TECHNICAL REPORT STANDARD TITLE PAGE 

1. Report No. 'l. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. 

FAA-AM-72-13 

4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date 

ATTRITION FROM ACTIVE AIRMAN STATUS DURING 1970 March 1972 6. Performing Organization Code 

7. Author( s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. 

Charles F. Booze, Jr. , M. A. 

9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. 

FAA, Civil Aeromedical Institute 

P. o. Box 25082 11. Contract or Grant Nq. 

Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73125 

13. Type of Report and Period Covered 

12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Addres• OAM Report 

Office of Aviation Medicine 

Federal Aviation Administration 

800 Independence Avenue, s. w. 14. Sponsoring Agency Code 

Washington D c 20591 

15. Supplementary Notes 

16. Abstract 

Attrition from an active airman status amounts to approximately 17% annually. 

Sununary data presented have served to quantify, to some extent, the characteristics 

of airmen medically certified during 1968 subsequently becoming attrition during 

1970. The contribution of medical factors to attrition has been considered as 

well as experience, occupation, usage, and geographic characteristics. Population 

comparisons and prevalence rates are a1so presented for the various medical 

factors considered. Disenchantment and/or economic considerations appear to 

be the most important factors associated with attrition. Medical factors do not 

contribute substantially to attrition. 

17. Key Words 18, Distribution Statement 

Airman Certification (Attrition) Availability is unlimited. Doctm1ent may 

Pilots, Active and Attrition be released to the National Technical 

Statistical Analysis Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 

22151, for sale to the public. 

19. Security Classif. (of this report) 20. Security Classif. (of this page) 21· No. of Pages 22. Price 

Unclassified Unclassified 23 $3.00 

Form DOT F 1100;7 IB·69l 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 

The author wishes to express appreciation to Richard H. Rice of the 

Medical Statistical Section, Civil Aeromedical Institute; Drs. Paul S. Anderson and N abith R. Assai of the 0. U. Medical School, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology; and Dr. Earl Folk of the Biostatistical Staff, 

Civil Aeromedical Institute for their comments and suggestions. Appreciation is also extended to Shirley Dark and Judy Toberman for their assistance 

in data accumulation and preparation of this study. 
ATTRITION FROM ACTIVE AIRMAN STATUS DURING 1970 

I. Introduction 

Attrition from an active airman status amounts 

to approximately 17% annually. :1\fany theories 

have been advanced concerning possible reasons 

for attrition, most of which seem empirically 

3ound, i.e., economic influences, disenchantment, 

geographically associated weather and congestion 

~onditions, occupational mobility, medical fac-

;ors and, of course, death to name a few. 

With a potential for airman population turnlver about one out of six annually, it appears 

mportant that the aviation community know as 

nuch as possible concerning characteristics of 

he attrition group. The impact of a trend in 

\ither direction could have rather profound im-

>lications with respect to future planning. 

At present, the FAA has no follow-up on the 

najority of individuals falling into the attrition 

;roup. Failure to renew medical certification 

equired to exercise flying privileges serves as 

he only indicator of inactivity and reasons are 

.ot apparent unless death occurred as a result 

f aircraft accident or FAA medical certification 

ras denied. The extent to which most of the 

hove-mentioned factors contribute to attrition 

1n only be surmised. One might rank these 

actors and receive general agreement; however, 

ery little more would be known concerning at-

~ition. Considerable information is available 

)ncerning medical causes for denial; however, 

1is factor contributes less than 1% to the overall 

ttrition rate. 1 

This study has served to quantify, to some 

"tent, the characteristics of airmen medically 

lrtified during 1968 subsequently becoming in-

~tive during 1970 for reasons other than denial 

E FAA medical certification. Specific factors 

~e not identified, as such, but the summary data 

)es serve to validate some of the factors menoned. 

Of particular interest with respect to medical 

:rtification is the extent to which observed 

edical factors on last examination may have 

1 

contributed to attrition. A considerable portion 

of the study is devoted to the medical and 

biologic characteristics of airmen in the attrition 

group. Experience, occupation, usage, and geographic characteristics are also included. 

This study, therefore, focuses on some of the 

more obvious characteristics of those airmen who 

become inactive for unknown reasons. 

II. Methods and Source 

The Aeromedical Certification automated medical record files maintained in Oklahoma City, 

Oklahoma, provided the source for identification 

and extraction of relevant summary data concerning the characteristics of airmen becoming 

inactive during 1970. The "active master tape 

file" contains the most recent record of an airman's medical application for certification. The 

tape file includes applications issued, pending 

and denied certification, and abbreviated records 

of significant pathology cases retained for future 

medical reference in the event an airman decides 

to again exercise his flying privileges following 

a period of inactivity. The latter being the only 

instance when a record is maintained on the 

active master tape file for a period of time 

greater than 3 years from the date of application. 

After 3 years, providing that a record has not 

been superseded by a more current examination 

from the airman, the record is either converted 

to an abbreviated record (if significant pathology 

is present or if the airman was denied medical 

certification) or it is transferred to a historical 

tape file. 

In this study, a medically certified airman is 

considered "active" for a maximum of 24 calendar months following his last FAA medical 

examination, i.e., regardless of the class of medical certificate originally issued, it is valid for 

third class purposes for a period of time up to 

24 calendar months. 

Using this definition as a basis for determining 

activity, those airmen whose last FAA examina-
tion exceeded the 24 calendar month criteria at 

any time during 1970 were selected for the study. 

Essentially, this amounts to selection of those 

airmen whose most recent FAA examination was 

performed during 1968. The number of airmen 

identified by this procedure amounted to 151,917. 

Population comparative data represents those 

airmen medically certified as of 1 January 1971 

under the 24 calendar month definition. The 

active population totaled 727,430 as of 1 January 

1971. 

Data from the last medical record was selected 

and extracted from the master tape file for construction of the various frequency tables presented in this study. Airman applicants denied 

medical certification, whether new applicants or 

renewals, were not considered in the study since 

denial is an obvious reason for attrition. Denied 

applicants have been considered in detail elsewhere.1 As previously stated, denied airmen 

amount to less than 1% of total applicants. 

Data presented are descriptive in nature with 

appropriate population comparisons via conventional statistical methodology where compatible 

data exists and statistical treatment would be 

meaningful. Data limitations, where pertinent, 

are discussed in footnotes to the various tables. 

III. Findings and Discussion 

A. Medical and Biologic Characteristics 

1. Pathology Prevalence on Last Examination. 

a. Critical Pathology by Body System. 

