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        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Okla.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Oregon" target="" title="Oregon Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Oregon</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Ore.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Pennsylvania" target="" title="Pennsylvania Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Pennsylvania</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Pa.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Puerto-Rico" target="" title="Puerto Rico Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Puerto Rico</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">P.R.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Rhode-Island" target="" title="Rhode Island Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Rhode Island</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">R.I.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/South-Carolina" target="" title="South Carolina Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">South Carolina</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">S.C.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/South-Dakota" target="" title="South Dakota Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">South Dakota</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">S.D.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Tennessee" target="" title="Tennessee Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Tennessee</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Tenn.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Texas" target="" title="Texas Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Texas</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Tex.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Utah" target="" title="Utah Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Utah</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Utah</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Vermont" target="" title="Vermont Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Vermont</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Vt.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Virginia" target="" title="Virginia Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Virginia</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Va.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Washington" target="" title="Washington Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Washington</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Wash.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/West-Virginia" target="" title="West Virginia Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">West Virginia</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">W.Va.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Wisconsin" target="" title="Wisconsin Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Wisconsin</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Wis.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/RMALocal/Wyoming" target="" title="Wyoming Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Wyoming</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Wyo.</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                </ul>
                                            </div>
                                        </li>
                            </ul>
                        </li>
                        <!-- Had to put class names in strings so that IE would recognize all of them /smh -->
<li class="mainnav-dropdown dropdown ">
                            <a href="/Commodity" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Commodities <span class="caret"></span></a>
                            <ul class="mainnav-dropdownlist dropdown-menu " role="menu">
                                <!-- megamenu-fw-->
                                <!-- wrapperClass-->
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Commodity" target="" title="Lookup Commodity Main Menu Link">
        <span>Lookup Commodity</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                            </ul>
                        </li>
                        <!-- Had to put class names in strings so that IE would recognize all of them /smh -->
<li class="mainnav-dropdown dropdown megamenu-fw">
                            <a href="/" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Tools <span class="caret"></span></a>
                            <ul class="mainnav-dropdownlist dropdown-menu megamenu-content" role="menu">
                                <!-- megamenu-fw-->
                                <!-- wrapperClass-->
                                        <li class="">
                                            <div class="">
                                                <ul class="innerDropDown popular-tools  ">
                                                    <!-- insert if table layout-->
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Summary-of-Business" target="" title="Summary of Business Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-sob.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">Summary of Business</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">SOB</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Agent-Locator" target="" title="Agent Locator Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-al.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">Agent Locator</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Agent Locator</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="https://webapp.rma.usda.gov/apps/actuarialinformationbrowser/" target="" title="Actuarial Info Browser Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-aib.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">Actuarial Info Browser</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">AIB</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="https://public-rma.fpac.usda.gov/apps/MapViewer/index.html" target="_blank" title="RMA Map Viewer Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-cidt.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">RMA Map Viewer</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">RMA Map Viewer</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="center-block">
                                                            
