maximum 

16 degree of NOx reduction. But it will -- undoubtedly will 

17 not achieve the full reduction that the South Coast would 

18 like. 

19 DEPUTY EXECUTIVE OFFICER SCHEIBLE: I'm going to 

20 address the two measures that are related to port trucks 

21 and cargo handling equipment at ports. 

22 As we mentioned yesterday, we are developing a 

23 measure that will affect those trucks that go to ports in 

24 any significant number or go to other intermodal 

25 facilities such as rail yards, where the truck is taking a 

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 1 container and dropping it off. These are places where the 

 2 nearby communities are heavily impacted by the diesel PM. 

 3 Our measure is aimed at getting an order of a 90 

 4 percent reduction as soon as possible from the trucks in 

 5 this service to reduce the community risk; and while doing 

 6 that, to get a substantial NOx reduction. 

 7 The ports of L.A. and Long Beach accepted that 

 8 part of the measure and wanted to go further and actually 

 9 stress a combination of PM control and more substantial 

10 NOx reduction. In order to do that, you have to basically 

11 go to 2007 and newer trucks in that service. 

12 We've designed our measure so it will work in 

13 concert with the state bond funding, on the presumption 

14 that port trucking and intermodal trucking would be a high 

15 priority. And I've costed it out at several hundred 

16 million dollars in order to institute the statewide 

17 strategy. To do it the way that it was proposed in the 

18 port plan, it would be upwards of one billion dollars, 

19 depending on how it could be between -- slightly above one 

20 billion to almost two billion, depending on the route 

21 that's chosen. 

22 We're trying to design our measure in tandem with 

23 the ports' measures so that they are compatible, they 

24 support each other. But basically it's a matter of 

25 funding. And we don't think we can bring you a rule that 

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 1 requires that level without a funding source for your 

 2 consideration. 

 3 But clearly it will be before the Board later on. 

 4 And we are trying to work in a way that maximizes the 

 5 utility of our rule statewide and is compatible with the 

 6 port's plan. 

 7 The port plan also included a strategy that would 

 8 say we're going to get the cargo handling equipment 

 9 upgraded more quickly than required by the statewide rule 

10 that this Board adopted the end of 2005. We again are 

11 supportive of that strategy. Our rule will replace the 

12 major emitting equipment, the yard tractors, by 2010. And 

13 the port's plan would do that a little earlier. And the 

14 real question is: How do you upgrade the cranes and the 

15 other equipment, the mobile cranes, lifters, and other 

16 things? 

17 We designed our rule so that we could take 

18 advantage of the off-road engines that come about in the 

19 2014 time frame and 2015 time frame with much lower NOx. 

20 So we don't think that there's a big NOx gain to be gained 

21 by accelerating it before those engines are available. 

22 But we will be working with -- again with the ports. If 

23 they can bring either lease conditions or funding that 

24 encourages people to do things faster, we'll be supportive 

25 of that. 

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 1 CHIEF DEPUTY EXECUTIVE OFFICER CACKETTE: And 

 2 I'll address two of the items on this and Michael address 

 3 the rest. 

 4 The first one is the second bullet down, which is 

 5 "require electrification of airport ground support 

 6 equipment." That's the baggage tugs and pushback things. 

 7 We talked a little bit about that yesterday. 

 8 South Coast is proposing that we do more 

 9 electrification to fulfill an MOU that was voided by the 

10 airline industry. 

11 And that we also lower the fleet average standard 

12 that the non-electric vehicles would have to comply with. 

13 The Board addressed this issue just last year in 2006 and 

14 they set new standards, which will be fully in place by 

15 2013. So the road map for lower emissions is pretty well 

16 in place for the next -- well, through 2013. 

17 The electrification goal of the MOU we showed at 

18 that time had already been met. In fact, in the South 

19 Coast the electrification is over 35 percent and the 

20 target had been 30 percent. And as we discussed 

21 yesterday, there are some limits into how much more 

22 electrification can occur. But to the degree it can 

23 occur, we think it will occur because the infrastructure's 

24 in place and there's a larger degree of comfort with this 

25 technology now by the airport operators. 

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 1 We will certainly look at the potential to 

 2 tighten these standards up even more. But it would have 

 3 to occur after the 2013 time frame, which really means 

 4 it's a target for the Ozone SIP and not the PM SIP. And 

 5 what's at stake here is -- in 2014 is something that's 

 6 less than a ton per day. 

 7 The fourth bullet down is tighter controls or 

 8 emission standards on pleasure craft, and also early 

 9 retirement of some of those pleasure craft. And what 

10 we're talking about here are outboard engines, jet skis, 

11 and inboard engines. 

12 And South Coast would propose that 20 percent of 

13 the oldest boats be scrapped and replaced with newer boats 

14 by 2014 and that we tighten the exhaust standards for the 

15 new engines, both the inboards and the outboard engines. 

16 The Board has addressed both of these categories 

17 earlier. Probably five or six years ago we addressed the 

18 outboard and what we call PWCs or the jet skis. And more 

19 recently the kind of ChrisCraft-type boats with inboard -- 

20 larger inboard engines. Those are being implemented in 

21 the sort of 2008, 2009, 2010 time frame. 

22 We think that more is possible and we are taking 

23 steps to do that. For example, we are developing an 

24 evaporative emission control requirement for the red 

25 jerrycans that you carry around to fuel the outboards and 

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 1 the jet skis, ones that don't have the fuel storage tank 

 2 onboard. 

 3 We've also initiated a catalyst demonstration 

 4 program for outboard engines to see whether we can tighten 

 5 the standard based on availability of catalyst. 

 6 But, again, I think the potential here for the 

 7 new engines is beyond -- equal to or beyond the 2014 time 

 8 frame and would be most beneficial for the ozone 

 9 attainment plan. And we'll work on that very hard. 

10 With regard to the scrapping, we of course don't 

11 have a large pot of money to do that. And I guess it's 

12 estimated at over $50 million. But to the extent the 

13 District wishes to fund this, that's certainly a possible 

14 strategy. 

15 And the other possible strategy is just a 

16 restriction on the use of the older dirty boats. When the 

17 Board adopted the standards for new boats, we've had a 

18 mandatory labeling. So there's these big bright stars 

19 that are now on the side of the jet skis and the outboard 

20 engines -- one, two, or three stars. And the purpose of 

21 those was to be able to segregate vehicles out if local 

22 districts or local governments wanted to say that the 

23 older engines couldn't be used. So it's a tool that they 

24 could use to accomplish this without the need for a large 

25 pot of money for a retrofit. 

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 1 DEPUTY EXECUTIVE OFFICER SCHEIBLE: Okay. On the 

 2 locomotive strategy, staff has mentioned earlier that this 

 3 is an area where we must persuade others to take the 

 4 actions that we need in order to get emission reductions. 

 5 The first place we have to be persuasive is with 

 6 the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, that has the 

 7 sole authority to set emission standards for new 

 8 locomotives. We had designed this measure based on their 

 9 advanced notice of proposed rulemaking, which was made 

10 several years ago where they said they might set standards 

11 as early as 2012. They have since actually made a 

12 proposal. And their proposal says the NOx standards won't 

13 occur until 2017. We're working as hard as we can to 

14 influence that, to get it to be much earlier. But I think 

15 it's doubtful that we'll see something that could be done 

16 in the 2012 time frame. 

17 Fortunately there's some other aspects of their 

18 proposals that may bring us some interim NOx reductions, 

19 that aren't as good as the final 90 percent, that we could 

20 leverage; and then also some additional PM reductions 

21 through retrofits of existing locomotives. 

22 So we're going to have to work pretty hard to 

23 maintain the existing commitment in the SIP to get the 

24 emission reductions we've outlined based on a more 

25 optimistic federal schedule. 

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 1 We also need to repeat the agreement we had with 

 2 the railroads that vastly accelerated the introduction of 

 3 the clean locomotives once they're available. The SIP 

 4 strategy was designed to do that over about an eight-year 

 5 period. I believe the South Coast strategy would like to 

 6 have us do that over a two or three year period. And we 

 7 don't think that we can get that turnover in the fleet to 

 8 occur as quickly as the strategy's called for. 

 9 On the control of transportation refrigeration 

10 units, these are the units that are mounted on trailers or 

11 on trucks that keep their produce cold. Or they're on 

12 rail cars. We adopted a rule two and a half years ago 

13 that requires the turnover and upgrade of these units. 

14 The way to get NOx reductions, unfortunately, 

15 is -- it would call for a retrofit. The new engine rules 

16 for these don't give you the final level of NOx control 

17 and there aren't retrofits available. That's why we're 

18 not ready to commit to this one. 

19 In terms of the SOx reductions from gasoline, 

20 last week we were in Fresno and the Board adopted the 

21 proposed measure on that. We will be lowering the sulfur 

22 content of gasoline down to where we believe about 5 PPM. 

23 We've already accounted for the NOx reductions in that 

24 measure. But I believe there are some SOx reductions that 

25 will help with PM attainment in the South Coast and the 

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 1 San Joaquin Valley that we should take into account and 

 2 take credit for in our plan. 

 3 The last measure is to require cleaner diesel 

 4 formulations. One way to do that is to use something 

 5 called fishertropes or solids or gas to liquid diesels 

 6 that are much cleaner. You can blend this in with regular 

 7 CARB diesel. Our assessment is that it's extremely 

 8 expensive because the availability of that fuel on the 

 9 worldwide market is small compared to demand. And so it 

10 would take a fair amount of money to bid enough of it into 

11 the California market to make sense. 

12 However, we also identified yesterday the low 

13 carbon fuel standard as a strategy to go forth. And 

14 actually for biodiesel or reformulated -- that's not 

15 reformulated diesel. It's basically a different way of 

16 making renewable diesel in the refinery. We might have 

17 options there. So I think we should look at this issue 

18 more carefully as we do that rule making, to see if 

19 there's a way we could -- while we get the carbon 

20 benefits, we can also seek some additional -- we might get 

21 some additional NOx reductions from -- on the diesel side. 

22 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

23 CHIEF KARPEROS: I'll continue. 

24 Environmental groups have also suggested 

25 additional control measures. They've asked for stronger 

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 1 fleet rules, more car scrappage, a better smog check 

 2 program, cleaner consumer products and marine vessels, rec 

 3 boats and fuels. 

 4 They also want ARB staff to quantify the emission 

 5 reductions for the proposed Agricultural Equipment Rule. 

 6 --o0o-- 

 7 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 8 CHIEF KARPEROS: We've received comments about the SIP 

 9 other than suggestions for control measures. 

10 Environmental groups have expressed concern about 

11 the Strategy's reliance on future technology for part of 

12 the emission reductions needed for ozone attainment and 

13 the specificity of the advanced technology commitment. 

14 They also indicated they believe the plan's 

15 reliance on adopted measures to meet the federal 

16 requirements for contingency measures is flawed. 

17 We've received comments from the representatives 

18 of the agricultural industry supporting the substitution 

19 of mobile source emission reductions as part of DPR's 

20 rulemaking for Ventura County pesticide regulations. And 

21 we've received very strong comment opposing the action, 

22 citing the court's involvement in the matter. 

23 Representatives of the consumer products industry 

24 have submitted comments on the consumer product emissions 

25 inventory, alternative control approaches, and the 

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 1 reactivity of consumer product emissions. 

 2 Finally, we received one comment that the 

 3 proposed strategy does not adequately deal with the 

 4 pollution transport, growth, and land use. 

 5 --o0o-- 

 6 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 7 CHIEF KARPEROS: Finally, the last issue I'll describe is 

 8 the consideration of the South Coast Plan. We've 

 9 postponed consideration of the plan, the ozone and PM2.5 

10 plan. We did so because two SCAG measures, a critical 

11 part of the issue, are incomplete. 

12 The September hearing is the next available date 

13 when we could bring the District's plan to you. 

14 --o0o-- 

15 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

16 CHIEF KARPEROS: There are two actions the staff is 

17 recommending for the Board today. 

18 --o0o-- 

19 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

20 CHIEF KARPEROS: Staff recommends that the Board adopt the 

21 proposed State Strategy for California's 2007 SIP. This 

22 would include an additional commitment of 14 tons per day 

23 of NOx emission reductions in the South Coast for 2014 for 

24 PM2.5 attainment. It would also include minor technical 

25 corrections and clarification to the April 26th draft and 

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 1 the May 7 appendices. 

 2 Finally, staff recommend that you approve the 

 3 Infrastructure SIP and Interstate Transport SIP. 

 4 --o0o-- 

 5 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 6 CHIEF KARPEROS: Finally the last few slides. 

 7 Adoption of the Strategy will establish a 

 8 rulemaking calendar for SIP measures over the next few 

 9 years. This rulemaking calendar is part of the proposed 

10 SIP commitment. 

11 --o0o-- 

12 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

13 CHIEF KARPEROS: Starting with actions that happen this 

14 year: 

15 Cleaner in-use off-road equipment. 

16 Modifications to Reformulated Gasoline Program. 

17 You did that last week: 

18 Cleaner Main Ship Fuel. 

19 Ship Speed Reduction. 

20 Shore Power for Ships. 

21 And Cleanup of Existing Harbor Craft. 

22 And, finally, Enhanced Vapor Recovery for 

23 Above-Ground Storage Tanks. That was taken care of 

24 yesterday. 

25 --o0o-- 

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 1 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 2 CHIEF KARPEROS: Moving to 2008: 

 3 Cleaner In-Use Heavy-Duty Trucks. 

 4 Port Truck Modernization. 

 5 Cleaner Ship auxiliary Engines. 

 6 And Cleaner Line-Haul Locomotives. 

 7 And, finally, a round of Consumer Products 

 8 Regulations. 

 9 --o0o-- 

10 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

11 CHIEF KARPEROS: Last, in 2009 to 2012. First '09: 

12 Cleaner In-Use Agricultural Equipment. 

13 New Emission Standards for Recreational Boats. 

14 Expanded Off-Road Recreational Vehicle Emission 

15 Standards. 

16 Additional Evaporative Emission Standards. 

17 And, finally, a second round of Consumer Product 

18 Regulation. 

19 That concludes my presentation. Thank you for 

20 your patience. 

