ED 035 996

AUTHOR

TITLE

INSTITUTION

REPORT NO

PUB LATE

NOTE

AVAILABLE FROM.

EDRS PRICE

DESCRIPTORS

ABSTRACT

DOCUMENT RESUME

EA 002 790

SIMCN, KENNETH A.; GRANT, W. VANCE

DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS, 1969 EDITION.

NATIONAL CENTER FOR EDUCATIONAL STATISTICS (DREW),

WASHINGTON, D.C.

0E-10024-69

SEP 69

140P.

SUPERINTENDENT CF DOCUMENTS, U.S. GOVT. PRINTING

OFFICE, WASHINGTON, D.C. 20402 OFFS 5.210:10024-69,

$1.50)

EDRS PRICE MF-$C.75 HC NOT AVAILABLE FROM EDRS.

DEGREES (TITLES), EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES,

EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH, *ELEMENTARY EDUCATION,

EMPLOYMENT STATISTICS, ENROLLMENT, EQUAL EDUCATION,

EXPENDITURES, GRADUATES, *HIGHER EDUCATION, INCOME,

LIBRARIES, *NATIONAL SURVEYS, SCHOOL DISTRICTS,

SCHOOL HOLDING POWER, *SECONDARY EDUCATION,

*STATISTICAL DATA, TEACHERS

THE 1969 EDITION OF THE DIGEST OF EDUCATIONAL

STATISTICS IS THE EIGHTH IN THIS SERIES OF ANNUAL PUBLICATIONS. THE

PRIMARY PURPOSE OF THIS COMPENDIUM OF TABLES IS TO PROVIDE AN

ABSTRACT OF STATISTICAL INFCEMATICN COVERING THE BROAD FIELD OF

AhERICAN 'EDUCATION FROM KINDERGARTEN THROUGH THE GRADUATE SCHOOL.

SUBJECTS CN WHICH STATISTICS ARE GIVEN INCLUDE THE NUMBER OF SCHOOLS

AND COLLEGES, SCHOOL ENROLLMENTS, TEACHERS, GRADUATES, EDUCATIONAL

ATTAINMENT, FINANCES, FEDERAL FUNDS FOR EDUCATION, LIBRARIES,

INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION, AND RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT. THE DIGEST IS

DIVIDED INTO FIVE CHAPTERS: (1) ALL LEVELS OF EDUCATION, (2)

ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION, (3) HIGHER EDUCATION, (4) FEDERAL

PROGRAMS FOR EDUCATION, AND (5) SELECTED STATISTICS RELATED TC

EDUCATION IN THE U.S. IMPROVEMENTS AND ADDITIONS OVER PREVIOUS

VOLUMES IN THIS SERIES INCLUDE SELECTED STATISTICS CN LOCAL PUBLIC

SCHOOL SYSTEMS; EXPANDED COVERAGE OF THE FIELD OF VOCATIONAL

EDUCATION; RESULTS OF PUBLIC SCHCCL BOND ELECTIONS; TREND DATA ON

DEGREES CONFERRED IN DENTISTRY, MEDICINE, AND LAW; AND A LISTING OF

THE INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION THAT ENROLL THE LARGEST NUMBER

OF STUDENTS AND THOSE THAT CONFER THE mcs4s-aele-R'S DEGREES. (DE)
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE

OFFICE OF EDUCATION

THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE

PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT. POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS

STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION

POSITION OR POLICY.

OE-I0024-69

67/1/C ES

Digest Cr

0 of Educational

UJ Statistics

1969 Edition

By KENNETH A. SIMON

Chief, Reference, Estimates, and Projections Branch

and

W. VANCE GRANT

Specialist, Educational Statistics

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE

CFO Office of Education

ROBERT H. FINCH, Secretary

(Ni JAMES E. ALLEN, Jr., Assistant Secretary and Commissioner of Education

National Center for Educational Statistics

DOROTHY M. GILFORD, Assistant Commissioner for Educational Statistics
Superintendent of Documents Catalog No. FS 5.210:10024-69

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON : September 1969

For sale by the' Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office

Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price $1.50
Foreword

The 1969 edition of the Digest of Educational

Statistics ;s the eighth in a series of annual publications.initiated by the Office of Education in

1962; Its primary purpose is to provide an abstract

of statistical information covering the broad field of

American education front kindergarten through the

graduate school.. kTo perform this function, it

utilizes materials from numerous sources, including

the statistical surveys and estimates of the Office of

Education and other appropriate agencies, both

governmental and nongovernmental.'The publication contains information on a variety of subjects

within the field of educational statistics, including

the number of schools and colleges, enrollments,

teachers, graduates, educational attainment, finances, Federal funds for education, libraries,

international education, and research and

development.

The Digest is divided into five chapters: (1)

All levels of education; (2) elementary and secondary education; (3) higher education; (4) Federal

programs of education; and (5) selected statistics

related to education in the United States. To

III

qualify for inclusion in this publication, material

must be nationwide in scope and of current interest and value. Series of data extending as far

back as 1870 have been employed in many instances to provide some historical perspective.

In addition to updating many of the statistics

which appeared in previous years, this edition of

the Digest contains a number of innovations.

These include selected statistics on local public

school systems; expanded coverage of the field of

vocational education; results of public school bond

elections; trend data on degrees conferred in the

professional fields of dentistry, medicine, and law;

and a listing of the institutions of higher education

which enroll the largest number of students and

those which confer the most doctor's degrees.

The Digest of Educational Statistics should

prove useful to all persons interested in the nature

and scope of education in the United States and in

particular to those individuals who are concerned

with the formulation and conduct of educational

policy.

DOROTHY M. MILFORD

Assistant Commissioner for

Educational Statistics.
Contents

FOREWORD

INTRODUCTION

Page

III XIII

CHAPTER I. ALL LEVELS OF EDUCATION 1

CHAPTER II. ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION 21

CHAPTER III. HIGHER EDUCATION 59

CHAPTER IV. FEDERAL PROGRAMS FOR EDUCATION 95

CHAPTER V. SELECTED STATISTICS RELATED TO EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES 107

INDEX

TABLES

All Levels of Education

123

Enrollment

1. Estimated enrollment in educational institutions, by level of instruction and type of control: United

States, fall 1968 and fall 1969 2

2. Enrollment in educational institutions, by level of instruction and type cf control: United States, fall

1965 2

3. Enrollment in educational institutions, by level of instruction and type of school: United States, 1899-1900

to fall 1965 3

4. Percent of the population 5 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by age: United States, October 1947 to

October 1968 4

Teachers and Other Instructional Staff

5. Number of teachers in elementary and secondary schools, and instructional staff members in institutions

of higher education: United States, 1929-30 to 1963-64 5

6. Estimated number of classroom teachers in elementary and secondary schools, and total instructional

staff for resident degree-credit courses in institutions of higher education: United States, fall 1968

and 1969 5

Schools and School Districts

7. Number of local basic administrative units (school districts), and number of schools of specified types,

by State: 1965-66 6

Retention Rates and Educational Attainment

8. Estimated retention rates, 5th grade through college entrance, in public and nonpublic schools: United

States, 1924-32 to 1959-67 7

9. Level of school completed by persons 25 years old and over and 25 to 29 years old, by color: United

States, 1910 to 1968 7

10. Occupation of employed persons 18 years old and over, by level of school completed, sex, and color:

United States, March 1968 8

V
Page

I I. Median school years completed by persons 25 years old and over, by State: 1960 9 12. Percent of population 25 years old and over with at least 4 years of high school and with at least 4 years of college, by State: 1960 9 13. Number of persons 26 years old and over with less than 5 years of school completed, by State and by

color: 1960 10 14. Illiteracy of the population, by State: 1900 to 1960 11

15. Percent of draftees who failed to meet the mental requirements for induction into the armed services, by State: 1967 11

Income

16. Total annual money income of persons 25 years old and over, by years of school completed, sex, and age: United States, 1967 12 17. Annual income of men, by age and years of school completed: United States, 1956 to 1966 13 18. Lifetime income of men, by years of school completed : United States, 1956 to 1966 13

19. Receipts of educational institutions, by level of instruction, type of control, and source: United States, 1965-66 13

Expenditures

20. Estimated expenditures for education, by level of instruction and type of control: United States, 1968-69

and 1969-70 15

21. Estimated expenditures of educational institutions, by source of funds: United States, 1965-66 to 1969-70 16 22. Expenditures for education, including capital outlay, by level of instruction and by type of control: United States, 1965-66 18

23. Gross national product related to total expenditures for education: United States, 1929-30 to 1968 -69 18 24. Direct expenditures of State and local governments for all functions and for education, by per ckzpitP, amount and percent of per capita income: 1966-67 20

Elementary and Secondary Education

Enrollment

25. Enrollment in full-time public elementary and secondary day schools, by level and State: Fall 1968 and

fall 1969 22 26. Enrollment by grade in full-time public elementary and secondary day schools: United States, 1957-58 to

1968-69 23 27. Enrollment, attendance, and length of school term in public elementary and secondary day schools, by State: 1965-66 24

28. Age ranges for compulsory and permissive school attendance, by State: 1965 25 29. Enrollment in grades 9-12 in public and nonpublic schools compared with population 14-17 years of age: United States, 1889-90 to fall 1968 25 30. Historical summary of public elementary and secondary school statistics: United States, 1869-70 to

1965-66 26 31. Selected statistics of local public school systems, by enrollment size: United States, fall 1967 28 32. Selected statistics on public elementary and secondary schools in large cities: 1967-69 28 33. Enrollment in special education programs for exceptional children: United States, February 1963 and

1966 29 34. Enrollment in nonpublic elementary and secondary schools, by church relationship and by region: 1965-66 29 35. Enrollment in nonpublic elementary and secondary schools, by State: 1965-66 30 36. Estimated enrollment in regular nonpublic elementary and secondary day schools, by State: Fall 1969 31 37. Enrollment of 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children in preprimary programs, by age and type of program: United States, October 1968 31 38. Enrollment in science and mathematics courses in public high schools, by sex: United States, 1964-65. 31 39. Enrollment in science and mathematics courses in public high schools compared with total enrollment in grades 9-12 and population aged 14-17: United States, 1948-49 to 1962-63 32 40. Enrollment in foreign languages in public and nonpublic secondary schools: United States, fall 1964.... 32

41. Enrollment in selected subjects in public high schools related to total enrollment in the grades in which the

subjects are usually offered: United States, 1960-61 32 42. Enrollment in federally aided vocational education classes, by type of program and level of instruction: United States and outlying areas, fiscal years 1966 to 1968 33

VI
Page

43. Enrollment in federally aided vocational classes, by type of program: United States and outlying areas,

1920 to 1968 34

44. Number and percent of public school pupils transported at public expense, and current expenditures for

transportation: United States, 1929-30 to 1967-68 34

Teachers and Other Instructional Staff

45. Number of full-time and part-time classroom teachers in public elementary and secondary day schools, by

level and State: Fall 1968 and fall 1969 35

46. Instructional staff in public elementary and secondary day schools, by type of position and by State:

1965-66 36

47. Estimated number of classroom teachers in regular nonpublic elementary and secondary day schools. by

State: Fall 1969 37

48. Number of teachers of federally aided vocational education classes, by type of program: United States

and outlying areas, fiscal years 1966 to 1968 37

49. Estimated number of classroom teachers in regular nonpublic secondary schools: United States, fall 1969 37

50. Selected characteristics of public school teachers, by level and by sex: United States, 1965-66 38

51. Public secondary school teachers, by teaching field and by sex: United States, 1965-66 38

52. Average annual salary of instructional staff in public elementary and secondary day schools, and average

annual earnings of full-time employees in all industries, in unadjusted dollars and adjusted dollars:

United States, 1929-30 to 1968-69 38

53. Estimated average annual salary of classroom teachers in public elementary and secondary schools:

United States, 1955-56 to 1968-69 39

54. Percentage distribution of estimated annual salaries paid classroom teachers in public elementary and

secondary schools: United States, 1952-53 to 1968-69 39

55. Average annual salary of instructional staff in full-time public elementary and secondary day schools,

by State: 1929-30 to 1968-69 40

Schools and School Districts

56. Number of local basic administrative units (school districts), by State: Fall 1968 42

57. Number of public school systems and number of pupils enrolled, by size of system: United States, 1966-67. 42

58. Number of local basic administrative units (school districts), and number of public and nonpublic elementary and secondary schools: United States, 1929-30 to 1965-66 42

59. Number and percent of public secondary schools, by type of school: United States, 1919-20 to 1965-66 43

Instruction Rooms and Other Facilities

60. Selected statistics on schoolhouoing in full-time public elementary and secondary day

schools, by State: 1967-68 and fall 1968 44

61. Selected characteristics of instructional rooms in public school plants, by State: 1964-65 45

62. Facilities in elementary and secondary school plants, by organizational level and control: United States,

spring 1964 46

63. Number of additional rooms needed for instructional use as determined by varying measures of pupil

accommodation and according to local opinion of rooms needed to eliminate overcrowding, by State:

1964-65 47

High School Graduates

64. Number of high school graduates compared with population 17 years of: age: United States, 1869-70 to

1967-68

65. Number of public and nonpublic high school graduates, by sex and State: 1967-68

Income

47

48

66. Estimated revenue and nonrevenue receipts cf public elementary and secondary schools, by source and

State: 1968-69 49

67. Revenue receipts of public elementary and secondary schools from Federal, State, local, and other sources,

by State: 1965-66 50

68. Public elementary and secondary school revenue receipts from Federal, State, and local sources: United

States, 1919-20 to 1967-68 51

69. Results of public school bond elections: United States, 1957-58 to 1967-68 51

VII
Expenditures Page 70. Estimated expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose and State: 1968-69 52 71. Summary of expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose and State: 1965-66 53 72. Summary of expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose: United States, 1919-20 to 1965-66 54 73. Personal income, 1968, related to estinated expenditures for public elementary and 3econdary education, by State: 1968-69 55 74. Estimated expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance in public elementary and secondary day

schools, by State: 1968-69 56 75. Total and current expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance in public elementary and secondary

schools: United States, 1929-30 to 1968-69 56 76. Expenditures of Federal, State, and local funds for vocational education: United States and outlying

areas, 1920 to 1968 56 77. Expenditures of Federal, State, and local funds for vocational education, by State: Fiscal year 1968.... 57

Higher Education

Enrollment

78. Total enrollment in institutions of higher education, by type of program, sex of student, control of institution, and State: Fall 1968 60

79. Degree-credit enrollment in institutions of higher education, by level of student, control of institution, and State: Fall 1968 61 80. Total and first-time degree-credit enrollment in institutions of higher education, by State: Fall 1968 and

fail :969 61 81. Selected statistics for the 60 institutions of higher education enrolling the largest number of students: United States, fall 1968 62 82. Total enrollment in institutions of higher education, by control of institution and by State: Fall 1967 63 83. Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex and by type and control of institution: United States and outlying areas, fall 1965 and fall 1960 64 84. Enrollment in institutions of higher education compared with population aged 18-24: United States, fall 1950 to fall 1969 64 85. Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex and by control of institution: United States, fall 1946 to fall 1969 65 86. Resident degree-credit enrollment in institutions of higher education related to total population and to

age groups 18-21 and 1824: United States, 1869-70 to fall 1963 65 87. Residence and migration of college students taking work creditable toward a bachelor's or higher degree: United States and outlying areas, fall 1963 66

88. Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex, type of enrollment, and control of institution: United States and outlying areas, fall 1963 67 89. First-time enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex and by control of institution: United States, fall 1946 to fall 1969 67 90. Junior-year students majoring in science, mathematics, and foreign languages in institutions of higher education, by sex, field of study, and control of institution: United States and outlying areas, fall 1962 68 91. Enrollment for master's and doctor's degrees in institutions of higher education, by field ofstudy: United States and outlying areas, fall 1960 and fall 1967 68

92. Selected characteristics of graduate students: United States, spring 1965. 70

93. Socioeconomic background of graduate students, by sex: United States, spring 1965 70 94. Stipend status of graduate students: United States, spring 1965 71 95. Number of 2-year institutions of higher education and enrollment, by control of institution and by sex: United States, fall 1947 to fall 1968 71

96. Engineering enrollment in institutions of higher education, by level: United States and outlying areas, fall 1949 to fall 1965 72 97. Number of graduates, 1963-64, and enrollment, fall 1964, in organized occupational curriculums in

institutions of higher education, by curriculum: United States and outlying areas 72 98. Formal awards based on organized occupational curriculums, by length and type of curriculum and sex

of recipient: United States and outlying areas, 1967 -68. 73 99. Historical summary of faculty, students, degrees, and finances in institutions of higher education: United States, 1869-70 to 1965-66 74 100. Faculty, students, and degrees conferred in institutions attended predominantly by Negro students: United States, 1963-64 75

VIII
Faculty and Other Professional Staff Page

101. Faculty for resident instruction in degree-credit courses in institutions of higher education: United

States and outlying areas, 1949-50 to 1968-69 75

102. Faculty and other professional staff in institutions of higher education, by sex and by control and level

of institution: United States and outlying areas, first term 1959-60 to 1966-67 75

103. Faculty and other professional staff in institutions of higher education, by type of position: United

States and outlying areas, first term 1959-60 to 1963-64 76

104. Faculty and other professional staff in institutions of higher education, by State: First term 1963-64 76

105. Average salaries of faculty members in institutions of higher education, by level of institution, length of

contract, and academic rank: United States, 1963-64 and 1966-67 77

106. Median salaries of instructional staff in institutions of higher education, by academic rank, type of institution, and size of enrollment: United States, 1965-66 and 1967 -68.. 77

107. Median annual salaries of instructional staff and administrative officers in 4-year colleges and universities:

United States, 1957-58 to 1967-68 78

Institutions

108. Number of institutions of higher education, by type, control, and size of enrollment: United States, fall

1968 78

109. Number of institutions of higher education, by type, control, and State: Fall 1968 79

110. Nurilber cf institutions of higher education, by control of institution and by State: Fall 1967 80

Degrees

111. Earned degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by level of degree and by State: 1967-68

and 1968-69 81

112. Earned degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by field of study, level, and sex: United

States, 1967-68 82

113. Number of first-professional degrees conferred in dentistry, medicine, and law, by sex: United States,

1949-50 to 1967-68 83

114. Engineering degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by level of degree: United States and

outlying areas, 1948-49 to 1967-68. 83

115. Earned degrees conferred by institutions of higher education: United States, 1869-70 to 1968-69 83

116. The 60 institutions of higher education conferring the largest number of doctoral degrees: United States,

1958-59 to 1967-68 85

Income

117. Current-fund revenue of institutions of higher education, by control and source: United States and

outlying areas, 1965-66 86

118. Current-fund revenue of institutions of higher education from State and local governments related to

total current-fund revenue, by control of institution and by State: 1965-66 86

119. Current-fund revenue of institutions of higher education, by control and by State: 1963-64 and 1965-66 87

120. Income of institutions of higher education: United States and outlying areas, 1909-10 to 1965-66 88

121. Estimated tuition and fees, and room and board rates, in institutions of higher education, by type

and control of institution: United States, 1959-60 to 1969-70 88

122. Basic student charges by institutions of higher education for tuition and fees, board, and room, by control

and level of institution: United States and outlying areas, 1966-67 89

Expenditures

123. Current-fund expenditures of institutions of higher education, by purpose and control: United States and

outlying areas, 1965-66 89

124. Current-fund expenditures of institutions of higher education, by control and by State: 1963 64 and

1965-66 90

125. Personal income, 1965, related to educational and general expenditures for higher education and to

educational and general funds received from State and local governments, by State: 1965-66 91

126. Expenditures of institutions of higher education: United States and,outlying areas, 1929-30 to 1965-66 92

Property

127. Physical plant value per student in institutions of higher education, by control and level: United States

and outlying areas, 1964 and 1966 92

128. Endowment funds per student in institutions of higher education, by control and level: United States and

outlying areas, 1964 and 1966 92

129. Property of institutions of higher education: United States and outlying areas, 1909-10 to 1965-66 93

IX
130. Student financial aid funds disbursed by institutions of higher education, by type of program, control of

institution, type of aid, and academic level of recipient and control of institution: United States and

outlying areas, 1965-66

Page

93

Land-Grant Institutions

131. Selected data for land-grant institutions on stndeniz and finances: United States and outlying areas,

1957-58 and 1967-68 94

132. Financial statistics of land-grant institutions: United States and outlying areas, 1953-54 and 1963 -64.. 94

Federal Programs of Education

133. Federal funds for education and related activities: Estimated obligations for fiscal years 1962 to 1967; and

estiinated outlays for fiscal years 1968 to 1970 97

134. Federal funds for education and related activities, by agency: Estimated outlay, fiscal years 1968 to 1970 99

135. Summary of Federal funds for research, development, and R. & D. plant: Fiscal years 1967,1968, and

1969 100

136. Fellowship, traineeship, and training grant programs of Federal agencies: Expenditures and number of

participants, fiscal year 1968 101

137. Federal grants and loans for education and related activities, by Federal agency providing assistance

and by State: Fiscal year 1968 102

138. Federal grants and loans administered by the Office of Education, by program and by State: Fiscal year

1968 103

139. Office of Education expenditures, by legislative program: Fiscal years 1960 to 1970 104

Selected Statistics Related to Education in the United States

Employment Status and Job Opportunities

140. College enrollment and labor force status of 1967 high school graduates 16 to 24 years of age in the civilian

noninstitutional population, by color, sex, and marital status of women: United States, October 1967. 108

141. Employment status of 1967 high school graduates not enrolled in college and of 1966-67 school dropouts,

by sex, color, and marital status of women: United States, October 1967 108

142. Major occupational groups of employed high school graduates not enrolled in college, by year of high

school graduation, and of school dropouts, by year last attended school, by sex: United States,

October 1967 109

143. Average monthly salary offers to male candidates for the bachelor's degree, by field of study: United States,

1959-60 to 1968-69 109

144. Average monthly salary offers to male candidates for master's and doctor's degrees, by field of study:

United States, 1964-65 to 1968-69 110

International Education

145. United States college students abroad, 1966-67, and college faculty abroad, 1967-68, by geographical

area and country 110

146. Enrollment of foreign students in institutions of higher education, by level and State: Fall 1963 111

147. Number of foreign students enrolled in American institutions of higher education, by area of origin:

1948-49 to 1967-68 112

148. Students from abroad enrolled in institutions of higher education in the United States, by area by origin

and by major field of interest: 1962-63 and 1967-68 112

149. Estimated total population and enrollment by level in selected countries of the world: 1965 114

150. Estimated population and enrollment by level in major areas of the world: 1965 115

Libraries

151. General statistics of public libraries serving areas of 50,000 or more population: United States and

outlying areas, 1953 to 1965 115

152. Expenditures for instructional materials acquired for loan, and number and percent of children participating in Elementary and Secondary Education Act Title II programs, by type of material and

control and level of program: United States, fiscal year 1967 116

153. Number of nonpublic elementary and secondary schools with and without centralized school libraries, by

level and enrollment size of school: United States and outlying areas, 1964-65 116

154. General statistics of national and other special libraries serving the Federal Government: United States,

1965 116

X
Page 155. Selected statistics for 30 large university libraries; 1967-68

...... 117 156. Average price and price index for selected hardcover books, by category: Unitcd States, 1957-59 to 1968. 117

157. Average price and price index for books, periodicals, and serial services: United States, 1957-59 to 1968, 118

158. General statistics of college and university libraries; United States and outlying areas, 1959-60,1963-64, and 1965-66 118

Research and Development

159. Estimated expenditures for educational research: United States, 1960 and 1965 118

160. Number and median annual salaries of scientists, by type of employer and field: United States, 1968, 119 161. Sources of funds used for research and development: Unitcd States, 1953 to 1968 120

162. Research and development funds related to the gross national product: United States, 1953 to 1968. 120

163. Funds used in the performance of basic research, applied research, and development; Unitcd States, 1966 120

164. Sourccs of funds used for basic research: United States, 1953 to 1966 120

Equal Educational Opportunity

165. Estimated percentages of white and Ncgro attendance in elementary and sccondary schools, by age of main

Unitcd States, fall 1965 120

166. Estimated median achievement tcst scores for 1st- and 12th-grade pupils, by racial and ethnic group:

United States, fall 1965 121

167, Estimated percent of the civilian noninstitutional population cnrollcd in school, by color, sex, and agc, for persons 5 to 34 years old: United States, October 1966 121

168. Estimated percentage of Ncgro and white studcnts cnrollcd in schools with differing percentages of Ncgro

students, grades I and 12, by area and region: Unitcd States, fall 1965 122

169. Enrollment of students taking work creditable toward a bachelor's or highcr degree, by control of institution, race, and region: United States, fall 1965 122

170. Estimated student-faculty ratios in institutions of higher education, by percent of Negro enrollment: United States, fall 1963 122

Figures

1. The structure of education in the United States XII

2. Estimated retention rates, fifth grade through college graduation: United States, 1959 to 1971 8

3. Lifetime income of men, by ycars of school completed: Unitcd States, 1966 14

4. Total expenditures for education as a percentage of gross national product: United States, 1929-30 to

1967-68 17

5. Expenditures of State and local governments 19

6. Number of public school systems: United States, 1945-46 to 1967-68 41

7. Number of public elementary and secondary school instruction rooms completed or abandoncd: United States, 1958-59 to 1967-68 43

8. Students enrolled for master's and highcr degrees, fall 1967 69

9. Doctor's degrees conferred by institutions of higher education: United States, selected years, 1957-58

to 1965-66 84

10. Foreign studcnts enrolled in Amcrican institutions of higher education, by arca of origin: 1967-68. 113
Figure 1.The structure of education in the United States

PH. D. or

Advanced

Professional

Degree

Master's

Degree

Bachelor's

Degree

Associate

Degree or

Certificate

High School

Diploma

24

23

22

21

20

19

18

17

16

15

14

13 M

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

3

12

r 6

5

K

NS

Age Grade
Introduction

Figure 1 presents a general picture of the structure

of education in the United States, At the right side of

the chart, three levels of education are indicated:

elementary, secondary (high schools), and higher (colleges, universities, and professional schools). The approximate age of persons in each level is given at the left side.

