<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=11" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" />

    <title>History of RMA | RMA</title>


    <!-- Google Tag Manager -->
    <script>
        (function (w, d, s, l, i) {
            w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({
                'gtm.start':
                    new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'
            }); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
                j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src =
                    'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f);
        })(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-MK9DSZ2');</script>
    <!-- End Google Tag Manager -->
    <!--link href="http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,400italic,600,600italic,700,700italic" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /-->
    <!-- Custom styles for this template -->
    <link href="/assets/css/jumbotron-narrow.css" rel="stylesheet" />

    <!-- HTML5 shim and Respond.js for IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries -->
    <!--[if lt IE 9]>
        <script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.2/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
        <script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script>
    <![endif]-->

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web_assets/assets/styles/modern.css?v=3" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.datatables.net/v/bs/dt-1.10.13/b-1.2.4/b-colvis-1.2.4/b-html5-1.2.4/b-print-1.2.4/fc-3.2.2/fh-3.1.2/kt-2.2.0/r-2.1.0/sc-1.4.2/se-1.2.0/datatables.min.css" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.datatables.net/plug-ins/1.10.15/integration/font-awesome/dataTables.fontAwesome.css" />

    <style>
        .dataTables_scrollHeadInner {
            width: 100% !important;
            padding: 0 !important;
        }
    </style>

</head>
<body>
    <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
    <noscript>
        <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MK9DSZ2" title="Google Tag Manager for Web Tracking"
                height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe>
    </noscript>
    <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) -->
    <!-- HEADER AREA -->
    <!-- BEGIN NOINDEX -->
    

<div class="container print-display-none">
    <div class="row header clearfix">

        <div class="col-sm-8 col-md-6 col-lg-5 logo">
            <a href="/">
                <div class="logoImage">
                    <!-- commented out while a/b testing different logos and backgrounds -->
                    <!-- @Editable(m => m.SiteLogo)-->
                </div>
                <div class="logoText">
                    <p>United States Department of Agriculture</p>
                    <p>Risk Management Agency</p>
                </div>
            </a>
        </div><!-- /logo -->
        <div class="col-sm-4 col-md-6 col-lg-7">
            <ul class="nav nav-pills navbar-right topnav">
                    <li>
                        
    <a href="/" target="" title="Home Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Home</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Home</span>
    </a>

                    </li>
                    <li>
                        
    <a href="/About-RMA" target="" title="About RMA Main Menu Link">
        <span>About RMA</span>
    </a>

                    </li>
                    <li>
                        
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Agent-Locator" target="" title="Find an Agent Main Menu Link">
        <span>Find an Agent</span>
    </a>

                    </li>
                    <li>
                        
    <a href="/News-Room" target="" title="News Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">News</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">News</span>
    </a>

                    </li>
                    <li>
                        
    <a href="/About-RMA/Jobs-and-Careers" target="" title="Careers Main Menu Link">
        <span>Careers</span>
    </a>

                    </li>
                    <li>
                        
    <a href="/Contact-Us" target="" title="Contact Us Main Menu Link">
        <span>Contact Us</span>
    </a>

                    </li>
                    <li>
                        
    <a href="/RMA-en-Espanol" target="" title="En Español Main Menu Link">
        <span>En Español</span>
    </a>

                    </li>
            </ul><!-- /Tertiary Nav -->
        </div>
        <div class="navbar-right navbar-searchBox">
            

<script>
//<![CDATA[
      var usasearch_config = { siteHandle:"risk-management-agency" };

      var script = document.createElement("script");
      script.type = "text/javascript";
      script.src = "//search.usa.gov/javascripts/remote.loader.js";
      document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(script);

//]]>
</script>

<form id="search_form" action="https://search.usa.gov/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get" class="govSearchForm">
    <input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓" />
    <input type="hidden" name="affiliate" id="affiliate" value="risk-management-agency" />
    <label for="query" class="govSearchForm-label">Enter Search Term(s):</label>
    <input type="text" name="query" id="query" autocomplete="off" class="govSearchForm-searchBox usagov-search-autocomplete" />
    <input type="submit" name="commit" value="Search" class="govSearchForm-submit" />
</form>

        </div>
    </div>
</div><!-- container -->
<!-- HEADER: PRIMARY SITE NAVIGATION -->
<nav class="navbar mainnavbar megamenu">
    <div class="container-fluid">
        <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
        <div class="navbar-header">
            <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed pull-right" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar" aria-expanded="false">
                <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                <i class="fa fa-bars" aria-hidden="true"></i>
            </button>
        </div>

