DEPARTMENT OP THE INTEBIOB .

BULLETIN

OF THK

UNITED STATES

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

No.

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

1896

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

CHAKLES D. WALCOTT, DIKECTOB

TO THE

OF

NORTHWESTERN LOUISIANA

T. WAYILAND VATJGHAN

WASHINGTON

G- O V E E, N M E N T POINTING OFFICE 

1896 *

CONTENTS.

Paga

Lettet of transmittal........................................................ 9

Prefatory note.............................................................. 11

Stratigraphy of the region.................................................. 12

Area defined............................................................ 12

Cretaceous.............................................................. 12

Tertiary................................................................ 14

Eocene ............................................................. 14

Lignitic stage .................................... .............. 15

Lower Claiborne stage.......................................... 15

The Arcadia clays.......................................... 18

The small prairies or meadows of Winn Parish.............. 19

The Upper Lignitic of Dr. Lerch............................ 20

The red clays and red sandy clays in the vicinity of Mount

Lebanon and Arcadia...................'................. 20

The Cocksfield Ferry beds....................................... 21

The Jackson and Vicksburg stages.............................. "22

Upper Oligocene: The Grand Gulf group............................ 24

Sparta sands; age undetermined........................................ 25

Pleistocene and Eecent.................................. , ............... 26

Second bottoms and alluvial valleys................................ 26

The geologic section of northwestern Louisiana......................... 26

Summary of conclusions................................................ 26

Annotated bibliography of papers dealing with Louisiana paleontology...... 27

Localities from which fossils are recorded in this paper...................... 30

Description of new species.................................................. 32

List of fossils ........................................................... 37

Lower Claiborne species................................................ 37

Jackson species......................................................... 49

Vicksburg species.;..................................................... 52

5

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Page

PLATE I. Geologic sections showing the character of the Eocene beds of Louisiana ............................................................ 56

II. Eocene fossils of Louisiana........................................ 58

III. Eocene fossils of Louisiana....................,..........."........ 60

IV. Eocene fossils of Louisiana........................................ 62

7

LETTER OFTRANSMITTAL.

DEPARTMENT OP THE INTERIOR, 

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY,

Washington, J). 0., March 21, 1896.

SIR: I take pleasure in transmitting herewith a manuscript entitled 

UA brief contribution to the geology and paleontology of northwestern 

Louisiana," by T. Wayland Yaughan. This paper embraces the valuable results of Mr. Yaughan's observations in an important region of 

the United States, and I recommend that it be published as a bulletin 

of the Survey.

Yery respectfully, EGBERT T. HILL,

Geologist. 

Hon. C. D. WALCOTT,

Director United States Geological Survey.

9

A BRIEF CONTRIBUTION TO THE GEOLOGY AND 

PALEONTOLOGY OF NORTHWESTERN LOUISIANA.

By T. WAYLAND VATJGHAN.

PREFATORY NOTE.

The following short .paper gives the results of some studies that I 

have made on the geology and paleontology of northwestern Louisiana. 

This contribution is necessarily of a fragmentary nature, partly on 

account of the conditions under which the studies have been prosecuted and partly from an entire lack of topographic maps of the area 

discussed. In the American Geologist for April, 1895,1 published a 

paper entitled "The stratigraphy of northwestern Louisiana." The 

greater part of that paper, with some verbal changes, is republished 

here as a stratigraphic introduction.

In the lists of the species, references to the publications where they 

were first described are omitted, because in Prof. G. D. Harris's report 

on the Tertiary geology of southern Arkansas' numerous references 

are given. . Professor Harris has written a " Monograph of the Tertiary Mollusca of Texas" (not yet published), and Mr. C. W. Johnson, 

curator of the museum of the Wagner Free Institute of Science, of 

Philadelphia, is engaged in making a catalogue, with bibliographic 

references, of the species in the Isaac Lea memorial collection of Eocene 

fossils. These publications will contain, references to practically all of 

the species listed in the present paper.

Dr. William H. Ball has prepared a paper, which will probably appear 

in the Eighteenth Annual Beport of the Survey, dealing with the 

nomenclature and correlation of the Tertiary beds of the United States. 

In this contribution Dr. Dall has shown that the Yicksburg and the 

Grand Gulf and the beds hitherto denominated Lower Miocene should 

be considered Oligocene, the first belonging to the Lower Oligocene 

and the second to the Upper Oligocene. Through the courtesy of Dr. 

Dall, I have utilized that class!fixation in the present paper.

I am under obligations to Dr. William H. Dall, Prof. Angelo Heilprin 

Mr. H. A. Pilsbry, Dr. C. E. Beecher, and Prof. K. P. Whitfield for 

access to the collections under their charge. Dr. Dall has permitted

1 Annual Report of the Geological Survey of Arkansas for 1802, Vol. II, 189d.

11
12 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BULL. 142.

me to catalogue the material from Louisiana in the United States 

National Museum. In the summer of 1892 I was assistant to Dr. Otto 

Lerch during his survey of the hills of northern Louisiana, and he 

submitted to me for study the collection of the Louisiana survey. 

Prof. G. D. Harris has given me much assistance in identifying many 

of the fossils. Mr. Eobert T. Hill, during the field season of 1894, 

gave me the opportunity to return to Louisiana to study further the 

Eocene of that State. Through his kindness I have been allowed time 

to continue my study of the fossils during the season of office work.

STRATIGRAPHY OF THE REGION.

AREA DEFINED.

The area here described is that portion of Louisiana bounded in a general way by the Arkansas and Texas State lines, by the Ouachita Eiver 

as far south as Harrisonburg, by a line running thence to Alexandria 

on the Bed Eiver, and thence northeast to a point west of Mansfield on 

the Sabiue Eiver. This area has been the subject of study by several geologists. Conrad, as early as 1834, x announced the existence of 

the Eocene ia it from fossils sent him. Later Hilgard, Hopkins, Johnson, Lerch, Harris, and McG.ee have done field work there. The publications of these geologists will be alluded to as reference to their work 

becomes necessary.

THE CRETACEOUS.

The existence of Cretaceous strata in Louisiana was first indisputably 

established by Hilgard in 1869.2 Subsequently Hopkins, Johnson, and 

Lerch have noted the occurrence of Cretaceous in the State. Dr. Lerch 

gives a list of the localities of these rocks in his preliminary report 3 

upon the geology of the hills of Louisiana, . Cretaceous outcrops have 

been found in northern Louisiana, in the parishes of Webster, Bienville, 

Natchitoches, Winn, and Eapides.

Hilgard observed that these outcrops when ,mapped form a line 

trending from northwest to southeast.4 Associated with them are salt 

deposits; hard limestone, sulphur, and gypsum are not infrequent. 

On sees. 31 and 32, T. 10 N., E. 4 W., near Atlanta, in Winn Parish, 

there outcrops a hard blue limestone, which is traversed by minute 

fissures. In these fissures a small amount of gold occurs.

In these rocks Exoyyra, costata has been found. As this fossil is characteristic of the Glauconitic division of the Upper Cretaceous, the 

strata in Louisiana bearing it must be considered as of Glauconitic age.

1 Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Vol. VII, 1834, p. 120.

2Preliminary report of a geological reconnoissance of Louisiana: Do Bow's New Orleans Review, 

September, 1869, p. 11.

3 A preliminary report upon the hills of Louisiana: Bulletin of the Louisiana Experiment Station, 

1893, Part II, p. 72.

«0p. cit., p. 11.
VAUGHAN.] THE CRETACEOUS. 13

8

Hilgard 1 mentions Gryphceapitclieri also; but he is without doubt mistaken in his identification, as Gr. pitcheri is a Comanche series fossil, 

and does not occur in the Upper Cretaceous.

The relations of the Eocene to the Cretaceous, as conceived by 

Hopkius,2 are shown in a section across the State, published in his first 

report. He indicates that there are knobs of Cretaceous, around which 

the Eocene was deposited, but does not state explicitly the relations 

existing- between the' two series.

Dr. Lerch 3 gives the following explanation:

If we connect the above localities we obtain an irregular line with a northwesterly 

trend, revealing the distribution of the Cretaceous deposits in north Louisiana as 

far as explored over 1,000 feet in thickness. Nowhere outside of the outcrops have 

bores reached the Cretaceous, not even in the nearest vicinity; wells of considerable 

depth have penetrated the shales of the Lower Liguitic and Marine Claiborne which 

surround these islands. It is most probable, however, that at Shreveport the artesian bore, 1,100 feet in depth, has penetrated the Tertiary strata, and that the water 

flows from the Upper Cretaceous sands. Judging from the bores and exposures of 

this substructure of Louisiana, and excluding the overlying later deposits, it represents a ridge with steep hillsides and occasional high peaks with almost perpendicular declivities. The Exoyyra 'costata and the Gryphwapittheri, found in close proximity 

in these outcrops, as well as the Eocene directly overlying and resting against the 

Cretaceous, seem to prove that at the close of Mesozoic time enormous plutonic forces 

convulsed, fractured, faulted, and folded the Cretaceous strata, throwing up mountain chains of vast extent and raising them far above the waters of the Gulf. It 

seems to us more than possible that these grand disturbances involve the whole of 

the Southern Cretaceous, and that the enormous downthrow along the Balcoues and 

the basaltic outbreaks along that fault are contemporaneous with the origin of the 

mountain chain iu the Tertiary of that State and of Louisiana. In the basins and 

embaynients formed the Eocene strata were deposited, the very existence of which 

proves that there was no interval of a land period between the Cretaeeous and Tertiary in this State, and if we could remove the covering mantle we would see the 

chains and peaks of limestone ranges formed at the close of the Middle Ages of our 

planet altered somewhat by later erosion and denudation.

I am not prepared to agree with Dr. Lerch as to the correlation of 

the disturbance in Louisiana succeeding the close of the Cretaceous 

deposition, with the times of the Balcones faulting and the Pilot Knob 

volcanic activity.4 I will emphasize the following facts, however. The 

Cretaceous outcrops in the area under discussion have a general southeast and northwest trend, with knobs or peaks projecting along the 

line, and around these knobs the Eocene has been deposited. The 

occurrence of many of these projecting peaks would indicate a period 

of erosion intervening between the close of the Cretaceous and the 

beginning of the Eocene. Furthermore, the Cretaceous at the Winn 

Parish marble quarry is almost horizontal, the limestone rising as a

"Preliminary report of a geological reconnoissance of Louisiana, p. 11.

2Firat Annual Report of tho Geological Survey of Louisiana, p. 78, in the Louisiana State University Report for 1869, published 1870.

3 A preliminary report upon the hills of Louisiana: Bulletin of the Louisiana Experiment Station, 

1893, Part II, p. 72.

4 The Pilot Knob volcauo was probably active during late Cretaceous time, whereas the Balcones, 

faulting took place much later.
14 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BULL. 142.

t

butte-like mass into the Eocene. If there had been a mountain chain, 

as Dr. Lerch maintains, with the Eocene depdsited immediately thereafter, before erosion had degraded the limestone, the Cretaceous rock 

at this place should represent either a dome or an anticline, but such 

is not the case. Apparently the most logical explanation of the relation of the Cretaceous to the Eocene is that a laud period followed the 

close of the deposition of the rocks belonging to the former series.

THE TERTIARY. 

THE EOCENE, ITS CHARACTERS AND DISTRIBUTION.

The Eocene of Louisiana has been.the subject of more or less study 

ever since Conrad, in 1834, announced the existence of strata of that 

age in the State. These beds are composed of lignitic clays and sands, 

the sands often cross bedded, with the interstratification of beds bearing a littoral fauna; the fossiliferous beds are occasionally impure 

limestone. Apparently beds in one place bearing marine fossils may 

in other places be represented by beds of the §ame age devoid of animal 

remains; therefore it is not at present possible to subdivide and correlate with accuracy all of the strata belonging to the Eocene period 

found in Louisiana.

The following are approximately the limits of the area occupied by 

the strata belonging to this period in Louisiana: On the north and. 

west the Eocene of this State is continuous with that of Arkansas and 

Texas, on the south the boundary is formed by the Grand Gulf Oligocene. This Oligocene parting runs from a few miles south of Rosefield, 

in Catahoula Parish, by Ceuterville, in the same parish, crossing Little 

River 5 or G miles below Georgetown, reaching the Ked Eiver 5 miles 

north of Colfax, in Grant Parish, and the Sabine Biver near the mouth 

of Bayou Negrut. 1

Dr. Lerch has divided the Eocene as follows: 

 Vicksburg. 

Jackson. 

Arcadia clays. 1

Upper Lignitic. ( . .

,, /-,i M > Provisional names. Marme Claiborne. [ ..

Lower Lignitic. J 

The following scheme is used in this paper:

Oligocene (Lower) Vicksburg. 

(Intervening Lignitic clays.) 

Eocene:

Jackson.

Cocksfield Ferry beds (equivalent, in a general way, to the Claiborne sands of 

Alabama).

Lower Claiborne, including Ostrea sellcvformis beds, Lisbon beds, and Buhrsfone.

Lignitic.

1 Some of tbo above data are taken from Hopkins: First Annual Report of Louisiana State Geological Survey, p. 99, for 1869, published 1870.
VAUOHAN.] THE TERTIARY. * 15

LIGNITIC STAGE.

If this formation occurs in Louisiana, it is only iu the northwestern 

corner of Cadclo Parish and probably at Shreveport. I have seen at 

Port Caddo Landing, in Harrison County, Tex., which adjoins Caddo 

Parish, strata that I consider Liguitic.1 If this point is connected with 

the point where Mr. Harris's Lignitic-Claiborne parting, as shown on 

his map of southern Arkansas, reaches the Arkansas-Louisiana State 

Hue, it will be seen that the northwestern corner of Oaddo Parish is 

most probably Lignitic. I have not been able to examine that area.

LOWER CLAIBORNE STAGE.

This stage covers by far the largest area of any of the subdivisions 

of the Eocene in Louisiana, extending south from the Arkansas line to 

Georgetown, on Little Eiver, to St. Maurice, at the mouth of Saline 

Bayou, on the Red Eiver, and to Provencal, on the Texas and Pacific

Bailway. Lower Claiborne fossils have been found in Bossier, Webster, 

Olaiborne, Bienville, Jackson, Winn, Natchitoches, and Grant parishes. 

In Alabama 2 the Lower Claiboriie is divided into 

Ostrea sellujformis beds. 

Lisbon beds. 

Buhrstone.

In Mississippi Dr. Hilgard 3 divides the Claiborne, below the Lignitic 

bed at the base of the Jackson, into 

Calcareous. 

Siliceous Claiborne.

Smith 4 writes:

' From the section given in Hilgard's report, it seems that the middle part of what 

we have called the Claiborne series, containing the great number of Ostrea sMcvformi*, are the beds of the Calcareous division best developed in that State.6

The Siliceous Claiborne represents in large part the Buhrstone of 

Alabama. This formation in Alabama and Mississippi receives its 

name from the peculiar lithologic characters of its constituent rocks, 

which find no counterpart in Louisiana. As the Buhrstone in these 

two States is not characterized by well preserved fossil organisms, it 

is not possible to make any precise correlation in the Louisiana section.

The region in which Lower Claiborne fossils have been found has 

already been indicated. The following are the general lithologic characters presented by the stage in Louisiana. In Caddo and De Soto 

parishes and in I^atchitoches Parish 0 as far south as Victoria this for1 Am. Geologist, Vol. XVI, pp. 304-309, November, 1895.

1 G. D. Harris: Am. Jour. Sci., April, 1894. See also Smith and Johnson: Bull. D". S. Gool. Survey No. 

43,1887.

3 Agric. and Gool. of Miss., 1860, p. 108. 

< Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 43,1887, p. 25.