Three structural patterns below the college level are in common use, The pattern shown at the left

is commonly called the 8-4 plan, meaning that after nursery school and kindergarten the pupils spend 8 years in the elementary school and 4 in

the high school. The pattern in the center is

generally called the 6-3-3 plan, indicating that after kindergarten the pupils spend 6 years in the

elementary school, 3 in the junior high school, and

3 in the senior high school. The pattern at the right, called the 6-6 plan, means that pupils spend 6

years in the elementary school and 6 in the high,

school. All three plans lead to high school graduation at the age of 17 or 18 years.

High schools generally can be classified as comprehensive or specialized. The comprehensive high

school provides two or more programs in academic,

vocational, technical, or general education in the

same school. The specialized high school concentrates on one type of program. Large city school

systems tend to specialize in the high schools, providing separate schools for vocational and technical programs, Vocational and technical high

schools, however, sometimes offer the general subjects usually required for college entrance, so

that a student who selects these courses can enter

a college or university.

Graduates of the high school may enter a junior college, a technical institute, a. 4-year college or university, or a professional school. The junior

college normally offers the first 2 years of a standard 4-year college program and a broad selection of

terminal-vocational courses. Academic courses

offered by the junior colleges arc transferable for

credit to 4-year colleges and universities. The technical institute offers postsecondary technical training not leading to professional degrees.

Professional schools, as indicated at the upper

right of the figure, begin at different levels and

have programs of different lengths. For example,

medical students must complete at least 3 years of

premedical studies at a college or university before

they can enter the 4-year course of a medical

school; engineering students, on the other hand,

can enter an engineering school immediately upon

completion of a secondary school program.
Chapter I

All Levels of Education

This chapter provides a broad overview of education in the United States from kindergarten

through graduate school, It brings together 'materials from elementary, secondary, and higher

education to present a composite picture of the

American educational system, It contains tables

which show the total number of persons enrolled

in school, the number of teachers, the number of

schools, and total receipts and expenditures for

education at all levels. Statistics on educational

attainment, on illiteracy and school retention

rates, and on annual and lifetime income by years

of school completed are also included.

The following highlights illustrate the kinds of

information provided in this chapter:

A total of 57.9 million persons were enrolled in

school in this country in the fall of 1968, and they

received instruction from 2.7 million teachers.

Approximately 73 percent of the young adults

25 to 29 years of age in 1968 were high school

graduates, and 15 percent had completed 4 or

more years of college. The typical young adult

had spent about 123 years in school.

The illiteracy rate among persons 14 years of

age and over in 1960 was 2.4 percent.

Almost 11 percent of the draftees in 1967 failed

to meet the mental requirements for induction

into the armed services.

Among men 25 years of age and over in 1967,

1

the median income for college graduates was more

than $10,500; for high school graduates, more than

$7,200; and for elementary school graduates,

almost $4,800. During his lifetime the average

college graduate in, 1966 could expect an income

of approximately $540,000. This is $200,000 more

than the average high school graduate and nearly

$300,000 more than the anticipated income of a

person who drops out of school after completing

the eighth grade.

Expenditures for all levels of education, both

public and nonpublic, during the school year

1968-69 totaled about $61.4 billion. This amounted

to 7.1 percent of the gross national product in

1968.

Many of the statistics in this chapter are derived

from the annual and biennial surveys of the Office

of Education. When necessary, these survey data

have been supplemented by estimates prepared

especially for this volume in order to make the

tables as useful as possible. In addition, substantial

contributions have been made by statistics received from other agencies, both governmental

and nongovernmental, as indicated in the source

at the bottom of the appropriate tables. In particular, the data obtained from the Bureau of the

Census surveys of educational attainment, governmental finances, and school enrollment by age are

worthy of special mention.
Table 1.-Estimated enrollment in educational institutions, by level of instruction and type of control: United States, fall 1968 and fall 19691

(in thousands)

Level of instruction and type of control Fall 1968

2

Fail 1969

1 3

Tetel elementary, ucrodery, and higher education 51,100 51,600

Public .......... ......

Nonpublic ..... 50,100

7,800

50, 900

7,700

Kindergarten-grade 12 (regular and other schools) 3 51, 000 51, 500

Regular public .......... ..... 44, 960 45, 560

Regular nonpublic schools 5,730 5,630

Other public schools ............. 240 240

Other nonpublic schools... ................. ....... 70 70

Kindergarten-grade 83 36, 810 36, 900

Regular public schools 32,240 32,430

Regular nonpublic schools

Other public schools

4, 370 0 7

1 4; 270170

Other nonpublic schools 30 30

Grades 9.12 (regular and other V.h0013)2 14, 190 14, 600

Regular public schools 12,720 13,130

Regular nonpublic schools

Other public schools.

1,360

70

1,360

Other nonpublic schools. 40 40

Higher education (total degree-credit enrollment in universities, colleges, professional schools, teachers colleges,

and Junior colleges)3 6,900 7,100

Public 4,900 5,100

Nonpublic 2, OM 2, 000

Undergraduate 4 6,100 6,300

Graduate 800 800

The 1968 figures for regular nonpublic and other elementary and secondary

schools, and all 1969 figures, are estimates. Surveys of nonpublic elementary and

secondary schools have been conducted at less frequent intervals than those of

public schools and of institutions of higher education, Consequently, the estimates

for nonpublic schools are less reliable than those for other types of institutians

The estimates for 1969 are derived from the increases expected from population

changes combined with the long-range trend in school enrollment rates of the

population.

2 "Regular" schools include schools which are a part of State and local school

systems and also most nonprofit-making nonpublic elementary and secondary schools, both church-affiliated and nonsectarian. "Other" schools include subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education, residential schools for

exceptional children, Federal schools for Indians, and Federal schools on military

posts and other Federal installations.

3 Excludes undergraduate students in occupational programs which are not

ordinarily creditable toward a bachelor's degree. There were approximately

585,000 of these nondegrie-credit students in fall 1968.

4 Includes students working toward first-professional degrees, such as M.D.

D.D.S., LL.B., and B,D. An estimated 230,000 students were in this category in fall

1968.

NOTE: Fall enrollment is usually smaller than school-year enrollment, since the

latter is a cumulative figure which includes students who enroll at any time during

the year.

SOURCE: U.S, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Fell 1968 Statistics of Public Schools" "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1968"; and estimates of the National Center for Educational Statistics,

Office of Education.

2

Table 2.-Enrollment in educational institutions, by

level of instruction and type of control: United States,

fall 1965

Level of Instruction, by type of school All schools

Publicly

controlled

schools

Privately

controlled

schools

1 2 3 4

All 0

(esweetary, sadary,

Elementary and secondary

Kindergarten-grade 8,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Grades 9-12 and postgraduate.--

Higher education

Kindergarten

Refuter L. . .... -

Subcollegiate .................... Oi institutions of higher education--

Residential schools for exceptional

children'

Federal schools for Indians.

Federal schools on Federal installations 3..... ........ .....,

Grades 14, inclusive

Regular 2

Subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education

Residential schools for exceptional

children 3

Federal schools for Indians 4

Federal schools on Federal installations 3

Grades 9-12 and postgraduate

Regular 3 Subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education

Residential schools for exceptional

children 3

Federal schools for Indians 4

Federal schools on Federal installations 3

Higher education:

Resident and extension degreecredit enrollment

Undergraduate and first professional 3

Graduates

64,311,311 41,131,141 1,217,111

48, 779, 976 42, 414, 204 6,395,772

35, 759,153

13,020,823

30, 756, 396

11,657, 808

5,002, 757

1, 363,015

5, 526, 325 3 624, 442 1, 901,113

2,493,296 2,278,956 214,340

2, 473, 932

5,524

7,000

4, 440

2, 400

2,261,592

4,524

6,000

4, 440

2,400

212,340

a 1,000

1,000

0

o

33, 265, 857 28, 477, 440 4, 788, 417

33,078, 844

41, 247

85,000

31,766

29,000

28.315, 427

33, 247

68,000

31,766

29, COO

4, 763, 417

a 8, 000

17,000

0

0

13,020, 823 11,657, 808 1, 363,015

12, 925, 760

43, 875

35,000

13, 588

2,600

11, 596, 745

18, 875

26,000

13, 588

2,600

1, 329, 015

a 25, 000

9,000

0

0

5, 526, 325 -

3,624, 442 1, 901, 883

4,944, 625

581,700

3, 272, 870

351,572

1,671, 755

230,128

I Excludes schools of nursing not affiliated with institutions of higher education.

According to the National League for Nursing, these schools had an enrollment of

approximately 94000 in October 1965.

Includes enrollments in local public school systems and in nonpublic schools

(church affiliated and nonsectarian). Excludes subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education, residential schools for exceptional children, and

Federal schools.

3 Estimated.

4 Includes pupils enrolled at any time during the school year 1965-66.

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of State School Systems, 1965-66"; "Fall Statistics of Public

Schools"; "Statistics of Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1965-66";

"Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1965"; and unpublished data.

U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, "Statistics Concerning

Indian Education," fiscal year 166.
Table 3.-Enrollment in educational institutions, by level of instruction and

type of school: United States? 1899-1900 to fall 1965

Level of instruction, by type of school 1899-1900 1909-10

1 2 3

1919-20

4

1929-30

S

1939-40

6

1949-50 1959-60 Fall 1963 Fall 1965

7 8 9 10

AN levels (elswabry, smewlary, highw)1., ....... ..... 17,111,141 11,111,141 240111,771 21,112,377

Elementary and secondary.-- ........ 16,961,249 19,643,933 23, 463,898 28, 551,640

Kindergarten-grade ...... 16, 261, 846 18, 528, 535 20, 963, 722 23, 739, 840

Grades 9-12 and postgraduate.-- 699, 403 I, 115, 398 2, 500,176 4, 811, 800

Higher education 1 237,592 355,215 597,880 1,100,737

21,711,213 31.311,271 41,227,1211 11,111,212 14,311,311

28, 257,000 28,660, 250 42, 012,076 46,957,190 43, 779,976

21,127,021

7,129,979

22,207,241

6,453,009

32, 412,266

9, 599,810

34,701,694

12, 255, 496

35,759,153

13,020,823

1,494,203 2,659,021 3 3, 215, 544 4, 234, 092 5, 526, 325

Kindergarten 225,394 346,189 510,949 786, 463 660, 909 1,175, 312 2, 293, 492 2, 554, 576 2,493,296

Public 3...... ..... ................ 131 657 '293,970 481,266

Nonpublic' 93, 737 052, 219 29, 683

Subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education- - - -. -- (9 (9 (9

Restdentbi schools for exceptional

Federal schools for Indians P g? ti?

children

Federal schools on Federal installations (9 (9 (9

723, 443 594, 647 I, 034, 203 1 922,712

54, 456 57,341 II 133, 000 1 354, 000

(9 (9 (9 7 5,851

to 5,164 5,777 11 4,459 13 4,800

3,400 3,144 3,650 3,987

(9 (9 (9 2,142

2,132,331

404,000

I 5, 450

13 6,000

4,333

2,462

2,261,592

212,340

05,524

13 7,000

4, 440. --

u 2,400

Grades 1-8, Inclusive 16, 036, 452 18,182, 346 20, 452, 773 22, 953, 377 20, 466,112 21, 031, 929 30,118, 774 32, 147, 118 33, 265, 857

Public' 14, 852, 202 :6, 604,821 18, 897,661 20, 555,150 18, 237, 451

Nonpublic' 1,147,188 1,506,218 1,455,878 2,255,430 2,095,938

Subcolleglate departments of institutions of higher education (9 (9 (9 (9 59,547

Residential schools for exceptional

children 37, 062 71,307 IS 99, 234 0 124,153

Federal schools for Indians (9 (9 (9 18,644

Federal schools on Federal installations (9 (9 (9 (9

18,352,603

u 2, 574,777

35,682

55,954 11 48,894

17,222 19,973

(9

85,6 25, 79,190 U4,2696

/ 50,903

13 5%

24,

400

522

19,063

27,171,511 28,315, 427

u 4, 796, 000 4, 763, 417

48,359 0 41,247

ti 75,000 10 85,000

28,690 31,766

27,558 13 29, 000

Grades 9-12 and postgraduate 699,403 1,115, 398 2,500,176 4,811,800 7,129,979 6, 453, 009 9, 599,810 12,255, 496 13, 020,823

Public' 519, 251 915, 061 2, 200, 389

Nonpublic' 110,797 117, 400 213,920

Subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education 65,855 78, 932 81, 367

Residential schools for exceptional

children 3,500 4,005 11 4,500

Federal schools for Indians (9 (9 (9

Federal schools on Federal installations (9 (9 (9

4, 399, 422 6,601, 444

341,158 457,768

59,287 54,070

Io 4,388 9,727

7,545 6,970

5, 724,621 8, 484, 869

u 672, 362 u 1, 035, 247

38,162 7 43,209

11 9,784 u 23,800

8,080 11,685

1,000

10, 882, 909

1, 286, 843

039,474

u 31,000

13,067

2,203

11,596,745

1,329,015

"43,875

ti 35,000

13, 588

2,600

Higher education 1 237, 592 355, 215 597, 880 1, 100, 737 1, 494, 203 2,659, 021 2 3, 215, 544 4, 234, 092 14 5, 526,325

Publicly controlled 90,639 166, 560 315, 382

Privately controlled 146,903 188,655 282, 498

532,647 796, 531 I, 354,902 31, 831, 782 2,633, 345 14 3,624, 442

568, 090 697, 672 I, 304,119 31, 383,762 1,600, 747 14 1, 901, 883

1 Excludes schools of nursing not affiliated with institutions of higher education.

3 Data for first term of the academic year. 3 Excludes subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education, residential schools for exceptional children, and Federal schools.

4 Data for 1911-12.

1 Data from Bureau of the Census.

Data not available.

7 Data for 1957-58.

I Data for fall 1961.

I Includes estimate for nonpublic institutions.

10 Data for 1926-27.

u Data for 1945-46.

13 Estimated.

306-064 0-70 2

"Data for 1917-18.

14 Includes resident and extension degree-credit students. Data for earlier

years exclude extension students.

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Biennial Survey of Education in the United States;" "Statistics of State School Systems;" "Fall Statistics of Public Schools;" "Statistics of Nonpublic

Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1965-66;" comprehensive and fall reports on

enrollment in institutions of higher education; and unpublished data. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Current Population Reports," Series

P-20. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, "Statistics Concerning Indian Education."

3
Table 4.-Percent of the population 5 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by age: United States, October 1947 to October 1968

Year

Total,

5 to 34

years

5 years 6 years

7 to 9

years

10 to 13

years

14 and 15

years

16 and 17

years

18 and 19

years

20 to 24

years

25 to 29

years

30 to 34

years

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1947

1948 43.1

42, 3 53, 4 96.2 98.4 98.6 91, 6 67.6 24.3 10, 2 3.0 1.0

1949 43.9

55.0 96.2 98. 3 98.0 92. 7 71. 2 26.9 9.7 2.6 .9

1950 44.2

55. 1 96.2 98, 5 98. 7 93. 5 6g.,5 25, 3 9. 2 3.8 1. 1 1951 45.4

51.8 97.0 98, 9 98, 6 94.7 71.3 29.4 9.0 3.0 .9 53.8 96.0 99.0 99.2 94.8 75. 1 26, 3 8.3 2.5 .7

1952

1953

46.8 57.8 96, 8 98.7 98.9 96.2 73.4 28.7 3.5 2.6 1.2

1954 48, 8

50.0

58, 4

57, 7

97.7

96.8

99. 4

99.2

99.4

99, 5

96. 5

95.8

74, 7

78.0

31. 2

32.4

11. 1 11.2

2.9

4.1

1. 7

1955 50, 8 1.5

1956 52.3

58. 1 98, 2 99.2 99.2 95.9 77.4 31.5 11. 1 4.2 1.6 58, 9 97.0 99.4 99.2 96.9 78.4 35. 4 12.8 5. I I.9

1957

1958 53, 6

54.8

60.2 97.4 99. 5 99. 5 97. 1 80. 5 34.9 14.0 5.5 I. ?.

1959 55.5

63.8 97. 3 99. 5 99.5 96.9 80.6 37.6 13.4 5.7 2.2

1960 56.4

62.9 97.5 99.4 99. 4 97. 5 82.9 36.8 12. 7 5.1 2.2

1961 56.8

63, 7 98.0 99.6 99. 5 97.8 82.6 38.4 13. 1 4.9 2.4 66. 3 97, 4 99. 4 99. 3 97.6 83.6 38. 0 13. 7 4.4 2.0

1963

1962 57.8

58.5

66.8 97.9 99.2 99.3 98.0 84.3 41.8 15.6 5.0 2.6

1964 58. 7

67.8 97.4 99, 4 99.3 98, 4 87. 1 40.9 17.3 4.9 2. 5

1965 59. 7

68. 5 98. 2 99- 0 99. 0 98, 6 87. 7 41.6 16.8 5.2 2.6

1966 60.0

70. 1 98.7 99.3 99.4 98.9 87. 4 46. 3 19.0 6.1 3. 2 72, 8 97.6 99.3 99.3 98.6 88. 5 47.2 19.9 6.5 2.7

1968

1967 60.2

60.0

75.0 98.4 99.4 99.1 98.2 88.8 47.6 22.0 6.6 4.0 74.9 98.3 99. 1 99. 1 98.0 90.2 50.4 21.4 7.0 3.9

I Includes children enrolled in kindergarten.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. "Current Population Reports," Series P-20, Nos. 162 and 167; and unpublished data.

4
Table 5.-Number of teachers 1 in elementary and secondary schools, and in- structional staff members 2 in institutions of higher education: United States, 1929-30 to 1963-64

Level of institution, by type of school

1929-30 1939-40 1949-.50 1959-60 196344

Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women Men Women

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 All levels 216,215 111,151 291, 331 191,192 367, 496 161,012 657,106 1, 173,550 123, 493 1, 335, 711

Elementary and secondary schools 154, 983 795,178 212, 084 769,182 221, 635 823, 590 430, 436 1,119, 314 537, 217 1, 270, 403

Elementary schools (including kindergartens)3 ..... .. 68,705 633,819 70,187 569,860 58,407 607,258 124,566 828,865 139,620 911,986

Public 67, 239 573,718 67,140 508,060 52,925 536,653 117,616 716,156 131,470 775,136

Nonpublic 41, 466 4 60,101 3, 047 61, 800 3 5, 482 3 70, 605 3 6, 950 3 112, 709 3 8, 150 3136, 850

Secondary schools (including junior, senior, juniorsenior, and regular high schools)3 82, 689 152, 405 138, 384 192, 023 158, 536 207, 741 299, 239 277, 921 390, 207 345, 161

Public_ 74, 532 138, 774 126, 837 173, 440 142, 043 182, 050 275, 054 246, 132 356, 497 304, 871

Nonpublic 9 8,157 4 13,631 11, 547 18, 583 316, 493 3 25, 691 3 24,185 3 31, 789 3 33, 710 3 40, 290

Miscellaneous elementary and secondary schools:

Subcollegiate departments of colleges 1, 564 1, 251 1,968 1,753 3,031 2,785 3,973 5,739 3,270 4,146

Publicly controlled 339 246 524 369 1,447 1,651 2,222 3, 935 1, 823 2, 839

Privately controlled 1, 225 1, 005 1,444 1,384 1,584 1,134 1,751 1,804 1, 447 1, 307

Residential schools for exceptional children 6 1, 578 6 6, 571 7 1,107 7 4, 599 11,148 14,771 31, 900 s 5,600 193,540 7 0 7, 840

Federal schools for Indians 447 1,132 438 947 1 513 7 1, 035 7 758 71,189 7 580 7 1, 270

Higher education ID 61, 292 23, 580 86, 247 30, 570 145, 861 44, 492 227, 270 54, 236 286, 236 69, 306

Publicly controlled 25,401 12,904 35,702 14,311 66,462 21,245 116, 836 27,705 157,840 38,202

Privately controlled 35,891 10, 676 50,545 16,259 79,399 23,247 110,434 26, 531 128, 396 31, 1 04

1 Number of teaching positions: includes librarians and guidance and psychological personnel when not separately reported; excludes supervisors and principals.

