j.

-.
INVESTIGATION OF MERCURY-ANTIMONY

DEPOSITS NEAR FLAT, YUKON RIVER

REGION, ALASKA

By R. P. Maloney

report of investigations 5991

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Stewart L. Udall, Secretary

BUREAU OF MINES

Marling J. Ankeny, Director
This publication has been cataloged as follows:

Maloney, Raymond P

Investigation of mercury-antimony deposits near Flat, Yukon

River region, Alaska. [Washington] U. S. Dept. of the Interior,

Bureau of Mines [1962]

44 p. illus., tables. 27 cm. (U. S. Bureau of Mines. Report of

investigations, 5991)

1. Mercury. 2. Antimony. I. Title. (Series)

TN23.U7 no. 5991 622.06173

U. S. Dept. of the Int. Library
CONTENTS

Page

Summary and introduction .. ... . .... ........... * * * * * 1

Acknowledgments ................... *............. .0...............................

2

Location and accessibility ............ ........ .2

History and production ........ $.... s ........ .... ........ . 2

Physical features and climate ...................... O.. 4

Property ownership and mine workings .................... 5

General geology................ ...... .. . .... ...... ... . 5

Work by the Bureau ofMines ......... uo .0e.............s... 8

Preliminary investigations.............. .... 8

Trenching and channel sampling ................... o 9

Procedures . ... .. ... .... . .. ... .. 9

Results ................................. *......o ..0 ..... 9

Soil sampling, ...... o.................. ........... o............. 15

Appendix. - Logs of trenches ..... ...... .................... 25

ILLUSTRATIONS

Fig.

1. Index map, Southwestern Alaska..................... 3

2. Aerial geology, Flat, Alaska..,-.* ............ 0.... 6

3. Geology and topography of trench area, Flat, Alaska 7

4. Geologic and sample plan of trenches S-1, B-1 to

B-3, and B-27 . ................ . ..... . 10

5. Geologic and sample plan of trenches S-2 to S-4.... 11

6. Geologic and sample plan of trenches S-5, B-4, B-5,

and B-13 to B-15 ................. .................... 0.. .. 13

7. Geologic and sample plan of trenches B-8 to B-12... 14

8. Soil-sampled area, upper Chicken Creek ..... ... ...... 15

TABLES

1. Summary of miscellaneous surface-sampling data...... 17

2. Summary of trench-sampling data........ o ....... ....... 19

3. Summary of petrographic analysis.................... 21

4. Summary of spectrographic analysis.....o......*.... 23

5. Summary of soil-sampling data..... .................. 24
INVESTIGATION OF MERCURY-ANTIMONY DEPOSITS

NEAR FLAT, YUKON RIVER REGION, ALASKA'

by

R. P. Maloney 2

SUMMARY AND INTRODUCTION

Since mining operations began in 1900, Government geologists and mining

men have periodically recorded the presence of the minerals of mercury and

antimony in the extensive gold placer deposits near Flat in the Iditarod

district of the Yukon River region, Alaska. No serious effort was made to

recover the cinnabar contained in the gold placer gravels, and there is no

evidence that veins of cinnabar and stibnite exposed in the placer operations

(as reported by the Geological Survey) were ever explored or developed.

A large monzonitic intrusive, which is the dominant geologic feature of

the immediate area, is believed to be the lode source of the valuable minerals

in the placer deposits. In contact with the monzonite are argillite and

quartzite, metamorphic products from the Cretaceous shales and sandstones.

A reconnaissance of the Flat district was made in 1955 as a part of the

Bureau of Mines investigation of mercury and other strategic mineral resources

of the Yukon and Kuskokwim River regions. In 1956 information obtained by

this reconnaissance and data from Government reports led to a program of bulldozer trenching and soil sampling in the Glen and Black Gulch areas and soil

sampling on upper Chicken Creek. These areas contained the greatest concentrations of placer cinnabar; veins of cinnabar were reported to have been

exposed by the mining operations.

During the Bureau's investigations bedrock was exposed in over 10,000

lineal feet of bulldozer trenches from which 83 channel samples were taken;

307 soil samples were taken over selected areas. The only mercury in place

was found in the monzonite, where a small quartz vein contained visible cinnabar. In a 1,500-foot section of trenched area, along and adjacent to the

quartz monzonite-shale contact, small gold-bearing quartz and arsenopyrite

veins, quartz veins with stibnite, and short lenses of stibnite were exposed

in the highly altered sedimentary rocks.

'Work on manuscript completed September 1961.

2Mine examination and exploration engineer, Alaska Office of Mineral Resources,

Bureau of Mines, Region I, Juneau, Alaska.
2

Channel and specimen samples from several of the trench exposures con- tained interesting amounts of gold and/or antimony. Because of the highly

mercury, 

erratic nature of this mineralization, and also because of the absence of

width 

no attempt was made to follow the ore-bearing structures beyond the of the bulldozer trenches. The results of soil sampling to determine the distribution of antimony in overburden covering known stibnite veins indicated that this method of sampling may be of value as a guide to the dis- covery of stibnite, which may be gold bearing.

This report summarizes general information on the Flat area and describes the work done by the Bureau of Mines.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Acknowledgment is made to the Alaska Road Commission for use of vehicles

all 

and 

of 

to 

Flat, 

John Stevens, William Burns, Julian Struver, and the Miscovich Bros., for information on previous mining operations. Appreciation is expressed to W. E. Dunkle (deceased), formerly of Anchorage, Rasmus Nielson (deceased), formerly of Flat, and Patrick Savage of Ruby for information on the Golden Horn mine and to the latter for the use of buildings on that property.

LOCATION AND ACCESSIBILITY

Flat is in the western half of the Yukon River region, Iditarod dis- trict,a at approximately latitude 62°27' N., longitude 158001' W. (fig. 1); it is at the confluence of Flat and Otter Creeks, approximately 90 air miles southwest of McGrath. Heavy mining machinery, fuel oil, and general supplies formerly were brought by riverboat and barge via the Yukon, Innoko, and Iditarod 

to Flat, 

Rivers 

which 

(formerly, Haiditarod River) to Iditarod, then 7 miles by road

placer-mining 

is the principal distribution center for what was once a large district. The town now has an airfield that will accommodate twin-engine planes, and most supplies, including fuel oil, are presently brought in by air. Iditarod, now a ghost town, and the principal placer mines in the area are accessible to Flat via good dirt and graveled roads.

At the time of the Bureau's investigation (1956), Flat had a permanent population 

at 

of 15. During the summer about 40 additional workers were employed

500; 

the placer mines. At one time the town supported a population of about consequently there are a number of vacant buildings. A general store, post office, and U.S. Weather Bureau Station are maintained throughout the year.

HISTORY AND PRODUCTION

Early Russian explorations in Alaska were generally confined to the coast and 

The 

yielded little information regarding the Kuskokwim and Yukon River basins. first trip to these interior regions was recorded in 1829 by Russian

3Ransome, A. L., and Kerns, W. A., Names and Definitions of Regions, Districts, and Subdistricts 

78.

in Alaska: Bureau of Mines Inf. Circ. 7679, 1954, pp. 65,
3

1I580 .15 01540 1520 S~ Mt. 1500

, Takotna } g ' '14° %> Is Q/ cKtn(ey Takotno 0 Mc~~~~~rath j~Mt. Forako

BEAVER 17:000

I I It<) gillSN % 9,,0E, 1 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Petersvilb le -i 9,000< ken

0~~~~~

De Courcy Mine 0) ve

CreekX d~

ed DeKM ne \ > v } Vf m~~~~~~~~~~~~~~almer

\ \ h t~~ g.50 ~~ 100U f e Mine Devil ~ ~ Sal i Mle ' V /¢°H 1 > jr ~~~~~~~1l~69 ANT

i 8 g </ / ^0 g k ~~~~~~~~~~~~Kenai -

! < !° | _X5CC,189°fnv/

& too °°

FIGURE 1. - Index Map, Southwestern Alaska. (Adapted from Geological Survey map.)

explorers who followed the Holitna River (then called the Chulitna) to the

Kuskokwim, which they descended to its mouth. 4 In 1832 the explorers may have

ascended the Kuskokwim as far as the mouth of the Takotna River, near the

present site of McGrath. Trips were made into the Innoko River basin around

1840, and maps made by the Russians at that time show a trading post on the

Kuskokwim about 30 miles below McGrath, near the abandoned native village of

Vinasale. 5 Apparently the Russians had little interest in the district other

than fur trade and made few trips to areas not easily accessible by river.

As early as 1889 prospwectors were in the Kuskokwim Valley. 6 In 1906 gold was

found near the headwaters of the Innoko River, and on Christmas Day 1908, gold

was discovered on Otter Creek, near the present town of Flat, by two prospectors from the Innoko district, W. A. Dikeman and John Beaton. 7

4 Smith, Philip S., The Lake Clark-Central Kuskokwim. Region, Alaska: Geol.

Survey Bull. 655, 1917, pp. 13-14.

5 Maddren, A. G., The Innoko Gold-Placer District, Alaska: Geol. Survey Bull.

410, 1910, pp. 20-21.

6 Work cited in footnote 5.

7 Maddren, A. G., Gold Placer Mining Developments in the Innoko-Iditarod

Region: Geol. Survey Bull. 480-I, 1911, pp. 237-238.
4

In 1910 about 2,500 people were in the area. Iditarod was the commercial

center of the district with a population of 1,000 people; it supported a bank,

several large stores, and other business houses. Several other small towns

were established adjacent to the gold placer mines in the area: Otter City,

with a population of 50, was located at the mouth of Otter Creek; Dikeman, on

the Iditarod River, had a population of about 100; Bowler and Discovery, with

a combined population of about 300, were located 3 miles above Flat on Otter

Creek; Flat supported about 500 people. All but Flat are now abandoned, and

Bowler, Discovery, and Otter City are completely destroyed; only the vestige

of a trading post remains at Dikeman. The resident population of the area has

steadily declined from about 1,600 in 1912 to 15 in 1956.

Gold production was first recorded in 1910; the output of the Iditarod

district that year was 24,187 ounces of gold and 4,254 ounces of silver, 8

about two-fifths coming from Otter Creek and the remainder from Flat. The

total recorded gold production of the area from 1910 to 1955 is 1,469,711

ounces. Incomplete records indicate that about 1 ounce of silver was produced

for every 6 ounces of gold. Although considerable placer cinnabar occurred

with the gold, no attempt was made to save it.

The Golden Horn mine was the only productive lode mine in the area; the

first year of production was 1922, and ore shipments were made in 1922, 1935,

1936, and 1937. A total of 528 tons of ore shipped to the smelter contained

2,706 ounces of gold, 2,620 ounces of silver, 9,336 pounds of lead, and 653

pounds of zinc. Records state that the pumps were removed from the mine in

1935; some exploration and development work was done in 1936-37 but the mine

has not operated since 1935.

