P. 1


# OAR Box 1672 Prepped by Charmelle Mathews



### Document

Number: 

# 2 ) ll-A- 1 Docket Number: 

# A-98-1 3

Printed 9/30/200811:01:00AM

Sheet 2 of 132P. 2

A 98. 1 3 ,



# PRESUMPTIV

E MAC T FOR ORGANI C LIQUID S (NON-GASOLINE ) DISTRIBUTIO N FACILITIE S

JUN E 9,199 8

t



# I » l I

Wast e an d Chemica

l Processe s Grou

p Offic e of Ai r Qualit

y Plannin g an

d Standard

s U.S . Environmenta

l Protectio n Agenc

y Researc h Triangl e Park , N

CP.7 8

1 1 

# 0 -P. 3

TABL E O F CONTENT S Sectio n Pag e 1. 0 Overvie w o f

th e Presumptiv e MAC T Determinatio n 1- 1 1. 1 Backgroun d 1- 1 1. 2 Availabl e Dat a1- 1 1. 3 Summar

y o f Presumptiv e MAC T 1 - 2 1.3. 1 Affected Source s 1- 2 1.3. 2 Contro l Level s fo

r P-MAC T 1-3 2. 0 Sourc e Categor

y an d AffectedSource s 2- 1 2. 1 Stand-Alon e o r

Separat e Distributio n Terminal s 2- 1 2. 2 Collocate d Distributio n Facilitie s , 2- 2 2. 3 Pipelin e Facilitie s 2- 2 2. 4 Compounding/Blending/Packagin g Facilitie s 2- 3 2. 5 Affecte d Sources/Conclusion s 2- 4 3. 0 Emissio n Source s 3- 1 3. 1 Storag e Vessel s 3- 1 3. 2 Liqui d Transfe

r Operation s 3- 2 3. 3 Leak s fromEquipment Component s 3- 2 3. 4 Wastewater

an d Other Waste s 3- 2 3. 5 Blendin g and Packagin g Operation s 3- 3 4. 0 Emissio n Control s 4- 1 4. 1 Storag e Vessel s 4- 1 4. 2 Liqui d Transfe

r Operation s 4- 1 4. 3 Equipment

Component s 4- 1
• 4. 4 Wastewate

r an d Other

Waste s 4- 1 5. 0 Curren t

Contro l Level s 5- 1 5. 1 Existin g Level s o f

Contro l 5- 1 5.1. 1 Fixe d Roo f

Storag e Tank s 5- 1 5.1. 2 Externa

l Floatin g Roo f

Tank s 5- 3 5.1. 3 Liqui d Transfe

r Operation s 5- 5 5.1. 4 Wastewate

r Treatment

5- 8 5.1. 5 Equipment

Leak s 5- 9 5.1. 6 Blendin g andPackagin g 5- 9

m 

# 3P. 4



### TABL E O F CONTENT S (Concluded ) Sectio n P_ag £ 5. 2 Federa l Regulation s 5- 9 5.2. 1 Hazardou s Organi c NESHA P (HON ) (subpart s F , G , H , I ) 5- 9 5.2. 2 Petroleu mRefiner

y NESHA P (subpar

t CC ) 5-1 0 5.2. 3 Propose dOil/Natural Ga s Distribution/Transmissio n NESHA P (subpart s HH.HHH ) 5-1 0 5.2. 4 Gasolin e Distributio n NESHA P (subpart R ) 5-1 1 5.2. 5 Benzen e Emission s fromStorag e Vessel s NESHA P (4 0 CFR61 , subpar

t Y ) 5-1 1 5.2. 6 Marin e Vesse l Loadin g NESHA P (subpar t Y ) 5-1 1 5.2. 7 Benzen e Wast e Operation s NESHA P (subpar t FF ) 5-1 1 5.2. 8 Benzen e Transfer

Operation s NESHA P (subpar t BB ) 5-1 2 5.2. 9 Miscellaneou s Organi c NESHA P (MON ) [pre-proposal ] 5-1 2 5. 3 State/Loca l Regulation s 5-1 2 6. 0 Summary o f

Issue s an dNex t

Step s 6- 1 6. 1 Issue s i n th e NESHA P Developmen t 6- 1 6. 2 Nex t

Step s 6- 2 7. 0 Reference s 7- 1
Attachment s Attachmen t

1 Presumptiv e MAC T fo r Organi c Liquid s (non-Gasoline ) Distributio n Facilitie s (Presentatio n Format ) Attachmen t

2 Memorandum-Stat e Rule s Summar y

i v ^P. 5

6/09/9 8 1. 0 OVERVIE W O F TH E PRESUMPTIV E MAC T DETERMINATIO N 1. 1 Backgroun d Sectio n 11 2 o f

th e Clea n Ai r Ac t (th e Act ) mandate s tha

t th e EP A promulgate nationa l emissio n standard s fo

r hazardou s ai r

pollutant s (NESHAP ) o n atimel y basis
. I n respons e t o Sectio n 112(c) , th e EP

A publishe d an initia l lis t

o f hazardou s air

pollutan t (HAP ) sourc e categorie s i n th e Federa

l Register o n Jul y 16,199 2 (5 7 FR31576)
. Thi s lis t include dOrgani c Liquid s Distributio n (non-Gasoline ) a s on e ofth e categorie s o f majo r source s fo

r whic h standard s wer e t o b e develope d an d promulgate di n th e yea r 2000
. Th e Ac t

furthe r require s that th e NESHA P fo

r eac h liste d sourc e categor

y require source s t o adop t

maximu machievabl e contro l technolog y (MACT) t o reduc e emission s o f HAP
. §112(d)
. I f

th e EPA fail s t o meet

thi s deadlin e b y mor e tha

n 1 8 months , Sectio n 11 2 (j ) include s a"hammer " provisio n requirin g tha t operatin g permit s fo

r majo r source s contai n HAP emissio n limitation s determine dt o b e equivalen t t o MACT
. Th e equivalenc y determination s ar e t o b e mad e o n acase-by-cas e basi s fo r individual sources . Sectio n 112(g ) require s case-by-cas e MAC T determination s fo r source s where n o applicabl e emissio n limitation s fo r HAP material hav e been established
. Th e final rul e governin g Sectio n 112(g ) case-by-cas e MAC T determination s fo r constructe do r

reconstructe d source s wa s publishe d i n th e Federal Register o n Decembe

r 27,199 6 (6 1 F R68384)
. Thi s rul e require s case-by-cas e MAC T fo r ne w an dreconstructe dmajo r source s t o b e consistent

wit h "ne w sourc e MACT' ; i.e. , n o les s stringent than th e emissio n contro l tha t i s achieve di n practic e b y th e bes t controlle d simila

r source , a s determine db y th e EP A Administrator
. Th e sourc e categor

y fo r whic h standard s ar

e t o b e develope di n thi s rulemakin g i s organi c liquid s distributio n (non-gasoline)
. Th e initial sourc e categor y descriptio n include s activitie s associate d wit

h th e storag e and distributio n o f organi c liquid s other

than gasolin e that

hav e a HA P content . Thi s documen t present s option s fo

r presumptiv e maximu machievabl e contro l technolog y (P-MACT ) t o serv e a s aresourc e fo r State s tha t mus t mak e case-by-cas e MAC T determination s unde

r Sectio n 112(g)
. I t

als o provide s backgroun dandsuppor t informatio n fo

r developin g arul e proposa

l and afina

l NESHA P regulation
. 1. 2 Availabl e Dat a Th e EPA projec t

tea m(EPA an dEPA contracto r staff ) considere dsevera

l availabl e source s o f informatio n i n preparin g thi s P-MAC T document
. Thes e include dacomprehensiv e literatur e searc h an d revie w o f existin g regulations , a s wel l a s meeting s an dother contact s wit

h companie s an d trad e organizations
. I n addition , a n industr y survey ha s bee n prepare dan d wa s sen t i n Apri l 199 8 t o severa

l companie s i n thi s industr

y i n orde r t o collec t detaile dfacility

specifi c informatio n o n current contro l practices
. However , n o survey result s were availabl e for us e i n reachin g th e P-MAC T conclusion s i n thi s document
. 1- 1 

# 5P. 6

6/09/9 8 Th e projec t

teammade site visit s t o thre e organi c liquid s distributio n facilitie s i n Ne w Jersey an d Philadelphi ai n Decembe r 1997 , andfou

r visit s i n OklahomaandTexa s i n Apri l 1998
. Sinc e th e informatio n obtaine d o n thes e visit s i s bein g treate da s confidentia l busines s informatio n (CBI ) pendin g revie w b y th e plant owners , detaile dinformation fromth e visit s ha s no t bee n use d t o determin e P-MACT
. A comprehensiv e revie w of regulation s affecting thi s industr y wa s als o undertake n t o allo w th e teamt o make conclusion s concernin g current level s o f control
. Th e result s o f

thi s revie w serve d a s th e principal sourc e of informatio n i n developin g th e P-MAC T level s summarize d i n th e nex t

subsection
. Tw o Roundtabl e meeting s ofth e EPA/States/industr y Wor k Tea mwere held , o n Januar

y 2 1 and Marc h 24,1998
. The secondRoundtabl e wa s hel dt o discus s comment s ofth e Wor k Tea mo n th e draf

t P-MAC T documen

t tha t hadbeen circulate dfo

r comment . Comment s wer e receive d an d subsequentl y incorporate dint o th e document , whic h serve dt o improv e th e clarity ofth e document

an d th e informatio n presente dt o suppor t th e P-MAC T conclusions
. A meeting/teleconferenc e ofth e Wor k Tea mwa s als o hel do n Februar y 12,199 8 t o discus s th e draf t industr y surve y questionnair

e unde r developmen

t withi n th e Agency
. Thes e discussions , alon g wit h anumber

o f other conversation s an

dwritte n communications , wer e use db y th e projec t teami n completin g bot

h thi s documen

t an dth e industr

y survey . Attachmen t

1 i s arevise d an

dupdate dversio n o f

apresentatio n made b y th e EP A a t th e first EPA/States/industr

y Roundtabl e meeting
. 1. 3 Summar y of

Presumptiv e MAC T 1.3. 1 Affecte d Source s Th e intial sourc e categor

y descriptio n fo

r thi s projec t

indicate dtha

t th e categor

y woul d consis t o f activitie s associate d wit

h th e storag e anddistributio n o f non-gasolin e liquid s wit

h HAP content , a t

site s that serv e a s distributio n point s fro mwhic h organi c liquid s ma y b e obtaine d fo

r furthe r us e and processing
. Th e EP A projec t tea mha s investigate dth e type s o f facilitie s that

ma y operate withi n thi s broa

dindustr y description
. For

th e P-MAC T effort , a decisio n wa s mad e t o conside r th e following facilit

y types : 1
. Stand-alon e o r

separat e liqui ddistributio n terminals ; 2
. Distributio n activitie s collocate dwit h petroleu mrefinerie s o

r chemica l productio n plants ; 3
. Pipelin e facilitie s (includin g crude oi l an dnatural ga s liquid s pipeline s afte r th e poin t o f custod y transfer) ; an

d 4
. Facilitie s tha

t compound , mix , o

r blen dliquids , andma

y packag e thes e liquid s o r blends
. 

### 1- 2 

# 4P. 7

6/09/9 8 Th e projec t

tea mwil l continu e t o wor

k wit h industr y t o define al l ofth e specifi c type s o f operation s tha

t shoul d b e include d i n thi s sourc e category . 1.3. 2 Contro l Level s for

P-MAC T Sectio n 112(d) ofth e Ac t

require s tha

t th e emissio n standard s for new sources "shal l no t b e les s stringent

than th e emissio n contro l tha t i s achieve di n practic e b y th e bes t controlle d simila r source , a s determine d b y th e Administrator. " Standard s for existing sources "ma

y b e les s stringen t than standard s fo

r ne w source s i n th e sam

e categor y o r subcategor

y bu t shal l no t b e les s stringent , an d ma

y b e mor e stringen t than — (A ) th e averag e emissio n limitatio n achieve db y th e bes t performin g 1 2 percent

ofth e existin g sources.. . fo

r categorie s andsubcategorie s with 3 0 o r more sources , o r (B ) th e averag e emissio n limitatio n achieve db y th e bes t performin g 5 sources.. . fo r categorie s o r

subcategorie s with fewe

r tha n 3 0 sources. " A s note d i n th e previou s subsection , dat ao n th e contro l level s i n effec t a t specifi c organi c liquid s distributio n facilitie s were no t availabl e fo

r making apresumptiv e MAC T determination
. However , th e revie w o f

Federal , State , andloca

l regulation s currentl y i n effect fo r source s i n thi s categor y o r simila r categorie s support s th e contro l level s i n effec t an dtherefor

e wa s use dfo

r selectin g P-MACT
. Base d o n thi s regulator

y revie w andothe

r informatio n a s discusse di n Sectio n 1.2 , Tabl e 1- 1 summarize s th e preliminar y P-MAC T contro l level s fo r th e emissio n source s a

t th e affecte d facilitie s liste d abov e i n subsectio n 1.3.1
.

1- 3 

# 7P. 8

6/09/9 8

TABLE 1-1
. SUMMAR

Y O F P-MAC T DETERMINATION S FO R ORGANIC LIQUID S DISTRIBUTIO N SOURCE S BASE D O

N FEDERAL , STATE , AN D LOCA L AIRPOLLUTIO N RULE S

Emissio n Sourc e P-MAC T Ne w Source s Existin g Source s I . STORAG

E VESSEL S A . Fixed Roof

Tanks , low vapo r pressur e liquid s

B . Fixe d Roof Tanks , hig

h vapo r pressur e liquids
C . To p Loade d Tank s

D . Externa

l Floatin g Roof Tank s (General )

E . Externa

l Floating Roo

f Tank s (Welded) > 10 k gallon s an

d > 1.9 psia , o r > 20 k gallons an

d > 1. 5 psia , o r > 40 k gallons an

d > 0.1 5 psia : Floatin g roof , o r close d ven t syste m controlle

d a t95 % by weight. > 1 1 psia : Pressur e tan k wit h n o detectabl

e emissions (NDE) o

r 9 5 % contro

l b y weight . N o floatin

g roofs . <40 k gallon s an

d > 0. 5 psia : Instal l a permanen

tsubmerge

d fil l pipe o r perfor m botto m loading . > 10 k gallons an

d > 1.9 psia , o r > 20 k gallon s an

d > 1. 5 psia , o r > 40 k gallon s an

d > 0.1 5 psia : Specifie d roo f sea l an d fitting s requirement

s (se e Sectio

n 5.1.2.1) . > 20 k gallon s an d > 1.5 psia , oj

» > 40 k gallon s an

d > 0. 5 psia : Floatin g roof , o r closed ventsyste

m controlle d a t95 % b y weigh t
>25 k gallon s an

d > 1 1 psia : Pressur e tan k wit h NDE , or 95 % contro l b y weight. N o floatin

g roofs.

> 58 0 gallon s - 40 k gallon s an d >1. 5 psia : Instal l a permanen

tsubmerge

d fil l pipe o r perfor m botto m loading . 20k-40 k gallon s an

d > 1.5 psia , o r > 40 k gallon s and > 0. 5 psia : Specifie d roof sea l an d fittings requirement

s (se e Section 5.1.2.1) . Tanks o f welded constructio n an

d < 4 psia : N o secondar

y sea l require d i f specifie d primar y seal s i n use (se e Section 5.1.2.2) . II . LIQUI

D TRANSFER A . Loadin

g Racks , > 20k gallon

s loade d pe r da y a tentir e facilit y average d over a rolling thirty-da

y | perio d > 0. 5 psia : 10 mg/lite r emissio n limit ; >1.5psia : 1

0 mg/lite r emission limi to r 98 % emissio

n reduction

. >0. 5 psia : 90 % emission reduction .



### 1- 4 \P. 9

6/09/9 8
TABL E 1-1
. (Concluded )

Emissio n Sourc e P-MAC T Ne w Source s Existin g Source s II . LIQUI D TRANSFE R(Cont. ) B . Carg o Tank Leakag e DO T tes to r EPA Metho d 27. * DO T test , possibl y EP A Metho d 27. " IH . EQUIPMEN T LEAK S Pumps , Valves , and Flange s Detaile d industr y lea k chec k practic e dat a neede d t o mak e a determination ; se e Sectio n 5.1.5 . IV . WASTEWATE RTREATMEN T AN D CONTRO L A . Wastewate r Storag e Tank s

B . Individual Drai n System s C . Oil-Wate r Separators >20k : Fixe d roo f require d >20 k an d >1. 9 psi a o r >40 k an d >0.7 5 psia : Fixe d roo f

and 95 % contro l b y weight . Vapo r suppressio n o n individua l drai n syste m openings . Fixe d roo f

and 95 % contro l b y weigh to r a floatin g roof

. Detaile d industr y wastewate r treatmenttechnolog y dat a neede d t o mak e a determination ; se e Sectio n 5.1.4 .

V . BLENDIN G Blendin g Operation s Detaile d industr y dat a require d t o mak e a determination ; se e Sectio n 5.1.6 . Furthe r industr y informatio

n i s neede d i n orde r t o determin e prevalence o

f carg o tan k testin g an d the relativ e stringenc y o f DO T test s an d the EPA' s Metho

d 2 7 (vapo r tightness ) testing
. Th e developmen t

o f thes e preliminar y P-MAC T contro l level s i s describe d i n Sectio n 5 o f thi s document
. A memorandu mpresentin g summarie s ofth e Stat e rule s reviewe d fo r thi s documen t i s include d a s Attachmen t 2
.