21 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you very much. 

22 We'll start with the Board Member questions. 

23 Who wants to lead off? 

24 Dr. Gong. 

25 BOARD MEMBER GONG: Just a quick question. 

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 1 The U.S. EPA administrator is deliberating about 

 2 the new ozone standard -- federal ozone standard. How 

 3 does that affect our state SIP, or does it, once it comes 

 4 out I guess from them? 

 5 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 6 CHIEF KARPEROS: The planning cycle -- the standard of 

 7 course that we're dealing with now is the existing 

 8 eight-hour standard. The EPA has to go through the 

 9 rulemaking process to set the standard. They'll have to 

10 go through a classification scheme, develop implementation 

11 rules. We're not expecting that for a number of years. 

12 But, more practically, the program sort of is 

13 distributed by -- you know, indicated by the summary 

14 chart. The programs that we're proposing here in this 

15 strategy would continue to reduce emissions going forward. 

16 So we're already getting our first step at moving towards 

17 that new standard as we work on the current standard. 

18 BOARD MEMBER GONG: Does that require a revision 

19 of the SIP with that or -- 

20 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: Dr. Gong, the SIP 

21 is revised every three years anyways whether the standards 

22 change or not. And so as the new standard phases in with 

23 the new attainment deadlines, we'll add that review to the 

24 ongoing review of this SIP. 

25 BOARD MEMBER GONG: Thank you. 

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 1 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Ms. D'Adamo. 

 2 BOARD MEMBER D'ADAMO: Question regarding slide 

 3 60, the pie chart showing the percentage relied upon for 

 4 new technology measures. 

 5 Could staff estimate what percentage within that 

 6 section would hope to be achieved by incentive measures 

 7 versus new technologies that appear to be on the horizon? 

 8 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 9 CHIEF KARPEROS: We've done some analysis where we've 

10 estimated emissions going forward with full conversion to 

11 the existing and upcoming current standards. I don't 

12 recall specifically what that was in the South Coast. 

13 With a new standard set for the incentives and programs to 

14 accelerate, even introduction to that newer standard would 

15 be part of this as well. So I think, you know, arguably 

16 you're looking at a mix of both for that and a mix of 

17 incentives to bring forward the new technology. 

18 BOARD MEMBER D'ADAMO: Well, just as an example, 

19 I know that there are individuals from the Governor's 

20 California Partnership that are seeking incentive dollars 

21 in the San Joaquin Valley to the tune of $100 million per 

22 year, which is going to be very challenging to even obtain 

23 that. But somehow if they were to magically obtain the 

24 $100 million, what would this pie chart look like for the 

25 valley? 

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 1 And I don't know if there are comparable figures 

 2 that exist for South Coast. But that's basically where 

 3 I'm headed with the question. 

 4 AIR QUALITY AND TRANSPORTATION PLANNING BRANCH 

 5 CHIEF KARPEROS: Our analysis of the potential impact of 

 6 that sort of money and the full conversion of the new 

 7 standards would cut the advanced technology needs in half. 

 8 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: If you recall, 

 9 there was an estimate in the San Joaquin Valley that we 

10 needed roughly 2.5 billion to completely purchase our way 

11 out of the black box. And in this presentation as it 

12 relates to the South Coast, staff showed you an estimate 

13 of just to get 63 tons of NOx we needed 5 to ten billion. 

14 So you can scale up to the 241 how many billions you would 

15 need if you tried to go after it in a monetary way. 

16 And certainly we expect to have more incentives 

17 as time goes by, additional bond measures, for example. 

18 But none of us are so bold as to think we'll get, you 

19 know, 20, 30, 40 billion to work with. So our traditional 

20 reliance on technological know-how is still very much part 

21 of the future scenario. 

22 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Professor Sperling. 

23 BOARD MEMBER SPERLING: Just a quick follow-up on 

24 that, you know, if going to slide 72. And I guess this is 

25 as much for Tom Cackette as -- and Mike Scheible. 

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 1 You know, many of these measures to accel -- are 

 2 basically accelerating turnover and accelerating the 

 3 introduction of vehicles. What funding -- in addition to 

 4 other state funding that could or might be available, what 

 5 about in the South Coast? They've historically provided 

 6 substantial incentive programs. Is there any -- are there 

 7 any proposals specifically for any of these additional 

 8 measures? And how effective might they be? 

 9 DEPUTY EXECUTIVE OFFICER SCHEIBLE: Well, the 

10 port's plan for the sources that they influence calls for 

11 funding mechanisms where they would generate via tariffs 

12 or gate fees or something like that as part of the lease 

13 agreement's funding source for the trucks and the other 

14 equipment at the port. And that's a substantial funding 

15 source. But that only could be applied to the vehicles 

16 that do business there, which is a relatively small 

17 fraction of the basin-wide fleet. 

18 DEPUTY EXECUTIVE OFFICER TERRY: There is an 

19 existing funding source that the South Coast Air 

20 District -- motor vehicle registration fees that is 

21 divvied up in this region in three ways: The South Coast 

22 Air District, their mobile source -- reduction committee, 

23 and then local cities and counties. So over the years we 

24 have provided guidance encouraging the local government to 

25 use those dollars wisely in the most cost effective 

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 1 manner. So, you know, we have certainly tried to steer 

 2 them towards these kinds of projects to deliver the most 

 3 cost-effective tons. 

 4 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: And, Dr. 

 5 Sperling, pending in the Legislature is a proposal to 

 6 provide an additional 20 million a year for the 

 7 Construction Rule. And we've estimated, unfortunately, 

 8 that only captures about a thousand pieces of equipment 

 9 per year out of the 180,000 that are subject to the rule. 

10 So it's helpful, but it's not a big part of the solution. 

11 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: I have several questions to 

12 clarify my understanding. 

13 First dealing with the uncertainty in the PM2.5 

14 attainment requirements. What is EPA approvable? If we 

15 send forward a plan without the 63 additional tons of NOx 

16 that the South Coast believes are required, is that 

17 approvable by the EPA? 

18 DEPUTY EXECUTIVE OFFICER TERRY: I'll start from 

19 a big picture and perhaps Legal can step in. 

20 As was mentioned in the staff presentation, 

21 there' a specific statute that deals with air quality 

22 planning in the South Coast. And the South Coast plans 

23 are designed to meet both the California Clean Air Act and 

24 the Federal Clean Air Act. And then there are ground 

25 rules about how the agencies interact, the state, the air 

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 1 district, and the Association of Governments. 

 2 And so we have an issue that under California 

 3 state law we must accept the carrying capacity developed 

 4 by the local air district unless the Board decides to make 

 5 a change and go through a conflict resolution, et cetera. 

 6 However, under federal law, EPA is obviously not 

 7 constrained by state law. And to the extent they receive 

 8 a SIP that they feel complies with their guidance, this 

 9 issue of what the district believes to be the carrying 

10 capacity is somewhat a legally ambiguous area. 

11 But nonetheless, we are bound by state law in 

12 terms of our interactions with the local district and 

13 SCAG. 

14 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: The short answer 

15 is we believe it's federally approvable, the plan that we 

16 have identified, because it falls within U.S. EPA's 

17 modeling guidance. 

18 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: And a further question along 

19 the same line. As 2014 approaches, presumably the 

20 uncertainty in what's required for attainment will 

21 decrease. Is there a mechanism to adjust the plan as time 

22 progresses? 

23 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: Well, there are 

24 anti-backsliding provisions that would inhibit taking 

25 measures out even if you thought you were overperforming. 

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 1 And so we prefer to go with the optimistic assessment that 

 2 says, and is strongly buttressed by air quality data and 

 3 the downward emissions trend, that we have more than 

 4 sufficient reductions to get to the 2014 target. So we 

 5 wouldn't put in 63 and then take it out later. 

 6 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: A second area. Smog check, 

 7 and what is needed. It's not too clear to me what we have 

 8 the authority to do, what BAR has the authority to do, and 

 9 what new legislation is required. 

10 Could you expand on that a little bit on where 

11 we're headed in smog check? 

12 CHIEF DEPUTY EXECUTIVE OFFICER CACKETTE: Of the 

13 items that are listed, there's some ambiguity about what 

14 the authority is. It's clear we need legal authority to 

15 do annual inspections of the older vehicles. And there's 

16 a bill in the Legislature that would provide that 

17 authority. There's some ambiguity about whether the 

18 Bureau of Automotive Repair, that implements this, has the 

19 authority to add additional classes of vehicles like 

20 diesels and motorcycles there. We're expecting that that 

21 might just get resolved by putting it into a bill 

22 somewhere and dealing with the ambiguity. 

23 The other things that have been listed or 

24 referenced here are already being done. Like the 

25 low-pressure EVAP test has been already proposed by BAR 

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 1 and expected to be adopted finally within months of now. 

 2 So that one doesn't require any legal authority. 

 3 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: And yet more. 

 4 In the cleaner main engine ship fuel proposal, 

 5 what is our authority to require that? Or is it something 

 6 that has to be negotiated through a memorandum of 

 7 understanding? 

 8 DEPUTY EXECUTIVE OFFICER SCHEIBLE: We believe we 

 9 have the authority to require ships to use cleaner fuel 

10 and meet lower emission standards so long as we show that 

11 their emissions are impacting our air quality and it's 

12 technically doable. 

13 We are being sued in court over that decision. 

14 That decision was made as part of the auxiliary Engine 

15 Rule. So applying it to the main engines is legally I 

16 believe the same thing. 

17 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: I would like to endorse the 

18 SCAG proposal for electrification of rail and putting in 

19 place truck-only lanes as part of the strategy. 

20 Is that likely to happen or is that -- is the 

21 funding of that just so great that it's not likely to 

22 happen? 

23 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: Well, Dr. Sawyer, 

24 you'll have an opportunity to do that when the South Coast 

25 and SCAG plan comes to you in September. And the question 

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 1 you just asked is exactly what the region is examining 

 2 right now. And the reason the plan isn't here today is 

 3 that SCAG circulated its proposed measure for further 

 4 public comment. And there is some concern in the region 

 5 about priorities assigned to different projects, what gets 

 6 funded first, what happens if these very ambitious targets 

 7 aren't realized for those two projects and would it create 

 8 greater conformity jeopardy. 

 9 But SCAG's view is that because they are to be 

10 funding through tolls, that they are self-supporting and 

11 that it is viable, they're not relying on vast amounts of 

12 federal and state funding to accomplish them. But it's 

13 still a tricky proposition to get it up and off the 

14 ground. And many observers think it will -- if they're 

15 successful, they might take a little longer than 2014 to 

16 completely pull it off. 

17 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Is there anything that we 

18 can or should be doing to support that? 

19 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: Well, we were 

20 working closely with the Business and Transportation 

21 Housing Agency and with Caltrans on the priorities -- 

22 state priorities for goods movement. And we have 

23 consistently supported extensive -- excuse me -- additions 

24 to freight movement, because getting cargo off of trucks 

25 and on to trains is advantageous from an air quality 

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 1 perspective. So our general support of freight projects 

 2 would lend itself to these two. 

 3 I think the State of California has also been 

 4 very supportive of the 710 truckway and helping to relieve 

 5 congestion on that roadway. I believe it made the top 15 

 6 projects that the state was advocating in the final goods 

 7 movement and emission reduction plan -- or, excuse me -- 

 8 goods movement plan. 

 9 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: And, finally, in hearing the 

10 San Joaquin Valley plan last week, the use of operational 

11 controls was discussed. 

12 Are similar operational controls a good strategy 

13 for the South Coast? And I don't believe I saw anything 

14 like that mentioned. 

15 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: Between our two 

16 staffs, the only operational control we've discussed at 

17 any length is restricting boat use on summer high ozone 

18 days, the dirtier boats. But locally there hasn't been 

19 much discussion of operational controls. 

20 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: So is there an opportunity 

21 for using operational controls to assist in meeting the 

22 air quality requirements in the South Coast basin? 

23 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: I stand 

24 corrected. Mr. Cackette just whispered under his breath. 

25 We've also talked about fireplaces as a strategy 

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 1 to achieve the fine particle standard and to have a 

 2 moratorium on burning during the critical winter months to 

 3 avoid going over the standard. And the district has 

 4 proposed a partial restriction on fireplace use on 

 5 particulate episode days. And so that is part of their 

 6 local strategy. 

 7 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Fine. Thank you very much. 

 8 Dr. Gong. 

 9 BOARD MEMBER GONG: Just a follow-up question. 

10 Could you show slide 60 again. 

11 Thank you. 

12 Obviously NOx is a major problem. And looking at 

13 the slide, I'd like to ask this perhaps naive question. 

14 The new technology measures are measures that are not yet 

15 realized but we anticipate? Is that the general 

16 understanding about that? 

17 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: That's right. 

18 For example, in off-road mobile sources it would be Tier 5 

19 standards, which don't exist today. We have Tier 4 that 

20 we're seeking to implement through the Construction Rule. 

21 But we would need another round of technology beyond Tier 

22 4. 

23 BOARD MEMBER GONG: And is this anticipated 

24 technology 90 percent assured or with confidence or 50 or 

25 what? 

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 1 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: Nothing is 

 2 assured. We have to analyze over the next several years 

 3 what are the likeliest prospects for technological 

 4 development and then pour our energies into bringing those 

 5 into commercialization so that we can close this gap. 

 6 BOARD MEMBER GONG: Right. I guess I'm thinking 

 7 back on other examples of where anticipated technology did 

 8 not develop as anticipated, and we had a shortfall on 

 9 certain things. And here I see it's a significant part of 

10 the pie, 30 percent. So that gives me a little bit of an 

11 edgy feeling. 

