United States 

Department of 

Agriculture

Federal Crop

Insurance

Corporation

FCIC-24430 (09-2023)

SHELLFISH PILOT

INSURANCE 

STANDARDS 

HANDBOOK

2024 and Succeeding Crop

Years
THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
September 2023 FCIC-24430 TP 1 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

FARM PRODUCTION AND CONSERVATION

RISK MANAGEMENT AGENCY

TITLE: Shellfish Pilot Insurance Standards 

Handbook

NUMBER: FCIC-24430

OPI: Product Administration and Standards Division

EFFECTIVE DATE: 2024 and Succeeding Crop Years ISSUE DATE: September 28, 2023

SUBJECT:

Provides underwriting procedures and 

instructions for administering the Shellfish Pilot 

Crop Insurance Program.

REASON FOR ISSUANCE

The Shellfish Pilot Insurance Standards Handbook is being issued and effective for the Shellfish Pilot Crop 

Insurance Program available beginning with the 2024 crop year. 

APPROVED: 

/s/ John W. Underwood for

Deputy Administrator for Product Management
September 2023 FCIC-24430 TC 1 

SHELLFISH PILOT INSURANCE STANDARDS HANDBOOK 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART 1: GENERAL INFORMATION AND RESPONSIBILITIES..............................................................................1

1 General Information......................................................................................................................1

2 Responsibilities..............................................................................................................................2

3-20 Reserved........................................................................................................................................2

PART 2: SHELLFISH COMMODITY PROVISIONS ...............................................................................................3

21 Availability.....................................................................................................................................3

22 Important Dates............................................................................................................................3

23 Insurance Period ...........................................................................................................................4

24 Insured Commodity.......................................................................................................................4

25 Unit Division..................................................................................................................................5

26 Insurance Guarantees ...................................................................................................................5

27 Causes of Loss ...............................................................................................................................7

28 Excluded Coverages.......................................................................................................................7

29 Service Forms................................................................................................................................8

30 Reserved........................................................................................................................................8

PART 3: SHELLFISH REPORTING AND PROGRAM DETAILS...............................................................................9

31 Global Positioning System Coordinates.........................................................................................9

32 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Worksheet.............................................................................9

33 Shellfish Pre-Acceptance Inspection Report................................................................................12

34 Commodity Report......................................................................................................................13

35 Production Report.......................................................................................................................13

36 Shellfish APH Database ...............................................................................................................14

37-40 Reserved......................................................................................................................................14

PART 4: APPROVED YIELD DETERMINATION ................................................................................................15

41 General Information....................................................................................................................15

42 Capped Yield................................................................................................................................15

43 Expected Yield.............................................................................................................................15

44 Example of Approved Yield Calculation by Growing Intervals.....................................................18

45-50 Reserved......................................................................................................................................22
September 2023 FCIC-24430 TC 2 

SHELLFISH PILOT INSURANCE STANDARDS HANDBOOK 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART 5: HANDBOOKS...................................................................................................................................23

51 CIH, DSSH, and GSH Applicability ................................................................................................23

52 CIH Part 9 ....................................................................................................................................23

53 CIH Part 12 ..................................................................................................................................23

54 CIH Part 13 ..................................................................................................................................24

55 CIH Part 14 ..................................................................................................................................25

56 CIH Part 15 ..................................................................................................................................25

57 CIH Part 16 ..................................................................................................................................26

58 CIH Part 17 ................................................................................................................................. 26

59 CIH Part 18-22 ............................................................................................................................26

60 CIH Exhibit 15 ..............................................................................................................................26

61 GSH, Exhibit 8A, Crop Policy Information ....................................................................................27

62-70 Reserved......................................................................................................................................27

EXHIBITS .......................................................................................................................................................28

Exhibit 1 Acronyms and Abbreviations...............................................................................................28

Exhibit 2 Definitions ...........................................................................................................................29

Exhibit 3 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Worksheet Form..........................................................32

Exhibit 4 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Worksheet Required Elements ....................................34

Exhibit 5 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Worksheet Sample.......................................................36

Exhibit 6 Shellfish Pre-Acceptance Inspection Report Form...............................................................37

Exhibit 7 Shellfish Pre-Acceptance Inspection Report Requirement Elements ..................................39

Exhibit 8 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Inspection Report Sample............................................42

Exhibit 9 Producer Price Option Worksheet Form .............................................................................43

Exhibit 10 Producer Price Option Worksheet Required Elements........................................................44

Exhibit 11 Producer Price Option Worksheet Sample ..........................................................................45

Exhibit 12 Production Report Sample ..................................................................................................46

Exhibit 13 Shellfish APH Database Sample ...............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 1 

PART 1: GENERAL INFORMATION AND RESPONSIBILITIES

1 General Information

A. Purpose and Objective

The purpose of this handbook is to provide supplementary instructions for establishing Shellfish

insurance coverage in accordance with the Shellfish CP (24-0115), Shellfish LASH (FCIC-25980), 

CIH (FCIC-18010), DSSH (FCIC-24040), GSH (GSH-18190), and LAM (FCIC-25010). The 

supplemental RMA-issued standards for this commodity and crop year are in effect as of the 

signature date for this handbook at www.rma.usda.gov/en/Policy-andProcedure/Underwriting---24000. 

This handbook remains in effect until superseded by reissuance of the entire handbook subject 

to any directives contained in any bulletin or FAD released by RMA. A bulletin or FAD can 

supersede applicable portions of the original handbook.

In general, the Shellfish Pilot Crop Insurance Program will be administered under the 

procedures contained in the FCIC-18010 CIH for Category B crops. Other applicable 

terminology and instructions contained in the CIH, GSH, DSSH, and LAM and applicable exhibits 

that apply to the AIP and the insured apply to the Shellfish Pilot Crop Insurance Program.

B. Source of Authority

The FCIC Board of Directors approved the Shellfish Pilot Crop Insurance Program on May 18, 

2023, under the authority of Section 523 of the Federal Crop Insurance Act.

C. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

The USDA prohibits discrimination against its customers. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 

provides that “No person in the United States shall, on the ground of race, color, or national 

origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to 

discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.” Therefore, 

programs and activities that receive Federal financial assistance must operate in a 

nondiscriminatory manner. Also, a recipient of RMA funding may not retaliate against any 

person because they opposed an unlawful practice or policy, or made charges, testified or 

participated in a complaint under Title VI.

It is the AIPs’ responsibility to ensure that standards, procedures, methods and instructions, as 

authorized by FCIC in the sale and service of crop insurance contracts, are implemented in a 

manner compliant with Title VI. Information regarding Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 

and the program discrimination complaint process is available on the USDA public website at 

www.ascr.usda.gov. For more information on the RMA Non-Discrimination Statement, see the 

DSSH.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 2 

1 General Information (Continued)

D. Related Handbooks

The following table provides handbooks related to this handbook.

Handbook Relation/Purpose

CIH This handbook provides the official FCIC-approved underwriting standards for 

policies administered by AIPs for the General Administrative Regulations, 

Common Crop Insurance Policy Basic Provisions, and Area Risk Protection

Regulations.

DSSH This handbook provides the official FCIC-approved form standards for use in the 

sale and service of any eligible Federal crop insurance policy; required 

statements and disclosures; and the standards for submission and review of 

non-reinsured supplemental policies in accordance with the SRA.

GSH This handbook provides the official FCIC-approved standards for policies and 

procedures administered by AIPs under the General Administrative Regulations, 

Common Crop Insurance Policy Regulations Basic Provisions, including the 

Catastrophic Risk Protection Endorsement; the Area Risk Protection Insurance 

Regulations Basic Provisions; the Stacked Income Protection Plan of Insurance; 

the Rainfall Index Plan; and the Whole-Farm Revenue Protection Pilot Policy.

LAM This handbook provides the official FCIC-approved general loss adjustment 

standards for all levels of insurance provided under FCIC unless a publication 

specifies that none or only specified parts of this handbook apply.

Shellfish 

LASH

This handbook provides loss adjustment procedures for shellfish.

(1) Terms, abbreviations, and definitions general (not crop-specific) are identified in the 

CIH, GSH, and LAM. See Part 5 for additions or exceptions to those general procedures. 

(2) Terms, abbreviations, and definitions specific to this Shellfish Pilot Crop Insurance 

Program are listed in Exh. 1 and 2. 

2 Responsibilities

A. AIP Responsibilities

AIPs must use standards, procedures, methods, and instructions as authorized by FCIC in the 

sale and service of crop insurance policies. Each AIP is responsible for using FCIC approved 

procedures. Procedures herein must be administered on a policy basis.

B. Agent Responsibilities

In addition to the responsibilities discussed in the CIH, the agent will assist the insured in 

completing the annual commodity report and advise insureds of their responsibility to comply 

with all reporting requirements of the policy.

3-20 Reserved 
September 2023 FCIC-24430 3 

PART 2: SHELLFISH COMMODITY PROVISIONS

21 Availability

(1) The Shellfish Pilot Crop Insurance Program is available to all persons with a share in the 

insurable commodity meeting the insurability requirements contained in the BP, CP, and SP, 

and is available in approved counties.

(2) The insured must have production records of harvested mature commodity for at least the 

most recent four APH crop years.

(3) Shellfish insurance coverage may be written in conjunction with HIP-WI. 

