U.S. Department of Energy • Office of Fossil Energy

N a t i o n a l E n e r g y Te c h n o l o g y L a b o r a t o r y
Message From the Director

This was an eventful year for the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL). It

was a year that reaffirmed the value of our work following the horrible terrorist

attacks of September 11, 2001. It underscored the importance of energy research as a

means to enhance national security. It demonstrated, once again, that technology

development helps build a healthy environment, a strong economy, and a brighter

future for our Nation and the world.

Shortly after President Bush was inaugurated in January 2001, his Administration

began crafting a new energy policy. The National Energy Policy report was issued in

May 2001. This 170-page plan urges action to meet five specific national goals:

• Modernize (increase) conservation efficiency,

• Modernize our energy infrastructure,

• Increase energy supplies,

• Accelerate the protection and improvement of the environment, and

• Increase our Nation’s energy security.

Rita A. Bajura

Director

National Energy Technology

Laboratory

The National Energy Policy includes 105 recommendations to promote dependable, affordable, and environmentally

sound energy for the future; 46 of these involve fossil energy—our Nation’s most abundant and affordable energy source

and the focus of much of our work here at NETL. As the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) fossil-energy research

laboratory, we are charged with developing technologies to provide affordable energy without compromising the quality

of life for future generations. Our portfolio of energy technologies includes coal-fired power generation; natural-gas-fired

power generation, including fuel cells and combustion turbines; carbon sequestration; gas and oil production and

transmission; and the production of clean liquid fuels for transportation and other end-use sectors.

To carry out our mission, we partner with industry, universities, other national and federal laboratories, private research

organizations, and other federal and state agencies. We have about 1,300 active research, development, and demonstration

activities at locations across the United States and in numerous other countries. We also conduct onsite research at our

laboratories in Morgantown and Pittsburgh.

In addition to our fossil energy activities, NETL supports other parts of DOE. For example, we support the development

and deployment of environmental technologies to reduce the cost and risk of remediating DOE’s weapons complex. We

support DOE’s goal to use best business and management practices. We run our organization like a business and are

accountable for the results.

This report describes our accomplishments during fiscal year 2001. It responds to the Government Performance and

Results Act of 1993 by describing how we have spent taxpayer funds. Please take the time to look at this second annual

accomplishments report. I believe the achievements speak for themselves.

Thank you,

Rita A. Bajura

Director, National Energy Technology Laboratory
Abbreviations

CABE (NETL) Center for Acquisition and

Business Excellence

CCPI Clean Coal Power Initiative

CFB circulating fluidized bed

CM corporate management

CRADA Cooperative Research and

Development Agreement

DDFA Deactivation and Decommissioning

Focus Area

DOE (U.S.) Department of Energy

D&D deactivation and decommissioning

E&P exploration and production

EIA Energy Information Administration

EMS Environmental Management

System

EPA Environmental Protection Agency

EPRI Electric Power Research Institute

EQ environmental quality

ER energy resources

FE (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy

FY fiscal year

HEET High-Efficiency Engines and

Turbines (program)

IGCC integrated gasification

combined-cycle

IOF Industries of the Future

ISM integrated safety management

MMIP Minority Mentoring and

Internship Program

MOU memorandum of understanding

NASA National Aeronautics and Space

Administration

NEP National Energy Policy

NETL National Energy Technology

Laboratory

NPTO National Petroleum Technology

Office

NS national nuclear security

PJM Pennsylvania, New Jersey,

Maryland Interconnection, LLC

R&D research and development

RD&D research, development, and

demonstration

SC science

SCNG Strategic Center for Natural Gas

SECA Solid State Energy Conversion

Alliance

Tcf trillion cubic feet

WIPP Waste Isolation Pilot Plant

NETL Accomplishments FY 2001 3

Contents

4 Securing America’s Energy

Future

6 NETL—Who We Are

8 NETL’s Contributions to

America’s Energy Future

10 NETL’s FY 2001 Program

Accomplishments

10 Energy Resources (ER)

22 Science (SC)

26 Environmental Quality (EQ)

28 National Nuclear Security (NS)

29 Corporate Management (CM)
Early in 2001, the lights went out in California. Blackouts rolled through the

State as electricity demand outstripped supply. Consumers were asked to

conserve and they responded, switching off lights and appliances only to see

their electricity bills soar. A common refrain for those sitting in the dark was,

“Why is this happening, and what can be done?”

The blackouts emphasized the importance of energy to our quality of life. On

January 17, 2001, the California Energy Commission provided tips on what to

do in a blackout: if you use candles for light, be careful to avoid starting a fire;

check on your elderly neighbors and those who may have medical conditions or

use medical equipment that operates on electricity; and remember that traffic

signals may be out and drive carefully.

The blackouts illustrated how critical energy is to our economic well being. The

Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), a non-profit energy research

consortium, estimated that just 2 days of blackouts in January 2001 cost

California businesses nearly $2 billion in lost productivity. Federal Reserve

Chairman Alan Greenspan warned at the time that prolonged energy troubles

threatened not only the economic health of California, but also the economic

well-being of the entire Nation.

While the reasons for California’s electricity crisis were unique, the

consequences of the blackouts were not. Our lives are made richer by reliable,

affordable energy. Interrupt the supply, or let the price of energy climb out of

reach, and our lives are disrupted. We may not think very often about where

energy comes from, but if it’s not available, we sure wonder where it went.

The knowledge that our efforts contribute to the well-being of our families, our

communities, and our country drives the work we do here at the National

Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL). As the U.S. Department of Energy

(DOE), Office of Fossil Energy (FE) research laboratory, we develop

technologies to use our abundant fossil resources more cleanly and efficiently.

Our work helps to produce, transport, and use the energy you depend on, at

prices you can afford, without harming our environment.

America’s economic engine is powered by fossil fuels. Coal, oil, and natural gas

supply 85 percent of the Nation’s total energy, 68 percent of its electricity, and

nearly all of its transportation fuels. It is estimated that fossil fuels will supply

87 percent of our Nation’s energy by 2020. America’s abundance of coal and

natural gas, and the low costs of these fuels, are the main reasons why U.S.

consumers benefit from some of the lowest energy costs of any free-market

economy.

4 NETL Accomplishments FY 2001

“Our Nation must have a

. . . broad, comprehensive

energy strategy, that calls

upon the best of the

Nation’s entrepreneurs to

help us develop the

technologies necessary to

make wise choices in the

marketplace, as well as

calls upon our Nation’s

innovative technologies to

help us find new sources

of energy.”

President George W. Bush, Remarks

to Department of Energy employees,

June 28, 2001

Securing

America’s

Energy Future
The technologies we have developed with our industry partners have made fossil fuels cleaner than ever before. New

technologies have reduced waste, noise, and emissions; preserved water resources, habitats, and wildlife; and enhanced

worker safety. Emissions that lead to smog, acid rain, and regional haze are mere fractions of what they were 30 years

ago. The “footprint” for oil and gas wells—the land area required for drilling the well and producing gas and oil—is a

tenth of what it was in the 1970s.

This report examines our accomplishments during fiscal year (FY) 2001 in energy supply, reliability, and affordability;

our achievements in policy support and environmental issues; and our contributions to best business practices within

DOE. We discuss our accomplishments in sections that match DOE performance goals and our business lines: energy

resources, science, environmental quality, and national nuclear security. We also discuss corporate management goals,

which support our business lines.

We are inspired by what we do, and excited to share the results with you. We want you to know what we are doing to

secure America’s energy future by providing reliable, affordable, clean energy.

NETL Accomplishments FY 2001 5

“ Energy impacts our

quality of life. Energy

impacts our environment.

Energy has a profound

impact on our economy.

Energy has a profound

impact on all aspects of

[our] lives.”

Rita A. Bajura, NETL Director, Speech at

6th Natural Gas Conversion Symposium,

Girdwood, Alaska, June 17-22, 2001

Securing America’s Energy Future
NETL—Who

We Are NETL is the fossil energy laboratory for DOE, providing expertise in fossil

energy supply, delivery, and end-use technologies. Our mission is to (1) resolve

the environmental, supply, and reliability constraints of producing and using

fossil resources; and (2) support the development and deployment of

environmental technologies to clean up DOE’s weapons complex. Our vision

is to be the preferred provider of energy technology and policy options that

benefit the public.

The history of NETL dates back to 1910 when the mission was to train coal

operators and miners and to develop innovative coal-mining safety equipment

and practices. Then in the 1940s, the mission incorporated synthetic fuel

development, and by the mid-1970s, the organization began managing

contracted research work.

In the 1990s, NETL’s focus expanded to include work in environmental

remediation as a constructive approach for cleaning up DOE sites that contained

radioactive, chemical, and other hazardous wastes left behind after 50 years of

nuclear weapons production.

In 1996, the fossil energy research centers in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and

Morgantown, West Virginia, merged under single management to become

the Federal Energy Technology Center. In 1999, the center was elevated to

national laboratory status and renamed the National Energy Technology

Laboratory, becoming DOE’s 17th national laboratory. A Strategic Center for

Natural Gas (SCNG) and six onsite research focus areas were created. In 2000,

the National Petroleum Technology Office (NPTO) in Tulsa, Oklahoma, became

part of NETL.

Today, NETL’s contracted programs comprise over 1,000 joint governmentindustry projects in all 50 states. These projects are carried out through various

contracting arrangements with corporations, small businesses, universities, and

other national laboratories and government agencies.

