**NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL LIBRARY ARCHIVED FILE**

# 

### January 1989 - January 1994

***United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Library 10301 Baltimore Blvd. Beltsville, Maryland  20705-2351***

**QB 94-17**

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 Read Bullet 16 on ALF for information on Document Delivery services.  Read Bullet 15 for "Electronic Mail Access For Interlibrary Loan (ILL) Requests."  If the text of this Quick Bibliography file is copied and/or distributed, please include in all copies, the information provided in these bulletins.Training Material for Animal Facility Personnel January 1989 - January 1994 

  Quick Bibliography Series:  QB 94-17 Updates QB 91-07

 219 citations in English from AGRICOLA 

 Tim Allen Animal Welfare Information Center  

  March 1994National Agricultural Library Cataloging Record: 

 Allen, Tim   Training material for animal facility personnel.   (Quick bibliography series ; 94-17)   1. Animals--Handling--Bibliography. I. Title. aZ5071.N3 no.94-17 

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 Citations in this bibliography were entered in the AGRICOLA database between January 1979 and the present. 

```
SAMPLE CITATIONS
 
 Citations in this bibliography are from the National Agricultural Library's
 AGRICOLA database.  An explanation of sample journal article, book, and
 audiovisual citations appears below.
 
 JOURNAL ARTICLE:
 
   Citation #                                     NAL Call No.
    Article title.
    Author.  Place of publication:  Publisher.  Journal Title.
    Date.  Volume (Issue).  Pages.  (NAL Call Number).
 
 Example:
   1                             NAL Call No.:  DNAL 389.8.SCH6
    Morrison, S.B.  Denver, Colo.:  American School Food Service
    Association.  School foodservice journal.  Sept 1987. v. 41
    (8). p.48-50. ill.
 
 BOOK:
 
   Citation #                                   NAL Call Number
    Title.
    Author.  Place of publication:  Publisher, date. Information
    on pagination, indices, or bibliographies.
 
 Example:
   1                        NAL Call No.:  DNAL RM218.K36 1987
    Exploring careers in dietetics and nutrition.
    Kane, June Kozak.  New York:  Rosen Pub. Group, 1987.
    Includes index.  xii, 133 p.: ill.; 22 cm.  Bibliography:
    p. 126.
 
 AUDIOVISUAL:
 
   Citation #                                  NAL Call Number
    Title.
    Author.  Place of publication:  Publisher, date.
    Supplemental information such as funding.  Media format
    (i.e., videocassette):  Description (sound, color, size).
 
 Example:
   1                    NAL Call No.: DNAL FNCTX364.A425 F&N AV
    All aboard the nutri-train.
    Mayo, Cynthia.  Richmond, Va.:  Richmond Public Schools,
    1981.  NET funded.  Activity packet prepared by Cynthia
    Mayo.  1 videocassette (30 min.): sd., col.; 3/4 in. +
    activity packet.Training Material for Animal Facility Personnel
                                          January 1989 - January 1994
 
 
 
                             SEARCH STRATEGY
 
 Set        Items      Description
 
 1          108962     train? or educat? or handbook? or guide? or manual? or
                       instruct? or primer? or seminar? or symposium
 2           91789     laborator? or research or technician? or handl? or caretaker?
                       or personnel or zookeeper? or keeper? or technologist? or
                       scientist? or investigator?
 3           14265     s1 and s2
 4            1670     s3 and animal?
 5            1539     s4 not SF=FNC
 6            1331     s5 and SH=L?
 7             396     s6 and PY=1989:1994
 
 
 
**Training Material for Animal Facility Personnel**
 
 
 1                                                       NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33
 1991 Lab Animal Buyers' Guide.
 New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1990 Nov.
 Lab animal v. 19 (8): p. 7-87; 1990 Nov.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Buyers' guides
 
 
 2                                                       NAL Call. No.: 410 B77
 Acoustic structure and receiver response in domestic dogs, Canis familiaris.
 McConnell, P.B.
 London : Academic Press; 1990 May.
 Animal behaviour v. 39 (pt.5): p. 897-904; 1990 May.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Dogs; Animal behavior; Sounds; Acoustic properties; Physical
 activity
 
 Abstract:  The hypothesis that short, rapidly repeated rising notes increase
 motor activity levels in canids, and that longer, continuous descending notes
 decrease activity was tested. Young laboratory-raised domestic dogs were
 trained in a repeated measures study to (1) come to the trainer and to (2) sit
 and stay for 2 s to two different acoustic stimuli: four short notes with a
 rising fundamental frequency and one long note with a descending fundamental
 frequency. While one long note was not more effective at eliciting a sit/stay
 response, four short notes were more effective at eliciting a come response
 and increasing motor activity levels than one longer continuous note. Thus,
 acoustic stimuli are not equipotent in eliciting responses that require
 changes in motor activity levels and could be used by signal senders to
 influence the behaviour of the signal receiver. The acoustic structures in the
 study are compared with vocalizations of mammals and birds that elicit
 approach, and/or increase motor activity levels.
 
 
 3                                                    NAL Call. No.: HV4915.A35
 Administration, education, and the Animal Care Committee [conference
 prodeedings].
 Public Responsibility in Medicine and Research (Association),Tufts University,
 School of Veterinary Medicine
 Boston, Mass. : PRIM&R, [1989]; 1989.
 150, 5 p. ; 28 cm.  Cover title.  Held at the Boston Park Plaza Hotel on March
 9-10, 1989.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare; Laboratory animals; Animal experimentation
 
 
 4                                                     NAL Call. No.: SF600.C82
 Agent-host interactions and pathogenesis.
 Kimberlin, R.H.
 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1991.
 Current topics in veterinary medicine and animal science v. 55: p. 137-147;
 1991.  In the series analytic: Sub-acute spongiform encephalopathies / edited
 by R. Bradley, M. Savey, and B. Marchant. Proceedings of a Seminar in the CEC
 Agricultural Research Programme, November 12-14, 1990, Brussels.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Ruminants; Spongiform encephalopathy; Laboratory mammals; Disease
 transmission
 
 
 5                                                     NAL Call. No.: HV4712.A4
 Alternatives to dissection.
 National Association for Humane and Environmental Education (U.S.)
 East Haddam, CT : National Association for Humane and Environmental Education,
 c1990; 1990.
 1 portfolio : ill. ; 31 cm.  Cover title.  Includes bibliographical
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Humane education; Dissection; Animal welfare
 
 
 6                                                      NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3
 Alternatives to the use of animals in household product and cosmetic testing.
 Bruner, L.H.
 Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association; 1992 Mar01.
 Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association v. 200 (5): p. 669-673;
 1992 Mar01.  Paper presented at the symposium "Animal welfare and alternatives
 to animals--current knowledge and research needs", July 31, 1991, Seattle,
 Washington.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal testing alternatives; Testing; Cosmetics; Non-food
 products
 
 
 7                                                      NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3
 Alternatives to the use of conventional research animals in neoplasia
 research.
 Ladiges, W.C.
 Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association; 1992 Mar01.
 Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association v. 200 (5): p. 674-676;
 1992 Mar01.  Paper presented at the symposium "Animal welfare and alternatives
 to animals--current knowledge and research needs", July 31, 1991, Seattle,
 Washington.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal testing alternatives; Medical research; Neoplasms; Animal
 models; Disease models
 
 
 8                                          NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.976
 American College of Toxicology composite.
 American College of Toxicology, Meeting_1990 :_Orlando, Fla.), Production Plus, Inc
 Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors 1990 : Orlando, Fla.
 Closter, N.J. : Production Plus, Inc., [1990?]; 1990.
 2 videocassettes (207 min., 29 sec.) : sd., col. ; 3/4 in.  VHS.  Proceedings
 of Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors, Orlando, Fla., 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare; Laboratory animals
 
 Abstract:  This program was specifically designed to provide information for
 study directors and also principal investigators to be in full compliance with
 USDA animal welfare regulations but is also of value for those involved in
 animal care. Specific areas required for training under the Act are included
 in addition to information on the necessity for animal research.
 
 
 9                                                       NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5
 The American veterinarians' role and education in laboratory animal science.
 Stark, D.M.
 Sussex : The Institute; 1989 Dec.
 Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 40 (3):
 p. 199-201; 1989 Dec.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Veterinarians; Training; Zoology; Animal
 husbandry; Committees
 
 
 10                                                 NAL Call. No.: QL813.C38R67
 Anatomy of the cat text and dissection guide.
 Rosenzweig, Lionel J.
 Dubuque, IA : W.C. Brown, c1990; 1990.
 xii, 347 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.  Includes bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Cats; Anatomy; Laboratory manuals; Dissection; Laboratory manuals
 
 
 11                                               NAL Call. No.: QL812.K47 1989
 Anatomy of the vertebrates a laboratory guide.
 Martin, Donn D.; Kent, George C._1914-; Cleveland, Arthur G.
 Dubuque, Iowa : W.C. Brown, c1989; 1989.
 xiii, 88 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.  Rev. ed. of: Anatomy of the vertebrates / George
 C. Kent. 3rd ed. 1978.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Anatomy, Comparative; Laboratory manuals; Vertebrates; Anatomy;
 Laboratory manuals
 
 
 12                                                       NAL Call. No.: Q1.S37
 Animal advocates crusade for the day when animals are freed from lab cages.
 Jackson, C.
 Philadelphia, Pa. : Institute for Scientific Information :.; 1990 Sep03.
 The scientist v. 4 (17): p. 11, 13; 1990 Sep03.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Animal welfare; Laboratory animals
 
 
 13                                                   NAL Call. No.: HV4913.A54
 Animal care and use programs regulatory compliance and education in an age of
 fiscal constraint..  Educational material for: Animal care and use programs
 Regulatory compliance and education in an age of fiscal restraint
 Public Responsibility in Medicine and Research (Association), Tufts
 University, School of Medicine, Tufts University, School of Veterinary
 Medicine
 Boston, Mass.: PRIM&R, 1991; 1991.
 408 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.  Cover title.  March 21-22, 1991, Boston,
 Massachusetts.  Includes bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare; Laboratory animals; Animal experimentation;
 Animals, laboratory
 
 
 14                                                   NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33
 Animal care and use training for temporary research employees.
 Tomasovic, S. P.; Gray, K.N.; Mastromarino, A.J.; Adsit, K.I.
 New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1989 May.
 Lab animal v. 18 (4): p. 27-28, 30, 32; 1989 May.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal experiments; Animal welfare; Medical
 research; Training; Personnel
 
 
 15                                             NAL Call. No.: SF406.2.A55 1991
 Animal diet reference guide.
 PMI Feeds, Inc
 St. Louis, MO : PMI Feeds, Inc., [1991?]; 1991.
 1 v. (various pagings) : ill. ; 30 cm.  Lab Diet, the Richmond Standard.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals
 
 
 16                                             NAL Call. No.: SF406.2.A55 1992
 Animal diet reference guide., [Rev.].
 PMI Feeds, Inc
 St. Louis, MO : PMI Feeds, Inc., [1992?]; 1992.
 1 v. (various pagings) : ill. ; 30 cm.  Lab Diet, the Richmond Standard.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals
 
 
 17                                            NAL Call. No.: SF756.39.A54 1990
 Animal ethics committees the role of the veterinarian.
 Rose, Margaret; Large, Amanda
 N.S.W., Australia : Australian Veterinary Association, NSW Divisi on, [1990];
 1990.
 v, 96 p. ; 25 cm.  April 1990.  Cover title.  Proceedings of seminar on Animal
 Ethics Committees, the role of the veterinarian, held 2-3 June, 1989, AVA
 House, Atarmon, NSW.  Includes bibliographical references (p. 88-95).
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Veterinarians; Veterinary medicine; Animal welfare; Animal
 Welfare; Animals, Laboratory
 
 
 18                                                   NAL Call. No.: QH75.A1B57
 Animal germplasm information systems.
 Powell, R.L.; Norman, H.D.
 Boston : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1989.
 Biotic diversity and germplasm preservation, global imperatives / Lloyd
 Knutson and Allan K. Stoner, editors. p. 427-443; 1989. (Beltsville symposia
 in agricultural research ; 13).  Paper presented at a Symposium May 9-11,
 1988, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland.
 Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Livestock; Breeds; Gene banks; Genetic resources; Germplasm;
 Information systems; Preservation
 
 
 19                                                     NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3
 Animal research and veterinary medical research funding: a vision of the
 future.
 Wagner, W.C.
 Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association; 1992 May15.
 Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association v. 200 (10): p.
 1474-1476; 1992 May15.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal experiments; Research support; Veterinary medicine;
 Veterinary schools
 
 
 20                                             NAL Call. No.: SF407.P7T49 1991
 Animal research: our obligation to educate., 1st ed.;.
 King, F.A.
 Washington, DC : American Psychological Association ;; 1991.
 Through the looking glass: issues of psychological well-being in captive
 nonhuman primates / edited by Melinda A. Novak and Andrew J. Petto. p.
 212-220; 1991.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal experiments; Education; Public opinion; Animal welfare
 
 
 21                                                    NAL Call. No.: HV4764.A5
 The Animal rights handbook everyday ways to save animal lives..  Everyday ways
 to save animal lives
 Fraser, Laura
 Venice, Calif. : Living Planet Press ; Emeryville, Calif. : Distributed by
 Publishers Group West, c1990; 1990.
 vi, 113 p. : ill. ; 22 cm.  Includes bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English; English
 
 Descriptors: Animal rights; Animal welfare; Animal welfare; Animal rights
 
 
 22                                                      NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5
 Animal technology: the American aspect: educating the public.
 Darby, T.E.
 Sussex : The Institute; 1989 Dec.
 Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 40 (3):
 p. 211-215; 1989 Dec.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Laboratory animals; Animal welfare; Organizations; Public
 relations; Animal experiments
 
 
 23                                                      NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5
 Animal technology: the American aspect: the AALAS animal technician
 certification program.
 Heidbrink, G.A.
 Sussex : The Institute; 1989 Dec.
 Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 40 (3):
 p. 183-192. ill., maps; 1989 Dec.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Laboratory animals; Technicians; Certification; Technical
 training; Educational programs
 
 
 24                                         NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.972
 The Animal Welfare Act philosophy and intent.
 Ewald, Bruce H.
 American College of Toxicology, Meeting_1990 :_Orlando, Fla.),Production Plus, Inc
 Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors 1990 : Orlando, Fla.
 Closter, N.J. : Production Plus, Inc., [1990?]; 1990.
 1 videocassette (14 min., 40 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.  VHS.  Videotape of a
 presentation at Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors;
 presented at the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the American College of
 Toxicology, Orlando, Fla., Oct. 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare
 
 Abstract:  The history and intent of the Animal Welfare Act and the
 participatory development of regulations is presented. The specific
 responsibilities of the IACUC and the study director and principal
 investigator are outlined. The physiology of the USDA to refine skills and
 develop appropriate attitudes through education is described.
 
 
 25                                                    NAL Call. No.: SF601.J62
 Animal welfare and societal concerns: an interdisciplinary curriculum.
 Glickman, N.W.; Glickman, L.T.; Torrence, M.E.; Beck, A.M.
 Blacksburg, Va. : The Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges;
 1991.
 Journal of veterinary medical education v. 18 (2): p. 60-63; 1991.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Animal welfare; Ethics; Veterinary education; College
 curriculum
 
 
 26                                             NAL Call. No.: SF604.P82 no.144
 Animal welfare in New Zealand proceedings from a seminar organised for the
 State Veterinarians Branch, New Zealand Veterinary Association, Rotorua, June
 1992.
 Petersen, Gunner V.
 Massey University, New Zealand Veterinary Association, State Veterinarians
 Branch, New Zealand Veterinary Association, Foundation for Continuing
 Education
 Palmerston North, N.Z. : Veterinary Continuing Education, Massey University,
 [1992]; 1992.
 110 p. : ill. ; 29 cm. (Publication (Massey University. Veterinary Continuing
 Education) ; no. 144.).  Includes bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English; English
 
 Descriptors: Animal Welfare
 
 
 27                                             NAL Call. No.: aHV4701.A95 no.1
 Animal-related computer simulation programs for use in education and
 research..  Animal related computer simulation programs for use in education
 and research
 Engler, Kevin
 National Agricultural Library (U.S.),Animal Welfare Information Center (U.S.)
 Beltsville, Md. : National Agricultural Library, [1989]; 1989; A 17.27:1.
 ii, 52 p. ; 28 cm. (AWIC series ;).  Animal Welfare Information Center.
 December 1989.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Humane education; Animal models in research
 
 
 28                                         NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.561
 Aseptic surgery of rodents Laboratory Animal Training Association.
 Laboratory Animal Training Association
 Raleigh, N.C.? : Laboratory Animal Training Association, c1989; 1989.
 1 videocassette (ca. 30 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 script (13 leaves).
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Veterinary surgery; Rodents as laboratory animals; Surgery,
 Aseptic and antiseptic; Animal welfare
 
 
 29                                                      NAL Call. No.: 410 B77
 Assessment of pain in animals.
 Bateson, P.
 London : Academic Press; 1991 Nov.
 Animal behaviour v. 42 (pt.5): p. 827-839; 1991 Nov.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare; Pain; Assessment
 
 Abstract:  Judgements about pain and suffering in animals are required by the
 law of many countries and by many professional guidelines. Nevertheless, such
 assessments raise many problems, even in humans. Furthermore, an appeal to
 continuities between humans and other animals is clouded when, as is still the
 case, both the evolution and the function of a subjective sense of pain are
 obscure. Despite these difficulties, the criteria that lead to the judgement
 that a human is in pain can be generalized with substantial measure of
 agreement to other animals. This generalization is done on the basis of
 uncovering comparable mechanisms and comparable behaviour; then the whole
 cluster of features found in the animal is used to make the judgement. The
 less similar the animal to a human and the less complex it is, the more
 difficult is the assessment. The fuzziness of the boundary, between those
 animals that are judged to feel pain and those that are not does not
 invalidate the process of assessment. However, the extent to which an animal
 is given the benefit of the doubt clearly depends on the empathy a person
 feels for it as well as the type of ethical concerns that motivate the person.
 
 
 30                                               NAL Call. No.: SF170.D66 1991
 Behaviour, handling and training of equines for appropriate work.
 Kiley-Worthington, M.
 Edinburgh : Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine; 1991.
 Donkeys, mules & horses in tropical agricultural development : proceedings of a
 Colloquium organ by the Edinburgh School of Agric & the Cent for Trop Vet Med
 of the Univ of Edinburgh & held in Edinburgh, Scotland, 3rd-6th Sept 1990. p.
 203-210; 1991.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Draft animals; Animal behavior; Training of animals
 
 
 31                                                    NAL Call. No.: HV4704.B5
 Bio-ethics 89 a report of the proceedings of an international symposium on the
 control of the use of animals in scientitic research.
 Moore, James N.; Morris, Debra Deem; White, N. A.; Weir, Amy
 North America Livestock, Inc
 Equine Colic Research Symposium 4th : 1991 : University of Georgia.
 Athens, Ga. : The Center, [1991]; 1991.
 185 p. ; 23 cm.  Cover title.  Conference held on July 6-7, 1989, Ottawa.
 Includes bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare; Laboratory animals; BioetP STN, EXT, USDA; SINCE
 12/76); Horses; Colic
 
 
 32                                                    NAL Call. No.: HV4704.B5
 Bio-ethics 89 a report of the proceedings of an international symposium on the
 control of the use of animals in scientitic research.
 Animal Welfare Foundation of Canada
 Cobourg, Ont. : Animal Welfare Foundation of Canada, [1989?]; 1989.
 185 p. ; 23 cm.  Cover title.  Conference held on July 6-7, 1989, Ottawa.
 Includes bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare; Laboratory animals; Bioethics
 
 
 33                                           NAL Call. No.: QH324.9.B5B53 1990
 Biotelemetry applications for captive animal care and research.
 Asa, Cheryl S.
 American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums
 Wheeling, WV : American Association of Zoological Parks & Aquariu ms, c1991;
 1991.
 x, 59 p. : ill. ; 23 cm. (American Association of Zoological Parks & Aquariums
 Symposium ; no. 1).  Symposium was conducted on September 24, 1990, at the
 AAZPA annual conference in Indianapolis, Indiana.  Includes bibliographies and
 index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Biotelemetry; Zoo animals
 
 
 34                                                   NAL Call. No.: QP251.A1T5
 Bovine spermatozoa in vitro: a review of storage, fertility estimation and
 manipulation.
 Coulter, G.H.
 Stoneham, Mass. : Butterworth-Heinemann; 1992 Aug.
 Theriogenology v. 38 (2): p. 197-207; 1992 Aug.  Paper presented at the
 research symposium on "Reproduction in Farm Animals: Science, Application and
 Models," August 13, 1992, Ithaca, New York. Includes a list of his
 publications.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Cattle; Spermatozoa; Semen characters; Semen preservation; Male
 fertility; Ai bulls; In vitro; Literature reviews
 
 Abstract:  In vitro storage of bovine spermatozoa virtually indefinitely has
 provided the opportunity to distribute conveniently and widely germ plasm from
 superior sires and benefit the productivity of cattle around the world.
 Techniques developed in our laboratories are well on their way to being able
 to predict accurately the fertility of young, prospective sires without the
 inconvenience and expense of large field trials. Manipulation of spermatozoa
 provides opportunities for the predetermination of sex of resulting offspring,
 the introduction of foreign DNA into oocytes, and the formation of transgenic
 individuals. Many other possibilities are limited only by the ingenuity of
 those conducting research in this exciting field.
 
 
 35                                        NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.1289
 Brookfield Zoo keeper orientation Chicago Zoological Society ; director,
 George B. Rabb ; executive producer, Kittie Henderson ; produced by Gail
 Mikenas, Howard Greenblatt ; written by Gail Mikenas..  Keeper orientation
 Chicago Zoological Society (Ill.),Brookfield Zoo (Ill.)
 Chicago, Ill.? : Brookfield Zoo, c1990; 1990.
 1 videocassette (22 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.  Title on cassette label:
 Keeper orientation.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Zoo keepers; Zoo animals
 
 Abstract:  Presents specific instructions on what to do as a keeper in the
 Brookfield Zoo such as maintenance of buildings, animal cleaning and feeding,
 giving medication, being aware of changes in the animals' behavior, and night
 keeper duties.
 
 
 36                                                    NAL Call. No.: SF601.C24
 The Canadian Council on Animal Care--its guidelines and policy directives: the
 veterinarian's responsibility.
 Rowsell, H.C.
