Comprehensive 

Assessment of 

Demand-Side 

Resource Potentials 

(2012-2031) 

Final Report 

April 28, 2011

Prepared for: 

Puget Sound Energy 

Prepared by: 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 

720 SW Washington Street, Suite 400 

Portland, OR 97205 

503.228.2992 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

Prepared by: 

The Cadmus Group 

M. Sami Khawaja, Ph.D. 

Vice President 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 

Table of Contents: Volume I 

Executive Summary .............................................................................................1

Overview ..............................................................................................................................1

Summary of Results .............................................................................................................1

Energy Efficiency .........................................................................................................1

Fuel Conversion ............................................................................................................3

Demand Response ........................................................................................................4

Distributed Generation ..................................................................................................5

Comparison to the Council’s 6th Plan ..................................................................................5

Residential Sector .........................................................................................................6

Commercial Sector .......................................................................................................7

Industrial Sector ............................................................................................................7

Incorporation of Demand Side Resources into PSE’s IRP ..................................................7

Organization of the Report ...................................................................................................9

1. General Approach and Methodology ......................................................... 10

General Approach ..............................................................................................................10

Data Sources ...............................................................................................................11

Incorporation of Upcoming Codes and Standards ......................................................11

Energy Efficiency ..............................................................................................................13

Developing Baseline Forecasts ...................................................................................13

Estimating Technical Potential ...................................................................................14

Achievable Technical Potential ..................................................................................15

Fuel Conversion .................................................................................................................16

Demand Response ..............................................................................................................16

Identify Eligible Loads ...............................................................................................17

Estimating Technical Potential ...................................................................................18

Estimating Achievable Technical Potential ................................................................18

Distributed Generation .......................................................................................................19

2. Energy-Efficiency Potentials ....................................................................... 21

Scope of Analysis ..............................................................................................................21

Summary of Resource Potentials – Electric .......................................................................21

Summary of Resource Potentials – Natural Gas ................................................................22
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 

Detailed Resource Potentials .............................................................................................24

Residential Sector – Electric .......................................................................................24

Residential Sector – Natural Gas ................................................................................27

Commercial Sector – Electric .....................................................................................30

Commercial Sector – Natural Gas ..............................................................................33

Industrial Sector – Electric .........................................................................................36

Industrial Sector – Natural Gas ...................................................................................38

3. Fuel Conversion Potentials ......................................................................... 41

Scope of Analysis ..............................................................................................................41

Summary of Resource Potentials .......................................................................................41

Detailed Resource Potentials .............................................................................................42

Residential Sector .......................................................................................................42

Commercial Sector .....................................................................................................45

4. Demand Response Potentials ..................................................................... 48

Scope of Analysis ..............................................................................................................48

Summary of Resource Potentials .......................................................................................49

Resource Costs and Supply Curves ............................................................................49

Resource Acquisition Schedule ..................................................................................50

Detailed Resource Potentials by Program Strategy ...........................................................52

Residential Direct Load Control (DLC) .....................................................................52

Nonresidential Load Curtailment ...............................................................................57

Critical Peak Pricing (CPP) ........................................................................................59
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 

Table of Contents: Volume II 

Appendix A: Methodological Consistency with the 6th Northwest Power Plan 

Appendix B: Technical Supplements: Energy Efficiency 

 B.1: Baseline Data 

B.2: Measure Descriptions 

B.3: Measure-Level Inputs and Potential 

B.4: Detailed Potential Results 

Appendix C: Technical Supplements: Fuel Conversion 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 1 

Executive Summary 

Overview 

This report summarizes the results of an independent study of the potentials for electric and 

natural gas demand-side resources (DSR) in Puget Sound Energy’s (PSE’s) service territory from 

2012 to 2031. The study was commissioned by PSE as part of its biennial integrated resource 

planning (IRP) process. 

The study, which builds upon previous efforts, incorporates updated baseline and DSR data 

informed by primary and secondary data collection. The study is also informed by the efforts of 

other entities in the region such as the Northwest Power and Conservation Council (the Council). 

The methods used to evaluate the technical potential and achievable technical potential draw 

upon the best practices in the utility industry and are consistent with the methodology used by 

the Council in its assessment of regional conservation potentials in the Northwest. 

Summary of Results 

The potentials identified in this study are summarized in Table 1. As shown, electric demandside resources account for 667 aMW and 1,208 winter peak MW of achievable technical 

potential by 2031. These potentials represent 19% of retail energy sales and 21% of winter peak 

demand1. Similarly, achievable technical natural gas potential accounts for 20% of forecasted 

2031 retail sales. High-level potentials by resource are presented below, with more detailed 

results in the sections of this report that follow. 

Table 1. Summary of Energy and Capacity Saving Potentials, Cumulative in 2031 

 Energy 

(aMW / million therms) 

Winter Coincident Peak 

Capacity 

(MW) 

Resource Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical 

Potential 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical 

Potential 

Electric Resources

Energy Efficiency 961 645 1,497 985 

Fuel Conversion 55 22 75 30 

Demand Response N/A N/A 1,995 193 

Electric Resources Total 1,016 667 3,567 1,208 

Natural Gas Resources 

Energy Efficiency 427 268 N/A N/A 

Energy Efficiency 

Table 2 shows 2031 forecasted baseline electric sales and potential by sector. As shown, the 

results of this study indicate 961 aMW of technically feasible electric energy-efficiency potential 

will be available by 2031, the end of the 20-year planning horizon. Once market constraints are 

 

1

 Demand response potentials do not account for program interactions, and thus, this potential would likely be 

reduced if multiple programs were competing for participants. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 2 

taken into account, this translates to an achievable technical potential of 645 aMW. Were all of 

this potential cost-effective and realizable, it would amount to an 18 percent reduction in 2031 

forecasted retail sales and a reduction in forecasted load growth of roughly 50 percent. This 

study, consistent with the Council, assumes that 85 percent of electric resources will be 

achievable over time. However, due timing of lost opportunity resource acquisition, the 

achievable technical potential amounts to less than 85 percent of the technical potential, as 

described in greater detail in Section 1. 

Table 2. Electric Energy-Efficiency Potential by Sector, Cumulative in 2031 

 Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential 

Sector Baseline 

Sales 

aMW Percent of 

Baseline Sales 

aMW Percent of 

Baseline Sales 

Residential 1,620 566 35% 336 21% 

Commercial 1,823 373 20% 291 16% 

Industrial 111 22 20% 18 17% 

Total 3,554 961 27% 645 18% 

Table 3 shows 2031 forecasted baseline natural gas sales and potential by sector. As shown, the 

results of this study indicate roughly 427 million therms of technically feasible natural gas 

energy-efficiency potential by 2031. This translates to an achievable technical potential of 268 

million therms. If all of this potential was cost-effective and realizable, it would amount to a 20 

percent reduction in 2031 forecasted retail sales and a 68% reduction in forecasted load growth 

from 2012 to 2031. 

Table 3. Natural Gas Energy-Efficiency Potential by Sector, Cumulative in 2031 

 Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential 

Sector Baseline 

Sales 

Million 

Therms 

Percent of 

Baseline Sales 

Million 

Therms 

Percent of 

Baseline Sales 

Residential 846 303 36% 183 22% 

Commercial 445 117 26% 80 18% 

Industrial 31 7 21% 5 16% 

Total 1,322 427 32% 268 20% 

Comparison to 2009 IRP 

The assessment of energy efficiency potential is largely an update of the analysis conducted for 

PSE’s 2009 IRP. However, there are a number of differences between the two studies that have 

led to differences in technical, and thus, achievable technical potential, namely: 

 Updated commercial baseline data from the Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance’s 

(NEEA’s) Commercial Building Stock Assessment (CBSA) 

 Utilization of PSE’s most recent energy and sales forecasts 

 Incorporation of assumptions, data, and new measures from the Council’s 6th Northwest 

Power Plan 

 Adjustments to remaining potential based on PSE’s actual 2008-2009 and projected 

2010-2011 energy efficiency program accomplishments 

 Updated data on measure costs, savings, lifetime, and applicability 

 Incorporation of new codes and standards, as described in Section 1 of this report. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 3 

A comparison of electric and natural gas technical potentials from the two studies, by sector, is 

presented in Table 4. As shown, the results of the two studies are similar, with the exception of 

electric potential in the residential sector, where potential has increased by approximately 65 

percent, as compared to the 2009 IRP. This increase is driven largely by increased savings from 

measures included in the Council’s 6th Plan, such as heat pump water heaters and consumer 

electronics. Additionally, the impact of upcoming residential lighting standards is being treated 

differently in this study, as described in Section 1, which has increased the remaining lighting 

potential. 

Table 4. Comparison of Energy Efficiency Technical Potential, 2009 IRP to 2011 IRP 

Electric (aMW) Natural Gas (million therms) 

Sector 2009 IRP 2011 IRP 2009 IRP 2011 IRP 

Residential 343 566 263 303 

Commercial 378 373 132 117 

Industrial 17 22 12 7 

Total 739 961 407 427 

Fuel Conversion 

The fuel conversion analysis estimates available potential from converting electric equipment to 

natural gas for two main customer types: customers in PSE’s natural gas service territory who do 

not currently have natural gas service, and those who do, but still have electric equipment (i.e. 

water heaters or appliances) that could be converted to natural gas. Table 5 shows the available 

technical and achievable technical potential in 2031 for each type of customer. 

Table 5. Summary of Fuel Conversion Potentials, Cumulative in 2031 

Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential 

Customer Type 

Electric 

Savings 

(aMW) 

Additional Gas 

Usage (million 

therms) 

Electric 

Savings 

(aMW) 

Additional Gas 

Usage (million 

therms) 

Electric-Only 23.5 16.0 10.6 7.3 

Existing Gas Customer 31.4 18.6 11.5 7.5 

Total 54.9 34.6 22.1 14.8 

Comparison to 2009 IRP 

As for energy efficiency, this analysis is largely an update to the 2009 IRP. The analysis builds 

upon the same updated data mentioned above, including baseline data, PSE’s sales and customer 

forecasts, and measure assumptions. Table 6 presents a comparison of the estimated technical 

and achievable technical potential, as compared to the 2009 IRP. Whereas the 2009 IRP included 

customers in Cascade Natural Gas service territory, this study addresses conversion only for 

customers in PSE’s natural gas service territory. Additionally, this study incorporated expected 

participation rates based on PSE pilot program experience, leading to substantially lower 

potential for electric customers. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 4 

Table 6. Comparison of Fuel Conversion Potential, 2009 IRP to 2011 IRP 

Technical Potential 

(aMW) 

Achievable Technical Potential 

(aMW) 

Customer Type 2009 IRP 2011 IRP 2009 IRP 2011 IRP 

Electric-Only 136 24 50 11 

Existing Gas Customer 38 31 15 12 

Total 174 55 65 22 

Demand Response 

Table 7 presents estimated winter and summer resource potentials for all demand response 

resources for the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors. As shown, demand response 

achievable technical potential represents reductions of approximately 3 percent of forecasted 

2031 winter and summer peaks. 

Table 7. Demand Response Technical and Achievable Technical Potential, MW in 2031 

Winter Summer 

Sector 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical As 

Percent of 

System Peak 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical As 

Percent of 

System Peak 

Residential 1,184 110 1.95% 402 32 0.72% 

Commercial 767 79 1.40% 783 82 1.85% 

Industrial 44 4 0.08% 54 5 0.12% 

Total 1,995 193 3.43% 1,239 119 2.68% 

*System peak is based on PSE's average load in the top 20 hours for each season.

Comparison to 2009 IRP 

This study relies on the same methodologies used in the 2009 IRP analysis; however, the 

program strategies included differed. The 2011 IRP assessed one incentive-based and one 

pricing-based program strategy in each sector, whereas the 2009 IRP included multiple options. 

This decision reflected the structure of PSE’s current demand response pilot programs, and to 

minimize the interactive effects between similar program options. A comparison of estimated 

achievable technical potential during peak periods, by sector, is presented in Table 8. 

Table 8. Comparison of Demand Response Achievable Technical Potential, 

2009 IRP to 2011 IRP 

Winter MW Summer MW 

Sector 2009 IRP 2011 IRP 2009 IRP 2011 IRP 

Residential 170 110 48 32 

Commercial 14 79 14 82 

Industrial 5 4 5 5 

Total 189 193 68 119 

*System peak is based on PSE's average load in the top 20 hours for each season.

The largest difference in results between the two studies is in the commercial sector, where 

potentials have increased considerably. The results of the 2011 IRP are based on the structure of 

PSE’s nonresidential pilot program and informed by its success. Residential potential has 

decreased due to removal of multifamily customers from the program concept. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 5 

Distributed Generation 

Distributed generation potentials were not estimated as part of this study. PSE incorporated the 

results of the 2009 IRP analysis into its 2011 IRP. For detailed potentials from the 2009 IRP 

analysis, see the 2008 Cadmus’ report.2

Comparison to the Council’s 6th Plan 

This study employs methodologies consistent with the Council’s 6th Plan to estimate available 

energy-efficiency potential (See Appendix A for a detailed comparison of methodologies). 

Additionally, Cadmus conducted a thorough review of baseline and measure assumptions used 

by the Council, including costs, savings, applicability, and current saturation. Although this 

study relies on data specific to PSE’s service territory whenever possible, Council assumptions 

were incorporated where appropriate. 

By applying PSE’s share of regional sales, by sector, to the Council’s regional potential, one can 

estimate the 6th Plan’s share of potential in PSE’s service territory. However, there are a number 

of factors that must be considered in comparing that allocated potential to the results of this 

study: 

 The Council, by necessity, relies on average regional data; whereas this study utilizes 

primary data from PSE’s service territory. Therefore, an allocation of regional potential 

based on sales may not account for PSE’s unique service territory characteristics, such as 

customer mix, use per customer, end use saturations, fuel shares, and current measure 

saturation. Similarly, some industries included in the 6th Plan may not exist in PSE’s 

service territory. 

 PSE and the Council rely on unique baseline energy forecasts, each of which is a major 

driver in the respective estimates of potential. 

 Both studies assess potential over a 20-year period; however, the 6th Plan begins in 2010, 

while estimation of potential in this study begins in 2012. 

 Due to the timing of the release of the 6th Plan, not all upcoming codes and standards 

were removed from the potential (most notably, new standards relating to commercial 

lighting and residential water heating, as described in Section 1 of this report). 

These caveats aside, Table 9 provides a comparison of the 2-, 10-, and 20-year achievable 

technical potentials estimated in this study, as compared to the 6th Plan. The 6th Plan numbers are 

derived by applying PSE’s share of regional sales, by sector, to the 6th Plan estimates3

 of regional 

potential.4 

 In the residential sector, while the 6th Plan allocation of 10- and 20-year potentials are 

substantially higher, the two-year 2011 IRP savings is higher due to accelerated ramping. 

 In the commercial sector, short- and long-term potentials from the 2011 IRP are 

substantially higher. 

 

2

 http://www.pse.com/SiteCollectionDocuments/2009IRP/AppL1_IRP09.pdf 3

 Bus bar savings from the 6th Plan have been adjusted to savings at the customer meter using the Council’s line 

loss factors. 4

 Report 6th Plan potentials by sector and end use are based on summarization of measure-specific Council 

workbooks available here: http://www.nwcouncil.org/energy/powerplan/6/supplycurves/default.htm 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 6 

 In the industrial sector, 2- and 10-year potentials are very close, although the 6th Plan’s 

20-year potential is substantially higher. 

Details on sector-level differences are provided below. 

Table 9. Comparison of 2011 IRP and 6th Plan Achievable Technical Potential (aMW) 

2-Year Achievable 

Technical Potential 

10-Year Achievable 

Technical Potential 

20-Year Achievable 

Technical Potential 

Sector 2011 IRP 

PSE Share of 

Regional 

Potential 

2011 IRP 

PSE Share of 

Regional 

Potential 

2011 IRP 

PSE Share of 

Regional 

Potential 

Residential* 47 40 229 263 336 584 

Commercial 43 14 230 115 284 227 

Industrial 4 2 18 17 18 35 

Total 93 56 478 394 638 845 

* Solar photovoltaic potential has been removed from 6th Plan potential to allow for direct comparison between studies 

Residential Sector 

As shown in Table 9, the residential sector accounts for the largest differences in estimates of 

long-term achievable technical potential. Because of differences in end-use definitions, it is 

difficult to compare the two studies at a detailed end-use level; however, Table 10 shows the 

distribution of 20-year potential by major end-use group for each study. Differences in 

assumptions by end use are described below: 

 Appliances and water heating are combined for this comparison because a large portion 

of appliance potential is water heating savings from clothes washers and dishwashers. A 

key difference in the modeling approaches is the incorporation of new residential water 

heating standards in the 2011 IRP, as described in Section 1 of this report. It is assumed 

that new equipment installed after 2014 would need to meet the new minimum efficiency 

requirements, reducing the potential for high-efficiency water heating equipment. 

Additionally, there is a substantial difference in the assumed percentage of water heaters 

using electricity (42 percent in PSE’s service territory versus 64 percent for the region).

 The category of consumer electronics and other plug loads contains a variety of end 

uses, including televisions, computers, and other household electronics. While the baseyear saturations of the various types of equipment are similar between the two studies, 

the assumptions differ regarding how saturations may change over time, leading to a 

difference in long-term potential.5

 Additionally, the 6th Plan includes commercial 

computers and monitors as part of the residential potential, while the study performed by 

Cadmus includes only units in residences. 

 HVAC encompasses heating, cooling, and ventilation savings, which are combined due 

to differences in model structures. The main drivers of this difference are assumed 

saturation of central cooling (15 percent in PSE’s service territory versus 53 percent for 

the region) and the share of electric heating (15 percent for PSE’s service territory versus 

35 percent for the region).

 

5

 The 2011 IRP assumes annual increases in saturations by technology ranging from 0.3% to 1.0% based on the 

EIA’s 2010 Annual Energy Outlook. Council escalation assumptions vary by technology with an average 

annual increase of around two percent. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 7 

 Lighting savings in the 2011 IRP assumes a technology that meets the minimum 

requirements of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) will be 

available and that savings from CFL installations will still be available.

Table 10. Comparison of 20-Year Residential Achievable Technical Potential by End Use 

20-Year Achievable Technical 

Potential 

End Use Group 2011 IRP PSE Share of 

Regional Forecast 

Appliances and Water Heating 89 213 

Consumer Electronics and Other Plug Loads 61 125 

HVAC 125 202 

Lighting 56 43 

Total 366 584 

Commercial Sector 

Although in the commercial sector, this study estimates higher 2-, 10-, and 20-year achievable 

technical potential than does the 6th Plan, this difference is largely a function of differing load 

forecasts. Both studies estimate that approximately 16 percent of year-20 commercial sales could 

be saved; however, PSE forecasts its load to be approximately 20 percent higher than its 

allocation of the regional commercial sales forecast. Higher potential in the early years of this 

study is due to the 10-year acceleration of all discretionary potential. 

Industrial Sector 

Because the two assessments rely on the same measure assumptions, differences in potential are 

driven by the mix of industries present. For example, in the Northwest region on the whole, pulp 

and paper industries account for the largest portion of both baseline sales and achievable 

technical potential (roughly 30 percent and 40 percent, respectively). However, in PSE’s service 

territory, these facilities account for less than 1 percent of baseline consumption. Additionally, 

PSE’s forecasted industrial sales are approximately 30-percent lower than its allocated share of 

the regional forecast. 

Incorporation of Demand Side Resources into PSE’s IRP 

The achievable technical potential shows above were grouped by levelized cost of conserved 

energy for inclusion in PSE’s IRP model. Note, levelized costs are calculated over a measure’s 

life, even if that life extends past the end of the planning horizon. Bundling resources into a 

number of distinct cost groups allows the model to select the optimal amount of DSR annually 

based on expected load growth, energy prices, and other factors. 

Figure 1 shows the annual cumulative combined potential for energy efficiency, fuel conversion, 

and distributed generation by each of the cost bundles considered in PSE’s 2011 IRP. Figure 2 

shows the annual DSR bundles for natural gas energy efficiency. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 8 

Figure 1. Annual Electric DSR Bundles by Cost Group 

Figure 2. Annual Natural Gas DSR Bundles by Cost Group 

In addition to the energy efficiency, fuel conversion, and distributed generation bundles 

displayed above, PSE included three other resource bundles in its IRP: 

1. The expected effects on residential lighting due to EISA (shows graphically in Figure 3), 

2. Capacity-only impacts of demand response, and 

3. Savings associated with distribution efficiency improvements (outside the scope of this 

study). 

‐

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

20122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025202620272028202920302031

Cumulative aMW

Up to $55 $55 to $85 $85 to $115

$115 to $130 $130 to $150 $150 to $170

$170 to $190 Over $190

IRP Levelized Cost Bundles

($/MWh)

‐

50

100

150

200

250

300

20122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025202620272028202920302031

Cumulative million therms

Up to $0.45 $0.45 to $0.70 $0.70 to $0.95

$0.95 to $1.20 $1.20 to $1.50 $1.50 to $2.00

$2.00 to $2.50 Over $2.50

IRP Levelized Cost Bundles

($/therm)
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 9 

Organization of the Report 

The remainder of this report is organized in four sections. The first outlines the general 

methodology for assessment of potential for each resource type, while the remaining three 

sections present the key assumptions and results for each resource. Additional technical 

information and descriptions of data and their sources are presented in the appendices to this 

document. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 10 

1. General Approach and Methodology 

This report describes the technologies, data inputs, data sources, data collection processes, and 

all assumptions used in the calculation of technical and achievable technical long-term 

potentials. 

General Approach 

The demand-side resources (DSR) analyzed in this study differ with respect to technology, 

availability, type of load impact, and target consumer markets. Analysis of their potentials, 

therefore, requires customized methods that can address the unique characteristics of each 

resource. These methods, however, spring from the same conceptual framework and aim to 

arrive at estimates of two distinct types of potential: technical and achievable technical. 

Technical potential assumes that all technically feasible resource opportunities may be captured, 

regardless of their costs or other market barriers. It is important to note that the notion of 

technical potentials is less relevant to resources (such as demand response) since nearly all enduse loads may be subject to interruption or displacement by on-site generation from a strictly 

technical point of view. 

Achievable technical potential is defined as that portion of technical potential that might be 

assumed to be achievable in the course of the planning horizon, regardless of the acquisition 

mechanism. (For example, savings may be acquired through utility programs, improved codes 

and standards, or market transformation.) The identified potential is then grouped by levelized 

cost, allowing PSE’s IRP model to pick the optimal amount of DSR, given various assumptions 

around future resource requirements and costs. In addition to the up-front capital cost and annual 

energy savings, the levelized cost calculation incorporates several other factors, consistent with 

the Council’s methodology: 

 Incremental operations and maintenance (O&M) costs or benefits are considered 

annually over the life of the measure. The present value is used to adjust the levelized 

cost- upward for measures with costs above baseline technologies and downward for 

measures that decrease O&M costs. 

 Non-energy benefits are treated as a reduction in levelized costs for measures that save 

resources in addition to the primary fuel being considered. This includes secondary fuel 

benefits (e.g. natural gas savings for electric measures) as well as reductions in 

consumption of water, detergent, or other applicable resources. 

 The regional ten percent conservation credit, capacity benefits during PSE’s system 

peak, and transmission and distribution (T&D) deferrals are similarly treated as 

reductions in levelized cost for electric measures. 

In addition to the quantity of available potential, the timing of resource availability is a key 

consideration. For this analysis, resources are split into two distinct categories: 

 Discretionary resources are retrofit opportunities in existing facilities that, theoretically, 

are available at any point over the course of the study period. 

 Lost opportunity resources are those with pre-determined availability, such as 

replacement after equipment failure and opportunities in new construction. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 11 

Data Sources 

The full assessment of resource potential required the compilation of a large set of measurespecific technical, economic, and market data obtained from secondary sources and through 

primary research. The main sources of data used in this study included: 

 PSE Internal Data. This encompasses historical and forecasted sales and customers, 

hourly load profiles, and historic DSR accomplishments 

 Primary Data. This study relies on several sources of data specific to PSE’s service 

territory and customers. These sources include the 2008 Residential End Use Survey, 

2008 Fuel Conversion Survey, 2007 CFL Saturation Study, and NEEA’s 2009 

Commercial Building Stock Assessment (CBSA). 

 Secondary Pacific Northwest Sources. Several Northwest entities provided data critical 

to this study, including the Council, the Regional Technical Forum (RTF), and the 

Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (NEEA). This included technical information on 

measure savings, costs, and lives, hourly end-use load shapes (to supplement building 

simulations described above), and commercial building and energy characteristics. 

 Additional Secondary Sources. The study relied on a number of secondary sources to 

characterize measures, assess baseline conditions, and benchmark results against other 

utilities’ experiences. These sources include the California Energy Commission’s 

Database of Energy Efficiency Resources (DEER), ENERGY STAR, the Energy 

Information Administration, and various utilities’ annual and evaluation reports on 

energy efficiency and demand response programs. 

Incorporation of Upcoming Codes and Standards 

While Cadmus’ analysis does not attempt to predict how energy codes and standards may 

change, it does capture legislation that has been enacted, even if it will not go into effect for 

several years. The most notable, recent efficiency regulation is the Energy Independence and 

Security Act of 2007 (EISA), which set new standards for general service lighting, motors, and 

other end use equipment. It is particularly important to capture the effects of this legislation 

because residential lighting has played a large role in PSE’s energy efficiency programs over the 

past several years. 

EISA requires that general service lighting becomes roughly 30 percent more efficient than 

current incandescent technology, with standards phased in by wattage from 2012 to 2014. In 

addition to the 2012 phase-in, EISA contains a backstop provision that requires still higher 

efficacy beginning in 2020. 

To ensure an accurate assessment of remaining lighting potential, Cadmus created a new forecast 

netting out EISA’s effect on residential lighting (Figure 3). This was based on a strict 

interpretation of the legislation, assuming that affected bulbs would be replaced with 

technologies meeting EISA minimum standards, meaning savings from CFL and LED 

technologies would still exist. Note that PSE’s 2009 IRP assumed CFLs would become the de 

facto baseline after the codes took effect, thus eliminating the potential for CFLs. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 12 

Figure 3: Residential Lighting Forecasts Before and After EISA Adjustment 

While the new residential lighting standards have the largest effect on potential, several other 

codes and standards were explicitly accounted for in this study. Specifically, these: 

 Current Washington state energy code (as of 2010) 

 Residential water heating standards established on April 16, 2010, and taking effect in 

2015, setting new requirement for Efficiency Factor (EF)6: The analysis assumes that, 

beginning in 2015, all new equipment installed will meet these minimum efficiency 

requirements. 

Table 11. 2015 Residential Water Heater EF Requirements 

Equipment Type 55 Gallons and Below 56 Gallons and Above 

Electric Storage EF = 0.960 - (0.0003 × Rated Storage 

Volume in gallons) 

EF = 2.057 - (0.00113 × Rated Storage 

Volume in gallons) 

Gas-fired Storage EF = 0.675 - (0.0015 × Rated Storage 

Volume in gallons) 

EF = 0.8012 - (0.00078 × Rated Storage 

Volume in gallons 

Gas-fired Instantaneous EF = 0.82 

 Two commercial lighting standards are phased in over the study horizon. First, as of July 

2010, Department of Energy standards mandate that magnetic ballasts be phased out and 

replaced with electronic ballasts. In addition, standards require that all T-12 lamps be 

phased-out beginning in July 2012.7

 These standards are modeled as a percentage 

reduction to the lighting end use intensity (EUI), phased in upon ballast replacement. The 

EUI reduction is based on two factors: 

 

6

 http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/pdfs/htgp_finalrule_fedreg.pdf 7

 http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/fluorescent_lamp_ballasts.html 

0

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Year

SalesIncorporating EISA

Baseline Forecast

Effect of EISA
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 13 

1. The difference in wattage between a T-12 lamp with a magnetic ballast and a T-8 

lamp with an electronic ballast, and, 

2. The percentage of floor space lit by T-12 lamps, as estimated by the 2009 CBSA. 

The remainder of this section outlines the specific methodologies used for each resource. 

Energy Efficiency 

The methodology used for estimating the technical and achievable technical energy-efficiency 

potential is based on standard industry practices. This methodology is consistent with that of the 

Council in its assessments of conservation potentials for the 6th Northwest Regional Power Plan 

(6th Plan). The general approach, shown in Figure 4, illustrates how baseline and efficiency data 

are combined to develop estimates of potential for use in PSE’s IRP process. 

Figure 4. General Methodology for Assessment of Energy Efficiency Potentials 

Developing Baseline Forecasts 

As shown, the first step entails creating a baseline (no-DSR) forecast. In the residential and 

commercial sectors, the analysis relies on a bottom-up forecasting approach, beginning with 

annual consumption estimates by segment, end use, and efficiency level of equipment. Average 

base-year use per customer is then calculated from the saturations of equipment, fuel, and 

efficient equipment. These estimates are validated by comparison to PSE’s historical use per 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 14 

customer, and a forecast of future energy sales is then created based on expected new 

construction and equipment turnover rate. 

In the industrial sector, as is standard practice, PSE’s industrial forecast is disaggregated to end 

uses based on data available from the EIA’s Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey. 

To bundle potential by cost, data on measure costs, savings, and market size were collected at the 

most granular level possible. Within each fuel and sector, the study distinguished between 

customer segments or facility types and their respective applicable end uses. Cadmus conducted 

the analyses for the following customer segments: 

 Six residential segments (existing and new construction for single-family, multifamily, 

and manufactured homes), 

 20 commercial segments (10 building types within the existing and new construction 

vintages), 

 17 industrial segments (17 facility types, treated only as an existing construction vintage) 

Estimating Technical Potential 

To estimate technical potential, a comprehensive list of measures was developed for all sectors, 

segments, and end uses. For the residential and commercial sectors, the study begins with a 

review of a broad range of energy-efficiency measures. These measures are then screened to 

include only those measures that are: (1) commonly available, (2) based on well-understood 

technology, and (3) applicable to PSE’s buildings and end uses. 

The industrial sector measures were based on the Council’s 6th Plan and other general categories 

of process improvements.8

 

The study encompasses 309 unique electric energy-efficiency measures and 106 unique gas 

energy-efficiency measures (Table 12). When expanded across segment, end use, and 

construction vintage, this amounts to over 6,000 measures. (A comprehensive list of measures 

included in the analysis is provided in Appendix B.2, with inputs and outputs provided in 

Appendix B.3.) 

Table 12. Energy-Efficiency Measure Counts by Fuel 

Sector Electric Measure Counts Gas Measure Counts 

Residential 89 unique, 922 permutations across 

segments 

48 unique, 409 permutations across segments 

Commercial 138 unique, 2,503 permutations across 

segments 

50 unique, 908 permutations across segments 

Industrial 82 unique, 1,145 permutations across 

segments 

8 unique process improvements, 

124 permutations across segments 

For every measure permutation contained in the study, a number of key inputs—varying by 

segment and end use—were compiled, specifically, these: 

 

8

 Industrial improvements are derived from a variety of practices and specific measures defined in DOE’s 

Industrial Assessment Centers Database, http://www.iac.rutgers.edu/database/. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 15 

 Measure savings. The energy savings associated with a measure as a percentage of the 

total end-use consumption. Sources include engineering calculations, energy simulation 

modeling, the Regional Technical Forum (RTF), the Council’s 6th Plan, and secondary 

sources such as Energy Star and DEER. 

 Measure costs. The per-unit cost (either full or incremental, depending on the 

application) associated with installation of the measure. Sources include the Council’s 6th

Plan, DEER, RS Means, and merchant Websites. 

 Measure life. The expected useful life (EUL) of the measure. Sources include the 

Council’s 6th Plan, DEER, and demand-side management (DSM) program evaluations. 

 Measure applicability. A general term encompassing a number of factors, such as the 

technical feasibility of installation, the current saturation of the measure, measure 

interaction, and competition. Where possible, applicability factors are based on PSE 

survey data. 

An alternate sales forecasts was created, incorporating the effects of all technically feasible 

measures, and the difference between this forecast and the baseline forecast represents the 

technical potential. This method allows for long-term estimates of technical potential by 

measure, while accounting for changes in baseline conditions inherent in the baseline forecast. 

Achievable Technical Potential 

“Achievable technical potential” is defined as that portion of technical potential expected to be 

reasonably achievable over the course of the planning horizon. This estimate accounts for likely 

rates of acquisition and market barriers to customer adoption, but it does not address costeffectiveness or acquisition mechanism (utility programs, codes and standards, market 

transformation, etc.). Thus, the amount of savings a utility can expect to acquire cost-effectively 

may be substantially lower than this estimate. 

This study, consistent with the Council’s 6th Plan, assumes an achievability factor for electric 

energy efficiency of 85 percent. For lost opportunity measures, this number (which is applied 

directly to the total technical potential for discretionary measures) is ramped in at a rate 

determined by the technology. Because of this ramp-up, less than 85 percent of the lost 

opportunity potential will be acquired over the planning horizon, consistent with the Council’s 

methodology9

. 

Due to higher up-front cost of equipment for gas resources, it is assumed that 75 percent of the 

technical potential could be achieved over the planning horizon. 

As discussed previously, lost opportunity measures have an inherent technical ramping based on 

new construction and equipment turnover rates. In contrast, discretionary opportunities can be 

acquired at any point. For this study, it is assumed that all achievable electric and gas 

discretionary measures can be acquired in 10 years. This 10-year accelerated ramp-in for 

discretionary measures is considered by PSE to be a reasonable representation of the overall rate 

 

9

 This is consistent with the Council’s assumption that 65 percent of lost opportunity resources can be acquired, 

as discussed in: A Retrospective Look at the Northwest Power and Conservation Council’s Conservation 

Planning Assumptions, April 2007 - http://www.nwcouncil.org/library/2007/2007-13.htm 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 16 

of energy savings acquisition for resource planning analyses. It should be noted that actual 

market ramp rates will vary for specific measures. 

Fuel Conversion 

In the context of this study, “fuel conversion” refers to electric savings opportunities involving 

substitution of natural gas for electricity through replacement of space heating systems, water 

heating equipment, and appliances. Fuel conversion is only considered for existing single-family 

homes, new multifamily buildings, and both existing and new commercial facilities. These 

segments are considered the most likely and able to convert. 

Cadmus’ analysis is an extension of the energy-efficiency analysis described above, identifying 

applicable equipment and customers based on the following criteria: 

 Customers must be within PSE’s combined service territory. That is, areas where PSE 

provides both electricity and natural gas. 

 Customers must be either existing gas customers or on a gas main. 

 For existing construction, customers must have a ducted system for space heating 

conversion. 

 New natural gas equipment must meet energy-efficiency program criteria (90 percent 

AFUE furnace, ENERGY STAR water heater, etc.). 

Once eligible populations for each equipment type are identified, measure costs and savings are 

compiled, consistent with the energy-efficiency analysis. Cadmus also accounts for additional 

up-front costs required due to the natural gas conversion (line extensions, piping, etc.). The cost 

of natural gas consumed over the life of the measure, calculated based on forecasted avoided 

costs, is treated as an O&M cost and is included in the calculation of the cost of conserved 

electricity. 

As with energy efficiency, the technical potential assumes all eligible pieces of equipment are 

converted to natural gas. Achievability is based on the results of PSE’s 2008 fuel conversion 

survey, which asked customers about their likelihood of participating at various incentive levels. 

Based on this survey, this analysis assumes 63 percent achievability, the value associated with 

PSE covering the entire incremental cost of conversion. Available potential is assumed to be 

acquired in equal amounts annually over the planning horizon. 

Demand Response 

The methodology for estimating demand response potential is illustrated in Figure 5. The 

approach begins with utility system loads, which are disaggregated by sector, segment, and 

applicable end use. For each program strategy, technical potential impacts are calculated for all 

applicable end uses. 

Note that technical potential for demand response resources is not particularly useful for 

planning, as it tends to be much higher than what can actually be attained. For example, nearly 

every central air conditioner could, in theory, be controlled. However, in practice, program and 

event participation rates are likely to be much lower than 100 percent, depending on the program 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 17 

strategy. To estimate achievable technical potential, these expected rates are applied by program 

strategy to inform the IRP process. 

Figure 5. Schematic Overview of Demand Response Assessment Methodology 

Identify Eligible Loads 

Estimation of both technical and achievable technical demand-response potential requires an 

understanding of available loads in peak periods by sector, segment, and end use. These loads are 

identified through the following steps: 

1. Estimate the hourly demand by sector, segment, and end use. This task begins with the 

baseline forecast by sector, segment, and end use. Annual energy consumption for each 

combination is spread over hourly end-use loadshapes to estimate the demand in every 

hour of the year. To ensure the appropriateness of the loadshapes, hourly end-use demand 

is aggregated to the sector and system levels and compared to PSE’s actual hourly loads.

2. Develop a list of program strategies for inclusion in analysis. The list of strategies was 

designed to include both price- and incentive-based options for all major customer 

segments and end uses in PSE’s service territory. The list is informed by the 2009 IRP, 

PSE’s demand response pilot program experience, and programs offered by other 

utilities. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 18 

3. Define the applicable sectors, segments and end uses for each program strategy. Not all 

loads analyzed in Step 1 will be candidates for any given demand response program 

strategy. Therefore, for each program strategy, applicable sectors, segments, and end uses 

are identified, establishing the peak demand that the given program can target. 

Estimating Technical Potential 

Technical potential (TP) for each demand response program is assumed to be a function of: 

 customer eligibility in each class, 

 affected end uses in that class, and 

 the expected strategy impact on the targeted end uses. 

Analytically, technical potential for each demand-response program strategy (p) is calculated as 

the sum of impacts at the end-use level (e) generated in customer segment (s) by the strategy: 

TPpes  LEps  LI pes

and 

TPp  TPpes

where, 

LEps (load eligibility) represents the percent of customer segment (s) loads applicable for 

program strategy (p), referenced as “Eligible Load” in the program assumptions; and 

LIpes (load impact) is the percentage reduction in end-use load (e) for each segment (s) 

resulting from the program (p), referenced as “Technical Potential as a percent of Load 

Basis” in the program assumptions. 

Estimating Achievable Technical Potential 

Achievable technical potential is a subset of technical potential that accounts for the customers’ 

ability and willingness to participate in capacity-focused programs subject to their unique 

business priorities, operating requirements, and economic (price) considerations. 

For each program strategy, achievable technical potential is calculated by adjusting the technical 

potential by two factors: 

 expected rates of program participation (percent of eligible load that would sign up for 

the program) 

 event participation (percent of signed-up load that would participate in a given event) 

Estimates of each factor were informed by PSE’s program experience and/or secondary research. 

Assumptions for each program strategy are detailed in Section 4. 

Demand-response programs vary significantly with respect to both the type and magnitude of 

costs. Applicable resource acquisition costs for demand-response strategies generally fall into 

two categories: (1) fixed direct expenses, such as infrastructure, administration, and data 

acquisition; and (2) variable costs, such as incentive payments to participants. Annual costs and 

impacts over the 20-year horizon are calculated based on available potential, assumed rate of 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 19 

acquisition, and participant attrition, allowing for a calculation of the levelized cost ($/kW-year) 

of each program strategy and allowing for comparison to supply-side alternatives. Estimates of 

achievable technical potential are combined with per-unit resource costs to produce resource 

supply curves. 

Distributed Generation 

Distributed generation potentials were not estimated as part of this study. PSE incorporated the 

results of the 2009 IRP analysis into its 2011 IRP. For detailed potentials from the 2009 IRP 

analysis, see the 2008 Cadmus’ report.10

 

10 http://www.pse.com/SiteCollectionDocuments/2009IRP/AppL1_IRP09.pdf 

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 21 

2. Energy-Efficiency Potentials 

Scope of Analysis 

The primary objective for this assessment was to develop accurate estimates of available energyefficiency potential, essential for PSE’s IRP and program planning efforts. To support these 

efforts, Cadmus performed an in-depth assessment of technical potential and achievable 

technical potential for electric and gas resources in the residential, commercial, and industrial 

sectors. This potential was then bundled in terms of cost of conserved energy, allowing the IRP 

model to determine the optimal amount of energy-efficiency potential to select. The remainder of 

this section is divided into two parts: (1) a summary of resource potentials by fuel, and 

(2) detailed results by fuel and sector. 

Summary of Resource Potentials – Electric 

Table 13 shows 2031 forecasted baseline electric sales and potential by sector.11 As shown, the 

results of this study indicate 961 aMW of technically feasible electric energy-efficiency potential 

will be available by 2031, the end of the 20-year planning horizon. This translates to an 

achievable technical potential of 645 aMW. Were all of this potential cost-effective and 

realizable, it would amount to an 18 percent reduction in 2031 forecasted retail sales and a 

reduction in projected load growth of roughly 50 percent. 

Table 13. Electric Energy-Efficiency Potential by Sector, Cumulative in 2031 

 Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential 

Sector Baseline 

Sales 

aMW Percent of 

Baseline Sales 

aMW Percent of 

Baseline Sales 

Residential 1,620 566 35% 336 21% 

Commercial 1,823 373 20% 291 16% 

Industrial 111 22 20% 18 17% 

Total 3,554 961 27% 645 18% 

 

Figure 6 illustrates the relationship between identified technical potential and achievable 

technical potential and the corresponding cost of conserved electricity.12 As an example, there is 

approximately 500 aMW of achievable potential available at a cost of less than $120 per MWh.

 

11 These savings are based on forecasts of future consumption absent any utility program activities. While 

consumption forecasts account for the past savings PSE has acquired, the estimated potential is inclusive of—

not in addition to—current or forecasted program savings. 12 In the calculation of levelized cost of conserved energy, non-energy benefits are treated as a negative cost. This 

leads to some measures having a negative cost of conserved energy, although there would be an incremental upfront cost. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 22 

Figure 6. Electric DSR Supply Curves – Cumulative in 2031 

The cumulative potential available in each sector annually is presented in Figure 7. The 10-year 

acceleration of discretionary resources leads to the change in slope after 2021. 

Figure 7. Electric Energy Efficiency Acquisition Schedule by Sector 

Summary of Resource Potentials – Natural Gas 

Table 14 illustrates the 2031 forecasted baseline natural gas sales and potential by sector. As 

shown, the results of this study indicate roughly 427 million therms of technically feasible 

energy-efficiency potential by 2031, the end of the 20-year planning horizon. This translates to $/MWh

 $0

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 $150

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Residential Commercial Industrial
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 23 

an achievable technical potential of 268 million therms. If all of this potential was cost-effective 

and realizable, it would amount to a 20-percent reduction in 2031 forecasted retail sales, 

offsetting approximately 68 percent of forecasted load growth from 2012 to 2031. 

Table 14. Natural Gas Energy-Efficiency Potential by Sector, Cumulative in 2031 

 Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential 

Sector Baseline 

Sales 

Million 

Therms 

Percent of 

Baseline Sales 

Million 

Therms 

Percent of 

Baseline Sales 

Residential 846 303 36% 183 22% 

Commercial 445 117 26% 80 18% 

Industrial 31 7 21% 5 16% 

Total 1,322 427 32% 268 20% 

Figure 8 illustrates the relationship between identified technical potential and achievable 

technical potential and the corresponding cost of conserved energy. As an example, there are 

roughly 120 million therms of achievable potential available at a cost of less than $1 per therm. 

Figure 8. Natural Gas DSR Potential Supply Curves, Cumulative in 2031 

The cumulative potential available in each sector annually is presented in Figure 9. As with 

electric potential, the study assumes all achievable discretionary opportunities will be acquired 

over ten years. $/Therm

 $0.00

 $1.50

 $3.00

 $4.50

 $6.00

 $7.50

 $9.00

$10.50

$12.00

$13.50

$15.00

Cumulative Million Therms

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

Achievable Technical Potential Technical Potential
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 24 

Figure 9. Natural Gas Energy Efficiency Acquisition Schedule by Sector 

Detailed Resource Potentials 

Residential Sector – Electric 

Residential customers in PSE’s service territory are expected to account for almost one-half of 

baseline electric retail sales by 2031. The single-family, manufactured, and multifamily 

dwellings that comprise this sector present a variety of potential savings sources, including 

equipment efficiency upgrades (e.g., air conditioning, refrigerators), improvements to building 

shells (e.g., insulation, windows, air sealing), and increases in lighting efficiency (e.g., compact 

fluorescent and LED light bulbs). As described in Section 1, the expected impacts of new 

lighting standards established through EISA have been removed from the potential presented in 

this section. 

As shown in Figure 10, single-family homes represent 73 percent of the total achievable 

technical residential electric potential, followed by multifamily (16 percent) and manufactured 

homes (9 percent). The main driver of these results is each home type’s proportion of baseline 

sales, but other factors play an important role in determining potential, such as heating fuel 

sources,. For example, a higher percentage of manufactured homes are heated electrically than 

other home types, which increases their relative share of the potential. However, manufactured 

homes are typically smaller than detached single-family homes, and per-customer energy use is 

lower, so the same measure may save less in a manufactured home than in a single-family home. 

Volume II, Appendix B.3 provides a comprehensive list of the factors that impact segment-level 

energy-efficiency potential. 

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Million Therms

Residential Commercial Industrial
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 25 

Figure 10. Residential Electric Achievable Technical Potential by Segment, 

Cumulative in 2031 

Heating end uses represent the largest portion (27 percent) of achievable technical potential. 

Water heating, lighting, and consumer electronics also represent over 10 percent of the total 

identified potential. Because the analysis assumes an EISA-minimum lighting baseline, a 

considerable amount of energy-efficiency potential remains in the lighting end use, even after 

EISA effects have been removed from the baseline forecast. Figure 11 shows the total achievable 

technical potential by end-use group. Detailed potentials by end use are presented in Table 15. 

Total: 336 aMW

Single Family

73%

Multi Family

17%

Manufactured

10%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 26 

Figure 11. Residential Electric Achievable Technical Potential by End Use, 

Cumulative in 2031 

Table 15. Residential Electric Potential by End Use, Cumulative in 2031 

 Technical Potential Achievable Technical 

Potential 

End Use Baseline 

Sales (aMW) aMW Percent of Baseline Sales aMW Percent of Baseline Sales 

Appliances 288 42 14% 27 9% 

Computer 37 10 27% 5 13% 

Consumer Electronics 222 86 39% 46 21% 

Cooling 27 14 52% 10 38% 

Heat Pump 43 17 40% 12 29% 

Heating 298 143 48% 90 30% 

Lighting 198 121 61% 56 28% 

Other Plug Loads 163 18 11% 14 9% 

Pool Pump 6 2 42% 1 23% 

Ventilation and Circulation 81 29 35% 13 15% 

Water Heat 257 84 33% 62 24% 

Total 1,620 566 35% 336 21%

Additional details regarding the savings associated with specific measures assessed within each 

end use are provided in Volume II, Appendix B.3. 

Figure 12 shows annual cumulative achievable technical potential by resource type for the sector. 

Discretionary measures are acquired in equal increments over a ten-year period and account for 

37 percent of cumulative achievable technical potential in 2031. 

Total: 336 aMW

Cooling: 3%, Computer: 1%, Pool Pump: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heating

27%

Water Heat

19%

Lighting

17%

Consumer Electronics

14%

Appliances

8%

Plug Load

4%

Ventilation and Circulation

4%

Heat Pump

4%

Other End Uses

5%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 27 

Figure 12. Residential Electric Annual Cumulative Achievable Technical Potential by 

Resource Type 

Residential Sector – Natural Gas 

By 2031, residential customers are expected to account for over 55 percent of PSE’s natural gas 

sales. Unlike residential electricity consumption, relatively few natural gas-fired end uses exist 

(primarily, space heating, water heating, and appliances); however, significant energy savings 

opportunities remain available. Based on resources used in this assessment, the achievable 

technical potential in the residential sector is expected to be about 183 million therms over 20 

years, corresponding to a 19-percent reduction of forecasted 2031 sales. 

Single-family homes account for 98 percent of the identified achievable technical potential, as 

shown in Figure 13. Due to lack of gas connections, only two percent of total achievable 

technical potential is in multifamily and manufactured residences. 

0

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aMW

Discretionary LostOpportunity
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 28 

Figure 13. Residential Natural Gas Achievable Technical Potential by Segment, 

Cumulative in 2031 

The space heating and water heating end uses account for over 99 percent of the identified 

achievable technical potential (Figure 14). This potential is a combination of high-efficiency 

equipment (such as condensing furnaces and water heaters) and retrofits (such as shell measures, 

duct and pipe insulation, and low-flow showerheads). Detailed potentials by end use are 

presented in Table 16. 

Total: 183 Million Therms

Multi Family: 2%, Manufactured: <1%

Note: 'Other Segments' includes:

Single Family

98%

Other Segments

2%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 29 

Figure 14. Residential Natural Gas Achievable Technical Potential by End Use, 

Cumulative in 2031 

Table 16. Residential Natural Gas Potential by End Use, Cumulative in 2031 

 Technical Potential Achievable Technical 

Potential 

End Use Baseline Sales 

(Million Therms) 

Million 

Therms 

Percent of 

Baseline Sales 

Million 

Therms

Percent of 

Baseline Sales 

Cooking 16 0 0% 0 0% 

Dryer 8 1 7% 0 3% 

Heating 554 219 40% 138 25% 

Miscellaneous End Uses 23 0 0% 0 0% 

Pool Heat 5 0 5% 0 3% 

Water Heat 240 83 35% 45 19% 

Total 830 303 37% 183 22% 

Figure 15 shows residential natural gas annual cumulative achievable technical potential by 

resource type. Discretionary measures are acquired in equal increments over a ten-year period 

and account for 61 percent of cumulative achievable technical potential in 2031. 

Total: 183 Million Therms

Dryer: <1%, Pool Heat: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heating

75%

Water Heat

24%

Other End Uses

<1%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 30 

Figure 15. Residential Natural Gas Annual Cumulative Achievable Technical Potential by 

Resource Type 

Commercial Sector – Electric 

Based on resources included in this assessment, electric achievable technical potential in the 

commercial sector is expected to be 291 aMW over 20 years, a 17 percent reduction in 

forecasted 2031 commercial sales. 

As shown in Figure 16, offices represent almost half of the available potential (41 percent). 

Miscellaneous facilities (15 percent) also represent a large portion of available potential. The 

miscellaneous segment consists of customers who do not fit into any of the other categories and 

customers for whom there is not enough information to be classified. 

0

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80

100

120

140

160

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200

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Discretionary LostOpportunity
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 31 

Figure 16. Commercial Electric Achievable Technical Potential by Segment, 

Cumulative in 2031 

Lighting efficiency improvements represent by far the largest portion of achievable technical 

potential in the commercial sector (37 percent), followed by cooling (13 percent), space heating 

(10 percent), and HVAC auxiliary (10 percent), as shown in Figure 17. The large lighting 

potential entails bringing existing buildings to code and exceeding code in new and existing 

structures. Table 17 shows how baseline sales and savings are distributed across end uses. 

Total: 291 aMW Office

41%

Miscellaneous Facilities

15%

Retail

12%

Grocery

7%

Education

7%

Hospital

6%

Restaurant

5%

Warehouse

4%

Lodging

3%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 32 

Figure 17. Commercial Electric Achievable Technical Potential by End Use, 

Cumulative in 2031 

 Table 17. Commercial Electric Potential by End Use, Cumulative in 2031 

 Technical Potential Achievable Technical 

Potential 

End Use Baseline 

Sales (aMW) aMW Percent of Baseline Sales aMW Percent of Baseline Sales 

Computers 64 18 28% 9 15% 

Cooking 24 1 4% 1 3% 

Cooling 111 49 44% 39 35% 

HVAC Auxiliary 299 38 13% 29 10% 

Heat Pump 78 28 36% 21 27% 

Lighting 757 134 18% 108 14% 

Other Plug Loads 208 17 8% 14 7% 

Refrigeration 105 22 21% 17 16% 

Space Heat 102 36 36% 30 30% 

Water Heat 74 29 39% 22 29% 

Total 1,823 373 20% 291 16% 

Figure 18 shows commercial electric annual cumulative achievable technical potential by 

resource type. Discretionary measures are acquired in equal increments over a ten-year period 

and account for 72 percent of cumulative achievable technical potential in 2031. 

Total: 291 aMW

Plug Load: 5%, Computers: 3%, Cooking: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

37%

Cooling

13%

Space Heat

10%

HVAC Aux

10% Water Heat

7%

Heat Pump

7%

Refrigeration

6%

Other End Uses

8%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 33 

Figure 18. Commercial Electric Annual Cumulative Achievable Technical Potential by 

Resource Type 

Commercial Sector – Natural Gas 

Based on resources included in this assessment, natural gas achievable technical potential in the 

commercial sector is expected to be 80 million therms over 20 years, an 18 percent reduction in 

forecasted 2031 commercial sales. Achievable technical natural gas potential in the commercial 

sector represents about one-third of the total identified potential across all sectors. For electric 

customers, office buildings represent the largest portion of potential (26 percent, Figure 19). 

Significant amounts of achievable technical potential are also available in miscellaneous 

facilities (19 percent) and education buildings (18 percent). 

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

20122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025202620272028202920302031

aMW

Discretionary LostOpportunity
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 34 

Figure 19. Commercial Natural Gas Achievable Technical Potential by Segment, 

Cumulative in 2031 

As in the residential sector, there are far fewer gas-fired end uses than electric end uses. Space 

heating accounts for 76 percent of the identified potential, and the remaining potential is mostly 

in water heating (21 percent), with small amounts in cooking and pool heating (Figure 20 and 

Table 18). 

Total: 80 Million Therms

Warehouse: 5%, Grocery: 3%, Lodging: 3%

Note: 'Other Segments' includes:

Office

26%

Miscellaneous Facilities

19%

Education

18%

Hospital

12%

Retail

11%

Restaurant

5%

Other Segments

10%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 35 

Figure 20. Commercial Natural Gas Achievable Technical Potential by End Use, 

Cumulative in 2031 

Table 18. Commercial Natural Gas Potential by End Use, Cumulative in 2031 

 Technical Potential Achievable Technical 

Potential 

End Use Baseline Sales 

(Million Therms) 

Million 

Therms 

Percent of 

Baseline Sales 

Million 

Therms 

Percent of 

Baseline Sales 

Cooking 62 3 5% 2 3% 

Heating 293 88 30% 60 21% 

Pool Heat 6 1 18% 1 13% 

Water Heat 84 25 30% 17 20% 

Total 445 117 26% 80 18% 

Figure 21 shows commercial natural gas annual cumulative achievable technical potential by 

resource type. Discretionary measures are acquired in equal increments across a ten year period 

and account for 65 percent of cumulative achievable technical potential in 2031. 

Total: 80 Million Therms

Cooking: 3%, Pool Heat: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heating

76%

Water Heat

21%

Other End Uses

3%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 36 

Figure 21. Commercial Natural Gas Annual Cumulative Achievable Technical Potential by 

Resource Type 

Industrial Sector – Electric 

Technical and achievable technical energy-efficiency potential were estimated for major end 

uses within 17 major industrial sectors. (For a list of these industries, along with baseline 

information, see Volume II, Appendix B.1.) Across all industries, achievable technical potential 

totals approximately 18 aMW over the 20-year planning horizon, corresponding to an 18 percent 

reduction of forecasted 2031 industrial consumption. 

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

20122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025202620272028202920302031

MillionTherms

Discretionary LostOpportunity
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 37 

Figure 22. Industrial Sector Electric Achievable Technical Potential by Segment 

The majority of electric achievable technical potentials in the industrial sector (50 percent) are in 

pumps, shown in Figure 23. Process improvement measures (16 percent) and fans (12 percent) 

also comprise significant portions of available technical potential. A small amount of additional 

potential exists for lighting and other facility improvements. Detailed potentials by end use are 

presented in Table 19. All industrial measures are considered discretionary with savings acquired 

over a ten-year timeframe. 

Total: 18 aMW

Metals: 2%, Transportation: 2%, Printing: 1%, Paper: 1%, Minerals: 1%, Electrical: <1%, Chemicals: <1%, Plastic/Rubber: <1%, Petroleum: <1%

Note: 'Other Segments' includes:

Water

58%

Wastewater

12%

Miscellaneous

7%

Food

4%

Wood Products

3%

Electronics

3%

Machinery

3%

Other Segments

10%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 38 

Figure 23. Industrial Electric Achievable Technical Potential by End Use, 

Cumulative in 2031 

Table 19. Industrial Electric Potential by End Use, Cumulative in 2031 

 Technical Potential Achievable Technical 

Potential 

End Use Baseline 

Sales (aMW) aMW Percent of Baseline Sales aMW Percent of Baseline Sales 

Fans 8 3 33% 2 28% 

HVAC 10 1 8% 1 7% 

Indirect Boiler 1 0 0% 0 0% 

Lighting 8 2 20% 1 17% 

Motors Other 15 3 17% 2 14% 

Other 10 0 0% 0 0% 

Process 23 3 14% 3 12% 

Pumps 36 11 30% 9 26% 

Total 111 22 20% 18 17% 

Industrial Sector – Natural Gas 

Most industrial processes and end uses are powered by electricity and, thus, the industrial sector 

represents a small portion of natural gas baseline sales and potential. 

Across all industries, achievable technical potential totals approximately 5 million therms over 

20 years. Although this represents 16 percent of forecasted 2031 industrial sales, it accounts for 

only 2 percent of the achievable technical potential across the three sectors. As shown in Figure 

24, substantial achievable technical potential lies in miscellaneous manufacturing (16 percent), 

machinery (14 percent), metals (12 percent), and paper (11 percent). 

Total: 18 aMW

HVAC: 4%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Pumps

50%

Process

16%

Fans

12%

Motors Other

12%

Lighting

7%

Other End Uses

4%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 39 

Figure 24. Industrial Natural Gas Achievable Technical Potential by Segment, 

Cumulative in 2031 

Half of the achievable technical potential comes from process heating improvements. The 

remaining potentials are in HVAC and boiler improvements (Figure 25 and Table 20). All 

industrial measures are considered discretionary with savings acquired over a ten-year 

timeframe. 

Total: 5 Million Therms

Wood Products: 4%, Plastic/Rubber: 4%, Electrical: 3%, Chemicals: 2%, Paper: 1%, Petroleum: <1%

Note: 'Other Segments' includes:

Miscellaneous

16%

Machinery

14%

Metals

12%

Printing

11%

Transportation

10%

Food

9%

Minerals

7%

Electronics

6%

Other Segments

15%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 40 

Figure 25. Industrial Natural Gas Achievable Technical Potential by End Use 

Table 20. Industrial Natural Gas Potential by End Use, Cumulative in 2031 

 Technical Potential Achievable Technical 

Potential 

End Use Baseline Sales 

(Million Therms) 

Million 

Therms

Percent of 

Baseline Sales 

Million 

Therms 

Percent of 

Baseline Sales 

HVAC 9 2 21% 1 15% 

Indirect Boiler 9 1 16% 1 12% 

Other 0 0 0% 0 0% 

Process Heat 12 3 27% 2 20% 

Process Other 1 0 9% 0 6% 

Total 31 7 21% 5 16% 

Total: 5 Million Therms

Process Heat

50%

HVAC

28%

Indirect Boiler

21%

Process Other

1%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 41 

3. Fuel Conversion Potentials 

Scope of Analysis 

In the context of this study, “fuel conversion” refers to electricity saving opportunities involving 

substitution of natural gas for electricity through replacement of space heating systems, water 

heating equipment, and appliances. 

In the area where PSE provides both gas and electric service, fuel conversion potentials were 

examined for existing residential single-family homes, existing and new commercial buildings, 

and new multifamily structures. Three end uses were included in the analysis for single and 

multifamily homes: space heating, water heating, and appliances (clothes dryers and cooking 

ranges). For new multifamily homes, the potential from conversion of electric baseboard heating 

to natural gas furnaces was also included in Cadmus’ analysis. For commercial buildings, only 

space and water heating end uses were analyzed. 

Summary of Resource Potentials 

Fuel conversion technical potentials were calculated by assuming all applicable customers and 

end uses would be converted. As part of the 2009 IRP, a survey of residential customers was 

conducted to help determine the willingness of customers to switch from an electric heating 

system to a gas heating system. Based on this survey, approximately 63 percent of respondents 

indicated they would either be likely or highly likely to convert from electric to gas space heating 

if the utility were to pay 100 percent of the cost. As such, the achievable technical potential is 

assumed to be 63 percent of the technical potential. In the absence of comparable primary data, 

the same percentage was used for the commercial sector. 

Based on the results of the survey and previous PSE experience, it is assumed that of the new 

residential-sector gas customers who convert a space heater, 70 percent will also convert a water 

heater, and 5 percent will convert a range and/or dryer. For existing gas customers, all will 

convert a water heater, and 5 percent will convert a range and/or dryer. Similar percentages are 

assumed for the water heating conversions in the commercial sector. 

The cumulative electric technical potential from fuel conversion by 2031 is estimated at 55 

aMW. Acquisition of the indicated electricity savings would, however, result in increased gas 

consumption of about 35 million therms by 2031. After making the adjustments for achievability 

described above, the total achievable technical electric savings potential of fuel conversion in 

2031 is estimated at just over 22 aMW. This achievable technical potential corresponds to 

increased gas consumption of about 15 million therms. 

Technical and achievable technical potential by customer type and market segment are shown in 

Table 21 and Table 22, respectively 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 42 

Table 21. Fuel Conversion Potentials by Customer Type, Cumulative in 2031 

Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential 

Customer Type 

Electric 

Savings 

(aMW) 

Additional Gas 

Usage (million 

therms) 

Electric 

Savings 

(aMW) 

Additional Gas 

Usage (million 

therms) 

Electric-Only 23.5 16.0 10.6 7.3 

Existing Gas Customer 31.4 18.6 11.5 7.5 

Total 54.9 34.6 22.1 14.8 

Table 22. Fuel Conversion Potentials by Market Segment, Cumulative in 2031 

Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential 

Market Segment 

Electric 

Savings 

(aMW) 

Additional Gas 

Usage (million 

therms) 

Electric 

Savings 

(aMW) 

Additional Gas 

Usage (million 

therms) 

Single Family 30.6 15.8 9.4 5.0 

Multifamily 1.6 1.3 0.5 0.4 

Commercial 22.7 17.5 12.3 9.4 

Total 54.9 34.6 22.1 14.8 

Detailed Resource Potentials 

Residential Sector 

The fuel conversion potential for single-family homes targets existing customers, while the 

multifamily conversion targets new construction. The new construction market size is cumulative 

over 20 years. Note that the potential market size accounts for current measure saturation. For 

example, some existing single-family homes already have a gas water heater, so those customers 

are not considered for water heater conversion. In addition, the potential market size for new 

construction excludes the percentage of customers who have historically included gas systems. 

Measures Considered 

Cadmus’ analysis of fuel conversion considered opportunities for three major end uses in 

residential dwellings: central heating, water heating, and appliances (clothes dryer and oven). 

 For new multifamily buildings, conversion of room (or zonal) heating systems to natural 

gas furnaces was examined. 

 For existing single-family buildings, the cost of converting an existing baseboard system 

to a central system was not considered, given the high cost of installing the necessary 

ductwork. 

Clothes dryers and cooking ranges were the only appliances considered in the study. Although 

the range of efficiencies for dryers tends to be narrow, a moisture sensor can be installed that will 

automatically shut off the dryer once the moisture level drops below a certain level. This 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 43 

measure can result in a 15-percent decrease in energy usage over a standard dryer due to reduced 

run-time.13 

Similarly, there are minor differences in the efficiency level of ovens, and an energy savings of 

20 percent can be achieved by using a convection oven.14 Applicable measures and their 

assumed technical specifications are shown in Table 23. These measures are equivalent to those 

used for the energy-efficiency analysis, and detailed descriptions can be found in Volume II, 

Appendix B. 

Table 23. End Uses and Measures Assessed 

End Use Gas Measure Electric Baseline

Space heating 90-percent AFUE condensing furnace Electric furnace 

Electric baseboard (new MF only) 

Water heating EF=0.67 storage water heater Electric water heater 

EF=0.82 tankless water heater 

Appliances Gas dryer w/ moisture sensor Electric dryer w/ moisture sensor 

Convection gas range Convection electric range 

Gas Availability 

Gas availability and its implications in terms of service extension costs is an important 

consideration in determining the potential for fuel conversion. A major factor in determining the 

cost of new gas service is whether an electric-only customer is on a gas main. For existing 

single-family customers, data from several sources (including PSE’s 2008 REUS) were used to 

determine availability. In addition, consideration was given to the size range of single family 

homes, given that larger homes are likely to use more energy for space heating. Homes of 2,000 

or fewer square feet were excluded as not meeting the programmatic requirements of sufficient 

electric usage.. 

PSE currently provides gas to approximately 49 percent of single-family homes in its electric 

service area. Customers who currently receive gas service from PSE are considered candidates 

only for additional gas-using equipment, without imposing additional line extension costs. The 

REUS was used to estimate the total number of gas-heated single-family homes with electric 

water heater and other appliances. This resulted in an estimate of nearly 24,000 existing gas 

homes eligible for conversion. 

Of the electric customers without PSE gas service, approximately one-third reside in PSE’s gas 

service territory. However, based on the latest data available from PSE, approximately 25 

percent of these customers are on a gas main and would be candidates for conversion of all 

applicable end uses. Off-main customers were excluded from the analysis, as too economically 

and technically impractical. 

For the multifamily segment, a previous residential survey (2004 Residential Energy Study) was 

used to determine the distribution of market share, as the REUS had only a small sample of 

multifamily homes. For new electric multifamily customers, approximately 14 percent are in 

 

13 http://www.consumerenergycenter.org/home/appliances/dryers.html 

14 http://www.aceee.org/consumerguide/cooking.htm A convection oven includes a fan within the oven cavity that 

results in air circulation around the food, increasing overall heat transfer to the food. This allows for lowered oven 

temperatures and shortened cooking times. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 44 

PSE combination territory, a quarter of which are on a main. Of those, approximately 1,200 

customers are expected to install a furnace, and another 1,000 customers will install baseboard 

heating systems. 

Conversion Costs and Savings 

The total resource cost (TRC) perspective was used to assess conversion costs. This considers 

the assumed installed cost of the gas measure, less the cost of the equivalent electric measure, 

and includes gas line extension costs. For electric-only customers, connecting a house to the gas 

main is assumed to require a service line extension of $3,600. Since it is expected current electric 

customers would at least install a gas furnace, the cost to add the gas line to the house is only 

added to the furnace costs. Other end uses will have an additional cost only for interior piping 

(estimated at $200 per piece of equipment, as determined through interviews with local HVAC 

contractors on PSE’s Contract Referral Service List). 

Figure 26 shows how cumulative electric savings categorized by home type and end use are 

distributed by levelized cost. Conversion savings were estimated based on the same assumed 

levels of unit energy consumption (UEC) used in the energy-efficiency analysis described in 

Section 2. Increased gas usage was counted as an ongoing annual O&M cost, and is included in 

the calculation of levelized cost. For baseline values, electric UECs (kWh/yr) and gas UECs 

(therms/year) from the baseline forecast for existing single-family and new multifamily homes 

were used. 

Figure 26. Residential Fuel Conversion Supply Curve, Cumulative in 2031 

$‐

$20

$40

$60

$80

$100

$120

$140

$160

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

$/MWh

aMW

Single Family Appliances Single Family Space Heating Single Family Water Heating

Multifamily Appliances Multifamily Space Heating Multifamily Water Heating
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 45 

Potential 

The technical and achievable technical conversion potential in 2031 for the residential sector by 

end use are given in Table 24 and Figure 27. 

Table 24. Residential Fuel Conversion Potential by End Use, Cumulative aMW in 2031 

End Use Technical 

Potential 

Achievable Technical 

Potential 

Clothes Drying 11.9 0.4 

Cooking 2.0 0.1 

Space Heating: Baseboard 0.3 0.1 

Space Heating: Ducted 2.8 0.9 

Water Heating 15.3 8.4 

Total 32.3 9.8 

Figure 27. Residential Fuel Conversion Achievable Technical Potential by End Use, 

Cumulative in 2031 

Commercial Sector 

Conversion of equipment in existing buildings and new facilities was included in the fuel 

conversion potential for the commercial sector. 

Measures Considered 

For existing facilities in the commercial sector, the measures considered were 90 percent AFUE 

furnaces and high-efficiency water heaters (≥0.67 EF storage and tankless). For the new 

construction segment, the same measures are included, as well as conversion from electric to gas 

warm-up heaters. Note that it is only the smaller buildings (less than approximately 7,500 square 

feet) that are likely to utilize a furnace. 

Total: 10 aMW

Space Heating: Baseboard: 1%, Cooking: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Water Heating

86%

Space Heating: Ducted

9%

Clothes Drying

4% Other End Uses

2%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 46 

Gas Availability 

Data from the 2008 Commercial Building Stock Assessment (CBSA), coupled with PSE’s 

nonresidential customer database, provided the market shares by territory and end use. Of 

existing electric-only customers, approximately 60 percent are in PSE gas territory, and a quarter 

of those are on a main line. For new customers, approximately 32 percent are expected to be in 

the combination service territory, a quarter of whom will be on a gas main. By applying this 

percentage to PSE’s commercial new customer forecast and accounting for saturation of 

furnaces, Cadmus estimates about 400 customers would be eligible over the 20-year study to 

install a furnace. This number excludes customers who are expected to install a gas line anyway. 

Additional potential exists for current gas customers who do not already have gas water heaters 

(approximately 6,500 customers). 

