II 

116TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. 914 

To reauthorize the Integrated Coastal and Ocean Observation System Act 

of 2009, to clarify the authority of the Administrator of the National 

Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration with respect to post-storm assessments, and to require the establishment of a National Water Center, 

and for other purposes. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

MARCH 27, 2019 

Mr. WICKER (for himself and Ms. CANTWELL) introduced the following bill; 

which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, 

Science, and Transportation 

A BILL 

To reauthorize the Integrated Coastal and Ocean Observation 

System Act of 2009, to clarify the authority of the 

Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 

Administration with respect to post-storm assessments, 

and to require the establishment of a National Water 

Center, and for other purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 


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1 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

2 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

3 ‘‘Coordinated Ocean Observations and Research Act of 

4 2019’’. 

5 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 

6 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

TITLE I—REAUTHORIZATION OF INTEGRATED COASTAL AND 

OCEAN OBSERVATION SYSTEM ACT OF 2009 

Sec. 101. Purposes. 

Sec. 102. Definitions. 

Sec. 103. Integrated Coastal and Ocean Observation System. 

Sec. 104. Financing and agreements. 

Sec. 105. Reports to Congress. 

Sec. 106. Public-private use policy. 

Sec. 107. Repeal of independent cost estimate. 

Sec. 108. Authorization of appropriations. 

Sec. 109. Reports and research plans. 

Sec. 110. Strategic research plan. 

Sec. 111. Stakeholder input on monitoring. 

Sec. 112. Research activities. 

TITLE II—NAMED STORM EVENT MODEL AND POST-STORM 

ASSESSMENTS 

Sec. 201. Named Storm Event Model and post-storm assessments. 

TITLE III—WATER PREDICTION AND FORECASTING 

Sec. 301. Water prediction and forecasting. 

7 TITLE I—REAUTHORIZATION OF 

8 INTEGRATED COASTAL AND 

9 OCEAN OBSERVATION SYS10 TEM ACT OF 2009 

11 SEC. 101. PURPOSES. 

12 Section 12302 of the Integrated Coastal and Ocean 

13 Observation System Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3601) is 

14 amended to read as follows: 


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1 ‘‘SEC. 12302. PURPOSES. 

2 ‘‘The purposes of this subtitle are— 

3 ‘‘(1) to establish and sustain a national inte4 grated System of ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes 

5 observing systems, comprised of Federal and non6 Federal components coordinated at the national level 

7 by the Council and at the regional level by a network 

8 of regional coastal observing systems, and that in9 cludes in situ, remote, and other coastal and ocean 

10 observation and modeling capabilities, technologies, 

11 data management systems, communication systems, 

12 and product development systems, and is designed to 

13 address regional and national needs for ocean and 

14 coastal information, to gather specific data on key 

15 coastal, ocean, and Great Lakes variables, and to en16 sure timely and sustained dissemination and avail17 ability of these data— 

18 ‘‘(A) to the public; 

19 ‘‘(B) to support national defense, search 

20 and rescue operations, marine commerce, navi21 gation safety, weather, climate, and marine 

22 forecasting, energy siting and production, eco23 nomic development, ecosystem-based marine, 

24 coastal, and Great Lakes resource management, 

25 public safety, and public outreach and edu26 cation; 


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1 ‘‘(C) to promote greater public awareness 

2 and stewardship of the Nation’s ocean, coastal, 

3 and Great Lakes resources and the general 

4 public welfare; 

5 ‘‘(D) to provide easy access to ocean, 

6 coastal, and Great Lakes data and promote 

7 data sharing between Federal and non-Federal 

8 sources and promote public data sharing; 

9 ‘‘(E) to enable advances in scientific un10 derstanding to support the sustainable use, con11 servation, management, and understanding of 

12 healthy ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes re13 sources to ensure the Nation can respond to op14 portunities to enhance food, economic, and na15 tional security; and 

16 ‘‘(F) to monitor and model changes in the 

17 oceans and Great Lakes, including with respect 

18 to chemistry, harmful algal blooms, hypoxia, 

19 water levels, and other phenomena; 

20 ‘‘(2) to improve the Nation’s capability to meas21 ure, track, observe, understand, and predict events 

22 related directly and indirectly to weather and cli23 mate, natural climate variability, and interactions 

24 between the oceanic and atmospheric environments, 

25 including the Great Lakes; 


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1 ‘‘(3) to sustain, upgrade, and modernize the 

2 Nation’s ocean and Great Lakes observing infra3 structure to detect changes and ensure delivery of 

4 reliable and timely information; and 

5 ‘‘(4) to authorize activities— 

6 ‘‘(A) to promote basic and applied research 

7 to develop, test, and deploy innovations and im8 provements in coastal and ocean observation 

9 technologies, including advanced observing tech10 nologies such as unmanned maritime systems 

11 needed to address critical data gaps, modeling 

12 systems, other scientific and technological capa13 bilities to improve the understanding of weather 

14 and climate, ocean-atmosphere dynamics, global 

15 climate change, and the physical, chemical, and 

16 biological dynamics of the ocean, coastal and 

17 Great Lakes environments; and 

18 ‘‘(B) to conserve healthy and restore de19 graded coastal ecosystems.’’. 

20 SEC. 102. DEFINITIONS. 

21 Section 12303 of the Integrated Coastal and Ocean 

22 Observation System Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3602) is 

23 amended— 

24 (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘section 

25 7902’’ and inserting ‘‘section 8932’’; 


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1 (2) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘integrated 

2 into the System and are managed through States, 

3 regional organizations, universities, nongovernmental 

4 organizations, or the private sector’’ and inserting 

5 ‘‘managed through States, regional organizations, 

6 universities, nongovernmental organizations, or the 

7 private sector and integrated into the System by a 

8 regional coastal ocean observing system, the Na9 tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or 

10 the agencies participating in the Interagency Ocean 

11 Observation Committee’’; 

12 (3) by amending paragraph (6) to read as fol13 lows: 

14 ‘‘(6) REGIONAL COASTAL OBSERVING SYS15 TEM.—The term ‘regional coastal observing system’ 

16 means an organizational body that is certified or es17 tablished by contract or memorandum by the lead 

18 Federal agency designated in section 12304(c)(3) 

19 and coordinates State, Federal, local, tribal, and pri20 vate interests at a regional level with the responsi21 bility of engaging the private and public sectors in 

22 designing, operating, and improving regional coastal 

23 and ocean observing systems in order to ensure the 

24 provision of data and information that meet the 


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1 needs of user groups from the respective regions.’’; 

2 and 

3 (4) in paragraph (7), by striking ‘‘National 

4 Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’’ and in5 serting ‘‘Administrator’’. 