·while many diseases are potentially critical in 

the mortality or morbidity sense, the Office of 

Aviation Medicine has identified several ·which 

are considered "critical" to the flight environment. The primary consideration in the FAA 

definition of "critical pathology" is related to 

potential of the disease for sudden incapacitation 

or inability to respond to the flight environment. 

Many of the listed diseases are, of course, critical 

regardless of the environment. Others may appear less critical in the classical sense; however, 

the unique definition must be recalled. 

Federal Aviation Regulations, Part 67, 

specify that a medical certificate will be denied 

if an applicant has an established medical history 

or clinical diagnosis of any of the following 

conditions : 

2 

(1) A character or behavior disorder that 

is severe enough to have repeatedly 

manifested itself by overt acts. 

( 2) A psychotic disorder. 

( 3) Chronic alcoholism. 

( 4) Drug addiction. 

(5) Epilepsy. 

( 6) Disturbance of consciousness withou1 

satisfactory explanation of the cause 

(7) Myocardial infarction. 

( 8) Angina pectoris or other evidence o: 

coronary disease. 

( 9) Diabetes, requiring insulin or ora 

hypoglycemics. 

However, some 800 airmen (approximate!: 

400 of which are still active) have been exemptec 

from the regulations and certified through th 

appeal procedure since 1961 in recognition o 

the existence of an above noted medical condi 

tion, following extensive medical review by th 

agency and consultant specialists. History, pro12 

nosis, and potential risk of sudden incapacitatio 

are the primary considerations in such cases. J 

is appropriate to note, however, that airmen i: 

sued medical certificates with one of the nir 

conditions mentioned are often given speci: 

medical and operational restrictions that allo 

for control of risk. 

Reference to Table I indicates that ti 

total prevalence rate of critical pathology w: 

lower among the attrition group than among tl 

active airman population as of 1 January 197 

Prevalence was higher among the attrition grol 

for Ear, Nose, Throat, and Mouth pathologic 

conditions but not statistically significant.2 

b. All Pathology by Body System. Pre 

alence of all pathology by body system for t 

active airman population and the attrition grm 

is shown in Table II. The prevalence rate amo1 

the attrition group exceeded that of the acti 

airman population for respiratory patholof 

cardiovascular pathology, abdominal patholo~ 

neuropsychiatric pathology, and other mise 

laneous pathological conditions, which inclu 

alcohol, drugs, endocrinopathies, and gene1 

systemic conditions. The total "all patholog 

prevalence rate for the attrition group also 1 

ceeded that of the active airman populatic 

Statistical significance was observed at the 

or .001 levels for all rate differences exec 

cardiovascular. 
Reference to Table II suggests, however, 

that the influence of all medical factors recognized on the last examination contributed little 

to total attrition in terms of quantitative magnitude. There were 12,610 recognized pathological 

3onditions from a total of 151,917 airmen involved in attrition (some airmen have more than 

)ne pathology). Therefore, approximately 8% 

>f the attrition group had recognized pathology. 

Certainly, some medical problems develop 

mbsequent to the last examination; however, as-

;uming an incidence rate of double the current 

wevalence rate, medical factors would account 

'or less than one-fifth of the total attrition 

~roup. 

2. Critical Electrocardiographic Defects. 

~he FAA requires applicants for first class med-

~al certification to submit electrocardiographic 

vidence of absence of myocardial infarction on 

lle first examination after age 35 and annually 

fter age 40. Some other airmen are required 

> submit EKGs in connection with follow-up 

:trdiovascular evaluations for certification; howver, the results are usually not coded for comuter input. 

As with pathology, the EKG defect cate-

)ries are differentiated into "critical" and so 

Llled "non-critical". Non-critical categories are 

nitted in this analysis since many non-critical 

1des reflect technical problems instead of medal problems and since policy regarding the 

.pture and input of these non-critical defects 

Langed during the time period under study thus 

aking comparisons inappropriate. 

Table III, therefore, considers critical EKG 

:feet prevalence, by broad interpretive cate-

'ries, among first class airmen required to snb-

[t EKGs from the attrition group and the 

tive population. Prevalence rates were greater 

all critical defect areas among the attrition 

oup and statistical significance was obsened 

the .001 and .05 levels for all defect areas 

~ept "Disturbances in Rhythm". Some medJ attrition is surely realized from this area; 

wever, total possible contribution to the attion group in terms of magnitude (165 airm) would be small. 

3. Restrictions. Restrictions and limitations 

[Hiring observance of certain medically related 

~cautions are placed on the certificates of ap-

>ximately one-third o£ the active airmen. 

3 

Table IV compares the prevalence o£ restrictions/ 

limitations among active airmen and the attrition 

group. Results indicated greater prevalence 

among the attrition group for: Oxygen Required 

When Flying Above 7,999 Feet; Passenger 

Carrying Prohibited; Not Valid for Night Flying or by Color Signal Control (Color Vision); 

Not Valid for Night Flying (Glaucoma Restriction); Not Valid for Flying Where Radio Use 

Is Required; Valid for Flight Test Only; Limited to Military Control Tower Operator Duties; 

and Valid for Student Pilot Purposes Only. 

Statistical significance existed at the .001 level 

for Not Valid for Night Flying or by Color Signal Control (Color Vision) and at the .20 level 

for Valid for Student Pilot Purposes Only. 

4. ·waivers. Statements of Demonstrated 

Ability (Waivers) are also issued in certain instances. Disqualifying organic conditions are not 

waived, but applicants may receive individual 

consideration through special medical evaluation 

when significant medical deficiencies exist. Table 

V compares the prevalence of waivers by defect 

cause for active airmen and the attrition group. 

Attrition group prevalence exceeded active population prevalence for 3 defects only with no 

statistical significance observed. 

5. Previous Examination Status. Table VI 

shows the distribution of the attrition group by 

age, class of medical certificate issued, and 

whether a previous medical examination was 

recorded on FAA files, i.e., whether the airman 

was a new applicant at the time of certification 

in 1968. It is apparent from Table VI that 

slightly more than half ( 52.5%) of the attrition 

group had no previous record of FAA medical 

examination, compared to an approximate 20% 

representation of new applicants in the population. Two-thirds of the attrition group came 

from general aviation categories requiring third 

class medical certification, compared to a 51% 

representation in the population. Higher classes 

of medical certification, i.e., class one and two 

normally associated with commercial usage, contributed the remaining one-third, compared to 

11.3% and 37.7% representation respectively in 

the population. 3 Table VI also shows the majority of attrition to occur among airmen less 

than 40 years of age with a record of previous 

FAA examination; whereas, most attrition 

occurred prior to age 30 for those without previous FAA medical examination. 
6. Age and Sex. Table VII shows the age 

distribution by class and sex for the attrition 

group. Population comparison for average age 

is also provided. 

