# Control Techniques Guidelines for

Miscellaneous Metal and Plastic Parts
Coatings

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# 3 EPA-453/R-08-003
September 2008



# Control Techniques Guidelines

for Miscellaneous Metal and
Plastic Parts Coatings

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Sector Policies and Programs Division
Research Triangle Park, NC

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# i TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. Introduction

................................................... ................................................... .........1
II. Background and Overview

................................................... ....................................2
III. Applicability

................................................... ................................................... ........3
IV. Process Description and Sources of VOC Emission s .............................................5
A. Process Description.............................

................................................... .........7
1. Surface Preparation............................. ................................................8
2. Coating Application............................. ...............................................9
3. Cleaning activities............................. ................................................11

B. Sources of VOC Emissions.......................

................................................... .11

1. Coatings ........................................

................................................... .12
2. Cleaning Materials.............................. ..............................................13
V. Available Controls and Regulatory Approaches .................................................14

A. Available Controls for VOC Emissions from Coatin gs................................14

1. Pollution Prevention Measures ................... ......................................14
2. Emission Capture and Add-on Control Systems ..... .........................15

B. Available Controls for VOC Emissions from Cleani ng Materials ...............18

1. Product Substitution/Reformulation .............. ...................................18

2. Work Practice Procedures........................ .........................................18
C. Existing Federal, State, and Local Recommendatio ns or Regulations .........19
1. The 1978 CTG for Surface Coating of Miscellaneou s Metal Parts and

Products........................................... ..................................................1 9
2. The 1988 NSPS for Surface Coating of Plastic Par ts for Business
Machines (40 CFR 60 subpart TTT)................... ..............................20
3. The 1994 ACT for Surface Coating of Automotive/T ransportation and

Business Machine Plastic Parts..................... ....................................20

4. The 2004 NESHAP for Miscellaneous Metal Parts an d Products....22

5. The 2004 NESHAP for Plastic Parts and Products.. .........................23
6. Existing State and Local VOC Requirements....... ............................24
VI. Recommended Control Options

................................................... .........................27
A. Recommended Option 1 for Reducing Coating Emissi ons: VOC
Content Limits Based on Low-VOC Coatings ......... ....................................33
B. Recommended Option 2 for Reducing VOC Emissions: Emission
Rate Limits Based on Low-VOC Coatings and Add-on C ontrols -
VOC per Volume Solids ............................. ..................................................3 5
C. Recommended Option 3 for Reducing VOC Emissions: Emission
Add-on Controls In Lieu of Low-VOC Coatings and Sp ecified
Application Methods...............................

................................................... ...38
D. Work Practices for Coating-Related Activities... ..........................................38
E. Work Practices for Cleaning Materials.......... ...............................................39
VII. Cost Effectiveness of Recommended Control Opti ons ........................................39

VIII. References

................................................. ..............................................41

# ii LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix A : Cover Page of 1978 CTG for Surface Coating of Mis cellaneous Metal Parts and

Products

Appendix B : Cover Page of 1994 ACT for Surface Coating of Aut omotive/ Transportation and

Business Machine Plastic Parts

Appendix C : Summary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emission s from Metal Parts Coating

Appendix D : Summary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emission s from Plastic Parts Coating

Appendix E: Summary of California Air District Req uirements for VOC Emissions from
Pleasure Craft Surface Coating

Appendix F : Summary of State and Local Requirements for Coati ng Application Equipment

Appendix G : Summary of State and Local Requirements for VOC E missions from Cleaning
Operations

Appendix H : Recommended Coating Category Definitions

# 1 Final Control Techniques Guidelines for
Miscellaneous Metal and Plastic Parts Coatings

I. Introduction

Clean Air Act (CAA) section 172(c)( 1) provides tha t state implementation plans (SIPs)
for nonattainment areas must include “reasonably av ailable control measures” (RACM),
including “reasonably available control technology” (RACT), for sources of emissions. Section
182(b)(2)(A) provides that for certain nonattainmen t areas, States must revise their SIPs to
include RACT for each category of volatile organic compound (VOC) sources covered by a
control techniques guidelines (CTG) document issued between November 15, 1990 and the date

of attainment.

The United States Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA) defines RACT as “the lowest
emission limitation that a particular source is cap able of meeting by the application of control
technology that is reasonably available considering technological and economic feasibility.” 44
FR 53761 (September 17, 1979). In subsequent Feder al Register notices, EPA has addressed
how States can meet the RACT requirements of the CA A.

Clean Air Act section 183(e) directs EPA to list fo r regulation those categories of
products that account for at least 80 percent of th e VOC emissions, on a reactivity-adjusted basis,
from consumer and commercial products in areas that violate the NAAQS for ozone (i.e., ozone
nonattainment areas). EPA issued the list on March 23, 1995, and has revised the list
periodically. See 60 FR 15264 (March 23, 1995); se e also 71 FR 28320 (May 16, 2006), 70 FR
69759 (Nov. 17, 2005); 64 FR 13422 (March 18, 1999 ). Miscellaneous Metal Products
Coatings and Plastic Parts Coatings are included on the current section 183(e) list. For purposes
of this CTG, these two categories are being address ed under a single CTG for “miscellaneous
metal and plastic parts coatings.”

This CTG is intended to provide State and local air pollution control authorities
information that should assist them in determining RACT for VOCs from miscellaneous metal
product and plastic parts surface coating operation s. In developing this CTG, EPA, among other
things, evaluated the sources of VOC emissions from the miscellaneous metal product and
plastic parts surface coating industries and the av ailable control approaches for addressing these
emissions, including the costs of such approaches. Based on available information and data,
EPA provides recommendations for RACT for miscellan eous metal product and plastic parts
surface coating.

States can use the recommendations in this CTG to i nform their own determination as to

what constitutes RACT for VOCs for miscellaneous me tal product and plastic parts surface
coating operations in their particular nonattainmen t areas. The information contained in this
document is provided only as guidance. This guidan ce does not change, or substitute for,
requirements specified in applicable sections of th e CAA or EPA’s regulations; nor is it a
regulation itself. This document does not impose a ny legally binding requirements on any entity.
It provides only recommendations for State and loca l air pollution control agencies to consider in
determining RACT. State and local pollution contro l agencies are free to implement other
technically-sound approaches that are consistent wi th the CAA and EPA’s implementing
regulations.

# 2

The recommendations contained in this CTG are based on data and information currently
available to EPA. These general recommendations ma y not apply to a particular situation based
upon the circumstances of a specific source. Regar dless of whether a State chooses to implement
the recommendations contained herein through State rules, or to issue State rules that adopt
different approaches for RACT for VOCs from miscell aneous metal product and plastic part
coatings, States must submit their RACT rules to EP A for review and approval as part of the SIP

process.

EPA will evaluate the rules and determine, through notice and comment rulemaking in
the SIP approval process, whether the submitted rul es meet the RACT requirements of the CAA
and EPA’s regulations. To the extent a State adopt s any of the recommendations in this
guidance into its State RACT rules, interested part ies can raise questions and objections about
the substance of this guidance and the appropriaten ess of the application of this guidance to a
particular situation during the development of the State rules and EPA’s SIP approval process.

Clean Air Act section 182(b)(2) requires that a CTG issued between November 15, 1990,
and the date of attainment include the date by whic h States subject to section 182(b) must submit
SIP revisions in response to the CTG. Accordingly, EPA is providing in this CTG a one-year
period for the required submittal. Pursuant to sec tion 182(b)(2), States required to submit rules
consistent with section 182(b) must submit their SI P revisions within one year of the date of
issuance of the final CTG for miscellaneous metal p roduct and plastic part coatings.

II. Background and Overview

There have been five Federal actions that affect mi scellaneous metal product and plastic
parts surface coating operations. In June 1978, EP A issued a CTG document (1978 CTG) for
controlling VOC emissions from surface coating of M iscellaneous Metal Parts and Products. a



# In January 1988, EPA promulgated the new source per formance standards (1988 NSPS) for
Surface Coating of Plastic Parts for Business Machi nes. b 

# In February 1994, EPA issued an
Alternative Control Techniques (ACT) document (1994 ACT) for controlling VOC emissions
from surface coating of automotive/transportation a nd business machine plastic parts. c 

# (The

1978 CTG and the 1994 ACT can be downloaded from EP A’s website at:
http://www.epa.gov/ttn/naaqs/ozone/ctg_act .) The cover pages from the CTG and ACT have
been included as Appendices A and B to this CTG for reference.

In January 2004, EPA promulgated the National Emiss ion Standards for Hazardous Air

Pollutants for Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Produc ts Surface Coating (40 CFR 63, subpart
MMMM). In April 2004, EPA promulgated the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air

Pollutants for Plastic Parts and Products Surface C oating (40 CFR 63, subpart PPPP).

a 

# Guideline Series. Control of Volatile Organic Emis sions from Existing Stationary Sources - Volume
VI: Surface Coating of Miscellaneous Metal Parts an d Products. Publication No. EPA-450/2-78-015.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Tri angle Park, NC. June 1978.

b 

# 40 CFR 60 Subpart TTT – Standards of Performance f or Industrial Surface Coating: Surface Coating of
Plastic Parts for Business Machines. Applicable to affected facilities for which construction,
modification, or reconstruction begins after Januar y 8, 1986.

c 

# Alternative Control Techniques Document: Surface C oating of Automotive/Transportation and Business

Machine Plastic Parts. Publication No. EPA-453/R- 94-017. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Research Triangle Park, NC. February 1994.

# 3

The 1978 CTG, the 1988 NSPS, the 1994 ACT, and the background information for
subparts MMMM and PPPP provide a thorough discussio n of the miscellaneous metal product
and plastic parts surface coating industries, the n ature of VOC and volatile organic HAP

emissions from these industries, available control technologies for addressing such emissions,
the costs of available control options, and other i tems. The 1978 CTG, 1988 NSPS, and 1994

ACT address VOC emissions based on VOC content of l ow-VOC coatings, whereas subparts
MMMM and PPPP establish volatile organic HAP emissi ons limits based on HAP content of low
HAP coating materials.

At least 37 States and several local jurisdictions have specific regulations that control
VOC emissions from miscellaneous metal product and plastic parts surface coating. A
discussion of the applicability and control options found in the Federal actions and State and
local rules is presented in Section V of this docum ent.

EPA developed the recommended approaches contained in this document after reviewing
the 1978 CTG, the 1988 NSPS, the 1994 ACT, subparts MMMM and PPPP, and existing State
and local VOC emission reduction approaches.

The remainder of this document is divided into six sections. Section III describes the
scope of sources to which the control recommendatio ns in this CTG could apply. Section IV
describes the miscellaneous metal product and plast ic parts surface coating industries, including
the types of metal and plastic parts and products, the coating materials and the coating processes,

and identifies the sources of VOC emissions from th ose processes. Section V describes the
available control approaches for addressing VOC emi ssions from these product categories and
summarizes Federal, State and local approaches for addressing such emissions. Section VI
provides our recommendations for RACT for miscellan eous metal product and plastic part
coating. Section VII discusses the cost-effectiven ess of the recommended control approaches.

Section VIII contains a list of references.

III. Applicability

This CTG provides control recommendations for reduc ing VOC emissions from the use
of coatings in miscellaneous metal products and mis cellaneous plastic parts surface coating
operations. Please see section IV of this CTG for a description of the miscellaneous metal
products coatings category and the miscellaneous pl astic parts coatings category under section
183(e) of the CAA In terms of applicability, we re commend that the control approaches
discussed in section VI of this CTG apply to each m iscellaneous metal product and plastic parts
surface coating unit d 

# at a facility where the total actual VOC emissions from all miscellaneous
metal product and plastic parts surface coating ope rations, including related cleaning activities, at
that facility are equal to or exceed 6.8 kg/day (15 lb/day), or an equivalent level of 2.7 tons per
12-month rolling period, before consideration of co ntrols. We do not recommend these control
approaches for facilities that emit below this leve l because of the very small VOC emission

reductions that can be achieved.

d 

# A coating unit consists of a series of one or more coating applicators and any associated drying area
and/or oven wherein a coating is applied, dried, an d/or cured. A coating unit ends at the point where
the coating is dried or cured, or prior to any subs equent application of a different coating. It is n ot necessary for a coating unit to have an oven or fla sh-off area.

# 4

The recommended threshold level is equivalent to th e evaporation of approximately two
gallons of solvent per day. Such a level is consid ered to be an incidental level of solvent usage
that could be expected even in facilities that use very low-solvent coatings, such as powder or
UV cure coatings (these coatings will be discussed in more detail in section IV.B.1 of this
document). Furthermore, based on the 2002 NEI data and the 2004 ozone nonattainment
designations, facilities emitting below the recomme nded threshold level collectively emit less
than 4 percent of the total reported VOC emissions from miscellaneous metal product and plastic
parts surface coating facilities in ozone nonattain ment areas. For these reasons, we did not

extend our recommendations in this CTG to these low -emitting facilities. For purposes of
determining whether a facility meets our recommende d applicability threshold, aggregate

emissions, before consideration of control, from al l miscellaneous metal product and plastic part
coating operations (including related cleaning acti vities) at a given facility are included.

In developing their RACT rules, State and local age ncies should consider carefully the

facts and circumstances of the affected sources in their States. As noted above, States can adopt
the above recommended 6.8 kg/day (15 lb/day) actual VOC emissions or an equivalent
applicability threshold, or they can develop other applicability criteria that they determine are
appropriate considering the facts and circumstances of the sources in their particular

nonattainment areas. EPA will review the State RAC T rules in the context of the SIP revision

process.

In addition, we recommend that states consider stru cturing their RACT rules to provide
facilities that coat bodies and/or body parts for n ew heavier vehicles e 

# with the option of meeting
either the state RACT requirements for the automobi le and light-duty truck coating category or
the state RACT requirements for the miscellaneous m etal products or plastic parts coatings
categories. Heavier vehicle coatings are included in the Miscellaneous Metal Products and
Plastic Parts Coatings categories under section 183 (e) and are therefore covered in the CTG for
Miscellaneous Metal and Plastic Parts Coatings. We note, however, that some automobile and
light-duty truck assembly coating facilities also c oat new heavier vehicle bodies or body parts for

new heavier vehicles. The new heavier vehicle bodi es or body parts for new heavier vehicles
may be coated using the same equipment and material s that are used to coat new automobile and
light-duty truck bodies or body parts for new autom obiles and light-duty trucks. The permit
requirements for the heavier vehicle portion of the se combined use paint shops are often
structured in the same way as permit requirements f or automobile and light-duty truck paint
shops. Also, some facilities that coat only new he avier vehicle bodies or body parts for new
heavier vehicles have paint shops that are designed and operated in the same manner as paint
shops that are used to coat new automobile and ligh t-duty truck bodies and body parts for new
automobiles and light-duty trucks. The permit requ irements for these heavier vehicle paint shops
are often structured in the same way as permit requ irements for automobile and light-duty truck
paint shops.

In light of the above, providing facilities that co at bodies and/or body parts for new
heavier vehicles with the option of meeting the sta te RACT requirements for the automobile and
light-duty truck coating category in lieu of the re quirements for Miscellaneous Metal Products or
Plastic Parts categories will provide for the most consistency with existing permit requirements
and simplify compliance demonstration requirements for these facilities. Furthermore, in light of

e 

# Heavier vehicles includes all vehicles that meet t he definition of the term “other motor vehicles”, a s defined at 40
CFR § 63.3176 (the NESHAP for Surface Coating of Au tomobiles and Light-Duty Trucks).

# 5

the stringency of our recommended control measures in the automobile and light-duty truck
assembly coatings CTG, we believe that facilities t hat choose this alternative will achieve at least
equivalent, if not greater, control of VOC emission s. For the reasons stated above, we
recommend that state RACT rules provide facilities that coat bodies and/or body parts for new
heavier vehicles the option of meeting either the s tate RACT requirements for miscellaneous
metals and plastic parts coatings or the state RACT requirements for auto and light-duty truck
coatings.

The 2002 National Emission Inventory (NEI) was used as the source of emissions data
for the miscellaneous metal product and plastic par t surface coating facilities as a whole.

In developing this CTG, the 2002 NEI database was q ueried for facilities likely
performing miscellaneous metal product and plastic parts surface coating based on Standard
Industrial Classification (SIC) code and Source Cla ssification Code (SCC). The resulting list of

facilities was further reviewed to remove all SIC c odes or SCC covered by other CTG finalized
or in development. This activity resulted in 3,925 miscellaneous metal product and plastic part
surface coating facilities in the 2002 NEI, and VOC emissions totaled an estimated 32,700 Mg/yr
(36,000 tpy) from surface coating operations. Of t he 3,925 facilities identified in the 2002 NEI,

2,539 facilities were located in ozone nonattainmen t areas and 1,296 of the facilities located in
ozone nonattainment areas emit more than the 6.8 kg /day (15 lb/day) VOC applicability

threshold described above. These 1,296 facilities emitted an estimated 20,098 Mg (22,108 tons)

of VOC in 2002.

IV. Process Description and Sources of VOC Emissions

The miscellaneous metal product and plastic parts s urface coatings categories under
section 183(e) of the CAA includes the coatings tha t are applied to the surfaces of a varied range
of metal and plastic parts and products. Such part s or products are constructed either entirely or
partially from metal or plastic. These miscellaneo us metal products and plastic parts include, but
are not limited to, metal and plastic components of the following types of products as well as the
products themselves: fabricated metal products, mol ded plastic parts, small and large farm
machinery, commercial and industrial machinery and equipment, automotive or transportation
equipment, interior or exterior automotive parts, c onstruction equipment, motor vehicle
accessories, bicycles and sporting goods, toys, rec reational vehicles, pleasure craft (recreational
boats), extruded aluminum structural components, ra ilroad cars, heavier vehicles, f 

# lawn and
garden equipment, business machines, laboratory and medical equipment, electronic equipment,
steel drums, metal pipes, and numerous other indust rial and household products (hereinafter
collectively referred to as “miscellaneous metal an d plastic parts”). The CTG applies to
manufacturers of miscellaneous metal and plastic pa rts that surface-coat the parts they produce.
The final CTG also applies to facilities that perfo rm surface coating of miscellaneous metal and
plastic parts on a contract basis. However, coati ngs that are applied to test panels and coupons
as part of research and development, quality contro l, or performance testing activities at paint
research or manufacturing facilities are not includ ed in the miscellaneous metal products and
plastic parts coatings categories under section 183 (e) and are therefore not addressed in this

CTG.

f 

# Heavier vehicles includes all vehicles that meet t he definition of the term “other motor vehicles”, a s
defined in the National Emission Standards for Surf ace Coating of Automobile and Light-Duty Trucks

at 40 CFR 63.3176.

# 6

Miscellaneous metal products and plastic parts coat ings do not include coatings that are a
part of other product categories listed under Secti on 183(e) of the Act for which CTGs have been
published and/or addressed by other CTGs. These ot her categories that are not part of the
miscellaneous metal product and plastic parts coati ngs categories include shipbuilding and repair
coatings; aerospace coatings; wood furniture coatin gs; metal furniture coatings; large appliance
coatings; automobile and light-duty truck assembly coatings; flatwood paneling coatings;
miscellaneous industrial adhesives; fiberglass boat manufacturing materials; and paper, film, and
foil coatings. Can coatings, coil coatings, and ma gnet wire coatings were not listed under
Section 183(e) of the Act, but were addressed by ea rlier CTGs, and are also not included in the
miscellaneous metal product and plastic parts coati ngs categories addressed by this CTG.

Three Section 183(e) categories (aerosol coatings, architectural coatings, and automobile
refinish coatings) are regulated by national VOC ru les. Aerosol coatings are not included in the
miscellaneous metal parts or plastic parts coating categories. Architectural coatings and
automobile refinish coatings are not included in th e miscellaneous metal parts or plastic parts
coating categories to the extent they are used for architectural coating or automobile refinish
coating purposes as defined in their respective nat ional VOC rules. A coating recommended by
its manufacturer or importer for field application to stationary structures (e.g., steel bridge) and
their appurtenances, to portable buildings, to pave ments, or to curbs would be regulated as an
architectural coating under the national VOC rule f or architectural coatings. Such a coating,
when used for architectural coating as defined in t he national rule, would not be included in the
miscellaneous metal products coatings category unde r section 183(e). If, however, such coating
were applied to structural steel in a shop setting, the coating would be included in the
miscellaneous metal products coatings category and covered by the CTG for that category, as
well as being subject to the national VOC rule for architectural coatings. Similarly, a coating
recommended for automobile refinishing by its manuf acturer or importer for automobile
refinishing would be regulated as an automobile ref inish coating under the national VOC rule for
automobile refinish coatings. Such a coating, when used for automobile refinishing as defined in

the national rule, would not be included in the mis cellaneous metal products coatings category.
If, however, such coating were applied to a metal b ox or plastic box, the coating would be
included in the miscellaneous metal products coatin gs category and covered by the CTG for that
category, as well as being subject to the national VOC rule for automobile refinish coatings.

As mentioned above, the miscellaneous metal product s and plastic parts coatings
categories, as listed under section 183(e), do not include products that are a part of other section
183(e) categories for which CTGs have been publishe d, such as the fiberglass boat
manufacturing materials category or the miscellaneo us industrial adhesives category.
Specifically, the miscellaneous metal products and plastic parts categories do not include gel
coats applied to fiber-reinforced plastic (fibergla ss composite) products removed from the mold
or used as in-mold coatings in the production of fi berglass parts. The miscellaneous metal
products and plastic parts coatings categories also do not include body fillers and putties used to
repair surface defects in fiberglass composite part s, or putties used to bond fiberglass composite
parts together. These putties are part of the comp osite structure and are not coatings.

Motor vehicle cavity wax, sealers, deadeners, gaske t/gasket sealing material, underbody
coatings, trunk interior coating, bedliner and lubr icating wax/compound used at a facility that is
not an automobile or light-duty truck assembly coat ing facility, are included in the miscellaneous
metal and plastic parts coatings categories and add ressed in this final CTG for miscellaneous
metal products and plastic parts coatings. Howeve r, similar materials used at automobiles and

# 7

light duty trucks assembly coating facilities are i ncluded in the automobile and light-duty truck
assembly coatings category and addressed in the CTG for that category.

Except as provided above, miscellaneous metal produ ct and plastic parts coatings include
paints, sealants, caulks, inks, and maskants. g 

# The paints include several categories of primers,
topcoats, and specialty coatings, typically defined by the coating’s function. The types of
coating technologies used by miscellaneous metal pr oduct and plastic part surface coating
facilities include higher solids, waterborne, and p owder coatings, as well as conventional
solventborne coatings.

A. Process Description

Miscellaneous metal product and plastic parts surfa ce coatings serve decorative,
protective, and functional purposes. Coatings prot ect metal parts from corrosion by providing

resistance to moisture, heat, and sometimes the out door elements. Plastic parts may be coated to
provide color, texture, or protection, thus improvi ng appearance and durability, and can also
function to attenuate electromagnetic interference/ radio frequency interference (EMI/RFI)
signals, and to conceal mold lines and flaws in the substrate surface.

The coating selections and requirements for such a miscellaneous sector depend on the
end use specifications, but appearance and protecti on will most likely be important
considerations. Coatings for each type of metal or plastic part can have special requirements and
contain unique properties because each type is used to serve a particular coating performance.
Metal and plastic surface coatings must also be dur able and have excellent adhesion properties to
avoid peeling or chipping. Finally, the coatings f or many products provide decorative appeal.
Applying a color coat is probably the most common w ay of decorating metal or plastic parts for

several aesthetic, commercial, and functional reaso ns (e.g., reflective properties). Often a primer
is applied prior to a color coat.

Such coating and painting of parts in the miscellan eous metal product and plastic parts
surface coating industries are often “secondary ope rations”. These secondary operations are
carried out not only by fabricators of metal and pl astic parts, but also in product assembly
facilities and painting job shops.

The miscellaneous metal product and plastic parts s urface coating process may be divided
into three main unit operations: (1) surface prepar ation, (2) coating application operations, and
(3) cleaning activities. These three types of acti vities utilize VOC-containing compounds (i.e.,
coatings, thinners, and/or cleaning materials) and are further described below.

g 

# Decorative, protective, or functional materials th at consist only of protective oils for metal, acids

, bases, or any combination of these substances are n ot considered miscellaneous metal or plastic part
coatings.

# 8

1. Surface Preparation

Surface preparation is performed for two main reaso ns: (1) to correct any flaws in the
part prior to coating and (2) to prepare the part t o receive the coating. The amount of surface
preparation a part requires or the types of surface preparation processes employed can greatly
vary between metal and plastic part substrates.

Before a metal product can be coated, its surface m ust be thoroughly cleaned. The
cleaning operation consists of the following basic processing steps: (1) alkaline or acid cleaning,
(2) water rinse, (3) phosphate treatment (typically iron phosphate), (4) water rinse, and (5)
pretreatment and/or water rinse. The last step can involve drying the parts in an oven. In
general, the cleaning chemicals used in this cleani ng operation contain little VOC and therefore
generate negligible emissions.

In the alkaline or acid cleaning step, metal parts or products are sprayed with, or
immersed in, a cleaning solution to dissolve and re move oil, grease, and dirt. This solution,
which can be alkaline or acidic, typically includes one or more other ingredients, such as
surfactants or corrosion inhibitors. Generally, ac id-based solutions are preferred for removing
corrosion and scale from metal pieces. However, be cause alkaline formulations are generally
somewhat milder, they are recommended for certain m etal substrates when the corrosiveness of

acid solutions is a concern.

The cleaning step can be followed by a phosphate tr eatment for metal parts. The purpose
of this treatment is to provide corrosion resistanc e to the surface of the metal part. The final
pretreatment step, if utilized, may be a rust inhib itor or adhesion promoter. Following each
treatment step, the metal part or product is typica lly sent through several rinse stages in series.

An alternate cleaning method prior to coating is an enclosed shot-blasting operation. The
operation uses steel shot (fine particles) to abras ively remove dirt and grease, as well as to
smooth rough edges and welds. The operation can al so be used to remove cured coatings when
parts require rework. This cleaning operation does not involve any liquid chemicals, and no
wastewater discharge is produced.

Surface preparation for plastic parts or products c an vary greatly from the surface
preparation steps described above for metal product s. For plastic parts or products, some
sanding may be done to remove burrs or other incons istencies. Puttying may be necessary to fill
in any gaps or small cracks in the plastic part. F or pre-primed plastic parts, spot-primer may be
applied to any areas missing primer or with an inco nsistent primer application. Following this
type of pretreatment, any remaining surface residue must be removed, typically by wiping off the
dust with water or alcohol soaked rags. Acetone or a hot water and grit material solution can
also be used to remove any tape adhesive, dirt, or dust.

Varying degrees of cleaning are possible, including multiple stages of washing cycles
with proprietary soaps or solvents, or de-ionized w ater. Also, depending on the types of coating
to be applied, surface preparation can include trea tment of the part so that it can receive the
coating. For example, a conductive coating of some sort is necessary for the plastic part to be
coated by some electrostatic coating application te chniques.

# 9

2. Coating Application

Surface coating is accomplished by applying a coati ng to the metal or plastic part,
followed by curing or drying the coating. The coat ing itself may be in the form of a liquid or
powder.

Several different types of application technology a re used to apply liquid coatings, and
the selection of the application technology can hav e a significant effect on the amount of coating
used and the resulting VOC emissions from the opera tion. The most common types of liquid
coating applicators include: air atomized spray coa ting, electrostatic spray coating, high
volume/low pressure (HVLP) spray coating, dip coati ng, flow coating, roll coating,
electrocoating, and autophoretic coating. Powder c oatings can be applied through electrostatic
spraying or dipping,

Conventional air spray application uses compressed air at high pressure ( e.g., 30 to 90
pounds per square inch, psi) to pull the coating fr om a reservoir and atomize the coating as it is
expelled from the spray gun tip. The mixture of ai r and atomized coating then deposits the
coating on the surface being coated. Because of th e high pressure of air used, most of the
coating does not land on the part being coated and is carried away from the part as overspray and
is wasted. The fraction of coating solids that rea ches the part is termed transfer efficiency, and
conventional air spray has a relatively low transfe r efficiency compared to other application
methods. Therefore, many coating operations have a dopted other types of spray application to
use coatings more efficiently.

Airless Spray. With airless spray, a pump forces the coating throu gh an atomizing nozzle
at high pressure (1,000 to 6,000 psi). Airless spr ay is ideal for rapid coverage of large areas and
when a heavy film build is required. The size of a irless spray paint droplets is larger, the spray

cloud is less turbulent, and the transfer efficienc y is typically superior to conventional air spray.
However, airless spray leaves a rougher, more textu red surface; therefore, it is generally used on
surfaces where appearance is not critical

Air-Assisted Airless Spray . An air-assisted airless system combines the bene fits of
conventional air spray and airless spray. The syst em consists of an airless spray gun with a
compressed air jet at the gun tip to atomize the co ating. It uses lower fluid pressures than airless
spray and lower air pressures than conventional air spray (e.g., 5 to 20 psi versus 30 to 90 psi).
This fluid/air pressure combination delivers a less turbulent spray than conventional air systems
and applies a more uniform finish than airless syst ems. However, the amount of time needed to
apply coatings is greater because of the lower flui d and air pressure.

Electrostatic Spray . In electrostatic spray application, the coating and part are oppositely
charged. The part or product is grounded and attra cts the negatively charged coating particles.
Electrostatic spray systems are reported to have th e highest transfer efficiency of any of the spray
application techniques because of minimal overspray , which also results in lower paint loss and
lower VOC emissions. Electrostatic systems can be used to spray apply either liquid or powder
coatings. Powder coatings are applied almost excl usively by means of electrostatic spray in
surface coating operations. If a powder recovery s ystem is used, the oversprayed powder is
recovered and recycled.

HVLP systems use lower air pressures (generally not more than 1 0 psi at the spray cap)
and greater volumes than conventional air atomized spray systems. Specialized nozzles provide

# 10

better air and fluid flow at the lower air pressure , and shape the air/spray pattern and guide the
atomized coating particles to the part or product b eing coated. The lower air pressures result in
greater transfer efficiency compared to conventiona l air atomized spray systems.

Dip coating

is another available method for applying liquid co ating. It is typically used
on parts that do not require a high-quality appeara nce, and is often used for large complicated
parts such building joists, that would be difficult to paint using other methods. The metal or
plastic parts to be coated are manually or automati cally dipped into a tank containing the coating.
The parts are then withdrawn from the tank and any excess coating is allowed to drain, thus
achieving very high coating transfer efficiencies. Typical systems have some means of

recirculation of the tank contents, filters to remo ve paint sediment and solid contaminants, and
means for controlling the viscosity of the fluid. Because the tank opening exposes a large
surface area of liquid coating, solvent losses occu r from the tank. To maintain the desired
coating viscosity in the tank, these losses are com pensated for by adding thinner (water or
solvent, depending on the coating used).

Powder coatings may also be applied using a dip app lication operation. The part to be
coated is first heated to a temperature above the p owder's melting point. The hot part is then
immersed in a fluidized bed of the powder, melting the powder in contact with it and forming a
continuous coating on the part.

Flow coating

is similar to dip coating and involves conveying t he metal or plastic part or
product over an enclosed sink, where the coating is applied at low pressure as the item passes
under a series of nozzles. Excess coating drains b ack into the sink, is filtered, and pumped back
into a coating holding tank. A typical flow coater tank is enclosed and is smaller than the
equivalent dip coating tank. As a result, less coa ting is used and less solvent is evaporated than
in dip tank operations. This application method re sults in an increase in production rate.

Roll coating

application is used for high viscosity coatings, p articularly adhesives, and

for small surface areas.

Electrocoating (electrodeposition) is a specialized form of dip coating where opposit e electric charges are applied to the waterborne coat ing and the part. The coating is deposited on
the part by means of electrical attraction, which p roduces a more uniform coating on the part
than traditional dip application.

Autophoretic coating

consists of a series of dip tanks in which the par ts to be coated are
immersed and cleaned. After cleaning, the coating solids are deposited on the surface of the
parts via chemical reaction. The coating solids ar e then heat cured.

Zinc-Arc Spray. Metallic zinc may be applied to metal or plastic pa rts. When applied to
plastic, it is usually done to provide a conductive surface or shielding. When applied to metal
parts, it is usually to provide a corrosion resista nt surface. This two-step process first roughens a
metal or plastic surface by grit-blasting or sandin g, and then spray-coats with molten zinc, either
manually or with robotics. The zinc-arc spray gun operates by mechanically feeding two zinc
wires into the tip of the spray gun where they are melted by an electric arc. A high-pressure air
nozzle blows the molten zinc particles onto the sur face of the metal or plastic part.

As described above, there are various spray applica tion technologies that can be used to
apply coatings to miscellaneous metal and plastic p arts. Spray coating operations are typically

# 11

performed in a spray booth by manual or automated ( e.g., robotic) means to capture paint
overspray, remove solvent vapors from the workplace during liquid coating spray operations, and
to keep the coating operation from being contaminat ed by dirt from other operations. In some
instances, productivity is maximized by using autom ated application followed by manual
touchup. Typically, overspray is collected within the booth on either dry filter media or a
waterwash booth. Air flow in a booth equipped with dry filter media generally passes from the
spray applicator, over the metal or plastic part or product, and through a dry filter bank.
Waterwash booths are less commonly used than dry fi lter booths in the miscellaneous metal
product and plastic parts surface coating industrie s. In a waterwash booth, air is drawn through a
continuous curtain of moving water and overspray is removed by contact with the water. In
booths equipped with dry filters and in waterwash b ooths, the overspray can be collected on a
series of baffles in front of the dry filters or wa terwash, and, in some cases, the collected
overspray can be reused. This recycling method sub stantially reduces both air emissions and
waste (including spent dry filters) generated by th e coating application operation.

After each of the liquid and powder coating applica tions described above, the applied
coating is heat dried or cured or air dried or cure d after application. For liquid spray and dip
coating operations, the coated parts are typically first slowly moved through a flash-off area after
the coating application operation to allow solvents in the coating to evaporate slowly and thus
avoid bubbling of the coating while it is curing in the oven. After application of powder
coatings, the coated metal or plastic parts are con veyed directly to an oven (there is no flash-off
area for powder coatings) and heated to cure the po wder. This curing process melts the powder,
forming a continuous coating. Following the curing step, the final unit is assembled (if
necessary) and packaged for shipment.

3. Cleaning activities

Cleaning activities other than surface preparation also occur at miscellaneous metal
product and plastic parts surface coating facilitie s. Cleaning materials are used during these
activities to remove coating residue or other unwan ted materials from equipment related to
coating operations, as well as the cleaning of spra y guns, transfer lines (e.g., tubing or piping),
tanks, and the interior of spray booths. These cle aning materials are typically mixtures of VOCcontaining solvents.

B. Sources of VOC Emissions

The VOC emissions from miscellaneous metal product and plastic part surface coating
processes result from the evaporation of the volati le components of the coatings and cleaning
materials used in these operations. h 

# In most cases, VOC emissions from surface prepara tion,
storage, handling, and waste/wastewater operations are relatively small. The following
discussion describes these primary emission sources (coatings and cleaning materials).

h 

# In a Federal Register

notice, EPA stated that the cleaning operations as sociated with certain specified
section 183(e) consumer and commercial product cate gories, including the miscellaneous metal product
coating category and the plastic part coating categ ory, would not be covered by EPA’s 2006 CTG for
industrial cleaning solvents (71 FR 44522 and 44540 , August 4, 2006). In the notice, EPA expressed it s intention to address cleaning operations associated with these categories in the CTGs for these specif ied
categories if the Agency determines that a CTG is a ppropriate for the respective categories. Accordin gly,
this CTG addresses VOC emissions from cleaning oper ations associated the miscellaneous metal product
coating category and the plastic part coating categ ory.

# 12

1. Coatings

The majority of VOC emissions from miscellaneous me tal product and plastic part
surface coatings occur from evaporation of solvents in the coatings during coating
application/flash-off and drying/curing of the coat ings. In spray coating operations, the majority
of VOC emissions occur in the spray booth during co ating application. For liquid spray
applications, it is estimated that 65 to 80 percent of the volatiles from spray coating are emitted
during the application and flash-off operations, an d that 20 to 35 percent are emitted from the
drying/curing operation.