PHYSICAL FEATURES AND CLIMATE

All of the placer and lode mines in the vicinity of Flat are included in

an 8- by 10-mile area which is drained by tributaries of the Iditarod River.

A monzonite intrusive rises to approximately 2,850 feet altitude near the

center of this area; all placer operations are on creeks that either head in

or cross this intrusive.

Most of the creek beds have been mined, and the old placer tailings are

covered by a dense growth of brush, willows, and alders. Spruce trees up to

18 inches in diameter are found along creeks that were not mined and on a few

of the slopes. However, most trees have been cut, and the ridges and hills

that were once timbered are now covered with a mantle of sphagnum moss and

scattered patches of brush. Incongruously, an occiasional large granitic

boulder is exposed on the hillsides. The terrain is such that road and trail

construction is relatively inexpensive.

The climate is typical of the Yukon Valley; the winters are long and cold,

with temperatures to minus 600 F.; the summers are short and warm, with temperatures occasionally to 90° F. The Weather Bureau Station at Flat records

8 Eakin, Henry M., The Iditarod-Ruby Region, Alaska: Geol. Survey Bull. 578,

1914, p. 34.
5

the annual precipitation at about 20 inches, mostly as rain from June through

September. High winds and fog occur frequently.

PROPERTY OWNERSHIP AND MINE WORKINGS

Intensive prospecting in the Flat area resulted in the early discovery of

numerous placer-gold deposits, many of which are now worked out. During the

1956 season only six placer mines were active: North American Dredging Co.

and Otter Dredging Co. operated floating dredges on Flat and Otter Creeks

respectively; Gus Backstrom conducted hydraulic mining operations on Flat

Creek; nonfloat plants were operated on Otter Creek by the Miscovich Bros.,

and on Prince Creek by the Prince Creek Mining Co., and Julian Struver did a

small amount of hydraulic mining on Flat Creek. The Golden Horn is the only

lode mine of significance in the area (figs. 2 and 3) and is reported to be

developed by a 200-foot shaft, 350 feet of adit, 1,100 feet of drifts, and 200

feet of raises. All of the workings have been inaccessible for years; the

mine machinery and shafthouse were in poor condition, but the bunkhouse and

assay office were in good repair. The mine is owned by Robert F. Lyman and

Roger Markle of Red Devil, Alaska.

Other lode prospects include a short adit driven on a quartz vein, near

the head of Black Creek (fig. 2) and a small shaft driven on a quartz vein

exposed on the ridge above Malemute Gulch. Both workings were inaccessible in

1956, but examination of the dumps and reports of local residents indicate

that no ore was encountered. About 400 feet west of the mouth of Malemute

Gulch, a caved adit approximately 70 feet long is reported by local prospectors to have small stringers of cinnabar associated with gold-bearing quartz

veins exposed in the face. The ownership of these lode prospects was not

determined.

The Bureau's trenching operations were confined to the vicinity of Minnie

Gulch and Glen Gulch on or adjacent to placer claims owned by the Miscovich

Bros. and on the Golden Horn lode claims (fig. 3).

GENERAL GEOLOGY

The general geology of the Iditarod district, where the Flat deposits are

located, has been described in several publications by the Geological Survey

to which the reader is referred for details. In addition to the authors

already cited,9 Brooksl and Mertiell 12 contributed much detailed information

on the geology and mines of the district.

The following brief discussion of the general geology is summarized from

Geological Survey bulletins by Brooks and Mertie.

9Works cited in footnotes 4, 5, and 8.

°

0 Brooks, Alfred H., Antimony Deposits of Alaska: Geol. Survey Bull. 649,

1916, pp. 47-49.

1 Mertie, Jr., J. B., and Harrington, G. L., The Ruby-Kuskokwim Region, Alaska:

Geol. Survey Bull. 754, 1924, pp. 33-34, 67-71, 108-117.

12 Mertie, Jr., J. B., Mineral Deposits of the Ruby-Kuskokwim Region, Alaska:

Geol. Survey Bull. 864-c, 1936, pp. 135-137, 140-143, 198-223, 225-226,

242-244.
6

I -v| /7 i 3 , Molemue ,

Gulch

2 Qurt ~ ~ ~ mozoit ~ ~ ~ - J < 5?*:| / V> < c 

otte Plc \> v~ > Golden Horn 

LEGEND~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ > A d i t ~~~~~~~~7 , * 7 v 4

A

1

Qat Dinchnite

/,/////~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~E Eieiti ~ ~ V orn I Shale,, sndstone, argilite > AL L'

j Placer tailing > , v

5~SPlacer 1- ' mine X \ -iS~~~~~~'7 < J' 't > L

A A -7

k ~~~~~~~A

Road aeia phtadGooiclSrea. A A

77

I A7 AKAAA 7 I

>- Adit~~~~~~~~~~>A

7

L 77

0 3~000 6.000 9/0 0

FIGURE 2. Aerial Geology, Flat, Alaska. (Adapted from Brunton survey,

aerial photo, and Geological Survey map.)
>~~~

V L ~~~ -~~ ~ ~ -.14 ~~~~ L .j L ' >

-7 -~~~~~~~~~r -? ~~~~~~~~ - -7. 

z. -J~ ~ ~ - -

cre-je~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Ae

V --- ~ - -----

--~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-----

> > v --------- -

V > ~ 4 > 

>' >

> <~(

CD

L

A ~~~~~~~ A L ~~~~~~~~~~ ~-J

I-~~~~4

a . >: LL

goo

LEGEND

F,' Quartz moriz lite

L~lPlacer tailingsB1

Shale /sandstone/argi llte <1

Ditch

Approx. contact, ..... igneoussedimentary

...Boundary of placer workings.

Bulldozer trench

:2'Underground mine workings

> 7

> ~~ ~~~~~0 200 400 e00 800

\ ? ~~~~~~~~~~C-tour WrInwo 50 feet

FIGURE 3.- Geology and Topography of Trench Area, Flat, Alaska. (Adapted from

Brunton survley, aerial photo, and Geological Survey map.)
8

The mineral deposits of the Flat area are underlain by Upper Cretaceous

and Eocene sediments, principally sandstone, shale, and conglomerate, but with

some quartzite and slate. These sediments are intruded by basic rocks of late

Eocene or post-Eocene age, which in turn are intruded by quartz monzonite.

Evidence of close genetic relationship between the basic and acidic intrusives

indicates a comparatively short time interval between the periods of intrusion.

The quartz monzonite intrusive on Flat and Otter Creeks is believed to be the

source of the gold as well as of the stibnite, cinnabar, and lesser scheelite

commonly found in the heavy mineral concentrates from both the alluvial and

residual types of placer deposits that are found in the district. Early

reports note that placer-mining operations at a number of localities uncovered

stibnite-bearing veins and stringers; specific mention is made of such lode

discoveries on Otter and Slate Creeks, Glen Gulch, and Black and Chicken

Creeks, all of which are located in or adjacent to the quartz monzonite intrusive. Except as noted in the previous chapter, little or no attempt was made

to explore or develop the veins, and all traces of their outcrops have been

covered by subsequent placer operations.

WORK BY THE BUREAU OF MINES

Preliminary Investigations

Attention was directed to the mercury production potential of the

Iditarod mining district when laboratory studies of samples, collected by

Bureau of Mines engineers from placer-mining operations throughout Alaska,

revealed that the heavy mineral concentrates from several washing plants near

Flat contained abundant cinnabar as well as small to trace amounts of scheelite, stibnite, and cassiterite. Interest in the area was further stimulated

by a careful review of the Geological Survey reports on the Iditarod district

(previously cited), all of which made special note of the presence of cinnabar

in the gold placers near Flat.

As a result of these studies, a reconnaissance of the district was made

during the 1955 field season by a Bureau of Mines engineer R. P. Maloney.

Placer-concentrate samples were obtained from deposits on upper Chicken,

Prince, and Otter Creeks (including Glen and Minnie Gulches), Malemute Gulch,

and Slate and Happy Creeks (fig. 2), and specimen samples of bedrock and mineralized float were collected for laboratory study and analyses. The workings

of the Golden Horn lode mine were inaccessible, but a number of specimen samples of ore and wall rock were collected from the mine dumps, as well as from

a 5-foot vein of quartz exposed to the north of the mine shaft. Chemical

analyses of the concentrate and specimen samples are given in table 1; petrographic and spectrographic studies of selected samples are summarized in

tables 4 and 5.

The preliminary samples and information supplied by the local mine operators indicated that placer cinnabar occurred in relative abundance at the

mouths of Glen Gulch and Black Creek, in lesser amounts on upper Chicken,

upper Happy, and upper Prince Creeks, and in trace amounts elsewhere throughout the district. In the Glen Gulch-Black Creek area, occasional nuggets of

cinnabar as large as 3 by 10 inches in size and weighing as much as 10 pounds
9

were found; smaller nuggets (3 inches and less in diameter) were common.

Mercury content of the nuggets ranged from 42 to 60 percent, with 0.1 or less

percent antimony detected (table 1, samples 40, 41, and 93); quartz was the

principal gangue mineral. Abundant quartz monzonite float indicated that this

area was underlain by, or adjacent to, the igneous intrusive believed to be

the source of the placer minerals. The proximity of the Golden Horn lode-gold

mine, the workings of which are reported to be in quartz monzonite, and the

adjoining sedimentary rocks was considered to be further evidence of conditions favorable to the discovery of lode-mercury deposits, particularly in the

vicinity of Glen Gulch. Based on these observations, a program of trenching

and sampling was conducted during the period from June through September 1956.

Trenching and Channel Sampling

Procedures

A crawler-type tractor equipped with a 13-foot bulldozer (straight blade)

was used to expose approximately 10,120 lineal feet of bedrock in 31 trenches

located to explore critical areas in the vicinity of the Golden Horn mine,

Glen Gulch, Black Creek, and Minnie Gulch (fig. 3); the work included the

widening and deepening of five old trenches (S-l to S-5, fig. 3) having a

total length of 1,820 feet. Depth of overburden ranged from 1.5 to 14 feet.

During the first part of the season, the ground was frozen to about 2

feet below the insulating cover of moss, but by early August most of the frost

was gone. Until then, the moss was stripped from the area to be trenched, and

the overburden was left exposed for several days to allow it to thaw before

trenching operations were started.

After reaching solid formation with the bulldozer, handscrapers and wire

brushes were used to clean a strip 2 feet wide down the center of each trench

to plainly expose the bedrock. Where significant mineralization was exposed

by the center strip, the entire width of the trench was thus cleaned and both

channel and specimen samples were taken. All trenches were carefully mapped

and logged in detail.