Average age was slightly less among the attrition group (34.2 years) as compared to the active 

population ( 35.3 years). The greatest difference 

between mean age comparison existed for First 

Class airmen (30.9 years for attrition versus 35.1 

years for the population). Table XII, however, shows that 80% of the first class attrition 

was not occupationally connected to aviation as 

compared to only 33% showing non-aeronautical 

occupations in the active population (this category does include a small number of airmen who 

did not indicate their occupation on the application).4 Thus, it appears that the average age 

of the first class attrition group was affected 

considerably by airmen not requiring first class 

medical certification, possibly young men anticipating an airline pilot career. 

As of 1 January 1971, female representation 

in the population amounted to 29,832 ( 4.1%) 

of the total 727,430 active airmen.4 Reference 

to Table VII indicates 9,321 ( 6.1%) of the total 

151,917 airmen in the attrition group were 

females. Such a difference in sex representation 

is obviously statistically significant. 

7. Height and Weight. The height distribution by class and sex for the attrition group 

is shown in Table VIII. Table IX sho•vs the 

weight distribution by class and sex for the attrition group. Neither table is particularly remarkable. 

B. Experience, Occupation, Usage, and Geographic Oharaotertistics 

1. Flight Time. Flight time during the 

past six months and total to date, broken down 

by civilian and military flight time, is a required 

item of information on the application for medical certification. Validity of the data is subject 

to question as concerns accuracy since individual 

recall is relied upon to respond to this item. 

However, the purpose for requiring the response 

is not affected to any extent since the interest 

concerns rather gross breakdowns of how much 

total experience and the recency of experience. 

To this extent, the data are useful for purposes 

of this study. 

a. Flight Time During the Past Six 

Months. Recency of experience data reflected 

4 

by Table X clearly indicate that the majority 

of airmen in the attrition group had done very 

little flying during the 6 months prior to their 

last FAA medical examination. Almost threefourths of this group had less flight time than 

what would be considered minimum for proficiency purposes. 

b. Total Flight Time to Date. Consistent 

with the results of the recency of experience 

data, Table XI shows about 62% of the attrition group to have 50 hours or less total experience. Most of these individuals, therefore, 

probably did not complete requirements for a 

private pilot rating. Equally important with 

respect to the total experience is the second less 

pronounced peak among individuals with 100-500 

hours total experience. 

2. Occupations of Airmen in the Attrition 

Group. Table XII shows attrition to be proportionally higher among non-aeronautical occupations. 'Vith the single exception of aircraf1 

mechanics and fixed base operators withou1 

commercial ratings, attrition from aeronautica 

occupations was proportionally less than the cor 

responding population representation by occupa 

tion. 

3. Stated Usage of Flying Privileges in th 

Attrition Group. Proportionally fewer airme1 

among the attrition group indicated business a 

a reason for flying on their last FAA medica 

examination when compared to the general popu 

lation as seen in Table XIII. This is, of cours1 

consistent with findings with respect to occupD 

tion and flying time. Pleasure flyers represente 

a larger proportion of the attrition group tha 

their representation in the general population. 

4. Geographic Distribution of Airmen in tl 

Attrition Group. Proportional comparison ( 

the attrition group by state versus the tot: 

active airman population by state shows the attr 

tion group to be slightly higher in 13 of I 

states. Both military and international airm( 

in the attrition group were also slightly great' 

than population representation. However, 1 

particular geographic pattern emerged and tl 

net effect was not remarkable. The influence : 

geographically associated weather and congE 

tion factors on attrition appears less significa 

than might be expected. Table XIV shows d 

tribution by state for the attrition group a: 

the total population as of 1 January 1971. 
IV. Summary 

Several attrition £actors were considered, including economic reasons, geographically associated weather and congestion conditions, 

occupational mobility, and disenchantment with 

aviation. However, a primary focus o£ this 

study has been to quantify the extent to which 

medical £actors might contribute to unknown 

causes £or attrition. Prevalence o£ various medical conditions on last examination among the 

attrition group was examined and compared 

with corresponding active population prevalence 

for those conditions. 

The total prevalence o£ "critical" pathology 

;vas lower £or the attrition group than £or the 

tctive population. Prevalence £or Ear, Nose, 

fhroat, and Mouth pathological conditions was 

1igher among the attrition group but not sta-

;istically significant. 

Considering all pathology, critical and so 

:ailed non-critical, prevalence among the attriion group exceeded that o£ the active population 

•verall and £or 5 o£ the 9 body systems used £or 

lassification purposes by the Office o£ Aviation 

dedi cine. 

Prevalence rates were greater £or all EKG 

le£ect areas among the first class certified attriion group when compared to the corresponding 

ctive population group. 

However, in terms o£ percentage contribution 

J the total attrition group, medical £actors apear to be ruled out as a significant cause £or 

ttrition on the basis o£ medical findings on the 

tst examination. 

More than hal£ ( 52.5%) o£ the attrition group 

had no previous FAA medical examination, compared to about 20% in the population. Approximately two-thirds (67.5%) o£ all attrition was 

among general aviation categories which require 

third class medical certification, as compared to 

a 51% representation in the population. 

The female attrition group was larger than 

expected based on population representation. 

72.6% o£ the attrition group indicated less 

than 10 hours flight time during the six months 

prior to their last FAA medical examination. 

Total flight experience was less than 50 hours £or 

62% o£ the attrition group. 

95% o£ the 1970 attrition group were airmen 

with non-aeronautical occupations as compared 

to 83% with non-aeronautical occupations in the 

population. 

The geographic distribution o£ the attrition 

group was proportionally comparable to the active population distribution, thus negating the 

influence o£ presumed weather and congestion 

£actors associated with certain geographic areas. 

Empirical expectations have been quantified 

to some extent by this study. With approximately three-fourths o£ the. attrition group 

indicating less than 10 hours flying time during 

the six months prior to the last FAA medical 

examination, the majority o£ which were £rom 

general aviation categories, the most significant 

causes £or attrition appear to be economic influence and disenchantment with aviation. 

REFERENCES 

. Siegel, P. V. and Booze, C. F., Jr.: A Retrospective 

Analysis of Aeromedical Certification Denial Actions, 

January 1961-December 1967. OAM Report 68-9, 

Office of Aviation Medicine, Federal Aviation Administration, 1968 . 