(4) Coverage is not available by written agreement or for the commodity grown in nurseries or 

hatcheries. 

22 Important Dates

A. Contract Change Date

August 31 preceding the cancellation date.

B. Sales Closing Date

November 30.

C. Cancellation Date 

November 30 before the beginning of the crop year.

D. Termination Date

December 31 before the beginning of the crop year.

E. Production Reporting Date

January 15 following the SCD.

F. Commodity Reporting Date

January 15 following the SCD. 

G. Premium Billing Date

August 15 following the SCD for the crop year.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 4 

23 Insurance Period

A. Coverage Begins

Insurance attaches to the commodity reported on the commodity report for the basic unit on 

January 1, unless the AIP inspects the applicable growing locations before insurance attaches in 

accordance with Para. 24A(7) and determines a location(s) does not meet insurability 

requirements.

B. End of Insurance Period

(1) Coverage ends on the basic unit or part of the unit at the earliest of:

(a) total destruction of the insured commodity;

(b) final adjustment of a loss on the unit;

(c) abandonment of the insured commodity;

(d) complete harvest of the insured commodity; or

(e) the December 31 calendar date for the EOIP.

(2) For purposes of Para. 23B(1), coverage ends on any portion of the commodity within a 

unit once any event specified in Para. 23B(1) occurs for the commodity. Coverage only 

remains in effect on the commodity that has not been affected by a specified event.

24 Insurability

A. Insured Commodity

The commodity insured in the county will be all of each commodity the insured elects to insure 

for which a premium rate is provided by the AD:

(1) in which the insured has a share;

(2) that is listed on an application submitted by the insured and which is accepted by the 

AIP;

(3) that is a type designated in the SP;

(4) that is grown in containers; 

(5) that meets the minimum seed size contained in the SP and is supported by the insured’s

seed purchase receipts; 

(6) that is purchased from a private or commercial shellfish nursery or hatchery;

(7) that is grown by a person who has grown the commodity or participated in managing an

operation of the same commodity for at least four crop years in the county in which the 

commodity will be insured, unless otherwise specified in the SP;
September 2023 FCIC-24430 5 

24 Insurability (Continued)

A. Insured Commodity (Continued)

(8) that is produced using generally acceptable production methods for the commodity; 

and 

(9) that is produced in an operation that, if inspected by the AIP, is considered acceptable 

to the AIP.

B. Uninsured Commodity

Shellfish grown in nurseries and hatcheries are not insurable.

25 Unit Division

A. Basic Unit

In lieu of the definition in section 1 of the BP, a basic unit will be all of the insurable commodity

in the county for which the insured has a share on the date coverage begins for the crop year. 

B. Other Units

No other unit division under Section 34 of the BP is allowed.

26 Insurance Guarantees

A. Coverage Levels

Coverage levels are available in five percent increments from 50 percent to 75 percent. CAT 

level of coverage is available.

B. Price Elections

The insured may elect the price election contained in the AD or the producer price option by 

the applicable SCD. The producer price option is reported on the commodity report by the 

CRD. The producer price option is calculated as the average price received by the insured for 

each year in the most recent four APH crop years up to the maximum over established price. 

The average price is the total dollar sales of the commodity divided by the total number of the 

commodity sold for each crop year. The producer price option is not available for CAT level of 

coverage. See Exh. 11 for producer price option worksheet.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 6 

26 Insurance Guarantees (Continued)

C. Approved Yield

The approved yield for the basic unit for the crop year is the lesser of:

(1) the capped yield which is the average yield for the basic unit multiplied by 1.25; or

(2) the expected yield which is the result of the number of seeds purchased from a private or 

commercial nursery or hatchery that are placed into containers for the crop year (as 

determined by the applicable growing interval) multiplied by the adjusted mean survival 

rate. See Part 4 for additional information and examples.

D. Growing Interval

The growing interval is the time between the calendar year of the seed purchased and the crop 

year for the insured commodity and county. The growing interval must be based on the 

majority of the number of the seeds in the insured’s operation. A single growing interval will 

apply for all of the insured commodity in the county and is used to calculate the expected yield. 

The growing interval for the current crop year will apply for each subsequent crop year the 

policy is in effect for the insured commodity. The insured may request a change in the growing 

interval based on a change in seed size prior to the SCD. See Para. 32G for information on 

change in growing interval. 

(1) Growing Interval I – The majority of the seed is purchased one calendar year prior to the 

crop year (e.g., for crop year 2024, seeds are purchased in the 2023 calendar year).

(2) Growing Interval II – The majority of the seed is purchased two calendar years prior to 

the crop year (e.g., for crop year 2024, seeds are purchased in the 2022 calendar year).

(3) Growing Interval III – The majority of the seed is purchased three calendar years prior to 

the crop year (e.g., for crop year 2024, seeds are purchased in the 2021 calendar year).
September 2023 FCIC-24430 7 

27 Causes of Loss

A. Insured Causes

The CP provides crop insurance coverage only against the following causes of loss that occur 

within the insurance period in counties where a county loss trigger is determined, as provided

in section 10(b)(1) of the CP:

(1) named storms;

(2) excessive heat during a low tide event; 

(3) freeze during a low tide event; or

(4) low salinity caused by excessive rainfall.

B. Excluded Causes

In addition to the causes of loss excluded in section 12 of the BP, the AIP will not insure against 

damage or loss of production due to the insured’s inability to harvest the commodity for any 

reason other than actual physical damage from an insurable cause specified in this paragraph. 

For example, the AIP will not pay the insured an indemnity if the insured is unable to harvest

due to quarantine, closure, or refusal of any person to accept production.

28 Excluded Coverages

The following coverages and options contained in the BP are not available under the CP:

(1) Section 9. Insurable Acreage;

(2) Section 13. Replanting Payment;

(3) Section 15. Production Included in Determining an Indemnity and Payment Reductions [except 

section 15(a) and (b) of the BP]; 

(4) Section 16. Late Planting;

(5) Section 17. Prevented Planting;

(6) Section 18. Written Agreements; 

(7) Section 34. Units;

(8) Section 36. Yield Options;

(9) Section 37. Organic Farming Practices; and 

(10) Section 38. Direct Marketing and Verifiable Records.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 8 

29 Service Forms

The following forms are required for the CP:

(1) Application; 

(2) Policy Change;

(3) Producer Price Option Worksheet; 

(4) Shellfish PAW; 

(4) Shellfish PAIR;

(5) Shellfish Commodity Report;

(6) Shellfish Production Report; and

(7) Shellfish APH Database. 

30 Reserved
September 2023 FCIC-24430 9 

PART 3: SHELLFISH REPORTING AND PROGRAM DETAILS

31 Global Positioning System Coordinates

The reports in this part require GPS coordinates to identify all insurable growing locations by lease. 

The insured is required to provide these coordinates with sufficient detail to accurately identify each 

growing location. The insured must provide this information to the AIP in digital format as latitude and 

longitude. Latitude values will contain a leading zero and will be considered as North, and longitude 

values will be considered as West. Each coordinate will be provided in the format DDDMMddd, where:

DDD = degrees (right justified and left zero filled where appropriate)

MM = minutes (right justified and left zero filled where appropriate)

ddd = decimal minutes, rounded where necessary to 3 positions.

For example, Latitude: 03740109, Longitude: 12223825

32 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Worksheet

The PAW is an insured’s self-certification of the conditions of the commodity. The PAW is used by the 

AIP to determine insurability and other policy requirements. The insured certifies by basic unit all the 

information contained on the PAW. The AIP representative may assist the insured with completing the 

PAW.

A. PAW Submission

A PAW is due annually on or before the SCD. The insured must complete and submit the PAW

(as determined by the applicable growing interval) including: 

(1) seed purchase receipts for the current crop year as determined by the applicable 

growing interval (e.g., for crop year 2024 and Growing Interval II, the insured must 

submit all seed purchase receipts from the 2022 calendar year). Seed purchased 

receipts must include the following:

(a) insured’s name; 

(b) commodity; 

(c) date of purchase; 

(d) the number of seeds purchased by seed size; and 

(e) the name of the private or commercial shellfish nursery or hatchery. 
September 2023 FCIC-24430 10

32 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Worksheet (Continued)

A. PAW Submission (Continued)

(2) For each growing location, aerial photograph(s) or acceptable GIS/GPS map(s), or other 

legible map(s) delineating lease boundaries and where the insured’s commodity is 

planted including: 

(a) site identification, including lease identification numbers (or other applicable 

identification numbers); and 

(b) GPS coordinates. 

See Exh. 3 for required elements and Exh. 5 sample PAW. 

B. AIP PAW Review

The AIP must use the information provided by the insured on the PAW to determine the 

following: 

(1) the insurable commodity for the crop year; 

(2) whether a PAIR may be conducted by the AIP;

(3) whether the approved yield should be adjusted; and 

(4) whether the commodity meets the policy insurability requirements in accordance with 

these procedures and the CP.

C. PAW may Trigger a PAIR

A PAW may trigger the need for a PAIR when the insured answers “Yes” to: 

(1) changes in cultural practices; 

(2) production methods; 

(3) changes in growing locations; or

(4) changes in growing interval. 

See Subpara. 32F and 32G. 

