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        <span class="visible-lg-block">Oklahoma</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Okla.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Oregon" target="" title="Oregon Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Oregon</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Ore.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Pennsylvania" target="" title="Pennsylvania Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Pennsylvania</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Pa.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Puerto-Rico" target="" title="Puerto Rico Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Puerto Rico</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">P.R.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Rhode-Island" target="" title="Rhode Island Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Rhode Island</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">R.I.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/South-Carolina" target="" title="South Carolina Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">South Carolina</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">S.C.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/South-Dakota" target="" title="South Dakota Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">South Dakota</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">S.D.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Tennessee" target="" title="Tennessee Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Tennessee</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Tenn.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Texas" target="" title="Texas Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Texas</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Tex.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Utah" target="" title="Utah Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Utah</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Utah</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Vermont" target="" title="Vermont Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Vermont</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Vt.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Virginia" target="" title="Virginia Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Virginia</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Va.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Washington" target="" title="Washington Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Washington</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Wash.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/West-Virginia" target="" title="West Virginia Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">West Virginia</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">W.Va.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Wisconsin" target="" title="Wisconsin Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Wisconsin</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Wis.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Wyoming" target="" title="Wyoming Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Wyoming</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Wyo.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                </ul>
                                            </div>
                                        </li>
                            </ul>
                        </li>
                        <!-- Had to put class names in strings so that IE would recognize all of them /smh -->
<li class="mainnav-dropdown dropdown ">
                            <a href="/Commodity" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Commodities <span class="caret"></span></a>
                            <ul class="mainnav-dropdownlist dropdown-menu " role="menu">
                                <!-- megamenu-fw-->
                                <!-- wrapperClass-->
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Commodity" target="" title="Lookup Commodity Main Menu Link">
        <span>Lookup Commodity</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                            </ul>
                        </li>
                        <!-- Had to put class names in strings so that IE would recognize all of them /smh -->
<li class="mainnav-dropdown dropdown megamenu-fw">
                            <a href="/" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Tools <span class="caret"></span></a>
                            <ul class="mainnav-dropdownlist dropdown-menu megamenu-content" role="menu">
                                <!-- megamenu-fw-->
                                <!-- wrapperClass-->
                                        <li class="">
                                            <div class="">
                                                <ul class="innerDropDown popular-tools  ">
                                                    <!-- insert if table layout-->
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Summary-of-Business" target="" title="Summary of Business Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-sob.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">Summary of Business</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">SOB</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Agent-Locator" target="" title="Agent Locator Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-al.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">Agent Locator</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Agent Locator</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="https://webapp.rma.usda.gov/apps/actuarialinformationbrowser/" target="" title="Actuarial Info Browser Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-aib.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">Actuarial Info Browser</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">AIB</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="https://public-rma.fpac.usda.gov/apps/MapViewer/index.html" target="_blank" title="RMA Map Viewer Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-cidt.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">RMA Map Viewer</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">RMA Map Viewer</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="https://ewebapp.rma.usda.gov/apps/costestimator/" target="_blank" title="Cost Estimator Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-ce.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">Cost Estimator</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Cost Est</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                </ul>
                                            </div>
                                        </li>
                                        <li class="">
                                            <div class="">
                                                <ul class="innerDropDown multi-column-dropdown listncol tools ">
                                                    <!-- insert if table layout-->