. Vital Statistics of the United States. Vol. I, pp. 

28-29, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and 

Welfare, Public Health Service, Washington, D.C., 

1950. 

5 

3. Unpublished Summary Reports (population comparative data). Federal Aviation Administration, Civil 

Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical Certification 

Branch, Medical Statistical Section, Oklahoma City, 

OI,lahoma. 

4. Federal Aviation Administration, Civil Aeromedical 

Institute, Aeromedical Certification Branch. 1970 

Aeromedical Certification Statistical Handbook, p. 

35, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. 
~ 

Table I 

PREVALENCE OF CRITICAL PATHOLOGY BY BODY SYSTEM 

ACTIVE AIRMEN VERSUS THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

1970 Attrition Group Active Airman Pop

Frequency Prevalence Frequency 

of Per of 

Critical Pathology/Body System Occurrence Percent 100,000 Occurrence Percent 

Eye 2,792 65.96 1837.85 15,925 63.30 

Ears, Nose, Throat, and Mouth 9 .21 5.92* 33 .13 

Cardiovascular 424 10.02 279.10 2,794 11.11 

Abdominal 129 3.05 84.91 624 2.48 

Neuropsychiatric 40 • 94 26.33 269 1.07 

Other Miscellaneous Conditions 839 19.82 552.28 5,512 21.91 

TOTAL 4,233 100.00 2786.39 25,157 100.00 

Source: Civil Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical Certification Branch, Medical Statistical Sectio

NOTE: Critical pathology as recorded on the most recent examination or carried forward as histori

from previous examinations. The total active airman population was 727,430 as of 1 January 

and the total attrition population was 151,917. Point prevalence data presented in this ta

obtained by the following formula: 

Prevalence per 100,000 Cell Frequency X 100,000 Population or Attrition Total 

*Asterisks indicate those areas where attrition group prevalence exceeds population prevalence wit

statistical significance. 

Since a primary interest of this study was the extent to which medical factors contribute to attr

statistical significance was determined for only those medical factors where attritiongroup prevale

population prevalence. 
--l 

Table II 

PREVALENCE OF ALL PATHOLOGY BY BODY SYSTEM 

ACTIVE AIRMEN VERSUS THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

1970 Attrition Grou2 Active Airman PoQulatio

Frequency of Prevalence Frequency of Pr

Pathology Per Pathology 

Bod:i S:istem Occurrence Percent 100~000 Occurrence Percent l

Eye 3,467 27.49 2282.17 18 ,615 31.50 2

Ears, Nose, Throat, and Mouth 523 4.15 344.27 2,959 5.01 

Respiratory 366 2.90 240. 92~~'{( 1,359 2.30 

Cardiovascular 2,111 16.74 1389.57'~• 10,014 16.95 1

Abdominal 3,052 24.20 2008. 99** 13,093 22.16 1

Neuropsychiatric 929 7.37 611.52~~ 3,473 5.88 

Bones and Joints 842 6.68 554.25 4,258 7.20 

Muscles 121 .96 79.65 673 1.14 

Other Miscellaneous Conditions 1,199 9.51 789.25*ic 4,642 7.86 

TOTAL 12,610 100.00 8300 o 5 8~h~c 59,086 100.00 8

Source: Civil Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical Certification Branch, Medical Statistical Section. 

NOTE: All pathology as recorded on the most recent examination. Only critical pathology is carried f

as historical data from previous examinations. The total active airman population was 727,430 

1 January 1971; the total attrition population was 151,917. Point prevalence data presented in 

table was obtained by the following formula: 

Prevalence per 100,000 = Cell Freguenc:i x 100,000 

Population or Attrition Total 

*Asterisks indicate those areas where attrition group prevalence exceeds population prevalence with 

statistical significance. 

Since a primary interest of this study was the extent to which medical factors contribute to attrit

statistical significance was determined for only those medical factors where attrition group prevalence 

population prevalence. 

ici<Indicates statistical significance at .001. 

~h'n'•Indicates statistical significance at .05. 
00 

Table III 

PREVALENCE OF CRITICAL ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC DEFECT 

AMONG FIRST~LASS AIRMEN REQUIRED TO SUBMIT EKGS - ACTIVE AIRMAN POPULATION VERSUS THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

1970 Attrition Group Active Airman Population 

EKG Defect 

Disturbances in Rhythm 

Conduction Defects 

T and ST Changes 

Frequency 

of 

Occurrence 

EKG Evidence of Myocardial Infarction 

Dextrocardia 

6 

62 

80 

17 

TOTAL 165 

Percent 

3.64 

37.58 

48.48 

10.30 

100.00 

First Class First Clas

Prevalence Frequency Prevalence 

Per of Per 

100,000 Occurrence Percent lQQ,OOO 

381.44* 

3 941. 51 *">h': 

5085. 82">':* 

1080. 74*~-rn 

10489. Sl~'rl: 

77 

932 

878 

194 

2 

2,083 

3.70 211.87 

44.74 2564.46 

42.15 2415.87 

9.31 533.80 

.10 5.50 

100.00 5731.50 

Source: Civil Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical Certification Branch, Medical Statistical Section. 

NOTE: Critical EKG defect status as of most recent examination, including history. The number of first clas

airmen requiring electrocardiograms as of 1 January 1971 equaled 36,343. The first class attrition gro

requiring electrocardiograms equaled 1,573. Point prevalence data presented in this table was obtaine

by the following formula: 

Prevalence per 100,000 Cell Frequency 

Population or Attrition Total 

Requiring EKGs 

X 100,000 

*Asterisks indicate those areas where attrition group prevalence exceeds population prevalence with no 

statistical significance. 

Since a primary interest of this study was the extent to which medical factors contribute to attrition, 

statistical significance was determined for only those medical factors where attrition group prevalence exceede

population prevalence. 

"irkindicates statistical significance at .001. 