        <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->
        <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbar">
            <div class="container">
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav mainnav">
                    <!-- class=mainnav-->
                        <!-- Had to put class names in strings so that IE would recognize all of them /smh -->
<li class="mainnav-dropdown dropdown ">
                            <a href="/Policy-and-Procedure" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Policy & Procedure <span class="caret"></span></a>
                            <ul class="mainnav-dropdownlist dropdown-menu " role="menu">
                                <!-- megamenu-fw-->
                                <!-- wrapperClass-->
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Policy-and-Procedure/Bulletins-and-Memos" target="" title="Bulletins and Memos Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Bulletins and Memos</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Bulletins and Memos</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Policy-and-Procedure/Crop-Policies" target="" title="Crop Policies Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Crop Policies</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Crop Policies</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Policy-and-Procedure/Final-Agency-Determinations" target="" title="Final Agency Determinations Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Final Agency Determinations</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Final Agency Determinations</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Policy-and-Procedure/General-Policies" target="" title="General Policies Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">General Policies</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">General Policies</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Policy-and-Procedure/Insurance-Plans" target="" title="Insurance Plans Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Insurance Plans</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Insurance Plans</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Policy-and-Procedure/Appendix-III-M13-Handbook-Index" target="" title="Appendix III/M-13 Handbook Index Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Appendix III/M-13 Handbook Index</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Appendix III/M-13 Handbook Index</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Policy-and-Procedure/Program-Administration---14000" target="" title="Program Administration (14000) Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Program Administration (14000)</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Program Administration (14000)</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Policy-and-Procedure/Coverage-Plans---18000" target="" title="Coverage Plans (18000) Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Coverage Plans (18000)</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Coverage Plans (18000)</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Policy-and-Procedure/Privately-Developed-Products---20000" target="" title="Privately Developed Products (20000) Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Privately Developed Products (20000)</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Privately Developed Products (20000)</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Policy-and-Procedure/Program-Evaluations---22000" target="" title="Program Evaluations (22000) Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Program Evaluations (22000)</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Program Evaluations (22000)</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Policy-and-Procedure/Underwriting---24000" target="" title="Underwriting (24000) Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Underwriting (24000)</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Underwriting (24000)</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Policy-and-Procedure/Loss-Adjustment-Standards---25000" target="" title="Loss Adjustment Standards (25000) Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Loss Adjustment Standards (25000)</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Loss Adjustment Standards (25000)</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                            </ul>
                        </li>
                        <!-- Had to put class names in strings so that IE would recognize all of them /smh -->
<li class="mainnav-dropdown dropdown megamenu-fw">
                            <a href="" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">RMA<i>Local</i> <span class="caret"></span></a>
                            <ul class="mainnav-dropdownlist dropdown-menu megamenu-content" role="menu">
                                <!-- megamenu-fw-->
                                <!-- wrapperClass-->
                                        <li class="">
                                            <div class="">
                                                <ul class="innerDropDown localLeft ">
                                                    <!-- insert if table layout-->
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/State-Map" target="" title="State Map Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  primary-image " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Maps/Regional-Offices-Icon/Regional-Map-Icon.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
            <img class="center-block primary-image primary-image-hover" src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Maps/Regional-Offices-Icon/Regional-Map-Icon---Alt.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span>State Map</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Field-Offices/Regional-Offices" target="" title="Regional Offices Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  primary-image " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Maps/Regional-Offices-Icon/Regional-Office.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
            <img class="center-block primary-image primary-image-hover" src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Maps/Regional-Offices-Icon/Regional-Office---Alt.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">Regional Offices</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Regional</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Field-Offices/Regional-Compliance-Offices" target="" title="Compliance Offices Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  primary-image " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Maps/Regional-Offices-Icon/Regional-Map-Icon/Compliance-Office-Icon.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
            <img class="center-block primary-image primary-image-hover" src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Maps/Regional-Offices-Icon/Regional-Map-Icon/Compliance-Office-Icon---Alt.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">Compliance Offices</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Compliance</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                </ul>
                                            </div>
                                        </li>
                                        <li class="">
                                            <div class="">
                                                <ul class="innerDropDown multi-column-dropdown listncol states localRight   ">
                                                    <!-- insert if table layout-->
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Alabama" target="" title="Alabama Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Alabama</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Ala.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Alaska" target="" title="Alaska Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Alaska</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Alaska</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Arizona" target="" title="Arizona Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Arizona</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Ariz.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Arkansas" target="" title="Arkansas Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Arkansas</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Ark.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/California" target="" title="California Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">California</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Calif.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Colorado" target="" title="Colorado Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Colorado</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Colo.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Connecticut" target="" title="Connecticut Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Connecticut</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Conn.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Delaware" target="" title="Delaware Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Delaware</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Del.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Florida" target="" title="Florida Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Florida</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Fla.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Georgia" target="" title="Georgia Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Georgia</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Ga.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Hawaii" target="" title="Hawaii Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Hawaii</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Hawaii</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Idaho" target="" title="Idaho Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Idaho</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Idaho</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Illinois" target="" title="Illinois Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Illinois</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Ill.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Indiana" target="" title="Indiana Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Indiana</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Ind.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Iowa" target="" title="Iowa Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Iowa</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Iowa</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Kansas" target="" title="Kansas Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Kansas</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Kans.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Kentucky" target="" title="Kentucky Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Kentucky</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Ky,</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Louisiana" target="" title="Louisiana Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Louisiana</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">La.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Maine" target="" title="Maine Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Maine</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Maine</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Maryland" target="" title="Maryland Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Maryland</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Md.