D. Failure to Submit a PAW

If the insured fails to complete and submit a PAW by the SCD, the AIP must:

(1) obtain the required information from the insured;

(2) conduct a PAIR to determine the required information; or

(3) deny coverage for the crop year.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 11

32 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Worksheet (Continued)

E. Revised PAW

The insured must submit a revised PAW if the conditions of their operation change by the CRD 

and if the insured: 

(1) purchased additional seeds for expected harvest in the current crop year (as determined 

by the applicable growing interval) that were not included on the original PAW; or

(2) acquired additional leases for expected harvest in the current crop year after the 

original PAW was submitted. 

F. Changes in Cultural Practices, Production Methods, or Growing Locations

(1) Applicability

The insured must report, by the PRD, any change in cultural practices, growing intervals, 

growing locations or any other circumstance that could reduce the potential yield below

the approved yield upon which the insurance guarantee is based. The AIP will reduce 

the approved yield as necessary:

(a) Based on the AIP’s estimate of the effect of the changes and the information 

provided on the PAW. 

(b) If the insured fails to notify the AIP of any of the changes at any time that the AIP 

becomes aware of the changes.

(2) AIP Review Criteria

When the insured changes cultural practices, production methods including reduction in 

number of containers, or growing location which results in a reduction in potential yield 

below the approved yield, the AIP will calculate the revised approved yield by 

multiplying the original approved yield by 80 percent unless the AIP approved change in 

growing interval. See Subpara. 32G for change in growing intervals. 

G. Changes in Growing Intervals

(1) Applicability

The insured may change the growing interval for the current crop year based on a 

change in the majority of seed size (either smaller or larger) purchased, if approved by 

the AIP. 

Example: A producer insured in Growing Interval II normally plants 4mm seed but

changed to 12mm seed for the current crop year. The producer notifies 

the AIP the operation has changed to planting 12mm seed (the change 

from 4mm to 12mm seed is documented with required seed purchase 

records for the 4mm and 12mm seed years). Based on this information, 

the AIP determines whether the change to Growing Interval I is 

acceptable. 
September 2023 FCIC-24430 12

32 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Worksheet (Continued)

G. Changes in Growing Intervals (Continued) 

(2) AIP Review Criteria

(a) When the AIP approves the change in the insured’s growing interval the change 

becomes effective for the current crop year. A new APH database will be 

established using the most recent four APH crop years. The updated expected 

yield will be based on the formula for the new growing interval. See Part 4 on 

how to calculate the approved yield for the new growing interval. 

(b) If the change is not approved, the growing interval in effect for the previous crop 

year will remain in effect for the current crop year. However, if the change 

resulted in a reduced approved yield see Subpara. 32F(2). 

33 Shellfish Pre-Acceptance Inspection Report

The PAIR may be completed by the AIP to verify that the information provided by the insured on the 

PAW is correct or for the reasons listed below. Based on the PAIR, the AIP may adjust insurance 

coverage. If completing a PAIR, the AIP must physically inspect each growing location in the basic unit. 

PAIRs must be completed no later than 30 days after the SCD or within 30 days of the submission of a 

revised PAW. If the PAIR discloses that information provided on the PAW was incorrect or incomplete, 

the PAW must be corrected. See Exh. 6 for required elements and Exh. 8 for sample worksheet.

A. PAIR requirements

The PAIR may be initiated at the AIP’s discretion:

(1) for all new applicants and insureds transferring coverage to a different AIP;

(2) to verify adequate level of resources and management for the operation;

(3) when an insured either does not complete a PAW or does not complete a PAW in an 

acceptable manner, unless coverage is denied;

(4) when triggered by the PAW (see Subpara. 32C);

(5) when initiated by the AIP; or

(6) when requested by RMA. 

B. PAIR Completion Instructions

The AIP will complete the PAIR. The person completing the inspection must possess training 

equivalent to that of a loss adjuster.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 13

34 Commodity Report

The insured must report on the commodity report, by the CRD, all the insurable commodity for the 

applicable growing interval for the county listed on the insured’s application. See Para. 53 for the 

modifications and exceptions to the acreage report.

(1) All growing locations of the commodity in the county include, for each location, all applicable:

(a) lease identification numbers (or other applicable identification numbers); and 

(b) GPS coordinates; and

(2) The number of seeds purchased and seed size for the current crop year (as determined by the 

applicable growing interval), supported by seed purchase receipts, which include the name of 

the private or commercial shellfish nursery or hatchery.

35 Production Report

In lieu of section 3(f)(1) of the BP, the insured must provide an annual production report for the basic 

unit and applicable growing interval by the PRD. Production reports must be supported by acceptable 

production records by basic unit and by practice. In addition to requirements in the CIH Part 14, the 

corresponding seed record from the seed purchase receipts by growing interval will be required for the 

production report. The production report will be used to establish the APH database and determine 

the approved yield for the basic unit. See Para. 54 for the required element of the production report. 

See Exh. 12 for sample worksheet. 

A. Initial Crop Year

New applicants must certify at least the most recent four APH crop years of production history 

of the harvested mature commodity. In addition to the requirements of acceptable production 

report identified in the CIH, the production report must contain information for seed records

supported by seed purchased receipts for years corresponding to the production records of the 

harvested mature commodity by the applicable growing interval. 

Example: For crop year 2024 if the most recent four APH crop years of the production 

history are provided for 2020-2023, the insured must report the corresponding 

seed purchase information for at least the following years:

2019-2022 for Growing Interval I;

2018-2021 for Growing Interval II; and

2017-2020 for Growing Interval III.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 14

35 Production Report (Continued)

A. Initial Crop Year (Continued)

(1) The seed purchase receipts must contain the following information: 

(a) total seed purchased by seed size; and

(b) seed source, including the name of the private or commercial shellfish nursery or 

hatchery; 

(2) total dollar sales; and

(3) total sold mature commodity production. 

B. Subsequent Crop Years

In addition to the initial crop year requirements, the insured will report the most recent APH 

crop year. The insured may report a maximum of the most recent ten consecutive APH crop 

years of production and seed records. 

36 Shellfish APH Database

Shellfish APH Database must be completed by the PRD. The information from the production report in 

Para. 35 will be used to complete the APH database. See Para. 56 for the required elements, Exh. 13

for sample worksheet, and Para. 44 on calculations of approved yield by growing intervals. 

(1) The APH database may contain a maximum of 10 APH crop years of production records; and

(2) The number of seeds purchased and seed size for expected harvest for all APH crop years, 

supported by seed purchase receipts, which include the name of the private or commercial 

shellfish nursery or hatchery.

37-40 Reserved
September 2023 FCIC-24430 15

PART 4: APPROVED YIELD DETERMINATION

41 General Information

The approved yield is equal to the lesser of the insured’s capped yield or the expected yield for the basic 

unit. See examples on how to calculate the approved yield by the applicable growing interval for the 

basic unit in Para. 44. 

42 Capped Yield

The capped yield is the harvested average yield for the basic unit from the APH database multiplied by 

1.25. The crop years used to determine the harvested yield for a crop year is the same for each 

growing interval. The most recent 4-10 crop year will be used to calculate the harvested average yield 

for each crop year in the APH base period.

43 Expected Yield

The expected yield is the number of seeds purchased for the applicable growing interval for the current 

crop year multiplied by the adjusted mean survival rate. The number of seeds purchased for the 

current crop year will be reported on the production report. The adjusted mean survival rate will be 

calculated based on the information from the production report. The following information will be 

used to calculate the adjusted mean survival rate.

A. Observed Survival Rate

The observed survival rate is the percentage determined by dividing the harvested production 

for each APH crop year by the number of seeds purchased in the calendar year corresponding 

to the growing interval. 

Example: For Growing Interval II, divide the harvested production from the 2023 APH crop 

year by the number of seeds purchased in 2021.

Harvest Year

(APH Crop Year) Harvested SeedPurchase Year

Seed 

Purchased

Observed Survival 

Rate

2023 77,375 2021 140,000 55%

B. Standardized Survival Rate

The standardized survival rate is the insured’s observed survival rate for the applicable seed size 

for each crop year in the APH base period multiplied by the standardized survival factor for that 

seed size. If all seed sizes are the same for the current crop year and the APH crop years, the 

Standardized Survival Factor will be 100%. 
September 2023 FCIC-24430 16

43 Expected Yield (Continued)

B. Standardized Survival Rate (Continued)

Example: For Growing Interval II, the seed purchased size for the current crop year 2024 

was the same size as the seed purchased for the 2023 APH crop year. The 

standardized survival rate will be 70%. 

Harvest 

Year

(APH Crop 

Year)

Harvested

Seed 

Purchase 

Year

Seed 

Purchased

Observed 

Survival 

Rate

Seed 

Size 

Standardized 

Survival 

Factor

Standardized 

Survival Rate

2023 77,375 2022 110,000 70% 6mm 100% 70%

However, if the seed size purchased within the current crop year and the APH crop year vary,

the standardize survival factor contained in the SP will be used.

C. Standardized Survival Factor

The standardized survival factor is a percentage established by FCIC based on different seed 

sizes that are used to calculate the standardized survival rate. The seed size factors are 

contained in the SP.

The Standardized Survival Factor Conversion Table (shown below) establishes the basis for 

expected yield calculations. The table represents survival rates for various seed sizes in relation 

to the expected harvested production.

The seed sizes purchased for the current crop year shown in the first column of the table is

used to adjust the prior APH crop years for different seed sizes. If the insured purchased 

multiple seed sizes for the current crop year, use a weighted average seed size to determine 

the applicable current year seed size for the current crop year in the first column of the table.

