AVIATION MEDICINE TRANSLATIONS:
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF RECENTLY
TRANSLATED MATERIAL. VI.

Back, P. and Hildebrandt, H. J. Zur Reaktivie-
rung der Acetylcholinesterase: Titrimetrische
Untersuchungen an  Hirnhomogenat. und
Plasma nach Tabun-, Sarin- und Somanhem-
mung in vitro. (On the reactivation of acetyl-
cholinesterase. Titrimetic studies on homoge-
nates of brain and on plasma after inhibition
in vitro with Tabun, Sarin, and Soman.)
Archiv der Pharmazie und Berichte der
deutschen pharmazeutischen Gesellschaft
(Weinheim), 263 :261-262, 1969.

Automatic electrometric titration was em-
ployed to determine the reactivating effect of
obidoxime on acetylcholinesterase from rat
brain homogenate and cholinesterase from
human blood plasma after inhibition with
Tabun, Sarin and Soman. Except for Tabun-
and Soman- inhibited plasma cholinesterase,
obidoxime was found to have reactivating ef-
fects on the enzymes under specified conditions.

Boskovia, M. Morfologija, sadrzaj i odnosi
petromastoidnog kanala kod Goveka. (Mor-
phology, content, and relationships of the
petromastoid canal in man.) Acta medica
Tugoslavica, 12 :5-37, 1958 (Suppl. No. 1).

Eighteen-hundred preparations were col-
lected consisting of pyramids of the temporal
bone. Of the preparations studied, 260 came
from fetuses, 880 from children, and 1,160 from
adults. By employing combined methods with
this large number of preparations, a compre-
hensive anatomical study of the origin and
morphology, content, topography, and devel-
opment of the petromastoid canal was ac-
complished.

Brunner, H. Zur klinischen Bedeutung der Inver-
sion des optokinetischen Nystagmus. (Clinical
significance of inversion of optokinetic nystag-
mus.) Archiv fiir Ophthalmologie, 129 :30-56,
1932.

The significance of inversion of optokinetic
nystagmus as a diagnostic tool is illustrated
through the presentation of six case histories.
Central-labyrinthine nystagmus in its pure
form can be overcome by optokinetic nystag-
mus. Central-labyrinthine nystagmus may also
be inverted (1) if the central-labyrinthine
nystagmus is overcome by an ocular nystagmus;
(2) if the central-labyrinthine nystagmus is
combined with a lesion of the cortical vision
bundle; and (3) if the patient’s attentiveness
is disturbed.

DiGiunta, E. and Raso, D. Rilievi nistagmo-
grafica post-rotatorii in corso di intossicazione
alcoolica acuta. (Post-rotatory nystagmo-
graphic findings during acute alcohol intoxica-
tion.) Clinica Oto-Rino - Laringoiatrica
(Rome) 20 :88-105, 1968.

Vestibular responses were examined in five
male subjects both before and after ingestion
of 40-proof brandy. Blood alcohol levels
ranged from 30 to 95 mg.%. Both motor re-
sponses and post-rotatory nystagmus were ex-
amined. The most consistent pre- to post-test
changes observed involved the.form of the in-
duced nystagmic response. Qualitative altera-
tions (dysrhythmia) were often in evidence
even when no quantitative changes appeared.

Grandjean, E., Wotzka, G. and Kretzchmar, H.
Psychophysiologische Utersuchungen tiber die
berufliche Belastung der Flugverkehrsleiter der
Flughiifen Ziirich-Koten und Genf-Cointrin.
(Psychophysiologic investigations into profes-
sional stress on air traffic control officers at the
Ziivich-Kloten and Geneva-Cointrin airports.)
Unpublished report, 1968.

Occupational stress of ATC personnel was
studied using objective and subjective meas-
ures of fatigue, multiple moment observations,
and individual opinion questionnaires. Results





During two hours of exercise on the bicycle
ergometer in different environments (—4° to
+82°C), the time course of body temperature
(BT) was found to depend upon the climate
with a higher rise in BT in the cold environ-
ment as opposed to the warm environment,
followed by a slow increase of BT in the warm
and a slow decrease in the cold. Oxygen con-
sumption was, however, independent of envi-
ronmental temperatures. Weight loss was
proportional to the environmental temperature
up to 25°C, at which point it increased more
steeply. With rising room temperature (above
11°C), heart rate increased during work. It
was concluded that a theory of thermal regula-
tion by a resetting of the body thermostate
during exercise could not be supported by this
study.