The remaining emissions are primarily from mixing a nd/or thinning. The VOC
emissions from mixing and thinning of coatings occu r from displacement of VOC-laden air in
containers used to mix coatings containing solvents (thinners) prior to coating application. The
displacement of VOC-laden air can also occur during filling of containers and can be caused by
changes in temperature, changes in barometric press ure, or agitation during mixing.

The VOC emissions from coating application occur wh en solvent evaporates from the
coating as it is being applied to the part or produ ct. The transfer efficiency (the percent of
coating solids deposited on the metal and plastic p arts) of a coating application method affects
the amount of VOC emitted during coating applicatio n. The more efficient a coating application
method is in transferring coatings to the metal or plastic parts, the lower the volume of coatings
(and therefore solvents) needed per given amount of production; thus resulting in lower VOC

emissions.

Conventional air atomized spray equipment utilizes high atomizing air pressure with
typical transfer efficiencies of 25 to 40 percent. The transfer efficiency of a dip coater is very
high (approximately 90 percent); however, some VOC is emitted from the liquid coating bath
due to its large exposed surface area. For liquid coatings, electrostatic spray coating is more
efficient than conventional air atomized spray, wit h transfer efficiency typically ranging from 60
to 90 percent. Electrostatic spray coating is also an efficient method for applying powder
coating.

After being coated by any of the typical coating me thods (e.g., spray coating or dip
coating), the metal or plastic parts are dried/cure d. Prior to entering the ovens, solvents in the
coatings evaporate slowly in the flash-off area to prevent bubble formation during curing. The
amount of VOC emissions from the flash-off area dep ends on the type of coating used, how
quickly the component or product moves through the flash-off area, and the distance between the
application area and the bake oven.

For powder coatings, the curing/drying step melts t he powder and forms a continuous
coating on metal products. For liquid coatings, th is step removes any remaining volatiles from
the coating. The cured coatings provide the desire d decorative and/or protective characteristics.
The VOC emissions during the curing/drying process result from the evaporation of the
remaining solvents in the dryer.

Until the 1970’s, conventional solvent-based coatin gs, with high VOC content, were the
majority of coatings used in the miscellaneous meta l product and plastic parts surface coating
industries. Due to increased regulation at the Sta te and Federal level, these industries have
steadily moved to lower VOC content coatings. Thes e alternative coatings include powder

# 13

coatings, waterborne coatings, higher solids coatin gs, and ultraviolet coatings. The following

discussion summarizes each of these alternative coa ting formulations.

Powder Coatings . The use of powder coating systems in the metal p roducts and plastic
part manufacturing industries has increased. Many miscellaneous metal products surface coating
facilities have replaced existing liquid coating op erations with powder coating operations.
Compared to conventional liquid coating systems, po wder coating produces minimal amounts of
VOC emissions because powder coatings are applied a s dried particles, no VOC are released
during the application operation, and volatile emis sions from the curing operation, if any, are
generally much less than the volatile emissions fro m liquid coating systems. Powder coating is
applied via powder delivery systems, which in most cases is an electrostatic spray. Particulate
emissions resulting from the application of powder coatings can be minimized through the
implementation of a recovery and recycling process (reuse of overspray). Depending on the
powder formulation, some volatile emissions may occ ur when the powder is heated during the
curing step. Powder coating applications are best suited for long production runs of consistently
sized parts without color changes.

Waterborne Coatings . Waterborne coatings produce minimal VOC emission s primarily
because a large portion of the solvent carrier is r eplaced with water. The water component can
constitute as much as 80 percent of the coating, wi th the remaining 20 percent being the coating
solids. Waterborne coatings are used widely, most often when there is a primer applied to the
substrate prior to the waterborne coating.

Higher Solids Coatings . These coatings contain at least 60 percent by vo lume of coating
solids. VOC emissions are reduced through the use of these coatings because they contain less
solvent per unit volume of solids than conventional solvent-based coatings. Thus, a lesser
amount of VOC emissions are released during coating preparation, application, and curing to
deliver a given amount of coating solids.

Ultraviolet Curable Coatings . Ultraviolet (UV) curable liquid and UV curable p owder
coatings are used for heat sensitive substrates as they allow for low curing temperatures. UV
liquid coatings have been used for several decades on parts made of plastic and metal. Because
the entire coating must be exposed to the UV light source to achieve complete curing of the UV
coating, UV curable coating applications may not be feasible for some miscellaneous metal and
plastic parts. Pigmentation used in the majority o f metal and plastic part coatings would block
the UV light. The shape of the metal or plastic pa rt may also present curing problems. Metal
and plastic parts with complex shapes or enclosed s paces would have areas that could be shaded
from the UV light source.

2. Cleaning Materials

Cleaning materials are another source of VOC emitte d by miscellaneous metal product
and plastic parts surface coating operations. The VOC are emitted when solvents evaporate from
the cleaning materials during use.

Cleaning materials with low-VOC composite vapor pre ssure and/or low-VOC content
generate less VOC emissions than materials with hig her VOC vapor pressure and/or content.
The VOC composite vapor pressure of a cleaning mate rial is a weighted average of the vapor
pressures of the VOC components of that cleaning ma terial. The vapor pressure of each VOC

# 14

component is weighted by the mole fraction of that VOC component in the whole cleaning
material, including non-VOC components such as wate r or exempt compounds. i



# Water and exempt compounds thereby reduce the VOC c omposite vapor pressure of
cleaning materials in which they are present. Alth ough use of lower vapor pressure cleaning
materials may reduce VOC emissions, these materials may not be feasible with the broad range
of coatings used in the miscellaneous metal product and plastic parts surface coating facilities.
Similarly, cleaning materials with low VOC content would generate less VOC emissions than
materials with high VOC content, but may not be fea sible with the broad range of coatings used
in the miscellaneous metal product and plastic part s surface coating facilities.

V. Available Controls and Regulatory Approaches

As previously mentioned, there are two main sources of VOC emissions from
miscellaneous metal product and plastic parts surfa ce coating operations: (1) evaporation of
VOC from the coatings; and (2) evaporation of VOC f rom the cleaning materials. This section
summarizes the available control options for reduci ng these VOC emissions and existing federal,
State, and local VOC recommendations or requirement s that address these emissions.

A. Available Controls for VOC Emissions from Coatings

There are two general emission control techniques f or reducing VOC emissions from
miscellaneous metal product and plastic parts coati ngs: pollution prevention measures, and
emission capture and add-on control systems. Pollu tion prevention is the most prevalent control
technique being used by the miscellaneous metal pro duct and plastic parts surface coating
facilities. Add-on control systems are available t o these facilities, but few facilities utilize this
control technique. Provided below is a summary of these control techniques.

1. Pollution Prevention Measures

Pollution prevention measures applicable to the mis cellaneous metal product and plastic
parts surface coating operations, including product substitution/reformulation, work practice
procedures, and equipment substitution, may be used to decrease VOC emissions from coating
application operations. Lower VOC content coatings , such as powder coatings, higher solids
coatings and waterborne coatings, may be used to re duce VOC emissions by reducing or
eliminating the organic solvent present in the coat ing. Work practice procedures may also result
in VOC emission reductions during the coating proce ss by reducing coating waste. The use of
efficient coating application equipment can reduce VOC emission by increasing the coating
transfer efficiency (i.e., the percentage of coatin g solids used that is deposited onto the substrate)
and reducing the amount of coating used and wasted as overspray.

Product substitution/Reformulation

One pollution prevention measure is to substitute h igher-solvent coatings with coatings
containing little or no solvents. As previously di scussed, these coatings include powder coatings,
waterborne coatings, higher solids coatings, UV coa tings, electrocoatings, and autophoretic
coatings. The use of higher solids, powder and wat erborne coatings has increased since 1978.

i 

# Exempt compounds are those classified by EPA as hav ing negligible photochemical reactivity as listed
in 40 CFR 51.100(s). Exempt compounds are not cons idered to be VOC.

# 15

Manufacturers have developed and are continuing to develop waterborne and powder coating
formulations that replace conventional organic solv ent-borne coatings. These coatings are
generally available. Conversion to powder coatings (for example) can lower VOC emissions
greatly, and many miscellaneous metal product and p lastic parts coating operations are capable
of converting to these coatings. However, the curr ently available low-VOC coatings or coatings
with no solvents do not meet the performance requir ements of some metal or plastic coating
applications and therefore are not viable options f or these operations.

Work Practices

Work practice procedures are physical actions inten ded to affect emission reductions.
Because work practice procedures are specifically t ailored to an industry, they may vary from a
few manual operations to a complex program.

Coating waste is generated during coating material preparation, coating application, and
equipment cleaning. If coating waste is reduced, o verall VOC emissions from coating operations
will be reduced because less VOC coating material w ill be needed for production. Coating waste
may be reduced by effectively controlling material preparation and using proper equipment
maintenance procedures. Other work practices inclu de storing VOC-containing coatings,
thinners, and coating-related waste materials in cl osed containers; ensuring that mixing and
storage containers used for VOC-containing material s are kept closed as much as possible;
minimizing spills of VOC-containing materials; and conveying VOC-containing materials in
closed containers or pipes.

Equipment Substitution

The use of the more effective application equipment also reduces VOC emissions.
Conventional air atomized spray application systems utilize high atomizing air pressure with
typical transfer efficiencies of 25 to 40 percent.

More modern technologies, such electrostatic and HV LP spray equipment, can achieve
much higher transfer efficiencies. The increase in transfer efficiency translates to a decrease in
usage of materials containing VOC.

In electrostatic spraying, the coating is charged and the part is grounded, thereby
attracting the atomized coating to the part. Trans fer efficiencies of up to 90 percent may be
achieved depending on the product shape, size, and substrate.

HVLP systems use reduced air pressure to atomize co atings and the reduced air reduces
turbulence at the part surface and increases transf er efficiency. HVLP spray systems can
achieve transfer efficiencies of up to 65 percent u nder optimal conditions of part size and shape,
and with good operator technique.

2. Emission Capture and Add-on Control Systems

In addition to pollution prevention measures, VOC e missions from miscellaneous metal
product and plastic parts surface coating operation s can be reduced by the use of capture
systems, in conjunction with add-on control systems that either destroy or recover the VOC in
the exhaust streams. As stated previously, althoug h capture systems and add-on control devices
are available to the miscellaneous metal product an d plastic parts surface coating facilities, they
are generally not used. That is the case when low VOC coatings and alternative application

# 16

methods can be used to reduce VOC emissions. The m ajority of VOC emissions from
miscellaneous metal product and plastic parts coati ng operations occur in the spray booth. Spray
booths typically exhaust a high volume of air to di lute the concentration of VOC for safety
reasons to reduce potential worker exposure to solv ent vapors and to reduce the flammability of
the air-vapor mixture. Although VOC emissions in s pray booth exhaust can be controlled with
add-on controls, it is generally not cost effective to do so because of the large volume of air that

must be treated and the low concentration of VOC.

Capture Systems

Capture systems, such as hoods and enclosures, coll ect solvent-laden air from process
vents (e.g., spray booth or bake oven vents) and/or fugitive emissions (e.g., flash-off area) and
direct the captured air to a control device. The m ajority of VOC emissions from miscellaneous
metal product and plastic parts surface coating occ ur in the spray booth. These emissions can be
ducted from the spray booth directly to the control device. Similarly, bake oven exhaust can be
ducted directly to the control device. Spray booth s and bake ovens are the principal elements of
the capture system. In addition, hoods, floor air sweeps or enclosures can be used to collect
fugitive emissions from solvents that evaporate in flash-off areas and route them to a control

device.

The design of the capture system can greatly contri bute to the overall VOC control
efficiency. An efficient capture system maximizes the capture of emissions and minimizes the
capture of dilution air. Spray booth and bake oven design and air management can reduce the

volume of exhaust air and maximize the VOC concentr ation of the exhaust air which can reduce
the cost of control. Facilities may combine severa l captured VOC-laden streams and duct them
to a single control device.

Add-on Control Systems

Add-on controls reduce the amount of VOC emissions by either destruction or recovery
with or without recycling of VOC emission in the ex haust streams. Two categories of add-on
control devices can be used by the miscellaneous me tal product and plastic parts and products
surface coating facilities: combustion (thermal or catalytic oxidation) and recovery (adsorption
and absorption). While many control devices can be used to reduce VOC emissions, the
following summary covers those control devices know n to be used with surface coating
operations: oxidation, adsorption, and absorption. In addition, there are other control measures

known to reduce VOC emissions, but are not currentl y being widely used in the miscellaneous
metal product and plastic parts surface coating fac ilities. These alternative control technologies

are also discussed below.

Oxidation destroys VOC emissions in an exhaust stream by exp osing the stream to an
oxidizing atmosphere at high temperatures. Oxidize rs may be of thermal or catalytic design and
combust VOC-containing exhaust streams. Catalytic oxidizers are similar to thermal oxidizers
but employ a catalyst to aid in the oxidation react ion. As a result, catalytic oxidizers operate at
lower combustion temperatures relative to that requ ired in thermal oxidizers. Both types of
oxidizers generally utilize either regenerative or recuperative techniques to preheat inlet gas in
order to decrease energy costs associated with high oxidation temperatures. They may also use
primary or secondary heat recovery to reduce energy consumption. In general, oxidizers may

# 17

achieve destruction efficiencies of greater than 95 percent as applied to coating application
operations with high and constant concentrations of VOC.

Adsorption occurs when the unbalanced molecular forces on the surface of solids (the
adsorbant) attract and retain gases and particulate matter that come in contact with the solid.
Several materials are widely used as the adsorbent, such as activated carbon, organic resin
polymer, and inorganic materials. Each has substan tial surface area per unit volume. Carbon
adsorbers are most commonly used in the miscellaneo us metal product and plastic parts surface
coating facilities.

In a carbon adsorber, activated carbon is used as t he adsorbent in a regenerable fixed bed.
In a typical carbon adsorber, VOC-laden air is pass ed through a fixed bed of granular activated
carbon. Adsorber beds are typically operated in pa rallel to avoid interruption of VOC control.
In this arrangement, when the adsorption capacity o f one bed is exhausted, it can be removed
from service and a second adsorber bed can be put i nto service, ensuring that a control device is
operating at all times. The spent carbon bed in th e first adsorber bed is then regenerated and can
be put into service again.

Carbon adsorption systems can achieve control devic e efficiencies greater than 95
percent. In contrast to combustion, carbon adsorpt ion does not destroy the VOC it removes from

the air stream. Carbon adsorbers used in miscellan eous metal and plastic parts surface coating
are thermally regenerated, usually by passing steam through the carbon beds. The VOC are
removed from the carbon (desorbed) and transferred to the steam. The VOC-containing steam is
then condensed, and the VOC solvent is separated fr om the water. The recovered solvent can
then be decanted for sale or reuse. Regeneration c an also be achieved with hot air. Hot-air
regeneration can be quite attractive when dealing w ith water soluble solvents. Carbon adsorption
is most amenable to coatings that use a single solv ent; if solvent mixtures are collected by
adsorbers, they usually are distilled for reuse.

There are two options for disposing of recovered so lvents which cannot be reused. The

first is to sell the material back to the solvent s upplier or an independent firm that specializes in
reclaiming contaminated solvents. The other option is to use the recovered solvent as a fuel in
coating ovens or in boilers. However, many coating ovens and boilers are gas-fired and would
require burner modifications to burn solvent. Carb on adsorption is generally economically
attractive only if the recovered solvent can be reu sed directly.

Carbon adsorbers are most suitable for solvents tha t are immiscible with water, such as
toluene and xylene, but are not recommended for wat er-soluble VOC, such as methyl ethyl
ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone. In the case whe re a water-soluble VOC is present, the water
vapor will be adsorbed and desorbed along with the VOC vapor, and the VOC may require
subsequent purification if it is to be reused.

The presence of solid particles or polymerizable su bstances in the inlet air stream to a
carbon adsorber may require pretreatment of the inl et air. In addition, adsorption is usually used
for coating application exhaust streams at ambient temperature up to approximately 38°C
(100°F). Therefore, cooling and dehumidification m ay also be required as pretreatment in some
cases. Adding equipment, such as a dehumidificatio n system, increases the costs associated with
the use of a carbon adsorption system.

# 18

Absorption is the process by which a gas stream is contacted with a liquid so that one or
more of the components of the gas stream will disso lve in the liquid. Water is the most common
absorbent, but organic solvents may also be used. Removal efficiency can be enhanced by the

addition of reactive chemical additives to the abso rbent to increase solubility of the absorbed
pollutant or change the equilibrium.

Alternative control technologies, such as condensa tion, biodegradation, and UV oxidation
are applicable for control of VOC emissions from co atings. However, EPA is not aware of any
miscellaneous metal product and plastic parts surfa ce coating facilities currently using these
types of control technologies.

B. Available Controls for VOC Emissions from Cleaning Materials

Pollution prevention is the most common emission c ontrol technique for reducing VOC
emissions from cleaning materials. The pollution p revention measures applicable to the
miscellaneous metal product and plastic parts surfa ce coating operations include product
substitution or reformulation, and work practice pr ocedures. Cleaning materials with low or no
VOC content or low-VOC composite vapor pressure may be used to reduce or eliminate VOC
emissions from using these materials. Work practic e procedures may also reduce VOC emission
during cleaning operations by reducing the amount o f VOC that can evaporate due to exposure to

air.

No add-on control technologies are being used spec ifically for reducing VOC emissions
from cleaning operations associated with miscellane ous metal and plastic parts surface coating.
However, if cleaning operations are performed withi n a capture system that is ducted to an addon control system, such as a hood routed to a therm al oxidizer, the VOC emissions from the
cleaning operations would be reduced by destruction in the thermal oxidizer.

1. Product Substitution/Reformulation

Reducing the composite VOC vapor pressure or VOC co ntent of the cleaning material
used, either by substitution or reformulation, is o ne pollution prevention measure that is used to
reduce VOC emissions from cleaning operations. How ever, little information is available
regarding the types of low-VOC or VOC-free cleaning materials that could be used in the
miscellaneous metal product and plastic parts surfa ce coating operations and whether they are
feasible for the broad types of coatings used.

2. Work Practice Procedures

Work practice procedures are commonly used at the miscellaneous metal product and
plastic parts surface coating facilities to reduce VOC emissions from cleaning operations. Such
work practices include the following:

C Cover mixing and storage vessels for VOC-containing cleaning materials, and
cleaning waste materials except when adding, removi ng, or mixing contents;

C Use closed containers or pipes to store and convey VOC-containing cleaning and
cleaning waste materials;

C Minimize spills of VOC-containing cleaning and clea ning waste materials; and

# 19

C Minimize VOC emissions during cleaning operations.

C. Existing Federal, State, and Local Recommendations or Regulations

The following discussion is a summary of five EPA actions, as well as State and local
regulations that address VOC emissions from miscell aneous metal product and plastic parts
coating processes. In addition, Appendices C throu gh F summarize the State and local
provisions for surface coating VOC content limits f or metal parts and plastic parts, application
equipment requirements, and cleaning operations.

1. The 1978 CTG for Surface Coating of Miscellaneous M etal Parts and Products

The 1978 CTG recommended limiting VOC emissions for each of the major types of
coatings used by the numerous and varying types of sources performing miscellaneous metal
parts and products surface coating. It was found i n developing the CTG that hundreds of small
industrial categories perform surface coating of mi scellaneous metal parts and that writing
individual guidelines for each would be unreasonabl e. Therefore, the CTG attempted to address
the different types of surface coating products tha t are used at miscellaneous metal part and
products surface coating facilities.

For each major type of coating, the 1978 CTG recomm ended a daily volume-weighted
average VOC content limit, excluding water and exem pt compounds, as applied. The CTG

recommended emission limits, in terms of mass of VO C per volume of coating less water, for the
following coating operation types:

1. Air-dried or forced air-dried coated items: 0.42 kg/l (3.5 lbs/gal), based on the use
of a 52 percent solids organic solvent-borne coatin g;

2. Clear coatings: 0.52 kg/l (4.3 lbs/gal), based o n the use of a 41 percent solids
organic solvent-borne coating;

3. Parts or products coating involving frequent col or changes or large numbers of
colors applied, or the first coat applied to an unt reated non-ferrous substrate: 0.36
kg/l (3.0 lbs/gal), based on the use of a 59 percen t solids organic solvent-borne
coating or an equivalent water-borne coating, or el ectrodeposited water-borne
coating;

4. Outdoor, harsh environment, or extreme performan ce coatings: 0.42 kg/l (3.5
lbs/gal), based on the use of a 52 percent solids o rganic solvent-borne coating;

5. Powder coatings: 0.05 kg/l (0.4 lbs/gal) based o n a coating thickness of 2 mils; and

6. All other coatings not falling under one of the preceding categories: 0.36 kg/l (3.0
lbs/gal), based on the use of a 59 percent solids o rganic solvent-borne coating or an
equivalent water-borne coating, or powder or electr odeposited water-borne coating.

The 1978 CTG assumed that sources could meet the em ission limits with the addition of
add-on controls or through the use of coatings that are low in organic solvents. The CTG
assumed either of these approaches to meeting the e mission limits would be RACT. The CTG
also recognized that current technology did not pro vide coatings low in organic solvent as
reasonable replacements for all sources and that so me situations existed in which low-polluting

# 20

coatings or add-on controls may never be technologi cally or economically feasible. The 1978
CTG did not address VOC emissions from cleaning mat erials.

2. The 1988 NSPS for Surface Coating of Plastic Parts for Business Machines (40 CFR 60
subpart TTT)

The NSPS limits the amount of VOC in coatings that are applied to office equipment,
laboratory machines, and computers. The NSPS appli es to coating booths that began

construction, reconstruction, or modification after January 8, 1986. The standard defines the
business machine sector as typewriters (SIC Code 35 72), electronic computing devices (SIC
Code 3573), calculating and accounting machines (SI C Code 3574), telephone and telegraph
equipment (SIC Code 3661), office machines (SIC Cod e 3579), and photocopy machines (SIC
Code 3861).

The NSPS sets VOC content limits for prime coats (1 .5 kg/liter coating solids applied),
color coats (1.5 kg/liter coating solids applied), texture coats (2.3 kg/liter coating solids applied)

, and touch-up coats (2.3 kg/liter coating solids app lied) in any facility in which plastic parts are
coated for use in the manufacturing of business mac hines. While the standard defines the
affected facility as spray booths, all resulting VO C emissions from the applied coatings (i.e.,
including emissions during flash off and curing) mu st also be included in calculating a facility = s compliance status.

The standards also take into account the transfer e fficiency of the equipment used to
apply the coatings, since they are in units of mass of VOC per volume of coating solids applied
to the actual part.

Add-on control devices can be used as an alternativ e means of compliance, as determined
on a case-by-case basis by the Administrator. If a dd-on controls are used, the owner or operator
must demonstrate that volume-weighted average mass of VOC emitted per unit volume of
coating solids applied is within the applicable lim it. The NSPS did not address cleaning
operations or materials.

3. The 1994 ACT for Surface Coating of Automotive/Tran sportation and Business Machine

Plastic Parts

The 1994 ACT provided alternative control technolog ies available for VOC emissions
from the surface coating of plastic parts in the au tomotive and other transportation equipment
and business machine industries. The ACT only pres ented options of alternative control and did

not establish a RACT recommendation.

The ACT stated that the use of lower VOC content co atings (such as waterborne or highsolids coatings), the use of non-VOC coatings (such as zinc-arc, UV, powder, or vapor cure
coatings), process modifications (such as improveme nts of spray equipment), or add-on controls
(such as adsorption or incineration) are all availa ble alternative control options. The 1994 ACT
did not address VOC emissions from cleaning materia ls.

Three control levels were stated in the ACT, two of which (Level 1 and Level 2) were
based on coating reformulation to a lower VOC coati ng. The third control level (Level 3) was

based on thermal incineration. A fourth control le vel (Level 4) was identified for red and black

# 21

colors of certain automotive coatings because of th e need for higher VOC contents to effectively
disperse the pigments in these colors. j



# These technologies were identified in detail in the ACT because of wide availability and
feasibility for the range of coating applications c overed by the ACT. Table 1 summarizes control
levels 1 and 2 for coating reformulation. The ACT states that these control levels would achieve
significant VOC emission reductions.

Because the 1988 NSPS limits are expressed in terms of coating solids deposited and the
1994 ACT recommended limits are expressed in terms of VOC per gallon of coating, less water
and exempt solvents, these limits cannot be compare d directly for surface coating of business
machine plastic parts without making an assumption for the transfer efficiency of the application
equipment. If we assume a transfer efficiency of 4 0 percent, then the 1988 NSPS limits for
business machine coating are less stringent than th e most stringent control level in the 1994 ACT
for comparable categories of coatings.

Table 1. Reformulation Control Levels for Lower VO C Coatings from 1994 ACT.
(All units are expressed in lb of VOC per gallon of coating, less water and exempt solvents.)

Category Control

Level 1 Control

Level 2

Auto Interiors
High-bake Color Coat 4.3 4.1
High-bake Primer 4.3 3.8

Low-bake Color Coat 5.0 3.2

Low-bake Primer 3.5 3.5

Auto Exteriors

Flexible

High-bake Color Coat 4.3 4.1
High-bake Clear Coat 3.8 3.5
High-bake Primer 5.0 4.5

Low-bake Color Coat 5.4 5.1

Low-bake Clear Coat 4.0 3.7

Low-bake Primer 5.5 5.5

Nonflexible

High-bake Color Coat 4.3 4.1

High-bake Clear Coat 3.8 3.5
High-bake Primer 4.0 3.0

Low-bake Color Coat 5.4 5.1

Low-bake Clear Coat 4.0 3.7

Low-bake Primer 5.5 5.5

Automotive/Transportation Specialty Coatings (Contr ol Levels are equal to Baseline VOC)
Group A Coatings (Black and reflective argent coati ngs, Air bag
cover coatings, Soft coatings, Vacuum metalizing ba secoats, Texture basecoats) 5.5 5.5

Group B Coatings (Gloss reducers, Vacuum metalizing topcoats, Texture topcoats) 6.4 6.4

j 

# See Section 6.0 of the 1994 ACT.

# 22

Table 1. Reformulation Control Levels for Lower VO C Coatings from 1994 ACT.
(All units are expressed in lb of VOC per gallon of coating, less water and exempt solvents.)

Category Control

Level 1 Control

Level 2
Group C Coatings (Stencil, Adhesion primers, Ink pa d, Electrostatic
prep, Resist) 6.8 6.8

Headlamp Lens Coatings 7.4 7.4

Business Machines

Color Coat 3.5 2.3

Color Coat/Texture Coat 3.5 2.3

Primer 2.9 1.2
EMI/RFI Shielding 4.0 4.0

Business Machine Specialty Coatings (Control Levels are equal to Baseline VOC)
Soft Coatings 4.3 4.3
Plating Resist 5.9 5.9
Plating Sensitizers 7.1 7.1



# 4. The 2004 NESHAP for Miscellaneous Metal Parts and P roducts

The National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air P ollutants for Miscellaneous Metal
Parts and Products (Surface Coating), 40 CFR Part 6 3, subpart MMMM was promulgated
January 2, 2004. The NESHAP applies to “major” sou rces of HAP emissions, which are
stationary sources that emit or have the potential to emit 10 tons per year or more of any single
HAP, or 25 tons per year or more of any combination of HAP.

The NESHAP applies to sources performing miscellane ous metal parts coating except
those covered by other major source surface coating NESHAP (e.g., metal parts of wood
furniture, large appliances, metal furniture, metal parts of wood building products, aerospace
vehicles and components, web coating, coil coating, ships and boats, auto and light duty truck
plants). The NESHAP regulates coating application, surface and equipment cleaning, and
depainting at affected sources, but does not apply to individual coatings used in quantity of less
than 50 gallons (189 liters) per year as long as th e total quantity of exempt coatings does not
exceed 250 gallons (946 liters) per year.

The emission limits established by the NESHAP are e xpressed in terms of kilograms of
HAP per liter coating solids (kg/l) and include the following:

C General use coatings: 0.23 kg/l (1.9 lb/gal) (new s ources) and 0.31kg/l (2.3 lb/gal)
(existing sources);

C High-performance coatings: 3.3 kg/l (27.5 lb/gal) ( for both new and existing sources);

C Magnet wire coatings: 0.05 kg/l (0.44 lb/gal) (new sources) and 0.12 kg/l (1.0 lb/gal)
(existing sources);

C Rubber-to-metal bonding of 0.81kg/l (6.8 lb/gal) (n ew sources) and 4.5 kg/l (37.7
lb/gal) (existing sources); and

# 23

C Extreme performance fluoropolymer coatings: 1.5 kg/ l (12.4 lb/gal) (for both new and
existing sources).

In this NESHAP, coatings that do not meet one of th e specialty category definitions are
subject to the general use emission limitations.

Compliance with the 2003 NESHAP can be demonstrated by any of three methods: (1) a
compliant coatings option, where all coatings used have organic HAP contents that individually
meet the organic HAP emission limit, and all thinne rs and cleaning materials contain no organic
HAP; (2) an emission rate without add-on controls o ption, where the monthly average organic
HAP emission rate is equal to or less than the orga nic HAP emission limit; or (3) emission rate
with add-on controls option

, where the monthly emission rate, taking into accoun t the emission
reduction achieved through the use of one or more c ontrol devices, is equal to or less than the
organic HAP emission limit.

Since this NESHAP is based on coating reformulation to lower the HAP content, it is not
known how compliance has affected VOC emissions, if at all, since HAP could be replaced with
non-HAP VOC in many coatings.

5. The 2004 NESHAP for Plastic Parts and Products

The National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air P ollutants for Plastic Parts and
Products (Surface Coating), 40 CFR Part 63, subpart PPP was promulgated April 19, 2004. The
NESHAP also applies to “major” sources of HAP emiss ions.

The NESHAP applies to sources performing plastic pa rt and product surface coating,
except those covered by other major source surface coating NESHAP (e.g., plastic parts of wood
furniture, large appliances, plastic parts of metal furniture, plastic parts of wood building
products, aerospace vehicles and components, web co ating, coil coating, ships and boats, auto
and light duty truck plants). The NESHAP regulate s coating, cleaning, and depainting at
affected sources, but does not apply to sources tha t use less than 100 gallons (378 liters) per year
of HAP-containing coatings.

The emission limits established by the NESHAP are i n terms of kilograms of HAP per kg
coating solids (kg/kg) and include the following:

C General use coatings: 0.16 kg/kg (0.16 lb/lb) (new sources and existing sources);

C Automotive lamp coatings: 0.26 kg/kg (0.26 lb/lb) ( new sources) and 0.45 kg/kg
(0.45 lb/lb) (existing sources);

C Thermoplastic olefin coatings: 0.22 kg/kg (0.22 lb/ lb) (new sources) and 0.26kg/kg
(0.26 lb/lb) (existing sources); and

C Assembled on-road vehicle coatings: 1.34 kg/kg (1.3 4 lb/lb) (for both new and
existing sources).

In this NESHAP, coatings that do not meet one of th e specialty category definitions are
subject to the general use emission limitations.

# 24

Compliance with the 2004 plastic Parts NESHAP can b e demonstrated by any of same

three methods as with the 2004 Metal Parts NESHAP: (1) compliant coatings option; (2)
emission rate without add-on controls option; or (3 ) emission rate with add-on controls option.
Since this NESHAP is based on coating reformulation to lower the HAP content, it is not known
how compliance has affected VOC emissions, if at al l, since HAP could be replaced with nonHAP VOC in many coatings.

6. Existing State and Local VOC Requirements

In addition to the EPA actions described above, th e EPA has identified many State and
local regulations that control VOC emissions from m iscellaneous metal product and plastic part
surface coating operations.

At least 37 States and local jurisdictions have reg ulations that control VOC emissions
from miscellaneous metal parts surface coating. Th e vast majority of these States (except
California) have incorporated the categories and co rresponding VOC emission limits
recommended by the 1978 CTG for metal parts surface coating. However, 19 States have
included additional categories and limits, usually to specifically address high performance
architectural coatings, steel pail and drum coating s, or heavy duty truck coating. Several States
(at least 11) incorporated an emission limit for th e coating of steel pail or drum interiors. Two
States incorporate an emission limit for high perfo rmance architectural aluminum coatings, while
two other states incorporate provisions for minimum transfer efficiency of spray applied
coatings. Appendix C summarizes the applicable Sta te and local metal parts surface coating

rules.

To aid regional air districts in developing emissi on limits to meet or maintain ambient air
quality standards, the California Air Resources Boa rd (ARB) developed its own recommendation
of RACT in 1992. Compared to the 1978 CTG, which r ecommended separate limits for five
categories, the 1992 ARB guidance has specific limi ts for more categories of specialty coatings
that cannot meet the more stringent “general use” c ategory limits. However, overall, the
recommended VOC content limits in the 1992 ARB guid ance are more stringent than the

recommended limits in the 1978 CTG.

These RACT recommendations were the basis for emis sion limits established by
individual California Air Quality Management Distri cts. A total of 15 air pollution control

Districts in California have established rules for metal part surface coating operations, but they
do not all include the same categories and limits a s the ARB RACT guidance.

Among these Districts, the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD)
has adopted the most stringent VOC content limits f or 21 categories of metal parts coatings in
SCAQMD Rule 1107 (South Coast Rule 1107). All of t hese limits, except the limits for four
categories of air dried coatings (general use one c omponent coatings, extreme high gloss, and
one and two component high performance architectura l component coatings), have been in place

since the rule’s 1996 amendment or earlier. Since the 1996 amendment, SCAQMD has further
tightened the limits for these four categories of a ir dried coatings through subsequent

amendments to Rule 1107.

In addition to setting VOC content limits, South Co ast Rule 1107 requires that, if add-on
controls are used, the control system must capture at least 90 percent of the VOC emissions.
Rule 1107 further requires that the captured VOC em issions be reduced by at least 95 percent or

# 25

the VOC concentration at the outlet of the air poll ution control device be no more than 5 parts
per million (ppm) VOC by volume calculated as carbo n with no dilution, and that the control
system achieves at least 90 percent capture. The ad d-on control requirements described above
have been in place since the rule’s 1996 amendment or earlier.

In addition to South Coast Rule 1107, SCAQMD has a lso issued Rule 1125 to regulate
VOC emissions from steel pail and drum coating oper ations, whose coatings are included in the
miscellaneous metal products coatings category list ed under 183(e). Rule 1125 establishes limits
for interior and exterior coatings used on new and reconditioned drums and pails. At least four
other Districts have specific limits for these surf ace coating operations in either their metal part
surface coating rules or rules for metal container coating operations.

At least 13 States have emission limits for coating lines that are specifically for plastic
parts and products. Seven of the State rules (Dela ware, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New
Hampshire, Tennessee, and Wisconsin) and the one pr oposed rule (Ohio) are specifically for
automotive and business machine plastic parts and f ollow the categories and control levels
included in the 1994 ACT for these categories. The other six states (Arizona, California,
Indiana, Maryland, Missouri, and New York) have not adopted the control levels provided in the
1994 ACT. Instead, they have adopted limits for on ly one or two categories of plastic parts
coatings. In some cases, these limits apply to all plastic parts coatings and are not limited to only
automotive or business machine plastic parts. Thes e limits are generally not as stringent as the
most stringent control level in the 1994 ACT for co mparable coating categories.

Three California Air Quality Management Districts, including the South Coast AQMD,
have rules containing emission limits for coating p lastic parts. Appendix D summarizes the
applicable State and local plastic part surface coa ting rules, both for general plastic parts coating
and for automotive/transportation and business mach ine plastic parts.

South Coast Rule 1145 (Plastic, Rubber, Leather, An d Glass Coatings) has VOC content
limits for 11 categories of coatings that can be ap plied to plastics. All of these limits, except the
limits for four categories (general use one and two component coatings, electrical dissipating and
shock free coatings, and optical coatings), have be en in place since the rule’s 1997 amendment
or earlier. Since the 1997 amendment, SCAQMD has f urther tightened the limits for the four
categories identified above through subsequent amen dments to Rule 1145.