 Ottawa : Canadian Veterinary Medical Association; 1991 Jul.
 Canadian journal of veterinary research; Revue canadienne de recherche
 veterinaire v. 55 (3): p. 205; 1991 Jul.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal experiments; Animal welfare;
 Veterinary profession; Animal models; Pain
 
 
 37                                            NAL Call. No.: SF407.I58F79 1991
 Captive invertebrates a guide to their biology and husbandry., Original ed..
 Frye, Fredric L.
 Malabar, Fla. : Krieger Pub. Co., 1992; 1992.
 xx, 135 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 29 cm.  Includes bibliographical references
 and index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Invertebrates as laboratory animals; Invertebrates as pets;
 Captive wild animals
 
 
 38                                                   NAL Call. No.: SF996.4.C3
 Care and handling of Australian native animals emergency care and captive
 management.
 Hand, Suzanne
 Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales
 Chipping Norton, NSW : Surrey Beatty, in association with Royal Zoo logical
 Society of New South Wales, 1990; 1990.
 x, 210 p., [12] leaves of plates : ill. (some col.) ; 25 cm.  "Published June
 1990"--T.p. verso.  "This volume grew from a symposium held by the Royal
 Zoological Society of New South Wales in September 1986 at the University of
 New South Wales"--P. iii.  Includes bibliographical references and index.
 
 Language:  English; English
 
 Descriptors: Vertebrates; Captive wild animals; Wildlife rescue; Wildlife
 management
 
 
 39                                                      NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5
 Care and welfare of pre-weaning beagle puppies in a commercial breeding
 colony.
 Goodfellow, K.G.
 Sussex : The Institute; 1992 Apr.
 Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 43 (1):
 p. 49-55; 1992 Apr.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Puppies; Laboratory rearing; Animal welfare
 
 Abstract:  Developments leading to improved puppy care and welfare are
 constantly being sought in the breeding colony. New ideas about environmental
 control, pen design, feeding regimes, husbandry and staff training have been
 introduced and evaluated. The success of each change cannot easily be proved
 as improvements in puppy health depend upon so many factors. However as a
 result of a complete care and welfare programme there have been fewer health
 problems and lower pre-weaning loss, in our colony.
 
 
 40                                         NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.971
 Carnivores basic needs, handling and care.
 Morgan, Ronald L.
 American College of Toxicology, Meeting_1990 :_Orlando, Fla.),Production Plus,
 Inc
 Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors 1990 : Orlando, Fla.
 Closter, N.J. : Production Plus, Inc., [1990?]; 1990.
 1 videocassette (31 min., 37 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.  VHS.  Videotape of a
 presentation at Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors ;
 presented at the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the American College of
 Toxicology, Orlando, Fla., Oct. 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal welfare; Dogs as laboratory animals;
 Cats as laboratory animals; Ferrets as laboratory animals; Minks as laboratory
 animals
 
 Abstract:  The basic needs of dogs and cats including air, food, water,
 environmental controls and social interaction are presented. Available
 guidelines, regulations, resource information and training manuals are
 presented. Methods of disease prevention, identification, housing and exercise
 are discussed. The basic care and handling of farrets and mink is also
 covered.
 
 
 41                                            NAL Call. No.: NBUSF961 C87 1990
 Cattle embryo transfer procedure an instructional manual for the rancher,
 dairyman, A.I. technician, animal scientist, and veterinarian.
 Curtis, John L.
 U.S.A. : John L. Curtis, 1990,c1989; 1990.
 iv, 130 p. : ill.; 23 cm.  Cover title.  Bibliography: p. 129-130.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Cattle
 
 
 42                                                    NAL Call. No.: SF961.C87
 Cattle embryo transfer procedure an instructional manual for the rancher,
 dairyman, artificial insemination technician, animal scientist, and
 veterinarian.
 Curtis, John L.
 S an Diego : Academic Press, c1991; 1991.
 ix, 131 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.  Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-131).
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Cattle
 
 
 43                                                     NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3
 Chlamydial infections--past, present, future.
 Schachter, J.
 Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association; 1989 Dec01.
 Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association v. 195 (11): p.
 1501-1506; 1989 Dec01.  Paper presented at the "Symposium on Avian
 Chlamydiosis," 1988, Portland, Oregon.  Literature review.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Domestic animals; Poultry; Chlamydia; Zoonoses; History; Animal
 research
 
 
 44                                                    NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94
 Chronic catheterization of the inferior vena cava in Yucatan miniature swine.
 Smith, D.M.; Lieberman, R.P.; Stribley, J.A.; Sharp, J.G.
 Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1992 Dec.
 Laboratory animal science v. 42 (6): p. 602-606; 1992 Dec.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Miniature pigs; Catheterization
 
 Abstract:  Long-term venous access for leukapheresis, repeated blood sampling,
 and administration of drugs and fluids can be accomplished nonsurgically in
 Yucatan miniature swine. The catheter is placed under fluoroscopic guidance
 into the inferior vena cava using a needle and guidewire. This procedure has
 the advantage that it avoids a surgical incision, allows high How rates, exits
 conveniently on the lower back, and can be replaced easily in the event of
 mechanical failure or thrombosis. Actuarial analysis of the duration of
 patency disclosed that of 41 catheters placed in 30 animals, the probability
 of function at 28, 42, and 54 days was 75%, 50%, and 25%, respectively. Eleven
 nonfunctioning catheters were replaced and nine of these continued to function
 until the completion of the experiment. No catheters were removed due to
 infection. Chronic catheterization of the inferior vena cava is a convenient
 method for long-term venous access in swine.
 
 
 45                                                       NAL Call. No.: 49 J82
 Clinical assessment of selenium status of livestock.
 Stowe, H.D.; Herdt, T.H.
 Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1992 Dec.
 Journal of animal science v. 70 (12): p. 3928-3933; 1992 Dec.  Presented in
 part at a symposium entitled "Importance and Consequences of Selenium
 Supplementation in Livestock Production," Laramie, WY.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Racehorses; Pigs; Dairy cows; Selenium; Blood serum; Laboratory
 methods; Accuracy; Blood analysis; Species differences; Normal values;
 Selenosis; Feed supplements; Feed mixing; Errors; Hay
 
 Abstract:  Assessment of the selenium status of livestock is an important
 aspect of production medicine, but variations in reported values between
 laboratories and between methods may be > 30%. Reliable interpretations
 require considerable experience with an assay and an extensive database from
 field and research case samples of a variety of species. The Michigan State
 University Animal Health Diagnostic Laboratory (MSU-AHDL) has offered Se
 analyses by acid-digestion and fluorometric detection since 1982. This
 laboratory expects serum Se values (nanograms per milliliter) of livestock to
 increase gradually with age from starting ranges for neonates of 50 to 80 for
 calves and sheep and 70 to 90 for foals and pigs. Expected or "normal" values
 for the adults are in the ranges of 70 to 100 for cattle, 120 to 150 for
 sheep, 130 to 160 for horses, and 180 to 220 for swine. Normal liver Se
 concentrations are considered to range between 1.2 and 2.0 micrograms/g on a
 dry weight basis, regardless of the species or age. Based on samples submitted
 to MSU-AHDL between September 1990 and August 1991, contemporary feeding
 practices in the Michigan area resulted in mean serum Se values (nanograms per
 milliliter) of 75 +/- 19 for adult Holsteins, 170 +/- 27 for adult swine
 (mixed breeds), and 137 +/- 30 for adult race horses. Within that period of
 time, two field cases of Se toxicity were diagnosed. One involved feeder pigs
 with a recorded high serum Se value of 1,525 ng/ml due to a commercial premix
 manufacturing error. The other involved mature horses with a recorded high
 serum Se of 928 ng/ml due to consumption of hays with a natural Se content of
 20 ppm.
 
 
 46                                        NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.1039
 Commensal rodents biology & behavior.
 National Pest Control Association
 Dunn Loring, Va. : NPCA, c1990; 1990.
 1 videocassette (15 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 manual (17 leaves). (NPCA
 rodent control series ; 1; NPCA rodent control training programs).  VHS.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Rattus norvegicus; Mice
 
 Abstract:  This National Pest Control Association Rodent Control Training
 Program (one of six videos) examines the biology and behavior of three
 commensal rodents, the Norway rat (sewer rat), the roof rat (wharf rat) and
 the house mouse. The purpose of this video training program is to increase the
 pest control service technician's knowledge of the habits of these pests,
 thereby enabling them to design effective control programs. The accompanying
 manual includes practical training tips, program presentation recommendations,
 a pretest and a post test (with answers), suggested reference materials, and a
 commensal rodent pictorial identification key.
 
 
 47                                            NAL Call. No.: SF996.5.I54 1991a
 Companion guide to Infectious diseases of mice and rats.
 Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (U.S.), Committee on Infectious
 Diseases of Mice and Rats
 Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1991; 1991.
 x, 95 p. ; 23 cm.  Includes bibliographical references and index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Mice; Rats; Laboratory animals; Mice as laboratory animals; Rats
 aslaboratory animals
 
 
 48                                                    NAL Call. No.: 447.8 AM3
 A comparison of interactive videodisc instruction with live animal
 laboratories.
 Fawver, A.L.; Branch, C.E.; Trentham, L.; Robertson, B.T.; Beckett, S.D.
 Bethesda, Md. : American Physiological Society; 1990 Dec.
 American journal of physiology v. 259 (6,pt.3): p. S11-S14; 1990 Dec.
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal physiology; Laboratory animals; Videodiscs; Computer
 assisted instruction; Teaching methods
 
 Abstract:  This study compared interactive videodisc-simulated laboratories
 with two types of traditional labs: a traditional general cardiovascular
 physiology participation lab and a traditional fibrillation/positive pressure
 ventilation demonstration lab. The two laboratory sections (a total of 85
 first-year veterinary medical students) were divided into 12 lab groups of 3-4
 students per lab section. These groups were randomly assigned to either a
 traditional live animal laboratory or an interactive videodisc-simulated
 laboratory to compare the effectiveness and efficiency of these methods in
 teaching physiology. A 22-item, multiple-choice/short answer test was given to
 all students after the laboratories. In both the participation and the
 demonstration laboratories, there were no significant differences between
 group test scores of the interactive videodisc groups and the live animal
 laboratory groups, but there were differences in time spent by both students
 and instructors. It was concluded that the interactive videodisc-simulated lab
 was as effective as the traditional live-animal labs and was more time
 efficient than the traditional participation lab.
 
 
 49                                                   NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33
 A comprehensive health science center educational program for animal care and
 use.
 White, G.L.; Perry, M.A.; Kosanke, S.D.; Randolph, M.M.; Niekraz, M.A.
 New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1991 Jul.
 Lab animal v. 20 (7): p. 47-49; 1991 Jul.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Educational programs; Animal husbandry
 
 
 50                                                   NAL Call. No.: Z7994.L3A5
 Contributions of physicochemical properties to the evaluation of ocular
 irritation.
 Regnier, J.F.; Imbert, C.
 Nottingham : Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments; 1992
 Jul.
 Alternatives to laboratory animals : ATLA v. 20 (3): p. 457-465; 1992 Jul.
 Paper presented at the third meeting of the Societe de Pharmacologie
 Cellulaire on "Alternatives to ocular irritation," October 18, 1991, Paris.
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal testing alternatives; Ph
 
 Abstract:  International guidelines for the evaluation of ocular irritation
 advise that all the available information, structural and physicochemical,
 should be taken into account in order to minimise the testing of substances
 under conditions that are likely to produce severe reactions in laboratory
 animals. In order to determine whether the pH and the acidic/alkaline reserve
 would be suitable parameters for the prediction of ocular irritation, we have
 measured, under standard conditions, the pH and the acidic/alkaline reserve of
 166 chemicals (90 non-irritant, 22 irritant, and 54 severely irritant for the
 eye, according to the EEC classification and labelling system). The
 combination of these parameters permitted the correct identification of 74% of
 the severely irritant chemicals and 97% of the non-serverely irritant
 (non-irritant or irritant) chemicals. The predictive value for a severely
 irritant potential was 93%, and 88% for non-severely irritant chemicals. This
 physicochemical approach, used as a first line screen for ocular irritation,
 is very simple and inexpensive.
 
 
 51                                                   NAL Call. No.: 47.8 Am33P
 Control of Salmonella and Campylobacter in poultry production. A summary of
 work at Russell Research Center.
 Bailey, J.S.
 Champaign, IL : Poultry Science Association, 1921-; 1993 Jun.
 Poultry science v. 72 (6): p. 1169-1173; 1993 Jun.  From the symposium
 "Microbial Safety of Poultry Products", August 4, 1992.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Broilers; Chicks; Biological competition; Salmonella;
 Campylobacterjejuni; Microbial contamination; Commensals; Eggs; Hatcheries;
 Lipopolysaccharides; Food safety
 
 Abstract:  The primary mission of the USDA, Agricultural Research Service,
 Poultry Microbiological Safety Research Unit is to develop technology
 preventing commensal intestinal colonization of chickens by human bacterial
 enteropathogens, including Salmonella and Campylobacter. The different
 mechanisms of colonization and the wide variety of sources of these pathogens
 combined with the different factors that affect host susceptibility to
 colonization indicate that a multifaceted research approach will be required
 to control Salmonella and Campylobacter during poultry production. The working
 hypothesis is that only by delivering chickens free of Salmonella or
 Campylobacter to the processing plant can significant reductions in the number
 and levels of contamination of chickens leaving the plant with these pathogens
 be achieved. As the means are developed to substantially reduce or eliminate
 the intestinal colonization of chickens by these pathogens, the pathogen-free
 chickens can be delivered to the processing plant, thereby eliminating or at
 least reducing the prevalence and levels of Salmonella on processed broilers.
 
 
 52                                                   NAL Call. No.: QH75.A1B57
 Cryopreservation of animal germplasm resources.
 Pursel, V.G.; Johnson, L.A.
 Boston : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1989.
 Biotic diversity and germplasm preservation, global imperatives / Lloyd
 Knutson and Allan K. Stoner, editors. p. 337-353; 1989. (Beltsville symposia
 in agricultural research ; 13).  Paper presented at a Symposium May 9-11,
 1988, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland.
 Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Domestic animals; Genetic resources; Germplasm; Cryoprotectants;
 Embryos (animal); Freezing; Semen preservation; Spermatozoa
 
 
 53                                        NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.1129
 Cuidado y uso humanitario de animales de laboratorio para tecnicos [prepared
 for the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agriculture Library by the
 Laboratory Animal Training Association]  [Humane care and use of laboratory
 animals for technicians]..  Animales de laboratorio Humane care an use of
 laboratory animals fo r technicians
 Laboratory Animal Training Association
 Raleigh, N.C.? : Laboratory Animal Training Association, [1991?]; 1991.
 1 videocassette (36 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 Spanish language script +
 1 English language script.  Title on cassette spine: Animales de laboratorio.
 
 Language:  Spanish; English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animal technicians; Animal welfare; Laboratory animals
 
 
 54                                                    NAL Call. No.: SF601.J62
 Curriculum change related to live animal use: a four-year surgical curriculum.
 White, K.K.; Wheaton, L.G.; Greene, S.A.
 Blacksburg, Va. : The Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges;
 1992.
 Journal of veterinary medical education v. 19 (1): p. 6-10; 1992.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Washington; Veterinary education; Surgery; College curriculum;
 Laboratory animals; Educational reform; Educational objectives; Teaching
 methods; Animal welfare; Animal testing alternatives
 
 
 55                                                      NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5
 Delivering the goods.
 Porter, R.I.
 Sussex : The Institute; 1990 Dec.
 Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 41 (3):
 p. 211-216; 1990 Dec.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Great Britain; Technicians; Education; Training
 
 
 56                                                   NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33
 Design of a course to introduce research personnel to the care and use of
 laboratory animals.
 Faulkner, D.R.
 New York : Nature Publishing Company; 1989 Jan.
 Lab animal v. 18 (1): p. 21-22, 24-25; 1989 Jan.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Laboratory rearing; Education; Research;
 Personnel; Training; Curriculum
 
 
 57                                                   NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33
 Developing a questionnaire to select animal technicians.
 Talmadge, S.A.; Grunberg, N.E.; Cisar, C.F.
 New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1989 May.
 Lab animal v. 18 (4): p. 21-26; 1989 May.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Technicians; Training; Education; Careers;
 Questionnaires
 
 
 58                                                NAL Call. No.: aHV4762.A3A64
 The development of guidelines for the care and use of agricultural animals
 used in agricultural research and teaching.
 Stricklin, W.R.
 Beltsville, Md. : Animal Welfare Information Center, National Agricultural
 Library, [1989?]; 1989 Sep.
 Animal care and use in behavioral research : regulations, issues, and
 applications : based on an invited paper session presented at the 1988 meeting
 of the Animal Behavior Society / Janis Wiley Driscoll, editor. p. 44-51; 1989
 Sep.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Livestock; Poultry; Animal welfare; Animal husbandry; Animal
 research; Teaching; Guidelines; Guides
 
 
 59                                                    NAL Call. No.: SF911.V43
 Development of parenchymal abdominal organ models for use in teaching
 veterinary soft tissue surgery.
 Greenfield, C.L.; Johnson, A.L.; Arends, M.W.; Wroblewski, A.J.
 Hagerstown, Md. : J.B. Lippincott Company; 1993 Sep.
 Veterinary surgery v. 22 (5): p. 357-362; 1993 Sep.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal models; Veterinary education; Surgery
 
 
 60                                                 NAL Call. No.: aHV4701.A952
 Development of personnel training--experiences at Purdue University.
 Fitzgerald, A.L.; Maikel, R.P.
 Beltsville, Md. : National Agricultural Library, AWIC; 1992 Jan.
 Animal Welfare Information Center newsletter v. 3 (1): p. 2-3; 1992 Jan.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Indiana; Technicians; Training courses; Laboratory animals;
 Animal experiments; Universities
 
 
 61                                               NAL Call. No.: RM145.B65 1990
 Drug dosage in laboratory animals a handbook., 3rd ed. rev. and enl..
 Borchard, Ronald E.; Barnes, Charles D.,_1935-; Eltherington, L. G.; Barnes,
 Charles D.,
 Caldwell, N.J. : Telford Press, c1990; 1990.
 xxix, 692 p. : 29 cm.  Rev. ed. of: Drug dosage in laboratory animals / by
 C.D. Barnes and L.G. Eltherington. 2nd rev. and enl. ed. [c1973].  Includes
 bibliographical references (p. 519-674).
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Drugs; Laboratory animals; Pharmacology, Experimental
 
 
 62                                                     NAL Call. No.: SF604.E3
 Education and training in the care and use of laboratory animals a guide for
 developing institutional programs.
 Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (U.S.), Committee on Educational
 Programs in Laboratory Animal Science
 Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1991; 1991.
 xi, 139 p. ; 28 cm.  Includes bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal welfare
 
 
 63                                                 NAL Call. No.: aHV4701.A952
 Education, computer software and animal welfare.
 Peterson, N.S.
 Beltsville, Md. : National Agricultural Library, AWIC; 1991 Apr.
 Animal Welfare Information Center newsletter v. 2 (2): p. 3, 7; 1991 Apr.
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare; Animal testing alternatives; Computer software;
 Educational technology
 
 
 64                                              NAL Call. No.: QA76.8.I2594D49
 The effect of drugs on the release of and response to neurotransmitters in the
 enteric nervous system [sic] a computer simulation..  Guinea-pig ileum
 Dewhurst, David; Meehan, Anthony
 Air Chief Marshal the Lord Dowding Fund for Humane Research
 Harrogate, England : Sheffield BioScience Programs, [1989?]; 1989.
 1 computer disk ; 5 1/4 in. + 1 user's manual.  Title from title screen.
 Title on disk and user's manual: Guinea-pig ileum.
 
 Language:  N/A
 
 Descriptors: Guinea pigs as laboratory animals; Ileum; Neuropharmacology;
 Computer simulation; Animal welfare
 
 
 65                                                   NAL Call. No.: 47.8 AM33P
 Effects of genetic strain and light management on the reproductive performance
 of turkeys.
 Havenstein, G.B.; Nestor, K.E.; Bacon, W.L.; Renner, P.A.
 Champaign, Ill. : Poultry Science Association; 1992 Oct.
 Poultry science v. 71 (10): p. 1590-1594; 1992 Oct.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Turkeys; Strain differences; Laying performance; Light regime;
 Lighting; Energy consumption; Costs
 
 Abstract:  The laying performance of six genetic strains of turkeys, which
 have been bred and maintained at the Ohio Agricultural Research and
 Development Center, Wooster, OH, was compared under three laying house
 lighting regimens over a period of 3 yr. Light Treatment 1 (L1) consisted of
 14 h of continuous light (L) and 10 h of dark (D; 14L:10D) throughout the
 laying period. Treatment 2 (L2) consisted of 14 h of intermittent light (IL,
 15 min L and 45 min D/h) followed by 10 h of continuous dark. The IL treatment
 was started following a period (6 wk) in which the hens were trained to use
 the trapnests. Thus, during the first 6 wk of their laying period, L2 hens
 were also provided 14L:10D. Treatment 3 (L3) hens were provided the same
 program as L1 for the first 14 wk of the laying period. They were then moved
 to a continuous period of 19L:5D for the remainder of the laying period. All
 eggs produced were recorded through 180 days after the first egg was laid.
 Traits studied included: the number of days to first egg after light
 stimulation; the number of eggs produced through 84, 120, and 180 days after
 the first egg was laid; the average clutch length; the maximum clutch length;
 the total days lost to broodiness; the rate of lay; and the effective length
 of the laying period. Highly significant differences (P < .01) were observed
 among the strains used for all traits measured. Light treatments showed no
 significant effects on any trait measured. Thus, from the present studies, the
 delayed IL program provides an economically attractive management program for
 environmentally controlled turkey breeder houses. Savings of 75% of the light
 energy used during approximately 6 mo of the lay period were realized.
 Economically, the L3 program would be disadvantageous, because electrical
 usage was increased 35% after the period of daylength increase with no
 apparent increase in productivity.
 
 
 66                                                    NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94
 Effects of social interaction on well-being: development aspects.
 Mason, W.A.
 Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1991 Aug.