Kiilbs, F. Berufsschiiden toxischer Art und
Traumen als Ursache von Herz- und Gefiis-
stérungen. (Occupational injuries of a toxic
ature and traumas as cause of cardiac and
vascular disturbances.) Nauheimer Fortbil-
dungs-Lehrgiinge, 18 58-63, 1937.

Effects of various substances upon the cardio-
vascular and respiratory systems were con-
sidered. War gases produced pulmonary
edema; chlorine gas produced mitral stenosis;
nitrose gases produced pulmonary edema and
acute cardiac insufficiency; various metals
(phosphorous, lead, arsenic and mercury)
produced anatomical changes in circulation;
carbon monoxide produced tachycardias and
cardiac dilations; electrical trauma produced
acute cardiac dilation, ventricular fibrillation
and cardiac arrest; lightning stroke affected
the respiratory center and produced ventricular
fibrillation; heat and sun stroke had an indirect
effect on the cardio-vascular system; and blunt
trauma to the thoracic wall produced hemor-
rhages, thromboses, and other disorders, Use
of the electrocardiogram as an aid in detection
of functional disturbances caused by toxic and
traumatic injuries was suggested.

Lisker, R., Trujeque, M., Barrera, A., and
Villalobos, J. Cirrosis del higado y ceguera al
color. (Hepatic cirrhosis and color blindness.)
Acta cientifica Venezolana (Caracas), 19 :202-
205, 1968.

Color blindness was investigated in 32
patients with hepatic cirrhosis. The obtained

incidence of. 18.8% is clearly larger than that
found in a comparison group. However,
various facts suggest that in the cirrhosis
patients the anomalies in color perception are
not of the conventional hereditary type. There
was no evidence that the condition occurred
more often in patients with Laennec’s cirrhosis
or in those with a history of severe alcoholism.
(Modified translated summary.)

Lorke, D. and Kimmerle, G. Die Wirkung von
Reacktivatoren bei der Vergiftung mit Phos-
phorsiiureestern. (The action of reactivators
in phosphoric acid ester poisoning.) Archiv
der Pharmazie und Berichte der deutschen
pharmazeutischen Gesellschaft (Weinheim),
263 :237-238, 1969.

Rats were poisoned with 22 different phos-
phoric acid esters and, when the first mani-
festations of poisoning appeared, were treated
with reactivators (2-PAM, Toxogonin) alone
and in combination with atropine. In no case
did this therapy increase the toxicity. In the
case of eight phosphoric acid esters (Asuntol,
Baytex, Chlorthion, Dimethoate, Folinthion,
Metasystox (i), Mipafox, Papthion), no
therapeutic effect or only a minor therapeutic
effect (increase of DIuso<50%) was attained.
The therapeutic effect was good (increase in
DLs. between 50 and 200 per cent in nine ©
Phosphoric acid esters (DDVP, Dipterex,
EPN, Folimat, Gusathion M, Gusathion A,
Metasystox R, Methylparathion, Sulfotep),
and it was very good (more than 200%) in
five phosphoric acid esters (Disyston, Para-
thion, Systox, TEPP, Terracur P). When
rats poisoned with phosphoric acid esters are
treated with reactivators, the therapeutic effect
depends considerably on the phosphoric acid
esters with which these animals were poisoned.
Combinations of reactivators with atropine
produced a clearly increased effect in some
cases of poisoning (DDVP, Folimat, Gusathion
M, Gusathion A, Metasystox R, Methylpara-
thion, Parathion, Systox, TEPP, Terracur P).

It is also assumed that the reactivators will
have a similar therapeutic effect in man. Since
no additional damage is to be expected if the
dosing is correct, we can say that reactivators
should always be included in the therapy of
phosphoric acid ester poisoning in man.
(Entire article.)



were compared with data from a comparison
group of telegraph operators. It was con-
cluded that the extreme occupational stress of
a mental and psychological nature (tension,
responsibility) which the controllers are sub-
ject to plus their tendency to show more signs
of fatigue necessitates a reduction in that stress
in order to maintain flight safety. The fol-
lowing recommenadtions for reducing occupa-
tional stress and fatigue were made: reasonable
shortening of work hours, favorable vacation
rules, improvements in working environment,
and organization of shift plans so that it would
be possible to limit hard day shifts to six hours.

Heller, A. Uber ein traumatisches Aortenaneu-
rysma und traumatische Insuffizienz der
Aortenklappen. (Concerning traumatic aneu-
rysm of the aorta and traumatic failure of the
aortic valves.) Deutsches Archiv fiir klinische
Medizin, 79 :306-310, 1904.

