Vitaland

HealthStatistics

Health-Risk Behaviors

Among Our Nation’s Youth:

United States, 1992

Series 10

Data From the National Health

Interview Survey

No, 192

This report presents national estimates of the prevalence of selected health

risk behaviors among youth ages 12–21 years, by sex, age, Hispanic origin,

and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin, Topics include: cigarette and

other tobacco use, alcohol and other drug use, sexual experience,

HiV/AIDS education, runaway and homeless experiences, violence,

unintentional injury control, weight control, and participation in physical

activities, Data are from the 1$92 Nationai Heaith interview Survey’s Youth

Risk Behavior Survey,

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Publlc Health Service

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

National Center for Health Statistics

Hyattsvllle, Maryland

June 1995

DHHS Publlcatlon No, (PHS) 95-1520
Copyright Information

All material appearing in this reporl is in the public domain and may be

reproduced or copied withoul permission; citation as to source, however, is

appreciated.

Suggasted cltetlon

Adams PF, Schoenborn CA, Moss AJ, Warren CW, and Kann L. Health risk

behaviors among our Nation’s youth: United States, 1992. National Center for

Health Statistics. Vial Health Stat 10(1 92).

Library of Congrass-in-Publicetlon Data

Heakh-risk behaviom amoWour nation's yotih:Unit4 States, 1992/

[by Adams PF et al.].

p. cm. — (Viial and health statistics. Series 10, Data from the National

Health Survey ; no. 192) (DHHS publication; no. (PHS) 95-1520)

ISBN 0-08-406050-6

1. Health behavior in adolescenctinited Statea=Statistics.

2. Teenagers-Health risk assessment-United States-Statistics. 3. United

States—Statistics, Medical. 1.Adams, Patricia F. Il. National Center for Health

Statistics (U.S.) Ill. Series. IV. Series DHHS publication ; no. (PHS) 95-1520.

RA407.3.A346 no. 120

[RJ47.53]

362.1 ‘0973021 s-dc20 95-8593

[362.1’0630973] CIP

For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Oftice

Superintendent of Documents

Mail Stop SSOP

Washington, DC 20402-9328
National Center for Health Statistics

Jack R. Anderson, Acting Director

Jennifer H. Madans, Ph.D., Acting Deputy Director

Jacob J. Feldman, Ph.D., Associate Director for Analysis,

Epidemiology, and Health Promotion

Gail F. Fisher, Ph.D., Associate Director for Planning and

Extramural Programs

Peter L. Hurley, Associate Director for Vital and Health

Statistics Systems

Robert B. Hartford, Ph.D., Acting Associate Director for

International Statistics

Stephen E. Nieberding, Associate Director for

Management

Charles J. Rothwell, Associate Director for Data

Processing and Services

Monroe G. Sirken, Ph.D., Associate Director for Research

and Methodology

Division of Health Interview Statistics

Owen T. Thomberry, Jr., Ph.D., Director

John E. Mounts, Deputy Director for Operations

Gerry E. Hendershot, Ph.D., Assistant to the Director for

Data Analjsis and Dissemination and Acting Chiej Survey

Planning and Development Branch

Ann M. Hardy, Dr.P.H., Chiej Illness and Disability

Statistics Branch

Robert S. Krasowski, Chie$ Systems and Programming

Branch

Robert A. Wright, Chiej Utilization and Expenditure

Statistics Branch
Contents

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Household component ofthe Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Unique featuresof the Nationsl Health Interview Survey-Youth Risk Behavior Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Data collection methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Response rate and survey content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Content of this report. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Smoking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Alcohol and other drugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Sexual experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Runaway-homeless experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Violence, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Unintentional injury control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Weight control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Physical activity . . , . . . . . , , . , . , , . . . . . . . . , . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . , . . . . , . . . . . . 6

Findings . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Tobacco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Alcohol use . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . 0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Drug use andperceptions ofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Sexual experience. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

HIV/AIDSeducation at home and inschool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Runaway and homeless experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Wolence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Unintentional injury control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Weight control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Physical activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Summary and conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

List of detailed tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Appendixes

L Technical notes on methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

11. Definition of certain terms used in this report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Figures

1. Percent of youth 12-21 yeamofage whohadsmoked cigzeties hthepast 30days, bysexadagc

United States, 1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

2. Percent of current smokers 12-21 years of age who had smoked daily in the past month, by sex and age:

United States, 1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3. Percent ofyouth 12-21 yemofage who&a& dcoholin thepast 30days, bysexand age: Utited Stat=, 1992 . . . . 9

4. Percent ofyouth 12-21 years ofagewho used marijuana intiepast 30days, bysexand age United S@tes, l992... 10

...

Ill
5. Percent of never married, sexually experienced youth 14-21 years of age, by number of partners, Hispanic

origin, andrace foryouth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

6. Percent of youth 12–21 years of age who carried a weapon in the past month by type of weapon most often carried,

according to Hispanic origin and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin United States, 1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

7. Percent of youth 12–21 years of age who had gone swimming in the past year and never or rarely had an adult or

lifeguard watching, by age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin United States, 1992. . . . . . . . . 15

Symbols

--- Data not available

. . . Category not applicable

Quantityzero

* Figure does not meet standard

of reliabilityor precision

*_ Figure does not meet standard

of reliabilityor precisionand quantity

zero

*0.O Figure does not meet standard

of reliabilityor precisionand quantity

is more than zero but less than 0.05

iv
Health-Risk Behaviors

Among Our Nation’s Youth:

United States, 1992

by Patricia F.Adams, Charlotte A. Schoenborn, M.P.H.,

Abigail J. Moss, Division of Health Interview Statistics,

National Center for Health Statistics, Charles W.

Warren, Ph.D., and Laura Kann, Ph.D., National Center

for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion

Introduction

Adolescence is a period of significant life transition,

during which children cross the bridge into adulthood. Behaviors established during this period are often carried into adult

life, Health behaviors established prior to adulthood can

significantly influence health and longevity, both in the short

term and later in life. Some behaviors, such as drug use,

alcohol use, violence, and acquired immunodefiency syndrome (AIDS) can cut short a young life before chronic

diseases generally associated with “bad habits” have a chance

to take hold. If youth survive the immediate hazards of high

risk behaviors, such as drug and alcohol use, onset of these

behaviors during adolescence may increase the probability of

significant adverse health effects later in life (1,2). Some

adolescent risk-taking behaviors can also have significant

social consequences as well. A notable example of such social

consequences is unplanned pregnancies associated with sexual

activity.

A relatively small number of risk behaviors established

during youth contribute to the major health problems affecting

our country (3). Until recently, data on prevalence of these

behaviors and their possible predictors have been sparse. One

notable exception is the Monitoring the Future (MTF) Project

conducted by the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan (4,5), The MTF has been tracking smoking,

alcohol, and drug use behaviors for rdmost 20 years in

school-based settings and has contributed significantly to

increased recognition of adolescent health as an important

focus for public health policy. More recently, a number of

other adolescent health surveys have been carried out, including the National Adolescent Student Health Survey (6-9),

National Survey of Adolescent Males (10,11), and the Teenage

Attitudes and Practices Survey (TAPS) (12). Each of these has

contributed to a greater understanding of adolescent health

issues, No longer children, but not yet adults, adolescents pose

unique challenges both in terms of measurement of health and

health related behavior and in terms of strategies needed to

promote healthful habits and discourage behaviors demonstrated to have deleterious health consequences.

Studies of health outcomes of high-risk behaviors have

focused almost exclusively on adults because of the long lag

time between exposure and health outcomes for many behaviors. For example, it may be years or even decades before a

person suffers permanent consequences from smoking, alcohol

abuse, poor diet, or physical inactivity. Prevalence of chronic

diseases associated with these behaviors are low in the young

population, although physiological changes can be observed

even in the young (13). Increasingly, however, we are seeing

high-risk behaviors that do pose immediate and serious threats

to our Nation’s youth. Homicide, suicide, and alcohol-related

motor vehicle fatalities are immediate and permanent health

consequences of high-risk behaviors observed with increasing

frequency among our Nation’s young people (14). Similarly,

although exposure may not be known for 10 years or longer,

the fatal consequences of human immunodeficiency virus

(HIV)-the virus that causes AIDS-resulting from unprotected sex and shared needles are another example of the

permanent consequences of youthful risk taking (15). The

longer term health consequences of alcohol and drug use, as

well as smoking, poor eating habits, and physical inactivity are

being seen at younger and younger ages as exposure begins

earlier and earlier (16). By the time young people reach

adulthood, some have already engaged in high-risk behaviors

for many years.

Interrelationships among behaviors are of concern when

studying health behaviors in general, but particularly so when

studying adolescents. Adolescence is a period when uptake of

behaviom, both good and bad, accelerates. Understanding

relationships among and between behaviors may help health

educators and health providers in their attempts to channel

youth in a positive direction. Evidence has shown that not only

are behaviors interrelated (17–19), but some behaviors likely

serve as “gateways,” increasing the likelihood of uptake of

other behaviors (2,20,21).

Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System

Recognizing the importance of adolescent health issues

and the limited information in this area, the Centers for

Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) began development

of a comprehensive surveillance system in the late 1980’s.

The system was designed specifically to monitor adolescent

health behaviors in the U.S. population and to track progress

toward achieving health objectives for the year 2000 for

adolescents and young adults (3). For a comprehensive

discussion of the health objectives for the Year 2000, see

Healthy People 2000 (22).

1
This system, termed the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), has three components:

●

●

●

A national probability sample of high school students in

grades 9-12, conducted by CDC

State and local school-based surveys conducted by State

and local education agencies in selected communities

throughout the United States, with technical assistance

from CDC

A national, household-based interview of youth 12-21

years of age carried out as part of the 1992 Nationrd

Health Interview Survey (NHIS).

The first two components of the YRBSS began data collection

activities in 1990. Since 1991, school-based surveys have been

carried out every other year. Selected findings horn the 1990

national school-based survey have been published (23-34) as

have findings from both the 1991 national school-based survey

and selected State and local school-based surveys (35–39).

Selected findings from the household-based National Health

Interview Survey-Youth Risk Behavior Survey (NHIS-YRBS)

component of the system have also been published (40,41).

Detailed Iindings from the NHIS-YRBS are the subject of this

report.

Household component of the Youth Risk

Behavior Surveillance System

The household interview component of the YRBSS, termed

the National Health Interview Survey-Youth Risk Behavior

Survey (NHIS-YRBS), was fielded as part of the 1992 NHIS.

The NHIS is a continuous, nationwide, household interview

survey of the civilian noninstitutionalized population of the

United States, conducted by the National Center for Health

Statistics (NCHS)(42). Interviews are conducted for NCHS by

the interviewing staff of the U.S. Bureau of the Census.

Information is obtained about the health and sociodemographic characteristics of each member of the household. Each

year, special topic surveys are fielded in conjunction with the

basic NHIS. These topics change from year to year. The

NHIS-YRBS was one of the special topic surveys conducted

in 1992.

The NHIS-YRBS was a collaborative effort of the Division of Health Interview Statistics, NCHS, and the Division of

Adolescent and School Health of the National Center for

Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. The survey

was designed to complement the school-based components of

the surveillance system.

Unique features of the National Health

Interview Survey-Youth Risk Behavior

Survey

The NHIS-YIU3S was very similar to the school-based

Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, but with some important differences. First, the household survey included out-of-school

youth—an important subpopulation when studying high-risk

behavior. Approximately 22 percent of the entire NHIS-YRBS

sample (12-21 years of age) were classified as out-of-school.

2

Among school age youth (12–19 years of age) who had not

completed high school, 9 percent were classified as out-ofschool (41). Comparison of in- and out-of-school youth in the

NHIS-YRBS, revealed that youth who had left school prematurely (that is, not having graduated) exhibited higher rates of

high-risk behaviors than youth who had remained in school

(41).

Another unique feature of the NHIS-YRBS is that it

included youth as young as 12 years of age, somewhat

younger than the ages covered in the school-based surveys. In

light of evidence of early onset of many health related

behaviors (16,43), this feature adds important new information. The only questions in the NHIS-YRBS not asked of

12–13-year-old youth were those concerning sexual experiences.

The NHIS-YRBS also included youth 19-21 years of age,

an age group also not covered by the YRBSS school-based

surveys. These young adults have traditionally been included

in suNeys of adult health behavior, but their inclusion in the

NHIS-YRBS allows more direct comparison between the

health behavior patterns of these emerging adults and those of

younger adolescents.

The NHIS-YRBS can also be linked to extensive health

and demographic information for both the youth and the

youth’s family that was collected as part of the basic NHIS

household interview. Such information is not available in the

school-based surveys, which obtain information exclusively

from the youth, The NHIS-YRBS has the potential for analysis

of the relationship between youth behaviors and a variety of

other important characteristics such as parents’ educational

status, family income, urban-rural residence, poverty level,

health insurance coverage, as well as a host of health status

characteristics. Only the three background characteristics (sex,

age, and racialiHispanic seE-identification) that were obtained

in each of the YRBSS surveys, both household-based and

school-based, are shown in this report.

Data collection methodology

Based on information collected at the time of the basic

NHIS interview, a roster was prepared listing all youth 12–21

years of age and their school status. From this roster, one

in-school youth and up to two out-of-school youth from each

family were randomly selected for the NHIS-YRBS. Youth in

all NHIS sample families, including emancipated youth (that

is married youth and/or those not living with a parent or

guardian), were eligible for selection, Interviewstook place

approximately 2 months after the basic household interview,

from April 1992 through March 1993. Information was collected directly from the youth, with parentrd permission. Youth

were not asked for informed consent although they could

refuse to participate.

Data were collected using an innovative audiocassette

technology+eveloped in collaboration with researchers at

University of Michigan’s Survey Research Center (44). Extensive methodological testing was conducted during the development of the NHIS-YRBS to determine the optimal mode of

data collection. Results indicated that, due to the sensitive
nature of the questions on the NHIS-YRBS, privacy and

confidentiality would be of paramount concern to teens during

the interview. Youth indicated that they would be more likely

to answer questions honestly if the questions could not be

heard by others in the household. Further, younger teens and

those with poorer reading skills found a written questionnaire

to be difficult to complete. For these reasons, questions were

asked of teens using a personal audiocassette headset. The

voice on the audiocassette was matched to the sex of the

respondent males heard a male voice and females heard a

female voice. Each question was repeated Nice. The youth

controlled the cassette player and could stop, rewind, and

replay as often as desired. Youth recorded their answers on an

answer sheet that included only answer categories, not questions, In addition to providing privacy and being easier for

poor readem, this mode of data collection had an added benefit

of providing standardization in the asking of the questions,

eliminating the normal variations that occur when an interviewer asks the questions.

Response rate and survey content

Of the 13,789 youth identified as eligible for the NHISYRBS, 10,645 completed questionnaires, representing an estimated 77,2 percent of eligible respondents. The estimated final

response rate, including both the basic NHIS and the YRBS

(95.7 ● 77.2) was 73.9 percent.

The NHIS-YRBS questionnaire contained most of the

content areas of other YRBSS instruments, including tobacco,

alcohol, and other drug us~ intentional and unintentional

injury control; dietary behaviors; physical activity; and sexual

behavior, The only category of questions not included on the

NHIS-YRBS that were contained in the school-based surveys

were those related to suicide. These were felt to be too

sensitive for a national, household-based survey. In many

cases, the NHIS-YRBS used the same question wording as the

school-based surveys. The main exception was in questions

that addressed school-based issues, such as participation in

physical education classes. In these cases, question wording

was modified to be appropriate for a general household

sample,

Unlike the other YRBSS components that are conducted

periodically, the NHIS-YRBS was designed to collect data for

a single year. While some parts of it may be included in future

NHIS special topic surveys, there currently are no plans to

repeat the entire survey.

A brief description of the survey design, the methods used

in estimation, and general qualifications of the data obtained

from the survey are presented in appendix I. More detailed

information about the NHIS is available in Current Esti-mates,

1992 (42). For some tables, a number of questions were

combined into a summary measure in order to allow for a

more meaningful interpretation of the data. These summary

measures, along with other terms used in this report, are

defined in appendix II. The NHIS-YRBS questionnaire has

been previously published (42).

Content of this report

The data presented in this report have been weighted to be

representative of the population of youth 12–21 years of age

residing in households in the United States. Estimates of the

numbers of youth engaging in particular behaviors can be

obtained by multiplying the percents shown in tables 1-10 by

the appropriate population tables shown in appendix I. Topics

covered in this report include cigarette and other tobacco use,

alcohol use, drug use and perceptions of associated risks,

sexual experience, AIDS education, runaway and homeless

experiences, violence, unintentional injury control, weight

control, and physical activity.

In this report data are presented for youth 12–21 years of

age, according to sex, age, and Hispanic origin. Data for

non-Hispanic youth are presented separately for white and

black youth. Non-Hispanic youth of other racial designations

are not shown separately but are included in the estimates for

all youth 12–21 years of age. Data for Hispanic youth are

presented separately for three categories:

● All Hispanic

. Mexican American, which includes youth reported as

Mexican/Mexicano, Mexican American, or Chicano

. Other Hispanic, which includes youth reported as Puerto

Rican, Cuban, other Latin American, other Spanish, or

multiple Hispanic origin

While these Hispanic youth may be of any racial designation,

data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census suggest that over

90 percent of Hispanic individuals identify their race as

white (45).

Data on both race and Hispanic origin were collected in

the 1992 NHIS in more detailed categories than those presented in this report (see appendix II). However, the data in

this report could not be presented in such detail because the

numbers of youth in these categories would be too small to

allow for meaningful statistical interpretations (see appendix

I). Data for Mexican American youth are presented separately

because the numbers of Mexican American youth were sometimes sufficiently large to support separate analyses. Although

data are presented for this group separately, considerations of

statistical reliability and significance testing frequently led to

comparisons between non-Hispanic youth and all Hispanic

youth rather than the smaller, Mexican American subgroup. It

is important to note that the category “all youth 12–21” and

the two categories “all Hispanic” and “other Hispanic,” in

particular, consist of a number of race-ethnic subgroups whose

demographic, social, economic, cultural, and health profiles

are quite varied. (See appendixes I and II for more information

on the composition of the “other Hispanic” category.) Consequently the findings for these broad groups may mask important subgroup differences in health-risk behaviors. Selected

health data for individuals belonging to various racial and

Hispanic subgroups may be found in other NCHS publications

(46,47).

In almost all cases, findings for Hispanic and nonHispanic subgroups are presented for all ages (except for age

of initiation in tables 1-4). The age distributions of the various

3
Hispanic and non-Hispanic subgroups are

allowing comparisons between the groups.

similar, thereby

Although this report does not show full details on all

possible response categories, it does provide fairly detailed

information for many questions. An effort was made to present

the data in sufficient detail to allow the reader to determine

prevalence for various levels of risk. For example, youth were

asked the number of days they had had a drink of alcohol in

their lifetime. Responses are shown for six categories: never,

1–2 days, 3-9 days, 10-39 days, 4&99 days, and 100 days or

more. Using these categories, the reader can determine prevalence of drinking on 1 or more days, 3 or more days, etc. This

provides some flexibility in interpreting the data. For readers

wishing to combine the data in different ways or look at more

detailed response categories, the data are available on tape and

CD-ROM. (See appendix I for details.) In some cases, the

level of detail, shown in tables 1-10, although desirable from

the standpoint of allowing readers flexibility in determining

risk behaviors, is too detailed to be easily interpreted without

summarizing across categories. For this reason, the discussion

often focuses on summary statistics that were derived by

adding the percentages presented in the detailed tables. For

example, youth were asked, the number of times they smoked

cigarettes in the past 30 days. The percentages of youth

responding that they smoked” 1-2 days,” “3-9 days,”” 10-29

days,” and “all 30 days” were summed to arrive at an estimate

of the percent of youth who were current smokers. Due to

rounding, these estimates may be slightly dfierent from those

that would have been obtained had percents been calculated

using full frequencies. Any dillerences between the two would

be negligible and have no effect on interpretation.

Data for age of initiation in tables 14 are shown only for

youth 18-21 years of age. The questions were asked of all

youth but are not readily interpretable for youth under 18

years of age.

For this report, persons for whom information was missing for any individual questionnaire item were excluded from

the analysis of that item. Because of the exclusion of persons

with unknown responses for individual items, the denominators for each question vary slightly. TWo population tables

included in appendix I show the size of the two main

subpopulations shown in this report, including youth for

whom selected individual items of information may have been

missing. These subpopulations are youth 12–21 years of age

for tables 1–3 and tables 5–10, and youth 14-21 years of age

for table 4. Using these population tables, estimates can be

made of the numbers of youth engaging in particular behaviors. These estimates will vary only slightly, if at all, from

estimates that wouId have been obtained had exact denominators been published for each table.

Because the estimates shown in this report are based on a

sample of the population, they are subject to sampling errors.

Formulas for computing sampling errors are shown in appendix I. These formulas, combined with the denominators from

the appendix tables I and II, allow the reader to calculate

standard errors for each statistic in this report.

In this report, terms such as “similar” and “no difference” mean that there is no statistically significant difference

between the measures being compared. Terms relating to

difference (for example, “greater than” or “less than”) indicate that dillerences are statistically significant. Individual

t-tests, with a critical value of 1.96 (0.05 level of significance),

were used to test all comparisons. Although it highlights major

findings, this strategy does not take into account hypothesis

testing issues associated with multiple comparisons, where a

statistic is potentially compared for more than two domains.

Lack of comment regarding the difference between any two

statistics does not mean the difference was tested and found to

be not significant.

It is hoped that this report will serve as a reference

document to allow researchers and policy planners to assess

the prevalence of selected high-risk behaviors in the adolescent population of the United States. It is also designed to

stimulate further research on the interrelationships and determinants of behaviors that influence health. The NHIS-YRBS

is available on data tape from the Division of Health Interview

Statistics and is available on CD-ROM from the U.S. GovernmentPrinting Office and from the National Technical Information Service. Contact the National Center for Health Statistics’

Data Dissemination Branch for ordering information. The

NHIS-YRBS public-use data ille includes data for all questions included in the youth risk behavior questionnaire as well

as all other health and demographic information gathered

during the initial household interview. For youth 18-21 years

of age, data from the NHIS-YRBS can be linked to other

special topics that were part of the 1992 NHIS, including

AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes, Cancer Control, Cancer

Epidemiology, and Family Resources. Additional findings

related to adolescent health behavior have been published by

NCHS (12,48,49).
Highlights

Highlights of the data contained in this report for 1992 are

summarized in the following statements:

Smoking

●

●

●

About one-half (49.9 percent) of youth 12–21 years of age

had smoked a whole cigarette in their lifetime and another

10,0 percent had taken a few puffs.

Non-Hispanic white youth were more likely to have

smoked a whole cigarette (53.8 percent) than nonHispanic black youth (37.9 percent) or Hispanic youth

(45.6 percent).

Just over two-thirds (69.4 percent) of 12–13-year-old smokers had tried to quit “smol&g compared with 56.6 percent

of 14-17-year-oId smokers and 49.8 percent of 18-21 -yearold smokers.

Alcohol and other drugs

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

About two-thirds (67.7 percent) of our Nation’s youth

have had at least one drink of alcohol in their lifetime.

Overall, 44.9 percent of youth had had a drink in the past

month.

Drinking was more prevalent among non-Hispanic white

adolescents than among non-Hispanic black adolescents.

One in four adolescents (25.6 percent) had had five or

more drinks in a row in the past month.

Over one-fourth (29.5 percent) of adolescent drinkers of

driving age had gotten behind the wheel after drinking in

the past month.

Nearly one-third (31 percent) of youth had used some type

of illegal drug in their lifetime.

About one in four youth (27.5 percent) had tried marijuana

and 5.9 percent had tried cocaine.

Seventy percent of all youth thought occasional drug use

posed significant health risks; 89.8 percent thought regular

use put people at risk.

Among drug users, females were more likely than males

to believe that harm could come from drug use; no gender

differences were found among youth who had never used

drugs.

Sexual experiences

● About 6 in 10 (60,9 percent) never-married youth 14-21

years of age had had sexual intercourse-ranging from

31.6 percent for youth 14-15 years of age to 78.9 percent

●

●

●

●

for those 18-21 years of age.

Nearly 8 in 10 (79.1 percent) non-Hispanic black teens

had had sexual intercourse compared with 58.2 percent of

non-Hispanic white and 56.5 percent of Hispanic teens.

Among sexually experienced youth, 18.8 percent of nonHispanic white youth had used alcohol or drugs the last

time they had sex in contrast with 12.7 percent of nonHispanic black youth.

About one-half of all sexually experienced teens reported

that they or their partner had used a condom during their

last sexurd intercourse-57.7 percent of males and 44.9 percent of females.

About 8 in 10 (81.5 percent) adolescents had received

HIV/AIDS educ&ion ‘in school; 68.6 percent had discussed HTV/AIDSwith a parent or an adult family member.

Runaway-homeless experiences

● About one in six (15.8 percent) teens had stayed out

overnight without permission within the past year.

● About one in seven (13.8 percent) teens had stayed overnight at an at-risk location within the past year.

Violence

Physical fighting within the past year was more common

among male adolescents (48.1 percent) than female adolescents (29.4 percent).

About one in seven (14.8 percent) teens had carried a

weapon at least one day during the past month.

Of weapon-carrying teens, non-Hispanic black teens

(30.2 pe~cent) were ‘more likely than non-Hispanic white

teens (21.9 percent) and Hispanic teens (17.2 percent) to

most often have carried a firearm during the past month.

Unintentional injury control

●

●

●

●

About one-third (34.2 percent) of all youth always used

seat belts while riding in a car driven by somone eLse—

38.6 percent of females and 29.9 percent of males.

About 4 out of 10 (44.1 percent) adolescent motorcycle

riders had consistently worn a helmet.

Less than 2 out of 100 teen bicycle riders had consistently

worn a helmet.

Among teens who had gone swimming, 28.0 percent swam

unsupervised most of the time.

5
Weight control Physical activity

. Females (43.4 percent) were nearly twice as likely as . Overall, 97.8 percent of all teens engaged in at least one

males (24.1 percent) to think they were overweight. physical activity in the past week—about one-half took

. Non-Hispanic white adolescent males and females were part in five activities or more.

more likely than their non-Hispanic black adolescent . Males were more likely than females to participate in

counterparts to perceive themselves as overweight. vigorous exercise 3 or more days per week.

. Overall, of youth who were trying to lose or keep from

gaining weight in the past week, 86.3 percent had exercised and 47.3 percent had dieted.
Findings

Tobacco

Table 1 shows tobacco use habits of U.S. youth. Overall,

about one-half of youth 12-21 years of age had smoked a

whole cigarette in their lifetime and another 10percent had

taken a few puffs. Prevalence of having smoked a whole

cigarette increased shaqiy with age. About one in five 12-13-

year-old youth had smoked a whole cigarette compared with

about one-half of 14-17-year-old youth and fully two-thirds of

youth 18-21 years of age, Across all age groups, about 1 in 10

youth had tried a few puffs of a cigarette but no more. Male

and female adolescents did not differ in terms of rates of

having smoked a whole cigarette.

Race and Hispanic differences in cigarette smoking are

noteworthy. Non-Hispanic white youth were more likely to

have smoked a whole cigarette (53.8 percent) than nonHispanic black youth (37.9 percent) and Hispanic youth

(45,6 percent), The higher smoking prevalence among nonHispanic white youth was true for both males and females.

Youth responding to the NHIS-YRBS were asked the age

at which they first smoked a whole cigarette. Age of initiation

is only meaningful for the 18-21-year-old age group. Table 1

shows that among these young adults, male smokers were

slightly more likely than female smokers to have started

smoking at younger ages: 13.8 percent of males had started

smoking by age 10 years compared with 7.9 percent of

females.

For adolescents, a current smoker is generally defined as a

youth who has smoked at least one cigarette in the past 30

days, A comprehensive definition of smoking status, which

identifies not only current smokers but also experimenters and

former smokers, has been developed for both the NHIS-YRBS

and other adolescent surveys, and estimates have been published (12,19), Although several variables contribute to the

definition of adolescent smoking status, a crucial component is

whether or not the youth smoked in the past month-derived

from the question on the number of days smoked in the 30

days preceding the date of interview. Youth who indicated that

they smoked on at least 1 day in the past 30 days were

considered current smokers. Estimates based on this single

item differ only slightly from those that include several

smoking-related questions, the differences being due to the

greater number of unknowns excluded from the more complex

variable.

Table 1 shows that among youth under 18 years of age,

prevalence of current smoking was about the same for males

and females. In the 18-21-year-old age group, current smoking rates were higher among males (40.4 percent) than among

females (34.8 percent) (figure 1). Across all ages 12-21 years,

males reported smoking a greater number of cigarettes on days

they smoked. Overall, 30.9 percent of adolescent male smokers and 23.4 percent of adolescent female smokers had smoked

10 cigarettes or more on days they smoked.

