Colombia: Fundacion Hijos de la Sierra Flor, SIERRA FLOR (CO-474), an NGO implementing an
employment creation and income generation program, provided training in business management skills
including accounting , finance, and cost management to 102 men, women, and youth,

Costa Rica: Confederacién Nacional de Centros Agricolas Cantonales, CONACAC (CR-314), a
confederation of local farmers’ associations, has trained 120 association leaders in administrative skills and
in the planning and evaluation of small-scale projects. The leaders, in turn, trained 1,300 local farmers.

EI Salvador: Universidad Luterana Salvadorefia, ULS (ES-159), an educational institution, trained 800
young men and women in organic agricultural techniques, 400 in community organization skills, and 360 in
agro-forestry, and helped 200 establish auro-forestry production systems.

Guatemala: Empresa de Consultoria en Ecotecnologia, ECOTEC (GT-224), a grassroots support
organization, trained 66 ceramic artisans to produce and market firewood-cfficient ceramic staves and 90
small-scale coffee producers to cultivate and manage firewood forests as a cash crop.

Honduras: Fducacion Comunitaria para la Salud, EDUCSA (HO-201), a grassrools support organization,
trained 2,372 low-income rural residents in establishing home gardens for growing medicinal] plants.
Another 1,425 people were trained to prepare home health remedies from locally available medicinal
plants. The project communities do not have access to pharm and rely on medicinal plants for health
care.

Nicaragua: E] Consejo de Iglesias Evangélicas Pro Alianza Denominacional, CEPAD (NC-204), an
ecumenical development assistance organization, has provided training activities for 170 women in rural
communities on micro-business administration, organizational leadership, and gender issues to prepare
them to become community leaders.

Paraguay: Servicio Agrario de Tecnologia y Organizacion Comunitaria, SATOC (PY-172), trained 188
members in soil conservation techniques, 245 members in the production of citrus, yerba maté and honey,
and 2.15 members in production planning and financial management.


BASIC HUMAN NEEDS

Satisfaction of basic human needs, in health, nutrition, housing, and sanitation

The table below summarizes a total of 176 grantees reporting on the results of Basic
Needs projects with a total of 1,042,111 beneficiaries:

Type of Necd No. of Projects | No. of Beneficiaries |
Diet/nutrition 109 391,780
Housing/habitat 75 | 72,279
Health 79 449 641
Basic Education 38 93,513
Potable water = 10 9,950
Sanitation/latrines 5 24.948
| Total 176 1,042,111

Sample Grants:

Argentina: Servicio Habitucional y de Accién Social, SEHAS {AR-293), is providing assistance to low-
income familics to improve their housing, sanitation, and related services. During the past year, 93 homes
were built, electricity was installed in 49 of them, and an emergency feeding program benefited 1,036
people. ‘The project also surveyed lots for 240 low-income people in preparation for home construction and
585 people built community meeting facilities,

Bolivia: Equipo de Técnicos Asociados para la Accion Social, ETAPAS ({BO-438), working in an expecially
poor area of Chiquisaca department, has improved the dicts of some 340 families through the introduction
of vegelable gardens and the production of eggs and meat as a result of improved animal sanitation,

Brazil: Centro de Assessoria e Estudos Urbanos, CIDADE (BR-704), an NGO that has worked for over five
years with the Porto Alegre municipal government to improve urban housing, has helped 12,185 families
obtain land titles, bring settlements into conformance with city codes, and move to improved housing.

Dominican Republic: Comité de Promocién “Progreso de los Pueblos,” CPPP (DR-247), an
integrated rura] development agency, surveyed 1,030 households participating in the project and confirmed
that 959 (93 percent) reported benefits to their houscholds as a result of the project, including access to
curative and preventive health services, potable water, household latrines, and improved agricultural
productivity utilizing soil conservation and related organic agriculture techniques introduced by project
staff. Only 31 respondents (three percent) reported nevative changes, while 40 (four percent) of those
surveyed reported no changes,

El Salvador: Promotora de la Organizacidn de Discapacitados de El] Salvador, PODES ({ES-151), a service
organization for the disabled, has provided 141 war victims with artificial limbs and repaired artificial
limbs for another 100, while providing basic orientation and support for 811 disabled individuals, giving
them a new sense of mobility and acceptance.