6 The author is not altogether certain about Smith's correlation. 

6 This part of the Lower Claiboriie is Hilgard's Mansfield group.
16 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BULL. 142.

mation is represented by lignitic sands and clays devoid of marine 

fossils, but lignitiferous strata occur throughout the whole-area of the 

Lower Claiborne. In Bossier, Claiborne, and Bienville parishes fossils 

are found as casts in sandstone and as ferruginous replacements. In 

Webster, Bienville, and Jackson parishes the fossils are usually obtained 

in glauconitic sands, although in the two last parishes they are occasionally present in yellowish clay. Farther south, in the extreme southern portion of Bienville Parish and in Natchitoches and Winn parishes, 

the fossiliferous beds are very calcareous and are rich in fossils, which 

are usually poorly preserved. Ostrea sellceformis is often extremely 

abundant. There are slight paleontologic differences to be found in 

the fauna contained in the calcareous clays or clayey limestones of 

northwestern Wiun Parish and of Natchitoches Parish, as compared 

with the fauna found in the glauconitic sands to the northwest; but 

both faunas are beyond doubt Lower Claiborne, and they are very 

closely related. From the southeast dip of the Eocene of Louisiana it 

appears very probable that the calcareous beds above alluded to represent a horizon a little higher thao the glauconitic beds to the north. 

Within the calcareous area at St. Maurice, Eobertsville, and Georgetown Lower Claiborne fossils were obtained from glauconitic sands or 

greenish clays. These, beds, from the close resemblance of their fossils 

to those found in the calcareous beds, in all probability represent local 

lithologic differences in the horizon to which the calcareous beds belong.

The Lower Claiborne formation rests conformably upon the Lignitic, 

and passes conformably into the Cocksfield Ferry beds above.

Of Dr. Lerch's division the following belong to the Lower Claiborue:

Jackson (in part). 

Arcadia clays. 

Upper Lignitic (in part). 

Marine Claiborne.

Lower Lignitic (at least in part).

The sections shown in figs. I, 1 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, PI. I, indicate the 

general characters of the stage.

It is difficult to decide whether the strata exposed at Shreveport 

should be considered Lignitic or Lower Claiborne, although they are 

probably Liguitic.

The Mansfield group of Hilgard should in all probability be referred 

to the Lower Claiborne. There is in the Mansfield group, so far as we 

know, a complete absence of animal remains, the formation being composed of lignitiferous sands and clays. The characters of the strata, 

however, are lithologically the same as those of the lignitiferous beds 

that occur within the northern part of the Lower Claiborne area 

between the Ouachita and Eed rivers. The marine fossils found 

between these two rivers are always both overlain and underlain by 

lignitic strata. The Mansfield area lies south, southwest, and west of

1 Pig. 1 is probably Lignitic.
TAUOHAH.] THE TERTIARY. 17

a part of the Lower Claiborne area, in which marine fossils have been 

found. Making an approximate determination of the strike of the 

former beds, which is either north or northeast, the fossiliferous Lower 

CJaiborne of Bossier, Webster, Claiborue, and Bienville parishes would 

be along the strike line of the Mansfield. Lower Claiborne fossils have 

been found in Hard son County, Tex., 1 northwest of the outcrops of 

the Mansfield; they are found north, northeast, and east 2 of the outcrops of the formation under discussion in parishes already mentioned, 

and to the south the Mansfield in Natchitoches Parish dips under the 

Lower Claiborne at Victoria. The opinion has been expressed that the 

beds bearing marine fossils, found in the vicinity of Victoria, Provencal, 

Natchitoches, St. Maurice, etc., are stratigraphically above the fossiliferous beds found in Bossier, Webster, Claiborne, and Bienville parishes.

West of the outcrops of the Mansfield, in Texas, according to L. C. 

Johnson,3 is Claiborne. As the topography of the Mansfield does not 

represent a basin, 4 such as would suggest that the Lower Claiborue 

had been eroded off and the 'Lignitic exposed, it seems to the writer 

that the Mansfield is only a portion of the Lower Claiborne devoid of 

marine fossils.

The presence of such mollusks as Ostrea divaricata, 0. sellccformis, 

Anomia ephippoides, Borsonia biconica, Latirus moorei, Fusus mortoni 

var. mortoniopsis, etc., in the Claiborne strata of Louisiana, leaves no 

doubt as to what the homotaxial equivalents in Mississippi, Alabama, 

and Texas are. The corals are, if possible, even more decisive than 

the mollusks; but as only a few of the species have been described, 

and as I wish to publish descriptions of them in my paper on the 

"Eocene corals of the United States," their names are not here cited.

The age of these beds has already been pointed out by Johnson,5 

Lerch,6 and Harris,7 but all three have erred in making the Lower 

Claiborue area too small and the Jackson area too large.

Lower Claiborne fossils were collected by the Louisiana Geological 

Survey at Georgetown, on the railroad from Monroe to Alexandria, 

near Little River. This shows the existence of Lower Claiborue strata 

farther south than has hitherto been recorded. Some of the species 

are:

Volatilities petrosns Con. Venericardia planicosta Con. 

Latirus ruoorei Gabb. Corbula sp. 

Lunatia emiuula Con.

'Lawrence C.Johnson, The Iron Itegions of northern Louisiana and eastern Texas: Ex. Doc. No. 

195, H. of K., 50th Congress, 1st session, p. 21,1888. Map.

2 The Lower Claiborne is cast of the Mansfield in Natchitoches, Winn, and Grant parishes.

slbid., see map.

4 The average altitude along the Texas and Pacific Railway from Shreveport, after passing out of 

the river bottom, to Provencal, is 281 feet; along the Vicksburg, Shreveport and Pacific Railroad from 

Shroveport, after leaving the Red River bottom, to Calhoun, it is 247 feet. These elevations are taken 

from the respective railroad profiles.

6 Ibid., p. 20.

6 A preliminary report upon the hills of Louisiana, Part II, 1893, p. 82.

'Tertiary Geology of Southern Arkansas, 1894, p. 177, Professor Harris erred in accepting the provious work of Johnson on the areal distribution,

Bull. 142 2
18 GEOLOGY AND -PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BULL. 142.

I regard the Latirus moorei as indicative of the age of the beds.

Four questions need further discussion: First, the Arcadia clays; 

second, the small prairies or meadows in Bienville, northern Winn, and 

Natchitoches parishes; third, the Upper Lignitic of Dr. Lerch; fourth, 

the red clays in the vicinity of Mount Lebanon and Arcadia.

The Arcadia clays. Dr. Lerch has described a series of gray clays, 

typically exposed in the vicinity of Arcadia, and which he considered 

as resting upon the eroded surface of the Claiborne strata. To these 

clays in his second report the name "Arcadia clays " was given, and 

they were considered of Jackson age.

I was first led to doubt the existence of an unconformity for paleontologic reasons. The Lower Claiborne attains a fine development in 

Louisiana. In Winii and Natchitoches parishes the Lower Olaiborne 

beds, as already noted, become very calcareous, and Ostrea sellccformis 

is often found in the greatest abundance. These features are characteristic of Hilgard's Calcareous Claiborne in Mississippi, which has been 

correlated with the Ostrea sellceformis beds of Alabama by Smith. The 

Ostrea sellceformis beds in Alabama are separated from the Jackson by 

scarcely 30 feet of strata. Whether the Calcareous beds of Winn and 

Natchitoches parishes are the exact equivalent of the Ostrea sellceformis 

beds of Alabama or not, the fact remains that they are not far from the 

base of the Jackson, and it seems improbable that a long period of 

dry land surface could nave intervened. Furthermore, G. D. Harris,1 

in Arkansas, discovered beds " Uppermost Claibornian, or perhaps transitional between that and the Jackson," a fact to my mind making it 

still mote improbable that there could have been in Louisiana an erosion 

period between the two stages.

In order to study this supposed unconformity further, in November, 

1894,1 went to Arcadia to examine again some sections in that vicinity. 

Fig. 3, PI. I, represents a section made in the first railroad cut west 

of that town. The gray or Arcadia clays were found resting conformably on the black clays. The dip of both the gray and black clays was 

the same in both direction and amount, and the stratification was absolutely continuous from one clay to the other. From the distribution 

of the color one would at first be inclined to think that there was an 

unconformity, but in a layer not thicker than one's finger I have seen the 

stratum in the length of about a foot light gray or blue, then chocolate 

and at last black (or almost black) where it passes into the black nucleus 

of the cut. Fig. 4, a section made.on the Louisiana and Northwestern 

Eailway, G £ miles south of Gibbslaud, represents the same phenomena.

I believe that the appearance of these sections is simply the result 

of weathering, and that the black clays represent an unweathered 

nucleus.

In some cases the difference between the gray and blackish clays 

may be due to different lithologic constitution, but I have never seen 

any evidence that an erosion period intervened between the "Arcadia 

clays" and the Lower Claiborne beds.

> Tertiary Geology of Southern Arkansas, 1894, p. 93.
THE TEETIAEY. 19

On only one of the hilltops above the "Arcadia clays" did I find fossils and that was 011 the Louisiana and jSTorthwestern Bailway, between 

5 and G miles south of Gibbsland. Here gray and mottled clays grade 

upward into red clays which contained a cast of Venericardia planicosta. As this species is found in both the Jackson and lower Eocene 

beds, it does not fix the age of the beds, but on Hammetts Branch, 

SW. £ of sec. 30, T. 18 K, R. 6 W., in a gray joint clay numerous Lower 

Claiborne fossils, such as Anomia ephippoides and Fldbellum cuneiforme 

var. pachyphyllum, were found. Dr. Lerch says:*

A paucity of fossils characterizes these deposits, and so far oiily near tho line of 

contact with the underlying greensand marine shells have been found which prove 

to be the same as those found in the underlying Claiborue formation.

I believe that the name "Arcadia clays" must be abandoned and the 

clays for which the name stands be referred to the Lower Claiborne.

The small prairies of Winn and Nateliitoches parishes.2 Unfortunately, from lithologic and topographic resemblance, much of the Lower 

Claiborne of Louisiana has been confused with the Jackson. Johnson 

says: 3

The boundary of this formation [the Jackson] was traced by prairies arid wells 

along tho left bank of Bayou Saline and from the SW. J of sec. 20, T. 10 N., R. 5 W., 

northeastward to Gansville, near the borders of Jackson and Wiun parishes, and 

probably runs diagonally through Jackson Parish in the direction of Monroe, Ouachita 

Parish. The formation probably occupies high points still farther north on Bayou 

Saline.

Dr. Lerch 4 gives a section in White Oak Creek, 10 miles northwest 

of Winnfield which he considers to be the contact between the Jackson and his Upper Lignitic. He says: 5

A similar section is seen in No. 7 (fig.) of foregoing pages. The characteristic 

bald prairies are abundant in the neighborhood, and in the dumps of wells with 

uudrinkable water large seleuite crystals and Jackson fossils have been collected.

Both of these authors have erred as to the age of these beds, as the 

following list of some of the more characteristic fossils from one of 

these prairies, 10 miles northwest of Winnfield, will show. This collection was made by the Louisiana geological survey and was submitted 

to me for study. Thanks are due to Prof. G. D. Harris for assistance 

in determining some of the mollusks.

Pleurotoma sancti-mauritii, sp. nov. Pecten claibornensis Con. 

Fusus mortoni Lea. Limopsis aviculoides Con. 

Pseudolivavetusta Con. Crassatella texalta Harris (?). 

Cassidaria planotecta Mey. and Aid. Corbula oniscus Con. 

Rimella texana Harris. Protocardia gambrina Gabb. 

Turritella apita De Greg. Two undescribed corals, both typically 

dutexata Harris. Lower Claiborne, to which I have given 

Calyptrtea trochiformis Lam. the names Flabellum lerchi and ParaDentalium minutistriatum Gabb. cyathus bellus. 

Ostrea divaricata Lea.

alabamiensis Lea.

^preliminary report upon the hills of Louisiana, Part I, p. 11.

"Until tho author had studied the fossils found iu these prairies he thought some of the Lower 

Claiborne was Jackson.

8 Iron Regions of northern Louisiana and eastern Texas, 1888, p. 10. 

4 A preliminary report upon tho hills of Louisiana, 1893, Part II, p. 89. 

"The section was made on White Oak Creek, sec. 14, T. 11 N.,'K. 5 W.
20 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [B0LL.U2,

There is not a characteristic Jackson fossil in the above assemblage, 

while many are strictly Lower Claiborne.

Limestone of similar character to that in which the above fossils 

occur as casts, and containing the same fossils, is found in Natchitoches 

Parish, between Provencal and Eobertsville, and 1£ miles south of 

Provencal.

In the vicinity of Victoria, Provencal, IsTatchitoches, and in southern 

Bienville Parish are beds of Ostrea sellceformis, which usually form 

small prairies. On page 90 of his second report, in discussing the 

Jackson Vicksburg groups, section No. 14, Dr. Lerch says:

About 1 mile southwest of Victoria the following section was observed, showing 

well the position of the limestone of this formation:

1. Eed sandy clays.

2. Limestone with Ostrea, 2 feet.

3. Gray clay.

4. Laminated black Lignitic shales with sand partings to base. 

The foregoing exposure is 100 feet in vertical height. As this is the last section 

northward along this line, we refer the above limestone to the Jackson beds till the 

fossils have been studied.

In November, 1894,1 visited the locality at which this section was 

made, and found the limestone composed of Ostrea sellccformis and Anomia ephippoides, which of course put it into the Lower Claiborne; and 

as the gray clays are conformably just below the limestone, they must 

also be referred to the Lower Claiborne.

The '' Upper Lignitic" of Dr. Lerch. This author has described a 

series of lignitic clays, which he states overlie his "Marine Claiborne," 

and to which he has given the name of "Upper Lignitic." Part of his 

Upper Lignitic, as exposed 10 miles northwest of Winnfield, undoubtedly belongs in the Lower Claiborne, for it is there overlain by strata 

bearing Lower Claiborne fossils. But I am not certain that the strata 

in other localities presenting the same lithological appearance, and 

designated by Dr. Lerch as the Upper Lignitic, occupy the same strat* 

igraphic position. At Columbia the lignitic strata probably are not 

Lower Claiborne, but represent what I have called the Cocksfield 

Ferry beds. The lignitic strata about 3 miles south of EosefieldUie 

at the base of the Vicksburg, and most probably are intermediate 

between the Jackson and that stage.

The red clays and red sandy clays in the vicinity of Mount Lebanon and 

Arcadia. In northern Louisiana many hills are capped by deposits of 

red sandy clays, which in the vicinity of Mount Lebanon, Homer, and 

Arcadia contain fossils that are, excepting one species, identical with 

those of the underlying Lower Claiborne. The exception is the new 

Cardium, to which I have given the name of C. harrisi. Among the 

species found in these deposits are:

Volutilithes petrosus Con. Cardium harrisi sp. nov.2 

Ostrea divaricata Lea. Pteropsis conradi Dana. 

Venericardia planicosta Lain.

1 Lerch, A preliminary report upon the hilla of Louisiana, 1893, Part II, p. 08.

2 Professor Harris has examined the specimens submitted to me, and writes me that lie found the 

same species at Walnut Bluff, Ouachita River, Arkansas. On page 142 of his Arkansas report 

the species is referred to as Cardium sp.
VAUGHAN!] THE TERTIAEY. 21

In many places in northern Louisiana the red sandy clays or sands 

rest iniconformably ou the Eocene, and doubtless belong to the Lafayette of McGee.

As it appears that there has been some confusion of " Lafayette," 

" Orange sand," etc., with residual deposits, the reasons for considering 

the superficial clays around Mount'Lebanon and Arcadia residual are 

given at some length, as follows:

Two hypotheses for the presence of the Lower Claiborne fossils in 

the superficial deposits under discussion present themselves: First, 

they may have been transported; second, they may be in place. The 

latter hypothesis I regard as the correct one for the following reasons:

1. In Mount Lebanon, and north and east of that place, many of 

these fossils are found as casts in ferruginous sandstone or as ferruginous replacements. One mile north of Mount Lebanon, in a well, 

many Lower Claiborne fossils were collected from a yellowish sand.

lu Moui.it Lebanon Lower Claiborne fossils were found in greenish

clays or in sands thrown out of a well. Sections in these wells and the 

vicinity show that" superficial strata rests directly upon the subjacent 

Eocene.

