Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 50 / Tuesday, March 15, 2011 / Notices 14067 

Reservation, New Mexico, in their 

reburial on tribal land. 

Officials of the Bureau of Indian 

Affairs and Arizona State Museum have 

determined, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 

3001(9), that the human remains 

described above represent the physical 

remains of 241 individuals of Native 

American ancestry. Officials of the 

Bureau of Indian Affairs and Arizona 

State Museum also have determined, 

pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(A), that 

the 74 objects described above are 

reasonably believed to have been placed 

with or near individual human remains 

at the time of death or later as part of 

the death rite or ceremony. Lastly, 

officials of the Bureau of Indian Affairs 

and Arizona State Museum have 

determined, pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 

3001(2), that there is a relationship of 

shared group identity that can be 

reasonably traced between the Native 

American human remains and 

associated funerary objects and the Hopi 

Tribe of Arizona and Zuni Tribe of the 

Zuni Reservation, New Mexico. 

Representatives of any other Indian 

tribe that believes itself to be culturally 

affiliated with the human remains and 

associated funerary objects should 

contact John McClelland, NAGPRA 

Coordinator, Arizona State Museum, 

University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 

85721, telephone (520) 626–2950, before 

April 14, 2011. Repatriation of the 

human remains and associated funerary 

objects to the Hopi Tribe of Arizona and 

Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation, New 

Mexico, may proceed after that date if 

no additional claimants come forward. 

The Arizona State Museum is 

responsible for notifying The Tribes that 

this notice has been published. 

Dated: March 9, 2011. 

Sherry Hutt, 

Manager, National NAGPRA Program. 

[FR Doc. 2011–5888 Filed 3–14–11; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4312–50–P 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

National Park Service 

[2253–665] 

Notice of Inventory Completion: 

University of Massachusetts, 

Department of Anthropology, Amherst, 

MA and Nantucket Historical 

Association, Nantucket, MA 

AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. 

ACTION: Notice. 

Notice is here given in accordance 

with the Native American Graves 

Protection and Repatriation Act 

(NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3003, of the 

completion of an inventory of human 

remains and associated funerary object 

in the possession of the University of 

Massachusetts, Department of 

Anthropology, Amherst, MA, and the 

Nantucket Historical Association, 

Nantucket, MA. The human remains 

and associated funerary object were 

removed from the Marshall Site, 

Nantucket County, MA. 

This notice is published as part of the 

National Park Service’s administrative 

responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 

U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in 

this notice are the sole responsibility of 

the museum, institution, or Federal 

agency that has control of the Native 

American human remains and 

associated funerary object. The National 

Park Service is not responsible for the 

determinations in this notice. 

A detailed assessment of the human 

remains was made by University of 

Massachusetts, Department of 

Anthropology, professional staff in 

consultation with representatives of the 

Wampanoag Repatriation Confederation, 

representing the Mashpee Wampanoag 

Tribe, Massachusetts; Wampanoag Tribe 

of Gay Head (Aquinnah) of 

Massachusetts; and the Assonet Band of 

the Wampanoag Nation, Massachusetts, 

a non-Federally recognized Indian 

group. 

In 1966, human remains representing 

a minimum of three individuals were 

removed from the Marshall Site, 

Nantucket, Nantucket County, MA, 

during an archeological field school 

conducted by Professor William 

Harrison of the University of 

Massachusetts. It is believed that the 

two grave shafts were originally one 

multiple interment that was disturbed 

by the repeated digging of shallow fire 

pits. No known individuals were 

identified. The one associated funerary 

object is a pottery vessel. In 1989, the 

vessel was transferred to the Nantucket 

Historical Association for permanent 

curation and is no longer in the control 

of the University of Massachusetts, 

Department of Anthropology, instead it 

is in the control of the Nantucket 

Historical Association. 

Based on excavation records, 

condition of the human remains, the 

associated funerary object and burial 

methods, the individuals have been 

identified as Native American. Material 

culture and site features indicate that 

the Marshall Site was utilized for shortterm, sporadic occupations from the late 

Archaic/early Woodland period into the 

19th century. The human remains most 

likely date to the late Woodland Period 

or later (post-A.D. 1000). 

Ethnohistoric documents, including 

European colonial maps, missionary 

accounts and Wampanoag oral history, 

indicate that the Wampanoag people 

and their allies, through marriage and 

war pacts (e.g. 1675 King Phillip’s War), 

were occupants of Massachusetts and 

Rhode Island at the time of contact and 

European colonization. Wampanoag oral 

history indicates a maintained, longterm occupation of the region to which 

can be traced a common ancestry to a 

‘‘first Mother,’’ predating the 

colonization of the area including the 

Marshall Site. The present-day Indian 

tribes and group that are most closely 

affiliated with members of the 

Wampanoag Nation are the Mashpee 

Wampanoag Tribe, Massachusetts; 

Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head 

(Aquinnah) of Massachusetts; and the 

Assonet Band of the Wampanoag 

Nation, Massachusetts, a non-Federally 

recognized Indian group. 