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://webapp.rma.usda.gov/apps/actuarialinformationbrowser/" target="_blank" title="Actuarial Information Browser Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Actuarial Information Browser</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">AIB</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Agent-Locator" target="" title="Agent Locator Main Menu Link">
        <span>Agent Locator</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://public-rma.fpac.usda.gov/AipListing" target="" title="AIP Companies Main Menu Link">
        <span>AIP Companies</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Associated-Agencies-and-Partners" target="" title="Associated Agencies and Partners Main Menu Link">
        <span>Associated Agencies and Partners</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Summary-of-Business/Cause-of-Loss" target="" title="Cause of Loss Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Cause of Loss</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Cause of Loss</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://ewebapp.rma.usda.gov/apps/costestimator/" target="_blank" title="Cost Estimator Main Menu Link">
        <span>Cost Estimator</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://public-rma.fpac.usda.gov/apps/MapViewer/index.html" target="" title="County Programs Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">County Programs</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">County Programs</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Crop-Indemnity-Maps" target="" title="Crop Indemnity Maps Main Menu Link">
        <span>Crop Indemnity Maps</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Crop-Weather" target="" title="Crop Weather Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Crop Weather</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Crop Weather</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://pubfs-rma.fpac.usda.gov/" target="_blank" title="FTP File Access Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">FTP File Access</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">FTP</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Summary-of-Business/Livestock-and-Dairy-Participation" target="" title="Livestock and Dairy Participation Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Livestock and Dairy Participation</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Livestock and Dairy Participation</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Livestock-Reports" target="" title="Livestock Reports (LRP and LGM) Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Livestock Reports (LRP and LGM)</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Livestock Reports</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Nursery-Inventory-Software-EPLPPS" target="" title="Nursery Software (EPLPPS) Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Nursery Software (EPLPPS)</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Nursery Software</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Other-Sites" target="" title="Other Sites Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Other Sites</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Other Sites</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://prodwebnlb.rma.usda.gov/apps/prf " target="_blank" title="PRF Rainfall Main Menu Link">
        <span>PRF Rainfall</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="http://prodwebnlb.rma.usda.gov/apps/PriceDiscovery" target="_blank" title="Price Discovery Reporting Main Menu Link">
        <span>Price Discovery Reporting</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Reinsurance-Reports" target="" title="Reinsurance Reports Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Reinsurance Reports</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Reinsurance</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://webapp.rma.usda.gov/apps/RIRS/" target="_blank" title="RMA Information Reporting System Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">RMA Information Reporting System</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">RIRS</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://public-rma.fpac.usda.gov/apps/MapViewer/index.html" target="_blank" title="RMA Map Viewer Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">RMA Map Viewer</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Map Viewer</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Summary-of-Business" target="" title="Summary of Business Reports Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Summary of Business Reports</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">SOB</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                </ul>
                                            </div>
                                        </li>
                            </ul>
                        </li>
                        <!-- Had to put class names in strings so that IE would recognize all of them /smh -->
<li class="mainnav-dropdown dropdown ">
                            <a href="/Topics" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Topics <span class="caret"></span></a>
                            <ul class="mainnav-dropdownlist dropdown-menu " role="menu">
                                <!-- megamenu-fw-->
                                <!-- wrapperClass-->
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Beginning-or-Veteran-Farmers-and-Ranchers" target="" title="Beginning or Veteran Farmers and Ranchers Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Beginning or Veteran Farmers and Ranchers</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Beginning or Veteran Farmers and Ranchers</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Civil-Rights" target="" title="Civil Rights Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Civil Rights</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Civil Rights</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Compliance-Information" target="" title="Compliance Information Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Compliance Information</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Compliance Information</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Conservation" target="" title="Conservation Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Conservation</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Conservation</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Controlled-Environment" target="" title="Controlled Environment Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Controlled Environment</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Controlled Environment</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Cover-Crops" target="" title="Cover Crops Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Cover Crops</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Cover Crops</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Double-Cropping-Initiative" target="" title="Double Cropping Initiative Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Double Cropping Initiative</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Double Cropping