As a federal organization, NETL does not compete with its partners to

commercialize technologies; our partnerships support research, development,

and demonstration (RD&D) programs that lead to commercialized products

and services for the American public. Early in the RD&D process, these

partnerships can benefit from intellectual contributions and cost-sharing with

the private sector, bringing about a better understanding of end-user needs

and providing an intrinsic technology-transfer mechanism to accelerate the

deployment of new technologies in the marketplace.

6 NETL Accomplishments FY 2001

“In the last 20 years, . . .

employees at this center

[NETL] . . . have been

responsible for roughly

$4 billion of clean-coal

research, development, and

demonstration. [This

translates to] more than

$100 billion of benefits to

the U.S. economy, if we

project forward through the

year 2020. These benefits

are in terms of cleaner air,

lower electric bills, and a

greater energy security . . .”

Spencer Abraham, Secretary of Energy,

Remarks during his visit to NETL,

March 1, 2001
NETL—Who We Are

NETL Accomplishments FY 2001 7

Carbon

Sequestration

Science

stabilizing atmospheric

CO2 levels

Gas Energy

Systems

Dynamics

gaseous-fueled

power generation

systems

Computational

Energy Science

virtual demonstrations

of energy plants of

the future

Ultraclean Fuels

for high-efficiency

transportation

systems

FY 2001 Contracted RD&D

FY 2001: Shaping, Funding, and Managing Contracted RD&D

• 1,300 research activities in all 50 states and with 26 countries.

• Total award value of $7.4 billion.

• Private-sector cost-sharing of $3.8 billion.

- Leverages DOE funding,

- Ensures relevance, and

- Helps achieve commercialization.

• 58 active memoranda of understanding or agreement.

FY 2001: Conducting Onsite Science and Technology Research

• Corporate research and development (R&D) function for DOE FE.

- Long-range exploratory research, and

- Enabling science for energy technologies.

• Research laboratories at Morgantown and Pittsburgh.

• Involves one third of NETL’s federal staff.

• Key integration facilities for university collaboration.

• Focal point for regional scientific initiatives.

• 22 active CRADAs.

• Technical leadership to support program development.

Vision 21 Advanced Power Systems

pollution-free modular energy plants

Environmental Research

air, soil, and water

characterization/treatment

NETL’s

Six Onsite Research

Focus Areas
NETL’s

Contributions

to America’s

Energy Future

The Federal Government’s investment in fossil energy continues to pay

dividends. Technological advancement, driven in large part by DOE’s

partnerships with industry, is one reason why Americans continue to benefit

from relatively low energy costs compared to those in the rest of the world. This

is one of NETL’s major contributions to America’s energy future.

New technologies have led to remarkable progress in reducing the amount of

pollutants emitted by fossil-fuel-fired power plants. For example, since 1970,

emissions of sulfur and nitrogen pollutants from the average U.S. coal-fired

power plant have declined by 70 percent and 45 percent, respectively. This has

enabled coal use to more than double while allowing the United States to meet

its clean air objectives.

NETL’s products include many diverse technologies:

• Fluidized-bed combustors that capture sulfur inside the combustion

chamber—now sold by every major boiler manufacturer,

• Low-nitrogen oxides (NOX) burners—now found in 75 percent of the Nation’s

coal-fired power capacity,

• Gasification combined-cycle power systems—now operating in Florida and

Indiana,

• Ultrahigh efficiency gas turbines—being installed at a power plant in New

York, and

• Fuel cells—being demonstrated at many sites across the country.

Technological advances have resulted in today’s “footprint” for oil and gas

wells (the land area required for drilling the well and its completion if the

well is successful) being one-tenth the size of wells drilled in the 1970s. Better

detection and drilling tools have nearly doubled success rates in finding new

oil and gas supplies, resulting in fewer dry holes and less environmental

disturbance. Oil fields that would have been abandoned in Utah and Kansas

continue to operate because of improved technology demonstrated in DOE’s

8 NETL Accomplishments FY 2001

U.S. coal-fired electric utilities

have a remarkable legacy of

success in reducing emissions.

“My Administration is

committed to cutting our

Nation’s greenhouse gas

intensity—how much we

emit per unit of economic

activity—by 18 percent

over the next 10 years.

[This] . . . will prevent over

500 million metric tons of

greenhouse gases from

going into the atmosphere

. . . the equivalent of taking

70 million cars off the

road.”

President George W. Bush, Address at National

Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,

February 14, 2002
NETL Accomplishments FY 2001 9

programs. Cooperation between DOE and the private sector in developing

horizontal drilling helped to revitalize oil fields in Michigan and gas production

in the Rocky Mountains. “Secondary gas recovery” development has done the

same for gas fields in South Texas and the Midwest.

Many of the major accomplishments cited in this summary have translated

directly into measurable energy, environmental, and economic benefits:

• Increasing Producible Gas Resources. DOE-industry partnerships in

developing advanced technologies have added more than 100 trillion cubic

feet (Tcf) of producible gas resources, resulting in increased production while

adding to our proven natural gas reserve base. These gains span several types

of gas resources—tight gas formations, coalbed methane, and mature

producing fields; and represent a wide spectrum of geographic locations—the

Rocky Mountains, the Midwest, and the Gulf of Mexico. DOE committed to

R&D for coalbed methane and gas production from shale when it was too

risky to attract industry support. Our program helped develop technologies so

that today, coalbed methane and gas from shale provide about 7 percent of

domestic gas production.

• Oil and Gas Economic and Energy Benefits. Projected cumulative benefits

that will result from NETL’s oil and natural gas technology programs between

now and 2020 are

- Over 2.4 billion barrels of incremental oil production—0.7 billion barrels or

29 percent of this from federal lands,

- Approximately 57 Tcf of incremental gas production—23 Tcf or 40 percent of this

from federal lands,

- Savings of $60 billion in environmental compliance costs,

- $26 billion in incremental federal tax revenues,

- $5 billion in incremental state tax revenues, and

- $9 billion in revenues for royalties on production from federal lands.

• Fluidized-Bed Technology. DOE’s investment in fluidized-bed technology

has resulted in every major U.S. boiler manufacturer offering this costeffective method for burning virtually any low-grade fuel, while reducing the

amount of air emissions. In Pennsylvania alone, from 1990 to 2000, fluidizedbed combustors reduced the costs of producing electricity by nearly a quarter

of a billion dollars by burning waste coal cleanly.

• Advanced Turbine Systems. The Advanced Turbine Systems government/

industry partnership produced a new generation of high-efficiency turbines,

and the first commercial order has been booked. Turbines delivered through

2005 are expected to save consumers more than $8 billion over the systems’

30-year life.

• Selective Catalytic Reduction. Federal investment in selective catalytic

reduction, a technology for reducing NOX emissions from power plants, has

reduced the costs of this technology by nearly 50 percent, translating to a

savings of more than $17 billion over the lifetime of units installed through

2005 across the United States.

NETL’s Contributions to America’s Energy Future

Outcomes From

NETL’s Programs

Technology

Assists in providing the

United States with acceptable,

affordable, and available energy

in the mid to longer term.

Policy

Positively impacts the

development of sound

energy policies.

Competitiveness

Helps maintain the

technological competitiveness

of the U.S. energy industry.

Stability

Appropriately transfers

technology to developing

countries to improve

geopolitical stability and

reduce global climate

change.

Work Force

Provides a trained energy

work force through university

research programs.

Region

Promotes regional

economic development.
The goals of DOE are to advance the Nation’s energy, environmental,

economic, and national security. According to DOE’s Annual Performance

Plan for FY 2002, goals are accomplished within DOE’s four-business-line

framework: Energy Resources, Science, Environmental Quality, and National

Nuclear Security. The business lines are supported by Corporate

Management, which comprises environmental, safety, and health issues;

good business practices; and communication and trust.

The objectives used to determine NETL’s FY 2001 accomplishments are

based on objectives contained in DOE’s Annual Performance Plan for

FY 2002. More specifically, within each of the four business lines, there are

specific objectives, measurements, and strategies for achieving DOE’s goals.

NETL plays an important role in ensuring that DOE meets those objectives.

Energy Resources (ER)—Promote the

development and deployment of energy

systems and practices that will provide

current and future generations with energy

that is clean, reasonably priced, and reliable.

NETL’s vision is to be a recognized national leader in fossil energy

technologies, providing technology and policy options to ensure that the

United States has a reliable, affordable, and environmentally sound energy

supply. This means reducing the vulnerability of the U.S. economy to

energy-supply disruptions; ensuring that competitively priced electricity is

available; increasing the efficiency and productivity of energy use;

supporting U.S. environmental, energy, and economic interests in a global

market; and carrying out information collection, analysis, and research.

Fossil Fuels Today

• Provide 85% of U.S. energy,

• Are projected to provide 87% of

U.S. energy in 2020,

• Should last throughout this century,

and

• Have an infrastructure for low-cost

delivery.

NETL’s FY 2001

Program

Accomplishments

10 NETL Accomplishments FY 2001

“ Societies will, of course,

wish to exercise

prudence in deciding

which technologies . . .

are to be pursued and

which not. But without

funding basic research,

without supporting the

acquisition of knowledge

for its own sake, our

options become

dangerously limited.”

Astronomer Dr. Carl Sagan

(1934-1996)
ER1—Promote reliable, affordable, clean, and diverse domestic

fuel supplies.

Reservoir Class Revisit Program—The Reservoir Class Revisit program,

which began in 1998, was designed to revisit the first three oil reservoir classes

that address new technology applications in different regions of the country. The

purpose was to exploit the knowledge and developments already made by the

program; the original projects are now mature enough to permit such evaluation.