    <a href="https://ewebapp.rma.usda.gov/apps/costestimator/" target="_blank" title="Cost Estimator Main Menu Link">
        <div class="imageSet">
            <img class="center-block  " src="/-/media/RMA/Images/Icons/icon-ce.ashx" alt="Menu Icon" />
        </div>
        <div>
            <span class="visible-lg-block">Cost Estimator</span>
            <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Cost Est</span>
        </div>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                </ul>
                                            </div>
                                        </li>
                                        <li class="">
                                            <div class="">
                                                <ul class="innerDropDown multi-column-dropdown listncol tools ">
                                                    <!-- insert if table layout-->
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://webapp.rma.usda.gov/apps/actuarialinformationbrowser/" target="_blank" title="Actuarial Information Browser Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Actuarial Information Browser</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">AIB</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Agent-Locator" target="" title="Agent Locator Main Menu Link">
        <span>Agent Locator</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://public-rma.fpac.usda.gov/AipListing" target="" title="AIP Companies Main Menu Link">
        <span>AIP Companies</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Associated-Agencies-and-Partners" target="" title="Associated Agencies and Partners Main Menu Link">
        <span>Associated Agencies and Partners</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Summary-of-Business/Cause-of-Loss" target="" title="Cause of Loss Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Cause of Loss</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Cause of Loss</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://ewebapp.rma.usda.gov/apps/costestimator/" target="_blank" title="Cost Estimator Main Menu Link">
        <span>Cost Estimator</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://public-rma.fpac.usda.gov/apps/MapViewer/index.html" target="" title="County Programs Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">County Programs</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">County Programs</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Crop-Indemnity-Maps" target="" title="Crop Indemnity Maps Main Menu Link">
        <span>Crop Indemnity Maps</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Crop-Weather" target="" title="Crop Weather Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Crop Weather</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Crop Weather</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://pubfs-rma.fpac.usda.gov/" target="_blank" title="FTP File Access Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">FTP File Access</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">FTP</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Summary-of-Business/Livestock-and-Dairy-Participation" target="" title="Livestock and Dairy Participation Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Livestock and Dairy Participation</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Livestock and Dairy Participation</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Livestock-Reports" target="" title="Livestock Reports (LRP and LGM) Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Livestock Reports (LRP and LGM)</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Livestock Reports</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Nursery-Inventory-Software-EPLPPS" target="" title="Nursery Software (EPLPPS) Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Nursery Software (EPLPPS)</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Nursery Software</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Other-Sites" target="" title="Other Sites Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Other Sites</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Other Sites</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://prodwebnlb.rma.usda.gov/apps/prf " target="_blank" title="PRF Rainfall Main Menu Link">
        <span>PRF Rainfall</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="http://prodwebnlb.rma.usda.gov/apps/PriceDiscovery" target="_blank" title="Price Discovery Reporting Main Menu Link">
        <span>Price Discovery Reporting</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Reinsurance-Reports" target="" title="Reinsurance Reports Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Reinsurance Reports</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Reinsurance</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://webapp.rma.usda.gov/apps/RIRS/" target="_blank" title="RMA Information Reporting System Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">RMA Information Reporting System</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">RIRS</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="https://public-rma.fpac.usda.gov/apps/MapViewer/index.html" target="_blank" title="RMA Map Viewer Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">RMA Map Viewer</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Map Viewer</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                        <li class="">
                                                            
    <a href="/Information-Tools/Summary-of-Business" target="" title="Summary of Business Reports Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Summary of Business Reports</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">SOB</span>
    </a>

                                                        </li>
                                                </ul>
                                            </div>
                                        </li>
                            </ul>
                        </li>
                        <!-- Had to put class names in strings so that IE would recognize all of them /smh -->
<li class="mainnav-dropdown dropdown ">
                            <a href="/Topics" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Topics <span class="caret"></span></a>
                            <ul class="mainnav-dropdownlist dropdown-menu " role="menu">
                                <!-- megamenu-fw-->
                                <!-- wrapperClass-->