Conversion Costs and Benefits 

Conversion savings were estimated based on the assumed levels of UEC, consistent with those 

used in the energy-efficiency analysis described in Section 2. Increased gas usage is counted as 

an ongoing annual O&M cost, and is counted in the calculation of levelized cost. For baseline 

values, electric UECs (kWh/yr) and gas UECs (therms/year) from the baseline forecast were 

used. 

Figure 28 shows how cumulative electric savings by end use are distributed by levelized cost. 

Similar to the residential sector, service-line connection cost is added only to existing customers 

for the furnace cost. For simplicity, commercial buildings were modeled assuming an energy 

consumption that was the weighted average of all segments, based on likelihood of equipment 

being used in the given facility. 

Figure 28. Commercial Fuel Conversion Supply Curve, Cumulative in 2031 

Potential 

Table 25 and Figure 29 show the technical and achievable technical conversion potential in 2031 

by end use. The end-use “Space Heating: Ducted” represents conversion for electric furnaces in 

$‐

$50

$100

$150

$200

$250

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

$/MWh

aMW

Water Heating Space Heating
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 47 

existing buildings, while the “Space Heating” end use represents both furnace and gas warm-up 

heat conversion in new construction. 

Table 25. Commercial Fuel Conversion Potential by End Use, Cumulative aMW in 2031 

End Use Technical 

Potential 

Achievable Technical 

Potential 

Space Heating 1.4 0.9 

Space Heating: Ducted 0.4 0.3 

Water Heating 21.0 11.1 

Total 22.8 12.3 

Figure 29. Commercial Fuel Conversion Achievable Technical Potential by End Use, 

Cumulative in 2031 

Total: 12 aMW

Water Heating

91%

Space Heating

7%

Space Heating: Ducted

2%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 48 

4. Demand Response Potentials 

Scope of Analysis 

Focused on reducing a utility’s capacity needs, demand-response programs rely on flexible loads, 

which may be curtailed or interrupted during system emergencies or when wholesale market 

prices exceed the utility’s supply cost. These programs are designed to help reduce peak demand 

and promote improved system reliability. In some instances, these programs may defer 

investments in delivery and generation infrastructure. 

Demand-response objectives may be met through a broad range of strategies, both price-based 

(such as time-varying rates or interruptible tariffs) and incentive-based (such as direct load 

control) strategies. The following demand response strategies are used in this assessment: 

1. Direct Load Control (DLC) programs allow a utility to interrupt or cycle electrical 

equipment and appliances remotely at a customer’s facility. In this study, the assessment 

of DLC program potential is analyzed for two programs in the residential sector: 

 a combination program of central electric heating (including heat pumps) and electric 

water heating 

 a combination program of room heating and electric water heating 

2. Load Curtailment programs refer to contractual arrangements between the utility and a 

third-party aggregator that works with utility customers. The third-party aggregator 

typically guarantees a specific level of curtailment during an event period, achieving load 

reduction by working with utility customers who agree to curtail or interrupt their loads 

in whole or in part when requested. In most cases, participation is required once the 

customer enrolls in the program and incentives are paid per curtailed kW. Cadmus’ 

analysis of these programs assumes they target nonresidential customers with average 

monthly loads greater than 100 kW. Customers may use backup generation to meet 

displaced loads. 

3. Critical Peak Pricing (CPP) or extreme-day pricing refers to programs aiming to reduce 

system demand by encouraging customers to reduce their loads for a limited number of 

hours during the year. During such events, customers have the option of curtailing their 

usage or paying substantially higher-than-standard retail rates. CPP programs integrate a 

pricing structure similar to a time-of-use (TOU) program, with the distinction of more 

extreme pricing signals during critical events. CPP options are explored for both the 

residential and commercial sectors in this assessment.

As this study is an update to the 2009 IRP, the program options listed above are based largely on 

that assessment, with revisions based on input from PSE. After Cadmus completed a review of 

new demand response literature on the selected programs and on PSE’s pilot programs, updates 

were made to each program. Design specifications and assumptions underlying the analysis for 

each program strategy are described in detail in this chapter.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 49 

Summary of Resource Potentials 

Table 26 represents estimated resource potentials for all demand-response strategies for the 

residential, commercial, and industrial sectors during summer and winter. Achievable technical 

potential is highest in the residential sector due to the direct load control programs. Note that this 

analysis does not account for program interactions and overlap; thus, the total technical potential 

and achievable technical potential estimates may not be fully attainable if all program strategies 

are implemented. 

Table 26. Demand Response Technical and Achievable Technical Potential, MW in 2031 

Winter Summer 

Sector 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical As 

Percent of 

System Peak 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical As 

Percent of 

System Peak 

Residential 1,184 110 1.95% 402 32 0.72% 

Commercial 767 79 1.40% 783 82 1.85% 

Industrial 44 4 0.08% 54 5 0.12% 

Total 1,995 193 3.43% 1,239 119 2.68% 

*System peak is based on PSE's average load in the top 20 hours for each season.

Resource Costs and Supply Curves 

Applicable resource acquisition costs generally fall into two categories: (1) fixed program 

expenses such as infrastructure, administration, maintenance, and data acquisition; and 

(2) variable costs. Variable costs have two categories: those that vary by the number of 

customers (e.g., hardware costs) and those that vary by kW reduction (primarily incentives). 

Where possible, cost estimates were developed for each program option based on comparable 

programs offered by other utilities. In certain cases, costs at this level of detail were difficult to 

determine. Many utilities do not report specific program costs, and among those that do there are 

a wide range of costs. 

 Development of a new demand-response program can be a significant cost for a utility, requiring 

enrollment, call centers, program management, load research, development of evaluation 

protocols, changes to billing systems, and program marketing. Based on the experiences of 

utilities, this analysis assumed $400,000 as a typical first cost for program development for 

residential and nonresidential programs. 

Marketing costs can vary greatly by utility and program, from about $25 per customer to more 

than $5,000 per customer, based on interviews with program managers. Cadmus’ analysis 

assumed $25 for each new residential participant and $200 for each commercial or industrial 

participant. 

To develop supply curves, Cadmus calculated streams of projected annual program costs and 

impacts. These annual figures account for program assumptions such as eligible loads, program 

participation, participant attrition, and ramp-up time. The levelized cost of each program was 

then calculated as the ratio of the present value of costs to winter demand savings for comparison 

with supply-side alternatives. Note that some programs would have additional summer demand 

savings potential, but these impacts have not been factored into these levelized cost calculations. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 50 

Table 27 displays the per-unit ($/kW per year) costs by program for the estimated achievable 

technical potential. It is important to note that all programs have higher $/kW costs in the early 

years due to program start-up costs. The curtailable load program for large nonresidential 

customers is estimated to be the least-expensive option, having a levelized cost of $81.25/kW per 

year, while residential CPP was the most costly with a levelized cost of $317/kW per year. 

Table 27. Demand Response Achievable Technical Potential and 

Levelized Costs, Winter MW in 2031 

Program Strategy 

Achievable 

Potential 

Levelized Cost 

($ / Winter kW) 

Residential Direct Load Control - Space and Water Heat 43 $95.31 

Residential Direct Load Control - Room and Water Heat 45 $150.36 

Residential Critical Peak Pricing 22 $316.90 

Commercial Critical Peak Pricing 27 $234.48 

Commercial Curtailment 56 $81.25 

Supply curves were constructed from quantities of estimated achievable technical potential and 

per-unit costs of each program option. Figure 30 shows the quantity of achievable technical 

demand-response potential available during winter peak hours in 2031 as a function of levelized 

cost. 

Figure 30. Demand Response Supply Curve, Winter MW in 2031 

Resource Acquisition Schedule 

Cadmus assumed each program will require an ample start-up period before achieving full 

participation. Therefore, each program option has an associated ramp rate, as described below:15

 The curtailment program is assumed to be the first to begin, achieving approximately 10 

MW per year until reaching maximum participation in 2015. 

 

15 Once programs reach full participation, impacts continue to grow due to forecasted load growth. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 51 

 Residential DLC programs start in 2015 as three-year pilot program. In 2018, the 

programs will slowly begin to grow to full participation by 2022. 

 The CPP programs are assumed to start as a three-year pilot 2015 to account for the time 

required to create a new tariff and put necessary infrastructure in place. In 2018, the 

programs will begin to ramp up, growing to full deployment by 2020. 

Figure 31 and Figure 32 shows the acquisition schedule for achievable potential for winter and 

summer impacts, respectively. 

Figure 31. Demand Response Annual Achievable Technical Potential 

by Strategy - Winter 

Figure 32. Demand Response Annual Achievable Technical Potential 

by Strategy – Summer 

0

50

100

150

200

250

20122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025202620272028202920302031

MW

Commercial Curtailment Residential DLC RoomHeat and WaterHeat

Residential DLC Central and WaterHeat Commercial CPP

Residential CPP

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

20122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025202620272028202920302031

MW

Commercial Curtailment Residential DLC RoomHeat and WaterHeat

Residential DLC Central and WaterHeat Commercial CPP

Residential CPP
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 52 

Detailed Resource Potentials by Program Strategy 

Residential Direct Load Control (DLC) 

DLC programs are designed to interrupt specific end-use loads at customer facilities through 

utility-directed control. When deemed necessary, the utility, through a third-party contractor, is 

authorized to cycle or shut off participating appliances or equipment for a limited number of 

hours on a limited number of occasions. Customers do not have to pay for the equipment or 

installation of control systems, and they typically receive incentives paid through monthly credits 

on their utility bills. 

For this type of program, receiver systems are installed on customer equipment to enable 

communications from the utility and to execute controls. Historically, DLC programs have 

become mandatory once a customer elects to participate; however, voluntary participation is now 

an option for some programs with more intelligent control systems and override capabilities at 

the customer facility.16

Because PSE’s system peak occurs in the winter, this assessment focuses on two DLC programs 

that focus on controlling heating loads. Although residential DLC for air conditioning has been 

one of the most well-established programs in the nation (utilized by PacifiCorp, MidAmerican 

Energy, Alliant Energy, Florida Power and Light, Xcel Energy, et al.), the central and room 

heating DLC programs are a relatively new idea with minimal data available through secondary 

research. 

PSE is currently implementing a space-and-water-heating DLC pilot for 700 homes, with 

approximately one MW available to be curtailed during each event. Since minimal data are 

available for these types of programs, some summer DLC program assumptions have been 

adapted to supplement PSE’s pilot data for this assessment. 

Central Heating and Water Heating 

Table 28 shows the technical and achievable technical potential results by end use by season. 

Although this is program is primarily focused on reducing the winter peak, water heaters would 

be available for control in the summer. 

Table 28. Residential DLC Central Heat and Water Heat: Technical and 

Achievable Technical Potential, MW in 2031 

Winter Summer 

End Use 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical As 

percent of 

System Peak 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical As 

percent of 

System Peak 

Central Heat 251 38 0.67% 0 0 0.00% 

Water Heat 46 5 0.10% 42 5 0.11% 

Total 297 43 0.77% 42 5 0.11% 

*System peak is based on PSE's average load in the top 20 hours for each season.

 

16 Typically, penalties are associated with non-compliance or opt-outs. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 53 

Figure 33 shows the achievable potential for the central heat DLC program, based on an 

acquisition schedule with a three-year pilot program starting in 2015 and ramping up to full 

participation in 2022. 

Figure 33. Residential DLC Central Heat and Water Heat Acquisition Schedule 

 

Utility incentives for residential DLC programs can vary greatly, from a free programmable 

thermostat, to a set incentive amount per month, to a 15 percent discount on customers’ summer 

electricity bills (which may amount to from $50 to $60 annually for many participants). 

Incentives for this analysis are set at $32/year for central heat cycling, with an additional $8 for 

water heating control. Additional costs are assessed for this program, including the following: 

 $25 of marketing; per new customer 

 $7 for communications per existing customer 

 a third-party vendor administrative cost 

Detailed assumptions are provided in Table 29 and Table 30. 

Table 29. Residential DLC Central Heat and Water Heat: Program Basics 

Program Concept Assumptions 

Customer Sectors Eligible Residential customers in single-family and manufactured homes 

End Uses Eligible for Program Electric central heating (including air-source heat pumps) and electric water heaters 

Customer Size Requirements, if any N/A 

Winter Load Basis Top 20 hours 

Summer Load Basis Top 20 hours 

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Table 30. Residential DLC Central Heat and Water Heat: Inputs and Sources 

Inputs Value Sources or Assumptions 

Annual Attrition (%) 5% 

Studies found 7% (composed of 5% change-of-service and 2% removals) from 

utilities, including PacifiCorp, Xcel Energy, Eon US, Sacramento Municipal Utility 

District,, Florida Power and Light (removals range from 1% to 3%). Removals are 

accounted for in event participation. 

Per Customer Impacts (kW) 

1.0 Central Heating 

0.6 Water Heating 

Based on PSE’s central and water heating pilot. 

Annual Administrative Costs ( 

percent of annual costs) 5% An additional utility administrative cost is added to the vendor program cost. 

Annual Vendor Administrative Costs 

( percent of annual costs) 15% 

Based on research of vendor bids and informal communication with vendors. 

Includes maintenance, administrative labor, and dispatch software. 

Technology Cost 

$160 per switch plus 

$100 for installation 

labor 

Based on PSE’s experience. Assumes the water heater will be controlled by the 

same switch, consistent with PSE’s central heating and water heating pilot program. 

Marketing Cost $25 

Assumes 1/2 hour of staff time valued at $50/hour (fully loaded). Based on research 

of vendor bids and informal communication with vendors. 

Incentive (annual costs) 

Central Heating $32 

Water Heating $8 

Incentives range from $30 to $35 for most utilities for one piece of equipment and 

$8 for additional equipment. Currently PSE’s pilot program offers $50 for both 

central and water heating. 

Communication Costs (per 

Customer Per Year) $7 

This value accounts for annual per-customer communication of a one-way 

transmission system. 

Eligible Load (%) 100% 

Assumes all electric central heating customers and associated loads are eligible for 

the program. 

Technical Potential (as percent of 

Gross) 

Central Heating 50% 

Water Heating 100% 

Assumes all central heating units and heat pumps can be retrofit and that the 

program employs a 50% cycling strategy. Due to the tank, water heaters can be 

shut off for the entire event (100% reduction). 

Program Participation (%) 

Single Family and 

Manufactured Central 

Heating 20% 

Multifamily Central 

Heating 0% 

Water Heating 

Single Family: 2%; 

Multifamily 0%; 

Manufactured: 5% 

Assumes 20% of single-family and manufactured homes with electric central 

heating will participate. Minimal data for DLC heating programs exist; therefore, this 

assumption is based on the average participation rate for national programs for 

DLC cooling programs (between 15% and 20% of all residential customers, which 

translates to 20% to 30% of eligible customers). This is consistent with the 2009 

FERC study17 estimate of 25% program participation for DLC cooling programs. 

Due to difficulty in reaching the multifamily segment, these customers have been 

removed from the potential.. As customers with electric central heating will also 

include water heating, the water heating participation rates reflect the portion of 

electric water heaters in homes with electric central heating. 

Event Participation (%) 

Central Heating 94% 

Water Heating 94% 

Based on utility experience with DLC cooling programs, accounting for homeowners 

removing units and operational breakdowns (from 2.5% to 5.8%). Because one 

switch controls both devices, the event participation is the same for both end-uses. 

Room Heating and Water Heating 

Similar to a central heating DLC program, a room heating DLC program is a relatively new idea 

with little or no data available through secondary research. Table 31 shows the technical and 

achievable technical potential results by end use for winter and summer. As with the central 

heating, there is greater potential in the winter since all the heating load occurs in the winter. The 

summer portion of the program would only target the water heating load. 

 

17 Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. “A National Assessment of Demand Response Potential.” June 2009. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

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Table 31. Residential DLC Room Heat and Water Heat: Technical and Achievable 

Technical Potential, MW in 2031 

Winter Summer 

End Use 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical As 

Percent of 

System Peak 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical As 

Percent of 

System Peak 

Room Heat 325 29 0.52% 0 0 0.00% 

Water Heat 103 16 0.28% 93 14 0.32% 

Total 428 45 0.80% 93 14 0.32% 

*System peak is based on PSE's average load in the top 20 hours for each season.

Figure 34 shows the achievable potential for the central heat DLC program based on an 

acquisition schedule starting in 2015, with a three-year pilot program, ramping up to full 

participation in 2022. 

Figure 34. Residential DLC Room Heat and Water Heat Acquisition Schedule 

All cost assumptions, except for technology costs, are consistent with the central heating 

program. Detailed assumptions are provided in Table 32 and Table 33. 

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Table 32. Residential DLC Room Heat and Water Heat: Program Basics 

Program Concept Assumptions 

Customer Sectors Eligible All residential 

End Uses Eligible for Program Electric room heating (baseboard) 

Customer Size Requirements, if any N/A 

Winter Load Basis Top 20 hours 

Summer Load Basis Top 20 hours 

Table 33. Residential DLC Room Heat and Water Heat: Inputs and Sources 

Inputs Value Sources or Assumptions 

Annual Attrition (%) 5% 

Studies have found 7% (composed of 5 % change-of-service and 2% 

removals) from utilities, including PacifiCorp, Xcel Energy, Eon US, 

Sacramento Municipal Utility District,, Florida Power and Light 

(removals range from 1 to 3%). Removals are accounted for in event 

participation. 

Per Customer Impacts (kW) 

0.75 Room Heating 

0.6 Water Heating 

Assumes approximately 25% lower demand savings than the central 

heating program, based on engineering estimate. Water heating 

savings are based on PSE’s pilot program. 

Annual Administrative Costs 

( percent of annual costs) 5% 

An additional utility administrative cost is added to the vendor program 

cost. 

Annual Vendor 

Administrative Costs 

(percent of annual costs) 15% 

Based on research of vendor bids and informal communication with 

vendors. Includes maintenance, administrative labor, and dispatch 

software. 

Technology Cost 

$160 per switch plus $250 

for installation labor 

Assumes one switch will control all room heaters and the water heater. 

Switch costs are based on PSE’s experience. Installation cost is $250 

(assumes 25 percent labor cost savings per heater). 

Marketing Cost 

$25 Marketing costs are based on 1/2 hour of staff time valued at $50/hour 

(fully loaded). 

Incentive (annual costs) 

Room Heating $32 

Water Heating $8 

Incentives range from $30 to $35 for most utilities for one piece of 

equipment and $8 for additional equipment. Currently PSE’s pilot 

program offers $50 for both space and water heating. 

Technical Potential (as 

percent of Gross) 

Room Heating 50% 

Water Heating 100% 

Assumes all room units can be retrofit and that the program employs a 

50 percent cycling strategy. Due to the tank, water heating can be shut 

off for the entire event (100 percent reduction). 

Program Participation (%) 

Single Family and 

Manufactured Room 

Heating 15% 

Multifamily Room Heating 

0% 

Water Heating 

Single Family: 5%; 

Multifamily 11%; 

Manufactured: 3% 

Assumes 15% of customers with electric room heating will participate. 

Minimal data for DLC heating programs exists; therefore, the 

assumption is based on the average participation rate for national 

programs for DLC AC programs (between 15% and 20% of all 

residential customers, which translates to 20% to 30% of eligible 

customers). Due to the difficulty of reaching the multifamily segment, it 

is assumed that multifamily customers will only participate in the water 

heating portion of this program. All customers with electric room 

heating will also include water heating in the program, so participation 

rates have been adjusted to account for the percent of electric heating 

customer with electric water heat. 

Event Participation (%) 

Room Heating 94% 

Water Heating 94% 

Based on PacifiCorp’s Cool Keeper historic event participation, which 

accounts for homeowners removing units and operational breakdowns 

(2.5% to 5.8%). Because one switch controls both devices, the event 

participation is the same for both end-uses. 

Annual Attrition (%) 5% 

Based on utility experience with DLC cooling programs, accounting for 

homeowners removing units and operational breakdowns (2.5% to 

5.8%). Because one switch controls both devices, the event 

participation is the same for both end-uses. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 57 

Nonresidential Load Curtailment 

Load curtailment programs utilize contractual arrangements between the utility, a third-party 

aggregator that implements the program, and utility nonresidential customers who agree to 

curtail or interrupt their operations (in whole or part) for a predetermined period when requested 

by the utility. In most cases, mandatory participation or liquidated damage agreements are 

required once the customer enrolls in the program; however, the number of curtailment 

requests―both in total and on a daily basis―is limited by the terms of each contract. 

Customers are generally not paid for individual events, but are compensated in the form of a 

fixed monthly amount per kW of pledged curtailable load or in the form of a rate discount. 

Typically, contracts require customers to curtail their connected load by either a set percentage 

(typically, from 15 percent to 20 percent) or a predetermined level (e.g., 100 kW). These types of 

programs often involve long-term contracts and have penalties for non-compliance, which range 

from simply dropping the customer from the program to more punitive actions, such as requiring 

the customer to repay the utility for the committed (but not curtailed) energy at market rates. 

For this study, Cadmus assumed nonresidential customers with a monthly demand of at least 100 

kW would be eligible for such a program. One key aspect to the potential savings associated with 

the curtailment program is backup generation. Since these participants can turn on a backup 

generator during these critical peak times, the burden on a customer with a backup generator is 

minimal. In many utility programs (excluding those in California), customers are allowed to use 

backup generators to meet curtailment requirements, and these customers are included in this 

assessment. 

Table 34 shows the estimated technical and achievable technical potential by sector for winter 

and summer. These potentials are inclusive of the approximate five MW PSE has under control 

through its curtailment pilot program. 

Table 34. Load Curtailment Technical and Achievable Technical Potential, MW in 2031 

Winter Summer 

Sector 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical As 

percent of 

System Peak 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical As 

percent of 

System Peak 

Commercial 383 55 0.98% 391 58 1.31% 

Industrial 22 1 0.02% 27 2 0.03% 

Total 406 56 1.00% 418 60 1.35% 

*System peak is based on PSE's average load in the top 20 hours for each season.

Figure 35 shows the achievable potential for the curtailment program based on an acquisition 

schedule that begins in 2012, achieving approximately 10 winter MW per year until full potential 

is reached in 2015. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 58 

Figure 35. Load Curtailment Acquisition Schedule 

Curtailment programs are typically run through third-party aggregators that charge a set $/kW 

cost. For this assessment, the technology costs and marketing costs were excluded from the bid 

when calculating the total $/kW cost of the program. Detailed assumptions providing values and 

sources that derived potential and levelized costs are shown in Table 35 and Table 36. 

Table 35. Load Curtailment Program Basics 

Program Concept Assumptions 

Customer Sectors Eligible All industrial and commercial market segments 

End Uses Eligible for Program Total load of all end uses 

Customer Size Requirements, if any Customers >100kW 

Winter Load Basis Top 20 hours 

Summer Load Basis Top 20 hours 

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Table 36. Load Curtailment Inputs Consistent Across Market Segments 

Inputs Value Sources or Assumptions 

Annual Administrative Costs (%) 5% Administrative costs are rolled into the $/kW cost 

Technology Cost (per new participant) $1,400 

Technology costs include communications, connectivity and 

meters, if necessary, based on California spending of $32m for 

23,000 large C&I hardware after energy crisis 

Marketing Cost (per new participant) $200 Assumes 4 hours of utility labor at $50/hour (fully loaded) 

Incentives (annual costs per participating kW) N/A Included in third-party aggregator bid 

Overhead: First Costs N/A Included in third-party aggregator bid 

Vendor Costs $80 

Based on third-party aggregator bid (exclusive of technology and 

marketing costs) 

Technical Potential 

Varies by 

Sector 

Based on detailed engineering audits of demand response 

potential of commercial and industrial customers throughout 

California, with third-party verification of results. Findings are 

amalgamated by sector and end use category and supported by 

senior engineering analysis. 

Program Participation (%) 

Varies by 

Sector 

Based on survey of PacifiCorp nonresidential customers. See 

Table 37 for details. 

Event Participation (%) 95% Based on informal conversations with a third-party aggregator. 

Table 37. Load Curtailment Inputs and Sources Varying by Segment 

Market Segment End Use 

Technical Potential as 

percent of Load Basis 

Program 

Participation 

Grocery Segment Total 5% 13% 

Hospital Segment Total 12% 0% 

Office Segment Total 16% 21% 

Dry Goods Retail Segment Total 16% 8% 

Hotel-Motel Segment Total 17% 0% 

Other Segment Total 16% 13% 

Restaurant Segment Total 17% 25% 

School Segment Total 17% 23% 

University Segment Total 17% 23% 

Warehouse Segment Total 16% 13% 

Industrial Segment Total 17% 6% 

Critical Peak Pricing (CPP) 

Under a CPP program, customers receive a discount on their retail rates during non-critical peak 

periods in exchange for paying premium prices during critical peak events. However, the peak 

price is determined in advance, providing customers with some degree of certainty about the 

participation costs. 

The basic rate structure is a TOU tariff, where the rate has fixed prices for usage during different 

blocks of time (typically on-, off-, and mid-peak prices by season). During CPP events, the 

normal peak price under a TOU rate structure is replaced with a much higher price, generally set 

to reflect the utility’s avoided cost of supply during peak periods. 

CPP rates only take effect a limited number of times during the year. In times of emergency or 

high market prices, the utility can invoke a critical peak event, where customers are notified and 

rates become much higher than normal, encouraging customers to shed or shift load. Most CPP 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 60 

programs provide advanced notice in addition to event criteria (such as a threshold for forecasted 

weather temperatures) to help customers plan their operations. One attractive feature of the CPP 

program is the absence of a mandatory curtailment requirement. 

The benefit of a CPP rate over a standard TOU rate is that an extreme price signal can be sent to 

customers for a limited number of events. Utilities have found that demand reductions during 

these events are typically greater than during TOU peak periods for several reasons: 

 Customers under CPP rates are often equipped with automated controls triggered by a 

signal from the utility 

 The higher CPP rate serves as an incentive for customers to shift load away during the 

CPP event period 

 The relative rarity of CPP events may encourage short-term behavioral changes, resulting 

in reduced consumption during the events. 

Since the CPP rate only applies on select days, this raises a number of questions about when a 

utility can call an event, for how long, and how often. The rules governing utility dispatch of 

CPP events vary widely by utility and by program, with some utilities reserving the right to call 

an event at any time while others must provide notice one day before the event. This analysis 

assumes that approximately 10 four-hour events will be called during the summer and winter for 

a total of 40 event hours. 

Currently, peak pricing is offered through experimental pilots or full-scale programs by several 

organizations in the United States, notably Southern Company (Georgia Power), Gulf Power, 

Niagara Mohawk, California utilities (SCE, PG&E, SDG&E), PJM Interconnection, and New 

York ISO (NYISO). Adoption of CPP has not been as widespread in Western states as in Eastern 

states. 

Table 38 shows the estimated technical and achievable technical potential by sector for winter 

and summer.

Table 38. CPP Technical and Achievable Technical Potential, MW in 2031 

Winter Summer 

Sector 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical As 

percent of 

System Peak 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical 

Potential 

Achievable 

Technical As 

percent of 

System Peak 

Residential 458 22 0.39% 267 13 0.29% 

Commercial 383 24 0.42% 391 24 0.54% 

Industrial 22 3 0.05% 27 4 0.08% 

Total 863 48 0.86% 685 40 0.90% 

*System peak is based on PSE's average load in the top 20 hours for each season.

Residential CPP 

The most common national CPP programs are offered to the residential customer class. Recently, 

significant literature has shown the value of a technology-enabled CPP program, which 

essentially provides customers with smart thermostats. These can be programmed to change 

temperature settings and even control other end uses, such as lighting and water heating, 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 61 

depending on the pricing period (such as critical peak, on-peak, or off-peak). This combination 

of pricing and technology has shown to be an effective means of improving per-customer load 

impacts.

Technically, national studies have shown that 13 percent to 40 percent18 of peak demand can be 

reduced for participating customers. Cadmus’ study assumes a 15-percent reduction based on the 

California pricing pilot and PSE’s experience with the nonresidential curtailable load pilot. Five 

percent is consistent with the 2009 FERC study, and event participation is estimated to be 95 

percent, based on almost all participants shifting consumption during a CPP event. 

Figure 36 shows the achievable technical potential for the nonresidential CPP program, based on 

an acquisition schedule that begins with a three-year pilot program in 2015 to account for the 

time necessary to create a new tariff and put infrastructure in place. This is expected to be 

followed by two years of increased participation, reaching full participation in 2020. 

Figure 36. Residential CPP Acquisition Schedule 

The residential CPP program has a start-up cost of $400,000, since a new rate structure will be 

put in place. Additionally, the program will require the installation of a smart thermostat and 

meter and ongoing communication, priced at $515 and $7 per participant, respectively. 

 

18 Charles River Associates (CRA), Impact Evaluation of the California Statewide Pricing Pilot, March 16, 2005. 

California Energy Commission (CEC), Statewide Pricing Pilot load reduction data for Zone 4 (desert and inland 

climate), provided in MS Excel by Pat McAuliffe, CEC staff, via e-mail November 3, 2006. Demand Response 

Research Center (DRRC), Ameren Critical Peak Pricing Pilot, Presentation by Rick Voytas, Manager of 

Corporate Analysis at Ameren Services, at the Demand Response Town Hall Meeting, Berkeley, CA, June 26, 

2006. International Energy Agency, Demand-Side Management Programme, Task XI: Time of Use Pricing and 

Energy Use for Demand Management Delivery, Subtask 2: Time of Use Pricing for Demand Management 

Delivery, April 2005. Rocky Mountain Institute, Automated Demand Response System Pilot, Final Report 

Volume 1: Introduction and Executive Summary, March 2006. Summit Blue Consulting, Interim Report for the 

myPower Pricing Segment Evaluation, prepared for PSEG, December 27, 2006. University of California 

Energy Institute (UCEI), Dynamic Pricing, Advanced Metering and Demand Response in Electricity Markets, 

S. Borenstein et al., October 2002. 

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Marketing costs are consistent with other program assumptions, and no incentives are given 

because the program is rate-based. Detailed assumptions of values and sources that derived the 

potential and levelized costs are shown in Tables 39 and 40.

Table 39. Residential CPP Program Basics 

Program Concept Assumptions 

Customer Sectors Eligible All residential customers 

End Uses Eligible for Program Total load of all end uses 

Customer Size Requirements, if any N/A 

Winter Load Basis Top 20 hours 

Summer Load Basis Top 20 hours 

Table 40. Residential CPP Inputs and Sources 

Inputs Value Sources or Assumptions 

Annual Attrition 5% Accounts for 5%change of service. 

Annual Administrative Costs (%) 15% Assumes administrative adder of 15% 

Technology Cost (per new 

participant) $515 

Smart Thermostat: $200 installation and $315 for the meter, based on $150 for 

the installed cost of radio frequency devices (CEC 2004 report) plus an 

additional $150 to upgrade to AMI and $15/customer communication charge. 

Marketing Cost (per new 

participant) $25 

 Marketing costs are based on one-half hour of staff time valued at $50/hour 

(fully-loaded). 

Incentives (annual costs per 

participant) N/A 

There are no customer incentives, but customers may have a lower bill than 

they would have on a standard rate. 

Communication Costs (per 

Customer Per Year) $7 

This value accounts for annual per-customer communication of a one-way 

transmission system. 

Overhead: First Costs $400,000 

Standard program development assumption, including necessary internal 

labor, research, and IT/billing system changes 

Eligible Load (%) 100% All residential customers are eligible. 

Technical Potential 15% An average statewide reduction of 27% was found for the California residential 

pilot CPP programs implemented in the summer (Charles River Associates, 

2005). PSE’s experience with a C&I pilot shows that winter events save about 

50% less than summer events and, therefore, event participation was reduced 

to 15%. 

Program Participation (%) 5% Gulf Power reported 8,500 participants as of October 2006, out of 350,000 

residential customers (2.4%). (Sources: Jim Thompson presentation to PURC 

Energy Policy Roundtable, October 31, 2006; and FERC Form 861 data, 

2005.) Gulf Power expects to reach at least 10% penetration. (Source: 

Dynamic Pricing, Advanced Metering and Demand Response in Electricity 

Markets, Severin Borenstein, Michael Jaske, and Arthur Rosenfeld, October 

2002.) 2009 FERC study reports a 5% maximum participation rate. 

Event Participation (%) 95% Opt-outs are typically less than 5% now that utilities are requiring customers to 

use the internet or call center to opt out of a CPP event (source: Comverge). 

With two-way communications (through AMI or Zigbee gateway for example) 

utilities can identify and replace malfunctioning thermostats, so event 

participation is much higher than in old one-way, switch-based DLC programs. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 63 

Nonresidential CPP 

Cadmus has identified very few nonresidential CPP programs for medium-to-large customers; 

therefore, this analysis relies on engineering audit assumptions for technical potential estimates, 

which are consistent with CPP studies showing an average of 8 percent savings.19 Event 

participation of 56 percent is based on the 2006 California C&I Pilot,20 and it accounts for the 

higher rate of opt-outs expected for commercial customers. 

Figure 37 shows the achievable technical potential for the nonresidential CPP program based on 

an acquisition schedule that begins with a three-year pilot program in 2015, accounting for the 

time needed to create a new tariff and put infrastructure in place. This is expected to be followed 

by two years of increased participation, reaching full participation in 2020. 

Figure 37. Nonresidential CPP Acquisition Schedule 

The nonresidential CPP program will also have a start-up cost of $400,000, since a new rate 

structure will be put in place. Additionally, the program will require the installation of metering 

and communication equipment (priced at $1,400) and ongoing communication costs of $7 per 

participant, respectively. Marketing costs are consistent with other program assumptions, and no 

incentives are given because the program is rate-based. Detailed assumptions for the 

nonresidential CPP program are shown in Tables 41 and 43. 

 

 

19 LBNL Fully Automated CPP study, 2006. 

20 Hopper, Nicole and Charles Goldman. The Summer of 2006: A Milestone in the Ongoing Maturation of 

Demand Response. 2007. 

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Table 41. Nonresidential CPP Program Basics 

Program Concept Assumptions 

Customer Sectors Eligible All nonresidential market segments 

End Uses Eligible for Program Total load of all end uses 

Customer Size Requirements, if any 

Nonresidential customers with monthly load 

greater than 100 kW 

Winter Load Basis Top 20 hours 

Summer Load Basis Top 20 hours 

Table 42. Nonresidential CPP Inputs and Sources not Varying by Sector or Segment 

Inputs Value Sources or Assumptions 

Annual Administrative Costs (%) 15% Assumes administrative adder of 15% 

Technology Cost (per new 

participant) $1,400 

Technology costs include communications, connectivity and meters, if 

necessary, based on California spending of $32 million for hardware for 23,000 

large C&I after energy crisis 

Marketing Cost (per new 

participant) $200 

Assumes 4 hours of utility labor at $50/hour (fully-loaded) for account 

representatives. 

Marketing Cost (first year) $150,000 Assumes an additional one time FTE cost to implement the program. 

Communication Costs (per 

Customer Per Year) $7 

This value accounts for annual per-customer communication of a one-way 

transmission system. 

Incentives (annual costs per 

participant) N/A 

There are no customer incentives, but customers may have a lower bill than 

they would have on a standard rate. 

Overhead: First Costs $400,000 

Standard program development assumption, including necessary internal 

labor, research and IT/billing system changes 

Technical Potential as percent of 

Load Basis 

Varies by 

Sector 

Based on detailed engineering audits of demand response potential for 

commercial and industrial customers throughout California, with third-party 

verification of results. Studies of CPP results show that 8% was saved on 

average (LBNL Fully Automated CPP study, 2006), which is comparable to 

taking this technical potential and the event participation combined. 

Program Participation (%) 

Varies by 

Sector 

Based on survey of PacifiCorp nonresidential customers. See Table 37 for 

details. 

Event Participation (%) 56% Based on 2006 California C&I results for CPP Pilot 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 28, 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 65 

Table 43. Nonresidential CPP Inputs and Sources Varying by Sector or Segment 

Market Segment End Use 

Technical Potential as 

percent of Load Basis 

Program 

Participation 

Grocery Segment Total 5% 12% 

Hospital Segment Total 12% 0% 

Office Segment Total 16% 8% 

Dry Goods Retail Segment Total 16% 16% 

Hotel-Motel Segment Total 17% 0% 

Other Segment Total 16% 12% 

Restaurant Segment Total 17% 25% 

School Segment Total 17% 18% 

University Segment Total 17% 18% 

Warehouse Segment Total 16% 12% 

Chemical Manufacturing Segment Total 17% 24% 

Computer Electronic Manufacturing Segment Total 17% 24% 

Electrical Equipment Manufacturing Segment Total 17% 24% 

Fabricated Metal Products Segment Total 17% 24% 

Food Manufacturing Segment Total 18% 24% 

Industrial Machinery Segment Total 17% 24% 

Miscellaneous Manufacturing Segment Total 17% 24% 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products Segment Total 17% 24% 

Paper Manufacturing Segment Total 17% 24% 

Petroleum Refining Segment Total 17% 0% 

Plastic Rubber Products Segment Total 17% 24% 

Primary Metal Manufacturing Segment Total 17% 24% 

Printed Related Support Segment Total 17% 24% 

Transportation Equipment Manufacturing Segment Total 17% 24% 

Wastewater Segment Total 17% 24% 

Water Segment Total 17% 24% 
 

Comprehensive Assessment of 

Demand-Side Resource Potentials 

(2012-2031): Appendices 

 

Volume II 

Final Report

April 2011

Prepared for: 

Puget Sound Energy 

Prepared by: 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 

720 SW Washington Street, Suite 400 

Portland, OR 97205 

503.228.2992 
Prepared by: 

The Cadmus Group 

M. Sami Khawaja, Ph.D. 

Vice President 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 

Table of Contents: Volume II 

Appendix A: Methodological Consistency with the 6th Northwest Power Plan 

Appendix B: Technical Supplements: Energy Efficiency 

 B.1: Baseline Data 

B.2: Measure Descriptions 

B.3: Measure-Level Inputs and Potential 

B.4: Detailed Potential Results 

Appendix C: Technical Supplements: Fuel Conversion 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 1 

Appendix A. Methodological Consistency with the 6th 

Northwest Power Plan 

To facilitate a comparison with the 6th Power Plan, the Council has prepared an overview of the 

methodology used in the development of conservation potential estimates in the 6th Power Plan.1

This appendix compares the methodology used in PSE’s 2011 IRP to those benchmarks 

established by the Council. 

Descriptions of methodology used in this study are in italics below.

Technical Resource Potential Assessment 

Review a wide array of energy-efficiency technologies and practices across all sectors and major 

end uses. 

The study considered measures from a variety of sources, including the 6th Plan, RTF, 

ENERGY STAR, and DEER. Descriptions of all measures analyzed are provided in Appendix 

B.2. 

Methodology 

 Technically feasibility savings = Number of applicable units * incremental 

savings/applicable unit 

 “Applicable” Units accounts for: 

 Fuel saturations (e.g. electric vs. gas DHW) 

Fuel saturations were based on data specific to PSE’s service territory whenever 

possible. PSE’s 2008 Residential End Use Survey (REUS) and NEEA’s 2008 

Commercial Building Stock Assessment (CBSA) were the primary sources of this 

information. 

 Building characteristics (single family vs. mobile homes, basement/non-basement, 

etc.) 

Data came from PSE billing information and the REUS and CBSA studies. 

 

 

1

 http://www.nwcouncil.org/energy/powerplan/6/supplycurves/I937/CouncilMethodology_outline%20_2_.pdf 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 2 

 System saturations, (e.g., heat pump vs. zonal, central AC vs. window AC) 

System saturations were based on data specific to PSE’s service territory 

whenever possible. PSE’s 2008 Residential End Use Survey (REUS) and NEEA’s 

2008 Commercial Building Stock Assessment (CBSA) were the primary sources of 

this information. 

 Current measure saturations 

Current saturations were incorporated into the applicability based on information 

from the REUS and CBSA, the 6th Plan, and the experience of PSE conservation 

staff. 

 New and existing units 

Existing and new units are calculated based on current and forecasted customers, 

respectively. 

 Measure life (stock turnover cycle) 

Measure decay rates are applied to lost opportunity measures, based on measure 

life. Discretionary measures are assumed to be reinstalled at the end of their 

useful life. 

 Measure substitutions (e.g., duct sealing of homes with forced-air resistance furnaces 

vs. conversion of homes to heat pumps with sealed ducts) 

Competition between measures is accounted for in the measure share 

applicability factor to avoid double-counting. 

 “Incremental” Savings/applicable unit accounts for: 

 Expected kW and kWh savings shaped by time-of-day, day of week and month of 

year 

Energy and demand savings are either based on deemed values or calculated as a 

percent reduction in baseline end use consumption. Hourly impacts are provided 

to PSE’s IRP model. 

 Savings over baseline efficiency 

 Baseline set by codes/standards or current practices 

Baselines are set based on current codes, standards, or current practices. 

Standards that have been passed but not yet implemented become the 

baseline at the time mandated in the new standard. 

 Not always equivalent to savings over “current use” (e.g., new refrigerator 

savings are measured as “increment above current federal standards, not the 

refrigerator being replaced) 

Savings from equipment upgrades on burnout are calculated based on the 

minimum efficiency level available. 

 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 3 

 Climate—heating, cooling degree days and solar availability 

Savings are based on typical climate in PSE’s service territory. 

 Measure interactions (e.g. lighting and HVAC, duct sealing and heat pump 

performance, heat pump conversion and weatherization savings) 

These interactive effects are treated as a reduction in measure savings (e.g., 

commercial lighting measures may save less due to increased heating 

requirements). 

Economic Potential: Ranking Based on Resource Valuation 

 Total Resource Cost (TRC) is the criterion for economic screening - TRC includes all 

cost and benefits of measure, regardless of who pays for or receives them. 

 TRC B/C Ratio > = 1.0 

Benefit-to-cost ratios were not calculated. The analysis used the levelized cost of 

conserved energy, as described below. 

 Levelized cost of conserved energy (CCE) < levelized avoided cost for the load shape 

of the savings may substitute for TRC if “CCE” is adjusted to account for “non-kWh” 

benefits, including deferred T&D, non-energy benefits, environmental benefits and 

Act’s 10% conservation credit 

Levelized costs, on a TRC basis, were calculated for each measure for 

comparison with supply-side resources in the IRP. The levelized cost calculation 

incorporated deferred T&D (for electric resources), non-energy benefits, and 

Act’s 10-percnet conservation credit (for electric resources). 

Methodology 

Valuation of energy and capacity savings was conducted in PSE’s Integrated Resource Planning 

(IRP) model and is not included as part of this study. 

 Energy and capacity value (i.e., benefit) of savings based on avoided cost of future 

wholesale market purchases (forward price curves). 

 Energy and capacity value accounts for shape of savings (i.e., uses time and 

seasonally differentiated avoided costs and measure savings). 

 Uncertainties in future market prices are accounted for by performing valuation under 

wide range of future market price scenario during Integrated Resource Planning 

process 

 Costs Inputs (Resource Cost Elements): 

All of the costs listed below were included in the per-unit measure costs, where 

appropriate. 

 Full incremental measure costs (material and labor) 

 Applicable on-going O&M expenses (plus or minus) 

 Applicable periodic O&M expenses (plus or minus) 

 Utility administrative costs (program planning, marketing, delivery, on-going 

administration, evaluation) 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 4 

 Benefit Inputs (Resource Value Elements): 

All of the benefits listed below were assessed in the calculation of levelized cost of 

conserved energy, where appropriate. 

 Direct energy savings 

 Direct capacity savings 

 Avoided T&D losses 

 Deferral value of transmission and distribution system expansion (if applicable) 

 Non-energy benefits (e.g. water savings) 

 Environmental externalities 

 Discounted Presented Value Inputs: 

 Rate = After-tax average cost of capital weighted for project participants (real or 

nominal) 

The analysis used PSE’s weighted average cost of capital of 8.1 percent, nominal. 

 Term = Project life, generally equivalent to life of resources added during planning 

period 

Costs were levelized over each measure’s expected useful life. 

 Money is discounted, not energy savings 

This is the method used in the IRP analysis. 

Achievable Potential 

 Annual acquisition targets established through Integrated Resource Acquisition Planning 

(IRP) process (i.e., portfolio modeling) 

The results of the potentials assessment, bundled by levelized costs of conserved 

energy, were incorporated in the IRP model. Based on the value of the savings, the 

IRP model selected the appropriate amount of conservation. 

 Conservation competes against all other resource options in portfolio analysis. 

 Conservation resource supply curves separated into: 

 Discretionary (non-lost opportunity) 

Defined as retrofit opportunities in existing facilities 

 Lost-opportunity 

Includes equipment replacement in existing facilities and all new 

construction measures 

 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 5 

 Annual achievable potential constrained by historic “ramp rates” for 

discretionary and lost-opportunity resources: 

 Maximum ramp up/ramp down rate for discretionary is 3x prior year 

for discretionary, with upper limit of 85 percent over 20 year planning 

period 

Analysis assumed that 85 percent of discretionary resources could 

be acquired in a 10-year timeframe. 

 Ramp rate for lost-opportunity is 15 percent in first year, growing to 

85 percent in twelfth year 

Lost opportunity ramp rates varied by measure, based on the 

assumptions used in the 6th Plan. 

 Achievable potentials may vary by type of measure, customer sector, 

and program design (e.g., measures subject to federal standards can 

have 100-percent “achievable” potential). 

While the analysis removed savings from known standards, it did 

not attempt to predict which savings would be acquired from future 

codes or standards. 

 Revise Technical, Economic and Achievable Potential based on changes in market 

conditions (e.g., revised codes or standards), program accomplishments, evaluations and 

experience 

Changes taking effect after the finalization of the 2011 IRP will be reflected in the 

2013 IRP. 

 All programs should incorporate Measurement and Verification (M&V) plans that at 

a minimum track administrative and measure costs and savings. 

 Use International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocols (IPMVP) as 

a guide. 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.1-1 

Appendix B.1: Detailed Results 

The following graphs show baseline electric and gas forecasts by sector and segment. The 

following tables show assumptions of gas and electric equipment saturations, fuel shares, annual 

per unit energy consumption for residential end uses, and annual per square foot energy 

consumption for commercial end uses. 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.1-2 

Figure B.1.1. Residential Electric Baseline Forecast 2009 - 2031 

Figure B.1.2. Commercial Electric Baseline Forecast 2009 - 2031 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.1-3 

Figure B.1.3. Industrial Electric Baseline Forecast 2009 - 2031

*Note: “Other” includes Petroleum, Plastics/Rubber, Paper, Electrical Equipment Mfg, and 

Chemicals. 

 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.1-4 

Figure B.1.4. Residential Gas Baseline Forecast 2009 – 2031 

Figure B.1.5. Commercial Gas Baseline Forecast 2009 - 2031 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.1-5 

Figure B.1.6. Industrial Gas Baseline Forecast 2009 - 2031 

*Note: “Other” includes Petroleum, Plastics/Rubber, Paper, Electrical Equipment Mfg, and 

Chemicals. 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.1-6 

Table B.1.7. Residential Electric Saturations, Fuel Shares, and UECs 

Segment End Use Saturation 

Electric Fuel 

Share 

Weighted 

Average 

UEC - 

Existing 

Weighted 

Average 

UEC - New 

Manufactured Computer 93% 100% 156.68 156.68

Manufactured Cooking Oven 103% 97% 153.62 153.62

Manufactured Cooking Range 103% 93% 128.20 128.20

Manufactured Cool Central 18% 100% 870.50 626.82

Manufactured Cool Room 24% 100% 460.98 359.47

Manufactured Dehumidifier 0% 100% 710.13 710.13

Manufactured Dryer 98% 96% 607.38 577.25

Manufactured DVD 145% 100% 101.20 101.20

Manufactured Freezer 71% 100% 696.60 533.80

Manufactured Heat Central 69% 58% 6,635.00 4,688.00

Manufactured Heat Pump 16% 100% 5,622.38 3,478.19

Manufactured Heat Room 16% 100% 5,109.00 3,610.00

Manufactured Home Audio System 75% 100% 61.89 61.89

Manufactured Lighting Exterior 100% 100% 156.70 210.65

Manufactured Lighting Interior Specialty 100% 100% 231.43 311.10

Manufactured Lighting Interior Standard 100% 100% 935.96 1,258.18

Manufactured Microwave 100% 100% 148.18 148.18

Manufactured Monitor 113% 100% 76.41 76.41

Manufactured Plug Load Other 100% 100% 715.74 715.74

Manufactured Refrigerator 109% 100% 626.85 561.98

Manufactured Set Top Box 117% 100% 262.84 262.84

Manufactured TV 145% 100% 195.88 195.88

Manufactured TV Bigscreen 27% 100% 417.02 417.02

Manufactured Ventilation And Circulation 100% 100% 653.25 399.75

Manufactured Water Heat 100% 85% 3,333.85 2,791.91

Multi Family Computer 100% 100% 155.89 155.89

Multi Family Cooking Oven 106% 96% 153.62 153.62

Multi Family Cooking Range 95% 90% 128.20 128.20

Multi Family Cool Central 3% 100% 708.82 539.03

Multi Family Cool Room 0% 100% 374.64 309.68

Multi Family Dehumidifier 1% 100% 710.13 710.13

Multi Family Dryer 64% 98% 607.38 577.25

Multi Family DVD 176% 100% 101.20 101.20

Multi Family Freezer 5% 100% 696.60 533.80

Multi Family Heat Central 22% 25% 5,354.00 3,361.00

Multi Family Heat Pump 0% 100% 4,278.89 2,876.02

Multi Family Heat Room 64% 100% 4,123.00 2,588.00

Multi Family Home Audio System 63% 100% 61.89 61.89

Multi Family Lighting Exterior 57% 100% 148.13 206.69

Multi Family Lighting Interior Specialty 100% 100% 190.75 266.16

Multi Family Lighting Interior Standard 100% 100% 883.77 1,233.17

Multi Family Microwave 91% 100% 148.18 148.18

Multi Family Monitor 84% 100% 76.41 76.41

Multi Family Plug Load Other 100% 100% 319.33 319.33

Multi Family Refrigerator 103% 100% 634.73 566.34

Multi Family Set Top Box 109% 100% 262.84 262.84

Multi Family TV 160% 100% 195.88 195.88

Multi Family TV Bigscreen 16% 100% 417.02 417.02

Multi Family Ventilation And Circulation 100% 100% 429.98 335.40

Multi Family Water Heat 100% 73% 1,973.43 1,692.31
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.1-7 

Segment End Use Saturation 

Electric Fuel 

Share 

Weighted 

Average 

UEC - 

Existing 

Weighted 

Average 

UEC - New 

Single Family Computer 163% 100% 148.35 148.35

Single Family Cooking Oven 117% 83% 153.62 153.62

Single Family Cooking Range 97% 68% 128.20 128.20

Single Family Cool Central 14% 100% 996.51 871.38

Single Family Cool Room 6% 100% 527.24 499.87

Single Family Dehumidifier 2% 100% 710.13 710.13

Single Family Dryer 99% 82% 709.92 577.25

Single Family DVD 194% 100% 101.20 101.20

Single Family Freezer 64% 100% 696.60 533.80

Single Family Heat Central 73% 10% 9,000.00 5,561.00

Single Family Heat Pump 5% 100% 7,218.50 5,496.39

Single Family Heat Room 15% 94% 6,930.00 4,282.00

Single Family Home Audio System 101% 100% 61.89 61.89

Single Family Lighting Exterior 100% 100% 310.09 362.66

Single Family Lighting Interior Specialty 100% 100% 419.28 490.36

Single Family Lighting Interior Standard 100% 100% 1,850.80 2,164.58

Single Family Microwave 99% 100% 148.18 148.18

Single Family Monitor 134% 100% 76.41 76.41

Single Family Plug Load Other 100% 100% 760.12 760.12

Single Family Pool Pump 3% 100% 1,470.00 1,470.00

Single Family Refrigerator 136% 100% 623.38 560.06

Single Family Set Top Box 137% 100% 262.84 262.84

Single Family TV 203% 100% 195.88 195.88

Single Family TV Bigscreen 44% 100% 417.02 417.02

Single Family Ventilation And Circulation 100% 100% 543.08 470.93

Single Family Water Heat 100% 42% 3,447.11 2,893.68
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.1-8 

Table B.1.8. Residential Gas Saturations, Fuel Shares, and UECs 

Segment End Use Saturation 

Gas Fuel 

Share 

Weighted 

Average 

UEC - 

Existing 

Weighted 

Average 

UEC - New 

Manufactured Cooking Oven 100% 20% 19.39 19.39

Manufactured Cooking Range 100% 42% 23.62 23.62

Manufactured Dryer 100% 21% 38.28 36.55

Manufactured Heat Central Boiler 3% 100% 614.97 567.35

Manufactured Heat Central Furnace 93% 100% 467.69 422.49

Manufactured Water Heat 100% 82% 154.26 190.15

Multi Family Cooking Oven 105% 31% 19.39 19.39

Multi Family Cooking Range 91% 39% 23.62 23.62

Multi Family Dryer 74% 7% 38.28 36.55

Multi Family Heat Central Boiler 5% 100% 444.47 378.60

Multi Family Heat Central Furnace 51% 100% 353.66 316.71

Multi Family Water Heat 100% 82% 136.79 168.81

Single Family Cooking Oven 115% 20% 19.39 19.39

Single Family Cooking Range 98% 42% 23.62 23.62

Single Family Dryer 99% 21% 38.28 36.55

Single Family Heat Central Boiler 3% 100% 758.82 601.57

Single Family Heat Central Furnace 93% 96% 616.03 459.91

Single Family Pool Heat 3% 77% 257.41 257.41

Single Family Water Heat 100% 85% 234.78 291.05

Table B.1.9. Commercial Electric Saturations, Fuel Shares, and EUIs 

Segment End Use Saturation 

Electric 

Fuel Share

Weighted Average 

EUI - Existing 

Weighted Average 

EUI - New 

Dry Goods Retail Computers 100% 100% 0.03 0.03

Dry Goods Retail Cooling Dx 48% 100% 2.04 1.06

Dry Goods Retail Heat Pump 10% 100% 3.04 1.55

Dry Goods Retail HVAC Aux 88% 100% 2.71 2.21

Dry Goods Retail Lighting Exterior 100% 100% 1.11 1.11

Dry Goods Retail Lighting Interior 100% 100% 5.33 4.18

Dry Goods Retail Other Office Equipment 100% 100% 0.04 0.04

Dry Goods Retail Other Plug Load 100% 100% 0.80 0.80

Dry Goods Retail Space Heat 78% 24% 2.02 0.45

Dry Goods Retail Water Heat 100% 68% 0.28 0.28

Grocery Computers 100% 100% 0.16 0.16

Grocery Cooking 100% 56% 2.67 2.67

Grocery Cooling Dx 59% 100% 1.74 1.48

Grocery Heat Pump 13% 100% 4.75 1.76

Grocery HVAC Aux 87% 100% 2.14 2.57

Grocery Lighting Exterior 100% 100% 1.05 1.05

Grocery Lighting Interior 100% 100% 8.10 6.46

Grocery Other Office Equipment 100% 100% 0.12 0.12

Grocery Other Plug Load 100% 100% 1.02 1.02

Grocery Refrigeration 100% 100% 20.39 20.39

Grocery Space Heat 73% 11% 2.14 0.19

Grocery Water Heat 100% 32% 0.30 0.30

Hospital Computers 100% 100% 0.96 0.96

Hospital Cooking 100% 32% 0.54 0.54

Hospital Cooling Chillers 23% 100% 1.75 0.46

Hospital Cooling Dx 49% 100% 1.91 0.50

Hospital Heat Pump 7% 100% 3.74 1.64
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.1-9 

Segment End Use Saturation 

Electric 

Fuel Share

Weighted Average 

EUI - Existing 

Weighted Average 

EUI - New 

Hospital HVAC Aux 93% 100% 5.37 4.19

Hospital Lighting Exterior 100% 100% 0.58 0.58

Hospital Lighting Interior 100% 100% 4.55 2.85

Hospital Other Office Equipment 100% 100% 0.87 0.87

Hospital Other Plug Load 100% 100% 2.54 2.54

Hospital Refrigeration 100% 100% 0.50 0.50

Hospital Space Heat 87% 48% 1.26 0.69

Hospital Water Heat 100% 48% 1.36 1.37

Hotel Motel Computers 100% 100% 0.10 0.10

Hotel Motel Cooking 100% 8% 0.65 0.65

Hotel Motel Cooling Chillers 27% 100% 1.59 0.50

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx 16% 100% 1.74 0.54

Hotel Motel Heat Pump 27% 100% 4.00 2.10

Hotel Motel HVAC Aux 90% 100% 3.24 2.02

Hotel Motel Lighting Exterior 100% 100% 0.66 0.66

Hotel Motel Lighting Interior 100% 100% 2.87 1.90

Hotel Motel Other Office Equipment 100% 100% 0.08 0.08

Hotel Motel Other Plug Load 100% 100% 1.12 1.12

Hotel Motel Space Heat 57% 53% 4.01 2.55

Hotel Motel Water Heat 100% 39% 1.70 1.72

Office Computers 100% 100% 0.52 0.52

Office Cooling Chillers 23% 100% 1.53 0.57

Office Cooling Dx 39% 100% 1.67 0.62

Office Heat Pump 28% 100% 3.22 1.39

Office HVAC Aux 85% 100% 1.53 1.29

Office Lighting Exterior 100% 100% 0.51 0.51

Office Lighting Interior 100% 100% 3.80 2.34

Office Other Office Equipment 100% 100% 0.41 0.41

Office Other Plug Load 100% 100% 0.65 0.65

Office Space Heat 56% 61% 3.21 0.66

Office Water Heat 100% 82% 0.46 0.46

Other Computers 100% 100% 0.20 0.20

Other Cooking 100% 53% 0.39 0.39

Other Cooling Chillers 7% 100% 1.70 0.77

Other Cooling Dx 29% 100% 1.85 0.84

Other Heat Pump 9% 100% 3.13 1.47

Other HVAC Aux 83% 100% 2.12 1.75

Other Lighting Exterior 100% 100% 1.23 1.23

Other Lighting Interior 100% 100% 2.75 1.95

Other Other Office Equipment 100% 100% 0.22 0.22

Other Other Plug Load 100% 100% 1.08 1.08

Other Refrigeration 100% 100% 0.20 0.20

Other Space Heat 73% 44% 2.62 0.55

Other Water Heat 100% 60% 0.37 0.37

Restaurant Computers 100% 100% 0.13 0.13

Restaurant Cooking 100% 18% 9.42 9.42

Restaurant Cooling Dx 51% 100% 4.16 1.58

Restaurant Heat Pump 14% 100% 5.07 2.20

Restaurant HVAC Aux 89% 100% 3.57 2.84

Restaurant Lighting Exterior 100% 100% 2.36 2.36

Restaurant Lighting Interior 100% 100% 5.71 3.23

Restaurant Other Office Equipment 100% 100% 0.23 0.23

Restaurant Other Plug Load 100% 100% 1.39 1.39

Restaurant Refrigeration 100% 100% 5.50 5.50
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.1-10 

Segment End Use Saturation 

Electric 

Fuel Share

Weighted Average 

EUI - Existing 

Weighted Average 

EUI - New 

Restaurant Space Heat 76% 12% 1.35 0.31

Restaurant Water Heat 100% 38% 8.63 8.53

School Computers 100% 100% 0.47 0.47

School Cooking 100% 55% 0.22 0.22

School Cooling Chillers 25% 100% 0.33 0.15

School Cooling Dx 21% 100% 0.36 0.17

School Heat Pump 25% 100% 2.82 1.22

School HVAC Aux 99% 100% 1.32 0.89

School Lighting Exterior 100% 100% 0.76 0.76

School Lighting Interior 100% 100% 2.73 1.96

School Other Office Equipment 100% 100% 0.25 0.25

School Other Plug Load 100% 100% 0.26 0.26

School Refrigeration 100% 100% 0.50 0.50

School Space Heat 74% 9% 5.67 1.84

School Water Heat 100% 34% 1.42 1.42

University Computers 100% 100% 0.47 0.47

University Cooking 100% 55% 0.42 0.42

University Cooling Chillers 4% 100% 0.33 0.15

University Cooling Dx 5% 100% 0.36 0.17

University Heat Pump 1% 100% 2.82 1.22

University HVAC Aux 96% 100% 1.32 0.89

University Lighting Exterior 100% 100% 0.76 0.76

University Lighting Interior 100% 100% 3.79 2.72

University Other Office Equipment 100% 100% 0.25 0.25

University Other Plug Load 100% 100% 0.26 0.26

University Refrigeration 100% 100% 0.50 0.50

University Space Heat 95% 9% 5.67 1.84

University Water Heat 100% 34% 1.42 1.42

Warehouse Computers 100% 100% 0.06 0.06

Warehouse Cooling Chillers 4% 100% 0.17 0.21

Warehouse Cooling Dx 14% 100% 0.19 0.23

Warehouse Heat Pump 6% 100% 0.76 0.56

Warehouse HVAC Aux 52% 100% 0.58 0.56

Warehouse Lighting Exterior 100% 100% 0.28 0.28

Warehouse Lighting Interior 100% 100% 2.50 1.67

Warehouse Other Office Equipment 100% 100% 0.05 0.05

Warehouse Other Plug Load 100% 100% 0.41 0.41

Warehouse Refrigeration 100% 100% 0.05 0.05

Warehouse Space Heat 48% 26% 1.13 0.37

Warehouse Water Heat 100% 82% 0.19 0.19
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.1-11 

Table B.1.10. Commercial Gas Saturations, Fuel Shares, and EUIs 

Segment End Use Saturation 

Gas Fuel 

Share 

Weighted Average 

EUI - Existing 

Weighted Average 

EUI - New 

Dry Goods Retail Other 100% 100% 0.00 0.00

Dry Goods Retail Space Heat Boiler 9% 100% 0.07 0.04

Dry Goods Retail Space Heat Furnace 83% 81% 0.10 0.06

Dry Goods Retail Water Heat 100% 40% 0.03 0.03

Grocery Cooking 100% 54% 0.19 0.19

Grocery Other 100% 100% 0.00 0.00

Grocery Space Heat Boiler 1% 100% 0.24 0.05

Grocery Space Heat Furnace 96% 88% 0.34 0.07

Grocery Water Heat 100% 80% 0.12 0.13

Hospital Cooking 100% 67% 0.04 0.04

Hospital Other 100% 100% 0.00 0.00

Hospital Pool Heat 100% 3% 0.03 0.02

Hospital Space Heat Boiler 35% 85% 0.33 0.32

Hospital Space Heat Furnace 56% 78% 0.48 0.46

Hospital Water Heat 100% 64% 0.41 0.42

Hotel Motel Cooking 100% 98% 0.08 0.08

Hotel Motel Other 100% 100% 0.00 0.00

Hotel Motel Pool Heat 100% 44% 0.11 0.06

Hotel Motel Space Heat Boiler 57% 69% 0.17 0.13

Hotel Motel Space Heat Furnace 31% 44% 0.25 0.18

Hotel Motel Water Heat 100% 77% 0.31 0.31

Office Other 100% 100% 0.00 0.00

Office Space Heat Boiler 28% 66% 0.22 0.11

Office Space Heat Furnace 57% 41% 0.32 0.16

Office Water Heat 100% 34% 0.03 0.04

Other Cooking 100% 49% 0.04 0.04

Other Other 100% 100% 0.00 0.00

Other Space Heat Boiler 25% 100% 0.15 0.08

Other Space Heat Furnace 68% 73% 0.21 0.11

Other Water Heat 100% 58% 0.03 0.03

Restaurant Cooking 100% 82% 1.61 1.61

Restaurant Other 100% 100% 0.00 0.00

Restaurant Space Heat Boiler 0% 100% 0.04 0.03

Restaurant Space Heat Furnace 92% 96% 0.06 0.05

Restaurant Water Heat 100% 67% 0.43 0.44

School Cooking 100% 46% 0.02 0.02

School Other 100% 100% 0.00 0.00

School Pool Heat 100% 13% 0.17 0.03

School Space Heat Boiler 75% 98% 0.12 0.10

School Space Heat Furnace 23% 83% 0.17 0.14

School Water Heat 100% 79% 0.06 0.06

University Cooking 100% 46% 0.05 0.05

University Other 100% 100% 0.00 0.00

University Pool Heat 100% 13% 0.14 0.05

University Space Heat Boiler 75% 98% 0.23 0.20

University Space Heat Furnace 23% 83% 0.34 0.29

University Water Heat 100% 79% 0.10 0.10

Warehouse Other 100% 100% 0.00 0.00

Warehouse Space Heat Boiler 1% 100% 0.09 0.05

Warehouse Space Heat Furnace 65% 84% 0.13 0.07

Warehouse Water Heat 100% 20% 0.02 0.02
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.1-12 

Table B.1.11. Industrial Electric End Use Percents by Segment 

End Use 

Chemical 

Mfg 

Computer 

Electronic 

Mfg 

Electrical 

Equipment 

Mfg 

Fabricated 

Metal 

Products 

Food 

Mfg

Industrial 

Machinery

Misc.

Mfg

Nonmetallic 

Mineral 

Products 

Paper 

Mfg 

Petroleum 

Coal 

Products 

Plastics 

Rubber 

Products

Primary 

Metal 

Mfg 

Printing 

Related 

Support

Trans

Equip

Mf

Fans 7% 4% 5% 7% 3% 6% 5% 8% 15% 12% 7% 4% 7% HVAC 7% 28% 15% 10% 8% 23% 25% 6% 5% 3% 11% 3% 19% Indirect Boiler 

2% 1% 0% 0% 2% 0% 2% 0% 4% 1% 1% 0% 1% 

Lighting 4% 12% 12% 9% 7% 15% 17% 5% 4% 2% 9% 3% 12% Motors Other 

16% 8% 10% 19% 17% 18% 20% 22% 30% 34% 20% 18% 20% 

Other 3% 8% 4% 3% 4% 4% 6% 3% 2% 1% 4% 1% 6% Process Aircomp 

17% 1% 11% 8% 3% 7% 5% 9% 4% 14% 8% 4% 8% 

Process Cool 

9% 11% 5% 4% 27% 3% 6% 3% 2% 6% 9% 1% 6% 

Process Electro Chemical 

10% 1% 0% 2% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 0% 0% 32% 0% 

Process Heat 

5% 11% 23% 20% 6% 7% 10% 22% 3% 0% 16% 29% 3% 

Process Other 

1% 8% 3% 3% 1% 2% 1% 3% 1% 0% 0% 1% 0% 

Process Refrig 

5% 1% 3% 3% 13% 3% 0% 4% 4% 6% 3% 0% 4% 

Pumps 16% 7% 10% 12% 7% 11% 3% 14% 24% 21% 13% 3% 13% 

Table B.1.12. Industrial Gas End Use Percents by Segment 

End 

Use 

Chemical 

Mfg 

Computer 

Electronic 

Mfg 

Electrical 

Equipment 

Mfg 

Fabricated 

Metal 

Products

Food 

Mfg

Industrial 

Machinery 

Misc. 

Mfg 

Nonmetallic 

Mineral 

Products 

Paper 

Mfg 

Petroleum 

Coal 

Products 

Plastics 

Rubber 

Products

Primary 

Metal 

Mfg 

Printing 

Related 

Support

Transp

Equipm

Mfg 

HVAC 2% 40% 21% 15% 5% 40% 55% 4% 3% 1% 20% 6% 17% Indirect Boiler 

60% 47% 18% 16% 58% 27% 18% 5% 62% 34% 47% 9% 12% 

Other 1% 3% 2% 2% 0% 1% 0% 2% 3% 0% 3% 11% 8% Process Heat 

28% 7% 57% 67% 34% 32% 23% 87% 28% 61% 26% 71% 62% 

Process Other 

9% 2% 3% 0% 4% 0% 5% 2% 4% 5% 5% 3% 0% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services 

Appendix B.2: Measure Descriptions 

This section contains a brief description of each measure used in the energy-efficiency potential. 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services 

Appendix B.2: Measure Descriptions 

1. Residential Electric Retrofit Measure Descriptions ..................................1

Heating and Cooling .......................................................................................................... 1

Lighting .............................................................................................................................. 4

Water Heat ........................................................................................................................ 4

Appliances ......................................................................................................................... 5

Plug Load .......................................................................................................................... 5

Other (Pool) ....................................................................................................................... 6

2. Residential Electric Equipment Measure Descriptions.............................7

Heating and Cooling .......................................................................................................... 7

Lighting .............................................................................................................................. 8

Water Heat ........................................................................................................................ 8

Appliances ......................................................................................................................... 8

Plug Load .......................................................................................................................... 9

Other (Pool) ..................................................................................................................... 10

3. Residential Gas Retrofit Measure Descriptions ...................................... 11

Heating ............................................................................................................................ 11

Water Heat ...................................................................................................................... 13

4. Residential Gas Equip Measure Descriptions ........................................ 15

Heating ............................................................................................................................ 15

Water Heat ...................................................................................................................... 15

Appliances ....................................................................................................................... 16

Other (Pool) ..................................................................................................................... 16

5. Commercial Electric Retrofit Measure Descriptions .............................. 17

HVAC (and Envelope) ..................................................................................................... 17

Lighting ............................................................................................................................ 21

Water Heat ...................................................................................................................... 22

Refrigeration .................................................................................................................... 24

Other ............................................................................................................................... 26

6. Commercial Electric Equipment Measure Descriptions ........................ 30

HVAC .............................................................................................................................. 30

Water Heating ................................................................................................................. 31

Other ............................................................................................................................... 31

7. Commercial Gas Retrofit Measure Descriptions .................................... 32

HVAC (and Envelope) ..................................................................................................... 32

Water Heat ...................................................................................................................... 34

Other ............................................................................................................................... 36
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services 

8. Commercial Gas Equipment Measure Descriptions .............................. 37

HVAC .............................................................................................................................. 37

Water Heat ...................................................................................................................... 37

9. Industrial Electric Measure Descriptions ................................................ 38

10. Industrial Gas Measure Descriptions ...................................................... 40
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-1 

1. Residential Electric Retrofit Measure Descriptions 

Heating and Cooling 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchanger. This measure mechanically ventilates homes in cold climates. 