12 And I think Tom would like to pitch in. 

13 CHIEF DEPUTY EXECUTIVE OFFICER CACKETTE: I think 

14 there's a range of from comfort to edgy feeling in this 

15 case. In the case of putting catalysts on outboards, 

16 which is one of the things that we discussed here as an 

17 advanced technology. You know, that's probably fairly 

18 probable that that will be successful. If you're talking 

19 about whether we can come up with, you know, a Tier 5 

20 truck or a Tier 5 off-road piece of equipment or can we 

21 have 50 percent of the vehicles be battery electrics or 

22 plug-in hybrid electrics with all electric range, you 

23 know, those are more speculative at this point. 

24 BOARD MEMBER GONG: I get the impression, perhaps 

25 naively again, that the more money we can put into that 29 

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 1 percent to support new technology, the higher the 

 2 confidence we would have, I would assume. 

 3 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: Well, there's a 

 4 combination of things. Certainly money going into 

 5 technological innovation helps. That category also 

 6 includes sources we never regulated because it would cost 

 7 too much. Either they were categories exempted out or 

 8 small users exempted out. And so money allows you to go 

 9 back and scoop up every last unit that our rules didn't 

10 capture. So that's part of it. 

11 BOARD MEMBER GONG: Okay. Well, I believe in 

12 technology, believe me. But we'll see. 

13 Thank you. 

14 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Supervisor Hill. 

15 SUPERVISOR HILL: Thank you, Mr. Chair. 

16 Looking at and following up on Dr. Gong's 

17 question. The 241 tons per day issue of slide 60, the new 

18 technology measures, if you took the South Coast suggested 

19 measures -- and is there a way to quantify the tons per 

20 day NOx reductions of those items if we were to implement 

21 every one of those? 

22 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: Their proposed 

23 measures are for 2014. And so looking out by 2023 we have 

24 most of those tons with the rate of turnover we've already 

25 committed you to adopting in the Construction Rule, the 

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 1 Truck Rule, the Goods Movement Rule. There might be some 

 2 as we go farther out. But we'd have to go back and 

 3 calculate the -- 

 4 DEPUTY EXECUTIVE OFFICER TERRY: The additional 

 5 tons are roughly 70 according to the District's 

 6 accounting. 

 7 SUPERVISOR HILL: Seventy? 

 8 DEPUTY EXECUTIVE OFFICER TERRY: Seventy tons a 

 9 month. 

10 No, in 2014. 

11 Oh. 

12 No. We haven't carried -- as Katherine 

13 indicated, those are 2014 tons. And then we would have 

14 achieved those. It's essentially early reductions, early 

15 acceleration. So we project those in the base line for 

16 2023 already, take them into account. 

17 SUPERVISOR HILL: Thank you. 

18 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Okay. Any other questions? 

19 Supervisor Case. 

20 BOARD MEMBER CASE: Mr. Chairman, just a couple 

21 of questions. 

22 And I'm glad we're all focusing on that one slide 

23 that shows that there's anticipation for new technology. 

24 That was one of the most controversial components of the 

25 San Joaquin Valley proposal, was the fact that deadlines 

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 1 had to be pushed back. And it sounds like South Coast is 

 2 on the same trajectory, basically, to end up doing the 

 3 same thing. I do understand part of that is because of 

 4 the methodology used by the EPA as to which category 

 5 different air basins engines were placed initially into. 

 6 But again, I think we really need to be as 

 7 focused as possible to move forward some of those emission 

 8 reductions. South Coast certainly sounds concerned in 

 9 some of the suggestions. 

10 I did pick up -- one of the suggestions was 

11 requiring electrification of airports. That was one of 

12 our discussions yesterday in terms of reduction of carbon 

13 emission. And I still am conflicted that I -- I would 

14 like to revisit that because I think we need to be more 

15 broad in our basis. 

16 But that being said, is there anything in the 

17 South Coast proposals that would be improvements both for 

18 South Coast and for the San Joaquin Valley that we might 

19 be able to bring forward? Because, again, the timing 

20 issue is really important for folks. And if you have a 

21 problem breathing, it's even more important, because today 

22 is an important day that you can breathe well. And folks 

23 are concerned about having too long of a period of time in 

24 which that may be even more harmful to their health. 

25 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: All of the South 

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 1 Coast suggestions are accelerations of what staff has 

 2 proposed. And as Mr. Scheible and Mr. Cackette went over, 

 3 for some of them we think they're not cost absorbable by 

 4 the affected industry, such as the acceleration of the 

 5 Construction Rule and of the Truck Rule. There is a 

 6 threshold at which those industries would be crushed. 

 7 For others, such as the dramatic expansion of 

 8 plug-in hybrids, we believe the technology is not there to 

 9 achieve 100,000 vehicle penetration before 2014. 

10 So we looked carefully at all of these measures 

11 before we brought you our SIP. And staff continues to 

12 believe you have before you the most aggressive plan in 

13 the world and the fastest achievable rate of progress 

14 given all of the constraints and all of the factors that 

15 we have to balance. 

16 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Professor Sperling. 

17 BOARD MEMBER SPERLING: I'm new to the SIP 

18 process, so perhaps I'm being naive. But I understand 

19 what we're talking about now is just the state activities 

20 to support the plan for the region; correct? 

21 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: That's correct. 

22 BOARD MEMBER SPERLING: So are we going to hear 

23 at some -- like in the suggested measures, there's nothing 

24 there and there's nothing that we've talked about that 

25 deals with travel, level of travel, level of usage of 

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 1 vehicles. And, you know, usually that would be a local 

 2 initiative. Are we going -- one, I guess, are we going to 

 3 hear about that at some point? Number two, are there some 

 4 things that can be done at the state level? You know, in 

 5 the old days, there were employer-based trip reduction 

 6 ordinances, there were these so called transportation 

 7 control measures where there was some state involvement in 

 8 that. There's now new initiatives with using information 

 9 technologies and telematics to reduce travel, you know, 

10 car sharing, smart paratransit type things. That would, 

11 you know, fall more under the jurisdiction of Caltrans, 

12 BTH. But perhaps -- are we ignoring something, I guess is 

13 my question, that we shouldn't be? 

14 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: No, Professor 

15 Sperling, those measures still exist at the local level 

16 and they are pursued primarily for congestion relief. As 

17 cars have become so dramatically cleaner, they pay off 

18 less and less in terms of NOx and ROG reductions. But 

19 they're still very much a part of local transportation 

20 management and they're imbedded in SCAG's overall 

21 conformity analysis and plan. 

22 And we were asked by the Chairman many times over 

23 the last several months could transportation control 

24 measures make the difference? And we showed him the 

25 numbers aren't there on the passenger vehicle side. There 

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 1 is a question of what can you do on the heavy-duty side, 

 2 the freight movement side, to ease congestion, to reduce 

 3 emissions, to move freight on to railways. And that is 

 4 the focus of the administration's goods movement plan and 

 5 goods movement investments, to speed velocity, which 

 6 happily reduces emissions at the same time. 

 7 BOARD MEMBER SPERLING: I would degree with what 

 8 you just said. I would add though that there's another 

 9 co-benefit and that's greenhouse gas reduction as well. 

10 And I appreciate that, in that certainly by 2014 you're 

11 not going to have much effect. By 2023 I would suggest 

12 there could be some effect. You know, the Sacramento 

13 Blueprint Plan has roughly I believe a 10 or 15 percent 

14 reduction in VMT as a result of their land-use 

15 transportation plan. And I think now with the increased 

16 focus on greenhouse gases, there's going to be new 

17 initiatives. So while there might not be gains in the 

18 next few years, you know, we're in this for the long haul. 

19 And, you know, it's kind of like what I think Chairman 

20 Sawyer said yesterday about President Kennedy planting a 

21 tree. 

22 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: You're absolutely 

23 right. And on Wednesday I attended a Caltrans symposium 

24 that was all about greenhouse gas emissions and 

25 transportation planning. And so the state is reaching out 

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 1 to local governments and planning organizations to say, 

 2 "We need you to do VMT reductions all over again." And 

 3 the Air Resources Board is getting reengaged because there 

 4 are CO2 emissions from the land-use patterns and 

 5 transportation patterns. 

 6 But, again, for ROG and NOx it almost makes no 

 7 difference now with how clean the cars are. 

 8 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: I would like to move to the 

 9 testimony phase now, if we can, please. 

10 In repetition of the earlier announcement, 

11 translation services are available in Spanish for those 

12 who need it. Headsets are available at the back of the 

13 hearing room. 

14 And in Spanish from our translator. Sorry for 

15 not warning you. 

16 (Thereupon the announcement was translated into 

17 Spanish.) 

18 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

19 The first three witnesses are Lieutenant Governor 

20 Garamendi, Mayor Pulido, and Council Member Perry. 

21 Lieutenant Governor Garamendi. 

22 Thank you very much for joining us, Lieutenant 

23 Governor. 

24 LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR GARAMENDI: Mr. Chairman and 

25 members of the Board. Thank you very much for the 

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 1 opportunity to appear before you and to share with you my 

 2 thoughts based upon considerable years of experience in 

 3 this entire area. 

 4 You have awesome responsibilities that are paired 

 5 with commensurate authority. Your responsibilities are, 

 6 in my view, very clear, to protect and improve air quality 

 7 in the State of California and to reduce greenhouse gases. 

 8 And your authority permits you to do so now and with 

 9 haste. 

10 Previous actions by this Board have led to 

11 significant improvements in California's air quality. 

12 However, other actions by the Board over its history are 

13 responsible for blocking the production of zero-emission 

14 electric vehicles. And your recent delay in air quality 

15 standards in the Central Valley will result in more asthma 

16 and other health problems. 

17 Today you also will face a choice: Significantly 

18 strengthening air quality standards and reducing 

19 greenhouse gases or delaying strong action that our public 

20 and global health demand. 

21 I urge you to take strong action immediately to 

22 deal with the air quality and greenhouse gases issues here 

23 in the State of California. 

24 Yesterday as required by AB 32 you discussed the 

25 immediate actions necessary to reduce greenhouse gases. 

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 1 And it appears to me that you have failed to achieve much. 

 2 There would be a serious problem for public health and 

 3 global health if today's results are also meager. 

 4 These issues are of utmost importance to every 

 5 person living in the State of California and, indeed, on 

 6 this globe. Our position as the major emitter of 

 7 greenhouse gases in the United States and ranking high in 

 8 the world, as well as other elements that cause the 

 9 deterioration of air quality in our state and neighboring 

10 areas, must be dealt with. And I urge you to take the 

11 strong and decisive actions to address these problems 

12 today, not tomorrow or some day in the future. 

13 Specifically, today you're dealing with issues of 

14 air quality for the State of California, and you have 

15 before you two plans: One presented by the South Coast 

16 Air Quality Management District and the other your own 

17 plan for the state. 

18 It's my opinion that you should immediately adopt 

19 the South Coast District's plan in total. This plan would 

20 position the air basins of southern California to meet the 

21 federal EPA standards and save as many as 5,000 lives per 

22 year that might otherwise be lost prematurely to the 

23 effect of particles in the air. 

24 The South Coast Plan not only provides for a 

25 larger reduction in particulates. It also provides you 

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 1 with the flexibility that you will need in the days and 

 2 months ahead. 

 3 As implementation proceeds, you will have the 

 4 ability to fine-tune the proposals to meet reductions in 

 5 particulate matter for trucks, locomotives, ships, and 

 6 off-road vehicles of all kinds. And they create some 80 

 7 percent of the particulate problem here in the South Coast 

 8 Basin. 

 9 So you have a chance. Should you adopt the AQMD 

10 proposal to adopt a higher standard with greater 

11 reductions in particulates and still have the flexibility 

12 necessary to fine-tune the total system? If you adopt the 

13 statewide plan as presented rather than South Coast plan, 

14 you will unlikely meet the federal EPA standards and would 

15 further delay implementing measures which can save lives 

16 much more immediately. This delay will allow continuing 

17 increases in particulate matter in the air and a 

18 corresponding increase in the number of suffering children 

19 with asthma and other health problems. 

20 Therefore, it is my recommendation that you do 

21 two things: Adopt the South Coast plan immediately and 

22 work aggressively to strengthen the statewide plan. 

23 Now, if adoption today is not possible, for some reason 

24 that escapes me, an acceptable alternative would be to 

25 delay no more than 60 days for the purpose of combining 

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 1 the two plans, the South Coast and the state plan. The 

 2 60-day delay may be tolerable. But not achieving the goal 

 3 of cleaning up the air and making our state healthier as 

 4 soon as possible is intolerable for the health and the 

 5 economic future of the state. 

 6 I also want to point out to you that your efforts 

 7 to meet AB 32 requirements would be advanced by adopting 

 8 the South Coast plan as well as strengthening the 

 9 statewide plan. With this approach, two critical 

10 problems, particulates and greenhouse gases, can be 

11 addressed simultaneously if you adopt a solid, 

12 responsible, strict plan that moves us aggressively 

13 towards reducing both particulates and greenhouse gases. 

14 Finally, with regard to off-road construction 

15 equipment and agricultural equipment, I know there's been 

16 much discussion about the impossibility of meeting the 

17 statewide plan by 2020. That may be debatable, and it may 

18 also be true. But I think you can achieve most of the 

19 particulate reduction by very carefully calibrating the 

20 goals and the metrics to achieve the maximum 

21 implementation with Tier 1, 2, and 3, and apparently as 

22 necessary delaying the Tier 4 until a later date. 

23 In the future when the new engines become 

24 available -- and I suspect they'll be more available if 

25 you set a tighter schedule -- Tier 4 should be implemented 

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 1 as quickly as feasible, forcing the construction and 

 2 agricultural fleets to turn over more rapidly than they 

 3 might otherwise. This strategy may achieve the maximum 

 4 benefit in the early stages with the least disruption and 

 5 the greatest mitigation of cost. 

