# Patent

## Title
Track lighting system current limiting device

## Abstract

A current limiting system in accordance with the present invention comprises an accessory or canopy mount device that is permanently installed between a source of electrical power 1 and a track lighting system 2. The system may be installed integrally with a track lighting system to supply power to a plurality of lighting tracks from a plurality of power sources or circuits, as desired by a user or lighting designer. The system may also be configured to be compatible with a wide variety of track lighting system power tracks and is difficult to remove once properly installed, thereby making it tamper-proof.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The instant application claims the benefit of and is a continuation of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/056,309 entitled “Track Lighting System Current Limiting Device” filed Feb. 11, 2005.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to a current limiting device and more specifically to a modular, tamper-proof current limiting device for use in track lighting systems.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES
FIG. 1 is schematic diagram in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the system of the present invention in accordance with one embodiment thereof
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the system of the present invention in accordance with one embodiment thereof
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the system of the present invention in accordance with one embodiment thereof
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of the system of the present invention in accordance with one embodiment thereof.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S)
Referring now to the drawing Figures, and in accordance with a preferred constructed embodiment of the present invention, the system of the present invention provides a current limiting device for use integrally with, for example, a track lighting system. The instant invention will permit a user or installer to limit the electrical current that it is possible to supply to a section of lighting track, thereby permitting its use under local electrical or energy conservation code provisions that require lighting track to be limited to a predetermined wattage per linear foot, whether that track is being utilized to supply power to a lamp or not.
The current limiting system of the present invention is an accessory or canopy mount device that is permanently installed between a source of electrical power 1 and a track lighting system 2. Furthermore, the system may be installed integrally with a track lighting system to supply power to a plurality of lighting tracks from a plurality of power sources or circuits, as desired by a user or lighting designer. The system may also be configured to be compatible with a wide variety of track lighting system power tracks and is difficult to remove once properly installed, thereby making it tamper-proof
The present invention may include as a current limiting device a conventional circuit breaker, fuse, current limiting relay, or thermistor, or alternatively a plurality thereof that are installed in apertures in a mounting canopy. This feature of the present invention permits an installer or designer to size the breaker for the amount of track to be powered by the system in order to comply with any applicable code.
As seen in FIGS. 1-5, the system 10 of the present invention comprises at least one current limiting device 20 that includes an input 22 for accepting electrical power from a power source 1, and an output 24 for supplying the electrical power to a track lighting system 40 that may have a plurality of lamps 50 connected thereto. The track lighting system 40 includes a pair of electrical conductors 42 and 44 that carry electrical power to the lamps 50 secured to track rail 46, as is known in the art. Furthermore, the system 10 may include a conventional ballast 60, or a plurality thereof for starting fluorescent or high intensity discharge lamps. While the present specification will refer to a system 10 that operates using 120 VAC single phase electrical power, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the present system may be employed with a wide variety of power distribution systems and circuits, including multi-phase power circuits and DC power circuits.
The current limiting device 20 may comprise a circuit breaker 30 having a reset switch 32 for connecting and disconnecting the power source 1 from the track lighting system 40 as well as resetting the breaker 30 when tripped. The circuit breaker 30 may be selected to trip at a predetermined current level as necessary to protect a predetermined length of track rail 46, or comply with applicable codes. For example, the circuit breaker may be sized to trip when a current level within a predetermined percentage over a maximum limit is reached based on the linear feet of track rail 46 used in a given installation. While the present specification discusses primarily conventional circuit breakers 30 for use as current limiting devices 20, alternatively, a wide variety of current limiting devices 20 may be employed in the present invention, including, but not limited to fuses, current limiting relays, thermistors, solid state CLD's, current limiting diodes, and MOSFET switches.
The present invention further comprises a canopy 70 having at least one aperture 72 located in a side portion 74 thereof, into which a circuit breaker 30 may be secured such that the switch 32 of the circuit breaker may be readily accessed from the exterior of the canopy 70. A plurality of apertures 72 may be included at various locations around the canopy 70 to accommodate a plurality of circuit breakers 30. This feature of the present invention is particularly advantageous when it is necessary to supply a plurality of track lighting systems 40 from a single location, but with different power circuits. For example, FIG. 3 depicts a system 10 in accordance with the present invention that employs two circuit breakers 30 mounted in the canopy 70 for supplying two separate track lighting systems 40 from two separate power circuits.