= Includes faculty for resident instruction in degree-credit courses; excludes

faculty engaged in administration, research, extension work, etc.

3 Excludes subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education, residential schools for exceptional children, and Federal schools.

Data for 1927-28.

s Estimated.

0 Data for 1926-27.

7 Distribution by sex estimated.

Data for 1945-46.

9 Data for February 1963.

io Beginning in 195940, data are for the first term of the academic year,

NOTE.-Beginning in 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Biennial Survey of Education in the United States"; "Statistics of State School Systems", "Faculty and Other Professional Staff in Institutions of Higher Education"; and unpublished data.

Table 6.-Estimated number of classroom teachers in elementary and secondary schools, and total instructional

staff for resident degree-credit courses in institutions of higher education: United States, fall 1968 and 1969 1

(Full-time and part-time teachers and staff/

Level of instruction and type of control Fall 1968 Fall 1969 Level of instruction and type of control Fall 1968 Fall 1969

1 2 3 1 2 3

Total elementary, secondary, and higher education 2 2,123,000 2,115,000 Public

Nonpublic

1,091,000

153, 000

1, 095, 000

152, 000

Public 2, 294, 000 2, 347, 000

Nonpublic 429, 000 428, 000 Secondary classroom teachers in regular and other

schools 2 955,000 992,000

2, 199, 000 2, 243, 000

Elementary and secondary classroom teachers in regular

and other schools 2 Public 868, 000 904, 000

Nonpublic 87, 000 88,000

Public 1, 959, 000 2, 003, 000

Nonpublic 240, 000 240, 000 Higher education instructional staff for resident degreecredit courses (first term) 3 524, 000 532, 000

Elementary classroom teachers in regular and other Public 335, 000 344, 000 schools 2_ 1,244, 000 1,251, 000

Nonpublic 189, 000 1 000

1 The 1968 figures for nonpublic and other elementary and secondary schools and

for institutions of higher education, and all 1969 figures are estimates. Data for

nonpublic elementary and secondary schools are not as nearly complete as those for

public schools; consequently, the estimates for nonpublic schools are not as

reliable as those for public schools or for higher education. The estimates for

1969 are derived from expected enrollment increases combined with the long-term

trend in pupil-teacher ratios.

2 The figures for elementary and secondary schools include elementary and secondary classroom teachers in regular public and nonpublic schools and other schools,

such as Federal schools for Indians, federally operated schools on posts, subcol5

legiate departments of colleges, and residential schools for exceptional chiWren

In 1968, the number of such teachers is estimated to be 12,000 in public and 2,000

in nonpublic elementary schools, and 4,000 in public and 3,000 in nonpublic

secondary schools. 3 Includes full-time and part-time staff with rank of instructor or above, and

junior instructional staff, such as graduate assistants, for resident instruction in

degree-credit courses.

SOURCE: Surveys and estimates of the National Center for Educational Statistics,

Office of Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
Table 7.-Number of local basic administrative units (school districts), and

number of schools of specified types, by State: 1965-66

State

Public school systems Nonpublic schools Institutions of Schools of

higher education I nursing not

affiliated with

Second- colleges and

ary I Public Private universities

Number of Elementary schools Secondary Elemenschool schools: tary

districts Total One-teacher

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Rani Stabs 3 21,113 73,211 1,411 21,517 15,340 4,101 121 1.411 113

Alabama 119 1,676 60 1,131 136 39 19 18 12

Alaska 29 209 44 58 21 11 1 2 0

Arizona

Arkansas

308

410

566

887

26

25

104

571

116

72

30

22

9a

2

11 5

California 1,357 5,403 143 1,088 1,275 389 94 as 18

Colorado 184 831 29 394 162 56 13 8

Connecticut_ 178 842 4 242 258 129 11 30 16

Delaware 59 129 2 60 43 15 2 2 7 District of Columbia 1 140 44 54 35 1 21 4

Florida 67 1, 421 13 593 304 101 29 20 5

Georgia 195 1,563 3 640 87 42 22 29 13

Hawaii 1 161 69 67 28 1 3 2

Idaho 117 388 19 230 55 9 5 4 1

Illinois 1, 354 3, 437 3 1,118 1,052 195 26 so

Indiana 442 1,739 5 661 412 72 5 37

89

16

Iowa 984 1,495 10 715 359 89 19 32 21

Kansas 1, 500 1,646 163 4604 200 43 22 24 18

Kentucky 200 1,679 422 372 257 74 8 30 11 Louisiana 67 1,222 6 663 317 120 10 1 2 7 Maine 397 807 96 197 68 53 7 15 5

Maryland 24 887 11 306 268 120 20 24 17

Massachusetts 392 1,882 4 654 501 267 25 78 49

Michigan

Minnesota

1,150

1,439

13, 370

2,112

318

748

1 1,130

609

763

485

29353 29

17

45

32

21

17

Mississippi 149 872 9 518 89 40 25 18 5

Missouri 1,028 1, 522 138 4 794 495 115 17 48 19

Montana 906 927 382 187 74 19 a 3 4

Nebraska 2,546 2,442 1, 413 457 243 63 11 13 11

Nevada 17 179 20 59 19 3 1 o o New Hampshire 199 378 18 97 87 50 6 11 8

New Jersey 594 1,775 1 403 601 177 11 31 35

New Mexico 91 472 16 199 94 32 7 3 1 New York 997 3,204 6 55 1,395 1,679 517 59 135 89

North Carolina 169 1,407 1 757 125 49 19 44 27

North Dakota 603 522 271 301 67 24 10 3 6

Ohio 738 3,107 4 1,074 703 172 12 65 50

Oklahoma 1,049 1,554 106 943 86 29 23 12 8

Oregon 409 989 27 305 141 40 15 18 3

Pennsylvania 7 863 3,649 33 1,064 1,197 330 16 116 94

Rhode Island 40 287 1 77 122 57 3 11 5

South Carolina 108 953 430 71 30 8 25 9

South Dakota 2,388 1,801 1,258 263 88 29 7 a 6

Tennessee 152 1,750 92 548 125 59 8 40 12

Texas 1,336 3,681 :0 2,137 559 137 52 45 23

Utah 40 406 6 169 22 11 5 4 3

Vermont 262 327 28 81 29 26 5 12 2

Virginia 130 1, 522 28 482 178 93 13 35 22

Washington 378 1,143 6 38 504 225 81 21 12 9

West Virginia 55 1,437 213 362 55 20 11 10 9

Wisconsin 572 2,056 8 4 600 814 114 31 31 19

Wyoming 190 362 121 138 20 5 6 0 0

U.S. Service Schools. 8

Outlying was:

American Samoa 1 26 4 5

Can al Zone 1 6 1 1 o Guam 1 219,1 8 7 8 1 o Puerto Rico

Virgin Islands

11 1,609

28

476

2

425

2

11110

70

6

1

1 4o

8o

I includes universities, liberal arts colleges, teachers colleges and other independent professional schools, and junior colleges.

3 Includes regular 4-year high schools, junior high schools, senior high schools,

and junior-senior high schools.

3 Includes 24,446 operating and 2,537 nonoperating districts.

4 Excludes vocational high schools not reported as part of the regular school

system.

s Estimated by the Office of Education.

6 Data for the 1963-64 school year.

6

7 In those instances where 2 or more school distckts have organized into jointures

for purposes of operating, schools, the larger operating unit (jointure) is the administrative unit counted here.

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of State School Systems, 1965-66"; "Statistics of Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1965 -66 "; and "Opening Fall Enrollment in

Higher Education, 1965." National League for Nursing, "State-Approved Schools

of Professional Nursing, 1966."
Table 8.-Estimated retention rates,1 5th grade through college entrance,

in public and nonpublic schools: United States, 1924-32 to 1959-67

School year pupils entered 5th grade

Retention per 1,000 pupils who entered 5th grade High

school

graduates

Year of

high

school

graduation

First

time

college

students

5th

grade

6th

grade

7th

grade

8th

grade

9th

grade

10th

grade

11th

grade

12th

grade

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1924-25

1926-27

1928-29

1930-31

1932-33

1934-35

1936-37

1938-39

1940-41

1942-43

1944-45

1946-47

1948-49

1950-51

1952-53

1954-55

1956-57

1958 -593

1959 -603

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1, 000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

1,000

911

919

939

943

935

953

954

955

968

954

952

954

984

981

974

980

985

985

990

798

824

847

872

889

892

895

908

910

909

929

945

956

968

965

979

984

978

983

741 754

805

824

831

842

849

853

836

847

858

919

929

921

936

948

948

960

976

612

677

736

770

786

803

839

796

807

781

848

872

863

886

904

915

930

940

966

470

552

624

652

664

711 704

655

697

713

748

775

809

795

835

855

906

871

928

3

48534

498

529

570

610

554

532

566

604

650

6706 41 709

746

759

790

838

853

344

400

432

463

510

512

425

444

507

539

549

583

619

632

667

684

728

782

785

302

333

378

417

455

467

393

419

481

505

522

553

581

582

621

642

676

717

721

1932

1934

1936

1938

1940

1942

1944

1946

1948

1950

1952

1954

191956 58

1960

1962

1964

1966

1967

118

129

148

137

160

129

121

2)

205

234

283

301

308

328

343

362

394

400

1 Rates for the 5th grade through high school graduation are based on enrollments

in successive grades in successive years in public elementary and secondary schools

and are adjusted to include estimates for nonpublic schools. Rates for first-time

college enrollment are based on data supplied to the Office of Education by institutions of higher education.

2 Retention rates not calculated because of the influx of veterans in institutions

of higher education.

3 Preliminary data.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Biennial Survey of Education in the United States," chapters on Statistical

Summary of Education; and unpublished data available in the Office of Education.

Table 9.-Level of school completed by persons 25 years old and over and 25 to 29 years old, by color: United States,

1910 to 1968

Color, age, and date

Percent, by level of school

completed Median

school

years com- pleted

Color, age, and date

Percent, by level of school

completed Median

school

years

com- pleted

Less than 4 years

5 years of of high

elemen- school

tary schoo; or more

4 or more

years of

college

Less than 4 years

5 years of of high

elemen- school

tary school or more

4 or more

years of

college

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5

WHITE AND NONWHITE

25 to 29 years old:

25 years old and over: 19201 12.9 22. 0 4. 5 8. 5

19101 23.8 13.5 2.7 8. 1 April 1940 3.4 41.2 6.4 10.7

1920 1 22.0 16.4 3.3 8.2 April 1950 3.2 55.2 8. 1 12. 2

1930 1 17,5 19.1 3. 9 8.4 April 1960 2.2 63.7 11.8 12.3

April 1940 13.5 24. 1 4.6 8.6 March 1964 1.6 72.1 13.6 12.5

April 1950 10.8 33.4 6. 0 9.3 March 1966 1.4 73.8 14.7 12.5

April 1960 8.3 41.1 7.7 10.5 March 1968 .9 75.3 15.6 12.6

March 1964 7. 1 48. 0 9. 1 11.7

March 1966 6.5 49.9 9.8 12.0

March 1968 5.9 52.6 10.5 12. 1 NONWHITE

25 to 29 years old:

April 1940 5.9 37.8 5.8 10.4

April 1950 4.6 51.7 7.7 12. 1 25 years old and over:

April 1960 2.8 60.7 11. 1 12.3 April 1940 41.8 7.7 1.3 5.7

March 1964 2. 1 69.2 12.8 12.4 April 1950 31.4 13.4 2.2 6.9

March 1966 1.6 71.0 14.0 12.5 April 1960 23.5 21.7 3.5 8.2

March 1968 1.1 73.2 14.7 12.5 March 1964 18.6 27.5 4.7 8.9

March 1966 18.0 29. 5 4.7 9.2

WHITE March 1968 .. 17.3 32. 5 5. 5 9.5

25 to 29 years old:

25 years old and over: 1920 1 44.6 6.3 1.2 5.4

April 1940 10.9 26. 1 4.9 8. 7 April 1940 26.7 12. 1 1.6 7. 1

April 1950 8.7 35. 5 6.4 9.7 April 1950 15.4 23.4 2. 8 8.7

Apvil 1960 6.7 43.2 8. 1 10.8 April 1960 7.2 38.6 5.4 10.8

March 1964 5.8 50.3 9.6 12.0 March 1964 5.3 48.0 7. 0 11.8

March 1966 5.2 52.2 10.4 12. 1 March 1966 3.3 50.4 8.3 12.0

March 1968 4.6 54.9 11.0 12. 1 March 1968 2.8 57.6 7.9 12.2

1 Estimates based on retrojection of 1940 census data on education by age.

NOTE: Prior to 1950, data exclude Alaska and Hawaii.

7

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "1960 Census

of Population," Vol. 1, Part 1; "Current Population Reports," Series P-20, Nos.

138, 158, and 182; Series P-19, No. 4; and 1960 Census Monograph, "Education

of the American Population," by John K. Folger and Charles B. Nam.
Table 10.-Occupation of employed persons 18 years old and over, by level of school completed, sex, and color: United States, March 1968

Sex, color, and occupation

1 BOTH SEXES

All occupational groups

Professional, technical, and kindred

workers

Managers, officials, and proprietors,

except farm

Clerical and kindred workers

Sales workers

Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred

workers

Operatives and kindred workers_ _ _ Private household workers

Service workers, except private

household 2 Farmers, farm managers, laborers,

and foremen

Laborers, except farm and mine.. _ MEN

White

All occupational groups

Professional, technical, and kindred

workers

Farmers and farm managers

Managers, officials, and proprietors,

except farm

Clerical and kindred workers

Sales workers

Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred

workers

Operatives and kindred workers__ _ Service workers, including private

household

Farm laborers and foremen

Laborers, except farm and mine_ _ _ Nonwhite

All occupational groups

Professional, technical, and kindred

workers

Farmers and farm managers

Managers, officials, and proprietors,

except farm

Clerical and sales workers

Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred

workers

Operatives and kindred workers_ _ _ Service workers, including private

household

Farm laborers and foremen

Laborers, except farm and mine_ _ _ WOMEN

White

All occupational groups

Professional, technical, and kindred

workers

Farmers and farm managers,

laborers and foremen

Managers, officials, and proprietors,

except farm

Clerical workers

Sales workers

Craftsmen, operatives, and laborers,

except farm and mine

Private household workers

Service workers, except private

household

Percent, by level of school

completed

Less than 4 or more

8 years years 4 or more

of ele- of high years of

mentary school college

school 2 3 4

9.3 62.7 12.8 12.3

Median

school

years

completed

5

. 4 96.2 59.4 16.3

4.3 76.2 20.2 12.7

1.2 83.6 4.7 12.6

2.6 75.3 10.7 12.6

10.9 50.8 1.6 12.0

15.8 40.5 .7 11.0

32.3 23.5 .7 8.8

13.8 46.6 1.4 11.6

25.6 34.0 2.2 9.1

25.0 30.1 .7 9.8

8.8 62.3 14.1 12.4

. 5 95.6 60.0 16.5

16.5 40.0 2.7 10.0

3.8 77.6 22.3 12.8

2.6 76.2 8.7 12.6

2.3 80.6 16.4 12.8

10.3 51.7 1.6 12.0

13.8 43.7 .7 11.3

14.6 50.3 2.5 12.0

37.1 23.8 1.7 8.6

20.2 33.3 .9 10.1

27.2 39.3 6.2 10.7

1.6 95.3 60.6 16.5

68.7 10.1 (3)

14.1 57.0 18.8 12.3

6.4 69.9 7.9 12.5

VIII9 ()

23.0 35.3 .6 10.5

27.3 34.6 .5 10.4

27.7

64.2

38.5

35.5 1.3 10.3

11.6 3 21.7 .3 8. 9

5.4 69.8 11.1 12.4

.1 97.3 57.5 16.4

12.2 45.1 2.3 11.2

4.1 72.6 9.7 12.5

. 7 86.7 3.2 12.6

2.7 67.3 2.0 12.3

14.8 36.5 .7 10.7

22.4 32.3 1.0 9.5

9.2 47.8 .9 11.8

I Includes persons reporting no school years completed.

'I Includes a small number of male private household workers. 3 Data not available.

8

Sex, color, and occupation

1 Nonwhite

All occupational groups

Professional and managerial

workers 4 Clerical and sales workers

Craftsmen, operatives, and laborers,

except farm and mine

Private household workers

Service workers, except private

household

Percent, by level of school

completed

Median

Less than 4 or more school

8 years years 4 or more years of ele- of high years of completed

mentary school college

school I

2 3 4 5

19.1 48.6 8.4 11.8 3.6 89.9 59.4 16.5

1.4 84.7 5.4 12.6

17.1 41.1 1.0 11.2

42.0 14.8 .3 8.4

18.7 39.8 .7 11.0

4 Includes professional and technical workers, and managers, officials, and

proprietors, except farm.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, "Monthly

Labor Review," February 1969.

FOR EVERY 10 PUPILS IN THE 5th GRADE IN 1959-60

9.7 ENTERED THE 9th GRADE IN 1963-64

Re Re Re te Re Re Re Re Re

8.5 ENTERED THE 11th GRADE IN 1965-66

fitiftfit

7.2 GRADUATED FROM HIGH SCHOOL IN 1967

/Fr lir

40 ENTERED COLLEGE IN FALL 1967

Wt. 11

2.0 ARE LIKELY TO EARN 4-YEAR DEGREES IN 1971

-91

1111

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, Digest of Educational Statistics, table 8.

Figure 2.-Estimated retention rates, fifth grade

through college graduation: United States,

1959 to 1971
Table 11.-Median school years completed by persons 25 years old and over, by State: 1960

State

Median school years completed

State

Median school years completed

Total

White Nonwhite

Total

White Non -

Both white

sexes Male Female Both

sexes Male Female

1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6

United States 10.6 10.3 10.9 10.9 8.2

Missouri 9.6 9.3 9.9 9.8 8.7

Alabama 9. 1 8.9 9.3 10.2 6. 5 Montana 11.6 10.7 12.1 11.7 8.7

Alaska 12.1 12.1 12.2 12.4 6.6 Nebraska 11.6 10.9 12.0 11.7 9.6

Arizona 11.3 11.0 11.6 11.7 7.0 Nevada 12.1 12.0 12.2 12.2 8.8

Arkansas 8.9 8.7 9.1 9.5 6.5 New Hampshire 10.9 10.5 11.3 10.9 11.7

California 12.1 12.0 12.1 12. 1 10.5

New Jersey 10.6 10.6 10.7 10.8 8.8

Colorado 12.1 11.9 12.1 12.1 11.2 New Mexico 11.2 11.0 11.5 11.5 7.1

Connecticut 11.0 10.8 11.3 11.1 9.1 New York 10.7 10.6 10.7 10.8 9.4

Delaware 11.1 10.8 11.3 11.6 8.4 North Carolina 8.9 8.5 9. 5 9.8 7.0

District of Columbia 11.7 11.3 11.9 12.4 9.8 North Dakota 9.3 8.9 10.8 9.3 8.4

Florida 10.9 10.6 11.1 11.6 7.0

Ohio 10.9 10.6 11.1 11.0 9.1

Georgia 9.0 8.8 9.3 10.3 6.1 Oklahoma 10.4 10.1 10.7 10.7 8.6

Hawaii 11.3 11.0 11.6 12.4 9.9 Oregon_ 11.8 11.2 12.1 12.8 9.9

Idaho 11.8 11.2 12.1 11.8 9.6 Pennsylvania 10.2 10.0 10.4 10.3 8.9

Illinois 10.5 10.4 10.6 10.7 9.0 Rhode Island 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 9. 5

Indiana 10.8 10.5 11.0 10.9 9.0

South Carolina 8.7 8.4 9.1 10.3 5.9

Iowa 11.3 10.4 12.0 11.3 9.5 South Dakota 10.4 9.0 11.6 10.5 8.6

Kansas 11.7 11.2 12.0 11.8 9.6 Tennessee 8.8 8.6 9.0 9.0 7. 5

Kentucky 8.7 8. 5 8.8 8.7 8. 2 Texas 10.4 10.1 10.7 10.8 8.1

Louisiana 8.8 8.6 9.0 10. 5 6.0 Utah 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 10.1

Maine 11.0 10.5 11.5 11.0 10.7

Vermont 10.9 10.0 11.6 10.9 10.5

Maryland 10.4 10.2 10.6 11.0 8.1 Virginia_ 9.9 9.2 10.5 10.8 7.2

Massachusetts 11.6 11.3 11.8 11.6 10.3 Washington 12.1 11.8 12.1 12.1 10.5

Michigan 10.8 10.4 11.1 11.0 9.1 West Virginia .,, _ 8.8 8.7 8.9 8.8 8.4

Minnesota 10.8 9.9 11.6 10.8 9.1 Wisconsin 10.4 9.8 10.9 10.4 9.0

Mississippi 8.9 8.6 9.3 11.0 6.0 Wyoming 12.1 11.6 12.2 12.1 9.3

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "U.S. Census of Population : 1960," PC(1)1C.

Table 12.-Percent of population 25 years old and over with at least 4 years of

high school and with at least 4 years of college, by State: 1960

4 years of 4 years of

State high school college or more or more

1 2 3 United States 41.1 1.1

Alabama 30.4 5.7

Alaska 54.7 9. 5

Arizona 45.7 9. 1

Arkansas 28.9 4.8

California 51. 5 9.8

Colorado 52.0 10.7

Connecticut 43.9 9. 5

Delaware 43.4 10. 1

District of Columbia 47.8 14. 3

Florida 42.6 7.8

Georgia 31.9 6.2

Hawaii 46. 1 9.0

Idaho 48.6 7.2

Illinois , 40.4 7.3

Indiana 41.8 6.3

Iowa 46.3 6.4

Kansas 48.2 8.2

Kentucky 27.6 4. 9

Louisiana 32.3 6.7

Maine 43.3 5.5

Maryland 40.0 9. 3

Massachusetts 47.0 8.8

Michigan 40.9 6.8

Minnesota 43.9 7.5

Mississippi 29.8 5.6

State

1

4 years of 4 years of

high school college or more or more

2 3 Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York_

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

36.6

47.8

47.7

53.3

42.9

40.7

45.4

40.8

32. 3

38.9

42.0

40. 5

48.4

38. 1

35.0

30.4

42. 1

30. 4

39.6

55.8

42.8

37.9

51. 5

30. 5

41.6

52. 1

6.2

7. 5

6.8

8. 3

7. 1

8.4

9. 8

8.9

6. 3

5.6

7.0

7.9

8. 5

6, 4

6.6

6.9

5.7

5. 5

8.0

10.2

7. 3

8.4

9. 3

5. 2

6.7

8. 7

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "U.S. Census of Population : 1960," PC(1)C Series.