 6 Finally, if you adopt the South Coast plan now 

 7 and work aggressively to strengthen the state plan, you 

 8 will leave yourselves the flexibility you will need in the 

 9 months ahead to fine-tune these proposals and best meet 

10 the health, environmental, and economic needs of our 

11 state. Most importantly, you will continue California's 

12 leadership in addressing two extremely critical problems: 

13 Climate change and air quality. 

14 I thank you very much for this opportunity to 

15 appear before you. I know you have a hard task ahead of 

16 you. And I know you're up to protecting the State of 

17 California and its citizens. Thank you very much. 

18 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you for coming to our 

19 meeting this morning. 

20 LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR GARAMENDI: Thank you. 

21 (Applause.) 

22 BOARD MEMBER KENNARD: I had a clarification from 

23 staff. I wanted to make sure that I understood correctly 

24 that the South Coast plan is not before us today, that in 

25 fact we will be taking that up later this fall, and that 

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 1 there were some technical work that still had to be done 

 2 particularly with the PM2.5. 

 3 EXECUTIVE OFFICER WITHERSPOON: That is correct, 

 4 Ms. Kennard. However, what is before you are suggested 

 5 South Coast modifications to our plan. 

 6 BOARD MEMBER KENNARD: Thank you. 

 7 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Mayor Pulido. 

 8 MAYOR PULIDO: Thank you, Mr. Chair and Board 

 9 members. 

10 When you look at all of these numbers and what it 

11 all means, I think we have some real problems here. If 

12 you look at PM2.5 and you ask yourself of all the people 

13 in the United States, what percentage resides here in 

14 southern California that face this very high, very 

15 dangerous level of toxicity? Unfortunately, that number 

16 is 51 percent. Fifty-one percent of all the people in the 

17 country that are exposed to this dangerous level of toxic 

18 air that we breathe every day live right here in southern 

19 California in our air basin. 

20 So as we try to figure out what to do about it, 

21 we at the air district -- South Coast Air Quality 

22 Management District are very frustrated because we know we 

23 need to do more. And the how to do more becomes very, 

24 very imperative and important to us. 

25 In a neighboring city in Orange County -- I 

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 1 represent the City of Santa Ana. In Anaheim recently the 

 2 mayor called me and he said, "Miguel, there's a train 

 3 that's been parked there for 72 hours and it's idling 

 4 right next to residences. And it's emitting particulate 

 5 matter and your people are calling complaining, 'What can 

 6 you do?'" 

 7 Well, you know, it's a mobile source, even though 

 8 to me a train that's parked for 72 hours is not very 

 9 mobile. It's a real problem. So what we've done is we've 

10 embarked on a lawsuit. And we're going to appeal this to 

11 the Supreme Court if we have to, because we need to do 

12 more with railroads and technology that they use because 

13 they're in our air basin consistently. 

14 You look at the ports. They're going to go 300 

15 percent between now and the year 2020. What is that going 

16 to mean? Not just our streets and our freeways and our 

17 railroads, but to the air that we believe. You know, air 

18 is just so fundamental, and maintaining clean air is our 

19 mission and we have to work together in order to 

20 accomplish that. 

21 Now, I want to, you know, thank Board Member 

22 Kennard and Chairman Sawyer, because -- you know, we got 

23 into a series of meetings and I think they were 

24 productive. Our work is not done. But, you know, between 

25 SCAG, yourselves and ourselves, we really got into a lot 

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 1 more detail I believe than we initially envisioned. 

 2 Nonetheless, we're not there yet, not by a long shot. I 

 3 know you're, you know, offering some reduction. But, you 

 4 know, according to everything we can ascertain, we're 

 5 about 49 tons short of where we need to be. 

 6 And I just want to tell you that these decisions 

 7 are tough. But if in any area you can see your way to 

 8 allowing us to embark in those decisions, we would be 

 9 willing as the South Coast Air Quality Management District 

10 to come up with stricter rules, tougher standards, weather 

11 it's, you know, develop in-use fleet rules for private or 

12 public fleets, whether it's working more aggressively at 

13 the ports to -- you know, not to do the study on whether 

14 or not the fuel they use is going to impact us -- I can 

15 tell you it impacts us -- to work immediately with them to 

16 require that as ships come into this air basin, they begin 

17 to burn cleaner fuel. 

18 I was, you know, honored to recently be able to 

19 talk to the U.S. Ambassador -- or the Republic -- Chinese 

20 Ambassador to the U.S. And when I told him about what's 

21 going on here in southern California, he says, "Look, we'd 

22 be happy to work with you to immediately begin to try to 

23 burn cleaner fuel in all the ships that come from China." 

24 And that's the type of discussion we need to engage in 

25 immediately. Because if not -- you know, we know people 

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 1 are dying in this air basin. We all know somebody that 

 2 has cancer. And whereas we can't say, well, it was caused 

 3 by this or by that, we can show you that right along the 

 4 freeways, right along the major routes of transit and 

 5 transport the rates are much higher. And it's not just in 

 6 one area. We can go right down through the entire air 

 7 basin where you can look at the data, we can do the 

 8 correlation, and it's not a pretty picture. 

 9 So, you know, please allow us to work with you. Please 

10 allow us to continue to meet, to continue to try to figure 

11 this out, because it is a daunting task but it's a task 

12 that I believe working together we can address. And I 

13 believe that we're different from San Joaquin, we're 

14 different from San Diego or the Bay Area. Here in 

15 southern California, we just have problems that are more 

16 severe, and we need I believe approaches that are more 

17 aggressive. 

18 Thank you for listening. 

19 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you very much, Mayor. 

20 (Applause.) 

21 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: I would like to ask Senator 

22 Cedillo if he would like to talk to us now. Thank you. 

23 SENATOR CEDILLO: Good morning. I want to be 

24 really simple and attach myself to the comments of the 

25 Mayor and of the Lieutenant Governor. 

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 1 I don't need to talk to you about the science or 

 2 the challenges that confronts us. You're well aware of 

 3 those. I simply want to talk to you about the process of 

 4 making decisions and choices. The decisions and the 

 5 choices that we're asking to do are challenge, daunting. 

 6 A lot of complexity to them, very difficult. A lot of 

 7 things come into balance, a lot of matters need to be 

 8 weighed. But I would ask you and argue that for us the 

 9 most important decision is really, how do we conduct and 

10 make decisions that are consistent with our ethics, with 

11 our morals? What is the bottom line? What is the golden 

12 rule here? At the end of the day, what is the result of 

13 the decisions we make, and do they better our community? 

14 And I would suggest to you, do they better our community? 

15 Not just in those very vital business interests, because 

16 we have to be thoughtful about that. We have to be 

17 considerate. I read the articles this morning. We must 

18 be balanced. But that balance really must be on, what is 

19 in the best interests of the people? How do we serve 

20 their health, their quality of life, what is it that 

21 results at the end of the day? 

22 As Mayor Pulido said, we know that the quality of 

23 life is impacted and impaired in certain environments, 

24 certain circumstances. You don't need to be told about 

25 the demographics of the region. What you do have here, a 

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 1 district that's coming to you saying, "Do more and enable 

 2 us to do more." And that's compelling. And I have -- 

 3 with my colleagues everyday as we are at the point in 

 4 Sacramento of making tough decisions, on homelessness, on 

 5 whether or not immigrants can drive. And, by the way, if 

 6 we would let immigrants drive, I could suggest to you that 

 7 our air would be cleaner. More -- up to 20 percent of the 

 8 pollution is caused because immigrants have to drive older 

 9 cars, the most polluting. If we let them drive legally, 

10 they would buy new cars and the most efficient cars. And 

11 at least 20 percent of our air would be cleaner. I'm not 

12 a scientist but it's kind of simple math if you think 

13 about it. But that's a different issue. I'm not here -- 

14 I'm deviating. I'm sorry. 

15 But the point is this, is that we have -- you 

16 have tough decisions to make, and I respect that. But let 

17 me say to you and suggest to you that if you make the 

18 decisions at the end of the day that are in the best 

19 interests of the common person, the Californian who's come 

20 here, who simply is seeking a better life and just simply 

21 wants to work and have a better life and a better quality 

22 of life -- at the end of the day if your decision take us 

23 there, it's a decision you'll feel better about and it's a 

24 decision that will be better for the people of California, 

25 including all the interests that you have to weigh. 

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 1 And I thank you for your time, your 

 2 consideration, your courage, and your leadership. Thank 

 3 you so much. 

 4 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you very much. 

 5 (Applause.) 

 6 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Council Member Perry. And 

 7 then we'll have Dr. Burke, Supervisor Ovitt, and Mark 

 8 Pisano. 

 9 MS. HASHMI: Good morning. My name's Kiran 

10 Hashmi. I'm here on behalf of Councilwoman Jan Perry. 

11 She had to leave to Chair the Los Angeles City Council 

12 this morning in downtown L.A. at 10 a.m. 

13 Councilwoman is the Chair of the Energy 

14 Environment Committee for the City of Los Angeles. She's 

15 also a Governing Board Member of the South Coast Air 

16 Quality Management District. I will now read her 

17 statement. 

18 "I'm here today to strongly urge the California 

19 Air Resources Board to support the 2007 Air Quality 

20 Management Plan to strengthen the State Strategy and 

21 commit to additional emission reductions from mobile 

22 sources. The body of evidences is very clear that the 

23 widespread respiratory illness in this region is traceable 

24 to emissions from mobile sources. 

25 "Research has already shown that fine particulate 

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 1 matter in the South Coast Basin is responsible for 

 2 thousands of deaths and hospitalizations every year due to 

 3 respiratory illnesses. Our residents are exposed to a 

 4 high percentage of damaging levels of particulate 

 5 pollution. 

 6 "The State Implementation Plan is our best 

 7 opportunity to support a new kind of urban infrastructure. 

 8 It is an opportunity to make clear-cut progress towards a 

 9 cleaner Los Angeles. 

10 "Your mobile source strategy is a policy of real 

11 power. It will be the strength behind our attainment 

12 drive in the South Coast for the next five to seven years. 

13 It is crucial that you include more stringent control 

14 measures for mobile source pollution, as it is a major 

15 offender when it comes to hazardous air pollution. 

16 "The health of our residents should be at the 

17 foremost of our considerations. This is why I urge you to 

18 in longer delay the adoption of the 2007 AQMP and that you 

19 tighten your State Strategy to attain federal cleaner 

20 standards. We ask that you reject half measures and take 

21 action that sends a clear message that you are serious 

22 about not allowing mobile sources to bring us to a 

23 standstill in our fight against air pollution. Send a 

24 message that your Board deserves its reputation as a clean 

25 air pathfinder. 

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 1 "With your lead we can reach the federal 

 2 health-based clean-air standard, clearly demonstrating 

 3 our commitment for a clean and healthier future. 

 4 "Thank you." 

 5 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

 6 (Applause.) 

 7 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Dr. Burke. 

 8 And I would like to begin to enforce the 

 9 three-minute rule because we have a very large number of 

10 speakers today. 

11 Thank you, Dr. Burke. 

12 DR. BURKE: Thank you. And I will be as brief as 

13 possible, because I think that Mayor Pulido and the 

14 Lieutenant Governor covered a great deal of the ground 

15 that I wanted to cover. 

16 You know, we have two actions we'd like to call 

17 on you to do, if you would. Obviously one is to add the 

18 49 additional tons after you take off the 14 of NOx 

19 reduction to your State Mobile Source Strategy on a 

20 schedule to achieve these reductions by 2014. 

21 Alternately, and only if you choose to take that 

22 action, we ask that you delay your approval of the State 

23 Mobile Source Strategy until you conduct a rescheduled 

24 hearing of the South Coast AQMP. You will be able to give 

25 a fair consideration to the California air basin with the 

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 1 most urgent public health problem, and you can avoid what 

 2 might be to the public a predetermined perception of the 

 3 AQMP hearing this fall, handicapped by a predetermined 

 4 mobile source strategy. 

 5 I think that -- I was almost amazed to hear that 

 6 the staff of CARB thinks that our suggestions are just an 

 7 acceleration of the CARB staff rules. I think that if you 

 8 take the time, have our AQMP hearing -- EPA says that you 

 9 don't need to adopt this till August so you won't put San 

10 Joaquin in jeopardy -- I think you'll find that we have 

11 some suggestions that you might find very beneficial to 

12 moving the air quality improvement in southern California. 

13 Thank you. 

14 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

15 (Applause.) 

16 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Supervisor Ovitt. 

17 SUPERVISOR OVITT: Thank you, Chairman Sawyer and 

18 Board. It's indeed a pleasure to be here today. 

19 I come from San Bernardino County, and we have 

20 really some of the worst air that is in the South Coast 

21 Basin, is what we live in each and every day. I've lived 

22 there for 60 years, so I have the accumulation of that 

23 that I breathe each and every day. 

24 I'm also -- as well as being a member of the 

25 South Coast Air Quality Management District Board, I'm 

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 1 also the President of SCAG for this particulate year. And 

 2 I come to, as a representative of both of those 

 3 organizations and of course of my San Bernardino County, 

 4 to let you know how important this particular issue is to 

 5 us. 

 6 We live and breathe this air each and every day. 

 7 It's not just a number on a pie chart, number on a slide. 

 8 But it in fact is the quality of life that we are 

 9 subjected to as the result of these emissions. 

10 My daughter is now in college. But when she was 

11 in elementary school, the freeway was right next door to 

12 the elementary school and to the fields outside where they 

13 played. So we do live it, we breathe it. We understand 

14 the health impacts. 

