59–010 

Calendar No. 175 

110TH CONGRESS REPORT " ! SENATE 1st Session 110–73 

COPS IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 2007 

MAY 24, 2007.—Ordered to be printed 

Mr. LEAHY, from the Committee on Judiciary, 

submitted the following 

R E P O R T 

[To accompany S. 368] 

The Committee on the Judiciary, to which was referred the bill 

(S. 368) to amend the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act 

of 1968 to enhance the COPS ON THE BEAT grant program, and 

for other purposes, reports favorably thereon without amendment 

and recommends that the bill do pass. 

CONTENTS 

Page 

I. Purpose of the COPS Improvement Act of 2007 ......................................... 1 

II. History of the Bill and Committee Consideration ....................................... 3 

III. Section-by-Section Summary of the Bill ...................................................... 3 

IV. Cost Estimate ................................................................................................. 5 

V. Regulatory Impact Evaluation ...................................................................... 7 

VI. Conclusion ...................................................................................................... 7 

VII. Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill as Reported ............................ 7 

I. PURPOSE OF THE COPS IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 2007 

The COPS Improvement Act of 2007 reauthorizes and makes 

critical improvements to the Department of Justice’s community 

policing program. Created after passage of the 1994 Crime Bill, the 

Office of Community Oriented Policing Services has funded over 

118,000 community police officers in over 12,900 law enforcement 

agencies around the nation. Many law enforcement experts and 

criminologists have credited this program as an important factor in 

driving down crime rates in the 1990s. In addition to anecdotal evidence from Chiefs of Police and Sheriffs around the nation, Attorney General Ashcroft testified that the COPS program was a ‘‘miraculous success.’’ Numerous statistical studies have also concluded 


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that the COPS program is effective in reducing crime. These studies include: • In July 2004, criminologists from the University of Nebraska 

and Texas State University released a comprehensive report concluding that ‘‘COPS hiring and innovative grant programs are related to significant reductions in local crime rates in cities with 

population greater than 10,000 for both violent and non-violent offenses.’’ • On June 3, 2005, the Government Accountability Office released a report that found that ‘‘using COPS hiring grants as a statistical link between the change in the numbers of sworn officers 

and the change in crime, we estimated that COPS-funded increases 

in sworn officers per capita were associated with declines in the 

rates of total index crimes, violent crime and property crimes * * * 

These effects held after we controlled for the effects of other federal 

law enforcement grant program expenditures by agencies, local 

socio-economic and demographic changes that could affect crime, 

and state level factors—such as increases in incarceration, changes 

in sentencing practice, and state-level changes in other programs 

such as welfare—that could also effect crime.’’ • In March 2007, the Brookings Institute released Policy Brief # 

158, entitled, ‘‘MORE COPS’’ concluding that: 

The COPS program contributed to the drop in crime observed in the 1990s, and it appears that COPS is one of the 

most cost effective options for fighting crime; Each $1.4 billion invested in the COPS program is likely to generate a benefit to society from $6 billion to $12 billion. 

The COPS Office was reauthorized as part of the Department of 

Justice reauthorization in the 109th Congress. Regrettably, in 

order to be reauthorized, the COPS program was forced to combine 

and collapse all of its purposes together and undercut its original 

intent. The successful cornerstone of COPS has been the hiring 

program, but funding for hiring local officers was eliminated in the 

reauthorization. The COPS Improvement Act of 2007 restores the 

Federal Government’s commitment to helping local law enforcement hire officers. It reestablishes the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services as a distinct office within the Department 

of Justice and prioritizes hiring for three specific purposes—general 

community policing, local counter-terrorism officers, and school resource officers. The bill also reauthorizes funds for technology 

grants and community prosecutors, and makes critical improvements to ensure efficient grant management and to eliminate 

waste. 

Specifically, the legislation will authorize $1.15 billion per year 

for: 

• Police Hiring Grants—The legislation authorizes $600 million 

per year for local agencies to hire officers to engage in general community policing efforts, counter-terrorism and intelligence gathering efforts, and school resource officers to combat school violence, 

depending on the needs of the applicant community. These resources can also be used to help communities retain officers, pay 

overtime costs, and reimburse officers for training costs. 

• Law Enforcement Technology Grants—The legislation authorizes $350 million per year for police departments to acquire new 

technology and equipment for uses such as analyzing real-time 


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crime data and incident reports to anticipate trends in crime, mapping crime ‘‘hot spots,’’ examining DNA evidence, or purchasing 

cameras for squad cars to keep records of police encounters. 

• Community Prosecutor Grants—The legislation authorizes 

$200 million per year to help local district attorneys hire community prosecutors trained to work in and around neighborhoods to 

prevent crime, build relationships in the community, and use the 

authority of the prosecutor’s office to improve the quality of life in 

the area. 

As crime rates have started to rise again, and as the FBI reprograms field agents from crime to terrorism, the COPS Improvement 

Act will help ensure that state and local law enforcement have the 

personnel and equipment to combat and respond to crime and terrorism. 