Example 1: The insured has Growing Interval II. For expected harvest in the current crop 

year 2024, the insured purchased 50,000 8mm seeds and 70,000 12mm seeds in 

2022. The weighted average seed size would be 10.3 (50,000 seeds multiplied by 

8mm plus 70,000 seeds multiplied by 12 mm divided by the total number of 

seeds 120,000). Therefore, if the seed size for APH crop year was 8mm the 

standardized survival factor would be 103%. 

If the seed sizes vary within the same Harvest Year (APH crop year) for the seed purchased, the 

standardized survival factor will be a weighted survival factor.

Example 2: The insured has Growing Interval II. For the 2023 Harvest Year (APH crop year) 

for Growing Interval II, the seed purchased year is 2021, 50% of the seeds have a 

standardized survival factor of 100% and 50%of the seeds have a standardized 

survival factor of 80%. The standardized survival factor used to determine the 

2023 Harvest Year (APH crop year) standardized survival rate would be 90%. 
September 2023 FCIC-24430 17

43 Expected Yield (Continued)

C. Standardized Survival Factor (Continued)

Standardized Survival Factor Conversion Table

Seed Size Purchased 

for Current Crop 

Year for Applicable 

Growing Interval

Seed Size

4mm to 

less than 6 

mm for 

APH Crop 

Year

Seed Size

6mm to 

less than 8 

mm for 

APH Crop 

Year

Seed Size

8mm to 

less than 

10 mm for 

APH Crop 

Year

Seed Size

10mm to 

less than 12 

mm for APH 

Crop Year

Seed Size

12 mm or 

greater for 

APH Crop 

Year 

4mm to less than 6

mm

100% 93% 90% 87% 81%

6mm to less than 8 

mm

108% 100% 97% 93% 88%

8mm to less than 10 

mm

112% 104% 100% 97% 91%

10mm to less than 

12 mm

115% 107% 103% 100% 94%

12 mm or greater 123% 114% 110% 107% 100%

The factors in this table are used in combination with other production information by crop 

year to calculate the Adjusted Mean Survival Rate used to determine the expected yield. 

D. Adjusted Mean Survival Rate

The adjusted mean survival rate is the simple average of the standardized survival rates for the 

APH base period for the applicable growing interval that is used to determine the expected 

yield for the current crop year.

Example: For crop year 2024, the adjusted mean survival rate for Growing Interval II will be 

75%, which was the simple average of the APH crop years.

Harvest Year

(APH Crop Year) Standardized Survival Rate

2020 80%

2021 49%

2022 111%

2023 60%

Adjusted Mean Survival Rate 75%
September 2023 FCIC-24430 18

44 Example of Approved Yield Calculation by Growing Intervals 

A. Growing Interval I 

The insured purchased 120,000 seeds during the 2023 crop year for expected harvest during 

the 2024 crop year. All seeds sizes were 6mm. 

Using the Standardized Survival Factor Conversion Table, the seeds purchased in 2019 through 

2021 will apply a 100% factor, while the seeds purchased in 2022 will apply a 97% factor (8mm 

for 2023 harvest year (APH crop year) versus 6mm for 2024 crop year).

(1) Adjusted Mean Survival Rate Calculation

Harvest 

Year Harvested

Seed 

Purchase 

Year

Seed 

Purchased

Observed 

Survival 

Rate

Seed 

Size

Standardized 

Survival 

Factor

Standardized 

Survival Rate

2020 73,700 2019 80,000 92% 6mm 100% 92%

2021 60,800 2020 130,000 47% 6mm 100% 47%

2022 88,750 2021 140,000 63% 6mm 100% 63%

2023 77,375 2022 110,000 70% 8mm 97% 68%

Adjusted Mean Survival Rate 68%

The annual observed survival rates are calculated using at least the most recent four 

years of harvested records. The corresponding seed purchase record period is equal to 

the harvest record period minus 1.

For harvest years 2020-2023 minus 1 equals the seed purchase period 2019-2022. 

Additional harvest and seed purchase records may be submitted, not to exceed a 

maximum of ten crop years. The average time between planting and harvest in Growing 

Interval I is approximately one year. Once the observed survival rates are calculated, 

they are converted to standardized survival rates using the standardized survival factor. 

The adjusted mean survival rate is the simple average of standardized survival rates. 

The adjusted mean survival rate used to determine the 2024 expected yield is 68%.

(2) Expected Yield

Crop 

Year

Seed Purchase 

Year

Seed 

Purchased

Adjusted Mean Survival 

Rate

Expected 

Yield

2024 2023 120,000 68% 81,600

The expected yield is calculated by applying the adjusted mean survival rate to the seed 

purchased which are expected to be harvested during the insurance period. For 

Growing Interval I, the 2023 seed purchased would be used to calculate the 2024 

expected yield.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 19

43 Example of Approved Yield Calculation by Growing Intervals (Continued)

A. Growing Interval I (Continued)

(3) Harvested average yield used in Capped Yield calculation. 

Harvest Year (APH Crop Year) Harvested

2020 73,700

2021 60,800

2022 88,750

2023 77,375

Harvested Average Yield 75,156

(4) Approved Yield Steps:

Adjusted Mean Survival Rate = 0.68

(Average of Standardized Survival Rates)

Expected Yield = 81,600 of the commodity

(0.68 Adjusted Mean Survival Rate × 120,000 Seeds (6mm) purchased in 2023)

Capped Yield = 93,945 of the commodity

(75,156 Harvested Average Yield × 1.25)

Approved Yield = 81,600 of the commodity

(Lesser of 81,600 Expected Yield or 93,945 Capped Yield)

B. Growing Interval II

The insured purchased 110,000 seeds during the 2022 crop year for expected harvest during 

the 2024 crop year. All seed sizes were 10mm. 

Using the Standardized Survival Factor Conversion Table, the seeds purchased year in 2018

through 2021 will apply a 107% standardized survival factor.

(1) Adjusted Mean Survival Rate Calculation

Harvest 

Year Harvested

Seed 

Purchase 

Year

Seed 

Purchased

Observed 

Survival 

Rate

Seed 

Size

Standardized 

Survival 

Factor

Standardized 

Survival Rate

2020 73,700 2018 125,000 59% 6mm 107% 63%

2021 60,800 2019 80,000 76% 6mm 107% 81%

2022 88,750 2020 130,000 68% 6mm 107% 73%

2023 77,375 2021 140,000 55% 6mm 107% 59%

Adjusted Mean Survival Rate 69%
September 2023 FCIC-24430 20

44 Example of Approved Yield Calculation by Growing Intervals (Continued)

B. Growing Interval II (Continued)

The annual observed survival rates are calculated using at least the most recent four 

years of harvested records. The corresponding seed purchase record period is equal to 

the harvest record period minus 2. 

For harvest years 2020-2023 minus 2 equals the seed purchase period 2018-2021. 

Additional harvest and seed purchase records may be submitted not to exceed a 

maximum of ten crop years. The average time between planting and harvest in Growing 

Interval II is approximately two years. Once the observed survival rates are calculated, 

they are converted to standardized survival rates using the standardized survival factor. 

The adjusted mean survival rate used to determine the 2024 expected yield is 69%.

(2) Expected Yield

Crop 

Year

Seed Purchase 

Year

Seed 

Purchased

Adjusted Mean Survival 

Rate

Expected 

Yield

2024 2022 110,000 69% 75,900

The expected yield is calculated by applying the adjusted mean survival rate to the seeds 

which are expected to be harvested during the insurance period. For Growing Interval

II, the 2022 seed purchased would be used to calculate the 2024 expected yield. 

Note: For each subsequent insurance year, the seed purchase year advances by one 

year. For example, the seed purchase year for the 2024 crop year production in 

which the insured elected Growing Interval II was 2022. For the 2025 crop year 

production, the seed purchase year will be 2023.

(3) Harvested average yield used in Capped Yield calculation.

Harvest Year (APH Crop Year) Harvested

2020 73,700

2021 60,800

2022 88,750

2023 77,375

Harvested Average Yield 75,156

(4) Approved Yield Steps:

Adjusted Mean Survival Rate = 0.69

(Average of Standardized Survival Rates)
September 2023 FCIC-24430 21

44 Example of Approved Yield Calculation by Growing Intervals (Continued)

B. Growing Interval II (Continued)

Expected Yield = 75,900 of the commodity

(0.69 Adjusted Mean Survival Rate × 110,000 Seeds (10mm) purchased in 2022)

Capped Yield = 93,945 of the commodity

(75,156 Four-Year Harvested Average Yield × 1.25)

Approved Yield = 75,900 of the commodity

(Lesser of 75,900 Expected Yield or 93,945 Capped Yield) 

C. Growing Interval III

The insured purchased 140,000 seeds during the 2021 crop year for expected harvest during 

the 2024 crop year. All seeds sizes were 6mm. 

Using the Standardized Survival Factor Conversion Table, the seed purchased in 2018 through 

2021 will apply a 100% factor, while the seeds purchased in 2017 will apply a 97% factor (8 mm 

for 2020 harvest year (APH crop year) versus 6mm for 2024 insured crop year).