15 As a member of SCAG, let me tell you that the 

16 concern of course is that not only is this -- are these 

17 impacts in health, but these are also impacts in regards 

18 to non-attainment. And non-attainment could mean federal 

19 sanctions, which might mean that we would lose out on 

20 federal dollars in regards to the needs that we have for 

21 transportation and other issues in the southern California 

22 region. And let me tell you -- and I'm sure you 

23 understand -- because of the goods movement, we have 

24 tremendous transportation issues and congestion issues 

25 that we have to overcome. Certainly, these exacerbate the 

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 1 issue of air quality and at the same time they exacerbate 

 2 the issues of quality of life and commuting in this fine 

 3 region that we live. 

 4 In addition to that, certainly we do have a 

 5 tremendous exposure of course to the PM2.5 and that 

 6 affects us each and everyday. 

 7 For the first time, I might add, there has been a 

 8 real marriage between the South Coast Air Quality 

 9 Management District and the Southern California 

10 Association of Governments. We don't always degree on 

11 issues. We are standing shoulder to shoulder on this 

12 issue. We are here today as a member of SCAG -- as the 

13 President of SCAG, I am here to let you know that we stand 

14 shoulder to shoulder. We would ask that you would look at 

15 and consider both the 2007 AQMP plan as well as the 

16 Strategy together. We would encourage you to adopt the 

17 South Coast Air Quality Management District plan that has 

18 been put forward. 

19 We have health risks that we do not care to 

20 endure any longer. We would ask that you keep our health 

21 in mind as you make this very important decision. We know 

22 it's tough and it does require some courage on your part. 

23 But we know you stand ready for the task. 

24 And we thank you very much for your time. 

25 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

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 1 (Applause.) 

 2 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Mr. Pisano. And then we'll 

 3 have Dennis Yates, Council Member Aguilar, and Council 

 4 Member Messina. 

 5 MR. PISANO: Mr. Chairman and members of the 

 6 Board. Thank you for providing this region an opportunity 

 7 to appear before you to present our plan. And also thank 

 8 you for the cooperative effort that you've demonstrated in 

 9 working as Board members and staff in the three-agency 

10 process to address the difficult issues in front of you. 

11 With respect to the difficulty of the issues, let 

12 me just note, by way of history, I have participated as an 

13 executive member on every air plan prepared in our basin, 

14 including, I might add, as a member of the EPA staff that 

15 prepared the 1975 plan that was promulgated by the 

16 administrator. I have never in all my career seen a plan 

17 that's more difficult and more important to the residents 

18 of this region. 

19 The health impacts that your Board has -- studies 

20 that your Board has brought forward as well as the 

21 research of our local universities have indicated that the 

22 pollutant that we're most concerned about in these plans 

23 is for sure harmful, detrimental to the health of our 

24 region in a way that no other plan has really 

25 demonstrated. That awareness has caused our region, its 

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 1 elected officials, to be more than sensitive and more than 

 2 supportive of immediate and absolute controls. 

 3 In the three-agency meeting at the staff level, 

 4 it was noted the difficulty of reducing this pollutant, 

 5 both in the years 2014 and in the year 2023. At that 

 6 meeting I noted to the staffs that this was going to 

 7 require extraordinary leadership in order for us to deal 

 8 with the pollutant that needs to be controlled, that 

 9 mainly has been uncontrolled for many decades, to reduce 

10 these health impacts. 

11 Upon reporting to my board, they said both the 

12 indicated shortfall in pollutants both for the -- both 

13 time periods, they noted to me, "Let's put on the table 

14 what we can to meet that leadership challenge." 

15 Let me just note the measures we put forward are 

16 our best effort to do so. Those measures are not in 

17 substitute for your measures. We need your measures and 

18 we need more, if you can see the tonnage requirements. 

19 Therefore, our measures should be no reason for you to -- 

20 our reasons not being fully developed should be no reason 

21 for you to delay your action today. 

22 I wholeheartedly and my board wholeheartedly 

23 supports the request of Dr. Burke that the additional tons 

24 be added to your plan today and that we work out the 

25 remaining issues when our plan comes forward to you for 

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 1 deliberations. 

 2 We thank you for your consideration. And, Dr. 

 3 Sawyer, the best thing that you can do to help our 

 4 measures is to backstop them. 

 5 Thank you. 

 6 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you very much. 

 7 (Applause.) 

 8 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Mr. Yates. 

 9 MR. YATES: Thank you, Mr. Chairman, Board 

10 members. My name is Dennis Yates. I'm the Mayor of the 

11 City of Chino. I'm a board member of the South Coast Air 

12 Quality Management District. I represent the cities in 

13 San Bernardino County. I also sit on the Admin Committee, 

14 the Technology Committee, the Refinery Committee, and I 

15 Chair the Stationary Committee. 

16 I am very concerned that you are deciding the 

17 state's mobile source control path without having the 2007 

18 AQMP for South Coast before you at the same public 

19 hearing. A weak mobile source plan could do more harm 

20 than good. This could also lead to imposing an additional 

21 cleanup burden on already strictly controlled stationary 

22 sources. 

23 Over many years your Board, our air district, and 

24 our many stakeholders have collaborated to build a long 

25 and successful track record. Together, we've set world 

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 1 realized technology, forcing standards, and achieved 

 2 dramatic results; while our goal of healthful air 

 3 continues to allude us. 

 4 Here in 2007 we cannot wait more decades to reach 

 5 a public health goal that dictates life or death for 

 6 thousands of people each year. That is close to me. Five 

 7 days ago my family was informed our 12-year-old niece who 

 8 lives in Van Nuys is just diagnosed with Stage 4 Hodgkin's 

 9 lymphoma cancer in her lungs. 

10 That's why we urgently need this mobile source 

11 strategy to step up and flex more muscle. The South Coast 

12 Board continues to believe very strongly that financial 

13 responsibility for air pollution should rest with the 

14 sources that create the pollution. 

15 The South Coast supplementary mobile source 

16 measures are intended to reemphasize two principles: Push 

17 technology; and polluters must bear their fair share of 

18 the cleanup effort. Our proposed control measures are 

19 intended to supplement CARB's strategy. Our agencies are 

20 in overall agreement on where we should aim, which is 

21 toward cleaner fleets. 

22 Where we differ is how clean and how quickly. 

23 For the past three decades in the South Coast, or more 

24 than 80 days each year, millions of South Coast residents 

25 have been exposed to levels of particulate and smog that 

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 1 are way over federal standards. 

 2 As this doesn't include their exposure to air 

 3 toxics, this health emergency is what drives our sense of 

 4 urgency. 

 5 The State Mobile Source Strategy is a powerful 

 6 opportunity for leapfrogging instead of taking baby steps. 

 7 When we look at the NOx reductions we need to 

 8 meet the national ozone standard, it's almost 

 9 jaw-dropping. We must cut NOx 76 percent, or we trigger 

10 automatic federal sanctions. 

11 The clean up task is huge. So above and beyond 

12 everything on the books, there is no margin for errors. 

13 Yet, at the same time, not achieving our goal is 

14 unthinkable. Together, we need to get down to hard and 

15 firm actions at a stepped-up pace so that our suggested 

16 supplemental measures call for firmer reduction targets at 

17 a stiffened pace. 

18 South Coast faces a risky tactical marathon 

19 towards clean air. If we are limited to a slow start here 

20 at the outset, we could fail to finish our difficult run 

21 towards federal standards. 

22 We ask you to work in partnership with us to 

23 avoid that mistake and include stronger measures in your 

24 State Strategy. 

25 Thank you, Mr. Chairman. 

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 1 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

 2 Councilmember Aguilar. 

 3 COUNCILMEMBER AGUILAR: Good afternoon. My name 

 4 is Joe Aguilar, recently elected to the City Council in 

 5 the city of Commerce. 

 6 The city of Commerce is surrounded by freeways 

 7 and railroad yards. We're probably one of the most 

 8 polluted areas. 

 9 And having worked in the park and recreation 

10 field -- I started about 42 years ago. And I remember the 

11 kids coming out to the parks and just playing pick-up 

12 games, softball games. You name it, the kids were out on 

13 the field. As the years went on, I saw less and less of 

14 these kids coming out and just having pick-up games. Now 

15 I'm wondering, well, maybe it's the air that they're 

16 breathing. We see individuals spending more time inside 

17 watching TV, playing inside of our facilities rather than 

18 outside. 

19 I think if all of you look at it, you know what I 

20 am saying. Our little kids are not out there on the 

21 fields. And why? Probably because they can't breathe 

22 properly. I remember at one time you would see 

23 individuals take a deep breath of air and actually feel 

24 good. You try that now, and you start choking. 

25 So I think we need stringent rules. We need you 

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 1 and all of the other organizations that are doing their 

 2 best to clean up our air. And we need to work as a team. 

 3 And the cities will do everything in their power to get 

 4 this message across to everybody. Thank you very much. 

 5 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

 6 Councilmember Messina, and then we'll have Mayor 

 7 Cacciotti, Tonia Reyes Uranga, and Mary Justice. 

 8 COUNCILMEMBER MESSINA: Good morning, Chairman 

 9 Sawyer and members of the Board. I am here on behalf of 

10 SCAG. I am a member of the Regional Council. I have been 

11 an elected official in the city of Alhambra for over 

12 20 years. Twelve years of those were on the City Council, 

13 and the last eight years I served as a School Board member 

14 for our school district. 

15 I'm here to address the health crisis that we are 

16 all realizing. And it's interesting, because 25 years 

17 ago, I started with this very same message. Because we 

18 have in our community the lack of a completed freeway that 

19 literally dumps right in front of one of our elementary 

20 schools. And we took our message to Washington. We took 

21 our message to Sacramento. And now in 2007, it's finally 

22 being listened to. 

23 We have an elementary school, Fremont, that I 

24 said where the 710, the trucks come off. It's not just 

25 cars. It's the trucks, the total 710 traffic coming into 

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 1 that particular area. 

 2 I have a letter here from our superintendent to 

 3 testify as to the quality of the air that our students 

 4 have been realizing. We have approximately 1100 students 

 5 who suffer from asthma. Seven-hundred of those students 

 6 are identified as severe to moderate allergic that also 

 7 affect their physical condition. We have tragically seen 

 8 three students succumb to cardiac respiratory illness 

 9 these last few years. In five years, we buried three 

10 fifth graders. I went to all three of those funerals. 

11 Those kids play on the playground where all of this air 

12 pollution from the freeway comes onto our streets. 

13 I have a letter here from Dr. Steven Wong who has 

14 been working with our school district for the past 

15 ten years. He's a renowned doctor dealing with asthma and 

16 respiratory problems. And his statement -- I won't read 

17 the whole letter. He says, "As a physician and parent, I 

18 would strongly recommend that all efforts be made to 

19 relieve the amount of mobile air pollution on the streets 

20 and highways. Hopefully with these changes, we can help 

21 our children to live healthier lives." 

22 I can't tell you during these past eight years 

23 being on the School Board how stressful it is for parents 

24 to send their kids to school every day and not know are 

25 they going to come home. 

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 1 Unless you've lost a child, you cannot appreciate 

 2 that kind of fear. I've lost a child. I know what that 

 3 trauma is like. 

 4 So I'm begging you to please adopt the South 

 5 Coast Air Quality's mobile sources. Because it is, as 

 6 Supervisor Case said, we can't afford to put this off any 

 7 longer. I beg of you, please, to support that. Thank 

 8 you. 

 9 I have letters also that our students from 

10 Fremont School wrote in 2000 to Governor Davis. And I 

11 would like to read one comment where the student says, "I 

12 walk to school. I cough so much because of the air." 

13 I'd be happy to turn these letters into you. 

14 These come from the kids themselves, not from us. 

15 Thank you. 

16 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

17 Mayor Cacciotti. 

18 MAYOR CACCIOTTI: Good morning, CARB members. 

19 Michael Cacciotti, Mayor of South Pasadena, one of the 

20 environmentally leading cities in the San Gabrielle Valley 

21 with Ms. Messina. 

22 Want to thank CARB for your proposed State 

23 Strategy for California today. It's implementation plan 

24 is a move the right direction. 

25 However, many of the mayors and leaders as you've 

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 1 heard already in the San Gabrielle Valley feel CARB should 

 2 go a little bit further today to strengthen their plan to 

 3 achieve these federal standards. 

 4 Ambient air quality, we need to attain it now, 

 5 not later. Here's the reasons why: The health of our 

 6 planet, the slow down of global warming, the health of our 

 7 families. As we know with the USC school, also UCLA, the 

 8 recent studies about effects on grandparents on elderly, 

 9 little kids, and especially now in women over 35, it gets 

10 in your arteries and actually slows it down. 

11 The health of our pets -- people talk so much 

12 about the health of people. What about our pets? If you 

13 talk to any veterinarian -- I brought my dogs in a few 

14 weeks ago -- they see even more of a severe impact on 

15 pets. I've talked to veterinarians who actually performed 

16 an autopsy and looked at the lungs of pets and what it's 

17 done to the pets. 

18 Our cities are right now actually having to 

19 implement measures ourselves. Just two months ago, the 

20 City of South Pasadena brought forth a low-emission 

21 vehicle policy for the entire San Gabrielle portion of Los 

22 Angeles County. That's 30 cities, unincorporated portions 

23 of Los Angeles County, and 385 square miles. Our 

24 low-emission vehicle policy, which essentially mandates 

25 the preference that every new vehicle you purchase should 

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 1 be low-emission clean air vehicles, was adopted 

 2 unanimously by the 31 cities in the San Gabrielle Valley. 

 3 Our citizens, we can no longer wait for the 

 4 federal government or CARB to act. We realize that 

 5 through energy diversity and a promotion of clean air 

 6 low-emission vehicles we can reduce our dependence on 

 7 foreign oil. And as a result of this specifically what 

 8 can happen? It improves our national defense, why, our 

 9 national security, because we're no longer spending 250 to 

10 $300 billion a year purchasing foreign oil. 

