Page 2 of 20 

I. In vitro and In vivo Laboratory Studies 

For the July SAP meeting, the Agency’s scientific review of atrazine experimental 

toxicology studies involves the following: 1) development of the mammary gland and 2) 

relevant literature studies published from July 15, 2010 to the present using the same 

search strategy as for the September SAP. Some new studies were identified from the 

open literature. Other new experimental toxicology data come from EPA’s laboratories 

and new studies submitted by Syngenta Crop Protection. The data from EPA’s Office of 

Research and Development includes luteinizing hormone data following 1- to 4-day 

atrazine exposures , the effects of atrazine following gestational exposures, and the 

effects of atrazine on steroidogenesis. In total, EPA has evaluated more than 15 new 

experimental toxicology studies for this upcoming SAP meeting. A list of these and other 

relevant references is attached (Attachment 1). 

II. Cancer Epidemiology Studies 

For the July 2011 FIFRA SAP, cancer-related epidemiology studies are being 

considered. To identify the epidemiological investigations of the association between 

atrazine exposure and carcinogenic effects, EPA searched major biomedical databases, 

performed citation mapping, and hand-searched selected reference lists of pertinent 

articles. Approximately 50 epidemiology studies were identified on potential 

carcinogenic effects of atrazine exposure. The Agency is including these in the July 

SAP review. An updated epidemiological study of specific cancer types among 

atrazine-exposed pesticide applicators from the National Cancer Institute’s Agricultural 

Health Study is anticipated to be published in spring 2011 and will also be part of this 

review. A bibliography of these references is provided in Attachment 2. 

III. Water Monitoring/Modeling Studies 

Attachment 3 provides a list of relevant references related to water 

monitoring/modeling. This list contains all of the previously cited references, which are 

still relevant, in addition to sources mentioned by the September 2010 SAP either in 

their remarks or in their written report. Certain articles have also been added that have 

general relevance to or show specific applications of topics addressed at the September 

2010 Meeting. Since potential directions for next steps will be discussed at the July 

Meeting, citing these sources was deemed to be more important than an exhaustive 

search of the literature for this current bibliography. 

 
Page 3 of 20 

IV. Exposure White Paper Studies 

At the February, 2010 SAP, the Agency presented a proposed plan for a 

collaborative project with investigators from the AHS to evaluate approaches for 

estimating exposure to pesticide applicators. At the July, 2011 meeting, the Agency will 

discuss the status of the collaborative project (which includes a case study involving 

atrazine) and solicit comment from the Panel on the overall direction of the project and 

the methods development aspects of this effort. The references related to this project 

are provided in Attachment 4. This project is part of a larger effort by OPP to improve 

the incorporation of epidemiology in human health risk assessment. The feedback from 

the SAP may not be used for atrazine risk assessment per se but will inform EPA’s 

continued efforts to improve risk assessment approaches and methodologies. 

 
Page 4 of 20 

Attachment 1: In vitro and In vivo Experimental Toxicology 

1. Andre LeBlanc, L. S. (2011). Atrazine Metabolite Screening in Human 

Microsomes: Detection of Novel Reactive Metabolites and Glutathione Adducts 

by LC-MS. Chemical Research in Toxicology. 24, 329-339. 

2. Bardullas, U., Giordano, M., Rodríguez, V.M. (2010). Chronic atrazine exposure 

causes disruption of the spontaneous locomotor activity and alters the striatal 

dopaminergic system of the male Sprague-Dawley rat. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 

2010 doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2010.09.001. 

3. Belloni, V., Dessì-Fulgheri, F., Zaccaroni, M., Di Consiglio, E., De Angelis, G., 

Testai, E., Santochirico, M., Alleva, E., Santucci, D. (2010). Early exposure to low 

doses of atrazine affects behavior in juvenile and adult CD1 mice. Toxicology. 

2010 doi:10.1016/j.tox.2010.07.002 

4. Campbell, J., Anderson, M., Clewell, H. (2011). PBPK model for atrazine and 

chlorinated metabolites. Sponsor: Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC. 

