### Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions Under the Regional Haze Rule, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-454/B-03-005, September 2003 http://www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg/t1pgm.html http://www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg/t1/memoranda/rh_envcurhr_gd.pdf 

## Tables of natural visibility **conditions from EPA September 2003 Guidance** 

Note: A few Class I areas were added or moved so that all the tables have the same entries.

Notes on Appendix B bext is computed from IMPROVE equation and annual average concentrations, Table 2-1; Ann. Avg. dv is computed from bext: dv = 10*ln(bext/10); Average of Best and Worst 20% of days are estimated as the 10th and 90th percentile (distribution of daily values is about Normal) Best and Worst Days dv is Annual +/- 1.28 standard deviations (s.d. is 2 dv for West, 3 dv for East)] dv_B = dv_A - 1.28sd ; b_B = 10exp((dv_A - 1.28sd)/10) = 10exp(dv_A/10)*exp(-0.128sd) = b_A*exp(-0.128sd) dv_W= dv_A + 1.28sd ; b_W= b_A*exp(0.128sd)



### EPA September 2003 guidance on natural visibility conditions defines concentrations east and west for annual average, and extinction and deciviews for each area for annual average, best 20% of days and worst 20% of days. However, it does not define concentrations for best and worst 20% of days, needed for CALPOST visibility method 2 or 6. The 'B20_W20_concs' sheet estimates these by scaling the annual concentrations by each area's ratio of the best (or worst) extinction to the annual extinction. b_A = 10 + Sum{ f_i * E_i * CA_i } IMPROVE equation sum over species i, using f(RH), Exinction efficiency, and Concentration b_B = 10 + Sum{ f_i * E_i * CB_i } Assuming B20 Concentration CB is in the same proportion to annual concentration CA for all species, CB_i / CA_i = (b_B - 10) / (b_A - 10) This ratio is the basis for estimating the B20 (or W20) concentrations CB, from annual CA.

**old IMPROVE equation, IWA QM 1998 equation, and CA** **LPOST default extinction calculation** bext = 3 * f(RH) * [(NH4

### )2

### SO4

### ] + 3 * f(RH) * [NH4

### NO3

### ] + 4 * [OC] + 1 * [Soil Mass] + 0.6 * [Coarse Mass] + 10 * [EC] + bRay Instead of modeling OC etc. separately, may model total PM, and use mass-weighted average of species' extinction efficiencies (to fit source spec'n profile) OC = 1.4 * measured C

### Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions Under the Regional Haze Rule, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-454/B-03-005, September 2003

Note: A few Class I areas were added or moved so that all the tables have the same entries.

Average of Best and Worst 20% of days are estimated as the 10th and 90th percentile (distribution of daily values is about Normal)

dv_B = dv_A - 1.28sd ; b_B = 10exp((dv_A - 1.28sd)/10) = 10exp(dv_A/10)*exp(-0.128sd) = b_A*exp(-0.128sd)



### EPA September 2003 guidance on natural visibility conditions defines concentrations east and west for annual average, and extinction and deciviews for each area for annual average, best 20% of days and worst 20% of days. However, it does not define concentrations for best and worst 20% of days, needed for CALPOST visibility method 2 or 6.

b_A = 10 + Sum{ f_i * E_i * CA_i } IMPROVE equation sum over species i, using f(RH), Exinction efficiency, and Concentration
Assuming B20 Concentration CB is in the same proportion to annual concentration CA for all species, CB_i / CA_i = (b_B - 10) / (b_A - 10) This ratio is the basis for estimating the B20 (or W20) concentrations CB, from annual CA.

] + 4 * [OC] + 1 * [Soil Mass] + 0.6 * [Coarse Mass] + 10 * [EC] + bRay Instead of modeling OC etc. separately, may model total PM, and use mass-weighted average of species' extinction efficiencies (to fit source spec'n profile)

### Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions Under the Regional Haze Rule, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-454/B-03-005, September 2003 http://www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg/t1pgm.html http://www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg/t1/memoranda/rh_envcurhr_gd.pdf

**Error Factor**  **Dry**

**Extinction Efficiency**  **(m 2** 

### /g) **West (μg/m 3** 

### )**East (μg/m 3** 

### )

Ammonium sulfate (b) 0.12 0.23 2 3 Ammonium nitrate 0.1 0.1 2 3 Organic carbon mass (c) 0.47 1.4 2 4 Elemental carbon 0.02 0.02 2-3 10 Soil 0.5 0.5 11⁄2 - 2 1 Coarse Mass 3 3 11⁄2 - 2 0.6

a: After Trijonis, see footnote 12

Trijonis, J.C., NAPAP State of Science & Technology, Vol. III, 1990. c: Values adjusted to represent chemical species in current IMPROVE light extinction algorithm; Trijonis estimates were 0.5 μg/m3 and 1.5 μg/m3 of organic compounds. **Average Natural Concentration**  **Table 2-1 Average Natural Levels of Aerosol Com ponents (a)** 

b: Values adjusted to represent chemical species in current IMPROVE light extinction algorithm; Trijonis estimates were 0.1 μg/m3 and 0.2 μg/m3 of ammonium bisulfate.

### Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions Under the Regional Haze Rule, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-454/B-03-005, September 2003

changed to reflect new IMPROVE equation

**Error Factor**  **Dry**

**Extinction Efficiency**  **(m 2** 

### /g) **Dry**

**Extinction Efficiency**  **(m 2** 

### /g) **West (μg/m 3** 

### )**East (μg/m 3** 

### ) **small particles**  **large particles**

Ammonium sulfate (b) 0.12 0.23 2 2.2 4.8 Ammonium nitrate 0.1 0.1 2 2.4 5.1 Organic carbon mass (c) 0.60 1.8 2 2.8 6.1 Elemental carbon 0.02 0.02 2-3 10 10 Soil 0.5 0.5 11⁄2 - 2 1 1 Coarse Mass 3 3 11⁄2 - 2 0.6 0.6

**Table 2-1 Average Natural Levels of Aerosol Com ponents (a)** 

**Average Natural Concentration** 

### Sort by name for lookup table WRONG: also need f(RH) for sulfate and nitrate component West (μg/m3)East (μg/m3)extinction efficiency b west Ammoniumnitrate 0.1 0.1 3 15.56 Ammoniumsulfate 0.12 0.23 3 Coarse Mass 3 3 0.6 Elemental carbon 0.02 0.02 10 Organic carbon mass 0.6 1.8 4 Soil 0.5 0.5 1

### WRONG: also need f(RH) for sulfate and nitrate

b east dv west dv east 20.694.4211847.270654

### Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions Under the Regional Haze Program, EPA-454/B-03-005. September 2003. Note: to match list in App. B, added Rainbow Lake, and Zion with pointer to Table A-3

**Table A-2 Recom me** **nded Monthly Site-Specific f(RH) Values for Each Mandatory Federal Class I Area, Based on the Representative IMPROVE Site Location** 

abbr **Class I Area Site Name**  **Map ID Code**  **Site St**  **LAT LONG**  **Jan f(RH)**  acad Acadia Acadia 1ACAD1 ME 44.38 -68.37 3.2 agti Agua Tibia Agua Tibia 100AGTI1 CA 33.38-116.87 2.4 alla Alpine Lakes Snoqualmie Pass 80SNPA1 WA 47.38-121.37 5.3

anac Anaconda - Pintler Sula 71SULA1 MT 45.88-114.12 3.4 anad Ansel Adams Kaiser 110KAIS1 CA 37.13 -119.12 3.0 arch Arches Canyonlands 50CANY1 UT 38.38-109.87 2.6 badl Badlands Badlands 59BADL1 SD 43.63 -101.87 2.8 band Bandelier Bandelier 33BAND1 NM 35.88-106.37 2.3 bese Bering Sea (a) AK bibe Big Bend Big Bend 31BIBE1 TX 29.38-103.12 1.8 blca Black Canyon of the Gunnison Weminuche 55WEMI1 CO 37.63 -107.87 2.5 boma Bob Marshall Monture 73MONT1 MT 47.13 -113.12 3.3 bosq Bosque del Apache Bosque del Apache 38BOAP1 NM 33.88-106.87 2.2 bowa Boundary Waters Canoe Area Boundary Waters 23BOWA1 MN 47.88 -91.62 2.9 bret Breton Breton 20BRET1 LA 29.13 -89.12 3.5 brid Bridger Bridger 65BRID1 WY 42.88-109.87 2.5 brig Brigantine Brigantine 5BRIG1 NJ 39.38 -74.37 2.9 brca Bryce Canyon Bryce Canyon 49BRCA1 UT 37.63 -112.12 2.6

camo Cabinet Mountains Cabinet Mountains 75CABI1 MT 47.88-115.62 3.7

cacr Caney Creek Caney Creek 29CACR1 AR 34.38 -94.12 3.3 cany Canyonlands Canyonlands 50CANY1 UT 38.38-109.87 2.6 cape Cape Romain Cape Romain 15ROMA1 SC 32.88 -79.62 3.2

care Capitol Reef Capitol Reef 52CAPI1 UT 38.38-111.37 2.7 cari Caribou Lassen Volcanic 90LAVO1 CA 40.63 -121.62 3.7

cave Carlsbad Caverns Guadalupe Mountains 32GUMO1 TX 31.88-104.87 2.4 chas Chassahowitzka Chassahowitzka 18CHAS1 FL 28.63 -82.62 3.5 chir Chiricahua NM Chiricahua 39CHIR1 AZ 32.13 -109.37 2.0 chir Chiricahua W Chiricahua 39CHIR1 AZ 32.13 -109.37 2.0 cohu Cohutta Cohutta 12COHU1 GA 34.88 -84.62 3.4 crla Crater Lake Crater Lake 86CRLA1 OR 42.88-122.12 4.6

crmo Craters of the Moon Craters of the Moon 69CRMO1 ID 43.38-113.62 3.1

cuca Cucamonga San Gabriel 93SAGA1 CA 34.38-118.12 2.6 dena Denali Denali 102DENA1 AK 63.75-148.75 2.5 deso Desolation Bliss 95BLIS1 CA 38.88-120.12 3.2 dipe Diamond Peak Crater Lake 86CRLA1 OR 42.88-122.12 4.6 doso Dolly Sods Dolly Sods 8DOSO1 WV 39.13 -79.37 3.0 dola Dome Land Dome Land 109DOME1 CA 35.63 -118.12 2.6

eaca Eagle Cap Starkey 76STAR1 OR 45.13 -118.62 4.3

eane Eagles Nest White River 56WHRI1 CO 39.13 -106.87 2.2 emig Emigrant Yosemite 96YOSE1 CA 37.63 -119.62 3.0

ever Everglades Everglades 19EVER1 FL 25.38 -80.62 2.6 fitz Fitzpatrick Bridger 65BRID1 WY 42.88-109.87 2.5 flto Flat Tops White River 56WHRI1 CO 39.13 -106.87 2.2 gali Galiuro Chiricahua 39CHIR1 AZ 32.13 -109.37 2.0gamo Gates of the Mountains Gates of the Mountains 74GAMO1 MT 46.88-111.62 2.8

gemo Gearhart Mountain Crater Lake 86CRLA1 OR 42.88-122.12 4.6 gila Gila Gila Cliffs 42GICL1 NM 33.13 -108.12 2.1 glac Glacier Glacier 72GLAC1 MT 48.63 -114.12 3.9 glpe Glacier Peak North Cascades 81NOCA1 WA 48.63 -121.12 4.5 goro Goat Rocks White Pass 79WHPA1 WA 46.63 -121.37 4.8 grca Grand Canyon Grand Canyon, Hance 48GRCA2 AZ 35.88-111.87 2.5 grte Grand Teton Yellowstone 66YELL2 WY 44.63 -110.37 2.5 grgu Great Gulf Great Gulf 4GRGU1 NH 44.38 -71.12 2.8 grsa Great Sand Dunes Great Sand Dunes 53GRSA1 CO 37.63 -105.62 2.4 grsm Great Smoky Mountains Great Smoky Mountains10GRSM1 TN 35.63 -83.87 3.6 gumo Guadalupe Mountains Guadalupe Mountains 32GUMO1 TX 31.88-104.87 2.4 hale Haleakala Haleakala 108HALE1 HI 20.75-156.25 2.7 havo Hawaii Volcanoes Hawaii Volcanoes 107HAVO1 HI 19.25-155.25 3.0 heca Hells Canyon Hells Canyon 77HECA1 OR 44.88-116.87 3.7 herc Hercules - Glade Hercules - Glade 28HEGL1 MO 36.63 -92.87 3.2 hoov Hoover Hoover 97HOOV1 CA 38.13 -119.12 3.1 isro Isle Royale Isle Royale 25ISLE1 MI 47.38 -88.12 3.1 jari James River Face James River Face 7JARI1 VA 37.63 -79.62 2.9 jarb Jarbidge Jarbidge 68JARB1 NV 41.88-115.37 2.9 jomu John Muir Kaiser 110KAIS1 CA 37.13 -119.12 3.0 jotr Joshua Tree Joshua Tree 101JOSH1 CA 34.13 -116.37 2.4 joyc Joyce Kilmer - Slickrock Great Smoky Mountains10GRSM1 TN 35.63 -83.87 3.6 kais Kaiser Kaiser 110KAIS1 CA 37.13 -119.12 3.0 kalm Kalmiopsis Kalmiopsis 89KALM1 OR 42.63 -124.12 4.5 kica Kings Canyon Sequoia 98SEQU1 CA 36.38-118.87 2.9 laga La Garita Weminuche 55WEMI1 CO 37.63 -107.87 2.5 lavo Lassen Volcanic Lassen Volcanic 90LAVO1 CA 40.63 -121.62 3.7 labe Lava Beds Lava Beds 87LABE1 CA 41.63 -121.62 4.0 ligo Linville Gorge Linville Gorge 13LIGO1 NC 35.88 -81.87 3.2 lost Lostwood Lostwood 62LOST1 ND 48.63 -102.37 3.0 lybr Lye Brook Lye Brook 3LYBR1 VT 43.13 -73.12 2.8

maca Mammoth Cave Mammoth Cave 9MACA1 KY 37.13 -86.12 3.3

mamo Marble Mountain Trinity 104TRIN1 CA 40.88-122.87 4.0 mabe Maroon Bells - SnowmassWhite River 56WHRI1 CO 39.13 -106.87 2.2

maza Mazatzal Ike's Backbone 46IKBA1 AZ 34.38-111.62 2.2 medi Medicine Lake Medicine Lake 63MELA1 MT 48.38-104.37 3.0

meve Mesa Verde Mesa Verde 54MEVE1 CO 37.13 -108.37 2.8 ming Mingo Mingo 26MING1 MO 36.88 -90.12 3.2 mimo Mission Mountains Monture 73MONT1 MT 47.13 -113.12 3.3 moke Mokelumne Bliss 95BLIS1 CA 38.88-120.12 3.2

moos Moosehorn Moosehorn 2MOOS1 ME 45.13 -67.37 3.0 moad Mount Adams White Pass 79WHPA1 WA 46.63 -121.37 4.8 moba Mount Baldy Mount Baldy 43BALD1 AZ 34.13 -109.37 2.2 moho Mount Hood Mount Hood 85MOHO1 OR 45.38-121.87 4.6 moje Mount Jefferson Three Sisters 84THSI1 OR 44.38-122.12 5.3

mora Mount Rainier Mount Rainier 78MORA1 WA 46.88-122.12 5.3

mowa Mount Washington Three Sisters 84THSI1 OR 44.38-122.12 5.3 mozi Mount Zirkel Mount Zirkel 58MOZI1 CO 40.63 -106.62 2.2 mola Mountain Lakes Crater Lake 86CRLA1 OR 42.88-122.12 4.6 noab North Absaroka North Absoraka 67NOAB1 WY 44.63 -109.37 2.4

noca North Cascades North Cascades 81NOCA1 WA 48.63 -121.12 4.5okef Okefenokee Okefenokee 16OKEF1 GA 30.63 -82.12 3.3

olym Olympic Olympic 83OLYM1 WA 48.13 -122.87 4.2 otcr Otter Creek Dolly Sods 8DOSO1 WV 39.13 -79.37 3.0 pasa Pasayten Pasayten 82PASA1 WA 48.38-119.87 4.6 peco Pecos Wheeler Peak 35WHPE1 NM 36.63 -105.37 2.4 pefo Petrified Forest Petrified Forest 41PEFO1 AZ 35.13 -109.87 2.4 pimo Pine Mountain Ike's Backbone 46IKBA1 AZ 34.38-111.62 2.2 pinn Pinnacles Pinnacles 92PINN1 CA 36.38-121.12 3.4 pore Point Reyes Point Reyes 91PORE1 CA 38.13 -122.87 3.6 prra Presidential Range - Dry River Great Gulf 4GRGU1 NH 44.38 -71.12 2.8 rala Rainbow Lake WI

