Page 1 of 11

**Subpart S**

**— Lime Manufacturing**  **§98.190 Definition**  **of the source category.** (a) Lime manufacturing plants (LMPs) engage in the manufacture of a lime product by calcination of limestone, dolomite, shells or other calcareous substances as defined in 40 CFR 63.7081(a)(1). (b) This source category

includes all LM Ps unless the LMP is located at a kraft pulp mill, soda pulp mill, sulfite pulp mill, or only processes sludge containing calcium carbonate from water softening processes. The lime manufacturing source category consists of marketed and
non - marketed lime manufacturing facilities. (c) Lime kilns at pulp and paper manufacturing facilities must report emissions under subpart AA of this part (Pulp and Paper Manufacturing). **§98.191 Reporting threshold.**  You must report GHG emissions under this subpart if your f acility is a lime manufacturing plant as defined in §98.190 and the facility meets the requirements of either §98.2(a)(1) or (a)(2). **§98.192 GHGs to report.**  You must report: (a) CO 2 process emissions from lime kilns. (b) CO 2 emissions from fuel combustion at lime kilns. (c) N 2 O and CH 4 emissions from fuel combustion at each lime kiln. You must report these emissions under 40 CFR part 98, subpart C (General Stationary Fuel Combustion Sources).Page 2 of 11

(d) CO 2 , N 2 O, and CH 4 emissions from each stationary fuel combust ion unit other than lime kilns. You must report these emissions under 40 CFR part 98, subpart C (General Stationary Fuel Combustion Sources). (e) CO 2 collected and transferred off site under 40 CFR part 98, following the requirements of subpart PP of this part (Suppliers of Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 )). **§98.193 Calculating GHG emissions.**  You must calculate and report the annual process CO 2 emissions from all lime kilns combined using the procedure in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (a) If all lime kilns meet the conditions specified in §98.33(b)(4)(ii) or (iii), you must calculate and report under this subpart the combined process and combustion CO 2 emissions from all lime kilns by

operating and maintaining a CEMS to measure CO 2 emissions according to the Tier 4 Calculation Methodology specified in §98.33(a)(4) and all associated requirements for Tier 4 in subpart C of this part (General Stationary Fuel Combustion Sources). (b) If CEMS are not required to be used to determine CO 2 emissions from all lime ki lns under paragraph (a) of this section, then you must calculate and report the process and combustion CO 2 emissions from the lime kilns by using the procedures in either paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section. (1) Calculate and report under this subp art the combined process and combustion CO 2 emissions from all lime kilns by operating and maintaining a CEMS to measure CO 2 emissions from all lime kilns according to the Tier 4 Calculation Methodology specified in §98.33(a)(4) and all associated requirem ents for Tier 4 in subpart C of this part (General Stationary Fuel Combustion Sources).Page 3 of 11

(2) Calculate and report process and combustion CO 2 emissions from all lime kilns separately using the procedures specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (v) of this section. (i) You must calculate a monthly emission factor for each t ype of lime produced using Equation S

- 1 of this section. Calcium oxide and magnesium oxide content must be analyzed monthly for each lime product ty

pe that is produced:

Where: EF LIME,i,n = Emission factor for lime type i, for month n (metric tons CO 2 /ton lime). SR CaO = Stoichiometric ratio of CO 2 and CaO for calcium carbonate [see Table S

- 1 of this subpart] (metric tons CO 2 /metric tons CaO). SRMgO = Stoichiometric ratio of CO 2 and MgO for magnesium carbonate (See Table S

- 1 of this subpart) (metric tons CO 2 /metric tons MgO). CaO i,n = Calcium oxide content for lime type i, for month n, determined according to §98.194(c) (metric tons CaO/metric ton lime). MgO i,n = Magnesium oxide content for lime t ype i, for month n, determined according to §98.194(c) (metric tons MgO/metric ton lime). 2000/2205 = Conversion factor for tons to metric tons. (ii) You must calculate a monthly emission factor for each t ype of calcined byproduct or waste sold (including lime kiln dust) using Equation S

- 2 of this section:

Where:Page 4 of 11

EF LKD,i,n = Emission factor for calcined lime b yproduct/waste type i sold, for month n (metric tons CO 2 /ton lime by product). SR CaO = Stoichiometric ratio of CO 2 and CaO for calcium carbonat e (see Table S

- 1 of this subpart((metric tons CO 2 /metric tons CaO). SRMgO = Stoichiometric ratio of CO 2 and MgO for magnesium carbonate (See Table S

- 1 of this subpart) (metric tons CO 2 /metric tons MgO). CaO LKD,i,n = Calcium oxide content for calcined lime by product/waste t ype i sold, for month n (metric tons CaO/metric ton lime). MgO LKD,i,n = Magnesium oxide content for calcined lime by product/waste ty

pe i sold, for month n (metric tons MgO/metric ton lime). 2000/2205 = Conversion factor for tons to metric tons. (iii) You must calculate the annual CO 2 emissions from each ty pe of calcined by

product or waste that is not sold (including lime kiln dust and scrubber sludge) using Equation S