 Laboratory animal science v. 41 (4): p. 323-328; 1991 Aug.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Primates; Animal welfare; Social interaction; Social development
 
 Abstract:  The scientific need for nonhuman primates that are born and raised
 in captivity seems certain to increase and with it, the concern for managing
 the social development of individual animals so as to maximize their utility
 throughout a potentially long career. This practical objective is not only
 compatible with a concern for psychological well-being, but presupposes
 similar aims and criteria. For both concerns the most reliable guidelines are
 derived from basic research. The data available indicate that primate social
 development is directional, proceeding from extreme dependence on care-givers
 initially (subserved by mother-directed behaviors) toward relative autonomy
 and adult competence (dominated by other-directed behaviors). Individuals are
 not passive recipients at any point in this process, rather they are active
 participants in their development, engaged with their surroundings and
 responding selectively to what the environment affords. From this standpoint,
 developmental effects are the outcome of transactions with the environment.
 They are emergent phenomena, neither wholly independent of environmental
 influences, nor completely determined by them. It follows that the long, range
 utility and well-being of captive animals will be served well if they are able
 to select those with whom they will interact and modes of interaction that are
 appropriate to their level of development and current motivational state. This
 can generally be accomplished by permitting individuals to develop, at least
 through weaning, in the company of their biologic mothers within an
 approximation of a species-normal social group. When such latitude is
 impossible, the social environment should be arranged with the individuals'
 developmental levels as a primary concern.
 
 
 67                                                    NAL Call. No.: SF600.C82
 Embryo transfer, semen, scrapie, and B.S.E.
 Wrathall, A.E.; Brown, K.F.D.
 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1991.
 Current topics in veterinary medicine and animal science v. 55: p. 243-253;
 1991.  In the series analytic: Sub-acute spongiform encephalopathies / edited
 by R. Bradley, M. Savey, and B. Marchant. Proceedings of a Seminar in the CEC
 Agricultural Research Programme, November 12-14, 1990, Brussels.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Sheep; Scrapie; Vertical transmission; Embryo transfer; Bovine
 spongiform encephalopathy
 
 
 68                                             NAL Call. No.: SF510.5.M55 1992
 The emu farmer's handbook.
 Minnaar, Phillip; Minnaar, Maria
 Groveton, Tex. (Star Rt. 2, Box 8B, Groveton 75845) : Induna Co., c1992; 1992.
 vii, 178 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 28 cm.  Includes bibliographical references
 (p. 178).
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Emu farming
 
 
 69                                                    NAL Call. No.: aQL55.B36
 Essentials for animal research a primer for research personnel.
 Bennett, B. T.; Brown, M. J.; Schofield, J. C.
 National Agricultural Library (U.S.),University of Illinois at Chicago
 Beltsville, Md. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, National AgriculturalLibrary :
 University of Illinois at Chicago, [1990]; 1990.
 vi, 126 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.  "Produced as a joint effort of the National
 Agricultural Library, USDA, and the University of Illinois at Chicago and
 supported by cooperative agreement number 58-32U4-7-070"--P. vi.  April 1990.
 Includes bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal experimentation; Laboratory animals; Animal welfare
 
 
 70                                                NAL Call. No.: QL55.E84 1992
 Ethics in research on animal behaviour readings from Animal behaviour..
 Guidelines for the use of animals in research
 Dawkins, Marian Stamp; Gosling, Morris
 Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour, Animal Behavior Society
 London, England : Academic Press for the Association for the Stud y of Animal
 Behaviour and the Animal Behavior Society, [1992?]; 1992.
 64 p. : ill. ; 25 cm.  Includes "Guidelines for the use of animals in
 research," revised 1991 version.  Includes bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal experimentation; Laboratory animals
 
 
 71                                                   NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33
 Evaluation of the effectiveness of an animal care and use training program.
 Adsit, K.I.; Tomasovic, S.P.; Mastromarino, A.J.; Gray, K.N.
 New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1990 May.
 Lab animal v. 19 (4): p. 50, 52-54; 1990 May.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Program evaluation; Training
 
 
 72                                         NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.906
 Farm animal behavior research seminar.
 Curtis, Stanley
 United States, Agricultural Research Service, National Program Staff
 Washington, D.C.? : National Program Staff, ARS, USDA, [1990]; 1990.
 1 videocassette (100 min., 20 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.  VHS.  June 8, 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare; Livestock
 
 Abstract:  Discusses types of research being done on farm animal behavior to
 discover indicators of animal stress contentment, psychological make-up and
 the effects of environment on animal behavior. The various behaviors observed
 and the related situations are also discussed.
 
 
 73                                         NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.906
 Farm animal behavior research seminar.
 Curtis, Stanley
 United States, Agricultural Research Service, National Program Staff
 Washington, D.C.? : National Program Staff, ARS, USDA, [1990]; 1990.
 1 videocassette (100 min., 20 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.  VHS.  June 8, 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare; Livestock
 
 Abstract:  Discusses types of research being done on farm animal behavior to
 discover indicators of animal stress contentment, psychological make-up and
 the effects of environment on animal behavior. The various behaviors observed
 and the related situations are also discussed.
 
 
 74                                            NAL Call. No.: SF959.C6E682 1991
 Fourth Equine Colic Research Symposium September 23-25, 1991, Center for
 Continuing Education, The University of Georgia : [symposium abstracts].
 Moore, James N.; Morris, Debra Deem; White, N. A.; Weir, Amy
 North America Livestock, Inc
 Equine Colic Research Symposium 4th : 1991 : University of Georgia.
 Athens, Ga. : The Center, [1991]; 1991.
 57 p. ; 28 cm.  "Sponsors, North America Livestock Incorporated ... [et
 al.]"--P. [2] of cover.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Horses; Colic
 
 
 75                                            NAL Call. No.: SF910.P34A55 1992
 The future of control of pain in animals used in teaching and research.
 Rowsell, H.C.
 New York : Churchill Livingstone; 1992.
 Animal pain / edited by Charles E. Short, Alan Van Poznak. p. 525-537; 1992.
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal experiments; Laboratory animals; Pain; Research; Teaching;
 Education; Legislation; Animal welfare
 
 
 76                                                 NAL Call. No.: SF407.R38G46
 Genetic monitoring of inbred strains of rats a manual on colony management,
 basic monitoring techniques, and genetic variants of the laboratory rat.
 Hedrich, Hans J.; Adams, M.
 International Council for Laboratory Animal Science
 Stuttgart ; New York : Gustav Fischer Verlag, 1990; 1990.
 xii, 539 p. : ill. ; 25 cm.  Includes bibliographical references and index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Rats as laboratory animals; Rats; Inbreeding
 
 
 77                                                  NAL Call. No.: 330.9 N21NE
 Greater care recommended for animals used in precollege classes.
 Washington, D.C. : National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council;
 1989 May.
 News report v. 39 (5): p. 16-17; 1989 May.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal experiments; Animal welfare; Secondary education; Science
 education; Guidelines
 
 
 78                                                NAL Call. No.: SF406.G8 1990
 Guia para el cuidado y uso de animales de laboratorio..  Guide for the care
 and use of laboratory animals, Revisada en 1985..
 Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (U.S.), Committee on Care and Use of
 Laboratory Animals
 Bethesda, Md.? : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, PublicHealth
 Service, National Institutes of Health, [1990?]; 1990; HE 20.3008:An
 5/985/Spanish.
 ix, 83 p. ; 23 cm. (NIH publication ; no. 90-23S).  Translation of: Guide for
 the care and use of laboratory animals.  Shipping list no.: 90-716-P.
 "Publicacion no. 86-23 de los Institutos Nacionales de Salud"--P. [4] of
 cover.  Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-73).
 
 Language:  Spanish; Spanish
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals
 
 
 79                                                    NAL Call. No.: HV4701.J6
 A guide to resources.
 Baltimore, Md. : The Center; 1990.
 The Johns Hopkins Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing : [newsletter] v.
 8 (2): p. 1-3; 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare; Information centers
 
 
 80                                               NAL Call. No.: SF762.S74 1992
 A guided tour of veterinary anatomy domestic ungulates and laboratory mammals.
 Smallwood, James E.
 Philadelphia : W.B. Saunders, c1992; 1992.
 vii, 390 p. : ill. ; 27 cm.  Includes bibliographical references and index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Veterinary dissection; Veterinary anatomy; Laboratory animals
 
 
 81                                                    NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94
 Guidelines for developing and managing an environmental enrichment program for
 nonhuman primates.
 Bloomsmith, M.A.; Brent, L.Y.; Schapiro, S.J.
 Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1991 Aug.
 Laboratory animal science v. 41 (4): p. 372-377; 1991 Aug.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Primates; Environment; Enrichment; Guidelines; Animal welfare;
 Record keeping; Costs; Plan implementation and evaluation
 
 Abstract:  Before implementing an environmental enrichment program for
 nonhuman primates, several issues should be considered. The assignment of
 enrichment tasks can be made to caretakers, a dedicated "enrichment
 technician," volunteers, students or individuals with training in behavioral
 science. Determining the enrichment techniques to be used must take into
 account personnel time available; the species, age, sex, and individual
 histories of the nonhuman primates; and experimental protocols for which
 animals are being maintained. Identifying the most beneficial way to use the
 available personnel time must be tailored for each institution. To meet
 federal regulations, records must be kept of the environmental enhancements
 available to each nonhuman primate. Good record-keeping will allow appropriate
 evaluation of the program. This evaluation should involve the animals'
 responses to the enrichment opportunity, cost and durability of enrichment
 items, human and nonhuman safety considerations, and personnel required. The
 well-being of captive nonhuman primates will be most improved if well-informed
 decisions are made in developing and managing environmental enrichment
 programs.
 
 
 82                                                    NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3
 Guidelines for the care of laboratory animals in transit.
 London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1993 Apr.
 Laboratory animals v. 27 (2): p. 93-107; 1993 Apr.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Transport of animals
 
 
 83                                                   NAL Call. No.: HV4708.G85
 Guidelines for the recognition and assessment of pain in animals.
 Association of Veterinary Teachers and Research Workers
 Potters Bar, Herts. : Universities Federation for Animal Welfare, c1989; 1989.
 24 p. ; 21 cm.  Bibliography: p. [3] of cover.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal experimentation; Animal welfare
 
 
 84                                                  NAL Call. No.: SF407.F39P6
 Guidelines for the use of the ferret as a model for pediatric endotracheal
 intubation training.
 Powell, Douglas A.; Gonzalez, Carlos
 Bethesda, Md.? : Dept. of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Uniformed Se rvices
 University of the Health Sciences?, 1989?; 1989.
 13, [1] leaves : ill. ; 28 cm.  Cover title.  Includes bibliographical
 references (leaf 12).
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Ferrets as laboratory animals; Animal models in research; Trachea;
 In tubation; Pediatrics; Study and teaching; Animal welfare
 
 
 85                                                    NAL Call. No.: HV4704.G8
 Guidelines for the well-being of rodents in research from a conference held by
 the Scientists Center for Animal Welfare in Research Triangle Park, North
 Carolina on December 8, 1989, with additional material provided by the
 authors.
 Guttman, Helene N.
 Scientists Center for Animal Welfare (Washington, D.C.)
 Bethesda, MD : Scientists Center for Animal Welfare, 1990; 1990.
 vi, 105 p.: ill.; 28 cm.  October 1990.  Includes bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Rodents as laboratory animals; Congresses; Animal welfare;
 Congresses
 
 
 86                                            NAL Call. No.: HV4943.G7H25 1991
 Handbook for the animal licence holder guidance for those seeking authority
 under the animals (scientific procedures) Act 1986., 2nd ed. rev..
 Bunyan, J.
 Institute of Biology
 London : Institute of Biology, 1991; 1991.
 iv, 62 p. ; 24 cm.  Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-57).
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals
 
 
 87                                                  NAL Call. No.: Q180.57.H36
 Handbook of facilities planning..  Facilities planning
 Ruys, Theodorus,
 New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold, c1990-c1991; 1990-1991.
 2 v. : ill. ; 26 cm.  Includes bibliographical references and index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Physical laboratories; Laboratory animals
 
 
 88                                              NAL Call. No.: HV4733.H36 1993
 Handbook of live animal transport (with quarterly supplements)., 1993 ed..
 Anderson, Dale L.
 Silesia Companies, Inc
 Fort Washington, Md. : Silesia Companies, Inc., 1993-; 1993-9999.
 1 v. (loose-leaf) : ill. ; 30 cm.  AniAMPLE CITATIONS
 
 Citations in thi
 proceedures [sic], animal health regulations, transporting animals by land,
 sea & air, exporting animals.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animals; Animal welfare
 
 
 89                                                NAL Call. No.: SF89.H85 1991
 Handling and loading of livestock.
 Humane Slaughter Association (1986-); Agricultural Training Board
 Potters Bar, Herts. : Humane Slaughter Association, 1991; 1991.
 35 p. : ill. ; 15 x 21 cm.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare; Animals
 
 
 90                                                  NAL Call. No.: 275.29 M58B
 Handling hogs.
 Grandin, T.; Ernst, K.; Ernst, D.; McGlone, J.
 East Lansing, Mich. : The Service; 1989 Apr.
 Extension bulletin E - Cooperative Extension Service, Michigan State
 University (2183): 4 p. ill; 1989 Apr.  In Subseries: Pork Industry Handbook.
 Management.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Pigs; Handling
 
 
 91                                                    NAL Call. No.: HV4761.A5
 Harming animals as part of biology education.
 Orlans, F.B.
 Washington, D.C. : The Institute; 1992.
 The Animal Welfare Institute quarterly v. 41 (3): p. 9; 1992.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Science education
 
 
 92                                                      NAL Call. No.: QH1.A43
 Hi-tech alternatives to dissection.
 Strauss, R.T.; Kinzie, M.B.
 Reston, Va. : National Association of Biology Teachers; 1991 Mar.
 The American biology teacher v. 53 (3): p. 154-158; 1991 Mar.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal testing alternatives; Science education; Videodiscs;
 Teaching materials
 
 
 93                                                 NAL Call. No.: S544.3.N3C66
 Horse behavior: handling the new foal.
 Cirelli, A. Jr
 Reno, Nev. : The College; 1991.
 Fact sheet - College of Agriculture, University of Nevada-Reno, Nevada
 Cooperative Extension (91-07): 2 p.; 1991.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Foals; Imprinting; Training of animals
 
 
 94                                             NAL Call. No.: HV4725.U5L4 1990
 Humane education in the public schools., 4th ed.
 Leavitt, E.S.; Beary, B.
 Washington, D.C. : Animal Welfare Institute; 1990.
 Animals and their legal rights : a survey of American laws from 1641 to 1990 /
 with chapters by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service of the United
 States Department of Agriculture ... [et al.].. p. 244-253; 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Public schools; Animal welfare; Law; Legislation;
 Education; Animal experiments
 
 
 95                                                    NAL Call. No.: RC606.I45
 Immunodeficient rodents a guide to their immunobiology, husbandry, and use.
 Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (U.S.), Committee on Immunologically
 Compromised Rodents
 Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1989; 1989.
 x, 246 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.  Includes index.  Bibliography: p. 165-211.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Immunological deficiency syndromes; Animal models; Rodents;
 Immunology; Rodents as laboratory animals
 
 
 96                                                NAL Call. No.: aHV4762.A3A64
 The impact of federal regulations on science and education in small colleges.
 Demarest, J.
 Beltsville, Md. : Animal Welfare Information Center, National Agricultural
 Library, [1989?]; 1989 Sep.
 Animal care and use in behavioral research : regulations, issues, and
 applications : based on an invited paper session presented at the 1988 meeting
 of the Animal Behavior Society / Janis Wiley Driscoll, editor. p. 30-36; 1989
 Sep.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Laboratory animals; Animal research; Animal welfare;
 Regulations; Colleges; Surveys; Science education
 
 
 97                                                    NAL Call. No.: 44.8 J822
 Implications of dairy herd size for farm material transport, plant nutrient
 management, and water quality.
 Lanyon, L.E.
 Champaign, Ill. : American Dairy Science Association; 1992 Jan.
 Journal of dairy science v. 75 (1): p. 334-344; 1992 Jan.  Paper presented at
 the symposium "Nutritional Factors Affecting Animal Water and Waste Quality",
 August 27, 1990.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Dairy cows; Livestock numbers; Dairy farms; Fertilizers; Soil
 analysis; Farm management; Runoff water; Water quality; Literature reviews
 
 Abstract:  Farm material transport to, from, and within dairy farms can create
 zones of plant nutrient depiction and accumulation that range in scale from
 local to international. The introduction, adoption, and use of fertilizers
 have resulted in substantial movement of plant nutrients to dairy farms.
 Fertilizers contributed to enhanced crop growth and frequently the correction
 of sod nutrient deficiencies. They also represented an opportunity to replace
 plant nutrients exported from a farm in crops so that it was possible for some
 farms to specialize in the production of crops. These exported crops often
 became imports for other farms that specialized in livestock. However, the
 nutrient-holding capacity of sod on any farm is limited, so the potential for
 additions to the stock of nutrients, especially of P and K, on a farm can be
 expected to decrease with time. After a period of net nutrient additions on a
 dairy farm, the quantity of nutrients that can be accommodated is controlled
 by the productivity of the animals, the management of the animal handling
 facilities, and the off-farm purchases of feeds and other materials for the
 animals. Field and biophysical-economic simulation studies have demonstrated
 that interactions between alternative management strategies and societal
 perspectives about water quality and the biological and economic performance
 of dairy farms may sometimes lead to unexpected outcomes.
 
 
 98                                                   NAL Call. No.: Z7994.L3A5
 Improved housing of mice, rats and guinea-pigs: a contribution to the
 refinement of animal experiments.
 Scharmann, W.
 Nottingham : Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments; 1991
 Feb.
 Alternatives to laboratory animals : ATLA v. 19 (1): p. 108-114; 1991 Feb.
 Paper presented at the fifth meeting of the Italian Group for the Application
 of Tissue Cultures in Toxiciology, May 31-June 1, 1990, Milan, Italy.
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Cages; Animal welfare
 
 Abstract:  The keeping of experimental animals requires housing systems
 appropriate to the needs and behaviour of each species, as demanded by various
 supranational and national guidelines. It is questionable whether conventional
 housing systems for rodents such as mice, rats and guinea-pigs meet this
 demand. It is suggested that the housing of laboratory rodents should be
 improved by the use of larger and more appropriate cage types, as well as by
 reducing the monotony of conventional housing systems.
 
 
 99                                             NAL Call. No.: SF996.5.I54 1991
 Infectious diseases of mice and rats.
 Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (U.S.), Committee on Infectious
 Diseases of Mice and Rats
 Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1991; 1991.
 xi, 397 p. ; 24 cm.  "An expansion of the newly revised second edition of the
 Companion guide to infectious diseases of mice and rats"--P. vii.  Includes
 bibliographical references (p. 277-385) and index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Mice; Rats; Laboratory animals; Mice as laboratory animals; Rats
 aslaboratory animals
 
 
 100                                             NAL Call. No.: HV4764.I58 1992
 Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee guidebook.
 National Institutes of Health (U.S.)
 Bethesda, Md.? : U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, PublicHealth
 Service, National Institutes of Health ; [Washington, D.C. : Supt. of Docs,
 U.S. G.P.O., distributor, 1992-]; 1992-9999; HE 20.3008:An 5/5.
 1 v. (loose-leaf) ; 28 cm. (NIH publication ; no. 92-3415).  Includes
 bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English; English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal experimentation; Animal welfare
 
 
 101                                                   NAL Call. No.: 44.8 J822
 Integrated strategies and methodologies for the genetic improvement of
 animals.
 McLaren, D.G.; Fernando, R.L.; Lewin, H.A.; Schook, L.B.
 Champaign, Ill. : American Dairy Science Association; 1990 Sep.
 Journal of dairy science v. 73 (9): p. 2647-2656; 1990 Sep.  Paper presented
 at a symposium on "The role of animal breeding in an age of molecular and
 zygotic manipulation.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Cattle; Sheep; Pigs; Genetic improvement; Quantitative genetics;
 Molecular genetics; Organization of research; University research; Major
 genes; Quantitative traits; Gene mapping; Transgenics; Genetic markers;
 Research support
 
 
 102                                                  NAL Call. No.: HV4708.S73
 Introducing animal welfare into the education system.
 Milburn, C.
 Wallingford, Oxon, UK : CAB International; 1989.
 The status of animals : ethics, education and welfare / edited by David
 Paterson and Mary Palmer. p. 73-78; 1989.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare; Education; Attitudes
 
 
 103                                                  NAL Call. No.: QH75.A1B57
 Invertebrate germplasm cryopreservation: potential, problems, and prospects.
 Leopold, R.A.; Rojas, R.R.
 Boston : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1989.
 Biotic diversity and germplasm preservation, global imperatives / Lloyd
 Knutson and Allan K. Stoner, editors. p. 355-377. ill; 1989. (Beltsville
 symposia in agricultural research ; 13).  Paper presented at a Symposium May
 9-11, 1988, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland.
 Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Insects; Invertebrates; Cold shock; Cold storage; Cold tolerance;
 Cryoprotectants; Genetic resources; Germplasm
 
 
 104                                            NAL Call. No.: QL364.2.A27 1990
 Invertebrate learning a laboratory manual and source book.
 Abramson, Charles I.
 Washington, D.C. : American Psychological Association, c1990; 1990.
 viii, 100 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.  Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-100).
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Invertebrates; Learning in animals
 
 
 105                                                  NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33
 Lab Animal 1992 Buyers' Guide.
 New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1991 Dec.
 Lab animal v. 20 (10): p. 7-96; 1991 Dec.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Buyers' guides
 
 
 106                                              NAL Call. No.: SF406.L33 1993
 Lab animal care and use handbook.
 University of Tennessee, Memphis, Dept. of Comparative Medicine
 Memphis, Tenn. : The Dept., [1993?]; 1993.
 1 v. (loose-leaf) ; 30 cm.  Includes index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals
 
 
 107                                             NAL Call. No.: QL813.L3M3 1990
 Laboratory anatomy of the rabbit., 3rd ed..
 McLaughlin, Charles Albert,; Chiasson, Robert B.
 Dubuque, Iowa : Wm. C. Brown, c1990; 1990.
 ix, 112 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 28 cm. (Laboratory anatomy series).  Includes
 bibliographical references and index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Rabbits; Anatomy; Laboratory manuals; Dissection; Mammals;
 Anatomy; Laboratory manuals
 
 
 108                                                     NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5
 The Laboratory Animal Breeders Association Accreditation Scheme (L.A.B.A.A.S.)
 its history, current organisation and future trends.
 Smith, M.W.
 Sussex : The Institute; 1992 Apr.
 Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 43 (1):
 p. 19-27; 1992 Apr.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Uk; Laboratory animals; Breeders' associations
 
 Abstract:  In 1982 the Medical Research Council decided to close the
 Laboratory Animal Centre (LAC) originally based at the MRC laboratories in
 Carshalton. This effectively brought to an end the originally LAC sponsored
 scheme for the voluntary accreditation of laboratory animal breeders. With the
 co-operation of the MRC a new scheme, which most Home Office registered
 breeders have now joined (LABAAS) was organised through a scientific working
 party under the auspices of the Laboratory Animal Breeders Association. Since
 1982 additions and alterations have been made to the format of the manual,
 which sets out the working structure of the scheme. This paper outlines the
 current structure of LABAAS and indicates how constructive advice and
 criticism is helping to shape the future direction of the scheme.
 
 
 109                                                  NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33
 Laboratory animal science in Italy: legislation, education, and training
 programs.
 Guaitani, A.
 New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1992 Sep.
 Lab animal v. 21 (8): p. 39-40, 42, 44; 1992 Sep.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Italy; Animal experiments; Legislation; Educational programs
 
 
 110                                                   NAL Call. No.: QL55.L342
 Laboratory animal welfar e research rodents : proceedings of a symposium
 organized by Universities Federation for Animal Welfare, held at the Royal
 Holloway and Bedford New College, University of London, Egham, Surrey, 22nd
 April 1988.
 Universities Federation for Animal Welfare
 Potters Bar, Herrtfordshire, England : Universities Federation forAnimal
 Welfare, c1989; 1989.
 72 p. : ill. ; 21 cm.  Includes bibliographies.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals
 
 
 111                                                  NAL Call. No.: QL737.P9L3
 Laboratory animal welfare research primates : proceedings of a symposium.
 Universities Federation for Animal Welfare
 Potters Bar, H ertfordshire, England : Universities Federation forAnimal
 Welfare, c1989; 1989.
 55 p. : ill. ; 21 cm.  Includes bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Primates as laboratory animals; Animal welfare; Medical
 
 
 112                                                   NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3
 Laboratory animals: buyers' guide 1993.
 London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1993.
 Laboratory animals. 88 p.; 1993.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Buyers' guides; Laboratory equipment
 
 
 113                                        NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.974
 Laboratory animals toxicology and the public.
 Gad, Shayne C.
 American College of Toxicology, Meeting_1990 :_Orlando, Fla.),Production Plus,
 Inc
 Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors 1990 : Orlando, Fla.
 Closter, N.J. : Production Plus, Inc., [1990?]; 1990.
 1 videocassette (46 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.  VHS.  Videotape of a
 presentation at Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors;
 presented at the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the American College of
 Toxicology, Orlando, Fla., Oct. 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal models in research; Laboratory animals; Commercial
 products
 
 Abstract:  The factual information regarding numbers of animals used,
 repetitive testing, source of animals and predictability of animal testing are
 presented to assist scientists who must respond to criticism of animal
 testing. A history of toxicology testing and a review of public opinion on
 animal research and testing is provided.
 
 
 114                                           NAL Call. No.: QL368.A22D44 1993
 Laboratory manual for classification and morphology of rumen ciliate protozoa.
 Dehority, Burk A.
 Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 1993; 1993.
 vii, 120 p. : ill. ; 26 cm.  Includes bibliographical references (p. )..
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Ciliata; Rumen
 
 
 115                                                     NAL Call. No.: 472 N42
 The laboratory rat's guide to Europe.
 MacKenzie, D.
 London, Eng. : New Science Publications; 1992 May16.
 New scientist v. 134 (1821): p. 29-31; 1992 May16.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Europe; Animal experiments; Regulations; Animal welfare; European
 communities; Animal testing alternatives
 
 
 116                                                   NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3
 LASA recommendations on education and training for licence holders under the
 UK Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986--FELASA Categories B and C. Report
 of a committee accepted by LASA Council June 1992.
 O'Donoghue, P.N.; Bunyan, J.; Buckwell, A.C.; Gregory, J.A.; Griffiths,
 P.H.M.; Howard, B.R.; Jones, H.; Millican, K.G.; Wilson, M.S.; Brouwer, G.
 London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1993 Jul.
 Laboratory animals v. 27 (3): p. 189-205; 1993 Jul.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Uk; Laboratory animals; Animal welfare; Guidelines
 
 
 117                                                    NAL Call. No.: QL751.P4
 Lessons from animal trainers: the effect of acoustic structure on an animal's
 response.
 McConnell, P.B.
 New York, N.Y. : Plenum Press; 1991.
 Perspectives in ethology v. 9: p. 165-187; 1991.  In the series analytic:
 Human understanding and animal awareness / edited by P.P.G. Bateson and P.H.
 Klopfer.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Training of animals; Acoustics; Animal behavior
 
 Abstract:  The central question posed by this chapter is whether some physical
 properties of sound have consistent, species-independent effects on the
 response of an animal receiver. Research on professional animal trainers
 showed that trainers, of many linguistic and geographic backgrounds, used
 short, rapidly repeated broadband notes to stimulate motor activity and
 longer, continuous narrow-band notes to inhibit activity. Controlled tests on
 laboratory-raised domestic pups supported the hypothesis that short, rapidly
 repeated notes stimulate motor activity in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris).
 These studies are discussed in relation to the use of the same acoustic
 structures by nonhuman animals, and the hypothesis that some sounds are
 particularly effective in influencing the internal state and subsequent
 behavior of the mammals and birds who hear them.
 
 
 118                                                   NAL Call. No.: 1 AG84PRO
 Licensing and registration under the animal welfare act: guidelines for
 dealers, exhibitors, transporters, and researchers.
 Washington, D.C. : The Department; 1992 Apr.
 Program aid PA - U.S. Department of Agriculture v.): 20 p.; 1992 Apr.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Animal welfare; Law; Licenses; Usda; Regulation;
 Laboratory animals; Zoo animals
 
 
 119                                                      NAL Call. No.: 49 J82
 Live animal measurement of carcass traits by ultrasound: assessment and
 accuracy of sonographers.
 Robinson, D.L.; McDonald, C.A.; Hammond, K.; Turner, J.W.
 Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1992 Jun.
 Journal of animal science v. 70 (6): p. 1667-1676; 1992 Jun.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Beef cattle; Ultrasonic fat meters; Ultrasonography; Training
 courses; Fat thickness; Longissimus dorsi; Body fat; Ribs; Rump; Accuracy;
 Errors; Carcass composition
 
 Abstract:  The establishment and evaluation of an assessment system to
 accredit sonographers for measuring the carcass traits of subcutaneous fat
 depths and longissimus muscle area (LMA) on potential breeding animals by
 real-time ultrasound is described. Repeatability of operators, variation
 between the animal's left and right sides, and variations in technique were
 assessed from measurements and repeat measurements of 30 cattle by up to eight
 operators at three testing sessions. Accuracy of carcass data was determined
 by repeatability of measurements, variability between measurers, between left
 and right sides of the carcass, and variation due to handling and dressing
 procedures. Correlations with carcass data averaged .92 for rump fat, .90 for
 rib fat, and .87 for LMA. Residual SD averaged .81 mm, .88 mm, and 5.1 cm2. A
 very experienced sonographer can measure LMA only marginally less accurately
 than it can be measured on the carcass. In Session 3, the SE between repeat
 fat measurements for accredited sonographers averaged .43 mm, indicating that
 fat depths can be measured more accurately, but when comparing measurements
 from different operators, adjustments may be required for differences in
 technique, otherwise overall accuracy will be about the same, approximately 1
 mm. Scanned rump fat measurements were consistently approximately 20% higher
 than on the chilled, hanging carcass 24 h after slaughter; after applying the
 standard correction factor of 1.17, LMA measurements were similar. Scan and
 carcass rib fat measurements were similar for animals with less than or equal
 to 10 mm of fat cover, above which carcass measurements tended to be higher.
 
 
 120                                                NAL Call. No.: SF469.L52B87
 Llamas an introduction to care, training, and handling.
 Burt, Sandi,
 Loveland, CO : Alpine Publications, c1991; 1991.
 xiii, 190 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.  Includes bibliographical references (p. 181-184)
 and index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Llamas as pets
 
 
 121                                                      NAL Call. No.: 49 J82
 Management considerations in heifer development and puberty.
 Patterson, D.J.; Perry, R.C.; Kiracofe, G.H.; Bellows, R.A.; Staigmiller,
 R.B.; Corah, L.R.
 Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1992 Dec.
 Journal of animal science v. 70 (12): p. 4018-4035; 1992 Dec.  Presented at a
 symposium entitled "Management Considerations in Heifer Development and
 Puberty," Laramie, WY.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Heifers; Beef cows; Puberty; Age; Reproductive performance;
 Weaning weight; Crossbreds; Nutritional state; Progestogens; Literature reviews
 
 Abstract:  Management of replacement beef heifers should focus on factors that
 enhance physiological processes that promote puberty. Age at puberty is
 important as a production trait when heifers are bred to calve as 2-yr-olds
 and in systems that impose restricted breeding periods. Calving by 24 mo of
 age is necessary to obtain maximum lifetime productivity. Because the
 reproductive system is the last major organ system to mature, factors that
 influence puberty are critical. The influence of environment on the sequence
 of events leading to puberty in the heifer is dictated largely by the
 nutritional status of the animal and related effects on growth rate and
 development. Management strategies have been designed to ensure that heifers
 reach a prebreeding target weight that supports optimum reproductive
 performance, and consequences of inadequate or excessive development have been
 evaluated. Those strategies are based on evidence linking postweaning
 nutritional development with key reproductive events that include age at
 puberty and first breeding, conception, pregnancy loss, incidence and severity
 of dystocia, and postpartum interval to estrus. Management alternatives that
 ultimately affect lifetime productivity and reproductive performance of
 heifers begin at birth and include decisions that involve growth-promoting
 implants, creep-feeding, breed type and(or) species, birth date and weaning
 weight, social interaction, sire selection, and exogenous hormonal treatments
 to synchronize or induce estrus. Basic and applied future research efforts
 should converge to match in a realistic manner the production potential of the
 animal with available resources. Strategies that incorporate consideration of
 nutrition, genetics, and emerging management techniques will need to be tested
 to enable producers to make decisions that result in profit. This review
 evaluates the current status of knowledge relating to management of the
 replacement beef heifer and serves to stimulate research need
 
 
 122                                                  NAL Call. No.: 47.8 AM33P
 Measuring preferences and the strength of preferences.
 Duncan, I.J.H.
 Champaign, Ill. : Poultry Science Association; 1992 Apr.
 Poultry science v. 71 (4): p. 658-663; 1992 Apr.  Paper contributed to the
 Symposium on Quantifying the Behavior of Poultry.  Literature review.
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Poultry; Animal behavior; Testing; Animal welfare; Duration;
 Training of animals; Literature reviews
 
 Abstract:  In this review, it is argued that welfare concerns what animals
 feel. Preference tests give a good first indication of how animals feel and
 are therefore extremely valuable in animal welfare studies. Methods of
 overcoming the shortcomings of preference tests are discussed. In order that
 the results from preference tests be interpreted properly, they should be
 followed up with appropriate tests to measure the strength of preference.
 Examples of research in this area that have focused on poultry are given.
 
 
 123                                                  NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1I43
 A medical ethics primer.
 Robb, J.W.
 Washington, D.C. : Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research
 Council; 1989.
 I.L.A.R. news v. 31 (4): p. 21-29; 1989.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Bioethics
 
 
 124                                             NAL Call. No.: SF781.C365 1993
 Microbial diseases a veterinarian's guide to laboratory diagnosis., 1st ed..
 Carter, G. R.; Chengappa, M. M.
 Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University Press, c1993; 1993.
 xiv, 304 p. ; 22 cm.  Includes index.
 
 Language:  English; English
 
 Descriptors: Communicable diseases in animals; Veterinary clinical pathology
 
 
 125                                                  NAL Call. No.: QP251.A1T5
 Micromanipulation of mammalian embryos: principles, progress and future
 possibilities.
 Yang, X.Z.; Anderson, G.B.
 Stoneham, Mass. : Butterworth-Heinemann; 1992 Aug.
 Theriogenology v. 38 (2): p. 315-335; 1992 Aug.  Paper presented at the
 research symposium on "Reproduction in Farm Animals: Science, Application and
 Models," August 13, 1992, Ithaca, New York. Includes a list of his
 publications.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Mammals; Embryos; Surgery; Fertilization; Cloning; Embryonic
 development; Embryo culture; Literature reviews
 
 Abstract:  Numerous advances in development of techniques for manipulating
 mammalian embryos outside the maternal environment have been made over the
 past decade. Some techniques were developed primarily for use in research;
 others were developed in response to problems of practical livestock
 production but have proven useful in research as well. Embryo
 micromanipulation procedures are used often in conjunction with embryo
 transfer, and interest in these procedures was stimulated by growth of the
 embryo transfer industry. Included in this review are discussions of
 procedures for manipulation of gametes and embryos, including sperm injection
 into oocytes, pronuclear and nuclear transfer, embryo biopsy and splitting,
 experimental chimera production and isolation of embryonic stem cells.
 
 
 126                                                  NAL Call. No.: 47.8 AM33P
 A microscopist's view of poultry reproductive tracts and gametes.
 Bakst, M.R.
 Champaign, Ill. : Poultry Science Association; 1993 May.
 Poultry science v. 72 (5): p. 940-943; 1993 May.  Paper presented at the
 symposium "Current Advances in Reproduction", August 3, 1992 at the 81st
 Annual Meeting of the Poultry Science Association.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Chickens; Semen; Ova; Microscopy; Spermatozoa; Oviducts;
 Fluorescent dyes; Histochemistry; Interference
 
 Abstract:  The investigator using light or electron microscopy to elucidate
 the histology and ultrastructure of the reproductive organs and gametes of
 chickens and turkeys is confronted with unique problems. This paper addresses
 these as web as other more general concerns regarding specimen preparation and
 laboratory safety. The use of differential interference contrast microscopy
 coupled with fluorescence microscopy as a means to study the fate of sperm in
 the oviduct is introduced.
 
 
 127                                                     NAL Call. No.: 410 B77
 Modification of fear in domestic chicks, Gallus gallus domesticus, via regular
 handling and early environmental enrichment.
 Jones, R.B.; Waddington, D.
 London : Academic Press; 1992 Jun.
 Animal behaviour v. 43 (pt.6): p. 1021-1033; 1992 Jun.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Chicks; Fearfulness; Behavior modification; Handling;
 Environment; Enrichment; Animal welfare
 
 Abstract:  Although its adaptive properties are recognized, fear can harm the
 welfare and performance of intensively housed poultry. Its alleviation in
 individually caged domestic chicks via the independent or integrated
 application of regular handling and environmental enrichment regimes was
 investigated. The test situations incorporated varying degrees of exposure to
 novel, inanimate stimuli and of human involvement. Enrichment reduced freezing
 and avoidance of a novel object introduced into the home cage, accelerated
 emergence from a sheltered area into an exposed unfamiliar one and increased
 vocalization, ambulation and pecking in an open field or novel environment. It
 also reduced the chicks' avoidance of a nearby, visible experimenter and
 attenuated their tonic immobility reaction to manual restraint. Such
 wide-ranging effects suggest that environmental enrichment may have modified
 general, non-specific fearfulness. Regular handling also attenuated the
 chicks' tonic immobility responses and their avoidance of the experimenter but
 it exerted few other detectable effects and there was no demonstrable effect
 of handling in the presence of enrichment. These findings are consistent with
 the suggestion that repeated gentle handling may exert its strongest influence
 by facilitating habituation to human beings rather than by, reducing
 underlying fearfulness. The implications of reduced fearfulness and other
 potential benefits of handling and enrichment procedures are discussed.
 
 
 128                                                   NAL Call. No.: SF600.C82
 Molecular biology and transgenetics of prions causing CNS degeneration in
 humans and animals.
 Prusiner, S.B.
 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1991.
 Current topics in veterinary medicine and animal science v. 55: p. 59-82;
 1991.  In the series analytic: Sub-acute spongiform encephalopathies / edited
 by R. Bradley, M. Savey, and B. Marchant. Proceedings of a Seminar in the CEC
 Agricultural Research Programme, November 12-14, 1990, Brussels.  Literature
 review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animals; Man; Genes; Disease transmission; Prions; Literature
 reviews
 
 
 129                                                   NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3
 Murine cage density: cage ammonia levels during the reproductive performance
 of an inbred strain and two outbred stocks of monogamous breeding pairs of
 mice.
 Eveleigh, J.R.
 London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1993 Apr.
 Laboratory animals v. 27 (2): p. 156-160; 1993 Apr.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Mice; Cage density
 
 Abstract:  The Laboratory Animal Breeders Association guidelines recommend a
 minimum floor area of 300 cm2 for a monogamous pair of inbred/outbred mice or
 a trio of inbreds. The mean level of ammonia produced during lactation from
 BALB/c, TO and CD-1 breeding pairs housed in M2 cages with a floor area of 300
 cm2 on Day 4 after cleaning was 30 ppm, 87 ppm and 92 ppm, respectively. All 3
 strains of mice, particularly the outbred strains, were subjected to high
 levels of ammonia as compared with human long-term health and safety
 occupational exposure limits (25 ppm). However, there is a gradient of ammonia
 within an M2 breeding cage from the nest (19 ppm), to the food hopper, 77 ppm.
 By housing CD-1 pairs of mice in RM2 cages which have more than double the
 floor area of M2 cages (676 cm2), the mean level of ammonia during lactation
 on Day 4 after cleaning was reduced to 26 ppm. The reproductive performance on
 inbred/outbred strains of mice has to be equated with cage size (floor area)
 to maintain acceptable levels of ammonia. It is suggested that the recommended
 minimum floor areas for breeding mice be reviewed.
 
 
 130                                              NAL Call. No.: QA76.8.I2594M8
 Muscle physiology experiments on skeletal muscle a computer simulation..
 Muscle physiology
 Brown, Guy
 Leeds, UK? : Sheffield Bioscience Programs, 1989; 1989.
 1 computer disk ; 5 1/4 in. + user's guide.  Title from title screen.  Title
 on disk and user's guide: Muscle physiology.
 
 Language:  N/A
 
 Descriptors: Muscles; Physiological aspects; Computer simulation;
 Musculoskeletal system; Frogs as laboratory animals; Animal testing
 alternatives
 
 
 131                                                     NAL Call. No.: QH1.A43
 NABT's policy on the responsible use of animals in biology classrooms: a
 clarification.
 Reston, Va. : National Association of Biology Teachers; 1991 Feb.
 The American biology teacher v. 53 (2): p. 71; 1991 Feb.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal experiments; Science education; Professional associations;
 Policy
 
 
 132                                             NAL Call. No.: QA76.8.I2594D48
 Nerve physiology experiments on the frog sciatic nerve a computer simulation..
  Nerve physiology
 Dewhurst, David; Johnstone, Sally; Meehan, Anthony
 Leeds, UK? : Sheffield Bioscience Programs, 1989; 1989.
 1 computer disk ; 5 1/4 in. + user's guide.  Title from title screen.  Title
 on disk and user's guide: Nerve physiology.
 
 Language:  N/A
 
 Descriptors: Nerves; Physiological aspects; Computer simulation; Frogs as
 laboratory animals; Sciatic nerve; Computer simulation; Animal testing alte
 rnatives
 
 
 133                                        NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.973
 Non-human primates basic needs, handling and care.
 Southers, Jan
 American College of Toxicology, Meeting_1990 :_Orlando, Fla.),Production Plus,
 Inc
 Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors 1990 : Orlando, Fla.
 Closter, N.J. : Production Plus, Inc., [1990?]; 1990.
 1 videocassette (34 min., 43 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.  VHS.  Videotape of a
 presentation at Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors;
 presented at the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the American College of
 Toxicology, Orlando, Fla., Oct. 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Primates as laboratory animals; Primates;
 Animal welfare
 
 Abstract:  The physical facilities, environment, caging, sanitization,
 watering, feeding vermin control, identification of non-human primates.
 Emphasis is given to preventive medicine, and safety programs required for use
 with non-human primates.
 
 
 134                                                    NAL Call. No.: 500 N484
 Occupational health guidelines for control of Q fever in sheep research.
 Harrison, R.J.; Vugia, D.J.; Ascher, M.S.
 New York, N.Y. : The Academy; 1990.
 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences v. 590: p. 283-290; 1990.  In the
 series analytic: Rickettsiology: current issues and perspectives / edited by
 K.B. Hechemy, D. Paretsky, D.H. Walker, and L.P. Mallavia.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: California; Sheep; Coxiella burnetii; Disease vectors; Health
 protection; Q fever; Research workers; Zoonoses
 
 
 135                                                   NAL Call. No.: SF600.C82
 Oral transmission studies of BSE to mice.
 Barlow, R.M.; Middleton, D.J.
 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1991.
 Current topics in veterinary medicine and animal science v. 55: p. 33-39;
 1991.  In the series analytic: Sub-acute spongiform encephalopathies / edited
 by R. Bradley, M. Savey, and B. Marchant. Proceedings of a Seminar in the CEC
 Agricultural Research Programme, November 12-14, 1990, Brussels.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Mice; Bovine spongiform encephalopathy; Genetic resistance;
 Disease transmission
 
 
 136                                               NAL Call. No.: aHV4762.A3A64
 Oversight of the care and use of animals in animal behavior research in the
 United States.
 Stephens, M.L.
 Beltsville, Md. : Animal Welfare Information Center, National Agricultural
 Library, [1989?]; 1989 Sep.
 Animal care and use in behavioral research : regulations, issues, and
 applications : based on an invited paper session presented at the 1988 meeting
 of the Animal Behavior Society / Janis Wiley Driscoll, editor. p. 2-8; 1989
 Sep.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Laboratory animals; Animal welfare; Animal husbandry;
 Animal behavior; Animal research; Law; Guidelines
 
 
 137                                                  NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33
 Partnership in training--a winning combination.
 Maltby, C.J.
 New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1989 Jul.
 Lab animal v. 18 (5): p. 38-39, 41; 1989 Jul.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Missouri; Laboratory animals; Research institutes; Animal
 research; Training; Educational programs
 
 
 138                                                   NAL Call. No.: 60.18 J82
 Plant toxins and palatability to herbivores.
 Molyneux, R.J.; Ralphs, M.H.
 Denver, Colo. : Society for Range Management; 1992 Jan.