1-

5P.1 0

6/09/9 8 2. 0 SOURC E CATEGOR Y AN D AFFECTED SOURCE S I n th e backgroun d infonnatio n document (1 ) fo r th e EPA' s initial sourc e categor y listin g under Sectio n 112(c ) ofth e Act , apreliminar y descriptio n o f

thi s sourc e categor

y provide d tha

t organi c liquid s distributio n (non-gasoline ) sourc e categor y activitie s are associate dwit h th e storag e an d distributio n o f non-gasolin e liquid s wit

h HA P content , a

t site s tha t serv e a s distributio n point s firomwhic h organi c liquid s ma y b e obtaine dfo

r furthe r us e an dprocessing
. Thi s descriptio n i s ver

y broad , an d th e res t

o f thi s sectio n i s devote dt o providin g more detai l i n definin g th e makeup o f

thi s industry
. Facility type s tha

t th e EP A projec t

tea mi s currentl y evaluatin g withi n th e broadcategor y descriptio n includ e (se e als o Attachment 1 , pag e 10) : 1
. Stand-alon e o r

separat e distributio n terminals ; 2
. Collocate d distributio n activitie s (i.e. , associate dwit h refinerie s o r

chemica l plants) ; 3
. Pipelin e facilitie s (includin g crud e oi l an dnatura l ga s liquid s pipeline s afte

r th e poin t o f custod y transfer) ; an d 4
. Compounding/blending/packagin g plants
. Followin g i s a brie f

discussio n o f

eac h typ e o f

facilit y bein g considere dwithi n th e overal l organi c liquid s distributio n sourc e category . 2. 1 Stand-Alon e o r Separat e Distributio n Terminal s Stand-alon e distributio n terminal s are commercia l bul k liqui dloadin g terminal s tha t typicall y hav e storag e tanks , a s wel l a s pipin g an dequipment t o transfe r th e liquids
. Thes e terminal s receive , store , and distribute organi c liquid s throughou t th e Unite dStates
. Mode s o f transportatio n fo

r stand-alon e terminal s include , bu t are no t limite dto , oceangoin g tankers , tan k barges , tank

trucks , tan k

railcars , containers , andpipelines
. Th e commoditie s handle da t thes e terminal s includ e avariet

y o f chemicals , crud e oil , fue

l oils , refinedpetroleu mproducts , animal fat s an d oils , an d othe r

liquids
. Customer s o f

thes e terminal s includ e oi l producers , chemical manufacturers , produc t

manufacturers , utilities , andtransportatio n companies
. Man y o f thes e facilitie s ar

e member s ofth e Independent Liqui dTerminal s Associatio n (ILTA) , whic h maintain s acurrent director y o f it s associate dmembe

r facilitie s (2)
. Stand-alon e terminal Standard Industria l Classificatio n (SIC ) code s fal l predominantl y unde r

Majo r Group 42 , Industr

y Group Number

4220 , SI C cod e 4226 , "Special Warehousin g andStorage , No t Elsewhere Classified. " Othe r SI C code s identifie db y th e EP A projec t tea minclud e 4491 , "Marin e Carg o Handling" , 5169 , "Chemical s an dAllie dProducts , No t Elsewhere Classified, " 517 1 "Petroleu mBul k

Station s and Terminals, " an d517 2 "Petroleu man dPetroleu mProduct s Wholesalers , excep t

Bulk Station s andTerminals. " For amore detaile dpresentatio n o f applicabl e SI C codes , refe

r t o Attachment

1 , pag e 14
. 2- 1 

# ( 0P.1 1

6/09/9 8

2. 2 Collocate d Distributio n Facilitie s Man y chemical and petrochemica l companie s an dpetroleu mrefinerie s ma y hav e distributio n facilitie s i n th e for mo f tank farm s andpipeline s tha

t ar e collocate d(contiguou s and under commo n control ) wit

h th e manufacturin g facilities
. Thes e distributio n facilitie s woul d serv e simila

r function s t o thos e describe di n th e stand-alon e termina l source , th e only differenc e bein g tha t thes e facilitie s ma

y receiv e thei r

materia l fromth e collocate dplan t

site
. HAP

containin g liquid s ma

y b e store d i n thes e facilitie s andthe n distribute dvi ath e variou s mode s o f delivery
. A t present , applicabl e SI C code s fo r collocate ddistributio n facilitie s are thought t o fall under th e Majo r Group 51 , whic h include s SI C code 5169 , "Chemical s an dAllie dProducts , No t Elsewhere Classified. " I t

i s conceivabl e that

there ma y b e som e overla p i n SIC code s wit

h facilitie s regulate d b y th e Hazardou s Organi c NESHAP (HON ) and/or th e Refiner

y NESHAP
. A furthe r determinatio n an d identificatio n o f applicabl e SI C code s wil l b e performe di n th e futur e (se e als o Attachmen t

1 , pag e 16)
. 2. 3 Pipelin e Facilitie s Tw o type s o f

pipeline s are o f

interes t t o th e organi c liquid s distributio n sourc e category , crud e oi l pipeline s an d produc t (non-gasoline ) pipelines
. Produc t pipeline s ma

y carr y either refine d petroleu mproduct s o r liqui d chemicals
. Th e sourc e categor y i s considere dt o includ e crud e oi l an d natura

l ga s liquid s pipelin e facilitie s tha t handl e anddistribute non-gasolin e hydrocarbo n liquid s (containin g HAP ) afte r th e point o f custod y transfe r fromoi l andga s productio n operations
. At thi s time , i t

i s believe dtha

t th e principa

l liqui do f interes t a t thes e facilitie s i s crud e oil , becaus e o f it s significant

vapo r pressure andth e larg e volume s tha t are transported
. Pipelin e facilitie s are ofte n subsidiarie s o f

oi l andga s producin g companies
. Th e propose d Oi l and Ga s MAC T rul e woul dappl y t o thos e source s upstrea mfromth e point o f custod y transfe

r fo r crude oi l an dnatural ga s liquid s pipelines
. Th e propose dOi l and Ga s MAC T activitie s consis t ofth e variou s facilitie s use dt o recove r an dtreat hydrocarbon s from productio n wells
. Thes e source s includ e th e processing , storage , andtransportatio n o f hydrocarbon s t o th e poin t

o f custod y transfer
. Custod

y transfe r mean s th e transfe

r o f hydrocarbo n liquids , afte

r processin g and/or

treatment i n th e producin g operations , fromstorag e vessel s o r automati c transfe

r facilitie s t o pipeline s o r

an y othe r form s o f transportation
. A s mentione d above , th e Organi c Liquid s Distributio n MAC T categor y i s likel y t o include crud e oi l and natural ga s liquid s pipeline s downstrea mofth e custod

y transfer , a s wel l a s al l othe r organi c liqui d pipelines
. Thes e pipeline s are describe da s lin e pipe , valves , andothe r appurtenance s connecte d t o lin e pipe , pumpin g units , meterin g an ddeliver y stations , an dbreakou t

tanks
. Breakou t tank s are storag e vessel s use dt o reliev e surge s i n apipelin e o r t o receiv e andstore crude oi l transporte d b y th e pipelin e fo r reinjectio n andcontinue dtransportatio n b y pipeline
. 2- 2 

# l iP.1 2

6/09/9 8 Produc t pipeline s mov e liquid s suc h a s gasoline , aviatio n gasoline , fue l oils , an dothe r organi c liquid s fromrefinerie s o r chemical plant s t o storag e an ddistributio n facilities/terminal s i n area s where the y wil l b e consume do r transferred
. Applicabl e SI C code s fo

r th e pipelin e industr

y primaril y includ e Majo

r Group s 4 6 an d 47 , Industr

y Group Number s 461 0 an d4780 , andth e followin g fou r code s (se e als o Attachmen t 1 , pag e 13) : 461 2 Crud e Petroleu mPipeline s 461 3 Refine d Petroleu mPipeline s 461 9 Pipelines , No t Elsewher e Classifie d 478 9 Transportatio n Services , No t Elsewhere Classifie d Th e first thre e SI C code s relat e t o facilitie s tha t ar e engage di n th e pipelin e transportatio n o f petroleu mand other

liquids , and d o no t

cove r natura l ga s transmission
. SI C code 478 9 represent s independently operate d pipelin e termina l facilities , bu t

als o "establishment s primaril y engage d i n furnishin g transportatio n or service s incidenta

l t o transportation , no t

elsewher e classified " (3)
. 2. 4 Compounding/Blending/Packagin g Facilitie s Som e distributio n facilitie s exis t tha t compoundan dblen danddistribute organi c liquid s with HA P content . Th e EP A projec t tea mi s currentl

y attemptin g t o identif

y andlocate facilitie s that fal l unde r thi s broad category . Man

y o f thes e facilitie s stor e HAP-containin g liquids , whic h the y blen d an d packag e int o container s rangin g from60 0 gallon s o r more t o les s than 1 gallon
. Blendin g and packagin g operation s ma y b e carriedou t

at separat e (dedicated ) facilities , o r the y ma y b e collocate d wit

h agenera l distributio n termina

l operation
. (I n turn , th e distributio n terminal ma

y b e collocate d wit

h apetroleu mrefiner

y o r achemical productio n plant ; se e Sectio n 2.2. ) Applicabl e SI C code s for thi s industr

y segmen t primaril y includ e Major

Group 51 , SI C cod e 5169 , "Chemical s an d Allie d Products , No t Elsewher e Classified. " Thes e are "establishment s primaril y engage d i n th e wholesal e distributio n o f chemical s an dallie d products " (3)
. Include d i n th e SI C cod e listin g ar e establishment s that

distribut e solvents , aromati c chemicals , acids , an d als o facilitie s such a s chemical bul k station s andterminal s (se e als o Attachment

1 , pag e 15)
. T o locate and identif

y stand-alon e facilities , th e EP A projec t teamha s contacte dth e National Associatio n o f

Chemica l Distributor s (NACD ) an dha s reviewe dth e organization' s member director y (4)
. Telephon e interview s wit h andsit e visit s t o some o f thes e facilitie s hav e bee n initiate d an d wil l b e continued
. Th e projec t tea mexpect s that

th e industr

y survey wil l provid e informatio n o n th e emission s an dcontrol s i n thi s industr

y segment . 2- 3 

# SP.1 3

6/09/9 8 2. 5 Affecte d Sources/Conclusion s Th e EP A projec t

tea mha s decide dt o retai n th e broa ddescriptio n ofth e organi c liquid s distributio n (OLD ) sourc e categor y a t thi s poin t in th e projec t

s o a s no t t o inadvertentl y exclude som e source s o f

HA P emissions
. Thi s descriptio n i s expecte dt o b e improve da s additional informatio n i s gathere d on th e industry
. A s asupplemen t t o th e genera

l description , specifi c facilit y type s and activitie s wil l b e describe di n orde r to identif y th e affecte dsources . A

t thi s time , dat aar e stil l bein g collecte d t o identif y an dlocat

e th e stand-alone an dcollocate dsource s o f interest
. Th e tea

mi s not plannin g t o includ e withi n th e OL D rul e emissio n source s regulate d under th e Marin e Vesse l Loading MAC T o r other existin g MAC

T rules
. Several existin g final (and on e proposed ) MAC T rule s hav e bee n examine dt o determin e th e source s that

woul d potentially b e affectedb y th e OL D standards
. Fo r

example , at

chemica l manufacturin g plant

site s storag e vessel s associate dwit h achemica

l proces s uni t

are generally already covere d b y existin g regulations , suc h a s 4 0 CF RPar t 63 , Subpar

t F (th e Hazardou s Organi c NESHAP)
. However , certai n tank s an dloadin g rack s use dt o distribut e liquid s int o or out ofth e sam e plant

sit e ar e typicall y no t

covere db y an

y MAC T standard
. Th e OLD standard s woul d likel y apply t o such unregulate dtank s an dtransfe r operations
. Th e focu s ofth e project

i s o n major

source s at

thi s time
. Thes e ar e define dunder Sectio n 11 2 o f th e Ac t a s "an y stationar

y sourc e o r

group o f stationar y source s locate dwithi n a contiguou s are aand unde

r common contro l tha

t emit s o r ha s th e potentia

l t o emi t considerin g controls , i n th e aggregate , 1 0 ton s pe r yea r o r mor e o f an y hazardou s ai r

pollutan t o r 2 5 ton s per yea r o r mor e o f an y combinatio n o f

hazardou s air

pollutants. " Th e EPA' s listin g o f HA P sourc e categorie s showe d th e OL

D categor y a s amajo

r sourc e category , bu t

no t a s a n are asourc e category . Unde r

§112(c)(3) , standard s ma

y b e warrante dfo

r are asource s i n th e cas e o f afinding o f advers e effect s t o huma

n healt h o r th e environment
. Th e EP

A plan s t o perfor

mafinding fo

r OLD are asource s a s require d in th e Act , t o determin e whethe r they presen t

athreat o f advers e effects
.

2- 4



# \? >P.1 4

6/09/98 3. 0 EMISSIO N SOURCE S Informatio n collecte d t o dat e confirm s th e initia

l presumptio n ofth e EPA projec t tea m tha t emissio n source s a t

organi c liquid s distributio n (non-gasoline ) facilitie s are generall y simila r t o emissio n source s i n certai n industrie s studie dunde r previou s NESHAP
. Facilitie s with thes e similaritie s include petroleu mrefineries , chemica l productio n plants , an dbulk gasolin e terminals
. Thes e facilit

y type s hav e th e following emissio n source s i n common : 1
. Storag e vessels ; 2
. Liqui d transfer

activitie s (loadin g racks) ; 3
. Leak s fromequipmen t

component s (pumps , valves , etc.) ; 4
. Wastewate

r an d wast e collectio n andtreatment ; an d 5
. A t som e facilities , blendin g andpackaging activitie s ma y als o constitute aseparat e sourc e o f emissions
. I n man y cases , th e sourc e descriptions , emissio n estimatio n techniques , an dcontro l technolog y determination s mad e fo r thes e othe

r standard s may hav e applicabilit y t o OL D sources . Thi s typ e o f

informatio n i s bein g studie dfo r th e othe r NESHA P industrie s wit

h thes e emissio n source s an d tha t

ma y hav e collocate dliqui ddistributio n activities
. Th e five categorie s o f emissio n source s mentione d abov e presentl y are considere dt o b e th e principal OL D emissio n sources , and are describe d i n th e followin g sections
. I t shoul db e stresse dthat

onl y equipmen t an d activitie s tha

t are involve d i n th e distributio n o f organi c liquid s ar

e considere dpar

t ofth e category . A

t collocate d chemical productio n plant sites , for example , equipmen

t andtank s associate d wit

h aproductio n proces s shoul dalread y b e regulate db y existin g MAC T (suc h a s th e HON ) an d woul d therefore typicall y no t b e include da s a n OL D source . 3. 1 Storag e Vessel s Th e focu s o f

thi s discussio n i s storag e vessel s that participat e i n liqui ddistribution , and no t proces s tanks
. Tw o basi c categorie s o f distributio n storag e vessel s ar e founda t OL D facilities : 1
. Storag e vessel s a

t terminal s o r

othe r distributio n operations , and 2
. Breakout

tank s a t pipelin e stations
. At stand-alon e o r

separate liqui dterminal s or at distributio n operation s collocate dwit h a productio n plant

sit e (chemical productio n plant or petroleu mrefinery) , storag e tank s receiv e incomin g organi c liquid s and distribute the mback ou t ofth e facility
. Mode s o f

transpor t include : inlan d waterwa

y barges , tanker

(oceangoing ) vessels , tan k trucks , railwa

y tankcars , an d pipelines
. Petroleu mpipeline s (discusse di n Sectio n 2.3 ) are use dt o transpor t crude oi l an d 3- 1 

# 1 4P.1 5

6/09/9 8 petroleu mproduct s afte

r th e point o f custod y transfe r fromoi l productio n operations
. A t th e pipelin e pum

p stations , breakou t

tank s ar e use dfo r surg e capacity , sorting , measuring , rerouting , and temporar

y storage . Thes e breakou t

tank s receiv e liqui dfromth e pipeline , andthe n reinjec t i t fo r continue d transportatio n b y pipelin e o r t o othe r terminal s in th e loca

l area . Storag e tan

k emission s result

frombreathin g andworkin g losses
. Flas h losse s from crude oi l ma

y als o occur ; however , industr y ha s contende dtha

t flashing i s uniqu e t o th e crud e oi l extractio n process , where th e crude i s "live " an drelease s entraine do r dissolve dgase s whil e i n storag e (5)
. 3. 2 Liqui d Transfe r Operation s Hazardou s air

pollutant s ma

y b e emitte dfromdeliver

y vessel s bein g loade da t

afacilit y a s vapor s present

i n th e tank

are displace db y th e incomin g liquid
. Thes e emission s ma y consis t of vapor s remainin g from apreviou s cargo , o r ma y b e generate dfromth e liqui dbein g loaded , o r acombinatio n o f

both
. I n controlle dsystems , th e vapor s ar e route dt o afixedroo f

storag e tan

k (vapor balanc e system) o r

t o avapor contro l device
. Fugitiv e (vapo r leakage ) emission s a

t controlle d loadin g rack s ca n als o occur

du e t o leakag e point s i n th e transpor t tank o r th e facility' s vapor collectio n system . 3. 3 Leak s fro

m Equipmen tComponents Th e pumps , compressors , valves , andothe r equipmen t component s i n th e line s that transpor t th e liquid s can develo p liqui do r vapo r leak s fromwhic h HA

P ma y b e emitted
. Emissio n factor s hav e bee n develope dfo r severa l type s o f facilities , andanumber

o f Federa l regulation s addres s thi s emissio n sourc e (se e Sectio n 5.2)
. 3. 4 Wastewate r an d Othe r Waste s Wastewate

r i s generate d du e t o tan k

an dlin e cleanings , spills , liqui dblendin g o r packagin g operations , rainwate r drainage , o r

other sources . Wastewate

r i s processe da

t som e distributio n facilitie s throug h severa l type s o f treatment systems , includin g clarificatio n unit s and gravit y separators . I f

suc h wate r i s expose dt o th e atmospher e (i n uncovere dculverts , separators , sumps , o r other collectio n devices) , th e HAP constituent s in th e wate r can b e release da s ai r emissions
. The projec t

tea mi s continuin g t o investigat e emissio n source s andpotential controls , and expect s t o rely o n th e industr y survey fo

r cJat apertinent t o thi s industry
. Other wast e containin g HA

P (suc h a s semi-soli dsludge ) ma y b e generate dfromth e sam e typ e o f source s mentione d abov e fo r wastewater , a s wel l a s other sources . Thi s waste i s ofte n store d i n close d containers , an d the n shippe doffsit e fo

r treatmen t a t aspecialize doff-sit

e treatment facility
. Thes e waste s are als o frequentl y regulate dunde

r existin g hazardou s wast

e regulations
. Informatio n i s bein g collecte do n th e type s an damount s o f

semi-aqueou s waste , an

d 3-2 

# 6P.1 6

6/09/9 8

o n whether

i t constitute s asignifican

t air emissio n sourc e whil e a

t th e distributio n facility
. 3. 5 Blendin g an d Packagin g Operation s Specifi c HAP emissio n point s an demissio n rate s i n liqui dblendin g an dpackagin g operation s ar

e no t presently known
. Furthermore , onl y limite ddat aandinformatio n are availabl e o n th e product s resultin g fromth e mixing/blendin g operations
. I t i s believe dthat

th e transfer o f liquid s betwee n container s ma y constitute a

n emissio n sourc e simila

r t o th e emission s discusse d fo

r carg o tank s i n Sectio n 3.2
. Additiona l source s ma

y involv e th e other

source s previousl y described ; i.e. , storag e tanks , leak s frompipin g andequipment components , wastewater , an d other

wastes . Th e projec t

teami s continuin g t o gather informatio n o n th e detail s o f thes e operations
.