In addition to setting VOC content limits, South Co ast Rule 1145 requires that, if add-on
controls are used the control system must capture a t least 90 percent of the VOC emissions. Rule
1145 further requires that the captured VOC emissio ns be reduced by at least 95 percent or the
VOC concentration at the outlet of the air pollutio n control device be no more than 5 parts per
million (ppm) VOC by volume calculated as carbon wi th no dilution, and that the control system
achieves at least 90 percent capture. The add-on c ontrol requirements described above have
been in place since 1997 or earlier.

As mentioned above in section IV, miscellaneous met al products and plastic parts
coatings include coatings that are applied to the m etal and plastic components of a wide range of
products, including pleasure craft (recreational bo ats). Pleasure craft are often made of plastic
(e.g., fiberglass) or metal, usually aluminum. Ple asure craft surface coating is performed either
as part of the manufacturing process or during main tenance and repair. California is the only
State in which specific VOC limits address pleasure craft surface coating. Six California Air

# 26

Pollution Control Districts have surface coating ru les that address pleasure craft surface coating.
Three of these Districts (Bay Area, Mojave Desert, and San Diego) have rules for marine surface
coating, which includes pleasure craft surface coat ing. The Bay Area rule applies to surface
coating of all vessels, but only to coatings sold i n containers greater than one gallon, and does
not include specific limits for coatings applied to pleasure craft. The other two Districts (Mojave
Desert and San Diego) have rules with specific limi ts for coatings applied to pleasure craft.

Three California Districts (Antelope Valley, Ventur a County, and South Coast) have
rules that specifically address pleasure craft surf ace coating as a separate category from
miscellaneous metal parts coating, plastic parts co ating, and marine coating. These three rules
have separate definitions and VOC limits for eight categories of pleasure craft coatings used on
either metal or plastic substrates. The three Dist rict rules have nearly the same categories and

VOC limits, but the South Coast limits are the most stringent among the three where there are
differences in VOC limits. Appendix E summarizes t he California Air District rules for pleasure
craft surface coating and marine coatings.

Several States (Arizona, California, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire) have
requirements to use specific types of high-efficien cy coating application methods to further

reduce VOC emissions. In California, ten of the Ai r Quality Management Districts require the
use of high efficiency application methods as part of either metal part or plastic part surface
coating rules. These high efficiency methods inclu de the following types of application
equipment: electrostatic application; flow coating; dip coating; roll coating; hand application;
high-volume, low-pressure (HVLP) spray; or an alter native method that is demonstrated to be
capable of achieving a transfer efficiency equal to or better than HVLP spray. Three other states
(Arizona, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire) have si milar requirements for either metal or
plastic part surface coating operations. Appendix F summarizes the State and local requirements
that specify high-efficiency application methods.

California and at least 11 other States have requir ements to reduce VOC emissions from
cleaning materials used in metal and plastic part s urface coating operations for either surface
preparation or spray gun cleaning. At least 12 Dis tricts in California regulate the VOC content
of cleaning materials used in metal or plastic part surface coating operations. These regulations
are aimed at reducing VOC emissions from cleaning m aterials by combining work practice and
equipment standards with limits on the VOC content, boiling point, or composite vapor pressure
of the solvent being used.

Some District rules allow the use of add-on control s as an alternative to the VOC
content/boiling point/vapor pressure limits for cle aning materials. As mentioned above, several
Districts have also established work practice and e quipment standards to minimize VOC solvent
emissions. These standards include, for example, u sing closed containers for storing solvent and
solvent containing wipes and rags, using enclosed a nd automated spray gun washing equipment,
and prohibiting atomized spraying of solvent during spray gun cleaning. However, the cleaning
material VOC content/boiling point/vapor pressure l imits, overall control efficiency
requirements, and work practices vary by District.

At least 12 States have cleaning material work pra ctice requirements that apply to
miscellaneous metal or plastic part surface coating operations for either surface preparation or
spray gun cleaning. Of these, only one (Massachuse tts) limits the VOC content of solvents used
for surface preparation, and no State limits the VO C content or vapor pressure of solvents used

# 27

specifically for spray gun cleaning. Instead, the States have established equipment standards and
work practices, such as the use of enclosed spray g un washers and requirements to store solvents
and solvent containing rags and wipes in closed con tainers. However, for metal part surface
coating operations, seven States require that VOC f rom equipment cleaning must be considered
in determining compliance with the emission limits, unless the solvent is directed into containers
that prevent evaporation into the atmosphere. Appe ndix G summarizes the State and local
requirements for cleaning solvents used for surface preparation and spray gun cleaning.

VI. Recommended Control Options

Based on a review of the previous Federal actions a nd the current State and local
requirements discussed above, we are recommending t hree options for controlling the VOC
emissions from the coatings used by miscellaneous m etal product and plastic part surface coating
facilities. We are also recommending work practice s to further reduce VOC emissions from
coatings as well as to minimize emissions from clea ning materials used in miscellaneous metal
product and plastic part surface coating processes.

To control VOC emissions from miscellaneous metal a nd plastic part surface coatings,
we are recommending the following three options: (1 ) VOC content limits for each coating
category based on the use of low-VOC content coatin gs and specified application methods to
achieve good transfer efficiency; (2) equivalent VO C emission rate limits based on the use of a
combination of low-VOC coatings, specified applicat ion methods, and add-on controls; or (3) an
overall VOC control efficiency of 90 percent for fa cilities that choose to use add-on controls
instead of low-VOC content coatings and specified a pplication methods.

We are recommending that states provide all three o ptions described above in their
RACT rules for miscellaneous metal products and pla stic parts coatings. That is, we are
recommending that States not include just one optio n and exclude the other two. All three
options are recommended to be included, together, s o as to provide flexibility to facilities as they
reduce their VOC emissions in response to State RAC T determinations.

The low-VOC coatings recommendation (Option 1) cons ists of VOC content limits in
terms of mass of VOC per volume of coating, as appl ied, excluding water and exempt
compounds, and the use of specified application met hods.

The equivalent emission rate limit recommendation ( Option 2) consists of emission rate
limits in terms of mass of VOC emitted per volume o f coating solids, as applied, and the use of
specific application methods. This option is inten ded only for facilities using a combination of
low-VOC coatings, specific application methods, and add-on control equipment on a coating unit

to meet the recommended limits for mass of VOC emit ted per volume of coating solids.

The VOC emission rate limits in Option 2 (VOC per v olume solids) were converted from
the VOC content limits in Option 1 using an assumed VOC density of 7.36 lb/gallon (883
g/liter). The units of VOC per volume solids are u sed in Option 2 instead of VOC per volume
coating, less water and exempt compounds (as in Opt ion 1), because the former units are more
compatible with the use of an add-on control, which is among the control measures contemplated
under Option 2. As the efficiency of the control d evice increases, the emission rate, expressed as
VOC per volume solids, decreases in a measurable an d predictable manner. The same is not true
for VOC per volume coating, less water and exempt c ompounds, because these units cannot be

# 28

directly related to VOC emissions unless the volume of water and exempt compounds is known
and accounted for in each coating.

In addition, we are recommending the specified use of one or more of the following
coating application methods in conjunction with the use of low-VOC content coatings in options
1 and 2: electrostatic application, HVLP spray, flo w coat, roller coat, dip coat (including
electrodeposition), airless spray, air-assisted air less spray, or other coating application methods
capable of achieving a transfer efficiency equivale nt to or better than that achieved by HVLP
spraying.

Under option 3, a facility would use an emission ca pture system and add-on control
device to achieve an overall emission capture and c ontrol efficiency of at least 90 percent. The
facility would not have to limit the VOC content of the coating materials, and would not need to
use any particular coating application method.

The first two options are expected to achieve equiv alent VOC emission reductions. The
third option provides facilities the flexibility to use a high efficiency add-on control in lieu of
low VOC coatings and specified application methods, especially when the use of high VOC
coatings is necessary or desirable. The third opti on is expected to achieve an emission reduction
at least as great as the first two options.

We are recommending that all VOC-containing materia ls (i.e., coatings, thinners, and any
other additives) used by each miscellaneous metal a nd plastic part surface coating unit should be
included when determining the coating unit’s emissi on rate.

For Option 1, we are recommending the VOC content l imits and application method, as
well as the exemptions, in the following State regu lations:

C South Coast AQMD’s Rule 1106.1 (as amended February 12, 1999) for Pleasure
Craft Coating Operations.

C South Coast AQMD’s Rule 1107 (March 6, 1996) for Co ating of Metal Parts and

Products.

C South Coast AQMD’s Rule 1125 (as amended January 13 , 1995) for Metal
Container, Closure, And Coil Coating.

C South Coast AQMD’s Rule 1145 (February 14, 1997) fo r Plastic, Rubber, Leather,
And Glass Coatings.

C Michigan Rule 336.1632 (as amended April 28, 1993) for Emission of Volatile
Organic Compounds From Existing Automobile, Truck, And Business Machine
Plastic Part Coating Lines.

The limits in SCAQMD Rule 1125 and Michigan Rule 33 6.1632 have been in place since

the amendments noted above for these rules. As men tioned above, SCAQMD has changed the
limits for several categories in SCAQMD Rules 1107 and 1145 in subsequent amendments to

these two rules. These new limits, however, have not been in place very long. We do not have
information regarding the cost of implementing thes e new limits. We could not conclude that
these limits are technologically and economically f easible and, therefore, reflect RACT for all

affected facilities in ozone nonattainment areas na tionwide. We are, therefore, not

# 29

recommending the limits in SCAQMD Rules 1107 and 11 45 promulgated subsequent to the

amendments to these rules noted above.

The recommended limits in the SCAQMD rules describe d above are more stringent than
the limits provided in other existing Federal, Stat e, and local actions limiting VOC emissions
from these coating categories. Because of the larg e size of the SCAQMD and the number of
regulated sources, the facilities subject to these four SCAQMD rules are considered to be
representative of the type of sources located in ot her parts of the country. The recommended

limits from Rules 1107, 1125, and 1145 have been or were in effect a long time (i.e., since 1997
or earlier). The limits in Rule 1106.1, except for non-aluminum antifoulant coatings, have been

in effect since 1994, and the limit for non-aluminu m antifoulant coatings has been in effect since

2001. Therefore, we believe that these limits are technically and economically feasible for
sources in other parts of the country and, therefor e, have included them as our recommendations

in the final CTG.

The Michigan rule is based on the control levels pr ovided in the 1994 ACT, which is
more stringent than the 1988 NSPS for comparable co ating categories for business machines.
Michigan has a substantial number of sources subjec t to Rule 336.1632, and these sources’
compliance with Michigan Rule 336.1632 shows that t he VOC content limits in Michigan Rule
336.1632 are technically and economically feasible. The limits in the Michigan rule have been

in effect since 1993. Therefore, we recommend in t he final CTG the VOC content limits
contained in Michigan Rule 336.1632.

Specifically, for metal parts surface coatings exce pt high performance architectural
coatings, our recommended Option 1 includes the VOC content limits in South Coast Rule 1107
(Coating of Metal Parts and Products) (March 6, 19 96). As in that rule, we recommend separate
limits for baked coatings and air-dried coatings fo r 21 categories of coatings used on metal parts.
Option 1 also includes the four limits for drum, pa il and lid coating in South Coast Rule 1125,
(Metal Container, Closure, and Coil Coating Operati ons). With respect to high performance
architectural coatings, we are recommending a VOC l imit of 0.74 kg VOC/l (6.2 lb/gal) coating,
less water and exempt compounds. Liquid high perfo rmance architectural coatings currently
available and in use today contain significantly mo re than the 3.5 lb VOC/gallon limit we

recommended in the draft CTG. The cost of converti ng to powder coatings or installing and
operating add-on controls to meet a limit of 3.5 lb VOC/gallon generally would be unreasonable
compared to the emission reduction that would be ac hieved. The 6.2 lb VOC/gallon limit
recommended in this final CTG can be achieved by th e liquid high performance architectural
coatings currently available and in use today. Fur ther reformulation to reduce VOC below the
recommended 6.2 lb VOC/gallon limit may not be tech nically feasible. In light of all of the
above, we believe that the 6.2 lb VOC/gallon limit represents RACT for high performance
architectural coatings.

For surface coating of plastic parts that are not p art of automotive/transportation
equipment or business machines, Option 1 includes t he VOC content limits in South Coast Rule
1145 (Plastic, Rubber, Leather, and Glass coatings) for 11 categories of plastic parts coatings
(February 14, 1997). These limits became effective January 1, 1998. As mentioned above, all
but four of these limits are still in place.

For surface coatings for automotive plastic parts a nd business machine plastic parts,
Option 1 includes the VOC content limits in Michiga n Rule 336.1632 (Emission of Volatile

# 30

Organic Compounds from Existing Automobile, Truck, and Business Machine Plastic Part
Coating Lines). We also recommend applying these l imits to surface coating of plastic parts on
fully assembled motor vehicles, as well as separate parts. These include, for example, the
surface coating of fiberglass bodies on assembled r ecreational vehicles (RVs).

For surface coating of pleasure craft (recreational boats), Option 1 includes the VOC
content limits in South Coast Rule 1106.1 (Pleasure Craft Surface Coating) for the eight
categories of coatings that could be used on metal or plastic substrates. k 

# These separate
categories and limits are being included in our rec ommendations to recognize the unique
performance requirements of pleasure craft coatings , such as their suitability for use in marine
environments, durability, and high gloss.

We are also recommending under Option 1 specific V OC content limits for certain motor

vehicle materials used at facilities that are not a utomobile or light-duty truck assembly coating
facilities. Since these motor vehicle materials ty pically are low use materials and are often used
in areas of these facilities that would expensive t o control with add-on controls (e.g., used in
open assembly areas), we are only recommending VOC content limits for these materials
(Option 1), and are not recommending VOC emission r ate limits (Option 2) or an overall 90
percent control efficiency (Option 3).

We recommend that EPA Method 24 in Appendix A-7 of 40 CFR part 60, be used to
determine the VOC content of coating materials used at miscellaneous metal and plastic part
coating facilities. In addition, we recommend that manufacturer’s formulation data be accepted

as an alternative to EPA Method 24. If there is a disagreement between manufacturer's
formulation data and the results of a subsequent te st, we recommend that States use the test
method results unless the facility can make a demon stration to the States' satisfaction that the

manufacturer's formulation data are correct.

Consistent with the State rules which are the basis for the recommended VOC limits, we
are recommending that the recommended VOC limits an d application methods not apply to
certain types of coatings and coating operations. For all coating operations, we are
recommending that the recommended VOC limits and ap plication methods not apply to aerosol
coating products or powder coatings. Aerosol coati ngs are a separate category under Section
183(e), and powder coatings are an inherently low-V OC alternative to many liquid coatings.

For metal parts coatings, we are recommending that only the recommended work
practices, but not the recommended VOC limits and a pplication methods, apply to the
following types of coatings and coating operations:

C Stencil coatings;

C Safety-indicating coatings;

C Solid-film lubricants;

C Electric-insulating and thermal-conducting coatings ;

k 

# VOC limits for wood coatings (teak primers and cle ar wood finishes) that are included in South

Coast Rule 1106.1 are not included in these recomme ndations because wood surface coating is
not part of this source category under Section 183( e).

# 31

C Magnetic data storage disk coatings; and

C Plastic extruded onto metal parts to form a coating

.

For metal parts coatings, we also recommend that th e recommended application methods
not apply to touch-up coatings, repair coatings, an d textured finishes, but we recommend that the
recommended VOC limits and work practices apply to these coatings and coating operations.

For plastic parts coatings, we are recommending th at the recommended application
methods and work practices, but not the recommended VOC limits, apply to the following types
of coatings and coating operations:

C Touch-up and repair coatings;

C Stencil coatings applied on clear or transparent su bstrates;

C Clear or translucent coatings;

C Coatings applied at a paint manufacturing facility while conducting performance
tests on the coatings;

C Any individual coating category used in volumes les s than 50 gallons in any one
year, if substitute compliant coatings are not avai lable, provided that the total usage
of all such coatings does not exceed 200 gallons pe r year, per facility;

C Reflective coating applied to highway cones;

C Mask coatings that are less than 0.5 millimeter thi ck (dried) and the area coated is
less than 25 square inches;

C EMI/RFI shielding coatings; and

C Heparin-benzalkonium chloride (HBAC)-containing coa tings applied to medical
devices, provided that the total usage of all such coatings does not exceed 100
gallons per year, per facility.

For plastic parts coatings, we also recommend that the recommended application methods
not apply to airbrush operations using 5 gallons or less per year of coating, but we recommend
that the VOC limits and work practices apply to the se operations.

For automotive/transportation and business machine plastic part coating, we are
recommending that the recommended application metho ds and work practices , but not the
recommended VOC limits, apply to the following type s of coatings and operations:

C Texture Coatings;

C Vacuum Metalizing Coatings;

C Gloss Reducers;

C Texture Topcoats;

# 32

C Adhesion Primers;

C Electrostatic preparation coatings;

C Resist coatings; and

C Stencil Coatings.

For pleasure craft surface coating operations, we r ecommend that the recommended
application methods not apply to extreme high gloss coatings, but we recommend that the VOC
limits and work practices do apply to these coating s.

The VOC content limits can be met by averaging the VOC content of materials used on a
single surface coating unit each day (i.e., daily w ithin-coating unit averaging). We do not
recommend the use of cross-coating unit averaging ( i.e., averaging across multiple coating units)
to meet the VOC content limits. However, we have p reviously provided guidance on cross-line
averaging. l 

# The guidance is directed to State and local agenc ies that elect to adopt a
discretionary economic incentive program (EIP) and includes guidance on the use of cross-line
averaging.

For cleaning materials, we are recommending work pr actices for use with all three of
the control options to reduce VOC emissions. We ar e not recommending the application of
add-on controls in conjunction with these work prac tices. The use of add-on controls to
reduce emissions from cleaning operations at miscel laneous metal product and plastic part
surface coating facilities would be a costly option because the area to be controlled is quite large
and a large volume of air would be captured and dir ected to a control device. We are also not
recommending the use of a VOC content or VOC compos ite vapor pressure limit for cleaning

materials. We do not have information available re garding current VOC content or VOC
composite vapor pressure usage to determine a RACT limit(s) for cleaning materials used in
these numerous and various miscellaneous metal prod uct and plastic part surface coating
operations.

We estimate that our recommendations for coatings a nd cleaning materials will reduce
VOC emissions from miscellaneous metal and plastic part coatings by about 35 percent (a
reduction of 7,034 Mg/yr (7,738 tpy) of VOC) from t he nonattainment area facilities above the
recommended 6.8 kg/day (15 lb/day) threshold. In o ur analysis of the impacts of the

recommended level of control, we have assumed that all facilities will choose to utilize the lowVOC coating materials option. We made this assumpt ion for two reasons. First, we believe
that low-VOC coating materials are already widely a vailable at a cost that is not significantly
greater than the cost of coating materials with hig her VOC contents. Secondly, the use of addon controls to reduce emissions from typical spray coating operations would be a more costly
option.

The following discussion summarizes our specific re commendations for coating
operations and cleaning materials used in miscellan eous metal product and plastic part
surface coating operations.

l 

# Improving Air Quality with Economic Incentive Prog rams. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Research Triangle Park, NC. EPA-452/R-01-001. Jan uary 2001.

# 33

A. Recommended Option 1 for Reducing Coating Emissions : VOC Content Limits Based on
Low-VOC Coatings

We are recommending separate sets of emission limit s for metal parts coatings, plastic
parts coatings, automotive/transportation and busin ess machine plastic parts, and pleasure craft
coatings. For the metal parts coatings, we are rec ommending separate emission limits for baked
and air-dried coatings. Provided in the following five tables are the recommended emission
limits expressed in terms of mass of VOC per volume of coating (excluding water and exempt
compounds, as applied).

Table 2. Metal Parts and Products VOC Content Limi ts

Air Dried Baked

Coating Category kg VOC/l
coating lb VOC/gal

coating kg VOC/l

coating lb VOC/gal

coating
General One Component 0.34 2.8 0.28 2.3

General Multi Component 0.34 2.8 0.28 2.3

Camouflage 0.42 3.5 0.42 3.5

Electric-Insulating Varnish 0.42 3.5 0.42 3.5

Etching Filler 0.42 3.5 0.42 3.5

Extreme High-Gloss 0.42 3.5 0.36 3.0

Extreme Performance 0.42 3.5 0.36 3.0

Heat-Resistant 0.42 3.5 0.36 3.0

High Performance Architectural 0.74 6.2 0.74 6.2

High Temperature 0.42 3.5 0.42 3.5

Metallic 0.42 3.5 0.42 3.5

Military Specification 0.34 2.8 0.28 2.3

Mold-Seal 0.42 3.5 0.42 3.5

Pan Backing 0.42 3.5 0.42 3.5

Prefabricated Architectural MultiComponent 0.42 3.5 0.28 2.3

Prefabricated Architectural OneComponent 0.42 3.5 0.28 2.3

Pretreatment Coatings 0.42 3.5 0.42 3.5

Repair and Touch Up 0.42 3.5 0.36 3.0

Silicone Release 0.42 3.5 0.42 3.5

Solar-Absorbent 0.42 3.5 0.36 3.0

Vacuum-Metalizing 0.42 3.5 0.42 3.5

Drum Coating, New, Exterior 0.34 2.8 0.34 2.8

Drum Coating, New, Interior 0.42 3.5 0.42 3.5

Drum Coating, Reconditioned, Exterior 0.42 3.5 0.42 3.5

Drum Coating, Reconditioned, Interior 0.50 4.2 0.50 4.2

# 34 Table 3. Plastic Parts And Products VOC Content Li mits

Coating Category kg VOC/liter
coating lbs VOC/gal

coating
General One Component 0.28 2.3

General Multi Component 0.42 3.5

Electric Dissipating Coatings and Shock-Free Coatin gs 0.80 6.7

Extreme Performance 0.42
(2-pack coatings) 3.5

(2-pack coatings)

Metallic 0.42 3.5

Military Specification 0.34 (1 pack)
0.42 (2 pack) 2.8 (1 pack)

3.5 (2 pack)

Mold-Seal 0.76 6.3

Multi-colored Coatings 0.68 5.7
Optical Coatings 0.80 6.7

Vacuum-Metalizing 0.80 6.7

Table 4. 

# Automotive/Transportation and Business Machine Plas tic Parts VOC Content

Limits

Coating Category kg VOC/liter coating lbs VOC/gal coating

Automotive/Transportation Coatings 1



# I. High Bake Coatings – Interior and Exterior Part s

Flexible Primer 0.54 4.5

Non-flexible Primer 0.42 3.5

Base Coats 0.52 4.3

Clear Coat 0.48 4.0

Non-basecoat/clear coat 0.52 4.3

II. Low Bake/Air Dried Coatings – Exterior Parts

Primers 0.58 4.8

Basecoat 0.60 5.0

Clearcoats: 0.54 4.5

Non-basecoat/clearcoat 0.60 5.0

III. Low Bake/Air Dried Coatings –

Interior Parts 0.60 5.0

IV. Touchup and Repair Coatings 0.62 5.2

Business Machine Coatings

I. Primers 0.35 2.9

II. Topcoat 0.35 2.9

III. Texture Coat 0.35 2.9

IV. Fog Coat 0.26 2.2

V. Touchup and repair 0.35 2.9

1 

# For red, yellow, and black automotive coatings, ex cept touch up and repair coatings, the recommended
limit is determined by multiplying the appropriate limit in this table by 1.15.

# 35 Table 5. Pleasure Craft Surface Coating VOC Conten t Limits

Coating Category kg VOC/liter
coating lbs VOC/gal

coating
Extreme High Gloss Topcoat 0.49 4.1

High Gloss Topcoat 0.42 3.5

Pretreatment Wash Primers 0.78 6.5

Finish Primer/Surfacer 0.42 3.5

High Build Primer Surfacer 0.34 2.8
Aluminum Substrate Antifoulant Coating 0.56 4.7

Other Substrate Antifoulant Coating 0.33 2.8

All other pleasure craft surface coatings for metal
or plastic 0.42 3.5

Table 6. Motor Vehicle Materials VOC Content Limi ts

Coating Category kg VOC/liter
coating lbs VOC/gal

coating
Motor vehicle cavity wax 0.65 5.4

Motor vehicle sealer 0.65 5.4

Motor vehicle deadener 0.65 5.4

Motor vehicle gasket/gasket sealing material 0.20 1 .7
Motor vehicle underbody coating 0.65 5.4

Motor vehicle trunk interior coating 0.65 5.4

Motor vehicle bedliner 0.20 1.7

Motor vehicle lubricating wax/compound 0.70 5.8

B. Recommended Option 2 for Reducing Coating VOC Emiss ions: Emission Rate Limits
Based on Low-VOC Coatings and Add-on Controls - VOC per Volume Solids
The recommended emission limits can also be expres sed in terms of mass of VOC
per volume of coating solids, as applied. This rec ommendation is intended for facilities that use
a combination of low-VOC coatings and add-on contro l equipment on a coating unit. Using an
assumed VOC density of 7.36 pounds per gallon, the equivalent limits in terms of mass of VOC
per volume of solids, as applied, are provided in t he following three tables. As noted earlier, for

the motor vehicle materials listed in Table 6 unde r Option 1, above, we are not recommending
alternative emission rate limits (VOC per volume so lids).

# 36

Table 7. Metal Parts and Products VOC Emission Rat e Limits (VOC per Volume

Solids)

Air Dried Baked

Coating Category kg VOC/l

solids lb VOC/gal

solids Kg VOC/l

solids lb VOC/gal

solids
General One Component 0.54 4.52 0.40 3.35

General Multi Component 0.54 4.52 0.40 3.35

Camouflage 0.80 6.67 0.80 6.67

Electric-Insulating Varnish 0.80 6.67 0.80 6.67

Etching Filler 0.80 6.67 0.80 6.67

Extreme High-Gloss 0.80 6.67 0.61 5.06

Extreme Performance 0.80 6.67 0.61 5.06

Heat-Resistant 0.80 6.67 0.61 5.06

High Performance Architectural 4.56 38.0 4.56 38.0

High Temperature 0.80 6.67 0.80 6.67

Metallic 0.80 6.67 0.80 6.67

Military Specification 0.54 4.52 0.40 3.35

Mold-Seal 0.80 6.67 0.80 6.67

Pan Backing 0.80 6.67 0.80 6.67

Prefabricated Architectural MultiComponent 0.80 6.67 0.40 3.35

Prefabricated Architectural OneComponent 0.80 6.67 0.40 3.35

Pretreatment Coatings 0.80 6.67 0.80 6.67

Silicone Release 0.80 6.67 0.80 6.67

Solar-Absorbent 0.80 6.67 0.61 5.06

Vacuum-Metalizing 0.80 6.67 0.80 6.67

Drum Coating, New, Exterior 0.54 4.52 0.54 4.52

Drum Coating, New, Interior 0.80 6.67 0.80 6.67

Drum Coating, Reconditioned, Exterior 0.80 6.67 0.80 6.67

Drum Coating, Reconditioned, Interior 1.17 9.78 1.1 7 9.78

# 37

Table 8. Plastic Parts And Products VOC Emission R ate Limits (VOC per Volume

Solids)

Coating Category kg VOC/liter solids lbs VOC/gal solids

General One Component 0.40 3.35

General Multi Component 0.80 6.67

Electric Dissipating Coatings and Shock-Free Coatin gs 8.96 74.7

Extreme Performance 0.80
(2-pack coatings) 6.67

(2-pack coatings)

Metallic 0.80 6.67
Military Specification 0.54 (1 pack)
0.80 (2 pack) 4.52 (1 pack)

6.67 (2 pack)

Mold-Seal 5.24 43.7

Multi-colored Coatings 3.04 25.3

Optical Coatings 8.96 74.7

Vacuum-Metalizing 8.96 74.7



# Table 9. Automotive/Transportation and Business Ma chine Plastic Parts VOC

Emission Rate Limits
(VOC per Volume Solids)

Coating Category kg VOC/liter solids lbs VOC/gal solids

Automotive/Transportation Coatings 1



# I. High Bake Coatings – Interior and Exterior Part s

Flexible Primer 1.39 11.58

Non-flexible Primer 0.80 6.67

Base Coats 1.24 10.34

Clear Coat 1.05 8.76

Non-basecoat/clear coat 1.24 10.34

II. Low Bake/Air Dried Coatings – Exterior Parts

Primers 1.66 13.80

Basecoat 1.87 15.59

Clearcoats: 1.39 11.58

Non-basecoat/clearcoat 1.87 15.59

III. Low Bake/Air Dried Coatings –

Interior Parts 1.87 15.59

IV. Touchup and Repair Coatings 2.13 17.72

Business Machine Coatings

I. Primers 0.57 4.80

II. Topcoat 0.57 4.80

III. Texture Coat 0.57 4.80

IV. Fog Coat 0.38 3.14

V. Touchup and repair 0.57 4.80

1 

# For red, yellow, and black automotive coatings, ex cept touch up and repair coatings, the recommended
limit is determined by multiplying the appropriate limit in this table by 1.15.

# 38 Table 10. Pleasure Craft Surface Coating VOC Emiss ion Rate Limits

(VOC per Volume Solids)

Coating Category kg VOC/liter

solids lbs VOC/gal

solids
Extreme High Gloss Topcoat 1.10 9.2

High Gloss Topcoat 0.80 6.7

Pretreatment Wash Primers 6.67 55.6

Finish Primer/Surfacer 0.80 6.7

High Build Primer Surfacer 0.55 4.6

Aluminum Substrate Antifoulant Coating 1.53 12.8

Other Substrate Antifoulant Coating 0.53 4.4

All other pleasure craft surface coatings for metal
or plastic 0.80 6.7

C. Recommended Option 3 for Reducing Coating VOC Emiss ions: Add-on Controls In Lieu
of Low-VOC Coatings and Specified Application Metho ds

Should product performance requirements or other ne eds dictate the use of higher-VOC

materials than those that would meet the recommende d emission limits, a facility could choose
to use add-on control equipment with an overall con trol efficiency of 90 percent in lieu of using
low-VOC coatings and specified application methods. This control option, like the two options
described above, applies to all coatings and thinne rs applied to miscellaneous metal and plastic
part components or products, except as described ab ove for motor vehicle materials.

For both recommended options 2 and 3, available add -on devices include, for example,

oxidizers, adsorbers, absorbers, and concentrators. Add-on devices coupled with capture
systems to collect the VOC being released at the af fected facilities can achieve an overall control
efficiency of 90 percent.

D. Work Practices for Coating-Related Activities

In addition to the control options above, this CTG recommends work practices to further
reduce VOC emissions from miscellaneous metal and p lastic part surface coating-related
activities. Although VOC reductions achieved by im plementing the recommended work
practices may not be quantifiable, they are benefic ial to the overall goal of reducing VOC
emissions. We recommend work practices for storage , mixing operations, and handling
operations for coatings, thinners, and coating-rela ted waste materials. We recommend these
practices for use with all three of the control opt ions described above.

Specifically, we recommend the following work pract ices: (1) store all VOC-containing
coatings, thinners, and coating-related waste mater ials in closed containers; (2) ensure that
mixing and storage containers used for VOC-containi ng coatings, thinners, and coating-related
waste materials are kept closed at all times except when depositing or removing these materials;
(3) minimize spills of VOC-containing coatings, thi nners, and coating-related waste materials;
and (4) convey VOC-containing coatings, thinners, a nd coating-related waste materials from one
location to another in closed containers or pipes.

# 39

E. Work Practices for Cleaning Materials

This CTG recommends work practices to reduce VOC em issions from cleaning materials
used in miscellaneous metal product and plastic par t surface coating operations. These cleaning

materials include both materials used to clean surf aces before coating (surface preparation) and
to clean application equipment between coating jobs . Although VOC reductions achieved by
implementing the recommended work practices may not be quantifiable, they are beneficial to
the overall goal of reducing VOC emissions. We rec ommend work practices for storage, mixing,
and handling operations for cleaning materials. We recommend these practices for use with all
three of the control options described above

Specifically, we recommend that, at a minimum, the work practices include the
following: (1) store all VOC-containing cleaning ma terials and used shop towels in closed
containers; (2) ensure that storage containers used for VOC-containing cleaning materials are
kept closed at all times except when depositing or removing these materials; (3) minimize spills of
VOC-containing cleaning materials; (4) convey VOC-c ontaining cleaning materials from one
location to another in closed containers or pipes; and (5) minimize VOC emission from cleaning
of application, storage, mixing, and conveying equi pment by ensuring that equipment cleaning is
performed without atomizing the cleaning solvent an d all spent solvent is captured in closed

containers.

VII. Cost Effectiveness of Recommended Control Options

We used the 2002 National Emissions Inventory (NEI) database to estimate the number
of miscellaneous metal product and plastic part man ufacturing facilities. Based on the 2002

NEI, we estimated that there are a total of 3,925 m iscellaneous metal product and plastic part
facilities in the U.S. Using the 2004 ozone nonatt ainment designations, we estimated that a

total of 2,539 of these facilities are in ozone non attainment areas. Based on the NEI VOC

emissions data, 1,269 of the 2,539 facilities in oz one nonattainment areas emitted at or above
the 6.8 kg/day (15 lb/day) recommended VOC emission s applicability threshold. These 1,269
facilities emitted a total of about 20,098 Mg/yr of VOC (22,108 tpy), or an average of about
15.5 Mg/yr (17.0 tpy) of VOC per facility.

As previously mentioned, the recommendations in thi s CTG are similar to the South
Coast regulations governing miscellaneous metal pro duct and plastic part surface coating
operations, and Michigan Rule 336.1632. It is not known if the cost effectiveness related to the
implementation of these regulations was estimated d uring their development, and no cost
estimates could be found. Although the 2004 NESHAP regulate organic HAP, the 2004

NESHAP cost estimates are relevant to this CTG’s re commended levels of control because they
are based on the use of similar control measures (i .e., product substitution/reformulation and work
practices) for miscellaneous metal product and plas tic part coatings and cleaning materials.

Therefore, cost-effectiveness estimates for the rec ommended control levels were determined
using the approach used during development of the t wo 2004 NESHAP.

In our analysis of the impacts of implementing the recommended levels of control in this
CTG, we have assumed that all miscellaneous metal p roduct and plastic part surface coating

facilities will choose to utilize the low-VOC coati ng materials option. We made this assumption

for two reasons. First, since facilities are meeti ng equivalent State limits, we believe that lowVOC coating materials that can meet the recommended control levels in this CTG are already

# 40

available at a cost that is not significantly great er than the cost of coating materials with higher
VOC contents. Secondly, the use of add-on controls to reduce emissions from typical spray
coating operations is a more costly option.

According to studies performed for the development of the two 2004 NESHAP for
miscellaneous metal parts and plastic parts surface coating operations, the cost averaged across
all sizes of facilities was estimated to be $10,500 per facility. We believe that this estimate also
represents the cost of implementing this CTG’s reco mmended VOC limits because the NESHAP

were based on similar control measures. That is, t he NESHAP were based on reformulating
coatings to lower the HAP content and this CTG is b ased on reformulating coatings to lower the

VOC content. We assumed that the costs for reformu lation under the NESHAP (e.g., costs for
research and development, raw materials, production , and marketing the reformulated products)
would be representative of the costs for reformulat ion to lower VOC content under the
recommended control options. Therefore, for the 1, 296 facilities we identified as emitting more
than 6.8 kg/day (15 lb/day) in ozone nonattainment areas, we estimate the total annual cost to be
$13.6 million, based on the use of low-VOC content coatings. We estimate that the

recommendations in this CTG will reduce VOC emissio ns from miscellaneous metal and plastic
part coating by about 35 percent of 20,056 Mg/yr (2 2,108 tpy). This is a reduction of 7,034
Mg/yr (7,738 tpy of VOC) from the 1,296 facilities. Therefore, we estimate the cost effectiveness to be $1,933 per Mg ($1,758 per ton) of VOC emission reduction.