 Journal of range management v. 45 (1): p. 13-18; 1992 Jan.  Paper presented at
 the "Symposium on Ingestion of Poisonous Plants by Livestock," February 15,
 1990, Reno, Nevada.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Livestock; Poisoning; Poisonous weeds; Senecio; Astragalus;
 Oxytropis; Plant composition; Phytotoxins; Toxicity; Weed palatability;
 Pyrrolizidine alkaloids
 
 Abstract:  A complex relationship exists between the presence of toxins in a
 plant species and the palatability of that plant. The nature of the toxin and
 its concentration within the plant can generally be precisely defined, given a
 reasonable amount of research commitment, but the measurement of palatability,
 especially in livestock, is much more difficult to achieve. We hypothesize
 that analysis of possible roles of toxins in plants, their metabolic activity
 in animals, and physical and temporal distribution within the plant can be
 used to examine whether or not such compounds may significantly increase or
 reduce palatability to mammalian herbivores. Thus, if the toxin is effective
 in preventing predation of the plant or plant part by insect herbivores, or if
 it provides the plant with a competitive advantage versus other species, but
 does not produce adverse effects upon large mammals until significant
 quantities of biomass are consumed, then the toxin-palatability relationship
 is not significant. This concept is illustrated by examination of the toxicity
 produced in livestock by consumption of alkaloid-containing groundsel
 (Senecio) and locoweed (Astragalus and Oxytropis) species. The prevention of
 predation by localization of the toxin, mobilization to the site of attack, or
 production at a particular stage of growth provides opportunities for the
 application of management techniques designed to reduce exposure of livestock
 to natural plant toxicants.
 
 
 139                                                   NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3
 Population density and growth rate in laboratory mice.
 Peters, A.; Festing, M.
 London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1990 Jul.
 Laboratory animals v. 24 (3): p. 273-279; 1990 Jul.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Mice; Cage density; Growth rate
 
 Abstract:  Home Office guidelines recommend an area of 60 cm2 per mouse for
 growing mice up to 30 g. However, the overall growth rate, and final adrenal
 weight of weanling BALB/c and MF1 strain mice was not affected by being housed
 at a density of down to 27 cm2 per mouse, though there was some evidence of
 strain differences in ability to tolerate such dense housing. The presence of
 cage accessories had no effect on growth rate of BALB/c and female mice, but
 reduced growth of MF1 and male mice, though the effect was small. It is
 concluded that present Home Office guidelines make a generous provision for
 the space requirements of growing laboratory mice, and that the use of cage
 accessories of varying design may be worth exploring in more detail.
 
 
 140                                              NAL Call. No.: SF493.M54 1992
 Poultry breeders directory a resource guide for backyard poultry keepers and
 pure breed fanciers., 2nd ed..
 Miller, Megg
 Euroa, Vic. : Night Owl Publishers, c1992; 1992.
 72 p. : ill. ; 21 cm.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Poultry
 
 
 141                                                  NAL Call. No.: 47.8 AM33P
 Poultry science training--what industry needs.
 Snetsinger, D.C.
 Champaign, Ill. : Poultry Science Association; 1992 Aug.
 Poultry science v. 71 (8): p. 1308-1312; 1992 Aug.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Agricultural education; Agribusiness; Poultry farming;
 Agriculturalresearch; Problem solving; College curriculum; Graduate study
 
 Abstract:  The growth and maturation of the poultry industry has shifted some
 of the skills and competencies required of its employees. Additional training
 in problem solving and increased emphasis on human resources and management
 skills will be required in both graduate and undergraduate programs in poultry
 science. Exposure to contemporary issues and the processes whereby these are
 addressed will be valuable. Industry needs well-trained scientists for
 research and technical support in many disciplines but favored are individuals
 who have demonstrated inquisitiveness about and knowledge of how their
 discipline interacts with other facets of food animal production, and business
 management skills. To be most effective in future positions, graduates need
 greater awareness of the effects of global economies and the international
 technology base on the domestic poultry industry. Industry and academia must
 find new forums for the exchange of needs and must cooperate in training in
 order to develop the new leaders and managers who will sustain the dynamic
 growth of the poultry industry well into the twenty-first century.
 
 
 142                                                  NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1I43
 Principles and guidelines for the use of animals in precollege education.
 Washington, D.C. : Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research
 Council; 1989.
 I.L.A.R. news v. 31 (3): p. A1-A3; 1989.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal welfare; Guidelines; Teaching
 materials; Primary education
 
 
 143                                                  NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1I43
 Principles and guidelines for the use of animals in precollege education.
 Washington, D.C. : Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research
 Council; 1989.
 I.L.A.R. news v. 31 (3): p. A1-A3; 1989.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal welfare; Guidelines; Teaching
 materials; Primary education
 
 
 144                                                   NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94
 Procedure for training corral-living rhesus monkeys for fecal and blood sample
 collection.
 Phillippi-Falkenstein, K.; Clarke, M.R.
 Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1992 Feb.
 Laboratory animal science v. 42 (1): p. 83-85; 1992 Feb.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Macaca mulatta; Training of animals; Blood specimen collection;
 Feces collection
 
 
 145                                                NAL Call. No.: Slide no.384
 Rabbits bacterial and mycotic diseases..  Rabbits; bacterial and mycotic
 diseases
 McPherson, Charles W.
 University of Washington, Health Sciences Center for Educational Resources
 Seattle, WA : Produced and distributed by University of Washington, Health
 Sciences Center for Educational Resources, 1990; 1990.
 60 slides : col. + 1 sound cassette (19 min.) + 1 guide. (Laboratory animal
 medicine and science. Series 2 ; V-9005).  Publication date on guide: 1991.
 Sound accompaniment compatible for manual and automatic operation.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Rabbits; Rabbits as laboratory animals
 
 Abstract:  Covers clinical signs of rabbit pasteurellosis, enterotoxemia,
 mucoid enteropathy, treponematosis, mastitis, Tyzzer's Disease, and
 superficial mycoses.
 
 
 146                                                NAL Call. No.: Slide no.382
 Rabbits biology..  Rabbits; biology
 Linn, Jeffrey M.
 University of Washington, Health Sciences Center for Educational Resources
 Seattle, WA : Produced and distributed by University of Washington, Health
 Sciences Center for Educational Resources, 1990; 1990.
 36 slides : col. + 1 sound cassette (12 min.) + 1 guide. (Laboratory animal
 medicine and science. Series 2 ; V-9003).  Publication date on guide: 1991.
 Sound accompaniment compatible for manual and automatic operation.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Rabbits; Rabbits as laboratory animals
 
 Abstract:  Includes taxonomy, unique anatomical features, breeds of laboratory
 rabbits, normal vital signs and hematological values, injection sites, hair
 growth, gestation, and determining sex.
 
 
 147                                                NAL Call. No.: Slide no.381
 Rabbits care and management in a laboratory setting..  Rabbits, care and
 managment in a laboratory setting
 Harwell, James F.; Pucak, George
 University of Washington, Health Sciences Center for Educational Resources
 Seattle, WA : Produced and distributed by University of Washington, Health
 Sciences Center for Educational Resources, 1990; 1990.
 47 slides : col. + 1 sound cassette (20 min.) + 1 guide. (Laboratory animal
 medicine and science. Series 2 ; V-9002).  Publication date on guide: 1991.
 Sound accompaniment compatible for manual and automatic operation.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Rabbits as laboratory animals; Laboratory animals; Animal welfare
 
 Abstract:  Covers importance of the environment, writing procedures for care
 and management to comply with the Animal Welfare Act and the Guide for the
 Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.
 
 
 148                                                NAL Call. No.: Slide no.379
 Rabbits introduction to use in research..  Rabbits, introduction to use in
 research
 Van Hoosier, G. L.; DiGiacomo, R. F.
 University of Washington, Health Sciences Center for Educational Resources
 Seattle, WA : produced and distributed by University of Washington, Health
 Sciences Center for Educational Resources, 1990; 1990.
 46 slides : col. + 1 sound cassette (19 min.) + 1 guide. (Laboratory animal
 medicine and science. Series 2 ; V-9001).  Publication date on guide: 1991.
 Sound accompaniment compatible for automatic and manual operation.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Rabbits as laboratory animals; Animal welfare
 
 Abstract:  Presents laws and guidelines, historical use in research and
 testing, development of alternatives, attributes as research animals,
 recognition of pain and disease, and signs and significance of common
 diseases.
 
 
 149                                                NAL Call. No.: Slide no.383
 Rabbits noninfectious diseases..  Rabbits, noninfectious diseases
 McPherson, Charles W.
 University of Washington, Health Sciences Center for Educational Resources
 Seattle, WA : Produced and distributed by University of Washington, Health
 Sciences Center for Educational Resources, 1990; 1990.
 51 slides : col. + 1 sound cassette (18 min.) + 1 guide. (Laboratory animal
 medicine and science. Series 2 ; V-9004).  Publication date on guide: 1991.
 Sound accompaniment compatible for manual and automatic operation.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Rabbits as laboratory animals
 
 Abstract:  Covers clinical signs of neoplasias, buphthalmia, splay leg,
 mandibular prognathism, pododermatitis, vertebral dislocation/fracture,
 gastric trichobezoars, moist dermatitis and nutritional deficiences.
 
 
 150                                                NAL Call. No.: Slide no.380
 Rabbits parasitic, protozoal, and viral diseases..  Rabbits, parasitic,
 protozoal, and viral diseases
 Harkness, John E.
 University of Washington, Health Sciences Center for Educational Resources
 Seattle, WA : produced and distributed by University of Washington, Health
 Sciences Center for Educational Resources, 1990; 1990.
 35 slides : col. + 1 sound cassette (12 min.) + 1 guide. (Laboratory animal
 medicine and science. Series 2 ; V-9006).  Publication date on guide: 1991.
 Sound accompaniment compatible for manual and automatic operation.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Rabbits as laboratory animals; Rabbits
 
 Abstract:  Covers viral, protozoal, and parasitic diseases common to rabbits,
 clinical and pathologic signs, and diagnostic, treatment, and prevention
 measures.
 
 
 151                                                      NAL Call. No.: 49 J82
 Recent progress on analytical techniques for mycotoxins in feedstuffs.
 Chu, F.S.
 Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1992 Dec.
 Journal of animal science v. 70 (12): p. 3950-3963; 1992 Dec.  Paper presented
 at a symposium entitled "Current Perspectives on Mycotoxins in Animal Feeds,"
 Laramie, WY.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Feeds; Aflatoxins; Screening; Quality controls; Hplc;
 Immunochemistry; Mycotoxins; Elisa; Laboratory methods; Analytical methods;
 Literature reviews
 
 Abstract:  Analysis of mycotoxins in feedstuffs is a difficult task because
 only trace amounts of the toxins are present in the sample. However, rapid
 progress in the area of mycotoxin analysis has been made during the last few
 years. Simplified sample cleanup protocols and new chromatographic methods,
 especially HPLC, have been developed. New, more sensitive and versatile
 instruments such as high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) and gas
 chromatography/tandem MS/MS are coming to the market. After 15 yr of
 laboratory research, immunoassay techniques have gained more acceptance as
 analytical tools for mycotoxins. Several immunoassay kits for mycotoxins are
 currently available. The development of these new techniques and their
 application for monitoring various mycotoxins in foods and feeds are described
 in this review.
 
 
 152                                                  NAL Call. No.: SF196.U5A8
 Recent research suggests new approaches to alleviate summer heat-stress
 infertility in dairy cows.
 Monty, D.E. Jr
 Tucson, Ariz. : The Service; 1989 May.
 Arizona dairy newsletter - University of Arizona, Cooperative Extension
 Service. p. 1-4; 1989 May.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Dairy cows; Lactating females; Heat stress; Conception rate;
 Veterinary education
 
 
 153                                                   NAL Call. No.: SF600.C82
 Recently described scrapie-like encephalopathies of animals: case definitions.
 Wells, G.A.H.; McGill, I.S.
 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1991.
 Current topics in veterinary medicine and animal science v. 55: p. 11-24;
 1991.  In the series analytic: Sub-acute spongiform encephalopathies / edited
 by R. Bradley, M. Savey, and B. Marchant. Proceedings of a Seminar in the CEC
 Agricultural Research Programme, November 12-14, 1990, Brussels.  Literature
 review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Cattle; Domestic animals; Bovine spongiform encephalopathy;
 Foodborne diseases; Histopathology; Diagnosis; Literature reviews
 
 
 154                                        NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.968
 Recognition and alleviation of pain and distress Michael D. Kastello.
 Kastello, Michael D.
 American College of Toxicology, Meeting_1990 :_Orlando, Fla.),Production Plus,
 Inc
 Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors 1990 : Orlando, Fla.
 Closter, N.J. : Production Plus, Inc., [1990?]; 1990.
 1 videocassette (22 min., 30 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.  VHS.  Videotape of a
 presentation at Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors;
 presented at the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the American College of
 Toxicology, Orlando, Fla., Oct. 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare; Euthanasia; Analgesics
 
 Abstract:  Relevant definitions and mechanisms for determining and alleviating
 pain are discussed. The responsibilities and interaction of the study
 director, attending veterinarian and the animal care and use committee are
 outlined. Methods to determine the appropriate endpoint of studies are
 proposed.
 
 
 155                                             NAL Call. No.: TS1960.G73 1991
 Recommended animal handling guidelines for meat packers.
 Grandin, Temple
 Washington, DC : American Meat Institute, [1991?]; 1991.
 21 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.  Cover title.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Slaughtering and slaughter-houses; Livestock; Animal welfare
 
 
 156                                                NAL Call. No.: aHV4701.A952
 Reductions in animal use in veterinary medical education.
 Loew, F.M.
 Beltsville, Md. : National Agricultural Library, AWIC; 1991 Apr.
 Animal Welfare Information Center newsletter v. 2 (2): p. 4; 1991 Apr.
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal testing alternatives; Veterinary science; Science
 education
 
 
 157                                                  NAL Call. No.: QP251.A1T5
 Regulation of estrous cycles in dairy cattle: a review.
 Larson, L.L.; Ball, P.J.H.
 Stoneham, Mass. : Butterworth-Heinemann; 1992 Aug.
 Theriogenology v. 38 (2): p. 255-267; 1992 Aug.  Paper presented at the
 research symposium on "Reproduction in Farm Animals: Science, Application and
 Models," August 13, 1992, Ithaca, New York. Includes a list of his
 publications.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Dairy cows; Synchronization; Estrus; Ovulation; Prostaglandins;
 Corpus luteum; Progesterone; Heifers; Artificial insemination; Luteolysis;
 Literature reviews
 
 Abstract:  Artificial insemination has allowed rapid genetic progress in dairy
 cattle through the use of semen from genetically superior sires. Detection of
 estrus and proper timing of insemination remain as major problems limiting
 reproductive efficiency in dairy herds. Numerous programs for regulating
 estrous cycles have been examined in this review. While several programs
 appear promising, results remain variable and the need for accurate detection
 of estrus has not been eliminated. Nulliparous heifers seem to respond more
 consistently than lactating cows. Further research is required to develop a
 successful program that will consistently produce a precise synchrony of
 estrus and ovulation with normal fertility and be cost effective.
 
 
 158                                            NAL Call. No.: aHV4764.U53 1992
 Regulatory enforcement and animal care policy manual.
 United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Regulatory
 Enforcement and Animal Care
 Hyattsville, Md.? : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Animal and Plant H ealth
 Inspection Service, Regulatory Enforcement and Animal Care, [; 1992; A
 101.8:An 5/2.
 1 v. (various pagings) : ill., map ; [1992].  Cover title.  Shipping list no.:
 92-0382-P.  May 1992.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare
 
 
 159                                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3
 Research and development to enhance laboratory animal welfare.
 Whitney, R.A.
 Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association; 1992 Mar01.
 Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association v. 200 (5): p. 663-666;
 1992 Mar01.  Paper presented at the symposium "Animal welfare and alternatives
 to animals--current knowledge and research needs", July 31, 1991, Seattle,
 Washington.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal welfare; Medical research
 
 
 160                                                     NAL Call. No.: SF5.B74
 Research and extension in livestock development.
 Schiere, J.B.
 Midlothian, Scotland : The Society; 1993.
 BSAP occasional publication : an occasional publication of the British Society
 of Animal Production (16): p. 135-144; 1993.  In the series analytic: Animal
 production in developing countries / edited by M. Gill et al. Proceedings of a
 Symposium, September 1991, Wye.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal husbandry; Extension; Diffusion of information; Applied
 research
 
 
 161                                                      NAL Call. No.: 49 J82
 Research applications of ultrasonic imaging in reproductive biology.
 Griffin, P.G.; Ginther, O.J.
 Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1992 Mar.
 Journal of animal science v. 70 (3): p. 953-972; 1992 Mar.  Paper presented at
 a symposium titled "Application of Ultrasound in Animal Science Research",
 Ames, Iowa.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Mares; Cows; Ultrasonography; Ovaries; Uterus; Graafian
 follicles; Imagery; Corpus luteum; Conceptus; Embryo mortality; Research;
 Literature reviews
 
 Abstract:  In the short time that transrectal ultrasonic imaging of the
 reproductive tract has been used as a research tool, many discoveries have
 resulted, some of which would otherwise have escaped detection for many years.
 Ultrasonography provides a wide array of morphologic information without
 invading or disturbing the tissues. Examinations can be done repeatedly over
 many days, or a dynamic event (e.g., ovulation) can be monitored in its
 entirety by continuous observation (e.g., 30 min). Inclusion of ultrasonic
 examinations in experimental protocols affords the opportunity to associate
 changing morphology with hormonal and other functional changes. If
 experimental testing is expected to involve changing morphology, ultrasonic
 imaging should be considered. End points can be measured or ranked and
 therefore data can be statistically analyzed for conventional hypothesis
 testing. The research potential of this technology and its adaptability for
 computer-assisted assessment go far beyond simplistic determination of
 ovulation, luteal formation, and pregnancy diagnosis. It is the authors'
 opinion that ultrasonic imaging is a revolutionary advance in reproductive
 research that is destined to rival the impact of other technologic
 breakthroughs, including radioimmunoassay.
 
 
 162                                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3
 Research training for veterinarians and graduate education in veterinary
 medical colleges.
 Cornelius, C.E.; Biery, D.N.; Easterday, B.C.; McGuire, T.C. Jr; Pedersen,
 N.C.; Phemister, R.D.; Pritchard, W.R.
 Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association; 1993 May01.
 Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association v. 202 (9): p.
 1368-1372; 1993 May01.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Veterinary education; Animal experiments; Veterinarians;
 Graduate study; Veterinary schools
 
 
 163                                        NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.736
 The responsible care and use of the canine in research University of
 Wisconsin, Research Animal Resources Center..  Responsible use and care of the
 canine in research
 Thorsen, Peter
 University of Wisconsin--Madison, Research Animal Resources Center
 Madison, Wis. : The Center, c1989; 1989.
 1 videocassette (30 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.  VHS.  A training and
 instructional video by Peter Thorsen.  Title on container: Responsible use and
 care of the canine in research.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Dogs as laboratory animals; Animal welfare; Laboratory animals;
 Animal immobilization
 
 
 164                                                   NAL Call. No.: SF600.C82
 Review of scrapie-like diseases to 1986.
 Kimberlin, R.H.
 Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1991.
 Current topics in veterinary medicine and animal science v. 55: p. 1-9; 1991.
 In the series analytic: Sub-acute spongiform encephalopathies / edited by R.
 Bradley, M. Savey, and B. Marchant. Proceedings of a Seminar in the CEC
 Agricultural Research Programme, November 12-14, 1990, Brussels.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Domestic animals; Bovine spongiform encephalopathy; Scrapie;
 Alleles; Disease transmission; Meat and bone meal; Species differences
 
 
 165                                        NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.967
 Rodents basic needs, handling and care.
 Hamm, Thomas E.
 American College of Toxicology, Meeting_1990 :_Orlando, Fla.),Production Plus,
 Inc
 Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors 1990 : Orlando, Fla.
 Closter, N.J. : Production Plus, Inc., [1990?]; 1990.
 1 videocassette (18 min., 21 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.  VHS.  Videotape of a
 presentation at Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors;
 presented at the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the American College of
 Toxicology, Orlando, Fla., Oct. 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Rodents as laboratory animals; Animal welfare
 
 Abstract:  Training video for research personnel which includes a discussion
 of animal shipping, identification, viral disease monitoring, confinement
 caging, water, bedding and environment for rodents. Guidelines for determining
 when euthanasia is appropriate are provided.
 
 
 166                                                  NAL Call. No.: QP251.A1T5
 The role of nutrients, peptide growth factors and co-culture cells in
 development of preimplantation embryos in vitro.
 Kane, M.T.; Carney, E.W.; Ellington, J.E.
 Stoneham, Mass. : Butterworth-Heinemann; 1992 Aug.
 Theriogenology v. 38 (2): p. 297-313; 1992 Aug.  Paper presented at the
 research symposium on "Reproduction in Farm Animals: Science, Application and
 Models," August 13, 1992, Ithaca, New York. Includes a list of his
 publications.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Mammals; Embryo culture; In vitro; Culture media; Nutrients;
 Growth factors; Literature reviews
 
 Abstract:  Our knowledge of the control of preimplantation embryo development
 and growth is deficient in many aspects as is evidenced by the great
 difficulty there is in growing embryos of many species in vitro while
 maintaining viability. This review discusses recent findings on the roles of
 nutrients, peptide growth factors and co-culture cells in embryo growth and
 development in vitro.
 
 
 167                                        NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.749
 Safe use of pesticides and disinfectants in the poultry industry produced by
 Office of Pesticide Information and Coordination, Integrated Pest Management
 Education and Publications, UC Statewide IPM Project, University of
 California, Davis ; videotaped and edited by Visual Media, Division of
 Agriculture and Natural Resources, UC, Davis.
 University of California, Davis, Visual Media, University of California,
 Davis, Office of Pesticide Information and Coordination
 Davis, CA : Visual Media, [1989?]; 1989.
 1 videocassette (25 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.  VHS.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Poultry; Housing; Disinfection; Safety measures; Disinfection and
 disinfectants; Safety measures; Pesticides; Safety measures; Veterinary
 disinfection; Safety measures
 
 Abstract:  This videocassette, designed to provide general training for
 poultry workers, discusses the safe use of pesticides in and around poultry
 houses and processing plants. It focuses on disinfectants. The program
 explains the significance of labels and signal words; the three ways
 pesticides enter the body, through inhalation, ingestion, and absorption; how
 to use and maintain protective clothing and equipment, properly apply
 pesticides, properly dispose of containers, handle pesticide spills, recognize
 pesticide poisoning symptoms, handle medical emergencies, and avoid
 overexposure of applicators by periodic blood analysis for cholinesterase
 level. Preventing bird poisonong and avoiding illegal pesticide residues are
 addressed. Formaldehyde and herbicides are covered. Insecticides, miticides,
 insect baits and sprays, and rodenticides are mentioned as pesticides used in
 the poultry industry.
