UNITED STATES ENV IRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WAS HINGTON , D
. C
. 2 0460 

## DEC 20 201 0

OF FICE O F CHE MICAL SA FETY A ND P OL LUT ION PR EVENTION 

### MEMO RANDUM
SU BJECT: B EAD C hemic al Pro file f or Regi s trat ion R eview : Cy clanili de



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# 1\1 E l izabe th H ill, E c o no mist Eco nomi c An aly sis Br anch Bio logical and Eco nomic A naly s i s D i vis ion Arnet Jo ne s, C hief 

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. D iann Sim s, C hief

# £l**'-l-** S c ience Information and Anal ysis B ranch T im o th y Ki el y, C hi e f 

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## VV\.: B iolog ical a nd E c o no mic A nalys i Di vi s ion ( ) Mo ni s ha Kaul, Bio logi s t 

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# P B iolog ical Ana ly s i s Branch <, , Ji had A lsadek , Eco no mi s t 

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. S cience Information and A n a lys is B ranch 

### F ROM :

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TO : Yan D o novan , C hemi cal R e vi ew Manage r P e s ticide Reeva luati o n Di vision (750 8P)


### Peer Review Pan el date: August 25 , 20 10 IN TR ODUCTION AND SU MMARY O F C YCLANIL IDE USE SITE S T he purpo se o f thi s do cument i s to co nve y u sage i n fo rmati o n a nd a broad ove rview o f th e p e st man agement ro le s o f p e st icide s th at are be ginnin g to undergo regi s tration re v iew
. Th e an ticipated audience c on sis t s o f th e team o f E P A s ta ff c urrently ev aluating th e registrati on s ta t us of cy lanilide , a nd e ve ntually th e g eneral publi c . Thi s doc ument buil d s upon th e data a lready



### 1provided i n the " Usage a nd Label U se D ata Packages" th at a re a lso provide d t o Reg istration Rev iew te am s b y B EAD
. Cy clanilide is a pl ant growth r e gulator registered f or u s e in cotto n . Cy clanilide produ cts f or u se o n c otton co ntain cycl anilide mi xed with o ne ot her a ctive in gredient , eith er e thophon or mepiqu at c hloride . C y clanilide product s h ave seve ral u se r estriction s o r precautions including plan tback restrictions an d cli matic and g rowth s tage application requ irement s . Cy clanilide appear s to be a co mmonly u s ed pl ant g row th regulator in c otton pro duction
. ( GtK Kyn etec , 20 04 - 2008). C ycl anili de i s als o regi ste red f or us e o n non-ag ricultural , ornam ental u se s ites i ncluding s hade tr ees, herba ceou s plant s , non-flowering pl ant s, an d woo dy s hrubs. C y clanilid e c an be us ed o n nur s ery s to ck o f appl e , c herry , p ear , and pl um. Two products are registered f or th ese u ses. Th ere are a lso e s tabli s hed tolerance s f or r e si due s o f cy clanilide in c ottonseed, cotto n g in byprodu ct s, milk fa t , meat , m eat b y-p roduct s, a nd ca ttle, go at s, ho r s es , ho g s, an d s heep kid neys . Thi s doc ument w ill disc us s th e u ses of cy clanili de i n p lants foc using o n the u se in c otton production. 

### COMMON F ORM ULAT IO NS AND APP LICA nON METHODS Thi s c hemical is fo rmulated as liquid a nd e mulsifiable l iquid. I t m ay b e a pplied as a s pray, f oliar treatment o r b roadca s t. 