Officials of the University of 

Massachusetts, Department of 

Anthropology, have determined, 

pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(9), that the 

human remains described above 

represent the physical remains of three 

individuals of Native American 

ancestry. Officials of the University of 

Massachusetts, Department of 

Anthropology, and Nantucket Historical 

Association also have determined, 

pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(A), that 

the one object described above is 

reasonably believed to have been placed 

with or near individual human remains 

at the time of death or later as part of 

the death rite or ceremony. Lastly, 

officials of the University of 

Massachusetts, Department of 

Anthropology, and Nantucket Historical 

Association have determined, pursuant 

to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), that there is a 

relationship of shared group identity 

that can be reasonably traced between 

the Native American human remains 

and the associated funerary object and 

the Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe, 

Massachusetts; Wampanoag Tribe of 

Gay Head (Aquinnah) of Massachusetts; 

and the Assonet Band of the 

Wampanoag Nation, Massachusetts, a 

non-Federally recognized Indian group. 

Representatives of any other Indian 

tribe that believes itself to be culturally 

affiliated with the human remains 

should contact either Robert Paynter, 

Repatriation Committee Chair, 

telephone (413) 545–2221, or Rae 

Gould, Repatriation Coordinator, 

telephone (413) 545–2702, University of 

Massachusetts, Department of 

Anthropology, 201 Machmer Hall, 240 

Hicks Way, Amherst, MA 01003, and 

any representatives of any other Indian 

tribe that believes itself to be culturally 


srobinson on DSKHWCL6B1PROD with NOTICES
14068 Federal Register / Vol. 76, No. 50 / Tuesday, March 15, 2011 / Notices 

affiliated with the associated funerary 

object should contact Ben Simons, Chief 

Curator, Nantucket Historical 

Association, P.O. Box 1016, Nantucket, 

MA 02554, telephone (508) 228–1894, 

ext. 303, before April 14, 2011. 

Repatriation of the human remains and 

associated funerary object to the 

Wampanoag Repatriation Confederation 

on behalf of the Mashpee Wampanoag 

Tribe, Massachusetts; Wampanoag Tribe 

of Gay Head (Aquinnah) of 

Massachusetts; and the Assonet Band of 

the Wampanoag Nation, Massachusetts, 

a non-Federally recognized Indian 

group, may proceed after that date if no 

additional claimants come forward. 

The University of Massachusetts, 

Department of Anthropology, and 

Nantucket Historical Association are 

responsible for notifying the Mashpee 

Wampanoag Tribe, Massachusetts; 

Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head 

(Aquinnah) of Massachusetts; and 

Assonet Band of the Wampanoag 

Nation, Massachusetts, a non-Federally 

recognized Indian group, that this notice 

has been published. 

Dated: March 9, 2011. 

Sherry Hutt, 

Manager, National NAGPRA Program. 

[FR Doc. 2011–5887 Filed 3–14–11; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4312–50–P 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

National Park Service 

[2253–665] 

Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. 

Department of Agriculture, Forest 

Service, Sequoia National Forest, 

Porterville, CA 

AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. 

ACTION: Notice. 

Notice is here given in accordance 

with the Native American Graves 

Protection and Repatriation Act 

(NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3003, of the 

completion of an inventory of human 

remains and associated funerary objects 

in the possession and control of the U.S. 

Department of Agriculture, Forest 

Service, Sequoia National Forest, 

Porterville, CA. The human remains and 

associated funerary objects were 

removed from Kern County, CA. 

This notice is published as part of the 

National Park Service’s administrative 

responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 

U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in 

this notice are the sole responsibility of 

the museum, institution, or Federal 

agency that has control of the Native 

American human remains and 

associated funerary objects. The 

National Park Service is not responsible 

for the determinations in this notice. 

A detailed assessment of the human 

remains was made by Sequoia National 

Forest professional staff in consultation 

with representatives of the Santa Rosa 

Indian Community of the Santa Rosa 

Rancheria, California (Tachi Yokut 

Tribe), and the Tule River Indian Tribe 

of the Tule River Reservation, 

California. 