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Massachusetts" target="" title="Massachusetts Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Massachusetts</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Mass.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Michigan" target="" title="Michigan Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Michigan</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Mich.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Minnesota" target="" title="Minnesota Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Minnesota</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Minn.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Mississippi" target="" title="Mississippi Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Mississippi</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Miss.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Missouri" target="" title="Missouri Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Missouri</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Mo.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Montana" target="" title="Montana Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Montana</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Mont.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Nebraska" target="" title="Nebraska Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Nebraska</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Nebr.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Nevada" target="" title="Nevada Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Nevada</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Nev.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/New-Hampshire" target="" title="New Hampshire Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">New Hampshire</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">N.H.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/New-Jersey" target="" title="New Jersey Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">New Jersey</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">N.J.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/New-Mexico" target="" title="New Mexico Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">New Mexico</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">N.M.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/New-York" target="" title="New York Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">New York</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">N.Y.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/North-Carolina" target="" title="North Carolina Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">North Carolina</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">N.C.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/North-Dakota" target="" title="North Dakota Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">North Dakota</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">N.D.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Ohio" target="" title="Ohio Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Ohio</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Ohio</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Oklahoma" target="" title="Oklahoma Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Oklahoma</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Okla.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Oregon" target="" title="Oregon Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Oregon</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Ore.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Pennsylvania" target="" title="Pennsylvania Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Pennsylvania</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Pa.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Puerto-Rico" target="" title="Puerto Rico Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Puerto Rico</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">P.R.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Rhode-Island" target="" title="Rhode Island Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Rhode Island</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">R.I.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/South-Carolina" target="" title="South Carolina Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">South Carolina</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">S.C.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/South-Dakota" target="" title="South Dakota Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">South Dakota</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">S.D.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Tennessee" target="" title="Tennessee Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Tennessee</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Tenn.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Texas" target="" title="Texas Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Texas</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Tex.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Utah" target="" title="Utah Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Utah</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Utah</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Vermont" target="" title="Vermont Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Vermont</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Vt.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Virginia" target="" title="Virginia Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Virginia</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Va.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Washington" target="" title="Washington Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Washington</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Wash.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/West-Virginia" target="" title="West Virginia Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">West Virginia</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">W.Va.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Wisconsin" target="" title="Wisconsin Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Wisconsin</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Wis.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Wyoming" target="" title="Wyoming Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Wyoming</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Wyo.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                </ul>
                                            </div>
                                        </li>
                            </ul>
                        </li>
                        <!-- Had to put class names in strings so that IE would recognize all of them /smh -->
<li class="mainnav-dropdown dropdown ">
                            <a href="/Commodity" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Commodities <span class="caret"></span></a>
                            <ul class="mainnav-dropdownlist dropdown-menu " role="menu">
                                <!-- megamenu-fw-->
                                <!-- wrapperClass-->
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Commodity" target="" title="Lookup Commodity Main Menu Link">
        <span>Lookup Commodity</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                            </ul>
                        </li>
                        <!-- Had to put class names in strings so that IE would recognize all of them /smh -->
<li class="mainnav-dropdown dropdown megamenu-fw">
                            <a href="/" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Tools <span class="caret"></span></a>
                            <ul class="mainnav-dropdownlist dropdown-menu megamenu-content" role="menu">
                                <!-- megamenu-fw-->
                                <!-- wrapperClass-->
                                        <li class="">
                                            <div class="">
                                                <ul class="innerDropDown popular-tools  ">
                                                    <!-- insert if table layout-->
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Summary-of-Business" target="" title="Summary of Business Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-sob.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">Summary of Business</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">SOB</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Agent-Locator" target="" title="Agent Locator Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-al.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">Agent Locator</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Agent Locator</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="https://webapp.rma.usda.gov/apps/actuarialinformationbrowser/" target="" title="Actuarial Info Browser Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-aib.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">Actuarial Info Browser</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">AIB</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="https://public-rma.fpac.usda.gov/apps/MapViewer/index.html" target="_blank" title="RMA Map Viewer Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-cidt.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">RMA Map Viewer</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">RMA Map Viewer</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="https://ewebapp.rma.usda.gov/apps/costestimator/" target="_blank" title="Cost Estimator Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-ce.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">Cost Estimator</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Cost Est</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                </ul>
                                            </div>
                                        </li>
                                        <li class="">
                                            <div class="">
                                                <ul class="innerDropDown multi-column-dropdown listncol tools ">
                                                    <!-- insert if table layout-->
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://webapp.rma.usda.gov/apps/actuarialinformationbrowser/" target="_blank" title="Actuarial Information Browser Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Actuarial Information Browser</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">AIB</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Agent-Locator" target="" title="Agent Locator Main Menu Link">
        <span>Agent Locator</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://public-rma.fpac.usda.gov/AipListing" target="" title="AIP Companies Main Menu Link">
        <span>AIP Companies</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Associated-Agencies-and-Partners" target="" title="Associated Agencies and Partners Main Menu Link">
        <span>Associated Agencies and Partners</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Summary-of-Business/Cause-of-Loss" target="" title="Cause of Loss Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Cause of Loss</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Cause of Loss</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://ewebapp.rma.usda.gov/apps/costestimator/" target="_blank" title="Cost Estimator Main Menu Link">