### USAGE Ag ricultural Base d o n p rivate ma rket pes ticide u sage d ata fro m 1 998-2008 , th e a verage ag ricultural u s age (e xcludi ng seed tr eatm ent s) i s a pproximately 1 56 ,0 00 p ound s a ctive in gredient for a lmo s t 1.5 m illion a cres (G fK Ky netec , 19 98-2008)
. Cy clan ilide u sage i s m ainly o n cotto n a nd it flu ctuate s from year to y ear. From 1998-2008 , th e large st m arket in t erms o f total pound s o f ac tive in gredient applied i s co tton (100 %) (GtK Kynetec , 1 998-2008)
. Th e s tate s w ith th e mo st co tton u sage in term s of pound s AI applied are : Ge orgia (1 8% ) , No rth C aro lin a ( I 5% ), Arizo na (1 3%) , an d Texas , T ennessee , M i ss issippi (1 0% eac h)
. T he s tates w ith th e mo st total are a tre ated (TAT) are : Texa s a nd Ge orgia ( 17% e ach) , North Caro lina (1 3 %) , M issis si ppi ( 11 %) , and Arizo na ( 10%) (G tK Ky ne tec , 1 998-2008). No n -Agric ultural C yc lanilid e' s u sage d ata on o rnamental plant s are not ava ilable from o ur c urrent d ata sources.

2USE T REN DS Th e fo llowing grap h p rov ide s u sage trend s , in te rm s of po unds a pplied, for cyc lanilide' s largest agric ultural m arkets
. T he d at a provided i n thi s s ection are provided fo r preliminary sco ping p urpo ses . 

### Cotlon 250 .000 ,- - - ---- -- - - -- - -- - - 

# " • -e c 

# , o 

# .. o e-, 1 998 1 999 2000 200 1 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Year

BI OL OGI CA L A SPECTS REL EVANT T O CYC LAN ILIDE Cy clanilide i s u sed as a plant gro wth regulator and d ef oliant i n co tton p roducti on. Defoliation ju st bef ore harvest p revents leaf pigment s from s t ain in g a nd reducing th e qu ality o f co tton fiber ( Peder se n, e t a l. , 2006). D efo liants al so aid in in crea sing yiel d in a s in g le h arve st ( Pedersen , et a I. , 2 006)
. Cy clanilide product s for u se on cotton are c ombined with o ne o ther acti ve ingredient , either etheph on o r mepiquat c hloride. The pr oduct F inish 6 Pro H arve st Ai d ® includ es th e a ctive in gredient e thephon
. It i s u sed t o accelerate o pen i ng o f m a ture co tton boll s, promote def oliati on o f b oth mature and j uvenile fo liage, and redu ce termin al hei ght (CD MS, 20 10)
. C limatic pre cauti ons includi ng rain fall and temp erature a re li sted o n th e l abel. Pl antback re stricti ons i n th e US, o ther th an Ca lifo rnia an d Arizona, o n th e pro duct l abel sta te th at s ma ll gra ins o r leafy v egetables can 

### be pl anted after 3 0 d ays o f the l ast a pplicat ion a nd an y oth er f ood cro p can 

### be pl anted afte r fo ur m onth s o f last a p plication
. I n Ca lifornia and A rizona, a ny f ood c rop m ay b e pl anted afte r 30 day s . A nother cyclan ilide p rod uct. Stance P lant G rowth Regu lato rt'" , i s a l ow dose pl ant g ro wth re gulator fo r ear ly an d mi d season co tton c rop management ( CDMS , 20 10)
. Accord ing to th e produc t label, Stan ce P lant Growth R egulatortw c o ntro l s growth , p ro mote s early ma turity, i ncrease s fruit retention, reduces bo ll rot and i n cre ases in crop m anageabili ty. Thi s p roduc t include s two act ive i ngredients : m epiquat chloride p lus cyclani lide
. It ma y 

### be first app lied when at least 50 pe rcent o f co tton p lant s have at least one percent ma tch head squares ( first flora l 

### 3

### b uds)
. New s mall grain and l eaf y vege table c rops can be pl anted after 75 d ays o flas t application
. A ny o ther cro p c an be 

### p lanted after four months of last application. The primary u se of cycianilide i s f or b oll ope ning an d defo liation i n co tton (G fK K ynetec, 2004 - 2008)
. Accord ing to c hemical u sage d ata , the re are many alternatives used for bo ll ope ning s uch s ulfcarbami d e, tribufo s, an d thi diazuron amo ng ot her s . H owever, the data in dicate th at e thephon and cyclani lide are app lied to the most co tton ac reage for bo ll ope ning ( GfK Kyne tec, 2004