2. The transition from the Eocene to the superficial deposits can be 

traced. In fig. 2, PI. I, the glauconitic sands pass by oxidation into 

the yellow sands, and the yellow clay passes by oxidation into the red. 

The yellow clay has frequently on its surface blotches of red which 

have been produced by oxidation. The transition from, the Eocene to 

the surface red clays is seen at Arcadia, 6J miles south of Gibbsland, 

on the Louisiana and Northwestern Bailroad, and between 5 and 6 

miles south of Gibbsland, on the same road. -At the latter place in the 

red clay Venericardia planicosta was found, as already noted.

3. Fossils found in the well 1 mile north of Mount Lebanon, embedded 

in indurated glauconitic sand, are so similar in occurrence to those in 

the red sandy clays as to suggest that, were the sands further oxidized 

and the calcareous shells dissolved out, there would result exactly what 

is found in the surface sands.

4. There are in the specimens from the superficial deposits no indications of their having been waterworn. In the type specimen, a cast, 

of Cardium harrisi the angles are very sharp, s'o that if it had been 

transported it must have been embedded in rock. As the specimen is 

large, a powerful current would have been required, and there are no 

indications of such.

For the above reasons the red clays and red sandy clays on the hills 

in the vicinity of Mount Lebanon and Arcadia must be considered as 

oxidized Eocene.

Eocene.fossils as casts in ferruginous sandstone have been found in 

Lincoln, Claiborne, and Bossier parishes, and the beds from which they 

come are undoubtedly Lower Claiborne Eocene.

THE COCKSFIELD FERRY BEDS.

Conformably above the fossiliferous Lower Claiborne at St. Maurice, 

fig. 6, PI. I, are laminated nonfossiliferous clays or laminated sand
22 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BULL.U2.

and clay, dipping slightly south. These beds present different lithological phases, sometimes containing more clay and little or no sand. 

The same beds are well exposed at Cocksfield Ferry, about halfway 

between St. Maurice and Montgomery, fig. 7, PI. I.

At Montgomery, immediately below the Jackson, 1 beds lithologically 

like those found in the upper part of the St. Maurice section and like 

those at Cocksfield Ferry are found. The section at Montgomery is 

represented in fig. 8, PI. I. The dip at Montgomery is somewhat steeper 

than at St. Maurice.

For these beds between St. Maurice and Montgomery, coming between 

the Lower Claiborne and the Jackson, I propose the local name of 

"Cocksiield Ferry beds." In a general way they represent the Claiborne sands of Alabama, but it is not possible to limit precisely the 

Lower Claiborne above or the Jackson below, and one can not state 

exactly how much or what part of these beds represent the Claiborne 

sands. No beds bearing marine fossils and equivalent to the latter 

beds have been found in. Louisiana. 0

THE JACKSON AND V1CKSBURG 2 STAGES.

As pointed out by Dr. Lerch, the Jackson and Vicksburg pass conformably into each other and resemble each other so closely lithologically that they can be distinguished only by paleontologic characters. 

Both stages are largely characterized by Calcareous clays. At the base 

of the Vicksburg are lignitic strata, as can be seen in the section about 

3 miles south of Rosefield, in Catahoula Parish. Dr. Hilgard 3 has noted 

a similar occurrence of lignitic clays and lignite at the base of the 

Vicksburg at Vicksburg and north of Brandon in Mississippi. On 

account of the lithological similarities of these two stages the area 

occupied by them must for the present be treated as a unit. On the 

north the area is limited by the Claiborne series of beds, the known 

Jackson outcrops being at Montgomery on the Bed River, at Tullos and 

2 miles north of Rosefield in Catahoula Parish, at Bunker Hill in Caldwell Parish, and at Grand View on the Ouachita Elver.

Mr. Harris 4 says:

The exact point at which the Jackson stage reaches the Ouachita River is still 

unknown. In 1834 Dr. Harlan described the genus Basilosaurus (Zeuglodon) before 

the American Philosophical Society, giving as" its locality a point on the Ouachita 

River, 50 miles l»y land below Monroe. This means, doubtless, a locality not far 

from Grand View.

Hopkins 5 says that the Jackson reaches the Ouachita River at Grand 

View, and as he makes no reference to Harlan's work, I am certain from 

his statement, which is accompanied by a section, that he had visited

'Dr. Hilgard notes Lignitic bods beneath the Jackson in Mississippi: Agriculture and Geology 

of Mississippi, pp. 108,123,127,128.

'Discussed with the Jackson because of their close lithologic similarity. 

3 Agriculture and Geology of Mississippi, -1860, p. 108. 

4 Report on the Tertiary Geology of Arkansas, p. 182. 

Tirat Report Louisiana Geological Survey for 1869, published 1870, p. 88.
VAUGHAK.] THE TERTIARY. 23

that locality. By the crooked road south from Monroe, Grand View is 

very near the locality referred to by Harlan. I have Jackson fossils, 

submitted to me by the Louisiana geological survey, that came from 

2 miles north of Eosefield, a point about 5 miles southwest of Grand 

View. Hopkins mentions Zeuglodon bones having been found " where 

the Harrisonburg and Columbia road crosses the Catahoula and Caldwell Parish line." l This place corresponds very closely with that whence 

were obtained the Louisiana survey fossils. 

Mr. Harris further states:

Dr. E. W. Hilgard 2 has interpreted Harlan's locality for Zeuglodon remains as 

'' about halfway between Columbia and Monroe." It is very difficult to see how this 

construction can be put on Harlan's statement.

I agree with Mr. Harris, and think Dr. Hilgard made a lapsus pennse.

North of the line indicated by the above localities for Jackson fossils 

none ha.ve so far been reported by competent paleontologists.

West of the Eed Eiver so far no Jackson fossils have been authoritatively reported.3 When at Provencal in November, 1894,1 drove 8 

miles south of that place searching for Jackson outcrops. In the banks 

of Santa Barba Creek (called by the inhabitants Sandy Burg) a greenish blue clay containing calcareous nodules resembling considerably in 

lithologic appearance the Jackson at Montgomery was seen. The river 

has a wide valley opposite Montgomery; so Dr. Lerch had no chance to 

find Jackson fossils while making his section along the Texas and 

Pacific'Eailway from. Alexandria to Mansfield. Along the ClaiborneJackson contact the Sparta sands obscure the older geology.

One point on the northern boundary needs a little further discussion. 

At Georgetown, in the valley of Little Eiver, Lower Claiborne fossils 

were obtained from a well. Jackson fossils, Zeuglodon, were found in 

a railroad cutting at Tiillos, a few miles east of Little Eiver. The 

probable explanation is, that .the stream has eroded away the Jackson 

and has thus brought.the Lower Claiborne near to the surface.

The southern boundary of the Jacksou-Vicksburg has been very well 

traced by Hopkins from the Ouachita to the Eed Eiver. It runs from 

a point 3 miles south of Eosefield, near Centerville, crosses Little 

'Eiver 5 miles below Georgetown, and reaches the Eed Eiver 5 miles 

north of Colfax.

Fossils of the Vicksburg stage were collected at only one locality by 

the Louisiana geological survey, viz. 3 miles south of Eosefield.

Dr. Hilgard4 mentions Orbitoides, Pecten poulsoni, and Ostrea mcks-

'First Report Louisiana Geological Survey for 1869, published 1870, p. 92.

^Geological Reconnoissanco of Louisiana, 1869, p, 8.

3 At Sabinetown, Tex., on tlio Sabino River, Hilgard, on page 20 of his Supplemental and Final 

Report of a Geological Reconnoissance of Louisiana, mentions having found Jacksou fossils. Mr. E. 

T. Dumblo, in Vol. II, No. 6, of the Journal of Geology, on page 566, referring to the Eocene of Texas, 

writes: "None of the beds of the Eocene having yielded fossils characteristic of horizons higher than 

the Lower Claiborne, the deposits referable to that series are confined to its basal portion." On a 

map of the Eocene of eastern Texas, by W. Kennedy, the beds at Sabinotown are represented as 

marine beds, which are, according to Mr. Durable, Lower Claiborne. -

«Am. Jour. Sci., 2d series, Vol. XLVIII, 18U9, p. 340.
24 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BULL. 142.

burgensis, from the heads of Bear Creek, between Dugdemona Bayou 

and the Eed River. He 1 afterwards refers to this sama locality as "7 

miles (west) from Little River Ferry." Later the same writer mentions 2 Orbitoides, Area mississippiensis, and Pecten poulsoni from Bayou 

Funne Louis.

We possess the following data regarding Yicksburg rocks west of 

Red River. Dr. Hilgard says: 3

At the base of the Grand Gulf rocks we find, on Bayou Taureau, a seam of shell 

limestone with Vicksburg fossils.

He also mentions 4 Area mississippiensis from this locality. 

OLIGOCENE: THE GRAND GULP GROUP.

The Upper Oligocene of Louisiana is represented by the Grand Gulf 

group of Hilgard. These rocks have been described by Hilgard, 

Hopkins, Johnson, and Lerch. They are composed of clays,' sands, 

claystoues, sandstones, and quartzites* So far no fossils, except a few 

plants,5 have been collected and determined from them, but they are 

referred to the Upper Oligocene because they are without doubt the 

same as the Grand Gulf of Mississippi, the age of which has been 

fixed.6

The Northern boundary of the Grand Gulf has already in part been 

outlined in this paper. It runs north from Harrisonburg, flanking 

the bottom of Ouachita River, to a point about 3 miles south of Rosefield. The line from this point to the Red River has already been 

indicated. West of the Red River there are excellent exposures at 

Chopin. Thence the line has been traced to the Sabine River by 

Hopkius. After crossing the Red River, Hopkins says:

Reappearing in the Cloutierville and Kisatchie hills,-it ranges almost due west to 

the " Bad Hill," 7 miles south of Many, in De Soto Parish, and reaches Sabine, near 

the mouth of Bayou Negrut.'

The relation of the Grand Gulf to the Yicksburg is a perplexing 

question, and is one not satisfactorily settled. Pumpelly8 and Dall 

and Stanley-Brown 9 have shown that in Florida the Upper Oligocene 

rests uuconformably on the Yicksburg. We have in Louisiana the 

Yicksburg and the Upper Oligocene, but their relations have not been 

studied. . The topographic features of the Grand Gulf are interesting. The 

northern boundary is, when not covered by the subsequent deposits, a

'Supplemental and Filial Report of a Geological Reconnoissance of Louisiana, p. 33.

JAm. Jour. Sci., 3d series, Vol. XXX, 1885, p. 269.

sAm. Jour. Sci., 2d series, Vol. XLVIII, 1869, p. 339.'

4 Supplemental and Final Report of a Geological Reconnoissance of Louisiana, p. 19.

6Knowlton: Proc.U. S.Nat. Mus., Vol.XI, 1888, pp.89-91.

6Dall and Stanley-Brown: Bull. Geol. Soc. America, Vol. V, 1894, pp. 164, 167; Smith: Am. Jour. 

Sci., 3d series, Vol. XL VII, p. 296, April, 1894; Smith: Chart to Geological Map of Alabama, 1894. Dall: 

Seventeenth Annual Report U. S. Geol. Survey, 1896.

'Hopkins: First Annual Report, Geological Survey of Louisiana for 1869, published 1870, p. 99.

*Am. Jour. Sci., 3d series, Vol. XL VI, p. 445 et seq., 1893.

"Bull. Geol. Soc. America, Vol. V, 1894, p. 162.
VAUGHAN.] THE SPARTA SANDS. 25

rather steep escarpment, facing inland, underneath which the Vicksburg dips.

SPARTA SANDS: AGE UNDETERMINED.' *

Extending across the central portion of Louisiana are deep quartz 

sands, whose northern extent is as follows: They reach to T. 16 K, 

on the Louisiana meridian; the boundary from there passes 2 miles 

south of Gansville, thence northwest to° Sparta. From Sparta the 

boundary runs south to the northwest corner of Natchitoches Parish, 

and thence it is formed by Black Lake Bayou and Black Lake, to the 

mouth of that lake. West of the Eed Eiver the line runs from Victoria 

by Fort Jessup and south to the mouth of Bayou Toreau. 2 Except a 

narrow strip along the Ouachita River, nearly all of the region between 

thefluviatile deposits of the Eed and Ouachita rivers is covered by these 

sands. I have not examined the southern boundary west of the Eed 

Eiver. These sands overlap both the Lower Claiborne and the Grand 

Gulf, extending entirely across the Jackson and Vicksburg.

The material of these deposits is usually almost pure quartz sands, 

sometimes with reddish coloring matter. In Grant Parish there is a 

great deal of quartz gravel. In the southern gravelly portion transported fossils have been found. 3

The topography of this formation is interesting. The rocks are easily 

eroded, and the hills rise very steeply to a height of 75 to 100 feet 

above tbeir bases. They are clothed with a forest of long-leaf pines 

(P. palustris), between which there is no undergrowth, so that when 

one stands on a hilltop his view is obstructed only by the multiplication of trunks in the distance. The whole area is covered with these 

trees, except in a few places where the Lower Claiborne, Jackson, 

or Vicksburg forms small Calcareous prairies, and in the "hollows" 

between the hills. It is a magnificent lumber region.

The sands and gravel of this formation range in thickness from a 

trifling veneer to GO and sometimes to 100 feet. Along the contact 

with the Eocene, as seen near Provencal, there is some clay at the base 

(see fig. 9, PI. 1). These deposits rest with a distinct unconformity 

upon the older rocks.

For these sands and gravel the name "Sparta sands" is proposed, 

because they are well developed near Sparta, in Bienville Parish.

The gravels between Daucheat and Blade Lake bayous and west of 

Black Lake Bayou. Occupying the divide between Daucheat and Black 

Lake bayous, and forming the banks of Daucheat in many places, are 

gravel deposits to which several writers have made reference. They

'These samls and gravels have been called drift by Hopkins and Lerch. In order not to venture 

an opinion as to tbeir age, and not to attempt a, correlation of all the superficial upland sands and 

gravels of northwestern Louisiana, I have proposed a local name, and desire to include under it deposits of whoso homogeny and contemporaneity there can be no reasonable doubt.

"See Lockett's Topographical Map of Louisiana, 1882. I have seen this line all throngh the territory except along Black Lake Bayou and Black Lake, and from Victoria to the Sabine River.

3 Lerch: Preliminary Report upon the Hills of Louisiana, Part II, 1893, p. 104.
26 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BULL. 142.

are also found west of the Black Lake Bayou at Taylor on the Yicksburg, Shreveport and Pacific Eailroad. They can be traced south, and, 

from what I have seen in southern Bienville Parish, I am inclined to 

think that they pass into the Sparta sands. Dr. Otto Lerch 1 has 

described a similar gravel deposit accompanying the Ouachita Eiver.

Sands at Mansfield. Overlying the Eocene at Mansfield are white 

sands 2 with small bits of white clay intermingled. Near Burk Place 

in Bienville Parish I have seen angular bits of white clay in the 

lower part of a section of the Sparta sands. I do not attempt to correlate the sands at Mansfield, but call attention to this similarity to 

the Sparta sands.

PLEISTOCENE AND RECENT. 

THE SECOND BOTTOMS AND ALLUVIAL VALLEYS.

Lower topographically than the Sparta sands, accompanying the 

larger streams, are broad flats which occupy an elevation considerably 

higher than-the present alluvial valleys. These flats are especially 

noticeable along the Eed and Ouachita rivers. They have been well 

described by Dr. Lerch.

Later than the second bottoms and occupying a lower topographic 

level are the present alluvial valleys.

THE GEOLOGIC SECTION OF NORTHWESTERN LOUISIANA.

The following is the section presented by northwestern Louisiana, as 

I have made it out:

Recent ........................................ Alluvium.

Pleistocene .................................... Second bottoms.

Age undetermined ............................. Sparta sands.

r 01igocene \ Upper Olig°cene ------Grand Gulf group.

I ( Lower Oligocene...... Vicksburg stage.

Tertiary. < f Jackson stage.

I Eocene...........................] Cocksfield Ferry beds.

j Lower Claiborne stage. 

[Lignitic stage. 

Cretaceous..................................... Glauconitic division.