Cigarette smoking prevalence increased with age during

the teen years for both sexes. Not only were older adolescents

more likely than younger adolescents to have smoked in the

past 30 days (that is, be considered current smokers), those

who had smoked were more likely to have smoked every day.

Figure 2 shows rates of daily smoking for youth who had

smoked at least once in the past month: about 1 in 10 smokers

12–13 years of age had smoked daily compared with about

one-third of smokers 14-17 years of age and over one-half of

those 18-21 years of age.

In terms of both number of days smoked and number of

cigarettes smoked daily, non-Hispanic white youth were by far

heavier consumers of tobacco than youth in the other raceethnic groups studied: 15.5 percent of all non-Hispanic white

males said they had smoked daily in the past month compared

with 5.9 percent of all non-Hispanic black males, 6.4 percent

of Mexican American males, and 10.6 percent of other H.is27.6

= Mele 5 Female

40.4

1- 12-13 ySSt’S 14-17 years 18-21 years

Figure 1. Peroent of Youth 12-21 years of age who had smoked

c&rattes in the pa~ 30 day% by-sex and a& United Statea, 1892

7
- Male IZi.Z2i Female

60 r 54.8

50

40 I

34.4 .-.-..

16.8

Ha

9.1

12-13 years 14-17 years 18-21 years

Figure 2. Percent of current smokers 12-21 yesrs of age

who had smoked cigarettes daily in the past month, by sex and

agtx United States, 1992

panic males. Among non-Hispanic white males who had

smoked, 35.5 percent had smoked at least 10 cigarettes on

days they smoked compared with 15.3 percent of nonHispanic black male smokers, 15.8 percent of Mexican American male smokers, and 23.8 percent of other Hispanic male

smokers. Similarly, non-Hispanic white females 12–21 years

of age were considerably more likely than their non-Hispanic

black or Hispanic peers to have smoked often and heavily.

Youth responding to the NHIS-YRBS were asked whether

or not they had ever smoked regularly, defined as at least one

cigarette a day for 30 days. As with daily smoking, history of

having ever smoked regularly increased with age, from 4.7 percent of youth 12–13 years of age to 34.5 percent of youth

18-21 years of age. Attempts to quit smoking, on the other

hand, became less common with increasing age: 69.4 percent

of the youngest adolescent smokers had tried to quit in the past

6 months compared with 56.6 percent of those 14-17 years of

age and 49.8 percent of young adult smokers. Among adolescent smokers 14 years of age and older, females were somewhat more likely than males to have tried to quit. Among

youth 14-17 years of age, 61.5 percent of females had tried to

quit smoking in the past 6 months compared with 52.2 percent

of males. Of the young adults surveyed, 52.3 percent of femrde

smokers had at least one quit attempt compared with 47,5 percent of male smokers.

Prevalence of use of chewing tobacco and snutl was much

lower than for cigarette smoking. Overall, 13.5 percent of

male youth and 1.5 percent of female youth had used either

chewing tobacco or snuff or both in the past 30 days. Rates of

use were extremely low across all female subgroups, ranging

O-2 percent. Rates were higher for males: 4.8 percent of

12–13-year-old males reported using one of these tobacco

products, and about 16 percent of males in the two older age

8

groups had done so. Marked race and ethnic variations were

also noted among adolescent males: 17.7 percent of nonHispanic white males had used snuff or chewing tobacco

compared with 3.5 percent of non-Hispanic black males and

4-6 percent of mrdes in the Hispanic subgroups. Of the two

tobacco products, adolescents were more likely to use snuff

than chewing tobacco.

In summary, the data suggest that smoking rates increase

with age and that, overall, males and females have similar

patterns of use. Racial and ethnic differences were found

across every measure of tobacco use, with non-Hispanic white

youth reporting considerably higher rates than non-Hispanic

black or Hispanic youth. Further, the overall similarity in

smoking behavior between male and female youth was found

to be due almost exclusively to behavior among non-Hispanic

white youth. Among both non-Hispanic black and Hispanic

youth, males reported greater use of cigarettes than females,

although the differences were usually modest.

Alcohol use

Table 2 shows selected indicators of alcohol use among

U.S. adolescents. Overall, about two-thirds of our Nation’s

youth have had at least one drink of alcohol in their lifetime.

No dfierences were found between adolescent males and

femrdes in rates of having tried alcohol. As with tobacco,

prevalence of rdcohol use increased sharply with age: slightly

more than one-fourth of youth 12–13 years of age had drunk

alcohol compared with about two-thirds of youth 14-17 years

of age and nearly 90 percent of those 18-21 years of age. For

both males and females, non-1-l.ispanicwhite youth were more

likely than non-Hispanic black youth to have had at least one

drink in their lives. For Hispanic males, the rate of ever having

had a drink was intermediate between non-Hispanic white

males and non-Hispanic black males and not statistically

different from either. In contrast, Hispanic females had a lower

rate of ever drinking alcohol than non-Hispanic white females;

their rate was identical to that of non-Hispanic black females.

Youth interviewed in the NHIS-YRBS were asked at what

age they had their first drink of alcohol. Age of first drink, like

age of first cigarette, is only meaningful for the age group

18-21 years. Overall, 15.8 percent of young adults who had

had at least one drink said they had had their first drink by 12

years of age; nearly 4 out of 10 (38.1 percent) had had their

first drink by age 14. Men were more likely than women to

have had their first drink at a very young age: 20,6 percent of

young men who ever drank had had their first drink by the age

of 12 compared with 11.3 percent of young adult female

drinkers.

Table 2 provides estimates of the number of days in their

lifetime that youth had at least one drink of alcohol. Number

of days that youth consumed alcohol in a lifetime provides an

indication of the extent to which youth may be doing more

than experimenting with alcohol. Nondrinkers are included in

the denominator so that the estimates of number of days a

youth drank reflect prevalence in the adolescent population as

a whole, not just the population of drinkers.
As might be expected, older youth reported more episodes

of alcohol consumption in their lifetimes than younger youth.

Alcohol consumption among the youngest group of teens

appears to be more experimental than routine, with 2.7 percent

of youth 12-13 years old having drunk alcohol 40 days or

more in their young lives. Among youth 14-17 years of age,

13,9 percent reported this many episodes of drinking and by

ages 18-21 years, 39.4 percent had consumed alcohol on at

least 40 days in their lives. In the youngest age group, males

and females did not differ significantly in terms of number of

lifetime episodes of drinking, but among youth 14 years of age

and older, reports of 40 or more episodes of drinking were

more common for males than females.

Race and ethnic differences in drinking histories were also

found. Non-Hispanic white youth, both male and female, were

considerably more likely than their non-Hispanic black or

Hispanic contemporaries to have consumed alcohol on 40

days or more in their lives and were more than twice as likely

to have drunk on 100 days or more.

For adolescents, current drinking is generally defined as

any use of alcohol in the past 30 days. The NHIS-YRBS

included a question on the number of days a youth drank in

the past month. Youth who had had a drink on at least 1 day

are considered current drinkers in this discussion.

Overall, 44.9 percent of youth 12–21 years of age were

current drinkers. Current drinking increased sharply with age:

13,7 percent of youth 12-13 years of age had had at least one

drink in the past month compared with 39.8 percent of youth

14-17 years of age and 65.6 percent of those who had reached

young adulthood. Among adolescents younger than 18 years,

no sex differences were found in prevalence of current drinking (figure 3). Among those 18-21 yeara of age, men (68.0 percent) were somewhat more likely than women (63.3 percent)

to have had a drink in the past 30 days. In this young adult age

group, males (16,4 percent) also were about twice as likely as

females (7,9 percent) to have engaged in drinking on at least

10 of the past 30 days.

Non-Hispanic white youth, both males (47.9 percent) and

females (47.8 percent), and Mexican American male youth

(48,9 percent) were the most likely to be current drinkers of all

the race-ethnic-sex groups examined. Rates of current drinking were lower among non-Hispanic black males (40.2 percent), non-Hispanic black females (35,7 percent), and Mexican

American females (35.2 percent).

Not only was drinking prevalence among our Nation’s

youth quite high in 1992, episodic heavy drinking (defined as

five or more drinks within a couple of hours) was also

common, About one in four adolescents interviewed said they

had had five or more drinks in a row in the past month. Males

and females 12-17 years of age were equally likely to have

engaged in this behavior. Among youth 18-21 years of age,

however, males were more likely (48,5 percent) than females

(31,9 percent) to have engaged in recent episodic heavy

drinking, Episodic heavy drinking was more prevalent among

non-Hispanic white youth than among non-Hispanic black

youth, Almost one-third (32.7 percent) of non-Hispanic white

males reported recently drinking five or more drinks in a row

compared with 18.9 percent non-Hispanic black males. These

80

[

= Male ~ Female

7. 88.0

[U

W

so

E

840

?5

L

30

20

10

n

13.9 13.3

B%%

39.9 39.7

12-13 years 14-17 years 18-21 years

Figure 3. Percent of youth 12-21 yeare of age who drank alcohol

in the past 30 days, by sex and age: United Ststea, 1992

racial d~erences were even more striking for femrdes: 26.2 percent of non-Hispanic white adolescent females had had five

drinks or more in a row in the past 30 days compared with

10.1 percent of non-Hispanic black females. Mexican American males (30.0 percent) engaged in episodic heavy drinking

at about the same rate as non-Hispanic white males (32.7 percent). The rate for Mexican American females (15.8 percent),

on the other hand, was well below the rate for non-Hispanic

white females (26.2 percent) but still higher than that of

non-Hispanic black females (10.1 percent).

Drinking and driving is of major public health concern in

the United States today. Alcohol-related motor vehicle accidents are the leading causes of death among our Nation’s

young people (22). Table 2 presents data on drinking and

driving in the past month for current drinkers 16-21 years of

age. It also shows prevalence of riding with a driver who had

been drinking for all youth 12–21 years of age, regardless of

drinking status.

Overall, 29.5 percent of adolescent drinkers 16-21 years

of age (driving age) had driven in the past month after

drinking alcohol. This behavior was more prevalent among

male youth (34.7 percent) than among female youth (24.2 percent) and, as with other alcohol-related behaviors, increased

with age. Among males, prevalence of drinking and driving

was about the same for non-Hispanic white (36.4 percent),

non-Hispanic black (33.5 percent), and Mexican American

youth (34.4 percent). In contrast, Mexican &nerican females

(31.1 percent) and non-Hispanic white females (25.8 percent)

were more likely than non-Hispanic black (17.7 percent) and

other Hispanic females (12 percent) to have drunk alcohol and

then driven in the past month.

Overall, 24.9 percent of all youth said they had ridden in

a car or other vehicle in the past month with a driver who had

been drinking, rising from 11.7 percent of youth 12–13 years

of age to 34.8 percent of youth 18-21 years of age. Unlike

most other alcohol-related behaviors, riding in a vehicle with a

driver who had been drinking did not appear to be related to

race or ethnicity.

9
25

[

- Male ~ Female

20 19.0

12-13 yeara 14-17 years 18-21 years

Figure 4. Percent of Youth 12-21 Yasra of age who used marijuana

in-tie paat 30 day%by sex and agw United-States, 1992 -

In summary, a significant percentage of our Nation’s

youth 12-21 years of age are drinking alcohol, despite the fact

that most of them are still under the legal drinking age. In

1992, nearly one out of every two youth had had a drink in the

past 30 days. Overall, male and female adolescents were about

equally as likely to drinlq although males were more likely to

drink larger quantities and to drink more often. Non-Hispanic

white youth drank alcohol more often than non-Hispanic black

or Hispanic youth, with the possible exception of Mexican

American males whose drinking habits in some cases were

very similar to non-Hispanic white adolescent males. The

statistics on drinking and driving suggest that, despite significant efforts to discourage youth and adults alike from driving

under the influence or riding with anyone who has been

drinking, a significant number of young people are engaging

in this high-risk behavior.

Drug use and perceptions of risk

Table 3 shows lifetime and 30-day use of illegal drugs

among U.S. youth, including marijuana, cocaine, crach and

steroids as well as lifetime use of any other type of illegal

drugs, including LSD, PCP, ecstasy, mushrooms, speed, ice,

heroin, or pills without a doctor’s prescription. Data are also

shown on perceptions of the risks associated with occasional

and regular drug use, according to respondent drug use status,

Overall, nearly one-third (31.0 percent) of youth 12–21

years of age had used some type of illegal drug at some time

in their lives. The percent of youth who had used illegal drugs

ranged from 7.3 percent of youth 12-13 years of age to

49.0 percent of those 18-21 years of age, with use among

youth 14-17 years of age falling in between (25.9 percent).

Differences between males and females were found only

among youth 18-21 years of age, with males (50.8 percent)

slightly more likely than females (47,2) to have had some

experience with illegal drugs.

Race and ethnic variations in illegal drug use were noted.

Among males, non-Hispanic white youth (33.4 percent) were

10

more likely than non-Hispanic black youth (27.5 percent) to

have used drugs at some time in their lives. Rates of drug use

among Hispanic males (29.9 percent) were statistically similar

to those of non-Hispanic white males (33.4 percent). Rates of

drug use for non-Hispanic white females (33.5 percent) were

higher than for both non-Hispanic black females (23.1 percent) and Hispanic females (25.5 percent).

Findings for lifetime marijuana use showed patterns similar to those for all drugs combined. Overall, 27.5 percent of

adolescents 12–21 years of age had ever used marijuana.

Although a very small percentage (3.7 percent) of the youngest group of adolescents had used marijuana, about one in five

(21.5 percent) youth 14-17 years of age and nearly one out of

two (46.4 percent) youth 18-21 years of age had engaged in

this high-risk behavior. No statistically signticant differences

between males and females in marijuana use were found

between non-Hispanic white males (29.6 percent) and nonHispanic white females (30.1 percent) or between nonHispanic black males (24.5 percent) and non-Hispanic black

females (20.9 percent). Differences befsveen males and females

were found among Hispanic youth, however, with Hispanic

males showing a higher rate (27.3 percent) than Hispanic

females (20.3 percent).

As with all other statistics related to age of initiation,

estimates for age first used marijuana are only interpretable for

youth 18-21 years of age. Among marijuana users in this age

group, 13.0 percent had first used the drug by the age of 12;

another 22.0 percent had first used it by 13-14 years of age.

Thus, over one-third of young adult marijuana users had

started using the drug by 14 years of age.

The NHIS-YRBS included a question on the number of

times youth had used marijuana in their lifetime. Such a

measure can be considered an indication of the extent to which

use has been experimental or habitual, although the boundary

between these two classifications is far from distinct. Table 3

suggests that, at the younger ages, use is largely experimental,

but is more habitual at older ages. For example, 1.2 percent of

youth 12-13 years of age had used marijuana more than once

or twice in their livea compared with 14.8 percent of youth

14-17 years of age and 35.7 percent of those 18-21 years of

age. In the oldest age gxoup, nearly 1 in 10 youth had used

marijuana at least 100 times.

Current marijuana users are defined as youth who have

used marijuana in the past 30 days. Table 3 shows that

10.8 percent of youth 12-21 years of age were current marijuana users in 1992—with males reporting slightly higher

rates of use (12.3 percent) than females (9.3 percent). As with

all addictive substances studied, rates of use increased markedly with age. One and one-half percent of youth 12-13 yeara

of age were current marijuana users compared with 10.1 percent of adolescents 14-17 years of age and 16,7 percent of

young adults 18-21 years of age. Modest differences were

found between males and females in the two older groups,

with males slightly more likely than females to be current

users (figure 4). Race and ethnic variations were found among

female adolescent= non-Hispanic white females (10.6 percent)

were more likely than non-Hispanic black females (5.9 percent) and Hispanic females (7,8 percent) to have used mari-
juana in the past 30 days. Males had similar prevalence rates

across all race and ethnic groups shown.

Rates of cocaine use were substantially lower than rates

of marijuana use, but even these relatively small percentages

represent large numbers of youth putting themselves at risk for

serious health and social consequences of drug use. Overall,

5.9 percent of all youth had tried some form of cocaine in their

lifetime. Among youth 18-21 years of age, the estimate was

12 percent. Non-Hispanic black youth (2,5 percent) were less

likely than both non-Hispanic white (6.5 percent) and Hispanic youth (7.0 percent) to have tried cocaine. Lifetime

cocaine use was highest among Mexican American males;

nearly 1 in 10 (9,4 percent) young Mexican American men had

tried cocaine at least once.

Repeated use of cocaine and current use (use in the past

30 days) were relatively rare in the adolescent population.

Overall, 2,1 percent of all youth had used cocaine 10 times or

more in their lifetime, the highest rate (5.0 percent) found

among males 18-21 years of age. Overall, 1.2 percent of all

youth had used the drug in the past month, with the highest

prevalence reported by Mexican American males (4.1 percent).

The NHIS-YRBS included a separate question that asked

youth specifically about ever having used crack or freebase

forms of cocaine, Of all youth 12-21 years of age, 2.9 percent

said they had used crack or freebase forms of cocaine. As with

other drugs studied, use rates increased with age, the highest

rates being found among 18-21-year-old males (6.3 percent)

and females (4,9 percent). Of the race-ethnic groups examined, Mexican American youth were the most likely (4.4 percent) to have used crack sometime in their life.

Table 3 also includes a summary estimate for use of drugs

other than marijuana and cocaine, including LSD, PCP, ecstasy,

mushrooms, speed, ice, heroin, and pills without a doctor’s

prescription, Overall, 12.6 percent of all youth reported use of

such drugs, Use of these drugs increased sharply with age,

from 2.8 percent of youth 12-13 years to 10.4 percent of youth

14-17 years, and 20.0 percent of those in the 18-21-year-old

age group. Use of these other drugs was most common among

non-Hispanic white youth (15,5 percent) and least common

among non-Hispanic black youth (3.3 percent), with estimates

for Hispanic adolescents in the middle (9.8 percent). Use of

these drugs may have been in addition to use of marijuana

andJor cocaine, or they may be the only drug used by the

adolescent. No noteworthy variations by sex were found.

Steroid use appears to be relatively uncommon. Overall,

2.0 percent of male adolescents and 0.7 percent of female

adolescents said they had ever taken steroid pills or shots

without a doctor’s prescription. Although rare, the very serious

potential health consequences of this behavior make even

these low prevalenceestimatesworthy of note,

Table 3 also shows adolescents’ perceptions of how much

people risk harming themselves by using illegal drugs occasionally and regularly, according to the adolescents’ own drug

use status, Overall,70,0percent of youth 12-21 years of age

thoughtthat occasionaldrug use posedsignificanthealth risks;

89.8 percent thought that regular use of drugs put people at

risk. Female adolescents who had ever used drugs were more

likely than their male counterparts to feel that harm could

come from using drugs: 60.5 percent of female drug users

compared with 48.4 percent of male drug users thought a lot

of harm could come from occasional drug use; 90.1 percent of

female users compared with 81.6 percent of male users thought

regular use would bring a lot of harm. Among youth who had

never used drugs-both males and females-about 3 out of 4

felt a lot of harm could come from occasional drug use and

about 9 out of 10 felt such harm could come horn regular drug

use.

Among youth who had used drugs, non-Hispanic white

adolescents were much less likely than were non-Hispanic

black or Hispanic youth to associate occasional drug use with

high-risk. Among males, 44.3 percent of non-Hispanic white

youth who had used drugs said occasional drug use posed

high-risks compared with 62.5 percent of non-Hispaoic black

males with some drug experience and 59.0 percent of Hispanic

males with similar experience. Similarly, 57.9 percent of nonHispanic white females who had used drugs thought occasional drug use put people at high-risk compared with

74.9 percent of non-Hispanic black females and 64.3 percent

of Hispanic females.

In summary, a significant percentage of our Nation’s

youth have used illegal drugs. In 1992, nearly one-third

(31.0 percent) of the teens 12-21 years of age had used some

type of illegal drug in their lives; about one-fourth (27.5 percent) had used marijuana. Rates for ever having used cocaine

(5.9 percent), steroids (1.3 percent), and other drugs (12.6 percent) were lower. Differences between males and females and

race-ethnic differences varied somewhat by the type of drug

but in all cases, use rates increased with age. In general

non-Hispanic white youth had the highest rates of drug use,

although Mexican American males had rates similar to nonHispanic white males in some cases. Mexican American males

had the highest rate of current (past 30 days) cocaine use

(4.1 percent) of any race or ethnic group examined.

Sexual experience

Table 4 presents data on selected indicators related to

sexual experiences for never-married youth 14-21 years of

age. Questions included ever having had sexual intercourse,

age of first sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners, use

of alcohol or drugs before last sex, condom use, and contraceptive method used when last had sex.

Overall, 60.9 percent of never-married youth reported

ever having had sexual intercourse, with males more likely

than females to report ever having had sex (63.0 and 58.6 percent, respectively). About one out of three youth 14-15 years

of age had had sexual intercourse, and by 1S-21 years of age

almost four out of five were sexually experienced. Of sexually

experienced males 18-21 years of age, 12.1 percent had had

their fist sexual intercourse by 12 years of age compared with

3.0 percent of sexually experienced females. Data shown in

table4 concerningage of initiation of sexual intercourse are

shown only for those youth 18-21 years of age.

The percent of non-Hispanic black teens (79.1 percent)

who had had sexual intercourse was significantly bigher than

the percent of non-Hispanic white teens (58.2 percent) and

11
40-

30 -

E

?! 20

2

10 -

n36.2

= Non-Hispanic white

m Non-Hispanic black

EEEEi All Hispanic

= Mexican Amerioan

~ Other Hispanic

17.3

6 or more lifetime 3 or more partners in

partners the last 3 months

Fiaure 5. Percent of never married. sexuallv ex~erienced youth

1=21 years of age, by number of partners; His-panic origk, and

race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1992

Hispanic teens (56.5 percent). Of all never-married youth,

28.5 percent of non-Hispanic black youth reported having had

six or more sexual partners in their lifetime compared with

15.0percent of non-Hispanic white and 13.5percent of Hispanic youth. Mexican American youth (10.8 percent) were less

likely than other Hispanic youth (17.8 percent) to have had sex

with six or more partners. Non-Hispanic black youth (13.7 percent) were more likely than non-Hispanic white youth (4.6 percent) and Hispanic youth (6.3 percent) to have said they had

had three or more sexual partners within the last 3 months.

Among sexually experienced never-married teens

(figure 5), the same pattern was apparent. Overall, 36.2 pereent

of sexually experienced non-Hispanic black teens had had six

or more sexual partners compared vvith 25.8 percent of nonHispanic white and 24.0 percent of Hispanic teens who had

had sexual intercourse. Mexican American teens (20.0 percent) were less likely than other Hispanic teens (29.4 percent)

to mention having had six or more lifetime partners. The rate

of having had sex with three or more persons in the last 3

months was higher for non-Hispanic black teens (17.3 percent)

than non-Hispanic white (7.9 percent) and Hispanic teens

(11.2 percent).

Approximately 17.1 percent of sexually experienced adolescents reported using alcohol or drugs before their last

sexual intercourse: 19.6 pereent of males and 14.2 percent of

females (table 4). Non-Hispanic white adolescents (18.8 percent) were more likely than non-Hispanic black adolescents

(12.7 percent) to report this behavior.

About one-half of all sexually experienced adolescents

reported condom use (by themselves or their partner) the last

time they engaged in sexual intercourse-57.7 percent of

males and 44.9 percent of females. Condom use was more

prevalent among adolescents 14-15 years of age (64.4 percent) with the lowest percentage of use being among those

18-21 years of age (46.7 percent). Non-Hispanic black adolescents (59.9 percent) were more likely than non-Hispanic white

(49.7 percent) and Hispanic adolescents (47.8 percent) to have

used condoms the last time they had sex.

Never-marned persons 14-21 years of age were also

asked which one of the following methods they or their

partner had used to prevent pregnancy the last time they had

engaged in sexual intercourse: “no method used,” “birth

control pills,” “condoms, “ “withdrawal,” or “some other

method.” Because only one answer was accepted, estimates of

condom use may differ from those in the previous question,

which asked teens about use of condoms regardless of purpose.

Of sexually experienced teens, 15.8 percent said they did

not use any form of birth control during their last sexual

intercourse. Another 12.5 percent had used the withdrawal

method— considered an unreliable form of birth control.

Thus, a total of 28.3 percent were unprotected from pregnancy

at the time of their last intercourse.

Prevalence of use of contraceptives did not vary by age. Of

those who were sexually experienced, non-Hispanic black teens

(49.1 pereent) were more likely than non-Hispanic white teens

(43.2 percent) and Hispanic teens (42.9 percent) to use

condoms as a method of birth control. Non-Hispanic white

teens (27.8 percent) were more likely than non-Hispanic

black teens (19.9 percent) and Hispanic teens (15.9 percent)

to use birth control pills. Use of the withdrawal method was

more prevalent among non-Hispanic white teens (13.1 percent) and Hispanic teens (16.4 percent) than non-Hispanic

black teens (7.8 percent).

In summary, the data show that among older adolescents,

sexual intercourse was higher and condom use was lower

compared with younger adolescents. Proportionately, more

male youth than female youth had had sexual intercourse and

males 18-21 years of age were more likely than females

18-21 years of age to experience their first intercourse at 12

years of age or younger. Non-Hispanic black youth were more

likely than their non-Hispanic white and Hispanic counterparts

to have ever had sex. The rate of alcohol or drug use before

last sexual intercourse was Itigher among sexually experienced

males than females and non-Hispanic white teens were more

likely than non-Hispanic black teens to engage in this behavior. Although the proportion of non-Hispanic black youth who

used condoms the last time they had sex was higher than

non-Hispanic white and Hispanic youth, a noticeable proportion of all youth either used the withdrawal method or did not

use any type of contraceptive method thus increasing their risk

for unwanted pregnancy or sexually transmitted disease, including HIV/AIDS.

HIV/AIDS education at home and in school

Two questions in the NHIS-YRBS elicited responses from

youth 12–21 years of age regarding receipt of HIV and AIDS

education in school and discussion of HIV and AIDS at home

with a parent or other adult family member.

Overall, 81.5 percent of all adolescents had reeeived

HIV/AIDS education when they were in school, and 68.6 per12
cent had discussed HIV/AIDS with a parent or an adult family

member (table 5). Adolescent females (79.6 percent) were less

likely to have received HIV/AIDS education in school compared with adolescent males (83.3 percent), but were more

likely (72,6 percent) to have discussed HIV/AIDS with a

parent or an adult family member compared with their male

counterparts (64.7 percent).

Non-Hispanic black adolescents (74.5 percent) were more

likely to have talked with a parent or an adult family member

about HIV/AIDS than non-Hispanic white and Hispanic adolescents (69.0 and 66.0 percent, respectively). Non-Hispanic

black adolescents (S3.1 percent) were equally as likely as

ncm-Hispanic white adolescents (81.9 percent) to have received

HIV/AIDS education in school.

Of the two Hispanic subgroups, Mexican American teens

(61.5 percent) were less likely than other Hispanic teens

(73.1 percent) to have discussed HIV/AIDS with a parent or

an adult family member and to have received I-HV/AIDS

education in school (77.7 and 83.0 percent, respectively).

Runaway and homeless experiences

Adolescents 12–21 years of age were asked questions

about their staying away horn home without permission and

whether they had (with permission or not) stayed overnight at

an at-risk location within the last 12 months. At-risk locations

included public places such as a train or bus station, restaurant, or office building an abandoned building a car, truck, or

van; outside in a park on the street, under a bridge or

overhang, or on a roof top; in the subway, or other public

place underground; the home of someone they did not know

or a youth or adult shelter. Although a youth shelter may not

bc considered an at-risk location, it was included in this

category because when asked the question respondents could

not distinguish between youth or adult shelter. Since youth

were not specifically asked questions about running away,

these were indirect measures for runaway and homeless

experiences.

Data in table 6 show that 15.8 percent of adolescents had

stayed out overnight at least once in the past year without

permission. Males were more likely (17.5 percent) than females

(14.1 percent) to have stayed out overnight. A higher rate of

male adolescents (3.6 percent) compared with female adolescents (2,0 percent) had stayed away from home on 7 or more

nights in the past year.

Staying out overnight without permission was more prevalent among non-Hispanic black adolescents (18.2 percent)

than non-Hispanic white adolescents (15.2 percent) and Hispanic adolescents (13.7 percent). Non-Hispanic black males

(21.0 percent) were more likely than non-Hispanic white

males (16.4 percent) to engage in this behavior. Non-Hispanic

black females (15.5 percent) were about equally as likely as

non-Hispanic white females (14.0 percent) to have had a

runaway or homeless experience; both groups were more

likely than Hispanic females (10.4 percent) to have had such

an experience.

Of all youth 12-21 years of age, 13.8 percent had stayed

at an at-risk location within the past year. Male adolescents

(17.4 percent) were significantly more likely than female

adolescents (10.1 percent) to have done so. As age increased,

the percent of males staying overnight at at-risk locations rose

from 14.9 percent of those 12–13 years of age to 19.6 percent

of those 18–21 years of age.