9
Table 13.Number of persons 25 years old and over with less than 5' years of school completed, by State and by color: 1960

(Numbers in thousands(

Resident population 25 years old and over

White and nonwhite White Nonwhite

Slate

Total

Persons with less than

5 years of school

completed

Total

Persons with less than

5 years of school

completed

Total

Persons with less than

5 years of school

completed

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

United SUtes..... 99, 439 I, 302. 6 I. 3 19, 511 5, M. 7 6. 7 9,157 1, 313. 9 13.5

Alabama. _ I, 670 ..

273, 0

____ 16, 3 1, 232 115.4. ___ . 9, 4 4ii _........... 157, 6 --.......... 36.0

Alaska 105 8, 6 8, 2 86 I. I 1.3 19 7, 5 39, 5

661 66, 3 10, 0 609 46, 7 7, 7 52 19, 6 37.7

Arkansas 964 148, 2 15, 4 786 83, 8 10, 6 178 64,6 36, 3

California,.,. - . _ ... 8, 869 505. 0 5, 7 8, 221 427, 3 5, 2 648 77,8 12, 0

Colorado .......... .... 941 44,1 4, 7 914 41, 9 4, 6 27 2.2 8. 1

Connecticut I, 482 93, 4 6, 3 1 427 87, 1 6. 1 55 6.4 II. 6

Delaware ....... ....... . 246 16, 3 6, 6 215 9.8 4, 6 31 6, 5 21, 0

District of Columbia 461 33, 2 7, 2 239 8, 3 3, 5 222 24, 8 II. 2

Florida 2, 845 261, 4 9, 2 2, 427 128, 8 5, 3 418 132, 6 31, 7

Georgia 2, 015 355, 3 17, 6 I, 511 155, 2 10, 3 504 200, 1 39, 7

Hawaii ......... ,....... . 309 46, 4 15.0 96 5.0 5.2 213 41, 4 19, 4

Idaho 340 II, 2 3, 3 336 10.5 3, I 4 .7 17. 5

Illinois 5, 808 365, 4 6.3 5, 267 290.7 5.5 541 74.6 13, 8

Indiana 2, 550 123, 8 4.9 2, 413 105, 6 4, 4 137 18.2 13. 3

Iowa 1,541 46, 2 3.0 1,527 44.5 2.9 14 1.7 12. 1 Kansas 1,216 44, 7 3, 7 1,166 38.8 3.3 50 5.8 11.6

Kentucky I 610 222, 5 13.8 I, 494 195.0 13.1 116 27.6 23.8

Louisiana

, 1, 348, 8 21, 3 I, 175 159.0 13.5 464 189, 8 40, 9

Maine 534 25, 0 4.7 532 24, 8 4.7 2 .2 10.0

Maryland 1,693 129, R 7, 7 1,436 79, 2 5. 5 257 50, 6 19.7

Massachusetts 3,011 180. 1 6, 0 2 946 173, 8 5.9 65 6.3 9.7

Michigan 4,217 244, 3 5, 8 3, 845 195.6 5. 1 372 48.7 13,1

Minnesota 1, 845 74.3 4.0 I, 825 72.6 4, 0 20 1.7 8. 5

Mississippi I, 065 200.7 18.8 682 48.7 7, 1 383 151.9 39.7

Missouri. 2, 493 175,8 7.1 2, 289 140.8 6.2 204 35.1 17. 2

Montana 356 14.6 4, 1 347 13.3 3.8 9 1.4 15.6

Nebraska 791 28, 6 3, 6 773 26.8 3.5 18 1.8 10.0

Nevada 160 6.2 3, 9 150 4.4 2.9 10 I, 8 18.0

New Hampshire 345 15, 1 4, 4 344 15.0 4.4 1 . 1 10. 0

New Jersey 3, 600 250.8 7.0 3, 327 210.7 6.3 273 40. 1 14.7

New Mexico 445 54.0 12.2 417 42.9 10.3 28 11. 1 39.6

New York_.....,... 10, 124 785.0 7.8 9 300 687. 4 7.4 824 97.6 II. 8

North Carolina 2,307 380, I 16.5 1 811 221.5 12.2 496 158.5 32.0

North Dakota 324 19.4 6.0

, 319 18.7 5.9 5 .7 14.0

Ohio 5,378 292. 4 5.4 4, 969 233. 1 4.7 409 59.2 14. 5

Oklahoma 1 III. 6 8.6 I, 196 90.8 7.6 104 20, 8 20.0

Oregon 996 33, 0 3, 3 978 30.7 3. 1 18 2.3 12. 8

Pennsylvania 6, 606 453.2 6.9 6 148 386.8 6.3 458 66.4 14. 5

Rhode Island 498 37.0 7, 4 489 36.0 7, 4 9 I, 0 11. 1 South Carolina I, 136 230.8 20.3 802 93.1 II. 6 334 137.7 41.2

South Dakota 360 14.7 4. 1 349 13.6 3.9 11 I. 1 10.0

Tennessee 1,912 282.1 14.8 1 626 202.6 12, 5 286 79.5 27.8

Texas 5,031 672.2 13.4 4,443 533.5 12.0 588 138.8 23.6

Utah 419 11.7 2.8 412 10.3 2.5 7 1.5 21.4

Vermont 213 8.1 3.8 212 8.0 3.8 (2) (2) (2) Virginia 2,083 273. 5 13. 1 1.687 156.9 9.3 396 116.6 29.4

Washington I, 577 53.8 3.4 I, 528 48. 1 3. 1 49 5.8 II. 8

West Virginia I, 000 109.8 11.0 954 99.0 10.4 46 10.8 23.5

Wisconsin. 2, 175 115.0 5.3 2, 135 110.1 5.2 40 4.9 12.2

Wyoming 174 6.3 3.6 171 6.0 3.5 3 .3 10.0

Includes institutional population but excludes Armed Forces overseas.

2 Fewer than 500 persons. Percentage not computed.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals,

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "U.S. Census of

Population: 1960," PC(1)C Series.
Table 14.Illiteracy of the population, by State: 1900 to 1960

State

Number

illiterate

percent illiterate

State

Number

illiterate

Percent illiterate

1960 1 1960t 1930 1900 1960 1960 I 1930 1900

1 2 3 4 5 1 2. 3 4

WINN . 3, 055,000 2, 4 4. 8 11.3 Missouri-- ... 52, 000 1, 7 2, 5 7, 0

Montana ..... . . ... 5,000 1.0 1,9 6,6

Alabama_.. 93, 000 A, 2 14, 0 35. I Nebraska..., ... ... . 9, 000 .9 1, 3 2, 6

Alaska ...... , . _ 5,000 3, 0 20, 5 40, 6 Nevada 2, 000 1.1 4, 8 13.8

Arizona 33, 000 3,8 11,0 30.0 New Hampshire 6,000 1.4 3,0 6,7

Arkansas......

California... _.. . Colorado....

45,000

203, 000

15, 000

3,6

1.8

1,3

7,6

2,8

3.1

21,3

5,3

4, 5

New Jersey

New MeXico

New York

99,000

24, 000

355, 000

2, 2

4, 0

2, 9

4, 3

14, 9

4, 1

6, 5

35, 7

6,1

Connecticut...

Delaware

41, 000

6, 000

2, 2

1, 9

5.1

4.4

6.5

13, 2

North Carolina.....

North Dakota__

125, 000

6, 000

4.

1, 4

11, 5

1.7

30,1

6, 1

District of Columbia_ 11, 000 1,9 1, 7 9.4

92, 000 2, 6 7, 7 23.4 Ohio 99, 000 1, 5 2, 5 4, 5

Oklahoma 32, 000 1, 9 3,1 11.7

Georgia 120, 000 4, 5 10, 4 32,1 Oregon 10, 000 .8 1, 1 3, 7

Hawaii 21, 00P r. 0 17.5 35, 2 Pennsylvania 166, 000 2, 0 3.5 6.9

Idaho. 4,000 , 8 1, 2 5,1 Rhode Island 15, 000 2.4 5.5 9, 2

Illinois.. _ _ .... 128,000 1, 8 2, 7 4, 8

Indiana 40,000 1,2 1,8 5,2 South Carolina 87, 000 5, 5 16, 7 37, 4

South Oakota ....... ... 4, 000 ,9 1,4 5,8

Iowa.-- 14,000 .7 .9 2,7 Ten nessee... 88, 000 3, 5 8, 0 21, 9

Kansas__ . .. ___ 14, 000 , 9 1, 4 3, 3 Texas 272, 000 4, 1 7.3 15.6

Kentucky. 70, 000 3, 3 7, 3 18,1 5, 000 .9 1.4 3, 6

Louisiana 137, 000 6, 3 15,1 39.6

Maine 9, 000 1, 3 3, 0 5, 5 Vermont..... 3, 000 1, 1 2.4 6, 4

Virginia 94, 000 3, 4 9, 7 24, 3

Maryland 41, 000 1, 9 4, 2 12,1 Washington ... -. - 18, 000 , 9 1. 1 3, 4

Massachusetts.... .. _ .. . 83, 000 2, 2 4, 0 6, 5 West Virginia 35, 000 2.7 5, 5 12, 6

Michigan 84, 000 1, 6 2, 2 4, 8 Wisconsin... . 35, 000 1.2 2,1 5, 4

Minnesota 23, 000 1, 0 1, 4 4.6 Wyoming 2, 000 , 9 1, 8 4.4

Mississippi 71, 000 4.9 14.8 34.1

Estimated. SOURCE: U,S, Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Current

Population Reports," Series P-23, No,8, NOTE: Data refer to the population 15 years old and over in 1900 and 1930,

and to the population 14 years old and over in 1960.

Table 15.Percent of draftees who failed to meet the mental requirements for

induction into the armed services, by State: 1967

State Total

Failed mehtal requirements

only Mentally

and medically disqualified

State Total

Failed mental requirements

only Mentally

and medically disTotal qualified

Failed

mental

tests

Trainability

limited

Total

Failed

mental

tests

Trainability

limited

1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6

Wilted States 10.7 9.3 7.0 2.3 1.4 Nevada 6.2 5.1 3.5 1.6 1.1

New Hampshire 2.9 1.7 1. 1 .6 1.2

Alabama 21.2 16.4 11.8 4.6 4.8

Alaska 8. 1 4.6 3.7 .9 3. 5 New Jersey 15.0 14.2 12.0 2.2 . 8

Arizona 10.0 7.7 6.1 1.6 2.3 New Mexico 7.3 6.1 4.8 1.3 1.2

Arkansas 18.1 13.7 11.9 1.8 4.4 New York 13.0 12. 1 9. 1 3.0 .9

California 7.0 6.1 4.8 1.3 .9 North Carolina 21.7 19.7 16.2 3, 5 2. 0

North Dakota 3.8 2.9 1.6 1.3 .9

Colorado 6.4 5. 5 3.2 2.3 .9

Connecticut. ._, 15.1 12.1 8.3 3.8 3.0 Ohio 7.6 6.0 3.3 2.7 1.6

Delaware 10.2 7.8 5.8 2.0 2.4 Oklahoma 6.4 5.7 3.9 1.8 .7

District of Columbia 17.9 15.6 10.5 5.1 2.3 Oregon 3.4 3.0 2.9 .1 .4

Florida 9.7 8.8 6.2 2.6 .9 Pennsylvania 5. 1 4.2 3.1 1. 1 .9

Rhode Island 3.6 2.4 1.8 .6 1.2

Georgia 14.5 13.0 10.1 2.9 1.5

liawaii 12. 1 9.6 7.0 2.6 2. 5 South Carolina 20.3 18.2 15.6 2.6 2. 1

Idaho 4.8 3.9 2.6 1.3 .9 South Dakota 2.8 2.5 1.4 1. 1 .3

Illinois 10.4 9.7 6.7 3.0 .7 Tennessee 13.0 10.0 7.2 2.8 3.0

Indiana 6.7 6.0 3.3 2.7 .7 Texas 10.4 8.3 5.9 2. 4 2. 1

Utah 2.4 2.1 .8 1.3 .3

Iowa 3.4 2.3 .8 1.5 1.1

Kansas 4.0 3.0 2.4 .6 1.0 Vermont 4.3 3. 1 2.3 .8 1.2

Kentucky 14.2 10.7 8.2 2. 5 3.5 Virginia 15.8 12.6 9.0 3.6 1 2

Louisiana 14.5 11.7 9.8 1.9 2.8 Washington 2.5 2.0 1.3 .7 .5

Maine 4.7 3.3 2.2 1.1 1.4 West Virginia 12.8 10.4 7.8 2.6 2.4

Wisconsin 4.6 4.3 2, 8 1.5 .3

Maryland 11.3 9.7 6.5 3.2 1.6 Wyoming 5.2 4.7 3.0 1.7 .5

Massachusetts 7.2 5.7 3.9 1.8 1.5

Michigan 4.6 4.1 2.9 1.2 .5 Outlying areas:

Minnesota 2.6 2.3 1.1 1.2 .3 Guam and Mariana

Mississippi 27.4 23.4 19.8 3.6 4.0 Islands 30.6 27.4 19.2 8.2 3.2

Puerto Rico, Panama Canal

Missouri 8. 1 7.3 3.9 3.4 .8 Zone, and the Virgin

Montana 3.5 2.9 1.9 1.0 .6 Islands 47. 5 44.9 39. 5 5.4 2,6

Nebraska 3.7 3.1 1.3 1.8 .6

SOURCE: U.S. Department of the Army, Office of the Surgeon General, "Results of the Examination of Youths for Military Service, 1967."

11
Table 16.-Total annual money income of persons 2S years old and over, by

years of school completed, sex, and age: United States, 1967

Sea, Income, and age

Years of school co plated Mn

scidhool

years com. plitid

Total

Elementary school Nigh school College

Total less

than 8

8 Total 1 to 3 Total 1 to 3

4 or more

4 -------

Total 4 5 or more

3 4 9 10 11 12 13 14

Number in thousands

MEN

TOsi .. 41,511 15,013 1,011 1,152 22,141 1,413 14,531 11,121 0.111 1.710 3.111 3.031 12.1

Withlacsae ............. ..... ......... 41,121 14,112 7,121 1,111 22,712 1,331 14,444 11,532 4,111 1,113 3.141 3;014 12.1

Percent distribution of men with income

Total 100, 0 100, 0 100, 0 100, 0 100, 0 100,0 100, 0 100, 0 100, 0 100, 0 100, 0 100, 0

$1 to $499 or loss

$500 to $999

1,5

3, 0

2, 6

7.1

3. 3

10, 0

1, 8

3, 8

1,2 1.7 1, 0 7 .0

1,4 1, 9 1,0 1, 0 1, 0 1,. 6

0 1., 6

0

6

,8

1,9

3, 0

$1,00C to $1,499 4,3 9.6 12, 1 6,8 2,3 3,1 1,9 1, 3 1. 6 1,1 1, 1 1.1 1, 2

$1,500 to $1,999 37, 7, 8 9, 1 6, 2, 2 3, 0 1,7 1, 3 1, 5 1,2 1, 1 1,3 3, 4

$2,000 to $2,499 4, 2 8, 3 9, 2 7, 2 2,8 3, 6 2,3 1, 9 2, 3 1, 6 1,7 1.6 9. 6

$2,500 to $2,999 3, 1 5, 8 6, 3 5,3 2,2 3,3 1, 6 1, 4 1, 8 1,2 ,8 1, 6 11, 7

$3,000 to $3,999 7, 4 12, 2 13, 3 10, 8 6, 4 8,1 5,3 3, 2 4, 2 2, 5 2, 4 2,7 9.0

$4,000 to $4,999 7, 9 10,1 9, 9 10,4 8, 5 10, 3 7.4 4,0 4,9 3.3 2.7 4,1 191,6

$5,000 to $5,999 9,9 9, 8 8,1 11,7 11, 7 12, 9 11,0 6, 4 8,3 5, 0 5.3 4.7 IL., 7

$6,000 to $6,999 10,7 8, 7 6,7 11, 0 13, 2 13, 0 13,4 8, 0 10, 3 6,4 7, 4, 9 1;1,1

$7,000 to $7,999 10.4 6, 5 4, 9 8, 3 13, 4 12, 8 13, 8 9, 5 11,8 9, 0 6. 4 12, 3

$8,000 to $9,999 13,9 6,5 4,2 9, 1 17,1 14, 3 18, 8 16, 9 19, 3 15,1 16,1 13, 8 12, 5

$10,000 to $14,999 13, 6 3, 8 2, 5.9 13, 9 9, 9 16, 2 25.7 22,6 28.0 29. 4 26, 3 12, 8

$15,000 to $24,999 4, 8 1, 0 .8 1, 2 2, 8 1, 3, 5 13, 7 7, 5 18, 3 16, 4 20, 6 16, 1

$25,000 and over 1, 6 .2 , ,4 ,9 . 6 1, 1 4, 8 2,1 6, 8 4, 7 9. 4 1.6.3

Median income

Total, all api $1,411 53.717 12,110 $1,771 $1,151 $1,157 $7.214 $1,320 $1,155 $10,555 $10,010 $11,117

25 to 34 years 6, 799 4,450 3, 794 5,151 6,613 5,922 6, 882 8,131 7, 409 8, 762 8,716 8, 830

35 to 44 years 7,636 5,146 4, 397 5,925 7, 411 6, 617 7, 827 10, 965 9,158 12, 337 11,988 12, 841 . 45 to 54 years 7, 378 5,274 4, 329 6,109 7,535 6, 944 7, 890 11, 067 9,232 13, 007 12,267 13,909

55 to 64 years 6,122 4, 536 3, 631 5, 470 6, 738 6, 356 7, 029 9, 871 8,439 11,836 10, 556 13, 548

65 years and over 2, 304 1,984 1, 764 2, 319 2, 839 2,703 3, 026 4, 566 3,746 5, 783 4, 758 6,197

Number in thousands

WOMEN

Total, 55171 15, 539 8, 003 7, 536 29,923 10, 085 19, 838 9,710 5,293 4, 417 3,264 1,152 12. 1

With Income 35,145 10,710 5,100 5,111 11,511 1,414 12,101 1,111 3,311 3,270 2,271 111 12.1

Percent distribution of women with income

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100, 0 100.0 100, 0 100. 0 100.0 100.0 100. 0 100.0

$1 to $499 or loss 13.2 15,6 17.7 13.3 12,6 13,1 12.3 11.1 12.3 9,9 11.5 6.3 11.5

$500 to $999 15.4 26.2 28.8 23,4 11.6 14.4 10.1 8.5 10.3 6.6 8.0 3.5 9. 0

$1,000 to $1,499 12,2 18.6 19.6 17, 5 10,3 13.2 8,8 7, 4 9.4 5,4 5.6 4.8 9, 7

$1,500 to 51,999 7.6 10.0 9.8 10.3 7.1 8.6 6.4 4.9 5.8 4.0 4, 8 2.3 10.6

$2,000 to $2,499 7.5 7, 5 6.8 8.4 8.3 9.4 7.7 5.0 6, 3 3.6 4.1 2.5 11.6

$2,500 to $2,999 5.6 5.1 4.5 5.7 6.4 7.4 5.8 4, 4 5, 0 3.8 4, 5 2.4 11.9

$3,000 to $3,999 12.2 9.0 7,1 10.9 15.2 14.9 15.3 9.3 10.9 7.5 8. 1 6.2 12. 1 $4,000 to $4,999 8.6 3.8 2.9 4.9 11.2 8.7 12.5 9.3 11,3 7.2 8.0 5.3 12.4

$5,000 to $5,999 6.7 1,8 1.2 2.5 8.1 5.0 9.8 10.4 10.0 10.7 11.9 8.0 12.6

$6,000 to $6,999 4.4 .9 .5 1.4 4.5 2,7 5,5 9.9 7.6 12.2 12.2 12.3 12.8

$7,000 to $7,999 2.4 .5 .3 .6 2, 0 1.0 2.6 6.7 4.0 9.4 8.1 12.5 13.2

$8,000 to $9,999 2,0 .2 .1 .3 1,3 , 6 1.7 6.8 3.4 10.4 7.9 16.1 15.5

$10,000 to $14,999 1.3 .1 .1 ,2 .7 .4 .9 4.6 2,5 6.7 3.5 14.2 15.8

$15,000 to $24,999 .6 .4 .4 .4 ,5 .5 .5 1,2 .8 1.7 1.0 3.1 12.5

$25,000 and over .2 .1 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .6 .5 .7 .8 .4 12.9

Median income

Teta!, all aps $2,101 $1,211 $1,017 $1,375 $2,501 $2,010 $2,101 $3,127 $3,013 $5,173 $4,421 $1,707

25 to 34 years 2, 616 1,655 1,650 1,660 2, 502 2,159 2,776 3, 846 3,162 4, 812 4, 559 5, 320

35 to 44 years 2, 836 1,956 1, 706 2,214 2,923 2,477 3,175 4,213 3, 512 5,189 4, 524 6,444

45 to 54 years 3, 081 1, 875 1,465 2,319 3,222 2, 481 3,503 5,190 4,127 6, 328 5, 617 7,677

55 to 64 years 2, 352 1,427 1, 190 1,786 2,729 2, 272 3, 082 4, 722 3, 539 6, 368 5, 338 7, 742

65 years and over 1,123 977 936 1, 047 1,279 1,172 1, 389 1,907 1, 588 2,697 2,167 5, 350

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Current Population Reports," Series P-60, No. 60.

12
Table 17.-Annual income of men, by age and years of

school completed : United States, 1956 to 1966

(In current dollars)

Ago, and years of school completed

1 1956

2

18 to 24 years old

Elementary:

Lass than 8 years $1, 568

8 years. 2,135

High school; 1 to 3 years 2, 201

Coil

4

ge

years 2, 686

: I to 3 years 1, 924

4 years or more

4 years s 5 years or more

1958

3 1961 1964

stmexspc2A. 5 1966 Vr.s. 4 6

$1, 468 $1, 596 $1, 931 $2, 460

1, 970 2, 239 2, 553 3, 022

2, 088 2,204 2,288 2,396

2, 655 2, 768 3, 059 3, 496

1, 967 2, 938 2, 257 2, 583

2, 916 3, 310 3, 520 4, 025

3, 381 3, 736 4 054

i (I) (I) 3,, 933

Table 18.-Lifetime income of men, by years of school completed: United States, 1956 to 1966

(In current dollars)

Years of school completed 1956 1958 1961 1964 1966

1 2 3 4 5 6

Elementary;

Income from age 18 to death

Less than 8 years $131, 432 $128,861 $151,881 $170,145 $188,659

8 years 178, 749 178, 010 205, 237 223, 946 246, 525

High school;

1 to 3 years 201,825 203,901 235,865 255,701 283,718

4 years 244,158 242, 480 273, 614 311, 462 340, 520

College:

1 to 3 years 278, 227 287, 305 335,100 355, 249 393, 969

4 years or more 372,644 401,819 454,732 478,696 541,911

4 years 363,986 432,617 459,482 507,818

5 years or more (I) 440, 404 475,116 500, 641 586, 905

25 years old and over

Elementary: Elementary:

Income from age 25 to 64

Less than 8 years 2, 574 2, 530 2, 998 3, 298 3, 520 Less than 8 years... $107,132 $105, 709 $125, 044 $138, 777 $154, 332

8 years

High school:

3,631 3, 677 4, 206 4, 520 4, 867 8

High sc

yhooears

l:

146,059 146,054 168,967 181,702 203,248

I to 3 years 4, 367 4, 452 5 161 5 653 6 294 1 to 3 years 166, 212 169, 554 193, 265 211, 342 240,184

4 years 5,183 5,257 5,946 6,738 7, 494 4 years 199,463 201,750 224,626 252,447 282,456

College:

, College:

1 to 3 years 5, 997 6, 272 7, 348 7, 907 8, 783 1 to 3 years 232, 317 244, 166 273, 309 297, 543 333, 141

4 years or more 7, 877 8,643 9,817 10,284 11,739 4 years or more 310, 597 338, 900 360,951 392, 006 450, 868

4 years 7, 565 9, 342 9,757 11,135 4 years 303, 570 350,699 372,767 429,709

5 years or more 9,178 9, 987 11, 004 12, 563 5 years or more (I) 377, 635 379,908 418, 027 478, 932

Data not available.