rawa Rawah Mount Zirkel 58MOZI1 CO 40.63 -106.62 2.2 redr Red Rock Lakes Yellowstone 66YELL2 WY 44.63 -110.37 2.5 redw Redwood Redwood 88REDW1 CA 41.63 -124.12 3.8

romo Rocky Mountain Rocky Mountain 57ROMO1 CO 40.38-105.62 1.9

roca Roosevelt Campobello Moosehorn 2MOOS1 ME 45.13 -67.37 3.0 sagu Saguaro Saguaro 40SAGU1 AZ 32.13 -110.62 1.8 stma Saint Marks Saint Marks 17SAMA1 FL 30.13 -84.12 3.5

sacr Salt Creek Salt Creek 36SACR1 NM 33.38-104.37 2.2 saga San Gabriel San Gabriel 93SAGA1 CA 34.38-118.12 2.6 sago San Gorgonio San Gorgonio 99SAGO1 CA 34.13 -116.87 2.5 saja San Jacinto San Gorgonio 99SAGO1 CA 34.13 -116.87 2.5 sape San Pedro Parks San Pedro Parks 34SAPE1 NM 36.13 -106.87 2.4

sara San Rafael San Rafael 94RAFA1 CA 34.63 -120.12 3.0 sawt Sawtooth Sawtooth 70SAWT1 ID 44.13 -114.87 3.3 scap Scapegoat Monture 73MONT1 MT 47.13 -113.12 3.3 selw Selway - Bitterroot Sula 71SULA1 MT 45.88-114.12 3.4

sene Seney Seney 22SENE1 MI 46.38 -85.87 3.3 sequ Sequoia Sequoia 98SEQU1 CA 36.38-118.87 2.9 shen Shenandoah Shenandoah 6SHEN1 VA 38.63 -78.37 2.9 shro Shining Rock Shining Rock 11SHRO1 NC 35.38 -82.87 3.3 sian Sierra Ancha Sierra Ancha 45SIAN1 AZ 34.13 -110.87 2.2 sime Simeonof Simeonof 105SIME1 AK 55.25-160.75 4.2 sips Sipsey Sipsey 21SIPS1 AL 34.38 -87.37 3.3

sowa South Warner Lava Beds 87LABE1 CA 41.63 -121.62 4.0 stmo Strawberry Mountain Starkey 76STAR1 OR 45.13 -118.62 4.3 supe Superstition Tonto 44TONT1 AZ 33.63 -111.12 2.1

swan Swanquarter Swanquarter 14SWAN1 NC 35.38 -76.12 2.9 syca Sycamore Canyon Sycamore Canyon 47SYCA1 AZ 35.13 -111.87 2.4 teto Teton Yellowstone 66YELL2 WY 44.63 -110.37 2.5 thro Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt 61THRO1 ND 46.88-103.37 2.9 thla Thousand Lakes Lassen Volcanic 90LAVO1 CA 40.63 -121.62 3.7 thsi Three Sisters Three Sisters 84THSI1 OR 44.38-122.12 5.3 tuxe Tuxedni Tuxedni 103TUXE1 AK 59.75-152.75 3.6 ulbe UL Bend UL Bend 64ULBE1 MT 47.63 -108.62 2.6 upbu Upper Buffalo Upper Buffalo 27UPBU1 AR 35.88 -93.12 3.2 vent Ventana Pinnacles 92PINN1 CA 36.38-121.12 3.4 viis Virgin Islands (b) Virgin Islands 106VIIS1 VI 18.75-155.75 voya Voyageurs Voyageurs 24VOYA2 MN 48.38 -92.87 2.7 wash Washakie North Absoraka 67NOAB1 WY 44.63 -109.37 2.4 wemi Weminuche Weminuche 55WEMI1 CO 37.63 -107.87 2.5 weel West Elk White River 56WHRI1 CO 39.13 -106.87 2.2whpe Wheeler Peak Wheeler Peak 35WHPE1 NM 36.63 -105.37 2.4

whmo White Mountain White Mountain 37WHIT1 NM 33.38-105.62 2.2 wich Wichita Mountains Wichita Mountains 30WIMO1 OK 34.63 -98.62 2.8 wica Wind Cave Wind Cave 60WICA1 SD 43.63 -103.37 2.5 wolf Wolf Island Okefenokee 16OKEF1 GA 30.63 -82.12 3.3 yell Yellowstone Yellowstone 66YELL2 WY 44.63 -110.37 2.5 yobo Yolla Bolly - Middle Eel Trinity 104TRIN1 CA 40.88-122.87 4.0 yose Yosemite Yosemite 96YOSE1 CA 37.63 -119.62 3.0 zion Zion Zion 51ZION1 UT 37.25 113.01 2.7



### a: No particulate matter sampling or visibility monitoring is conducted in the Bering Sea Wilderness. b: f(RH) values for Virgin Islands National Park were not calculated because of the limited RH data available.

### Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions Under the Regional Haze Program, EPA-454/B-03-005. September 2003.

**Table A-2 Recom me** **nded Monthly Site-Specific f(RH) Values for Each Mandatory Federal Class I Area,**

**Feb f(RH)** **Mar f(RH)** **Apr f(RH)** **May f(RH)** **Jun f(RH)** **Jul f(RH)** **Aug f(RH)** **Sep f(RH)** **Oct f(RH)** **Nov f(RH)** **Dec f(RH)**  Annual

f(RH) 2.8 2.8 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.4 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.3 5.0 3.7 3.6 4.2 3.1 3.5 3.4 3.8 4.9 5.5 5.3 4.3 3.0 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.5 3.3 3.4 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.1 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.7 2.2 2.3 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.3 1.8 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.7 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.7 2.0 2.3 1.9

1.7 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.7 2.2 2.4 2.0 2.9 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.7 3.2 3.3 2.6 2.0 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.6 1.8 2.2 1.8 2.6 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.1 3.2 2.7 3.1 3.1 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.5 2.4 2.1 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.2 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.4 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.4 1.8 3.2 2.8 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.1 2.1 2.4 2.9 3.6 3.8 2.8 3.0 2.7 2.8 3.2 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.1 2.3 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.3 1.8 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.9 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.1 3.1 3.2 2.5 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.5 1.9 3.1 2.8 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.3 3.1 3.5 2.6 2.0 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.9 2.2 2.4 1.7 1.9 2.3 1.9 3.2 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.4 1.9 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.6 2.1 1.6 1.9 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.6 2.1 1.6 3.1 2.9 2.7 3.2 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.2 3.4 3.3 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.2 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.6 4.6 4.7 3.6 2.7 2.3 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.6 2.0 2.7 3.0 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.8 2.1 2.5 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.9 3.0 2.5 2.8 2.5 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.8 2.4 3.0 2.2 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.2 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.6 4.6 4.7 3.6 2.7 2.7 2.5 3.5 3.1 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.1 2.8 3.1 3.1 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.0 3.8 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.4 2.0 2.1 2.4 3.3 4.2 4.5 3.2 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.1 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.9 2.7 2.2 2.1 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.3 2.7 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.5 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.5 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.1 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.6 2.1 1.62.5 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.4

4.0 3.7 3.5 3.2 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.6 4.6 4.7 3.6 1.9 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.8 2.2 1.7 3.4 3.1 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.3 3.7 3.8 3.2 4.1 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.5 4.2 4.7 4.7 3.8 4.2 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.1 2.9 3.0 3.5 4.3 4.9 5.0 3.9 2.4 2.0 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.3 1.8 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.1 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.2 3.0 2.9 3.0 2.3 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.2 1.9 2.3 2.4 2.1 3.0 3.0 2.8 3.2 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.4 2.0 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.9 2.2 2.4 1.7 1.9 2.3 1.9 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.0 3.0 3.1 2.4 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.4 1.6 2.2 3.4 3.8 2.4 2.9 2.6 2.6 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.2 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.0 2.7 2.5 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.3 2.8 2.1 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.9 3.2 3.4 3.5 2.9 3.3 3.3 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.0 2.7 3.0 2.9 2.6 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.0 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.6 2.4 2.8 2.1 2.7 2.5 2.1 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.7 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.0 3.0 3.0 2.8 3.2 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.4 2.7 2.5 2.1 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.7 2.2 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.3 3.1 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.6 4.4 4.4 3.6 2.6 2.5 2.2 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.5 2.2 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.7 2.2 2.4 2.0 3.1 2.8 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.3 3.1 3.5 2.6 3.4 3.1 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.8 3.6 4.0 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.7 3.2 3.6 3.6 3.9 3.9 3.4 3.1 3.2 3.3 2.9 3.0 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.4 3.2 3.2 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.2 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.9 3.0 4.1 4.7 4.6 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.2 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.6 3.9 3.1 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.1 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.8 2.1 1.7 2.9 2.9 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.3 3.1 3.1 2.6 2.6 2.2 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.8 2.2 2.6 2.0 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.7 3.2 3.3 2.6 2.8 2.5 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.8 2.4 3.0 2.2 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 4.2 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.1 2.9 3.0 3.5 4.3 4.9 5.0 3.9 2.1 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.9 2.3 1.7 4.1 3.7 3.6 3.2 3.0 2.7 2.8 3.2 4.1 4.8 4.8 3.7 4.6 4.4 4.3 3.8 3.4 2.7 2.7 3.1 4.3 5.2 5.3 4.1 4.7 4.4 4.3 3.9 3.7 3.4 3.6 4.2 5.1 5.5 5.6 4.5 4.6 4.4 4.3 3.8 3.4 2.7 2.7 3.1 4.3 5.2 5.3 4.1 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.2 1.8 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.0 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.2 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.6 4.6 4.7 3.6 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.0 4.1 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.5 4.2 4.7 4.7 3.83.0 3.2 3.0 3.2 3.8 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.4

3.9 3.6 3.5 2.9 3.2 2.7 3.3 3.8 4.3 4.5 4.4 3.7 2.7 2.7 2.5 3.5 3.1 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.1 2.8 3.1 3.1 4.1 3.5 3.3 3.2 2.9 2.8 2.9 3.4 4.1 4.7 4.8 3.7 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.1 1.8 2.2 2.4 2.0 2.1 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.3 1.7 2.0 1.8 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.8 2.1 1.7 3.4 3.5 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.9 2.6 3.2 3.1 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.9 3.3 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.2 3.0 2.9 3.0

2.2 2.0 2.1 2.2 1.8 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.1 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.9 4.2 4.2 3.7 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.8 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.0 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 1.6 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.5 2.0 1.5 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.5 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.8 2.5 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.6 2.4 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.2 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.7 2.1 2.3 1.9 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.3 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.5 2.0 2.9 3.3 2.2 2.9 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.7 3.2 3.3 2.6 3.0 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.5 3.3 3.4 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.6 3.0 3.3 3.6 3.7 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.2 2.6 2.5 2.2 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.5 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.4 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.0 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.7 3.2 3.6 3.6 3.9 3.9 3.5 3.2 3.3 3.3 2.0 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.8 2.2 1.7 4.2 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.6 5.0 5.2 4.5 3.7 3.9 4.2 4.3 3.0 2.8 2.7 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.1 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.8 3.6 4.0 3.0 3.8 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.4 2.0 2.1 2.4 3.3 4.2 4.5 3.2 1.9 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.7 2.1 1.6 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.7 2.9 2.9 2.4 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.5 2.0 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.3 1.9 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.1 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.3 3.0 3.0 2.6 3.1 2.8 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.3 3.1 3.5 2.6 4.6 4.4 4.3 3.8 3.4 2.7 2.7 3.1 4.3 5.2 5.3 4.1 3.4 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.6 3.9 3.8 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.4 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.6 2.6 2.3 2.9 2.6 2.7 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.0 3.4 3.5 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.9 2.6

2.4 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.8 2.5 2.7 2.9 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.0 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.7 2.2 2.4 2.0 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.1 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.02.2 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.1 1.8 2.2 2.4 2.0

1.9 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.1 1.8 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.6 2.5 2.4 3.0 3.2 3.0 3.2 3.8 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.1 3.4 3.2 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.6 3.9 3.1 2.9 2.7 2.2 2.1 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.3 2.7 2.2 2.4 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.6 2.0 2.4 1.8



### b: f(RH) values for Virgin Islands National Park were not calculated because of the limited RH data available.

### Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions Under the Regional Haze Program, EPA-454/B-03-005. September 2003. Note: to match list in App. B, added Rainbow Lake

**Table A-3 Monthly Site-Specific f(RH) Values for Each Mandatory Federal Class I Area, Based on the Centroid of the Area (Supplem** **ental Inform ation)** 

abbr **Class I Area Site Name**  **Map ID Code**  **Site St**  **LAT LONG**  **Jan f(RH)**  acad Acadia Acadia 1ACAD1 ME 44.37 68.26 3.3 agti Agua Tibia Agua Tibia 100AGTI1 CA 33.41 116.98 2.4 alla Alpine Lakes Snoqualmie Pass 80SNPA1 WA 47.42 121.42 4.3

anac Anaconda-Pintler Sula 71SULA1 MT 45.98 113.42 3.3 anad Ansel Adams Kaiser 110KAIS1 CA 37.65 119.20 3.0 arch Arches Canyonlands 50CANY1 UT 38.64 109.58 2.6 badl Badlands Badlands 59BADL1 SD 43.74 101.94 2.6 band Bandelier Bandelier 33BAND1 NM 35.78 106.27 2.2 bese Bering Sea (a) AK 60.45 172.79 bibe Big Bend Big Bend 31BIBE1 TX 29.31 103.19 2.0 blca Black Canyon of the Gunnison Weminuche 55WEMI1 CO 38.58 107.70 2.4 boma Bob Marshall Monture 73MONT1 MT 47.75 113.38 3.6 bosq Bosque del Apache Bosque del Apache 38BOAP1 NM 33.79 106.83 2.1 bowa Boundary Waters Canoe Area Boundary Waters 23BOWA1 MN 47.95 91.50 3.0 bret Breton Breton 20BRET1 LA 29.73 88.88 3.7 brid Bridger Bridger 65BRID1 WY 42.98 109.76 2.5 brig Brigantine Brigantine 5BRIG1 NJ 39.46 74.45 2.8 brca Bryce Canyon Bryce Canyon 49BRCA1 UT 37.62 112.17 2.6

camo Cabinet Mountains Cabinet Mountains 75CABI1 MT 48.21 115.71 3.8

cacr Caney Creek Caney Creek 29CACR1 AR 34.41 94.08 3.4 cany Canyonlands Canyonlands 50CANY1 UT 38.46 109.82 2.6 cape Cape Romain Cape Romain 15ROMA1 SC 32.94 79.66 3.3

care Capitol Reef Capitol Reef 52CAPI1 UT 38.36 111.05 2.7 cari Caribou Lassen Volcanic 90LAVO1 CA 40.50 121.18 3.7

cave Carlsbad Caverns Guadalupe Mountains 32GUMO1 TX 32.14 104.48 2.1 chas Chassahowitzka Chassahowitzka 18CHAS1 FL 28.75 82.55 3.8 chir Chiricahua NM Chiricahua 39CHIR1 AZ 32.01 109.39 2.0 chir Chiricahua W Chiricahua 39CHIR1 AZ 31.84 109.27 2.0 cohu Cohutta Cohutta 12COHU1 GA 34.92 84.58 3.3 crla Crater Lake Crater Lake 86CRLA1 OR 42.90 122.13 4.6

crmo Craters of the Moon Craters of the Moon 69CRMO1 ID 43.47 113.55 3.1

cuca Cucamonga San Gabriel 93SAGA1 CA 34.25 117.57 2.5 dena Denali Denali 102DENA1 AK 63.72 148.97 2.5 deso Desolation Bliss 95BLIS1 CA 38.98 120.12 3.2 dipe Diamond Peak Crater Lake 86CRLA1 OR 43.53 122.10 4.5 doso Dolly Sods Dolly Sods 8DOSO1 WV 39.11 79.43 3.0 dola Dome Land Dome Land 109DOME1 CA 35.70 118.19 2.5

eaca Eagle Cap Starkey 76STAR1 OR 45.10 117.29 3.8

eane Eagles Nest White River 56WHRI1 CO 39.69 106.25 2.2 emig Emigrant Yosemite 96YOSE1 CA 38.20 119.75 3.2

ever Everglades Everglades 19EVER1 FL 25.39 80.68 2.7 fitz Fitzpatrick Bridger 65BRID1 WY 43.27 109.57 2.5 flto Flat Tops White River 56WHRI1 CO 39.97 107.25 2.3 gali Galiuro Chiricahua 39CHIR1 AZ 32.56 110.32 2.0gamo Gates of the Mountains Gates of the Mountains 74GAMO1 MT 46.87 111.81 2.9