6 SEC. 103. INTEGRATED COASTAL AND OCEAN OBSERVA7 TION SYSTEM. 

8 (a) SYSTEM ELEMENTS.— 

9 (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 12304(b) of the In10 tegrated Coastal and Ocean Observation System Act 

11 of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3603(b)) is amended by striking 

12 paragraph (1) and inserting the following: 

13 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In order to fulfill the pur14 poses of this subtitle, the System shall be national 

15 in scope and consist of— 

16 ‘‘(A) Federal assets to fulfill national and 

17 international observation missions and prior18 ities; 

19 ‘‘(B) non-Federal assets, including a net20 work of regional coastal observing systems iden21 tified under subsection (c)(4), to fulfill regional 

22 and national observation missions and prior23 ities; 

24 ‘‘(C) observing, modeling, data manage25 ment, and communication systems for the timeVerDate Sep 11 2014 04:22 Apr 04, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S914.IS S914

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1 ly integration and dissemination of data and in2 formation products from the System, including 

3 reviews of data collection procedures across re4 gions and programs to make recommendations 

5 for data collection standards across the System 

6 to meet national ocean, coastal, and Great 

7 Lakes observation, applied research, and weath8 er forecasting needs; 

9 ‘‘(D) a product development system to 

10 transform observations into products in a for11 mat that may be readily used and understood; 

12 and 

13 ‘‘(E) a research and development program 

14 conducted under the guidance of the Council, 

15 consisting of— 

16 ‘‘(i) basic and applied research and 

17 technology development— 

18 ‘‘(I) to improve understanding of 

19 coastal and ocean systems and their 

20 relationships to human activities; and 

21 ‘‘(II) to ensure improvement of 

22 operational assets and products, in23 cluding related infrastructure, observ24 ing technologies such as unmanned 

25 maritime systems, and information 


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1 and data processing and management 

2 technologies; 

3 ‘‘(ii) an advanced observing tech4 nology development program to fill gaps in 

5 technology; 

6 ‘‘(iii) large scale computing resources 

7 and research to advance modeling of coast8 al, ocean, and Great Lakes processes; 

9 ‘‘(iv) models to improve regional 

10 weather forecasting capabilities and re11 gional weather forecasting products; and 

12 ‘‘(v) reviews of data collection proce13 dures across regions and programs to 

14 make recommendations for data collection 

15 standards across the System to meet na16 tional ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes ob17 servation, applied research, and weather 

18 forecasting needs.’’. 

19 (2) AVAILABILITY OF DATA.—Section 

20 12304(b)(3) of such Act (33 U.S.C. 3603(b)(3)) is 

21 amended by inserting ‘‘for research and for use in 

22 the development of products to address societal 

23 needs’’ before the period at the end. 

24 (b) POLICY OVERSIGHT, ADMINISTRATION, AND RE25 GIONAL COORDINATION.—Section 12304(c) of the InteVerDate Sep 11 2014 04:22 Apr 04, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S914.IS S914

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1 grated Coastal and Ocean Observation System Act of 

2 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3603(c)) is amended by striking para3 graphs (2), (3), and (4), and inserting the following: 

4 ‘‘(2) INTERAGENCY OCEAN OBSERVATION COM5 MITTEE.— 

6 ‘‘(A) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Council shall 

7 establish or designate a committee, which shall 

8 be known as the Interagency Ocean Observation 

9 Committee. 

10 ‘‘(B) DUTIES.—The Interagency Ocean 

11 Observation Committee shall— 

12 ‘‘(i) prepare annual and long-term 

13 plans for consideration and approval by the 

14 Council for the integrated design, oper15 ation, maintenance, enhancement, and ex16 pansion of the System to meet the objec17 tives of this subtitle and the System Plan; 

18 ‘‘(ii) develop and transmit to Con19 gress, along with the budget submitted by 

20 the President to Congress pursuant to sec21 tion 1105(a) of title 31, United States 

22 Code, an annual coordinated, comprehen23 sive budget— 


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1 ‘‘(I) to operate all elements of 

2 the System identified in subsection 

3 (b); and 

4 ‘‘(II) to ensure continuity of data 

5 streams from Federal and non-Fed6 eral assets; 

7 ‘‘(iii) establish requirements for obser8 vation data variables to be gathered by 

9 both Federal and non-Federal assets and 

10 identify, in consultation with regional 

11 coastal observing systems, priorities for 

12 System observations; 

13 ‘‘(iv) establish and define protocols 

14 and standards for System data processing, 

15 management, collection, configuration 

16 standards, formats, and communication for 

17 new and existing assets throughout the 

18 System network; 

19 ‘‘(v) develop contract requirements for 

20 each regional coastal observing system— 

21 ‘‘(I) to establish eligibility for in22 tegration into the System; 

23 ‘‘(II) to ensure compliance with 

24 all applicable standards and protocols 

25 established by the Council; and 


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1 ‘‘(III) to ensure that regional ob2 servations are integrated into the Sys3 tem on a sustained basis; 

4 ‘‘(vi) identify gaps in observation cov5 erage or needs for capital improvements of 

6 both Federal assets and non-Federal as7 sets; 

8 ‘‘(vii) subject to the availability of ap9 propriations, establish through 1 or more 

10 Federal agencies participating in the Inter11 agency Ocean Observation Committee, in 

12 consultation with the System advisory com13 mittee established under subsection (d), a 

14 competitive matching grant or other pro15 grams— 

16 ‘‘(I) to promote intramural and 

17 extramural research and development 

18 of new, innovative, and emerging ob19 servation technologies including test20 ing and field trials; and 

21 ‘‘(II) to facilitate the migration 

22 of new, innovative, and emerging sci23 entific and technological advances 

24 from research and development to 

25 operational deployment; 


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1 ‘‘(viii) periodically— 

2 ‘‘(I) review the System Plan; and 

3 ‘‘(II) submit to the Council such 

4 recommendations as the Interagency 

5 Ocean Observation Committee may 

6 have for improvements to the System 

7 Plan; 

8 ‘‘(ix) ensure collaboration among Fed9 eral agencies participating in the Inter10 agency Ocean Observation Committee; and 

11 ‘‘(x) perform such additional duties as 

12 the Council may delegate. 