II. HISTORY OF THE BILL AND COMMITTEE CONSIDERATION

Senator Biden introduced the bipartisan COPS Improvement Act 

on January 28, 2007. The legislation has 35 cosponsors including 

Judiciary Chairman Leahy and Ranking Member Specter. Other 

cosponsors include Senators Baucus, Boxer, Brown, Byrd, Cantwell, 

Cardin, Clinton, Dodd, Durbin, Feinstein, Harkin, Kennedy, Kerry, 

Klobuchar, Kohl, Landrieu, Lautenberg, Levin, Lieberman, 

McCaskill, Menendez, Mikulski, Murray, Nelson, Obama, Reed, 

Reid, Rockefeller, Salazar, Sanders, Schumer, Smith, and 

Stabenow. 

The Fraternal Order of Police, the National Association of Police 

Organizations, the National Sheriffs Association, the International 

Association of Chiefs of Police, the Major Cities Chiefs, and the 

International Union of Police Associations have endorsed this legislation. 

The bill was listed on the Judiciary Committee agenda on March 

1, 2007, and was considered by the Committee on March 14, 2007, 

at which time the Committee agreed to report it favorably. 

III. SECTION-BY-SECTION SUMMARY OF THE BILL

Section 1. Short title 

This section entitles the bill as the ‘‘COPS Improvements Act of 

2007.’’

Section 2. COPS grant improvements 

(a)(1) Amendments to COPS Programs.—This section modifies 

provisions of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 

1968 (‘‘the Act’’) regarding public safety and community policing to 

authorize the Attorney General to carry out grant programs and 

ensure individuals are included among the entities eligible for 

funding. 

(a)(2) Community Policing and Crime Prevention Grants.—This 

section establishes hiring grants, for community policing officers, 

anti-terror officers and school resource officers, as well as other 

public safety grants that may be awarded. It establishes a new program to establish and implement innovative programs to reduce 

and prevent illegal drug manufacturing, distribution, and use, including of methamphetamine. 


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(a)(3) This section eliminates the preferential treatment of certain grants where the non-federal contribution exceeds the 25 percent minimum under hiring grants. 

(a)(4) and (5) These sections redesignate subsections. 

(a)(6) This section reauthorizes the ‘‘Troops-to-COPS’’ program. 

This program awards grants to hire former members of the Armed 

Forces as career law enforcement officers. (This program was initially authorized in the 1994 Crime Act, but was eliminated in the 

2005 Violence Against Women Act Authorization.) 

This section also authorizes a ‘‘Community Prosecutors Program’’ to pay for additional community prosecuting programs, including 

programs that assign prosecutors to (1) handle cases from specific 

geographic areas; and (2) address counter-terror problems, specific 

violent crime problems, and localized violent and other crime problems. 

This section also authorizes a ‘‘Technology Grants’’ program. This 

program will award grants to develop and use new technologies, including interoperable communications technologies, modernized 

criminal record technologies, and forensic technologies, to assist 

State and local law enforcement agencies in reorienting the emphasis of their activities from reacting to crime to preventing crime 

and to train law enforcement officers to use such technologies. 

(a)(7) This section clarifies and expands the entities that may receive technical assistance or model technical assistance. It also 

identifies ‘‘regional community policing institutes’’ as those entities 

that may be established and operated, and makes the COPS Office 

the exclusive entity to perform the functions in this section. 

(a)(8) The section delineates that the COPS Office is the entity 

of the Department of Justice to carry out the programs in the bill. 

(a)(9) This section clarifies that the minimum amounts available 

to grantees in States apply to the rehiring or hiring of law enforcement officers deployed in community policing. 

(a)(10) This section eliminates the requirement that the federal 

share of hiring grants decrease during the course of the grant. 

(a)(11) This section clarifies the requirement that officer positions shall be retained for 12 months after the end of the grant period. 

(b) Applications.—This section modifies provisions of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 regarding applications. 

(b)(1) This section gives the Attorney General the authority to 

waive the application requirements delineated in this section. It 

also eliminates the requirement that applications include a plan for 

progressively increasing non-federal payments. 

(b)(2) This section strikes the SPECIAL PROVISIONS sections. 

Eliminated is the section providing special application provisions 

for jurisdictions with populations under 50,000. It also eliminates 

the section providing special provisions for applications for small 

grant amounts (grants under $1,000,000.) 

(c) Renewal of Grants.—this section clarifies that grants may be 

renewed, without limitations on their duration to provide additional funds, and eliminates the duration to which they may be renewed. It also establishes the definition for ‘‘No Cost Extensions’’

of grants, to provide more time to complete the objectives of the 

award. 


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(d) Limitations on Use of Funds.—

(d)(1) This section clarifies the ‘‘non supplanting requirement’’ to 

provide that the Attorney General has the authority to determine 

when supplanting has occurred. 

(d)(2) This section eliminates the $75,000 cap for hiring officers. 