In 1948, human remains representing 

a minimum of three individuals were 

removed from CA–KER–14, in Kern 

County, CA, by two archeologists 

conducting river basin surveys for the 

Smithsonian Institute. The two sets of 

human remains and a single tooth from 

a third individual and their associated 

artifacts were transferred to the Phoebe 

Hearst Museum of Anthropology, 

University of California at Berkeley, 

Berkeley, CA, for research and storage. 

While conducting NAGPRA inventories 

for the Sequoia National Forest, it was 

discovered that the CA–KER–14 

collection was still in storage at the 

Phoebe Hearst Museum and it was 

subsequently transferred to the Sequoia 

National Forest. Examination of the 

remains by Phoebe Hearst Museum staff 

indicated that one set of human remains 

was from an adult male between 35 and 

50 years of age. The second set of 

human remains was from a female 

between 21 and 25 years of age. The 

single tooth from a third individual was 

of indeterminate age and sex. No known 

individuals were identified. The 23 

associated funerary objects are 4 

obsidian points, 1 olivella shell bead, 1 

lot of abalone shell fragments, 1 scraper 

manufactured from a historic brown 

glass whiskey bottle, 1 bone sewing awl 

(non-human bone), 1 scapula bone tool 

scraper (non-human bone), 4 obsidian 

scrapers, 1 quartzite scraper, 1 green 

chert point, 2 pottery sherds, 1 steatite 

bead, 1 chopper, 1 thin chalcedony 

knife base with hafting adhesive 

attached, 1 large obsidian bifacial knife, 

1 steatite bowl fragment, and 1 large 

grinding metate. 

The presence of a flaked scraper made 

from a historic brown whiskey bottle 

would suggest a proto-historic or 

historic age for the remains. Tubatulabal 

occupation for this time frame in the 

vicinity of CA–KER–14 is well 

documented through tribal oral tradition 

and formal ethnographic study. 

Ethnographic data places the CA– 

KER–14 site close to the village hamlets 

of the Tubatulabal (Voegelin 1938). The 

habitation sites of the Tubatulabal once 

spanned the drainage area of the Kern 

and South Fork Kern rivers from near 

Mount Whitney to just below the 

junction of the two rivers in Kern 

County, CA. Three discrete bands, the 

Pahkanapil (living along the South Fork 

Kern riverbanks), the Palagewan 

(situated in the Kern River valley) and 

the Bankalachi (living a few miles west 

of the Palagewan in Yokut territory) 

compose the Tubatulabal (Smith 1978). 

Burial customs based on ethnographic 

data illustrated that the dead were 

buried in shallow graves approximately 

1⁄8 mile from the living quarters on 

rocky hillsides under shelving rocks 

(Voegelin 1938). Geographic proximity 

of CA–KER–14 to the various village 

hamlets noted in Voegelin’s work, and 

the archeological evidence that this 

burial site was located in a rock shelter 

and close to another extensively used 

site, indicates the strong possibility of a 

settlement correlation. 

Historical documentation, based on 

early European travel accounts, tell of 

contact between the Tubatulabal and 

Francisco Garces when Garces 

journeyed to the lower reaches of the 

Kern Valley in 1776 (Smith 1978). 

Contacts with the Euro-Americans 

expanded in the form of trading trips 

when the native people would travel to 

the coast to trade with the coastal tribes 

and came into contact with the 

Spaniards at the missions. Between 

1850 and 1858, white settlers moved 

into the Kern Valley to seek gold and 

established mining camps and towns, 

and when the gold rush ended, ranching 

became the next wave of economic 

development. With the intrusion into 

the Tubatulabal territory by white 

settlers, some of the Pahkanapil moved 

from the Hot Springs Valley to the 

eastern end of the South Fork Kern 

Valley (Smith 1978). In 1863, a group of 

about 40 Tubatulabal men were 

massacred by American soldiers 

following white ranchers’ complaints 

that their cows were being stolen by the 

local tribe (Smith 1978). By 1875, most 

of the Tubatulabal men worked for 

white ranchers, and by 1893, the 

surviving Palagewan and Pahkanapil 

bands were allotted land in the Kern 

and South Fork Kern Valleys 

(Theodoratus 2009). From 1900 to 1972, 

many Tubatulabal moved to adjacent 

tribes. Adjacent tribes with cultural 

affiliation to these remains include the 

Tule River Indian Reservation 

(established in 1873), north of the Kern 

Valley region; the Paiute-Shoshone 

Indians of the Bishop Community of the 

Bishop Colony (Bishop Tribe), east of 

the Kern Valley Region; and the Santa 

Rosa Indian Community of the Santa 

Rosa Rancheria, California (Tachi Yokut 

Tribe), west of the Kern Valley (Smith 

1978). 


srobinson on DSKHWCL6B1PROD with NOTICES