- 3 of this section:

Where: E waste,i = Annual CO 2 emissions for calcined lime by product or waste ty

pe i that is not sold (metric tons CO 2 ). SR CaO = Stoichiometric ratio of CO 2 and CaO for calcium carbonate (see Table S

- 1 of this subpart) (metric tons CO 2 /metric tons CaO). SRMgO = Stoichiometric ratio of CO 2 and MgO for magnesium carbonate (See Table S

- 1 of this subpart) (metric tons CO 2 /metric tons MgO).Page 5 of 11

CaO waste,i = Calcium oxide content for calcined lime by product or waste t yp e i that is not sold (metric tons CaO/metric ton lime). MgO waste,i = Magnesium oxide content for calci ned lime by product or waste ty

pe i that is not sold (metric tons MgO/metric ton lime). M waste,i = Annual weight or mass of calcined b yproducts or wastes for lime type i that is not sold (tons). 2000/2205 = Conversion factor for tons to metric tons. (iv) You must calculate annual CO 2 process emissions for all lime kilns using Equation S
- 4 of this section:

Where: E CO2 = Annual CO 2 process emissions from lime production from all lime kilns (metric tons/year). EF LIME,i,n = Emission factor for lime type i produced, in calendar month n (metric tons CO 2 /ton lime) from Equation S

- 1 of this section. M LIM E,i,n = Weight or mass of lime ty pe i produced in calendar month n (tons). EF LKD,i,n = Emission factor of calcined b yproducts or wastes sold for lime type i in
ca lendar month n, (metric tons CO 2 /ton by product or waste) from Equation S

- 2 of this section. M LKD,i,n = Monthly

weight or mass of calcined byproducts or waste sold (such as lime kiln dust, LKD) for lime ty pe i in calendar month n (tons). E waste,i = Annual C O 2 emissions for calcined lime byproduct or waste ty pe i that is not sold (metric tons CO 2 ) from Equation S

- 3 of this section. t = Number of lime t ypes producedPage 6 of 11

b = Number of calcined by products or wastes that are sold. z = Number of calcined by products or wastes that are not sold. (v) Calculate and report under subpart C of this part (General Stationary Fuel Combustion Sources) the combustion CO 2 emissions from each lime kiln according to the applicable requirements in subpart C. **§98.194 Monitoring and Q**  **A/QC requirements.** (a) You must determine the total quantity of each ty

pe of lime product that is produced and each calcined b yproduct or waste (such as lime kiln dust) that is sold. The quantities of each should be directl y measured monthly with the same plant instruments used for accounting purposes, including but not limited to, calibrated weigh feeders, rail or truck scales, and barge measurements. The direct measurements of each lime product shall be reconciled annuall y with the difference in the beginning of and end of ye ar inventories for these products, when measurements represent lime sold. (b) You must determine the annual quantit y of each calcined b yproduct or waste generated that is not sold by either direct measurement using the same instruments identified in paragraph (a) of this section or by using a calcined by

product or waste generation rate. (c) You must determine the chemical composition (percent total CaO and percent total MgO) of each t ype of lime product that is produced and each type of calcined by product or waste sold according to paragraph (c)(1) or (2) of this section. You must determine the chemical composition of each t ype of lime product that is produced and each typ e of calcined b yproduct or waste sold on a monthly

basis. You must determine the chemical composition for each type of calcined b yproduct or waste that is not sold on an annual basis.Page 7 of 11

(1) ASTM C25

- 06 Standard Test Methods for Chemical Anal ys is of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated L ime (incorporated by reference

—

see §98. 7). (2) The National L ime Association's CO 2 Emissions Calculation Protocol for the L ime Industry English Units Version, February 5, 2008 Revision

- National L ime Association (incorporated b y reference

— see §98.7). (d) You must use the analy sis of calcium oxid e and magnesium oxide content of each lime product that is produced and that is collected during the same month as the production data in monthly

calculations. (e) You must follow the quality assurance/quality

control procedures (including documentation) i n National L ime Association's CO 2 Emissions Calculation Protocol for the Lime Industry English Units Version, February 5, 2008 Revision

— National L ime Association (incorporated b y reference

— see §98.7). **§98.195 Procedures for estimating missing data.**  For the procedure in §98.193(b)(1), a complete record of all measured parameters used in the GHG emissions calculations is required (e.g., oxide content, quantity of lime products, etc.). Therefore, whenever a quality

- assured value of a required parameter is un available, a substitute data value for the missing parameter shall be used in the calculations as specified in paragraphs (a) or (b) of this section. You must document and keep records of the procedures used for all such estimates. (a) For each missing value of the quantit y of lime produced (b y lime t ype), and quantity of calcined b yp roduct or waste produced and sold, the substitute data value shall be the best available estimate based on all available process data or data used for accounting purposes.Page 8 of 11