Initiative</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Farm-Bill" target="" title="Farm Bill Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Farm Bill</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Farm Bill</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Frequently-Asked-Questions" target="" title="Frequently Asked Questions Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Frequently Asked Questions</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Frequently Asked Questions</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Hemp" target="" title="Hemp Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Hemp</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Hemp</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Hurricane-Insurance-Protection-Wind-Index" target="" title="Hurricane Insurance Protection - Wind Index Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Hurricane Insurance Protection - Wind Index</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Hurricane Insurance Protection - Wind Index</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Insurance-Cycle" target="" title="Insurance Cycle Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Insurance Cycle</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Insurance Cycle</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Insurance-Resources" target="" title="Insurance Resources Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Insurance Resources</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Insurance Resources</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Lamb-Data-Gathering-Listening-Sessions" target="" title="Lamb Data Gathering Listening Sessions Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Lamb Data Gathering Listening Sessions</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Lamb Data Gathering Listening Sessions</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Livestock-Insurance-Plans" target="" title="Livestock Insurance Plans Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Livestock Insurance Plans</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Livestock Insurance Plans</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Livestock-Roadshow" target="" title="Livestock Roadshow Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Livestock Roadshow</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Livestock Roadshow</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Manage-Your-Farm-Risk" target="" title="Manage Your Farm Risk Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Manage Your Farm Risk</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Manage Your Farm Risk</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/National-Fact-Sheets" target="" title="National Fact Sheets Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">National Fact Sheets</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">National Fact Sheets</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Nursery" target="" title="Nursery Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Nursery</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Nursery</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Organic-Crops" target="" title="Organic Crops Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Organic Crops</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Organic Crops</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Outreach-and-Education" target="" title="Outreach and Education Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Outreach and Education</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Outreach and Education</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Prevented-Planting" target="" title="Prevented Planting Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Prevented Planting</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Prevented Planting</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Producer-Obligations-and-Expectations" target="" title="Producer Obligations and Expectations Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Producer Obligations and Expectations</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Producer Obligations and Expectations</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Publications" target="" title="Publications Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Publications</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Publications</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Reinsurance-Agreements" target="" title="Reinsurance Agreements Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Reinsurance Agreements</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Reinsurance Agreements</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/RMA-2023-Accomplishments" target="" title="RMA 2023 Accomplishments Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">RMA 2023 Accomplishments</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">RMA 2023 Accomplishments</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Shellfish" target="" title="Shellfish Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Shellfish</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Shellfish</span>
    </a>

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            <h1>

                Final Agency Determination: FAD-292
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                    <p style="margin: 0px;"><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">Subject:<span style="margin: 0px;">  </span></span></strong><span style="margin: 0px;">Two requests dated January 23, 2020, and February 13, 2020, to the Risk Management Agency (RMA) requesting a Final Agency Determination for the 2017 crop year regarding the interpretation of section 20(a) and (b)(1) and (2) of the Common Crop Insurance Policy Basic Provisions (Basic Provisions), published at 7 C.F.R. § 457.8.<span style="margin: 0px;"> </span>This request is pursuant to 7 C.F.R. § 400, subpart X.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">Background:</span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">The Basic Provisions states, in relevant part:</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">*****</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">Throughout this policy, “you” and “your” refer to the named insured shown on the accepted application and “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to the insurance company providing insurance. Unless the context indicates otherwise, use of the plural form of a word includes the singular and use of the singular form of the word includes the plural.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">*****</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 48px;"><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">1.<span style="margin: 0px;">      </span></span></strong><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">Definitions.</span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 48px;"><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">*****</span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 48px;"><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">Insured</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px;"> - The named person as shown on the application accepted by us. This term does not extend to any other person having a share or interest in the crop (for example, a partnership, landlord, or any other person) unless specifically indicated on the accepted application.