11 It improves their economic stability, because we 

12 can take that 250 to $300 billion looking at alternative 

13 type of fuels, alternative type of vehicles, clean air, 

14 compressed natural gas, hybrids, the next generation of 

15 plug-in hybrids, as you know, electric hydrogen fuel 

16 cells, we can take that $250 billion, invest it in local 

17 businesses, local economy. 

18 As I said before, also enhance the health of our 

19 citizens, people, and animals, and slow down the 

20 escalation global warming. 

21 I just returned about a month ago from my second 

22 trip to China this past year. First time I went, the 

23 environment, alternative fuel vehicles, emissions was not 

24 on their radar. Last time -- if I can finish, wrap it up. 

25 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Yes, please 

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 1 MAYOR CACCIOTTI: Yes, sir. 

 2 On the last trip, spoke to about seven or eight 

 3 different cities. And the mayor was removed from 

 4 Shanghai, but I spoke to the Communist party secretary. 

 5 Gave him our low-emission vehicle policy. There's been 

 6 180 degree turn in China. There's Sino Japanese, Sino 

 7 Russian, Sino German, multi-billion-dollar research joint 

 8 ventures studying alternative fuel vehicles, low-emission 

 9 vehicles, clean area vehicles. They're going to catch us 

10 and surpass us if we don't do something soon. 

11 Thank you so much for your time. 

12 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

13 Ms. Reyes Uranga. 

14 MS. REYES URANGA: My name is Tonia Reyes Uranga. 

15 I represent the eastern cities in L.A. County on the South 

16 Coast Air Quality Management District. But I also serve 

17 as a Council Member in the City of Long Beach which 

18 operates the Port of Long Beach. 

19 And I have to say I've never thought I would see 

20 the day where the port is proposing more aggressive 

21 measures than the State Board. It's incredible. 

22 And today, I'm here to speak in support of your 

23 inclusion of the South Coast AQMD's recommended measures 

24 in your mobile source strategy, especially those related 

25 to goods movement and freight operations. This would 

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 1 include expedited cleanup of heavy-duty on-road and 

 2 port-related trucks, cargo handling equipment, 

 3 locomotives, airport ground support equipment, transport 

 4 refrigeration units and diesel fuels. 

 5 I understand that these measures would demand 

 6 strong regulatory actions. But I believe that our 

 7 agencies and legislative partners can work together to 

 8 balance these control actions with innovative funding 

 9 mechanisms which include practical incentives such as tax 

10 credits, high volume buy-down programs, and compliance 

11 streamlining that can address potential cases of economic 

12 hardship. 

13 Several regions in California face common 

14 planning challenges as we try to reconcile growing goods 

15 movement operations alongside major metropolitan areas. 

16 But the route you choose will make a critical difference 

17 in the health impacts experienced by residents living in 

18 environmental justice areas. For them, your decision 

19 represents nothing less than fate by public policy. 

20 The ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles, for 

21 example, play tremendous economic roles in our region, our 

22 state, and our national economy and shipping gate ways and 

23 creators of jobs. But at the same time, ports and freight 

24 yards have serious air pollution impacts which adversely 

25 affect large regional populations. We cannot ask 

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 1 community members to wait patiently for while shipping 

 2 projects mushroom around them. 

 3 Emission cuts will demand significant resources, 

 4 and South Coast is already marshaling investment dollars 

 5 from both the public and private sectors. We have already 

 6 begun an ambitious new cleanup journey to help carry out 

 7 last year's San Pedro Bay Clean Air Action Plan. A less 

 8 than forceful State Strategy has the power to undercut the 

 9 potential gains of our port cleanup plan. And I want to 

10 say that again. A less than forceful State Strategy has 

11 the power to undercut the potential gains of our port 

12 cleanup plan. 

13 In contrast, leveraging the strength of a 

14 forceful State Plan we can, for example, achieve better 

15 economies of scale, as well as more consistent technical 

16 practices. We can identify common barriers to progress 

17 and issues of concern. And together, we can seek 

18 practical and innovative solutions. We're well aware some 

19 emission control measures can be relatively difficult. 

20 However, those are clearable hurdles, not permanent road 

21 blocks. 

22 That is why we're asking your State Mobile Source 

23 component to send a consistent unwavering message that can 

24 be heard by technology investors, infrastructure 

25 stakeholders, and most of all, the public that you're 

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 1 serious about meeting health standards and won't ask 

 2 Southern Californians to accept more years of chronic 

 3 bronchitis, cancer, heart and lung disease than we've 

 4 already suffered. 

 5 I ask that you fully exercise your power of 

 6 leadership. Please approve a mobile source strategy 

 7 worthy of your abilities, one that shows you've heard our 

 8 voices today. Thank you. 

 9 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

10 Ms. Justice, and then we will taking a ten-minute 

11 break for our court reporter. 

12 MS. JUSTICE: Thank you for hearing me speak. 

13 PM10 comes from clay in the soil as well as 

14 trucks. And it effects nine cities in the Coachella 

15 Valley. PM2.5 from habitat sources should be included as 

16 part of the total mobile source PM2.5 affecting people's 

17 health. Correlations with NOx, et cetera, are not 

18 adequate in some cases, because PM2.5 and 10 are not 

19 measured coming off of these habitat lands, at least in 

20 the western Coachella Valley in Riverside County. 

21 PM2.5 requirements do not apply to these habitat 

22 lands and do not protect the nine cities southeast of 

23 them. 

24 Now, in Riverside County's western Coachella 

25 Valley, there is a new $1.1 million acre habitat plan 

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 1 being considered which has thousands of acres of so-called 

 2 blow sand. The plan depends on strong winds to carry blow 

 3 sand, et cetera, to three preserves. These winds also 

 4 transport huge amounts of PM2.5 and PM10 200 to 400 feet 

 5 up in the air and over any kind of sand fences to the 

 6 populous southeast of the thousands of acres of blow sand 

 7 areas. 

 8 Soil samples measured by soils engineers and the 

 9 Army Corps of Engineers are up to 67 percent silt, which 

10 is PM10, and up to 18 percent clay, which is PM2.5. If PM 

11 2.5 were measured coming off that habitat, you could 

12 regulate how much additional acres of blow sand so-called 

13 are preserved versus lands that are developed. 

14 The proponents of the habitat plan explain away 

15 this excessive PM2.5 and PM10 as being made by humans 

16 disturbing the clay and silt, which they say is solidified 

17 and principally moved by water. An Army Corps of 

18 Engineers' report says 90 percent of the PM2.5 and 10 are 

19 borne by wind, not water. The new habitat plan would 

20 result in approximately 80 percent of the western 

21 Coachella Valley being controlled by various environmental 

22 purposes, all sources, private and agencies. The fact is 

23 obscured in their EIR for this habitat plan. Thank you. 

24 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you very much. And 

25 thank you for reminding us that PM2.5 is directly emitted 

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 1 and not entirely a NOx issue. 

 2 We will take a break at this time for ten 

 3 minutes. And when we return, the first three witnesses 

 4 will be Jane Carney, Fong Lee, and Sid Tyler. 

 5 (Thereupon a recess was taken.) 

 6 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: We will resume hearing from 

 7 our witnesses at this time. And I'd like to indicate that 

 8 we have probably about five or more hours of testimony 

 9 before us. So I will apply the three-minute rule very 

10 strictly. We will be of course hearing everybody who 

11 wants to speak to us. We will be receiving your testimony 

12 in the order that you have handed in your cards. And we 

13 will now resume with Ms. Carney. 

14 MS. CARNEY: Thank you very much, Dr. Sawyer and 

15 members of the Board. My name is Jane Carney. I'm in my 

16 second term as Senate Rules Committee appointee to the 

17 South Coast Air Quality Management District Board, and I'm 

18 also a resident of the city of Riverside. For 25 years, I 

19 lived within one mile of the famous or infamous Rubidoux 

20 monitoring station. So we know about air quality 

21 problems. 

22 You know, where I live, we've never achieved the 

23 PM10 standard. So when I hear staff's presentation that 

24 we will, in fact, achieve PM2.5 on time, I hope that's 

25 right. But I feel very strongly that we need to take all 

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 1 the steps necessary to ensure that actually happens. AQMD 

 2 staff disagrees with that assessment and thinks additional 

 3 measures need to be taken in order to reach PM2.5 

 4 attainment. 

 5 I'd also like to just explain that while part of 

 6 my passion about this subject comes from my own personal 

 7 experience, part of the passion also comes from you all. 

 8 You are the ones who conducted the children's health 

 9 study. It was from your studies that we learned about the 

10 deficit in the growth in lung function in children who are 

11 exposed to this pollution. It was from your studies that 

12 we learned that people in this basin, of all the people in 

13 the state of California, 82 percent of the people exposed 

14 to excessive levels of PM 2.5 are in this basin. 

15 It is from your analysis we learned that this 

16 results in approximately 5400 premature deaths per year. 

17 So part of our passion really comes from what you tell us 

18 the effects of this air pollution is. 

19 And then I'd also like to mention, because we 

20 also conducted public hearings and listen to people talk, 

21 that a fair amount of our passion comes from what people 

22 come and tell us. A major reason we got so involved with 

23 locomotive emissions is because people would come from the 

24 city of Commerce, a Council member from the city of 

25 Commerce was here this morning, residents would come, and 

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 1 in the public comment section of our agenda, they would 

 2 come and tell us about what they perceived as the air 

 3 pollution problems in their neighborhoods. And much of it 

 4 was very true. 

 5 And that inspired us to take on some very tough 

 6 battles and take some very aggressive stances. And you 

 7 probably feel that sometimes we might almost become 

 8 strident. If we do, I apologize. But we are inspired by 

 9 this, because of our own experience, by what you tell us 

10 and by what the public tells us. 

11 I think our staffs have developed complex and 

12 far-reaching control proposals. But there is a difference 

13 between what your staff would like to see you adopt and 

14 what we would like to see you adopt. We would like you to 

15 adopt additional measures that would advance the timing 

16 and would in some cases make the controls more stringent. 

17 And I hope you will seriously look at that. 

18 We're obviously very concerned about the size of 

19 the black box. A 241 ton on the per day black box doesn't 

20 give one a lot hope for actual attainment on a timely 

21 basis. 

22 And you know, we get caught up in this. EPA sets 

23 these standards and sets the attainment dates. And that's 

24 what we have to work for. And that's true. But the 

25 health care issues are now. They're now. And so the 

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 1 longer things are delayed, the longer those health care 

 2 issues go on. 

 3 So I would just encourage you to look seriously 

 4 at the additional proposals that we've put forward. We 

 5 only put them forward because we're so concerned. As you 

 6 see from your staff report, the mobile sources are -- huge 

 7 portion, 95 percent of the emission reductions, have to 

 8 come from mobile sources. And so the ball is really in 

 9 your court. The health of people in this basin is in your 

10 hands. And I hope they'll look seriously at the 

11 suggestions that we've made. 

12 Thank you very much. 

13 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you very much. 

14 Phong Ly. 

15 MR. LY: Thank you, Chairman Sawyer and esteemed 

16 members of the Board. 

17 I stand here as a representative for Assembly 

18 Member Mike Eng speaking in support of the South Coast Air 

19 Quality Management District 2007 Air Quality Management 

20 Plan. 

21 And I believe that you have a copy of the support 

22 letter from Assembly Member Eng as well. 

23 The California Air Resources Board needs to act 

24 immediately to address the growing health and 

25 environmental risk in an area which contains some of the 

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 1 most polluted air in the nation. 

 2 CARB's own studies reveal that air pollution in 

 3 the South Coast air basin results in 5,400 premature 

 4 deaths, 2400 hospitalizations, and 980,000 lost work days 

 5 every year. 

 6 Considering that the population for L.A. County 

 7 will be increasing by two to three million people in the 

 8 next 25 years, Assembly Member Eng feels it is important 

 9 to adopt stricter rules for mobile air pollution resources 

10 in order to accommodate for future population pressures on 

11 our community's resources. 

12 As the state faces stricter federal guidelines 

13 for clean air, the 8-hour ozone and the PM2.5 standards, 

14 the California Air Resources Board need to act now to 

15 ensure that we can meet these federal goals for the 

16 betterment of our community. 

17 We sincerely urge you to adopt the AQMP. Thank 

18 you very much for your support. 

19 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

20 Sid Tyler, and then Warren Furutani, Sam Hall, 

21 and Jennifer Zivkovic. Mr. Tyler. Mr. Furutani. 

22 MR. FURUTANI: Mr. Chairman, members of the 

23 Board, thank you very much for this opportunity to speak 

24 before your important panel. My name is Warren Furutani. 

25 I've been on the Los Angeles Board of Education for eight 

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 1 years now. Currently, I'm in my third term at the Los 

 2 Angeles Community College Board, both of which are the 

 3 largest bodies in their respective areas in the state of 

 4 California. 

 5 While on the Board of Education, I represented 

 6 the 7th District that's dissected by the 110 freeway and 

 7 bordered on its eastern boundary by the 710 freeway, 

 8 including San Pedro, Wilmington, Carson, and other 

 9 communities as you go north, including what's infamously 

10 called the Harbor Gateway, the very narrow band of land 

11 that is used to connect the port with downtown Los 

12 Angeles. 

13 On the Community College Board, I represent the 

14 whole district as a whole, but needless to say our nine 

15 campuses are spread out throughout the Los Angeles basin, 

16 including Harbor College, which is in the same area that I 

17 just explained and shared with you. 

18 I would be presumptuous to assume I could give 

19 you the scientific background or give you the number of 

20 particulates or the percentages things that I know that 

21 you've studied and looked at. 

22 And let me just briefly say, I appreciate the 

23 fact you're willing to sit for eight hours to hear public 

24 testimony. All of us that are elected officials that 

25 serve on Boards have done that in the past, and we know 

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 1 it's difficult to say awake. We know it's difficult to 

 2 stay focused. And I do appreciate the energy that it 

 3 takes for you to go through this process. 

