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**EPA REGISTRATION DIVISION -**  **COMPANY NOTICE OF FILING FOR PESTICIDE PETITION**  **EPA Registration Division contact: Sidney Jackson (703) 305 -**  **7610 Interregional Research Project Number 4 (IR** **- 4)**  **Pesticide Petition Number: PP** **# 3E8212**  EPA has received a pesticide petition **( PP** **# 3E8212**  **)** from **IR -** **4 Project Headquarters, Rutgers, The State University of NJ** **, 500 College Road East, Suite**  **201 W, Princeton, NJ 08540** proposing, pursuant to section 408(d) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), 21 U.S.C. 346a(d), to amend 40 CFR part 180.361 b y establishing a tolerance for residues of **the herbicide pendimethalin,**  **[ N**  **- (1**  **- ethylpropyl)**  **- 3,4**  **- dimethyl** **- 2,6** **- dinitr** **obenzenamine], and its metabolite, 4 -**  **[(1 -**  **ethylpropyl)amino] -** **2 -**  **methyl -** **3,5 -**  **dinitrobenzyl alcohol, calculated as the stoichiometric equivalent of pendimethalin,**  in or on the raw agricultural commodities **berry, low growing subgroup 13 -**  **07G** at **0.1** ppm parts per million (ppm) , **fruit, citrus, group 10**  **- 10**  at **0.1** ppm, **fruit, pome, group 11 -**  **10** at **0.1** ppm, **fruit, stone, group 12 -**  **12** at **0.1** ppm, **hops, dried cones** at **0.1, onion, bulb subgroup 3**  **- 07A**  at **0.1** ppm, **onion, green subgroup 3**  **- 07B**  at **0.2** ppm, **sunflower subgroup 20B** at **0 .1**  ppm , and **vegetable, fruiting, group 8**  **- 10**  at **0.1** ppm . **In addition, the petitioner proposes based upon the establishment of new tolerances above, remov** **al of existing tolerances at 40 CFR**  **180.361 on fruit, citrus, group 10**  at **0.1** ppm, **fruit, pome, gr oup 11**  at **0.1** ppm, **fruit, stone, group 12**  at **0.1** ppm, **garlic at 0.1 ppm, leek at 0.20 ppm, onion, bulb**  at **0.1** ppm, **onion, green** at **0.2 0**  ppm, **onion, welsh at 0.20 ppm, shallot at 0.2,**  **strawberry at 0.10 ppm,**  **sunflower s eed**  at **0.1** ppm and **vegetable, fruiting, group 8**  at **0.10** ppm . EPA has determined that the petition contains data or information regarding the elements set forth in section 408 (d)(2) of the FDDCA; however, EPA has not fully evaluated the sufficiency