~·:~h':Indicates statistical significance at .05. 
Table IV 

PREVALENCE OF CERTIFICATE RESTRICTIONS 

ACTIVE AIRMAN POPULATION VERSUS THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

l2ZQ Attrition Grou~ Active Airman Po2ulation 

Frequency Prevalence Frequency Prevale

of Per of Per 

Certificate Restrictions Occurrence Percent 1001000 Occurrence Percent 1001000 

Must Have Available Glasses for 

Near Vision While Flying 6,957 13.85 4579.48 50,136 18.91 6892.21 

Must Wear Glasses for Distant 

Vision While Flying 36,874 73.42 24272.47 185 '105 69.83 25446.44 

Must Wear Glasses for Near and 

Distant Vision While Flying 1 .oo • 66 7 .oo • 96 

Must Wear Prismatic Correction 

While Flying 5 .01 3.29 49 .02 6.74 

<:0 May Wear Contact Lenses While Flying 275 .55 181.02 1,570 .59 215.83 

May Wear Contacts While Flying: 

Glasses Mu:>t Be Available 1,178 2.33 775.42 6,738 2.54 926.27 

Must Wear Hearing Aid While Flying 49 .10 32.25 297 .11 40.83 

Must Wear Artificial Limb While Flying 7 .01 4.61 209 .08 28.73 

Oxygen Required When Flying Above 

7,999 Feet 8 .02 5.27* 21 .01 2.89 

Passenger Carrying Prohibited 4 .01 2.63* 17 .01 2.34 

Not Valid for Pilot In Command - - - 7 .oo • 96 

Not Valid for Control Tower Operator 

Duties 63 .12 41.47 515 .19 70.80 

Not Valid for Air Transport Duties 1 .oo .66 11 .01 1.51 

Flying of Jet Aircraft Prohibited - - - 1 .oo .14 

Not Valid for Night Flying or By Color 

Signal Control (Color Vision) 2,561 5.10 1685.79** 9,657 3.64 1327.55 
f-" 

0 

Table IV (Continued) 

PREVALENCE OF CERTIFICATE RESTRICTIONS 

ACTIVE AIRMAN POPULATION VERSUS THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

1970 Attrition GrauE Active Airman PoEulation 

Frequency Prevalence Frequency Prevalence 

of Per of Per 

Certificate Restrictions Occurrence Percent 100 ~000 Occurrence Percent 100~000 

Not Valid for Night Flying 

(Glaucoma Restriction) 43 .09 28.30* 202 .08 27.77 

Not Valid for Flying Where Radio 

Use Is Required 14 .03 9. 22~~ 54 .02 7.42 

Flying Limited to Remote Areas - - - 1 .oo .14 

Valid for Flight Test Only 15 .03 9.87* 60 .02 8.25 

Second Class Privileges Limited 

To Crop Dusting - - - 2 .oo .27 

Second Class Privileges Limited To 

Flight Engineer Duties 6 .01 3.95 51 .02 7.01 

Second Class Privileges Limited To 

Flight Navigator Duties 1 .oo .66 18 .01 2.47 

Second Class Privileges Limited To 

Control Tower Operator Duties 39 .08 25.67 239 .09 32.86 

Valid for Air Traffic Controller 

Duties Only 8 .02 5.27 1,171 .44 160.98 

Limited to Military Control Tower 

Operator Duties 28 .06 18.43* 121 .05 16.63 

Valid for Control Tower Duties When 

Second Controller on Duty - - - 11 .01 1.51 

Valid Only when Accompanied by Another 

Qualified Pilot 1 .oo .66 8 .oo 1.10 

Valid for Student Pilot Purposes Only 1,183 2.36 77 8. 71 ~'rin'~'( 3,343 1.26 459.56 
f-' 

f-' 

Table IV (Continued) 

PREVALENCE OF CERTIFICATE RESTRICTIONS 

ACTIVE AIRMAN POPULATION VERSUS THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

1970 Attrition Group Active Airman Population 

Frequency Prevalence Frequency Prevalenc

of Per of Per 

Certificate Restrictions Occurrence . Percent 100 ,000 Occurrence ____ Per~~nt_ _ 100 ,000 

Second Class Privileges Limited 

To Cargo Operations 

Time Limitation Restrictions 

Panel Restrictions (Time Limitation) 

Miscellaneous Restrictions 

TOTAL 

602 

55 

244 

50,222 

1.20 396,27 

.11 36.20 

.49 160,61 

100.00 33058.84 

2 .oo .27 

3,337 1.26 458.74 

459 .17 63.10 

1,681 • 63 231.09 

265,100 100.00 36443.37 

Source: Civil Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical Certification Branch, Medical Statistical Section and the 197

Aeromedical Certification Statistical Handbook, 

NOTE: Restriction status as of latest examination, The total active airman population was 727,430 as of 

1 January 1971; the total attrition population was 151,917. Point prevalence data presented in this 

table was obtained by the following formula: 

Prevalence per 100,000 Cell Frequency X 100,000 

Population or Attrition Total 

*Asterisks indicate those areas where attrition group prevalence exceeds population prevalence with no 

statistical significance. 

Since a primary interest of this study was the extent to which medical factors contribute to attrition, 

statistical significance was determined for only those medical factors where attrition group prevalence exceeded 

population prevalence. 

~~kindicates statistical significance at .001 

>'d<~~'<Indicates statistical significance at • 20. 
Table V 

PREVALENCE OF WAIVERS BY DEFECT CAUSE 

ACTIVE AIRMAN POPULATION VERSUS THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

1970 Attrition GrouE Active Airman PoEulation 

Frequency Prevalence Frequency Prevalence 

of Per of Per 

Waiver Cause Occurrence Percent 100 1000 Occurrence Percent 1001000 

External Eye Problem 42 1.27 27.65 279 1.06 38.35 

Internal Eye Problem 14 .42 9.21 116 .44 15.95 

Glaucoma - - - 5 .02 .69 

Deficient Distant Vision 1,217 36.79 801.09 12,074 46.01 1659.82 

Deficient Near Vision 3 .09 1. 97 23 .09 3.16 

Deficient Color Vision 399 12.06 262.64 3,494 13.31 480.32 

Contact Lenses 1,368 41.35 900.49 7,804 29.74 1072.82 

f-' Field of Vision 

to (Visual Field Deficiency) 2 .06 1.32 15 .06 2.06 

Deficient Hearing 142 4.29 93.47 1,376 5.24 189.16 

Ear 2 .06 1.32* 4 .02 .55 

Throat - - - 1 .oo .14 

Mute 2 .06 1.32* 3 .01 .41 

Respiratory System - - - 5 .02 .69 

Heart Disease-General - - - 7 .03 .96 

Heatt Disease-Valvular - - - 1 .oo .14 

Heart Disease-Vascular - - - 1 .oo .14 

Electrocardiogram Abnormalities 1 .03 • 66* 1 .oo .14 

Neurological 2 .06 1.32 55 .21 7.56 
~ 

C>:> 

Table V (Continued) 

PREVALENCE OF WAIVERS BY DEFECT CAUSE 

ACTIVE AIRMAN POPULATION VERSUS THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

l2ZQ AttiitiQD GIQU~ Active Airman PoEulation 

Frequency Prevalence Frequency Prevalen

Waiver Cause 

Mental and Nervous 

Bone and Joint 

Muscles 

Miscellaneous Conditions 

Malignancy 

Amputation 

TOTAL 

of 

Occurrence 

29 

29 

33 

23 

3,308 

Per 

Percent 1oo.ooo 

.88 19.09 

.88 19.09 

1.00 21.72 

.70 15.14 

100.00 2177 .so 

of Per 

Occurrence Percent 100.000 

2 .01 .27 

209 .80 28.73 

161 0 61 22.13 

337 1.28 46.33 

3 .01 .41 

269 1.03 36.98 

26,245 100.00 3607.91 

Source: Civil Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical Certification Branch, Medical Statistical Section and the 19

Aeromedical Certification Statistical Handbook. 