Guatemala: Empresa de Consultoria en Ecotecnologia, ECOTEC {GT-224), a grassroots support
organization thal works in highland Guatemala, trained 66 local artisans to produce firewood efficient
ccramic stoves, and assisted the artisans to market 1,385 stoves to families over the past year. The stove
requires 40% less firewood than previously used, thereby reducing smoke-related health hazards for an
estimated 8,000 family members.


OWLEDGE & SKILLS

Acquisition of the knowledge and/or skills required to assume responsibilities and
carry out tasks that improve income and access to better quality of life.

The table below summarizes the results of 206 Foundation grants concerned
with teaching or improving new skills of project beneficiaries:

Type of Skill/Knowledge No. Beneficiaries acquiring new skills
Vocational skills _ 7,205
Organizational/‘management 18,793
skills .
Civic education‘leadership 12.115
Credit/financial management 7,028
Health/sanitation 75,901
| Marketing 3,869
Production techniques 34,467 |
Resource 8,768
conservation/management 7
Research survey and 249
evaluation techniques -
Total _ 168,395

ample Grants:

Argentina: Centro Regional para el Autodesarrollo Local, CREAR {AR-303), used a participatory
diagnostic technique to evaluate the sanitation and infrastructure needs of its member producers. As a
result, a total of 215 individuals achieved new knowledge and skills, The grantce trained 85 individuals in
2oal sanitation, 70 in nutrition and 60 in goat production.

Bolivia: Accién Intemacional por la Salud, AIS (30-272), in its last year of grant activity, trained 70
medical students in preventive health and arranged for them to visit 280 indigenous communities in the
altiplano, providing basic checkups and health care information to almost 3000 families and referring those
with greater health care needs to the appropriate health centers.

Bolivia: Antropdlogos del Sur Andino, ASUR (BO-421), A number of the 200 Jalca weavers trained to
recover traditional textile production have learned to teach Jess experienced weavers in traditional Jalca
designs and techniques, thereby ensuring the survival of a significant part of Bolivia’s cultural patrimony
and creating sources of income in Jalea communities.

Brazil: Departamento Sindical de Estudos Rurais, DESER (BR-748), an NGO that trains networks of
small-scale farmers in southern Brazil, trained 910 commumity leaders to develop proposals for
presentation and negotiation with local governments.

Brazil: Centro de Agricultura Ecoldgica Ipé, CAF. (BR-761), an NGO which provides training. technical
assistance, and markcling services to small-scale farmers in Rio Grande do Sul, instructed 12 producer
association leaders from two agroindustry technologies in measuring sugar and acid content of processed
food.


EMPLOYMENT & INCOME

Creation of new jobs, preservation of jobs, upgrading of jobs, an increase in income

The table below reflects results from 152 active grants that focus their activitics
on jobs:

Created Improved Conserved Total
46,426 15,464 16,683 78,573

Sample Grants:

Brazil: Cento de Tecnologias Alicrnativas Populares, CETAP (BR-655), an NGO which provides
training and technical assistance in organic production to small-scale farmers in Rio Grande do Sul,
enabled communities to create 40 jobs related to corn sced production and fruit marketing; improved
working conditions for 2,500 farmers by climinatiny agrotoxics; and maintained 200 youth on family farms
through courses to improve production and sales; a total of 2,740 jobs crcaled, improved, or maintained.

Costa Rica: Asociacion de Consultores para la Integracién y Accién Regional, ACIAR (CR-313), an
NGO managing a Joan fund, has provided financial support to farmers and micro-entreprencurs resulting in
the creation of 114 new jobs and increased incomes for another 288 workers.

Ecuador: Fundacién Internacional para la Asistencia Comunitaria del Ecuador, FINCA (EC-353}, an
international program that helps low-income individuals and groups form village savings and credit banks
to strengthen existing self-employment, reported that 2,250 beneficiaries, the majority of them women,
conserved their jobs as a result of improved savings and credit.

El] Salvador: Asociacién Cooperativa de Produccién Pesqucra de Puerto Parada , ACOPARADA (ES-117),
an 86-member fishing cooperative, acquired 22 new boats, thereby creating full-time employment fur 44
fishermen and temporary employment in related activities for an additional 34 beneficiaries.

