USDA 

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United States 

Department of 

Agriculture 

Federal Crop 

Insurance 

Corporation 

FCIC-20660L 

(01-2022) 

POSTAPPLICATION 

COVERAGE 

ENDORSEMENT 

LOSS 

ADJUSTMENT 

STANDARDS 

HANDBOOK 

2022 and Succeeding Crop 

Years 

 

 

 

 

RISK MANAGEMENT AGENCY 

KANSAS CITY, MO 64133 

TITLE: POST-APPLICATION 

COVERAGE ENDORSEMENT LOSS 

ADJUSTMENT STANDARDS 

HANDBOOK 

NUMBER: FCIC-20660L 

EFFECTIVE DATE: 

2022 and Succeeding Crop Years 

ISSUE DATE: January 5, 2022 

SUBJECT: 

Provides the procedures and instructions 

for administering the Post-Application 

Coverage Endorsement (PACE) crop 

insurance program. 

OPI: Product Administration and Standards 

Division 

APPROVED: 

/s/ Richard Flournoy 

Deputy Administrator for Product Management 

REASON FOR ISSUANCE 

This is the first issuance of FCIC-20660L Post-Application Coverage Endorsement Loss Adjustment 

Handbook. 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L TP 1 
I I I I I I I 

POST-APPLICATION COVERAGE ENDORSEMENT LOSS ADJUSTMENT STANDARDS 

HANDBOOK 

CONTROL CHART 

Post-Application Coverage Application Loss Adjustment Standards Handbook 

TP 

Page(s) 

TC 

Page(s) 

Text 

Page(s) 

Exhibit 

Number 

Exhibit 

Page(s) 

Date FCIC 

Number 

Current 

Index 1-2 1 1-12 1-5 13-23 12-2021 FCIC-20660L 

FILING INSTRUCTIONS: 

This handbook is effective for the 2022 and succeeding crop years. 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L TP 2 
 

 

 

 

 

POST-APPLICATION CONSERVATION ENDORSEMENT LOSS ADJUSTMENT 

STANDARDS HANDBOOK 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

PAGE NO. 

PART 1 GENERAL INFORMATION AND RESPONSIBILITIES 

1 General Information.............................................................................................................1 

2 AIP Responsibilities ............................................................................................................1 

3-10 (Reserved) 

PART 2 PACE POLICY INFORMATION 

11 General Information.............................................................................................................4 

12 Units.....................................................................................................................................4 

13 Insurance Period ..................................................................................................................5 

14 Payment Qualifications........................................................................................................6 

15 Perils Covered by PACE .....................................................................................................7 

16 PACE Coverage Levels .......................................................................................................7 

17 Eligible Acreage ..................................................................................................................7 

18-20 (Reserved) 

PART 3 FIELD INSPECTIONS 

21 General Information.............................................................................................................8 

22 Acreage Reporting ...............................................................................................................8 

23 Field Inspection Process ......................................................................................................9 

24-30 (Reserved) 

PART 4 CLAIMS PROCEDURE 

31 General Claim Information................................................................................................10 

32 Payment Determination .....................................................................................................10 

33 PACE Payment Calculation...............................................................................................11 

34-40 (Reserved) 

EXHIBITS 

1 Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................13 

2 Definitions .........................................................................................................................14 

3 Calculating Nitrogen Pounds Per Acre..............................................................................15 

4 Photograph of Nitrogen Stress...........................................................................................21 

5 Deficiency Symptom Locations for Different Nutrients ...................................................23 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L TC1 
A. 

B. 

A. 

1 

PART 1 GENERAL INFORMATION AND RESPONSIBILITIES 

General Information 

Purpose and Objective 

The RMA-issued loss adjustment standards for all eligible crops are the official standard 

requirements for adjusting losses in a uniform and timely manner. The RMA-issued 

standards for this CY are in effect as of the signature date for this handbook and are located 

at www.rma.usda.gov. 

This handbook remains in effect until superseded by reissuance of either the entire 

handbook or selected portions (through amendments, bulletins, or Final Agency Decisions). 

If amendments are issued for a handbook, the original handbook as amended shall 

constitute the handbook. A bulletin or Final Agency Decisions can supersede either the 

original handbook or subsequent amendments. 

Related Handbooks 

The following table identifies handbooks that shall be used in conjunction with this 

handbook. 

Handbook Relation/Purpose 

DSSH Provides the form standards and procedures for use in 

the sales and service of crop insurance contracts. 

GFP Determination 

Standards Handbook 

Provides standards and procedures for administering 

good farming practice decisions and determinations. 

GSH Provides general crop insurance information. 

PACE ISH Provides specific form standards and procedures for 

administrating PACE. 

LAM Provides overall general loss adjustment (not cropspecific) process. 

(1) Terms, abbreviations, and definitions general (not crop specific) to loss adjustment are 

identified in the GSH and the LAM. 

(2) Terms, abbreviations, and definitions specific to this handbook are in Exhibits 1 and 

Exhibit 2, herein. 

AIP Responsibilities 

Utilization of Standards 

All AIPs shall utilize these standards for both loss adjustment and loss training for the 

applicable crop year. These standards, which include crop appraisal methods, claims 

completion instructions, and form standards, supplement the general (not crop-specific) loss 

adjustment standards identified in the LAM. 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 

2 

1 
 

 

 

 

 

B. 

C. 

D. 

2 AIP Responsibilities (Continued) 

Form Distribution 

The following is the minimum distribution of forms completed by the adjuster and signed 

by the insured (or the insured’s authorized representative) for the loss adjustment 

inspection: 

(1) One legible copy to the insured; and 

(2) The original and all remaining copies as instructed by the AIP. 

Record Retention 

It is the AIP’s responsibility to maintain records (documents) as stated in the SRA and as 

described in the LAM. Documentation shall include determinations of acreage physically 

prevented from applying post-application nitrogen. 

Form Standards 

(1) The entry items and the completion instructions in Exhibit 7 in the PACE ISH are the 

minimum requirements for the PACE Claim requirements. All entry items are 

“Substantive” (they are required). 

(2) The Privacy Act, Non-Discrimination and the Certification Statements are required 

statements that must be printed on all forms or provided to the insured as a separate 

document. These statements are not shown on the example form(s) in Exhibit 7 in the 

PACE ISH. 

a) The Non-Discrimination Statement can be found at: 

https://www.rma.usda.gov/Web-site-Policies-and-Important-Links/NonDiscrimination-Statement or successor website. 

b) The Privacy Act Statement can be found at: https://www.rma.usda.gov/AboutRMA/Laws-and-Regulations/Required-Statements/Collection-of-Informationand-Data-Statement or successor website. 

c) The Certification Statement can be found at: https://www.rma.usda.gov/AboutRMA/Laws-and-Regulations/Required-Statements/Certification-Statement or 

successor website. 

(3) Refer to the DSSH for other crop insurance form requirements (such as point size of 

font, and so forth). 

3-10 (Reserved) 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 2 
December 2021 FCIC-20660L 3 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PART 2 PACE POLICY INFORMATION 

11 General Information 

The following may not be a complete list of insurability requirements for PACE. Refer to the 

BP, Coarse Grains CP, PACE, and the SP for a complete list of all insurability requirements. 

AIPs shall determine if the insured complies with all policy provisions of the insurance contract. 

(1) The BP and the Coarse Grains CP must be in force to elect to insure under the PACE. 

(2) PACE must be elected in writing on or before the applicable SCD for the crop. 

(3) PACE will apply to eligible acreage of non-irrigated corn insurable under the Coarse Grains 

CP. Only grain type is eligible. Specialty and organic corn are not eligible. 

(4) PACE may not be elected if the insured’s non-irrigated corn is insured under the 

Catastrophic Risk Protection Endorsement. 

(5) Except when in conflict with the PACE, all provisions of the BP and CP apply. 

(6) To be eligible for coverage, the PACE Endorsement must be purchased from the same 

insurance provider that provides coverage under the BP and applicable Coarse Grains CP. 

(7) The PACE operates only in those crops and counties specified in the actuarial documents. 

12 Units 

The unit structure provided under the BP and the Coarse Grains CP applicable to the insured 

acreage may apply under the PACE with the following limitation. 

(1) Units by irrigated practices do not apply. Only actual planted acreage is eligible for 

coverage. 

(2) Whole farm units are allowed only if specified in the Special Provisions. 

(3) Provided the insured has historical records at the basic unit and/or optional unit level (as 

applicable) sufficient to calculate an Approved Yield on such units, then PACE may be 

elected on an optional or basic unit basis if the underlying policy uses enterprise, enterprise 

by practice, multi-county, or whole farm units; and, optional units may be elected for PACE 

if the underlying policy uses basic units. All acres in an insured PACE unit must be insured 

if they are eligible for coverage. For sake of clarity, if acres in a PACE insured unit are nonirrigated corn and not high-risk, then they are eligible and insured, and premium will be due 

on those acres, even if the Final Post-Application Percent is deemed to be zero percent. 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 4 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12 Units (Continued) 

(4) The Insureds may elect PACE coverage on some eligible units and not others, provided 

sufficient records exist to fulfill the requirements of (3) above, but the insured must elect 

PACE on all units where the post-application Nitrogen practice is used on a majority of the 

acreage if optional or basic units are elected for PACE. Premium will be charged on all 

acres in an insured PACE unit where the crop is eligible (even if the Final Post-Application 

Percent is deemed to be zero percent on any given acreage). 

In the event a unit contains acreage that is not eligible, those acres that are not insurable will 

be excluded from PACE coverage, and no premium will be due on those acres. The insured 

must specify PACE units on or prior to Sales Closing; otherwise, all eligible acres and units 

in the underlying policy will be insured and premium will be due on such acres (even if the 

final post-application percent is deemed to be zero percent). The township, section and 

range must be specified by the SCD, otherwise all eligible acres in all units in the underlying 

policy will be insured under PACE and premium will be due. 

13 Insurance Period 

The insurance period for PACE varies by region and is dependent on the date the planting of the 

crop is completed in the unit. The insurance periods and insurance period variance are specified 

in the actuarial documents (ADM). The variance dates were calculated based on approximately 

the 10th and 90th percentile of growing degree days (GDD) from the approximate 30-year average 

PRISM GDD and presumed accurate. The adjuster must, in the event of a claim: 

(1) Verify the date planting was completed in each unit (if planting was split into multiple days, 

then verify the dates on which the acreage on each day was planted). 

(2) Verify the prevented post-application window from the actuarial documents. Determine if 

the variance window is applicable based on the percentile of accumulated GDDs compared 

to the 30-year average accumulated GDDs for the county. If GDDs have accumulated in the 

year faster than average since planting, then the window may be adjusted forward such that 

the start date is not before the variance start date; if accumulated GDDs have accrued slower 

than average, adjust end window back commensurate with the 30-year percentile, such that 

the variance end date does not exceed the variance end date. 

For example, if the PACE window end date and variance window end date are June 15th and 

June 25th as published in the actuarial documents, respectively, and the current year 

accumulation of GDDs after the planting date until the window end date are in the 25th 

percentile (slower or colder than average), then the adjuster may adjust the end date back to 

June 20th. If the accumulated GDDs were in the 5th percentile, then adjust the end date back 

to June 25th (the published maximum variance window end date). If the accumulated GDDs 

were in the 50th percentile, then use the published end date (June 15th). 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 5 
 

 

 

 

 

 

A. 

B. 

14 Payment Qualifications 

PACE Payments will not be made on acreage that fails to meet the requirements of the Coarse 

Grain CP and PACE. The amount of the PACE payment will be determined by the calculations 

and procedures as outlined in the PACE LASH. See Exhibit 5 in the PACE ISH for additional 

information. 

Qualifications for PACE Payment 

To qualify for PACE payments, the insured must: 

(1) Have an underlying insurance policy (YP, RP, or RP-HPE) for non-irrigated corn in 

effect; 

(2) Have coverage for the underlying base policy at an additional coverage level; 

(3) Comply with all terms and conditions of the base policy; 

(4) Provide documentation of which machinery or equipment will be used for any 

successful and intended nitrogen applications (both pre-plant and post-plant), or 

purchase orders if such services were contracted; 

(5) Use a split application of nitrogen practice; 

(6) Provide documentation supporting the purchase of nitrogen for the split-application of 

nitrogen practice; 

(7) Have been physically prevented from applying the post-application of nitrogen during 

the insurance period by an insurable cause of loss stated in the base policy; and 

(8) List on their timely submitted PACE acreage report the acreage on which a split 

application of nitrogen practice was intended, and the pre-application of nitrogen 

applied. 

Prevented Post-Application 

(1) Insured’s duties in the event of prevented post-application: 

(a) Provide a notice of loss that they were prevented from applying the postapplication nitrogen to an insured crop within 72 hours after the end of the 

insurance period for the PACE Endorsement as stated in the actuarial documents, 

and/or within 72 hours of being physically prevented from post-applying 

nitrogen, whichever is later. 

(b) Provide a completed Post-Application Coverage Endorsement Nitrogen Report 

(Exhibit 5 in the PACE ISH) with the notice of loss (Exhibit 6 in the PACE ISH). 

(2) If the insured fails to provide a timely notice of loss as described above or provide a 

completed PACE Nitrogen Report, the PACE claim will result in no PACE coverage. 

However, the PACE premium will still be due. 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 6 
 

 

 

 

 

 

15 Perils Covered by PACE 

Insured causes of loss include any cause listed in the underlying insurance policy and this 

Endorsement that physically prevented the insured from applying the post-application of nitrogen 

on any acreage in a PACE insured unit. 

16 PACE Coverage Levels 

The insured may select a coverage level between 75 and 90 percent. 

17 Eligible Acreage 

The eligible acreage is all acreage in the unit in which the insured designated on the application 

that a split application of nitrogen practice will be used and the number of acres in which the preapplication of nitrogen has been applied as contained in the PACE acreage report. The acreage 

reporting date is the same as the policy. 

18-20 (Reserved) 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 7 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A. 

B. 

PART 3 FIELD INSPECTIONS 

21 General Information 

During the field inspection, the AIP must verify: 

(1) an insured cause of loss prevented the insured from applying the post-application nitrogen, 

and if so, what was the insured cause of loss; 

(2) the insured cause of loss occurred during the insurance period; and 

(3) the acreage reports provided as in Exhibit 4 PACE ISH. 

22 Acreage Reporting 

The acreage report is the primary tool for establishing the liability for all acreage in which a preapplication of nitrogen has been applied and where the post-application of nitrogen was 

prevented. 

Insured’s Responsibilities 

The insured is responsible for: 

(1) reporting all acreage in which a pre-application of nitrogen was applied along with 

any information required to complete an accurate initial PACE acreage report. Please 

refer to Exhibit 4 in the PACE ISH. 

(2) reporting the correct unit number for the acreage in which a pre-application of 

nitrogen was applied. 

Separate Line Entries on PACE Acreage Report 

(1) Separate line entries are required on the PACE acreage report for the following: 

(a) Basic, enterprise, and optional units, and within each unit, separate line entries 

for differing practices, types, varieties, shares, APH yields, and risk 

classifications; 

(b) For whole farm units, a separate line for each crop with differing practices, 

types, varieties, shares, APH yield, and risk classifications; 

(c) Timely planted acres; 

(d) Late planted acres, with a separate line entry for each day of planting during the 

late planting period, or if insurable, acreage planted after the late planting period 

or after the final planting date for crops that do have a late planting period (with 

a reduced production guarantee based upon the planting date); 

(e) The total amount of planted acres eligible for PACE cannot exceed the 

maximum number of acres for which a pre-application of nitrogen was applied; 

and 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 8 
 

 

 

 

A. 

B. 

22 Acreage Reporting (Continued) 

(2) The PACE acreage reporting date is the same as the underlying insurance policy 

acreage reporting date. 

23 Field Inspection Process 

AIP Responsibilities 

After the AIP has received the insured’s PACE Notice of Probable Loss, an inspection must 

be made as soon as possible to verify an insured COL occurred during the PACE insurance 

period and the insurable cause of loss did physically prevent the post-application nitrogen 

from being applied to the insured acres. Document any of the situations noted below. 

(1) There is not a known cause of loss in the geographic area where the insured states 

they have been prevented from post-application nitrogen being applied. 

(2) Only a minimal percentage of the insureds for a particular area submitted a PACE 

notices of loss. 

(3) It does not seem reasonable for the respective acreage to have been prevented from 

post-application nitrogen being applied (e.g., acreages of lower elevation have been 

affected but this acreage is of higher elevation and should not have been affected). 

(4) The AIP has reason to suspect the insured of misrepresentation; or 

(5) For any other reason, the AIP deems appropriate. 

Nitrogen Stress Visibility/Testing 

In fields where inspection is required, and records cannot be produced to demonstrate 

planned nitrogen purchases and production plans deemed sufficient by the adjuster to 

demonstrate intent, the adjuster will inspect a sample of the leaves of the plants on affected 

acres, especially older leaves, which appear lower on the stalk of the corn plant and 

compare it with Exhibit 4 and Exhibit 5. 

The timeframe of nitrogen stress which is evident as a spear-shaped yellowing pointing 

away from the leaf tip is around 45-85 days after planting depending on the planting date, 

region, and the insurance period, as published in the actuarial documents. Exhibit 5 

graphically shows the nitrogen deficiency symptom along with other deficiency symptom 

appearances in a leaf. Note that nitrogen stress may in some cases not present until many 

days after the insurance period, and the presence of nitrogen stress is not necessarily 

required for a PACE loss (only the actual physical inability to post-apply due to a COL, and 

only when post-application was intended). However, the AIP reserves the right to inspect 

the crop and investigate if nitrogen stress is present in the event there is reason to suspect 

misrepresentation or lack of an actual COL. 

24-30 (Reserved) 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 9 
 

A. 

B. 

A. 

PART 4 CLAIMS PROCEDURE 

31 General Claim Information 

AIP’s Responsibilities 

The AIP is responsible for ensuring that: 

(1) documentation of actions taken by the adjuster or AIP for verification and review of 

the PACE claim is retained by the AIP. 

(2) before processing a PACE payment, the correct PACE guarantee is used to process 

the PACE claim. 

Loss Adjustment Responsibilities 

The adjuster is responsible for verifying: 

(1) The insured was physically prevented from post-application of nitrogen due to an 

insured cause of loss and, if applicable, a visual inspection as described in Section 

23(F); 

(2 The number of prevented post-application acres, and that those acres are eligible for 

PACE; and the units which the insured practices post-application nitrogen practice 

cover a majority of those acres (as determined by if at least 50% of the acres in the unit 

utilize the post-application nitrogen practice); 

(3) The acceptable records (e.g., purchase receipts) that show the name of the insured, date 

of purchase, type of fertilizer purchased, brand name (if applicable), the nitrogen, 

phosphorus, potassium content, and the total amount of fertilizer, and the number of 

acres and each date on which it was applied (Exhibit 5 of the PACE ISH and Exhibit 3 

of the PACE LASH); and 

(4) All other PACE requirements have been met. 

32 Payment Determination 

The Guarantee 

The guarantee for PACE acreage is determined separately from the guarantee of the 

underlying insurance policy. 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 10 
 

B. 

A. 

B. 

C. 

32 Payment Determination (Continued) 

PACE Payment Claim 

When preparing a claim for a PACE payment, the acres on which the pre-application of 

nitrogen was applied and the acres in which the post-application of nitrogen was prevented 

must be shown on the Production Worksheet. 

Example: If 70 acres has pre-application of nitrogen applied and 30 acres were prevented 

from applying the post-application of nitrogen, the Production Worksheet will 

be completed as follows: There will be one line with the 70 pre-application 

acres and a separate line with the 30 acres prevented from post-application of 

nitrogen. 

33 PACE Payment Calculation 

Eligible Acreage Determination 

Determine the number of acres in each unit on which pre-application nitrogen was applied 

but the post-application was prevented by an insurable cause of loss (PACE ISH Exhibit 4). 

Determination of Final Post-Application Percent and PACE Loss Factor 

If the insured’s actual pre-plant nitrogen exceeds (1) the maximum nitrogen rate times (2) 

the difference between one and the declared post-application percent, by more than 5%, the 

Final Post-Application Percent should be recalculated and rounded down to the nearest 5%. 

The Final PACE Loss Factor should then be referenced with the Final Post-Application 

Percent. 

Example: An insured has an approved yield per acre of 200 bushels. The maximum 

nitrogen per acre is 200 x 1.2 = 240 lbs. N/acre. The declared post-application 

percent is 30% of 240, and the actual total nitrogen applied per acre is 180 lbs. 

N/acre on PACE loss acres. The Final Post-Application Percent is equal to (1 -

[180 / 240]) = 25%. Since the Final Post-Application Percent does not match 

the declared post-application percent, the loss factor must be adjusted downward 

to reflect the actual post-application percentage. The new loss factor is 17% (at 

25% post-application), rather than the original 18% (at 30% post-application). 

Actual loss factors are found in the corresponding actuarial documents (AD). 

Determinations of the PACE Indemnity and PACE Offset 

(1) PACE losses are only paid on affected PACE loss acres in PACE insured units; 

therefore, the unit structure does not affect the total indemnity payment on insured 

acres. The preliminary PACE indemnity is calculated by: 

(a) Multiplying the approved yield by the greater of the harvest price or projected 

price defined in the underlying insurance policy; 

(b) Multiplying the result of (a) by the insured’s PACE loss acres; 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 11 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

33 PACE Payment Calculation (Continued) 

(c) Multiplying the result of (b) by the insured’s PACE coverage level election 

percent; 

(d) Multiplying the result of (c) by the insured’s share; and 

(e) Multiplying the result of (d) by the final PACE loss factor. 

(2) The amount of payment owed under this Endorsement may be reduced by a PACE 

offset in the event an indemnity is also owed on the underlying insurance policy and 

exceeds the underlying insurance policy deductible., the PACE offset is calculated by: 

(a) Subtracting the underlying insurance policy coverage level from one; 

(b) Multiplying the result of (a) by the approved yield; 

(c) Multiplying the result of (b) by the greater of the projected or harvest price 

defined in the underlying insurance policy; 

(d) Multiplying (c) by the insured PACE acres; 

(e) Multiplying (d) by the share to get the underlying insurance policy deductible; 

and 

(f) Subtracting (e) from the PACE indemnity. If this is greater than zero, and your 

underlying insurance policy has paid an indemnity on those PACE loss acres, 

then the PACE offset is equal to the lesser of this result or the indemnity on your 

underlying insurance policy. 

Example: Preliminary PACE Indemnity 

The insured was prevented from post-application of nitrogen on 100 acres. 

The insured has an approved yield of 200 bushels/acre. The greater of the 

projected price and harvest price is $4.00. The insured elects 90 percent 

PACE coverage level, has 100% share, and has a final PACE loss factor of 

17%. The harvest price is less than the projected price. 

200 bushels/acre x $4.00/bu. = $800 /acre 

$800/acre x 100 acres = $80,000 

$80,000 x 90% coverage = $72,000 

$72,000 x 100% share = $72,000 

$72,000 x 17% loss factor = $12,240 preliminary PACE indemnity 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 12 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

33 PACE Payment Calculation (Continued) 

Example: Final PACE Indemnity and PACE Offset 

Using the example above, the insured elected an 85 percent coverage level 

on their underlying insurance policy, and the underlying policy is YP, and 

the projected price is $4. Suppose the final yield is 100. The harvest price 

is less than the projected price. The PACE offset and final PACE 

indemnity is calculated as follows: 

100% - 85% = 15% (or 0.15) underlying deductible percent 

0.15 x 200 bu./acre = 30 bu./acre 

30 bu./acre x $4.00/bu. = $120/acre 

$120/acre x 100 acres = $12,000 

$12,000 x 1.00 share = $12,000 

$12,240 - $12,000 = $240 (preliminary PACE offset) 

YP Indemnity = $28,000 

The preliminary PACE indemnity is $12,240, and the preliminary PACE 

offset is $240. The YP indemnity is greater than zero, therefore the final 

PACE offset is the lesser of $240 and the YP indemnity of $28,000. 

Therefore, the indemnity for PACE will be reduced by up to $240. The 

final PACE indemnity is thus $12,240 - $240 = $12,000. 

34-50 (Reserved) 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 13 
 

Exhibit 1 

Acronyms and Abbreviations 

The following table provides the acronyms and abbreviations used in this handbook. 

Approved 

Acronym/Abbreviation Term 

AD Actuarial Documents 

CIH FCIC-18010 Crop Insurance Handbook 

CY Crop Year 

DSSH Document and Supplemental Standards Handbook, FCIC-24040 

GFP Determination 

Standards Handbook 

Good Farming Practice Determination Standards Handbook, FCIC14060 

GSH General Standards Handbook, FCIC-18190 

LAM Loss Adjustment Manual, FCIC-25010 

PACE Post-Application Coverage Endorsement 

PACE ISH PACE Insurance Standards Handbook 

PRISM Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model 

Website: https://prism.oregonstate.edu/ 

SCD Sales Closing Date 

YP Yield Protection 

RP Revenue Protection 

RP-HPE Revenue Protection with Harvest Price Election 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 13 
 

 

Exhibit 2 

Definitions 

Crop Year as defined in the applicable Coarse Grains Crop Provisions. 

Insurance Period begins on the calendar date stated in the actuarial documents that corresponds to the 

start of the post-application window and ends on the calendar date in the actuarial documents for the 

end of the post-application window, subject to the variance window. This represents the time period in 

which the post-application of nitrogen would customarily be applied under the standards of good 

farming practice, as published in the actuarial documents. To account for warmer and colder than 

average years, and their impacts on growth rates of the crop climatic events, the post-application 

window can be shifted forward or backward up to the variance dates as published in the actuarial 

documents, in accordance with this document (see Paragraph 13). 

Split application means the recognized good farming practice whereby the producer applies a portion 

of the total amount of nitrogen prior to planting and the remainder of the nitrogen is applied prior to 

the crop reaching approximately the V10 growth stage. The timing of nitrogen applications for postapply relies on the insurance period. 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 14 
A. 

B. 

Urea Ammonium 

Nitrate (UAN} Solution 

28-0-0 

Guaranteed Analysis 

Total Nitrogen {N) .................................. 28.0% 

7.0% Ammoniaca l Nitrogen 

7.0% Nitrate Nitrogen 

14.0% Urea Nitrogen 

Derived from: Ammonium Nitrate, Urea 

Density 10. 7 lb/gal at 60° F (Specific Gravity 1.29) 

Exhibit 3 

Calculating Nitrogen Pounds Per Acre 

PACE ISH Exhibit 5 (Post-Application Coverage Endorsement Nitrogen Report) provides the 

producer nitrogen fertilizer reporting requirements. These requirements include submitting fertilizer 

labels, the rate of fertilizer application, and the overall pounds of nitrogen per acre applied. This 

exhibit provides examples to the adjuster for methods of double-checking the reported pounds of 

nitrogen per acre, using the rates of product applied and product labels. To calculate pounds of 

nitrogen per acre, fertilizer products must be linked to their underlying nitrogen content, as well as 

their density (for liquid fertilizer applications). 

Utilizing Fertilizer Labels 

Labels provide all the necessary data for a given fertilizer, including nitrogen content and product 

density. All fertilizer labels provide nitrogen content as the percentage of elemental nitrogen. 

Figure 1: Recreated example of a Urea Ammonium Nitrate 

(UAN) label, showing nitrogen content and density 

Utilizing Fertilizer Safety Data Sheets 

Any data missing from a given fertilizer label can most likely be found in the associated safety 

data sheet. Safety data sheets include exhaustive information on hazard identification, company 

contact information, ingredients, safety and handling instructions, physical properties, and 

chemical properties. Statistics such as density and specific gravity are often included in the 

“Physical and chemical properties” section of a safety data sheet. 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 15 
 

 

B. 

C. 

I Section 9: Physica l and Chemical Properties 

Physical State 

Color 

Odor 

pH 

Melting Point 

Boiling Point 

Vapor Pressure 

Vapor Density 

Density 

Relative Density 

Solubility 

Solubility in Water 

Viscosity 

Liquid 

Clear to slightly hazy 

Ammoniacal [Sl ight] 

6 to 7 

-18° C (-0.4"F) 

121 ° C (249.8°F) 

Not available 

Not available 

10.7 lb/gal @ 60°F 

1.28 

Easily soluble in cold water and hot water 

Water-soluble liquid 

Not available 

Exhibit 3 

Calculating Nitrogen Pounds Per Acre (Continued) 

Utilizing Fertilizer Safety Data Sheets (continued) 

Figure 2: Recreated safety data sheet “physical and chemical properties” 

section for UAN-28 product. Data Source1 

Nitrogen Calculation Examples 

(0) Example 1 – a fertilizer tank mix consisting of: 

Smart Trio @ 15 gallons per acre 

28% UAN @ 5 gallons per acre 

Water @ 10 gallons per acre 

The overall tank mix application operation is applied at 30 gallons per acre. To find the 

amount of nitrogen per acre, first determine how much nitrogen is in each fertilizer product. 

28% UAN is 28% nitrogen and can quickly look up the density (~10.7 lbs./gal). We can 

find the label for Smart Trio through a Google search. The label reveals that Smart Trio 

contains 4% N and has a density of 10.5 lbs./gal. If density is missing from the label for a 

given product, it can usually be located in the product’s safety data sheet; otherwise, call 

the retailer or manufacturer or other means (e.g., consult university or agency extension 

agent, online research, etc.). 

1 “UAN 28-0-0 (Bulk) US-GHS Safety Data Sheet,” Nutrien, 2021 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 16 
 

C. 

Micro Fertilizer Example 4-0-0 

Nutrient Solution • , , 

Guaranteed Analysis 

Total Nitrogen (N) ............................... 4.00% 

4.00% Urea nitrogen 

Sulfur (S) ..•.................................... 3.00% 

3.00% Combined sulfur 

Boron (B) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . ........•...... 0.25% 

0.25% Water soluble boron 

Manganese (Mn) ................................ 3.00% 

3.00% Water soluble manganese 

Zinc (Zn) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 3.00% 

3.00% Water soluble zinc 

Derived from urea, boric Mid. manganese sulfate and zinc slllate F 76 

Net Contents: 2.5 gallons (9.46 liters) 

DfflSlty: 105 lb/gal O 68'f 

Net Welaflt 26 0 lb (11.7 ka) 

Packaged: 2 x 2.5 gallons (9.46 liters) 

Exhibit 3 

Calculating Nitrogen Pounds Per Acre (Continued) 

Nitrogen Calculation Examples (continued) 

Figure 3: Example label for a micronutrient fertilizer product containing nitrogen – Data Source 

We can now use the rates, densities, and nitrogen contents of each component of the tank 

mix to calculate the pounds per acre of nitrogen in each component: 

(a) 28% UAN @ 5 gallons per acre: 

Given the per acre rate of 28% UAN, we can translate that rate into pounds of 28% 

UAN per acre by multiplying it by the product density. Since this product is 28% 

nitrogen, we can translate our per acre 28% UAN to per acre nitrogen by multiplying 

it by 28/100. 

gggggg ggllll 28 ggllll. nnnnnnaannggaann 5 × 10.70 × % nnnnnnaannggaann = 14.98 

ggaaaaaa gggggg 100 ggaaaaaa

(b) Micro Fertilizer @ 15 gallons per acre: 

The same process used above can be done for Smart Trio. 

gggggg 15 

ggaaaaaa

ggllll

× 10.50 gggggg × 

4 ggllll. nnnnnnaannggaann % nnnnnnaannggaann = 6.30 100 ggaaaaaa

(c) Total Results: 

Adding together our per acre nitrogen results, we end up with a total nitrogen per acre 

content of 21.28 lbs./acre. In some cases, it can be useful to calculate pounds of N per 

gallon of the tank mix applied. We can add the results in (a) and (b) then by total 

gallons in the application operation to arrive at average lbs. per gallon applied as 

below (e.g., if provided with spray maps in gallons per acre): 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 17 
C. 

Exhibit 3 

Calculating Nitrogen Pounds Per Acre (Continued) 

Nitrogen Calculation Examples (continued) 

ggllll nnnnnnaannggaann gggggg ggllll nnnnnnaannggaann 21.28 ÷ 30 = 0.7093 

ggaaaaaa ggaaaaaa gggggg

(2) Example 2 - a dry application consisting of: 

• DAP 18-46-0 @ 197.53 pounds per acre 

This dry application is of a single common fertilizer product (diammonium phosphate). 

This product contains 18% nitrogen. Since we already have the pounds per acre of the 

product, we only need to multiply the pounds per acre by the nitrogen percentage to get 

the pounds of nitrogen per acre. 

(a) DAP 18-46-0 @ 197.53 pounds per acre: 

DAP is being applied here at 197.53 lbs./acre. Since we have the pounds of 

product and we know what percentage of this product nitrogen (18%) is, we can 

translate to pounds of nitrogen by multiplying the application rate by the 

nitrogen percentage. 

ggll

197.53 

ggaaaaaa

× 

18 ggllll. nnnnnnaannggaann % nnnnnnaannggaann = 35.56 100 ggaaaaaa

(b) Total Results: 

We end up with a total nitrogen per acre content of 35.56 lbs./acre. We can 

likewise divide lbs. of nitrogen/acre by lbs. of operation/acre to reach the to find 

the lbs. of nitrogen per lbs. of applied operation. 

ggllll nnnnnnaannggaann ggllll nnooaaaaggnnnnnnnn ggllll nnnnnnaannggaann 35.56 ÷ 197.53 = 0.18 

ggaaaaaa ggaaaaaa ggllll nnooaaaaggnnnnnnnn

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 18 
 

C. 

I I 

Exhibit 3 

Calculating Nitrogen Pounds Per Acre (Continued) 

Nitrogen Calculation Examples (continued) 

(3) Example 3 - a liquid manure application consisting of: 

Hog manure @ 5,629 gallons per acre 

Aside from a chemical test, there is no way to know the exact nitrogen content for a 

given manure application. To estimate nitrogen content, the adjuster may reference 

this table from the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food, producers test, or other 

applicable credible source2: 

Table 1: Manure types and nitrogen percentage. Solid and liquid manure nitrogen content listed as 

provided by the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food. 

Manure 

Type 

%N 

(Liquid) 

%N 

(Solid) 

Hog 0.39 0.93 

Dairy 0.39 0.72 

Beef 0.37 0.92 

From the table above, liquid hog manure has a nitrogen content of 0.39%. Since liquid 

manure has an extremely low solids content, its density is close to that of water. Some 

sources estimate a density of around 8.4 pounds per gallon.3 With the nitrogen content 

and density, calculate the nitrogen content of the manure application: 

(a) Liquid Hog Manure @ 5,629 gallons per acre: 

The per acre rate of 5,629 gallons per acre of liquid hog manure can be translated 

to pounds per acre by multiplying by the density. We can then multiply by the 

nitrogen content (0.39%) to obtain the per acre nitrogen content of the application. 

gggggg ggllll. 0.39 ggllll. nnnnnnaannggaann 5,629 × 8.4 × % nnnnnnaannggaann = 184.41 

ggaaaaaa gggggg 100 ggaaaaaa

(b) Total Results: Total nitrogen per acre content of 184.41 lbs./acre. We can then 

divide lbs. nitrogen/acre by gallons of operation/acre to reach the lbs. of nitrogen 

per gallon of applied operation. 

ggllll. nnnnnnaannggaann ggggggggnnnnll nnooaaaaggnnnnnnnn 184.41 ÷ 5629 

ggaaaaaa ggaaaaaa

ggllll nnnnnnaannggaann = 0.0328 ggggggggnnnn nnooaaaaggnnnnnnnn

2 C. Brown, “Available Nutrients and Value for Manure from Various Livestock Types,” Ontario Ministry of Agriculture 

and Food, 2013 3 “Common Manure Test Results Conversions,” LPELC, 2019 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 19 
 

D. 

Exhibit 3 

Calculating Nitrogen Pounds Per Acre (Continued) 

Manure Nitrogen Content 

Aside from a chemical test, there is no way to know the exact nitrogen content for a given 

manure application. To estimate nitrogen content, we can reference this table from the 

Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food. 4 

Table 2: Reference for Estimating Nitrogen Content 

Manure Type %N (Liquid) %N (Solid) 

Hog 0.39 0.93 

Dairy 0.39 0.72 

Beef 0.37 0.92 

Poultry 0.81 2.71 

Mink 0.45 -

Runoff 0.05 -

Milk-fed veal 0.08 -

Aerobic Biosolids 0.12 -

Anaerobic Biosolids 0.28 -

Dewatered Biosolids - 3.76 

Sheep - 0.87 

Dairy Goats - 1.04 

Composted Cattle - 0.86 

Compost: all types - 1.09 

Grain-fed veal - 0.79 

Horses - 0.5 

Turkeys - 2.53 

4 C. Brown, “Available Nutrients and Value for Manure from Various Livestock Types,” Ontario Ministry of Agriculture 

and Food, 2013 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 20 
 

 

Exhibit 4 

Photograph of Nitrogen Stress 

Source: https://extension.psu.edu/causes-of-yellowing-in-corn-plants 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 21 
 

 

Exhibit 4 

Photograph of Nitrogen Stress (Continued) 

Source: https://extension.tennessee.edu/publications/Documents/W976.pdf 

Source: https://extension.sdstate.edu/sites/default/files/2019-09/S-0003-23-Corn.pdf 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 22 
 

ymptoms appear on 

older leaves (mobil'e 

rm rients) 

Pllosphorns, 

Of>) 

utrient Deficfency 

Symptom Lo cation 

Mlagnesium 

(Mg) 

Symptoms appear on 

younger leav,es 

(imm obile nutrients} 

Boron (B) H eaHhy ueaf 

Exhibit 5 

Deficiency Symptom Locations for Different Nutrients 

Figure 4: Common types of nutrient stress, and general corn leaf appearance when deficient5 

5 Adotey et al, “Visual Symptoms: A Handy Tool in Identifying Nutrient Deficiency in Corn, Cotton and Soybean,” University 

of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, 2020 

December 2021 FCIC-20660L 23