During the winter, it transfers heat from the air being exhausted to outside air entering the home. 

Between 50 and 80 percent of the heat normally lost in exhausted air is returned to the house. 

Air-to-air heat exchangers can be installed as part of a central heating and cooling system or in 

walls or windows. Wall- and window-mounted units resemble air conditioners and ventilate one 

room or area.1

Canned Lighting Air-Tight Sealing. Proper sealing around recessed lighting fixtures prevents 

unwanted heat loss through these air spaces due to air pressure differentials in conditioned and 

unconditioned spaces in homes. The baseline is no sealing around lighting fixtures. 

Ceiling Fan. ENERGY STAR®-qualified ceiling fans have improved motor and blade designs 

that allow the user to increase the thermostat set point by a few degrees, which decreases the AC 

cooling runtime yet still feels at least 5° cooler. The fans do not create cooler temperatures. This 

measure does not include light fixtures; all savings are associated with installating an ENERGY 

STAR® ceiling fan where no prior fan was present. 

Ceiling Insulation. This measure represents an increase in R-value. Added ceiling insulation 

increases the building’s thermal performance and brings the resistance value up to and past code, 

depending on the building vintage. Table B-2.1 summarizes the different resistance values 

compared in the measure. 

Table B-2.1. Ceiling R-Value Comparison 

Measure Insulation Baseline Insulation 

R-49 R-0 

R-49 R-10 

R-60 R-49 

Check Me! O&M Tune-up. Performing a system tune-up and regular maintenance ensures that 

the refrigerant charge and airflow through the evaporator coil (two factors that affect system 

efficiency) are properly tested and correctly adjusted. Maintenance includes changing filters and 

cleaning the coils to maintain the overall performance and efficiency of the unit. 

Construction, ICF. Building a concrete home with insulating concrete forms (ICFs) saves 

energy. Greater insulation, tighter construction, and the temperature-moderating mass of the 

walls conserve heating and cooling energy much better than conventional wood-frame walls.

Construction, SIP. A structural insulated panel (SIP) uses continuous foam insulation 

throughout the panel, which provides excellent energy efficiency and low levels of air 

infiltration. The baseline is standard wood framing.

 

1

 http://cipco.apogee.net/res/reevhex.asp
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-2 

Cool Roofs. ENERGY STAR®-qualified cool roofs have reflective coating and can decrease roof 

surface temperatures by up to 100o F, thereby decreasing the amount of heat transferred into a 

building. Cool roofs can reduce the amount of air conditioning needed in buildings and can 

reduce peak cooling demand by 10 percent to 15 percent.2

 This could be considered a passive 

measure. 

Dehumidifier, Whole House. A high capacity whole house dehumidifier can stand alone in a 

basement or be ducted into an existing central air conditioning system. These units remove 

moisture content from the air and prevent mold, mildew, and damp conditions.

Doors. Composite or steel doors with a foam core increase overall insulation, slowing heat loss. 

This measure includes adding a thermal door with a resistance value of R-5 or R-11 to houses 

without a thermal or storm door (R-2.5).

Doors, Weatherization. Mounting weather stripping to the bottom of an exterior door minimizes 

infiltration door sweep. This type of weatherization consists of an extruded aluminum strip 

holding a flexible vinyl strip that blocks the air space between the door frame and the door. The 

baseline for this measure is no weather stripping. 

Duct Fittings, Leak-Proof. The majority of duct leakage in residential HVAC systems is due to 

improperly sealed connections between ductwork and fittings. Even when duct connections are 

initially well-sealed, leakage may increase over time. 

Duct Insulation Upgrade. The addition of insulation around ducts in a heating system reduces 

heat loss to unconditioned spaces. This measure improves existing duct insulation from R-4 to 

R-8. 

Duct Location. Locating ducts in conditioned spaces reduces wasted heat loss.3

 Many homes 

have ducts that run through unconditioned areas (such as attics, garages, crawlspaces, and 

basements) for convenience and practical reasons. Ducts in unconditioned areas lose energy 

because of the temperature difference between conditioned air in the ducts and the surrounding 

space.

Duct Sealing. Duct sealing cost-effectively saves energy, improves air and thermal distribution 

(comfort and ventilation), and reduces cross contamination between different zones in the 

building (such as smoking vs. non-smoking, bio-aerosols, and localized indoor air pollutants). 

Duct Sealing, Aerosol-Based. This aerosol technology seals duct holes up to 1/4-inch in 

diameter by spraying atomized latex aerosol into the inside of a pressurized duct system. A 

significant amount of energy use in residential buildings is associated with duct losses due to 

leakage. 

Fan, Whole House. A whole house fan is a simple and inexpensive method of cooling a house 

when outdoor temperatures are lower than indoor temperatures. The fan draws cool outdoor air 

inside the home through open windows and exhausts hot indoor air through the attic to the 

outside. 

 

2

 http://www.aceee.org/consumer/cooling 3

 http://www.toolbase.org/pdf/techinv/ductsinconditionedspace_techspec.pdf
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-3 

Floor Insulation. The addition of floor insulation increases the overall resistance value of a 

home and slows heat transfer from the basement to the upper levels. Table B-2.2 summarizes the 

different resistance values compared in the measure. 

Table B-2.2. Floor R-Value Comparison 

Measure Insulation Baseline Insulation 

R-30 R-0 

R-38 R-30 

Green Roof. The added mass and thermal resistance of green roofs reduces the heating and 

cooling loads of the building. These roofs reduce the ambient temperature of the roof surface and 

slow the transfer of heat into the building, which reduces cooling costs. They also add insulation 

to the roof structure, reducing heating requirements in the winter.4

 Additionally, they reduce the 

ambient temperature around the roof, which decreases the building’s urban heat island effect. 

HVAC Unit, Proper Sizing. Correctly-sized HVAC systems operate for longer periods of time 

(instead of cycling on and off frequently), which results in optimum equipment operating 

efficiency and better control.5

Infiltration Control (Caulk, Weather Strip, etc.) Blower Door Test. Sealing air leaks in 

windows, doors, the roof, crawlspaces, and outside walls prevents drafts and reduces overall 

heating and cooling losses. 

Radiant Barrier, Ceiling. A radiant barrier generally consists of a thin piece of aluminum 

installed in a ceiling that reduces the solar heat gain from the sun during the summer and traps 

heat in during the winter. These barriers reduce heat transfer between the air space of the roof 

deck and the attic floor. 

Smart Siting. This measure, which applies only to new construction, entails optimizing the 

building orientation to minimize the heating and cooling load on the HVAC system. 

Solar Attic Fan. This measure provides forced attic fan ventilation, which reduces residential 

heat gains from the ceiling. Because this fan is solar-powered, it runs conveniently when the sun 

is shining. The baseline uses passive ventilation without a fan.

Thermal Shell, Infiltration at 0.2 ACH w/ HRV. Heat recovery ventilation (HRV) provides 

fresh air and improved climate control, while also saving energy by reducing the heating (or 

cooling) requirements of a building. Combining this feature with better infiltration control (0.2 

air changes per hour) minimizes the energy needed to maintain a healthy level of fresh air and 

reduces heat loss due to air leakage. 

Thermostat, Multi-Zone. A multi-zone programmable thermostat automatically controls the set 

point temperatures for multiple areas (rooms or zones), ensuring the HVAC system is not 

running during low-occupancy hours. The baseline for this measure is a programmable 

thermostat with central control only. 

 

4

 http://www.toolbase.org/Technology-Inventory/Roofs/green-roofs 5

 http://www.toolbase.org/Technology-Inventory/HVAC/hvac-sizing-practice
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-4 

Wall Insulation, 2x4 and 2x6. The presence of wall insulation slows the transfer of heat and 

reduces the heating and cooling loads in a house. Table B-2.3 compares the different insulation 

levels for 2x4 and 2x6 framing. 

Table B-2.3. Wall Insulation Measures 

Construction Type Measure Insulation Baseline Insulation 

2x4 R-13 R-0 

2x6 R-21 R-0 

R-21 + R-5 Sheathing R-21 

Windows. This measure provides increased building performance by reducing the U-value in 

existing and new construction windows, as shown in Table B-2.4. 

Table B-2.4. High Efficiency Window Measures 

Measure U-Value Baseline U-Value 

0.30 Single Pane 

0.30 Double Pane 

0.25 0.30 

0.22 0.30 

Window Overhang. A window overhang shades windows, which reduces solar heat gains and 

decreases the overall cooling load on the home. 

Lighting 

Daylighting Controls (Photocell), Indoor/Outdoor. Photocells adjust lighting levels according 

to the level of daylight the room is receiving. The baseline is no daylighting controls. 

Occupancy Sensor. An occupancy sensor turns off the lights after a space is unoccupied for a 

designated amount of time. The lights turn on again when the sensor detects a person in the 

space. 

Time Clock, Exterior Lighting. This technology allows users to program times for lights outside 

the residence to be turned on and off automatically. Programmed exterior lighting saves energy 

by ensuring that lights are not left on during the daytime. 

Water Heat 

Clothes Washer, ENERGY STAR®. This clothes washer uses less energy and water than regular 

washers.6

 We compared three levels of efficiency―in units of the corresponding Modified 

Energy Factor (MEF) ―for this measure, as shown in Table B-2.5. The baseline MEF represents 

the average MEF of non-ENERGY STAR®-qualified models. 

 

6

 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=CW
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-5 

Table B-2.5. Clothes Washer Modified Energy Factor Comparisons 

Measure Level Measure MEF Baseline MEF 

ENERGY STAR 2.0-2.19 1.66 

CEE Tier 2 2.2-2.45 1.66 

CEE Tier 3 2.46 + 1.66 

Dishwasher, ENERGY STAR®. This dishwasher uses advanced technology to clean dishes with 

less water and energy. The efficient model uses less than 307 kWh/year (including standby 

consumption) and less than 5 gallons of water per cycle. The baseline model consumes 340 

kWh/year. 

Drain Water Heat Recovery. Also called gravity film heat exchanges, this device recovers heat 

energy from domestic drain water, which is then used to pre-heat cold water entering the hot 

water tank. This minimizes the temperature difference between the heating set point and the 

temperature of the water entering the system. 

Hot Water Pipe Insulation. The addition of R-4 insulation around pipes decreases heat loss. The 

baseline is a hot water pipe without insulation.

Low-Flow Showerheads. Low-flow showerheads mix water and air to reduce the amount of 

water that flows through the showerhead. The showerhead creates a fine water spray through an 

inserted screen in the showerhead. This measure reduces a showerhead’s flow rate from 2.5 

gallons per minute to 2.0 gallons per minute. 

Water Heater Tank Blanket. The installation of R-5 insulation on older models of water heaters 

helps reduce standby losses. 

Water Heater Thermostat Setback. This measure generates savings by reducing the thermostat 

set point temperature from 135° to 120°F. The set point temperature on hot water systems is 

often set higher than necessary. 

Appliances 

Refrigerator/Freezer, Removal of Secondary. This refers to environmentally friendly disposal of 

unneeded or inefficient appliances such as secondary refrigerators or stand-alone freezers. 

Stand-Alone Freezer, Removal. The removal of stand-alone freezers is beneficial because of the 

inefficient use of energy by these appliances. Proper disposal is required due to their use of 

hazardous materials such as Freon and CFCs. 

Plug Load 

1-Watt Standby Power. Standby power is the electricity used by small electrical equipment or 

appliances when they are switched off or are not performing their main function. Minimizing this 

loss to one watt or less can reduce this standby energy consumption by more than 50 percent. 

Battery Charger, ENERGY STAR®. On average, these battery chargers use 35 percent less 

energy than conventional battery chargers, which draw as much as five to 20 times more energy 

than is actually stored in the battery (even when not actively charging a product). Battery 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-6 

charging systems recharge a variety of cordless products, including power tools, small household 

appliances, and electric shavers. The baseline is a standard battery charger.7

Office Copier, ENERGY STAR®. These copy machines are 40 percent more efficient than 

standard office copy machines.8

Office Printer, ENERGY STAR®. These printers are 40 percent more efficient than standard 

printers. 

Smart Strip. Power strips with an occupancy sensor will turn power to all devices plugged into 

the strip on and off, such as computers, desk lights, and audio equipment, based on occupancy 

within the work area. 

Other (Pool) 

Pool Pump Timers. A pool pump with a timer set to run during off-peak times (starting after 

8:00 p.m. and cycling off before 10:00 a.m.) reduces energy costs. Cycling the pumps will 

further reduce monthly costs. The baseline is a continuously running pump. 

 

7

 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=battery_chargers.pr_battery_chargers 8

 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=IEQ
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-7 

2. Residential Electric Equipment Measure 

Descriptions 

Heating and Cooling 

Air or Ground Source Heat Pump (ASHP or GSHP). Electric heat pumps move heat to or from 

the air or the ground to cool and heat a home. Table B-2.6 displays the different efficiency levels 

we compared for this measure. The baseline size is the same as the measure size. 

Table B-2.6. Heat Pump SEER/HSPF Comparisons 

Measure Efficiency Baseline SEER & HSPF 

ASHP 14 SEER, 8.5 HSPF 

ASHP 16 SEER, 8.8 HSPF ASHP 13 SEER, 7.7 HSPF 

GSHP 16.2 EER, 8.8 HSPF 

Central Cooling. This measure consists of several different air conditioner technology/efficiency 

levels, as summarized in Table B-2.7. The baseline size is the same as the measure size. 

Table B-2.7. Central AC SEER Comparison 

Measure Baseline SEER 

14 SEER 

16 SEER 13 SEER 

18 SEER 

Conversion Baseboard Heating to Ductless Heat Pump (DHP). DHPs move heat to or from the 

air to cool and heat a home without the need for costly ductwork. This method of heating has a 

HSPF value of 7.7, consuming less energy than baseboard heating that has a HSPF value of 1.

Conversion Electric Furnace to Air Source Heat Pump (ASHP). ASHPs move heat to or from 

the air to cool and heat a home. This method of heating has a HSPF value of 7.7, consuming less 

energy than an electric furnace that has a HSPF value of 1. 

Motor, ECM and ECM-VFD. Electronically commutated motors (ECMs) and ECMs with 

variable frequency drives (VFD) consume less power than the standard motor used in ventilation 

and circulation systems. 

Room Air Conditioner (Room AC), 10,000 BTU/HR. ENERGY STAR®-qualified room ACs 

use less energy than conventional models through improved energy performance and timers, 

which allow for better temperature control. ENERGY STAR®-qualified room air conditioners 

have an efficiency rating of 10.8 EER, compared to standard models, which have an efficiency 

rating of 9.8 EER. 

Room AC Conversion to Ductless Heat Pump (DHP). DHPs use less energy than room AC 

while also producing less noise and requiring no costly ductwork. DHPs have an efficiency of 13 

SEER, replacing a room AC unit with an efficiency rating of 9.8 EER. 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-8 

Lighting 

Compact Fluorescent Lights (CFL), 13, 20, and 25 Watt. Specialty 3-way CFLs use 73 percent 

to 83 percent less energy and have a longer life than incandescent 3-way, 60, 75, or 150 watt 

light bulbs. 

Compact Fluorescent Lights (CFL), 15 Watt. Standard CFLs use 62 percent less energy than the 

Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) 43 watt incandescent bulbs. The baseline for this 

measure reflects the 2012-2014 changes to accommodate the EISA of 2007, reaching a baseline 

value of 43 watts. 

Compact Fluorescent Lights (CFL), 17 Watt Flood Light. Exterior CFLs use 62 percent less 

energy than EISA 45 watt incandescent bulbs. The baseline for this measure reflects the 2012-

2014 changes to accommodate the EISA of 2007, reaching a baseline value of 45 watts. 

Light emitting diodes (LEDs), 7 Watts. LEDs are solid-state devices that convert electricity to 

light, use 80 percent less energy, and have a long life. The baseline for this measure reflects the 

2012-2014 changes to accommodate the EISA of 2007, reaching a baseline value of 43 watts. 

Water Heat 

Water Heater, Heat Pump. This measure moves heat from a warm reservoir (such as air) into 

the hot water system.9

 This measure assumes an energy factor (EF) of 2.2, an increase from the 

standard EF of 0.92.

Water Heater, Storage. A high-efficiency water heater reduces standby loss and is more efficient 

than a standard electric water heater. This measure assumes an EF of 0.95, an increase from the 

standard EF of 0.92. 

Appliances 

Cooking Oven, High Efficiency. A high-efficiency cooking oven uses fans to circulate heat 

evenly throughout the oven (convection heat), operating at lower temperatures and achieving 

cook times quicker than a standard oven. The baseline is a standard oven. 

Dryer, High Efficiency. A high-efficiency dryer has features (such as moisture sensors) that 

minimize energy usage while retaining performance. The efficiency levels for this measure are 

shown in Table B-2.8. 

Table B-2.8. Dryer EF Comparison 

Measure Baseline 

3.08 EF 

3.19 EF 3.01 EF 

3.30 EF 

Freezer, ENERGY STAR. ENERGY STAR® -qualified freezers use 10 percent less energy than 

standard models due to improvements in insulation and compressors. 

 

9

 Description source: U.S. Department of Energy; 

http://www.energysavers.gov/your_home/water_heating/index.cfm/mytopic=12840
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-9 

Microwave, High Efficiency. High-efficiency microwaves use more efficient power supplies, 

fans, magnetron, and reflective surfaces that provide energy savings compared to conventional 

microwaves. 

Refrigerator, ENERGY STAR. ENERGY STAR®-qualified refrigerators use 20 percent less 

energy than standard models, due to improvements in insulation and compressors. 

Plug Load 

Computer, ENERGY STAR. ENERGY STAR® computers consume less than 2 watts in sleep 

and off modes, and are more efficient than conventional units in idle mode, resulting in 30 

percent to 65 percent energy savings. 

Dehumidifier, ENERGY STAR. ENERGY STAR®-qualified models have more efficient 

refrigeration coils, compressors, and fans than conventional models, and use less energy to 

remove moisture. Qualified models remove the same amount of moisture as a similarly-sized 

standard unit, but use 10 percent to 20 percent less energy. The baseline for this measure is a 

standard dehumidifier.10

DVD, ENERGY STAR. ENERGY STAR®-qualified DVD products meeting the new 

requirements use up to 60 percent less energy than standard models.11 ENERGY STAR® DVD 

players use as little as one-fourth of the energy of standard models in the off mode. The baseline 

for this measure is a standard DVD player. 

Home Audio System, ENERGY STAR. According to ENERGY STAR® products, a 6 percent 

energy savings can be achieved over standard home audio systems.12

Monitor, ENERGY STAR. ENERGY STAR® monitors feature: (1) on mode, where the 

maximum allowed power varies based on the computer monitor’s resolution; (2) sleep mode, 

where computer monitors must consume 2 watts or less; and, (3) off mode, where computer 

monitors must consume 1 watt or less. The baseline equipment does not include these features.13

Set Top Box, ENERGY STAR. Set top boxes that have earned the ENERGY STAR® rating are 

at least 30 percent more efficient than conventional models.14 The baseline measure is a standard 

receiver. 

TV, ENERGY STAR. ENERGY STAR®-qualified TVs use roughly 40 percent less energy than 

standard units.15 ENERGY STAR® models are required to consume no more than 1 watt while in 

sleep mode. The baseline is a standard television, which generally consumes more than 3 watts 

when turned off. 

 

10 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=DE 11 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=DP 12 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=HA 13 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.ShowProductGroup&pgw_code=MO 14 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=settop_boxes.settop_boxes 15 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=TV
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-10 

Other (Pool) 

Pool Pumps, Two Speed Motor. This measure enables a pool pump motor to operate at high and 

low speeds as opposed to constantly running at full power. The baseline for this measure is a 

standard one speed motor. 

Pool Pumps, VSD. This measure enables a pool pump motor to operate at variable speeds as 

opposed to constantly running at full power. The baseline for this measure is a standard one 

speed motor. 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-11 

3. Residential Gas Retrofit Measure Descriptions 

Heating 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchanger. An air-to-air heat exchanger mechanically ventilates homes in cold 

climates. During the winter, it transfers heat from the air being exhausted to the fresh, outside air 

entering the home. Between 50 and 80 percent of the heat normally lost in exhausted air is 

returned to the house. Air-to-air heat exchangers can be installed as part of a central heating and 

cooling system or in walls or windows. Wall- and window-mounted units resemble air 

conditioners and will ventilate one room or area.16

Canned Lighting Air-Tight Sealing. Proper sealing around recessed lighting fixtures prevents 

unwanted heat loss through these air spaces due to air pressure differentials in conditioned and 

unconditioned spaces in homes. The baseline is no sealing around lighting fixtures. 

Ceiling Insulation. This measure represents an increase in R-value. Added ceiling insulation 

increases the building’s thermal performance and brings the resistance value up to and past code, 

depending on the building vintage. Table B-2.9 summarizes the different resistance values 

compared in the measure. 

Table B-2.9. Ceiling R-Value Comparison 

Measure Insulation Baseline Insulation 

R-49 R-0 

R-49 R-10 

R-60 R-49 

Construction, ICF. Building a concrete home with insulating concrete forms (ICFs) saves 

energy. Greater insulation, tighter construction, and the temperature-moderating mass of the 

walls conserve heating and cooling energy much better than conventional wood-frame walls.

Construction, SIP. A structural insulated panel (SIP) uses continuous foam insulation 

throughout the panel, which provides excellent energy efficiency and low levels of air 

infiltration. The baseline is standard wood framing.

Doors. Composite or steel doors with a foam core increase overall insulation, slowing heat loss. 

This measure includes adding a thermal door with a resistance value of R-5 or R-11 to houses 

without a thermal or storm door (R-2.5).

Doors, Weatherization. Mounting weather stripping to the bottom of an exterior door minimizes 

infiltration door sweep. This type of weatherization consists of an extruded aluminum strip 

holding a flexible vinyl strip that blocks the air space between the door frame and the door. The 

baseline for this measure is no weather stripping. 

Duct Fittings, Leak-Proof. The majority of duct leakage in residential HVAC systems is due to 

improperly sealed connections between ductwork and fittings. Even when duct connections are 

initially well-sealed, leakage may increase over time. 

 

16 http://cipco.apogee.net/res/reevhex.asp
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-12 

Duct Insulation Upgrade. The addition of insulation around ducts in a heating system reduces 

heat loss to unconditioned spaces. This measure improves existing duct insulation from R-4 to 

R-8. 

Duct Location. Locating ducts in conditioned spaces reduces wasted heat loss.17 Many homes 

have ducts that run through unconditioned areas (such as attics, garages, crawlspaces, and 

basements) for convenience and practical reasons. Ducts in unconditioned areas lose energy 

because of the temperature difference between conditioned air in the ducts and the surrounding 

space.

Duct Sealing. Duct sealing cost-effectively saves energy, improves air and thermal distribution 

(comfort and ventilation), and reduces cross contamination between different zones in the 

building (such as smoking vs. non-smoking, bio-aerosols, and localized indoor air pollutants). 

Duct Sealing, Aerosol-Based. This aerosol technology seals duct holes up to 1/4-inch in 

diameter by spraying atomized latex aerosol into the inside of a pressurized duct system. A 

significant amount of energy use in residential buildings is associated with duct losses due to 

leakage. 

Floor Insulation. The addition of floor insulation increases the overall resistance value of a 

home and slows heat transfer from the basement to the upper levels. Table B-2.10 summarizes 

the different resistance values compared in the measure. 

Table B-2.10. Floor R-Value Comparison 

Measure Insulation Baseline Insulation 

R-30 R-0 

R-38 R-30 

Green Roof. The added mass and thermal resistance of green roofs reduces the heating and 

cooling loads of the building. These roofs reduce the ambient temperature of the roof surface and 

slow the transfer of heat into the building, which reduces cooling costs. They also add insulation 

to the roof structure, reducing heating requirements in the winter.18 Additionally, they reduce the 

ambient temperature around the roof, which decreases the building’s urban heat island effect. 

HVAC Unit, Proper Sizing. Correctly-sized HVAC systems operate for longer periods of time 

(instead of cycling on and off frequently), which results in optimum equipment operating 

efficiency and better control.19

Infiltration Control (Caulk, Weather Strip, etc.) Blower Door Test. Sealing air leaks in 

windows, doors, the roof, crawlspaces, and outside walls prevents drafts and reduces overall 

heating and cooling losses. 

Radiant Barrier, Ceiling. A radiant barrier generally consists of a thin piece of aluminum 

installed in a ceiling that reduces the solar heat gain from the sun during the summer and traps 

 

17 http://www.toolbase.org/pdf/techinv/ductsinconditionedspace_techspec.pdf 18 http://www.toolbase.org/Technology-Inventory/Roofs/green-roofs 19 http://www.toolbase.org/Technology-Inventory/HVAC/hvac-sizing-practice
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-13 

heat in during the winter. These barriers reduce heat transfer between the air space of the roof 

deck and the attic floor. 

Smart Siting. This measure, which applies only to new construction, entails optimizing the 

building orientation to minimize the heating and cooling load on the HVAC system. 

Thermal Shell, Infiltration at 0.2 ACH w/ HRV. Heat recovery ventilation (HRV) provides 

fresh air and improved climate control, while also saving energy by reducing the heating (or 

cooling) requirements of a building. Combining this feature with better infiltration control (0.2 

air changes per hour) minimizes the energy needed to maintain a healthy level of fresh air and 

reduces heat loss due to air leakage. 

Thermostat, Multi-Zone. A multi-zone programmable thermostat automatically controls the set 

point temperatures for multiple areas (rooms or zones), ensuring the HVAC system is not 

running during low-occupancy hours. The baseline for this measure is a programmable 

thermostat with central control only. 

Wall Insulation, 2x4 and 2x6. The presence of wall insulation slows the transfer of heat and 

reduces the heating and cooling loads in a house. Table B-2.11 compares the different insulation 

levels for 2x4 and 2x6 framing. 

Table B-2.11. Wall Insulation Measures 

Construction Type Measure Insulation Baseline Insulation 

2x4 R-13 R-0 

2x6 R-21 R-0 

R-21 + R-5 Sheathing R-21 

Windows. This measure provides increased building performance by reducing the U-value in 

existing and new construction windows, as shown in Table B-2.12. 

Table B-2.12. High Efficiency Window Measures 

Measure U-Value Baseline U-Value 

0.30 Single Pane 

0.30 Double Pane 

0.25 0.30 

0.22 0.30 

Water Heat 

Clothes Washer, ENERGY STAR®. This clothes washer uses less energy and water than regular 

washers.20 Three levels of efficiency―in units of the corresponding Modified Energy Factor 

(MEF) ―are shown in Table B-2.13. The baseline MEF represents the average MEF of nonENERGY STAR®-qualified models. 

 

20 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=CW
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-14 

Table B-2.13. Clothes Washer Modified Energy Factor Comparisons 

Measure Level Measure MEF Baseline MEF 

ENERGY STAR 2.0-2.19 1.66 

CEE Tier 2 2.2-2.45 1.66 

CEE Tier 3 2.46 + 1.66 

Dishwasher, ENERGY STAR®. This dishwasher uses advanced technology to clean dishes with 

less water and energy. The efficient model uses less than 307 kWh/year (including standby 

consumption) and less than 5 gallons of water per cycle. The baseline model consumes 340 

kWh/year. 

Drain Water Heat Recovery. Also called gravity film heat exchanges, this device recovers heat 

energy from domestic drain water, which is then used to pre-heat cold water entering the hot 

water tank. This minimizes the temperature difference between the heating set point and the 

temperature of the water entering the system. 

Hot Water Pipe Insulation. The addition of R-4 insulation around pipes decreases heat loss. The 

baseline is a hot water pipe without insulation.

Low-Flow Showerheads. Low-flow showerheads mix water and air to reduce the amount of 

water that flows through the showerhead. The showerhead creates a fine water spray through an 

inserted screen in the showerhead. This measure reduces a showerhead’s flow rate from 2.5 

gallons per minute to 2.0 gallons per minute. 

Water Heater Tank Blanket. The installation of R-5 insulation on older models of water heaters 

helps reduce standby losses. 

Water Heater Thermostat Setback. This measure generates savings by reducing the thermostat 

set point temperature from 135° to 120°F. The set point temperature on hot water systems is 

often set higher than necessary. 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-15 

4. Residential Gas Equip Measure Descriptions 

Heating 

Gas Boiler. Boilers are classified as condensing or non-condensing. Condensing boilers 

condense the flue gas and water vapor, extracting useful heat and improving the boiler 

efficiency. This measure compares several boilers with different thermal efficiencies and is 

applicable to both new and existing construction. The overall efficiency of the boiler is defined 

as the gross energy output divided by the energy input, and is affected by combustion efficiency, 

standby losses, cycling losses, and heat transfer. Table B-2.14 displays the measure and baseline 

thermal efficiencies. 

Table B-2.14. Gas Boiler Efficiency Comparison 

Measure AFUE Baseline AFUE 

90% 82% 94% 

Gas Furnace. Improvements in furnace technology, such as new ignition and heat exchange 

design, have led to increased furnace efficiency. The AFUE levels considered in this measure are 

shown in Table B-2.15. 

Table B-2.15. Gas Furnace Efficiency Comparison 

Measure AFUE Baseline AFUE 

90% 80% 95% 

Water Heat 

Water Heater, Storage. A high-efficiency water heater reduces standby loss and is more efficient 

than a standard electric water heater. The energy factors (EF) considered in this measure are 

shown in Table B-2.16. 

Table B-2.16. Water Heater EF Comparison 

Measure EF Baseline EF 

0.67 0.62 0.80 

Water Heater, Tankless. This measure provides hot water at a preset temperature as needed 

without storage, thereby reducing or eliminating standby losses. Tankless systems have an EF of 

0.82, compared to standard water heaters with an EF of 0.62.21

 

21 http://www.toolbase.org/Technology-Inventory/Plumbing/tankless-water-heaters
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-16 

Appliances 

High Efficiency Dryer. High efficiency dryers have features, such as moisture sensors, that 

minimize energy usage while retaining performance. The efficiency levels for this measure are 

shown in Table B-2.17. 

Table B-2.17. Dryer EF Comparison 

Measure Baseline 

2.74 EF 

2.83 EF 2.67 EF 

2.93 EF 

Other (Pool) 

Energy Efficient Pool Heater. Gas pool heaters use natural gas or propane. The water circulated 

by the pump passes through a filter and then travels to the heater. Gas burns in the heater 

combustion chamber, generating heat that warms the water returning to the pool. This measure 

assumes an efficiency level of 88 percent, compared to a standard 83 percent efficient pool 

heater. 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-17 

5. Commercial Electric Retrofit Measure 

Descriptions 

HVAC (and Envelope) 

Automated Ventilation Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) Control, Occupancy/CO2 sensors.

This measure is also known as demand-control ventilation (DCV), where the ventilation system 

automatically adjusts air flow when CO2 is above a specified level. CO2 controls maintain a 

minimum ventilation rate at all times to control non-occupant contaminants, such as off-gassing 

from furniture, equipment, and building components. The baseline of this measure is a 

ventilation system that runs constantly. 

Chilled Water/Condenser Water Settings, Optimization. Making adjustments to the chilled and 

condenser water system settings to better match the building load will reduce unnecessary use of 

the compressor and pumps. 

Chilled Water Piping Loop with Variable Speed Drive (VSD) Control. A VSD controller, with 

two-way valves at the cooling coils, controls the chilled water pump speed to vary based on the 

cooling load, thus reducing pumping energy requirements. The baseline is a constant speed pump 

with three-way valves. 

Chiller Water-Side Economizer. This measure consists of a heat exchanger attached to a 

condenser water piping loop that operates when outdoor conditions can produce colder 

condenser water than the mixed air temperature. A water side economizer is used when an 

outdoor-air economizer is not practical. The baseline measure is no economizer. 

Convert Constant Volume Air System to Variable Air Volume (VAV). This measure allows the 

airflow volume of a HVAC system to vary the heating or cooling load rather than overconditioning and short-cycling. The baseline is a constant volume system.

Cooling Tower, Decrease Approach Temperature. An oversized cooling tower allows a reduced 

approach temperature, which saves energy. The approach temperature is the difference between 

the water leaving the tower and the wet-bulb temperature. This measure assumes a 6 degree delta 

compared to the baseline of a 10 degree delta. 

Cooling Tower, Two-Speed Fan Motor. A two-speed fan cycles between off, low, and high 

speeds to maintain the tower set point. The low-speed setting uses less energy than a single, high 

speed fan. The baseline measure is a single-speed fan motor. 

Cooling Tower, Variable Speed Drive (VSD) Fan Control. VSDs modulate the air flow so that 

heat rejection exactly matches load at the desired set point, which saves energy. The baseline 

measure is a two-speed fan motor. 

Direct Digital Control (DDC) System, Installation. DDC systems allow for both HVAC and 

lighting to be controlled and monitored. For lighting, the DDC system allows for direct control 

of lights from a remote location. Entire HVAC systems, including pumps, motors, fans, and set 

points, can be digitally programmed for tighter control of the system. 

Direct Digital Control (DDC) System, Optimization. DDC is also known as an energy 

management system (EMS), which allows for digital monitoring and control of HVAC and 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-18 

lighting systems. The optimization refers to upgrading a high-efficiency energy management 

system to a premium efficiency system. 

Direct Digital Control (DDS) System, Wireless Performance Monitoring. This secondgeneration building automation systems allows for wireless optimization and operation of 

building systems (such as HVAC) through computerized monitoring and control software and 

interfaces. 

Direct Expansion (DX) Package Air-Side Economizer. An air-side economizer mixes return air 

with outside air to cool indoor spaces, which saves energy as less air needs to be cooled. 

Direct Expansion (DX) Tune-Up/Diagnostics. Regular maintenance of DX air-conditioning 

systems includes checking controls, replacing filters, cleaning coils and blowers, and checking 

refrigerant levels. 

Direct/Indirect Evaporative Cooling, Pre-Cooling. Direct evaporative coolers are low-energy 

systems that evaporate water into the air stream, thus reducing air temperature and increasing 

humidity. Indirect evaporative coolers use a secondary air stream that is cooled by water and 

travels through a heat exchanger with the primary air stream, cooling the air but not affecting the 

humidity. Direct/indirect systems cool the air stream via the indirect cooler, then cool it further 

through the direct cooler. Including an evaporative cooler before the DX system reduces the 

overall cooling load. 

Duct Fittings, Leak-Proof. The majority of duct leakage in residential HVAC systems is due to 

improperly sealed connections between ductwork and fittings. Even when duct connections are 

initially well-sealed, leakage may increase over time. 

Duct Repair and Sealing. This maintenance creates significant energy savings by ensuring 

conditioned air only goes to occupied spaces, thereby reducing an excessive runtime/load on the 

HVAC system. 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery. This measure captures heated air exhausted out 

of a building and transfers it to the incoming air, decreasing the overall heating load. 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air. This measure provides exhaust air at the hood instead of allowing 

the hood to exhaust conditioned air in the room. The baseline measure is for conditioned air to be 

expelled through exhaust hoods. 

Green Roof. The added mass and thermal resistance of green roofs reduces the heating and 

cooling loads of the building. These roofs reduce the ambient temperature of the roof surface and 

slow the transfer of heat into the building, which reduces cooling costs. They also add insulation 

to the roof structure, reducing heating requirements in the winter.22 Additionally, they reduce the 

ambient temperature around the roof, which decreases the building’s urban heat island effect. 

Hotel Key Card Energy Control System. This measure controls room HVAC and lighting during 

non-occupied periods. Occupancy is determined by the presence of a key card and/or additional 

sensors. The central system sets heating and cooling to a minimum and turns off lighting when 

the key card is removed. Once the key card is inserted, the hotel guest has full control of the 

room systems.

 

22 http://www.toolbase.org/Technology-Inventory/Roofs/green-roofs
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-19 

Infiltration Reduction (Caulking, Weather Stripping, etc.). Sealing air leaks in windows, doors, 

the roof, crawlspaces, and outside walls decreases overall heating and cooling losses. Baseline 

and measure values, in units of air changes per hour (ACH), are presented in Table B-2.18. 

Table B-2.18. Infiltration Reduction Measures 

Measure (ACH) Baseline (ACH) 

0.65 1.00 

Insulation, Ceiling. These measures represent an increase in R-value from existing building 

conditions to current state code or from current state code to better than code. Baseline and 

measure values are presented in Table B-2.19. 

Table B-2.19. Ceiling Insulation Measures 

Measure Baseline 

R-38 (State Code) R-7 

R-38 (State Code) R-8 

R-38 (State Code) R-11 

R-49 R-38 (State Code) 

Insulation, Duct. Packaged direct expansion and heat-pump equipment are generally coupled 

with a ducting system inside the building. Insulating these ducts reduces energy loss to the 

unconditioned plenum space. This measure assumes that R-7 insulation is installed where no 

insulation previously existed. 

Insulation, Floor (Non-Slab). These measures represent an increase in R-value from existing 

building conditions to current state code or from current state code to better than code. The 

baseline and measure R-values are presented in Table B-2.20.

Table B-2.20. Floor Insulation Measures 

Measure Baseline 

R-30 (State Code) R-7 

R-30 (State Code) R-8 

R-30 (State Code) R-11 

R-30 (State Code) R-19 

R-38 R-30 (State Code) 

Insulation, Wall. These measures represent an increase in R-value from existing building 

conditions to the current state code value of R-13 + 7.5. The baseline value of R-3 represents the 

average existing insulation level. 

Natural Ventilation System. This measure relies on pressure differences to move fresh air 

through buildings. Natural ventilation, unlike fan-forced ventilation, uses the natural forces of 

wind and buoyancy to deliver fresh air into buildings. The specific approach and design varies by 

building type and local climate. The amount of ventilation depends on internal space design and 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-20 

the size and placement of openings in the building. Natural ventilation offsets the energy 

required to run forced air ventilation systems. 23

Pipe Insulation. Adding 1.5-inches of insulation to water pipes yields an approximate R-value of 

R-6, which decreases temperature losses, thereby reducing demand on chilled water systems. 

Programmable Thermostat. This measure controls set point temperature automatically, ensuring 

the HVAC system is not running during low-occupancy hours. 

Retro-Commissioning. Commissioning ensures that energy-using systems are operating in an 

optimal fashion in order to maximize energy efficiency. This commissioning process can be 

applied to existing buildings to restore them to optimal performance. Retro-commissioning is a 

systematic, documented process that identifies low-cost operational and maintenance 

improvements in existing buildings and brings them up to the design intentions.24,25 The baseline 

measure is no commissioning. 

Sensible Heat Recovery Devices. This measure preconditions incoming air by transferring 

energy between the exhaust air stream and the supply air stream. This raises the temperature of 

incoming air during the winter and decreases it in the summer. Energy savings results from the 

reduced need for mechanical heating or cooling. 

Total Heat Recovery Devices. This measure, also called enthalpy recovery, transfers sensible 

and latent heat. Latent heat, which is released or absorbed due to a phase change (such as the 

condensation of water vapor), significantly raises the outdoor air humidity in the winter and 

reduces it in the summer.26

Window Film. Solar control window films applied to existing windows reduces peak demand 

during hot months and conserves air conditioning energy. The use of these films also reduces 

exposure to ultraviolet radiation and glare.27

Windows, High Efficiency. This measure increases building performance by reducing the Uvalue, as shown in Table B-2.21. 

Table B-2.21. High-efficiency Window Measures 

Measure U-Value Baseline U-Value 

0.40 (State Code) 0.68 

0.40 (State Code) 0.67 

0.40 (State Code) 0.65 

0.40 (State Code) 0.60 

0.32 0.40 (State Code) 

 

23 National Renewable Energy Laboratory; http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy03osti/33698.pdf 24 http://www.green.ca.gov/CommissioningGuidelines/default.htm 25 http://cbs.lbl.gov/BPA/cct.html 26 http://www.mcquay.com/mcquaybiz/marketing_tools/mt_corporate/EngNews/0701.pdf 27 http://www.iwfa.com/iwfa/Consumer_Info/windowfilmbenefits.html
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-21 

Lighting 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting. This measure allows an occupancy sensor to reduces the 

light load in an unoccupied stairwell by 50 percent for a set amount of time. The baseline is 

continuous operation at full power. 

Cold Cathode Lighting. This measure is a tubular light or bulb that passes an electrical current 

through a gas or vapor, much like neon lighting. A cold cathode light is up to five times brighter 

than neon, and has one of the longest lives of any lighting fixture at roughly 50,000 hours.28 Cold 

cathode lighting uses 5 watts compared to 30 watts for an incandescent bulb. 

Covered Parking Lighting. This measure reducing the energy use of covered parking garages by 

replacing inefficient metal halide lamps with LED and replacing high pressure sodium lamps 

with LED low bay lighting. 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell). Exterior photocells adjust lighting levels according 

to sunlight levels reaching desired set points. This measure achieves savings over time-clock or 

manual controls through changes in seasonal and site conditions by improving night time 

durations. 

Dimming, Continuous: Fluorescent Fixtures. A continuous dimming switch allows light level 

brightness to vary from 0 percent to 100 percent, increasing electricity savings. The baseline 

measure is fluorescent fixtures operating at full power. 

Dimming, Stepped: Fluorescent Fixtures. This measure allows the user to vary the light level 

by a number of specified tiers to adjust for the amount of outside daylight. The baseline measure 

is fluorescent fixtures operating at full power. 

Exit Sign, Light Emitting Diodes (LED). LED exit signs use only 2 watts of power and last over 

50,000 hours, compared to CFL exit signs that use 9 watts of power and have a shorter life. 

Exit Sign, Photoluminescent or Tritium. This measure uses no energy and provides lighting 

suitable for exit signage. 

Exterior Building Lighting, Package. This measure decreases lighting power density by 30 

percent. The baseline lighting technology includes all available technologies in a building that 

make up the total watts per square foot. 

Light Emitting Diodes (LED) Refrigeration Case Lights. These highly efficient bulbs create 55 

percent energy savings over standard 60 watt fluorescent refrigeration case light. 

Lighting Reduction Package, High Efficiency. This measure results in a 15 percent decrease in 

lighting power density (W/sqft). The baseline lighting technology includes all available 

technologies in a building that make up the total watts per square foot. Installation of the lighting 

reduction package reduces lighting power density with higher efficiency technologies, such as 

high performance T8 or T5 tubes, high-efficiency ballasts, reflective lighting fixtures, etc. 

Lighting Reduction Package, Premium Efficiency. This measure results in a 20 percent 

decrease in lighting power density (W/sqft). The baseline lighting technology includes all 

available technologies in a building that make up the total watts per square foot. Installation of 

 

28 Conjecture Corporation of wisegeek.com; http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-cold-cathode-light.htm
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-22 

the lighting reduction package reduces lighting power density with higher efficiency 

technologies, such as high performance T8 or T5 tubes, high-efficiency ballasts, reflective 

lighting fixtures, etc. 

Lighting Reduction Package, Super Premium Efficiency. This measure results in a 25 percent 

decrease in lighting power density (W/sqft). The baseline lighting technology includes all 

available technologies in a building that make up the total watts per square foot. Installation of 

the lighting reduction package reduces lighting power density (W/sqft) with higher efficiency 

technologies, such as high performance T8 or T5 tubes, high-efficiency ballasts, reflective 

lighting fixtures, etc. 

Lighting Reduction Package, Super Premium High Bay. Lighting reduction packages, such as 

T5HO (High Output) for high bay applications in a warehouse or grocery, can reduce the power 

density by 35 percent. The baseline lighting technology includes all available technologies in a 

building that make up the total watts per square foot.

Occupancy Sensor, Fluorescent. This measure turns off fluorescent lights after a space is 

unoccupied for a designated amount of time. The lights turn on again when the sensor detects a 

person in the space. Occupancy measures can control single or multiple lighting zones. The 

controlled lighting wattage varies depending on application. The baseline assumes no lighting 

controls. 

Solid State Light Emitting Diode (LED), White Lighting. LEDs are solid-state devices that 

convert electricity to light, with very high efficiency and long life. Recently, lighting 

manufacturers have indirectly produced ‘cool’ white LED lighting using ultraviolet LEDs to 

excite phosphors that emit a white-appearing light. This measure applies to exterior lighting for 

landscape, merchandise, signage, and structures. The baseline for this measure is 50 watts, 10 

hrs/day, 365 days/yr. 

Surface Parking Lighting. Replacing inefficient metal halide lamps that consume between 100-

150 watts with LED lighting that consumes 60-111 watts reduces the energy use of surface 

parking lots. LED lights also last longer than metal halide lamps, reducing the labor of replace 

lamps. 

Time Clock. This technology allows users to program lights and other loads to be turned on and 

off automatically in response to a time schedule, an occupancy sensor, or a building automation 

system. 

Water Heat 

Clothes Washer, Ozonating. This measure disinfects water with ozone-enriched air, which 

suppresses subsequent biological activity and controls biological growth within the appliance, 

thus reducing the need for hot water. The baseline measure is a standard commercial clothes 

washer.29

 

29 http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6607672-description.html
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-23 

Clothes Washer Commercial, ENERGY STAR®. This measure has more capacity than 

conventional top-load models with an agitator. Some front-loaders can wash over 20 pounds of 

laundry at once, compared to 10–15 pounds for a standard top-loader.30

Demand-Controlled Circulating Systems. This measure circulates hot water only when required. 

The baseline measure is a continuously circulating hot water system, resulting in energy loss 

through pipes. 

Dishwasher, Residential ENERGY STAR®. Residential sized ENERGY STAR® dishwashers 

are often appropriate for smaller commercial buildings, and are 10 percent more efficient than 

the federal minimum standard used as the baseline.31

Dishwasher, Commercial: High Temperature ENERGY STAR®. This measure has a minimal 

idle rate, consumes a minimal amount of water per rack of loaded dishes, and is on average 25 

percent more efficient than standard high temp commercial dishwashers.32 

Dishwasher, Commercial: Low Temperature ENERGY STAR®. This measure uses chemicals 

combined with low temperatures to save energy compared to standard high temperature 

commercial dishwashers.

Drain Water Heat Recovery, Water Heater. This measure recovers heat energy from drain water 

and uses it to heat water entering the hot water tank, minimizing the temperature rise required to 

achieve the water heater set point.33

Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation. One inch of extra insulation on hot water pipes yields an 

approximate R-value of R-4, decreasing temperature losses. This measure is only applicable for 

existing construction. The baseline measure is no insulation. 

Low-Flow Faucet Aerators. This measure mixes water and air, reducing the amount of water 

that flows through the faucet. It creates a fine water spray through an inserted screen in the faucet 

head. Flow rate requirements for this measure are presented in Table B-2.22. 

Table B-2.22. Faucet Aerator Flow Rates 

Measure Flow Rate (GPM*) Baseline Flow Rate (GPM) 

2.2 3.0 

1.5 2.2 

* Gallons per minute 

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray Valves. This measure mixes water and air, reducing the amount of 

water that flows through the spray head. The head creates a fine water spray through an inserted 

screen, achieving a flow reduction from 1.6 GPM (federal standard) to 0.6 GPM. 

 

30 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=clotheswash.pr_clothes_washers_comm 31 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=DW 32 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=COH 33 www.toolbase.org/Techinventory/TechDetails.aspx?ContentDetailID=858&BucketID=6&CategoryID=9
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-24 

Low-Flow Showerheads. This measure mixes water and air, reducing the amount of water that 

flows through the showerhead. The showerhead creates a fine water spray through an inserted 

screen. Flow rate requirements for this measure are presented in Table B-2.23. 

Table B-2.23. Low-Flow Showerhead Flow Rates 

Measure Flow Rate (GPM) Baseline Flow Rate (GPM) 

2.5 4.5 

2.0 2.5 

Ultrasonic Faucet Control. Ultrasonic sensors automatically turn faucet water on and off when 

motion is detected at the sink. This eliminates water running continuously while the sink is in 

use. 

Water Cooled Refrigeration with Heat Recovery. Heat recovery gathers and uses thermal energy 

for the water heater that would normally be rejected to the ambient environment. 

Water Heater Temperature Setback. This measure reduces the set point temperature from 130°F 

to 120°F. 

Refrigeration 

Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls. This measure enables the user to turn refrigeration display 

case anti-sweat heaters off when ambient relative humidity is low enough that sweating will not 

occur. Without controls, heaters generally run continuously. 

Case Electronically Commutated Motor (ECM). A case fan is one component of a refrigeration 

system. ECMs are smaller variable speed motors that operate from a single-phase power source 

with an electronic controller in or on the motor. The baseline measure is a standard efficiency 

motor. 

Case Replacement, Low and Medium Temperatures. Efficient refrigerated display cases 

achieve higher performance efficiency and reduce overall energy consumption by incorporating 

high performance evaporative fans, such as ECMs, energy-efficient double-pane glass doors, 

anti-sweat controls, high efficiency lighting and ballast, such as T8 or LED lamps, and improved 

insulation. 

Compressor VSD Retrofit. This measure modulates motor speed in response to load changes. 

When low-load conditions exist, current to the compressor motor is decreased, slowing the 

compressor motor. Baseline is a constant-speed compressor. 

Demand Control Defrost, Hot Gas. Evaporator frost reduces coil capacity by acting as a layer of 

insulation and reducing the airflow between fins. With hot gas defrost, refrigerant vapor from the 

compressor discharge or the high pressure receiver is used to warm the evaporator coil and melt 

the frost.34 

Evaporative Condenser, High Efficiency. This water cooled measure can cycle a refrigerator 

with less energy than a standard air-cooled system. 

 

34 Parker Refrigeration Specialists; 

http://www.parker.com/literature/Refrigerating%20Specialties%20Division/90-11a.pdf
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-25 

Floating Condenser Head Pressure Controls. This measure adds controls to float head pressure 

temperature down during periods of low load. The base case is a standard multiplex system with 

a fixed condensing set point. 

Glass Door, ENERGY STAR® Refrigerators/Freezers. Low-E, double-pane thermal glass doors 

reduce cooling loses in refrigerated reach-in cases. 

High Efficiency Compressors. A component of refrigeration systems, this measure operates up 

to 15 percent more efficiently than standard-efficiency compressors. 

Night Covers for Display Cases. This measure eliminates wasted refrigeration cooling by 

insulating display cases. In addition, it reduces the heating load of buildings by allowing less 

refrigerated air to escape and need reheated. 

Refrigeration Commissioning or Re-Commissioning. Commissioning ensures that refrigeration 

systems are operating in an optimal fashion in order to maximize energy efficiency. Retrocommissioning checks previously commissioned equipment to ensure that it is continuing to run 

efficiently. The baseline measure is no commissioning.35 

Refrigerator eCube. Refrigerators monitor circulating air temperatures to determine when to 

switch on and off. When the refrigerator door is opened, circulating air temperature increases 

more rapidly than food temperature, causing the equipment to work harder to maintain the set 

point. Instead of measuring air temperature, the eCube, a device with similar heat transfer 

characteristics to food, allows the refrigerator to monitor the more stable food temperature, 

resulting in less frequent cycling of the compressor. 

Solid-Door Refrigerators/Freezers, ENERGY STAR®. This measure is designed with high 

efficiency components such as an ECM evaporator, condenser fan motors, hot gas anti-sweat 

heaters, or high-efficiency compressors, saving energy compared to standard models.36

Standalone to Multiplex Compressor. This measure consists of multiple compressors drawing 

from a common suction header, serving any number of refrigerated display fixtures. The suction 

group is controlled to satisfy the lowest temperature required by any of the attached display 

fixtures, and therefore the fixtures served by a given suction group usually have similar 

temperature requirements. Baseline is a single dedicated compressor system for each 

refrigeration load.37, 38

Strip Curtains on Walk-In Refrigerators. This measure reduces the infiltration of warm air into 

the refrigerated space by improving the barrier between the refrigerated and the ambient air. 

Walk-In Electronically Commutated Motor (ECM). A walk-in fan is one component of 

refrigeration systems. ECMs typically have small horse power motors (less than 1 HP) that are 

factory programmed to run at certain speeds. ECMs operate from a single-phase power source 

 

35 http://cbs.lbl.gov/BPA/cct.html 36 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=CRF 37 http://www.energysmartgrocer.org/pdfs/PGE/BridgeEquipment%20SpecificationTandCs.pdf 38 http://www.bizlink.com/HPAC_articles/March2007/306.pdf
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-26 

with an electronic controller in or on the motor. The baseline measure is a standard efficiency 

motor.39

Other 

Battery Charger, ENERGY STAR®. On average, these battery chargers use 35 percent less 

energy than conventional battery chargers, which draw as much as five to 20 times more energy 

than is actually stored in the battery (even when not actively charging a product). Battery 

charging systems recharge a variety of cordless products, including power tools, small household 

appliances, and electric shavers. The baseline is a standard battery charger.40

Combination Oven. This measure uses both dry heat and steam, which are injected into the oven 

when the food being cooked needs it. High efficiency combination ovens with 60 percent 

efficiency use roughly half the energy of standard combination ovens.41

Cooking Hood Controls. Utilizing sensors and two-speed or variable speed fans, hood controls 

reduce exhaust (and makeup) airflow when appliances are not at capacity (or have been turned 

off). The baseline for this measure is no hood controls. 

Copier, ENERGY STAR®. This measure delivers the same performance as conventional 

equipment, powers down when not in use, and averages 40 percent more efficiency. The baseline 

measure is a non-ENERGY STAR® copier.42 

Deep Fat Fryer, Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE). Commercial, 15 inch CEE rated 

electric fryers have a heavy load cooking efficiency of 80 percent or better, and use less than 

1,000 watts when idle.43 The baseline is standard electric deep fat fryer. 

Fax, ENERGY STAR®. This measure enters sleep mode after inactivity, reducing total power 

consumption by 40 percent.44

Griddle, ENERGY STAR®. This measure is approximately 10 percent more efficient than 

standard models, and must have a minimum cooking efficiency of 38 percent. They must use less 

than 0.026 therm/hour/ft2 when idle. The baseline measure is a standard grill at 32 percent 

efficiency.45

High Efficiency Convection Oven, ENERGY STAR®. This measure must meet the specification 

requirements of 70 percent cooking energy efficiency and an idle energy rate of 1.6 kW. 

Standard electric convection ovens have a 65 percent cooking energy efficiency and an idle 

energy rate of 2 kW.46 

 

39 http://www.fishnick.com/publications/appliancereports/refrigeration/GE_ECM_revised.pdf 40 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=battery_chargers.pr_battery_chargers 41 http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/publications/pubdocs/restaurants_guide.pdf 42 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=IEQ 43 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=fryers.pr_fryers 44 http://www.energystar.gov/ia/products/fap/IE_Prog_Req.pdf 45 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=COG 46 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=ovens.pr_comm_ovens
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-27 

High Efficiency Ice Maker. This measure uses high efficiency compressors, fan motors, and 

thicker insulation to achieve 15 percent more efficiency than the baseline measure, which is a 

conventional automatic commercial ice maker.47 

Hot Food Holding Cabinet, ENERGY STAR®. This measure uses a maximum of 40 watts/cubic 

foot. The baseline measure is a conventional holding cabinet.48

Low Pressure Air Distribution Complex HVAC. This under-floor measure introduces air into 

occupancy zones at relatively low velocities. The decrease in pressure differentials and, therefore 

in air velocity, results in lower energy consumption by the air handlers. The baseline for this 

measure is a variable air volume or constant volume HVAC system. 

Monitor, ENERGY STAR®. This measure enters sleep mode and consumes less than 2 watts. 

The sleep mode needs to be enabled. 

Motor, Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE) Premium-Efficiency Plus. These motors (also 

known as “super” or “enhanced”) are more efficient than standard NEMA premium efficiency 

motors.49 This measure specifically relates to HVAC motors ranging from 1 HP to 200 HP. 

Motor, Pump and Fan System: Variable Speed Control. This measure allows pump and fan 

motors to operate at a lower speed while still maintaining set points during partial load 

conditions. This reduces energy consumption as motor operation can vary with load rather than 

frequently cycling on and off at constant speed. 

Motor Rewind. This measure follows the Green Motors Practices GroupTM recommendations of 

best practices to maintain original efficiency, commonly called a Green Rewind.50, 51 A failed 

motor can be rewound to a lower efficiency, rewound to maintain the original efficiency, or 

replaced. 

Motor: Variable Air Volume (VAV) Box High Efficiency Electronically Commutated Motor 

(ECM). High efficiency fan-powered boxes prevent hot and cold spots by maintaining room air 

circulation while modulating supply-air temperature to match load. This measure applies to a 

motor efficiency upgrade. An ECM powers the fan in each VAV box. An ECM is a brushless 

DC motor with electronically built-in speed and torque controls, which allows the motor speed to 

adjust for optimal airflow. The baseline assumes a standard VAV with induction motors 

including silicon controlled rectifier speed control.52 

Network PC Power Management. This software tool intelligently manages computer powers 

remotely and automatically across a network overnight, on weekends, and when not in use. This 

significantly lowers energy consumption without impacting user productivity, desktop 

maintenance, or upgrades. Workstations operating on a local area network or a wide area 

 

47 Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE); http://www.cee1.org/com/com-kit/com-kit-equip.php3 48 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=hfhc.pr_hfhc 49 CEE motor nominal efficiencies are higher than the NEMA federal minimum efficiency levels that became 

effective in December 2010. On December 19, 2010, the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act updated 

the minimum efficiency standards for motors, and the previous NEMA premium efficiency specifications 

became the federal standard. 50 http://www.bpa.gov/energy/n/industrial/Green_motors/ 51 http://www.greenmotors.org/downloads/RTFSubmittalMay_08%20_2_.pdf 52 LEED-qualified Justice Center, reported by DCJ.com and the Minnesota Power Incentive Program. 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-28 

network can implement PC power-management policies across a network to maximize energy 

savings . 

Optimized Variable Volume Lab Hood Design. This measure allows volumetric flow rate to 

vary, which causes a constant speed through the duct regardless of sash opening. The baseline 

measure is a constant volume lab hood.

Power Supply Transformer/Converter. This measure applies to the 80 PLUS performance 

specification requirements for power in computers and servers. 80 PLUS specifies 80 percent or 

greater efficiency at 20 percent, 50 percent, and 100 percent of rated load with a true power 

factor of 0.9 or greater.53 The baseline assumes an 85 percent efficient power supply (>51 watts). 

Printer, ENERGY STAR®. This measure deploys a maximum time delay to sleep depending on 

the size of the equipment, which reduces power consumption during periods of inactivity.54

Residential Refrigerator, ENERGY STAR®.This measure uses at least 20 percent less energy 

than required by current federal standards.55

Residential Refrigerator/Freezer Recycling. This refers to the environmentally-friendly disposal 

of unneeded appliances such as secondary refrigerators or stand-alone freezers. 

Residential-Size Refrigerator/Freezer: Early Replacement, ENERGY STAR®. Replacing 

equipment before the end of its useful life is advantageous because of significant inefficiencies in 

older models. 

Scanner, ENERGY STAR®. This measure enters a low power sleep mode after inactivity.56

Server Virtualization. This measure replaces multiple under-utilized servers with one server. 

Many data center servers operate at 10 percent capacity or less, allowing their functions to be 

consolidated onto one virtual server that operates in the range of 85 percent capacity. This 

measure applies to the plug load end use, although it has a savings effect on the cooling load by 

reducing power and, therefore, the heat generated by equipment. 

Smart Strip. Power strips with an occupancy sensor will turn power to all devices plugged into 

the strip on and off, such as computers, desk lights, and audio equipment, based on occupancy 

within the work area. 

Steam Cooker, ENERGY STAR®. This measure has a cooking efficiency of 50 percent, with 

idle energy rates that vary depending upon pan size.57 The baseline efficiency is a standard 

commercial steam cooker with 35 percent efficiency. 

Vending Machines, High Efficiency ENERGY STAR®. New and rebuilt refrigerated beverage 

vending machines are 50 percent more energy efficient than the standard model, through more 

 

53 www.80PLUS.org 54 http://www.energystar.gov/ia/products/fap/IE_Prog_Req.pdf 55 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=RF 56 http://www.energystar.gov.au/products/scanners.html 57 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=steamcookers.pr_steamcookers
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-29 

efficient compressors, fan motors, lighting systems, and low-power mode options during non-use 

periods.58 

Vending Miser. This measure senses occupancy and cycles the vending machine cooling off 

when no occupancy is detected. 

Water Cooler, ENERGY STAR®. This measure provides only cold water and consumes less than 

0.16 kWh per day. A unit providing hot and cold water consumes less than 1.20 kWh per day. 

ENERGY STAR®-qualified water coolers consume 45 percent less energy than standard 

models.59

 

58 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=VMCc 59 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=water_coolers.pr_water_coolers
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-30 

6. Commercial Electric Equipment Measure 

Descriptions 

HVAC 

Air or Ground Source Heat Pump (ASHP or GSHP). Electric heat pumps move heat to or from 

the air or the ground to cool and heat a home. Table B-2.24 displays the different efficiency 

levels we compared for this measure. The baseline size is the same as the measure size. 

Table B-2.24. Heat Pump SEER/HSPF Comparisons 

Measure Efficiency Baseline SEER & HSPF 

ASHP 14 SEER, 8.5 HSPF 

ASHP 16 SEER, 8.8 HSPF ASHP 13 SEER, 7.7 HSPF 

GSHP 16.2 EER, 8.8 HSPF 

Centrifugal Chiller. This measure uses the vapor compression cycle to chill water and rejects 

heat from the chilled water and from the compressor to a second water loop cooled by a cooling 

tower. The advantage of centrifugal compressors is their high flow rate capability and good 

efficiency. Table B-2.25compares different efficiencies greater than 300 tons, rated in kW/ton. 

Table B-2.25. Centrifugal Chiller kW/ton Comparison 

Measure kW / ton Baseline kW / ton 

0.55 0.576 (State Code) 

0.52 0.576 (State Code) 

0.47 0.576 (State Code) 

Direct Expansion (DX) Package. DX systems transfer heat with a refrigerant piping circuit, 

compressor, and refrigerant coils. All components are in a single package typically installed on 

the building roof. Commercial-sized units are normally rated by their Energy Efficient Ratio 

(EER). Table B-2.26 displays the different models compared in this measure. 

Table B-2.26. DX AC Unit EER / Advanced Technology Comparisons 

kBTU / hr Measure EER Baseline EER 

65 – 135 11.5 11.2 (State Code) 

65 – 135 12.0 11.2 (State Code) 

135 – 240 11.5 11.0 (State Code) 

135 – 240 12.0 11.0 (State Code) 

240 – 760 10.5 10.0 (State Code) 

240 – 760 10.8 10.0 (State Code) 

Screw Chiller. Screw compressors are positive displacement devices. The refrigerant chamber 

actively compresses to a smaller volume by the twisting motion of two interlocking, rotating 

screws. Refrigerant trapped in the space between the two rotating screws is compressed as it 

travels from the inlet to the outlet of the compressor. A slide valve adjusts the compression effect 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-31 

by varying the amount of compression that occurs before the refrigerant is discharged. Screw 

chillers are generally used for small- to medium-sized buildings. Table B-2.27compares different 

efficiencies, rated in kW/ton. 

Table B-2.27. Screw Chiller kW/ton Comparison 

Tons Measure kW / ton Baseline kW / ton 

<150 0.71 0.79 (State Code) 

<150 0.63 0.79 (State Code) 

<150 0.58 0.79 (State Code) 

150-300 0.65 0.68 (State Code) 

150-300 0.57 0.68 (State Code) 

150-300 0.50 0.68 (State Code) 

Water Heating 

Water Heater, Heat Pump. This measure moves heat from a warm reservoir (such as air) into 

the hot water system.60 Baseline and efficient measure EF values are given in Table B-2.28. 

Table B-2.28. Water Heater EF Comparisons 

Water Heater Type Measure EF Baseline EF 

Electric Storage Water Heater 0.95 0.92 

Heat Pump Water Heater 2.2 0.92 

Other 

Computer, ENERGY STAR. This measure consumes less than 2 watts in sleep and off modes, 

and is more efficient than conventional units in idle mode, resulting in 30 to 65 percent energy 

savings. 

 

60 Description source: U.S. Department of Energy; 

http://www.energysavers.gov/your_home/water_heating/index.cfm/mytopic=12840
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-32 

7. Commercial Gas Retrofit Measure Descriptions 

HVAC (and Envelope) 

Automated Ventilation Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) Control, Occupancy/CO2 sensors.

This measure is also known as demand-control ventilation (DCV), where the ventilation system 

automatically adjusts air flow when CO2 is above a specified level. CO2 controls maintain a 

minimum ventilation rate at all times to control non-occupant contaminants, such as off-gassing 

from furniture, equipment, and building components. The baseline of this measure is a 

ventilation system that runs constantly. 

Boiler Economizer. This measure recovers heat energy that would otherwise be lost out the 

boiler stack by using a heat exchanger located on the stack to preheat boiler feed water. 

Convert Constant Volume Air System to Variable Air Volume (VAV). TThis measure allows 

the airflow volume of a HVAC system to vary the heating or cooling load rather than overconditioning and short-cycling. The baseline is a constant volume system.

Direct Digital Control (DDC) System, Installation. DDC systems allow for both HVAC and 

lighting to be controlled and monitored. For lighting, the DDC system allows for direct control 

of lights from a remote location. Entire HVAC systems, including pumps, motors, fans, and set 

points, can be digitally programmed for tighter control of the system. 

Direct Digital Control (DDC) System, Optimization. DDC is also known as an energy 

management system (EMS), which allows for digital monitoring and control of HVAC and 

lighting systems. The optimization refers to upgrading a high-efficiency energy management 

system to a premium efficiency system. 

Direct Digital Control (DDS) System, Wireless Performance Monitoring. This secondgeneration building automation systems allows for wireless optimization and operation of 

building systems (such as HVAC) through computerized monitoring and control software and 

interfaces. 

Duct Fittings, Leak-Proof. The majority of duct leakage in residential HVAC systems is due to 

improperly sealed connections between ductwork and fittings. Even when duct connections are 

initially well-sealed, leakage may increase over time. 

Duct Repair and Sealing. This maintenance creates significant energy savings by ensuring 

conditioned air only goes to occupied spaces, thereby reducing an excessive runtime/load on the 

HVAC system. 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery. This measure captures heated air exhausted out 

of a building and transfers it to the incoming air, decreasing the overall heating load. 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air. This measure provides exhaust air at the hood instead of allowing 

the hood to exhaust conditioned air in the room. The baseline measure is for conditioned air to be 

expelled through exhaust hoods. 

Infiltration Reduction (Caulking, Weather Stripping, etc.). Sealing air leaks in windows, doors, 

the roof, crawlspaces, and outside walls decreases overall heating and cooling losses. This 

measure reduces the number of air changes per hour from 1.00 to 0.65. 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-33 

Insulation, Ceiling. These measures represent an increase in R-value from existing building 

conditions to current state code or from current state code to better than code. Baseline and 

measure values are presented in Table B-2.29. 

Table B-2.29. Ceiling Insulation Measures 

Measure Baseline 

R-38 (State Code) R-7 

R-38 (State Code) R-8 

R-38 (State Code) R-11 

R-49 R-38 (State Code) 

Insulation, Duct. Packaged direct expansion and heat-pump equipment are generally coupled 

with a ducting system inside the building. Insulating these ducts reduces energy loss to the 

unconditioned plenum space. This measure assumes that R-7 insulation is installed where no 

insulation previously existed. 

Insulation, Floor (Non-Slab). These measures represent an increase in R-value from existing 

building conditions to current state code or from current state code to better than code. Baseline 

and measure values are presented in Table B-2.30.

Table B-2.30. Floor Insulation Measures 

Measure Baseline 

R-30 (State Code) R-7 

R-30 (State Code) R-8 

R-30 (State Code) R-11 

R-30 (State Code) R-19 

R-38 R-30 (State Code) 

Insulation, Wall. These measures represent an increase in R-value from existing building 

conditions to the current state code value of R-13 + 7.5. The baseline value of R-3 represents the 

average existing insulation level. 

Programmable Thermostat. This measure controls set point temperature automatically, ensuring 

the HVAC system is not running during low-occupancy hours. 

Retro-Commissioning. Commissioning ensures that energy-using systems are operating in an 

optimal fashion in order to maximize energy efficiency. This commissioning process can be 

applied to existing buildings to restore them to optimal performance. Retro-commissioning is a 

systematic, documented process that identifies low-cost operational and maintenance 

improvements in existing buildings and brings them up to the design intentions.61,62 The baseline 

measure is no commissioning. 

Sensible Heat Recovery Devices. This measure preconditions incoming air by transferring 

energy between the exhaust air stream and the supply air stream. This raises the temperature of 

 

61 http://www.green.ca.gov/CommissioningGuidelines/default.htm 62 http://cbs.lbl.gov/BPA/cct.html
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-34 

incoming air during the winter and decreases it in the summer. Energy savings results from the 

reduced need for mechanical heating or cooling. 

Total Heat Recovery Devices. This measure, also called enthalpy recovery, transfers sensible 

and latent heat. Latent heat, which is released or absorbed due to a phase change (such as the 

condensation of water vapor), significantly raises the outdoor air humidity in the winter and 

reduces it in the summer.63

Steam Pipe Insulation. R-4 insulation reduces heat loss from a steam pipe. The loss size 

depends on the pipe diameter and steam temperature. 