(1) Adjusted Mean Survival Rate Calculation

Harvest 

Year

Harvested Seed 

Purchase 

Year

Seed 

Purchased

Observed 

Survival 

Rate

Seed 

Size

Standardized 

Survival 

Factor

Standardized 

Survival Rate

2020 73,700 2017 90,000 82% 8mm 97% 80%

2021 60,800 2018 125,000 49% 6mm 100% 49%

2022 88,750 2019 80,000 111% 6mm 100% 111%

2023 77,375 2020 130,000 60% 6mm 100% 60%

Adjusted Mean Survival Rate 75%

The annual observed survival rates are calculated using at least the most recent four 

years of harvested records. The corresponding seed purchase record period is equal to 

the harvest record period minus 3. 

For harvest years 2020-2023 minus 3 equals the seed purchase period 2017-2020. 

Additional harvest and seed purchase records may be submitted not to exceed a 

maximum of ten crop years. The average time between planting and harvest in Growing 

Interval III is approximately three years. Once the observed survival rates are 

calculated, they are converted to standardized survival rates using the standardized 

survival factor. The adjusted mean survival rate used to calculate the 2024 expected 

yield is 75%. 
September 2023 FCIC-24430 22

44 Example of Approved Yield Calculation by Growing Intervals (Continued)

C. Growing Interval III (Continued)

(2) Expected Yield

Harvest Year (APH 

Crop Year)

Seed Purchase 

Year

Seed 

Purchased

Adjusted Mean 

Survival Rate

Expected 

Yield

2024 2021 140,000 75% 105,000

The expected yield is calculated by applying the adjusted mean survival rate to the seeds 

which are expected to be harvested during the insurance period. For Growing Interval

III, the 2021 seed purchased would be used to calculate the 2024 expected yield. 

Note: For each subsequent insurance year, the seed purchase year advances by one 

year. For example, the seed purchase year for the 2024 crop year production in 

which the insured elected Growing Interval III was 2021. For the 2025 crop year 

production, the seed purchase year will be 2022.

(3) Harvested average yield used in Capped Yield calculation.

Crop Year Harvested

2020 73,700

2021 60,800

2022 88,750

2023 77,375

Harvested Average Yield 75,156

(4) Approved Yield Steps:

Adjusted Mean Survival Rate = 0.75

(Average of Standardized Survival Rates)

Expected Yield = 105,000 of the commodity

(0.75 Adjusted Mean Survival Rate × 140,000 Seeds (6mm) purchased in 2021)

Capped Yield = 93,945 of the commodity

(75,156 Four-Year Harvested Average Yield × 1.25)

Approved Yield = 93,945 of the commodity

(Lesser of 105,000 Expected Yield or 93,945 Capped Yield) 

45-50 Reserved
September 2023 FCIC-24430 23

PART 5: HANDBOOKS 

51 CIH, DSSH, and GSH Applicability

Changes and additions to the CIH, DSSH, and GSH for the Shellfish Pilot Crop Insurance Program are 

described in this part. The Shellfish Pilot Crop Insurance Program is an APH PC (plan 91) Plan of 

Insurance. For purposes of the Shellfish Pilot Crop Insurance Program, references to APH have the 

same meaning as APH PC unless otherwise noted. References to crop or commodity are 

interchangeable. Any references to acres/acreage/etc., are considered as references to the 

commodity seed purchased. Any reference to yield, is considered the number of harvested matured 

commodity. All other applicable CIH, DSSH, and GSH procedures apply.

52 CIH Part 9

Producer Price Option is an option elected on or before the SCD.

53 CIH Part 12

Section 2, Para. 1211 Applicable elements of the acreage report apply to the commodity report except 

as specified or as modified below. All of the elements below are considered substantive unless 

otherwise noted. (See DSSH Exh. 24 for additional requirements of the acreage report form.)

“Plan of Insurance” Enter “91”

“Growing Interval” New field, enter the applicable growing interval number selected by 

the insured for the county.

“Options, Elections, or 

Endorsements”

If the producer price option is elected, enter “PS”. (Only substantive if 

producer price option is elected.)

“Unit Number” Enter “0001-0000BU” (only basic units are allowed).

“Unit Structure Code” Enter “BU”.

“Acreage Type” Not Applicable

“Legal Description” Not Applicable

“Field Growing Location 

Identification” 

Enter lease identification numbers (or other appliable identification 

number) and GPS coordinates for each growing location. If multiple 

growing locations, use the “Remarks” section of this form.

“Reported Acres

Number of Seed Purchased” 

Enter the number of seeds purchased for the commodity for the 

elected growing interval that will be harvested for the crop year (e.g., 

crop year 2024 Growing Interval III will report seeds purchased in 

2021).

“Seed Size” New field, enter the seed size for the seeds purchased for the 

commodity for the elected growing interval that will be harvested for 

the crop year (e.g., crop year 2024 Growing Interval III will report 

seeds purchased in 2021).

“Measurement Service” Not Applicable

“Date Planting Completed” Not Applicable

“Percentage Price Election, 

Projected Price, Amount of 

Insurance, or Protection Factor”

Enter the amount of either the elected price election or producer 

price option.

Section 2, Para. 1212 - 1218 and 1221 - 1223 are not applicable.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 24

54 CIH Part 13

Para. 1308 Applicable crop information elements of the production report apply for the shellfish 

production report except as specified or as modified. All of the elements below are considered 

substantive unless otherwise noted. See DSSH Exh. 52 for additional requirements of the production 

report form. See Exh. 12 for a sample of the form.

“Unit number” 0001-0000BU (only basic units are allowed).

“Growing Interval” New field, enter the applicable growing interval number selected by the insured 

for the county.

“Other persons” List any other persons with a share in the unit.

“Processor 

Number/Name Buyer 

name and Address” 

Enter name and address for each buyer. If additional space is required, enter 

information of a Special Report.

“FSA Farm/Tract/Field 

Number”

Not Applicable.

“Cropland Acres” Not Applicable.

“Legal Description” Not Applicable.

“Crop Year of History” Harvest Year (APH Crop Year).

“Total Production Dollar 

Sales”

Enter the dollar sales of harvested mature production for the basic unit being 

reported. Enter “0.0” if no type of the commodity is being reported for the 

crop year.

“Yield Total Sold 

Production”

Enter the harvested mature production for the basic unit being reported. Enter 

“0.0” if no type of the commodity is being reported for the crop year.

“Harvested” Enter the harvested mature production for the basic unit being reported. Enter 

“0.0” if no type of the commodity is being reported for the crop year.

“Seed Purchased Year” New field, the year the seed was purchased for the applicable growing interval

including both the applicable crop of history and the current crop year.

“Acres Number of Seed 

Purchased”

Enter the number of seeds purchased for the basic unit for the applicable 

growing interval that will be harvested for the crop year.

“Seed Size” New field, the size of the seed purchased for the applicable growing interval.

“Name of Seed Vendor” New field, list each shellfish nursery or hatchery from which the insured 

purchased seeds for the basic unit for the applicable growing interval.

“Area Classification” Not Applicable

“Current Year Number of 

Seed Purchased”

New field, enter the number of seeds purchased for the commodity for the 

elected growing interval that will be harvested for the crop year (e.g., crop year 

2024 Growing Interval II will report seeds purchased in 2022). The information 

is needed to calculate the expected yield on the APH database.

“Current Year Adjusted 

Mean Survival Rate”

New field, enter the calculated adjusted mean survival rate for the current crop 

year that will be harvested. See Part 4 on examples of how to calculate. The 

information is needed to calculate the expected yield on the APH database.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 25

55 CIH Part 14

Section 2, Para. 1411 Acceptable Verifiable Records are applicable to the Shellfish Pilot Crop Insurance 

Program. 

Section 3 is not applicable.

56 CIH Part 15

(1) Section 1, Para. 1509 is not applicable. 

(2) Section 1, Para. 1511 Applicable crop information elements of the APH database apply for the 

shellfish production report except as specified or as modified. All of the elements below are 

considered substantive unless otherwise noted. See DSSH Exh. 53 for additional requirements 

of the APH database form. See Exh. 13 for a sample of the form.

“Unit number” 0001-0000BU (only basic units are allowed).

“Growing Interval” New Field, enter the applicable growing interval number selected by the 

insured for the county.

“Legal Description” Not Applicable.

“Other persons” List any other persons with a share in the unit.

“T-Yield” Not Applicable.

“FSA Farm/Tract/Field 

Number”

Not Applicable.

“Crop Year of History” Enter the Harvest Year (APH Crop Year).

“Yield Total Production

Dollar Sales”

Enter the harvested mature production sold for the basic unit being reported. 

Enter “0.0” if no type of the commodity is being reported for the crop year. 

“Total Sold Production” New Field, enter the harvested mature production for the basic unit being 

reported. Enter “0.0” if no type of the commodity is being reported for the 

crop year.

“Harvested” Enter the harvested mature production for the basic unit being reported. 

Enter “0.0” if no type of the commodity is being reported for the crop year.

“Seed Purchased Year” New field, the year the seed was purchased for the applicable growing 

interval including both the applicable crop of history and the current crop 

year.

“Acres Number of Seed 

Purchased”

Enter the number of seeds purchased for the basic unit for the applicable 

growing interval that will be harvested for the crop year.

“Seed Size” New field, enter the size of the seed purchased for the applicable growing 

interval.

“Harvested Average Yield” Enter the yearly actual and assigned yields for the APH database and dividing 

the sum by the number of yields contained in the APH database for the 

applicable growing interval.