(e) Enforcement Actions.—

(e)(1) This section renames the title of the section ‘‘Enforcement 

Actions’’ from ‘‘Revocation or Suspension of Funding.’’ This section 

also allows the Attorney General to take any enforcement actions 

available to the Department of Justice. 

(f) Definitions.—

(f)(1) This section amends the definition of a ‘‘career law enforcement officer’’ to include the requirement that the officer be a 

‘‘sworn law enforcement officer.’’

(f)(2) This section clarifies that officers for the Amtrak Police Department are included in the definition of ‘‘career law enforcement 

officer.’’

(g) Authorization of Appropriations—This section authorizes 

$1.150 billion for the programs under this part. It amends the 

amount available for training and technical assistance to be 5%, 

not 3%. It delineates the amounts available for hiring officers 

($600M), hiring prosecutors ($200M) and technology grants 

($350M). Finally, this section eliminates the amounts of grant 

funds dedicated to applicants from populations greater than 

150,000, and those applications from jurisdictions with populations 

less than 150,000. 

(h) Purposes.—

(h)(1) This section clarifies that the purpose of the technology 

grants is to encourage the ‘‘use’’ of new technologies. 

(h)(2) This section eliminates the previous 6 year authorization 

of hiring grants. 

(i) COPS Program Improvements.—

(i)(1) This section removes COPS from the list of agencies that 

are required to participate in the Office of Audit, Assessment, and 

Management and the Community Capacity and Development Office 

established by the Violence Against Women Act Authorization of 

2005. This will clarify that the COPS Office will administer its own 

monitoring and training and technical assistance for its unique 

grants and grantees. 

(i)(2) This section states that the new Office of Law Enforcement 

Technology established by the Violence Against Women Act Authorization of 2005 shall not apply to COPS grants. 

IV. COST ESTIMATE

MARCH 21, 2007. 

Hon. PATRICK J. LEAHY, Chairman, Committee on the Judiciary, 

U.S. Senate, Washington, DC. 

DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: The Congressional Budget Office has prepared the enclosed cost estimate for S. 368, the COPS Improvements Act of 2007. 


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If you wish further details on this estimate, we will be pleased 

to provide them. The CBO staff contact is Mark Grabowicz. 

Sincerely, 

PETER R. ORSZAG. 

Enclosure. 

S. 368—COPS Improvements Act of 2007 

Summary: S. 368 would make many changes to the laws relating 

to the distribution and permitted uses of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) grants and would increase the authorization 

level for this program from $1.047 billion annually to $1.15 billion 

annually through fiscal year 2009. CBO estimates that implementing S. 368 would cost $190 million over the 2007–2012 period, 

assuming appropriation of the authorized amounts. Enacting the 

bill would not affect direct spending or receipts. 

S. 368 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector mandates 

as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) and 

would impose no costs on state, local, or tribal governments. 

Estimated cost to the Federal Government: The estimated budgetary impact of S. 368 is shown in the following table. For this estimate, CBO assumes that the authorized amounts will be appropriated by the beginning of each fiscal year and that outlays will 

follow the historical spending rates for these activities. We also assume that there will be no additional appropriations enacted for 

fiscal year 2007 for the COPS program. The cost of this legislation 

falls within budget function 750 (administration of justice). 

By fiscal year, in millions of dollars— 

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 

SPENDING SUBJECT TO APPROPRIATION 

Spending Under Current Law: 

Budget Authority/Authorization Level /1/ ................. 542 1,047 1,047 0 0 0 

Estimated Outlays ................................................... 749 644 717 721 553 366 

Proposed Changes: 

Authorization Level .................................................. 0 103 103 0 0 0 

Estimated Outlays ................................................... 0 12 41 55 46 36 

Spending Under S. 368: 

Budget Authority/Authorization Level ...................... 542 1,150 1,150 0 0 0 

Estimated Outlays ................................................... 749 656 758 776 599 402 

/1/ The 2007 level is the amount appropriated for that year for COPS grants. The levels shown for 2008 and 2009 are the amounts author- ized by current law. 

Intergovernmental and private-sector impact: S. 368 contains no 

intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in UMRA 

and would impose no costs on state, local, or tribal governments. 

It would make several changes to a program for those governments 

to buy equipment, use law enforcement technology, and hire more 

police officers. It would also increase the authorization level for fiscal years 2008 and 2009. Assuming the appropriation of authorized 

amounts, those governments would receive additional funding of 

nearly $200 million over the 2008–2012 period. Any costs to those 

governments would be incurred voluntarily as a condition of receiving federal assistance. 

Estimate prepared by: Federal costs: Mark Grabowicz; impact on 

state, local, and tribal governments: Melissa Merrell; impact on the 

private sector: Amy Petz. 


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Estimate approved by: Peter H. Fontaine, Deputy Assistant Director for Budget Analysis. 

