TREATIES AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL ACTS SERIES 14-1209.2

________________________________________________________________________

SCIENTIFIC COOPERATION

Agreement Between the 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

and TUNISIA

Signed at Tunis August 15, 2014

with

Annexes 
 NOTE BY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

 Pursuant to Public Law 89—497, approved July 8, 1966

(80 Stat. 271; 1 U.S.C. 113)—

“. . .the Treaties and Other International Acts Series issued

under the authority of the Secretary of State shall be competent

evidence . . . of the treaties, international agreements other than

treaties, and proclamations by the President of such treaties and

international agreements other than treaties, as the case may be, 

therein contained, in all the courts of law and equity and of maritime

jurisdiction, and in all the tribunals and public offices of the

United States, and of the several States, without any further proof

or authentication thereof.”
 TUNISIA

 Scientific Cooperation

 Agreement signed at Tunis August 15, 2014;

 Entered into force December 9, 2014.

 With annexes.
AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE 

GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 

AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE 

REPUBLIC OF TUNISIA 

ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COOPERATION 

The Government of the United States of America and the Government of the 

Republic of Tunisia (hereinafter referred to as the "Parties"), 

Realizing that international cooperation in science and technology will 

strengthen the bonds of friendship and understanding between their peoples and 

will advance the state of science and technology of both countries, as well as 

humankind; 

Conscious of their responsibilities for contributing to the world's future 

prosperity and well-being, desiring to make further efforts to strengthen their 

respective national research and development policies; 

Recognizing the value of open data for scientific and technological 

cooperation and evidence-based decision-making; 

Committing to make every effort to create inclusive scientific communities ·"<· 

that include the participation of women and other under-represented groups; 

Considering scientific and technical cooperation is an important condition 

for the development of national economies and a basis for expanded trade; 

Intending to strengthen their economic cooperation through specific and 

advanced technology applications; and 

Wishing to establish dynamic and effective international cooperation 

between. s~ientific organizations and individual scientists in the two countries, 

Have agreed as follows: 

ARTICLE I 

l. The purposes of the Agreement is to strengthen scientific and technological 

capabilities of the Parties, to broaden and expand relations between the 

extensive scientific and technological communities of both countries, to 

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support innovation, to facilitate access to scientific data, and to promote 

scientific and technological cooperation in areas of mutual benefit for 

peaceful purposes. 

2. The principal objectives of this cooperation are to provide opportunities to 

exchange ideas, infonnation, skills, and techniques, and to collaborate on 

scientific and technological endeavors of mutual interest. 

ARTICLE II 

I. The Parties shall encourage cooperation on scientific and technological 

endeavors of mutual interest through exchanges of scientific and technical 

information; exchanges of scientists and technical experts; the convening of 

joint seminars and meetings; training of scientists and technical experts; the 

conduct of joint research projects; educational exchanges related to science 

and technology; establishment of science-based public-private partnerships; 

and other forms of scientific and technological cooperation as may be 

mutually agreed upon. 

2. Cooperation under the Agreement shall be based on shared responsibilities 

and equitable contributions and benefits, commensurate with the Parties' 

respective scientific and technological strengths and resources. 

3. Priority will be given to collaborations which can advance common goals in 

science and technology; and support partnerships between public and private 

research institutions and industry, touching on the full spectrum of science 

and technology issues, such as promotion of science-based decision-making, 

innovation, open data, environmental and biodiversity protection, integrated 

watershed management, marine scientific research, meteorology, 

seismology, agriculture, energy, space, health issues, biotechnology, 

information and communication technologies, science and technology 

education, and science, technology, and engineering for sustainable 

development. 

ARTICLE III 

1. The Parties shall encourage and facilitate, where appropriate, the 

development of direct contacts and cooperation between government 

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agencies, universities, research centers, institutions, private sector companies 

and other entities of the two countries. 

2. The Government agencies and designated entities of the Parties may 

conclude under the Agreement implementing agreements or arrangements, 

as appropriate, in specific areas of science and technology. These 

implementing agreements or arrangements shall cover, as appropriate, topics 

of cooperation, procedures for transfer and use of materials, equipment and 

funds, and other relevant issues. 

3. The Agreement is without prejudice to other science and technology 

agreements and arrangements between the United States and the Republic of 

Tunisia. 

ARTICLE IV 

Cooperative activities under the Agreement shall be conducted in 

accordance with the applicable laws, regulations, and procedures in both countries 

and shall be subject to the availability of funds and personnel. This Agreement 

does not constitute any obligation of funds by either Party. 

ARTICLE V 

Scientists, technical experts, government agencies and institutions of third 

countries or international organizations may, in appropriate cases, be invited by 

agreement of the Parties to participate at their own expense, unless otherwise 

agreed, in projects and programs being carried out under the Agreement. 

ARTICLE VI 

I. The Parties agree to consult periodically and at the request of either Party 

conce.rning the implementation of the Agreement and the development of 

their cooperation in science and technology. 

2. The Executive Agent for the United States shall be the Department of State; 

and for Tunisia, the Ministry in charge of scientific research or such other 

Ministry designated by the Govermnent of the Republic ofTunisia to the 

Department of State. The Executive Agents shall conduct administrative 

affairs and, as appropriate, provide oversight, guidance and coordination of 

activities under the Agreement. 