13 ‘‘(3) LEAD FEDERAL AGENCY.— 

14 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The National Oceanic 

15 and Atmospheric Administration shall function 

16 as the lead Federal agency for the implementa17 tion and administration of the System. 

18 ‘‘(B) CONSULTATION REQUIRED.—In car19 rying out this paragraph, the Administrator 

20 shall consult with the Council, the Interagency 

21 Ocean Observation Committee, other Federal 

22 agencies that maintain portions of the System, 

23 and the regional coastal observing systems. 

24 ‘‘(C) REQUIREMENTS.—In carrying out 

25 this paragraph, the Administrator shall— 


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1 ‘‘(i) establish and operate an Inte2 grated Ocean Observing System Program 

3 Office within the National Oceanic and At4 mospheric Administration that— 

5 ‘‘(I) utilizes, to the extent nec6 essary, personnel from Federal agen7 cies participating in the Interagency 

8 Ocean Observation Committee; and 

9 ‘‘(II) oversees daily operations 

10 and coordination of the System; 

11 ‘‘(ii) implement policies, protocols, 

12 and standards approved by the Council 

13 and delegated by the Interagency Ocean 

14 Observation Committee; 

15 ‘‘(iii) promulgate program guide16 lines— 

17 ‘‘(I) to certify and integrate re18 gional associations into the System; 

19 and 

20 ‘‘(II) to provide regional coastal 

21 and ocean observation data that meet 

22 the needs of user groups from the re23 spective regions; 

24 ‘‘(iv) have the authority to enter into 

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1 operative agreements with non-Federal as2 sets, including regional coastal observing 

3 systems, to support the purposes of this 

4 subtitle on such terms as the Adminis5 trator deems appropriate; 

6 ‘‘(v) implement and maintain a merit7 based, competitive funding process to sup8 port non-Federal assets, including the de9 velopment and maintenance of a national 

10 network of regional coastal observing sys11 tems, and develop and implement a process 

12 for the periodic review and evaluation of 

13 the regional associations; 

14 ‘‘(vi) provide opportunities for com15 petitive contracts and grants for dem16 onstration projects to design, develop, inte17 grate, deploy, maintain, and support com18 ponents of the System; 

19 ‘‘(vii) establish and maintain efficient 

20 and effective administrative procedures for 

21 the timely allocation of funds among con22 tractors, grantees, and non-Federal assets, 

23 including regional coastal observing sys24 tems; 


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1 ‘‘(viii) develop and implement a proc2 ess for the periodic review and evaluation 

3 of the regional coastal observing systems; 

4 ‘‘(ix) formulate an annual process by 

5 which gaps in observation coverage or 

6 needs for capital improvements of Federal 

7 assets and non-Federal assets of the Sys8 tem are— 

9 ‘‘(I) identified by the regional as10 sociations described in the System 

11 plan, the Administrator, or other 

12 members of the System; and 

13 ‘‘(II) submitted to the Inter14 agency Ocean Observation Committee; 

15 ‘‘(x) develop and be responsible for a 

16 data management and communication sys17 tem, in accordance with standards and 

18 protocols established by the Interagency 

19 Ocean Observation Committee, by which 

20 all data collected by the System regarding 

21 ocean and coastal waters of the United 

22 States including the Great Lakes, are proc23 essed, stored, integrated, and made avail24 able to all end-user communities; 


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1 ‘‘(xi) not less frequently than once 

2 each year, submit to the Interagency 

3 Ocean Observation Committee a report on 

4 the accomplishments, operational needs, 

5 and performance of the System to con6 tribute to the annual and long-term plans 

7 prepared pursuant to paragraph (2)(B)(i); 

8 ‘‘(xii) develop and periodically update 

9 a plan to efficiently integrate into the Sys10 tem new, innovative, or emerging tech11 nologies that have been demonstrated to be 

12 useful to the System and which will fulfill 

13 the purposes of this subtitle and the Sys14 tem Plan; and 

15 ‘‘(xiii) work with users and regional 

16 associations to develop products to enable 

17 real-time data sharing for decision makers, 

18 including with respect to weather fore19 casting and modeling, search and rescue 

20 operations, corrosive seawater forecasts, 

21 water quality monitoring and communica22 tion, and harmful algal bloom forecasting. 

23 ‘‘(4) REGIONAL COASTAL OBSERVING SYS24 TEMS.— 


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1 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—A regional coastal ob2 serving system described in the System Plan as 

3 a regional association may not be certified or 

4 established under this subtitle unless it— 

5 ‘‘(i) has been or shall be certified or 

6 established by contract or agreement by 

7 the Administrator; 

8 ‘‘(ii) meets— 

9 ‘‘(I) the certification standards 

10 and compliance procedure guidelines 

11 issued by the Administrator; and 

12 ‘‘(II) the information needs of 

13 user groups in the region while adher14 ing to national standards; 

15 ‘‘(iii) demonstrates an organizational 

16 structure, that under funding limitations is 

17 capable of— 

18 ‘‘(I) gathering required System 

19 observation data; 

20 ‘‘(II) supporting and integrating 

21 all aspects of coastal and ocean ob22 serving and information programs 

23 within a region; and 

24 ‘‘(III) reflecting the needs of 

25 State, local, and tribal governments, 


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1 commercial interests, and other users 