        <span>Cost Estimator</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://public-rma.fpac.usda.gov/apps/MapViewer/index.html" target="" title="County Programs Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">County Programs</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">County Programs</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Crop-Indemnity-Maps" target="" title="Crop Indemnity Maps Main Menu Link">
        <span>Crop Indemnity Maps</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Crop-Weather" target="" title="Crop Weather Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Crop Weather</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Crop Weather</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://pubfs-rma.fpac.usda.gov/" target="_blank" title="FTP File Access Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">FTP File Access</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">FTP</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Summary-of-Business/Livestock-and-Dairy-Participation" target="" title="Livestock and Dairy Participation Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Livestock and Dairy Participation</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Livestock and Dairy Participation</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Livestock-Reports" target="" title="Livestock Reports (LRP and LGM) Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Livestock Reports (LRP and LGM)</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Livestock Reports</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Nursery-Inventory-Software-EPLPPS" target="" title="Nursery Software (EPLPPS) Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Nursery Software (EPLPPS)</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Nursery Software</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Other-Sites" target="" title="Other Sites Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Other Sites</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Other Sites</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://prodwebnlb.rma.usda.gov/apps/prf " target="_blank" title="PRF Rainfall Main Menu Link">
        <span>PRF Rainfall</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="http://prodwebnlb.rma.usda.gov/apps/PriceDiscovery" target="_blank" title="Price Discovery Reporting Main Menu Link">
        <span>Price Discovery Reporting</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Reinsurance-Reports" target="" title="Reinsurance Reports Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Reinsurance Reports</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Reinsurance</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://webapp.rma.usda.gov/apps/RIRS/" target="_blank" title="RMA Information Reporting System Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">RMA Information Reporting System</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">RIRS</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://public-rma.fpac.usda.gov/apps/MapViewer/index.html" target="_blank" title="RMA Map Viewer Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">RMA Map Viewer</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Map Viewer</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Summary-of-Business" target="" title="Summary of Business Reports Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Summary of Business Reports</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">SOB</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                </ul>
                                            </div>
                                        </li>
                            </ul>
                        </li>
                        <!-- Had to put class names in strings so that IE would recognize all of them /smh -->
<li class="mainnav-dropdown dropdown ">
                            <a href="/Topics" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Topics <span class="caret"></span></a>
                            <ul class="mainnav-dropdownlist dropdown-menu " role="menu">
                                <!-- megamenu-fw-->
                                <!-- wrapperClass-->
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Beginning-or-Veteran-Farmers-and-Ranchers" target="" title="Beginning or Veteran Farmers and Ranchers Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Beginning or Veteran Farmers and Ranchers</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Beginning or Veteran Farmers and Ranchers</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Civil-Rights" target="" title="Civil Rights Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Civil Rights</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Civil Rights</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Compliance-Information" target="" title="Compliance Information Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Compliance Information</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Compliance Information</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Conservation" target="" title="Conservation Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Conservation</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Conservation</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Controlled-Environment" target="" title="Controlled Environment Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Controlled Environment</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Controlled Environment</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Cover-Crops" target="" title="Cover Crops Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Cover Crops</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Cover Crops</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Double-Cropping-Initiative" target="" title="Double Cropping Initiative Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Double Cropping Initiative</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Double Cropping Initiative</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Farm-Bill" target="" title="Farm Bill Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Farm Bill</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Farm Bill</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Frequently-Asked-Questions" target="" title="Frequently Asked Questions Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Frequently Asked Questions</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Frequently Asked Questions</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Hemp" target="" title="Hemp Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Hemp</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Hemp</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Hurricane-Insurance-Protection-Wind-Index" target="" title="Hurricane Insurance Protection - Wind Index Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Hurricane Insurance Protection - Wind Index</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Hurricane Insurance Protection - Wind Index</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Insurance-Cycle" target="" title="Insurance Cycle Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Insurance Cycle</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Insurance Cycle</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Insurance-Resources" target="" title="Insurance Resources Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Insurance Resources</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Insurance Resources</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Lamb-Data-Gathering-Listening-Sessions" target="" title="Lamb Data Gathering Listening Sessions Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Lamb Data Gathering Listening Sessions</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Lamb Data Gathering Listening Sessions</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Livestock-Insurance-Plans" target="" title="Livestock Insurance Plans Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Livestock Insurance Plans</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Livestock Insurance Plans</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Livestock-Roadshow" target="" title="Livestock Roadshow Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Livestock Roadshow</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Livestock Roadshow</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Manage-Your-Farm-Risk" target="" title="Manage Your Farm Risk Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Manage Your Farm Risk</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Manage Your Farm Risk</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/National-Fact-Sheets" target="" title="National Fact Sheets Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">National Fact Sheets</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">National Fact Sheets</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Nursery" target="" title="Nursery Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Nursery</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Nursery</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Organic-Crops" target="" title="Organic Crops Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Organic Crops</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Organic Crops</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Outreach-and-Education" target="" title="Outreach and Education Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Outreach and Education</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Outreach and Education</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Prevented-Planting" target="" title="Prevented Planting Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Prevented Planting</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Prevented Planting</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Producer-Obligations-and-Expectations" target="" title="Producer Obligations and Expectations Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Producer Obligations and Expectations</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Producer Obligations and Expectations</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Publications" target="" title="Publications Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Publications</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Publications</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Reinsurance-Agreements" target="" title="Reinsurance Agreements Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Reinsurance Agreements</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Reinsurance Agreements</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/RMA-2023-Accomplishments" target="" title="RMA 2023 Accomplishments Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">RMA 2023 Accomplishments</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">RMA 2023 Accomplishments</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Shellfish" target="" title="Shellfish Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Shellfish</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Shellfish</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Specialty-Crops" target="" title="Specialty Crops Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Specialty Crops</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Specialty Crops</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Crop-Insurance-for-Urban-Farmers" target="" title="Urban Ag Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Urban Ag</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Urban Ag</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                            </ul>
                        </li>
                    
