United States Department of Agriculture 

Risk Management Agency 

How To File a Crop Insurance Claim 

What to do. 

What not to do. 

How do I initiate a claim? 

Call your crop insurance agent and follow up in writing (keep a copy for your records). Your crop 

insurance company will arrange for a loss adjuster to inspect your crop. It is your responsibility

to call your crop insurance agent and initiate this process. 

How do I know when to file a claim?

Any time you have crop damage that will adversely affect your yield, or the value of your crop, 

you may be eligible to file a claim. The loss adjuster will determine whether your yield falls 

below the yield guarantee stated in your crop insurance policy. This applies to revenue guarantee

policies, like Crop Revenue Coverage (CRC), as well as to traditional yield protection policies. 

(Adjusted Gross Revenue and AGR-Lite policies are adjusted based on your agricultural revenue 

as reported in your tax return (Schedule F) and do not fall under these provisions) 

Most policies state that you (the insured) should notify your agent within 72 hours of discovery 

of crop damage. As a practical matter, you should always contact your agent immediately when 

you discover crop damage. 

In some cases, you may discover a loss while you are harvesting (a row crop for instance). Stop

harvesting and contact your agent right away. 

In the event of losses, you must file notice immediately after each unit is harvested (within 

15 days) and before the end of the insurance period. For sweet corn and corn cut for silage, you 

must file notice at least 15 days before harvest begins. 

How soon should I expect an adjuster? 

In practice, there are different levels of urgency for crop inspectors. 

If you are still within the window of opportunity to replant your crop, or switch to another crop, 

contact your crop insurance agent immediately. 

The insurance company should make every effort to get an adjuster out right away.

If, later in the growing season, your crop is wiped out by a hurricane, for example, or if a severe

drought has damaged your crop, you still need to contact your agent — but the urgency for an 

inspection depends on your intentions. 

If you want to destroy the crop (perhaps to plant a cover crop), then an adjuster needs to come 

out first — before you do anything. If, on the other hand, you intend to continue to care for the

crop and harvest what you can, there is less urgency for the adjuster to make the inspection 

immediately. Even so, an assessment of damage should be done as soon as practical. 

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While you wait for the adjuster, remember these rules: Do not destroy any of your crop. Do not 

disk. Do not plow. Do not replant. Do nothing to destroy your crop until you have permission 

from a claims adjuster or an insurance company representative. 

Remember: Don’t destroy the evidence. 

What should I expect from the adjuster? 

The adjuster should contact you to schedule an inspection. He or she will expect and welcome

your presence and help during the inspection. The adjuster will be interested in what you 

have to say. 

You can expect the adjuster to be familiar with your policy and to explain your options. 

You should have your Farm Service Agency (FSA) documents ready to show the number of 

acres and locations of your insured crops. 

The adjuster should have copies of your crop insurance policy documents and your Actual 

Production History (APH).

How is my crop yield calculated? 

For some crops, counting plants within a sample area at various locations in the field is a part

of the process. For other crops, determining the weight of ears of corn per bucket or numbers of

soybeans in a beaker is part of the process. 

Adjusters may take pictures of your fields. They may check with your neighbors on the condition 

of their crops and they may check with the local elevator operator for average yields in the area.

They may even consult local weather data.

Calculating crop yield is not guesswork. It is a disciplined process. Your adjuster has extensive 

classroom and field training and is constantly studying to maintain his or her certification.

Your responsibilities 

Report crop damage promptly: 

• Before replanting (many policies have replanting payments),

• Within 72 hours of discovery of damage,

• 15 days before harvest begins (if loss is possible),

• Within 15 days after harvesting is completed (by insurance unit) or the end of the

insurance period.

Caution: Do not destroy evidence that is needed to support your claim without clear direction

from the insurance company, preferably in writing. 

For more information: 

Contact a crop insurance agent. To find an agent, visit our online locator at:

https://www.rma.usda.gov/Information-Tools/Agent-Locator-Page. 

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