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Beginning-or-Veteran-Farmers-and-Ranchers" target="" title="Beginning or Veteran Farmers and Ranchers Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Beginning or Veteran Farmers and Ranchers</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Beginning or Veteran Farmers and Ranchers</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Civil-Rights" target="" title="Civil Rights Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Civil Rights</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Civil Rights</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Compliance-Information" target="" title="Compliance Information Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Compliance Information</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Compliance Information</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Conservation" target="" title="Conservation Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Conservation</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Conservation</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Controlled-Environment" target="" title="Controlled Environment Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Controlled Environment</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Controlled Environment</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Cover-Crops" target="" title="Cover Crops Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Cover Crops</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Cover Crops</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Double-Cropping-Initiative" target="" title="Double Cropping Initiative Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Double Cropping Initiative</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Double Cropping Initiative</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Farm-Bill" target="" title="Farm Bill Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Farm Bill</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Farm Bill</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Frequently-Asked-Questions" target="" title="Frequently Asked Questions Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Frequently Asked Questions</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Frequently Asked Questions</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Hemp" target="" title="Hemp Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Hemp</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Hemp</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Hurricane-Insurance-Protection-Wind-Index" target="" title="Hurricane Insurance Protection - Wind Index Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Hurricane Insurance Protection - Wind Index</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Hurricane Insurance Protection - Wind Index</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Insurance-Cycle" target="" title="Insurance Cycle Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Insurance Cycle</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Insurance Cycle</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Insurance-Resources" target="" title="Insurance Resources Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Insurance Resources</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Insurance Resources</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Lamb-Data-Gathering-Listening-Sessions" target="" title="Lamb Data Gathering Listening Sessions Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Lamb Data Gathering Listening Sessions</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Lamb Data Gathering Listening Sessions</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Livestock-Insurance-Plans" target="" title="Livestock Insurance Plans Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Livestock Insurance Plans</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Livestock Insurance Plans</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Livestock-Roadshow" target="" title="Livestock Roadshow Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Livestock Roadshow</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Livestock Roadshow</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Manage-Your-Farm-Risk" target="" title="Manage Your Farm Risk Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Manage Your Farm Risk</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Manage Your Farm Risk</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/National-Fact-Sheets" target="" title="National Fact Sheets Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">National Fact Sheets</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">National Fact Sheets</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Nursery" target="" title="Nursery Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Nursery</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Nursery</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Organic-Crops" target="" title="Organic Crops Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Organic Crops</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Organic Crops</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Outreach-and-Education" target="" title="Outreach and Education Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Outreach and Education</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Outreach and Education</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Prevented-Planting" target="" title="Prevented Planting Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Prevented Planting</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Prevented Planting</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Producer-Obligations-and-Expectations" target="" title="Producer Obligations and Expectations Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Producer Obligations and Expectations</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Producer Obligations and Expectations</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Publications" target="" title="Publications Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Publications</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Publications</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Reinsurance-Agreements" target="" title="Reinsurance Agreements Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Reinsurance Agreements</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Reinsurance Agreements</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/RMA-2023-Accomplishments" target="" title="RMA 2023 Accomplishments Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">RMA 2023 Accomplishments</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">RMA 2023 Accomplishments</span>
    </a>