                    <!-- this is a duplicate of the secondary (.topnav) and tertiary (.searchnav) nav -->
                    <!-- media query shows only for small screen -->
                    <li id="duplicateTopNav" class="mainnav-dropdown dropdown">
                        <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
                            News and Information <span class="caret"></span>
                        </a>
                        <ul class="mainnav-dropdownlist dropdown-menu">
                                <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                    
    <a href="/" target="" title="Home Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Home</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Home</span>
    </a>

                                </li>
                                <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                    
    <a href="/About-RMA" target="" title="About RMA Main Menu Link">
        <span>About RMA</span>
    </a>

                                </li>
                                <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                    
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Agent-Locator" target="" title="Find an Agent Main Menu Link">
        <span>Find an Agent</span>
    </a>

                                </li>
                                <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                    
    <a href="/News-Room" target="" title="News Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">News</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">News</span>
    </a>

                                </li>
                                <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                    
    <a href="/About-RMA/Jobs-and-Careers" target="" title="Careers Main Menu Link">
        <span>Careers</span>
    </a>

                                </li>
                                <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                    
    <a href="/Contact-Us" target="" title="Contact Us Main Menu Link">
        <span>Contact Us</span>
    </a>

                                </li>
                                <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                    
    <a href="/RMA-en-Espanol" target="" title="En Español Main Menu Link">
        <span>En Español</span>
    </a>

                                </li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>

                </ul>
            </div>
        </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
    </div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
</nav>

    <!-- END NOINDEX -->
    <!-- MAIN CONTENT AREA -->
    <div class="main-content">
        <!-- BEGIN NOINDEX -->
        <div class="container">
            <div class="col-sm-12">