5. Coder, P. (2011a). A Study of the Effects of Short-Term Atrazine Exposure on 

the Estrogen-Induced Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Surge in Ovariectomized YoungAdult Sprague-Dawley Female Rats. Unpublished study from Syngenta Crop 

Protection, Inc. Report Number WIL-639091. MRID 48470002 

6. Coder, P. (2011b). An Oral (Gavage and Dietary) Study Evaluating the 

Pharmacokinetics of Atrazine in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats: Final Report. 

Project Number: WIL-0639081, TK0033836. Unpublished study prepared by WIL 

Research Laboratories, Inc. MRID 48373101 

7. Coder, P. (2011c). An Oral (Gavage and Dietary) Study of the Effects of Atrazine 

on the Spontaneous Luteinizing Hormone Surge in Female Sprague-Dawley 

Rats. Unpublished study from Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. Report Number 

WIL-639080. 

8. Coder, P. (2011d). An Oral (Gavage and Dietary) Study of the Effects of Atrazine 

on Fertility and Reproductive Performance in Female Long Evans and SpragueDawley Rats. Unpublished study from Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. Report 

Number WIL-639090. MRID 48470001 

9. Coder, P. (2011e). An Oral (Gavage) Study of the Effects of Atrazine on the 

Estrous Cycle and the Estrogen-Induced Luteinizing Hormone Surge in Female 

Rats: Final Report. Project Number: WIL-639060, TK0023168. Unpublished 

study prepared by WIL Research Laboratories, Inc. MRID 48381001 
Page 5 of 20 

10. Davidson, I. (1987) Metabolism and Kinetics of Atrazine in Man: Lab Project 

Number: 101947. Unpublished study prepared by Bowman School of Medicine. 

MRID 43598603 

11. Davis, L.K., Nurr, A.S., Best, D.S., Fraites, M.J.P., Zorrilla, L.M., Narotsky, M.G., 

Stoker, T.E., Goldman, J.M., and Cooper, R.L. (2011). The Effects of Prenatal 

Exposure to Atrazine on Pubertal and Postnatal Reproductive Indices in the 

Female Rat. 

12. FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel (FIFRA SAP). (2010a). A Set of Scientific Issues 

Being Considered by the Environmental Protection Agency Regarding: ReEvaluation of Human Health Effects of Atrazine: Review of Experimental Animal 

and In Vitro Studies and Drinking Water Monitoring Frequency, FIFRA Office of 

Science Coordination and Policy, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic 

Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available at: 

http://www.epa.gov/scipoly/sap/meetings/2010/042610meeting.html SAP Minutes 

No. 2010-04. 

13. FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel (FIFRA SAP). (2010b). A Set of Scientific Issues 

Being Considered by the Environmental Protection Agency Regarding: ReEvaluation of Human Health Effects of Atrazine: Review of Non-cancer Effects 

and Drinking Water Monitoring Frequency, FIFRA Office of Science Coordination 

and Policy, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency. Available at: 

http://www.epa.gov/scipoly/sap/meetings/2010/042610meeting.html SAP Minutes 

No. 2010-07. 

14. Fraites, M.J.P., Narotsky, M.G., Best, D.S., Stoker, T.E., Davis, L.K., Goldman, 

J.M., Hotchkiss, M.G., Klinefelter, G.R., Kamel, A., Qian, Y., Podhorniak, L., 

Cooper, R.L. (2011). Gestational Atrazine Exposure Effects on Male 

Reproductive Development and Metabolite Distribution in the Dam, Fetus, and 

Neonate. 

15. Goldman, J., Davis, L., Murr, A., Cooper, R.L. (2011) The Influence of 1, 2, and 4 

Days of Atrazine Treatments on the LH Surge in Ovariectomized / Estradiolprimed Rats: Preliminary Report to the Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution 

Prevention. Internal ORD report to OCSPP. 

16. Hovey, R.C., Coder, P.S., Wolf, J.C., Sielken, R.L. Jr., Tisdel, M.O., 

Breckenridge, CB. (2011). Quantitative assessment of mammary gland 

development in female Long Evans rats following in utero exposure to atrazine. 

Toxicol. Sci. 119(2), 380-390. 