Results

The series of bulldozer trenches that were excavated southward from the

Golden Horn mine shaft (fig. 3) explored a section of the quartz monzoniteshale contact which, although covered, was already fairly well located by

geological evidence and previous prospecting. No mercury lodes were discovered, but some of the trenches did partially expose a strongly altered mineralized zone containing stringers, narrow veins, short lenses, and pockets of

quartz, stibnite, and arsenopyrite associated with widely varying amounts of

gold. The limited number of exposures indicates that this mineralized zone

extends along the contact from the vicinity of trench B-27 through trench S-4

(fig. 3); a distance of over 1,500 feet. Trench S-5, located on the contact

about 450 feet southwest of trench S-4, did not expose significant mineralization; there were no trenches on the contact west of S-5 or east of B-27.
10

r ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Bunk houses

35- < 99 X ~~~~~~~345 4 288X

E-1 Quartz Tonzonite ° @ / a _

mA rgillIi te / shae et.

- i- Strike of vertical vein/bed

- -3 Strike a dip of vein/ bed/ 70'~~~~~~~~~~- 

0

0 Cha~nnel sampler4

0 100 200 300

Sca le in Feet //

FIGURE 4. - Geologic and Sample Plan of Trenches S-1, B-1 to B-3, and B-27.

Trench B-27 n (figs. 3 and 4) exposed two quartz veins, each about foot

wide, in which auriferous stibnite occurred in lenses of erratic size, grade,

and distribution. Samples were taken at various places along the short strike

exposures to determine the character of mineralization rather than the average

grade of the narrow veins. Analyses indicated that these veins contained antimony in the range of from less than 0.1 to 42 percent and gold ranging from

0.06 to 1.58 ounces per ton. Both veins were vertical and had apparent

strikes to southwest and northwest respectively. No attempt was made to

follow them beyond the trench exposures. The southwest-striking vein, if

continuous, should have been intersected by trench S-1 but was not detected

in that trench.

Other trenches in this immediate vicinity (trenches S-1, B-1, B-2, and

B-3, fig. 4) exposed several stringers and small veins of quartz or quartz

and arsenopyrite that were either barren of valuable minerals or too small to

be of interest. Trench S-1 crossed the contact zone, but trenches B-1, B-2,

and B-3, were entirely within the quartz monzonite.

Trenches S-2, S-3, and S-4 (fig. 5) were spaced at 200-foot intervals to

explore a 400-foot section of the contact zo nrlear the head of Glen Gulch.
4 1~ ~~~~1

0,8 2 J~~~~~~~~~~~

L 1~/J~ Caved 

Am, #26// Argllsha/hal .7 ~ ~ 2 24 4~ r tP shaft~~~~~~~Agilieshl

\7110 ~ ~ ~ / Q uartzite

¢ // 1, An ~~~~~~~Line of soil sample

</$c <L\ // O~~~~~~ Channel sample

aim // Strike of vertical

4j1wvein /bed

1/ ~~~~~~Strike EN dip of

0 x0 20 300 T80°o vein /bed . ~' . _ tM 

L11M

Scale in Feet

FIGURE 5. - Geologic and Sample Plan of Trenches S-2 to S-4.
12

A number of stringers, small veins, and short lenses, containing auriferous

quartz, stibnite, and arsenopyrite in various proportions and combinations,

were exposed.

Where sampled, the mineralized exposures ranged in width from 0.2 to 4.6

feet. Samples contained antimony in amounts ranging from less than 0.1 to

29.3 percent and gold ranging from a trace to 2.16 ounces per ton; no significant amount of mercury was detected. All of the deposits exposed in this area

were extremely erratic in width and ore mineral content; wide variations in

both were common over short strike distances. Because of these characteristics, and also because mercury was not found, no attempt was made to follow

individual structures beyond the comparatively narrow limits of the bulldozer

trenches.

Trenches B-4 through B-15 were located on the slopes of the ridge between

Glen Gulch and the valley of Black Creek (fig. 3). The trenches exposed the

quartz monzonite bedrock almost continuously along a line extending approximately 2,400 feet northwestward from the contact zone. Only a few mineralized

stringers were found and sampled (figs. 6 and 7). The largest of these was a

6-inch-wide vein of arsenopyrite and rusty-colored quartz, a sample of which

contained 0.76 percent WO, and 0.64 ounce of gold per ton (trench B-9, sample

77.) This was the only sample of vein material exposed in the trenches

that contained scheelite in sufficient quantity to be readily detected with

the ultraviolet light, although this mineral is fairly common in placer deposits throughout the district. No attempt was made to follow the narrow vein

beyond the limits of the discovery trench. A 6-foot-wide zone of argillite

and arsenopyrite in trench B-15 contained 0.21 ounce of gold per ton (sample

250, fig. 6).

Trenches B-16 through B-26, on the slopes of Minnie Gulch, and trench B28, north of the Golden Horn mine shaft (fig. 3), explored for the lode

source of the residual-type placer deposits found in these areas. All of the

trenches encountered quartz monzonite in various stages of weathering, ranging

from fresh to completely decomposed material. Generally, there was considerably less alteration of the bedrock and fewer mineralized stringers in this

area than was encountered in the trenches in the vicinity of Glen Gulch. A

few quartz stringers, all less than 2 inches wide, contained a maximum of 0.24

ounce of gold per ton. Trench B-19 exposed a quartz stringer 1-1/4 inches

wide that contained visible cinnabar in small pockets. Sample 88 of a

cinnabar-bearing pocket and sample 90 of the stringer contained 0.24 and 0.11

percent mercury, respectively. These were the only trench samples obtained in

which cinnabar was readily visible. In contrast to samples from the contact

zone, samples from the Minnie Gulch area contained only trace amounts of

antimony.

All samples from the trenches, as well as the miscellaneous samples from

the region, were checked for fluorescence and ratioactivity. Type samples

were examined spectrographically and petrographically. Chemical analyses of

all samples are summarized in table 2, the results of petrographic studies

are given in table 3, and spectrographic analyses are tabulated in table 4.

Detailed logs of all trenches are given in the appendix.
13

LEGEND N D*..,,.

Quartz monzonite 7

Lii Sandstone '5'7 r

u AArgillite/shale 62

Quartzite rj, 4 r ,,

Line of soil samples - 1r (

0 Channel sample -,

i rr ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- 7

.4

0 100 200

1',I

Scale in Feet

-,

"S

Tr. B-15 g s.,< Tr B-1 (.|

<5 <

FIGURE 6. - Geologic and Sample Plan of Trenches S-5, B-4, B-5, and B-13 to B-15.
14

L LGEND 0~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 4 ~~7 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

'0~~~~~~~~'

LEGEND

Quartz monzonite

- Strike of vertical vein /bed

t00 Strike S dip of vein/bed 73

a Channel sample

o 100 200 300

Scale in Feet 90°

FIGURE 7. - Geologic and Sample Plan of Trenches B-8 to B-12.
15

Soil Sampling

The relative abundance of gold-bearing stibnite stringers in trenches on

or near the quartz monzonite-shale contact indicated that antimony might be

present in the overburden and might occur in sufficiently variable amounts to

sharply mark the location of the contact zone or the larger veins. To check

this possibility, soil-sampling methods were employed in selected areas.

The soil samples were taken by hand auger at a uniform depth of 18 inches

below the bottom of the moss cover. Samples were taken at 10-foot intervals

along the sides of trenches S-2, S-3, and S-4, where veins of stibnite were

exposed in the bottoms of the trenches. Average depth of overburden in these

trenches ranged from 5 to 6 feet, but maximum depths were considerably greater.

Parts per million of antimony in the samples increased sharply over the known

stibnite veins, often increasing from less than 100 parts per million to more

than 1,000 parts per million in a single sample interval. Trench-side soilsampling data are tabulated in table 5.

'2 -7~~~~~~~-7- ">71

>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~' '2

> 2' 7 22 2L ' '

t -7 A > 2 '

7 ~ ~ ~ ~~~~''% '' '2~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0< 7 t'7 L K<< 7 

L~~~~A

-7 -<<L K

<A <~~~~~~~~~~'12 2 A < ' L1

(n' ~ ~ ~ ~ '' '2~- A'2 '2rIJV > ''' - .' '-.jA >' '2 "> A "

'2> % ' <''''2' VA ' t' <22K >

~~''> K ~~'J >1- '2 L > '2-v '2~~L

A '< L''7'

'> VV A7-

L -7 K'2' '> L ' A > ' > '2A ' '2

'2> A ~~~~~~~~~~~~ '2 >'2'2K~~~~~~<> t'2'' A '2'

\ -1<' KK

1

'' ' ' L 7 <IV t

V > I- > I- ~~~~~~~~~~ 0 L J L~2 

r, A L ' ' ' '' ~'2 ' ' 2 -7 K AL,

'2 \''''' '~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ A V <'2 < ' K~~~~~~~~~~~ < A

F VL K-' L~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 

- 7 V

LEGEND < < < '

7 ~Quartz monzonite > '2

Placer tailings '2 > 7

'2> >~N 2 '22 '' < K> V7' 7 '

S.oisampled are A '\7 <' < 2 -7L<-7

(all less than 5 ppm Hg) AK '2 7'

'2'2 2V->A> L > A

Boundary of placer workings < 2 ' ' VA '

Road K < 2 > <> A 'K ''

200 400 600A7 <KL2,-'K ' < K V2K 

V A L,'2 ~ Scle i Feet 2 A

FIGURE 8. - Soil-Sampled Area Upper Chicken Creek. (Adapted from Br'unton

survey, aerial photo, and Geological Survey map.)
16

Several lines of soil samples were taken between trenches; one short line

extended southeast from the end of trench S-3. The locations of these lines

and assay data are shown on figures 5 and 6. Samples that contained less than

10 parts per million of antimony were not mapped. The line extending southeast from trench S-3 is of particular interest because of the high average

parts per million. Projections of vein exposed in trench S-4 pass through this line.

A hillside area above a cinnabar-bearing residual-type placer deposit on

upper Chicken Creek was sampled for mercury content of the soil (fig. 8).

Results of this work were negative; all of the soil samples contained less

than the 5 parts per million of mercury that constituted the limit of detection of the analytical method employed. The location of the soil-sampled area is shown on figure 8.

All samples were shipped to Juneau, Alaska, for chemical analyses at the

Bureau's laboratory. Because of the time lag between shipment and completion of analyses, soil-sampling data were not available for guidance during the

trenching program. The results of the work, however, indicate that soil sampling for antimony may be useful in prospecting for the covered gold-bearing stibnite veins that appear to be most abundant on and adjacent to the quartz monzonite-shale contact.
17

TABLE 1. - Summary of miscellaneous surface sampling data

Ounces

Percent _ per ton

Sample Description Hg Sb W03 Cu Pb Au Ag

11 Placer concentrate, upper 53.3 <0.05 _ _ _ 0.06 0.52

Chicken Creek, visible

Au removed.

14 Stibnite float, 3 in. wide .02 18.8 <0.02 _ _ .02 2.46

with 1/2-in. quartz as

wall rock at head of

Happy Creek.

16 Placer concentrate, near 1.13 .15 - _ _ .61 .26

dam on Chicken Creek,

visible Au removed.

17 Float on lower Flat Creek 31.2 <.05 .36 _ _ .41 .15

tailings, cinnabar with

quartz and basalt, quartz

predominating, Hg in 1-

by 1/2-in. lenses, in

4-in. wide waterworn

specimen.