An unusual case of aortic aneurysm, in which
there was a pathologically—anatomically proven
connection between the aneurysm and an acci-
dent which happened almost a year before
death, is reported. Based upon autopsy find-
ings and the case history, it was concluded
that a very strong muscle action resulted in
the stretching of the aorta entrance and the
vending both of a piece of the aorta wall and

the beginnings of two aorta valves. Acute.

failure of the aorta valves and a great widen-
ing of the left ventricle resulted. In the course
of the following months, hypertrophy, growing
of a new layer over the rips in the wall, and
development of the aneurysm occurred.

Hildebrandt, H. J. Zur kombinierten Antidot-
therapie der tierexperimentellen Vergiftung
mit Tabun, Sarin, und Soman. (Combined
antidote therapy in animals poisoned with

Tabun, Sarin and Soman.) Archiv der
Pharmazie und Berichte dev deutschen
pharmazeutischen Gesellschaft (Weinheim),

263 :229-993, 1969.

The author presents results of experimental
antidote therapy on rats poisoned with certain
alkylphosphates. For obidoxime, P2S, and
HS 6, the PR values did not exceed 1.8 in
Tabun, Sarin and Soman poisoning. A com-
bination of obidoxime and atropine gives PR
values of 1.5 for Tabun, 6 for Sarin, and 1.2
for Soman poisoning. Therapy with a com-

bination of G 3063, triflupromazine and
obidoxim gives PR values of 22 for Tabun, 30
for Sarin, and 1.7 for Soman.

Houdas, Y. and Colin, J. Bchanges thermiques
et hydriques par les voies respiratoires de
Vhomme. (Heat and water exchanges in the
human respiratory tracts.) Pathology-Biology,
14 :229-238, 1966.

Within certain limits, a direct relationship
was found between the air temperature of in-
spired and expired air. For a given ambient
temperature, a rise in the water content of
inspired air is followed by a rise of expired air
temperature. The values of respiratory fre-
quency and of tidal volume had little or no in-
fluence on expired air temperature for a given
environment. From the experimental data, a
chart was drawn predicting the relationship of
expired air temperature to the water vapor
content of ambient air. This chart also permits
permits rapid determination of the water con-
tent of expired air and the calculation of the
total heat exchange by the respiratory tract.

Iwane, M., Ono, M., and Sawada, M. Effects of
Coriolis stimulus during mild centrifugal G
load upon stick performance. (In Japanese)
Japan Air Self-Defense Force, (Tachikawa,
Japan), Aeromedical Laboratory Reports,
8135-141, 1968.

The effects upon stick performance (main-
taining a control stick in a neutral position) of
Coriolis stimulation in a centrifuge at low level
G was investigated in 20 subjects. Results in-
dicate that incorrect right forward movements
of the stick occurred frequently with head
movements to the left during clockwise rotation.
of the centrifuge even at low levels of G.
Heart rate increased by more than 20 beats per
minute during stimulation and returned to the
pre-simulation level immediately after rotation
ceased. No horizontal or vertical ENG was
observed. It was concluded that subjective
symptoms stem from one’s predisposition to
motion sickness.

Kitzing, J., Kutta, D. and Bleichert, A.
Temperaturregulation bei langdauernder
schwerer kérperlicher Arbeit. (Thermo-regu-
lation during prolonged, stenuous exercise.)
Pfliigers Archiv fiir die gesamte Physiologie
des Menschen und der Tiere (Berlin) , 801 :241—
253, 1968.


cholamines. For this purpose, six persons
performing different activities were examined
for three days. The urine samples were
analyzed fluorometrically, and the level of
catecholamines (adrenaline and noradrenaline)
was stated in micrograms per 100 mg of urinary
creatine. Differences were found between three
occupational groups. Radar control work in-
volved significantly (p < .05) higher cate-
cholamine excretion (77.0) than duty officer’s
or ground control work (52.5) and undemand-
ing office work (45.5). (Translated summary.)

Schwab, W. and Ey, W. Das Hér-und
Gleichgewichtsorgan beim Menschen unter
akuter Alkoholeinwirkung; klinisch experi-
mentelle Ergebnisse und Méglichkeiten der
praktischen Auswertung. (The effects of acute
alcohol intoxication on the human hearing
organ and vestibular apparatus;  clinico-
experimental results and possibilities of prac-
tical utilization.) Mimechener medizinische
Wochenschrift, 97 658-662, 1955.