Non-Hispanic white adolescents (14.6 percent) were more

likely than non-Hispanic black adolescents (10.1 percent) and

Hispanic adolescents (12.1 percent) to stay at an at-risk location. Among Hispanics, Mexican American adolescents

(14.5 percent) were more likely than other Hispanic adolescents (8.1 percent) to have done so.

In summary, the data show that about one in six youth had

stayed out overnight without permission at least once in the

past year, and males were more likely than females to have

done so. Proportionately, more non-Hispanic black youth than

non-Hispanic white and Hispanic youth had had a runaway or

homeless experience. The rate of youth who had stayed at an

at-risk location was highest among non-Hispanic white youth

compared with non-Hispanic black and Hispanic youth.

Violence

Table 7 presents data on behaviors related to intentional

injuries, including participation in physical fighting and use of

weapons.

Overall, 38.9 percent of teens 12-21 years of age had

engaged in at least one physical fight in the past year. Ten

percent of all teens had fought with someone on four or more

occasions. Non-Hispanic black teens (49.1 percent) were more

likely than non-Hispanic white (36.7 percent) and Hispanic

teens (39.9 percent) to have been in a fight.

Physical violence was more common among male adolescents (48.1 percent) than female adolescents (29.4 percent). Of

young adolescent males who had been in a physical fight in

the past year, 53.4 percent of those 12–13 years of age had

fought with a friend and 13.7 percent had fought with a parent

or sibling at the time of their last fight. By comparison,

37.5 percent of female adolescents 12–13 years of age had

fought with a friend and 35.9 percent had fought with a parent

or sibling. Among young adults 18-21 years of age, males

(28.9 percent) were more likely than females (7.9 percent) to

have fought with strangers. Females (32.5 percent), on the

other hand, were more likely than their male counterparts

(2.5 percent) to have fought with a boyfriend or date.

Of youth who had engaged in physical violence in the

past year, non-Hispanic white youth (20.0 percent) were more

likely than non-Hispanic black (9.9 percent) and Hispanic

youth (14.7 percent) to have fought with a parent or sibling the

last time they had fought. Non-Hispanic black youth (49.4 percent) were more likely than non-Hispanic white youth (34.5 percent) and Hispanic youth (36.3 percent) to have fought with a

friend. Hispanic youth (19.8 percent) were more likely than

non-Hispanic white (12.2 percent) and non-Hisprmic black

youth (10.4 percent) to have fought with a stranger.

Youth 12–21 years of age were asked on how many days

during the past month they had carried a weapon, such as a

gun, knife, or club. Youfi who had carried a weapon were then

asked the one kind of weapon they had carried most often

during the past month.

13
Type of weapon most often carried in the past month

_ Firearm @ Kniie m Club or other weapon

Weapon-carrying

non-Hispanic

white

59.3

Weapon-carrying

non-Hispanic

black

Wsapon-canying

Hispanic 59.3

Percent

Figure 6. Percent of youth 12-21 years of age who carried a

weapon in the past month by type of weapon most often carried,

according to Hispsnic origin snd race for youth of non-Hispsnic

origin: United States, 1992

Approximately 14.8 percent of all teens reported carrying

a weapon at least one day during the past month. This percent

was similar for teens of different race and ethnic backgrounds.

Males (23.8 percent) were about four times as likely as

females (5.7 percent) to have carried a weapon.

Among weapon-carrying adolescents, males were more

likely to have carried Imives than any other type of weapon

listed. Comparisons could not be made for females because

most of the data were statistically unreliable. Among males

who had carried a weapon in the past month about one-third of

those 18-21 years of age had carried a firearm compared with

one-fourth of males 12–13 years of age and one-fifth of males

14-17 years of age.

&nong youth who had carried a weapon in the past

month, non-Hispanic black teens (30.2 percent) were significantly more likely to have carried a firearm than non-Hispanic

white teens (21.9 percent) and Hispanic teens (17.2 percent).

The percent of weapon-canying teens who had carried knives

was identical for non-Hispanic white and Hispanic teens

(59.3 percent); 49.0 percent of non-Hispanic black teens had

also carried a knife. A club or other type of weapon was

carried by 18,9 percent of non-Hispanic white, 20.6 percent of

non-Hispanic black, and 23.5 percent of Hispanic teens

(figure 6).

In summary, the data show that physical violence—

fighting with another person—in the past year was more

prevalent among male youth and non-Hispanic black youth.

Among young adults 18-21 years of age, males were more

likely to have fought with a stranger or friend and females

were more likely to have fought with a boyfriend or date the

last time they had engaged in physical fighting. There were no

race and ethnic differences observed in the prevalence of

carrying a weapon. Of youth who had carried a weapon at

least one day in the past month, almost 1 out of 4 had most

often carried a firearm and 6 out of 10 had most often carried

a knife.

Unintentional injury control

Table 8 presents data on unintentional injury control,

including questions on use of seatbelts, use of helmets when

riding a bicycle or motorcycle within the past year, and

whether an adult or lifeguard was present when swimming at

such places as a lake, pool, or ocean.

Use of seatbelts

While the data show that 82.1 percent of all youth 12–21

years of age had worn seatbelts at least some of the time while

riding in a car driven by someone else, only 34.2 percent had

worn them all of the time. Female youth (38.6 percent) were

more likely than male youth (29.9 percent) to always wear

seatbelts. Consistent use of seatbelts was more prevalent

among young adult females (41.6 percent) compared with

younger females (35.0 pereent). The rate did not vary by age

for males.

Non-Hispanic white (36.1 percent) and Hispanic adolescents (33.0 percent) were more likely than non-Hispanic black

adolescents (25.7 percent) to always wear seatbelts.

Motorcycle riding and helmet use

About one-fourth of all adolescents had ridden a motorcycle at least once in the past year (table 8). Of those who had

ridden a motorcycle, about 4 out of 10 had worn a helmet all

of the time. Motorcycle riding was more prevalent among

male teens (31.3 percent) compared with female teens (17.6 percent), but males (42.3 percent) were less likely than females

(47.2 percent) to consistently wear a helmet when riding a

motorcycle.

Non-Hispanic white teens (29.0 percent) were more likely

than non-Hispanic black (11.4 percent) and Hispanic teens

(17.8 percent) to have ridden a motorcycle in the last 12

months. Rates for teens who had always worn a helmet while

riding a motorcycle were higher for non-Hispanic white

(45.7 percent) and non-Hispanic black teens (41.1 percent)

compared with Hispanic teens (35.0 percent).

Bicycle riding and helmet use

About three-fourths of all youth reported riding a bicycle

at least once in the past year and less than 2 in 100 bicycle

riders always wore a helmet (table 8). Bike riding is very

popular among youth, especially at the younger ages ranging

from 92.4 percent of teens 12-13 years of age to 59.7 percent

of teens 18-21 years of age. Across all age groups, however,

of teen bike riders less than 3 percent had consistently worn a

helmet.

Male adolescents (80.4 percent) were more likely to have

ridden a bicycle than female adolescents (69.4 percent) and

only 1.8 percent of both sexes had always worn a helmet.

14
“’0”’-280

12-13 years

14-17 years

18-21 years 45.0

Non-Hispanic

whte

‘“wH’sK:&

All Hispanic

I

o 10 20 30 40 50

Percent

Figure 7. Percent of youth 12-21 years of age who had gone

swimming in the past year and never or rarely had an adult or

lifeguard watching, by age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of

non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1s82

Consistent use of bicycle helmets when riding a bike was

extremely low among all race and ethnic groups shown.

Unsupervised swimming

Of all youth 12-21 years of age, 24.7 percent reported

that when they went swimming they rarely or never had an

adult or lifeguard watching them (table 8). When restricting

the denominator to only those youth who had gone swimming

in the last 12 months, 28.0 percent swam unsupervised most of

the time (figure 7). Older adolescents were more likely to

swim unsupervised; 45.0 percent of young adults 18-21 years

of age who had gone swimming rarely or never had an adult or

lifeguard watching them compared with 6.9 percent of teens

12-13 years of age.

The percent of non-Hispanic white (92.7 pereent) and

Hispanic adolescents (85.8 percent) who had gone swimming

in the last 12 months was higher when compared with

non-Hispanic black adolescents (70.3 percent) (table 8). Of

those adolescents who had gone swimming, non-Hispanic

white (29,8 percent) and Hispanic adolescents (27.7 percent)

were more likely than non-Hispanic black adolescents (18.9 percent) to swim unsupervised most of the time (figure 7).

In summary, the data show that while the majority of

youthhadworn seatbeltsat leastsome of the time while riding

in a car driven by someone else, only about one-third had

worn them all of the time. Of youth who had ridden motorcycles, only 4 out of 10 had always worn a helmet. Use of

bicycle helmets among bicycle riders was extremely low

among all age, sex, race, and ethnic groups shown. Older

youthwere more likely to have gone swimmingwithout adult

supervision. Although the proportion of non-Hispanic white

and Hispanic youth who had gone swimming in the past year

was higher than non-Hispanic black youth, non-Hispanic

black youth were less likely to swim unsupewised.

Weight control

Youth 12–21 years of age were asked questions to measure weight-control practices that included perceived weight,

what if anything they were trying to do about their weight,

attempts in the past week to lose or keep from gaining weight,

and type of weight control attempts in past week.

Table 9 shows that 51.4 percent of all adolescents perceived their weight as being about right, 15.0 percent perceived themselves as underweight, and 33.6 percent perceived

themselves as overweight. Females (43.4 percent) were nearly

twice as likely as males (24.1 percent) to think they were

overweight. Perception of being overweight increased with

age. Among female youth 12–13 years, 34.3 percent said they

were overweight compared with 48.8 percent of females 18-21

years. Among male youth 14-17 years, 21.8 percent said they

were overweight compared with 26.9 percent of males 18-21

years.

Over one-third of ail adolescents were trying to lose

weight. Females (50.5 percent) were more than twice as likely

as males (22.7 percent) to be trying to do so. Of female

adolescents who attempted to lose or keep from gaining

weight in the past week 53.8 percent had dieted, 85.1 percent

had exercised, 42.6 percent had combined dieting and exercising, 4.3 percent had vomited, 4.5 percent had used diet pills,

and 10.5 percent had used some other method to try and keep

the weight off. By comparison, 37.4 percent of male adolescents had dieted, 88.2 percent had exercised, 30.7 percent had

combined both dieting and exercise, 3.3 percent had vomited,

1.8 percent had taken diet pills, and 12.7 percent had used

some other method.

Proportionately, of those who considered themselves underweight, about twice as many female teens (24.0 percent)

compared with male teens (12.4 percent), had attempted to

control their weight in the past week. Of youth who responded

that their weight was about right, females (47.3 pereent) were

more likely than males (31.2 percent) to have one or more

weight control attempts. Almost three-fourths of female adolescents who were slightly overweight did something to

control their weight compared with 65.4 percent of their male

counterparts. Of those adolescents who saw themselves as

very overweight, 75.9 percent of males and 70.1 pereent of

females had attempted weight control.

Non-Hispanic black adolescent females (36.0 percent) were

less likely than non-Hispanic white adolescent females (46.1 percent) to perceive themselves as being overweight. This dMerence was also observed for males, with 17.7 percent of

non-Hispanic black adolescent males saying they were overweight compared with 24.9 percent of non-Hispanic white

adolescent males.

Non-Hispanic black female teens (41.5 pereent) were less

likely than non-Hispanic white females (59.5 percent) and

Hispanic females (55.1 percent) to report any attempt to lose

or keep from gaining weight in the past week. Non-Hispanic

white male teens (34.8 percent) and non-Hispanic black male

teens (34.0 percent) were less likely than Hispanic males

(43.2 percent) to report any weight control attempt in the past

week.

15
Overall, the data show that about one-third of all teens

perceive themselves as being overweight. Females were twice

as likely as males to say they were overweight. Older females

were more likely to think they were overweight compared

with their younger female counterparts. Proportionately, fewer

non-Hispanic black male and female youth considered themselves overweight compared with non-Hispanic white male

and female youth. More than one-third of all youth were trying

to lose weight and females were more likely than males to be

trying to do so.

Physical activity

Adolescents 12–21 years of age responded to questions

about their participation in physical activities in the past week

and if they took part in activities that caused sweating and

hard breathing. In addition, questions were asked about a list

of activities and the number of days these activities were

performed. These activities included stretching exercises; exercises for muscles; house cleaning or yard work, walking or

bicycling; playing baseball or frisbeq playing basketball,

football, or socceq skating, skiing, or skateboarding jogging

or swimming; playing tennis, racquetball, or squas~ and

doing aerobics or dance.

The data in table 10 show that 97.8 percent of all teens

participated in at least one physical activity in the past week

and over one-half (53.7 percent) took part in five activities or

more. Overall, 60.2 percent of males and 47.1 percent of

females engaged in activities that caused sweating and hard

breathing on 3 or more days in the past week. Non-Hispanic

white youth (54.6 percent) were more likely than Hispanic

youth (49.5 percent) to participate in vigorous exercise on 3 or

more days.

Overall, 96.6 percent of young adults 18-21 years of age

had engaged in at least one physical activity in the past week.

Compared with the two younger groups, youth in this age

group had the lowest rate of participation in each individual

physical activity. While four out of five (81.1 percent) youth

12–13 years of age had done stretching exercises, only 56.7 percent of those 18–21 years of age had done so. Three out of

four (75.6 percent) youth 12–13 years of age had jogged or

swam for exercise compared with 37.4 percent of youth 18-21

years of age.

Of the 10 types of activities listed, a higher proportion of

teens (82.8 percent) had mentioned doing house cleaning or

yard work for at least 30 minutes during the past week than

any other activity shown. The percent of participation in this

activity was slightly higher for non-Hispanic white and nonHispanic black teens compared with Hispanic teens (83.1,

84.2, and 80.1 percent, respectively). However, non-Hispanic

black teens (26.4 percent) were more likely than non-Hispanic

white (11.7 percent) and Hispanic teens (18.7 percent) to have

spent 30 minutes or more cleaning the house or yard every day

of the past week.

Some dMerences between males and females were observed

for those activities related to team sports. About 6 out of 10

(61.7 percent) adolescent males had played basketball, football, or soccer within the past week compared with about 3 out

of 10 (29.8 percent) female adolescents. In addition, male

adolescents (70.6 percent) were more likely than female adolescents (55.5 percent) to engage in muscle exercises. The

percent of female youth (53.9 percent) who reported doing

aerobics or dance in the past week was more than hvice that of

male youth (22.7 percent).

Non-Hispanic white and Hispanic youth (65.3 percent)

were somewhat more likely than non-Hispanic black youth

(60.4 percent) to have walked or ridden a bicycle for 30

minutes or more in the past week. Non-Hispanic black teens

(49.3 percent) were more likely than non-Hispanic white

(35.0 percent) and Hispanic teens (41.9 percent) to have participated in aerobics or dance.

In summary, the data show that while the majority of

youth had participated in at least one physical activity in the

past week the rate of participation in the specific activities

shown decreased among older youth, in some cases by as

much as one hrdf. House cleaning or yard work had the

highest rate of participation than any other activity shown and

non-Hispanic black youth were more likely than non-Hispanic

white and Hispanic youth to engage in this activity every day

during the past week. Male youth were more likely than

female youth to play basketball, football, or soccer while

female youth were more likely to engage in aerobics or dance.

16
Summary and conclusions

Data from the 1992 NHIS-YRBS show that a substantial

number of U.S. youth are engaging in risk-taking behaviors

that can lead to chronic disease, injury, and death. A significant

proportion of youth have smoked cigarettes (59.9 percent),

drunk alcohol (67.7 percent), and used illegal drugs (31.0 percent). Consumption of each of these substances increased

dramatically with age. Youth are also engaging in sexual

behaviors that place them at risk for serious health and social

consequences. Over 60 percent of all never-married youth

14-21 years of age and nearly 80 percent of never-married

youth 18-21 years of age had engaged in sexual intercourse at

least once in their lifetime. About one-fourth of sexually

experienced youth had failed to use a reliable method of

contraception the last time they had intercourse, thereby

increasing their chances for unintended pregnancy. About

one-half had failed to use a condom, thereby increasing their

chances of contracting sexually transmitted diseases, including

HIV/AIDS. More than 4 out of 10 youth (43.9 percent) 14-21

years of age had had more than one sex partner in their

lifetime. Among youth who had reached young adulthood

(18-21 years of age), 6 out of 10 (61.9 percent) had had

multiple partners, About two-thirds (68.6 percent) of all youth

had discussed HIV/AIDS with an adult family member, and

about 8 out of 10 youth (81.5 percent) had received HIV/AIDS

education in school.

Runaway and homeless experiences were found among a

noteworthy proportion of youth. Overall, 15.8 percent had

spent the night away from home without permission and

13,8 percent had spent the night at an at-risk location, such as

a bus station, a car, or a stranger’s home. Youth who spend

time away from home under such conditions may be at higher

risk of using drugs and alcohol and of being victims of sexual,

physical, and emotional abuse (50,51).

NHIS-YRBS statistics on violence are also cause for

concern. Nearly one-half of males (48.1 percent) had been in a

physical fight in the past year and nearly one in four male

youth (23.8 percent) had carried a weapon in the past month.

Among female adolescents, physical fighting (29.4 percent)

was somewhat lower than for males, yet still substantial.

Weapon carrying among females (5.7 percent) was relatively

rare,

The data presented in this report also suggest that large

numbers of youth are failing to follow basic injury prevention

practices, About one-fourth (24.9 percent) of youth said they

had ridden in a car or other vehicle in the past month with a

driver who had been drinkin~ 29.5 percent of youth who were

old enough to drive had themselves driven after drinking

during the same time period. Only 34.2 percent of youth

always wore seatbelts when riding in a car driven by someone

else; 44.1 percent of motorcycle riders always wore a helmet.

A remarkably small percent (1.8 percent) of bicycle riders

consistently wore helmets. About one in four youth (24.7 percent) placed themselves at risk of drowning by going swimming without an adult or lifeguard watching. About one-third

of all youth interviewed for the NHIS-YRBS considered

themselves to be at least slightly overweight. Fortunately, the

vast majority were attempting to lose weight by diet and/or

exercise rather than harmful weight loss regimens such as

vomiting and diet pills. Of youth who were trying to lose or

maintain their weight, nearly 9 out of 10 (86.3 percent) said

they were using exercise to do so. Nearly one-half (47.3 percent) of these overweight youth were dieting. Prevalence of

use of diet pills (3.4 percent), vomiting (3.9 percent), or other

weight loss strategies (11.4 percent) were relatively low.

About one-half (53.7 percent) of U.S. adolescents engaged

in vigorous physical activity 3 days or more in the week

preceding the N.HIS-YRBS interview. Unfortunately, this positive health behavior dropped noticeably with increasing age:

68.6 percent of 12–13-year-old youth had engaged in vigorous

physical exercise 3 days or more in the week declining to

38.1 percent among youth 18-21 years of age.

Overall, significant proportions of U.S. adolescents and

young adults were engaging in high-risk behaviors in 1992.

Data shown in this report point to the very early age at which

experimentation with addictive substances begins and highlight the natural progression from experimentation to regular

use as children move from the preteen years to young adulthood. Similarly, data on sexual experiences, runaway and

homeless experiences, violence, and unintentional injury control shed light on the high mortality rates due to injuries found

among our Nation’s youth. All of these data point to opportunities for enhancing the health of our youth through early

interventions on the part of parents, schools, and communities.

Providing our youth with information, assisting them in developing positive attitudes toward themselves and others, and

teaching them life skills that promote health and well-being

offer them the best chance of emerging into adulthood with

healthful lifestyles that will carry through their lives.

17
References

1. Must & Jacques PF, Dallal GE, Bajema CJ, Dietz WH.

Long-term morbidity and mortality of overweight adolescents.

A follow-up of the Harvard Growth Study of 1922 to 1935.

NEJM 327(19):1350-5, 1992.

2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Preventing tobacco

use among young peopkx A report of the Surgeon General.

Atlantz National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and

Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health. 1994.

3. Kolbe LJ, Kann L, Collins JL. Overview of the Youth Risk

Behavior Surveillance System. Public Health Rep 108(supp. 1)

2–lo. 1993.

4. Bachrnan JG, Johnston LD. The monitoring the future projech

Design and procedures. Monitoring the Future Occasional Paper

No. 1. Ann Arbor, ML Institute for Social Research. 1978.

5. Bachman JG, Wallace JM, O’Malley PM, et al. Racial/ethnic

differences in smoking, drinking, and illicit drug use among

American high school seniors, 1976-89. Am J Public Health

81(3):372-7. 1991.

6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results from the

National Adolescent Student Health Survey. MMWR 38(9]147–

50.1989.

7. Nagy S, Hunt B, Adcock A. A comparison of AIDS and STD

knowledge between sexually active alcohol consumers and

abstainers. J Sch Health 60(6):27G9. 1990.

8. Kingery PM, Pruitt BE, Hurley RS. Violence and illegal drug

use among adolescents: Evidence from the U.S. National Adolescent Student Health Survey. Int. J. Addict. 27(12)144=4.

1992.

9. Hodges BC, Leavy M, Swift R, Gold RS. Gender diiTerencesin

adolescents’ attitudes toward condom use. J Sch Health

62(3):103-6. 1992.

10. PIeck JH, Sonenstein FL, Ku L. Changes in adolescent males’

use of and attitudes toward condoms. Family Planning Perspectives 25(3)106-10, 117.1993.

11. Ku L, Sonenstein FL, Pleck JH. Patterns of HIV risk and

preventive behaviors among teenage men. Public Health Rep

107(2):131-8. 1992.

12. Allen KF, Moss AJ, Giovino GA, Shopland DR, Pierce JP.

Teenage tobacco use Data estimates from the Teenage Attitudes

and Practices Survey, United States, 1989. Advance data from

vitrd and health statistiw, no 224. Hyattsville, Maryland Nationrd

Center for Health Statistics. 1992.

13. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Surgeon

General’s Report on Nutrition and Health. DHHS (PHS)

88-50210. Washington. 1988.

14. Fingerhut L& Jones C, Makuc DM. Firearm and motor vehicle

injury mortality-variations by State, race, and ethnicity: United

States, 1990-91. Advance data from vital and health statistics,

no 242. Hyattsville, Maryland National Center for Herdth

Statistics. 1994.

15. Weiss RA. How does HIV cause AIDS? Science 260:1273-8.

1993.

16. Kelder SH, Perry CL, Klepp KI, Lytle LL. Longitudinal tracking of adolescent smokmg, physical activity, and food choice

behaviors. AJPH 84(7)1121-6. 1994.

17. Escobedo LG, Marcus SD, Holtzman D, Giovino GA. Sports

participation, age at smoking initiation, and the risk of smoking

among U.S. high school students. JAMA 269(11):1391–5. 1993.

18. Mensch B, Kandel DB. Drug use as a risk factor for premarital

teen pregnancy and abortion in a national sample of young

white women. Demography 29(3):409-29. 1992.

19. Willard J, Schoenbom CA. Relationship between cigarette

smoking and other unhealthy behaviors among our Nation’s

youti United States, 1992. Advance data from vital and health

statistics, no 263. Hyattsville, Maryland National Center for

Health Statistics. 1995.

20. Kandel D, Yamaguchi K. From beer to crack developmental

patterns of drug involvement. AJPH 83(6):851-5. 1993.

21. Lowry R, Holtzman D, Truman BI, Kann L, Collins JL, Kolbe

LJ. Substance use and HIV-related sexual behaviors among U.S.

high school students: are they related? AJPH 84(7):1116-20.

1994.

22. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy

people 2000: National herdth promotion and disease prevention

objectives. Washington Public Health Service. 1990.

23. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Participation of

high school students in school physical education, United

States, 1990. MMWR 40(35):607,613-5. 1991.

24. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Tobacco use among

high school students, United States, 1990. MMWR 40(36}617-9.

1991.

25. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Attempted suicide

among high school students, United States, 1990. MMWR

40(37):633-5. 1991.

26. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Current tobacco,

alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine use among high school students, United States, 1990. WR 40(38):659-63. 1991.

27. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Weapon carrying

among high school students, United States, 1990. MMWR

40(40)681-t. 1991.

28. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Body weight

perceptions and selected weight management goals and practices of high school students, United States, 1990. MMWR

40(43):741,747-50. 1991.

29. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Alcohol and other

drug use among high school students, United States, 1990.

MMWR 40(45):77&7,783-4. 1991.

30. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexual behavior

among high school students, United States, 1990. MMWR

40(51)885-8. 1992.

18
31. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Vigorous physical

activity among high school students, United States, 1990.

MMWR 41(3):33-5. 1992.

32, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Physicrd fighting

among high school students, United States, 1990. MMWR

41(6):91-4. 1992.

33. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Safety belt use and

helmet use among high school students, United States, 1990.

MMWR 41(24):111-4. 1992.

34. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Selected behaviors

that increase risk for HIV infection among high school students,

United States, 1990. MMWR 41(14):231,237=10. 1992.

35. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Selected tobaccouse behaviors and dietary patterns among high school students,

United States, 1991. MMWR 41(24):417–21. 1992.

36. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Participation in

school physical education and selected dietary patterns among

high school students, United States, 1991. MMWR 41(33)597–

601,607, 1992.

37. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Tobacco, alcohol,

and other drug use among high school students, United States,

1991. MMWR 41(37):69&703. 1992.

38. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Behaviors related

to unintentional and intentional injuries among high school

students, United States, 1991. MMWR 41(41):760-5,771-2.

1992.

39. Centemfor Disease Control mdPrevention. Selected behavio~

that increase risk for HIV infection, other sexually transmitted

diseases, and unintended pregnancy among high school students, United States, 1991. MMWR 41(50):945-50,771-2. 1992.

40. Centers for Disease Control ad Prevention. Healtinskbehaviors among persons aged 12–21 years, United States, 1992.

MMWR 43(13). 1994.

41, Centers for Disease Control mdPrevention. Hedtitiskbehaviors among adolescents who do and do not attend school,

United States, 1992. MMWR 43(8). 1994.

42.

43.

44,

45.

46.

47.

48.

49.

50.

51.

Benson V, Marano MA. Current estimates from the National

Health Interview Survey. National Center for Health Statistics.

Vital Health Stat 10(189). 1993.

Vanderschmidt HF, Lang JM, Knight-Williams ~ Vanderschmidt GF. Risks among inner-city young teens: the prevalence of sexual activity, violence, dregs, and smoking. Adolescent

Health 14:28241993.

Kalton G, Cannell C, Cambum D, et al. Applied research on the

conduct of surveys of adolescent health behaviors and characteristics: October 1990-May 1991. The University of Michigan

School of Public Health and Survey Research Center. August

1991.

U.S. Bureau of the Census. United States population estimates,

by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origim 1980-91. Current

population reporty Series P–25, no 1095. Washington U.S.

Department of Commerce. 1993.

National Center for Health Statistics. Herdth, United States,

1993. Hyattsville, Maryland Public Herdth Service. 1994.

Ventura SJ, Martin J~ Taffel SM, et al. Advance data of final

natality statistics, 1992. Monthly vital statistics repow vol 43

no 5, suppl. Hyattsville, Maryland: National Center for Health

Statistics. 1994.

Moss ~ Allen I@, Giovino GA Mills SL. Recent trends in

adolescent smoking, smoking-uptake correlates, and expectations about the future. Advance data from vital and health

statistics, no 221. Hyattsville, Maryland: National Center for

Health Statistics. 1992.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Premarital sexual

experience among adolescent women, United States, 1970-88.

MMWR 39(51–52):929-32. 1991.

Podschun GD. Teen Peer Outreach-Street Work Projecb HIV

prevention education for runaway and. homeless youth. Public

Health Rep 108(2):15&5. 1993.

Kipke MD, Montgomery S, MacKenzie RG. Substance use

among youth seen at a community-based health clinic. J Adolescent Health 14(4)289-94. 1993.