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 48px;"><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">****</span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 48px;"><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">2.<span style="margin: 0px;">      </span></span></strong><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">Life of Policy, Cancellation, and Termination</span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 48px;"><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">*****</span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">(j)<span style="margin: 0px;">   </span>Any person may sign any document relative to crop insurance coverage on behalf of any other person covered by such a policy, provided that the person has a properly executed power of attorney or such other legally sufficient document authorizing such person to sign. You are still responsible for the accuracy of all information provided on your behalf and may be subject to the consequences in section 6(g), and any other applicable consequences, if any information has been misreported.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">****</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 48px;"><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">20.<span style="margin: 0px;"> </span>Mediation, Arbitration, Appeal, Reconsideration, and Administrative and Judicial Review. </span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">(a)<span style="margin: 0px;">  </span>If you and we fail to agree on any determination made by us except those specified in section 20(d) or (e), the disagreement may be resolved through mediation in accordance with section 20(g). If resolution cannot be reached through mediation, or you and we do not agree to mediation, the disagreement must be resolved through arbitration in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association (AAA), except as provided in sections 20(c) and (f), and unless rules are established by FCIC for this purpose. Any mediator or arbitrator with a familial, financial or other business relationship to you or us, or our agent or loss adjuster, is disqualified from hearing the dispute. </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">*****</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">(b)<span style="margin: 0px;">  </span>Regardless of whether mediation is elected: </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 96px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">(1)<span style="margin: 0px;">  </span>The initiation of arbitration proceedings must occur within one year of the date we denied your claim or rendered the determination with which you disagree, whichever is later; </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 96px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">(2)<span style="margin: 0px;">  </span>If you fail to initiate arbitration in accordance with section 20(b)(1) and complete the process, you will not be able to resolve the dispute through judicial review;</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 96px;"><span style="margin: 0px; color: black;">*****</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">28.<span style="margin: 0px;"> </span>Transfer of Coverage and Right to Indemnity. </span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 48px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">If you transfer any part of your share during the crop year, you may transfer your coverage rights, if the transferee is eligible for crop insurance. We will not be liable for any more than the liability determined in accordance with your policy that existed before the transfer occurred. The transfer of coverage rights must be on our form and will not be effective until approved by us in writing. Both you and the transferee are jointly and severally liable for the payment of the premium and administrative fees. The transferee has all rights and responsibilities under this policy consistent with the transferee’s interest.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">29.<span style="margin: 0px;"> </span>Assignment of Indemnity. </span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">(a)<span style="margin: 0px;">  </span>You may assign your right to an indemnity for the crop year only to creditors or other persons to whom you have a financial debt or other pecuniary obligation. You may be required to provide proof of the debt or other pecuniary obligation before we will accept the assignment of indemnity. </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">(b)<span style="margin: 0px;">  </span>All assignments must be on our form and must be provided to us. Each assignment form may contain more than one creditor or other person to whom you have a financial debt or other pecuniary obligation. </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">(c)<span style="margin: 0px;">  </span>Unless you have provided us with a properly executed assignment of indemnity, we will not make any payment to a lienholder or other person to whom you have a financial debt or other pecuniary obligation even if you may have a lien or other assignment recorded elsewhere. Under no circumstances will we be liable: </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 96px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">(1)<span style="margin: 0px;">  </span>To any lienholder or other person to whom you have a financial debt or other pecuniary obligation where you have failed to include such lienholder or person on a properly executed assignment of indemnity provided to us; or</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 96px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">*****</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">Section 509 of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (Act) (7 U.S.C. § 1509) states:</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">INDEMNITIES EXEMPT FROM LEVY </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">SEC. 509. 7 U.S.C. 1509 Claims for indemnities under this subtitle shall not be liable to attachment, levy, garnishment, or any other legal process before payment to the insured or to deduction on account of the indebtedness of the insured or the estate of the insured to the United States except claims of the United States or the Corporation arising under this subtitle.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">7 C.F.R. § 457.8 states, in relevant part:</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">§ 457.8 The application and policy.</span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">*****</span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="background: white; margin: 0px; color: black;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="background: white; margin: 0px; color: black;">If a producer has a properly executed Power of Attorney on file with the insurance provider, such Power of Attorney will remain in effect under the Common Crop Insurance Policy Basic Provisions until it is terminated.