    <ol class="breadcrumb">
                <li>About RMA</li>
                <li>History of RMA</li>
    </ol>
</div>

        </div>
        <!-- END NOINDEX -->

        

<div class="container">
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-sm-8 body">
            
    <div class="row ">
            <div class="col-md-12">
                

    <div class="page-header">
            <h1>

                History of the Crop Insurance Program
            </h1>
        </div>

            </div>
            <div class="col-md-12">
                
        <dl>
            <dt class="section_header">
                <span class="sectionTitle"></span>
            </dt>

            <dd>
                <div class="rteContainer">
                    <p>Congress first authorized Federal crop insurance in the 1930s along with other initiatives to help agriculture recover from the combined effects of the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl. The Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (FCIC) was created in 1938 to carry out the program. Initially, the program was started as an experiment, and crop insurance activities were mostly limited to major crops in the main producing areas. Crop insurance remained an experiment until passage of the Federal Crop Insurance Act of 1980.</p>
<p>The 1980 Act expanded the crop insurance program to many more crops and regions of the country. It encouraged expansion to replace the free disaster coverage (compensation to farmers for prevented planting losses and yield losses) offered under Farm Bills created in the 1960s and 1970s, because the free coverage competed with the experimental crop insurance program. To encourage participation in the expanded crop insurance program, the 1980 Act authorized a subsidy equal to 30 percent of the crop insurance premium limited to the dollar amount at 65-percent coverage.</p>
<p>Although more farmers took part in the program after passage of the 1980 Act, it did not achieve the level of participation that Congress had hoped for. Therefore, after a major drought in 1988, ad hoc disaster assistance was authorized to provide relief to needy farmers. Another ad hoc disaster bill was passed in 1989. A third one enacted in 1992 gave farmers the option of claiming disaster losses on a farm-by-farm basis for any year between 1990 and 1992. An extremely wet and cool growing season in 1993 caused more losses, and Congress passed yet another ad hoc disaster bill. However, dissatisfaction with the annual ad hoc disaster bills that were competing with the crop insurance program led to enactment of the Federal Crop Insurance Reform Act of 1994.</p>
<p>The 1994 Act made participation in the crop insurance program mandatory for farmers to be eligible for deficiency payments under price support programs, certain loans, and other benefits. Because participation was mandatory, catastrophic (CAT) coverage was created. CAT coverage compensated farmers for losses exceeding 50 percent of an average yield paid at 60 percent of the price established for the crop for that year. The premium for CAT coverage was completely subsidized. Participants paid $50 per crop per county subject to maximum amounts for multiple crops and counties insured by the same individual. Subsidies for higher coverage levels were increased.</p>
<p>In 1996, Congress repealed the mandatory participation requirement. However, farmers who accepted other benefits were required to purchase crop insurance or otherwise waive their eligibility for any disaster benefits that might be made available for the crop year. These provisions are still in effect.</p>
<p>In the same year, the Risk Management Agency (RMA) was created to administer FCIC programs and other non-insurance-related risk management and education programs that help support U.S. agriculture.</p>
<p>Participation in the crop insurance program increased significantly following enactment of the 1994 Act. For example, in 1998, more than 180 million acres of farmland were insured under the program. This is more than three times the acreage insured in 1988, and more than twice the acreage insured in 1993. According to estimates by the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service, in 1998, about two-thirds of the country's total planted acreage of field crops (except for hay) was insured under the program. The liability (or value of the insurance in force) in 1998 was $28 billion, the largest amount since the inception of the program. The total premium, which includes subsidy, and the premium paid by insured persons (nearly $950 million) were also record figures.</p>
<p>In 2000, Congress enacted legislation that expanded the role of the private sector allowing entities to participate in conducting research and development of new insurance products and features. With the expansion of the contracting and partnering authority, RMA can enter into contracts or create partnerships for research and development of new and innovative insurance products. Private entities may also submit unsolicited proposals for insurance products to the Board for approval. If approved by the Board, these unsolicited insurance products could receive reimbursement for research, development and operating costs, in addition to any approved premium subsidies and reinsurance. After three years, the private entity may elect to retain ownership of the insurance product and charge a fee, as approved by the Board, to other insurance providers who sell the product or elect to transfer ownership of the product to RMA.</p>
<p>Restrictions on the development of insurance products for livestock were removed.</p>
<p>Authority was added to allow the Board of Directors to create an expert review panel to provide assistance to the Board in evaluating new insurance products for feasibility and actuarial soundness.</p>
<p>Premium subsidies were increased to encourage producers to purchase higher insurance coverage levels and to make the insurance program more attractive to prospective producers.</p>
                </div>
            </dd>
        </dl>