 4 Also, I wouldn't want to be one in front of you 

 5 that tries to tell you that there's all these different 

 6 things that are involved other than situations we find 

 7 ourselves in government oftentimes. I don't care at the 

 8 highest level in federal government, at the lowest level 

 9 in terms of local government, oftentimes we find ourselves 

10 in what we call a quagmire. The federal quagmire we are 

11 well aware of in terms of the nation and what's going on, 

12 trying to decide how to end a problem, solve a problem, 

13 when to bring people back, and when to stop the dying. 

14 In this situation, we're juxtaposed around a very 

15 critical economic issue when you talk about transfer of 

16 goods and services. And on the other hand, we're talking 

17 about the health of people that live in those areas. 

18 Again, numbers aside, percentages aside, I only 

19 use one fundamental basis to determine the importance of 

20 what you're confronting here today. And that's the 

21 coughing of a child in Dominguez Elementary School in the 

22 Carson/Long Beach area. Or in being on an airplane 

23 landing from Sacramento on Monday, I think the second time 

24 in my life we landed over the ocean rather than in the 

25 opposite direction, from west to east rather than east to 

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 1 west. 

 2 If you live in the area where I live down in the 

 3 Harbor Gateway, you know that if the prevailing wind is 

 4 going in the opposite direction, when you get home you're 

 5 going to have the prevailing smells that are going to come 

 6 wafting across your area based on the port ships, based 

 7 upon the trains that are moving the goods, and based upon 

 8 the trucks, all of which are critical, all of which are 

 9 important. But doggone it, all science aside, all of the 

10 other things aside, when it gets down to it, it's a 

11 fundamental human issue, which is people's quality of 

12 life. That's what you're dealing with. And that's what 

13 you're confronted with. 

14 I know as you try to sort through your quagmire 

15 relative to trying to figure out how to do it, when to do 

16 it, how best to do it, and at what expense to do it, I 

17 think clearly you need to go down and have your hearing 

18 right there at one of those elementary schools in east 

19 Long Beach or west Long Beach, one of the schools that are 

20 in the L.A. Unified or Harbor Community College. And you 

21 know it. You've all been there. You've all seen it 

22 yourself. It is getting so bad. It's getting ridiculous. 

23 I think at a certain point we've just got to stop 

24 and say we understand all of the science. We understand 

25 all of the political juxtapositions of issues. But you've 

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 1 got to make a decision. A decision I think fundamentally 

 2 has to focus on. One clear simple issue, and that's the 

 3 quality of life. 

 4 And again, if you look at the issues as you well 

 5 know of the increased level of asthma if you look at the 

 6 increased levels of cancer, if you look at the increased 

 7 levels of everything that are now a part of what we 

 8 consider everyday life in the areas on front, there's only 

 9 one solution you can come to and only one conclusion. I 

10 would strongly recommend that you support the AQMD plan. 

11 We have to take a stand. The State has to take a stand. 

12 California is the Golden State. We don't want it to be 

13 known as the gray state. 

14 Thank you very much for this opportunity to 

15 speak. 

16 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

17 Mr. Hall. 

18 MR. HALL: Good morning, Chairman Sawyer and 

19 members of the Board. Thank you for allowing me to read 

20 the following statement from Senator Alan Lowenthal. 

21 I believe our role as legislators and regulators 

22 is to protect public health and safety. In California, 

23 and in particulate in southern California, we are facing a 

24 public health crisis, and the cause is air pollution. 

25 As you know, there are thousands of premature 

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 1 deaths, hospitalizations, lost work days, and cases of 

 2 asthma attributable to fine particulate pollution. We 

 3 must do all that we can to reduce this particulate 

 4 pollution. 

 5 As the Board decides on what is the best set of 

 6 measures to include in the State Implementation Plan, I 

 7 simply request that the Board ensure that whatever plan 

 8 the Board adopts that it is the best plan to not only 

 9 ensure compliance with the Federal Clean Air Act, but also 

10 the best plan to protect our communities from this toxic 

11 pollution. 

12 The Board should adopt the South Coast Air 

13 Quality Management District's 2007 Air Quality Management 

14 Plan as part of the State Implementation Plan. These 

15 measures will take years to fully implement, so we must 

16 start now. 

17 We must choose the most protective set of 

18 measures available. Because several years from now if we 

19 realize we may not reach attainment, we can then say we've 

20 tried everything. However, if we do not choose the best 

21 set of measures available, then years from now we will be 

22 held accountable. If the Board chooses a less protective 

23 set of measures, we will be setting up ourselves for 

24 failure. 

25 Earlier this year, the Board's Executive Officer 

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 1 asked the U.S. EPA for an extension to comply with the 

 2 PM2.5 attainment standard. We need to be sure that 

 3 whatever is adopted today is not aimed at getting that 

 4 extension, but instead aimed at meeting or exceeding the 

 5 federal standard. 

 6 As Chair of the Budget Subcommittee on Resources 

 7 and Environmental Protection, I look forward to working 

 8 with the Board on ensuring that we have the Proper 

 9 resources to meet federal attainment. Thank you. 

10 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you very much. 

11 Ms. Zivkovic, and then Bobby MacDonald, Roye 

12 Love, and Harry Baldwin. 

13 MS. ZIVKOVIC: Thank you. Good morning, Board 

14 members, elected officials, staff, and members of the 

15 public. Thank you for providing me with this opportunity 

16 to read a statement from Assembly Member Betty Karnette 

17 regarding this proposed State Implementation Plan before 

18 you today. 

19 As the Assembly Member representing the 

20 communities that neighbor the ports of Los Angeles and Los 

21 Angeles, I would like to express my concern about the 

22 Mobile Source Strategy outlined in the State 

23 Implementation Plan. The State must be more vigilant in 

24 protecting the health of its residents through adoption of 

25 a more stringent Mobile Source Strategy than is proposed 

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 1 in the State Implementation Plan. 

 2 I respectfully urge the California State 

 3 Resources Board to strengthen the strategy with a 

 4 commitment to additional reductions in emissions from 

 5 mobile sources. These additional reductions are needed 

 6 for the State to meet Federal Clean Air standards. These 

 7 reductions are also consistent with the 2007 Air Quality 

 8 Management Plan adopted by the South Coast AQMD. If this 

 9 is not feasible at this juncture, I would urge the Board 

10 to delay adoption of the State Strategy until the Board 

11 considers the Air Quality Management Plan. It is my hope 

12 that the Board will not delay the adoption of the AQMP 

13 until October. 

14 The emissions reductions outlined in the AQMP are 

15 also consistent with the San Pedro Bay Ports Clean Air 

16 Action Plan, which is crucial to accommodating projected 

17 growth at the ports. As you're aware, the South Coast air 

18 basin bears the burden of a disproportionate share of the 

19 PM2.5 problem in the state and the nation, which results 

20 in significant health impacts for residents. Significant 

21 reductions are needed for the State to meet federal 

22 standards. If not met, public health impacts would be 

23 exasperated and would subject the region to sanctions by 

24 the federal government. The State cannot risk losing 

25 these federal dollars. 

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 1 I am confident that the federal standards can be 

 2 attained, but the State must take greater responsibility 

 3 for the regulation of mobile sources. By making sound and 

 4 sustainable decisions, you can both help California's 

 5 economy and the environment in one fell swoop. Even 

 6 Governor Schwarzenegger believes that our economy and our 

 7 environment do not have to be at odds. In order to have a 

 8 strong economy, we must have a stable environment. 

 9 And in order to have a stable environment, our 

10 policy decision must be balanced and sustainable and our 

11 actions must be directed towards the greatest possible 

12 impact. You can help make that balance a reality. I 

13 respectfully urge the Board to commit to additional 

14 reductions from mobile sources. Thank you. 

15 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you very much. 

16 Mr. MacDonald. 

17 MR. MAC DONALD: Good morning, Mr. Chairman and 

18 Board members. My name is Bobby MacDonald, and I'm 

19 President of the Black Chamber of Commerce of Orange 

20 County. And I'm also the Legal Affairs Chair of the 

21 Orange County Presidents' Council, which is 27 ethnic 

22 chambers and business organizations in Orange County. 

23 I'm speaking before you this morning regarding 

24 the postponement of the AQMP 2007 Air Quality Management 

25 Plan. A good environment is good for business. 

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 1 Customers, investors, suppliers all benefit from clean 

 2 air, because it makes the region a place that is 

 3 attractive to live and work. 

 4 The failure of the California Air Resources Board 

 5 to address the pollution sources they regulate, primarily 

 6 trucks, trains, rail yard equipment and construction 

 7 equipment, unfairly shifts the burden to local businesses, 

 8 especially small businesses. 

 9 The health impacts of air pollution cost 

10 businesses money due to lost work days, increased health 

11 premiums, and decreased productivity. 

12 Please consider the AQMD's 2007 plan. Please 

13 remember small businesses are the backbone of the state 

14 and carry much of the burden of regulation. 

15 Thank you for your time and your consideration. 

16 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you very much. 

17 Roye Love. 

18 MR. LOVE: Good morning, Chairman Sawyer and 

19 members of the Board. I'm Roy Love, Chairman of the 

20 Environmental Commission for the City of Carson. 

21 You certainly have a very critical decision to 

22 make today. But I'm here to say that we live at ground 

23 zero. I live in the city of Carson. We're just a few 

24 miles from the harbor. The trains come through Carson. 

25 We have the 110, the 710, the 405 freeways. And all of 

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 1 that, that concoction has created serious environmental 

 2 condition for us. 

 3 I think some of you may know or may have read 

 4 about the situation at Del Amo Elementary School. Two 

 5 times in the past session that school had to be shut down 

 6 because of environmental problems. Teachers were 

 7 complaining of even memory loss in their case, not only 

 8 asthma and the cancers that I hear people telling me about 

 9 daily. 

10 But also as you know we're involved in 

11 standardized tests, No Child Left Behind. There were 

12 instances where kids couldn't take their exams because 

13 their noses were bleeding. 

14 So we have a very critical situation. And I 

15 believe that requires that we do everything that we can. 

16 And here there is no doubt that I think the AQMD's plan 

17 will add to that. I even think we must go much further. 

18 But certainly, I think we -- with all the people alive in 

19 the state, asthma and all of the pain that we're suffering 

20 from, I think you as a body -- and as the Lieutenant 

21 Governor said, increase your flexibility. You want to 

22 have some other ways to do it. None of this is really put 

23 in stone. 

24 And so we want you to really this day adopt their 

25 plan along with the plan that we have before us. This 

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 1 day, do that. Because it is extremely critical. I hear 

 2 people in the city of Carson complaining there are areas 

 3 where we have plenty of cancer clusters. This is ongoing. 

 4 And I've seen that for years. This is'nt very different. 

 5 One of the other jobs I have, I'm a member of the 

 6 Board of the Communities for a Better Environment. And so 

 7 we have offices in Oakland and also in Huntington Park. 

 8 So it is critical that you do what is necessary. And that 

 9 can be nothing less than to adopt both plans today, 

10 because that's the only way we can assure that we take a 

11 step towards ameliorating the conditions that we have. I 

12 thank you. 

13 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

14 Mr. Baldwin. And then Louie Lujan, Mario 

15 Beltran, and Matt Miyasato. 

16 MR. BALDWIN: Good morning, Chairman Sawyer. 

17 Thank you for the opportunity to speak before you. 

18 As you know, that has been pointed out, the South 

19 Coast has a disproportionate share of problems from PM2.5 

20 as compared to the rest of the nation and this state. To 

21 address this problem, the AQMD is now proposing the AQMP, 

22 which contains reductions as much as 63 tons a year of NOx 

23 emissions beyond the CARB's strategy that they are 

24 proposing right now. 

25 We must take responsibility for reducing these 

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 1 emissions. Because if not, we have a tremendous problem 

 2 here in the L.A. basin. 

 3 I currently am the Vice President of the Southern 

 4 California Association of Governments. And we have to 

 5 come up with the plans that meet the federal requirements. 

 6 Non-attainment of these funds would not only result in the 

 7 horrible health hazards that have been described more 

 8 today, but also would have a tremendous impact on the 

 9 funding for transportation funds from the federal 

10 government. 

11 Also to include an imposition of the federal 

12 implementation plan which would be detrimental in helping 

13 us address our own problems. 

14 SCAG supports the AQMD's position. And the main 

15 part of that position is the reduction of 63 tons a day of 

16 NOx emissions. That's what we need to do to meet our 

17 standards that are required to come forward. 

18 We thank you for your time. And we hope that you 

19 will credit the AQMD position along with your strategy and 

20 to address the main problems that we have with the 

21 emissions that need to be reduced for this area. 

22 Thank you. 

23 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you very much. 

24 Mr. Lujan. 

25 COUNCIL MEMBER LUJAN: Good morning, Mr. Chairman 

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 1 and members of the Board. My name is Louie Lujan. I'm a 

 2 Council member in city of La Puente, California, a 

 3 community about 25 to 30 miles east of downtown L.A. 

 4 I come to you tonight not only as a member of the 

 5 Council, but also a member of the San Gabriel Valley 

 6 Council of Governments, a member also of the Coalition for 

 7 a Safe and Clean Environment. And also by the way, a 

 8 proud owner of a brand-new hybrid vehicle. So I'm doing 

 9 my part as well. 

10 I want to start off with a scenario that 

11 obviously is supported not only by myself personally, by 

12 our community, as Mr. Baldwin just mentioned, by the SCAG, 

13 and that is many of us see this as a crisis situation, a 

14 situation in which we need not only our emotions to come 

15 into play, but also our logical thought process. 

16 The issue is not only a complicated issue, but 

17 it's one at the very essence requires very common sense 

18 solutions. And I think some of the proposals and ideas 

19 being shared today address just that, common sense. 