3- 3 

# GP.1 7

6/09/9 8 4. 0 EMISSIO N CONTROL S Th e emissio n source s discusse di n Sectio n 3 ar e subject t o avariet

y o f contro l measures , a s mandate d b y existin g Federal , State , andlocal air regulations
. Thi s sectio n describe s th e principa l emissio n control s that hav e bee n observe dt o b e i n us e fo r OLD operations
. Sectio n 5 wil l discus s th e level s o f

contro l require dunde r

existin g regulations
. 4. 1 Storag e Vessel s Th e population s o f

fixed-roof

andfloatin g roo f

typ e storag e vessel s use dwithi n th e organi c liquid s distributio n industr y hav e no t

ye t bee n established
. Emission s from fixed-roof tank s can b e reduce d b y usin g avapo r contro l syste mto captur

e hydrocarbon s tha t

escap e a s breathin g o r

workin g losses
. I n thes e systems , vapor s ar e route dthroug h pipin g t o acontro l device
. Anothe r

commo n contro l approac h i s th e installatio n o f a n internal o r

external floating roo f that include s seal s around th e perimeter an dsometime s other

control s o n fittings to minimiz e emissions
. For

hig h vapo r

pressure liquids , pressurize do r refrigerate dtank s ar

e ofte n use d t o contai n th e materia l and preven t

emission s (se e als o Attachment 1 , pag e 25)
. 4. 2 Liqui d Transfe r

Operation s Liqui d transfe

r into tank trucks , railcars , o r

smalle r container s can b e controlle dthroug h th e us e o f submerge d filling, avapo r collectio n an dcontrol system , o r b y balancin g th e vapor s bac k t o th e vesse l tha

t supplie d th e liqui d(excep t pipelines)
. I n thes e vapo r

collectio n systems , care mus t b e exercise d t o ensur

e that vapor s are no t

los t due t o leakage
. A requirement fo r vapo r tightnes s maintenanc e and testin g ha s bee n acomponen t o f mos t liqui dtransfer

regulations
. Thes e provision s apply t o bot h th e facilit

y equipmen t

an dth e mobil e carg o tank
. They are intende d t o ensur e tha

t collecte d vapor s are no t

los t through leakin g connectors , valves , and pipin g (se e als o Attachmen t 1 , pag e 25)
. 4. 3 Equipmen t

Component s Th e primar

y contro l option s availabl e fo r reducin g emission s du e t o equipment leak s includ e modifyin g o r

replacin g existin g equipmen t wit h leakles s equipment , an dimplementin g a lea k detectio n an d repair

(LDAR) program . A n LDA Rprogra mtypicall y consist s o f

periodi c inspectio n o f

component s fo

r leak s usin g aportabl e hydrocarbo n detector
. A n alternativ e t o instrumen t

LDA Ruse d by som

e companie s an dspecifiedi n som e rule s i s aroutin e visua

l inspectio n progra

m(se e als o Attachment

1 , pag e 25)
. 4. 4 Wastewate r

an d Othe r

Waste s Contro l o f HA P emission s fro

mwastewater

ca n b e achieve db y ventin g th e clarifie r (where used ) t o avapo r

contro l syste man denclosin g the separator wit h afloatin g roo f

(liqui d 4- 1 

# 11P.1 8

6/09/9 8
contact) o r

vapor-tight

cover (non-contact)
. Other

contro l method s include th e us e o f close d pipin g (versu s ope n trenche s o r viaducts ) anddrai n controls , such a s p-trap s andwater seal s (se e als o Attachment

1 , pag e 30)
. Fo r semi-aqueou s wast e (e.g. , sludge) , contro l woul dconsis t o f limitin g direc t

exposure to th e atmospher

e throug h storag e ofth e waste i n seale dcontainers , andlimitin g th e tim e durin g handlin g tha

t th e wast e i s exposed
.

4- 2P.1 9

6/09/9 8 

### 5. 0 CURREN T CONTRO L LEVEL S
Th e presumptiv e MAC T (P-MACT ) determination s are derive dfromacomprehensiv e revie w o f th e curren t

Federal an

d Stat e regulation s applicabl e t o emissio n point s of concern fo r th e Organi c Liquid s Distributio n NESHAP
. A t th e presen t

time , limite dsource-specifi c informatio n (derive d fro msite visits ) i s available
. Mor e specifi c sourc e informatio n wil l b e derive d fromresponse s t o th e recent industr y survey . Th e determination s fo r existin g source s i n thi s P-MAC T are base d o n a n averag e ofth e to p 1 2 percent o f potentiall y affecte dfacilities
. T o determin e th e percentag e o f affected facilities , th e percentag e o f facilitie s withi n th e State s wit h th e mos t stringen t rule s were adde d together
. Th e facilit y percentage s were derive dfromth e distribution , b y State , ofth e membership ofth e ILTA (2 ) andfromtw o current publications , th e Petroleu mTerminal Encyclopedi a(6 ) andPetroleu mSupply America s (7)
. Th e P-MAC T determination s presente di n thi s sectio n fo r ne w source s are base do n th e mos t stringen t existin g State , local , o

r Federa l regulatio n requirement s fo r simila r emissio n sources . Sectio n 112(d ) ofth e Ac t state s that standard s fo r

ne w source s mus t

b e derive d from "th e emissio n contro l tha

t i s achieve di n practic e b y th e bes t controlle dsimila

r source. " A s state d above , littl e current

industr y practic e informatio n i s availabl e a t eac h source ; therefore , thi s P-MAC T ha s bee n derive d fromcontro l level s foun di n Federal , State , andlocal regulation s tha t appl y t o industrie s wit

h simila r emissio n sources . 5. 1 Existin g Level s of Contro l 5.1. 1 Fixe d Roo f

Storag e Tank s I n general , th e stringenc y o f storag e tank

regulation s varie s dependin g o n severa l factors , whic h includ e vapo r pressur e cutoffs , storag e tan k volum e cutoffs , floatin g roo f

ri m seal requirements , floatin g roo f fitting s sea

l requirements , an dvapo r

control/reductio n requirements
. 5.1.1. 1 Lo w Vapo r

Pressur e ( < 1 1 psia ) Organi c Liquid s Fixe dRoo f Storag e Fo r storag e vessel s containin g lo w vapo r pressur e organi c liquids , P-MAC T wa s derive d from5 1 Stat e regulations , an daugmente dwit

h provision s fromth e Hazardou s Organi c NESHA P (HON) , th e Benzen e Emission s fromStorag e Vessel s (Benzene Storage ) NESHAP , and th e Volatil e Organi c Liqui d Storag e Vesse l NSP S (4 0 CFR60 , subpar t Kb)
. Th e MAC T standard s fo

r storag e vessel s i n th e HON an dth e Benzen e Storag e NESHA P requir e afloating roo f o r aclose dvent

syste mvente dt o acontro l devic e a t 9 5 percen t emissio n reductio n fo r

an y storag e tank

> 10,00 0 gallons
. Th e HO N requirement s ar e 5- 1 

# nP.2 0

6/09/9 8 fo r storag e tank s associate d wit h aproces s uni t

whic h hol dan

y organi c HA P liqui d> 1. 9 psi a store d i n storag e tank s > 10,00 0 gallons , > 1. 5 psi astore di n tank s > 20,00 0 gallons , o r > 0.1 5 psi astore d i n tank s > 40,00 0 gallons
. Th e Benzen e Storag e NESHAP standard s are fo r th e storag e o

f benzen e withi n aparticula r rang e o f specifi c gravities
. Ne w Source s Th e HO N i s th e mos t

stringen t regulatio n reviewe d wit

h respec t t o lo w vapo r

pressur e organi c liquids ; therefore , P-MAC T fo r new sources i s equivalent to afloating roo f

tank o r 9 5 percen t emissio n reductio n for

organi c HA P liquid s > 1. 9 psi astore di n storag e tank s > 10,00 0 gallons , > 1. 5 psi astore d i n tank s > 20,00 0 gallons , or >0.1 5 psi astore di n tank s >40,00 0 gallons
. Existin g Source s Th e mos t stringen t o f th e reviewe dStat

e storag e vesse l regulation s were seve n Californi aDistric t

rules , th e Chicago-Are aIllinoi s regulation , andth e Colorad o regulation
. Thes e rule s are believe d t o affect a t leas t 1 2 percen t

ofth e OLD industry ; therefore , P-MAC T fo r existing sources i s a s follows :

> 19,80 0 gallon s and> 1. 5 psia ; o r > 39,630 gallon s and> 0. 5 psia : Mus t hav e afloatin g roo f

o r vapo r contro l a t 9 5 percent

b y weight
. 5.1.1. 2 Hig h Vapo r

Pressur e ( > 1 1 psia ) Organi c Liquid s Fixe dRoo f Storag e Th e P-MAC T determinatio n fo r hig h vapo r

pressur e organi c liquid s storag e i s base d o n 2 0 State regulations , an d augmente db y th e HON , th e Benzene Storag e NESHAP , an dth e Storag e Vesse l NSP S (subpar t Kb)
. Al l of

th e regulation s reviewe dconsidere dany organi c liqui d > 1 1 psi at o fit

th e definitio n of

a"hig h vapo r

pressure " o r

"extremely volatile " liquid
. Th e requirement s of

subpar t K b andth e HO N are t o operate aclose dven t syste m route d t o acontro l devic e t o reduc e emission s b y 9 5 percen t o n an y tan k > 20,000 gallon s (NSPS ) o r > 10,00 0 gallon s (HON ) use dfo r th e storag e o f

an y organi c liqui d> 1 1 psia
. Additionally , th e MAC T standard s fo r storag e vessel s i n th e HON andth e Benzene Storag e NESHAP requir e tha

t if apressur e vesse l i s used , it mus t hav e no detectabl e organi c emissions
. 

### Ne w Source s P-MAC T for

new sources is , however , set a t aleve l base do n tw o Californi adistric t rule s (El Dorad o and Place r County) , sinc e thes e rule s d o no t contai n an

y tan k siz e cutoffs
. 5- 2P.2 1

6/09/9 8 Any storag e tank

storin g organi c liquid s > 1 1 psi ai s require dt o operate aclose dvent syste m route d t o acontro l devic e t o reduc e emission s by 9 5 percent . I f atank use dt o store organi c liquid s > 1 1 psi ai s apressur e tank , i t mus t operate wit

h n o detectabl e emissions
. 

### Existin g Swrce s I n general , th e mos t

stringen t State rule s consis t

of Californi aDistric t

rules , th e Colorad o rule , and th e Texa s rule
. Base do n thes e State andloca l regulations , P-MAC T fo

r existing sources applie s t o tank s >25,00 0 gallon s use dfo r th e storag e o f

organi c liquid s >1 1 psia
. Thes e tank s mus t

b e connecte d t o aclose dven t systemroute dt o acontro l devic e tha t reduce s emission s b y 9 5 percent . I t i s importan t

t o not e tha t P-MAC T fo

r existin g source s i s les s stringen t than th e NSP S (subpar

t Kb)
. 5.1.1. 3 To p Loade d Storag e Vessel s Th e P-MAC T leve l for

to p loade dstorag e vessel s i s derive dfrom1 5 Stat e regulations
. Th e mos t stringen t Stat e regulation s consis t

of several Californi aDistric t (Placer Count y an d Ba y Area ) rules , whic h for

mth e basi s fo r

th e new sourc e P-MACT
. Th e Louisian a regulation , th e Oklahom arule , th e Kentuck y rule , andon e Federal rule , 4 0 CF Rpar t 52 , subpart O , whic h applie s t o several countie s in Illinois , hav e simila r standard s fo

r to p loade d permanen t

storag e tanks
. Thes e rule s se t th e P-MAC T leve l fo

r existin g sources . N o othe r Federa l regulation s addressin g to p loade dstorag e tank s hav e bee n locate dfor thi s analysis
. 

### Ne w Source s P-MAC T for

new sources i s botto mloadin g o r apermanent

submerge dfill pip e for

al l stationar y storag e tank s <40,00 0 gallon s use dt o stor e organi c liquid s wit

h avapo r pressure >0. 5 psia
. Base d o n th e tw o Californi aDistric t rule s mentione dabove , there i s n o lowe r siz e limi t fo r th e affecte d tanks
. 

### Existin g Source s Base d o n th e 1 5 State regulation s an d1 Federal regulatio n reviewed , P-MAC T fo r existing sources i s apermanen t submerge dfil l pip e installe di n al l to p loade dstationar y tank s > 58 0 gallon s tha

t ar e use d t o stor e liquid s wit h avapo r pressur e > 1. 5 psia
. 5.1. 2 External Floatin g Roo f Tank s Withi n th e 1 0 State and regional regulation s tha t were reviewe dfor

th e purpos e o f determinin g P-MAC T for

external floatin g roo f

tanks , there are severa

l categorie s of standards
. Th e first

categor y i s th e general standard s for typical external floatin g roo f tanks
. Secon d ar e standard s an d exemption s fo r welde dtanks
. Finally , ther e ar e standard s an d 5- 3 

# AP.2 2

6/09/9 8 exemption s that

apply t o tank s use d t o stor e produce dcrud e oi l and condensate prio r t o leas e custod y transfer
. 5.1.2. 1 General Standard s Th e stringenc y o f

th e contro l requirement s fo r external floating roo f

tan k ri mseal s a s liste d belo w i s th e same among th e Federa l (HO N an d subpar t Kb ) an d th e Stat

e regulations
. A summar

y o f th e external floating roo f

seal requirements i n th e Federal an d Stat e rule s reviewe d i s a s follows : Fo r petroleu mliqui d storage : 1
. Tank

mus t b e fitted wit

h acontinuou s rim-mounte dsecondar y sea l extendin g fromth e floating roo f

t o th e tank

wall ; 2
. Al l seal closure device s mus t hav e n o visibl e tear s o r

opening s i n th e fabri c an

d b e intac t an d uniformly i n plac e aroun dth e circumferenc e o f th e floating roof

; 3
. Fo r

vapor-mounte d primar

y seals , th e accumulate dare aof individua l gap s ( > 0.12 5 inch ) betwee n th e secondar y sea l an d di e tank wall , mus t

no t excee d 1. 0 square inc h pe r

foot o f diameter ; 4
. Excep t

durin g loadin g whic h begin s whe n th e tank i s empty , th e floating roo f i s t o remai n floating o n th e liqui da t al l times. 1 Fo r non-petroleu morgani c liqui dstorage : 1
. Fo r

tank s equippe d wit

h amechanica

l sho e primar

y seal , th e tank

mus t b e fitted wit h acontinuou s rim-mounte dsecondar y sea l extendin g fromth e floating roo f t o th e tank

wall ; 2
. Fo r

tank s equippe d wit

h avapor-mounte dprimar y seal , th e tan k

mus t b e fitted wit h aliquid-mounte dprimary sea l an d acontinuou s rim-mounte dsecondar y sea l extendin g fromth e floating roo f t o th e tan k wall ; 3
. All seal closure device s mus t hav e n o visibl e tear s o r

opening s i n th e fabri c an

d b e intac t and uniformly i n plac e aroun dth e circumferenc e o f th e floating roof

; 4
. Fo r

vapor-mounte d primar

y seals , th e accumulate dare ao f individua l gap s ( > 0.12 5 inch ) betwee n th e secondar y sea l and th e tank

wall , mus t

no t excee d 1. 0 square inch pe r

foot of diameter ; 5
. Excep t

durin g loadin g whic h begin s whe n th e tank i s empty , th e floating roo f i s t o remai n floating o n th e liqui da t al l times. 1

1 Currentl y under

consideratio n i s allowanc e fo r th e floating roo f

t o si t dow n o n it s leg s fo r relativel y shor

t period s wit

h th e additio n o f

recordkeepin g fo

r thos e tim e periods
. 5-4 

# ISP.2 3

6/09/9 8 Th e external floatin g roo f fittings requirements fo r

organi c liqui dstorag e are : 1
. Automati c bleede r

vent s are to b e close dat

al l time s excep t

when th e roo f

i s floated of f o r lande d o n th e roo f

supports ; 2
. Emergenc y roo f

drain s are t

o b e provide dwit

h slotte dmembrane fabri c covers , o r equivalen t

whic h cover

a t leas t 9 0 percen t

o f th e are aof

th e opening ; an d 3
. Eac h automati c bleede r ven t (vacuu mbreake r vent ) an dri mspac e ven t

mus t b e equippe d wit

h agasket
. Ne w an d Existin g Source s Base d o n th e Federal , State , an dloca l regulation s reviewed , P-MAC T fo r new and existing sources i s th e applicatio n o f th e abov e liste dseal an dfitting s requirement s t o storag e o f organi c HA P liquid s i n external floating roo f storag e tanks
. Th e same tank siz e an d vapo r pressur e cutoff

s applicabl e t o th e lo w vapor pressure fixedroo f

storag e tank s (Sectio n 5.1.1.1 ) appl y t o thes e tanks
. 5.1.2. 2 Tank s o f

Welde d Constructio n Th e exemptio n o f

welde d tank s fromth e requirement for asecondar

y sea l o n external floatin g roof

s equippe d wit

h aliquid-mounte dfoa

mseal , liquid-mounte dliquid-fille dtyp e seal , o r metallic-typ e sho e seal wa s determine dfro marevie w ofth e Contro l Technique s Guideline s (CTG ) fo r Petroleu mLiqui d Storag e i n Externa l Floatin g Roo f