2 and beneficiaries of the System and 

3 other requirements specified under 

4 this subtitle and the System Plan; 

5 ‘‘(iv) identifies— 

6 ‘‘(I) gaps in observation coverage 

7 needs for capital improvements of 

8 Federal assets and non-Federal assets 

9 of the System; and 

10 ‘‘(II) other recommendations to 

11 assist in the development of the an12 nual and long-term plans prepared 

13 pursuant to paragraph (2)(B)(i) and 

14 transmits such information to the 

15 Interagency Ocean Observation Com16 mittee through the Program Office es17 tablished under paragraph (3)(C)(i); 

18 ‘‘(v) develops and operates under a 

19 strategic plan that will ensure the efficient 

20 and effective administration of programs 

21 and assets to support daily data observa22 tions for integration into the System, pur23 suant to the standards approved by the 

24 Council; 


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1 ‘‘(vi) works cooperatively with govern2 mental and nongovernmental entities at all 

3 levels to identify and provide information 

4 products of the System for multiple users 

5 within the service area of the regional 

6 coastal observing system; and 

7 ‘‘(vii) complies with all financial over8 sight requirements established by the Ad9 ministrator, including requirements relat10 ing to audits. 

11 ‘‘(B) PARTICIPATION.—For the purposes 

12 of this subtitle, employees of Federal agencies 

13 are permitted to be members of the governing 

14 body for the regional coastal observing systems 

15 and may participate in the functions of the re16 gional coastal ocean observing systems.’’. 

17 (c) SYSTEM ADVISORY COMMITTEE.—Section 

18 12304(d) of the Integrated Coastal and Ocean Observa19 tion System Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3603(d)) is amend20 ed— 

21 (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘or the Inter22 agency Ocean Observing Committee.’’ and inserting 

23 ‘‘or the Council under this subtitle’’; and 

24 (2) in paragraph (2)— 


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1 (A) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ‘‘, 

2 data sharing,’’ after ‘‘data management’’; 

3 (B) in subparagraph (C), by striking 

4 ‘‘and’’ at the end; 

5 (C) by striking subparagraph (D) and in6 serting the following: 

7 ‘‘(D) additional priorities, including— 

8 ‘‘(i) a national surface current map9 ping network designed to improve fine 

10 scale sea surface mapping using high fre11 quency radar technology and other emerg12 ing technologies to address national prior13 ities, including Coast Guard search and 

14 rescue operation planning and harmful 

15 algal bloom forecasting and detection 

16 that— 

17 ‘‘(I) is comprised of existing high 

18 frequency radar and other sea surface 

19 current mapping infrastructure oper20 ated by national programs and re21 gional coastal observing systems; 

22 ‘‘(II) incorporates new high fre23 quency radar assets or other fine scale 

24 sea surface mapping technology as25 sets, and other assets needed to fill 


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1 gaps in coverage on United States 

2 coastlines; and 

3 ‘‘(III) follows a deployment plan 

4 that prioritizes closing gaps in high 

5 frequency radar infrastructure in the 

6 United States, starting with areas 

7 demonstrating significant sea surface 

8 current data needs, especially in areas 

9 where additional data will improve 

10 Coast Guard search and rescue mod11 els; 

12 ‘‘(ii) fleet acquisition for unmanned 

13 maritime systems for deployment and data 

14 integration to fulfill the purposes of this 

15 subtitle; 

16 ‘‘(iii) an integrative survey program 

17 for application of unmanned maritime sys18 tems to the real-time or near real-time col19 lection and transmission of sea floor, water 

20 column, and sea surface data on biology, 

21 chemistry, geology, physics, and hydrog22 raphy; 

23 ‘‘(iv) remote sensing and data assimi24 lation to develop new analytical methodoloVerDate Sep 11 2014 04:22 Apr 04, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S914.IS S914

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1 gies to assimilate data from the System 

2 into hydrodynamic models; 

3 ‘‘(v) integrated, multi-State moni4 toring to assess sources, movement, and 

5 fate of sediments in coastal regions; and 

6 ‘‘(vi) a multi-region marine sound 

7 monitoring system to be— 

8 ‘‘(I) planned in consultation with 

9 the Interagency Ocean Observation 

10 Committee, the National Oceanic and 

11 Atmospheric Administration, the De12 partment of the Navy, and academic 

13 research institutions; and 

14 ‘‘(II) developed, installed, and op15 erated in coordination with the Na16 tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad17 ministration, the Department of the 

18 Navy, and academic research institu19 tions; and 

20 ‘‘(E) any other purpose identified by the 

21 Administrator or the Council.’’; 

22 (D) in paragraph (3)(B), by inserting 

23 ‘‘The Administrator may stagger the terms of 

24 the System advisory committee members.’’ be25 fore ‘‘Members’’; and 


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1 (E) in paragraph (4)— 

2 (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 

3 ‘‘and the Interagency Ocean Observing 

4 Committee’’; and 

5 (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking 

6 ‘‘Observing’’ and inserting ‘‘Observation’’. 

7 (d) CIVIL LIABILITY.—Section 12304(e) of the Inte8 grated Coastal and Ocean Observation System Act of 

9 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3603(e)) is amended— 

10 (1) by striking ‘‘information coordination enti11 ty’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘coastal ob12 serving system’’; and 

13 (2) by striking ‘‘contract, lease, grant, or coop14 erative agreement under subsection (c)(3)(D)’’ and 

15 inserting ‘‘a memorandum of agreement of certifi16 cation under subsection (c)(3)(C)(iii)’’. 

17 (e) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—The Integrated 

18 Coastal and Ocean Observation System Act of 2009 (33 

19 U.S.C. 3601 et seq.) is amended by striking ‘‘regional in20 formation coordination entities’’ each place it appears and 

21 inserting ‘‘regional ocean observing systems’’. 