“Capped Yield” New field, enter average harvest yield multiplied by 1.25.

“Expected Yield” New field, enter the amount of current year number of seeds purchased 

multiplied by the current year adjusted mean survival rate from the 

production report.

“Approved Yield” The lessor of the capped yield or the expected yield.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 26

56 CIH Part 15 (Continued)

(3) Section 3: T-Yields are not applicable. 

57 CIH Part 16

(1) Sections 1, 2, 3, and 4 Yield adjustment, yield exclusion, quality loss option, and yield cups are 

not allowed.

(2) Section 5 See procedures in the PAW Para. 32F for yield reductions. 

(3) Para. 1686 Assigned Yield equal to 75 percent of the prior approved yield will apply if the 

insured does not submit acceptable seed purchase and harvest records for the recent crop year 

by the PRD. If a prior approved yield is not available, the unit will become uninsurable.

58 CIH Part 17 

The commodity insured under the Shellfish Pilot Crop Insurance Program is considered a Category B 

crop. 

(1) Section 1: Does not apply except as noted below:

Para. 1701 applies except that T-Yields are not established and used for APH purposes.

Para. 1702B applies only as related to actual and assigned yields.

Para. 1702L applies as related to approved APH yield reductions.

(2) Sections 2-9 are not applicable.

59 CIH Part 18-22 

These Parts do not apply to the commodity insured under the Shellfish Pilot Crop Insurance Program.

60 CIH Exhibit 15

The harvested production is treated as an actual yield for the basic unit. Applicable yield descriptors 

(e.g., A, P, etc.) and yield indicators apply in those instances where they are required.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 27

61 GSH, Exhibit 8A, Crop Policy Information

Add the following information for the Shellfish Pilot Crop Insurance Program to the CP information 

table, Exhibit 8A, for crops insurable under the APH plan of insurance.

APH PC 

Crops Policy Crop Provisions

LP/P

P Replant Unit of Measure

Unit(s):

Basic (B)

Optional (O)

Enterprise (E)

High-Risk 

Land Ex. 

Option

Oysters 24-BR 24-0115

Number of 

Shellfish

(Seed Purchase)

Yes No 

62-70 Reserved
September 2023 FCIC-24430 28

EXHIBITS 

Exhibit 1 Acronyms and Abbreviations

The following table contains FCIC-approved acronyms used in this handbook.

Approved Acronyms Term

AD Actuarial Documents

AIP Approved Insurance Provider

APH Actual Production History

APH PC Actual Production History Price Component

BP Basic Provisions

CAT Catastrophic Risk Protection Endorsement

CIH FCIC-18010 Crop Insurance Handbook

CP Commodity Provisions

CRD Commodity Reporting Date

DSSH FCIC-24020 Document and Supplemental Standards Handbook

FAD Final Agency Determination

FCIC USDA Federal Crop Insurance Corporation

FSA Farm Service Agency

GPS Global Positioning System

GSH FCIC-18190 General Standards Handbook

HIP-WI FCIC-24360 Hurricane Income Protection-Wind Index

LAM FCIC-25010 Loss Adjustment Manual

LASH Loss Adjustment Standards Handbook

OPI Office of Primary Interest

PAIR Pre-Acceptance Inspection Report

PAW Producer Pre-Acceptance Worksheet

PRD Production Reporting Date

RMA Risk Management Agency

SCD Sales Closing Date

SDP Shellfish Data Provisions

SP Special Provisions

T-Yield Transitional Yield

USDA United States Department of Agriculture
September 2023 FCIC-24430 29

Exhibit 2 Definitions

Actual yield: In lieu of the definition in section 1 of the BP, the total number of the commodity (which 

includes harvested and appraised mature production) as documented by production records or claims for 

indemnities for the basic unit.

Adjusted mean survival rate: The simple average of the standardized survival rates for the APH base period

for the applicable growing interval that is used to determine the insured’s expected yield for the current crop 

year.

Approved yield: In lieu of the definition in section 1 of the BP, the approved yield for the basic unit for the 

crop year is the lesser of the:

(a) average yield for the basic unit multiplied by 1.25 (referenced as the capped yield in this handbook); or

(b) expected yield. 

Assigned yield: In lieu of the definition in section 1 of the BP, an annual yield assigned according to FCIC 

approved procedures for an APH crop year when you do not file an acceptable production report, or when, 

upon request by the AIP, or any other person authorized by FCIC, you do not provide acceptable evidence of 

production and seed records to support the production report. The assigned yield will not be more than 75 

percent of the prior year’s approved yield. If an assigned yield cannot be determined due to no prior year’s 

approved yield, no coverage will be provided.

Average yield: In lieu of the definition in section 1 of the BP, the result of summing the yearly actual and 

assigned yields for the APH database and dividing the sum by the number of yields contained in the APH 

database for the applicable growing interval.

Basic unit: In lieu of the definition in section 1 of the BP, a basic unit will be all the insurable commodity type 

in the county for which the insured have a share on the date coverage begins for the crop year.

Commodity: An agricultural commodity as defined in the BP. The term commodity will have the same 

meaning as crop when referenced in applicable sections of the BP, the CP, and applicable FCIC approved 

procedures. 

Commodity report: In addition to section 6 of the BP, the report of the insured commodity in the county, 

whether insurable or not insurable. For the purposes of the CP, the commodity report functions as the acreage 

report.

Commodity reporting date: The date contained in the SP by which the insured is required to submit the 

commodity report.

Containers: Floats, bags, rafts, trays, longline systems, racks, and other off-bottom cages commonly used by 

the shellfish industry.

County loss trigger: The occurrence of an insurable cause of loss as determined in accordance with the CP and 

the SDP. A county meeting the county loss trigger will be specified in the AD. 

Crop year: In accordance with the definition in section 1 of the BP. The calendar year of expected harvest. 

Expected yield: The result of the number of seed purchased from a private or commercial nursery or hatchery 

that are placed into containers for the crop year (as determined by the applicable growing interval) multiplied 

by the adjusted mean survival rate.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 30

Exhibit 2 Definitions (Continued)

Global Positioning System (GPS): A space-based radio position, navigation, and time transfer system involving 

satellites and computers to determine the latitude and longitude of a receiver on Earth by computing the time 

difference for signals from different satellites to reach the receiver and referenced in the SP.

Growing Interval: The time between the calendar year of the seed purchased and the crop year for the 

insured commodity and county and is used to calculate the expected yield. The growing interval must be 

based on the majority of the seeds in the operation as follows: 

(a) Growing interval I – The majority of the seed is purchased one calendar year prior to the crop year 

(e.g., for crop year 2024, seeds are purchased in 2023).

(b) Growing interval II – The majority of seed is purchased two calendar years prior to the crop year (e.g., 

for crop year 2024, seeds are purchased in 2022).

(c) Growing interval III – The majority of seed is purchased three calendar years prior to the crop year 

(e.g., for crop year 2024, seeds are purchased in 2021).

Harvest: The removal of the mature commodity from the basic unit.

Maximum over established price: The upper limit to the producer price option, as shown in the AD. 

Named storms: A low pressure system as identified by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - 

National Hurricane Center including hurricanes, and nor’easters as provided in the SDP. 

Observed survival rate: The percentage determined by dividing the harvested production for each crop year

by the number of seed purchased in the calendar year corresponding to the growing interval (e.g., for Growing 

Interval II, divide the harvested production from the 2024 crop year by the number of seed purchased in 

2022).

Price election: The price election, elected by the insured by the SCD: 

(a) as defined in section 1 of the BP, shown as the established price in the AD; or

(b) the producer price option. 

Producer price option: The producer price option is calculated as the average price received by the insured

for each year in the most recent four APH crop years up to the maximum over established price. The average 

price is the total dollar sales of the commodity divided by the total number of the commodity sold for each 

crop year. 

Production guarantee: In lieu of the definition in section 1 of the BP the number of the commodity

determined by multiplying the approved yield for the basic unit by the coverage level percentage the insured

elects. 

Shellfish: Oysters and other commodities as specified in the AD.

Shellfish Data Provisions (SDP): A document that describes the methodology utilized by FCIC in identifying 

counties subject to a county loss trigger.

Standardized survival factor: A percentage established by FCIC based on different seed sizes that are used to 

calculate the insured’s standardized survival rate. The seed size factors are contained in the SP. 
September 2023 FCIC-24430 31

Exhibit 2 Definitions (Continued)

Standardized survival rate: The insured’s observed survival rate for the applicable seed size for each crop 

year in the APH base period, as specified in section 3(d)(1)(ii) of the CP, multiplied by the standardized survival 

factor for that seed size.

Type: A category of the commodity identified as a type in the SP.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 32

Exhibit 3 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Worksheet Form Standard

The Shellfish PAW form elements are in this exhibit. The completion instructions are in Exh. 4 and the form 

sample is in Exh. 5. 

A. General Information

Item

# Element Substantive/ Non-Substantive

1 “Applicant/Insured” Substantive

2 “Address of Applicant/Insured” Substantive

3 “Phone Number of Applicant/Insured” Substantive

4 “Agent Name” Substantive

5 “Agent Address” Substantive

6 “Crop Year” Substantive

7 “Commodity” Substantive

8 “State and County” Substantive

9 “Policy Number” Substantive

10 “Unit Number” Substantive

11 “Growing Interval” Substantive

12 “Original or Revised PAW” Substantive

B. Crop Information

Create a table for the following columns.