19
List of detailed tables

1. Percent distribution of youth 12–21 years of age by

selected tobacco use measures, according to sex, age,

Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic

origin United States, 1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. Percent distribution of youth 12–21 years of age by

selected alcohol use measures, according to sex, age,

Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic

origim United States, 1992.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. Percent distribution of youth 12–21 years of age by

selected illegal drug use measures and perceived risks

associated with drug use, according to sex, age, Hispanic

origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origim United

States, 1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. Percent distribution of never-married youth 14-21 years of

age by selected sexual experience measures, according to

sex, age, Hkpanic origin, and race for youth of nonHispanic origin United States, 1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by

HIV/AIDS education, according to sex, age, Hispanic

origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origim United

States, 1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by

selected runaway and homeless experiences, according to

sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non21 Hispanic origin United States, 1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

7. Percent distribution of youth 12–21 years of age by

selected behaviors related to intentional injuries, according

to sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non24 Hispanic origin United States, 1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

8. Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by

selected safety measures related to unintentional injuries,

according to sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth

of non-Hisprmic origin United States, 1992 . . . . . . . . . . 38

27 9. Percent distribution of youth 12–21 years of age by

perceived weight status and selected weight control measures, according to sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race for

youth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1992 . . . . . 40

32 10. Percent distribution of youth 12–21 years of age by

participation in selected physical activities in past week,

according to sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth

of non-Hispanic origim United States, 1992 . . . . . . . . . . 42

34

20
Table 1. Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by selected tobacco use measures, according to sex, age, Hispanic origin, and

race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: United Statea, 1992

Age Non-Hispsnic origin Hispanic origin

All ages

12-21 12–13 14-17 18-21 All Mexisen Other

Selected tobacco use measures years yeara years yeara White Black Hispanic Americsnl Hispanicz

Both sexes3

Eversmoked a cigarette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes, afewpuffa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes,awholaclgarette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AgesmokedfiratwhoIecigarette4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10yearsoryounger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-14yaara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-21 yeat3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dayssmokedcigarettesin pastmonth . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neversmokedawholecigarette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9daye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-29daye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A1130days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Averaga number smoked perdayinpaatmonth5 . . . . . . .

lclgarelteorleee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-5clgarettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6-10cigarattes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan 10cigarettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Eversmokedcigarettes regularlfi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agefirstsmokedcigsrettesregularly7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12yeareoryounger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-14yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-16yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-21 year3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Triadquitsmoklng inpaet6monthss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usedchawlngtobacoo/snuffinpaatmonth . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . ,,, ,..,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yea . o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usadchewlngtobaccoonly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usedsnuffonly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usadchewlngtobaccoandsnuff.. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Males

Eversmokedacigarette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes,afewpuffa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes,awholeclgarette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agesmokedfiratwholeclgarette4... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10year80ryounger .o. o., .,o.o . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-14yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-21 year8 . .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Daysemokedclgaretteeln pastmonth . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neversmokedawholecigarstte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nona . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-29days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A1130days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

100.0

10.0

49.9

40.0

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

50.4

22.6

5.5

4.9

5.1

11.6

100.0

23.7

31.6

17.3

27.4

100.0

22.1

77.9

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

53.s

48,2

100.0

92.5

7.5

1.2

3.3

3.0

100.0

10.4

49.8

39.8

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

50.7

20.9

5.8

4.6

5.1

12.7

100.0

9.5

20.5

70.0

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

80.0

11.6

3.4

2.6

1.4

1.1

100.0

51.2

36.3

*5.5

7.0

100.0

4.7

95.3

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

88.4

30.5

100.0

97.1

2.9

0.7

1.5

0.7

100.0

9.6

21.2

69.3

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

80.0

11.9

3.0

2.3

1.8

1.4

100.0

10.7

4&2

41.1

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

52.1

21.6

6.1

5.5

5.8

8.9

100.0

27.5

38.1

15.5

18.8

100.0

18.8

81.2

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

55.6

43.4

100.0

91.0

9.0

1.5

3.4

4.0

100.0

11.3

4s.1

40.6

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

52.4

20.0

6.9

5.4

5.8

9.5

100.0

9.7

e7.3

23.1

100.0

10.8

36.3

52.9

100.0

33.0

29.4

5.8

5.5

6.5

19.8

100.0

17.9

26.5

19.9

35.7

100.0

34.5

65.5

100.0

11.7

20.0

31.0

37.3

100.0

49.e

50.2

100.0

91.5

8.5

1.1

4.2

3.3

100.0

9.9

67.4

22.6

100.0

13.6

35.4

50.8

100.0

32.6

26.8

6.3

5.6

6.4

22.1

Percent distribution

100.0

9.4

53.e

36.8

100.0

12.4

37.8

49.8

100.0

46.4

22.7

5.5

5.0

6.0

14.4

100.0

21.3

29.3

17.6

31.7

100.0

26.2

73.8

100.0

12.9

20.9

31.1

35.1

100.0

52.9

47.1

100.0

80.5

9.5

1.5

4.0

4.0

100.0

9.6

5s.0

37.5

Ici).o

16.6

37.2

46.2

100.0

47.4

21.0

5.8

4.8

5.6

15.5

100.0

12.9

37.9

49.2

100.0

5.6

2e.o

66.3

100.0

62.7

22.3

5.1

2.8

2.5

4.7

100.0

33.5

36.0

19.8

10.6

100.0

10.3

89.7

100.0

●4.O

14.5

35.5

46.0

100.0

53.6

46.2

100.0

97.4

2.6

*0.4

1.3

*0.9

120.0

12.7

37.8

49.8

100.0

7.4

25.1

67.7

100.0

63.0

19.9

5,1

3.1

2.9

5.9

100.0

11.2

45.6

43.2

100.0

4.8

38.8

56.5

100.0

55.0

22.6

6.0

6.1

4.3

6.1

100.0

33.9

39.7

13.0

13.3

100.0

15.0

85.0

100.0

7.2

16.2

29.0

47.6

100.0

54.7

45.3

100.0

97.1

2.9

*0.6

1.6

*O.?

100.0

13.1

4e.2

38.8

100.0

*5.5

37.0

57.5

100.0

52.4

20.7

7.0

6.8

5.2

7.9

100.0

10.8

46.3

42.9

100.0

*4.4

8s.3

59.4

100.0

64.1

22.8

6.2

7.2

5.0

4.7

100.0

36.3

42.6

10.0

11.2

100.0

14.3

85.7

100.0

7.2

*14.9

32.7

45.2

100.0

55.1

44.9

100.0

97.6

2.4

W.5

*1.2

W.7

100.0

12.2

49.5

38.4

100.0

●5.O

84.6

60.1

100.0

51.1

20.5

7.4

8.7

5.9

6.4

100.0

11.9

44.5

43.7

100.0

*5.4

42.7

51.9

100.0

56.3

22.4

5.5

4.2

3.2

8.4

100.0

29.8

34.7

18.5

17.3

100.0

16.1

53.9

100.0

7.3

*17.9

●23.8

51.0

100.0

5s.9

46.1

100.0

86.3

3.7

●0.7

*2.2

*0.9

100.0

14.4

45.9

39.6

100.0

*6.5

41.1

52.4

100.0

54.8

20.9

6.2

X3.4

*4.1

10.6

21
Table 1. Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by selected tobacco use measures, according to sex, age, Hispanic origin, and

race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1992-Con.

Age Non-Hispanic origin Hispanic origin

All ages

12–21 12–13 14-17 18-21 All Mexican Other

Selected tobacou use measures years yeara yeara yeara White Black Hispanic Amerioanq Hispanicz

Male3-Oon.

Average number smoked per day in past months . . . . . . .

Icigarette orless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2+Scigarettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6-10cigarettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan 10cigarettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Eversmoked cigarettes regulari~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agefiratsmoked cigarettes regularly7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12yearsoryounger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-14yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-16yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17–21 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ttfadquitsmokinginpast6monthss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Used chewingtobaccdsnuffinp aetmonth . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usedchewingtobaccoonly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usadsnuffonly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usedchewingtobaccoandsnuff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female3

Eversmokedacigarette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes, afewpuffs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes, awholecigarette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agesmokedfiratwhole cigarette4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10yearsoryounger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ll-14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-21 yeaffi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dayesmokedcigarattesin paatmonth . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neversmokedawholecigarette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-29days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A1130days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Average number smoked perdayinpastmonth5 . . . . . . .

lcigaretteorless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-5cigarettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6-10cigarettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan 10cigarettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Eversmoked cigarettes ragularlys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agefir~smoked cigarettes regularly7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12yearsoryounger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18-14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-21 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Triadquitsmoking inpast6monthss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

100.0

23.2

29.2

16.7

30.9

t00.0

22.8

77.2

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

50.9

49.1

100.0

86.5

13.5

2.1

5.7

5.7

t00.0

9.7

50.1

40.2

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

too.o

50.1

24.3

5.1

4.9

5.2

10.5

100.0

24.4

34.3

17.9

23.4

Ioir.o

21.4

78.6

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

57.1

42.9

100.0

45.2

35.0

V.6

*I 1.6

100.0

5.3

94.7

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

69.6

30.4

100.0

95.2

4.8

*1.1

2.6

*1.2

100.0

9.5

19.9

70.7

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

80.0

11.3

3.9

2.8

*1.2

*0.8

100.0

56.5

37.6

%3.3

9.6

100.0

4.2

95.8

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

69.1

30.9

100.0

28.9

34.0

14.9

22.3

100.0

18.6

81.4

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

52.2

47.8

100.0

84.4

15.6

2.7

5.5

7.4

100.0

10.1

48.3

41.6

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

51.8

23.2

5.4

5.5

5.9

8.2

100.0

25.9

42.9

16.3

15.0

100.0

19.0

81.0

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

61.5

38.5

100.0

16.7

25.3

16.9

39.1

100.0

36.6

63.2

100.0

13.2

19.5

28.1

39.2

100.0

47.5

52.5

100.0

84.0

16.0

2.0

7.7

6.4

100.0

9.4

67.1

23.5

100.0

7.9

37.1

54.9

100.0

33.2

31.9

5.4

5.3

6.5

17.6

100.0

19.2

27.9

21.0

32.0

100.0

32.4

67.6

100.0

10.1

20.5

34.2

35.2

100.0

52.3

47.7

Percent distribution

100.0

21.1

26.3

17.0

35.5

100.0

26.0

74.0

100.0

15.1

20.4

28.6

35.9

100.0

49.8

50.2

100.0

82.3

17.7

2.7

7.2

7.7

1OQ.O

9.2

54.6

36.2

100.0

8.5

38.4

53.1

100.0

45.5

24.4

5.2

5.1

6.4

13.4

100.0

21.5

32.5

18.3

27.8

100.0

26.3

73.7

100.0

10.7

21.5

33.6

34.3

100.0

56.2

43.8

100.0

28.8

36.2

19.7

15.3

100.0

12.5

87.5

100.0

*4.8

*1 2.6

31.7

50.4

100.0

50.6

49.4

100.0

96.5

3.5

*0.6

1.9

*0.9

100.0

13.1

38.0

48.9

100.0

*4.2

30.8

65.2

100.0

62.4

24.7

5.1

2.4

2.0

3.5

100.0

39.5

35.8

20.1

*4.3

100.0

8.2

91.8

100.0

●2.8

*1 7.6

41.5

38.7

100.0

57.9

42.1

100.0

32.4

36.3

12.8

18.5

100.0

17.5

82.5

100.0

*8.5

*16.6

26.3

46.4

100.0

51.3

48.7

100.0

95.4

4.6

*0.9

2.5

*1.1

100.0

9.3

42.9

47.9

100.0

9.8

41.1

55.1

100.0

57.6

24.7

4.9

5.3

3.3

4.2

100.0

36.2

45.0

13.4

*5.2

100.0

12.4

87.6

100.0

*5.2

*11 .9

33.3

49.6

100.0

59.9

40.4

100.0

34.0

41.0

*8.8

15.8

100.0

16.4

83.6

100.0

7.9

*15.7

+!30.7

45.0

100.0

53.2

46.8

100.0

96.0

4.0

W.9

*1.8

*1 .3

100.0

9.2

42.7

46.0

100.0

%3.4

38.8

57.8

100.0

57.5

25.3

5.0

5.5

3.9

%8

100.0

40.2

45.3

●11.7

%?.3

100.0

12.0

88.0

100.0

*5.9

●11.8

%6.8

*45.6

100.0

58.4

41.6

100.0

28.5

26.9

*20.2

23.8

100.0

19.3

80.7

100.0

W5

*23.8

*1 9.0

*48.8

100.0

47.1

52.4

100.0

94.3

5.7

*1.0

Q.7

*0.9

100.0

9.4

43.0

47.6

100.0

*4.3

43.9

51.9

100.0

57.8

23.7

*4.9

*4.9

*2.4

6.2

100.0

31.4

44.4

*1 5.7

W.2

100.0

13.1

86.9

100.0

*4.5

*1 0.4

*29.9

*53.7

100.0

62.0

38.0

22
Table l. Percent distribution ofyouth 12-21 years ofageby seleded tobacco usemeasures, according tosex, age, Hispanic origin, and

race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1992-Con.

Age Non-Hispanic origin Hispanic origin

All ages

12–21 12–13 14-77 18-21 Mexican Other

Selected tobacco use measures years year3 years yeara White Black H#’’rric Amerioarrl Hispanic*

Female3-Con. Percent distribution

Used chewing tobamoknuff in past month . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 lm.o

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.5 83.1 98.0 98.7 98.7 98.2 98.9 99.4 98.1

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 *0.9 2.0 1.3 1.3 ●I .8 *1.1 W.6 ●1.9

Usadohewingtobaoooonly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 *0.3 m.3 *0.2 m.3 *0.2 *0.2 WI *0.5

Usedsnuffonly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.9 *0.4 1.2 0.8 0.8 *0.7 ●0.5 W.5 *0.6

Usedchewlngtobaccosndsnuff... . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 *0.1 W.5 *0.3 T.3 ●0.9 *0.3 *- *0.8

1IffiludesMexloanftJexiofmo, MexioanAmerisan,endChkano.

21Mlude3puefio RIMn, @bfm, C,thsf~tin ~efl~, fisr SpsniSh,end muMpleH@atic Ofigin (em appendices I and N).

%oludee non.Hispenlcracialgroupsnotshowneepsrateiyendunknownif Hiepenicori9in.

+sjudee those13-21 yeare of age whoever smokeda VdIob Ci9Sre~e.

si~ludee thoseMO emokedin pastMonth.

%iegularly’definedaa at leastona cigarettea day for I month.

%oludaa those1s-21 yearsof age whoever smokedcigarettesrwulerk.

sl~[udea thosewhowere amoklngC@EttSS h She Past6 monthe.

NOTE Oenominatwaexcludeunknowns.

23
Table 2. Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by selected alcohol uae measures, according to sex age, Hispanic origin, and

race foryouth ofnon-Hispanic origin: United States, 1982

Age Non-Hispanic origin Hispanic origin

,4// ages

12–21 12-13 14-17 18-21 Ail Mexican Other

Selected almhol use measures years years years years White Black Hispanic Americsurf Hispenlc2

Both sexes3

Everhad adrinkofalcohol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agehadfiratdrinkofalooho14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10yearsand under . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ll–12years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-16yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17–21 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Daysdrankalcoholin lifetime.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverdrank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-39days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40-89days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100daysormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Daysdrsnkalcoholinpastmonth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverdrank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

%9days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10daysormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Days had 5 drinka or more within a couple of hours

(in pastmonth) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverdrank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Drankbutnever50rmoreinarow . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l–2days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10daysormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Drove after drinking aloohols,e

(in paatmonth) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l ime. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-3times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rode with driver who had been drinking alcohol

(inpastrnonth ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l ime. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-3times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male3

Everhadadrinkofalcohol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agehadfiratdrinkofalcoho14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10yearsand under . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ll–12years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-14yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17–21 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

100.0

67.7

32.3

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

32.7

15.0

11.9

18.6

9.4

12.5

100.0

33.0

22.2

20.0

18.1

6.8

100.0

31.9

5.5

37.0

13.7

9.6

2.3

100.0

70.4

13.6

10.6

5.3

100.0

75.1

10.4

8.8

5.7

100.0

67.5

32.5

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

,..

100.0

28.9

71.1

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

71.1

14.0

6.9

5.4

1.2

1.5

100.0

71.2

15.1

9.3

3.4

1.0

100.0

69.0

4.6

.21.8

3.4

1.0

W.2

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

88.3

4.7

4.1

2.9

100.0

30.0

70.0

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

67.3

32.7

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

33.0

17.9

i4.9

20.2

7.6

6.3

100.0

33.3

26.8

20.0

15.5

4.3

100.0

32.1

5.9

40.1

13.0

7.2

1.6

100.0

78.2

12.1

6.4

3.4

100.0

77.9

9.6

7.2

5.0

100.0

66.7

33.3

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

87.4

12.6

100.0

6.5

9.3

22.3

34.6

27.3

100.0

12.9

12.6

11.5

23.8

15.3

24.1

100.0

13.0

21.4

25.4

28.1

12.1

100.0

12.6

5.5

41.9

19.7

16.3

4.0

100.0

67.7

14.2

12.1

6.0

100.0

85.2

14.1

12.7

8.0

100.0

87.8

12.3

100.0

8.8

11.8

21.4

34.4

23.7

Percent distribution

100.0

70.1

29.9

100.0

6.7

10.4

24.9

35.1

23.0

100.0

30.1

12.0

11.6

20.3

11.1

14.9

100.0

30.4

21.7

19.9

20.3

7.6

100.0

29.7

4.7

36.2

15.3

11.4

2.8

100.0

68.8

14.5

10.9

5.8

100.0

74.7

10.9

8.7

5.6

100.0

69.3

30.7

100.0

9.4

12.5

23.6

34.4

20.0

100.0

62.2

37.8

100.0

6.3

7.6

11.8

35.2

39.0

100.0

38.5

22.9

13.6

13.4

5.0

6.7

100.0

38.7

23.3

20.7

12.6

4.8

100.0

36.5

8.6

40.2

9.1

4.5

*0.9

100.0

73.9

10.7

11.6

3.8

100.0

73.9

9.8

9.0

7.3

100.0

62.6

37.4

100.0

6.6

10.7

10.2

36.0

36.4

100.0

64.4

35.6

100.0

5.9

6.0

20.3

35.1

32.8

100.0

36.2

21.8

12.7

15.8

6.6

7.0

100.0

36.2

22.1

22.0

14.5

5.1

100.0

34.7

5.1

38.1

13.0

7.5

1.6

73.2

11.7

9.7

5.4

100.0

75.3

10.1

8.9

5.6

100.0

66.9

33.1

100.0

8.4

8.7

25.6

34.9

22.3

100.0

64.0

36.0

100.0

6.2

*4.7

21.0

36.9

31.2

100.0

36.6

21.3

12.0

15.9

7.4

6.9

100.0

36.7

20.9

21.9

14.6

5.7

100.0

35.0

4.9

36.7

13.8

8.0

*1.6

100.0

67.1

15.1

11.9

*6.1

100.0

72.6

10.7

10.0

6.6

100.0

68.4

31.5

100.0

7.9

*6.2

24.5

36.9

24.5

100.0

65.0

35.0

IWO

*5.5

V.8

19.2

32.4

35.1

100.0

35.5

22.6

13.7

15.6

5.2

7.3

35.5

24.0

22.2

14.1

4.2

100.0

34.0

5.5

40.4

11.8

6.7

*1.6

100.0

62.8

*6.5

*6.5

*4.4

100.0

79.8

9.3

7.3

3.6

100.0

84.3

35.7

100.0

%t.4

*13.1

27.5

31.6

18.4

24
Table 2. Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by eelected alcohol use measures, according to sex, age, Hispanic origin, and

race foryouth ofnon-Hispanlc origin: United States, 1992-Con.

Age Non-Hispanic origin Hispanic origin

Ail agas

12-21 12–13 14-17 16-21 All Mexican Other

Selacted alcohol use measures years yeara years yeara White Black Hispanic Amerfcanl Hispsnic2

Male3-Con.

Daysdrankalcohol inlifafime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Never drank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-39days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40-99days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100daysormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Daysdrankalooholinpastmonth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverdrank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10daysormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Days had 5 drinka or more within a couple of hours

(In pastmonth) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverdrank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Drankbutnever50rmoreinarow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10daysormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Drove after drinking alcoho15,e

(In pastmonth), . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Itlme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2+tlmes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4tlmesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Roda with driver who had baen drinking aloohol

(in pestmonth) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Itlme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-3times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Females

Everhadadrinkofalcohol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

%s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agehadfirstdrinkofalooho14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10yearsandunder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-12years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-21 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Daysdrankalcohol inlifetime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverdrank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-39days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40-99days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100daysormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Daysdrankalcoholinpastmonth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverdrank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10daysormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

100.0

33.0

14.3

10.7

17.9

8.8

15.3

100.0

33.2

21.3

18.2

18.5

8.8

100.0

32.0

5.3

33.6

14.4

11.5

3.3

100.0

65.2

13.8

12.9

8.0

100.0

75.9

9.4

8.2

6.5

100.0

67.9

32.1

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

32.5

15.6

13.0

19.3

10.0

9.6

100.0

32.7

23.1

21.8

17.7

4.7

100.0

68.9

14.5

6.6

5.9

*1.3

1.8

100.0

69.9

16.2

9.8

2.9

*1.2

100.0

67.6

4.8

Z2.5

3.5

1.5

W.2

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

66.9

4.3

4.0

2.9

100.0

27.8

72.2

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

72.3

13.4

7.2

4.9

*1.1

*1.0

100.0

72.6

14.0

8.7

3.9

m.7

100.0

33.6

17.5

13.5

18.8

7.4

8.3

100.0

34.0

26.1

19.1

15.6

5.2

100.0

32.5

6.3

3e.4

12.9

7.6

2.4

100.0

73.9

12.7

8.6

4.9

100.0

79.9

8.5

6.2

5.3

100.0

67.8

32.2

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

32.4

18.4

16.3

20.7

7.9

4.4

100.0

32.6

27.6

20.9

15.4

3.4

100.0

12.5

11.1

10.2

22.4

14.2

28.6

100.0

12.6

19.3

21.8

29.8

16.4

100.0

12.2

4.6

34.7

21.8

20.8

5.9

10Q.O

62.2

14.2

14.4

9.1

100.0

64.4

13.2

12.7

9.7

100.0

87.1

12.9

100.0

4.3

7.0

23.1

34.9

30.8

100.0

13.2

14.1

12.7

25.1

16.3

18.7

100.0

13.3

23.4

28.9

26.5

7.9

Percentdiatrfbution

100.0

31.0

11.8

10.1

18.9

9.9

18.2

100.0

31.4

20.7

17.7

20.2

10.0

100.0

30.5

4.4

32.4

15.6

13.2

3.9

100.0

63.5

14.6

13.2

8.6

100.0

75.6

9.9

7.9

6.6

100.0

71.0

29.0

100.0

4.1

8.4

26.0

35.7

25.8

100.0

29.3

12.2

13.0

21.7

12.2

11.5

100.0

29.5

22.7

22.1

20.4

5.3

100.0

36.2

19.4

13.8

13.7

5.6

9.3

100.0

38.0

21.8

19.1

15.0

6.1

100.0

35.9

7.7

37.5

10.5

6.7

●I .7

100.0

6s.5

11.8

14.9

6.6

10Q.O

74.3

8.4

9.3

8.1

100.0

61.7

36.3

100.0

5.9

●4.6

13.5

34.4

41.5

lW.O

38.8

2e.3

13.3

13.0

4.3

4.1

100.0

39.5

24.8

22.2

10.1

3.4

100.0

33.8

20.3

12.1

17.3

7.3

9.2

100.0

33.8

19.8

22.0

17.3

7.1

100.0

31.8

e.2

33.8

16.0

10.1

2.3

100.0

70.5

11.6

10.3

7.5

100.0

75.2

9.1

9.5

6.2

100.0

61.7

38.3

100.0

%3.0

?2.8

14.1

35.3

45.0

100.0

38.6

23.3

13.2

14.3

5.8

4.8

100.0

38.8

24.5

22.1

11.6

3.1

100.0

32.3

21.7

12.2

17.8

7.1

8.9

100.0

32.3

18.9

25.2

16.5

7.2

100.0

30.1

6.8

33.0

17.6

10.3

*2.1

100.0

65.8

14.0

12.8

7.6

100.0

72.0

9.3

11.5

7.2

100.0

59.1

40.9

100.0

%.7

%8

16.4

36.8

39.9

100.0

41.2

20.8

11.7

13.9

7.7

4:7

100.0

41.5

23.2

18.3

12.9

4.0

100.0

36.5

18.2

11.9

16.4

7.5

9.7

100.0

36.4

21.4

16.6

18.8

6.6

1CKJ.o

34.8

●5.2

34.5

13.0

9.9

%!.6

100.0

78.1

%.1

●6.3

7.0

100.0

80.9

8.7

6.2

*4.3

100.0

65.7

34.4

100.0

●I .6

%?.8

*11.0

33.3

51.2

100.0

34.7

26.9

15.5

14.8

%0

●5.2

100.0

34.7

26.4

27.7

9.6

*1.7

25
Table 2. Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by selected alcohol use measures, according to sex, age, Hispanic origin, and

race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1992--Con.

Age Non-Hispanic origin Hispanic origin

All ages

12-21 12-13 14-17 18-21 Ail Mexican Other

Selected alcohol uae measures yeara years yeers yeara White Black Hispanic Amerfceni Hispanic2

Female3<on.

Days had 5 drinka or more within a muple of hours

(inpsat month) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Never drank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Drankbutnever50rmoreinarow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10dayaormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Drove after drinking almhols.e

(in psatmonth) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l tima . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

X3times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rode with driver who had been drinking alcohol

(inthepastmonth) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

I time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-8times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0

31.8

5.7

40.5

13.1

7.7

1.3

100.0

75.8

13.4

S.2

2.6

100.0

74.2

11.5

9.3

5.0

100.0

70.5

4.4

20.9

3.4

W.8

W.2

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

87.6

5.2

4.2

2.9

100.0

31.8

5.5

41.8

13.2

6.9

0.8

100.0

82.9

11.5

4.0

*1.7

100.0

75.8

11.2

8.3

4.8

100.0

12.9

8.4

48.8

17.7

12.0

2.2

100.0

73.4

14.1

9.7

2.8

100.0

65.9

15.0

12.8

6.3

Percent di~ribution

100.0 100.0

28.8 37.2

5.0 9.6

40.0 43.1

15.0 7.8

9.5 2.2

1.7 *o. 1

100.0 1C4).O

74.2 62.4

14.3 9.4

8.5 7.9

3.0 ●0.4

100.0 100.0

73.7 73.6

12.0 11.2

9.5 8.8

4.8 6.5

100.0

37.7

4.0

43.0

9.9

4.7

*0.6

100.0

76.8

11.9

8.8

*2.5

100.0

75.5

11.3

8.3

5.0

100.0

40.6

*2.7

40.9

9.4

5.4

*1.0

100.0

68.9

16.7

*1 0.5

*3.9

100.0

73.2

12.2

8.2

6.3

100.0

33.4

5.6

45.8

10.8

3.6

W.6

100.0

8&O

*4.8

%.2

*1.0

100.0

76.8

9.9

8.3

%.0

l[ncludesMege~o, MexisanArnerisan, ~dchiwo.

%clutjespuertoRlcan, Cuban,etiserl&in Ameriosn,otherSpsntsh,sndmultipleliispsnk Od@S(SSSSppSrKMS Isndil).

%cludesnon-l+spsnic racialgroupenotshawneapsrstelysndunknownifl’Ii.WdcoIi9in.

%cludesthoeelS-21 yesrsofagawhoavsr drerskalwtsal.

%aludesthoaawlso drankalcuholinthe Paatmonth.

6[nctudesyouur16-21 Yasm of W/s.

NOTE Denominatorsexcludeunknowns.

26
Table 3: Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by selected illegal drug use measures and perceived risks associated with

drug use, according to sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1992

Age Non-Hispanic origin Hispanic origin

All ages

122?1 12–13 14-17 18-21 .41 Mexican Other

Selected illegal drug use measures yeara years years years White Black Hispanic Amerioanl Hispanicz

Both sexes3

Evertrled marijuana, cocaine, oranytype ofillegal drug . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Evertried marijuana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agefirettried marijuana4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12yearsand under . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-14yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-21 yeare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timesused marijuanain lifetime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverusad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10=39tlmas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40-99tlmes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Times used marijuanain pastmonth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverused . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9tlmes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Evertriedanyformofcocalne5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agefirsttrledcocaine6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14yearsandunder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-21 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timesusedcocaineinlifetime.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverused . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9timas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lrX39times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timesusadcocainein pastmonth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverueed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10tlmesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timestrled cracWfreebaseforms inlifetime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverusedanyformofcooaine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usedcocalne butneverusedcrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tlmesused anyotherillegal druginlifetime7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None, , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2tlmes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9t[mes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-39timee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Overtaken steroid pills/shots without aprescnption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

100.0

31.0

69.0

100.0

27.5

72.5

. . .

. . .

.<.

. . .

. . .