Steam Trap Maintenance. This measure prevents the dirt created by chemical treatments or pipe 

scaling from becoming plugged. In most cases, plugging prevents the valve from closing, 

allowing live steam to escape into the condensate return line or atmosphere, wasting energy.64

Windows, High Efficiency. This measure increases building performance by reducing the Uvalue, as shown in Table B-2.31. 

Table B-2.31. High-efficiency Window Measures 

Measure U-Value Baseline U-Value 

0.40 (State Code) 0.68 

0.40 (State Code) 0.67 

0.40 (State Code) 0.65 

Water Heat 

Clothes Washer, Ozonating. This measure disinfects water with ozone-enriched air, which 

suppresses subsequent biological activity and controls biological growth within the appliance, 

thus reducing the need for hot water. The baseline measure is a standard commercial clothes 

washer.65

Demand-Controlled Circulating Systems. This measure circulates hot water only when required. 

The baseline measure is a continuously circulating hot water system, resulting in energy loss 

through pipes. 

Dishwasher, Commercial: High Temperature ENERGY STAR®. This measure has a minimal 

idle rate, consumes a minimal amount of water per rack of loaded dishes, and is on average 25 

percent more efficient than standard high temp commercial dishwashers.66 

Dishwasher, Commercial: Low Temperature ENERGY STAR®. This measure uses chemicals 

combined with low temperatures to save energy compared to standard high temperature 

commercial dishwashers.

 

63 http://www.mcquay.com/mcquaybiz/marketing_tools/mt_corporate/EngNews/0701.pdf 64 http://www.steamtraptesting.com/ 65 http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6607672-description.html 66 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=COH
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-35 

Dishwasher, Residential ENERGY STAR®. Residential sized ENERGY STAR® dishwashers 

are often appropriate for smaller commercial buildings, and are 10 percent more efficient than 

the federal minimum standard used as the baseline.67

Drain Water Heat Recovery, Water Heater. This measure recovers heat energy from drain water 

and uses it to heat water entering the hot water tank, minimizing the temperature rise required to 

achieve the water heater set point.68

Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation. One inch of extra insulation on hot water pipes yields an 

approximate R-value of R-4, decreasing temperature losses. This measure is only applicable for 

existing construction. The baseline measure is no insulation. 

Integrated Space Heating/Water Heating. These systems provide space conditioning and hot 

water heating in one appliance/energy source. Domestic hot water is heated directly and space is 

heated by a hot water heat exchanger coil piped to the forced air heating system. This 

combination space/water heating system provides high efficiency heating for the cost of one high 

efficiency appliance. 

Low-Flow Faucet Aerators. This measure mixes water and air, reducing the amount of water 

that flows through the faucet. It creates a fine water spray through an inserted screen in the faucet 

head. Flow rate requirements for this measure are presented in Table B-2.32. 

Table B-2.32. Faucet Aerator Flow Rates 

Measure Flow Rate (GPM*) Baseline Flow Rate (GPM) 

2.2 3.0 

1.5 2.2 

* Gallons per minute 

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray Valves. This measure mixes water and air, reducing the amount of 

water that flows through the spray head. The head creates a fine water spray through an inserted 

screen, achieving a flow reduction from 1.6 GPM (federal standard) to 0.6 GPM. 

Low-Flow Showerheads. Low-flow showerheads mix water and air to reduce the amount of 

water that flows through the showerhead. The showerhead creates a fine water spray through an 

inserted screen in the showerhead. Flow rate requirements for this measure are presented in 

Table B-2.33. 

Table B-2.33. Low-Flow Showerhead Flow Rates 

Measure Flow Rate (GPM) Baseline Flow Rate (GPM) 

2.5 4.5 

2.0 2.5 

Ultrasonic Faucet Control. Ultrasonic sensors automatically turn faucet water on and off when 

motion is detected at the sink. This eliminates water running continuously while the sink is in 

use. 

 

67 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=DW 68 www.toolbase.org/Techinventory/TechDetails.aspx?ContentDetailID=858&BucketID=6&CategoryID=9
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-36 

Water Cooled Refrigeration with Heat Recovery. Heat recovery gathers and uses thermal energy 

for the water heater that would normally be rejected to the ambient environment. 

Water Heater Temperature Setback. This measure reduces the set point temperature from 130°F 

to 120°F. 

Other 

Broiler. High efficiency broiler ovens have rigorous start-up, shut down, and turn down 

schedules for additional energy savings over standard units. Improved efficiency broilers have an 

efficiency of 34 percent, compared to baseline models at 15 percent. 

Convection Oven, High Efficiency ENERGY STAR®. This measure must meet the specification 

requirements of 70 percent cooking energy efficiency and an idle energy rate of 18,000 Btu/h. 

Standard electric convection ovens have a 65 percent cooking energy efficiency and an idle 

energy rate of 13,000 Btu/h.69 

Fryers, Commercial Gas Cooking ENERGY STAR®. These measures are 50 percent efficient, 

and when idle use less than 9,000 Btu/hr.70 The baseline efficiency is 35 percent for a nonENERGY STAR® commercial fryer. 

Griddle, ENERGY STAR®. This measure is approximately 10 percent more efficient than 

standard models, and must have a minimum cooking efficiency of 38 percent. They must use less 

than 0.026 therm/hour/ft2 when idle. The baseline measure is a standard grill at 32 percent 

efficiency.71

Oven, Conveyor. A high efficiency conveyor oven is 23 percent efficient, compared to a 

standard conveyor oven with 15 percent efficiency. 

Oven, Power Burner. A power burner incorporates a larger burner and is often sold on rangeoven combination units. This measure mixes a greater percentage of air to the gas to increase the 

overall combustion efficiency of the burner from 40 to 50 percent efficiency to 60 percent 

efficiency. 

Steam Cooker, ENERGY STAR®. This measure has a cooking efficiency of 50 percent, with 

idle energy rates that vary depending upon pan size.72 The baseline efficiency is a standard 

commercial steam cooker with 35 percent efficiency. 

Swimming Pool/Spa Covers. This measure reduces evaporation, which is the largest source of 

pool/spa energy loss. It takes one British thermal unit (Btu) to raise one pound of water by one 

degree. Each pound of 80o F water that evaporates takes 1,048 Btus of heat out of the pool.73 The 

baseline measure is an uncovered pool or spa. 

 

69 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=ovens.pr_comm_ovens 70 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=fryers.pr_fryers 71 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=COG 72 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=steamcookers.pr_steamcookers 73 http://www.eere.energy.gov/consumer/your_home/water_heating/index.cfm/mytopic=13140
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-37 

8. Commercial Gas Equipment Measure 

Descriptions 

HVAC 

Gas Boiler. Boilers are classified as condensing or non-condensing. Condensing boilers 

condense the flue gas and water vapor, extracting useful heat and improving the boiler 

efficiency. This measure compares several boilers with different thermal efficiencies and is 

applicable to both new and existing construction. The overall efficiency of the boiler is defined 

as the gross energy output divided by the energy input, and is affected by combustion efficiency, 

standby losses, cycling losses, and heat transfer. Table B-2.34 displays the measure and baseline 

thermal efficiencies. 

Table B-2.34. Gas Boiler Efficiency Comparison 

Measure AFUE Baseline AFUE 

90% 82% 94% 

Gas Furnace. Improvements in furnace technology, such as new ignition and heat exchange 

design, have led to increased furnace efficiency. The AFUE levels considered in this measure are 

shown in Table B-2.15. 

Table B-2.35. Gas Furnace Efficiency Comparison 

Measure AFUE Baseline AFUE 

90% 80% 95% 

Water Heat 

Water Heater. This measure has a range of thermal efficiencies as shown in Table B-2.36. High 

efficiency models have better insulation, which reduces standby losses. 

Table B-2.36. Commercial Gas Water Heater Comparison 

Measure Efficiency Baseline Efficiency 

0.82 EF 0.67 EF 0.90 EF 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-38 

9. Industrial Electric Measure Descriptions 

Air Compressor Improvements (Demand Reduction, Optimization, Equipment). These 

measures improve the overall compressed air system by improved system design, leak repair, 

usage practices, more efficient dryer and storage systems, and compressor upgrades. 

Clean Room Improvements (Change Filter Strategy, Chiller Optimize, HVAC). These 

measures aim to save energy through improved clean room equipment and practices. Savings are 

attributable to optimization of chiller operating parameters, upgrading to more efficient 

equipment, and improving filter replacement strategies. 

Efficiency Centrifugal Fan. This measure achieves energy savings through improved fan 

design. 

Electric Chip Fab Improvements (Eliminate Exhaust, Exhaust Injector, Reduce Gas Pressure, 

Solid-state Chiller). These measures are general improvements that increase efficiency in the 

electric chip fabrication process. 

Fan System Optimization. This measure involves the overall optimization of the fan system with 

improved system design, enhanced flow design, better maintenance practices, and adjustments to 

system parameters. 

Food Manufacturing (Cooling and Storage, Refrigerator Storage Tune-up). These measures 

maintain and enhance the cooling equipment for each facility type. Tune-ups may include 

refrigerant charge, equipment cleaning, general maintenance, and improved practices. 

General Process Improvements (Paper: Premium Fan, Paper: Large Material Handling, 

Paper: Material Handling, Paper: Premium Control Large Material, Efficient Pulp Screen, 

Wood: Replace Pneumatic Conveyor, Metal: New Arc Furnace). These measures include 

upgrading equipment, replacing hydraulic/pneumatic equipment with electrical equipment, and 

using optimum size and capacity equipment. 

High Efficiency Fans (Fan Equipment Upgrade). This measure involves upgrading motors to 

higher efficiency. Since NEMA Premium motors are becoming the baseline code requirement in 

2010, this measure is based off of super premium motors with efficiency levels at least one 

efficiency band above NEMA premium. 

Lighting Improvements (Efficient Lighting 1, 2, and 3 Shift; HighBay Lighting 1, 2, and 3 

Shift; Lighting Controls). Changes to overall illumination levels, use of natural lighting, or 

technology improvements to more efficient bulbs or ballasts will decrease the overall lighting 

energy consumption. These measures include upgrades from T12 to T8 systems, T8 to highperformance T8 systems, HID to fluorescent conversions, standard HID to high-efficiency HID 

systems, and occupancy and day lighting controls. 

Material Handling (Material Handling Variable Speed Drive (VFD) 1 and 2, Material 

Handling 1 and 2). This measure includes equipment upgrades (such as to VSDs) and enhanced 

system design or practices. 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-39 

Motor Rewind. This measure follows the Green Motors Practices GroupTM recommendations of 

best practices to maintain original efficiency, commonly called a Green Rewind.74, 75 A failed 

motor can be rewound to a lower efficiency, rewound to maintain the original efficiency, or 

replaced. 

Pump Equipment Upgrade. This measure achieves energy savings through improved pump 

design and sizing. 

Pump Improvements (Pump Energy Management, Pump System Optimization). This measure 

involves optimizing the overall pump system with improved system design, enhanced flow 

design, better maintenance practices, and adjustments to system parameters. 

Synchronous Belts. This measure contains mating, corresponding grooves in the drive sprocket, 

preventing slip and thus reducing energy losses. 

Transformers (New & Retrofit). Energy efficient transformers provide improved power quality 

while minimizing losses. 

Whole Plant Improvements (Fan Energy Management, Plant Energy Management, Integrated 

Plant Energy Management, Energy Project Management). These measures include synergistic 

savings of plant-wide energy management and improvements across multiple systems such as 

compressed air, pumping, and fan systems. 

 

74 http://www.bpa.gov/energy/n/industrial/Green_motors/ 75 http://www.greenmotors.org/downloads/RTFSubmittalMay_08%20_2_.pdf
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-40 

10. Industrial Gas Measure Descriptions 

Boiler Improvements. A boiler generally creates steam or hot water for process or non-process 

applications. Savings are generated by installation of a waste heat boiler to provide direct power 

or use of flue gas heat to preheat boiler feed water. 

Boiler Operation and Maintenance. This measure includes analyzing flue gas for proper air/fuel 

ration, establishing maintenance schedules, or reducing excessive boiler blow down. 

HVAC Improvements. Many measures can reduce a plants’ HVAC energy consumption, such as 

conditioning only space in use, installing timers and/or thermostats, lowering ceilings to reduce 

conditioned space, and installing or upgrading insulation on distribution systems. 

HVAC Operation and Maintenance. These measures include sizing air handling 

grills/ducts/coils to minimize air resistance, adjusting vents to minimize energy use, and 

maintaining air filters by cleaning or replacing. 

Other Process Improvements/Operation and Maintenance. These measures include upgrading 

obsolete equipment, reducing fluid flow rates, and using optimum size and capacity equipment. 

Process Heating Improvements. These measures decrease the energy required for processrelated heating. Examples include optimizing the drying oven schedule, reducing the temperature 

of process equipment when on standby, and modifying equipment to improve the drying process. 

Process Heating Operation and Maintenance. These measures improve the a plants overall 

energy efficiency. Examples include repairing faulty insulation, adjusting burners for efficient 

operation, and eliminating leaks in combustible gas lines. 

Steam Distribution Systems. These measures include leak elimination and improved duct 

insulation to reduce distribution system loss. 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-1 

Appendix B.3: Measure Details 

The following tables show electric and gas technical measure inputs for the residential, 

commercial, and industrial sectors. 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-2 

Table B.3.1. Residential Electric Measure Details 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Manufactured Computer Computer, Energy Star Energy Star Computer Standard Computer Per installation Existing 51 5 $24 100% Manufactured Computer Computer, Energy Star Energy Star Computer Standard Computer Per installation New 51 5 $24 100% Manufactured Cooking 

Oven 

Cooking Oven, High Efficiency 

High Efficiency Oven Standard Oven Per installation Existing 58 20 $282 100% 

Manufactured Cooking 

Oven 

Cooking Oven, High Efficiency 

High Efficiency Oven Standard Oven Per installation New 58 20 $282 100% 

Manufactured Cool Central Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation Existing 87 5 $576 25% 

Manufactured Cool Central Canned Lighting Air Tight 

Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 3 30 $25 95% 

Manufactured Cool Central Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no lighting 

kit) 

No Ceiling Fan Per installation Existing 34 10 $93 85% 

Manufactured Cool Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 11 25 $338 40% 

Manufactured Cool Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 180 25 $1,559 75% 

Manufactured Cool Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 361 25 $1,559 75% 

Manufactured Cool Central Central Cooling, SEER 18 SEER 18 SEER 13 Per installation Existing 161 15 $1,490 100% Manufactured Cool Central Check Me! O&M Tune-up Tune-up/Maintenance No Tune-up Maintenance Per installation Existing 78 5 $204 95% Manufactured Cool Central Cool Roofs Lighter Colored Shingles 

(White) 

Standard Roof Shingles Per installation Existing 10 20 $282 85% 

Manufactured Cool Central Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 9 20 $25 95% 

Manufactured Cool Central Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 6 20 $54 95% 

Manufactured Cool Central Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 4 6 $46 95% 

Manufactured Cool Central Duct Insulation Upgrade R-8 (code) R-4 Per installation Existing 25 20 $672 75% Manufactured Cool Central Duct Sealing Duct Sealing No Duct Sealing Per installation Existing 87 18 $383 75% Manufactured Cool Central Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 17 25 $445 25% 

Manufactured Cool Central Floor Insulation (WA) zero 

to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 344 25 $1,680 25% 

Manufactured Cool Central Infiltration Control (Caulk, 

Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 87 11 $449 75% 

Manufactured Cool Central Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation Existing 82 15 $5 95% 

Manufactured Cool Central Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 52 25 $672 25% Manufactured Cool Central Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation Existing 59 11 $1,083 50% 

Manufactured Cool Central Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) 

zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 205 25 $1,647 85% 

Manufactured Cool Central Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per installation Existing 131 20 $1,621 50% Manufactured Cool Central Window Overhang Overhangs over windows 

for shading 

No window overhangs Per installation Existing 65 25 $204 50% 

Manufactured Cool Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 1 25 $341 65% 

Manufactured Cool Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 15 25 $3,514 65% 

Manufactured Cool Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 24 25 $3,514 65% 

Manufactured Cool Central Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation New 64 5 $576 25% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-3 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Manufactured Cool Central Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no lighting 

kit) 

No Ceiling Fan Per installation New 25 10 $93 85% 

Manufactured Cool Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 12 25 $454 60% 

Manufactured Cool Central Central Cooling, SEER 18 SEER 18 SEER 13 Per installation New 148 15 $1,490 100% Manufactured Cool Central Check Me! O&M Tune-up Tune-up/Maintenance No Tune-up Maintenance Per installation New 58 5 $204 95% Manufactured Cool Central Cool Roofs Lighter Colored Shingles 

(White) 

Standard Roof Shingles Per installation New 7 20 $375 85% 

Manufactured Cool Central Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 7 20 $25 95% 

Manufactured Cool Central Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 4 20 $54 95% 

Manufactured Cool Central Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 12 25 $599 75% 

Manufactured Cool Central Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 32 40 $19,076 20% Manufactured Cool Central Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation New 60 15 $5 95% 

Manufactured Cool Central Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 38 25 $893 50% Manufactured Cool Central Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 35 25 $795 75% 

Manufactured Cool Central Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation New 43 11 $1,083 50% 

Manufactured Cool Central Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) 

above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 33 25 $973 50% 

Manufactured Cool Central Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per installation New 96 20 $1,621 50% Manufactured Cool Central Window Overhang Overhangs over windows 

for shading 

No window overhangs Per installation New 48 25 $204 75% 

Manufactured Cool Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 2 25 $458 95% 

Manufactured Cool Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 1 25 $395 95% 

Manufactured Cool Room Canned Lighting Air Tight 

Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 1 30 $25 95% 

Manufactured Cool Room Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no lighting 

kit) 

No Ceiling Fan Per installation Existing 18 10 $93 85% 

Manufactured Cool Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 6 25 $338 40% 

Manufactured Cool Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 98 25 $1,559 75% 

Manufactured Cool Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 196 25 $1,559 75% 

Manufactured Cool Room Cool Roofs Lighter Colored Shingles 

(White) 

Standard Roof Shingles Per installation Existing 5 20 $282 85% 

Manufactured Cool Room Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 5 20 $25 95% 

Manufactured Cool Room Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 3 20 $54 95% 

Manufactured Cool Room Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 2 6 $46 95% 

Manufactured Cool Room Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 9 25 $445 25% 

Manufactured Cool Room Floor Insulation (WA) zero 

to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 184 25 $1,680 25% 

Manufactured Cool Room Infiltration Control (Caulk, 

Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 46 11 $449 75% 

Manufactured Cool Room Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 27 25 $672 25% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-4 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Manufactured Cool Room Room AC conversion to 

Ductless Heat Pump 

SEER 13 EER 9.8 Per installation Existing 56 20 $5,621 75% 

Manufactured Cool Room Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) 

zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 111 25 $1,647 85% 

Manufactured Cool Room Window Overhang Overhangs over windows 

for shading 

No window overhangs Per installation Existing 34 25 $204 50% 

Manufactured Cool Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 0.81 25 $341 65% 

Manufactured Cool Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 8 25 $3,514 65% 

Manufactured Cool Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 13 25 $3,514 65% 

Manufactured Cool Room Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no lighting 

kit) 

No Ceiling Fan Per installation New 14 10 $93 85% 

Manufactured Cool Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 7 25 $454 60% 

Manufactured Cool Room Cool Roofs Lighter Colored Shingles 

(White) 

Standard Roof Shingles Per installation New 4 20 $375 85% 

Manufactured Cool Room Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 4 20 $25 95% 

Manufactured Cool Room Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 2 20 $54 95% 

Manufactured Cool Room Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 7 25 $599 75% 

Manufactured Cool Room Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 18 40 $19,076 20% Manufactured Cool Room Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 22 25 $893 50% Manufactured Cool Room Room AC conversion to 

Ductless Heat Pump 

SEER 13 EER 9.8 Per installation New 46 20 $5,621 75% 

Manufactured Cool Room Room AC, EER 10.8 EER 10.8 EER 9.8 Per installation New 18 9 $7 100% Manufactured Cool Room Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 20 25 $795 75% 

Manufactured Cool Room Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) 

above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 19 25 $973 50% 

Manufactured Cool Room Window Overhang Overhangs over windows 

for shading 

No window overhangs Per installation New 27 25 $204 75% 

Manufactured Cool Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 1 25 $458 95% 

Manufactured Cool Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 0.89 25 $395 95% 

Manufactured Dryer Dryer, Advanced 

Efficiency EF 3.30 

Advanced Efficiency Dryer 3.30 

Standard Dryer EF 3.01 Per installation Existing 50 14 $224 100% 

Manufactured Dryer Dryer, Advanced 

Efficiency EF 3.30 

Advanced Efficiency Dryer 3.30 

Standard Dryer EF 3.01 Per installation New 50 14 $224 100% 

Manufactured Freezer Freezer, Energy Star Energy Star Freezer Standard Freezer Per installation Existing 46 20 $22 76% Manufactured Freezer Stand-Alone Freezer - 

Removal 

Proper Disposal of Freezer 

Existing Non-Efficient Freezer 

Per installation Existing 535 8 $99 24% 

Manufactured Freezer Freezer, Energy Star Energy Star Freezer Standard Freezer Per installation New 46 20 $22 76% Manufactured Heat Central Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation Existing 663 5 $576 25% 

Manufactured Heat Central Canned Lighting Air Tight 

Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 36 30 $25 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 124 25 $338 40% 

Manufactured Heat Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 1,884 25 $1,559 75% 

Manufactured Heat Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 3,774 25 $1,559 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-5 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Manufactured Heat Central Conversion Electric 

Furnace to ASHP 

Air Source Heat Pump Seer 13 HSPF 7.7 

Electric Furnace HSPF 1 Per installation Existing 3,582 20 $2,883 100% 

Manufactured Heat Central Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 99 20 $25 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 66 20 $54 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 43 6 $46 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central Duct Insulation Upgrade R-8 (code) R-4 Per installation Existing 265 20 $672 75% Manufactured Heat Central Duct Sealing Duct Sealing No Duct Sealing Per installation Existing 663 18 $383 75% Manufactured Heat Central Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 182 25 $445 25% 

Manufactured Heat Central Floor Insulation (WA) zero 

to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 3,596 25 $1,680 25% 

Manufactured Heat Central Infiltration Control (Caulk, 

Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 663 11 $449 75% 

Manufactured Heat Central Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation Existing 132 15 $5 15% 

Manufactured Heat Central Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 132 25 $672 25% Manufactured Heat Central Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation Existing 451 11 $1,083 50% 

Manufactured Heat Central Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) 

zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 2,145 25 $1,647 85% 

Manufactured Heat Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 15 25 $341 65% 

Manufactured Heat Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 165 25 $3,514 65% 

Manufactured Heat Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 259 25 $3,514 65% 

Manufactured Heat Central Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation New 468 5 $576 25% 

Manufactured Heat Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 122 25 $454 60% 

Manufactured Heat Central Conversion Electric 

Furnace to ASHP 

Air Source Heat Pump Seer 13 HSPF 7.7 

Electric Furnace HSPF 1 Per installation New 2,531 20 $2,758 100% 

Manufactured Heat Central Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 70 20 $25 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 46 20 $54 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 129 25 $599 75% 

Manufactured Heat Central Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 328 40 $19,076 20% Manufactured Heat Central Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation New 93 15 $5 15% 

Manufactured Heat Central Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 93 25 $893 50% Manufactured Heat Central Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 14 25 $795 75% 

Manufactured Heat Central Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation New 318 11 $1,083 50% 

Manufactured Heat Central Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) 

above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 334 25 $973 50% 

Manufactured Heat Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 22 25 $458 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 15 25 $395 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-6 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Manufactured Heat Pump Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation Existing 556 5 $576 25% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Canned Lighting Air Tight 

Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 29 30 $25 95% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no lighting 

kit) 

No Ceiling Fan Per installation Existing 26 10 $93 85% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 41 25 $338 40% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 661 25 $1,559 75% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 1,325 25 $1,559 75% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Check Me! O&M Tune-up Tune-up/Maintenance No Tune-up Maintenance Per installation Existing 59 5 $204 95% Manufactured Heat Pump Cool Roofs Lighter Colored Shingles 

(White) 

Standard Roof Shingles Per installation Existing 7 20 $282 85% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 80 20 $25 95% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 53 20 $54 95% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 36 6 $46 95% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Duct Insulation Upgrade R-8 (code) R-4 Per installation Existing 215 20 $672 75% Manufactured Heat Pump Duct Sealing Duct Sealing No Duct Sealing Per installation Existing 556 18 $383 75% Manufactured Heat Pump Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 153 25 $445 25% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Floor Insulation (WA) zero 

to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 3,014 25 $1,680 25% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Heat Pump Premium 

Efficiency, SEER 16, HSPF 8.8 

ASHP SEER 16, HSPF 8.8 

ASHP SEER 13, HSPF 7.7 

Per installation Existing 394 20 $1,233 100% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Infiltration Control (Caulk, 

Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 556 11 $449 75% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation Existing 524 15 $5 95% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 144 25 $672 25% Manufactured Heat Pump Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation Existing 378 11 $1,083 50% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) 

zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 749 25 $1,647 85% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per installation Existing 99 20 $1,621 50% Manufactured Heat Pump Window Overhang Overhangs over windows 

for shading 

No window overhangs Per installation Existing 49 25 $204 50% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 5 25 $341 65% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 57 25 $3,514 65% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 89 25 $3,514 65% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation New 347 5 $576 25% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no lighting 

kit) 

No Ceiling Fan Per installation New 16 10 $93 85% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 34 25 $454 60% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Check Me! O&M Tune-up Tune-up/Maintenance No Tune-up Maintenance Per installation New 37 5 $204 95% Manufactured Heat Pump Cool Roofs Lighter Colored Shingles 

(White) 

Standard Roof Shingles Per installation New 4 20 $375 85% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-7 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Manufactured Heat Pump Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 50 20 $25 95% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 33 20 $54 95% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 96 25 $599 75% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 235 40 $19,076 20% Manufactured Heat Pump Heat Pump Premium 

Efficiency, SEER 16, HSPF 8.8 

ASHP SEER 16, HSPF 8.8 

ASHP SEER 13, HSPF 7.7 

Per installation New 258 20 $1,233 100% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation New 327 15 $5 95% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 90 25 $893 50% Manufactured Heat Pump Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 25 25 $795 75% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation New 236 11 $1,083 50% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) 

above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 94 25 $973 50% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per installation New 61 20 $1,621 50% Manufactured Heat Pump Window Overhang Overhangs over windows 

for shading 

No window overhangs Per installation New 30 25 $204 75% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 6 25 $458 95% 

Manufactured Heat Pump Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 4 25 $395 95% 

Manufactured Heat Room Canned Lighting Air Tight 

Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 28 30 $25 95% 

Manufactured Heat Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 98 25 $338 40% 

Manufactured Heat Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 1,484 25 $1,559 75% 

Manufactured Heat Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 2,974 25 $1,559 75% 

Manufactured Heat Room Conversion Baseboard 

Heating to DHP 

Ductless Heat Pump HSPF 7.7 

HSPF = 1 Per installation Existing 2,580 20 $7,444 50% 

Manufactured Heat Room Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 76 20 $25 95% 

Manufactured Heat Room Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 51 20 $54 95% 

Manufactured Heat Room Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 33 6 $46 95% 

Manufactured Heat Room Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 142 25 $445 25% 

Manufactured Heat Room Floor Insulation (WA) zero 

to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 2,793 25 $1,680 25% 

Manufactured Heat Room Infiltration Control (Caulk, 

Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 510 11 $449 75% 

Manufactured Heat Room Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 102 25 $672 25% Manufactured Heat Room Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) 

zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 1,687 25 $1,647 85% 

Manufactured Heat Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 12 25 $341 65% 

Manufactured Heat Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 131 25 $3,514 65% 

Manufactured Heat Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 205 25 $3,514 65% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-8 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Manufactured Heat Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 96 25 $454 60% 

Manufactured Heat Room Conversion Baseboard 

Heating to DHP 

Ductless Heat Pump HSPF 7.7 

HSPF = 1 Per installation New 1,823 20 $7,444 50% 

Manufactured Heat Room Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 54 20 $25 95% 

Manufactured Heat Room Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 36 20 $54 95% 

Manufactured Heat Room Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 100 25 $599 75% 

Manufactured Heat Room Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 252 40 $19,076 20% Manufactured Heat Room Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 72 25 $893 50% Manufactured Heat Room Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 11 25 $795 75% 

Manufactured Heat Room Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) 

above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 263 25 $973 50% 

Manufactured Heat Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 18 25 $458 95% 

Manufactured Heat Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 12 25 $395 95% 

Manufactured Lighting 

Exterior 

CFL, Flood (17 W) CFL, Flood Standard Incandescent 

Flood 

Per installation Existing 56 5 $0.91 100% 

Manufactured Lighting 

Exterior 

Time Clocks (Exterior Lighting) 

Exterior Lighting on a Time Clock 

Exterior Lighting (Manual Control) 

Per installation Existing 8 10 $16 80% 

Manufactured Lighting 

Exterior 

CFL, Flood (17 W) CFL, Flood Standard Incandescent 

Flood 

Per installation New 56 5 $0.91 100% 

Manufactured Lighting 

Exterior 

Time Clocks (Exterior Lighting) 

Exterior Lighting on a Time Clock 

Exterior Lighting (Manual Control) 

Per installation New 11 10 $16 80% 

Manufactured Lighting 

Interior Specialty 

CFL (13 W, 20 W, 25 W) CFL (3-Way) Standard Incandescent 

(3-Way) 

Per installation Existing 49 5 $3 100% 

Manufactured Lighting 

Interior Specialty 

CFL (13 W, 20 W, 25 W) CFL (3-Way) Standard Incandescent 

(3-Way) 

Per installation New 49 5 $3 100% 

Manufactured Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Daylighting Controls (Photocell) - Indoor/Outdoors 

Install Photocell No Daylighting Controls Per installation Existing 7 20 $147 40% 

Manufactured Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Lighting CFL 15 W 15 W CFL Standard 60 W 

Incandescent 

Per installation Existing 47 5 $2 100% 

Manufactured Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Lighting LED 7 W 7 W LED Standard 60 W 

Incandescent 

Per installation Existing 56 20 $36 50% 

Manufactured Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Occupancy Sensors Wall-Switch Occupancy 

Sensors 

No Occupancy Sensor Per installation Existing 4 10 $32 85% 

Manufactured Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Daylighting Controls (Photocell) - Indoor/Outdoors 

Install Photocell No Daylighting Controls Per installation New 9 20 $147 40% 

Manufactured Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Lighting CFL 15 W 15 W CFL Standard 60 W 

Incandescent 

Per installation New 47 5 $2 100% 

Manufactured Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Lighting LED 7 W 7 W LED Standard 60 W 

Incandescent 

Per installation New 56 20 $36 50% 

Manufactured Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Occupancy Sensors Wall-Switch Occupancy 

Sensors 

No Occupancy Sensor Per installation New 5 10 $32 85% 

Manufactured Microwave Microwave, High 

Efficiency 

High Efficiency Microwave Standard Microwave Per installation Existing 9 15 $79 100% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-9 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Manufactured Microwave Microwave, High 

Efficiency 

High Efficiency Microwave Standard Microwave Per installation New 9 15 $79 100% 

Manufactured Monitor Monitor, Energy Star Energy Star Monitor Standard Monitor Per installation Existing 36 5 $3 100% Manufactured Monitor Monitor, Energy Star Energy Star Monitor Standard Monitor Per installation New 36 5 $3 100% Manufactured Plug Load 

Other 

1-Watt Standby Power 1W or less standby power 

use for small appliances 

Standard plug load appliance. 

Per installation Existing 17 7 $30 50% 

Manufactured Plug Load 

Other 

Energy Star Battery Chargers 

Energy Star Battery Chargers 

Standard Battery Chargers 

Per installation Existing 1 7 $2 50% 

Manufactured Plug Load 

Other 

Office Copier Office Copier Standard Copier Per installation Existing 39 6 $5 10% 

Manufactured Plug Load 

Other 

Office Printer Office Printer Standard Copier Per installation Existing 5 5 $5 20% 

Manufactured Plug Load 

Other 

Smart Strip Smart Strip Standard PowerStrip Per installation Existing 102 5 $22 50% 

Manufactured Plug Load 

Other 

1-Watt Standby Power 1W or less standby power 

use for small appliances 

Standard plug load appliance. 

Per installation New 17 7 $30 50% 

Manufactured Plug Load 

Other 

Energy Star Battery Chargers 

Energy Star Battery Chargers 

Standard Battery Chargers 

Per installation New 1 7 $2 50% 

Manufactured Plug Load 

Other 

Office Copier Office Copier Standard Copier Per installation New 39 6 $5 10% 

Manufactured Plug Load 

Other 

Office Printer Office Printer Standard Copier Per installation New 5 5 $5 20% 

Manufactured Plug Load 

Other 

Smart Strip Smart Strip Standard PowerStrip Per installation New 102 5 $22 50% 

Manufactured Refrigerator Refrigerator, Energy Star Energy Star Refrigerator Standard Refrigerator Per installation Existing 122 20 $15 92% Manufactured Refrigerator Refrigerator/Freezer - 

Removal of Secondary 

Proper Disposal of Refrigerator/Freezer 

Existing Non-Efficient Refrigerator/Freezer 

Per installation Existing 474 9 $102 8% 

Manufactured Refrigerator Refrigerator, Energy Star Energy Star Refrigerator Standard Refrigerator Per installation New 122 20 $15 100% Manufactured Set Top Box Set Top Box, Energy Star Energy Star Set Top Box Standard Set Top Box Per installation Existing 164 5 $12 100% Manufactured Set Top Box Set Top Box, Energy Star Energy Star Set Top Box Standard Set Top Box Per installation New 164 5 $12 100% Manufactured Tv TV CRT, Energy Star Energy Star CRT TV Standard CRT TV Per installation Existing 112 10 $19 100% Manufactured Tv TV CRT, Energy Star Energy Star CRT TV Standard CRT TV Per installation New 112 10 $19 100% Manufactured Tv 

Bigscreen 

TV LCD, Energy Star Energy Star LCD TV Standard LCD TV Per installation Existing 223 10 $19 100% 

Manufactured Tv 

Bigscreen 

TV LCD, Energy Star Energy Star LCD TV Standard LCD TV Per installation New 223 10 $19 100% 

Manufactured Ventilation 

And Circulation 

Motor, ECM ECM Motor Standard Motor Per installation Existing 167 20 $172 50% 

Manufactured Ventilation 

And Circulation 

Motor, ECM - VFD ECM/VFD Motor Standard Motor Per installation Existing 502 20 $194 50% 

Manufactured Ventilation 

And Circulation 

Motor, ECM ECM Motor Standard Motor Per installation New 102 20 $172 50% 

Manufactured Ventilation 

And Circulation 

Motor, ECM - VFD ECM/VFD Motor Standard Motor Per installation New 307 20 $194 50% 

Manufactured Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 1 (MEF 

2.0 - 2.19) - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation Existing 111 14 $227 100% 

Manufactured Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 2 (MEF 

2.2 - 2.45) - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation Existing 148 14 $296 100% 

Manufactured Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 3 (MEF 

2.46 or higher) Top 10% of Energy Star Model - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation Existing 169 14 $317 100% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-10 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Manufactured Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation Existing 32 12 $42 71% 

Manufactured Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation Existing 32 12 $42 71% 

Manufactured Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation Existing 370 40 $540 29% 

Manufactured Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation Existing 370 40 $540 29% 

Manufactured Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation Existing 39 5 $23 95% Manufactured Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation Existing 39 5 $23 95% Manufactured Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation Existing 111 10 $16 95% Manufactured Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation Existing 111 10 $16 95% Manufactured Water Heat Water Heater, Heat Pump 

EF 2.2 

Heat Pump Water Heater EF = 2.2 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.92 

Per installation Existing 1,878 15 $1,365 59% 

Manufactured Water Heat Water Heater, Storage EF 

0.95 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.95 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.92 

Per installation Existing 105 15 $47 100% 

Manufactured Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation Existing 198 5 $8 95% 

Manufactured Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation Existing 198 5 $8 95% 

Manufactured Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 1 (MEF 

2.0 - 2.19) - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation New 112 14 $227 100% 

Manufactured Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 2 (MEF 

2.2 - 2.45) - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation New 149 14 $296 100% 

Manufactured Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 3 (MEF 

2.46 or higher) Top 10% of Energy Star Model - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation New 170 14 $317 100% 

Manufactured Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation New 32 12 $42 71% 

Manufactured Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation New 32 12 $42 71% 

Manufactured Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation New 373 40 $459 59% 

Manufactured Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation New 373 40 $459 59% 

Manufactured Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation New 39 5 $23 95% Manufactured Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation New 39 5 $23 95% Manufactured Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation New 111 10 $9 95% Manufactured Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation New 111 10 $9 95% Manufactured Water Heat Water Heater, Heat Pump 

EF 2.2 

Heat Pump Water Heater EF = 2.2 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.92 

Per installation New 1,622 15 $1,365 59% 

Manufactured Water Heat Water Heater, Storage EF 

0.95 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.95 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.92 

Per installation New 91 15 $47 100% 

Manufactured Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation New 167 5 $8 95% 

Manufactured Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation New 167 5 $8 95% 

Multi Family Computer Computer, Energy Star Energy Star Computer Standard Computer Per installation Existing 51 5 $24 100% Multi Family Computer Computer, Energy Star Energy Star Computer Standard Computer Per installation New 51 5 $24 100% Multi Family Cooking 

Oven 

Cooking Oven, High Efficiency 

High Efficiency Oven Standard Oven Per installation Existing 58 20 $282 100% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-11 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Multi Family Cooking 

Oven 

Cooking Oven, High Efficiency 

High Efficiency Oven Standard Oven Per installation New 58 20 $282 100% 

Multi Family Cool Central Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation Existing 71 5 $576 25% 

Multi Family Cool Central Canned Lighting Air Tight 

Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 7 30 $25 95% 

Multi Family Cool Central Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no lighting 

kit) 

No Ceiling Fan Per installation Existing 28 10 $93 85% 

Multi Family Cool Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 9 30 $119 75% 

Multi Family Cool Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 146 30 $549 75% 

Multi Family Cool Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 294 30 $549 95% 

Multi Family Cool Central Central Cooling, SEER 18 SEER 18 SEER 13 Per installation Existing 139 15 $1,177 100% Multi Family Cool Central Check Me! O&M Tune-up Tune-up/Maintenance No Tune-up Maintenance Per installation Existing 64 5 $204 95% Multi Family Cool Central Cool Roofs Lighter Colored Shingles 

(White) 

Standard Roof Shingles Per installation Existing 8 20 $104 85% 

Multi Family Cool Central Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 15 20 $25 95% 

Multi Family Cool Central Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 10 20 $54 95% 

Multi Family Cool Central Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 6 6 $46 95% 

Multi Family Cool Central Duct Insulation Upgrade R-8 (code) R-4 Per installation Existing 20 20 $672 75% Multi Family Cool Central Duct Sealing Duct Sealing No Duct Sealing Per installation Existing 71 18 $383 75% Multi Family Cool Central Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 14 30 $157 25% 

Multi Family Cool Central Floor Insulation (WA) zero 

to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 280 30 $592 25% 

Multi Family Cool Central Infiltration Control (Caulk, 

Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 71 11 $358 75% 

Multi Family Cool Central Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation Existing 67 15 $5 95% 

Multi Family Cool Central Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 42 30 $249 50% Multi Family Cool Central Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation Existing 48 11 $1,083 50% 

Multi Family Cool Central Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) 

zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 167 30 $978 85% 

Multi Family Cool Central Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per installation Existing 106 20 $1,621 50% Multi Family Cool Central Window Overhang Overhangs over windows 

for shading 

No window overhangs Per installation Existing 99 30 $204 50% 

Multi Family Cool Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 1 30 $202 51% 

Multi Family Cool Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 12 30 $2,086 51% 

Multi Family Cool Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 20 30 $2,086 51% 

Multi Family Cool Central Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation New 55 5 $576 25% 

Multi Family Cool Central Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no lighting 

kit) 

No Ceiling Fan Per installation New 22 10 $93 85% 

Multi Family Cool Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 10 30 $166 90% 

Multi Family Cool Central Central Cooling, SEER 18 SEER 18 SEER 13 Per installation New 123 15 $1,281 100% Multi Family Cool Central Check Me! O&M Tune-up Tune-up/Maintenance No Tune-up Maintenance Per installation New 50 5 $204 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-12 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Multi Family Cool Central Construction - ICF Concrete Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 177 45 $3,569 50% Multi Family Cool Central Construction - SIP Specialty Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 66 45 $1,387 50% Multi Family Cool Central Cool Roofs Lighter Colored Shingles 

(White) 

Standard Roof Shingles Per installation New 6 20 $143 85% 

Multi Family Cool Central Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 12 20 $25 95% 

Multi Family Cool Central Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 8 20 $54 95% 

Multi Family Cool Central Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 11 30 $219 75% 

Multi Family Cool Central Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 28 40 $7,290 50% Multi Family Cool Central Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation New 52 15 $5 95% 

Multi Family Cool Central Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 33 30 $341 75% Multi Family Cool Central Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 30 45 $795 40% 

Multi Family Cool Central Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation New 37 11 $1,083 50% 

Multi Family Cool Central Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) 

above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 28 30 $588 50% 

Multi Family Cool Central Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per installation New 83 20 $1,621 50% Multi Family Cool Central Window Overhang Overhangs over windows 

for shading 

No window overhangs Per installation New 77 30 $204 75% 

Multi Family Cool Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 1 30 $277 95% 

Multi Family Cool Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 1 30 $239 95% 

Multi Family Dryer Dryer, Advanced 

Efficiency EF 3.30 

Advanced Efficiency Dryer 3.30 

Standard Dryer EF 3.01 Per installation Existing 50 14 $224 100% 

Multi Family Dryer Dryer, Advanced 

Efficiency EF 3.30 

Advanced Efficiency Dryer 3.30 

Standard Dryer EF 3.01 Per installation New 50 14 $224 100% 

Multi Family Freezer Freezer, Energy Star Energy Star Freezer Standard Freezer Per installation Existing 46 20 $22 76% Multi Family Freezer Stand-Alone Freezer - 

Removal 

Proper Disposal of Freezer 

Existing Non-Efficient Freezer 

Per installation Existing 535 8 $99 24% 

Multi Family Freezer Freezer, Energy Star Energy Star Freezer Standard Freezer Per installation New 46 20 $22 76% Multi Family Heat Central Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation Existing 535 5 $576 25% 

Multi Family Heat Central Canned Lighting Air Tight 

Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 73 30 $25 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 100 30 $119 75% 

Multi Family Heat Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 1,520 30 $549 75% 

Multi Family Heat Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 3,045 30 $549 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 160 20 $25 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 107 20 $54 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 69 6 $46 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central Duct Insulation Upgrade R-8 (code) R-4 Per installation Existing 214 20 $672 75% Multi Family Heat Central Duct Sealing Duct Sealing No Duct Sealing Per installation Existing 535 18 $383 75% Multi Family Heat Central Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 147 30 $157 25% 

Multi Family Heat Central Floor Insulation (WA) zero 

to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 2,901 30 $592 25% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-13 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Multi Family Heat Central Infiltration Control (Caulk, 

Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 535 11 $358 75% 

Multi Family Heat Central Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation Existing 107 15 $5 15% 

Multi Family Heat Central Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 107 30 $249 50% Multi Family Heat Central Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation Existing 364 11 $1,083 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) 

zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 1,731 30 $978 85% 

Multi Family Heat Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 12 30 $202 51% 

Multi Family Heat Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 133 30 $2,086 51% 

Multi Family Heat Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 209 30 $2,086 51% 

Multi Family Heat Central Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation New 336 5 $576 25% 

Multi Family Heat Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 87 30 $166 90% 

Multi Family Heat Central Construction - ICF Concrete Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 1,478 45 $3,569 50% Multi Family Heat Central Construction - SIP Specialty Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 403 45 $1,387 50% Multi Family Heat Central Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 100 20 $25 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 67 20 $54 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 92 30 $219 75% 

Multi Family Heat Central Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 235 40 $7,290 50% Multi Family Heat Central Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation New 67 15 $5 15% 

Multi Family Heat Central Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 67 30 $341 75% Multi Family Heat Central Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 10 45 $795 40% 

Multi Family Heat Central Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation New 228 11 $1,083 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) 

above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 239 30 $588 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 16 30 $277 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 10 30 $239 95% 

Multi Family Heat Room Canned Lighting Air Tight 

Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 56 30 $25 95% 

Multi Family Heat Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 79 30 $119 75% 

Multi Family Heat Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 1,198 30 $549 75% 

Multi Family Heat Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 2,400 30 $549 95% 

Multi Family Heat Room Conversion Baseboard 

Heating to DHP 

Ductless Heat Pump HSPF 7.7 

HSPF = 1 Per installation Existing 2,082 20 $7,444 89% 

Multi Family Heat Room Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 123 20 $25 95% 

Multi Family Heat Room Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 82 20 $54 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-14 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Multi Family Heat Room Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 53 6 $46 95% 

Multi Family Heat Room Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 67 30 $157 25% 

Multi Family Heat Room Floor Insulation (WA) zero 

to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 2,254 30 $592 25% 

Multi Family Heat Room Infiltration Control (Caulk, 

Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 412 11 $358 75% 

Multi Family Heat Room Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 82 30 $249 50% Multi Family Heat Room Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) 

zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 1,362 30 $978 85% 

Multi Family Heat Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 9 30 $202 51% 

Multi Family Heat Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 106 30 $2,086 51% 

Multi Family Heat Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 166 30 $2,086 51% 

Multi Family Heat Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 69 30 $166 90% 

Multi Family Heat Room Construction - ICF Concrete Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 1,138 45 $3,569 50% Multi Family Heat Room Construction - SIP Specialty Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 310 45 $1,387 50% Multi Family Heat Room Conversion Baseboard 

Heating to DHP 

Ductless Heat Pump HSPF 7.7 

HSPF = 1 Per installation New 1,306 20 $7,444 89% 

Multi Family Heat Room Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 77 20 $25 95% 

Multi Family Heat Room Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 51 20 $54 95% 

Multi Family Heat Room Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 42 30 $219 75% 

Multi Family Heat Room Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 181 40 $7,290 50% Multi Family Heat Room Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 51 30 $341 75% Multi Family Heat Room Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 8 45 $795 40% 

Multi Family Heat Room Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) 

above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 188 30 $588 50% 

Multi Family Heat Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 12 30 $277 95% 

Multi Family Heat Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 8 30 $239 95% 

Multi Family Lighting 

Exterior 

CFL, Flood (17 W) CFL, Flood Standard Incandescent 

Flood 

Per installation Existing 56 5 $0.91 100% 

Multi Family Lighting 

Exterior 

Time Clocks (Exterior Lighting) 

Exterior Lighting on a Time Clock 

Exterior Lighting (Manual Control) 

Per installation Existing 16 10 $16 80% 

Multi Family Lighting 

Exterior 

CFL, Flood (17 W) CFL, Flood Standard Incandescent 

Flood 

Per installation New 56 5 $0.91 100% 

Multi Family Lighting 

Exterior 

Time Clocks (Exterior Lighting) 

Exterior Lighting on a Time Clock 

Exterior Lighting (Manual Control) 

Per installation New 22 10 $16 80% 

Multi Family Lighting 

Interior Specialty 

CFL (13 W, 20 W, 25 W) CFL (3-Way) Standard Incandescent 

(3-Way) 

Per installation Existing 49 5 $3 100% 

Multi Family Lighting 

Interior Specialty 

CFL (13 W, 20 W, 25 W) CFL (3-Way) Standard Incandescent 

(3-Way) 

Per installation New 49 5 $3 100% 

Multi Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Daylighting Controls (Photocell) - Indoor/Outdoors 

Install Photocell No Daylighting Controls Per installation Existing 20 20 $147 25% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-15 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Multi Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Lighting CFL 15 W 15 W CFL Standard 60 W 

Incandescent 

Per installation Existing 47 5 $2 100% 

Multi Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Lighting LED 7 W 7 W LED Standard 60 W 

Incandescent 

Per installation Existing 56 20 $36 50% 

Multi Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Occupancy Sensors Wall-Switch Occupancy 

Sensors 

No Occupancy Sensor Per installation Existing 5 10 $32 85% 

Multi Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Daylighting Controls (Photocell) - Indoor/Outdoors 

Install Photocell No Daylighting Controls Per installation New 28 20 $147 25% 

Multi Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Lighting CFL 15 W 15 W CFL Standard 60 W 

Incandescent 

Per installation New 47 5 $2 100% 

Multi Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Lighting LED 7 W 7 W LED Standard 60 W 

Incandescent 

Per installation New 56 20 $36 50% 

Multi Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Occupancy Sensors Wall-Switch Occupancy 

Sensors 

No Occupancy Sensor Per installation New 7 10 $32 85% 

Multi Family Microwave Microwave, High 

Efficiency 

High Efficiency Microwave Standard Microwave Per installation Existing 9 15 $79 100% 

Multi Family Microwave Microwave, High 

Efficiency 

High Efficiency Microwave Standard Microwave Per installation New 9 15 $79 100% 

Multi Family Monitor Monitor, Energy Star Energy Star Monitor Standard Monitor Per installation Existing 36 5 $3 100% Multi Family Monitor Monitor, Energy Star Energy Star Monitor Standard Monitor Per installation New 36 5 $3 100% Multi Family Plug Load 

Other 

1-Watt Standby Power 1W or less standby power 

use for small appliances 

Standard plug load appliance. 

Per installation Existing 17 7 $30 50% 

Multi Family Plug Load 

Other 

Energy Star Battery Chargers 

Energy Star Battery Chargers 

Standard Battery Chargers 

Per installation Existing 0.55 7 $2 50% 

Multi Family Plug Load 

Other 

Office Copier Office Copier Standard Copier Per installation Existing 39 6 $5 10% 

Multi Family Plug Load 

Other 

Office Printer Office Printer Standard Copier Per installation Existing 5 5 $5 20% 

Multi Family Plug Load 

Other 

Smart Strip Smart Strip Standard PowerStrip Per installation Existing 102 5 $22 50% 

Multi Family Plug Load 

Other 

1-Watt Standby Power 1W or less standby power 

use for small appliances 

Standard plug load appliance. 

Per installation New 17 7 $30 50% 

Multi Family Plug Load 

Other 

Energy Star Battery Chargers 

Energy Star Battery Chargers 

Standard Battery Chargers 

Per installation New 0.55 7 $2 50% 

Multi Family Plug Load 

Other 

Office Copier Office Copier Standard Copier Per installation New 39 6 $5 10% 

Multi Family Plug Load 

Other 

Office Printer Office Printer Standard Copier Per installation New 5 5 $5 20% 

Multi Family Plug Load 

Other 

Smart Strip Smart Strip Standard PowerStrip Per installation New 102 5 $22 50% 

Multi Family Refrigerator Refrigerator, Energy Star Energy Star Refrigerator Standard Refrigerator Per installation Existing 122 20 $15 97% Multi Family Refrigerator Refrigerator/Freezer - 

Removal of Secondary 

Proper Disposal of Refrigerator/Freezer 

Existing Non-Efficient Refrigerator/Freezer 

Per installation Existing 473 9 $102 3% 

Multi Family Refrigerator Refrigerator, Energy Star Energy Star Refrigerator Standard Refrigerator Per installation New 122 20 $15 100% Multi Family Set Top Box Set Top Box, Energy Star Energy Star Set Top Box Standard Set Top Box Per installation Existing 164 5 $12 100% Multi Family Set Top Box Set Top Box, Energy Star Energy Star Set Top Box Standard Set Top Box Per installation New 164 5 $12 100% Multi Family Tv TV CRT, Energy Star Energy Star CRT TV Standard CRT TV Per installation Existing 112 10 $19 100% Multi Family Tv TV CRT, Energy Star Energy Star CRT TV Standard CRT TV Per installation New 112 10 $19 100% Multi Family Tv 

Bigscreen 

TV LCD, Energy Star Energy Star LCD TV Standard LCD TV Per installation Existing 223 10 $19 100% 

Multi Family Tv 

Bigscreen 

TV LCD, Energy Star Energy Star LCD TV Standard LCD TV Per installation New 223 10 $19 100% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-16 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Multi Family Ventilation 

And Circulation 

Motor, ECM ECM Motor Standard Motor Per installation Existing 110 20 $172 50% 

Multi Family Ventilation 

And Circulation 

Motor, ECM - VFD ECM/VFD Motor Standard Motor Per installation Existing 330 20 $194 50% 

Multi Family Ventilation 

And Circulation 

Motor, ECM ECM Motor Standard Motor Per installation New 86 20 $172 50% 

Multi Family Ventilation 

And Circulation 

Motor, ECM - VFD ECM/VFD Motor Standard Motor Per installation New 258 20 $194 50% 

Multi Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 1 (MEF 

2.0 - 2.19) - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation Existing 111 14 $227 79% 

Multi Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 2 (MEF 

2.2 - 2.45) - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation Existing 148 14 $296 79% 

Multi Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 3 (MEF 

2.46 or higher) Top 10% of Energy Star Model - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation Existing 169 14 $317 79% 

Multi Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation Existing 32 12 $42 58% 

Multi Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation Existing 32 12 $42 58% 

Multi Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation Existing 370 40 $540 29% 

Multi Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation Existing 370 40 $540 29% 

Multi Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation Existing 39 5 $23 95% Multi Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation Existing 39 5 $23 95% Multi Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation Existing 111 10 $16 95% Multi Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation Existing 111 10 $16 95% Multi Family Water Heat Water Heater, Storage EF 

0.95 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.95 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.92 

Per installation Existing 62 15 $47 100% 

Multi Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation Existing 117 5 $8 95% 

Multi Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation Existing 117 5 $8 95% 

Multi Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 1 (MEF 

2.0 - 2.19) - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation New 112 14 $227 79% 

Multi Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 2 (MEF 

2.2 - 2.45) - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation New 149 14 $296 79% 

Multi Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 3 (MEF 

2.46 or higher) Top 10% of Energy Star Model - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation New 170 14 $317 79% 

Multi Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation New 32 12 $42 58% 

Multi Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation New 32 12 $42 58% 

Multi Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation New 373 40 $459 59% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-17 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Multi Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation New 373 40 $459 59% 

Multi Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation New 39 5 $23 95% Multi Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation New 39 5 $23 95% Multi Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation New 111 10 $9 95% Multi Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation New 111 10 $9 95% Multi Family Water Heat Water Heater, Storage EF 

0.95 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.95 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.92 

Per installation New 55 15 $47 100% 

Multi Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation New 101 5 $8 95% 

Multi Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation New 101 5 $8 95% 

Single Family Computer Computer, Energy Star Energy Star Computer Standard Computer Per installation Existing 48 5 $22 100% Single Family Computer Computer, Energy Star Energy Star Computer Standard Computer Per installation New 48 5 $22 100% Single Family Cooking 

Oven 

Cooking Oven, High Efficiency 

High Efficiency Oven Standard Oven Per installation Existing 58 20 $282 100% 

Single Family Cooking 

Oven 

Cooking Oven, High Efficiency 

High Efficiency Oven Standard Oven Per installation New 58 20 $282 100% 

Single Family Cool Central Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation Existing 99 5 $576 50% 

Single Family Cool Central Canned Lighting Air Tight 

Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 2 30 $25 95% 

Single Family Cool Central Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no lighting 

kit) 

No Ceiling Fan Per installation Existing 26 10 $93 85% 

Single Family Cool Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 13 30 $564 75% 

Single Family Cool Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 206 30 $2,602 75% 

Single Family Cool Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 413 30 $2,602 95% 

Single Family Cool Central Central Cooling, SEER 18 SEER 18 SEER 13 Per installation Existing 235 15 $1,177 100% Single Family Cool Central Check Me! O&M Tune-up Tune-up/Maintenance No Tune-up Maintenance Per installation Existing 89 5 $204 95% Single Family Cool Central Cool Roofs Lighter Colored Shingles 

(White) 

Standard Roof Shingles Per installation Existing 11 20 $462 85% 

Single Family Cool Central Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 10 20 $25 95% 

Single Family Cool Central Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 7 20 $54 95% 

Single Family Cool Central Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 4 6 $46 95% 

Single Family Cool Central Duct Insulation Upgrade R-8 (code) R-4 Per installation Existing 29 20 $672 75% Single Family Cool Central Duct Sealing Duct Sealing No Duct Sealing Per installation Existing 99 18 $535 75% Single Family Cool Central Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 20 30 $743 25% 

Single Family Cool Central Floor Insulation (WA) zero 

to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 393 30 $2,802 25% 

Single Family Cool Central Infiltration Control (Caulk, 

Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 99 11 $575 75% 

Single Family Cool Central Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation Existing 94 15 $5 95% 

Single Family Cool Central Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 59 30 $1,101 50% Single Family Cool Central Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation Existing 67 11 $1,271 75% 

Single Family Cool Central Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) 

zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 234 30 $2,128 85% 

Single Family Cool Central Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per installation Existing 149 20 $1,621 50% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-18 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Single Family Cool Central Window Overhang Overhangs over windows 

for shading 

No window overhangs Per installation Existing 139 30 $204 50% 

Single Family Cool Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 1 30 $440 65% 

Single Family Cool Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 18 30 $4,539 65% 

Single Family Cool Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 28 30 $4,539 65% 

Single Family Cool Central Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation New 89 5 $576 50% 

Single Family Cool Central Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no lighting 

kit) 

No Ceiling Fan Per installation New 23 10 $93 85% 

Single Family Cool Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 17 30 $659 90% 

Single Family Cool Central Central Cooling, SEER 18 SEER 18 SEER 13 Per installation New 204 15 $1,281 100% Single Family Cool Central Check Me! O&M Tune-up Tune-up/Maintenance No Tune-up Maintenance Per installation New 80 5 $204 95% Single Family Cool Central Construction - ICF Concrete Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 287 45 $7,109 50% Single Family Cool Central Construction - SIP Specialty Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 107 45 $2,763 50% Single Family Cool Central Cool Roofs Lighter Colored Shingles 

(White) 

Standard Roof Shingles Per installation New 10 20 $538 85% 

Single Family Cool Central Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 9 20 $25 95% 

Single Family Cool Central Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 6 20 $54 95% 

Single Family Cool Central Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 18 30 $869 75% 

Single Family Cool Central Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 45 40 $27,367 50% Single Family Cool Central Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation New 84 15 $5 95% 

Single Family Cool Central Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 53 30 $1,282 75% Single Family Cool Central Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 49 45 $795 75% 

Single Family Cool Central Thermal Shell - Infiltration 

@0.2 ACH w/HRV 

0.2 ACH w/HRV Standard New 

Construction Home 0.35 ACH 

Per installation New 127 30 $1,209 85% 

Single Family Cool Central Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation New 61 11 $1,271 75% 

Single Family Cool Central Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) 

above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 46 30 $1,172 50% 

Single Family Cool Central Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per installation New 134 20 $1,621 50% Single Family Cool Central Window Overhang Overhangs over windows 

for shading 

No window overhangs Per installation New 125 30 $204 75% 

Single Family Cool Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 3 30 $552 95% 

Single Family Cool Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 2 30 $476 95% 

Single Family Cool Room Canned Lighting Air Tight 

Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 1 30 $25 95% 

Single Family Cool Room Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no lighting 

kit) 

No Ceiling Fan Per installation Existing 14 10 $93 85% 

Single Family Cool Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 7 30 $564 75% 

Single Family Cool Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 112 30 $2,602 75% 

Single Family Cool Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 224 30 $2,602 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-19 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Single Family Cool Room Cool Roofs Lighter Colored Shingles 

(White) 

Standard Roof Shingles Per installation Existing 6 20 $462 85% 

Single Family Cool Room Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 5 20 $25 95% 

Single Family Cool Room Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 3 20 $54 95% 

Single Family Cool Room Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 2 6 $46 95% 

Single Family Cool Room Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 10 30 $743 25% 

Single Family Cool Room Floor Insulation (WA) zero 

to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 210 30 $2,802 25% 

Single Family Cool Room Infiltration Control (Caulk, 

Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 53 11 $575 75% 

Single Family Cool Room Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 31 30 $1,101 50% Single Family Cool Room Room AC conversion to 

Ductless Heat Pump 

SEER 13 EER 9.8 Per installation Existing 64 20 $7,204 75% 

Single Family Cool Room Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) 

zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 127 30 $2,128 85% 

Single Family Cool Room Window Overhang Overhangs over windows 

for shading 

No window overhangs Per installation Existing 74 30 $204 50% 

Single Family Cool Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 0.92 30 $440 65% 

Single Family Cool Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 9 30 $4,539 65% 

Single Family Cool Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 15 30 $4,539 65% 

Single Family Cool Room Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no lighting 

kit) 

No Ceiling Fan Per installation New 13 10 $93 85% 

Single Family Cool Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 10 30 $659 90% 

Single Family Cool Room Construction - ICF Concrete Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 164 45 $7,109 50% Single Family Cool Room Construction - SIP Specialty Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 61 45 $2,763 50% Single Family Cool Room Cool Roofs Lighter Colored Shingles 

(White) 

Standard Roof Shingles Per installation New 6 20 $538 85% 

Single Family Cool Room Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 5 20 $25 95% 

Single Family Cool Room Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 3 20 $54 95% 

Single Family Cool Room Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 10 30 $869 75% 

Single Family Cool Room Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 26 40 $27,367 50% Single Family Cool Room Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 30 30 $1,282 75% Single Family Cool Room Room AC conversion to 

Ductless Heat Pump 

SEER 13 EER 9.8 Per installation New 64 20 $7,204 75% 

Single Family Cool Room Room AC, EER 10.8 EER 10.8 EER 9.8 Per installation New 17 9 $7 100% Single Family Cool Room Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 28 45 $795 75% 

Single Family Cool Room Thermal Shell - Infiltration 

@0.2 ACH w/HRV 

0.2 ACH w/HRV Standard New 

Construction Home 0.35 ACH 

Per installation New 76 30 $1,209 85% 

Single Family Cool Room Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) 

above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 27 30 $1,172 50% 

Single Family Cool Room Window Overhang Overhangs over windows 

for shading 

No window overhangs Per installation New 72 30 $204 75% 

Single Family Cool Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 1 30 $552 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-20 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Single Family Cool Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 1 30 $476 95% 

Single Family Dryer Dryer, Advanced 

Efficiency EF 3.30 

Advanced Efficiency Dryer 3.30 

Standard Dryer EF 3.01 Per installation Existing 50 14 $224 100% 

Single Family Dryer Dryer, Advanced 

Efficiency EF 3.30 

Advanced Efficiency Dryer 3.30 

Standard Dryer EF 3.01 Per installation New 50 14 $224 100% 

Single Family Freezer Freezer, Energy Star Energy Star Freezer Standard Freezer Per installation Existing 46 20 $22 76% Single Family Freezer Stand-Alone Freezer - 

Removal 

Proper Disposal of Freezer 

Existing Non-Efficient Freezer 

Per installation Existing 535 8 $99 24% 

Single Family Freezer Freezer, Energy Star Energy Star Freezer Standard Freezer Per installation New 46 20 $22 76% Single Family Heat Central Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation Existing 900 5 $576 50% 

Single Family Heat Central Canned Lighting Air Tight 

Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 30 30 $25 95% 

Single Family Heat Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 168 30 $564 75% 

Single Family Heat Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 2,556 30 $2,602 75% 

Single Family Heat Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 5,119 30 $2,602 95% 

Single Family Heat Central Conversion Electric 

Furnace to ASHP 

Air Source Heat Pump Seer 13 HSPF 7.7 

Electric Furnace HSPF 1 Per installation Existing 4,860 20 $2,883 92% 

Single Family Heat Central Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 135 20 $25 95% 

Single Family Heat Central Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 90 20 $54 95% 

Single Family Heat Central Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 58 6 $46 95% 

Single Family Heat Central Duct Insulation Upgrade R-8 (code) R-4 Per installation Existing 360 20 $672 75% Single Family Heat Central Duct Sealing Duct Sealing No Duct Sealing Per installation Existing 900 18 $535 75% Single Family Heat Central Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 248 30 $743 25% 

Single Family Heat Central Floor Insulation (WA) zero 

to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 4,877 30 $2,802 25% 

Single Family Heat Central Infiltration Control (Caulk, 

Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 900 11 $575 75% 

Single Family Heat Central Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation Existing 180 15 $5 15% 

Single Family Heat Central Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 180 30 $1,101 50% Single Family Heat Central Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation Existing 612 11 $1,271 75% 

Single Family Heat Central Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) 

zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 2,910 30 $2,128 85% 

Single Family Heat Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 20 30 $440 65% 

Single Family Heat Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 224 30 $4,539 65% 

Single Family Heat Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 351 30 $4,539 65% 

Single Family Heat Central Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation New 556 5 $576 50% 

Single Family Heat Central Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 144 30 $659 90% 

Single Family Heat Central Construction - ICF Concrete Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 2,446 45 $7,109 50% Single Family Heat Central Construction - SIP Specialty Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 667 45 $2,763 50% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-21 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Single Family Heat Central Conversion Electric 

Furnace to ASHP 

Air Source Heat Pump Seer 13 HSPF 7.7 

Electric Furnace HSPF 1 Per installation New 3,002 20 $2,758 92% 

Single Family Heat Central Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 83 20 $25 95% 

Single Family Heat Central Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 55 20 $54 95% 

Single Family Heat Central Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 153 30 $869 75% 

Single Family Heat Central Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 389 40 $27,367 50% Single Family Heat Central Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation New 111 15 $5 15% 

Single Family Heat Central Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 111 30 $1,282 75% Single Family Heat Central Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 17 45 $795 75% 

Single Family Heat Central Thermal Shell - Infiltration 

@0.2 ACH w/HRV 

0.2 ACH w/HRV Standard New 

Construction Home 0.35 ACH 

Per installation New 1,082 30 $1,209 85% 

Single Family Heat Central Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation New 378 11 $1,271 75% 

Single Family Heat Central Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) 

above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 396 30 $1,172 50% 

Single Family Heat Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 26 30 $552 95% 

Single Family Heat Central Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 17 30 $476 95% 

Single Family Heat Pump Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation Existing 714 5 $576 50% 

Single Family Heat Pump Canned Lighting Air Tight 

Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 23 30 $25 95% 

Single Family Heat Pump Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no lighting 

kit) 

No Ceiling Fan Per installation Existing 26 10 $93 85% 

Single Family Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 53 30 $564 75% 

Single Family Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 849 30 $2,602 75% 

Single Family Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 1,701 30 $2,602 95% 

Single Family Heat Pump Check Me! O&M Tune-up Tune-up/Maintenance No Tune-up Maintenance Per installation Existing 89 5 $204 95% Single Family Heat Pump Cool Roofs Lighter Colored Shingles 

(White) 

Standard Roof Shingles Per installation Existing 11 20 $462 85% 

Single Family Heat Pump Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 103 20 $25 95% 

Single Family Heat Pump Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 68 20 $54 95% 

Single Family Heat Pump Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 46 6 $46 95% 

Single Family Heat Pump Duct Insulation Upgrade R-8 (code) R-4 Per installation Existing 274 20 $672 75% Single Family Heat Pump Duct Sealing Duct Sealing No Duct Sealing Per installation Existing 714 18 $535 75% Single Family Heat Pump Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 197 30 $743 25% 

Single Family Heat Pump Floor Insulation (WA) zero 

to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 3,870 30 $2,802 25% 

Single Family Heat Pump Ground Source Heat 

Pump, EER 16.2, COP 3.6 

GSHP EER 16.2, HSPF 8.8 

ASHP SEER 13, HSPF 7.7 

Per installation Existing 2,499 20 $10,045 40% 

Single Family Heat Pump Heat Pump Premium 

Efficiency, SEER 16, HSPF 8.8 

ASHP SEER 16, HSPF 8.8 

ASHP SEER 13, HSPF 7.7 

Per installation Existing 506 20 $1,233 100% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-22 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Single Family Heat Pump Infiltration Control (Caulk, 

Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 714 11 $575 75% 

Single Family Heat Pump Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation Existing 673 15 $5 95% 

Single Family Heat Pump Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 192 30 $1,101 50% Single Family Heat Pump Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation Existing 485 11 $1,271 75% 

Single Family Heat Pump Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) 

zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 962 30 $2,128 85% 

Single Family Heat Pump Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per installation Existing 149 20 $1,621 50% Single Family Heat Pump Window Overhang Overhangs over windows 

for shading 

No window overhangs Per installation Existing 139 30 $204 50% 

Single Family Heat Pump Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 6 30 $440 65% 

Single Family Heat Pump Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 73 30 $4,539 65% 

Single Family Heat Pump Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 115 30 $4,539 65% 

Single Family Heat Pump Air-to-Air Heat 

Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation New 549 5 $576 50% 

Single Family Heat Pump Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no lighting 

kit) 

No Ceiling Fan Per installation New 20 10 $93 85% 

Single Family Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 54 30 $659 90% 

Single Family Heat Pump Check Me! O&M Tune-up Tune-up/Maintenance No Tune-up Maintenance Per installation New 69 5 $204 95% Single Family Heat Pump Construction - ICF Concrete Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 2,326 45 $7,109 50% Single Family Heat Pump Construction - SIP Specialty Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 659 45 $2,763 50% Single Family Heat Pump Cool Roofs Lighter Colored Shingles 

(White) 

Standard Roof Shingles Per installation New 9 20 $538 85% 

Single Family Heat Pump Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 79 20 $25 95% 

Single Family Heat Pump Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 53 20 $54 95% 

Single Family Heat Pump Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 151 30 $869 75% 

Single Family Heat Pump Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 369 40 $27,367 50% Single Family Heat Pump Ground Source Heat 

Pump, EER 16.2, COP 3.6 

GSHP EER 16.2, HSPF 8.8 

ASHP SEER 13, HSPF 7.7 

Per installation New 2,005 20 $10,169 40% 

Single Family Heat Pump Heat Pump Premium 

Efficiency, SEER 16, HSPF 8.8 

ASHP SEER 16, HSPF 8.8 

ASHP SEER 13, HSPF 7.7 

Per installation New 408 20 $1,233 100% 

Single Family Heat Pump Proper Sizing - HVAC 

Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation New 518 15 $5 95% 

Single Family Heat Pump Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 148 30 $1,282 75% Single Family Heat Pump Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 47 45 $795 75% 

Single Family Heat Pump Thermal Shell - Infiltration 

@0.2 ACH w/HRV 

0.2 ACH w/HRV Standard New 

Construction Home 0.35 ACH 

Per installation New 402 30 $1,209 85% 

Single Family Heat Pump Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation New 373 11 $1,271 75% 

Single Family Heat Pump Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) 

above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 148 30 $1,172 50% 

Single Family Heat Pump Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per installation New 115 20 $1,621 50% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-23 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Single Family Heat Pump Window Overhang Overhangs over windows 

for shading 

No window overhangs Per installation New 107 30 $204 75% 

Single Family Heat Pump Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 9 30 $552 95% 

Single Family Heat Pump Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 6 30 $476 95% 

Single Family Heat Room Canned Lighting Air Tight 

Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 23 30 $25 95% 

Single Family Heat Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 133 30 $564 75% 

Single Family Heat Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 2,014 30 $2,602 75% 

Single Family Heat Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 4,034 30 $2,602 95% 

Single Family Heat Room Conversion Baseboard 

Heating to DHP 

Ductless Heat Pump HSPF 7.7 

HSPF = 1 Per installation Existing 3,500 20 $7,444 68% 

Single Family Heat Room Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 103 20 $25 95% 

Single Family Heat Room Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 69 20 $54 95% 

Single Family Heat Room Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 45 6 $46 95% 

Single Family Heat Room Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 192 30 $743 25% 

Single Family Heat Room Floor Insulation (WA) zero 

to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 3,789 30 $2,802 25% 

Single Family Heat Room Infiltration Control (Caulk, 

Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 693 11 $575 75% 

Single Family Heat Room Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 138 30 $1,101 50% Single Family Heat Room Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) 

zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 2,289 30 $2,128 85% 

Single Family Heat Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 16 30 $440 65% 

Single Family Heat Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 178 30 $4,539 65% 

Single Family Heat Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 279 30 $4,539 65% 

Single Family Heat Room Ceiling Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 114 30 $659 90% 

Single Family Heat Room Construction - ICF Concrete Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 1,884 45 $7,109 50% Single Family Heat Room Construction - SIP Specialty Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 513 45 $2,763 50% Single Family Heat Room Conversion Baseboard 

Heating to DHP 

Ductless Heat Pump HSPF 7.7 

HSPF = 1 Per installation New 1,841 20 $7,444 68% 

Single Family Heat Room Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 64 20 $25 95% 

Single Family Heat Room Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 42 20 $54 95% 

Single Family Heat Room Floor Insulation (WA) 

above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 119 30 $869 75% 

Single Family Heat Room Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 299 40 $27,367 50% Single Family Heat Room Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 85 30 $1,282 75% Single Family Heat Room Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 13 45 $795 75% 

Single Family Heat Room Thermal Shell - Infiltration 

@0.2 ACH w/HRV 

0.2 ACH w/HRV Standard New 

Construction Home 0.35 ACH 

Per installation New 875 30 $1,209 85% 

Single Family Heat Room Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) 

above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 312 30 $1,172 50% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-24 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Single Family Heat Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 21 30 $552 95% 

Single Family Heat Room Windows (Same for all 

Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 14 30 $476 95% 

Single Family Lighting 

Exterior 

CFL, Flood (17 W) CFL, Flood Standard Incandescent 

Flood 

Per installation Existing 56 5 $0.91 100% 

Single Family Lighting 

Exterior 

Time Clocks (Exterior Lighting) 

Exterior Lighting on a Time Clock 

Exterior Lighting (Manual Control) 

Per installation Existing 11 10 $16 80% 

Single Family Lighting 

Exterior 

CFL, Flood (17 W) CFL, Flood Standard Incandescent 

Flood 

Per installation New 56 5 $0.91 100% 

Single Family Lighting 

Exterior 

Time Clocks (Exterior Lighting) 

Exterior Lighting on a Time Clock 

Exterior Lighting (Manual Control) 

Per installation New 13 10 $16 80% 

Single Family Lighting 

Interior Specialty 

CFL (13 W, 20 W, 25 W) CFL (3-Way) Standard Incandescent 

(3-Way) 

Per installation Existing 49 5 $3 100% 

Single Family Lighting 

Interior Specialty 

CFL (13 W, 20 W, 25 W) CFL (3-Way) Standard Incandescent 

(3-Way) 

Per installation New 49 5 $3 100% 

Single Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Daylighting Controls (Photocell) - Indoor/Outdoors 

Install Photocell No Daylighting Controls Per installation Existing 10 20 $147 60% 

Single Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Lighting CFL 15 W 15 W CFL Standard 60 W 

Incandescent 

Per installation Existing 47 5 $2 100% 

Single Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Lighting LED 7 W 7 W LED Standard 60 W 

Incandescent 

Per installation Existing 56 20 $36 50% 

Single Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Occupancy Sensors Wall-Switch Occupancy 

Sensors 

No Occupancy Sensor Per installation Existing 6 10 $32 85% 

Single Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Daylighting Controls (Photocell) - Indoor/Outdoors 

Install Photocell No Daylighting Controls Per installation New 12 20 $147 60% 

Single Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Lighting CFL 15 W 15 W CFL Standard 60 W 

Incandescent 

Per installation New 47 5 $2 100% 

Single Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Lighting LED 7 W 7 W LED Standard 60 W 

Incandescent 

Per installation New 56 20 $36 50% 

Single Family Lighting 

Interior Standard 

Occupancy Sensors Wall-Switch Occupancy 

Sensors 

No Occupancy Sensor Per installation New 7 10 $32 85% 

Single Family Microwave Microwave, High 

Efficiency 

High Efficiency Microwave Standard Microwave Per installation Existing 9 15 $79 100% 

Single Family Microwave Microwave, High 

Efficiency 

High Efficiency Microwave Standard Microwave Per installation New 9 15 $79 100% 

Single Family Monitor Monitor, Energy Star Energy Star Monitor Standard Monitor Per installation Existing 36 5 $3 100% Single Family Monitor Monitor, Energy Star Energy Star Monitor Standard Monitor Per installation New 36 5 $3 100% Single Family Plug Load 

Other 

1-Watt Standby Power 1W or less standby power 

use for small appliances 

Standard plug load appliance. 