These projects show near-term benefits, but the benefits are compounded with

time and often occur after the projects expire. The success is the technology

transfer and the applications of these technologies across the resource base.

During FY 2001, DOE FE awarded 10 projects from 27 submitted proposals

under the Revisit program. DOE funding was $23 million, and the industry cost

share was $46 million. The following demonstrations, when applied to other oil

fields, could mean economical recovery of up to 4 billion barrels of oil.

• The Pru Lease project turned an abandoned lease into a million-barrel

producer. This California oil field was brought back to life using advanced

seismic and steam-flooding technologies.

• Continuous carbon dioxide (CO2) injection and gravity drainage in the

naturally fractured Spraberry Trend was effectively demonstrated. Improved

waterflood techniques were used.

• The Lost Hills Field, California, project shows a tenfold increase in oil

production using CO2 injection. Core/fluid analysis, borehole imaging,

nuclear-magnetic-resonance logging, numerical simulation, and cross-well

seismic techniques were used to characterize the reservoir.

• In the West Texas East Ford field, the CO2 flooding project showed that good

reservoir characterization can lead to successful applications. Results so far

show that oil production has increased sixfold using these technologies.

• Good results were achieved in a new horizontal drilling program in a New

Mexico underdeveloped Delaware formation.

Stripper Well Consortium Technologies—NETL established an industrydriven, national stripper well consortium focusing on technology issues related

to low-producing oil and gas wells (called stripper wells) that are predominantly

owned and operated by small independent producers. Over 190,000 stripper gas

wells and 419,000 stripper oil wells exist, contributing roughly 8 percent and

27 percent of the total conterminous U.S. gas and oil production, respectively.

The purpose of the selected projects is to develop technologies to improve the

production performance of stripper oil and gas wells. The projects have ties to

ten states covering the Appalachian, Southwest, and Rocky Mountain regions of

the United States.

NETL Accomplishments FY 2001 11

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Energy Resources (ER)

A horsehead pump is used to extract crude

oil from a well. This type of pump can lift

oil 10,000 feet or more.

NETL provides cooperative support to

smaller independent companies to develop

new or improved technologies.
Natural Gas Exploration and Production R&D—Exploration and

production (E&P) R&D is lowering the cost of gas that is being produced from

increasingly more difficult and complex geological formations. NETL selected

two projects in August 2001:

• The first project will develop a high-speed method of transmitting data from

the bottom of a wellbore through the drill string to operators at the surface.

• The second project will resolve one of the primary impediments to obtaining

high-resolution, three-dimensional images of deep and complex gas

reservoirs.

NETL selected two other firms in August 2001 to develop advanced methods

for locating and producing low-permeability gas reservoirs:

• One project will develop a three-dimensional model that will give gas

producers valuable information on where gas “sweet spots” are located.

• The second project will improve the performance and lower the cost of

hydraulic fracturing—where water is injected under high pressure to open

fractures in dense sandstone rocks, which frees trapped gas.

Diagnostics and Imaging Needs Identified—NETL hosted a collaborative

Diagnostics and Imaging Workshop in Houston, Texas, on February 27 and 28,

2001. The purpose was to gather government and industry input on diagnostics

and imaging needs for oil and gas R&D. NETL analyzed the workshop results

and formulated a solicitation for collaborative resolution of critical R&D needs.

Natural Gas Infrastructure—A secure and reliable U.S. natural gas

distribution, storage, and transmission infrastructure is essential to continued

availability of clean, affordable energy. Demand growth means that the existing

infrastructure must be significantly expanded at considerable capital investment.

NETL-sponsored vision and road-map workshops with industry during the

summer of 2000 brought new focus to advanced technology needs.

In May 2001, the first set of 11 industry infrastructure projects was selected to

develop high-tech ways to improve the safety and performance of the Nation’s

gas delivery system. Included in the array of innovations are new types of

miniature robots and other sophisticated detection devices that can pinpoint

leaks or corrosion in both the large gas transmission lines that crisscross the

country and the smaller distribution lines that deliver gas to homes and

businesses. As examples, one project will develop an automated warning system

to prevent nearby digging from damaging buried pipelines, and another will

study how a natural pepper extract might prevent a pipeline from corroding.

12 NETL Accomplishments FY 2001

“ We need to focus on

programs that help

America increase its

supply of energy by

increased domestic

production; that help us

identify a wider array of

not only the types of

sources of energy, but

also the geographic

sources of energy.”

Spencer Abraham, Secretary of Energy,

Remarks at Quarterly Leadership Meeting,

DOE, October 2001

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Energy Resources (ER)

Research has reduced the costs of

drilling by reducing the size of the

footprint required.
Deep Drilling—A Deep Trek Workshop held in March 2001

in Houston, Texas, was cosponsored by Sandia National

Laboratories. Industry presenters detailed their needs for an R&D

program. The workshop produced an R&D road map for

advanced smart drilling systems, drilling and completion fluids,

completion-based well design, and drilling diagnostics and sensor

systems. NETL formulated a solicitation that will likely result in

collaborative efforts to develop the technologies necessary to

reduce drilling costs and enhance the economics of deep

hydrocarbon resources.

Clean Fuels—NETL completed a long-duration synthesis gas

conversion test at the DOE-owned LaPorte, Texas, Alternative

Fuels Development Unit for production of advanced ultraclean

fuels to be used in engine testing. This joint government-industry

effort represents the first step and a significant milestone in

opening the facility to technology developers who wish to fund

100 percent of the operation costs.

The Ion Transport Membrane Syngas project will develop and

demonstrate a ceramic membrane reactor from laboratory- to

pre-commercial-scale. The novel syngas reactor separates oxygen

from air and then delivers the oxygen for use in partially

oxidizing methane to a synthesis gas (carbon monoxide and

hydrogen) in a single step.

• This technology can then be coupled with a Fischer-Tropsch

reactor for subsequent conversion to environmentally friendly,

liquid, transportation fuels.

• Successful development of this technology could result in a

25- to 30-percent reduction in liquid production costs over

conventional technologies.

• This technology can be used for economic recovery of more

than 30 Tcf of stranded Alaska North Slope gas.

Laboratory-scale tests of thin film membranes demonstrated

oxygen fluxes that could achieve greater than 30 percent in

capital cost savings with the syngas system compared to a

conventional oxygen-blown auto-thermal reformer. To further

develop and verify the performance capabilities of the processing

system, construction of a 24,000 standard-cubic-feet-per-day

process development unit was completed and commissioning

was initiated.

NETL Accomplishments FY 2001 13

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Energy Resources (ER)

The Deep Trek initiative is designed

to develop technologies that make it

economically feasible to produce

deep oil and gas resources.

We must ensure “. . . our

energy security by

strengthening our ability

to identify and protect the

critical infrastructure that

supports the production

and delivery of energy in

America.”

Spencer Abraham, Secretary of Energy,

Remarks at Quarterly Leadership Meeting,

DOE, October 2001
Methane Hydrates—Methane hydrate R&D program activities were

expanded. Estimates are that in-place gas hydrate resources in the United States

are two to three orders of magnitude greater than conventional natural gas

resources.

• A panel of experts from industry, academia, and the Federal Government now

advises DOE on potential applications of methane hydrates, assists in

developing recommendations and priorities for the national methane hydrate

program, and assists in reporting results and progress of the program to

Congress.

• As part of the effort to foster communication among the partner organizations

and others involved in methane hydrate R&D, NETL launched a national

methane hydrate R&D website, and distributed the inaugural issue of a

methane hydrate newsletter.

• NETL selected six new projects in October 2001 valued at almost $48 million

to determine whether hydrates are tomorrow’s new gas frontier, or a

dangerous foe for future drillers. Drilling and producing hydrates may well

pose enormous challenges: as hydrates dissociate into water or ice and

methane, instabilities can be created within the sea floor or the wellbore.

These projects are exploring technologies to locate and either avoid or deal

with potential problem areas associated with hydrate production.

• NETL scientists made engineering calculations to address sea-floor stability

issues related to gas hydrate recovery. Laboratory measurements were made

for the first time on equilibrium properties of gas hydrate rock. These

measurements are critical to improving the accuracy of field-test simulations.

This NETL research group is interacting with more than 50 government,

university, and private sector firms.

• NETL cosponsored a methane hydrates exploration-sampling cruise from

July 2 to 19, 2001, in the Gulf of Mexico. Texas A&M University used a new

drill unit, the “hydrate microdrill,” on a submersible vehicle called the

Johnson Sea Link to collect hydrate samples from the sea floor.

ER2—Promote reliable, affordable, and clean transformation of

fuel supplies into electricity and related products.

Gasification Technologies—NETL and DOE FE, in partnership with the

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Gasification Technologies

Council, and the Southern States Energy Board, conducted technical workshops

to improve the understanding of state and federal regulations, the environmental

attributes of gasification technology, and critical technical and environmental

performance data. The purpose was to facilitate the permitting process for

gasification-based plants. In addition, NETL held 22 meetings with key

stakeholders. These meetings provided significant input to the direction of the

Gasification Technologies R&D program, and helped to stimulate future

commercial interest in the technologies.

14 NETL Accomplishments FY 2001

“ In the United States, at least,

increasing amounts of

unconventional resources will

be needed to meet demand

growth. Where will we get this

gas, and at what cost? Will

there be enough affordable

natural gas to meet demand?