20 We can talk about the statistics all day. We can 

21 talk about how 80 percent of the pollution is coming from 

22 the mobile sources. But what we're here today to do is to 

23 ask that you strengthen your strategy such that it is 

24 consistent with the AQMD's Air Quality Management Plan and 

25 to do that by adopting the AQMP's suggestions and 

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 1 solutions dealing with mobile sources specifically, 

 2 because we know a lot has been done with regard to the 

 3 stationary sources, the businesses, so forth. Items in a 

 4 sense don't move. They're not mobile. But we're asking 

 5 that you really take extra emphasis and a double look, if 

 6 you will, on the mobile sources. 

 7 We all know that even if all the stationary 

 8 sources were eliminated, all the buildings that pollute 

 9 were closed, we have to still deal with 80 percent of the 

10 pollution coming from mobile sources, 80 percent. 

11 Now, we all have talked about, of course, some of 

12 the health effects. I'll read some of them here. We know 

13 the air pollution is responsible for not only premature 

14 deaths, but hospitalizations and lost work days annually. 

15 That deals directly with some of the economic effects. 

16 140,000 children or more have asthma problems and 

17 respiratory issues. 70 percent of the airborne cancer 

18 risk in our region is directly attributed not only to 

19 pollution but also to diesel engines. 80 percent of the 

20 emissions are not under local control. 

21 I want to end with a little bit of a personal 

22 story. I've seen the affects of the pollution, 

23 specifically with my mother. She has severe asthma. 

24 She's always had it. I can remember ever since I was a 

25 little kid. I've been with her in the hospital not once, 

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 1 twice, three times, but many times. And this is something 

 2 that I think, again going back to my main point, is 

 3 something we have to look at as a common sense issue. Not 

 4 only does it require our intellect, but our emotions and 

 5 our common sense. 

 6 Finally, I view the big picture as an issue where 

 7 these are problems and issues we created as human beings. 

 8 And therefore, we can also solve them. This is not 

 9 something that we're unfamiliar with. If we can get 

10 ourselves into these types of issues, we can also come up 

11 with solutions to solving those in the region. Thank you 

12 for your time. 

13 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

14 Mr. Beltran. Mr. Beltran. Mr. Miyasato. 

15 (Thereupon an overhead presentation was 

16 presented as follows.) 

17 MR. MIYASATO: Thank you, Chairman Sawyer, 

18 members of the Board. I am Matt Miyasato with the South 

19 Coast Air Quality Management District. I'm the Technology 

20 Demonstrations Manager there. I have a couple slides I 

21 want to present to you. 

22 This is in regard specifically to the plug-in 

23 hybrid control measure that we have proposed. I want to 

24 address a couple comments that Chief Deputy Officer Thomas 

25 Cackette had made. 

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 1 It's true our plug-in hybrid control measure is 

 2 very aggressive, and you'll see where the triangle is 

 3 there we're proposing very large numbers. But I'd also 

 4 like to remind you there's a proposed bill in the 

 5 Legislature, AB 1077, that is proposing very similar 

 6 numbers, if not more aggressive numbers. And those are 

 7 designated by the yellow stars. And, in fact, that was 

 8 co-authored by a former CARB member, one of your 

 9 colleagues, Assembly Member DeSaulnier. 

10 If you click the slide, this is based on the 

11 hybrid electric vehicle growth you can see nationwide. 

12 You can see a very steep slope. 

13 --o0o-- 

14 MR. MIYASATO: If you click it one more time, we 

15 are proposing this growth could be duplicated in the South 

16 Coast basin with your help and with the help of the South 

17 Coast AQMD. 

18 --o0o-- 

19 MR. MIYASATO: One final click will show you what 

20 is by comparison in the ZEV emissions vehicle regulations 

21 for fuel cell vehicles. What we are simply suggesting is 

22 there can be done a lot more with regard to that 

23 discrepancy. If you go to the next -- 

24 --o0o-- 

25 MR. MIYASATO: -- Mr. Cackette had mentioned we 

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 1 were basing our analysis on the all-electric range, or 

 2 AER. And we did, in fact, put AER in our proposal for 80 

 3 percent NOx reduction. But I would like to remind you, 

 4 that is based on initial emissions measurements that we 

 5 garnered with your staff at the El Monte office on plug-in 

 6 hybrid conversion. You notice the bars that are below the 

 7 zero are representing benefits in emissions. So we are 

 8 seeing a 79 percent benefit in NOx under one of the 

 9 cycles. 

10 What I would simply remind you is that that is by 

11 third party aftermarket converter. Just imagine what an 

12 original equipment manufacturer can do. In fact, there 

13 have been two original equipment manufacturers who now 

14 announced publicly they are looking at the technology 

15 plug-in hybrid technology and plan to have vehicles on 

16 about model year 2009. We would suggest strong action by 

17 your Board can help accelerate that development and 

18 actually accelerate the development of that technology. 

19 So the final two points I would make is that with 

20 the passage of the energy bill recently in the Senate, 

21 there was also strong call by the nation for petroleum 

22 reduction with increasing energy efficiency. We believe 

23 that plug-in hybrids obviously can provide a long step 

24 toward achieving corporate average fuel economy standards 

25 and increasing that. 

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 1 And finally I think what is echoed by other 

 2 members, witnesses that have testified is that also goes a 

 3 long way toward improving greenhouse gas emissions. We 

 4 see the plug-in hybrid technology is doing a big 

 5 three-fold benefit: Improve urban air quality, reduce 

 6 petroleum dependence, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 

 7 And we would ask you to please seriously consider some of 

 8 our measures as we move forward. Thank you. 

 9 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

10 We'll now have Robert Miles, then David Ford, and 

11 Romel Pascual. 

12 MR. MILES: Robert Pullen Miles. Thank you, Mr. 

13 Chairman, members of the Board. My name is Robert Pullen 

14 Miles. I am a field deputy for State Senator Jenny 

15 Oropeza, the 28th Senatorial District. And I would like 

16 to read a little statement from the Senator. 

17 I urge CARB to further enhance the proposed State 

18 Mobile Source Control Strategy to ensure that expeditious 

19 progress is being made and that federal deadlines for 

20 attainment of clean air standards will be met. 

21 I am also concerned that the CARB has decided to 

22 delay the adoption of the South Coast Air Quality 

23 Management District's Air Quality Management Plan until 

24 October 2007, but will instead consider approval of its 

25 Mobile Source Strategy for California on June 22nd, 2007. 

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 1 This means that the State agency will essentially 

 2 decide the fate of millions of southern Californians 

 3 without dealing with the urgencies of local air quality 

 4 needs. 

 5 It is critical that CARB acknowledge this 

 6 shortfall in the delay strategy. We must act now to 

 7 address southern California's current air quality and 

 8 health crisis. 

 9 This is submitted by Senator Jenny Oropeza. 

10 Thank you. 

11 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you very much. 

12 Mr. Ford. 

13 Mr. FORD: Thank you, members of the Board. My 

14 name is David Ford. I'm the Chief of Staff to State 

15 Assembly Member Ted Lieu. In that capacity, let me 

16 welcome everyone to the 53rd Assembly District. And thank 

17 you for supporting our local economy. 

18 And there's long been a thought when air quality 

19 politics in L.A. County and in the southern California 

20 area that coastal areas create the smog, but then blows 

21 inland. And prevailing wind aside, let me quickly put the 

22 light in that notion. 

23 When the U.S. EPA did a study of the top ten most 

24 polluted ZIP codes in California, four of them were here 

25 in the south bay. Six of the top ten toxic release 

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 1 emitters are here in the south bay. Six of the top ten. 

 2 So with the affect of that, of all the 

 3 sub-regions of Los Angeles County, the south bay is second 

 4 only to Antelope Valley in instances of childhood asthma. 

 5 And I'll make one further point past this. 

 6 California has a history of leading the way on these 

 7 issues and of setting very high goals for ourselves and 

 8 then finding ways to meet them. So what I'd urge the 

 9 Board today is adopt the AQMP. Go past it, if you want. 

10 Challenge California. Challenge our economy. Because we 

11 have a history of meeting those goals. It's what we do as 

12 a state. So thank you for your time and thank you for 

13 allowing me to speak. 

14 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

15 Mr. Pascual, and then Peter Yao, Elaine Chang, 

16 and Henry Hogo. 

17 Mr. PASCUAL: Good morning, Chairman, and members 

18 of the Board. My name is Romel Pascual. I'm the Social 

19 Director for Environment for Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa. 

20 We all know that the South Coast air basin 

21 experiences a disproportionate share of exposure to PM2.5 

22 in excess of federal standards. And we know this has 

23 significant public health impacts for all Angelinos. 

24 The South Coast Air District approved the 2007 

25 Air Quality Management Plan earlier this month with the 

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 1 expectation that the Air Resources Board would consider 

 2 this plan at this meeting to assist us in submitting the 

 3 ozone plan. 

 4 We urge ARB to take more responsibility for 

 5 greater mobile sources control. Any delay in adopting 

 6 strong and feasible measures would only continue the 

 7 uncertainty in the region about rules and regulations 

 8 forthcoming and sends a wrong message to EPA that we're 

 9 unclear in what measures we'd like to resolve with respect 

10 to air quality problems here in the basin. 

11 As ARB moves forward in the coming months to 

12 complete the SIP, we urge you to make the strongest 

13 commitment possible to reducing mobile sources. 

14 Thank you for your attention. And thank you to 

15 your commitment to air quality. 

16 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: Thank you. 

17 Mr. Yao. 

18 MAYOR YAO: Good morning, Mr. Chairman and 

19 members of the Board. My name is Peter Yao. I'm 

20 currently the Mayor of the city of Claremont. 

21 Claremont is the east most city in the Los 

22 Angeles County. Claremont is proud to be a green city 

23 with over 33,000 City-owned trees and over 3,000 acres of 

24 City-owned park lands and wilderness and open space. Just 

25 this past August, our voters approved purchasing an 

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 1 additional 180 acres of hillside. 

 2 We have many LEED certified buildings. Many 

 3 fleet of the trucks are all low emission. And even our 

 4 police department drives around in Toyota hybrid vehicles. 

 5 Over the past 100 years, Claremont has done 

 6 everything we can to produce an environment that's healthy 

 7 and clean. And we're proud to be environmentally 

 8 responsible. 

 9 Claremont is only 14 square smiles in size, yet 

10 we have two major freeways, the 210 freeway and the 10 

11 freeway, going through our city. Most of our residents 

12 can hear, can see, can smell, and feel the shake of all 

13 the trucks loading the goods from the Los Angeles and Los 

14 Angeles ports on their way to the east part of the 

15 country. 

16 You can see that the Claremont is assuming a 

17 great deal of burden associated with the mobile pollution 

18 sources. 

19 I have two requests of the Board. Number one is 

20 set a high standard such as those recommended by the South 

21 Coast AQMP. They are achievable. As a career engineer 

22 and an engineering manager, I want to assure you that 

23 technology is not something to be afraid of. It's a tool. 

24 Yet, it's not a tool that's waiting for an application to 

25 happen. It's a tool that's driven by demands. 

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 1 Just look back not too long ago when we decide 

 2 that we want to put a man on the moon. Less than a decade 

 3 later, we have a man on the moon. 

 4 Today, you're setting a standard for something 

 5 that's going to happen 15 years from now. Set a high 

 6 standard. We're going to achieve it. 

 7 Secondly, I want to encourage you to adopt a plan 

 8 as soon as possible. Want to remind us that the lessons 

 9 that we learn about the time and value of money also apply 

10 to cleaning up the air. The sooner we get started, the 

11 less we have to do, and simpler the job is. Thank you 

12 very much. 

13 CHAIRPERSON SAWYER: I would like to say I share 

14 your engineering optimism for being able to solve these 

15 problems. 

16 Ms. Chang. 

17 (Thereupon an overhead presentation was 

18 presented as follows.) 

19 MS. CHANG: Good morning, Chairman Sawyer and 

20 members of the Board. It's a pleasure to be here before 

21 you today. My name is Elaine Chang, Deputy Executive 

22 Officer with the South Coast Air Quality Management 

23 District. 

24 --o0o-- 

25 MS. CHANG: The State Strategies presented before 

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 1 you will have a profound impact on our air basin for the 

 2 many years to come. It will represent not only how you 

 3 fulfil the promise you made in the 2003 AQMP designed for 

 4 the then one-hour ozone standard, but also many upcoming 

 5 air quality standards, including the just currently 

 6 released proposed new 8-hour ozone standard. 

 7 --o0o-- 

 8 MS. CHANG: I do not want to sound unappreciative 

 9 what this Board has done in the last several decades to 

10 bring about air quality improvement to this air basin. If 

11 you look at the last four years as part of the 2003 AQMP 

12 implementation, only 33 tons of the NOx reductions out of 

13 the total over 300 tons committed were adopted. We need 

14 to pick up our pace. 

15 --o0o-- 

16 MS. CHANG: There could be disagreement between 

17 two agency staffs in terms of how much NOx emissions will 

18 be needed for 2014 for the PM 2.5. But there's no 

19 disagreement we need a lot of NOx emission reduction for 

20 proposed PM2.5 and 8-hour ozone standard. 

21 --o0o-- 

22 MS. CHANG: There's no disagreement where the 

23 major source is coming from NOx emissions. 

24 --o0o-- 

25 MS. CHANG: We're pleased to hear the staff is 

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 1 proposing additional 14 tons, leaving the remaining 49 for 

 2 the PM 2.5 attainment strategy. We doubt that you can 

 3 explain away the 49 tons through weight of evidence or 

 4 debate when our plan comes before you. 

 5 But we also want to point out that in our plan 

 6 that we have added flexibility language that will address 

 7 your concern of anti-backsliding. Adding more tons now is 

 8 easier to make adjustment later is almost impossible to 

 9 add additional NOx tons if we find we need more. Just we 

10 don't have enough time for fleet turnover. 

11 --o0o-- 

12 MS. CHANG: Also looking at the AR ozone,