Honduras: Escuela Técnica de Artes y Oficios de Qecidente, RTAOO (HO-196), a private, non-profit,
vocational training school for youth, created 70 jobs by helping graduates establish 20 microcnterprises in
Santa Rosa de Copan. ‘Training also assisted approximately 350 youth to improve their vocational skills
and subsequently obtain better paying jobs. ETAOO was created through a parmership among a local
bank, the municipal government, and several non-governmental organizations, The Banco del Occidente
makes loans to graduates of ETAOO to help them establish microcnterprises,

Mexico: Asesoria Técnica a Comunidades Oaxaquefias, ASETECO (ME-405), an NGO in the state of
Oaxaca, supports a micro-regional development program in lwo watershed areas that involves government,
business, and community organizations. As a result of project activities to assist women in the
establishment of small businesses, 658 jobs have been created and 80 existing jobs have been upgraded.

Nicaragua: Cooperativa La Paz Centro (NC-180), a savings and credit cooperative, during a four
period, expanded membership from 95 to 535 individuals who received loans enabling them to generate
1,777 new jobs and preserve another 697 positions,

Paraguay: Organivacién Campesina del Este (PY-163), an association of agricultural producers,
through the application of new and advanced technologies, bas increased yield per hectare as well as


Honduras: Santa Cruz (HO-219), a grassroots community organization, helped 350 families in their
community improve basic health and sanitation conditions by enclosing farm animals and improving water
and wusle removal systems. The project increased income and improved diets by introducing a dainy
operation that increased local milk consumption and made calves available to community members.

Nicaragua: Cooperativa La Union (NC-210), a savings and credit cooperative, through its expanded
credit program, has enabled as many as 80% of ils 260 members to improve their housing, acquire prompt
and thorough medical treatment, and generate increased income to address clothing and dietary needs.

Paraguay: Orvanizacién Campesina del Este (PY-163), an association of agricultural producers, reports
$7% of participating families, or 796 people, improved their diets with increased grain, vegetable and egg
consumption while 13% or 119 people remained the same.


the area in production for 732 farmers. As a consequence, farm labor was higher paid, increasing worker
incomes,

Brazil: Associacio dos Pequenos Agricultores do Municipio de Valente, APAEB (BR-756), an
association of farmers producing agave in the interior of the northeast state of Bahia, has raised the salaries
of the 300 workers in their sisal fiber rug factory by 20%, to $152 per month, as a result of the volume of
production and sales.

Costa Rica: San Buenaventura (CR-308), a small-furmer association, established a rice drymg and
processing facility which cnabled member annual incomes to increase from $1,840 to $2,850, a 54%
increase.

Nicaragua: Cooperativa de Productores Agropecuarios de Rivas, COODEPARI (NC-219), a multi-
service cooperative, has utilized a micro-business credit program to help small-scale farmers and micro-
entrepreneurs initiate activities that increase their annual incomes to an average of $1,147 which is 105%
above the national averaye for similar economic activities.



ao

RESULTS

Grassroots Development
at Work



and the Municipality of Guamote, has leveraged a property valued at $300,000 from the Government of
Ecuador. This asset, a Jarge hacienda with buildings for a taining center, dormitories, and a tree nursery,
has been given to the Local Development Committee of Guamote, and will be used for training, technical
assistance, and reforestation efforts.

EI Salvador: Asociacién Cooperativa de Produccién Pesquera de Puerto Parada, ACOPARADA (ES-117),
an 86-member fishing cooperative, received equipment (boals, motors, nets, truck, and an ice-making unit)
worth $653,000 from the Government of Japan to increase and upgrade its marketing operations.

Honduras: Fundacion para ¢] Desarrollo de las Comunidades Cafeteras de Honduras, 'UNBANHCAFE
(HO-222), an NGO providing technical assistance in organic agriculture and environmental management to
small-scale coffee farmers. mobilized approximately $300,000. Of this total, 93% came from national
private sources or the coffee farming communities. The other seven percent came from international
privale sources such as CARE and Miserior of Germany.