The hearing and balance systems of 21 sub-
jects, some with normal hearing and others
with a hearing disturbance, were tested prior
to and following consumption of alcohol. No
additional decrement in hearing was demon-
strated under the influence of alcohol. The
effect of alcohol upon the vestibular system was
evidence by the appearance of a direction-
changing positional nystagmus. This phe-
nomenon was felt to be of central origin.
Practical implications of the experimental
results are discussed such as the proposed use
of positional nystagmus with the blood alcohol
test for the evaluation of the traffic safety of
drivers.

Stadtmiiller, F. Zur Beurteilung der plastischen
Rekonstruktionsmethode der Physiognomie auf
dem Schadel. (On the evaluation of the plastic
reconstruction method of the physiognomy on

the skull.) Zeétschrift fiir Morphologie und
Anthropologie, 22 :337-872, 1921-1922.

This study was concerned with the import-
ance of measurements of soft-part thicknesses
for the determination of individual and racial
resemblances in the method of plastic facial
reconstruction on skulls, Fifteen reconstruc-
tions are discussed. It was concluded that in
this method of facial reconstruction, individual
resemblance will not be achieved by using only
average measurements of the thicknesses of
soft parts. Employing photographs and work-
ing within the most important of the average
measurements, individual resemblances could
be achieved. A greater degree of success was
achieved, however, in producing racial re-
semblance by the use of average soft part meas-
urements in the plastic reconstruction method.

Wegmann, H. M., Klein, R. E. and Bruner, H.
Die Auswirkung fliegerischer Belastung auf
einige Blutkomponenten. (The effects of flight
stress on some blood components.) Jnterna-
tionale Zeitschrift fiir angewandte Physiologie
einschliesslich Arbeitsphysiologie, 23:293-304,
1967.

Physiological effects of flight stress were
studied in jet pilots who were training on the
Starfighter F 104 G. Stress reactions to flying
were evaluated by blood determinations includ-
ing ATP, blood sugar (B2), ascorbic acid
(ASC), the free 11-hydroxy-corticosteroids
(11-OH-CS), and the activities of four cell
enzymes (ALD, GOT, GPT, MDH). The re-
sults indicated that MDH, GTP and 11-OH-
GS increase after difficult flights, ALD and
BZ increase after easy flights, ASC increases
after easy and night flights, ascorbic acid in-
creases with all flights, and corticoide decreases
during night flights. The changes in GOT and
ATP were not significant.

36274



TECHNICAL REPORT STANDARD TITLE PAGE

Ty Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No.
FAA-AM-71-5
4, Title and Subtitle 5. Report Deie

AVIATION MEDICINE TRANSLATIONS: ANNOTATED January 1971

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF RECENTLY TRANSLATED MATERIAL, VI. b

” Performing Organization Code

7, Author's) 8. Performing Organization Report No.

Ruth Ann Mertens, M.S. C. Dene Lacy
D. R. Goulden, M.S. Karen N. Jones, B.S.

9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No.
FAA Civil Aeromedical Institute
P. 0. Box 25082 11. Contract or Grant No.

Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73125

13. Type of Report and Period Covered

12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address
Office of Aviation Medicine
Federal Aviation Administration

OAM Report

800 Independence Avenue, S.W, 14. Sponsoring Agency Code

Washington, D.C. 20590

15. Supplementary Notes

16. Abstract
An annotated bibliography of translations of foreign-language articles is
presented. The 22 entries are concerned with studies in aviation medicine,
vestibular function, body temperature, color vision, cholinesterase,
nystagmus, alcohol, vestibulo-oculmotor function, anatomy, stress and
air traffic control work, flight stress, anti-smoke hoods, histology,
exercise, cardiology, histochemistry, air evacuation, respiration, and

toxicology. Procedures for obtaining copies of the translations are
included.
17. Key Words 18. Distribution Statement
Aviation medicine Availability is unlimited. Document may
Bibliographies be released to the Clearinghouse for
Physiology Federal Scientific and Technical
Information, Springfield, Virginia 22151,
for sale to the public.
19. Security Classif. (of this report) 20, Security Classif. (of this page) 21. No. of Pages | 22, Price
Unclassified Unclassified $3.00

Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-69)







Mies, H. Leibestibungen und Sport. (Physical
exercise and sports.) Miinchener medizinische
Wochenschrift, 109 :259-266, 1967.

A collection of critical summaries of 79
medical research articles related to physical
exercise and sports is presented. Topics covered
include: methodology of’ athletic-medical re-
search; heart, circulation, respiration and
metabolism; influence of climate; details of
different types of sports; pharmacology; and
sport pathology.

Morian, K. Beitrag zur klinischen Kenntnis der
Neuritis acustica alcoholica. (Contribution to
the clinical knowledge of neuritis acoustica
alcoholica.) Deutsche otologischen Gesellschaft
(Dresden), S.278-281, 1910.