18 Stibnite and cinnabar float, 5.2 11.6 <.02 _ _ .03 .17

upper Chicken Creek.

19 Placer concentrate, upper .07 <.05 <.02 - - 7.29 1.35

Chicken Creek.

20 do. 13.0 <.05 1.38 - - 1.42 .01

21A Dredge concentrate, Otter 16.1 <.05 .48 - - 4.57 4.63

Creek.

21B do. .08 30.2 <.02 - - .07 1.46

25 5- by 5-in. stibnite float Nil 17.4 - - - .12 2.10

from shaft between

trenches S-3 and S-4.

26 Quartz on dump, at Golden .02 .66 <.02 .03 .21 .40 .88

Horn shaft, said to be

ore.

27 Placer concentrate, 1.76 .05 1.80 - - 3.37 2.05

Malemute Gulch, visible

Au removed.

28 do. .25 <.05 .32 - - .34 .84

29 Arsenopyrite float, Nil <.05 <.02 - - .23 .60

Malemute Gulch.

30 Placer concentrate, Slate .08 <.05 .03 - - .82 .35

Creek, Au removed.

31 do. .28 <.05 <.02 - - 8,51 2,61

32 Placer cinnabar 1/4 to 1/2 53.5 <.05 - - - .68 Nil

in. in size from Glen

Gulch.

34 Quartz and monzonite float .12 <.05 <.02 - - .35 .97

on Glen Gulch.

35 Dump, Golden Horn mine, Nil .1 <.02 <.02 <.02 Trace .18

sandstone.
18

TABLE 1. - Summary of miscellaneous surface sampling data (Con.)

Ounces

Percent per ton

Sample Description Hg Sb WO3 Cu Pb Au Ag

37 Placer concentrate, head 17.9 <0.05 0.80 - - 38.89 7.35

Happy Creek.

38 do. 5.68 .05 .26 - - 15.20 2.80

39 do. .49 .05 .10 - - 6.63 1.64

40 Placer cinnabar up to 3 in. 59.9 <.05 - - - .01 .26

from Glen Gulch or Hardluck claim.

41 10- by 3-in. piece placer 42.1 <.1 <.02 - - .01 .01

cinnabar from Hardluck

claim, flat sides.

42 5-ft. quartz vein on .10 - - - - Trace Nil

Hardluck claim.

77 Dump, Golden Horn mine, Nil <.05 <.02 <.02 <.02 Trace .02

dark quartzite.

78 Dump, Golden Horn mine, Nil <.05 <.02 .02 <.02 .49 .91

decomposed quartz,

quartzite, argillite.

79 Dump, Golden Horn mine, .04 <.05 <.02 .02 <.02 .10 .38

dark quartzite, quartz.

80 Dump, Golden Horn mine, Nil <.05 <.02 .02 <.02 1.03 .76

iron-stained quartz,

dark quartzite, shale.

81 Dump, Golden Horn mine, .03 <.05 .15 .03 <.02 .71 .39

quartz, quartzite.

82 Dump, Golden Horn mine, .05 <.05 .12 .03 .20 1.42 2.20

iron-stained quartz,

quartzite.

83 Dump, Golden Horn mine, .07 .52 .07 .07 .26 2.80 5.16

quartz, some quartzite.

93 Placer cinnabar, 1/4 58.7 <.1 - - - - -

in., mouth Black Creek.

278 Float, Prince Creek, 2.1 <.1 _ _ - <.01 -

1/16-in. cinnabar stringers in fine-grained

basalt. _ _
19

TABLE 2. - Summary of trench-sampling data

Location Sample Ounces per

in trench, width, Per ent, ton,

Sample Trench ft.' ft. 2 Description3 Hg Sb Au

1 S-4 4.5 0.15 Decomposed quartzite. - <0.1 -

4 S-4 54.9 .30 do. <0.02 <.1 0.03

5 S-4 63.0 1.0 Stibnite and yellow <.02 3.8 .23

quartz.

6 S-4 63.0 1.0 Yellow weathered quartz, <.02 13.8 .39

gouge, no stibnite.

7 s-4 63.0 1.0 Stibnite, minor quartz. <.02 29.3 .05

8 S-4 65.5 .5 Weathered quartz vein. <.02 .5 .03

9 S-4 120.0 .2 Weathered yellow quartz <.02 .1 -

vein.

10 S-4 132,0 2.5 Massive stibnite lens <.02 16.6 .09

with quartzite,

argillite.

11 S-4 132.0 .3 Decomposed, rusty zone <.02 4.8 .12

in quartzite.

14 S-4 182.0 .1 Rusty-colored decomposed <.02 - -

quartz.

15 S-4 213.5 1.0 Shattered and decomposed <.02 <.1 -

quartz monzonite.

20 S-3 18.5 1.5 Stibnite vein. <.02 23.0 .19

22 S-3 17.2 1.3 Light-brown to yellow <.02 .1 <.02

sandstone and shale

with sulfides in

fractures.

23 S-3 26.4 .15 Vein of shattered quartz .02 .5 1.18

and shale.

24 s-3 34.3 .35 Stibnite vein. <.02 14.8 .38

25 S-3 45.0 .2 Rusty red-colored <.02 <.1 -

weathered quartz

stringer.

27 S-3 101.5 .5 Quartz and arsenopyrite <.02 <.1 2.16

vein.

28 S-3 118.5 1.5 Light-gray broken and <.02 <.1 <.01

fractured quartz

monzonite.

29 B-1 9.4 .1 Rusty-red weathered <.02 <.l -

quartz.

30 B-1 30.6 .05 Vein of quartz, arseno- <.02 <.1 .32

pyrite, limonite.

34 B-i 186.0 .2 Quartz vein. <.02 <.1 <.01

35 B-2 56.0 1.5 Shattered quartz vein. <.02 <.1 <.01

36 B-2 253.0 .4 Quartz vein. <.02 <.1 <.01

37 B-3 34.0 .5 Disintegrated quartz <.02 <.1 <.01

vein.

See footnotes at end of table.
20

TABLE 2. - Summary of trench-sampling data (Con.)

Location Sample Ounces per

in trench, width, Percent, ton,

Sample Trench ft.' ft.2 Description3 Hg Sb Au

41 S-2 31.7 0.2 White talclike material. <0.02 <0.1 _ 44 S-2 107.0 2.0 Yellowish-white soft <.02 <.1 -

igneous material.

45 S-2 209.0 .5 Stibnite and yellow <.02 21.8 0.13

vuggy quartz.

46 S-2 209.0 .5 do. <.02 19.3 -

56 S-1 58.0 .4 Gray, claylike material. <.02 .1 _ 62 B-5 91.0 .1 White quartz vein. <.02 <.1 -

73 B-8 210.0 .2 Quartz vein. <.02 <.1 <.01

75 B-8 303.0 .5 do. <.02 <.1 .09

477 B-9 340.0 .5 Quartz vein with scheel- <.02 <.1 .64

ite, arsenopyrite, and

iron stain.

79 B-9 377.0 .2 Quartz vein. <.02 <.1 .12

81 B-il 155.0 .3 do. <.02 <0l .04

86 B-19 46.0 .1 do. <.05 <.05 <.02

88 B-19 159.0 .1 do. .24 <.05 <.02

90 B-19 159.0 .1 do. .11 <.05 <.02

248 B-15 29.0 3.0 Argillite, iron pyrite. .02 <.1 -

249 B-15 36.0 .4 Quartz, arsenopyrite. <.02 <.1 .07

250 B-15 32.0 6.0 Arsenopyrite, argillite. .04 <.02 .21

251 B-23 55.0 .05 Quartz vein. .04 <.1 .13

253 B-24 51.0 .2 do. .02 <.1 <.01

287 B-27 133.0 .3 Yellow vuggy quartz. <.02 3.3 1.58

288 B-27 133.6 .4 Light-gray quartz and <.02 35.0 .10

stibnite.

289 B-27 134.3 .2 Fractured quartz vein. <.02 3.8 .14

290 B-27 160.0 1.0 Stibnite pocket. <.02 42.0 .06

291 B-27 160.0 1.0 Vuggy quartz vein. <.02 <.1 1.29

305 B-22 142.0 Compos- Composite of small quartz <.02 <.1 <.01

ite veins, from 142-388.

307 B-16 24.0 .02 Quartz stringer. <.02 <.1 .24

308 B-16 69.0 .05 do. <.02 <.1 .14

309 B-16 108.0 .3 Quartz vein. <.02 <.1 <.01

1 Measured from ends of trenches.

2 Measured normal to strike.

3 See appendix for detailed log of trenches.

4Sample contains 0.76 percent WO3.
21

TABLE 3. - Summary of petrographic analyses

Sample Type of sample Location Description

19 and 20 Placer concentrate Upper Chicken Essentially contains monzonitic

(composite) Creek rock fragments and feldspar, less

quartz; some biotite, pyroxene,

amphibole, cinnabar, and scheelite,

and small amounts of allanite,

epidote, tourmaline, chlorite,

sericite, ferberite, magnetite,

limonite, chromite, zircon, olivine, and ilmenite. Also present

is a trace amount of gold. A

radiometric test indicated the

presence of radioactivity in the

amount of 0.01 percent uranium

equivalent.

21A Dredge concentrate Otter Creek Essentially contains cinnabar and

rock fragments, less amphibole

and chromite, some ilmenite,

magnetite, pyrite, scheelite,

quartz, feldspar, galena, and

pyroxene, and small amounts of

amalgam, zircon, goethite, limonite, sericite, chlorite, epidote,

garnet, cassiterite, and tramp

iron.

27 and 28 Placer concentrate Malemute Essentially contains rock fragments

(composite) Gulch and feldspar, less amphibole, some

sericite and scheelite, small

amounts of ferberite, chlorite,

ilmenite, magnetite, pyrite,

chromite, biotite, realgar, cinnabar, zircon, epidote, allanite,

pyroxene, and limonite, and trace

amounts of cassiterite, gold, and

pyromorphite. Slight radioactivity (0.01 percent uranium equivalent) was noted.

33 Type specimen of Trench B-1 Classified as a quartz monzonite.

igneous rock The mineral composition is abuncommon in dant andesine, biotite, hornblende,

trenched area and sanidine; subordinate augite

and chlorite; and minor hydromuscovite. The presence of sanidine

rather than either orthoclase or

microcline indicates a rock formed

at high temperatures.

37, 38, and Placer concentrate Happy Creek The composite consists primarily of

39 monzonitic rock fragments, cinna-

(composite) bar, feldspar, and pyroxene, less

quartz and amphibole, some zircon,

scheelite, biotite, magnetite,

ilmenite, and chromite, small

amounts of ferberite, gold,
22

TABLE 3. - Summary of petrographic analyses (Con.)