22 SEC. 104. FINANCING AND AGREEMENTS. 

23 Section 12305(a) of the Integrated Coastal and 

24 Ocean Observation System Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 

25 3604(a)) is amended to read as follows: 


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1 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Commerce may 

2 execute an agreement, on a reimbursable or nonreimburs3 able basis, with any State or subdivision thereof, any Fed4 eral agency, any public or private organization, or any in5 dividual to carry out activities under this subtitle.’’. 

6 SEC. 105. REPORTS TO CONGRESS. 

7 Section 12307 of the Integrated Coastal and Ocean 

8 Observation System Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3606) is 

9 amended to read as follows: 

10 ‘‘SEC. 12307. REPORT TO CONGRESS. 

11 ‘‘(a) REQUIREMENT.—Not later than 2 years after 

12 March 30, 2020, and every 5 years thereafter, the Admin13 istrator shall prepare, and the President acting through 

14 the Council shall approve and transmit to Congress, a re15 port on progress made in implementing this subtitle. 

16 ‘‘(b) CONTENTS.—Each report required under sub17 section (a) shall include— 

18 ‘‘(1) a description of activities carried out under 

19 this subtitle and the System Plan; 

20 ‘‘(2) an evaluation of the effectiveness of the 

21 System, including an evaluation of progress made by 

22 the Council to achieve the goals identified under the 

23 System Plan; 

24 ‘‘(3) the identification of Federal and non-Fed25 eral assets as determined by the Council that have 


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1 been integrated into the System, including assets es2 sential to the gathering of required observation data 

3 variables necessary to meet the respective missions 

4 of Council agencies; 

5 ‘‘(4) a review of procurements, planned or initi6 ated, by each department or agency represented on 

7 the Council to enhance, expand, or modernize the 

8 observation capabilities and data products provided 

9 by the System, including data management and 

10 communication subsystems; 

11 ‘‘(5) a summary of the existing gaps in observa12 tion infrastructure and monitoring data collection, 

13 including— 

14 ‘‘(A) priorities considered by the System 

15 advisory committee; 

16 ‘‘(B) the national sea surface current map17 ping network; 

18 ‘‘(C) coastal buoys; 

19 ‘‘(D) ocean chemistry monitoring; 

20 ‘‘(E) marine sound monitoring; and 

21 ‘‘(F) unmanned maritime systems tech22 nology gaps; 

23 ‘‘(6) an assessment regarding activities to inte24 grate Federal and non-Federal assets, nationally and 

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1 ance and effectiveness of regional coastal observing 

2 systems to coordinate regional observation oper3 ations; 

4 ‘‘(7) a description of benefits of the program to 

5 users of data products resulting from the System 

6 (including the general public, industries, scientists, 

7 resource managers, emergency responders, policy 

8 makers, and educators); 

9 ‘‘(8) recommendations concerning— 

10 ‘‘(A) modifications to the System; and 

11 ‘‘(B) funding levels for the System in sub12 sequent fiscal years; and 

13 ‘‘(9) the results of a periodic external inde14 pendent programmatic audit of the System.’’. 

15 SEC. 106. PUBLIC-PRIVATE USE POLICY. 

16 Section 12308 of the Integrated Coastal and Ocean 

17 Observation System Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3607) is 

18 amended to read as follows: 

19 ‘‘SEC. 12308. PUBLIC-PRIVATE USE POLICY. 

20 ‘‘The Council shall maintain a policy that defines 

21 processes for making decisions about the roles of the Fed22 eral Government, the States, regional coastal observing 

23 systems, the academic community, and the private sector 

24 in providing to end-user communities environmental infor25 mation, products, technologies, and services related to the 


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1 System. The Administrator shall ensure that National 

2 Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration adheres to the 

3 decision making process developed by the Council regard4 ing the roles of the Federal Government, the States, the 

5 regional coastal observing systems, the academic commu6 nity, and the private sector in providing end-user commu7 nities environmental information, data products, tech8 nologies, and services related to the System.’’. 

9 SEC. 107. REPEAL OF INDEPENDENT COST ESTIMATE. 

10 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Integrated Coastal and 

11 Ocean Observation System Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3601 

12 et seq.) is amended by striking section 12309 (33 U.S.C. 

13 3608). 

14 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS AMENDMENT.—The table 

15 of contents in section 1(b) of the Omnibus Public Land 

16 Management Act of 2009 (Public Law 111–11; 123 Stat. 

17 991) is amended by striking the item related to section 

18 12309. 

19 SEC. 108. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

20 Section 12311 of the Integrated Coastal and Ocean 

21 Observation System Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3610) is 

22 amended to read as follows: 

23 ‘‘SEC. 12311. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

24 ‘‘To fulfill the purposes set forth in section 12302 

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1 nated System budget developed by the Interagency Ocean 

2 Observation Committee, there are authorized to be appro3 priated to the Secretary of Commerce— 

4 ‘‘(1) $54,900,000 for fiscal year 2020; 

5 ‘‘(2) $61,600,000 for fiscal year 2021; 

6 ‘‘(3) $68,300,000 for fiscal year 2022; 

7 ‘‘(4) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; and 

8 ‘‘(5) $81,700,000 for fiscal year 2024.’’. 

9 SEC. 109. REPORTS AND RESEARCH PLANS. 

10 Section 12404(c) of the Federal Ocean Acidification 

11 Research And Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 

12 3703(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following: 

13 ‘‘(4) ECONOMIC VULNERABILITY REPORT.— 

14 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 2 years 

15 after the date of the enactment of the Coordi16 nated Ocean Monitoring and Research Act, and 

17 every 6 years thereafter, the Subcommittee 

18 shall transmit to the appropriate committees of 

19 Congress a report that— 

20 ‘‘(i) is named the ‘Ocean Chemistry 

21 Coastal Community Vulnerability Assess22 ment’; 

23 ‘‘(ii) identifies gaps in ocean acidifica24 tion monitoring by public, academic, and 


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1 private assets in the network of regional 

2 coastal observing systems; 

3 ‘‘(iii) identifies geographic areas which 

4 have gaps in ocean acidification research; 

5 ‘‘(iv) identifies United States coastal 

6 communities, including fishing commu7 nities, low-population rural communities, 

