Analysis of the Pan-Tilt-Zoom Consistency of 

a Sony SNC-RZ30N Camera 

by Nicholas Fung 

ARL-MR-0721 May 2009 

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Army Research Laboratory 

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ARL-MR-0721 May 2009 

Analysis of the Pan-Tilt-Zoom Consistency of 

a Sony SNC-RZ30N Camera 

Nicholas Fung 

Computational and Information Sciences Directorate, ARL 

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. 
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Analysis of the Pan-Tilt-Zoom Consistency of a Sony SNC-RZ30N Camera 

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13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 

14. ABSTRACT 

Pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) cameras are often the primary sensing equipment used in surveillance systems, because PTZ cameras 

allow a greater degree of flexibility in covering a large area with a limited number of cameras. Adapting these surveillance 

systems to remotely cue the PTZ camera using a networked computer station has increased their capability, but it has also 

increased their complexity. This report documents our efforts to measure the consistency of the SNC-RZ30N PTZ mechanism. 

Using a SNC-RZ30N Sony network camera created as a surveillance test bed at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory’s Adelphi 

Laboratory Center, MD, we attempted to cue the cameras to a specific PTZ setting using a software interface; however, the 

device was not consistently accurate in transforming to the instructed PTZ setting. 

15. SUBJECT TERMS

PTZ camera, camera consistency, SNC-RZ30N 

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Nicholas Fung 

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iii

Contents 

List of Figures iv

List of Tables iv

1. Introduction 1

2. Approach 2

2.1 Cameras...........................................................................................................................2 

2.2 Software...........................................................................................................................3 

2.3 Methodology ...................................................................................................................3 

3. Data Analysis 5

4. Conclusions 7

Appendix A. Raw Data Sets 9

Appendix B. Data Set Statistics 15

Appendix C. Overall Statistics 19

Distribution List 21 
iv

List of Figures 

Figure 1. Sony SNC-RZ30 camera with custom mount. ................................................................2 

Figure 2. Sample camera image with brightened points of measurements.....................................4 

Figure 3. Maximum deviation and standard deviation across all trials. .........................................6 

Figure 4. Standard deviations of pan, tilt, zoom, and PTZ data sets. .............................................7

List of Tables 

Table A-1. Data Set 1, Camera 172.18.130.210. ..........................................................................10 

Table A-2. Data Set 2, Camera 172.18.130.210. ..........................................................................11 

Table A-3. Data Set 3, Camera 172.18.130.211. ..........................................................................12 

Table A-4. Data Set 4, Camera 172.18.130.212. ..........................................................................13 

Table A-5. Data Set 5, Camera 172.18.130.213. ..........................................................................14 

Table B-1. Data Set 1 Statistics, Camera 172.18.130.210............................................................15 

Table B-2. Data Set 2 Statistics, Camera 172.18.130.210............................................................15 

Table B-3. Data Set 3 Statistics, Camera 172.18.130.211............................................................16 

Table B-4. Data Set 4 Statistics, Camera 172.18.130.212............................................................16 

Table B-5. Data Set 5 Statistics, Camera 172.18.130.213............................................................17 

Table C-1. Overall statistics in degrees. ........................................................................................19 
1

1. Introduction

Persistent surveillance is an important goal with many different applications. As part of the 

persistent surveillance test bed established at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL), 

Adelphi Laboratory Center, MD, four cameras were mounted on the roof and software was 

designed to connect these cameras to the local network system. The reliability of the persistent 

surveillance system is in large part dependent upon the accuracy and consistency of the camera 

control mechanisms. 

An example application of the camera surveillance system is target identification. Target 

identification is the ability of the system to identify objects in the given scene and determine 

whether or not they are of interest. A simple algorithm for identification is to compare the 

current scene with a “typical” scene and note the difference in the images. The algorithm would 

be able to interpret the differences, infer objects, and determine if the objects are targets of 

interest. While the camera’s accuracy and consistency do not directly apply to identifying the 

target, it is important in locating a target relative to the camera’s position. Accurate pan, tilt, and 

zoom (PTZ) values allow for a target to be registered within a world model. 

The goal of target tracking is to record movements or changes in an identified target. If the 

target is moving, the system should be able to follow and continually monitor the target. If the 

context dictates it, the system should notify a user or sound an alarm. Tracking a target requires 

accurate PTZ values. Accurate measurements allow users or software programs to better 

interpret movements of the target and anticipate tracking movements that the camera must take. 