Mexico: Asesoria Técnica a Comunidades Oaxaquenas, ASETECO (ME-405), supports a micro-regional
development prograin in two watersheds in Oaxaca and is carrying out a state-wide inventory of forest
resources to develop the community forestry sector. ASETECO has mobilized nearly $700,000 in cash for
project activities, including a significant financial contribution from a private bank,

Mexico: Fundacion DEMOS (MU-393) is supporting the Asociaciones Unidas para el Desarrollo y
Accién Social de Tijuana, A.C. (AUDAS) to establish a community foundation and to capitalize a small
projects fund for four major Mexican border cities. To date, DEMOS has successfully leveraged $520,000
to add to the initial $106,000 donated by the Foundation,

Nicaragua: Asociacion de Trabajadores de Desarrollo Rural Benjamin Linder, ALDER-BL (NC-196), a
local development association managing a sustainable agriculture loan fund, has negotiated assistanve from
the Ministries of Environment and Natural Resources, Health, and Education; has cvordinated local
watershed projects that have incorporated the assistance of the local municipal vovernment; and, has
enlisted the National Universily lo send students to assist in erosion control and deforestation popular
education campaigns.

Nicaragua: Asociucién para cl Desarrollo de la Costa Atlantica, PANA PANA (NC-205), a development
association working with the indigenous communities of the Atlantic Coast, has mobilized $128,950 for its
local development credit fund from international development agencies of Spain and Canada.

Paraguay: Centro Paraguayo de Cooperativistas, CPC (PY-150}, has leveraged a total of $715,790. OF
this total, $237,899 are internal to the organization, $7.823 are national public resources, $31,260 are
national private resources, $16,227 are international public resources and $422,581 are international private
resources.

Venezuela: Fundazulia (VZ-144) has mobilized approximately $180,000 from public and private funds,
at the national and international levels, including $104,000 from the state government and the Ministry of
the Family.

Yenezuela: Consorcio para el Desarrollo Urbanistico y Ambiental de Ja Quebrada de Catuche, CATUCHE.
(VZ-141), a consortium of urban low-income neighborhoods situated in deep ravines in Caracas, has
mobilized $329,064: $171,321 from its own members and collaborators, in infrastructure and human
resources; $104,734 from national public sources, including the Social Strengthening Fund of the Ministry
of the Family, for sanitation and communily organization; and, $53,009 in private, international funds,
inchiding Manos Unidas de Uspafia.


REPLICATION & BEST PRACTICES

This indicator measures the incorporation or dissemination of new approaches to
Problems or new ways of relating to people, based on grant experience

The table below reflects responses from 91 grantee organizations which replicated,
adopted, or scaled up a methodology demonstrated by the grantee organization and
the number of direct beneficiaries, by type of entity (public or private) at cach level
(local, regional, national, international).

Organizations | Local Regional National International | TO'TAL
| Public 2900 - 1380 3100 186.0 9240
20,800 P 191,560 P 37,500 P 6,500 P 256,360 P
Private 609 0 1980 5120 350 13540
32,790 P | 39.450P 24,690 P 6,250 P 103,180 P
| vorar. 8990 3360 8220 2210 2,278.0
53,590P | 231,010 P 62,190 P 12,750 P 359,540 P

(Q= organizations; P persons benefited)

Sample Grants

Bolivia: Winaymarca (BO-374), an NGO which specializes in traditional Andean agriculture, developed
a methodology for raised-bed agriculture which has been replicated by the Peasant Agricultural
Confederation, the Bolivian Army, the Catholic University and the University of San Andrés, and the
Bolivian National Brewery. It was disseminated in Ecuador by the Swedish Technical Cooperation
Agency,

Bolivia: Centro de Multiservicios Educativos, CEMSE (BO-425), an NGO which specializes in education,
reports that six organizations haye replicated its methodology for using student health brigades to identify
community health problems and clicit grassroots community responses. These organizations include the
Jocal government of Cruz Alto, a section of La Paz, the La Paz departmental police headquarters, Bolivia’s
Social Investment Fund, and the Inti Raymi Foundation which has formed student brigades to work with
community organizations in the town of Oruro, Estimates are that between 20,000 and 30,000 persons
have been reached throuyh these brigades and related service programs.

Brazil; Administragio e Finangas para o Desenvolvimento, AFINCO. {BR-716), an NGO which provides
training and technical assistance to NGOs in the area of administration and accounting, developed software
which was adopted by 12 national organizations and onc international group; three donor agencies adopted
AFINCO's auditing methodology.