 
 
 168                                                  NAL Cimal handling and sa
 Sampling, evaluation and utilization of animal genetic resources.
 Gregory, K.E.; Dickerson, G.E.
 Boston : Kluwer Academic Publishers; 1989.
 Biotic diversity and germplasm preservation, global imperatives / Lloyd
 Knutson and Allan K. Stoner, editors. p. 185-264; 1989. (Beltsville symposia
 in agricultural research ; 13).  Paper presented at a Symposium May 9-11,
 1988, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland.
 Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Domestic animals; Genetic resources; Genetic variation;
 Germplasm; Resource management; Resource utilization
 
 
 169                                                  NAL Call. No.: 47.8 AM33P
 Sampling methods in behavior research.
 Lehner, P.N.
 Champaign, Ill. : Poultry Science Association; 1992 Apr.
 Poultry science v. 71 (4): p. 643-649; 1992 Apr.  Paper contributed to the
 Symposium on Quantifying the Behavior of Poultry.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal behavior; Activity sampling; Representative sampling;
 Measurement; Data analysis
 
 Abstract:  Animals perform a continuous stream of behavior throughout their
 lives. Because their behavior is not random, appropriate sampling methods can
 be used to obtain data that accurately reflect the actual behavior and are
 valid for answering research questions. Answering questions related to several
 variables assists in narrowing the choices of sampling methods. First, a
 determination must be made of what behaviors to measure. If the behaviors are
 few and easily measured, then All Occurrences Sampling is the method of choice
 because it generates accurate frequency and duration data through continuous
 recording. Sequence and Sociometric Matrix Sampling are specialized types of
 All Occurrences Sampling that are restricted to sampling intra- or
 interindividual sequences and social interactions (e.g., agonistic),
 respectively. Second, if who (e.g., specific individual, sex, or genotype)
 performs the behavior is a major component of the research question, then
 should be given to Focal Animal (Pair, Group) Sampling. Third, if when or
 where the behavior is performed is of interest (e.g., activity budget), then
 Instantaneous or Scan Sampling can often be effective. Ad libitum Sampling
 does not produce valid data for analyses, but it is useful when formulating
 and fine-tuning research questions. One-Zero Sampling is not recommended
 except when the research question relates to the presence or absence of
 behaviors only. Other factors to consider in selecting a sampling method are
 duration of the behavior (event or state), desired scale of measurement
 (nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio), and logistics (e.g., time, and
 equipment and facilities available).
 
 
 170                                                   NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3
 The scope for improving the design of laboratory animal experiments.
 Festing, M.F.W.
 London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1992 Oct.
 Laboratory animals v. 26 (4): p. 256-267; 1992 Oct.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal experiments; Experimental design
 
 Abstract:  The factors which need to be taken into account in designing a
 'good' experiment are reviewed. Such an experiment should be unbiased, have
 high precision, a wide range of applicability, it should be simple, and there
 should be a means of quantifying uncertainty (Cox 1958). The relative
 precision due to the use of randomized block designs was found to range from
 96% to 543% in 5 experiments involving 30 variables. However, a survey of 78
 papers published in two toxicology journals showed that such designs were
 hardly used. Similarly, designs in which more than one factor was varied
 simultaneously ('factorial designs') were only used in 9% of studies, though
 interactions between variables such as dose and strain of animal may be
 common, so that single factor experiments could be misleading. The
 consequences of increased within-group variability due to infection and
 genetic segregation were quantified using data published by Gartner (1990).
 Both substantially reduced precision, but toxicologists continue to use
 non-isogenic laboratory animals, leading to experiments with a lower level of
 precision than is necessary. It is concluded that there is scope for improving
 the design of animal experiments, which could lead to a reduction in animal
 use. People using animals should be required to take formal training courses
 which include sessions on experimental design in order to minimize animal use
 and to increase experimental efficiency.
 
 
 171                                        NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.970
 Searching the literature for alternatives Judith Roff.
 Roff, Judith
 American College of Toxicology, Meeting_1990 :_Orlando, Fla.),Production Plus,
 Inc
 Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors 1990 : Orlando, Fla.
 Closter, N.J. : Production Plus, Inc., [1990?]; 1990.
 1 videocassete (26 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.  VHS.  Videotape of a
 presentation at Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors;
 presented at the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the American College of
 Toxicology, Orlando, Fla., Oct. 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare; Animal models in research
 
 Abstract:  Information which scientists can utilize to determine availability
 of alternatives to the use of animals in testing or research is provided.
 There is a detailed description of the information services and products
 available from major organizations, information centers and scientific
 databases involved in the alternatives field. In addition, pointers are given
 on how to effectively define and locate alternative methods.
 
 
 172                                                  NAL Call. No.: QP251.A1T5
 Sexual behavior of farm animals.
 Katz, L.S.; McDonald, T.J.
 Stoneham, Mass. : Butterworth-Heinemann; 1992 Aug.
 Theriogenology v. 38 (2): p. 239-253; 1992 Aug.  Paper presented at the
 research symposium on "Reproduction in Farm Animals: Science, Application and
 Models," August 13, 1992, Ithaca, New York. Includes a list of his
 publications.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Cattle; Sheep; Goats; Sexual behavior; Estrus; Teasing; Sex
 hormones; Sex differentiation; Literature reviews
 
 Abstract:  The field of sexual behavior of domestic farm animals is discussed
 with emphasis on studies of cattle, sheep and goats. Descriptions are provided
 of behaviors related to the attractivity, proceptivity and receptivity of
 females, as well as environmental and physiological factors influencing both
 male and female sexual behavior. The organizational and activational actions
 of steroid hormones on behavior are also reviewed.
 
 
 173                                                   NAL Call. No.: SF379.M37
 The shedhand's manual.
 Martel, Rosalind
 Queensland? : R. Martel?, c1989 (Moorooka, Qld. : Merino Lithographics); 1989.
 vi, 93 p. : ill. ; 21 cm. (Woolclassing today ; book 1).  Includes a
 shedhand's logbook/reference.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Sheep-shearing; Australia; Wool; Australia; Handling; Study and
 teaching; Wool baling; Study and teaching; Shearing sheds; Australia; Sheep
 shearers (Persons); Australia
 
 
 174                                                   NAL Call. No.: SF981.S58
 Small animal behavior a short course for veterinarians.
 Selcer, Elizabeth Shull; Shell, Linda
 Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine
 S.l. s.n., 1989?; 1989.
 8, 3 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm.  Cover title.  "A seminar for veterinarians and
 veterinary technicians, November 30, 1989"--leaf following t.p.  Contents:
 Small animal behavior disorders / Elizabeth Shull Selcer--Neurological
 disorders presenting as behavioral problems / Linda Shell.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Pet medicine; Congresses; Animal behavior; Congresses
 
 
 175                                                   NAL Call. No.: QL750.E74
 Social play and physical training: when "not enough" may be plenty.
 Bekoff, M.
 Berlin, W. Ger. : Paul Parey; 1989 Jan.
 Ethology v. 80 (1/4): p. 330-333; 1989 Jan.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Rats; Rodents; Social behavior; Play; Training (animal)
 
 
 176                                              NAL Call. No.: SF600.C82 v.53
 Social stress in domestic animals a seminar in the Community Programme for the
 Coordination of Agricultural Research, held in Brussels, Belgium, 26-27 May
 1988.
 Zayan, Rene; Dantzer, Robert
 Commission of the European Communities, Coordination of Agricultural Research
 Dordrecht ; Boston : Kluwer Academic Publishers, c1990; 1990.
 xvii, 313 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. (Current topics in veterinary medicine and animal
 science ; v. 53).  For the Commission of the European Communities.  Includes
 bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Domestic animals; Psychology; Congresses; Social behavior in
 animals; Congresses; Crowding stress in animals; Congresses
 
 
 177                                        NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.969
 Sources of information on animal research legislation and animal welfare Robin
 C. Guy.
 Guy, Robin C.
 American College of Toxicology, Meeting_1990 :_Orlando, Fla.),Production Plus,
 Inc
 Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directions 1990 : Orlando, Fla.
 Closter, N.J. : Production Plus, Inc., [1990?]; 1990.
 1 videocassete (14 min., 18 sec.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in.  VHS.  Videotape of a
 presentation at Symposium: Animal Welfare Compliance for Study Directors;
 presented at the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the American College of
 Toxicology, Orlando, Fla., Oct. 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare
 
 Abstract:  The sources of information for animal welfare legislation,
 educational materials, databases, alternatives and animal research advocacy
 are described and addresses provided. Includes information on organizations
 such as AALAS, AAALAC, AWIC, ILAR, SCAW, CAAT, FRAME, NABR, FBR, iiFAR and
 others.
 
 
 178                                                 NAL Call. No.: R747.R62R62
 Staff handbook.
 Rockefeller University. Laboratory Animal Research Center
 New York, N.Y.? : Rockefeller University?, 1989?; 1989.
 1 v. (various pagings) : ill. ; 28 cm.  Cover title.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal experimentation; Handbooks, manuals, etc
 
 
 179                                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3
 Standards for animal research: justification and assessment of alternatives.
 Dresser, R.
 Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association; 1992 Mar01.
 Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association v. 200 (5): p. 667-669;
 1992 Mar01.  Paper presented at the symposium "Animal welfare and alternatives
 to animals--current knowledge and research needs", July 31, 1991, Seattle,
 Washington.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal experiments; Animal testing
 alternatives; Standards; Animal welfare
 
 
 180                                                  NAL Call. No.: HV4708.S73
 The Status of animals ethics, education and welfare.
 Paterson, David; Palmer, Mary
 Humane Education Foundation
 Wallingford, Oxon, UK : Published on behalf of the Humane Education Foundation
 by CAB International, 1989; 1989.
 xi, 257 p. ; 23 cm.  Proceedings of a symposium held at Nottingham University
 in the summer of 1988.  Includes bibliographical references and index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animals, Treatment of
 
 
 181                                                      NAL Call. No.: 49 J82
 Supplemental folic acid: a requirement for optimizing swine reproduction.
 Lindemann, M.D.
 Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1993 Jan.
 Journal of animal science v. 71 (1): p. 239-246; 1993 Jan.  Paper presented at
 symposium titled "High Levels of Supplemental Vitamins on Reproduction of
 Swine", Ames, Iowa.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Pigs; Folic acid; Sow reproduction; Pregnancy; Litter size; Feed
 additives
 
 Abstract:  The administration of supplemental folic acid to female reproducing
 swine (either via injection or dietary supplementation) is a fairly recent
 research phenomenon. The majority of publications have occurred during the
 past 5 yr; few publications on this topic appeared before 1983. Although folic
 acid supplementation is a young research area compared to that involving many
 other vitamins, the reported results are quite consistent. There seem to be no
 major benefits to lactational supplementation; although supplementation in
 lactation is effective in elevating sow serum folate, milk folate, and nursing
 pig serum folate, it has not produced changes in sow BW, litter size weaned,
 or pig gain. Supplementation during gestation has yielded a consistent
 benefit: a positive response in total pigs born in all studies. The response
 in gestation of increased litter size seems to be a result of improved embryo
 or fetal survival rather than increased ovulation, although the mechanism
 whereby survival rate is improved is yet to be understood. Clearly,
 supplemental folic acid is required to maximize sow prolificacy.
 
 
 182                                               NAL Call. No.: aHV4762.A3A64
 Surveillance of animal care and use in Canada.
 Michener, G.R.
 Beltsville, Md. : Animal Welfare Information Center, National Agricultural
 Library, [1989?]; 1989 Sep.
 Animal care and use in behavioral research : regulations, issues, and
 applications : based on an invited paper session presented at the 1988 meeting
 of the Animal Behavior Society / Janis Wiley Driscoll, editor. p. 9-14; 1989
 Sep.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Canada; Laboratory animals; Animal welfare; Private
 organizations; Guidelines; Animal husbandry
 
 
 183                                                   NAL Call. No.: SF601.J62
 Survey of the surgical curricula of veterinary colleges.
 Hartmann, E.P.
 Blacksburg, Va. : The Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges;
 1990.
 Journal of veterinary medical education v. 17 (1): p. 8-10; 1990.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: U.S.A.; Veterinary education; Surgery; College curriculum;
 Surveys; Laboratory animals; Teaching methods; Animal testing alternatives;
 Animal welfare
 
 
 184                                                   NAL Call. No.: SF601.J62
 Survival vs. terminal animal laboratories to teach small animal surgery.
 Bauer, M.S.; Glickman, N.; Salisbury, S.K.; Toombs, J.P.; Prostredny, J.M.
 Blacksburg, Va. : The Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges;
 1992.
 Journal of veterinary medical education v. 19 (2): p. 54-58; 1992.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Dogs; Cats; Surgery; Teaching methods; Animal experiments;
 Cadavers; Euthanasia; Survival; Veterinary education; College students;
 Attitudes; Beliefs; Learning experiences; Academic achievement; Animal welfare
 
 
 185                                              NAL Call. No.: RB125.S79 1992
 Swine as models in biomedical research., 1st ed..
 Swindle, M. Michael; Moody, Donald C.; Phillips, Lucy D.
 Charles River International Symposium on Laboratory Animals 7th : 1989 :
 Danvers, Mass.
 Ames : Iowa State University Press, 1992; 1992.
 xv, 312 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.  "Proceedings of the Seventh Charles River
 International Symposium which took place in Danvers, Massachusetts, September
 18-20, 1989"--Pref.  Includes bibliographical references and index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Swine as laboratory animals
 
 
 186                                       NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.1593
 Swine handling and transportation Livestock Conservation Institute ; producer,
 Temple Grandin ; production services, Bernetta Communications, Inc..
 Livestock handling guide Livestock trucking guide Handling pigs
 Grandin, Temple
 Bernetta Communications, Livestock Conservation Institute
 Madison, Wis. : The Institute, [c1989?]; 1989.
 1 videocassette (21 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 3 guides.  Guides are
 entitled: Livestock handling guide, Livestock trucking guide, and Handling
 pigs.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Swine
 
 Abstract:  Describes basic principles of pig behavior including vision, flight
 zone, reaction to noise, and following behavior. Shows various handling and
 transportation practices that reduce bruises, decrease injuries, and increase
 efficiency.
 
 
 187                                                     NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5
 The symbiosis of legislation and of voluntary control--the Canadian
 experience.
 Rowsell, H.C.
 Sussex : The Institute; 1991 Apr.
 Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 42 (1):
 p. 1-10; 1991 Apr.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Canada; Animal experiments; Laboratory animals; Teaching;
 Training; Testing; Legislation; Regulations; Animal welfare
 
 
 188                                              NAL Call. No.: RA1199.4.A54C4
 Target animal safety guidelines for new animal drugs.
 Center for Veterinary Medicine (U.S.). Office of New Animal Drug Evaluation
 Rockville, Md.? : The Office, [1989]; 1989.
 66 p. ; 28 cm.  Cover title.  June 1989.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Toxicology; United States; Animal models; Toxicity testing;
 United States; In vivo; Animal experimentation; Law and legislation;
 United States; Veterinary drugs; United States
 
 
 189                                                  NAL Call. No.: HV4708.S73
 Teaching of animal welfare to veterinary students.
 Stewart, M.F.
 Wallingford, Oxon, UK : CAB International; 1989.
 The status of animals : ethics, education and welfare / edited by David
 Paterson and Mary Palmer. p. 200-206; 1989.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Veterinary education; Animal welfare
 
 
 190                                                      NAL Call. No.: 49 J82
 Teaching principles of behavior and equipment design for handling livestock.
 Grandin, T.
 Champaign, Ill. : American Society of Animal Science; 1993 Apr.
 Journal of animal science v. 71 (4): p. 1065-1070; 1993 Apr.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal behavior; Senses; Livestock; Handling; Stress factors;
 Animal housing; Design; Slaughter
 
 Abstract:  A course is described in which students are taught principles of
 livestock behavior and how an understanding of behavior can facilitate
 handling. Some of the principles that are covered in the course are livestock
 senses, flight zone, herd behavior during handing, and methods to reduce
 stress during handling. To teach problem solving and original thinking, the
 students design three different types of handling facilities. Design of
 restraint equipment and humane slaughter procedures are also covered. Both
 existing systems and ideas for future systems are discussed. Students are
 provided with information from both scientific studies and practical
 experience.
 
 
 191                                                     NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5
 Technicians and the use of animals for teaching purposes.
 Close, B.S.
 Sussex : The Institute; 1990 Dec.
 Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 41 (3):
 p. 223-228; 1990 Dec.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Technicians; European communities; Education; Animals; Animal
 welfare
 
 
 192                                              NAL Call. No.: QH324.B39 1989
 Techniques and materials in biology care and use of living animals, plants and
 microorganisms., 2nd ed..
 Behringer, Marjorie P.,
 Malabar, Fla. : R.E. Krieger Pub., 1989; 1989.
 viii, 628 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.  New section four / S.N. Postlethwair, R.E.
 Kuhrkopf, J.E.J. Habowsky.  Includes bibliographical references and index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Biology; Technique; Biology; Laboratory manuals; Laboratory
 animals
 
 
 193                                                   NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94
 A ten-track treadmill for running training of dogs.
 Arokoski, J.; Kiviranta, I.; Laakkonen, J.; Tiihonen, A.; Sopanen, E.; Ikonen,
 J.; Nevalainen, T.; Haapanen, K.; Tammi, M.; Helminen, H.J.
 Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1991 Jun.
 Laboratory animal science v. 41 (3): p. 246-250; 1991 Jun.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Dogs; Running; Training of animals; Apparatus
 
 Abstract:  A large treadmill was constructed to allow simultaneous running and
 training of 10 dogs. During a period of 1 year, 10 beagles ran up to 40 km/day
 at a speed of 5.5 to 6.8 km/h and with an uphill inclination of 15 degrees. By
 the end of training, the daily running sessions lasted 7 hours. The design of
 the treadmill and experience of the treadmill training is given. The apparatus
 was reliable and convenient to use.
 
 
 194                                                     NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5
 Training adult male rhesus monkeys to actively cooperate during in-homecage
 venipuncture.
 Reinhardt, V.
 Sussex : The Institute; 1991 Apr.
 Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 42 (1):
 p. 11-17; 1991 Apr.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Macaca mulatta; Blood sampling; Training of animals
 
 Abstract:  A training technique is described for ensuring the active
 cooperation of adult male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) during in-homecage
 venipuncture. Five single-housed and 10 pair-housed males (average age 8
 years) were the subjects of the study. On average, 13 training sessions (range
 2-26) were necessary to get a male to voluntarily present a leg in a specially
 designed opening of the door and to display no resistance during venipuncture.
 Total time spent with a male until he presented a leg ranged from 16 to 74
 minutes, with an average of 40 minutes. Neither the trainer nor the animals
 received any injuries during the training. Once trained, all males cooperated
 during in-homecage venipuncture not only with the trainer but also with the
 attending caretakers. One to two minutes were required to draw a blood sample.
 It was concluded that training adult male rhesus monkeys to actively cooperate
 during in-homecage venipuncture increases the scientific value of research by
 reducing undue distress reactions associated with immobilization. Since the
 animals cooperate rather than resist, in-homecage venipuncture also minimizes
 the risk of injury.
 
 
 195                                                  NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33
 Training by microchip in the animal facility.
 Miller, L.
 New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1992 Feb.
 Lab animal v. 21 (2): p. 37-41; 1992 Feb.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Technicians; Training; Computer techniques
 
 
 196                                       NAL Call. No.: Videocassette no.1315
 Training corral-living rhesus monkeys for fecal and blood sample collection
 Jeff Falkenstein Productions ; M.R. Clarke ... [et al.].
 Clarke, M. R.
 Delta Regional Primate Research Center, Jeff Falkenstein Productions
 Covington, LA : Falkenstein Productions : Delta Regional Primate Research
 Center, 1990; 1990.
 1 videocassette (27 min.) : sd., col. ; 1/2 in. + 1 article reprint (3 p.)..
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Blood; Feces; Rhesus monkey; Animal welfare; Laboratory animals;
 Primates
 
 Abstract:  This videotape shows the acclimation techniques to reduce stress
 for corral-living rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) when collecting fecal and
 blood samples. The monkeys are given food rewards in return for defecation in
 single holding cages. They also are trained to extend their leg through a
 modified sqeeze cage for unanesthetized bleeding from the saphenous vein. Once
 the acclimation is completed, the animals are shown to be relaxed during the
 procedure. One adult female continued to nurse her neonate infant through the
 venipuncture. This behavior modification is intended to reduce stress and
 increase safety for the animals and the technicians. This tape also provides a
 look at the corral facility at the Delta Regional Primate Research Center at
 Tulane University.
 
 
 197                                                     NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5
 Training in laboratory animal medicine and science: the Canadian situation.
 McLaughlin, S.
 Sussex : The Institute; 1990 Dec.
 Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 41 (3):
 p. 181-190; 1990 Dec.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Canada; Technical training; Veterinary education; Technicians;
 Veterinarians; Research workers; Laboratory animals
 
 Abstract:  Education of technicians, investigators and laboratory animal
 veterinarians is a matter of increasing concern in Canada. Three basic
 training models exist for technicians: full-time college programs, in-house
 courses and a cooperative venture involving a community college (St. Lawrence,
 Kingston) and participating laboratory animal facilities coast-to-coast across
 Canada. CALAS/ACTAL maintains a technician registry. Training of investigators
 is all done currently in-house. In some universities, this training is
 mandatory. The CCAC syllabus provides guidelines for such training courses.
 Currently there is not a registry for investigators. There are limited
 opportunities in Canada for postdoctoral training in laboratory animal
 medicine for veterinarians. The situation is under review by CALAM which is
 conducting a needs assessment. Canadian laboratory animal veterinarians
 seeking recognition for specialised training must do so currently by writing
 to the Board examination of the American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine
 (ACLAM).
 
 
 198                                                   NAL Call. No.: aZ5071.N3
 Training materials for animal facility--personnel January 1979 - August 1990.
 Clingerman, K.J.
 Beltsville, Md. : The Library; 1990 Oct.
 Quick bibliography series - U.S. Department of Agriculture, National
 Agricultural Library (U.S.). (91-07): 18 p.; 1990 Oct.  Bibliography.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal husbandry; Farm workers
 
 
 199                                              NAL Call. No.: SF914.A53 1990
 Training of animal care and use personnel: principles and program
 implementation.