Per installation Existing 17 7 $30 50% 

Single Family Plug Load 

Other 

Energy Star Battery Chargers 

Energy Star Battery Chargers 

Standard Battery Chargers 

Per installation Existing 1 7 $2 50% 

Single Family Plug Load 

Other 

Office Copier Office Copier Standard Copier Per installation Existing 39 6 $5 20% 

Single Family Plug Load 

Other 

Office Printer Office Printer Standard Copier Per installation Existing 5 5 $5 50% 

Single Family Plug Load 

Other 

Smart Strip Smart Strip Standard PowerStrip Per installation Existing 102 5 $22 50% 

Single Family Plug Load 

Other 

1-Watt Standby Power 1W or less standby power 

use for small appliances 

Standard plug load appliance. 

Per installation New 17 7 $30 50% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-25 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Single Family Plug Load 

Other 

Energy Star Battery Chargers 

Energy Star Battery Chargers 

Standard Battery Chargers 

Per installation New 1 7 $2 50% 

Single Family Plug Load 

Other 

Office Copier Office Copier Standard Copier Per installation New 39 6 $5 20% 

Single Family Plug Load 

Other 

Office Printer Office Printer Standard Copier Per installation New 5 5 $5 50% 

Single Family Plug Load 

Other 

Smart Strip Smart Strip Standard PowerStrip Per installation New 102 5 $22 50% 

Single Family Pool Pump Pool Pump Timers Pool Pump Timers Pool Pump No Timers Per installation Existing 292 10 $45 95% Single Family Pool Pump Pool Pump, 2 Speed 2 Speed Pool Pump Standard 1 Speed Pool 

Pump 

Per installation Existing 570 10 $110 75% 

Single Family Pool Pump Pool Pump, VSD VSD Pool Pump Standard 1 Speed Pool 

Pump 

Per installation Existing 630 10 $819 75% 

Single Family Pool Pump Pool Pump Timers Pool Pump Timers Pool Pump No Timers Per installation New 293 10 $45 95% Single Family Pool Pump Pool Pump, 2 Speed 2 Speed Pool Pump Standard 1 Speed Pool 

Pump 

Per installation New 570 10 $110 75% 

Single Family Pool Pump Pool Pump, VSD VSD Pool Pump Standard 1 Speed Pool 

Pump 

Per installation New 630 10 $819 75% 

Single Family Refrigerator Refrigerator, Energy Star Energy Star Refrigerator Standard Refrigerator Per installation Existing 122 20 $15 74% Single Family Refrigerator Refrigerator/Freezer - 

Removal of Secondary 

Proper Disposal of Refrigerator/Freezer 

Existing Non-Efficient Refrigerator/Freezer 

Per installation Existing 474 9 $102 26% 

Single Family Refrigerator Refrigerator, Energy Star Energy Star Refrigerator Standard Refrigerator Per installation New 122 20 $15 100% Single Family Set Top Box Set Top Box, Energy Star Energy Star Set Top Box Standard Set Top Box Per installation Existing 164 5 $12 100% Single Family Set Top Box Set Top Box, Energy Star Energy Star Set Top Box Standard Set Top Box Per installation New 164 5 $12 100% Single Family Tv TV CRT, Energy Star Energy Star CRT TV Standard CRT TV Per installation Existing 112 10 $19 100% Single Family Tv TV CRT, Energy Star Energy Star CRT TV Standard CRT TV Per installation New 112 10 $19 100% Single Family Tv 

Bigscreen 

TV LCD, Energy Star Energy Star LCD TV Standard LCD TV Per installation Existing 223 10 $19 100% 

Single Family Tv 

Bigscreen 

TV LCD, Energy Star Energy Star LCD TV Standard LCD TV Per installation New 223 10 $19 100% 

Single Family Ventilation 

And Circulation 

Motor, ECM ECM Motor Standard Motor Per installation Existing 139 20 $172 50% 

Single Family Ventilation 

And Circulation 

Motor, ECM - VFD ECM/VFD Motor Standard Motor Per installation Existing 417 20 $194 50% 

Single Family Ventilation 

And Circulation 

Motor, ECM ECM Motor Standard Motor Per installation New 120 20 $172 50% 

Single Family Ventilation 

And Circulation 

Motor, ECM - VFD ECM/VFD Motor Standard Motor Per installation New 362 20 $194 50% 

Single Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 1 (MEF 

2.0 - 2.19) - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation Existing 111 14 $227 99% 

Single Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 2 (MEF 

2.2 - 2.45) - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation Existing 148 14 $296 99% 

Single Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 3 (MEF 

2.46 or higher) Top 10% of Energy Star Model - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation Existing 169 14 $317 99% 

Single Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation Existing 32 12 $42 71% 

Single Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation Existing 32 12 $42 71% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-26 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Single Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation Existing 370 40 $540 29% 

Single Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation Existing 370 40 $540 29% 

Single Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation Existing 39 5 $23 95% Single Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation Existing 39 5 $23 95% Single Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation Existing 111 10 $16 95% Single Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation Existing 111 10 $16 95% Single Family Water Heat Water Heater, Heat Pump 

EF 2.2 

Heat Pump Water Heater EF = 2.2 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.92 

Per installation Existing 1,941 15 $1,365 59% 

Single Family Water Heat Water Heater, Storage EF 

0.95 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.95 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.92 

Per installation Existing 109 15 $47 100% 

Single Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation Existing 205 5 $8 95% 

Single Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation Existing 205 5 $8 95% 

Single Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 1 (MEF 

2.0 - 2.19) - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation New 112 14 $227 99% 

Single Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 2 (MEF 

2.2 - 2.45) - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation New 149 14 $296 99% 

Single Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 3 (MEF 

2.46 or higher) Top 10% of Energy Star Model - Electric DHW & Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Electric DHW & Dryer 

Per installation New 170 14 $317 99% 

Single Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation New 32 12 $42 71% 

Single Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation New 32 12 $42 71% 

Single Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation New 373 40 $526 59% 

Single Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation New 373 40 $526 59% 

Single Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation New 39 5 $23 95% Single Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation New 39 5 $23 95% Single Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation New 111 10 $9 95% Single Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation New 111 10 $9 95% Single Family Water Heat Water Heater, Heat Pump 

EF 2.2 

Heat Pump Water Heater EF = 2.2 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.92 

Per installation New 1,682 15 $1,365 59% 

Single Family Water Heat Water Heater, Storage EF 

0.95 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.95 

Standard Storage Water Heater EF = 0.92 

Per installation New 94 15 $47 100% 

Single Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation New 173 5 $8 95% 

Single Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation New 173 5 $8 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-27 

Table B.3.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Dry Goods Retail 

Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation Existing 137 4 $28 1

Dry Goods Retail 

Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation New 137 4 $28 1

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 620 15 $747 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.62 15 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx DX Package 240 to 760 kBTU/hr 

- Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 240 to 760 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 10.8 EER 

DX Package 240 to 760 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency 10.0 EER 

Per installation Existing 2,771 15 $8,231 1

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side Economizer Air-Side Economizer No Economizer per DX ton Existing 62 10 $169 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics No DX Tune-Up / 

Diagnostics 

per installation Existing 310 4 $335 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.51 15 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 100 5 $193 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 67 15 $171 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 100 5 $78 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.05 18 $0.22 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.20 40 $9 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 1 13 $0.31 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.01 25 $1 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 1 20 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 584 10 $137 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.25 7 $0.18 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 2 10 $150 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 3 25 $30 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.68 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 2 25 $64 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 326 15 $399 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx DX Package 240 to 760 kBTU/hr 

- Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 240 to 760 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 10.8 EER 

DX Package 240 to 760 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency 10.0 EER 

Per installation New 1,507 15 $6,585 1

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

New 0.27 15 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 35 15 $171 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.02 18 $0.22 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-28 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.10 40 $9 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 6 30 $5 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 307 10 $137 

Dry Goods Retail 

Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 1 25 $30 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation Existing 5,607 15 $9,908 1

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 629 15 $747 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.49 15 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 149 5 $193 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 99 15 $171 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 149 5 $78 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.07 18 $0.22 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.14 14 $0.93 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.20 40 $9 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation Existing 12,155 30 $18,825 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 1 13 $0.31 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.01 25 $0.49 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.28 25 $1 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 1 20 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 0.09 25 $0.93 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.01 25 $0.29 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 0.26 25 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 868 10 $137 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.38 7 $0.18 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 2 10 $150 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 2 25 $30 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.68 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 2 25 $64 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation New 3,461 15 $7,926 1
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-29 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 324 15 $399 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 51 15 $171 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.03 18 $0.22 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.07 14 $0.93 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.10 40 $9 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation New 7,147 30 $65,046 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.00 25 $0.49 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.01 25 $0.29 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 6 30 $5 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 447 10 $137 

Dry Goods Retail 

Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 1 25 $30 

Dry Goods Retail 

Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

Existing 2,556 10 $581 

Dry Goods Retail 

Hvac Aux Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.33 15 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation Existing 1,909 18 $4,526 

Dry Goods Retail 

Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP Existing 27 15 $6 

Dry Goods Retail 

Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP Existing 680 20 $110 

Dry Goods Retail 

Hvac Aux Motor - VAV Box High Efficiency 

(ECM) 

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency Motor per installation Existing 69 15 $178 

Dry Goods Retail 

Hvac Aux Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind per HP Existing 17 8 $4 

Dry Goods Retail 

Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

New 2,081 10 $581 

Dry Goods Retail 

Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation New 1,909 18 $4,526 

Dry Goods Retail 

Hvac Aux Low Pressure Distribution 

Complex HVAC 

Low Pressure Distribution Complex HVAC 

VAV/CV per building sqft New 0.85 50 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP New 22 15 $6 

Dry Goods Retail 

Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP New 554 20 $110 

Dry Goods Retail 

Hvac Aux Motor - VAV Box High Efficiency 

(ECM) 

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency Motor per installation New 56 15 $178 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.09 10 $0.02 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation Existing 72 8 $28 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation Existing 247 15 $336 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation Existing 7 14 $35 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-30 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.05 19 $0.07 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.09 10 $0.02 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation New 72 8 $28 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation New 247 15 $336 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation New 7 14 $35 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.05 19 $0.07 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

Existing 215 9 $110 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation Existing 107 5 $12 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.33 8 $0.98 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.25 8 $0.73 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Exit Sign - LED LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) CFL Exit Sign (9 Watts) per installation Existing 97 16 $16 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation Existing 35 13 $30 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Lighting Package, Below Code Code Required LPD And Control 

Strategies 

Existing Lighting Design LPD 

per building sqft Existing 1 13 $0.84 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.47 13 $0.05 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.63 13 $0.18 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.79 13 $0.36 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.18 13 $0.16 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

Existing 774 8 $70 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

Existing 757 8 $201 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

New 168 9 $110 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation New 107 5 $12 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.26 8 $0.98 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.19 8 $0.73 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation New 35 13 $30 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.47 15 $0.03 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.63 15 $0.08 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.79 15 $0.15 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-31 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.18 15 $0.04 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

New 607 8 $70 

Dry Goods Retail 

Lighting Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

New 757 8 $200 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Office Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation Existing 74 6 $164 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Office Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation Existing 79 6 $0.00 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Office Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation Existing 15 5 $16 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Office Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation Existing 140 5 $15 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Office Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation Existing 72 6 $0.00 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Office Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation New 74 6 $164 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Office Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation New 79 6 $0.00 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Office Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation New 15 5 $16 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Office Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation New 140 5 $15 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Office Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation New 72 6 $0.00 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Plug Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation Existing 7 7 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Plug Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation Existing 369 10 $0.00 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Plug Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

Existing 4 4 $0.41 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Plug Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation Existing 81 12 $123 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Plug Load 

Residential Refrigerator/Freezer Recycling 

Recycling Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

per installation Existing 1,525 9 $566 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Plug Load 

Residential-Size Refrigerator/Freezer - Early Replacement 

Energy Star Refrigerator/Freezer Baseline 

Refrigerator/Freezer 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 338 7 $566 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Plug Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 5,000 

sqft 

Existing 102 5 $22 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Plug Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation Existing 244 14 $165 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Plug Load 

Vending Miser Passive Infrared Sensor on 

Vending Machine Monitoring Vacancy of Area And Cycles Cooling - Controls 

No Vending Miser - No controls 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 640 3 $175 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Plug Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation New 7 7 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Plug Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation New 369 10 $0.00 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Plug Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

New 4 4 $0.41 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Plug Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation New 81 12 $123 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Plug Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 5,000 

sqft 

New 102 5 $22 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-32 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Dry Goods Retail 

Other Plug Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation New 244 14 $165 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 620 15 $747 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.26 15 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 100 5 $193 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 67 15 $171 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 100 5 $78 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.05 18 $0.22 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.31 14 $0.93 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 2 13 $0.31 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.05 25 $0.49 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.58 25 $1 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 1 20 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 0.57 25 $0.93 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.10 25 $0.29 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 1 25 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 583 10 $137 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.25 7 $0.18 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 0.51 10 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.68 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.39 25 $64 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 137 15 $399 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 14 15 $171 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.01 18 $0.22 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.06 14 $0.93 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.01 25 $0.49 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.02 25 $0.29 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 1 30 $5 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 129 10 $137 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-33 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.11 10 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 491 10 $8,170 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 491 10 $8,170 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Clothes Washer Commercial ENERGY STAR Commercial 

Clothes Washer MEF=1.80 

Standard Clothes Washers 

per installation Existing 553 11 $243 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft Existing 0.01 10 $0.27 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 7,164 10 $2,520 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 20,007 10 $3,570 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 433 25 $817 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 433 25 $817 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 101 15 $131 1

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 1,863 15 $2,541 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 4 12 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 4 12 $2 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 67 5 $0.00 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 67 5 $0.00 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 35 10 $142 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 35 10 $142 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation Existing 124 5 $95 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 492 10 $8,170 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 492 10 $8,170 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Clothes Washer Commercial ENERGY STAR Commercial 

Clothes Washer MEF=1.80 

Standard Clothes Washers 

per installation New 555 11 $243 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft New 0.01 10 $0.27 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-34 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 7,197 10 $2,527 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 20,101 10 $3,580 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 433 25 $654 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 433 25 $654 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 104 15 $131 1

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 1,921 15 $2,168 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 67 5 $0.00 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 67 5 $0.00 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 35 10 $142 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 35 10 $142 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation New 125 5 $95 

Grocery Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation Existing 137 4 $29 1

Grocery Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation New 137 4 $29 1

Grocery Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 11,890 12 $1,931 Grocery Cooking Fryers - New CEE Efficient 

Electric Deep Fat Fryers 

15 inch width Deep Fryer CEE 2006 rating: 80% under heavy load, Less than 1000 watt at idle 

15 inch width standard electric deep fat fryers 

per installation Existing 1,021 12 $1,308 

Grocery Cooking Griddle 70% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 2,295 12 $814 Grocery Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 1,900 12 $2,035 Grocery Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 1,900 12 $2,035 Grocery Cooking Hot Food Holding Cabinet ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 3,986 12 $1,768 Grocery Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 4,266 12 $2,564 Grocery Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 11,890 12 $1,931 Grocery Cooking Fryers - New CEE Efficient 

Electric Deep Fat Fryers 

15 inch width Deep Fryer CEE 2006 rating: 80% under heavy load, Less than 1000 watt at idle 

15 inch width standard electric deep fat fryers 

per installation New 1,021 12 $1,308 

Grocery Cooking Griddle 70% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 2,295 12 $814 Grocery Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 1,900 12 $2,035 Grocery Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 1,900 12 $2,035 Grocery Cooking Hot Food Holding Cabinet ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 3,986 12 $1,768 Grocery Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 4,266 12 $2,564 Grocery Cooling Dx DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - 

Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency - 11.2 EER 

Per installation Existing 6,436 15 $6,020 1

Grocery Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side Economizer Air-Side Economizer No Economizer per DX ton Existing 78 10 $169 Grocery Cooling Dx DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics No DX Tune-Up / 

Diagnostics 

per installation Existing 390 4 $335 

Grocery Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.43 15 $2 

Grocery Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 84 5 $193 

Grocery Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 56 15 $171 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-35 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Grocery Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 84 5 $78 

Grocery Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.04 18 $0.22 

Grocery Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 2,499 10 $3,606 

Grocery Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.17 40 $9 

Grocery Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 1 13 $0.32 

Grocery Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.00 25 $1 

Grocery Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 0.92 20 $2 

Grocery Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 1,412 10 $136 

Grocery Cooling Dx Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.21 7 $0.18 

Grocery Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 2 10 $150 

Grocery Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 3 25 $30 Grocery Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 3 25 $64 

Grocery Cooling Dx DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - 

Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency - 11.2 EER 

Per installation New 5,831 15 $4,816 1

Grocery Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

New 0.37 15 $2 

Grocery Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 48 15 $171 

Grocery Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.03 18 $0.22 

Grocery Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 2,149 10 $3,606 

Grocery Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.14 40 $9 

Grocery Cooling Dx Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 9 30 $5 

Grocery Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 1,214 10 $136 

Grocery Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 3 25 $30 Grocery Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation Existing 24,368 15 $22,274 1

Grocery Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 231 5 $193 

Grocery Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 154 15 $171 

Grocery Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 231 5 $78 

Grocery Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.11 18 $0.22 

Grocery Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.45 14 $0.93 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-36 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Grocery Heat Pump Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 6,846 10 $3,606 

Grocery Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.17 40 $9 

Grocery Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation Existing 46,494 30 $88,204 

Grocery Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 5 13 $0.32 

Grocery Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.04 25 $0.49 

Grocery Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.83 25 $1 

Grocery Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 2 20 $2 

Grocery Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 0.63 25 $0.93 

Grocery Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.12 25 $0.29 Grocery Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 1 25 $2 

Grocery Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 3,867 10 $136 

Grocery Heat Pump Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.59 7 $0.18 

Grocery Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 2 10 $150 

Grocery Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 1 25 $30 Grocery Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 3 25 $64 

Grocery Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation New 10,205 15 $17,820 1

Grocery Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 57 15 $171 

Grocery Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.04 18 $0.22 

Grocery Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.04 14 $0.93 

Grocery Heat Pump Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 2,563 10 $3,606 

Grocery Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.14 40 $9 

Grocery Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation New 19,623 30 $4,184 

Grocery Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.00 25 $0.49 

Grocery Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.00 25 $0.29 Grocery Heat Pump Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 7 30 $5 

Grocery Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 1,448 10 $136 

Grocery Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 3 25 $30 Grocery Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

Existing 1,993 10 $581 

Grocery Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation Existing 1,886 18 $4,022 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-37 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Grocery Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP Existing 21 15 $6 

Grocery Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP Existing 530 20 $110 

Grocery Hvac Aux Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind per HP Existing 13 8 $4 Grocery Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

New 2,389 10 $581 

Grocery Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation New 1,886 18 $4,022 Grocery Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP New 25 15 $6 

Grocery Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP New 636 20 $110 

Grocery Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.09 10 $0.02 

Grocery Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation Existing 111 8 $28 

Grocery Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation Existing 244 15 $336 

Grocery Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation Existing 12 14 $35 

Grocery Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.05 19 $0.07 

Grocery Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.09 10 $0.02 

Grocery Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation New 111 8 $28 

Grocery Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation New 244 15 $336 

Grocery Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation New 12 14 $35 

Grocery Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.05 19 $0.07 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

Existing 324 9 $110 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation Existing 208 5 $12 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.98 8 $0.98 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.73 8 $0.73 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - LED LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) CFL Exit Sign (9 Watts) per installation Existing 96 16 $16 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation Existing 35 13 $30 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

LED Refrigeration Case Lights LED Refrigeration Case Lights Fluorescent Refrigeration 

Case 

per installation Existing 277 8 $249 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Below Code Code Required LPD And Control 

Strategies 

Existing Lighting Design LPD 

per building sqft Existing 1 13 $0.89 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.75 13 $0.16 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 1 13 $0.38 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 1 13 $0.86 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.25 13 $0.15 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-38 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

Existing 1,166 8 $70 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

Existing 750 8 $201 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

New 258 9 $110 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation New 208 5 $12 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.78 8 $0.98 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 1 8 $0.73 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation New 35 13 $30 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

LED Refrigeration Case Lights LED Refrigeration Case Lights Fluorescent Refrigeration 

Case 

per installation New 277 8 $249 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.75 15 $0.08 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 1 15 $0.15 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 1 15 $0.22 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.25 15 $0.03 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

New 930 8 $70 

Grocery Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

New 750 8 $201 

Grocery Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation Existing 73 6 $159 

Grocery Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation Existing 78 6 $0.00 

Grocery Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation Existing 15 5 $16 

Grocery Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation Existing 138 5 $14 

Grocery Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation Existing 71 6 $0.00 

Grocery Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation New 73 6 $159 

Grocery Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation New 78 6 $0.00 

Grocery Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation New 15 5 $16 

Grocery Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation New 138 5 $14 

Grocery Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation New 71 6 $0.00 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation Existing 7 7 $2 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation Existing 365 10 $0.00 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice Maker Standard Ice Maker per installation Existing 425 10 $142 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

Existing 6 4 $0.41 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-39 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation Existing 80 12 $125 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator/Freezer Recycling 

Recycling Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

per installation Existing 1,506 9 $567 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

Residential-Size Refrigerator/Freezer - Early Replacement 

Energy Star Refrigerator/Freezer Baseline 

Refrigerator/Freezer 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 1,639 7 $567 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 5,000 

sqft 

Existing 101 5 $22 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation Existing 241 14 $162 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Miser Passive Infrared Sensor on 

Vending Machine Monitoring Vacancy of Area And Cycles Cooling - Controls 

No Vending Miser - No controls 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 3,106 3 $174 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation New 7 7 $2 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation New 365 10 $0.00 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice Maker Standard Ice Maker per installation New 425 10 $142 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

New 6 4 $0.41 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation New 80 12 $125 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 5,000 

sqft 

New 101 5 $22 

Grocery Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation New 241 14 $162 

Grocery Refrigeration Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls No Anti-Sweat 

(Humidistat) Controls 

1 unit per 1,000 sqft 

Existing 989 12 $82 

Grocery Refrigeration Case Electronically Commutated 

Motor 

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency Motor 1 unit per 1,000 

sqft 

Existing 1,029 12 $243 1

Grocery Refrigeration Case Replacement Low Temp Case Replacement Low Temp No replacement per square foot Existing 0.98 15 $0.10 1Grocery Refrigeration Case Replacement Med Temp Case Replacement Med Temp No replacement per square foot Existing 0.08 15 $0.05 1Grocery Refrigeration Compressor VSD Retrofit VSD Compressor Constant Speed 

Compressor 

per refrigeration ton 

Existing 1,385 13 $261 

Grocery Refrigeration Demand Control Defrost - Hot 

Gas 

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric per installation Existing 8,579 10 $115 

Grocery Refrigeration Evaporative Condenser - 

High-Efficiency 

High-Efficiency Evaporative Condenser 

Air-Cooled Condenser Tons of 

Refrigeration 

Existing 89 15 $444 

Grocery Refrigeration Floating Condenser Head 

Pressure Controls 

Floating Condenser Head Pressure Controls 

No Floating Condenser Head Pressure Controls 

1 unit per 1,000 sqft 

Existing 1,810 15 $196 

Grocery Refrigeration Glass Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Glass Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Glass Doors per installation Existing 2,579 12 $724 

Grocery Refrigeration High-Efficiency Compressor High-Efficiency Compressor (15% 

More Efficient) 

Standard Compressor, 40% Efficiency 

Per Unit. Ea. Compressor 

Existing 2,598 10 $726 

Grocery Refrigeration Night Covers for Display Cases Night Covers for Display Cases No Night Covers per installation Existing 407 5 $65 Grocery Refrigeration Refrigeration Commissioning or 

Re-commissioning 

Commissioning / Re-commissioning No Commissioning / 

Re-commissioning 

per refrigeration ton 

Existing 825 3 $119 

Grocery Refrigeration Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Refrigerator Existing 6,431 10 $50 Grocery Refrigeration Solid Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Solid Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Solid Door per installation Existing 1,169 12 $192 

Grocery Refrigeration Standalone to Multiplex 

Compressor 

Standalone to Multiplex Compressor 

Standalone compressor per building sqft Existing 0.62 13 $0.09 

Grocery Refrigeration Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins No Strip Curtains for 

Walk-In 

per installation Existing 13,199 4 $184 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-40 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Grocery Refrigeration Walk-In Electronically 

Commutated Motor 

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency Motor per installation Existing 0.79 12 $0.17 

Grocery Refrigeration Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls No Anti-Sweat 

(Humidistat) Controls 

1 unit per 1,000 sqft 

New 989 12 $82 

Grocery Refrigeration Case Electronically Commutated 

Motor 

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency Motor 1 unit per 1,000 

sqft 

New 1,029 12 $243 1

Grocery Refrigeration Demand Control Defrost - Hot 

Gas 

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric per installation New 8,579 10 $115 

Grocery Refrigeration Evaporative Condenser - 

High-Efficiency 

High-Efficiency Evaporative Condenser 

Air-Cooled Condenser Tons of 

Refrigeration 

New 89 15 $444 

Grocery Refrigeration Floating Condenser Head 

Pressure Controls 

Floating Condenser Head Pressure Controls 

No Floating Condenser Head Pressure Controls 

1 unit per 1,000 sqft 

New 1,810 15 $196 

Grocery Refrigeration Glass Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Glass Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Glass Doors per installation New 2,579 12 $724 

Grocery Refrigeration High-Efficiency Compressor High-Efficiency Compressor (15% 

More Efficient) 

Standard Compressor, 40% Efficiency 

Per Unit. Ea. Compressor 

New 4,820 10 $726 

Grocery Refrigeration Night Covers for Display Cases Night Covers for Display Cases No Night Covers per installation New 407 5 $65 Grocery Refrigeration Refrigeration Commissioning or 

Re-commissioning 

Commissioning / Re-commissioning No Commissioning / 

Re-commissioning 

per refrigeration ton 

New 464 3 $46 

Grocery Refrigeration Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Refrigerator New 6,431 10 $50 Grocery Refrigeration Solid Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Solid Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Solid Door per installation New 1,169 12 $192 

Grocery Refrigeration Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins No Strip Curtains for 

Walk-In 

per installation New 13,199 4 $184 

Grocery Refrigeration Walk-In Electronically 

Commutated Motor 

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency Motor per installation New 0.79 12 $0.17 

Grocery Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 105 5 $193 

Grocery Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 70 15 $171 

Grocery Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 105 5 $78 

Grocery Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.05 18 $0.22 

Grocery Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.32 14 $0.93 

Grocery Space Heat Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 3,121 10 $3,606 

Grocery Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 2 13 $0.32 

Grocery Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.05 25 $0.49 

Grocery Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.59 25 $1 

Grocery Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 1 20 $2 

Grocery Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 0.58 25 $0.93 

Grocery Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.10 25 $0.29 Grocery Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 1 25 $2 

Grocery Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 1,763 10 $136 

Grocery Space Heat Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.27 7 $0.18 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-41 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Grocery Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 0.54 10 $2 

Grocery Space Heat Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.27 25 $64 

Grocery Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 6 15 $171 

Grocery Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.00 18 $0.22 

Grocery Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.02 14 $0.93 

Grocery Space Heat Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 270 10 $3,606 

Grocery Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.00 25 $0.49 

Grocery Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.00 25 $0.29 Grocery Space Heat Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 0.75 30 $5 

Grocery Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 152 10 $136 

Grocery Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.04 10 $2 

Grocery Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft Existing 0.01 10 $0.27 

Grocery Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $44 

Grocery Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $44 

Grocery Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 7,077 10 $2,721 

Grocery Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 19,765 10 $3,809 

Grocery Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 191 25 $817 

Grocery Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 191 25 $817 

Grocery Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 302 15 $876 1

Grocery Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 5,569 15 $16,946 

Grocery Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 2 12 $2 

Grocery Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 2 12 $2 

Grocery Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 66 5 $4 

Grocery Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 66 5 $4 

Grocery Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 37 10 $142 

Grocery Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 37 10 $142 

Grocery Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

Existing 0.03 10 $0.88 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-42 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Grocery Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

Existing 0.03 10 $0.88 

Grocery Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation Existing 73 5 $95 

Grocery Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft New 0.01 10 $0.27 

Grocery Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $44 

Grocery Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $44 

Grocery Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 7,110 10 $2,528 

Grocery Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 19,858 10 $3,612 

Grocery Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 193 25 $653 

Grocery Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 193 25 $653 

Grocery Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 313 15 $876 1

Grocery Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 5,782 15 $14,450 

Grocery Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 66 5 $4 

Grocery Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 66 5 $4 

Grocery Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 37 10 $142 

Grocery Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 37 10 $142 

Grocery Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

New 0.03 10 $0.88 

Grocery Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

New 0.03 10 $0.88 

Grocery Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation New 74 5 $95 

Hospital Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation Existing 137 4 $29 1

Hospital Computers Network PC Power Management Network PC Power Management No Power Management 4.2 units per 

1,000 sqft 

Existing 4 5 $12 

Hospital Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation New 137 4 $29 1

Hospital Computers Network PC Power Management Network PC Power Management No Power Management 4.2 units per 

1,000 sqft 

New 4 5 $12 

Hospital Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 11,974 12 $1,745 Hospital Cooking Fryers - New CEE Efficient 

Electric Deep Fat Fryers 

15 inch width Deep Fryer CEE 2006 rating: 80% under heavy load, Less than 1000 watt at idle 

15 inch width standard electric deep fat fryers 

per installation Existing 961 12 $1,309 

Hospital Cooking Griddle 70% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 2,311 12 $794 Hospital Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 1,913 12 $2,016 Hospital Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 1,913 12 $2,016 Hospital Cooking Hot Food Holding Cabinet ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 4,014 12 $1,772 Hospital Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 4,296 12 $2,566 Hospital Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 11,974 12 $1,745 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-43 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hospital Cooking Fryers - New CEE Efficient 

Electric Deep Fat Fryers 

15 inch width Deep Fryer CEE 2006 rating: 80% under heavy load, Less than 1000 watt at idle 

15 inch width standard electric deep fat fryers 

per installation New 961 12 $1,309 

Hospital Cooking Griddle 70% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 2,311 12 $794 Hospital Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 1,913 12 $2,016 Hospital Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 1,913 12 $2,016 Hospital Cooking Hot Food Holding Cabinet ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 4,014 12 $1,772 Hospital Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 4,296 12 $2,566 Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 530 15 $747 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water / Condenser Water Settings-Optimization 

Additional Control Features EMS already installed - 

No Optimization 

1 control point per 1000 sqft 

Existing 22 5 $165 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water Piping Loop w/ VSD Control 

VSD for secondary chilled water loop 

Primary loop only w/ constant speed pump 

per chiller ton Existing 36 10 $210 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Chiller-Water Side Economizer Install Economizer No Economizer per chiller ton Existing 23 15 $483 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Chillers <150 tons (screw) - Advanced Efficiency 

0.58 kW/ton (full load) 0.790 kW/Ton (full load) Per installation Existing 4,688 20 $9,232 1

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Convert Constant Volume Air System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.53 15 $2 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Decrease Approach Temperature 

6 Deg F 10 Deg F per chiller ton Existing 38 8 $27 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

Cooling Tower-One-Speed Fan Motor 

per chiller ton Existing 66 15 $2 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-VSD Fan Control Variable-Speed Tower Fans 

replace Two-Speed 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

per chiller ton Existing 19 13 $19 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 86 5 $193 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 57 15 $171 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 86 5 $78 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 1,353 10 $3,606 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.17 40 $9 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 1 13 $0.32 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.00 25 $1 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Pipe Insulation 1.5" of Insulation, assuming R-6 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear feet of 

insulation 

Existing 5 15 $3 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.22 7 $0.18 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 0.44 10 $2 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 2 10 $150 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 2 25 $30 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 2 25 $64 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-44 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 141 15 $399 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water / Condenser Water Settings-Optimization 

Additional Control Features EMS already installed - 

No Optimization 

1 control point per 1000 sqft 

New 5 5 $165 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water Piping Loop w/ VSD Control 

VSD for secondary chilled water loop 

Primary loop only w/ constant speed pump 

per chiller ton New 10 10 $210 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Chillers <150 tons (screw) - Advanced Efficiency 

0.58 kW/ton (full load) 0.790 kW/Ton (full load) Per installation New 1,309 20 $7,386 1

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Decrease Approach Temperature 

6 Deg F 10 Deg F per chiller ton New 11 8 $27 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 15 15 $171 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 360 10 $3,606 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.04 40 $9 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.11 10 $2 

Hospital Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 0.78 25 $30 

Hospital Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 577 15 $747 

Hospital Cooling Dx Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.57 15 $2 

Hospital Cooling Dx DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - 

Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency - 11.2 EER 

Per installation Existing 3,763 15 $3,198 1

Hospital Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side Economizer Air-Side Economizer No Economizer per DX ton Existing 86 10 $169 Hospital Cooling Dx DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics No DX Tune-Up / 

Diagnostics 

per installation Existing 432 4 $335 

Hospital Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.48 15 $2 

Hospital Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 93 5 $193 

Hospital Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 62 15 $171 

Hospital Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 93 5 $78 

Hospital Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.04 18 $0.22 

Hospital Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 1,471 10 $3,606 

Hospital Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.19 40 $9 

Hospital Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 1 13 $0.32 

Hospital Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.00 25 $1 

Hospital Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 1 20 $2 

Hospital Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 592 10 $136 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-45 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hospital Cooling Dx Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.24 7 $0.18 

Hospital Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 2 10 $150 

Hospital Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 3 25 $30 Hospital Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 2 25 $64 

Hospital Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 154 15 $399 

Hospital Cooling Dx DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - 

Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency - 11.2 EER 

Per installation New 1,047 15 $2,558 1

Hospital Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

New 0.12 15 $2 

Hospital Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 16 15 $171 

Hospital Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.01 18 $0.22 

Hospital Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 393 10 $3,606 

Hospital Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.05 40 $9 

Hospital Cooling Dx Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 3 30 $5 

Hospital Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 158 10 $136 

Hospital Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 0.85 25 $30 Hospital Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation Existing 10,170 15 $11,833 1

Hospital Heat Pump Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 578 15 $747 

Hospital Heat Pump Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.60 15 $2 

Hospital Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 183 5 $193 

Hospital Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 122 15 $171 

Hospital Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 183 5 $78 

Hospital Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.09 18 $0.22 

Hospital Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.27 14 $0.93 

Hospital Heat Pump Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 2,876 10 $3,606 

Hospital Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.19 40 $9 

Hospital Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation Existing 17,407 30 $12,483 

Hospital Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 3 13 $0.32 

Hospital Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.03 25 $0.49 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-46 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hospital Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.45 25 $1 

Hospital Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 2 20 $2 

Hospital Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-19 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 0.20 25 $0.93 

Hospital Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.08 25 $0.29 Hospital Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 1 25 $2 

Hospital Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 1,158 10 $136 

Hospital Heat Pump Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.46 7 $0.18 

Hospital Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 2 10 $150 

Hospital Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 2 25 $30 Hospital Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 3 25 $64 

Hospital Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation New 5,196 15 $9,466 1

Hospital Heat Pump Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 153 15 $399 

Hospital Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 54 15 $171 

Hospital Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.04 18 $0.22 

Hospital Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.17 14 $0.93 

Hospital Heat Pump Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 1,279 10 $3,606 

Hospital Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.05 40 $9 

Hospital Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation New 8,289 30 $61,597 

Hospital Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.02 25 $0.49 

Hospital Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.07 25 $0.29 Hospital Heat Pump Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 6 30 $5 

Hospital Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 515 10 $136 

Hospital Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 0.27 25 $30 Hospital Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

Existing 5,035 10 $581 

Hospital Hvac Aux Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.65 15 $2 

Hospital Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation Existing 1,899 18 $4,278 Hospital Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP Existing 53 15 $6 

Hospital Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP Existing 1,340 20 $110 

Hospital Hvac Aux Motor - VAV Box High Efficiency 

(ECM) 

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency Motor per installation Existing 136 15 $178 

Hospital Hvac Aux Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind per HP Existing 34 8 $4 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-47 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hospital Hvac Aux Optimized Variable Volume Lab 

Hood Design 

Optimized Variable Volume Lab Hood Design 

Constant Volume Lab Hood Design 

per installation Existing 1,488 13 $1,669 

Hospital Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

New 3,926 10 $581 

Hospital Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation New 1,899 18 $4,528 Hospital Hvac Aux Low Pressure Distribution 

Complex HVAC 

Low Pressure Distribution Complex HVAC 

VAV/CV per building sqft New 0.85 50 $2 

Hospital Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP New 41 15 $6 

Hospital Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP New 1,045 20 $110 

Hospital Hvac Aux Motor - VAV Box High Efficiency 

(ECM) 

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency Motor per installation New 106 15 $178 

Hospital Hvac Aux Optimized Variable Volume Lab 

Hood Design 

Optimized Variable Volume Lab Hood Design 

Constant Volume Lab Hood Design 

per installation New 1,160 15 $1,669 

Hospital Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.09 10 $0.02 

Hospital Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation Existing 53 8 $28 

Hospital Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation Existing 246 15 $336 

Hospital Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation Existing 5 14 $35 

Hospital Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.05 19 $0.07 

Hospital Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.09 10 $0.02 

Hospital Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation New 53 8 $28 

Hospital Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation New 246 15 $336 

Hospital Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation New 5 14 $35 

Hospital Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.05 19 $0.07 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

Existing 185 9 $110 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation Existing 194 5 $12 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.41 8 $0.98 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.92 8 $0.73 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - LED LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) CFL Exit Sign (9 Watts) per installation Existing 97 16 $16 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation Existing 35 13 $30 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

LED Refrigeration Case Lights LED Refrigeration Case Lights Fluorescent Refrigeration 

Case 

per installation Existing 259 8 $248 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Below Code Code Required LPD And Control 

Strategies 

Existing Lighting Design LPD 

per building sqft Existing 0.91 13 $0.34 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.33 13 $0.03 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.44 13 $0.08 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-48 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.56 13 $0.14 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.01 13 $0.01 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

Existing 666 8 $70 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

Existing 762 8 $201 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

New 116 9 $110 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation New 194 5 $12 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.25 8 $0.98 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.48 8 $0.73 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation New 35 13 $30 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

LED Refrigeration Case Lights LED Refrigeration Case Lights Fluorescent Refrigeration 

Case 

per installation New 259 8 $248 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.33 15 $0.00 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.44 15 $0.03 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.56 15 $0.08 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.01 15 $0.00 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

New 417 8 $70 

Hospital Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

New 762 8 $201 

Hospital Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation Existing 74 6 $161 

Hospital Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation Existing 79 6 $1 

Hospital Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation Existing 15 5 $16 

Hospital Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation Existing 139 5 $15 

Hospital Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation Existing 72 6 $0.00 

Hospital Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation New 74 6 $161 

Hospital Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation New 79 6 $1 

Hospital Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation New 15 5 $16 

Hospital Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation New 139 5 $15 

Hospital Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation New 72 6 $0.00 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation Existing 7 7 $2 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation Existing 368 10 $2 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-49 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice Maker Standard Ice Maker per installation Existing 428 10 $140 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

Existing 15 4 $0.41 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation Existing 81 12 $124 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator/Freezer Recycling 

Recycling Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

per installation Existing 1,517 9 $567 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

Residential-Size Refrigerator/Freezer - Early Replacement 

Energy Star Refrigerator/Freezer Baseline 

Refrigerator/Freezer 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 635 7 $567 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

Server Virtualization Server Virtualization No Virtualization number of 

virualizated servers 

Existing 2,291 4 $2,090 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 1,500 

sqft 

Existing 101 5 $22 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation Existing 243 14 $157 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Miser Passive Infrared Sensor on 

Vending Machine Monitoring Vacancy of Area And Cycles Cooling - Controls 

No Vending Miser - No controls 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 1,204 3 $175 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation New 7 7 $2 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation New 368 10 $2 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice Maker Standard Ice Maker per installation New 428 10 $140 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

New 15 4 $0.41 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation New 81 12 $124 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

Server Virtualization Server Virtualization No Virtualization number of 

virualizated servers 

New 2,291 4 $2,090 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 1,500 

sqft 

New 101 5 $22 

Hospital Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation New 243 14 $157 

Hospital Refrigeration Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls No Anti-Sweat 

(Humidistat) Controls 

1 unit per 1,000 sqft 

Existing 996 12 $79 

Hospital Refrigeration Case Electronically Commutated 

Motor 

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency Motor 1 unit per 

10,000 sqft 

Existing 1,036 12 $243 

Hospital Refrigeration Case Replacement Low Temp Case Replacement Low Temp No replacement per square foot Existing 0.01 15 $0.10 Hospital Refrigeration Case Replacement Med Temp Case Replacement Med Temp No replacement per square foot Existing 0.00 15 $0.05 Hospital Refrigeration Demand Control Defrost - Hot 

Gas 

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric per installation Existing 112 10 $61 

Hospital Refrigeration Glass Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Glass Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Glass Doors per installation Existing 2,597 12 $706 

Hospital Refrigeration Refrigeration Commissioning or 

Re-commissioning 

Commissioning / Re-commissioning No Commissioning / 

Re-commissioning 

per refrigeration ton 

Existing 831 3 $118 

Hospital Refrigeration Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Refrigerator Existing 60 10 $50 Hospital Refrigeration Solid Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Solid Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Solid Door per installation Existing 1,177 12 $157 

Hospital Refrigeration Standalone to Multiplex 

Compressor 

Standalone to Multiplex Compressor 

Standalone compressor per building sqft Existing 0.01 13 $0.00 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-50 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hospital Refrigeration Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins No Strip Curtains for 

Walk-In 

per installation Existing 173 4 $185 

Hospital Refrigeration Walk-In Electronically 

Commutated Motor 

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency Motor per installation Existing 0.01 12 $0.17 

Hospital Refrigeration Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls No Anti-Sweat 

(Humidistat) Controls 

1 unit per 1,000 sqft 

New 996 12 $79 

Hospital Refrigeration Case Electronically Commutated 

Motor 

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency Motor 1 unit per 

10,000 sqft 

New 1,036 12 $243 

Hospital Refrigeration Demand Control Defrost - Hot 

Gas 

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric per installation New 112 10 $61 

Hospital Refrigeration Glass Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Glass Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Glass Doors per installation New 2,597 12 $706 

Hospital Refrigeration Refrigeration Commissioning or 

Re-commissioning 

Commissioning / Re-commissioning No Commissioning / 

Re-commissioning 

per refrigeration ton 

New 467 3 $45 

Hospital Refrigeration Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Refrigerator New 60 10 $50 Hospital Refrigeration Solid Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Solid Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Solid Door per installation New 1,177 12 $157 

Hospital Refrigeration Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins No Strip Curtains for 

Walk-In 

per installation New 173 4 $185 

Hospital Refrigeration Walk-In Electronically 

Commutated Motor 

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency Motor per installation New 0.01 12 $0.17 

Hospital Space Heat Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 385 15 $747 

Hospital Space Heat Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.16 15 $2 

Hospital Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 62 5 $193 

Hospital Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 41 15 $171 

Hospital Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 62 5 $78 

Hospital Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.03 18 $0.22 

Hospital Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.19 14 $0.93 

Hospital Space Heat Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 983 10 $3,606 

Hospital Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 1 13 $0.32 

Hospital Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.03 25 $0.49 

Hospital Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.31 25 $1 

Hospital Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 0.68 20 $2 

Hospital Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-19 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 0.19 25 $0.93 

Hospital Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.08 25 $0.29 Hospital Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 1 25 $2 

Hospital Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 396 10 $136 

Hospital Space Heat Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.16 7 $0.18 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-51 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hospital Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 0.32 10 $2 

Hospital Space Heat Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.21 25 $64 

Hospital Space Heat Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 211 15 $399 

Hospital Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 22 15 $171 

Hospital Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.01 18 $0.22 

Hospital Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.10 14 $0.93 

Hospital Space Heat Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 539 10 $3,606 

Hospital Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.02 25 $0.49 

Hospital Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.04 25 $0.29 Hospital Space Heat Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 2 30 $5 

Hospital Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 217 10 $136 

Hospital Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.17 10 $2 

Hospital Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 3,538 10 $8,170 

Hospital Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 3,538 10 $8,170 

Hospital Water Heat Clothes Washer Commercial ENERGY STAR Commercial 

Clothes Washer MEF=1.80 

Standard Clothes Washers 

per installation Existing 550 11 $255 

Hospital Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft Existing 0.06 10 $0.27 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 7,127 10 $2,599 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 19,904 10 $3,740 

Hospital Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 322 25 $817 

Hospital Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 322 25 $817 

Hospital Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 732 15 $1,273 1

Hospital Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 13,490 15 $24,570 

Hospital Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 5 12 $2 

Hospital Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 5 12 $2 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-52 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 66 5 $5 

Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 66 5 $5 

Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation Existing 126 10 $30 Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation Existing 126 10 $30 Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM per installation Existing 506 10 $15 Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM per installation Existing 506 10 $15 Hospital Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 68 10 $142 

Hospital Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 68 10 $142 

Hospital Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

Existing 0.15 10 $0.88 

Hospital Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

Existing 0.15 10 $0.88 

Hospital Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation Existing 119 5 $95 

Hospital Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 3,597 10 $8,170 

Hospital Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 3,597 10 $8,170 

Hospital Water Heat Clothes Washer Commercial ENERGY STAR Commercial 

Clothes Washer MEF=1.80 

Standard Clothes Washers 

per installation New 553 11 $255 

Hospital Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft New 0.06 10 $0.27 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 7,160 10 $2,568 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 19,997 10 $3,696 

Hospital Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 328 25 $653 

Hospital Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 328 25 $653 

Hospital Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 766 15 $1,273 1

Hospital Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 14,116 15 $20,955 

Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 67 5 $5 

Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 67 5 $5 

Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation New 127 10 $30 Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation New 127 10 $30 Hospital Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 69 10 $142 

Hospital Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 69 10 $142 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-53 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hospital Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

New 0.15 10 $0.88 

Hospital Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

New 0.15 10 $0.88 

Hospital Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation New 121 5 $95 

Hotel Motel Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation Existing 137 4 $28 1

Hotel Motel Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation New 137 4 $28 1

Hotel Motel Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 12,036 12 $1,959 Hotel Motel Cooking Fryers - New CEE Efficient 

Electric Deep Fat Fryers 

15 inch width Deep Fryer CEE 2006 rating: 80% under heavy load, Less than 1000 watt at idle 

15 inch width standard electric deep fat fryers 

per installation Existing 1,041 12 $1,259 

Hotel Motel Cooking Griddle 70% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 2,324 12 $836 Hotel Motel Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 1,923 12 $2,012 Hotel Motel Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 1,923 12 $2,012 Hotel Motel Cooking Hot Food Holding Cabinet ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 4,035 12 $1,750 Hotel Motel Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 4,319 12 $2,569 Hotel Motel Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 12,036 12 $1,959 Hotel Motel Cooking Fryers - New CEE Efficient 

Electric Deep Fat Fryers 

15 inch width Deep Fryer CEE 2006 rating: 80% under heavy load, Less than 1000 watt at idle 

15 inch width standard electric deep fat fryers 

per installation New 1,041 12 $1,259 

Hotel Motel Cooking Griddle 70% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 2,324 12 $836 Hotel Motel Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 1,923 12 $2,012 Hotel Motel Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 1,923 12 $2,012 Hotel Motel Cooking Hot Food Holding Cabinet ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 4,035 12 $1,750 Hotel Motel Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 4,319 12 $2,569 Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 96 15 $747 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water / Condenser Water Settings-Optimization 

Additional Control Features EMS already installed - 

No Optimization 

1 control point per 1000 sqft 

Existing 20 5 $165 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water Piping Loop w/ VSD Control 

VSD for secondary chilled water loop 

Primary loop only w/ constant speed pump 

per chiller ton Existing 32 10 $210 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Chiller-Water Side Economizer Install Economizer No Economizer per chiller ton Existing 21 15 $483 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Chillers <150 tons (screw) - Advanced Efficiency 

0.58 kW/ton (full load) 0.790 kW/Ton (full load) Per installation Existing 4,177 20 $9,503 1

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Decrease Approach Temperature 

6 Deg F 10 Deg F per chiller ton Existing 34 8 $27 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

Cooling Tower-One-Speed Fan Motor 

per chiller ton Existing 60 15 $2 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-VSD Fan Control Variable-Speed Tower Fans 

replace Two-Speed 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

per chiller ton Existing 17 13 $19 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 78 5 $193 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 52 15 $171 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 78 5 $78 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-54 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 1,263 10 $3,606 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.16 40 $9 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 0.51 13 $0.31 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.01 25 $1 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Pipe Insulation 1.5" of Insulation, assuming R-6 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear feet of 

insulation 

Existing 4 15 $3 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.20 7 $0.18 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 0.40 10 $2 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 2 10 $150 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 1 25 $30 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 1 25 $64 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 30 15 $399 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water / Condenser Water Settings-Optimization 

Additional Control Features EMS already installed - 

No Optimization 

1 control point per 1000 sqft 

New 6 5 $165 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water Piping Loop w/ VSD Control 

VSD for secondary chilled water loop 

Primary loop only w/ constant speed pump 

per chiller ton New 11 10 $210 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Chillers <150 tons (screw) - Advanced Efficiency 

0.58 kW/ton (full load) 0.790 kW/Ton (full load) Per installation New 1,464 20 $7,603 1

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Decrease Approach Temperature 

6 Deg F 10 Deg F per chiller ton New 12 8 $27 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 16 15 $171 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 402 10 $3,606 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.05 40 $9 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.05 15 $0.98 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.12 10 $2 

Hotel Motel Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 0.41 25 $30 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 104 15 $747 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - 

Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency - 11.2 EER 

Per installation Existing 3,353 15 $3,292 1

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side Economizer Air-Side Economizer No Economizer per DX ton Existing 78 10 $169 Hotel Motel Cooling Dx DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics No DX Tune-Up / 

Diagnostics 

per installation Existing 391 4 $335 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.43 15 $2 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-55 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 84 5 $193 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 56 15 $171 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 84 5 $78 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.04 18 $0.22 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 1,371 10 $3,606 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.17 40 $9 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Hotel Key Card Room Energy 

Control System 

Key card system to control room HVAC and lighting during non-occupied periods 

325 sqft room, $100/room per room Existing 141 15 $139 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 0.55 13 $0.31 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.01 25 $1 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 0.93 20 $2 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 333 10 $137 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.21 7 $0.18 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 2 10 $150 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 1 25 $30 Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 1 25 $64 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 33 15 $399 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - 

Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency - 11.2 EER 

Per installation New 1,175 15 $2,634 1

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

New 0.13 15 $2 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 18 15 $171 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.01 18 $0.22 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 438 10 $3,606 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.05 40 $9 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Hotel Key Card Room Energy 

Control System 

Key card system to control room HVAC and lighting during non-occupied periods 

325 sqft room, $100/room per room New 45 15 $139 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 3 30 $5 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.05 15 $0.98 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 106 10 $137 

Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 0.44 25 $30 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-56 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation Existing 13,147 15 $12,181 1

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 100 15 $747 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 197 5 $193 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 131 15 $171 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 197 5 $78 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.10 18 $0.22 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.35 14 $0.93 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 3,184 10 $3,606 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.16 40 $9 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation Existing 20,503 30 $21,674 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Hotel Key Card Room Energy 

Control System 

Key card system to control room HVAC and lighting during non-occupied periods 

325 sqft room, $100/room per room Existing 328 15 $139 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 2 13 $0.31 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.07 25 $0.49 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.73 25 $1 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 2 20 $2 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 1 25 $0.93 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.18 25 $0.29 Hotel Motel Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 2 25 $2 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 773 10 $137 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.50 7 $0.18 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 2 10 $150 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 0.77 25 $30 Hotel Motel Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 1 25 $64 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation New 7,753 15 $9,745 1

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 33 15 $399 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 69 15 $171 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.05 18 $0.22 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-57 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.23 14 $0.93 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 1,695 10 $3,606 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.05 40 $9 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation New 12,088 30 $66,350 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Hotel Key Card Room Energy 

Control System 

Key card system to control room HVAC and lighting during non-occupied periods 

325 sqft room, $100/room per room New 174 15 $139 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.05 25 $0.49 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.14 25 $0.29 Hotel Motel Heat Pump Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 8 30 $5 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.21 15 $0.98 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 412 10 $137 

Hotel Motel Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 0.05 25 $30 Hotel Motel Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

Existing 3,055 10 $581 

Hotel Motel Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation Existing 1,909 18 $8,798 Hotel Motel Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP Existing 32 15 $6 

Hotel Motel Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP Existing 813 20 $110 

Hotel Motel Hvac Aux Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind per HP Existing 21 8 $4 Hotel Motel Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

New 1,902 10 $581 

Hotel Motel Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation New 1,909 18 $8,798 Hotel Motel Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP New 20 15 $6 

Hotel Motel Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP New 506 20 $110 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.09 10 $0.02 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation Existing 80 8 $28 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation Existing 247 15 $337 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation Existing 8 14 $36 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.05 19 $0.07 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.09 10 $0.02 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation New 80 8 $28 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation New 247 15 $337 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation New 8 14 $36 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.05 19 $0.07 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-58 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

Existing 117 9 $110 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation Existing 258 5 $13 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.41 8 $0.98 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.31 8 $0.73 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - LED LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) CFL Exit Sign (9 Watts) per installation Existing 98 16 $16 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation Existing 35 13 $30 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Below Code Code Required LPD And Control 

Strategies 

Existing Lighting Design LPD 

per building sqft Existing 0.67 13 $0.01 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.25 13 $0.00 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.34 13 $0.00 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.42 13 $0.00 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.00 13 $0.01 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

Existing 421 8 $70 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

Existing 765 8 $201 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

New 77 9 $110 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation New 258 5 $13 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.27 8 $0.98 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.20 8 $0.73 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation New 35 13 $30 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.25 15 $0.00 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.34 15 $0.00 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.42 15 $0.00 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.00 15 $0.00 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

New 278 8 $70 

Hotel Motel Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

New 765 8 $200 

Hotel Motel Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation Existing 74 6 $161 

Hotel Motel Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation Existing 79 6 $0.73 

Hotel Motel Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation Existing 15 5 $16 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-59 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hotel Motel Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation Existing 140 5 $14 

Hotel Motel Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation Existing 72 6 $1 

Hotel Motel Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation New 74 6 $161 

Hotel Motel Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation New 79 6 $0.73 

Hotel Motel Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation New 15 5 $16 

Hotel Motel Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation New 140 5 $14 

Hotel Motel Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation New 72 6 $1 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation Existing 7 7 $2 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation Existing 369 10 $0.00 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice Maker Standard Ice Maker per installation Existing 431 10 $142 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

Existing 6 4 $0.41 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation Existing 81 12 $122 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator/Freezer Recycling 

Recycling Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

per installation Existing 1,525 9 $566 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

Residential-Size Refrigerator/Freezer - Early Replacement 

Energy Star Refrigerator/Freezer Baseline 

Refrigerator/Freezer 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 549 7 $566 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 4,000 

sqft 

Existing 102 5 $22 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation Existing 244 14 $162 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Miser Passive Infrared Sensor on 

Vending Machine Monitoring Vacancy of Area And Cycles Cooling - Controls 

No Vending Miser - No controls 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 1,042 3 $174 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation New 7 7 $2 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation New 369 10 $0.00 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice Maker Standard Ice Maker per installation New 431 10 $142 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

New 6 4 $0.41 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation New 81 12 $122 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 4,000 

sqft 

New 102 5 $22 

Hotel Motel Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation New 244 14 $162 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 246 15 $747 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 200 5 $193 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 133 15 $171 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-60 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 200 5 $78 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.10 18 $0.22 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.61 14 $0.93 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 3,236 10 $3,606 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Hotel Key Card Room Energy 

Control System 

Key card system to control room HVAC and lighting during non-occupied periods 

325 sqft room, $100/room per room Existing 333 15 $139 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 2 13 $0.31 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.15 25 $0.49 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 1 25 $1 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 2 20 $2 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 2 25 $0.93 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.34 25 $0.29 Hotel Motel Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 3 25 $2 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 786 10 $137 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.51 7 $0.18 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 1 10 $2 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.19 25 $64 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 156 15 $399 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 84 15 $171 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.06 18 $0.22 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.39 14 $0.93 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 2,059 10 $3,606 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Hotel Key Card Room Energy 

Control System 

Key card system to control room HVAC and lighting during non-occupied periods 

325 sqft room, $100/room per room New 212 15 $139 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.09 25 $0.49 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.21 25 $0.29 Hotel Motel Space Heat Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 10 30 $5 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.26 15 $0.98 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 500 10 $137 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-61 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hotel Motel Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.65 10 $2 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 4,584 10 $8,171 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 4,584 10 $8,171 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Clothes Washer Commercial ENERGY STAR Commercial 

Clothes Washer MEF=1.80 

Standard Clothes Washers 

per installation Existing 553 11 $266 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft Existing 0.08 10 $0.27 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 7,164 10 $2,606 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 20,008 10 $3,735 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 440 25 $817 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 440 25 $817 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 943 15 $1,208 1

Hotel Motel Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 17,388 15 $23,298 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 6 12 $2 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 6 12 $2 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 67 5 $6 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 67 5 $6 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation Existing 161 10 $31 Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation Existing 161 10 $31 Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM per installation Existing 644 10 $17 Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM per installation Existing 644 10 $17 Hotel Motel Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 21 10 $142 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 21 10 $142 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation Existing 166 5 $95 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 4,656 10 $8,171 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 4,656 10 $8,171 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Clothes Washer Commercial ENERGY STAR Commercial 

Clothes Washer MEF=1.80 

Standard Clothes Washers 

per installation New 555 11 $266 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft New 0.08 10 $0.27 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-62 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 7,198 10 $2,606 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 20,102 10 $3,695 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 447 25 $653 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 447 25 $653 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 986 15 $1,208 1

Hotel Motel Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 18,174 15 $19,871 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 67 5 $6 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 67 5 $6 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation New 161 10 $31 Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation New 161 10 $31 Hotel Motel Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 21 10 $142 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 21 10 $142 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation New 169 5 $95 

Office Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation Existing 137 4 $28 1

Office Computers Network PC Power Management Network PC Power Management No Power Management 4.2 units per 

1,000 sqft 

Existing 2 5 $12 

Office Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation New 137 4 $28 1

Office Computers Network PC Power Management Network PC Power Management No Power Management 4.2 units per 

1,000 sqft 

New 2 5 $12 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 467 15 $747 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water / Condenser Water Settings-Optimization 

Additional Control Features EMS already installed - 

No Optimization 

1 control point per 1000 sqft 

Existing 19 5 $165 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water Piping Loop w/ VSD Control 

VSD for secondary chilled water loop 

Primary loop only w/ constant speed pump 

per chiller ton Existing 31 10 $210 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Chiller-Water Side Economizer Install Economizer No Economizer per chiller ton Existing 21 15 $483 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Chillers >300 tons (centrifugal) with VSD - Advanced Efficiency 

0.47 kW/ton w/VSD (full load) 0.576 kW/ton (full load) Per installation Existing 3,730 20 $6,161 1

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Convert Constant Volume Air System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.46 15 $2 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Decrease Approach Temperature 

6 Deg F 10 Deg F per chiller ton Existing 33 8 $27 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

Cooling Tower-One-Speed Fan Motor 

per chiller ton Existing 58 15 $2 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-VSD Fan Control Variable-Speed Tower Fans 

replace Two-Speed 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

per chiller ton Existing 16 13 $19 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-63 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 75 5 $193 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 50 15 $171 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 75 5 $78 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.15 40 $9 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 0.81 13 $0.31 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.00 25 $1 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Pipe Insulation 1.5" of Insulation, assuming R-6 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear feet of 

insulation 

Existing 4 15 $3 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.19 7 $0.18 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 0.38 10 $2 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 1 10 $150 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 2 25 $30 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.6 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 1 25 $64 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 175 15 $399 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water / Condenser Water Settings-Optimization 

Additional Control Features EMS already installed - 

No Optimization 

1 control point per 1000 sqft 

New 7 5 $165 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water Piping Loop w/ VSD Control 

VSD for secondary chilled water loop 

Primary loop only w/ constant speed pump 

per chiller ton New 13 10 $210 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Chillers >300 tons (centrifugal) with VSD - Advanced Efficiency 

0.47 kW/ton w/VSD (full load) 0.576 kW/ton (full load) Per installation New 1,475 20 $4,904 1

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Decrease Approach Temperature 

6 Deg F 10 Deg F per chiller ton New 14 8 $27 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 18 15 $171 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.05 40 $9 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.05 15 $0.98 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.14 10 $2 

Office Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 0.77 25 $30 

Office Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 508 15 $747 

Office Cooling Dx Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.50 15 $2 

Office Cooling Dx DX Package 240 to 760 kBTU/hr 

- Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 240 to 760 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 10.8 EER 

DX Package 240 to 760 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency 10.0 EER 

Per installation Existing 2,994 15 $7,395 1

Office Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side Economizer Air-Side Economizer No Economizer per DX ton Existing 76 10 $169 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-64 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Office Cooling Dx DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics No DX Tune-Up / 

Diagnostics 

per installation Existing 381 4 $335 

Office Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.42 15 $2 

Office Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 82 5 $193 

Office Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 55 15 $171 

Office Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 82 5 $78 

Office Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.04 18 $0.22 

Office Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.16 40 $9 

Office Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 0.88 13 $0.31 

Office Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.00 25 $1 

Office Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 0.90 20 $2 

Office Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 433 10 $137 

Office Cooling Dx Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.21 7 $0.18 

Office Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 1 10 $150 

Office Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 2 25 $30 Office Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.6 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 2 25 $64 

Office Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 191 15 $399 

Office Cooling Dx DX Package 240 to 760 kBTU/hr 

- Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 240 to 760 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 10.8 EER 

DX Package 240 to 760 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency 10.0 EER 

Per installation New 1,187 15 $5,916 1

Office Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

New 0.15 15 $2 

Office Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 20 15 $171 

Office Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.01 18 $0.22 

Office Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.06 40 $9 

Office Cooling Dx Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 3 30 $5 

Office Cooling Dx Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.06 15 $0.98 

Office Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 162 10 $137 

Office Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 0.84 25 $30 Office Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation Existing 9,805 15 $8,904 1

Office Heat Pump Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 508 15 $747 

Office Heat Pump Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.52 15 $2 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-65 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Office Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 159 5 $193 

Office Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 106 15 $171 

Office Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 159 5 $78 

Office Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.08 18 $0.22 

Office Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.23 14 $0.93 

Office Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.16 40 $9 

Office Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation Existing 17,030 30 $86,481 

Office Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 2 13 $0.31 

Office Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.03 25 $0.49 

Office Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.41 25 $1 

Office Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 1 20 $2 

Office Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 0.39 25 $0.93 

Office Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.07 25 $0.29 Office Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 0.86 25 $2 

Office Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 836 10 $137 

Office Heat Pump Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.40 7 $0.18 

Office Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 1 10 $150 

Office Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 1 25 $30 Office Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.6 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 1 25 $64 

Office Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation New 3,655 15 $7,122 1

Office Heat Pump Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 190 15 $399 

Office Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 46 15 $171 

Office Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.03 18 $0.22 

Office Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.11 14 $0.93 

Office Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.06 40 $9 

Office Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation New 7,774 30 $48,302 

Office Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.01 25 $0.49 

Office Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.04 25 $0.29 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-66 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Office Heat Pump Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 5 30 $5 

Office Heat Pump Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.14 15 $0.98 

Office Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 364 10 $137 

Office Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 0.52 25 $30 Office Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

Existing 1,448 10 $581 

Office Hvac Aux Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.18 15 $2 

Office Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP Existing 15 15 $6 

Office Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP Existing 385 20 $110 

Office Hvac Aux Motor - VAV Box High Efficiency 

(ECM) 

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency Motor per installation Existing 39 15 $178 

Office Hvac Aux Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind per HP Existing 10 8 $4 Office Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

