Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 50 / Tuesday, March 15, 2011 / Notices 14049 

Tucson, AZ, that meets the definition of 

sacred object and object of cultural 

patrimony under 25 U.S.C. 3001. 

This notice is published as part of the 

National Park Service’s administrative 

responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 

U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in 

this notice are the sole responsibility of 

the museum, institution, or Federal 

agency that has control of the cultural 

items. The National Park Service is not 

responsible for the determinations in 

this notice. 

The cultural item consists of a dance 

kilt and accoutrements, also known as 

jish (Medicine Bundle). The item is 

composed of sections of cloth with 

stitched decorative elements, bird 

feathers, and cloth streamers affixed to 

a loop of cotton string. The item was 

removed circa 1950 by Dr. Gwinn 

Vivian from the floor of an abandoned 

hogan located on private land east of 

Chaco Canyon, in McKinley County, 

NM. Dr. Vivian donated the cultural 

item to the Arizona State Museum in 

1971. 

According to the collector, refuse near 

the hogan indicated occupation during 

the late 1920s or early 1930s. This is 

consistent with the historically 

documented time period of Navajo 

occupation in this area. Consultations 

with representatives of the Navajo 

Nation have identified the object as a 

Navajo jish (Medicine Bundle) used in 

the T5’e ́e ́jı ́ (Night Way Ceremony). This 

ceremony is widely practiced by 

members of the Navajo Nation. 

The Navajo people believe that jish 

are alive and must be treated with 

respect. The primary purpose of the jish 

is to cure people of diseases, mental and 

physical illness, and to restore beauty 

and harmony. Accordingly, no single 

individual can truly own any jish. The 

right to control jish is outlined by 

Navajo traditional laws, which vest this 

responsibility in Hataa5ii (Medicine 

persons). Hataa5ii are not owners of jish, 

but only care, utilize, and bequeath 

them for the Navajo people. 

Officials of the Arizona State Museum 

have determined, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 

3001(3)(C), that the cultural item 

described above is a specific ceremonial 

object needed by traditional Native 

American religious leaders for the 

practice of traditional Native American 

religions by their present-day adherents. 

Officials of the Arizona State Museum 

also have determined, pursuant to 25 

U.S.C. 3001(3)(D), that the cultural item 

described above has ongoing historical, 

traditional, or cultural importance 

central to the Native American group or 

culture itself, rather than property 

owned by an individual. Lastly, officials 

of the Arizona State Museum have 

determined, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 

3001(2), that there is a relationship of 

shared group identity that can be 

reasonably traced between the sacred 

object/object of cultural patrimony and 

the Navajo Nation of Arizona, New 

Mexico and Utah. 

Representatives of any other Indian 

tribe that believes itself to be culturally 

affiliated with the sacred object/object 

of cultural patrimony should contact 

John McClelland, NAGPRA Coordinator, 

Arizona State Museum, University of 

Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, telephone 

(520) 626–2950, before April 14, 2011. 

Repatriation of the sacred object/object 

of cultural patrimony to the Navajo 

Nation of Arizona, New Mexico and 

Utah may proceed after that date if no 

additional claimants come forward. 

The Arizona State Museum is 

responsible for notifying the Navajo 

Nation of Arizona, New Mexico and 

Utah that this notice has been 

published. 

Dated: March 9, 2011. 

Sherry Hutt, 

Manager, National NAGPRA Program. 

[FR Doc. 2011–5882 Filed 3–14–11; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4312–50–P 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

National Park Service 

[2253–665] 

Notice of Intent To Repatriate Cultural 

Items: California State University, 

Sacramento, Sacramento, CA 

AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. 

ACTION: Notice. 

Notice is here given in accordance 

with the Native American Graves 

Protection and Repatriation Act 

(NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3005, of intent to 

repatriate cultural items in the 

possession of California State 

University, Sacramento, Sacramento, 

CA, that meet the definition of 

unassociated funerary objects under 25 

U.S.C. 3001. 

This notice is published as part of the 

National Park Service’s administrative 

responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 

U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in 

this notice are the sole responsibility of 

the museum, institution, or Federal 

agency that has control of the cultural 

items. The National Park Service is not 

responsible for the determinations in 

this notice. 

In a companion Notice of Inventory 

Completion, the Native American 

human remains and associated funerary 

objects removed from Site CA–SAC–16 

are described. 

At an unknown time in the 1930s, 

cultural items were removed from site 

CA–SAC–16 on private property, in 

Sacramento County, CA. In 1951, the 

Zallio Collection, which included these 

objects, was donated to Sacramento 

State College (now California State 

University, Sacramento). The 14 

unassociated funerary objects currently 

in the collection are 13 projectile points 

and 1 stone tool. Five additional 

unassociated funerary objects (one bone 

awl and four projectile points) are 

missing. 