Camera calibration is the act of determining the camera’s external orientation and position in 

addition to its internal settings, such as the focal length. The benefit of deriving a camera’s 

external parameters is the ability to place the camera and the image within a world space. The 

accuracy of the camera’s PTZ functions is important for operating the camera without losing its 

position within the established space. 

The effectiveness of these applications depends upon the ability to determine the current PTZ 

of the camera. Our goal in this report is to evaluate the camera’s ability to return to a specific 

PTZ orientation when starting from an arbitrary position. This data will provide an indication 

of how accurate and consistent the image processing algorithms can be implemented on these 

specific cameras. 
2

2. Approach 

2.1 Cameras 

The four cameras of interest are Sony SNC-RZ30 models. Each of these cameras was mounted 

using a custom-built system to overhang from the roof of the Adelphi Laboratory Center, MD. 

An image of the mounted camera can be seen in figure 1. The Sony cameras are capable of a 

pan range from –170° to 170°. The tilt range of the camera is –90° to 25°. The cameras are 

capable of up to 25× optical zoom corresponding to values from 0 to 100. A value of 0 sets the 

camera at the lowest zoom setting with a 45° field of view, while a zoom value of 100 provides 

the highest zoom setting with a 2° field of view. The cameras also provide an additional 12× 

digital zoom, but this feature was not used in the experimentation. 

Figure 1. Sony SNC-RZ30 camera with custom mount. 

The cameras can record images at several resolutions. For this testing, we configured the 

cameras to output a stream at the highest resolution, 640x480. At the higher resolutions, each 

pixel corresponds to a smaller area, which will allow for a more precise measurement of 

individual points of interest. 
3

2.2 Software 

The Sony cameras each have a Web interface to control the device and view the incoming 

images. The interface uses a Java applet to provide a graphical user interface. The user interface 

could be used to capture images and save them on the local computer. The interface also 

provides the ability to pan, tilt, and zoom the camera. The pan and tilt are controlled through 

four buttons that a user can click with the mouse. The zoom is handled by a horizontal bar. The 

user can click along the bar to set the zoom. One limitation of this interface is that the pan, tilt, 

and zoom are inexact and a given PTZ setting cannot be reliably repeated. 

To give more control over the positional settings, we created a custom program to control the 

cameras. The program has a simple design and leverages the network and software architecture 

of the Battlefield Information Processing internal network. The new control program takes in 

parameters from the user and sets the camera accordingly. For example, the user can cue the 

camera to pan to a value of 58. The advantage of such an interface is that the camera can 

consistently be cued to a specific positional setting. 

2.3 Methodology 

The testing method involved recording several images from the camera before and after altering 

the camera’s positioning. We used the software interface to position the camera to specific PTZ 

values. The initial image recording was captured from this positional setting. We then cued the 

camera to another setting before cueing it back to the first setting. The second image recording 

is captured from this position. The more consistent the camera is in panning, tilting, and 

zooming to a given location, the more similar the two images will be. 

To measure the consistency of the PTZ operation, we chose two easily distinguishable locations 

on the image. Figure 2 is a sample capture from one of the cameras. The image has been altered 

to highlight two points that can be used for measuring. In this instance, the chosen points are 

corners of parking spots. We measured the x and y coordinates of the selected points and 

compared them to subsequent image captures. The differences in the x and y measurements are 

an indication of the consistency of the pan and tilt positioning. The distance between the two 

selected points in the same image is directly correlated with the zoom of the camera. 

Thus, a difference in the distances between two images indicates inconsistencies with 

the zoom mechanic. 
4

Figure 2. Sample camera image with brightened points of measurements. 

Each data set taken consists of 20 sample images. The 20 images are broken into four different 

groups, which test the consistency of the pan operation, the tilt operation, the zoom operation, 

and an operation using pan, tilt, and zoom. Each group uses five images in an attempt to 

measure a specific movement by taking images before and after moving in a specific direction. 