Brazil: Instituigio Comunitiria de Crédito PORTOSOL (BR-760), a community credit bank for
microenterprises in Porto Alegre, has served us the model for the National Economic and Social
Development Bank's “Solidarity Credit Program” to creale similar institutions throughout Brazil. Seven
municipalities have already installed such banks, and 13 other cities are in the final phase of installation; 70


EMPLOYMENT & I

Creation of new jobs, preservation of jobs, upgrading of jobs, an increase in income

The table below reflects results from 152 active grants that focus their activitics
on jobs:

Created Improved Conserved : Total
46,426 15,464 16,683 78,573

Sample Grants:

Brazil: Centro de Tccnologias Alternativas Populares, CETAP (BR-655), an NGO which provides
training and technical assistance in organic production to stnall-scule farmers in Rio Grande do Sul,
enabled communities to create 40 jobs related to corn seed production and fruit marketing; improved
working conditions for 2,500 farmers by climinating agrotoxics; and maintained 200 youth on family farms
through courses to improve production and sales; a total of 2,740 jobs created, improved, or maintained.

Costa Rica: Asociacién de Consultores para la Integracion y Accién Regional, ACIAR (CR-313
NGO managing u loan fund, has provided financial support to farmers and micro-entrepreneurs resulting in
the creation of 114 new jobs and increased incomes for another 288 workers.

Ecuador: Fundacién Internacional para la Asistencia Comunitaria del Ecuador, FINCA (EC-353}, an
international program that helps low-income individuals and groups form village savings and credit banks
to strengthen existing self-employment, reported thal 2,250 heneficiaries, the majority of them women,
conserved their jobs as a result of improved savings and credit

EI Salvador: Asociacién Cooperativa de Produccitin Pesquera de Puerto Parada , ACOPARADA (ES-117),
an 86-member fishing cooperative, acquired 22 new boats, thereby creating full-time employment for 44
fishermen and temporary employment in related activities for an additional 34 beneficiaries

Honduras: Escuela Técnica de Artes y Oficios de Occidente, EVAQO (HO-196), a private, non-profit,
vocational training school for youth, created 70 jobs by helping graduates establish 20 microenterprises in
Santa Rosa de Copan. Training also assisted approximately 350 youth to improve their vocational skills
and subsequently obtain better paying johs. ETAOO was created through a partnership among a local
bank, the municipal government, and several non-governmental organizations. The Banco del Occidente
makes loans to graduates of ETAOO to help them establish microenterprises.

Mexico: Asesoria Técnica a Comunidades Oaxaqueiias, ASETECO (ME-405), an NGO in the state of
Oaxaca, supports a micro-regional development program in two watershed areas that involves government,
business, and community organizations, As a result of project activities to assist women in the
establishment of small businesses, 658 jobs have been created and 80 existing jobs have been upgraded.

Nicaragua: Cooperativa La Paz Centro (NC-180), a savings and credit cooperative, during a four
period, expanded membership from 95 to 535 individuals who received loans enabling them to gencrate
1,777 new jobs and preserve another 697 positions.

Paraguay: rganizacion Campesina del Este (PY-163), an association of agricultural producers,
through the application of new and advanced technologies, has increased yield per hectare as well as


BASIC HUMAN NEEDS

Satisfaction of basic human needs, in health, nutrition, housing, and sanitation

The table below summarizes a total of 176 grantees reporting on the results of Basic
Needs projects with a total of 1,042,111 beneficiaries:

Type of Necd No. of Projects _| No. of Beneficiaries |
Diet/nutrition 109° 391,780
Housing/habitat 75 | 72,279
Health 79 449 641
Basic Education 38 93,513
Potable water 10 9,950
Sanitation/latrines 15 24.948
| Total 176 1,042,111

Sample Grants:

Argentina: Servicio Habitucional y de Accién Social, SEHAS {AR-293), is providing assistance to low-
income families to improve their housing, sanitation, and related services. During the past year, 93 homes
were built, electricity was installed in 49 of them, and an emergency feeding program benefited 1,036
people. ‘The project also surveyed lots for 240 low-income people in preparation for home construction and
585 people built community meeting facilities,

Bolivia: Equipo de Técnicos Asociados para la Accion Social, ETAPAS (BO-438), working in an expecially
poor area of Chiquisaca department, has improved the dicts of some 340 families throuh the introduction
of vegelable gardens and the production of eggs and meat as a result of improved animal sanitation,

Brazil: Centro de Assessoria e Estudos Urbanos, CIDADE (BR-704), an NGO that has worked for over five
years with the Porto Alegre municipal government to improve urban housing, has helped 12,185 families
obtain land titles, bring settlements into conformance with city codes, and move to improved housing.