In 1953, cultural items were removed 

from Site CA–SAC–16 on private 

property, in Sacramento County, CA, 

during an excavation project by the 

university. The unassociated funerary 

object is one bead. Three additional 

unassociated funerary objects (one 

baked clay artifact and two beads) are 

missing. 

From 1961 to 1971, cultural items 

were removed during an excavation 

project at Site CA–SAC–16 on private 

property, in Sacramento County, CA. 

The American River College conducted 

the salvage excavation, and the 

collection was later transferred to 

California State University, Sacramento. 

The two unassociated funerary objects 

are one bead and one bag of debitage. 

Twenty-three additional unassociated 

funerary objects (2 bags of baked clay, 

1 bead, 2 bags of carbonized material, 13 

bags of faunal material, 1 piece of jasper, 

1 quartz crystal, 2 unidentified rocks, 

and 1 stone tool) are missing. 

In 1971, cultural items were removed 

during a salvage excavation project at 

Site CA–SAC–16 on private property, in 

Sacramento County, CA, by the 

university. The 510 unassociated 

funerary objects are 11 bags of baked 

clay, 420 beads, 10 bags of carbonized 

material, 11 bags of debitage, 2 

discoidals, 23 bags of faunal material, 3 

bags of fire cracked rocks, 2 bags of 

grave fill, 4 modified faunal bones, 4 

ornaments, 15 projectile points, and 5 

stone tools. Fifty-four additional 

unassociated funerary objects (1 bone 

awl, 30 beads, 1 bone tube, 16 bags of 

faunal material, 1 bag of fire fractured 

rock, 4 projectile points, and 1 stone 

tool) are missing. 

The artifact types and burial practices 

observed at Site CA–SAC–16 indicate 

that it was first occupied during the 

Middle Horizon, and was inhabited into 

the Historic Period. The presence of 

rough disk Olivella beads and glass 

trade beads associated with the Hudson 

Bay fur trappers suggests that some 

burials may date to the 1830s, when an 

epidemic attributed to malaria spread 

among Native populations along the 

Sacramento River. The lack of 


srobinson on DSKHWCL6B1PROD with NOTICES
14050 Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 50 / Tuesday, March 15, 2011 / Notices 

archeological and historical evidence for 

occupation of the site after the epidemic 

provides circumstantial support that the 

site was abandoned at this time. The 

surviving occupants of the site may 

have joined with neighboring groups to 

the south (in the vicinity of 

Sacramento), to the north (Verona), and 

to the east (in the foothills). 

Archeological evidence indicates that 

the lower Sacramento Valley and Delta 

regions were continuously occupied 

since at least the Early Horizon (5550– 

550 B.C.). Cultural changes indicated by 

artifact typologies and burial patterns, 

historical linguistic evidence, and 

biological evidence reveal that the 

populations in the region were not 

static, with both in situ cultural changes 

and migrations of outside populations 

into the area. Linguistic evidence 

suggests that ancestral-Penutian 

speaking groups related to modern day 

Miwok, Nisenan, and Patwin groups 

occupied the region during the Middle 

(550 B.C.–A.D. 1100) and Late (A.D. 

1100—Historic) Horizons, with some 

admixing between these groups and 

Hokan-speaking groups that occupied 

the region at an earlier date. The genetic 

data suggests that the Penutians may 

have arrived later than suggested by the 

linguistic evidence. 

Geographical data from ethnohistoric 

and ethnographic sources indicate that 

the site was most likely occupied by 

Nisenan-speaking groups at the 

beginning of the Historic Period, while 

Patwin-speakers occupied the valley 

west of the Sacramento River and 

Miwok-speakers resided south of the 

American River. Ethnographic data and 

expert testimony from tribal 

representatives support the high level of 

interaction between groups in the lower 

Sacramento Valley and Delta regions 

that crosscut linguistic boundaries. 

Historic population movements resulted 

in an increased level of shifting among 

populations, especially among the 

Miwok and Nisenan, who were 

impacted by disease and Euro-American 

activities relating to Sutter’s Fort and 

later gold-rush activities. 

In summary, officials of California 

State University, Sacramento, together 

with the University’s College of Social 

Sciences and Interdisciplinary Studies 

Committee on Native American Graves 

Protection and Repatriation Act 

Compliance (SSIS NAGPRA 

Committee), reasonably believe that the 

ethnographic, historical, and 

geographical evidence indicates that the 

historic burials and cultural items 

recovered from Site CA–SAC–16 are 

most closely affiliated with 

contemporary descendants of the 

Nisenan, and have more distant ties to 

neighboring groups, such as the Plains 

Miwok. Furthermore, the earlier cultural 

items from the Middle and Late 

Horizons share cultural relations with 

the Nisenan and Plains Miwok based on 

archeological, biological, and historical 

linguistic evidence. 