gemo Gearhart Mountain Crater Lake 86CRLA1 OR 42.49 120.85 4.0 gila Gila Gila Cliffs 42GICL1 NM 33.22 108.25 2.1 glac Glacier Glacier 72GLAC1 MT 48.51 114.00 4.0 glpe Glacier Peak North Cascades 81NOCA1 WA 48.21 121.04 4.2 goro Goat Rocks White Pass 79WHPA1 WA 46.54 121.48 4.3 grca Grand Canyon Grand Canyon, Hance 48GRCA2 AZ 35.97 111.98 2.4 grte Grand Teton Yellowstone 66YELL2 WY 43.68 110.73 2.6 grgu Great Gulf Great Gulf 4GRGU1 NH 44.31 71.22 2.8 grsa Great Sand Dunes Great Sand Dunes 53GRSA1 CO 37.73 105.52 2.4 grsm Great Smoky Mountains Great Smoky Mountains10GRSM1 TN 35.63 83.94 3.3 gumo Guadalupe Mountains Guadalupe Mountains 32GUMO1 TX 31.83 104.80 2.0 hale Haleakala Haleakala 108HALE1 HI 20.81 156.28 2.7 havo Hawaii Volcanoes Hawaii Volcanoes 107HAVO1 HI 19.43 155.27 3.2 heca Hells Canyon Hells Canyon 77HECA1 OR 45.34 116.57 3.7 herc Hercules-Glade Hercules-Glade 28HEGL1 MO 36.69 92.90 3.2 hoov Hoover Hoover 97HOOV1 CA 38.14 119.45 3.1 isro Isle Royale Isle Royale 25ISLE1 MI 47.99 88.83 3.1 jari James River Face James River Face 7JARI1 VA 37.62 79.48 2.8 jarb Jarbidge Jarbidge 68JARB1 NV 41.89 115.43 3.0 jomu John Muir Kaiser 110KAIS1 CA 37.39 118.84 2.9 jotr Joshua Tree Joshua Tree 101JOSH1 CA 34.03 116.18 2.4 joyc Joyce Kilmer-Slickrock Great Smoky Mountains10GRSM1 TN 35.43 84.00 3.3 kais Kaiser Kaiser 110KAIS1 CA 37.28 119.18 3.0 kalm Kalmiopsis Kalmiopsis 89KALM1 OR 42.27 123.93 4.5 kica Kings Canyon Sequoia 98SEQU1 CA 36.82 118.76 2.8 laga La Garita Weminuche 55WEMI1 CO 37.96 106.81 2.3 lavo Lassen Volcanic Lassen Volcanic 90LAVO1 CA 40.54 121.57 3.8 labe Lava Beds Lava Beds 87LABE1 CA 41.71 121.34 4.0 ligo Linville Gorge Linville Gorge 13LIGO1 NC 35.89 81.89 3.3 lost Lostwood Lostwood 62LOST1 ND 48.60 102.48 3.0 lybr Lye Brook Lye Brook 3LYBR1 VT 43.15 73.12 2.7

maca Mammoth Cave Mammoth Cave 9MACA1 KY 37.22 86.07 3.4

mamo Marble Mountain Trinity 104TRIN1 CA 41.52 123.21 4.4 mabe Maroon Bells-SnowmassWhite River 56WHRI1 CO 39.15 106.82 2.2

maza Mazatzal Ike's Backbone 46IKBA1 AZ 33.92 111.43 2.1 medi Medicine Lake Medicine Lake 63MELA1 MT 48.50 104.29 3.0

meve Mesa Verde Mesa Verde 54MEVE1 CO 37.20 108.49 2.5 ming Mingo Mingo 26MING1 MO 36.98 90.20 3.3 mimo Mission Mountains Monture 73MONT1 MT 47.40 113.85 3.6 moke Mokelumne Bliss 95BLIS1 CA 38.58 120.03 3.2

moos Moosehorn Moosehorn 2MOOS1 ME 45.12 67.26 3.0 moad Mount Adams White Pass 79WHPA1 WA 46.19 121.50 4.3 moba Mount Baldy Mount Baldy 43BALD1 AZ 34.12 109.57 2.2 moho Mount Hood Mount Hood 85MOHO1 OR 45.38 121.69 4.3 moje Mount Jefferson Three Sisters 84THSI1 OR 44.55 121.83 4.4

mora Mount Rainier Mount Rainier 78MORA1 WA 46.76 122.12 4.4

mowa Mount Washington Three Sisters 84THSI1 OR 44.30 121.87 4.4 mozi Mount Zirkel Mount Zirkel 58MOZI1 CO 40.55 106.70 2.2 mola Mountain Lakes Crater Lake 86CRLA1 OR 42.34 122.11 4.3 noab North Absaroka North Absaraka 67NOAB1 WY 44.77 109.78 2.4

noca North Cascades North Cascades 81NOCA1 WA 48.54 121.44 4.1okef Okefenokee Okefenokee 16OKEF1 GA 30.74 82.13 3.5

olym Olympic Olympic 83OLYM1 WA 47.32 123.35 4.5 otcr Otter Creek Dolly Sods 8DOSO1 WV 39.00 79.65 3.0 pasa Pasayten Pasayten 82PASA1 WA 48.85 120.52 4.2 peco Pecos Wheeler Peak 35WHPE1 NM 35.93 105.64 2.3 pefo Petrified Forest Petrified Forest 41PEFO1 AZ 35.08 109.77 2.4 pimo Pine Mountain Ike's Backbone 46IKBA1 AZ 34.31 111.80 2.2 pinn Pinnacles Pinnacles 92PINN1 CA 36.49 121.16 3.2 pore Point Reyes Point Reyes 91PORE1 CA 38.12 122.90 3.6 prra Presidential Range-Dry River Great Gulf 4GRGU1 NH 44.21 71.35 2.8 rala Rainbow Lake WI

rawa Rawah Mount Zirkel 58MOZI1 CO 40.70 105.94 2.1 redr Red Rock Lakes Yellowstone 66YELL2 WY 44.67 111.70 2.7 redw Redwood Redwood 88REDW1 CA 41.56 124.08 4.4

romo Rocky Mountain Rocky Mountain 57ROMO1 CO 40.28 105.55 1.7

roca Roosevelt Campobello Moosehorn 2MOOS1 ME 44.88 66.95 3.0 sagu Saguaro Saguaro 40SAGU1 AZ 32.25 110.73 1.8 stma Saint Marks Saint Marks 17SAMA1 FL 30.12 84.08 3.7

sacr Salt Creek Salt Creek 36SACR1 NM 33.61 104.37 2.1 saga San Gabriel San Gabriel 93SAGA1 CA 34.27 117.94 2.5 sago San Gorgonio San Gorgonio 99SAGO1 CA 34.18 116.90 2.7 saja San Jacinto San Gorgonio 99SAGO1 CA 33.75 116.65 2.5 sape San Pedro Parks San Pedro Parks 34SAPE1 NM 36.11 106.81 2.3

sara San Rafael San Rafael 94RAFA1 CA 34.78 119.83 2.8 sawt Sawtooth Sawtooth 70SAWT1 ID 44.18 114.93 3.3 scap Scapegoat Monture 73MONT1 MT 47.17 112.73 3.2 selw Selway-Bitterroot Sula 71SULA1 MT 45.86 114.00 3.5

sene Seney Seney 22SENE1 MI 46.26 86.03 3.3 sequ Sequoia Sequoia 98SEQU1 CA 36.50 118.82 2.5 shen Shenandoah Shenandoah 6SHEN1 VA 38.52 78.44 3.1 shro Shining Rock Shining Rock 11SHRO1 NC 35.39 82.78 3.3 sian Sierra Ancha Sierra Ancha 45SIAN1 AZ 33.82 110.88 2.1 sime Simeonof Simeonof 105SIME1 AK 54.92 159.28 4.3 sips Sipsey Sipsey 21SIPS1 AL 34.34 87.34 3.4

sowa South Warner Lava Beds 87LABE1 CA 41.33 120.20 3.6 stmo Strawberry Mountain Starkey 76STAR1 OR 44.30 118.73 3.9 supe Superstition Tonto 44TONT1 AZ 33.63 111.10 2.1

swan Swanquarter Swanquarter 14SWAN1 NC 35.31 76.28 2.9 syca Sycamore Canyon Sycamore Canyon 47SYCA1 AZ 34.03 116.18 2.4 teto Teton Yellowstone 66YELL2 WY 44.09 110.18 2.5 thro Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt 61THRO1 ND 47.30 104.00 2.9 thla Thousand Lakes Lassen Volcanic 90LAVO1 CA 40.70 121.58 3.8 thsi Three Sisters Three Sisters 84THSI1 OR 44.29 122.04 4.5 tuxe Tuxedni Tuxedni 103TUXE1 AK 60.15 152.60 3.5 ulbe UL Bend UL Bend 64ULBE1 MT 47.55 107.87 2.7 upbu Upper Buffalo Upper Buffalo 27UPBU1 AR 35.83 93.21 3.3 vent Ventana Pinnacles 92PINN1 CA 36.22 121.59 3.2 viis Virgin Islands (b) Virgin Islands 106VIIS1 VI 18.33 64.79 voya Voyageurs Voyageurs 24VOYA2 MN 48.59 93.17 2.8 wash Washakie North Absoraka 67NOAB1 WY 43.95 109.59 2.5 wemi Weminuche Weminuche 55WEMI1 CO 37.65 107.80 2.4 weel West Elk White River 56WHRI1 CO 38.69 107.19 2.3whpe Wheeler Peak Wheeler Peak 35WHPE1 NM 36.57 105.42 2.3

whmo White Mountain White Mountain 37WHIT1 NM 33.49 105.83 2.1 wich Wichita Mountains Wichita Mountains 30WIMO1 OK 34.74 98.59 2.7 wica Wind Cave Wind Cave 60WICA1 SD 43.55 103.48 2.5 wolf Wolf Island Okefenokee 16OKEF1 GA 31.31 81.30 3.4 yell Yellowstone Yellowstone 66YELL2 WY 44.55 110.40 2.5 yobo Yolla Bolly-Middle Eel Trinity 104TRIN1 CA 40.11 122.96 4.0 yose Yosemite Yosemite 96YOSE1 CA 37.71 119.70 3.3 zion Zion Zion 51ZION1 UT 37.25 113.01 2.7



### a: No particulate matter sampling or visibility monitoring is conducted in the Bering Sea Wilderness. b: f(RH) values for Virgin Islands National Park were not calculated because of the limited RH data available.

### Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions Under the Regional Haze Program, EPA-454/B-03-005. September 2003.

**Feb f(RH)** **Mar f(RH)** **Apr f(RH)** **May f(RH)** **Jun f(RH)** **Jul f(RH)** **Aug f(RH)** **Sep f(RH)** **Oct f(RH)** **Nov f(RH)** **Dec f(RH)**  Annual

f(RH) 2.9 2.8 3.4 3.1 3.0 3.4 3.8 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.5 3.4 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.3 3.8 3.5 3.9 2.9 3.2 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.9 4.5 4.5 3.7 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.5 3.2 3.3 2.6 2.7 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.8 2.3 2.7 2.1 2.3 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.3 1.8 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.7 2.1 1.9 1.7 2.0 2.2 1.9

1.9 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.8 2.2 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.0 3.1 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.3 2.2 2.6 2.9 3.5 3.5 2.9 1.9 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.8 2.2 1.8 2.6 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.5 2.8 3.2 3.2 2.9 3.5 3.7 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.3 4.2 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.9 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.6 2.7 2.6 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.7 3.6 3.3 2.9 2.8 3.1 2.4 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.4 1.8 3.3 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.3 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.7 3.9 3.0 3.1 2.9 3.0 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.4 2.3 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.3 1.8 3.0 2.9 2.8 3.2 3.7 3.6 4.1 4.0 3.7 3.4 3.2 3.4 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.5 1.9 3.1 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.4 3.0 3.4 2.7 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.2 1.8 1.9 2.1 1.9 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.9 3.9 4.2 4.1 3.9 3.7 3.9 3.7 2.0 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.8 2.1 1.8 1.5 1.6 2.2 1.7 1.9 1.6 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.8 2.1 1.8 1.5 1.6 2.2 1.7 3.1 3.0 2.8 3.4 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.2 3.8 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.9 3.7 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.6 4.6 4.6 3.6 2.7 2.3 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.6 2.0 2.8 3.0 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.5 3.0 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 2.5 2.8 2.4 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.4 3.0 2.2 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.7 4.6 4.6 3.7 2.8 2.8 2.6 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.9 3.9 3.3 3.0 3.1 3.2 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.0 3.2 2.5 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.3 3.4 4.0 2.5 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.8 2.5 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.9 2.4 2.9 2.2 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.6 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.6 2.1 1.62.6 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.8 2.8 2.4

3.4 3.1 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.8 3.7 3.8 3.0 1.9 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.2 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.8 2.2 1.8 3.5 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.4 2.8 2.6 3.2 3.5 3.8 3.9 3.4 3.7 3.4 3.8 2.9 3.2 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.9 4.4 4.4 3.6 3.8 3.4 4.2 2.8 3.4 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.8 4.4 4.6 3.7 2.3 1.9 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.9 2.3 1.8 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.4 2.6 2.1 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.2 3.5 3.8 4.0 3.4 3.1 2.9 3.1 2.3 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.2 1.9 2.4 2.4 2.1 3.0 2.9 2.7 3.2 3.9 3.8 4.0 4.2 3.8 3.3 3.4 3.5 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.9 2.2 2.2 1.8 1.9 2.2 1.9 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.7 3.2 3.1 3.1 2.5 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.8 2.4 3.5 3.9 2.5 2.9 2.7 2.7 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.1 2.8 2.5 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.3 2.8 2.1 2.5 2.7 2.4 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.2 3.8 2.7 3.3 3.3 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.4 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.7 3.6 3.2 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.6 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.6 2.4 2.8 2.1 2.6 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.6 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.1 3.1 2.9 2.7 3.3 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.2 3.8 3.3 3.5 3.5 2.7 2.5 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.7 2.2 3.9 3.8 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.6 4.4 4.3 3.7 2.6 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.5 2.1 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.0 1.8 2.2 2.3 2.0 3.2 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.4 3.1 3.5 2.7 3.4 3.1 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.7 3.5 3.8 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.7 3.3 3.9 4.1 4.5 4.4 3.7 3.2 3.4 3.5 2.9 2.9 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.4 3.2 3.2 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.6 3.7 3.3 2.9 2.8 3.0 3.1 2.9 2.6 3.2 3.5 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.4 3.2 3.5 3.4 3.8 3.7 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.4 4.1 4.2 3.6 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.1 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.1 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.7 2.1 1.6 2.9 2.9 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.4 3.2 3.2 2.6 2.3 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.6 2.0 1.9 1.7 2.1 2.3 1.9 3.0 2.8 2.6 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.1 3.1 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.9 3.5 3.6 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.4 2.9 2.2 2.7 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.8 3.9 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.8 3.4 4.4 2.9 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.1 3.9 4.5 4.6 3.7 2.0 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.8 2.2 1.7 3.8 3.5 3.9 3.0 3.2 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.9 4.5 4.6 3.6 3.9 3.6 3.7 3.1 3.1 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.8 4.6 4.5 3.6 4.0 3.6 4.7 3.1 3.7 3.3 3.5 3.4 4.1 4.7 4.7 3.9 3.9 3.6 3.7 3.1 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.8 4.6 4.6 3.6 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.0 3.6 3.3 3.0 2.9 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.6 3.1 4.1 4.3 3.2 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.1 3.7 3.4 3.7 2.9 3.2 2.9 3.2 3.5 3.9 4.4 4.4 3.63.2 3.1 3.0 3.6 3.7 3.7 4.1 4.0 3.8 3.5 3.6 3.6

4.1 3.8 4.1 3.2 3.5 3.1 3.5 3.7 4.4 4.8 4.8 4.0 2.8 2.8 2.6 3.2 3.5 3.7 4.1 4.0 3.3 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.7 3.4 3.7 2.9 3.2 2.9 3.2 3.3 3.9 4.4 4.5 3.6 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.0 1.7 2.0 2.2 1.9 2.2 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.9 2.3 1.8 2.0 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.7 2.1 1.7 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.9 2.4 3.3 3.1 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.3 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.4 3.7 4.0 4.3 3.5 3.1 3.0 3.2