17. Hyun Joo, K.C., and Hodgson, E. (2010). Human metabolism of atrazine. 

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology. 98, 73-79. 
Page 6 of 20 

18. McMullin, T.S., Brzezicki, J.M., Cranmer, B.K., Tessari, J.D., and Andersen, M. 

E. (2003). Pharmacokinetic modeling of disposition and time-course studies with 

[14C] atrazine. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 66, 941-964. 

19. McMullin, T.S., Hanneman, W.H., Cranmer, B.K., Tessari, J.D., and Andersen, 

M.E. (2007). Oral absorption and oxidative metabolism of atrazine in rats 

evaluated by physiological modeling approaches. Toxicology. 240, 1-14. 

20. Paul, H., Dunsire, J., Hedley, D. (1998). The Absorption, Distribution, 

Degradation and Excretion of (U-carbon 14) Trizine G 30027 in the Rat: Lab 

Project Number: 9523: 523-92: 153138. Unpublished study prepared by Inveresk 

Research International. MRID 44713802 

21. Pogrmic-Majkic, K., Fa, S., Dakic, V., Kaisarevic, S., Kovacevic, R. (2010). 

Upregulation of peripubertal rat Leydig cell steroidogenesis following 24 h in vitro 

and in vivo exposure to atrazine. Toxicol Sci. 118(1), 52-60. 

22. Simoneaux, B. (1985) Metabolism of [Carbon 14]-Atrazine in Orally Dosed Rats: 

(General Metabolism): Laboratory Study No.: ABR- 85104. Unpublished study 

prepared by Ciba-Geigy Corp. MRID 40431309 

23. Stanko, J., Enoch, R., Rayner, J., Davis, C., Wolf, D., Malarkey, D., and Fenton, 

S. (2010). Effects of Prenatal Exposure to a Low Dose Atrazine Metabolite 

Mixture on Pubertal Timing and Prostate Development of Male Long Evans Rats. 

Reproductive Toxicology 30, 540-549. 

24. Thede, B. (1987). Study of [Carbon 14]-Atrazine Dose/Response Rela- tionship 

in the Rat: (General Metabolism): Laboratory Study No. ABR-87087. 

Unpublished study prepared by Ciba-Geigy Corp. MRID 40431305 

25. Thomas, J. (2011) In vitro Metabolism of Atrazine in Rat and Human 

Hepatocytes: Final Report. Project Number: 639084, TK0042000. Unpublished 

study prepared by WIL Research Laboratories, Inc. MRID 48373102 

26. Timchalk, C., Dryzga, M. D., Langvardt, P. W., Kastl, P. E., and Osborne, D. W. 

(1990) Determination of the effect of tridiphane on the pharmacokinetics of [14C]-

atrazine following oral administration to male Fischer 344 rats, Toxicology 61, 27-

40. 

27. Tinfo, N.S., Hotchkiss, M.G., Buckalew, A.R., Zorrilla, L.M., Cooper, R.L., Laws, 

S.C. (2011). Understanding the Effects of Atrazine on Steroidogenesis in Rat 

Granulosa and H295R Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma Cells. Reproductive 

Toxicology. 31, 184-193. 
Page 7 of 20 

28. Xiaoying Hui, R.C.W.a.H.I.M. (2011). Pharmacokinetics of [14C]-atrazine in 

rhesus monkeys, single-dose intravenous and oral administration, Toxicological 

and Enviromental Chemistry. 93, 370-382. 

29. Zhoumeng Lin, J.W.F., Ross, M.K., and Filipov, N.M. (2011). A physiologically 

based pharmacokinetic model for atrazine and its main metabolites in the adult 

male C57BL/6 mouse. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 251, 16-31. 

 
Page 8 of 20 

Attachment 2: Cancer Epidemiology 

1. Alavanja, M.C., Dosemeci, M., Samanic, C., Lubin, J., Lynch, C.F., Knott, C., et 

al. (2004). Pesticides and lung cancer risk in the agricultural health study cohort. 

Am J Epidemiol, 160(9), 876-885. 