NOTE: Waiver status as of latest examination. The total active airman population was 727,430 as of 1 January 

1971; the total attrition population was 151,917. Point prevalence data presented in this table was 

obtained by the following formula: 

Prevalence per 100,000 = Cell Frequency X 100,000 Population or Attrition Total 

*Asterisks indicate those areas where attrition group prevalence exceeds population prevalence with no 

statistical significance. 

Since a primary interest of this study was the extent to which medical factors contribute to attrition, 

statistical significance was determined for only those medical factors where attrition group prevalence exceeded 

population prevalence. 
1-l 

~ 

Age 

< 20 

20-24 

25-29 

30-34 

35-39 

40-44 

45-49 

50-54 

55-59 

60-64 

65-69 

70-74 

75-79 

80-84 

>84 

TOTAL 

PERCENT 

OF TOTAL 

Source: 

Table VI 

AGE, MEDICAL CERTIFICATE ISSUED, AND PREVIOUS 

FAA EXAMINATION STATUS OF THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

First Class Second Class Third Class 

Prev. No Prev. Prev, No Prev. Prev. No Prev. 

Exam. Exams Exam. Exam1 Exams Exam. 

13 132 23 260 65 4,861 

727 1,122 2,435 3,494 3,362 16,908 

1,382 1,000 5,086 4,206 4,867 13,903 

1,143 400 4,567 2,085 5,305 8,791 

536 177 4,435 1,377 5,778 6,573 

278 72 3,206 842 7,076 5,182 

309 81 3,882 1,033 5,906 3,496 

234 35 2,493 531 3,649 1,833 

96 12 831 114 2,165 799 

93 - 299 22 1,051 283 

4 1 151 11 465 99 

1 - 38 1 133 18 

- - 9 1 47 7 

- - - 1 10 1 

- - - - 3 -

4,816 3,032 27,455 13,978 39,882 62,754 

3.2 2.0 18.1 9.2 26.2 41.3 

Prev. 

Exam. 

101 

6,524 

11,335 

11,015 

10,749 

10,560 

10,097 

6,376 

3,092 

1,443 

620 

172 

56 

10 

3 

72,153 

47.5 

Civil Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical Certification Branch, Medical Statistical Section. 

Total 

No Prev

Exam. 

5,253 

21,524 

19,109 

11,276 

8,127 

6,096 

4,610 

2,399 

925 

305 

111 

19 

8 

2 

79,764 

52.5 

NOTE: Age at last birthday as of 1 January 1971. Previous examination status determined internally by compute

comparison, 
Table VII 

AGE, MEDICAL CERTIFICATE ISSUED, AND SEX OF THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

First Class Second Class Third Class Total 

8ii~ Male Female Male Female Male Female Male :femaJ.e 

Less than 15 - - 1 - - - 1 

15 - 19 143 2 268 14 4,418 508 4,829 524 

20 - 24 1,820 29 5,707 222 18,672 1,598 26,199 1,849 

25 - 29 2,363 19 9,118 174 17,030 1,740 28,511 1,933 

30 - 34 1,529 14 6,537 115 12,779 1,317 20,845 1,446 

35 - 39 710 3 5,718 94 11,258 1,093 17,686 1,190 

40 - 44 343 7 3,962 86 11,339 919 15,644 1,012 

45 - 49 386 4 4,846 69 8,729 673 13,961 746 

50 - 54 267 2 2,974 50 5,151 331 8,392 383 

55 - 59 108 - 924 21 2,834 130 3,866 151 

1-' 60 - 64 93 - 310 11 1,285 49 1,688 60 Ct 

65 - 69 5 - 160 2 547 17 712 19 

70 - 74 1 - 39 - 146 5 186 5 

75 - 79 - - 10 - 53 1 63 1 

80 - 84 - - 1 - 9 2 10 2 

Greater than 84 - - - - 3 - 3 

TOTAL 7,768 80 40,575 858 94,253 8,383 142,596 9,321 

Average Age 

(Attrition) 30.9 35.2 34.0 34.2 

Average Age 

(Population) 35.1 35.1 35.4 35.3 

Source: Civil Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical Certification Branch, Medical Statistical Section. 

NOTE: Age at last birthday as of 1 January 1971. 
Table VIII 

HEIGHT, MEDICAL CERTIFICATE ISSUED, AND SEX OF THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

Height First Class Second Class Third Class Total 

In Inches Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female 

Less than 59 60 1 194 12 460 92 714 105 

59 11 - 53 5 128 24 192 29 

60 16 2 89 17 187 209 292 228 

61 5 5 36 29 85 291 126 325 

62 6 3 49 73 151 887 206 963 

63 13 9 67 95 235 954 315 1,058 

64 32 6 221 109 627 1,315 880 1,430 

65 83 17 491 152 1,278 1,268 1,852 1,437 

66 254 9 1,322 141 3,452 1,284 5,028 1,434 

67 464 14 2,366 98 5,537 884 8,367 996 

68 725 4 4,140 66 9,836 635 14,701 705 ,..... 

"" 69 891 3 4,820 32 10,703 297 16,414 332 

70 1,188 5 6,217 13 14,292 127 21,697 145 

71 1,175 1 6,178 4 14,554 54 21,907 59 

72 1,269 1 6,826 7 15,155 32 23,250 40 

73 646 - 3,219 1 7,499 10 11,364 11 

74 543 - 2,435 - 5,540 4 8,518 4 

75 253 - 1,054 3 2,567 6 3,874 9 

Greater than 75 134 - 798 1 1,967 10 2,899 11 

TOTAL 7,768 80 40,575 858 94,253 8,383 142,596 9,321 

Average Height 

(Attrition) 68.6 68.5 68.1 68.2 

Average Height 

(Population) 68.4 

Source: Civil Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical Certification Branch, Medical Statistical Section. 