If we in the research

community are successful in

developing cost-effective

technology to produce

methane hydrates, they will

become conventional. Post

2020, we believe they could

start to make an important

contribution to [our] gas

supply.”

Rita A. Bajura, NETL Director, Speech at First

Meeting of the International Committee on

Methane Hydrates, Honolulu, Hawaii,

March 7, 2001

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Energy Resources (ER)

Methane Burning From Hydrates

Estimates are that in-place gas hydrate

resources in the United States are two

to three orders of magnitude greater

than conventional natural gas resources.
Advanced Materials for the Repowering Market—NETL, working with U.S.

utility boiler makers, EPRI, and the State of Ohio coal program, successfully

formed a team of government and industrial corporations to develop materials for

supercritical power systems. The goal is to develop advanced materials to extend

the supercritical boiler operating range to as much as 1,600 °F, and to have 50- to

55-percent efficient supercritical systems available for repowering by 2008 to

2010. Since virtually pollution-free Vision 21 energy plants are not scheduled to be

on-line until after 2015, plants that use advanced materials are needed during this

interim period.

Circulating Fluidized-Bed (CFB) Combustion—DOE’s investment in

fluidized-bed technology has resulted in the successful completion of the design

phase of Jacksonville Electric’s 300-megawatt electric, CFB combustion plant.

Construction is essentially complete and commercial operation using coal is

expected by mid to late FY 2002. This plant will be the largest CFB unit in the

United States and one of the world’s cleanest coal-fired plants with ultralow NOX

emissions at 0.09 lb/million Btu.

Computer Modeling—NETL researchers predicted non-isothermal flow patterns

in the filter vessel at the Power Systems Development Facility in Wilsonville,

Alabama, and conducted cold-flow tests of several configurations, which assisted

in successful operations at the facility. Researchers used a computational fluid

dynamics code to simulate coal-biomass combustion and validated the code with

onsite data.

Power Plant Improvement Initiative—As a follow-on to the Clean Coal

Technology Demonstration program, eight projects were selected under the Power

Plant Improvement Initiative. Of the projects selected, five were technologies

aimed at reducing power plant emissions, two were chosen to improve advanced

process controls, and the final project will examine the problems of waste handling

and disposal. These projects have a total value in excess of $110 million, including

the DOE share of about $55 million.

Clean Coal Power Initiative—NETL planned for a government-industry

partnership to implement the National Energy Policy (NEP) goal of producing

increased electric power from coal. This partnership, called the Clean Coal Power

Initiative (CCPI), will fund commercial-scale demonstrations of technologies to

ensure the reliability of the Nation’s energy supply from existing and new electric

generating facilities. The CCPI will complement core R&D, carbon sequestration,

and other programs to ensure that the United States can continue to enjoy the

economic benefits that derive from coal remaining as a viable energy resource well

into the 21st century. Two billion dollars is expected to be applied to the Initiative

over the next 10 years. The ultimate goal is reduction of emissions, increased

efficiencies, lower costs, and improved reliability of our Nation’s

electricity supply system.

NETL Accomplishments FY 2001 15

“ Public opinion is

increasingly linking

mining with end-use in

power plants. [But] for

coal-fired power plants,

since 1970, SO2

emissions are down by

more than two-thirds,

NOX emissions are down

by almost half, and

particulate emissions are

less than one-tenth of

1970 levels. This

technological progress

will enable coal use [for

electricity] generation to

triple between 1970 and

2005.”

Rita A. Bajura, NETL Director, Speech at

Mineral Economics and Management

Society Tenth Annual Conference,

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, April 4-6, 2001

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Energy Resources (ER)

The CCPI will fund commercial-scale

demonstrations of technologies to ensure the

reliability of the Nation’s energy supply.
High-Efficiency Engines and Turbines Program—NETL completed a report to Congress for the High Efficiency

Engines and Turbines (HEET) program. This program is key to achieving the NEP goal of a secure, reliable, and

affordable source of electricity. The HEET program uses science and technology to advance four fundamental technology

elements: advanced systems analysis, and simple/combined-cycle, hybrid-cycle, and technology-base development. To

accomplish these goals, R&D will be performed in five major areas: materials, combustion, aero-thermal technology,

instrumentation/condition monitoring, and design tools. The program will infuse technology into advanced power systems

such as Vision 21 and fuel-cell/turbine hybrids.

Numerous advanced turbine R&D projects supportive of the HEET program and Vision 21 objectives were selected over

the past year. Four R&D projects were selected in August 2001 to extend the life and improve the operations of advanced

gas-fired turbine systems:

• Two projects will focus on protecting turbine components from erosion at the high temperatures at which modern-day

gas turbines operate.

• Two projects will study ways to improve the stability and performance of turbines, also with a goal of lengthening their

useful operating life.

Power Engineering “Project of the Year”—NETL received the “Project of the Year” award from Power Engineering

magazine at the Power-Gen conference in December 2001 for the Advanced Turbine Systems program. This is the first

time DOE has won this award for one of its R&D activities. The award cites the joint government-industry development

effort that began in 1992 and culminated recently in the commercial introduction of a new generation of advanced utilityscale turbine systems.

Fuel-Cell/Turbine Hybrids for Distributed Generation—Two of the best technologies for distributed generation are

the fuel cell and the microturbine—but an even better approach may be a hybrid of both technologies. Two types of fuelcell/turbine hybrid were being tested in spring 2001. A third hybrid system was added to the R&D program, which

contains a Honeywell flat planar design that may offer greater power density—that is, more kilowatts of power per cubic

inch of material. In December 2000, two advanced technology R&D projects were selected to develop a new gas-turbine

combustion system and a Smart Power Turbine sensor-and-control system.

16 NETL Accomplishments FY 2001

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Energy Resources (ER)

Fuels cells are one of the most promising

new distributed generation technologies

for meeting the Nation’s energy needs.

Fuel Cells—Fuel cells are one of the most promising new distributed

generation technologies for meeting the Nation’s energy needs well into the

21st century. NETL and FE are sponsoring the development and demonstration

of several advanced fuel cells. Because fuel cells don’t rely on combustion and

operate much more efficiently than traditional power plants, they release

25 to 50 percent less heat-trapping CO2 than today’s natural-gas- or coal-fired

power generators. The NETL-managed portfolio of currently active or recently

completed fuel cell installations consists of 68 phosphoric acid units, 48 proton

exchange membrane units, 4 molten carbonate units, and 3 solid oxide units.

These demonstrations are effectively stimulating a major expansion in the U.S.

fuel-cell manufacturing capability.

FuelCell Energy, Inc., completed over 11,000 hours in validation and endurance

testing of a 250-kilowatt (kW) Direct FuelCell®. In November 2001, the

company announced a 50-MW-per-year production capability in fuel cells at the

company’s new manufacturing facility in Torrington, Connecticut.
Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance (SECA)—SECA comprises commercial developers, universities, national

laboratories, and government agencies. The purpose is to develop the all-solid-state fuel cell concept. NETL and the

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Washington, are the driving forces behind SECA. The goal is to cut

the costs of fuel cells to as low as a tenth of the cost of currently marketed systems and to only a third of the cost of the

more advanced concepts now beginning to reach commercial readiness. At $400/kW or less, these future fuel cells could

find widespread market acceptance well beyond the niche applications of today’s systems. In FY 2001, efforts began

under SECA to develop the 5-kW solid-state fuel cell. Four industry teams were selected in August 2001 to initiate SECA

efforts, which should lead to the wide deployment of fuel cell technology into every energy sector.

Ambient Air Sampling for Particulates—Scientists collected and analyzed a year’s worth of tiny particulate (PM2.5)

ambient air samples in the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, area. They developed methods for identifying the sources of fine

particles based on specialized analytical chemistry techniques. NETL researchers correlated release of metals by coal

combustion byproducts to mineral content, and developed a batch-leaching test for these byproducts. As part of the

Upper Ohio River Valley Project, NETL delivered 2 years of high-quality PM2.5 ambient monitoring data to the EPA

Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. This research project responds to the 1997 PM2.5 National Ambient Air

Quality Standards. The purpose is to better understand the relationship between emissions from coal-based power systems

and air quality.

Carbon Sequestration Science—NETL held national and regional workshops on carbon sequestration technology and

started a one-of-a-kind high-pressure water tunnel for studies of CO2 sequestration in deep ocean environments, including

gas hydrate phenomena. NETL conducted experimental and theoretical estimates of the parameters needed to stabilize

drops of CO2 in sea water. New discoveries of monoethanolamine degradation pathways will improve CO2 capture by

reducing losses of expensive makeup chemicals. New fundamental insights and physics-based models of carbon

sequestration flows in porous rock were developed that will improve reservoir simulations. Basic laboratory information

was developed on interactions of CO2 with coals that will be used in models to support field-testing of coalbed

sequestration.

• NETL funded three multi-national projects to study (1) CO2 capture and storage, (2) terrestrial sequestration, and

(3) storage of CO2 in oil reservoirs. The projects will provide much needed data for development of full-scale

demonstrations as well as models to adequately address the safety, monitoring, and verification of sequestration

approaches.

• Initial results in NETL onsite R&D sequestration activities were showcased at the First National Conference on Carbon

Sequestration, sponsored by NETL and held in Washington, D.C., in May 2001. This conference provided a forum for

technical exchanges on the new, groundbreaking approaches to capturing and sequestering greenhouse gases associated

with energy production and utilization that are being conducted at NETL and throughout the world.