                                        </li>
                                        <li class="mainnav-dropdownItem">
                                            
    <a href="/Topics/Shellfish" target="" title="Shellfish Main Menu Link">
        <span class="visible-lg-block">Shellfish</span>
        <span class="visible-sm-block visible-md-block visible-xs-block">Shellfish</span>
    </a>

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            <h1>

                Final Agency Determination: FAD-245
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                    <p style="padding-bottom: 10px;"><strong>Subject:</strong> Request dated September 4, 2015, to the Risk Management Agency (RMA) requesting a Final Agency Determination for the 2012 crop year regarding the interpretation of section 20(b) of the Common Crop Insurance Basic Provisions (Basic Provisions), published at 7 C.F.R. § 457.8. This request is pursuant to 7 C.F.R. § 400, subpart X.</p>
<p><strong>Background:</strong></p>
<p>Referenced policy and procedure in request:</p>
<p>The preamble of the Basic Provisions states, in relevant part:</p>
<p style="margin-left: 40px;">This insurance policy is reinsured by the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (FCIC) under the provisions of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (Act) (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.). All provisions of the policy and rights and responsibilities of the parties are specifically subject to the Act. The provisions of the policy may not be waived or varied in any way by us, our insurance agent or any other contractor or employee of ours or any employee of USDA unless the policy specifically authorizes a waiver or modification by written agreement. We will use the procedures (handbooks, manuals, memoranda and bulletins), as issued by FCIC and published on RMA’s Web site at www.rma.usda.gov or a successor Web site, in the administration of this policy, including the adjustment of any loss or claim submitted hereunder.</p>
<p>*****</p>
<p>Section 20(b) of the Basic Provisions states, in relevant part:</p>
<p><strong>20. Mediation, Arbitration, Appeal, Reconsideration, and Administrative and Judicial Review.</strong></p>
<p>*****</p>
<p>(b) Regardless of whether mediation is elected:</p>
<p style="margin-left: 40px;">(1) The initiation of arbitration proceedings must occur within one year of the date we denied your claim or rendered the determination with which you disagree, whichever is later;</p>
<p style="margin-left: 40px;">(2) If you fail to initiate arbitration in accordance with section 20(b)(1) and complete the process, you will not be able to resolve the dispute through judicial review;</p>
<p>*****</p>
<p><strong>Interpretation Submitted</strong></p>
<p>The requestor interprets Section 20(b)(1) of the Basic Provisions to establish an absolute deadline or limitations period within which an arbitration proceeding must be either filed with the American Arbitration Association or demanded pursuant to RMA Bulletin MGR-12-003.1. The requestor believes that the one year limitation for filing arbitration is unequivocal and must be adhered to strictly. The requestor further interprets Section 20(b)(1) to mean that the one year limitations period begins to run on the date that the Approved Insurance Provider (AIP) denies a claim, or otherwise makes a determination that the policyholder is challenging or seeking a review of in the arbitration. The requestor believes that the date the AIP notifies the policyholder of the amount of an indemnity payment or a determination that no indemnity payment is due, constitutes the date of the denial of a claim or determination. In other words, it is the date of denial or determination itself that is being challenged that triggers the running of the limitations.</p>
<p>The requestor further interprets this provision in conjunction with the non-waiver provisions in the preamble of the Basic Provisions to mean that once a denial or determination has been made, any subsequent decision to not re-open or reconsider a previous denial or determination does not start the limitations period to commence again. The requestor believes that a policyholder’s objections to, or request for a reconsideration of a denial or determination, would have no effect on the running of the limitations period unless the objection or reconsideration results in a new and different determination that modifies or changes the original denial or determination. The requestor further believes that the intentions regarding the one year limitations is to apply a consistent bench mark for the period in which arbitrations can be filed. To allow an objection or reconsideration request by the policyholder to start the running of the limitations period again, would clearly be inconsistent with the intentions and purposes of such a time bar. It has been stated that “allowing insurance company representatives under federally reinsured programs to inadvertently extend limitations period by answering claimant’s inquiries or by considering new information would contravene a strong public policy to encourage an insurance company to reconsider its original denial when confronted with potential new facts. If insurance companies were saddled with the situation that whenever they reconsidered an earlier decision it would inaugurate a new limitations period, companies would be reluctant to offer policyholders a luxury of a second evaluation.” <em>Wagner v. FEMA, 847 F.2d 515 (9th Cir. 1988). Also, see Godbold v. Federal Crop Insurance Corporation</em>, 365 F. Supp. 836 (N.D. Miss. 1973), where the court found that the limitations is not extended by claimant’s meeting with the insurer to obtain reconsideration of the original denial. Taken to its extreme, a policyholder could object to or request reconsideration multiple times and thereby extend the limitations deadline indefinitely every time the AIP responds or refuses to reconsider or change the initial determination.</p>
<p style="padding-bottom: 10px;">The requestor also interprets the non-waiver provision to preclude an AIP from waiving the limitations period by any language or information contained in correspondence to the policyholder refusing to reconsider or modify the original denial, including any language suggesting that a policyholder has any additional time in which to challenge a claim or determination. As there is no formal policy procedure or process in the Basic Provisions for requesting a reconsideration, the requester believes that the starting line for the running of the limitations period cannot arbitrarily be moved by actions or inactions taken by the policyholder or the AIP that do not change, correct, or modify in any way the original denial or determination being complained of. The requestor further interprets these provisions to mean that an AIPs refusal to re-open a denial or determination or reconsider same does not constitute a denial in and of itself and thereby extend the limitations period.</p>
<p><strong>Final Agency Determination</strong></p>
<p>FCIC agrees with the requestor’s interpretation. There is no ambiguity in the policy. Its plain meaning is that the insured has one year from the date of denial of the claim or receives any other determination with which the insured disagrees to file for arbitration. This is consistent with FAD-151 published on RMA’s website, which states, “The one year date starts from the date the policyholder receives a determination <strong>to which the policyholder disagrees.</strong>” Any further discussion, meeting, or correspondence that may occur regarding the determination to which the policyholder disagrees is not a determination for the purposes of section 20(b) of the Basic Provisions that starts the one-year time period for arbitration. FCIC also agrees that the AIP cannot waive or extend the limitations period. Since the Basic Provisions are codified in the Code of Federal Regulations, they have the force of law. The one year time period must be strictly construed.</p>
<p style="padding-bottom: 10px;">In accordance with 7 C.F.R. § 400.765(c), this Final Agency Determination is binding on all participants in the Federal crop insurance program for the crop years the policy provisions are in effect. Any appeal of this decision must be in accordance with 7 C.F.R. § 400.768(g).</p>
<p><strong>Date of Issue:</strong> November 19, 2015</p>
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