V. REGULATORY IMPACT EVALUATION

In compliance with rule XXVI of the Standing Rules of the Senate, the Committee finds that no significant regulatory impact will 

result from the enactment of S. 368. 

VI. CONCLUSION

The COPS Improvement Act of 2007 will restore Congress’s commitment to State and local law enforcement by reaffirming the cornerstone of the COPS program—federal assistance for hiring, training, and equipping local officers. In addition, the COPS Improvement Act of 2007 will capitalize on the strong relationships the 

COPS Office has built with State and local law enforcement by reestablishing the COPS Office as the entity within the Department 

of Justice to conduct the activities authorized in this act. The bill 

will also make critical improvements to ensure efficient grant management and eliminate waste. 

VII. CHANGES IN EXISTING LAW MADE BY THE BILL AS REPORTED

In compliance with paragraph 12 of rule XXVI of the Standing 

Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by the bill, as 

reported, are shown as follows (existing law proposed to be omitted 

is enclosed in black brackets, new matter is printed in italic, existing law in which no change is proposed is shown in roman): 

TITLE I—PUBLIC SAFETY AND POLICING 

SEC. 10001. SHORT TITLE. 

This title may be cited as the ‘‘Public Safety Partnership and 

Community Policing Act of 1994’’. 

SEC. 10002. PURPOSES. 

The purposes of this title are to—

(1) substantially increase the number of law enforcement officers interacting directly with members of the community 

(‘‘cops on the beat’’); 

(2) provide additional and more effective training to law enforcement officers to enhance their problem solving, service, 

and other skills needed in interacting with members of the 

community; 

(3) encourage the development and implementation of innovative programs to permit members of the community to assist 

State, Indian tribal government, and local law enforcement 

agencies in the prevention of crime in the community; and 

(4) encourage the ødevelopment¿ use of new technologies to 

assist State, Indian tribal government, and local law enforcement agencies in reorienting the emphasis of their activities 

from reacting to crime to preventing crime, 

by establishing a program of grants and assistance in furtherance of these objectives, including the authorization for øa period 

of 6 years of¿ grants for the hiring and rehiring of additional career 

law enforcement officers. 


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SEC. 10003. COMMUNITY POLICING; ‘‘COPS ON THE BEAT’’. 

(a) IN GENERAL.—Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 

Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.) is amended— (1) by redesignating part Q as part R; 

(2) by redesignating section 1701 as section 1801; and 

(3) by inserting after part P the following new part: 

‘‘PART Q—PUBLIC SAFETY AND COMMUNITY POLICING; ‘COPS ON THE BEAT’

‘‘SEC. 1701. AUTHORITY TO MAKE PUBLIC SAFETY AND COMMUNITY 

POLICING GRANTS. 

‘‘(a) GRANT AUTHORIZATION.—The Attorney General shall carry 

out øa single¿ grant programs under which the Attorney General 

makes grants to States, units of local government, Indian tribal 

governments, other public and private entities, øand¿ multi-jurisdictional or regional consortia, and individuals for the purposes described in subsection (b). ‘‘(b) øUSES OF GRANT AMOUNTS.¿ COMMUNITY POLICING AND

CRIME PREVENTION GRANTS.—The purposes for which grants made 

under subsection (a) may be made are— ‘‘(1) rehire law enforcement officers who have been laid off as 

a result of State and local budget reductions for deployment in 

community-oriented policing; ‘‘(2) hire and train new, additional career law enforcement 

officers for deployment in community-oriented policing across 

the Nation; ‘‘(3) procure equipment, technology, or support systems, or 

pay overtimeø, to increase the number of officers deployed in 

community-oriented policing¿; ‘‘(4) award grants to pay for or train officers hired to perform 

intelligence, anti-terror or homeland security duties; ‘‘(5) award grants to hire school resource officers and to establish school-based partnerships between local law enforcement 

agencies and local school systems to combat crime, gangs, drug 

activities, and other problems in and around elementary and 

secondary schools; 

(6) increase the number of law enforcement officers involved 

in activities that are focused on interaction with members of 

the community on proactive crime control and prevention by 

redeploying officers to such activities; 

‘‘(7) provide specialized training to law enforcement officers 

to enhance their conflict resolution, mediation, problem solving, service, and other skills needed to work in partnership 

with members of the community; 

‘‘(8) increase police participation in multidisciplinary early 

intervention teams; 

ø‘‘(9) develop new technologies, including interoperable communications technologies, modernized criminal record technology, and forensic technology, to assist State and local law 

enforcement agencies in reorienting the emphasis of their activities from reacting to crime to preventing crime and to train 

law enforcement officers to use such technologies;¿ 

‘‘(9 ø10¿) develop and implement innovative programs to permit members of the community to assist State and local law 

enforcement agencies in the prevention of crime in the commuVerDate Aug 31 2005 04:37 May 27, 2007 Jkt 059010 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\SR073.XXX SR073