New 1,219 10 $581 

Office Hvac Aux Low Pressure Distribution 

Complex HVAC 

Low Pressure Distribution Complex HVAC 

VAV/CV per building sqft New 0.94 50 $2 

Office Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP New 12 15 $6 

Office Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP New 324 20 $110 

Office Hvac Aux Motor - VAV Box High Efficiency 

(ECM) 

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency Motor per installation New 33 15 $178 

Office Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.09 10 $0.02 

Office Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation Existing 47 8 $28 

Office Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation Existing 248 15 $337 

Office Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation Existing 5 14 $35 

Office Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.05 19 $0.07 

Office Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.09 10 $0.02 

Office Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation New 47 8 $28 

Office Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation New 248 15 $337 

Office Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation New 5 14 $35 

Office Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.05 19 $0.07 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

Existing 154 9 $110 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation Existing 99 5 $12 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.96 8 $0.98 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.72 8 $0.73 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-67 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - LED LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) CFL Exit Sign (9 Watts) per installation Existing 98 16 $16 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation Existing 35 13 $30 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Below Code Code Required LPD And Control 

Strategies 

Existing Lighting Design LPD 

per building sqft Existing 1 13 $0.75 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.30 13 $0.09 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.41 13 $0.14 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.51 13 $0.24 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.02 13 $0.02 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

Existing 557 8 $70 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

Existing 764 8 $201 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

New 95 9 $110 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation New 99 5 $12 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.59 8 $0.98 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.44 8 $0.73 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation New 35 13 $30 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.30 15 $0.00 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.41 15 $0.05 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.51 15 $0.10 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.02 15 $0.00 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

New 343 8 $70 

Office Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

New 764 8 $201 

Office Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation Existing 75 6 $161 

Office Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation Existing 80 6 $1 

Office Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation Existing 15 5 $16 

Office Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation Existing 140 5 $15 

Office Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation Existing 73 6 $0.97 

Office Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation New 75 6 $161 

Office Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation New 80 6 $1 

Office Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation New 15 5 $16 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-68 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Office Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation New 140 5 $15 

Office Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation New 73 6 $0.97 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation Existing 7 7 $2 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation Existing 371 10 $1 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

Existing 4 4 $0.41 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation Existing 82 12 $124 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator/Freezer Recycling 

Recycling Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

per installation Existing 1,531 9 $566 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

Residential-Size Refrigerator/Freezer - Early Replacement 

Energy Star Refrigerator/Freezer Baseline 

Refrigerator/Freezer 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 557 7 $566 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

Server Virtualization Server Virtualization No Virtualization number of 

virualizated servers 

Existing 2,313 4 $2,096 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 500 

sqft 

Existing 102 5 $22 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation Existing 245 14 $159 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Miser Passive Infrared Sensor on 

Vending Machine Monitoring Vacancy of Area And Cycles Cooling - Controls 

No Vending Miser - No controls 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 1,057 3 $175 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation New 7 7 $2 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation New 371 10 $1 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

New 4 4 $0.41 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation New 82 12 $124 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

Server Virtualization Server Virtualization No Virtualization number of 

virualizated servers 

New 2,313 4 $2,096 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 500 

sqft 

New 102 5 $22 

Office Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation New 245 14 $159 

Office Space Heat Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 990 15 $747 

Office Space Heat Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.42 15 $2 

Office Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 160 5 $193 

Office Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 107 15 $171 

Office Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 160 5 $78 

Office Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.08 18 $0.22 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-69 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Office Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.49 14 $0.93 

Office Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 3 13 $0.31 

Office Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.10 25 $0.49 

Office Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.84 25 $1 

Office Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 1 20 $2 

Office Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 1 25 $0.93 

Office Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.21 25 $0.29 Office Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 2 25 $2 

Office Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 844 10 $137 

Office Space Heat Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.41 7 $0.18 

Office Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 0.82 10 $2 

Office Space Heat Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 204 15 $399 

Office Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 22 15 $171 

Office Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.01 18 $0.22 

Office Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.10 14 $0.93 

Office Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.02 25 $0.49 

Office Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.04 25 $0.29 Office Space Heat Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 2 30 $5 

Office Space Heat Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.06 15 $0.98 

Office Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 173 10 $137 

Office Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.17 10 $2 

Office Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft Existing 0.02 10 $0.27 

Office Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 

Office Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 

Office Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 583 25 $817 

Office Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 583 25 $817 

Office Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 226 15 $220 1

Office Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 4,168 15 $4,236 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-70 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Office Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 9 12 $2 

Office Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 9 12 $2 

Office Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation Existing 84 10 $30 Office Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation Existing 84 10 $30 Office Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM per installation Existing 339 10 $20 Office Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM per installation Existing 339 10 $20 Office Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 58 10 $142 

Office Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 58 10 $142 

Office Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation Existing 187 5 $95 

Office Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft New 0.02 10 $0.27 

Office Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 

Office Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 

Office Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 590 25 $654 

Office Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 590 25 $654 

Office Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 235 15 $220 1

Office Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 4,339 15 $3,612 

Office Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation New 85 10 $30 Office Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation New 85 10 $30 Office Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 59 10 $142 

Office Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 59 10 $142 

Office Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation New 189 5 $95 

Other Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation Existing 137 4 $29 1

Other Computers Network PC Power Management Network PC Power Management No Power Management 0.7 units per 

1,000 sqft 

Existing 5 5 $12 

Other Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation New 137 4 $29 1

Other Computers Network PC Power Management Network PC Power Management No Power Management 0.7 units per 

1,000 sqft 

New 5 5 $12 

Other Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 83 5 $193 

Other Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 83 5 $78 

Other Cooling 

Chillers 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 929 10 $3,606 1

Other Cooling 

Chillers 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 0.43 10 $2 

Other Cooling 

Chillers 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 424 10 $3,606 1
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-71 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Other Cooling 

Chillers 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.19 10 $2 

Other Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 561 15 $747 

Other Cooling Dx Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.56 15 $2 

Other Cooling Dx DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - 

Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency - 11.2 EER 

Per installation Existing 2,605 15 $2,540 1

Other Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side Economizer Air-Side Economizer No Economizer per DX ton Existing 74 10 $169 Other Cooling Dx DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics No DX Tune-Up / 

Diagnostics 

per installation Existing 374 4 $335 

Other Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.46 15 $2 

Other Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 91 5 $193 

Other Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 60 15 $171 

Other Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 91 5 $78 

Other Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.04 18 $0.22 

Other Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 1,011 10 $3,606 

Other Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.18 40 $9 

Other Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 1 13 $0.32 

Other Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.00 25 $1 

Other Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 1 20 $2 

Other Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 552 10 $137 

Other Cooling Dx Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.23 7 $0.18 

Other Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 2 10 $150 

Other Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 5 25 $30 Other Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 4 25 $64 

Other Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 257 15 $399 

Other Cooling Dx DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - 

Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency - 11.2 EER 

Per installation New 1,246 15 $2,032 1

Other Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

New 0.21 15 $2 

Other Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 27 15 $171 

Other Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.02 18 $0.22 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-72 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Other Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 463 10 $3,606 

Other Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.08 40 $9 

Other Cooling Dx Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 5 30 $5 

Other Cooling Dx Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.08 15 $0.98 

Other Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 253 10 $137 

Other Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 2 25 $30 Other Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation Existing 6,721 15 $9,397 1

Other Heat Pump Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 566 15 $747 

Other Heat Pump Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.50 15 $2 

Other Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 153 5 $193 

Other Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 102 15 $171 

Other Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 153 5 $78 

Other Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.07 18 $0.22 

Other Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.19 14 $0.93 

Other Heat Pump Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 1,704 10 $3,606 

Other Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.18 40 $9 

Other Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation Existing 11,368 30 $48,148 

Other Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 2 13 $0.32 

Other Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.01 25 $0.49 

Other Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.26 25 $1 

Other Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 1 20 $2 

Other Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 0.23 25 $0.93 

Other Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.03 25 $0.29 Other Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 0.54 25 $2 

Other Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 930 10 $137 

Other Heat Pump Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.39 7 $0.18 

Other Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 2 10 $150 

Other Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 4 25 $30 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-73 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Other Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 5 25 $64 

Other Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation New 3,221 15 $7,518 1

Other Heat Pump Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 256 15 $399 

Other Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 48 15 $171 

Other Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.03 18 $0.22 

Other Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.09 14 $0.93 

Other Heat Pump Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 808 10 $3,606 

Other Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.08 40 $9 

Other Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation New 5,834 30 $28,325 

Other Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.00 25 $0.49 

Other Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.01 25 $0.29 Other Heat Pump Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 5 30 $5 

Other Heat Pump Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.14 15 $0.98 

Other Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 441 10 $137 

Other Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 1 25 $30 Other Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

Existing 1,993 10 $581 

Other Hvac Aux Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.26 15 $2 

Other Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation Existing 1,903 18 $4,005 Other Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP Existing 21 15 $6 

Other Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP Existing 530 20 $110 

Other Hvac Aux Motor - VAV Box High Efficiency 

(ECM) 

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency Motor per installation Existing 54 15 $178 

Other Hvac Aux Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind per HP Existing 13 8 $4 Other Hvac Aux Optimized Variable Volume Lab 

Hood Design 

Optimized Variable Volume Lab Hood Design 

Constant Volume Lab Hood Design 

per installation Existing 416 13 $1,669 

Other Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

New 1,642 10 $581 

Other Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation New 1,903 18 $4,022 Other Hvac Aux Low Pressure Distribution 

Complex HVAC 

Low Pressure Distribution Complex HVAC 

VAV/CV per building sqft New 0.85 50 $2 

Other Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP New 17 15 $6 

Other Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP New 437 20 $110 

Other Hvac Aux Motor - VAV Box High Efficiency 

(ECM) 

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency Motor per installation New 44 15 $178 

Other Hvac Aux Optimized Variable Volume Lab 

Hood Design 

Optimized Variable Volume Lab Hood Design 

Constant Volume Lab Hood Design 

per installation New 342 15 $1,669 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-74 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Other Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.09 10 $0.02 

Other Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation Existing 82 8 $28 

Other Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation Existing 247 15 $336 

Other Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation Existing 9 14 $35 

Other Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.05 19 $0.07 

Other Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.09 10 $0.02 

Other Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation New 82 8 $28 

Other Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation New 247 15 $336 

Other Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation New 9 14 $35 

Other Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.05 19 $0.07 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

Existing 111 9 $110 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation Existing 112 5 $12 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.47 8 $0.98 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.35 8 $0.73 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - LED LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) CFL Exit Sign (9 Watts) per installation Existing 97 16 $16 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation Existing 35 13 $30 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

LED Refrigeration Case Lights LED Refrigeration Case Lights Fluorescent Refrigeration 

Case 

per installation Existing 150 8 $249 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Below Code Code Required LPD And Control 

Strategies 

Existing Lighting Design LPD 

per building sqft Existing 0.43 13 $0.31 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.18 13 $0.04 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.25 13 $0.10 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.31 13 $0.21 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.14 13 $0.21 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

Existing 400 8 $70 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

Existing 758 8 $201 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

New 79 9 $110 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation New 112 5 $13 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.33 8 $0.98 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-75 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.25 8 $0.73 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation New 35 13 $30 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

LED Refrigeration Case Lights LED Refrigeration Case Lights Fluorescent Refrigeration 

Case 

per installation New 150 8 $249 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.18 15 $0.02 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.25 15 $0.05 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.31 15 $0.10 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.14 15 $0.05 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

New 284 8 $70 

Other Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

New 758 8 $201 

Other Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation Existing 74 6 $162 

Other Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation Existing 79 6 $0.00 

Other Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation Existing 15 5 $16 

Other Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation Existing 139 5 $14 

Other Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation Existing 72 6 $0.00 

Other Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation New 74 6 $162 

Other Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation New 79 6 $0.00 

Other Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation New 15 5 $16 

Other Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation New 139 5 $14 

Other Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation New 72 6 $0.00 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation Existing 7 7 $2 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation Existing 368 10 $0.00 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

Existing 6 4 $0.41 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation Existing 81 12 $123 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator/Freezer Recycling 

Recycling Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

per installation Existing 1,520 9 $566 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

Residential-Size Refrigerator/Freezer - Early Replacement 

Energy Star Refrigerator/Freezer Baseline 

Refrigerator/Freezer 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 931 7 $566 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

Server Virtualization Server Virtualization No Virtualization number of 

virualizated servers 

Existing 2,296 4 $2,094 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 5,000 

sqft 

Existing 102 5 $22 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-76 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation Existing 243 14 $160 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Miser Passive Infrared Sensor on 

Vending Machine Monitoring Vacancy of Area And Cycles Cooling - Controls 

No Vending Miser - No controls 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 1,765 3 $175 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation New 7 7 $2 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation New 368 10 $0.00 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

New 6 4 $0.41 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation New 81 12 $123 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

Server Virtualization Server Virtualization No Virtualization number of 

virualizated servers 

New 2,296 4 $2,094 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 5,000 

sqft 

New 102 5 $22 

Other Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation New 243 14 $160 

Other Refrigeration Case Electronically Commutated 

Motor 

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency Motor 1 unit per 

10,000 sqft 

Existing 1,039 12 $243 

Other Refrigeration Case Replacement Low Temp Case Replacement Low Temp No replacement per square foot Existing 0.01 15 $0.10 Other Refrigeration Case Replacement Med Temp Case Replacement Med Temp No replacement per square foot Existing 0.00 15 $0.05 Other Refrigeration Night Covers for Display Cases Night Covers for Display Cases No Night Covers per installation Existing 411 5 $71 Other Refrigeration Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Refrigerator Existing 23 10 $50 Other Refrigeration Standalone to Multiplex 

Compressor 

Standalone to Multiplex Compressor 

Standalone compressor per building sqft Existing 0.00 13 $0.00 

Other Refrigeration Walk-In Electronically 

Commutated Motor 

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency Motor per installation Existing 0.00 12 $0.17 

Other Refrigeration Case Electronically Commutated 

Motor 

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency Motor 1 unit per 

10,000 sqft 

New 1,039 12 $243 

Other Refrigeration Night Covers for Display Cases Night Covers for Display Cases No Night Covers per installation New 411 5 $69 Other Refrigeration Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Refrigerator New 23 10 $50 Other Refrigeration Walk-In Electronically 

Commutated Motor 

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency Motor per installation New 0.00 12 $0.17 

Other Space Heat Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 800 15 $747 

Other Space Heat Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.34 15 $2 

Other Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 130 5 $193 

Other Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 86 15 $171 

Other Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 130 5 $78 

Other Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.06 18 $0.22 

Other Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.40 14 $0.93 

Other Space Heat Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 1,441 10 $3,606 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-77 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Other Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 4 13 $0.32 

Other Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.06 25 $0.49 

Other Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.54 25 $1 

Other Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 1 20 $2 

Other Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 1 25 $0.93 

Other Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.13 25 $0.29 Other Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 2 25 $2 

Other Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 787 10 $137 

Other Space Heat Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.33 7 $0.18 

Other Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 0.66 10 $2 

Other Space Heat Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.47 25 $64 

Other Space Heat Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 169 15 $399 

Other Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 18 15 $171 

Other Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.01 18 $0.22 

Other Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.08 14 $0.93 

Other Space Heat Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 305 10 $3,606 

Other Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.01 25 $0.49 

Other Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.02 25 $0.29 Other Space Heat Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 2 30 $5 

Other Space Heat Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.05 15 $0.98 

Other Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 166 10 $137 

Other Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.14 10 $2 

Other Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 679 10 $8,169 

Other Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 679 10 $8,169 

Other Water Heat Clothes Washer Commercial ENERGY STAR Commercial 

Clothes Washer MEF=1.80 

Standard Clothes Washers 

per installation Existing 551 11 $254 

Other Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft Existing 0.01 10 $0.27 

Other Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-78 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Other Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 

Other Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 7,142 10 $2,307 

Other Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 19,948 10 $3,461 

Other Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 326 25 $817 

Other Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 326 25 $817 

Other Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 140 15 $242 1

Other Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 2,586 15 $4,659 

Other Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 5 12 $2 

Other Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 5 12 $2 

Other Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 67 5 $4 

Other Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 67 5 $4 

Other Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation Existing 84 10 $30 Other Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation Existing 84 10 $30 Other Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM per installation Existing 337 10 $20 Other Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM per installation Existing 337 10 $20 Other Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 46 10 $142 

Other Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 46 10 $142 

Other Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

Existing 0.04 10 $0.88 

Other Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

Existing 0.04 10 $0.88 

Other Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation Existing 115 5 $95 

Other Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 685 10 $8,169 

Other Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 685 10 $8,169 

Other Water Heat Clothes Washer Commercial ENERGY STAR Commercial 

Clothes Washer MEF=1.80 

Standard Clothes Washers 

per installation New 554 11 $254 

Other Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft New 0.01 10 $0.27 

Other Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 

Other Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 

Other Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 7,176 10 $2,300 

Other Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 20,042 10 $3,450 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-79 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Other Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 329 25 $654 

Other Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 329 25 $654 

Other Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 145 15 $242 1

Other Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 2,682 15 $3,974 

Other Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 67 5 $4 

Other Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 67 5 $4 

Other Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation New 84 10 $30 Other Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation New 84 10 $30 Other Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 47 10 $142 

Other Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 47 10 $142 

Other Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

New 0.04 10 $0.88 

Other Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

New 0.04 10 $0.88 

Other Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation New 116 5 $95 

Restaurant Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation Existing 137 4 $28 1

Restaurant Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation New 137 4 $28 1

Restaurant Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 11,989 12 $1,908 Restaurant Cooking Fryers - New CEE Efficient 

Electric Deep Fat Fryers 

15 inch width Deep Fryer CEE 2006 rating: 80% under heavy load, Less than 1000 watt at idle 

15 inch width standard electric deep fat fryers 

per installation Existing 1,037 12 $1,309 

Restaurant Cooking Griddle 70% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 2,314 12 $824 Restaurant Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 1,915 12 $2,035 Restaurant Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 1,915 12 $2,035 Restaurant Cooking Hot Food Holding Cabinet ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 4,019 12 $1,765 Restaurant Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 4,302 12 $2,565 Restaurant Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 11,989 12 $1,908 Restaurant Cooking Fryers - New CEE Efficient 

Electric Deep Fat Fryers 

15 inch width Deep Fryer CEE 2006 rating: 80% under heavy load, Less than 1000 watt at idle 

15 inch width standard electric deep fat fryers 

per installation New 1,037 12 $1,309 

Restaurant Cooking Griddle 70% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 2,314 12 $824 Restaurant Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 1,915 12 $2,035 Restaurant Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 1,915 12 $2,035 Restaurant Cooking Hot Food Holding Cabinet ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 4,019 12 $1,765 Restaurant Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 4,302 12 $2,565 Restaurant Cooling Dx DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - 

Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency - 11.2 EER 

Per installation Existing 1,686 15 $1,316 1

Restaurant Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side Economizer Air-Side Economizer No Economizer per DX ton Existing 94 10 $169 Restaurant Cooling Dx DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics No DX Tune-Up / 

Diagnostics 

per installation Existing 471 4 $335 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

Existing 1 15 $2 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-80 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 204 5 $193 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 204 5 $78 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.10 18 $0.22 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 660 10 $3,606 1

Restaurant Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.41 40 $9 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 1 13 $0.31 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.01 25 $1 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 2 20 $2 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 347 10 $137 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.52 7 $0.18 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 1 10 $150 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 4 25 $30 Restaurant Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 3 25 $64 

Restaurant Cooling Dx DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - 

Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency - 11.2 EER 

Per installation New 682 15 $1,053 1

Restaurant Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

New 0.40 15 $2 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.04 18 $0.22 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 253 10 $3,606 1

Restaurant Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.16 40 $9 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 9 30 $5 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.16 15 $0.98 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 133 10 $137 

Restaurant Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 1 25 $30 Restaurant Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation Existing 2,978 15 $4,873 1

Restaurant Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 248 5 $193 

Restaurant Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 248 5 $78 

Restaurant Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.12 18 $0.22 

Restaurant Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.12 14 $1 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-81 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Restaurant Heat Pump Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 802 10 $3,606 1

Restaurant Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.42 40 $9 

Restaurant Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation Existing 5,551 30 $28,670 

Restaurant Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 1 13 $0.31 

Restaurant Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.00 25 $0.49 

Restaurant Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.19 25 $1 

Restaurant Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 2 20 $2 

Restaurant Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 0.02 25 $0.93 

Restaurant Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.00 25 $0.29 Restaurant Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 0.09 25 $2 

Restaurant Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 422 10 $137 

Restaurant Heat Pump Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.63 7 $0.18 

Restaurant Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 1 10 $150 

Restaurant Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 4 25 $30 Restaurant Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 3 25 $64 

Restaurant Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation New 2,227 15 $3,898 1

Restaurant Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.05 18 $0.22 

Restaurant Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.09 14 $1 

Restaurant Heat Pump Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 354 10 $3,606 1

Restaurant Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.15 40 $9 

Restaurant Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation New 3,356 30 $66,539 

Restaurant Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.00 25 $0.49 

Restaurant Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.01 25 $0.29 Restaurant Heat Pump Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 8 30 $5 

Restaurant Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 186 10 $137 

Restaurant Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 1 25 $30 Restaurant Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

Existing 3,348 10 $581 

Restaurant Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation Existing 1,901 18 $6,284 Restaurant Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP Existing 35 15 $6 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-82 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Restaurant Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP Existing 891 20 $110 

Restaurant Hvac Aux Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind per HP Existing 23 8 $4 Restaurant Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

New 2,668 10 $581 

Restaurant Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation New 1,901 18 $6,284 Restaurant Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP New 28 15 $6 

Restaurant Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP New 710 20 $110 

Restaurant Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.09 10 $0.02 

Restaurant Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation Existing 86 8 $28 

Restaurant Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation Existing 246 15 $336 

Restaurant Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation Existing 9 14 $35 

Restaurant Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.05 19 $0.07 

Restaurant Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.09 10 $0.02 

Restaurant Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation New 86 8 $28 

Restaurant Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation New 246 15 $336 

Restaurant Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation New 9 14 $35 

Restaurant Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.05 19 $0.07 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

Existing 229 9 $110 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation Existing 147 5 $12 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.29 8 $0.98 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.11 8 $0.73 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - LED LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) CFL Exit Sign (9 Watts) per installation Existing 96 16 $16 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation Existing 35 13 $30 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

LED Refrigeration Case Lights LED Refrigeration Case Lights Fluorescent Refrigeration 

Case 

per installation Existing 197 8 $249 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Below Code Code Required LPD And Control 

Strategies 

Existing Lighting Design LPD 

per building sqft Existing 0.83 13 $0.01 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.39 13 $0.00 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.52 13 $0.01 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.65 13 $0.01 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.04 13 $0.04 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

Existing 826 8 $70 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-83 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

Existing 753 8 $201 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

New 130 9 $110 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation New 147 5 $13 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.16 8 $0.98 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.06 8 $0.73 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation New 35 13 $30 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

LED Refrigeration Case Lights LED Refrigeration Case Lights Fluorescent Refrigeration 

Case 

per installation New 197 8 $249 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.35 15 $0.00 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.47 15 $0.00 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.59 15 $0.01 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.04 15 $0.01 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

New 468 8 $70 

Restaurant Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

New 753 8 $200 

Restaurant Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation Existing 74 6 $165 

Restaurant Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation Existing 79 6 $5 

Restaurant Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation Existing 15 5 $16 

Restaurant Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation Existing 139 5 $15 

Restaurant Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation Existing 72 6 $0.00 

Restaurant Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation New 74 6 $165 

Restaurant Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation New 79 6 $5 

Restaurant Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation New 15 5 $16 

Restaurant Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation New 139 5 $15 

Restaurant Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation New 72 6 $0.00 

Restaurant Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation Existing 7 7 $2 

Restaurant Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation Existing 368 10 $0.81 

Restaurant Other Plug 

Load 

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice Maker Standard Ice Maker per installation Existing 429 10 $142 

Restaurant Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

Existing 8 4 $0.41 

Restaurant Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation Existing 81 12 $123 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-84 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Restaurant Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator/Freezer Recycling 

Recycling Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

per installation Existing 1,519 9 $566 

Restaurant Other Plug 

Load 

Residential-Size Refrigerator/Freezer - Early Replacement 

Energy Star Refrigerator/Freezer Baseline 

Refrigerator/Freezer 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 443 7 $566 

Restaurant Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 5,000 

sqft 

Existing 101 5 $22 

Restaurant Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Miser Passive Infrared Sensor on 

Vending Machine Monitoring Vacancy of Area And Cycles Cooling - Controls 

No Vending Miser - No controls 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 840 3 $175 

Restaurant Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation New 7 7 $2 

Restaurant Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation New 368 10 $0.81 

Restaurant Other Plug 

Load 

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice Maker Standard Ice Maker per installation New 429 10 $142 

Restaurant Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

New 8 4 $0.41 

Restaurant Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation New 81 12 $123 

Restaurant Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 5,000 

sqft 

New 101 5 $22 

Restaurant Refrigeration Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls No Anti-Sweat 

(Humidistat) Controls 

1 unit per 1,000 sqft 

Existing 997 12 $82 

Restaurant Refrigeration Case Electronically Commutated 

Motor 

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency Motor 1 unit per 5,000 

sqft 

Existing 1,038 12 $243 

Restaurant Refrigeration Case Replacement Low Temp Case Replacement Low Temp No replacement per square foot Existing 0.04 15 $0.10 Restaurant Refrigeration Case Replacement Med Temp Case Replacement Med Temp No replacement per square foot Existing 0.00 15 $0.05 Restaurant Refrigeration Demand Control Defrost - Hot 

Gas 

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric per installation Existing 255 10 $12 

Restaurant Refrigeration Glass Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Glass Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Glass Doors per installation Existing 2,600 12 $726 

Restaurant Refrigeration High-Efficiency Compressor High-Efficiency Compressor (15% 

More Efficient) 

Standard Compressor, 40% Efficiency 

Per Unit. Ea. Compressor 

Existing 179 10 $726 

Restaurant Refrigeration Night Covers for Display Cases Night Covers for Display Cases No Night Covers per installation Existing 411 5 $65 Restaurant Refrigeration Refrigeration Commissioning or 

Re-commissioning 

Commissioning / Re-commissioning No Commissioning / 

Re-commissioning 

per refrigeration ton 

Existing 832 3 $119 

Restaurant Refrigeration Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Refrigerator Existing 178 10 $50 Restaurant Refrigeration Solid Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Solid Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Solid Door per installation Existing 1,179 12 $191 

Restaurant Refrigeration Standalone to Multiplex 

Compressor 

Standalone to Multiplex Compressor 

Standalone compressor per building sqft Existing 0.15 13 $0.02 

Restaurant Refrigeration Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins No Strip Curtains for 

Walk-In 

per installation Existing 392 4 $185 

Restaurant Refrigeration Walk-In Electronically 

Commutated Motor 

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency Motor per installation Existing 0.21 12 $0.17 

Restaurant Refrigeration Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls No Anti-Sweat 

(Humidistat) Controls 

1 unit per 1,000 sqft 

New 997 12 $82 

Restaurant Refrigeration Case Electronically Commutated 

Motor 

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency Motor 1 unit per 5,000 

sqft 

New 1,038 12 $243 

Restaurant Refrigeration Demand Control Defrost - Hot 

Gas 

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric per installation New 255 10 $12 

Restaurant Refrigeration Glass Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Glass Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Glass Doors per installation New 2,600 12 $726 

Restaurant Refrigeration High-Efficiency Compressor High-Efficiency Compressor (15% 

More Efficient) 

Standard Compressor, 40% Efficiency 

Per Unit. Ea. Compressor 

New 77 10 $726 

Restaurant Refrigeration Night Covers for Display Cases Night Covers for Display Cases No Night Covers per installation New 411 5 $65 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-85 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Restaurant Refrigeration Refrigeration Commissioning or 

Re-commissioning 

Commissioning / Re-commissioning No Commissioning / 

Re-commissioning 

per refrigeration ton 

New 467 3 $46 

Restaurant Refrigeration Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Refrigerator New 178 10 $50 Restaurant Refrigeration Solid Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Solid Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Solid Door per installation New 1,179 12 $191 

Restaurant Refrigeration Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins No Strip Curtains for 

Walk-In 

per installation New 392 4 $185 

Restaurant Refrigeration Walk-In Electronically 

Commutated Motor 

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency Motor per installation New 0.21 12 $0.17 

Restaurant Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 67 5 $193 

Restaurant Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 67 5 $78 

Restaurant Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.03 18 $0.22 

Restaurant Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.20 14 $1 

Restaurant Space Heat Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 217 10 $3,606 1

Restaurant Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 1 13 $0.31 

Restaurant Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.03 25 $0.49 

Restaurant Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.29 25 $1 

Restaurant Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 0.73 20 $2 

Restaurant Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 0.39 25 $0.93 

Restaurant Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.07 25 $0.29 Restaurant Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 0.68 25 $2 

Restaurant Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 114 10 $137 

Restaurant Space Heat Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.17 7 $0.18 

Restaurant Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 0.34 10 $2 

Restaurant Space Heat Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.08 25 $64 

Restaurant Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.00 18 $0.22 

Restaurant Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.04 14 $1 

Restaurant Space Heat Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 49 10 $3,606 1

Restaurant Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.00 25 $0.49 

Restaurant Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.01 25 $0.29 Restaurant Space Heat Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 1 30 $5 

Restaurant Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 26 10 $137 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-86 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Restaurant Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.07 10 $2 

Restaurant Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft Existing 0.43 10 $0.27 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 7,136 10 $2,601 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 19,929 10 $3,709 

Restaurant Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 2,723 25 $817 

Restaurant Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 2,723 25 $817 

Restaurant Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 957 15 $197 1

Restaurant Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 17,648 15 $3,812 

Restaurant Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 38 12 $2 

Restaurant Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 38 12 $2 

Restaurant Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 911 5 $5 

Restaurant Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 911 5 $5 

Restaurant Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 383 10 $142 

Restaurant Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 383 10 $142 

Restaurant Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

Existing 0.70 10 $0.88 

Restaurant Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

Existing 0.70 10 $0.88 

Restaurant Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation Existing 785 5 $95 

Restaurant Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft New 0.43 10 $0.27 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 7,169 10 $2,601 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 20,023 10 $3,709 

Restaurant Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 2,706 25 $653 

Restaurant Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 2,706 25 $653 

Restaurant Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 979 15 $197 1
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-87 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Restaurant Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 18,043 15 $3,251 

Restaurant Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 915 5 $5 

Restaurant Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 915 5 $5 

Restaurant Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 380 10 $142 

Restaurant Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 380 10 $142 

Restaurant Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

New 0.69 10 $0.88 

Restaurant Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

New 0.69 10 $0.88 

Restaurant Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation New 780 5 $95 

School Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation Existing 137 4 $27 1

School Computers Network PC Power Management Network PC Power Management No Power Management 0.7 units per 

1,000 sqft 

Existing 11 5 $12 

School Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation New 137 4 $27 1

School Computers Network PC Power Management Network PC Power Management No Power Management 0.7 units per 

1,000 sqft 

New 11 5 $12 

School Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 11,989 12 $1,839 School Cooking Fryers - New CEE Efficient 

Electric Deep Fat Fryers 

15 inch width Deep Fryer CEE 2006 rating: 80% under heavy load, Less than 1000 watt at idle 

15 inch width standard electric deep fat fryers 

per installation Existing 447 12 $1,839 

School Cooking Griddle 70% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 2,314 12 $944 School Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 1,915 12 $2,124 School Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 1,915 12 $2,124 School Cooking Hot Food Holding Cabinet ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 4,019 12 $1,888 School Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 4,302 12 $2,478 School Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 11,989 12 $1,839 School Cooking Fryers - New CEE Efficient 

Electric Deep Fat Fryers 

15 inch width Deep Fryer CEE 2006 rating: 80% under heavy load, Less than 1000 watt at idle 

15 inch width standard electric deep fat fryers 

per installation New 447 12 $1,839 

School Cooking Griddle 70% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 2,314 12 $944 School Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 1,915 12 $2,124 School Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 1,915 12 $2,124 School Cooking Hot Food Holding Cabinet ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 4,019 12 $1,888 School Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 4,302 12 $2,478 School Cooling 

Chillers 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 98 15 $747 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water / Condenser Water Settings-Optimization 

Additional Control Features EMS already installed - 

No Optimization 

1 control point per 1000 sqft 

Existing 4 5 $165 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water Piping Loop w/ VSD Control 

VSD for secondary chilled water loop 

Primary loop only w/ constant speed pump 

per chiller ton Existing 5 10 $210 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Chiller-Water Side Economizer Install Economizer No Economizer per chiller ton Existing 3 15 $483 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Chillers 150-300 tons (screw) - Advanced Efficiency 

0.50 kW/ton (full load) 0.680 kW/Ton (full load) Per installation Existing 2,596 20 $21,436 1

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Convert Constant Volume Air System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.09 15 $2 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-88 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Decrease Approach Temperature 

6 Deg F 10 Deg F per chiller ton Existing 5 8 $27 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

Cooling Tower-One-Speed Fan Motor 

per chiller ton Existing 9 15 $2 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-VSD Fan Control Variable-Speed Tower Fans 

replace Two-Speed 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

per chiller ton Existing 2 13 $19 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 15 5 $193 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 10 15 $171 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 15 5 $78 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 788 10 $3,604 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.03 40 $9 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 0.21 13 $0.31 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.00 25 $1 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Pipe Insulation 1.5" of Insulation, assuming R-6 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear feet of 

insulation 

Existing 0.98 15 $3 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.04 7 $0.18 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 0.08 10 $2 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 1 10 $150 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 0.53 25 $30 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.45 25 $64 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 47 15 $399 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water / Condenser Water Settings-Optimization 

Additional Control Features EMS already installed - 

No Optimization 

1 control point per 1000 sqft 

New 1 5 $165 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water Piping Loop w/ VSD Control 

VSD for secondary chilled water loop 

Primary loop only w/ constant speed pump 

per chiller ton New 2 10 $210 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Chillers 150-300 tons (screw) - Advanced Efficiency 

0.50 kW/ton (full load) 0.680 kW/Ton (full load) Per installation New 1,263 20 $17,148 1

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Decrease Approach Temperature 

6 Deg F 10 Deg F per chiller ton New 2 8 $27 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 5 15 $171 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 377 10 $3,604 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.01 40 $9 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.01 15 $0.98 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-89 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.03 10 $2 

School Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 0.25 25 $30 

School Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 106 15 $747 

School Cooling Dx Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.10 15 $2 

School Cooling Dx DX Package 135 to 240 kBTU/hr 

- Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 135 to 240 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 135 to 240 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency 11.0 EER 

Per installation Existing 2,084 15 $9,949 1

School Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side Economizer Air-Side Economizer No Economizer per DX ton Existing 11 10 $169 School Cooling Dx DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics No DX Tune-Up / 

Diagnostics 

per installation Existing 59 4 $335 

School Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.08 15 $2 

School Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 17 5 $193 

School Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 11 15 $171 

School Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 17 5 $78 

School Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.00 18 $0.22 

School Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 855 10 $3,604 

School Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.03 40 $9 

School Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 0.22 13 $0.31 

School Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.00 25 $1 

School Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 0.19 20 $2 

School Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 497 10 $134 

School Cooling Dx Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.04 7 $0.18 

School Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 1 10 $150 

School Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 0.57 25 $30 School Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.49 25 $64 

School Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 51 15 $399 

School Cooling Dx DX Package 135 to 240 kBTU/hr 

- Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 135 to 240 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 135 to 240 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency 11.0 EER 

Per installation New 956 15 $7,964 1

School Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

New 0.04 15 $2 

School Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 5 15 $171 

School Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.00 18 $0.22 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-90 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

School Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 412 10 $3,604 

School Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.01 40 $9 

School Cooling Dx Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 1 30 $5 

School Cooling Dx Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.01 15 $0.98 

School Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 239 10 $134 

School Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 0.27 25 $30 School Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation Existing 22,843 15 $40,977 1

School Heat Pump Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 103 15 $747 

School Heat Pump Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.45 15 $2 

School Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 137 5 $193 

School Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 91 15 $171 

School Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 137 5 $78 

School Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.07 18 $0.22 

School Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.37 14 $0.93 

School Heat Pump Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 6,805 10 $3,604 

School Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.03 40 $9 

School Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation Existing 31,775 30 $18,430 

School Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 4 13 $0.31 

School Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.05 25 $0.49 

School Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.67 25 $1 

School Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 1 20 $2 

School Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 0.70 25 $0.93 

School Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.13 25 $0.29 School Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 3 25 $2 

School Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 3,956 10 $134 

School Heat Pump Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.35 7 $0.18 

School Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 1 10 $150 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-91 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

School Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.95 25 $64 

School Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation New 11,243 15 $32,780 1

School Heat Pump Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 51 15 $399 

School Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 40 15 $171 

School Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.03 18 $0.22 

School Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.16 14 $0.93 

School Heat Pump Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 2,988 10 $3,604 

School Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.01 40 $9 

School Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation New 16,434 30 $82,509 

School Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.02 25 $0.49 

School Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.05 25 $0.29 School Heat Pump Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 4 30 $5 

School Heat Pump Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.12 15 $0.98 

School Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 1,737 10 $134 

School Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

Existing 1,243 10 $581 

School Hvac Aux Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.16 15 $2 

School Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation Existing 1,901 18 $4,529 School Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP Existing 13 15 $6 

School Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP Existing 330 20 $110 

School Hvac Aux Motor - VAV Box High Efficiency 

(ECM) 

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency Motor per installation Existing 33 15 $178 

School Hvac Aux Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind per HP Existing 8 8 $4 School Hvac Aux Optimized Variable Volume Lab 

Hood Design 

Optimized Variable Volume Lab Hood Design 

Constant Volume Lab Hood Design 

per installation Existing 1,156 13 $1,664 

School Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

New 837 10 $581 

School Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation New 1,901 18 $4,529 School Hvac Aux Low Pressure Distribution 

Complex HVAC 

Low Pressure Distribution Complex HVAC 

VAV/CV per building sqft New 0.40 50 $2 

School Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP New 8 15 $6 

School Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP New 222 20 $110 

School Hvac Aux Motor - VAV Box High Efficiency 

(ECM) 

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency Motor per installation New 22 15 $178 

School Hvac Aux Optimized Variable Volume Lab 

Hood Design 

Optimized Variable Volume Lab Hood Design 

Constant Volume Lab Hood Design 

per installation New 779 15 $1,664 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-92 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

School Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.09 10 $0.02 

School Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation Existing 104 8 $28 

School Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation Existing 246 15 $336 

School Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation Existing 11 14 $35 

School Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.05 19 $0.07 

School Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.09 10 $0.02 

School Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation New 104 8 $28 

School Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation New 246 15 $336 

School Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation New 11 14 $35 

School Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.05 19 $0.07 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

Existing 111 9 $110 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation Existing 62 5 $12 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 1 8 $0.98 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.81 8 $0.73 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - LED LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) CFL Exit Sign (9 Watts) per installation Existing 98 16 $16 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation Existing 35 13 $30 

School Lighting 

Interior 

LED Refrigeration Case Lights LED Refrigeration Case Lights Fluorescent Refrigeration 

Case 

per installation Existing 83 8 $248 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Below Code Code Required LPD And Control 

Strategies 

Existing Lighting Design LPD 

per building sqft Existing 0.42 13 $0.24 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.24 13 $0.12 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.32 13 $0.18 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.40 13 $0.25 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.06 13 $0.09 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

Existing 399 8 $70 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

Existing 762 8 $201 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

New 79 9 $110 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation New 62 5 $12 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.77 8 $0.98 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-93 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.70 8 $0.73 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation New 35 13 $30 

School Lighting 

Interior 

LED Refrigeration Case Lights LED Refrigeration Case Lights Fluorescent Refrigeration 

Case 

per installation New 83 8 $248 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.24 15 $0.01 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.32 15 $0.06 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.40 15 $0.12 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.06 15 $0.02 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

New 287 8 $70 

School Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

New 762 8 $201 

School Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation Existing 74 6 $160 

School Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation Existing 79 6 $5 

School Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation Existing 15 5 $16 

School Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation Existing 139 5 $12 

School Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation Existing 72 6 $0.00 

School Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation New 74 6 $160 

School Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation New 79 6 $5 

School Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation New 15 5 $16 

School Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation New 139 5 $12 

School Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation New 72 6 $0.00 

School Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation Existing 7 7 $0.00 

School Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation Existing 368 10 $0.00 

School Other Plug 

Load 

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice Maker Standard Ice Maker per installation Existing 429 10 $139 

School Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

Existing 1 4 $0.41 

School Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation Existing 81 12 $126 

School Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator/Freezer Recycling 

Recycling Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

per installation Existing 1,519 9 $567 

School Other Plug 

Load 

Residential-Size Refrigerator/Freezer - Early Replacement 

Energy Star Refrigerator/Freezer Baseline 

Refrigerator/Freezer 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 160 7 $567 

School Other Plug 

Load 

Server Virtualization Server Virtualization No Virtualization number of 

virualizated servers 

Existing 2,294 4 $2,101 

School Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 101 5 $22 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-94 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

School Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation Existing 243 14 $161 

School Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Miser Passive Infrared Sensor on 

Vending Machine Monitoring Vacancy of Area And Cycles Cooling - Controls 

No Vending Miser - No controls 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 303 3 $176 

School Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation New 7 7 $0.00 

School Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation New 368 10 $0.00 

School Other Plug 

Load 

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice Maker Standard Ice Maker per installation New 429 10 $139 

School Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

New 1 4 $0.41 

School Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation New 81 12 $126 

School Other Plug 

Load 

Server Virtualization Server Virtualization No Virtualization number of 

virualizated servers 

New 2,294 4 $2,101 

School Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 101 5 $22 

School Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation New 243 14 $161 

School Refrigeration Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls No Anti-Sweat 

(Humidistat) Controls 

1 unit per 1,000 sqft 

Existing 997 12 $79 

School Refrigeration Case Electronically Commutated 

Motor 

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency Motor 1 unit per 

10,000 sqft 

Existing 1,038 12 $243 

School Refrigeration Case Replacement Low Temp Case Replacement Low Temp No replacement per square foot Existing 0.04 15 $0.10 School Refrigeration Case Replacement Med Temp Case Replacement Med Temp No replacement per square foot Existing 0.00 15 $0.05 School Refrigeration Demand Control Defrost - Hot 

Gas 

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric per installation Existing 354 10 $192 

School Refrigeration Glass Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Glass Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Glass Doors per installation Existing 2,600 12 $741 

School Refrigeration Refrigeration Commissioning or 

Re-commissioning 

Commissioning / Re-commissioning No Commissioning / 

Re-commissioning 

per refrigeration ton 

Existing 832 3 $118 

School Refrigeration Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Refrigerator Existing 273 10 $52 School Refrigeration Solid Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Solid Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Solid Door per installation Existing 1,179 12 $247 

School Refrigeration Standalone to Multiplex 

Compressor 

Standalone to Multiplex Compressor 

Standalone compressor per building sqft Existing 0.01 13 $0.00 

School Refrigeration Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins No Strip Curtains for 

Walk-In 

per installation Existing 545 4 $187 

School Refrigeration Walk-In Electronically 

Commutated Motor 

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency Motor per installation Existing 0.01 12 $0.17 

School Refrigeration Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls No Anti-Sweat 

(Humidistat) Controls 

1 unit per 1,000 sqft 

New 997 12 $79 

School Refrigeration Case Electronically Commutated 

Motor 

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency Motor 1 unit per 

10,000 sqft 

New 1,038 12 $243 

School Refrigeration Demand Control Defrost - Hot 

Gas 

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric per installation New 354 10 $192 

School Refrigeration Glass Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Glass Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Glass Doors per installation New 2,600 12 $741 

School Refrigeration Refrigeration Commissioning or 

Re-commissioning 

Commissioning / Re-commissioning No Commissioning / 

Re-commissioning 

per refrigeration ton 

New 467 3 $45 

School Refrigeration Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Refrigerator New 273 10 $52 School Refrigeration Solid Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Solid Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Solid Door per installation New 1,179 12 $247 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-95 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

School Refrigeration Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins No Strip Curtains for 

Walk-In 

per installation New 545 4 $187 

School Refrigeration Walk-In Electronically 

Commutated Motor 

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency Motor per installation New 0.01 12 $0.17 

School Space Heat Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 1,735 15 $747 

School Space Heat Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.75 15 $2 

School Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 281 5 $193 

School Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 187 15 $171 

School Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 281 5 $78 

School Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.14 18 $0.22 

School Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.86 14 $0.93 

School Space Heat Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 13,925 10 $3,604 

School Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 7 13 $0.31 

School Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.13 25 $0.49 

School Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 1 25 $1 

School Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 3 20 $2 

School Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 1 25 $0.93 

School Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.28 25 $0.29 School Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 9 25 $2 

School Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 8,095 10 $134 

School Space Heat Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.72 7 $0.18 

School Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 1 10 $2 

School Space Heat Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.96 25 $64 

School Space Heat Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 562 15 $399 

School Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 60 15 $171 

School Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.04 18 $0.22 

School Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.28 14 $0.93 

School Space Heat Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 4,513 10 $3,604 

School Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.04 25 $0.49 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-96 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

School Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.09 25 $0.29 School Space Heat Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 7 30 $5 

School Space Heat Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.18 15 $0.98 

School Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 2,623 10 $134 

School Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.46 10 $2 

School Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 11,734 10 $8,168 

School Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 11,734 10 $8,168 

School Water Heat Clothes Washer Commercial ENERGY STAR Commercial 

Clothes Washer MEF=1.80 

Standard Clothes Washers 

per installation Existing 553 11 $264 

School Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft Existing 0.07 10 $0.27 

School Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 

School Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 

School Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 7,168 10 $2,576 

School Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 20,018 10 $3,696 

School Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 1,633 25 $817 

School Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 1,633 25 $817 

School Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 2,492 15 $832 1

School Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 45,908 15 $16,095 

School Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 25 12 $2 

School Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 25 12 $2 

School Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 67 5 $6 

School Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 67 5 $6 

School Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation Existing 84 10 $30 School Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation Existing 84 10 $30 School Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM per installation Existing 338 10 $17 School Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM per installation Existing 338 10 $17 School Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 181 10 $142 

School Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 181 10 $142 

School Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

Existing 0.16 10 $0.88 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-97 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

School Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

Existing 0.16 10 $0.88 

School Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation Existing 596 5 $95 

School Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 11,711 10 $8,168 

School Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 11,711 10 $8,168 

School Water Heat Clothes Washer Commercial ENERGY STAR Commercial 

Clothes Washer MEF=1.80 

Standard Clothes Washers 

per installation New 553 11 $264 

School Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft New 0.07 10 $0.27 

School Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 

School Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 

School Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 7,169 10 $2,638 

School Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 20,023 10 $3,761 

School Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 1,630 25 $653 

School Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 1,630 25 $653 

School Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 2,490 15 $832 1

School Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 45,889 15 $13,730 

School Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 67 5 $6 

School Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 67 5 $6 

School Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation New 84 10 $30 School Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation New 84 10 $30 School Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 180 10 $142 

School Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 180 10 $142 

School Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

New 0.16 10 $0.88 

School Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

New 0.16 10 $0.88 

School Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation New 595 5 $95 

University Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation Existing 137 4 $28 1

University Computers Network PC Power Management Network PC Power Management No Power Management 0.7 units per 

1,000 sqft 

Existing 11 5 $12 

University Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation New 137 4 $28 1

University Computers Network PC Power Management Network PC Power Management No Power Management 0.7 units per 

1,000 sqft 

New 11 5 $12 

University Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 11,949 12 $2,016 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-98 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

University Cooking Fryers - New CEE Efficient 

Electric Deep Fat Fryers 

15 inch width Deep Fryer CEE 2006 rating: 80% under heavy load, Less than 1000 watt at idle 

15 inch width standard electric deep fat fryers 

per installation Existing 445 12 $1,008 

University Cooking Griddle 70% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 2,307 12 $776 University Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 1,909 12 $2,070 University Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 1,909 12 $2,070 University Cooking Hot Food Holding Cabinet ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 4,006 12 $1,811 University Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation Existing 4,288 12 $2,593 University Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 11,949 12 $2,016 University Cooking Fryers - New CEE Efficient 

Electric Deep Fat Fryers 

15 inch width Deep Fryer CEE 2006 rating: 80% under heavy load, Less than 1000 watt at idle 

15 inch width standard electric deep fat fryers 

per installation New 445 12 $1,008 

University Cooking Griddle 70% cooking efficiency Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 2,307 12 $776 University Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 1,909 12 $2,070 University Cooking High Efficiency Convection Oven Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 1,909 12 $2,070 University Cooking Hot Food Holding Cabinet ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 4,006 12 $1,811 University Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR Non ENERGY STAR per installation New 4,288 12 $2,593 University Cooling 

Chillers 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 97 15 $747 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water / Condenser Water Settings-Optimization 

Additional Control Features EMS already installed - 

No Optimization 

1 control point per 1000 sqft 

Existing 4 5 $165 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water Piping Loop w/ VSD Control 

VSD for secondary chilled water loop 

Primary loop only w/ constant speed pump 

per chiller ton Existing 4 10 $210 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Chiller-Water Side Economizer Install Economizer No Economizer per chiller ton Existing 3 15 $483 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Chillers 150-300 tons (screw) - Advanced Efficiency 

0.50 kW/ton (full load) 0.680 kW/Ton (full load) Per installation Existing 2,717 20 $22,438 1

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Convert Constant Volume Air System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.09 15 $2 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Decrease Approach Temperature 

6 Deg F 10 Deg F per chiller ton Existing 5 8 $27 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

Cooling Tower-One-Speed Fan Motor 

per chiller ton Existing 9 15 $2 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-VSD Fan Control Variable-Speed Tower Fans 

replace Two-Speed 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

per chiller ton Existing 2 13 $19 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 15 5 $193 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 10 15 $171 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 15 5 $78 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 822 10 $3,606 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.03 40 $9 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 0.21 13 $0.31 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.00 25 $1 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Pipe Insulation 1.5" of Insulation, assuming R-6 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear feet of 

insulation 

Existing 0.97 15 $3 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.04 7 $0.18 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-99 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 0.08 10 $2 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 1 10 $150 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 0.53 25 $30 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.45 25 $64 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 46 15 $399 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water / Condenser Water Settings-Optimization 

Additional Control Features EMS already installed - 

No Optimization 

1 control point per 1000 sqft 

New 1 5 $165 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water Piping Loop w/ VSD Control 

VSD for secondary chilled water loop 

Primary loop only w/ constant speed pump 

per chiller ton New 2 10 $210 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Chillers 150-300 tons (screw) - Advanced Efficiency 

0.50 kW/ton (full load) 0.680 kW/Ton (full load) Per installation New 1,322 20 $17,949 1

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Decrease Approach Temperature 

6 Deg F 10 Deg F per chiller ton New 2 8 $27 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 5 15 $171 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 394 10 $3,606 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.01 40 $9 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.01 15 $0.98 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.03 10 $2 

University Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 0.25 25 $30 

University Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 106 15 $747 

University Cooling Dx Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.10 15 $2 

University Cooling Dx DX Package 135 to 240 kBTU/hr 

- Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 135 to 240 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 135 to 240 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency 11.0 EER 

Per installation Existing 2,182 15 $10,414 1

University Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side Economizer Air-Side Economizer No Economizer per DX ton Existing 11 10 $169 University Cooling Dx DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics No DX Tune-Up / 

Diagnostics 

per installation Existing 59 4 $335 

University Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.08 15 $2 

University Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 17 5 $193 

University Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 11 15 $171 

University Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 17 5 $78 

University Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.00 18 $0.22 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-100 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

University Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 892 10 $3,606 

University Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.03 40 $9 

University Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 0.22 13 $0.31 

University Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.00 25 $1 

University Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 0.18 20 $2 

University Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 231 10 $139 

University Cooling Dx Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.04 7 $0.18 

University Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 1 10 $150 

University Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 0.57 25 $30 University Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.49 25 $64 

University Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 51 15 $399 

University Cooling Dx DX Package 135 to 240 kBTU/hr 

- Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 135 to 240 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 135 to 240 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency 11.0 EER 

Per installation New 1,001 15 $8,337 1

University Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

New 0.04 15 $2 

University Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 5 15 $171 

University Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.00 18 $0.22 

University Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 429 10 $3,606 

University Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.01 40 $9 

University Cooling Dx Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 1 30 $5 

University Cooling Dx Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.01 15 $0.98 

University Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 111 10 $139 

University Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 0.27 25 $30 University Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation Existing 23,910 15 $42,891 1

University Heat Pump Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 103 15 $747 

University Heat Pump Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.45 15 $2 

University Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 137 5 $193 

University Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 91 15 $171 

University Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 137 5 $78 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-101 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

University Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.07 18 $0.22 

University Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.37 14 $0.93 

University Heat Pump Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 7,100 10 $3,606 

University Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.03 40 $9 

University Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation Existing 33,260 30 $80,039 

University Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 4 13 $0.31 

University Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.08 25 $0.49 

University Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 1 25 $1 

University Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 1 20 $2 

University Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 1 25 $0.93 

University Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.23 25 $0.29 University Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 6 25 $2 

University Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 1,839 10 $139 

University Heat Pump Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.35 7 $0.18 

University Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 1 10 $150 

University Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.95 25 $64 

University Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation New 11,768 15 $34,312 1

University Heat Pump Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 51 15 $399 

University Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 40 15 $171 

University Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.03 18 $0.22 

University Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.16 14 $0.93 

University Heat Pump Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 3,117 10 $3,606 

University Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.01 40 $9 

University Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 10.6 EER, 3.2 COP Per installation New 17,202 30 $14,402 

University Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.03 25 $0.49 

University Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.10 25 $0.29 University Heat Pump Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 4 30 $5 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-102 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

University Heat Pump Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.12 15 $0.98 

University Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 807 10 $139 

University Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

Existing 1,238 10 $581 

University Hvac Aux Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.16 15 $2 

University Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation Existing 1,895 18 $4,529 University Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP Existing 13 15 $6 

University Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP Existing 329 20 $110 

University Hvac Aux Motor - VAV Box High Efficiency 

(ECM) 

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency Motor per installation Existing 33 15 $178 

University Hvac Aux Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind per HP Existing 8 8 $4 University Hvac Aux Optimized Variable Volume Lab 

Hood Design 

Optimized Variable Volume Lab Hood Design 

Constant Volume Lab Hood Design 

per installation Existing 1,206 13 $1,667 

University Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

New 834 10 $581 

University Hvac Aux Cooking Hood Controls Demand-Ventilation Control No Controls per installation New 1,895 18 $4,529 University Hvac Aux Low Pressure Distribution 

Complex HVAC 

Low Pressure Distribution Complex HVAC 

VAV/CV per building sqft New 0.40 50 $2 

University Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP New 8 15 $6 

University Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP New 222 20 $110 

University Hvac Aux Motor - VAV Box High Efficiency 

(ECM) 

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency Motor per installation New 22 15 $178 

University Hvac Aux Optimized Variable Volume Lab 

Hood Design 

Optimized Variable Volume Lab Hood Design 

Constant Volume Lab Hood Design 

per installation New 812 15 $1,667 

University Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.09 10 $0.02 

University Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation Existing 158 8 $28 

University Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation Existing 245 15 $336 

University Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation Existing 17 14 $36 

University Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.05 19 $0.07 

University Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.09 10 $0.02 

University Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation New 158 8 $28 

University Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation New 245 15 $336 

University Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation New 17 14 $36 

University Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.05 19 $0.07 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

Existing 154 9 $110 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation Existing 62 5 $12 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 2 8 $0.98 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-103 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 1 8 $0.73 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - LED LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) CFL Exit Sign (9 Watts) per installation Existing 97 16 $16 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation Existing 35 13 $30 

University Lighting 

Interior 

LED Refrigeration Case Lights LED Refrigeration Case Lights Fluorescent Refrigeration 

Case 

per installation Existing 83 8 $248 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Below Code Code Required LPD And Control 

Strategies 

Existing Lighting Design LPD 

per building sqft Existing 0.30 13 $0.00 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.34 13 $0.02 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.45 15 $0.08 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.57 13 $0.16 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.06 13 $0.07 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

Existing 554 8 $70 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

Existing 762 8 $201 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

New 110 9 $110 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation New 62 5 $12 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 1 8 $0.98 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 1 8 $0.73 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation New 35 13 $30 

University Lighting 

Interior 

LED Refrigeration Case Lights LED Refrigeration Case Lights Fluorescent Refrigeration 

Case 

per installation New 83 8 $248 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.34 15 $0.00 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.45 15 $0.07 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.57 15 $0.13 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.06 15 $0.01 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

New 398 8 $70 

University Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

New 762 8 $200 

University Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation Existing 74 6 $161 

University Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation Existing 79 6 $0.00 

University Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation Existing 15 5 $16 

University Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation Existing 139 5 $14 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-104 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

University Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation Existing 72 6 $0.00 

University Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation New 74 6 $161 

University Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation New 79 6 $0.00 

University Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation New 15 5 $16 

University Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation New 139 5 $14 

University Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation New 72 6 $0.00 

University Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation Existing 7 7 $0.00 

University Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation Existing 367 10 $0.00 

University Other Plug 

Load 

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice Maker Standard Ice Maker per installation Existing 427 10 $138 

University Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

Existing 1 4 $0.41 

University Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation Existing 81 12 $121 

University Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator/Freezer Recycling 

Recycling Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

per installation Existing 1,514 9 $565 

University Other Plug 

Load 

Residential-Size Refrigerator/Freezer - Early Replacement 

Energy Star Refrigerator/Freezer Baseline 

Refrigerator/Freezer 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 202 7 $565 

University Other Plug 

Load 

Server Virtualization Server Virtualization No Virtualization number of 

virualizated servers 

Existing 2,286 4 $2,091 

University Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 101 5 $22 

University Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation Existing 242 14 $161 

University Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Miser Passive Infrared Sensor on 

Vending Machine Monitoring Vacancy of Area And Cycles Cooling - Controls 

No Vending Miser - No controls 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 383 3 $173 

University Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation New 7 7 $0.00 

University Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation New 367 10 $0.00 

University Other Plug 

Load 

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice Maker Standard Ice Maker per installation New 427 10 $138 

University Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

New 1 4 $0.41 

University Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation New 81 12 $121 

University Other Plug 

Load 

Server Virtualization Server Virtualization No Virtualization number of 

virualizated servers 

New 2,286 4 $2,091 

University Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 101 5 $22 

University Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation New 242 14 $161 

University Refrigeration Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls No Anti-Sweat 

(Humidistat) Controls 

1 unit per 1,000 sqft 

Existing 994 12 $79 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-105 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

University Refrigeration Case Electronically Commutated 

Motor 

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency Motor 1 unit per 

10,000 sqft 

Existing 1,034 12 $243 

University Refrigeration Case Replacement Low Temp Case Replacement Low Temp No replacement per square foot Existing 0.04 15 $0.10 University Refrigeration Case Replacement Med Temp Case Replacement Med Temp No replacement per square foot Existing 0.00 15 $0.05 University Refrigeration Demand Control Defrost - Hot 

Gas 

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric per installation Existing 369 10 $201 

University Refrigeration Glass Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Glass Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Glass Doors per installation Existing 2,592 12 $776 

University Refrigeration Refrigeration Commissioning or 

Re-commissioning 

Commissioning / Re-commissioning No Commissioning / 

Re-commissioning 

per refrigeration ton 

Existing 829 3 $118 

University Refrigeration Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Refrigerator Existing 127 10 $51 University Refrigeration Solid Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Solid Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Solid Door per installation Existing 1,175 12 $258 

University Refrigeration Standalone to Multiplex 

Compressor 

Standalone to Multiplex Compressor 

Standalone compressor per building sqft Existing 0.01 13 $0.00 

University Refrigeration Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins No Strip Curtains for 

Walk-In 

per installation Existing 569 4 $184 

University Refrigeration Walk-In Electronically 

Commutated Motor 

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency Motor per installation Existing 0.01 12 $0.17 

University Refrigeration Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls No Anti-Sweat 

(Humidistat) Controls 

1 unit per 1,000 sqft 

New 994 12 $79 

University Refrigeration Case Electronically Commutated 

Motor 

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency Motor 1 unit per 

10,000 sqft 

New 1,034 12 $243 

University Refrigeration Demand Control Defrost - Hot 

Gas 

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric per installation New 369 10 $201 

University Refrigeration Glass Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Glass Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Glass Doors per installation New 2,592 12 $776 

University Refrigeration Refrigeration Commissioning or 

Re-commissioning 

Commissioning / Re-commissioning No Commissioning / 

Re-commissioning 

per refrigeration ton 

New 466 3 $45 

University Refrigeration Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Refrigerator New 127 10 $51 University Refrigeration Solid Door ES 

Refrigerators/Freezers 

Solid Door ES Refrigerators/Freezers 

Standard Solid Door per installation New 1,175 12 $258 

University Refrigeration Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins No Strip Curtains for 

Walk-In 

per installation New 569 4 $184 

University Refrigeration Walk-In Electronically 

Commutated Motor 

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency Motor per installation New 0.01 12 $0.17 

University Space Heat Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

Existing 1,729 15 $747 

University Space Heat Convert Constant Volume Air 

System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System Constant Volume Air 

System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.74 15 $2 

University Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 281 5 $193 

University Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 187 15 $171 

University Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 281 5 $78 

University Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.14 18 $0.22 

University Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.86 14 $0.93 

University Space Heat Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 14,527 10 $3,606 

University Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 7 13 $0.31 

University Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.20 25 $0.49 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-106 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

University Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 2 25 $1 

University Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 3 20 $2 

University Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 2 25 $0.93 

University Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.46 25 $0.29 University Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 14 25 $2 

University Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 3,764 10 $139 

University Space Heat Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.72 7 $0.18 

University Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 1 10 $2 

University Space Heat Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.96 25 $64 

University Space Heat Automated Ventilation VFD 

Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 sensors) 

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 3,000 

sqft 

New 560 15 $399 

University Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 60 15 $171 

University Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.04 18 $0.22 

University Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.28 14 $0.93 

University Space Heat Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air Directly at 

Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 4,708 10 $3,606 

University Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.06 25 $0.49 

University Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.15 25 $0.29 University Space Heat Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 7 30 $5 

University Space Heat Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.18 15 $0.98 

University Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 1,220 10 $139 

University Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.46 10 $2 

University Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 12,242 10 $8,169 

University Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 12,242 10 $8,169 

University Water Heat Clothes Washer Commercial ENERGY STAR Commercial 

Clothes Washer MEF=1.80 

Standard Clothes Washers 

per installation Existing 551 11 $264 

University Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft Existing 0.07 10 $0.27 

University Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $42 

University Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $42 

University Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 7,144 10 $2,579 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-107 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

University Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 19,952 10 $3,693 

University Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 1,618 25 $817 

University Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 1,618 25 $817 

University Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 2,608 15 $876 1

University Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 48,053 15 $16,939 

University Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 25 12 $2 

University Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 25 12 $2 

University Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 67 5 $6 

University Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation Existing 67 5 $6 

University Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation Existing 84 10 $30 University Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation Existing 84 10 $30 University Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM per installation Existing 337 10 $17 University Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM per installation Existing 337 10 $17 University Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 180 10 $142 

University Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 180 10 $142 

University Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

Existing 0.16 10 $0.88 

University Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

Existing 0.16 10 $0.88 

University Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation Existing 622 5 $95 

University Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 12,217 10 $8,169 

University Water Heat Clothes Washer - Ozonating Ozonating Clothes Washer Standard Commercial 

Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 12,217 10 $8,169 

University Water Heat Clothes Washer Commercial ENERGY STAR Commercial 

Clothes Washer MEF=1.80 

Standard Clothes Washers 

per installation New 551 11 $264 

University Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft New 0.07 10 $0.27 

University Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $42 

University Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $42 

University Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - High 

Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 7,146 10 $2,644 

University Water Heat Dishwashing - Commercial - Low 

Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) - (ENERGY STAR) 

Standard High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 19,957 10 $3,760 

University Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 1,615 25 $653 

University Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 1,615 25 $653 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-108 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

University Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 2,606 15 $876 1

University Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 48,033 15 $14,447 

University Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 67 5 $6 

University Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray 

Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

per installation New 67 5 $6 

University Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation New 84 10 $30 University Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation New 84 10 $30 University Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 180 10 $142 

University Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 180 10 $142 

University Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

New 0.16 10 $0.88 

University Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

New 0.16 10 $0.88 

University Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation New 621 5 $95 

Warehouse Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation Existing 137 4 $31 1

Warehouse Computers Computer ENERGY STAR Computer ENERGY STAR Computer standard 

non-ENERGY STAR 

Per installation New 137 4 $31 1

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water / Condenser Water Settings-Optimization 

Additional Control Features EMS already installed - 

No Optimization 

1 control point per 1000 sqft 

Existing 2 5 $165 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water Piping Loop w/ VSD Control 

VSD for secondary chilled water loop 

Primary loop only w/ constant speed pump 

per chiller ton Existing 4 10 $210 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Chiller-Water Side Economizer Install Economizer No Economizer per chiller ton Existing 3 15 $483 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Chillers <150 tons (screw) - Advanced Efficiency 

0.58 kW/ton (full load) 0.790 kW/Ton (full load) Per installation Existing 1,663 20 $24,640 1

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Decrease Approach Temperature 

6 Deg F 10 Deg F per chiller ton Existing 5 8 $27 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

Cooling Tower-One-Speed Fan Motor 

per chiller ton Existing 8 15 $2 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-VSD Fan Control Variable-Speed Tower Fans 

replace Two-Speed 

Cooling Tower-Two-Speed Fan Motor 

per chiller ton Existing 2 13 $19 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 5 15 $171 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.01 40 $9 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 0.13 13 $0.32 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-8 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.00 25 $1 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Pipe Insulation 1.5" of Insulation, assuming R-6 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear feet of 

insulation 

Existing 0.53 15 $3 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.02 7 $0.18 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 0.61 10 $150 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 1 25 $30 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-109 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.94 25 $64 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water / Condenser Water Settings-Optimization 

Additional Control Features EMS already installed - 

No Optimization 

1 control point per 1000 sqft 

New 2 5 $165 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Chilled Water Piping Loop w/ VSD Control 

VSD for secondary chilled water loop 

Primary loop only w/ constant speed pump 

per chiller ton New 6 10 $210 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Chillers <150 tons (screw) - Advanced Efficiency 

0.58 kW/ton (full load) 0.790 kW/Ton (full load) Per installation New 2,173 20 $19,715 1

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Cooling Tower-Decrease Approach Temperature 

6 Deg F 10 Deg F per chiller ton New 6 8 $27 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 7 15 $171 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.02 40 $9 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.02 15 $0.98 

Warehouse Cooling 

Chillers 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 1 25 $30 

Warehouse Cooling Dx DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - 

Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency - 11.2 EER 

Per installation Existing 1,335 15 $8,539 1

Warehouse Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side Economizer Air-Side Economizer No Economizer per DX ton Existing 11 10 $169 Warehouse Cooling Dx DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics DX Tune-Up / Diagnostics No DX Tune-Up / 

Diagnostics 

per installation Existing 57 4 $335 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.04 15 $2 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 9 5 $193 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 6 15 $171 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 9 5 $78 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.00 18 $0.22 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.01 40 $9 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 0.14 13 $0.32 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-8 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.00 25 $1 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 0.10 20 $2 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 307 10 $137 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.02 7 $0.18 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 0.61 10 $150 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 1 25 $30 Warehouse Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 1 25 $64 

Warehouse Cooling Dx DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - 

Premium Efficiency 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency - 12.0 EER 

DX Package 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Standard Efficiency - 11.2 EER 

Per installation New 1,744 15 $6,825 1

Warehouse Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect Evaporative 

Cooling, Pre-Cooling 

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling per building 

CFM 

New 0.05 15 $2 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 7 15 $171 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-110 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.00 18 $0.22 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.02 40 $9 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 1 30 $5 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.02 15 $0.98 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 380 10 $137 

Warehouse Cooling Dx Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 1 25 $30 Warehouse Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation Existing 7,115 15 $31,584 1

Warehouse Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 37 5 $193 

Warehouse Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 24 15 $171 

Warehouse Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 37 5 $78 

Warehouse Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.01 18 $0.22 

Warehouse Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.08 14 $0.93 

Warehouse Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft Existing 0.01 40 $9 

Warehouse Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation Existing 12,294 30 $34,055 

Warehouse Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 1 13 $0.32 

Warehouse Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.01 25 $0.49 

Warehouse Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-8 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.15 25 $1 

Warehouse Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 0.41 20 $2 

Warehouse Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-8 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 0.19 25 $0.93 

Warehouse Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.02 25 $0.29 Warehouse Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 0.38 25 $2 

Warehouse Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 1,225 10 $137 

Warehouse Heat Pump Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.09 7 $0.18 

Warehouse Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film per 100 sqft of 

window glazing 

Existing 0.61 10 $150 

Warehouse Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft Existing 0.13 25 $30 Warehouse Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 1 25 $64 

Warehouse Heat Pump Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 

kBTU/hr - Premium Efficiency 

12.0 EER, 3.8 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation New 5,747 15 $25,269 1

Warehouse Heat Pump Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 18 15 $171 

Warehouse Heat Pump Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.01 18 $0.22 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-111 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Warehouse Heat Pump Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.04 14 $0.93 

Warehouse Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored 

Roof 

per roof sqft New 0.02 40 $9 

Warehouse Heat Pump Ground Source Heat Pump 

Replacing Air Source Heat Pump 65 to 135 kBTU/hr - Advanced Efficiency 

16.2 EER 4.0 COP 11.0 EER, 3.3 COP Per installation New 9,510 30 $31,314 

Warehouse Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.00 25 $0.49 

Warehouse Heat Pump Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.01 25 $0.29 Warehouse Heat Pump Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 2 30 $5 

Warehouse Heat Pump Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.05 15 $0.98 

Warehouse Heat Pump Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 911 10 $137 

Warehouse Heat Pump Windows-High Efficiency U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State Code) per window sqft New 0.84 25 $30 Warehouse Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

Existing 545 10 $581 

Warehouse Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP Existing 5 15 $6 

Warehouse Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP Existing 145 20 $110 

Warehouse Hvac Aux Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind per HP Existing 3 8 $4 Warehouse Hvac Aux Automated Exhaust VFD Control 

- Parking Garage CO sensor 

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Total Fan 

HP 

New 530 10 $581 

Warehouse Hvac Aux Motor - CEE Premium-Efficiency 

Plus 

CEE PE+ Motor for HVAC Applications 

NEMA Efficiency Motors per HP New 5 15 $6 

Warehouse Hvac Aux Motor - Pump & Fan System - 

Variable Speed Control 

Pump And Fan System Optimization w/ VSD 

No Pump And Fan System VSD Optimization

Per HP New 141 20 $110 

Warehouse Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.09 10 $0.02 

Warehouse Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation Existing 40 8 $28 