Tank s an dsi x Stat

e regulation s (Texas , Louisiana , Maryland , Washington , Sout h Carolina , an dIndiana)
. Th e CTG an deac h o f thes e regulation s ha s th e same standard : Fo r al l externa

l floatin g roo f

tank s o f weldedconstructio n containin g petroleu mliquid s < 4 psia , n o secondar

y seal i s require di f

th e primar

y sea l i s aliquid-mounte dfoa

mseal , liquid

mounte d liquid-fille d typ e seal , metallic-typ e sho e seal , o r equivalent
. 5.1.2. 3 Produce d Crud e Oi l an dCondensat

e Storag e Th e CT G fo r

Petroleu mLiqui dStorag e i n Externa l Floatin g Roo f Tanks , th e Volatil e Organi c Liqui d Storag e Vesse l NSP S (4 0 CF R60 , subpar

t Kb) , 1 8 Stat

e rules , an

d2 regional/urban regulation s (Chicag o Are aan dDistric t o f Columbia ) allo w an exemptio n fro m regulatio n fo

f external floating roo f

tank s < 420,00 0 gallon s that stor e produce dcrud e oi l o r condensate prio r

t o leas e custod

y transfer
. Th e sourc e categor y fo r th e Organi c Liquid s Distributio n NESHA P i s likel y t o no t include crude oi l an dcondensate prio r t o leas e custod y transfer becaus e thes e liquid s ar e currentl y propose dt o b e controlle dunder th e Oi l an d Ga s MAC T rule ; therefore , n o P-MAC T exemptio n i s neede dfo r suc h tanks
. 5.1. 3 Liqui d Transfer

Operation s 5- 5 

# z36/09/9 8

P-MAC T wa s investigate d fo r bot h o f th e emissio n source s under liqui dtransfer : loadin g rac k

vapo r collection , and vapo r

leakag e fromcarg o tank s andvapo r collectio n equipment
. 5.1.3. 1 Loadin g Rack s Th e P-MAC T determinatio n fo r loadin g rac k

vapo r collectio n wa s derive dfromth e HON , Benzen e Transfe r

Operation s NESHA P (4 0 CFR61 , subpar t BB) , Gasolin e Distributio n NESHA P (4 0 CF R63 , subpar t R) , Marin e Vesse l Loadin g Operation s NESHA P (4 0 CF R63 , subpar t Y) , and 3 0 State regulations
. Some of th e existin g standard s ar e base do n vapor emissio n contro l o n th e basi s o f percen t reduction , whil e other s ar e base do n amas s emission s limitatio n i n unit s o f mg/lite r (L ) o r lb/1,00 0 gallon s loaded
. Th e determinatio n of relativ e stringenc y i s complex , an d varie s dependin g o n th e uncontrolle demissio n factor s fo r th e liquid s in question
. Thi s emissio n facto r

i n tur n i s afunction o f

th e vapo r pressure o

f th e liquid
. Fo r

transfer o f highe r vapo r pressur e liquids , a n emissio n limi t standar dwoul db e more stringent
. Fo r lower vapo r pressur e liquid s transfer , emission s reductio n o n aweigh t percentag e basi s i s mor e stringent
. Thi s issu e wil l b e investigate d furthe r for th e principal liquid s of

interes t i n th e OL D category . Mos t Federa l and Stat

e regulation s hav e a20,00 0 gallon s pe r da y (average dover

a continuou s 30-da

y period ) throughput

cutoff
. If th e entir e facilit

y exceed s thi s limit , i t

mus t comply wit

h th e respectiv e standard ; if not , i t i s exempte dfromth e standard
. Th e mos t stringen t organi c liqui dtransfer

operatio n regulatio n identifie di s th e California-Sacramento rule , fo r whic h th e standardi s a n emissio n limi t o f 1 0 mg/ L fo r

any transfer operation s fo r

organi c liquid s with avapo r pressure >0. 5 psia
. Th e HO N standard s fo

r transfe r operation s o

f organi c HAP wit

h avapo r pressur e > 1. 5 psi astat e that

ne w source s mus t

hav e avapor

recover y systemtha

t reduce s emission s b y at leas t 9 8 percent , an d existin g source s mus t reduc e emission s b y 9 7 percent . Th e Gasolin e Distributio n NESHA P and th e Refiner y NESHA P hav e di e sam

e emissio n limit , 1 0 mg/

L for gasoline transfe r

operations
. The Benzen e Transfe r Operation s NESHAP require s 9 8 percen t emissio n reductio n fo r

an y organi c liqui dtha t

i s at leas t 7 0 percen t

benzene , b y mean s o f

a vapor-tigh t

vapo r recover y system . Th e Marin e Vesse l NESHA P require s 9 8 and9 7 percen t emissio n reductio n for

ne w an d existin g sources , respectively , fo r transfer o f any organi c liqui d with avapo r

pressur e > 1. 5 psia
. Ne w Source s P-MAC T fo

r new sources ha s thre e parts . First , i t applie s to an

y facilit y tha t transfer s a n averag e o f

> 20,00 0 gallon s per

da y ove r acontinuou s 30-da

y period
. Next , fo

r organi c 5- 6 

# I AP.2 5

6/09/9 8 liquid s >0. 5 psia , th e emissio n limi t i s 1 0 mg/ L base do n th e California-Sacramento rule
. Lastly , fo r

organi c liquid s > 1. 5 psia , 9 8 percen t emissio n reductio n (th e HON ) o r a n emissio n limi t

o f 1 0 mg/ L (California-Sout

h Coas t andSa n Joaquin ) applie s dependin g upo n whic h i s mor e stringent

for th e specifi c liqui dtransferred
. Existin g Source s P-MAC T fo

r existing sources i s fo

r facilitie s tha

t transfe r >20,00 0 gallon s pe r

da y (average d ove

r acontinuou s 30-da

y period) , andconsist s o f

an emissio n reductio n o f

9 0 percent fo r organi c liquid s wit

h avapo r pressure >0. 5 psia
. Thi s i s base do n th e Texa s andCaliforni a (Sout h Coast , Sa

n Joaquin , an d Ba

y Area) regulations
. Presently , ther e i s no t enoug h informatio n to mak

e amore stringent

contro l level determinatio n fo r organi c liquid s >1. 5 psia
. I t i s likel y that

th e informatio n obtaine d throug h th e industr y survey wil l provid e th e basi s fo r a MAC T floo r

determinatio n fo

r organi c liquid s >1. 5 psi at o supplement th e standardfor

organi c liquid s >0. 5 psia , 5.1.3. 2 Vapor

Leakag e Contro l requirement s fo

r vapo r leakag e fromcontrolle dliqui dtransfe r operation s hav e bee n specifie d in severa

l Stat e rules , th e Tank

Truc k CTG , th e Bul k

Gasolin e Terminal NSPS , an d th e Gasolin e Distributio n NESHAP
. Thes e standard s an dguidanc e consis t o f an annua l vapo r tightnes s tes t

fo r carg o tank s andlea

k testin g i n th e field usin g acombustibl e ga s detector
. Th e vapo r tightnes s requirement s b y th e State s andth e EP A hav e primaril y addresse dgasolin e transfer operations , and typicall y apply t o tank trucks
. Th e applicabilit

y o f thi s typ e o f

emissio n contro l t o non-gasolin e liquids , an d t o railcar s handlin g an y typ e o f liquid , i s variable
. Th e Gasolin e Distributio n NESHAP doe s apply t o railcar s loadin g gasolin e a t affectedfacilities
. Industr y ha s state d tha

t vapo r collectio n an dcontro l i s rarel y applie dt o th e transfe r o f chemicals , bu t i t i s require d under

some circumstance s i n part s o f California , Texas , an dpossibl y other States
. Th e Departmen

t o f Transportatio n (DOT ) require s aperiodi c hydrostati c or pneumati c pressure tes t

fo r carg o tanks
. I n general , th e DO T carg o tank requirement s are safet

y relate d an d apply t o th e preventio n o f

liqui d losses , rather

tha n vapo r emissions
. Th e current

industr y practic e for

carg o tank s equippe d t o perfor mvapo r recover y o r vapo r balancin g i s t o perfor

mth e EPA Metho d 2 7 tes t

t o certif y th e tank fo r vapo r tightaess
. Metho d2 7 woul donly b e performe d o n tank s that

are equippe d an d require dt o perfor mvapo r recover y o r vapo r balancing , whic h i n tur n woul d b e determine d b y th e loadin g rac k (transfer ) requirements
. Industr

y ha s state d that Metho d 2 7 i s considere d t o b e a n acceptabl e substitut

e fo r th e DO T testing
. A t thi s time , th e applicabilit

y ofth e current

vapo r tightness contro l level s t o general orgamc liquid s distributio n i s uncertain
. Th e projec t tea mwil l b e collectin g additiona l information , and then performin g analyse s o f floo r contro l level s andemissio n reductio n 5- 7 

# 7.SP.2 6

6/09/9 8 potentia l fromthes e measures . 5.1. 4 Wastewater

Treatment Th e determinatio n relate d t o air emission s fromwastewater durin g collectio n and treatment i s base d o n arevie w o f

seven curren t

statewid e wastewate r

regulations
. I n general , th e Stat e wastewater

regulation s ar e case-specifi c andindustry-specific
. Thus , they ma y no t b e applicabl e t o distributio n facilitie s i n th e OLD sourc e category . I n orde r t o develo p appropriate MAC T standard s fo r wastewater , th e projec t

teamintend s t o collec t

additional informatio n with respec t

t o curren t

industr y wastewater

processe s an dcontro l measures . Th e HO N an d th e Benzen e Waste Operation s an dOil-Water Separato r NESHA P offe

r som e guidanc e fo r

evaluatin g th e bes t

curren t contro l performanc e i n wastewater treatmen t operations
. Th e HO N standard s for wastewate

r storage , drai n system s (junctio n bo x o r drains) , treatmen t

systems , and oil-water

separator s ar e base dupo n wastewater tha t meet s th e following requirement s fo

r ne w andexistin g sources : 1
. Contain s > 1 0 ppm w total volatil e organi c HAP s (liste di n Tabl e 8 o f subpar t F ) and ha s aflow rat e >0.0 2 liters/minut e (ne w sources) ; o r 2
. Contain s > 1,000 ppm w tota l volatil e organi c HAP s (liste di n Tabl e 9 o f subpar t F ) an d ha s aflo

w rate > 1 0 liters/minut e (new andexistin g sources) ; o r 3
. Contain s > 10,00 0 ppm w total volatil e organi c HAP s (liste di n Tabl e 9 o f subpar t F ) at an y flow rate . Ne w Source s Th e wastewater

operation s o

f th e facilitie s i n th e organi c liquid s distributio n sourc e categor y ar e likel y t o hav e similaritie s t o thos e at aHON-regulate d productio n facilit y o r a refinery ; therefore , P-MAC T fo r new sources include s standard s fo r fou r categories : wastewate r storag e tanks , individua

l drai n systems , treatmen t

systems , andoil-wate r separators . Th e firs t wastewater

storag e tan

k requirement

i s afixedroo f

for an y tan k > 20,00 0 gallon s use d t o stor e wastewater , a s definedabove
. Th e secon di s afixedroo f andclose d ven t systemroute d t o acontro l devic e a t 9 5 percent

emissio n reductio n fo

r tank s > 20,00 0 whic h stor e wasterwater

> 1. 9 psia
. Th e thirdrequirement leve l i s afixed roo f

andclose dven t systemroute d t o acontro l devic e a t 9 5 percent

emissio n reductio n fo

r tank s > 40,00 0 whic h store wasterwater

>0.7 5 psia
. Individua

l drai n system s ar e require dt o b e designe dt o minimiz e vapo r

emission s whil e als o minimizin g th e potential fo r explosion
. Oil-water separator s mus t

hav e eithe r

afixed roo f

wit h aclose dven t

syste mroute dt o acontro l devic e t o reduc e emission s b y 9 5 percen t o r afloating roof

. 5- 8 

# i_ uP.2 7

6/09/9 8 Existin g Source s Currently , th e practice s of th e sourc e categor

y ar e no t know n i n sufficient

detai l t o develo p P-MAC T fo

r wastewate

r treatmen t fo r existing sources. Th e industr y surve y result s ar e expecte d t o provid e th e detaile d informatio n neede dto determin e th e appropriat e contro l levels
. 5.1. 5 Equipment

Leak s Th e equipment

(pumps , valves , flanges, etc. ) at facilitie s i n th e organi c liquid s distributio n sourc e categor y i s assume dto b e simila

r t o certai n equipment

at achemical production , refinery , o

r gasolin e distributio n facility
. Facilitie s regulate dunde r th e HO N an d th e Refiner

y NESHAP (wit

h higher-emittin g equipment) hav e full instrumen t LDA R requirements , whil e facilitie s unde r th e Gasolin e Distributio n NESHA P (wit h lower-emittin g equipment ) hav e avisua

l (sight , sound , andsmell ) lea k check standard
. Th e projec t

tea mha s no t determine dwhic h typ e o f lea k detectio n progra mrequiremen t (o r whether an y requirement) i s appropriate for th e equipmen

t at OLD sources . Dat aan d informatio n o n th e emissio n rate s fromthi s equipment andth e curren t

practice s withi n th e sourc e categor

y ar e needed
. Informatio n o n curren t lea k detectio n practice s i s expecte d t o b e collecte d i n th e industr

y survey . Th e EP A wil l wor k wit h industr y t o determin e leakag e an d emissio n rate s fro mthi s equipment
. 5.1. 6 Blendin g an

d Packagin g Specifi c rule s affectin

g blendin g an

dpackagin g activitie s directl y hav e no t bee n identified ; therefore , n o P-MAC T determinatio n fo r thi s emissio n sourc e ha s bee n made
. Th e teamplan s t o collec t

additiona l infonnatio n throug h site visits , other contact s wit

h industr y an d trad e groups , and th e industr y survey of

individual facilities
. Analyse s o f floor level s of contro l and potential emission s reductio n wil l b e performe dusin g thi s information
. 5. 2 Federa l Regulation s Belo w are brie f

summarie s o f

severa l existin g o r

propose dFedera

l ai r rule s that ma y appl y o r hav e simila

r contro l level s an dtechnologie s t o th e distributio n facilitie s i n thi s sourc e category . 5.2. 1 Hazardou s Organi c NESHA P (HON ) (subpart s F , G , H , I ) Th e HO N applie s to chemica l manufacturin g proces s unit s tha t are : (1 ) par

t o f amajor sourc e a s define d i n sectio n 11 2 o f th e Act ; (2 ) produc e a s aprimar y produc t aSOCM I chemical 5- 9 

# 1X\P.2 8

6/09/9 8 liste d i n Tabl e 1 o f

subpar t F ; an d (3 ) us e a s areactant

o r manufactur

e a s aproduc t

o r by-produc t o r co-produc t

on e o r more ofth e organi c HAP s liste dTabl e 2 o f subpar t F
. Amon g othe r

thing s th e HON set s contro l requirement s fo r storag e vessel s an dtransfe r operations
. Th e storag e vesse l provision s d o no t apply t o th e following : (1 ) pressure vessel s designe d t o operate i n exces s o f

204. 9 kP a(29. 7 psia) ; (2 ) vessel s wit h capacitie s smaller

than 3 8 m 3 (10,00 0 gallons) ; (3 ) wastewate r tanks ; and(4 ) vessel s storin g liquid s that contai n organi c HAP s onl y a s impurities
. Th e storag e provision s requir e tha t on e ofth e followin g contro l system s b e applied : (1 ) an interna

l floating roo f

wit h prope r seal s andfittings; (2 ) a

n externa l floating roo f wit h proper seal s and fittings; (3 ) a

n externa l floatin g roo f

converte dt o an interna

l floatin g roo f wit h proper seal s and fittings ; o

r (4 ) aclosed-ven

t syste mtha

t vent s t o a9 5 percent

efficient contro l devic e o r

tha t transport s gase s back

into th e process . Transfe r operation s ar

e defineda s th e loadin g o f

liqui dproduct s that

ar e o n th e lis t

o f organi c HAP s from atransfe r rac k int o atank

truc k o r railcar
. Th e transfer

provision s d o no t appl y t o th e loadin g o f

liqui d organi c HAP s a

t a n operatin g pressure i n exces s o f 204. 9 kP a(29. 7 psia) ; loadin g o f

marin e vessels ; rack s loadin g liqui dorgani c HAP s only a s impuritie s ; o r rack s loadin g liqui d organi c HAP s i f emission s ar

e returne dt o astorag e vesse l i n avapo r balancin g system . Th e transfe

r provision s requir

e contro l o f

transfe r rack s t o achiev e 9 8 percent organi c HA P reductio n o r

a n outle t concentratio n o f

2 0 ppmv . Combustio n device s o r produc t recover y device s ma

y b e use d t o comply wit

h thi s requirement
. Alternatively , vapo r balancin g system s ma y b e used
. 5.2. 2 Petroleu mRefiner

y NESHA P (subpar t CC ) Th e Petroleu mRefiner

y NESHAP applie s t o petroleu mrefinin g units , al l gasolin e loadin g rack s classifie d unde r Standar dIndustria

l Classificatio n (SIC ) cod e 2911 , al l marin e vessel s loadin g operation s locate d at petroleu mrefinery , an dal l storag e vessel s an dequipmen t leak s associate d wit

h abul k gasoline termina

l o r pipelin e breakou t

statio n under

SI C cod e 291 1 locate d withi n acontiguou s are aan d unde r commo n contro l wit

h arefinery
. Ne w storag e tank s ar

e require dt o hav e floatin g roof s wit h primar y an dsecondar

y seal s i f th e tan k fits either ofth e tw o following scenarios : (1 ) tank capacit y >40,00 0 gallons , tru e vapo r pressure (TVP ) >0. 5 psia , an d HA P liqui dconcentratio n >2% ; or (2 ) tank capacit y >20,00 0 gallon s and <40,00 0 gallons , TVP >11. 1 psia , andHA P liqui dconcentratio n >2%
. Fo r gasolin e loadin g racks , i f

th e SIC code i s 2911 , o r

th e loadin g rac k

i s contiguou s an d under commo n control , the n th e facilit y mus t comply wit

h th e Gasolin e Distributio n NESHA P (subpar t R)
. Loadin g operation s into marin e vessel s a t refiner y facilitie s mus t

comply wit

h th e Marin e Vesse l Loadin g NESHA P (subpar t Y)
. 5.2. 3 Propose d Oil/Natura l Ga s Distrib./Transmissio n NESHAP (subpart s HH , HHH )