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nity, such as a citizens’ police academy, including programs designed to increase the level of access to the criminal justice 

system enjoyed by victims, witnesses, and ordinary citizens by 

establishing decentralized satellite offices (including video facilities) of principal criminal courts buildings; ‘‘(10 ø11¿) establish innovative programs to reduce, and keep 

to a minimum, the amount of time that law enforcement officers must be away from the community while awaiting court 

appearances; ‘‘(11 ø12¿) establish and implement innovative programs to 

increase and enhance proactive crime control and prevention 

programs involving law enforcement officers and young persons 

in the community; ‘‘ø(13) establish school-based partnerships between local law 

enforcement agencies and local school systems by using school 

resource officers who operate in and around elementary and 

secondary schools to combat school-related crime and disorder 

problems, gangs, and drug activities;’’¿ ‘‘(12 ø14¿) develop and establish new administrative and 

managerial systems to facilitate the adoption of community-oriented policing as an organization-wide philosophy; ‘‘(13 ø15¿) assist a State in enforcing a law throughout the 

State which requires that a convicted sex offender register his 

or her address with a State or local law enforcement agency 

and be subject to criminal prosecution for failure to comply; ‘‘(14 ø16¿) establish, implement, and coordinate crime prevention and control programs (involving law enforcement officers working with community members) with other Federal 

programs that serve the community and community members 

to better address the comprehensive needs of the community 

and its members; [and] ‘‘(15 ø17¿) support the purchase by a law enforcement agency of no more than 1 service weapon per officer, upon hiring 

for deployment in community-oriented policing or, if necessary, 

upon existing officers’ initial redeployment to community-oriented policing; 

‘‘(16) establish and implement innovative programs to reduce 

and prevent illegal drug manufacturing, distribution, and use, 

including the manufacturing, distribution, and use of methamphetamine; and 

‘‘(17) award enhancing community policing and crime prevention grants that meet the emerging law enforcement needs, as 

warranted.’’

‘‘(c) PREFERENTIAL CONSIDERATION OF APPLICATIONS FOR CERTAIN GRANTS.—In awarding grants under this part, the Attorney 

General may give preferential consideration, where feasible, to applications for hiring and rehiring additional career law enforcement 

officers that involve a non-Federal contribution exceeding the 25 

percent minimum under subsection (g).¿ ‘‘(c) TROOPS-TO-COPS PROGRAMS.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Grants made under subsection (b) may be 

used to hire former members of the Armed Forces to serve as 

career law enforcement officers for deployment in communityoriented policing, particularly in communities that are adversely affected by a recent military base closing. 


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‘‘(2) DEFINITION.—In this subsection, ‘former member of the 

Armed Forces’ means a member of the Armed Forces of the 

United States who is involuntarily separated from the Armed 

Forces within the meaning of section 1141 of title 10, United 

States Code. ‘‘(d) COMMUNITY PROSECUTORS PROGRAM.— ‘‘(1) award grants to pay for additional community prosecuting programs, including programs that assign prosecutors 

to handle cases from specific geographic areas, to address 

counter-terrorism problems, specific violent crime problems (including intensive illegal gang, gun, and drug enforcement and 

quality of life initiatives) and to address localized violent and 

other crime problems based on needs identified by local law enforcement agencies, community organizations, and others; ‘‘(e) TECHNOLOGY GRANTS.—

‘‘(1) award grants to develop and use new technologies, including interoperable communications technologies, modernized 

criminal record technology, and forensic technology, to assist 

State and local law enforcement agencies in reorienting the emphasis of their activities from reacting to crime to preventing 

crime and to train law enforcement officers to use such technologies; 

‘‘(fød¿) TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Attorney General may provide technical assistance øto States, units of local government, Indian 

tribal governments, and to other public and private entities,¿ 

in furtherance of the purposes of the Public Safety Partnership 

and Community Policing Act of 1994. ‘‘(2) MODEL.—The technical assistance provided by the Attorney General may include the development of a flexible model 

that will ødefine for State and local governments, and other 

public and private entities,¿ establish definitions and strategies 

associated with community or problem-oriented policing and 

methodologies for its implementation. ‘‘(3) TRAINING CENTERS AND FACILITIES.—The technical assistance provided by the Attorney General may include the establishment and operation of training centers or facilities, including regional community policing institutes, either directly 

or by contracting or cooperative arrangements. The functions of 

the centers or facilities established under this paragraph may 

include instruction and seminars for police executives, managers, trainers, supervisors, and such others as the Attorney 

General considers to be appropriate concerning community or 

problem-oriented policing and improvements in police-community interaction and cooperation that further the purposes of 

the Public Safety Partnership and Community Policing Act of 

1994. ‘‘(4) EXCLUSIVITY.—The Office of Community Oriented Policing Services shall be the exclusive element of the Department of 

Justice to perform the functions and activities specified in this 

paragraph. 

‘‘(gøe¿) UTILIZATION OF COMPONENTS.—The Attorney General 

ømay¿ shall utilize the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services øany component or components¿ of the Department of Justice 

in carrying out this part. 