- 2008) . In additio n, acco rd ing to c hemica l usage data reported, there are many al ternative s used for d efoliation s uch as tribufo s, thidiazuron , and d iuron amo ng others
. Tribufo s an d thidiazuron are used 

### for def oliation on the mo st cotton acreage followed by ethep hon, d iuron, and cyclan ilide ( GIK Kynetec, 2004 -2008 )
. C yclanilide i s a lso used in o rnamental and nursery production
. In nursery production , c yclanil ide has been f ound to induce lateral bran ch gr owth in tree s as an alternative to mechanic al prunin g to p roduce compact, full tree s ( Holland
. et al ., 2007 ; Banko and Stefani , 20 07; El fving and Vi sser, 2006 )
. Two products are currently re gistered f or s uch uses : Cy clanilide 18% and Tiberon 2 .8% SC I}
. HISTORY OF BEAD ASSESSMENTS FOR C YCLANILIDE Acco rding to BEAD' s Official Reco rd s Databa se, and RD ' s Sect ion 1 8 database, the re h ave bee n no eme rgency exemp tion reque s t s for cyclanili de
. There are a l so no formal be nefits a ssessmen t me moranda fro m B EAD for thi s growth regulator. DATA NEEDS RELEVANT TO B EAD'S FUTURE WORK ON CYCLANILIDE Obta ining ad ditional i nformation o n th e fo llowing ite ms w ould imp rove BEAD's ass essment of the i mportance of cy clanilide as a plant gro wth r egulator. Thi s as sess ment i s likely t o be requi red as p art of th e r egi str ation rev iew of thi s pe sticide
. 1. 

### In formation o n grow er 's s election crit eria for gro wth regulator at eac h crop s tage where cy clanilide may be u sed. 2
. Cycl anilide u sage data for ornam ental s ite s and inf ormation o n e ffective alternativ es. 3
. Fo r ag ricultural u s es , w orker ac tivities th at oc cur in treated fields at the typical time o f cy clanilide a pplications. 4
. C o mp arative cost s of cy clanilide ver s us o ther growt h reg ulators in identified u se s ites.
REFERENCES Banko , T J
. an d S tefani , M .A., 2007
. Cycl anilide Promotes Latera l Branc hing in Nursery Prod uction of Woo dy Land scape Spe cie s. 

### Journal of Env ironmental H orticulture 25(4) :215

- 220
. Acce s sed onl ine : hnp :/I""w .hriresearch .org/doc s/publication s/JEHIJEH 2007 /JEH 

### 2007 25 4 /JEH%2025-4- 

### SNI.pdf , Au gu st 1 6 , 2010
.

4CDM S, 20 10
. ELFVIKO D
. C., V ISSER D .S. 2006
. The u se o f bio regulat ors in th e producti o n o f de ciduous frui t tr ees . Acta Ho rt . ( ISHS ) 72 7 :57 -66
. Onli ne : http ://v. 'WW . actahort. orglmembers/showpd fl booknramr=727 4 . Acc e ssed : Aug us t 16 ,20 10 . O tK Kynetec, 1 998-2008
. O tK Kynetec , 20 04 - 2008
. Holl and , A.S ., OJ
. Keever, J .R. Ke s s ler , J r ., and F
. D ane , 2007
. M u lt iple C yclanilide 

### Application s Pr omo te Branc hing 

### of Woody 

### Ornamenta l s . Journal o f Envir onmen tal Hort ic ulture 25 (4 ) : 19 1 -1 96
. Acces sed o nline : hrtp : // "",w .hrire search .orgldoc s/pu blical ion s/JEH/ JEH 2007 /JE H 2007 25 4 /J EH % 2025-4- SN I. pdf , Augu st 1 6 , 20 10
. P ede rsen, M .K , J
. D
. Bu rt o n , an d H .D
. Coble , 2006
. Effect of C ycianilide , E th e p hon, A uxin 

### Tran sport I nhibitors, an d T empera tur e on W hole Plant Defo liation. Crop Scie nce 4 6 : 1 666-1672 . Acces se d o n line: https ://www .crops.orglpublications /c s/article s/46/4 /1666 , A ugu s t 17 , 2 0 10 .



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