5-1 0 

# lft >P.2 9

6/09/9 8 Example s o f

facilitie s include , bu t

ar e no t limite dto , wel l sites , satellite tank batteries , centra l tank batteries , grade d pa

d sites , andnatura

l ga s processin g plants
. A facilit y typicall y i s (1 ) anatura

l ga s compresso r

statio n tha

t receive s natural ga s vi apipelin e froma n undergroun d natura l ga s storag e operation , fromacondensat e tank battery , o r

fromanatural ga s processin g plant ; o r (2 ) a n undergroun d natura

l ga s storag e operation
. Th e EP A i s describin g th e organi c liquid s distributio n (non-gasoline ) sourc e categor y a s includin g thos e facilitie s that distribute hydrocarbo n liquid s afte r th e poin t o f custod y transfer
. Fro mth e languag e i n thes e propose d rule s andpreamble , th e organi c liquid s distributio n categor y wil l hav e t o accoun t

fo r som e ofth e facilitie s that

hav e arelationshi p to th e operation s covere d b y subpart s H H an d HHH
. 5.2. 4 Gasolin e Distributio n NESHA P (subpar t R ) Subpar t Rapplie s to bulk

gasolin e terminal s andpipelin e breakou t station s that

ar e par t o f amajo r sourc e a s define d i n sectio n 11 2 ofth e Act
. A bul k gasolin e terminal o r

pipelin e breakou t statio n wit

h SI C code 291 1 i s subject t o thi s rule
. Th e emission s t o th e atmospher e fromth e vapo r

collectio n andprocessin g system s du e t o th e loadin g o f

gasolin e carg o tank s mus t no t exceeda1 0 mg/

L emissio n limit
. Th e storag e vesse l requirement s are simila r t o 4 0 CF R60 , subpar

t K b requirements
. 5.2. 5 Benzen e Emission s fromStorag e Vessel s NESHA P (subpar t Y ) 4 0 CF R61 , subpar

t Y applie s t o storag e vessel s that store benzen e havin g aspecifi c gravit y withi n aspecifie d range . A designate dsourc e i s subjec t thi s rul e a s well a s t o th e provision s o f

4 0 CFR60 , subpar

t Kb
. Th e provision s o f

thi s rul e specif

y tha t adesignate d sourc e wit h astorag e capacit

y greate r tha n 10,000 gallon s mus t

hav e an interna

l floating roof

, a n externa l floating roof

, o r aclose d vent

syste mwit h acontro l device
. I f

astorag e vesse l i s equippe d wit

h aclose d vent

systemandacontro l device , th e contro l devic e mus t reduc e inle t benzen e emission s b y at

leas t 9 5 percent . 5.2. 6 Marin e Vesse l Loadin g NESHA P (subpar t Y ) 4 0 CF R63 , subpar

t Y applie s t o marin e vesse l loadin g operation s tha t are par t o f amajo r sourc e a s defined in sectio n 11 2 o f th e Act
. Th

e provision s appl y t o commoditie s wit h atru e vapor pressur e >1. 5 psia , an

d specif y tha t ther e mus t b e ship-to-shore compatibility , vapo r tigh t connections , an

d avapo r collectio n system . Ne

w andexistin g facilitie s mus t reduc e HA P emission s afte

r vapo r collectio n b y 9 8 an

d9 7 percen

t b y weight , respectively
. 5.2. 7 Benzen e Wast

e Operation s NESHA

P (subpar t FF )
5-1 1 

# S\P.3 0

6/09/9 8 Th e provision s o f

thi s NESHA P appl y t o chemica l manufacturin g plants , cok e by-produc t recover y plant s and petroleumrefinerie s at whic h th e total annua

l benzen e quantit

y from tiie facilit y wast e i s greate

r tha n 1 0 megagram s per

year . Each tan

k i n whic h th e wast e strea

mof water conten t les s than 1 0 percent

i s place dmus t

maintai n afixed-roof, closed-ven t syste man d acontro l devic e wit

h emissio n reductio n at

9 5 percent . 5.2. 8 Benzen e Transfe

r Operation s NESHA

P (subpar t BB ) Th e affected facilit

y t o whic h thi s subpar

t applie s i s th e total o f

al l loadin g rack s a

t whic h benzen e an

y liqui d containin g 7 0 percen t benzen e i s loadedinto tan k trucks , railcars , o r

marin e vessel s a t eac h benzen e productio n facilit y an deac h bulk

terminal
. Dedicate dloadin g rack s a t whic h benzene-lade n waste , gasoline , crud e oil , natura l gas , o r petroleu mdistillate s are loade d are exempt . Eac h loadin g rack mus t b e equippe dwit

h avapor collectio n syste mfromwhic h th e collecte d vapor s are route d t o acontro l devic e t o reduc e th e emissio n b y 9 8 percen t b y weight
. 5.2. 9 Miscellaneou s Organi c NESHAP (MON) [pre-proposal ] Wit h th e promulgatio n ofth e Miscellaneou s Organi c NESHA P b y th e yea r 2000 , th e EP A intend s t o propos e asingl e se t o f emissio n standard s tha

t wil l appl y t o mor e than 2 0 liste d sourc e categorie s o f

HAP
. Industrie s wit

h SI C code 2 8 wil l b e affectedb y thi s regulation , a s wil l organi c chemica

l processe s describe db y SI C code s 282,284,285,286,287,289 , an d386
. Th e rul e wil l affect

facilitie s tha

t us e batc h organi c processes . Th e MO N i s expecte d t o cover sourc e categorie s including : chlorinate dparaffin s production , carbony l sulfid e production , explosive s production , hydrazin e production , photographi c chemical s production , an drubbe r chemical s production
. I t

wil l als o cover

proces s vent s for batc h reactor s use d i n producin g organi c chemical s liste di n Tabl e 1 o f 4 0 CFRPar

t 63 , subpar t F (Hazardou s Organi c NESHAP) , andHA P emission s fromsyntheti c organi c chemica l manufacturin g industr

y (SOCMI ) processe s usin g HA P only a s asolvent
. Furthermore , th e MO N wil l cover

th e productio n o f

pesticid e intermediate s no t covere db y th e Agricultura l Chemical s NESHAP , and productio n o f by-products , co-product s andintermediate s no t considere d primar

y product s unde

r th e NESHAP fo

r Grou p I an dGroup I V polymer s an d resins
. I n addition , th e MO

N wil l cove

r thos e produc t

processe s identifie db y th e EP A base dupo n informatio n gathere d whic h include s alcohols , oi l additives , etc. , an dothe r produc t processe s no t identifie d b y an

y other MAC T standard
. 5. 3 State/Loca l Regulation s Th e lis t o f Stat e and loca l regulation s tha

t apply t o emissio n source s tha t occur i n th e organi c liquid s distributio n industr y wa s discusse dearlie

r andi s discusse din more detai l i n Attachment

2-Summar y o f

State/Loca

l Regulations
. 5-1 2
^P.3 1

6/09/9 8

6. 0 SUMMAR

Y O F ISSUE S AN

D NEX T STEP S
6. 1 Issue s i n th e NESHA P Developmen t Th e EP A projec t

teaman d th e Wor

k Tea mhav e identifie dsevera

l issue s that

nee d t o b e addresse d durin g th e standard s developmen t process . Th e mos t

significan t issue s cente r

aroun d th e definitio n ofth e OL D industry , an dth e specifi c facilities , operations , an dliquid s that nee d t o b e covere d b y th e standards
. Som e ofth e ke y issue s ar e discusse dbelo w (se e als o Attachmen t 1 , page s 2 9 an d 30)
. Th e remainde r o f thi s section briefly addresse s th e nex t step s i n th e regulatory process . Industry description. Th e curren t descriptio n o f

thi s sourc e categor

y i s focuse dprimaril y o n stand-alon e o r

separat e distributio n operation s (i.e. , no t collocate dwit

h achemica

l manufacture

r o r apetroleu mrefinery) , which ma y consis t either o f abulk liqui dterminal o r

a pipelin e facility
. I n contras t t o terminals , pipelin e facilitie s exis t alon g apipeline , receivin g produc t and returnin g i t

for continue d transportatio n b y pipeline
. Th e issu e concern s th e exten t ofth e collocate ddistributio n operation s tha t shoul db e include d i n thi s sourc e category , an dwhethe r there ar e additional type s o f facilitie s o r

operation s no t alread y considere d tha t

shoul d b e includedi n th e category . Thes e additiona l facihtie s may b e either stand-alon e o r

collocate d wit

h afacilit y whos e primar

y functio n i s no t

liqui ddistribution
. Anothe r issu e concern s whethe r

liquid s consumeda

t th e distributio n facilit

y (e.g. , fuels ) shoul d b e include d i n th e regulator y coverage . Additionally , member s ofth e Roundtabl e teamrequeste d furthe r refinement

o r definition s o f

tiie term s "distribution " an d"custod y transfer. " Impact of existing rules. Severa

l Federa l NESHA P standard s hav e been promulgate d o r are unde r development

(se e Sectio n 5.1 ) tha

t affec t th e manufactur

e andhandlin g o f

HAP

containin g organi c liquids
. A continue dfocu s i s t o investigate liqui ddistributio n activitie s no t alread y regulate d o r

planne d for

regulatio n unde

r thes e other

standards
. Conversely , th e tea m wishe s t o avoi d duplicatin g an y MAC T requirement s already i n effec t o r planne dfor

source s i n thi s o r simila r industries
. Example s ar

e distributio n storag e an drelate dliqui dhandlin g operation s at

refinerie s an d chemical plants
. Major/area source determination. A determinatio n ofth e numbe r o f majo r source s i n th e categor y ha s no t bee n made
. Du e t o th e apparen t larg e number

o f are asources , th e projec t

team wil l need to investigate ho w t o define ou t ofth e rul e a s man

y are asource s a s possibl e t o lesse n th e nee d fo r permittin g o f

are asources . Also , are asource s wil l hav e to b e analyze dan da regulator y determinatio n wil l hav e to b e made , sinc e §112(c)(3 ) ofth e Ac t require s tha t

are a source s b e regulate d i f

the y presen t

" athrea t o f advers e effect s t o huma

n healt h o r th e environment. " 6- 1



# 3 1P.3 2

6/09/9 8 Additional

data gathering. Dat agatherin g fo r th e P-MAC T development andfo r th e eventual development

ofth e NESHAP ha s produce dusefu l information , bu t

additiona l dat aar e neede d t o fully defin

e th e industr

y an dperfor

mth e analyse s t o suppor

t emissio n standards
. Thes e analyse s wil l include option s fo r industr y subcategorization , mode l plant development , baselin e emission s estimates , MAC T contro l level s determination , an dcontro l technolog y assessments . Th e project

tea mexpect s result s fromth e industr y surve y an dcontinue dcontact s wit h th e Wor k Tea mt o b e useful i n providin g thi s information
. Technical issue s tha

t were identifie dfo

r futur e resolutio n include : 1 ) th e equipmen t necessar y t o properly collec t

vapor s displace dfromtan

k track s an dother

container s need s t o b e identifie d an d analyzed ; 2 ) th e emissio n rate s fromcontrolle dan duncontrolle dequipment leak s frompump s and valve s specifically fo r thi s sourc e categor

y nee dt o b e quantified ; 3 ) th e differenc e betwee n settin g mas s versu s percent reductio n limit s for

displacemen t

losse s from transfe r operation s need s t o b e analyzed ; 4 ) th e level o f contro l fo r leakag e fromcarg o tank s and container s need s t o b e identifie d an dquantified , includin g th e differenc e betwee n DO T an d EP A (Metho d 27 ) standards ; an

d 5 ) multi-HA P content

dat afo r petroleu mproduct s an dchemica l blend s are needed
. 6. 2 Nex tStep s Revie w o f existin g regulations , plan t

visits , andRoundtabl e meeting s wit h industr y an d State representative s wil l b e use d t o better defin e th e sourc e categor

y an dit s affectedsources , and t o addres s othe

r regulator y an d technica

l issues
. Result s fromth e industr

y surve y wil l b e analyzedfo r th e purpos e o f

performin g th e analyse s neede d t o develo

p and suppor

t MAC T standard s fo

r thi s category . Th e EPA projec t tea mwil l continu e to collec t

dat aan dinformatio n i n orde r t o refin e th e industr

y profil e an d defin e th e facilit

y type s and emissio n source s that nee dt o b e include dunde r

th e MAC T standards
. Additiona

l site visit s wil l b e made wit h th e purpos e o f

gatherin g furthe

r informatio n an d understandin g th e rang e o f facilit y types . Th e projec t

tea mwil l b e meetin g wit

h th e industr

y and regulator

y stakeholder s a s necessar

y t o discus s issue s i n thi s rul e development
. A majo r project mileston e andwor

k effor t wil l b e th e analysi s an dsummar y o f response s t o th e industr

y survey . Thi s analysi s i s expecte dt o occu r i n th e summer

an dfall o f

1998
. Th e development

o f MAC T floors and drafting o f

arul e proposa

l wil l follo w thi s analysi s effort
.



### 6- 2
^P.3 3

6/09/9 8
7. 0 REFERENCE S

1
. U.S
. Environmenta

l Protectio n Agency
. 1992
. Documentatio n fo r Developin g th e Initia l Sourc e Categor

y List-Fina l Report
. OAQPS , Researc h Triangl e Park , Nort h Carolina
. 2
. 199 7 ILTA Directory , Independent Liqui dTerminal s Association
. Washington , D.C
. 3
. Offic e o f

Management

an d Budget
. 1987
. StandardIndustria l Classificatio n Manual
. National Technical Informatio n Service , Springfield , Virginia
. 4
. 199 7 NAC D Directory , National Associatio n o f Chemica l Distributors
. Arlington , Virginia
. 5
. Letter

fromYoung , Priscill aJ. , America n Petroleu mInstitute , t o Bruc e Jordan , U.S
. EPA/ESD
. Ma

y 24,1995
. RE : Removin g th e Crud e Oi l Transportatio n Secto r fromth e National Emissio n Standard s fo r Hazardou s Ai r

Pollutant s fo

r Oi l & Natural Ga s Productio n Facilities
. 6
. Newton , Denise , e t al
. Petroleu mTermina

l Encyclopedia
. Oi l Pric e Informatio n Servic e (Stalsby/Wilson)
. Rockville , Maryland
. 1997
. 7
. Newton , Denise , e t al
. Petroleu mSupply Americas
. Oi l Pric e Informatio n Service
. Lakewood , Ne w Jersey
. 1997
.

7- 1



# 33P.3 4

Attachmen t1 

## PRESUMPTIV E MAC T FO R ORGANI C LIQUID S (NON-GASOLINE ) DISTRIBUTIO N FACILITIE S

JUN E 199 8 REVISE D EP A PRESENTATIO

N FRO M FIRS T ROUNDTABL

E MEETIN

G

Wast e an d Chemica

l Processes Grou

p Offic e o f Ai r Qualit

y Planning an

d Standards U.S . Environmenta

l Protection Agenc

y Researc h Triangle Park, N C


# 3HP.3 5



# OVERVIE

W
Standard s Developmen tProces s Presumptiv

e MAC T • MAC T • Projec

tSchedul e Affecte d Source s

• Definitio

n o f Sourc e Categor y • Industr

y Profil e Mode l Plants/Facilitie

s Emission s an d Control s

• HA P Emission

s • Emissio

n Control s Curren tContro l Level s (MAC T Floors ) Issues/Question s

2



# rtP.3 6



# STANDARD S DEVELOPMEN T

PROCES S

3 

# 3 ^P.3 7



# PRESUMPTIV

E MACT IS.. . [MAC T = maximu

m achievable control technology ]



# • A n estimat

e of wha tMAC T woul d be , base d on a revie w o f currently availabl e informatio n

• Assists Stat

e an d local agencies i n makin g case by-cas e MAC T determinations

• No ta regulatio n - offere d only fo r guidance an

d informatio n

• A startin g poin tfo r th e MAC T standard developmentproces s

4P.3 8



# STATUTOR

Y REQUIREMENT S Promulgatio n o

f national emission standard s fo r hazardou s ai r pollutant s (NESHAP

) fo r liste d source categorie s i s required unde r §112(d ) ofth e Clea

n Ai r Act Organi c Liquids Distributio n (Non-Gasoline ) i s a liste d majo r source categor y unde r §112(c ) [Federal Register , 5 7 F R31576 , Jul y 16,1992 ] Promulgatio n o

f standard s i s require d b y Novembe r 2000

5



# 3 3P.3 9



# STATUTOR

Y REQUIREMENTS (2 )

• "Major Source " mean s an y stationary source o r group o f stationary sources locate d withi n a contiguou s are a an

d under commo n control tha t emit s o r has th e potentia

l to emit , considerin g controls , i n th e aggregate , 1 0 ton s pe r yea r of an y hazardous ai r pollutant(HAP ) o r 2 5 tons pe r yea r o f an y combinatio n o

f HA P

• "Are a Source " means an

y stationary HA

P sourc e thati s nota majo r sourc

e

• "Ne w Source " means a stationar y source , th e constructio n o r reconstructio n o f which i s commence

d afte r the Administrato r firstpropose s regulation s unde r §11 2 establishin g a n emissio n standard applicabl e t

o suc h sourc e

• "Existing Source " mean s an y stationar

y source othe r than a ne w sourc

eP.4 0



# STATUTOR

Y REQUIREMENT S (3 ) 

# Minimu m leve l o f

standard s ("MAC T floor")

• Fo r existing sources, th e standar d shal l b e at leas ta s stringenta

s th e averag

e emissio n limitatio n achieve d b y th e bestperformin g 1 2 percen to f existin g sources , or , in th e cas e o f categorie s wit

h les s than 3 0 sources , th e averag e emissio n limitatio n achieve d b y th e bes tperformin g 5 source s

• Fo r new sources, th e standar d shal l b e atleas t as stringentas th e emissio n contro l achieve d i n practice b y th e bes tcontrolled simila r sourc e



# HoP.4 1



# CURREN T PROJEC

T SCHEDUL

E Even tDat e Kickof f Meeting s PlantVisit

s Initial Roundtabl e (Wor k Team ) September 24-25,199 7

Dec . 199 7 - Apr . 199

8 Januar y 21,199 8 Second Roundtabl e (discus s draf

tP-MACT) Marc

h 24,199 8 Issu e P-MAC T Repor

tJun e 1998 Continue o n Standards DevelopmentProces s July 199 8 Rul e Proposa

l Rul e Promulgatio n September 1999 November 200 0

8P.4 2



# AFFECTED SOURCE S

9P.4 3



# HO W I S TH E SOURC E CATEGORY

DEFINED ? Initia l Sourc e Categor y Description : Activitie s associate d wit h th e storag e an d distributio n o f non gasolin e organi c liquid s with HA P content , atsite s tha tserv e a s distributio n point s from whic h organi c liquid s ma y b e obtaine d fo r furthe r us e an d processing . Fro m th e Oi l an d Ga s Productio n MAC T rul e proposal , include s petroleu m pipelin e facilitie s tha thandl e an d distribute hydrocarbo n liquid s afte r th e poin to f custod y transfer . 