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‘‘(høf¿) MINIMUM AMOUNT.—Unless all applications submitted by 

any State and grantee within the State pursuant to øsubsection 

(a)¿ paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (b) have been funded, each 

qualifying State, together with grantees within the State, shall receive øin each fiscal year pursuant to subsection (a)¿ in each fiscal 

year for purposes described in paragraph (1) and (2) of subsection 

(b) not less than 0.5 percent of the total amount appropriated in 

the fiscal year for grants pursuant to that subsection. In this subsection, ‘qualifying State’ means any State which has submitted an 

application for a grant, or in which an eligible entity has submitted 

an application for a grant, which meets the requirements prescribed by the Attorney General and the conditions set out in this 

subchapter. 

‘‘(iøg¿) MATCHING FUNDS.—The portion of the costs of a program, 

project, or activity provided by a grant under subsection (a) may 

not exceed 75 percent, unless the Attorney General waives, wholly 

or in part, the requirement under this subsection of a non-Federal 

contribution to the costs of a program, project, or activity. øIn relation to a grant for a period exceeding 1 year for hiring or rehiring 

career law enforcement officers, the Federal share shall decrease 

from year to year for up to 5 years, looking toward the continuation 

of the increased hiring level using State or local sources of funding 

following the conclusion of Federal support, as provided in an approved plan pursuant to section 3796dd–1(c)(8) of this title. 

ø‘‘(h) ALLOCATION OF FUNDS.—The funds available under this 

part shall be allocated as provided in section 3793(a)(11)(B). 

ø‘‘(i) TERMINATION OF GRANTS FOR HIRING OFFICERS.—The authority under subsection (a) of this section to make grants for the 

hiring and rehiring of additional career law enforcement officers 

shall lapse at the conclusion of 6 years from September 13, 1994. 

Prior to the expiration of this grant authority, the Attorney General shall submit a report to Congress concerning the experience 

with and effects of such grants. The report may include any recommendations the Attorney General may have for amendments to 

this part and related provisions of law in light of the termination 

of the authority to make grants for the hiring and rehiring of additional career law enforcement officers.¿ 

‘‘(j) RETENTION OF ADDITIONAL OFFICER POSITIONS.—In relation 

to a grant under subsection (b)(1) or (b)(2) for hiring or rehiring career law enforcement officers, grant recepients shall retain each additional officer position for 12 months following the grant funding 

period, unless the Attorney General waives, wholly or in part, the 

retention requirement of a program, project, or activity. 

‘‘SEC. 1702. APPLICATIONS. 

‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—No grant may be made under this part unless 

an application has been submitted to, and approved by, the Attorney General. 

‘‘(b) APPLICATION.—An application for a grant under this part 

shall be submitted in such form, and contain such information, as 

the Attorney General may prescribe by regulation or guidelines. 

‘‘(c) CONTENTS.—In accordance with the regulations or guidelines 

established by the Attorney General, each application for a grant 

under this part shall, unless waived by the Attorney General—


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‘‘(1) include a long-term strategy and detailed implementation plan that reflects consultation with community groups and 

appropriate private and public agencies; ‘‘(2) demonstrate a specific public safety need; 

‘‘(3) explain the applicant’s inability to address the need 

without Federal assistance; ‘‘(4) identify related governmental and community initiatives 

which complement or will be coordinated with the proposal; ‘‘(5) certify that there has been appropriate coordination with 

all affected agencies; ‘‘(6) outline the initial and ongoing level of community support for implementing the proposal including financial and inkind contributions or other tangible commitments; ‘‘(7) specify plans for obtaining necessary support and continuing the proposed program, project, or activity following the 

conclusion of Federal support; 

ø‘‘(8) if the application is for a grant for hiring or rehiring 

additional career law enforcement officers, specify plans for the 

assumption by the applicant of a progressively larger share of 

the cost in the course of time, looking toward the continuation 

of the increased hiring level using State or local sources of 

funding following the conclusion of Federal support;¿ ‘‘(8ø9¿) assess the impact, if any, of the increase in police resources on other components of the criminal justice system; ‘‘(9ø10¿) explain how the grant will be utilized to reorient 

the affected law enforcement agency’s mission toward community-oriented policing or enhance its involvement in or commitment to community-oriented policing; and ‘‘(10ø11¿) provide assurances that the applicant will, to the 

extent practicable, seek, recruit, and hire members of racial 

and ethnic minority groups and women in order to increase 

their ranks within the sworn positions in the law enforcement 

agency. 

ø‘‘(d) SPECIAL PROVISIONS.— ø‘‘(1) SMALL JURISDICTIONS.—Notwithstanding any other provision of this part, in relation to applications under this part 

of units of local government or law enforcement agencies having jurisdiction over areas with populations of less than 50,000, 

the Attorney General may waive 1 or more of the requirements 

of subsection (c) and may otherwise make special provisions to 

facilitate the expedited submission, processing, and approval of 

such applications. 