NOTE: These arithmetic means are estimated from sample surveys of households. They are subject to sampling variability as well as to errors of response

and nonreporting.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Current

Population Reports," Series P-60, No. 56,

1 Data not available.

NOTE: These arithmetic means are estimated from sample surveys of households.

They are subject to sampling variability as well as to errors of response and non -

reporting.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Current Population Reports," Series P-60, No. 56.

Table 19.-Receipts of educational institutions, by level of instruction, type of control, and source: United States, 1965-66

(In thousands of dollars'

Control of Institution and

source of funds All levels

Elementary and secondary education 1 Higher education 2

Total Revenue

Non - revenue Total

Educational

and general

Plant

expansion 3

Nonexpendable

funds 3

Auxiliary

enterprises

Student

aid 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Tidal $41,227,190 $32,411,661 $29,156,151 $3,330,103 $16,739,529 $10,215,252 $3,255,794 $749,509 $2039,111 $309,156

Publicly controlled 38,682, 761 28, 887,661 25, 556, 858 3, 330, 803 9, 795,100 6, 000, 292 2, 230, 848 219, 075 1, 207, 757 137,128

Government 35, 116, 817 28, 762, 381 25,431, 578 3, 330, 803 6, 354, 436 4, 566, 391 1, 580,685 102, 693 27, 106 77, 561

Federal 4, 176,796 2,196, 954 2,196, 954 1, 979, 842 1, 358, 252 463, 026 98, 083 6, 982 53, 499

State 13, 847, 542 9,920, 219 9,920, 219 3, 927, 323 2, 899, 105 979,736 4,519 19,970 23,993

Local (including

county) 17, 092, 479 16, 645, 208 13, 314, 405 3, 330, 803 447,271 309,034 137,923 91 154 69

Student fees 2,100, 020 4 83, 520 4 83, 520 2, 016, 500 850, 913 84, 736 1, 433 1, 060, 738 18, 680

Private gifts and grants__ 330,107 41,760 41, 760 288, 347 155, 378 44, 518 54, 276 3, 413 30, 762

All other sources 1,135, 817 1,135, 817 427,610 520, 909 60, 673 116, 500 10,125

Privately controlled 10, 544, 429 5 3, 600, 000 5 3,600, 000 (6) 6, 944, 429 4, 284, 960 I, 024, 946 530,434 931, 361 172, 728

Government 1,921,945 1,921,945 1,388,152 392,888 100,415 954 39,536

Federal 1, 727, 616 1,727,616 1,295,524 296,672 99,096 883 35, 441

State 185, 488 185,488 85, 209 95,119 1, 205 55 3, 900

Local (including

county) 8,841 8,841 7,419 1,097 114 16 195

Student fees 2, 705, 316 2, 705, 316 1, 818, 786 17, 699 1, 056 833, 335 34, 440

Private gifts and grants 1,140, 278 1,140, 278 485, 365 321, 392 272,797 5, 010 55, 714

All other sources 4, 776, 890 3,600, 000 3,600, 000 (6) 1, 176, 890 592,657 292,967 156,166 92,062 43, 038

1 Includes estimated income for "other" schools, such as residential schools

for exceptional children, Federal schools for Indians, and Federal schools on

Federal installations. Subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education

are included under higher education.

2 Includes subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education. Excludes

schools of nursing not affiliated with colleges and universities.

3 Includes loans. Exdudes transfers from current and other funds.

4 Tuition and transportation fees from patrons.

3 Estimated on the basis of expenditure per teacher in public elementary and

secondary schools.

13

6 Included in column 4.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of State School Systems, 1965-66", and "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education, 1965-66"; U.S. Department of the Interior,

Bureau of Indian Affairs; and unpublished data available in the Office of Education.
Elementary school:

Less than 8 years $189,000

8 years $247,000

High school:

1 to 3 years

4 years

College:

1 to 3 years

4 years

5 or more years

$284,000

$341,000

$394,000

$508,000

$100,000 $200,000 $300,000 $400,000 $500,000

$587,000

$600,000

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Lifetime Income and Educational Attainment of Males in the United States: 1956 to 1966.

EDUCATION AND INCOME

A person's income is closely related to his educational

attainment, the Bureau of the Census reports in its latest

estimates of the lifetime income of men by years of

school completed. The data indicate that from age 18

onward an average elementary school graduate can ex

pect an income of approximately $247,000; a high school

graduate, $341,000; a college graduate, $508,000; and a

person with 1 or more years of graduate study, $587,000

(see the accompanying chart). Thus an average college

graduate can look forward to half again as much income

as a high school graduate who fails to enter college. The

holder of a bachelor's degree can expect more than

twice as much remuneration as a man who leaves school

after completing the eighth grade. And a person who has

completed 5 or more years of college can anticipate an

income of more than three times that of an elementary

school dropout. Not all of these variations should be attributed directly to differences in educational attainment,

of course, but it would appear that the number of years spent in school does have an important effect upon

future earning power.

Recent trends in annual income also demonstrate the

financial advantages of a good education. While the income of all segments of the population has grown in the

past few years, the greatest increases have occurred at

the higher educational levels. Between 1961 and 1966,

for example, the income of an average male elementary

school graduate 25 years of age or over rose from about $4,200 to $4,900; a high school graduate, from $5,900

to $7,500; and a college graduate, from $9,300 to

$11,100.

Trend figures are in current dollars; that is, they do not

reflect changes in the purchasing power of the dollar.

W. VANCE GRANT, specialist in educational statistics.

Figure 3.Lifetime income of men, by years of school completed: United States, 1966

14
Table 20.-Estimated expenditures for education, by level of instruction and type

of control: United States, 1968-69 and 1969-70

(In billions of dollars]

Level of instruction and type of control

1968-69 1969-70

Current Capital

Total expenditures outlay

and interest 3

Current Capital

Total expenditures outlay

and interest 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total elementary, secondary, and higher education $61.4 $53.0 $1.4 $65.8 $57.3 $1.5

Public 49.4 42, 2 7.2 53. 1 45.6 7. 5

Nonpublic 12.0 10,8 1.2 12,7 11,7 1,0

Elementary and secondary regular and other schools 3 40,1 34.8 5. 3 43. 1 37.6 5. 5

Public 35, 8 31,1 4.7 38.5 33.6 4.9

Nonpublic 4.3 3.7 .6 4.6 4,0 .6

Higher education 21.3 18.2 3,1 22.7 19.7 3.0

Public 13.6 11.1 2.5 14.6 12.0 2.6

Nonpublic 7,7 7.1 .6 8.1 7.7 .4

Expenditures for high er. education only by typo of fund

1968-69 1969-70

Type of control and purpose of expenditures Total From current

funds

From plant

funds

Total From current

funds

From plant

funds

Higher education total 21.3 18.7 2.6 22.7 20.2 2.5

Public 13.6 11.5 2.1 14.6 12.4 2.2

Educational and general 9.2 10.0

Auxiliary enterprises and student aid 2.3 2.4

Nonpublic 7.7 7.2 .5 8.1 7.8 .3

Educational and general 5.6 6.0

Auxiliary enterprises and student aid 1.6 1.8

1 These estimates are based on data shown in the Office of Education publications, "Statistics of State School Systems," "Statistics of Higher Education," and

"Bond Sales for Public School Purposes." Expenditures of public elementary and

secondary schools for 1969-70 and all institutions of higher education for 1968-

69 and 1969-70 are derived from the increases expected from enrollment changes

combined with the trend in current expenditures per pupil. Expenditures of public

elementary and secondary schools for 1968-69 are based on estimates provided

by State departments of education and the 1969-70 figures are projections of a 10-

year trend. Capital outlay for all institutions of higher education is derived from the

1959 to 1967 additions to plant value per student combined with expected enrollment changes and adjusted by application of a moving average. All estimates of

expenditures for nonpublic and other elementary and secondary schools are based

on the assumption that expenditures per teacher (including donated services) are

the same as for the public schools. Some previous estimates of the cost of education in nonpublic schools were based on the assumption that per pupil costs in nonpublic were the same as for the public schools. Since the pupil-teacher ratio is

higher in nonpublic than in public schools, the previous estimates were higher

than those shown here.

15

2 Includes estimates for interest as follows:

(In billions of dollars]

Elementary- Higher education

secondary

1968-69

1969-70

Public Private Public Private

L=Less than 50 million.

3 Includes other elementary and secondary schools such as residential schools

for exceptional children, Federal schools for Indians, federally operated elementary

and secondary schools on posts, and subcollegiate departments of colleges. Expenditures for these schools were estimated as follows:

(In billions of dollars]

$1.0 $0. 1 $0. 1 L

1,1 .1 .1 L

Total Public Private

1968-69 $0.3 $0.2 $0. 1

1969-70 .3 .2 .1

1 Excludes an estimated expenditure of $56 million by public and $26 million by

private subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education. These amounts

were included with other elementary and secondary school expenditures.

SOURCE: Estimated by the Office of Education.
Table 21.-Estimated expenditures of educational institutions, by source

of funds: United States, 1965-66 to 1969-70

'Amounts in billions of dollars!

Source of funds, by level of institution and type of 1965-66

control

1966-67 1967-68 1968-69 1969-70

Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 All levels:

Total public and private $45. 4 100.0 $49. 8 100.0 $54. 9 100.0 $61.4 100.0 $65.8 100.0

Federal 4.9 10.8 5.5 11.1 6.2 11.3 7.2 11.7 7.9 12.0

State 13. 1 28. 8 14.3 28. 7 16. 1 29. 3 18. 3 29. 8 19. 7 29. 9

Local 15.2 33.5 16.3 32.7 17.9 32.6 20.0 32.6 21.3 32.4

All other 12.2 26.9 13.7 27. 5 14.7 26.8 15.9 25.9 16.9 25.7

Total public 35. 3 100.0 38. 9 100.0 43. 5 100.0 49. 3 100.0 53. 1 100.0

Federal 3. 5 9. 9 3.9 10.0 4. 5 10. 3 5.3 10. 7 5. 8 10. 9

State 13.0 36.8 14.2 36. 5 16.0 36.8 18.2 36.9 19.6 36.9

Local 15.2 43.1 16.3 41.9 17.9 41.2 20.0 40.6 21.3 40.1

All other 3.6 10.2 4. 5 11.6 5. 1 11.7 5.8 11.8 6.4 12. 1 Total private 10. 1 100.0 10.9 100.0 11.4 100.0 12.1 100.0 12.7 100.0

Federal 1.4 13.9 1.6 14.7 1.7 14.9 1.9 15.7 2. 1 16.5

State . 1 1.0 .1 . 9 . 1 . 9 . 1 .8 . 1 . 8

Local (I) (2) (I) (I)

All other 8.6 85. 1 9. 2 8i2.)4 9. 6 8i2.)2 1g.)1 8 2. )5 1 SI.)5 Elementary and secondary schools: 3

Total public and private 30.2 100.0 32.3 100.0 35. 8 100.0 40. 1 100.0 43. 1 100.0

Federal 2.0 6.6 2.2 6.8 2.5 7.0 2.9 7.2 3. 1 7.2

State 9.6 31.8 10.4 32.2 11.7 32.7 13.3 33.2 14. 5 33.7

Local 14. 8 49.0 15.8 48. 9 17. 4 48.6 19. 4 48. 4 20. 7 48.0

All other 3.8 12.6 3.9 12.1 4.2 11.7 4.5 11.2 4.8 11. 1

Total public '26.5 100.0 28. 5 100.0 31.7 100.0 35. 7 100.0 38. 5 100.0

Federal 2.0 7.4 2.2 7.6 2.5 7.8 2.9 8.0 3. 1 8. 1

State 9.6 36. 4 10.4 36.7 11.7 37.0 13.3 37. 3 14.5 37.6

Local 14. 8 55. 9 15.8 55.4 17.4 54. 9 19.4 54. 4 20.7 53.9

All other . 1 .3 .1 .3 .1 .3 .1 .3 .2 .4

Total private 3.7 100.0 3. 8 100.0 4. 1 100.0 4. 4 100.0 4. 6 100.0

Federal

State

Local

All other 3. 7 100.0 3. 8 100.0 4. 1 100.0 4. 4 100.0 4.6 100.0

Institutions of higher education:

Total public and private 15. 2 100.0 17. 5 100.0 19. 1 100.0 21.3 100.0 22.7 100.0

Federal 2. 9 19. 1 3.3 18.9 3.7 19.4 4.3 20.2 4. 8 21.2

State 3. 5 23. 0 3. 9 22. 3 4. 4 23. 0 5. 0 23. 5 5. 2 22. 9

Local .4 2.6 .5 2.8 .5 2.6 .6 2.8 .6 2.6

All other 8.4 55.3 9.8 56.0 '. 10. 5 55.0 11.4 53.5 12. 1 53.3

Total public 8.8 100.0 10.4 100.0. 11.8 100.0 13.6 100.0 14.6 100.0

Federal 1.5 17.1 1.7 16.7 2.0 17.2 2.4 17.7 2.7 18.2

State 3. 4 38. 5 3. 8 37. 0 4. 3 36. 4 4. 9 35. 8 5. 1 35. 3

Local .4 4.1 .5 4.4 . .5 4.3 .6 4.2 .6 4.1

All other 3.5 40.3 4.4 41.9 5.0 42. 1 5.7 42.3 6.2 42.4

Total private 6. 4 100.0 7. 1 100.0 7.3 100.0 7. 7 100.0 8. 1 100.0

Federal 1.4 21.6 1.6 22.3 1.7 23.3 1.9 24.3 2.1 25.3

State 1 1.4 . 1 1.4 . 1 1.4 . 1 1.4 . 1 1.4

Local (I) .2 (I) 4 (I) .4 (1) .4 (1) .4

All other 4. 9 76. 8 5. 4 75. 9 5. 5 74. 9 5. 7 73.9 5.9 72. 9

1 Less than $50 million.

2 Less than 0.05 percent.

3 1 n addition to regular schools, these figures include other elementary and

secondary schools, such as residential schools for exceptional children, Fedpral

schools for Indians, federally operated elementary and secondary schools on posts,

and subcollegiate departments of colleges. See footnote 3 of preceding table.

NOTE: Explanations of data are as follows:

Data sources

Data are based on statistics shown in U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Office of Education publications: "Statistics of State School Systems,"

1957-58, 1959-60, 1961-62, 1963-64, and 1965-66; "Statistics of Public Schools,"

Fall 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, and 1968; "Financial Statistics of Higher Education,"

1957-58, 1959-60, 1965-66, and 1966-67; "Higher Education Finances: Selected

Trend and Summary Data;" and unpublished data in the U.S. Office of Education.

Definitions

Total expenditures are defined as the expenditure of all money from both loans

and grants and exclude only the funds used for reducing debt. Expenditures from

Federal, State, and local sources are defined as institutional expenditures of all

grants (but not loans) of funds received from those sources. Expenditures from all

other sources include all funds received by the institutions that were not received

as a grant from Federal, State, and local governments. Loans from any source are

included in this category. (It was estimated that in 1969-70 about $168 million in

16

Federal loans to institutions of higher education was included in the all other

category shown here.)

Since the foregoing definitions are aimed at showing sources of funds through

the eyes of educational institutions, the Federal figures shown in this table are different from the ones shown in the chapter on Federal funds for education.

The three maks reasons are as follows:

(1) Different items are included. For example, the tables on Federal funds show

grants and loans to individuals which would show up in institutional accounts as

a receipt from tuition or auxiliary services; or they may be spent for board and

room outside the institution and not be a receipt of the institution from any source.

(2) The same items may be handled differently. For example, the tables on

Federal funds show only basic research for institutions of higher education, while

the institutions include some applied research grants from the Federal Government.

(3) The tablet on Federal funds frequently show obligated funds, while the

institutional figures show expenditures.

Method

The total expenditures shown here were estimated according to the method

shown in footnote 1 of the preceding table. The breakdown by source of funds was

estimated by first adjusting receipts to equate them with expenditures, and then

assuming a continuation of the trend in the amount of receipts from each source.

Equating receipts to expenditures was accomplished mainly by including loans

and excluding the receipts that were used for reduction of debt.
7

6

Percent 10.1111.

5

: I

2

1

1930 1936 1942 1948 1954 1960 1968

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare,

Office of Education, Digest of Educational Statistics, table 23.

EDUCATION AS A PERCENTAGE OF GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT

Total expenditures for public and nonpublic

schools at all levels of education from kindergarten through graduate school amounted to approximately $54.9 billion during the 1967-68 school

year. Educational expenditures have risen rapidly

in recent years, reflecting the growth of the schoolage population as well as the increased efforts of

the Nation to provide quality education for its

young people. The annual expenditure is now six

times its 1949-50 total (not allowing for changes

in the purchasing power of the dollar), and further

increases are projected for the years just ahead.

The chart measures our efforts to support education since 1929-30 by comparing expenditures

with the gross national product (GNP). The GNP,

which is calculated by the Office of Business Economics, U.S. Department of Commerce, "represents the total national output of goods and services at market prices. It measures this output in

terms of the expenditures by which the goods and

services are acquired. The expenditures comprise

purchases of goods and services by consumers

and government, gross private domestic investment, and net exports of goods and services." It

thus constitutes a convenient yardstick by which

to measure the level of educational expenditures. The percentage of the gross national product

which went for education has varied considerably

over the past generation. Educational expenditures

were relatively high in the mid-1930's, exceeding

four percent of the GNP in 1933-34. They declined

sharply to 1.8 percent of the GNP 10 years later.

The decline may be attributed, at least in part, to

the booming economy and to the curtailment of

classroom construction in the midst of World War

II. Furthermore, many persons in their late teens

and early twenties, who normally would have been

enrolled in school, were in military service or engaged in work related to the war effort. Except for

a brief period during the Korean conflict when the

annual investment in education tended to stabilize,

there has been a steady increase in the proportion

of the gross national product spent for education

ever since the end of World War II. Expenditures

in 1967-68 were at an all-time high both in terms

of actual dollars and as a percentage of the gross

national product (7.0 percent). W. VANCE GRANT, specialist in educational

statistics.

D.

Figure 4. Total expenditures for education as a percentage of gross national product: United States,

1929-30 to 1967-68

17
Table 22.-Expenditures for education, including capital outlay, ,by level of instruction and by type of control: United States, 1965-66

lin thousands of dollarsi

Expenditures, by level of instruction Total Publicly Privately

controlled controlled

1 2 3 4 All levels (elementary, seendary,

Al thev)1 345,317,713 $35,201,160 $10,151,553

Current expenditures (including interest) 38, 369, 653 29, 700, 403 8, 669, 250

Capital outlay or plant ex- pansion 7, 028, 060 ' 5, 500, 757 1, 527, 303

Elementary and secondary schools 2_ 29, 923, 026 26, 248, 026 3 3, 675, 000

Current expenditures (including interest) 25, 642, 164 22, 493, 164 3 3, 149, 000

Capital outlay 4, 280, 862 4 3, 754, 862 3 526, 000

Kindergarten through grade 80_ 19, 150, 736 16,798, 736 2,352, 000

Grades 9-12 and postgraduate 5 - 10, 772, 290 9, 449, 290 1, 323, 000

Other elementary and secondary

schools I 300, 000 200, 000 100,000

Higher education (excluding subcollegiate departments) 6 15, 174, 687 8, 753,134 6, 421, 553

Current expenditures j 12, 427, 489 7, 007, 239 5, 420, 250

Educational and general__ 9, 869, 106 5, 693, 394 4,175, 712

Auxiliary enterprises 2, 132, 858 1, 160, 589 972, 269

Student-aid expenditures 425, 525 153, 256 272, 269

Expenditures from plant funds 7_ 2, 747,198 1, 745, 895 1, 001, 303

I Includes an estimate for "other" elementary and secondary schools, such as

residential schools for exceptional children, Federal schools for Indians, federally

operated elementary and secondary schools on posts, and subcollegiate departments

of institutions of higher education.

2 Excludes expenditures for the "other" schools described in footnote 1.

3 Estimated on the basis of expenditure per teacher in pubic elementary and

secondary schools. 4 Includes capital outlay of $154,263,253 by State and local schoolhousing

authorities.

5 Distribution between grade-groups '(kindergarten-grade 8, grades 9-12 and

postgraduate) estimated on the assumption that the cost per pupil in grades 9-12

is 50 percent higher than in grades K-8.

0 Excludes schools of nursing not affiliated with colleges and universities.

7 Excludes an estimated $520 million expended for plant expansion directly from

current funds ($330 million by publicly controlled and $190 million by privately

controlled institutions of hgher education).

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of State School Systems, 1965-66"; "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education," 1965-66; unpublished data available in the Office

of Education; and U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs.

18

Table 23.-Gross national product related to total

expenditures I for education: United States, 1929-30

to 1968-69

Calendar year

Expenditures for education

Gross

national

product School year Total (in

(in millions) thousands)

As a

percent of

gross

national

product 2 3 4 5 1929 $103, 095 1929-30 $3, 233, 601 3. 1 1931 75,820 1931-32 2, 966, 464 3.9

1933 55,601 1933-34 2, 294, 896 4.1

1935 72,247 1935-36 2, 649, 914 3.7

1937 90, 446 1937-38 3, 014, 074 3.3

1939 90, 494 1939-40 3,199, 593 3.5

1941 124, 540 1941-42 3, 203, 548 2.6

1943 191, 592 1943-44 3, 522, 007 1.8

1945 212,010 1945-46 4, 167, 597 2.0

1947 231, 323 1947-48 6, 574, 379 2.8

1949 256, 484 1949-50 8, 795, 635 3.4

1951 328,404 1951-52 11, 312, 446 3.4

1953 304, 593 1953-54 13, .949, 876 3.8

1955 397,960 1955-56 16, 811. 651 4.2

1957 441,134 1957-58 21, 119, 565 4.8

1959 483,650 1959-60 24, 722, 464 5. 1

1961 520,109 1961-62 29, 366, 305 5.6

1963 590,503 1963-64 36. 010, 210 6.1

1965 684, 884 1965-66 45, 397, 713 6.6

1967 789, 663 1967-68 2 54, 900, 000 7.0

1968 860, 600 1968-69 2 61, 400, 000 7. 1

I Includes expenditures of public and nonpublic schools at all levels of education

(elementary, secondary, and higher education).