Dominican Republic: Comité de Promocién “Progreso de los Pueblos,” CPPP (DR-247), an
integrated rural development agency, surveyed 1,030 households participating in the project and confirmed
that 959 (93 percent) reported benefits to their houscholds as a result of the project, including access to
curative and preventive health services, potable water, household latrines, and improved agricultural
productivity utilizing soil conscrvation and related organic agriculture techniques introduced by project
staff. Only 31 respondents (three percent) reported negative changes, while 40 (four percent) of those
surveyed reported no changes,

El Salvador: Promotora de la Organizacidn de Discapacitados de E] Salvador, PODES (ES-151), a service
organization for the disabled, has provided 141 war victims with artificial limbs and repaired artificial
limbs for another 100, while providing basic orientation and support for 811 disabled individuals, giving
them a new stnsc of mobility and acceptance.

Guatemala; Empresa de Consultoria en Ecotecnologia, ECOTEC (GT-224), a grassroots support
organization thal works in highland Guatemala, trained 66 local artisans to produce firewood efficient
ceramic stoves, and assisted the artisans to market 1,385 stoves to families over the past year. The stove
requires 40% less firewood than previously used, thereby reducing smoke-related health hazards for an
estimated 8,000 family members.


staff members of community hanks have been trained hy PORTOSOL, and software it created is being sold
to the new banks. The National Bank of Brazil has invited PORTOSOL to develop a proposal to serve
as a direct consultant to the bank to replicate the program.

Colombia: Fmpresa Encomandita por Acciones, AGROACIUAR (CO-475), a farmer owned
corporation producing vegetables for local and regiona) markets, has received visits from 211 persons
representing 20 Colombian and international organizations, to learn from the production, processing, and
marketing work underway.

Costa Ri Asociacién Nacional de Agricultura , ANAO (CR-312), an association of organic farmers,
has had ten national NGOs and two international organizations incorporate the ANAO methodologies in
organic farming and marketing into their own practices,

Dominican Republic: The Centro Bond (DR-270) is an NGO providing education, technical
assistance and related support services to community organizations in Santo Domingo’s low-income slum
neighborhoods, At least four public sector agencies (including the Santo Domingo City Government, the
Presidential Commission for Neighborhood Development, and the National Commission on Urban Affairs),
along, with an estimated 70 private support agencies and neighborhood federations, have adopted and
applied the Center's participatory loca] development methodologies. In the first half of 1998, the Center
promoted the signing of a multi-parly agreement between the city government and community
organizations establishing a framework for city government-civil society collaboration in the provision of
municipal services at the neighborhood level,

Ecuador: Fundacién Internacional para la Asistencia Comunitaria del Ecuador, FINCA (EC-353), an
international program that helps low-income individuals and groups form village savings and credit banks,
bas seen an Ecuadorian bank (Solidario) adopt its village banking model to promote saving at the
community level with 117 organizutions and 2,250 people,

Guatemala: ALTERTEC (GT-230), an NGO that provides technical assistance in organic agriculture
and environmental management Lo small-scale producers, has disseminated its sustainable agricultural
practices to 150 local organizations (25 public, 125 private), 13 regional organizations (5 public, 8 private),
7 national organizations (2 public, 5 private), and 5 international organizations (2 public, 3 private)
benefiting 17,000 small-scale producers.

Honduras: Fundacion para el Desarrollo de las Comunidades Cafetcras de Honduras, FUNBANHCAFE
(HO-222), helped 6 local und 2 national organizations adopt its methodology for low-income rural
communities to manage their watersheds while adopting environmentally sustainable agricultural practices.
FUNBANHCAFE is an NGO created by a major Honduran coffee bank, BANIICAFE, to assist the
country’s lowest income coffee growing communities,

Mexico: Centro de Apoyo al Movimiento Popular de Oaxaca, CAMPO (MF-404), is supporting local
development in the state of Ouxaca by cooperating with indigenous communities in the preparation of
local, municipal, and regional development plans, and by increasing the ability of these communities to
mobilize resources to implement the plans. This year, CAMPO helped representatives from 39
organizations, five municipal governments and 34 indigenous community organizations, apply a
development planning methodology.

Nicaragua: Asociacién de Desarrollo Social de Nicaragua, ASDENIC (NC-193), a local development
association, had its credit methodology adopted by the development association in the neighboring
Department of Estelf and by the National Furmers Union's loan fund for women producers.