8 tribal and subsistence communities, and is9 land communities, that may be impacted 

10 by ocean acidification; 

11 ‘‘(v) identifies impacts of changing 

12 ocean carbonate chemistry on the commu13 nities described in clause (iv), including 

14 impacts from changes in ocean and coastal 

15 marine resources that are not managed by 

16 the Federal Government; 

17 ‘‘(vi) identifies gaps in understanding 

18 of the impacts of ocean acidification on 

19 economically or commercially important 

20 species, particularly those which support 

21 United States commercial, recreational, 

22 and tribal fisheries and aquaculture; 

23 ‘‘(vii) identifies habitats that may be 

24 particularly vulnerable to corrosive sea 

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1 tiple stressors such as hypoxia, sedimenta2 tion, and harmful algal blooms; 

3 ‘‘(viii) identifies areas in which exist4 ing National Integrated Coastal and Ocean 

5 Observation System assets, including un6 manned maritime systems, may be lever7 aged as platforms for the deployment of 

8 new sensors or other applicable observing 

9 technologies; and 

10 ‘‘(ix) is written in collaboration with 

11 the agencies responsible for carrying out 

12 this subtitle. 

13 ‘‘(B) FORM OF REPORT.— 

14 ‘‘(i) INITIAL REPORT.—The initial re15 port required under subparagraph (A) 

16 shall include the information described in 

17 clauses (i) through (ix) on a national level. 

18 ‘‘(ii) SUBSEQUENT REPORTS.—Each 

19 report required under subparagraph (A) 

20 after the initial report— 

21 ‘‘(I) may describe the informa22 tion described in clauses (i) through 

23 (ix) on a national level; or 

24 ‘‘(II) may consist of separate re25 ports for each region of the National 


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1 Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra2 tion. 

3 ‘‘(iii) REGIONAL REPORTS.—If the 

4 Subcommittee opts to prepare a report re5 quired under subparagraph (A) as separate 

6 regional reports under clause (ii)(II), the 

7 Subcommittee shall submit a report for 

8 each region of the National Oceanic and 

9 Atmospheric Administration not less fre10 quently than once during each 6-year re11 porting period. 

12 ‘‘(C) APPROPRIATE COMMITTEES OF CON13 GRESS DEFINED.—In this paragraph and in 

14 paragraph (5), the term ‘appropriate commit15 tees of Congress’ means the Committee on 

16 Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 

17 Senate, the Committee on Science, Space, and 

18 Technology of the House of Representatives, 

19 and the Committee on Natural Resources of the 

20 House of Representatives. 

21 ‘‘(5) MONITORING PRIORITIZATION PLAN.—Not 

22 later than 180 days after the date of the submission 

23 of the initial report under paragraph (4)(A), the 

24 Subcommittee shall transmit to the appropriate com25 mittees of Congress a report that develops a plan to 


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1 deploy new sensors or other applicable observing 

2 technologies such as unmanned maritime systems— 

3 ‘‘(A) based on such initial report; 

4 ‘‘(B) prioritized by— 

5 ‘‘(i) the threat to coastal economies 

6 and ecosystems; 

7 ‘‘(ii) gaps in data; and 

8 ‘‘(iii) research needs; and 

9 ‘‘(C) that leverage existing platforms, 

10 where possible.’’. 

11 SEC. 110. STRATEGIC RESEARCH PLAN. 

12 (a) CONTENTS.—Section 12405(b) of the Federal 

13 Ocean Acidification Research And Monitoring Act of 2009 

14 (33 U.S.C. 3704(b)) is amended— 

15 (1) in paragraph (8), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 

16 end; 

17 (2) in paragraph (9), by striking the period at 

18 the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 

19 (3) by adding at the end the following: 

20 ‘‘(10) make recommendations for research to be 

21 conducted, including in the social sciences and eco22 nomics, to address the key knowledge gaps identified 

23 in the Ocean Chemistry Coastal Community Vulner24 ability Assessment conducted under section 

25 12404(c)(4).’’. 


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1 (b) PROGRAM ELEMENTS.—Section 12405(c) of the 

2 Federal Ocean Acidification Research And Monitoring Act 

3 of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3704(c)) is amended by adding at the 

4 end the following: 

5 ‘‘(6) Research to understand the combined im6 pact of changes in ocean chemistry and other 

7 stressors, including sediment delivery, hypoxia, and 

8 harmful algal blooms, on each other and on living 

9 marine resources, including aquaculture and coastal 

10 ecosystems. 

11 ‘‘(7) Applied research to identify adaptation 

12 strategies for species impacted by changes in ocean 

13 chemistry including vegetation-based systems, shell 

14 recycling, species and genetic diversity, applied tech15 nologies, aquaculture methodologies, and manage16 ment recommendations.’’. 

17 (c) REVISED STRATEGIC RESEARCH PLAN.—Not 

18 later than one year after the date of the enactment of this 

19 Act, the Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Tech20 nology of the National Science and Technology Council 

21 shall submit to Congress a revised strategic research plan 

22 under section 12405 of the Federal Ocean Acidification 

23 Research And Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3704) 

24 that includes the matters required by the amendments 

25 made by this section. 


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1 SEC. 111. STAKEHOLDER INPUT ON MONITORING. 

2 Section 12406(a) of the Federal Ocean Acidification 

3 Research And Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 

4 3705(a)) is amended— 

5 (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the 

6 end; 

7 (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at 

8 the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 

9 (3) by adding at the end the following: 

10 ‘‘(4) includes an ongoing mechanism that allows 

11 industry, coastal stakeholders, fishery management 

12 councils and commissions, non-Federal resource 

13 managers, and scientific experts to provide input on 

14 monitoring needs that are necessary to support on 

15 the ground management, decision making, and adap16 tation related to ocean acidification.’’. 