I have not given estimates of the thickness of the Eocene, because 

the dip is too slight and variable to furnish reliable data, and no records of borings are available. '

SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS.

1. The Cretaceous of Louisiana belongs to the Glauconitic division, 

and it seems probable that its deposition was followed by an erosion 

period.

'A preliminary report upon the bills of Louisiana, Parti, 1892, p. 25; Part II, 1893, p. 103. 

2 McGee, in his map of the United States published in Johnson's Cyclopaedia, represents these 

sands as Neocene.
VAUGHA*.] PLEISTOCENE AND RECENT. 27

2. (a) In Louisiana we find strata probably representing the Lignitic 

of Alabama in the extreme northwestern corner and at Shreveport. 

(&) The Claiborne of Louisiana, bearing marine fossils, represents the 

Lower Claiborne stage of Alabama, and it occupies an area more 

extensive than has hitherto been recognized. In the southern part 

of the area the beds are much more calcareous than in the northern 

and northwestern part. The Calcareous strata are probably stratigraphically above the more glauconitic beds to the north and northwest, (c) The Mansfield group of Hilgard. (d) Dr. Lerch's "Arcadia 

clays." (e) The small prairies or meadows in southern JBienville, northern Winn, and Natchitoches parishes. Subdivisions c, d, and e are 

Lower Claiborue in age. (/) The Upper Lignitic of Dr. Lerch represents beds belonging to two or more different horizons, (g) The 

red clays and red sandy clays in the vicinity of Mount Lebanon and 

Arcadia are Lower Claiborne in age.

3. Intervening between the Lower Claiborue and Jackson are ligilitiferous sands and clays, here called the Cocksfield Ferry beds, which 

in a general way represent the Claiborne sands of Alabama.

4. The Jackson and Vicksburg stages form a strip of territory 

between the Red and Ouachita rivers. They resemble each other in 

lithologic characters so closely that they can be distinguished only by 

their fossils. Apparently coming between the two stages is a lignitic 

bed such as is found in Mississippi. West of the Red River Jackson 

fossils have not been authoritatively reported.

5. The Grand Gulf of Louisiana is Upper Oligoceue. Its relations 

to the Vicksburg are not known.

6. Covering the southern part of the Lower Claiborue area and all 

of the Jackson and Vicksburg, excepting small spots, and extending 

over the Grand Gulf are deep quartz sands, sometimes with gravel, 

which bear a growth of long-leaf pine. These sands rest unconformably on the lower terranes. The name "Sparta sands" is proposed for 

them.

7. Accompanying the larger streams, occupying lower levels than the 

Sparta sands, are wide second bottoms. Topographically still lower 

are the present alluvial valleys.

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF PAPERS DEALING WITH 

THE EOCENE PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA.

ALDRICH, TRUMAN H. Preliminary report on the Tertiary fossils of 

Alabama and Mississippi.

Bull. No. 1, Ala. Geol. Survey, p. 35, pi. 3, fig. 1, 1886.

Describes Haminea grandis from Bunker Hill, La., and refers it to the Jacksou 

group.

CONRAD, TIMOTHY ABBOTT. Observations on the Tertiary and more

recent formations of a portion of the Southern States. 

Jour. Acad. Nat. ScL, Phila., Vol. VII, p. 116, 1834.
28 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BOLL.142. 

CONRAD, TIMOTHY ABBOTT Continued.

Makes allusion to "some large Saurian vertebrae" and Corbula oniscus from near 

Monroe. Erroneously speaks of Ammonites being found in the same vicinity. From the presence of Corbitla oniscus Conrad correctly inferred the 

existence of Eocene strata in Louisiana. This constitutes the earliest 

recognition of that fact.

 . Fossil shells of the Tertiary formations of North America.

Reprint Part 3, 1835.

On page 35 allusion is made to the occurrence of Basilosaurus (Harlan) near Monroe. Conrad evidently at that time considered the fossil Cretaceous.

 . Lower Tertiary fossils.

Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila:, p. 33, 1841.

Describes Cardium nicolettl from " Washita River, Monroe County," La.

BALL, WILLIAM PI. Contributions to the Tertiary fauna of Florida.

Trans. Wagner Free Inst. Sci. Phila., 1890-1892. 

Refers to species of Eocene mollusks from Louisiana.

HARLAN, Dr. RICHARD. Notice of fossil bones found in the Tertiary 

formation of Louisiana.

Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., Vol. IV, p. 397 et seq., 1834. 

Announces the discovery of Basilosaurus near Monroe.

 . A notice on the discovery of the Basilosaurus and Batrachiosaurus.

Proc. Geol. Soc. Lond., Vol. Ill, pp. 23-24, 1839.

 . A letter from Dr. Harlan, addressed to the president, on the

discovery of the remains of the Basilosaurus or Zeuglodon. 

Read January 9, 1839, Trans. Geol. Soc. Lond., Vol. VI,- pp. 67-68,1842.

HARRIS, GILBERT D. The Tertiary geology of southern Arkansas.

Ark. Geol. Survey, Ann. Rpt. 1892, Vol. II, published 1894.

On pages 177-183 much palepntologic and some stratigraphic data concerning 

Louisiana are given.

 . Tertiary paleontology of Texas,

Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., pp. 45-88, April, 1895. 

Allusion is made to a good many fossils from Louisiana.

HEILPRIN, ANGELO. The Tertiary geology of the Eastern and Southern United States.

Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., Vol. IX, pp. 150-151,1884.

Refers to some Vicksburg and Jackson fossils, his remarks being based upon the 

work of Hopkins and Hilgard.

HILGARD, E. W. Preliminary report of a geological reconnoissance of 

Louisiana.

Extracted from September number of De Bow's New Orleans Review, p. 8, 1869.

States that Dr. Harlan found the Zeuglodon about halfway between Columbia 

and Monroe. Hilgard is almost certainly mistaken in regarding this place 

as the locality whence Harlan obtained the Zeuglodon.

 \. Summary of results of a late geological reconnoissance of

Louisiana. 

Am. Jour. Arts and Sci., Vol. XLVIII, November, pp. 340, 1869.
BIBLIOGRAPHY- 29 

EILGARD, E. W. Continued.

Mentions besides Zenglodon several species from the .Vicksburg group, to wit: 

Orbitoides, Pecten poulsoni, and Ostrea vicksburgensis. Hilgard says: "In 

fact, the only locality in Louisiana known to me as distinctly of Jackson 

age is that already mentioned as the source of the Zeuglodon bones, 

described by Dr. Harlan, about halfway between Columbia and Mouroe, 

on the Washita." Harlan almost certainly did not mean this locality.

 . Supplementary and final report of a geological reconuoissance 

of the State of Louisiana.

Made in 1869. (1873.)

On page 29 Eostelluria velata is mentioned from Sabinetown, Tex. From this fossil and subsequent collections Hilgard referred these beds to the Jackson 

group. On page 33 he mentions that about 7 miles west from Little River 

Ferry we find outcrops of whitish, heavy, concretionary clay marl, with 

Orbitoides mantelli, Pecten poulsoni, and Ostrea vicksburyensis. 

 . Old Tertiary of the Southwest.

Am. Jour. Arts and Sci., Vol. XXX (new series), p. 269,1885.

Refers to Orbitoides, Area missiasippiensis, and Pecten poulsoni, from Bayou Funne 

Louis.

HOPKINS, Dr. F. V. First annual report of the geological survey of 

Louisiana.

In La. State Univ. report for 1869,1870.

A good many names of species of fossils of undoubted Jackson age are given. 

The Zeuglodon is mentioned from Grand View (on the Ouachita River), 

Montgomery (on the Red River), and at a point where the Harrisonburg 

and Columbia roads cross the Catahoula and Caldwell parish line. On page 

47 a list of fossils from Montgomery is given. On page 51 some Vicksburg 

species are listed.

 . Second annual report of the geological survey of Louisiana.

In La. State Univ. report for 1870,1871.

On page 11 is found a "List of fossils found in Jackson strata of Louisiana 

(determined by Prof. E. W. Hilgard, of Mississippi University)." On 

page 17 is found a list of "Fossils of the Vicksburg group in Louisiana 

(determined by Dr. E. W. Hilgard)." In neither of these lists are localities for the species given.

JOHNSON, LAWRENCE C. Eeport on the iron regions of northern 

Louisiana and eastern Texas.

50th Congress, 1st session, House of Representatives, .Ex. Doc. No. 195, p. 20., 1888. 

Notes the occurrence in Louisiana of fossils comparable to those of the Middle and 

Lower Claiborne of Alabama.

LERCH, OTTO. A preliminary report upon the hills of Louisiana, 

Part I, north of the Vicksburg, Shreveport and Pacific Bailroad.

Bull, of La. State Exper. Stations, 1892.

On page 28 gives a list of a few species from near Mount Lebanon, and refers them 

to the Claiborne.

The same, Part II, south of the Vicksburg, Shreveport and Pacific Railroad, 1893.

On page 89 he mentions finding Zeuglodon near Tullos Station,"in Catahoula 

Parish.
30 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BULL. 142.

MORTON, Dr. S. G. Synopsis of the organic remains of the Cretaceous

group of the United States. 

Philadelphia, 1834.

On page 24, Morton erroneously speaks of Cretaceous ("ferruginous sands") strata 

between Alexandria and Natchitoches, and relates that Judge Bry " has 

also noticed near the township of Washita, on the Waahita Kiver, where 

it is recognized as Belemnites, Ammonites, and Gryphaea."

OWEN, Prof. BICHARD. Observations on the teeth of the Zeuglodon, 

Basilosaurus of Dr. Harlan.

Proc. Geol. Soc. Lond., Vol. Ill, 1839, pp. 24 et seq. 

Discusses the systematic position of Zeuglodon.

 . Observations on the Basilosaurus of Dr. Harlan (Zeuglodon 

eetoides, Owen).

Read January 9, 1839.

Trans. Geol. Soc. Lond., Vol. VI, pp. 69-79, 1842.

 . Observations on certain fossil bones from the collection of the 

 Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., Vol. I (2d series), p. 18 et seq, 1847.

VAUGHAN, T. WAYLAND. Notes on a collection of mollusks from 

northwestern Louisiana and Harrison County, Texas.

Am. Naturalist, November, 1893.

On page 946 mentions Ostrea sellaiformis from the northern part of Natchitoches 

Parish,' and refers the strata there exposed to the Claiborne group.

 . Stratigraphy of northwestern Louisiana.

Am. Geologist, Vol. XV, pp. 205-229, April, 1895.

In this paper several lists of species of fossils from Louisiana are published.

LOCALITIES FROM WHICH FOSSILS ABE LISTED IN THIS

PAPER.

After each of the Lower Claiborne species a list of the localities at 

which it is found is given, but the descriptions of the localities are 

abbreviated. Therefore the exact geographic position of each locality 

is given here.

The numbers are the*station numbers in the record book of the 

United States National Museum.

LOWER CLAIBORNE LOCALITIES. 

BOSSIER PARISH.

2041. Near Redland, SW. i of SW. i of sec. 20, T. 23, R. 12 W.

2042. L. P. Saunders's place on sec. 18, T. 22, R. 12 W.; L. C. Johnson collector. 

2416. Near Redland, SE. i sec. 19, T. 23, R. 12 W.; G. D. Harris collector.

WEBSTER PARISH.

2001. On Mount Lebanon road 2 miles east-southeast of Miuden, SE. J of SE. £ of

sec. 26, T. 19, R. 9 W.; L. C. Johnson collector. 

NE. i sec. 7, T. 17 N., R. 9 W.; Otto Lerch collector.

1 Exact locality sec. 32, T. 14, K. 7 W.,in Bienville Parish, almost at the Natchitochea line.
TAUOHAN.] LOCALITIES FOR FOSSILS. 31

CLAIBORNE PARISH.

Near Homer; exact locality not given; Otto Lerch collector. 

2040. NE. i of sec. 10, T. 19, R. 6 W. 

2043. Near Pittmans Mill, sec. 16, T. 19, R. 7 W. 

2038. Pittmans Mill, SW. $ of SE. i sec. 19, T. 19, R. 7 W.; L. C. Johnson collector.

LINCOLN PARISH.

2008. Exact locality (?) L. C. Johnson collector.

BIENVILLE PARISH.

The largest single collection was that made by myself during a residence of 

several years at Mount Lebanon. There are several wells in the vicinity 

of the town, in the dumps from which I obtained many fossils. One 

known as Tooke's well is situated in the eastern outskirts of the town; 

another, known aa Roland's well, is 1 mile north, on the road to Gibbsland. 

Casts of fossils are found in the brownish ferruginous sandstone which 

abounds in that neighborhood. The best collecting grouud is on Hatnmetts Branch, SW. i sec. 30, T. 18 N., R. 6 W., about 2 miles northeast of 

Mount Lebanon. The fauna found in these localities is identical. At 

first I kept all of the specimens carefully separated under their respective 

locality labels, but later I placed nearly all of them under the general 

label Mount Lebanon. All of the species from the vicinity of Mount 

Lebanon, except two or three, were collected at Hammetts Branch.

I also made a collection on sec. 32, T. 14, R. 7 W., in the southern part of the 

parish.

Mr. L. C. Johnson collected from the following localities:

2033. Holstun's well, 5 miles southeast of Gibbsland.

2034. Holstun's place, sec. 17, T. 18, R. 5 W.

2035. Hammetts Branch, sec. 30, T. 18, R. 6 W.

2036. Well, sec. 6, T. 16, R. 5 W.

2037. Well at Ray burn's place, sec. 29, T. 17, R. 5 W.

2045. Well No. 1, sec. 17, T. 18, R. 6 W.

2046. Well No. 2, sec. 17, T. 18, R. 6 W.

2047. Well No. 3, sec. 16, T. 17, l R. 6 W.

NATCKITOCHKS PARISH.

2006. Natchitoches; L. C. Johnson, collector. 

Natchitoches; strata 1 and 2.'2

One-half mile northwest of Provencal, on Texas and Pacific Railway. 

Victoria; T. W. Vaughan collector. 

I collected a good many poor fossils, mostly casts in argillaceous limestone,

in the vicinity of Provencal, that are not listed^

Two miles east of Provencal, sec. 26, T. 8 N., R. 8 W.; Lerch and Vaughan 

collectors.

WINN PARISH.

Couley, sec. 10, T. 10, R. 5 W.

Ten miles northwest of Winnfield; Lerch and Vaughan, collectors. 

St. Maurice, at the mouth of Sabine Bayou; T. W. Vaughau, collector. 

2005. St. Maurice; Dr. D. S. Waddell, collector.

1 This probably should be T. 18.

3 Am. Geol., Vol. XV, PI. IX, fig. 5, p. 229, April, 1895.
32 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [TOW, U2.

JACKSON PARISH.

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernon.

Fourteen miles east of Liberty Hill, on same road; Lerch and Vaughan, collectors.

GRANT PARISH.

Georgetown; Lerch and Vaugban, collectors.

JACKSON LOCALITIES. 

GRANT PARISH.

2003. Montgomery; L. C. Johnson, collector. 

Montgomery; T. W. Vaughan, collector.

CATAHOULA PARISH.

Tullos-Zeuglodon bones; Lerch and Vaughan, collectors.

Two miles north of Eosefleld; presented to the Louisiana Geological Survey.

DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES.

PLEUROTOMA LERCHI, sp. nov. 

PI. II, fig. 1.

Form and size indicated by figure. Whorls, 9; 1 and 2 smooth, 

3 aiid 4 costate; remaining whorls devoid of costse or longitudinal 

folds. Suture in a depression bordered above and below by a prominent elevated revolving line. .The whorls of the spire are concave; 

the concavity is bordered above and below by a strong revolving line; 

the upper of these lines is just below the suture, while the lower is just 

above it. In the medial portion of this depressed region is a beaded 

revolving line, and sometimes several faint plain revolving lines. The 

beaded line corresponds in position to the retral sinus. On the body 

whorl the lower of.the above-described prominent revolving lines forms 

a slight carina. Immediately below this carina is a space, in which 

is a very fine line, bordered below by a rather prominent line. The 

position of the suture corresponds to this prominent line. Anterior to 

this line are fine but distinct revolving striae, usually alternating in 

size. Lines of growth indistinct.