Multi-Pollutant Control Strategies—NETL developed a portfolio of advanced affordable emissions control

technologies in response to emerging multi-pollutant control strategies. The technologies being developed include

systems to reduce mercury and NOX emissions from coal-based power systems. NOX technologies are focused on

achieving emission levels of 0.15 lb NOX per million Btu at three-fourths of the cost of selective catalytic reduction.

NETL researchers are conducting first-of-a-kind field testing of mercury controls capable of 50- to 70-percent mercury

capture at half the cost of current technology. In addition, NETL is developing six new mercury control concepts that

potentially can reduce mercury by 90 percent and that would be available for commercial-scale testing around 2010.

NETL Accomplishments FY 2001 17

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Energy Resources (ER)
ER3—Increase the efficiency and productivity of energy use,

while limiting environmental impacts.

Industries of the Future (IOF) Program—NETL completed the timely

negotiation and award of 16 new Mining IOF crosscutting technology projects

with a federal cost share of $8 million in DOE funding over 3 years. The Mining

IOF, a collaboration between the U.S. mining industry and the DOE Office of

Industrial Technologies, is working to make the U.S. mining industry the most

efficient and advanced in the world. These new 50-50 federal-industry costshared cooperative agreements bring the number of active projects in the

program to 26. NETL completed and issued the third solicitation in the Mineral

Processing Technologies IOF, and coordinated and completed the industry

proposal evaluation process.

Building Technologies—Homes and commercial buildings consume more than

36 percent of the Nation’s energy, as well as two-thirds of all electricity generated.

Over the past 2 years, NETL substantially expanded partnerships with utilities,

retailers, manufacturers, building contractors, and communities on behalf of the

DOE Office of Building Technology, State and Community Programs. These

programs support development and deployment of innovative technologies that

could offer significant energy savings in residential and commercial buildings. In

FY 2001, our government procurement program resulted in a 33-percent increase

in the portfolio of retailers promoting the use of Energy Star-labeled products. The

fiscal year increase of 2,200 retailers exceeded DOE’s Annual Performance Plan

target of 500 new partners by 340 percent.

ER4—Inform public policy makers, energy industries, and the

general public by providing reliable energy information.

Electricity Supply and Demand Characterization—Characterizing demand

helps understand and define the market for new technologies. Characterization

of the Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland (PJM) Interconnection was

completed. PJM is the largest centrally dispatched electric control area in North

America, and the third largest in the world. The characterization describes the

competitive electric market in PJM’s territory, including how PJM operates now

and PJM’s conjecture about how load might grow and be met by planned

construction.

NETL also characterized the California Power Exchange, including the duties of

the State’s independent system operator, CAISO, which is responsible for the

electricity integrity of and unit dispatch in California. The characterization

describes electricity-generation supply and demand and price implications as

the competitive market for electricity in California adjusts itself to various

factors while transitioning from regulation to competition.

Fuel-Price Modeling—Fuel-price modeling helps set targets for R&D on new

technologies. The historical price of fuel in different regions of the United

States, including an estimate of future prices, was evaluated. Each of the nine

regions reported on Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Form 423 was

18 NETL Accomplishments FY 2001

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Energy Resources (ER)

“ As a country, we have

demanded more and more

energy. But we have not

brought on line the

supplies needed to meet

that demand. . . . We can

explore for energy, we can

produce energy and use it,

and we can do so with a

decent regard for the

natural environment.”

Vice President Richard B. Cheney, National

Energy Policy, Report of the National Energy

Policy Development Group, May 2001, page xiii
evaluated. The historical delivered prices of the principal fossil fuels—natural gas, coal, and oil—to generating companies

are documented for each region. Other fuel resources are also modeled, for example, nuclear, hydroelectric, municipal,

and solid waste. Prices are available on a current-year dollar basis, or on a fixed-year 2001-dollar basis. Charts show the

expected regional price for each fuel in each region for the period from 1990 to 2020.

Strategic Center for Natural Gas (SCNG) Strategic Plan—Guided by national strategic planning and policy

analysis, the SCNG pursued a big-picture perspective of natural gas supply, infrastructure, and utilization. The SCNG

worked closely with various DOE organizations (FE; the DOE offices of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,

Policy, and Science; and the Energy Information Administration [EIA]) to prepare a national Natural Gas Strategic Plan.

Natural Gas Policy Studies—SCNG policy analysis experts achieved significant progress in framing natural gas

technology within an overall policy context through effective cooperation with other key DOE policy stakeholders,

industry, and regulatory agencies. The first two policy studies listed below were completed and are posted on the SCNG

website. Five other studies—all critically important to natural gas production, distribution, and use—are in progress.

• Understanding How Gas Price Volatility Impacts the Economics of Gas Turbines

• Hydraulic Fracturing of Coals for Methane Production

• Fuel Diversity and the Impact on Natural Gas Price

• The Value of R&D to Meet Future U.S. Energy Needs

• Supplying Natural Gas for Peaking in a 30+ Tcf Market

• Significance of Hydraulic Fracturing in Meeting U.S. Natural Gas Supply Requirements

• Identification of Barriers and Valuation of Public Benefits for Gas Turbines

The economics of natural-gas-fueled turbines and combined-cycle systems in the PJM Interconnection were evaluated.

Gas-turbine, combined-cycle, and pulverized-coal plants of different sizes were evaluated to find the threshold in fuel

price where one or the other made sense. The study showed that as long as natural gas prices are below about

$4.00/million Btu, investors will continue to find it profitable to invest in new gas-turbine and combined-cycle electric

generation projects.

NETL Accomplishments FY 2001 19

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Energy Resources (ER)

Ultralow-Sulfur Diesel Fuels—NETL collaborated with EIA on a

congressionally mandated study of ultralow-sulfur diesel-fuel production.

NETL developed models of refinery operations and the needed changes in

equipment and operations to significantly reduce the amount of sulfur in diesel

fuel. These models were for widely different types of starting materials

(petroleum feedstock). The information generated by these models allowed EIA

to accurately estimate the cost of proposed regulations that would reduce the

amount of sulfur allowed in diesel fuel.

NETL Website—A highly successful campaign was initiated to improve

Internet access for information about NETL programs and accomplishments.

Over 50 criteria covering appearance, functionality, and content were measured.

Compliance with these website criteria increased from 70 to about 90 percent in

FY 2001. Usage also increased dramatically during this period and is trending

toward a twofold increase in FY 2002.

Publications—Onsite research publications and professional activities in

FY 2001 include two books, more than 50 peer-reviewed journal articles, and

four patents.

“ Every American uses

1,875 tons of minerals,

metals, and fuels in

a lifetime—150 pounds

a day.”

Rita A. Bajura, NETL Director, Speech at

Mineral Economics and Management

Society Tenth Annual Conference,

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, April 4-6, 2001
ER5—Cooperate globally on international energy issues.

Cooperation With China on Clean Energy Technologies—Two major

conferences were held in China under the recently signed United States-China

Protocol for Cooperation in the Field of Fossil Energy Technology Development

and Utilization between DOE FE and China’s Ministry of Science and

Technology. The conferences focused on clean energy and CO2 emission

control. NETL employees helped organize both events, organized technical

sessions, and presented papers on fossil-energy-related technologies.

NETL also participated on the Permanent Coordinating Committee and helped

develop four Fossil Energy Annexes to the protocol agreement. NETL is leading

activities under Annex I (Advanced Power Systems) and Annex IV (Energy and

Environmental Control Technologies) by organizing

• A 2-week training course on design and procurement, and operations and

maintenance, of flue gas desulfurization systems for coal-fired power plants;

• A 2 to 3 day workshop on U.S. technologies to reduce emissions of sulfur

dioxide and NOX from coal-fired power plants; and

• A joint study on ammonia scrubbing of flue gases to remove CO2 and produce

a saleable fertilizer.

Assistance to Egypt on Fuel Cells—DOE signed a fuel-cell cooperative

agreement with Egypt on February 23, 2000. NETL is supporting this effort by

managing a $250,000 project, funded by USAID-Cairo, to design a fuel-cell test

facility for the Egyptian Electrical Holding Company. Company officials visited

the United States in late 2001 and met with fuel cell developers to learn more

about U.S. fuel cell technologies.

In a separate $50,000 project funded by the U.S.-Egypt Science and Technology

Fund, NETL is supporting Cairo University in conducting a market study for

fuel cells in Egypt. Both of these efforts are aimed at encouraging fuel cell

deployment in a variety of end-use applications in Egypt.

Deploying Oil Solidification Technology—The Nochar PetroBond® product

was deployed internationally in May 2001 at the Whiteshell Laboratory, Atomic

Energy of Canada, Ltd. Twenty-eight samples were successfully solidified.

Before the successful deployment, the Atomic Energy of Canada had “no path

forward” for the treatment of contaminated oils. The entire waste stream, about

5,000 gallons, can now be solidified for approximately $100,000. Discussions

are currently under way to deploy Nochar PetroBond® oil solidification

technology outside North America in Russia and Romania, and potentially in

other newly independent states.

20 NETL Accomplishments FY 2001

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Energy Resources (ER)

“ In the transaction of . . .

foreign affairs we have

endeavored to cultivate the

friendship of all nations . . .

We have . . . cherished

mutual interests and

intercourse on fair and

equal terms. We are firmly

convinced, and we act on

that conviction, that with

nations as with individuals

our interests soundly

calculated will ever be

found inseparable from

our moral duties . . .”

President Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826),

Second Inaugural Address, March 4, 1805
Assistance to Mexico on Clean Fossil Fuel Technologies—NETL

conducted a workshop on clean fossil-fuel technologies related to gasification,

fuel cells, heavy oils, ultraclean fuels, and gas hydrates in March 2001 in

Mexico City, Mexico. Attendees represented the Mexican Institute of

Petroleum, the Institute of Electric Research, the National Commission for

Energy Savings, universities, and the Energy Secretariat. This activity was

conducted under Annex IV of the U.S.-Mexico Agreement of Cooperation on

Energy.

Assistance to India on Coal Technologies—NETL is continuing its lead

role in managing technical activities under the Climate Change Supplement of

the USAID-India Greenhouse Gas Pollution Prevention project. NETL is

receiving $5.9 million over 5 years from USAID-India in New Delhi to continue

• Supporting the introduction of high-efficiency coal power generation

technologies into the Indian power sector,

• Improving the thermal and environmental performance of existing coal-fired

Indian power plants,

• Increasing large-volume fly-ash utilization, and

• Increasing capacity development at the Centre for Power Efficiency and

Environmental Protection at the National Thermal Power Corporation and at

three regional training facilities.

A solicitation to support a detailed engineering study for deployment of U.S.

integrated gasification combined-cycle (IGCC) technology was issued, and the

winning proposal is expected to be announced in early 2002.

NETL Accomplishments FY 2001 21

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Energy Resources (ER)

“ The issue of climate

change respects no

border. Its effects

cannot be reined in by

an army nor advanced

by any ideology.

Climate change, with

its potential to impact

every corner of the

world, is an issue that

must be addressed by

the world.”

President George W. Bush, Address at

the White House, June 11, 2001

NETL continues to work with USAID-India to

improve performance of coal-fired Indian power plants.
Science (SC)—Advance the basic research

and instruments of science that are the

foundations for DOE’s applied missions, a base

for U.S. technology innovation, and a source of

remarkable insights into our physical and

biological world and the nature of matter and

energy.

NETL scientists are making important contributions in separation of hydrogen

from carbon dioxide, computational energy science, and gas energy system

dynamics. NETL is also recruiting top scientists through various programs to

support U.S. leadership in science and ensure the success of DOE’s science

mission.

SC1—Provide the leadership, foundations, and breakthroughs

in the physical sciences that will sustain advancements in our

Nation’s quest for clean, affordable, and abundant energy.

Separation of Hydrogen From Carbon Dioxide—NETL is demonstrating

how hydrogen and CO2 separation from syngas can be successfully performed

to meet the long-term goals of providing (1) low-cost hydrogen for highefficiency fuel cells, and (2) concentrated CO2 streams for sequestration. The

process, being developed jointly by Bechtel, Simtech, and Los Alamos National

Laboratory, could

• Reduce the parasitic energy requirement for CO2 capture by 50 to 65 percent

and capital costs by 50 percent compared to current technologies, and

• Capture greater than 75 percent of the CO2 for sequestration.

The success of this technology will provide an economically viable approach

for sequestering carbon. It could also enable the transition to a hydrogen

economy in the long term. During FY 2001, flow-reactor experiments with pure

CO2 validated the concept of producing CO2 hydrate. The next step will be to

demonstrate hydrate formation using mixtures of CO2 with other gases.

NETL completed an in-house research investigation on an initial set of

hydrogen separation membranes to advance the Nation’s capability of

producing pure hydrogen for use in future vehicles and distributed generation

applications. Through collaborations with Argonne National Laboratory, the

University of Massachusetts, REB Consulting, and Worcester Polytechnic

Institute, tests were performed on 20 different membranes, encompassing

7 different membrane types. Composite membranes, containing thin hydrogenpermeable films placed over or within porous or non-porous substrates, were

particularly successful in separating hydrogen from mixed gas streams, such as

those produced in natural gas reforming or coal gasification processes.

22 NETL Accomplishments FY 2001

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Science (SC)

“ During the centuries

since the dawn of

modern science, the

frontiers of discovery

have been defined by

the limits of

technology. This is one

of the imperatives of

science—that

exploration at the

frontier entails

advances in

technology—and it is

also a powerful and

pragmatic argument

for supporting basic

science.”

John H. Marburger, Director, Office of

Science and Technology Policy, Speech

at the Meeting of the American

Association for the Advancement of

Science, Boston, Massachusetts,

February 15, 2002
Computational Energy Science—A high-speed communications line was

completed between NETL’s Morgantown and Pittsburgh sites and the Pittsburgh

Supercomputer Center. Operations were initiated to allow interactive

supercomputing among the sites.

• Nine computational projects were initiated using these supercomputers.

• Two regional training courses on use of supercomputers were held in

collaboration with the Pittsburgh Center.

• NETL co-hosted a Vision 21 simulation workshop to hear industry priorities

in computational sciences.

• NETL hosted a workshop for a public/private consortium on multiphase

fluid dynamics.

NETL researchers upgraded the well-known MFIX multi-phase code (originally

developed at NETL) as a major tool for simulating circulating fluidized-bed

(CFB) plants, and established an MFIX website to distribute the code. NETL

developed a method to predict transitions between dilute- and dense-phase

transport regimes and developed a black-liquor gasification model to support

the goals of the paper industry in the Industries of the Future (IOF) program.

Gas Energy System Dynamics—NETL has a national leadership position in

gas energy system dynamics, collaborating with U.S. Department of Defense

and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) laboratories to

develop the trapped vortex combustor as an advanced low-emission gas-turbine

combustion concept. A simulation-validation combustor was designed to

provide key information for gas turbine models in conjunction with Sandia

National Laboratories and private organizations. Onsite researchers developed

sensors for ultralow-emissions combustion systems to detect flashback and

in-situ combustion conditions.

A computational fluid dynamics code was modified to include fuel cell

electrochemistry for the first time, which led to new insights into the operating

complexities of high-efficiency electric power production using fuel cells.

Dynamic models were developed of fuel-cell/turbine hybrids that are capable

of ultrahigh efficiencies in electric power production. Fundamental laboratory

studies led to new insights and concepts for laser ignition in engines, which

have been tested for the first time at laboratory scale.

Energy @23 Awards—Two of NETL’s long-standing technology research

areas—CFB and low-NOX burner technologies—received Energy @23 Awards.

These awards were given to the 23 highest-ranked DOE innovations between

1977 and 2000 chosen from a list of 100 scientific and technological

innovations. The winners successfully demonstrated benefits to the American

public, a contribution to U.S. competitiveness in the global marketplace, and the

potential for future growth. Specifically, CFB sales in the United States have

exceeded more than $6.2 billion while creating more than 75,000 new jobs.

Both are the technologies of choice for new and retrofit electric power

generation using coal because of their low cost and outstanding environmental

performance.

NETL Accomplishments FY 2001 23

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Science (SC)

An NETL employee monitors flame stability

in the pressurized pulse combustor.

“ A pessimist sees the

difficulty in every

opportunity; an optimist

sees the opportunity in

every difficulty.”

Sir Winston Churchill (1874-1965)

An NETL researcher examines simulation

results in a virtual environment.
Individual Awards—NETL researchers continue to receive recognition for

their world-class expertise and research activities. Some highlights are noted

below.

• The Society of Petroleum Engineers John Franklin Carll award. This award

honors distinguished achievements that advance either petroleum engineering

technology or professionalism.

• The Society of Petroleum Engineers Anthony F. Lucas Gold Medal. This

award was established in 1936 as the major annual technical award. It

recognizes distinguished achievements in improving the technique and

practice of finding and producing petroleum.

• Bronze awards for Research Scientist of the Year and Rookie of the Year, both

from the Pittsburgh Federal Executive Board.

• The Technician of the Year award from the local section of the American

Chemical Society.

• The University of Pittsburgh’s Aristech Foundation Fellowship. The

fellowship recognizes outstanding scholastic achievement and significant

contributions to the welfare of the graduate student body.

SC2—Develop the scientific foundations to understand and

protect our living planet from the adverse impacts of energy

supply and use, support long-term environmental cleanup and

management at DOE sites, and contribute core competencies

to interagency research and national challenges in the

biological and environmental sciences.

Mercury Emission Control—NETL scientists investigated how the

performance of mercury removal processes is affected by operational

parameters in a small-scale coal-combustion research facility. They developed

the critical data needed to improve models for coal/biomass co-firing. Airborne

remote sensing was used to acquire water quality information to help EPA,

state regulators, and watershed associations. Researchers determined that

coal-combustion byproducts can stabilize phosphate waste slurries. NETL

completed comparative testing of three mercury emission monitors developed

by external contractors.

Air-Sparging/Bioremediation Technology—Pilot-scale demonstration of

air-sparging/bioremediation technology was completed at the underground oil

shale retort remediation site at Rock Springs, Wyoming, thus initiating full-scale

remediation. This technology is in its second year of full operation at the

underground coal-gasification remediation site at Hoe Creek, Wyoming.

24 NETL Accomplishments FY 2001

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Science (SC)

We must direct

“. . . our research and

development budgets at

ideas and innovations

that are relatively

immature in their

development, and

[ensure] the greater

application of mature

technologies.”

Spencer Abraham, Secretary of Energy,

Remarks at Quarterly Leadership Meeting,

DOE, October 2001

Research conducted by NETL staff

members has resulted in many awards.

Staff developed a regenerable hot/warm

gas desulfurization sorbent to remove

hydrogen sulfide from fuel gas streams.
SC4—Provide the extraordinary tools, scientific work force, and

multidisciplinary research infrastructure that ensure success of

DOE’s science mission and support our Nation’s leadership in

the physical, biological, environmental, and computational

sciences.