of the submitted data at this time or whether the data support granting of the petition. Additional data may be needed before EPA rules on the petition. A. Residue Chemistry 1. Plant metabolism. **The qualitative nature of the residues of pendimethalin in plants is understood based on adequate**  **studies conducted with 14 C pendimethalin on various crops. Pendimethalin and its**  **and its metabolite, 4**  **- [(1**  **- ethylpropyl)amino]**  **- 2**  **- methyl** **- 3,5**  **- dinitrobenzyl alcohol**  **are the residues of concern .**  2. Analytical method. **Section 408 (b)(3) of the amended FDCA requires EPA**  **to determine that there is a practical method for detecting and measuring levels of the pesticide chemical residue in or on food and that the tolerance be set at a level at**  **or above of the limit of detection of the designated method. In plant s the method is**  **aqueous organic solvent extraction, column clean up, and quantitation by GC. The method has a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.05 ppm for pendimethalin and the**  **alcohol metabolite.**2 3. Magnitude of residues. **Field trials in major growing a reas were carried out**  **in order to determine the magnitude of residues in the hops commodities. Field trials were carried out using the maximum number of applications, the maximum**  **label rate and shortest pre -**  **harvest interval (PHI) . No field trial data were**  **generated in order to determine the magnitude of residues in raw agricultural commodities in**  **crop groups 8, 10, 11, and 12, or in crop subgroups 3 -**  **07A, 3 -**  **07B or 13 -**  **07G, and 20B as EPA has determined that the tolerance on these crop commodities may be**  **safel y extrapolated from the established tolerances for the respective crop groupings**  **and crop subgroups. EPA has determined that the petition contains data or information regarding the above aforementioned crops.**  B. Toxicological Profile 1. Acute toxicity. **Pendimethalin technical demonstrates low acute toxicity via the oral, dermal, and inhalation routes of exposure. The acute toxicity studies place**  **technical pendimethalin in toxicity category III for the acute oral, category IV for acute dermal, and catego**  **ry IV for acute inhalation. Technical pendimethalin is category IV for skin irritation and category III for eye irritation. Pendimethalin did**  **not cause skin sensitization in guinea pigs. Two formulated end use products are registered for use on crops, an**  **Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC) and an Encapsulated Suspension (CS). The EC has an acute oral category of III, acute dermal category**  **of III, an acute inhalation category of III, eye and skin irritation of III, and is not a dermal sensitizer. The CS has an**  **acute oral category of IV, an acute dermal category of IV, an acute inhalation category of IV, eye and skin irritation category**  **of IV, and is not a dermal sensitizer.** 2. Genotoxicty. **Extensive mutagenicity**  **studies conducted**  **to investigate**  **point and**  **gene mutations,**  **DNA damage**  **and chromosomal**  **aberration, both**  **using in**  **vitro and in vivo test systems demonstrate pendimethalin to be non**  **- genotoxic.**  **Pendimethalin has been classified as a Group C "possible human carcinogen," based on a statistically significan** **tly increased incidence of benign follicular cell adenomas of the thyroid gland in male and female rats at 5000 ppm (250**  **milligram/kilogram body weight ( mg/kg b.w.**  **) /day) (highest concentration tested).**  **For risk assessment, the EPA**  **recommends using the RfD (non**  **- linear) approach for**  **quantification of human risk. The Agency has determined that the hypothesis, that benign thyroid tumors associated with pendimethalin are due to a thyroid** **- pituitary**  **imbalance, can be supported. Finally, pendimethalin's mechanis m of threshold**  **oncogenic activity only occurs at high doses in rats, a mammalian species that is expected to be much more sensitive than humans to the induction of thyroid tumors**  **via conditions which result in hypothyroidism .**  3. Reproductive and developm ental toxicity. **Pendimethalin is not a selective developmental toxicant. There is no indication of increased susceptibility following**  **prenatal/postnatal exposure to pendimethalin.**3

**In a developmental (teratology) toxicity study in the rat, the results d emonstrated**  **that the no**  **- observed adverse effect level (** **NOAEL )**  **s for both maternal toxicity and fetal (prenatal)/developmental toxicity were 500 mg/kg b.w./day** **, highest dose tested**  **(HDT). In addition, there were no indications of any teratogenic effects in the rat**  **fetuses at 500 mg/kg b.w./day (HDT). Therefore, pendimethalin is considered to be neither a developmental toxicant nor a teratogenic agent in the rat.**  **In a developmental (teratology) toxicity study in the rabbit, the results demonstrated the NO** **AEL for maternal toxicity was 30 mg/kg b.w./day, based on increased clinical signs of toxicity and decreased body weight gain during the**  **treatment period at 60 mg/kg b.w./day (HDT). The NOAEL for fetal (prenatal)/developmental toxicity was 60 mg/kg b.w./d**  **ay (HDT). In addition, there were no indications of any teratogenic effects in the rabbit fetuses at 60 mg/kg**  **b.w./day. Therefore, pendimethalin is considered to be neither a developmental toxicant nor a teratogenic agent in the rabbit.**  **A two -**  **generation reproductive toxicity study in the rat demonstrated an absence of increased sensitivity for the developing offspring to pendimethalin. The NOAEL for**  **parental toxicity was 500 ppm (approximately 38.5 mg/kg b.w./day), based on reduced food**  **consumption and decreased body weight/weight gain at 2500 ppm (mid** **- dietary concentration). The NOAEL for pup/offspring toxicity was also 500**  **ppm, based on decreased pup body weight gain at 2500 ppm. Lastly, the NOAEL for reproductive toxicity was 2500 pp**  **m (approximately 194 mg/kg b.w./day), based on reduced mean live litter size at 5000 ppm**  **( H** **D T** **) . These reductions in mean live**  **litter size and pup body weight gain were only observed at dietary concentrations that were parentally toxic. As such, there is**  **no evidence that prenatal or postnatal exposure to pendimethalin results in an increased sensitivity to developing offspring.**  4. Sub