We believe that the work practice recommendations i n this CTG will result in a net cost
savings. Implementing work practices reduces the a mount of cleaning materials used by
reducing the amount that evaporates and is wasted. Similarly, we also believe that the
recommendation to use the specified coating applica tion methods will also result in net cost
savings. Increasing the transfer efficiency of coa ting application to reduce VOC emissions will
also reduce coating consumption and costs. However , these cost savings cannot be accurately

estimated.

# 41

VIII. References

Guideline Series. Control of Volatile Organic Emis sions from Existing Stationary Sources -
Volume VI: Surface Coating of Miscellaneous Metal P arts and Products. Publication No. EPA450/2-78-015. U.S. Environmental Protection Agenc y, Research Triangle Park, NC. June 1978.

40 CFR 60 Subpart TTT – Standards of Performance fo r Industrial Surface Coating: Surface
Coating of Plastic Parts for Business Machines. Ap plicable to affected facilities for which
construction, modification, or reconstruction begin s after January 8, 1986.

Alternative Control Techniques Document: Surface Co ating of Automotive/Transportation and

Business Machine Plastic Parts. Publication No. E PA-453/R-94-017. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. Feb ruary 1994.

National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollu tants for Miscellaneous Metal Parts and
Products Surface Coating (40 CFR 63, subpart MMMM).

National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollu tants for Plastic Parts and Products Surface
Coating (40 CFR 63, subpart PPPP).

State of California Air Resources Board. Determinat ion of Reasonably Available Control
Technology for Metal Parts and Products Coating Ope rations. ARB Publication No. ARB/SSD93-003. December 10, 1992.

South Coast (California) AQMD Rule 1106.1, Pleasure Craft Coating Operations. Amended
February 12, 1999).

South Coast (California) AQMD Rule 1107, Coating of Metal Parts and Products. As amended

March 6, 1996.

South Coast (California) AQMD Rule 1125, Metal Cont ainer, Closure, and Coil Coating. As
amended January 13, 1995.

South Coast (California) AQMD Rule 1145, Plastic, R ubber, Leather, And Glass Coatings. As
amended February 14, 1997.

Michigan Rule 336.1632 (rule 632) for Emission of V olatile Organic Compounds From Existing

Automobile, Truck, And Business Machine Plastic Par t Coating Lines. Amended April 28, 1993.