ø‘‘(2) SMALL GRANT AMOUNT.—Notwithstanding any other 

provision of this part, in relation to applications under section 

1701(b) for grants of less than $1,000,000, the Attorney General may waive 1 or more of the requirements of subsection (c) 

and may otherwise make special provisions to facilitate the expedited submission, processing, and approval of such applications.¿ 

‘‘SEC. 1703. RENEWAL OF GRANTS. 

‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—øExcept for grants made for hiring or rehiring 

additional career law enforcement officers, a¿ A grantøs¿ made 

under this part may be renewed without limitations on the duration of such renewal, to provide additional funds, øfor up to 2 additional years after the first fiscal year during which a recipient reVerDate Aug 31 2005 04:37 May 27, 2007 Jkt 059010 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\SR073.XXX SR073

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ceives its initial grant,¿ if the Attorney General determines that 

the funds made available to the recipient were used in a manner 

required under an approved application and if the recipient can 

demonstrate significant progress in achieving the objectives of the 

initial application. 

ø‘‘(b) GRANTS FOR HIRING.—Grants made for hiring or rehiring 

additional career law enforcement officers may be renewed for up 

to 5 years, subject to the requirements of subsection (a), but notwithstanding the limitation in that subsection concerning the number of years for which grants may be renewed. 

ø‘‘(c) MULTIYEAR GRANTS.—A grant for a period exceeding 1 year 

may be renewed as provided in this section, except that the total 

duration of such a grant including any renewals may not exceed 3 

years, or 5 years if it is a grant made for hiring or rehiring additional career law enforcement officers.¿ 

‘‘(b) NO COST EXTENSION.—Not withstanding subsection (a), the 

Attorney General may extend a grant period, without limitations as 

to the duration of such extension, to provide additional time to complete the objectives of the initial grant award. 

‘‘SEC. 1704. LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS. 

‘‘(a) NONSUPPLANTING REQUIREMENT.—Funds made available 

under this part to States or units of local government shall not be 

used to supplant State or local funds, or, in the case of Indian tribal governments, funds supplied by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 

but shall be used to increase the amount of funds that the Attorney 

General determines would, in the absence of Federal funds received 

under this part, be made available for the grant purpose from State 

or local sources, or in the case of Indian tribal governments, from 

funds supplied by the Bureau of Indian Affairs. 

‘‘(b) NON-FEDERAL COSTS.—

‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—States and units of local government may 

use assets received through the Assets Forfeiture equitable 

sharing program to provide the non-Federal share of the cost 

of programs, projects, and activities funded under this part. 

‘‘(2) INDIAN TRIBAL GOVERNMENTS.—Funds appropriated by 

the Congress for the activities of any agency of an Indian tribal 

government or the Bureau of Indian Affairs performing law enforcement functions on any Indian lands may be used to provide the non-Federal share of the cost of programs or projects 

funded under this part. 

ø‘‘(c) HIRING COSTS.—Funding provided under this part for hiring 

or rehiring a career law enforcement officer may not exceed 

$75,000, unless the Attorney General grants a waiver from this 

limitation.¿ 

‘‘SEC. 1705. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION. 

‘‘(a) MONITORING COMPONENTS.—Each program, project, or activity funded under this part shall contain a monitoring component, 

developed pursuant to guidelines established by the Attorney General. The monitoring required by this subsection shall include systematic identification and collection of data about activities, accomplishments, and programs throughout the life of the program, 

project, or activity and presentation of such data in a usable form. 

‘‘(b) EVALUATION COMPONENTS.—Selected grant recipients shall 

be evaluated on the local level or as part of a national evaluation, 


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pursuant to guidelines established by the Attorney General. Such 

evaluations may include assessments of individual program implementations. In selected jurisdictions that are able to support outcome evaluations, the effectiveness of funded programs, projects, 

and activities may be required. Outcome measures may include 

crime and victimization indicators, quality of life measures, community perceptions, and police perceptions of their own work. ‘‘(c) PERIODIC REVIEW AND REPORTS.—The Attorney General may 

require a grant recipient to submit to the Attorney General the results of the monitoring and evaluations required under subsections 

(a) and (b) and such other data and information as the Attorney 

General deems reasonably necessary. 

‘‘SEC. 1706. øREVOCATION OR SUSPENSION OF FUNDING¿ ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS. 

‘‘If the Attorney General determines, as a result of the reviews 

required by section 1705, or otherwise, that a grant recipient under 

this part is not in substantial compliance with the terms and requirements of an approved grant application submitted under section 1702, the Attorney General may take any enforcement action 

or actions available to the Department of Justice ørevoke or suspend funding of that grant, in whole or in part¿. 

‘‘SEC. 1707. ACCESS TO DOCUMENTS. 