As best seen in FIGS. 2 and 4, the canopy 70 may include a plurality of knockouts 76 that may be removed in order to secure a conventional electrical conduit to the canopy 70, and through which the power source 1 wiring may be routed. The canopy may also include a plurality of mounting holes 78 therein, that are sized to accept fasteners in order to secure the canopy to a junction box or other surface. In one embodiment of the present invention, the canopy 70 is sized such that it covers a junction box (not shown) into which power wiring is routed, as is known to one of ordinary skill in the art.
The canopy 70 also includes at least one track connector 80 designed to be secured to the track rail 46. The track connector 80 may have a pair of fasteners such as screws 82 and 84 respectively, that accept a hot wire supplied as the output 24 from the current limiting device 20, and a neutral wire from the power source 1. The screws 82 and 84 are electrically connected to the track conductors 42 and 44 respectively, thus supplying electrical power to the track lighting system 40. The canopy 70 may incorporate a plurality of track connectors 80 in order to supply a plurality of lighting tracks 46 with electrical power. A wide variety of known track connectors may be employed with the system 10 of the present invention, including “L”, “X”, “T”, and variable angle connectors.
The track connectors 80 may include an aperture 86 that is designed to accept a fastener 90 to secure track 46 to track connector 80. In one embodiment of the present invention, a one-way screw may be used as fastener 90 such that, once installed, the track 46 and track connector 80 can not be separated without resorting to special tools. Accordingly, this feature of the invention make the system 10 tamper-proof, since it is difficult to disassemble once the one-way screw(s) are inserted. In a yet further embodiment of the present invention, a tamper-proof seal such as an adhesive label or seal may be placed over a conventional fastener 90 in order to both warn of the potential for electrical shock and inhibit unauthorized personnel from altering or disassembling the system 10.
As best seen in FIG. 5, a cover 79 may be provided that is shaped to mate with the canopy 70 and is secured thereto by conventional fasteners. The circuit breaker 30 switch 32 remains accessible to enable the breaker 30 to be reset. Furthermore, the breaker switch 32 may be a lighted switch or include a non-illuminated visual indicator (such as a color) to enable a user to determine whether the breaker 30 itself has tripped, or whether power is not present at the breaker. Furthermore, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the breaker switch 32 may include indicia that are visible after installation informing a user of the maximum electrical load permitted on the track circuit supplied by the breaker 30.
In a yet further embodiment of the present invention, the current limiting device 20 may include a visual electrical load indicator 100 to indicate power or current in a given track circuit. The load indicator 100 may comprise a conventional digital or analog meter, or simply a plurality of light emitting diodes 102 to indicate power or current load. Where diodes 102 are employed, various colors could, for example, be utilized to indicate operation within a predetermined load range. As one example, a green led may be energized when the current limiting device is within a normal range, a yellow led may be energized when the current limiting device is within a predetermined percentage of maximum load, and a red led may be energized when the current limiting device is overloaded or tripped. The visual indicator or LED's are preferably visible through an aperture or apertures in the cover 79. One of ordinary skill will appreciate that a wide variety of circuits may be employed to supply the load indicator 100 and/or diodes with a signal to indicate current or power usage through the current limiting device 20.
The foregoing detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is presented primarily for clearness of understanding and no unnecessary limitations are to be understood or implied therefrom. Modifications to the present invention in its various embodiments will become obvious to those skilled in the art upon reading this disclosure and may be made without departing from scope of the invention encompassed by the claims appended hereto.

## Claims

1. A current limiting system for limiting the electrical current supplied by a source of electrical power to a track lighting circuit comprising:
at least one conditional current limiting device to limit electrical power to said track lighting circuit in an over current situation and otherwise output a received voltage substantially unaltered;
at least one lighting track connector electrically coupled to said at least one current limiting device; and
wherein said lighting track connector is securable to said track lighting circuit.

2. A current limiting system for limiting the electrical current supplied by a source of electrical power to a track lighting circuit as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
a plurality of current limiting devices; and
a plurality of lighting track connectors.

3. A current limiting system for limiting the electrical current supplied by a source of electrical power to a track lighting circuit as claimed in claim 1 wherein said lighting track connector is capable of being secured to a current-carrying lighting track.

4. A current limiting system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said current limiting device comprises a visual load indicator for monitoring the electrical power supplied to said circuit.

5. A current limiting system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said visual load indicator comprises a plurality of light emitting diodes indicative of predetermined amounts of power supplied to said circuit.

6. A current limiting system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said current limiting device is sized to limit electrical current to a predetermined maximum based upon the length of track secured thereto.

7. A current limiting system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said at least one current limiting device comprises a circuit breaker.