The Grassroots Development Framework

TANGIBLE

Policy Environment
Lows

Policies

Practices

Organizational Capability
Planning

Administration

Resources

ReachiLinkages

Standard of Living
Basic Needs
Knowledge! Skills
Employment/Income
Assets

INTANGIBLE

Community Norms
Values

Attitudes

Relations

ional Culture

Organi:
Vision
Democrotic Practice
Autonomy

Solidarity

Personal Capacity
Self-esteem

Cultural Identity
Creativity

Critical Reflection

An Example of the GDF Applied

When the Framework was applied to assess the effectiveness of an
Inter-American Foundation project in Mexico, PAIR. (Program for
Integrated Use of Natural Resources}, it became clear just how different
a project can look through the wider GDF lens, Traditional monitoring
of this grant for non-timber forest products demonstrated that PAIR.
worked with two municipalities in the state of Qaxaca to improve cof-
fee production, introduce vanilla and cacao crops, protect hardwood
forests, and begin a reforestation project. The project upgraded 20
hectares of coffee. planced 20 hectares of cacao, and established nine
experimental plots of vanilla. A nursery, completed through the project,
provided 5,000 secdiings of cedar and aguatillo (a tree that is indigenous
to the region), which were transplanted into fields. These results, the
type of findings reported through traditional analysis. can also be meas-
ured according to GDF CATEGORIES: Standard of Living and
Organizational Capability.

Notwithstanding the importance of these material benefits, there
are other impartant outcomes to expect of grassroots development
projects, Failures or successes in these areas are made apparent
through the GDF. A project examined through the GDF Framework
allows us to evaluate whether ic is effecting die type of intangible bene-
fits chat secure long-term returns in grassroots development. Is the
project producing worthwhile lessons that benefit more people than
the grantees involved directly? Are people learning through the project?
Are the grantees involved acquiring skills that are applicable co other
activities related to their livelihood and civil society? The GDF sets a
standard for grassroots development projects to incorporate these con-
siderations and through the Framework we can measure a broader
spectrum of results.

In the project, PAIR collaborated with six majar non-govern-
mental organizations (NGOs). Therefore the project's influence
expanded to an additional 10 municipalities, involving NGOs, the
Mexican government, and peasant organizations. Working In 2 com-
munity, not in isolation, is a key component of a successful grassroots
development project and PAIR's effect on civil society is evident
through the application of a GDF. Moreover, on the strength of
PAIR’s wack record in natural resource planning in Oaxaca and other
states, several of its founders were named to nacional posts in the
Mexican government's Office of the Secretary of Environment,
Natural Resources, and Fishing (SEMARNAP). As the Secretary.
Undersecretary for Planning of SEMARNAP, and Director of
Regional Development, these grassroots development innovators
promoted approaches to natural resource use and conservation on a
national scale, based on practices learned at PAIR. These results
would be measured according to GDF CATEGORIES: Personal
Capacity, Organizational Culture, Community Norms, and Policy
Environment.

This exampie is drown from an article ly Marion Ritchey Vance in the Grassroats
Development journal, Yolume 20, No.1, 1996, “Social Capitol, Sustoinaitty

cand Working Democracy: New Yardsticks for Grassroots Development.” For 0
more in-depth explanation of the GDF, wsit our Website, wwwicf gov

703,306.4301 Fax: 703, 306.4365

SARI,

Ki ‘A

is ie]
ee

Inter-American Foundation, 901 N, Stuart St., Arlington, Virginia, USA 22203 Tel:


INTER-AMERICAN FOUNDATION

RESULTS
Grassroots Development at Work
A Sample from the IAF Portfolio of Grants for FY 1998

In a world of growing demand and dwindling resources, results are vital. Results can inform decisions,
signal challenges, and confirm success. For these reasons, the Inter-American Foundation (IAF) devised a
system to measure the results of development projects. Employing lessons learned from supporting over
4,000 projects, the IAF created the Grassroots Development Framework (GDF), Since the pilot testing and
application of the GDF throughout Latin America and the Caribbean, several international development
assistance organizations have consulted with the LAF about adapting the GDF for their own needs.

‘The GDF serves both the grantee organization and the donor agency. The GDF provides grantees with a
ancans of setting gouls to be achieved in their development project, The GDF also provides a balanced
tncchanism to report on the shortcomings und the achievements of development projects. ‘The GDF
provides donor agencies with a tool to measure impact

How does the GDF Work?