100.0

72.5

7.4

5.9

7.0

2.6

4.6

100.0

72.5

16.7

4.7

2.9

3.2

100.0

5.9

84.1

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

94.2

2.3

1.3

1.4

0.7

100.0

94.1

4.6

0.7

0.3

0.2

100.0

94.2

2.9

1.5

0.7

0.7

100.0

87.4

5.0

2.9

3.0

1.7

100.0

1.3

98.7

100.0 100.0 100.0

7.3 25.9 49.0

92.7 74.1 51.0

100.0 100.0 100.0

3.7 21.5 48.4

88.3 78.5 53.6

. . . . . . 100.0

. . . . . . 13.0

. . . . . . 22.0

. . . . . . 32.5

. . . . . . 32.4

100.0 100.0 100.0

88.3 76.5 53.7

2.5 6.7 10.7

W.6 5.2 9.6

●0.5 5.3 12.3

%3.0 1.7 4.8

WI 2.6 9.0

100.0 100.0 100.0

88.3 78.6 53.7

2.3 11.4 29.7

1.0 4.7 6.7

●0.3 2.9 4.4

W.2 2.5 5.6

100.0 100.0 100.0

W.3 2.9 11.9

88.6 97.1 88.1

. . . . . . 100.0

. . . . . . 11.8

. . . . . . 32.1

. . . . . . 56.1

100.0 100.0 100.0

88.6 97.3 88.3

*0.3 1.2 4.5

*- 0.5 2.8

W.o 0.7 3.0

*- %3.2 1.4

100.0 100.0 100.0

39.6 97.2 88.1

●0.2 1.9 9.7

●0.2 0.5 1.3

*- W3 0.5

●0.O ml 0.4

100.0 100.0 100.0

88.6 97.3 88.2

W.O 1.2 6.2

*0.3 0.6 2.8

*— 0.5 1.2

●0.O W.3 1.5

100.0 100.0 100.0

97.2 89.6 60.0

1.7 4.7 7.0

0.7 2.2 4.7

T.3 2.3 5.2

+0.1 1.2 3.1

100.0 100.0 100.0

0.7 1.5 1.6

88.3 98.5 98.4

Percent distribution

100.0

33.5

66.5

100.0

29.8

70.2

100.0

12.3

22.2

33.0

32.5

100.0

70.2

7.3

6.5

7.7

2.9

5.4

100.0

70.2

18.1

5.1

3.1

3.5

100.0

6.5

93.5

100.0

13.1

34.1

52.6

100.0

93.7

2.6

1.6

1.4

0.8

100.0

93.5

5.2

0.8

0.3

WI

100.0

93.6

3.3

1.8

0.7

0.7

100.0

84.6

5.9

3.6

3.8

2.2

100.0

1.4

98.6

100.0

25.3

74.7

100.0

22.7

77.3

100.0

12.1

20.9

34.4

32.7

100.0

77.4

8.8

4.1

5.1

1.8

2.7

100.0

77.4

13.7

3.7

2.7

2.4

100.0

2.5

97.8

100.0

●-

‘V9.3

81.7

100.0

97.7

1.0

%).4

*0.7

*0.2

100.0

97.5

1.7

W.3

W.5

●0. I

100.0

97.7

1.1

W.9

%.1

*0.2

t 00.0

96.7

1.7

●0.8

*0.5

*0.3

t 00.0

1.1

96.9

100.0

27.6

72.2

100.0

23.9

76.1

100.0

16.9

16.6

30.6

34.0

100.0

76.1

7.2

5.2

5.8

2.2

3.5

100.0

76.2

13.7

4.8

2.6

2.9

100.0

7.0

93.0

100.0

%.2

32.0

59.8

100.0

93.1

3.1

●1.0

2.1

*0.7

100.0

93.0

4.9

●1.0

*0.4

*0.6

100.0

93.1

3.4

1.7

‘0.7

*1.1

100.0

80.3

4.9

2.5

1.4

*I .0

100.0

1.4

98.6

100.0

28.4

71.7

100.0

23.8

76.2

100.0

17.3

21.7

29.0

31.7

100.0

76.2

7.1

4.4

6.3

2.4

3.5

100.0

76.3

14.0

4.0

2.6

2.9

100.0

7.8

92.3

100.0

●10.6

%28.9

60.6

IOQ.O

92.3

3.3

*1.2

2.4

*0.6

100.0

92.3

4.9

●1.1

●0.6

*1.0

100.0

92.3

3.3

2.2

*1.0

*1.2

100.0

89.1

6.0

2.1

*1.7

*1.2

100.0

*1.7

98.3

100.0

26.9

73.1

100.0

24.1

75.9

100.0

*1 6.4

*1 4.0

32.8

37.2

100.0

75.9

7.2

6.5

5.0

*1.9

3.5

100.0

75.9

13.3

5.4

*2.3

3.1

100.0

5.8

84.2

100.0

%3.9

%37.7

*53.4

100.0

84.4

2.9

●0.7

*1.6

*0.4

100.0

84.2

4.9

*0.8

●o. 1

*—

100.0

84.4

3.6

*0.9

*0.2

*0.9

100.0

92.2

3.1

3.0

*1.0

*0.7

100.0

*1.0

88.0

27
Table 3: Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by selected illegal drug use measures and perceived risks associated with

drug use, according to sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origlm Unfted States, 1992-Con.

Age Non-HLspanicorigin Hispanic origin

All ages

12-21 12-13 14-17 18-21 All Mexican Other

Seleofsd illsgal drug use msaswes ye8r3 years years yeat3 Whife Black Hispanic Amerfcanl Hispsnic2

Both sexe@-Con.

How much risk with ocssskmal drug uew

All statuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,., ,., ,.. . . . . . . . . . .

Alotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. ...,,,, . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Some ask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Little/no rfsk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neveruseddrugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,,,,

Alotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Somerisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Little/nonsk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , , , . . . , ., ., . . , . . . , , ,

Everuseddrugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , , . . . , , ,, , , , , . ,, . # # , , ,,

Somerisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . , . . . , ,, , , , , . , . , ,. . . , .

LittIe/norisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Howmuchriskwith regulsrdrugusrst

Allstatuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,..,,.

Alotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Some rfsk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Little/nonsk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neveruseddrugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Some risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Littlehor ilk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Everusaddrugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Some risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Litfle/norisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Evertried marijuana, mssine,oranytypa oflllegal&ug ..,. . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Evertried marijuana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,.

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agefirsttriedmarijuana4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 yeacs and under . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-21 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Times used marijuana in Iiiefime ., ...,., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverusad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l–2timea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-39times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40-99times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timesusedmarijuanainpastmonth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverussd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iotimesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Evertriedanyformofcocaine5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10Q.O

70.0

21.0

9.0

100.0

77.0

17.4

5.6

lm.o

543

28.3

16.3

100.0

S8.s

6.3

3.9

100,0

91.6

4.9

3.5

100.0

85.7

9.5

4.6

100.0

31.5

66.5

100.0

28.0

72.0

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

72.1

7.1

5.4

6.9

2.6

5.6

100.0

72.2

15.6

4.8

3.2

4.3

100.0

6.2

93.8

100.0

76.1

17.0

7.0

106.0

77.0

16.4

6.6

100.0

85,5

24.7

9.8

100.0

86.4

5,s

4.8

100.0

89.9

5.3

4.9

100.0

83.4

13.2

%.4

100.0

6.7

93.3

100.0

3.7

86.3

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

95.3

2.4

*0.6

●0.6

*0.O

W.1

100.0

86.3

2.2

*1.1

*0.2

*0.2

100.0

*0.2

89.8

100.0 100.0

69.8 67.0

21.9 22.2

8.3 10.8

100.0 100.0

76.2 78.3

18.7 16.4

5.2 5.2

100.0 100.0

51,7 54.8

31.2 28.7

17.2 16.4

100.0 100.0

80.3 89.4

6.1 6.9

3.6 3.6

100.0 100.0

92.4 92.1

4.7 5.0

2.9 3.0

100.0 100.0

84.7 86.5

10.0 9.0

5.4 4.6

100.0 100.0

26.3 50.6

73.7 49.2

100.0 100.0

22.1 47.8

77.9 52.2

. . . 100.0

. . . 15.1

,.. 22.4

. . . 30.8

. . . 31.6

100.0 100.0

78.0 52.3

6.7 10.2

5.0 6.5

5.1 12.4

1.5 5.2

3.7 11.4

100.0 100.0

78.0 52.3

10.3 28.8

5.0 6.7

3.4 4.7

3.3 7.6

100.0 100.0

3.2 12.8

96.8 87.2

Perosntdistribution

100.0

68.3

22.6

9.1

100.0

76.9

18.6

4.5

100.0

51.1

30.7

18.2

100.0

91.3

5.9

2.6

100.0

94.2

3.9

1.9

100.0

85.6

10.0

4.4

100.0

33.4

66.6

100.0

29.6

70.4

100.0

14.5

23.1

30.8

31.7

100.0

70.5

7.0

5.7

7.2

3.0

6.7

100.0

70.5

16.7

4.9

3.2

4.6

100.0

6.5

93.5

100.0

75.7

15.0

9.3

100.0

78.2

13.3

8.5

100.0

66.1

20.5

11.3

100.0

86.5

6.5

7.0

100.0

86.4

6.4

7.2

100.0

66.6

7.0

6.2

100.0

27.5

72.5

100.0

24.5

75.5

100.0

14.8

19.9

34.7

30.6

100.0

75.8

7.6

4.3

6.0

2.4

4.0

100.0

75.8

12.3

4.7

3.5

3.7

100.0

3.1

96.9

100.0

74.7

17.0

8.3

100.0

80.1

12.9

7.0

100.0

61.4

27.1

11.5

100.0

88.7

6.1

5.2

100.0

88.9

5.6

5.5

100.0

88.3

7.1

4,6

100.0

2e.9

70.1

100.0

27.3

72.7

100.0

15.6

19.6

29.8

34.7

104.0

72.7

7.9

5.5

7.0

*1.9

5.0

1CQ.o

72.7

15.0

4.8

3.5

3.9

100.0

8.8

91.2

100.0

75.6

16.2

8.0

100.0

81.4

12.1

6.5

100.0

61.7

26.3

12.0

100.0

89.2

6.1

4.7

100.0

90.0

5.0

5.0

100.0

87.1

8.7

●4.2

100.0

30.3

69.7

100.0

27.1

72.9

100.0

*1 5.5

21.4

30.9

32.7

100.0

73.0

8.4

4.3

7.4

%2.3

4.6

100.0

73.0

14.6

4.6

3.9

3.9

100.0

9.4

90.5

100.0

72.9

18.4

8.7

100.0

78.1

14.1

7.8

100.0

60.8

28.4

10.6

100.0

87.9

6.1

6.0

100.0

87.1

6.6

6.3

100.0

00.6

●4.1

*5.3

100.0

28.3

70.7

100.0

27.7

72.2

100.0

*1 5.9

*1 7.4

*26.6

36.6

100.0

72.2

6.8

7.7

6.1

*I .3

*5.8

100.0

72.2

15.6

*5.2

*2A

*4.O

100.0

7.6

92.4

See footnotes at end of table.

28
Table 3 Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by selected illegal drug use messures and perceived risks associated with

drug use, according to sex, age, Hispsnic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic orfgim Unftad States, 1992-Con.

Age Norr-Hiepsnio origin Hispanic origin

All ages

12-21 12-13 14-17 13-21 All Mexissrr Other

Selected illegal drug use measures years year-s yesrs years Write E/ask Hispanic Arnericanl Hispanic2

Male3-Con.

Age first triecfcucaine6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years and under . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-16yeare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-21 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timesusedccceinelniifatime.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverusad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2fimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9tlmes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-39times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timesusadcocaineinpastmonth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverused . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9tlmes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timestrlad cracldfreebaseformsin lifetime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverusadanyformofcoceine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usedcooainebutneverusedcrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9tlmes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Times used anyotherillegaldrugin lifetime7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9tlmes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-39times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Overtaken staroid pilk$shotsw ithoutaprescnption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

How much risk with occss.ional drug ussx

Allstatuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Some risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Little/norisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neveruseddrugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aiotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Somerisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Little/norisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Everuseddrugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Somerisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Liftle/norisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

How much risk with regular drug use

Allstatuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alotofrlsk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Some risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Little/norisk,.,,., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neveruseddrugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Some rfsk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Uftle/nonsk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

94.0

2.4

1.2

1.5

0.9

100.0

93.8

4.7

0.7

0.4

0.3

100.0

93.9

2.9

1.6

0.6

1.0

100.0

67.6

4.4

3.0

2.9

2.1

1CO.o

2.0

98.0

100.0

86.7

22.5

10.6

100.0

75.1

19.1

5.6

100.0

4s.4

30.4

21.2

100.0

6s.5

7.3

4.2

100.0

91.8

5.2

3.0

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

89.6

W2

●-

*-

●-

100.0

88.8

●0.2

woo

●-

●-

100.0

99.6

●-

‘W.2

●-

●-

10Q.O

88.1

*1.1

●0.3

*0.4

WI

100.0

W.6

99.4

tW.o

76.4

16.5

7.1

100.0

77.6

15.8

6.4

100.0

6s.7

28.3

*1 3.0

i 00.0

69.9

6.2

3.9

100.0

90.4

5.6

4.1

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

97.0

1.3

11.5

0.9

%).3

100.0

86.8

2.0

W.6

W.4

%2

100.0

96.9

1.4

0.6

K).3

YI.5

100.0

8U.2

4.2

2.4

1.9

1.3

100.0

2.2

97.8

100.0

86.1

24.3

9.6

100.0

73.3

21.0

5.6

100.0

46.5

32.9

20.5

100.0

89.4

6.8

3.8

100.0

92.9

4.5

2.6

100.0

10.3

32.5

57.2

lw.o

87.5

4.9

2.6

3.0

2.0

100.0

a7.3

10.1

1.2

0.8

11.6

1W.o

87.5

6.2

3.1

1.2

2.0

100.0

79.1

6.6

5.1

5.3

3.9

100.0

2.6

97.4

100.0

61.9

24.1

14.1

100.0

75.1

19.7

5.3

100.0

4s.7

29.1

22.2

100.0

68.9

8.4

4.7

100.0

91.6

5.9

2.5

Percentdiatribution

100.0

11.2

35.4

53.3

100.0

93.7

2.6

1.3

1.4

1.0

100.0

93.6

5.1

0.8

W4

W.2

100.0

93.6

3.1

1.7

0.6

1.0

100.0

84.7

5.3

3.7

3.6

2.7

100.0

22

97.8

100.0

64.2

24.2

11.6

100.0

74.3

20.6

5.1

100.0

44.3

31.7

24.0

100.0

69.7

6.9

3.4

100.0

93.9

4.3

1.9

100.0

●✍

●I 4.1

85.9

100.0

98.9

●I .4

W.4

WI.7

%3.4

100.0

98.8

2.5

w.1

V.7

●-

100.0

96.9

*1.4

●I .4

%1.o

W.2

100.0

96.6

●1.6

●0.6

W).7

T.5

100.0

●1.3

98.7

100.0

74.3

16.3

9.4

100.0

78.8

14.0

7.2

100.0

62.5

23.5

14.2

100.0

87.2

7.3

5.5

100.0

68.7

6.8

4.4

100.0

7.5

32.7

59.9

100.0

91.4

3.6

●1.3

2.8

●0.7

100.0

91.3

5.6

*1.1

●0.5

*1.1

100.0

91.4

4.6

●1.7

%).7

*1.5

100.0

90.8

3.8

2.6

●1.6

●1.1

100.0

●1.7

98.3

100.0

72.4

18.6

9.1

100.0

78.4

15.0

6.7

100.0

59.0

28.4

14.4

100.0

67.5

6.6

5.6

100.0

87.9

6.3

5.8

100.0

%.3

%0.9

59.8

100.0

90.7

3.7

●I .2

3.5

●0.9

100.0

90.7

5.2

*1.6

●0.7

●1.8

100.0

90.7

4.6

%?.1

●0.6

*1.6

100.0

90.3

4.4

%2.1

*1.8

*1.4

100.0

●1.8

98.2

100.0

73.1

17.7

9.2

100.0

78.7

14.6

6.7

100.0

60.8

24.2

15.0

100.0

87.7

6.7

5.7

100.0

88.7

5.9

5.5

100.0

%3.9

97.3

*53.8

100.0

92.8

%.5

*1.5

*1.6

*0.6

100.0

92.4

7.1

+0.4

●0.2

*—

100.0

92.8

●4.6

●1.1

*0.5

●1.0

100.0

91.7

%!.6

%7

●1.1

*0.6

1CO.o

*1 .5

98.5

100.0

70.9

20.3

8.8

1CQ.o

77.9

15.7

●6.4

100.0

56.2

30.5

●13.3

100.0

87.4

6.8

6.1

100.0

36.8

●8.9

*6.2

29
Table 3 Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by selected iilegai drug use measures and perceived risks associated with

drug use, according to sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1992-Con.

Age Non-Hispanic origin Hispanic origin

All ages

124?1 12-13 14-17 13-21 Ail Mexican Other

Seleotad illegal drug use measures years years yeara years White Black Hispanic Amerissnl Hispanlc2

Male3-Con.

Everusad drugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

%merisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Little/norisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female3

Evertriad marijuana,cooaine,oranytypa ofillagaldrug . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Evertried marijuana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agefirsttrfadmarijuana4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12yearaandunder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-14yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-16yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-21 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timesusedmarijuanain liiatime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neveruead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l–2times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-S9times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40-99fimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100timaaorrnOre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timesused marijuanainpaatmonth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverueed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l–2fimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Evertriedanyformofcocaine5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agefirattriadcooaine6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14yearaand under . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-16yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-21 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timesusedoooaine inliietime. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverused . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l–2times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9fimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-39times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timesusedoooeinein paatrnonth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neveruead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l–2times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timestriedcrackjfreebaseformsin Iiietime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverusedanyformofcocaine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usedcocainebufneverusedcrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

100.0

81.6

11.6

6.6

100.0

30.6

69.4

100.0

27.1

72.9

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

72.9

7.7

6.5

7.1

2.5

3.3

100.0

72.9

17.6

4.5

2.6

2.2

100.0

5.6

94.4

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

94.5

2.3

1.4

1.3

0.4

100.0

94.4

4.6

0.8

*0.2

*0. I

100.0

94.5

2.9

1.4

0.8

0.5

100.0

81.5

*1 5.7

*2.4

1OQ.o

7.9

92.0

100.0

3.8

96.3

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

96.3

2.6

W.6

*0.4

*0.O

*0.1

100.0

96.3

2.3

*0.9

*0.3

*0.3

100.0

*0.5

99.5

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

99.5

*0.5

*—

*0.O

*-

100.0

99.5

*0.2

*0.3

*—

*0.O

100.0

99.5

*0.O

*0.4

*-

*0.O

100.0 100.0

80.2 82.4

12.9 10.9

6.9 6.6

100.0 100.0

25.4 47.2

74.6 52.8

100.0 100.0

20.9 45.0

79.1 55.0

. . . 100.0

. . . 11.0

. . . 21.6

. . . 34.3

. . . 33.1

100.0 100.0

79.1 55.0

6.8 11.2

5.3 10.7

5.5 12.1

1.8 4.4

1.5 6.7

100.0 100.0

79.2 55.0

12.6 30.6

4.3 6.7

2.2 4.1

1.6 3.6

100.0 100.0

2.6 11.2

97.4 86.6

. . . 100.0

. . . 13.5

. . . 31.6

. . . 54.9

100.0 100.0

97.6 89.0

1.2 4.1

W5 3.0

9.4 2.9

WL2 0.9

100.0 100.0

97.5 88.9

1.8 9.4

W.4 1.3

W.3 W.2

*- W2

100.0 100.0

97.6 66.9

0.9 6.2

0.7 2.5

W6 1.3

w.1 1.1

Percentdiefribution

100.0

81.4

12.3

6.3

100.0

33.5

66.5

100.0

30.1

69.9

100.0

10.2

21.3

35.2

33.3

100.0

69.9

7.6

7.3

8.2

2.8

4.1

100.0

70.0

19,4

5.2

3.0

2.4

100.0

6.5

93.5

100.0

14.8

32.8

52.4

93.7

2.6

1.8

1.5

0.5

100.0

93.5

5.4

0.8

*0.2

*o. 1

100.0

93.6

3.6

1.5

0.8

0.5

100.0

63.1

9.0

7.9

100.0

23.1

76.9

100.0

20.9

79.0

100.0

*6.8

22.2

33.6

34.9

100.0

79.0

10.1

3.8

4.3

*1.3

*1.4

100.0

79.0

15.1

2.8

*1.9

*I .2

100.0

●1.8

96.2

*1 00.0

*-

*24.4

73.3

100.0

98.4

*0.6

●0.2

*0.7

*0.O

100.0

96.2

*0.9

*0.4

*0.2

*0.2

100.0

98.4

●0.6

*0.5

*0.2

●0.2

100.0

66.9

7.0

*6.1

100.0

25.5

74.5

100.0

20.3

79.7

100.0

18.8

*1 6.7

31.4

32.6

100.0

79.7

6.4

4.6

4.5

2.5

*1.9

100.0

79.6

12.3

4.3

*1.7

*1.6

100.0

5.1

94.9

100.0

%7

%0.6

*59.7

100.0

94.9

2.5

●0.6

*1.4

*0.6

100.0

94.9

3.9

*0.9

*0.2

*0.O

100.0

94.9

2.2

*1.7

*O.?

*0.5

100.0

85.7

*8.2

*6.3

100.0

26.2

73.8

100.0

20.0

80.0

100.0

5?0.7

%23.1

‘25.6

%0.6

100.0

80.0

5.6

4.5

5.0

*2.5

*2.4

100.0

80.1

13.3

%.4

*1.5

*1.6

100.0

5.6

94.2

100.0

*I 0.9

%26.1

*63.O

100.0

94.2

*2.7

*1.1

*1.2

*0.9

100.0

94.2

4.6

*0.6

*0.4

*0.1

94.2

*1.9

*2.4

*I .2

*0,4

100.0

89.6

*5.2

●5.6

100.0

24.5

75.4

100.0

20.6

79.4

100.0

*1 6.9

*1 0.2

K37.3

%5.6

100.0

79.4

7.5

5.4

3.9

%2.5

*1.3

100.0

79.4

11.0

5.8

*1.9

%?.1

100.0

*4.1

95.9

*1 00.0

7.7

%38.5

*53.6

100.0

95.9

%2.3

●—

*I .6

W.2

1OQ.o

95.9

*2.9

*1.2

*-

*-

100.0

95.9

%6

W.7

*-

WL7

30
Table & Percent distribution of youth 12-21 yesrs of age by selected illegal drug use measures and perceived risks associated with

drug use, according to sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1992-Con.

Age Non-Hispsrric origin Hispanic origin

All ages

12-21 12-13 14-17 18-21 All Mexican Other

Selected illegal drug use measures yeara yeara years years Write Black Hispanic Anrerioarrl Hispanicz

Female340n.

Times used any other illegal drug in liietime7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-9timee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-3etimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ever taken steroid pills/shots without a prescription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

How much risk with occasional drug use

Allstatuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Somerlsk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Little/norisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neveruseddrugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Somerisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lktlehrorisk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Everuseddrugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Somerisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Uttle/nonsk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Howmuchriskwith ragulardruguse

Allstatuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alotofrlsk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Somerisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lktle/norisk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neveruseddrugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Somerisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Little/norisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Everuseddrugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alotofrisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Somerisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Little/norisk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

87.2 86.2 89.1 60.9

5.5 2.3 5.3 7.4

2.7 ●I .2 1.9 4.4

3.1 YL3 2.7 5.0

1.4 ●0. I 1.0 2.3

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

0.7 *0.7 W7 WL6

99.3 39.3 99.3 39.4

100.0 100.0

73.4 75.7

19.5 17.5

7.2 6.6

100.0 100.0

7s.9 76.1

15.6 17.1

5.4 6.6

100.0 100.0

60.5 71.7

28.3 21.3

11.3 7.0

100.0 100.0

73.7 71.9

19.4 20.5

6.9 7.6

100.0 100.0

79.1 SI .2

16.2 13.6

4.7 5.2

100.0 100.0

57.3 61.1

28.2 26.4

13.5 10.5

100.0 100.0 100.0

91.0 66.8 91.4

5.4 5.4 5.3

3.6 5.7 3.3

100.0 100.0 100.0

91.4 89.3 92.0

4.7 5.0 4.9

3.9 5.7 3.2

100.0 100.0 100.0

80.1 65.0 89.5

7.1 *10.9 6.8

2.8 *4.O 3.7

100.0

91.7

5.4

2.9

100.0

92.5

4.1

3.4

100.0

80.8

7.0

2.3

Percent distribution

100.0

645

6.4

3.4

4.0

1.6

100.0

0.5

99.5

100.0

72.4

21.0

6.6

100.0

79.5

16.7

3.8

100.0

57.9

29.7

12.4

100.0

93.0

4.9

2.1

100.0

94.6

3.5

1.8

100.0

89.6

7.6

2.6

100.0

86.8

●1.9

W.9

W.4

WI

100.0

*0.9

99.1

100.0

77.2

13.5

9.3

100.0

77.7

12.6

9.7

100.0

74.9

17.2

7.9

100.0

S5.8

5.6

8.8

100.0

64.2

5.9

9.9

100.0

91.3

●4.6

●4.7

1CQ.o

89.7

6.0

2.3

●1.2

*0.9

100.0

●1.1

96.8

100.0

77.3

15.3

7.4

100.0

81.9

10.8

7.3

100.0

64.3

28.0

7.7

100.0

68.9

5.5

4.5

100.0

69.8

5.0

5.2

100.0

90.0

V.1

%27

100.0

87.7

7.8

%?.1

*1.5

●1.0

100.0

*1.5

98.5

100.0

78.9

14.5

6.6

100.0

84.5

9.4

6.2

100.0

62.9

29.2

V.9

100.0

91.0

5.5

%3.8

100.0

91.6

*4.O

●4.4

100.0

89.0

9.7

*1.3

100.0

92.7

%.3

●2.5

●0.8

*0.7

100.0

*0.5

93.5

100.0

74.9

16.5

8.6

100.0

78.2

12.9

9.1

100.0

66.5

26.1

7.9

100.0

66.4

5.5

6.0

100.0

87.4

●6.4

*6.4

100.0

91.6

%4

●5.4

lln~ludesMex[MtiMsximno, MsxlcenAmerican, andchicano.

2[ncludes pueflo Ri~n, Cuban, other LatinAmerican, other Spsnish, and mukipls Hispanic origin(Seesmendixee1andII).

%cludesnon.Hispanic racial groups not slwwn separately and unknown if HisParIic0fi9in.

%judes those 18-21 years of age who ever tried marijuana.

%cludes pawder, crack, or frmbase.

elncludes those 18-21 yeara Ofage * eVertded tine.

71rwludesLSID,PCP,ecstasy, mushrooms,speed, ise, heroin, or pills without a doctor%preasription.

NOTE Denomlnatwe exclude unknowns.

31
Table 4 Percent distribution of never-married youth 14-21 years of age by selected sexual experience measures, according to sex, age,

Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origirx United States, 1992

Age Non-H@anic ongir Hispanic origin

All ages

1+21 14-15 16-17 18-21 All Mexican Other

Selected sexual experience measures years years years yews White Black Hispanic Americani Hispanic2

Seth sexes, never marrie&

Everhad sexual intercourse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agefirethadse# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12yearsoryounger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-14yeare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-16yeam . . . . . . . . . . . -. . . . . . . . - . . . . - . . .

17–21yesre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Numberofsexual partnersinliietime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverhadsex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

I partner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2partners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-5partnere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6partnereormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Howmanysexual partnere inpsst3months . . . . . . . . . .

Neverhadsex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

I partner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2partnere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3partnersormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usedalcohol/drugsbeforelasthadse# . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Condomusedwhenlesthadsefi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Contraceptive method usedwhenlaethad se# . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Condom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sirthcontrol pills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Withdrawa l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Othermethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male, never marrid

Everhadsexual intercourse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agefirethadse@ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12yearsoryounger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-16yeare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-21 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Numberofsexual partnereinliiefime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverhadsex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

I partner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2partners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-5partnem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6partnereormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Howmanyeexual parfnere inpsat3months . . . . . . . . . .

Neverhadsex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l partner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2partnere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3partnersormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usedalcohol/drugsbeforelaethad se# . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0

60.9

39.1

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

39.3

16.7

9.8

17.3

16.a

100.0

39.3

13.6

33.9

6.6

6.3

100.0

17.1

82.9

1ca.o

51.7

4s.3

100.0

15.8

44.6

24.3

12.5

2.8

100.0

63.0

37.0

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

37.2

15.4

8.6

17.8

21.0

100.0

37.2

16.5

29.0

8.0

9.3

100.0

19.6

80.4

100.0

31.6

68.4

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

68.6

13.5

6.0

7.3

4.7

100.0

66.5

10.2

15.0

2.9

3.4

100.0

11.3

68.7

100.0

64.4

35.6

100.0

17.4

59.1

8.8

13.2

●1.4

100.0

33.8

66.2

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

66.3

13.8

4.5

9.3

6.1

100.0

66.3

12.6

13.0

3.3

4.8

100.0

9.8

90.2

100.0

56.8

41.2

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

41.4

19.7

10.4

16.6

12.0

100.0

41.4

14.0

32.3

5.9

6.6

100.0

11.9

66.1

1OQ.o

56.7

43.3

100.0

16.4

60.8

17.9

12.5

2.4

100.0

59.4

40.6

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

40.7

17.1

8.8

17.5

15.9

100.0

40.7

16.0

25.9

7.1

10.3

100.0

13.9

66.1

100.0

78.9

21.0

100.0

7.9

16.8

36.3

37.0

100.0

21.2

16.9

11.7

23.6

26.6

100.0

21.1

15.9

45.6

9.5

7.8

100.0

20.7

79.3

100.0

46.7

53.3

100.0

15.2

38.7

30.5

12.3

3.3

100.0

81.0

19.0

100.0

12.1

18.0

37.0

33.0

100.0

19.2

15.3

10.8

22.7

32.1

100.0

19.2

19.0

39.5

11.2

11.3

100.0

24.2

75.7

Percentdietribution

100.0

56.2

41.8

100.0

5.2

14.4

40.3

40.1

100.0

42.0

17.1

9.6

16.5

15.0

100.0

41.9

13.4

34.0

6.1

4.6

100.0

16.6

81.2

100.0

49.7

50.3

100.0

13.3

43.2

27.8

13.1

2.6

100.0

56.6

41.4

1W.o

8.0

15.5

40.4

36.1

1OQ.o

41.5

16.0

8.6

16.6

17.2

100.0

41.5

I 5.e

28.7

6.9

6.0

100.0

21.0

79.0

100.0

79.1

20.9

100.0

16.1

25.5.