            </div>
    </div>

        </div>
        <div class="col-sm-4 sidebar">
            
    <div class="row ">
            <div class="col-md-12">
                
        <!-- BEGIN NOINDEX -->
        <div>
            <ul class="sideNav">
                
                <li>
                    <a href="/About-RMA" title="About RMA Menu">About RMA</a>
                </li>

                    <li role="presentation">
                        <a href="/About-RMA/What-We-Do" title="What We Do Page">What We Do</a>
                    </li>
                    <li role="presentation">
                        <a href="/About-RMA/Who-We-Are" title="Who We Are Page">Who We Are</a>
                    </li>
                    <li role="presentation">
                        <a href="/About-RMA/History-of-RMA" class="active" title="History of RMA Page">History of RMA</a>
                                <ul class="sideNav-subList">
                                        <li>
                                            <a href="/About-RMA/History-of-RMA/How-the-Program-Works" title="How the Program Works Page">How the Program Works</a>
                                        </li>
                                </ul>
                    </li>
                    <li role="presentation">
                        <a href="/About-RMA/Program-Budget" title="Program Budget Page">Program Budget</a>
                    </li>
                    <li role="presentation">
                        <a href="/About-RMA/Laws-and-Regulations" title="Laws and Regulations Page">Laws and Regulations</a>
                    </li>
                    <li role="presentation">
                        <a href="/About-RMA/Jobs-and-Careers" title="Jobs and Careers Page">Jobs and Careers</a>
                    </li>
                    <li role="presentation">
                        <a href="/About-RMA/Linking-Policy" title="Linking Policy Page">Linking Policy</a>
                    </li>
                    <li role="presentation">
                        <a href="/About-RMA/Statements" title="Statements Page">Statements</a>
                    </li>
            </ul>

        </div>
        <div class="dots"></div>
        <!-- END NOINDEX -->

            </div>
    </div>

        </div>
    </div>
</div>


    </div>

    <!-- FOOTER AREA -->
    <!-- BEGIN NOINDEX -->
    
<div class="container clearfix">
    <div id="footer" class="row footerCardSection">
        <footer>
            <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-12 col-lg-12">

                
<div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-12">
        <ul class="footerCards">
                <li class="col-md-3 col-sm-4 box">
                    <a href="/Federal-Crop-Insurance-Corporation">
                        <img src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-govt2-black-32.ashx" alt="Government" />
                        <h4>FCIC</h4>
                        <p>The FCIC promotes the economic stability of agriculture through a sound system of crop insurance.</p>
                    </a>
                </li>
                <li class="col-md-3 col-sm-4 box">
                    <a href="/Information-Tools/Agent-Locator">
                        <img src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-person-black-32.ashx" alt="icon" />
                        <h4>Agent Locator</h4>
                        <p>Find a crop or livestock insurance agent in your area along with directions to their office.</p>
                    </a>
                </li>
                <li class="col-md-3 col-sm-4 box">
                    <a href="/News-Room/Frequently-Asked-Questions">
                        <img src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-qa-black-32.ashx" alt="FAQ" />
                        <h4>Common Questions</h4>
                        <p>FAQs on crop and livestock insurance, risk protection, regulations, compliance, and more.</p>
                    </a>
                </li>
                <li class="col-md-3 col-sm-4 box">
                    <a href="https://legacy.rma.usda.gov">
                        <img src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-books-black-32.ashx" alt="Books" />
                        <h4>RMA Website Archive</h4>
                        <p>Data and publications from the RMA website prior to the redesign.</p>
                    </a>
                </li>
                <li class="col-md-3 col-sm-4 box">
                    <a href="/Topics/Manage-Your-Farm-Risk">
                        <img src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-cloudflash-black-32.ashx" alt=" Cloudflash" />
                        <h4>Manage Your Farm Risk</h4>
                        <p>Resources for Farmers and Ranchers</p>
                    </a>
                </li>
                <li class="col-md-3 col-sm-4 box">
                    <a href="/Topics/Insurance-Resources">
                        <img src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-step-black-32.ashx" alt=" Black Footstep" />
                        <h4>Insurance Resources</h4>
                        <p>Policies, provisions, handbooks and more.</p>
                    </a>
                </li>
                <li class="col-md-3 col-sm-4 box">
                    <a href="/Topics/Outreach-and-Education">
                        <img src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-handshake-black-32.ashx" alt="Handshake" />
                        <h4>Educational Resources</h4>
                        <p>Resources for you to learn and succeed as a farmer or rancher.</p>
                    </a>
                </li>
                <li class="col-md-3 col-sm-4 box">
                    <a href="/Topics/Beginning-or-Veteran-Farmers-and-Ranchers">
                        <img src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-tractor-black-32.ashx" alt="Tractor" />
                        <h4>Beginning Farmers</h4>
                        <p>Resources for Individuals looking into farming for the first time. </p>
                    </a>
                </li>
        </ul><!--Footer Cards-->