- chronic toxicity. **Sub -**  **chronic (90 -**  **day) feeding studies were conducted in rats and dogs. For the rat, the NOAEL for syste**  **mic toxicity was 500 ppm (41 mg/kg b.w./day), based on slightly decreased body weight, increased absolute and**  **relative liver weights, and liver histopathology (hepatocellular hypertrophy) in males and females at 5000 ppm (H** **D T). For the dog, the NOAEL for**  **systemic toxicity was 2500 ppm (62.5 mg/kg b.w./day), based on decreased body weight at**  **10000 ppm (250 mg/kg b.w./day) .**  5. Chronic toxicity. **The chronic Reference Dose (RfD) was established based on the results of sub**  **- chronic special studies demonstratin**  **g the thyroid hormone related endpoint in rats. The NOAEL of 10 mg/kg b.w./day was established from**  **the collective results of the sub -**  **chronic oral 92 -**  **day thyroid function study, the sub**   ** chronic oral 56****- day thyroid function study, and the 14**  **- day intrathyro**  **idal metabolism study. A**  **lowest -**  **observed adverse effect level ( LOAEL** **) of 31 mg/kg**  **b.w./day was based on hormonal and histopathological changes in the thyroid gland. The chronic RfD was calculated to be 0.3 mg/kg b.w./day using an Uncertainty**  **Factor (UF) of 30X (3X for interspecies extrapolation and 10X for intraspecies**  **variability). EPA currently recommends a FQPA Safety Factor of 1X. Therefore, the chronic Population Adjusted Dose (PAD) is 0.3 mg/kg b.w./day.** 4

**Chronic toxicity studies were conducted in rats, mice, and dogs. For the 2**  **- year rat**  **feeding study, the NOAEL for systemic toxicity was 500 ppm (25 mg/kg b.w./day), based on decreased body weight gain (approximately 20**  **- 30%), increased clinical**  **signs of toxicity, increased relative liver weights, a nd slight but statistical increase in**  **the incidence of benign follicular cell adenomas of the thyroid gland in males and females at 5000 ppm (250 mg/kg b.w./day) (H** **D T). For the 18**  **- month mouse feeding**  **study, the NOAEL for systemic toxicity was 500 ppm (75 mg/kg b.w./day), based on**  **slightly decreased mean body weights and reduced survival at 5000 ppm (750 mg/kg b.w./day) (H** **D T). There were no oncogenic effects up to 5**  **000 ppm (750 mg/kg b.w./day) (HD**  **T). Lastly, for the 1 -** **year oral (via gelatin capsules) chro nic dog study,**  **the NOAEL for systemic toxicity was 200 mg/kg b.w./day, the highest dose tested .**  6. Animal metabolism. **Adequate goat and poultry metabolism studies are available for pendimethalin. The Agency has determined that there is no reasonable**  **expe ctation of finite pendimethalin residues of concern in animal commodities as a**  **result of use on multiple crops. In the rat, pendimethalin is metabolized mainly through oxidation of the 4**  **- methyl**  **group attached to the benzene ring as well as oxidation of t he alkyl side chain of the**  **N -**  **substituted dinitroaniline compound. When C14 -** **pendimethalin is administered to rates, about 70% of the radioactivity is excreted in feces and 20% is in the urine**  **within 24 hours. Within 96 hours, the radioactivity found in th e tissues was 0.3 ppm**  **or less, except fat which is 0.9 ppm. The major portion of the radioactivity that was excreted in the feces was identified as the parent compound.**  7. Metabolite toxicology

. **The main pendimethalin plant metabolite, CL 202347, has been tested for toxicity. The acute oral toxicity in mice was determined**  **to be 2140 mg/kg bw. An Ames assay showed the metabolite to be non -**  **mutagenic.** 8. Endocrine disruption

. **It is known that pendimethalin affects the hypothalamus**  **- pituitary** **- thyroid axis. However, as the chronic RfD (0.3 mg/kg**  **b.w./day) is based on the thyroid hormone related endpoint in rats, as noted in the sub**  **- chronic special studies in Section 5 above, whic**  **h additionally demonstrated reversibility of the thyroid effects in the oral 56** **- day thyroid function study, these**  **effects are already taken into consideration in the characterization of potential risks to humans.**  C. Aggregate Exposure 1. Dietary exposure. **Pen dimethalin is a pre** **- emergent herbicide used to**  **control broadleaf and grass weeds in food and non -** **food crops, as well as non**   ** agricultural use sites including residential lawns. In examining aggregate exposure,** **FQ PA directs EPA to consider available in**  **formation concerning exposures from the pesticide residue in food and water (dietary) and all other non**  **- occupational**  **exposures. The primary non -** **food sources of exposure are through pesticide use in gardens, lawns, or buildings (residential and other indoor**  **uses). The potential for**5

**aggregate exposure from all registered and proposed uses is discussed below .**  i. Food. **An assessment**  **was conducted**  **to evaluate**  **the potential**  **risk due**  **to chronic**  **dietary exposure**  **of the**  **U.S. population**  **to residues**  **of pendimethalin**  **. T**  **he current tolerance values are listed in the U.S. 40 CFR § 180.361.**  **This analysis included all the crops with established tolerance values as of October 2012, and the proposed new tolerances for hops, dried cones**  **at 1.0 ppm. Also, proposed new crop**  **group tolerances to replace current existing pendimethalin tolerances. The current existing tolerances to be replaced are garlic**  **at 0.1 ppm, leek**  **at 0.20 ppm, onion**  **- bulb**  **at 0.10 ppm, onion**  **- green**  **at 0.20 ppm, shallot**  **at 0.20 ppm,**  **onion -** **welsh at**  **0.20 ppm, strawberry**  **at 0.10 ppm, vegetable** **- fruiting group 8**  **at 0.10**  **ppm, fruit ,**  **citrus group 10 at**  **0.10 ppm, fruit ,**  **pome group 11 at**  **0.10 ppm, fruit****** **stone group 12 at**  **0.10 ppm, and sunflower seed at**  **0.1 ppm. The proposed new crop group tolerances are onion**  **, bulb subgroup 3**  **- 07A**  **at 0.10 ppm, onion**  **- green**  **subgroup 3 -**  **07B at**  **0.20 ppm, berry , low growing**  **subgroup 13 -**  **07G at**  **0.10 ppm, vegetable** **- fruiting group 8**  **- 10**  **at 0.10 ppm, fruit** **- citrus group 10**  **- 10, fruit** **, pome**  **group 11 -**  **10 at**  **0.10 ppm, fruit ,**  **stone group 12 -**  **12 at**  **0 .10 ppm, and sunflower**  **subgroup at**  **0.1 ppm. Acute Dietary (food + drinking water) Exposure Assessment**  **An acute**  **dietary risk**  **assessment for**  **females ,**  **age 13** 

**– 49**  **years old**  **, is**  **not required**  **by EPA**  **because there**  **is no**  **relevant toxicological**  **endpoints for**  **po pulation**  **sub**   ** group.** **E PA**  **has determined**  **that an**  **acute dietary**  **assessment is**  **required for**  **all other**  **populations. The**  **acute population**  **adjusted dose**  **(aPAD) is**  **1 mg** **a i/kg**  **bw/day based**  **on a**  **NOAEL =**  **100 mg/kg**  **bw/day and**  **a total**  **safety factor**  **of 100.**  **T he**  **acute dietary**  **exposure to**  **pendimethalin residues**  **was low**  **for all**  **populations. T**  **he most**  **highly exposure**  **sub -** **populations was**  **infants (<**  **1 year**  **old) and**  **utilized only**  **1.8% aPAD.**  **Chronic Dietary (food + water) Exposure Assessment The**  **chronic dietary**  **exposure est** **im ates**  **were based**  **on established**  **and proposed**  **tolerance values,**  **and 100%**  **crop treated**  **( CT** **) values.**  **Default process**  **factors were**  **used with**  **consumption data**  **from the**  **USDA Continuing**  **Survey of**  **Food Intake**  **by Individuals**  **(CSFII 1994**  **- 1996,**  **1998). T**  **he EPA**  **Foo d**  **Commodity Ingredient**  **Database (FCID)**  **was also**  **used in**  **Exponent's Dietary**  **Exposure Evaluation**  **Module (DEEM** **- FCID) software.**  **Dietary exposure**  **estimates were**  **compared against**  **the chronic**  **Population Adjusted**  **Dose (cPAD)**  **of 0.3**  **mg/kg b.w./day**  **for all**  **popula tions**  **subgroups. Results**  **of the**  **chronic dietary**  **assessments are**  **listed in**  **Table 1**  **below. The**  **estimated chronic**  **dietary exposure**  **from crops**  **(both established**  **and proposed**  **tolerances) was**  **less than**  **2.0% of**  **the cPAD**  **for all**  **subpopulations. Additional**  **refineme nts**  **such as**  **the use**  **of anticipated**  **residues and**  **percent crop**  **treated values**  **for the**  **established crop**  **uses would**  **further reduce**  **the estimated**  **chronic dietary**  **exposure. The**  **results in**  **Table 1**  **below demonstrate**  **there are**  **no safety**  **concerns for**  **any subpopulati** **on**6

**based on**  **established and**  **new uses,**  **and that**  **the results**  **clearly meet**  **the FQ**  **PA standard of reasonable certainty of no harm.**  **Table 1. Summary of Chronic Dietary Exposure (food + drinking water) Assessment considering crops with established and proposed**  **t olerances**  **for pendimethalin. Population**  **Subgroups Exposure Estimate**  **(mg/kg b.w./day) %cPAD**  **US Population 0.001984**  **0.6 Al**  **l infants (< 1 year) 0.003665**  **1.1 Children 1**  **- 2**  **0.006786 2.0**  **Children 3 -**  **5 0.005115**  **1.5 Children 6**  **- 12**  **0.002989 0.9**  **Youth 13 -**  **19 0.001679**  **0.5 Ad**  **ults 20 -** **49 0.001535**  **0.5 Ad**  **ults 50+ yrs 0.001438**  **0.4 Females 13**  **- 49 yrs**  **0.001502 0.5**  **%cPAD = percent of chronic population adjusted dose Exposure estim** **ates based on tolerance values and 100 % CT values** ii. Drinking Wa ter. **The drinking**  **water exposure**  **values used**  **in this**  **assessment were**  **obtained from**  **the most**  **recent pendimethalin**  **assessment conducted**  **by EPA**  **published on**  **July 25,**  **2012. The**  **estimated acute**  **and chronic**  **surface water**  **concentrations were**  **80.5 microgram**  **per liter**  **( μg/L** **) and**  **6.2μg/L, respectively.**  **The estimated**  **groundwater concentration**  **was 0.036μg/L.**  **The estimated drinking water exposure was included in the dietary assessment.**  **Acute Aggregate Exposure and Risk (Food and water) The**  **acute dietary**  **assessment was**  **conduc ted**  **including food**  **and drinking**  **water exposure.**  **R esidential**  **exposure is**  **not included**  **in the**  **acute aggregate**  **assessment. The**  **results showed**  **that the**  **acute aggregate**  **exposure from**  **pendimethalin residues**  **does not exceed the level of concern for any popula tion.**  **Short -**  **and Intermediate** **- Term**  **Aggregate Exposure**  **and Risk**  **(food, water,**  **and residential)**  **Short -** **term aggregate**  **risk from**  **pendimethalin takes**  **into account**  **exposures from**  **dietary consumption**  **(food and**  **water) and**  **residential exposure**  **from turf**  **use. P**  **ost application**  **exposure fr** **om the**  **turf use**  **is considered**  **short -** **term. T**  **he residential**  **exposure used**  **in this**  **assessment is**  **from the**  **most recent**  **EP A**  **human health**  **risk assessment**  **published July**  **25, 2012.**  **T he**  **residential assessment**  **was conducted**  **using the**  **upd ated**  **Standard Operating**  **Procedures for**  **Residential Pesticide**  **Exposure Assessment.**  **T he**  **post -**  **application residential**  **exposure was**  **determined for the use on residential turf, residential gardens, and golf course turf. The highest**  **post -**  **application exposure**  **f rom**  **adults was**  **from the**  **garden use**  **and residential**  **turf**7

**use for children 1 -** **2 years old. The children exposure included dermal and hand -** **to**   ** mouth** **exposure. T**  **he aggregate**  **ma rgin**  **of exposure**  **( MOE**  **) from**  **food, water,**  **and residential exposure for children 1**  **- 2 y** **ears old was 92 and for adults was 125. These MOEs**  **are greater**  **than the**  **target MOE**  **of 30,**  **which indicates**  **there is**  **no safety**  **concern from**  **the aggregate**  **exposure from**  **pendimethalin. T**  **he results**  **of the**  **analysis are shown in Tables 2. Table 2.**  **Estimated short/intermediate term aggregate exposure and risk of** 

**pendimethalin .**  **Population NOAEL** 

**(mg/kg/day) Target** 

**MOE 1**  **Food + Drinking Water**

**Exposure (mg/kg/day)**  **Residential**

**Exposure (mg/kg/day)**  **Total**

**Exposure (mg/kg/day)**  **MOE 2** 

**Adult 10**  **30 0.001984**  **0.078 0.079984**  **125 Child**  **1 -** **2 yr old 10**  **30 0.006786**  **0.102 0.108786**  **92 1**  **Target MOE is 30. 2**  **Aggregate MOE = (NOAEL / (Food + Water + Residential Exposure) Chronic Aggregate Exposure and Risk (food and water)**  **The aggregate**  **chronic risk**  **includes residues**  **of pendimethalin**  **from food**  **and water**  **(Table 1).**  **Exposures fr** **om residential**  **uses are**  **not included**  **in the**  **chronic aggregate**  **assessment. T**  **he results**  **demonstrate there**  **are no**  **safety concerns**  **for any**  **subpopulation b**  **ased on**  **established and**  **new uses,**  **and that**  **the results**  **clearly meet**  **the FQPA standard of reasonable certainty of no harm.** 2. Non

-dietary exposure . **The post** **- application**  **short -** **term dermal**  **and incidental**  **oral exposure**  **and risk**  **assessment was**  **determined fo**  **r pendimethalin**  **use on**  **residential turf,**  **residential gardens,**  **and golf**  **course turf.**  **The residential**  **exposure shown**  **in the**  **Table 3**  **reflects the**  **most recent**  **EP A**  **human health**  **risk assessment**  **published on**  **July 25,**  **2012. T**  **he residential**  **assessment was**  **conducte d**  **using the**  **updated Standard**  **Operating Procedures**  **for Residential**  **Pesticide Exposure**  **Assessment. T**  **he calculated**  **MOEs are**  **all greater**  **than the**  **MOE level**  **of concern.**  **Table 3. Pendimethalin**  **Residential Exposure**  **after the**  **use on**  **Residential Turf,** 

**Residenti al Gardens, and Golf Course Turf.**  **Population Scenario**  **- Route**  **Exposure MOE**  **Adult Turf** **** **residential Dermal**  **0.032 313**  **Child 1 -** **2 Turf** **** **residential Dermal**  **0.06 167** 

**Hand to mouth 0.042**  **238 Object to mouth**  **0.0013 7692** 8 **soil ingestion 0.000065**  **153846 Granular**  **injestion 0.071**  **141 Adult**  **Turf -**  **golf Dermal**  **0.0037 2703**  **Children 11 -**  **16 Turf**  **- Golf**  **Dermal 0.0043**  **2326 Children 6**  **- 11**  **Turf -**  **Golf Dermal**  **0.0051 1961**  **Adult Gardening**  **Dermal 0.078**  **128 Children 6**  **- 11**  **Gardening Dermal**  **0.053 189**  **]** D. Cumulative Effects **Exposure to Substances with Common Mechanism of Toxicity. The Agency has not yet published guidelines to determine whether pendimethalin has a common**  **mechanism of toxicity with other substances or how to include this pesticide in a cu**  **mulative risk assessment. Unlike other pesticides for which EPA has followed a cumulative risk approach based on a common mechanism of toxicity, pendimethalin**  **does not appear to produce a toxic metabolite produced by other substances. For the purposes of**  **this tolerance action, therefore, it is assumed that pendimethalin does not have a common mechanism of toxicity with other substances.**  E. Safety Determination 1. U.S. population. **Based on these risk assessments, there is a reasonable certainty that no**  **harm will result to the general population or any subpopulation from aggregate exposure to pendimethalin residues.**  2. Infants and children

. **Based on these risk assessments, there is a reasonable certainty that no harm will result to infants or children,**  **or any subpopulation from aggregate exposure to pendimethalin residues**  **.** F. International Tolerances **There are no CODEX, Canadian or Mexican International Maximum Residue Levels (MRL's) established for residues of pendimethalin in these crops at**  **this tim e**  **.**