2. Alavanja, M.C., Samanic, C., Dosemeci, M., Lubin, J., Tarone, R., Lynch, C.F., et 

al. (2003). Use of agricultural pesticides and prostate cancer risk in the 

Agricultural Health Study cohort. Am J Epidemiol, 157(9), 800-814. 

3. Andreotti, G., Freeman, L.E., Hou, L., Coble, J., Rusiecki, J., Hoppin, J.A., et al. 

(2009). Agricultural pesticide use and pancreatic cancer risk in the Agricultural 

Health Study Cohort. Int J Cancer, 124(10), 2495-2500. 

4. Baris, D., Zahm, S.H., Cantor, K.P., and Blair, A. (1998). Agricultural use of DDT 

and risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: pooled analysis of three case-control 

studies in the United States. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 55(8), 

522-527. 

5. Brown, L.M., Blair, A., Gibson, R., Everett, G.D., Cantor, K.P., Schuman, L. M., et 

al. (1990). Pesticide exposures and other agricultural risk factors for leukemia 

among men in Iowa and Minnesota. Cancer Res, 50(20), 6585-6591. 

6. Brown, L.M., Burmeister, L.F., Everett, G.D., and Blair, A. (1993). Pesticide 

exposures and multiple myeloma in Iowa men. Cancer Causes Control, 4(2), 

153-156. 

7. Burmeister, L.F. (1990). Cancer in Iowa farmers: recent results. Am J Ind Med, 

18(3), 295-301. 

8. Cantor, K.P., Blair, A., Everett, G., Gibson, R., Burmeister, L.F., Brown, L.M., et 

al. (1992). Pesticides and other agricultural risk factors for non-Hodgkin's 

lymphoma among men in Iowa and Minnesota. Cancer Res, 52(9), 2447-2455. 

9. Carreon, T., Butler, M.A., Ruder, A.M., Waters, M.A., Davis-King, K.E., Calvert, 

G.M., et al. (2005). Gliomas and farm pesticide exposure in women: The Upper 

Midwest Health Study. Environmental Health Perspectives. 113(5), 546-551. 

10. Clavel, J., Hemon, D., Mandereau, L., Delemotte, B., Severin, F., and Flandrin, 

G. (1996). Farming, pesticide use and hairy-cell leukemia. Scandinavian Journal 

of Work Environment & Health. 22(4), 285-293. 

11. De Roos, A., Zahm, S., Cantor, K., Weisenburger, D., Holmes, F., Burmeister, L., 

et al. (2003). Integrative assessment of multiple pesticides as risk factors for nonHodgkin's lymphoma among men. Occup Environ Med. 60(9), E11. 
Page 9 of 20 

12. Delancey, J., Alavanja, M., Coble, J., Blair, A., Hoppin, J., Austin, H., et al. 

(2009). Occupational exposure to metribuzin and the incidence of cancer in the 

Agricultural Health Study. Ann Epidemiol. 19(6), 388-395. 

13. Dennis, L.K., Lynch, C.F., Sandler, D.P., and Alavanja, M.C. (2010). Pesticide 

use and cutaneous melanoma in pesticide applicators in the agricultural heath 

study. Environ Health Perspect. 118(6), 812-817. 

14. Donna, A., Crosignani, P., Robutti, F., Betta, P., Bocca, R., Mariani, N., et al. 

(1989). Triazine herbicides and ovarian epithelial neoplasms. Scand J Work 

Environ Health. 15(1), 47-53. 

15. Engel, L.S., Hill, D.A., Hoppin, J.A., Lubin, J.H., Lynch, C.F., Pierce, J., et al. 

(2005). Pesticide use and breast cancer risk among farmers' wives in the 

agricultural health study. Am J Epidemiol. 161(2), 121-135. 

16. Hessel, P., Kalmes, R., Smith, T., Lau, E., Mink, P., and Mandel, J. (2004). A 

nested case-control study of prostate cancer and atrazine exposure. J Occup 

Environ Med. 46(4), 379-385. 

17. Hoar, S.K., Blair, A., Holmes, F.F., Boysen, C., and Robel, R.J. (1985). 

Herbicides and colon cancer. Lancet. 1(8440), 1277-1278. 