Localities. Hammetts Branch, near Mount Lebanon (type,Yaughan); 

St. Maurice (Vaughan).

Geological horizon. 1/ower Claiborne.

Type in United States National Museum.

PLEUROTOMA SANCTI-MAURITII, sp. nov. 

PI. II, fig. 2.

Form and size indicated by figure. Whorls, 11; 1-3 smooth; 4 

minutely costate; 5-9 have about 17 rather faint longitudinal folds 

below the sinus; 10-11, devoid of longitudinal folds, maybe subcarinate. Coarse spiral lines may be distinguished on all of the whorls
DESCRIPTIONS OF FOSSILS. 33

9

except the embryonic. Lines finer in region of sinus. Below humeral 

angle revolving striae alternating in prominence and grouped in systems of five, two coarser on the outside, between which is a median 

finer one; between the median and each outer stria is another still 

finer. Lines of growth distinct. Sinus moderately deep, situated in 

the space between humeral angle and suture. Eegiou of sinus slightly 

concave.

Locality. St. Maurice (Vaughan, types); 10 miles northwest of Winnfield (Lerch and Yaughaii).

Geological occurrence. Lower Claiborne.

Types in United States National Museum.

PLEUROTOMA LUDOVICIANA, sp. nov. 

PI. II, fig. 3.

Size and form indicated by figure. Unfortunately the apex of the 

specimen is broken off. The figure shows the number of whorls in 

type. Whorls slightly concave between suture and the shoulder. 

Suture margined above by a row of nodules, which projects outward 

beyond the suture. Surface marked by minute revolving striae. Eetral 

sinus situated on the humeral angle, and corresponds in position to 

the nodules that margin the suturp superiorly.

Locality. Hammetts Branch, near Mount Lebanon (Vaughan).

Geological horizon. Lower Claiborne.

Type in United States National Museum.

PLEUROTOMA SHALERI, sp. no.v. 

PI. II, fig. 4.

Size and form indicated by figure. Whorls, C+. The embryonic 

whorls are broken off the type. On each of the post-embryonic whorls 

above the body whorl there are seven gentle longitudinal folds, which 

decrease in prominence with the increasing age of the shell. On the 

body whorl the folds have vanished. Suture appressed. Surface 

coarsely striate spirally. Below the suture is a space, on the body^whorl 

1 mm. wide, in which there is a single elevated revolving line. Between 

this space to the suture below there are five coarse striae; just above 

the uppermost of these there is a smaller stria. The lowest of the 

above mentioned striae borders the suture superiorly. On the back of 

the rostrum the striae are finer, crowded, and Avavy. Lines of growth 

rather distinct. Eetral sinus situated medially in the whorls of the 

spire.

This species apparently is most nearly related to Pleurotoma vaugliani 

Harris, but is smaller and more robust, and the longitudinal folds are 

obsolete in the body Avhorl.

Locality. Ten miles west of Liberty Hill, on the road to Veruon 

(Lerch and Vaughan). 

Bull. 142 3
34 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BULL. 142.

Geological horizon. :Lower Claiborne.

Type in the collection of the Louisiana geological survey.

PLEUROTOMA STANTONI, sp. nov. 

PI. II, fig. 5.

Form and size indicated by figures.*- Whorls, 9£; 1 and 2 smooth 

(embryonic), 3-9£ costate. On whorl 3 there are nine costae; the body 

whorl has eleven. The last two whorls are distinctly carinated. The 

area between the carina and the suture is concave, and in it the longitudinal folds are almost obsolete. Surface ornamented with minute 

crowded spiral striae, which below the carina are wavy and frequently 

not continuous. Canal slightly curved.

This species is closely related to Pleurotoma huppertzi var. penrosei 

Harris, but it is smaller, the last two whorls are more strongly carinated, 

the costse are more numerous, the length of the aperture relative to the 

spire shorter, and°the canal is curved.

Locality. St. Maurice (Yaughan).

Geological horizon. Lower Claiborne.

Type in the United States National Museum.

JBORSONIA LUDOVICIANA, Sp. UOV.

PI. II, figs. 6, 6a.

For size and form consult figures. The specimen represented in fig. 

6. PI. II, has 11 whorls; 1 and 2 are smooth; the remaining are crossed 

by longitudinal folds which are most prominent submedially and tend 

to vanish in the sutural region. Suture margined inferiorly by a strong 

elevated revolving line; surface ornamented by prominent spiral lines, 

which alternate in size on the older whorl (9-11). Whorl 3 has about 

nine small costae; whorl 4, eight costae; 7-11 have six each. Fig. 6a, 

PI. II, represents the last whorl of an older specimen, showing that 

this whorl becomes carinate. In the region of the retral sinus the 

revolving lines are not so prominent. The columella possesses two 

strong folds, the upper being the most prominent. On the old specimen, «nly the last whorl of which is drawn, there is a rudimentary third 

fold.

This species is closely related to B. Mconica, Whitfield. It is larger 

and the spiral sculpture much coarser.

Locality. Montgomery (Yaughan).

Geological horizon. Jackson.

Type in United States National Museum.

YASUM HUMEROSXJM. 

PI. II, figs. 7, 8.

Size and form indicated by figures. The specimen upon which this 

species is founded is not very good. Whorls shouldered, about six, 

each having eight sharp, short, thick, pointed humeral spines; surface
DESCRIPTIONS OF FOSSILS. 35

marked by distinct coarse elevated revolving lines; there are several 

between the shoulder and suture, one on the shoulder and five below 

it. About two-thirds the distance from the shoulder to the anterior 

extremity there is a spiral row of spines; one spine for each humeral 

spine. Anterior to these spines there is a prominent subspinous revolving elevation. Shell umbilicated. On the colurnella there are three 

revolving folds, the uppermost the most prominent.

Locality. Montgomery (Vaughan).

Geological horizon. Jackson.

Type in United States National Museum.

FUSUS MONTGOMEBIENSIS, sp. nOVPI. Ill, fig. 2.

For size and form see figure. Whorls, 10; 1-3 smooth; 4 costate, 

with obscure revolving lines; 4-7 costate, 13 costae, four prominent 

revolving lines, one on the median portion of the whorls, two between 

this median line and the suture (above), and one below it. The median 

line and the one below it are about equal in prominence. On 7, finer 

intermediate lines between the coarser. On whorls 8,9, and 10 the line 

on the median portion becomes more prominent, forming a carina. The 

other revolving lines coarse, alternate in size. Outer lip striate within; 

columella covered with a deposit of callus, which has striations corresponding to the more prominent revolving striae-of the part of the 

shell over which it is laid down. There are a few granulations (five 

can be seen in the type specimen) on the columella callus at the posterior end of the canal. 

1 Locality, Montgomery (Vaughan).

Geological horizon. Jackson.

Type in United States National Museum.

CONOMITRA POLITA, Sp. nov.

PI. Ill, fig. 1.

Form and size indicated by figure. Whorls, C; surface smooth, polished, without longitudinal folds or costse. Suture slightly impressed; 

a short distance anterior to it (on body whorl about .5 mm.) is an 

impressed revolving line. Between this line and the suture below are 

a few very faint impressed revolving Hues. On the body whorl anterior to the line upon which the suture will be located are about 17 distinct impressed revolving lines. Lines of growth indistinct. Inner lip 

incurved from the posterior termination of the aperture. Columella 

straight, with four folds; the anterior is much smaller than the others? 

which are of about the same size.

This species differs from C.fusoides, Lea, to which it is closely related, 

by the incurving of the inner lip and the entire absence of longitudinal
36 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BULL. 142.

folds (costae). The inner lip and columella ofC.fusoides is straight, 

and although there are smooth varieties of the species, obscure longitudinal folds are nearly always present.

Locality. Georgetown (Lerch and Vaughan).

Geological horizon. Lower Claiborne.

Types in collection of the Louisiana geological survey.

PHOS JOHNSONi,.sp. nov. 

PL III, fig. 3.

Form and size indicated by the figure. The embryonic whorls' are 

so worn that they can not be described. Whorls, about 8; excepting 

the embryonic, they are regularly and rather coarsely cancellate. On 

the short beak the revolving lines are alternated in size.

Locality. Montgomery, La. (Yaughan).

Geological horizon. Jackson.

Type in United States National Museum.

Niso, sp. 

PL III, figs. 7, 7a.

The specimens figured are much larger than N. umlilicata, Lea, and 

probably should be considered another species, but as I have no perfect 

specimens, no name is proposed for it.

Locality. St. Maurice (Vaughan).

Geological horizon. Lower Claiborne. 

Specimens figured in United States National Museum.

MESALIA PLEBOIDES, sp. nov. 

PL III, figs. 4, 5, 6.

Size and form indicated by figures. Whorls convex, with a deeply 

impressed suture, 1-5 smooth. Surface* of remaining whorls covered 

with many revolving, rather coarse, striae, finer ones often being between the coarser. On the median portion of the fifth to the ninth 

whorls two of the revolving lines are stronger than the others, giving 

these whorls a subcarinate appearance. The lower of these striae may 

be decidedly more prominent, thus producing a rather decided carination.

This species bears considerable resemblance to the Miocene Turritella 

pleleia, but is smaller, and has not such coarse striae. The older whorls 

of the Miocene species in the old forms show indications of loose coiling. 

I have not seen such in T. pleboides. .

Localities. Hammetts Branch, near Mount Lebanon (types Vaughan) 

wells, sec. 17, T. 18, E. G W.; Eolstun's place, sec. 17, T. 18, E. 6 W.; 

and Holstun's well; all in Bienville Parish (L. C. Johnson).

Geological horizon. Lower Claiborne.

Types in United States National Museum.
VAUGHAN.] DESCRIPTIONS OF FOSSILS. 37

ARCA RHOMBOIDELLA, Lea, var. 

PI. in, fig: 8.

At Couley and St. Maurice a peculiar robust variety of this species 

is found, which I thought worth figuring1 . This varietal form is shorter 

and its base more arcuate than is typical for the species. 

. Geological horizon. Lower Claiborne.

Figured specimen in collection of the Louisiana Geological Survey.

CARDIUM HARRISI, sp. nov. 

PI. IV, figs. 1, 2.

Shell large, ventricose umbones very prominent, incurved, situated 

about halfway between the anterior and posterior terminations of the

shell. Anterior portion somewhat rostrate; anterior margin gradually 

rounded. Base gently curved. The posterior margin almost straight, 

rounding to meet the basal margin. Nineteen broad ribs anterior to 

the urnbonal slope. Posterior to the umbonal slope the ribs do not 

show on the cast. Length, 74 mm.; height (from basal margin to the 

highest point of uinbonal prominence), 70 mm.; diameter, 50 mm. 

^ The figure and description are made from an excellent internal cast.

Localities. Mount Lebanon (Lerch), from near Homer, exact locality 

not known (Lerch); L. P. Saunders's place, sec. 18, T. 22, E. 12 W. (L. C. 

Johnson); near Eedland, SE. £ sec. 19, T. 23, E. 32 W. (G-. D. Harris); 

also found at Walnut Bluff', Ouachita County, Ark.1

Geological horizon. Lower Claiborne. 

' Type in collection of the Louisiana geological survey.

LIST OF FOSSILS.

LOWER CLAIBORNE SPECIES.

VERTEBRATA.

SHARK'S TEETH.

Galeocerdo sp.

Hammetts Branch, near Mount Lebanon (V.). s

Lamna sp. 

St. Maurice and stratum 2, Natchitoches (V.).

1 Cardiiim sp., G. D. Harris, " Tertiary geology of southern Arkansas," Annual Report Arkansas 

Geological Survey for 1892, Vol. II, p. 142, published 1894. Professor Harris informs mo in a private 

letter that the specimen listed by him as Cardium sp. is toy O. harrisi. He states also that the ribs 

Lave broad spines about one-half^inch apart on them.

: In giving the names of tho collectors of the species after the localities the following abbreviations 

are nsed: L. C. J. = L. C. Johnson; V.= T. W. Vaughau; L. C. J. and V.=L. C.Johnson and T. W. 

Vaughan (independently); L. and V.=Dr. Otto Lerch and T. W. Vaughan (jointly).
38 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [Brat. 142.

"INVERTEBRATi.

MQW.USCA. 

: GASTEROPODA.

Bullinella galba Con. 

Hammetts Branch (V.). 

Holstun's well (L. C. J.). 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.). 

Ten miles northwest of Winnneld (L. and V.).

Ringicula biplicata Lea. 

Hammetts Branch (V.). 

St. Maurice (V.). 

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernon :(L. and V.).

Terebra houstonia Harris. 

Mount Lebanon (V.). 

St. Maurice (V.). 

Pittmans Mill (L. C. J.).

Near Pittmans,Mill, sec. 16, T. 19, R. 7 W., Claiborne Parish (L. C. J.). 

Two miles east by southeast of Minden (L. C. J.).

Terebra texayyra Harris. 

Near Mount Lebanon .(V.). 

St. Maurice (V.). 

Ray burn's well (L. C. J.).

Conus sauridena Con. 

Mount Lebanon (V.). 

St. Maurice (Wacldell and V.)- 

Well at Moreland's place, sec. 16, T. 17, R.'6 W. (L. C. J.).

Pleurotoma texana Gabb. 

Mount Lebanon (V.). 

St. Maurice (V.). 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.).

Pleurotoma shaleri.sip. -nov. 

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernou (L. and V.).

Pleurotoma sancti-mauritii sp. nov. 

St. Maurice (.V). 

Ten miles northwest of Winnfield (L. and V.).

Pleurotoma moorei Gabb. 

St. Maurice (V.). 

Holstun's place (Miss Dora Holstun).

Pleurotoma gabbii Conrad. 

NE. I sec. 7, T. 17 N., R. 9 W., Webster Parish (Lerch).

Pleurotoma retifera Gabb. 

Hammetts Branch .(V.). 

St. Maurice (V.). 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.).

Pleurotoma lerchi sp. nov. 

Hammetts Branch (V..). 

St. Maurice (V.).
VAU.OHAN.] LIST OF FOSSILS. 39

Pleurotoma nodocarinata Gabb. 

Hammetts Branch (V.). 

St. Maurice (V.). 

Pittmans Mill (L. C. J.). 

Two miles east by southeast of Minden (L. C. J.).

Eayburn's well (L. C. J.)-

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernon (L. and V.).

Two miles east of Provencal (L. and V.)

Pleurotoma childreni Lea. 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.). 

St. Maurice (V.). 

Two miles east of Provencal (L. and V.).

Pleurotoma childreni var. bitota Harris. 

St. Maurice (V.). 

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernon (L. & V.). (

Pleurotoma near childreni Lea. 

Mount Lebanon (V.).

Pleurotoma ludoviciana sp. nov. 

Hammetts Branch (V.). .

Pleurotoma terebriformie Mr. 

Hammetts Branch (V.). 

St. Maurice^V.).

Pleurotoma texacona Harris. 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.).

Pleurotoma Tcellogi Gabb.

Hamnietts Branch (V.)- 

Rayburn's well .(L. C. J.).

Pleurotoma of. P. huppertzi Harris's var. penr.osei Harris.

The sculpture of the Hammetts Branch specimens is not so coarse as that represented in the figure given by Harris; otherwise I could discover no difference. 

Hammett's Branch (V.). 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.).

Pleurotoma insignifica Heilprin. ^ 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.). 

Two miles east of Provencal (L. and V.).

Pleurotoma stantoni sp. nov. 

St. Maurice (V.);

Borsonia Hconica Whitfield.

Hammetts Branch (L. C. J. and V.).

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.).

St. Maurice (V.).

Two miles east of Provencal (L. and V.)-

 Concellaria lastropensis Harris. 

Mount Lebanon (V.).
40 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BULL. 142.

Olivella sp.

A small species, apparently undescribed. 

Near Mount Lebanon (V.). 

St. Maurice (V.). 

rittmans Mill (L. C. J.). 