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">2017 General Standards Handbook paragraph 855 states, in relevant part:</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">Paragraph 855 Power of Attorney</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">Insureds may grant a third-party the authority to sign crop insurance documents on their behalf if a legally executed POA is provided to the AIP. The person authorized to sign is the attorney-in-fact.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">****</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 48px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">B.<span style="margin: 0px;">  </span>POA Requirements </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">(1)<span style="margin: 0px;">  </span>Authority POAs which grant authority to sign contracts and legally bind the grantor(s) are sufficient for crop insurance purposes. The POA must specify the person authorized, the period of authorization, and powers granted.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">****</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 72px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">Interpretation Submitted</span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">Two interpretations were submitted in this FAD request:</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">First requestor’s interpretation</span><span style="margin: 0px;">:</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">The first requestor interprets section 20(a) and (b)(l) and (2) of the Basic Provisions to mean that all rights and obligations of an insured under a federally reinsured crop insurance policy are reserved exclusively to the insured named on the accepted application, including the right and obligation to initiate an arbitration relating to determinations made by the approved insurance provider (AIP) and the right to seek and collect any indemnities which may be owed. The Basic Provisions defines “you” as only the named insured shown on the accepted application. Further, “Insured” is defined in the Basic Provisions as the named person as shown on the application accepted by us and specifically excludes “any other person having a share or interest in the crop ... unless specifically indicated on the accepted application.”</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">Section 855 of the 2017 General Standards Handbook (FCIC-18190) allows an insured to grant a third-party (the “Attorney-in-Fact”) the authority to sign crop insurance documents on their behalf if a legally sufficient and properly executed Power of Attorney (POA) is provided to the AIP. However, a POA does not give the Attorney-in-Fact any rights or interests in the policy, including, but not limited to, the right to be paid an indemnity or the right to file a demand or prosecute the insured’s claims in arbitration. </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">Section 509 of the Act expressly precludes a party, including an Attorney-in-Fact, from initiating or prosecuting any legal process, including arbitration, on its own behalf in an attempt to collect indemnities that may otherwise be due to a policyholder. Rights and interests in the policy can only be transferred or assigned to a third party in compliance with section 28 and 29 of the Basic Provisions.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; text-decoration: underline;">Second requestor’s interpretation</span><span style="margin: 0px;">:</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">The second requestor contends that a plain reading of section 20 allows for a party to initiate an arbitration claim via a duly granted Power of Attorney as long as those claims are initiated within one year of the date the claim was denied, or the challenged determination was rendered. The first requestor contends that the arbitration proceedings must be dismissed because, although timely initiated, they were initiated in the name of the Attorney-in-Fact under Power of Attorney executed by each of the policyholders, rather than in the name of the policyholder.<span style="margin: 0px;"> </span>There is no statement or reference in section 20 that supports the first requestor’s interpretation. </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">Section 20 requires that “the disagreement must be resolved through arbitration” and that “[t]he initiation of arbitration proceedings must occur within one year of the date we denied your claim ....”<span style="margin: 0px;"> </span>In order to comply with section 20, the initiation of arbitration proceedings occurred, within the one year window to commence these arbitration proceedings.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">Section 20 does not contain an additional unstated requirement that the arbitration proceedings commenced within one year must also be commenced in the name of the policyholder (and not simply on their behalf). The first requestor’s position above implies that section 20 includes language such as “You must initiate arbitration proceedings in your name within one year ....” (which it does not), rather than the actual language of section 20, which simply states that “the initiation of arbitration proceedings must occur within one year.” Section 20 specifically states that (and only that) “the disagreement must be resolved through arbitration” (which occurred) and that “[t]he initiation of arbitration proceedings must occur within one year” (which also occurred).<span style="margin: 0px;"> T</span>he arbitration proceedings were timely initiated.<span style="margin: 0px;"> </span>Nothing in section 20 precludes the Attorney-in-Fact from initiating these arbitration claims using a Power of Attorney issued by the policyholder. Nothing in section 20 prohibits or excludes this action. <span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><strong><span style="margin: 0px;">Final Agency Determination</span></strong></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;">Section 2 of the Basic Provisions states that a power of attorney may grant authority to a person (Attorney-in-Fact) to sign any document on the named insured’s behalf. Therefore, arbitration proceedings may be initiated through a document signed by the insured's Attorney-in-Fact. However, the arbitration must be for the named insured, not for the Attorney-in-Fact. </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; color: black;">In accordance with 7 C.F.R. § 400.766(b)(2), this Final Agency Determination is binding on all participants in the Federal crop insurance program for the crop years the policy provisions are in effect.<span style="margin: 0px;"> </span>Any appeal of this decision must be in accordance with 7 C.F.R. § 400.766(b)(5).</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; color: black;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><em><strong><span style="margin: 0px; color: black;">Date of Issue</span></strong></em><span style="margin: 0px; color: black;">: </span><span style="margin: 0px; color: black;">March 13, 2020</span></p>
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