Sample Type of sample Location Description

37, 38, and Placer concentrate Happy Creek amalgam, monazite, chlorite, seric39 ite, clay minerals, tourmaline,

(composite) realgar, and epidote, and trace

con. amounts of cassiterite and garnet.

141 Sorted material Prince Creek Composed of cinnabar and chert and

placer mine cinnabar and quartz pebbles. One

pebble, however, is a porphyritic

basalt composed chiefly of labradorite and a little hornblende.

143 Specimen contain- Prince Creek A fine-grained monzonite composed

ing cinnabar placer mine of approximately 30 percent andesine, 25 percent biotite, 20 percent

actinolite, 15 percent sanidine,

and 10 percent augite. Cinnabar

is present.

144 Specimen contain- do. Composed of chert and quartz. Small

ing small amount amounts of cinnabar, limonite, and

of cinnabar chlorite are present.

145 Specimen of igneous do. A metamorphosed monzonite with porrock common to phyroblastic growths of feldspar.

Prince Creek The approximate mineral composition

placer is 30 percent anorthoclase, 30 percent oligoclase, 20 percent biotite,

20 percent actinolite, and traces

of chlorite and augite. The rock

is probably derived by the metasomatic alteration of an earlier

more basic igneous rock.

146 Specimen of sedi- do. A sandy shale composed of approximentary rock mately 55 percent illite and

common to mixed layer clays, 25 percent

Prince Creek chlorite, 10 percent quartz, 7

placer percent feldspar, 2 percent biotite, and 1 percent calcite.

291 Quartz vein Trench B-27 Essentially contains quartz with

relatively small amounts of

associated scorodite and sericite,

small amounts of limonite, chlorite, and arsenopyrite, and trace

amounts of galena, chromite, and

gold.
23

TABLE 4. - Summary of spectrographic analyses

Legend: A - Over 10 percent. E - 0.01 to 0.1 percent.

B - 5 to 10 percent. F - 0.001 to 0.01 percent.

C - 1 to 5 percent. G - Under 0.001 percent.

D - 0.1 to 1 percent. - - Not detected.

Sample (from Table 1): Ag Al As Au B Ba Be Bi Ca Cd Co Cr Cu

19 and 20 (composite) ..... F A _ F E E - - C - - D F

21A ............... ..... E B - E E - - E C - E B E

27 and 28 (composite) ..... F A - F F E - - C - _ C F

27, 38, and 39 (composite) F A - E E E - E C _ _ C E

Sample (from Table 1): Fe Ga Ge In Li Mg Mn Mo Na Nb Ni P Pb

19 and 20 (composite) ..... B - - - - B D - C - E - E

21A . . ............. A - - - - C D - D - D - B

27 and 28 (composite)..... A - _ B D - C - D - D

37, 38, and 39 (composite) A _ _ _ _ B D - D - D - D

Sample (from Table 1): Pd Pt Sb Si Sn Sr Ta Te Ti V W Zn Zr

19 and 20 (composite) ..... - - E A - - - - D E A - D

21A ............ . - - E A D - - - C E B - D

27 and 38 (composite) ..... - - - A E - - - C E A - D

37, 38, and 39 (composite) - - - A E - - - B E A - C
TABLE 5. - Summary of soil-sampling data

Location on trench Sb, Location on trench Sb, Sample Trench from "0" end, ft. p.p.m. Sample Trench from "O" end, ft. p.p.m.

210 S-2 "0" or east end trench 5 179 S-3 22 >1,000 211 S-2 10 7 180 S-3 32 66 212 S-2 20 24 181 S-3 42 60 213 S-2 30 12 183 S-3 52 10 214 S-2 40 18 184 S-3 62 6 215 S-2 50 13 185 S-3 72 <5 216 S-2 60 15 186 S-3 82 <5 217 S-2 70 16 187 S-3 92 5 218 S-2 80 10 188 S-3 102 8 219 S-2 90 10 189 S-3 112 7 220 S-2 100 6 190 s-3 122 14 221 S-2 110 31 191 S-3 132 <5 222 S-2 120 7 192 S-3 142 5 223 S-2 130 9 193 S-3 152 23 224 S-2 140 10

225 S-2 150 12 149 S-4 "0" or east end trench 18 226 S-2 160 11 150 S-4 10 16 227 S-2 170 17 151 S-4 20 23 228 S-2 180 26 152 S-4 30 8 229 S-2 190 39 153 S-4 40 18 230 S-2 200 16 154 S-4 50 5

231 S-2 210 >1,000 155 S-4 60 8 232 S-2 220 47 156 S-4 70 42 233 S-2 230 20 157 S-4 80 14

234 S-2 240 76 158 S-4 90 10

235 S-2 250 10 159 S-4 100 58 236 S-2 260 26 160 S-4 110 32 237 S-2 270 36 161 S-4 120 31 238 S-2 280 10 162 S-4 130 28 239 S-2 290 6 163 S-4 140 > 1,000 240' S-2 300 12 164 S-4 150 450

165 S-4 160 >1,000 173 S-3 +48 ft. E. "0" end trench 215 166 S-4 170 380 174 S-3 +38 >1,000 167 S-4 180 26 175 S-3 +28 600 168 S-4 190 18

182 S-3 +18 128 169 S-4 200 17 176 S-3 + 8 58 170 S-4 210 16 177 S-3 2 (0 + 2) in trench 560 171 S-4 220 10

178 S-3 12 106 172 S-4 230 8

'Parts per million.
25

APPENDIX. - LOGS OF TRENCHES

Trench S-1

Bearing: N. 700 W. Length: 580 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 5.5 feet.

"O" is E. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 41.0 Argillite, much limonite stain.

41.0 41.3 Gray-white claylike material, strike N. 220 E.

41.3 58.0 Argillite, much limonite stain.

58.0 58.4 56 Gray-white claylike material, strike N. 220 E.

58.4 175.0 Argillite, much limonite stain, a few small quartz

stringers.

175.0 228.0 Road and cave, no exposure, material on bank is

argillite.

228.0 243.0 Decomposed argillite and quartzite, much iron stain.

243.0 250.0 Medium-gray quartz monzonite.

250.0 273.0 Partially decomposed argillite.

273.0 279.0 Argillite and decomposed quartz monzonite.

279.0 293.0 Decomposed quartz monzonite.

293.0 318.0 Gray to dark-gray argillite, much iron stain.

318.0 357.0 Rusty-colored argillite which on a fresh break is

light gray, a few small biotite crystals.

357.0 478.0 Partially decomposed quartz monzonite with numerous

reefs of dark-gray quartz monzonite containing much

biotite.

478.0 522.0 Partially decomposed quartz monzonite with numerous

reefs of dark-gray quartz monzonite containing much

biotite. More rusty colored. A few red decomposed

iron veins that strike N. 20° - 40° E.

522.0 523.3 Light-gray quartz monzonite, well-fractured and

partially decomposed.

523.3 534.0 Dark-gray quartz monzonite with much biotite.

534.0 555.0 Light-gray quartz monzonite.

555.0 580.0 Decomposed dark-gray quartz monzonite; a few small

quartz and iron stringers, all striking N. 600 E.
26

Trench S-2

Bearing: N. 660 W. Length: 348 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 5 feet.

"0" is E. end.

Distance. feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 25.0 Partially decomposed rusty-colored quartz monzonite

crisscrossed with claylike material.

25.0 31.7 Argillite and sandstone.

31.7 31.97 41 White talclike material; strike N. 650 E., vertical

dip, 0.2 ft. wide.

31.97 56.0 Dark-gray to black fine-grained sandstone, much iron

stain.

56.0 61.5 Decomposed brown quartz monzonite, with lenses of

sandstone or quartzite, very little biotite.

61.5 76.0 Decomposed brown quartz monzonite, with lenses of

sandstone or quartzite, very little biotite.

Monzonite-sandstone contact at 76 ft., strikes

N. 600 E.

76.0 107.0 Sandstone.

107.0 109.7 44 Yellow-white to white soft claylike material. Strike

N. 750 E., vertical dip, 2.0 ft. wide.

109.7 188.4 Argillite and sandstone; at 178 ft., a lens 18 in.

wide of same material as in 107-109 ft. interval.

188.4 194.0 Light-brown to tan decomposed quartz monzonite,

small amount of argillite.

194.0 205.0 Light-brown to tan decomposed quartz monzonite, no

argillite.

205.0 209.0 Light-brown to tan decomposed quartz monzonite, small

amount of argillite.

209.0 209.54 45 Vein of stibnite and yellow, vuggy quartz. Strike

N. 450 E., vertical dip, 0.5 ft. wide.

46 Apparently sulfides are leached out of quartz. Samples are taken across two different sections of vein.

209.54 233.0 Decomposed light-brown to gray quartz monzonite.

233.0 239.0 Decomposed light-brown to gray quartz monzonite with

small amount of argillite, 1/4-in. decomposed iron

vein at 239 ft.

239.0 248.0 Decomposed light-brown to gray quartz monzonite with

small amount of argillite, 1/4-in. decomposed iron

vein at 239 ft.

248.0 297.0 Decomposed light-brown to gray quartz monzonite, but

a reddish-brown color, and with considerable darkgray fine-grained quartzite with a blocky fracture

with limonite stain on fractures. Small amount of

gray quartz monzonite is not decomposed.

297.0 303.0 Light-gray quartz monzonite.

303.0 342.0 About half reddish-brown decomposed quartz monzonite

with a few small boulders of the same material and

half dark-gray quartzite with much limonite stain

on fractures.

342.0 348.0 ___Light-tan decomposed quartz monzonite.
27

Trench S-3

Bearing: N. 550 W. Length: 142 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 5.5 feet.

"0" is SE. end.

Dis tanc_,feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 8.5 Light-tan partially decomposed quartz monzonite.

8.5 17.2 Dark-brown shattered sandstone (almost a quartzite)

and shale, limonite stain.

17.2 18.5 22 Light-brown to yellow sandstone (almost a quartzite)

and shale, appears to be sulfides in fractures.

18.5 20.3 20 Stibnite vein, strike N. and S., vertical dip, 1 ft.

wide.

20.3 26.4 Argillite and decomposed quartz monzonite.

26.4 26.55 23 Reddish shattered quartz and shale.

26.55 34.3 Argillite and decomposed quartz monzonite.

34.3 34.65 24 Stibnite vein, strike N. 620 E., dip 80° to SE.,

0.35 ft. wide.

34.65 45.0 Decomposed quartz monzonite, with large boulders of

dark-gray quartz monzonite containing much biotite.

45.0 80.5 25 Decomposed quartz monzonite, with large boulders of

dark-gray quartz monzonite containing much biotite,

with a few rusty decomposed stringers of quartz.

Some are as much as 0.2 in. wide, but most are 0.1

in. or less. All strikes about N. 450 E. Sample 25

from 45.0 to 45.2 ft.is of a representative stringer.

80.5 80.7 Veinlike, light-gray partially decomposed quartz monzonite with a soft flaky texture and containing very

small biotite crystals.