(b) For missing values related to the CaO and MgO content, you must conduct a new composition test according to the standard methods in §98.194 (c)(1) or (c)(2). **§ 98. 196**  **Data reporting requirements.** In addition to the information required b y § 98. 3(c), each annual report must contain the information specified in paragraphs (a) or (b) of this section, as applicable. (a) If a CEMS is used to measure CO 2 emissions, then you must report under this subpart the relevant information required b y § 98. 36 and the inform ation listed in paragraphs (a)(1) through (8) of this section. (1) Method used to determine the quantity of lime that is produced and quantity of lime that is sold. (2) Method used to determine the quantity of calcined lime by

product or waste sold. (3) Beg inning and end of year inventories for each lime product that is produced, by t ype. (4) Beginning and end of year inventories for calcined lime by products or wastes sold, by ty pe. (5) Annual amount of calcined lime by product or waste sold, by t yp e (tons). (6) Annual amount of lime product sold, by t yp e (tons). (7) Annual amount of calcined lime by product or waste that is not sold, by ty pe (tons). (8) Annual amount of lime product not sold, by ty pe (tons). (b) If a CEMS is not used to measure CO 2 emissions, then you must report the information listed in paragraphs (b)(1) through ( 21 ) of this section. (1) Annual CO 2 process emissions from all lime kilns combined (metric tons). (2) Reserved
. (3) Reserved
.Page 9 of 11

(4) Standard method used (ASTM or NLA test ing method) to determine chemical compositions of each lime ty pe produced and each calcined lime by product or waste t ype. (5) Reserved
. (6) Reserved
. (7) Method used to determine the quantity of lime produced and/or lime sold. (8) Reserved
. (9) Method used to determine the quantity of calcined lime by

product or waste sold. (10) Reserved
. (11) Reserved
. (12) Reserved
. (13) Beginning and end of year inventories for each lime product that is produced. (14) Beginning and end of year inventories for calcined lim e by products or wastes sold. (15) Annual lime production capacity (tons) per facility
. (16) Number of times in the reporting ye ar that missing data procedures were followed to measure lime production (months) or the chemical composition of lime products so ld (months). (17) Indicate whether CO 2 was used on

- site (i.e. for use in a purification process). If CO 2 was used on

- site, provide the information in paragraphs (b)(17)(i) and (ii) of this section. (i) The annual amount of CO 2 captured for use in the on

- si te process. (ii) The method used to determine the amount of CO 2 captured. (18) Annual quantit y (tons) of lime product sold, by t ype. ( 19 ) Annual emission factors for each lime product ty pe produced. (2 0 ) Annual emission factors for each calcined b yproduct/waste b y lime t ype that is sold.Page 10 of 11

(2 1 ) Annual average results of chemical composition anal ys is of each ty pe of lime product produced and calcined by product/waste sold. **§ 98. 197**  **Records that must be retained.** In addition to the records required b y § 98. 3(g), you must retain the records specified in paragraphs (a) through ( c ) of this section. (a) Annual operating hours in calendar year. (b) Records of all anal ys es (e.g. chemical composition of lime products, by ty pe) and calculations conducted. (c) Verifi cation software records . You must keep a record of the file generated by the verification software specified in § 98.5(b) for the applicable data specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (9) of this section. Retention of this file satisfies the recordkeeping requirement for the data in paragraphs (c)(1) through (9) of this section. (1) Monthly

calcium oxide content for each lime ty pe, determined according to § 98.194(c) (metric tons CaO/ metric ton lime) (Equation S

- 1 of § 98.193 ). (2) Monthly

magnesium oxide content for each lime ty pe, determined according to § 98.194(c) (metric tons MgO/ metric ton lime) (Equation S

- 1). (3) Monthly

calcium oxide content for each calcined lime by product or waste ty

pe sold (metric tons CaO/ metric ton lime) (Equation S

- 2 of § 98.193 ). (4) Monthly

magnesium oxide content for each calcined lime by product or waste ty

pe sold (metric tons MgO/ metric ton lime) (Equation S

- 2). (5) Calcium oxide content for each calcined lime byproduct or waste type that is not sold (metric tons CaO/ metric ton lime) (Equation S

- 3 of § 98.193 ).Page 11 of 11

(6) Magnesium oxide content for each calcined lime byproduct or waste type that is not sold (metric tons MgO/ metric ton lime) (Equation S

- 3). (7) Annual weight or mass of calcined b yp roducts or wastes for lime ty pe that is not sold (tons) (Equation S

- 3). (8) Monthly

weight or mass of each lime ty pe produced (tons) (Equation S

- 4 of § 98.193 ). (9) Monthly

weight or mass of each calcined by products or wastes sold (tons) (Equation S
- 4). **§98.198 Definitions.**  All term s used in this subpart have the same meaning given in the Clean Air Act and subpart A of this part. **Table S -**  **1 to Subpart S of Part 98**

**— Basic Parameters for the Calculation of Emission**  **Factors for Lime Production Variable**  **Stoichiometric ratio** SR CaO 0.7848 SRMgO 1.0918