2 Estimated.

NOTE: Beginning with 1959-60 school year, includes Alaska and Hawaii.

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Biennial Survey of Education in the United States"; "Statistics of State

School Systems"; "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education"; and

unpublished data. U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics,

"Survey of Current Business," August 1965, July 1968, and April 1969.
Direct General Expenditures of State and Local Governments

FUNCTION by Function: United States, 1966-67

Education

Highways

Public Welfare

Health and

Hospitals

Police and Local

Fire Protection

Interest on

General Debt

Natural Resources

All Other

Functions .

'4141,1,4 *4'4

ritleird $8.2 billion

17-4.:4 $6.6 billion

.../J1 $4.5 billion

4.4.4., $3.0 billion

$2.3 billionmr.r,

i;.;

$14.0 billion

Dollars

in billions

10

$16.8 billion

20

$38.2 billion

30

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Series GF67, No. 3, Government Finances

in 1966-67.

More than 40 cents out of every dollar spent

by State and local governments goes for education,

according to a survey recently conducted by the

Bureau of the Census. Governmental expenditures at the State and local level amounted to $93.8

billion during the year 1966-67. Of this total, $38.2 billion was spent for education at all levels.

Expenditures for local schools (primarily public

elementary and secondary schools) amounted to $28.1 billion; for higher education, $8.8 billion; and for other educational purposes $1.4 billion.

(Because of rounding, detail does not add to total.)

While the expenditures for other functions of

State and local governments did not approach the

outlays for education, other substantial items in

their budgets included highways, which accounted

for about 15 percent of total expenditures; public

welfare, nine percent; health and hospitals, seven

percent; and police and local fire protection, five

percent. The distribution of expenditures by function is shown graphically in the accompanying

chart.

All the figures cited above relate to "direct general" expendtures; that is, they exclude expenditures resulting from the operation by State and

local governments of utilities, stores, and insurance and retirement systems. For additional information, the reader may wish tc consult the Bureau

of the Census study, Governmental Finances in

1966-67 (Series GF67, No. 3). The report may be purchased for 60 cents from the Superintendent

of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,

Washington, D.C. 20402.

W. VANCE GRANT, specialist in educational

statistics.

40

Figure 5. Expenditures of State and local governments

19

i306-064
Table 24.-Direct expenditures of State and local governments for all functions and for education, by per capita amount and percent of per capita income: 1966-67

Direct general expenditures, 1966-67

State

Per

capita

personal

income,

1966

All functions Education

Amount

per

capita

Percent

of per

capita

income I

Amount Percent

per of per

capita capita

income I 1 2 3 4 5 6

United States $2,971 $473.12 15.91 $193.19 6.49

Alabama 2, 054 359.82 17. 52 158. 13 7.70

Alaska 3, 452 1, 197. 93 34.70 322.39 9.34

Arizona. 2, 558 522.57 20.43 239. 55 9.36

Arkansas 2, 024 338.85 16.74 136. 50 6.74

California 3, 493 651.08 18.64 241.95 6.93

Colorado 2, 961 539.46 18.60 249.43 8.60

Connecticut 3,722 472.44 12.69 177.75 4.78

Delaware 3, 476 606.71 17.45 236.25 6.80

District of Columbia 3, 853 592.73 15.38 147. 16 3.82

Florida 2, 638 435. 19 16. 50 162.06 6. 14

Georgia 2, 364 375.03 15.86 154.87 6, 55

Hawaii 3, 091 666.64 21.57 242.93 7.86

Idaho 2, 404 452.61 18.83 184.07 7.66

Illinois 3, 554 417.50 11.75 170. 92 4.81

Indiana_ 3,043 411.89 13.54 219.26 7.21

Iowa 3, 020 477.38 15.81 211.19 6.99

Kansas 2, 884 440.48 15.27 196.50 6.81

Kentucky 2, 243 410.31 18.29 160.11 7.14

Louisiana 2,276 484.55 21.29 185.49 8. 15

Maine 2, 482 413.82 16.67 166.67 6.72

Maryland 3,237 473.11 14.62 197.57 6.10

Massachusetts 3, 290 466. 17 14. 17 153.97 4.68

Michigan 3,269 509.76 15.59 241.80 7.40

Minnesota 2,898 546.62 18.86 242.12 8.36

Mississippi 1, 761 346.43 19.67 132.74 7.54

Missouri 2, 809 404.01 14. 38 169.02 6.02

Montana 2,658 509.22 19.16 200.30 7.54

Nebraska 2,945 438.98 14.91 181.05 6.15

Nevada 3, 467 700.28 20.20 220.00 6.35

New Hampshire 2,845 406.46 14.29 174.04 6.12

New Jersey 3, 460 416.84 12.05 160.26 4.63

New Mexico 2, 353 560.39 23.82 278. 53 11.84

New York 3, 566 614.62 17.24 223.59 6.27

North Carolina 2,272 342.84 15.09 150.15 7.05

North Dakota 2, 415 583.89 24. 18 237.08 9.82

Ohio 3,072 393.03 12.79 168.41 5.48

Oklahoma 2, 461 465.57 18.92 187.94 7.64

Oregon 2, 943 537.94 18.28 246.74 8.38

Pennsylvania 2,984 411.36 13.79 175.49 5.88

Rhode Island 3, 075 494.85 16.09 172.94 5.62

South Carolina 2,046 305.01 14.91 142.94 6.99

South Dakota 2,465 493.13 20.01 219.94 8.92

Tennessee 2,235 386.09 17.27 149.14 6.67

Texas 2, 567 385.24 15.01 172.24 6.71

Utah 2, 488 516.85 20.77 278.15 11.18

Vermont 2,658 526.44 19.81 191.03 7.19

Virginia 2, 610 379. 55 14.54 165.25 6.33

Washington 3, 234 557.17 17.23 234.42 7.25

West Virginia 2,166 400.50 18.49 161.25 7. 44

Wisconsin 2,983 520.04 17.43 221.38 7. 42

Wyoming 2,771 748.83 27.02 319.85 11.54

Percentages were computed by the Office of Education.

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics,

"Survey of Current Business," April 1969; and Bureau of the Census, "Govern.

mental Finances in 1966-67," Series GF67 No. 3.

20
Chapter II

Elementary and Secondary Education

The United States has gone a long way toward providing universal elementary and secondary education for its citizens. 'While regulations differ somewhat from one jurisdiction to another, it may be

said in general that free public education is available to all and that school attendance is compulsory

between the ages of 7 and 16. More than threefourths of the Nation's 5-year-olds are now enrolled

in school; from age 6 to 13 (the usual age for

enrollment in the elementary grades), 99 percent of

the children are attending school; and in the 14 to

17 age group (the usual high school age), 94

percent are enrolled in educational institutions.

About 77 percent of the young people graduate

from high school today, and some 42 percent of the

young adults may be expected to enter college.

The largest segment of the school population is

found in public elementary and secondary schools.

Pupils in the regular public school system account

for about 88 percent of the total enrollment in

kindergarten through grade 8, and for 90 percent

of the total in grades 9 through 12. Enrollment in

nonpublic schools, which grew at a rapid pace in

the 1950's, has tended to stabilize and even to decline slightly in recent years. Today about one

pupil in eight is enrolled in a nonpublic (churchrelated or nonsectarian) school.

The Office of Education obtains statistics each

fall from the State departments of education on the

pupils, teachers, instruction rooms, and estimated

expenditures of public elementary and secondary

day schools. These data are usually available

within 3 or 4 months after the opening of the

school year. More comprehensive statistics on the

organization, staff, pupils, and finances of public

schools are collected biennially from the same

21

sources. The data from the two surveys are published in Fall Statistics of Public Elementary and

Secondary Day Schools and Statistics of State School

Systems, respectively. In recent years the Office of

Education has expanded its coverage of nonpublic

schools with the publication of Statistics of Nonpublic Elementary Schools and Statistics of Nonpublic

Secondary Schools. Furthermore, valuable information on these schools has been made available by the

State educational agencies, the United States

Catholic Conference (formerly the National Catholic

Welfare Conference), and the U.S. Bureau of the

Census.

Since much of the instruction in vocational

education takes place at the secondary school level,

statistics on enrollment in and expenditures for

vocational' education are also included in this

chapter. More detailed information in this area is

contained in the annual reports on Vocational and

Technical Education issued by the Office of

Education.

Other recurring reports of the Office of Education which have appeared at less frequent intervals

result from the surveys of public secondary day

schools, local public school systems, offerings and

enrollments in high school subjects, and special

education for exceptional children. The most recent

statistics from each of these surveys, supplemented

by estimates where appropriate, are summarized

in the tables which follow.

In general, the statistics in this chapter relate to

48 States and the District of Columbia through the

school year 1957-58. Data for 1958-59 include

Alaska, and those for 1959-60 and subsequent

years include both Alaska and Hawaii. Any deviation is indicated in the tabular presentation.
Table 25.-Enrollment in full-time public elementary and secondary day schools,

by level and State: Fall 1968 and fall 1969

all 1968 Fall 1969 i

State

Total Elementary Secondary Total Elementary Secondary

1 2 3 4

mg, 5 6 7 Wilted Status 44,961,662 21,411,423 17,543,239 45,624,000 21,421,000 111,196,000

Alabama 2 831, 661 449,314 382, 347 846, 000 449, 000 397, 000

Alaska 71, 469 47, 222 24, 247 72, 000 47, 000 25, 000

Arizona 411, 070 287, 369 123, 701 415, 000 287, 000 128, 000

Arkansas 453,314 250, 011 203,303 461,000 250, 000 211, 000

California 4, 581, 600 2, 892, 700 1, 688, 900 4,645,000 2, 894, 000 I, 751, 000

Colorado 524, 347 300, 306 224, 041 532, 000 300, 000 232, 000

Connecticut 632, 208 411, 205 221, 003 640, 000 411, 000 229, 000

Delaware 2 124, 666 70, 418 54, 248 126, 000 70, 000 56, 000

District of Columbia 149, 020 94, 378 54, 642 151, 000 94,000 57,000

Florida 1, 355, 846 750, 661 605, 185 1, 379, 000 751, 000 628, 000

Georgia 3 1, 103, 306 715,250 388, 056 1,118, 000 716, 000 402, 000

Hawaii 2 172, 230 99, 171 73, 059 175, 000 99, 000 76, 000

Idaho 2 178, 900 92, 527 86, 373 183, 000 93, 000 90, 000

Illinois 2, 273, 517 1, 473, 728 799, 789 2, 305, 000 1, 475, 000 830, 000

Indiana = I, 205, 252 671, 307 533, 945 1, 226, 000 672, 000 554, 000

Iowa' 657, 791 464, 884 192, 907 665, 000 465, 000 200, 000

Kansas' 522,211 368, 868 153, 343 528,000 369, 000 159, 000

Kentucky 698,790 451, 562 247, 228 708, 000 452, 000 256, 000

Louisiana 864,765 527,788 336, 977 878, 000 528, 000 350, 000

Maine 1...,.. 00e00.11,10WeetOre OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO . OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO CO.410 232, 127 167, 414 64,713 234, 000 167, 000 67, 000

Maryland 2 858, 766 497, 375 361, 391 873, 000 498, 000 375, 000

Massachusetts 1, 112, 461 630, 973 481, 488 I, 130, 000 631, 000 499, 000

Michigan 2 2, 123, 573 1, 197, 483 926, 090 2, 159, 000 1, 198, 000 961,000

Minnesota 895, 332 488, 294 407, 038 910, 000 488, 000 422, 000

Mississippi 581, 734 340, 112 241, 622 591, 000 340, 000 251, 000

Missouri 4 I, 056,101 784,962 271, 139 1, 066, 000 785, 000 281, 000

Montana 172, 768 108, 581 64, 187 176, 000 109, 000 67, 000

Nebraska 328, 685 191, 755 136, 930 334, 000 192, 000 142, 000

Nevada 118,236 71, 219 47, 017 120, 000 71, 000 49, 000

New Hampshire 145, 706 88, 366 57, 340 147, 000 88, 000 59, 000

New Jersey 1, 421, 455 934, 713 486, 742 1, 440, 000 935, 000 505, 000

New MeXico 272, 567 150, 811 121, 756 277, 000 151,000 126,000

New York 2 3, 411, 000 1, 940, 000 1, 471, 000 3, 467, 000 1, 941, 000 1, 526, 000

North Carolina 4 1, 195, 258 849, 483 345, 775 1, 209, 000 850, 000 359, 000

North Dakota 148, 965 95, 260 53, 705 151, COO 95, 000 56, 000

Ohio 4 2, 384,160 1, 703, 200 680, 960 2, 410, 000 1, 704, 000 706, 000

Oklahoma 604, 017 342,779 261,238 614, 000 343, 000 271, 000

Oregon 4 489, 825 337, 310 152, 515 495, 000 337,000 158,000

Pennsylvania 2, 309, 700 1, 261, 500 1, 048, 200 2, 349, 000 1, 262, 000 It 087, 000

Rhode Island 173, 393 100, 249 73, 144 176, 000 100,000 76, 000

South Carolina 648, 694 385, 274 263, 420 658, 000 385,000 273,000

South Dakota 167, 205 93, 992 73,213 170, 000 94, 000 76, 000

Tennessee 883, 500 566, 500 317, 000 896, 000 567,000 329,000

Texas 2 2, 704, 000 1, 509, 000 1, 195, 000 2, 749, 000 1,510,000 1,239,000

Utah 301,116 169, 313 131, 803 306, 000 169, 000 137, 000

Vermont 99, 649 57,668 41, 981 102,000 58, 000 44, 000

Virginia I, 055, 606 647, 555 408, 051 1, 071, 000 648,000 423,000

Washington 2 804, 205 446, 407 357, 798 818, 000 447, 000 371, 000

West Virginia 409,639 228, 001 181,638 416, 000 228, 000 188, 000

Wisconsin 954, 243 567, 343 386, 900 969, 000 568, 000 401, 000

Wyoming 2 86, 013 46, 862 39, 151 88, 000 47, 000 41, 000

Outlying areas,

American Samoa

Canal Zone 2

Guam 2

Puerto Rico 2

110,162 461,533 249,229 )20,000 462,000 251,000

4 7, 923

13, 702

20, 617

668, 520

5, 918

7, 993

12, 582

435, 040

2, 005

5, 709

8, 035

233, 480

8,000

14, 000

21,000

677, 000

6, 000

8, 000

13, 000

435, 000

2, 000

6, 000

8,000

242, 000

Estimated.

2 Data for elementary and secondary are reported by specific grade group: K to 6 for elementary and 7 to

3 Data for elementary and secondary are reported by specific grade group: K to 7 for elementary and 8 to

4 Data for elementary and secondary are reported by specific grade group: K to 8 for elementary and 9 to

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Fall 1968 Statistics of

22

12 for secondary.

12 for secondary.

12 for secondary.

Public Schools;" and Office of Education estimates.
Table 26.-Enrollment by grade in full-time public elementary and secondary

day schools: United States, 1957-58 to 1968-69

Grade 1957-58 1958 -592 1959-60 1960-612 1961-62 1962-63 1 1963 -643 1964-653 196546 1966473 1967 -683, 1968 -693

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Im111,

9 10 11 12 1,,,,,,

13 Number, in thousands

All 33,521 34,131 31,011 31,210 31,253 3E741 41,025 42,210 42,135 43,111 44,7111 45,110

Kindergarten-grade 8 25, 669 26, 581 27,602 28,439 28, 686 29, 374 29,915 30,652 31,177 31,766 12, 275 32,815

Kindergarten.-- 1,772 1,834 1,923 2, 000 2, 065 2, 162 2,177 2, 250 2,328 2,411 2,481 2,577

1st grade 3 (3, 587) 3,679 3,733 3, 822 3, 857 3, 928 4, 023 4, 014 4, 097 4, 092 4,119 4, 083

2d grade 3, 214 3 (3, 346) 3,436 3, 502 3, 568 3, 630 3,705 3, 800 3,766 3,828 3,851 3,921

3d grade 3, 176 3, 179 3 (1, 302) 3,405 3, 428 3, 518 3, 560 3, 662 3, 741 3, 743 3,788 3, 846

4th grade 3,128 3,142 3,146 s (3, 278) 3, 343 3, 391 3,467 3, 523 3,609 3,706 3, 707 3,779

5th grade 3,181 3, 099 3, 118 3,131 6 (3, 218) 3, 332 3, 366 3, 465 3, 504 3, 581 3, 690 3,718

6th grade 2,759 3,136 3, 070 3, 095 3, 035 6 (3,190) 3, 249 3, 362 3,433 3,492 3, 57 5 3,702

7th grade 2, 458 2,785 3,173 3,123 3,122 3,140 3 (3, 241) 3, 363 406 3 528 , 3 581 369, 8

8th grade_ 2, 395 2, 381 2,701 3, 083 3, 021 3, 083 3, 077 3 (3, 212) 3,293 293 3, 385 3, 483 3,, 561

Grades 912 and postgraduate__ 7, 860 8,258 8,485 8,821 9,566 10, 372 11,110 11,628 11,658 12,132 12,494

_ -----

12,975

9th grade 2, 480 2,412 2, 412 2,750 3,156 3, 172 3, 190 3,198 s (3, 307) 3,412 3,522 3,648

10th grade 2,194 2, 318 2,258 2,252 2, 595 2, 981 3, 006 3, 035 3, 057 6 (3,173) 3, 345 3, 442

11th grade 1,736 1,955 2,063 1,997 2,018 2,348 2,747 2,778 2,778 2,899 6(2,991) 3,106

12th grade 1,431 1,538 1,747 1,820 1,791 1,866 2,160 2,560 2,511 2,641 2, 619 3 (2,761)

Postgraduate 19 35 4 2 7 5 6 7 5 7 17 18

Percent

All vales 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100,0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100,0 100,0

Kindergarten -grade 8 76.6 76.3 76.5 76, 3 75.0 73,9 72, 9 72,5 72, 8 72, 4 72,1 71.7

Kindergarten 5.3 5, 3 5, 3 5, 3 5, 4 5, 4 5. 3 5.3 5..4 5, 5 5.5 5.6

1st grade 10.7 10.6 10, 3 10, 3 10.1 9, 9 9, 8 9, 5 9,6 9,4 9, 2 8, 9

2d grade 9, 6 9.6 9, 5 9, 4 9, 3 9,1 9, 0 9, 0 8, 8 8,7 8, 6 8, 5

3d grade 9.5 9. 1 9.2 9, 1 9, 0 8, 9 8.7 8,7 8,7 8, 5 8,5 8,4

4th grade 9.3 9.0 8, 7 8, 8 8.7 8, 5 8, 5 8, 3 8, 4 8.4 8.3 8,2

5th grade 9. 5 8.9 8.6 8, 4 8.4 8.4 8.2 8,2 8, 2 8, 2 8, 7 8,1

6th grade_ 8. 2 9.0 8.5 8. 3 8, 0 8, 0 8, 0 8.0 8, 0 8, 0 8.0 8,1

7th grade 7. 3 8. 0 8.8 8, 4 8, 2 7.9 7,9 8, 0 8.0 8, 0 8.0 8,1

8th grade 7. 1 6, 8 7, 5 8.3 7, 9 7. 8 7. 5 7, 6 7,7 7.7 7.8 7,8

Grades 9-12 and postgraduate._ 23.4 23.7 23, 5 23.7 25. 0 26. 1 27. 1 27. 5 27, 2 27, 6 27, 9 28. 3

9th grade 7.4 6.9 6.7 7.4 8.2 B. 0 7.8 7, 6 7, 7 7.8 7, 9 8.0

10th grade 6.5 6.7 6, 3 6.0 6.8 7.5 7.3 7.3 7,1 7, 2 7, 5 7, 5

11th grade 5.2 5.6 5.7 5, 4 5.3 5.9 6.7 6.6 6.5 6.6 6, 7 6.8

12th grade 4.3 4.4 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.7 5.3 6.2 5.9 6.0 5.8 6. 0

Postgraduate (9 (9 (9 (6) (6) (6) (6) (9 (6) (9 (9 (6)

I Enrollment in ungraded and special classes is not shown separately but is prorated among the grades,

2 Data derived from special studies or estimates.

3 Estimated from fall data.

4 Revised since originally published.

3 Figures in parentheses, shown in normal progression, indicate enrollments in successive grades of the pupils who entered the first grade in 1957-58 including retarded

and accelerated pupils. Because of retardation, school retention rates should not be calculated directly from first grade enrollment.

Less than 0.05 percent.

NOTE: Data for 1958-59 include Alaska; data for 1959-60 and subsequent years include Alaska and Hawaii, Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of State School Systems, 1965-66"; and Office of Education estimates.

23
Table 27.-Enrollment, attendance, and length of school term In public elementary and secondary day schools, by State: 1965-66

State

1

Average

Enrollment I daily

membership

3

MAI Stabs ********* ****** ******** ***** ******

42,131,423

M:M4*

162,041

65, 574

ArizoM ......... ... 401,112

Arkansas... ...... ....... WI{ 452, 370

California ...... 4, 227,129

Colorado.. V. 4 R ..... 4 ft O. 510.743

Connecticut......... a ..... aaamaavaa ...v..... 582,052

Delaware 108, 351

District of Columbia ...a. 143,441

4414 ....... .......... 1, 299, 247

Georgia

......

I daho... .......

Illinois

I ndiana ........... ..... .011,1100. ..... Vt. ......