The first image in a group is the starting image. The second image in the group is taken after 

moving the camera in one direction and back. The third image is taken after moving the camera 

in the opposite direction and back. The fourth and fifth images are taken after repeated 

movements. As an example, a group of images might be taken as follows: 

1. Image 1 taken and stored. 

2. Camera panned 30° and back. 

3. Image 2 taken and stored. 

4. Camera panned –30° and back. 

5. Image 3 taken and stored. 

6. Camera panned 30° and back. 

7. Image 4 taken and stored. 

8. Camera panned –30° and back. 

9. Image 5 taken and stored. 
5

The zoom is an important factor to consider when analyzing the data. At a higher zoom setting, 

each pixel represents a smaller angle than if the zoom were set lower. In other words, a standard 

deviation of 1.5 pixels with a zoom of 50 is not the same as a 1.5 pixel standard deviation with a 

zoom of 20. For this reason, the pixel difference values were converted to angles in order to 

measure the degree difference. In the previous example, the zoom of 50 yields a 0.037 

horizontal degrees per pixel while the zoom of 20 corresponds to 0.057 horizontal degrees per 

pixel. In addition to being able to compare values from zoom settings, knowing the number of 

degrees off axis the camera is positioned is more directly applicable. The translation from pixel 

to degrees is accomplished via an approximated equation. The camera documentation specifies a 

viewing angle range of 2° to 45°. The maximum zoom value of 100 relates to a 2° viewing angle 

while the minimum zoom value of 0 corresponds to a 45° viewing angle. There are 640 pixels 

horizontally across the image and 480 pixels vertically. The camera zoom values of 0 to 100 are 

assumed to be on a linear scale. Thus, the following equations are formed: 

640

45

100

zoom*43

Error Pan (degrees) Error Horizontal *(pixels)





 



  

 (1) 

480

45

100

zoom*43

Error Tilt (degrees) Error Vertical *(pixels)





 



  

 (2) 

3. Data Analysis

A total of five sets of data were taken: one each from the four rooftop cameras and an additional 

set from a camera stationed on the southwest corner of the building with Internet protocol (IP) 

address of 172.18.130.210. 

The first data set was taken by camera 172.18.130.210. The images for this set were taken with a 

pan value of –10, a tilt value of 20, and a zoom value of 60. The raw data can be seen in 

appendix A. The calculated average, standard deviation, and maximum deviation values broken 

up by pan, tilt, and zoom; the PTZ categories can be seen in appendix B. The data shows that the 

standard deviation of the change in pixel position is very small. The largest maximum deviation 

is four pixels in the horizontal direction and the largest standard deviation is 1.1695 pixels also in 

the horizontal direction. Using the approximate conversion discussed in the previous section, the 

maximum deviation translates to 0.12° and the standard deviation translates to 0.0351°. 
6

The standard deviation and maximum deviation across all the data sets can be seen in figure 3. 

The standard deviations are all under 0.05° and the maximum deviations are under 0.3°. 

Statistically, about 95% of samples will lie within two standard deviations. Thus, future pan and 

tilt trials can be expected to be consistent within 0.1° about 95% of the time. Stated differently, 

successive pan and tilt movements will result in the same viewing angle within 0.1° with 95% 

certainty. The distance measurement is meant to evaluate the consistency of the zoom mechanic. 

The overall data shows that the standard deviation of the distance is 0.0268°. Similar to the 

previous assessment, this means that there is a 95% certainty that the zoom mechanic is 

consistent to within 0.06°. 

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

Camera Consistency Results (All Trials)

Standard

Deviation

(Degrees)

Maximum

Deviation

(Degrees)

Figure 3. Maximum deviation and standard deviation across all trials. 

A comparison of the standard deviations from different test sets can be seen in figure 4. The data 

sets in this chart are separated by trials that altered the pan, tilt, zoom, or all three mechanisms. 

Measuring the standard deviation over all three operations yields results from potential field 

usage of the device, when the operation may all be used to follow a target. The resulting data 

shows that there is not a large difference among the sets. All the standard deviations are less 

than 0.06° and larger than 0.02°. The largest differences occur in the y coordinates, where 
7

changing the pan mechanism results in a smaller standard deviation than changing the zoom 

mechanism. Also, altering the zoom in both the zoom change data set and the PTZ change data 

set resulted in larger standard deviations than altering either the pan or tilt individually. 

Figure 4. Standard deviations of pan, tilt, zoom, and PTZ data sets. 

4. Conclusions 

The inconsistencies found during this experimentation were meant to measure the ability of the 

PTZ mechanism of the cameras; however, several other factors could have contributed to these 

inconsistencies, including the camera installation physically moving due to wind or human error 

in the measurements. 