Warehouse Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation Existing 246 15 $336 

Warehouse Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation Existing 4 14 $35 

Warehouse Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft Existing 0.05 19 $0.07 

Warehouse Lighting 

Exterior 

Covered Parking Lighting Covered Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.09 10 $0.02 

Warehouse Lighting 

Exterior 

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell) 

Photocell No Controls per installation New 40 8 $28 

Warehouse Lighting 

Exterior 

Exterior Building Lighting 30% savings Normal Lighting per installation New 246 15 $336 

Warehouse Lighting 

Exterior 

Solid State LED White Lighting Landscape, merchandise, signage, 

structure & task lighting (2.5 W) 

50W 10hrs/day, 365 day/yr 

per installation New 4 14 $35 

Warehouse Lighting 

Exterior 

Surface Parking Lighting Surface Parking Lighting Normal Lighting per building sqft New 0.05 19 $0.07 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

Existing 507 9 $110 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation Existing 148 5 $13 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.33 8 $0.98 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-112 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

Existing 0.12 8 $0.73 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - LED LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) CFL Exit Sign (9 Watts) per installation Existing 97 16 $16 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation Existing 35 13 $30 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Below Code Code Required LPD And Control 

Strategies 

Existing Lighting Design LPD 

per building sqft Existing 0.46 13 $0.47 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.13 13 $0.00 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.17 13 $0.02 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.22 13 $0.09 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft Existing 0.22 13 $0.27 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

Existing 365 8 $70 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

Existing 761 8 $201 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting 

Occupancy Sensor Control, 50% Lighting Power during unoccupied Time 

Continuous Full Power Lighting in Stairways 

Unit ea.: number bi-fixtures 

New 340 9 $110 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting 5 watts 30 W Incandescent Bulb per installation New 148 5 $12 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Continuous, Fluorescent Fixtures 

Continuous Dimming, Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.22 8 $0.98 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Dimming-Stepped, Fluorescent Fixtures 

3-stepped Dimming of Fluorescent Fixtures (Day-Lighting) 

No Dimming Controls per sqft of 

dimmable perimeter 

New 0.08 8 $0.73 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Exit Sign - Photoluminescent or Tritium 

Photoluminescent or Tritium LED Exit Sign (2 Watts) per installation New 35 13 $30 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, High Efficiency 15% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.13 15 $0.00 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Premium Efficiency 

20% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.17 15 $0.01 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium Efficiency 

25% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.22 15 $0.03 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Lighting Package, Super Premium High Bay 

35% Reduction in W/sqft Baseline Lighting Power 

density 

per building sqft New 0.22 15 $0.06 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

Occupancy Sensor Control, Fluorescent 

No Occupancy Sensor per occupancy 

sensor 

New 244 8 $70 

Warehouse Lighting 

Interior 

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls per 10,000 

Watts 

New 761 8 $200 

Warehouse Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation Existing 74 6 $219 

Warehouse Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation Existing 79 6 $0.00 

Warehouse Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation Existing 15 5 $16 

Warehouse Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation Existing 139 5 $14 

Warehouse Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation Existing 72 6 $0.00 

Warehouse Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Copiers ENERGY STAR Copiers Standard Copier per installation New 74 6 $219 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-113 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Warehouse Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Fax ENERGY STAR Fax Standard Fax per installation New 79 6 $0.00 

Warehouse Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Monitors ENERGY STAR Features Enabled Non-ENERGY STAR 

Features 

per installation New 15 5 $16 

Warehouse Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Printers ENERGY STAR Printers Standard Printers per installation New 139 5 $14 

Warehouse Other Office 

Equipment 

ENERGY STAR - Scanners ENERGY STAR Scanners Standard Scanner per installation New 72 6 $0.00 

Warehouse Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation Existing 7 7 $2 

Warehouse Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation Existing 368 10 $0.00 

Warehouse Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

Existing 2 4 $0.41 

Warehouse Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation Existing 81 12 $124 

Warehouse Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator/Freezer Recycling 

Recycling Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

Existing Refrigerator/Freezer 

per installation Existing 1,520 9 $567 

Warehouse Other Plug 

Load 

Residential-Size Refrigerator/Freezer - Early Replacement 

Energy Star Refrigerator/Freezer Baseline 

Refrigerator/Freezer 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 1,548 7 $567 

Warehouse Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 

15,000 sqft 

Existing 102 5 $23 

Warehouse Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation Existing 243 14 $186 

Warehouse Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Miser Passive Infrared Sensor on 

Vending Machine Monitoring Vacancy of Area And Cycles Cooling - Controls 

No Vending Miser - No controls 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 2,933 3 $174 

Warehouse Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Battery Charging System 

ENERGY STAR Battery Charging System 

Non-ENERGY STAR Battery Chargers 

per installation New 7 7 $2 

Warehouse Other Plug 

Load 

ENERGY STAR - Water Cooler ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

(Hot/Cold Water) 

Non-ENERGY STAR Water Cooler 

per installation New 368 10 $0.00 

Warehouse Other Plug 

Load 

Power Supply Transformer/Converter 

80 Plus 85% efficient power 

supply (> 51W) 

1 unit per 2,000 sqft 

New 2 4 $0.41 

Warehouse Other Plug 

Load 

Residential Refrigerator ENERGY STAR Federal Standard per installation New 81 12 $124 

Warehouse Other Plug 

Load 

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power Strip Standard surge protector 1 unit per 

15,000 sqft 

New 102 5 $23 

Warehouse Other Plug 

Load 

Vending Machines- High Efficiency 

ENERGY STAR (Tier 2) Vending Machines- High Efficiency 500 can capacity Under 5.92 kWh/day 

Vending MachinesStandard 13 kWh/day per installation New 243 14 $186 

Warehouse Refrigeration Refrigeration Commissioning or 

Re-commissioning 

Commissioning / Re-commissioning No Commissioning / 

Re-commissioning 

per refrigeration ton 

Existing 832 3 $119 

Warehouse Refrigeration Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Refrigerator Existing 33 10 $49 Warehouse Refrigeration Standalone to Multiplex 

Compressor 

Standalone to Multiplex Compressor 

Standalone compressor per building sqft Existing 0.00 13 $0.00 

Warehouse Refrigeration Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins No Strip Curtains for 

Walk-In 

per installation Existing 65 4 $186 

Warehouse Refrigeration Walk-In Electronically 

Commutated Motor 

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency Motor per installation Existing 0.00 12 $0.17 

Warehouse Refrigeration Refrigeration Commissioning or 

Re-commissioning 

Commissioning / Re-commissioning No Commissioning / 

Re-commissioning 

per refrigeration ton 

New 468 3 $47 

Warehouse Refrigeration Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Refrigerator New 33 10 $49 Warehouse Refrigeration Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins Strip Curtains for Walk-Ins No Strip Curtains for 

Walk-In 

per installation New 65 4 $186 

Warehouse Refrigeration Walk-In Electronically 

Commutated Motor 

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency Motor per installation New 0.00 12 $0.17 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-114 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Warehouse Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 56 5 $193 

Warehouse Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

Existing 37 15 $171 

Warehouse Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 56 5 $78 

Warehouse Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft Existing 0.02 18 $0.22 

Warehouse Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

Existing 0.17 14 $0.93 

Warehouse Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft Existing 1 13 $0.32 

Warehouse Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.02 25 $0.49 

Warehouse Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State Code) R-8 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per roof sqft Existing 0.31 25 $1 

Warehouse Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface area 

of duct insul 

Existing 0.61 20 $2 

Warehouse Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-30 (WA State Code) R-8 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per floor area Existing 0.44 25 $0.93 

Warehouse Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area Existing 0.05 25 $0.29 Warehouse Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State Code) R-3 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per wall surface area 

Existing 0.93 25 $2 

Warehouse Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation Existing 1,844 10 $137 

Warehouse Space Heat Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

per building sqft Existing 0.14 7 $0.18 

Warehouse Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. Existing 0.28 10 $2 

Warehouse Space Heat Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

per window sqft Existing 0.41 25 $64 

Warehouse Space Heat Direct Digital Control 

System-Optimization 

Premium Efficiency EMS System High Efficiency EMS 

System 

Number of Points 

New 12 15 $171 

Warehouse Space Heat Duct Repair and Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses to 5 % No Repair or Sealing 15% 

duct losses 

per building sqft New 0.00 18 $0.22 

Warehouse Space Heat Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air 

Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery per building 

CFM 

New 0.05 14 $0.93 

Warehouse Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

per roof sqft New 0.00 25 $0.49 

Warehouse Space Heat Insulation - Floor (non-slab) R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) per floor area New 0.01 25 $0.29 Warehouse Space Heat Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that do not 

require mastic or drawbands 

Standard Duct Fittings per linear feet of 

duct insula 

New 1 30 $5 

Warehouse Space Heat Natural Ventilation Natural Ventilation Design 

Reduction in Cooling 

None - Standard Ventilation 

per building sqft New 0.03 15 $0.98 

Warehouse Space Heat Programmable Thermostat Programmable Thermostat No Programmable 

Thermostat 

per installation New 608 10 $137 

Warehouse Space Heat Sensible And Total Heat 

Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery- 50% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building SQ.FT. New 0.09 10 $2 

Warehouse Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft Existing 0.00 10 $0.27 

Warehouse Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 

Warehouse Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 31 12 $43 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-115 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description 

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(kWh) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installation

Technicall

Feasible 

Warehouse Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 1,347 25 $819 

Warehouse Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

Existing 1,347 25 $819 

Warehouse Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 368 15 $155 1

Warehouse Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation Existing 6,785 15 $2,967 

Warehouse Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 14 12 $2 

Warehouse Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation 1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 

(WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 14 12 $2 

Warehouse Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation Existing 84 10 $20 Warehouse Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation Existing 84 10 $20 Warehouse Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM per installation Existing 337 10 $20 Warehouse Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM per installation Existing 337 10 $20 Warehouse Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 121 10 $141 

Warehouse Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 121 10 $141 

Warehouse Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

Existing 0.02 10 $0.87 

Warehouse Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

Existing 0.02 10 $0.87 

Warehouse Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation Existing 453 5 $93 

Warehouse Water Heat Demand Controlled Circulating 

Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD control by demand)

Constant Circulation per building sqft New 0.00 10 $0.27 

Warehouse Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 

Warehouse Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 kWh/yr, <= 

5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 31 12 $43 

Warehouse Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 1,368 25 $655 

Warehouse Water Heat Drainwater Heat Recovery Water 

Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Number of WH (40 gal per unit) 

New 1,368 25 $655 

Warehouse Water Heat Electric Water Heater - High 

Efficiency 

EF = 0.95 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 385 15 $155 1

Warehouse Water Heat Heat Pump Water Heater - 

Advanced-Efficiency 

EF = 2.2 EF = 0.92 Per installation New 7,092 15 $2,530 

Warehouse Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation New 84 10 $20 Warehouse Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) per installation New 84 10 $20 Warehouse Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 123 10 $141 

Warehouse Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion Faucet 

Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 123 10 $141 

Warehouse Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

New 0.02 10 $0.87 

Warehouse Water Heat Water Cooled Refrigeration with 

Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery per sqft of 

refrigerated area

New 0.02 10 $0.87 

Warehouse Water Heat Water Heater Temperature 

Setback 

Water Heater Temperature Setback (120 F) 

No Change in Water Temperature 

per installation New 460 5 $93 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-116 

Table B.3.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Chemical Mfg Fans Fan Energy Mangement 10% 10 $0.00 27% $0.02 Chemical Mfg Fans Fan Equipment Upgrade 35% 10 $0.00 23% $0.02 Chemical Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Chemical Mfg Fans Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Hvac Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Hvac Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 3 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 20% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 3 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 29% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Handling 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Other_Motors 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Material_Handling 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-117 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- Material_Handling 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- 

Material_Processing 

0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- Other_Motors 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Handling 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Chemical Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Aircomp Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Other Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Other Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Pumps Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Chemical Mfg Pumps Pump Energy Management 8% 10 $0.00 31% $0.02 Chemical Mfg Pumps Pump Equipment Upgrade 20% 10 $0.00 34% $0.02 Chemical Mfg Pumps Pump System Optimization 50% 12 $0.00 15% $-0.07 Chemical Mfg Pumps Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Pumps Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Chemical Mfg Pumps Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Hvac Clean Room: Change Filter Strategy 40% 1 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Hvac Clean Room: Chiller Optimize 15% 10 $0.00 28% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-118 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Computer Electronic Mfg Hvac Clean Room: Clean Room HVAC 9% 20 $0.00 30% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Hvac Elec Chip Fab: Eliminate Exhaust 5% 10 $0.00 80% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Hvac Elec Chip Fab: Solidstate Chiller 90% 10 $0.00 20% $-0.13 Computer Electronic Mfg Hvac Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Hvac Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Handling 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Computer Electronic Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Computer Electronic Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Other_Motors 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Computer Electronic Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- Material_Handling 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- 

Material_Processing 

0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Computer Electronic Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- Other_Motors 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Handling 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Computer Electronic Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Computer Electronic Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Process Aircomp Elec Chip Fab: Reduce Gas Pressure 10% 10 $0.00 50% $-0.03 Computer Electronic Mfg Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Process Heat Elec Chip Fab: Exhaust Injector **% 10 $0.00 35% $-0.14 Computer Electronic Mfg Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Process Other Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Process Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Process Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Pumps Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Pumps Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Computer Electronic Mfg Pumps Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Hvac Clean Room: Change Filter Strategy 40% 1 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Hvac Clean Room: Chiller Optimize 15% 10 $0.00 28% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Hvac Clean Room: Clean Room HVAC 9% 20 $0.00 30% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Hvac Elec Chip Fab: Eliminate Exhaust 5% 10 $0.00 80% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Hvac Elec Chip Fab: Solidstate Chiller 90% 10 $0.00 20% $-0.13 Electrical Equipment Mfg Hvac Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Hvac Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-119 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Electrical Equipment Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Handling 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Electrical Equipment Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Electrical Equipment Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Other_Motors 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Electrical Equipment Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- Material_Handling 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- 

Material_Processing 

0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Electrical Equipment Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- Other_Motors 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Handling 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Electrical Equipment Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Electrical Equipment Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Process Aircomp Elec Chip Fab: Reduce Gas Pressure 10% 10 $0.00 50% $-0.03 Electrical Equipment Mfg Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Process Heat Elec Chip Fab: Exhaust Injector **% 10 $0.00 35% $-0.14 Electrical Equipment Mfg Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Process Other Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Process Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Process Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Pumps Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Pumps Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Electrical Equipment Mfg Pumps Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Fans Fan Energy Mangement 10% 10 $0.00 27% $0.02 Fabricated Metal Products Fans Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 20% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Fans Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 4% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Fans Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 5% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Fans Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Hvac Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Hvac Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Lighting Efficient Lighting 1 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 1% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Lighting Efficient Lighting 2 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 3% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Lighting Efficient Lighting 3 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Lighting HighBay Lighting 1 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 2% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Lighting HighBay Lighting 2 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 4% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Lighting HighBay Lighting 3 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 23% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-120 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 20% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 20% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 20% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 4% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 4% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 4% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 5% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 5% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 5% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Handling 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Other_Motors 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Material_Handling 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Transformers-New -- Material_Handling 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Transformers-New -- 

Material_Processing 

0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Transformers-New -- Other_Motors 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Handling 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 20% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 4% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 5% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Aircomp Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Electro 

Chemical 

Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Fabricated Metal Products Process Electro 

Chemical 

Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-121 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 20% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 4% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 5% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Other Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Other Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Fabricated Metal Products Process Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Food Mfg Fans Energy Project Management 29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 Food Mfg Fans Fan Energy Mangement 10% 10 $0.00 27% $0.02 Food Mfg Fans Fan Equipment Upgrade 35% 10 $0.00 23% $0.02 Food Mfg Fans Integrated Plant Energy Management 50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 Food Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Food Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Food Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Food Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Food Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Food Mfg Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Food Mfg Fans Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Food Mfg Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Food Mfg Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Food Mfg Hvac Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Food Mfg Hvac Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Food Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 1 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 4% $-0.01 Food Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 2 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 3% $-0.01 Food Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 3 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Food Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 1 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 7% $-0.01 Food Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 2 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 5% $-0.01 Food Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 3 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 18% $-0.01 Food Mfg Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Food Mfg Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Food Mfg Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Food Mfg Motors Other Energy Project Management -- 

Material_Handling 

29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-122 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Food Mfg Motors Other Energy Project Management -- 

Material_Processing 

29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Integrated Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Handling 

50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 

Food Mfg Motors Other Integrated Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 

Food Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Handling 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Material_Handling 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Food Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- Material_Handling 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Food Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- 

Material_Processing 

0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Handling 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Food Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Food Mfg Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Food Mfg Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 Food Mfg Process Aircomp Energy Project Management 29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 Food Mfg Process Aircomp Integrated Plant Energy Management 50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 Food Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Food Mfg Process Aircomp Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Refrig Energy Project Management 29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 Food Mfg Process Refrig Food: Cooling and Storage 15% 10 $0.00 100% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-123 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Food Mfg Process Refrig Food: Refrig Storage Tuneup 8% 3 $0.00 100% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Refrig Integrated Plant Energy Management 50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 Food Mfg Process Refrig Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Refrig Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Refrig Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Refrig Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Refrig Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Refrig Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Food Mfg Process Refrig Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Refrig Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Food Mfg Process Refrig Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Food Mfg Pumps Energy Project Management 29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 Food Mfg Pumps Integrated Plant Energy Management 50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 Food Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Food Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Food Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Food Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Food Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Food Mfg Pumps Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Food Mfg Pumps Pump Energy Management 8% 10 $0.00 31% $0.02 Food Mfg Pumps Pump Equipment Upgrade 20% 10 $0.00 34% $0.02 Food Mfg Pumps Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Food Mfg Pumps Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Food Mfg Pumps Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Fans Fan Energy Mangement 10% 10 $0.00 27% $0.02 Industrial Machinery Fans Fan Equipment Upgrade 35% 10 $0.00 23% $0.02 Industrial Machinery Fans Fan System Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 30% $-0.02 Industrial Machinery Fans Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Fans Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Industrial Machinery Fans Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Hvac Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Hvac Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Lighting Efficient Lighting 3 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Lighting HighBay Lighting 3 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 19% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 

Industrial Machinery Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 

Industrial Machinery Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Industrial Machinery Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Industrial Machinery Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 

Industrial Machinery Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-124 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Industrial Machinery Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Handling 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Industrial Machinery Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Industrial Machinery Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Material_Handling 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Industrial Machinery Motors Other Transformers-New -- Material_Handling 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Motors Other Transformers-New -- 

Material_Processing 

0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Industrial Machinery Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Handling 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Industrial Machinery Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Industrial Machinery Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Aircomp Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Pumps Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Pumps Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Pumps Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Industrial Machinery Pumps Pump Energy Management 8% 10 $0.00 31% $0.02 Industrial Machinery Pumps Pump Equipment Upgrade 20% 10 $0.00 34% $0.02 Industrial Machinery Pumps Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Pumps Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Industrial Machinery Pumps Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Fans Fan Energy Mangement 10% 10 $0.00 27% $0.02 Miscellaneous Mfg Fans Fan Equipment Upgrade 35% 10 $0.00 23% $0.02 Miscellaneous Mfg Fans Fan System Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 30% $-0.02 Miscellaneous Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Fans Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Hvac Clean Room: Change Filter Strategy 40% 1 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Hvac Clean Room: Chiller Optimize 15% 10 $0.00 28% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-125 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Miscellaneous Mfg Hvac Clean Room: Clean Room HVAC 9% 20 $0.00 30% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Hvac Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Hvac Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 1 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 5% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 2 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 2% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 3 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 1 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 2 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 3% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 3 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 19% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 

Miscellaneous Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 

Miscellaneous Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Miscellaneous Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Miscellaneous Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 

Miscellaneous Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 

Miscellaneous Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Handling 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Miscellaneous Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Miscellaneous Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Material_Handling 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Miscellaneous Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- Material_Handling 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- 

Material_Processing 

0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Miscellaneous Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Handling 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Miscellaneous Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Miscellaneous Mfg Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Aircomp Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-126 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Miscellaneous Mfg Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Other Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Other Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Pumps Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Pumps Pump Energy Management 8% 10 $0.00 31% $0.02 Miscellaneous Mfg Pumps Pump Equipment Upgrade 20% 10 $0.00 34% $0.02 Miscellaneous Mfg Pumps Pump System Optimization 50% 12 $0.00 15% $-0.07 Miscellaneous Mfg Pumps Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Pumps Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Miscellaneous Mfg Pumps Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Fans Fan Energy Mangement 10% 10 $0.00 27% $0.02 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Fans Fan Equipment Upgrade 35% 10 $0.00 23% $0.02 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Fans Fan System Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 30% $-0.02 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Fans Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Fans Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Fans Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Hvac Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Hvac Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Lighting Efficient Lighting 3 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Lighting HighBay Lighting 3 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 19% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-127 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Handling 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Material_Handling 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Motors Other Transformers-New -- Material_Handling 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Motors Other Transformers-New -- 

Material_Processing 

0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Handling 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Aircomp Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Other Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Other Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Pumps Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-128 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Pumps Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Pumps Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Pumps Pump Energy Management 8% 10 $0.00 31% $0.02 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Pumps Pump Equipment Upgrade 20% 10 $0.00 34% $0.02 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Pumps Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Pumps Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Pumps Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Fans Energy Project Management 29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 Paper Mfg Fans Fan Energy Mangement 10% 10 $0.00 27% $0.02 Paper Mfg Fans Fan Equipment Upgrade 35% 10 $0.00 23% $0.02 Paper Mfg Fans Fan System Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 30% $-0.02 Paper Mfg Fans Integrated Plant Energy Management 50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 Paper Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 23% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Fans Paper: Premium Fan 20% 10 $0.00 25% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Paper Mfg Fans Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Hvac Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Hvac Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 3 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 20% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 3 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 29% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Motors Other Efficient Centrifugal Fan -- 

Material_Handling 

20% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Energy Project Management -- 

Material_Handling 

29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Energy Project Management -- 

Material_Processing 

29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Energy Project Management -- 

Other_Motors 

29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Integrated Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Handling 

50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Integrated Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Integrated Plant Energy Management -- 

Other_Motors 

50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Material Handling VFD2 -- 

Material_Handling 

19% 10 $0.00 53% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Material Handling2 -- Material_Handling 5% 10 $0.00 53% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-129 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 23% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 23% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 23% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Paper: Efficient Pulp Screen -- 

Material_Processing 

15% 10 $0.00 14% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Paper: Large Material Handling -- 

Material_Handling 

10% 10 $0.00 25% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Paper: Material Handling -- 

Material_Handling 

13% 10 $0.00 25% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Paper: Premium Control Large Material 

-- Material_Handling 

19% 10 $0.00 25% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Handling 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Other_Motors 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Material_Handling 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- Material_Handling 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- 

Material_Processing 

0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- Other_Motors 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Handling 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Paper Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-130 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Paper Mfg Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 Paper Mfg Process Aircomp Air Compressor Equipment2 35% 10 $0.00 17% $0.01 Paper Mfg Process Aircomp Air Compressor Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 36% $-0.04 Paper Mfg Process Aircomp Energy Project Management 29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 Paper Mfg Process Aircomp Integrated Plant Energy Management 50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 Paper Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 23% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Paper Mfg Process Aircomp Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Other Energy Project Management 29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 Paper Mfg Process Other Integrated Plant Energy Management 50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 Paper Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 23% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Other Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Paper Mfg Process Other Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Process Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Pumps Energy Project Management 29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 Paper Mfg Pumps Integrated Plant Energy Management 50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 Paper Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 23% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Pumps Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Paper Mfg Pumps Pump Energy Management 8% 10 $0.00 31% $0.02 Paper Mfg Pumps Pump Equipment Upgrade 20% 10 $0.00 34% $0.02 Paper Mfg Pumps Pump System Optimization 50% 12 $0.00 15% $-0.07 Paper Mfg Pumps Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Pumps Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Paper Mfg Pumps Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Fans Energy Project Management 29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Fans Fan Energy Mangement 10% 10 $0.00 27% $0.02 Petroleum Coal Products Fans Fan Equipment Upgrade 35% 10 $0.00 23% $0.02 Petroleum Coal Products Fans Fan System Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 30% $-0.02 Petroleum Coal Products Fans Integrated Plant Energy Management 50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 Petroleum Coal Products Fans Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Fans Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Fans Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-131 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Petroleum Coal Products Fans Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Fans Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Hvac Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Hvac Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Lighting Efficient Lighting 3 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 20% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Lighting HighBay Lighting 3 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 29% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Energy Project Management -- 

Material_Processing 

29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Energy Project Management -- 

Other_Motors 

29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Integrated Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Integrated Plant Energy Management -- 

Other_Motors 

50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Other_Motors 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Transformers-New -- 

Material_Processing 

0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Transformers-New -- Other_Motors 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Petroleum Coal Products Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-132 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Petroleum Coal Products Process Aircomp Air Compressor Equipment2 35% 10 $0.00 17% $0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Process Aircomp Air Compressor Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 36% $-0.04 Petroleum Coal Products Process Aircomp Energy Project Management 29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Process Aircomp Integrated Plant Energy Management 50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 Petroleum Coal Products Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Process Aircomp Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Pumps Energy Project Management 29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Pumps Integrated Plant Energy Management 50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 Petroleum Coal Products Pumps Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Pumps Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Pumps Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Pumps Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Pumps Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Pumps Pump Energy Management 8% 10 $0.00 31% $0.02 Petroleum Coal Products Pumps Pump Equipment Upgrade 20% 10 $0.00 34% $0.02 Petroleum Coal Products Pumps Pump System Optimization 50% 12 $0.00 15% $-0.07 Petroleum Coal Products Pumps Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Pumps Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Petroleum Coal Products Pumps Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Fans Fan Energy Mangement 10% 10 $0.00 27% $0.02 Plastics Rubber Products Fans Fan Equipment Upgrade 35% 10 $0.00 23% $0.02 Plastics Rubber Products Fans Fan System Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 30% $-0.02 Plastics Rubber Products Fans Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Fans Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Fans Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Hvac Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Hvac Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Lighting Efficient Lighting 3 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Lighting HighBay Lighting 3 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 19% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-133 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Plastics Rubber Products Process Aircomp Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Pumps Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Pumps Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Pumps Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Pumps Pump Energy Management 8% 10 $0.00 31% $0.02 Plastics Rubber Products Pumps Pump Equipment Upgrade 20% 10 $0.00 34% $0.02 Plastics Rubber Products Pumps Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Pumps Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Pumps Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Fans Fan Energy Mangement 10% 10 $0.00 27% $0.02 Primary Metal Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Fans Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Hvac Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Hvac Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 3 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 20% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 3 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 29% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-134 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Handling 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Other_Motors 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Material_Handling 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- Material_Handling 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- 

Material_Processing 

0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- Other_Motors 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Handling 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Aircomp Air Compressor Equipment2 35% 10 $0.00 17% $0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Aircomp Air Compressor Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 36% $-0.04 Primary Metal Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Aircomp Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Electro 

Chemical 

Metal: New Arc Furnace 45% 10 $0.00 10% $-1.88 

Primary Metal Mfg Process Electro 

Chemical 

Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Process Electro 

Chemical 

Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Primary Metal Mfg Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Other Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-135 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Primary Metal Mfg Process Other Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Process Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 501-5000 HP 1% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 6% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Pumps Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Pumps Pump Energy Management 8% 10 $0.00 31% $0.02 Primary Metal Mfg Pumps Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Pumps Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Primary Metal Mfg Pumps Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Fans Fan Energy Mangement 10% 10 $0.00 27% $0.02 Printing Related Support Fans Fan Equipment Upgrade 35% 10 $0.00 23% $0.02 Printing Related Support Fans Fan System Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 30% $-0.02 Printing Related Support Fans Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Fans Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Printing Related Support Fans Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Hvac Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Hvac Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Lighting Efficient Lighting 3 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Lighting HighBay Lighting 3 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 19% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 Printing Related Support Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Printing Related Support Process Aircomp Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Process Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Process Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Process Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Process Other Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Printing Related Support Process Other Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Process Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Process Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Pumps Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 17% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-136 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Printing Related Support Pumps Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 0% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Pumps Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Printing Related Support Pumps Pump Energy Management 8% 10 $0.00 31% $0.02 Printing Related Support Pumps Pump Equipment Upgrade 20% 10 $0.00 34% $0.02 Printing Related Support Pumps Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Pumps Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Printing Related Support Pumps Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Fans Fan Energy Mangement 10% 10 $0.00 27% $0.02 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Fans Fan Equipment Upgrade 35% 10 $0.00 23% $0.02 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Fans Fan System Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 30% $-0.02 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Fans Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Hvac Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Hvac Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Lighting Efficient Lighting 1 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 1% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Lighting HighBay Lighting 1 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 2% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Handling 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Other_Motors 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Material_Handling 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Motors Other Transformers-New -- Material_Handling 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-137 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Motors Other Transformers-New -- 

Material_Processing 

0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Motors Other Transformers-New -- Other_Motors 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Handling 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Aircomp Air Compressor Equipment2 35% 10 $0.00 17% $0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Aircomp Air Compressor Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 36% $-0.04 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Aircomp Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 13% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Other Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Other Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Wastewater Lighting Efficient Lighting 1 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 1% $-0.01 Wastewater Lighting HighBay Lighting 1 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 2% $-0.01 Wastewater Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Wastewater Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Wastewater Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Wastewater Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Wastewater Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Wastewater Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 Wastewater Process Aircomp Air Compressor Equipment2 35% 10 $0.00 17% $0.01 Wastewater Process Aircomp Air Compressor Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 36% $-0.04 Wastewater Process Aircomp Energy Project Management 29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 Wastewater Process Aircomp Integrated Plant Energy Management 50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 Wastewater Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-138 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Wastewater Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Wastewater Process Aircomp Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Wastewater Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Wastewater Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Wastewater Pumps Energy Project Management 29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 Wastewater Pumps Integrated Plant Energy Management 50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 Wastewater Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Wastewater Pumps Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Wastewater Pumps Pump Energy Management 8% 10 $0.00 31% $0.02 Wastewater Pumps Pump Equipment Upgrade 20% 10 $0.00 34% $0.02 Wastewater Pumps Pump System Optimization 50% 12 $0.00 15% $-0.07 Wastewater Pumps Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Wastewater Pumps Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Wastewater Pumps Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Water Fans Energy Project Management 29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 Water Fans Fan Energy Mangement 10% 10 $0.00 27% $0.02 Water Fans Fan Equipment Upgrade 35% 10 $0.00 23% $0.02 Water Fans Fan System Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 30% $-0.02 Water Fans Integrated Plant Energy Management 50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 Water Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Water Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Water Fans Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Water Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Water Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Water Lighting Efficient Lighting 1 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 1% $-0.01 Water Lighting HighBay Lighting 1 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 2% $-0.01 Water Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Water Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Water Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Water Motors Other Energy Project Management -- 

Other_Motors 

29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Water Motors Other Integrated Plant Energy Management -- 

Other_Motors 

50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 

Water Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Water Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Other_Motors 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Water Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Water Motors Other Transformers-New -- Other_Motors 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Water Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Water Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Water Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Water Pumps Energy Project Management 29% 11 $0.00 27% $0.01 Water Pumps Integrated Plant Energy Management 50% 11 $0.00 22% $-0.04 Water Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 Water Pumps Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Water Pumps Pump Energy Management 8% 10 $0.00 31% $0.02 Water Pumps Pump Equipment Upgrade 20% 10 $0.00 34% $0.02 Water Pumps Pump System Optimization 50% 12 $0.00 15% $-0.07 Water Pumps Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Water Pumps Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Water Pumps Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-139 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Wood Product Mfg Fans Fan Energy Mangement 10% 10 $0.00 27% $0.02 Wood Product Mfg Fans Fan Equipment Upgrade 35% 10 $0.00 23% $0.02 Wood Product Mfg Fans Fan System Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 30% $-0.02 Wood Product Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 29% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Fans Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Wood Product Mfg Fans Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Fans Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Fans Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Hvac Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Hvac Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 1 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 4% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 2 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 5% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 3 Shift 70% 10 $0.00 10% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 1 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 7% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 2 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 7% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 3 Shift 51% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Lighting Lighting Controls 28% 10 $0.00 15% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Lighting Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Lighting Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Efficient Centrifugal Fan -- 

Material_Handling 

20% 10 $0.00 11% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Material Handling VFD2 -- 

Material_Handling 

19% 10 $0.00 53% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Material Handling2 -- Material_Handling 5% 10 $0.00 53% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 29% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 29% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 29% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Handling 

1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Material_Processing 

1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP -- 

Other_Motors 

1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Handling 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Material_Processing 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-140 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per kWh

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

kWh) 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Plant Energy Management -- 

Other_Motors 

12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Material_Handling 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Synchronous Belts -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- Material_Handling 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- 

Material_Processing 

0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Transformers-New -- Other_Motors 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Handling 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- 

Material_Processing 

2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 

Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Transformers-Retrofit -- Other_Motors 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Motors Other Wood: Replace Pneumatic Conveyor -- 

Material_Handling 

29% 10 $0.00 50% $-0.07 

Wood Product Mfg Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Aircomp Air Compressor Demand Reduction 20% 10 $0.00 26% $0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Aircomp Air Compressor Equipment2 35% 10 $0.00 17% $0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Aircomp Air Compressor Optimization 50% 10 $0.00 36% $-0.04 Wood Product Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 29% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 ood Product Mfg Process Aircomp Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Aircomp Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Aircomp Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Aircomp Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Heat Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Heat Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 101-200 HP 1% 10 $0.00 29% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 20-50 HP 1% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 201-500 HP 1% 10 $0.00 8% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Other Motors: Rewind 51-100 HP 1% 10 $0.00 12% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Other Plant Energy Management 12% 10 $0.00 27% $0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Other Synchronous Belts 2% 10 $0.00 21% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Other Transformers-New 0% 32 $0.00 37% $-0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Other Transformers-Retrofit 2% 10 $0.00 9% $-0.01 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-141 

Table B.3.4. Residential Gas Measure Details 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Manufactured Dryer Dryer, Advanced 

Efficiency EF = 2.93 

Advanced Efficiency Dryer EF = 2.93 

Standard Dryer EF = 2.67 Per installation Existing 3 14 $224 100% 

Manufactured Dryer Dryer, Advanced 

Efficiency EF = 2.93 

Advanced Efficiency Dryer EF = 2.93 

Standard Dryer EF = 2.67 Per installation New 3 14 $224 100% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation Existing 61 5 $576 25% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 3 30 $25 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 11 25 $338 40% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 173 25 $1,559 75% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 348 25 $1,559 75% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Central Heat Boiler, AFUE = 94% 

AFUE = 94% AFUE = 82% Per installation Existing 81 20 $1,053 100% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 9 20 $25 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 6 20 $54 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 3 6 $46 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Floor Insulation (WA) above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 16 25 $445 25% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Floor Insulation (WA) zero to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 331 25 $1,680 25% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Infiltration Control (Caulk, Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 61 11 $449 75% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation Existing 12 15 $5 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 12 25 $672 25% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation Existing 41 11 $1,083 50% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 197 25 $1,647 85% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 1 25 $341 65% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 15 25 $3,514 65% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 23 25 $3,514 65% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation New 56 5 $576 25% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 14 25 $454 60% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Central Heat Boiler, AFUE = 94% 

AFUE = 94% AFUE = 82% Per installation New 76 20 $1,053 100% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 8 20 $25 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 5 20 $54 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Floor Insulation (WA) above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 15 25 $599 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-142 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 39 40 $19,076 20% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation New 11 15 $5 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 11 25 $893 50% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 1 25 $795 75% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation New 38 11 $1,083 50% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 40 25 $973 50% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 2 25 $458 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Boiler 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 1 25 $395 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation Existing 46 5 $576 25% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 2 30 $25 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 8 25 $338 40% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 132 25 $1,559 75% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 265 25 $1,559 75% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Central Heat Furnace, AFUE = 95% 

AFUE = 95% AFUE = 80% Per installation Existing 78 20 $596 100% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 7 20 $25 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 4 20 $54 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 3 6 $46 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Duct Insulation Upgrade R-8 (code) R-4 Per installation Existing 18 20 $672 75% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Duct Sealing Duct Sealing No Duct Sealing Per installation Existing 46 18 $383 75% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Floor Insulation (WA) above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 12 25 $445 25% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Floor Insulation (WA) zero to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 253 25 $1,680 25% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Infiltration Control (Caulk, Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 46 11 $449 75% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation Existing 9 15 $5 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 9 25 $672 25% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation Existing 31 11 $1,083 50% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 150 25 $1,647 85% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 1 25 $341 65% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 11 25 $3,514 65% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-143 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 18 25 $3,514 65% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation New 42 5 $576 25% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 11 25 $454 60% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Central Heat Furnace, AFUE = 95% 

AFUE = 95% AFUE = 80% Per installation New 70 20 $596 100% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 6 20 $25 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 4 20 $54 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Floor Insulation (WA) above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 11 25 $599 75% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 29 40 $19,076 20% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation New 8 15 $5 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 8 25 $893 50% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 1 25 $795 75% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation New 28 11 $1,083 50% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 30 25 $973 50% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 2 25 $458 95% 

Manufactured Heat Central 

Furnace 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 1 25 $395 95% 

Manufactured Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 1 (MEF 

2.0 - 2.19) - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation Existing 4 14 $227 100% 

Manufactured Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 2 (MEF 

2.2 - 2.45) - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation Existing 5 14 $296 100% 

Manufactured Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 3 (MEF 

2.46 or higher) Top 10% of Energy Star Model - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation Existing 5 14 $317 100% 

Manufactured Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation Existing 1 12 $42 71% 

Manufactured Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation Existing 1 12 $42 71% 

Manufactured Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation Existing 19 40 $540 29% 

Manufactured Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation Existing 19 40 $540 29% 

Manufactured Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation Existing 2 5 $23 95% Manufactured Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation Existing 2 5 $23 95% Manufactured Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation Existing 4 10 $16 95% Manufactured Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation Existing 4 10 $16 95% Manufactured Water Heat Water Heater, EF = 0.80 EF = 0.80 EF = 0.62 Per installation Existing 34 11 $208 100% Manufactured Water Heat Water Heater, Tankless 

EF = 0.82 2.5 GPM 

EF = 0.82 EF = 0.62 Per installation Existing 44 11 $594 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-144 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Manufactured Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation Existing 9 5 $8 95% 

Manufactured Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation Existing 9 5 $8 95% 

Manufactured Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 1 (MEF 

2.0 - 2.19) - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation New 4 14 $227 100% 

Manufactured Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 2 (MEF 

2.2 - 2.45) - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation New 5 14 $296 100% 

Manufactured Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 3 (MEF 

2.46 or higher) Top 10% of Energy Star Model - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation New 6 14 $317 100% 

Manufactured Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation New 1 12 $42 71% 

Manufactured Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation New 1 12 $42 71% 

Manufactured Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation New 19 40 $459 59% 

Manufactured Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation New 19 40 $459 59% 

Manufactured Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation New 2 5 $23 95% Manufactured Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation New 2 5 $23 95% Manufactured Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation New 5 10 $9 95% Manufactured Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation New 5 10 $9 95% Manufactured Water Heat Water Heater, EF = 0.80 EF = 0.80 EF = 0.62 Per installation New 41 11 $208 100% Manufactured Water Heat Water Heater, Tankless 

EF = 0.82 2.5 GPM 

EF = 0.82 EF = 0.62 Per installation New 55 11 $390 75% 

Manufactured Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation New 11 5 $8 95% 

Manufactured Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation New 11 5 $8 95% 

Multi Family Dryer Dryer, Advanced 

Efficiency EF = 2.93 

Advanced Efficiency Dryer EF = 2.93 

Standard Dryer EF = 2.67 Per installation Existing 3 14 $224 100% 

Multi Family Dryer Dryer, Advanced 

Efficiency EF = 2.93 

Advanced Efficiency Dryer EF = 2.93 

Standard Dryer EF = 2.67 Per installation New 3 14 $224 100% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation Existing 44 5 $576 25% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 6 30 $25 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 8 30 $119 75% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 125 30 $549 75% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 251 30 $549 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Central Heat Boiler, AFUE = 94% 

AFUE = 94% AFUE = 82% Per installation Existing 59 20 $1,053 100% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 13 20 $25 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 8 20 $54 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 5 6 $46 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Floor Insulation (WA) above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 12 30 $157 25% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-145 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Floor Insulation (WA) zero to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 239 30 $592 25% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Infiltration Control (Caulk, Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 44 11 $358 75% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation Existing 8 15 $5 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 8 30 $249 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation Existing 30 11 $1,083 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 143 30 $978 85% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 1 30 $202 51% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 11 30 $2,086 51% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 17 30 $2,086 51% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation New 37 5 $576 25% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 9 30 $166 90% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Central Heat Boiler, AFUE = 94% 

AFUE = 94% AFUE = 82% Per installation New 51 20 $1,053 100% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Construction - ICF Concrete Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 166 45 $3,569 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Construction - SIP Specialty Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 45 45 $1,387 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 11 20 $25 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 7 20 $54 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Floor Insulation (WA) above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 10 30 $219 75% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 26 40 $7,290 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation New 7 15 $5 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 7 30 $341 75% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 1 45 $795 40% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation New 25 11 $1,083 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 27 30 $588 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 1 30 $277 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 1 30 $239 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation Existing 35 5 $576 25% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 4 30 $25 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 6 30 $119 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-146 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 100 30 $549 75% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 200 30 $549 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Central Heat Furnace, AFUE = 95% 

AFUE = 95% AFUE = 80% Per installation Existing 59 20 $596 100% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 10 20 $25 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 7 20 $54 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 4 6 $46 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Duct Insulation Upgrade R-8 (code) R-4 Per installation Existing 14 20 $672 75% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Duct Sealing Duct Sealing No Duct Sealing Per installation Existing 35 18 $383 75% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Floor Insulation (WA) above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 9 30 $157 25% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Floor Insulation (WA) zero to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 191 30 $592 25% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Infiltration Control (Caulk, Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 35 11 $358 75% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation Existing 7 15 $5 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 7 30 $249 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation Existing 24 11 $1,083 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 114 30 $978 85% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 0.82 30 $202 51% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 8 30 $2,086 51% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 13 30 $2,086 51% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation New 31 5 $576 25% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 8 30 $166 90% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Central Heat Furnace, AFUE = 95% 

AFUE = 95% AFUE = 80% Per installation New 53 20 $596 100% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Construction - ICF Concrete Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 139 45 $3,569 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Construction - SIP Specialty Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 38 45 $1,387 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 9 20 $25 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 6 20 $54 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Floor Insulation (WA) above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 8 30 $219 75% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 22 40 $7,290 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation New 6 15 $5 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-147 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 6 30 $341 75% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 0.98 45 $795 40% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation New 21 11 $1,083 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 22 30 $588 50% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 1 30 $277 95% 

Multi Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 1 30 $239 95% 

Multi Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 1 (MEF 

2.0 - 2.19) - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation Existing 4 14 $227 79% 

Multi Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 2 (MEF 

2.2 - 2.45) - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation Existing 5 14 $296 79% 

Multi Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 3 (MEF 

2.46 or higher) Top 10% of Energy Star Model - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation Existing 5 14 $317 79% 

Multi Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation Existing 1 12 $42 58% 

Multi Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation Existing 1 12 $42 58% 

Multi Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation Existing 19 40 $540 29% 

Multi Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation Existing 19 40 $540 29% 

Multi Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation Existing 2 5 $23 95% Multi Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation Existing 2 5 $23 95% Multi Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation Existing 4 10 $16 95% Multi Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation Existing 4 10 $16 95% Multi Family Water Heat Water Heater, EF = 0.80 EF = 0.80 EF = 0.62 Per installation Existing 30 11 $208 100% Multi Family Water Heat Water Heater, Tankless 

EF = 0.82 2.5 GPM 

EF = 0.82 EF = 0.62 Per installation Existing 39 11 $594 75% 

Multi Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation Existing 8 5 $8 95% 

Multi Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation Existing 8 5 $8 95% 

Multi Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 1 (MEF 

2.0 - 2.19) - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation New 4 14 $227 79% 

Multi Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 2 (MEF 

2.2 - 2.45) - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation New 5 14 $296 79% 

Multi Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 3 (MEF 

2.46 or higher) Top 10% of Energy Star Model - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation New 6 14 $317 79% 

Multi Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation New 1 12 $42 58% 

Multi Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation New 1 12 $42 58% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-148 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Multi Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation New 19 40 $459 59% 

Multi Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation New 19 40 $459 59% 

Multi Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation New 2 5 $23 95% Multi Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation New 2 5 $23 95% Multi Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation New 5 10 $9 95% Multi Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation New 5 10 $9 95% Multi Family Water Heat Water Heater, EF = 0.80 EF = 0.80 EF = 0.62 Per installation New 37 11 $208 100% Multi Family Water Heat Water Heater, Tankless 

EF = 0.82 2.5 GPM 

EF = 0.82 EF = 0.62 Per installation New 49 11 $390 75% 

Multi Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation New 10 5 $8 95% 

Multi Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation New 10 5 $8 95% 

Single Family Dryer Dryer, Advanced 

Efficiency EF = 2.93 

Advanced Efficiency Dryer EF = 2.93 

Standard Dryer EF = 2.67 Per installation Existing 3 14 $224 100% 

Single Family Dryer Dryer, Advanced 

Efficiency EF = 2.93 

Advanced Efficiency Dryer EF = 2.93 

Standard Dryer EF = 2.67 Per installation New 3 14 $224 100% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation Existing 75 5 $576 50% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 2 30 $25 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 14 30 $564 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 214 30 $2,602 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 429 30 $2,602 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Central Heat Boiler, AFUE = 94% 

AFUE = 94% AFUE = 82% Per installation Existing 101 20 $1,053 100% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 11 20 $25 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 7 20 $54 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 4 6 $46 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Floor Insulation (WA) above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 20 30 $743 25% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Floor Insulation (WA) zero to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 409 30 $2,802 25% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Infiltration Control (Caulk, Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 75 11 $575 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation Existing 15 15 $5 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 15 30 $1,101 50% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation Existing 51 11 $1,271 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 244 30 $2,128 85% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 1 30 $440 65% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 18 30 $4,539 65% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-149 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 29 30 $4,539 65% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation New 60 5 $576 50% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 15 30 $659 90% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Central Heat Boiler, AFUE = 94% 

AFUE = 94% AFUE = 82% Per installation New 80 20 $1,053 100% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Construction - ICF Concrete Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 264 45 $7,109 50% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Construction - SIP Specialty Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 72 45 $2,763 50% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 9 20 $25 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 6 20 $54 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Floor Insulation (WA) above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 16 30 $869 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 42 40 $27,367 50% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation New 12 15 $5 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 12 30 $1,282 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 1 45 $795 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Thermal Shell - Infiltration @0.2 ACH w/HRV 

0.2 ACH w/HRV Standard New 

Construction Home 0.35 ACH 

Per installation New 117 30 $1,209 85% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation New 40 11 $1,271 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 42 30 $1,172 50% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 2 30 $552 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Boiler 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 1 30 $476 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation Existing 61 5 $576 50% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

Canned Lighting Air Tight Sealing 

No Air tight Sealing Per installation Existing 2 30 $25 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation Existing 11 30 $564 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) ave to code 

R-49 R-10 Per installation Existing 174 30 $2,602 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) zero to code 

R-49 R-0 Per installation Existing 349 30 $2,602 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Central Heat Furnace, AFUE = 95% 

AFUE = 95% AFUE = 80% Per installation Existing 102 20 $596 100% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 9 20 $25 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation Existing 6 20 $54 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Doors - Weatherization Weatherstripping And 

Adding Door Sweeps 

Existing Non-Efficient door 

Per installation Existing 3 6 $46 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Duct Insulation Upgrade R-8 (code) R-4 Per installation Existing 24 20 $672 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-150 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Duct Sealing Duct Sealing No Duct Sealing Per installation Existing 61 18 $535 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Floor Insulation (WA) above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation Existing 16 30 $743 25% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Floor Insulation (WA) zero to code 

R-30 R-0 Per installation Existing 333 30 $2,802 25% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Infiltration Control (Caulk, Weather Strip, etc.) Blower-Door test 

Install Caulking And Weatherstripping 

Existing Infiltration Conditions 

Per installation Existing 61 11 $575 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation Existing 12 15 $5 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation Existing 12 30 $1,101 50% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation Existing 41 11 $1,271 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Wall Insulation 2x4 (WA) zero to max feasible 

R-13 R-0 Per installation Existing 198 30 $2,128 85% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation Existing 1 30 $440 65% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL30 Double Pane Per installation Existing 15 30 $4,539 65% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL30 Single Pane Per installation Existing 24 30 $4,539 65% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

Air-to-Air Heat Exchangers 

No Air to Air Heat Exchangers 

Per installation New 45 5 $576 50% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Ceiling Insulation (WA) above code 

R-60 R-49 Per installation New 11 30 $659 90% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Central Heat Furnace, AFUE = 95% 

AFUE = 95% AFUE = 80% Per installation New 77 20 $596 100% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Construction - ICF Concrete Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 202 45 $7,109 50% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Construction - SIP Specialty Framing Standard Wood Framing Per installation New 55 45 $2,763 50% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Doors R-11 (Steel Doors with 

foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 6 20 $25 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors 

with foam core) 

Standard non-thermal wood door (R-2.5) 

Per installation New 4 20 $54 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Floor Insulation (WA) above code 

R-38 R-30 Per installation New 12 30 $869 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Green Roof ecoroof Standard Roof Per installation New 32 40 $27,367 50% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Proper Sizing - HVAC Unit 

Oversized HVAC Unit Per installation New 9 15 $5 95% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Radiant Barrier (Ceiling) Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per installation New 9 30 $1,282 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Smart Siting Siting house to minimize 

heating/cooling costs 

No smart siting Per installation New 1 45 $795 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Thermal Shell - Infiltration @0.2 ACH w/HRV 

0.2 ACH w/HRV Standard New 

Construction Home 0.35 ACH 

Per installation New 89 30 $1,209 85% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Thermostat - Multi-Zone Individual Room 

Temperature Control for Major Occupied Rooms 

Programmable Thermostat - Central Control Only 

Per installation New 31 11 $1,271 75% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Wall Insulation 2x6 (WA) above code 

R-21+R-5 sheathing R-21 Per installation New 32 30 $1,172 50% 

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL22 CL30 Per installation New 2 30 $552 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-151 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Single Family Heat Central 

Furnace 

Windows (Same for all Building Types) 

CL25 CL30 Per installation New 1 30 $476 95% 

Single Family Pool Heat Pool Heaters, Standard 

Heaters - 88% efficiency 

88% efficiency 83% efficiency Per installation Existing 14 8 $460 100% 

Single Family Pool Heat Pool Heaters, Standard 

Heaters - 88% efficiency 

88% efficiency 83% efficiency Per installation New 14 8 $460 100% 

Single Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 1 (MEF 

2.0 - 2.19) - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation Existing 4 14 $227 99% 

Single Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 2 (MEF 

2.2 - 2.45) - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation Existing 5 14 $296 99% 

Single Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 3 (MEF 

2.46 or higher) Top 10% of Energy Star Model - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation Existing 5 14 $317 99% 

Single Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation Existing 1 12 $42 71% 

Single Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation Existing 1 12 $42 71% 

Single Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation Existing 19 40 $540 29% 

Single Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation Existing 19 40 $540 29% 

Single Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation Existing 2 5 $23 95% Single Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation Existing 2 5 $23 95% Single Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation Existing 4 10 $16 95% Single Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation Existing 4 10 $16 95% Single Family Water Heat Water Heater, EF = 0.80 EF = 0.80 EF = 0.62 Per installation Existing 51 11 $208 100% Single Family Water Heat Water Heater, Tankless 

EF = 0.82 2.5 GPM 

EF = 0.82 EF = 0.62 Per installation Existing 68 11 $594 75% 

Single Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation Existing 14 5 $8 95% 

Single Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation Existing 14 5 $8 95% 

Single Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 1 (MEF 

2.0 - 2.19) - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation New 4 14 $227 99% 

Single Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 2 (MEF 

2.2 - 2.45) - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation New 5 14 $296 99% 

Single Family Water Heat Clothes Washer Energy Star - Tier 3 (MEF 

2.46 or higher) Top 10% of Energy Star Model - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

MEF = 1.66 - Gas DHW & Gas Dryer 

Per installation New 6 14 $317 99% 

Single Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation New 1 12 $42 71% 

Single Family Water Heat Dishwasher Energy Star, July 1st 

2011, <= 307 kWh/year , <= 5.0 gallons/cycle 

Energy Star - EF65 (6th Plan Baseline) 

Per installation New 1 12 $42 71% 

Single Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation New 19 40 $526 59% 

Single Family Water Heat Drain Water Heat 

Recovery (GFX) 

Gravity Film Heat Exchanger 

No Heat Exchanger Per installation New 19 40 $526 59% 

Single Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation New 2 5 $23 95% Single Family Water Heat Hot Water Pipe Insulation R-4 Wrap No insulation Per installation New 2 5 $23 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-152 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Single Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation New 5 10 $9 95% Single Family Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM Per installation New 5 10 $9 95% Single Family Water Heat Water Heater, EF = 0.80 EF = 0.80 EF = 0.62 Per installation New 64 11 $208 100% Single Family Water Heat Water Heater, Tankless 

EF = 0.82 2.5 GPM 

EF = 0.82 EF = 0.62 Per installation New 84 11 $390 75% 

Single Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation New 17 5 $8 95% 

Single Family Water Heat Water_Heater Thermostat 

Setback 

120 degrees 135 degrees Per installation New 17 5 $8 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-153 

Table B.3.5. Commercial Gas Measure Details 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

Existing 6 20 $93 10% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Convert Constant Volume Air System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System 

Constant Volume Air System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.00 15 $2 15% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit (Morning Warm-Up Control Logic Included in This Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 15 $0.26 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

Existing 2 5 $169 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 3 5 $122 50% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.01 10 $0.91 5% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation Existing 157 20 $1,719 100% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft 

Existing 0.08 10 $0.21 10% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-7 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.02 25 $1 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.01 25 $0.92 35% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.04 25 $2 10% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 19 15 $135 95% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.01 10 $2 25% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Steam Pipe Insulation R-4 R-0 Linear Foot Existing 0.91 20 $13 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Steam Trap Maintenance Actively stop steam trap 

leaks 

No Maintanence Per Steam 

Trap 

Existing 12 3 $129 90% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.68 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.01 25 $63 10% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

New 6 20 $93 10% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

New 1 5 $169 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.00 10 $0.91 5% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation New 88 20 $977 100% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.29 35% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-154 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Integrated Space Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 33 15 $2,001 50% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 10 15 $135 95% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $2 50% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.01 10 $0.91 5% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 160 18 $1,298 28% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 224 18 $1,298 28% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-7 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.02 25 $1 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface 

area of duct insul 

Existing 0.05 25 $2 10% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.02 25 $0.92 35% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.06 25 $2 10% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 28 15 $135 95% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

Building SQFT Existing 0.01 7 $0.18 90% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.68 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.01 25 $63 10% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.00 10 $0.91 5% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 90 18 $2,213 28% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 126 18 $2,213 28% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.29 35% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that 

do not require mastic or drawbands 

Std duct workmanship per linear feet 

of duct insula 

New 0.22 30 $5 50% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Space Heat Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 16 15 $135 95% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 46 10 $8,367 5% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 46 10 $8,367 5% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-155 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Clothes Washer 

Commercial 

Energy Star Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.73 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.26 (Federal Code)

per installation Existing 11 10 $240 5% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.26 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $42 24% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $42 24% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation Existing 517 10 $2,558 95% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 407 10 $3,647 95% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 40 25 $805 5% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 40 25 $805 5% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 0.38 12 $2 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 0.38 12 $2 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 2 5 $5 95% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 2 5 $5 95% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 36 14 $204 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $192 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $192 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 105 13 $594 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 15 5 $94 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 46 10 $8,367 5% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 46 10 $8,367 5% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Clothes Washer 

Commercial 

Energy Star Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.73 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.26 (Federal Code)

per installation New 11 10 $240 5% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.26 90% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $42 24% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $42 24% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation New 506 10 $2,558 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-156 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 398 10 $3,650 95% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 40 25 $644 25% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 40 25 $644 25% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Integrated Space 

Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 23 15 $2,001 50% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 2 5 $5 95% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 2 5 $5 95% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 39 14 $291 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $192 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $192 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 113 13 $594 75% 

Dry Goods Retail 

Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 15 5 $94 75% 

Grocery Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler 

(34% Efficient) 

Standard Broiler (15% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 2,168 10 $186 95% 

Grocery Cooking Fryers - Commercial Gas 

Cooking 

Energy Star Commercial Fryer (50% efficient) 

Non-Energy Star Fryer (35% efficient) 

per installation Existing 191 8 $1,121 45% 

Grocery Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle 

(40% Efficient) 

Standard Griddle (32% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 17 12 $1,186 45% 

Grocery Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 250 12 $418 85% 

Grocery Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 250 12 $418 85% 

Grocery Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model 

(23% Efficient) 

Standard Model (15% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 12,187 10 $2,741 5% 

Grocery Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner Oven - 

Improved Atmospheric Burner (60% Efficient) 

Standard (40%-50% Efficiency) 

per installation Existing 4,379 12 $5,234 25% 

Grocery Cooking Steam Cooker Energy Star Steam 

Cooker (38% Efficient) 

Standard Cooker (30% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 1,442 12 $2,142 25% 

Grocery Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler 

(34% Efficient) 

Standard Broiler (15% Efficient) 

per installation New 2,168 10 $186 95% 

Grocery Cooking Fryers - Commercial Gas 

Cooking 

Energy Star Commercial Fryer (50% efficient) 

Non-Energy Star Fryer (35% efficient) 

per installation New 191 8 $1,121 45% 

Grocery Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle 

(40% Efficient) 

Standard Griddle (32% Efficient) 

per installation New 17 12 $1,186 45% 

Grocery Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 250 12 $418 85% 

Grocery Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 250 12 $418 85% 

Grocery Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model 

(23% Efficient) 

Standard Model (15% Efficient) 

per installation New 12,187 10 $2,741 5% 

Grocery Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner Oven - 

Improved Atmospheric Burner (60% Efficient) 

Standard (40%-50% Efficiency) 

per installation New 4,379 12 $5,234 25% 

Grocery Cooking Steam Cooker Energy Star Steam 

Cooker (38% Efficient) 

Standard Cooker (30% Efficient) 

per installation New 1,442 12 $2,142 25% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-157 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

Existing 21 20 $94 10% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit (Morning Warm-Up Control Logic Included in This Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.01 15 $0.27 75% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

Existing 7 5 $171 75% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 11 5 $123 50% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.37 45% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.03 10 $0.93 5% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 339 10 $5,374 64% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation Existing 1,481 20 $4,853 100% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft 

Existing 0.30 10 $0.22 10% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.00 25 $0.49 75% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-7 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.06 25 $1 75% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.06 25 $0.93 35% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.16 25 $2 10% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 192 15 $136 95% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.05 10 $2 25% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Pipe Insulation R-4 R-0 Linear Foot Existing 5 20 $13 75% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Trap Maintenance Actively stop steam trap 

leaks 

No Maintanence Per Steam 

Trap 

Existing 40 3 $131 90% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.03 25 $64 10% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

New 20 20 $94 10% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

New 1 5 $171 75% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.37 45% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.00 10 $0.93 5% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 71 10 $5,374 64% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation New 322 20 $1,055 100% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-158 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.49 75% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.29 35% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Integrated Space Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 112 15 $2,033 50% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 40 15 $136 95% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.01 10 $2 50% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.37 45% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.05 10 $0.93 5% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 491 10 $5,374 64% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 1,506 18 $3,666 28% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 2,116 18 $3,666 28% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.00 25 $0.49 75% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-7 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.09 25 $1 75% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface 

area of duct insul 

Existing 0.18 25 $2 10% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.09 25 $0.93 35% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.25 25 $2 10% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 277 15 $136 95% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

Building SQFT Existing 0.04 7 $0.18 90% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.04 25 $64 10% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.37 45% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.01 10 $0.93 5% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 105 10 $5,374 64% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 325 18 $2,393 28% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 459 18 $2,393 28% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.49 75% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.29 35% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-159 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that 

do not require mastic or drawbands 

Std duct workmanship per linear feet 

of duct insula 

New 0.29 30 $5 50% 

Grocery Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 59 15 $136 95% 

Grocery Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.27 75% 

Grocery Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $44 24% 

Grocery Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $44 24% 

Grocery Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation Existing 520 10 $2,608 95% 

Grocery Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 409 10 $3,715 95% 

Grocery Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 77 25 $817 5% 

Grocery Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 77 25 $817 5% 

Grocery Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 1 12 $2 75% 

Grocery Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 1 12 $2 75% 

Grocery Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 2 5 $5 95% 

Grocery Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 2 5 $5 95% 

Grocery Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 468 14 $1,381 75% Grocery Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 15 10 $195 75% 

Grocery Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 15 10 $195 75% 

Grocery Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.01 10 $0.88 75% 

Grocery Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.01 10 $0.88 75% 

Grocery Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 1,350 13 $4,018 75% 

Grocery Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 29 5 $95 75% 

Grocery Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.27 90% 

Grocery Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $44 24% 

Grocery Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $44 24% 

Grocery Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation New 508 10 $2,604 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-160 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Grocery Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 400 10 $3,720 95% 

Grocery Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 77 25 $653 25% 

Grocery Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 77 25 $653 25% 

Grocery Water Heat Integrated Space 

Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 273 15 $2,033 50% 

Grocery Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 2 5 $5 95% 

Grocery Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 2 5 $5 95% 

Grocery Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 502 14 $1,971 75% Grocery Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 15 10 $195 75% 

Grocery Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 15 10 $195 75% 

Grocery Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.01 10 $0.88 75% 

Grocery Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.01 10 $0.88 75% 

Grocery Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 1,449 13 $4,018 75% 

Grocery Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 29 5 $95 75% 

Hospital Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler 

(34% Efficient) 

Standard Broiler (15% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 2,870 10 $423 95% 

Hospital Cooking Fryers - Commercial Gas 

Cooking 

Energy Star Commercial Fryer (50% efficient) 

Non-Energy Star Fryer (35% efficient) 

per installation Existing 19 8 $847 45% 

Hospital Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle 

(40% Efficient) 

Standard Griddle (32% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 3 12 $1,126 45% 

Hospital Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 124 12 $415 85% 

Hospital Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 124 12 $415 85% 

Hospital Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model 

(23% Efficient) 

Standard Model (15% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 16,137 10 $2,965 5% 

Hospital Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner Oven - 

Improved Atmospheric Burner (60% Efficient) 

Standard (40%-50% Efficiency) 

per installation Existing 5,799 12 $5,083 25% 

Hospital Cooking Steam Cooker Energy Star Steam 

Cooker (38% Efficient) 

Standard Cooker (30% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 716 12 $2,066 25% 

Hospital Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler 

(34% Efficient) 

Standard Broiler (15% Efficient) 

per installation New 2,870 10 $423 95% 

Hospital Cooking Fryers - Commercial Gas 

Cooking 

Energy Star Commercial Fryer (50% efficient) 

Non-Energy Star Fryer (35% efficient) 

per installation New 19 8 $847 45% 

Hospital Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle 

(40% Efficient) 

Standard Griddle (32% Efficient) 

per installation New 3 12 $1,126 45% 

Hospital Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 124 12 $415 85% 

Hospital Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 124 12 $415 85% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-161 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Hospital Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model 

(23% Efficient) 

Standard Model (15% Efficient) 

per installation New 16,137 10 $2,965 5% 

Hospital Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner Oven - 

Improved Atmospheric Burner (60% Efficient) 

Standard (40%-50% Efficiency) 

per installation New 5,799 12 $5,083 25% 

Hospital Cooking Steam Cooker Energy Star Steam 

Cooker (38% Efficient) 

Standard Cooker (30% Efficient) 

per installation New 716 12 $2,066 25% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

Existing 96 15 $726 5% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

Existing 29 20 $92 10% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Convert Constant Volume Air System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System 

Constant Volume Air System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.04 15 $2 15% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit (Morning Warm-Up Control Logic Included in This Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.01 15 $0.26 35% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

Existing 10 5 $166 75% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 15 5 $120 75% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.04 10 $0.90 5% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 246 10 $5,215 62% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation Existing 1,059 20 $2,502 100% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft 

Existing 0.42 10 $0.21 10% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.01 25 $0.47 75% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-11 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.09 25 $1 75% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-19 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.04 25 $0.90 35% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.47 25 $2 10% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 99 15 $132 95% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.08 10 $2 25% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Pipe Insulation R-4 R-0 Linear Foot Existing 5 20 $13 75% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Trap Maintenance Actively stop steam trap 

leaks 

No Maintanence Per Steam 

Trap 

Existing 54 3 $127 90% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.05 25 $62 10% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

New 91 15 $387 5% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-162 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

New 28 20 $91 10% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

New 9 5 $166 75% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.04 10 $0.90 5% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 233 10 $5,215 62% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation New 748 20 $2,459 100% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.01 25 $0.47 75% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.01 25 $0.29 35% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Integrated Space Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 153 15 $1,972 50% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 93 15 $132 95% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.07 10 $2 50% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

Existing 139 15 $726 5% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.01 18 $0.36 45% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.06 10 $0.90 5% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 355 10 $5,215 62% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 1,076 18 $1,890 22% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 1,513 18 $1,890 22% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.01 25 $0.47 75% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-11 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.13 25 $1 75% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface 

area of duct insul 

Existing 0.24 25 $2 10% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-19 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.06 25 $0.90 35% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.43 25 $2 10% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 143 15 $132 95% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

Building SQFT Existing 0.05 7 $0.17 90% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-163 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.07 25 $62 10% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

New 135 15 $387 5% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.01 18 $0.36 45% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.06 10 $0.90 5% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 346 10 $5,215 62% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 1,057 18 $1,858 22% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 1,049 18 $1,858 22% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.01 25 $0.47 75% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.02 25 $0.29 35% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that 

do not require mastic or drawbands 

Std duct workmanship per linear feet 

of duct insula 

New 1 30 $5 50% 

Hospital Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 139 15 $132 95% 

Hospital Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 1,008 10 $8,243 15% 

Hospital Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 1,008 10 $8,243 15% 

Hospital Water Heat Clothes Washer 

Commercial 

Energy Star Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.73 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.26 (Federal Code)

per installation Existing 27 10 $247 15% 

Hospital Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.01 10 $0.26 55% 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $42 11% 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $42 11% 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation Existing 510 10 $2,522 95% 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 401 10 $3,599 95% 

Hospital Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 91 25 $793 5% 

Hospital Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 91 25 $793 5% 

Hospital Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 1 12 $2 75% 

Hospital Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 1 12 $2 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-164 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 2 5 $5 95% 

Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 2 5 $5 95% 

Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. Existing 4 10 $7 95% Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. Existing 4 10 $7 95% Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM Per unit. Ea. Existing 19 10 $10 95% Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM Per unit. Ea. Existing 19 10 $10 95% Hospital Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 800 14 $1,943 75% Hospital Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 19 10 $189 75% 

Hospital Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 19 10 $189 75% 

Hospital Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.86 75% 

Hospital Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.86 75% 

Hospital Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 2,309 13 $5,655 75% 

Hospital Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 35 5 $92 75% 

Hospital Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 1,006 10 $8,243 15% 

Hospital Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 1,006 10 $8,243 15% 

Hospital Water Heat Clothes Washer 

Commercial 

Energy Star Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.73 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.26 (Federal Code)

per installation New 26 10 $247 15% 

Hospital Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.01 10 $0.26 55% 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $42 11% 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $42 11% 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation New 498 10 $2,523 95% 

Hospital Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 392 10 $3,594 95% 

Hospital Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 91 25 $634 25% 

Hospital Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 91 25 $634 25% 

Hospital Water Heat Integrated Space 

Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 196 15 $1,972 50% 

Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 2 5 $5 95% 

Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 2 5 $5 95% 

Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. New 4 10 $7 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-165 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Hospital Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. New 4 10 $7 95% Hospital Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 858 14 $2,772 75% Hospital Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 19 10 $189 75% 

Hospital Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 19 10 $189 75% 

Hospital Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.86 75% 

Hospital Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.86 75% 

Hospital Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 2,477 13 $5,655 75% 

Hospital Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 35 5 $92 75% 

Hotel Motel Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler 

(34% Efficient) 

Standard Broiler (15% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 1,994 10 $135 95% 

Hotel Motel Cooking Fryers - Commercial Gas 

Cooking 

Energy Star Commercial Fryer (50% efficient) 

Non-Energy Star Fryer (35% efficient) 

per installation Existing 42 8 $951 35% 

Hotel Motel Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle 

(40% Efficient) 

Standard Griddle (32% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 4 12 $1,166 45% 

Hotel Motel Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 230 12 $405 85% 

Hotel Motel Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 230 12 $405 85% 

Hotel Motel Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model 

(23% Efficient) 

Standard Model (15% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 11,213 10 $2,717 5% 

Hotel Motel Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner Oven - 

Improved Atmospheric Burner (60% Efficient) 

Standard (40%-50% Efficiency) 

per installation Existing 4,029 12 $5,027 15% 

Hotel Motel Cooking Steam Cooker Energy Star Steam 

Cooker (38% Efficient) 

Standard Cooker (30% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 1,326 12 $2,081 25% 

Hotel Motel Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler 

(34% Efficient) 

Standard Broiler (15% Efficient) 

per installation New 1,994 10 $135 95% 

Hotel Motel Cooking Fryers - Commercial Gas 

Cooking 

Energy Star Commercial Fryer (50% efficient) 

Non-Energy Star Fryer (35% efficient) 

per installation New 42 8 $951 35% 

Hotel Motel Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle 

(40% Efficient) 

Standard Griddle (32% Efficient) 

per installation New 4 12 $1,166 45% 

Hotel Motel Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 230 12 $405 85% 

Hotel Motel Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 230 12 $405 85% 

Hotel Motel Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model 

(23% Efficient) 

Standard Model (15% Efficient) 

per installation New 11,213 10 $2,717 5% 

Hotel Motel Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner Oven - 

Improved Atmospheric Burner (60% Efficient) 

Standard (40%-50% Efficiency) 

per installation New 4,029 12 $5,027 15% 

Hotel Motel Cooking Steam Cooker Energy Star Steam 

Cooker (38% Efficient) 