# Facilit y Type s Include :

• Stand-alon e o r separat e distributio n terminal s

• Collocate d distributio n activitie s (i.e. , associate d with refinerie s o r chemical plants )

• Compounding/blending/packagin g plant s

- separat e facilitie s [notcovere d unde r Miscellaneou s Organi c NESHA P (MON) ]

- collocated wit

h stand-alon

e o r collocated distribution activitie s

• Pipelin e facilitie s (non-gasolin e HA P liquids )

1 0P.4 4



# Organi c Liquid s Distributio n Facilitie s Industr

y CHEMICAL S
Chemica l Manufacturin g (SOCMI )

Consume r (Retail ) Packaging/Distributio n Facilit y 

# PETROLEU M

Domesti c Oil/Ga s Productio n

Petrochemica l Manufacturin g 

# i Facilitie s usin g chemical s a s feedstocks

Consume r (Retail ) 

# I Packaging / Distributio n Facility 

# i Packaging / Distributio n Facility Petroleu m Refinin g

Consume r (Retail ) Foreig n

Crud e Oi l

- Intermediat e Distributio n Fadlit y



## 1 1P.4 5 

# HO W I S TH E SOURC E CATEGOR

Y DEFINED ? (2 )
Which processe s an

d equipmen

tar e covered ?

• Al l HA

P emission source

s a tdistribution facilities • Possibl e distribution sources :

- Storage tanks

- Liqui d transfer

- truc k

- railcar

- pipeline

- Equipmen

tleaks

- Wastewate r collection and treatmen t(ai r emission aspects ) 

# Which liquids ? Syntheti c organi c HA

P chemicals Petrochemical s Crud e oil o r other unrefine d petroleu m liquids Refined petroleu

m (non-gasoline) Othe r liquid s wit

h volatil e HA

P conten t(e.g. , waste s an

d wastewater)



# 1

2

## INDUSTR Y PROFILE-BASE D O

N SI C CODE S

-t r Majo r Grou p Industr y Grou p Numbe r SI C

Code ' NAIC S

Cod e Facility Type " Tota l No . o f Establishments 1 * Siz e Distributio n

b y No . o f Employees 1 * <5 0 >5 0 >10 0 PIPELINE S

HS-wy*A^S*n\ fSiJ-'SS /-;

. , A*
. •*
. . , .. ' • 4610

4780 *S"' & !$<

461 2 461 3 461 9

478 9 '/f'.',.yr,„< 4861 1 4869 1 4869 9 

## W&si*.

48899 9 W^-y/'&CS&S-^r&tfM-t. S'/S{S$Ci>ft&,

Pipelines, Except

Natural Gas Crud e Petroleu m Pipeline s Refine d Petroleu m Pipeline s Pipelines , No tElsewher e Classifie d / '"s/8V i,''iu$^ r 't."''S'i>"'

y-tztiP/tiS

'• y s.\''' tjy"'i '^" < 

### /x^1T« ^ «. SS Miscellaneous Services Incidental to Transportation Transp . Services , No tElsewher e Classifie d 838

59 2,349 

## %;ss*

93%

100%

•ii/ ' V * 92% 

### S>&£'

4%



### SS'"-- 5% '• **- 3%

> -' , _" 3%



## 1 3

## INDUSTR Y PROFILE-BASE D O

N SI C CODE S (CONTINUED ) Majo r Grou p Industr y

Grou p Numbe r SI C

Code ' NAIC S

Cod e Facilit y Type * Tota l No . o f Establishments 1 * Siz e Distributio n

b y No . o f

Employees' 1
<5 0 >5 0 >10 0 STAND-ALON E TERMINAL S As •>',, '' Ss 

### S '",:4%!SsS- ******* * '% */*%

"'' ' -.-44,*'>**S'

"- rat"' •••i" /
- "**'JJ" \ " * '* S* •

S-" ' " /s**s * * {*•%*•** " V ** ; 'Its/ "' '"*' ! ****• 4220 

### 'S' " '''' " 4490
i'"' ,s "*Vi

' '; '.is,,, ',. 5160

5170 \~>, '/,.s

*. . *..
422 6 

### '>';""S\
449 1

" is. 516 9

517 1 517 2 • r "S'-s . ' v !

;*"}•',''''>*£'• ,-y'*.{'< i •• , , ,S '/ ' y, f,i^ * * S. 4931 9
-r. ."""

- -< - i 48831/ 2 ",,''"" /s

41169

45431 1 4227 2 ' 'Sf- *-• *" " '"h i ^ ti^_t__jJt_J_ff' ->S'' '">, ' •'- -

Public Warehousing and Storage Specia l Warehousin g an d Storage , No t Elsewher e Classifie d 

## >t^ s s^mdt

tmmfotftAi&ss\; ;/

/; ' Services Incidental

to WaterTransportation Marin e Carg o Handlin g '/'AS'A' '\'"""<S, S"'2J

'' .FiU.P" ''%'''

''", ""• ' ^ ^ ^ . . Chemicals and

Allied Products Chemical s an d Allie d Products , No t Elsewher e Classifie d Petroleum and

Petroleum Products Petroleu m Bul k Station s an d Terminal s Petroleu m & Petroleu m Product s Wholesalers , excep tBul k Station s an d

Terminal s ' ',' s , ',' s ' ' * ** f

J A *
1,47 9
6,742 85 4 14,436 10,69 5 14,636 10,56 2 3,86 4 • / ' ' '

93 %

& <r 95% 78 % * * * 97% 97 % 97% 97 % 97 % 4 %

•••••< ' % , » ' "s>isi' s s + $5 ^ 2% 10 % *"''/'' 2% 2 % 2% 3 % 2 % 3 %

..<. , i
. 3% 1 2 % '-' ' ' » 1% 1 % 1% < 1 % 1 %



## 1 4

## INDUSTR Y PROFILE-BASE D O

N SI C CODES (CONTINUED ) Majo r Grou p Industr y Grou p Numbe r SI C

Code ' NAIC S

Cod e Facilit y Type ' Tota l No . o f Establishments' * Siz e Distributio n

b y No . o f Employees' * <5 0 >5 0 >10 0 COMPOUNDIN G AN D PACKAGIN G FACILITIE S f'SZkts'im, yiiiiiin u LIHJ-W-T I V ' *•*,*' ^ y*S '>'''cM*$lSS^ S'S'K WWUUUMU U ___£___ <"'4'*'**AS'/ : *"•> * i**f>* i *•* zbSSi 5160 Chemicals and Allied Products 14,436 97% 2% 516 9 4226 9 Chemical s an d Allie d Products , No t Elsewher e Classifie d 10,69 5 97 % 2 % 1 % 5170 Petroleum and Petroleum Products 14,636 2% 

# 4 ^ 517 1 45431 1 Petroleu m Bul k Station s an d Terminal s 10,56 2 97 % 3 % <1 % 517 2 4227 2 Petroleu m & Petroleu m Product s

Wholesalers , excep tBul k Station s and

Terminal s 3,86 4 97 % 2 % 1 %

" miiii i * Sj.** ' 

### S?f"S'* 

## p%ss 4780 Miscellaneous Services Incidental to Transportation 2,349 92% 5% 478 3 48899 1 Packin g an d Cratin g



# 1 5

## INDUSTR Y PROFILE-BASE D O

N SI C CODE S (CONCLUDED ) Majo r Grou p Industry

Grou p Numbe r SI C

Code " NAIC S

Cod e Facilit y Type " Tota l No . o f Establishments 1 

### * Siz e Distributio n b y No . o f Employees 1 

### " <5 0 >5 0 >10 0 COLLOCATE D DISTRIBUTIO N FACILITIE S (e.g. , wit h chemica l o r petrochemica l facilities) 4 syA, A, ai S'Zr'fsZ
• '/ y j ' > „S/r ^y \f>AAi:s,..^. 

## mmmm f¥m^sty%^ > 

## ^s^pwtsS'- '4"\AS*'/<- 

### 't'SS,- 516 0 Chemical s an d Allie d Product s 14,436 97 % 2 % 1 % 

# 5 5169 4226 9 Chemical

s an d Allie d Products , No

t Elsewher e Classifie d 10,69 5 97 % 2 % 1 % 

### "Standard

Industrial

Classification Manual, 198 7 (Offic e o f Managemen tan d Budget ) h 

### County Business Patterns, 199 5 (Burea u o f th e Census ) Note : Thi s tabl e i s no tye tcomplete ; th e projec ttea m i s stil l evaluatin g thes e facilities . Dependin g upo n th e outcom e o f

thes e evaluations , som e SI C code s may b e adde d t o o r delete d fro m thi s tabl e a ta late r poin ti n time .



## 1 6P.5 0



# INDUSTR

Y PROFIL E (2 ) Mode l Industr y Stand-Alon

e Organic Liqui d Facilities 2 

## Primar y SI C codes : 4226,5169,517 1

• Primar y State s b y Total Storag e Capacity : Stat e Texa s Louisiana Ne w Jerse y California Illinoi s Capacit

y (barrels ) 55,582,44 0 29,383,59 4 29,252,303 24,329,88 8 9,881,57 7 Range in numbe

r o f storage tanks : 1 t o 42 0 + Percen tof Tota l 21 % 11 % 11 % 9 % 4 %

Rang e i n tota l storag e capacity o f individua l facilities : 2,70 0 t

o 12,500,00 0 barrel s Mode s o f transportatio n

- marin e vesse l (tanke r ship , barge )

- tan k truc k

- railca r

- pipelin e

2 

## Base d o n membershi

p listin g fo r th e Independen

tLiqui d Terminal

s Associatio n (ILTA) . 1 7



# 60P.5 1



# INDUSTR

Y PROFILE (3 )
Collocate d Organi c Liqui d Facilitie s (e.g. , associate d wit h petroleu m refinerie s o r chemica l plants )

• SI C code

s probabl y no tsimilar t o stand-alone facilitie s • Mode

l plan tdat a still bein g collected Pipelin e Facilitie s

• Primar

y SI C codes : 4612,461 3 • Mode

l plan tdat a stil l bein g collected Blending/Compounding/Packagin g Facilitie s Primar y SI C codes : 5169,5171,517 2 • Probabl

y exis ta s par to f liqui d termina

l operations • Stand-alon

e facilities ma

y notb e majo r source s • Som e major source facilities an d collocate d site s ma

y b e covere d under th e Miscellaneous Organic NESHA P (MON ) • Mode

l plan tdat a still bein g collected

1 8P.5 2



# EMISSIONS AN

D CONTROLS

1 9 

# 5 ^P.5 3



# EMISSIO N FACTOR S Emission s Calculation

s

- HA P conten t

- Models/method s fo r estimatin g emission s

- Parameters : volume , loadin g method , vapo r pressure , etc. ) 

# HA P Conten t

- Pur e compoun d (100 % HAP )

- Mixture s (partial HA P content )

- petroleu m liquid s

- dilute d pur e HA P chemical

s

- propertie s o f severa l HA P liquid s ar e show n i n th e followin g tabl e

2 0

## EXAMPL E ORGANI C LIQUID S WITH HA P CONTENT

0\ Stored Liquid Tru e Vapo r Pressur e Temp .

° F Annua

l Volum e HA P Concentratio n i n Vapor s (g/m

J ) Rang e Average Numbe r o f Data Point s

# •S'Mm^msmm^m^mm^Msss^m^smAsphal t Aviatio n Gasolin e Alkylat e Crud e Oi l Diesel/Distillat

e Gasolin e Heav y Gas Oil Je tFue l (JP-4 ) Je tKerosene Naphtha Reformates Residua l Fuel Oil Recovered Slo p Oi l 0.00 2

3.5 0 4.9 2 3.4 2 0.0 7 6.4 7 0.0 8 1.2 2 0.0 7 3.1 9 3.4 8 0.0 7 1.46 28 0

66. 8 7 6 8 6 7 2 6 9 104 6 8 7 4 7 2 7 2 144 14 5fr.

7 ? 2.64x10 " gal/y r 7.13x10' ° gal/y r 1.18x10 " gal/y r 7 7 7.60x10 * gal/y r 7 • 7 1.65x10> ° gal/y r 7 ?

7 7
• 7 7 7 7 7 7
• 7 7 31.7 2

15.5 1 115.7 7 52.0 9 11.5 5 130.6 6 24.7 5 73.2 0 8. 5 92.5 0 91.1 6 11 0 52.7 5 1 4

1 6 2 8 7 4 7 4 13 7 3 8 2 4 4 5 7 0 5 3 3 7 4 0 Se e end o f

tabl e fo r footnotes .



## 2 1

## EXAMPL E ORGANI C LIQUID S WIT H HAP CONTENT (Continued ) Store d Liqui d Tru e Vapo r

Pressur e Temp .

° F Annua

l Volum e HA P Concentratio n i n

Vapor s (g/m

J ) Rang e Averag e Numbe r o f Dat a Points

, j,/ ' * A'<,'Z'K?A''s »,',r^"i*srs<";'t/ y '<''s:;z/'s>'\'?ss',? "? S,,'^'i'Sss-s^s'i r/}*'V'A's}''/ "*'"'<, *>*''"'v^ i,' /V f /';*«/"'W j ''»'i's, ;','„ ", Acrylonitril e Anilin e Benzene Bisphenol- A Bi s (2-ethylhexyl ) phthalat e 1, 3 Butadiene Caprolacta

m Chlorofor m Cumene Ethylbenzen e Ethylen e glyco l Ethylen e dichlorid e Ethylen e oxid e Formaldehyd e 37 % Isophoron e Malei c anhydrid e 1.7 1 0.0 2 1.5 4 n/ a 7 36.0 5 0.9 7 0.1 9 0.2 7 0.1 9 0.0 0 1.2 5 14. 7 7 0.0 7 0.7 7 7 0

9 5 7 0 n/ a 7 7 0 35 6 5 0 7 0 7 9 7 0 7 0 5 1 7 7 0 5 3 3,300x10 * lb/y r 1,305x10 * Ib/y r 1,740x10 * Ib/y r 1,600x10 * Ib/y r 257x10 * lb/y r 3,700x10 * Ib/y r 1,800x10 * lb/y r 935x10 * Ib/y r 5,240x10 * Ib/y r 13,040x10 * Ib/y r 5,600x10 * Ib/y r 19,600x10 * lb/y r 6,500x10 * lb/y r 7,900x10 * Ib/y rfr. 490x10 * Ib/y r 7

7 7 7 7 7 7fr.e- 7 7 7 7 ? 7 7fr.

7 7 7 7 • 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 n/a d n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a Se e end o f

tabl e fo r footnotes . 

## 2 2

## EXAMPL E ORGANI C LIQUID S WIT H HA P CONTEN T (Concluded )

IT S Store d Liqui d

MTB E Methano l Methylchlorofor

m Methylen e chlorid e Methyl methacrylate Methyl ethyl keton e Methyl isobutyl keton e Perchloroethylen e Pheno l Phthali c anhydrid e Styren e Toluen e Vinyl acetat e Vinyl chlorid e o-xylen e p-xylen e Tru e Vapo r

Pressur e
4.7 4 1.93 1. 9 7.3 9 0.6 2 1.46 0.0 4 0.3 6 0.0 1 0.1 9 0.1 9 0.4 5 1.8 7 14. 7 0.1 0 0.1 4 Temp .

° F
7 0 7 0 6 8 7 0 7 5 7 0 7 0 7 7 7 0 5 0 9 3 7 0 7 0 6. 8 7 0 7 0 Annua

l Volume
8,140x10 * lb/y r 11,100x10 * lb/y r 335x10 * lb/y r 375x10 * Ib/yr 1,372x10 6 Ib/y

r 584x10 * Ib/y

r 7 4,100x10 * Ib/y

r 4,100x10 * lb/y r 820x10 * Ib/yr 7,622x10 * lb/y r 698x10 * Ib/yr 2,112x10 * lb/y r 9,463x10 * Ib/y

r 675x10 * Ib/y

r 4,779x10 * lb/y r HA P Concentratio n i n Vapor s (g/m s ) Rang e 7 7fr. ? 7 • 7 ? 7 • ? 7 7fr. 7••a 7 • 7 Averag e

7 7 7 7 7fr. 7 7 7 7 7 7 • 7 7fr. 7 Numbe r o f

Data Point s
n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a n/ a 'Industry surve y result

s fo r th e Petroleu m Refinerie s NESHAP , prepared by Radia n Corporation , Augus t10,1993 . b Chemical an

d Engineerin g News , Jun e 1996 , an d Chemcyclopedi a 1996 ; al l annual volume s are based upo n 199 5 data . Methylen e chlorid e and methylchlorofor m annua l volume s ar e based upo n 1994 data . 'National Petroleum News , Mid-Jun e 1995 . d n/ a stand s fo r no tapplicable . 