Item

# Element Substantive/ Non-Substantive

1 “Growing Locations” Substantive

2 “Type” Substantive

3 “Practice” Substantive

4 “Cultural Practices and Production Method” Substantive

5 “Total Number of Containers” Substantive

6 “Number of Containers in Production” Substantive

7 “Expected Production” Substantive

8 “Month and Year Seeded” Substantive
September 2023 FCIC-24430 33

Exhibit 3 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Worksheet Form Standard (Continued)

C. Required Question and Remarks

Item

# Element Substantive/ Non-Substantive

1 “Change In Cultural Practices or Production Methods” Substantive

2 “Change In Growing Locations” Substantive

3 “Change In Growing Interval” Substantive

4 “Remarks” Substantive

D. Required Statements

Item

# Element Substantive/ Non-Substantive

1 Certification Statement

Note: See DSSH Para. 502

Substantive

2 Privacy Act Statement

Note: See DSSH Para. 501

Substantive

3 Non-Discrimination Policy Statement

Note: See DSSH Para. 503

Substantive

E. Required Signatures

Item

# Element Substantive/ Non-Substantive

1 Signature of Applicant/Insured Substantive

2 Signature of Approved Insurance Provider (AIP) Representative Substantive
September 2023 FCIC-24430 34

Exhibit 4 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Worksheet Completion Instructions

Element Required Information

1. “Applicant/Insured” Enter the name of the applicant or insured as it appears on the 

application for insurance.

2. “Address of 

Applicant/Insured”

Enter the address of the applicant/insured.

3. “Phone Number of 

Applicant/Insured”

Enter the area code and telephone number at which the applicant or 

insured can be reached during normal business hours.

4. “Agent Name” Enter the agent’s name.

5. “Agent Address” Enter the address and phone number of the agent who services or 

will service this policy, as applicable.

6. “Crop Year” Enter the crop year for which the worksheet is being completed.

7. “Commodity” Enter the commodity listed in the AD (e.g., oysters).

8. “State and County” Enter the name of the state and county shown on the insured’s 

application.

9. “Policy Number” Enter the policy number from the most recent Policy Confirmation. 

In the case of a new applicant, enter only the 2-digit state and 3-digit 

county code, e.g., XX-XXX.

10. “Unit Number” Enter the unit number 0001-0000BU. (Only basic units are allowed 

as defined in the CP.)

11. “Growing Interval” Enter the applicable growing interval as specified in the SP. If there 

is a change in growing interval, note the prior growing interval and 

applicable crop year(s).

12. “Original or Revised PAW” Check the applicable block.

(check one) □ Original □ Revised

13. “Growing Locations” Enter lease identification numbers (or other appliable identification 

number) and GPS coordinates for each growing location. If multiple 

growing locations, use the “Remarks” section of this form.

14. “Type” Enter the applicable type as specified in the AD.

15. “Practice” Enter the applicable practice as specified in the AD.

16. “Cultural Practices and 

Production Method”

Enter the applicable cultural practices and production method. If this 

is a change in cultural practice or production method note the prior 

cultural practice or production method. (i.e., floating bags, floating 

cages, Austrian long line, etc.)

17. “Total Number of 

Containers”

Enter the total number of containers (this includes containers that 

are both in production and not in production).

18. “Number of Containers in 

Production” 

Enter the number of containers in production for each growing 

location. Explain in the “Remarks” if different from the total number 

of containers.

19. “Expected Production” Enter the expected harvest of the commodity produced. Explain in 

the “Remarks” if different from the previous crop year.

20. “Month and Year Seeded” Enter the quantity seeded for each month and year.

 
September 2023 FCIC-24430 35

Exhibit 4 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Worksheet Completion Instructions (Continued)

Element Required Information

21. “Change In Cultural 

Practices or 

Production 

Methods”

Check the applicable block for changes in cultural practices/production 

methods. 

(check one) Yes or No

22. “Change In Growing 

Locations”

Check the applicable block for changes in growing locations.

(check one) Yes or No

23. “Change In Growing 

Interval”

Check the applicable block for changes in growing interval.

(check one) Yes or No

24. “Remarks” Enter notes pertinent to the operation’s certification, such as the source of 

information used to complete the worksheet, change in total number of 

containers, and method of determining number of expected productions. In 

addition, if any of the commodity did not meet the insurability requirements 

enter the details.

Attach the seed purchase receipts for the current crop year as determined by 

the applicable growing interval (i.e., for crop year 2024 and Growing Interval 

II, the insured must submit all seed purchase receipts from the 2022 calendar 

year). Seed purchased receipts must include the following: 

(1) insured’s name,

(2) commodity,

(3) date of purchase,

(4) the number of seeds purchased by seed size, and

(5) the name of the private or commercial shellfish nursery or hatchery. 

Attach For each growing location, aerial photograph(s) or acceptable GIS/GPS 

map(s), or other legible map(s) delineating lease boundaries and where the 

insured’s commodity is planted including - site identification including lease 

identification numbers (or other applicable identification numbers), and GPS 

coordinates. 
September 2023 FCIC-24430 36

Exhibit 5 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Worksheet Sample

SHELLFISH PRODUCER PRE-ACCEPTANCE WORKSHEET (FOR ILLUSTRATION PURPOSES ONLY)
September 2023 FCIC-24430 37

Exhibit 6 Shellfish Pre-Acceptance Inspection Report Form Standard

The Shellfish PAIR form elements are in this exhibit. The completion instructions are in Exh. 7 and the form 

sample is in Exh. 8. 

A. General Information

Item

# Element Substantive/ Non-Substantive

1 “Applicant/Insured” Substantive

2 “Address of Applicant/Insured” Substantive

3 “Phone Number of Applicant/Insured” Substantive

4 “Crop Year” Substantive

5 “Commodity” Substantive

6 “State and County” Substantive

7 “Policy Number” Substantive

8 “Unit Number” Substantive

9 “Growing Interval” Substantive

10 “Is the operation managed by the applicant or insured?” Substantive

B. Crop Information

Create a table for the following columns.

Item

# Element Substantive/ Non-Substantive

1 “Growing Locations” Substantive

2 “Type” Substantive

3 “Practice” Substantive

4 “Cultural Practices and Production Method” Substantive

5 “Total Number of Containers” Substantive

6 “Number of Containers in Production” Substantive

7 “Expected Production” Substantive

8 “Month and Year Seeded” Substantive
September 2023 FCIC-24430 38

Exhibit 6 Shellfish Pre-Acceptance Inspection Report Form Standard (Continued)

C. Required Question and Remarks

Item

# Element Substantive/ Non-Substantive

1 “Number of closures or quarantines.” Substantive

2 “Is the commodity located in an area suitable to produce the 

insured commodity?”

Substantive

3 “Adequate operation personnel” Substantive

4 “Adequate equipment and condition” Substantive

5 “Water Quality Conditions” Substantive

6 “Predator Conditions Above Normal” Substantive

7 “Disease Conditions Above Normal” Substantive

8 “Note condition of the units owned or operated by the applicant 

or insured in the county(ies) shown on the application.”

Substantive

9 “Result of Inspection” Substantive

10 “Remarks” Substantive

11 “Is application recommended for acceptance?” Substantive

D. Required Signatures

Item

# Element Substantive/ Non-Substantive

1 “Adjuster Code Number” Substantive

2 “Adjuster Signature, Printed Name, and Date Substantive

3 “Supervisor Printed Name, Signature and Date” Substantive

4 “Supervisor Telephone Number” Substantive
September 2023 FCIC-24430 39

Exhibit 7 Shellfish Pre-Acceptance Inspection Report Completion Instructions

Element Required Information

1. “Applicant/Insured” Enter the name of the applicant or insured as it appears on the 

application for insurance.

2. “Address of Applicant/Insured” Enter the address of the applicant/insured.

3. “Phone Number of 

Applicant/Insured”

Enter the area code and telephone number at which the applicant 

or insured can be reached during normal business hours.

4. “Crop Year” Enter the crop year for which the worksheet is being completed.

5. “Commodity” Enter the commodity listed in the AD (e.g., oysters).

6. “State and County” Enter the name of the state and county shown on the insured’s 

application.

7. “Policy Number” Enter the policy number from the most recent Policy 

Confirmation. In the case of a new applicant, enter only the 2-

digit state and 3-digit county code, e.g., XX-XXX.

8. “Unit Number” Enter the unit number 0001-0000BU. (Only basic units are 

allowed as defined in the CP.)

9. “Growing Interval” Enter the applicable growing interval as specified in the SP. If 

there is a change in growing interval, note the prior growing 

interval and applicable crop year(s).

10. “Is the operation managed by 

the applicant or insured?” 

(Check one) Yes or No

If “No,” enter manager’s name, address, and telephone number.

11. “Growing Locations” Enter lease identification numbers (or other appliable 

identification number) and GPS coordinates for each growing 

location. If multiple growing locations, use the “Remarks” section 

of this form.

12. “Type” Enter the applicable type as specified in the AD.

13. “Practice” Enter the applicable practice as specified in the AD.