Officials of California State 

University, Sacramento, have 

determined, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 

3001(3)(B), that the 527 cultural items 

described above are reasonably believed 

to have been placed with or near 

individual human remains at the time of 

death or later as part of the death rite 

or ceremony and are believed, by a 

preponderance of the evidence, to have 

been removed from a specific burial site 

of Native American individuals. 

Officials of California State University, 

Sacramento, have determined, pursuant 

to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), that there is a 

relationship of shared group identity 

that can be reasonably traced between 

the unassociated funerary objects and 

the Buena Vista Rancheria of Me-Wuk 

Indians of California; Ione Band of 

Miwok Indians of California; Shingle 

Springs Band of Miwok Indians, Shingle 

Springs Rancheria (Verona Tract), 

California; United Auburn Indian 

Community of the Auburn Rancheria of 

California; and Wilton Rancheria, 

California, as well as the non-Federally 

recognized Indian groups of the El 

Dorado Miwok Tribe and Nashville-El 

Dorado Miwok. 

Representatives of any other Indian 

tribe that believes itself to be culturally 

affiliated with the unassociated funerary 

objects should contact Charles Gossett, 

Dean of the College of Social Sciences 

and Interdisciplinary Studies, CSUS, 

6000 J St., Sacramento, CA 95819–6109, 

telephone: (916) 278–6504, before April 

14, 2011. Repatriation of the 

unassociated funerary objects to the 

Buena Vista Rancheria of Me-Wuk 

Indians of California; Ione Band of 

Miwok Indians of California; Shingle 

Springs Band of Miwok Indians, Shingle 

Springs Rancheria (Verona Tract), 

California; United Auburn Indian 

Community of the Auburn Rancheria of 

California; and Wilton Rancheria, 

California, may proceed after that date 

if no additional claimants come 

forward. 

California State University, 

Sacramento, is responsible for notifying 

the Buena Vista Rancheria of Me-Wuk 

Indians of California; Cortina Indian 

Rancheria of Wintun Indians of 

California; Ione Band of Miwok Indians 

of California; Shingle Springs Band of 

Miwok Indians, Shingle Springs 

Rancheria (Verona Tract), California; 

United Auburn Indian Community of 

the Auburn Rancheria of California; 

Wilton Rancheria, California; and Yocha 

Dehe Wintun Nation, California, as well 

as the non-Federally recognized Indian 

groups of the El Dorado Miwok Tribe 

and Nashville-El Dorado Miwok that 

this notice has been published. 

Dated: March 9, 2011. 

Sherry Hutt, 

Manager, National NAGPRA Program. 

[FR Doc. 2011–5855 Filed 3–14–11; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4312–50–P 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

National Park Service 

[2253–65] 

Notice of Intent To Repatriate a 

Cultural Item: U.S. Department of the 

Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, 

Washington, DC and Arizona State 

Museum, University of Arizona, 

Tucson, AZ 

AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. 

ACTION: Notice. 

Notice is here given in accordance 

with the Native American Graves 

Protection and Repatriation Act 

(NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3005, of the intent 

to repatriate a cultural item in the 

control of the U.S. Department of the 

Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, 

Washington, DC, and in the physical 

custody of the Arizona State Museum, 

University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, that 

meets the definition of sacred object and 

object of cultural patrimony under 25 

U.S.C. 3001. 

This notice is published as part of the 

National Park Service’s administrative 

responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 

U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in 

this notice are the sole responsibility of 

the museum, institution, or Federal 

agency that has control of the cultural 

item. The National Park Service is not 

responsible for the determinations in 

this notice. 

The cultural item is a medicine 

bundle, consisting of a sack made from 

the hide of a small mammal, which 

contains a necklace composed of large 

animal claws and shells, one separate 

large animal claw, two crystals wrapped 

in fiber, two shell pendants and one 

bead on a string, one projectile point, 

one stone disk, one shell disk, one hide 

bundle containing a reddish-orange 

mineral, two tied bundles with 

undetermined contents, and two empty 

hide bundles. In 1931, the item was 

recovered at Broken Flute Cave, AZ 

E:8:1(ASM), located on the Navajo 

Indian Reservation, in Apache County, 

AZ, during excavations conducted by 


srobinson on DSKHWCL6B1PROD with NOTICES