80.7 96.5 Gray decomposed quartz monzonite.

96.5 101.5 Massive, blocky, dark-gray quartz monzonite.

101.5 102.0 27 Rusty-red vein of quartz and arsenopyrite, some of

quartz has a faint green color. Strike N. 40° E.,

vertical dip. This vein strikes directly toward

an old shaft 15 ft. to the south. Stibnite float

is found at the collar of the shaft.

102.0 111.1 Decomposed quartz monzonite.

111.1 111.3 Veinlike, light-gray partially decomposed quartz monzonite with a soft flaky texture and containing very

small biotite crystals.

111.3 118.5 Decomposed quartz monzonite.

118.5 120.0 28 Light-gray badly broken and fractured quartz monzonite. Contact strikes N. 570 E.

120.0 142.0 Very dark-gray partially decomposed quartz monzonite

with many large boulders.
28

Trench S-4

Bearing: 0 to 100 feet - N. 300 W. Length: 306 feet.

100 to 306 feet - N. 380 W. Average depth: 6.0 feet.

Width: 13 feet.

"O" is SE. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 4.5 Light- to medium-gray fine-grained sandstone and

quartzite with limonite stain on fractures.

4.5 4.65 1 Light-gray decomposed quartzite.

4.65 36.3 Medium-gray to dark-gray very fine-grained sandstone

and quartzite. A few small crystals of biotite.

Several 1/4 -in. veins of same material as 4.5 to

4.65 ft., which appear to fill fractures. Most

strike E. and W., as do the fracture lines of the

country rock.

36.3 37.0 Decomposed yellow sandstone and quartzite, with many

very small iron veinlets.

37.0 45.0 Medium-gray to dark-gray very fine-grained sandstone

and quartzite. A few small crystals of biotite.

Several 1/4-in. veins of same material as 4.5 to

4.65 ft., which appear to fill fractures. Most

strike E. and W., as do the fracture lines of the

country rock.

45.0 45.8 Decomposed yellow sandstone and quartzite, with many

very small iron stringers.

45.8 63.0 4 Medium-gray quartzite, limonite stain on fractures.

At 54.9 ft. is a 0.3-ft.-wide yellow-brown decomposed

quartzite which strikes E. and W. (Sample 4).

63.0 64.2 5 Stibnite and quartzite vein 1 ft. wide, strike, N. 250

6 E., vertical dip. Occurrence of stibnite is erratic;

7 there will be pieces of stibnite up to 1 in. in size

concentrated in approximately 1 ft. of vein, then 1

to 3 ft. of medium-gray quartzite and decomposed

quartzite containing fewer and smaller pieces of

stibnite. A yellow ring of sulfides is formed

around many of the larger pieces of stibnite; a

rusty iron stain is on the fractures. The country

rock has a slaty cleavage but is a quartzite. Samples are across different sections of vein.

64.2 65.5 Medium-gray quartzite and argillite.

65.5 66.6 8 Vein of decomposed quartz, much iron stain, strike

E. and W., width 0.5 ft.

66.6 73.5 Gray quartzite and argillite.

73.5 73.8 Vein decomposed quartz, strike E. and W.

73.8 74.0 Argillite.

74.0 74.2 Decomposed quartz vein.

74.2 89.2 Medium-gray quartzite, fractures strike N. 600 W.

89.2 89.4 Decomposed quartz, strike E. and W.
29

Trench S-4 (Con.)

Distan e, feet

From To Sample Description

89.4 100.0 Argillite, shale, and sandstone.

100.0 105.0 Fractured argillite and quartzite.

105.0 105.2 Decomposed quartz vein, strike N. 750 W.

105.2 107.5 Fractured argillite and quartzite.

107.5 107.8 Decomposed quartz vein, strike N. 750 W.

107.8 120.0 Fractured argillite and quartzite.

120.0 132.0 9 Well-fractured argillite and quartzite with quartz

vein 0.2 ft. wide which starts at 115 ft. and continues down the center of the trench to stibnite

mineralization at 132 ft. Sample 9 is from the

quartz vein.

132.0 136.6 10 Mineralized zone in argillite and quartzite with

11 lenses of stibnite 2 by 1 ft. and larger. No continuous stibnite vein. Strike of zone is N. 35° E.,

vertical dip. Very friable rusty quartz vein 0.3

ft. wide (132.0 to 132.3 ft.) parallel to zone.

Sample 10 is of a stibnite lens; sample 11 is of

0.3-ft. quartz vein.

136.6 157.8 Well-fractured quartzite dipping slightly to NW.

157.8 179.4 Light-yellow decomposed quartz monzonite; contact at

157.8 ft. is sharp and strikes N.

179.4 182.0 Light rusty-brown to light-gray decomposed quartz

monzonite crisscrossed by numerous 1/8-in. veins

which are soft and claylike and light-gray to white

in color, containing no biotite.

182,0 182.1 14 Rusty-red iron-stained quartz vein; strikes N. 50° E.

182.1 213.5 Light rusty-brown to light-gray decomposed quartz

monzonite crisscrossed by numerous 1/8-in. veins

which are soft and claylike and light-gray to white

in color, containing no biotite. Large boulders of

a very dark quartz monzonite which are composed of

about 50 percent biotite.

213.5 216.2 15 Shattered and decomposed light-gray quartz monzonite,

strikes N. 160 W., 1 ft. wide.

216.2 306.0 Light rusty-brown to light-gray decomposed quartz

monzonite crisscrossed by numerous 1/8-in. veins

which are soft and claylike and light-gray to white

in color, containing no biotite. Large boulders of

a very dark quartz monzonite which are composed of

about 50 percent biotite.
30

Trench S-5

Bearing: N. 350 W. Length: 445 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 6 feet.

"0" is SE. end.

Distan e, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 10.0 Blocky argillite and sandstone.

10.0 17.0 Decomposed quartz monzonite, strike of contact at 10

ft. is N. 50° E.

17.0 26.0 Yellow-brown decomposed quartz monzonite and argillite. 26.0 40.5 Dark-gray quartzite and argillite.

40.5 48.5 Indurated sandy shale.

48.5 49.0 Light-gray to light-tan soft claylike material, probably a decomposed feldspar. Strike N. 350 E.

49.0 71.0 Well-shattered and fractured sandy shale and quartzite, much limonite stain.

71.0 71.2 Light-gray to light-tan soft claylike material,

probably a decomposed feldspar. Strike approximately

N. and S.

71.2 94.3 Well-shattered and fractured sandy shale and quartzite, much limonite stain.

94.3 100.0 Decomposed gray quartz monzonite.

100.0 107.0 Light-gray shattered sandy shale and sandstone,

limonite stain.

107.0 122.7 Sandstone, quartzite.

122.7 123.0 Decomposed quartz and feldspar, white in color, and

has a soft claylike appearance.

123.0 148.0 Sandstone, quartzite.

148.0 231.5 Yellow brecciated argillite and sandstone.

231.5 234.5 Light-gray quartz monzonite, 50 percent or more

quartz and small amount biotite.

234.5 235.0 Chill zone, strike N. 400 E.

235.0 257.5 Dark fine-grained quartzite with occasional small

biotite crystals.

257.5 267.5 Yellow decomposed quartz monzonite.

267.5 284.0 Blocky fine-grained sandstone and quartzite, fractures appear to strike N. 67° E. and dip vertically

or steeply to the south. Much limonite stain.

284.0 312.0 Decomposed rusty quartz monzonite.

312.0 312.5 Light-gray fresh quartz monzonite.

312.5 356.0 Decomposed rusty quartz monzonite.

356.0 377.0 Dark-gray decomposed quartz monzonite with boulders

1 to 2 ft. in diameter which contain 50 percent of

more biotite, and a small amount of green quartz. 377.0 387.0 Decomposed rusty quartz monzonite.

387.0 391.5 Light-tan decomposed quartz monzonite.

391.5 445.0 Tan decomposed quartz monzonite, with numerous boulders as in 356.0 to 377.0 ft.; numerous small disintegrated iron and quartz stringers striking generally N. 450 to 600 E.
31

Trench B-1

Bearing: 0-168, N. 470 W. Length: 240 feet.

168-240, N. 500 W. Average depth: 7.6 feet.

Width: 13 feet.

"0" is E. end.

Distance feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 9.4 Light-tan decomposed quartz monzonite with numerous

small red disintegrated iron and quartz veins.

9.4 9.5 29 Rusty-red disintegrated iron and quartz vein. Strike

N. 46° E., vertical dip.

9.5 16.2 Light-tan decomposed quartz monzonite with numerous

small red disintegrated iron and quartz veins.

16.2 16.3 Rusty-red disintegrated iron and quartz vein; strike

N. 46° E., vertical dip.

16.3 30.6 30 Decomposed gray and tan quartz monzonite. Very much

the same as that in trenches S-1 to S-5 but lighter

in color and lacks the crisscross network of small

claylike veins as in trench S-4. At 30.6 ft., a

1/2-in. vein of arsenopyrite and quartz, with a

small amount of green quartz, strikes N. 570 E. and

dips vertically. Sample 30 is of this vein.

30.6 160.0 Light-gray to light-tan decomposed quartz monzonite

with reefs of light-gray unaltered quartz monzonite

containing about 25 percent biotite in small crystals. Much limonite stain. 1/4- to 1/2-in. rusty,

disintegrated iron and quartz stringers at 48.5 ft.,

56.1 ft., and 98.5 ft., that strike N. 450 E.

160.0 168.0 33 Reef of unaltered light-gray quartz monzonite containing approximately 10 percent biotite in small

crystals. No iron stain. Contact at 168 ft. is

sharp and strikes N. 40° E.

168.0 206.5 34 Brown decomposed quartz monzonite. At 186 ft., a

1/2- to 2-1/2-in. quartz vein partially weathered

to a flaky texture. Strike N. 300 E., dip 700 to

SE. Sample 34 is of this vein.

206.5 207.0 Unaltered reef of light-gray quartz monzonite;

strike N. 70° E.

207.0 236.6 Brown decomposed quartz monzonite.

236.6 236.8 Rusty iron and quartz stringer; strike N. 600 E.

236.8 240.0 Brown decomposed quartz monzonite.
32

Trench B-2

Bearing: N. 660 W. Length: 348 feet. Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 8.6 feet.

"0" is E. end.

Distance feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 56.0 Brown decomposed quartz monzonite, 1/2- to 1-in.

stringers of quartz and iron at 36.4 ft., 46.5 ft.,

and 51.0 ft.; strikes are approximately N. 50° E. 56.0 57.5 35 A 1.5-ft. solid quartz vein which divides into two

veins of shattered quartz, 0.3 and 0.2 ft. wide

separated by decomposed quartz monzonite; strike

N. 300 E., dip 550 to SE. Sample 35 is of solid

part.

57.5 71.5 Brown decomposed quartz monzonite.

71.5 76.0 Dark-gray argillite and quartzite.

76.0 96.0 Black-to-brownish decomposed quartz monzonite.