The experiments data shows the Sony SNC-RZ30N cameras are consistent within 0.055° under 

pan, tilt, zoom, and PTZ operations. This value means that subsequent cues will have a 95% 

chance of viewing the same area to within 0.11°. Whether this accuracy is sufficient depends 

upon the application for which the camera is being used. For monitoring small objects at a large 

distance, this value may produce inaccurate results. For monitoring large objects at a close 

distance, this value may be sufficient. 
8

INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK. 
9

Appendix A. Raw Data Sets
10 

Table A-1. Data Set 1, Camera 172.18.130.210. 172.18.130.210 

Trial Input Pan Input Tilt Input Zoom Output Pan Output Tilt Output Zoom Point 1 x Point 1 y Point 2 x 

1 –10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 60 282 437 

2 10 20 60 9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 3 –10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 59 283 437 4 0 20 60 0 19.984894 59.997559 5 –10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 59 282 436 6 10 20 60 9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 7 –10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 60 282 438 8 0 20 60 0 19.984894 59.997559 9 –10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 60 283 436 

10 –10 40 60 –9.889328 39.969788 59.997559 11 –10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 60 283 437 12 –10 0 60 –9.889328 0 59.997559 13 –10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 60 283 436 14 –10 40 60 –9.889328 39.969788 59.997559 15 –10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 61 283 437 16 –10 0 60 –9.889328 0 59.997559 17 –10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 62 283 438 18 –10 20 20 –9.889328 19.984894 19.995117 19 -10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 58 283 434 20 –10 20 100 –9.889328 19.984894 100 21 –-10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 59 283 437 22 –10 20 20 –9.889328 19.984894 19.995117 23 –10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 60 282 437 24 –10 20 100 –9.889328 19.984894 100 25 –10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 59 283 436 26 0 0 100 0 0 100 27 –10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 60 283 436 28 10 40 20 9.889328 39.969788 19.995117 29 –10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 59 284 435 30 0 0 100 0 0 100 31 –10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 60 283 437 32 10 40 20 9.889328 39.969788 19.995117 33 –10 20 60 –9.889328 19.984894 59.997559 58 284 434 

 Average 59.647 282.88 436.35 

 Standard Deviation 0.9963 0.6002 1.1695  Maximum Deviation 4 2 4 

10
11 

Table A-2. Data Set 2, Camera 172.18.130.210. 172.18.130.210 

Trial Input Pan Input Tilt Input Zoom Output Pan Output Tilt Output Zoom Point 1 x Point 1 y Point 2 x 

1 75 30 50 74.988144 29.977341 49.993896 155 241 431 

2 60 30 50 59.90514 29.977341 49.993896 3 75 30 50 74.988144 29.977341 49.993896 154 240 432 4 90 30 50 90 29.977341 49.993896 5 75 30 50 74.988144 29.977341 49.993896 155 240 430 6 60 30 50 59.90514 29.977341 49.993896 7 75 30 50 74.988144 29.977341 49.993896 154 240 431 8 90 30 50 90 29.977341 49.993896 9 75 30 50 74.988144 29.977341 49.993896 154 240 431 

10 75 10 50 74.988144 9.992447 49.993896 11 75 30 50 74.988144 29.977341 49.993896 154 240 431 12 75 50 50 74.988144 49.962234 49.993896 13 75 30 50 74.988144 29.977341 49.993896 154 241 430 14 75 10 50 74.988144 9.992447 49.993896 15 75 30 50 74.988144 29.977341 49.993896 154 240 431 16 75 50 50 74.988144 49.962234 49.993896 17 75 30 50 74.988144 29.977341 49.993896 154 241 432 18 75 30 30 74.988144 29.909365 29.998779 19 75 30 50 74.988144 29.977341 49.993896 154 240 431 20 75 30 70 74.988144 29.977341 69.995117 21 75 30 50 74.988144 29.909365 49.993896 155 243 431 22 75 30 30 74.988144 29.977341 29.998779 23 75 30 50 74.988144 29.909365 49.993896 155 243 431 24 75 30 70 74.988144 29.977341 69.995117 25 75 30 50 74.988144 29.909365 49.993896 155 243 431 26 60 10 30 59.90514 9.992447 29.998779 27 75 30 50 74.988144 29.977341 49.993896 154 240 431 28 90 50 70 90 49.962234 69.995117 29 75 30 50 74.988144 29.977341 49.993896 155 241 431 30 60 10 30 59.90514 9.992447 29.998779 31 75 30 50 74.988144 29.977341 49.993896 154 240 430 32 90 50 70 90 49.962234 69.995117 33 75 30 50 74.988144 29.977341 49.993896 154 240 431 