18. Hoar, S.K., Blair, A., Holmes, F.F., Boysen, C.D., Robel, R.J., Hoover, R., et al. 

(1986). Agricultural herbicide use and risk of lymphoma and soft-tissue sarcoma. 

JAMA. 256(9), 1141-1147. 

19. Hoar Zahm, S., Weisenburger, D., Cantor, K., Holmes, F., and Blair, A. (1993). 

Role of the herbicide atrazine in the development of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 

Scand J Work Environ Health. 19(2), 108-114. 

20. Hopenhayn-Rich, C., Stump, M., and Browning, S. (2002). Regional assessment 

of atrazine exposure and incidence of breast and ovarian cancers in Kentucky. 

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 42(1), 127-136. 

21. Kettles, M.A., Browning, S.R., Prince, T.S., and Horstman, S.W. (1997). Triazine 

herbicide exposure and breast cancer incidence: An ecologic study of Kentucky 

counties. Environmental Health Perspectives. 105(11), 1222-1227. 

22. Landgren, O., Kyle, R.A., Hoppin, J.A., Beane Freeman, L.E., Cerhan, J.R., 

Katzmann, J.A., et al. (2009). Pesticide exposure and risk of monoclonal 

gammopathy of undetermined significance in the Agricultural Health Study. 

Blood. 113(25), 6386-6391. 

23. Lee, W.J., Sandler, D.P., Blair, A., Samanic, C., Cross, A.J., and Alavanja, M.C. 

(2007). Pesticide use and colorectal cancer risk in the Agricultural Health Study. 
Page 10 of 20 

Int J Cancer. 121(2), 339-346. 

24. Lynch, S., Rusiecki, J., Blair, A., Dosemeci, M., Lubin, J., Sandler, D., et al. 

(2006). Cancer incidence among pesticide applicators exposed to cyanazine in 

the agricultural health study. Environ Health Perspect. 114(8), 1248-1252. 

25. MacLennan, P., Delzell, E., Sathiakumar, N., and Myers, S. (2003). Mortality 

among triazine herbicide manufacturing workers. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 

66(6), 501-517. 

26. MacLennan, P.A., Delzell, E., Sathiakumar, N., Myers, S.L., Cheng, H., Grizzle, 

W., et al. (2002). Cancer incidence among triazine herbicide manufacturing 

workers. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 44(11), 1048-

1058. 

27. McElroy, J., Gangnon, R., Newcomb, P., Kanarek, M., Anderson, H., Brook, J., et 

al. (2007). Risk of breast cancer for women living in rural areas from adult 

exposure to atrazine from well water in Wisconsin. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 

17(2), 207-214. 

28. McElroy, J.A., Andersen, L.D., Trentham-Dietz, A., Kirby, R.S., Clayton, M.K., 

and Remington, P.L. (2001). Assigning atrazine exposure levels in a case-control 

study using spatial analysis of well water testing data. American Journal of 

Epidemiology. 153(11), 452. 

29. McElroy, J.A., Gangnon, R.E., Trentham-Dietz, A., Newcomb, P.A., and 

Remington, P.L. (2002). Using geostatistics to assess atrazine exposure in a 

population-based case control study of breast cancer. Epidemiology. 13(4), 727. 

30. Mills, P. (1998). Correlation analysis of pesticide use data and cancer incidence 

rates in California counties. Arch Environ Health. 53(6), 410-413. 

31. Mills, P., and Yang, R. (2006). Regression analysis of pesticide use and breast 

cancer incidence in California Latinas. J Environ Health. 68(6), 15-22; quiz 43-14. 

32. Mills, P. K., and Yang, R. (2003). Prostate cancer risk in California farm workers. 

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 45(3), 249-258. 

33. Mills, P. K., and Yang, R. C. (2007). Agricultural exposures and gastric cancer 

risk in Hispanic farm workers in California. Environ Res. 104(2), 282-289. 

34. Muir, K., Rattanamongkolgul, S., Smallman-Raynor, M., Thomas, M., Downer, S., 

and Jenkinson, C. (2004). Breast cancer incidence and its possible spatial 

association with pesticide application in two counties of England. Public Health. 