NOTE: Height rounded to nearest inch. 
Table IX 

WEIGHT, MEDICAL CERTIFICATE ISSUED, AND SEX OF THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

Weight First Class Second Class Third Class Total 

In Pounds Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female 

Less than 90 20 1 49 4 100 29 169 34 

90 - 99 - 2 - 10 19 122 19 134 

100 - 109 4 3 8 64 93 747 105 814 

110 - 119 24 19 76 182 408 1,814 508 2,015 

120 - 129 117 27 431 227 1,465 2,127 2,013 2,381 

130 - 139 358 13 1,371 175 4,164 1,670 5,893 1,858 

140 - 149 711 3 3,106 98 7,996 848 11,813 949 

150 - 159 1,123 4 5,317 47 12,196 461 18,636 512 

160 - 169 1,367 3 7,050 23 15,390 250 23,807 276 

170 - 179 1,342 1 7,119 9 15,557 131 24,018 141 

180 - 189 1,111 2 6,315 4 13,361 82 20,787 88 

190 - 199 715 1 4,350 5 9,266 40 14,331 46 

200 - 209 421 - 2,444 4 5,737 22 8,602 26 

210 - 219 219 1 1,438 2 3,557 12 5,214 15 

220 - 229 114 - 770 3 2,104 11 2,988 14 

"""' 230 - 239 62 - 367 1 1,229 5 1,658 6 

-l 240 - 249 25 - 174 - 690 4 889 4 

Over 249 35 - 190 - 921 8 1,146 8 

TOTAL 7,768 80 40,575 858 94,253 8,383 142,596 9,321 

Average Weight 

(Attrition) 170.1 172.6 168.5 169.7 

Average Weight 

(Population) 172.5 

Source: Civil Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical Certification Branch, Medical Statistical Section. 

NOTE: Weight rounded to nearest pound. 
Table X 

RECENCY OF FLIGHT EXPERIENCE IN THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

Flight Time Last Six Months {Hoursl 

100- 150- 200- 250- 300- 350- 400- 450-

Age 0-10 10-49 50-99 149 199 249 299 349 399 449 499 >499 Total 

Less than 20 4,619 721 11 3 - - - - - - - - 5,354 

20 - 24 23,304 3,888 549 184 58 22 13 11 2 3 4 10 28,048 

25 - 29 23,710 5,082 947 295 115 77 35 54 21 31 10 67 30,444 

30 - 34 15,914 4,623 975 273 130 117 51 55 30 50 11 62 22,291 

35 - 39 13 '186 4,046 935 242 100 92 42 78 27 48 23 57 18,876 

40 - 44 11,042 3,953 1,011 234 109 97 44 52 25 40 19 30 16,656 

45 - 49 9,319 3,670 914 296 136 100 47 74 40 44 21 46 14,707 

50 - 54 5,455 2,131 656 210 87 50 38 53 19 33 14 29 8,775 

55 - 59 2,303 1,113 345 97 44 35 13 20 11 18 5 13 4,017 

""" 00 60 - 64 931 500 157 46 22 19 9 18 12 17 8 9 1,748 

65 - 69 387 225 68 20 15 7 1 4 1 2 - 1 731 

70 - 74 83 71 24 8 4 1 - - - - - - 191 

75 - 79 34 20 4 2 2 1 - - - 1 - - 64 

80 - 84 8 3 - 1 - - - - - - - - 12 

Over 84 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - 3 

TOTAL 110,296 30,047 6,597 1,911 822 618 293 419 188 287 115 324 151,917 

PERCENT, 72.6 19.8 4.3 1.3 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 100.0 

Source: Civil Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical Certification Branch, Medical Statistical Section. 

NOTE: Age at last birthday as of 1 January 1971. Flight time last six months from item 17, FAA Form 8500-8, 

rounded to nearest hour. 
Table XI 

TOTAL FLIGHT EXPERIENCE IN THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

Total Flight Time (Hours) 

Age 0-50 50-100 100-500 500-1000 1000-2000 2000-5000 >5000 Total 

Less than 20 5,297 42 13 1 - - 1 5,354 

20 - 24 24,613 1,684 1,644 73 27 7 - 28,048 

25 - 29 23,533 2,727 3,601 326 176 74 7 30,444 

30 - 34 14,262 2,431 4,492 560 313 185 48 22,291 

35 - 39 10,282 1,852 4,752 963 484 373 170 18,876 

40 - 44 7,117 1,465 5,073 1,445 749 542 265 16,656 

45 - 49 4,870 1,104 4,524 1,652 1,091 918 548 14,707 

50 - 54 2,604 557 2,472 1,065 781 781 515 8,775 

1-' 55 - 59 938 220 1,112 530 440 419 358 4,017 0:0 

60 - 64 331 68 434 250 209 213 243 1,748 

65 - 69 115 19 160 117 100 123 97 731 

70 - 74 29 3 32 23 35 38 31 191 

75 - 79 9 1 12 6 11 12 13 64 

80 - 84 2 - 1 2 3 3 1 12 

Over 84 - - - - - 1 2 3 

TOTAL 94,002 12,173 28,322 7,013 4,419 3,689 2,299 151,917 

PERCENT 6L9 8.0 18.7 4.6 2.9 2.4 1.5 100.0 

Source: Civil Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical Certification Branch, Medical Statistical Section. 

NOTE: Age at last birthday as of 1 January 1971. Flight time total to date from item 16, FAA Form 8500-8, 

rounded to nearest hour. 
Table XII 

OCCUPATIONS OF THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

First Second Third Percent Percent 

OccuEation Class Class Class Total Attrition PoEulation 

Pilot, Scheduled and Non-Scheduled 

Airlines Only (includes captain, 

co-pilot, first and second officer) 750 20 2 772 .51 5.18 

Flight Engineer 20 149 9 178 .12 • 66 

Flight Navigator/Flight Radio Operator 3 26 2 31 .02 .06 

Commercial, Busniess, Executive, or 

Self-Employed Pilot (First Class) 471 21 6 498 .33 1.55 

Commercial Pilot, Self-Employed 

(Second Class) 2 215 7 224 .15 .43 

Commercial Pilot, Not Self-Employed 

(Second Class) 11 577 7 595 .39 1.37 ~:') 

0 Aero Application, Crop Duster, Spray Pilot 2 127 4 133 .09 .32 

Air Traffic Controller 19 3,517 31 3,567 2.34 5.34 

Flight Instructor 109 222 2 333 .22 • 93 

Aircraft Mechanic and Fixed Base Operators 

(who are not commercial pilots) 205 569 474 1,248 .82* .79 

Not Given or Non-Aeronautical 6,256 35,990 102,092 144,338 95.01* 83.37 

TOTAL 7,848 41,433 102,636 151,917 100.00 100.00 

Source': Civil Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical Certification Branch, Medical Statistical Section; and, 

31 December 1970 distribution of airman occupations from the 1970 Aeromedical Certification Statistical Handbook. 

NOTE: Occupation as recorded by the airman in item 10, FAA Form 8500-8. 