I o w a

1,090,1154

162,164

181, 526

2,123, 392

1, 172, 602

Kansas I. ..... ......... 506,958

Kentucky.- 612,714

Louisia na.__,. . 823,863

Maine 221,951

Maryland 786,120

NWOISACMISSUi ....... ... . ... .. .............. 1,025, 902

..... ..... .......... .......... 1,968, 403

Minnesota - Of . Y. fa. ... .. ...... 832, 962

Mississippi. .11.10 ..11 ......... SW .41 if. 0.. W 607, 894

Na330110.0. .. .. ..... ..................... ..... 975, 831 Magna..... ............. ...... ..... ........... 172,754 Nebraska ..... ................. ..... ...... 41,110 327, 822

Nevada 117, 457

......... 133,287

New Jersey 1,323, 217 New Mexico...................... .............. 280,503

New York ..... ...... . a ole . . at... 3, 176, 574

North Carolina 1, 204, 351

North Dakota 154, 854

Ohio 2, 271, 420

Oklahoma 601, 433

Oregon 466, 416

Pennsylvania 2, 231,320

Rhode Island 154,501

South Carolina 660,156

South Dakota 172,965

Tennessee ROL 569

Texas 2, 520, 207

Utah 297,714

Vermont 88, 428

Virginia 1,018, 465

Washington 723, 398

West Virginia. 438,625

Wisconsin I 859, 101

Wyoming 90, 547

Oetlyieg arms:

American Samoa 7, 299

Canal Zone 14,629

Gua 18, 376

Puermto Rico 640,344

Virgin Islands 10, 254

841,111,111

831,936

5$, 518

370,517

430, 340

4, 290, 000

481 5

583, 36888

105, 540

140,091

1, 221, 277

1,01 030160,,9737 2, 1138, 344

1, 113, 506

1,359

793, 504

218,339

759,666

1, 007, 257

1,968, 403

101,114

513,312

124 711 314,, 925

104,160

127,171

1, 283,507

260,636

1,124.652

145,283

2, 262, 542

565,696

439,698

2,171, 709

152, 845

635,012

164,751

863 444

2, 406,

, 700

285,685

83,979

976, 752

812,

296

470

85, 285

7,065

13, 311

17,199

611,739

9, 555

Average daily Avo n*

Average

tut:x

Average number of

dai1 attendance as percent of length of days attended

attendance u percent of average daily term in days Per

enrollment membership enrolled

4 S $

31,194,411 11.4 14.3 171.1 113.1 787,188

55, 2)1

346,672

406, 858

4, 205, 347

454t 087

543,491

99, 341

129, 524

1, 149, 801

966, 737

151,601

165,070

1,905,067

1,028,088

595, 072

463, 337

619,282

737,854

207,619

703, 703

941,197

1,792,977

769,659

536, 202

821,397

153, 771

302, 497

97,1135

119,851

1, 186,654

247, 757

2,906, 565

1,101,988

139, 764

2,135,939

545,611

413, 773

2,042, 663

137, 683

593, 165

158, 6t1

824, 270

2, 261, 965

271,956

80,092

916, 212

679,172

400 864

768,

, 720

81, 597

(I)

91.3

. 8W6. 43

90.4

99,5

811. 89

91.

91. 7

90. 3

88.5

93IL.65

8990., 70

87, 7

95. 2

91, 4

0. 7

89.6 93

89

91.

, 74

91. 1

92 4, 88. 2

84.2

89, 0

92. 3

83.3

89.9

89.7

3

9188. . 5

91.

90.33

.9094.0

7 88. 7

. 5

8991. 1 89.8

91.7

8991. 4. 8

92.3

90.0 .6 90

93.9

91.4

9089. . I

5

(4)

(4)

(6)

(4)

94. 6

14,6

95.0

98.

94. 3

93. 2

94.

9

. 1 91

94,1

93, 9

94,2

93.5

92, 3

9394. 2

. 0

95. 1

93. 6 2.

9 4

91. 1

95. 2

92.7

93.4

96. 1

93. 3

94. 2

92.5

95. 1

94.6

96. 2

9496.. 4

4

94. 1

. 1

9094. 1 93.4

96. 3

95 5

94.

. 0

95.2

95.

8

4

93.

94. 9

94.6

95. 7

175.1

173.6

174.0

175.5

177,5

179.2

180.0

100.0

110.0

180.0

110.0

179.0

177.0

110.8

177.0

110.0

180.0

173.9

178.3

181, 7

179.9

11, 1880. 0

0

175.0

177.0

177.5

NZ 0

178.6

178.5

179.9

181.1

18010

180.9

180.0

160.7

180.3

176.1

178.8

181.3

177.9

180.0

177.2

176.0

175.7

180.1

173.0

180.3

179.0

179.3

179.7

180.8

160.6

146. 3

150. 3

1511. 6 176.6

159.3

165. 2

165. 0

162.5

159.3

159.5

167.3

161.0

162.2

155.2

171.3

164.5

171.3

159.8

170.0

160.9

166.1

164.0

161.7

157.0

162149. 4. 0

164.

148. 7

161.8

162.4

158.

165.

6

5

164.7

163.1

169.5

159.7

158,

165.

6

9

158.6

161.7

162.5

160.9

157.7

166.2

156.7

162.

168. 1

163.9

160.8

162.9

6, 711

12, 809

16,143

572,682

9, 256

91.9

87.6

87.8

. 9089. 3

95.0

96. 2

93 . 9

93.6

96.9

165.0

178.9

176.7

184.6

180.6

151.7

156.6

155.2

165.1

163.1

I Enrollment figures for a given State include pupils who enrolled for the first

time in the United States during the school year and pupils who were previously

enrolled in another State.

I ncludes estimates for the nonreporting States.

3 Since attendance in California includes excused absences and enrollment is not

cumulative but as of a specific date, the ratios are not strictly comparable with

those of other States.

24

I Data not available.

I Excludes vocational high schools not operating as part of the regular public

school system.

Data for the 196344 school year.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Statistics of State School Systems, 1965-66."
Table 28.-Age ranges for compulsory and permissive school attendance, by

State: 1965

State

Compulsory Permissive attendance

attendance

age range .2 Minimum Maximum

1 3 4

Alabama__ ___ .-

Alaska__

.1,,,

7-16 6 by Oct. 1) 7-16 6 by Nov. 2) 4) (4)

Atizona._, . 8.16 6 by Jan. 1) 21 Arkansas 7-16 6 by Oct. 1) 21 California 8-16 5)1 (by Sept. 1) ()

Colorado,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.. . 7-16 6 21 Connecticut 7-16 6 (4)

Delaware 7-16 6 21 District of Columbia 7-16 6 (by Nov, 1)

Florida 7-16 5)4 (4

Georgia 7-16 6 19 Hawaii 6-16 6 by Dec. 31) (9

Idaho 7-16 6 by Oct, 16) 21

Illinois 7-16 6 by Dec. 1) 21

Indiana 7-16 (4).. (1)

lowa_._ 7-16 6 by Sept, 15) 21 Kansas 7-16 6 by Sept. 1) (4)

Kentucky 7-16 6 by Dec. 31) 21 Louisiana

Maine

7-16 6 within 4 months of

egng o

7-17 6 (by Oct.. 15)

f term), (4) 21 Maryland 7-16 6 21 Massachusetts 7-16 (4) (4)

Michigan 6-16 5 (by 1st day of school

year).

(4)

Minnesota 7-16 3 5 21 Mississippi 6 (by Jan. 1) (9

Missouri 7-16 6 (by Oct, 1) 20

Compulsory Permissive attendance I

State attendance

age range= Minimum Maximum 3

1 Montana. ., .

Nebraska

Nevada.

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas Utah Vermont

Virginia Washington

West Virginia Wisconsin

Wyoming

Outlying area:

Puerto Rico

2 3 4

7-16

7-16

7-17

6-16

6

6 (by Oct, 15)

6 (by Dec, 31)

(4)

2121

6-16 5 20

6-17 (9 (4)'

7-16 5 (by Dec, 1) 21 7-16 6 by Oct, 1) 21 7-16 6 by Oct, 31) 21 6-18 6

21 7-18 6 (by Nov, 1) 21 7-18 6 by Nov, 15) 21 8-17 6 by Feb, 1) 21 7-16 (4) (4)

6 21 7-16 6 (by Nov, 1) 21 7-17 6 (by Dec. 31) (4)

7-17 6 (by beginning of school 21 6-18 6

year). 18 7-16 6 (by Jan, 1) 18

0 7-16 7 7 20

8-16 6 21 7-16 6 (by Nov. 1) 21 7-16 6 by Dec. 1) 20

7-17 6 4 by Sept. 15) 21 8-16 5 18

I The pge span for permissive school attendance refers in most cases to the age

range within which persons are entitled to tree public education in the elementary

and secondary grades. Separate provisions which apply to persons of kindergarten, nursery school, or junior college age are not included in this tabulation.

2 Many States have special provisions for children who have completed a certain

level of education (usually the 8th grade or higher) and who are employed.

3 Some States have special provisions for veterans and disabled persons. Also,

the statutes in a few States provide that no person shall be deprived of educational

opportunities by reason of age.

I Not specified in the statutes.

3 A school board may exclude children under 6.

6 If law is adopted locally, 7 A school board may admit children who have reached their 6th birthday on

or before Sept 30.

SOURCE: U,S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "State Law on Compulsory Attendance,"

Table 29.-Enrollment in grades 9-12 in public and nonpublic schools compared with population 14-17 years of age:

United States, 1889-90 to fall 1968

School

Enrollment, grades 9-12 and

postgraduate I Population

14-17 years

of age 2

Total

number

enrolled

per 100

persons

14-17

years

of age

School

Enrollment, grades 9-12 and

postgraduate I Population

14-17 years

of age 2

Total

number

enrolled

per 100

persons

14-17

years of age

year All

schools

Public

schools

Nonpublic

schools

year All

schools

Public

schools

Nonpublic

schools

1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6

1889-40._

1899 -1900_ - 1909- 10.___ 1919-20.... 1929-30....

1939-40.... 1941-42.... 1943-44._

1945-46....

1947-48....

359, 949

699, 403

1,115, 398

2, 500,176 3

4, 804, 255 3

7, 123, 009

6, 933, 265

6,030,617

6, 237,133

6, 305,168

3 202, 963

3 519, 251

3 915, 061

2, 200, 389

4, 399, 422

6,635, 337

6, 420, 544

5,584,656

5, 664, 528

5, 675, 937

3 94, 931

3 11%797

3 117, 400

3 213, 920

3 4 341,158

487,672

512,721

445,961

572.605

629,231

33

3

3

5, 354, 653

6, 152, 231

7, 220, 298

7,735,841

9, 341, 221

9, 720, 419

9, 749, 000

9, 449, 000

9, 056, 000

8,841,000

. 7

116. 4

15.4

32. 3

51.4

73.3

71.1

63.8

68.9

71.3

1949-50_ ....

1951-52....

1953-54....

1955-56....

1957-58....

1959-60....

1961-624...

Fall 1963....

Fall 1965-..

Fall 1967'-

Fall 19686_ _

6, 453, 009

6, 596, 351

7,108, 973

7, 774, 975

8, 869,186

9, 599, 810

10, 768, 972

12, 255, 496

13, 020, 823

13, 700, 000

14, 200, 000

5, 757,

5, 917,

6, 330,

6, 917,

7, 905,

8, 531,

9, 616,

10, 935,

11, 657,

12, 300,

12, 800,

810

384

565

790

469

454

755

536

808

000

000

695, 199

678,967

778, 408

857, 185

963, 717

1, 068, 356

1,152, 217

1.319.960

1, 363, 015

1,400,000

1, 400, 000

8, 404, 768

3 8, 516, 000

3 8, 861,000

3 9, 207, 000

3 10,139, 000

11, 154, 879

3 12, 006, 000

3 13. 449. 000

I 14,104, 000

I 14, 618, 000

3 15, 048, 000

76.8

77.5

80.2

84.4

87.5

86.1

89.7

90.8

92.3

93.7

94, 4

Unless otherwise indicated, includes enrollment in subcollegiate departments

of institutions of higher education and in residential schools for exceptional children.

Beginning in 1949-50, also includes Federal schools. 2 Includes all persons residing in the United States, but excludes Armed Forces

overseas. Data shown are actual figures from the decennial censuses of population

unless otherwise indicated.

3 Excludes enrollment in subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher

education and in residential schools for exceptional children.

Data for 1927-28.

25

3 Estimated by the Bureau of the Census as of July 1 preceding the opening of

the school year.

0 Preliminary data.

NOTE: Beginning in 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Biennial Survey of Education in the United States," chapters on Statistical

Summary of Education; and unpublished data available in the Office of Education.
Table 30.-Historical summary of public elementary and secondary school statistics: United States, 1869-70 to 1965-66

Item 1869-70 1879-80 1889-90 1899-1900 1909-10 1919-20

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ptinditita, pupib, and kistructlenal staff

Total population 1(thousands)

Population aged 5-17 years, inclusive I (thousands)

Percent of total population aged 5-17

Total enrollment in elementary and secondary day schools (thousands)

Nursery, kindergarten, and grades 14 (thousands)

Grades 9-12 and postgraduates (thousands)

39, 818

12, 055

30. 3

50,156

15, 066

30. 0

62,948

18, 543

29. 5

12,723

75,995

21, 573

28, 4

15, 503

90,492

24, 009

26. 5

104, 512

27, 556

26.4

6, 872 9, 867 17, 814 21, 578

6,792

3 80

9,757

110

12,520

203

14,984

519

16,899

915

19,378

2,200

Percent of total population enrolled

Percent of population 5-17 years enrolled

Percent of total enrollment in high schools(grades 9-12 and postgraduates).

High school graduates (thousands)

Average daily attendance (thousands).

Total number of days attended by all pupils enrolled (thousands)

Percent of enrolled pupils attending daily

Average length of school term (in days)

Average number of days attended by each pupil enrolled

Total instructional staff (thousands)

Supervisors (thousands)

Principals (thousands) Teachers, librarians, and other nonsupervisory instructional staff

(thousands) 4

Men (thousands)

Women (thousands)

Percent men

17.3

57.0

1,2

4,077

539,053

59, 3

132.2

78.4

201

78

123

38.7

19.7

65,5

1.1

6, 144

800,720

62. 3

130.3

81,1

287

123

164

42.8

20,2

68.6

1.6

22

8,154

1, 098, 233

64.1

134,7

86, 3

364

126

238

34,5

20, 4

71, 9

3,3

62

10,633

1, 534, 823

68. 6

144, 3

99.0

423

127 296

29, 9

19.7

74, 2

5.1

111 12,827

2, 011,477

72. 1

157.5

113.0

523

110

413

21.1

20.6

78, 3

10,2

231

16,150

2, 61514, 161

161, 9

12678 1. 2

7

14 657

93

565

14.1

Flame Amoveb In thousands el dollars (unadjusted)

Total revenue receipts

From State taxes and appropriations

From intermediate and local taxes and appropriations

From all other sources

Percent of revenue receipts derived from:

State taxes and appropriations

Intermediate and local taxes and appropriations

All other sources

Total expenditures for all schools

Current expenditures for elementary and secondary day schools

Capital outlay

Interest on school debt

Other expenditures'

Percent of total expenditures devoted to:

Current expenditures for elementary and secondary day schools

Capital outlay

Interest on school debt

Other expenditures' 1.

$63,397 $78,095

$143, 195

$26, 345

$97, 222

$19,627

18.4

67.9

13.7

$140,507

$114,300

$26,207

81.3

18.7

$219, 766

$37, 887

$149, 487

$32,392

17.2

68.0

14.8

$214,965

$179, 514

$35,451

83.5

16. 5

$433, 064

$64,605

$312, 222

$56,238

14.9

72.1

13.0

$426,250

$356, 272

$69, 978

83.6

16.4

$970,120

$134,279

$758, 897

$76,945

13.8

78.2

8.0

$1, _036, 151 W61,120

$153, 543

$18, 212

$3,277

83.1

14.8

1.8

. 3

Data in unadjusted dollars

Average annual salary of total instructional staff

Personal income I per member of the labor force I

Total expenditure for all schools per capita of total population

National income I per capita of total population

Current expenditure 9 per pupil in A.D.A

Total expenditure 12 for day schools per pupil in A.D.A

National income per pupil in A.D.A

Current expenditure per day 13 per pupil in A.D.A

Total expenditure for day schools per day per pupil in A.D.A

$189

1.59

15.55

.12

$195

1.56

12.71

.10

$252

2.23

11 13.99

17.23

11 .10

.13

$325

2.83

11 16. 6 7 20.21

11 .12

.14

$485

4.71

II 27.85

33.23

11 .18

.21

$871

9.91

53.32

64. 16

.33

. 40

Data in adjusted dollars-1965-66 purchasing power

Average annual salary of total instructional staff

Personal income per member of the labor force

Total expenditure for all schools per capita of total population

National income per capita of total population

Current expenditure per pupil in A.D.A

Total expenditure for day schools per pupil in A.D.A

National income per pupil in A.D.A

Current expenditure per day per pupil in A.D.A.

Total expenditure for day schools per day per pupil in A.D.A

$1, 459

16.60

89. 31

107.47

. 55

.67

I Date on population and labor force are from the Bureau of the Census, and

data on personal income and national income from the Office of Business Economics, U.S. Department of Commerce.

2 Data revised since originally published.

3 Data for 1870-71.

4 Prior to 1919-20 data are for number of different persons employed rather

than number of positions.

26

5 Distribution estimated by the Office of Education.

0 21.1cause of a modification of the scope of "current expenditures for elementary

and secondary day schools," data for 1959-60 and later years are not entirely

comparable with data for prior years.

Includes summer schools, community colleges, and adult education. Beginning

in 1959-60, also includes community services, formerly classified with "current

expenditures for elementary and secondary day schools."
Table 30.-Historical summary of public elementary and secondary school statistics: United States, 1869-70 to 1965-66-Continued

1929-30

8

1939-40

9

1949-50

10

1959-60

11 1963-6412

1965-66

13

Item

14

121, 770

31,417

25,8

130,880

30,150

23, 0

25,678

148,665

30,168

20, 3

179, 323

43,881

24, 5

188,616 193,795

48,005 49,995

25,5 25, 8

25,434 25,111 36, 087 41, 025 42, 835

21,279 18,833 19,387 27,602

4,399 6, 601 5, 725 8,485

21,1 19, 4

81, 7 84.4

17,1 26.0

592 1143

21,265 22,

, 042

3, 67211;6,11 3, 8511, 012

86 7

172, 7 175,

, 0

14883, 0 151. 7

0 912

7 5

31 32

843 875

140

703

16.6

195

81

226,2

2 29, 91 5 31,177

2 11, 110 11, 658

16, 9

83,2

22, 7

1 063

22,

, 284

3. 964,354

7

1787, 8,

9

157.9

962

9

914

15

719

21.3

20, 1

82, 2

23. 5

1,627

32, 477

5, 781, 774

90, 0

178,0

160. 2

1, 464

14 64

1, 387

s 402

s 985

3 29.0

21, 8 22,1

85,5 85,7

27.1 27, 2

2,008 2,327

37,405 39,154

6, 694, 000 7, 005, 500

1799,. 0 1798, 9

163,2 163.5

1,717 1,885

19 22

73 77

1, 625 1,786

3 506 568

3 1, 119 3 s1, 218

a 31, 1 3 31. 8

Anievab in thousands if dollars (unadjusted)

$2, 088, 557

$329,312

$1,645,688

$113, 557

15.8

78.8

5.4

$2,316,790

$1, 843, 552

$370,878

. $92, 536

$9,825

79.6

16. 0

4.0

.4

$4260, 527

$658,983

$1,490,425

$111, 119

29. 2

65.9

4.9

$2,344,049

$1,941,799

$257,974

$130, 909

$13, 367

82.8

11.0

5.6

.6

$5,437,044

$2, 122, 763

$2, 900,561

$413, 720

39.0

53.4

7. 6

$5, 837, 643

$4,687,274

$1, 014,176

$100, 578

$35,614

80.3

17.4

1.7

.6

$14,746,618

$5,458,943

$8, 031,854

$1, 255, 821

37.0

54.5

8. 5

$15,613, 255

6 $12, 329,389

$2,661,786

$489, 514

$132,567

6 79. 0

17.0

3. 1

.8

$20, 544,182

$7,831,603

$11, 150,791

$1, 561, 789

$25, 356, 858

$9, 608, 846

$12, 939, 080

$2, 808, 933

38.1 37.9

54.3 51.0

7.6 11.1

$21,324, 993 $26, 248,026

6 $17, 218,446 6 $21, 053,280

$2,977,976 $3,754,862

$701,044 $791, 580

$427, 528 $648, 304

6 80. 7

14.0

3. 3

2.0

6 80.2

14.3

3. 0

2. 5

Data in unadjusted dollars

$1,420

1 634

19. 03

667

86.70

108.49

3, 845

. 50

.63

$1,441

1, 356

17. 91

587

88. 09

105.74

3,5

50

02

.60

$3, 010 $5 174

3,400 5, 413

39. 27 87.07

1,20 2,22

208.583 375. 174 258.85 472.17

10,312 12, 547

1.17 2.11

1.46 2.65

$5, 240

6, 286

113. 04

2,608

460. 24

558.59

13,307

22.57

2 3. 12

Popelatiee. papas. and Instrastioall staff

Total population' (thousands),

Population aged 5-17 years, inclusive + (thousands),

Percent of total population aged 5-17,

Total enrollment in elementary and secondary day schools (thousands),

Nursery, kindergarten, and grades 1-8 (thousands),

Grades 9-12 and postgraduates (thousands),

Percent of total population enrolled,

Parcent of population 5-17 years enrolled,

Percent of total enrollment in high schools (grades 9-12 and postgraduates),

High school graduates (thousands),

Average daily attendance (thousands),

Total number of days attended by all pupils enrolled (thousands).

Percent of enrolled pupils attending daily,

Average length of school term (in days),

Average number of days attended by each pupil enrolled,

Total instructional staff (thousands),

Supervisors (thousands),

Principals (thousands),

Teachers, librarians, and other nonsupervisory instructional staff

. (thousands). 4

Men (thousands),

Women (thousands).

Percent men.

Flamm

Total revenue receipts.

From State taxes and appropriations.

From intermediate and local taxes and appropriations,

From all other sources.

Percent of revenue receipts derived from:

State taxes and appropriations.

Intermediate and local taxes and appropriations.

All other sources.

Total expenditures for all schools.

Current expenditures for elementary and secondary day schools.

Capital outlay.

Interest on school debt.

Other expenditures.'

Percent of total expenditures devoted to:

Current expenditures for elementary and secondary day schools.

Capital outlay.

Interest on school debt.

Other expenditures'

$6,935 Average annual salary of total instructional staff.'

7,272 Personal income I per member of the labor force,'

135. 44 Total expenditure for all schools per capita of total population.

3 019 National income s per capita of total population.

537.35 Current expenditure' per pupil in A.D.A 10

653.81 Total expenditure 12 for day schools per pupil in A.D.A.

14,943 National income per pupil in A.D.A.

3. 00 Current expenditure per day 13 per pupil in A.D.A.

3.65 Total expenditure for day schools per day per pupil in A.D.A.

Data in adjusted dollars 1895 -88 purchasing power

$2,648 $3,293

3, 047 3, 099

35.49 40.93

1,244 1,341

161.70 201. 30

202.33 241.64

7,171 8,003

. 93 1.14

1.17 1.37

$4,058

4, 584

52.95

2,049

281. 57

349. 01

13,904

1. 58

1.97

$5,623

5, 883

94.63

2,469

407.70

513.15

13,636

2. 29

2.88

$6,457

6 505

116.97

2,699

476.26

578.03

13,770

2.66

3.23

$6,935 Average annual salary of total instructional staff..

7, 272 Personal income per member of the labor force.

135. 44 Total expenditure for all schools per capita of total population.

3 019 National income per capita of total population.

537.35 Current expenditure per in A.D.A

653.81 Total expenditure for day schools per Pupil in A.D.A.

14,943 National income per pupil in A.D.A.

3. 00 Current expenditure per day per pupil in A.D.A.