118(7), 513-520. 
Page 11 of 20 

35. Neuberger, J., Martin, J., Pierce, J., Mayo, M., and Jewell, W. (2004). Cancer 

cluster investigations: use of a hybrid approach in a rural county. J Public Health 

Manag Pract. 10(6), 524-532. 

36. Orsi, L., Delabre, L., Monnereau, A., Delval, P., Berthou, C., Fenaux, P., et al. 

(2009). Occupational exposure to pesticides and lymphoid neoplasms among 

men: results of a French case-control study. Occup Environ Med. 66(5), 291-298. 

37. Reynolds, P., Hurley, S.E., Goldberg, D.E., Yerabati, S., Gunier, R.B., Hertz, A., 

et al. (2004). Residential proximity to agricultural pesticide use and incidence of 

breast cancer in the California Teachers Study cohort. Environ Res. 96(2), 206-

218. 

38. Ruder, A.M., Waters, M.A., Butler, M.A., Carreón, T., Calvert, G.M., Davis-King, 

K.E., et al. (2004). Gliomas and farm pesticide exposure in men: the upper 

midwest health study. Arch Environ Health. 59(12), 650-657. 

39. Rull, R.P., Gunier, R., Von Behren, J., Hertz, A., Crouse, V., Buffler, P.A., et al. 

(2009). Residential proximity to agricultural pesticide applications and childhood 

acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Environmental Research. 109(7), 891-899. 

40. Rusiecki, J.A., De Roos, A., Lee, W.J., Dosemeci, M., Lubin, J.H., Hoppin, J.A., 

et al. (2004). Cancer incidence among pesticide applicators exposed to atrazine 

in the agricultural health study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 96(18), 

1375-1382. 

41. Sathiakumar, N., Delzell, E., and Cole, P. (1996). Mortality among workers at two 

triazine herbicide manufacturing plants. Am J Ind Med. 29(2), 143-151. 

42. Sathiakumar, N., MacLennan, P.A., Mandel, J., and Delzell, E. (2011). A review 

of epidemiologic studies of triazine herbicides and cancer. Crit Rev Toxicol. 41 

Suppl 1, 1-34. MRID 48470004 

43. Schroeder, J.C., Olshan, A.F., Baric, R., Dent, G.A., Weinberg, C.R., Yount, B., 

et al. (2001). Agricultural risk factors for t(14;18) subtypes of non-Hodgkiin's 

lymphoma. Epidemiology. 12(6), 701-709. 

44. Thorpe, N., and Shirmohammadi, A. (2005). Herbicides and nitrates in 

groundwater of Maryland and childhood cancers: a geographic information 

systems approach. J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 

23(2), 261-278. 

45. van Balen, E., Font, R., Cavallé, N., Font, L., Garcia-Villanueva, M., Benavente, 

Y., et al. (2006). Exposure to non-arsenic pesticides is associated with lymphoma 

among farmers in Spain. Occup Environ Med. 63(10), 663-668. 
Page 12 of 20 

46. Van Leeuwen, J., Waltner-Toews, D., Abernathy, T., Smit, B., and Shoukri, M. 

(1999). Associations between stomach cancer incidence and drinking water 

contamination with atrazine and nitrate in Ontario (Canada) agroecosystems, 

1987-1991. Int J Epidemiol. 28(5), 836-840. 

47. Weisenburger, D. (1990). Environmental epidemiology of non-Hodgkin's 

lymphoma in eastern Nebraska. Am J Ind Med. 18(3), 303-305. 

48. Young, H., Mills, P., Riordan, D., and Cress, R. (2005). Triazine herbicides and 

epithelial ovarian cancer risk in central California. J Occup Environ Med, 47(11), 

1148-1156. 

49. Zahm, S., and Blair, A. (1992). Pesticides and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Cancer 

Res, 52(19 Suppl), 5485s-5488s. 