2.1 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.0 1.8 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.3 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.6 2.7 2.2 3.9 4.6 3.9 4.5 4.7 4.9 4.7 4.3 3.7 3.8 3.4 4.2 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.9 2.7 2.7 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.8 3.9 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.2 1.6 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.6 2.1 1.5 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 4.0 4.1 4.4 4.2 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.8 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.1 1.8 1.8 2.1 1.8 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.8 2.6 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.7 2.1 2.2 1.9 2.7 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.9 2.3 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.5 2.0 2.9 3.3 2.2 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.6 3.1 3.1 2.6 3.0 2.6 2.3 2.4 2.3 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.6 3.3 3.5 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.6 3.1 3.6 4.0 4.1 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.3 2.4 2.4 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.8 2.8 2.5 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.9 3.9 3.2 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.7 3.4 3.9 4.1 4.5 4.4 3.8 3.3 3.4 3.6 2.0 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.5 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.7 2.1 1.6 4.1 3.6 3.9 3.9 4.3 5.0 5.2 4.5 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.2 3.1 2.9 2.8 3.3 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.1 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.3 3.1 3.4 2.6 3.3 2.8 2.9 2.3 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.6 3.7 4.1 2.8 1.9 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.7 2.1 1.6 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.9 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.1 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.3 2.2 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.1 2.8 2.8 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.3 3.0 3.0 2.6 3.2 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.4 3.1 3.5 2.7 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.1 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.8 4.6 4.6 3.7 3.3 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.9 3.6 4.0 3.9 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.4 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.7 2.7 2.3 3.0 2.7 2.8 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.2 2.9 2.8 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.9 2.5

2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 3.1 2.7 3.0 3.2 2.6 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.1 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.6 2.0 1.9 1.7 2.1 2.3 1.9 2.2 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.0 1.8 2.1 2.2 2.02.2 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.8 2.2 2.1 1.8 2.2 2.3 2.0

1.9 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.8 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.8 2.1 1.8 2.6 2.4 2.4 3.0 2.7 2.3 2.5 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.6 2.6 2.5 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.3 3.7 3.7 4.1 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.5 2.5 2.1 3.4 3.1 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 3.3 3.6 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.3 2.1 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.8 2.4 2.8 2.2 2.4 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.6 2.0 2.4 1.8



### b: f(RH) values for Virgin Islands National Park were not calculated because of the limited RH data available.Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions Under the Regional Haze Program, EPA-454/B-03-005. September 2003. Note: To match order in App. A-2 and A-3, moved St. Marks to Saint Marks 

### Appendix B **Default Natural bext** **, dv** **, and 10 th** 

### and 90**th**

### Percentile **dv Values at All Mandatory Federal Class I Areas** 

abbr **Mandatory Federal Class I Area**  **State Lat.**  **Lon. bext**  **(Mm-1) Ann. Avg.** 

**(dv)** acad Acadia NP ME 44.35 -68.24 21.40 7.61 agti Agua Tibia Wilderness CA 33.42 -116.99 15.86 4.61 alla Alpine Lake Wilderness WA 47.55 -121.16 16.99 5.30
anac Anaconda-Pintler Wilderness MT 45.95 -113.50 16.03 4.72 anad Ansel Adams CA 37.74 -119.19 15.78 4.56 arch Arches NP UT 38.73 -109.58 15.58 4.43 badl Badlands NP SD 43.81 -102.36 16.06 4.74 band Bandelier NM NM 35.79 -106.34 15.62 4.46 bese Bering Sea AK 60.46 -172.75 bibe Big Bend NP TX 29.33 -103.31 15.48 4.37 blca Black Canyon of the Gunnison NM CO 38.57 -107.75 15.68 4.50 boma Bob Marshall Wilderness MT 47.68 -113.23 16.17 4.80 bosq Bosque del Apache NM 33.79 -106.85 15.54 4.41 bowa Boundary Waters Canoe Area MN 48.06 -91.43 20.89 7.37 bret Breton LA 29.87 -88.82 21.57 7.69 brid Bridger Wilderness WY 42.99 -109.49 15.71 4.52 brig Brigantine NJ 39.49 -74.39 21.05 7.44 brca Bryce Canyon NP UT 37.57 -112.17 15.58 4.43
camo Cabinet Mountains Wilderness MT 48.18 -115.68 16.27 4.87
cacr Caney Creek Wilderness AR 34.41 -94.08 21.14 7.49 cany Canyonlands NP UT 38.23 -109.91 15.60 4.45 cape Cape Romain SC 32.99 -79.49 21.22 7.52
care Capitol Reef NP UT 38.06 -111.15 15.63 4.47 cari Caribou Wilderness CA 40.49 -121.21 16.05 4.73
cave Carlsbad Caverns NP NM 32.12 -104.59 15.61 4.46 chas Chassahowitzka FL 28.69 -82.66 21.46 7.63 chir Chiricahua NM AZ 32.01 -109.34 15.47 4.36 chir Chiricahua Wilderness AZ 31.86 -109.28 15.45 4.35 cohu Cohutta Wilderness GA 34.93 -84.57 21.39 7.60 crla Crater Lake NP OR 42.92 -122.13 16.74 5.15
crmo Craters of the Moon NM ID 43.39 -113.54 15.80 4.57
cuca Cucamonga Wilderness CA 34.24 -117.59 15.85 4.61 dena Denali Preserve NP AK 63.31 -151.19 16.27 4.86 deso Desolation Wilderness CA 38.90 -120.17 15.80 4.57 dipe Diamond Peak Wilderness OR 43.53 -122.10 16.84 5.21 doso Dolly Sods Wilderness WV 39.00 -79.37 21.13 7.48 dola Dome Land Wilderness CA 35.84 -118.23 15.70 4.51
eaca Eagle Cap Wilderness OR 45.22 -117.37 16.12 4.78
eane Eagles Nest Wilderness CO 39.67 -106.29 15.72 4.52 emig Emigrant Wilderness CA 38.18 -119.77 15.81 4.58
ever Everglades NP FL 25.35 -80.98 20.77 7.31 fitz Fitzpatrick Wilderness WY 43.24 -109.60 15.73 4.53 flto Flat Tops Wilderness CO 39.95 -107.30 15.70 4.51 gali Galiuro Wilderness AZ 32.60 -110.39 15.40 4.32 gamo Gates of the Mountains Wilderness MT 46.86 -111.82 15.93 4.66 gemo Gearhart Mountain Wilderness OR 42.51 -120.86 16.33 4.90gila Gila Wilderness NM 33.21 -108.47 15.51 4.39

glac Glacier NP MT 48.64 -113.84 16.48 5.00 glpe Glacier Peak Wilderness WA 48.21 -121.00 16.88 5.24 goro Goat Rocks Wilderness WA 46.52 -121.47 16.93 5.26 grca Grand Canyon NP AZ 36.30 -112.79 15.51 4.39 grte Grand Teton NP WY 43.82 -110.71 15.74 4.53 grgu Great Gulf Wilderness NH 44.30 -71.28 21.10 7.47 grsa Great Sand Dunes NM CO 37.77 -105.57 15.74 4.54 grsm Great Smoky Mountains NP TN 35.60 -83.52 21.39 7.60 gumo Guadalupe Mountains NP TX 31.91 -104.85 15.64 4.47 hale Haleakala NP HI 20.71 -156.16 16.02 4.71 havo Hawaii Volcanoes NP HI 19.41 -155.34 16.33 4.91 heca Hells Canyon Wilderness OR 45.54 -116.59 16.09 4.76 herc Hercules-Glades Wilderness MO 36.68 -92.90 21.03 7.43 hoov Hoover Wilderness CA 38.11 -119.37 15.78 4.56 isro Isle Royale NP MI 48.01 -88.83 20.91 7.38 jari James River Face Wilderness VA 37.59 -79.44 20.96 7.40 jarb Jarbidge Wilderness NV 41.77 -115.35 15.75 4.54 jomu John Muir Wilderness CA 36.97 -118.88 15.80 4.58 jotr Joshua Tree NM CA 33.92 -115.88 15.72 4.52 joyc Joyce-Kilmer-Slickrock Wilderness TN 35.44 -83.99 21.40 7.61 kais Kaiser Wilderness CA 37.28 -119.17 15.80 4.57 kalm Kalmiopsis Wilderness OR 42.26 -123.92 16.74 5.15 kica Kings Canyon NP CA 36.92 -118.61 15.79 4.57 laga La Garita Wilderness CO 37.95 -106.83 15.69 4.50 lavo Lassen Volcanic NP CA 40.49 -121.41 16.08 4.75 labe Lava Beds NM CA 41.76 -121.52 16.37 4.93 ligo Linville Gorge Wilderness NC 35.88 -81.90 21.36 7.59 lost Lostwood ND 48.59 -102.46 16.11 4.77 lybr Lye Brook Wilderness VT 43.13 -73.02 20.99 7.41
maca Mammoth Cave NP KY 37.20 -86.15 21.58 7.69
mamo Marble Mountain Wilderness CA 41.51 -123.21 16.65 5.10 mabe Maroon Bells-Snowmass Wilderness CO 39.10 -107.02 15.70 4.51
maza Mazatzal Wilderness AZ 34.13 -111.56 15.44 4.35 medi Medicine Lake MT 48.49 -104.35 16.07 4.74
meve Mesa Verde NP CO 37.25 -108.45 15.73 4.53 ming Mingo MO 37.00 -90.19 21.03 7.43 mimo Mission Mountains Wilderness MT 47.48 -113.87 16.21 4.83 moke Mokelumne Wilderness CA 38.57 -120.06 15.80 4.58
moos Moosehorn ME 45.09 -67.29 21.22 7.52 moad Mount Adams Wilderness WA 46.20 -121.49 16.86 5.22 moba Mount Baldy Wilderness AZ 33.95 -109.54 15.51 4.39 moho Mount Hood Wilderness OR 45.37 -121.73 16.83 5.21 moje Mount Jefferson Wilderness OR 44.61 -121.84 16.91 5.25
mora Mount Rainier NP WA 46.86 -121.72 17.05 5.34
mowa Mount Washington Wilderness OR 44.30 -121.88 17.03 5.33 mozi Mount Zirkel Wilderness CO 40.75 -106.68 15.71 4.52 mola Mountain Lakes Wilderness OR 42.33 -122.11 16.50 5.01 noab North Absaroka Wilderness WY 44.74 -109.80 15.74 4.53
noca North Cascades NP WA 48.83 -121.35 16.86 5.22 okef Okefenokee GA 30.82 -82.33 21.41 7.61 olym Olympic NP WA 47.77 -123.74 17.02 5.32 otcr Otter Creek Wilderness WV 38.99 -79.65 21.14 7.49 pasa Pasayten Wilderness WA 48.89 -120.44 16.84 5.21 peco Pecos Wilderness NM 35.90 -105.62 15.65 4.48pefo Petrified Forest NP AZ 34.99 -109.79 15.54 4.41

pimo Pine Mountain Wilderness AZ 34.31 -111.80 15.47 4.36 pinn Pinnacles NM CA 36.48 -121.19 16.12 4.78 pore Point Reyes NS CA 38.06 -122.90 16.20 4.83 prra Presidential Range-Dry River Wilderness NH 44.20 -71.34 21.15 7.49 rala Rainbow Lake Wilderness WI 46.42 -91.31 20.99 7.42
rawa Rawah Wilderness CO 40.69 -105.95 15.72 4.52 redr Red Rock Lakes MT 44.64 -111.78 15.81 4.58 redw Redwood NP CA 41.44 -124.03 16.90 5.25
romo Rocky Mountain NP CO 40.35 -105.70 15.67 4.49
roca Roosevelt Campobello International Park ME 44.85 -66.94 21.22 7.52 sagu Saguaro NM AZ 32.17 -110.61 15.35 4.28 stma Saint Marks FL 30.11 -84.15 21.54 7.67
sacr Salt Creek NM 33.60 -104.41 15.58 4.43 saga San Gabriel Wilderness CA 34.27 -117.94 15.86 4.61 sago San Gorgonio Wilderness CA 34.12 -116.84 15.74 4.54 saja San Jacinto Wilderness CA 33.75 -116.64 15.78 4.56 sape San Pedro Parks Wilderness NM 36.11 -106.81 15.63 4.47
sara San Rafael Wilderness CA 34.76 -119.81 16.03 4.72 sawt Sawtooth Wilderness ID 43.99 -115.06 15.82 4.59 scap Scapegoat Wilderness MT 47.16 -112.74 16.05 4.73 selw Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness ID 46.12 -114.86 16.09 4.76
sene Seney MI 46.25 -86.09 21.23 7.53 sequ Sequoia NP CA 36.51 -118.56 15.79 4.57 shen Shenandoah NP VA 38.47 -78.49 20.98 7.41 shro Shining Rock Wilderness NC 35.38 -82.85 21.40 7.61 sian Sierra Ancha Wilderness AZ 33.85 -110.90 15.46 4.36 sime Simeonof AK 54.91 -159.28 17.21 5.43 sips Sipsey Wilderness AL 34.32 -87.44 21.28 7.55
sowa South Warner Wilderness CA 41.31 -120.20 16.09 4.76 stmo Strawberry Mountain Wilderness OR 44.29 -118.74 16.37 4.93 supe Superstition Wilderness AZ 33.50 -111.27 15.40 4.32
swan Swanquarter NC 35.39 -76.39 20.91 7.38 syca Sycamore Canyon Wilderness AZ 35.01 -112.09 15.53 4.40 teto Teton Wilderness WY 44.04 -110.17 15.74 4.53 thro Theodore Roosevelt NP ND 46.96 -103.46 16.08 4.75 thla Thousand Lakes Wilderness CA 40.70 -121.58 16.10 4.76 thsi Three Sisters Wilderness OR 44.04 -121.91 17.01 5.31 tuxe Tuxedni AK 60.14 -152.61 16.58 5.06 ulbe UL Bend MT 47.54 -107.89 15.87 4.62 upbu Upper Buffalo Wilderness AR 36.17 -92.41 21.04 7.44 vent Ventana Wilderness CA 36.21 -121.60 16.09 4.76 viis Virgin Islands NP (b) VI 18.35 -64.74 voya Voyageurs NP MN 48.47 -92.80 20.64 7.25 wash Washakie Wilderness WY 44.10 -109.57 15.73 4.53 wemi Weminuche Wilderness CO 37.61 -107.25 15.68 4.50 weel West Elk Wilderness CO 38.75 -107.21 15.71 4.51 whpe Wheeler Peak Wilderness NM 36.57 -105.40 15.70 4.51 whmo White Mountain Wilderness NM 33.48 -105.85 15.56 4.42 wich Wichita Mountains OK 34.75 -98.65 20.60 7.23 wica Wind Cave NP SD 43.58 -103.47 15.97 4.68 wolf Wolf Island GA 31.33 -81.30 21.33 7.58 yell Yellowstone NP WY 44.63 -110.51 15.77 4.56 yobo Yolla Bolly Middle Eel Wilderness CA 40.09 -122.96 16.25 4.85 yose Yosemite NP CA 37.85 -119.54 15.81 4.58zion Zion NP UT 37.32 -113.04 15.56 4.42
(a) Values for the best and worst days are estimated from a statistical approach described in Section 2.6 of this document. (b) f(RH) values for Virgin Islands National Park were not calculated because of the limited RH data available. As such no estimates for Natural Visibility Conditions are presented at this time.Guidance for Estimating Natural Visibility Conditions Under the Regional Haze Program, EPA-454/B-03-005. September 2003.