 Anderson, L.C.; Brown, M.J.
 Columbia, Md. : American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine, 1990? :.;
 1990.
 Anesthesia and analgesia in laboratory animals : proceedings -- 1990 Forum,
 American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Columbia Inn, Columbia,
 Maryland, May 3-6, 1990. p. 113-115; 1990.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Training; Technicians; Animal husbandry
 
 
 200                                                     NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5
 The training of cynomolgus monkeys and how the human/animal relationship
 improves with environmental and mental enrichment.
 Heath, M.
 Sussex : The Institute; 1989 Apr.
 Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 40 (1):
 p. 11-22. ill; 1989 Apr.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Monkeys; Training (animal); Attachment behavior; Environment;
 Social behavior; Cages
 
 
 201                                              NAL Call. No.: Q320.B56 no.16
 Transgenic animals proceedings of the Symposium on Transgenic Technology in
 Medicine and Agriculture.
 First, Neal L.; Haseltine, Florence
 Center for Population Research (National Institute of Child Health and Human
 Development)
 Symposium on Transgenic Technology in Medicine and Agriculture 198 8 :
 National Institutes of Health.
 Boston : Butterworth-Heinemann, c1991; 1991.
 xxv, 358 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. (Biotechnology ; 16).  Includes bibliographical
 references and index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Transgenic animals; Gene expression; Medicine; Domestic animals
 
 
 202                                                  NAL Call. No.: QP251.A1T5
 Transgenic farm animals--a critical analysis.
 Wall, R.J.; Seidel, G.E. Jr
 Stoneham, Mass. : Butterworth-Heinemann; 1992 Aug.
 Theriogenology v. 38 (2): p. 337-357; 1992 Aug.  Paper presented at the
 research symposium on "Reproduction in Farm Animals: Science, Application and
 Models," August 13, 1992, Ithaca, New York. Includes a list of his
 publications.  Literature review.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Livestock; Transgenics; Genetic engineering; Dna; Species
 differences; Research projects; Mice; Literature reviews
 
 Abstract:  The notion of directly introducing new genes or otherwise
 manipulating the genotype of an animal is conceptually straightforward and
 appealing from the standpoints of both speed and precision with which
 phenotypic changes can be made. Thus, it is little wonder that the imagination
 of many animal scientists has been captivated by the success others have
 achieved in introducing foreign genes into mice. Transgenic mice not only
 exhibit unique phenotypes, but they also pass those traits on to their
 progeny. However, before transgenic farm animals become a common component of
 the livestock industry, a number of formidable obstacles must be overcome. In
 this review we attempt to identify the critical issues that should be
 considered by both those currently working in the field and those scientists
 considering the feasibility of initiating a transgenic livestock project. The
 inefficiency of producing transgenic animals has been well documented. This
 does not constrain investigators using laboratory animal models, but it has a
 major impact of applying transgenic technology to farm animals. The molecular
 mechanisms of transgene integration have not been elucidated, and as a
 consequence it is difficult to design strategies to improve the efficiency of
 the process. In addition to the problems associated with integration of new
 genes, there are inefficiencies associated with collecting and culturing
 fertilized eggs as well as embryo transfer in farm animals. Transgenic farm
 animal studies are major logistical undertakings. Even in the face of these
 practical hindrances, some may be pressured by administrators to embrace this
 new technology. As powerful as the transgenic animal model system is,
 currently there are limits to the kinds of agricultural questions that can be
 addressed. Some uses are so appealing, however, that several commercial
 organizations have explored this technology. Within the next decade or two, it
 is likely that many of the technical hurdles will be overc
 
 
 203                                                  NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L33
 A transitional model for microvascular training: rodent carcasses.
 Cooney, T.E.
 New York, N.Y. : Nature Publishing Company; 1992 Jun.
 Lab animal v. 21 (6): p. 40-41; 1992 Jun.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Rodents; Carcasses; Technical training
 
 
 204                                                     NAL Call. No.: QL55.I5
 Transport-cage training of caged rhesus macaques.
 Reinhardt, V.
 Sussex : The Institute; 1992 Apr.
 Animal technology : journal of the Institute of Animal Technology v. 43 (1):
 p. 57-61; 1992 Apr.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Macaca mulatta; Transport of animals; Training of animals
 
 Abstract:  Caged rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) were trained to voluntarily
 enter a transport cage in an attempt to avoid undue distress reactions
 jeopardizing the validity of research data collected from such subjects. The
 training program required no extra technical equipment such as
 cage-squeeze-backs. Patience, gentleness, firmness and a good understanding of
 the animals were qualities of the animal care personnel ensuring the monkeys'
 willingness to cooperate. Of 341 trained adult rhesus macaques tested in the
 course of a routine weighing procedure, 87.4% (298/341) entered the transport
 cage promptly. Of the animals that were uncooperative, the majority entered
 the transport cage after encouragement (18/43) or after being prodded with a
 stick for no longer than 30 seconds (23/43). Only 2 subjects (0.6% of 341)
 stubbornly refused to leave their home cage and had to be chemically
 immobilized before they could be removed. Neither cage location (165 animals
 in lower-row cages, 176 animals in upper-row cages), sex (237 females, 104
 males) or housing condition (67 single-housed animals, 274 pair-housed
 animals) had a noticeable impact on the animals' cooperativeness during the
 catching procedure. It was concluded that the time investment in the initial
 training quickly paid off in predictably swift catching of caged subjects that
 were not unduly distressed when entering the transport cage.
 
 
 205                                                      NAL Call. No.: A00110
 UC-Davis bends rules on animal surgery.
 Campos, A.
 San Francisco, Calif. : The Chronical Publishing Co; 1991 Jun23.
 San Francisco chronicle. p. B5; 1991 Jun23.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: California; Animal experiments; Animal welfare; Veterinary
 education
 
 
 206                                                NAL Call. No.: SF407.M37B68
 The UFAW handbook on the care and management of cephalopods in the
 laboratory..  Care and management of cephalopods in the laboratory Care &
 managem ent of cephalopods in the laboratory
 Boyle, P. R.
 Universities Federation for Animal Welfare
 Potters Bar, Herts. [England] : Universities Federation for AnimalWelfare,
 c1991; 1991.
 63 p. : ill. ; 25 cm.  Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-58).
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Marine invertebrates as laboratory animals; Cephalopoda
 
 
 207                                                  NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1I43
 UKCCCR guidelines for the welfare of animals in experimental neoplasia.
 Washington, D.C. : Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research
 Council; 1989.
 I.L.A.R. news v. 31 (3): p. 16-21; 1989.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Uk; Laboratory animals; Animal welfare; Neoplasms; Guidelines
 
 
 208                                                   NAL Call. No.: 410.9 P94
 Ultrasound-guided blood sampling of rabbit fetuses.
 Moise, K.J. Jr; Hesketh, D.E.; Belfort, M.M.; Saade, G.; Veyver, I.B. van den;
 Hudson, K.M.; Rodkey, L.S.
 Cordova, Tenn. : American Association for Laboratory Animal Science; 1992 Aug.
 Laboratory animal science v. 42 (4): p. 398-401; 1992 Aug.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Rabbits; Fetus; Blood sampling
 
 Abstract:  A rabbit animal model for hemolytic disease of the newborn has been
 previously described. However, evaluating the effects of this disease was
 limited to histologic and hematologic examinations of liveborn kitlings. To
 assess the feasibility of in utero blood sampling, we performed
 ultrasound-guided cardiac sampling of 50 fetuses in 16 New Zealand White does
 on days 26 and 27 of gestation. The overall rate of successful sampling was
 80%. The procedure-related mortality declined to 35% by the third phase of the
 study. The mean (+/- SD) hematocrit (%) and reticulocyte values ( 100 RBCs) on
 day 26 were 26.3 +/- 3.3 and 35.6 +/- 5.1, respectively; values on day 27 were
 31.3 +/- 4.9 and 27.5 +/- 7.6. The results of this study suggest that
 hematologic data can be obtained from rabbit fetuses in the majority of cases
 with only moderate fetal loss.
 
 
 209                                                  NAL Call. No.: QP251.A1T5
 Ultrasound-guided cannulation of the caudal vena cava in the bovine for
 selective sampling of ovarian effluent.
 Norman, S.T.; Fields, M.J.
 Stoneham, Mass. : Butterworth-Heinemann; 1993 Mar.
 Theriogenology v. 39 (3): p. 691-701; 1993 Mar.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Cows; Ultrasonography; Cannulation; Sampling
 
 Abstract:  The accuracy of real-time, B-mode ultrasonography was assessed in
 the visualization and placement of the cannula tip, cranial to the entrance of
 the ovarian veins as they enter the caudal vena cava of the bovine. A cannula
 containing a wire guide was introduced into the coccygeal vein via a 14-gauge
 needle, and was then directed cranially into the caudal vena cava. Once the
 caudal vena cava was successfully cannulated (7 of 14 cows), ultrasonography
 allowed for the visualization of the cannula in 7 out of 7 cows. The tip of
 the cannnula was successfully placed cranial to the entrance of the ovarian
 effluent into the vena cava in 6 of these 7 animals using ultrasound guidance.
 This was confirmed using progesterone or prostaglandin F2 alpha
 radioimmunoassay (RIA). The primary limitation to this technique was the
 initial catherization of the coccygeal vein which was not achieved in 7 of 14
 cows attempted in this study. Successful cannulation was limited to large
 framed Holstein cows that had at least one calf. Results from this study
 indicate that real-time, B-mode, ultrasonography is an effective tool for the
 visualization and accurate placement of the cannula tip within the caudal vena
 cava. This finding could have implications for research in ovarian hormonal
 physiology in the cyclic, postpartum or anestrous cow.
 
 
 210                                          NAL Call. No.: HV4959.N45U83 1990
 The Use and welfare of experimental animals proceedings of the symposium held
 at the Royal Society of New Zealand, May 1989.
 Royal Society of New Zealand
 Wellington, N.Z. : The Society, c1990; 1990.
 85 p. : 1 ill. ; 30 cm. (Miscellaneous series (Royal Society of New Zealand) ;
 22.).  Includes bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal experimentation; Laboratory animals
 
 
 211                                                   NAL Call. No.: SF406.U84
 The Use of animals at Cornell University a policies and procedures manual.
 Cornell University, Center for Research Animal Resources
 Ithaca, N.Y.? : Cornell University, [1990?]-; 1990-9999.
 1 v. (loose-leaf) : ill. ; 30 cm.  "Center for Research Animal Resources is
 responsible for developing this manual, updating and supplementing it as
 necessary, ... "--P. [5].  Includes bibliographical references and index.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal experimentation; Animal welfare;
 Animal models in research
 
 
 212                                                  NAL Call. No.: 448.9 AM37
 Use of animals in medical education.
 Chicago, Ill. : The Association; 1991 Aug14.
 JAMA : Journal of the American Medical Association v. 266 (6): p. 836-837;
 1991 Aug14.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal experiments; Medical education; Animal models; Animal
 testing alternatives; Policy; Ethics
 
 
 213                                                   NAL Call. No.: QL55.A1L3
 Use of cage space by guineapigs.
 White, W.J.; Balk, M.W.; Lang, C.M.
 London : Royal Society of Medicine Services; 1989 Jul.
 Laboratory animals v. 23 (3): p. 208-214; 1989 Jul.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Guinea pigs; Cage size; Group size; Clustering; Animal welfare;
 Space requirements; Spatial distribution; Diurnal activity; Nocturnal activity
 
 Abstract:  Cage space requirements for laboratory animals have been
 established by Government Regulation and Recommendations. In order to test the
 adequacy of these space allocations, the use of cage floor area by breeding
 groups of guineapigs was studied. A computer-coupled video tracking system
 capable of imaging in low light intensity as well as total darkness was used
 to determine the average per cent occupancy by guineapigs in all portions of a
 cage over 12-h light and dark cycles. Simultaneous time synchronized slow
 motion video recordings permitted an analysis of activity to be coordinated
 with cage use data. Results of the study revealed that breeding groups of
 guineapigs utilize the periphery of the cage almost to the total exclusion of
 the centre of the cage. Approximately 75-85% of an occupancy in both the day
 and evening hours occurred in 47% of the cage floor area located along the
 periphery. Analysis of video recordings revealed that the animals remained
 active throughout the day and night with no prolonged period of quiescence
 that could be associated with sleep. Results of this study suggest that while
 guidelines for housing guineapigs based on area allocation per animal can be
 formulated and are easy to administer, they cannot be supported by the
 behavioural characteristics of these animals or careful quantitation of their
 pattern of cage space utilization.
 
 
 214                                                   NAL Call. No.: SF601.J62
 Use of the laboratory rabbit in the small animal student surgery laboratory.
 Boothe, H.W.; Hartsfield, S.M.
 Blacksburg, Va. : The Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges;
 1990.
 Journal of veterinary medical education v. 17 (1): p. 16-18; 1990.  Includes
 references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Veterinary education; Surgery; Rabbits; Anesthesia; Surgical
 operations; Learning experiences; Animal anatomy; Animal testing alternatives
 
 
 215                                                  NAL Call. No.: SF601.V523
 A user's guide to veterinary surgical pathology laboratories or, why do I
 still get a diagosis of chronic dermatitis even when I take a perfect biopsy?.
 Dunstan, R.W.
 Philadelphia, Pa. : W.B. Saunders Company; 1990 Nov.
 The Veterinary clinics of North America : Small animal practice v. 20 (6): p.
 1397-1417; 1990 Nov.  In the series analytic: Advances in Clinical dematology
 / edited by D.J. DeBoer.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Small animal practice; Dogs; Dermatology; Pathology; Skin;
 Biopsy; Laboratory methods; Skin diseases; Diagnosis; Tissues; Animal tissues;
 Histopathology; Fixation; History
 
 
 216                                             NAL Call. No.: HV4928.U84 1992
 Using animals in intramural research guidelines for investigators.
 NIH Animal Care and Use Committee, NIH Training Center (U.S.)
 Bethesda, Md.? : NIH Animal Care and Use Committee : NIH Training Center,
 [1992]; 1992; HE 20.3008:AN 5/3/992.
 1 v. (various pagings) : ill. ; 28 cm.  Cover title.  Shipping list no.:
 92-0682-P.  Includes bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English; English
 
 Descriptors: Laboratory animals; Animal experimentation; Animal welfare
 
 
 217                                                NAL Call. No.: aHV4701.A952
 Using training to enhance animal care and welfare.
 Laule, G.
 Beltsville, Md. : National Agricultural Library, AWIC; 1993 Jan.
 Animal Welfare Information Center newsletter v. 4 (1): p. 2, 8-9; 1993 Jan.
 Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Animal welfare; Training of animals; Animal behavior
 
 
 218                                               NAL Call. No.: SF1.F64 no.81
 Veterinary diagnostic bacteriology a manual of laboratory procedures for
 selected diseases of livestock.
 Alton, G. G.
 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
 Rome : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1990; 1990.
 ix, 200 p. ; 21 cm. (FAO animal production and health paper ; 81).  Includes
 bibliographical references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Veterinary medicine; Veterinary clinical pathology; Livestock
 
 
 219                                                    NAL Call. No.: 41.8 AM3
 The welfare of excess animals: status and needs.
 Thornton, G.W.
 Schaumburg, Ill. : The Association; 1992 Mar01.
 Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association v. 200 (5): p. 660-662;
 1992 Mar01.  Paper presented at the symposium "Animal welfare and alternatives
 to animals--current knowledge and research needs", July 31, 1991, Seattle,
 Washington.  Includes references.
 
 Language:  English
 
 Descriptors: Stray animals; Animal welfare; Pets; Overpopulation
```

****Author Index****
- Abramson, Charles I. 104 
- Adams, M. 76 
- Adsit, K.I. 14, 71 
- Agricultural Training Board 89 
- Air Chief Marshal the Lord Dowding Fund for Humane Research 64 
- Alton, G. G. 218 
- American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums 33 
- American College of Toxicology, Meeting 1990 : Orlando, Fla.), Production  Plus, Inc. 8, 24, 40, 113, 133, 154, 165, 171, 177 
- Anderson, Dale L. 88 
- Anderson, G.B. 125 
- Anderson, L.C. 199 
- Animal Welfare Foundation of Canada 32 
- Arends, M.W. 59 
- Arokoski, J. 193 
- Asa, Cheryl S. 33 
- Ascher, M.S. 134 
- Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour, Animal Behavior Society 70 
- Association of Veterinary Teachers and Research Workers 83 
- Bacon, W.L. 65 
- Bailey, J.S. 51 
- Bakst, M.R. 126 
- Balk, M.W. 213 
- Ball, P.J.H. 157 
- Barlow, R.M. 135 
- Barnes, Charles D., 61 
- Bateson, P. 29 
- Bauer, M.S. 184 
- Beary, B. 94 
- Beck, A.M. 25 
- Beckett, S.D. 48 
- Behringer, Marjorie P., 192 
- Bekoff, M. 175 
- Belfort, M.M. 208 
- Bellows, R.A. 121 
- Bennett, B. T. 69 
- Bernetta Communications, Livestock Conservation Institute 186 
- Biery, D.N. 162 
- Bloomsmith, M.A. 81 
- Boothe, H.W. 214 
- Borchard, Ronald E. 61 
- Boyle, P. R. 206 
- Branch, C.E. 48 
- Brent, L.Y. 81 
- Brouwer, G. 116 
- Brown, Guy 130 
- Brown, K.F.D. 67 
- Brown, M. J. 69 
- Brown, M.J. 199 
- Bruner, L.H. 6 
- Buckwell, A.C. 116 
- Bunyan, J. 86, 116 
- Burt, Sandi, 120 
- Campos, A. 205 
- Carney, E.W. 166 
- Carter, G. R. 124 
- Center for Population Research (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development) 201 
- Center for Veterinary Medicine (U.S.). Office of New Animal Drug Evaluation 188 
- Chengappa, M. M. 124 
- Chiasson, Robert B. 107 
- Chicago Zoological Society, Brookfield Zoo (Ill.) 35 
- Chu, F.S. 151 
- Cirelli, A. Jr 93 
- Cisar, C.F. 57 
- Clarke, M. R. 196 
- Clarke, M.R. 144 
- Cleveland, Arthur G. 11 
- Clingerman, K.J. 198 
- Close, B.S. 191 
- Commission of the European Communities, Coordination of Agricultural Research 176 
- Cooney, T.E. 203 
- Corah, L.R. 121 
- Cornelius, C.E. 162 
- Cornell University, Center for Research Animal Resources 211 
- Coulter, G.H. 34 
- Curtis, John L. 41, 42 
- Curtis, Stanley 72, 73 
- Dantzer, Robert 176 
- Darby, T.E. 22 
- Dawkins, Marian Stamp 70 
- Dehority, Burk A. 114 