Cooperative Research—NETL researchers continued an active program of

cooperative research and development agreements (CRADAs) and funds-in

agreements with 16 continuing CRADAs, 4 new CRADAs, 2 extended

CRADAs, and 16 CRADAs currently in development. Partnerships with other

federal agencies or laboratories include the U.S. Army on ultraclean fuels, fuel

cells, and reciprocating engines research; U.S. Air Force on ultraclean fuels and

gas turbines, U.S. Navy on gas hydrates, gas turbines, and engines; and NASA

on gas turbines. Relationships with other DOE national laboratories include

Los Alamos on carbon sequestration and simulation, Sandia on combustion and

simulation, Oak Ridge and Albany on materials research, and Argonne on

hydrogen separation.

Recruiting Scientists and Engineers—Recruiting efforts resulted in hiring

10 highly qualified Ph.D.-level scientists as full-time federal employees this

year. Ten promising students have been hired as part-time federal employees,

providing an influx of new ideas. One of NETL’s strategies for recruiting

women and minorities into science and engineering positions uses research

associate programs to build a pool of qualified candidates. NETL has increased

the numbers of research associates this year to about 80. Approximately

40 percent of these associates are minorities and women.

More than 35 people participated in the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and

Education programs at NETL during FY 2001. These participants included

undergraduate and graduate students, post-doctoral participants, and faculty

participants. There were also several participants in the Oak Ridge Research

Travel program.

University Partnership Program—NETL continued to build regional

partnerships to solve national energy problems by meeting with high-level

university officials (for example, academic deans, provosts for research, and

department chairs) at five regional universities and encouraging research-level

interactions. This has been very successful and is a primary thrust of NETL’s

regional development initiative. Numerous new research-level interactions

occurred in FY 2001, including at least 45 university-faculty/onsite-researcher

collaborations, using a variety of administrative mechanisms. This has led to

joint workshops and seminars and employee assistance in graduate-level

instruction. The university partnership program has more than 25 graduate

student participants from the five universities working with NETL scientists.

Peer Reviews—The second round of comprehensive peer reviews was

conducted, covering all onsite R&D focus areas. Reviews were performed for

more than 70 projects, and more than 40 external and DOE reviewers

participated. These comprehensive reviews, which were held for the first time in

FY 2000, are a landmark in NETL’s short history as a national laboratory.

NETL Accomplishments FY 2001 25

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Science (SC)

A goal of the ultraclean fuels program is to

provide clean and affordable aviation fuel

from petroleum, natural gas, coal, and other

energy sources.

NETL has a highly trained work force that

includes many Ph.D.-level scientists.
26 NETL Accomplishments FY 2001

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Environmental Quality (EQ)

Environmental Quality (EQ)—Aggressively

clean up the environmental legacy of nuclear

weapons and civilian nuclear research and

development programs at the Department’s

remaining sites, safely manage nuclear materials

and spent nuclear fuel, and permanently dispose

of the Nation’s radioactive wastes.

NETL is a vital contributor to the development of innovative environmental

technologies and their subsequent deployment at DOE’s former weapons complex

sites, reducing remediation costs and risks. NETL scientists and contractors are

developing technologies to clean up DOE’s 42 remaining contaminated nuclear

sites. Scientists aim to safely and expeditiously dispose of waste generated by

nuclear weapons and civilian nuclear R&D programs. Demonstrations are

conducted to reduce the life-cycle cost of environmental cleanup and to maximize

the beneficial resuse of land following cleanup of residual contamination.

EQ1—Safely and expeditiously clean up sites across the country

that supported nuclear weapons research, production, and testing

and [that] conducted DOE-funded nuclear energy and basic

science research in the United States. After completion of

cleanup, continue stewardship activities to ensure that human

health and the environment are protected.

Oil Solidification Polymer Used for Nuclear Waste—The Nochar PetroBond®

solidification polymer was demonstrated in August 1999 to cost-effectively solidify

tritium-contaminated vacuum pump oils at the Mound site in Ohio. Since then, the

Nochar product has been deployed at DOE locations across the country, most

recently at the Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site, to solidify transuranic

oils in preparation for shipment to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP).

Savannah River is currently evaluating Nochar PetroBond® as a means to

efficiently treat 37,000 gallons of PUREX waste. Preliminary estimates show that

this treatment approach could save the site $91 million.

Solidified Mixed Waste Oil

After Nochar Treatment

Communications Systems Aid in Nuclear Cleanup—The Deactivation and Decommissioning Focus Area (DDFA),

managed by NETL, demonstrated the RaceScan Communications System in FY 2001. The system is used by the

automobile racing industry for drivers and pit crews. The system was demonstrated (1) by Los Alamos National

Laboratory workers wearing full-face respirators while they were excavating fiberglass-reinforced crates containing

plutonium-contaminated gloveboxes, and (2) among workers who were installing vents in waste drums. In the former

case, the improved communication accelerated the excavation work by 16 percent. In the latter case, the system

accelerated the drum-vent-installation work by 50 percent. Based on results of the demonstration, many other DOE sites

have contacted NETL for information on purchasing the units.
Waste Inspection Tomography—NETL contracted with Bio-Imaging Research, Inc. of Lincolnshire, Illinois, for the

development of waste inspection tomography, which was deployed this year at the WIPP in Carlsbad, New Mexico. Waste

inspection tomography characterizes the contents of a radioactive waste drum without the high costs and risks associated

with opening the drum and analyzing the contents. Bio-Imaging Research is currently under contract with Westinghouse

TRU Solutions, the WIPP management and operating contractor, to provide mobile drum inspection before the drums are

shipped to the plant. The life-cycle cost saving for this deployment is $14 million.

NETL Accomplishments FY 2001 27

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Environmental Quality (EQ)

Waste inspection tomography identifies the characteristics of the contents

of a waste drum without the risk of opening the container for analysis.

Remediation Technology Removes Soil Contaminants—The deployment of the Well Injection Depth Extraction

system, commercialized by Informatics, was initiated in late FY 2001 at the Columbus Environmental Management

Project, West Jefferson Facility. The system is an innovative in-situ remediation technology that utilizes an applied

vacuum in prefabricated vertical wells to extract ground water, soil vapor, or both. The system will be deployed in

conjunction with the selective separation cartridges developed by 3M to remove cesium (Ce-137) from the soil. The 3M

selective separation cartridge is a cost-effective alternative to present methods of chemical separation, most specifically

resin-based ion-exchange columns and reverse osmosis.

DDFA Strengthened—NETL’s DDFA has strengthened its role of providing technical assistance by participating in

value engineering studies, pollution prevention assessments, and resolution of site-specific issues related to deactivation

and decommissioning (D&D) of nuclear-contaminated facilities at DOE sites. In the past year, NETL’s DDFA

participated on expert panels performing pollution-prevention assessments at the Brookhaven Graphite Research Reactor

Decommissioning Project, and the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center’s Liquid Waste Reduction Project.

The Brookhaven project team has already implemented some of the approaches recommended by the assessment panel,

particularly those focusing on alternative waste disposal options.

DDFA Technologies Deployed—DDFA technologies have been successfully deployed at several DOE facilities, as

well as in New York City and Washington, D.C.:

• The NETL DDFA has supported projects at Rocky Flats focused on the use of improved characterization,

decontamination, and size reduction techniques. The primary objective is safety and reduced amounts of transuranic

waste shipped to the WIPP in Carlsbad, New Mexico, for disposal. Significant savings are being achieved through

innovative technologies and alternative approaches. Recent estimates by Rocky Flats indicate $256 million in life-cycle

cost savings attributed to projects supported by NETL’s DDFA.

• Recommendations resulting from a value engineering effort in FY 2000 led to the implementation of a project for

intrusive and non-intrusive characterization through concrete walls and floors at Mound’s Old Cave facility. The Old

Cave, a hot cell used to process radium (Ra-226) and actinium (Ac-227), underwent partial D&D, and was eventually
entombed in 1959. Before the city of Miamisburg will accept ownership of the site, the Old Cave must be removed. The

recommendation was for immediate characterization of the entombed contents—radiological and physical. The project

deployed several enhanced characterization technologies that helped to accelerate the decommissioning schedule,

providing an estimated life-cycle cost savings of $13 million.

• NETL’s DDFA supported the implementation of the universal demolition processor at the Fernald facility in Ohio.

Essentially three technologies in one, the processor utilizes interchanging jaw sets to pulverize or crack concrete and to

shear thick plate steel. The processor is deployed from a track-mounted carrier and is being used at Fernald for

structural steel segmentation and other demolition operations. The tool provides significant worker safety benefits and

an estimated life-cycle cost savings to Fernald of $2.8 million.

• Like Americans everywhere, NETL employees were shocked and saddened by

the events of September 11, 2001, and found ways to respond to the recovery and

cleanup effort. NETL’s DDFA was able to support cleanup at the World Trade

Center and the Pentagon by identifying D&D technologies that could be useful in

the cleanup, and by contacting prospective vendors to encourage support. Much

of the equipment sent was developed for environmental cleanup programs funded

by DOE’s Office of Environmental Management:

- A universal demolition processor;

- Multiple oxy-gasoline torches;

- Personal ice-cooling-system suits;

- Nochar PetroBond® for cleanup of oils and fuels;

- Hydraulic cutting tools for metals;

- Large-scale vacuum system for collecting asbestos, dust, and other loose particles; and

- A laser mapping system for evaluating the integrity of buildings near ground zero.