96.0 97.0 Black-to-brownish decomposed quartz monzonite but

much iron stain; strike N. 60° E.

97.0 253.0 Brownsih decomposed quartz monzonite crisscrossed

with a network of 1/8-in. stringers of a soft

claylike material light gray to white in color

and numerous small stringers of disintegrated

quartz and iron which strike N. 40° to 600 E. 253.0 253.4 36 Vein of disintegrated quartz, apparently is same

material as smaller and more numerous veins that

form crisscross network.

253.4 264.0 Brownish decomposed quartz monzonite crisscrossed

with a network of 1/8-in. stringers of a soft

claylike material light gray to white in color

and numerous small stringers of disintegrated

quartz and iron which strike N. 40° to 600 E. 264.0 308.0 Decomposed light-gray quartz monzonite with web of

tiny disintegrated quartz veins.

308.0 348.0 Yellow decomposed quartz monzonite.
33

Trench B-3

Bearing: N. 550 W. Length: 310 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 8.8 feet.

"0" is E. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 34.0 Light-gray to light-brown decomposed quartz monzonite.

34.0 34.54 37 Disintegrated quartz vein, strike N. 120 E., width 0.5

ft., probably same vein as sample 36 in trench B-2.

34.54 81.0 Light-gray to light-brown decomposed quartz monzonite.

81.0 82.2 Rusty-yellow decomposed quartz monzonite with a claylike appearance, very little biotite, strike N.

82.2 140.0 Light-gray to light-brown decomposed quartz monzonite.

140.0 140.4 Light-gray unaltered quartz monzonite with considerable vuggy quartz on both walls. Strike N. 750 E.

140.4 200.0 Light-gray to light-brown decomposed quartz monzonite.

200.0 310.0 Light-tan decomposed quartz monzonite, with numerous

reefs of fresh unaltered quartz monzonite that

contains about 5 to 10 percent biotite.

Trench B-4

Bearing: N. 300 W. Length: 200 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 3.8 feet.

"0" is SE. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 21.0 Decomposed light-tan quartz monzonite crisscrossed

with numerous 1/8-in. veinlets of disintegrated

quartz.

21.0 22.0 Hard reef of light-tan quartz monzonite. Strike N.

560 E.

22.0 40.0 Decomposed light-tan quartz monzonite crisscrossed

with numerous 1/8-in. veinlets of disintegrated

quartz

40.0 41.0 Light-gray unaltered quartz monzonite.

41.0 78.0 Decomposed light-tan quartz monzonite crisscrossed

with numerous 1/8-in. veinlets of disintegrated

quartz.

78.0 200.0 Light-tan decomposed quartz monzonite with occasional

patches of light-gray quartz monzonite, with numerous 1/4-in. rusty disintegrated quartz veins.

Numerous 2- to 4-ft. boulders of unaltered dark-gray

quartz containing 50 percent or more biotite.
34

Trench B-5

Bearing: N. 300 W. Length: 240 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 3.7 feet.

"0" is SE. end.

Distance. feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 80.0 Decomposed light-tan quartz monzonite, with numerous

boulders of quartz monzonite containing much biotite,

numerous rusty disintegrated 1/4-in. quartz stringers

that strike approximately E. and W.

80.0 80.5 Light-gray unaltered quartz monzonite, strike N. 76° E.

80.5 91.0 Decomposed light-tan quartz monzonite, with numerous

boulders of quartz monzonite containing much biotite,

numerous rusty disintegrated 1/4-in. quartz stringers

that strike approximately E. and W.

91.0 91.1 62 Powdery white quartz, with rusty iron stain, strike

N. 400 E.

91.1 116.0 Decomposed light-tan quartz monzonite, with numerous

boulders of quartz monzonite containing much biotite,

numerous rusty disintegrated 1/4-in. quartz stringers that strike approximately E. and W.

116.0 116.5 Light-gray unaltered quartz monzonite.

116.5 240.0 Decomposed light-tan quartz monzonite, with numerous

boulders of quartz monzonite containing much biotite,

numerous rusty disintegrated 1/4-in. quartz stringers

that strike approximately E. and W.

Trench B-6

Bearing: N. 300 W. Length: 277 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 3.6 feet.

"0" is SE. end.

Distanc _feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 86.0 Decomposed dark-gray to almost-black quartz monzonite

with much biotite, numerous quartz monzonite boulders containing 5 to 50 percent biotite, few stringers of rusty, flaky quartz.

86.0 92.0 Decomposed medium gray-quartz monzonite with 10 percent biotite; few stringers of rusty, flaky quartz.

92.0 222.0 Decomposed dark-gray to almost-black quartz monzonite

with much biotite, numerous quartz monzonite boulders containing 5 to 50 percent biotite, few stringers of rusty, flaky quartz.

222.0 241.0 Light-gray decomposed quartz monzonite.

241.0 277.0 Decomposed dark-gray to almost-black quartz monzonite

with much biotite, numerous quartz monzonite boulders containing 5 to 50 percent biotite, few stringers of rusty, flaky quartz.
35

Trench B-7

Bearing: N. 30° W. Length: 350 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 3.7 feet.

"0" is SE. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 98.5 Light-gray decomposed quartz monzonite, about 5 percent quartz.

98.5 100.0 Unaltered light-gray very fine-grained quartz monzonite, very small biotite crystals.

100.0 200.0 Light-gray decomposed quartz monzonite, about 5 percent quartz.

200.0 208.0 Unaltered coarse-grained light-gray quartz monzonite.

208.0 256.0 Light-gray to yellow decomposed quartz monzonite.

256.0 262.0 Light-yellow completely decomposed quartz monzonite,

looks like a fine-grained sand.

262.0 291.0 Light-gray to yellow decomposed quartz monzonite,

with iron stain.

291.0 293.0 Unaltered light-gray very fine-grained quartz monzonite very small biotite crystals.

293.0 300.0 Decomposed light-gray quartz monzonite, with numerous boulders of a dark-gray to almost black quartzite, which contains a small amount of biotite.

300.0 350.0 Dark-gray to black fine-grained quartzite containing

a small amount of biotite.

Trench B-8

Bearing: N. 30° W. Length: 356 feet.

Width: 13 feet Average depth: 5.3 feet.

"0" is SE. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 18.0 Dark-gray quartzite and decomposed dark-brown quartz

monzonite with numerous small reefs and boulders of

dark-brown quartz monzonite. Quartzite is predominant with numerous small biotite crystals.

18.0 43.0 Light-gray decomposed quartz monzonite.

43.0 56.5 Very dark-gray partially decomposed quartz monzonite,

containing much dark quartz and biotite.

56.5 56.8 Vein of white quartz with a few small disseminated

biotite crystals.

56.8 200.0 Mostly decomposed dark-gray to almost-black, finegrained quartz monzonite, containing much dark

quartz and biotite, a few light-gray boulders up to

2 ft. in diameter, composed mostly of quartz and

feldspar.
36

Trench B-8 (Con.)

Distanceet

From To Sample Description

200.0 210.0 Mostly unaltered dark-gray to almost-black finegrained quartz monzonite containing much dark quartz

and biotite.

210.0 210.2 73 Quartz vein, strike N. 600 E.

210.2 279.0 Mostly unaltered dark-gray to almost-black finegrained quartz monzonite containing much dark quartz

and biotite.

279.0 281.0 Light-gray quartz monzonite, strike N. 600 E.

281.0 294.0 Dark-gray partially decomposed quartz monzonite.

294.0 303.0 Light-gray quartz monzonite, strike N. 60° E.

303.0 303.52 75 Decomposed rusty-to-yellow-colored quartz vein with

small amount of arsenopyrite, strike N. 450 E.,

0.2 ft. wide.

303.52 327.0 Dark-gray partially decomposed quartz monzonite.

327.0 329.0 Light-gray quartz monzonite, strike N. 600 E. Contacts are very sharp between these light-and darkgray monzonites.

329.0 356.0 Dark-gray partially decomposed quartz monzonite.

Trench B-9

Bearing: N. 200 W. Length: 457 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 5.1 feet.

"0" is SE. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 236.0 Light-gray to rusty-gray decomposed quartz monzonite,

with a few boulders of quartz monzonite containing

much biotite.

236.0 237.0 Rusty zone of decomposed quartz monzonite, strike

N. 150 E.

237.0 262.0 Light-gray to rusty-gray decomposed quartz monzonite,

with a few boulders of quartz monzonite containing

much biotite.

262.0 326.0 Unaltered gray quartz monzonite with much quartz,

about 10 percent biotite.

326.0 340.0 Decomposed quartz monzonite, dark gray.

340.0 340.53 77 Rusty vein quartz, scheelite, and arsenopyrite,

strike N. 50° E., dip 70° to SE.

340.53 377.0 Decomposed light-gray quartz monzonite.

377.0 377.21 79 Quartz vein, strike E. and W.

377.21 457.0 Decomposed light-gray quartz monzonite. Few 1/2-in.

quartz stringers that strike N. 600 E.
37

Trench B-10

Bearing: N. 200 W. Length: 288 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 4.5 feet.

"0" is SE. end.

Distance. feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 38.0 Decomposed light-gray quartz monzonite.

38.0 62.0 Unaltered light-gray quartz monzonite.

62.0 112.0 Light-tan decomposed quartz monzonite.

112.0 130.0 Unaltered light-gray quartz monzonite.

130.0 187.0 Light-tan decomposed quartz monzonite crisscrossed

with 1/8-in. disintegrated quartz veins; 1-in.

quartz stringer at 175.5 ft. that strikes N. 550 E.

187.0 192.0 Light-tan decomposed quartz monzonite crisscrossed

with 1/8-in. disintegrated quartz veins; much more

iron stain.

192.0 283.0 Light-tan decomposed quartz monzonite crisscrossed

with 1/8-in. disintegrated quartz veins.

283.0 288.0 Light-tan decomposed quartz monzonite crisscrossed

with 1/8-in. disintegrated quartz veins; much more

iron stain.

Trench B-ll

Bearing: N. 20° W. Length: 177 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 4.5 feet.

"0" is SE. end.

Distance feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 53.0 Decomposed light-yellow quartz monzonite.

53.0 64.0 Unaltered light-gray quartz monzonite,

64.0 106.0 Slightly decomposed light-gray quartz monzonite.

106.0 123.0 Yellow partially decomposed quartz monzonite.

123.0 155.0 Lighter yellow partially decomposed quartz monzonite.

155.0 155.3 81 Light-greenish quartz vein.

155.3 177.0 _ _ [Light-yellow partially decomposed quartz monzonite.

Trench B-12

Bearing: N. 200 W. Length: 212 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 4.5 feet.

"0" is SE. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 24.0 Light-yellow decomposed quartz monzonite.

24.0 24.3 Quartz vein as in trench B-il at 155.0 to 155.3 ft.

24.3 157.0 Light-yellow decomposed quartz monzonite.

157.0 171.0 Reef of slightly decomposed quartz monzonite.

