# Patent

## Title
Bidirectional different speed ratio electric motor driving device with bidirectional input

## Abstract

The present invention discloses that the output end of the electric motor capable of being operated in bidirectional rotation is transmitted to the input end of different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device, and it is through the output end of the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device to further provide different directional rotating output for driving the rotating load, wherein the user can operatively control the driving input direction to provide different rotating directional different speed change ratio output in different driving input direction.

## Background
This application is a Continuation-in-Part of nonprovisional application Ser. No. 12/314,948, filed Dec. 19, 2008.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
(a) Field of the Invention
The present invention is through the power of the power source to drive the electric motor for bidirectional positive or reverse rotation via electric motor operative control device to further drive the input end of different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device and it is further through the output end of the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device to operate the different rotating directional different speed change ratio output for driving the rotating load, wherein the present invention can be applied in electric motor driven carriers such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, or electric vehicles, or electric industrial machineries, tool machineries, or various electric tools or other electric motor driven loads.
(b) Description of the Prior Art
Beside of operatively controlling the speed change of the electric motor, the bidirectional variable speed ratio driving output of conventional electric motor driving system is usually required to be accomplished by a CVT or shift-change methods, therefore the structure is complicated with high cost but poor transmission efficiency.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention discloses that the output end of the electric motor being particularly used to provide different directional rotating input is transmitted to the input end of the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device, and is through the output end of the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device to further provide different directional rotating output for driving the rotating load, wherein the user is through operatively controlling the different rotating direction of the electric motor to change the driving input direction to provide different rotating directional variable speed ratio output while in different driving input direction.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a block schematic view of basic structure of the bidirectional different speed ratio electric motor driving device with bidirectional input of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block schematic view showing the driving system application example of FIG. 1, wherein a transmission device(104) is additionally installed between the electric motor(101) and the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102).
FIG. 3 is a block schematic view showing the driving system application example of FIG. 1, wherein a transmission device(104) is additionally installed between the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) and the driven rotating load(103).
FIG. 4 is a block schematic view showing the driving system application example of FIG. 1, wherein a transmission device(104) is respectively additionally installed between the electric motor(101) and the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) as well as between the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) and the rotating load(103).
FIG. 5 is a block schematic view of basic structure of the bidirectional different speed ratio electric motor driving device with bidirectional input of the present invention installed with the electric motor(101) loading current detecting device.
FIG. 6 is a block schematic view showing the driving system application example of FIG. 5, wherein a transmission device(104) is additionally installed between the electric motor(110) and the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102).
FIG. 7 is a block schematic view showing the driving system application example of FIG. 5, wherein a transmission device(104) is additionally installed between the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) and the driven rotating load(103).
FIG. 8 is a block schematic view showing the driving system application example of FIG. 5, wherein a transmission device(104) is respectively additionally installed between the electric motor(101) and the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) as well as between the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) and the driven rotating load(103).



DESCRIPTION OF MAIN COMPONENT SYMBOLS


    100: Power supply device
    101: Electric motor
    102: Different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device
    103: Rotating load
    104: Transmission device
    109: Electric motor loading current detecting device
    110: Electric motor operative control device
    111: Input device


DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention is through the driving bidirectional positive or reverse rotation of the electric motor to drive the input end of the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device and it is further through the output end of the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device to operate the different rotating directional different speed change ratio output for driving the rotating load, wherein the present invention can be applied in electric motor driven carriers such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, or electric vehicles, or electric industrial machineries, tool machineries, or various electric tools or other electric motor driven loads.
FIG. 1 is a block schematic view of basic structure of the bidirectional different speed ratio electric motor driving device with bidirectional input of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block schematic view showing the driving system application example of FIG. 1, wherein a transmission device(104) is additionally installed between the electric motor(110) and the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102).
FIG. 3 is a block schematic view showing the driving system application example of FIG. 1, wherein a transmission device(104) is additionally installed between the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) and the driven rotating load(103).
FIG. 4 is a block schematic view showing the driving system application example of FIG. 1, wherein a transmission device(104) is respectively additionally installed between the electric motor(101) and the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) as well as between the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) and the driven rotating load(103).
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the bidirectional different speed ratio electric motor driving device with bidirectional input is through the operating signals or instructions sent by the input device(111) to allow the power of power supply device(100) via the electric motor operative control device(110) to operate the electric motor(101) for first driving rotating directional operation or the second different driving rotating directional operation, wherein the output rotating power from the output end of the electric motor(101) is transmitted to the input end of the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) directly or via the transmission device(104), thereby allowing the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device having different speed change ratio to provide different rotating directional different speed change ratio output while in different driving input direction for driving the rotating load(103) as shown in FIGS. 1 ̃4, wherein:
The electric motor(101): It is constituted by various AC or DC, brushed or brushless, synchronous or asynchronous electric power driven electric motor for unequal speed positive or reverse rotations;
The electric motor operative control device(110): It is constituted by electromechanical components or devices, or solid state electronic components or devices, or control circuits having a microprocessor and relevant software for receiving the input from an AC or DC power source of city power or a generator, or the power of power supply device(100) such as fuel cells, primary batteries, storage/discharge secondary batteries for turning on and off, and operating control the rotating direction, rotating speed and torque, as well as providing over-voltage and over-current protection for the electric motor(101);
The input device(111): It sends out signals or instructions to the electric motor operative control device(110) for turning on and off, operative controlling or setting the rotating direction, rotating speed and toque of the electric motor(101);
The input power of the first driving rotating direction and the second driving rotating direction of the electric motor(110) is used for driving the input end of the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102), wherein the rotating speeds of the first rotating direction and the second rotating direction are different;
The first driving rotating direction and second driving rotating direction are contrary to each other;
The different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102): The different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) is through receiving the different rotating direction power from the electric motor(101) directly or via the transmission device(104) to output the different rotating directional power; the internal transmission components of the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) are constituted by one or more than one transmission components of the following: 1) gear train; or 2) friction wheel train; or 3) chain and sprocket train; or 4) belt and pulley train; or 5) transmission crankshaft or wheel train; or 6) fluid transmission device; or 7) electromagnetic transmission device, wherein the speed ratio of input end to the different rotating directional output end of the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) while being driven for the different rotating direction, i.e. first driving rotating directional operation and second driving rotating directional operation, can be the same or different, or the variable speed change ratio;
The rotating load(103): It is the constant unidirectional rotating load being driven by the output end of the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) directly or via the transmission device(104).
The bidirectional different speed ratio electric motor driving device with bidirectional input is further installed with the transmission device(104) on at least one of the following locations thereof: 1) the transmission device(104) is additionally installed between the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) and the rotating load(103), or 2) the transmission device(104) is additionally installed between the electric motor(101) and the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102), or 3) the transmission devices(104) are additionally installed between the electric motor(101) and the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102), as well as between the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) and the rotating load(103);
The transmission device(104): The transmission device(104) is constituted by one or more than one transmission devices of the following: 1) various gear-type, belt-type, friction-type fixed speed ratio rotating type transmission functioning structure, or 2) the stepped or stepless variable speed device being operated manually, or by the mechanical force, or fluid force, or centrifugal force, or rotating torque or counter-rotating torque, or 3) the transmission device of operatively controllable the relative rotating directional relationships of switching between the input end and the output end, or 4) the clutch device or the single way clutch being operated manually, or by the mechanical force, or electromagnetic force, or fluid force, or centrifugal force, or rotating torque, or counter-rotating torque for connecting transmission or interrupting transmission clutch functioning structure.
FIG. 2 is a block schematic view showing the driving system application example of FIG. 1, wherein a transmission device(104) is additionally installed between the electric motor(110) and the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102).
FIG. 3 is a block schematic view showing the driving system application example of FIG. 1, wherein a transmission device(104) is additionally installed between the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) and the driven rotating load(103).
FIG. 4 is a block schematic view showing the driving system application example of FIG. 1, wherein a transmission device(104) is respectively additionally installed between the electric motor(101) and the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) as well as between the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) and the driven rotating load(103).
Aforesaid bidirectional different speed ratio electric motor driving device with bidirectional input is manually operated by the input device(111) to operatively control the rotating direction of electric motor(101) through the electric motor operative control device(110).
Besides, the bidirectional different speed ratio electric motor driving device with bidirectional input is further additionally installed with the electric motor loading current detecting device(109) to automatically switch the output speed ratio according to loading current;
FIG. 5 is a block schematic view of basic structure of the bidirectional different speed ratio electric motor driving device with bidirectional input of the present invention installed with the electric motor loading current detecting device.
FIG. 6 is a block schematic view showing the driving system application example of FIG. 5, wherein a transmission device(104) is additionally installed between the electric motor(110) and the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102).
FIG. 7 is a block schematic view showing the driving system application example of FIG. 5, wherein a transmission device(104) is additionally installed between the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) and the driven rotating load(103).
FIG. 8 is a block schematic view showing the driving system application example of FIG. 5, wherein a transmission device(104) is respectively additionally installed between the electric motor(101) and the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) as well as between the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) and the driven rotating load(103).
As shown in aforesaid FIGS. 5 ̃8, the bidirectional different speed ratio electric motor driving device with bidirectional input is further installed with the electric motor loading current detecting device(109), wherein the electric motor loading current detecting device(109) is constituted by the various reduced voltage type current detecting device, or electromagnetic inducting current detecting device, or magnetic detection type current detecting device, or heat accumulation type current detecting device to detect loading current of the electric motor(110) for feedback to the electric motor operative control device(110), when the state of the loading current of the electric motor exceeding the predetermined value, and the state exceeding the predetermined time, the signal of the electric motor loading current detecting device(109) is transmitted to the input device(110) or the electric motor operative control device(110) for changing the rotating direction of electric motor(101) to further change the speed change ratio of the different rotating speed ratio and direction output transmission device(102) thereby relatively increasing the speed reduction ratio so as to increase the output torque in the same rotating directional output to drive the load;
When the loading current of electric motor(110) is returned to drop below the predetermined value, it can be operatively controlled to return to its original status by at least one of the two methods in the following:

    
    
        1) The electric motor operative control device(110) is manually operatively controlled by the input device(111) to recover the electric motor(101) back to original rotating direction and drive the load at original speed ratio;
        2) When the current detected by the electric motor loading current detecting device(109) drops to the predetermined value, it is through the electric motor operative control device(110) to automatically select the load driving rotating speed at that time and relative to the speed ratio variation thereby allowing the electric motor(101) to provide the load with the relative output power value of driving smoothly without disruption or sudden unexpected acceleration for driving the electric motor(101) smoothly back to the original rotating direction operation;
    
    


The bidirectional different speed ratio electric motor driving device with bidirectional input is further driven in different driving directions, wherein the rotating output direction switching is achieved by allowing one of the transmission devices(104) to be constituted by the transmission device having the output rotating direction and speed change ratio mechanical switching function.
For practical application of the bidirectional different speed ratio electric motor driving device with bidirectional input, each relevant device in aforesaid embodiments of the bidirectional different speed ratio electric motor driving device with bidirectional input is first individually independent installed and then transmissionly connected, or two or more than two of the relevant devices are integrally combined.

## Claims

1. A bi-directional different-speed-ratio electric motor driving device with bi-directional input, comprising:
an electric motor having an output arranged to rotate in either of two directions;
an electric motor operative control device for the electric motor, said control device controlling at least a rotating direction of said electric motor;
an input device for providing instructions to said electric motor operative control device;
a first transmission device having a power input directly or indirectly connected to the output of said electric motor, said first transmission device having a bi-directional output and a speed change ratio that depends on a rotating direction of said power input, whereby changing a rotating direction of the electric motor changes a rotating speed of an output of the first transmission device;
a rotating load having a power input directly or indirectly connected to the output of said first transmission device,
wherein a rotating speed or torque of said power input to said load is controlled by changing a direction of said motor.

2. A bi-directional different-speed-ratio electric motor driving device with bi-directional input, as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a second transmission device connected between the output of the electric motor and the power input of the first transmission device.

3. A bi-directional different-speed-ratio electric motor driving device with bi-directional input, as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a second transmission device connected between an output of the first transmission device and the power input of the rotating load.

4. A bi-directional different-speed-ratio electric motor driving device with bi-directional input, as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a second transmission device connected between the output of the electric motor and the power input of the first transmission device, and a third transmission device connected between an output of the first transmission device and the power input of the rotating load.

5. A bi-directional different-speed-ratio electric motor driving device with bi-directional input, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first transmission device includes at least one of a gear train, friction wheel train, chain and sprocket train, belt and pulley train, transmission crankshaft, wheel train, fluid transmission device, and electromagnetic transmission device.

6. A bi-directional different-speed-ratio electric motor driving device with bi-directional input, as claimed in claim 5, wherein said first transmission device has a same speed change ratio for different rotating directions of said electric motor output.

7. A bi-directional different-speed-ratio electric motor driving device with bi-directional input, as claimed in claim 5, wherein said first transmission device has different speed change ratios that depend on said electric motor output.

8. A bi-directional different-speed-ratio electric motor driving device with bi-directional input, as claimed in claim 1, further comprising at least one additional transmission device installed between the first transmission device and either or both of the electric motor and the rotating load, wherein the second transmission device includes at least one of the following devices: (a) a gear-type, belt-type, or friction-type fixed-speed-ratio transmission device; (b) a stepped or stepless variable speed device operated manually, by mechanical force, by fluid force, by centrifugal force, or by rotating or counter-rotating torque; (c) a transmission device having an operatively controllable relative directional relationship between input and output ends; and (d) a clutch device operated manually, by mechanical force, by fluid force, by centrifugal force, or by rotating or counter-rotating torque.

9. A bi-directional different-speed-ratio electric motor driving device with bi-directional input, as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a current-detecting device for detecting an electric motor load current by detecting voltage, electromagnetic induction, a magnet field, or heat accumulation, said current-detecting device providing feedback to the electric motor operative control device,
wherein when a load current exceeds a predetermined value for a predetermined time, the electric motor operative control device changes a rotating direction of said electric motor output to a rotating direction that provides an increased electric motor output speed and increased rotating speed or torque to said power input of said load.

10. A bi-directional different-speed-ratio electric motor driving device with bi-directional input, as claimed in claim 9, wherein when the load current falls below said predetermined value, said electric motor is either manually controlled through the input device, or automatically controlled through the electric motor operative control device, to return to an original rotating direction.

11. A bi-directional different-speed-ratio electric motor driving device with bi-directional input, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first transmission device is a separate device from said electric motor.

12. A bi-directional different-speed-ratio electric motor driving device with bi-directional input, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first transmission device is integral with said electric motor.

13. A bi-directional different-speed-ratio electric motor driving device with bi-directional input, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first transmission device and a second transmission device are integral with said electric motor.