32.2

24.1

100.0

21.2

13.5

12.1

24.7

28.5

100.0

21.1

15.5

40.1

9.7

13.7

100.0

12.7

87.3

100.0

59.9

40.1

100.0

19.4

49.1

19.9

7.8

3.8

100.0

65.5

14.5

100.0

28.0

27.1

26.9

16.9

100.0

14.7

9.5

10.2

24.6

40.6

100.0

14.7

17.5

30.2

14.0

23.6

100.0

15.9

64.0

100.0

56.5

43.5

100.0

6.5

17.4

39.5

36.8

100.0

43.6

17.7

9.9

15.3

13.5

IOQ.O

43.6

14.7

28.1

6.3

6.3

100.0

16.4

63.6

100.0

47.6

52.2

100.0

22.7

42.9

15.9

16.4

%?.2

100.0

63.0

37.0

100.0

9.0

19.6

37.1

34.3

100.0

37.1

15.9

8.8

17.7

20.4

100.0

37.1

17.7

28.1

7.5

9.8

100.0

20.2

79.8

100.0

53.9

46.1

100.0

*5.9

14.5

39.6

40.2

100.0

46.3

19.2

9.9

13.8

10.8

100.0

46.3

15.2

26.6

6.9

5.0

100.0

16.2

63.8

1000

44.7

55.3

100.0

26.1

39.3

16.8

15.7

%?.2

1C41.O

57.4

42.6

100.0

7.6

14.2

40.6

37.6

100.0

42.8

18.0

8.1

16.3

14.9

100.0

42.7

17.7

24.6

7.4

7.5

100.0

18.1

81.9

100.0

60.5

39.5

100.0

V.3

21.2

39.5

32.2

100.0

39.6

15.3

9.9

17.5

17.8

100.0

39.6

14.0

33.0

5.2

8.2

16.7

83.3

100.0

51.9

48.1

100.0

18.2

47.7

14.7

17.3

*2.2

100.0

72.3

27.9

100.0

*10.9

26.7

32.4

30.4

100.0

27.9

12.5

10.0

20.1

29.7

100.0

27.9

17.6

33.8

7.6

13.2

100.0

23.1

76.9

See footnotes at end of table.

32
Table4 Percent distributlonof never-married youth 14-21 years of age byseletied sexual ex~rIence measures, according tosex, age,

Hlapanlc orlgln, and race for youth of non.Hiapanlc origin: United States, 1992-Con.

Age Non-H@errlc orig;n Hispanic origin

All ages

14-21 14–15 16-17 18-21 All Mexican Other

Selacted sexual experience measures years years years years White Black Hispanic Americenl Hispanicz

Male, naver married3-Con.

Condom usedwhen last hadsef i.... . . . . . . . . . . . . .

‘fed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Contraceptive mathodused when laethadse# . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Condom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Birthcontrol palls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wtihdrawal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Othermethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female, never married3

Everhadaaxualintercourse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Agefirsthadse# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12yearsoryounger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-14years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-16years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17-21 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Numberofsexual partners inlifatime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverhadsex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

I partner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2partners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-5 partners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6partnersormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Howmany sexual partners inpast3 months . . . . . . . . . .

Naverhadsex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l partner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2partners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3partnarsormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Uaedalcohol/drugsbeforelasthadse@ . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Condom usedwhenlasthadse# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Contraceptive method usedwhenlaat hadsefi . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Condom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Birthcontrol pills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Withdrawa l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Olhermethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0

57.7

42.3

100.0

15.6

51.7

18.2

12.0

2.5

100.0

58.6

41.4

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

41.6

i a.2

11.1

16.6

12.3

100.0

41.5

11.0

39.1

5.4

3.0

100.0

14.2

85.8

100.0

44.9

55.1

100.0

16.0

36.6

31.2

13.0

3.2

100.0

72.7

27.2

100.0

14.7

66.6

5.5

10.2

●1.0

100.0

29.3

70.8

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

71.1

13.1

7.5

5.2

3.2

100.0

70.8

7.7

17.1

2.4

1.9

100.0

13.0

87.0

100.0

54.5

45.7

100.0

20.7

47.6

12.9

16.9

*1.9

100.0

61.9

38.1

100.0

17.6

56.7

11.9

11.5

%2.4

100.0

58.1

41.9

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

100.0

42.1

2?.4

12.0

15.6

8.0

100.0

42.1

11.6

39.0

4.6

2.5

100.0

9.7

80.2

100.0

51.1

46.9

100.0

15.1

44.5

24.4

13.5

*2.5

100.0

52.4

47.6

100.0

15.1

45.7

23.8

12.6

2.6

100.0

76.7

23.3

100.0

3.0

15.4

39.9

41.7

100.0

23.4

16.a

12.6

24.7

20.5

100.0

23.4

12.4

52.6

7.6

3.9

100.0

16.6

63.4

100.0

39.9

60.1

100.0

15.4

30.6

36.3

11.8

3.6

Percent distribution

100.0

65.9

44.1

100.0

12.9

50.1

21.3

13.5

2.2

100.0

57.7

42.2

100.0

2.0

13.2

40.1

44.7

130.0

42.4

1a.2

10.6

16.3

12.5

100.0

42.4

10.7

38.6

5.2

3.1

100.0

16.4

63.6

100.0

43.1

56.9

100.0

13.7

36.0

34.6

12.7

3.0

100.0

64.9

35.1

100.0

18.2

56.5

14.1

7.1

4.1

100.0

72.7

27.3

100.0

*6.3

23.8

37.9

32.0

100.0

27.5

17.5

13.9

24.6

16.5

100.0

27.4

13.5

49.8

5.4

3.a

100.0

8.6

91.2

100.0

54.2

45.8

100.0

20.8

40.3

26.8

8.6

%3.6

100.0

64.1

46.0

100.0

22.6

49.7

14.2

12.7

‘T.7

100.0

46.8

51.2

100.0

%.3

13.3

43.8

40.6

100.0

51.5

19.6

11.3

12.3

5.2

100.0

51.5

11.1

30.4

4.8

%2.2

100.0

10.5

89.5

100.0

38.1

62.0

100.0

22.7

32.6

18.5

21.9

●4.4

100.0

46.4

51.4

100.0

26.1

43.8

14.9

14.5

●1.1

100.0

49.4

50.7

100.0

Y2.6

●I 4.9

37.6

44.8

100.0

51.0

20.9

12.3

10.4

*5.4

100.0

51.1

11.9

28.1

6.3

●1.6

100.0

13.5

86.5

100.0

36.9

61.1

100.0

26.0

33.1

19.5

17.3

●4.1

100.0

61.3

38.5

100.0

18.4

57.7

13.2

*10.4

*0.5

100.0

47.9

51.9

100.0

*1.3

*11 .3

51.0

35.1

100.0

52.1

16.2

9.7

14.8

*5.O

100.0

52.1

10.3

32.1

*2.7

*2.9

100.0

*6.4

93.6

100.0

37.1

62.9

100.0

18.1

32.1

17.0

27.9

*4.9

1Includes Mexlcs~exiMno, MexicanAmerican, SndChi~o.

%sludes Puerto Risen, Cuban, other Latin American, other Spaniah, end multiple Hispanic origin (see appendixes I and 11).

%cludes non.Hlspanlcracial groups not shown asparately and unknown if Hispanic 0ri9in.

41ncludesthose l&21 years ofa~who everhad sexual intercourse.

NOTE Denominatorsexclude unknowns.

33
Table 5. Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by HiV/AiDS education, according to sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race for

youth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 19S2

Age Non-Hispanio origin Hispanic origin

All ages

12-21 12–13 14-17 13-21 All Mexican Other

HIV/AIDS education years years years years White Black Hispanic Americani Hispanic2

Seth Sexess

Discussed HIV/AIDS w“ti adult family member . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Notsure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ReceivedHIV/AIDSsducationinachool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Notsure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mal$

DiscusssdHIV/AIDSwithadut&familymember . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Notsure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ReceivedHIV/AIDSeducstiinin schml . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Notsure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Femsl$

DiscussedHIV/AIDSwithadultfsmiiymamM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . .,, ,..,. . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Notsure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ReceivedHIV/AIDSeducsdioninschool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,, .,..,, . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . s. ,. . . . . . . . , . , . . . . , .

Notsure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0

66.6

26.0

5.4

100.0

81.5

14.6

3.9

100.0

64.7

29.1

6.2

100.0

83.3

12.9

3.9

100.0

72,6

22.9

4.5

100.0

79.6

16.3

4.0

100.0

63.8

26.2

10.1

100.0

80.1

13.3

6.6

100.0

59.9

28.4

11.6

100.0

82.7

11.6

5.7

100.0

67.8

23.8

8.4

100.0

77.3

15.1

7.6

100.0 100.0

88.3 70.4

25.0 26.9

5.7 2.6

100.0 100.0

66.3 75.4

8.2 21.7

3.5 2.9

100.0 100.0

85.6 88.3

28.0 30.6

6.4 3.1

100.0 IC4).O

89.0 77.7

7.7 18.9

3.3 3.4

100.0 100.0

73.1 74.5

21.8 23.4

5.0 2.1

100.0 100.0

67.7 73.1

8.6 24.4

3.7 2.5

Percent distribution

100.0

69.0

25.6

5.4

100.0

81.9

14.2

3.9

100.0

64.6

29.3

6.1

100.0

63.9

12.4

3.6

100.0

73.4

21.8

4.8

100.0

79.9

15.9

4.3

100.0

74.5

22.2

3.3

100.0

63,1

14.0

2.6

100.0

73.0

22.9

4.1

100.0

83.9

12.6

3.4

100.0

76.1

21.5

2.4

100.0

82.3

15.5

2.3

1C4).O

88.0

27.9

6.2

100.0

79.8

16.0

4,2

100.0

61.9

31.0

7.1

100.0

80.0

15.3

4.6

100.0

70,4

24.4

5.1

100.0

79.4

16.8

3.7

100.0

61.5

31.8

6.7

100.0

77.7

17.5

4.8

100.0

58.3

34.2

7.5

100.0

78.2

17.2

4.7

100.0

65.3

29.1

5.7

100.0

77.2

18.0

4.9

1OQ.O

73.1

21.5

5.3

100.0

83.0

13.6

3.3

100.0

66.2

25.5

6.4

100.0

83.4

12.1

*4.5

100.0

78.0

17.8

*4.3

100.0

82.8

15.1

‘2.0

1Includes Mexkan/Msxicsno, Mexkan~, ~ ~,

21m.ludesPuertoRksn, Cuben,othsrlatin Anwku’I,olherSpsnish, mijnxJltipleHiapank orlgln(seesppendixesIsndll).

%.cludesnon-l-kpanic recklgroupnotslxiwn SSMUSWYsndUnknewnIfH-erbin.

NOTE Oenomlnaters excludeunbwms.

34
Table 6. Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by selected runaway and homeless experiences, according to sex age,

Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-HlspanIc origin: United Ststee, 1992

Age Non-Hispanic origin Hispamicorigin

All ages

12-21 12-13 14-17 13-21 ,4// Mexi&rr Other

Runawayhomeie= experiences yeare years years years White Black Hispanic Americsrrl Hispanic2

Both sexes3

Stayed out overnight without permission in past yead . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Insigh t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2t06nlghts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7nlghtsormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stayed ovemightatan at-risklocation5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male3

Stayed outovemlght without permission inpastyea# . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Insigh t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2t06nlghts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7nightsormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stayedovemlghtatan at-nskloostion5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female3

Stayedoutovemightwithoutpermission inpaetyead . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2t06nlghts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7nightsormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stayadovemlghtat anat-risklocation5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0

84.2

6.3

6.7

2.8

100.0

13.8

SS.2

100.0

82.6

6.4

7.5

3.6

100.0

17.4

82.6

100.0

65.9

6.1

6.0

2.0

100.0

10.1

69.9

100.0

93.5

3.5

2.5

+’0.5

100.0

12.5

87.5

100.0

92.5

3.9

2.8

W.6

100.0

14.9

85.1

100.0

94.5

3.1

2.1

13.2

100.0

10.1

69.9

100.0

60.6

7.6

8.2

3.6

100.0

14.1

65.9

100.0

79.2

7.6

8.9

4.4

100.0

16.7

6s.3

100.0

62.0

7.6

7.6

2.7

100.0

11.3

66.7

100.0

60.7

6.6

8.6

4.1

100.0

14.2

65.6

IWO

76.6

7.0

10.6

5.8

100.0

19.6

80.4

100.0

64.2

6.2

7.0

2.6

lGQ.O

9.0

91.0

Peroentdiatribution

100.0

64.8

5.9

6.6

27

100.0

14.6

65.4

100.0

83.6

5.7

7.4

3.3

100.0

18.3

81.7

100.0

66.0

6.1

5.8

2.1

100.0

10.9

69.1

100.0

81.8

7.3

8.3

2.6

100.0

10.1

68.9

100.0

79.0

7.5

9.0

4.5

100.0

13.9

68.1

100.0

64.4

7.1

7.5

KL9

100.0

6.2

93.6

100.0

66.3

4.7

5.8

3.2

1K1.o

12.1

87.9

100.0

82.9

5.3

7.2

4.6

100.0

15.9

64.1

100.0

86.7

4.0

4.5

*1.9

100.0

8.0

92.0

100.0

65.2

4.7

7.1

3.0

100.0

14.5

65.5

100.0

82.8

5.1

8.5

%.6

100.0

18.8

81.2

100.0

87.6

*4.3

5.8

*2.4

100.0

9.6

90.4

100.0

88.2

4.7

3.5

3.7

100.0

8.1

91.9

100.0

82.8

*5.8

*4.8

●6.8

100.0

10.7

89.3

100.0

92.8

%3.6

*2.4

*1.1

100.0

5.7

94.3

llmludesMexhn/MeXioanO, MexioanAmsrican, endcis-.

%oludespuartoRlcsn, Cubsn,othsrlAinAmedean, otherSpanish,andmultiple Hisw”corigin(eea WPSIIdiilSSSdIi).

31ndudesnon-Hispanic racialgroupenot siwvmesperately sndunkrwwnit Hispanicodgin.

%dudes on~ youth who need P8MIiSSiOn.

%t.rtsk lo@on includes youth or adult shett% public plsce such as a train or bus etelion, rSStSq ~ bum ~ -~,M~W_eha@,mti~4,utier

alsidgeoroverhsng, oronarooft~in asubwayorothar undergroundplacq ortiehomaofwrneons Ussydidnorlelmv.

NOTEOanominatore exclude unknowns.

35
Table Z Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years ofageby sele~ed behaviors reIatWto intentional injuries, according tosex, age,

Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1992

Age Non-Hispanic origin Hispanic origin

All ages

12–21 12–13 14-17 16-21 All Mexican Other

Selected behaviors years yeara years yeare White Black Hispanic Americanl Hispan\c2

Both sexes3

Number oftimea inphysioal flghtinpaetyear. . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3times . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4timesormore . . . . . . . . . .

Wth whom fought within past yeaf

Stranger . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Friend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Soy, girlfriend,ordate . . . . . .

Parentorsibling . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan oneofthe persons listed above . . . . . . . . . .

Carriedawea~nin pastmonth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nodays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

k5days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6daysormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type ofweapon carriedmoetoften inpastmonths. . . . . . .

Firearm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Knife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Club . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otherweapon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male3

Numberoftimes in physicalfightin pastyear. . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

WithwhomfougMwithinpastyea@ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stranger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Friend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Boy,girlfriend, ordate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parentorsibling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morethan oneofthe pereonslieted atmve . . . . . . . . . .

Carriedaweaponin pastmonth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nodays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-5days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6daysormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type ofweaponcarried moetoffen inpastmonth5 . . . . . . .

Firearm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Knife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Club . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otherweapon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female3

Number oftimes inphysioal fight inpaatyear. . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4timesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

With whomfoughtwithin pastyea@. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stranger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Friend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Boy,girlfriend, ordate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Parentorsibling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morefhanone oftheparsonslieted atwve . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

100.0

61.2

26.9

10.0

100.0

13.1

37.4

6.3

17.2

5.2

20.8

100.0

85.2

8.1

6.7

100.0

22.4

57.1

13.1

7.5

100.0

51.9

35.1

13.0

100.0

17.2

44.0

2.0

10.2

6.2

20.5

100.0

76.2

13.0

10.8

100.0

24.2

55.8

13.7

6.3

100.0

70.6

22.5

6.9

100.0

6.3

26.5

13.6

28.8

3.5

21.3

100.0

50.4

35.3

14.3

100.0

6.3

47.7

1.5

21.6

4.7

18.2

100.0

87.3

8.8

3.8

100.0

22.5

51.5

16.6

9.5

1OQ.o

38.1

43.2

18.7

100.0

8.1

53.4

*1.0

13.7

6.0

17.8

100.0

78.5

14.6

7.0

100.0

24.0

50.5

15.7

9.7

100.0

63.5

26.9

9.6

10+3.0

%.0

37.5

*2.4

35.9

%?.2

18.9

100.0

57.2

31.0

11.7

100.0

11.9

37.4

4.2

18.8

5.2

22.4

100.0

83.0

10.2

6.8

100.0

16.6

64.1

12.0

7.3

100.0

46.6

36.6

14.6

100.0

15.0

46.1

2.1

9.0

6.3

21.6

100.0

73.2

15.6

11.3

100.0

18.7

63.0

13.1

5.2

100.0

66.0

25.2

6.7

100.0

7.2

23.8

7.5

34.3

3.6

23.7

100.0

70.7

23.2

6.0

100.0

21.1

28.1

13.7

10.6

5.6

20.8

100.0

66.3

5.7

8.0

100.0

23.5

51.0

12.7

6.9

100.0

62.6

29.1

6.2

100.0

28.9

32.2

2.5

8.6

6.4

21.4

100.0

78.1

9.5

12.4

100.0

31.2

49.5

13.4

5.9

100.0

78.5

17.6

3.9

100.0

7.9

21.2

32.5

14.4

4.3

19.7

P8rcent distribution

100.0

63.3

27.3

9.4

100.0

12.2

34.5

6.2

20.0

5.0

22.2

100.0

85.1

7.7

7.1

100.0

21.9

59.3

11.8

7.1

100.0

53.2

34.5

12.3

100.0

16.3

41.9

1.7

11.8

6.1

22.1

100.0

74.5

13.3

12.1

100.0

23.2

58.8

12.0

5.9

100.0

73.4

20.1

6.5

100.0

4.9

21.3

14.1

34.5

3.0

22.2

100.0

51.0

36.8

12.3

100.0

10.4

49.4

7.0

9.9

4.3

19.0

100.0

64.4

8.9

6.7

100.0

30.2

49.0

14.5

*6. 1

100.0

44.8

39.9

15.3

100.0

12.2

5s.3

*2.9

5.9

4.0

18.7

100.0

79.0

12.3

8.7

100.0

34.6

41.6

17.0

*6.8

100.0

57.3

33.5

9.2

100.0

S.o

40.5

12.4

15.2

4.7

19.3

100.0

60.1

29.9

10.0

100.0

19.8

36.3

5.1

14.7

5.7

18.4

100.0

85.3

9.4

5.3

100.0

17.2

59.3

17.6

*5.9

100.0

50.2

36.7

13.1

100.0

25.5

41.3

*1.7

9.4

6.3

16.0

100.0

77.9

13.6

8.4

100.0

20.3

57.4

18.9

*3.4

100.0

70.7

22.6

6.7

100.0

9.6

27.4

11.3

24.5

*4.6

22.6

100.0

60.8

30.1

9.2

100.0

20.6

32.6

6.2

14.9

5.5

20.0

100.0

84.0

10.9

5.1

100.0

16.4

57.1

20.s

%.7

100.0

52.7

35.5

11.9

100.0

28.3

35.5

●I .5

11.8

*6.6

16.3

100.0

76.7

15.0

8.2

100.0

22.1

53.6

22.7

*2.2

100.0

70.2

23.8

6.1

100.0

*6.3

27.7

14.8

20.6

%.6

26.6

100.0

56.9

29.7

11.4

100.0

16.6

41.6

%4

14.4

*6.O

15.9

100.0

67.4

7.0

5.7

100.0

*14.6

63.9

*I 1.2

*i 0.2

100.0

45.8

38.9

15.4

100.0

21.0

50.1

%1

*5.5

*5.6

15.5

100.0

79.9

11.3

8.8

100.0

*1 6.9

65.6

*11 .3

*6.3

100.0

71.5

21.0

7.5

100.0

*1 4.6

26.8

*5.9

30.5

*5.9

*t 6.3

36
Table Z Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by selected behaviors related to intentional injuries, according to sex age,

Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1992-Con.

Age Non-Hispanic origin Hispanic origin

Ail ages

12-21 12-13 14-17 16-21 All

Selected behaviors

Mew”can Other

yeara yeara yeara yeara White Black Hispanic Amerriwrl Hispanic2

FemaIe3-Oon.

Carried aweapan inpast month . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nodays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-5days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6daysormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type ofweapon carried mostoften inpaatmorrth5. . . . . . .

Firearm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

mlfe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Club . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otherweapon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0 100.0

94.3 86.5

3.2 2.9

2.5 *0.6

100.0 100.0

14.8 *13.0

62.4 57.7

10.4 %22.0

12.5 V.3

100.0

93.1

4.6

2.3

100.0

●8.O

69.0

T.6

15.6

100.0

94.3

2.0

3.7

100.0

23.1

56.1

%).9

*10.4

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

95.6 89.8

2.2 5.4

2.2 4.8

100.0 100.0

14.1 21.3

61.6 64.3

10.7 W.7

13.5 *4.7

100.0

93.2

4.8

*1.9

100.0

●5.9

65.9

*13.3

●14.8

100.0

92.3

6.2

*1.4

100.0

*5.6

70.0

●14.4

Q.9

100.0

94.6

%2.7

??.8

*100.0

●6.7

%7.8

●11.1

%?4.4

I IncludesMexican/Msxloano,MexicanAmeriaan,andChkenO.

‘%ludes PuertoRican,Cuban,othsfLatinAmericsn,otherSpanish,end muitipleHispanicorigin(see appendixesI and 10.

slncludesnon-Hlspanlcracialgroupsnotshownseparatelysnd unknownif MSPSniO0ri9in.

41ncludesthosewhohsveLwenin a physicalfightinthsPas Yew.

sl~ludes thosewhocardeda WsaponinthePastmonth.

NOTE Denominatorsexcludeunknowns.

37
Table 8. Percent distribution ofyouth 12-21 years ofageby seleded safe~measures related tounintentional injuries, according to sex,

age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: Unfted States, 1992

Age Non-Hispanic origin Hispanic origin

All ages

12–21 12-13 14-17 18-21 All Mexican Other

Safety measures years yeara yeara years White Black Hispanic Americani Hispanic2

Both sexess

Howoflen usedseatbelts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Never orrarely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sometimesormosttimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Always . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timesrodeamotoroyclein paetyear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-lOtimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MorethanlOtimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usedahelmet onmotorcycle inpastyea@ . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverorrarely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sometimesormosttimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Always . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timesrodeabicycle inpastyear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-lOtimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MorethanlOtimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usedahelmetonbicyclein paetyea~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverorrarely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Somatimesormosttimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Always . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aduitor lifeguard watching when swimming inpaat year . . .

Didnotawimin paetyear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverorrarely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8ometimeaormosttimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Always . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Male3

Howoflenusedseatbalts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverorrarely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bometimeaormoettimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Always . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timesrodeamotorcyclein pastyear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l–lOtimea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MorethanlOtimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usedahelmeton motorcycle inpastyea# . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverorrarely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sometimesormosttimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AJwaya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

~mesrodeabioyoleinpastyear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Non. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-lOtimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MorethanlOtimea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Usedahelmeton bicycle inpastyea~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverorrarely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sometimesormosttimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aiwaya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Adult orliieguard watching whenswimming inpaat year . . .

Didnotswiminpastyear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Neverorrarely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sometimesormosttimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Always . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

100.0

17.9

47.9

34.2

1OQ.O

75.5

17.5

7.0

100.0

37.1

18.8

44.1

100.0

25.1

32.8

42.1

93.8

4.6

1.8

100.0

12.0

24.7

35.5

27.8

105.0

21.3

48.8

29.9

100.0

66.7

20.3

11.0

100.0

35.9

21.8

42.3

100.0

19.6

28.3

52.1

100.0

92.8

5.2

2.0

100.0

11.1

28.0

34.5

26.3

100.0

14.1

53.9

32.0

100.0

79.2

14.8

8.0

100.0

34.2

17.6

46.3

100.0

7.5

20.3

72.1

100.0

89.5

7.6

2.9

100.0

6.1

6.4

32.9

54.5

100.0

13.9

57.0

29.2

100.0

72.7

18.1

9.2

100.0

31.0

20.0

49.0

100.0

5.6

13.3

81.1

88.5

8.3

3.2

100.0

8.0

6.6

32.0

55.4

100.0

16.2

48.6

33.2

100.0

75.6

17.3

7.1

100.0

40.3

18.6

41.1

100.0

19.3

35.0

45.7

100.0

94.7

4.0

1.2

100.0

8.4

22.5

42.8

26.3

100.0

22.2

48.7

29.1

100.0

69.4

19.5

11.1

100.0

40.4

21.4

36.2

100.0

14.5

26.8

58.8

100.0

93.4

5.1

1.5

100.0

8.1

25.7

42.1

24.2

100.0

19.5

44.0

38.5

100.0

73.5

19.1

7.4

100.0

35.4

19.6

45.0

100.0

40.3

37.2

22.5

100.0

95.6

2.9

1.5

100.0

18.7

36.6

29.7

15.1

100.0

24.6

44.2

31.2

100.0

65.9

22.2

11.9

100.0

33.6

23.1

43.2

100.0

32.8

38.2

29.0

100.0

95.5

2.8

1.7

100.0

17.1

42.2

28,2

12.4

Percent distribution

100.0

16.8

47.1

36.1

100.0

70.9

20.4

6.6

100.0

35.3

19.0

45.7

100.0

23.3

32.4

44.3

100.0

93.8

4.5

i .7

100.0

7.2

27.6

39.4

25.7

100.0

21.0

46.2

30.7

100.0

68.0

23.3

13.6

100.0

33.9

Z.2

43.9

100.0

19.0

27.3

53.7

100.0

92.9

5.3

1.8

100.0

7.3

30.8

36.1

23.8

100.0

22.1

52.3

25.7

100.0

88.6

8.6

2.8

100.0

37.6

21.3

41.1

100.0

27.7

33.2

39.1

100.0

94.6

4.1

1.3

100.0

29.7

13.3

21.0

36.0

100.0

23.9

52.2

23.8

100.0

83.6

11.5

4.8

100.0

35.0

22.0

43.3

100.0

19.8

28.6

51.7

100.0

94.7

3.7

*1.6

100.0

24.5

16.1

21.3

38.1

100.0

19.7

47.4

33.0

100.0

82.2

13.6

4.2

100.0

46.4

18.6

35.0

100.0

30.4

83.2

86.4

100.0

94.0

3.9

2.1

100.0

14.2

23.7

32.8

29.3

100.0

21.5

46.5

29.9

100.0

76.3

17.2

6.4

100.0

47.3

22.8

29.9

100.0

22.3

30.9

46.9

100.0

93.2

4.6

K2.2

100.0

13.4

29.2

31.4

26.1

100.0

16.0

46.3

35.7

100.0

82.5

13.2

4.4

100.0

54.5

16.6

26.8

100.0

31.8

33.2

35.0

100.0

93.9

4.1

*1.9

100.0

16.1

25.3

31.0

27.6

100.0

19.5

47.3

33.2

100.0

76.4

16.6

7.0

100.0

54.6

20.0

24.8

100.0

23.6

31.6

44.9

100.0

93.3

4.6

%2.2

100.0

15.0

26.8

31.6

23.5

100.0

22.4

49.1

28.6

100.0

81.8

14.3

4.0

100.0

33.8

18.4

47.6

100.0

26.2

33.0

38.8

100.0

94.2

*3.6

●2.3

100.0

11<0

21.2

35.7

32.1

100.0

25.1

50.7

24.2

100.0

76.2

18.4

*5,3

100.0

34.4

27.0

38.6

100.0

20.0

29.6

50.4

100.0

93,2

*4.6

*2.2

100.0

10.4

26.1

30.9

30.7

38
Table 8. Percent distribution ofyouth 12-21 years ofageby aeietid ~fe~measums relatAto unintetiional injuries, according to sex

age, Hlapanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hlapanic origim United States, 1992-Con.