171.0 212.0 Light-yellow decomposed quartz monzonite.
38

Trench B-13

Bearing: E. and W. Length: 70 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 3.5 feet.

"0" is E. end.

Distance, feet

From To - Sample Description

0.0 70.0 Dark-gray decomposed quartz monzonite with dark-gray

quartz monzonite boulders containing much biotite.

Formation is much darker than that on west side of

Black Creek.

Trench B-14

Bearing: N. 800 W. Length: 108 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 4.0 feet.

"0" is E. end.

Distance, feetI

From To Sample Description

0.0 84.0 Decomposed dark-gray quartz monzonite.

84.0 84.4 Unaltered gray quartz monzonite; strike N. 650 E.

84.4 108.0 Decomposed dark-gray quartz monzonite.

Trench B-15

Bearing: E. and W. Length: 67 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 2.5 feet.

"0" is E. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 23.0 Decomposed quartz monzonite crisscrossed with 1/8-in.

stringers of decomposed quartz veins.

23.0 29.0 Zone of shattered and partially decomposed sandstone,

light-rusty color, much quartz and stain.

29.0 32.0 248 Partially shattered, almost-black argillite, considerable iron pyrite.

32.0 38.0 249 Reddish-colored and shattered argillite with arsenopyrite. From 36.0 to 36.4 ft. is vein of quartz

and arsenopyrite (sample 249). Sample 250 is from

250 32 to 38 ft. inclusive.

38.0 67.0 Decomposed quartz monzonite and quartz monzonite

boulders.
39

Trench B-16

Bearing: N. and S. Length: 355 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 2.5 feet.

"0" is S. end.

Distanc, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 37.0 307 Light-gray decomposed quartz monzonite, with a few

quartz monzonite boulders. Sample 307 is of a 1/4-

in. rusty quartz vein at 24 ft. Strike N. 37° E.

37.0 40.0 Light-gray decomposed quartz monzonite, with a few

quartz monzonite boulders; much more iron stain.

40.0 285.0 308 Light-gray decomposed quartz monzonite, with a few

quartz monzonite boulders. At 69.0 ft. is 1/ 2 -in.

quartz vein, strike N. 40° E. (sample 308).

309 At 108.0 ft. is 4-in. quartz vein with a small amount

of biotite, strike N. 500 E., vertical dip (sample

309).

285.0 290.0 Unaltered very light-gray quartz monzonite, over 50

percent quartz, very little biotite.

290.0 355.0 Light-gray decomposed quartz monzonite.

Trench B-17

Bearing: N. 80 E. Length: 400 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 2.7 feet.

"0" is S. end.

Distan ce ,feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 16.0 Very dark-gray decomposed quartz monzonite, much

biotite.

16.0 16.7 Unaltered very light-gray quartz monzonite. Sharp

contact, strike N. 600 E.

16.7 67.0 Very dark-gray decomposed quartz monzonite, much

biotite, a few quartz monzonite boulders.

67.0 84.0 Light-brown quartzite, limonite stain on fractures.

84.0 400.0 Decomposed medium- to dark-gray quartz monzonite,

containing much biotite and iron stain; a few

disintegrated, iron-stained quartz stringers that

strike N. 600 E.
40

Trench B-18

Bearing: N. and S. Length: 257 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 1.6 feet.

"O" is S. end.

Distance feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 257.0 Mostly unaltered, very fine-grained, dark-gray quartz

monzonite, with many boulders which contain a small

amount of decomposed material.

Trench B-19

Bearing: N. 40 W. Length: 425 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 3.3 feet.

"O" is S. end.

Distance feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 46.0 Partially decomposed brown quartz monzonite with

limonite stain, and a few boulders.

46.0 46.14 86 Three-fourth-inch barren white quartz vein with 1/16-

in. siderite on footwall and hanging wall, strike

N. 40° E., dip 650 to NW.

46.14 159.0 Partially decomposed quartz monzonite.

159.0 159.18 88 One and one-fourth-inch white-to-gray quartz vein,

90 with few yellow vuggy areas. Very small amount of

cinnabar noticed in small inch-square section of

vein. Strike N. 30° E., dip 48' NW. Sample 88 is

of section carrying cinnabar and sample 90 is of

vein.

159.18 204.0 Partially decomposed quartz monzonite, more iron

stain from 199.0 to 204.0 ft.

204.0 242.0 Unaltered fresh gray quartz monzonite.

242.0 425.0 - Slightly decomposed gray quartz monzonite.

Trench B-20

Bearing: N. 40 W. Length: 469 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 3.3 feet.

"O" is SE. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 70.0 Light-brown, decomposed, quartz monzonite.

70.0 105.0 Water hole, no exposure.

105.0 437.0 Partially decomposed gray quartz monzonite with

numerous 4- to 5-ft. boulders. Occasional reddish

patches of decomposed quartz monzonite.

437.0 469.0 Water hole, no exposure.
41

Trench B-21

Bearing: N. 20 E. Length: 318 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 3.2 feet.

"0" is S. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 318.0 Light-brown, decomposed, quartz monzonite with

numerous large boulders of light-gray quartz monzonite; 1/ 2 -in. quartz vein at 17 ft., strike N. 350 E.

Trench B-22

Bearing: N. 70 E. Length: 400 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 3.2 feet.

"0" is S. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 132.0 Partially decompozed light-brown to light-gray quartz

monzonite with numerous large boulders. At 17 ft.,

a 1/4-in. decomposed rusty quartz vein, strike

N. 240 W.

132.0 142.0 Light-brown to light-tan decomposed quartz monzonite,

several small rusty decomposed iron-veins striking

approximately N. 850 W.

142.0 388.0 305 Partially decomposed light-brown to light-gray quartz

monzonite with numerous large boulders. Sample 305

is composite of numerous small quartz veins and

specimens of disintegrated quartz.

388.0 394.0 Light-brown to light-tan decomposed quartz monzonite,

several small rusty decomposed iron veins striking

approximately N. 85° W.

394.0 400.0 Partially decomposed light-brown to light-gray quartz

monzonite with numerous large boulders.

Trench B-23

Bearing: 0 to 280 - N. 360 E. Length: 380 feet.

280 to 380 - N. 540 E. Average depth: 3.5 feet.

Width: 13 feet.

"0" is S. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 380.0 251 Light-gray to light-tan decomposed quartz monzonite

with numerous large boulders. At 55 ft., a 3/8-in.

horizontal quartz vein (sample 251).
42

Trench B-24

Bearing: N. 560 W. Length: 397 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 2.5 feet.

"0" is NW. end.

Distance feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 51.0 Decomposed light-gray to light-tan quartz monzonite.

51.0 51.2 253 Quartz vein.

51.2 273.0 Decomposed light-gray to light-tan quartz monzonite.

273.0 293.0 Bright light-tan quartz monzonite with much iron

mineralization, contacts are sharp and strike N.

and S. Very little biotite.

293.0 327.0 Decomposed quartz monzonite with numerous quartz

monzonite boulders.

327.0 336.0 Decomposed quartz monzonite with numerous quartz

monzonite boulders; much limonite stain.

336.0 397.0 Decomposed light-gray quartz monzonite. A few small

biotite crystals, much white quartz, very little

iron stain.

Trench B-25

Bearing: 0 to 450 - N. 640 W. Length: 700 feet.

450 to 700 - N. 660 W. Average depth: 2.7 feet.

Width: 13 feet.

"0" is SE. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 387.0 Decomposed light-tan to light-gray quartz monzonite.

387.0 405.0 Decomposed light-tan to light-gray quartz monzonite;

much iron mineralization, strike of mineralized

contact, N. 260 E.

405.0 700.0 Partially decomposed quartz monzonite with numerous

boulders, a fine-grained, very dark-gray quartz

monzonite composed of over 50 percent smoky quartz,

with much biotite in small crystals, numerous mud

sills. A few disintegrated quartz and iron stringers that strike N. 26° E.
43

Trench B-26

Bearing: N. 30° W. Length: 72 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 3.0 feet.

"0" is SE. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 43.0 Light-gray to medium-gray decomposed quartz monzonite,

with numerous 1- to 3-ft. boulders of fairly finegrained quartz monzonite. No trace of cinnabarbearing quartz vein that was in trench B-19.

43.0 72.0 Light-gray to medium-gray decomposed quartz monzonite,

with numerous 1- to 3-ft. boulders of fairly finegrained quartz monzonite. No trace of cinnabarbearing quartz vein which was in trench B-19;

slightly more iron mineralization.

Trench B-27

Bearing: N. 190 E. Length: 245 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 5.0 feet.

"0" is S. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 9.0 Decomposed light-brown quartz monzonite.

9.0 9.5 Ninety-five percent light-gray to white feldspar and

white quartz, rest appears to be small biotite

crystals.

9.5 27.0 Decomposed light-brown quartz monzonite.

27.0 27.5 Ninety-five percent light-gray to white feldspar and

white quartz, rest appears to be small biotite

crystals. Strike N. 800 E.

27.5 124.0 Decomposed light-brown quartz monzonite. Contact at

124 ft. strikes N. 71° W.

124.0 133.0 Medium-gray argillite.

133.0 134.7 287 Stibnite and quartz, erratic stibnite mineralization,

288 strike N. 130 W., vertical dip. Measurement of vein

289 normal to strike is 0.9 ft., and all samples are

taken normal to strike. Sample 287, 133.0 to 133.6

ft., light-yellow quartz and feldspar, much yellow

sulfides; sample 288, 133.6 to 134.3 ft., smoky

quartz with small amount green quartz and stibnite,

which appears to have entered after quartz. Sample

289, 134.3 to 134.7 ft., light-yellow quartz and

smoky quartz.

134.7 160.0 Medium-gray argillite.
44

Trench B-27 (Con.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

160.0 161.4 290 Quartz and argillite with 5 percent stibnite in small

291 lenses. Stibnite is in elongated lenses with the

long axes normal to the quartz vein, and does not

extend into the argillite; mineralization is erratic.

Some associated scorodite and sericite, and chlorite.

Very small amount of arsenopyrite, and limonite.

Sample 290 is a composite of stibnite pockets or

lenses. Sample 291 is of yellow vuggy quartz and

argillite and a cross portion containing no stibnite.

Width of vein or zone is 1.0 ft.

161.4 193.0 Medium-gray argillite.

193.0 204.0 Fractured argillite.

204.0 218.0 292 Light-gray fine-grained quartzite.

218.0 245.0 Partially decomposed brown quartz monzonite.

Trench B-28

Bearing: N. 150 W. Length: 180 feet.

Width: 13 feet. Average depth: 5.0 feet.

"0" is S. end.

Distance, feet

From To Sample Description

0.0 100.0 Brown decomposed quartz monzonite with dark-gray

quartz monzonite boulders.

100.0 180.0 Brown decomposed quartz monzonite with dark-gray

quartz monzonite boulders, with more biotite.

INT..OU.OF MINES.PGH..PA. 3777