**Best Day**

**s (dv)** **(a) Worst Day**  **s (dv)** **(a)** 3.77 11.45 2.05 7.17 2.74 7.86 2.16 7.28 2.00 7.12 1.87 6.99 2.18 7.30 1.90 7.02

1.81 6.93 1.94 7.06 2.24 7.36 1.85 6.97 3.53 11.21 3.85 11.53 1.96 7.08 3.60 11.28 1.87 6.99 2.31 7.43 3.65 11.33 1.89 7.01 3.68 11.36 1.91 7.03 2.17 7.29 1.90 7.02 3.79 11.47 1.80 6.92 1.79 6.91 3.76 11.44 2.59 7.71 2.01 7.13 2.05 7.17 2.30 7.42 2.01 7.13 2.65 7.77 3.64 11.32 1.95 7.07 2.22 7.34 1.96 7.08 2.02 7.14 3.47 11.15 1.97 7.09 1.95 7.07 1.76 6.88 2.10 7.22 2.34 7.461.83 6.95 2.44 7.56x 2.68 7.80 2.70 7.82 1.83 6.95 1.97 7.09 3.63 11.31 1.98 7.10 3.76 11.44 1.91 7.03 2.15 7.27 2.35 7.47 2.20 7.32 3.59 11.27 2.00 7.12 3.54 11.22 3.56 11.24 1.98 7.10 2.02 7.14 1.96 7.08 3.77 11.45 2.01 7.13 2.59 7.71 2.01 7.13 1.94 7.06 2.19 7.31 2.37 7.49 3.75 11.43 2.21 7.33 3.57 11.25 3.85 11.53 2.54 7.66 1.95 7.07 1.79 6.91 2.18 7.30 1.97 7.09 3.59 11.27 2.27 7.39 2.02 7.14 3.68 11.36 2.66 7.78 1.83 6.95 2.65 7.77 2.69 7.81 2.78 7.90 2.77 7.89 1.96 7.08 2.45 7.57 1.97 7.09 2.66 7.78 3.77 11.45 2.76 7.88 3.65 11.33 2.65 7.77 1.92 7.041.85 6.97 1.80 6.92 2.22 7.34 2.27 7.39 3.65 11.33 3.58 11.26 1.96 7.08 2.02 7.14 2.69 7.81 1.93 7.05 3.68 11.36 1.72 6.84 3.83 11.51 1.87 6.99 2.05 7.17 1.98 7.10 2.00 7.12 1.91 7.03 2.16 7.28 2.03 7.15 2.17 7.29 2.20 7.32 3.69 11.37 2.01 7.13 3.57 11.25 3.77 11.45 1.80 6.92 2.87 7.99 3.71 11.39 2.20 7.32 2.37 7.49 1.76 6.88 3.54 11.22 1.84 6.96 1.97 7.09 2.19 7.31 2.20 7.32 2.75 7.87 2.50 7.62 2.06 7.18 3.60 11.28 2.20 7.32

3.41 11.09 1.97 7.09 1.94 7.06 1.95 7.07 1.95 7.07 1.86 6.98 3.39 11.07 2.12 7.24 3.74 11.42 2.00 7.12 2.29 7.41 2.02 7.141.86 6.98
(a) Values for the best and worst days are estimated from a statistical approach described in Section 2.6 of this document. (b) f(RH) values for Virgin Islands National Park were not calculated because of the limited RH data available. As such no estimates for Natural Visibility Conditions are presented at this time.**Natural concentrations for best and worst 20% of day**  **s, scaled from annual concentrations B20 and W20 extinction** 
bext calculated as a check, using table A-2, "recommended" f(RH) at IMPROVE site

From Best & Worst dv check

abbr Class I Area West / East Annl Avg (Mm-1) Best Days

(Mm-1) Worst Days

(Mm-1) Annl avg b

from conc acad Acadia NP East 21.414.57904331.4244136 21.4495 agti Agua Tibia Wilderness West 15.8612.27525120.4827915 15.8815 alla Alpine Lake Wilderness West 16.9913.15214821.9460044 16.789
anac Anaconda-Pintler Wilderness West 16.0312.41102420.7093459 16.074 anad Ansel Adams Wilderness West 15.7812.21402820.3806331 15.777 arch Arches NP West 15.5812.05627320.1173996 15.568 badl Badlands NP West 16.0612.43587120.7508061 16.063 band Bandelier NM West 15.6212.09249620.1778424 15.6065 bese Bering Sea bibe Big Bend NP West 15.4811.98415219.9970566 15.568 blca Black Canyon of the Gunnison NMWest 15.6812.14096320.2587154 15.6835 boma Bob Marshall Wilderness West 16.17 12.5107120.8756852 16.2775 bosq Bosque del Apache West 15.5412.032184 20.077205 15.535 bowa Boundary Waters Canoe Area East 20.8914.23331130.6792059 20.99575 bret Breton East 21.5714.69614331.6768171 21.9115 brid Bridger Wilderness West 15.71 12.16526920.2992734 15.744 brig Brigantine East 21.0514.33329430.8947137 21.1195 brca Bryce Canyon NP West 15.5812.05627320.1173996 15.568
camo Cabinet Mountains Wilderness West 16.2712.59859221.0223276 16.3435
cacr Caney Creek Wilderness East 21.14 14.4051431.0495741 21.433 cany Canyonlands NP West 15.6 12.0804120.1576747 15.546 cape Cape Romain East 21.22 14.4484231.1428627 21.47425
care Capitol Reef NP West 15.6312.10459520.1980304 15.6285 cari Caribou Wilderness West 16.0512.42344120.7300656 16.1345
cave Carlsbad Caverns NP West 15.61 12.09249620.1778424 15.6065 chas Chassahowitzka East 21.46 14.6082331.4873253 21.796 chir Chiricahua NM West 15.4711.97217419.9770695 15.4965 chir Chiricahua Wilderness West 15.4511.96020719.9571025 15.4855 cohu Cohutta Wilderness East 21.3914.56447131.3930049 21.60625 crla Crater Lake NP West 16.7412.956338 21.619271 16.767
crmo Craters of the Moon NM West 15.812.22624820.4010239 15.8155
cuca Cucamonga Wilderness West 15.8512.27525120.4827915 15.8485 dena Denali Preserve NP West 16.27 12.58621.0013158 16.041 deso Desolation Wilderness West 15.812.22624820.4010239 15.8045 dipe Diamond Peak Wilderness West 16.84 13.0343121.7493766 16.7945 doso Dolly Sods Wilderness East 21.1314.39074231.0185401 21.268 dola Dome Land Wilderness West 15.7 12.1531120.2789843 15.7
eaca Eagle Cap Wilderness West 16.1212.48571420.8339755 16.03
eane Eagles Nest Wilderness West 15.7212.16526920.2992734 15.7165 emig Emigrant Wilderness West 15.81 12.2384820.4214352 15.8155
ever Everglades NP East 20.7714.14816730.4956818 20.74 fitz Fitzpatrick Wilderness West 15.73 12.1774420.3195828 15.7275 flto Flat Tops Wilderness West 15.7 12.1531120.2789843 15.7 gali Galiuro Wilderness West 15.411.924381 19.8973209 15.4195 gamo Gates of the Mountains Wilderness West 15.9312.33678120.5854619 15.964 gemo Gearhart Mountain Wilderness West 16.3312.63644521.0854893 16.349gila Gila Wilderness West 15.51 12.00814420.0370907 15.535

glac Glacier NP West 16.4812.763443 21.297402 16.591 glpe Glacier Peak Wilderness West 16.8813.07347121.8147227 16.756 goro Goat Rocks Wilderness West 16.9313.09964521.8583958 16.8 grca Grand Canyon NP West 15.51 12.00814420.0370907 15.546 grte Grand Teton NP West 15.74 12.1774420.3195828 15.7495 grgu Great Gulf Wilderness East 21.1 14.376359 30.987537 21.202 grsa Great Sand Dunes NM West 15.7412.18962420.3399126 15.777 grsm Great Smoky Mountains NP East 21.3914.56447131.3930049 21.52375 gumo Guadalupe Mountains NP West 15.6412.10459520.1980304 15.612 hale Haleakala NP West 16.0212.39861920.6886469 16.052 havo Hawaii Volcanoes NP West 16.3312.64908821.1065853 16.448 heca Hells Canyon Wilderness West 16.0912.46076720.7923492 16.052 herc Hercules-Glades Wilderness East 21.0314.31896830.8638345 21.202 hoov Hoover Wilderness West 15.7812.21402820.3806331 15.7825 isro Isle Royale NP East 20.91 14.24755230.7099005 20.971 jari James River Face Wilderness East 20.9614.27607530.7713817 21.11125 jarb Jarbidge Wilderness West 15.7512.18962420.3399126 15.777 jomu John Muir Wilderness West 15.8 12.2384820.4214352 15.777 jotr Joshua Tree NM West 15.7212.16526920.2992734 15.7385 joyc Joyce-Kilmer-Slickrock WildernessEast 21.414.57904331.4244136 21.57325 kais Kaiser Wilderness West 15.812.22624820.4010239 15.799 kalm Kalmiopsis Wilderness West 16.7412.956338 21.619271 16.8275 kica Kings Canyon NP West 15.7912.22624820.4010239 15.7825 laga La Garita Wilderness West 15.6912.14096320.2587154 15.6835 lavo Lassen Volcanic NP West 16.0812.44831320.7715673 16.162 labe Lava Beds NM West 16.3712.67441121.1488407 16.316 ligo Linville Gorge Wilderness East 21.3614.54991431.3616275 21.60625 lost Lostwood West 16.11 12.473234 20.813152 16.151 lybr Lye Brook Wilderness East 20.9914.29035930.8021685 21.06175
maca Mammoth Cave NP East 21.5814.69614331.6768171 21.42475
mamo Marble Mountain Wilderness West 16.6512.89171821.5114444 16.7505 mabe Maroon Bells-Snowmass Wilderness West 15.7 12.1531120.2789843 15.7165
maza Mazatzal Wilderness West 15.4411.96020719.9571025 15.4525 medi Medicine Lake West 16.0712.43587120.7508061 16.1125
meve Mesa Verde NP West 15.73 12.1774420.3195828 15.623 ming Mingo East 21.0314.31896830.8638345 21.21025 mimo Mission Mountains Wilderness West 16.21 12.54829920.9384063 16.2555 moke Mokelumne Wilderness West 15.8 12.2384820.4214352 15.8045
moos Moosehorn East 21.22 14.4484231.1428627 21.27625 moad Mount Adams Wilderness West 16.8613.04735121.7711368 16.844 moba Mount Baldy Wilderness West 15.51 12.00814420.0370907 15.513 moho Mount Hood Wilderness West 16.83 13.0343121.7493766 16.7835 moje Mount Jefferson Wilderness West 16.91 13.08655121.8365483 16.7725
mora Mount Rainier NP West 17.0513.20486222.0339643 16.976
mowa Mount Washington Wilderness West 17.0313.19166422.0119413 16.7835 mozi Mount Zirkel Wilderness West 15.71 12.16526920.2992734 15.7165 mola Mountain Lakes Wilderness West 16.512.776213 21.31871 16.514 noab North Absaroka Wilderness West 15.74 12.1774420.3195828 15.755
noca North Cascades NP West 16.8613.04735121.7711368 16.7615 okef Okefenokee East 21.41 14.57904331.4244136 21.631 olym Olympic NP West 17.0213.17847921.9899404 16.9925 otcr Otter Creek Wilderness East 21.14 14.4051431.0495741 21.32575 pasa Pasayten Wilderness West 16.84 13.0343121.7493766 16.7615 peco Pecos Wilderness West 15.6512.11670520.2182385 15.6395pefo Petrified Forest NP West 15.5412.032184 20.077205 15.535

pimo Pine Mountain Wilderness West 15.4711.97217419.9770695 15.469 pinn Pinnacles NM West 16.1212.48571420.8339755 15.986 pore Point Reyes NS West 16.212.54829920.9384063 16.2555 prra Presidential Range-Dry River Wilderness East 21.15 14.4051431.0495741 21.301 rala Rainbow Lake Wilderness East 20.9914.30465630.8329861 18.1
rawa Rawah Wilderness West 15.7212.16526920.2992734 15.722 redr Red Rock Lakes West 15.81 12.2384820.4214352 15.8155 redw Redwood NP West 16.913.08655121.8365483 17.174
romo Rocky Mountain NP West 15.6712.12882820.2384668 15.6395
roca Roosevelt Campobello International Park East 21.22 14.4484231.1428627 21.2845 sagu Saguaro NM West 15.3511.87677819.8178906 15.37 stma Saint Marks East 21.54 14.6667831.6135268 21.8455
sacr Salt Creek West 15.5812.05627320.1173996 15.5845 saga San Gabriel Wilderness West 15.8612.27525120.4827915 15.8705 sago San Gorgonio Wilderness West 15.7412.18962420.3399126 15.8155 saja San Jacinto Wilderness West 15.7812.21402820.3806331 15.8155 sape San Pedro Parks Wilderness West 15.6312.10459520.1980304 15.612
sara San Rafael Wilderness West 16.0312.41102420.7093459 16.0245 sawt Sawtooth Wilderness West 15.8212.25072520.4418668 15.854 scap Scapegoat Wilderness West 16.0512.42344120.7300656 16.0905 selw Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness West 16.0912.46076720.7923492 16.107
sene Seney East 21.2314.46287631.1740212 21.367 sequ Sequoia NP West 15.7912.22624820.4010239 15.744 shen Shenandoah NP East 20.9814.29035930.8021685 21.25975 shro Shining Rock Wilderness East 21.414.57904331.4244136 21.62275 sian Sierra Ancha Wilderness West 15.4611.97217419.9770695 15.4635 sime Simeonof West 17.21 13.324242 22.233165 17.1795 sips Sipsey Wilderness East 21.2814.49183131.2364316 21.499
sowa South Warner Wilderness West 16.0912.46076720.7923492 16.074 stmo Strawberry Mountain WildernessWest 16.3712.67441121.1488407 16.2445 supe Superstition Wilderness West 15.411.924381 19.8973209 15.447
swan Swanquarter East 20.91 14.24755230.7099005 21.06175 syca Sycamore Canyon Wilderness West 15.5312.02015820.0571379 15.7385 teto Teton Wilderness West 15.74 12.1774420.3195828 15.7495 thro Theodore Roosevelt NP West 16.0812.44831320.7715673 16.0685 thla Thousand Lakes Wilderness West 16.1 12.46076720.7923492 16.162 thsi Three Sisters Wilderness West 17.01 13.16530721.9679614 16.7945 tuxe Tuxedni West 16.5812.84025421.4255705 16.591 ulbe UL Bend West 15.8712.28753220.5032845 15.9035 upbu Upper Buffalo Wilderness East 21.0414.33329430.8947137 21.301 vent Ventana Wilderness West 16.0912.46076720.7923492 16.041 viis Virgin Islands NP (b) voya Voyageurs NP East 20.6414.06353230.3132555 20.78125 wash Washakie Wilderness West 15.73 12.1774420.3195828 15.744 wemi Weminuche Wilderness West 15.6812.14096320.2587154 15.645 weel West Elk Wilderness West 15.71 12.1531120.2789843 15.6945 whpe Wheeler Peak Wilderness West 15.7 12.1531120.2789843 15.7 whmo White Mountain Wilderness West 15.5612.04422320.0972923 15.557 wich Wichita Mountains East 20.614.03543330.2526896 20.707 wica Wind Cave NP West 15.9712.361479 20.626674 15.997 wolf Wolf Island East 21.3314.53537231.3302816 21.57325 yell Yellowstone NP West 15.7712.21402820.3806331 15.7935 yobo Yolla Bolly Middle Eel WildernessWest 16.25 12.57342 20.980325 16.338 yose Yosemite NP West 15.81 12.2384820.4214352 15.854zion Zion NP West 15.5612.04422320.0972923 15.5625**From Table 2-1**  Ammonium

sulfate Ammonium

nitrate Organic

carbon Elemental

carbon Soil Coarse Mass West conc. 0.12 0.1 0.47 0.02 0.5 3 East conc. 0.23 0.1 1.4 0.02 0.5 3 dry ext. eff. 3 3 4 10 1 0.6



### Best 20% days concentrations Scaled from annual by (b_B20 - 10) / (b_Ann - 10) check (Best-10) / (Avg-10) Ammonium

sulfate Ammonium

nitrate Organic

carbon Elemental

carbon Soil Coarse Mass b 0.4016704 0.092 0.040 0.562 0.008 0.201 1.205 14.586 0.388268 0.047 0.039 0.182 0.008 0.194 1.165 12.277 0.4509511 0.054 0.045 0.212 0.009 0.225 1.353 13.248 0.3998381 0.048 0.040 0.188 0.008 0.200 1.200 12.426 0.3830498 0.046 0.038 0.180 0.008 0.192 1.149 12.228 0.3685077 0.044 0.037 0.173 0.007 0.184 1.106 12.044 0.4019589 0.048 0.040 0.189 0.008 0.201 1.206 12.459 0.3723302 0.045 0.037 0.175 0.007 0.186 1.117 12.090