17 SEC. 112. RESEARCH ACTIVITIES. 

18 Section 12407(a) of the Federal Ocean Acidification 

19 Research And Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 

20 3706(a)) is amended to read as follows: 

21 ‘‘(a) RESEARCH ACTIVITIES.—The Director of the 

22 National Science Foundation shall continue to carry out 

23 research activities on ocean acidification which shall sup24 port competitive, merit-based, peer-reviewed proposals for 

25 research, observation, and monitoring of ocean acidifica26 tion and its impacts, including— 


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1 ‘‘(1) impacts on marine organisms, including 

2 species cultured for aquaculture, and marine eco3 systems; 

4 ‘‘(2) impacts on ocean, coastal, and estuarine 

5 biogeochemistry; 

6 ‘‘(3) the development of methodologies and 

7 technologies to evaluate ocean acidification and its 

8 impacts; and 

9 ‘‘(4) impacts of multiple stressors on eco10 systems exhibiting hypoxia, harmful algal blooms, or 

11 sediment delivery, combined with changes in ocean 

12 chemistry.’’. 

13 TITLE II—NAMED STORM EVENT 

14 MODEL AND POST-STORM AS15 SESSMENTS 

16 SEC. 201. NAMED STORM EVENT MODEL AND POST-STORM 

17 ASSESSMENTS. 

18 (a) AMENDMENTS TO THE OMNIBUS PUBLIC LAND

19 MANAGEMENT ACT OF 2009.—Section 12312 of the Om20 nibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 

21 3611) is amended— 

22 (1) in subsection (a)— 

23 (A) in paragraph (2), by striking the pe24 riod at the end and inserting the following: ‘‘, 

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1 spect to a State or territory that has an oper2 ational wind and flood loss allocation system.’’; 

3 (B) in paragraph (6), by inserting ‘‘sus4 tained’’ before ‘‘winds’’; and 

5 (C) in paragraph (7), by striking ‘‘that 

6 threaten any portion of a coastal State’’ and in7 serting ‘‘for which post-storm assessments are 

8 conducted’’; 

9 (2) in subsection (b)— 

10 (A) in paragraph (1)— 

11 (i) in subparagraph (A)— 

12 (I) by striking ‘‘540 days after 

13 the date of the enactment of the Con14 sumer Option for an Alternative Sys15 tem to Allocate Losses Act of 2012’’ 

16 and inserting ‘‘December 31, 2019’’; 

17 and 

18 (II) by striking ‘‘by regulation’’; 

19 (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 

20 ‘‘every’’ and inserting ‘‘an’’; and 

21 (iii) by adding at the end the fol22 lowing: 

23 ‘‘(C) PUBLIC REVIEW.—The Administrator 

24 shall seek input and suggestions from the public 

25 before the Named Storm Event Model, or any 


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1 modification to the Named Storm Event Model, 

2 takes effect.’’; and 

3 (B) in paragraph (2)— 

4 (i) by redesignating subparagraphs 

5 (B) and (C) as subparagraphs (D) and 

6 (E), respectively; 

7 (ii) by inserting after subparagraph 

8 (A) the following: 

9 ‘‘(B) DATA COLLECTION.— 

10 ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—Upon identifica11 tion of a named storm under subparagraph 

12 (A), and pursuant to the protocol estab13 lished under subsection (c), the Adminis14 trator may deploy sensors to enhance the 

15 collection of covered data in the areas in 

16 coastal States that the Administrator de17 termines are at the highest risk of experi18 encing geophysical events that would cause 

19 indeterminate losses. 

20 ‘‘(ii) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—If 

21 the Administrator takes action under 

22 clause (i), that action may not be con23 strued as indicating that a post-storm as24 sessment will be developed for any coastal 

25 State in which that action is taken. 


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1 ‘‘(C) IDENTIFICATION OF INDETERMINATE

2 LOSSES IN COASTAL STATES.—Not later than 

3 30 days after the first date on which sustained 

4 winds of not less than 39 miles per hour are 

5 measured in a coastal State during a named 

6 storm identified under subparagraph (A), the 

7 Secretary of Homeland Security shall notify the 

8 Administrator with respect to the existence of 

9 any indeterminate losses in that coastal State 

10 resulting from that named storm.’’; 

11 (iii) in subparagraph (D), as so redes12 ignated— 

13 (I) by striking ‘‘identification of 

14 a named storm under subparagraph 

15 (A)’’ and inserting ‘‘confirmation of 

16 indeterminate losses identified under 

17 subparagraph (C) with respect to a 

18 named storm’’; and 

19 (II) by striking ‘‘assessment for 

20 such named storm’’ and inserting ‘‘as21 sessment for each coastal State that 

22 suffered such indeterminate losses as 

23 a result of the named storm’’; 

24 (iv) in subparagraph (E), as so redes25 ignated— 


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1 (I) by striking ‘‘an identification 

2 of a named storm is made under sub3 paragraph (A)’’ and inserting ‘‘any in4 determinate losses are identified 

5 under subparagraph (C)’’; and 

6 (II) by striking ‘‘for such storm 

7 under subparagraph (B)’’ and insert8 ing ‘‘under subparagraph (D) for any 

9 coastal State that suffered such inde10 terminate losses’’; and 

11 (v) by adding at the end the following: 

12 ‘‘(F) SEPARATE POST-STORM ASSESS13 MENTS FOR A SINGLE NAMED STORM.— 

14 ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator 

15 may conduct a separate post-storm assess16 ment for each coastal State in which inde17 terminate losses are identified under sub18 paragraph (C). 

19 ‘‘(ii) TIMELINE.—If the Administrator 

20 conducts a separate post-storm assessment 

21 under clause (i), the Administrator shall 

22 complete the assessment based on the 

23 dates of actions that the Administrator 

24 takes under subparagraphs (C) and (D).’’; 

25 and 


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1 (3) in subsection (c)— 

2 (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘540 

3 days after the date of the enactment of the 

4 Consumer Option for an Alternative System to 

5 Allocate Losses Act of 2012’’ and inserting 

6 ‘‘December 31, 2019’’; 

7 (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ‘‘, in the 

8 discretion of the Administrator,’’ after ‘‘of sen9 sors as may’’; and 

10 (C) in paragraph (4)(B), by inserting ‘‘and 

11 expend’’ after ‘‘receive’’. 