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3. The Executive Agents may hold consultations on science and technology 

policy and otherwise work to increase mutual understanding, identify and 

recommend areas of common interest, propose ways to enhance 

engagement, and periodically review cooperative activities. 

4. Each Party shall further designate a Point of Contact for notification and 

approval for marine scientific research and expeditiously act upon such 

requests recognizing that such activities substantially advance scientific 

knowledge. 

ARTICLE VII 

1. Scientific and technological information of a non-proprietary nature 

resulting from cooperative activities under the Agreement, other than 

information which is not disclosed for commercial or industrial reasons, may 

be made available, unless otherwise agreed, to the world scientific 

community in accordance with domestic laws and normal procedures of the 

participating agencies and entities. 

2. The treatment of intellectual property created or furnished in the course of 

cooperative activities under the Agreement is provided for in Annex I 

(Intellectual Property), which is an integral part of this Agreement and shall 

apply to all activities conducted under the auspices of the Agreement unless 

agreed otherwise by the Parties or their designees in writing. 

3. Intellectual property created in the course of cooperative activities under 

Article V (Third Country Participation) of the Agreement shall be allocated 

pursuant to an intellectual property management plan developed and agreed 

to by the Parties and the country(ies) involved. The plan shall be developed 

either prior to the start of their cooperation or within a reasonable period of 

time th-ereafter and shall consider the relative contributions of the countries 

and their participants, the benefits of licensing by territory or for fields of 

use, and requirements imposed by the countries' domestic laws. The rights 

of the Participants in any such arrangement shall be governed by this 

Agreement. 

4. The treatment of security arrangements for sensitive infonnation or 

equipment and unclassified export-controlled infonnation or equipment 

transferred under the Agreement is provided for in Annex II (Security 

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Obligations), which constitutes an integral part ofthis Agreement and which 

shall apply to all activities conducted under the auspices of the Agreement 

unless agreed otherwise by the Parties or their designees in writing. 

ARTICLE VIII 

1. Each Party shall facilitate, in accordance with its laws and regulations, entry 

into and exit from its territory of personnel and equipment of the other Party, 

engaged in or used in projects and programs under the Agreement. 

2. Each Party shall facilitate, in accordance with its laws and regulations, 

prompt and efficient access of persons of the other Party, participating in 

cooperative activities under this Agreement, to its relevant geographic areas, 

institutions, data, materials, and individual scientists, specialists and 

researchers as needed to carry out those activities. 

3. Any assistance provided by the United States pursuant to this Agreement 

shall be accorded treatment.consistent with assistance provided pursuant to 

the Economic, Technical and Related Assistance Agreement of March 26, 

1957, between the United States and Tunisia. 

ARTICLE IX 

Except as provided in Section II.D. of Annex I, in the event that differences 

arise between the Parties with regard to the interpretation or application of 

the provisions of the Agreement, the Parties shall resolve them by means of 

negotiations and consultations. 

ARTICLE X 

1. The Agreement shall enter into force on the date of the later note in an 

exchange of notes between the Parties indicating that each Party has 

completed its internal procedures for entry into force and shall remain in 

force for a period often (10) years. It may be amended, or extended for 

further five-year periods, by written agreement of the Parties. 

2. The Agreement may be tenninated at any time by either Party upon three (3) 

months written notice to the other Party. 

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3. Termination of the Agreement shall not affect the implementation of any 

cooperative activity carried out under the Agreement and not completed 

upon termination of the Agreement. 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being duly authorized by their 

respective Governments, have signed this Agreement. 

DONE at Tunis, in duplicate, this Fifteenth day of August 2014 in the English 

and Arabic languages, each text being equally authentic. 

FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: 

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His EXcellency Jacob Walles 

Ambassador of the United States of 

America to Tunisia 

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FORTHEGOVERNMENTOFTHE 

REPUBLIC OF TUNISIA: 

10C1t~ His Excellency Tawfik Jelassi 

Minister of Higher Education, Scientific 

Research, and Information and 

Communication Technology 
ANNEX I 

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 

Pursuant to - Article VII (2) of this Agreement: 

I. GENERAL OBLIGATION 

The Parties shall ensure adequate and effective protection of 

intellectual property created or furnished under this Agreement and 

relevant implementing arrangements. Rights to such intellectual property 

shall be allocated as provided in this Annex. 

II. Scope 

A. This Annex is applicable to all cooperative activities undertaken 

activities undertaken pursuant to this Agreement, except as otherwise 

specifically agreed by the Parties or their designees. 

B. For purposes of the Agreement, "intellectual property" shall mean the 

subject matter listed in Article 2 of the Convention Establishing the 

World Intellectual Property Organization, done at Stockholm, July 14, 

1967, and may include other subject matter as agreed by the Parties. 

C. Each Party shall ensure, through contracts or other legal means with 

its own participants, if necessary, that the other Party can obtain the 

rights to intellectual property allocated in accordance with this Annex. 