 Average 154.35 240.76 430.94  Standard Deviation 0.4926 1.1472 0.5557  Maximum Deviation 1 3 2 

11
12 

Table A-3. Data Set 3, Camera 172.18.130.211. 172.18.130.211 

Trial Input Pan Input Tilt Input Zoom Output Pan Output Tilt Output Zoom Point 1 x Point 1 y Point 2 x 

1 -60 35 30 -59.973284 34.803627 29.998779 280 338 340 

2 -80 35 30 -79.968376 34.803627 29.998779 3 -60 35 30 -59.976284 34.803627 29.998779 280 337 340 4 -40 35 30 -39.984188 34.803627 29.998779 5 -60 35 30 -59.976284 34.803627 29.998779 279 336 340 6 -80 35 30 -79.968376 34.803627 29.998779 7 -60 35 30 -59.976284 34.803627 29.998779 280 337 340 8 -40 35 30 -39.984188 34.803627 29.998779 9 -60 35 30 -59.976284 34.803627 29.998779 281 337 339 

10 -60 10 30 -59.90514 9.992447 29.998779 11 -60 35 30 -59.90514 34.939575 29.998779 281 334 341 12 -60 60 30 -59.90514 59.954681 29.998779 13 -60 35 30 -59.90514 34.939575 29.998779 283 333 342 14 -60 10 30 -59.90514 9.992447 29.998779 15 -60 35 30 -59.90514 34.939575 29.998779 281 333 340 16 -60 60 30 -59.90514 59.954681 29.998779 17 -60 35 30 -59.90514 34.939575 29.998779 282 334 340 18 -60 35 10 -59.976284 34.871601 9.997559 19 -60 35 30 -59.976284 34.803627 29.998779 280 337 339 20 -60 35 50 -59.976284 34.803627 49.993896 21 -60 35 30 -59.976284 34.803627 29.998779 281 337 341 22 -60 35 10 -59.976284 34.803627 9.997559 23 -60 35 30 -59.976284 34.803627 29.998779 280 338 339 24 -60 35 50 -59.976284 34.803627 49.993896 25 -60 35 30 -59.976284 34.803627 29.998779 280 337 338 26 -80 10 10 -79.897232 9.992447 9.997559 27 -60 35 30 -59.90514 34.939575 29.998779 281 334 341 28 -40 60 50 -39.913044 59.954681 49.993896 29 -60 35 30 -59.90514 34.939575 29.998779 282 333 341 30 -80 10 10 -79.897232 9.992447 9.997559 31 -60 35 30 -59.90514 34.939575 29.998779 282 334 340 32 -40 60 50 -39.913044 59.954681 49.993896 33 -60 35 30 -59.90514 34.939575 29.998779 282 333 341 

 Average 280.88 335.41 340.12  Standard Deviation 1.0537 1.9384 0.9926  Maximum Deviation 4 5 4 

12
13 

Table A-4. Data Set 4, Camera 172.18.130.212. 172.18.130.212 

Trial Input Pan Input Tilt Input Zoom Output Pan Output Tilt Output Zoom Point 1 x Point 1 y Point 2 x 

1 65 25 60 64.885376 24.94713 59.997559 234 211 493 

2 50 25 60 49.944664 24.94713 59.997559 3 65 25 60 64.95652 24.94713 59.997559 236 211 496 4 80 25 60 79.968376 24.94713 59.997559 5 65 25 60 64.95652 24.94713 59.997559 237 212 496 6 50 25 60 49.944664 24.94713 59.997559 7 65 25 60 64.885376 24.94713 59.997559 233 211 492 8 80 25 60 79.968376 24.94713 59.997559 9 65 25 60 64.95652 24.94713 59.997559 237 211 496 