Standard Cooker (30% Efficient) 

per installation New 1,326 12 $2,081 25% 

Hotel Motel Pool Heat Swimming Pool/Spa 

Covers 

Plastic Or Foam Pool Covers (50-65% Energy Savings) 

No Pool Covers Per pool 

(22'x44') 

Existing 0.99 10 $2 95% 

Hotel Motel Pool Heat Swimming Pool/Spa 

Covers 

Plastic Or Foam Pool Covers (50-65% Energy Savings) 

No Pool Covers Per pool 

(22'x44') 

New 0.54 10 $2 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-166 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

Existing 10 15 $726 50% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

Existing 15 20 $92 10% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit (Morning Warm-Up Control Logic Included in This Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 15 $0.26 5% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

Existing 5 5 $166 75% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 8 5 $120 50% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.02 10 $0.90 5% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 132 10 $5,216 58% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation Existing 565 20 $2,576 100% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft 

Existing 0.10 10 $0.21 10% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.00 25 $0.47 75% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-11 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.06 25 $1 75% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.10 25 $0.90 35% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.10 25 $2 10% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 32 15 $133 95% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.04 10 $2 25% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Pipe Insulation R-4 R-0 Linear Foot Existing 2 20 $13 75% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Trap Maintenance Actively stop steam trap 

leaks 

No Maintanence Per Steam 

Trap 

Existing 28 3 $127 90% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.00 25 $62 10% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

New 7 15 $387 50% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

New 14 20 $92 10% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

New 3 5 $166 75% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.01 10 $0.90 5% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-167 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 93 10 $5,216 58% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation New 415 20 $1,895 100% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.47 75% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.29 35% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Integrated Space Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 79 15 $1,972 50% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 22 15 $133 95% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.02 10 $2 50% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

Existing 14 15 $726 50% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.03 10 $0.90 5% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 190 10 $5,216 58% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 573 18 $1,946 12% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 808 18 $1,946 12% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.01 25 $0.47 75% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-11 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.09 25 $1 75% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface 

area of duct insul 

Existing 0.12 25 $2 10% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.15 25 $0.90 35% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.18 25 $2 10% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 46 15 $133 95% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

Building SQFT Existing 0.03 7 $0.17 90% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.01 25 $62 10% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

New 10 15 $387 50% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.02 10 $0.90 5% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-168 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 138 10 $5,216 58% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 422 18 $1,431 12% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 594 18 $1,431 12% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.47 75% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.01 25 $0.29 35% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that 

do not require mastic or drawbands 

Std duct workmanship per linear feet 

of duct insula 

New 0.70 30 $5 50% 

Hotel Motel Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 33 15 $133 95% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 788 10 $8,244 35% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 788 10 $8,244 35% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Clothes Washer 

Commercial 

Energy Star Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.73 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.26 (Federal Code)

per installation Existing 27 10 $258 35% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.01 10 $0.26 55% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $42 24% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $42 24% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation Existing 512 10 $2,528 95% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 403 10 $3,605 95% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 75 25 $793 5% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 75 25 $793 5% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 1 12 $2 75% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 1 12 $2 75% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 2 5 $5 95% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 2 5 $5 95% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. Existing 6 10 $6 95% Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. Existing 6 10 $6 95% Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM Per unit. Ea. Existing 27 10 $10 95% Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM Per unit. Ea. Existing 27 10 $10 95% Hotel Motel Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 623 14 $1,841 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-169 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Hotel Motel Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $189 75% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $189 75% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 1,797 13 $5,362 75% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 29 5 $92 75% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 787 10 $8,244 35% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 787 10 $8,244 35% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Clothes Washer 

Commercial 

Energy Star Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.73 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.26 (Federal Code)

per installation New 26 10 $258 35% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.01 10 $0.26 55% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $42 24% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $42 24% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation New 501 10 $2,522 95% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 394 10 $3,600 95% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 75 25 $634 25% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 75 25 $634 25% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Integrated Space 

Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 200 15 $1,972 50% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 2 5 $5 95% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 2 5 $5 95% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. New 6 10 $6 95% Hotel Motel Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. New 6 10 $6 95% Hotel Motel Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 668 14 $2,626 75% Hotel Motel Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $189 75% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $189 75% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 1,927 13 $5,362 75% 

Hotel Motel Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 29 5 $92 75% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

Existing 66 15 $747 75% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

Existing 20 20 $94 10% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-170 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Convert Constant Volume Air System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System 

Constant Volume Air System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.02 15 $2 15% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit (Morning Warm-Up Control Logic Included in This Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.01 15 $0.27 5% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

Existing 7 5 $171 75% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 10 5 $123 75% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.37 45% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.03 10 $0.93 5% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation Existing 668 20 $2,350 100% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft 

Existing 0.23 10 $0.22 10% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.00 25 $0.49 75% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-11 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.04 25 $1 75% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.07 25 $0.93 35% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.12 25 $2 10% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 56 15 $137 95% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.05 10 $2 25% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Pipe Insulation R-4 R-0 Linear Foot Existing 3 20 $13 75% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Trap Maintenance Actively stop steam trap 

leaks 

No Maintanence Per Steam 

Trap 

Existing 37 3 $131 90% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

New 32 15 $399 75% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

New 19 20 $94 10% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

New 3 5 $171 75% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.37 45% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.01 10 $0.93 5% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation New 338 20 $1,181 100% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.49 75% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.29 35% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Integrated Space Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 104 15 $2,031 50% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-171 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 27 15 $137 95% 

Office Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.02 10 $2 50% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

Existing 95 15 $747 75% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.37 45% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.04 10 $0.93 5% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 676 18 $1,775 26% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 954 18 $1,775 26% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.00 25 $0.49 75% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-11 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.06 25 $1 75% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface 

area of duct insul 

Existing 0.17 25 $2 10% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.11 25 $0.93 35% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.28 25 $2 10% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 81 15 $137 95% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

Building SQFT Existing 0.03 7 $0.18 90% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

New 47 15 $399 75% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.37 45% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.02 10 $0.93 5% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 344 18 $2,678 26% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 484 18 $2,678 26% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.49 75% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.01 25 $0.29 35% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that 

do not require mastic or drawbands 

Std duct workmanship per linear feet 

of duct insula 

New 0.63 30 $5 50% 

Office Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 40 15 $137 95% 

Office Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.27 55% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-172 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Office Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $43 8% 

Office Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $43 8% 

Office Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 42 25 $817 5% 

Office Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 42 25 $817 5% 

Office Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 0.66 12 $2 75% 

Office Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 0.66 12 $2 75% 

Office Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $10 95% Office Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $10 95% Office Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM Per unit. Ea. Existing 15 10 $10 95% Office Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM Per unit. Ea. Existing 15 10 $10 95% Office Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 64 14 $343 75% Office Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 4 10 $195 75% 

Office Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 4 10 $195 75% 

Office Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 185 13 $1,004 75% 

Office Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 16 5 $95 75% 

Office Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.27 55% 

Office Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $43 8% 

Office Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $43 8% 

Office Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 42 25 $654 25% 

Office Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 42 25 $654 25% 

Office Water Heat Integrated Space 

Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 33 15 $2,031 50% 

Office Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $10 95% Office Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $10 95% Office Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 68 14 $491 75% Office Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 4 10 $195 75% 

Office Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 4 10 $195 75% 

Office Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 198 13 $1,004 75% 

Office Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 16 5 $95 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-173 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

Existing 43 15 $736 50% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

Existing 13 20 $93 10% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Convert Constant Volume Air System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System 

Constant Volume Air System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.01 15 $2 15% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit (Morning Warm-Up Control Logic Included in This Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 15 $0.26 45% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

Existing 4 5 $169 75% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 7 5 $122 50% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.02 10 $0.91 5% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 78 10 $5,295 5% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation Existing 337 20 $1,793 100% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-11 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.02 25 $1 75% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.05 25 $0.92 35% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.12 25 $2 10% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 42 15 $135 95% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.03 10 $2 25% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Pipe Insulation R-4 R-0 Linear Foot Existing 1 20 $13 75% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Trap Maintenance Actively stop steam trap 

leaks 

No Maintanence Per Steam 

Trap 

Existing 24 3 $129 90% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.02 25 $63 10% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

New 21 15 $393 50% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

New 12 20 $93 10% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

New 2 5 $169 75% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.01 10 $0.91 5% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-174 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 39 10 $5,295 5% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation New 175 20 $930 100% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.29 35% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Integrated Space Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 69 15 $2,001 50% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 21 15 $135 95% 

Other Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.01 10 $2 50% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

Existing 62 15 $736 50% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.03 10 $0.91 5% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 113 10 $5,295 5% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 341 18 $1,354 31% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 481 18 $1,354 31% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft 

Existing 0.32 10 $0.21 10% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-11 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.03 25 $1 75% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface 

area of duct insul 

Existing 0.11 25 $2 10% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.08 25 $0.92 35% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.23 25 $2 10% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 61 15 $135 95% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

Building SQFT Existing 0.02 7 $0.18 90% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.03 25 $63 10% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

New 32 15 $393 50% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-175 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.01 10 $0.91 5% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 58 10 $5,295 5% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 178 18 $2,108 31% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 250 18 $2,108 31% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.29 35% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that 

do not require mastic or drawbands 

Std duct workmanship per linear feet 

of duct insula 

New 0.43 30 $5 50% 

Other Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 31 15 $135 95% 

Other Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 54 10 $8,365 5% 

Other Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 54 10 $8,365 5% 

Other Water Heat Clothes Washer 

Commercial 

Energy Star Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.73 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.26 (Federal Code)

per installation Existing 11 10 $250 5% 

Other Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.26 75% 

Other Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $42 5% 

Other Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $42 5% 

Other Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation Existing 517 10 $2,608 95% 

Other Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 407 10 $3,651 95% 

Other Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 26 25 $805 5% 

Other Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 26 25 $805 5% 

Other Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 0.41 12 $2 75% 

Other Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 0.41 12 $2 75% 

Other Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 2 5 $4 95% 

Other Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 2 5 $4 95% 

Other Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $10 95% Other Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $10 95% Other Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM Per unit. Ea. Existing 15 10 $10 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-176 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Other Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM Per unit. Ea. Existing 15 10 $10 95% Other Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 43 14 $373 75% Other Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $192 75% 

Other Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $192 75% 

Other Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 

Other Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 

Other Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 125 13 $1,088 75% 

Other Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 10 5 $93 75% 

Other Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 54 10 $8,365 5% 

Other Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 54 10 $8,365 5% 

Other Water Heat Clothes Washer 

Commercial 

Energy Star Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.73 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.26 (Federal Code)

per installation New 11 10 $250 5% 

Other Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.26 90% 

Other Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $42 5% 

Other Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $42 5% 

Other Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation New 506 10 $2,557 95% 

Other Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 398 10 $3,750 95% 

Other Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 26 25 $644 25% 

Other Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 26 25 $644 25% 

Other Water Heat Integrated Space 

Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 28 15 $2,001 50% 

Other Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 2 5 $4 95% 

Other Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 2 5 $4 95% 

Other Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $10 95% Other Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $10 95% Other Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 46 14 $533 75% Other Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $192 75% 

Other Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $192 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-177 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Other Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 

Other Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 

Other Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 134 13 $1,088 75% 

Other Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 10 5 $93 75% 

Restaurant Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler 

(34% Efficient) 

Standard Broiler (15% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 256 10 $199 95% 

Restaurant Cooking Fryers - Commercial Gas 

Cooking 

Energy Star Commercial Fryer (50% efficient) 

Non-Energy Star Fryer (35% efficient) 

per installation Existing 169 8 $1,057 65% 

Restaurant Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle 

(40% Efficient) 

Standard Griddle (32% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 59 12 $1,164 75% 

Restaurant Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 63 12 $400 85% 

Restaurant Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 63 12 $400 85% 

Restaurant Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model 

(23% Efficient) 

Standard Model (15% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 1,441 10 $2,696 35% 

Restaurant Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner Oven - 

Improved Atmospheric Burner (60% Efficient) 

Standard (40%-50% Efficiency) 

per installation Existing 517 12 $5,100 45% 

Restaurant Cooking Steam Cooker Energy Star Steam 

Cooker (38% Efficient) 

Standard Cooker (30% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 362 12 $2,074 65% 

Restaurant Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler 

(34% Efficient) 

Standard Broiler (15% Efficient) 

per installation New 256 10 $199 95% 

Restaurant Cooking Fryers - Commercial Gas 

Cooking 

Energy Star Commercial Fryer (50% efficient) 

Non-Energy Star Fryer (35% efficient) 

per installation New 169 8 $1,057 65% 

Restaurant Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle 

(40% Efficient) 

Standard Griddle (32% Efficient) 

per installation New 59 12 $1,164 75% 

Restaurant Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 63 12 $400 85% 

Restaurant Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 63 12 $400 85% 

Restaurant Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model 

(23% Efficient) 

Standard Model (15% Efficient) 

per installation New 1,441 10 $2,696 35% 

Restaurant Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner Oven - 

Improved Atmospheric Burner (60% Efficient) 

Standard (40%-50% Efficiency) 

per installation New 517 12 $5,100 45% 

Restaurant Cooking Steam Cooker Energy Star Steam 

Cooker (38% Efficient) 

Standard Cooker (30% Efficient) 

per installation New 362 12 $2,074 65% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.00 10 $1 5% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 9 10 $5,216 100% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 28 18 $1,167 86% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 40 18 $1,167 86% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-178 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft 

Existing 0.05 10 $0.21 10% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.00 25 $0.47 75% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-11 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.01 25 $1 75% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface 

area of duct insul 

Existing 0.03 25 $2 10% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.01 25 $0.90 35% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.02 25 $2 10% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 5 15 $133 95% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

Building SQFT Existing 0.00 7 $0.17 90% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.00 25 $62 10% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.00 10 $1 5% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 7 10 $5,216 100% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 21 18 $886 86% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 31 18 $886 86% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.47 75% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.28 35% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that 

do not require mastic or drawbands 

Std duct workmanship per linear feet 

of duct insula 

New 0.18 30 $5 50% 

Restaurant Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 3 15 $133 95% 

Restaurant Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.02 10 $0.26 75% 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $42 46% 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $42 46% 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation Existing 506 10 $2,525 95% 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 398 10 $3,600 95% 

Restaurant Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 126 25 $793 5% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-179 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Restaurant Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 126 25 $793 5% 

Restaurant Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 1 12 $2 75% 

Restaurant Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 1 12 $2 75% 

Restaurant Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 29 5 $4 95% 

Restaurant Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 29 5 $4 95% 

Restaurant Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 172 14 $301 75% Restaurant Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 17 10 $189 75% 

Restaurant Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 17 10 $189 75% 

Restaurant Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.86 75% 

Restaurant Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.86 75% 

Restaurant Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 497 13 $877 75% 

Restaurant Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 48 5 $92 75% 

Restaurant Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.02 10 $0.26 90% 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $42 46% 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $42 46% 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation New 495 10 $2,525 95% 

Restaurant Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 390 10 $3,599 95% 

Restaurant Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 126 25 $634 25% 

Restaurant Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 126 25 $634 25% 

Restaurant Water Heat Integrated Space 

Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 178 15 $1,972 50% 

Restaurant Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 28 5 $4 95% 

Restaurant Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 28 5 $4 95% 

Restaurant Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 185 14 $429 75% Restaurant Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 17 10 $189 75% 

Restaurant Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 17 10 $189 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-180 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Restaurant Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.86 75% 

Restaurant Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.86 75% 

Restaurant Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 533 13 $877 75% 

Restaurant Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 48 5 $92 75% 

School Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler 

(34% Efficient) 

Standard Broiler (15% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 3,568 10 $0.00 95% 

School Cooking Fryers - Commercial Gas 

Cooking 

Energy Star Commercial Fryer (50% efficient) 

Non-Energy Star Fryer (35% efficient) 

per installation Existing 35 8 $905 45% 

School Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle 

(40% Efficient) 

Standard Griddle (32% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 1 12 $1,395 65% 

School Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 567 12 $232 85% 

School Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 567 12 $232 85% 

School Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model 

(23% Efficient) 

Standard Model (15% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 20,058 10 $2,717 5% 

School Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner Oven - 

Improved Atmospheric Burner (60% Efficient) 

Standard (40%-50% Efficiency) 

per installation Existing 7,208 12 $5,435 25% 

School Cooking Steam Cooker Energy Star Steam 

Cooker (38% Efficient) 

Standard Cooker (30% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 3,263 12 $1,997 25% 

School Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler 

(34% Efficient) 

Standard Broiler (15% Efficient) 

per installation New 3,568 10 $0.00 95% 

School Cooking Fryers - Commercial Gas 

Cooking 

Energy Star Commercial Fryer (50% efficient) 

Non-Energy Star Fryer (35% efficient) 

per installation New 35 8 $905 45% 

School Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle 

(40% Efficient) 

Standard Griddle (32% Efficient) 

per installation New 1 12 $1,395 65% 

School Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 567 12 $232 85% 

School Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 567 12 $232 85% 

School Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model 

(23% Efficient) 

Standard Model (15% Efficient) 

per installation New 20,058 10 $2,717 5% 

School Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner Oven - 

Improved Atmospheric Burner (60% Efficient) 

Standard (40%-50% Efficiency) 

per installation New 7,208 12 $5,435 25% 

School Cooking Steam Cooker Energy Star Steam 

Cooker (38% Efficient) 

Standard Cooker (30% Efficient) 

per installation New 3,263 12 $1,997 25% 

School Pool Heat Swimming Pool/Spa 

Covers 

Plastic Or Foam Pool Covers (50-65% Energy Savings) 

No Pool Covers Per pool 

(22'x44') 

Existing 4 10 $2 95% 

School Pool Heat Swimming Pool/Spa 

Covers 

Plastic Or Foam Pool Covers (50-65% Energy Savings) 

No Pool Covers Per pool 

(22'x44') 

New 0.72 10 $2 95% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

Existing 34 15 $736 25% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

Existing 10 20 $93 10% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Convert Constant Volume Air System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System 

Constant Volume Air System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.01 15 $2 15% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-181 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit (Morning Warm-Up Control Logic Included in This Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 15 $0.26 5% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

Existing 3 5 $169 75% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 5 5 $122 50% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.01 10 $0.91 5% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 276 10 $5,294 73% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation Existing 1,198 20 $7,999 100% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-7 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.02 25 $1 75% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.03 25 $0.92 35% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.29 25 $2 10% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 160 15 $132 95% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.02 10 $2 25% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Pipe Insulation R-4 R-0 Linear Foot Existing 3 20 $13 75% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Trap Maintenance Actively stop steam trap 

leaks 

No Maintanence Per Steam 

Trap 

Existing 19 3 $129 90% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.01 25 $63 10% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

New 28 15 $393 25% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

New 10 20 $93 10% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

New 3 5 $169 75% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.01 10 $0.91 5% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 228 10 $5,294 73% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation New 887 20 $6,875 100% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-182 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.29 35% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Integrated Space Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 54 15 $2,003 50% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 133 15 $132 95% 

School Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.02 10 $2 50% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

Existing 49 15 $736 25% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.02 10 $0.91 5% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 399 10 $5,294 73% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 1,217 18 $6,038 3% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 1,712 18 $6,038 3% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft 

Existing 0.21 10 $0.22 10% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-7 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.04 25 $1 75% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface 

area of duct insul 

Existing 0.08 25 $2 10% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.04 25 $0.92 35% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.28 25 $2 10% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 232 15 $132 95% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

Building SQFT Existing 0.02 7 $0.18 90% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.02 25 $63 10% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

New 42 15 $393 25% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.02 10 $0.91 5% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 339 10 $5,294 73% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 1,047 18 $5,191 3% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-183 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 1,259 18 $5,191 3% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.29 35% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that 

do not require mastic or drawbands 

Std duct workmanship per linear feet 

of duct insula 

New 0.56 30 $5 50% 

School Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 197 15 $132 95% 

School Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 448 10 $8,363 35% 

School Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 448 10 $8,363 35% 

School Water Heat Clothes Washer 

Commercial 

Energy Star Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.73 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.26 (Federal Code)

per installation Existing 27 10 $261 35% 

School Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.26 55% 

School Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $42 35% 

School Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $42 35% 

School Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation Existing 513 10 $2,571 95% 

School Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 404 10 $3,659 95% 

School Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 62 25 $805 5% 

School Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 62 25 $805 5% 

School Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 0.97 12 $2 75% 

School Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 0.97 12 $2 75% 

School Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 2 5 $5 95% 

School Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 2 5 $5 95% 

School Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $5 95% School Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $5 95% School Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM Per unit. Ea. Existing 15 10 $11 95% School Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM Per unit. Ea. Existing 15 10 $11 95% School Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 358 14 $1,292 75% School Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 6 10 $192 75% 

School Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 6 10 $192 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-184 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

School Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 

School Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 

School Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 1,033 13 $3,758 75% 

School Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 23 5 $94 75% 

School Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 447 10 $8,363 35% 

School Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 447 10 $8,363 35% 

School Water Heat Clothes Washer 

Commercial 

Energy Star Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.73 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.26 (Federal Code)

per installation New 26 10 $261 35% 

School Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.26 55% 

School Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $42 35% 

School Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $42 35% 

School Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation New 502 10 $2,569 95% 

School Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 395 10 $3,635 95% 

School Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 62 25 $644 25% 

School Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 62 25 $644 25% 

School Water Heat Integrated Space 

Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 31 15 $2,003 50% 

School Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 2 5 $5 95% 

School Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 2 5 $5 95% 

School Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $5 95% School Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $5 95% School Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 384 14 $1,840 75% School Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 6 10 $192 75% 

School Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 6 10 $192 75% 

School Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 

School Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-185 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

School Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 1,109 13 $3,758 75% 

School Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 23 5 $94 75% 

University Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler 

(34% Efficient) 

Standard Broiler (15% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 4,374 10 $0.00 95% 

University Cooking Fryers - Commercial Gas 

Cooking 

Energy Star Commercial Fryer (50% efficient) 

Non-Energy Star Fryer (35% efficient) 

per installation Existing 83 8 $993 45% 

University Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle 

(40% Efficient) 

Standard Griddle (32% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 2 12 $1,274 65% 

University Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 695 12 $382 85% 

University Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation Existing 695 12 $382 85% 

University Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model 

(23% Efficient) 

Standard Model (15% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 24,590 10 $2,483 5% 

University Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner Oven - 

Improved Atmospheric Burner (60% Efficient) 

Standard (40%-50% Efficiency) 

per installation Existing 8,837 12 $5,464 25% 

University Cooking Steam Cooker Energy Star Steam 

Cooker (38% Efficient) 

Standard Cooker (30% Efficient) 

per installation Existing 4,001 12 $2,068 25% 

University Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler 

(34% Efficient) 

Standard Broiler (15% Efficient) 

per installation New 4,374 10 $0.00 95% 

University Cooking Fryers - Commercial Gas 

Cooking 

Energy Star Commercial Fryer (50% efficient) 

Non-Energy Star Fryer (35% efficient) 

per installation New 83 8 $993 45% 

University Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle 

(40% Efficient) 

Standard Griddle (32% Efficient) 

per installation New 2 12 $1,274 65% 

University Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 695 12 $382 85% 

University Cooking High Efficiency 

Convection Oven 

Convection Oven Standard Oven per installation New 695 12 $382 85% 

University Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model 

(23% Efficient) 

Standard Model (15% Efficient) 

per installation New 24,590 10 $2,483 5% 

University Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner Oven - 

Improved Atmospheric Burner (60% Efficient) 

Standard (40%-50% Efficiency) 

per installation New 8,837 12 $5,464 25% 

University Cooking Steam Cooker Energy Star Steam 

Cooker (38% Efficient) 

Standard Cooker (30% Efficient) 

per installation New 4,001 12 $2,068 25% 

University Pool Heat Swimming Pool/Spa 

Covers 

Plastic Or Foam Pool Covers (50-65% Energy Savings) 

No Pool Covers Per pool 

(22'x44') 

Existing 3 10 $2 95% 

University Pool Heat Swimming Pool/Spa 

Covers 

Plastic Or Foam Pool Covers (50-65% Energy Savings) 

No Pool Covers Per pool 

(22'x44') 

New 1 10 $2 95% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

Existing 68 15 $736 25% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

Existing 20 20 $93 10% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Convert Constant Volume Air System to VAV 

Variable Volume Air System 

Constant Volume Air System 

per building CFM 

Existing 0.02 15 $2 15% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit (Morning Warm-Up Control Logic Included in This Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.01 15 $0.26 5% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

Existing 7 5 $169 75% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 11 5 $122 50% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-186 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.03 10 $0.91 5% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 576 10 $5,292 73% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation Existing 2,509 20 $8,367 100% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.01 25 $0.48 75% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-7 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.13 25 $1 75% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.09 25 $0.92 35% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.37 25 $2 10% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 149 15 $136 95% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.05 10 $2 25% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Pipe Insulation R-4 R-0 Linear Foot Existing 6 20 $13 75% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Trap Maintenance Actively stop steam trap 

leaks 

No Maintanence Per Steam 

Trap 

Existing 38 3 $129 90% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.03 25 $63 10% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

New 56 15 $393 25% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

New 20 20 $93 10% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

New 6 5 $169 75% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.02 10 $0.91 5% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 477 10 $5,292 73% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation New 1,859 20 $7,196 100% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.01 25 $0.48 75% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.01 25 $0.29 35% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Integrated Space Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 109 15 $2,003 50% 

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 123 15 $136 95% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-187 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

University Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.04 10 $2 50% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

Existing 99 15 $736 25% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.04 10 $0.91 5% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

Existing 833 10 $5,292 73% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 2,549 18 $6,321 7% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 3,584 18 $6,321 7% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft 

Existing 0.42 10 $0.22 10% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.01 25 $0.48 75% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-7 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.20 25 $1 75% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface 

area of duct insul 

Existing 0.17 25 $2 10% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.14 25 $0.92 35% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.52 25 $2 10% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 216 15 $136 95% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

Building SQFT Existing 0.04 7 $0.18 90% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.67 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.05 25 $63 10% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Automated Ventilation VFD Control (Occupancy Sensors / CO2 Sensors) 

Demand Controlled Ventilation (CO2 Sensors)

Constant Ventilation 1 unit per 

3,000 sqft 

New 84 15 $393 25% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.04 10 $0.91 5% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air Provide Makeup Air 

Directly at Exhaust Hood Instead of Pulling Conditioned Air 

Hood Pulls Conditioned Air (No Make-up Air) 

Per Kitchen Exhaust 

New 709 10 $5,292 73% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 2,190 18 $5,434 7% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 2,635 18 $5,434 7% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.01 25 $0.48 75% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.02 25 $0.29 35% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-188 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that 

do not require mastic or drawbands 

Std duct workmanship per linear feet 

of duct insula 

New 1 30 $5 50% 

University Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 183 15 $136 95% 

University Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 793 10 $8,367 35% 

University Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

Existing 793 10 $8,367 35% 

University Water Heat Clothes Washer 

Commercial 

Energy Star Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.73 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.26 (Federal Code)

per installation Existing 27 10 $261 35% 

University Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.26 55% 

University Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $41 35% 

University Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $41 35% 

University Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation Existing 512 10 $2,562 95% 

University Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation Existing 403 10 $3,661 95% 

University Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 104 25 $805 5% 

University Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 104 25 $805 5% 

University Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 1 12 $2 75% 

University Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 1 12 $2 75% 

University Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 2 5 $5 95% 

University Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. Existing 2 5 $5 95% 

University Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $5 95% University Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $5 95% University Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM Per unit. Ea. Existing 15 10 $11 95% University Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM Per unit. Ea. Existing 15 10 $11 95% University Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 636 14 $1,364 75% University Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 11 10 $192 75% 

University Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 11 10 $192 75% 

University Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 

University Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-189 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

University Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 1,836 13 $3,956 75% 

University Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 40 5 $94 75% 

University Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 791 10 $8,367 35% 

University Water Heat Clothes Washer - 

Ozonating 

Ozonating Clothes Washer 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer 

Per unit, (average 72.5 gallon 

New 791 10 $8,367 35% 

University Water Heat Clothes Washer 

Commercial 

Energy Star Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.73 

Standard Commercial Clothes Washer MEF=1.26 (Federal Code)

per installation New 26 10 $261 35% 

University Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.26 55% 

University Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $41 35% 

University Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $41 35% 

University Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - High Temp 

High Efficiency Dishwasher 

Standard Dishwasher per installation New 501 10 $2,572 95% 

University Water Heat Dishwashing - 

Commercial - Low Temp 

Low-Temp Commercial Dishwasher (Includes Extra Chemmical Cost) 

High Temp Commercial Dishwasher 

per installation New 394 10 $3,679 95% 

University Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 104 25 $644 25% 

University Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 104 25 $644 25% 

University Water Heat Integrated Space 

Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 53 15 $2,003 50% 

University Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 2 5 $5 95% 

University Water Heat Low-Flow Pre-Rinse 

Spray Valves 

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal 

Standard) 

Per unit. Ea. New 2 5 $5 95% 

University Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $5 95% University Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $5 95% University Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 682 14 $1,944 75% University Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 11 10 $192 75% 

University Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 11 10 $192 75% 

University Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 

University Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 

University Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 1,969 13 $3,956 75% 

University Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 40 5 $94 75% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

Existing 7 20 $93 10% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-190 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Installation 

DDC Retrofit (Morning Warm-Up Control Logic Included in This Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 15 $0.26 5% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

Existing 2 5 $169 75% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Wireless Performance Monitoring 

DDC Retrofit - Wireless Performance Monitoring, Diagnostics And Control 

Pnuematic Number of 

Points 

Existing 4 5 $122 75% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.01 10 $0.91 5% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation Existing 1,002 20 $9,039 100% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-8 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.01 25 $1 75% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-8 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.03 25 $0.92 35% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.06 25 $2 10% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 136 15 $135 95% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.02 10 $2 25% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Pipe Insulation R-4 R-0 Linear Foot Existing 2 20 $13 75% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Steam Trap Maintenance Actively stop steam trap 

leaks 

No Maintanence Per Steam 

Trap 

Existing 14 3 $129 90% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.03 25 $63 10% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Boiler HP - 

Horse Power 

New 7 20 $93 10% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Direct Digital Control System-Optimization 

Premium-Efficiency EMS System 

High-Efficiency EMS System 

Number of Points 

New 1 5 $169 75% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.00 10 $0.91 5% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Gas Boiler 90% Thermal Efficiency 80% Thermal Efficiency 

(State Code) 

Per installation New 564 20 $5,091 100% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.29 35% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Integrated Space Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 40 15 $2,002 50% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 74 15 $135 95% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Boiler 

Sensible And Total Heat Recovery Devices 

Install Heat Recovery Devices - rotary air-to-air enthalpy heat recovery70% sensible and latent recovery effectiveness 

No Heat Recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.01 10 $2 50% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-191 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM Existing 0.01 10 $0.91 5% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 1,018 18 $6,829 12% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation Existing 1,432 18 $6,829 12% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And 

Weatherstripping (ACH 0.65) 

Infiltration Conditions (ACH 1.0) 

per window sqft 

Existing 0.18 10 $0.22 10% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

R-8 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. Existing 0.02 25 $1 75% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation per surface 

area of duct insul 

Existing 0.06 25 $2 10% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-30 (WA State Code) R-8 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Floor SQ.FT. Existing 0.04 25 $0.92 35% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Wall R-13 + 7.5 (WA State 

Code) 

R-3 (Average Existing Conditions) 

Wall SQ.FT. Existing 0.15 25 $2 10% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation Existing 197 15 $135 95% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Re-Commissioning Re-Commissioning Average Existing 

Conditions 

Building SQFT Existing 0.01 7 $0.18 90% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Windows-High Efficiency U-0.40 (WA State Code) U-0.65 (Average Existing 

Conditions) 

Per Window SQFT 

Existing 0.04 25 $63 10% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Duct Repair And Sealing Reduction In Duct Losses 

to 5% 

No Repair or Sealing, 15% duct losses 

Building SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 18 $0.36 45% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery 

Exhaust Air Heat Recovery 

No Heat Recovery Building CFM New 0.01 10 $0.91 5% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 90% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 573 18 $3,844 12% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Gas Furnace AFUE = 94% 

(Condensing Furnace) 

AFUE=80% Per installation New 806 18 $3,844 12% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 + 19 c.i. R-30 + 8 c.i. (WA State 

Code) 

Ceiling SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.48 75% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Insulation - Floor (non-slab) 

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Floor SQ.FT. New 0.00 25 $0.29 35% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Leak Proof Duct Fittings Quick connect fittings that 

do not require mastic or drawbands 

Std duct workmanship per linear feet 

of duct insula 

New 0.27 30 $5 50% 

Warehouse Space Heat 

Furnace 

Programmable Thermostat 

Energy Star Programmable Thermostat 

Manual Thermostat per installation New 110 15 $135 95% 

Warehouse Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.26 55% 

Warehouse Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $43 3% 

Warehouse Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation Existing 1 12 $43 3% 

Warehouse Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 130 25 $807 5% 

Warehouse Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 130 25 $807 5% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-192 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Warehouse Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 1 12 $2 75% 

Warehouse Water Heat Hot Water (SHW) Pipe 

Insulation 

1.0" of Insulation, assuming R-4 (WA State Code) 

No Insulation per linear foot Existing 1 12 $2 75% 

Warehouse Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $0.00 95% Warehouse Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. Existing 3 10 $0.00 95% Warehouse Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM Per unit. Ea. Existing 15 10 $20 95% Warehouse Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) 4.5 GPM Per unit. Ea. Existing 15 10 $20 95% Warehouse Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 136 14 $239 75% Warehouse Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 11 10 $192 75% 

Warehouse Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. Existing 11 10 $192 75% 

Warehouse Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 

Warehouse Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

Existing 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 

Warehouse Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation Existing 394 13 $693 75% 

Warehouse Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

Existing 50 5 $91 75% 

Warehouse Water Heat Demand controlled 

Circulating Systems 

Demand Controlled Circulating Systems (VFD Control by Demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.26 55% 

Warehouse Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $43 3% 

Warehouse Water Heat Dishwasher Residential ENERGY STAR <= 324 

kWh/yr, <= 5.8 gal/cycle 

Federal Standard <= 355 kWh/yr, <= 6.5 gal/cycle 

per installation New 1 12 $43 3% 

Warehouse Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 129 25 $645 25% 

Warehouse Water Heat Drainwater Heat 

Recovery Water Heater 

Install (Power-Pipe or GFX) - Heat Recovery Water Heater 

No Heat Recovery System 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 129 25 $645 25% 

Warehouse Water Heat Integrated Space 

Heating/Water Heating 

Integrated System Separate Boiler And HW 

Heater 

Per 200 kbtu boiler unit 

New 16 15 $2,002 50% 

Warehouse Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $0.00 95% Warehouse Water Heat Low-Flow Showerheads 2.0 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal Code) Per unit. Ea. New 3 10 $0.00 95% Warehouse Water Heat Tankless Water Heater EF = 0.82 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 146 14 $337 75% Warehouse Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 11 10 $192 75% 

Warehouse Water Heat Ultrasonic Faucet Control Install Ultrasonic Motion 

Faucet Control 

No Faucet Control Per unit. Ea. New 11 10 $192 75% 

Warehouse Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 

Warehouse Water Heat Water Cooled 

Refrigeration with Heat Recovery 

Heat Recovery from refrigeration system. Applied to Water Heating Electric End use 

No heat recovery Building 

SQ.FT. 

New 0.00 10 $0.87 75% 

Warehouse Water Heat Water Heater - 

Condensing 

EF = 0.90 EF = 0.67 Per installation New 423 13 $693 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-193 

Segment End Use Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description

Unit 

Description

Construction 

Vintage 

Savings 

per Unit 

(Therms) 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per Unit

Percent of 

Installations 

Technically 

Feasible 

Pe

Ins

Inc

Warehouse Water Heat Water Heater 

Temperature Setback 

Thermostat Setback and Replecement (120 Degrees) 

No Thermostat Setback (130 Degrees) 

Per DWH. Ea. (40gallons = 1 un 

New 49 5 $91 75% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-194 

Table B.3.6. Industrial Gas Measure Details 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per 

Therms 

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

Therms) 

Chemical Mfg Hvac HVAC Improvements 21% 15 $0.94 100% $0.13 Chemical Mfg Hvac HVAC O&M 14% 2 $1.11 100% $0.74 Chemical Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler Improvements 2% 15 $0.26 100% $0.04 Chemical Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler O&M 3% 2 $0.16 100% $0.11 Chemical Mfg Process Heat Boiler Improvements 21% 15 $0.06 100% $0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Heat Heat Improvements 10% 15 $0.36 100% $0.05 Chemical Mfg Process Heat Heat O&M 1% 2 $0.53 100% $0.36 Chemical Mfg Process Heat Steam Distribution 14% 15 $0.05 100% $0.01 Chemical Mfg Process Other Other O&M 10% 2 $0.28 100% $0.19 Computer Electronic Mfg Hvac HVAC Improvements 11% 15 $0.74 100% $0.10 Computer Electronic Mfg Hvac HVAC O&M 14% 2 $0.38 100% $0.25 Computer Electronic Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler Improvements 12% 15 $1.17 100% $0.16 Computer Electronic Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler O&M 9% 2 $0.13 100% $0.09 Computer Electronic Mfg Process Heat Boiler Improvements 4% 15 $1.69 100% $0.24 Computer Electronic Mfg Process Heat Heat Improvements 24% 15 $0.37 100% $0.05 Computer Electronic Mfg Process Heat Heat O&M 4% 2 $0.58 100% $0.39 Computer Electronic Mfg Process Heat Steam Distribution 10% 15 $0.49 100% $0.07 Electrical Equipment Mfg Hvac HVAC Improvements 10% 15 $0.60 100% $0.08 Electrical Equipment Mfg Hvac HVAC O&M 5% 2 $0.18 100% $0.12 Electrical Equipment Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler Improvements 12% 15 $1.13 100% $0.16 Electrical Equipment Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler O&M 13% 2 $0.23 100% $0.15 Electrical Equipment Mfg Process Heat Boiler Improvements 7% 15 $0.53 100% $0.07 Electrical Equipment Mfg Process Heat Heat Improvements 17% 15 $0.56 100% $0.08 Electrical Equipment Mfg Process Heat Heat O&M 3% 2 $0.43 100% $0.29 Electrical Equipment Mfg Process Heat Steam Distribution 6% 15 $0.34 100% $0.05 Fabricated Metal Products Hvac HVAC Improvements 15% 15 $1.22 100% $0.17 Fabricated Metal Products Hvac HVAC O&M 13% 2 $0.69 100% $0.46 Fabricated Metal Products Indirect Boiler Boiler Improvements 17% 15 $1.57 100% $0.22 Fabricated Metal Products Indirect Boiler Boiler O&M 12% 2 $0.11 100% $0.07 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Boiler Improvements 6% 15 $0.47 100% $0.07 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Heat Improvements 7% 15 $0.91 100% $0.13 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Heat O&M 4% 2 $0.48 100% $0.32 Fabricated Metal Products Process Heat Steam Distribution 5% 15 $0.65 100% $0.09 Fabricated Metal Products Process Other Other O&M 12% 2 $0.49 100% $0.33 Food Mfg Hvac HVAC Improvements 20% 15 $0.58 100% $0.08 Food Mfg Hvac HVAC O&M 6% 2 $0.21 100% $0.14 Food Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler Improvements 6% 15 $0.82 100% $0.11 Food Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler O&M 4% 2 $0.36 100% $0.24 Food Mfg Process Heat Boiler Improvements 7% 15 $0.32 100% $0.04 Food Mfg Process Heat Heat Improvements 13% 15 $0.50 100% $0.07 Food Mfg Process Heat Heat O&M 4% 2 $0.35 100% $0.23 Food Mfg Process Heat Steam Distribution 5% 15 $0.46 100% $0.06 Food Mfg Process Other Other O&M 28% 2 $0.14 100% $0.09 Industrial Machinery Hvac HVAC Improvements 14% 15 $0.82 100% $0.11 Industrial Machinery Hvac HVAC O&M 15% 2 $0.34 100% $0.23 Industrial Machinery Indirect Boiler Boiler Improvements 19% 15 $1.03 100% $0.14 Industrial Machinery Indirect Boiler Boiler O&M 15% 2 $0.17 100% $0.12 Industrial Machinery Process Heat Boiler Improvements 2% 15 $1.09 100% $0.15 Industrial Machinery Process Heat Heat Improvements 13% 15 $0.51 100% $0.07 Industrial Machinery Process Heat Heat O&M 10% 2 $0.57 100% $0.38 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-195 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per 

Therms 

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

Therms) 

Industrial Machinery Process Heat Steam Distribution 6% 15 $0.36 100% $0.05 Miscellaneous Mfg Hvac HVAC Improvements 17% 15 $0.70 50% $0.10 Miscellaneous Mfg Hvac HVAC O&M 20% 2 $0.05 50% $0.03 Miscellaneous Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler Improvements 14% 15 $0.59 50% $0.08 Miscellaneous Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler O&M 5% 2 $0.21 50% $0.14 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Heat Boiler Improvements 4% 15 $1.05 50% $0.15 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Heat Heat Improvements 8% 15 $0.46 50% $0.06 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Heat Heat O&M 4% 2 $0.33 50% $0.22 Miscellaneous Mfg Process Heat Steam Distribution 12% 15 $0.21 50% $0.03 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Hvac HVAC Improvements 11% 15 $1.16 100% $0.16 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Hvac HVAC O&M 2% 2 $0.46 100% $0.31 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Indirect Boiler Boiler O&M 5% 2 $0.07 100% $0.04 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Heat Boiler Improvements 22% 15 $0.20 100% $0.03 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Heat Heat Improvements 13% 15 $0.90 100% $0.13 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Heat Heat O&M 3% 2 $0.30 100% $0.20 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Heat Steam Distribution 5% 15 $0.41 100% $0.06 

Nonmetallic Mineral Products 

Process Other Other O&M 15% 2 $1.95 100% $1.30 

Paper Mfg Hvac HVAC Improvements 18% 15 $0.66 100% $0.09 Paper Mfg Hvac HVAC O&M 22% 2 $0.14 100% $0.09 Paper Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler Improvements 8% 15 $0.48 100% $0.07 Paper Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler O&M 4% 2 $0.12 100% $0.08 Paper Mfg Process Heat Boiler Improvements 6% 15 $0.48 100% $0.07 Paper Mfg Process Heat Heat Improvements 10% 15 $0.68 100% $0.09 Paper Mfg Process Heat Heat O&M 3% 2 $0.24 100% $0.16 Paper Mfg Process Heat Steam Distribution 4% 15 $0.18 100% $0.02 Paper Mfg Process Other Other O&M 20% 2 $0.66 100% $0.44 Petroleum Coal Products Indirect Boiler Boiler Improvements 9% 15 $0.92 100% $0.13 Petroleum Coal Products Indirect Boiler Boiler O&M 6% 2 $0.17 100% $0.11 Petroleum Coal Products Process Heat Boiler Improvements 2% 15 $0.77 100% $0.11 Petroleum Coal Products Process Heat Heat Improvements 5% 15 $0.75 100% $0.10 Petroleum Coal Products Process Heat Heat O&M 2% 2 $0.19 100% $0.13 Petroleum Coal Products Process Heat Steam Distribution 3% 15 $0.05 100% $0.01 Plastics Rubber Products Hvac HVAC Improvements 9% 15 $0.63 100% $0.09 Plastics Rubber Products Hvac HVAC O&M 12% 2 $31.16 100% $20.83 Plastics Rubber Products Indirect Boiler Boiler Improvements 12% 15 $0.31 100% $0.04 Plastics Rubber Products Indirect Boiler Boiler O&M 6% 2 $0.22 100% $0.15 Plastics Rubber Products Process Heat Boiler Improvements 10% 15 $0.63 100% $0.09 Plastics Rubber Products Process Heat Heat Improvements 13% 15 $0.63 100% $0.09 Plastics Rubber Products Process Heat Heat O&M 8% 2 $0.62 100% $0.42 Plastics Rubber Products Process Heat Steam Distribution 7% 15 $0.16 100% $0.02 Plastics Rubber Products Process Other Other O&M 17% 2 $0.19 100% $0.13 Primary Metal Mfg Hvac HVAC Improvements 14% 15 $0.46 100% $0.06 Primary Metal Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler Improvements 18% 15 $0.98 100% $0.14 Primary Metal Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler O&M 14% 2 $0.15 100% $0.10 Primary Metal Mfg Process Heat Boiler Improvements 8% 15 $0.43 100% $0.06 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-196 

Segment End Use Measure Name 

Percent of 

End Use 

Consumption 

Saved 

Measure 

Life 

Incremental 

Cost per 

Therms 

Measure 

Applicability 

Levelized 

Cost ($ per 

Therms) 

Primary Metal Mfg Process Heat Heat Improvements 8% 15 $0.74 100% $0.10 Primary Metal Mfg Process Heat Heat O&M 2% 2 $0.49 100% $0.33 Primary Metal Mfg Process Heat Steam Distribution 4% 15 $0.39 100% $0.05 Printing Related Support Hvac HVAC Improvements 17% 15 $0.44 100% $0.06 Printing Related Support Hvac HVAC O&M 31% 2 $0.33 100% $0.22 Printing Related Support Indirect Boiler Boiler Improvements 12% 15 $1.04 100% $0.15 Printing Related Support Indirect Boiler Boiler O&M 10% 2 $0.13 100% $0.09 Printing Related Support Process Heat Boiler Improvements 16% 15 $1.75 100% $0.24 Printing Related Support Process Heat Heat Improvements 5% 15 $0.44 100% $0.06 Printing Related Support Process Heat Heat O&M 4% 2 $0.60 100% $0.40 Printing Related Support Process Heat Steam Distribution 17% 15 $0.36 100% $0.05 Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Hvac HVAC Improvements 7% 15 $0.99 100% $0.14 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Hvac HVAC O&M 14% 2 $0.18 100% $0.12 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Indirect Boiler Boiler Improvements 19% 15 $0.99 100% $0.14 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Indirect Boiler Boiler O&M 6% 2 $0.71 100% $0.47 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Heat Boiler Improvements 15% 15 $0.25 100% $0.03 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Heat Heat Improvements 20% 15 $0.32 100% $0.04 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Heat Heat O&M 3% 2 $0.73 100% $0.49 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Heat Steam Distribution 5% 15 $8.28 100% $1.16 

Transportation Equipment Mfg 

Process Other Other O&M 17% 2 $0.42 100% $0.28 

Wood Product Mfg Hvac HVAC Improvements 10% 15 $1.09 100% $0.15 Wood Product Mfg Hvac HVAC O&M 5% 2 $0.17 100% $0.12 Wood Product Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler Improvements 12% 15 $0.48 100% $0.07 Wood Product Mfg Indirect Boiler Boiler O&M 4% 2 $0.08 100% $0.05 Wood Product Mfg Process Heat Boiler Improvements 11% 15 $0.34 100% $0.05 Wood Product Mfg Process Heat Heat Improvements 8% 15 $2.21 100% $0.31 Wood Product Mfg Process Heat Heat O&M 6% 2 $0.11 100% $0.07 Wood Product Mfg Process Heat Steam Distribution 1% 15 $0.08 100% $0.01 Wood Product Mfg Process Other Other O&M 7% 2 $0.16 100% $0.10 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-1 

 Appendix B.4: Detailed Results 

The following pie charts show how achievable technical potential is distributed by fuel, sector, 

segment, and end use.
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-2 

Figure B.4.1 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Residential by Segment 

Total: 336 aMW

Single Family

73%

Multifamily

17%

Manufactured

10%

Figure B.4.2 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial by Segment 

Total: 291 aMW

Office

41%

Miscellaneous Facilities

15%

Retail

12%

Grocery

7%

Education

7%

Hospital

6%

Restaurant

5%

Warehouse

4%

Lodging

3%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-3 

Figure B.4.3 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial by Segment 

Total: 18 aMW

'

Metals: 2%, Transportation: 2%, Printing: 1%, Paper: 1%, Minerals: 1%, Electrical: <1%, Chemicals: <1%, Plastic/Rubber: <1%, Petroleum: <1%

Note: 'Other Segments' includes:

Water

58%

Wastewater

12%

Miscellaneous

7%

Food

4%

Wood Products

3%

Electronics

3%

Machinery

3%

Other Segments

10%

Figure B.4.4 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Residential by End Use 

Total: 336 aMW

'

Computer: 1%, Pool Pump: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heating

27%

Water Heat

19%

Lighting

17%

C onsumer Electronics

14%

Appliances

8%

Plug Load

4%

Ventilation and Circulation

4%

Heat Pump

4%

C ooling

3%

Other End Uses

2%

Other End Uses 

2% 

Cooling 3% 

Wood Products 3% 

Food 4% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-4 

Figure B.4.5 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial by End Use 

Total: 291 aMW Lighting

37%

C ooling

13%

Space Heat

10%

HVAC Aux

10%

Water Heat

7%

Heat Pump

7%

Refrigeration

6%

Plug Load

5%

Computers

3%

Cooking

<1%

Figure B.4.6 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial by End Use 

Total: 18 aMW Pumps

50%

Process

16%

Fans

12%

Motors Other

12%

Lighting

7%

HVAC

4%

Other

<1%

Cooking <1% 

Computers 

3% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-5 

Figure B.4.7 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Residential Single Family by End Use 

Total: 246 aMW

'

Plug Load: 4%, Heat Pump: 4%, Ventilation and Circulation: 4%, C ooling: 4%, Computer: 2%, Pool Pump: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heating

21%

Lighting

19%

Water Heat

19%

Consumer Electronics

15%

Appliances

9%

Other End Uses

18%

Figure B.4.8 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Residential Multifamily by End Use 

Total: 56 aMW

'

Appliances: 5%, Plug Load: 4%, Ventilation and Circulation: 4%, Computer: 1%, Cooling: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heating

46%

Consumer Electronics

14%

Water Heat

14%

Lighting

12%

Other End Uses

15%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-6 

Figure B.4.9 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Residential Manufactured by End Use 

Total: 34 aMW

'

Appliances: 5%, Cooling: 3%, Ventilation and Circulation: 3%, Plug Load: 3%, C omputer: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heating

37%

Water Heat

26%

Consumer Electronics

8%

Lighting

7%

Heat Pump

7%

Other End Uses

14%

Figure B.4.10 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Education by End Use 

Total: 21 aMW

'

Cooling: 3%, Plug Load: 3%, Refrigeration: 2%, Cooking: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

41%

Water Heat

13%

HVAC Aux

12%

Heat Pump

11%

Space Heat

9%

C omputers

7%

Other End Uses

8%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-7 

Figure B.4.11 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Grocery by End Use 

Total: 21 aMW

'

Cooling: 4%, HVAC Aux: 2%, Heat Pump: 2%, Plug Load: <1%, Space Heat: <1%, Water Heat: <1%, Computers: <1%, Cooking: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Refrigeration

67%

Lighting

23%

Other End Uses

10%

Figure B.4.12 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Hospital by End Use 

Total: 16 aMW

'

Plug Load: 4%, Heat Pump: 2%, Refrigeration: <1%, C ooking: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

33%

HVAC Aux

22%

Cooling

16% Water Heat

9%

C omputers

7%

Space Heat

5%

Other End Uses

7%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-8 

Figure B.4.13 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Lodging by End Use 

Total: 9 aMW

'

Plug Load: 4%, Computers: <1%, C ooking: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

Space Heat 22%

20%

Heat Pump

17%

HVAC Aux

14%

Water Heat

13%

C ooling

10%

Other End Uses

5%

Figure B.4.14 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Miscellaneous Facilities by End Use 

Total: 44 aMW

'

Plug Load: 4%, Computers: 2%, Refrigeration: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

40%

Space Heat

16%

HVAC Aux

14% C ooling

14%

Water Heat

5%

Heat Pump

5%

Other End Uses

6%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-9 

Figure B.4.15 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Office by End Use 

Total: 118 aMW Lighting

35%

C ooling

16%

Space Heat

13%

Heat Pump

10%

Plug Load

8%

HVAC Aux

7%

Water Heat

6%

Computers

4%

Figure B.4.16 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Restaurant by End Use 

Total: 15 aMW

'

Plug Load: 4%, Cooking: 4%, Heat Pump: 3%, Space Heat: <1%, Computers: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Water Heat

32%

Lighting

18%

Refrigeration

16%

C ooling

13%

HVAC Aux

9%

Other End Uses

12%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-10 

Figure B.4.17 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Retail by End Use 

Total: 34 aMW

'

Heat Pump: 4%, Water Heat: 4%, Plug Load: 2%, C omputers: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

49%

Cooling

19%

HVAC Aux

15%

Space Heat

7%

Other End Uses

10%

Figure B.4.18 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Warehouse by End Use 

Total: 13 aMW

'

Cooling: 2%, Plug Load: 2%, Heat Pump: 2%, Computers: 2%, Refrigeration: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

71%

Water Heat

9%

Space Heat

6%

HVAC Aux

5%

Other End Uses

8%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-11 

Figure B.4.19 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Chemicals by End Use 

Total: 0 aMW

'

HVAC : <1%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Pumps

35%

Motors Other

22%

Process

18%

Lighting

13%

Fans

12%

Other End Uses

<1%

Figure B.4.20 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Electrical by End Use 

Total: 0 aMW

'

Lighting: 3%, Pumps: 2%, Fans: <1%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Process

60%

HVAC

27%

Motors Other

6%

Other End Uses

7%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-12 

Figure B.4.21 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Electronics by End Use 

Total: 1 aMW

'

Lighting: 4%, Pumps: 2%, Fans: 1%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

HVAC

58%

Process

29%

Motors Other

6%

Other End Uses

6%

Figure B.4.22 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Food by End Use 

Total: 1 aMW

'

HVAC : <1%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Motors Other

37%

Process

33%

Lighting

12%

Pumps

12%

Fans

6%

Other End Uses

<1%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-13 

Figure B.4.23 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Machinery by End Use 

Total: 1 aMW

'

HVAC : <1%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

37%

Fans

20%

Motors Other

17%

Pumps

17%

Process

8%

Other End Uses

<1%

Figure B.4.24 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Metals by End Use 

Total: 0 aMW

'

HVAC : <1%, Pumps: <1%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

39%

Motors Other

35% Process

18%

Fans

7%

Other End Uses

<1%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-14 

Figure B.4.25 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Minerals by End Use 

Total: 0 aMW

Fans

27%

Motors Other

23%

Pumps

23%

Lighting

15%

Process

12%

HVAC

<1%

Figure B.4.26 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Miscellaneous by End Use 

Total: 1 aMW

'

Pumps: 5%, Process: 4%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

42%

HVAC

23%

Motors Other

14%

Fans

12%

Other End Uses

9%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-15 

Figure B.4.27 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Petroleum by End Use 

Total: 0 aMW

'

Lighting: 2%, HVAC : <1%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Motors Other

41%

Pumps

23%

Process

18%

Fans

15%

Other End Uses

2%

Figure B.4.28 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Plastic/Rubber by End Use 

Total: 0 aMW

'

HVAC : <1%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Fans

31%

Lighting

30%

Pumps

26%

Process

13%

Other End Uses

<1%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-16 

Figure B.4.29 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Printing by End Use 

Total: 0 aMW

'

HVAC : <1%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

37%

Fans

27%

Pumps

23%

Process

11%

Other End Uses

1%

Figure B.4.30 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Transportation by End Use 

Total: 0 aMW

'

HVAC : <1%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Process

49%

Fans

18%

Motors Other

18%

Lighting

14%

Other End Uses

1%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-17 

Figure B.4.31 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Wood Products by End Use 

Total: 1 aMW

'

HVAC : <1%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Motors Other

55%

Process

19%

Fans

15%

Lighting

11%

Other End Uses

<1%

Figure B.4.32 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Residential by Segment 

Total: 183,346,243 Therms

'

Multifamily: 2%, Manufactured: <1%

Note: 'Other Segments' includes:

Single Family

98%

Other Segments

2%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-18 

Figure B.4.33 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial by Segment 

Total: 79,634,874 Therms Office

26%

Miscellaneous Facilities

19%

Education

18%

Hospital

12%

Retail

11%

Restaurant

5%

Warehouse

5%

Grocery

3%

Lodging

3%

Figure B.4.34 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial by Segment 

Total: 5,009,035 Therms

'

Paper: 1%, Petroleum: <1%

Note: 'Other Segments' includes:

Miscellaneous

16%

Machinery

14%

Metals

12%

Printing

11%

Transportation

10%

Food

9%

Minerals

7%

Electronics

6%

Wood Products

4%

Plastic/Rubber

4%

Electrical

3%

Chemicals

2%

Other Segments

1%

Other Segments 1% 

Chemicals 2% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-19 

Figure B.4.35 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Residential by End Use 

Total: 183,346,243 Therms

'

Dryer: <1%, Pool Heat: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heating

75%

Water Heat

24%

Other End Uses

<1%

Figure B.4.36 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial by End Use 

Total: 79,634,874 Therms

Heating

76%

Water Heat

21%

Cooking

3%

Pool Heat

<1%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-20 

Figure B.4.37 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial by End Use 

Total: 5,009,035 Therms Process Heat

50%

HVAC

28%

Indirect Boiler

21%

Process Other

1%

Figure B.4.38 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Residential Single Family by End Use 

Total: 179,280,600 Therms

'

Dryer: <1%, Pool Heat: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heating

76%

Water Heat

24%

Other End Uses

<1%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-21 

Figure B.4.39 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Residential Multifamily by End Use 

Total: 3,418,576 Therms

Heating

62%

Water Heat

38%

Dryer

<1%

Figure B.4.40 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Residential Manufactured by End Use 

Total: 647,067 Therms

Heating

76%

Water Heat

24%

Dryer

<1%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-22 

Figure B.4.41 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Education by End Use 

Total: 13,979,954 Therms

'

Pool Heat: 4%, C ooking: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heating

75%

Water Heat

20%

Other End Uses

5%

Figure B.4.42 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Grocery by End Use 

Total: 2,160,060 Therms

Heating

61%

Water Heat

35%

Cooking

4%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-23 

Figure B.4.43 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Hospital by End Use 

Total: 9,289,627 Therms Heating

52%

Water Heat

48%

Cooking

<1%

Figure B.4.44 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Lodging by End Use 

Total: 2,122,640 Therms

Water Heat

61%

Heating

29%

Pool Heat

8%

Cooking

2%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-24 

Figure B.4.45 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Miscellaneous Facilities by End Use 

Total: 15,023,824 Therms

Heating

89%

Water Heat

11%

Figure B.4.46 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Office by End Use 

Total: 20,613,137 Therms

Heating

91% Water Heat

9%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-25 

Figure B.4.47 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Restaurant by End Use 

Total: 4,368,761 ThermsWater Heat

52%

Cooking

40%

Heating

8%

Figure B.4.48 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Retail by End Use 

Total: 8,372,916 Therms

Heating

87%

Water Heat

13%

Therms 

Water Heat 

 52% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-26 

Figure B.4.49 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Warehouse by End Use 

Total: 3,703,955 Therms

Heating

92%

Water Heat

8%

Figure B.4.50 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Chemicals by End Use 

Total: 123,785 Therms

Process Heat

71%

Indirect Boiler

21%

Process Other

5%

HVAC

3%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-27 

Figure B.4.51 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Electrical by End Use 

Total: 141,893 Therms

Process Heat

70%

Indirect Boiler

17%

HVAC

12%

Figure B.4.52 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Electronics by End Use 

Total: 300,261 Therms

HVAC

44%

Indirect Boiler

43%

Process Heat

13%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-28 

Figure B.4.53 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Food by End Use 

Total: 441,392 ThermsProcess Heat

53%

Indirect Boiler

34%

HVAC

7%

Process Other

6%

Figure B.4.54 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Machinery by End Use 

Total: 686,254 Therms

HVAC

38%

Process Heat

32% Indirect Boiler

30%

Therms 

 Process Heat 

 53% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-29 

Figure B.4.55 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Metals by End Use 

Total: 601,719 Therms

Process Heat

63%

Indirect Boiler

20%

HVAC

17%

Process Other

<1%

Figure B.4.56 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Minerals by End Use 

Total: 375,362 Therms

'

HVAC : 2%, Indirect Boiler: <1%, Process Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Process Heat

97%

Other End Uses

3%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-30 

Figure B.4.57 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Miscellaneous by End Use 

Total: 783,236 Therms

HVAC

67%

Process Heat

21%

Indirect Boiler

12%

Figure B.4.58 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Petroleum by End Use 

Total: 17,685 Therms

Process Heat

60%

Indirect Boiler

40%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-31 

Figure B.4.59 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Plastic/Rubber by End Use 

Total: 197,370 Therms

Process Heat

39%

Indirect Boiler

38%

HVAC

19%

Process Other

4%

Figure B.4.60 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Printing by End Use 

Total: 567,711 Therms

Process Heat

69%

HVAC

23%

Indirect Boiler

8%
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.4-32 

Figure B.4.61 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Transportation by End Use 

Total: 515,163 ThermsProcess Heat

50%

HVAC

30%

Indirect Boiler

18%

Process Other

2%

Figure B.4.62 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Wood Products by End Use 

Total: 204,928 Therms

Process Heat

70%

Indirect Boiler

23%

HVAC

5%

Process Other

1%

Therms 

 Process Heat 

 50% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix C-1 

Appendix C. Technical Supplements: Fuel 

Conversion 

This appendix contains technical details about the fuel conversion potentials. 

 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix C-2 

Table C.1 Economic Assumptions 

Assumption Value 

Discount Rate 8.10% 

Inflation Rate 2.50% 

Electric T&D Savings 0.00% 

Gas T&D Savings 0.80% 

Admin Adder 5.00% 

Conservation Credit 10.00% 

Electric: Carbon Adder 20.00% 

Gas: Carbon Adder 10.00% 

Main Ext - Short (ft) 50 

Main Ext - Medium (ft) 300 

Main Ext - Long (ft) 500 

Line Cost per foot $40 

In-House Extension $3,406 

NPV Avoided Generation ($/kW) $0.00 

therms/kWh Conversion Factor 0.0341 

Zone Heating Adoption 

Percentage 5% 

Electric Dryer Energy Factor 2.67 

Gas Dryer Energy Factor 3.01 

Electric Range Energy Factor 0.068 

Gas Range Energy Factor 0.112 

Electric Retail Rate - Residential $0.107 

Electric Retail Rate - Commercial $0.090 

Gas Retail Rate - Residential $1.53 

Gas Retail Rate - Commercial $1.39 

Utility/Participant Cost Basis Total 

Rate Escalators Yearly 

Levelized Gas Avoided Cost (Dth) $9.53

Source for Electricity Use Data is 2001 Electric End Use Model. 

Labor is included for Space/Zone Heating Equipment Cost. 

One-year potential assumes linear acquisition 

UECs for electric dryer/cooking: PSE gas tariff information 

UECs for space/water heating: EndUse Forecaster Model 

All calculations done for kWh/therms at GENERATION 

 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix C-3 

Table C.2 Piping and Labor Costs 

End Use Costs 

Space Heating, Ducted $700 

Space Heating, Baseboard $500 

Clothes Drying $200 

Cooking $200 

Water Heating $200 

Space Heating $700 

Table C.3 Total Customers 

Cutstomer Type New Existing 

Single Family NA 883,839 

Commercial 107,443 172,072 

Multifamily 200,715 NA 

Table C.4 Distribution of Single-Family Home Size 

Home Size % of Homes 

SFam - 1800 sq ft 50% 

SFam - 2100 sq ft 10% 

SFam - 2400 sq ft 40% 
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix C-4 

Table C.5 Fuel Conversion Measure Assumptions 

Sector Segme nt End Use Construction Type Discre tionary / Lost Opportunity Measure Name Me asure Description Ba seline Description Measure Life Unit Definition Avg # of Units EEM Per Unit Cost ($) Ba seline Measure Per Unit Cost ($) Increm

Per U

Cost 

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted Existing Discretionary Furnace 90% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 Per installation 1 5,5 $ 875.42 26.00 $ 4,6

$ 

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted Existing Discretionary Furnace 90% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 Per installation 1 5,5 $ 875.42 26.00 $ 4,6

$ 

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Clothes Drying Existing Discretionary Dryer Moisture Sensor Dryer Electric dryer w/ moisture sens, 7.0cuft 30 Per installation 1 679.00 $ 636.52 $ 

$ 

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Cooking Existing Discretionary Over Convection Cooking Convection Electric range, 30" 30 Per installation 1 $ 759.62 849.00 $ 

$ 

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Water Heating Existing Discretionary Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 1,471.00 $ 654.26 $ 8

$ 

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Water Heating Existing Discretionary Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 943.10 $ 654.26 $ 2

$ 

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Clothes Drying Existing Discretionary Dryer Moisture Sensor Dryer Electric dryer w/ moisture sens, 7.0cuft 30 Per installation 1 679.00 $ 636.52 $ 

$ 

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Cooking Existing Discretionary Over Convection Cooking Convection Electric range, 30" 30 Per installation 1 $ 759.62 849.00 $ 

$ 

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Water Heating Existing Discretionary Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 1,471.00 $ 654.26 $ 8

$ 

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Water Heating Existing Discretionary Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 943.10 $ 654.26 $ 2

$ 

Commercial Commercial Space Heating: Ducted Existing Discretionary Furnace 90% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 Per installation 1 8,147.92 $ 1,974.10 $ 6,1

$ 

Commercial Commercial Water Heating Existing Discretionary Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 3 $ 1,957.73 ,866.82 $ 1,9

$ 

Commercial Commercial Water Heating Existing Discretionary Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 $ 1,957.73 3,357.84 $ 1,4

$ 

Commercial Commercial Water Heating New Discretionary Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 3,866. $ 1,957.73 82 $ 1,9

$ 

Commercial Commercial Water Heating New Discretionary Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 3,124 $ 1,957.73 .85 $ 1,1

$ 

Commercial Commercial Space Heating New Discretionary Warm-Up Heat Gas warm up heat Electric Furnace 30 Per installation 1 17,032.37 $ 9,424.58 $ 7,6

$ 

Commercial Commercial Space Heating New Discretionary Furnace 90% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 Per installation 1 2,996.11 $ 1,974.10 $ 1,0

$ 

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Space Heating: Ducted New Discretionary Furnace 90% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 Per installation 1 2,1 $ 875.42 20.00 $ 1,2

$ 

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Space Heating: Baseboard New Discretionary Furnace 90% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 Per installation 1 1,920.00 $ 164.87 $ 1,7

$ 

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Clothes Drying New Discretionary Dryer Moisture Sensor Dryer Electric dryer w/ moisture sens, 7.0cuft 30 Per installation 1 679.00 $ 636.52 $ 

$ 

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Cooking New Discretionary Over Convection Cooking Convection Electric range, 30" 30 Per installation 1 $ 759.62 849.00 $ 

$ 

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Water Heating New Discretionary Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 1,267.00 $ 654.26 $ 6

$ 

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Water Heating New Discretionary Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 943.10 $ 654.26 $ 2

$ 

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Space Heating: Ducted New Discretionary Furnace 90% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 Per installation 1 2,1 $ 875.42 20.00 $ 1,2

$ 

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Space Heating: Baseboard New Discretionary Furnace 90% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 Per installation 1 1,920.00 $ 164.87 $ 1,7

$ 

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Clothes Drying New Discretionary Dryer Moisture Sensor Dryer Electric dryer w/ moisture sens, 7.0cuft 30 Per installation 1 679.00 $ 636.52 $ 

$ 

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Cooking New Discretionary Over Convection Cooking Convection Electric range, 30" 30 Per installation 1 $ 759.62 849.00 $ 

$ 

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Water Heating New Discretionary Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 1,267.00 $ 654.26 $ 6

$ 

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Water Heating New Discretionary Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 943.10 $ 654.26 $ 2

$ 

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Space Heating: Ducted New Discretionary Furnace 90% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 Per installation 1 2,12 $ 875.42 0.00 $ 1,2

$ 

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Space Heating: Baseboard New Discretionary Furnace 90% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 Per installation 1 $ 164.87 1,920.00 $ 1,7

$ 

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Clothes Drying New Discretionary Dryer Moisture Sensor Dryer Electric dryer w/ moisture sens, 7.0cuft 30 Per installation 1 679.00 $ 636.52 $ 

$ 

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Cooking New Discretionary Over Convection Cooking Convection Electric range, 30" 30 Per installation 1 8 $ 759.62 49.00 $ 

$ 

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Water Heating New Discretionary Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 1,267.00 $ 654.26 $ 6

$ 

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Water Heating New Discretionary Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 943.10 $ 654.26 $ 2

$ 

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Space Heating: Ducted New Discretionary Furnace 90% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 Per installation 1 2,12 $ 875.42 0.00 $ 1,2

$ 

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Space Heating: Baseboard New Discretionary Furnace 90% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 Per installation 1 $ 164.87 1,920.00 $ 1,7

$ 

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Clothes Drying New Discretionary Dryer Moisture Sensor Dryer Electric dryer w/ moisture sens, 7.0cuft 30 Per installation 1 941.00 $ 636.52 $ 3

$ 

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Cooking New Discretionary Over Convection Cooking Convection Electric range, 30" 30 Per installation 1 8 $ 759.62 49.00 $ 

$ 

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Water Heating New Discretionary Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 1,267.00 $ 654.26 $ 6

$ 

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Water Heating New Discretionary Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 Per installation 1 943.10 $ 654.26 $ 2

$ 

Fuel Conversion Measure Assumptions
Comprehensive Assessment of Demand-Side Resource Potentials April 2011 

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix C-5 

Figure C.1 Customers Available for Fuel Conversion 

Residential Single FamilyResidential Multifamily

MM

Commercial

M

PSE Electric 

Customers

Not Gas 

Customer: PSE 

Gas Territory

Existing PSE 

Gas Customers

On Main EXISTING VINTAGE

NEW 

VINTAGE

PSE Electric 

Territory

PSE Gas Territory On Main

PSE Electric 

Customers

Not Gas Customer: 

PSE Gas Territory

Existing PSE Gas 

Customers

EXISTING On Main

VINTAGE

NEW 

VINTAGE

PSE Electric 

Territory

PSE Gas Territory On Main