Jn business, profits are the bottom line. In grassroots development, a project must generate material benefits
and more to effect an improvement in the quality of life for the poor. Because poverty is not merely a lack
of income, but a lack of access to a range of needs (including education, healthcare, housing, and the
capacity to participate as an active citizen), the GDF merges those indicators into one tool

TAF experience has demonstrated that each Project can plant a seed for change, Grassroats development
produces results for individuals, organizations, and society, The GDF incorporates the widening impact of a

grassroots development project from individuals, through organizations, to society at large—the three
LEVELS of the GDF.

Moreover, a development project is a special kind of investment that must bring tangible and intangible
returns, ‘That is why the GDF is divided into two SECTIONS to measure both types of benefits. ‘The [AF
determines how a project addresses that broad agenda of development through six CATEGORIES of
needs: Standard of Living, Personal Capacity, Organizational Capability, Organizational Culture, Policy
Environment, and Community Norms. Inside these categories are forty-five INDICATORS, which
Measure results at cach level, the individual, organizational and societal. LAF Teports apply quantitative
and qualitative analysis contained in the GDF to assess the progress of a grassroots development project.

The following is @ presentation of grant resulis obtained from among a random selection of grantees of the
JAF. The results are organized according to a sample of five specific INDICATORS drawn from LAF’s
resulis measurement system, the GDF. The following INDICATORS chosen for this sample reflect the
results of the IAF grants that provided for:

Basic Human Needs
Employment and Income
Knowledge and Skills
Resources and Sustainability
Replication and Practices


RESOURCES & SUSTAINABILITY

Mobilizing and leveraging resources fram local, national, and international sources to
enhance project activities. Sustainability ix the ability of an organization to maintain or
increase its resource base over the long term.

The table below reflects the amount and type of resources leveraged by 179
grantees from internal, national, or international sources:

” ee - 7 =

Resources | Internal to National National International | International TOTAL
Organization Public Private Public Private

Financial $16.349,791 $17,031,036 S7,587,252 $6,482,539 $14.897,89] $62,348,509

Materiat $9,819,842 $1,353,515 S895.466, $1,009,282 $1,097,609 $14,173,714

Human S3,33K,N19 $676,192 $517,132 $347,782 S878.067 $5,357,992

TOTAL $29,508,452 $19,060,743 $8,997,850 $7,839,603 $16,873,567 $82,280.2 15 |

Sample Grants

Argentina: Servicio en Promocién Humana, SERVIPROH (AR-312), leveraged $311,796. Grantee
marketing activities generated $163,554; $34,791 came from various national programs; $30,412 was
leveraged from the Minetti and Arcor Foundations, and $83,039 came from international sources including
Miserior of Germany,

Bolivia: Over a six-year period, Centro de Mulliservicios Educativos, CEMSE (BO-425), an NGO
specialized in education and health, ved $164,560 from the Foundation, generated nearly $400,000 in
cash and in-kind and contributions, attracted an additional $90,000 from the pubic sector, and $158,000
from the private sector.

Bolivia: Inti Raymi Foundation (BO-461) has leveraged approximately $200,000 from public scetor and
local communily resources for 10 projects as counterpart to nearly $61,000 provided from the Local
Development Fund, jointly financed by Inti Raymi and the Foundation.

Brazil: Associagiio dos Pequenos Agricultores do Municipio de Valente, APAEB (BR-756), an
association of agave plant farmers in the interior of the northeast state of Bahia, raised $1.62 million from
international donor agencies, development banks, and national lending institutions.

Colombia: Empresa Encomandita por Acciones, AGROACTUAR (CQ-475), a farmer-owned
corporation managing a project to increase crop yields and open new markets for stnull-scale farmer
produce, has assembled a parmership that hus cnahled it to mobilize $386,197 from local and national
government, from universities, and from international sources.

Costa Rica: Asociacion de Pequefios Productores de Talamanca, APPTA (CR-243), an organic fruits and
vegetables production and marketing association of 800 indigenous farmers in the Talamanca region, has
mobilized more than $494,000 from both national and international sources for its processing and packing
facility.

Ecuador; Comite de Desarrollo Local de Guamote, GUAMOTE (UC-364), an alliance among
I1highland indigenous organizations covering 82 communities, a multi-community women's organization,