*Asterisks indicate those areas where attrition group prevalence exceeds population prevalence. 
Type Of 

Flying 

Business 

Pleasure 

TOTAL 

Table XIII 

STATED USAGE OF FLYING PRIVILEGES 

IN THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

Attr:t.t:t.on Group 

Frequency Percent 

28,075 18.5 

123,842 81. 5~~ 

151,917 lOOoO 

General PoEulation 

Frequency Percent 

207,462 28.5 

519,968 71.5 

724,430 100.0 

Source: Civil Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical Certification Branch, 

Medical Statistical Section and 1970 Aeromedical Certification Statistical 

Handbook. 

NOTE: Type of flying as recorded by the airman in item 14, FAA Form 

8500-8. 

*Asterisk indicates area where attritiongroup prevalence exceeds 

population prevalence. 

21 
Table XIV 

S!ATE OF RESIDENCE - ACTIVE AIRMEN VERSUS THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

Attrition GrouE Active PoEulation 

State First Class Second Class Third Class Total Percent Total Percent 

Alabama 49 387 1,194 1,630 l.b'c 7,257 1.0 

Alaska 31 247 881 1,159 .8 6,172 .8 

Arizona 75 459 1,393 1,927 1.3* 8,908 1.2 

Arkansas 15 302 837 1,154 .8* 4,911 .7 

California 1,704 4,613 12,627 18,944 12.5 93,215 12.8 

Colorado 239 759 1,522 2,520 1.7 12,119 1.7 

Connecticut 87 309 1,122 1,518 1.0 8,336 1.1 

Delaware 8 54 211 273 .2 1,436 .2 

District of Columbia 24 37 132 193 01 851 .1 

Florida 935 1,542 3,941 6,418 4.2 30,667 4.2 

Georgia 271 573 1,885 2,729 1.8 13,879 1.9 

Hawaii 62 93 166 321 .2 2,052 .3 

Idaho 19 179 603 801 .5 3,470 .5 ~ 

~ Illinois 243 1,110 4,712 6,065 4.0 30,161 4.1 

Indiana 78 505 2,646 3,229 2. 1* 14,703 2.0 

Iowa 19 356 1,786 2,161 1.4 10,060 1.4 

Kansas 123 477 1,986 2,586 1.7* 12,010 1.6 

Kentucky 19 210 909 1,138 .7 4,993 .7 

Louisiana 56 510 1,312 1,878 1.2 8,368 1.2 

Maine 12 106 413 531 .3 2,348 .3 

Maryland 63 300 1,218 1,581 1.0 7,789 1.1 

Massachusetts 184 437 1,617 2,238 1.5 10,770 1.5 

Michigan 82 785 3,784 4,651 3.1 22,304 3.1 

Minnesota 257 642 2,294 3,193 2.1 16,381 2.2 

Nississippi 20 253 946 1,219 .8* 4,544 .6 

Missouri 199 666 2,323 3,188 2. l,'c 14,540 2.0 

Montana 21 225 753 999 .6 4,226 .6 

Nebraska 13 234 1,023 1,270 .8 6,053 .8 

Nevada 25 208 465 698 .5 3,332 .5 

New Hampshire 26 105 277 408 .3 2,433 .3 

New Jersey 219 578 2,157 2,954 1.9 15,825 2.2 

New Mexico 19 217 815 1,051 .7 4,953 .7 
Table XIV (Continued) 

STATE OF RESIDENCE - ACTIVE AIRMEN VERSUS THE 1970 ATTRITION GROUP 

Att:d tj QD GJ:OllP Active PoEulation 

State First Class Second Class Third Class Total Percent Total Percent 

New York 422 1,182 4,285 5,889 3.9 29,443 4.0 

North Carolina 62 364 1,487 1, 913 1.3 9,389 1.3 

North Dakota 5 110 583 698 .5* 3,059 .4 

Ohio 128 989 4,383 5,500 3.6 26,889 3.7 

Oklahoma 65 521 1,743 2,329 1.5 11,260 1.5 

Oregon 59 544 1,478 2,081 1.4~~ 9,257 1.3 

Pennsylvania 146 682 3,082 3,910 2.6 20,145 2.8 

Rhode Island 14 53 184 251 .2 1,179 .2 

South Carolina 49 249 688 986 .6 4,031 .6 

South Dakota 11 69 466 546 .4 2,694 .4 

Tennessee 69 400 1,266 1,735 1.1 8,785 1.2 

Texas 393 2,108 6,832 9,333 6.1~~ 43,325 6.0 

t.:J Utah 48 231 592 871 • 6-f( 3,928 .5 ~ Vermont 5 53 143 201 .1 1,033 .1 

Virginia 135 470 1,431 2,036 1.3 10,710 1.5 

Washington 349 881 2,385 3,615 2.4-f( 16,554 2.3 

West Virginia 6 101 326 433 .3 2,019 .3 

Wisconsin 67 389 1,643 2,099 1.4 10,832 1.5 

Wyoming 4 82 328 414 0 3* 1,794 .2 

U. S. CIVILIAN TOTAL 7,234 26,956 91,275 125,465 605,392 

Military 8 13,973 10,496 24,477 16. 1~'< 113,554 15.6 

International 606 504 865 1,975 1. 3-f( 8,484 1.2 

"' "' Q;l TOTAL AIRMEN 7,848 41,433 102,636 151,917 100.0 727,430 100.0 0 

Source: Civil Aeromedical Institute, Aeromedical Certification Branch, Medical Statistical Section and 1970 

Aeromedical Certification Statistical Handbook. 

NOTE: State of residence as recorded by the airman in item 2A, FAA Form 8500~8. 

*Asterisks indicate those areas where attrition group prevalence exceeds population prevalence.