0.3620715 0.043 0.036 0.170 0.007 0.181 1.086 11.980 0.3769301 0.045 0.038 0.177 0.008 0.188 1.131 12.140 0.4069222 0.049 0.041 0.191 0.008 0.203 1.221 12.490 0.3668203 0.044 0.037 0.172 0.007 0.183 1.100 12.030 0.3887338 0.089 0.039 0.544 0.008 0.194 1.166 14.236 0.4058896 0.093 0.041 0.568 0.008 0.203 1.218 14.691 0.3792065 0.046 0.038 0.178 0.008 0.190 1.138 12.178 0.3921533 0.090 0.039 0.549 0.008 0.196 1.176 14.328 0.3685077 0.044 0.037 0.173 0.007 0.184 1.106 12.054 0.4144485 0.050 0.041 0.195 0.008 0.207 1.243 12.590 0.3954345 0.091 0.040 0.554 0.008 0.198 1.186 14.410 0.3715017 0.045 0.037 0.175 0.007 0.186 1.115 12.060 0.3964724 0.091 0.040 0.555 0.008 0.198 1.189 14.448 0.3738179 0.045 0.037 0.176 0.007 0.187 1.121 12.106 0.4005688 0.048 0.040 0.188 0.008 0.200 1.202 12.446 0.3729939 0.045 0.037 0.175 0.007 0.186 1.119 12.103 0.4021143 0.092 0.040 0.563 0.008 0.201 1.206 14.607 0.3605436 0.043 0.036 0.169 0.007 0.180 1.082 11.968 0.3596711 0.043 0.036 0.169 0.007 0.180 1.079 11.963 0.4007438 0.092 0.040 0.561 0.008 0.200 1.202 14.568 0.4386258 0.053 0.044 0.206 0.009 0.219 1.316 12.959 0.3838358 0.046 0.038 0.180 0.008 0.192 1.152 12.230 0.3889317 0.047 0.039 0.183 0.008 0.194 1.167 12.292 0.4124402 0.049 0.041 0.194 0.008 0.206 1.237 12.482 0.3838358 0.046 0.038 0.180 0.008 0.192 1.152 12.228 0.4436125 0.053 0.044 0.208 0.009 0.222 1.331 12.992 0.3944961 0.091 0.039 0.552 0.008 0.197 1.183 14.390 0.3777386 0.045 0.038 0.178 0.008 0.189 1.133 12.159 0.4061624 0.049 0.041 0.191 0.008 0.203 1.218 12.623 0.3785435 0.045 0.038 0.178 0.008 0.189 1.136 12.160 0.3852806 0.046 0.039 0.181 0.008 0.193 1.156 12.238 0.3851594 0.089 0.039 0.539 0.008 0.193 1.155 14.098 0.3800071 0.046 0.038 0.179 0.008 0.190 1.140 12.183 0.3777386 0.045 0.038 0.178 0.008 0.189 1.133 12.155 0.3563668 0.043 0.036 0.167 0.007 0.178 1.069 11.945 0.3940608 0.047 0.039 0.185 0.008 0.197 1.182 12.339 0.4165 0.050 0.042 0.196 0.008 0.208 1.249 12.8090.3644545 0.044 0.036 0.171 0.007 0.182 1.093 12.009 0.4264573 0.051 0.043 0.200 0.009 0.213 1.279 12.762 0.4467255 0.054 0.045 0.210 0.009 0.223 1.340 13.062 0.4472791 0.054 0.045 0.210 0.009 0.224 1.342 13.103 0.3644545 0.044 0.036 0.171 0.007 0.182 1.093 12.035 0.379345 0.046 0.038 0.178 0.008 0.190 1.138 12.187 0.3942665 0.091 0.039 0.552 0.008 0.197 1.183 14.371 0.3814676 0.046 0.038 0.179 0.008 0.191 1.144 12.200 0.4007438 0.092 0.040 0.561 0.008 0.200 1.202 14.578 0.3731551 0.045 0.037 0.175 0.007 0.187 1.119 12.104 0.3984417 0.048 0.040 0.187 0.008 0.199 1.195 12.400 0.4184973 0.050 0.042 0.197 0.008 0.209 1.255 12.657 0.4040669 0.048 0.040 0.190 0.008 0.202 1.212 12.414 0.3915655 0.090 0.039 0.548 0.008 0.196 1.175 14.322 0.3830498 0.046 0.038 0.180 0.008 0.192 1.149 12.211 0.3893265 0.090 0.039 0.545 0.008 0.195 1.168 14.303 0.3901529 0.090 0.039 0.546 0.008 0.195 1.170 14.293 0.3808042 0.046 0.038 0.179 0.008 0.190 1.142 12.194 0.3859448 0.046 0.039 0.181 0.008 0.193 1.158 12.244 0.3785435 0.045 0.038 0.178 0.008 0.189 1.136 12.166 0.4016704 0.092 0.040 0.562 0.008 0.201 1.205 14.589 0.3838358 0.046 0.038 0.180 0.008 0.192 1.152 12.232 0.4386258 0.053 0.044 0.206 0.009 0.219 1.316 12.968 0.3844987 0.046 0.038 0.181 0.008 0.192 1.153 12.234 0.3762676 0.045 0.038 0.177 0.008 0.188 1.129 12.136 0.402683 0.048 0.040 0.189 0.008 0.201 1.208 12.459 0.4198448 0.050 0.042 0.197 0.008 0.210 1.260 12.659 0.4005206 0.092 0.040 0.561 0.008 0.200 1.202 14.556 0.4047847 0.049 0.040 0.190 0.008 0.202 1.214 12.479 0.3903875 0.090 0.039 0.547 0.008 0.195 1.171 14.296 0.4055391 0.093 0.041 0.568 0.008 0.203 1.217 14.700 0.4348448 0.052 0.043 0.204 0.009 0.217 1.305 12.792 0.3777386 0.045 0.038 0.178 0.008 0.189 1.133 12.155 0.3603323 0.043 0.036 0.169 0.007 0.180 1.081 11.975 0.4012967 0.048 0.040 0.189 0.008 0.201 1.204 12.437 0.3800071 0.046 0.038 0.179 0.008 0.190 1.140 12.176 0.3915655 0.090 0.039 0.548 0.008 0.196 1.175 14.328 0.4103541 0.049 0.041 0.193 0.008 0.205 1.231 12.511 0.3859448 0.046 0.039 0.181 0.008 0.193 1.158 12.240 0.3964724 0.091 0.040 0.555 0.008 0.198 1.189 14.451 0.4442202 0.053 0.044 0.209 0.009 0.222 1.333 13.082 0.3644545 0.044 0.036 0.171 0.007 0.182 1.093 12.015 0.444262 0.053 0.044 0.209 0.009 0.222 1.333 13.036 0.4466789 0.054 0.045 0.210 0.009 0.223 1.340 13.163 0.4545904 0.055 0.045 0.214 0.009 0.227 1.364 13.334 0.4540062 0.054 0.045 0.213 0.009 0.227 1.362 13.215 0.3792065 0.046 0.038 0.178 0.008 0.190 1.138 12.164 0.4271097 0.051 0.043 0.201 0.009 0.214 1.281 12.881 0.379345 0.046 0.038 0.178 0.008 0.190 1.138 12.173 0.4442202 0.053 0.044 0.209 0.009 0.222 1.333 13.045 0.4013184 0.092 0.040 0.562 0.008 0.201 1.204 14.582 0.4527747 0.054 0.045 0.213 0.009 0.226 1.358 13.086 0.3954345 0.091 0.040 0.554 0.008 0.198 1.186 14.400 0.4436125 0.053 0.044 0.208 0.009 0.222 1.331 13.024 0.3746381 0.045 0.037 0.176 0.007 0.187 1.124 12.1370.3668203 0.044 0.037 0.172 0.007 0.183 1.100 12.028 0.3605436 0.043 0.036 0.169 0.007 0.180 1.082 11.976 0.4061624 0.049 0.041 0.191 0.008 0.203 1.218 12.487 0.4110159 0.049 0.041 0.193 0.008 0.206 1.233 12.553 0.3950798 0.091 0.040 0.553 0.008 0.198 1.185 14.380 0.3916885 0.090 0.039 0.548 0.008 0.196 1.175 13.173 0.3785435 0.045 0.038 0.178 0.008 0.189 1.136 12.160 0.3852806 0.046 0.039 0.181 0.008 0.193 1.156 12.222 0.4473263 0.054 0.045 0.210 0.009 0.224 1.342 13.066 0.3754547 0.045 0.038 0.176 0.008 0.188 1.126 12.136 0.3964724 0.091 0.040 0.555 0.008 0.198 1.189 14.451 0.3507997 0.042 0.035 0.165 0.007 0.175 1.052 11.874 0.4044004 0.093 0.040 0.566 0.008 0.202 1.213 14.667 0.3685077 0.044 0.037 0.173 0.007 0.184 1.106 12.046 0.388268 0.047 0.039 0.182 0.008 0.194 1.165 12.288 0.3814676 0.046 0.038 0.179 0.008 0.191 1.144 12.189 0.3830498 0.046 0.038 0.180 0.008 0.192 1.149 12.198 0.3738179 0.045 0.037 0.176 0.007 0.187 1.121 12.106 0.3998381 0.048 0.040 0.188 0.008 0.200 1.200 12.442 0.3867225 0.046 0.039 0.182 0.008 0.193 1.160 12.262 0.4005688 0.048 0.040 0.188 0.008 0.200 1.202 12.451 0.4040669 0.048 0.040 0.190 0.008 0.202 1.212 12.452 0.3974066 0.091 0.040 0.556 0.008 0.199 1.192 14.468 0.3844987 0.046 0.038 0.181 0.008 0.192 1.153 12.234 0.3907431 0.090 0.039 0.547 0.008 0.195 1.172 14.306 0.4016704 0.092 0.040 0.562 0.008 0.201 1.205 14.582 0.361204 0.043 0.036 0.170 0.007 0.181 1.084 11.981 0.4610599 0.055 0.046 0.217 0.009 0.231 1.383 13.325 0.3982119 0.092 0.040 0.557 0.008 0.199 1.195 14.490 0.4040669 0.048 0.040 0.190 0.008 0.202 1.212 12.559 0.4198448 0.050 0.042 0.197 0.008 0.210 1.260 12.712 0.3563668 0.043 0.036 0.167 0.007 0.178 1.069 11.937 0.3893265 0.090 0.039 0.545 0.008 0.195 1.168 14.255 0.3653089 0.044 0.037 0.172 0.007 0.183 1.096 12.054 0.379345 0.046 0.038 0.178 0.008 0.190 1.138 12.187 0.402683 0.048 0.040 0.189 0.008 0.201 1.208 12.448 0.4034045 0.048 0.040 0.190 0.008 0.202 1.210 12.464 0.4515416 0.054 0.045 0.212 0.009 0.226 1.355 13.197 0.4316496 0.052 0.043 0.203 0.009 0.216 1.295 12.847 0.3896988 0.047 0.039 0.183 0.008 0.195 1.169 12.286 0.3925085 0.090 0.039 0.550 0.008 0.196 1.178 14.345 0.4040669 0.048 0.040 0.190 0.008 0.202 1.212 12.474

0.3819109 0.088 0.038 0.535 0.008 0.191 1.146 14.061 0.3800071 0.046 0.038 0.179 0.008 0.190 1.140 12.176 0.3769301 0.045 0.038 0.177 0.008 0.188 1.131 12.140 0.377077 0.045 0.038 0.177 0.008 0.189 1.131 12.151 0.3777386 0.045 0.038 0.178 0.008 0.189 1.133 12.155 0.3676659 0.044 0.037 0.173 0.007 0.184 1.103 12.041 0.3807013 0.088 0.038 0.533 0.008 0.190 1.142 14.045 0.3955576 0.047 0.040 0.186 0.008 0.198 1.187 12.361 0.4002976 0.092 0.040 0.560 0.008 0.200 1.201 14.570 0.3837136 0.046 0.038 0.180 0.008 0.192 1.151 12.212 0.4117473 0.049 0.041 0.194 0.008 0.206 1.235 12.644 0.3852806 0.046 0.039 0.181 0.008 0.193 1.156 12.2380.3676659 0.044 0.037 0.173 0.007 0.184 1.103 12.045

### Worst 20% days concentrations Scaled from annual by (b_W20 - 10) / (b_Ann - 10)

dv b calc vs.

table (Worst-10) / (Avg-10) Ammonium

sulfate Ammonium

nitrate Organic

carbon Elemental

carbon Soil 3.775 0.05% 1.8793345 0.432 0.188 2.631 0.038 0.940 2.052 0.02% 1.7888723 0.215 0.179 0.841 0.036 0.894 2.812 0.73% 1.7090135 0.205 0.171 0.803 0.034 0.855 2.172 0.12% 1.7760109 0.213 0.178 0.835 0.036 0.888 2.011 0.11% 1.7959573 0.216 0.180 0.844 0.036 0.898 1.860 -0.10% 1.8131541 0.218 0.181 0.852 0.036 0.907 2.199 0.19% 1.7740604 0.213 0.177 0.834 0.035 0.887 1.898 -0.02% 1.811004 0.217 0.181 0.851 0.036 0.906

1.807 -0.03% 1.8242804 0.219 0.182 0.857 0.036 0.912 1.939 -0.01% 1.8061119 0.217 0.181 0.849 0.036 0.903 2.223 -0.17% 1.7626718 0.212 0.176 0.828 0.035 0.881 1.848 -0.02% 1.8189901 0.218 0.182 0.855 0.036 0.909 3.532 0.02% 1.898917 0.437 0.190 2.658 0.038 0.949 3.846 -0.04% 1.8735365 0.431 0.187 2.623 0.037 0.937 1.971 0.11% 1.8037256 0.216 0.180 0.848 0.036 0.902 3.596 -0.04% 1.8909243 0.435 0.189 2.647 0.038 0.945 1.868 -0.02% 1.8131541 0.218 0.181 0.852 0.036 0.907 2.303 -0.07% 1.757947 0.211 0.176 0.826 0.035 0.879 3.653 0.03% 1.8895488 0.435 0.189 2.645 0.038 0.945 1.873 -0.17% 1.8138705 0.218 0.181 0.853 0.036 0.907 3.680 0.00% 1.8843906 0.433 0.188 2.638 0.038 0.942 1.911 0.01% 1.8113731 0.217 0.181 0.851 0.036 0.906 2.188 0.18% 1.7735646 0.213 0.177 0.834 0.035 0.887 1.909 0.09% 1.8142322 0.218 0.181 0.853 0.036 0.907 3.789 -0.01% 1.8749848 0.431 0.187 2.625 0.037 0.937 1.796 -0.04% 1.8239615 0.219 0.182 0.857 0.036 0.912 1.792 0.02% 1.8269913 0.219 0.183 0.859 0.037 0.913 3.763 0.03% 1.8782269 0.432 0.188 2.630 0.038 0.939 2.592 0.02% 1.7239274 0.207 0.172 0.810 0.034 0.862 2.013 0.03% 1.79328 0.215 0.179 0.843 0.036 0.897 2.063 0.13% 1.7919302 0.215 0.179 0.842 0.036 0.896 2.217 -0.82% 1.7545958 0.211 0.175 0.825 0.035 0.877 2.011 0.01% 1.79328 0.215 0.179 0.843 0.036 0.897 2.618 -0.32% 1.7177451 0.206 0.172 0.807 0.034 0.859 3.639 -0.01% 1.8884582 0.434 0.189 2.644 0.038 0.944 1.955 0.05% 1.8033306 0.216 0.180 0.848 0.036 0.902 2.330 1.10% 1.7702574 0.212 0.177 0.832 0.035 0.885 1.955 -0.05% 1.8005723 0.216 0.180 0.846 0.036 0.900 2.020 0.00% 1.7937066 0.215 0.179 0.843 0.036 0.897 3.435 -0.35% 1.9030345 0.438 0.190 2.664 0.038 0.952 1.974 0.04% 1.8009743 0.216 0.180 0.846 0.036 0.900 1.952 0.02% 1.8033306 0.216 0.180 0.848 0.036 0.902 1.777 0.17% 1.8328372 0.220 0.183 0.861 0.037 0.916 2.102 0.02% 1.7850695 0.214 0.179 0.839 0.036 0.893 2.476 1.37% 1.7512621 0.210 0.175 0.823 0.035 0.8761.831 0.01% 1.8216136 0.219 0.182 0.856 0.036 0.911