28 NETL Accomplishments FY 2001

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

National Nuclear Security (NS)

National Nuclear Security (NS)—Enhance national security

through the military application of nuclear technology and reduce

global danger from weapons of mass destruction.

DOE is required by law to enhance U.S. national security through the military application of nuclear technology and to

reduce the global danger from the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. NETL is committed to strengthening our

national security, and has been involved for several years in helping DOE meet this goal.

NS1—Maintain and refurbish nuclear weapons in accordance with directed schedules to sustain

confidence in their safety, security, and reliability, indefinitely, under the nuclear testing

moratorium and arms reduction treaties.

Tritium Production Support—NETL continued in FY 2001 to provide technical, engineering, quality assurance,

environmental, and safety support to the DOE Office of Tritium Production. The strategic objective of this work is to

further strengthen U.S. national security by developing a replacement source of tritium by FY 2005, based on selection of

the commercial light-water-reactor technology required for the nuclear weapons stockpile.

New York City’s Tribute in Light

honored those lost on September 11

and celebrated the spirit of New Yorkers.
Corporate Management (CM)—Demonstrate excellence in the

Department’s environment, safety, and health practices and

management systems to support our world-class programs.

NETL provides a safe and rewarding work place, and we are recognized for both our business excellence and our ability

to deliver results. NETL contributes to best business and management practices throughout DOE. Our mentoring

initiatives offer employment opportunities to talented students. Our state-of-the-art information technology systems are

improving efficiency and effectiveness across DOE. NETL performs as a customer-oriented public servant, working for

our internal DOE customers, but ultimately for American taxpayers.

CM1—Ensure the safety and health of the DOE work force and members of the public and the

protection of the environment in all Departmental activities.

Environmental Management System (EMS)—NETL’s formal EMS was initiated in FY 2001. NETL conducted

an external EMS gap analysis in January 2001 to determine the actions required to attain EMS certification

(i.e., ISO 14001). An action plan was generated in February 2001. Over 40 percent of the corrective actions associated

with the EMS gap analysis have been performed.

Integrated Safety Management—A series of rigorous

integrated safety management (ISM) improvement/

maintenance actions associated with an FY 2000 review

were completed in FY 2001, leading to certification by a

DOE team that ISM has been implemented at NETL. The

benefits include full compliance with directives, resulting

in an enhanced safety culture and overall lower risk levels

for the NETL sites.

Safety and Health Protection Program—In

April 2001, a gap analysis was conducted for NETL’s

Occupational Safety and Health Administration,

Voluntary Protection Program. An action plan was

generated based on this analysis, and corrective actions

are being implemented. Anticipated benefits include a

robust safety and health program, leading to lower

occupationally related injuries and illnesses.

Emergency Preparedness Program—The Emergency

Preparedness Program was used extensively in FY 2001

as a means of reassuring the communities surrounding

NETL’s three sites that NETL’s operations and programs

guarantee and promote public safety and environmental

stewardship. NETL received extensive and positive

television, newspaper, and radio coverage when

conducting its emergency response drills. This increases

public interest, stakeholder involvement, and worker

involvement in the program.

NETL Accomplishments FY 2001 29

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Corporate Management (CM)

NETL employees and community emergency personnel participate

in an emergency preparedness response drill.
NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Corporate Management (CM)

CM2—Manage human resources and diversity initiatives and

implement practices to improve the delivery of products and

services.

Mentoring Programs—NETL has several active mentoring and training

programs targeted at recruiting the science and technology leaders of the future.

• The Minority Mentoring and Internship Program (MMIP) is designed to offer

employment opportunities for talented minority youth aspiring to careers in

the fields of science, engineering, and mathematics. Interns work with their

mentors and conduct hands-on research directly related to their educational

programs and career goals. NETL is a state-of-the-art national laboratory with

a broad range of technical fields, including computer science, engineering,

life sciences, mathematics, and physical sciences. The MMIP successfully

paired four talented students with NETL mentors during FY 2001.

• Eighteen students participated in the Student Career Experience Program at

NETL during FY 2001. NETL converted two of these participants to careerconditional appointments at the completion of their degree programs.

Daycare Center—In order to enhance NETL’s ability to attract and retain

high-quality federal employees, NETL is planning to construct a new child care

center at the Pittsburgh facility and to build a larger child care center in

Morgantown. Preliminary data from an employee survey will assist NETL in

determining the location, size, staffing, and enrollment for the facilities.

Labor-Management Partnership Council—The primary function of the

Council is to provide a forum for the constructive exchange of ideas and

concerns between management and labor. An equal number of managers and

union officials meet bi-weekly and come to consensus on workplace issues. The

Council also sponsors other teams of employees and managers to perform

specific studies.

MOUs With Hispanic and African-American Chambers of Commerce—

NETL successfully established public-private partnerships through memoranda

of understanding (MOUs) with the African American Chamber of Commerce of

western Pennsylvania, and the Hispanic Chamber of Commerce in western

Pennsylvania. These MOUs will promote minority- and women-owned

businesses in the gas commodity trading business. The partnerships will first

work with regional banks, gas suppliers, and end-users in western Pennsylvania.

If successful, subsequent phases in eastern Pennsylvania and West Virginia will

be initiated. Eventually, the partnerships are expected to have a national scope.

30 NETL Accomplishments FY 2001

“ I am pleased to send to the

Congress a bold strategy for

improving the management and

performance of the Federal

Government. What matters in

the end is completion.

Performance. Results. Not just

making promises, but making

good on promises. This

Administration is dedicated to

ensuring that the resources

entrusted to the Federal

Government are well managed

and wisely used. We owe that to

the American people.”

President George W. Bush, The President’s

Management Agenda, Fiscal Year 2002, page 1.

The Agenda includes five

government-wide goals to

improve federal management

and deliver results that matter to

the American people: strategic

management of human capital,

competitive sourcing, improved

financial performance,

expanded electronic

government, and budget and

performance integration.

NETL interns conduct hands-on research.
CM3—Manage financial resources and physical assets to ensure public confidence.

Land Transfer—On April 6, 2001, the final transfer of the Bartlesville National Institute for Petroleum and Energy

Research site was completed. The 17-acre site, originally donated to the government by Bartlesville in 1917, reverted

back to the city with the signing of this document.

External Independent Reviews—As requested by multiple DOE customers, the NETL Center for Acquisition and

Business Excellence (CABE) performed more than 20 program and project reviews. These reviews ranged from baseline

validation reviews at another national laboratory to independent project reviews at five sites. Results from these unbiased,

independent reviews have enabled DOE Headquarters and onsite personnel to make more informed decisions about their

programs and projects.

Industry Interactive Procurement System—This web-based electronic procurement system allows synopses,

solicitations, negotiations, and awards to be accomplished within the “expanded electronic government,” which is one of

the President’s five government-wide management goals. During FY 2001, NETL established a pilot program in which

electronic proposals were received for four competitive solicitations. NETL began using the system on October 1, 2001,

for all competitive actions encompassing complicated acquisition procedures, including awards made under multiple

award solicitations and competitive financial assistance.

CM4—Manage information technology systems and infrastructure to improve the Department’s

efficiency and effectiveness.

Enterprise Architecture—NETL’s enterprise architecture team achieved several significant milestones in FY 2001. The

team adopted the industry-recognized “Zachman Framework” as the structure to relate all architectural entities. The

Zachman Framework was combined with NETL’s strategic structural model to provide high-level entry points into all

information contained in the architecture. Modeling work was initiated with a pilot effort to model project management

activities and information.

Environmental Cost Analysis System—CABE completed development of the first phase of a web-based,

environmental, cost-analysis system. This system collects, stores, maintains, analyzes, and reports actual cost data for

completed environmental-management site-cleanup projects. The system fulfills the need to capture detailed cost data and

understand those parameters that impact DOE environmental management project costs. The first phase of the system is

now available for use by DOE field sites to enter their project information.

Remedial Action Cost Engineering and Requirements System—CABE is also providing technical oversight for the

development and installation of a web-based version of the Remedial Action Cost Engineering and Requirements System.

During FY 2001, a new task order was put in place to add five new cost models to the system. The estimated completion

date is June 2002. The purpose of these new models is to estimate specific D&D activity so DOE can prepare appropriate

budgets and independent cost estimates for planned DDFA work.

Interagency Agreement—An interagency agreement between the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology

and NETL was developed in FY 2001. The purpose is to develop a standardized guide to computing and reporting of lifecycle costs of environmental management projects as well as accompanying software to implement the guide. Completion

of these contracts should provide useful tools for DOE Headquarters and field offices.

Network Intrusion Detection System—NETL acquired a new network intrusion-detection system and began to deploy

the software to protect NETL’s public networks. The network sensors monitor all Internet traffic on NETL public network

segments to check for signatures commonly associated with network probes and break-in attempts. Deployment of the

system has improved NETL’s cyber security posture.

NETL’s FY 2001 Program Accomplishments

Corporate Management (CM)

NETL Accomplishments FY 2001 31
For more information,

contact:

National Energy Technology

Laboratory

626 Cochrans Mill Road

P.O. Box 10940

Pittsburgh, PA 15236-0940

3610 Collins Ferry Road

P.O. Box 880

Morgantown, WV 26507-0880

National Petroleum Technology Office

One West Third Street, Suite 1400

Tulsa, OK 74103-3519

Or visit our website at:

www.netl.doe.gov

Customer Service

800-553-7681

U.S. Department of Energy

Office of Fossil Energy

Printed in the

United States on recycled paper

May 2002