## 2 3P.5 7



# EMISSIO N FACTOR

S (2 ) Model s an d Method s

- Storage tank

s

- AP-42 , Section 7. 1 (TANKS3 software)

- Liquid transfer

- AP-42 , Section 5.2

- Equipmen

tleaks

- emissio n factor s available fo

r chemica l production facilities

- factor s for petroleu

m refinerie

s

- factor s for gasoline marketin

g operations

- Wastewater ai r emissions

- collection and treatmen

tsyste m mode l (Water 8 ) Faciht y Parameter s (establishe d a s par tofth e mode l industry )

2 4P.5 8



# EMISSION CONTROL S Storag e Vessel s • Rout e vapor s t o contro l devic e

- oxidizer (thermal o r

catalytic ) <98% control>

- carbo n adsorptio n <9S% controt> -flar e <98%contro> -condense r <95%control>

- scrubbe r <95% control>


## • Floatin g roo f

(interna l o r

external )

- ri msea l type s an d fittin g control s 

## • Pressurize d o r

refrigerate d tank s Liqui d Transfer/Loadin g • Rout e vapor s t o contro l devic e

- device s simila

r t o storag e vessel control s 

## • Vapor-tigh t

vessel s (trucks , railcars )
• Vapo r

balancin g Equipmen t

Leak s • Modif

y o r replac e existin g equipmen t • Lea k

detectio n an d repai r

(LDAR ) progra m (instrumen t

o r visua l program ) Wastewate r • Ven t

t o acontro l devic e • Floatin g roo f

o r vapor-tigh t

cove r • Close d pipin g • Drai n control s (p-traps , wate r seals , etc. )



## 2 5P.5 9



# CURRENT CONTRO L LEVEL S Informatio n o n potentia l level s o f contro l i s bein g obtaine d from :

• Federa

l NESHA P (4 0 CF

RPart s 6 1 an d 63 ) Petroleu m Refiner y NESHA P (subpar tCC ) Gasolin e Distributio n NESHA

P (subpar tR ) Oi l & Natura

l Ga s Production/Natura

l Ga s Transmission & Storage NESHA

P (subpart

s HH , HHH

) [proposed] Marin e Vesse l Loading NESHA

P (subpar tY ) Hazardou s Organi c NESHA P (HON ) (subpart s F , G , H , I ) Miscellaneous Organic NESHA P (MON ) [pre-proposal ] Storag e Vessel NESHA

P (subpar tWW ) [pre-proposal ] Oil-Water Separator

s (subpar tW ) Benzen e Storage Vesse

l NESHA P (4 0 CF R61 , subpar

tY ) Benzen e Wast e Operation

s NESHA P (40 CF R61 , subpar

t FF ) Off-Sit e Hazardous Wast

e NESHA P (subpar tDD ) Benzen e Transfer Operation

s NESHA P (4 0 CF R61 , subpar tBB ) Federa l NSP S Rule s (4 0 CF RPar t60 ) • Storag

e Vessel s (subpar

tKb , etc. ) • Bul k Gasoline Terminals (subpar tXX)



# 2 6 

# 5° VP.6 0



# CURREN T CONTRO L LEVEL S

(2 )
Industry Dat

a

• Plan tvisit s

- severa l visit s wer e mad e in Decembe

r 199 7 and April 1998 , an d mor e are planne

d

• Surve y response s

- detailed survey : • sen tt o a limited numbe

r o f facilitie s • specific facilit

y type s • specific types o

f liquids (cutoff

s fo r vapo r pressur e an d HA P content ) • operation

s no tcovere d b y other MAC T rules facilit y siz e *50 % o

f 10/2 5 tp y HA P criteria

2 7 

# CoP.6 1



# CURREN T CONTRO L LEVEL S

(3 ) State/Local Rule s (Examples )

• Storag e Vessel s - Californi a an d Illinoi s rule s amon g th e mos tstringen t • tank s > 10,00 0 gallons , > 1.

9 psia , QL • tank s > 19,80 0 gallons , > 1.

5 psia , QL • tank s > 39,63 0 gallons , > 0.5 psia : floating roo

f or vapo r contro

l a t95 % by weigh t

• an y capacity , > 1 1 psia : pressur e tan k wit h no detectable organic emission s o r vapo r contro

l a t95 % by weigh

t

• Transfe r Operation s -Texa s an d Californi a rule s amon g th e mos tstringen t • > 0. 5 psia : vapo r contro l a t90 % (Texas-Houston)

• Wastewate r Operation s - Th e HON , Connecticut , Virginia , an d Hawai i rule s amon g th e mos t stringen t • tank s > 20,000 gallons : Fixed Roo f • tank s > 20,000 gallons , > 1.

5 psia , fir • tanks > 40,00

0 gallons , > 0. 5 psia : floating roo

f or vapor contro

l a t95 % by weigh t • Individua

l Drai n Systems : Vapor Suppression 2 8 

# ( AP.6 2



# ISSUES/QUESTION S Whic h facilities/emissio n source s shoul d b e include d i n th e sourc e category ? Ar e ther e significan temissio n source s a t compoundin g an d packagin g operations ? Impac to f

th e othe r Federa l ai r rule s

• D o thes e rule s adequatel y cover (o r wil l they cover) collocated distributio n emission sources ? • Whic h emissio n sources in categorie s tha tar e regulated (o r wil l b e regulated unde r othe r rules ) should b e considere d for regulatio n unde r th e OL D standards ? Impac to n o r fro m othe r medi a standard s Water (Benzene Wast

e NSPS? ) • Solid wast

e • Other standards ? • Investigatio n o

f thes e rule s is continuin g

2 9 

# 6 zP.6 3



# ISSUES/QUESTION S (2 ) Major/Are a Sources

• Some owner

s an d operators ar

e smal l businesse s

- investigating thes e number s

• Mus tregulat

e are a source s i f

the y present " a threa to f advers e effect

s t o huma n healt h o r th e environment " (§112(c)(3) )

• Lookin g int

o simple mechanisms t

o distinguis h are a source

s fro m majo r sources (throughput , equipmen tsize , etc. )

• Ho w doe

s the potentia

l t o emi t(PTE) concep t appl y t o thes e operations ? Nee d additiona l informatio n t o defin e industr y an d complet e industr y profil e

• Industr

y surve y • Completion o

f dat a collectio n for MACT floo r determination • HA P conten

tof mixtures
3 0 

# (f tP.6 4

Attachment

2 MEMORANDUM TO : Steve Shedd

U
. S
. Environmental Protectio n Agency , ESD/WCP G FROM : Ja

y Helm s Pacifi c Environmental Services , Inc
. (PES ) DATE : Apri l 24 , 199 8

P:\N81 2 SUBJECT : Orgam

c Liquid s Distributio n NESHAP : State Rule s Summar y Th e following table s summariz e th e Stat e an dlocal regulation s reviewe db y PES
. Th e summar y i s organize d i n term s o f

stringenc y o

f regulation
. Th e dashe dline s separate individual rules , whil e th e soli d line s separat e group s o f

rule s b y stringenc y level
.



# (oHP.6 5

Attachmen

t2 

## STAT E REGULATION

S SUMMARIES , STORAG E VESSEL S Stat e California , Sout h Coas t California , Ba y Are a California , Ventura Count y Illinoi s (Chicago )

California , San Dieg o
California , Ventura Count y
California , Ventura Count y California , Ba y Are a
California , Sa n Joaqui n Colorad o Indian a Ne w York Virgini a Regulatio n

46 3
8-5-30 0
71. 2
218.119-120 , Subpar tB

6 1

71. 2

71. 2

8-5-30 0

462 3
5CC R1001- 9 Re g # 7 326IA C 8- 9 Sectio n 22 9 9 VA C 5-40 - 139 0 AoDlicabilit v

Storage vessels ; > 19,81 5 gallons ; > 39,63 0 gallon s Storage vessels ; > 39,62 6 gallon s (150m3 ) Storage vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storage vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s

Storage vessels ; > 40,00 0 gallons ; Plant s > 5,000,00 0 gal/y r Storage vessels ; > 10,00 0 gallons , < 20,00 0 gallon s Storage vessels ; > 20,00 0 gallons , < 40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >19,81 3 gallon s (75m3), < 39,62 6 gallon s (150m3 2 Storag e vessels ; > 19,80 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >39,00 0 gallon s Storage vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40.00 0 gallon s Process/Product s

Organi c Liquids ; > 1.

5 psia ; > 0. 5 psi a Organi c liquids ; > 0. 5 psi a Organi c liquids ; >0. 5 psi a
VOL ; >0.7 5 psi a VPL : > 1. 5 psi a

Organi c liquid s (VOC) ; RVP > 3. 0 psi a Organi c liquids ; >1. 5 psi a

Organi c liquids ; >1. 5 psi a
Organi c liquids ; > 1.5 psi a
Organi c Liquid s (includin g crud e oi l & petroleu

m distillates) ; > 1.5 psi a Petroleu m liquids ; >0.6 5 psi a Organi c liquids ; >0.7 5 psia , <ll.l_psi a Organi c liquids ; >1. 0 psi a Petroleu m liquids ; >1. 5 psi a Standards/Reauirements 1 External floatin g roof

, interna l floating-typ e cover , o r vapo r recover y syste m (95 % b y weight ) Vapo r los s contro l device-95 % b y weigh tefficienc y Externa l o r interna

l floatin g roo f o r vapo r recover y syste m (95 % b y

weight ) VOL : IFR, EFR , o r approve d contro l devic e (95 % VO C reductio n o r greater-90 % i f installe d befor e 1993) . VPL : Floatin g roo f

o r contro l syste m a

t 85 % Floatin g roo f

o r vapo r contro l system-95 %
Permanen tsubmerge d fil l pipe ; pressur e relie f

valv e (90%) ; external o r interna

l floatin g roo f

o i vapo r recover y syste m (95 % b y

weight ^ Permanen tsubmerge d fil l pipe ; external o r interna

l floatin g roo f

o r vapo r recover y syste m (95 % b y

weight ) Vapo r los s contro l device-95 % b y weigh tefficienc y
Floatin g roo f

tank , o r vapor contro l system-95 % Floatin g roof

, vapo r recovery system , o r equivalen t Variou s fixe d roo f

requirement

s Floatin g roo f

and vapo r control syste m 4 0 CF R60 , Subpar

tK b

&P.6 6



### Attachmen t 2 

### STAT E REGULATION S SUMMARIES , STORAGE VESSEL S (Continued ) 1 Stat e S
. Dakot a Kentuck y Arkansa s Main e Nebrask a Orego n Connecticu t
Kentuck y

Connecticu t

Rhod e Islan d
Mass
. Regulatio n

74:36:07:1 4 40 1 KA R59:48 5 19.10.5. 1 Chapte r 11 1
340-22-16 0 Sectio n 22a-174

- 2 0 40 1 KA R59:05 0

Sectio n 22a-174

- 2 0
11. 2
31 0 CM R7.24 Applicabilit

y Storag e vessel s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >39,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >39,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessel s Storag e vessels ; >39,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s
Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Process/Products

Organi c liquid s Organi c liquid s Petroleu mliquids ; >1.5 2 psi a Petroleu mliquids ; >1.5 2 psi a Organi c liquid s Organic liquids ; >1.5 2 psi a Organi c liquids ; >1. 5 psi a
Petroleu mliquids ; >1. 5 psia , <11. 1 psi a
Organi c liquids ; >1. 5 psia , < 11. 0 psi a
Petroleu mliquids ; >1.5 2 psi a Organi c liquids ; >1. 5 psi a Standards/Reauirements l 4 0 CF R60 , Subpar

t K b 4 0 CF R60 , Subpar

t K b 4 0 CF R60.110-NSP S for Storag e vessel s for

Petroleu m liquids ; o r floatin g roo f

o r cover Vessel s w / fixe droof; 4 0 CFR , par t 60 , Subpart s K , Ka , & K

b Subpart s K , K a Floatin g roof

; subpart s K, K

a Vapor recover y syste m(95 % b y weight) ; permanen

t submerge d fil

l pip e Extema l floating roo f

(w/specifi c seals) ; fixe droo f intemal floatin g roof ; vapor recover y syste m(95 % b y weigh t VOC) ; o r a n equivalen t syste m Fixe droo f & floatin g roof

, o r vapo r recover y syste m(95 % b y weight) ; permanen

t submerge d fil

l pip e Vessel s w/ fixed roof

; VO C reduce d b y 95 % usin g avapo r recover y syste m Submergedfil

l pip e required ; an d a n externa l floatin g roo f

o r bot h a pressur e tan k system& avapo r recover y syste m(95 % emissio n reduction )


# uP.6 7

Attachmen

t 2 

### STAT E REGULATION S SUMMARIES , STORAG E VESSEL S (Continued ) Stat e Kansa s

Distric t o f Columbi a Michiga n
Texa s Florid a Washingto n Nort h Carolin a Wisconsi n Kentuck y Marylan d
Vermont
Nevad a Regulatio n

28-19-6 5

70 1 R336.1604
Sectio n 115.112 : Subchapte r A 62-296.50 8 WA C 173-490

- 04 0 .092 5 N R419.0 5
40 1 KA R59:05 0 26-11-13.0 3
5-253. 1
445B.39 5 Applicabilit y

Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s
Storag e vessels ; >40,000jallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >42,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,000jallon s Storag e vessels ; >39,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40.00 0 callon s Process/Product s

Organi c liquids ; >1. 5 psi a

Petroleu mliquids ; >1. 5 psi a Organi c liquids ; >1.5 2 psia , < 1 1 psi a Organi c liquids ; > 1.5 psi a Petroleu mliquids ; >1. 5 psi a Petroleu mliquids ; >1. 5 psi a Petroleu mliquids ; >1.5 2 psi a Organi c liquids ; >1.5 2 psi a Petroleu mliquids ; >1. 5 psia , <11. 1 psi a Organi c liquids ; >1. 5 psia , <11. 1 psi a Petroleu mliquids ; > 1.5 2 psi a Organi c liquids ; > 1.

5 psi a Standards/Reauirement s

Floatin g roo f

( < 11. 1 psia ) o r vapor contro l system-90% , o r equivalent ; Pressur

e tan k seale do r vente d t o avapor

contro l system 0>U. l psia) Pressur e tan k or vapor los s contro l device s Pressur e tank , floating cover

o r roof , vapo r recover y syste m(90 % b y weight ) Floatin g roo f

or vapor recover y system~90 % Floatin g roo f Floatin g roo f

or equivalent Floatin g roo f Floatin g roof

, vapor condensatio n system , vapor

holdin g tanks , o r equivalen t Floatin g roo f

o r vapo r recover y system , or their equivalent s Floatin g roof

, vapor contro l system , pressur

e tank , o r equivalen t Vessel s w / fixe d roo f mus t b e equippe dwit

h a n interna l floatin g roo f Floatin g roo f

(<1 1 psia ) o r eauivalent ; Submerged fl" TMTM

^P.6 8

Attachmen

t2 

## STAT E REGULATION

S SUMMARIES , STORAG E VESSEL S (Continued ) Stat e Sout h Carolin a New Mexic o
West Virgini a

Wisconsi n Hawaii Arizon a Missour i Uta h Indian a Illinoi s Ne w Jersey Oklahom a Nort h Carolin a Penns
. Regulatio n

62.5 , par t 0 NMA C 2.37.20 5
45-21-2 7

N R420.0 3 11-60.1-3 9 R I 8-2-71 0 1 0 CS R10-2.26 0 R307-14- 2 326IA C 8-4- 3 218.121 , Subpar

t B 7:27-16. 2 252:100-37-1 5 .051 8 129.56-5 7 Applicabilit y

Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; > 250,00 0 (65,000

- newjgallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,000jallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >39,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessel s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >50,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40.00 0 gallon s Process/Product s Petroleu mliquids ; >1. 5 psi a Organi c liquids ; > 3. 0 (1.5

- new ) psia , <11. 0 psi a Petroleu mliquids ; >1. 5 psi a

Petroleumliquids ; > 1.52 gsia , < 11. 1 psi a VOCs; > 1.

5 psi a Petroleu mliquids ; >1. 5 psi a Petroleu mliquids ; >1. 5 psi a Petroleumliquids ; >1.5 2 psi a Petroleumliquids ; > 1.5 2 psia ; Petroleu mliquids ; >1. 5 psia , <12. 5 psi a Organi c liquid s Organi c liquid s Organi c liquids ; >1. 5 psi a VOCs : >1. 5 psi a Standards/Reauirements Floatin g roo f

o r equivalen t Floatin g roof

; vapo r recover y syste m Externa l floatin g roo f

tank s hav e sea l reaquirements ; fixed roo f tank s mus t

hav e interna

l floating roo f o r equivalent Floatin g roof

, vapo r recover y system , o r equivalent Floatin g roo f

o r avapo r recover y & disposal system Floatin g roo f

o r equivalent

(i f liquid>1 2 gsia } Floatin g roof

, vapo r recover y system , o r equivalent Floatin g roo f Floatin g roo f Floatin g roo f Miscellaneous ; Se e Tabl e 2 A Pressur e tank , floatin g roof

, vapor recover y system , o r

equivalen t Pressur e tank , floatin g roof

, vapor recover y system , o r

equivalent Floatin g roo f

o r vapo r recover y svstem-80 %



# £>SAttachment 2 

### STAT E REGULATION S SUMMARIES , STORAG E VESSEL S (Continued ) Stat e Ne w Hampshir e Illinoi s

Montan a
Ne w Jerse y
Minnesota
Alaska California , Sa n Dieg o Colorad o Ne w Mexic o California , Ventura Count y Indian a Kentuck y Regulatio n Env- A 1204.20 215.121 , Subpar

t B
17.8.32 4
7:27-16. 4
7011.150 5
1 8 AA C 50.08 5 6 1 5CCR1001- 9 Re g # 7 NMAC 2.37.20 5 71. 2
32 6 IA C 8- 9
. 40 1 KA R59:05 0 Applicabilit y

Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >65,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; > 2,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; > 2,00 0 gallon s & < 40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >378,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessel s Storag e vessel s Storag e vessels ; > 250,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessel s Storag e vessels ; >39,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40.00 0 gallon s Process/Product s

Organi c liquids ; >1.5 2 psia ; fixe d roof s Organi c liquid s >2. 5 psi a

Petroleu mliquid s o r

Crude ; >2. 5 psi a Organi c liquid s
Petroleu mliquids ; >1. 5 psia , < 11. 1 psi a Volatil e liquid s Organi c liquids ; > 1 1 psi a Organi c Liquids ; > 1 1 psi a Organi c liquids ; >11. 0 psi a Organi c liquids ; > 1 1 psi a Organi c liquid s >11. 1 psi a Petroleu mliquids ; >11. 1 psi a Standards/Reauirement s 1

Variou s sea

l & vent requirements ; RACT
. <12. 5 psia-floatin g roof

, >12. 5 psia-vapo r recover y syste m consistin g of

vapor disposa l syste m(85% ) Pressur e tank , floating roo f

( < 1 3 psia) , vapor

recover y system , or equivalen t > 100 0 L b VOC/year : vapo r contro l (90%) , floating roof , o r vapor balanc e system Permanen t submerge d fil

l pipe ; floatin g roof

, vapo r recover y system , o r equivalen t Interna l floating roof

, close d vent syste m& vapor

control-95 % BACT Pressur e tan k Pressur e vesse l Pressur e tank ; vapo r

recover y system , or equivalen t (95 % b y .weiglL Q Close d vent

syste m(<50 0 ppm) an d a n approve d contro l devic e (95 % VOC reductio n o r

greater) Vapo r recover y system-95 % by weifht
.