. Ilnlstun's well (L. C. J.). 

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernon (L. and V.)«

Ancilla staminea Conrad. 

Hammetts Branch (V.). 

St. Maurice (V.).

Sec. 11, T. 18, E. G W., Bienville Parish (L. C. J.). 

Holstun's well (L. C. J.).

Holstun's place, sec. 17, T. 18, E. 5 W. (L. C. J.). 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.).

Ancilla ancillops Heilprin. 

NE. I sec. 7, T. 17, E. 9 W., Webster Parish (Lerch).

Monoptygma crassiplica Con. 

Mount Lebanon (V.).

Sec. 17, T. 18, E. 6 W., Bienville Parish (L. C. J.). 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.).

Marginella larvata Con.

Hammetts Branch (V.). . ^ 

Holstuns well (L. C. J.). 

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernon (L. and V.^.

Marginella constrictoides Mr. and Aid.

Hammetts Branch (V.). 

Holstun's well (L. C. J.), 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.).

Volutilithea petrosus Con.

Hammetts Branch (L. C. J. and V.).

Wells on sec. 17, T. 18, E. 6 W., Bienville Parish (L. C. J.).

Holstun's well (L.C.J.). 

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill (L. and V.).

Fourteen miles east of Liberty Hill (L. and V.).

Ten mik-s northwest of Winnfield (L. and V.).

Georgetown (L. and V.).

St. Maurice (V.).

Voltitilithes sayanus Conrad, var. ?

Humeral spines larger than usual iu the species; possesses the usual coarse, 

revolving striae; may be only a variety of V. petrosus, 

St. Maurice (V.).

Valuta f sp.

Dall, Trans. Wagner Inst., Vol. Ill, p. 77, pi. 6, fig. 5a, Aug., 1890.

This species had not been-named. 

Pittrnans Mill (L. C. J.).

Levifusua Irabeatoidea Harris. 

Eayburn's well (L. C. J.).
VAUGHAN.] LIST OF FOSSILS. 41

Caricella demised Con. var. texana Gabb. 

Hammetts Branch CV.). 

Holstun's well (L. C. J.).

Conomitra polita sp. nov. 

Georgetown (L. and V.).

,. Conomitra texana Harris. 

St. Maurice (Waddell).

Fusils mortoni Lea var. carexus Harris.

Holstun's w-ell (L. C. J.). 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.). 

St. Maurice (V.).

Fusus mortoni Lea var. mortoniopaia Gabb.

Pittnians Mill (L. C. J.). 

Well on sec. 17, T. 18, R. 6 W., Bienville Parish (L. C. J.).

Near Pittuiaus Mill, sec. 16, T. 19, R. 7 W. (L. C. J.)

Holstun's well (L. C. J.).

Raybura's well (L. C. J.).

 Hammetts Branch (L. C. J. arid V.) 

St. Maurice (Waddell and V.).

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill on road to Vernon (L. and V.).

? Ten miles northwest of Wiunfield (L. and V.). This is undoubtedly F. mortoni, 

but as it is only an imperfect cast, probably it was not justifiable in me to refer 

it to the var. mortoniopsis in my "Stratigraphy of Northwestern Louisiana." 1

 

Pappilina duntosa Con. var. trapaquara Harris.

Hammetts Branch (V.).

NE. i sec. 7, T. 17 N., R. 9 W., Webster Parish (Lerch).

Lapparia dumosa Con. 

St. Maurice (V.).

Fusus baatropenais Harris. 

Hammetts Branch (V.). 

Pittmans Mill (L. C. J.). 

Holstnns well (L. C. J.). 

St. Maurice (Waddell and V.).

* 

Pyrula (Fusoficula) texana Harris.

Hammetts Branch (L. C. J. and V.).

Well on sec. 27, T. 18, R. 6 W. (L. C. J.).

Holstun's well (L. C. J.).

Rayburu's well (L. C. J.).

NE. J sec. 7, T. 17, R. 9 W., Webster Parish (Lerch).

Ficus sp.

A poor specimen, closely related to F. mississippiensis, Con., but sculpture not quite 

so coarse, and spire somewhat more elevated. 

Locality. St. Maurice (V.).

Clauilithes.hnmeroaua Con. var. texanus Harris.

Pittmans Mill (L. C. J.).

Holstun's well (L. C. J.).

Hamnietts Branch (L. C. J. and V.)

St. Maurice (Waddell and V.).

Fourteen miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernon (L. and V.).

i Am. Gaol., VoL XV, p. 217, April ISfl*.
42 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BULL. 142.

ClaflMifhes penrosei Hpn. 

St. Maurice (V.).

Latirus moorei Gabb. 

Pittnians Mill (L. C. J.). 

Holstun's well (L. C. J.). 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.). 

Hammetts Branch (L. Q. J. and V.). 

St. Maurice (Waddell and V.). 

Georgetown (L. and V.).

Pseudoliva vetusta Conrad.

Two miles east-southeast of Minden (L. C. J.).

Pittmans Mill <(L. C. J. 1).

Near Pittmans Mill, sec. 16, T. 19, R. 7 W. (L. C. J.).

Well on sec. 17, T. 18, R. 6 W., Bienville Parish .(L, C. .J.).

Moreland's well, sec. 16, T. 17, R. 6 W., Bienville Parish (L. C. J,).

Holstun's well (L. C. J.).

Rayburn's well(L. C. J.).

Well on sec. 6, T. 16, R. 5 W. (L. C. J.).

Hammetts Branch (L. C. J. and V.).

St. Maurice (Waddell and V.),.

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernon (L. and V.).

Fourteen miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernon ,(L. and V.).

Ten miles northwest of Winnfield (L. and V.).

Cornulvna armigena C«n.

Two miles east-southeast of Minden (L. C. J.). 

Hammetts Branch (V.).

Phos texfinus Gabb. 

Mount Lebanon (V.). 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.).

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernon (L. and V.). 

Two miles east of Provencal (L. and V.).

Phos scalatus Heilprin.

NE. i sec. 7, T. 17 N., R. 9 W., Webster Parish (Lerch), *

Murex (Odontopolys) compsorhytis Gabb. 

Hammetts Branch (V.).

Murex vanuxemi Conrad. 

St. Maurice (Waddell).

Murex engonatus Con. 

Roland's well, Mount Lebanon (Lerch).

Murex cf. fusates Harris.

Longitudinal folds acute, but devoid of spines or angular projections. 

Holstun's well (L. C.J.).

Distorsio septemdentata Gabb. 

Pittmans Mill (L. C.J.).

Near Pittmans Mill, sec. 16, T. 19, R. 7 W. (L. C. J.), 

Hammetts Branch (L. C. J. and V.). 

Sec. 17, T. 18, R. 6 W.^Bienyille Parish (L. C. J. 

Sec. 17, T. 17, R. 6 W., Bienville Parish (L. C. J.)
LIST ,0F FOSSILS. 43

Helstun'a well (L. C. J.).

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.).

St. Maurice (Waddell and V.).

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernon (L. and V.).

? Ten miles northwest of Winnfield (L. and V.).

Cassidaria planotecta Mr. and Aid.

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.).

St. Maurice (Waddell and V.).

Ten miles northwest of Winnfield (L. and.V.).

Phalium globosum Dall.

Pittmans Mill, Rayburn's well (L. C J.).

Mount Lebanon (V.).

NE. i sec. 7, T. 17, R. 9 W. Webster Parish (Lerch).

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernon (L. and V.).

Cyprcea kennedyi Harris. 

Hammetts Branch (V.) *

Calyptrapliorus velatus Con. 

Pittmans Mill (L.C.J.).

Near Pittmans Mill, sec. 16, T. 19, R. 7 W. (L. C. J.). 

Two miles east-southeast of Minden (L. C. J.). 

Well on sec. 17, T. 18, R. 6 W., Bien ville Parish (L. C. J.). 

Holstuns well (L. C. J.). 

Raybnrn's well (L. C. J.).

Well on sec. 6, T. 16, R..5 W., Bienville Parish (L. C. J.). 

Hammetts Branch (L. C. J. and V.).

Eimella texana Harris.

Bimella laqueata Vaughan(non-Con.), Am. Geol., Vol. XV, p. 213, April, 1895, belongs 

to this species. 

Hammetts Branch (V.). 

St. Maurice (V.). 

Ten miles northwest of Winnfield (L. and V.). .

Turritella nasuta Gabb.

Pittmans Mill, 2 miles east-southeast of Minden (L. C. J.). 

Holstun's well (L. C. J.). 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.). 

Hammetts Branch (L. C. J. and V.).

Turritella dutexata Harris. 

Pittmans Mill (L. C. J.). 

Holstun'8well(L.C. J.). 

Rayburn's well (L.C.J.). 

Hammetts Branch (V.). 

St.Maurice (Waddell). 

Ten miles northwest of Winnfield (L. and'V.).

Turritel la carinata Lea var. 

St. Maurice (Waddell and V.).

Turritella apita de Greg. 

Ten miles northwest of Winnfield (L. and V.).
44 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [DULL. 142.

Mesalia claibornensis Harris.

Turritella vetwta Vaughan (non-Con.), Am. Geol., Vol. XV, p. 213, April, 1895. 

Hammetts Branch (V.). 

Holstun's and Rayburn's wells (L. C. J.).

Mesalia pleboides sp. nov.

Hammetts Branch (L. C. J. and V.).

Well on sec. 17, T. 18, R. 6 W., Bienville Parish (L. C. J.) . Holstun's, sec. 17, T. 18, R. 5 W. (L. C. J.).

Holstun's well (L. C. J.).

Tula antiquata Con. 

Rayburu's well (L. C. J.).

Solarium elaboration Con. 

Mount Lebanon (V.)

Solarium scrobiculatum Con. 

Hammetts Branch (V.). 

St. Maurice (V.).

Solarium alveatum Con. 

Mount Lebanon (V.)

» Solarium ccelatura Con. ? 

Moreland's, sec. 16, T. 17, R. 6 W., Bienville Parish (L. C. J.).

Solariella stalagmia Con. var. modesla Mr. and Aid. 

Pittmans Mill'(L. C. J.). . .

Crepidula lirata Con.

Hammetts Branch (L. C. J. and V.).

Sec. 17, T. 18, R. 6 W., Bienville Parish (L. C. J.).

Calyptrcea trochiformia Lam. 

Ten miles northwest of Winnfield (L. and V.).

Natica semilunata Lea.

Pittmans Mill (L. C. J.). 

Mount Lebanon (V.). 

St. Maurice (V.).

. Neverita limula Con.

Specimens of the same species as mine in the collection of the United States 

National Museum and Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences are so labeled, 

and some specimens were thus named for me by Prof. G. D. Harris. Conrad's descrip. 

tion is poor and he published no figure. 

Pittmans Mill (L.C.J.).

Sec. 17, T. 18, R. 5 W.^ Bienville Parish (L. C. J.). 

Hammetts Branch (V.).

Neverita arata Gabb. 

Pittmans Mill.

Near Pittmans Mill, sec. 16, T. 19, R. 7 W. (L. C.. J.). 

St. Maurice (Waddell and V.') 

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernon (L. and V.).
TAUOHAN.] LIST OF FOSSILS. 45

Liotia granulata Lea. . Mount Lebanon (V.).

Actceon punctaius Lea.

St. Maurice (V.). . 

Hammetts Branch (V.).

Actoson lineatus Lea. 

St. Maurice (V.). 

Niso sp. 

St. Maurice (V.).

SCAPHOPODA.

Dentalium minutistriatum Gabb.

Pittmans Mill (L. C. J.).

Two miles cast-southeast of Mindjen (L. C. J.).

Hammetts Branch (V.).

St. Maurice (V.).

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill, road to Veruon. . .

Two miles oast of Provencal.

Ten miles northwest of \Vinnfield (L. and V.).

Cadulus juvenis Mr.

A small species, apparently jiivenis. Specimens not perfect. 

St. Maurice (V.). . . *

Caduhis 8ul)coarclatu8 Gabb.

Specimens not well preserved. Apparently belong. to this species. 

St. Maurice (V.). «>

PKLKCYPODA.

Oslrea divaricata Lea.

Two miles east-southeast of Minden CL. C. J.). 

Sec. 17, T. 18, R. 6 W., Bienville Parish (L. C. J.). 

Hanimetts Branch (V.). 

Ten miles northwest of Winnfield (L. and V.).

Ostrea alabamiensis Lea. 

Ten miles northwest of Winnfield (L. and V.).

Ostrea sellceformis Con.

Sec. 32, T. 14, R. 7 W., Bienville Parish (L. and V. independently). 

Upper stratum at Natchitoches (V.). 

One-half mile northwest of Provencal (V.). 

Victoria (V.).

Gabb.

Pittmans Mill (L. C. J.). Two miles east-southeast of Minden (L. C. J.). Holstun's 

well (L. Ci J.). Moreland's place, sec. 16, T. 17, R. 6 W., Bienville Parish (L. C. J.).

Hammetts Branch (V.). Mount Lebanon in general (V.). Sec. 32, T. 14 N., R. 7 W., 

Bienville Parish (V.). Victoria (V.). One-half mile north west of Provencal (V.). 

Stratum 1 at Natchitoches (V.).

Pecten deshayesii Lea. 

St. Ma-urice (Waddell and V.).
46 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [B0ii.l42:

Pecten claiborncntia Coa. 

Hammetts Branch (V.). * 

St. Maurice (V.). 

Ten miles northwest of Winnfield (L. and V.).

Plicatula filamentosa Con. var.

The specimens which are referred to this speciea have not as many or as minute 

radiating lines as those from Claiborne, Ala. 

St. Maurice (V.). 

Two miles east of Provencal and Couley (L. and V.).

Plicatula planata Mr. and Aid. 

St. Maurice (Waddell).

Area rhomboidella Lea.

»

Two miles east-southeast of Minden (L. C. J.). 

Hammetts Branch (V.). 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.).

Area rliomboidella Lea var.

St. Maurice (Waddell and V.). 

Couley (L. and V.).

Trigonarca deciaa Con. 

Hammetts Branch (V.).

Limopaia avitiuloides Con. 

Holstun's well (L.C..J.). 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.). . Mount Lebanon (V.). 

St. Maurice (Waddell and V.). 

Two miles east of Provencal (L. and V.). 

Couley (L. andV.). 

Ten miles northwest of Winnfield (L. and V.).

*

Pectunvulua stamineus Con.

Hammetts Branch (V.).

Pectunculus declivis Con.

Holstun's well (L. C. J.). ' 

Rayburn's wells (L. C. J.). 

Hammetts Branch (V.).

Nucula magnified Con. 

Pittmans Mill (L. C. J.).

Two miles east-southeast of Minden (L. C. J.). 

Holstun's well (L. C. J.). 

Sec. 17, T. 18, R. 6 W. (L. C. J.). 

Sec. 17, T. 17, R. 6 W. (L. C. J.). 

Hammetts Branch (V.).

Leda semen Lea. » 

Hammetts Branch (V.).

Ferticordia eocensis Langdon. 

St. Maurice (V.).

Periploma collardi Harris. 

St. Maurice (Waddell and V.).
LIST OP FOSSILS. 47

Venericardia planicosta Lam. 

Pittmans Mill (L. C. J.).

Near Pittmans Mill, on sec. 16, T. 19, R. 7 W. (L. C. J.). 

Holstun's well (L. C. J.). 

Rayburn's well (L. C. J.).

Hammetts Branch and the vicinity of Mount Lebanon in general (V.). 

St. Maurice (V.).

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernon (L. and V.). 

Georgetown (L. and V.).

As casts in ferruginous sandstone L. C. Johnson found it on NE. £ of sec. 10, T. 19, 

R. 6 W., Claiborne Parish, and collected a splendid suite from Lincoln Parish. Mr. 

Johnson also collected it in Harrison County, Tex., as casts in the same material. I 

have found similar casts m the vicinity of Mount Lebanon, a few miles south of 

Arcadia on the road to Liberty Hill, and 6 miles south of Gibbsland on the railroad 

from that place to Bienville.