- Delta Regional Primate Research Center 196 
- Demarest, J. 96 
- Dewhurst, David 64, 132 
- Dickerson, G.E. 168 
- DiGiacomo, R. F. 148 
- Dresser, R. 179 
- Duncan, I.J.H. 122 
- Dunstan, R.W. 215 
- Easterday, B.C. 162 
- Ellington, J.E. 166 
- Eltherington, L. G. 61 
- Engler, Kevin 27 
- Ernst, D. 90 
- Ernst, K. 90 
- Eveleigh, J.R. 129 
- Ewald, Bruce H. 24 
- Faulkner, D.R. 56 
- Fawver, A.L. 48 
- Fernando, R.L. 101 
- Festing, M. 139 
- Festing, M.F.W. 170 
- Fields, M.J. 209 
- First, Neal L. 201 
- Fitzgerald, A.L. 60 
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 218 
- Fraser, Laura 21 
- Frye, Fredric L. 37 
- Gad, Shayne C. 113 
- Ginther, O.J. 161 
- Glickman, L.T. 25 
- Glickman, N. 184 
- Glickman, N.W. 25 
- Gonzalez, Carlos 84 
- Goodfellow, K.G. 39 
- Gosling, Morris 70 
- Grandin, T. 90, 190 
- Grandin, Temple 155, 186 
- Gray, K.N. 14, 71 
- Greene, S.A. 54 
- Greenfield, C.L. 59 
- Gregory, J.A. 116 
- Gregory, K.E. 168 
- Griffin, P.G. 161 
- Griffiths, P.H.M. 116 
- Grunberg, N.E. 57 
- Guaitani, A. 109 
- Guttman, Helene N. 85 
- Guy, Robin C. 177 
- Haapanen, K. 193 
- Hamm, Thomas E. 165 
- Hammond, K. 119 
- Hand, Suzanne 38 
- Harkness, John E. 150 
- Harrison, R.J. 134 
- Hartmann, E.P. 183 
- Hartsfield, S.M. 214 
- Harwell, James F. 147 
- Haseltine, Florence 201 
- Havenstein, G.B. 65 
- Heath, M. 200 
- Hedrich, Hans J. 76 
- Heidbrink, G.A. 23 
- Helminen, H.J. 193 
- Herdt, T.H. 45 
- Hesketh, D.E. 208 
- Howard, B.R. 116 
- Hudson, K.M. 208 
- Humane Education Foundation 180 
- Humane Slaughter Association 89 
- Ikonen, J. 193 
- Imbert, C. 50 
- Institute of Biology 86 
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (U.S.), Committee on Care and Use of Laboratory Animals 78 
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (U.S.), Committee on Educational Programs in Laboratory Animal Science 62 
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (U.S.), Committee on Immunologically Compromised Rodents 95 
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (U.S.), Committee on Infectious Diseases of Mice and Rats 47, 99 
- International Council for Laboratory Animal Science 76 
- Jackson, C. 12 
- Johnson, A.L. 59 
- Johnson, L.A. 52 
- Johnstone, Sally 132 
- Jones, H. 116 
- Jones, R.B. 127 
- Kane, M.T. 166 
- Kastello, Michael D. 154 
- Katz, L.S. 172 
- Kent, George C. 11 
- Kiley-Worthington, M. 30 
- Kimberlin, R.H. 4, 164 
- King, F.A. 20 
- Kinzie, M.B. 92 
- Kiracofe, G.H. 121 
- Kiviranta, I. 193 
- Kosanke, S.D. 49 
- Laakkonen, J. 193 
- Laboratory Animal Training Association 28, 53 
- Ladiges, W.C. 7 
- Lang, C.M. 213 
- Lanyon, L.E. 97 
- Large, Amanda 17 
- Larson, L.L. 157 
- Laule, G. 217 
- Leavitt, E.S. 94 
- Lehner, P.N. 169 
- Leopold, R.A. 103 
- Lewin, H.A. 101 
- Lieberman, R.P. 44 
- Lindemann, M.D. 181 
- Linn, Jeffrey M. 146 
- Loew, F.M. 156 
- MacKenzie, D. 115 
- Maikel, R.P. 60 
- Maltby, C.J. 137 
- Martel, Rosalind 173 
- Martin, Donn D. 11 
- Mason, W.A. 66 
- Massey University, New Zealand Veterinary Association, State Veterinarians Branch, Foundation for Continuing Education  26 
- Mastromarino, A.J. 14, 71 
- McConnell, P.B. 2, 117 
- McDonald, C.A. 119 
- McDonald, T.J. 172 
- McGill, I.S. 153 
- McGlone, J. 90 
- McGuire, T.C. Jr 162 
- McLaren, D.G. 101 
- McLaughlin, Charles Albert, 107 
- McLaughlin, S. 197 
- McPherson, Charles W. 145, 149 
- Meehan, Anthony 64, 132 
- Michener, G.R. 182 
- Middleton, D.J. 135 
- Milburn, C. 102 
- Miller, L. 195 
- Miller, Megg 140 
- Millican, K.G. 116 
- Minnaar, Maria 68 
- Minnaar, Phillip 68 
- Moise, K.J. Jr 208 
- Molyneux, R.J. 138 
- Monty, D.E. Jr 152 
- Moody, Donald C. 185 
- Moore, James N. 31, 74 
- Morgan, Ronald L. 40 
- Morris, Debra Deem 31, 74 
- National Agricultural Library (U.S.), Animal Welfare Information Center 27 
- National Agricultural Library (U.S.), University of Illinois at Chicago 69 
- National Association for Humane and Environmental Education (U.S.) 5 
- National Institutes of Health (U.S.) 100 
- National Pest Control Association 46 
- Nestor, K.E. 65 
- Nevalainen, T. 193 
- Niekraz, M.A. 49 
- NIH Animal Care and Use Committee, NIH Training Center (U.S.) 216 
- Norman, H.D. 18 
- Norman, S.T. 209 
- North America Livestock, Inc. 31, 74 
- O'Donoghue, P.N. 116 
- Orlans, F.B. 91 
- Palmer, Mary 180 
- Paterson, David 180 
- Patterson, D.J. 121 
- Pedersen, N.C. 162 
- Perry, M.A. 49 
- Perry, R.C. 121 
- Peters, A. 139 
- Petersen, Gunner V. 26 
- Peterson, N.S. 63 
- Phemister, R.D. 162 
- Phillippi-Falkenstein, K. 144 
- Phillips, Lucy D. 185 
- PMI Feeds, Inc 15, 16 
- Porter, R.I. 55 
- Powell, Douglas A. 84 
- Powell, R.L. 18 
- Pritchard, W.R. 162 
- Prostredny, J.M. 184 
- Prusiner, S.B. 128 
- Public Responsibility in Medicine and Research (Association), Tufts University, School of Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine 3, 13 
- Pucak, George 147 
- Pursel, V.G. 52 
- Ralphs, M.H. 138 
- Randolph, M.M. 49 
- Regnier, J.F. 50 
- Reinhardt, V. 194, 204 
- Renner, P.A. 65 
- Robb, J.W. 123 
- Robertson, B.T. 48 
- Robinson, D.L. 119 
- Rockefeller University. Laboratory Animal Research Center 178 
- Rodkey, L.S. 208 
- Roff, Judith 171 
- Rojas, R.R. 103 
- Rose, Margaret 17 
- Rosenzweig, Lionel J. 10 
- Rowsell, H.C. 36, 75, 187 
- Royal Society of New Zealand 210 
- Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales 38 
- Ruys, Theodorus, 87 
- Saade, G. 208 
- Salisbury, S.K. 184 
- Schachter, J. 43 
- Schapiro, S.J. 81 
- Scharmann, W. 98 
- Schiere, J.B. 160 
- Schofield, J. C. 69 
- Schook, L.B. 101 
- Scientists Center for Animal Welfare (Washington, D.C.) 85 
- Seidel, G.E. Jr 202 
- Selcer, Elizabeth Shull 174 
- Sharp, J.G. 44 
- Shell, Linda 174 
- Silesia Companies, Inc 88 
- Smallwood, James E. 80 
- Smith, D.M. 44 
- Smith, M.W. 108 
- Snetsinger, D.C. 141 
- Sopanen, E. 193 
- Southers, Jan 133 
- Staigmiller, R.B. 121 
- Stark, D.M. 9 
- Stephens, M.L. 136 
- Stewart, M.F. 189 
- Stowe, H.D. 45 
- Strauss, R.T. 92 
- Stribley, J.A. 44 
- Stricklin, W.R. 58 
- Swindle, M. Michael 185 
- Talmadge, S.A. 57 
- Tammi, M. 193 
- Thornton, G.W. 219 
- Thorsen, Peter 163 
- Tiihonen, A. 193 
- Tomasovic, S. P. 14 
- Tomasovic, S.P. 71 
- Toombs, J.P. 184 
- Torrence, M.E. 25 
- Trentham, L. 48 
- Turner, J.W. 119 
- United States, Agricultural Research Service, National Program Staff  72, 73 
- United States, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Regulatory Enforcement and Animal Care 158 
- Universities Federation for Animal Welfare 110, 111, 206 
- University of California, Davis, Visual Media, Office of Pesticide  Information and Coordination 167 
- University of Tennessee, Memphis, Dept. of Comparative Medicine 106 
- University of Washington, Health Sciences Center for Educational Resources 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150 
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Research Animal Resources Center 163 
- Van Hoosier, G. L. 148 
- Veyver, I.B. van den 208 
- Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine 174 
- Vugia, D.J. 134 
- Waddington, D. 127 
- Wagner, W.C. 19 
- Wall, R.J. 202 
- Weir, Amy 31, 74 
- Wells, G.A.H. 153 
- Wheaton, L.G. 54 
- White, G.L. 49 
- White, K.K. 54 
- White, N. A. 31, 74 
- White, W.J. 213 
- Whitney, R.A. 159 
- Wilson, M.S. 116 
- Wrathall, A.E. 67 
- Wroblewski, A.J. 59 
- Yang, X.Z. 125 
- Zayan, Rene 176 

****Subject Index****
- Academic achievement 184 
- Accuracy 45, 119 
- Acoustic properties 2 
- Acoustics 117 
- Activity sampling 169 
- Aflatoxins 151 
- Age 121 
- Agribusiness 141 
- Agricultural education 141 
- Agricultural research 141 
- Ai bulls 34 
- Alleles 164 
- Analgesics 154 
- Analytical methods 151 
- Anatomy 10, 11, 107, 107 
- Anatomy, Comparative 11 
- Anesthesia 214 
- Animal anatomy 214 
- Animal behavior 2, 30, 117, 122, 136, 169, 174, 190, 217 
- Animal experimentation 3, 13, 69, 70, 83, 100, 178, 188, 210, 211, 216 
- Animal experiments 14, 19, 20, 22, 36, 60, 75, 77, 94,109, 115, 131, 162,  170, 179, 184, 187, 205, 212 
- Animal housing 190 
- Animal husbandry 9, 49, 58, 136, 160, 182, 198, 199 
- Animal immobilization 163 
- Animal models 7, 36, 59, 95, 188, 212 
- Animal models in research 27, 84, 113, 171, 211 
- Animal physiology 48 
- Animal research 43, 58, 96, 136, 137 
- Animal rights 21, 21 
- Animal testing alternatives 6, 7, 50, 54, 63, 92, 115, 130, 132, 156, 179,  183, 212, 214 
- Animal tissues 215 
- Animal welfare 3, 5, 8, 12, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 31, 32, 36, 39, 40, 53, 54, 58, 62, 63, 64, 66, 69, 72, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, 83, 84, 85, 88, 89, 94, 96, 98, 100, 102, 111, 115, 116, 118, 122, 127, 133, 136, 142, 143, 147, 148, 154, 155, 158, 159, 163, 165, 171, 177, 179, 182, 183, 184, 187, 189, 191, 196, 205, 207, 211, 213, 216, 217, 219 
- Animals 88, 89, 128, 191 
- Animals, laboratory 13, 17 
- Animals, Treatment of 180 
- Apparatus 193 
- Applied research 160 
- Artificial insemination 157 
- Assessment 29 
- Astragalus 138 
- Attachment behavior 200 
- Attitudes 102, 184 
- Australia 173, 173, 173, 173 
- Beef cattle 119 
- Beef cows 121 
- Behavior modification 127 
- Beliefs 184 
- Bioethics 32, 123 
- BioetP 31 
- Biological competition 51 
- Biology 192, 192 
- Biopsy 215 
- Biotelemetry 33 
- Blood 196 
- Blood analysis 45 
- Blood sampling 194, 208 
- Blood serum 45 
- Blood specimen collection 144 
- Body fat 119 
- Bovine spongiform encephalopathy 67, 135, 153, 164 
- Breeders' associations 108 
- Breeds 18 
- Broilers 51 
- Buyers' guides 1, 105, 112 
- Cadavers 184 
- Cage density 129, 139 
- Cage size 213 
- Cages 98, 200 
- California 134, 205 
- Campylobacterjejuni 51 
- Canada 182, 187, 197 
- Cannulation 209 
- Captive wild animals 37, 38 
- Carcass composition 119 
- Carcasses 203 
- Careers 57 
- Catheterization 44 
- Cats 10, 184 
- Cats as laboratory animals 40 
- Cattle 34, 41, 42, 101, 153, 172 
- Cephalopoda 206 
- Certification 23 
- Chickens 126 
- Chicks 51, 127 
- Chlamydia 43 
- Ciliata 114 
- Cloning 125 
- Clustering 213 
- Cold shock 103 
- Cold storage 103 
- Cold tolerance 103 
- Colic 31, 74 
- College curriculum 25, 54, 141, 183 
- College students 184 
- Colleges 96 
- Commensals 51 
- Commercial products 113 
- Committees 9 
- Communicable diseases in animals 124 
- Computer assisted instruction 48 
- Computer simulation 64, 130, 132, 132 
- Computer software 63 
- Computer techniques 195 
- Conception rate 152 
- Conceptus 161 
- Congresses 85, 85, 174, 174, 176, 176, 176 
- Corpus luteum 157, 161 
- Cosmetics 6 
- Costs 65, 81 
- Cows 161, 209 
- Coxiella burnetii 134 
- Crossbreds 121 
- Crowding stress in animals 176 
- Cryoprotectants 52, 103 
- Culture media 166 
- Curriculum 56 
- Dairy cows 45, 97, 152, 157 
- Dairy farms 97 
- Data analysis 169 
- Dermatology 215 
- Design 190 
- Diagnosis 153, 215 
- Diffusion of information 160 
- Disease models 7 
- Disease transmission 4, 128, 135, 164 
- Disease vectors 134 
- Disinfection 167 
- Disinfection and disinfectants 167 
- Dissection 5, 10, 107 
- Diurnal activity 213 
- Dna 202 
- Dogs 2, 184, 193, 215 
- Dogs as laboratory animals 40, 163 
- Domestic animals 43, 52, 153, 164, 168, 176, 201 
- Draft animals 30 
- Drugs 61 
- Duration 122 
- Education 20, 55, 56, 57, 75, 94, 102, 191 
- Educational objectives 54 
- Educational programs 23, 49, 109, 137 
- Educational reform 54 
- Educational technology 63 
- Eggs 51 
- Elisa 151 
- Embryo culture 125, 166 
- Embryo mortality 161 
- Embryo transfer 67 
- Embryonic development 125 
- Embryos 125 
- Embryos (animal) 52 
- Emu farming 68 
- Energy consumption 65 
- Enrichment 81, 127 
- Environment 81, 127, 200 
- Errors 45, 119 
- Estrus 157, 172 
- Ethics 25, 212 
- Europe 115 
- European communities 115, 191 
- Euthanasia 154, 184 
- Experimental design 170 
- Extension 160 
- Farm management 97 
- Farm workers 198 
- Fat thickness 119 
- Fearfulness 127 
- Feces 196 
- Feces collection 144 
- Feed additives 181 
- Feed mixing 45 
- Feed supplements 45 
- Feeds 151 
- Ferrets as laboratory animals 40,84 
- Fertilization 125 
- Fertilizers 97 
- Fetus 208 
- Fixation 215 
- Fluorescent dyes 126 
- Foals 93 
- Folic acid 181 
- Food safety 51 
- Foodborne diseases 153 
- Freezing 52 
- Frogs as laboratory animals 130, 132 
- Gene banks 18 
- Gene expression 201 
- Gene mapping 101 
- Genes 128 
- Genetic engineering 202 
- Genetic improvement 101 
- Genetic markers 101 
- Genetic resistance 135 
- Genetic resources 18, 52, 103, 168 
- Genetic variation 168 
- Germplasm 18, 52, 103, 168 
- Goats 172 
- Graafian follicles 161 
- Graduate study 141, 162 
- Great Britain 55 
- Group size 213 
- Growth rate 139 
- Growth factors 166 
- Guidelines 58, 77, 81, 116, 136, 142, 143, 182, 207 
- Guides 58 
- Guinea pigs 213 
- Guinea pigs as laboratory animals 64 
- Handbooks, manuals, etc 178 
- Handling 90, 127, 173, 190 
- Hatcheries 51 
- Hay 45 
- Health protection 134 
- Heat stress 152 
- Heifers 121, 157 
- Histochemistry 126 
- Histopathology 153, 215 
- History 43, 215 
- Horses 31, 74 
- Housing 167 
- Hplc 151 
- Humane education 5, 27 
- Ileum 64 
- Imagery 161 
- Immunochemistry 151 
- Immunological deficiency syndromes 95 
- Immunology 95 
- Imprinting 93 
- In tubation 84 
- In vitro 34, 166 
- In vivo 188 
- Inbreeding 76 
- Indiana 60 
- Information centers 79 
- Information systems 18 
- Insects 103 
- Interference 126 
- Invertebrates 103, 104 
- Invertebrates as laboratory animals 37 
- Invertebrates as pets 37 
- Italy 109 
- Laboratory animal technicians 53 
- Laboratory animals 1, 3, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 22, 23, 31, 32, 36, 40, 47, 48, 49, 53, 54, 56, 57, 60, 61, 62, 69, 70, 71, 75, 78, 80, 82, 86, 87, 91, 96, 98, 99, 100, 105, 106, 108, 110, 112, 113, 116, 118, 133, 136, 137, 142, 143, 147, 149, 159, 163, 170, 179, 182, 183, 187, 192, 196, 197, 207, 210, 211, 216 
- Laboratory equipment 112 
- Laboratory mammals 4 
- Laboratory manuals 10, 10, 11, 11, 107, 107, 192 
- Laboratory methods 45, 151, 215 
- Laboratory rearing 39, 56 
- Lactating females 152 
- Law 94, 118, 136 
- Law and legislation 188 
- Laying performance 65 
- Learning experiences 184, 214 
- Learning in animals 104 
- Legislation 75, 94, 109, 187 
- Licenses 118 
- Light regime 65 
- Lighting 65 
- Lipopolysaccharides 51 
- Literature reviews 34, 97, 121, 122, 125, 128, 151, 153, 157, 161, 166, 172, 202 
- Litter size 181 
- Livestock 18, 58, 72, 73, 138, 155, 190, 202, 218 
- Livestock numbers 97 
- Llamas as pets 120 
- Longissimus dorsi 119 
- Luteolysis 157 
- Macaca mulatta 144, 194, 204 
- Major genes 101 
- Male fertility 34 
- Mammals 107, 125, 166 
- Man 128 
- Mares 161 
- Marine invertebrates as laboratory animals 206 
- Measurement 169 
- Meat and bone meal 164 
- Medical 111 
- Medical education 212 
- Medical research 7, 14, 159 
- Medicine 201 
- Mice 46, 47, 99, 129, 135, 139, 202 
- Mice as laboratory animals 47, 99 
- Microbial contamination 51 
- Microscopy 126 
- Miniature pigs 44 
- Minks as laboratory animals 40 
- Missouri 137 
- Molecular genetics 101 
- Monkeys 200 
- Muscles 130 
- Musculoskeletal system 130 
- Mycotoxins 151 
- Neoplasms 7, 207 
- Nerves 132 
- Neuropharmacology 64 
- Nocturnal activity 213 
- Non-food products 6 
- Normal values 45 
- Nutrients 166 
- Nutritional state 121 
- Organization of research 101 
- Organizations 22 
- Ova 126 
- Ovaries 161 
- Overpopulation 219 
- Oviducts 126 
- Ovulation 157 
- Oxytropis 138 
- Pain 29, 36, 75 
- Pathology 215 
- Pediatrics 84 
- Personnel 14, 56 
- Pesticides 167 
- Pet medicine 174 
- Pets 219 
- Ph 50 
- Pharmacology, Experimental 61 
- Physical activity 2 
- Physical laboratories 87 
- Physiological aspects 130, 132 
- Phytotoxins 138 
- Pigs 45, 90, 101, 181 
- Plan implementation and evaluation 81 
- Plant composition 138 
- Play 175 
- Poisoning 138 
- Poisonous weeds 138 
- Policy 131, 212 
- Poultry 43, 58, 122, 140, 167 
- Poultry farming 141 
- Pregnancy 181 
- Preservation 18 
- Primary education 142, 143 
- Primates 66, 81, 133, 196 
- Primates as laboratory animals 111, 133 
- Prions 128 
- Private organizations 182 
- Problem solving 141 
- Professional associations 131 
- Progesterone 157 
- Progestogens 121 
- Program evaluation 71 
- Prostaglandins 157 
- Psychology 176 
- Puberty 121 
- Public opinion 20 
- Public relations 22 
- Public schools 94 
- Puppies 39 
- Pyrrolizidine alkaloids 138 
- Q fever 134 
- Quality controls 151 
- Quantitative genetics 101 
- Quantitative traits 101 
- Questionnaires 57 
- Rabbits 107, 145, 146, 150, 208, 214 
- Rabbits as laboratory animals 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150 
- Racehorses 45 
- Rats 47, 76, 99, 175 
- Rats as laboratory animals 76 
- Rats aslaboratory animals 47, 99 
- Rattus norvegicus 46 
- Record keeping 81 
- Regulation 118 
- Regulations 96, 115, 187 
- Representative sampling 169 
- Reproductive performance 121 
- Research 56, 75, 161 
- Research institutes 137 
- Research projects 202 
- Research support 19, 101 
- Research workers 134, 197 
- Resource management 168 
- Resource utilization 168 
- Rhesus monkey 196 
- Ribs 119 
- Rodents 95, 175, 203 
- Rodents as laboratory animals 28, 85, 95, 165 
- Rumen 114 
- Ruminants 4 
- Rump 119 
- Running 193 
- Runoff water 97 
- Safety measures 167, 167, 167, 167 
- Salmonella 51 
- Sampling 209 
- Sciatic nerve 132 
- Science education 77, 91, 92, 96, 131, 156 
- Scrapie 67, 164 
- Screening 151 
- Secondary education 77 
- Selenium 45 
- Selenosis 45 
- Semen 126 
- Semen characters 34 
- Semen preservation 34, 52 
- Senecio 138 
- Senses 190 
- Sex differentiation 172 
- Sex hormones 172 
- Sexual behavior 172 
- Shearing sheds 173 
- Sheep 67, 101, 134, 172 
- Sheep shearers (Persons) 173 
- Sheep-shearing 173 
- Skin 215 
- Skin diseases 215 
- Slaughter 190 
- Slaughtering and slaughter-houses 155 
- Small animal practice 215 
- Social behavior 175, 200 
- Social behavior in animals 176 
- Social development 66 
- Social interaction 66 
- Soil analysis 97 
- Sounds 2 
- Sow reproduction 181 
- Space requirements 213 
- Spatial distribution 213 
- Species differences 45, 164, 202 
- Spermatozoa 34, 52, 126 
- Spongiform encephalopathy 4 
- Standards 179 
- Strain differences 65 
- Stray animals 219 
- Stress factors 190 
- Study and teaching 84, 173, 173 
- Surgery 54, 59, 125, 183, 184, 214 
- Surgery, Aseptic and antiseptic 28 
- Surgical operations 214 
- Surveys 96, 183 
- Survival 184 
- Swine 186 
- Swine as laboratory animals 185 
- Synchronization 157 
- Teaching 58, 75, 187 
- Teaching materials 92, 142, 143 
- Teaching methods 48, 54, 183, 184 
- Teasing 172 
- Technical training 23, 197, 203 
- Technicians 23, 55, 57, 60, 191, 195, 197, 199 
- Technique 192 
- Testing 6, 122, 187 
- Tissues 215 
- Toxicity 138 
- Toxicity testing 188 
- Toxicology 188 
- Trachea 84 
- Training 9, 14, 55, 56, 57, 71, 137, 187, 195, 199 
- Training (animal) 175, 200 
- Training courses 60, 119 
- Training of animals 30, 93, 117, 122, 144, 193, 194, 204, 217 
- Transgenic animals 201 
- Transgenics 101, 202 
- Transport of animals 82, 204 
- Turkeys 65 
- U.S.A. 12, 22, 23, 25, 94, 96, 118, 136, 162, 168, 183 
- Uk 108, 116, 207 
- Ultrasonic fat meters 119 
- Ultrasonography 119, 161, 209 
- United States 188, 188, 188 
- Universities 60 
- University research 101 
- Usda 118 
- Uterus 161 
- Vertebrates 11, 38 
- Vertical transmission 67 
- Veterinarians 9, 17, 162, 197 
- Veterinary anatomy 80 
- Veterinary clinical pathology 124, 218 
- Veterinary disinfection 167 
- Veterinary dissection 80 
- Veterinary drugs 188 
- Veterinary education 25, 54, 59, 152, 162, 183, 184, 189, 197, 205, 214 
- Veterinary medicine 17, 19, 218 
- Veterinary profession 36 
- Veterinary schools 19, 162 
- Veterinary science 156 
- Veterinary surgery 28 
- Videodiscs 48, 92 
- Washington 54 
- Water quality 97 
- Weaning weight 121 
- Weed palatability 138 
- Wildlife management 38 
- Wildlife rescue 38 
- Wool 173 
- Wool baling 173 
- Zoo animals 33, 35, 118 
- Zoo keepers 35 
- Zoology 9 
- Zoonoses 43, 134