^P.7 0

Attachmen

t2 

## STAT E REGULATION

S SUMMARIES , STORAG E VESSEL S (Continued) Stat e Michiga n Texa s Wisconsin Ne w Jerse y Illinoi s Minnesota Wyomin g Ne w Yor k Sout h Carolina Washington Michiga n Illinoi s Illinoi s
Oklahom a
Kentuck y Regulatio n R336.160 5 Sectio n 115.112 : Subchapter

A N R420.0 3 7:27-16. 2 218.121 , Subpar

t B 7011.150 5

Sectio n 22 9 62.5 , part P WA C 173-490

- 20 1 R336.162 3 215.124 , Subpar

t B 215.12 2 & 218.122 , Subpar

t B 252:100-39-4 8
40 1 KA R59:05 0 Applicabilit y

Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >25,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; > 1,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; > 2,00 0 gallon s & < 40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >65,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >20,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >39,60 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessel s Storag e vessels ; > 25 0 ga l Storag e vessels ; <40,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >58 0 gallon s Process/Products

Organi c liquids ; >1 1 psi a Organi c liquids ; > 1 1 psi a Petroleumliquids ; >11. 1 psi a Organi c liquids ; > 13. 0 psi a Petroleumliquids ; >12. 5 psi a Petroleumliquids ; >11. 1 psi a Petroleumliquids ; RVP> 5

lb s Organi c liquids ; >4. 0 psi a Externa l Floater s Extema l Floater s Petroleumliquids ; >1. 0 psia , bu t < 1 1 psi a Petroleumliquid s Organi c material Organi c liquid s
Petroleumliquids ; >1. 5 psi a Standards/Reauirement s Pressur e tank , vapo r

recovery system-90% , o r

equivalen t Submerge dfill pip e an d vapo r recover y system-90 % Vapor recover y syste mo r equivalen t Vapor contro l syste mat

90 % b y weigh t Vapor recover y systemconsistin g o f vapor disposa l syste m(85% ) Permanen t submerge d fill pipe ; vapo r recover y system , o r equivalen t Pressur e tank Variou s sea

l & ven t requirement s Variou s seal requirement s Variou s seal requirement s Externa l floatin g roo f

tanks : variou s seal requirement s Externa l floatin g roo f

tanks : variou s seal requirement s Permanen t submerge d fill pip e

> 40 0 gallons-submerge d pip e o r botto mfill ; >200 0 gallons-vapo r contro l system£90 % b y weigh ^ Permanen t submerge d fill pip e



# toP.7 1

Attachmen t2 

### STAT E REGULATION S SUMMARIES , STORAG E VESSEL S (Continued ) I Stat e Nort h Dakota Arizon a California , Ba y Are a Ne w Jersey Wisconsin Georgi a Florid a
Illinoi s
Kansa s Indian a Washingto n Virgini a
Mort h Carolin a Illinoi s Regulatio n

33-15-07-0 1 R18-2-90 5 8-5-300
7:27-16. 4 N R419.0 5 V V 62-296.50 8
215.123 , Subpar

t B 28-19-6 5
326IA C 8-4- 3 WA C 173-490

- 20 1 9 VA C 5-40

- 139 0 .092 5
215.123 , Subpar

t B Applicabilit y

Storag e vessels ; > 1,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; <40,000jallon s Storag e vessels ; <39,62 6 gallon s (15 0 m3 ) Storag e vessels ; > 2,000_gallon s Storag e vessels ; > 100 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; >4,O0 O gallon s Storag e vessels ; <422,40 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; <422,40 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; <422,40 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; <420,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; <420,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; <420,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; <416,00 0 gallon s Storag e vessels ; <378,00 0 gallon s Process/Product s Organi c liquid s Petroleu mliquid s Organi c liquids ; >0. 5 psi a Organi c liquid s Organi c liquids ; >1.5 2 psi a Organi c liquid s Produced crud

e oi l & condensat e prio r t o custod y transfe r Produced crud

e oi l & condensat e prio r t o custod y transfe r Produced crud

e oi l & condensat e prio r t o custod y transfe r Crud e & condensat

e prio r t o leas e custod

y transfe r Produced crude oi l & condensat e prio r t o custod y transfe r Produced crud

e oi l & condensat e prio r t o custod y transfe r Produced crude oi l & condensat e prior to custod y transfe r Produce d oi l o r

condensat e in crude oi l gatherin g Standards/Requirement s 1 Permanen t submerge d fill pip e Submerge d filling devic e Permanen t submerge dfill pip e
Permanen t submerge dfill pip e Permanen t submerge d fill pip e Permanen t submerge d fill pip e Exemp t Exemp t Exempt Exemp t Exempt Exempt Exempt Exempt



# *\ vP.7 2

Attachmen t

2 

## STAT E REGULATION

S SUMMARIES , STORAG E VESSEL S (Concluded) Stat e Indian a Sout h Carolin a Washingto n Maryland Regulatio n

326IA C 8-4- 3 62.5 , par t P WA C 173-490

- 20 1 26-11-13.0 2 Applicabilit y

Storag e vessel s Storag e vessel s Storag e vessel s Storag e vessel s Process/Product s

Petroleumliquids ; < 4. 0 psi a Petroleumliquids ; >1. 5 psia ,

<4psi a Petroleumliquids ; >1. 5 psia ,

<4psi a Petroleumliquids ; >1. 5 psia ,

<4nsi a Standards/Reauirement s

Vessel o f welde d construction , havin g proper

closure devic e I f th e tank i s awelde d tank , n o other contro l i s necessar

y I f th e tan k i s awelde d tank , n o other contro l i s necessar

y I f th e tan k i s awelde d tank , no other contro l i s necessar

y



# 7 ^Attachmen t2 

## STAT E REGULATION

S SUMMARIES , TRANSFE ROPERATION

S Stat e California , Sout h Coas t

California , Sa n Joaquin
Alask a
California , Ba y Are a Texa s Oklahom a
Ne w Jersey
California , Sa n Joaquin Louisian a Oklahom a

California , Ventur a Count y
Connecticu t Wisconsi n Regulatio n

46 2

462 4

1 8 AA C 50.09 0
8-6-30 0 Sectio n 115.211 - : Subchapte r C 252:100-39-4 8
7:27-16. 5
462 4 33:111:2107 252:100-37-1 6

71. 3

Sectio n 22a-174 - 2 0 N R419.0 5 Applicabilit y

TT/railca r transfer operations ; > 20,00 0 gallons/da y

TT/railcars : Clas s 1 (>20 k gal/day) . Class2(4k-20 k



## _ _-MML Transfer operations ; > 15 millio n gallons.yea r Transfer operation s

• Transfe r operation s Transfe r operation s
Transfer operations ; 6,000,00 0 gallons/yea r thrupu

t Transfe r operations ; > 20,00 0 gallons/da y Transfer operations ; > 20,00 0 gallons/da y Transfer operations ; > 40,00 0 gallons/day

Transfe r Operation s >20,00 0 gallons/day ; > 150,00 0 gallons/yea r Transfer operations ; > 10,00 0 gallons/da y Transfer operations ; >40.00 0 gallons/dav Process/Products

Organi c liquids ; > 1.5 psi a

Organi c liquids ; > 1.5 psi a

Volatil e liquid s Organi c liquid s Organi c liquids ; > 0. 5 psi a Organi c liquid s Organi c liquid s Organi c liquids ; > 1.5 psi a Organi c liquids ; > 1.5 psi a Organi c liquid s

Organi c liquids ; > 1. 5 psi a

Organi c liquids ; >1. 5 psi a Organi c liquids ; >1.5 2 psi a Standards/Reauirements Vapo r recover y and/o r disposa l syste m = 0.2 9 l b VOC/1,00 0 gallon s organi c liqui d transferred ; after Feb . 1998-0.0 8 lb VOC/1,00 0 gallon s organi c liqui d

transferre d Clas s 1 : 0.0 8 lb/1,00 0 gal . Clas s 2 : 95 % b y weigh t lOmg/ L emissio n limi t
2 1 mg/L emissio n limi t Vapo r recover y syste m (90% ) o r vapo r balanc e syste m ab(d)sorptio n system-90 % b y weight ; vapo r handlin g system disposa l efficienc y o f

95% . 95 % b y weigh tVO C emissio n

reductio n 95 % b y weigh tefficien treductio n

ofVOC s Vapo r collectio n system-90 % Vapo r collectio n syste m o r botto m loadin g with close d hatches ; Disposal—90 % b y weigh tb y mean s o f a vapo r liqui d absorbe r system . Botto m loade d vapo r recover y syste m includin g a vapo r return/condenstio n syste m o r a . vapo r disposa l syste m at90 % b y

weigh t Vapo r collectio n adaptor ; vapo r

tigh tsea l Vapo r collectio n & disposa l

svste m 

# -f tP.7 4

Attachment

2 

### STAT E REGULATION S SUMMARIES , TRANSFE R

OPERATION S (Continued ) Stat e Regulatio n Applicabilit y Process/Product s Standards/Requirement s Texa s Sectio n 115.21 1 - Transfer operation s

: Subchapte r C Michiga n R336.160 9 Transfer operations ; >5,000,00 0 gallons/yea r throughput ^ Organi c liquids ; > 1.5 psi a Vapor-tigh tvapo r recovery syste m

Organi c liquids ; > 1.5 psi a Vapo r recovery system ; 0. 7 lb/100 0 gallon s emissio n limi t
Massachusett s 31 0 CM R7.2 4 Transfer Operations ;

CM,MB,MV,PV , S M Bul k Plant

s Organi c materia

l > 1.5 psi a Vapo r balanc e syste m required ;

transfe r mus ttake plac e throug h a submerge d fill pip e Ne w Mexic o NMA C 2.37.20 5 Transfer operation s

Massachusett s 31 0 CMR7.2 4 Transfer Operations ; U Bul k Terminal s Organi c liquids ; > 1.5 psi a Loadin g ar m wit h a vapo r collectio n adapter ; a mean s t o preven torgani c compoun d draing e

_from loadin g devic e Organi c liquids ; > 1.5 psi a Vapo r collectio n & disposa l syste m required ; 8 0 mg/lite r emissio n limi t California , Ventur a Count y 71. 3 Transfer operation s Organi c liquids ; > 0. 5 psi a Submerge d fil l pipe , o r botto m loadin g Illinoi s 218.122 , Subpar tTT/railcar transfe r (Chicago ) B operations ; >40,00 0 gallons/da y Organi c liquids ; >2. 5 psi a i f Emissio n limi to f

8 Ibs/hr , n o odo r nuisanc e submerge d loading , o r equivalen t Nort h Dakot a 33-15-07-0 1 Transfer operations ; > 20,00 0 gal/da y Organic liquid s Submerge d fillin g ar m o r othe r Nort h Carolin a .094 8 Transfer operations ; > 20,00 0 gal/da y Organi c liquids ; > 1.5 psi a Submerge d loadin g through botto m loaders o r equivalen t Colorad o 5CC R1001- 9 Transfer operations ;

Re g #7 >5 6 gallon s VOC s Submerge d o r botto m loading ; top-fil l pip e t o withi n 6 inche s o f th e botto m ofth e tank Wisconsi n N R419.0 5 Transfer operations ; < 40,00 0 gal/da y Organi c liquids ; > 1.5 2 psi a Submerge d fil l pip e extendin g t o withi n 6 inche s ofth e tank (vessel )

botto m California , 71. 3 Transfer Operation s Ventur a >20,00 0 gallons/day ; Count y > 150,00 0 gallons/yea r Organi c liquids ; > 0. 5 psi a Overfil l protectio n syste m

Ne w Mexic o NMA C 11.65.II. 6 Transfe r operation s Organi c liquids ; > 15. 0 psi a Emissio n limit-2.21bs/6,00 0 gallon s loaded ; sam e fo r > 1. 5 psi a &.< 15.0psia , if>l,00 0 gallons/mont h (unles s ther e i s a vapo r emissio n contro l system ) Louisian a 33:111:210 7 Transfer operations ; Marine vessel s Organi c liquids ; >1. 5 psia ;

>10 0 tons/y r uncontrolle d emission s Vapo r collectio n system-90% ;

Barge-Crude=30mg/L ; Ship crude=12mcr/

L 

# 7 YAttachmen t 2 

### STAT E REGULATION S SUMMARIES , TRANSFE R

OPERATION S (Concluded ) Stat e Regulatio n Massachusett s 31 0 CMR7.24(8 )

Rhod e Islan d
Main e Ne w Jerse y
California , Sa n Diego

California , Sa n Diego Oklahom a Michiga n 32. 2 Chapter 60 0 7:lE- 3
6 1

6 1

252:100-37-1 6
R336.170 6 Applicabilit y

Transfe r operation s

Transfe r operation s
Transfe r operation s Transfe r operation s
Transfe r Operations ; Bot h mobil e transpor t an d stationar y storag e tan k > 55 0 gallon s Transfe r operations ; mobil e transpor

t tan k > 55 0 gallon s Transfe r operations ; < 40,00 0 gal/da

y Transfe r operations ; >5,000,00 0 gallons/yea

r throughpu t Process/Product s Marin e vesse l previou s cargo—organic liqui d
Marin e vesse l previou s cargo—organic liqui d Petroleu mliquid s Pipeline s Organi c liquid s
Organi c liquid s

Truck s (vessels) ; > 20 0 gallon s Crude Oi l > 1.5 psi a Standards/Re a uirement s 95 % emissio n reductio n b y recover y devic e or

98 % b y weight b y combustio n device ; and 2 lb/1,00 0 bbl s emissio n limi t VO C reduce d by 95 % by weight ; 98 % by weight

i f acontro l devic e i s use d Miscellaneou s mino r

requirement s Confor mt o 4 9 CF

R195 , "Transportatio n o f

Liquid s b y Pipeline " Equipped wit

h asubmerge dfill pipe ; 95 % b y weight

VO C

90 % by weight

o f VOC ; 0.2 9 l

b VOC/1,00 0 gallon s loaded ; pressur e ma y no t excee d 1 8 inche s o f wate r Aggregat e loadin g pipe s equippe d to fill-97 % submergenc e mus t b e maintaine d Vapo r recover y system ; 0. 7 lb/100 0 gallon s emissio n limit ; or submerge d fill pip e



## 7< >P.7 6

Attachment

2 

## STATE REGULATION

S SUMMARIES , WASTEWATE ROPERATION

S Stat e Virgini a Washingto n Montan a
North Dakot a Hawai i Marylan d
Louisian a

Califomia , Ventur a Count y California , Ba y Are a Marylan d Nort h Carolin a Ne w Jerse y Ne w Jerse y
Sout h Carolin a

Arizon a Regulatio n

9 VAC 5-40-139 0 WA C 173-490

- 04 0 17.8.32 4
33-15-07-0 1
11-60.1-4 0
26-11-13.0 6
Sectio n 2153 : Subchapte r M

71. 3

8-5-32 8 26-11-13.0 6 .051 8 7:lE- 2 7: 1 E- 4
62.5 , par t O

R I 8-2-905 Applicabilit y

Wastewate

r Separator s Wastewate

r Separator s Wastewate

r Separators ; >20 0 gal/da y Wastewate

r Separators ; >20 0 gal/da y Wastewate

r Separators ; >20 0 gal/da y Wastewate

r Separators ; >20 0 gal/da y SI C Codes : 28-21 , 23,24,33,34,36 , 65,69,7 9 & 49-52 , 53,59
.
Deliver y Vessel s

Wastewater ; Tank Cleanin g Wast e Wast e Process/Product s

An y petroleu mliquid = > kerosene i n volatilit y An y volatil e organi c liqui d
VOCs ; > 0. 5 psi a
VOC ; > 1. 5 psi a
VO C Wastewate

r - storage , handling , transfer , or treatment .
Organi c liquid s
Organi c liquids ; >0. 5 psi a VO C Photochemicall

y reactiv e VO C Storage , transfer , equipmen t leak s Storage , transfer , equipmen t leak s Equipmen t leak s

Pump s & compressor s Tanks

VO C Standards/Requirement s

Vapo r contro l system-95 % Floatin g roo f

o r fixed & seale d soli d cove r Floatin g roo f

or avapor recover y & disposa l syste m Floatin g roof

, avapor recover y & vapo r disposa l system , o r equivalen t Floatin g roo f

o r avapor recover y & vapo r disposa l syste m Floatin g roof

, avapor recover y system , or equivalen t Reduc e th e VO C conten

t ofth e strea mby 9 0 percen

t (8 5 percent
fo r biotreatment

units ) & reduc e th e VO C conten

t t o les s than 10 0 pp mb y weight
. Also , variou s requirement s fo

r W W storag e tanks
. Vapo r recovery system ; pressure vacuumrelie f

device ; secondar

y overfil l protection ; loadin g connector/adapte

r Liqui dbalancing ; 90 % b

y weight efficiency Canno t discharg e >20 0 lb s unles s th e discharg e i s reduce dby 85 % Canno t discharg e >4 0 lb s unles s th e discharg e i s reduce d by 85 % See th e rul e Submit aDPCC plan , demonstratin g complianc e wit h 7:lE- 2 Monthly inspection throug h th e roo f hatch ; complet

e inspectio n o f cove r & sea l wheneve r tan k i s emptie d o r

non-operationa

l fo r a yea r Mechanica

l seal s or equivalent 

# 7 £