This Annex does not otherwise alter or prejudice the allocation of 

intellectual property between a Party and its nationals, which shall be 

determined by that Party's laws and practices. 

D .. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, disputes concerning 

intellectual property arising under this Agreement shall be resolved 

through discussions between the concerned participating institutions, 

or, if necessary, the Parties or their designees. Upon mutual 

agreement of the Parties, a dispute shall be submitted to an arbitral 

tribunal for binding arbitration in accordance with the applicable rules 

of international law. Unless the Parties or their designees agree 

otherwise in writing, the arbitration rules ofthe United Nations 

Commission on International Trade La'-'; (UNCITRAL) shall govern. 

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E. Tennination or expiration of this Agreement shall not affect rights or 

obligations under this Annex. 

III. ALLOCATION OF RIGHTS 

A. Each Party shall be entitled to a non-exclusive, irrevocable, royaltyfree license in all countries to translate, reproduce, and publicly 

distribute scientific and technical journal articles, monographs, 

reports, and books directly arising from cooperation under this 

Agreement. All publicly distributed copies of a copyrighted work 

prepared under this provision shall indicate the names of the authors 

of the work, unless an author explicitly declines to be named. 

B. Rights to all fonns of intellectual property, other than those rights 

described in paragraph IliA above, shall be allocated as follows: 

( 1) Visiting researchers shall receive rights, awards, bonuses and 

royalties in accordance with the policies of the host institution. 

(2) (a) Any intellectual property created by persons employed or 

sponsored by one Party under cooperative activities other than 

those covered by paragraph III.(B)(l) shall be owned by that 

Party. Intellectual property created by persons employed or 

sponsored by both Parties shall be jointly owned by the Parties. 

In addition, each creator shall be entitled to awards, bonuses, 

and royalties in accordance with the policies of the institution 

employing or sponsoring that person. 

(b) Unless otherwise agreed by the Parties, each Party shall have 

within its territory a right to exploit or license intellectual 

property created in the course of the cooperative activities. 

(c) The rights of a Party outside its territory shall be detennined by 

mutual agreement, considering the relative contributions of the 

Parties and their participants to the cooperative activities, the 

degree of commitment in obtaining legal protection and 

licensing of the intellectual property and such other factors 

deemed appropriate. 

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(d) Notwithstanding paragraphs III.B(2)(a) and (b) above, if either 

Party believes that a particular project is likely to lead to or has 

led to the creation of intellectual property not protected by the -

-laws of the other Party, the Parties shall immediately hold 

discussions to detennine the allocation of rights to the 

intellectual property. If an agreement cannot be reached within 

three months of the date of the initiation of the discussions, 

cooperation on the project in question shall be terminated at the 

request of either Party. Creators of intellectual property shall 

nonetheless be entitled to awards, bonuses, and royalties as 

provided in paragraph III.B(2)(a). 

(e) For each invention made under any cooperative activity, the 

Party employing or sponsoring the inventor(s) shall disclose the 

invention promptly to the other Party together with any 

documentation and information necessary to enable the other 

Party to establish any rights to which it may be entitled. Either 

Party may ask the other Party in writing to delay publication or 

public disclosure of such documentation or information for the 

purpose of protecting its rights in the invention. Unless 

otherwise agreed in writing, the delay shall not exceed a period 

of six months from the date of disclosure by the inventing Party 

to the other Party. 

IV. BUSINESS CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION 

In the event that infonnation identified in a timely fashion as businessconfidential is furnished or created under this Agreement, each Party and its 

participants shall protect such infonnation in accordance with applicable laws, 

regulations, and administrative practices. Information may be identified as 

"business-confidential" if a person having the information may derive an economic 

benefit from it or may obtain a competitive advantage over those who do not have 

it, and the infonnation is not generally known or publicly available from other 

sources, and the owner has not previously made the information available without 

imposing in a timely manner an obligation to keep it confidential. 

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ANNEX II 

SECURITY OBLIGATIONS 

I. PROTECTION OF SENSITIVE TECHNOLOGY 

Both Parties agree that no infonnation or equipment requiring protection in 

the interest of national security, defense, or foreign relations and cJassified in 

accordance with its applicable national laws, regulations, or directives shall be 

provided under this Agreement. In the event that information or equipment which 

is known or believed to require such protection is identified by a Party in the 

course of cooperative activities pursuant to this Agreement, it shall be brought 

immediately to the attention of the appropriate officials of the other Party. The 

Parties shall consult to identify and implement appropriate security measures for 

such information and equipment, to be agreed upon by the Parties in writing. The 

Parties shall, if appropriate, amend this Annex to incorporate such security 

measures. 

II. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER 

The transfer of unclassified infonnation or equipment between the Parties 

shall be in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations of the transferring 

Party, including the export control laws of the transferring Party. If either Party 

deems it necessary, detailed provisions for the prevention of unauthorized transfer 

or retransfer of such information or equipment shall be incorporated into the 

contracts or implementing arrangements. Export controlled information and 

equipment shall be marked to identify it as export controlled and shall be 

accompanied by appropriate documentation identifying any restrictions on further 

use or transfer of such infonnation or equipment. 

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