10 65 10 60 64.885376 9.992447 59.997559 11 65 25 60 64.885376 24.94713 59.997559 233 211 492 12 65 40 60 64.885376 39.969788 59.997559 13 65 25 60 64.885376 24.94713 59.997559 234 211 493 14 65 10 60 64.885376 9.992447 59.997559 15 65 25 60 64.885376 24.94713 59.997559 233 212 493 16 65 40 60 64.885376 39.969788 59.997559 17 65 25 60 64.885376 24.94713 59.997559 234 212 493 18 65 25 40 64.885376 24.94713 39.996338 19 65 25 60 64.95652 24.94713 59.997559 237 212 496 20 65 25 80 64.95652 24.94713 79.998779 21 65 25 60 64.95652 24.94713 59.997559 237 211 497 22 65 25 40 64.95652 24.94713 39.996338 23 65 25 60 64.95652 24.94713 59.997559 237 212 497 24 65 25 80 64.95652 24.94713 79.998779 25 65 25 60 64.95652 24.94713 59.997559 238 211 498 26 50 10 40 49.873516 9.992447 39.996338 27 65 25 60 64.885376 24.94713 59.997559 234 212 494 28 80 40 80 79.897232 39.969788 79.998779 29 65 25 60 64.885376 24.94713 59.997559 234 212 493 30 50 10 40 49.873516 9.992447 39.996338 31 65 25 60 64.885376 24.94713 59.997559 234 212 493 32 80 40 80 79.897232 39.969788 79.998779 33 65 25 60 64.885376 24.94713 59.997559 234 212 493 

 Average 235.06 211.53 494.41  Standard Deviation 1.7489 0.5145 1.9704  Maximum Deviation 5 1 6 

13
14 

Table A-5. Data Set 5, Camera 172.18.130.213. 172.18.130.213 Trial Input Pan Input Tilt Input Zoom Output Pan Output Tilt Output Zoom Point 1 x Point 1 y Point 2 x 

1 40 15 60 39.913044 14.954682 59.997559 97 274 457 

2 20 15 60 19.992094 14.886707 59.997559 3 40 15 60 39.984188 14.886707 59.997559 100 278 461 4 60 15 60 59.976284 14.886707 59.997559 5 40 15 60 39.984188 14.886707 59.997559 101 277 461 6 20 15 60 19.992094 14.886707 59.997559 7 40 15 60 39.984188 14.886707 59.997559 102 277 461 8 60 15 60 59.90514 14.954682 59.997559 9 40 15 60 39.984188 14.886707 59.997559 100 277 461 

10 40 5 60 39.913044 4.962235 59.997559 11 40 15 60 39.913044 14.954682 59.997559 98 272 457 12 40 25 60 39.913044 24.94713 59.997559 13 40 15 60 39.913044 14.954682 59.997559 97 273 457 14 40 5 60 39.913044 4.962235 59.997559 15 40 15 60 39.913044 14.954682 59.997559 98 272 457 16 40 25 60 39.913044 24.94713 59.997559 17 40 15 60 39.913044 14.954682 59.997559 97 272 457 18 40 15 40 39.984188 14.886707 39.996338 19 40 15 60 39.984188 14.886707 59.997559 101 277 461 20 40 15 80 39.984188 14.886707 79.998779 21 40 15 60 39.984188 14.886707 59.997559 102 277 462 22 40 15 40 39.984188 14.886707 39.996338 23 40 15 60 39.984188 14.886707 59.997559 102 278 461 24 40 15 80 39.984188 14.886707 79.998779 25 40 15 60 39.984188 14.886707 59.997559 102 277 462 26 20 5 40 19.920948 4.962235 39.996338 27 40 15 60 39.913044 14.954682 59.997559 98 274 457 28 60 25 80 59.90514 24.94713 79.998779 29 40 15 60 39.913044 14.954682 59.997559 99 273 458 30 20 5 40 19.920948 4.962235 39.996338 31 40 15 60 39.913044 14.954682 59.997559 98 273 457 32 60 25 80 59.90514 24.94713 79.998779 33 40 15 60 39.913044 14.954682 59.997559 98 274 458 

 Average 99.412 275 459.12  Standard Deviation 1.9384 2.2913 2.1179  Maximum Deviation 5 6 5 

14
15

Appendix B. Data Set Statistics 

Table B-1. Data Set 1 Statistics, Camera 172.18.130.210. 