Venericardia rotunda Lea. 

Hammetts Branch (V.).

Venericardia alticostata Con. var.

Locality. St. Maurice (Waddell and V.). 

Stratum 2, Natchitoches (V.). 

One-half mile northwest of Provencal (V.).

Venericardia sp. near sillimani Lea.

Hammetts Branch (V.).

Meretrix poulsoni Con. 

Hammetts Branch (V.).

Crasaatellaprotexta Con. 

Pittmans Mill (L. C. J.). 

Hammetts Branch (V.).

Crassatella texana Heilprin. 

St. Maurice (Waddell).

Crasaatella sp. cf. texana Heilprin.

Resembles C. texana, but is too elongate for that species and is not sufficiently 

elongate for C. protexta.

Crassatella texalta Har. ?

Dr. Lerch and I found at 10 miles northwest of Winnfield an internal cast of a 

Crassatella which apparently belongs to this species.

Corbula texana Gabb. 

Hamraetts Branch (V.).

Corbula aldbamiensis Lea, small var.~~

Holstun's well (L. C. J.),. Ray burn's well (L.C. J.).

^Hammetts Branch (V.). ' 

Ten miles east of Liberty Hill, or road to Vernon (L. and V.).

Corbula oniscus Con.

These specimens probably belong to var. fossata of Meyer and Aldrich. They 

consist of external casts. 

Ten miles northwest of Winnfield (L. and V.).

Corlmla oniscus Con. var. fossata Mr. and Aid. 

Hammetts Branch (V.).
48 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BULL. 142.

Corbula aldrichi Mr. var. smithvillensis Harris.

NE. i sec. 7, T. 17 N., R. 9 W. (Lerch). 

Stratum 2, Natchitoches (V.). -

Corbula sp.

A small species, subtrapezoid in form, valv.es not ventricose, marked by rather 

coarse concentric rugae. 

Hammetts Branch (V.).

_Mactra sp.

A small, delicate, very fragile species, resembling M. parilia somewhat, but certainly distinct. 

. Hammetts Branch (V.).

Pholadomya claibornensis Aid. 

St. Maurice (Waddell and V.). 

Two miles east of Provencal as a cast in limonitic iron ore (V.).

Pteropsis conradi Dana.

L. P. Saxinders's place, sec. 18, T. 22, E. 12 W. (L. C. J.). 

Hammetts Branch and Mount Lebanon in general (V.).

This species is frequently, found in northern Louisiana as casts in ferruginous 

sandstone.

Protocdrdia gambrina Gabb. 

Hammetts Branch (V.). 

Ten miles northwest of Winnfield (L. and V.).

I collected an internal cast of what is probably this species at St. Maurice.

Cardium harrisi sp nov. 

Mount Lebanon (Lerch).

Near Homer, exact locality not known (Lerch). 

L. P. Saunders's place, sec. 18, T. 22, E. 12 W. (L. C. J.). 

Near Eedland, SE. i sec. 19, T. 23, R. 12 W. (G. D. Harris).

Sphcerella (?) anteproducta Harris. 

Mount Lebanon (V.). 

St. Maurice (Waddell and V.). 

Fourteen miles east of Liberty Hill, on road to Vernon.

Astarte tellinoides Con. 

Hammetts Branch (V.).

ANTHOZOA. 

Flabellum cuneiforms Lons. var. pachyptiyllum Gabb and Horn. 

PittmansMill (L.C.J.).

Two miles east-southeast of Minden (L. C. J.).

Holstuu's well (L. C.Jr).

Eaybnrn's well (L. C. J.).

Morelaud's place, sec. 16, T. 17, E. 6 W. (L. C. J.).

Sec. 17, T. 18, E. 6 W. (L.C. J.). «

Hammetts Branch and Mount Lebanon in general (V.)

TurMnolia phraretra Lea. 

Holstun's well (L. C. J.). 

Eayburn's well (L. C. J.). 

Hammett's Branch (V.).

Discotrochus orbignianua Edwards and Haime. 

Pittmans Mill (L. C. J.). 

Holstun's well (L.C. J.). 
VAUGHAN.] LIST OF FOSSILS. 49

Endopacliys maclurii Lea. 

Holstuu's well(L.C.J.).

Sec. 17, T. 18, E. 6 W., Bienville Parish (L. C. J.). 

Hammetts Branch (L. C. J. and. V.). 

St. Maurice (V.).

Mount L6bauou (in the town; (V.). 

Stratum 2, Natchitoches (V.),

New species of corals belonging to the following genera have been discovered in 

the Lower Claiborne of Louisiana:

Fldbelliim 1 u. sp. and 1 u. var. of Stylophora 1 n.sp. 

F. ctmeiforme Lqns. Aniphiliclia 1 n. sp. 

TiirMnolia 1 n. sp. Dendroplnjlliu, 2 n. sp. 

Paracyathus 2 n. sp.

Making a total of twelve species of corals plus one variety.

In stratum 2 at Natchitoches indeterminable fragments of a ISulanophyliia and a 

Eupsammia were found.

JACKSON SPECIES.

Creole Bluff is the only place from which a large collection of Jacksou fossils was made. Mr. L. C. Johnson made the first collection. I 

made the second. I collected all of the species listed except Cassidaria 

pctersoni and the Zeuglodon bones which were presented to the United 

States Geological Survey.

VEETEBEATA.

Basilosauriis tnacrospondyliis Harlan. (Zeuglodon cctoides Owen).

1NVEETEBEATA.

CKUSTACJSA. 

Numerous detached crab claws.

E CHINODEKM ATA.

Scutella sp. fragments abundant.

MO.LLUSCA.

GASTEKOPOJDA.

J3ullinclla jacksonensis Mr.

Scaphander grandiu Aid. Very large specimens.

Terebra cf. polygyra Cou. A small, slender species, consisting of about 12 whorls, 

marked longitudinally by numerous small cost*; an impressed revolving line 

slightly .anterior to the suture. Canal curved. The sculpture is too line for 

T. tantula. It is close to T. polygyra Con. and T. texagyra Harris. The form and 

longitudinal sculpture are about the same as those of the former species, but the 

line below the suture is not so much impressed and is nearer the suture. It differs 

from T. texagyra by having finer costai, and the lino below the suture is not as 

much impressed. I have only one specimen, and that does not fit any species 

precisely; apparently it is nearest T. polygyra.

Conns tortilis Con.

ConorMs alatoides Aid.

Pleurotoma rotwdena Con. 

americana Aid. 

(Ancistrosyrinx} columbaria Aid.

Mangilia meridionalis Mr.? Probably this species. Without seeing the typo I can 

not make a positive identification. 

Bull. 142 4
50 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BULL. 142.

Borsonia ludoviciana sp. nov.

EucJieilodon creno-carinata Hpn.

Cancellaria, 2 sp. = C. plicata, Lea ? and C. inississippiensis Con. ?

Margininella semen Lea.

Volutilithes petrosus Cou.

Caricella snbangiilata Con.

Fasjm humcrosum sp. nov.

Mitra millingtoni Con.

Fitsus montgomeriensis sp. nov. 

Papillina dumosa Con. 

Lapparia dumosa Con. ( = pact'di8 Con.). 

Clavilithes humerosus Con. 

Mazzalina inaurata Con. 

Latirus jacksonensis Aid. 

.Fictts mississij^iensis Con.

Pseudoliva vetusta Con. . 

P7ios cf. 7tiHt Harris. This species is slightly larger than P. 7iiZK ; its longitudinal 

i folds are more prominent and less numerous (from 6 to 8 on the body Avhole, while 

] in P. hilli there are about 10) ; spiral sculpture not so pronounced. Every one of 

I these characters is subj ect to variation, so the species may be, and probably is 

' only a variety of P. hilli. 

Phos jolmsoni sp. nov. 

Cassidaria petersoni Cou. 

Calyptraphorus vclatus Con.

Aporrhais (Platyoptera) extvnta Con. Eepre^euted by a fragment only. 

Turritella arenicola Con. 

alveaia Cpn. 

clevelandia Harris. 

Solarium alveatiTm Con.

elaboration Con. var. acitium Con.

sp. near elaloratum, but has two elevated revolving lines within the 

umbilicus, and constitutes at least a distinct variety.

sp. nov. ? A small species grouping with elaloratum. The specimens are 

not very good.

bellastriatum Con.

triliratum Con. 

SerpulorMs granifera Say. 

Xcnophora humilis Con. (=.Xmopliora reolusa Vaughan, not .Conrad, in Am. Geol.,

Vol. XV, p. 223, April, 1895). 

CalyptrcKa trochiformis Lam. 

Amalthea americana Con.

pygmcea Lea. 

Natica pcrmimda Cou. 

Limaiia eminnla Con. *

viclcsburyensis Con. 

Actccon punctatux Lea. 

Umibrella planulata Cou.

SCAPHOPODA. 

Dentalium, thalloides Con.

( dance Mr. 

Cadulus jacksonensis Mr.

PELECYPODA. 

Ostrea trigonalis Con. 

fecten nuperus Con.

calvatiis Morton.
VAUOHAN.] LIST OF FOSSILS. 51

y/we«7asp. Represented by fragments, probably A. .clailornenais Con. 

Pinna sp. Represented by fragments, probably P. argentca Con. 

Naviciiila cuculloides Con. 

Limopsis radiatus Mr. 

Pectunculus filosus Con. 

Nucula meridionalis Mr.

magnified Cou. A email variety or young specimens. 

Leda multilincata Con. 

Venericardia planicosia Lam. 

jacksonensis Con.

parva Lea. var. The specimens have only 17 ribs, a smaller number than 

is typical for the species. They arc identical with a specimen in tho 

United States National Museum from Cornish Ferry, Saline fever, 

Arkansas, and labeled by Prof. G. D. Harris V. parva Lea. 

Meretrix miasissippiensis Con. 

solrina Con. 

mortoni Con. 

Alveinus minntus Con.

Crassaiella flcxura Cou. . o 

Corbula Mcarinata Con.

alabamiensis Lea. Small var. 

Cardium nicoletti Con. 

Astarte parilis Con. 

Lucina smithi Mr. ?

choctavensis Mr. 

Tellina cf. vicksburyensis Con. 

Teredo mississippiensis Cou.

ANTHOZOA.

Fldbellum euneiforme Lons. var. wailesii Con. 

Turbinolia pltaretra Lea var. 

Trochocyatbus lunulitiformia Con. 

Bdlanopliyllia irrorata Con. 

Endopacliys maolurii Lea var. triangulare Con.

Besides these corals there are new species belonging to tho following genera: 

1 n. gen., including 1 u. sp. belonging to the Turbinolidaj and related lo Platytrochus 

. in the character of the columella. 

Caryophyllia 1 u. sp. 

Parasmilia 1 u. sp. 

Astrangia 1 u. sp.

PllOTOZOA.

Orbitoides mantelli Morton.

From a locality about 2 miles north of Rosefield, near the Catahoula-Caldwell 

parish line, the Louisiana geological survey has a small collection of Jackson fossils. Tho fossjls were embedded in an indurated shell agglomerate. By breaking 

them out a sufficient number was identified to determine the horizon. The following is a list of the species:

Scaphander primus Aldrich ? Meretrix sobrina Con.

'Volutiliihes petrosus Con. Corbula licarinala Con.

Ihisus sp. , Cardium nicolletti Con.

MazzaUna inaurata Con. Cardium sp.

Lunatia cminnla Con. Flabellum cuneiforme Lonsdale.

Cadulus sp. F. euneiforme var. roailcsii Con.

Area sp. Paraamilia Jackson species. 

Nucula sp.
52 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF LOUISIANA. [BULL. 142.

The following are the localities in Louisiana from which Zeuglodon bones have 

been reported: 

1. Tullos, Catahonla Parish, from a cutting on the railroad.between Alexandria and 

Monroe (Lerch and Vaughan).

2. Montgomery, Grant Parish (Hopkins).

3. Grand View, on the Ouachita River (Hopkins).

4. Where the Harrisburg and Columbia road crosses the Catahoula-Caldwell parish 

line (Hopkins).

VICKSBURG SPECIES.

I have seen Vicksburg fossils from only one locality in Louisiana, 

viz, about 3 miles south of Bosefield, in Oatahoula Parish (Lerch and 

Vaughan collectors). The species collected are:

Dentalium mississippiensis Con. 

Ostrea vicksburgensis Con. 

Pectenpoulsoni Mortoii. 

Area missisaippiensis Con. 

Byssoarca lima Con.

Pectuncul'ii.8 arctatus Con. 

Crassatella mississippiensis Con. 

Meretrix sobrina Con. 

Balanopliyllia caulifera Cou. 

Orlitoides mantelli Morton.
PLATES.

53

PLATE I.

55
EXPLANATION OF PLATE I. 1

FIG. 1. Section at Slaughter Pen Bluff, at the head of Cross Lake, one-half mile 

above Shreveport. (Reduced from figure in L. C. Johnson's Iron Regions 

of Louisiana and Texas, p. 18.) This section probably is Lignitic.

FIG. 2. Section of Lower Claiboruo on Hammotts Branch, SW. J sec. 30, T. 18 N., 

. E. 6 W., 2 miles northeast of Mount Lebanon. No. 1 grades into 2, and 5 

is derived from 6 by oxidation.

FIG. 3. Section of Lower Claiborne in the first railroad cutting west of Arcadia. 

Length of cutting, 1,040 feet; depth, 15 feet.

1. Red clay with some sand passing into

2. Gray laminated clay ("Arcadia clays") passing into

3. Black, thinly laminated clay.

FIG. 4. Section of Lower Claiborne 6^ miles south of Gibbsland, on the Louisiana 

and Northwestern Railway. Length of cutting, 510 feet; depth, 16| feet.

1. Red clay, with some sand in the upper portion, passing into

2. Gray laminated clay ("Arcadia clays") passing into

3. Black, thinly laminated clay.

FIG. 5. Section of Lower Claiborne one-half mile north of Natchitocb.es, on Old 

River. No. 1 is a yellow calcareous marl with calcareous nodules, forming 

a prairie soil. Ostrea sellaiformis* and an Orbitulina-Ii\ie> foraminifer are 

very abundant in many places on the surface. Below the surface a few 

feet sometimes fossils are numerous; sometimes only calcareous nodules 

are present. . . . Below the lignite seam (3) the laminated sands and clays sometimes show 

" cross*bedding.

FIG. 6. Section of bluff on Saline Bayou one-half mile above St. Maurice, showing 

ibssiliferons Lower Claiborne (4), overlaid by the Cocksfield Ferry beds 

(2). I do not know whether 3 should be referred to the same category as 

4 or classed with 2. The whole section, excepting 1, is "one conformable 

series. No. 1 is gravel, probably of Columbia age.

FIG 7. Section at Cocksfield Ferry, showing the Cocksfield Ferry beds, lower part 

of section nncxposed. No. 1 is gravel, probably of Columbia age.

FIG. 8. Section near the upper end of the bluff at Montgomery showing the Jackson 

2, 3, and 4 overlying the Cocksfield Ferry beds 6 and 7.

FlG. 9. Section one-half mile west of Provencal, on the Texas and Pacific Railway, 

showing what is probably the basal contact of the Sparta sands. Cutting 

240 feet long, S jceu deep.

1. Yellowish sand with some clays, restinguncomformably on

2. Stratified red clay with white clay partings, mantled by soil 2', probably Eocene.

3. Hematitic iron ore developed along the contact of 1 and 2. 

Sections drawn by D. W. Cronin.

1 Thia plate is tlie same as pi. ix in vol. xv of the American Geologist, 1895. 

56
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Fi&l

FIG Z

l.SURFACESOIL.REOONTOP. 