    </div>
</div>

                


    <div id="socialMediaBar" class="content">
        <ul class="menu">
                <li>
                    <a href="https://www.facebook.com/USDA" title="Facebook" class="facebook social-icon" target="_blank">Facebook</a>
                </li>
                            <li>
                    <a href="https://twitter.com/usdaRMA" title="Twitter" class="twitter social-icon" target="_blank">Twitter</a>
                </li>

                <li>
                    <a href="http://www.youtube.com/usda/" title="YouTube" class="youtube social-icon" target="_blank">YouTube</a>
                </li>
                            <li><a href="https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDAFARMERS/subscriber/new" title="GovDelivery " class="email social-icon" target="_blank">Email Updates</a></li>
                            <li>
                    <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/usdagov" title="Flickr" class="flickr social-icon" target="_blank">Flickr</a>
                </li>
                            <li>
                    <a href="http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?navid=RSS_FEEDS" title="RSS" class="rss social-icon" target="_blank">RSS Feed</a>
                </li>
        </ul>
    </div>


                <div class="row">
    <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-12 footernav">
        
            <ul class="">
                    <li><a href="/" target="">RMA Home</a></li>
                    <li><a href="http://USDA.gov" target="_blank">USDA.gov</a></li>
                    <li><a href="/Web-Site-Policies-and-Important-Links/Copyright-Information" target="">Copyright Information</a></li>
                    <li><a href="/Web-Site-Policies-and-Important-Links/Non-Disclosure-Agreements-Notice" target="">Non-Disclosure Agreements Notice</a></li>
                    <li><a href="/Web-Site-Policies-and-Important-Links/Non-Discrimination-Statement" target="">Non-Discrimination Statement</a></li>
                    <li><a href="/Web-Site-Policies-and-Important-Links/Freedom-of-Information-Act" target="">FOIA</a></li>
                    <li><a href="/Web-Site-Policies-and-Important-Links" target="">Policies and Links</a></li>
                    <li><a href="http://www.usda.gov/oig/hotline.htm" target="_blank">Report Fraud on USDA Contracts</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.usda.gov/plain-writing" target="">Plain Writing</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.usda.gov/accessibility-statement" target="">Accessibility</a></li>
                    <li><a href="/Web-Site-Policies-and-Important-Links/No-FEAR-Report" target="">No FEAR Report</a></li>
                    <li><a href="/Web-Site-Policies-and-Important-Links/Privacy-Policy" target="">Privacy</a></li>
                    <li><a href="/Web-Site-Policies-and-Important-Links/Quality-of-Information-Requirements" target="">Information Quality</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.usa.gov/" target="_blank">USA.gov</a></li>
                    <li><a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/" target="_blank">Whitehouse.gov</a></li>
            </ul><!-- /Footer Links Nav -->
        
    </div>
</div>

            </div>
        </footer>
    </div>
</div>
    <!-- END NOINDEX -->
    <!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster -->
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/Scripts/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/Scripts/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/assets/js/jquery.matchHeight-min.js"></script>

    <script type="text/javascript" src="/assets/js/custom.js"></script>

    <script type="text/javascript" src='/assets/js/scrollReveal.js'></script>
    <script>window.sr = new scrollReveal();</script>
    <!-- Datatable scripts -->
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.datatables.net/v/bs/dt-1.10.13/b-1.2.4/b-colvis-1.2.4/b-html5-1.2.4/b-print-1.2.4/fc-3.2.2/fh-3.1.2/kt-2.2.0/r-2.1.0/sc-1.4.2/se-1.2.0/datatables.min.js"></script>



    <!-- Moment is used to sort the date in correct date order instead of sorting as a string -->
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/moment.js/2.8.4/moment.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.datatables.net/plug-ins/1.10.19/sorting/datetime-moment.js"></script>

    <script type="text/javascript" src="/assets/dataTables/ellipsis.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/assets/dataTables/datetime.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/assets/dataTables/dataTables.hideEmptyColumns.min.js"></script>
    
    <script type="text/javascript" src="/assets/chosen-js/chosen.jquery.js"></script>

    
    
</body>
</html>