# Appendix A

Cover Page of 1978 CTG for Surface Coating of Misce llaneous Metal Parts and

Products

# Appendix B

Cover Page of 1994 ACT for Surface Coating of Autom otive/Transportation and

Business Machine Plastic PartsC-1Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByAL Etowah, Mobile, andRussell CountiesAll VOC sources with a potential VOC emission rateof greaterthan or equal to 100 tons/yearThis rule does not apply to the surface coating ofthe followingmetal parts and products: automobiles and light-duty trucks;metal cans; flat metal sheets and strips in the form of rolls orcoils; magnet wire for use in electrical machinery;metalfurniture; large appliances; exterior of airplanes;automobilerefinishing; customized coating of automobiles andtrucks, ifproduction is less than 35 vehicles per day; and exterior ofmarine vessels.1. 0.52 kg/L (4.3 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator that applies clear coatings;2. 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator in a coating applicationsystem that is air dried or forced warm air driedat temperatures up to 90° C (194° F);3. 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator that applies extremeperformance coatings; and,4. 0.36 kg/L (3.0 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator for all other coatings andcoating application systems.AL Jefferson County All VOC sources with a potential VOC emission rate of greaterthan or equal to 100 tons/yearThis rule shall not apply to the surface coating ofthe followingmetal parts and products: automobiles and light-duty trucks;metal cans; flat metal sheets and strips in the form of rolls orcoils; magnet wire for use in electrical machinery;metalfurniture; large appliances; exterior of airplanes;automobilerefinishing; customized coating of automobiles andtrucks, ifproduction is less than 35 vehicles per day and ifthe VOCemission rate from the customized coating operationdoes notexceed 60 tons per year based on an annual rollingaveragecalculated at the end of each calendar month; exterior ofmarine vessels; and fabricated metal parts and products underthe major Standard Industrial Classification Code of Group No.34 if the VOC emissions rate is less than a potential ten tonsper calendar year (10 TPY) before an add-on VOC controldevice.1. 0.52 kg/L (4.3 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator that applies clear coatings;2. 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator in a coating applicationsystem that is air dried or forced warm air driedat temperatures up to 90° C (194° F);3. 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator that applies extremeperformance coatings;4. 0.36 kg/L (3.0 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator for all other coatings andcoating application systems, excluding powdercoating systems; and5. 0.05 kg/L (0.4 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator for all powder coatingsystems.AZFacilities engaged in the surface coating of miscellaneous metalparts and products1. 4.3 lb/gal (0.5 kg/L) of coating delivered to acoating applicator that applies clear coatings.2. 3.5 lb/gal (0.42 kg/L) of coating delivered toacoating applicator in a coating application systemthat is air dried or forced warm air dried atC-2Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Bytemperatures up to 194°F (90°C).3. 3.5 lb/gal (0.42 kg/L) of coating delivered toacoating applicator that applies extreme performancecoatings.4. 3.0 lb/gal (0.36 kg/L) of coating delivered toacoating applicator for all other coatings andapplication systems.AZ Maricopa County Other metal parts and productsThis rule is not applicable to coatings having a VOC content,minus exempt compounds, of less than 0.15 lb VOC/gal(18g/L) nor to solvents having a VOC content of material lessthan 0.15 lb VOC/gal.This rule does not apply to the following operations:Aerospace coating operations; Architectural coating, includingbuildings and erected structures; Cleaning: VOC loss fromcleaning or stripping a surface for coating or other purpose isregulated elsewhere; Marine vessel exterior refinishing;Polyester coatings applied to polyester composites;Printingand graphic arts coating; Semiconductor manufacturing;Coating a highway vehicle or mobile equipment; Wood:Coating Wood Furniture or Coating Wood Millwork.Extreme performance coatings are exempt from the VOC limitswhen used under certain conditions:(1) Used on internal combustion engine components that arenormally above 250°F (121°C) during use; or(2) Used at temperatures above 250°F (121°C) on items thatare both included under SIC (Standard Industrial Classification,1987) codes 3661, 3663, 3669, 3677, 3678, 3679, or3769 andare electronic products in space vehicles and/or arecommunications equipment.The following are exempt from the limits of this rule:Air-Dried Coating 3.5 lb/galBaked Coating [above 200°F (93°C)] 3.0 lb/galSilicone Release Coating: Baked or Air-Dried 3.5lb/galC-3Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByCoating with an aerosol can; Touch up or repair-coatingoperations; Low usage coatings which in aggregate of allformulations do not exceed 55 gallons (208 liters)per yearfacility-wide if the operator updates usage recordsof thesecoatings on each day of their use; A small surface-coatingsource (SSCS) as defined in the rule; A Quality Class Qprotective coating that is used on equipment, structures, and/orcomponents within a containment facility of a nuclear powerplant; A tactical military-equipment coating that is approved inan MCESD Air Pollution Permit subsequent to a sufficientdemonstration by the user that no compliant substitute exists.AR Pulaski County1. 0.52 kg/l (4.3 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator that applies clear coatings;2. 0.42 kg/l (3.5 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator in a coating applicationsystem that utilizes air or forced air dryers;3. 0.42 kg/l (3.5 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator that applies extremeperformance coatings; and4. 0.36 kg/l (3.0 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator for all other coatings andcoating application systems.5. The above emission limitations shall includeall VOC emissions from both coating andsolvent washing unless the solvent is directedinto containers that prevent evaporation.The emission limitsshall be achieved by:1. The application oflow solvent coatingtechnology;2. An incinerationsystem which oxidizesat least 90.0 percent ofthe nonmethane volatileorganic compounds(VOC) measured astotal combustiblecarbon to carbondioxide and water; or3. An equivalent meansof VOC removal. Theequivalent means mustbe certified by theowner or operator andapproved by theDirector.C-4Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByCA Antelope Valley AQMD This rule applies to all metal coatings operations except thoseperformed on aerospace assembly, magnet wire, marine craft,motor vehicle, metal container, and coil coating operations.The limits of this rule, shall not apply to: Stencil coatings; Afacility which uses a total of less than one gallonof coating,including any VOC-containing materials added to theoriginalcoating as supplied by the manufacturer, subject tothis rule, inany one day; Total noncompliant coating use per facility thatdoes not exceed 55 gallons per rolling 12-month period; Safetyindicating coatings; Magnetic data storage disk coatings; Solidfilm lubricants; the application of coatings and use of cleaningsolvents while conducting performance tests on thecoatings atpaint manufacturing facilities; high performance architectural,vacuum metalizing, and/or pretreatment coatings used at afacility which has the potential to emit a total of10 tons or lessper year of VOCs, before application of add-on controls;aerosol coating productsCoating - Air DriedGeneral 2.8 lb/galMilitary Specification 2.8 lb/galEtching Filler 3.5 lb/galSolar-Absorbent 3.5 lb/galHeat-Resistant 3.5 lb/galExtreme High-Gloss 3.5 lb/galMetallic 3.5 lb/galExtreme Performance 3.5 lb/galPrefabricated Architectural Component 3.5lb/galTouch Up 3.5 lb/galRepair 3.5 lb/galSilicone Release 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural 3.5 lb/galCamouflage 3.5 lb/galVacuum-Metalizing 3.5 lb/galMold-Seal 3.5 lb/galHigh-Temperature 3.5 lb/galElectric-Insulating Varnish 3.5 lb/galPan Backing 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Coatings 3.5 lb/galCoating - BakedGeneral 2.3 lb/galMilitary Specification 2.3 lb/galEtching Filler 3.5 lb/galSolar-Absorbent 3.0 lb/galHeat-Resistant 3.0 lb/galExtreme High-Gloss 3.0 lb/galMetallic 3.5 lb/galExtreme Performance 3.0 lb/galC-5Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByPrefabricated Architectural Component 2.3lb/galTouch Up 3.0 lb/galRepair 3.0 lb/galSilicone Release 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural 3.5 lb/galCamouflage 3.5 lb/galVacuum-Metalizing 3.5 lb/galMold-Seal 3.5 lb/galHigh-Temperature 3.5 lb/galElectric-Insulating Varnish 3.5 lb/galPan Backing 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Coatings 3.5 lb/galCA Bay Area AQMD The limits shall not apply to theuse of any coating used involumes less than 75.7 liters (20 gal) in any one calendar year;the application of adhesives; touch-up operations;Lightduty.and medium-duty motor vehicles; Metal containers andclosures (cans, drums, lids, etc.) and metal coil;Magnet wirefor use in electrical machinery; Metal furniture orlargeappliances; Aircraft or aerospace vehicles; Motor vehicle andmobile equipment coating operations; Marine vesselsandcomponent parts; Stationary structures and their appurtenanceswhich require architectural coatings, except wherebakedcoatings are applied; Magnetic data storage disks;Test panelsfor evaluation of coating performance; coating operationsemploying hand-held aerosol cans; coatings that areapplied bytemplate in order to add designs, letters and/or numbers to theproducts; the use of any powder coating provided the emissionof VOC to the atmosphere does not exceed that whichisequivalent to the use of coatings which comply withthoselimits; any solid film lubricant; any electrical cathode coating;any chemical milling maskant coating.The requirements shall not apply to the following specialtycoatings, provided that the VOC of those coatings does notCoating - Air DriedGeneral Coatings - 2.8 lb/galCamouflage - 3.5 lb/galHigh Gloss - 3.5 lb/galHeat Resistant - 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural - 3.5 lb/galMetallic Topcoat - 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural - 3.5 lb/galSilicone Release - 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent - 3.5 lb/galExtreme Performance - 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature - 3.5 lb/galCoating - BakedGeneral Coatings - 2.3 lb/galCamouflage - 3 lb/galHigh Gloss - 3 lb/galHeat Resistant - 3 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural - 3.5 lb/galC-6Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Byexceed the following VOC limits in grams per liter(lb/gal) andprovided that the requirements of the limited exemptionpetition are met. High Performance Architectural 750 (6.2);Pretreatment Wash Primer 780 (6.5); Silicone Release 700(5.8); Extreme Performance 750 (6.2); High Temperature 550(4.6).Metallic Topcoat - 3 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural - 3.5 lb/galSilicone Release - 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent - 3 lb/galExtreme Performance - 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature - 3.5 lb/galCA Butte County AQMD Each stationary source may usea total volume of less than 55gallons per calendar year of any coating materialsexceedingthe VOC content limits provided the recordkeeping &reportingrequirements are met.Each stationary source may use a volume of less than 200gallons per calendar year of any aluminum coating for windowframes and door frames and/or pretreatment wash primerexceeding the VOC content limits provided the recordkeeping& reporting requirements are met.The requirements of this Rule shall not apply to:Coating of prefabricated architectural components or structuresnot coated in a shop environment;Motor vehicles includingautomotive, truck or heavy equipment finishing or refinishing,excluding radiators, drive trains, differentials, and enginecomponents; Adhesives and other materials; Magneticdatastorage discs; Safety-indicating coatings; Stencilcoatings;Conformal coatings; andHand lettering.The provisions of this Rule shall not apply to coatings andcoating removers (strippers) sold in non-refillableaerosolcontainers having a capacity of one liter (1.1 quarts) or less.Coating - Air DriedGeneral Coatings - 2.8 lb/galCamouflage - 3.5 lb/galEtching Filler - 3.5 lb/galExtreme Performance - 3.5 lb/galHeat Resistant - 3.5 lb/galHigh Gloss - 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural - 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature - 3.5 lb/galMetallic - 3.5 lb/galMold Seal - 3.5 lb/galPan Backing - 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 3.5 lb/galSilicone Release - 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent - 3.5 lb/galVaccuum-Metalizing - 3.5 lb/galCoating - BakedGeneral Coatings - 2.3 lb/galCamouflage - 3 lb/galEtching Filler - 3.5 lb/galExtreme Performance - 3.5 lb/galHeat Resistant - 3 lb/galHigh Gloss - 3 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural - 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature - 3.5 lb/galC-7Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByMetallic - 3 lb/galMold Seal - 3.5 lb/galPan Backing - 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 3.5 lb/galSilicone Release - 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent - 3 lb/galVaccuum-Metalizing - 3.5 lb/galCA Kern County AQMD Requirements of this Rule shallnot apply to any combinationof coatings, provided total allowed facility VOC emissionsfrom use of all coatings does not exceed 15 poundsin any oneday.Requirements of this Rule shall not apply to application ofcoatings to automobiles, light duty trucks, aircraft, aerospacevehicles, marine vessels, cans, coils, or magneticwire or topowder coatingsRequirements of this Rule shall not apply to an operationsubject to requirements of Rule 410.4A (Motor Vehicle andMobile Equipment Refinishing Operations).Coatings – Air DriedAll other coatings - 2.8 lb/galCamouflage - 3.5 lb/galExtreme Performance - 3.5 lb/galHeat Resistant - 3.5 lb/galHigh Gloss - 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural - 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature - 3.5 lb/galMetallic Topcoat - 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 2.8 lb/galSilicone Release - 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent - 3.5 lb/galCoatings - BakedAll other coatings - 2.3 lb/galCamouflage - 3 lb/galExtreme Performance - 3 lb/galHeat Resistant - 3 lb/galHigh Gloss - 3 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural - 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature - 3.5 lb/galMetallic Topcoat - 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 2.3 lb/galSilicone Release - 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent - 3 lb/galIn lieu of complyingwith VOC contentlimits specified, airpollution controlequipment with acapture efficiency of atleast 85% and a controldevice efficiency of atleast 90% may be used.C-8Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByCA Mojave Desert AQMD The limits shall not apply toany facility that does not exceed10 tons per year of Theoretical Potential Emissionsof VOC.This Rule shall apply to all metal coating operations, exceptthose performed on Aircraft or Aerospace Vehicles;MagnetWire; Metal Containers, Closures and Coils; marinevesselexteriors; Motor Vehicles; Motor Vehicle Assembly Lines;Mobile Equipment; or those operations subject to the coatingprovisions of any other source-specific rule of theDistrict.The provisions of this Rule shall not apply to aerosol coatingproducts;The provisions of this Rule shall not apply to: Anyfacilitywhich has a daily usage of less than one gallon ofcoating,including any VOC-containing materials added to theoriginalcoating as supplied by the manufacturer, subject tothis Rule;Total noncompliant coating use per facility that does notexceed 55 gallons per year; Stencil Coatings; Safety-indicatingCoatings; Magnetic Data Storage Disk Coatings; Solid-filmLubricants; Adhesives; the coating of Motor Vehiclebodies atMotor Vehicle Rework facilities.The provisions of this Rule shall not apply to theapplication ofcoatings and use of cleaning solvents while conductingPerformance Tests on the coatings at paint manufacturingfacilities.Coating - Air DriedGeneral - 3.5 lb/galMilitary Specification - 3.5 lb/galEtching Filler - 3.5 lb/galSolar-Absorbant - 3.5 lb/galHeat-Resistant - 3.5 lb/galHigh-Gloss - 3.5 lb/galExtreme High Gloss - 3.5 lb/galMetallic - 3.5 lb/galExtreme-Performance - 3.5 lb/galPrefabricated Architectural Component - 3.5lb/galTouch-Up - 3.5 lb/galRepair - 3.5 lb/galSilicone-Release - 3.5 lb/galHigh-Performance - 3.5 lb/galArchitectural - 3.5 lb/galCamouflage - 3.5 lb/galVacuum-Metalizing - 3.5 lb/galMold-Seal - 3.5 lb/galHigh-Temperature - 3.5 lb/galElectric-Insulating Varnish - 3.5 lb/galPan-Backing - 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 3.5 lb/galClear Coating - 4.3 lb/galCoating – BakedGeneral - 3 lb/galMilitary Specification - 3 lb/galEtching Filler - 3.5 lb/galSolar-Absorbant - 3 lb/galHeat-Resistant - 3 lb/galIn lieu of complyingwith the VOC contentlimitations, air pollutioncontrol equipment witha capture and controlsystem CombinedEfficiency of at least85%, may be used.C-9Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByHigh-Gloss - 3 lb/galExtreme High Gloss - 3 lb/galMetallic - 3.5 lb/galExtreme-Performance - 3 lb/galPrefabricated Architectural Component - 2.3lb/galTouch-Up - 3 lb/galRepair - 3 lb/galSilicone-Release - 3.5 lb/galHigh-Performance - 3.5 lb/galArchitectural - 3.5 lb/galCamouflage - 3.5 lb/galVacuum-Metalizing - 3.5 lb/galMold-Seal - 3.5 lb/galHigh-Temperature - 3.5 lb/galElectric-Insulating Varnish - 3.5 lb/galPan-Backing - 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 3.5 lb/galClear Coating - 4.3 lb/galCA Monterrey Bay UnifiedAQMDThe provisions of this Rule shall not apply to aircraft oraerospace vehicle coatings, marine vessel exteriors, plasticcoatings, magnetic wire coatings, motor vehicle coatings andmobile equipment coatings.The provisions of this Rule shall not apply to stencil coatings,safety temperature- indicating coatings, powder coatings, andadhesives.The provisions of this Rule shall not apply to anycombinationof coatings used for coating metal parts and products in a totalvolume less than 55 gallons/year (208 liters/year)per facility .Coating - Air DriedGeneral - 3.5 lb/galCamouflage - 3.5 lb/galEtching Filler - 3.5 lb/galExtreme Performance - 3.5 lb/galHeat-Resistant - 3.5 lb/galHigh Gloss - 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance-Architectural - 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature - 3.5 lb/galMetallic - 3.5 lb/galMold-Seal - 3.5 lb/galPan Backing - 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 6.5 lb/galAdd-on controls may beused provided that thecombined efficiency ofcapture and control ofthe system is not lessthan 90 percent byweight in reducingvolatile organiccompounds;C-10Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByThe provisions of this Rule shall not apply to coatings sold innon-refillable aerosol containers.Silicone Release - 3.5 lb/galSolar-Absorbent - 3.5 lb/galVacuum-Metalizing - 3.5 lb/galCoating – BakedGeneral - 3 lb/galCamouflage - 3 lb/galEtching Filler - 3.5 lb/galExtreme Performance - 3.5 lb/galHeat-Resistant - 3.5 lb/galHigh Gloss - 3 lb/galHigh Performance-Architectural - 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature - 3.5 lb/galMetallic - 3 lb/galMold-Seal - 3.5 lb/galPan Backing - 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 6.5 lb/galSilicone Release - 3.5 lb/galSolar-Absorbent - 3 lb/galVacuum-Metalizing - 3.5 lb/galCA Northern Sierra AQMD Provisions of this Rule shall apply to surface coating of metalparts or products in portions of the Northern Sierra Air QualityManagement District that are designated as Non-attainment forany federal ambient air quality standard for ozone.Requirements of this Rule shall not apply to any combinationof coatings, provided total uncontrolled facility VOC emissionsfrom use of all coatings does not exceed 15 poundsin any oneday.Requirements of this Rule shall not apply to application ofcoatings to automobiles, light duty trucks, aircraft, aerospacevehicles, marine vessels, cans, coils, or magneticwire or toCoating - Air DriedAll Other Coatings 3.5 lb/galCamouflage 3.5 lb/galClear Coating 3.5 lb/galExtreme-Performance 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature 3.5 lb/galMetallic Topcoat 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer 3.5 lb/galSilicone Release 3.5 lb/galCoating - BakedIn lieu of complyingwith VOC contentlimits air pollutioncontrol equipment witha VOC captureefficiency of at least85% and a controldevice efficiency of atleast 90% may be used.C-11Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Bypowder coatings, except the rule does apply to thecustomizedtop coating of automobiles and trucks with production of 35 ormore vehicles per day.All Other Coatings 3.0 lb/galCamouflage 3.5 lb/galClear Coating 4.3 lb/galExtreme-Performance 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature 3.5 lb/galMetallic Topcoat 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer 3.5 lb/galSilicone Release 3.5 lb/galCA Sacramento MetroAQMDThe limits shall not apply to the use of materialsexceeding theVOC content limits in a total volume less than 55 gallons percalendar year, per stationarySource provided the recordkeeping & reporting requirementsare met.The limits shall not apply to the use of any aluminum coatingfor window frames and door frames exceeding the VOCcontent limit in a volume less than 200 gallons percalendaryear, per stationary source provided the recordkeeping &reporting requirements are met.The limits shall not apply to the use of any pretreatment washprimer that exceeds the VOC content limits in a volume of lessthan 200 gallons per calendar year, per stationarysourceprovided the recordkeeping & reporting requirementsare met.The requirements of this rule shall not apply to: Coating ofprefabricated architectural components or structures not coatedin a shop environment which are regulated by Rule 442 -Architectural Coatings; Motor vehicles including automotive,truck or heavy equipment finishing or refinishing,excludingradiators, drive trains, differentials, and enginecomponentswhich are regulated by Rule 459 - Automotive, TruckandHeavy Equipment Refinishing Operations; Aircraft oraerospace vehicles, components and tooling which areCoating - Air DriedAluminum Coating for Window & DoorFrames - 3.5 lb/galCamouflage - 3.5 lb/galElectrical Insulating - 2.8 lb/galExtreme High Gloss - 3.5 lb/galExtreme Performance - 3.5 lb/galHeat Resistant - 3.5 lb/galMetallic/Iridescent - 3.5 lb/galNon-skid - 3.5 lb/galPrefabricated Architectural Component - 3.5lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 3.5 lb/galSilicone Release - 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent - 3.5 lb/galAll Other coatings - 2.8 lb/galCoating - BakedAluminum Coating for Window & DoorFrames - 3.5 lb/galCamouflage - 3 lb/galElectrical Insulating - 2.3 lb/galExtreme High Gloss - 3 lb/galC-12Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Byregulated by Rule 456 - Aerospace Assembly and ComponentCoating Operations; Cans, coils, or magnetic wire which areregulated by Rule 452 - Can Coating; Adhesives andothermaterials which are regulated by Rule 460 - Adhesives andSealants; Magnetic data storage discs; Safety-indicatingcoatings; Stencil coatings; Conformal Coatings; andHandLettering.The provisions of this rule shall not apply to coatings andcoating removers (strippers) sold in non-refillableaerosolcontainers having a capacity of one liter (1.1 quarts) or less.Extreme Performance - 3.5 lb/galHeat Resistant - 3 lb/galMetallic/Iridescent - 3.5 lb/galNon-skid - 3 lb/galPrefabricated Architectural Component - 2.3lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 3.5 lb/galSilicone Release - 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent - 3 lb/galAll Other coatings - 2.3 lb/galCA San Diego AQMD The provisions of this rule shallnot apply to the following:(i) Any coating operation where 20 gallons or lessof coatingsare applied per consecutive 12-month period.(ii) Any powder coating operation which uses less than 0.5gallons per day of any surface preparation or cleaning materialcontaining volatile organic compounds.(iii) Coatings applied to motor vehicles, excludingtheapplication of coatings to component parts or accessoriesduring original manufacture.(iv) Coatings applied using non-refillable handheldaerosolspray containers.(v) Coatings applied to metal surfaces for the specific purposeof protecting the metal substrate from corrosive attack bystorage battery electrolytes.(vi) The application of the following coatings: Cathodecoatings; Chemical milling maskants; Magnetic tapestoragedisks coatings; Safety indicating coatings; Solidfilmlubricants; Stencil coatings; and Wet fastener installationcoatings.The limits shall not apply to the following:(i) Pretreatment wash primers with a VOC content, as applied,of less than 780 grams of VOC per liter of coating,less waterCoating – Air DriedAll Other coatings - 2.8 lb/galChemical Agent Resistant - 3.5 lb/galHeat Resistant - 3.5 lb/galHigh Gloss - 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural - 3.5 lb/galMetallic Topcoat - 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent - 3.5 lb/galCoating – BakedAll Other coatings - 2.3 lb/galChemical Agent Resistant - 3.5 lb/galHeat Resistant - 3 lb/galHigh Gloss - 3 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural - 3.5 lb/galMetallic Topcoat - 3 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent - 3 lb/galIn lieu of complyingwith VOC contentlimits air pollutioncontrol equipment thathas a combinedemissions capture andcontrol deviceefficiency of at least 85percent by weight maybe used.C-13Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Byand exempt compounds, provided that not more than 500gallons of all pretreatment wash primers are used at a stationarysource in each consecutive 12-month period.(ii) High performance architectural coatings with aVOCcontent, as applied, of less than 750 grams of VOCper liter ofcoating, less water and exempt compounds, used at astationarysource which has continuously maintained a DistrictPermit toOperate for each high performance architectural coatingoperation since November 1, 1993.CA San Joaquin ValleyAQMDAn operator at a given facility may use up to a total of 55gallons of non-compliant coatings per rolling, consecutive 365-day period.The requirements of this rule shall not apply to touch-up andrepair.The requirements of this rule shall not apply to the applicationof coatings to aircraft, aerospace vehicles, marinevessels, can,coils, and magnetic wire.Through December 31, 2008, the provisions of this rule shallnot apply to an operation subject to the requirements of Rule4602 (Motor Vehicle and Mobile Equipment CoatingOperations). On and after January 1, 2009, the provisions ofthis rule shall not apply to an operation subject to therequirements of Rule 4612 (Motor Vehicle and MobileEquipment Operations Phase II).The provisions of this rule shall not apply to polyester resinoperations and the application of polyester resin materials tometal parts and products.The provisions of this rule shall not apply to stripping of curedcoatings, cured adhesives, and cured inks, except the strippingof such materials from spray application equipment.Coating - Air DriedCamouflage - 3.5 lb/galExtreme Performance - 3.5 lb/galHeat Resistant - 3.5 lb/galHigh Gloss - 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural - 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature - 3.5 lb/galMetallic Topcoat - 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 3.5 lb/galSilicone Release - 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent - 3.5 lb/galSolid Film Lubricant - 7.3 lb/galGeneral - 2.8 lb/galDip coating of steel joists (SIC 3441)-2.8 lb/gal for coatings with a viscosity, asapplied, of more than 45.6 centistokes at 78°For an average dry-film thickness of greater than2.0 mils;-3.32 lb/gal for coatings with a viscosity, asapplied, of less than or equal to 45.6centistokes at 78°F and an average dry-filmthickness of less than or equal to 2.0 mils.Coating - BakedCamouflage - 3 lb/galIn lieu of complyingwith the applicableVOC content limits, anoperator may controlemissions from coatingoperations with anAPCO-approved VOCemission control systemC-14Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByExtreme Performance - 3.5 lb/galHeat Resistant - 3 lb/galHigh Gloss - 3 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural - 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature - 3.5 lb/galMetallic Topcoat - 3 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 3.5 lb/galSilicone Release - 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent - 3.5 lb/galSolid Film Lubricant - 7.3 lb/galGeneral - 2.3 lb/galCA San Luis Obispo The provisions of this Rule shall not apply to: Aircraft oraerospace vehicle coating operations; Marine vesselexteriors(below water-line); Automobile refinishing; orArchitectural surface coating,The provisions of this Rule shall not apply to: Anycoating usedin volumes of less than 20 gallons in any calendaryear,provided that the source demonstrates that no complyingcoatings are available; and Stationary sources using not morethan four (4) gallons of paint, varnish, lacquer, thinner, andother solvent containing materials in any one day based on amonthly operating day average, provided the recordkeepingrequirements are satisfied.Coating - Air DriedGeneral - 2.8 lb/galMilitary Specification - 2.8 lb/galMetallic - 3.5 lb/galZinc Filled Primers - 3.5 lb/galEtching filler - 6 lb/galSolar Abosrbent - 3.5 lb/galHeat-Resistant - 3.5 lb/galExtreme-High Gloss - 3.5 lb/galExtreme-Performance - 3.5 lb/galPrefabricated Architectural Component - 3.5lb/galTouch-up - 3.5 lb/galRepair - 3.5 lb/galSilicone Release - 3.5 lb/galHigh-performance Architectural - 6.3 lb/galCamouflage - 3.5 lb/galVacuum-metalizing - 6.7 lb/galMold Seal - 6.3 lb/galHigh-temperature - 6 lb/galElectric-Insulating Varnish - 5.2 lb/galC-15Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByPretreatment Wash Primer - 6.5 lb/galCoating – BakedGeneral - 2.3 lb/galMilitary Specification - 2.3 lb/galMetallic - 3 lb/galZinc Filled Primers - 3.5 lb/galEtching filler - 6 lb/galSolar Abosrbent - 3 lb/galHeat-Resistant - 3 lb/galExtreme-High Gloss - 3 lb/galExtreme-Performance - 3 lb/galPrefabricated Architectural Component - 2.3lb/galTouch-up - 3 lb/galRepair - 3 lb/galSilicone Release - 3.5 lb/galHigh-performance Architectural - 6 lb/galCamouflage - 3 lb/galVacuum-metalizing - 6.7 lb/galMold Seal - 6.3 lb/galHigh-temperature - 6 lb/galElectric-Insulating Varnish - 5.2 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 6.5 lb/galCA South Coast AQMD The limits of this rule shall not apply to:Stencil coatings;Safety-indicating coatings; Magnetic data storage diskcoatings; Solid-film lubricants; or Electric-insulating andthermal-conducting coatings.The limits of this rule do not apply to the application ofcoatings and use of cleaning solvents while conductingperformance tests on the coatings at paint manufacturingfacilities.Coating - Air DriedGeneral 1-component – 2.3 lb/galGeneral multi-component – 2.8 lb/galMilitary Specification – 2.8 lb/galEtching Filler – 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent – 3.5 lb/galHeat Resistant – 3.5 lb/galExtreme High Gloss – 2.8 lb/galC-16Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByThe limits of this rule shall not apply to high performancearchitectural, vacuum-metalizing, and/or pretreatmentcoatings used at a facility which has the potentialto emit a totalof 10 tons or less per year of VOCs, before application of addon controls.The limits of this rule shall not apply to aerosolcoatingproducts.The limits of this rule shall not apply to the useof essentialpublic service coatings provided such aggregate usedoes notexceed 55 gallons in any one calendar year per facility.The limits of this rule shall not apply to the useof optical antireflective coatings provided such aggregate use does notexceed 10 gallons in any one calendar year, per facility.The limits shall not apply to electrocoatings, provided the VOCcontent of coating concentrates do not exceed 450 grams perliter, less water and less exempt compounds, and the usage ofcoating concentrates is less than 66 gallons per calendar month,per facility, including any VOC-containing materials added tothe concentrate, as supplied by the manufacturer, and anyVOC-containing materials added to the bath as make-upsolvents.The limits shall not apply to photoresist operations applyingliquid photoresist coating used for photofabrication of metalsubstrates with a thickness not exceeding 0.060 inches providedthe annual usage per facility is 10 gallons or less.Metallic – 3.5 lb/galExtreme Performance – 3.5 lb/galPrefabricated Architectural 1-Component – 2.3lb/galPrefabricated Architectural Multi-Component –2.8 lb/galTouch up – 3.5 lb/galRepair – 3.5 lb/galSilicone Release – 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural – 3.5 lb/galCamouflage – 3.5 lb/galVaccuum-Metalizing – 3.5 lb/galMold Seal – 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature – 3.5 lb/galElectric Insulating Varnish – 3.5 lb/galPan Backing – 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Coatings – 3.5 lb/galCoating - BakedGeneral 1-component – 2.3 lb/galGeneral multi-component – 2.3 lb/galMilitary Specification – 2.3 lb/galEtching Filler – 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent – 3.0 lb/galHeat Resistant – 3.0 lb/galExtreme High Gloss – 3.0 lb/galMetallic – 3.5 lb/galExtreme Performance – 3.0 lb/galPrefabricated Architectural 1-Component – 2.3lb/galPrefabricated Architectural Multi-Component –2.3 lb/galTouch up – 3.0 lb/galC-17Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByRepair – 3.0 lb/galSilicone Release – 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural – 3.5 lb/galCamouflage – 3.5 lb/galVaccuum-Metalizing – 3.5 lb/galMold Seal – 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature – 3.5 lb/galElectric Insulating Varnish – 3.5 lb/galPan Backing – 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Coatings – 3.5 lb/galCA Ventura County AQMD The limits of this rule do not apply to any one coating providedthat no complying coatings are available, and totalusage of allnoncomplying coatings has not exceeded 55 gallons in anycalendar year.This rule does not apply to:Aircraft or aerospace vehicle coating operations; Marine vesselexteriors; Motor vehicle and mobile equipment coating; orAerosol coating products.This rule shall not apply to any stationary sourcethat emits lessthan 200 pounds of ROC in every rolling period of 12consecutive calendar months from metal parts and productscoating operations.Coating – Air DriedAll other coatings 2.8 lb/galCamouflage 3.5 lb/galExtreme Performance 3.5 lb/galEtching Filler 3.5 lb/galHeat Resistant 3.5 lb/galHigh Gloss 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature 3.5 lb/galLaboratory Furniture 2.8 lb/galMetallic 3.5 lb/galMold Seal 3.5 lb/galPan Backing 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer 2.8 lb/galSilicone Release 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent 3.5 lb/galVacuum Metalizing 3.5 lb/galCoating - BakedAll other coatings 2.3 lb/galCamouflage 3.0 lb/galIn lieu of complyingwith VOC contentlimits air pollutioncontrol equipment maybe used, under certainconditions.C-18Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByExtreme Performance 3.0 lb/galEtching Filler 4 3.5 lb/galHeat Resistant 3.0 lb/galHigh Gloss 3.0 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature 3.5 lb/galLaboratory Furniture 2.8 lb/galMetallic 3.0 lb/galMold Seal 3.5 lb/galPan Backing 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer 2.3 lb/galSilicone Release 3.5 lb/galSolar Absorbent 3.0 lb/galVacuum Metalizing 3.5 lb/galC-19Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByCA Yolo Solano AQMD The limits shall not apply to coatings used in volumes of lessthan 50 gallons per year.The provisions of Section 300 shall not apply to the following:Stencil coatings; Safety-temperature indicating coatings;Powder coatings; and Adhesive coatings upon the effectivecompliance dates of Rule 2.31, Adhesives.The limits shall not apply to the application of coatings whileconducting performance tests on the coatings at paintmanufacturing facilities.The provisions of this rule shall not apply to coating operationssubject to the provisions of Rule 2.26, Motor Vehicle andMobile Equipment Coating Operations.Coating – Air DriedGeneral Coatings - 2.8 lb/galEtching Filler - 3.5 lb/galSolar-Absorbent - 3.5 lb/galHeat-Resistant - 3.5 lb/galHigh Gloss - 3.5 lb/galMetallic - 3.5 lb/galExtreme Performance - 3.5 lb/galSilicone Release - 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural - 3.5 lb/galCamouflage - 3.5 lb/galVacuum-Metalizing - 3.5 lb/galMold-Seal - 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature - 3.5 lb/galPan Backing - 3.5 lb/galPretreatment Wash Primer - 3.5 lb/galCoating – BakedGeneral Coatings - 2.3 lb/galEtching Filler - 3.5 lb/galSolar-Absorbent - 3.0 lb/galHeat-Resistant - 3.0 lb/galHigh Gloss - 3.0 lb/galMetallic - 3.0 lb/galExtreme Performance - 3.5 lb/galSilicone Release - 3.5 lb/galHigh Performance Architectural - 3.5 lb/galCamouflage - 3.0 lb/galVacuum-Metalizing - 3.5 lb/galMold-Seal - 3.5 lb/galHigh Temperature - 3.5 lb/galPan Backing - 3.5 lb/galAlternatively, a personmay comply with theprovisions by using airpollution controlequipment, providedthat the overallefficiency (captureefficiency multiplied bydestruction efficiency)of the system shall notbe less than 85 percentby weight in reducingvolatile organiccompounds.C-20Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByPretreatment Wash Primer - 3.5 lb/galCO All provisions of thisregulation apply to theDenver 1-hour ozoneattainment/maintenancearea, and to any nonattainment area for the 1-hour ozone standard.Limits are not applicable to sources whose actual emissions,including fugitive emissions, before add-on controls, are lessthan 6.8 kilograms (15 lbs.) per day and less than1.4 kilograms(3 lbs.) per hour. Emissions from all sources within the samecontrol technique guidance group shall be totaled to determineactual emissions.This subsection is not applicable to the surface coating of thefollowing metal parts and products: Automobiles andlight-dutytrucks; Metal cans; Flat metal sheets and strips inthe form ofrolls or coils; Large appliances; Magnet wire for use inelectrical machinery; and Metal furniture.This subsection is not applicable to the followingspecialpurpose coatings:Division-approved exemptions for high performance coatingson a case-by-case basis; and Full exterior repainting ofautomobiles and light-duty trucks if fewer than 18vehicles arepainted per day1. Clear coatings: 0.52 kg/L(4.3 lb/gal)2. Extreme Performance Coatings:0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal)3. Air-Dried Coatings: 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal)4. Other coatings and systems: 0.36 kg/L (3.0lb/gal) delivered to a coating applicator for allother coatings and coating application systems.the emission limitsdesignated for thatprocess shall beachieved by:1. use of coatings withproportions of VOCless than or equal to themaximums specified bythe applicablesubsection of thisregulation; or2. use of the specifiedequipment andprocedures prescribedby the applicablesubsection of thisregulation; or3. use of an alternativemeans of control whichsatisfies therequirements of 5.e andf below and sectionII.D; or4. use of crosslineaveraging.CT Applies to any premises which have actual VOC emissions of15 lb/day or more (with some exceptions).The following categories are excluded: automobile and lightduty trucks; metal cans; flat metal sheets and strips in the formof rolls or coils; plastic and glass objects; magnet wire for usein electrical machinery; metal furniture; the exterior surface ofassembled aircraft; automobile refinishing; customized topcoating of automobiles and trucks, if production isless thanA) 0.52 kg/L of coating delivered to a coatingapplicator that applies clear coat;B) 0.42 kg/L of coating delivered to a coatingapplicator in a coating application system thatis air dried or forced warm air dried attemperatures up to 90 degrees CC) 0.42 kg/L of coating delivered to a coatingapplicator that applies extreme performancecoatingsC-21Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Byfive vehicles per day; and the exterior surface ofassembledmarine vessels.An owner or operator may use, in aggregate, up to 55 gallonsof coatings than exceed the emission limitations ofthis rule atsuch premise for any twelve consecutive months.D) 0.36 kg/L of coating delivered to a coatingapplicator for all other coatings, adhesives,fillers or sealants and coating applicationssystemsE) 0.75 kg/L of coating delivered to a coatingapplicator which applies high performancearchitectural aluminum coatings, provided that1) such applicator is located at the premiseswhich emits 3,333 lb VOC per month or lessfrom such applicator, 2) such applicator was anexisting source in CT on or before Nov 1, 1994DE The emission limits in this Section do not apply to any coatingunit within a facility whose actual emissions without controldevices from all miscellaneous metal part and products coatingunits within the facility are less than 6.8 kg (15lb) of VOC perday.This Section does not apply to the coating of the followingmetal parts and products that are covered by otherSections ofthis regulation: Automobiles and light-duty trucks;Metal cans;Flat metal sheets and strips in the form of rolls or coils;Magnet wire for use in electrical machinery; Metalfurniture;Large appliances; and Heavy-duty trucks that useelectrodeposition (EDP) to apply prime coat.This Section does not apply to: Exterior of completelyassembled aircraft; Exterior of major aircraft subassemblies, ifapproved by the Department as part of a State ImplementationPlan (SIP) revision; Automobile, light-duty truck,and heavyduty truck refinishing; Customized top coating of automobilesand trucks, if production is less than 35 vehiclesper day;Exterior of completely assembled marine vessels; Exterior ofmajor marine vessel subassemblies if approved by theDepartment as part of a SIP revision.1. Clear coating (0.52 kg/L, 4.3 lb/gal)2. Steel pail and drum interior coating (0.52kg/L, 4.3 lb/gal)3. Air-dried coating (0.42 kg/L, 3.5 lb/gal)4. Extreme performance coating (0.42 kg/L,3.5 lb/gal)5. All other coatings (0.36 kg/L, 3.0 lb/gal)An owner or operator ofa miscellaneous metalparts and productscoating unit subject tothis Section maycomply with thisSection by:1. Installing andoperating a capturesystem on that unit.2. Installing andoperating a controldevice on that unit.3. Determining foreach day the overallemission reductionefficiency needed todemonstratecompliance.iv. Demonstrating eachday that the overallemission reductionefficiency achieved forthat day,is greater than or equalC-22Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Byto the overall emissionreduction efficiencyrequired for that day.FL Limits apply to existingVOC-emitting facilities inall designated ozonenonattainment and airquality maintenanceareas... and apply to newand modified VOCemitting facilities in alldesignated ozonenonattainment and airquality maintenance areas[with some exemptions].Emissions units which in combination with all otheremissionsunits at the facility that emit VOC at rates of notmore than 15pounds (6.8 kilograms) in any one day and not morethan 3pounds (1.4 kilograms) in any one hour are exempt.The provisions shall not apply to the surface coating of thefollowing metal parts and products: Automobiles andlight-dutytrucks; Metal cans; Flat metal sheets and strips inthe form ofrolls or coils; Magnet wire for use in electrical machinery;Metal furniture; Large appliances; Exterior of airplanes;Automobile refinishing; Customized top coating ofautomobiles and trucks if production is less than 35 vehiclesper day; and Exterior of marine vessels.1. 4.3 lb/gal of coating (0.52 kg/L) delivered toa coating applicator that applies clear coatings;2. 3.5 lb/gal of coating (0.42 kg/L) delivered toa coating applicator in a coating applicationsystem that is air dried or forced warm air driedat temperatures up to 194 degrees F (90degrees C);3. 3.5 lb/gal of coating (0.42 kg/L) delivered toa coating applicator that applies extremeperformance coatings; or,4. 3.0 lb/gal of coating (0.36 kg/L) elivered toa coating applicator for all other coatings andcoating application systems.The emission limitsshall be achieved by:1. The application oflow solvent coatingtechnology; or,2. Incineration,provided that 90percent of the volatileorganic compounds(VOC measured as totalcombustible carbon)which enter theincinerator are oxidizedto carbon dioxide andwater.GA Sources located outsideCherokee, Clayton, Cobb,Coweta, DeKalb,Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth,Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry,Paulding, and Rockdalecounties whose potentialemissions of VOC are notmore than 100 tons peryear are not subject;Sources located withinCherokee, Clayton, Cobb,Coweta, DeKalb,Douglas,Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton,Gwinnett, Henry,Paulding, or RockdaleThe requirements of this subsection shall not applyto facilitiesat which the potential to emit volatile organic compounds, fromall surface coating of miscellaneous metal parts and products, isless than 10 tons per year.Coatings, inks and other VOC-containing materials in use atsources of VOC emissions shall not be subject to anyrequirements of such subsections, provided the source's totalaggregate use of such materials is not in excess of55 gallonsper year and such exemption is approved in writingby theDivision.“Miscellaneous metal parts and products” shall notmean thefollowing:automobiles and light-duty trucks; metal cans; flatmetal sheetsand strips in the form of rolls or coils;magnet wire for use in electrical machinery; metalfurniture;large appliances;(i) 4.3 lb/gal of coating delivered to a coatingapplicator that applies clear coatings. If anycoating delivered to the coating applicatorcontains more than 4.3 lb/gal, the solidsequivalent limit shall be 10.3 lb/gal of coatingsolids delivered to the coating applicator.(ii) 3.5 lb/gal of coating delivered to a coatingapplicator in a coating application system thatis air dried or forced warm air dried attemperatures up to 194°F. If any coatingdelivered to the coating applicator containsmore than 3.5 lb/gal, the solids equivalent limitshall be 6.67 lb/gal of coating solids deliveredto the coating applicator.(iii) 3.5 lb/gal of coating delivered to a coatingapplicator that applies extreme performancecoatings. If any coating delivered to thecoating applicator contains more than 3.5The emission limits inthis subsection shall beachieved by:1. the application oflow solvent coatingtechnology where eachand every coating meetsthe limit expressed inpounds VOC per gallonof coating, excludingwater, or2. the application oflow solvent coatingtechnology where the24-hour weightedaverage of all coatingson a single coating lineor operation meets theC-23Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Bycounties whose actualemissions of VOC are lessthan 15 pounds per dayshall not be subjectaerospace manufacturing and rework operations; automobilerefinishing; customized top coating of automobilesand trucks,if production is less than 35 vehicles per day; andexterior ofmarine vessels.lb/gal, the solids equivalent limit shall be 6.67lb/gal of coating solids delivered to the coatingapplicator.(iv) 6.2 lb/gal of coating delivered to a coatingapplicator ina high performance architectural coatingoperation; and(v) 3.0 lb/gal of coating, delivered to a coatingapplicator for all other coatings and coatingapplication systems. If any coating deliveredto the coating applicator contains more than 3.0lb/gal, the solids equivalent limit shall be 5.06lb/gal of coating solids delivered to the coatingapplicator.solids equivalent limitexpressed in poundsVOC per gallon ofcoating solids;averaging across linesis not allowed; or3. control equipment,including but notlimited to incineration,carbon adsorption andcondensation, with acapture systemapproved by theDirector, provided that90 percent of thenonmethane volatileorganic compoundswhich enter the controlequipment arerecovered or destroyed,and that overall VOCemissions do notexceed the solidsequivalent limit,expressed in poundsVOC per gallon ofcoating solidsIL State-wide, excludingChicago and Metro EastareasThe limitations of this Subpart shall not apply to:1) Coating plants in which emissions of volatile organicmaterial as limited by the operating permit will not exceed 22.7Mg/year (25 T/year), in the absence of air pollution controlequipment; or2) Coating plants in which the total coating usagedoes notexceed 9,463 l/yr (2,500 gal/yr);3) Sources used exclusively for chemical or physical analysisor determination of product quality and commercialacceptance1) Clear coating 0.52 kg/L (4.3 lb/gal)2) Air dried coating 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal)3) Extreme performance coating 0.42 kg/L (3.5lb/gal)4) Power driven fastener coatingA) Nail Coating Refer to limits in (j) (1),(2),(3),and (5)B) Staple, brad and finish nail unit fabricationbonding coating 0.64 kg/L (5.3 lb/gal)Alternative complianceoptions to the contentlimits include theapplication of anafterburner system oraggregation of emissionunitsC-24Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Byprovided that:A) The operation of the source is not an integral part of theproduction process;B) The emissions from the source do not exceed 363kg(800lbs) in any calendar month; and C) The exemption isapproved in writing by the Agency.The limitations of this Subpart shall not apply totouch-up andrepair coatings, provided that the source-wide volume of suchcoatings does not exceed 0.95 l (1 quart) per eight-hour periodor exceed 209 l/yr (55 gal/yr) for any rolling twelve-monthperiod.C) Staple, brad and finish nail incrementalfabrication lubricity coating 0.64 kg/L (5.3lb/gal)D) Staple, brad and finish nail incrementalfabrication withdrawal resistance coating 0.60kg/L (5.0 lb/gal)E) Staple, brad and finish nail unit fabricationcoating 0.64 kg/L (5.3 lb/gal)IL Metro East areacounties of Madison,Monroe, and St. ClairDoes not apply to coating lines with a combined actualemission of VOM from all lines at the source that never exceed6.8 kg/day (15 lbs/day) before the application of capturesystems and control devices.The limitations shall not apply to touch-up and repair coatings,provided that the source-wide volume of such coatings useddoes not exceed 0.95 l (1 quart) per eight- hour period orexceed 209 l/yr (55 gal/yr) for any rolling twelvemonth period.1) Clear coating 0.52 kg/L (4.3 lb/gal)2) Extreme performance coatingA) Air dried 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal)B) Baked 0.40 kg/L (3.3 lb/gal)3) Steel pail and drum interior Coating 0.52kg/L (4.3 lb/gal)4) All other coatingsA) Air Dried 0.40 kg/L (3.3 lb/gal)B) Baked 0.34 kg/L (2.8 lb/gal)5) Metallic CoatingA) Air Dried 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal)B) Baked 0.36 kg/L (3.0 lb/gal)Alternative complianceoptions to the contentlimits include dailyweighted averagelimitation or theapplication of captureand control system.IL Chicago area counties ofCook, DuPage, Kane,Lake, McHenry, and Will,the Townships of AuxSable and Goose Lake inGrundy County, and theTownship of Oswego inKendall CountyDoes not apply to coating lines with actual emissions of VOMfrom all lines at the source subject that never exceed 6.8 kg/day[15 lbs/day] before the application of capture systems andcontrol devices.The limitations shall not apply to touch-up and repair coatings,provided that the source-wide volume of such coatings useddoes not exceed 0.95 l (1 quart) per eight-hour period or exceed209 l/yr [55 gal/yr] for any rolling twelve month period.1) Clear coating 0.52 kg/L (4.3 lb/gal)2) Extreme performance coatingA) Air dried 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal)B) Baked 0.40 kg/L (3.3 lb/gal)3) Steel pail and drum interior Coating 0.52kg/L (4.3 lb/gal)4) All other coatingsA) Air Dried 0.40 kg/L (3.3 lb/gal)B) Baked 0.34 kg/L (2.8 lb/gal)Alternative complianceoptions to the contentlimits include dailyweighted averagelimitation or theapplication of captureand control system.C-25Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved By5) Marine engine coatingA) Air Dried 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal)B) Bakedi) Primer/Topcoat 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal)ii) Corrosion resistant basecoat 0.28 kg/L (2.3lb/gal)C) Clear Coating 0.52 kg/L (4.3 lb/gal)6) Metallic CoatingA) Air Dried 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal)B) Baked 0.36 kg/L (3.0 lb/gal)IN Facilities existing as of November 1, 1980 located in Clark,Elkhart, Floyd, Lake, Marion, Porter, and St. Joseph Countiesand which are located at sources which have potentialemissions of ninety and seven-tenths (90.7) megagrams (onehundred (100) tons) or greater per year of VOC.Facilities, construction of which commences after November 1,1980 in any county and which have potential emissions oftwenty-two and seven-tenths (22.7) megagrams (twenty-five(25) tons) or greater per year of VOC.Facilities existing as of July 1, 1990 located in Clark, Elkhart,Floyd, Lake, Marion, Porter, and St. Joseph Counties andwhich have actual emissions of greater than fifteen(15) poundsof VOC per day before add-on controls.Facilities, construction of which commences after July 1, 1990located in any county and which have actual emissions ofgreater than fifteen (15) pounds of VOC per day before add-oncontrols.This section is not applicable to the surface coating of thefollowing metal parts and products or to the following types ofcoating: Any metal parts or products limited by other sections1) 0.52 kg/L (4.3 lb/gal) of coating, deliveredto a coating applicator that applies clearcoatings.2) 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator in a coating applicationsystem that is air dried or forced warm air driedat temperatures up to 90 degrees C (194degrees F).3) 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator that applies extremeperformance coatings.4) 0.36 kg/L (3 lb/gal) of coating, delivered toa coating applicator for all other coatings andcoating application systems.C-26Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Byof this rule; Exterior of airplanes; Automobile refinishing;Customized top coating of automobiles and trucks, ifproduction is less than thirty-five (35) vehicles per day;Exterior of marine vessels; Maintenance coatings ofproductionequipment; The application of adhesives or preparation ofadhesives; Lubricants used to prevent sticking of internallymoving parts; Chromium plated plastics; and The applicationof coatings to burial caskets if the source is notlocated in oradjacent to a county designated as nonattainment for ozone orif the source is not located in or adjacent to Clark or FloydCounty.KS The provisions of thisregulation shall beapplicable only to affectedfacilities located in areaswhich have beenidentified as not meetingthenational primary ambientair quality standard forozone...The provisions of this regulation shall be applicable to eachmiscellaneous metal parts and products and metal furniturecoating application system at those facilities which have a VOCpotential contaminant emission rate equal to or greater thanthree tons per year on a facility-wide basis.This regulation shall not be applicable to the followingmanufacturing categories which have miscellaneous metal partsand products coating operations: automobiles and light dutytrucks; metal cans; customized top coating of automobiles andtrucks, if less than 35 vehicles per day are processed; andautomobile refinishing.1. 4.3 lb/gal of coating delivered to a coatingapplication system that applies clear coatings;2. 3.5 lb/gal of coating delivered to a coatingapplication system that is air-dried or forcedwarm air-dried at temperatures up to 194° F;3. 3.5 lb/gal of coating delivered to a coatingapplication system that applies extremeperformance coatings except that coatingsapplied to the interior of metal pails and metaldrums may contain 4.3 lb/gal of coating.4. 0.4 lb/gal of coating delivered to a coatingapplication system that applies powdercoatings;5. 3.0 lb/gal of coating delivered to a coatingapplication system for any other coatingThe emission limitswhich will result fromthe use of coatingsshall be achieved by:1. application ofcoatings which meet orexceed the requirementsper coating applicationsystem on a dailyweighted average basis;or2. application ofcoatings with improvedtransfer efficiencydemonstrated, throughtesting, by methodsapproved by thedepartment, to achieveequivalent emissionsbased on the weight ofVOC emitted per gallonof solids applied aswould be emitted withC-27Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Bythe coatings specified insubsection (c) percoating applicationsystem on a dailyweighted average basis;or3. application for thecapture and reductionof VOC emissionsthrough eitherdestruction orcollection, of a VOCvapor processingsystem demonstratedthrough testing ascapable of maintainingan overall VOCemission reduction of atleast 90 percent. Use ofa VOC vaporprocessing system shallrequire that continuousmonitors be installed,calibrated, operated,and maintained.4. any combination ofmethods approved bythe department whichresults in emissions,when calculated aspounds of VOC pergallon of solids appliedper coating operation,that are no greater on adaily weighted averageC-28Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Bybasis than thoseachieved with theappropriate coatingsspecified in the limits.KY Existing sources which are located in a countyor portion of acounty which is designated ozone nonattainment, foranynonattainment classification except marginal.This administrative regulation shall not apply to affectedfacilities which are subject to local air pollutioncontrol districtregulations which have been approved by the cabinetand theU.S. EPA.An affected facility shall be exempt from this administrativeregulation if the total VOC emissions from all affected facilitiessubject to this administrative regulation are lessthan or equal tothirty (30) tons per year.The surface coating of the following metal parts and productsare exempt from this rule: The exterior of airplanes and marinevessels, but not parts for the exterior of airplanes and marinevessels that are coated as a separate manufacturingor coatingoperation; Automobile refinishing; and Customized top coatingof automobiles and trucks, if production is less than thirty-five(35) vehicles per day.Low-use coatings shall be exempt if the plantwide consumptionof these coatings in the aggregate is less than orequal to fiftyfive (55) gallons during the previous twelve (12) months.Glass adhesive primer with VOC content equal to orless thanfive and one-tenth (5.1) lb/gal of glass adhesive primerexcluding water or exempt solvent or both, shall beexemptfrom this administrative regulation.No person shall cause, allow, or permit anaffected facility to discharge into theatmosphere more than 15 percent by weight ofthe VOCs net input into the affected facility.Exemptions. (1) An affected facility shall beexempt from above if the VOC content of thecoating is:(a) Less than 0.52 kg/l of coating (4.3 lb/gal)delivered to applicators associated with clearcoat;(b) Less than 0.42 kg/l of coating (3.5 lb/gal)delivered to applicators associated with air orforced air-dried items or items subject tooutdoor or harsh exposure or extremeenvironmental conditions;(c) Less than 0.36 kg/l of coating (3.0 lb/gal)delivered to applicators associated with colorcoat or first coat on untreated ferrous substrate;or(d) Less than 0.05 kg/l of powder coating (0.4lb/gal) delivered to applicators associated withno or infrequent color change, or a smallnumber of colors applied.KY New Sources Each affected facility commenced onor afterFebruary 4, 1981and located in a county or portion of a countydesignated as nonattainment for ozone for any classificationNo person shall cause, allow, or permit anaffected facility to discharge into theatmosphere more than 15 percent by weight ofC-29Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Byexcept marginal; and(b) Each affected facility commenced on or after June 24, 1992which is part of a major source located in a countyor portion ofa county designated attainment or marginal nonattainment forozone(2) Each affected facility commenced on or afterFebruary 4, 1981but prior to June 24, 1992 which is part of a majorsourcelocated in a county or portion of a county designated attainmentor marginally nonattainment for ozone shall be exempt fromthis administrative regulation except that controldevices andprocedures required at the time it commenced shallcontinue tobe operated and maintained.The provisions of this administrative regulation shall not applyto affected facilities which are subject to local air pollutioncontrol district regulations which have been approved by thecabinet and the U.S. EPA.The surface coating of the following metal parts and productsare exempt from this rule: The exterior of airplanes and marinevessels, but not parts for the exterior of airplanes and marinevessels that are coated as a separate manufacturingor coatingoperation; Automobile refinishing; and Customized top coatingof automobiles and trucks, if production is less than thirty-five(35) vehicles per day.An affected facility shall be exempt from this administrativeregulation if the total VOC emissions from all affected facilitiessubject to this administrative regulation are lessthan or equal totwenty (20) tons per year.Low-use coatings shall be exempt if the plantwide consumptionof these coatings in the aggregate is less than orequal to fiftyfive (55) gallons during the previous twelve (12) months.Glass adhesive primer with VOC content equal to orless thanfive and one-tenth (5.1) lb/gal of glass adhesive primer,the VOCs net input into the affected facility.1) An affected facility shall be exempt from theprovisions of Section 3 of this administrativeregulation if the VOC content of coating is:(a) Less than 0.52 kg/l of coating (4.3 lb/gal)delivered to applicators associated with clearcoat;(b) Less than 0.42 kg/l of coating (3.5 lb/gal)delivered to applicators associated with air orforced air-dried items or items subject tooutdoor or harsh exposure or extremeenvironmental conditions;(c) Less than 0.36 kg/l of coating (3.0 lb/gal)delivered to applicators associated with colorcoat or first coat on untreated ferrous substrate;or(d) Less than 0.05 kg/l of powder coating (0.4lb/gal) delivered to applicators associated withno or infrequent color change, or a smallnumber of colors applied.C-30Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Byexcluding water or exempt solvent or both, shall beexemptfrom this administrative regulation.KY Louisville, KY APCD (Existing)This regulation applies to each affected facility commencedbefore May 20, 1981. Any affected facility that isever subjectto this regulation will always be subject to it unless the affectedfacility changes its process to one not covered bythisregulation.Any affected facility shall be exempt if the totalVOCemissions from all affected facilities subject to this regulationare less than or equal to five tons per year (potential emissionsprior to any add-on controls).The surface coating of the following metal parts and products,or operations, are exempt from this regulation:The exterior of airplanes and marine vessels, but not parts forthe exterior of airplanes and marine vessels that are coated as aseparate manufacturing or coating operation; Automobilerefinishing; Customized top coating of automobilesand trucksif production is less than 35 vehicles per day; Metallic surfacesthat are subject to other regulations; and Parts consisting ofboth metallic and nonmetallic components, if a demonstrationis made that the limits of this rule cannot be metdue to thepresence of the nonmetallic component.A person shall not cause or allow the emissionof VOC from any affected facility resultingfrom the coating of metallic surfaces in excessof the applicable emission rate as follows:1. 0.52 kg of VOC/l (4.3 lb of VOC/gal) ofcoating as applied for clear coatings,2. 0.42 kg of VOC/l (3.5 lb of VOC/gal) ofcoating as applied for air-dried coatings,3. 0.42 kg of VOC/l (3.5 lb of VOC/gal) ofcoating as applied for extreme performancecoatings, or4. 0.36 kg of VOC/l (3.0 lb of VOC/gal) ofcoating as applied for all other coatings.KY Louisville, KY APCD (New)This regulation applies to each affected facility commenced onor after May 20, 1981. Any affected facility thatis ever subjectto this regulation will always be subject to it unless the affectedfacility changes its process to one not covered bythisregulation.Any affected facility shall be exempt from Section3 if the totalVOC emissions from all affected facilities subjectto thisregulation are less than or equal to five tons peryear (potentialemissions prior to any add-on controls).A person shall not cause or allow the emissionof VOC from any affected facility resultingfrom the coating of metallic surfaces in excessof the applicable emission rate as follows:1. 0.52 kg of VOC/l (4.3 lb of VOC/gal) ofcoating as applied for clear coatings,2. 0.42 kg of VOC/l (3.5 lb of VOC/gal) ofcoating as applied for air-dried coatings,3. 0.42 kg of VOC/l (3.5 lb of VOC/gal) ofcoating as applied for extreme performanceC-31Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByThe surface coating of the following metal parts and products,or operations, are exempt from this regulation:The exterior of airplanes and marine vessels, but not parts forthe exterior of airplanes and marine vessels that are coated as aseparate manufacturing or coating operation; Automobilerefinishing; Customized top coating of automobilesand trucksif production is less than 35 vehicles per day; Metallic surfacesthat are subject to other regulations; and Parts consisting ofboth metallic and nonmetallic components, if a demonstrationis made that the limits of this rule cannot be metdue to thepresence of the nonmetallic component.coatings, or4. 0.36 kg of VOC/l (3.0 lb of VOC/gal) ofcoating as applied for all other coatingsLA Any emission source using organic solvents having an emissionof organic solvents of more than 3 lb (1.3kg) per hour or 15 lb(6.8 kg) per day.Surface coating facilities on any property in Ascension, EastBaton Rouge, Iberville, Livingston, Pointe Coupee,and WestBaton Rouge parishes which when controlled have a potentialto emit at maximum production a combined weight (total fromthe property) of VOC less than 10 tons in any consecutive 12calendar months are exemptSurface coating facilities on any property in parishes other thanAscension, East Baton Rouge, Iberville,Livingston, Pointe Coupee, and West Baton Rouge which whenuncontrolled have a potential to emit a combined weight ofVOC less than 100 lb (45 kg) in any consecutive 24-hourperiod are exempt.Clear coat – 4.3/0.52 (lb/gal, kg/L);Air or force air dried items (not oven dried) –3.5/0.42 (lb/gal, kg/L);Frequent color change and/or large numbers ofcolors applied, or first coat on untreated ferroussubstrate – 3.0/0.36 (lb/gal, kg/L);Outdoor or harsh exposure or extremeperformancecharacteristics – 3.5/0.42 (lb/gal, kg/L);No or infrequent color change, or small numberof colorsapplied:a.Powder Coating 0.4/0.05 (lb/gal,kg/L)b.Other 3.0/0.36 (lb/gal, kg/L)Except for the emissionlimits provided, anyemission source usingorganic solvents havingan emission of organicsolvents of more thanthree pounds (1.3kilograms) per hour or15 pounds (6.8kilograms) per day shallreduce the emission,where feasible, byincorporating one ormore of the followingcontrol methods:1. incineration,provided 90 percent ofthe carbon inthe organic compoundsbeing incinerated isoxidized tocarbon dioxide2. carbon adsorption ofthe organic compounds;C-32Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved By3. any other equivalentmeans as may beapproved by theadministrativeauthority.ME Any surface coating unit, line or operation whose total actualemissions of VOC from all coating units, lines or operations atthe surface coating facility are 15 lb VOC per dayor greater,shall comply with the applicable emission limitations unless:(1)The maximum theoretical emissions from all surface coatingoperations are limited by permit or order of the Department to1,666 lb or less in any calendar month;(2)The owner or operator of the surface coating facility subjectto this Chapter is and has at all times been in compliance withthe maximum theoretical emission limitation since the issuanceof the permit or order of the Department; and(3) The total actual emissions from the surface coating facilityhave not exceeded 1,666 lb in any calendar month sinceJanuary 1990.The following surface coating operations shall be exempt: 1.Coating units, lines or operations whose total actual coatingsusage from all coating units, lines or operations at the surfacecoating facility under the same surface coating category is lessthan 50 gallons per year of coatings;2. Facilities exclusively utilizing powder coatings or othernon-VOC methods of coating; andSurface coating of thefollowing: exterior of completely assembled aircraft; exterior ofmajor aircraft subassemblies; automobile, light-duty truck, andheavy duty truck refinishing; exterior of completely assembledmarine vessels; and exterior of major marine vesselsubassemblies.The owner or operator of a miscellaneousmetal parts and products coating unit shall notcause or allow the release of VOC that exceedsthe following emission limitations:1.Clear coating 0.52 kg/L2.Steel pail & drum interior 0.52 kg/L3.Air-dried coating 0.42 kg/L4.Extreme performance coating 0.42kg/LAll other coatings 0.36 kg/LThe owner or operatorof a surface coatingunit, line or operationsubject to this Chaptershall choose one ormore of the threecompliance methodsbelow in order tocomply with theapplicable emissionlimitations contained inthis Chapter.A.Low solvent contentcoating technology.B.Daily-weightedaverage limitation.C. Add-on air pollutioncontrol devices.C-33Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByAn owner or operator may use in the aggregate, up to 50gallons of coatings that exceed the emissions limitations of thisChapter, for any twelve (12) consecutive months.MD The provisions of this regulation apply to anymetal surfacecoating operation at a premises where the total VOCemissionsfrom all metal surface coating operations exceed 20pounds(9.1 kilograms) per day.The provisions of this regulation do not apply to:(a) Refinishing motor vehicles; (b) Customizing less than 20motor vehicles per day; (c) Marine vessel coating operationssubject to Regulation .27 of this chapter; (d) Aerospace coatingoperations subject to Regulation .13-1 of this chapter; (e) Brakeshoe coating operations subject to Regulation .13-2of thischapter; and (f) Structural steel coating operations subject toRegulation .13-3 of this chapter.High performance – 3.5 lb/galClear coating – 4.3 lb/galStandard – 3.0 lb/galA person may not use any coating to line theinterior of a metal drum or pail unless the VOCcontent of the coating is 4.3 pounds per gallon(0.51 kilogram per liter) of coating minuswater, or less.MA A person who owns, leases, operates, or controls amiscellaneous metal parts and products coating lines, which hasthe potential to emit equal to or greater than tentons per year ofVOC.Emissions of volatile organic compounds from coatings used insmall amounts are exempt from the emissions limitations. Thesum of all coatings exempted from the emission limitationsshall not exceed 55 gallons per year at any facility.Any facility which has not, since January 1, 1991 emitted,before the application of any air pollution controlequipment,one ton or more of volatile organic compounds in any onecalendar month, or ten or more tons of volatile organiccompounds in any consecutive 12 month time period is exemptfrom the emissions limitations.Clear Coatings - 10.3 lb VOC/galCoating line that is air-dried or forced warm-airdried at temperatures up to 90°C - 6.7 lbVOC/galExtreme Performance Coating - 6.7 lbVOC/galAll other coatings and coating lines - 5.1 lbVOC/galUnits are lb VOC/gallon solids appliedMI This rule does not apply to a metallic surfacecoating line thatcomplies with both of the following provisions:(a) 4.3 lb of VOC emitted per gallon ofcoating as applied for clear coatings.C-34Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved By(a) The coating line has an actual emission rateof VOC equalto or less than 2,000 lb/ month and 10.0 tpy as ofthe effectivedate of this amendatory rule. If the actual rateof emissionsfrom an exempted metallic surface coating line exceeds 2,000lb/month for a subsequent month or 10.0 tpy for a subsequentyear, then the provisions of this rule shall thereafterpermanently apply to the metallic surface coating line.(b) VOC emissions from the coating line, when combinedwith the total emissions of VOC from all other metallic surfacecoating lines at the stationary source that are exempted by thissubrule, do not exceed 30.0 tpy.This rule does not apply to any of the following:(a) Automobile refinishing.(b) Customized topcoating of less than 35 automobiles ortrucks, or both, per day.(c) Coating of the exterior of airplanes when the part to becoated has already been assembled on the airplane.(d) Coating of the exterior of marine vessels whenthe part tobe coated has already been assembled on the marinevessel.(e) Coating of a part consisting of both metallic andnonmetallic components if a demonstration is made,to thesatisfaction of the department, that the limits ofthis rule cannotbe met due to the presence of the nonmetallic component.A person may exclude low-use coatings that total 55gallons orless per rolling 12-month period at a stationary source from theprovisions of this rule(b) 3.5 lb of VOC emitted per gallon ofcoating, as applied for air-dried coatings.(c) 3.5 lb of VOC emitted per gallon ofcoating as applied for extreme performancecoatings.(d) 4.8 lb of VOC emitted per gallon ofcoating as applied for truck final repaircoatings.(e) 4.9 lb of VOC emitted per gallon ofcoating as applied for glass adhesion bodyprimer.(f) 4.3 lb of VOC emitted per gallon ofcoating as applied for steel pail and druminterior coatings.(g) 3.0 lb of VOC emitted per gallon ofcoating, as applied for all other coatings.MO Clay, Jackson and PlatteCountiesThis regulation shall apply to any installation with anuncontrolled potential to emit greater than 6.8 kg/day or 2.7 tpyof VOC from industrial surface coating operations coveredunder this rule. This includes any installation which does nothave an allowable VOC emission limit established under 10CSR 10-6.060 or legally enforceable state implementation planrevision and has uncontrolled potential emissions greater thanClear Coat - 4.3 VOC/galExtreme Performance Coat and Air-DriedCoating - 3.5 VOC/galOther Coatings - 3.0 VOC/galC-35Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Byor equal to 6.8 kg/day or 2.7 tpy.This regulation is not applicable to the surface coating of thefollowing metal parts and products: 1. Exterior refinishing ofairplanes; 2. Automobile refinishing; 3. Customizing topcoating of automobiles and trucks, if production isless thanthirty-five (35) vehicles per day; and 4. Exteriorof marinevessels.Railroad Cars, Farm Implements, Machineryand Heavy Duty Trucks - 3.5 VOC/galMO Throughout St.Louis City and Jefferson,St. Charles,Franklin and St. LouisCounties.This rule shall apply to any installation with actual emissions ofgreater than 2 1/2 tons in any calendar year afterDecember 1,1989, of VOC from surface coating operations covered underthis rule. This includes any installation which does not have anallowable VOC emission limit established under 10 CSR 10-6.060 or legally enforceable state implementation plan revision,which has actual VOC emissions of greater than 2 1/2 tons inany calendar year after December 1, 1989. Once asource is determined to exceed the applicability level of thisrule, it shall remain subject to this rule even ifits actualemissions drop below the applicability level.This rule is not applicable to the surface coatingof thefollowing metal parts and products:1. Automobile refinishing;2. Customizing top coating of automobiles and trucks, ifproduction is less than thirty-five (35) vehicles per day; and3. Exterior of marine vessels.Clear Coat - 4.3 lb VOC/galExtreme Performance and Air Dried Coatings -3.5 lb VOC/galAll Other Coatings - 3.0 lb VOC/galRailroad Cars, Farm Implements, Machineryand Heavy Duty Trucks - 3.5 VOC/galNC Cabarrus, Gaston,Lincoln, Mecklenburg,Rowan, Union, Iredell,and MecklenburgCounties.Facilities with the potential to emit 100 tons or more volatileorganiccompounds per year in the following areas:1. Cabarrus County2. Gaston County3. Lincoln County4. Mecklenburg County5. Rowan County6. Union CountyEmissions of volatile organic compounds fromany coating line shall not exceed:1. 10.3 pounds of volatile organic compoundsper gallon of solids delivered to a coatingapplicator that applies clear coatings;2. 6.7 pounds of volatile organic compoundsper gallon of solids delivered to a coatingapplicator in a coating application system thatC-36Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved By7. Davidson Township and Coddle Creek Township inIredellCounty8. And all sources located in Mecklenburg County that wererequired to comply before July 5, 1995.utilized air or forced air driers;3. 6.7 pounds of volatile organic compoundsper gallon of solids delivered to a coatingapplicator that applies extreme performancecoatings;4. 5.1 pounds of volatile organic compoundsper gallon of solids delivered to a coatingapplicator that applies coatings of five or morecolor changes or of five or more colors orapplies the coating that is the first coat onuntreated ferrous substrate; or5. where there are less than five color changesand less than five colors are applied:•0.4 pounds of volatile organic compoundsper gallon of solids delivered to a coatingapplicator that applies powder coatings; or•5.1 pounds of volatile organic compoundsper gallon of solids delivered to a coatingapplicator for any other type of coating.Any source which has chosen to controlemissions of volatile organic compounds andwhich has installed air pollution controlequipment may comply with the limits below:1. 4.3 pounds of volatile organic compoundsper gallon of coating, excluding water andexempt compounds, delivered to a coatingapplicator that applies clear coatings;2. 3.5 pounds of volatile organic compoundsper gallon of coating, excluding water andexempt compounds, delivered to a coatingapplicator in a coating application system thatutilized air or forced air driers;3. 3.5 pounds of volatile organic compoundsper gallon of coating, excluding water andC-37Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Byexempt compounds, delivered to a coatingapplicator that applies extreme performancecoatings;4. 3.0 pounds of volatile organic compoundsper gallon of coating, excluding water andexempt compounds, delivered to a coatingapplicator that applies coatings of five or morecolor changes or of five or more colors orapplies the coating that is the first coat onuntreated ferrous substrate; or5. where there are less than five color changesand less than five colors are applied:•0.4 pounds of volatile organic compoundsper gallon of coating, excluding water andexempt compounds, delivered to a coatingapplicator that applies powder coatings; or•3.0 pounds of volatile organic compoundsper gallon, excluding water and exemptsolvents, delivered to a coating applicatorfor any other type of coating.NH Any miscellaneous metal coating operations havecombinedpotential VOC emissions during any consecutive 12-monthperiod which are equal or exceed 10 tons of VOCs.(1) For a coating that is a clear or transparenttop coat, 0.52 kg VOC/l (4.3 lb VOC/gallon) ofcoating, as applied, excluding water andexempt compounds;(2) For a coating that is air dried, 0.42 kgVOC/l (3.5 lb VOC/gallon) of coating, asapplied, excluding water and exemptcompounds;(3) For a coating that is used in extremeenvironmental conditions, 0.42 kg VOC/l (3.5lb VOC/gallon) of coating, as applied,excluding water and exempt compounds; and(4) For all other coatings, 0.36 kg VOC/l (3.0lb VOC/gallon) of coating, as applied,excluding water and exempt compounds.1. Applying coatingsthat meet theestablished emissionlimits.2. Implementing addon control techniques ora bubble and complyingwith the solids-basedemission rate limitscalculated using theprocedures of Env-A1204.04(d); or3. Meeting either acoatings-based orC-38Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Bysolids-based modifiedemission rate limit asapproved by thedirector and EPA inaccordance with theRACT order provisionsof Env-A 1204.05 andEnv-A 1204.06 in theevent that the sourceowner or operatordemonstrates that thespecified emission ratelimits cannot be metbecause oftechnological oreconomic reasons.NJ Any operation in which the total surface coating formulationscontaining VOC are applied in excess of one half gallon perhour and two and one half gallons per day.Maximum allowable VOC content per volumeof coating minus water for MiscellaneousMetal Parts and ProductsClear Coating – 4.3 lbs/galAir Dried Coating – 3.5 lbs/galExtreme Performance Coating– 3.5 lbs/galAll Other Coatings – 3.0 lbs/galNew Jersey also has an “Alternative MaximumAllowable VOC Limit” for sources that meetminimum transfer efficiency. Thosealternatives are listed below.3.0 lbs/gal – 34 percent TE3.2 lbs/gal – 37 percent TE3.4 lbs/gal – 42 percent TE3.6 lbs/gal – 47 percent TE3.8 lbs/gal – 52 percent TE1. Coating formulation2.VOC emissionscontrol apparatusC-39Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved By4.0 lbs/gal – 58 percent TE4.2 lbs/gal – 65 percent TENY Statewide, New York CityMetro Area, and OrangeCounty Metro Area1. Located in the New York City metropolitan area.2. Located in the Lower Orange County metropolitanarea, forwhich the annual potential to emit volatile organiccompounds(VOCs) from all sources at the facility, regardlessof processtype but excluding combustion installations, equalor exceeds10 tons.3. Located outside the New York City metropolitanarea andthe Lower Orange County metropolitan area, for which theannual potential to emit VOCs from all sources at the facility,regardless of process type but excluding combustioninstallations, equals or exceeds 10 tons.1. Clear Coatings - 4.3 lb/gal;2. Force Air Dried or Air Dried at 90 ̊C - 3.5lb/gal;3. Extreme Performance Coatings - 3.5 lb/gal;4. Other miscellaneous meta coatings - 3.0lb/gal;1. Point of salerestriction2. Control devices3. Process specificRACT variance isgranted by regulatingauthority.OH Statewide, and Clark,Greene, Miami, andMontgomery countiesspecifically.Any miscellaneous metal parts or products coating line whichuses more than:1. For Clark, Greene, Miami, and Montgomery counties, eightgallons of coating per day; and2. For all other counties, ten gallons per day.1. 4.3 pounds of VOC per gallon of coating,excluding water and exempt solvents, or, if acontrol system is employed, 10.3 pounds ofVOC per gallon of solids for a clear coating;2. 4.0 pounds of VOC per gallon of coating,excluding water and exempt solvents, or, if acontrol system is employed, 8.8 pounds ofVOC per gallon of solids for a zinc rich primercoating;3. 3.5 pounds of VOC per gallon of coating,excluding water and exempt solvents, or, if acontrol system is employed, 6.7 pounds ofVOC per gallon of solids for an extremeperformance coating;4. 3.5 pounds of VOC per gallon of coating,excluding water and exempt solvents, or, if acontrol system is employed, 6.7 pounds ofCompliant coatings orcontrol systems.C-40Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByVOC per gallon of solids for any coating that isdried at temperatures not exceeding twohundred degrees Fahrenheit;5. 4.3 pounds of VOC per gallon of coating,excluding water and exempt solvents, or, if acontrol system is employed, 10.3 pounds ofVOC per gallon of solids for the interiorcoating of a steel pail or drum;6. 3.5 pounds of VOC per gallon of coating,excluding water and exempt solvents, or, if acontrol system is employed, 6.7 pounds ofVOC per gallon of solids for the exteriorcoating of a steel pail or drum;7. 4.9 pounds of VOC per gallon of coating,excluding water and exempt solvents, for aglass adhesion body primer coating used forthe installation of any glass windows duringthe assembly of automobiles and trucks;8. 3.0 pounds of VOC per gallon of coating,excluding water and exempt solvents, or, if acontrol system is employed, 5.1 pounds ofVOC per gallon of solids for any coating that isnot listed above.OK All new installations of any equipment or processes after theeffective date of December 28, 1974, and all existinginstallations of any equipment or processes in usethat arelocated in Tulsa County or Oklahoma County after the effectivedate of June 9, 1981.No coating operation with VOC emissionsshall use coatings that, as applied, containVOCs in excess of the amounts listed below.Limits are expressed in pounds of VOC pergallon of coating, excluding the volume of anywater and exempt organic compounds.1. Alkyd primer - 4.82. Vinyls - 6.03. NC lacquers - 6.41. Low VOC coatings.2. Developing a plantwide emission planinstead of having eachcoating line complywith the VOC contentlimitations thatsufficient reductions inemissions of VOCsC-41Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved By4. Acrylics - 6.05. Epoxies - 4.86. Maintenance finishes - 4.87. Custom products finish - 6.5may be obtained bycontrolling othersources within the plantto the extent necessaryto compensate for allexcess emissions thatresult from one or morecoating lines notachieving thelimitation.OR Portland, Medford, andSalem Metro AreasSources, new or existing, whose potential to emit volatileorganic compounds of more than 10 tons per year (or3 lb.VOC/hr or 15 lb. VOC/day actual) and are located in the in thePortland and Medford AQMA's and in the Salem SATS.1. Clear Coatings 4.3 lb/gal;2. Force Air Dried or Air Dried 3.5 lb/gal;3. Extreme Performance Coatings 3.5 lb/gal;4. Other Coatings (i.e., Powder, oven dried)3.0 lb/gal;5. High Performance Architectural Coatings3.5 lb/gal.1. The application oflow solvent contentcoating technology;2. An incinerationsystem which oxidizesat least 90.0 percent ofthe nonmethane volatileorganic compoundsentering the incinerator(VOC measured as totalcombustible carbon) tocarbon dioxide andwater; or3. An equivalent meansof VOC removal. Theequivalent means mustbe approved by theDepartment and will beincorporated in thesource's AirContaminant DischargePermit or Title VPermit, and shall notbecome effective untilC-42Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Byapproved by EPA as asource-specific SIPrevision. Otheralternative emissioncontrols approved bythe Department andallowed by EPA maybe used to provide anequivalent means ofVOC removal.PA Applies to a surface coating process category,regardless of thesize of the facility, which emits or has emitted VOCs into theoutdoor atmosphere in quantities greater than 3 pounds (1.4kilograms) per hour, 15 pounds (7 kilograms) per day or 2.7tons (2,455 kilograms) per year during any calendaryearMaximum VOC emissions in pounds VOC pergallon coating solids:Clear Coating - 10.34Air Dried Coating - 6.67Extreme Performance Coating - 6.67All Other Coatings - 5.06These limits are equivalent to state limits inlbs/gal coating1. Clear Coating – 4.3 lbs/gal2. Air Dried Coating – 3.5 lbs/gal3. Extreme Performance Coating– 3.5 lbs/gal4. All Other Coatings – 3.0 lbs/galCompliance by the useof a low VOC coating,a control technologywith demonstration ofcapture efficiency, or analternative method ofcompliance as approvedby the regulatingauthority.RI Applies to all surface coating facilities for which actualuncontrolled emissions that have been greater than15 poundsof volatile organic compounds in any one day afterDecember31, 1989.Surface coating lines must meet the emissionlimitations given below in either pounds ofVOC per gallon of coating (minus water) or inpounds of VOC per gallon of solids,depending on the method of compliance:1. Clear Coating – 4.3 lbs/gal2. Steel pail and drum interiors – 4.3 lbs/gal1. Installation of anapproved controlsystem such that thetotal emission reductionfrom the controlledcoating line is 95percent or greater overuncontrolled volatileorganic compoundC-43Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved By3. Air Dried Coating – 3.5 lbs/gal4. Extreme Performance Coating– 3.5 lbs/gal5. All Other Coatings – 3.0 lbs/galIf more than one emission limitation applies toa specific coating, then the least stringentemission limitation shall be applied.emissions, or2. Coatingreformulation such thatthe emission limitationof Subsection 19.3.1 ismet for all coatings onany coating lines usingthis method ofcompliance, or3. Installation ofcontrol equipment toreduce emissions to theequivalent of theemission limitations ofSubsection 19.3.1 ascalculated on a solidsapplied basis, or4. Use of dailyweighted averaging, asdetermined by theprocedures in AppendixA of this regulation, toachieve the emissionslimitations inSubsection 19.3.1 forall surface coatingoperations except thecoating of flat woodpaneling;4. An alternativeequivalent method ofcontrol as approved bythe regulating authority.SC Statewide except in thefollowing six counties:Anderson, Bamberg,Barnwell, Chesterfield,Affected sources include those which utilize coatingapplication systems for miscellaneous metal parts and productsin the following industries:(i) Large Farm Machinery;1. Clear Coating – 4.3 lbs/gal2. Air Dried Coating – 3.5 lbs/gal3. Extreme Performance Coating– 3.5 lbs/gal1. The application oflow solvent contentcoating technology; or,2. Incineration,C-44Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByDarlington and Hampton.(ii) Small Farm Machinery;(iii) Small Appliances;(iv) Commercial Machinery;(v) Industrial Machinery;(vi) Fabricated Metal Products;(vii) Any other industrial category which coats metal parts orproducts under the StandardIndustrial Classification Code 33 (primary metal industries), 34(fabricated metal products), 35 (non-electric machinery), 36(electric machinery), 37 (transportation equipment), 38(miscellaneous instruments), and 39 (miscellaneousmanufacturing industries).4. All Other Coatings – 3.0 lbs/galprovided that 90percent of thenonmethane volatileorganic compounds(VOC measured as totalcombustible carbon)which enter theincinerator are oxidizedto carbon dioxide andwater; or,3. Carbon bed solventrecovery system; or,4. Alternative controlsas allowed underSection I, Part C;5. A capture systemmust be used inconjunction withemission controlequipment systems.TN Rule applies Statewide.Sources in Davidson,Knox, Rutherford, Shelby,Sumner, Williamson, orWilson Counties mayhave additional reportingrequirements. .1. In Davidson, Rutherford, Sumner, Williamson, orWilsonCounty whose actual emissions without control devices fromall miscellaneous metal parts and products coatinglines withinthe facility are less than 6.8 kilograms (kg) (15 pounds [lb]) ofvolatile organic compounds (VOC’s) per day or whosemaximum theoretical emissions from all miscellaneous metalparts and products coating lines within the facility are less than10 tons of VOC per year;2. In Hamilton or Shelby County whose potential VOCemissions from all miscellaneous metal parts and productscoating lines within the facility are more than 25tons of VOCper year; or3. In any other county whose potential VOC emissions fromall miscellaneous metal parts and products coatinglines withinthe facility are more than 100 tons of VOC per year.1. High performance architectural coating - 6.2lb/gal2. Heavy-duty truck touch-up - 4.8 lb/gal3. Clear coating - 4.3 lb/gal4. Steel pail and drum interior - 4.3 lb/gal5. Air-dried coating - 3.5 lb/gal6. Extreme performance coating - 3.5 lb/gal7. All other coatings - 3.0 lb/galAs an alternative to theemission limits, coatingoperations can meet thefollowing:1.) No owner oroperator of amiscellaneous metalparts and productscoating line that appliesmultiple coatingsduring the same dayshall apply coatings onthat line during any daywhose weightedC-45Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Byaverage VOC contentexceeds the weightedaverage VOC contentlimit calculated usingVOC content factorscontained in the rule.2.) An owner oroperator of amiscellaneous metalparts and productscoating line subject tothis rule may complywith this rule by:i. Installing andoperating a capturesystem and a controldevice on that line;ii. Determining foreach day the overallemission reductionefficiency needed todemonstratecompliance. Theoverall emissionreduction needed is thelesser of the valuecalculated according tothe procedure in thischapter or 95 percent;andiii. Demonstrating eachday that the overallemission reductionefficiency achieved isgreater than or equal toC-46Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Bythe overall emissionreduction efficiencyrequired.(c) An owner oroperator of amiscellaneous metalparts and productscoating line subject tothis rule shall ensurethat:i. A capture system andcontrol device areoperated at all timesthat the line is inoperation, and theowner or operatordemonstratescompliance with thisrule through theapplicable coatinganalysis and capturesystem and controldevice efficiency testmethods specified inthis chapter, and;ii. The control device isequipped with theapplicable monitoringequipment specified inthis chapter, and themonitoring equipmentis installed, calibrated,operated, andmaintained according tothe vendor’sC-47Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Byspecifications at alltimes the control deviceis in use.TX Brazoria, Chambers,Collin, Dallas, Denton, ElPaso, Ellis, Fort Bend,Galveston, Gregg, Hardin,Harris, Jefferson, Johnson,Kaufman, Liberty,Montgomery, Nueces,Orange, Parker,Rockwall,Tarrant,Victoria, and WallerCounties.Beaumont/Port Arthur,Dallas/Fort Worth, ElPaso, andHouston/Galveston metroareas may have moredetailed compliancedemonstration andreporting requirementsSurface coating operations on a property which, whenuncontrolled, would emit a combined weight of VOC of morethan 3 pounds per hour and 15 pounds in any consecutive24-hour period1. 4.3 pounds per gallon (0.52 kg/liter) ofcoating (minus water and exempt solvent)delivered to the application system as a clearcoat; or as an interior protective coating forpails and drums;2. 3.5 pounds per gallon (0.42 kg/liter) ofcoating (minus water and exempt solvent)delivered to the application system as a lowbake coating; or that utilizes air or forced airdriers;3. 3.5 pounds per gallon (0.42 kg/liter) ofcoating (minus water and exempt solvent)delivered to the application system as anextreme performance coating, includingchemical milling maskants; and4. 3.0 pounds per gallon (0.36 kg/liter) ofcoating (minus water and exempt solvent)delivered to the application system for all othercoating applications, including high-bakecoatings that pertain to MMPP.1. Low VOC compliantcoatings2. Emissions controlsystem or capture andabatement system3. Alternativecompliance options,such as improvedtransfer efficiency, withapproval of regulatingauthority.UT The surface coating of miscellaneous metal parts and productsif the potential uncontrolled emissions of VOC is greater than10 tons per year.Applicable industries include:(a) Large farm machinery (b) Small farm machinery(c) Small appliance(d) Commercial machinery(e) Industrial machinery(f) Fabricated metal products(g) Any other industrial category which coats metal parts orproducts under the standard Industrial Classification Code of1. 0.52 kg/L (4.3 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator that applies clear coatings;2. 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator in a coating applicationsystem that is air dried or forced warm air driedat temperatures up to 90° C (194° F);3. 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator that applies extremeperformance coatings;4. 0.36 kg/L (3.0 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator for all other coatings andcoating application systems, excluding powderThe emission limitsshall be achieved by:(a) The application oflow solvent technology;or(b) An incinerationsystem which oxidizesa minimum of 90percent of the nonmethane volatileorganic compounds(VOC measures as totalC-48Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Bymajor group 33 (primary metal industries), major group 34(fabricated metal products), major group 35 (nonelectricmachinery), major group 36 (electrical machinery),majorgroup 37 (transportation equipment) major group 38(miscellaneous instruments), and major group 39(miscellaneous manufacturing industries).coating systems;combustible carbon) tocarbon dioxide andwater.VT 1. This subsection applies to any miscellaneous metal parts andproducts coating unit, except automobile, light-duty and heavyduty truck refinishing.2. The emission limits in this subsection do not apply to anycoating unit within a source whose actual emissionswithoutcontrol devices from all miscellaneous metal part and productcoating units within the source are less than 5 tons of VOCs peryear.3. Any source that becomes or is currently subjectto thissubsection shall remain so even if emissions from the sourcelater fall below the applicability threshold.1. Clear coating - 4.3 lb/gal2. Steel pail and drum interior coating - 4.3lb/gal3. Air-dried coating - 3.5 lb/gal4. Extreme performance coating - 3.5 lb/gal5. All other coatings - 3.0 lb/galLow VOC coatings orinstalling and operatinga control device anddemonstrating itsefficiency.VA Areas located withindesignated EmissionsControl Areas of (countiesunless other wise listed asCity):Arlington, Fairfax,Loudoun, Prince William,Stafford, Alexandria City,Fairfax City, Falls ChurchCity, Manassas City,Manassas Park City,Spotsylvania,Fredericksburg City,Charles City, Chesterfield, HanoverHenrico, Prince George,Applies to sources of volatile organic compounds involatileorganic compound emissions control areas that emitmore than2.7 tons per year, 15 pounds per day and three pounds per hour,based on the actual emission rate. All volatile organiccompound emissions from purging or washing solventsshall beconsidered in applying the exemption levels specified in thissubsection.The provisions of this article do not apply to thefollowing:1. Coating application systems used exclusively fordetermination of product quality and commercial acceptanceprovided:a. The operation is not an integral part of the productionprocess;b. The emissions from all product quality coatingapplicationsystems do not exceed 400 pounds in any 30 day period; and1. 4.3 pounds per gallon of coating, excludingwater, delivered to the coating applicator thatapplies clear coatings;2. 3.5 pounds per gallon of coating, excludingwater, delivered to a coating applicator in acoating application system that utilizes air orforced air driers;3. 3.5 pounds per gallon of coating, excludingwater, delivered to a coating applicator thatapplies extreme performance coatings, or4. 3.0 pounds per gallon of coating, excludingwater, delivered to a coating applicator for allother coatings and coating application systems.The control technologyshould consist of one ofthe following:1. Use ofelectrodepositedwaterborne coatings;2. Use of waterbornecoatings;3. Use of high-solidscoatings;4. Use of powdercoatings;5. Carbon adsorption;6. Incineration; or7. Any technology ofequal or greater controlC-49Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByColonial Heights City,Hopewell City, PetersburgCity, Richmond City,Gloucester, Isle of Wight,James City, York,Chesapeake City,Hampton City, NewportNews City, Norfolk City,Poquoson City,Portsmouth City, SuffolkCity, Virginia Beach City,Williamsburg City,Botetourt, Frederick,Roanoke, Roanoke City,Salem City, WinchesterCityc. The exemption is approved by the board.2. Vehicle refinishing operations.3. Vehicle customized coating operations, if production is lessthan 20 vehicles per day.4. Fully assembled aircraft and marine vessel exterior coatingoperations.No owner or other person shall use any coatingapplication system or equipment unlessreasonable precautions are taken to minimizethe discharge or emissions from cleaning orpurging operations. Reasonable precautionsmay include the following:1. The use of capture or control devices orboth;2. The use of detergents, high pressure water,or other non-volatile cleaning methods;3. The minimization of the quantity of volatileorganic compounds used to clean lines ofequipment; and4. The adjustment of production schedules tominimize coating changes thereby reducing theneed for frequent cleaning or purging of asystem.efficiency whencompared to the use ofa coating complyingwith 9VAC5-40-4780A, provided suchtechnology is approvedby the Air QualityBoard.WA Applies to specified emission sources of VOCs located in oroperating within designated ozone non-attainment areas of thestate of Washington that exceed 300 kg (660 lbs) per month ofVOC emissions.1. 