14. “Cultural Practices and 

Production Method”

Enter the applicable cultural practices and production method. If 

this is a change in cultural practice or production method note the 

prior cultural practice or production method. (i.e., floating bags, 

floating cages, Austrian long line, etc.)
September 2023 FCIC-24430 40

Exhibit 7 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Inspection Report Completion Instructions (Continued)

Element Required Information

15. “Total Number of 

Containers”

Enter the total number of containers (this includes containers that are 

both in production and not in production).

16. “Number of Containers 

in Production”

Enter the number of containers in production for each growing location. 

Explain in the “Remarks” if different from the total number of containers.

17. “Expected Production” Enter the expected harvest of the commodity produced. Explain in the 

“Remarks” if different from the previous crop year.

18. “Month and Year 

Seeded”

Enter the quantity seeded for each month and year.

19. “Number of closures or 

quarantines.”

Enter the number of closures or quarantines. Enter “None” if no closures or 

quarantine.

20. “Is the commodity 

located in an area 

suitable to produce the 

insured commodity?”

((Check one) Yes or No

If “No,” explain the general conditions, where the commodity is physically 

located and why the area is not suitable to produce the commodity.

Enter additional comments in “Remarks.”

21. “Adequate operation 

personnel” 

Enter “Acceptable” if adequate personnel are available to manage the 

operation. Enter “Unacceptable” if adequate personnel are not available. 

Explain in Remarks if “Unacceptable.”

22. “Adequate equipment 

and condition”

Enter “Acceptable” if adequate equipment is in good condition (i.e., free of 

fouling, mechanical, etc.) and is available to produce the expected number 

of the commodity. Enter “Unacceptable” if adequate equipment is not in 

good condition or is not available. Explain in Remarks if “Unacceptable.”

23. “Water Quality 

Conditions” 

Enter “Acceptable” if water quality conditions indicate adequate 

nutritional level and water flow. Enter “Unacceptable” if water quality 

conditions indicate inadequate nutritional level and water flow. AIP may 

use local water reports to make the determination. Explain in “Remarks “if 

“Unacceptable.”

24. “Predator Conditions 

Above Normal”

Enter “No” if predator conditions are normal. Enter “Yes” if predator 

conditions are above normal. Explain in “Remarks” if “Yes.”

25. “Disease Conditions 

Above Normal”

Enter “No” if disease conditions are normal. Enter “Yes” if disease 

conditions are above normal. Explain in “Remarks“ if “Yes.”
September 2023 FCIC-24430 41

Exhibit 7 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Inspection Report Completion Instructions (Continued)

Element Required Information

26. “Note condition of the 

units owned or 

operated by the 

applicant or insured in 

the county(ies) shown 

on the application.”

Note the condition of the commodity in the units owned or operated by

the insured. 

See elements 10-24 in evaluating the condition of the unit.

Enter “Acceptable” or “Unacceptable.”

If necessary, enter additional comments in “Remarks.”

27. “Result of Inspection” Check “No” if: There are no indications of a change or inconsistency in the 

information reported on the PAW.

Check “Yes” if: There are changes needed to the information reported on 

the PAW.

28. “Remarks” Note any of the following:

(a) Any unusual conditions found; and

(b) Any reasons for not recommending insurance coverage.

If more space is needed, enter additional information on a Statement of 

Facts form and attach it to the inspection report.

29. “Is application 

recommended for 

acceptance?”

(Check one) Yes or No
September 2023 FCIC-24430 42

Exhibit 8 Shellfish Producer Pre-Acceptance Inspection Report Sample

SHELLFISH PRE-ACCEPTANCE INSPECTION REPORT (FOR ILLUSTRATION PURPOSES ONLY)
September 2023 FCIC-24430 43

Exhibit 9 Producer Price Option Worksheet Form Standard

The Producer Price Option Worksheet form elements are in this exhibit. The completion instructions are in 

Exh. 10 and the form sample is in Exh. 11. 

A. General Information

Item # Element Substantive/ Non-Substantive

1 “Applicant/Insured” Substantive

2 “Address of Applicant/Insured” Substantive

3 “Phone Number of Applicant/Insured” Substantive

4 “Agent Name” Substantive

5 “Agent Address” Substantive

6 “Crop Year” Substantive

7 “State and County” Substantive

8 “Policy Number” Substantive

9 “Commodity” Substantive

10 “Type” Substantive

11 “Practice” Substantive

12 “Unit Number” Substantive

13 “Growing Interval” Substantive

B. Crop Information

Create a table for the following columns for the prior most recent four crop years.

Item # Element Substantive/ Non-Substantive

1 “Harvest Year” Substantive

2 “Total Sold Production” Substantive

3 “Total Dollar Sales” Substantive

4 “Producer Yearly Average Price” Substantive

5 “Four-Year Average Price” Substantive

C. Required Statements

Item # Element Substantive/ Non-Substantive

1 Certification Statement

Note: See DSSH Para. 502

Substantive 

2 Privacy Act Statement

Note: See DSSH Para. 501

Substantive 

3 Non-Discrimination Policy Statement

Note: See DSSH Para. 503

Substantive

D. Required Signatures

Item # Element Substantive/ Non-Substantive

1 “Signature of Applicant/Insured” Substantive

2 “Signature of Approved Insurance Provider (AIP) Representative” Substantive
September 2023 FCIC-24430 44

Exhibit 10 Producer Price Option Worksheet Completion Instructions

A. General Information

Element Required Information

1. “Applicant/Insured” Enter the name of the applicant or insured as it appears on the 

application for insurance.

2. “Address of 

Applicant/Insured”

Enter the address of the applicant/insured.

3. “Phone Number of 

Applicant/Insured”

Enter the area code and telephone number at which the applicant or 

insured can be reached during normal business hours.

4. “Agent Name” Enter the agent’s name.

5. “Agent Address” Enter the address and phone number of the agent who services or 

will service this policy, as applicable.

6. “Crop Year” Enter the crop year for which the worksheet is being completed.

7. “State and County” Enter the name of the state and county shown on the insured’s 

application.

8. “Policy Number” Enter the policy number from the most recent Policy Confirmation. 

In the case of a new applicant, enter only the 2-digit state and 3-

digit county code, e.g., XX-XXX.

9. “Commodity” Enter the commodity listed in the AD (e.g., oysters).

10. “Type” Enter the applicable commodity type as specified in the SP and 

commodity type code.

11. “Practice” Enter the applicable practice as specified in the SP and practice 

code.

12. “Unit Number” Enter the unit number 0001-0000BU. (Only basic units are allowed 

as defined in the CP.)

13. “Growing Interval” Enter the applicable growing interval as specified in the SP. If there 

is a change in growing interval, note the prior growing interval and 

applicable crop year(s).

14. Harvest Year Enter the harvest year (APH crop year) for the applicable records.

15. Total Sold Production Enter the total number of the commodity sold from the unit for the 

harvest year.

16. Total Dollar Sales Enter the total dollar sales from the unit for the harvest year.

17. Producer Yearly Average 

Price

Enter result of dividing item 3 (Total Dollar Sales) by item 2 (Total 

Sold Production) for the harvest year.

18. Four-Year Average Price Enter result of averaging the results in item 4 (Producer Yearly 

Average Price).
September 2023 FCIC-24430 45

Exhibit 11 Producer Price Option Worksheet Sample

PRODUCER PRICE OPTION WORKSHEET (FOR ILLUSTRATION PURPOSES ONLY) 

Round to the nearest whole percent.

Assume the price election published in the AD is $0.62 and the maximum over established price published in the 

AD is $0.77. The producer price option is capped at $0.71.

Note: Total Sold Production and Total Dollar Sales will also be collected on the APH Database form. 
September 2023 FCIC-24430 46

Exhibit 12 Production Report Sample

Required elements are listed in Para. 54 as exceptions or modifications to the production report. The sample production report below is only for 

the crop information portion of the form. See DSSH Exhibit 52 for insured information, required statements, and required signatures on the 

production report.

PRODUCTION REPORT (FOR ILLUSTRATION PURPOSES ONLY) 

The initial year of insurance will require at least 4 APH crop years.

The Current Year (2024) Number of Seed Purchased of 110,000 and the Current Year (2024) Adjusted Mean Survival Rate 0.69 will be used to 

calculate the expected value of 75,900 on the APH Database form. See Subpara. 44B to determine how to calculate the Adjusted Mean Survival 

Rate for Growing Interval II.
September 2023 FCIC-24430 47

Exhibit 13 APH Database Sample

APH Database example for Growing Interval II. 

Yield 

Commodity 

Year

(Crop Year of 

History)

Seed

Purchased 

Year

Number of Seed 

Purchased

 (Yield Acreage) 

Seed

Size

Total Dollar Sales 

(Annual Production) 

Total Sold 

Production

Yield 

Descriptor

(Yield Type 

Code)

Harvested

(Annual Yield) 

2020 2018 125,000 6mm $52,475 73,700 A 73,700

2021 2019 80,000 6mm $45,250 60,800 A 60,800

2022 2020 130,000 6mm $59,870 88,750 A 88,750

2023 2021 140,000 6mm $55,550 77,375 A 77,375

Harvested Average Yield 75,156

Expected Yield 75,900

Capped Yield 93,945

Approved Yield 75,900 

The amount to calculate the expected yield (current year number of seeds purchased multiplied by the current year adjusted mean survival rate) 

are on the production report. See Exh. 12 and Subpara. 44B for additional information on the calculations.