12 (b) AMENDMENTS TO THE NATIONAL FLOOD INSUR13 ANCE ACT OF 1968.—Section 1337 of the National Flood 

14 Insurance Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 4057) is amended— 

15 (1) in subsection (a)— 

16 (A) in paragraph (3), by striking the pe17 riod at the end and inserting the following: ‘‘, 

18 except that the term shall not apply with re19 spect to a State or territory that has an oper20 ational wind and flood loss allocation system.’’; 

21 and 

22 (B) in paragraph (5), by inserting ‘‘sus23 tained’’ after ‘‘maximum’’; 

24 (2) in subsection (b)— 


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1 (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘estab2 lish by rule’’ and inserting ‘‘publish for com3 ment in the Federal Register’’; and 

4 (B) in paragraph (2)(B), by inserting after 

5 ‘‘Elevation Certificate’’ the following: ‘‘, or 

6 other data or information used to determine a 

7 property’s current risk of flood, as determined 

8 by the Administrator,’’; 

9 (3) in subsection (c)(3)(A)(i), by striking ‘‘the 

10 issuance of the rule establishing the COASTAL For11 mula’’ and inserting ‘‘publication of the COASTAL 

12 Formula in the Federal Register as required by sub13 section (b)(1)’’; 

14 (4) in subsection (h)— 

15 (A) by inserting ‘‘that issues a standard 

16 flood insurance policy under the national flood 

17 insurance program’’ after ‘‘company’’; and 

18 (B) by striking ‘‘or the COASTAL For19 mula’’ and inserting ‘‘, the COASTAL For20 mula, or any other loss allocation or post-storm 

21 assessment arising under the laws or ordinances 

22 of any State’’; 

23 (5) in subsection (i), by striking ‘‘after the date 

24 on which the Administrator issues the rule estab25 lishing the COASTAL Formula under subsection 


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1 (b)’’ and inserting ‘‘60 days after publication of the 

2 COASTAL Formula in the Federal Register as re3 quired by subsection (b)(1)’’; and 

4 (6) by adding at the end the following: 

5 ‘‘(k) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this sec6 tion shall be construed to create a cause of action under 

7 this Act.’’. 

8 TITLE III—WATER PREDICTION 

9 AND FORECASTING 

10 SEC. 301. WATER PREDICTION AND FORECASTING. 

11 (a) NATIONAL WATER CENTER.— 

12 (1) ESTABLISHMENT.— 

13 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Under Secretary of 

14 Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere shall es15 tablish a center— 

16 (i) to serve as the research and oper17 ational center of excellence for hydrologic 

18 analyses, forecasting, and related decision 

19 support services within the National Oce20 anic and Atmospheric Administration and 

21 the National Weather Service; and 

22 (ii) to facilitate collaboration across 

23 Federal and State departments and agen24 cies, academia, and the private sector on 

25 matters relating to water resources. 


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1 (B) DESIGNATION.—The center estab2 lished under subparagraph (A) shall be known 

3 as the ‘‘National Water Center’’. 

4 (2) FUNCTIONS.—The functions of the National 

5 Water Center shall include the following: 

6 (A) Improving understanding of water re7 sources, stakeholder needs regarding water re8 sources, and identifying science and services 

9 gaps relating to water resources. 

10 (B) Developing and implementing ad11 vanced water resources modeling capabilities. 

12 (C) Facilitating the transition of hydro13 logic research into operations. 

14 (D) Delivering analyses, forecasts, and in15 undation information and guidance for all hy16 drologic events in the United States, including 

17 flash flooding, riverine flooding, and water re18 sources outlooks. 

19 (E) In coordination with warning coordina20 tion meteorologists, providing decision-support 

21 services to inform emergency management and 

22 water resources decisions. 

23 (b) NATIONAL INSTRUCTIONS.— 

24 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than one year 

25 after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 


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1 Under Secretary, acting through the Director of the 

2 National Weather Service, shall make public an op3 erations and services policy directive for the Na4 tional Water Center. 

5 (2) CONTENTS.—The directive required by 

6 paragraph (1) shall include national instructions to 

7 perform the functions of the National Water Center, 

8 including the following: 

9 (A) Operational staff responsibilities. 

10 (B) Guidelines for content, format, and 

11 provision of hydrologic and inundation products 

12 developed by the National Water Center. 

13 (C) Procedures for cooperation and coordi14 nation between the National Water Center, the 

15 National Weather Service National Centers for 

16 Environmental Prediction, National Weather 

17 Service River Forecast Centers, and National 

18 Weather Service Weather Forecast Offices. 

19 (c) TOTAL WATER PREDICTION.—The Under Sec20 retary, acting through the Director of the Office of Water 

21 Prediction of the National Weather Service, shall— 

22 (1) initiate and lead research and development 

23 activities to develop operational water resource pre24 diction and related decision support products; 


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1 (2) collaborate with, and provide decision sup2 port regarding total water prediction to— 

3 (A) the relevant Federal agencies rep4 resented on the National Science and Tech5 nology Council, Committee on Environment, 

6 Natural Resources, and Sustainability and the 

7 Subcommittee on Disaster Reduction; 

8 (B) State water resource agencies; and 

9 (C) State and local emergency manage10 ment agencies; and 

11 (3) in carrying out the responsibilities described 

12 in paragraphs (1) and (2), collaboratively develop 

13 capabilities necessary for total water predictive ca14 pacity, including observations, modeling, data man15 agement, supercomputing, social science, and com16 munications. 

17 (d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There 

18 are authorized to be appropriated to carry out the activi19 ties under this section amounts as follows: 

20 (1) $44,000,000 for fiscal year 2020. 

21 (2) $44,500,000 for fiscal year 2021. 

22 (3) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2022. 

23 (4) $45,500,000 for fiscal year 2023. 

24 (5) $46,000,000 for fiscal year 2024. 


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1 (e) DERIVATION OF FUNDS.—Amounts made avail2 able to carry out this section shall be derived from 

3 amounts appropriated or otherwise made available to the 

4 National Weather Service and the National Ocean Service. 

Æ 


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