Age Non-Hispanicmgin Hispanicorigin

All ages

12-21 12-13 1417 13-21 All Max-can Other

Sar%tymeasures pars yws years yssrs write Bkd H@snic Amerimr’r’ Hispanic2

Female3

Howoften used seatbetts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Never or rarely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sometimes ormosttimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Always . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Times rode amotorcycle inpestyear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-lOtimes . . . . .. o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MorethanlOtimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Used ahelmeton motoroycIein pastyea# . . . . . . . . . . .

Never or rarely ,,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sometimesormosttimss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alwaya . . . . . . . . , , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Timesmdeabicycleinpastyear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0

14.3

47.1

3S.6

100.0

62.4

14.7

2.9

100.0

38.3

13.4

47.2

100.0

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.7

l-lOtimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.4

MorethanlOtimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.0

Jsedahelmetonbloycleinpastyea# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0

Neverorrarely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.6

Sometimesormosttimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9

Always . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5

idultor lifeguard watching when swimming inpastyear . . . 100.0

Didnotswiminpsstyear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.9

Neverorrarely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.3

Sometimesormoettimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.5

Always . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.3

100.0

14.3

50.7

35.0

100.0

66.1

11.4

2.6

100.0

40.5

12.7

46.8

9.6

27.6

62.6

100.0

80.6

6.8

2.7

100.0

6.3

6.3

S8.8

63.8

100.0

14.1

46.5

37.4

100.0

62.1

15.0

2.9

100.0

40.2

13.6

46.4

100.0

24.3

48.5

32.2

100.0

86.3

2.8

%9

100.0

a.a

19.0

43.5

28.6

106.0

14.6

48.9

41.6

100.0

60.9

16.1

3.0

100.0

86.3

13.6

46.1

100.0

47.4

86.3

16.2

100.0

85.8

2.9

1.3

100.0

20.2

31.0

31.1

17.7

Percent distribution

lCUJ.O

12.6

46.0

41.4

WJ.o

76.8

17.6

3.6

100.0

37.8

13.5

46.6

100.0

27.7

37.5

84.9

100.0

84.9

3.7

1.5

100.0

7.2

24.4

40.7

27.6

100.0

20.2

52.3

27.5

100.0

88.4

5.8

T).7

100.0

44.3

W9.2

85.9

100.0

86.7

37.9

26.3

100.0

84.4

4.7

~ .0

100.0

36.0

10.4

20.7

33.9

106.0

17.7

46.1

36.2

lrx).o

6s.4

9.7

~ .9

100.0

44.2

%5

45.9

100.0

38.2

36.6

25.2

160.0

85.1

%?.9

v .9

100.0

15.0

17.9

84.4

32.7

100.0

16.2

46.2

36.6

100.0

63.4

9.3

Y .3

100.0

63.8

*14.4

%1.8

100.0

41.4

35.1

23.6

100.0

94.9

%.5

~ .7

100.0

17.4

20.1

30.3

32.1

100.0

19.8

47.5

32.7

100.0

86.9

10.4

%?.7

100.0

92.7

3.6

62.7

104).0

36.0

36.4

27.6

100.0

95.3

f’2.2

%2.4

100.0

11.6

14.6

40.3

33.5

1Imludes h4exlcan/Mexksno, Mexican AMWkW d Chin.

%cludes PuertoRioan,Cuben,othw LstinAnerkan, olher%anlsh,andIWkipb H- W@kI(* ~ I ~ IO.

%dudeenomHlspanlcradalgroupsnotetwn saparsteiyamtunkmwnlfHhpenkwtgin.

4[wludesthOwtio rodeamotorcycleinthSPSStYSSr.

G[mludeelhoeawhorodeabkyclelnthe psstyesr.

NOTEDanomlnatwsaxcludaunknowns.

39
Table 9: Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by perceived weight status and selected weight controi measures, according to

sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1992

Age Non-Hispanic origin Hispanic origin

All ages

Perceived weight status and selected 12-21 12–13 14=17 18-21 All Mexican Other

weight con&ol measures yeas yeara yeara years White Black Hispanic Americanq Hispanicz

3oth sexes3

Perceived weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Underweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Abolitright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Slightlyoverweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Veryovemeight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Whattryingtodoaboutweight.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tryingtoloseweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

T~ingtomaintainweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

T~ingtogainweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Anyattemptinpasl weektolose/keep froM

gaining waight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,, ..,.,, ,,,.

Yas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,., .,.,. ,,.,

No . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . , . , . ., , . , , , , . . . . ,,

Type(s) of attempts in past weeld$

Dieted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,,. ,...,

Dietedandexercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vomited. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . , . . . , , . .

Dietpills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Someothermethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Perceived weight and weight control attempts in

past week

Underweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iormoreattempts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboutright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iormoreattempta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Slightlyoverweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iormoreatlempfa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Veryovervfeight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lormoreattempts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mal$

Perceivedweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Underweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboutright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Slightlyovarweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Veryovetweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Whatt~ingtodoaboutweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tryingtoloseweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tryingtomaintainwaight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tryingtogainweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Any attempt in past week to lose/keap from

gainingweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type(s) ofattemptsin paetwee@,5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dieted. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dietedandexercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vomited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dietpills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Someothermethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

100.0

15.0

51.4

26.7

4.9

100.0

24.6

36.5

22.3

16.6

100,0

46.1

53.9

47.3

66,3

37,9

3,9

3.4

fi..f

100.0

63.4

16.6

100.0

61.6

86.4

100.0

29.0

71.0

100.0

26,3

71.6

100,0

19,1

56.8

21.4

2.7

100.0

26.7

22.7

22.7

25.9

100.0

36.1

63.9

37.4

66.2

30.7

3.3

1.8

12.7

100.0

14.7

56.6

24.1

4.6

100.0

28.4

33.4

25.8

12.5

100.0

SO.4

49.6

44.1

66.6

37.0

3.0

W.9

44.3

100.0

72.3

27.7

100.0

57.9

42.1

100.0

20.4

79.6

100.0

26.1

74.2

100.0

15.7

60.9

20.0

3.5

100.0

31.4

24.4

25.3

16.8

100.0

45.1

54.9

40.6

8S.3

33.3

3.0

*0.6

13.4

IOQ.O

14.9

53.3

27.1

4.7

100.0

24.0

36.1

22.0

18.0

100.0

46.2

58.6

45.6

87,5

37.2

4.8

3.0

11.0

100.0

63.4

16.6

100.0

61.5

3s.5

100.0

27.6

72.5

100.0

23.3

76.5

100.0

19.2

59.1

19.2

2.6

100.0

26.6

21.5

21.7

28.2

100.0

34.2

85.8

34.7

88.5

29.2

4.4

2.2

13.6

100.0

15.2

46.7

32.7

5.3

100.0

23.2

36.6

20.7

17.5

100.0

43.7

56.3

51.0

53.5

39.2

3.6

5.4

9.9

100.0

89.2

10.8

100.0

64.2

35.s

100.0

33.6

66.4

100.0

33.8

66.3

100.0

20.8

52.2

24.6

2.3

100.0

27.2

23.0

22.3

27.5

100.0

33.1

66.9

37,9

87.7

30.3

2.3

2.4

11.2

Percentdistribution

100.0

f4.9

49.6

30.7

4.8

100.0

26.6

36.4

20.6

14.4

100.0

47.2

52.8

47.3

87.7

36.6

3.4

3.3

10.3

100.0

64.1

15.9

100.0

60.5

39.5

100.0

29.0

71.0

100.0

28.5

71.5

100.0

20.0

55.1

22.2

2.7

100.0

32.1

22.6

20.7

24.6

100.0

34.6

85.2

35.0

69.0

29.1

2.6

1.6

12.5

100.0

14.9

58.4

21.3

5.3

100.0

18.8

28.0

26.3

26.9

100.0

37.7

62.3

45.4

60.5

35.2

4.4

3.5

19.3

100.0

83.4

16.7

100.0

69.2

30.8

100.0

36.5

63.5

100.0

29.6

70.2

100.0

15.4

67.0

15.0

2.7

100.0

19.5

17.6

27.1

35.8

100.0

34.0

66.0

41.7

84.4

33.6

*4.5

*2.4

17.2

100.0

14.2

51.6

28.8

5.4

100.0

20.6

37.9

26.4

15.1

100.0

48.9

51.1

46.5

64.9

36.4

4.0

2.7

11.0

100.0

82.6

17.4

100.0

59.7

40.3

100.0

24.2

75.8

100.0

27.6

72.6

100.0

15.9

56.7

25.2

2.2

100.0

22.9

29.1

28.7

19.3

100.0

43.2

56.8

40.6

89.4

32.5

%2.8

*1.6

11.4

100.0

13.6

50.9

29.7

5.9

100.0

19.6

39.8

28.0

12.6

100.0

51.0

49.0

51.9

85.2

38.9

3.5

%.8

11.4

100.0

77,2

22.8

100.0

56,2

41.8

10CLO

24.3

75.9

100.0

*27.7

72.3

100,0

15,1

56.3

25.2

3.3

100.0

21.8

31.1

30.5

16.8

100.0

46.5

53.5

42.1

86.0

32.4

%2.6

Y2.1

13.0

100.0

15.3

52.6

27.4

4.6

100.0

22.2

34.6

23.9

19.0

100.0

45.5

54.5

42,2

84.4

31.6

*4.9

*2.5

10.3

100.0

90.8

WL2

100.0

62.1

37.9

100.0

24.2

75.8

100.0

%?7.6

72.4

100.0

17.1

57.6

25.1

*0.2

100.0

25.1

25.6

25.6

23.7

100.0

37.3

62.8

37.5

92.7

32.6

%3

*0.7

*e.o

40
Table 9: Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by perceived weight status and seiected weight controi meaaures, according to

sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: Unitad States, 1992-Con.

Age Non-Hispanic origin Hispanic origin

All ages

Perceived weight status and selected 12-21 12–13 14-17 16-21 All Mexican Other

weight control measures years years years years White Black Hispanic Americarrl Hisparric2

Male340n.

Perceived weight and weight control attempts in

past week

Underweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iormore attempts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

About right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iormoreattempts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Slightlyoverwelght . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lormoreattempts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Veryoverweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iormoreattempts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female3

Percelvadwelght . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Underweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboutrlght . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sllghtlyoverweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Veryoverwelght . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Whattrylngtodoaboutweight... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Trylngtoloseweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tryingtomalntalnweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Trylngtogainweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Any attempt In past week to lose/keep from

gainingwelght . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Yes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type(s) ofattempts inpastwee@,5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dieted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dietedandexerclsed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vomited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Diatpllls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Someothermethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Perceived weight and weight control attempts in

past week

Undenveight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lormoreattempts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aboutright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lormoreattempts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SIightlyoverweight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iormoreattempts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Veryovenveight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lormoreattempts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0

87.6

12.4

100.0

68.8

31.2

100.0

34.6

65.4

100.0

24.1

75.9

100.0

10.8

45.9

36.1

7.3

100.0

20.5

50.5

21.6

7.2

100.0

56.2

43.8

53.6

85.1

42.6

4.3

4.5

10.5

100.0

76.0

24.0

100.0

52.7

47.3

100.0

25.6

74.4

100.0

29.9

70.1

100.0

74.6

25.4

100.0

61.1

36.6

100.0

23.9

75.9

100.0

%3.1

66.9

100.0

13.6

52.0

26.6

5.7

100.0

25.2

42.9

26.2

5.7

100.0

55.9

44.1

47.1

69.2

40.1

2.9

●1.2

15.0

100.0

69.4

30.6

100.0

53.9

46.1

100.0

17.7

82.3

100.0

W .6

78.4

100.0

66.5

11.5

100.0

70.4

28.6

100.0

35.8

64.2

100.0

●11.6

66.4

100.0

10.4

47.2

35.4

7.0

100.0

19.1

51.3

22.3

7.3

100.0

53.6

41.2

52.3

66.9

42.1

5.1

3.6

9.4

100.0

73.6

26.4

100.0

49.9

50.1

lCKI.O

22.9

77.1

100.0

27.7

72.1

100.0

92.2

7.8

100.0

71.6

28.2

100.0

3s.5

61.5

100.0

30.7

68.6

100.0

9.8

41.4

40.6

8.2

100.0

19.3

53.6

19.2

7.9

100.0

53.6

46.2

58.8

81.0

44.6

4.3

7.2

9.1

100.0

83.1

16.8

100.0

54.9

45.2

100.0

30.8

69.2

100.0

34.6

65.4

Percantdktribution

100.0

89.1

10.6

100.0

69.9

30.1

100.0

36.9

83.1

100.0

23.6

76.4

100.0

9.8

44.1

39.1

7.0

100.0

21.2

54.1

20.4

4.3

100.0

59.5

40.5

54.4

67.0

44.2

3.9

4.3

9.0

100.0

73.8

26.2

100.0

4S.8

51.2

100.0

24.6

75.4

100.0

30.2

69.7

100.0

84.0

16.0

100.0

70.1

29.9

100.0

37.4

62.6

100.0

●I 8.8

81.2

100.0

14.4

49.7

27.9

8.1

100.0

1a.2

38.5

25.5

17.8

100.0

41.5

58.6

48.5

77.3

38.2

*4.3

●4.5

21.0

100.0

82.5

17.5

100.0

67.6

32.2

100.0

36.0

64.0

100.0

33.5

66.5

100.0

64.7

15.3

100.0

63.2

36.8

100.0

26.5

73.5

100.0

%34.7

*65.3

100.0

12.5

46.0

32.6

8.8

100.0

18.2

47.3

23.9

10.5

100.0

55.1

44.9

55.0

61.0

39.6

5.0

%.7

10.6

100.0

60.2

19.8

100.0

55.1

44.9

100.0

22.4

77.6

too.o

26.0

74.0

100.0

60.4

*1 9.6

100.0

59.6

40.1

100.0

25.2

74.8

100.0

%1.9

*88.1

100.0

11.8

44.7

34.7

8.8

100.0

17.2

49.9

25.0

7.8

100.0

56.3

43.7

61.3

82.7

44.9

●4.5

%3.5

9.8

100.0

72.4

%?7.6

100.0

55.8

44.4

100.0

23.5

76.5

100.0

%25.9

73.1

100.0

91.3

%.7

100.0

68.8

31.2

100.0

28.7

71.3

*1 00.0

●100.0

*-

100.0

13.5

47.9

29.7

8.8

100.0

19.5

43.7

22.4

14.5

100.0

53.4

46.6

45.4

78.7

31.3

*5.8

*4.O

11.9

100.0

80.3

%.7

100.0

54.5

45.5

20.8

79.0

1OQ.o

%25.7

74.3

llmludOs Mexlu~exlmno, MexlranAmerioan, ancichicsna

%dudes puefio Rican, Cuban, other LatinAmerican, other 8panlsh, md mukipla Hispanic origin (SeeaPFsnf~ss I Snd W.

%judes non-Hispanicracial groups not shown separately and unknown if ~sP2nic of19in.

4celegofies are not mutually exclusive.

%dudee those who attempted to Iosekssp from gaining weight in the P@ w-k.

NOTE Denominatorsexclude unknowns.

41
Table 10 Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by participation in selected physical activities in past week, according to sex,

age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1992

Age Non-Hispsnic origin Hispanic origin

Al ages

12-21 12-13 14-17 18-21 AfI Mexican Oiher

Parfioi”ption in selaotd physical ati’vities years years years yaars White Black Hispanic Americsnj Hispsnlc2

Both sexa33

Number of physical activitiaa in psst week . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

L1-laotivities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5activiti630r more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Took part in activities that caused sweeting/hard breathing in

pastweek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lor2days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3daysormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Participated in peat week

Stretchingexercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-8days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7cfays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Exercisesformuscles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

House cleaning oryardwork 300rmoreminties . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

R3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7daye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Walkorbicycle300rmoreminutes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-8daya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Baseballorfrisbse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

G3days. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Basketball,football,and/oraoccer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-8days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Skating,skatebosrding,and/orskiing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Jogorswimforexercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

R3days. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6daya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tennis,raoquetball,and/oraquash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotesat end of table.

100.0

2.2

17.0

27.1

53.7

100.0

24.9

21.3

53.7

ioo.o

32.0

32.0

23.3

12.7

100.0

36.9

28.7

23.1

11.3

100.0

17.2

48.7

19.2

14.9

100.0

35.5

31.2

18.8

14.5

100.0

77.6

15.5

4.9

2.1

100.0

54.1

24.8

13.0

8.1

100.0

66.7

10.2

1.9

1.1

100.0

44.7

31.0

16.1

8.2

100.0

89.5

7.9

2.0

0.6

100.0

0.9

6.3

18.2

74.6

100.0

13.0

18.4

88.6

100.0

18.9

83.6

28.4

18.1

100.0

27.1

28.9

26.5

16.5

100.0

15.9

46.5

20.2

17.4

100.0

28.3

30.7

21.1

19.9

100.0

61.6

23.8

10.3

4.3

100.0

27.6

33.1

22.7

16.7

10Q.O

75.0

19.4

3.7

2.0

100.0

24.4

36.1

23.4

16.1

100.0

86.5

10.0

2.9

W.6

100.0

1.6

12.9

24.1

61.4

100.0

19.3

19.2

61.5

100.0

27.7

30.2

27.1

15.0

100.0

31.2

28.6

26.6

13.6

100.0

16.3

48.6

20.6

14.3

100.0

33.5

32.2

19.7

14.6

100.0

76.2

16.5

5.1

2.2

100.0

47.0

27.3

15.9

9.8

100.0

86.9

9.8

1.9

1.4

100.0

37.5

32.5

20.4

9.6

100.0

87.8

8.8

2.3

1.1

100.0

3.5

26.9

34.6

34.9

100.0

36.9

25.0

38.1

100.0

43.3

32.9

16.2

7.6

100.0

47.8

28.3

17.7

6.2

100.0

18.9

49.7

17.2

14.1

100,0

41.4

30.4

16.8

11.5

100.0

87.5

10.0

1.8

0.7

100.0

75.4

17.6

5.0

1.8

100.0

92.8

5.6

1.0

0.4

1OQ.O

62.6

26.7

6.0

2.7

100.0

92.7

6.0

1.1

●0.2

100.0

2.2

16.7

26.8

54.3

100.0

23.9

21.5

54.6

100.0

31.1

31.6

24.2

13.1

100.0

36.0

29.1

23.5

11.3

100.0

17.0

51.9

19.5

11.7

100.0

34.7

32.9

19.1

13.3

100.0

76.6

16.5

4.9

2.1

100.0

55.3

25.1

12.5

7.1

100.0

84.9

11.6

2.1

1.4

100.0

44.2

31.4

16.6

7.8

100.0

86.5

9.0

1.9

0.7

100.0

2.2

19.0

28.4

60.4

100.0

28.0

19.5

52.5

100.0

38.7

32.1

18.3

10.6

100.0

43.2

27.5

18.5

10.8

100.0

15.8

38.3

16.5

26.4

100.0

39.8

26.2

15.2

17.0

100.0

88.3

10.6

4.3

1.9

100.0

50.4

23.2

14.5

11.9

100.0

91.0

7.2

1.4

W.4

100.0

47.6

23.1

13.6

9.7

100.0

84.6

3.7

1.4

%.3

100.0

2.3

16.8

27.5

53.4

100.0

27.5

23.1

49.5

100.0

30.8

33.5

24.1

11.7

100.0

36.5

27.7

24.2

11.6

100.0

19.9

42.6

18.6

18.7

100.0

34.7

26.2

21.0

18.1

100.0

76.6

15.6

5.5

2.1

100.0

52.9

24.7

13.8

6.7

100.0

90.2

7.5

1.3

●I .0

100.0

46.4

29.7

15.0

8.9

100.0

91.9

5.5

1.9

*0.7

100.0

3.0

16.3

25.3

55.4

100.0

27.4

22.2

50.4

100.0

30.9

32.3

24.8

12.0

100.0

35.3

27.8

23.6

13.2

100.0

19.2

39.7

19.7

21.4

100.0

33.4

26.9

20.6

19.1

100.0

74.9

16.6

6.5

2.0

100.0

52.3

24.0

14.0

9.7

100.0

90.5

6.6

1.8

%3.9

100.0

43.4

30.6

16.0

10.0

100.0

91.0

6.3

2.0

●0.8

100.0

*1.3

17.6

31.0

60.2

100.0

27.6

24.5

48.0

100.0

30.6

35.4

22.8

11.3

100.0

38.3

27.6

25.3

8.9

10CLO

20.9

47.8

16.8

14.4

100.0

36.9

25.1

21.6

16.5

100.0

79.3

14.5

4.0

%.3

100.0

53.e

25,7

13.4

7.0

100.0

89.6

8.6

V.6

*1.3

100.0

51.1

26.4

13.4

7.0

100.0

93.5

4.2

*1.7

W.6

42
Table 10 Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by participation in selected physical activities in past week, according to sex,

age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1992-Con.

Age Non-His@nic origin Hispanic origin

All ages

12-21 12–13 14-17 18-21 Afl Mexi”carr Other

Participation in selected physical activities years years years years White Black Hispanic Ameriosrrl Hispanicz

Both sexes3-Con.

Aeroblos ordance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3daya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7 daya . . . . . ...! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ma[&

Number of physical activities in past week . . . . . . . . . . . .

None, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-2aotivitles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-4activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5aotivitiesormora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Took part in aotivitiee that oeusad sweating/hard

breathinginpaetweek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nons4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lor2daye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3daysormore, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Participated in pest week

Stretching exeroises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-Qdays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Exerclseaformuscles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

House cleanlng oryardwork 300rmora minutea . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

R3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Walkorbloycle300rmoreminutea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Baseballorfrisbee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Basketball,footbail, and/orsoocsr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Skating,skatebosrding,and/orskiing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

&3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

?days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

100.0

61.6

26.3

7.7

4.1

100.0

2.7

13.9

27.2

56.1

100.0

20.7

19.1

60.2

100.0

33.1

29.9

23.3

13.7

100.0

29.5

26.2

27.7

14.7

100.0

21.9

51.5

16.9

9.7

100.0

36.1

28.5

16.5

17.0

100.0

72.8

17.7

6.6

3.0

100.0

36.3

29.9

19.0

12.8

100.0

84.1

11.5

2.6

1.6

100.0

56.5

27.6

9.8

6.2

100.0

*i .0

6.5

16.0

74.5

100.0

11.6

16.0

72.2

100.0

21.1

33.3

28.2

17.5

1OQ.o

20.6

28.6

30.8

19.5

100.0

19.8

47.9

18.4

14.0

100.0

27.5

28.0

20.7

23.7

100.0

56.7

23.6

13.7

6.0

100.0

17.8

2e.3

28.6

24.3

tOQ.o

72.2

20.3

4.4

3.0

100.0

60.3

25.6

9.1

5.0

100.0

1.6

10.0

24.5

63.8

100.0

14.9

16.2

68.9

100.0

29.6

26.9

27.1

16.3

100.0

24.1

27.3

30.9

17.7

100.0

20.0

51.9

18.4

9.7

100.0

33.0

29.9

19.6

17.5

100.0

71.5

19.1

6.4

3.1

100.0

29.3

31.a

23.2

15.7

100.0

63.4

11.8

2.7

2.1

100.0

66.3

26.4

5.3

2.0

100.0

4.9

22.1

35.2

37.8

100.0

31.6

23.9

44.5

100.0

43.4

31.3

16.5

8.8

100.0

39.8

26.7

22.7

8.8

100.0

25.1

53.1

14.5

7.3

100.0

44.1

27.2

16.0

12.7

100.0

S3.o

12.9

2.6

1.3

100.0

59.0

28.3

9.2

3.5

100.0

91.5

6.3

1.6

●0.6

Paroent diefrfb~.on

100.0

65.0

24.9

7.0

3.1

100.0

2.9

14.9

27.0

55.2

100.0

21.3

18.5

60.2

100.0

33.4

29.1

23.7

13.8

100.0

29.9

28.0

27.7

14.3

100.0

21.2

54.5

16.9

7.4

100.0

37.2

29.0

18.0

15.8

100.0

71.6

18.7

6.7

3.1

100.0

41.4

29.5

18.0

11.2

100.0

81.3

13.5

3.0

2.2

100.0

60.7

30.6

10.7

8.0

100.0

2.5

11.6

28.3

57.6

100.0

17.7

19.6

62.7

100.0

38.3

31.3

19.8

12.6

134).0

31.3

28.0

25.1

15.5

100.0

20.7

41.4

18.8

19.1

100.0

35.4

23.7

15.6

19.3

100.0

79.2

12.4

5.8

2.6

100.0

28.7

28.5

22.7

19.1

100.0

91.2

6.6

●1.7

%).5

100.0

58.0

26.9

8.6

4.4

100.0

2.8

12.9

27.8

56.5

100.0

21.4

21.9

56.7

100.0

31.0

30.8

25.9

12.3

100.0

27.5

28.7

28.4

15.4

100.0

26.2

47.2

13.9

10.7

100.0

32.0

24.5

23.3

20.3

100.0

73.4

17.7

6.2

2.7

100.0

35.0

31.2

19.7

14.0

100.0

86,6

6.1

●1.9

*1.3

100.0

60.5

27.8

8.2

3.6

100.0

%.1

12.9

24.5

59.5

100.0

20.6

21.0

58.4

30.5

30.0

26.2

13.3

1OQ.O

26.1

29.4

27.6

16.8

100.0

25.7

46.2

14.8

13,4

100.0

30.8

24.7

21.9

22.6

100.0

71.7

19.1

6.8

%?.3

100.0

35.6

30.1

19.7

14.7

100.0

88.8

7.3

%?.7

*1.2

100.0

54.0

30.9

9.3

5.8

100.0

%2.2

13.0

33.4

51.4

100.0

22.9

23.4

53.7

100.0

31.9

32.1

25.4

10.5

100.0

26.8

27.4

29.8

13.0

100.0

32.7

49.1

12.4

5.8

100.0

34.0

24.0

25.9

16.1

100.0

76.1

15.2

*5.2

%3.5

100.0

34.2

33.3

19.9

12.7

I00.0

88.2

9.5

W.6

●1.6

43
Table 10: Percent distribution of youth 12-21 years of age by participation in selected physical activities in paat week, according to sex,

age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin: United States, 1992-Con.

Age Non-Hispanic origin Hispanic origin

All ages

1241 12-13 14–17 18-21 ,4// Mexican Other

Participation in selected physical activities years yeara years yeara White Black Hispanic Americani Hispanicz

Male3-Con.

Jogorswim forexercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

W3ciays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...’

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tennis,racquetball,and/orsquaeh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aerobioaordanoe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Female3

Number ofphysical activities inpastweek . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l–2aotivities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-4aotivities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5activitiesormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Took part in activities that caused sweating/hard

breathing inpaetweak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lor2days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3dayaormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Participated in past week

Stratchingexercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-Sdays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6daya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Exercisesformuscles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

House cleaning oryardwork 300rmoremin@es . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7daya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Walkorbicycle300rmoreminutes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...’....

Baseballorfrisbee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes at end of table.