A general description of alcoholic neuritis of
the eighth nerve is presented.

In the cases discussed, onset of the disease
was usually sudden and usualy affected both
sides. Results of functional tests seem to indi-
cate a genuine nerve deafness. In three cases,
disturbances of hearing were combined with
dysfunction of the vestibular apparatus.

Mouton, L, and Armand, G. Essai de cagoules
anti-fumées, (Test of fireproof anti-smoke
hoods.) Paris Airport Authority. Internal
Report, November 1969.

The Paris Airport Authority tested smoke
hoods developed by the Federal Aviation Ad-
ministration, U.S.A. The smoke hoods consist
of a semi-rigid plastic sack worn over the head
which resists temperatures as high as 1,200°C
and provides an air supply found to last. from
one minute and 15 seconds to two minutes and
30 seconds depending upon lung capacity and
activity. Hearing was not impaired, but vision
was hindered by moisture condensation after
about one minute of wearing. The use of
oxygen in conjunction with the hoods is dis-
cussed and modifications of the mask are
suggested.

Poisvert, M., Cara, M., Hurtaud, J. P., Caille, C.,
Ivanoff, S., and Galinski, R. Les moyens
d€vacuations aériens 4 Ja disposition d’un
service hospitalier parisien. (The air evacua-
tion means of transport at the disposal of a
Paris hospital service.) In Hannisdahl, B. and
Sem-Jacobsen, C. W. (Eds.) Aviation and
Space Medicine: Proceeding of the Seven-

teenth International Congress, p. 30-36. Oslo:
Universitetsforlaget, 1969.

A specialized service in secondary medical
transporation, intended to evacuate patients to
a specialized center from a hospital in which
treatment is insufficient, is described. Twenty
per cent of the transfers are made by air, using
either turbo- or piston-engined helicopters,
small turboprop, or medium- or long-range
aircraft equipped with standard medical units.
The expense of the service is counterbalanced
by the reduction in hospital stay and recovery
time.. However, it was concluded that some
type of regulation was required to avoid
abuses of patients.

Romanini, Attilio. Sul Significato istochimico
della colorazione degli acidi nucleici con la
cromogallocianina. (On the histochemical
significance of the coloration of the nucleic
acids with chromgallocyanin.) Mikroskopie
(Wien), 8 :374-879, 1953.

In order to test the efficiency of Chrom-
gallocyanin dyeing for the quantitative histo-
chemical determination of nucleic acid, the
author wanted to establish the influence, on
the dyeing capacity of histologic preparations,
of a simultaneous preparation or an after-
treatment for the destruction of nucleic acids.

Intensive examinations of the results indicate
that Chrom-gallocyanin is capable of dyeing
the deoxyribonucleic acid at pH 0.9, and that
treatments that made the ribonucleic acid un-
dyeable with other reactions do not influence
a dyeing with Chrom-gallocyanin at pH 0.9
and 1.7. Moreover, it could be observed that
the treatments made in order to remove the
nucleic proteins intensify the dyeing as well as
the purine bases and pyrimidine derivatives
which were not removed during the fixation
and the alcoholic dehydration. (Modified
English summary.)

Schaad, R., Gilgen, A., and Grandjean, E. Die
Ausscheidung von Katecholaminen beim Per-
sonal des Flugsicherungsdienstes. (Excretion
of catecholamines in air traffic control per-
sonnel.) Schweizerische medizinische Wochen-
schrift, 99 :889-892, 1969.

Investigations have been conducted into pro-
fessional stress on air traffic control officers
based on the determination of urinary cate-




FOREWORD

This annotated bibliography of recently translated, selected research
papers is presented as a scientific service of the Civil Aeromedical Institute
and the FAA Medical Librarian. The aims of the publication are: (a) to

provide interested researchers with information concerning translations of
foreign-language articles as soon as the translations are available; and (b) to

prevent duplication of translation costs and efforts.

In achieving these aims, bibliographic listing such as the present one are
necessarily limited in number. They are also limited by the range of activi-
ties represented in the agency preparing the material. Thus, selective
factors exist. Further, no attempt is made to evaluate the scientific worth
of a given article. By providing a central repository from which such trans-
lated material can be obtained, however, it is hoped that interested scientists
will derive otherwise unavailable benefits.

Copies of the translated material cited in this report may be obtained
by writing to the address below. Please provide the librarian with the com-
plete reference information.

Department of Transportation
Federal Aviation Administration
Civil Aeromedical Institute Library
AC-922

P.O. Box 25082

Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73125