50. Zahm, S.H., Weisenburger, D.D., Saal, R.C., Vaught, J.B., Babbitt, P.A., and 

Blair, A. (1993). The role of agricultural pesticide use in the development of nonHodgkin's lymphoma in women. Arch Environ Health. 48(5), 353-358. 
Page 13 of 20 

Attachment 3: Water Monitoring/Modeling 

1. Aspinall, R., and Pearson, D. (2000). Integrated geographical assessment of 

environmental condition in water catchments: Linking landscape ecology, 

environmental modeling, and GIS. Journal of Environmental Management. 59, 

299-319. 

2. Battaglin, W.A. and Goolsby, D.A. (1998). Regression models of herbicide 

concentrations in outflow from reservoirs in the Midwestern USA, 1992–1993. J 

Amer Water Res Assoc. 34, 1369–1390. 

3. Blomquist, J.D., Denis, J.M., Cowles, J.L., Hetrick, J.A., Jones, R.D., and 

Birchfield, N.B. (2001). Pesticides in Selected Water-Supply Reservoirs and 

Finished Drinking Water, 1999-2000: Summary of Results from a Pilot Monitoring 

Program. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 01-456. Published in 

cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 

4. Brown, L.C., and Berthouex, P.M. (2002). Statistics for Environmental 

Engineers. CRC Press. 

5. Coles, S. (2001). An Introduction to Statistical Modeling of Extreme Values. New 

York: Springer. 

6. Coupe, R.H., and Blomquist, J.D. (2004). Water-soluble pesticides in finished 

water of community water supplies. AWWA. 96(10), 56-68. 

7. Conover, W.J. (1980). Practical Nonparametric Statistics. New York: Wiley. 

8. Crawford, C.G. (2004). Sampling Strategies for Estimating Acute and Chronic 

Exposures of Pesticides in Streams. Journal of the American Water Resources 

Association (JAWRA). 40(2), 485-502. 

9. de Haan, L., and Ferreira, A. (2006). Extreme Value Theory: An Introduction. 

New York: Springer. 

10. Deutsch, C.V., and Journel, A.G. (1998). GSLIB: Geostatistical Software Library 

and User’s Guide. Second Edition. Oxford University Press (New York, Oxford). 

11. FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel (FIFRA SAP). (2009). A Set of Scientific Issues 

Being Considered by the Environmental Protection Agency Regarding: The 

Ecological Significance of Atrazine Effects on Primary Producers in Surface 

Water Streams in the Corn and Sorghum Growing Region of the United States 

(Part II). SAP Minutes No. 2009-06. May 12 – 14, 2009 FIFRA Scientific 

Advisory Panel. Document available at 

http://www.epa.gov/scipoly/sap/meetings/2009/051209meeting.html 
Page 14 of 20 

12. FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel (FIFRA SAP). (2010a). A Set of Scientific Issues 

Being Considered by the Environmental Protection Agency Regarding: ReEvaluation of Human Health Effects of Atrazine: Review of Experimental Animal 

and In Vitro Studies and Drinking Water Monitoring Frequency, FIFRA Office of 

Science Coordination and Policy, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic 

Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available at: 

http://www.epa.gov/scipoly/sap/meetings/2010/042610meeting.html SAP Minutes 

No. 2010-04. 

13. FIFRA Scientific Advisory Panel (FIFRA SAP). (2010b). A Set of Scientific Issues 

Being Considered by the Environmental Protection Agency Regarding: ReEvaluation of Human Health Effects of Atrazine: Review of Non-cancer Effects 

and Drinking Water Monitoring Frequency, FIFRA Office of Science Coordination 

and Policy, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency. Available at: 

http://www.epa.gov/scipoly/sap/meetings/2010/042610meeting.html SAP Minutes 

No. 2010-07. 

14. Gilbert, R.O. (1987). Statistical Methods for Environmental Pollution Monitoring. 

New York: Wiley & Sons. 

15. Gilliom, R.J., Barbash, J.E., Crawford, C.G., Hamilton, P.A., Martin, J.D., 

Nakagaki, N., Nowell, L.H., Scott, J.C., Stackelberg, P.E., Thelin, G.P., and 

Wolock, D.M. (2006). The quality of our Nation’s waters—Pesticides in the 

Nation’s streams and ground water, 1992–2001. U.S. Geological Survey Circular 

1291, 172 p. Available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2005/1291/pdf/circ1291.pdf 

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