0.52 kg/L (4.3 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator that applies clear coatings;2. 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator in a coating applicationsystem that is air dried or forced warm air driedat temperatures up to 90° C (194° F);3. 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator that applies extremeperformance coatings;4. 0.36 kg/L (3.0 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator for all other coatings andcoating application systems, excluding powdercoating systems; and5. 0.05 kg/L (0.4 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator for all powder coatingsystems.The emission limitsshall be achieved by:1. The application oflow solvent coatingtechnology; or2. An incinerationsystem that oxidizes atleast ninety percent ofthe VOCs (VOCmeasured as totalcombustible carbon) tocarbon dioxide andwater; or3. An equivalent meansof VOC reductionC-50Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved Bycertified by theowner(s) or operator(s)and approved byregulating authority.WV Putnam County, KanawhaCounty, Cabell County,Wayne County, and WoodCounties.Any new or existing source that employs surface coatingoperations and that the total actual VOC emissionsfrom allsuch equipment at the facility exceed 450 pounds inanycalendar month.It does not apply to:1. Exterior of completely assembled aircraft;2. Exterior of major aircraft subassemblies, if approved by theDirector and the U.S. EPA;3. Automobile and truck refinishing;4. Customized top coating of automobiles and trucks, ifproduction is less than 35 vehicles per day;5. Exterior of completely assembled marine vessels; or6. Exterior of major marine vessel subassemblies1. 0.52 kg/L (4.3 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator that applies clear coatings;2. 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator in a coating applicationsystem that is air dried or forced warm air driedat temperatures up to 90° C (194° F);3. 0.42 kg/L (3.5 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator that applies extremeperformance coatings;4. 0.36 kg/L (3.0 lb/gal) of coating delivered toa coating applicator for all other coatings andcoating application systems.1. Installing andoperating a capturesystem on that line;2. Installing andoperating a controldevice on that line;3. Determining foreach day the overallemission reductionefficiency needed todemonstratecompliance. Theoverall emissionreduction needed for aday is the lesser of thevalue calculatedaccording to theprocedure in section43.2. for that day or 95percent; andd. Demonstrating eachday that the overallemission reductionefficiency achieved forthat day, as determinedin section 44.3., isgreater than or equal tothe overall emissionreduction efficiencyrequired for that day.WI Door, Kenosha, Surface Coating facilities with greater than 6.8 kilograms (15 1. 0.52 kilograms per liter (4.3 pounds per 1. The application ofC-51Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved ByKewaunee, Manitowoc,Milwaukee, Ozaukee,Racine, Sheboygan,Walworth, Washingtonand Waukesha Counties.pounds) in any one day with all emission control equipmentinoperative.gallon) of coating, excluding water, deliveredto a coating applicator that applies clearcoatings.2. 0.42 kilograms per liter (3.5 pounds pergallon) of coating, excluding water, deliveredto a coating applicator that applies extremeperformance coatings.3. 0.36 kilograms per liter (3.0 pounds pergallon) of coating, excluding water, deliveredto a coating applicator for all other coatings.4. 0.52 kilograms per liter (4.3 pounds pergallon) of coating, excluding water, deliveredto a coating applicator that applies clearcoatings.5. 0.42 kilograms per liter (3.5 pounds pergallon) of coating, excluding water, deliveredto a coating applicator for all other coatings.low solvent contentcoating or inktechnology.2. A vapor recoverysystem which recoversthe solvent for reuse.3. Incineration orcatalytic oxidation,provided that 90% ofthe nonmethane VOCs(VOC measured as totalcombustible carbon)which enter theincinerator or oxidationunit are oxidized tonon−organiccompounds.4. An equivalentsystem or approachdemonstrated to reliablycontrol emissions to alevel at or below theapplicable emissionlimit and approved bythe department.WI Statewide 1. Surface Coating facilities with greater than 6.8 kilograms(15 pounds) in any one day with all emission control equipmentinoperative.2. Surface coating facilities located in the county of Brown,Calumet, Dane, Dodge, Fond du Lac, Jefferson, Outagamie,Rock or Winnebago and which have actual emissions of VOCsfrom all surface coating process within the facility of more than10 tons per year with all emission control equipmentinoperative.No owner or operator of a miscellaneous metalparts or products coating line may cause, allowor permit the emission of any VOCs in excessof 0.78 kilograms per liter (6.50 pounds pergallon).1. The application oflow solvent contentcoating or inktechnology.2. A vapor recoverysystem which recoversthe solvent for reuse.3. Incineration orcatalytic oxidation,provided that 90% ofC-52Appendix CSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Metal Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission LimitAchieved By3. Surface coating facilities located outside thecounties ofBrown, Calumet, Dane, Dodge, Door, Fond du Lac, Jefferson,Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Outagamie,Ozaukee, Racine, Rock, Sheboygan, Walworth, Washington,Waukesha and Winnebago and which have total emissions ofVOCs from the facility, with all emission control equipmentinoperative, of more than 100 tons per year.the nonmethane VOCs(VOC measured as totalcombustible carbon)which enter theincinerator or oxidationunit are oxidized tonon−organiccompounds.4. An equivalentsystem or approachdemonstrated to reliablycontrol emissions to alevel at or below theapplicable emissionlimit and approved bythe department.E-1Appendix DSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Plastic Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved ByAZ Maricopa County Plastic parts and products Not Defined as Flexible 3.5 lb/galFlexible:Primer 4.1 lb/galColor Topcoat 3.8 lb/galBasecoat/Clear Coat (Combined System) for either coat4.5 lb/galCA Antelope Valley AQMD Plastics, glass and rubbercoatingsEmissions limits stated in coating lb per galGeneral Coatings:One-component - 2.3Two-component - 3.5Military Spec. Coating:One-component - 2.8Two-component - 3.5Multi-Colored Coatings -5.7Mold Seal Coatings - 6.3Vacuum Metalizing Coatings - 6.7Mirror Backing:Curtain Coated - 4.2Roll Coated - 3.6Optical Coatings - 6.7Electric Dissipating Coatings and Shock-Free Coatings - 3.0Metallic Coatings - 3.5A person may comply with by usingair pollution control equipment,provided that the VOC emissions fromsuch operations or materials arereduced in accordance with theprovisions below:(A) The control device shall reduceVOC emissions from an emissioncollection system by at least 95percent, by weight, or theconcentration of VOC in the output ofthe air pollution control device shall beless than 50 PPM calculated as carbonwith no dilution.(B) The owner/operator demonstratesthat the system collects at least 90percent, by weight, of the VOCemissions generated by the sources ofemissions.CA Bay Area AQMD Plastic Parts and Products A person shall not apply to any plastic part or product anycoating with a VOC content in excess of 340 grams of VOC perliter of coating applied (2.8 lb/gal), excluding water.A person shall not apply to any flexible part or product anycoating which has a VOC content in excess of the followingEmissions to the atmosphere are to becontrolled to an equivalent level by useof an air pollution abatement devicewith an abatement device efficiency ofat least 85%.E-2Appendix DSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Plastic Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved Bylimits expressed as grams of VOC per liter (lb VOCper gal) ofcoating applied.Flexible primer 490 grams/liter (4.1 lb/gal)Color topcoat 450 grams/liter (3.8 lb/gal)Base coat/clear coat (combined system) 540 grams/liter (4.5lb/gal)A person shall not apply to any plastic part or product anyspecialty coating with VOC content in excess of thefollowinglimits, expressed as grams of VOC per liter (lb VOCper gal) ofcoating applied.Camouflage 420 grams/liter (3.5 lb/gal)Conductive 325 grams/liter (2.7 lb/gal)Metallic Topcoat 420 grams/liter (3.5 lb/gal)Extreme Performance 750 grams/liter (6.2 lb/gal)High Gloss 420 grams/liter (3.5 lb/gal)Optical 800 grams/liter (6.7 lb/gal)Any person using the above coatings shall also comply with thefollowing provisions:a. Usage is limited to 3785 liters (1000 gal) in any calendaryear.b. Requirements of Section 8-31-401 must be satisfied.CA South Coast AQMDCoating lb per galElectrical dissipating and shock free coatings-3.0Extreme performance 2-component coatings-3.5General 1-component coating-1.0General 2-component coating-2.5 (after 1-1-‘06); 1.0 (after 1-1-‘08)Metallic coatings-3.5Military spec 1-component coatings-2.8A person may comply with by usingair pollution control equipment,provided that the VOC emissions fromsuch operations or materials arereduced in accordance with theprovisions below:(A) The control device shall reduceVOC emissions from an emissioncollection system by at least 95E-3Appendix DSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Plastic Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved ByMilitary spec 2-component coatings-3.5Mold seal coatings-6.3Multi-colored coatings-5.7Optical coatings-0.4Vacuum metalizing-6.7percent, by weight, or theconcentration of VOC in the output ofthe air pollution control device shall beless than 50 PPM calculated as carbonwith no dilution.(B) The owner/operator demonstratesthat the system collects at least 90percent, by weight, of the VOCemissions generated by the sources ofemissions.DE Limits do not apply to plasticparts coating facilities whoseplant-wide actual emissions,without control devices, fromall plastic parts coatingoperations, are less than 6.8 kg(15 lb) of VOCs per day.Automotive/Transportation Coating CategoryI. Auto Interiors1) High-Bake Colorcoats - 4.1 lb VOC/gal (0.49 kg VOC/L)2) High-Bake Primers - 3.8 lb VOC/gal (0.46 kg VOC/L)3) Low-Bake Colorcoats - 3.2 lb VOC/gal (0.38 kg VOC/L)4) Low-Bake Primers - 3.5 lb VOC/gal (0.42 kg VOC/L)II. Auto Exteriors (Flexible and Non-Flexible)1) High-Bake Coatingsa) Colorcoats - 4.6 lb VOC/gal (0.55 kg VOC/L)b) Clearcoats - 4.3 lb VOC/gal (0.52 kg VOC/L)c) Primers - 5 lb VOC/gal (0.6 kg VOC/L)d) Primers-Non-Flexible - 4.5 lb VOC/gal (0.54 kg VOC/L)2) Low-Bake Coatingsa) Primers - 5.5 lb VOC/gal (0.66 kg VOC/L)b) Red and Black Colorcoats - 5.6 lb VOC/gal (0.67kgVOC/L)c) Colorcoats - All Other Colors - 5.1 lb VOC/gal (0.61 kgVOC/L)d) Clearcoats - 4.5 lb VOC/gal (0.54 kg VOC/L)III. Auto Specialty1) Vacuum Metalizing Basecoats and Texture Coatings- 5.5 lbVOC/gal (0.66 kg VOC/L)As an alternative to compliance withthe emission limits of this Section, anowner or operator may meet therequirements of a daily-weightedaverage limitation or installing controldevicesE-4Appendix DSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Plastic Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved By2) Black and Reflective Argent Coatings, Soft SpecialtyCoatings, and Air Bag Cover Coatings - 5.9 lb VOC/gal (0.71kg VOC/L)3) Gloss Flatteners, Vacuum Metalizing Topcoats, and TextureTopcoat. - 6.4 lb VOC/gal (0.77 kg VOC/L)4) Stencil Coatings, Adhesion Primers, Ink Pad PrintingCoatings, Electrostatic Prep Coats, and Resist Coatings - 6.8 lbVOC/gal (0.81 kg VOC/L)5) Headlamp Lens Coatings - 7.4 lb VOC/gal (0.89 kgVOC/L)Business Machine Coating CategoryI. Primers - 1.2 lb VOC/gal (0.14 kg VOC/L)II. Clearcoats 2.3 lb VOC/gal (0.28 kg VOC/L)III. Colorcoats/ Texture coats 2.3 lb VOC/gal (0.28 kg VOC/L)IV. EMI/RFI Coatings 4.0 lb VOC/gal (0.48 kg VOC/L)V. Specialty Coatings1) Soft Coatings - 4.3 lb VOC/gal (0.52 kg VOC/L)2) Plating Resist Coatings - 5.9 lb VOC/gal (0.71 kg VOC/L)3) Plating Sensitizer Coatings - 7.1 lb VOC/gal (0.85 kgVOC/L)IL Chicago, IL area countiesof Cook, DuPage, Kane,Lake, McHenry, and Will,the Townships of AuxSable and Goose Lake inGrundy County, and theTownship of Oswego inKendall CountyDoes not apply to coating lineswith actual emissions of VOMfrom all lines at the sourcesubject that never exceed 6.8kg/day [15 lbs/day] before theapplication of capture systemsand control devicesAutomotive/Transportation kg/l (lb/gal)1) InteriorsA) Bakedi) Color coat 0.49 (4.1)ii) Primer 0.46 (3.8)B) Air Driedi) Color coat 0.38 (3.2)ii) Primer 0.42 (3.5)2) Exteriors (flexible and nonflexible)A) Bakedi) Primer 0.60 (5.0)ii) Primer non-flexible 0.54 (4.5)Alternative compliance options to thecontent limits include daily-weightedaverage limitations or the applicationof capture and control system.E-5Appendix DSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Plastic Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved Byiii) Clear coat 0.52 (4.3)iv) Color coat 0.55 (4.6)B) Air Driedi) Primer 0.66 (5.5)ii) Clear coat 0.54 (4.5)iii) Color coat (red & black) 0.67 (5.6)iv) Color coat (others) 0.61 (5.1)3) SpecialtyA) Vacuum metallizing basecoats, texture basecoats0.66 (5.5)B) Black coatings, reflective argent coatings, airbag covercoatings, and soft coatings 0.71 (5.9)C) Gloss reducers, vacuum metallizing topcoats, andtexturetopcoats 0.77 (6.4)D) Stencil coatings, adhesion primers, ink pad coatings,electrostatic prep coatings, and resist coatings 0.82 (6.8)E) Head lamp lens coatings 0.89 (7.4)Business Machine kg/l (lb/gal)1) Primer 0.14 (1.2)2) Color coat (non-texture coat) 0.28 (2.3)3) Color coat (texture coat) 0.28 (2.3)4) Electromagnetic interference/radio frequency interference(EMI/RFI) shielding coatings 0.48 (4.0)5) Specialty CoatingsA) Soft coat 0.52 (4.3)B) Plating resist 0.71 (5.9)C) Plating sensitizer 0.85 (7.1)IL Metro East area,counties of Madison,Monroe, and St. ClairDoes not apply to coating lineswith a combined actualemissions of VOM from alllines at the source subject thatnever exceed 6.8 kg/day (15lbs/day) before the applicationof capture systems and controlAutomotive/Transportation kg/l (lb/gal)1) InteriorsA) Bakedi) Color coat 0.49 (4.1)ii) Primer 0.46 (3.8)B) Air DriedAlternative compliance options to thecontent limits include daily-weightedaverage limitations or the applicationof capture and control system.E-6Appendix DSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Plastic Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved Bydevices.i) Color coat 0.38 (3.2)ii) Primer 0.42 (3.5)2) Exteriors (flexible and nonflexible)A) Bakedi) Primer 0.60 (5.0)ii) Primer non-flexible 0.54 (4.5)iii) Clear coat 0.52 (4.3)iv) Color coat 0.55 (4.6)B) Air Driedi) Primer 0.66 (5.5)ii) Clear coat 0.54 (4.5)iii) Color coat (red & black) 0.67 (5.6)iv) Color coat (others) 0.61 (5.1)3) SpecialtyA) Vacuum metallizing basecoats, texture basecoats0.66 (5.5)B) Black coatings, reflective argent coatings, airbag covercoatings, and soft coatings 0.71 (5.9)C) Gloss reducers, vacuum metallizing topcoats, andtexturetopcoats 0.77 (6.4)D) Stencil coatings, adhesion primers, ink pad coatings,electrostatic prep coatings, and resist coatings 0.82 (6.8)E) Head lamp lens coatings 0.89 (7.4)Business Machine kg/l (lb/gal)1) Primer 0.14 (1.2)2) Color coat (non-texture coat) 0.28 (2.3)3) Color coat (texture coat) 0.28 (2.3)4) Electromagnetic interference/radio frequency interference(EMI/RFI) shielding coatings 0.48 (4.0)5) Specialty CoatingsA) Soft coat 0.52 (4.3)B) Plating resist 0.71 (5.9)C) Plating sensitizer 0.85 (7.1)E-7Appendix DSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Plastic Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved ByIN Lake, Porter, Clark orFloyd CountiesThis rule shall apply tostationary sources located inLake, Porter, Clark, or FloydCounty that emit or have thepotential to emit VOCs atlevels equal to or greater than25 tpy in Lake and PorterCounties and 100 tpy in Clarkand Floyd Counties. This ruleshall also apply to sources thathave coating facilities whichemit or have the potential toemit a total equal to or greaterthan ten 10 tpy of VOCs inFloyd, Clark, Lake, or PorterCounty.Affected facilities must implement one (1) of the followingemissions reduction measures on or before May 31, 1995:(1) Achieve an overall VOC reduction from baselineactualemissions of at least ninety-eight percent (98%) bythedocumented reduction in use of VOC containing materials orinstall an add-on control system that achieves an overall controlefficiency of ninety-eight percent (98%).(2) Where it can be demonstrated by the source thatcontroltechnology does not exist that is reasonably available and bothtechnologically and economically feasible to achieve a ninetyeight percent (98%) reduction in VOC emissions, a source shallachieve an overall VOC reduction of at least eighty-one percent(81%) from baseline actual emissions with the documentedreduction in use of VOC containing materials or install an addon control system that achieves an overall controlefficiency ofeighty-one percent (81%).(3) Achieve an alternative overall emission reduction with theapplication of reasonably available control technology (RACT)that has been determined as reasonably available bythe U.S.EPA and the department. A petition developed in accordancewith the procedures in 326 IAC 8-1-5 shall accompany therequest for an alternative overall emission reduction. Thepetitionshall be submitted to the department on or before December 31,1994. The department may approve an extension untilFebruary 28, 1995, for submittal of the petition provided therequest is received by the department prior to December31,1994.MA Applies to any person whoowns, leases, operates orcontrols plastic parts surfacecoating line(s) which in totalhave the potential to emit,before the application of airEmission Limits for Surface Coating of Plastic Partsusing Low/no VOC Coatings (lbs VOC/gal solids as applied)Business Machines/Miscellaneous Plastic PartsColor coating 3.4Color/texture coating 3.4Primer Coating 1.4E-8Appendix DSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Plastic Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved Bypollution control equipment,equal to or greater than 50 tonsper year of volatile organiccompounds.EMI/RFI 8.8Automotive Interior Parts CoatingColorcoat 5.7Primer 6.7Automotive Exterior Flexible Parts CoatingColorcoat 9.3Clearcoat 6.7Primer 11.6Automotive Exterior Rigid (non-flexible) Parts CoatingColorcoat 9.3Clearcoat 6.7Primer 6.7Emission Source Emission Limitation w/ Add-on Controls (lbsVOC/gal solids as applied)Business Machines/Miscellaneous Plastic PartsColor coating 1.7Color/texture coating 1.7Primer Coating 1.4EMI/RFI 1.9Automotive Interior Parts CoatingColorcoat 3.6Primer 1.4Automotive Exterior Flexible Parts CoatingColorcoat 2.8Clearcoat 2.4Primer 4.8Automotive Exterior Rigid (non-flexible) Parts CoatingColorcoat 2.8Clearcoat 2.4Primer 3.6MD This regulation applies to aperson who owns or operatesPlastic vehicle parts: 3.0 lb/gallon (0.36 kg/liter)Decorative coating of other plastic parts: 5.9 lb/gallon (0.70E-9Appendix DSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Plastic Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved Byany coating or printinginstallation that is listed in andthat has VOC emissions equalto or greater than 20 lb ofVOC/daykg/liter)MI Kent, Livingston,Macomb, Monroe,Muskegon, Oakland,Ottawa, St. Clair,Washtenaw, and WayneCountiesAutomobile, truck, or businessmachine plastic part coatingEmissions limits for automotive and truck plastic parts coatingin pounds of volatile organic compounds allowed tobe emittedper gallon of coating (minus water) as applied:1. High bake coating-exterior and interior partsPrimer(i) Flexible coating – 4.5(ii) Nonflexible coating – 3.5Topcoat(i) Basecoat – 4.3(ii) Clearcoat - 4.0(iii) Non-basecoat/clearcoat- 4.32. Air-dried coating--exterior parts3(a) Primer – 4.8(b) Topcoat(i) Basecoat - 5.0(ii) Clearcoat – 4.5(iii) Non-basecoat/clearcoat - 4.53. Air-dried coating--interior parts - 5.24. Touch-up and repair - 5.0Emission limits for business machines plastic partscoating inpounds of volatile organic compounds allowed to beemittedper gallon of coating (minus water) as applied:1. Prime - 2.92. Topcoat - 2.93. Texture coat - 2.94. Fog coat - 2.25. Touch-up and repair - 2.9MOThroughout St. This rule shall apply to anyPlastic Parts 3.5 lb/galE-10Appendix DSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Plastic Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved ByLouis City and Jefferson,St. Charles,Franklin and St. LouisCounties.installation with actualemissions of greater than 2 1/2tons in any calendar year afterDecember 1, 1989, of VOCfrom surface coating operationscovered under this rule. Thisincludes any installation whichdoes not have an allowableVOC emission limit establishedunder 10 CSR 10-6.060 orlegally enforceable stateimplementation plan revision,which has actual VOCemissions of greater than 2 1/2tons in any calendar year afterDecember 1, 1989. Once asource is determined to exceedthe applicability level of thisrule, it shall remain subject tothis rule even if its actualemissions drop below theapplicability level.NHAny plastic parts coatingoperations have combinedpotential VOC emissionsduring any consecutive 12-month period after December31, 1989 which are equal orexceed 50 tons of VOC.Coating of Plastic parts for Automotive Interiorshigh bake prime coating, 3.8 lb VOC/gallonhigh bake color coating, 4.1 lb VOC/gallonlow bake prime coating, 3.5 lb VOC/gallonlow bake color coating, 3.2 lb VOC/gallonCoating of Plastic parts for Automotive Exteriorshigh bake flexible prime coating, 5.0 lb VOC/gallonhigh bake nonflexible prime coating, 4.5 lb VOC/gallonhigh bake color coating, 4.6 lb VOC/gallonhigh bake clear coating, 4.3 lb VOC/gallonlow bake prime coating, 5.5 lb VOC/gallonCoating of non-Automotive plastic partsprime coating, 1.2 lb VOC/gallon1. Applying coatings that meet theestablished emission limits.2. Implementing add-on controltechniques or a bubble and complyingwith the solids-based emission ratelimits calculated using the proceduresof Env-A 1204.04(d); or3. Meeting either a coatings-based orsolids-based modified emission ratelimit as approved by the director andEPA in accordance with the RACTorder provisions of Env-A 1204.05 andE-11Appendix DSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Plastic Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved Bynontexture color coating, 2.3 lb VOC/gallontexture color coating, 2.3 lb VOC/gallonelectromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, 4.0 lbVOC/gallonradio frequency interference (RFI) shielding, 4.0 lbVOC/gallonsoft coatings, 4.3 lb VOC/gallonplating resist, 5.9 lb VOC/gallonplating sensitizer, 7.1 lb VOC/gallonEnv-A 1204.06 in the event that thesource owner or operator demonstratesthat the specified emission rate limitscannot be met because of technologicalor economic reasons.NY Statewide, New York CityMetro Area, and OrangeCounty Metro Area1. All facilities performingsurface coating located in theNew York City metropolitanarea.2. All facilities performingsurface coating located in theLower Orange Countymetropolitan area, for whichthe annual potential to emitvolatile organic compounds(VOCs) from all sources at thefacility, regardless of processtype but excluding combustioninstallations, equal or exceeds25 tons.3. All facilities performingsurface coating located outsidethe New York Citymetropolitan area and theLower Orange Countymetropolitan area, for whichthe annual potential to emitVOCs from all sources at thefacility, regardless of processMaximum permitted pounds of VOC per gallon of coating lesswater and excluded VOC for Plastic Parts Coating:1. Color topcoat – 3.8 lb/gal;2. Clear Coat – 4.8 lb/gal1. Point of sale restriction2. Control devices3. Process specific RACT variance isgranted by regulating authority.E-12Appendix DSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Plastic Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved Bytype but excluding combustioninstallations, equals or exceeds50 tons.TN Davidson,Rutherford, Sumner,Williamson and WilsonCountiesAny plastic parts coating linewithin a facility whosepotential VOC emissions fromall plastic parts coating lineswithin the facility are greaterthan 25 tons of volatile organiccompounds (VOC’s) per yearand coats plastic componentsfor automotive or othertransportation equipmentincluding interior and/orexterior parts for automobiles,trucks, tractors, lawn mowers,other mobile equipment,business machines, medicalequipment housing,entertainment equipmenthousing, miscellaneous plasticparts, including toys, musicalequipment housing, sportinggoods, outdoor signs, andarchitectural structures such asdoors, floors, and windowframes.Emission limits listed below in lbs/gal:1. Business machines, Medical equipment housing,Entertainment equipment housing andMiscellaneous plastic parts:Primer - 1.20Color - 2.30Color/texture - 2.30EMI/RFI - 2.502. Automotive Coating:(i)Auto Interior:High Bake Colorcoat - 4.1High Bake Primer - 3.8Low Bake Colorcoat - 3.2Low Bake Primer - 3.5(ii) Auto ExteriorFlexible/Nonflexible(unless otherwise noted)High Bake Colorcoat - 4.7High Bake Clearcoat - 4.3High Bake Primer - 5.0(Flexible)High Bake Primer - 4.5(Nonflexible)Low Bake Colorcoat - 5.6(Red & Black)Low Bake Colorcoat - 5.1Low Bake Primer - 5.5Low Bake Clear - 4.5An owner or operator of a plasticcoating line subject to this rule maycomply with this rule by:(i) Installing and operating a capturesystem and a control device on thatline;(ii) Determining for each day theoverall emission reduction efficiencyneeded to demonstrate compliance.The overall emission reduction neededis the lesser of the value calculatedaccording to the procedure in thischapter or 95 percent;(iii) Demonstrating each day that theoverall emission reduction efficiencyachieved is greater than or equal to theoverall emission reduction efficiencyrequired.An owner or operator of a plasticcoating line subject to this rule electingto comply with an add on control shallensure that:(i) A capture system and controldevice are operated at all times that theline is in operation, and the owner oroperator demonstrates compliance withthis rule through the applicable coatinganalysis and capture system andE-13Appendix DSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Plastic Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved ByAutomotive Specialty(i) Group A-1 Coatings: - 5.5Vacuum Metallizing, Basecoats, Texture Basecoats(ii) Group A-2 Coatings: - 5.9Black and Reflective, Argent, Air Bag Cover Coatings, SoftCoatings(iii) Group B Coatings: - 6.4Gloss Reducers, Vacuum Metallizing Topcoats, TextureTopcoats(iv) Group C Coatings: - 6.8Stencil, Adhesion Primer/Promoter, Ink Pad, Electrostatic Prep,Resist(v) Headlight Lens Coating - 7.4control device efficiency test methodsdescribed in the rule.(ii) The control device is equippedwith the applicable monitoringequipment, and the monitoringequipment is installed, calibrated,operated, and maintained according tothe vendor’s specifications at all timesthe control device is in use.WI Kewaunee, Kenosha,Manitowoc, Milwaukee,Ozaukee, Racine,Sheboygan, Washingtonor Waukesha countiesApplies to plastic parts coatingat facilities which are located inKenosha, Milwaukee, Ozaukee,Racine, Washington orWaukesha county and havemaximum theoretical emissionsof VOC from the facility,excluding any maximumtheoretical emissions of VOCof 25 tons per year or more,and plastic parts coating atfacilities that are located inKewaunee, Manitowoc, orSheboygan county and havemaximum theoretical emissionsof VOC from the facility,excluding any maximumtheoretical emissions of VOCof 100 tons per year or more.VOC content limitations for coatingsused in plastic parts coating in pounds/gallons ofcoating,excluding water, as applied(a) Automotive/transportation1. Interiorsa. BakedPrime coats - 3.8Other nonclear coatings - 4.1b. Air driedPrime coats - 3.5Other nonclear coatings - 4.92. Exteriorsa. BakedNonelastomeric prime coats - 4.5Elastomeric prime coats - 5.0Clear coats - 4.3Other coatings - 4.6b. Air dried1. The application of low solventcontent coating or ink technology.2. A vapor recovery system whichrecovers the solvent for reuse.3. Incineration or catalytic oxidation,provided that 90% ofthe nonmethane VOCs (VOCmeasured as total combustible carbon)which enter the incinerator oroxidation unit are oxidized tonon−organic compounds.4. An equivalent system or approachdemonstrated to reliablycontrol emissions to a level at or belowthe applicable emission limit andapproved by the department.E-14Appendix DSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Plastic Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved ByPrime coats - 5.5Clear coats - 4.5Other coatings, red and black - 5.6Other coatings - 5.13. Specialtya. Adhesive primers - 6.8b. Air bag cover coatings - 5.9c. Anti−glare safety coatings - 6.4d. Electrostatic prep coatings - 6.8e. Head lamp lens coatings - 7.4f. Pad printing coatings - 6.8g. Reflective argent coatings - 5.9h. Resist coatings - 6.8i. Soft coatings - 5.9j. Stencil coatings - 6.8k. Texture basecoats - 5.5l. Texture topcoats - 6.4m. Vacuum metallizing basecoats - 5.5n. Vacuum metallizing topcoats - 6.4(b) Business machine1. Prime coats - 2.92. Other nonclear coatings - 2.93. Specialtya. Electromagnetic interference/radio frequencyinterference(EMI/RFI) shielding coatings - 4.0b. Resist coatings - 5.9c. Sensitizer coatings - 7.1d. Soft coatings - 4.3(c) Miscellaneous categories1. Air cleaner covers - 6.02. Building exterior molding, trim, shutters and weatherE-15Appendix DSummary of State and Local Rules for VOC Emissionsfrom Plastic Parts CoatingStateCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies ToVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved Bystripping - 6.23. Building interior molding and trim - 2.54. Cosmetic casesa. Opaque coatings - 4.8b. Other coatings - 5.95. Personal hygiene razorsa. Soft coatings - 5.5b. Other coatings - 6.26. Signsa. Mask coatings - 0.8b. Opaque coatings - 5.9c. Other coatings - 6.57. Smoke detector covers - 6.2E-1Appendix ESummary of California Air District Requirements forVOC Emissions from Pleasure Craft Surface CoatingCounty/AreaVOC Limit Applies toVOC LimitEmission Limit Achieved ByBay Area AirQualityManagementDistrict(BAAQMD)RULE 43 -SURFACEPREPARATIONAND COATINGOF MARINEVESSELSApplies to coating of any marinevessel, component or structureintended for exposure to a marineenvironment.VOC limits listed below in lbs/gal:Anti-Foulant - 3.3Heat Resistant (Air Dried) - 3.5Heat Resistant (Baked) - 3.0High-Gloss (Air Dried) - 2.8High-Gloss (Baked) - 2.3High-Temperature - 4.2Inorganic Zinc - 2.8Navigational Aids - 4.6Pretreatment Wash Primer - 3.5Specialty Interior - 2.8Sealant Coat for Wire Spray Aluminum - 5.1Special Marking - 4.1Tack Coat - 5.1Repair and Maintenance Thermoplastic - 2.8Extreme High-Gloss (Air Dried) - 4.1Extreme High-Gloss (Baked) - 3.5Low Activation Interior Coating - 3.5Unless emissions to the atmosphere arecontrolled by an approved emission controlsystem with an overall abatement efficiency of atleast 85%, any person using solvent for surfacepreparation or cleanup or any person mixing,using or disposing of coatings containing organicsolvent:(i) Shall use closed containers for the storage ordisposal of cloth or paper used for solventsurface preparation and cleanup.(ii) Shall close containers of coating, catalyst,and fresh or spent solvent when not in use.(iii) Shall not use organic solvent for the cleanupof spray equipment, including paint lines, with aVOC content in excess of 50 g/l (0.42 lbs/gal)unless either (i) the solvent is pressurized thoughspray equipment with atomizing air off ordispensed from a small non-atomizing container,and collected and stored in a closed containeruntil recycled or properly disposed of offsite, or(ii) a spray gun washer subject to and incompliance with the requirements of Regulation8, Rule 16 is used.E-2Mojave Desert AirQualityManagementDistrict(MDAQMD)RULE 1106 –MARINECOATINGOPERATIONSApplies to all marine coatingoperations of both commercialboats and ships, pleasure craft andtheir appurtenances, and to thecoating of buoys and oil drillingrigs, or their parts andcomponents intended for themarine environments, whichoccur within the Mojave DesertAir Quality Management District.Air-Dried VOC limits listed below in g/L, followedbybaked VOC limits in g/L in parenthases whereapplicable.1. ExteriorsElastomeric Adhesives with 15%, by weight, NaturalorSynthetic Rubber - 730Extreme Performance - 420 (360)Extreme High-Gloss - 490 (420)Finish Primer/Surfacer - 420General Use - 340 (275)Heat Resistant - 420 (360)High Build Primer/Surfacer - 340High-Gloss - 340 (275)High-Temperature - 500Inorganic Zinc (high-build) - 340Metallic Heat Resistant - 530Mist - 610Nonskid - 340Organic Zinc - 360Pretreatment Wash Primer - 780 (780)Repair and Maintenance of Thermoplastics - 550 (550)Sealant for Wire-Sprayed Aluminum - 610Special Marking - 490 (490)Specialty Interior - 340Tack Coat - 610Teak Primer - 775Topcoats – Extreme High Gloss - 490Topcoats – High Gloss - 420Weld-through Preconstruction Primer - 3402. AntifoulantNon-Pleasure Craft - 400Aluminum Substrate for Pleasure Craft - 560Other Substrates for Pleasure Craft - 3303. Miscellaneous PartsAir Flask - 340Antenna - 530Navigational Aids - 340A person shall not apply any coatings to marinevessels and appurtenances subject to theprovisions of this Rule, unless the coating isapplied with equipment properly operatedaccording to the manufacturer’s suggestedguidelines, and using one of the followingapplication methods:(a) Electrostatic attraction; or(b) High Volume Low Pressure (HVLP) sprayequipment; or(c) Dip coat; or(d) Hand application methods; or(e) Other coating application methods as aredemonstrated to have a transfer efficiency at leastequal to one of the above methods, and which areused in a manner that the parameters under whichthey were tested are permanent features of themethod. Prior to their use, such coatingapplications shall be approved in writing by theAPCO.E-3Ventura CountyAir PollutionControl District(VCAPCD)RULE 74.24.1 -PLEASURECRAFTCOATING ANDCOMMERCIALBOATYARDOPERATIONSApplies to any person whoapplies, specifies the use of, orsupplies coatings for pleasurecraft, and their parts orcomponents. The provisions ofthis rule also apply to any personwho applies, specifies the use of,or supplies marine coatings thatare used at a commercialboatyard.ROC limits in grams of ROC per liter of coatings lesswater and exempt organic compounds:1. ExteriorsFinish Primer(One-Component) - 420Finish Primer(Two-Component) - 420High Build Primer Surfacer - 340Marine Deck Sealant Primer - 760Pretreatment Wash Primer - 780Topcoats (One-Component) - 490Topcoats (Two-Component) - 650Other Coatings - 4202. AntifoulantAluminum Substrates - 580Other Substrates - 4001. No person shall apply any coating to an entirevessel or their exterior parts and componentsunless one of the following methods is properlyused:a. Hand application methodsb. High-Volume, Low-Pressure (HVLP)applicationc. Any other coating application method whichhas been demonstrated to be capable of achievinga transfer efficiency of at least 65 percent.2. No person shall use ROC-containing materialswhich have more than 200 grams of ROC perliter of material for surface preparation.South Coast AirQualityManagementDistrict(SCAQMD)RULE 1106.1 --PLEASURECRAFTCOATINGOPERATIONSApplies to all coating operationsof pleasure craft, or their parts andcomponents, for the purpose ofrefinishing, repairing,modification, or manufacturingsuch craft. Also applies toestablishments engaged inactivities described in the UnitedStates Office of Management andBudget's 1987 Standard IndustrialClassification Manual, underStandard Industrial Classification(SIC) codes 3732 - Boat Buildingand Repairing and 4493 -Marinas.VOC limits listed below in g/L:1. TopcoatsExtreme High Gloss - 490High Gloss - 4202. AntifoulantAluminum Substrate - 560Other Substrates - 3303. ExteriorsPretreatment Wash Primers - 780Finish Primer/Surfacer - 420High Build Primer Surfacer - 340Teak Primer - 775Others - 4201. Solvent cleaning of coating applicationequipment, parts, products, tools, machinery,equipment, and general work areas, and thestorage and disposal of VOC-containingmaterials used in solvent cleaning operations,shall be carried out in accordance with Rule 1171(Solvent Cleaning Operations).2. A person shall not apply pleasure craftcoatings subject to the requirements of this rulewith a coating containing carbon tetrachloride orany of the Group II exempt compounds asdefined in paragraph (b)(4) except for: methylenechloride; perchloroethylene; cyclic, branched, orlinear, completely methylated siloxanes (VMS);or parachlorobenzotrifluoride (PCBTF).E-4San Diego CountyAir PollutionControl District(SDCAPCD)RULE 67.18 -MARINECOATINGOPERATIONSApplies to marine coatingoperations including the coatingof marine and fresh water vessels,oil drilling platforms, navigationalaids and component parts; andstructures intended for exposureto a marine environment.Air-Dried VOC limits listed below in g/L, followedbybaked VOC limits in g/L in parenthases whereapplicable.Air Flask - 340Antenna Coating - 340Antifoulant Coating (except for pleasure craft) - 400Antifoulant Coating (for pleasure craft) - 330 (EffectiveJune 13, 1995)Finish Primer 600Heat Resistant Coating - 420 (360)High Gloss Coating - 420 (360)High Solids Epoxy Coating - 280High Temperature Coating - 500Impregnating Sealer - 700Inorganic Zinc Coating - 340Low Activation Interior Coating - 420Mist Coating - 610Navigational Aids Speciality Coating - 550Organic Zinc Coating - 340Pleasure Craft Topcoat - 650Preconstruction Zinc Primer - 650Pretreatment Wash Primer - 420Primer Surfacer - 340Radar Exterior Topcoat - 340Sealing Coat for Thermal Spray Aluminum - 610Special Marking Coating - 420Specialty Interior Coating - 340Tack Coat - 610Thermoplastic Coatings used in a Repair andMaintenance Coating Operation - 550In lieu of complying with provisions ofSubsections (d)(1), (d)(2), (d)(3), and/or (d)(4) ofthis rule, a person may use an air pollutioncontrol system which:(i) has been installed in accordance with anAuthority to Construct; and(ii) includes an emission collection system whichcaptures organic gaseous emissions, includingemissions associated with applicable coating,equipment cleaning, and surface preparationoperations, and transports the captured emissionsto an air pollution control device; and(iii) has a combined emissions capture andcontrol device efficiency of at least 85 percent byweight.E-5Antelope ValleyAir QualityManagementDistrict(AVAQMD)RULE 1106.1 --PLEASURECRAFTCOATINGOPERATIONSApplies to all coating operationsof pleasure craft, or their parts andcomponents, for the purpose ofrefinishing, repairing,modification, or manufacturingsuch craft. This rule shall alsoapply to establishments engagedin activities described in theUnited States Office ofManagement and Budget's 1987Standard Industrial ClassificationManual, under Standard IndustrialClassification (SIC) codes 3732 -Boat Building and Repairing and4493 - Marinas.VOC limits listed below in g/L:1. TopcoatsExtreme High Gloss - 490High Gloss - 4202. AntifoulantAluminum Substrate - 560Other Substrates - 1503. ExteriorsPretreatment Wash Primers - 780Finish Primer/Surfacer - 420High Build Primer Surfacer - 340Teak Primer - 775Others - 420A person shall not apply coatings subject to thisrule unless the coating is applied by use of one ofthe following methods:(i) Hand Application Methods, or(ii) High Volume, Low Pressure (HVLP) Spray,or(iii) such other alternative spray applicationmethod as is demonstrated, in accordance withthe provisions of paragraph (e)(2), to be capableof achieving equivalent or better transferefficiency than the application method listed insubparagraph (c)(2)(B), and for which writtenapproval of the District's Executive Officer hasbeen obtained to use this method.HAppendix FSummary of State and Local Requirements for CoatingApplication EquipmentStateCounty/AreaRequirementApplies ToRequirementAZ Maricopa County Application methods forsurface coatingsA person shall employ one of the following for allapplications of surface coating containing more than 2 pounds ofVOC per gallon (240 g/L) minus exempt compounds:302.1 A low pressure spray gun; or302.2 An electrostatic system; or302.3 A system that atomizes principally by hydraulic pressure, including “airless” and “air assistedairless”; or302.4 Non-atomizing or non-spraying application methods, such as but not limited to dipping, rolling,or brushing; or302.5 Any method which is approved by the Administrator of the Federal EPA and the Control Officer ashaving atransfer efficiency of 65% or greater.CA Antelope ValleyAQMDA person shall not apply VOC-containing coatings to metal parts and products subject to the provisions of this ruleunless the coating is applied with properly operating equipment according to an operating procedure specified by theequipment manufacturer or the Executive Officer, ordesignee, and by the use of one of the following methods:(A) Electrostatic attraction, or(B) Flow coat, or(C) Dip coat, or(D) Roll coater, or(E) High-Volume, Low-Pressure (HVLP) Spray, or(F) Hand Application Methods, or(G) Such other coating application methods as are demonstrated to the Executive Officer, or designee,using EPAapproved procedures, specified in paragraph (f)(4)of this rule, to be capable of achieving at least 65 percent transferefficiency and for which written approval of the Executive Officer, or designee, has been obtained.CA Bay Area AQMD Surface Preparation andCoating of Plastic Partsand Products, SprayApplication EquipmentAny person who uses spray application equipment toapply coatings to miscellaneous metal parts or products withinthe District shall use one or more of the followinghigh transfer efficiency application methods, unless emissions tothe atmosphere are controlled by an approved emission control system with an overall abatement efficiency of atleast 85 percent:1. High-Volume, Low-Pressure (HVLP) Spray, operated in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations; or2. Electrostatic spray, operated in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations; or3. Detailing gun; or4. Any other coating spray application that achieves an equivalent transfer efficiency compared to the sprayapplication methods listed above. Prior written approval from the APCO shall be obtained for each alternativemethod used.CA Kern CountyAQMDApplication Equipment No person shall coat any metal part or product subject to provisions of this Rule unless one of the following methodsis used:1. Brush, dip, or roll coating conducted in accordance with equipment manufacturer's recommendations,2. Electrostatic or electrodeposition applicationconducted in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations,3. High Volume Low Pressure (HVLP) spray equipmentoperated in accordance with equipment manufacturer'srecommendations,HAppendix FSummary of State and Local Requirements for CoatingApplication EquipmentStateCounty/AreaRequirementApplies ToRequirement4. Other application method demonstrated to achieve at least 65% transfer efficiency, for example, flow orcontinuous coating.CA Mojave DesertAQMDMetal Parts & ProductsCoating OperationsA person shall not apply any coatings to Metal Parts and Products subject to the provisions of this Rule, unless thecoating is applied with equipment properly operatedaccording to manufacturer's suggested guidelines,and using oneof the following application methods:(i) Electrostatic attraction; or(ii) High Volume Low Pressure (HVLP) Spray equipment; or(iii) Dip coat; or(iv) Hand Application Methods; or(v) Other coating application methods as are demonstrated to have a Transfer Efficiency at least equalto one of theabove methods, and which are used in such a mannerthat the parameters under which they were tested are permanentfeatures of the method. Prior to their use, such coating applications shall be approved in writing bythe APCO.CA Sacramento MetroAQMDApplication equipment formiscellaneous metal partsor product coatingsA person shall not apply to any miscellaneous metalpart or product any coating unless one of the followingapplication methods is used:1. Roll Coater2. Dip Coat3. Electrostatic Spray4. Flow Coat5. High-Volume Low-Pressure (HVLP) Application Equipment6. Low-Volume Low-Pressure (LVLP) Application Equipment7. Hand Application Equipment, such as brush or roller9. Any other equivalent method which has been approved in writing by the Air Pollution Control Officer and theU.S. Environmental Protection AgencyCA San Diego AQMD Application equipment formiscellaneous metal partsor product coatingsNo coatings shall be applied unless one of the following application methods is used:1. Electrostatic spray application, or2. Flow coat application, or3. Dip coat application, or4. High-volume low-pressure (HVLP) spray application, or5. Roll coat, or6. Hand application methods, or7. Other coating application methods that are demonstrated to have a transfer efficiency at least equal to one of theabove application methods, and which are used in such a manner that the parameters under which they were testedare permanent features of the method. Such coatingapplication methods shall be approved in writing prior to use bythe Air Pollution Control Officer.CA San Joaquin ValleyAQMDApplication equipment formiscellaneous metal partsor product coatingsAn operator shall not use or operate any coating application equipment on any metal parts and productssubject to theprovisions of this rule unless one of the followingmethods is used:1. Electrostatic application;2. Electrodeposition;HAppendix FSummary of State and Local Requirements for CoatingApplication EquipmentStateCounty/AreaRequirementApplies ToRequirement3. High-Volume, Low-Pressure (HVLP) spray,1. High-Volume, Low-Pressure (HVLP) spray equipment shall be operated in accordance with themanufacturer's recommendations.2. For HVLP spray guns manufactured prior to January 1, 1996, the end user shall demonstrate that thegunmeets HVLP spray equipment standards. Satisfactoryproof will be either in the form of manufacturer'spublished technical material or by a demonstrationusing a certified air pressure tip gauge, measuringthe airatomizing pressure dynamically at the center of theair cap and at the air horns.3. A person shall not sell or offer for sale for use within the District any HVLP spray gun without apermanent marking denoting the maximum inlet air pressure in psig at which the gun will operate withintheparameters specified in Section 3.0.4. Flow coating;5. Roll coating;6. Dip coating;7. Brush coating; or8. Continuous coating;9. Any other coating application method which is demonstrated to the APCO to be capable of achievingat least 65percent transfer efficiency. The transfer efficiency shall be determined in accordance with the SCAQMD method“Spray Equipment Transfer Efficiency Test Procedurefor Equipment User,” May 24, 1989, as contained inSection6.3.8. Prior written approval from the APCO shallbe obtained for each coating application method tobe usedpursuant to Section 5.7.9.10. In lieu of compliance with 1 through 9, an operator may control emissions from application equipment with aVOC emission control system that meets the requirements of Section 5.4.CA South CoastAQMDApplication equipment formiscellaneous metal partsor product coatingsA person shall not apply VOC-containing coatings tometal parts and products subject to the provisionsof this ruleunless the coating is applied with equipment operated according to the equipment manufacturer specifications, and bythe use of one of the following methods:(A) Electrostatic application, or(B) Flow coat, or(C) Dip coat, or(D) Roll coat, or(E) High-Volume, Low-Pressure (HVLP) Spray, or(F) Hand Application Methods, or(G) Such other coating application methods as are demonstrated to the Executive Officer to be capableof achieving atransfer efficiency equivalent or better to the method listed in subparagraph (c)(1)(E) and for whichwritten approvalof the Executive Officer has been obtained.CA South CoastAQMDApplication equipment forplastic, rubber, leather andglass coatingsA person shall not apply coatings unless the coating is applied with equipment operated according to themanufacturer's specifications, and by the use of one of the following methods:(A) Electrostatic application; or(B) Flow coater; orHAppendix FSummary of State and Local Requirements for CoatingApplication EquipmentStateCounty/AreaRequirementApplies ToRequirement(C) Roll coater; or(D) Dip coater; or(E) Hand application methods; or(F) High-volume, low-pressure (HVLP) spray; or(G) Such other coating application methods as are demonstrated to the Executive Officer to be capableof achievingat least equivalent or better transfer efficiency to the method listed in subparagraph (c)(4)(F), using District approvedprocedures and for which written approval of the Executive Officer has been obtained.MA Statewide Paint Spray Booths Spray guns shall utilize one of the following methods of spray application and be maintained and operated inaccordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer:1. Electrostatic spray application; or2. High Volume Low Pressure (HVLP) spray application; or3. Any other coating application method that achieves a transfer efficiency equivalent to electrostatic or HVLP sprayapplication and is approved by the Department in writing.NH Statewide Plastic parts coatingoperations, except touch-up and repair activities.One of the following control techniques shall be used:(1) High volume-low pressure (HVLP) spray;(2) Electrostatic spray;(3) Zinc-arc spray;(4) Air-assisted airless spray;(5) Airless spray; or(6) A flow coating technique.

# HAppendix G

Summary of State and Local Requirements for VOC Emi ssions from Cleaning
Operations

State County/Area Requirement
Applies To Requirement

CA Antelope
Valley

AQMD Product

Cleaning
During
Manufacturing

Process Or

Surface
Preparation For
Coating,

Adhesive, Or

Ink
Application;
Cleaning of
Coatings, or

Adhesives
Application
Equipment Product Cleaning During Manufacturing Process Or Su rface

Preparation For Coating, Adhesive, Or Ink Applicati on: General: 70 g/l (0.58 lb/gal)

Cleaning of Coatings, or Adhesives Application Equi pment: 950 g/l (7.9 lb/gal), and 35 mm Hg @ 20oC (68oF) VO C
Composite Partial Pressure

A person may comply with by using air pollution con trol
equipment, provided that the VOC emissions from suc h
operations or materials are reduced in accordance w ith the
provisions below:

(A) The control device shall reduce VOC emissions f rom an emission collection system by at least 95 percent, by weight, or
the concentration of VOC in the output of the air p ollution

control device shall be less than 50 PPM calculated as carbon

with no dilution.

(B) The owner/operator demonstrates that the system collects at
least 90 percent, by weight, of the VOC emissions g enerated by

the sources of emissions.

CA Bay Area

AQMD Solvent

Evaporative

Loss

Minimization Unless emissions to the atmosphere are controlled b y an

approved emission control system with an overall ab atement efficiency of at least 85%, any person using organi c solvent for
surface preparation and cleanup or any person mixin g, using or
disposing of coatings containing organic solvent:

1. Shall use closed containers for the storage or disposal of
cloth or paper used for solvent surface preparation and cleanup.

2. Shall not use organic solvent for the cleanup o f spray
equipment including paint lines with a VOC content in excess
of 50 g/l (0.42 lbs/gal) unless either

(i) the solvent is pressurized though spray equip ment with the
atomizing air off or dispensed from a small non-ato mizing

container, and collected and stored in a closed con tainer until
recycled or properly disposed of offsite, or

(ii) a spray gun washer subject to and in complia nce with the
requirements of Regulation 8, Rule 16 [Solvent clea ning
operations] is used.

3. Shall close containers of coating, catalyst or solvent when

not in use.

CA Kern AQMD Surface

Preparation and
Equipment
Cleanup No person shall conduct surface preparation or equi pment

cleanup for activities subject to provisions of thi s rule unless the
following VOC limits are met and methods are used:

1. Surface Cleaning: No material shall be used co ntaining
VOC in excess of 200 grams per liter (1.7 lb/gal) o f material to
remove dirt, oils, or other contaminants prior to a pplication of
surface coatings or adhesives.

# HAppendix G

Summary of State and Local Requirements for VOC Emi ssions from Cleaning
Operations

State County/Area Requirement

Applies To Requirement

2. Stripping: No material shall be used containin g VOC in
excess of 200 grams per liter (1.7 lb/gal) of mater ial to strip any
coating.

3. Cleaning of Coatings Application Equipment:

Solvents used for cleaning of coatings application equipment
shall comply with both limits specified below:

a. Solvent shall have a VOC content of 950 grams o r less per
liter (7.9 lb/gal) of material; and

b. Solvent shall have a VOC composite partial pres sure of 35
mm Hg or less at 20°C (68°F).

CA Mojave

Desert

AQMD The

requirements of

this Section
shall apply to

any person using solvent

for Surface
Preparation,
cleanup, and
paint removal,
including paint

spray equipment. A person shall not use VOC-containing materials for the
cleanup of application equipment used in coating op erations,

unless such material is collected in a closed conta iner when not

in use; and

(i) The application equipment is disassembled and c leaned in an
enclosed system during the washing, rinsing and dra ining

processes; or
(ii) The application equipment or equipment parts a re cleaned in
a container which is open only when being accessed for adding,
cleaning, or removing application equipment or when cleaning
material is being added, provided the cleaned equip ment or equipment parts are drained to the container until dripping

ceases; or
(iii) Other application equipment cleaning methods that are
demonstrated to be as effective as the equipment de scribed
above in minimizing emissions of VOC to the atmosph ere are used, provided that the device has been approved in writing
prior to use by the APCO.

(c) A person shall not use VOC-containing materials for Surface
Preparation unless:

(i) The material contains 200 grams or less of VOC per liter of
material (1.67 pounds per gallon); or

(ii) The material has an initial boiling point of 1 90 o 

# C (374 o 

# F) or

greater; or

(iii) The material has a total VOC vapor pressure o f 20 mm Hg

or less, at 20 o 

# C (68 o 

# F).

(d) A person shall use closed, nonabsorbent contain ers for the
storage or disposal of cloth, paper, or any other a bsorbent
material used for solvent Surface Preparation and c leanup.

CA Northern

Sierra

AQMD Surface

Preparation and
Equipment
Cleanup;
CleaningDevices and No person shall conduct surface preparation or equi pment

cleanup for activities unless the following VOC lim its are met

and methods are used:

1. Surface Cleaning: No material shall be used con taining VOC
in excess of 200 grams per liter (1.7 lb/gal) of ma terial to
remove dirt, oils, or other contaminants prior to a pplication of

# HAppendix G

Summary of State and Local Requirements for VOC Emi ssions from Cleaning
Operations

State County/Area Requirement

Applies To Requirement

Methods surface coatings or adhesives.

2. Stripping: No material shall be used containing VOC in
excess of 200 grams per liter (1.7 lb/gal) of mater ial to strip any
coating.

3. Cleaning of Coatings Application Equipment: Sol vents used
for cleaning of coatings application equipment shal l comply
with both limits specified below:

a. Solvent shall have a VOC content of 950 grams o r less per
liter (7.9 lb/gal) of material; and

b. Solvent shall have a VOC composite partial pres sure of 35
mm Hg or less at 20°C (68°F).

No person shall perform solvent cleaning operations unless one
of the following cleaning devices or methods is use d:

a. Wipe Cleaning.

b. Spray bottles or containers with a maximum capa city of 16
fluid ounces from which solvents are applied withou t a propellant induced force.

c. Cleaning equipment having a closed solvent cont ainer during
cleaning operations, except when depositing and rem oving
objects to be cleaned, and closed during nonoperati on except during maintenance and repair of the cleaning equip ment itself.

d. Remote reservoir cold cleaner operated in confo rmance with

Rule 410.3;

e. System totally enclosing guns, cups, nozzles, b owls, and
other parts during washing, rinsing, and draining p rocedures.

f. Non-atomized solvent flow method collecting cle aning
solvent in a container or a collection system close d except for
solvent collection openings and, if necessary, open ings to avoid
excessive pressure build-up inside the container.

g. Solvent flushing method discharging solvent int o a closed
container, except for solvent collection openings a nd, if
necessary, openings to avoid excessive pressure bui ld-up inside
the container. Discharged solvent from such equipm ent shall be
collected in containers without atomizing into open air. Solvent
may be flushed through the system by air or hydraul ic pressure,
or by pumping.

3.5 Storage and Disposal Requirements

Regardless of VOC content, all VOC-containing mater ials used
in solvent cleaning operations, such as solvents, a nd cloth and
paper moistened with solvents, shall be stored in n on-absorbent,
non-leaking containers kept closed at all times exc ept when
filling or emptying.

CA Sacramento

Metro

AQMD Surface

Preparation,
Cleanup, and Any person subject to this rule shall comply with t he following

requirements:

1. Closed containers shall be used for the disposa l of cloth,

# HAppendix G

Summary of State and Local Requirements for VOC Emi ssions from Cleaning
Operations

State County/Area Requirement

Applies To Requirement

Storage paper, or sponges used for surface preparat ion, cleanup, and

coating removal.

2. VOC-containing materials shall be stored in con tainers,
which are closed when not in use, and shall be disp osed of in a
manner that the VOC are not emitted into the atmosp here.

3. Except for electrostatic spray guns, a person s hall not use
VOC-containing materials for the cleanup of applica tion
equipment used in miscellaneous metal parts and pro ducts
coating operations, unless the equipment is cleaned in an
enclosed gun cleaner, or the VOC content of the mat erial used
does not exceed 72 grams per liter (0.6 pounds per gallon).

4. Spray gun nozzles only, may be soaked in solven t-based
materials for cleaning, provided the container (not to exceed
five (5) gallons in size) is kept tightly covered a t all times
except when accessing the container.

5. Effective October 1, 1998, a person shall not p erform
product cleaning or surface preparation with a mate rial
containing VOC in excess of 72 grams per liter (0.6 pounds per
gallon).

CA San Diego

AQMD Surface

Preparation and
Cleanup

Solvents;
Cleaning of
Application
Equipment A person shall not use VOC-containing materials for surface
preparation or cleanup unless:

(i) The material contains 200 grams or less of VOC per liter of

material; or

(ii) The material has an initial boiling point of 1 90°C (374° F)

or greater; or

(iii) The material has a total VOC vapor pressure o f 20 mm Hg
or less, at 20°C (68°F).

A person shall not use VOC containing materials for the
cleaning of application equipment used in operation s subject to

this rule unless:

(i) The cleaning material contains 200 grams or les s of VOC per

liter of material; or

(ii) The cleaning material has an initial boiling p oint of 190°C
(374°F) or greater; or

(iii) The cleaning material has a total VOC vapor p ressure of 20
mm Hg or less, at 20°C (68°F); or

(iv) The cleaning material is flushed or rinsed thr ough the
application equipment in a contained manner that wi ll minimize
evaporation into the atmosphere; or

(v) The application equipment or equipment parts ar e cleaned in
a container which is open only when being accessed for adding,
cleaning, or removing application equipment or when cleaning
material is being added, provided the cleaned equip ment or equipment parts are drained to the container until dripping

ceases; or

# HAppendix G

Summary of State and Local Requirements for VOC Emi ssions from Cleaning
Operations

State County/Area Requirement

Applies To Requirement

(vi) A system is used that totally encloses the com ponent parts being cleaned during the washing, rinsing, and drai ning

processes; or
(vii) Other application equipment cleaning methods that are
demonstrated to be as effective as any of the equip ment described above in minimizing the emissions of VOC to the
atmosphere, provided that the device has been teste d and
approved prior to use by the Air Pollution Control Officer.

CA San Joaquin
Valley

AQMD Product Cleaning During Manufacturing Process or S urface
Preparation for Coating Application: 50 g/l (0.42 l b/gal)

After 9/21/08: 25 g/l (0.21 lb/gal)

Cleaning of Coating Application Equipment: 550 g/l (4.6 lb/gal)

After 9/21/08: 25 g/l (0.21 lb/gal)

CA San Luis
Obispo

AQMD Solvent

Disposal and
clean-up a. Surface Preparation, Clean-up or Coating Rem oval: Closed

containers approved by the local fire agency shall be used for
the storage or disposal of solvent-containing cloth or paper used
for surface preparation, clean-up or coating remova l.

Containers shall be nonabsorbent.
b. All VOC containing materials, including but not limited to
fresh or spent solvent, coatings, and reducers, sha ll be kept in

closed containers when not in use.
c. Spray Equipment Clean-up Limitation: No per son shall
use materials containing VOCs for spray equipment c leanup

unless:

-An enclosed gun washer is properly used for cleani ng,

or
-A gun washer, approved by the APCO, is properly
used for cleaning and the composite vapor pressure of
materials used is less than 45 mm Hg (0.87 psi) at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius (68 F o 

# ).

d. Disposal and Evaporation of Solvents: No pers on shall
dispose of a total of more than one (1) quart per d ay of any
organic solvent by means which will permit the evap oration of
such solvent into the atmosphere. The volume of or ganic
solvent in any disposed material containing organic solvent

shall be included in the above total.

CA Santa

Barbara All reactive organic compounds-containing material s, used or
unused, including but not limited to surface coatin gs, thinners,
cleanup solvents, or surface preparation materials shall be stored
in closed containers and opened only during extract ion or
introduction of material for mixing, use or storage

. CA South Coast

AQMD Product Cleaning During Manufacturing Process Or S urface
Preparation For Coating, Adhesive, Or Ink Applicati on General
25 g/l (0.21 lb/gal)

Cleaning of Coatings, or Adhesives Application Equi pment :

# HAppendix G

Summary of State and Local Requirements for VOC Emi ssions from Cleaning
Operations

State County/Area Requirement

Applies To Requirement

25 g/l (0.21 lb/gal)

Cleaning Devices and Methods Requirements

A person shall not perform solvent cleaning unless one of the
following cleaning devices or methods is used:

(A) Wipe cleaning;

(B) Closed containers or hand held spray bottles fr om which
solvents are applied without a propellant-induced f orce;
(C) Cleaning equipment which has a solvent containe r that can
be, and is closed during cleaning operations, excep t when
depositing and removing objects to be cleaned, and is closed
during non-operation with the exception of maintena nce and
repair to the cleaning equipment itself;

(D) Cleaning device which is listed in the Office o f Operations'
manual "Alternative Devices for Rule 1171 Complianc e" dated
July 1, 1991. The Executive Officer shall periodic ally update
the manual to identify any additional cleaning devi ces determined by the Executive Officer to result in eq uivalent or

lower emissions;

(E) Remote reservoir cleaner used pursuant to the p rovisions of

paragraph (c)(3);

(F) Non-atomized solvent flow method where the clea ning

solvent is collected in a container or a collection system which
is closed except for solvent collection openings an d, if
necessary, openings to avoid excessive pressure bui ld-up inside

the container; or

(G) Solvent flushing method where the cleaning solv ent is
discharged into a container which is closed except for solvent
collection openings and, if necessary, openings to avoid
excessive pressure build-up inside the container. The
discharged solvent from the equipment must be colle cted into
containers without atomizing into the open air. Th e solvent may
be flushed through the system by air or hydraulic p ressure, or by
pumping.

CA Ventura

AQMD Surface

Preparation and
Clean-up No person shall use any material which contains mor e than 70

grams of ROC per liter of material for substrate su rface
cleaning. Substrate surface cleaning performed in a vapor degreaser shall not be subject to this ROC content limit.

No person shall use organic solvent for cleanup unl ess:
-An enclosed gun washer or "low emission spray gun cleaner"
that has been approved in writing by the APCO is pr operly used
for spray equipment cleaning, and

The ROC composite partial pressure of organic solve nt used for
cleanup, including spray equipment cleaning, is les s than 45 mm

Hg at 20 oC.

CO Fugitive 1. Control techniques and work practi ces shall be implemented

# HAppendix G

Summary of State and Local Requirements for VOC Emi ssions from Cleaning
Operations

State County/Area Requirement

Applies To Requirement

emission

control at all times to reduce VOC emissions from fugitive sources.

Control techniques and work practices include, but are not

limited to:

a. tight-fitting covers for open tanks;

b. covered containers for solvent wiping cloths;

c. proper disposal of dirty cleanup solvent.

2. Emissions of organic material released during c lean-up
operations, disposal, and other fugitive emissions shall be
included when determining total emissions, unless t he source
owner or operator documents that the VOCs are colle cted and
disposed of in a manner that prevents evaporation t o the
atmosphere.

FL All volatile organic compound emissions from s olvent washings

shall be considered in the emission limitations unl ess the solvent
is directed into containers that prevent evaporatio n into the
atmosphere.

GA All VOC emissions from solvent washings shall be considered

in the emission limitations unless the solvent is d irected into
containers that prevent evaporation into the atmosp here.

IN Solvent sprayed from application equipment dur ing cleanup or
color changes shall be directed into containers. S uch containers
shall be closed as soon as such solvent spraying is complete,
and the waste solvent shall be disposed of in such a manner that
evaporation is minimized.

ME Handling,

Storage and
Disposal of

Materials
Containing

VOC at any
subject surface
coating facility A. Vapor-tight containers shall be used for the st orage of spent

or fresh VOC and for the storage or disposal of clo th or paper
impregnated with VOC that are used for surface prep aration,
clean up or coating removal.

B. The use of VOC is prohibited for cleanup operat ions unless
equipment is used to collect the cleaning compounds and to
minimize their evaporation to the atmosphere. The owner or operator of a surface coating unit, line or operati on subject to
this Chapter shall comply with the following work p ractice

standards:

(1) Spray gun cleaning. The owner or operator of a surface
coating unit, line or operation subject to this Cha pter shall
collect all organic solvent used to clean spray gun s into a
normally closed container.

(2) Line cleaning. The owner or operator of a surf ace coating
unit, line or operation subject to this Chapter sha ll pump or
drain all organic solvent used for line cleaning in to a normally

closed container.

(3) Spray booth cleaning. The owner or operator of a surface
coating unit, line or operation subject to this Cha pter shall not
use compounds containing more than 8.0 percent by w eight of

# HAppendix G

Summary of State and Local Requirements for VOC Emi ssions from Cleaning
Operations

State County/Area Requirement

Applies To Requirement

VOC for cleaning spray booth components other than
conveyers, continuous coaters and their enclosures, and/or metal
filters, unless the spray booth is being refurbishe d. If the spray
booth is being refurbished, that is, the spray boot h coating or
other material used to cover the booth is being rep laced, the
affected source shall use no more than 1.0 gallon o f organic
solvent to prepare the booth prior to applying the booth coating.

(4) Washoff operations. The owner or operator of a surface
coating unit, line or operation subject to this Cha pter shall
control emissions from washoff operations by:

(a) Using normally closed tanks for washoff; and

(b) Minimizing dripping by tilting or rotating the part to drain as
much organic solvent as possible.

MA For surface preparation, prior to coating, the VOC content of
any surface preparation solution shall not exceed 1 .67 pounds
per gallon. This requirement is not applicable to cleanup

solutions which are re-used as thinners/reducers fo r coatings.
However, for surface preparation of plastic parts t he VOC
content of the surface preparation solution shall n ot exceed 6.5
pounds of VOC per gallon.

Spray guns shall be cleaned in a device that:

1. minimizes solvent evaporation during the cleani ng, rinsing,
and draining operations;

2. recirculates solvent during the cleaning operat ion so that the

solvent is reused; and,

3. collects spent solvent in a container with a ti ght-fitting cover
so that it is available for proper disposal or recy cling.

NH Miscellaneous

Metal Parts

Surface
Coating

emission limits All VOC emissions from solvent washing shall be con sidered in

the emission limitations unless the solvent is dire cted into
containers that prevent evaporation into the atmosp here.

NY Statewide Handling,

storage and
disposal of
volatile organic
compounds. Within the work area(s) associated with a coating l ine, the

owner or operator of a facility subject to this Par t must:

(a) use closed, non-leaking containers to store or dispose of
cloth or other absorbent applicators impregnated wi th VOC
solvents that are used for surface preparation, cle anup or coating

removal;

(b) store in closed, non-leaking containers spent o r fresh VOC
solvents to be used for surface preparation, cleanu p or coating

removal;

(c) not use VOC solvents to cleanup spray equipment unless
equipment is used to collect the cleaning compounds and to
minimize VOC evaporation;

1. an enclosed spray gun cleaning system that is k ept

# HAppendix G

Summary of State and Local Requirements for VOC Emi ssions from Cleaning
Operations

State County/Area Requirement

Applies To Requirement

closed when not in use;

2. non-atomized discharge of VOC solvent into a pa int
waste container that is kept closed when not in use ;
3. disassembling and cleaning of the spray gun in a vat that is kept closed when not in use; or

4. atomized spray into a paint waste container tha t is fitted
with a device designed to capture atomized VOC solv ent

emissions.

(d) not use open containers to store or dispense su rface coatings
and/or inks unless production, sampling, maintenanc e or inspection procedures require operational access. This
provision does not apply to the actual device or eq uipment
designed for the purpose of applying a coating mate rial to a
substrate. These devices may include, but are not limited to:
spray guns, flow coaters, dip tanks, rollers, knife coaters, and

extrusion coaters;

(e) not use open containers to store or dispose of spent surface
coatings, or spent VOC solvents;

(f) minimize spills during the handling and transfe r of coatings

and VOC solvents;

OK VOCcontaining

materials used
for clean up on

miscellaneous
metal parts
surface coating

facilities with a
potential to

emit more than

10 tons per
year of VOC
from coating
operations. VOC-containing materials used for clean up shall be considered

in the VOC content limits for miscellaneous metal p arts surface
coating unless:

1. the VOC containing materials are maintained in a closed

container when not in use;

2. closed containers are used for the disposal of cloth or paper
or other materials used for surface preparation and cleanup;

3. the spray equipment is disassembled and cleaned in a VOC

vat and the vat is closed when not in use; or,

4. the VOC containing materials used for the clean up of spray
equipment are sprayed directly into closed containe rs.

TX Brazoria,

Chambers,

Collin,

Dallas,

Denton, El

Paso, Ellis,

Fort Bend,

Galveston,

Gregg,

Hardin,

Harris,

Jefferson, Equipment

cleaning

related

miscellaneous
metal parts and
products
surface coating
operations. All VOC emissions from non-exempt solvent washings shall be

included in determination of compliance with the em ission
limitations for miscellaneous metal parts surface c oating (TAC
§115.421) unless the solvent is directed into conta iners that
prevent evaporation into the atmosphere.

# HAppendix G

Summary of State and Local Requirements for VOC Emi ssions from Cleaning
Operations

State County/Area Requirement

Applies To Requirement

Johnson,

Kaufman,
Liberty,

Montgomery,

Nueces,
Orange,

Parker,

Rockwall,

Tarrant,

Victoria, and

Waller

Counties.

WA Equipment

cleaning

related

miscellaneous
metal parts and
products
surface coating
operations. All VOC emissions from solvent washings shall be co nsidered

in the emission limitations for miscellaneous metal parts surface
coating (WAC 173-490-205 (2)(a) unless the solvent is directed
into containers that prevent evaporation into the a tmosphere.

Waste solvent shall be stored in covered containers and returned
to the supplier or to a firm which processes solven ts for
disposal.

# HAppendix H

Recommended Coating Category Definitions

# HRecommended Coating Category Definitions and Relate d Definitions for Metal and
Plastic Part Surface Coating:
Separate definitions are recommended for automotive /transportation and business
machine plastic parts coating, pleasure craft coati ng, and for motor vehicle

materials.
If a coating does not meet a specific coating categ ory definition, then it can be
assumed to be a general use coating and the VOC lim it for “general coating” or

“other coating” is recommended to apply.

AIR-DRIED coating means a coating that is cured at a temperature below 90°C (194°F).

BAKED COATING means a coating that is cured at a te mperature at or above 90°C
(194°F).

CAMOUFLAGE COATING means a coating used, principall y by the military, to
conceal equipment from detection.

CLEAR COATING means a colorless coating which conta ins binders, but no pigment,
and is formulated to form a transparent film.

DRUM means any cylindrical metal shipping container larger than 12 gallons capacity
but no larger than 110 gallons capacity.

ELECTRIC DISSIPATING COATING means a coating that r apidly dissipates a highvoltage electric charge.

ELECTRIC-INSULATING VARNISH means a non-convertible -type coating applied to
electric motors, components of electric motors, or power transformers, to provide
electrical, mechanical, and environmental protectio n or resistance.

EMI/RFI SHIELDING means a coating used on electrica l or electronic equipment to
provide shielding against electromagnetic interfere nce, radio frequency interference, or
static discharge.

ETCHING FILLER means a coating that contains less t han 23 percent solids by weight
and at least 1/2-percent acid by weight, and is use d instead of applying a pretreatment
coating followed by a primer.

EXTREME HIGH-GLOSS COATING means a coating which, w hen tested by the
American Society for Testing Material Test Method D -523 adopted in

1980, shows a reflectance of 75 or more on a 60° me ter.

EXTREME-PERFORMANCE COATING means a coating used on a metal or plastic

surface where the coated surface is, in its intende d use, subject to the following:
(A) Chronic exposure to corrosive, caustic or acidi c agents, chemicals, chemical fumes,

chemical mixtures or solutions; or

# H-

(B) Repeated exposure to temperatures in excess of 250° F; or
(C) Repeated heavy abrasion, including mechanical w ear and repeated scrubbing with
industrial grade solvents, cleansers or scouring ag ents. Extreme performance coatings include, but are not l imited to, coatings applied to
locomotives, railroad cars, farm machinery, and hea vy duty trucks.

HEAT-RESISTANT COATING means a coating that must wi thstand a temperature of at
least 400°F during normal use.

HIGH-PERFORMANCE ARCHITECTURAL COATING means a coat ing used to
protect architectural subsections and which meets t he requirements of the Architectural
Aluminum Manufacturer Association's publication num ber AAMA 2604-05 (Voluntary
Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Pr ocedures for High Performance
Organic Coatings on Aluminum Extrusions and Panels) or 2605-05 (Voluntary
Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Pr ocedures for Superior Performing
Organic Coatings on Aluminum Extrusions and Panels)

.

HIGH-TEMPERATURE COATING means a coating that is ce rtified to withstand a
temperature of 1000°F for 24 hours.

MASK COATING means thin film coating applied throug h a template to coat a small
portion of a substrate.

METALLIC COATING means a coating which contains mor e than 5 grams of metal
particles per liter of coating as applied. “Metal particles” are pieces of a pure elemental

metal or a combination of elemental metals.

MILITARY SPECIFICATION COATING means a coating whic h has a formulation
approved by a United States Military Agency for use on military equipment.

MOLD SEAL COATING means the initial coating applied to a new mold or a repaired
mold to provide a smooth surface which, when coated with a mold release coating,
prevents products from sticking to the mold.

MULTI-COLORED COATING means a coating which exhibit s more than one color
when applied, and which means packaged in a single container and applied in a single

coat.

MULTI-COMPONENT COATING means a coating requiring t he addition of a separate
reactive resin, commonly known as a catalyst or har dener, before application to form an
acceptable dry film.

ONE-COMPONENT COATING means a coating that is ready for application as it comes
out of its container to form an acceptable dry film . A thinner, necessary to reduce the
viscosity, is not considered a component.

# HOPTICAL COATING means a coating applied to an optic al lens.

PAN-BACKING COATING means a coating applied to the surface of pots, pans, or
other cooking implements that are exposed directly to a flame or other heating elements.

PREFABRICATED ARCHITECTURAL COMPONENT COATINGS are coatings
applied to metal parts and products which are to be used as an architectural structure.

PRETREATMENT COATING means a coating which contains no more than 12 percent
solids by weight, and at least 1/2-percent acid, by weight, is used to provide surface
etching, and is applied directly to metal surfaces to provide corrosion resistance,
adhesion, and ease of stripping.

REPAIR COATING means a coating used to re-coat port ions of a previously coated
product which has sustained mechanical damage to th e coating following normal coating
operations.

SHOCK-FREE COATING means a coating applied to elect rical components to protect
the user from electric shock. The coating has chara cteristics of being of low capacitance
and high resistance, and having resistance to break ing down under high voltage.

SILICONE-RELEASE COATING means any coating which co ntains silicone resin and
is intended to prevent food from sticking to metal surfaces such as baking pans.

SOLAR-ABSORBENT COATING means a coating which has a s its prime purpose the
absorption of solar radiation.

STENCIL COATING means an ink or a pigmented coating which is rolled or brushed
onto a template or stamp in order to add identifyin g letters, symbols and/or numbers.

TOUCH-UP COATING means a coating used to cover mino r coating imperfections
appearing after the main coating operation.

TRANSLUCENT COATING means a coating which contains binders and pigment, and
is formulated to form a colored, but not opaque, fi lm.

TWO-COMPONENT COATING means a coating requiring the addition of a separate
reactive resin, commonly known as a catalyst, befor e application to form an acceptable
dry film.

VACUUM-METALIZING COATING means the undercoat appli ed to the substrate on
which the metal is deposited or the overcoat applie d directly to the metal film. Vacuum
metalizing/physical vapor deposition (PVD) is the p rocess whereby metal is vaporized
and deposited on a substrate in a vacuum chamber.

# HRecommended Coating Category Definitions and Relate d Definitions For
Automotive/Transportation and Business Machine Plas tic Parts Surface Coating:

ADHESION PRIME means a coating that is applied to a polyolefin part to promote the
adhesion of a subsequent coating. An adhesion prime is clearly identified as an adhesion
prime or adhesion promoter on its accompanying mate rial safety data sheet.

AIR-DRIED COATING means a coating that is dried by the use of air or forced warm air
at temperatures up to 90 degrees Celsius (194 degre es Fahrenheit).

BLACK COATING means a coating which meets both of t he following criteria:
(i) Maximum lightness: 23 units.
(ii) Saturation: less than 2.8, where saturation eq uals the square root of A2 + B2.
These criteria are based on Cielab color space, 0/4 5 geometry. For spherical geometry,
specular included, maximum lightness is 33 units.

BUSINESS MACHINE means a device that uses electroni c or mechanical methods to
process information, perform calculations, print or copy information or convert sound
into electrical impulses for transmission, includin g devices listed in standard industrial

classification numbers 3572, 3573, 3574, 3579, and 3661 and photocopy machines, a
subcategory of standard industrial classification n umber 3861.

CLEAR COATING means a coating which lacks color and opacity or is transparent and

which uses the undercoat as a reflectant base or un dertone color.

COATING OF PLASTIC PARTS OF AUTOMOBILES AND TRUCKS means the
coating of any plastic part that is or shall be ass embled with other parts to form an

automobile or truck.

COATING OF PLASTIC PARTS OF BUSINESS MACHINES means the coating of any
plastic part that is or shall be assembled with oth er parts to form a business machine.

ELECTROSTATIC PREP COAT means a coating that is app lied to a plastic part solely
to provide conductivity for the subsequent applicat ion of a prime, a topcoat, or other
coating through the use of electrostatic applicatio n methods. An electrostatic prep coat is
clearly identified as an electrostatic prep coat on its accompanying material safety data

sheet.

FLEXIBLE COATING means any coating that is required to comply with engineering
specifications for impact resistance, mandrel bend, or elongation as defined by the
original equipment manufacturer.

FOG COAT means a coating that is applied to a plast ic part for the purpose of color
matching without masking a molded-in texture. A fog coat shall not be applied at a
thickness of more than 0.5 mils of coating solids.

# HGLOSS REDUCER means a coating that is applied to a plastic part solely to reduce the
shine of the part. A gloss reducer shall not be app lied at a thickness of more than 0.5 mils
of coating solids.

HIGH BAKE coating means a coating which is designed to cure only at temperatures
Of more than 90 degrees Celsius (194 degrees Fahren heit).

RED COATING means a coating which meets all of the following criteria:
(i) Yellow limit: the hue of hostaperm scarlet.
(ii) Blue limit: the hue of monastral red-violet.
(iii) Lightness limit for metallics: 35% aluminum f lake.
(iv) Lightness limit for solids: 50% titanium dioxi de white.
(v) Solid reds: hue angle of -11 to 38 degrees and maximum lightness of 23 to 45 units.
(vi) Metallic reds: hue angle of -16 to 35 degrees and maximum lightness of 28 to 45

units.
These criteria are based on Cielab color space, 0/4 5 geometry. For spherical geometry,
specular included, the upper limit is 49 units. The maximum lightness varies as the hue
moves from violet to orange. This is a natural cons equence of the strength of the

colorants, and real colors show this effect.

RESIST COAT means a coating that is applied to a pl astic part before metallic plating to
prevent deposits of metal on portions of the plasti c part.

STENCIL COAT means a coating that is applied over a stencil to a plastic part at a
thickness of 1 mil or less of coating solids. Stenc il coats are most frequently letters,
numbers, or decorative designs.

TEXTURE COAT means a coating that is applied to a p lastic part which, in its finished
form, consists of discrete raised spots of the coat ing.

VACUUM-METALIZING COATINGS means topcoats and basec oats that are used in
the vacuum-metalizing process.

Recommended Coating Category Definitions and Relate d Definitions for Pleasure
Craft Surface Coating:

ANTIFOULANT COATING means any coating applied to th e underwater portion of a
pleasure craft to prevent or reduce the attachment of biological organisms, and registered
with the United States Environmental Protection Age ncy (EPA) as a pesticide under the
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (7 United States Code Section 136).

CLEAR WOOD FINISHES are clear and semi-transparent topcoats applied to wood
substrates to provide a transparent or translucent film.

# HEXTREME HIGH GLOSS COATING means any coating which achieves at least 95
percent reflectance on a 60o meter when tested by A STM Method D 523-89.

FINISH PRIMER/SURFACER means a coating applied with a wet film thickness of less
then 10 mils prior to the application of a topcoat for purposes of providing corrosion
resistance, adhesion of subsequent coatings, a mois ture barrier, or promotion of a uniform
surface necessary for filling in surface imperfecti ons.

HIGH BUILD PRIMER/SURFACER means a coating applied with a wet film thickness
of 10 mils or more prior to the application of a to pcoat for purposes of providing
corrosion resistance, adhesion of subsequent coatin gs, or a moisture barrier, or promoting
a uniform surface necessary for filling in surface imperfections.

HIGH GLOSS COATING means any coating which achieves at least 85 percent
reflectance on a 60o meter when tested by ASTM D 52 3-89.

PLEASURE CRAFT are vessels which are manufactured o r operated primarily for
recreational purposes, or leased, rented, or charte red to a person or business for
recreational purposes. The owner or operator of suc h vessels shall be responsible for
certifying that the intended use is for recreationa l purposes.

PLEASURE CRAFT COATING means any marine coating, ex cept unsaturated polyester
resin (fiberglass) coatings, applied by brush, spra y, roller, or other means to a pleasure

craft.

PRETREATMENT WASH PRIMER means a coating which cont ains no more than 12
percent solids, by weight, and at least 1/2 percent acids, by weight; is used to provide
surface etching; and is applied directly to fibergl ass and metal surfaces to provide
corrosion resistance and adhesion of subsequent coa tings.

TOPCOAT means any final coating applied to the inte rior or exterior of a pleasure craft.

Recommended Coating Category Definitions and Relate d Definitions for Motor

Materials:

MOTOR VEHICLE BEDLINER means a multi-component coat ing, used at a facility that
is not an automobile or light-duty truck assembly c oating facility, applied to a cargo bed
after the application of topcoat to provide additio nal durability and chip resistance.

MOTOR VEHICLE CAVITY WAX means a coating, used at a facility that is not an
automobile or light-duty truck assembly coating fac ility, applied into the cavities of the
vehicle primarily for the purpose of enhancing corr osion protection.

MOTOR VEHICLE DEADENER means a coating, used at a f acility that is not an
automobile or light-duty truck assembly coating fac ility, applied to selected vehicle

# Hsurfaces primarily for the purpose of reducing the sound of road noise in the passenger

compartment.

MOTOR VEHICLE GASKET/SEALING MATERIAL means a fluid , used at a facility
that is not an automobile or light-duty truck assem bly coating facility, applied to coat a
gasket or replace and perform the same function as a gasket. Automobile and light-duty
truck gasket/gasket sealing material includes room temperature vulcanization (RTV) seal

material.

MOTOR VEHICLE LUBRICATING WAX/COMPOUND means a prot ective
lubricating material, used at a facility that is no t an automobile or light-duty truck
assembly coating facility, applied to vehicle hubs and hinges.

MOTOR VEHICLE SEALER means a high viscosity materia l, used at a facility that is
not an automobile or light-duty truck assembly coat ing facility, generally, but not always,
applied in the paint shop after the body has receiv ed an electrodeposition primer coating
and before the application of subsequent coatings ( e.g., primer-surfacer). The primary
purpose of automobile and light-duty truck sealer i s to fill body joints completely so that
there is no intrusion of water, gases or corrosive materials into the passenger area of the
body compartment. Such materials are also referred to as sealant, sealant primer, or

caulk.

MOTOR VEHICLE TRUNK INTERIOR COATING means a coatin g, used at a facility
that is not an automobile or light-duty truck assem bly coating facility, applied to the
trunk interior to provide chip protection.

MOTOR VEHICLE UNDERBODY COATING means a coating, us ed at a facility that is
not an automobile or light-duty truck assembly coat ing facility, applied to the
undercarriage or firewall to prevent corrosion and/ or provide chip protection.United StatesEnvironmental ProtectionAgencyOffice of Air Quality Planning and StandardsSector Policies and Programs DivisionResearch Triangle Park, NCPublication No.EPA-453/R-08-003September, 2008