2.438 -0.02% 1.7434262 0.209 0.174 0.819 0.035 0.872 2.671 -0.09% 1.7172562 0.206 0.172 0.807 0.034 0.859 2.703 0.03% 1.7111682 0.205 0.171 0.804 0.034 0.856 1.853 0.23% 1.8216136 0.219 0.182 0.856 0.036 0.911 1.978 0.08% 1.7978367 0.216 0.180 0.845 0.036 0.899 3.626 -0.04% 1.8907691 0.435 0.189 2.647 0.038 0.945 1.988 0.08% 1.8013785 0.216 0.180 0.847 0.036 0.901 3.770 0.10% 1.8782269 0.432 0.188 2.630 0.038 0.939 1.910 0.00% 1.8081614 0.217 0.181 0.850 0.036 0.904 2.151 0.01% 1.7755227 0.213 0.178 0.834 0.036 0.888 2.356 0.06% 1.7545948 0.211 0.175 0.825 0.035 0.877 2.163 -0.37% 1.7721427 0.213 0.177 0.833 0.035 0.886 3.592 0.02% 1.8915534 0.435 0.189 2.648 0.038 0.946 1.997 -0.03% 1.7959573 0.216 0.180 0.844 0.036 0.898 3.579 0.39% 1.8982494 0.437 0.190 2.658 0.038 0.949 3.572 0.12% 1.8951991 0.436 0.190 2.653 0.038 0.948 1.983 0.03% 1.7982457 0.216 0.180 0.845 0.036 0.899 2.025 0.05% 1.7967992 0.216 0.180 0.844 0.036 0.898 1.961 0.01% 1.8005723 0.216 0.180 0.846 0.036 0.900 3.777 0.07% 1.8793345 0.432 0.188 2.631 0.038 0.940 2.015 0.05% 1.79328 0.215 0.179 0.843 0.036 0.897 2.599 0.09% 1.7239274 0.207 0.172 0.810 0.034 0.862 2.016 0.06% 1.7963772 0.216 0.180 0.844 0.036 0.898 1.936 -0.04% 1.8029377 0.216 0.180 0.847 0.036 0.901 2.199 0.09% 1.7716394 0.213 0.177 0.833 0.035 0.886 2.358 -0.12% 1.7502105 0.210 0.175 0.823 0.035 0.875 3.754 0.04% 1.880425 0.432 0.188 2.633 0.038 0.940 2.214 0.04% 1.7697466 0.212 0.177 0.832 0.035 0.885 3.574 0.04% 1.892827 0.435 0.189 2.650 0.038 0.946 3.853 0.03% 1.8719186 0.431 0.187 2.621 0.037 0.936 2.462 -0.77% 1.7310443 0.208 0.173 0.814 0.035 0.866 1.952 0.02% 1.8033306 0.216 0.180 0.848 0.036 0.902 1.802 0.12% 1.8303497 0.220 0.183 0.860 0.037 0.915 2.181 0.01% 1.7711377 0.213 0.177 0.832 0.035 0.886 1.969 -0.01% 1.8009743 0.216 0.180 0.846 0.036 0.900 3.596 0.06% 1.8915534 0.435 0.189 2.648 0.038 0.946 2.240 -0.30% 1.7614181 0.211 0.176 0.828 0.035 0.881 2.021 0.01% 1.7967992 0.216 0.180 0.844 0.036 0.898 3.682 0.02% 1.8843906 0.433 0.188 2.638 0.038 0.942 2.686 0.26% 1.7159092 0.206 0.172 0.806 0.034 0.858 1.836 0.06% 1.8216136 0.219 0.182 0.856 0.036 0.911 2.651 0.01% 1.7202601 0.206 0.172 0.809 0.034 0.860 2.748 0.58% 1.7129592 0.206 0.171 0.805 0.034 0.856 2.877 0.98% 1.7069453 0.205 0.171 0.802 0.034 0.853 2.787 0.17% 1.7086687 0.205 0.171 0.803 0.034 0.854 1.959 -0.01% 1.8037256 0.216 0.180 0.848 0.036 0.902 2.532 0.82% 1.74134 0.209 0.174 0.818 0.035 0.871 1.966 -0.04% 1.7978367 0.216 0.180 0.845 0.036 0.899 2.658 -0.02% 1.7159092 0.206 0.172 0.806 0.034 0.858 3.772 0.02% 1.8776874 0.432 0.188 2.629 0.038 0.939 2.690 -0.70% 1.7079687 0.205 0.171 0.803 0.034 0.854 3.647 -0.03% 1.8895488 0.435 0.189 2.645 0.038 0.945 2.642 -0.08% 1.7177451 0.206 0.172 0.807 0.034 0.859 1.937 0.17% 1.8085378 0.217 0.181 0.850 0.036 0.9041.847 -0.03% 1.8189901 0.218 0.182 0.855 0.036 0.909

1.803 0.03% 1.8239615 0.219 0.182 0.857 0.036 0.912 2.221 0.01% 1.7702574 0.212 0.177 0.832 0.035 0.885 2.274 0.04% 1.7642591 0.212 0.176 0.829 0.035 0.882 3.633 -0.17% 1.8878542 0.434 0.189 2.643 0.038 0.944 2.756 -7.91% 1.8956311 0.436 0.190 2.654 0.038 0.948 1.955 -0.05% 1.8005723 0.216 0.180 0.846 0.036 0.900 2.006 -0.14% 1.7937066 0.215 0.179 0.843 0.036 0.897 2.675 -0.15% 1.7154418 0.206 0.172 0.806 0.034 0.858 1.936 0.06% 1.8057261 0.217 0.181 0.849 0.036 0.903 3.682 0.02% 1.8843906 0.433 0.188 2.638 0.038 0.942 1.718 -0.02% 1.8351197 0.220 0.184 0.863 0.037 0.918 3.830 0.00% 1.8729226 0.431 0.187 2.622 0.037 0.936 1.861 -0.09% 1.8131541 0.218 0.181 0.852 0.036 0.907 2.060 0.10% 1.7888723 0.215 0.179 0.841 0.036 0.894 1.980 0.00% 1.8013785 0.216 0.180 0.847 0.036 0.901 1.987 -0.13% 1.7959573 0.216 0.180 0.844 0.036 0.898 1.911 0.01% 1.8113731 0.217 0.181 0.851 0.036 0.906 2.185 0.25% 1.7760109 0.213 0.178 0.835 0.036 0.888 2.039 0.09% 1.7941352 0.215 0.179 0.843 0.036 0.897 2.192 0.22% 1.7735646 0.213 0.177 0.834 0.035 0.887 2.193 -0.07% 1.7721427 0.213 0.177 0.833 0.035 0.886 3.694 0.04% 1.8854872 0.434 0.189 2.640 0.038 0.943 2.016 0.06% 1.7963772 0.216 0.180 0.844 0.036 0.898 3.581 0.11% 1.8945509 0.436 0.189 2.652 0.038 0.947 3.772 0.02% 1.8793345 0.432 0.188 2.631 0.038 0.940 1.808 0.08% 1.8273021 0.219 0.183 0.859 0.037 0.914 2.871 0.01% 1.6966942 0.204 0.170 0.797 0.034 0.848 3.709 -0.01% 1.8826624 0.433 0.188 2.636 0.038 0.941 2.278 0.79% 1.7721427 0.213 0.177 0.833 0.035 0.886 2.399 0.29% 1.7502105 0.210 0.175 0.823 0.035 0.875 1.771 0.11% 1.8328372 0.220 0.183 0.861 0.037 0.916 3.545 0.05% 1.8982494 0.437 0.190 2.658 0.038 0.949 1.868 0.28% 1.8186506 0.218 0.182 0.855 0.036 0.909 1.978 0.08% 1.7978367 0.216 0.180 0.845 0.036 0.899 2.190 0.00% 1.7716394 0.213 0.177 0.833 0.035 0.886 2.202 0.02% 1.7692376 0.212 0.177 0.832 0.035 0.885 2.774 0.24% 1.7072698 0.205 0.171 0.802 0.034 0.854 2.506 0.06% 1.7364089 0.208 0.174 0.816 0.035 0.868 2.058 -0.02% 1.7893159 0.215 0.179 0.841 0.036 0.895 3.608 0.08% 1.8926371 0.435 0.189 2.650 0.038 0.946 2.211 0.11% 1.7721427 0.213 0.177 0.833 0.035 0.886

3.408 -0.02% 1.9091406 0.439 0.191 2.673 0.038 0.955 1.969 -0.01% 1.8009743 0.216 0.180 0.846 0.036 0.900 1.939 -0.01% 1.8061119 0.217 0.181 0.849 0.036 0.903 1.949 -0.01% 1.8001724 0.216 0.180 0.846 0.036 0.900 1.952 0.02% 1.8033306 0.216 0.180 0.848 0.036 0.902 1.857 -0.03% 1.8160598 0.218 0.182 0.854 0.036 0.908 3.397 0.07% 1.9106311 0.439 0.191 2.675 0.038 0.955 2.120 0.00% 1.7800124 0.214 0.178 0.837 0.036 0.890 3.764 0.24% 1.8826374 0.433 0.188 2.636 0.038 0.941 1.999 -0.01% 1.7990699 0.216 0.180 0.846 0.036 0.900 2.346 0.56% 1.756852 0.211 0.176 0.826 0.035 0.878 2.020 0.00% 1.7937066 0.215 0.179 0.843 0.036 0.8971.861 0.01% 1.8160598 0.218 0.182 0.854 0.036 0.908check

Coarse Mass b dv b calc vs. table 5.638 31.455 11.460 0.10% 5.367 20.492 7.174 0.04% 5.127 22.307 8.023 1.65% 5.328 20.778 7.313 0.33% 5.388 20.444 7.151 0.31% 5.439 20.056 6.959 -0.31% 5.322 20.854 7.349 0.50% 5.433 20.163 7.013 -0.07%

5.473 19.977 6.920 -0.10% 5.418 20.255 7.058 -0.02% 5.288 20.784 7.316 -0.44% 5.457 20.068 6.965 -0.05% 5.697 30.692 11.214 0.04% 5.621 31.652 11.522 -0.08% 5.411 20.361 7.110 0.30% 5.673 30.870 11.272 -0.08% 5.439 20.106 6.984 -0.06% 5.274 20.987 7.413 -0.17% 5.669 31.073 11.338 0.08% 5.442 20.060 6.961 -0.49% 5.653 31.140 11.359 -0.01% 5.434 20.205 7.034 0.04% 5.321 20.831 7.339 0.49% 5.443 20.231 7.046 0.27% 5.625 31.483 11.469 -0.01% 5.472 19.955 6.909 -0.11% 5.481 19.972 6.917 0.07% 5.635 31.412 11.446 0.06% 5.172 21.628 7.714 0.04% 5.380 20.419 7.139 0.09% 5.376 20.559 7.207 0.37% 5.264 20.561 7.208 -2.10% 5.380 20.409 7.134 0.04% 5.153 21.586 7.695 -0.75% 5.665 31.014 11.319 -0.01% 5.410 20.309 7.085 0.15% 5.311 21.434 7.624 2.88% 5.402 20.273 7.067 -0.13% 5.381 20.421 7.140 0.00% 5.709 30.250 11.069 -0.81% 5.403 20.345 7.102 0.12% 5.410 20.289 7.075 0.05% 5.499 20.004 6.933 0.53% 5.355 20.597 7.226 0.06% 5.254 21.812 7.799 3.45%5.465 20.043 6.953 0.03%

5.230 21.290 7.556 -0.04% 5.152 21.772 7.780 -0.20% 5.134 21.871 7.826 0.06% 5.465 20.173 7.018 0.68% 5.394 20.366 7.113 0.23% 5.672 30.962 11.302 -0.08% 5.404 20.387 7.123 0.23% 5.635 31.458 11.461 0.21% 5.424 20.197 7.030 0.00% 5.327 20.697 7.274 0.04% 5.264 21.140 7.486 0.16% 5.316 20.589 7.222 -0.98% 5.675 30.877 11.274 0.04% 5.388 20.365 7.113 -0.07% 5.695 30.982 11.308 0.89% 5.686 30.855 11.267 0.27% 5.395 20.359 7.109 0.09% 5.390 20.449 7.154 0.14% 5.402 20.303 7.082 0.02% 5.638 31.471 11.465 0.15% 5.380 20.429 7.144 0.14% 5.172 21.666 7.732 0.22% 5.389 20.437 7.148 0.18% 5.409 20.237 7.049 -0.11% 5.315 20.819 7.333 0.23% 5.251 21.083 7.459 -0.31% 5.641 31.390 11.439 0.09% 5.309 20.837 7.341 0.11% 5.678 30.829 11.259 0.09% 5.616 31.695 11.536 0.06% 5.193 21.114 7.474 -1.85% 5.410 20.289 7.075 0.05% 5.491 20.030 6.947 0.37% 5.313 20.758 7.303 0.03% 5.403 20.315 7.088 -0.02% 5.675 30.908 11.284 0.14% 5.284 20.776 7.312 -0.77% 5.390 20.430 7.144 0.04% 5.653 31.156 11.364 0.04% 5.148 21.904 7.841 0.61% 5.465 20.073 6.968 0.18% 5.161 21.755 7.772 0.02% 5.139 22.129 7.943 1.34% 5.121 22.518 8.117 2.20% 5.126 22.098 7.929 0.39% 5.411 20.291 7.076 -0.04% 5.224 21.745 7.768 2.00% 5.394 20.297 7.079 -0.11% 5.148 21.763 7.776 -0.04% 5.633 31.437 11.454 0.04% 5.124 21.642 7.721 -1.58% 5.669 31.026 11.323 -0.07% 5.153 21.709 7.751 -0.19% 5.426 20.319 7.090 0.50%5.457 20.058 6.960 -0.10%

5.472 19.995 6.929 0.09% 5.311 20.840 7.343 0.03% 5.293 20.959 7.400 0.10% 5.664 30.930 11.291 -0.39% 5.687 25.355 9.304 -17.77% 5.402 20.273 7.067 -0.13% 5.381 20.343 7.101 -0.39% 5.146 21.759 7.775 -0.35% 5.417 20.273 7.067 0.17% 5.653 31.156 11.364 0.04% 5.505 19.804 6.833 -0.07% 5.619 31.614 11.510 0.00% 5.439 20.066 6.964 -0.26% 5.367 20.541 7.198 0.28% 5.404 20.337 7.099 -0.01% 5.388 20.306 7.083 -0.37% 5.434 20.205 7.034 0.04% 5.328 20.846 7.346 0.66% 5.382 20.493 7.175 0.25% 5.321 20.851 7.348 0.58% 5.316 20.754 7.302 -0.18% 5.656 31.199 11.378 0.08% 5.389 20.437 7.148 0.18% 5.684 30.879 11.275 0.25% 5.638 31.440 11.455 0.05% 5.482 20.024 6.943 0.23% 5.090 22.237 7.992 0.02% 5.648 31.229 11.388 -0.02% 5.316 21.222 7.525 2.07% 5.251 21.305 7.563 0.74% 5.499 19.963 6.913 0.33% 5.695 30.747 11.232 0.12% 5.456 20.226 7.044 0.84% 5.394 20.366 7.113 0.23% 5.315 20.771 7.310 0.00% 5.308 20.805 7.326 0.06% 5.122 22.088 7.925 0.55% 5.209 21.454 7.633 0.13% 5.368 20.494 7.176 -0.04% 5.678 30.951 11.298 0.18% 5.316 20.852 7.349 0.29%

5.727 30.299 11.085 -0.05% 5.403 20.315 7.088 -0.02% 5.418 20.255 7.058 -0.02% 5.401 20.271 7.066 -0.04% 5.410 20.289 7.075 0.05% 5.448 20.082 6.972 -0.08% 5.732 30.300 11.085 0.15% 5.340 20.626 7.240 0.00% 5.648 31.493 11.472 0.52% 5.397 20.373 7.116 -0.04% 5.271 21.280 7.552 1.43% 5.381 20.421 7.140 0.00%5.448 20.102 6.982 0.02%

### Federal Land Managers’ Air Quality Related Values Workgroup (FLAG) Phase I Report (December 2000), U.S. Forest Service, National Park Service, U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service http://www.nature.nps.gov/air/Permits/flag/ http://www.nature.nps.gov/air/Pubs/pdf/flag/FlagFinal.pdf



## Particulate Aerosol Component East (μg/m3

## ) West (μg/m3

## ) Sulfates (as ammonium sulfate) 0.2 0.1 Ammonium Nitrate 0.1 0.1 Organics 1.5 0.5 Elemental Carbon 0.02 0.02 Soil Dust 0.5 0.5 Coarse 3.0 3.0
Taken from NAPAP 1990. West refers to those States beyond the first tier of States west of the Mississippi River. Table 2.B-2 Estimated Annual Average Natural Background Levels of Aerosols Annual Average Concentration

### Federal Land Managers’ Air Quality Related Values Workgroup (FLAG) Phase I Report (December 2000), U.S. Forest Service, National Park Service, U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service

### not a complete list of IMPROVE sites

Class I area abbreviation --> area name, IMPROVE site code & name IMPROVE site code --> site name, Class I area abbreviation & name