‘‘(a) BY THE ATTORNEY GENERAL.—The Attorney General shall 

have access for the purpose of audit and examination to any pertinent books, documents, papers, or records of a grant recipient 

under this part and to the pertinent books, documents, papers, or 

records of State and local governments, persons, businesses, and 

other entities that are involved in programs, projects, or activities 

for which assistance is provided under this subchapter. ‘‘(b) BY THE COMPTROLLER GENERAL.—Subsection (a) shall apply 

with respect to audits and examinations conducted by the Comptroller General of the United States or by an authorized representative of the Comptroller General. 

‘‘SEC. 1708. GENERAL REGULATORY AUTHORITY. 

‘‘The Attorney General may promulgate regulations and guidelines to carry out this subchapter. 

‘‘SEC. 1709. DEFINITIONS. 

‘‘In this subchapter 

(1) ‘‘ ‘career law enforcement officer’ means a person hired on 

a permanent basis who is a sworn law enforcement officer who 

is authorized by law or by a State or local public agency to engage in or supervise the prevention, detection, or investigation 

of violations of criminal laws, including officers for the Amtrak 

Police Department. 

(2) ‘‘ ‘citizens’ police academy’ means a program by local law 

enforcement agencies or private non profit organizations in 

which citizens, especially those who participate in neighborhood watch programs, are trained in ways of facilitating communication between the community and local law enforcement 

in the prevention of crime. 

(3) ‘‘ ‘Indian tribe’ means a tribe, band, pueblo, nation, or 

other organized group or community of Indians, including an 

Alaska Native village (as defined in or established under the 

Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.)), 


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that is recognized as eligible for the special programs and services provided by the United States to Indians because of their 

status as Indians.’’ ‘‘(4) ’school resource officer’ means a career law enforcement 

officer, with sworn authority, deployed in community-oriented 

policing, and assigned by the employing police department or 

agency to work in collaboration with schools and communitybased organizations— ‘‘(A) to address crime and disorder problems, gangs, and 

drug activities affecting or occurring in or around an elementary or secondary school; ‘‘(B) to develop or expand crime prevention efforts for 

students; ‘‘(C) to educate likely school-age victims in crime prevention and safety; ‘‘(D to develop or expand community justice initiatives 

for students; ‘‘(E) to train students in conflict resolution of physical 

changes in the environment that may reduce crime in or 

around the school; and ‘‘(FøG¿) to assist in developing school policy that addresses crime and to recommend procedural changes.’’ (b) TECHNICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of contents of title I of 

the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 

U.S.C. 3711, et seq.) is amended by striking the item relating to 

part Q and inserting the following: 

‘‘Part Q—Public Safety and Community Policing; ‘Cops on the Beat’

‘‘Sec. 1701. Authority to make public safety and community policing grants. 

‘‘Sec. 1702. Applications. 

‘‘Sec. 1703. Renewal of grants. 

‘‘Sec. 1704. Limitation on use of funds. 

‘‘Sec. 1705. Performance evaluation. 

‘‘Sec. 1706. Revocation or suspension of funding. 

‘‘Sec. 1707. Access to documents. 

‘‘Sec. 1708. General regulatory authority. 

‘‘Sec. 1709. Definition. 

‘‘Part R—Transition; Effective Date; Repealer 

‘‘Sec. 1801. Continuation of rules, authorities, and proceedings.’’. 

(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 1001(a) of title 

I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 

U.S.C. 3793) is amended— (1) in paragraph (3) by striking ‘‘and O’’ and inserting ‘‘O, P, 

and Q’’; and 

(2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: 

‘‘(11)(A) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 

part Q, to remain available until expended ø$1,047,119,000¿ 

$1,150,000,000 for each fiscal years 2006 through 2009. ‘‘(B) Of funds available under part Q in any fiscal year, up 

to ø3¿ 5 percent may be used for technical assistance under 

section 1701(d) or for evaluations or studies carried out or commissioned by the Attorney General in furtherance of the purposes of part Q. øOf the remaining funds, 50 percent shall be 

allocated for grants pursuant to applications submitted by 

units of local government or law enforcement agencies having 

jurisdiction over areas with populations exceeding 150,000 or 

by public and private entities that serve areas with popuVerDate Aug 31 2005 04:37 May 27, 2007 Jkt 059010 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 6659 Sfmt 6602 E:\HR\OC\SR073.XXX SR073

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lations exceeding 150,000, and 50 percent shall be allocated for 

grants pursuant to applications submitted by units of local government or law enforcement agencies having jurisdiction over 

areas with populations 150,000 or less or by public and private 

entities that serve areas with populations 150,000 or less.¿ Of 

the funds available in relation to grants under part Q, at least 

$600,000,000 shall be applied to grants for the purposes specified in section 1701(b), not more than $200,000,000 shall be 

used for grants under section 1701 (d) and not more than 

$350,000,000 shall be used for grants under section 1701 (e). In 

view of the extraordinary need for law enforcement assistance 

in Indian country, an appropriate amount of funds available 

under part Q shall be made available for grants to Indian tribal governments or tribal law enforcement agencies. 

Æ 


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