100.0

42.4

30.7

17.6

9.3

100.0

88.3

8.8

2.2

0.6

100.0

77.4

17.4

3.5

1.8

100.0

1.6

20.2

27.0

51.2

100.0

29.3

23.6

47.1

t 00.0

30.9

34.0

23.3

11.6

t00.0

44.5

29.3

16.3

7.9

100.0

12.5

45.9

21.5

20.1

100.0

34.9

34.0

19.2

11.9

100.0

82.5

13.2

3.2

1.1

100.0

28.8

33.0

24.2

16.0

100.0

66.3

9.9

3.4

W.4

100.0

75.2

18.3

4.4

2.1

100.0

%).6

6.1

18.4

74.7

100.0

14.4

20.8

64.8

100.0

16.6

33.9

30.7

18.8

100.0

33.6

31.0

22.0

13.1

100.0

11.8

45.1

22.1

21.0

100.0

29.1

33.6

21.4

15.9

100.0

66.7

24.0

6.8

2.5

100.0

35.5

31.2

22.0

11.3

100.0

67.3

9.0

2.3

1.4

100.0

78.1

16.0

3.8

2.2

100.0

1.5

15.9

23.7

58.9

100.0

23.9

22.4

53.7

100.0

25.7

33.6

27.1

13.6

100.0

38.6

30.0

22.0

9.4

100.0

12.3

45.7

23.0

19.0

100.0

33.9

34.7

19.8

11.6

100.0

81.1

13.7

3.8

1.4

100.0

58.4

26.6

9.3

3.5

100.0

90.4

7.9

1.4

*0.4

100.0

77.9

18.3

2.6

1.3

100.0

2.2

31.5

34.4

32.0

100.0

42.0

26.1

31.9

100.0

43.1

34.5

16.0

6.4

100.0

55.5

27.9

13.0

3.7

100.0

12.9

46.5

19.8

20.s

100.0

38.8

33.5

17.4

10.3

100.0

91.8

7.2

0.9

*0.1

Percentdietribtion

100.0

43.3

30.4

17.7

8.6

100.0

86.9

10.1

2.2

0.8

100.0

82.2

14.3

2.6

0.9

100.0

1.5

18.4

26.7

53.3

100.0

26.5

24.5

49.0

100.0

26.7

34.1

24.8

12.4

100.0

42.1

30.2

19.4

8.3

100.0

12.8

49.2

22.0

16.0

100.0

32.2

36.8

20.2

10.6

100.0

81.6

14.2

3.1

1.1

100.0

41.3

30.0

17.1

11.6

100.0

93.8

3.8

2.0

*0.3

100.0

81.5

27.3

6.9

4.3

100.0

1.9

26.5

28.5

4s.1

100.0

36.4

19.3

42.3

100.0

41.1

33.0

16.9

9.0

100.0

55.3

26.9

11.9

5.9

100.0

10.9

37.1

18.2

33.9

100.0

43.9

26.7

14.8

14.6

ICO.O

87.4

8.7

2.8

*1.1

100.0

42.5

31.4

15.6

10.2

100.0

92.2

5.8

*I .0

*0.9

100.0

73.1

20.7

3.3

2.9

100.0

*1.6

20.9

27.2

50.0

100.0

34.0

24.4

41.7

100.0

30.6

36.3

22.1

11.0

100.0

46.2

26.7

19.8

7.4

100.0

10.8

38.1

23.7

27.4

100.0

37.7

28.1

18.6

15.7

100.0

80.1

13.8

4.7

*1.4

100.0

40.2

31.8

16.8

11.3

100.0

91.7

6.4

*0.6

*1.0

100.0

75.1

19.9

*2.4

*2.5

100.0

●2.9

20.2

26.1

50.8

100.0

35.2

23.6

41.3

100.0

31.5

34.9

23.3

10.3

100.0

45.9

28.0

19.0

9.1

100.0

11.7

32.3

25.5

30.6

100.0

36.3

29.5

i9.3

14.9

100.0

78.6

13.7

6.1

*1.6

100.0

46.6

30.6

14.1

8.4

100.0

93.1

*4.6

*1.4

m.9

100.0

69.7

22.0

*4.6

3.5

100.0

W.4

21.9

26.7

49.0

100.0

32.1

25.4

42.4

100.0

2e.3

38.5

20.2

12.0

100.0

46.5

27.6

20.9

*4.9

100.0

9.7

46.5

21.1

22.7

100.0

39.7

26.0

17.5

16.6

100.0

82.2

13.9

%?.7

*1.1

44
Table IO: Percent diatributionof youth 12-21 years ofageby paficipation inseIetied physical a@ivities inpastw~k, according to sex,

age, Hiapanlc origin, and race for youth of non-HIspsnic origin: United States, 1992-Con.

Age Non-Hispanic origin Hispanic origin

All ages

12–21 12–13 14-17 18-21 Ail Mexican

Partlci”~tion in selected physical activities

Other

yeara years years yeare White Black Hispanic Americanl Hisperric2

Female3410n.

Basketball, football, and/or soccer

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-ttday s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

W3daya. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Skating,skateboarding,and/orskiing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

W3days. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Jogorswimforexercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3daye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7daya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tennls,racquetball,and/orsquash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-3daya . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-8days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aeroblceordance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

l-8days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0

70.3

19.5

7.0

3.3

100.0

89.4

8.9

1.1

0.5

100.0

47.0

31.3

14.6

7.1

100.0

90.7

7.1

1.7

0.5

100.0

46.1

35A

12.1

6.4

100.0

37.9

37.2

16.4

8.6

100.0

77.9

18.3

2.6

W.9

100.0

21.9

39.4

22.6

16.1

100.0

86.8

10.0

2.4

W.9

100.0

36.5

37.4

15.5

10.5

100.0

65.5

22.6

8.3

3.6

100.0

90.7

7.7

1.0

*0.6

100.0

39.6

33.9

18.6

7.9

100.0

86.3

8.7

2.3

0.7

100.0

41.7

35.7

14.6

8.0

100.0

91.2

7.6

0.9

*0.2

100.0

94.0

5.4

*0.4

*0.2

100.0

68.7

24.7

6.8

1.e

100.0

95.0

4.1

0.8

*o. 1

100.0

55.0

34.1

8.0

2.8

Percent distribution

100.0

69.3

20.7

6.9

3.1

100.0

86.5

9.7

1.2

0.6

100.0

45.1

32.3

15.5

7.0

100.0

90.0

7.9

1.5

0.5

100.0

47.9

35.5

11.4

5.3

100.0

72.5

16.6

8.2

4.5

100.0

80.8

7.7

●I .2

●0.3

100.0

58.9

28.2

10.0

7.8

100.0

95.5

3.5

*0.6

*0.3

100.0

39.7

34.0

14.7

11.7

100.0

72.2

17.6

7.3

2.9

100.0

91.8

6.8

●0.7

●0.7

100.0

50.5

28.0

14.1

7.4

100.0

91.6

5.1

2.9

*0.4

100.0

41.7

37.9

14.3

6.1

100.0

71.6

17.0

7.5

4.0

100.0

92.5

6.3

●0.8

●0.5

100.0

47.1

29.1

15.2

8.5

100.0

90.1

6.1

%4

*0.5

100.0

43.6

36.8

14.8

4.9

100.0

73.1

18.4

7.2

●1.4

100.0

!33.8

7.5

W.6

●1.0

100.0

55.4

26.3

12.6

5.7

100.0

93.9

=.7

●1.9

%.4

100.0

38.9

39.5

13.6

8.0

llncludss MsxlosrJ?Jsxlcano,MexicanAmerican, snd Chicano.

%oludes Puerto Rican, Cuban, other Latin American, other Spanish, md multiple Hispanic origin (see appsnd~ee I and M).

%cludes non-Hlspanlc rsoisl groups not shown separately and unknown if Hispanic 0ri9in.

41ncludes YOUUI who took psri In no activities.

NOTE Denomlnstws exclude unknovms.

45
Appendixes

Contents

I. Technical notes on methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...00 . ..0..... . . 47

Target population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Limitations of data on Hispanic origin and race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 47

Description ofthe survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Data collection methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . , . . . 47

Response rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Sample design and statistical testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . , . . . . . 48

Availability of data and related data sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

II. Definition ofcertain terms used inthis report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . 50

Sociodemographic terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . 50

Terms related to youth risk behaviors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , , . . 50

Appendixtables

I. Number ofyouth 12-21 years ofage by sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth ofnon-Hispanic origin

United States, 1992 . . . . , . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0. . . . . . . . . . 0. 48

II. Number of never-married youth 14-21 years of age, by sex, age, Hispanic origin, and race for youth of

non-Hispanic origin United States, 1992 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

46
Appendix I

Technical notes

on methods

Target population

The estimates presented in this report are based on data

from the 1992 National Health Interview Survey of Youth

Risk Behavior (NHIS-YRBS). The basic National Household

Interview Survey (NHIS) is a continuous, nationwide, household interview survey of the civilian, noninstitutionalized

population of the United States, conducted by the National

Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Centers for Disease

Control and Prevention (CDC).

The NHIS-YRBS was a followback survey of a subsample of youth 12-21 years of age identified at the time of

the 1992 NHIS household interviews. Within each N.HIS

sample family, one youth who was attending school and up to

two youth who were not in school or whose in-school status

was unknown were selected for the NHIS-YRBS interview.

The youth were followed back approximately 2 months after

the initial household interview. NHIS-YRBS interviews were

conducted in person from April 1992 through March 1993.

The ages shown in this report represent the youth ages at the

time of the initial NHIS interview, which, in some cases, may

not be the same as their ages at the time of the NHIS-YRBS

interview due to the 2-month lag between the two data

collection points,

Limitations of data on Hispanic

origin and race

Data are presented for youth of non-Hispanic and Hispanic origins. Data for non-Hispanic youth are shown separately for white and black youth. Data could not be presented

for other racial groups because of sample sizes. Each of the

other specific racial groups identified in the survey (see

appendix II) represented 1 percent or less of the sample. White

youth constituted 74.6 percent and black youth 16.2 percent of

the NHIS-YRBS sample.

Because over 90 percent of persons of Hispanic origin

identify their race as white (Census, P–25), data for Hispanic

youth is presented for all races combined. Small sample sizes

preclude meaningful statistical interpretation for nonwhite

Hispanic youth.

Sample size limitations for specific subgroups of Hispanic

youth were also a factor in the analysis and presentation of

data. Several Hispanic subgroups were identified in the NHISYRBS (see appendix II) but Mexican American youth were

the only group that was sufficiently large to make meaningful

statistical interpretations. Mexican American youth (identified

as Mexican-Mexicano, Mexican-American, or Chicano) constituted 11.3 percent of the total and 63.1 percent of the

Hispanic NHIS-YRBS sample. Puerto Rican youth were 2.3 percent and Cuban youth were 0.4 percent of the total sample.

Other Latin American, other Spanish, and multiple Hispanic

youth were each less than 2 percent of the NHIS-YRBS

sample.

Description of the survey

The purpose of the NHIS-YRBS was to provide estimates

of health risk behaviors for the noninstitutionalized, household

population of youth 12–21 years of age. Topics covered in the

YRBS include: tobacco use—including cigarettes, chewing

tobacco, and snu~, alcohol cmsumptio~ illegal drug use and

perceptions of risks associated with their occasional and

regular usq sexual history and practice$ HIV/AIDS education

at home and in schoo~ runaway and homeless experiences

such as overnight stays away tlom home and stays away from

home without permission; violence, such as tlequency of

physical fighting and carrying weapons unintentional injury

control, including helmet use on bicycles and motorcycles;

weight contro~ and physical activity. This survey is one part

of a larger system of researc~ the Youth Risk Behavior

Surveillance System (YRBSS). The YRBSS was developed by

the Division of Adolescent and School Health of the National

Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion,

CDC, in order to monitor the major risk behaviors of American youth. This system is described in detail elsewhere (3).

The majority of the YRBSS is school-based and has been

tracking behaviors of in-school youth since 1990. The 1992

NHIS-YRBS added a new dimension to the study of health

risk behaviors among American youth. In addition to providing estimates for youth who attend school, it allowed estimation of high-risk behaviors for out-of-school youth. Out-ofschool youth were oversampled in an effort to achieve reliable

estimates for this particularly “hard-to-reach” group. A special

question was added to the basic NHIS questionnaire in 1992 in

order to determine school status for the YRBS sample.

Data collection methods

Interviews are conducted for NCHS by interviewing staff

of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The basic health and

demographic questionnaire of the NHIS is administered in an

47
in-person household interview, with telephone followup permitted for hard-to-reach households. Basic health information

is collected for every member of the family residing in the

household. Based on the roster of family members listed at the

time of interview, a subsample of youth was selected for the

NHIS-YRBS.

During the development of the NHIS-YRBS, extensive

methodological investigations were carried out by researchers

at University of Michigan’s Survey Research Center on behalf

of NCHS, to determine the most appropriate data collection

tools for gathering adolescent health behavior data (45).

Results of these investigations indicated that privacy and

confidentiality would be of paramount concern to teens during

an interview. This strongly suggested that traditional NHIS

data collection procedures—face-to-face and telephone

interviews-might not be the best approaches to use with

adolescents. NHIS also has used self-administered questionnaires occasionally. However, younger teens and those with

poorer reading skills found a written questionnaire diflicult to

complete. The study determined that youth were quite comfortable using an audiocassette player to listen to questions

and recording answers on a paper answer sheet. This was the

method of data collection used for the NHIS-YRBS. In

addition to providing privacy and being easier for poor

readers, this mode of data collection had an added benefit of

providing standardization in the asking of the questions,

eliminating the normal variations that occur when an interviewer asks the questions. Each question was asked twice and

youth could stop and rewind the tape as often as needed.

Female youth listened to a female voice and male youth

listened to a male voice. The interviewer was present while the

youth was listening to the tape and Wing out the questionnaire.

Response rates

Of the 13,789 persons 12-21 years of age identified as

eligible in the basic NHIS interview, NHIS-YRBS interviews

were completed for 10,645 youth, representing a response rate

of 77.2 percent of eligible respondents and an overall response

rate of 73.9 percent (the product of the YRBS response

rate—77.2 percent and the response rate for the basic NHIS

household interview— 95.7 percent). Due to some field difEculties in rostering eligible youth, the number of teens actually

selected for the NHIS-YRBS was somewhat smaller than the

number of youth ultimately identified as having been eligible

for interview. Hence, the response rate for the NHIS-YRBS

was somewhat lower than it might have been had all eligible

youth been given the opportunity to respond. Another factor

that may have contributed to a lower than average response

rate, for the NHIS, was the requirement that interviews be

done in person. Because of the personal audiocassette method

of data collection, telephone followup was not permitted for

the NHIS-YRBS. Comparison of respondents and nonrespondents indicated that the two ~oups were not substantially

different in terms of their sociodemographic profiles. Item

nonresponse ranged from 0.2 percent to 7.9 percent for the

questions discussed in this report.

48

Sample design and statistical testing

The NHIS sample is selected such that a national probability sample of households is interviewed each week throughout the year. A detailed discussion of the sample design is

available in Current Estimates from the National Health

Interview Survey, 1992 (43).

Because the estimates shown in this report are based on a

sample, they are subject to sampling error. A measure of the

sampling error is given by the standard error. Approximate

standard errors for estimated percents in this report are given

by the formula

where SE is the standard

“o)=

error,

m

p is the estimated percent and

y is the estimated base of the percent. The bases of the

percents are shown in tables I and IL

The approximate standard error of a difference between

percents is given by the formula

SE(X1–XJ = ~ SE(X1)2+ SE(X~2

where xl and z are the two percents being compared, xl - X2is

the difference between them, and SE(XJ and SE(XJ are the

standard errors of the two percents.

In this report, terms such as “similar” and “no difference” mean that there is no statistically significant difference

between the measures being compared. Terms relating to

difference (for example, “greater than” or “less than”) indiTabIe L Number of youth 12-21 years of age by sex, age,

Hispanic origin, and race for youth of non-Hispanic origin:

United States, 1992

Sex

Age, Hispanic origin, and ma Both sexes Male Female

All youth, 12–21 yeara of agei . . . . . . . . .

12-13 yeare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14-17 yeat3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lr?-21 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-21 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-17 yaara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hispanic origin and race for youth of

non-Hispenic origin

12-21 years of ag9

Non-l+ispani cwhfi e . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Non-l+ispani cblac k . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alll-lispan i o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mexican Americsn2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ofher Hispeni& . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-21 years of age

Non-Hispanic whte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Non-Hispanic black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

All Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mexicen American2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

other i-lispars i d . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Number in thousands

34,356

7,232

13,517

13,607

20,201

6,593

23,220

5,194

4,324

2,675

1,649

9,256

1,995

1,679

1,039

640

17,332

3,727

6,916

6,600

10,044

3,354

11,614

2,617

2,236

1,430

806

4,495

9aa

674

544

329

17,024

3,506

6,601

6,917

10,157

3,239

11,605

2,577

2,065

1,245

640

4,761

1,007

805

495

310

llmjudes nors-Hispenbrscial groups not shown sepsratsiy and unknown if HlsPsJIicor19in.

z[~[ude~ Me~@e*, MexicanAmer’iCarJand chi~no.

Slm[udes puerto mm, Cuban, othsr LatinAmerican, other Spanish, end iMIIUPieHispanic

origin (seeAppendMee I end Ii).
catc that differences are statistically significant. Individual

t-tests, with a critical value of 1.96 (0.05 level of signMcance),

were used to test all comparisons. This strategy, though it

highlights major findings, does not take into account hypothesis testing issues associated with multiple comparisons, where

a statistic is potentially compared for more than two domains.

Lack of comment regarding the difference between any two

statistics does not mean the difference was tested and found to

be not significant.

Availability of data and related data

sources

The NHIS-YRBS is available on data tape from the

Division of Health Interview Statistics and on CD-ROM from

the U.S. Government Printing Office and from the National

Technical Information Service. Contact the National Center

for Health Statistics’ Data Dissemination Branch for ordering

information.

The NHIS-YRBS public-use data tape includes data for

all questions included in the youth risk behavior questionnaire

as well as all other health and demographic information

gathered during the initird household interview. For youth

18-21 years, data from the NHIS-YRBS can be linked to other

special topics that were part of the 1992 NHIS, including

AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes, Cancer Control, Cancer

Epidemiology, and Family Resources.

Tabte Il. Number of naver-merried youth 14-21 yeare of age, by

sex sw Hkpank origin, and raea for youth of non-Hispanic

origin: Unfted S- 1992

Sex

Age, Hkwrnic origin, end race Sofh sexes Male Female

Allyouth, 14-21 yearaofage1 . . . . . . . . .

14-15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-21 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hispanic origin and race for youth of

non-H_ic origin

14-21 years of age:

Non-l+ispaniowhii e . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Non-l+ispani oblaek . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

All Hffipanio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mexioan Arnericar? . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ofher Hispani& . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1S-21 yeare of agex

Non-tfispani cwhiie . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Non-iiispsni cblack . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

All Hspanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mexiean Arnerkar# .. . . . . . . . . . . .

Other Hispani& . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23,986

6,456

6,364

11,144

16,052

3,630

2,986

1,605

1,192

7,366

1,s21

1,361

795

566

12,520 11,467

3,302 3,157

3,264 3,120

5,953 5,191

S,341 7,711

1,914 1,916

1,659 1,337

1,038 767

621 571

3,840 3,426

927 894

765 597

460 335

305 261

1IWlud= -H- * _ notshwn eepafarelyand unknmmil Hispstdcorigin.

21ncludssMdcdMwbm, Mexk=mAmwiauI, md ChhSMTsl~l”dss ~wo ~, _ ~ M hSI_&II, Chef ~Sh, SIIdmU~r)!eHkp~iC

erigin(eesAppmd@s I and11).

49
Appendix II

Definition of certain terms

used in this report

Sociodemographic terms

Age—The age recorded for each person is the age at last

birthday. Age is recorded in single yeara and grouped in a

variety of distributions for respondents depending on the

purpose of the table. In this report, respondents who were

12–21 years of age at the time of the basic health and

demographic survey interview were included. Age at the time

of the NHIS-YRBS interview, which took place approximately

2 months after the basic NHIS interview, may differ by one

year if the youth had a birthday in the interim.

Hispanic/Non-Hispanic Origin-Characterization of

Hispanic/non-Hispanic origin is based on a question asked of

the household respondent for each member of the household.

The respondent was given a flashcard and asked “Are any of

these groups ( ‘s) nationrd origin or ancestry?” The

categories on the flashcard were (1) Puerto Rican, (2) Cuban,

(3) Mexican/Mexicano, (4) Mexican American, (5) Chicano,

(6) other Latin American, and (7) other Spanish. If the

household respondent answered “yes” for a particular household member (that is, that the person did belong to one of the

groups listed), the respondent was then asked “Please give me

the number of the group.” Persons identified as belonging to

more than one group were classified as “Multiple Hispanic.”

When the household respondent answered “No” to the above

question, the household member was classified as “Not Spanish origin,” referred to in this report as “non-Hispanic origin.”

See Appendix I for further discussion.

Race--In this repofi data for non-Hispanic youth are

shown separately for youth whose racial designation is white

or black. Non-Hispanic youth of other races are included in

the total for all youth 12-21 years of age but are not shown

separately. Characterization of race is based on a question

asked of the household respondent for each household member. The respondent was given a flashcard and asked “What is

the number of the group or groups which represents ( ‘s)

race?” The categories on the flashcard wer~ (1) white, (2)

black (3) Indian (American), (4) Eskimo, (5) Aleut, (6)

Chinese, (7) Filipino, (8) Hawaiian, (9) Korean, (10) Vietnamese, (11) Japanese, (12) Asian Indian, (13) Samoan, (14)

Guamanian, and (15) Other Asian/Pacific Islander. If the

household respondent selected more than one racial group for

a household member, the interviewer followed up with the

question “Which of those groups BEST represents ( ‘s)

race?” See appendix I for further discussion.

Terms related to youth risk behaviors

Current smoker-smoked at least one cigarette in the past

30 days.

Regular smoker-smoked at least one cigarette a day for

30 days.

Quit attempts (smoking) in past 6 months-youth were

asked if they had tried to quit smoking in the past 6 months.

Those who volunteered that they had not smoked in the past 6

months were excluded from the denominator for this variable.

Chewing tobacc+ncludes products such as Redman,

Levi Garrett, and Beechnut.

Snu#Ancludes products such as Skoal, Skoal Bandits,

and Copenhagen.

Alcohol-includes beer, wine, wine coolers, and liquor

such as rum, gin, vodka, and whiskey.

Ever drank alcohol-had a whole drink of alcohol, more

than just a few sips.

Current drinker-had at least one drink of alcohol in the

past 30 days,

Drinking and driving-denominator was restricted to youth

who were at least 16 years of age, the minimum age (in most

States) for unsupervised driving.

Illegal drugs-include marijuana, cocaine, crack freebase, LSD, PCP, mushroom, speed, ice, heroin, pills without a

doctor’s prescription, steroids without a doctor’s prescription,

any injectable drugs, or anything else defined by the respondent as an illegal drug.

Other illegal drugs-include LSD, PCP, mushroom, speed,

ice, heroin, pills without a doctor’s prescription, or anything

else defied by the respondent as an illegal drug. Question on

“other illegal drugs” follows questions on marijuana, cocaine,

crack or freebase, and therefore implicitly excludes these

drugs, It precedes questions on steroids without a doctor’s

prescription and use of any injectable drugs. Because of

question placement, the respondent may or may not have

considered these drugs when answering the question on “other

illegal drugs.”

All drug use statuses<ncludes all youth in the YRBS

sample, including those for whom illegal drug use status was

unknown.

Ever used drugs-includes youth who responded atlirmatively to any of the illegal drug use questions.

Never used drugs-includes youth who responded negatively to all of the illegal drug use questions.

50
Sexually experienced-youth 14-21 years of age who had

ever had sexual intercourse.

Contraceptive method~outh 14-21 years of age were

asked which contraceptive method they or their partner had

used to prevent pregnancy the last time they had sex. Only one

method was accepted+ondom, birth control pills, withdrawal, or some other method. Although withdrawal was listed

as a contraceptive method it is considered an umeliable form

of birth control.

Runaway and homeless experiences-youth 12–21 years

were asked if they had stayed out overnight without permission during the past 12 months. Respondents were also asked,

regardless of whether they needed permission, if they had

spent at least one night in any of the following places within

the last 12 months: a youth or adult shelteq a public place

such as a train, bus station, restaurant, or office building an

abandoned building a car, truck, or va~ outside in a park on

the street, under a bridge or overhang, or on a roof tow in the

subway, or other public place underground; or the home of

someone they did not know. In this report, these places were

classified as at-risk locations. These stays away from home

were used as proxy measures for runaway and homeless

experiences.

Type of weapon4ncludes handgun, other guns-such as

a rifle or shotgu~ Imife or razo~ club, stick, bat, or pipe; or

some other weapon.

Weight control-trying to lose weight or stay the same.

Type of weight control attempts—include dieting, exercising, vomiting, taking diet pills, or some other method and are

not mutually exclusive.

Wgorous exercise+xercise or sports that cause sweating

and hard breathing, such as basketball, jogging, fast dancing,

swimming laps, tennis, fast bicycling, or other aerobic activities.

Stretching exercises-include toe touching, knee bending,

or leg stretching.

Muscle exercises-include push-ups, sit-ups, or weight

lifting to strengthen or tone muscles.

“U.S.Gownnml PrintingOlflcs 1995— 3SWW20011

51
Vital and Health Statistics

series descriptions

SERIES 1.

SERIES 2,

SERIES 3.

SERIES 4.

SERIES 5.

SERIES 6,

SERIES 10.

SERIES 11.

SERIES 12.

SERIES 13.

Programs and Collection Procedures-These reports

describe the data collection programs of the National Center

for Health statistics. They include descriptions of the methods

used to collect and process the data, definitions, and other

material necessa~ for understanding the data.

Data Evaluation and Methoda Research—These reports

are studies of new statistical methods and include analytical

techniques, objective evacuations of reliability of collected

data, and contributions to statistical thacxy. These studies also

include experimental tests of new survey methods and

comparisons of U.S. methodology with those of other

countries.

Analytical and Epidemiological Studies-These reports

present analytical or interpretive studies based on vital and

health statistics. These reports carry the analyses Mher than

the expository types of reports in the other series.

Documents and Committee Reports-These are final

reports of major comm”tiees concerned with vital and health

statistics and documents such as recommended model vital

registration laws and revised birth and death certificates.

International Vital and Health Statistics Reports-These

reports are analytical or descriptive reports that compare U.S.

vital and health statistics with those of other countries or

present other international data of relevance to the health

statistics system of the United States.

Cognition and Survey Meaaurement—These reports are

from the National Laboratory for Collaborative Research in

Cognition and Survey Measurement. They use methods of

cognitive science to design, evaluate, and test survey

instruments.

Date From the National Health Interview Survey-These

reports contain statistics on illness; unintentional injuries;

disability use of hospital, medical, and other health services;

and a wide range of special current health topics covering

many aspects of health behaviors, health status, and health

care utilization. They are based on data collected in a

continuing national household interview survey.

Data From the Nstional Health Examination Survey, the

National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, and

the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey—

Data from direct examination, testing, and measurement on

representative sampies of the civilian noninstitutionalized

population provide the basis for (1) medically defined total

prevalence of specific diseases or condtions in the United

States and the distributions of the population with respect to

physical, physiological, end psychological characteristics, and

(2) anaiyses of trends and relationships among various

measurements and between survey periods.

Data From the institutionalized Population Surveys—

Discontinued in 1975. Reports from these surveys are

included in Series 13.

Data From the Nationsl Health Care Survey-These

reports contain statistics on health resources and the public’s

use of heaith care resources including ambulatory, hospital,

and iong-term care services based on data coilected directly

from heaith care providers and provider records.

SERIES 14. Data on Health Resources: Manpower and Facilities—

Discontinued in 1990. Reports on the numbers, geographic

distribution, and characteristics of health resources are now

included in Series 13.

SERiES 15. Data From Special Surveys—These reports contain

statistics on health and health-related topics collected in

special surveys that are not part of the continuing data

systems of the National Center for Health Statistics.

SERIES 16. Compilations of Advance Data From Vital and Health

Statistics-Advance Data Reports provide early release of

information from the National Center for Health Statistics’

health and demographic surveys. They are compiled in the

order in which they are published. Some of these re!eases

may be followed by detailed reports in Series 10-13.

SERIES 20. Data on Mortality-These reports contain statistics on

mortality that are not included in regular, annual, or monthly

reports. Special analyses by cause of death, age, other

demographic variables, and geographic and trend analyses

are included.

SERIES 21. Date on Natelity, Marriage, and Divorce-These reports

contain statistics on nataiii, marriage, and divorce that are

not included in regular, annual, or monthly reports. Special

analyses by health and demographic variables and

geographic end trend analyses are included.

SERiES 22. Data From the National Mortality and Natality SurveyaDiscontinued in 1975. Reports from these sample surveys,

based on vital records, are now published in Series 20 or 21.

SERIES 23. Data From the National Survey of Famiiy Growth—

These reports contain statistics on factors that affect birth

rates, including contraception, infertility, cohabitation,

marriage, divorce, end remarriage adoption; use of medical

care for family planning and infertility and re!ated maternal

and infant health topics. These statistics are based on

national surveys of childbearing age.

SERIES 24. Compilations of Data on Natality, Mortality, Marriage,

Divorce, and Induced Terminations of Pregnancy—

These include advance reports of births, deaths, marriages,

and divorces based on final data from the National Vital

Statistics System that were published as supp!emerrts to tha

Monthly Vi StatisticsReport (MVSR). Theee reports provide

highlights and summaries of detaiied data subsequently

published in Vital Statistics of the United States. Other

supplements to the MVSR published here provide selected

findings based on final data from the National Vital Statistics

System and may be followed by detailed reporta in Series 20

or 21.

For answers to questions about this report or for a list of reports published

in these series, contact

Data Dissemination Branch

National Center for Health Statistics

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Public Health Service

6525 Belcrest Road, Room 1064

Hyattsville, MD 20782

(301) 436-8500

E-mail: nchsque@nchl Oa.em.cdc.gov

Internet http//www.cdc.gov/nchswww/nchshome.htm
DEPARTMENT OF

HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Public Health Service

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

National Center for Health Statistics

6525 Belcrest Road

Hyattsville, Maryland 20782

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300

BULK RATE

POSTAGE & FEES PAID

PHS/NCHS

PERMIT NO. G-281

DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 95-1520, Series 10, No, 192

5-0741 (6/95)