 Point 1 x Point 1 y Point 2 x Point 2 y Distance 

Pan Stats 

Average 59.6 282.4 436.8 336.2 381.02 

Standard deviation 0.54772 0.5477 0.83666 0.4472 0.8858 

Maximum deviation 1 1 2 1 2.2634 

 

Tilt Stats 

Average 60.6 283 436.8 336.2 379.94 

Standard deviation 0.89443 0 0.83666 0.4472 0.4314 

Maximum deviation 2 0 2 1 0.9902 

 

Zoom Stats 

Average 59.6 282.8 436.4 336.4 380.59 

Standard deviation 1.51658 0.4472 1.51658 0.5477 0.9021 

Maximum deviation 4 1 4 1 2.1207 

 

Pan/Tilt/Zoom Stats 

Average 59.2 283.4 435.6 336.8 380.17 

Standard deviation 0.83666 0.5477 1.14018 0.4472 0.5603 

Maximum deviation 2 1 3 1 1.1307 

Table B-2. Data Set 2 Statistics, Camera 172.18.130.210. 

Point 1 x Point 1 y Point 2 x Point 2 y Distance

Pan Stats 

Average 154.4 240.2 431 195.2 280.24 

Standard deviation 0.54772 0.4472 0.70711 0.4472 1.0592 

Maximum deviation 1 1 2 1 2.803 

 

Tilt Stats 

Average 154 240.4 431 195 280.7 

Standard deviation 0 0.5477 0.70711 0 0.7032 

Maximum deviation 0 1 2 0 1.973 

 

Zoom Stats 

Average 154.6 242 431.2 196.6 280.3 

Standard deviation 0.54772 1.4142 0.44721 1.5166 0.9224 

Maximum deviation 1 3 1 3 2.1356 

 

Pan/Tilt/Zoom Stats 

Average 154.4 240.8 430.8 195.6 280.07 

Standard deviation 0.54772 1.3038 0.44721 1.3416 0.5152 

Maximum deviation 1 3 1 3 0.987 
16

Table B-3. Data Set 3 Statistics, Camera 172.18.130.211. 

Point 1 x Point 1 y Point 2 x Point 2 y Distance

Pan Stats 

Average 280 337 339.8 183.6 164.65 

Standard deviation 0.70711 0.7071 0.44721 0.5477 0.6949 

Maximum deviation 2 2 1 1 1.651 

 

Tilt Stats 

Average 281.6 334.2 340.4 181.2 163.91 

Standard deviation 0.89443 1.6432 1.14018 1.7889 1.1819 

Maximum deviation 2 4 3 4 3.1583 

 

Zoom Stats 

Average 280.6 336.6 339.4 183.6 163.91 

Standard deviation 0.89443 1.5166 1.14018 2.0736 0.8906 

Maximum deviation 2 4 3 5 2.2252 

 

Pan/Tilt/Zoom Stats 

Average 281.4 334.2 340.2 181.2 163.91 

Standard deviation 0.89443 1.6432 1.30384 2.1679 0.7263 

Maximum deviation 2 4 3 5 1.8701 

Table B-4. Data Set 4 Statistics, Camera 172.18.130.212. 

Point 1 x Point 1 y Point 2 x Point 2 y Distance

Pan Stats 

Average 235.4 211.2 494.6 432.4 340.76 

Standard deviation 1.81659 0.4472 1.94936 0.5477 0.3885 

Maximum deviation 4 1 4 1 0.7613 

 

Tilt Stats 

Average 234.2 211.4 493.4 433 341.02 

Standard deviation 1.64317 0.5477 1.51658 0 0.3069 

Maximum deviation 4 1 4 0 0.7613 

 

Zoom Stats 

Average 236.6 211.6 496.2 433 341.19 

Standard deviation 1.51658 0.5477 1.92354 0.7071 0.7054 

Maximum deviation 4 1 5 2 1.4098 

 

Pan/Tilt/Zoom Stats 

Average 234.8 211.8 494.2 433.4 341.17 

Standard deviation 1.78885 0.4472 2.16795 0.5477 0.7053 

Maximum deviation 4 1 5 1 1.4098 
17

Table B-5. Data Set 5 Statistics, Camera 172.18.130.213. 

Point 1 x Point 1 y Point 2 x Point 2 y Distance

Pan Stats 

Average 100 276.6 460.2 373.8 373.08 

Standard deviation 1.87083 1.5166 1.78885 2.1679 0.8947 

Maximum deviation 5 4 4 5 2.1919 

 

Tilt Stats 

Average 98 273.2 457.8 371 372.86 

Standard deviation 1.22474 2.1679 1.78885 2.2361 0.8001 

Maximum deviation 3 5 4 5 1.9298 

 

Zoom Stats 

Average 100.8 276.2 460.6 373.4 372.7 

Standard deviation 2.16795 2.3875 2.07364 1.9494 0.6202 

Maximum deviation 5 6 5 5 1.4865 

 

Pan/Tilt/Zoom Stats 

Average 99 274.2 458.4 371.2 372.26 

Standard deviation 1.73205 1.6432 2.07364 2.1679 0.6629 

Maximum deviation 4 4 5 5 1.4865 
18

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19

Appendix C. Overall Statistics 

Table C-1. Overall statistics in degrees. 