**abbr Class I Area**  **Site Name Code**  **Site St Code**  **Site Name** acad Acadia Acadia ACAD1 ME ACAD1 Acadia agti Agua Tibia Agua Tibia AGTI1 CA AGTI1 Agua Tibia alla Alpine Lakes Snoqualmie PassSNPA1 WA BADL1 Badlands

anac Anaconda - Pintler Sula SULA1 MT BALD1 Mount Baldy anad Ansel Adams Kaiser KAIS1 CA BAND1 Bandelier arch Arches Canyonlands CANY1 UT BIBE1 Big Bend badl Badlands Badlands BADL1 SD BLIS1 Bliss band Bandelier Bandelier BAND1 NM BLIS1 Bliss bese Bering Sea (a) AK BOAP1 Bosque del Apache bibe Big Bend Big Bend BIBE1 TX BOWA1 Boundary Waters blca Black Canyon of the Gunnison Weminuche WEMI1 CO BRCA1 Bryce Canyon boma Bob Marshall Monture MONT1 MT BRET1 Breton bosq Bosque del Apache Bosque del Apache BOAP1 NM BRID1 Bridger bowa Boundary Waters Canoe Area Boundary WatersBOWA1 MN BRID1 Bridger brca Bryce Canyon Bryce Canyon BRCA1 UT BRIG1 Brigantine bret Breton Breton BRET1 LA CABI1 Cabinet Mountains brid Bridger Bridger BRID1 WY CACR1 Caney Creek brig Brigantine Brigantine BRIG1 NJ CANY1 Canyonlands

cacr Caney Creek Caney Creek CACR1 AR CANY1 Canyonlands

camo Cabinet Mountains Cabinet Mountains CABI1 MT CAPI1 Capitol Reef cany Canyonlands Canyonlands CANY1 UT CHAS1 Chassahowitzka cape Cape Romain Cape Romain ROMA1 SC CHIR1 Chiricahua

care Capitol Reef Capitol Reef CAPI1 UT CHIR1 Chiricahua cari Caribou Lassen VolcanicLAVO1 CA CHIR1 Chiricahua

cave Carlsbad Caverns Guadalupe Mountains GUMO1 TX COHU1 Cohutta chas Chassahowitzka ChassahowitzkaCHAS1 FL CRLA1 Crater Lake chir Chiricahua NM Chiricahua CHIR1 AZ CRLA1 Crater Lake chir Chiricahua W Chiricahua CHIR1 AZ CRLA1 Crater Lake cohu Cohutta Cohutta COHU1 GA CRLA1 Crater Lake crla Crater Lake Crater Lake CRLA1 OR CRMO1 Craters of the Moon

crmo Craters of the Moon Craters of the Moon CRMO1 ID DENA1 Denali

cuca Cucamonga San Gabriel SAGA1 CA DOME1 Dome Land dena Denali Denali DENA1 AK DOSO1 Dolly Sods deso Desolation Bliss BLIS1 CA DOSO1 Dolly Sods dipe Diamond Peak Crater Lake CRLA1 OR EVER1 Everglades dola Dome Land Dome Land DOME1 CA GAMO1 Gates of the Mountains doso Dolly Sods Dolly Sods DOSO1 WV GICL1 Gila Cliffs

eaca Eagle Cap Starkey STAR1 OR GLAC1 Glacier

eane Eagles Nest White River WHRI1 CO GRCA2 Grand Canyon, Hance emig Emigrant Yosemite YOSE1 CA GRGU1 Great Gulf

ever Everglades Everglades EVER1 FL GRGU1 Great Gulf fitz Fitzpatrick Bridger BRID1 WY GRSA1 Great Sand Dunes flto Flat Tops White River WHRI1 CO GRSM1 Great Smoky Mountains gali Galiuro Chiricahua CHIR1 AZ GRSM1 Great Smoky Mountainsgamo Gates of the Mountains Gates of the Mountains GAMO1 MT GUMO1 Guadalupe Mountains gemo Gearhart Mountain Crater Lake CRLA1 OR GUMO1 Guadalupe Mountains gila Gila Gila Cliffs GICL1 NM HALE1 Haleakala glac Glacier Glacier GLAC1 MT HAVO1 Hawaii Volcanoes glpe Glacier Peak North CascadesNOCA1 WA HECA1 Hells Canyon goro Goat Rocks White Pass WHPA1 WA HEGL1 Hercules - Glade grca Grand Canyon Grand Canyon, Hance GRCA2 AZ HOOV1 Hoover grgu Great Gulf Great Gulf GRGU1 NH IKBA1 Ike's Backbone grsa Great Sand Dunes Great Sand DunesGRSA1 CO IKBA1 Ike's Backbone grsm Great Smoky MountainsGreat Smoky Mountains GRSM1 TN ISLE1 Isle Royale grte Grand Teton Yellowstone YELL2 WY JARB1 Jarbidge gumo Guadalupe Mountains Guadalupe Mountains GUMO1 TX JARI1 James River Face hale Haleakala Haleakala HALE1 HI JOSH1 Joshua Tree havo Hawaii Volcanoes Hawaii VolcanoesHAVO1 HI KAIS1 Kaiser heca Hells Canyon Hells Canyon HECA1 OR KAIS1 Kaiser herc Hercules - Glade Hercules - GladeHEGL1 MO KAIS1 Kaiser hoov Hoover Hoover HOOV1 CA KALM1 Kalmiopsis isro Isle Royale Isle Royale ISLE1 MI LABE1 Lava Beds jarb Jarbidge Jarbidge JARB1 NV LABE1 Lava Beds jari James River Face James River FaceJARI1 VA LAVO1 Lassen Volcanic jomu John Muir Kaiser KAIS1 CA LAVO1 Lassen Volcanic jotr Joshua Tree Joshua Tree JOSH1 CA LAVO1 Lassen Volcanic joyc Joyce Kilmer - SlickrockGreat Smoky Mountains GRSM1 TN LIGO1 Linville Gorge kais Kaiser Kaiser KAIS1 CA LOST1 Lostwood kalm Kalmiopsis Kalmiopsis KALM1 OR LYBR1 Lye Brook kica Kings Canyon Sequoia SEQU1 CA MACA1 Mammoth Cave labe Lava Beds Lava Beds LABE1 CA MELA1 Medicine Lake laga La Garita Weminuche WEMI1 CO MEVE1 Mesa Verde lavo Lassen Volcanic Lassen VolcanicLAVO1 CA MING1 Mingo ligo Linville Gorge Linville Gorge LIGO1 NC MOHO1 Mount Hood lost Lostwood Lostwood LOST1 ND MONT1 Monture lybr Lye Brook Lye Brook LYBR1 VT MONT1 Monture mabe Maroon Bells - SnowmassWhite River WHRI1 CO MONT1 Monture

maca Mammoth Cave Mammoth Cave MACA1 KY MOOS1 Moosehorn

mamo Marble Mountain Trinity TRIN1 CA MOOS1 Moosehorn

maza Mazatzal Ike's Backbone IKBA1 AZ MORA1 Mount Rainier medi Medicine Lake Medicine Lake MELA1 MT MOZI1 Mount Zirkel

meve Mesa Verde Mesa Verde MEVE1 CO MOZI1 Mount Zirkel mimo Mission Mountains Monture MONT1 MT NOAB1 North Absoraka ming Mingo Mingo MING1 MO NOAB1 North Absoraka moad Mount Adams White Pass WHPA1 WA NOCA1 North Cascades moba Mount Baldy Mount Baldy BALD1 AZ NOCA1 North Cascades moho Mount Hood Mount Hood MOHO1 OR OKEF1 Okefenokee moje Mount Jefferson Three Sisters THSI1 OR OKEF1 Okefenokee moke Mokelumne Bliss BLIS1 CA OLYM1 Olympic mola Mountain Lakes Crater Lake CRLA1 OR PASA1 Pasayten

moos Moosehorn Moosehorn MOOS1 ME PEFO1 Petrified Forest

mora Mount Rainier Mount Rainier MORA1 WA PINN1 Pinnacles

mowa Mount Washington Three Sisters THSI1 OR PINN1 Pinnacles mozi Mount Zirkel Mount Zirkel MOZI1 CO PORE1 Point Reyes noab North Absaroka North Absoraka NOAB1 WY RAFA1 San Rafael

noca North Cascades North CascadesNOCA1 WA REDW1 Redwoodokef Okefenokee Okefenokee OKEF1 GA ROMA1 Cape Romain

olym Olympic Olympic OLYM1 WA ROMO1 Rocky Mountain otcr Otter Creek Dolly Sods DOSO1 WV SACR1 Salt Creek pasa Pasayten Pasayten PASA1 WA SAGA1 San Gabriel peco Pecos Wheeler Peak WHPE1 NM SAGA1 San Gabriel pefo Petrified Forest Petrified Forest PEFO1 AZ SAGO1 San Gorgonio pimo Pine Mountain Ike's Backbone IKBA1 AZ SAGO1 San Gorgonio pinn Pinnacles Pinnacles PINN1 CA SAGU1 Saguaro pore Point Reyes Point Reyes PORE1 CA SAMA1 Saint Marks prra Presidential Range - Dry River Great Gulf GRGU1 NH SAPE1 San Pedro Parks rala Rainbow Lake WI SAWT1 Sawtooth

rawa Rawah Mount Zirkel MOZI1 CO SENE1 Seney redr Red Rock Lakes Yellowstone YELL2 WY SEQU1 Sequoia redw Redwood Redwood REDW1 CA SEQU1 Sequoia

roca Roosevelt Campobello Moosehorn MOOS1 ME SHEN1 Shenandoah

romo Rocky Mountain Rocky MountainROMO1 CO SHRO1 Shining Rock

sacr Salt Creek Salt Creek SACR1 NM SIAN1 Sierra Ancha saga San Gabriel San Gabriel SAGA1 CA SIME1 Simeonof sago San Gorgonio San Gorgonio SAGO1 CA SIPS1 Sipsey sagu Saguaro Saguaro SAGU1 AZ SNPA1 Snoqualmie Pass saja San Jacinto San Gorgonio SAGO1 CA STAR1 Starkey sape San Pedro Parks San Pedro ParksSAPE1 NM STAR1 Starkey

sara San Rafael San Rafael RAFA1 CA SULA1 Sula sawt Sawtooth Sawtooth SAWT1 ID SULA1 Sula scap Scapegoat Monture MONT1 MT SWAN1 Swanquarter selw Selway - Bitterroot Sula SULA1 MT SYCA1 Sycamore Canyon

sene Seney Seney SENE1 MI THRO1 Theodore Roosevelt sequ Sequoia Sequoia SEQU1 CA THSI1 Three Sisters shen Shenandoah Shenandoah SHEN1 VA THSI1 Three Sisters shro Shining Rock Shining Rock SHRO1 NC THSI1 Three Sisters sian Sierra Ancha Sierra Ancha SIAN1 AZ TONT1 Tonto sime Simeonof Simeonof SIME1 AK TRIN1 Trinity sips Sipsey Sipsey SIPS1 AL TRIN1 Trinity

sowa South Warner Lava Beds LABE1 CA TUXE1 Tuxedni stma Saint Marks Saint Marks SAMA1 FL ULBE1 UL Bend stmo Strawberry Mountain Starkey STAR1 OR UPBU1 Upper Buffalo supe Superstition Tonto TONT1 AZ VIIS1 Virgin Islands

swan Swanquarter Swanquarter SWAN1 NC VOYA2 Voyageurs syca Sycamore Canyon Sycamore CanyonSYCA1 AZ WEMI1 Weminuche teto Teton Yellowstone YELL2 WY WEMI1 Weminuche thla Thousand Lakes Lassen VolcanicLAVO1 CA WEMI1 Weminuche thro Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt THRO1 ND WHIT1 White Mountain thsi Three Sisters Three Sisters THSI1 OR WHPA1 White Pass tuxe Tuxedni Tuxedni TUXE1 AK WHPA1 White Pass ulbe UL Bend UL Bend ULBE1 MT WHPE1 Wheeler Peak upbu Upper Buffalo Upper Buffalo UPBU1 AR WHPE1 Wheeler Peak vent Ventana Pinnacles PINN1 CA WHRI1 White River viis Virgin Islands (b) Virgin Islands VIIS1 VI WHRI1 White River voya Voyageurs Voyageurs VOYA2 MN WHRI1 White River wash Washakie North Absoraka NOAB1 WY WHRI1 White River weel West Elk White River WHRI1 CO WICA1 Wind Cave wemi Weminuche Weminuche WEMI1 CO WIMO1 Wichita Mountainswhmo White Mountain White Mountain WHIT1 NM YELL2 Yellowstone

whpe Wheeler Peak Wheeler Peak WHPE1 NM YELL2 Yellowstone wica Wind Cave Wind Cave WICA1 SD YELL2 Yellowstone wich Wichita Mountains Wichita MountainsWIMO1 OK YELL2 Yellowstone wolf Wolf Island Okefenokee OKEF1 GA YOSE1 Yosemite yell Yellowstone Yellowstone YELL2 WY YOSE1 Yosemite yobo Yolla Bolly - Middle Eel Trinity TRIN1 CA ZION1 Zion yose Yosemite Yosemite YOSE1 CA zion Zion Zion ZION1 UT

### not a complete list of IMPROVE sites IMPROVE site code --> site name, Class I area abbreviation & name

**abbr Class I Area**  **Site St** acad Acadia ME agti Agua Tibia CA badl Badlands SD moba Mount Baldy AZ band Bandelier NM bibe Big Bend TX deso Desolation CA moke Mokelumne CA bosq Bosque del Apache NM bowa Boundary Waters Canoe Area MN brca Bryce Canyon UT bret Breton LA brid Bridger WY fitz Fitzpatrick WY brig Brigantine NJ

camo Cabinet Mountains MT

cacr Caney Creek AR arch Arches UT cany Canyonlands UT

care Capitol Reef UT chas Chassahowitzka FL chir Chiricahua NM AZ chir Chiricahua W AZ gali Galiuro AZ cohu Cohutta GA crla Crater Lake OR dipe Diamond Peak OR gemo Gearhart Mountain OR mola Mountain Lakes OR

crmo Craters of the Moon ID dena Denali AK dola Dome Land CA doso Dolly Sods WV otcr Otter Creek WV

ever Everglades FL gamo Gates of the Mountains MT gila Gila NM glac Glacier MT grca Grand Canyon AZ grgu Great Gulf NH prra Presidential Range - Dry River NH grsa Great Sand Dunes CO grsm Great Smoky MountainsTN joyc Joyce Kilmer - SlickrockTNcave Carlsbad Caverns TX

gumo Guadalupe Mountains TX hale Haleakala HI havo Hawaii Volcanoes HI heca Hells Canyon OR herc Hercules - Glade MO hoov Hoover CA

maza Mazatzal AZ pimo Pine Mountain AZ isro Isle Royale MI jarb Jarbidge NV jari James River Face VA jotr Joshua Tree CA anad Ansel Adams CA jomu John Muir CA kais Kaiser CA kalm Kalmiopsis OR labe Lava Beds CA

sowa South Warner CA cari Caribou CA lavo Lassen Volcanic CA thla Thousand Lakes CA ligo Linville Gorge NC lost Lostwood ND lybr Lye Brook VT

maca Mammoth Cave KY medi Medicine Lake MT

meve Mesa Verde CO ming Mingo MO moho Mount Hood OR boma Bob Marshall MT mimo Mission Mountains MT scap Scapegoat MT

moos Moosehorn ME

roca Roosevelt Campobello ME

mora Mount Rainier WA mozi Mount Zirkel CO

rawa Rawah CO noab North Absaroka WY wash Washakie WY glpe Glacier Peak WA

noca North Cascades WA okef Okefenokee GA wolf Wolf Island GA olym Olympic WA pasa Pasayten WA pefo Petrified Forest AZ pinn Pinnacles CA vent Ventana CA pore Point Reyes CA

sara San Rafael CA redw Redwood CAcape Cape Romain SC

romo Rocky Mountain CO

sacr Salt Creek NM

cuca Cucamonga CA saga San Gabriel CA sago San Gorgonio CA saja San Jacinto CA sagu Saguaro AZ stma Saint Marks FL sape San Pedro Parks NM sawt Sawtooth ID

sene Seney MI kica Kings Canyon CA sequ Sequoia CA shen Shenandoah VA shro Shining Rock NC sian Sierra Ancha AZ sime Simeonof AK sips Sipsey AL alla Alpine Lakes WA

eaca Eagle Cap OR stmo Strawberry Mountain OR

anac Anaconda - Pintler MT selw Selway - Bitterroot MT

swan Swanquarter NC syca Sycamore Canyon AZ thro Theodore Roosevelt ND moje Mount Jefferson OR

mowa Mount Washington OR thsi Three Sisters OR supe Superstition AZ

mamo Marble Mountain CA yobo Yolla Bolly - Middle Eel CA tuxe Tuxedni AK ulbe UL Bend MT upbu Upper Buffalo AR viis Virgin Islands (b) VI voya Voyageurs MN blca Black Canyon of the Gunnison CO laga La Garita CO wemi Weminuche CO whmo White Mountain NM goro Goat Rocks WA moad Mount Adams WA peco Pecos NM whpe Wheeler Peak NM

eane Eagles Nest CO flto Flat Tops CO mabe Maroon Bells - SnowmassCO weel West Elk CO wica Wind Cave SD wich Wichita Mountains OKgrte Grand Teton WY

redr Red Rock Lakes WY teto Teton WY yell Yellowstone WY emig Emigrant CA yose Yosemite CA zion Zion UT bese Bering Sea (a) AK rala Rainbow Lake WI