ORAYBEUW. to'

2.STONYSANDYCLAY 2^' 

3.LIGNITIC5AND. 2

4 GRAY SAND B 

g|cpS^ 5.SANDYCLAY IN STREAKS e

6.LIGNITE 26" X^^^vSlS^^'sWs.GLflUCONITl

7.SANDY GRAY CLAY TO ^^&$$$&$%$&&$;;: ' WATER 10' W3&t£tMtt&$£*&i'

BULLETIN NO. 142 PL. I

sjS^T.I RED CLAY WITH SOME 5ANO.3

Z YELLOWISH CLAY. 2

'3 OOLOMITIC SANDY LIMESTONE .(>" 

W.YULOWCLAY l'

S^gjigiiiSiS. YELLOW SAND PASSING INTO 3'.

FiG. 4

Fie. 3,

FI&.5.

FIG. 6.

^g I.YELLOW MARLjCALCAfiEOUS NODULtS ZS

2 6LAUCONITIC SANOJOSSILirEROUS ZO

ilLI&NITE SEAM 6

4.PURPLE CLAYS AND 

5ANDS,LAMINATEB IS'.

I.&RAVELINCLAY.

2.LAMINATED SAND & 

CLAY NO FOSSILS. ZS'

3.LAMINATEOCLAY.6'

4.6REENGlAUttmiTfcSAND 

&CUYWITHSEAMSOr IRON ORE IS;MANY

6.RIVER ALLUVIUM

Fie. 7.. i 6RAVCLIN CLAY

2 LAMINATED SANDS AND CLAY 

CIAYPURPIEORYULOW Z0 '

3 LIGNITE SEAM

4 RIVER ALLUVIUM

FIG 8

^i'^iv'v;' I RIVER ALLUVIUM , zo.'

Z.MARL 2'

3.INOURATEOCAI.CARIOOS CLAY. 19 

46RAYFOSSILifEROuSMARL.6.' 

5LI6NITE SEAM

6 LAMINATED SANDS&CLAY.ZO

! TBLALn US bREEN LAMINATED

CLAY, i'

Fie. 9.

GEOLOGIC SECTIONS SHOWING THE CHARACTER OF THE EOCENE BEDS OF LOUISIANA.
PLATE II.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE II.

FIG. 1. Pleurotoma lerchi sp. nov. (p. 32). - 

FIG. 2. Pleurotoma sancti-mauritii sp. nov. (p. 32).

FIG. 3. Pleurotoma ludoviciana sp. nov. (p. 33).

FIG. 4. Pleurotoma shaleri sp. nov. (p. 34).

FIG. 5. Pleurotoma stantoni sp. nov. (p. 34):

FIG. 6. Borsonia ludoviciana sp. nov. A specimen not fully grown, but perfect (p. 34).

FIG. 6a. Borsonia ludoviciana. The last whorl of an older specimen, showing the

cariuation of the whorl (p. 34).

Vasum humerosum sp. nov. Aperture view natural size (p. 34). 

Vasum humerosum. Dorsal view natural size (p. 34). 

Figs. 1, 3, and 4 were drawn by J. Henry Blake; figs 2, 6, 6a, 7, and 8 by J. L.

Ridgway; fig. 5 by li. Chadwick Hunter. 

58
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 142 PL. II

EOCENE FOSSILS OF LOUISIANA.
PLATE III.

59
EXPLANATION OF PLATE III.

FIG. 1. Conomitra polita sp. nov. (p'35).

FIG. 2. F-iisus montfjomeriensis sp. nov. (p. 35).

FIG. 3. PJws johnsoni sp. nov. (p. 36).

FIG. 4. Mesalia pleboides sp. nov. A young specimen showing the apical whorls

enlarged .about 8 times (p. 36). 

FIG. 5. Mesalia pleboides. An ordinary specimen. The apical whorls are broken off

the specimen figured, but were drawn in from another specimen (p. 36). 

FIG. 6. Mesaliapi'eboides. A part of the last Avhorl of the specimen represented in

fig. 5, much enlarged to show sculpture of the surface (p. 36). 

FiGS. 7 and 7a. Niso sp. Natural size (p. 36). 

FIG. 8. Area rlioviboidella Lea var. (p. 37).

Figs. 1, 4, 5, and 6 were drawn by J. Henry Blake; figs. 2, 3, 7, and 7a by J. L.

Eidgway. 

60
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN NO. 142 PL. Ill

EOCENE FOSSILS OF LOUISIANA.
PLATE IV.

61
EXPLANATION OF PLATE IV.

FIGS. 1 and 2. Cardium liarrisl sp. uov. Natural size (p. 37) Drawn by J. Henry

Bluke. 

62
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

EOCENE FOSSILS OF LOUISIANA.
INDEX.

[Descriptions of species appear on pages indicated by italic figures.]

Page.

Action lineatns ........................... 45

punctatus.............................. 45,50

Alabama, Bulirstono in.................... 15

divisions of Lower Claiborno in........ 15

Alveinus miuutus.......................... 51

Amalthea americaua....................... 50

pygmtea................................ 50

Amphihelia n. sp .......................... 49

Ancilla ancillops........................... 40

staminea............................... 40

Anomia epliippoides................. 17,19,20,45

Anthozoa................................ 48-49,51

Aporrhais (Platyoptcra) oxtenta........... 50

Area sp.................................... 51

mississippiensis ....................... 24,52

rhomboidella....................... '.... 46

rboraboidella Lea, var.................. 37,46

Astarto parilis............................. 51

tellinoides............................. 48

Astraugia n. sp ............................ 51

Aviculasp................................. 50

Balanophyllia.............................. 49

caulifera............................... 52

irrorata................................ 51

Basiloaaurusmacrospondylus (= Zeuglodon

cetoidcs)................................. 22,49

Boeeher.C. E., acknowledgments 1;o........ 11

BieuvilloParisb, Lower Claiborne localities

in........................................ 31

Borsonia bicowica.......................... 17,39

ludoviciana............................ 34, 50

Bossier Parisb, Lower Claiborne localities in 30

Buhrstone in Alabama and Mississippi.... 15

Bulliuella galba............................ 38

jacksonensis........................... 49

By ssoarca lima.............................. 52

Cadulus sp"................................ 51

jacksouensis........................... 50

juvenis ..:............................. 45

subcoarctatus.......................... 45

Calyptrtca trochiformis...........'......... 44,50

Calyptrapborus velatus.................... 43,50

Cancollaria bastroponsis................... 39

mississippieusis......:................. 50

plicata................................. 50

Cardiuni sp ................................ 51

harrisi.....:...-................. 20,21,37,48

nicoletti .--.--------.-.......-......... 51

	Page. 

Caricella demissa .......................... 41

subangulata ............................ . 50

Caryopbyllia n. sp...........:.............. 51

Cassidaria petersoni ....................... 50

planotecta.............................. 43

Oataboula Parish, Lower Claiborne localities in ................................... 32

Claiborne Parish, Lower Claiborno localities in.................................... 31,32

Clavilithcs bnmerosus ..................... 50

humerosus var. texanus............... 41

penrosei................................ 42

Conomitra polita........................ S5-3G, 41

texana................................. 41

Conorbis alatoides ......................... 49

Conrad, T. A., cited........................ 12,14

Con us sauridens ........................... 38

tortilis................................. 49

Corals'from the Lower Claiborno........... 49

Corbula sp................................. 48

alabamiensis........................... 47,51

nldrichi var. smitbvillensis ............ 48

bicarinata.............................. 51

oniscus................................. 47

ouiscus var. fossata.................... 47

texana ................................. 47

Cornulina armigcra........................ 42

Crassatella floxura......................... 51

mississippiensis........................ 52

protexta ............................... 47

texalta................................. 47

texana. ................................ 47

Crepidula lirata............................ 44

Crustacea from tbo Jackson group ......... 49

Cyproea kennedyi.......................... 43

Ball, W. H., acknowledgments to........... 11

Ball, W.H., cited........................... 11,24

Dendrophyllia n. sp........................ 49

Dentalium danto ........................... 50

minutistriatura ........................ 45

mississippiensis ....................... 52

thalloides.............................. 50

Discotrochus orbignianus.................. 48

Distorsio septemdentata................... 42,43

Echinodermata from the Jackson group... 49

Endopacbys maclurii....................... 49,51

Eocene, areas of............................ 14

Eupsatnmia................................ 49

63
64. INDEX.

Page. 

Eucheilodon creno-carinata................ 50

Exogyra costata ........................... 12,13

Ficus sp................................... 41

uiississippiensis .................. ..... 50

Flabellum n. sp ............................ 49

cuneiforme var. pachyphyllum .. 19,48, 49, 51 

cuneiforme var. wailesii................ 51

Fusus sp................................... 51

bastropensis........................... 41

(Fusoficiila) texana.................... 41

montgomeriensis....................... 35, 50

mortoni var. carexus......'............. 41

mortoni, var. mortoniopsis............. 17,41

pearlensis.............................. 50

Galeocerclo sp..................'............ 37

Gasteropoda ......... f............... 38-45,49-50

Gold, occurrence of......................... 12

Grand Gulf group, relation between tlie 

Vicksbiirg group and .................... 24

Grant Parish, Jackson and Lower Claiborue localities in........................ 32

Gryphcoa pitcheri.......................... 13

Harris, G. D., acknowledgments to......... 12,19

cited .......................... 12,17,18, 22, 23

Heilprin, Angelo, acknowledgments to..... 11

Hilgard, E. W., cited ........... 12,13,15,22,23, 24

Hill,Eobert T., acknowledgments to....... 12

Hopkins, F.V., cited ................. 12,13,22,24

Invertebrate from tLe Lower Claibome and 

Jackson groups.................... 38-49,49-52

Jackson fossils, localities of................ 49-52

Jackson Parish, Lower Claiborne localities 

in........................................ 32

Johnson, L. C., cited.................... 12,17,24

Lamua sp.................................. 37

Laparia dumosa............................ 41

Latirus jacksonensis....................... 50

moorei.............................. 17,18,42

Leda multilineata. ......................... 51

semen.................................. 46

Lerch, Otto, acknowledgments to.......... 12

cited.............. 12,13,14,15,17,18,19,22,24

'Levifusustrabeatoiclea..................... 40

Limopsis aviculoides....................... 46

radiatus................................ 51

Lincoln Parish, Lower Claiborne localities 

in..................-.-....--.......------ 31

Liotiagranulata ........................... 45

Lower Claiborne, extent of ................ 15

localities of fossils from ......... 15,17,30-32

lithologic characters of ................ 15-10

Lower Claiborne fossils, lists of species.. 17,

19, 20,37-49 

localitiesof.................... 15,17,21,30-32

Lucina choctavensis ....................... 51

smithi.................................. 51

Lnnatia eminula ........................... 50,51

vicksburgensis......................... 50

McGee, "W J, cited.......................... 12

Mactra sp.................................. 48

Mansfield group, Lower Claiborne age of... 15 

Mangilia meridionalis...................... 49

Marginella constrictoides.................. 40

larvata................................. 40

Page. 

Marginella semen.......................... 50

Mazzalina inaurata........................ 50, 51

Meretrix mississippiensis.................. 51

mortoni................................ 51

poulsoni................................ 47

sobrina................................. 51,52

Mesalia claibornensis...................... 44

pleboides............................... so, 44

Mississippi, Buhrstone in..:............... 15

di visions of Claibornein................ 15

Mitramillingtoui........................... 50

Mollusca from the Jackson group.......... 49-51

 from the Lower Claiborno and Jackson' 

groups ............................... 38-51

Monoptygma crassiplica................... 40

Murex engonatus........................;. 42

(Odontopolys) corapsorhytis ........... 42

cf. f usates.............................. 42

vauuxemi.............................. 42

Natchitoches Parish, Lower Claiboruo localities in................................ 31

.Natica permunda.......................... 50

semilunata............................. 44

Navicula cuculloides ...................... 51

!Neverita arata............................. 44

limula..'................................ 44

Niso sp .................................... 36, 45

Nucula sp.................................. 51

magnifica.............................. 46, 51

meridionalis............................ 51

Olivellasp................................. 40

Orbitoides ................................. 22

mantelli................................ 51, 52

Ostrea alabamiensis........................ 45

divaricata.............................. 17,45

Ostrea sellceformis................ 15,17,18, 20, 45.

trigonalis............................... 50

vicksburgeusis ........................ 24,52

Papparia dumosa .......................... 50

Pappiliiia dumosa.......................... 50

dumosa var. trapaquara................ 41

Paracyathus n. sp.......................... 49

Parasmilia sp.............................. 51

Pecten calvatus..... 1...................... 50

claibornensis.......-........^.......... 46

deshayesii.............................. 45

nuporus................................ 50

poulsoni ............................... 23, 52

Pectunculus arctatus...................... 52

declivis................................ 40

filosus ................................. 51

stamiueus.............................. 46

Pelecypoda ..........................° 45-47,50-51

Periploma collardi......................... 46

Phalium globosum......................... 43

Pholadomya claibornensis................. 48

Phoshilli.................................. 50

johnsoni ............................... SG, 50

scalatus................................ 42

texanus................................ 42

Pilsbry, H. A., acknowledgments to....... 11

Pinna sp................................... 51

Pinna palustris ............................ 25

Pleurotouia americana..................... .49
INDEX.

Pleurotoma (Ancistrosyrinx) columbaria.. 49

childreni ............................... 39

childreni var. bitota.................... 39

gabbii.................................. 38

insignifi ca ............................. 39

kellogi................................. 39

lerohi.................................... 32,38

ludoviciana ............................ S3,39

moorei.................................. 38

near childreni.......................... 39

nodocarinata........................... 39

cf. P. huppertzi Harris's var. penrosei.. 39

retifera................................. 38

rotsedens............................... 49

sancti-mauritii...................... 32-33, 38

shaleri.............................. 33-34,38

stantoni................................ 34, 39

terebriformis........................... 39

texana.................................. 38

texacona ............................... 39

Plicatula filamentosa var .................. 46

planata................................. 46

Protozoa from the Jackson group.......;.. 51-52

Protocardia gambrina...................... 48

Pseudoliva vetusta......................... 42,50

Pteropsis conradi ....................._.. 48

Pumpelly, Raphael, cited........ ...... 24

Eimella texana............................. 43

Kingicula biplicata ........................ 38

Scaphander grandis......................... 49

primus................................. 51

Scapliopoda................................ 45,50

Scutella sp................................. 4£

Serpnlorbis granifera........................ 50

Shark's teeth (Galeocerdo sp.), locality of.. 37

Smith,E. A., cited.......................... 15

Solarium alveatuin......................... 44, 50

bellastriatum ................

coelatura.....................

elaboratum...................

elaboratum var. acutuin......

sorobiculatum................

triliratum....................

Solariella stalagmia var. modesta. 

Sphiurella (?) anteproducta ......

Bull. 142 5

Stanley-Brown, J., cited ................... 24

Stylophora n. sp............................ 49

Tellina cf. vicksburgensis.................. 51

Terebra houstoni........................... 38

cf. polygyra............................ 49

texagyra............................... 38

Teredo missisaippiensis.................... 51

Texas, Lower Claiborne fossils in .......... 17

Trigonarca docisa.......................... 46

Trocbocyathus lurmlitiformis.............. 51

Tuba antiquata ............................ 44

Tubinolia n. sp............................. 49

phraretra .............................. 48, 51

Turritella alveata. 

apita..........

arenicola......

carinata.......

clevelanclia....

dutexata......

nasuta ........

vetusta........

50

43

50

43

50

43

43

44 

TJmbellaplanulata......................... 50

Vasum humerosum ..................... 34-35, 50

Venericardia alticostata var ............... 47

jacksonensis.........................'.. 51

parva................................!. 51

planicosta........................ 19,21,47,51

rotunda................................ 47

sp. near sillimani...................... 47

Vertebrata from the Jackson and Lower

Claiborne groups .................... 37,49

Verticordia oocensis ....................... 46

Vicksburg group, fossils of................ 52

relation of the Grand Gulf group to.... 24

VolutaJsp................................. 40

Volutilithes potrosus ................... 40,50, 51

sayanus................................ 40

"Webster Parish, Lower Claiborne localities 

in........................................ 30

11 

31

"Whitfleld, R, P., acknowledgments to.....

Winn Parish, Lower Claiborne localities in 

Xeuophora humilis ........................ 50

reclusa................................. 50

Zeuglodon, localities of.................... 52