Point 1 x Point 1 y Point 2 x Point 2 y Distance

Overall Stats 

Standard deviation 0.042289 0.048306 0.045584 0.048654 0.026828 

Maximum deviation 0.200625 0.250781 0.200625 0.250781 0.158408 

 

Overall Pan Stats 

Standard deviation 0.036526 0.025446 0.037128 0.027756 0.027763 

Maximum deviation 0.15 0.12 0.12 0.15 0.102922 

 

Overall Tilt Stats 

Standard deviation 0.031546 0.036799 0.041483 0.034044 0.026251 

Maximum deviation 0.12 0.200625 0.150469 0.200625 0.158408 

 

Overall Zoom Stats 

Standard deviation 0.044201 0.045893 0.047804 0.051164 0.029074 

Maximum deviation 0.15 0.200625 0.150469 0.250781 0.11161 

 

Overall PTZ Stats 

Standard Deviation 0.03914 0.041887 0.048654 0.050577 0.02264 

Maximum Deviation 0.12 0.200625 0.150469 0.250781 0.093799 
20

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21

No. of 

Copies Organization 

 1 ADMNSTR 

 ELEC DEFNS TECHL INFO CTR 

 ATTN DTIC OCP 

 8725 JOHN J KINGMAN RD STE 0944 

 FT BELVOIR VA 22060-6218 

 1 DARPA 

 ATTN IXO S WELBY 

 3701 N FAIRFAX DR 

 ARLINGTON VA 22203-1714 

 1 CD OFC OF THE SECY OF DEFNS 

 ATTN ODDRE (R&AT) 

 THE PENTAGON 

 WASHINGTON DC 20301-3080 

 1 US ARMY RSRCH DEV AND ENGRG 

 CMND 

 ARMAMENT RSRCH DEV AND 

 ENGRG CTR 

 ARMAMENT ENGRG AND 

 TECHNLGY CTR 

 ATTN AMSRD AAR AEF T J MATTS 

 BLDG 305 

 ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD 

 21005-5001 

 1 PM TIMS, PROFILER (MMS-P) 

 AN/TMQ-52 

 ATTN B GRIFFIES 

 BUILDING 563 

 FT MONMOUTH NJ 07703 

 1 US ARMY INFO SYS ENGRG CMND 

 ATTN AMSEL IE TD F JENIA 

 FT HUACHUCA AZ 85613-5300 

 1 COMMANDER 

 US ARMY RDECOM 

 ATTN AMSRD AMR 

 W C MCCORKLE 

 5400 FOWLER RD 

 REDSTONE ARSENAL AL 35898-5000 

 1 US GOVERNMENT PRINT OFF 

 DEPOSITORY RECEIVING SECTION 

 ATTN MAIL STOP IDAD J TATE 

 732 NORTH CAPITOL ST NW 

 WASHINGTON DC 20402 

No. of 

Copies Organization 

 1 US ARMY RSRCH LAB 

 ATTN AMSRD ARL CI OK TP 

 TECHL LIB T LANDFRIED 

 BLDG 4600 

 ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD 

 21005-5066 

 1 DIRECTOR 

 US ARMY RSRCH LAB 

 ATTN AMSRD ARL RO EV 

 W D BACH 

 PO BOX 12211 

 RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK NC 

 27709 

 6 US ARMY RSRCH LAB 

 ATTN AMSRD ARL CI IA N FUNG 

 ATTN AMSRD ARL CI IA P DAVID 

 ATTN AMSRD ARL CI IA S YOUNG 

 ATTN AMSRD ARL CI OK PE 

 TECHL PUB 

 ATTN AMSRD ARL CI OK TL 

 TECHL LIB 

 ATTN IMNE ALC HRR 

 MAIL & RECORDS MGMT 

 ADELPHI MD 20783-1197 

TOTAL; 16 (1 ELEC, 1 CD, 14 HCs)
22

INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK.