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[Senate Report 110-70]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]

                                                       Calendar No. 168
110th Congress                                                   Report
                                 SENATE
 1st Session                                                     110-70

======================================================================

 
             PERSONAL DATA PRIVACY AND SECURITY ACT OF 2007

                                _______
                                

                  May 23, 2007.--Ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

   Mr. Leahy, from the Committee on Judiciary, submits the following

                              R E P O R T

                             together with

                            ADDITIONAL VIEWS

                         [To accompany S. 495]

      [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office]

    The Committee on the Judiciary, to which was referred the 
bill (S. 495), to prevent and mitigate identity theft, to 
ensure privacy, to provide notice of security breaches, and to 
enhance criminal penalties, law enforcement assistance, and 
other protections against security breaches, fraudulent access, 
and misuse of personally identifiable information, reports 
favorably thereon with amendments, and recommends that the 
bill, with amendments, do pass.

                                CONTENTS

                                                                   Page
  I. Purpose of the Personal Data Privacy and Security Act of 2007....2
 II. History of the Bill and Committee Consideration..................7
III. Section-by-Section Summary of the Bill..........................10
 IV. Cost Estimate...................................................18
  V. Regulatory Impact Evaluation....................................25
 VI. Conclusion......................................................25
VII. Additional Views................................................26
VIII.Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill as Reported............32

    I. Purpose of the Personal Data Privacy and Security Act of 2007

                               A. SUMMARY

    Advanced technologies, combined with the realties of the 
post-
9/11 digital era, have created strong incentives and 
opportunities for collecting and selling personal information 
about ordinary Americans. Today, private sector and 
governmental entities alike routinely traffic in billions of 
electronic personal records about Americans. Americans rely on 
this data to facilitate financial transactions, provide 
services, prevent fraud, screen employees, investigate crimes, 
and find loved ones. The government also relies upon this 
information to enhance national security and to combat crime.
    The growing market for personal information has also become 
a treasure trove that is both valuable and vulnerable to 
identity thieves. As a result, the consequences of a data 
security breach can be quite serious. For Americans caught up 
in the endless cycle of watching their credit unravel, undoing 
the damage caused by security breaches and identity theft can 
become a time-consuming and life-long endeavor. In addition, 
while identity theft is a major privacy concern for most 
Americans, the use and collection of personal data by 
government agencies can have an even greater impact on 
Americans' privacy. The loss or theft of government data can 
potentially expose ordinary citizens, government employees and 
members of the armed services alike to national security and 
personal security threats.
    Despite these well-known dangers, the Nation's privacy laws 
lag far behind the capabilities of technology and the cunning 
of identity thieves. The Personal Data Privacy and Security Act 
of 2007 is a comprehensive, bipartisan privacy bill that seeks 
to close this privacy gap, by establishing meaningful national 
standards for providing notice of data security breaches, and 
addressing the underlying problem of lax data security, to make 
it less likely for data security breaches to occur in the first 
place.

  B. THE GROWING PROBLEM OF DATA SECURITY BREACHES AND IDENTITY THEFT

    According to the Privacy Rights Clearinghouse, more than 
150 million records containing sensitive personal information 
have been involved in data security breaches since 2005.\1\ 
Since the Personal Data Privacy and Security Act was first 
reported by the Judiciary Committee in November 2005, there 
have been at least 436 data security breaches in the United 
States, effecting millions of American consumers.\2\ For 
example, in January 2007, mega retailer TJX disclosed that it 
suffered the largest data breach in U.S. history--effecting at 
least 45.7 million credit and debit cards.\3\ The TJX data 
breach follows many other commercial data breaches, 
collectively effecting millions of Americans, including data 
security breaches at ChoicePoint and Lexis Nexis.\4\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ See Privacy Rights Clearinghouse Chronology of Data Breaches, 
www.privacyrights.org. A copy of this chronology appears in the 
Appendix to this report.
    \2\ Id.
    \3\ ``Breach of data at TJX is called the biggest ever, Stolen 
numbers put at 45.7 million,'' Boston Globe, March 29, 2007.
    \4\ See generally, Appendix.
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    Federal government agencies have also suffered serious data 
security breaches. In May 2006, the Department of Veterans 
Affairs lost an unsecured laptop computer hard drive containing 
the health records and other sensitive personal information of 
approximately 26.5 million veterans and their spouses.\5\ In 
April 2007, the United States Department of Agriculture 
(``USDA'') admitted that it posted personal identifying 
information on about 63,000 grant recipients on an agency 
website and acknowledged that as many as 150,000 people whose 
personal details were entered into a federal government 
database over the past 26 years could have been exposed by that 
website.\6\ And, in May, 2007, the Transportation Security 
Administration (``TSA'') reported that the personal and 
financial records of 100,000 TSA employees were lost after a 
computer hard drive was reported missing from the agency's 
headquarters, exposing the Department of Homeland Security to 
potential national security risks. \7\
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    \5\ See Testimony of the Honorable James Nicholson, Secretary of 
Veterans Affairs, before the House Committee on Government Reform, June 
8, 2006.
    \6\ See ``USDA has data breach,'' Government Computer News, April 
23, 2007.
    \7\ See ``TSA seeks hard drive, personal data for 100,000.'' USA 
Today, May 5, 2007; see also, the Federal Times, ``Union Sues TSA over 
loss of data on employees,'' May 9, 2007.
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    The steady wave of data security breaches in recent years 
is a window into a broader, more challenging trend. Insecure 
databases are now low-hanging fruit for hackers looking to 
steal identities and commit fraud.
    The current estimates of the incidence of identity theft in 
the United States vary, but they are all disturbingly high. 
According to a recent report on identity theft by the Federal 
Trade Commission, annual monetary losses due to identity theft 
are in the billions of dollars.\8\ In fact, American consumers 
collectively spend billions of dollars to recover from the 
effects of identity theft, according to the FTC.\9\ Identity 
theft also has a significant negative impact on our Nation's 
businesses. The FTC recently found that businesses suffer the 
most direct financial harm due to this illegal conduct, because 
consumers are often not held personally responsible for 
fraudulent charges.\10\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \8\ See The President's Identity Theft Task Force, Combating 
Identity Theft: A Strategic Plan, April 2007, at page 11.
    \9\ Id.
    \10\ Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Because data security breaches adversely affect many 
segments of the American community, a meaningful solution to 
this growing problem must carefully balance the interests and 
needs of consumers, business and the government.

         C. THE PERSONAL DATA PRIVACY AND SECURITY ACT OF 2007

    The Personal Data Privacy and Security Act of 2007 takes 
several meaningful and important steps to balance the interests 
and needs of consumers, business and the government in order to 
better protect Americans sensitive personal data. This 
legislation is supported by a wide range of consumer, business 
and government organizations, including, the American 
Federation of Government Employees, Business Software Alliance, 
the Center for Democracy & Technology, Consumer Federation of 
America, Consumers Union, Cyber Security Industry Alliance, 
Microsoft, the National Association of Credit Management, 
Vontu, TraceSecurity and the United States Secret Service.

1. Access and Correction

    First, to provide consumers with tools that enable them to 
guard against identity theft, S. 495 gives consumers the right 
to know what sensitive personal information commercial data 
brokers have about them. In addition, S. 495 extends the 
protections afforded under the Fair and Accurate Credit 
Transactions Act (``FACTA''), by allowing consumers to correct 
their personal information if it is inaccurate. Under 
circumstances where a business entity makes an adverse decision 
based on information provided to it by a data broker, S. 495 
also requires that the business entity notify the consumer of 
the adverse decision and provide the consumer with the 
information needed to contact the data broker and correct the 
information. The right of consumers to access and correct their 
own sensitive personal data is a simple matter of fairness. The 
principles of access and correction incorporated in S. 495 have 
precedent in the credit reporting industry context and these 
principles have been adapted to the data broker industry.

2. Data Security Program

    Second, the bill recognizes that, in the Information Age, 
any company that wants to be trusted by the public must earn 
that trust by vigilantly protecting the information that it 
uses and collects. The bill takes important steps to accomplish 
this goal, by requiring that companies that have databases with 
sensitive personal information on more than 10,000 Americans 
establish and implement a data privacy and security program. 
There are exemptions to this requirement for companies already 
subject to data security requirements under the Gramm-Leach-
Bliley Act and the Health Information Portability and 
Accountability Act.

3. Notice

    Third, because American consumers should know when they are 
at risk of identity theft, or other harms, because of a data 
security breach, the bill also requires that business entities 
and federal agencies promptly notify affected individuals and 
law enforcement when a data security breach occurs. Armed with 
such knowledge, consumers can take steps to protect themselves, 
their families, and their personal and financial well-being. 
The trigger for notice to individuals is ``significant risk of 
harm,'' and this trigger includes appropriate checks and 
balances to prevent over-notification and underreporting of 
data security breaches.
    In this regard, S. 495 recognizes that there are harms 
other than identity theft that can result from a data security 
breach, including harm from other financial crimes, stalking 
and other criminal activity. Consequently the bill adopts a 
trigger of ``significant risk of harm,'' rather than a weaker 
trigger of ``significant risk of identity theft,'' for the 
notice to individuals requirement in the legislation.\11\ There 
are exemptions to the notice requirements for individuals for 
national security and law enforcement reasons, as well as an 
exemption to this requirement for credit card companies that 
have effective fraud-prevention programs.\12\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \11\ A notice trigger based uopn ``significant risk of identity 
theft'' would weaken the notice provisions in S. 495 and such a 
standard would also fail to adequately protect consumers. First, the 
weaker ``significant risk of identity theft'' standard only requires 
notification of consumers when a business entity or federal agency 
affirmatively finds that there is a significant risk of the specific 
crime of identity theft. In addition, as discussed above, there are 
other harms that could result from data security breaches, such as 
stalking, physical harm, or threats to national security, that are not 
addressed or covered under a notice standard based solely on the risk 
of identity theft.
    \12\ In his additional views, Senator Sessions incorrectly states 
that S. 495 will result in over notification of consumers and in a lack 
of clarity for business. To the contrary, the bill contains meaningful 
checks and balances, including the risk assessment and financial fraud 
provisions in Section 312, to prevent over-notification and the 
underreporting of data security breaches. The risk assessment provision 
in Section 312(b), furthermore, provides businesses with an opportunity 
to fully evalaute data security breaches when they occur, to determine 
whether notice should be provided to consumers. In addition, the bill 
compliments and properly builds upon other federal statutes governing 
data privacy and security to ensure clarity for business in this area. 
For example, to avoid conflicting obligations regarding the bill's data 
security program requirements, Section 301(c) specifically exempts 
financial institutions that are already subject to, and complying with, 
the data privacy and security requirements under GLB, as well as HIPPA-
regulated entities. The bill also builds upon existing federal laws and 
guidance, such as the data security protections established by the 
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency for financial institutions 
and the access and correction provisions in the Fair Credit Reporting 
Act and the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act, to clarify the 
obligations of business.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    In addition, to strengthen the tools available to law 
enforcement to investigate data security breaches and to combat 
identity theft, S. 495 also requires that business entities and 
federal agencies notify the Secret Service of a data security 
breach within 14 days of the occurrence of the breach. This 
notice will provide law enforcement with a valuable head start 
in pursuing the perpetrators of cyber intrusions and identity 
theft. The bill also empowers the Secret Service to obtain 
additional information about the data breach from business 
entities and federal agencies to determine whether notice of 
the breach should be given to consumers and other law 
enforcement agencies. This mechanism gives businesses and 
agencies certainty as to their legal obligation to provide 
notice and prevents them from sending notices when they are 
unnecessary, which overtime, could result in consumers ignoring 
such notices.
    Since 1984, Congress has provided statutory authority for 
the Secret Service to investigate a wide range of financial 
crimes, including offenses under 18 U.S.C. Sec. 1028 (false 
identification fraud), Sec. 1029 (access device fraud) and 
Sec. 1030 (computer fraud). In the last two decades, the Secret 
Service has conducted more than 733,000 financial fraud and 
identity theft investigations involving these statutes, leading 
to the prosecution of more than 116,000 individuals.\13\ 
Pursuant to the notice requirements in the bill, the Secret 
Service's Criminal Intelligence Section would analyze, 
coordinate and monitor all data breach investigations reported 
to it by victim companies. When the Criminal Intelligence 
Section receives notification of a data breach, this section 
would immediately analyze the information and refer the case to 
the appropriate field office and/or electronic/financial crimes 
task force, for investigation and prosecution. Throughout this 
process, the Criminal Intelligence Section would further stand 
ready to support the victim company, investigating field office 
or task force, and prosecuting U.S. Attorney's Office as 
needed. The Criminal Intelligence Section would also coordinate 
with the Computer Crime and Intellectual Property Sections 
(``CCIPS'') of the Department of Justice to ensure proper and 
timely response through the federal judicial system, regardless 
of where the data breach occurred. In addition, the Criminal 
Intelligence Section would have the additional responsibility 
of notifying federal law enforcement and state attorneys 
general as mandated by the legislation.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \13\ See Secret Service White Paper, ``Data Broker Legislation--S. 
495,'' May 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    The bill also recognizes the benefits of separating the 
notice obligations of owners of personally identifiable 
information and third parties who use and manage personally 
identifiable information on the owner's behalf. The bill 
imposes an obligation on third parties that suffer a data 
security breach to notify the owners or licensees of the 
personally identifiable information, who would, in turn, notify 
consumers. If the owner or licensee of the data gives notice of 
the breach to the consumer, then the breached third party does 
not have to give notice. The bill also states that it does not 
abrogate any agreement between a breached entity and a data 
owner or licensee to provide the required notice in the event 
of a breach. Separating the notice obligations between data 
owners and licensees, and third parties, will encourage data 
owners and licensees to address the notice obligation in 
agreements with third parties and will help to ensure that 
consumers will receive timely notice from the entity with which 
they have a direct relationship and would recognize upon 
receiving such notice, in the event of a data security breach. 
However, this notice can only be effective if the entity which 
suffers the breach, and any other third parties, provide to the 
entity who will give the notice complete and timely information 
about the nature and scope of the breach and the identity of 
the entity breached.

4. Enforcement

    Fourth, this legislation also establishes tough, but fair, 
enforcement provisions to punish those who fail to notify 
consumers of a data security breach, or to maintain a data 
security program. The bill makes it a crime for any individual, 
who knows of the obligation to provide notice of a security 
breach, and yet, intentionally and willfully conceals the 
breach, and the breach causes economic harm to consumers. 
Violators of this provision are subject to a criminal fine 
under Title 18, or imprisonment of up to 5 years, or both. This 
provision is no more onerous than criminal provisions for other 
types of fraudulent conduct which causes similar harm to 
individuals.
    The bill also contains strong civil enforcement provisions. 
The bill authorizes the Federal Trade Commission (``FTC'') to 
bring a civil enforcement action for violations of the data 
security program requirements in the bill and to recover a 
civil penalty of not more than $5,000 per violation, per day 
and a maximum penalty of $500,000 per violation.\14\ In 
addition, the bill authorizes State Attorneys General, or the 
U.S. Attorney General, to bring a civil enforcement action 
against violators of the notice requirements in the bill and to 
recover a civil penalty of not more than $1,000 per individual, 
per day and a maximum penalty of $1,000,000 per violation, 
unless the violation is willful or intentional.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \14\ Double penalties may be recovered for intentional or willful 
violations of this provision.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

5. Preemption

    The legislation also carefully balances the need for 
federal uniformity in certain data privacy laws and the 
important role of States as leaders on privacy issues. Section 
304 of the bill (relation to other laws) preempts state laws 
with respect to requirements for administrative, technical, and 
physical safeguards for the protection of sensitive personally 
identifying information. These requirements, which are referred 
to in this Section, are the same requirements set forth in 
Section 302 of the bill.
    Section 319 of the bill (effect on federal and state laws) 
also preempts state laws on breach notification. However, in 
recognition of the important role that the States have played 
in developing breach notification, the bill carves out an 
exception to preemption for state laws regarding providing 
consumers with information about victim protection assistance 
that is provided for by the State.
    In addition, Section 319 of the bill provides that the 
notice requirements in S. 495 supersede ``any provision of law 
of any State relating to notification of a security breach, 
except as provided in Section 314(b) of the bill.'' The bill's 
subtitle on security breach notification applies to ``any 
agency, or business entity engaged in interstate commerce,'' 
and the term ``agency'' is defined in the bill by referencing 
section 551 of title 5, United States Code, which pertains to 
federal governmental entities. As a result, the security breach 
notification requirements in the bill have no application to 
State and local government entities, and the Committee does not 
intend for this provision to preempt or displace state laws 
that address obligations of State and local government entities 
to provide notice of a security breach.

6. Government Use

    Finally, the bill establishes important new checks on the 
government's use of personal data. In April 2007, the 
Government Accountability Office (``GAO'') released a new 
report on government data breaches that highlighted the 
importance of protecting government computer equipment 
containing personally identifiable information and of federal 
agencies responding effectively to data security breaches that 
pose privacy risks.\15\ To address these concerns, the bill 
requires that federal agencies consider whether data brokers 
can be trusted with government contracts that involve sensitive 
information about Americans before awarding government 
contracts. The bill also requires that Federal agencies audit 
and evaluate the information security practices of government 
contractors and third parties that support the information 
technology systems of government agencies. In addition, the 
bill requires that Federal agencies adopt regulations that 
specify the personnel allowed to access government data bases 
containing personally identifiable information and adopt 
regulations that establish the standards for ensuring, among 
other things, the legitimate government use of sensitive 
personal information.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \15\ See GAO Report on ``Privacy: Lessons Learned About Data Breach 
Notification,'' April 2007.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

          II. History of the Bill and Committee Consideration

                              A. HEARINGS

1. April 13, 2005

    On April 13, 2005, the Judiciary Committee held a hearing 
on ``Securing Electronic Personal Data: Striking a Balance 
between Privacy and Commercial and Governmental Use.'' This 
hearing examined the practices and weaknesses of the rapidly 
growing data broker industry and, in particular, how data 
brokers were handling the most sensitive personal information 
about Americans. The hearing also explored how Congress could 
establish a sound legal framework for future data privacy 
legislation that would ensure that privacy, security, and civil 
liberties will not be pushed aside in the new Digital Age.
    The following witnesses testified at this hearing: Deborah 
Platt Majoras, Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission; Chris 
Swecker, Assistant Director for the Criminal Investigative 
Division at the Federal Bureau of Investigation; Larry D. 
Johnson, Special Agent in Charge of the Criminal Investigative 
Division of the U.S. Secret Service; William H. Sorrell, 
President of the National Association of Attorneys General; 
Douglas C. Curling, President, Chief Operating Office, and 
Director of ChoicePoint, Inc.; Kurt P. Sanford, President & CEO 
of the U.S. Corporate & Federal Markets LexisNexis Group; 
Jennifer T. Barrett, Chief Privacy Officer of Acxiom Corp.; 
James X. Dempsey, Executive Director of the Center for 
Democracy & Technology; and Robert Douglas, CEO of 
PrivacyToday.com.

2. March 21, 2007

    On March 21, 2007, the Judiciary Committee's Subcommittee 
on Terrorism, Technology and Homeland Security held a hearing 
on ``Identity Theft: Innovative Solutions for an Evolving 
Problem.'' This hearing examined the problem of identity theft 
and legislative solutions to this problem, and discussed the 
need for federal legislation on data breach notification. The 
following witnesses testified at this hearing: Ronald Tenpas, 
Associate Deputy Attorney General, United States Department of 
Justice; Lydia Parnes, Director Bureau of Consumer Protection 
Federal Trade Commission; James Davis, Chief Information 
Officer and Vice Chancellor for Information Technology, 
University of California, Los Angeles; Joanne McNabb, Chief 
California Office of Privacy Protection; and Chris Jay 
Hoofnagle, Senior Staff Attorney, Samuelson Law, Technology & 
Public Policy Clinic, School of Law (Boalt Hall) University of 
California, Berkeley.

                             B. LEGISLATION

    Chairman Patrick Leahy and Ranking Member Arlen Specter 
introduced the Personal Data Privacy and Security Act of 2007 
on February 6, 2007. This bipartisan, comprehensive privacy 
bill is cosponsored by Senators Schumer, Feingold, Cardin, 
Sanders and Brown.
    This legislation is very similar to the Personal Data 
Privacy and Security Act of 2005, S. 1789, which then-Chairman 
Specter and Ranking Member Leahy introduced on September 29, 
2005. The Judiciary Committee favorably reported that 
legislation on November 17, 2005, by a bipartisan vote of 13 to 
5.
    On April 25, 2007, S. 495 was placed on the Judiciary 
Committee's agenda. The Committee considered this legislation 
on May 3, 2007.
    During the Committee's consideration of S. 495, six 
amendments to the bill were offered and five of those 
amendments were adopted by the Committee:
    First, the Committee adopted, without objection, a 
bipartisan manager's amendment to S. 495 which Chairman Leahy 
offered on behalf of himself and Senator Specter. The manager's 
amendment adds several additional privacy enhancements to the 
bill, including: (1) a definition of encryption and provision 
to encourage business entities to utilize encryption technology 
to protect personal data by establishing a presumption that no 
significant risk of harm exists when sensitive personal data is 
encrypted with appropriate safeguards; (2) a provision to 
expressly exempt debit cards and other financial account 
records from the financial fraud prevention exemption in the 
bill, to address the TJX data security breach situation where 
millions of debit card numbers were stolen and consumers had no 
right to force their financial institutions to immediately 
restore any funds stolen from the checking and savings accounts 
linked to these debit cards; (3) a provision to clarify that 
notice of the occurrence of a security breach must be given to 
the Secret Service within 14 days of the breach and that the 
Secret Service has 10 business days to review any certification 
seeking an exemption from the notice to individuals 
requirements under the bill to enhance the ability of law 
enforcement to investigate data security breaches; and (4) a 
provision requiring that the GAO provide a follow-up report to 
its April 2006 report to Congress on the federal agency use of 
data brokers.
    The Committee also adopted, without objection, an amendment 
offered by Senator Feinstein to (1) narrow the exemption for 
public records under the bill to ensure that notice to 
individuals is provided for data security breaches involving 
harvested data; (2) broaden the notice provisions under the 
bill to cover hard copy or paper data; and (3) to require that 
the Secret Service must review any certification by a business 
entity (and may review any certification by an agency) to use 
the national security exemption to the notice requirements 
under the bill and to give the Secret Service more authority to 
obtain additional information before approving this exemption; 
(4) changing the threshold for providing advance notice to 
consumer credit reporting agencies following a data security 
breach to breaches affecting more than 5,000 individuals; and 
(5) clarifying that the bill's notice provisions only preempt 
state laws that apply to entities that are actually covered by 
the bill.
    The Committee also adopted, without objection, two 
amendments offered by Senator Schumer. The first amendment 
creates an Office of Federal Identity Theft Protection within 
the FTC, to provide direct assistance to victims of identity 
theft. The Office of Federal Identity Theft Protection will, 
among other things, help consumers to restore their credit and 
access remedies under State and Federal laws and provide 
consumers with a uniform certification to establish that they 
have been victims of identity theft and are eligible for 
assistance. The second amendment requires that data brokers 
must be able to track who has access to records containing 
sensitive personal information and to verify that their 
customers who seek to access sensitive personal information are 
accessing this information for a legal purpose.
    In addition, the Committee adopted, without objection, an 
amendment offered by Senator Cardin to require that companies 
that use information provided by a data broker, and then take 
an adverse action based upon that information, notify the 
consumer adversely affected by the information and provide the 
consumer with an opportunity to access and correct the 
information. This amendment is based upon similar requirements 
in the Fair Credit Reporting Act.
    The Committee rejected by voice vote an amendment offered 
by Senator Coburn which would change the trigger for 
notification in S. 495 from ``significant risk of harm'' to 
``significant risk of identity theft.''
    Lastly, the Committee adopted, by voice vote, an amendment 
offered by Senator Whitehouse to exempt bankruptcy debtors from 
Section 707(b)(2) means testing under the Bankruptcy Abuse 
Prevention and Consumer Protection Act, if the debtor's 
financial problems were caused by identity theft. The narrowly-
tailored amendment requires that, to be eligible for this 
exemption, the identity theft must result in at least $20,000 
in debt in one year, 50 percent of the debtor's bankruptcy 
claims, or 25 percent of the debtor's gross income for a 12-
month period.
    The Committee favorably reported S. 495, as amended, by 
voice vote.

              III. Section-by-Section Summary of the Bill

 TITLE I--ENHANCING PUNISHMENT FOR IDENTITY THEFT AND OTHER VIOLATIONS 
                      OF DATA PRIVACY AND SECURITY

Section 101--Organized criminal activity in connection with 
        unauthorized access to personally identifiable information

    Section 101 amends 18 U.S.C. Sec. 1961(1) to add 
intentionally accessing a computer without authorization to the 
definition of racketeering activity.

Section 102--Concealment of security breaches involving personally 
        identifiable information

    Section 102 makes it a crime for a person who knows of a 
security breach requiring notice to individuals under Title III 
of this Act, and of the obligation to provide such notice, to 
intentionally and willfully conceal the fact of, or information 
related to, that security breach. Punishment is either a fine 
under Title 18, or imprisonment of up to 5 years, or both.

Section 103--Review and amendment of federal sentencing guidelines 
        related to fraudulent access to or misuse of digitized or 
        electronic personally identifiable information

    Section 103 requires the U.S. Sentencing Commission to 
review and, if appropriate, amend the federal sentencing 
guidelines for persons convicted of using fraud to access, or 
to misuse, digitized or electronic personally identifiable 
information, including sentencing guidelines for the offense of 
identity theft or any offense under 18 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 1028, 
1028A, 1030, 1030A, 2511 and 2701.

Section 104--Effects of identity theft on bankruptcy proceedings

    Section 104 amends 11 U.S.C. Sec. Sec. 101 and 707(b) to 
exempt debtors from Section 707(b)(2) means testing under the 
Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act, if the 
debtor's financial problems were caused by identity theft. This 
Section requires that, to be eligible for this exemption, the 
identity theft must result in at least $20,000 in debt in one 
year, 50 percent of the debtor's bankruptcy claims, or 25 
percent of the debtor's gross income for a 12-month period. The 
purpose of this provision is to ensure that victims who incur 
debts due to identity theft have all available protections 
under the bankruptcy code.

                         TITLE II--DATA BROKERS

    Title II addresses the data brokering industry that has 
come of age, prompted by technology developments and changes in 
marketplace incentives. Data brokers collect and sell billions 
of private and public records about individuals, including 
personal, financial, insurance, medical and ``lifestyle'' data, 
as well as other sensitive information, such as details on 
neighbors and relatives, or even digital photographs of 
individuals. Companies like ChoicePoint, LexisNexis and Acxiom, 
which are generally regarded as leaders in this industry, use 
this information to provide a variety of products and services, 
including fraud prevention, identity verification, background 
screening, risk assessments, individual digital dossiers and 
tools for analyzing data.
    Although some of the products and services offered by data 
brokers are subject to existing privacy and security 
protections aimed at credit reporting agencies and the 
financial industry under the Fair Credit Reporting Act 
(``FCRA'') and Gramm-Leach-Bliley (``GLB''), many are not 
subject to such protections. In addition, there has been 
insufficient oversight of the industry's practices, including 
the accuracy and handling of sensitive data. These concerns 
have been highlighted by numerous reports of harm caused by 
inaccurate data records. This Title draws from the principles 
in FCRA and GLB to close these loopholes.

Section 201--Transparency and accuracy of data collection

    Section 201 applies disclosure and accuracy requirements to 
data brokers that engage in interstate commerce and offer any 
product or service to third parties that allows access to, or 
use, compilation, distribution, processing, analyzing or 
evaluating of personally identifiable information. Section 201 
requirements are not applicable to products and services 
already subject to similar disclosure and accuracy provisions 
under FCRA and GLB, and implementing regulations.
    Section 201 requires data brokers to disclose to 
individuals, upon their request and for a reasonable fee, all 
personal electronic records pertaining to that individual that 
the data broker maintains for disclosure to third parties. 
Section 201 also requires data brokers to establish a fair 
process for individuals to dispute, flag or correct 
inaccuracies in any information that was not obtained from a 
licensor or public record. Modeled after Section 611 of FCRA, 
Section 201 requires data brokers to: (1) investigate disputed 
information within 30 days; (2) notify any data furnishers who 
provided disputed information and identify such data furnishers 
to the individual disputing the information; (3) provide notice 
to individuals on dispute resolution procedures and the status 
of dispute investigations, including whether the dispute was 
determined to be frivolous or irrelevant, whether the disputed 
information was confirmed to be accurate, or whether the 
disputed information was deleted as inaccurate; and (4) allow 
individuals to include a statement of dispute in the electronic 
records containing the disputed personal information. If the 
information was obtained from a licensor or public record, the 
data broker must provide the individual with contact 
information for the source of the data.
    Section 201 also provides that, under circumstances where a 
person or business takes an adverse action regarding a 
consumer, which is based in whole or in part on data maintained 
by a data broker, the person or business must notify the 
consumer in writing of the adverse action and provide contact 
information for the data broker that furnished the information, 
a copy of the information at no cost and the procedures for 
correcting such information.

Section 202--Enforcement

    A data broker that violates the access and correction 
provisions of Section 201 is subject to penalties of $1,000 per 
violation per day with a maximum penalty of $250,000 per 
violation. A data broker that intentionally or willfully 
violates these provisions is subject to additional penalties of 
$1,000 per violation per day, with a maximum of an additional 
penalty of $250,000 per violation.
    The Federal Trade Commission (``FTC'') will enforce Section 
202 and may bring an enforcement action to recover penalties 
under this provision. States have the right to bring civil 
actions under this Section on behalf of their residents in U.S. 
district courts, and this section requires that States provide 
advance notice of such court proceedings to the FTC, where 
practicable. The FTC also has the right to stay any state 
action brought under this Section and to intervene in a state 
action.

Section 203--Relation to State laws

    Section 203 preempts State laws with respect to the access 
and correction of personal electronic records held by data 
brokers.

Section 204--Effective date

    Section 204 provides that Title II will take effect 180 
days after the date of the enactment of the Personal Data 
Privacy and Security Act.

 TITLE III--PRIVACY AND SECURITY OF PERSONALLY IDENTIFIABLE INFORMATION

            SUBTITLE A--A DATA PRIVACY AND SECURITY PROGRAM

Section 301--Purpose and applicability of data privacy and security 
        program

    Section 301 addresses the data privacy and security 
requirements of Section 302 for business entities that compile, 
access, use, process, license, distribute, analyze or evaluate 
personally identifiable information in electronic or digital 
form on 10,000 or more U.S. persons. Section 301 exempts from 
the data privacy and security requirements of Section 302 
businesses already subject to, and complying with, similar data 
privacy and security requirements under GLB and implementing 
regulations, as well as examination for compliance by Federal 
functional regulators as defined in GLB, and HIPPA regulated 
entities.

Section 302--Requirements for a data privacy and security program

    Section 302 requires covered business entities to create a 
data privacy and security program to protect and secure 
sensitive data. The requirements for the data security program 
are modeled after those established by the Office of the 
Comptroller of the Currency for financial institutions in its 
Interagency Guidelines Establishing Standards for Safeguarding 
Customer Information, 12 C.F.R. Sec. 30.6 Appendix B (2005).
    A data privacy and security program must be designed to 
ensure security and confidentiality of personal records, 
protect against anticipated threats and hazards to the security 
and integrity of personal electronic records, protect against 
unauthorized access and use of personal records, and ensure 
proper back-up storage and disposal of personally identifiable 
information. In addition, Section 302 requires a covered 
business entity to: (1) regularly assess, manage and control 
risks to improve its data privacy and security program; (2) 
provide employee training to implement its data privacy and 
security program; (3) conduct tests to identify system 
vulnerabilities; (4) ensure that overseas service providers 
retained to handle personally identifiable information, but 
which are not covered by the provisions of this Act, take 
reasonable steps to secure that data; and (5) periodically 
assess its data privacy and security program to ensure that the 
program addresses current threats. Section 302 also requires 
that the data security program include measures that allow the 
data broker (1) to track who has access to sensitive personally 
identifiable information maintained by the data broker and (2) 
to ensure that third parties or customers who are authorized to 
access this information have a valid legal reason for accessing 
or acquiring the information.

Section 303--Enforcement

    Section 303 gives the FTC the right to bring an enforcement 
action for violations of Sections 301 and 302 in Subtitle A. 
Business entities that violate sections 301 and 302 are subject 
to a civil penalty of not more than $5,000 per violation, per 
day and a maximum penalty of $500,000 per violation. 
Intentional and willful violations of these sections are 
subject to an additional civil penalty of $5,000 per violation, 
per day and an additional maximum penalty of $500,000 per 
violation. This section also grants States the right to bring 
civil actions on behalf of their residents in U.S. district 
courts, and requires States to give advance notice of such 
court proceedings to the FTC, where practicable. There is no 
private right of action under this subtitle.

Section 304--Relation to other laws

    Section 304 preempts state laws relating to administrative, 
technical, and physical safeguards for the protection of 
sensitive personally identifying information. The requirements 
referred to in this Section are the same requirements set forth 
in Section 302.

                SUBTITLE B--SECURITY BREACH NOTIFICATION

Section 311--Notice to individuals

    Section 311 requires that a business entity or federal 
agency give notice to an individual whose sensitive personally 
identifiable information has been, or is reasonably believed to 
have been, compromised, following the discovery of a data 
security breach. The notice required under Section 311 must be 
made without unreasonable delay. Section 311(b) requires that a 
business entity or federal agency that does not own or license 
the information compromised as a result of a data security 
breach notify the owner or licensee of the data. The owner or 
licensee of the data would then provide the notice to 
individuals as required under this Section. However, agreements 
between owners, licensees and third parties regarding the 
obligation to provide notice under Section 311 are preserved.

Section 312--Exemptions

    Section 312 allows a business entity or federal agency to 
delay notification by providing a written certification to the 
U.S. Secret Service that providing such notice would impede a 
criminal investigation, or damage national security. This 
provision further requires that the Secret Service must review 
all certifications from business entities (and may review 
certifications from agencies) seeking an exemption from the 
notice requirements based upon national security or law 
enforcement, to determine if the exemption sought has merit. 
The Secret Service has 10 business days to conduct this review, 
which can be extended by the Secret Service if additional 
information is needed. Upon completion of the review, the 
Secret Service must provide written notice of its determination 
to the agency or business entity that provided the 
certification. If the Secret Service determines that the 
exemption is without merit, the exemption will not apply. 
Section 312 also prohibits federal agencies from providing a 
written certification to delay notice, to conceal violations of 
law, prevent embarrassment or restrain competition.
    Section 312(b) exempts a business entity or agency that 
conducts a risk assessment after a data breach occurs, and 
finds no significant risk of harm to the individuals whose 
sensitive personally identifiable information has been 
compromised, from the notice requirements of Section 311, 
provided that: (1) the business entity or federal agency 
notifies the Secret Service of the results of the risk 
assessment within 45 days of the security breach and (2) the 
Secret Service does not determine within 10 business days of 
receipt the notification that a significant risk of harm does 
in fact exist and that notice of the breach should be given. 
Under Section 312(b) a rebuttable presumption exists that the 
use of encryption technology, or other technologies that render 
the sensitive personally identifiable information 
indecipherable, and thus, that there is no significant risk of 
harm.
    Section 312(c) also provides a financial fraud prevention 
exemption from the notice requirement, if a business entity has 
a program to block the fraudulent use of information--such as 
credit card numbers--to avoid fraudulent transactions. Debit 
cards and other financial instruments are not covered by this 
exemption.

Section 313--Methods of notice

    Section 313 provides that notice to individuals may be 
given in writing to the individual's last known address, by 
telephone or via email notice, if the individual has consented 
to email notice. Media notice is also required if the number of 
residents in a particular state whose information was, or is 
reasonably believed to have been compromised exceeds 5,000 
individuals.

Section 314--Content of notification

    Section 314 requires that the notice detail the nature of 
the personally identifiable information that has been 
compromised by the data security breach, a toll free number to 
contact the business entity or federal agency that suffered the 
breach, and the toll free numbers and addresses of major credit 
reporting agencies. Section 314 also preserves the right of 
States to require that additional information about victim 
protection assistance be included in the notice.

Section 315--Coordination of notification with credit reporting 
        agencies

    Section 315 requires that, for situations where notice of a 
data security breach is required for 5,000 or more individuals, 
a business entity or federal agency must also provide advance 
notice of the breach to consumer reporting agencies.

Section 316--Notice to law enforcement

    Section 316 requires that business entities and federal 
agencies notify the Secret Service of the fact that a security 
breach occurred within 14 days of the breach, if the data 
security breach involves: (1) more than 10,000 individuals; (2) 
a database that contains information about more than 1 million 
individuals; (3) a federal government database; or (4) 
individuals known to be government employees or contractors 
involved in national security or law enforcement. The Secret 
Service is responsible for notifying other federal law 
enforcement agencies, including the FBI, and the relevant State 
Attorneys General within 14 days of receiving notice of a data 
security breach.

Section 317--Enforcement

    Section 317 allows the Attorney General to bring a civil 
action to recover penalties for violations of the notification 
requirements in Subtitle B. Violators are subject to a civil 
penalty of up to $1,000 per day, per individual and a maximum 
penalty of $1 million per violation, unless the violation is 
willful or intentional.

Section 318--Enforcement by State Attorneys General

    Section 318 allows State Attorneys General to bring a civil 
action in U.S. district court to enforce Subtitle B. The 
Attorney General may stay, or intervene in, any state action 
brought under this subtitle.

Section 319--Effect on Federal and State law

    Section 319 preempts state laws on breach notification, 
with the exception of state laws regarding providing consumers 
with information about victim protection assistance that is 
available to consumers in a particular State. Because the 
breach notification requirements in the bill do not apply to 
state and local government entities, this provision does not 
preempt state or local laws regarding the obligations of state 
and local government entities to provide notice of a data 
security breach.

Section 320--Authorization of appropriations

    Section 320 authorizes funds for the Secret Service as may 
be necessary to carry out investigations and risk assessments 
of security breaches under the requirements of Subtitle B.

Section 321--Reporting on risk assessment exemptions

    Section 321 requires that the Secret Service report to 
Congress on the number and nature of data security breach 
notices invoking the risk assessment exemption and the number 
and nature of data security breaches subject to the national 
security and law enforcement exemptions.

Section 322--Effective date

    Subtitle B takes effect 90 days after the date of enactment 
of the Personal Data Privacy and Security Act.

           SUBTITLE C--OFFICE OF FEDERAL IDENTITY PROTECTION

Section 331--Office of Federal Identity Protection

    Section 331 establishes an Office of Federal Identity 
Protection within the FTC, to assist consumers with identity 
theft issues and concerns, including helping consumers correct 
their personal information and retrieve stolen information. The 
Office of Federal Identity Protection's activities will also 
include, providing a website dedicated to assisting consumers 
with identity theft matters, providing a toll free number to 
assist consumers, providing guidance and information on 
obtaining pro bono legal services for victims of identity 
theft, and issuing certifications to victims of identity theft 
that can be used to, among other things, establish eligibility 
for fraud alert and reporting protections under the Fair Credit 
Reporting Act.

       TITLE IV--GOVERNMENT ACCESS TO AND USE OF COMMERCIAL DATA

Section 401--General Services Administration review of government 
        contracts

    Section 401 requires the General Services Administration 
(GSA), when issuing contracts for more than $500,000, to review 
and consider government contractors' programs for securing the 
privacy and security of personally identifiable information, 
contractors' compliance with such programs, and any data 
security breaches of contractors' systems and the responses to 
those breaches.
    In addition, GSA is required to include penalties in 
contracts involving personally identifiable information for (1) 
failure to comply with Subtitle A (Data Privacy and Security 
Programs) and Subtitle B (Security Breach Notification) of 
Title III of this Act and (2) knowingly providing inaccurate 
information. Section 401 also requires that GSA include a 
contract requirement that government contractors exercise due 
diligence in selecting service providers that handle personally 
identifiable information and that government contractors take 
reasonable steps to select service providers that maintain 
appropriate data privacy and security safeguards.

Section 402--Requirement to audit information security practices of 
        contractors and third party business entities

    Section 402 amends 44 U.S.C. Sec. 3544 to require that 
federal agencies audit and evaluate the information security 
practices of government contractors and third parties that 
support the information technology systems of government 
agencies.

Section 403--Privacy impact assessment of Government use of commercial 
        information services containing personally identifiable 
        information

    Section 403(a) updates the E-Government Act of 2002 to 
require federal departments and agencies that purchase or 
subscribe to personally identifiable information from a 
commercial entity, to conduct privacy impact assessments on the 
use of those services. In addition, Section 403(b) requires 
federal departments and agencies that use such services to 
publish a description of the database, the name of the provider 
and the contract amount.
    Section 403 also requires that federal departments and 
agencies adopt regulations that specify the personnel allowed 
to access government databases containing personally 
identifiable information and the standards for ensuring, among 
other things, the legitimate government use of such 
information, the retention and disclosure of such information, 
and the accuracy, relevance, completeness and timeliness of 
such information. Section 403 further provides that federal 
departments and agencies must include in contracts for more 
than $500,000 and agreements with commercial data services, 
penalty provisions for circumstances where a data broker 
delivers personally identifiable information that it knows to 
be inaccurate, or has been informed is inaccurate and is in 
fact inaccurate. Section 403(c) also requires that data brokers 
that engage service providers, who are not subject to the data 
security program requirements of the bill, exercise due 
diligence in retaining these service providers to ensure that 
adequate safeguards for personally identifiable information are 
in place.
    Section 403(d) directs the Government Accountability Office 
to conduct a follow-up study and report to Congress on federal 
agency use of commercial databases, including the impact of 
such use on privacy and security, sufficiency of privacy and 
security protections, and the extent to which commercial data 
providers are penalized for privacy and security failures.

Section 404--Implementation of Chief Privacy Officer requirements

    Section 522 of the Transportation, Treasury, Independent 
Agencies, and General Government Appropriations Act, 2005 
requires each agency to create a Chief Privacy Officer. Section 
404 facilitates the efficient and effective implementation of 
this requirement by directing the Department of Justice to 
implement this provision by designating a Department-wide Chief 
Privacy Officer, whose primary role is to fulfill the duties 
and responsibilities of Chief Privacy Officer. In addition, the 
DOJ Chief Privacy Officer will report directly to the Deputy 
Attorney General.
    Section 404 also stipulates responsibilities for the DOJ 
Chief Privacy Officer that are tailored to the mission of the 
Department and the requirements of this Act. Specifically, this 
Section directs the Chief Privacy Officer to: (1) oversee DOJ's 
implementation of the privacy impact assessment requirement 
under Section 402; (2) promote the use of law enforcement 
technologies that sustain, rather than erode, privacy 
protections and ensure technologies relating to the use, 
collection and disclosure of personally identifiable 
information preserve privacy and security; and (3) coordinate 
implementation with the Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight 
Board, established in the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism 
Prevention Act of 2004.

             IV. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate

                                                      May 17, 2007.
Hon. Patrick J. Leahy,
Chairman, Committee on the Judiciary,
U.S. Senate, Washington, DC.
    Dear Mr. Chairman: The Congressional Budget Office has 
prepared the enclosed cost estimate for S. 495, the Personal 
Data Privacy and Security Act of 2007.
    If you wish further details on this estimate, we will be 
pleased to provide them. The CBO staff contact is Susan Willie.
            Sincerely,
                                                   Peter R. Orszag.
    Enclosure.

S. 495--Personal Data Privacy and Security Act of 2007

    Summary: S. 495 would establish new federal crimes relating 
to the unauthorized access of sensitive personal information. 
The bill also would require most government agencies or 
business entities that collect, transmit, store, or use 
personal information to notify any individuals whose 
information has been unlawfully accessed. In addition, S. 495 
would require data brokers to allow individuals access to their 
electronic records and publish procedures for individuals to 
respond to inaccuracies. Finally, the bill would establish the 
Office of Federal Identity Protection (OFIP) within the Federal 
Trade Commission (FTC) to assist victims of identity theft to 
restore the accuracy of their personal information.
    Assuming appropriation of the necessary amounts, CBO 
estimates that implementing the provisions of S. 495 would cost 
$30 million in 2008 and $335 million over the 2008-2012 period. 
Enacting S. 495 could increase civil and criminal penalties and 
thus could affect federal revenues and direct spending, but CBO 
estimates that such effects would not be significant in any 
year. Further, enacting S. 495 could affect direct spending by 
agencies not funded through annual appropriations. CBO 
estimates, however, that any changes in net spending by those 
agencies would be negligible.
    S. 495 contains intergovernmental mandates as defined in 
the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA), but CBO estimates that 
the cost of complying with the requirements would be small and 
would not exceed the threshold established in UMRA ($66 million 
in 2007, adjusted annually for inflation).
    S. 495 would impose several private-sector mandates as 
defined in UMRA. The bill would impose data security standards 
and procedures, and notification requirements on certain 
private-sector entities. In addition, it would require data 
brokers to provide individuals with their personally 
identifiable information if requested, and to change the 
information if it is incorrect. Finally, the bill would require 
any entity taking an adverse action against an individual based 
on information maintained by a data broker to notify the 
individual of that action. Because of uncertainty about the 
number of entities that are already in compliance with the data 
security and notification mandates, CBO cannot estimate the 
incremental cost of complying with those mandates. Further, the 
number of requests for information and the incidence of adverse 
actions that would occur under the bill are uncertain. 
Consequently, CBO cannot determine whether the aggregate direct 
cost of mandates in the bill would exceed the annual threshold 
established by UMRA for private-sector mandates ($131 million 
in 2007, adjusted annually for inflation).
    Estimated cost to the Federal Government: The estimated 
budgetary impact of S. 495 is shown in the following table. The 
costs of this legislation fall within budget functions 370 
(commerce and housing credit), 750 (administration of justice), 
and 800 (general government).

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       By fiscal year, in millions of dollars--
                                                                    --------------------------------------------
                                                                       2008     2009     2010     2011     2012
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                  CHANGES IN SPENDING SUBJECT TO APPROPRIATION

FTC Office of Federal Identity Protection:
    Estimated Authorization Level..................................       33       66       69       73       76
    Estimated Outlays..............................................       30       63       69       72       76
Other Provisions:
    Estimated Authorization Level..................................        3        5        7        7        7
    Estimated Outlays..............................................        1        3        7        7        7
    Total Changes:
        Estimated Authorization Level..............................       36       71       76       80       83
        Estimated Outlays..........................................       31       66       76       79       83
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Basis of Estimate: For this estimate, CBO assumes that the 
bill will be enacted during fiscal year 2007, that the 
necessary amounts will be provided each year, and that spending 
will follow historical patterns for similar programs.
            Spending subject to appropriation
    S. 495 would require most government agencies or business 
entities that collect, transmit, store, or use personal 
information to notify any individuals whose information has 
been unlawfully accessed. The bill also would establish the 
Office of Federal Identity Protection within the FTC to help 
victims of identity theft correct their personal records. CBO 
estimates that implementing the provisions of S. 495 would cost 
$335 million over the 2008-2012 period, assuming appropriation 
of the necessary amounts.
    Security Breach Notification. In the event of a security 
breach of government information likely to involve personal 
information, S. 495 would require government agencies to notify 
an individual whose information may have been compromised. The 
legislation defines personal information as a combination of a 
person's name or financial information with any additional 
unique identifier. Notification would be in the form of 
individual notice (written notice to a home mailing address or 
via e-mail) as well as through the mass media and credit-
reporting agencies if the security breach affects more than 
5,000 individuals. The legislation also would require the 
agency to provide affected individuals with a description of 
the accessed information, a toll-free number to contact the 
agency, the names and toll-free telephone numbers of the major 
credit-reporting agencies, and information regarding state 
victim assistance protections.
    The Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002 
sets requirements for securing the federal government's 
information systems, including the protection of personal 
privacy. The National Institute of Standards and Technology 
develops information security standards and guidelines for 
other federal agencies, and the Office of Management and Budget 
(OMB) oversees information technology security policies and 
practices. OMB estimates that federal agencies spend around 
$5.5 billion a year to secure the government's information 
systems.
    S. 495 would codify the current practices of the federal 
government regarding data security and security breach 
notification procedures. While existing laws generally do not 
require agencies to notify affected individuals of data 
breaches, agencies that have experienced security breaches have 
generally provided such notification. Therefore, CBO expects 
that codifying this practice would probably not lead to a 
significant increase in spending. Nonetheless, the federal 
government is also one of the largest providers, collectors, 
consumers, and disseminators of personnel information in the 
United States. Although, CBO cannot anticipate the number of 
security breaches, a significant breach of security involving a 
major collector of personnel information, such as the Internal 
Revenue Service or the Social Security Administration, could 
involve millions of individuals and there would be significant 
costs to notify individuals of such a security breach.
    S. 495 also would require a business entity or agency--
under certain circumstances-to notify the Secret Service that a 
security breach has occurred. The bill also would permit 
entities or agencies to apply to the Secret Service for 
exemption from the bill's notice requirements if the personal 
data was encrypted or similarly protected or if notification 
would threaten national security. Based on information from the 
Secret Service, CBO estimates that any additional investigative 
or administrative costs to that agency would likely be less 
than $500,000 annually, subject to the availability of 
appropriated funds.
    Federal Trade Commission. The bill would establish the 
Office of Federal Identity Protection (OFIP) within the FTC. 
The OFIP would be responsible for providing individuals with 
information and assistance when their personal information has 
been stolen or compromised. Individuals would be able to 
request assistance that would include accessing remedies 
available under federal law, restoring the accuracy of personal 
information, and retrieving stolen information. FTC would be 
required to develop regulations to enable the OFIP to help 
restore stolen or otherwise compromised information.
    Under current law, the FTC provides general assistance to 
individuals who call a toll-free number with questions about 
identity theft or who believe they are the victim of identity 
theft. Counselors are trained to provide information regarding 
steps consumers must take to restore the accuracy of their 
personal information; FTC has entered into a contract with an 
independent call center to provide assistance and be reimbursed 
based on the time of each call. This toll-free system received 
approximately 200,000 complaints in 2006, as well as about 
90,000 calls for general information.
    By requiring the FTC to develop customer-service teams to 
provide a higher level of assistance than is offered under 
current law, CBO expects that the amount of time counselors 
spend with each individual would increase significantly. Under 
the bill, counselors, rather than the individual, would be 
expected to take the necessary steps to restore the accuracy of 
an individual's personal information and any records containing 
that information that were stolen or compromised. To accomplish 
this, counselors would spend more time on the phone with 
individuals collecting relevant information and make additional 
calls to creditors and credit-reporting agencies to alert them 
to the compromised information in their records. Currently, 
counselors spend an average of eight minutes per call answering 
questions and suggesting follow-up actions the individual must 
take to correct his or her personal information. The FTC has 
estimated that S. 495 would increase the amount of time 
counselors spend on the phone from eight minutes to more than 
two hours (including calls to an individual and calls to 
creditors and credit-reporting agencies). CBO expects that call 
volume also would increase as individuals become aware of the 
additional assistance available. Assuming appropriation of the 
necessary amounts, CBO estimates that the additional time 
counselors spend on the phone with individuals, creditors, and 
credit-reporting agencies would cost about $30 million in 2008 
and $310 million over the 2008-2012 period.
    Other provisions of the bill would require the FTC to 
develop and enforce provisions that would require data brokers 
to allow individuals to access their personal information and 
provisions that would require companies to assess the 
vulnerability of their data systems. FTC would be authorized to 
collect civil penalties for violations of those new 
regulations. CBO estimates that implementing those provisions 
would have no significant effect on spending.
    Other Provisions. S. 495 also would require several reports 
to the Congress by federal agencies concerning data security 
issues. The legislation would require agencies to conduct 
additional privacy impact assessments on commercially purchased 
private-sector data that contains personally identifiable 
information. Under the bill, the Government Accountability 
Office would report to the Congress on federal agencies' use of 
private-sector information. In addition, the General Services 
Administration (GSA) would provide additional security 
assessments for certain government contracts involving 
personally identifiable information. This would largely involve 
payroll processing, emergency response and recall, and medical 
data. Based on information from OMB and GSA, CBO estimates that 
the additional staff to fulfill those tasks and reporting 
requirements under the legislation would cost $7 million 
annually when fully implemented. For this estimate, we assume 
that the implementation process would take about three years.
            Direct spending and revenues
    S. 495 would establish new federal crimes relating to the 
unauthorized access of sensitive personal information. Enacting 
the bill could increase collections of civil and criminal fines 
for violations of the bill's provisions. CBO estimates that any 
additional collections would not be significant because of the 
relatively small number of additional cases likely to be 
affected. Civil fines are recorded as revenues. Criminal fines 
are recorded as revenues, deposited in the Crime Victims Fund, 
and subsequently spent without further appropriation.
    Estimated impact on state, local, and tribal governments: 
S. 495 contains intergovernmental mandates as defined in UMRA. 
Specifically, S. 495 would:
           Preempt state laws in 35 states regarding 
        the treatment of personal information;
           Place certain procedural requirements and 
        limitations on state attorneys general and state 
        insurance authorities; and
           Preempt state or local law by requiring 
        state and local jurisdictions to accept a certification 
        by the Office of Federal Identity Protection to grant 
        individuals access to business records used in 
        fraudulent transactions.
    The preemptions would impose no costs on states. CBO 
estimates that the costs to attorneys general of complying with 
the procedural requirements would be small and would not exceed 
the threshold established in UMRA ($66 million in 2007, 
adjusted annually for inflation).
    Estimated impact on the private sector: S. 495 would impose 
several private-sector mandates as defined in UMRA. The bill 
would:
           Require certain entities to establish and 
        maintain a data privacy and security program;
           Require entities engaged in interstate 
        commerce to notify individuals if a security breach 
        occurs in which such individuals' sensitive, personally 
        identifiable information is compromised;
           Require data brokers to provide individuals 
        with their personally identifiable information and to 
        change the information if it is incorrect; and,
           Require any entity taking an adverse action 
        against an individual based on information obtained 
        from a database maintained by a data broker to the 
        individual of that action.
    Because of uncertainty about the number of entities that 
are already in compliance with the data security and 
notification mandates, CBO cannot estimate the incremental cost 
of complying with those mandates. Further, the number of 
requests for information and the incidence of adverse actions 
that would occur under the bill are uncertain. Consequently, 
CBO cannot determine whether the aggregate direct cost of 
mandates in the bill would exceed the annual threshold 
established by UMRA for private-sector mandates ($131 million 
in 2007, adjusted annually for inflation).
            Data privacy and security requirements
    Subtitle A of title III would require certain business 
entities engaging in interstate commerce that involves 
collecting, accessing, transmitting, using, storing, or 
disposing of sensitive, personally identifiable information in 
electronic or digital form on more than 10,000 individuals to 
establish and maintain a data privacy and security program. The 
bill would direct the FTC to develop rules that identify 
privacy and security requirements for business entities. 
Business entities would be required to conduct risk assessments 
to identify possible security risks in establishing the 
program. They also would have to conduct periodic vulnerability 
testing on their programs. Additionally, entities would have to 
train their employees.
    Some entities would be exempt from the requirements of 
subtitle A. These include certain financial institutions that 
are subject to the data security requirements under the Gramm-
Leach-Bliley Act and entities that are subject to the data 
security requirements of the Health Insurance Portability and 
Accountability Act.
    The per-entity cost of the data privacy and security 
requirements would depend on the rules to be established by the 
FTC, the size of the entity, and the amount of sensitive, 
personally identifiable information maintained by the entity. 
According to industry and government sources, many states 
already have laws requiring business entities to utilize data 
security programs, and moreover, it is the current practice of 
many businesses to use security measures to protect sensitive 
data. However, because of uncertainty about the number of 
entities that are already in compliance with the data security 
mandates, CBO cannot estimate the incremental cost of complying 
with those mandates.
            Security breach notification
    Subtitle B of title III would require certain business 
entities engaged in interstate commerce that use, access, 
transmit, store, dispose of, or collect sensitive personally 
identifiable information to notify individuals in the event of 
a security breach if the individuals' sensitive, personally 
identifiable information is compromised. Entities would be able 
to notify individuals using written letters, the telephone, or 
email under certain circumstances. The bill also would require 
those entities to notify the owner or licensee of any such 
information that the entity does not own or license. The bill, 
however, would exempt business entities from the notification 
requirements under certain circumstances.
    Business entities would be required to notify other 
entities and agencies in the event of a large security breach. 
The additional notification requirements are:
           If more than 5,000 individuals are affected 
        by a security breach, the entities would be required to 
        notify appropriate consumer reporting agencies that 
        compile and maintain files on consumers on a nationwide 
        basis.
           If more than 5,000 individuals are affected 
        by a security breach in a state, the entity would be 
        required to notify major media outlets serving that 
        state or jurisdiction.
           Entities would be required to notify the 
        Secret Service if:
                  --More than 10,000 individuals are affected 
                by a security breach.
                  --A security breach involves a database that 
                contains sensitive, personally identifiable 
                information on more than one million people.
                  --A security breach involves databases owned 
                by the federal government.
                  --A security breach involves sensitive, 
                personally identifiable information of 
                employees or contractors of the federal 
                government involved in national security or law 
                enforcement.
    According to industry and government sources, millions of 
individuals' sensitive personally identifiable information is 
illegally accessed every year. However, according to those 
sources, 38 states already have laws requiring notification in 
the event of a security breach. In addition, it is the current 
practice of many business entities to notify individuals in the 
event of a security breach. Because of uncertainty about the 
number of entities that are already in compliance with the 
notification mandates, CBO cannot estimate the incremental cost 
of complying with the notification requirement under the bill.
            Requirements for data brokers
    Section 201 would require certain data brokers to disclose 
all personal electronic records relating to an individual that 
are kept primarily for third parties if requested by the 
individual. The bill defines a data broker as a business entity 
which for monetary fees or dues regularly engages in the 
practice of collecting, transmitting, or providing access to 
sensitive, personally identifiable information on more than 
5,000 individuals who are not the customers or employees of 
that business entity or affiliate primarily for the purposes of 
providing such information to nonaffiliated third parties on an 
interstate basis.
    Additionally, if an individual disputes the accuracy of the 
information that is contained in the data brokers' records, the 
data brokers would be required to change the information or 
provide the individual with contact information for the source 
from which they obtained the individual's information. Data 
brokers could determine that some requests to change an 
individual's information are frivolous. However, the data 
brokers would be required to notify any individual requesting a 
change of information of the action taken.
    The cost of providing records upon request depends on the 
costs of gathering and distributing the information to 
individuals and the number of individuals requesting their 
information. Under the bill, data brokers would be allowed to 
charge a reasonable fee for this service. Data brokers would 
likely be able to cover their costs of providing individuals 
with their personal information with the fee they could charge. 
The cost to data brokers of having to change individuals' 
information and notifying the individuals could be large. 
According to information from industry sources, however, some 
data brokers already correct information based on the 
individual requests. Because of uncertainty about the number of 
individuals who would request information under the bill and as 
a result of those requests, the amount of information that 
would need to changed, CBO cannot estimate the cost of this 
mandate.
            Adverse actions using information from data brokers
    The section also would require any entity taking an adverse 
action with respect to an individual based on information 
contained in a personal electronic record maintained, updated, 
owned, or possessed by a data broker to notify the individual 
of the adverse action. The notification can be written or 
electronic and must include certain information about the data 
broker. While the per-individual cost of notification would be 
small, the cost of complying with the mandate would depend on 
the number of adverse actions that would be taken against 
individuals by entities. CBO does not have enough information 
about the incidence of such actions to determine the direct 
cost of complying with the mandate.
    Estimate prepared by: Federal costs: Federal Agencies--
Matthew Pickford; Federal Trade Commission--Susan Willie; U.S. 
Secret Service--Mark Grabowicz. Impact on state, local, and 
tribal governments: Elizabeth Cove. Impact on the private 
sector: Paige Piper/Bach.
    Estimate approved by: Peter H. Fontaine, Deputy Assistant 
Director for Budget Analysis.

                    V. Regulatory Impact Evaluation

    In compliance with rule XXVI of the Standing Rules of the 
Senate, the Committee finds that no significant regulatory 
impact will result from the enactment of S. 495.

                             VI. Conclusion

    The Personal Data Privacy and Security Act of 2007, S. 495, 
provides greatly-needed privacy protections to American 
consumers, to ensure that all Americans have the tools 
necessary to protect themselves from identity theft and other 
data security risks. This legislation will also ensure that the 
most effective mechanisms and technologies for dealing with the 
underlying problem of lax data security are implemented by the 
Nation's businesses to help prevent data breaches from 
occurring in the first place. The passage and enactment of this 
important privacy legislation is long overdue.

                         VII. Additional Views

                  ADDITIONAL VIEWS OF SENATOR SESSIONS

    This legislation deals with two issues that are very 
important to me and to the citizens of Alabama: data security 
and identity theft. I commend my colleague, Senator Shelby, for 
his efforts to address this issue through the Senate Banking 
Committee. In fact, as discussed in greater detail below, some 
of the items that S. 495 addresses fall within the jurisdiction 
of the Senate Banking Committee, and are inappropriate topics 
for Senate Judiciary Committee legislation.
    I fully support many of the purported goals of this 
legislation: the protection of sensitive personal information 
by entities that have custody of it; and providing consumers 
with the ability to protect themselves in the event that a data 
breach could lead to a significant risk of identity theft. I 
believe this risk-based standard is essential if we are to 
avoid defeating the purpose for which the legislation has been 
designed to address. Unfortunately, I cannot support S. 495 and 
fear that it not only strays too far from these core 
objectives, but the manner in which it is crafted will likely 
have significant negative impacts on the consumer, and 
eventually the economy at large.
    While I commend the Chairman's efforts in this area, I feel 
that S. 495 is not the most effective, well drafted effort from 
the Judiciary Committee on this issue. This legislation not 
only contains a number of potentially harmful policy decisions, 
but it also has some significant drafting flaws as well. These 
problems will reduce protections for consumers, increasing 
their chances of becoming victims of identity theft by 
undermining fraud detection and authentication tools, making 
them less reliable. Additionally, they will lead to over-
notification of consumers when data breaches occur, thereby 
diluting the effectiveness of consumer notice. Finally, I 
believe S. 495 creates internally inconsistent and confusing 
burdens on companies, with no quantifiable benefit to the 
consumer.

                               BACKGROUND

    Identity theft is a very important issue facing America 
today, and both business and government has spent a tremendous 
amount of time and effort to understand and combat this crime. 
For instance, law enforcement at the federal, state and local 
levels have started to cooperate more with each other, and with 
international law enforcement, to pursue the perpetrators of 
these crimes. Similarly, as noted in detail by the President's 
Identity Theft Task Force Report, released after 10 months of 
study on April 11, 2007, the business community, which 
ultimately bears the major financial cost of credit fraud 
associated with identity theft,\16\ has spent literally 
billions of dollars enhancing data security, building better 
ways to detect and stop fraud and identity theft before it 
occurs, and working with victims. These efforts are starting to 
pay off. Consider the following:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \16\ President's ID Theft Task Force Report: Combating Identity 
Theft, A Strategic Plan, p. 11a.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Identity theft complaints were down 3.7% in 
        2006, and credit card complaints have been declining, 
        as well, down 18.75% between 2003 and 2005. Fraudulent 
        new account openings for credit cards have decreased 
        most significantly since the first year that the FTC 
        gathered statistics, down 19.17% between 2003 and 2005.
           FTC survey data shows a downward trend in 
        total victims from 10.1 million in 2002 to 8.9 million 
        in 2005, an 11.9% reduction; and
           FTC data show that complaints in a variety 
        of key categories have held steady or dropped between 
        2003 and 2005.
    While the problems of identity theft are still too big, and 
need to be addressed, progress is being made. The goal of 
legislation to address these issues, therefore, should be to 
build upon the success that consumers, law enforcement and 
business have already started to achieve, not to undermine that 
progress.
    Therefore, the first step in addressing this issue is to 
ensure that consumers have the tools to protect themselves in 
the event of a data breach. Americans need to know that when 
information pertaining to them is compromised in a way that may 
jeopardize their identities, they will be notified. Without 
such a risk-based notice, they will be aware that they need to 
take steps to protect their identities after a data breach 
occurs. This straddle between the occurrences of a breach and 
when consumers should be notified is a critical issue that 
needed to be effectively addressed through legislation, and yet 
it did not happen. We know from the experience of the Gramm-
Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) that over-notification leads to 
consumer apathy, with the results that consumers are exposed to 
increasing risks. This problem, however, was not adequately 
addressed by S. 495.
    In addition, Congress should build upon the statutes 
already in place to ensure that companies who hold sensitive 
personal data take reasonable steps to protect that data. In 
this respect, I commend the Chairman for extending the GLBA 
Safeguards Rule to non-financial entities. Consumers deserve to 
have data that pertains to them protected, no matter whether 
the custodian is a financial institution, a retailer, or a non-
profit. Adoption of a targeted bill aimed at data security and 
consumer notification is the proper solution. S. 495 goes far 
beyond that and lessens the likelihood that legislation will 
pass and that consumers will be better protected.

S. 1326, THE NOTIFICATION OF RISK TO PERSONAL DATA ACT (109TH CONGRESS)

                            REINTRODUCED AS

       S. 1202, THE PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION ACT (110TH CONGRESS)

    I first introduced legislation to address this issue in 
2005 in response to massive data security breaches at major 
companies, and the potential injury those breaches generated. 
That bill, the Notification of Risk to Personal Data Act (S. 
1326), was reported by the Senate Judiciary Committee by 
unanimous consent on October 20, 2005. Once reported by the 
Committee, however, no floor action was taken in the 109th 
Congress on that or any other bill which addressed data 
security. Part of the reason was the presence of several bills 
that sought to go well beyond the problem of data security and 
notification. With the reporting of S. 495 and the defeat of S. 
1202 because, according to the Chairman, it did not hold 
industry ``accountable enough,'' we are running the risk of a 
repeat of that political gridlock, and consumers will doubtless 
suffer from our inaction. The need for legislation in this area 
has not abated. Indeed, with the publicity of recent breaches, 
it has only increased.
    On April 24, 2007, I introduced the Personal Data 
Protection Act (S. 1202), which would effectively combat the 
problems of security breaches in three ways. First, the bill 
requires all companies, regardless of industry, to install 
security procedures and practices, so that sensitive personal 
information is protected--if a company is going to hold 
sensitive personal information, it has the duty to protect it. 
Second, it provides consumers with a uniform, risk-based notice 
and standard in the event of a security breach, balancing the 
need to notify consumers when a breach has occurred with the 
very real possibility that over-notification may desensitize 
consumers from real threats. National standards for security 
procedures and notification procedures are imperative both for 
consumers and the businesses that have to comply with those 
standards. Third, it contains reasonable compliance standards. 
An entity that discovers a security breach must send 
individuals a clear and conspicuous description of the 
information disclosed and provide a toll-free number for 
customers to call to obtain further information. The 
notification would have to have been in writing, or via phone 
or email, with a few exceptions exist (if sufficient contact 
information does not exist; if notice would cost more than 
$250,000; or if more than 500,000 customers must be contacted).
    We want people to take it seriously when they receive 
notice of a breach. We know from experience that sending too 
many notices will lead to public immunization. People will stop 
heeding the warnings they receive and fail to take proper steps 
if they are told too many times that they are the victims of a 
security breach. This result can be avoided by imposing a risk-
based notification requirement only when there is a 
``significant risk of identity theft.'' Under S. 1202, entities 
must disclose a security breach when there is a ``significant 
risk of identity theft to an individual'' caused by the 
unauthorized disclosure of computerized data.
    Unlike bills introduced by my colleagues, such as S. 495, 
my bill does not require notification if the data that is 
jeopardized could not lead to a significant risk of identity 
theft. For example, if the data that is stolen cannot be 
accessed, there is no risk to any individual, and thus no need 
to require notification. Or, if information stolen is 
information that is otherwise publicly available, no notice is 
required. I believe an essential part of preventing harm from 
these breaches is making consumers aware of the problem. 
Consumers who find that data pertaining to them has been 
jeopardized should be alerted so that they can monitor their 
financial accounts for the risk of identity theft. No one will 
monitor the situation as thoroughly as the person who would be 
most affected by having their financial information 
compromised--the victim themselves.

           S. 495, THE PERSONAL DATA PRIVACY AND SECURITY ACT

    Though I support many of the stated goals of this 
legislation, I have concerns that S. 495 may create a 
convoluted framework for companies which may result in more 
harm to consumers than good.
1. The Notice provisions will result in over-notification
    As a result of the way in which the bill is drafted, I 
believe over-notification to individuals of non-harmful data 
breaches is inevitable. Furthermore although the bill attempts 
to establish a ``safe harbor'' for encrypted or unusable data, 
the confusing parallel tracks of Sections 311 and 312 will not 
provide companies with much confidence that the safe harbor 
will be available to them.
    Specifically, Section 311(a) requires notification upon the 
``discovery'' of a breach, and does not provide a company with 
the opportunity to determine if the data is in any way causes 
``harm'' to consumers. The term ``harm'' is potentially very 
broad, and the bill does not define it. In fact, when Senator 
Feinstein was asked during markup what it meant, she was unable 
to say. Does it mean economic loss? Increased anxiety? Mere 
inconvenience? We do not know, and neither will the entities 
who will be obligated to comply with the statute if it should 
become law. But the potential liability will be substantial. 
When enacting the law, I believe it is our duty and our 
responsibility to be precise, and this amorphous term invites 
abuse and over-application.
    Further, it is by definition unreasonable to impose a 
``risk assessment'' as a precondition to taking advantage of 
the ``Safe Harbor,'' because the result will be illusory 
protection. This will result in a flood of notices for data 
breaches where there is virtually no risk. This will be 
detrimental to consumers who will inevitably become 
desensitized to notice and ignore them altogether.

2. The legislation should specifically and completely exempt entities 
        regulated by other federal laws from the provisions of this Act

    Consumer reporting agencies (CRAs) are already fully 
regulated under requirements under the Fair Credit Reporting 
Act (FCRA), and financial institutions are regulated under the 
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. Companies that are already regulated 
under the FCRA and Gramm-Leach-Bliley (GLB) should be 
specifically exempt from this Act, and from the definition of 
``data broker'' because they are already subject to rigorous 
data safeguard requirements under these statutes.
    The Fair Credit Reporting Act (15 U.S.C. Sec. 1681 et seq.) 
is a time-tested statute that has received frequent and 
thoughtful review by Congress, and was most recently updated in 
2003, with extensive changes implemented by the FACT Act (Pub. 
L. 108-159).\17\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \17\ That Act contained a number of significant provisions designed 
to protect consumers and combat identity theft, and I again complement 
Senator Shelby for his work on that legislation as the then-Chairman of 
the Senate Banking Committee.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    The requirements laid out in this legislation would create 
a host of conflicting, inconsistent, unworkable and potentially 
negative impacts on FCRA-regulated entities, and could have 
significant negative effects on consumers.
    Compliance with parallel provisions under the FCRA and the 
GLBA should constitute compliance with the bill. The bill's 
requirements for information security already closely track the 
provisions of the Safeguards Rule.
    Further, assuming that it was the Committee's intent to 
exempt FCRA and GLB covered entities from the scope of some 
provisions of this Act, the exemption crafted by the Judiciary 
Committee is far from perfect, and would in many cases subject 
FCRA regulated entities to duplicative and conflicting 
standards. Rather than having the Judiciary Committee attempt 
to craft those exemptions, we should defer to the Banking 
Committee, which has the expertise to determine that the 
exemptions are as complete as intended.

3. The legislation should fully preempt all state and local laws 
        regarding these issues

    As a general matter, I believe that there is no reason for 
the Congress to act in this area if it does not effectively 
preempt the growing number of state laws now in effect and give 
protection to consumers in states not now covered by any state 
law. In this instance, the preemption provisions contained in 
S. 495 are too narrow. The U.S. has a national economy, and 
more than half the states have enacted various data security, 
breach notification and other requirements. Adding a confusing 
federal standard that is inconsistent not only with state and 
federal laws, would make compliance very difficult. 
Accordingly, the preemption standards in this legislation 
should explicitly preempt all state laws relating to any 
activity covered under this Act: I would urge replacing this 
approach with one that preempts ``. . . the subject matter 
regulated by this Act'' to obtain as broad a preemptive 
standard as possible.

4. Other issues

    Before concluding, I would like to comment on a couple of 
the other provisions in S. 495 that I believe to be 
inappropriate for a data security and notification bill, and 
which add, as I mentioned earlier, unnecessary baggage that 
might be politically attractive to their advocates but which do 
not ultimately serve the interests of the consumers we are 
pledged to protect.
    The first such language appears in the form of the data 
broker language in Title II of S. 495. Notwithstanding the 
exemptions incorporated into this title, the Committee makes 
the definition of who is, or is not, a data broker far too 
broad, and in so doing risks covering a range of entities not 
contemplated by the bill. And the result of this inclusion will 
inevitably be that its sponsors will contribute to increased 
fraud.
    It's a fact that fraud detection tools are used by much of 
the business community, from financial institutions (who 
understandably use them most frequently) to journalists who use 
them to locate sources, attorneys to locate witnesses, and 
parents who use them to conduct background checks on childcare 
providers. If databases are opened up, as S. 495 envisions, it 
will be just a matter of time before those databases are 
accessed by criminals, and the absence, over time, of 
``negative'' information, these tools will become less 
reliable.
    A second additional element of the bill is Sen. Ben 
Cardin's amendment, offered for the first time at mark-up and 
never fully vetted, which requires that any adverse action 
resulting from information provided by a data broker must 
require a notification of that adverse action followed by the 
opportunity to ``access and correct'' that information. This 
amendment will cause tumult in the business community and has 
no place in this bill.
    Last, Sen. Whitehouse used S. 495 as an opportunity to 
amend the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection 
Act (Bankruptcy Act), so carefully crafted by this Committee 
sometime ago. His amendment would adjust the ``means test'' in 
that statute to exempt debtors who are the victims of identity 
theft. It is not only non-germane to data security and 
notification, thus even more baggage the bill will have to 
carry, but it is also structurally unnecessary. As the lead 
sponsor of the Bankruptcy Act, Sen. Charles Grassley, so 
eloquently noted during the markup, the ``special 
circumstances'' language already contained in the Bankruptcy 
Act contemplates just this kind of situation, obviating the 
need for this language but inviting further amendments to 
adjust the Bankruptcy Act on the Senate Floor.

                               CONCLUSION

    For these reasons, I dissent from the views and policy 
represented by S. 495, and I would urge my colleagues to 
revisit many of the policy and drafting problems created by 
this bill.
                                                     Jeff Sessions.
       VIII. Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill as Reported

    In compliance with paragraph 12 of rule XXVI of the 
Standing Rules of the Senate, the Committee finds that it is 
necessary to dispense with the requirement of paragraph 12 to 
expedite the business of the Senate.

                                APPENDIX

PRIVACY RIGHTS CLEARINGHOUSE CHRONOLOGY OF DATA BREACHES AS OF MAY 21, 
                                  2007

                                           CHRONOLOGY OF DATA BREACHES
                                    [Go to Breaches for 2005, 2006, or 2007]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Date made public                Name (Location)           Type of breach         Number of records
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                      2005
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Jan. 10, 2005........................  George Mason University  Names, photos, and       32,000
                                        (Fairfax, VA).           Social Security
                                                                 numbers of 32,000
                                                                 students and staff
                                                                 were compromised
                                                                 because of a hacker
                                                                 attack on the
                                                                 university's main ID
                                                                 server.
Jan. 18, 2005........................  Univ. of CA, San Diego   A hacker breached the    3,500
                                        (San Diego, CA).         security of two
                                                                 University computers
                                                                 that stored the Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 names of students and
                                                                 alumni of UCSD
                                                                 Extension.
Jan. 22, 2005........................  University of Northern   A hard drive was         30,000
                                        Colorado (Greeley, CO).  apparently stolen. It
                                                                 contained information
                                                                 on current and former
                                                                 University employees
                                                                 and their
                                                                 beneficiaries--name,
                                                                 date of birth, SSN,
                                                                 address, bank account
                                                                 and routing number.
Feb. 12, 2005........................  Science Applications     On Jan. 25 thieves       45,000 employees.
                                        International Corp.      broke into a SAIC
                                        (SAIC) (San Diego, CA).  facility and stole
                                                                 computers containing
                                                                 names, SSNs, and other
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 of past and current
                                                                 employees. Stolen
                                                                 information included
                                                                 names, NNS, addresses,
                                                                 phone numbers and
                                                                 records of financial
                                                                 transactions.
Feb. 15, 2005........................  ChoicePoint              Bogus accounts           163,000
                                        (Alpharetta, GA).        established by ID
                                                                 thieves. The initial
                                                                 number of affected
                                                                 records was estimated
                                                                 at 145,000 but was
                                                                 later revised to
                                                                 163,000.
                                                                UPDATE (1/26/06):......
                                                                ChoicePoint settled
                                                                 with the Federal Trade
                                                                 Commission for $10
                                                                 million in civil
                                                                 penalties and $5
                                                                 million for consumer
                                                                 redress.
                                                                UPDATE (12/06/06): The
                                                                 FTC announced that
                                                                 victims of identity
                                                                 theft as a result of
                                                                 the data breach who
                                                                 had out-of-pocket
                                                                 expenses can now be
                                                                 reimbursed. The claims
                                                                 deadline is Feb. 4,
                                                                 2007.
Feb. 18, 2005........................  Univ. of Chicago         Dishonest insider......  85
                                        Hospital (Chicago, IL).
Feb. 25 , 2005.......................  Bank of America          Lost backup tape.......  1,200,000
                                        (Charlotte, NC).
Feb. 25, 2005........................  PayMaxx (Miramar, FL)..  Exposed online.........  25,000
March 8, 2005........................  DSW/Retail Ventures      Hacking................  100,000
                                        (Columbus, OH).
March 10, 2005.......................  LexisNexis (Dayton, OH)  Passwords compromised..  32,000
                                                                UPDATE (06/30/06): Last
                                                                 week, five men were
                                                                 arrested in connection
                                                                 with this breach.
March 11, 2005.......................  Univ. of CA, Berkeley    Stolen laptop..........  98,400
                                        (Berkeley, CA).
March 11, 2005.......................  Kaiser Permanente        A disgruntled employee   140
                                        (Oakland, CA).           posted informaton on
                                                                 her blog noting that
                                                                 Kaiser Permanente
                                                                 included private
                                                                 patient information on
                                                                 systems diagrams
                                                                 posted on the Web.
                                                                UPDATE (6/21/2005): The
                                                                 California Department
                                                                 of Managed Health Care
                                                                 fined Kaiser $200,000
                                                                 for exposing the
                                                                 confidential health
                                                                 information.
March 11, 2005.......................  Boston College (Boston,  Hacking................  120,000
                                        MA).
March 12, 2005.......................  NV Dept. of Motor        Stolen computer........  [8,900] Not included in
                                        Vehicle.                UPDATE: The computer      total below.
                                                                 was later recovered.
March 20, 2005.......................  Northwestern Univ.       Hacking................  21,000
                                        (Evanston, IL).
March 20, 2005.......................  Univ. of NV, Las Vegas   Hacking................  5,000
                                        (Las Vegas, NV).
March 22, 2005.......................  Calif. State Univ.       Hacking................  59,000
                                        (Chico, CA).
March 23, 2005.......................  Univ. of CA. (San        Hacking................  7,000
                                        Francisco, CA).
March 25, 2005.......................  Purdue University (West  Computers in the         1,200 (not included in
                                        Lafayette, IN).          College of Liberal       total because news
                                                                 Arts' Theater Dept.      stories are not clear
                                                                 were hacked, exposing    if SSNs or financial
                                                                 personal information     information were
                                                                 of employees,            exposed).
                                                                 students, graduates,
                                                                 and business
                                                                 affiliates.
April ?, 2005........................  Georgia DMV............  Dishonest insider......  465,000
April 5, 2005........................  MCI (Ashburn, VA)......  Stolen laptop..........  16,500
April 5, 2005........................  Univ. of CA, Davis       The names and Social     1,100
                                        (Davis, CA).             Security numbers of
                                                                 students, faculty,
                                                                 visiting speakers and
                                                                 staff may have been
                                                                 compromised when a
                                                                 hacker accessed a main
                                                                 computer.
April 6, 2005........................  University of            A server in the          7,000
                                        California, San          accounting and
                                        Francisco.               personnel departments
                                                                 was hacked. It
                                                                 contained information
                                                                 on 7,000 students,
                                                                 faculty, and staff
                                                                 members. The affected
                                                                 individuals were
                                                                 notified March 23.
April 8, 2005........................  Eastern National.......  Hacker.................  15,000
April 8, 2005........................  San Jose Med. Group      Stolen computer........  185,000
                                        (San Jose, CA).
April 11, 2005.......................  Tufts University         Hacking................  106,000
                                        (Boston, MA).
April 12, 2005.......................  LexisNexis (Dayton, OH)  Passwords compromised..  Additional 280,000.
                                                                UPDATE (06/30/06): Last
                                                                 week, five men were
                                                                 arrested in connection
                                                                 with this breach.
April 14, 2005.......................  Polo Ralph Lauren/HSBC   Hacking................  180,000
                                        (New York, NY).
April 14, 2005.......................  Calif. Fastrack........  Dishonest Insider......  4,500
April 15, 2005.......................  CA Dept. of Health       Stolen laptop..........  21,600
                                        Services.
April 18, 2005.......................  DSW/ Retail Ventures     Hacking................  Additional 1,300,000.
                                        (Columbus, OH).
April 20, 2005.......................  Ameritrade (Bellevue,    Lost backup tape.......  200,000
                                        NE).
April 21, 2005.......................  Carnegie Mellon Univ.    Hacking................  19,000
                                        (Pittsburg, PA).
April 26, 2005.......................  Mich. State Univ's       Hacking................  40,000
                                        Wharton Center.
April 26, 2005.......................  Christus St. Joseph's    Stolen computer........  19,000
                                        Hospital (Houston, TX).
April 28, 2005.......................  Georgia Southern Univ..  Hacking................  ``tens of thousands''.
April 28, 2005.......................  Wachovia, Bank of        Dishonest insiders.....  676,000
                                        America, PNC Financial
                                        Services Group and
                                        Commerce Bancorp.
April 29, 2005.......................  Oklahoma State Univ....  Missing laptop.........  37,000
May 2, 2005..........................  Time Warner (New York,   Lost backup tapes......  600,000
                                        NY).
May 4, 2005..........................  CO. Health Dept........  Stolen laptop..........  1,600 (families).
May 5, 2005..........................  Purdue Univ. (West       Hacking................  11,360
                                        Lafayette, IN).
May 7, 2005..........................  Dept. of Justice         Stolen laptop..........  80,000
                                        (Washington, D.C.).
May 11, 2005.........................  Stanford Univ.           Hacking................  9,900
                                        (Stanford, CA).
May 12, 2005.........................  Hinsdale Central High    Hacking................  2,400
                                        School (Hinsdale, IL).
May 16, 2005.........................  Westborough Bank         Dishonest insider......  750
                                        (Westborough, MA).
May 18, 2005.........................  Jackson Comm. College    Hacking................  8,000
                                        (MI).
May 18, 2005.........................  Univ. of Iowa..........  Hacking................  30,000
May 19, 2005.........................  Valdosta State Univ.     Hacking................  40,000
                                        (GA).
May 25, 2005.........................  North Carolina Div. of   On Feb. 10, an employee  None.
                                        Motor Vehicles           downloaded addresses
                                        (Greensboro, NC).        of 3.8 million people
                                                                 but was detected and
                                                                 stopped before being
                                                                 able to retrieve more
                                                                 sensitive information
                                                                 such as driver's
                                                                 license numbers.
May 26, 2005.........................  Duke Univ. (Durham, NC)  Hacking................  5,500
May 27, 2005.........................  Cleveland State Univ.    Stolen laptop..........  [44,420] Not included
                                        (Cleveland, OH).        UPDATE (12/24): CSU       in total below.
                                                                 found the stolen
                                                                 laptop.
May 28, 2005.........................  Merlin Data Services     Bogus acct. set up.....  9,000
                                        (Kalispell, MT).
May 30, 2005.........................  Motorola...............  Computers stolen.......  Unknown.
June 6, 2005.........................  CitiFinancial..........  Lost backup tapes......  3,900,000
June 10, 2005........................  Fed. Deposit Insurance   Not disclosed..........  6,000
                                        Corp. (FDIC).
June 16, 2005........................  CardSystems............  Hacking................  40,000,000
June 17, 2005........................  Kent State Univ........  Stolen laptop..........  1,400
June 18, 2005........................  Univ. of Hawaii........  Dishonest Insider......  150,000
June 22, 2005........................  Eastman Kodak..........  Stolen laptop..........  5,800
June 22, 2005........................  East Carolina Univ.....  Hacking................  250
June 25, 2005........................  Univ. of CT (UCONN)....  Hacking................  72,000
June 28, 2005........................  Lucas Cty. Children      Exposed by email.......  900
                                        Services (OH).
June 29, 2005........................  Bank of America........  Stolen laptop..........  18,000
June 30, 2005........................  Ohio State Univ. Med.    Stolen laptop..........  15,000
                                        Ctr..
July 1, 2005.........................  Univ. of CA, San Diego.  Hacking................  3,300
July 6, 2005.........................  City National Bank.....  Lost backup tapes......  Unknown.
July 7, 2005.........................  Mich. State Univ.......  Hacking................  27,000
July 19, 2005........................  Univ. of Southern Calif  Hacking................  270,000 possibly
                                        (USC).                                            accessed; ``dozens''
                                                                                          exposed.
July 21, 2005........................  Univ. of Colorado--      Hacking................  49,000
                                        Boulder.                UPDATE (08/20/2005):
                                                                 The number of students
                                                                 affected was increased
                                                                 from an estimate of
                                                                 42,000 to 49,000.
July 30, 2005........................  San Diego Co. Employees  Hacking................  33,000
                                        Retirement Assoc..
July 30, 2005........................  Calif. State Univ.,      Hacking................  9,613
                                        Dominguez Hills.
July 31, 2005........................  Cal Poly-Pomona........  Hacking................  31,077
Aug. 2, 2005.........................  Univ. of Colorado......  Hacking................  36,000
Aug. 9, 2005.........................  Sonoma State Univ......  Hacking................  61,709
Aug. 9, 2005.........................  Univ. of Utah..........  Hacking................  100,000
Aug. 10, 2005........................  Univ. of North Texas...  Hacking................  39,000
Aug. 17, 2005........................  Calif. State             Hacking................  900
                                        University, Stanislaus.
Aug. 19, 2005........................  Univ. of Colorado......  Hacking................  49,000
Aug. 22, 2005........................  Air Force..............  Hacking................  33,300
Aug. 27, 2005........................  Univ. of Florida,        Stolen Laptop..........  3,851
                                        Health Sciences Center/
                                        ChartOne.
Aug. 30, 2005........................  J.P. Morgan Chase & Co.  Stolen laptop (Aug. 8)   Unknown.
                                        (Dallas, TX).            containing personal
                                                                 and financial account
                                                                 information of
                                                                 customers of its
                                                                 private bank.
Aug. 30, 2005........................  Calif. State             Hacking................  154
                                        University,
                                        Chancellor's Office.
Sept. 2, 2006........................  Iowa Student Loan (W.    Compact disk containing  165,000
                                        Des Moines).             personal information,
                                                                 including SSNs, was
                                                                 lost when shipped by
                                                                 private courier.
Sept. 10, 2005.......................  Kent State Univ........  Stolen computers.......  100,000
Sept. 15, 2005.......................  Miami Univ.............  Exposed online.........  21,762
Sept. 16, 2005.......................  ChoicePoint (2nd         ID thieves accessed;     [Total later revised to
                                        notice, see 2/15/05)     also misuse of IDs &     163,000--see 2/15/05
                                        (Alpharetta, GA).        passwords.               above]
Sept. 17, 2005.......................  North Fork Bank, NY....  Stolen laptop (7/24/05)  9,000
                                                                 with mortgage data.
Sept. 19, 2005.......................  Children's Health        Stolen backup tape.....  5,000-6,000
                                        Council, San Jose CA.
Sept. 22, 2005.......................  City University of New   Exposed online.........  350
                                        York.
Sept. 23, 2005.......................  Bank of America........  Stolen laptop with info  Not disclosed
                                                                 of Visa Buxx users
                                                                 (debit cards).
Sept. 28, 2005.......................  RBC Dain Rauscher......  Illegitimate access to   100+ customers' records
                                                                 customer data by         compromised out of
                                                                 former employee.         300,000
Sept. 29, 2005.......................  Univ. of Georgia.......  Hacking................  At least 1,600
Oct. 12, 2005........................  Ohio State Univ.         Exposed online.          2,800
                                        Medical Center.          Appointment
                                                                 information including
                                                                 SSN, DOB, address,
                                                                 phone no., medical
                                                                 no., appointment
                                                                 reason, physician.
Oct. 15, 2005........................  Montclair State Univ...  Exposed online.........  9,100
Oct. 21, 2005........................  Wilcox Memorial          Lost backup tape.......  130,000
                                        Hospital, Hawaii.
Nov. 1, 2005.........................  Univ. of Tenn. Medical   Stolen laptop..........  3,800
                                        Center.
Nov. 4, 2005.........................  Keck School of           Stolen computer........  50,000
                                        Medicine, USC.
Nov. 5, 2005.........................  Safeway, Hawaii........  Stolen laptop..........  1,400 in Hawaii,
                                                                                          perhaps more elsewhere
Nov. 8, 2005.........................  ChoicePoint              Bogus accounts           [Total later revised to
                                        (Alpharetta, GA).        established by ID        163,000--see 2/15/05
                                                                 thieves. Total           above]
                                                                 affected now reaches
                                                                 163,000 (See Feb. 15 &
                                                                 Sept. 16).
Nov. 9, 2005.........................  TransUnion.............  Stolen computer........  3,623
Nov. 11, 2005........................  Georgia Tech Ofc. of     Stolen computer, Theft   13,000
                                        Enrollment Services.     10/16/05.
Nov. 11, 2005........................  Scottrade Troy Group...  Hacking................  Unknown.
Nov. 19, 2005........................  Boeing.................  Stolen laptop with HR    161,000
                                                                 data incl. SSNs and
                                                                 bank account info.
Dec. 1, 2005.........................  Firstrust Bank.........  Stolen laptop..........  100,000
Dec. 1, 2005.........................  Univ. of San Diego (San  Hacking. Faculty,        7,800
                                        Diego, CA).              students and employee
                                                                 tax forms containing
                                                                 SSNs.
Dec. 2, 2005.........................  Cornell Univ...........  Hacking. Names,          900
                                                                 addresses, SSNs, bank
                                                                 names and acct.
                                                                 numbers.
Dec. 6, 2005.........................  WA Employment Security   Stolen laptop. Names,    530
                                        Dept.                    SSNs and earnings of
                                                                 former employees.
Dec. 7, 2005.........................  Idaho State University,  ISU discovered a         Unknown.
                                        Office of                security breach in a
                                        Institutional Research   server containing
                                        (Pocatello, ID).         archival information
                                       Contact Information       about students,
                                        Technology Services,     faculty, and staff,
                                        (208) 282-2872.          including names, SSNs,
                                                                 birthdates, and grades.
Dec. 12, 2005........................  Sam's Club/Wal-Mart....  Exposed credit card      Unknown.
                                                                 data at gas stations.
Dec. 16, 2005........................  La Salle Bank, ABN AMRO  Backup tape with         [2,000,000] Not
                                        Mortgage Group.          residential mortgage     included in total
                                                                 customers lost in        below
                                                                 shipment by DHL,
                                                                 containing SSNs and
                                                                 account information.
                                                                UPDATE (12/20/05): DHL
                                                                 found the lost tape.
Dec. 16, 2005........................  Colorado Tech. Univ....  Email erroneously sent   1,200
                                                                 containing names,
                                                                 phone numbers, email
                                                                 addresses, Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 class schedules.
Dec. 20, 2005........................  Guidance Software, Inc.  Hacking. Customer        3,800
                                                                 credit card numbers.
                                                                UPDATE (4/3/07): The
                                                                 FTC came to a
                                                                 settlement agreement
                                                                 and final consent
                                                                 order against Guidance
                                                                 Software.
Dec. 22, 2005........................  Ford Motor Co..........  Stolen computer. Names   70,000
                                                                 and SSNs of current
                                                                 and former employees.
Dec. 25, 2005........................  Iowa State Univ........  Hacking. Credit card     5,500
                                                                 information and Social
                                                                 Security numbers.
Dec. 25, 2005........................  Ameriprise Financial     A laptop was stolen      260,000
                                        Inc. (Minneapolis,       from an employee's car
                                        MN), (877) 267-7408.     Christmas eve. It
                                                                 contained customers'
                                                                 names and Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 in some cases,
                                                                 Ameriprise account
                                                                 information.
                                                                UPDATE (08/06): The
                                                                 laptop was recovered
                                                                 by local law
                                                                 enforcement in the
                                                                 community where it was
                                                                 stolen.
                                                                UPDATE (12/11/06): The
                                                                 company settled with
                                                                 the Massachusetts
                                                                 securities regulator
                                                                 in the office of the
                                                                 Secretary of State.
                                                                 Ameriprise agreed to
                                                                 hire an independent
                                                                 consultant to review
                                                                 its policies and
                                                                 procedures for
                                                                 employees' and
                                                                 contractors' use of
                                                                 laptops containing
                                                                 personal information.
                                                                 Ameriprise will pay
                                                                 the state regulator
                                                                 $25,000 for the cost
                                                                 of the investigation.
2005 [Exact date unknown]............  U.S. Dept. of Veteran's  A laptop being stored    66
                                        Affairs (Washington,     in the trunk of a car
                                        D.C.).                   was stolen in
                                                                 Minneapolis,
                                                                 Minnesota. 2 people
                                                                 later reported
                                                                 identity fraud
                                                                 problems.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                      2006
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Jan. 1, 2006.........................  University of            6 Stolen computers.      700
                                        Pittsburgh Medical       Names, Social Security
                                        Center, Squirrel Hill    numbers, birthdates.
                                        Family Medicine.
Jan. 2, 2006.........................  H&R Block..............  SSNs exposed in 40-      Unknown.
                                                                 digit number string on
                                                                 mailing label.
Jan. 9, 2006.........................  Atlantis Hotel--Kerzner  Dishonest insider or     55,000
                                        Int'l.                   hacking. Names,
                                                                 addresses, credit card
                                                                 details, Social
                                                                 Security numbers,
                                                                 driver's licence
                                                                 numbers and/or bank
                                                                 account data.
Jan. 12, 2006........................  People's Bank..........  Lost computer tape       90,000
                                                                 containing names,
                                                                 addresses, Social
                                                                 Security numbers, and
                                                                 checking account
                                                                 numbers.
Jan. 17, 2006........................  City of San Diego,       Dishonest employee       Unknown.
                                        Water & Sewer Dept.      accessed customer
                                        (San Diego, CA).         account files,
                                                                 including SSNs, and
                                                                 committed identity
                                                                 theft on some
                                                                 individuals.
Jan. 20, 2006........................  Univ. Place Conference   Hacking. Reservation     Unknown.
                                        Center & Hotel,          information including
                                        Indiana Univ..           credit card account
                                                                 number compromised.
Jan. 21, 2006........................  California Army          Stolen briefcase with    ``hundreds of
                                        National Guard.          personal information     officers''
                                                                 of National Guardsmen
                                                                 including a
                                                                 ``seniority roster,''
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers and dates of
                                                                 birth.
Jan. 23, 2006........................  Univ. of Notre Dame....  Hackers accessed Social  Unknown.
                                                                 Security numbers,
                                                                 credit card
                                                                 information and check
                                                                 images of school
                                                                 donors.
Jan. 24, 2006........................  Univ. of WA Medical      Stolen laptops           1,600
                                        Center.                  containing names,
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers, maiden names,
                                                                 birth dates, diagnoses
                                                                 and other personal
                                                                 data.
Jan. 25, 2006........................  Providence Home          Stolen backup tapes and  365,000
                                        Services (Portland,      disks containing
                                        OR).                     Social Security
                                                                 numbers, clinical and
                                                                 demographic
                                                                 information. In a
                                                                 small number of cases,
                                                                 patient financial data
                                                                 was stolen.
                                                                UPDATE (9/26/06):
                                                                 Providence Health
                                                                 System and the Oregon
                                                                 Attorney General have
                                                                 filed a settlement
                                                                 agreement. Providence
                                                                 will provide affected
                                                                 patients with free
                                                                 credit monitoring,
                                                                 offer credit
                                                                 restoration to
                                                                 patients who are
                                                                 victims of identity
                                                                 fraud, and reimburse
                                                                 patients for direct
                                                                 losses that result
                                                                 from the data breach.
                                                                 The company must also
                                                                 enhance its security
                                                                 programs.
Jan. 27, 2006........................  State of RI web site     Hackers obtained credit  4,117
                                        (www.RI.gov).            card information in
                                                                 conjunction with names
                                                                 and addresses.
Jan. 31, 2006........................  Boston Globe and The     Inadvertently exposed.   240,000 potentially
                                        Worcester Telegram &     Credit and debit card    exposed
                                        Gazette.                 information along with
                                                                 routing information
                                                                 for personal checks
                                                                 printed on recycled
                                                                 paper used in wrapping
                                                                 newspaper bundles for
                                                                 distribution.
Feb. 1, 2006.........................  Blue Cross and Blue      Inadvertently exposed.   600
                                        Shield of North          SSNs of members
                                        Carolina.                printed on the mailing
                                                                 labels of envelopes
                                                                 with information about
                                                                 a new insurance plan.
Feb. 4, 2006.........................  FedEx..................  Inadvertently exposed.   8,500
                                                                 W-2 forms included
                                                                 other workers' tax
                                                                 information such as
                                                                 SSNs and salaries.
Feb. 9, 2006.........................  Unknown retail           Hacking. Debit card      200,000, although total
                                        merchants, apparently    accounts exposed         number is unknown
                                        OfficeMax and perhaps    involving bank and
                                        others.                  credit union accounts
                                                                 nationwide (including
                                                                 CitiBank, BofA, WaMu,
                                                                 Wells Fargo). [3/13/06
                                                                 Crime ring arrested.].
Feb. 9, 2006.........................  Honeywell International  Exposed online.          19,000
                                                                 Personal information
                                                                 of current and former
                                                                 employees including
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers and bank
                                                                 account information
                                                                 posted on an Internet
                                                                 Web site.
Feb. 13, 2006........................  Ernst & Young (UK).....  Laptop stolen from       38,000 BP employees in
                                                                 employee's car with      addition to Sun, Cisco
                                                                 customers' personal      and IBM employees
                                                                 information including
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers.
Feb. 15, 2006........................  Dept. of Agriculture...  Inadvertently exposed    350,000
                                                                 Social Security and
                                                                 tax identification
                                                                 numbers in FOIA
                                                                 request.
Feb. 15, 2006........................  Old Dominion Univ......  Exposed online.          601
                                                                 Instructor posted a
                                                                 class roster
                                                                 containing names and
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers to a web site.
Feb. 16, 2006........................  Blue Cross and Blue      Contractor sent names    27,000
                                        Shield of Florida.       and Social Security
                                                                 numbers of current and
                                                                 former employees,
                                                                 vendors and
                                                                 contractors to his
                                                                 home computer in
                                                                 violation of company
                                                                 policies.
Feb. 17, 2006........................  Calif. Dept. of          Inmates gained access    Unknown.
                                        Corrections, Pelican     to files containing
                                        Bay (Sacramento, CA).    employees' Social
                                                                 Security numbers,
                                                                 birth dates and
                                                                 pension account
                                                                 information stored in
                                                                 warehouse.
Feb. 17, 2006........................  Mount St. Mary's         Two laptops containing   17,000
                                        Hospital (1 of 10        date of birth, address
                                        hospitals with patient   and Social Security
                                        info. stolen)            numbers of patients
                                        (Lewiston, NY).          was stolen in an armed
                                                                 robbery in the New
                                                                 Jersey.
Feb. 18, 2006........................  Univ. of Northern Iowa.  Hacking. Laptop          6,000
                                                                 computer holding W-2
                                                                 forms of student
                                                                 employees and faculty
                                                                 was illegally accessed.
Feb. 23, 2006........................  Deloitte & Touche        External auditor lost a  9,290
                                        (McAfee employee         CD with names, Social
                                        information).            Security numbers and
                                                                 stock holdings in
                                                                 McAfee of current and
                                                                 former McAfee
                                                                 employees.
Mar. 1, 2006.........................  Medco Health Solutions   Stolen laptop            4,600
                                        (Columbus, OH).          containing Social
                                                                 Security numbers for
                                                                 State of Ohio
                                                                 employees and their
                                                                 dependents, as well as
                                                                 their birth dates and,
                                                                 in some cases,
                                                                 prescription drug
                                                                 histories.
Mar. 1, 2006.........................  OH Secretary of State's  SSNs, dates of birth,    Unknown.
                                        Office.                  and other personal
                                                                 data of citizens
                                                                 routinely posted on a
                                                                 State web site as part
                                                                 of standard business
                                                                 practice.
Mar. 2, 2006.........................  Olympic Funding          3 hard drives            Unknown.
                                        (Chicago, IL).           containing clients
                                                                 names, Social Security
                                                                 numbers, addresses and
                                                                 phone numbers stolen
                                                                 during break in.
Mar. 2, 2006.........................  Los Angeles Cty. Dept.   File boxes containing    [Potentially 2,000,000,
                                        of Social Services       names, dependents,       but number unknown]
                                        (Los Angeles, CA).       Social Security          Not included in number
                                                                 numbers, telephone       below
                                                                 numbers, medical
                                                                 information, employer,
                                                                 W-2, and date of birth
                                                                 were left unattended
                                                                 and unshredded.
Mar. 2, 2006.........................  Hamilton County Clerk    SSNs, other personal     [1,300,000] Not
                                        of Courts (OH).          data of residents        included in number
                                                                 posted on county Web     below.
                                                                 site, were stolen and
                                                                 used to commit
                                                                 identity theft.
                                                                UPDATE (9/28/06): An
                                                                 identity thief was
                                                                 sentenced to 13 years
                                                                 in prison for the
                                                                 crimes. She stole 100
                                                                 identities and nearly
                                                                 $500,000. The Web site
                                                                 now blocks access to
                                                                 court documents
                                                                 containing personal
                                                                 information.
Mar. 3, 2006.........................  Metropolitan State       Stolen laptop            93,000
                                        College (Denver, CO).    containing names and
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers of students
                                                                 who registered for
                                                                 Metropolitan State
                                                                 courses between the
                                                                 1996 fall semester and
                                                                 the 2005 summer
                                                                 semester.
Mar. 5, 2006.........................  Georgetown Univ.         Hacking. Personal        41,000
                                        (Washington, D.C.).      information including
                                                                 names, birthdates and
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers of District
                                                                 seniors served by the
                                                                 Office on Aging.
Mar. 8, 2006.........................  Verizon Communications   2 stolen laptops         ``Significant number''
                                        (New York, NY).          containing employees'
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 including Social
                                                                 Security numbers.
Mar. 8, 2006.........................  iBill (Deerfield Beach,  Dishonest insider or     [17,781,462] Not
                                        FL).                     possibly malicious       included in total
                                                                 software linked to       below
                                                                 iBill used to post
                                                                 names, phone numbers,
                                                                 addresses, e-mail
                                                                 addresses, Internet IP
                                                                 addresses, logins and
                                                                 passwords, credit card
                                                                 types and purchase
                                                                 amount online. Credit
                                                                 card account numbers,
                                                                 expiration dates,
                                                                 security codes, and
                                                                 SSNs were NOT
                                                                 included, but in our
                                                                 opinion the affected
                                                                 individuals could be
                                                                 vulnerable to social
                                                                 engineering to obtain
                                                                 such information.
Mar. 11, 2006........................  CA Dept. of Consumer     Mail theft.              ``A small number''
                                        Affairs (DCA)            Applications of DCA
                                        (Sacramento, CA).        licensees or
                                                                 prospective licensees
                                                                 for CA state boards
                                                                 and commissions were
                                                                 stolen. The forms
                                                                 include full or
                                                                 partial Social
                                                                 Security numbers,
                                                                 driver's license
                                                                 numbers, and
                                                                 potentially payment
                                                                 checks.
Mar. 14, 2006........................  General Motors           Dishonest insider kept   100
                                        (Detroit, MI).           Social Security
                                                                 numbers of co-workers
                                                                 to perpetrate identity
                                                                 theft.
Mar. 14 2006.........................  Buffalo Bisons and       Hacker accessed          Unknown.
                                        Choice One Online        sensitive financial
                                        (Buffalo, NY).           information including
                                                                 credit card numbers
                                                                 names, passwords of
                                                                 customers who ordered
                                                                 items online.
Mar. 15, 2006........................  Ernst & Young (UK).....  Laptop lost containing   Unknown.
                                                                 the names, dates of
                                                                 birth, genders, family
                                                                 sizes, Social Security
                                                                 numbers and tax
                                                                 identifiers for
                                                                 current and previous
                                                                 IBM, Sun Microsystems,
                                                                 Cisco, Nokia and BP
                                                                 employees exposed.
Mar. 16, 2006........................  Bananas.com (San         Hacker accessed names,   274
                                        Rafael, CA).             addresses, phone
                                                                 numbers and credit
                                                                 card numbers of
                                                                 customers.
Mar. 23, 2006........................  Fidelity Investments     Stolen laptop            196,000
                                        (Boston, MA).            containing names,
                                                                 addresses, birth
                                                                 dates, Social Security
                                                                 numbers and other
                                                                 information of 196,000
                                                                 Hewlett Packard,
                                                                 Compaq and DEC
                                                                 retirement account
                                                                 customers was stolen.
Mar. 24, 2006........................  CA State Employment      Computer glitch sends    64,000
                                        Development Division     state Employment
                                        (Sacramento, CA).        Development Division
                                                                 1099 tax forms
                                                                 containing Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 income information to
                                                                 the wrong addresses,
                                                                 potentially exposing
                                                                 those taxpayers to
                                                                 identity theft.
Mar. 24, 2006........................  Vermont State Colleges   Laptop stolen            14,000
                                        (VT).                    containing Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 payroll data of
                                                                 students, faculty and
                                                                 staff associated with
                                                                 the five-college
                                                                 system from as long
                                                                 ago as 2000.
Mar. 30, 2006........................  Marines (Monterey, CA).  Portable drive lost      207,750
                                                                 that contains personal
                                                                 information used for
                                                                 research on re-
                                                                 enlistment bonuses.
Mar. 30, 2006........................  Georgia Technology       Hacker exploited         573,000
                                        Authority (Atlanta,      security flaw to gain
                                        GA).                     access to confidential
                                                                 information including
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers and bank-
                                                                 account details of
                                                                 state pensioners.
Mar. 30, 2006........................  Conn. Technical High     Social Security numbers  1,250
                                        School System            of students and
                                        (Middletown, CT).        faculty mistakenly
                                                                 distributed via email.
April 1, 2006........................  Con Edison (New York)..  Con Edison shipped 2     15,000 Con Edison
                                                                 cartridge tapes to       employees.
                                                                 JPMorgan Chase in
                                                                 upstate Binghamton so
                                                                 it could input data on
                                                                 behalf of the NY Dept.
                                                                 of Taxation and
                                                                 Finance. One tape was
                                                                 apparently lost
                                                                 containing employees'
                                                                 W-2 data, including
                                                                 names, addresses,
                                                                 SSNs, taxes paid and
                                                                 salaries.
April 6, 2006........................  Progressive Casualty     Dishonest insider        13
                                        Insurance (Mayfield      accessed confidential
                                        Village, OH).            information, including
                                                                 names, Social Security
                                                                 numbers, birth dates
                                                                 and property addresses
                                                                 on foreclosure
                                                                 properties she was
                                                                 interested in buying.
April 7, 2006........................  DiscountDomainRegistry.  Exposed online. Domain   ``thousands of domain
                                        com (Brooklyn, NY).      registrants' personal    name registrations''.
                                                                 information including
                                                                 usernames, passwords
                                                                 and credit card
                                                                 numbers were
                                                                 accessible online.
April 9, 2006........................  University of Medicine   Hackers accessed Social  1,850
                                        and Dentistry of New     Security numbers, loan
                                        Jersey (Newark, NJ).     information, and other
                                                                 confidential financial
                                                                 information of
                                                                 students and alumni.
April 12, 2006.......................  Ross-Simons              Security breach exposed  Unknown.
                                        (Providence, RI).        account and personal
                                                                 information of those
                                                                 who applied for its
                                                                 private label credit
                                                                 card. Information
                                                                 exposed includes
                                                                 private label credit
                                                                 card numbers and other
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 of applicants.
April 14, 2006.......................  NewTech Imaging          Records containing the   40,000
                                        (Honolulu, HI).          names, Social Security
                                                                 numbers and birth
                                                                 dates of more than
                                                                 40,000 members of
                                                                 Voluntary Employees
                                                                 Benefit Association of
                                                                 Hawaii were illegally
                                                                 reproduced at a
                                                                 copying business
                                                                 before they were to be
                                                                 put onto a compact
                                                                 disc for the State.
                                                                 Police later found the
                                                                 data on a computer
                                                                 that had been
                                                                 confiscated as part of
                                                                 a drug investigation.
April 14, 2006.......................  Univ. of South Carolina  Social Security numbers  1,400
                                        (Columbia, SC).          of students were
                                                                 mistakenly e-mailed to
                                                                 classmates.
April 15, 2006.......................  Scott County, IA.......  The Social Security      Unknown.
                                                                 numbers of people who
                                                                 obtained mortgages in
                                                                 the early 1990s are
                                                                 visible in documents
                                                                 posted on the county's
                                                                 website. The county
                                                                 will redact the
                                                                 information at the
                                                                 individuals' request.
April 21, 2006.......................  University of Alaska,    A hacker accessed        38,941
                                        Fairbanks (Fairbanks,    names, Social Security
                                        AK).                     numbers, and partial e-
                                                                 mail addresses of
                                                                 current and former
                                                                 students, faculty, and
                                                                 staff.
April 21, 2006.......................  Boeing (Seattle, WA)...  A laptop was taken from  3,600 current and
                                                                 a Boeing human           former employees
                                                                 resources employee at
                                                                 Sea-Tac airport. It
                                                                 contained SSNs and
                                                                 other personal
                                                                 information, including
                                                                 personnel information
                                                                 from the 2000
                                                                 acquisition of Hughes
                                                                 Space and
                                                                 Communications.
April 21, 2006.......................  Ohio University          A server containing      Unknown.
                                        Innovation Center        data including e-
                                        (Athens, OH).            mails, patent and
                                                                 intellectual property
                                                                 files, and 35 Social
                                                                 Security numbers
                                                                 associated with
                                                                 parking passes was
                                                                 compromised.
April 24, 2006.......................  University of Texas'     Hackers accessed         197,000
                                        McCombs School of        records containing
                                        Business (Austin, TX).   names, biographical
                                                                 information and, in
                                                                 some cases, Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 dates of birth of
                                                                 current and
                                                                 prospective students,
                                                                 alumni, faculty
                                                                 members, corporate
                                                                 recruiters and staff
                                                                 members.
April 24, 2006.......................  Ohio University          Hackers accessed a       300,000
                                        (Athens, OH).            computer system of the
                                                                 school's alumni
                                                                 relations department
                                                                 that included
                                                                 biographical
                                                                 information and
                                                                 137,000 Social
                                                                 Security numbers of
                                                                 alum.
April 26, 2006.......................  Purdue University (West  Hacker accessed          1,351
                                        Lafayette, IN).          personal information
                                                                 including Social
                                                                 Security numbers of
                                                                 current and former
                                                                 graduate students,
                                                                 applicants to graduate
                                                                 school, and a small
                                                                 number of applicants
                                                                 for undergraduate
                                                                 scholarships.
April 26, 2006.......................  Aetna--health insurance  Laptop containing        38,000
                                        records for employees    personal information
                                        of 2 members,            including names,
                                        including Omni Hotels    addresses and Social
                                        and the Dept. of         Security numbers of
                                        Defense NAF (Hartford,   Dept. of Defense
                                        CT).                     (35,253) and Omni
                                                                 Hotel employees
                                                                 (3,000) was stolen
                                                                 from an Aetna
                                                                 employee's car.
April 27, 2006.......................  MasterCard (Potentially  Though MasterCard        [2,000] Not included in
                                        UK only).                refused to say how the   total below
                                                                 breach occurred,
                                                                 fraudsters stole the
                                                                 credit card details of
                                                                 holders in a major
                                                                 security breach.
April 27, 2006.......................  Long Island Rail Road    Data tapes containing    17,000
                                        (Jamaica, NY).           personal information
                                                                 including names,
                                                                 addresses, Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 salary figures of
                                                                 ``virtually everyone''
                                                                 who worked for the
                                                                 agency was lost by
                                                                 delivery contractor
                                                                 Iron Mountain while
                                                                 enroute. Data tapes
                                                                 belonging to the U.S.
                                                                 Department of
                                                                 Veteran's Affairs may
                                                                 also have been
                                                                 affected.
April 28, 2006.......................  Ohio's Secretary of      The names, addresses,    ``Potentially millions
                                        State (Cleveland, OH).   and Social Security      of registered voters''
                                                                 numbers of potentially
                                                                 millions of registered
                                                                 voters in Ohio were
                                                                 included on CD-ROMs
                                                                 distributed to 20
                                                                 political campaign
                                                                 operations for spring
                                                                 primary election
                                                                 races. The records of
                                                                 about 7.7 million
                                                                 registered voters are
                                                                 listed on the CDs, but
                                                                 it's unknown how many
                                                                 records contained
                                                                 SSNs, which were not
                                                                 supposed to have been
                                                                 included on the CDs.
                                                                UPDATE (9/15/06): A
                                                                 news report said that
                                                                 some SSNs still remain
                                                                 on the agency's Web
                                                                 site.
April 28, 2006.......................  Dept. of Defense         Hacker accessed a        Unknown.
                                        (Washington, DC).        Tricare Management
                                                                 Activity (TMA) public
                                                                 server containing
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 about military
                                                                 employees.
May 2, 2006..........................  Georgia State            Government surplus       Unknown.
                                        Government (Atlanta,     computers that sold
                                        GA).                     before their hard
                                                                 drives were erased
                                                                 contained credit card
                                                                 numbers, birth dates,
                                                                 and Social Security
                                                                 numbers of Georgia
                                                                 citizens.
May 4, 2006..........................  Idaho Power Co. (Boise,  Four company hard        Unknown.
                                        ID).                     drives were sold on
                                                                 eBay containing
                                                                 hundreds of thousands
                                                                 of confidential
                                                                 company documents,
                                                                 employee names and
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers, and
                                                                 confidential memos to
                                                                 the company's CEO.
May 4, 2006..........................  Ohio University Hudson   Names, birth dates,      60,000
                                        Health Center (Athens,   Social Security
                                        OH).                     numbers and medical
                                                                 information were
                                                                 accessed in records of
                                                                 students dating back
                                                                 to 2001, plus faculty,
                                                                 workers and regional
                                                                 campus students.
May 2006.............................  Ohio University          A breach was discovered  2,480
                                        (Athens, OH).            on a computer that
                                                                 housed IRS 1099 forms
                                                                 for vendors and
                                                                 independent
                                                                 contractors for
                                                                 calendar years 2004
                                                                 and 2005.
May 2006.............................  Ohio University          A breach of a computer   Unknown.
                                        (Athens, OH).            that hosted a variety
                                                                 of Web-based forms,
                                                                 including some that
                                                                 processed on-line
                                                                 business transactions.
                                                                 Although this computer
                                                                 was not set up to
                                                                 store personal
                                                                 information,
                                                                 investigators did
                                                                 discover files that
                                                                 contained fragments of
                                                                 personal information,
                                                                 including Social
                                                                 Security numbers. The
                                                                 data is fragmentary
                                                                 and it is not certain
                                                                 if the compromised
                                                                 information can be
                                                                 traced to individuals.
                                                                 Also found on the
                                                                 computer were 12
                                                                 credit card numbers
                                                                 that were used for
                                                                 event registration.
May 5, 2006..........................  U.S. Dept. of Veteran's  A data tape disappeared  16,500
                                        Affairs (Washington,     from a VA facility in
                                        D.C.).                   Indianapolis, IN that
                                                                 contained information
                                                                 on legal cases
                                                                 involving U.S.
                                                                 veterans and included
                                                                 veterans' Social
                                                                 Security numbers,
                                                                 dates of birth and
                                                                 legal documents.
                                                                UPDATE (10/11/06): The
                                                                 VA's Office of the
                                                                 General Counsel is
                                                                 offering identity
                                                                 theft protection
                                                                 services to those
                                                                 affected by the
                                                                 missing tape.
May 5, 2006..........................  Wells Fargo (San         Computer containing      Unknown.
                                        Francisco, CA).          names, addresses,
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers and mortgage
                                                                 loan deposit numbers
                                                                 of existing and
                                                                 prospective customers
                                                                 may have been stolen
                                                                 while being delivered
                                                                 from one bank facility
                                                                 to another.
May 12, 2006.........................  Mercantile Potomac Bank  Laptop containing        48,000
                                        (Gaithersburg, MD).      confidential
                                                                 information about
                                                                 customers, including
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers and account
                                                                 numbers was stolen
                                                                 when a bank employee
                                                                 removed it from the
                                                                 premises, in violation
                                                                 of the bank's
                                                                 policies. The computer
                                                                 did not contain
                                                                 customer passwords,
                                                                 personal
                                                                 identification numbers
                                                                 (PIN numbers) or
                                                                 account expiration
                                                                 dates.
May 19, 2006.........................  American Institute of    An unencrypted hard      330,000 [Updated 6/16/
                                        Certified Public         drive containing         06]
                                        Accountants (AICPA)      names, addresses and
                                        (New York, NY).          Social Security
                                                                 numbers of AICPA
                                                                 members was lost when
                                                                 it was shipped back to
                                                                 the organization by a
                                                                 computer repair
                                                                 company.
May 19, 2006.........................  Unknown. retail          Visa, MasterCard, and    Unknown.
                                        merchant.                other debit and credit
                                                                 card numbers from
                                                                 banks across the
                                                                 country were stolen
                                                                 when a national
                                                                 retailer's database
                                                                 was breached. No
                                                                 names, Social Security
                                                                 numbers or other
                                                                 personal
                                                                 identification were
                                                                 taken.
May 22, 2006.........................  U.S. Dept. of Veteran's  On May 3, data of all    28,600,000
                                        Affairs (Washington,     American veterans who
                                        DC) (800) 827-1000.      were discharged since
                                                                 1975 including names,
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers, dates of
                                                                 birth and in many
                                                                 cases phone numbers
                                                                 and addresses, were
                                                                 stolen from a VA
                                                                 employee's home. Theft
                                                                 of the laptop and
                                                                 computer storage
                                                                 device included data
                                                                 of 26.5 milliion
                                                                 veterans. The data did
                                                                 not contain medical or
                                                                 financial information,
                                                                 but may have
                                                                 disability numerical
                                                                 rankings.
                                                                UPDATE: An additional
                                                                 2.1 million active and
                                                                 reserve service
                                                                 members were added to
                                                                 the total number of
                                                                 affected individuals
                                                                 June 1st.
                                                                UPDATE (6/29/06): The
                                                                 stolen laptop computer
                                                                 and the external hard
                                                                 drive were recovered.
                                                                UPDATE (7/14/06): FBI
                                                                 claims no data had
                                                                 been taken from stolen
                                                                 computer.
                                                                UPDATE (8/5/06): Two
                                                                 teens were arrested in
                                                                 the theft of the
                                                                 laptop.
                                                                UPDATE (8/25/06): In an
                                                                 Aug. 25 letter,
                                                                 Secretary Nicholson
                                                                 told veterans of the
                                                                 decision to not offer
                                                                 them credit monitoring
                                                                 services. Rather the
                                                                 VA has contracted with
                                                                 a company to conduct
                                                                 breach analysis to
                                                                 monitor for ``patterns
                                                                 of misuse.''.
May 23, 2006.........................  Univ. of Delaware        Security breach of a     1,076
                                        (Newark, DE).            Department of Public
                                                                 Safety computer server
                                                                 potentialy exposes
                                                                 names, Social Security
                                                                 numbers and driver's
                                                                 license numbers.
May 23, 2006.........................  M&T Bank (Buffalo, NY).  Laptop computer, owned   Unknown.
                                                                 by PFPC, a third party
                                                                 company that provides
                                                                 record keeping
                                                                 services for M & T's
                                                                 Portfolio Architect
                                                                 accounts was stolen
                                                                 from a vehicle. The
                                                                 laptop contained
                                                                 clients' account
                                                                 numbers, Social
                                                                 Security numbers, last
                                                                 name and the first two
                                                                 letters of their first
                                                                 name.
May 23, 2006.........................  Butler Co. Dept. of      Three laptop computers   100 clients
                                        Mental Retardation &     were stolen ``last
                                        Developmental            month'' from the
                                        Disabilities             agency's office. They
                                        (Cincinatti, OH).        contained personal
                                                                 information on mental
                                                                 health clients,
                                                                 including SSNs.
May 23, 2006.........................  Mortgage Lenders         A former employee was    231,000
                                        Network USA              arrested for extortion
                                        (Middletown, CT).        for attempting to
                                                                 blackmail his former
                                                                 employer for $6.9
                                                                 million. He threatened
                                                                 to expose company
                                                                 files containing
                                                                 sensitive customer
                                                                 information--including
                                                                 customers' names,
                                                                 addressess, Social
                                                                 Security numbers, loan
                                                                 numbers, and loan
                                                                 types--if the company
                                                                 didn't pay him. He
                                                                 stole the files over
                                                                 the 16 months he
                                                                 worked there.
May 24, 2006.........................  Sacred Heart Univ.       It was discovered on     Unknown.
                                        (Fairfield, CT).         May 8th that a
                                                                 computer containing
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 including names,
                                                                 addresses and Social
                                                                 Security numbers was
                                                                 breached.
May 24, 2006.........................  American Red Cross, St.  Dishonest employee had   1,000,000
                                        Louis Chapter (St.       access to Social
                                        Louis, MO).              Security numbers of
                                                                 donors to call urging
                                                                 them to give blood
                                                                 again. The employee
                                                                 misused the persoal
                                                                 information of at
                                                                 least 3 people to
                                                                 perpetrate identity
                                                                 theft and had access
                                                                 to the personal
                                                                 information of 1
                                                                 million donors.
May 25, 2006.........................  Vystar Credit Union      Hacker gained access to  Approx. 34,400 (``less
                                        (Jacksonville, FL).      member accounts ``a      than 10% of its
                                                                 few weeks ago'' and      344,000 members'')
                                                                 stole personal
                                                                 information including
                                                                 names, addresses,
                                                                 birth dates, mother's
                                                                 maiden names, SSNs and/
                                                                 or email addresses.
May 30, 2006.........................  Texas Guaranteed         Texas Guaranteed (TG)    1,300,000 plus 400,000
                                        Student Loan Corp.       was notified by          for total of
                                        (Round Rock, TX) via     subcontractor            1,700,000.
                                        subcontractor,           Hummingbird that on
                                        Hummingbird (Toronto,    May 24, an employee
                                        Canada).                 had lost a piece of
                                                                 equipment containing
                                                                 names and Social
                                                                 Security numbers of TG
                                                                 borrowers.
                                                                UPDATE (6/16/06): TG
                                                                 now says a total of
                                                                 1.7 million people's
                                                                 information was
                                                                 compromised, 400,000
                                                                 more than original
                                                                 estimate of 1.3
                                                                 million.
May 30, 2006.........................  Florida Int'l Univ.      Hacker accessed a        ``thousands''.
                                        (Miami, FL).             database that
                                                                 contained personal
                                                                 information, such as
                                                                 student and applicant
                                                                 names and Social
                                                                 Security numbers.
May 31, 2006.........................  Humana (Louisville, KY)  On May 5, 2006,          268 Minnesota and North
                                                                 Medicare drug benefit    Dakota applicants
                                                                 applications were
                                                                 stolen from an
                                                                 insurance agent's
                                                                 unlocked car in
                                                                 Brooklyn Park, MN.
                                                                 Information included
                                                                 applicants' name,
                                                                 address, date of
                                                                 birth, Social Security
                                                                 number, and bank
                                                                 routing information.
June 1, 2006.........................  Miami University         An employee lost a hand- 851
                                        (Oxford, OH).            held personal computer
                                                                 containing personal
                                                                 information of
                                                                 students who were
                                                                 enrolled between July
                                                                 2001 and May 2006.
June 1, 2006.........................  Ernst & Young (UK).....  A laptop containing      243,000
                                                                 names, addresses and
                                                                 credit or debit card
                                                                 information of
                                                                 Hotels.com customers
                                                                 was stolen from an
                                                                 employee's car in
                                                                 Texas.
June 1, 2006.........................  Univ. of Kentucky        Personal information of  1,300
                                        (Lexington, KY).         current and former
                                                                 University of Kentucky
                                                                 employees including
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers was
                                                                 inadvertently
                                                                 accessible online for
                                                                 19 days last month.
June 2, 2006.........................  Buckeye Community        Four laptop computers    72,000
                                        Health Plan (Columbus,   containing customer
                                        OH).                     names, Social Security
                                                                 numbers, and addresses
                                                                 were stolen from the
                                                                 Medicaid insurance
                                                                 provider.
June 2, 2006.........................  Ahold USA (Landover,     An EDS employee lost a   Unknown.
                                        MD) Parent company of    laptop computer during
                                        Stop & Shop, Giant       a commercial flight
                                        stores and Tops stores   that contained pension
                                        via subcontractor        data of former
                                        Electronic Data          employees of Ahold's
                                        Systems (Plano, TX).     supermarket chains
                                                                 including Social
                                                                 Security numbers,
                                                                 birth dates and
                                                                 benefit amounts.
June 2, 2006.........................  YMCA (Providence, RI)..  Laptop computer          65,000
                                                                 containing personal
                                                                 information of members
                                                                 was stolen. The
                                                                 information included
                                                                 credit card and debit
                                                                 card numbers, checking
                                                                 account information,
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers, the names and
                                                                 addresses of children
                                                                 in daycare programs
                                                                 and medical
                                                                 information about the
                                                                 children, such as
                                                                 allergies and the
                                                                 medicine they take,
                                                                 though the type of
                                                                 stolen information
                                                                 about each person
                                                                 varies.
June 2, 2006.........................  Humana (Louisville, KY)  Personal information of  17,000 current and
                                                                 Humana customers         former Medicare
                                                                 enrolled in the          enrollees
                                                                 company's Medicare
                                                                 prescription drug
                                                                 plans could have been
                                                                 compromised when an
                                                                 insurance company
                                                                 employee called up the
                                                                 data through a hotel
                                                                 computer and then
                                                                 failed to delete the
                                                                 file.
June 5, 2006.........................  Internal Revenue         A laptop computer        291
                                        Service (Washington,     containing personal
                                        DC).                     information of
                                                                 employees and job
                                                                 applicants, including
                                                                 fingerprints, names,
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers, and dates of
                                                                 birth, was lost during
                                                                 transit on an airline
                                                                 flight.
June 6, 2006.........................  Univ. of Texas (El       Students demonstrated    4,719
                                        Paso, TX).               that student body and
                                                                 faculty elections
                                                                 could be rigged by
                                                                 hacking into student
                                                                 information including
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers.
June 8, 2006.........................  Univ. of Michigan        Paper documents          5,000
                                        Credit Union (Ann        containing personal
                                        Arbor, MI).              information of credit
                                                                 union members were
                                                                 stolen from a storage
                                                                 room. The documents
                                                                 were supposed to have
                                                                 been digitally imaged
                                                                 and then shredded.
                                                                 Instead, they were
                                                                 stolen and used to
                                                                 perpetrate identity
                                                                 theft.
June 11, 2006........................  Denver Election          Records containing       150,000
                                        Commission (Denver,      personal information
                                        CO).                     on more than 150,000
                                                                 voters are missing at
                                                                 city election offices.
                                                                 The microfilmed voter
                                                                 registration files
                                                                 from 1989 to 1998 were
                                                                 in a 500-pound cabinet
                                                                 that disappeared when
                                                                 the commission moved
                                                                 to new offices in
                                                                 February. The files
                                                                 contain voters' Social
                                                                 Security numbers,
                                                                 addresses and other
                                                                 personal information.
June 12, 2006........................  U.S. Dept. of Energy     Names, Social Security   1,502
                                        (Washington, D.C.).      numbers, security
                                                                 clearance levels and
                                                                 place of employment
                                                                 for mostly contract
                                                                 employees who worked
                                                                 for National Nuclear
                                                                 Security
                                                                 Administration may
                                                                 have been compromised
                                                                 when a hacker gained
                                                                 entry to a computer
                                                                 system at a service
                                                                 center in Albuquerque,
                                                                 N.M. eight months ago.
June 13, 2006........................  Minn. State Auditor      Three laptops possibly   493
                                        (St. Paul, MN).          containing Social
                                                                 Security numbers of
                                                                 employees and
                                                                 recipients of housing
                                                                 and welfare benefits
                                                                 along with other
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 of local governments
                                                                 the auditor oversees
                                                                 have gone missing.
June 13, 2006........................  Oregon Dept. of Revenue  Electronic files         2,200
                                        (Salem, OR).             containing personal
                                                                 data of Oregon
                                                                 taxpayers may have
                                                                 been compromised by an
                                                                 ex-employee's
                                                                 downloaded a
                                                                 contaminated file from
                                                                 a porn site. The
                                                                 ``trojan'' attached to
                                                                 the file may have sent
                                                                 taxpayer information
                                                                 back to the source
                                                                 when the computer was
                                                                 turned on.
June 13, 2006........................  U.S. Dept of Energy,     Current and former       4,000
                                        Hanford Nuclear          workers at the Hanford
                                        Reservation (Richland,   Nuclear Reservation
                                        WA).                     that their personal
                                                                 information may have
                                                                 been compromised,
                                                                 after police found a
                                                                 1996 list with
                                                                 workers' names and
                                                                 other information in a
                                                                 home during an
                                                                 unrelated
                                                                 investigation.
June 14, 2006........................  American Insurance       The computer server was  930,000
                                        Group (AIG), Indiana     stolen on March 31
                                        Office of Medical        containing personal
                                        Excess, LLC (New York,   information including
                                        NY).                     names, Social Security
                                                                 numbers, birth dates,
                                                                 and some medical and
                                                                 disability information.
June 14, 2006........................  Western Illinios Univ.   On June 5th, a hacker    180,000
                                        (Macomb, IL).            compromised a
                                                                 University server that
                                                                 contained names,
                                                                 addresses, credit card
                                                                 numbers and Social
                                                                 Security numbers of
                                                                 people connected to
                                                                 the University.
                                                                UPDATE (7/5/06): Number
                                                                 affected reduced from
                                                                 240,000.
June 16, 2006........................  Union Pacific (Omaha,    On April 29th, an        30,000
                                        NE).                     employee's laptop was
                                                                 stolen that contained
                                                                 data for current and
                                                                 former Union Pacific
                                                                 employees, including
                                                                 names, birth dates and
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers.
June 16, 2006........................  NY State Controller's    State controller data    1,300
                                        Office (Albany, NY).     cartridge containing
                                                                 payroll data of
                                                                 employees who work for
                                                                 a variety of state
                                                                 agencies was lost
                                                                 during shipment. The
                                                                 data contained names,
                                                                 salaries, Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 home addresses.
June 16, 2006........................  ING (Miami, FL)........  Two ING laptops that     8,500
                                                                 carried sensitive data
                                                                 affecting Jackson
                                                                 Health System hospital
                                                                 workers were stolen in
                                                                 December 2005. The
                                                                 computers, belonging
                                                                 to financial services
                                                                 provider ING,
                                                                 contained information
                                                                 gathered during a
                                                                 voluntary life
                                                                 insurance enrollment
                                                                 drive in December and
                                                                 included names, birth
                                                                 dates and Social
                                                                 Security numbers.
June 16, 2006........................  Univ. of Kentucky        The personal data of     6,500
                                        (Lexington, KY).         current and former
                                                                 students including
                                                                 classroom rosters
                                                                 names, grades and
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers was reported
                                                                 stolen on May 26
                                                                 following the theft of
                                                                 a professor's flash
                                                                 drive.
June 17, 2006........................  ING (Washington, D.C.).  Laptop stolen from       13,000
                                                                 employee's home
                                                                 containing retirement
                                                                 plan information
                                                                 including Social
                                                                 Security numbers of
                                                                 D.C. city employees.
June 17, 2006........................  Automatic Data           Personal and payroll     80
                                        Processing (ADP)         information of workers
                                        (Roseland, NJ).          were intended to be
                                                                 faxed between ADP
                                                                 offices and were
                                                                 mistakenly sent to a
                                                                 third party.
June 17, 2006........................  CA Dept. of Health       CDHS documents were      1,550
                                        Services (CDHS)          inappropriately
                                        (Sacramento, CA).        emptied from an
                                                                 employee's cubicle on
                                                                 June 5 and 9 rather
                                                                 than shredded.
                                                                The documents contained
                                                                 state employees and
                                                                 other individuals
                                                                 applying for
                                                                 employment with the
                                                                 state including names,
                                                                 addresses, Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 home and work
                                                                 telephone numbers.
                                                                 They were mostly
                                                                 expired state
                                                                 employment
                                                                 certification lists,
                                                                 but also included
                                                                 requests for personnel
                                                                 action, copies of e-
                                                                 mail messages and
                                                                 handwritten notes.
June 20, 2006........................  Equifax (Atlanta, GA)..  On May 29, a company     2,500
                                                                 laptop containing
                                                                 employee names and
                                                                 partial and full
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers was stolen
                                                                 from an employee.
June 20, 2006........................  Univ. of Alabama         In February a computer   9,800
                                        (Birmingham, AL).        was stolen from a
                                                                 locked office of the
                                                                 kidney transplant
                                                                 program at the
                                                                 University of Alabama
                                                                 at Birmingham that
                                                                 contained confidential
                                                                 information of donors,
                                                                 organ recipients and
                                                                 potential recipients
                                                                 including names,
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers and medical
                                                                 information.
June 21, 2006........................  U.S. Dept. of            During the first week    26,000
                                        Agriculture (USDA)       in June, a hacker
                                        (Washington, D.C.).      broke into the
                                                                 Department's computer
                                                                 system and may have
                                                                 obtained names, Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 photos of current and
                                                                 former employees and
                                                                 contractors.
June 21, 2006........................  Cape Fear Valley Health  Portable computer        24,350
                                        System (Fayetteville,    containing personal
                                        NC).                     information of more
                                                                 than 24,000 people was
                                                                 stolen from ambulance
                                                                 of Cumberland Co.
                                                                 Emergency Medical
                                                                 Services on June 8th.
                                                                 It contained
                                                                 information on people
                                                                 treated by the EMS,
                                                                 including names,
                                                                 addresses, and
                                                                 birthdates, plus SSNs
                                                                 of 84% of those listed.
June 21, 2006 (Date of letter sent to  Lancaster General        A desktop computer with  ``Hundreds of local
 doctors. Date of news story is July    Hospital (Lancaster,     personal information     physicians'' (not
 28, 2006).                             PA).                     of hundreds of doctors   included in total
                                                                 was stolen from a        below)
                                                                 locked office June 10.
                                                                 The unencrypted data
                                                                 included names,
                                                                 practice addresses,
                                                                 and SSNs of physicians
                                                                 on medical and dental
                                                                 staff.
June 22, 2006........................  Federal Trade            Two laptop computers     110
                                        Commission (FTC)         containing personal
                                        (Washington, D.C.).      and financial data
                                                                 were stolen from an
                                                                 employee's vehicle.
                                                                 The data included
                                                                 names, addresses,
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers, dates of
                                                                 birth, and in some
                                                                 instances, financial
                                                                 account numbers
                                                                 gathered in law
                                                                 enforcement
                                                                 investigations.
June 23, 2006........................  San Francisco State      A faculty member's       3,000
                                        Univ. (San Francisco,    laptop was stolen from
                                        CA).                     a car on June 1 that
                                                                 contained personal
                                                                 information of former
                                                                 and current students
                                                                 including Social
                                                                 Security numbers, and
                                                                 names and in some
                                                                 instance, phone
                                                                 numbers and grade
                                                                 point averages.
June 23, 2006........................  U.S. Navy (Washington,   Navy personnel were      30,000
                                        D.C.).                   notified on June 22
                                                                 that a civilian web
                                                                 site contained files
                                                                 with personal
                                                                 information of Navy
                                                                 members and dependents
                                                                 including names, birth
                                                                 dates and Social
                                                                 Security numbers.
June 23, 2006........................  CA Dept. of Health       On June 12, a box of     323
                                        Services (CDHS)          Medi-Cal forms from
                                        (Sacramento, CA).        December 2005 were
                                                                 found in the cubicle
                                                                 of a CDHS employee.
                                                                 The claim forms
                                                                 contained the names,
                                                                 addresses, Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 prescriptions for
                                                                 beneficiaries or their
                                                                 family members.
June 23, 2006........................  Catawba County Schools   On June 22, it was       619
                                        (Newton, NC).            discovered that a web
                                                                 site posted names,
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers, and test
                                                                 scores of students who
                                                                 had taken a
                                                                 keyboarding and
                                                                 computer applications
                                                                 placement test during
                                                                 the 2001-02 school
                                                                 year.
                                                                UPDATE: The web site
                                                                 containing the data
                                                                 has been removed.
June 23, 2006........................  King County Records,     Social Security numbers  Unknown.
                                        Elections, and           for potentially
                                        Licensing Services       thousands of current
                                        Division (Seattle, WA).  and former county
                                                                 residents may be
                                                                 exposed on the
                                                                 agency's web site.
                                                                 Residents can request
                                                                 that the image of any
                                                                 document that contains
                                                                 a Social Security
                                                                 number, Mother's
                                                                 Maiden Name or Drivers
                                                                 License be removed.
                                                                 Officials state that
                                                                 they are unable to
                                                                 alter original public
                                                                 documents and cannot
                                                                 choose to not record
                                                                 documents presented
                                                                 for recording.
June 27, 2006........................  Gov't Accountability     Data from audit reports  ``Fewer than 1,000''
                                        Office (GAO)             on Defense Department    [1,000 used in total]
                                        (Washington, D.C.).      travel vouchers from
                                                                 the 1970s were
                                                                 inadvertently posted
                                                                 online and included
                                                                 some service members'
                                                                 names, Social Security
                                                                 numbers and addresses.
                                                                 The agency has
                                                                 subsequently removed
                                                                 the information.
June 28, 2006........................  AAAAA Rent-A-Space       Customer's account       13,000
                                        (Colma, CA).             information including
                                                                 name, address, credit
                                                                 card, and Social
                                                                 Security number was
                                                                 easily accessible due
                                                                 to a security gap in
                                                                 its online payment
                                                                 system.
June 29, 2006........................  AllState Insurance       Over Memorial Day        2,700
                                        Huntsville branch        weekend, a computer
                                        (Huntsville, AL).        containing personal
                                                                 data including images
                                                                 of insurance policies,
                                                                 correspondence and
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers was stolen.
June 29, 2006........................  Nebraska Treasurer's     A hacker broke into a    309,000
                                        Office (Lincoln, NE).    child-support computer
                                                                 system and may have
                                                                 obtained names, Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 other information such
                                                                 as tax identification
                                                                 numbers for 9,000
                                                                 businesses.
June 29, 2006........................  Minnesota Dept. of       On May 16, a package     50,400
                                        Revenue (St. Paul, MN).  containing a data tape
                                                                 used to back up the
                                                                 regional office's
                                                                 computers went missing
                                                                 during delivery. The
                                                                 tape contained
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 including individuals'
                                                                 names, addresses, and
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers.
                                                                UPDATE (7/20/06): The
                                                                 package was reported
                                                                 delivered 2 months
                                                                 later, but apparently
                                                                 had been temporarily
                                                                 lost by the U.S.
                                                                 Postal Service.
June 30, 2006........................  Nat'l Institutes of      NIHFCU is investigating  ``Very few'' of 41,000
                                        Health Federal Credit    with law enforcement     members affected [not
                                        Union (Rockville, MD).   the identity theft of    included in total]
                                                                 some of its 41,000
                                                                 members. No details
                                                                 given on type of
                                                                 information stolen, or
                                                                 how it was stolen.
July 1, 2006.........................  American Red Cross,      Sometime in May, 3       Unknown.
                                        Farmers Branch           laptops were stolen,
                                        (Dallas, TX).            one of them containing
                                                                 encrypted personal
                                                                 information including
                                                                 names, SSNs, dates of
                                                                 birth, and medical
                                                                 information of all
                                                                 regional donors. They
                                                                 also report losing a
                                                                 laptop with encrypted
                                                                 donor information in
                                                                 June 2005.
July 5, 2006.........................  Bisys Group Inc.         Personal details about   61,000
                                        (Roseland, NJ).          61,000 hedge fund
                                                                 investors were lost
                                                                 when an employee's
                                                                 truck carrying backup
                                                                 tapes was stolen. The
                                                                 data included SSNs of
                                                                 35,000 individuals.
                                                                 The tapes were being
                                                                 moved from one Bisys
                                                                 facility to another on
                                                                 June 8 when the theft
                                                                 occurred.
July 6, 2006.........................  Automated Data           Payroll service company  ``Hundreds of
                                        Processing (ADP)         ADP gave scam-artist     thousands'' [not
                                        (Roseland, NJ).          names, addresses, and    included in total]
                                                                 number of shares held
                                                                 of investors, although
                                                                 apparently not SSNs or
                                                                 account numbers. The
                                                                 leak occurred from
                                                                 Nov. '05 to Feb. '06
                                                                 and involved
                                                                 individual investors
                                                                 with 60 companies
                                                                 including Fidelity,
                                                                 UBS, Morgan Stanley ,
                                                                 Bear Stearns,
                                                                 Citigroup, Merrill
                                                                 Lynch.
July 7, 2006.........................  University of Tennessee  Hacker broke into UT     36,000
                                        (866) 748-1680.          computer containing
                                                                 names, addresses and
                                                                 SSNs of about 36,000
                                                                 past and current
                                                                 employees. Intruder
                                                                 apparently used
                                                                 computer from Aug. '05
                                                                 to May '06 to store
                                                                 and transmit movies.
July 7, 2006.........................  Nat'l Association of     Ten laptops were stolen  73
                                        Securities Dealers       on Feb. 25 '06 from
                                        (NASD) (Boca Raton,      NASD investigators.
                                        FL).                     They included SSNs of
                                                                 securities dealers who
                                                                 were the subject of
                                                                 investigations
                                                                 involving possible
                                                                 misconduct. Inactive
                                                                 account numbers of
                                                                 about 1,000 consumers
                                                                 were also contained on
                                                                 laptops.
July 7, 2006.........................  Naval Safety Center....  SSNs and other personal  ``more than 100,000''
                                                                 information of naval
                                                                 and Marine Corps
                                                                 aviators and air crew,
                                                                 both active and
                                                                 reserve, were exposed
                                                                 on Center web site and
                                                                 on 1,100 computer
                                                                 discs mailed to naval
                                                                 commands.
July 7, 2006.........................  Montana Public Health    A state government       Unknown.
                                        and Human Services       computer was stolen
                                        Dept. (Helena, MT).      from the office of a
                                                                 drug dependency
                                                                 program during a 4th
                                                                 of July break-in. It
                                                                 was not known if
                                                                 sensitive information
                                                                 such as SSNs was
                                                                 compromised.
July 7, 2006.........................  City of Hattiesburg      Video surveillance       ``thousands of city
                                        (Hattiesburg, MS).       cameras caught 2         workers and
                                                                 intruders stealing       contractors''
                                                                 hard drives from 18
                                                                 computers June 23.
                                                                 Data files contained
                                                                 names, addresses, and
                                                                 SSNs of current and
                                                                 former city employees
                                                                 and registered voters
                                                                 as well as bank
                                                                 account information
                                                                 for employees paid
                                                                 through direct deposit
                                                                 and water system
                                                                 customers who paid
                                                                 bills electronically.
July 13, 2006........................  Moraine Park Technical   Computer disk (CD) with  1,500
                                        College (Beaver Dam,     personal information
                                        Fond du Lac, & West      of 1,500 students was
                                        Bend, WI).               reported missing.
                                                                 Information includes
                                                                 names, addresses,
                                                                 phone numbers & SSNs
                                                                 of apprenticeship
                                                                 students back to 1993.
July 14, 2006........................  Northwestern Univ.       Files containing names   ``As many as 17,000
                                        (Evanston, IL) (888-     and some personal        individuals' records''
                                        209-0097).               information including    exposed.
                                                                 SSNs were on 9 desktop
                                                                 computers that had
                                                                 been accessed by
                                                                 unauthorized persons
                                                                 outside the
                                                                 University. The
                                                                 computers were in the
                                                                 Office of Admissions
                                                                 and Financial Aid
                                                                 Office.
July 14, 2006........................  University of Iowa       Laptop computer          280
                                        (Davenport, IA).         containing personal
                                                                 information of current
                                                                 and former MBA
                                                                 students was stolen.
                                                                 Data files included
                                                                 SSNs and some contact
                                                                 info.
July 14, 2006 (Date of letter sent to  California Polytechnic   Laptop computer was      3,020 students
 students. Date of news story is 8/1/   State University (Cal    stolen from the home
 06).                                   Poly) (San Luis          of a physics
                                        Obispo, CA) (Call        department professor
                                        (805) 756-2226 or        July 3. It included
                                        (805) 756-2171).         names and SSNs of
                                                                 physics and astronomy
                                                                 students from 1994-
                                                                 2004.
July 14, 2006........................  Treasurer's computer in  Public computer in city  ``Over 100,000
                                        Circuit Court Clerk's    government building      records'' (The number
                                        office (Hampton, VA).    containing taxpayer      containing SSNs is not
                                                                 information was found    known yet and not
                                                                 to display SSNs of       included in total
                                                                 many residents--those    below.)
                                                                 who paid personal
                                                                 property and real
                                                                 estate taxes. It was
                                                                 shut down and
                                                                 confiscated by the
                                                                 police on July 12th.
                                                                UPDATE (7/27/2006):
                                                                 Investigation
                                                                 concluded that the
                                                                 data was exposed due
                                                                 to software problem.
July 16, 2006........................  Mississippi Secretary    The state agency's web   Among the 2 million
                                        of State (Jackson, MS).  site listed 2 million+   postings are
                                                                 Uniform Commercial       ``thousands''
                                                                 Code (UCC) filings in    containing SSNs (not
                                                                 which thousands of       included in total)
                                                                 individuals' SSNs were
                                                                 exposed.
July 17, 2006........................  Vassar Brothers Medical  Laptop was stolen from   [257,800 patients were
                                        Center (Poughkeepsie,    the emergency            initially notified,
                                        NY) (845) 483-6990.      department between       but an analysis by
                                                                 June 23-26. It           Kroll later determined
                                                                 contained information    that the laptop
                                                                 on patients dating       contained no personal
                                                                 back to 2000,            information. This
                                                                 including SSNs and       number is not included
                                                                 dates of birth.          in the total below.]
                                                                UPDATE (10/5/06):
                                                                 Private investigators
                                                                 determined the laptop
                                                                 did not contain
                                                                 personally
                                                                 identifiable patient
                                                                 information.
July 18, 2006........................  Nelnet Inc. (Lincoln,    Computer tape            188,000
                                        NE) (800) 552-7925.      containing personal
                                                                 information of student
                                                                 loan customers and
                                                                 parents, mostly from
                                                                 Colorado, was lost
                                                                 when shipped via UPS.
                                                                 The loans were
                                                                 previously serviced by
                                                                 College Access Network.
July 18, 2006........................  CS Stars, subsidiary of  On May 9, CS Stars lost  540,000
                                        insurance company        track of a personal
                                        Marsh Inc. (Chicago,     computer containing
                                        IL).                     records of more than a
                                                                 half million New
                                                                 Yorkers who made
                                                                 claims to a special
                                                                 workers' comp fund.
                                                                 The lost data includes
                                                                 SSNs and date of birth
                                                                 but apparently no
                                                                 medical information.
                                                                UPDATE (7/26/06):
                                                                 Computer was recovered.
                                                                UPDATE (04/26/07): The
                                                                 New York Attorney
                                                                 General's office found
                                                                 that CS Stars violated
                                                                 the state's security
                                                                 breach law. CS Stars
                                                                 must pay the Attorney
                                                                 General's office
                                                                 $60,000 for
                                                                 investigation costs.
                                                                 It was determined that
                                                                 the computer had been
                                                                 stolen by an employee
                                                                 of a cleaning
                                                                 contractor, the
                                                                 missing computer was
                                                                 located and recovered,
                                                                 and that the data on
                                                                 the missing computer
                                                                 had not been
                                                                 improperly accessed.
July 18, 2006........................  U.S. Dept. of            Laptop computer and      350
                                        Agriculture              printout containing
                                        (Wellington, KS).        names, addresses and
                                                                 SSNs of 350 employees
                                                                 was stolen from an
                                                                 employee's car and
                                                                 later recovered.
July 24, 2006........................  New York City Dept. of   The personal             8,400
                                        Homeless Services.       information of 8,400
                                                                 homeless persons,
                                                                 including SSNs, was
                                                                 leaked in an e-mail
                                                                 attachment July 21,
                                                                 when accidentally sent
                                                                 to homeless advocates
                                                                 and city officials.
July 25, 2006........................  Armstrong World          A laptop containing      12,000
                                        Industries (Lancaster    personal information
                                        Co., PA).                of current and former
                                                                 employers was stolen.
                                                                 The computer was in
                                                                 the possession of the
                                                                 company's auditor,
                                                                 Deloitte & Touche.
                                                                 Data included names,
                                                                 home addresses, phone
                                                                 numbers, SSNs,
                                                                 employee ID numbers,
                                                                 salary data, and bank
                                                                 account numbers of
                                                                 employees who have
                                                                 their checks directly
                                                                 deposited.
July 25, 2006........................  Belhaven College         An employee carrying     300 employees
                                        (Jackson, MS).           laptop was robbed at
                                                                 gunpoint on July 19
                                                                 while walking to his
                                                                 car. Computer
                                                                 contained names and
                                                                 SSNs of college
                                                                 employees.
July 25, 2006........................  Georgetown University    Patient data was         ``between 5,600 and
                                        Hospital (Washington,    exposed online via the   23,000 patients were
                                        DC).                     computers of an e-       affected'' (23,000
                                                                 prescription provider,   added to total below)
                                                                 InstantDx. Data
                                                                 included names,
                                                                 addresses, SSNs, and
                                                                 dates of birth, but
                                                                 not medical or
                                                                 prescription data. GUH
                                                                 suspended the trial
                                                                 program with InstantDX.
July 25, 2006........................  Old Mutual Capital       Laptop was stolen        6,500 fund shareholders
                                        Inc., subsidiary of      sometime in May
                                        United Kingdom-based     containing personal
                                        financial services       information of U.S.
                                        firm Old Mutual PLC.     clients, including
                                                                 names, addresses,
                                                                 account numbers and
                                                                 some SSNs.
July 25, 2006........................  Cablevision Systems      A tape en route to the   13,700 current and
                                        Corp. (lost when         company's 401(k) plan    former employees
                                        shipped to Dallas-       record-keeper ACS was
                                        based ACS).              lost when shipped by
                                                                 FedEx to Dallas, TX.
                                                                 No customer data was
                                                                 on the tape.
July 26, 2006........................  U.S. Navy recruitment    Two laptop computers     31,000 records were
                                        offices (Trenton, NJ,    with information on      stolen, with about
                                        and Jersey City, NJ).    Navy recruiters and      4,000 containing SSNs.
                                                                 applicants were stolen   The latter number is
                                                                 in June and July. Also   included in the total
                                                                 included was             below
                                                                 information from
                                                                 selective service and
                                                                 school lists. About
                                                                 4,000 records
                                                                 contained SSNs. Files
                                                                 were password
                                                                 protected.
July 26, 2006........................  West Virginia Div. of    A laptop was stolen      Unknown.
                                        Rehabilitation           July 24 containing
                                        Services (Beckley, WV).  clients' names,
                                                                 addresses, SSNs, and
                                                                 bphone numbers. Data
                                                                 was password protected.
July 27, 2006........................  Kaiser Permanente        A laptop was stolen      160,000 records.
                                        Northern Calif. Office   containing names,        Because the data file
                                        (Oakland, CA) (866)      phone numbers, and the   did not include SSNs,
                                        453-3934.                Kaiser number for each   this number is not
                                                                 HMO member. The data     added to the total
                                                                 file did not include     below
                                                                 SSNs. The data was
                                                                 being used to market
                                                                 Hearing Aid Services
                                                                 to Health Plan members.
July 27, 2006........................  Los Angeles County (Los  In May, a laptop was     Unknown.
                                        Angeles, CA).            stolen from the home
                                                                 of a community and
                                                                 senior services
                                                                 employee. It contained
                                                                 information on LA
                                                                 County employees.
July 27, 2006........................  Los Angeles Co.,         Earlier in July, a       4,800 records. Because
                                        Community Development    computer hacker          it is not clear if
                                        Commission (CDC)         located in Germany       SSNs were included,
                                        (Monterey Park, CA).     gained access to the     this number is not
                                                                 CDC's computer system,   added to the total
                                                                 containing personal      below
                                                                 information on 4,800
                                                                 public housing
                                                                 residents.
July 27, 2006........................  Los Angeles County,      Last weekend 11 laptops  Unknown.
                                        Adult Protective         were stolen from the
                                        Services (Burbank, CA).  Burbank office. It is
                                                                 not clear what type of
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 was included.
July 28, 2006........................  Matrix Bancorp Inc.      Two laptop computers     Unknown.
                                        (Denver, CO) (877-250-   were stolen during
                                        7742).                   daytime while staffers
                                                                 were away from their
                                                                 desks. One computer
                                                                 contained customers'
                                                                 account information.
                                                                 The bank says data is
                                                                 encrypted and password
                                                                 protected.
July 28, 2006........................  Riverside, Calif., city  The SSNs and financial   ``nearly 2,000
                                        employees.               information regarding    employees''
                                                                 401(k) accounts was
                                                                 accidentally e-mailed
                                                                 to 2,300 city
                                                                 employees due to a
                                                                 computer operator's
                                                                 error. The data was
                                                                 intended for the city
                                                                 payroll dept.
July 29, 2006........................  Sentry Insurance         Personal information     Information on 72
                                        (Stevens Point, WI).     including SSNs on        claimants was sold on
                                                                 worker's compensation    the Internet. Data on
                                                                 claimants was stolen,    an additional 112,198
                                                                 some of which was        claimants was also
                                                                 later sold on the        stolen with no
                                                                 Internet. No medical     evidence of being sold
                                                                 records were included.   online.
                                                                 The thief was a lead    Total affected is
                                                                 programmer-consultant    112,270
                                                                 who had access to
                                                                 claimants' data. The
                                                                 consultant was
                                                                 arrested and faces
                                                                 felony charges.
Aug. ?, 2006.........................  CoreLogic for ComUnity   In early August,         Unknown.
                                        Lending (Sacramento,     CoreLogic notified
                                        CA) (877) 510-3700       customers of ComUnity
                                        identityprotection@      Lending that a
                                        corelogic.com.           computer with
                                                                 customers' data was
                                                                 stolen from its
                                                                 office. Data included
                                                                 names, SSNs, and
                                                                 property addresses
                                                                 related to an existing
                                                                 or anticipated
                                                                 mortgage loan.
Aug. 1, 2006.........................  U.S. Bank (Covington,    A bank employee's        ``very small'' number
                                        KT).                     briefcase was stolen
                                                                 from the employee's
                                                                 car with documents
                                                                 containing names,
                                                                 phone numbers, and
                                                                 SSNs of customers.
Aug. 1, 2006.........................  Wichita State            WSU learned on June 29   2,000
                                        University (Wichita,     that someone gained
                                        KS).                     unauthorized access
                                                                 into 3 computers in
                                                                 its College of Fine
                                                                 Arts box office,
                                                                 containing credit card
                                                                 information for about
                                                                 2,000 patrons.
Aug. 1, 2006.........................  Wichita State            An intrusion into a WSU  40 (not included in
                                        University (Wichita,     psychology               total below because it
                                        KS).                     department's server      is not known if SSNs
                                                                 was discovered July      were included in
                                                                 16. It contained         breached data)
                                                                 information on about
                                                                 40 applicants to the
                                                                 doctoral program.
Aug. 1, 2006.........................  Dollar Tree (Carmichael  Customers of the         Total number unknown
                                        and Modesto, CA, as      discount store have
                                        well as Ashland, OR,     reported money stolen
                                        and perhaps other        from their bank
                                        locations).              accounts due to
                                                                 unauthorized ATM
                                                                 withdrawals. Data may
                                                                 have been intercepted
                                                                 by a thief's use of a
                                                                 wireless laptop
                                                                 computer with the
                                                                 thief then creating
                                                                 counterfeit ATM cards
                                                                 and using them to
                                                                 withdraw money.
                                                                UPDATE (10/5/06):
                                                                 Parkev Krmoian was
                                                                 indicted by a federal
                                                                 grand jury for
                                                                 allegedly using phony
                                                                 ATM cards made from
                                                                 gift cards. The case
                                                                 is tied to the Dollar
                                                                 Tree customer bank
                                                                 account thefts.
Aug. 1, 2006.........................  Ron Tonkin Nissan        Several months ago the   Up to 16,000 affected
                                        (Portland, OR)           car dealership
                                        Questions? Call: (503)   experienced a security
                                        251-3349.                breach affecting the
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 of those who bought
                                                                 cars or applied for
                                                                 credit between 2001
                                                                 and March 2006.
Aug. 4, 2006.........................  Toyota plant (San        Laptop belonging to      1,500
                                        Antonio, TX).            contractor and
                                                                 containing personal
                                                                 information of job
                                                                 applicants and
                                                                 employees was stolen.
                                                                 Data included names
                                                                 and SSNs.
Aug. 4, 2006.........................  PSA HealthCare           A company laptop was     51,000 current and
                                        (Norcross, GA) (866)     stolen from an           former patients.
                                        752-5259.                employee's vehicle in
                                                                 a public parking lot
                                                                 July 15. It contained
                                                                 names, addresses,
                                                                 SSNs, and medical
                                                                 diagnostic and
                                                                 treatment information
                                                                 used in reimbursement
                                                                 claims.
Aug. 6, 2006.........................  American Online (AOL)    In late July AOL posted  Unknown how many
                                        (nationwide).            on a public web site     records contain high-
                                                                 data on 20 million web   risk personal
                                                                 queries from 650,000     information.
                                                                 users. Some search
                                                                 records exposed SSNs,
                                                                 credit card numbers,
                                                                 or other pieces of
                                                                 sensitive information.
                                                                UPDATE (9/26/06): Three
                                                                 individuals whose data
                                                                 were exposed have
                                                                 filed a lawsuit
                                                                 against AOL.
Aug. 7, 2006.........................  U.S. Dept. of Veteran's  Computer at              5,000 Philadelphia
                                        Affairs through its      contractor's office      patients, 11,000
                                        contractor Unisys        was reported missing     Pittsburgh patients,
                                        Corp. (Reston, VA).      Aug. 3, containing       2,000 deceased
                                                                 billing records with     patients, plus
                                                                 names, addresses,        possibly 20,000 more
                                                                 SSNs, and dates of       (18,000 is included in
                                                                 birth of veterans at 2   total below).
                                                                 Pennsylvania locations.
                                                                UPDATE (9/15/06): Law
                                                                 enforcement recovered
                                                                 the computer and
                                                                 arrested an individual
                                                                 who had worked for a
                                                                 company that provides
                                                                 temporary labor to
                                                                 Unisys.
Aug. 8, 2006.........................  Virginia Bureau of       The Bureau has advised   Unknown.
                                        Insurance (804) 726-     insurance agents in
                                        2630.                    the state that their
                                                                 SSN may have been
                                                                 exposed on its web
                                                                 site from June 13
                                                                 through July 31, 2006,
                                                                 due to a programming
                                                                 error. The SSNs were
                                                                 not shown on any web
                                                                 page, but could have
                                                                 been found by savvy
                                                                 computer users using
                                                                 the source code tool
                                                                 of a web browser.
Aug. 8, 2006.........................  Linens 'n Things         A folder holding about   90
                                        (Sterling, VA).          90 receipts was
                                                                 missing from the
                                                                 store. Receipts
                                                                 included full credit
                                                                 or debit account
                                                                 number and name of the
                                                                 card holder.
Aug. 9, 2006.........................  U.S. Dept. of            The DOT's Office of the  132,470
                                        Transportation (800)     Inspector General
                                        424-9071                 reported a special
                                        [email protected].     agent's laptop was
                                                                 stolen on July 27 from
                                                                 a government-owned
                                                                 vehicle in Miami, FL,
                                                                 parked in a restaurant
                                                                 parking lot. It
                                                                 contained names,
                                                                 addresses, SSNs, and
                                                                 dates of birth for
                                                                 80,670 persons issued
                                                                 commercial drivers
                                                                 licenses in Miami-Dade
                                                                 County; 42,800 persons
                                                                 in FL with FAA pilot
                                                                 certificates; and
                                                                 9,000 persons with FL
                                                                 driver's licenses.
                                                                UPDATE (11/21/06): A
                                                                 suspect was arrested
                                                                 in the same parking
                                                                 lot where the theft
                                                                 occurred, but the
                                                                 laptop has not been
                                                                 recovered.
                                                                 Investigators found a
                                                                 theft ring operating
                                                                 in the vicinity of the
                                                                 restaurant parking lot.
Aug. 11, 2006........................  Madrona Medical Group    On Dec. 17, 2005, a      At least 6,000
                                        (Bellingham, WA).        former employee          patients.
                                                                 accessed and
                                                                 downloaded patient
                                                                 files onto his laptop
                                                                 computer. Files
                                                                 included name,
                                                                 address, SSN, and date
                                                                 of birth. The former
                                                                 employee has since
                                                                 been arrested.
Aug. 15, 2006........................  University of Kentucky.  The names and SSNs of    630
                                                                 630 students were
                                                                 posted on the
                                                                 University's financial
                                                                 aid web site between
                                                                 Friday and Monday,
                                                                 Aug. 11-14.
Aug. 15, 2006........................  University of Kentucky.  About 80 geography       80
                                                                 students were notified
                                                                 Aug. 14 that their
                                                                 SSNs were
                                                                 inadvertently listed
                                                                 on an e-mail
                                                                 communication they all
                                                                 received telling them
                                                                 who their academic
                                                                 advisor would be for
                                                                 the coming year.
Aug. 15, 2006........................  U.S. Dept. of            On April 24, a DOT       Unknown.
                                        Transportation           employee's laptop
                                        (Orlando, FL).           computer was stolen
                                                                 from an Orlando hotel
                                                                 conference room. It
                                                                 contained several
                                                                 unencrypted case files
                                                                 Investigators are
                                                                 determining if it
                                                                 contained sensitive
                                                                 personal information.
Aug. 16, 2006........................  Chevron (San Ramon, CA)  Chevron informed its     Total employees
                                                                 U.S. workers Aug. 14     affected is unclear.
                                                                 that a laptop was        Nearly half of its
                                                                 stolen from ``an         59,000 workers are
                                                                 employee of an           from North America.
                                                                 independent public
                                                                 accounting firm'' who
                                                                 was auditing its
                                                                 benefits plans. The
                                                                 theft apparently
                                                                 occurred Aug. 5. Files
                                                                 contained SSNs and
                                                                 sensitive information
                                                                 related to health and
                                                                 disability plans.
Aug. 17, 2006........................  Williams-Sonoma (San     On July 10, a laptop     1,200 current and
                                        Francisco, CA).          was stolen from the      former employees.
                                                                 Los Angeles home of a
                                                                 Deloitte & Touche
                                                                 employee who was
                                                                 conducting an audit
                                                                 for W-S. Computer
                                                                 contained employees'
                                                                 payroll information
                                                                 and SSNs.
Aug. 17, 2006........................  HCA, Inc. Hospital       10 computers containing  ``thousands of files''.
                                        Corp. of America         Medicare and Medicaid
                                        (Nashville, TN) (800)    billing information
                                        354-1036                 and records of
                                        hcahealthcare.com.       employees and
                                                                 physicians from 1996-
                                                                 2006 were stolen from
                                                                 one of the company's
                                                                 regional offices. Some
                                                                 patient names and SSNs
                                                                 were exposed, but
                                                                 details are vague.
                                                                 Records for patients
                                                                 in hospitals in the
                                                                 following states were
                                                                 affected: CO, KS, LA,
                                                                 MS, OK, OR, TS, WA.
Aug. 18, 2006........................  Calif. Dept. of Mental   Computer tape with       9,468 employees.
                                        Health (916) 654-2309.   employees' names,
                                                                 addresses, and SSNs
                                                                 has been reported
                                                                 missing. Employees
                                                                 were notified Aug. 17
                                                                 by e-mail.
Aug. 21, 2006........................  U.S. Dept. of Education  Two laptops were stolen  43
                                        via contractor, DTI      from DTI's office in
                                        Associates               downtown DC containing
                                        (Washington, DC).        personal information
                                                                 on 43 grant reviewers
                                                                 for the Teacher
                                                                 Incentive Fund. DTI
                                                                 could not rule out
                                                                 that the data included
                                                                 SSNs.
Aug. 22, 2006........................  AFLAC American Family    A laptop containing      612 policyholders.
                                        Life Assurance Co.       customers' personal
                                        (Greenville, SC) (888)   information was stolen
                                        794-2352.                from an agent's car.
                                                                 It contained names,
                                                                 addresses, SSNs, and
                                                                 birth dates of 612
                                                                 policyholders. They
                                                                 were notified Aug. 11.
Aug. 22, 2006........................  Beaverton School         Time slips revealing     1,600 employees.
                                        District (Beaverton,     personal information
                                        OR).                     were missing and
                                                                 presumed stolen
                                                                 following a July 24
                                                                 break-in at a storage
                                                                 shed on the
                                                                 administration
                                                                 office's property. The
                                                                 time slips included
                                                                 names and SSNs but not
                                                                 addresses.
Aug. 22, 2006........................  Beaumont Hospital        A vehicle of a home      28,400 home care
                                        (Troy, MI).              health care nurse was    patients.
                                                                 stolen from outside a
                                                                 senior center Aug. 5.
                                                                 Although it was
                                                                 recovered nearby, a
                                                                 laptop left in the
                                                                 rear of the car was
                                                                 not recovered. It
                                                                 contained names,
                                                                 addresses, SSNs, and
                                                                 insurance information
                                                                 of home health care
                                                                 patients.
                                                                UPDATE (8/23/06): The
                                                                 laptop was returned
                                                                 Aug. 23 by a woman who
                                                                 said she found it in
                                                                 her yard.
Aug. 23, 2006........................  U.S. Dept. of            A faulty Web site        21,000
                                        Education, Direct Loan   software upgrade
                                        Servicing Online         resulted in personal
                                        (Atlanta, GA)            information of 21,000
                                        www.dlssonline.com and   student loan holders
                                        dlservicer.ed.gov.       being exposed on the
                                                                 Department's loan Web
                                                                 site. Information
                                                                 included names,
                                                                 birthdates, SSNs,
                                                                 addresses, phone
                                                                 numbers, and in some
                                                                 cases, account
                                                                 information.
                                                                 Affiliated Computer
                                                                 Services Inc. is the
                                                                 contractor responsible
                                                                 for the breach. The
                                                                 breach did not include
                                                                 those whose loans are
                                                                 managed through
                                                                 private companies.
Aug. 25, 2006........................  Dominion Resources       Two laptops containing   Unknown.
                                        (Richmond, VA).          employee information
                                                                 were stolen earlier in
                                                                 August. It was not
                                                                 clear what type of
                                                                 data were included. No
                                                                 customer records were
                                                                 on the computers.
                                                                 Dominion operates a
                                                                 gas and electric
                                                                 energy distribution
                                                                 company.
Aug. 25, 2006........................  U.S. Dept. of            A laptop that ``might    193 (not added to
                                        Transportation,          contain'' personal       total).
                                        Federal Motor Carrier    information of people
                                        Safety Administration    with commercial
                                        (Baltimore, MD) (800)    driver's licenses was
                                        832-5660.                stolen Aug. 22. FMCSA
                                                                 said the data might
                                                                 include names, dates
                                                                 of birth, and
                                                                 commercial driver's
                                                                 license numbers of 193
                                                                 individuals from 40
                                                                 trucking companies.
Aug. 25, 2006........................  Sovereign Bank (New      Personal data may have   ``thousands of
                                        Bedford, MA).            been compromised when    customers''.
                                                                 3 managers' laptops
                                                                 were stolen from 2
                                                                 separate locations in
                                                                 early August.
                                                                 Customers were
                                                                 notified Aug. 21.
                                                                 Sovereign serves New
                                                                 England and the Mid-
                                                                 Atlantic. The bank
                                                                 said the data included
                                                                 unspecified customer
                                                                 information, but not
                                                                 account data.
Aug. 26, 2006........................  PortTix (Portland, ME).  Credit card information  2,000
                                                                 for about 2,000 people
                                                                 who ordered tickets
                                                                 online through PortTix
                                                                 was accessed by
                                                                 someone who hacked
                                                                 into the Web site.
                                                                 PortTix is Merrill
                                                                 Auditorium's ticketing
                                                                 agency. The Web site
                                                                 was secured as of Aug.
                                                                 24.
Aug. 26, 2006........................  University of South      A security audit this    6,000 current and
                                        Carolina (Columbia,      summer found that a      former students.
                                        SC).                     computer server was
                                                                 hacked in Sept. 2005.
                                                                 A database could have
                                                                 been accessed with
                                                                 names, SSNs, and
                                                                 birthdates of current
                                                                 and former students.
Aug. 27, 2006........................  New Mexico               For 8 days in late May,  1,500 employees.
                                        Administrative Office    an unsecured document
                                        of the Courts (Santa     was exposed on the
                                        Fe, NM).                 agency's FTP site on
                                                                 the state's computer
                                                                 server. It contained
                                                                 names, birth dates,
                                                                 SSNs, home addresses
                                                                 and other personal
                                                                 information of
                                                                 judicial branch
                                                                 employees. The FTP
                                                                 site was shut down
                                                                 June 2 and has since
                                                                 been redesigned.
Aug. 29, 2006........................  Valley Baptist Medical   A programming error on   Unknown.
                                        Center (Harlingen, TX)   the hospital's web
                                        (877) 840-5999.          site exposed names,
                                                                 birth dates, and SSNs
                                                                 of healthcare workers
                                                                 in late August. The
                                                                 error was fixed but it
                                                                 is not known how long
                                                                 the personal
                                                                 information was
                                                                 compromised. The
                                                                 affected individuals
                                                                 are workers from
                                                                 outside the hospital
                                                                 who provide services
                                                                 and bill the hospital
                                                                 via an online form.
Aug. 29, 2006........................  AT&T via vendor that     Computer hackers         ``Fewer than 19,000''
                                        operates an order        accessed credit card     customers.
                                        processing computer      account data and other
                                        (San Francisco, CA).     personal information
                                                                 of customers who
                                                                 purchased DSL
                                                                 equipment from AT&T's
                                                                 online store. The
                                                                 company is notifying
                                                                 ``fewer than 19,000''
                                                                 customers''.
                                                                UPDATE (9/1/06): The
                                                                 breach was followed by
                                                                 a bogus phishing e-
                                                                 mail to those
                                                                 customers that
                                                                 attempted to trick
                                                                 them into revealing
                                                                 more info such as SSN
                                                                 and birthdate--
                                                                 essential for crime of
                                                                 identity theft.
Aug. 29, 2006........................  Compass Health           Compass Health notified  ``A limited number of
                                        (Everett, WA) (800)      some of its clients      people''.
                                        508-0059.                that a laptop
                                                                 containing personal
                                                                 information, including
                                                                 SSNs, was stolen June
                                                                 28. The agency serves
                                                                 people who suffer from
                                                                 mental illness.
Aug. 31, 2006........................  Labcorp (Monroe, NJ)     During a break-in June   Unknown.
                                        (800) 788-9091 x3925.    4 or 5, a computer was
                                                                 stolen that contained
                                                                 names and SSNs, but
                                                                 according to the
                                                                 company did not have
                                                                 birth dates or lab
                                                                 test results.
Aug. 31, 2006........................  Diebold, Inc. (Canton,   An employee's laptop     Unknown.
                                        OH).                     was stolen containing
                                                                 employee information,
                                                                 including name, SSN,
                                                                 and if applicable,
                                                                 corporate credit card
                                                                 number.
Sept. 1, 2006........................  Wells Fargo via unnamed  In a letter dated Aug.   Unknown.
                                        auditor (San             28, the company
                                        Francisco, CA).          notified its employees
                                                                 that a laptop and data
                                                                 disk were stolen from
                                                                 the locked trunk of an
                                                                 unnamed auditor, hired
                                                                 to audit the
                                                                 employees' health
                                                                 plan. Data included
                                                                 names, SSNs, and
                                                                 information about drug
                                                                 claim cost and dates
                                                                 from 2005, but no
                                                                 prescription
                                                                 information said the
                                                                 company.
Sept. 1, 2006........................  Virginia Commonwealth    Personal information of  2,100 current and
                                        University (Richmond,    freshmen and graduate    former students.
                                        VA) www.ts.vcu.edu.      engineering students
                                                                 from 1998 through 2005
                                                                 was exposed on the
                                                                 Internet for 8 months
                                                                 (Jan.-Aug.) due to
                                                                 human error. It was
                                                                 discovered by a
                                                                 student who used a
                                                                 search engine to find
                                                                 her name. The data
                                                                 included SSNs and e-
                                                                 mail addresses.
Sept. 1, 2006........................  City of Chicago via      A laptop was stolen      ``Up to 38,443 city
                                        contractor Nationwide    from the home of         employees and
                                        Retirement Solutions,    contractor's employee    retirees''.
                                        Inc. (Chicago, IL)       last April 2005. It
                                        (800) 638-1485           was reported to the
                                        www.chicagofop.org.      city July 2006 more
                                                                 than a year later.
                                                                 Data included names,
                                                                 addresses, phone
                                                                 numbers, birthdates
                                                                 and SSNs for those in
                                                                 the city's deferred
                                                                 compensation plan.
Sept. 2, 2006........................  Lloyd's of London (Port  A thief reprogrammed     Unknown.
                                        St. Lucie, FL).          more than 150 Lloyd's
                                                                 of London credit card
                                                                 numbers onto phone
                                                                 cards and used them to
                                                                 withdraw money from an
                                                                 ATM in Port St. Lucie,
                                                                 FL (stealing more than
                                                                 $20,000 over 3 days).
                                                                 Key personal and
                                                                 financial information
                                                                 had been skimmed from
                                                                 the magnetic strip on
                                                                 the victims' cards.
Sept. 5, 2006........................  Transportation Security  In late August 2006,     1,195 former TSA
                                        Administration (TSA)     Accenture, a             employees.
                                        via Accenture            contractor for TSA
                                        (Washington, DC).        mailed documents
                                                                 containing former
                                                                 employees' SSNs, date
                                                                 of birth, and salary
                                                                 information to the
                                                                 wrong addresses due to
                                                                 an administrative
                                                                 error.
Sept. 7, 2006........................  Florida National Guard   A laptop computer was    100
                                        (Bradenton, FL).         stolen from a
                                                                 soldier's vehicle
                                                                 contained training and
                                                                 administrative
                                                                 records, including
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers of up to 100
                                                                 Florida National Guard
                                                                 soldiers.
Sept. 7, 2006........................  Circuit City and Chase   Chase Card Services      2.6 million past and
                                        Card Services, a         mistakenly discarded 5   current Circuit City
                                        division of JP Morgan    computer data tapes in   credit cardholders.
                                        Chase & Co.              July containing
                                        (Wilmington, DE).        Circuit City
                                                                 cardholders' personal
                                                                 information.
Sept. 8, 2006........................  Linden Lab (San          On Sept. 6, Linden Lab   Unknown.
                                        Francisco, CA)           discovered that a
                                        www.secondlife.com.      hacker accessed its
                                                                 Second Life database
                                                                 through web servers.
                                                                 The affected data
                                                                 included unencrypted
                                                                 account names, real
                                                                 life names, and
                                                                 contact information,
                                                                 plus encrypted account
                                                                 passwords and payment
                                                                 information. Second
                                                                 Life is a 3-D virtual
                                                                 world.
Sept. 8, 2006........................  University of Minnesota  On August 14-15 eve,     13,084 students
                                        (Minneapolis, MN).       two computers were       including SSNs of 603
                                                                 stolen from the desk     students.
                                                                 of an Institute of
                                                                 Technology employee,
                                                                 containing information
                                                                 on students who were
                                                                 freshmen from 1992-
                                                                 2006--including names,
                                                                 birthdates, addresses,
                                                                 phone numbers, high
                                                                 schools attended,
                                                                 student ID numbers,
                                                                 grades, test scores,
                                                                 and, academic
                                                                 probation. SSNs of 603
                                                                 students were also
                                                                 exposed.
Sept. 8, 2006........................  Berks Co. Sheriff's      A confidential list of   25,000 gun permit
                                        Office via contractor    some of the County's     holders exposed,
                                        Canon Technology         25,000 gun permit        although initially the
                                        Solutions (Reading,      holders was exposed on   number was unknown.
                                        PA).                     the Web by the
                                                                 contractor that is
                                                                 developing a Web-based
                                                                 computer records
                                                                 program for the
                                                                 Sheriff's Office.
                                                                 Personal information
                                                                 included names,
                                                                 addresses and SSNs.
                                                                UPDATE (10/6/06): The
                                                                 Berks County
                                                                 solicitor's office
                                                                 says the entire list
                                                                 of more than 25,000
                                                                 gun permit holders was
                                                                 exposed.
Sept. 9, 2006........................  Cleveland Clinic         A clinic employee stole  1,100 patients.
                                        (Naples, FL) (866) 907-  personal information
                                        0675.                    from electronic files
                                                                 and sold it to her
                                                                 cousin, owner of
                                                                 Advanced Medical
                                                                 Claims, who used it to
                                                                 file fraudulent
                                                                 Medicare claims
                                                                 totaling more than
                                                                 $2.8 million.
                                                                 Information included
                                                                 names, SSNs,
                                                                 birthdates, addresses
                                                                 and other details.
                                                                 Both individuals were
                                                                 indicted.
Sept. 11, 2006.......................  Telesource via Vekstar   Employees discovered     Unknown.
                                        (Indianapolis, IN).      their personnel files
                                                                 in a Dumpster after
                                                                 the company had been
                                                                 bought out by another
                                                                 company Vekstar. The
                                                                 files were discarded
                                                                 when the office was
                                                                 being cleaned out and
                                                                 shut down. Files
                                                                 contained SSNs, dates
                                                                 of birth and
                                                                 photocopies of SSN
                                                                 cards and driver's
                                                                 licenses.
Sept. 13, 2006.......................  American Family          The office of an         2,089 customers.
                                        Insurance (Madison,      insurance agent was
                                        WI).                     broken into and robbed
                                                                 last July. Among the
                                                                 items stolen was a
                                                                 laptop with customers'
                                                                 names, SSNs, and
                                                                 driver's license
                                                                 numbers.
Sept. 14, 2006.......................  Nikon Inc. and Nikon     Workers at a             3,235 magazine
                                        World Magazine           Montgomery, AL, camera   subscribers.
                                        (Melville, NY).          store discovered that
                                                                 subscription
                                                                 information for the
                                                                 magazine Nikon World
                                                                 was exposed on the Web
                                                                 for at least 9 hours.
                                                                 Data included
                                                                 subscribers' names,
                                                                 addresses and credit
                                                                 card numbers.
Sept. 14, 2006.......................  Illinois Dept. of        A document containing    Unknown.
                                        Corrections              employees' personal
                                        (Springfield, IL).       information was found
                                                                 outside the agency's
                                                                 premises ``where it
                                                                 should not have
                                                                 been.'' It has since
                                                                 been retrieved.
                                                                 Information included
                                                                 employees' names,
                                                                 SSNs, and salaries.
Sept. 15, 2006.......................  Mercy Medical Center     A memory stick           295 patients.
                                        (Merced, CA).            containing patient
                                                                 information was found
                                                                 July 18 by a local
                                                                 citizen on the ground
                                                                 at the County
                                                                 Fairgrounds near the
                                                                 hospital's information
                                                                 booth. It was returned
                                                                 to the hospital 4
                                                                 weeks later. Data
                                                                 included names, SSNs,
                                                                 birthdates, and
                                                                 medical records.
Sept. 15, 2006.......................  Whistle Junction         Personnel files of       Unknown.
                                        restaurant (Orlando,     employees of the now-
                                        FL).                     closed restaurant were
                                                                 found in a nearby
                                                                 Dumpster. Papers
                                                                 included names and
                                                                 SSNs of former
                                                                 employees.
Sept. 16, 2006.......................  Michigan Dept. of        Residents who            4,000 Michigan
                                        Community Health         participated in a        residents.
                                        (Detroit, MI).           scientific study were
                                                                 notified that a flash
                                                                 drive was discovered
                                                                 missing as of Aug. 4,
                                                                 and likely stolen,
                                                                 from an MDCH
                                                                 office.The portable
                                                                 memory device
                                                                 contained names,
                                                                 addresses, phone
                                                                 numbers, dates of
                                                                 birth, and SSNs of
                                                                 participants. The
                                                                 study tracked the long-
                                                                 term exposure to flame
                                                                 retardants ingested by
                                                                 residents in beef and
                                                                 milk.
Sept. 16, 2006.......................  Beaumont Hospital        The hospital mistakenly  3 patients.
                                        (Royal Oak, MI).         mailed medical reports
                                                                 on 3 patients to a
                                                                 retired dentist in
                                                                 Texas. Reports
                                                                 included name, test
                                                                 results, date of birth
                                                                 and patient ID
                                                                 numbers. The hospital
                                                                 admitted to both human
                                                                 and computer error. A
                                                                 new computer system
                                                                 mixed similar names,
                                                                 and staff did not
                                                                 catch it.
Sept. 17, 2006.......................  Direct Loans, part of    A security breach        21,000 accounts.
                                        William D. Ford          exposed private
                                        Federal Direct Loan      information of student
                                        Program within U.S.      loan borrowers from
                                        Dept. of Education and   Aug. 20-22 during a
                                        Federal Student Aid      computer software
                                        via its IT contractor    upgrade. Users of the
                                        ACS.                     Direct Loans Web site
                                                                 were able to view
                                                                 information other than
                                                                 their own if they used
                                                                 certain options. SSNs
                                                                 were among the data
                                                                 elements exposed
                                                                 online.
Sept. 18, 2006.......................  Howard, Rice,            A laptop was stolen      500 current and former
                                        Nemerovski, Canady,      from the trunk of the    employees.
                                        Falk & Rabkin law firm   car of the law firm's
                                        (San Francisco, CA)      auditor, containing
                                        via its auditor          confidential employee
                                        Morris, Davis & Chan     pension plan
                                        (Oakland, CA).           information--names,
                                                                 SSNs, remaining
                                                                 balances, 401(k) and
                                                                 profit-sharing
                                                                 information.
Sept. 18, 2006.......................  DePaul Medical Center,   Two computers were       ``More than 100
                                        Radiation Therapy        stolen, one on August    patients''.
                                        Dept. (Norfolk, VA)      28 and the other Sept.
                                        (757) 889-5945.          11. Personal data
                                                                 included names, date
                                                                 of birth, treatment
                                                                 information, and some
                                                                 SSNs.
Sept. 19, 2006.......................  Life Is Good (Hudson,    Hackers accessed the     9,250 customers' credit
                                        NH).                     retailer's database      card numbers.
                                                                 containing customer's
                                                                 credit card numbers.
                                                                 The company said no
                                                                 other personal
                                                                 information was in the
                                                                 database.
Sept. 20, 2006.......................  City of Savannah,        Because of a ``hole in   8,800 individuals whose
                                        Georgia (912) 651-6565   the firewall,'' a City   identities were
                                        savannahga.gov.          server exposed           captured by red-light
                                                                 personal information     cameras.
                                                                 online for 7 months.
                                                                 Individuals identified
                                                                 by the Red Light
                                                                 Camera Enforcement
                                                                 Program are affected--
                                                                 name, address,
                                                                 driver's license
                                                                 number, vehicle
                                                                 identification number,
                                                                 and SSNs of those
                                                                 individuals whose
                                                                 driver's license
                                                                 number is still the
                                                                 SSN.
Sept. 20, 2006.......................  Berry College via        Student applications     2,093 students and
                                        consultant Financial     for need-based           potential students (of
                                        Aid Services Inc.        financial aid were       those, 1,322 are
                                        (Mount Berry, GA)        misplaced by a           currently enrolled).
                                        (800) 961-4692           consultant--in both
                                        www.berry.edu.           paper and digital
                                                                 form. Data included
                                                                 name, SSN, and
                                                                 reported family income
                                                                 for students and
                                                                 potential students for
                                                                 the 2005-06 academic
                                                                 year.
Sept. 21, 2006.......................  Pima Co. Health Dept.    Vaccination records on   2,500 (not included in
                                        (Tucson, AZ).            2,500 clients had been   Total below).
                                                                 left in the trunk of a
                                                                 car that was stolen
                                                                 Sept. 12. The car and
                                                                 records have since
                                                                 been recovered.
                                                                 Records included
                                                                 names, dates of birth
                                                                 and ZIP codes, but no
                                                                 SSNs or addresses.
Sept. 21, 2006.......................  U.S. Dept. of Commerce   The agency reported      Unknown.
                                        and Census Bureau        that 1,137 laptops
                                        (Washington, DC).        have been lost or
                                                                 stolen since 2001. Of
                                                                 those, 672 were used
                                                                 by the Census Bureau,
                                                                 with 246 of those
                                                                 containing personal
                                                                 data. Secretary
                                                                 Gutierrez said the
                                                                 computers had
                                                                 ``protections to
                                                                 prevent a breach of
                                                                 personal information''.
Sept. 22, 2006.......................  Purdue University        A file in a desktop      2,482 students from the
                                        College of Science       computer in the          year 2000.
                                        (West Lafayette, IN)     Chemistry Department
                                        (866) 307-8520           may have been accessed
                                        www.purdue.edu.          illegitimately. The
                                                                 file contained names,
                                                                 SSNs, school, major,
                                                                 and e-mail addresses
                                                                 of people who were
                                                                 students in 2000.
Sept. 22, 2006.......................  University of Colorado-  Two computers had been   1,372 students and
                                        Boulder, Leeds School    placed in storage        former students.
                                        of Business (Boulder,    during the school's
                                        CO) (303) 492-8741.      move to temporary
                                                                 quarters in May. When
                                                                 they were to be
                                                                 retrieved Aug. 28,
                                                                 they were found
                                                                 missing. They had been
                                                                 used by 2 faculty
                                                                 members and included
                                                                 students' names, SSNs,
                                                                 and grades.
                                                                UPDATE (9/25/06): One
                                                                 of the computers was
                                                                 found.
Sept. 22, 2006.......................  Several Indianapolis     Earlier this year a      Unknown.
                                        pharmacies               local TV reporter from
                                        (Indianapolis, IN).      WTHR found that
                                                                 ``dozens'' of
                                                                 pharmacies disposed of
                                                                 customer records in
                                                                 unsecured garbage
                                                                 bins. Now the Indiana
                                                                 Board of Pharmacy has
                                                                 launched an
                                                                 investigation of 30
                                                                 pharmacies. Both the
                                                                 Board and the Attorney
                                                                 General say that the
                                                                 pharmacies violated
                                                                 state law.
Sept. 23, 2006.......................  An illegal dumping site  Investigators found      Unknown.
                                        northwest of Quinlan,    boxes of private
                                        TX.                      medical records
                                                                 containing names and
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 of patients of a
                                                                 doctor who lives in
                                                                 Dallas and who has a
                                                                 Greenville, TX,
                                                                 practice. They had
                                                                 apparently been dumped
                                                                 there by a contractor
                                                                 who was hired to
                                                                 remodel his house. The
                                                                 contractor was
                                                                 indicted on a charge
                                                                 of illegal dumping.
Sept. 23, 2006.......................  Erlanger Health System   Records of hospital      4,150 current and
                                        (Chattanooga, TN).       employees disappeared    former employees.
                                                                 from a locked office
                                                                 on Sept. 15. They were
                                                                 stored on a USB ``jump
                                                                 drive.'' Information
                                                                 was limited to names
                                                                 and SSNs. Those
                                                                 affected included
                                                                 anyone who went
                                                                 through job ``status
                                                                 changes'' from Nov.
                                                                 2003 to Sept. 2006.
Sept. 25, 2006.......................  Movie Gallery            A large number of Movie  Unknown.
                                        (Gastonia, NC).          Gallery's files and
                                                                 videos were found in a
                                                                 dumpster. The files
                                                                 contained personal
                                                                 information of people
                                                                 employed by Movie
                                                                 Gallery and people
                                                                 applying for jobs at
                                                                 the video store as
                                                                 well as people
                                                                 applying for movie
                                                                 rental membership.
                                                                 Movie Gallery has
                                                                 agreed to pay $50,000
                                                                 to the State of NC.
Sept. 25, 2006.......................  General Electric (US     An employee's laptop     50,000 employees.
                                        Corporate HQ:            computer holding the
                                        Fairfield, CT).          names and Social
                                                                 Security numbers of
                                                                 approximately 50,000
                                                                 current and former GE
                                                                 employees was stolen
                                                                 from a locked hotel
                                                                 room while he was
                                                                 traveling for business.
Sept. 28, 2006.......................  North Carolina Dept. of  A computer was stolen    16,000
                                        Motor Vehicles           from a NC Dept. of
                                        (Louisville, NC) (888)   Motor Vehicles office,
                                        495-5568.                reported Sept. 10. It
                                                                 contains names,
                                                                 addresses, driver's
                                                                 license numbers, SSNs,
                                                                 and in some cases
                                                                 immigration visa
                                                                 information of 16,000
                                                                 people who have been
                                                                 issued licenses in the
                                                                 past 18 months. Most
                                                                 are residents of
                                                                 Franklin County.
Sept. 28, 2006.......................  Illinois Dept. of        Documents found by       40
                                        Transportation           state auditors in
                                        (Springfield, IL).       recycling bins in a
                                                                 hallway contained IDOT
                                                                 employee names and
                                                                 SSNs.
Sept. 28, 2006.......................  Stevens Hospital         A manager for the        ``about 30 patients''.
                                        Emergency Room via       hospital's billing
                                        dishonest employee of    company, Med Data,
                                        billing company Med      stole patients' credit
                                        Data (Edmonds, WA).      card numbers. She gave
                                                                 them to her brother
                                                                 who bought $30,000
                                                                 worth of clothes and
                                                                 gift cards over the
                                                                 Internet. The woman is
                                                                 scheduled for
                                                                 sentencing in Nov. and
                                                                 her brother's trial is
                                                                 expected Jan. 2007.
Sept. 29, 2006.......................  University of Iowa Dept  A computer containing    14,500 individuals who
                                        of Psychology (Iowa      SSNs of 14,500           had participated in a
                                        City, IA).               psychology department    research study.
                                                                 research study
                                                                 subjects was the
                                                                 object of an automated
                                                                 attack designed to
                                                                 store pirated video
                                                                 files for subsequent
                                                                 distribution.
Sept. 29, 2006.......................  Kentucky Personnel       State employees          146,000
                                        Cabinet (Frankfort,      received letters from
                                        KY).                     the Kentucky Personnel
                                                                 Cabinet with their
                                                                 SSNs visible through
                                                                 the envelope windows.
Sept. ??, 2006.......................  Adams State College      A laptop computer        184 Upward Bound
                                        (Alamosa, CO).           stolen from a locked     students.
                                                                 closet at Adams State
                                                                 College contained
                                                                 personally
                                                                 identifiable data
                                                                 belonging to 184 high
                                                                 school students who
                                                                 participated in the
                                                                 college's Upward Bound
                                                                 program over the last
                                                                 four years. The theft
                                                                 occurred on August 14,
                                                                 but it was not until
                                                                 late September that
                                                                 staff realized the
                                                                 computer held
                                                                 students' data.
Oct. 2, 2006.........................  Port of Seattle          Six CDs missing from     6,939 current and
                                        (Seattle, WA) (888)      the ID Badging office    former Seattle-Tacoma
                                        902-PORT.                at Seattle-Tacoma        International Airport
                                                                 International Airport    employees.
                                                                 hold the personal
                                                                 information of 6,939
                                                                 airport workers. The
                                                                 data include names,
                                                                 addresses, birth
                                                                 dates, SSNs and
                                                                 driver's license
                                                                 numbers, telephone
                                                                 numbers, employer
                                                                 information, and
                                                                 height/weight. The
                                                                 data on the disks were
                                                                 scanned from paper
                                                                 applications for
                                                                 airport badges. The
                                                                 port learned of the
                                                                 missing disks on
                                                                 September 18 and sent
                                                                 letters to the
                                                                 affected employees on
                                                                 Oct. 2.
Oct. 3, 2006.........................  Cumberland County, PA..  Cumberland County (PA)   1,200 employees of the
                                                                 officials removed        county.
                                                                 salary board meeting
                                                                 minutes from their Web
                                                                 site because they
                                                                 contained the SSNs of
                                                                 1,200 county
                                                                 employees. The
                                                                 information was
                                                                 included in minutes
                                                                 from meetings prior to
                                                                 2000. The county no
                                                                 longer uses SSNs as
                                                                 unique identifiers for
                                                                 employees. Employees
                                                                 will be informed of
                                                                 the data breach in a
                                                                 note included with
                                                                 their paychecks.
Oct. 3, 2006.........................  Willamette Educational   Seven computers stolen   4,500 Oregon high
                                        Service District         from a Willamette        school students [not
                                        (Salem, OR).             Educational service      included in total
                                                                 District office were     because not thought to
                                                                 believed to contain      contain sensitive
                                                                 personal information     info. such as SSNs].
                                                                 of 4,500 Oregon high
                                                                 school students.
                                                                 Backup tapes indicate
                                                                 the computers hold
                                                                 information about the
                                                                 students' school clubs
                                                                 but do not contain
                                                                 sensitive information.
Oct. 3, 2006.........................  Picatinny Arsenal        28 computers are         Unknown.
                                        (Rockaway Twp., NJ)      missing from the
                                        (If you have tips,       Picatinny Arsenal, a
                                        call (973) 989-0652).    Department of Defense
                                                                 Weapons Research
                                                                 Center. The computers
                                                                 were reported lost or
                                                                 stolen over the last
                                                                 two years. None of the
                                                                 computers was
                                                                 encrypted. Officials
                                                                 state the computers
                                                                 did not contain
                                                                 classified information.
Oct. 4, 2006.........................  Orange County            A Florida woman          Unknown.
                                        Controller (FL).         discovered her
                                                                 marriage license was
                                                                 visible on the Orange
                                                                 County (FL)
                                                                 controller's Web site
                                                                 with no information
                                                                 blacked out, not even
                                                                 SSNs. She discovered
                                                                 the breach because
                                                                 someone had applied
                                                                 for a loan in her
                                                                 name. The Orange
                                                                 County Comptroller is
                                                                 reportedly paying a
                                                                 vendor $500,000 to
                                                                 black out all SSNs by
                                                                 January 2008.
Oct. 5, 2006.........................  San Juan Capistrano      Five computers stolen    Unknown.
                                        Unified School           from the HQ of San
                                        District (CA).           Juan Capistrano
                                                                 Unified School
                                                                 District likely
                                                                 contain the names,
                                                                 SSNs and dates of
                                                                 birth of district
                                                                 employees enrolled in
                                                                 an insurance program.
Oct. 6, 2006.........................  Cleveland Air Route      A computer hard drive    At least 400.
                                        Traffic Control Center   missing from the
                                        (Oberlin, OH).           Cleveland Air Route
                                                                 Traffic Control Center
                                                                 in Oberlin (OH)
                                                                 contains the names and
                                                                 SSNs of at least 400
                                                                 air traffic
                                                                 controllers.
Oct. 6, 2006.........................  Camp Pendleton Marine    A laptop missing from    2,400
                                        Corps base via Lincoln   Lincoln B.P.
                                        B.P. Management (Camp    Management Inc. holds
                                        Pendleton near           personally
                                        Oceanside, CA).          identifiable data
                                                                 about 2,400 Camp
                                                                 Pendleton residents.
Oct. 9, 2006 (Letter mailed Oct. 5,    Troy Athens High School  A hard drive stolen      4,400
 2006).                                 (Troy, MI) (For          from Troy Athens High
                                        questions or comments,   School in August
                                        call (248) 823-4035).    contained transcripts,
                                                                 test scores, addresses
                                                                 and SSNs of students
                                                                 from the graduating
                                                                 classes of 1994 to
                                                                 2004. The school
                                                                 district and the
                                                                 superintendent have
                                                                 notified all affected
                                                                 alumni by regular mail.
Oct. 10, 2006........................  Florida Labor            The names and SSNs of    4,624 individuals who
                                        Department.              4,624 Floridians were    had registered with
                                                                 accessible on the        Florida's Agency for
                                                                 Internet for             Workforce Innovation.
                                                                 approximately 18 days
                                                                 in September. The data
                                                                 were not accessible
                                                                 through Web sites, but
                                                                 an individual came
                                                                 across the information
                                                                 when Googling his own
                                                                 name. The agency has
                                                                 asked Google to remove
                                                                 the pages from its
                                                                 cache, and has
                                                                 notified all affected
                                                                 individuals by mail.
Oct. 11, 2006........................  Republican National      The Republican National  76 RNC donors.
                                        Committee (Washington,   Committee (RNC)
                                        D.C.).                   inadvertently emailed
                                                                 a list of donors'
                                                                 names, SSNs and races
                                                                 to a New York Sun
                                                                 reporter.
Oct. 12, 2006........................  U.S. Census Bureau.....  This spring, residents   Unknown number of
                                                                 of Travis County, TX     Travis Co., TX,
                                                                 helped the Census        residents.
                                                                 Bureau test new
                                                                 equipment. When the
                                                                 test period ended, 15
                                                                 devices were
                                                                 unaccounted for. The
                                                                 Census Bureau and the
                                                                 Commerce Department
                                                                 issued a press release
                                                                 saying the devices
                                                                 held names, addresses
                                                                 and birthdates, but
                                                                 not income or SSNs.
Oct. 12, 2006........................  Congressional Budget     Hackers broke into the   Unknown number of e-
                                        Office (Washington,      Congressional Budget     mail addresses.
                                        D.C.).                   Office's mailing list
                                                                 and sent a phishing e-
                                                                 mail that appeared to
                                                                 come from the CBO.
Oct. 12, 2006........................  University of Texas at   Two computers stolen     2,500 students.
                                        Arlington.               from a University of
                                                                 Texas faculty member's
                                                                 home hold the names,
                                                                 SSNs, grades, e-mail
                                                                 addresses and other
                                                                 information belonging
                                                                 to approximately 2,500
                                                                 students enrolled in
                                                                 computer science and
                                                                 engineering classes
                                                                 between fall 2000 and
                                                                 fall 2006. The theft
                                                                 occurred on September
                                                                 29 and was reported on
                                                                 October 2.
Oct. 13, 2006........................  Ohio Ethics Committee    Papers belonging to the  Unknown number of Ohio
                                        (Columbus, OH).          Ohio Ethics Commission   state employees.
                                                                 were found floating on
                                                                 the wind in an alley.
                                                                 The documents are
                                                                 related to state
                                                                 employees' finances
                                                                 and contained SSNs and
                                                                 financial statements.
                                                                 They were supposed to
                                                                 be in the possession
                                                                 of the state archives.
Oct. 13, 2006........................  Orchard Family Practice  When a bankrupt          Unknown.
                                        (Englewood, CO).         Colorado doctor was
                                                                 evicted from his
                                                                 office, the landlord
                                                                 with help from the
                                                                 sheriff's dept. dumped
                                                                 everything from his
                                                                 office in the parking
                                                                 lot, including file
                                                                 cabinets containing
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 of his patients.
                                                                 Scavengers were seen
                                                                 carting off desks and
                                                                 file cabinets, some
                                                                 containing records.
                                                                 The exposed documents
                                                                 were thought to
                                                                 consist of business
                                                                 records containing
                                                                 names, SSNs, dates of
                                                                 birth, and addresses,
                                                                 but not medical
                                                                 information, which the
                                                                 doctor had previously
                                                                 removed.
Oct. 14, 2006........................  T-Mobile USA Inc.        A laptop computer        43,000 current and
                                        (Bellvue, WA).           holding personally       former employees.
                                                                 identifiable
                                                                 information of
                                                                 approximately 43,000
                                                                 current and former T-
                                                                 Mobile employees
                                                                 disappeared from a T-
                                                                 Mobile employee's
                                                                 checked luggage. T-
                                                                 Mobile has reportedly
                                                                 sent letters to all
                                                                 those affected. The
                                                                 data are believed to
                                                                 include names,
                                                                 addresses, SSNs, dates
                                                                 of birth and
                                                                 compensation
                                                                 information.
Oct. 15, 2006........................  Poulsbo Department of    An unspecified           2,200
                                        Licensing (Poulsbo,      ``storage device''
                                        WA).                     containing personally
                                                                 identifiable data of
                                                                 approximately 2,200
                                                                 North Kitsap (WA)
                                                                 residents has been
                                                                 lost from the Poulsbo
                                                                 Department of
                                                                 Licensing. The data
                                                                 include names,
                                                                 addresses, photographs
                                                                 and driver's license
                                                                 numbers of individuals
                                                                 who conducted
                                                                 transactions at the
                                                                 Poulsbo branch in late
                                                                 September.
Oct. 16, 2006........................  Germanton Elementary     A computer stolen from   Unknown.
                                        School (Germanton, NC).  Germanton Elementary
                                                                 school holds students'
                                                                 SSNs. The data on the
                                                                 computer are encrypted.
Oct. 16, 2006........................  VISA/FirstBank.........  FirstBank sent a letter  Unknown.
                                                                 to an unknown number
                                                                 of customers informing
                                                                 them their FirstTeller
                                                                 Visa Check Card
                                                                 numbers were
                                                                 compromised when
                                                                 someone accessed ``a
                                                                 merchant card
                                                                 processor's
                                                                 transaction
                                                                 database.'' The
                                                                 FirstBank letter said
                                                                 customers would
                                                                 receive new cards by
                                                                 October 27.
Oct. 16, 2006........................  Dr. Charles Kay of       Sheriff's deputies       Unknown.
                                        Orchard Family           evicting Dr. Charles
                                        Practice (Englewood,     Kay put files from his
                                        CO).                     office in a nearby
                                                                 parking lot. In a news
                                                                 report, Dr. Kay said
                                                                 he had removed the
                                                                 patient files but not
                                                                 the business files.
Oct. 17, 2006........................  City of Visalia,         Personally identifiable  200 current and former
                                        Recreation Division      information of           employees.
                                        (Visalia, CA).           approximately 200
                                                                 current and former
                                                                 Visalia Recreation
                                                                 Department employees
                                                                 was exposed when
                                                                 copies of city
                                                                 documents were found
                                                                 scattered on a city
                                                                 street.
Oct. 19, 2006........................  Allina Hospitals and     A laptop stolen from a   Individuals in 17,000
                                        Clinics (Minneapolis-    nurse's car on October   households.
                                        St. Paul, MN).           8 contains the names
                                                                 and SSNs of
                                                                 individuals in
                                                                 approximately 17,000
                                                                 households
                                                                 participating in the
                                                                 Allina Hospitals and
                                                                 Clinics obstetric home-
                                                                 care program since
                                                                 June 2005.
Oct. 19, 2006........................  University of Minnesota/ In June, a University    200 students (not
                                        Spain.                   of Minnesota art         included in total).
                                                                 department laptop
                                                                 computer stolen from a
                                                                 faculty member while
                                                                 traveling in Spain
                                                                 holds personally
                                                                 identifiable
                                                                 information of 200
                                                                 students.
Oct. 20, 2006........................  Manhattan Veteran's      On Sept. 6, an           1,600 veterans who
                                        Affairs Medical          unencrypted laptop       receive pulmonary care
                                        Center, New York         computer containing      at the facility.
                                        Harbor Health Care       veterans' names,
                                        System (New York, NY).   Social Security
                                                                 numbers, and medical
                                                                 diagnosis, was stolen
                                                                 from the hopsital.
Oct. 21, 2006........................  Bowling Green Police     The police dept.         Approx. 200 victims or
                                        Dept. (Bowling Green,    accidentally published   suspects.
                                        OH).                     a report on their
                                                                 website containing
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 on nearly 200 people
                                                                 the police had contact
                                                                 with on Oct. 21. Data
                                                                 included names, Social
                                                                 Security numbers,
                                                                 driver's license
                                                                 numbers, etc.
Oct. 23, 2006........................  Sisters of St. Francis   On July 28, 2006, a      260,000 patients and
                                        Health Services via      contractor working for   about 6,200 employees,
                                        Advanced Receivables     Advanced Receivables     board members and
                                        Strategy (ARS), a        Strategy, a medical      physicians for a total
                                        Perot Systems Company    billing records          of 266,200.
                                        (Indianapolis, IN)       company, misplaced CDs
                                        (866) 714-7606.          containing the names
                                                                 and SSNs of 266,200
                                                                 patients, employees,
                                                                 physicians, and boad
                                                                 members of St. Francis
                                                                 hospitals in Indiana
                                                                 and Illinois. Also
                                                                 affected were records
                                                                 of Greater Lafayette
                                                                 Health Services. The
                                                                 disks were
                                                                 inadvertently left in
                                                                 a laptop case that was
                                                                 returned to a store.
                                                                 The purchaser returned
                                                                 the disks. The records
                                                                 were not encrypted
                                                                 even though St.
                                                                 Francis and ARS
                                                                 policies require
                                                                 encryption.
Oct. 23, 2006........................  Chicago Voter Database   An official from the     1.35 million Chicago
                                        (Chicago, IL).           not-for-profit           residents.
                                                                 Illinois Ballot
                                                                 Integrity Project says
                                                                 his organization
                                                                 hacked into Chicago's
                                                                 voter database,
                                                                 compromising the
                                                                 names, SSNs and dates
                                                                 of birth of 1.35
                                                                 million residents. The
                                                                 Chicago Election Board
                                                                 is reportedly looking
                                                                 into removing SSNs
                                                                 from the database.
                                                                 Election officials
                                                                 have patched the flaw
                                                                 that allowed the
                                                                 intrusion.
Oct. 24, 2006........................  Jacobs Neurological      The laptop of a          Unknown.
                                        Institute (Buffalo,      research doctor was
                                        NY).                     stolen from her locked
                                                                 office at the
                                                                 Institute. It included
                                                                 records of patients
                                                                 and her research data.
Oct. 25, 2006........................  Transportation Security  A thumb drive is         900 current and former
                                        Administration (TSA)     missing from the TSA     Oregon TSA employees.
                                        (Portland, OR).          command center at
                                                                 Portland International
                                                                 Airport and believed
                                                                 to contain the names,
                                                                 addresses, phone
                                                                 numbers and Social
                                                                 Security numbers of
                                                                 approximately 900
                                                                 current and former
                                                                 employees.
Oct. 25, 2006........................  Swedish Medical Center,  An employee stole the    Up to 1,100 patients.
                                        Ballard Campus           names, birthdates, and
                                        (Seattle, WA) (800)      Social Security
                                        840-6452.                numbers from patients
                                                                 who were hospitalized
                                                                 or had day-surgeries
                                                                 from June 22 to Sept
                                                                 21. She used 3
                                                                 patients' information
                                                                 to open multiple
                                                                 credit accounts.
Oct. 25, 2006........................  Tuscarawas County and    The Social Security      Unknown.
                                        Warren County (OH).      numbers of some
                                                                 Tuscarawas and Warren
                                                                 County voters were
                                                                 available on the
                                                                 LexisNexis Internet
                                                                 database service.
                                                                UPDATE (11/1/06):
                                                                 LexisNexis says it has
                                                                 now removed the SSNs.
Oct. 26, 2006........................  Akron Children's         Overseas hackers broke   235,903
                                        Hospital (Akron, OH).    into two computers at
                                                                 Children's Hospital.
                                                                 One contains private
                                                                 patient data
                                                                 (including Social
                                                                 Security numbers) and
                                                                 the other holds
                                                                 billing and banking
                                                                 information.
Oct. 26, 2006........................  Empire Equity Group      Mortgage files that      Unknown.
                                        (Charlotte, NC).         included personal
                                                                 financial details
                                                                 about loan applicants
                                                                 were found in a
                                                                 dumpster. Empire
                                                                 Equity will pay
                                                                 $12,500 to the State
                                                                 of NC.
Oct. 26, 2006........................  LimeWire (Denver, CO)..  The Denver Police Dept.  75
                                                                 reports that
                                                                 LimeWire's file-
                                                                 sharing program was
                                                                 exploited to access
                                                                 personal and financial
                                                                 information from
                                                                 approximately 75
                                                                 different individual
                                                                 and business account
                                                                 names from all over
                                                                 the country. The
                                                                 information, which
                                                                 included tax records,
                                                                 bank account
                                                                 information, online
                                                                 bill paying records
                                                                 and other material,
                                                                 appears to have been
                                                                 stolen directly from
                                                                 computers that were
                                                                 using LimeWire's
                                                                 filesharing software
                                                                 program.
Oct. 26, 2006........................  Hilb, Rogal & Hobbs      In September 2006, a     1,243 Villanova
                                        (Plymouth Meeting, PA).  laptop computer was      University students
                                                                 stolen from the          and staff.
                                                                 insurance brokerage
                                                                 firm. It contained
                                                                 client information
                                                                 including the names,
                                                                 birthdates, and
                                                                 drivers license
                                                                 numbers of Villanova
                                                                 University students
                                                                 and staff who drive
                                                                 university vehicles.
Oct. 27, 2006........................  Gymboree (San            A thief stole 3 laptop   up to 20,000 employees.
                                        Francisco, CA).          computers from
                                                                 Gymboree's corporate
                                                                 headquarters. They
                                                                 contained unencrypted
                                                                 human resources data
                                                                 (names and Social
                                                                 Security numbers) of
                                                                 thousands of workers.
Oct. 27, 2006........................  Hancock Askew & Co.      On October 5, 2006, a    Unknown.
                                        (Savannah, GA).          laptop computer
                                                                 containing 401(k)
                                                                 information for
                                                                 employees of at least
                                                                 one company (Atlantic
                                                                 Plastics, Inc.) was
                                                                 stolen from accounting
                                                                 firm Hancock Askew.
Oct. 27, 2006........................  Hertz Global Holdings,   The names and Social     Unknown.
                                        Inc. (Oklahoma City,     Security numbers of
                                        OK) 1-888-222-8086.      Hertz employees dating
                                                                 back to 2002 were
                                                                 discovered on the home
                                                                 computer of a former
                                                                 employee.
Oct. 30, 2006........................  Georgia county clerk of  A Georgia TV station     Unknown.
                                        courts' web sites.       reported that SSNs
                                                                 could be found on some
                                                                 records posted on
                                                                 county clerk of court
                                                                 web sites,
                                                                 specifically for
                                                                 individuals with
                                                                 federal tax liens
                                                                 filed against them. At
                                                                 least one county
                                                                 clerk--Cherokee
                                                                 County--is now
                                                                 removing SSNs from the
                                                                 web site.
Oct. 30, 2006........................  Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.   The Japanese weekly      5,379,909 customers
                                        (Tokyo, Japan).          magazine ``The Weekly    (not included in total
                                                                 Asahi'' reported that    because data
                                                                 Nissan experienced the   apparently does not
                                                                 leak of a database       contain financial
                                                                 containing customers'    account information or
                                                                 personal information     SSNs).
                                                                 sometime between May
                                                                 2003 and February
                                                                 2004. The data
                                                                 includes the customer
                                                                 name, gender, birth
                                                                 date, address,
                                                                 telephone number,
                                                                 vehicle model owned
                                                                 (including base and
                                                                 class), and license
                                                                 plate number.
Oct. 31, 2006........................  Avaya (theft occurred    A laptop stolen from an  Unknown.
                                        in Maitland, FL,         Avaya employee on
                                        office of company,       October 16 in Florida
                                        headquartered in         contained personally
                                        Basking Ridge, NJ).      identifiable
                                                                 information, including
                                                                 names, addresses, W-2
                                                                 tax form information
                                                                 and SSNs.
Nov. 2006............................  Home Finance Mortgage,   Company dumped files     Unknown.
                                        Inc. (Cornelius, NC).    containing names,
                                                                 addresses, Social
                                                                 Security numbers,
                                                                 credit card numbers,
                                                                 and bank account
                                                                 numbers of people who
                                                                 had applied for
                                                                 mortgage loans. Home
                                                                 Finance and its owners
                                                                 have agreed to pay the
                                                                 State of NC $3,000 for
                                                                 their violations.
Nov. 1, 2006.........................  U.S. Army Cadet Command  A laptop computer was    4,600 high school
                                        (Fort Monroe, VA) 1-     stolen that contained    seniors.
                                        866-423-4474 Email:      the names, addresses,
                                        mydata@ usaac.army.mil.  telephone numbers,
                                                                 birthdates, Social
                                                                 Security numbers,
                                                                 parent names, and
                                                                 mother's maiden names
                                                                 of applicants for the
                                                                 Army's four-year ROTC
                                                                 college scholarship.
Nov. 2, 2006.........................  Colorado Dept. of Human  On Oct. 14, a desktop    Up to 1.4 million.
                                        Services via             computer was stolen
                                        Affiliated Computer      from a state
                                        Services (ACS)           contractor who
                                        (Dallas, TX). For        processes Colorado
                                        questions, call ACS at   child support payments
                                        (800) 350-0399.          for the Dept. of Human
                                                                 Services. Computer
                                                                 also contained the
                                                                 state's Directory of
                                                                 New Hires.
                                                                UPDATE (12/07/2006):
                                                                 When initially posted
                                                                 to this list, the
                                                                 number 1.4 million was
                                                                 not added to the total
                                                                 because we could not
                                                                 confirm if SSNs were
                                                                 exposed. The PRC was
                                                                 contacted by an
                                                                 affected individual
                                                                 today who confirmed
                                                                 that names, addresses,
                                                                 SSNs and dates of
                                                                 birth were exposed.
Nov. 2, 2006.........................  Greater Media, Inc.      A laptop computer        Unknown.
                                        (Philadelphia, PA).      containing the Social
                                                                 Security numbers of
                                                                 the radio broadcasting
                                                                 company's current and
                                                                 former employees was
                                                                 stolen from their
                                                                 Philadelphia offices.
Nov. 2, 2006.........................  McAlester Clinic and     Three disks containing   1,400 veterans.
                                        Veteran's Affairs        billing information,
                                        Medical Center           patient names and
                                        (Muskogee, OK).          Social Security
                                                                 numbers, were lost in
                                                                 the mail.
Nov. 2, 2006.........................  Intermountain Health     A computer was           6,244
                                        Care (Salt Lake City,    purchased at a second-
                                        UT).                     hand store, Deseret
                                                                 Industries, that
                                                                 contained the names,
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers, employment
                                                                 records, and other
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 about Intermountain
                                                                 Health Care employees
                                                                 employed there in 1999-
                                                                 2000.
Nov. 2, 2006.........................  Compulinx (White         The CEO of Compulinx     Up to 50 Compulinx
                                        Plains, NY).             was arrested for         employees.
                                                                 fraudulently using
                                                                 employees' names,
                                                                 addresses, Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 other personal
                                                                 information for credit
                                                                 purposes. (It is
                                                                 unclear whether
                                                                 customers' data was
                                                                 also used).
Nov. 3, 2006.........................  University of Virginia   Due to a computer        632 students.
                                        (Charlottesville, VA).   programming error,
                                                                 Student Financial
                                                                 Services sent e-mail
                                                                 messages to students
                                                                 containing 632 other
                                                                 students' Social
                                                                 Security numbers.
Nov. 3, 2006.........................  West Shore Bank          Customers' debit cards   About 1,000.
                                        (Ludington, MI).         and possibly credit
                                                                 cards were compromised
                                                                 from a security break
                                                                 last summer at a
                                                                 common MasterCard
                                                                 point-of-purchase
                                                                 provider.
Nov. 3, 2006.........................  Wesco (Muskegon, MI)...  Wesco gas stations       Unknown.
                                                                 experienced a breach
                                                                 in credit card
                                                                 transactions from July
                                                                 25-Sept. 7 resulting
                                                                 in inaccurate charges
                                                                 to customer accounts.
Nov. 3, 2006.........................  Starbucks Corp.          Starbucks lost track of  60,000 current and
                                        (Seattle, WA) 1-800-     four laptop computers.   former U.S. employees
                                        453-1048.                Two held employee        and about 80 Canadian
                                                                 names, addresses, and    workers and
                                                                 Social Security          contractors.
                                                                 numbers.
Nov. 3, 2006.........................  Several Joliet area      Motel owners and         Unknown.
                                        motels (Joliet, IL).     employees allegedly
                                                                 stole and sold
                                                                 customers' credit card
                                                                 numbers.
Nov 7, 2006..........................  City of Lubbock          Hackers broke into the   5,800
                                        (Lubbock, TX).           city's web site and
                                                                 compromised the online
                                                                 job application
                                                                 database, which
                                                                 included Social
                                                                 Security numbers.
Nov. 9, 2006.........................  Four ARCO gas stations   From Sept. 29 to Oct.    At least 440.
                                        (Costa Mesa, CA)         9, thieves used card
                                        (Westminster, CA)        skimmers to steal bank
                                        (Torrance, CA).          account numbers and
                                                                 PIN codes from gas
                                                                 station customers and
                                                                 used the information
                                                                 to fabricate debit
                                                                 cards and make ATM
                                                                 withdrawals.
Nov. 10, 2006........................  KSL Services, Inc. (Los  A disk containing the    Approximately 1,000.
                                        Alamos, NM).             personal information
                                                                 of approximately 1,000
                                                                 KSL employees is
                                                                 missing. KSL is a
                                                                 contractor for Los
                                                                 Alamos National
                                                                 Laboratory.
Nov. 13, 2006........................  Connors State College    On Oct. 15, a laptop     Considerably more than
                                        (Warner, OK) (918) 463-  computer was             22,500.
                                        6267                     discovered stolen from
                                        [email protected]   the college. (It has
                                        du.                      since been recovered
                                                                 by law enforcement).
                                                                 The computer contains
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers and other data
                                                                 for Connors students
                                                                 plus 22,500 high
                                                                 school graduates who
                                                                 qualify for the
                                                                 Oklahoma Higher
                                                                 Learning Access
                                                                 Program scholarships.
Nov. 15, 2006........................  Internal Revenue         According to             2,359
                                        Service (Washington,     document(s) obtained
                                        DC).                     under the Freedom of
                                                                 Information Act, 478
                                                                 laptops were either
                                                                 lost or stolen from
                                                                 the IRS between 2002
                                                                 and 2006. 112 of the
                                                                 computers held
                                                                 sensitive taxpayer
                                                                 information such as
                                                                 SSNs.
                                                                UPDATE (04/05/07): A
                                                                 report by the Treasury
                                                                 Inspector General for
                                                                 Tax Administration
                                                                 noted that at least
                                                                 490 IRS computers have
                                                                 been stolen or lost
                                                                 since 2003 in 387
                                                                 security breach
                                                                 incidents that
                                                                 potentially
                                                                 jeopardized tax
                                                                 payers' personal
                                                                 information.
                                                                UPDATE (04/17/07): The
                                                                 Inspector General's
                                                                 assessment of 20
                                                                 buildings in 10 cities
                                                                 discovered four
                                                                 separate locations at
                                                                 which hackers could
                                                                 have easily gained
                                                                 access to IRS
                                                                 computers and taxpayer
                                                                 data using wireless
                                                                 technology.
Nov. 16, 2006........................  American Cancer Society  An unspecified number    Unknown.
                                        (Louisville, KY,         of laptop computers
                                        offices, HQ in           were stolen from the
                                        Atlanta, GA) If you      Louisville offices of
                                        have tips, call (502)    the American Cancer
                                        574-5673.                Society. It is not
                                                                 clear what personal
                                                                 information was
                                                                 exposed, if any.
Nov. 16, 2006........................  Carson City residents    The Sheriff's            50
                                        (Carson City, NV).       Department reported
                                                                 that at least 50
                                                                 residents had their
                                                                 credit card
                                                                 information stolen by
                                                                 employees of local
                                                                 businesses. The
                                                                 employees apparently
                                                                 sell the account
                                                                 information to
                                                                 international crime
                                                                 rings that produce
                                                                 counterfeit cards. The
                                                                 crime is called
                                                                 ``skimming.''.
Nov. 17, 2006........................  Jefferson College of     An email containing the  143
                                        Health Sciences          names and SSNs of 143
                                        (Roanoke, VA).           students intended for
                                                                 one employee was
                                                                 inadvertently sent to
                                                                 the entire student
                                                                 body of 900.
Nov. 17, 2006........................  Automatic Data           ADP sent paperwork for   Unknown.
                                        Processing (ADP)         a small Wisconsin
                                        (Roseland, NJ).          company to a Cordova,
                                                                 TN coffee house. The
                                                                 paperwork contained
                                                                 names, birth dates,
                                                                 SSNs, addresses,
                                                                 salaries, and bank
                                                                 account and routing
                                                                 numbers.
Nov. 20, 2006........................  Administration for       More than 200 case       200 case files (not
                                        Children's Services      files from the           included in Total
                                        (New York, NY).          Emergency Children's     because it is not
                                                                 Services Unit of ACS     clear if SSNs were
                                                                 were found on the        exposed).
                                                                 street in a plastic
                                                                 garbage bag. The files
                                                                 contain sensitive
                                                                 information of
                                                                 families, social
                                                                 workers and police
                                                                 officers.
Nov. 25, 2006........................  Indiana State            Two computers stolen     7,700
                                        Department of Health     from an Indiana state
                                        via Family Health        health department
                                        Center of Clark County   contractor contained
                                        (Jeffersonville, IN).    the names, addresses,
                                                                 birth dates, SSNs and
                                                                 medical and billing
                                                                 information for more
                                                                 than 7,500 women. The
                                                                 data were collected as
                                                                 part of the state's
                                                                 Breast and Cervical
                                                                 Cancer Program.
Nov. 27, 2006........................  Johnston County, NC....  Personal data,           Unknown.
                                                                 including SSNs, of
                                                                 thousands of
                                                                 taxpayers, were
                                                                 inadvertently posted
                                                                 on the county web
                                                                 site. The information
                                                                 was removed from the
                                                                 site within an hour
                                                                 after officials became
                                                                 aware of the situation.
Nov. 27, 2006........................  Greenville County        School district          At least 101,000
                                        School District          computers sold to the    students and
                                        (Greenville, SC).        WH Group at auctions     employees.
                                                                 between 1999 and early
                                                                 2006 contained the
                                                                 birth dates, SSNs,
                                                                 driver's license
                                                                 numbers and Department
                                                                 of Juvenile Justice
                                                                 records of
                                                                 approximately 100,000
                                                                 students. The
                                                                 computers also held
                                                                 sensitive data for
                                                                 more than 1,000 school
                                                                 district employees.
                                                                UPDATE (12/10/06): A
                                                                 judge ordered the WH
                                                                 Group to return the
                                                                 computers and the
                                                                 confidential data on
                                                                 them to the school
                                                                 district.
Nov. 27, 2006........................  Chicago Public Schools   A company hired to       1,740 former Chicago
                                        via All Printing &       print and mail health    Public School
                                        Graphics, Inc.           insurance information    employees.
                                        (Chicago, IL).           to former Chicago
                                                                 Public School
                                                                 employees mistakenly
                                                                 included a list of the
                                                                 names, addresses and
                                                                 SSNs of the nearly
                                                                 1,740 people receiving
                                                                 the mailing. Each
                                                                 received the 125-page
                                                                 list of the 1,740
                                                                 former employees.
Nov. 28, 2006........................  Kaiser Permanente        A laptop was stolen      38,000 (not included in
                                        Colorado--its Skyline    from the personal car    total, because SSNs
                                        and Southwest offices    of a Kaiser employee     were apparently not
                                        (Denver, CO) For         in California on Oct.    exposed).
                                        members who have         4. It contained names,
                                        questions: (866) 529-    Kaiser ID number, date
                                        0813.                    of birth, gender, and
                                                                 physician information.
                                                                 The data did not
                                                                 include SSNs.
Nov. 28, 2006........................  Cal State Los Angeles,   An employee's USB drive  2,534
                                        Charter College of       was inside a purse
                                        Education (Los           stolen from a car
                                        Angeles, CA) (800) 883-  trunk. It contained
                                        4029.                    personal information
                                                                 on 48 faculty members
                                                                 and more than 2,500
                                                                 students and
                                                                 applicants of a
                                                                 teacher credentialing
                                                                 program. Information
                                                                 included names, SSNs,
                                                                 campus ID numbers,
                                                                 phone numbers, and e-
                                                                 mail addresses.
Nov. 30, 2006........................  Pennsylvania Dept. of    Thieves stole equipment  11,384
                                        Transportation           from a driver's
                                        (Hanover township        license facility late
                                        driver's license         evening Nov. 28,
                                        facility, Dunmore, PA)   including computers
                                        Affected individuals     containing personal
                                        can call (800) PENNDOT   information on more
                                        if you have questions.   than 11,000 people.
                                        Call PA Crimestoppers    Information included
                                        if you have tips,        names, addresses,
                                        (800) 4PATIPS, reward    dates of birth,
                                        offered.                 driver's license
                                                                 numbers and both
                                                                 partial and complete
                                                                 SSNs (complete SSNs
                                                                 for 5,348 people).
                                                                 Also stolen were
                                                                 supplies used to
                                                                 create drivers
                                                                 licenses and photo
                                                                 IDs. The state
                                                                 maintains 97 driver's
                                                                 license facilities.
Nov. 30, 2006........................  TransUnion Credit        Four different scam      ``more than 1,700
                                        Bureau via Kingman,      companies downloaded     people''.
                                        AZ, court office.        the credit information
                                                                 of more than 1,700
                                                                 individuals, including
                                                                 their credit histories
                                                                 and SSNs. They were
                                                                 able to illegitimately
                                                                 obtain the password to
                                                                 the TransUnion account
                                                                 held by the Kingman,
                                                                 AZ, court office,
                                                                 which apparently has a
                                                                 subscription to the
                                                                 bureau's services.
Dec. 1, 2006.........................  TD Ameritrade            According to a letter    about 300 current and
                                        (Bellevue, NE) (201)     sent to employees, a     former employees.
                                        369-8373.                laptop was removed
                                                                 (presumably stolen)
                                                                 from the office Oct.
                                                                 18, 2006, that
                                                                 contained unencrypted
                                                                 information including
                                                                 names, addresses,
                                                                 birthdates, and SSNs.
Dec. 2, 2006.........................  Gundersen Lutheran       A Medical Center         Unknown.
                                        Medical Center           employee used patient
                                        (LaCrosse, WI).          information, including
                                                                 SSNs and dates of
                                                                 birth, to apply for
                                                                 credit cards in their
                                                                 names. As patient
                                                                 liaison, her duties
                                                                 included insurance
                                                                 coverage,
                                                                 registration, and
                                                                 scheduling
                                                                 appointments. She was
                                                                 arrested for 37 counts
                                                                 of identity theft, and
                                                                 was convicted of
                                                                 identity theft and
                                                                 uttering forged
                                                                 writing, according to
                                                                 the criminal complaint.
Dec. 3, 2006.........................  City of Grand Prairie    Employees of the city    ``hundreds of
                                        (Grand Prairie, TX).     of Grand Prairie were    employees''.
                                                                 notified that personal
                                                                 records were exposed
                                                                 on the city's Web site
                                                                 for at least a year.
                                                                 Included were the
                                                                 names and SSNs of
                                                                 ``hundreds of
                                                                 employees.'' The
                                                                 information has since
                                                                 been removed. The city
                                                                 had been working with
                                                                 a contractor on a
                                                                 proposal for workers'
                                                                 compensation
                                                                 insurance. Along with
                                                                 the proposal, names
                                                                 and SSNs were
                                                                 mistakenly listed.
Dec. 5, 2006.........................  Army National Guard      A laptop was stolen      Unknown.
                                        130th Airlift Wing       from a member of the
                                        (Charleston, WV).        unit while he was
                                                                 attending a training
                                                                 course. It contained
                                                                 names, SSNs, and birth
                                                                 dates of everyone in
                                                                 the 130th Airlift Wing.
Dec. 5, 2006.........................  Nassau Community         A printout is missing    21,000 students.
                                        College (Garden City,    that contans
                                        NY).                     information about each
                                                                 of NCC's 21,000
                                                                 students, including
                                                                 names, SSNs,
                                                                 addresses, and phone
                                                                 numbers. It
                                                                 disappeared from a
                                                                 desk in the Student
                                                                 Activities Office.
Dec. 5, 2006.........................  H&R Block..............  Many past and present    Unknown.
                                                                 customers received
                                                                 unsolicited copies of
                                                                 the program TaxCut
                                                                 that displayed their
                                                                 SSN on the outside.
Dec. 6, 2006.........................  Premier Bank (Columbia,  A report was stolen the  1,800 customers.
                                        MO, with HQ in           evening of Nov. 16
                                        Jefferson City, MO).     from the car of the
                                                                 bank's VP and CFO
                                                                 while employees were
                                                                 celebrating an award
                                                                 received by the bank.
                                                                 The document contained
                                                                 names and account
                                                                 numbers of customers,
                                                                 but reportedly no SSNs.
Dec. 8, 2006.........................  Segal Group of New       Names and SSNs of        ``several hundred,
                                        York, via web site of    ``several hundred''      likely more'' health
                                        Vermont state agency     physicians,              care providers.
                                        used to call for bids    psychologists and       UPDATE (1/14/07): SSNs
                                        on state contracts       other health care        of ``more than 1,100
                                        (Montpelier, VT).        providers were           doctors,
                                                                 mistakenly posted        psychotherapists and
                                                                 online by Segal Group,   other health
                                                                 a contractor hired by    professionals'' were
                                                                 the state to put its     exposed.
                                                                 health management
                                                                 contract out for bid.
                                                                 The information was
                                                                 posted from May 12 to
                                                                 June 19. It was
                                                                 discovered when a
                                                                 doctor found her own
                                                                 SSN online.
Dec. 9, 2006.........................  Virginia Commonwealth    Personal information of  561 students.
                                        University (Richmond,    561 students was
                                        VA).                     inadvertently sent as
                                                                 attachments on Nov. 20
                                                                 in an e-mail,
                                                                 including names, SSNs,
                                                                 local and permanent
                                                                 addresses and grade-
                                                                 point averages. The e-
                                                                 mail was sent to 195
                                                                 students to inform
                                                                 them of their
                                                                 eligibility for
                                                                 scholarships.
Dec. 12, 2006........................  University of            Hacker(s) gained access  800,000
                                        California--Los          to a UCLA database
                                        Angeles (Los Angeles,    containing personal
                                        CA) Affected             information on current
                                        individuals can call     and former students,
                                        UCLA at (877) 533-       current and former
                                        8082.                    faculty and staff,
                                        www.identityalert.ucla   parents of financial
                                        .edu.                    aid applicants, and
                                                                 student applicants,
                                                                 including those who
                                                                 did not attend.
                                                                 Exposed records
                                                                 contained names, SSNs,
                                                                 birth dates, home
                                                                 addresses, and contact
                                                                 information. About
                                                                 3,200 of those
                                                                 notified are current
                                                                 or former staff and
                                                                 faculty of UC Merced
                                                                 and current and former
                                                                 staff of UC's Oakland
                                                                 headquarters.
Dec. 12, 2006........................  University of Texas--    The University           35,000 current and
                                        Dallas (Dallas, TX)      discovered that          former students,
                                        Affected individuals     personal information     faculty, staff, and
                                        can call (972) 883-      of current and former    others.
                                        4325. www.utdallas.edu/  students, faculty
                                        datacompromise/          members, and staff may
                                        form.html.               have been exposed by a
                                                                 computer network
                                                                 intrusion--including
                                                                 names, SSNs, home
                                                                 addresses, phone
                                                                 numbers and e-mail
                                                                 addresses.
                                                                UPDATE (12/14/06): The
                                                                 number of people
                                                                 affected was first
                                                                 thought to be 5,000,
                                                                 but was increased to
                                                                 6,000.
                                                                UPDATE (01/19/07):
                                                                 Officials now say
                                                                 35,000 individuals may
                                                                 have been exposed.
Dec. 12, 2006........................  Aetna/Nationwide/        A lockbox holding        130,000 plus 42,000
                                        Wellpoint Group Health   personal information     reported later plus
                                        Plans via Concentra      of health insurance      28,279 reported later.
                                        Preferred Systems        customers was stolen
                                        (Dayton, OH).            Oct. 26. Thieves broke
                                                                 into an office
                                                                 building occupied by
                                                                 insurance company
                                                                 vendor, Concentra
                                                                 Preferred Systems. The
                                                                 lockbox contained
                                                                 computer backup tapes
                                                                 of medical claim data
                                                                 for Aetna and other
                                                                 Concentra health plan
                                                                 clients. Exposed data
                                                                 includes member names,
                                                                 hospital codes, and
                                                                 either SSNs or Aetna
                                                                 member ID numbers.
                                                                 SSNs of 750 medical
                                                                 professionals were
                                                                 also exposed.
                                                                 Officials downplay the
                                                                 risk by stating that
                                                                 the tapes cannot be
                                                                 used on a standard PC.
                                                                UPDATE (12/23/06): The
                                                                 lockbox also contained
                                                                 tapes with personal
                                                                 information of 42,000
                                                                 NY employees insured
                                                                 by Group Health
                                                                 Insurance Inc.).
                                                                UPDATE (1/24/07):
                                                                 Personal data of
                                                                 28,279 Nationwide's
                                                                 Ohio customers were
                                                                 also compromised.
Dec. 13, 2006........................  Boeing (Seattle, WA)...  In early December, a     382,000 current and
                                                                 laptop was stolen from   former employees.
                                                                 an employee's car.
                                                                 Files contained names,
                                                                 salary information,
                                                                 SSNs, home addresses,
                                                                 phone numbers and
                                                                 dates of birth of
                                                                 current and former
                                                                 employees.
                                                                UPDATE (12/14/06):
                                                                 Boeing fired the
                                                                 employee whose laptop
                                                                 was stolen.
                                                                UPDATE (1/26/07): The
                                                                 laptop was recovered.
NOTE:................................  The 100 million mark     Click here for a news    Please note: The number
                                        was reached Dec. 13,     story in IDG about       refers to *records,*
                                        2006.                    this dubious             NOT persons. Many
                                                                 milestone. And read      individuals have
                                                                 Poulsen and Singel in    experienced more than
                                                                 Wired Blogs. Here is     one breach. For a
                                                                 an article from          commentary by
                                                                 VNUnet, and another      PogoWasRight on this
                                                                 from Washington Post.    matter, click here.
                                                                 Read also the NY Times
                                                                 and GovExec.
                                                                The major source for
                                                                 the breaches reported
                                                                 in this list is the
                                                                 list-serve and web
                                                                 site of Attrition.org.
Dec. 14, 2006........................  Electronic Registry      On Nov. 23, 2006, two    More than 63,000
                                        Systems affecting        computers (one           patients.
                                        Emory University         desktop, one laptop)
                                        (Emory Hospital, Emory   were stolen from
                                        Crawford Long            Electronic Registry
                                        Hospital, Grady          Systems, a business
                                        Memorial Hospital),      contractor in suburban
                                        Geisinger Health         Springdale, OH, that
                                        System (Pennyslvania),   provides cancer
                                        Williamson Medical       patient registry data
                                        Center (Nashville, TN).  processing services.
                                                                 It contained the
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 (name, date of birth,
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 number, address,
                                                                 medical record number,
                                                                 medical data and
                                                                 treatment information)
                                                                 of cancer patients
                                                                 from hospitals in
                                                                 Pennsylvania ,
                                                                 Tennessee , Ohio and
                                                                 Georgia , dating back
                                                                 to 1977 at some
                                                                 hospitals.
                                                                UPDATE (1/14/07): The
                                                                 number of affected
                                                                 patients was increased
                                                                 from 25,000 to 63,000.
Dec. 14, 2006........................  Riverside High School    Two students discovered  ``thousands of school
                                        (Durham, NC).            a breach in the          employees''.
                                                                 security of a Durham
                                                                 Public Schools
                                                                 computer as part of a
                                                                 class assignment. They
                                                                 reported to school
                                                                 officials that they
                                                                 were able to access a
                                                                 database containing
                                                                 SSNs and other
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 of thousands of school
                                                                 employees. The home of
                                                                 one student was
                                                                 searched by Sheriff's
                                                                 deputies and the
                                                                 family computer was
                                                                 seized.
Dec. 14, 2006........................  St. Vrain Valley School  Paper records            600 students.
                                        District (Longmont,      containing student
                                        CO).                     information were
                                                                 stolen, along with a
                                                                 laptop, from a nurse's
                                                                 car Nov. 20. Personal
                                                                 information included
                                                                 students' names, dates
                                                                 of birth, names of
                                                                 their schools, what
                                                                 grade they are in,
                                                                 their Medicaid number
                                                                 (presumably SSNs), and
                                                                 their parents' names.
                                                                 The laptop contained
                                                                 no personal data.
Dec. 14, 2006........................  Bank of America          A former contractor for  Unknown.
                                        (Charlotte, NC).         Bank of America
                                                                 unauthorizedly
                                                                 accessed the personal
                                                                 information (name,
                                                                 address, phone number,
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 number) of an
                                                                 undisclosed number of
                                                                 customers, for the
                                                                 purpose of committing
                                                                 fraud.
Dec. 15, 2006........................  University of Colorado-- A server in the          17,500
                                        Boulder, Academic        Academic Advising
                                        Advising Center          Center was the subject
                                        (Boulder, CO)            of a hacking attack.
                                        www.colorado.edu.        Personal information
                                                                 exposed included names
                                                                 and SSNs for
                                                                 individuals who
                                                                 attended orientation
                                                                 sessions from 2002-
                                                                 2004. CU-Boulder has
                                                                 since ceased using
                                                                 SSNs as identifiers
                                                                 for students, faculty,
                                                                 staff, and
                                                                 administrators.
Dec. 15, 2006........................  City of Wickliffe        Hackers breached         125 employees.
                                        (Wickliffe, OH).         security in one of the
                                                                 city's three computer
                                                                 servers containing
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 on some city
                                                                 employees, including
                                                                 names and SSNs.
Dec. 19, 2006........................  Mississippi State        SSNs and other personal  2,400 students and
                                        University (Jackson,     information were         emplolyees.
                                        MS).                     ``inadvertently''
                                                                 posted on a publicly
                                                                 accessible MSU Web
                                                                 site. The breach was
                                                                 discovered ``last
                                                                 week'' and the
                                                                 information has since
                                                                 been removed.
Dec. 20, 2006........................  Lakeland Library         Personal information of  15,000 library users.
                                        Cooperative--serving     15,000 library users
                                        80 libraries in 8        in West Michigan was
                                        counties (Grand          displayed on the
                                        Rapids, MI).             Cooperative's Web site
                                                                 due to a technical
                                                                 problem. Information
                                                                 exposed included
                                                                 names, phone numbers,
                                                                 e-mail addresses,
                                                                 street addresses, and
                                                                 library card numbers.
                                                                 Children's names were
                                                                 also listed along with
                                                                 their parents' names
                                                                 on a spreadsheet
                                                                 document. The
                                                                 information has since
                                                                 been removed.
Dec. 20, 2006........................  Big Foot High School     Personal information     87 current and former
                                        (Walworth, WI).          was accidentally         employees.
                                                                 exposed on the High
                                                                 School's Web site for
                                                                 a short time, perhaps
                                                                 for about 36 minutes,
                                                                 according to a report.
                                                                 Information included
                                                                 last names, SSNs, and
                                                                 birthdates.
Dec. 20, 2006........................  Lake County residents,   A Chicago man            27 residents of Lake
                                        plus Major League        apparently removed       County plus about 90
                                        Baseball players         documents from a trash   current and retired
                                        (Northbrook, IL).        bin outside SFX          Major League Baseball
                                                                 Baseball Inc., a         players for a total of
                                                                 sports agency that       117 individuals.
                                                                 deals with Major
                                                                 League Baseball. He
                                                                 used information found
                                                                 on those documents to
                                                                 commit identity theft
                                                                 on at least 27 Lake
                                                                 County residents.
                                                                 Information found
                                                                 during a search of the
                                                                 thief's home included
                                                                 SSNs, birthdates,
                                                                 canceled paychecks,
                                                                 obituaries, and infant
                                                                 death records.
Dec. 20, 2006........................  Deb Shops, Inc.          A hacker illegally       Unknown.
                                        (Philadelphia, PA)       accessed company Web
                                        (800) 460-9704.          pages and a related
                                                                 data base used for
                                                                 Internet-based
                                                                 purchases. The
                                                                 intruder may have
                                                                 accessed customers'
                                                                 credit card
                                                                 information including
                                                                 names on cards and
                                                                 credit card numbers.
Dec. 21, 2006........................  Santa Clara County       A computer stolen from   2,500
                                        employment agency        the agency holds the
                                        (Santa Clara County,     SSNs of approximately
                                        CA).                     2,500 individuals.
Dec. 22, 2006........................  Texas Woman's            A document containing    15,000 students.
                                        University (Dallas,      names, addresses and
                                        Denton, and Houston,     SSNs of 15,000 TWU
                                        TX).                     students was
                                                                 transmitted over a non-
                                                                 secure connection.
Dec. 27, 2006........................  Montana State            A student working in     259 students.
                                        University (Bozeman,     the loan office
                                        MT).                     mistakenly sent
                                                                 packets containing
                                                                 lists of student
                                                                 names, Social Security
                                                                 numbers, and loan
                                                                 information to other
                                                                 students.
Dec. 28, 2006........................  U.S. State Department..  A bag containing         700 (not included in
                                                                 approximately 700        total.)
                                                                 completed passport
                                                                 applications was
                                                                 reported missing on
                                                                 December 1. The bag,
                                                                 which was supposed to
                                                                 be shipped to
                                                                 Charlotte, NC, was
                                                                 found later in the
                                                                 month at Los Angeles
                                                                 International Airport.
Dec. 30, 2006........................  KeyCorp (Cleveland, OH)  A laptop computer        9,300
                                                                 stolen from a KeyCorp
                                                                 vendor contains
                                                                 personally
                                                                 identifiable
                                                                 information, including
                                                                 SSNs, of 9,300
                                                                 customers in six
                                                                 states.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                      2007
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Jan. 1, 2007.........................  Wisconsin Dept. of       Tax forms were mailed    171,000 taxpayers.
                                        Revenue via Ripon        to taxpayers in which
                                        Printers (Madison, WI)   SSNs were
                                        (608) 224-5163           inadvertently printed
                                        www.privacy.wi.gov.      on the front of some
                                                                 Form 1 booklets. Some
                                                                 were retrieved before
                                                                 they were mailed.
Jan. 2, 2007.........................  Deaconess Hospital       A computer missing from  128 patients.
                                        (Evansville, IN).        the hospital holds
                                                                 personal information,
                                                                 including SSNs, of 128
                                                                 respiratory therapy
                                                                 patients.
Jan. 2, 2007.........................  Notre Dame University    A University Director's  Unknown.
                                        (Notre Dame, IN, South   laptop was stolen
                                        Bend, IN).               before Christmas. It
                                                                 contained personal
                                                                 information of
                                                                 employees, including
                                                                 names, SSNs, and
                                                                 salary information.
Jan. 2, 2007.........................  News accounts are not    About 40 boxes of        Unknown.
                                        clear as to source,      financial paperwork,
                                        but thought to be a      thought to be from
                                        realty office (Las       loan applications, was
                                        Vegas, NV).              found in a dumpster.
                                                                 One of the boxes
                                                                 visible to news
                                                                 reporters was said to
                                                                 contain paperwork with
                                                                 bank account details,
                                                                 photocopies of
                                                                 driver's licenses,
                                                                 SSNs and ``other
                                                                 private information.''.
Jan. 4, 2007.........................  Selma, NC, Water         A laptop stolen from     Unknown.
                                        Treatment Plant          the water treatment
                                        (Johnston County, NC).   facility holds the
                                                                 names and SSNs of
                                                                 Selma volunteer
                                                                 firefighters.
Jan. 4, 2007.........................  Unnamed medical center,  An individual found      Unknown.
                                        via Newark Recycling     unshredded medical
                                        Center (Stockton, CA).   records in 36 boxes at
                                                                 the Newark Recycling
                                                                 Center.
Jan. 5, 2007.........................  Dr. Baceski's office,    A hard drive was stolen  ``hundreds of
                                        internal medicine        containing personal      patients''.
                                        (Somerset, PA).          information on
                                                                 ``hundreds of
                                                                 patients.''.
Jan. 9, 2007.........................  Altria, the parent       5 laptops were stolen    18,000 past and present
                                        company of Philip        from Towers Perrin,      employees, presumably
                                        Morris (Kraft Foods),    allegedly by a former    of Altria (total
                                        also United              employee. The theft      number of affected
                                        Technologies, via        occurred Nov. 27,        individuals is
                                        benefits consultant,     2006. The computers      unknown).
                                        Towers Perrin. (New      contain names, SSNs,
                                        York, NY).               and other pension-
                                                                 related information,
                                                                 presumably of several
                                                                 companies, although
                                                                 news reports are not
                                                                 clear.
                                                                UPDATE (1/11/07): NY
                                                                 police arrested ``a
                                                                 junior-level
                                                                 administrative
                                                                 employee'' of the
                                                                 company in the theft
                                                                 of the laptops.
Jan. 10, 2007........................  University of Arizona    Breaches occurred in     Unknown.
                                        (Tucson, AZ).            November and December
                                                                 2006 that affected
                                                                 services with UA
                                                                 Student Unions,
                                                                 University Library,
                                                                 and UA Procurement and
                                                                 Contracting Services.
                                                                 Some services were
                                                                 shut down for several
                                                                 days.
Jan. 11, 2007........................  University of Idaho,     Over Thanksgiving        70,000
                                        Advancement Services     weekend, 3 desktop
                                        office (Moscow, ID)      computers were stolen
                                        (866) 351-1860           from the Advancement
                                        www.identityalert.       Services office
                                        uidaho.edu.              containing personal
                                                                 information of alumni,
                                                                 donors, employees, and
                                                                 students. 331,000
                                                                 individuals may have
                                                                 been exposed, with as
                                                                 many as 70,000 records
                                                                 containing SSNs, names
                                                                 and addresses.
Jan. 12, 2007........................  MoneyGram International  MoneyGram, a payment     79,000
                                        (Minneapolis, MN).       service provider,
                                                                 reported that a
                                                                 company server was
                                                                 unlawfully accessed
                                                                 over the Internet last
                                                                 month. It contained
                                                                 information on about
                                                                 79,000 bill payment
                                                                 customers, including
                                                                 names, addresses,
                                                                 phone numbers, and in
                                                                 some cases, bank
                                                                 account numbers.
Jan. 13, 2007........................  North Carolina Dept. of  A laptop computer        30,000 taxpayers.
                                        Revenue (Raleigh, NC).   containing taxpayer
                                                                 data was stolen from
                                                                 the car of a NC Dept.
                                                                 of Revenue employee in
                                                                 mid-December. The
                                                                 files included names,
                                                                 SSNs or federal
                                                                 employer ID numbers,
                                                                 and tax debt owed to
                                                                 the state.
Jan. 16, 2007........................  University of New        At least 3 computers     Unknown.
                                        Mexico (Albuquerque,     and 4 monitors were
                                        NM).                     stolen from the
                                                                 associate provost's
                                                                 office overnight
                                                                 between Jan. 2 and 3.
                                                                 They may have included
                                                                 faculty members' names
                                                                 and SSNs.
Jan. 17, 2007........................  TJ stores (TJX),         The TJX Companies Inc.   45,700,000 credit and
                                        including TJMaxx,        experienced an           debit card account
                                        Marshalls, Winners,      ``unauthorized           numbers.
                                        HomeSense, AJWright,     intrusion'' into its    455,000 merchandise
                                        TKMaxx, and possibly     computer systems that    return records
                                        Bob's Stores in U.S. &   process and store        containing customer
                                        Puerto Rico--Winners     customer transactions    names and driver's
                                        and HomeGoods stores     including credit card,   license numbers.
                                        in Canada--and           debit card, check, and
                                        possibly TKMaxx stores   merchandise return
                                        in UK and Ireland        transactions. It
                                        (Framingham, Mass.)      discovered the
                                        U.S.: Call (866) 484-    intrusion mid-December
                                        6978 Canada: (866) 903-  2006. Transaction data
                                        1408 U.K. & Ireland:     from 2003 as well as
                                        0800 77 90 15            mid-May through
                                        www.tjx.com.             December 2006 may have
                                                                 been accessed.
                                                                 According to its Web
                                                                 site, TJX is ``the
                                                                 leading off-price
                                                                 retailer of apparel
                                                                 and home fashions in
                                                                 the U.S. and
                                                                 worldwide.''.
                                                                UPDATE (2/22/07): TJX
                                                                 said that while it
                                                                 first thought the
                                                                 intrusion took place
                                                                 from May 2006 to
                                                                 January 2007, it now
                                                                 thinks its computer
                                                                 system was also hacked
                                                                 in July 2005 and on
                                                                 ``various subsequent
                                                                 dates'' that year.
                                                                UPDATE (3/21/07):
                                                                 Information stolen
                                                                 from TJX's systems was
                                                                 being used
                                                                 fraudulently in
                                                                 November 2006 in an $8
                                                                 million gift card
                                                                 scheme, one month
                                                                 before TJX officials
                                                                 said they learned of
                                                                 the breach, according
                                                                 to Florida law
                                                                 enforcement officials.
                                                                UPDATE (3/29/07): The
                                                                 company reported in
                                                                 its SEC filing that
                                                                 45.7 million credit
                                                                 and debit card numbers
                                                                 were hacked, along
                                                                 with 455,000
                                                                 merchandise return
                                                                 records containing
                                                                 customers' driver's
                                                                 license numbers,
                                                                 Military ID numbers or
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers.
                                                                UPDATE (4/22/07):
                                                                 Initially, TJX said
                                                                 the break-in started
                                                                 seven months before it
                                                                 was discovered. Then,
                                                                 on Feb. 18, the
                                                                 company noted the
                                                                 perpetrators had
                                                                 access to data for 17
                                                                 months, and apparently
                                                                 began in July 2005.
                                                                UPDATE (04/26/07):
                                                                 Three states' banking
                                                                 associations (MA, CT,
                                                                 and ME) filed a class
                                                                 action lawsuit against
                                                                 TJX to recover the
                                                                 costs of damages
                                                                 totaling ``tens of
                                                                 millions of dollars''
                                                                 incurred for replacing
                                                                 customers' debit and
                                                                 credit cards.
                                                                UPDATE (05/04/07): An
                                                                 article in the WSJ
                                                                 notes that because TJX
                                                                 had an outdated
                                                                 wireless security
                                                                 encryption system, had
                                                                 failed to install
                                                                 firewalls and data
                                                                 encryption on
                                                                 computers using the
                                                                 wireless network, and
                                                                 had not properly
                                                                 install another layer
                                                                 of security software
                                                                 it had bought, thieves
                                                                 were able to access
                                                                 data streaming between
                                                                 hand-held price-
                                                                 checking devices, cash
                                                                 registers and the
                                                                 store's computers. 21
                                                                 U.S. and Canadian
                                                                 lawsuits seek damages
                                                                 from the retailer for
                                                                 reissuing compromised
                                                                 cards.
Jan. 17, 2007........................  Rincon del Diablo        2 computers were stolen  500 customers.
                                        Municipal Water          from the district
                                        District (Escondido,     office. One included
                                        CA, plus                 names and credit card
                                        unincorporated           numbers of customers.
                                        neighborhoods outside
                                        the city, and parts of
                                        San Marcos and San
                                        Diego, CA) (760) 745-
                                        5522.
Jan. 18, 2007........................  KB Home (Charleston,     A computer was stolen    2,700
                                        SC).                     from one of the home
                                                                 builder's offices. It
                                                                 likely contained
                                                                 names, addresses, and
                                                                 SSNs of people who had
                                                                 visited the sales
                                                                 office for Foxbank
                                                                 Plantation in Berkeley
                                                                 County near Charleston.
Jan. 19, 2007........................  U.S. Internal Revenue    26 IRS computer tapes    Unknown.
                                        Service via City of      containing taxpayer
                                        Kansas City (Kansas      information were
                                        City, MO).               reported missing after
                                                                 they were delivered to
                                                                 City Hall. They
                                                                 potentially contain
                                                                 taxpayers' names,
                                                                 SSNs, bank account
                                                                 numbers, or employer
                                                                 information. The 26
                                                                 tapes were the entire
                                                                 shipment received by
                                                                 the City last August.
                                                                 The disappearance was
                                                                 noticed late December
                                                                 2006.
Jan. 22, 2007........................  U.S. Dept. of Veteran's  Folders of veterans'     Unknown.
                                        Affairs (Seattle, WA).   personal information
                                                                 were stolen from a
                                                                 locked car in
                                                                 Bremerton, WA. News
                                                                 stories are not clear
                                                                 on the type of
                                                                 information contained
                                                                 in the folders.
Jan. 22, 2007........................  Chicago Board of         About 100 computer       1.3 million voters.
                                        Elections (Chicago,      discs (CDs) with 1.3
                                        IL).                     million Chicago
                                                                 voters' SSNs were
                                                                 mistakenly distributed
                                                                 to aldermen and ward
                                                                 committeemen. CDs also
                                                                 contain birth dates
                                                                 and addresses.
Jan. 23, 2007........................  Rutgers-Newark           An associate             200 students.
                                        University, Political    professor's laptop was
                                        Science Dept. (Newark,   stolen, containing
                                        NJ).                     names and SSNs of 200
                                                                 students. Rutgers no
                                                                 longers uses SSNs as
                                                                 student IDs, but
                                                                 student IDs from past
                                                                 years are still SSNs.
Jan. 25, 2007........................  Clay High School         A former high school     Unknown.
                                        (Oregon, OH).            student obtained
                                                                 sensitive staff and
                                                                 student information
                                                                 through an apparent
                                                                 security breach. The
                                                                 data was copied onto
                                                                 an iPod and included
                                                                 names, birth dates,
                                                                 SSNs, addresses, and
                                                                 phone numbers.
Jan. 25, 2007........................  Ohio Board of Nursing    The agency's Web site    3,031 newly licensed
                                        (Columbus, OH).          posted names and SSNs    nurses.
                                                                 of newly licensed
                                                                 nurses twice in the
                                                                 past 2 months. SSNs
                                                                 were supposed to have
                                                                 been removed before
                                                                 posting.
Jan. 25, 2007........................  Washiawa Women, Infants  A WIC employee           11,500 current and
                                        and Children program     apparently stole the     former clients.
                                        (WIC) (Honolulu, HI)     personal information
                                        (808) 586-8080           of agency clients,
                                        www.hawaii.gov.          including SSNs, and
                                                                 committed identity
                                                                 theft on at least 3
                                                                 families and perhaps 2
                                                                 more. The Health
                                                                 Director said the
                                                                 agency will no longer
                                                                 use SSNs in its data
                                                                 base.
Jan. 26, 2007........................  Indiana Dept. of         The names and SSNs of    4,000 employees.
                                        Transportation           INDOT employees were
                                        (Indianapolis, IN).      inadvertently posted
                                                                 on an internal network
                                                                 computer drive
                                                                 sometime between Sept.
                                                                 6 and Dec. 4, 2006.
Jan. 26, 2007........................  Vanguard University      On Jan. 16, 2 computers  5,015 financial aid
                                        (Costa Mesa, CA) (800)   were discovered stolen   applicants for 2005-
                                        920-7312                 from the financial aid   2006 and 2006-2007
                                        www.identityalert.       office. Data included    school years.
                                        vanguard.edu.            names, SSNs, dates of
                                                                 birth, phone numbers,
                                                                 driver's license
                                                                 numbers, and lists of
                                                                 assets.
Jan. 26, 2007........................  WellPoint's Anthem Blue  Cassette tapes           196,000 customers.
                                        Cross Blue Shield        containing customer
                                        (Virginia) (800) 284-    information were
                                        9779.                    stolen from a lock box
                                                                 held by one of its
                                                                 vendors. Data included
                                                                 names and SSNs.
Jan. 26, 2007........................  Chase Bank and the       A Bossier woman bought   4,100 current and
                                        former Bank One, now     a used desk from a       former employees
                                        merged (Shreveport,      furniture store. She     ``from all over
                                        LA).                     discovered a 165-page    Louisiana.''
                                                                 spread sheet in a
                                                                 drawer that included
                                                                 names and SSNs of bank
                                                                 employees. The
                                                                 document was returned
                                                                 to the bank.
Jan. 26, 2007........................  Eastern Illinois         A desktop computer was   1,400 currently
                                        University               stolen from the          enrolled students.
                                        (Charleston, IL).        Student Life office
                                                                 containing membership
                                                                 rosters--including
                                                                 SSNs, birthdates, and
                                                                 addresses--of the
                                                                 University's 23
                                                                 fraternities and
                                                                 sororities. A hard
                                                                 drive and memory from
                                                                 2 other computers were
                                                                 also stolen.
Jan. 29, 2007........................  Mendoza College of       A file of individuals    Unknown.
                                        Business, Notre Dame     who took the GMAT test
                                        University (Notre        (Graduate Management
                                        Dame, IN, South Bend,    Admissions Test) was
                                        IN).                     mistakenly left on a
                                                                 computer that was
                                                                 decommissioned. The
                                                                 computer was later
                                                                 reactivated and
                                                                 plugged into the
                                                                 Internet. Its files
                                                                 were available through
                                                                 a file-sharing
                                                                 program. Data included
                                                                 names, scores, SSNs
                                                                 and demographic
                                                                 information from 2001.
Feb. 2, 2007.........................  Massachusetts Dept. of   A former state           1,200 people who
                                        Industrial Accidents     contractor allegedly     submitted claims.
                                        (Boston, MA) (800) 323-  accessed a workers'
                                        3249 ext. 560            compensation data file
                                        www.mass.gov/dia.        and stole personal
                                                                 information, including
                                                                 SSNs. The thief used
                                                                 the data to commit
                                                                 identity theft on at
                                                                 least 3 individuals.
Feb. 2, 2007.........................  Indian Consulate via     Visa applications and    Unknown.
                                        Haight Ashbury           other sensitive
                                        Neighborhood Council     documents were
                                        recycling center (San    accessible for more
                                        Francisco, CA).          than a month in an
                                                                 open yard of a
                                                                 recycling center.
                                                                 Information included
                                                                 applicants' names,
                                                                 addresses, phone
                                                                 numbers, birthdates,
                                                                 professions,
                                                                 employers, passport
                                                                 numbers, and photos. A
                                                                 sampling of documents
                                                                 indicated that the
                                                                 paperwork included
                                                                 everyone who applied
                                                                 in the Western states
                                                                 from 2002-2005.
                                                                 Applicants were
                                                                 current and former
                                                                 executives of major
                                                                 Bay Area companies
                                                                 that have operations
                                                                 in India.
Feb. 2, 2007.........................  Wisconsin Assembly       A document containing    109 Assembly members
                                        (Madison, WI).           personal information     and aides.
                                                                 of Wisconsin Assembly
                                                                 members was stolen
                                                                 from a legislative
                                                                 employee's car while
                                                                 she was exercising at
                                                                 a local gym. It
                                                                 contained names,
                                                                 addresses, and SSNs.
Feb. 2, 2007.........................  University of Missouri,  A hacker broke into a    3,799
                                        Research Board Grant     UM computer server mid-
                                        Application System       January and might have
                                        (Columbia, MO).          accessed personal
                                                                 information, including
                                                                 SSNs, of 1,220
                                                                 researchers on 4
                                                                 campuses. The
                                                                 passwords of 2,579
                                                                 individuals might also
                                                                 have been exposed.
Feb. 2, 2007.........................  New York Dept. of State  The agency's Web site    Unknown.
                                        (Albany, NY).            posted commercial loan
                                                                 documents that
                                                                 mistakenly contained
                                                                 SSNs. The forms are
                                                                 posted to let lenders
                                                                 know the current
                                                                 financial status of
                                                                 loan recipients.
Feb. 2, 2007.........................  U.S. Dept. of Veteran's  An employee reported a   48,000 veterans
                                        Affairs, VA Medical      portable hard drive     UPDATE (2/10/07): VA
                                        Center (Birmingham,      stolen or missing that   increases number of
                                        AL) (877) 894-2600.      might contain personal   affected veterans to
                                                                 information about        535,000, included in
                                                                 veterans including       the total below
                                                                 Social Security         UPDATE (2/12/07): VA
                                                                 numbers.                 reported that billing
                                                                UPDATE (3/19/07): The     information for 1.3
                                                                 VA's Security            million doctors was
                                                                 Operations Center has    also exposed,
                                                                 referred 250 incidents   including names and
                                                                 since July 2006 to its   Medicare billing
                                                                 inspector general,       codes, not included in
                                                                 which has led to 46      the total below.
                                                                 separate
                                                                 investigations.
Feb. 3, 2007.........................  CTS Tax Service          The computer and hard    800
                                        (Cassopolis, MI).        drive of a tax
                                                                 preparation company
                                                                 were stolen. Data
                                                                 included names, bank
                                                                 account numbers,
                                                                 routing numbers,
                                                                 birthdates, SSNs, and
                                                                 addresses.
Feb. 6, 2007.........................  NY Dept. of Labor        Laptop computer          537
                                        (Glenn Falls, NY).       containing personal
                                                                 information for people
                                                                 who were employed by
                                                                 13 Capital Region
                                                                 businesses stolen from
                                                                 state tax auditor's
                                                                 apartment.
Feb. 6, 2007.........................  Metro Credit Services    Files of the defunct     ``thousands.''
                                        (Hurst, TX).             bill collection
                                                                 company containing
                                                                 medical records, phone
                                                                 bills and Social
                                                                 Security numbers were
                                                                 found in a trash bin.
Feb. 7, 2007.........................  University of Nebraska   An employee              72
                                        (Lincoln, NE).           accidentally posted
                                                                 SSNs of 72 students,
                                                                 professors, and staff
                                                                 on UNL's public Web
                                                                 site where they
                                                                 remained for 2 years.
                                                                 They have since been
                                                                 removed.
Feb. 7, 2007.........................  Johns Hopkins            Johns Hopkins reported   52,000 past and present
                                        University and Johns     the disappearance of 9   employees plus 83,000
                                        Hopkins Hospital         backup computer tapes    patients.
                                        (Baltimore, MD).         containing personal
                                                                 information of
                                                                 employees and
                                                                 patients, Eight of the
                                                                 tapes contained
                                                                 payroll information on
                                                                 52,000 past and
                                                                 present employees,
                                                                 including SSNs and in
                                                                 some cases bank
                                                                 account numbers. The
                                                                 9th tape contained
                                                                 ``less sensitive''
                                                                 information about
                                                                 83,000 hospital
                                                                 patients.
Feb. 7, 2007.........................  Front Range Ski Shop     The shop's Web site was  15,000 customers.
                                        (Denver, CO).            broken into and
                                                                 customer information
                                                                 including credit card
                                                                 account data may have
                                                                 been accessed.
Feb. 7, 2007.........................  A Toronto, Ontario,      Credit card data for     The number is not
                                        residence (Canada).      more than 35,000         included in the total
                                                                 individuals from         below because it is
                                                                 across North America     not known how many of
                                                                 were discovered by       the affected
                                                                 police when they         individuals are from
                                                                 executed a search        the U.S.
                                                                 warrant at a Toronto
                                                                 residence. A man has
                                                                 since been arrested on
                                                                 fraud and
                                                                 counterfeiting charges.
Feb. 7, 2007.........................  Central Connecticut      Social Security numbers  750 students.
                                        State University (New    of about 750 CCSU
                                        Britain, CT).            students were exposed
                                                                 in the name and
                                                                 address window on
                                                                 envelopes mailed to
                                                                 them. The envelopes
                                                                 were not folded
                                                                 correctly. They
                                                                 contained IRS 1098T
                                                                 forms.
Feb. 8, 2007.........................  Piper Jaffrey            W-2s sent to current     ``more than 1,000
                                        (Minneapolis, MN).       and former employees     employees''.
                                                                 in January included
                                                                 employees' Social
                                                                 Security numbers on
                                                                 the outside of the
                                                                 envelope. Though the
                                                                 numbers were not
                                                                 identified as Social
                                                                 Security numbers, they
                                                                 followed the standard
                                                                 XXX-XX-XXXX format.
                                                                 Executives indicated
                                                                 the mishap was an
                                                                 error by a third-party
                                                                 vendor.
Feb. 8, 2007.........................  St. Mary's Hospital      A laptop was stolen in   130,000
                                        (Leonardtown, MD).       December that
                                                                 contained names, SSNs,
                                                                 and birthdates for
                                                                 many of the Hospital's
                                                                 patients.
Feb. 9, 2007.........................  East Carolina            A programming error      65,000 students,
                                        University               resulted in personal     alumni, and staff
                                        (Greenville, NC)         information of 65,000    members.
                                        www.ecu.edu/incident/    individuals being
                                        877-328-6660.            exposed on the
                                                                 University's Web site.
                                                                 The data has since
                                                                 been removed. Included
                                                                 were names, addresses,
                                                                 SSNs, and in some
                                                                 cases credit card
                                                                 numbers.
Feb. 9, 2007.........................  Radford University,      A computer security      2,400 children.
                                        Waldron School of        breach exposed the
                                        Health and Human         personal information,
                                        Services (Radford, VA).  including SSNs, of
                                                                 children enrolled in
                                                                 the FAMIS program,
                                                                 Family Access to
                                                                 Medical Insurance
                                                                 Security.
Feb. 10, 2007........................  Official Indiana State   A hacker gained access   5,600 individuals and
                                        Web site www.IN.gov      to the State Web site    businesses and 71,000
                                        (888) 438-8397 Email:    and obtained credit      health-care workers.
                                        security;concerns@www.   card numbers of
                                        IN.gov.                  individuals who had
                                                                 used the site's online
                                                                 services and gained
                                                                 access to Social
                                                                 Security numbers for
                                                                 71,000 health-care
                                                                 workers.
                                                                UPDATE (3/22/07):
                                                                 Investigators have
                                                                 identified a teen they
                                                                 believe hacked into
                                                                 the IN.gov as a prank.
Feb. 14, 2007........................  Kaiser Medical Center    A doctor's laptop was    22,000 patients, but
                                        (Oakland, CA) (866)      stolen from the          apparently only 500
                                        529-0779.                Medical Center           records contained SSNs
                                                                 containing medical       (the latter number is
                                                                 information of 22,000    included in total
                                                                 patients. But only 500   below).
                                                                 records contained SSNs.
Feb. 14, 2007........................  Iowa Dept. of Education  Up to 600 files of       600
                                                                 G.E.D. recipients were
                                                                 viewed when the online
                                                                 database was hacked.
                                                                 Files included names,
                                                                 addresses, birthdates,
                                                                 and SSNs of G.E.D.
                                                                 graduates from 1965 to
                                                                 2002.
Feb. 14, 2007........................  Conn. Office of the      Personal information of  1,753
                                        State Comptroller        state employees
                                        (Hartford, CT).          including names and
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers was
                                                                 inadvertently posted
                                                                 on the Internet in a
                                                                 spreadsheet of vendors
                                                                 used by the state.
Feb. 15, 2007........................  City College of San      Names, grades, and SSNs  11,000 students.
                                        Francisco (San           were posted on an
                                        Francisco, CA) (800)     unprotected Web site
                                        436-0108 www.ccsf.edu.   after summer session
                                                                 in 1999. CCSF stopped
                                                                 using SSNs as studens
                                                                 IDs in 2002.
Feb. 19, 2007........................  Seton Healthcare         A laptop with uninsured  7,800
                                        Network (North Austin,   patients' names, birth
                                        TX).                     dates and Social
                                                                 Security numbers was
                                                                 stolen last week from
                                                                 the Seton hospital
                                                                 system. The uninsured
                                                                 patients had gone to
                                                                 Seton emergency rooms
                                                                 and city health
                                                                 clinics since July 1,
                                                                 2005.
Feb. 19, 2007........................  Clarksville-Montgomery   Staff and faculty        633
                                        County middle and high   Social Security
                                        schools (Clarksville,    numbers, used as
                                        TN).                     employee
                                                                 identification
                                                                 numbers, were embedded
                                                                 in file photos by the
                                                                 company that took
                                                                 yearbook pictures and
                                                                 inadvertently placed
                                                                 in a search engine on
                                                                 school system's Web
                                                                 site.
Feb. 19, 2007........................  Stop & Shop              Credit and debit card    Unknown.
                                        Supermarkets (Rhode      account information
                                        Island and Southern      including PIN numbers
                                        MA) 877-366-2668.        was stolen by high-
                                                                 tech thieves who
                                                                 apparently broke into
                                                                 checkout-line card
                                                                 readers and PIN pads
                                                                 and tampered with them.
Feb. 19, 2007........................  Social Security Admin.   Files of disability      13
                                        (Milwaukee, WI).         applicants containing
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers, addresses,
                                                                 phone numbers of
                                                                 family members, dates
                                                                 of birth and work
                                                                 history, and detailed
                                                                 medical information
                                                                 were lost/stolen when
                                                                 a telecommuting
                                                                 employee abandoned
                                                                 them in a locked
                                                                 filing cabinet at home
                                                                 after a threat of
                                                                 domestic violence.
                                                                 Several of the files
                                                                 were mailed back to
                                                                 the local SSA office
                                                                 months later; others
                                                                 were found in a
                                                                 dumpster recently, and
                                                                 four were never
                                                                 recovered.
Feb. 20, 2007........................  Back and Joint           20 boxes containing      ``hundreds''.
                                        Institute of Texas       Social Security
                                        (San Antonio, TX).       numbers, photocopies
                                                                 of driver's license
                                                                 numbers, addresses,
                                                                 phone numbers and
                                                                 private medical
                                                                 history of
                                                                 chiropractic patients
                                                                 were found in a
                                                                 dumpster.
Feb. 21, 2007........................  Georgia Institute of     Personal information of  3,000
                                        Technology (Atlanta,     former employees
                                        GA) 404-894-2499         mostly in the School
                                        [email protected].           of Electrical and
                                                                 Computer Engineering
                                                                 including names,
                                                                 addresses, Social
                                                                 Security number, other
                                                                 sensitive information,
                                                                 and about 400 state
                                                                 purchasing card
                                                                 numbers was
                                                                 compromised by
                                                                 unauthorized access to
                                                                 a Georgia Tech
                                                                 computer account.
Feb. 22, 2007........................  Speedmark (Woodlands,    Thieves stole several    35,000
                                        TX).                     computers, one of
                                                                 which contained a
                                                                 database with
                                                                 personally identifying
                                                                 information including
                                                                 names, addresses, e-
                                                                 mail accounts, and
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers of Speedmark's
                                                                 mystery shopper
                                                                 employees and
                                                                 contractors.
Feb. 23, 2007........................  Rabun Apparel Inc.,      Names and Social         1,006
                                        former subsidiary of     Security numbers of
                                        Fruit of the Loom        former employees were
                                        (Rabun Gap, GA).         accessible on the
                                                                 Internet from Jan. 15
                                                                 until Feb. 20.
Feb. 28, 2007........................  Gulf Coast Medical       Patient information      9,900
                                        Center (Nashville, TN    including names and
                                        & Tallahassee, FL).      Social Security
                                                                 numbers was
                                                                 compromised when two
                                                                 computers went
                                                                 missing. 1,900
                                                                 individuals were
                                                                 affected by a theft in
                                                                 Nashville, TN in
                                                                 November and 8,000
                                                                 when another computer
                                                                 was stolen in
                                                                 Tallahassee in
                                                                 February.
Mar. 1, 2007.........................  Westerly Hospital        Patient names, Social    2,242
                                        (Westerly, RI).          Security numbers,
                                                                 contact information as
                                                                 well as insurance
                                                                 information were
                                                                 posted on a publicly-
                                                                 accessible Web site.
Mar. 2, 2007.........................  Calif. Dept. of Health   Benefit notification     54
                                        Services (Sacramento,    letters containing
                                        CA).                     names addresses,
                                                                 Medicare Part D plan
                                                                 names and premium
                                                                 payment amounts of
                                                                 some individuals
                                                                 enrolled in the
                                                                 California AIDS Drug
                                                                 Assistance Program
                                                                 (ADAP) were mailed to
                                                                 another enrollee.
Mar. 3, 2007.........................  Metropolitan State       A faculty member's       988
                                        College of Denver        laptop computer that
                                        (Denver, CO) 866-737-    contained the names
                                        6622.                    and Social Security
                                                                 numbers of former
                                                                 students was stolen
                                                                 from its docking
                                                                 station on campus.
Mar. 3, 2007.........................  Johnny's Selected Seeds  Hacker accessed credit   11,500
                                        (Winslow, ME).           card account
                                                                 information of online
                                                                 customers. About 20
                                                                 credit cards have been
                                                                 used fraudulently.
Mar. 7, 2007.........................  Los Rios Community       Student information      2,000
                                        College (Northern        including Social
                                        Calif.).                 Security numbers were
                                                                 accessible on the
                                                                 Internet after the
                                                                 school used actual
                                                                 data to test a new
                                                                 onine application
                                                                 process in October.
Mar. 7, 2007.........................  U.S. Census Bureau       Personal information of  302 households.
                                        (Washington, D.C.).      302 households
                                                                 including names,
                                                                 addresses, phone
                                                                 numbers, birth dates
                                                                 and family income
                                                                 ranges were posted on
                                                                 a public Internet site
                                                                 multiple times over a
                                                                 five-month period from
                                                                 October 2006 to Feb.
                                                                 15, 2007 when Census
                                                                 employees working from
                                                                 home tested new
                                                                 software records.
Mar. 9, 2007.........................  California National      A computer hard drive    1,300
                                        Guard (Sacramento, CA).  containing Social
                                                                 Security numbers, home
                                                                 addresses, birth dates
                                                                 and other identifying
                                                                 information of
                                                                 California National
                                                                 Guard troops deployed
                                                                 to the U.S.-Mexico
                                                                 border was stolen.
Mar. 10, 2007........................  University of Idaho      A data file posted to    2,700
                                        (Moscow, ID)             the school's Web site
                                        www.vandalidentity.net   contained personal
                                        888-900-3783.            information including
                                                                 names, birthdates and
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers of University
                                                                 employees.
Mar. 12, 2007........................  Dai Nippon (Tokyo,       A former contract        Unknown.
                                        Japan).                  worker of a Japanese
                                                                 commercial printing
                                                                 company stole nearly 9
                                                                 million pieces of
                                                                 private data on
                                                                 customers from 43
                                                                 clients. The stolen
                                                                 data includes
                                                                 confidential
                                                                 information such as
                                                                 names, addresses and
                                                                 credit card numbers
                                                                 intended for use in
                                                                 direct mailing and
                                                                 other printing
                                                                 services. Customers of
                                                                 U.S.-based American
                                                                 Home Assurance Co. and
                                                                 Toyota Motor were
                                                                 affected.
Mar. 13, 2007........................  U.S. Dept. of            A total of 95 USDA       Unknown.
                                        Agriculture              computers were lost or
                                        (Washington, D.C.).      stolen between Oct. 1,
                                                                 2005, and May 31,
                                                                 2006. Some may have
                                                                 contained personal
                                                                 information such as
                                                                 names, addresses,
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers and payment
                                                                 information. Two-
                                                                 thirds of the
                                                                 computers contained
                                                                 unencrypted data.
Mar. 14, 2007........................  Wellpoint's Empire Blue  An unencrypted disc      75,000
                                        Cross and Blue Shield    containing patient's
                                        unit in NY               names, Social Security
                                        (Indianapolis, IN) 800-  numbers, health plan
                                        293-3443.                identification numbers
                                                                 and description of
                                                                 medical services back
                                                                 to 2003 was lost en
                                                                 route to a
                                                                 subcontractor.
                                                                UPDATE (3/14/07): The
                                                                 subcontrator reported
                                                                 that the CD that was
                                                                 reported missing on
                                                                 Feb. 9 has been found.
Mar. 16, 2007........................  Ohio State Auditor       A laptop containing      1,950
                                        (Springfield, OH)        personal information
                                        www.spr.k12.oh.us        of current and former
                                        Click on Notification    employees of
                                        of Data Theft.           Springfield City
                                                                 Schools including
                                                                 their names and Social
                                                                 Security numbers was
                                                                 stolen from a state
                                                                 auditor employee's
                                                                 vehicle while parked
                                                                 at home in a garage.
Mar. 19, 2007........................  Science Applications     Barrels filled with      Unknown.
                                        International Corp.      thousands of sensitive
                                        (SAIC) (Boise, ID).      documents including
                                                                 printed copies of e-
                                                                 mail and performance
                                                                 evaluations along with
                                                                 documents marked
                                                                 ``internal use only--
                                                                 not for public
                                                                 release'' and ``for
                                                                 official use only''
                                                                 were found on the curb
                                                                 outside of SAIC's
                                                                 local office.
Mar. 20, 2007........................  Health Resources, Inc.   From Jan 24, 2007 to     2,031
                                        (Evansville, IN).        Feb 6, 2007, a Web
                                                                 site glitch allowed
                                                                 employers with access
                                                                 to private health
                                                                 information to obtain
                                                                 the name, address,
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 number, dependent
                                                                 names and birthdates
                                                                 of other patients.
Mar. 20, 2007........................  Tax Service Plus (Santa  Thieves stole the        4,000
                                        Rosa, CA).               company's backup
                                                                 computer, which
                                                                 contained financial
                                                                 data on thousands of
                                                                 tax returns dating
                                                                 back three years.
Mar. 23, 2007........................  Group Health             Two laptops containing   31,000
                                        Cooperative Health       names, addresses,
                                        Care System (Seattle,    Social Security
                                        WA).                     numbers and Group
                                                                 Health ID numbers of
                                                                 local patients and
                                                                 employees have been
                                                                 reported missing.
Mar. 23, 2007........................  Swedish Urology Group    Three computer hard      ``hundreds''.
                                        (Seattle, WA).           drives with personal
                                                                 files on hundreds of
                                                                 local patients
                                                                 including was stolen.
Mar. 26, 2007........................  Fort Monroe (Fort        A laptop computer        16,000
                                        Monroe, VA).             containing the names,
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers and payroll
                                                                 information for as
                                                                 many as 16,000
                                                                 civilian employees was
                                                                 stolen from an
                                                                 employee's personal
                                                                 vehicle. Bank account
                                                                 and bank routing
                                                                 information were not
                                                                 included.
Mar. 27, 2007........................  St. Mary Parish          Personal information     380
                                        (Centerville, LA).       including Social
                                                                 Security numbers of
                                                                 St. Mary Parish public
                                                                 school employees was
                                                                 available on the
                                                                 Internet when a
                                                                 Yahoo!Web crawler
                                                                 infiltrated the server
                                                                 of the school's
                                                                 technology department.
Mar. 28, 2007........................  RadioShack (Portland,    20 boxes of discarded    Unknown.
                                        TX).                     records including
                                                                 sales receipts with
                                                                 credit card numbers
                                                                 spanning from 2001 to
                                                                 2005 and personal
                                                                 information of store
                                                                 employees were found
                                                                 in a dumpster.
                                                                UPDATE (04/03/07): The
                                                                 Texas Attorney
                                                                 General's Office filed
                                                                 an action against the
                                                                 Radio Shack store for
                                                                 violating the state's
                                                                 2005 Identity Theft
                                                                 Enforcement and
                                                                 Protection Act.
Mar. 28, 2007........................  TJX Companies--TJ Maxx   See initial Jan. 17,     See 1/17/07 posting.
                                        and Marshalls.           2007 posting for
                                                                 updated numbers and
                                                                 summary of breach
                                                                 information--45.7
                                                                 million credit and
                                                                 debit card numbers and
                                                                 455,000 customer
                                                                 return records.
Mar. 30 2007.........................  Los Angeles County       Three laptops            243,000
                                        Child Support Services   containing personal
                                        (Los Angeles, CA).       information including
                                                                 about 130,500 Social
                                                                 Security numbers--most
                                                                 without names, 12,000
                                                                 individuals' names and
                                                                 addresses, and more
                                                                 than 101,000 child
                                                                 support case numbers
                                                                 were apparently stolen
                                                                 from the department's
                                                                 office.
Mar. 30, 2007........................  Naval Station San        Three laptops were       Unknown.
                                        Diego's Navy College     reported missing that
                                        Office (San Diego, CA)   may contain Sailors'
                                        (866) U-ASK-NPC.         names, rates and
                                       [email protected]       ratings, Social
                                                                 Security numbers, and
                                                                 college course
                                                                 information. The
                                                                 compromise could
                                                                 impact Sailors and
                                                                 former Sailors
                                                                 homeported on San
                                                                 Diego ships from
                                                                 January 2003 to
                                                                 October 2005 and who
                                                                 were enrolled in the
                                                                 Navy College Program
                                                                 for Afloat College
                                                                 Education.
Mar. 30, 2007........................  Univ. of Montana--       A computer disk          400
                                        Western (Dillon, MT).    containing students'
                                                                 Social Security
                                                                 numbers, names, birth
                                                                 dates, addresses and
                                                                 other personal
                                                                 information was stolen
                                                                 from a professor's
                                                                 office. The stolen
                                                                 information belonged
                                                                 to students enrolled
                                                                 in the TRIO Student
                                                                 Support Services
                                                                 program, which offers
                                                                 financial and personal
                                                                 counseling and other
                                                                 assistance.
Apr. 4, 2007.........................  UC San Francisco (San    An unauthorized party    46,000
                                        Francisco, CA) (415)     may have accesed the
                                        353-8100)                personal information
                                        [email protected]       including names,
                                        http://oaais.ucsf.edu/   Social Security
                                        notice.                  numbers, and bank
                                                                 account numbers of
                                                                 students, faculty, and
                                                                 staff associated with
                                                                 UCSF or UCSF Medical
                                                                 Center over the past
                                                                 two years by
                                                                 compromising the
                                                                 security of a campus
                                                                 server.
Apr. 5, 2007.........................  DCH Health Systems       An encrypted disc and    6,000
                                        (Tuscaloosa, AL).        hardcopy documents
                                                                 containing retirement
                                                                 benefit information
                                                                 including Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 other personal
                                                                 information were lost.
                                                                 Tracking data
                                                                 indicates the package
                                                                 was delivered to the
                                                                 addressee's building,
                                                                 but the intended
                                                                 recipient never
                                                                 received the package.
Apr. 5, 2007.........................  Security Title Agency    Hackers defamed the      Unknown.
                                        (Phoenix, AZ).           company's Web site and
                                                                 may have accessed
                                                                 customer information
                                                                 which is stored on the
                                                                 same server as the
                                                                 site.
Apr. 6, 2007.........................  Hortica (Edwardsville,   A locked shipping case   Unknown.
                                        IL) (800) 851-7740       of backup tapes
                                        securedata@hortica-      containing personal
                                        insurance.com.           information including
                                                                 names, Social Security
                                                                 numbers, drivers'
                                                                 license numbers, and
                                                                 bank account numbers
                                                                 is missing.
Apr. 6, 2007.........................  Chicago Public Schools   Two laptop computers     40,000
                                        (Chicago, IL) (773)      contain the names and
                                        553-1142.                Social Security
                                                                 numbers of current and
                                                                 former employees was
                                                                 stolen from Chicago
                                                                 Public Schools
                                                                 headquarters.
Apr. 9, 2007.........................  Turbo Tax..............  Using Turbo Tax online   Unknown.
                                                                 to access previous
                                                                 returns, a Nebraska
                                                                 woman was able to
                                                                 access tax returns for
                                                                 other Turbo Tax
                                                                 customers in different
                                                                 parts of the country.
                                                                 The returns contained
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 needed to e-file
                                                                 including bank account
                                                                 numbers with routing
                                                                 digits and Social
                                                                 Security numbers.
Apr. 10, 2007........................  Georgia Dept. of         A computer disk          2,900,000
                                        Community Health         containing personal
                                        (Atlanta, GA) (866)      information including
                                        213-3969.                addresses, birthdates,
                                                                 dates of eligibility,
                                                                 full names, Medicaid
                                                                 or children's health
                                                                 care recipient
                                                                 identification
                                                                 numbers, and Social
                                                                 Security numbers went
                                                                 missing from a private
                                                                 vendor, Affiliated
                                                                 Computer Services
                                                                 (ACS), contracted to
                                                                 handle health care
                                                                 claims for the state.
Apr. 11, 2007........................  New Horizons Community   A laptop computer that   9,000
                                        Credit Union (Denver,    contained personal
                                        CO).                     information of members
                                                                 who had loans with the
                                                                 credit union was
                                                                 stolen from Protiviti,
                                                                 a consultant employed
                                                                 by Bellco Credit Union
                                                                 conducting due
                                                                 diligence to prepare a
                                                                 possible acquisition
                                                                 bid.
Apr. 11, 2007........................  ChildNet (Ft.            An organization          12,000
                                        Lauderdale, FL).         responsible for
                                                                 managing Broward
                                                                 County's child welfare
                                                                 system believe a
                                                                 dishonest former
                                                                 employee stole a
                                                                 laptop from the
                                                                 agency's office. It
                                                                 contains personal
                                                                 information of
                                                                 adoptive and foster-
                                                                 care parents including
                                                                 financial and credit
                                                                 data, Social Security
                                                                 numbers, driver's
                                                                 license data and
                                                                 passport numbers.
Apr. 11, 2007........................  Black Hills State Univ.  Names and Social         56
                                        (Spearfish, SD) (605)    Security numbers of
                                        642-6215.                scholarship winners
                                                                 were inadvertently
                                                                 posted and publicly
                                                                 available on the
                                                                 university's web site.
Apr. 12, 2007........................  Bank of America          A laptop containing      ``limited'' number of
                                        (Charlotte, NC).         personal information     people.
                                                                 of current, former and
                                                                 retired employees
                                                                 including names,
                                                                 addresses, dates of
                                                                 birth and Social
                                                                 Security numbers was
                                                                 stolen when an
                                                                 employee was a
                                                                 ``victim of a recent
                                                                 break-in.''.
Apr. 12, 2007........................  Univ. of Pittsburgh,     Personal information     88
                                        Med. Center              including names,
                                        (Pittsburgh, PA).        Social Security
                                                                 numbers, and radiology
                                                                 images of patients
                                                                 were previously
                                                                 included in two
                                                                 medical symposium
                                                                 presentations that
                                                                 were posted on UPMC's
                                                                 Web site. Though the
                                                                 presentation was later
                                                                 removed in 2005, the
                                                                 presentations were
                                                                 apparently
                                                                 inadvertently re-
                                                                 posted on the site and
                                                                 only recently removed
                                                                 again.
Apr. 12, 2007........................  GA Secretary of State    30 boxes of Fulton       75,000
                                        (Atlanta, GA).           County voter
                                                                 registration cards
                                                                 that contain names,
                                                                 addresses and Social
                                                                 Security numbers were
                                                                 found in a trash bin.
Apr. 15, 2007........................  CVS Pharmacy (Liberty,   The Attorney General of  ``hundreds''.
                                        TX).                     Texas filed a
                                                                 complaint against CVS
                                                                 Pharmacy for illegally
                                                                 disposing of personal
                                                                 information including
                                                                 active debit and
                                                                 credit card numbers,
                                                                 complete with
                                                                 expiration dates and
                                                                 medical prescription
                                                                 forms with customer's
                                                                 name, address, date of
                                                                 birth, issuing
                                                                 physician and the
                                                                 types of medication
                                                                 prescribed. The
                                                                 information was found
                                                                 in a dumpster behind a
                                                                 store that apparently
                                                                 was being vacated.
Apr. 18, 2007........................  Ohio State Univ.         A hacker accessed the    17,500
                                        (Columbus, OH).          names, Social Security
                                                                 numbers, employee ID
                                                                 numbers and birth
                                                                 dates of 14,000
                                                                 current and former
                                                                 staff members. In a
                                                                 separate incident, the
                                                                 names, Social Security
                                                                 numbers and grades of
                                                                 3,500 former chemistry
                                                                 students were on class
                                                                 rosters housed on two
                                                                 laptop computers
                                                                 stolen from a
                                                                 professor's home in
                                                                 late February.
Apr. 18, 2007........................  Univ. of CA, San         A computer file server   3,000
                                        Francisco (San           containing names,
                                        Francisco, CA) (866)     contact information,
                                        485-8777 www.ucsf.edu/   and Social Security
                                        alert.                   numbers for study
                                                                 subjects and potential
                                                                 study subjects related
                                                                 to studies on causes
                                                                 and cures for
                                                                 different types of
                                                                 cancer was stolen from
                                                                 a locked UCSF office.
                                                                 For some individuals,
                                                                 the files also
                                                                 included personal
                                                                 health information.
Apr. 19, 2007........................  New Mexico State Univ.   The names and Social     5,600
                                        (Las Cruces, NM).        Security numbers of
                                                                 students who
                                                                 registered online to
                                                                 attend their
                                                                 commencement
                                                                 ceremonies from 2003
                                                                 to 2005 were
                                                                 accidentally posted on
                                                                 the school's Web site
                                                                 when an automated
                                                                 program moved what was
                                                                 supposed to be a
                                                                 private file into a
                                                                 public section of the
                                                                 Web site.
Apr. 20, 2007........................  Los Alamos National      The names and Social     550
                                        Laboratory               Security numbers of
                                        (Alburquerque, NM).      lab workers were
                                                                 posted on a Web site
                                                                 run by a subcontractor
                                                                 working on a security
                                                                 system.
Apr. 20, 2007........................  U.S. Agriculture Dept.   The Social Security      37,000
                                        (Washington, DC).        numbers of people who
                                                                 received loans or
                                                                 other financial
                                                                 assistance from two
                                                                 Agriculture Department
                                                                 programs were
                                                                 disclosed since 1996
                                                                 in a publicly
                                                                 available database
                                                                 posted on the Internet.
Apr. 21, 2007........................  Albertsons (Save Mart    Credit and debit card    81
                                        Supermarkets)            numbers were stolen
                                        (Alameda, CA) (510)      using bogus checkout-
                                        337-8340.                line card readers
                                                                 resulting in card
                                                                 numbers processed at
                                                                 those terminals being
                                                                 captured and some to
                                                                 be misused.
Apr. 23, 2007........................  Fed. Emergency           Social Security numbers  2,300
                                        Management Agency        of Disaster Assistance
                                        (FEMA) (Washington,      Employees were printed
                                        DC).                     on the outside address
                                                                 labels of
                                                                 reappointment letters.
Apr. 24, 2007........................  Purdue Univ. (West       Personal information     175
                                        Lafayette, IN) (866)     including names and
                                        307-8513.                Social Security
                                                                 numbers of students
                                                                 who were enrolled in a
                                                                 freshman engineering
                                                                 honors course was on a
                                                                 computer server
                                                                 connected to the
                                                                 Internet that had been
                                                                 indexed by Internet
                                                                 search engines and
                                                                 consequently was
                                                                 available to
                                                                 individuals searching
                                                                 the Web.
Apr. 24, 2007........................  Baltimore County Dept.   A laptop containing      6,000
                                        of Health (Baltimore,    personal information
                                        MD).                     including names, date
                                                                 of birth, Social
                                                                 Security numbers,
                                                                 telephone numbers and
                                                                 emergency contact
                                                                 information of
                                                                 patients who were seen
                                                                 at the clinic between
                                                                 Jan. 1, 2004 and April
                                                                 12 was stolen.
Apr. 25, 2007........................  Neiman Marcus Group      Computer equipment in    160,000
                                        (Dallas, TX) (800) 456-  the possession of a
                                        7019.                    pension consultant
                                                                 containing files with
                                                                 sensitive information
                                                                 including name,
                                                                 address, Social
                                                                 Security number, date
                                                                 of birth, period of
                                                                 employment and salary
                                                                 information of Neiman
                                                                 Marcus Group's current
                                                                 and former employees
                                                                 and their spouses was
                                                                 stolen.
Apr. 26, 2007........................  Ceridian Corp.           A former employee had    150
                                        (Minneapolis, MN).       data containing the
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 of employees including
                                                                 ``ID'' and bank-
                                                                 account data and then,
                                                                 accidentally posted it
                                                                 on a personal Web site.
Apr. 27, 2007........................  Google Ads (Mountain     Top sponsored Google     Unknown.
                                        View, CA).               ads linked to 20
                                                                 popular search terms
                                                                 were found to install
                                                                 a malware program on
                                                                 users' computers to
                                                                 capture personal
                                                                 information and used
                                                                 to access online
                                                                 accounts for 100
                                                                 different banks.
Apr. 27, 2007........................  Caterpillar, Inc.        A laptop computer        Unknown.
                                        (Peoria, IL).            containing personal
                                                                 data of employees
                                                                 including Social
                                                                 Security numbers,
                                                                 banking information
                                                                 and addresses was
                                                                 stolen from a benefits
                                                                 consultant that works
                                                                 with the company.
Apr. 28, 2007........................  Couriers on Demand       Personal information of  ``Hundreds''.
                                        (Dallas, TX).            job applicants was
                                                                 accidentally published
                                                                 to the Internet.
Apr. 29, 2007........................  Univ. of New Mexico      Employees' personal      [3,000] (Not included
                                        (Alburquerque, NM).      information including    in Total below because
                                                                 names, e-mail and home   SSNs were apparently
                                                                 addresses, UNM ID        not compromised).
                                                                 numbers and net pay
                                                                 for a pay period for
                                                                 staff, faculty and a
                                                                 few graduate students
                                                                 may have been stored
                                                                 on a laptop computer
                                                                 stolen from the San
                                                                 Francisco office of an
                                                                 outside consultant
                                                                 working on UNM's human
                                                                 resource and payroll
                                                                 systems.
May 1, 2007..........................  Healing Hands            Medical records          ``Hundreds''.
                                        Chiropractic             containing the
                                        (Sterling, CO).          personal information
                                                                 of chiropractic
                                                                 patients including
                                                                 records, Social
                                                                 Security numbers,
                                                                 birth dates, addresses
                                                                 and, in some cases,
                                                                 credit card
                                                                 information wee thrown
                                                                 in a dumpster ``due to
                                                                 lack of office space''.
May 1, 2007..........................  J. P. Morgan (New York,  Documents containing     Unknown.
                                        NY).                     personal financial
                                                                 data of customers
                                                                 including names,
                                                                 addresses and Social
                                                                 Security numbers were
                                                                 found in garbage bags
                                                                 outside five branch
                                                                 offices in New York.
May 1, 2007..........................  Maine State Lottery      Documents containing     Unknown.
                                        Commission (Hallowell,   personal information
                                        ME).                     such as names, Social
                                                                 Security numbers,
                                                                 references to workers
                                                                 compensation claim
                                                                 records, psychiatric
                                                                 and other medical
                                                                 records, and police
                                                                 background checks were
                                                                 found in a dumpster.
May 1, 2007..........................  Champaign Police         The names and Social     139
                                        Officers (Champaign,     Security numbers of
                                        IL).                     Champaign police
                                                                 officers were left on
                                                                 a computer donated to
                                                                 charity.
May 1, 2007..........................  J. P. Morgan (Chicago,   A computer tape          47,000
                                        IL).                     containing personal
                                                                 information of wealthy
                                                                 bank clients and some
                                                                 employees was
                                                                 delivered to a secure
                                                                 off-site facility for
                                                                 storage but was later
                                                                 reported missing.
May 3, 2007..........................  Maryland Dept. of        Personal information of  1,433
                                        Natural Resources        current and retired
                                        (Annapolis, MD).         employees including
                                                                 names and Social
                                                                 Security numbers was
                                                                 downloaded to a
                                                                 ``thumb drive'' by an
                                                                 employee who wanted to
                                                                 work at home but was
                                                                 lost en route.
May 3, 2007..........................  Louisiana State Univ.,   A laptop stolen from a   750
                                        E.J. Ourso College of    faculty member's home
                                        Business (Baton Rogue,   contained personally
                                        LA).                     identifiable
                                                                 information including
                                                                 may have included
                                                                 students' Social
                                                                 Security numbers, full
                                                                 names and grades of
                                                                 University students.
May 3, 2007..........................  Montgomery College.....  A new employee posted    Unknown.
                                                                 the personal
                                                                 information of all
                                                                 graduating seniors
                                                                 including names,
                                                                 addresses and Social
                                                                 Security numbers on a
                                                                 computer drive that is
                                                                 publicly accessible on
                                                                 all campus computers.
May 5, 2007..........................  Transportation Security  A computer hard drive    100,000
                                        Administration.          containing payroll
                                                                 data from January 2002
                                                                 to August 2005
                                                                 including employee
                                                                 names, Social Security
                                                                 numbers, birth dates,
                                                                 bank account and
                                                                 routing information of
                                                                 current and former
                                                                 workers including
                                                                 airport security
                                                                 officers and federal
                                                                 air marshals was
                                                                 stolen.
                                                                UPDATE (5/14/07); The
                                                                 American Federation of
                                                                 Government Employees
                                                                 is suing the TSA for
                                                                 the loss of the hard
                                                                 drive. It calls the
                                                                 breach a violation of
                                                                 the Privacy Act.
May 7, 2007..........................  Indiana Dept. of         An employee uploaded a   ``dozens'' to ``no more
                                        Administration           list of certified        than a couple
                                        (Indianapolis, IN).      women and minority       hundred''.
                                                                 business enterprises
                                                                 to the department's
                                                                 Web site and
                                                                 inadvertently included
                                                                 their tax
                                                                 identification
                                                                 numbers, which for
                                                                 some businesses and
                                                                 sole proprietorships
                                                                 is the owner's Social
                                                                 Security number.
May 8, 2007..........................  TX Health and Human      Computer tapes           ``millions''.
                                        Services Commission      containing employment
                                        (Austin, TX).            information used to
                                                                 verify Medicaid claims
                                                                 including Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 wages were missing for
                                                                 more than two weeks
                                                                 before being found.
May 8, 2007..........................  Univ. of Missouri        A hacker accessed a      22,396
                                        (Columbia, MO) (866)     computer database
                                        241-5619.                containing the names
                                                                 and Social Security
                                                                 numbers of employees
                                                                 of any campus within
                                                                 the University system
                                                                 in 2004 who were also
                                                                 current or former
                                                                 students of the
                                                                 Columbia campus.
May 11, 2007.........................  Univ. Calif. Irvine      About 1,600 file boxes   287
                                        Medical Center           stored in an off-site
                                        (Irvine, CA).            university warehouse
                                                                 were discovered
                                                                 missing. Some of the
                                                                 files included
                                                                 patients' names,
                                                                 addresses, Social
                                                                 Security numbers and
                                                                 medical record numbers.
May 11, 2007.........................  Highland Hospital        Two laptop computers,    13,000
                                        (Rochester, NY)          one containing patient
                                        HighlandHospitalAdmin@   information including
                                        urmc.rochester.edu       Social Security
                                        (866) 917-5034.          numbers, were stolen
                                                                 from a business
                                                                 office. The computers
                                                                 were sold on eBay, and
                                                                 the one containing
                                                                 personal information
                                                                 was recovered.
May 12, 2007.........................  Goshen College (Goshen,  A hacker accessed a      7,300
                                        IN) [email protected]      college computer that
                                        (866) 877-3055.          contained the names,
                                                                 addresses, birth
                                                                 dates, Social Security
                                                                 numbers and phone
                                                                 numbers of students
                                                                 and information on
                                                                 some parents with the
                                                                 suspected motivation
                                                                 of using the system to
                                                                 send spam e-mails.
May 12, 2007.........................  Doctor and dentist       A local TV news          Unknown.
                                        (Leon Valley, TX).       reporter exposed that
                                                                 a medical office
                                                                 disposed of patient
                                                                 records without
                                                                 shredding them.
                                                                 Included were SSNs and
                                                                 dates of birth, as
                                                                 well as medical
                                                                 information.
May 14, 2007.........................  Community College of     A virus attacked a       197,000
                                        Southern Nevada (North   computer server and
                                        Las Vegas, NV).          could have allowed a
                                                                 hacker to access
                                                                 students' personal
                                                                 information including
                                                                 names, Social Security
                                                                 numbers and dates of
                                                                 birth, but the school
                                                                 is not certain whether
                                                                 anything was actually
                                                                 stolen from the
                                                                 school's computer
                                                                 system.
May 15, 2007.........................  IBM (Armonk, NY).......  An unnamed IBM vendor    Unknown.
                                                                 lost computer tapes
                                                                 containing information
                                                                 on IBM employees--
                                                                 mostly ex-workers--
                                                                 including SSNs, dates
                                                                 of birth, and
                                                                 addresses. They went
                                                                 missing in transit
                                                                 from a contractor's
                                                                 vehicle.
May 17, 2007.........................  Detroit Water and        A laptop containing      3,000 (not included in
                                        Sewerage Department      City employee            Total below because it
                                        (Detroit, MI).           information was stolen   is not known if the
                                                                 from the vehicle of an   data included SSNs).
                                                                 insurance company
                                                                 employee.
May 17, 2007.........................  Georgia Div. of Public   The GA Dept. of Human    140,000
                                        Health (statewide).      Resources notified
                                                                 parents of infants
                                                                 born between 4/1/06
                                                                 and 3/16/07 that paper
                                                                 records containing
                                                                 parents' SSNs and
                                                                 medical histories--but
                                                                 not names or
                                                                 addresses--were
                                                                 discarded without
                                                                 shredding.
May 18, 2007.........................  Alcatel-Lucent (Murray   The telecom and          Unknown.
                                        Hill, NJ).               networking equipment
                                                                 maker notified
                                                                 employees that a
                                                                 computer disk
                                                                 containing personal
                                                                 information was lost
                                                                 in transit to Aon
                                                                 Corp., another vendor.
                                                                 It contained names,
                                                                 addresses, SSNs, birth
                                                                 dates, and salary
                                                                 information of current
                                                                 and former employees.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total number of records containing sensitive personal information involved in security   154,329,881
 breaches.
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