3.65 Total expenditure for day schools per day per pupil in A.D.A.

6 Includes supervisors, principals, teachers, and other nonsupervisory instructional staff.

' Excludes current expenditures not allocable to pupil costs.

"A.D.A." means average daily attendance in elementary and secondary day

schools.

I ncludes interest on school debt.

$2 The expenditure figure used here is the sum of current expenditures allocable

to pupil costs, capital outlay, and interest on school debt.

27

13 Per-day rates derived by dividing annual rates by average length of term.

NOTE: Beginning in 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii. Because of rounding,

detail may not add to. totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of State School Systems."
Table 31.-Selected statistics of local public school systems, by enrollment size: United States, fall 1967

Item Total

Enrollment size of school system

25,000

Or more

10,000 to

24,999

5,000 to

9,999

2,500 to

4,999

300 to

2,499

Under

300

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Number of school systems 20, 173 172 534 1, 118 2, 041 7, 953 8, 355

Number of schools 93, 581 15, 553 12, 503 13, 505 15, 438 25, 860 10,722

Elementary only 68,184 11, 881 9, 463 10,141 11, 411 16,702 8, 586

Secondary only 22, 920 3, 542 2, 760 2, 803 3, 466 8, 438 1,911

Combined elementary and secondary 2, 477 130 280 561 561 720 225

Number of pupils enrolled 44, 528, 767 12, 696, 327 7, 733, 598 7, 529, 723 7, 019,199 8, 807, 443 742, 477

Elementary 27,292,241 7,734,600 4,726, 414 4,672, 916 4, 310,201 5,297, 386 550,724

Secondary 17, 236, 526 4, 961, 727 3, 007,184 2, 853, 807 2, 708, 998 3, 510, 057 191, 753

Average number of pupils per school:

All schools 476 816 619 558 4S5 341 69

Elementary schools 400 651 499 4 61 378 317 64

Secondary schools 752 1, 401 1, 090 1, 019 782 416 100

Classroom teachers. 1, 848, 842 496,186 313,705 3Q9, 808 295, 258 391, 309 42, 576

Elementary 1, 029, 891 278,695 172,722 174,925 163,058 211,626 28,865

Secondary 818,951 217,491 140,983 134,883 132,200 179,683 13,711

Average pupil-teacher ratio:

Both levels 24 26 25 24 24 23 17 Elementary 27 28 27 27 26 25 19

Secondary 21 23 21 21 20 20 14

Current expenditures 2 (in thousands) 822, 543, 800 $6, 758, 745 $3, 871, 635 $3, 770, 634 $3, 414, 992 $4, 320, 480 $407, 314

Allocated to pupil costs 2 (in thousands) 21, 986, 941 6, 581, 094 3,778,193 3,678,757 3,347,401 4,204,157 397,339

Other current expenditures 2 (in thousands) 553, 859 177,651 93,442 91,877 67,591 116,323 9,975

Average daily membership 2_ 42, 843,015 12, 237, 678 7, 455, 563 7, 243, 433 6,723,756 8, 458.422 724, 163

Current expenditures per pupil in average daily membership 2 $513 $538 $507 $508 $498 $497 $549

I Includes combined elementary and secondary schools.

2 Data are for the 1966-67 school year.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of Local Public School Systems, 1967."

Table 32.-Selected statistics on public elementary and secondary schools in

large cities: 1967-69

City

Fall 1968 1968-69

High school Estimated annual Estimated average annual

Classroom Pupil- graduates, current expendi- salary

Enrollment teachers teacher 196748 ture per pupil in

ratio average daily Total Instruc- Classroom

attendance tional staff teachers

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Baltimore, Md 192,169 8,147 23.6 7, 346 822 9,195 8, 936

Boston, Mass . 94, 766 4,115 73.0 3, 924 780 8, 802 8, 498

Chicago, Ill 554, 477 22, 639 24, 5 20, 659 928 10,158 9, 966

Cleveland, Ohio 153,043 5,666 27.0 6, 387 744 8, 900 8,169

Dallas, Tex 157, 272 6,042 26.0 8,164 553 7, 533 7,284

Detroit, Mich I 296,089 19, 618 I 30. 8 2 13, 935 3 571 3 8, 834 3 8, 416

Houston, Tex 245, 396 9,130 26.9 9, 811 506 7, 500 7, 200

Los Angeles, Calif 656,101 24, 800 26.5 32,199 685 10, 350 10,000

Milwaukee, Wis 130, 540 4, 750 27.5 6,683 705 9,100 8,700

New Orleans, La 110,846 4, 297 25.8 4, 681 632 8,000 7,775

New York, N.Y 1,128,000 56,000 20.0 57, 000 1,075 9, 500 9,100

Philadelphia, Pa 295, 224 11, 938 24.7 12, 836 909 9, 665 8, 948

San Francisco, Calif 93, 672 4, 173 22.4 5, 583 826 11,700 11, 300

St. Louis, Mo 116,102 4, 120 28.2 4,093 730 9, 215 8, 833

Washington, D.0 149, 020 7, 162 20.8 5,022 920 (4) 9, 400

I Data for fall 1967.

2 Data for 1965-66.

3 Data for 1966 -67.

4 Data not available.

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Fall Statistics of Public Schools, 1968 and 1966"; and "Statisticsof Local Public

School Systems, 1967."

28
Table 33.-Enrollment in special education programs for exceptional children: United States, February 1963 and 1966

Area of exceptionality 1

1963 1966 2

Total Local public Public and private Total Local public Public and private

enrollment schools residential schools enrollment schools residential schools

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total 1,112,351 1,570,370 111,111 2,101,200 1,171.900 127,300

28, 551 177; 056493 Visually handicapped 21,531 13,962 23, 300 15, 400 7, 900

802,197 802, 197

32, 700 18, 700

Crippled and special health problems

Emotionally and socially maladjusted

64, 842

79, 587

64, 842

30,871

334 48, 716

989, 590

69, 400

51, 400

989, 500

69, 400

32, 200

4555, 000769

Deaf and hard of hearing 45, 594

Speech impaired

38,653

87,900

195,100

Other handicapping conditions

431, 890

22,039 22,039 Mentally retarded 393, 237 540, 100

3 32,500

Gifted 214,671 214,671 33 3122, 52 312,100

1 Pupils are reported according to the major type of exceptionality for which SOURCE: U,S, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educathey are receiving special education. tion, unpublished data from the survey of "Special Education for Exceptional

2 Estimated by the Office of Education. Children."

3 Not included in survey of residential schools.

4 Includes education programs In public hospitals for the mentally III.

Table 34.-Enrollment in nonpublic elementary and secondary schools, by

church relationship and by region: 1965-66

Church relationship United

States

New

England

Mideast Great

Lakes

Plains Southeast Southwest Rocky

Mountains

Far West Outlying

areas

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 All nonpublic alimentary :shells 4,121,112 315,991 1,514,191 1,313,941 411,111 431,117 194,107 65,381 453,147 51,120

Nonchurch-related 181, 622 15, 463 60, 889 15, 334 5, 540 42, 420 8, 925 1, 763 31, 288 5, 378

Church-related 4, 747, 060 350, 528 1, 524, 009 1, 348, 614 456, 078 396, 467 185, 882 63, 623 421, 859 45, 742

Baptist 19, 287 2, 800 658 6, 459 2, 457 264 6, 649 1, 386

Christian Reformed 30, 065 142 1,118 18, 873 4,101 948 538 987 3, 358

Friends 5, 533 490 4, 675 290 78

Jewish 42,091 1,769 34,754 2,379 494 1,213 353 176 953

Lutheran 171,598 1,159 13,399 81,573 35,493 8,977 9,722 3,433 17,842

Methodist 3, 528 360 12 1, 434 590 1,132 953

Presbyterian 2,795 166 37 2,025 479 68 191 Protestant Episcopal 30, 633 675 7, 454 374 820 9, 691 5, S44 505 5, 170 1, 148

Roman Catholic 4, 370, 277 344, 966 1, 449,008 1, 236, 325 412, 431 353, 540 161, 096 55, 446 357, 465 40, 303

Seventh-day Adventist 44, 487 1,085 5,324 6,017 2, 0 58 6,619 2,127 1,929 19, 328 648

Other church-related 26, 766 242 4, 951 2, 415 632 5, 271 2, 576 883 9, 796 1,113

All nonpublic secondary schools 1,378,090 149,340 431,259 338,780 126,238 137,793 43,935 18,634 130,111 16,287

Nonchurch-related 159, 648 45, 210 42, 429 14, 646 4, 896 31, 037 5, 369 1,188 14, 873 3, 639

Church-related 1, 216, 442 104,130 388, 830 324,134 121, 342 106, 756 38, 566 17, 446 115, 238 12, 648

Baptist 5, 902 267 464 827 2, 948 488 131 777 26

Christian Reformed 12, 210 53 523 7, 786 1, 421 813 69 361 1,184

Friends 5, 039 678 3, 898 100 134 45 89 95

Jewish 10,498 300 8,773 1,010 84 141 8 182

Lutheran 16,923 1,535 9,380 3,481 287 294 520 1,426

Methodist 2,094 713 26 802 526 27 425

Presbyterian 1, 971 310 89 729 570 170 103

Protestant Episcopal 17, 949 3, 289 3, 648 593 949 4, 739 1, 369 158 3, 204 241

Roman Catholic 1,111, 048 98, 615 364,172 300, 998 112; 598 89, 326 32, 683 14, 558 98.098 11, 362

Seventh-day Adventist 18, 116 586 1,854 2,340 902 2,571 1,573 934 7,356 188

Other church-related 14, 692 342 2, 940 1,100 1, 658 4, 355 994 517 2, 786 406

NOTE.-The regional designations are as follows:

New England-Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont.

Mideast-Delaware, Dist. of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania.

Great Lakes-Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin.

Plains -Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota.

Southeast-Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia.

Southwest-Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas.

Rocky Mountains-Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, Wyoming.

Far West-Alaska, California, Hawaii, Nevada, Oregon, Washington.

Outlying areas-Canal Zone, Guam, Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Virgin Islands.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1965-66."

29
Table 35.-Enrollment in nonpublic elementary and secondary schools, by State:

1965-66

State

Total Elementary enrollment Secondary enrollment

elementary

and secondary

enrollment

Total In elementary In combined

schools only schools

Total In secondary In combined

schools only schools

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1,In1teg States 6,304,772 4,521,612 4,426,431 502,244 1,376,050 1,077,317 251,703

Alabama 30, 350 22, 855 19, 345 3, 510 7, 495 5, 096 2, 399

Alaska 2,459 1,535 1,275 260 924 801 123

Arizona 34, 578 27, 520 25, 957 1, 563 7, 058 5, 352 1,706

Arkansas 13,252 10,039 8,000 2,039 3,213 1,331 1,882

California 451, 328 354,207 326, 444 27,763 97,121 81, 044 16, 077

Colorado 45, 318 35, 058 27, 731 7, 327 10,260 5, 343 4, 917

Connecticut 124,249 86,983 75, 636 11, 347 37,266 33,176 4,090

Delaware 20, 534 15,218 11, 276 3, 942 5,316 2, 033 3,283

District of Columbia 23, 082 15, 354 12, 240 3,114 7,728 6, 017 1, 711

Florida 94, 381 77,472 68, 972 8, 500 16, 909 12, 816 4, 093

Georgia 29,147 19, 923 16, 989 2,934 9,224 6, 038 3,186

Hawaii 29, 970 19, 916 14, 354 5, 562 10, 054 3, 840 6,214

Idaho 9,311 7,934 7,129 805 1,377 1,133 244

Illinois 553,194 443,817 428,237 15, 580 109, 377 99, 872 9, 505

Indiana 141,737 115,515 112,080 3,435 26,222 24,470 1,752

Iowa 99, 954 74,994 64, 317 10, 677 24, 960 19,733 5,227

Kansas 51,249 39,767 37,178 2,589 11,482 10,267 1,215

Kentucky 93,428 71,366 65,240 6,126 22,062 16,729 5,333

Lou!siana 142, 822 112,748 91, 426 21, 322 30, 074 19, 854 10,220

Maine 31,199 19, 471 16,635 2, 836 11,728 10,194 1, 534

Maryland 138, 547, 108, 046 94,663 13, 383 30, 499 21, 980 8, 519

Massachusetts 256, 544 184,632 145, 547 39, 085 71, 912 52, 906 19, 006

Michigan 353,730 276,448 212,847 63,601 77,282 42,751 34,531

Minnesota 163,299 133,948 123,964 9,984 29,351 23,459 5,892

Mississippi 21, 521 16, 056 10,125 5, 931 5, 465 2, 403 3, 062

Missouri 176,263 139,190 130,215 8, 975 37, 073 30, 466 6,607

Montana 19, 093 14,850 13,728 1,122 4,243 3,658 585

Nebraska 59,212 45,255 35, 389 9, 866 13, 957 8, 054 5, 903

Nevada 4, 813 3,785 3,785 0 1, 028 1, 028 0

New Hampshire 35, 643 24, 980 23, 575 1, 405 10,663 10, 030 633

New Jersey 328,225 265,808 246,746 19, 062 62, 417 48, 079 14, 338

New Mexico 24, 587 19, 458 16, 026 3, 432 5,129 3, 096 2, 033

New York 904, 430 714, 508 656, 948 57, 560 189, 922 151, 731 38,191

North Carolina 22,603 17,770 14,296 3, 474 4, 833 3, 532 1, 301

North Dakota 19, 334 14, 452 12, 089 2,363 4, 882 3, 623 1,259

Ohio 381, 571 298, 044 285,135 12,909 83,527 74,719 8, 808

Oklahoma 18, 552 14, 909 11, 563 3,346 3,643 2, 026 1, 617

Oregon 35, 397 27,786 24, 708 3, 078 7, 611 6, 230 1, 381

Pennsylvania 601,341 465,964 426,892 39,072 135,377 112,560 22,817

Rhode Island 50, 891 40,167 26, 487 13, 680 10,724 7, 090 3, 634

South Carolina 16, 424 12,433 8, 885 3, 548 3, 991 1, 499 2, 492

South Dakota 18, 545 14, 012 10, 414 3, 598 4, 533 2, 726 1, 807

Tennessee 35,167 22,656 19,475 3,181 12,511 8,871 3,640

Texas 161, 025 132, 920 117, 253 15,667 28,105 17,356 10, 749

Utah 6,239 4,296 3, 616 680 1, 943 1,278 665

Vermont 16,805 9,758 8,429 1,329 7,047 6,215 832

Virginia 62,884 44,384 32,514 11,870 18,500 10,596 7,904

Washington 59,291 45, 918 38,143 7,775 13,373 8, 947 4, 426

West Virginia 14, 701 11,185 10, 348 837 3, 516 2,693 823

Wisconsin 272, 496 230,124 230, 124 0 42, 372 42, 372 0

Wyoming 4, 059 3,248 2, 048 1,200 811 274 537

Outlying areas:

Canal Zone 764 764 764 0 0 0 0

Guam 5, 313 3, 825 1, 688 2,137 1, 488 864 624

Puerto Rico 55, 586 41,761 17, 834 23,927 13, 825 4, 312 9, 513

Virgin Islands 4,243 3, 591 2,118 1, 473 652 273 379

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1965-66."
Table 36.-Estimated enrollment in regulars nonpublic elementary and secondary

day schools, by State: Fall 1969

State Total Elementary Secondary

1 2 3 4 United States 5,700,000 4,300,000 1,400,000

Alabama 27, 500 19, 900 7, 600

Alaska 2,200 1,300 900

Arizona 31, 200 24, 000 7, 200

Arkansas 12,100 8,800 3,300

California 407, 800 309, 000 98, 800

Colorado 41,000 30,600 10,400

Connecticut 113, 800 75, 900 37, 900

Delaware 18, 700 13, 300 5, 400

District of Columbia 21, 300 13, 400 7, 900

Florida 84,800 67,600 17,200

Georgia 26,800 17,400 9,400

Hawaii 27,600 17,400 10,200

Idaho 8, 300 6, 900 1, 400

Illinois 498,500 387,200 111, 300

Indiana 127, 500 100, 800 26, 700

Iowa_ 90,800 65,400 25,400

Kansas_ 46,400 34,700 11,700

Kentucky_ 84, 700 62, 300 22, 400

Louisiana 129, 000 98, 400 30, 600

Maine 28,900 17,000 11,900

Maryland 125,300 94, 300 31, 000

Massachusetts 234,300 161,100 73,200

Michigan 319,800 241,200 78,600

Minnesota 146,800 116,900 29,900

Mississippi.. 19,600 14,000 5,600

Missouri 159,100 121,400 37,700

Montana 17, 300 13, 000 4, 300

Nebraska 53,700 39,500 14,200

State

1 Total Elementary Secondary

2 3 4

Nevada 4,300 3,300 1,000

New .Tampshire 32, 600 21, 800 10, 800

New Jersey 295, 400 231, 900 63, 500

New Mexico 22, 200 17, 000 5,200

New York 816,600 623,300 193,300

North Carolina 20, 400 15, 500 4, 900

North Dakota 17, 600 12, 600 5, 000

Ohio 345, 000 260, 000 85, 000

Oklahoma 16, 700 13, 000 3, 700

Oregon 31,900 24,200 7,700

Pennsylvania 544,300 406,500 137,800

Rhode Island 45, 900 35, 000 10,900

South Carolina 14, 900 10, 800 4,100

South Dakota 16,800 12,200 4,600

Tennessee 32,500 19,800 12,700

Texas 144,600 116,000 28,600

Utah 5,700 3,700 2,000

Vermont 15, 700 8, 500 7, 200

Virginia 57, 500 38, 700 18, 800

Washington 53,700 40, 100 13,600

West Virginia 13, 400 9, 800 3,600

Wisconsin 243,900 200, 800 43,100

Wyoming 3, 600 2, 800 800

Outlying areas 61,100 44, 500 16,600

American Samoa 1,300 1, 000 300

Canal Zone 700 700

Guam 4, 800 3,300 1, 500

Puerto Rico 50, 500 36, 400 14, 100

Virgin Islands 3, 800 3,100 700

Excludes subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education and residential schools for exceptional children.

SOURCE: Estimated by Office of Education.

Table 37.-Enrollment of 3-, 4-, and 5-year-cld children

in preprimary programs, by age and type of program: United States, October 1968

'Numbers in thousands]

Enrollment status and type of

program

1

Total 3 years 4 years 5 years

3-5 years

old

old old old

2 3 4 5 Enrollment status

Total population 11,905 3,811 4,000 4,095

Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Enrolled 33.0 8, 3 22.8 66.0

Not enrolled in these programs 67.0 91.7 77.2 34.0

Type of program

Total enrolled 3,928 317 911 2,701

Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Prekindergarten 20. 8 93.4 48. 5 2. 9

Public

Nonpublic

Kindergarten 79.2 6. 6

Public 65.4 4. 1 Nonpublic 13.8 2.8 14.6 14.9

Table 38.-Enrollment in science and mathematics

courses in public high schools, by sex: United States,

1964-65

Course

1

Number of students enrolled

Total Boys Girls

2 3 4

All science courses 7, 243, 600 3, 892,100 3, 351, 500

General science 2, 175, 900 1, 143, 000 1, 032, 900

Biology 2, 694, 400 It 333, 400 1, 361, 000

Chemistry 1, 084, 600 606, 100 478, 500

Physics 526, 200 382, 200 144, 000

Other science courses 762, 500 427, 400 335,100

All mathematics courses 7, 496, 300 4, 149, 500 3, 346, 800

General mathematics 1, 785, 000 965, 300 819, 700

Elementary algebra 2, 260, 000 1,183, 700 It 076, 300

Intermediate and advanced algebra 1 1, 055, 300 607,100 448, 200

Plane geometry 2 1, 535, 600 831, 700 703, 900

Solid geometry 84, 900 58, 800 26, 100

Trigonometry 231, 100 152, 300 78, 800

Other mathematics courses 544, 400 350, 600 193, 800

6.7 24.9 15.1 1.7 I Includes enrollment in combined algebra and trigonometry courses. 14. 1 68.5 33.4 1.2 2 Includes enrollment in combined plane and solid geometry courses.

51.5 97.1

36.9 82.2

NOTE: Excluded from this table are 444,000 5-year-olds in elementary schools

above the kindergarten level and 156,000 6-year-olds in preprimary programs.

Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Preprimary Enrollment of Children Under Six: October 1968."

31

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

preliminary data from the survey of "Offerings and Enrollments in Science and

Mathematics in Public High Schools."
Table 39.Enrollment in science and mathematics

courses in public high schools compared with total enrollment in grades 9-12 and population aged 14-17: United States, 1948-49 to 1962-63

Table 40.Enrollment in foreign languages in public and nonpublic secondary schools: United States, fall 1964

Item

Enrollment, by year Percent

of increase1948-49

to

1962-63

Language Enrollment Percentage

distribution

Percent of

total secondary

school enrollment

1948-49 1954-55 I 1958-59 1962-63

1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4 5 6 ALL SCHOOLS I

All foreign languages

Modern foreign languages

Spanish

French

German

!talian

Russian

Other languages

Latin

PUBLIC SCHOOLS

All foreign languages

Modern foreign languages

Spanish

French

German

Italian

Russian

Other languages

Latin

5, 023,108 100. 0 29, 9

All science

MOW

General science_.._

Biology

Chemistry

Physics

Other science

All mathematics

courses Elementary algebra

Intermediate algebra

General mathematics

Plane geometry

Solid geometry_ _ _ Trigonometry

Other mathematics

Total enrollment

grades 9-12...__

Population age

group 14-17 2___

2, 945, 000 4, 610, 000 6, 020, 000 104

70

150

108

37

161 128

4, 045, 821 80. 5 24. 1

1, 074,

996,

412,

291,

172,

000

000

000

000

000

It 294, 000

483, 000

303, 000

1,581,000

1, 677, 000

657, 000

379, 000

376, 000

1,827,000

2, 487, 000

859, 000

397, 000

450, 000

1, 874, 359

It 753, 274

346, 298

32, 105

25, 808

13, 977

37.3

34.9

6.9

.6

.5

.3

11.2

10.4

2. 1

.2

.2

. 1 2, 958, 000 5, 108, 000 6,131, 000 977, 887 19. 5 5.8

1, 042, 000

372,000

650, 000

599, 000

94, 000

109, 000

92, 000

5, 399, 000

8, 703, 000

It 205, 000

432,000

800, 000

664, 000

147, 000

170, 000

6, 583, 000

9, 012, 000

It 775, 000

643,000

1, 024, 000

979, 000

106, 000

220, 000

361, 000

7, 841, 000

10, 635, 000

2,131, 000

1, 017, 000

1, 213, 000

1, 454, 000

73, 000

204, 000

639, 000

10, 050, 000

12, 522, 000

105

173

87 143 22

87

595

86

44

4, 125, 530 100. 0 26, 5

3, 516, 176 85. 2 22. 5

It 690, 221

1,447,010

313, 430

27, 709

23, 829

13, 977

41.0

35.1

7.6

.7

.6

.3

10.8

9.3

2.0

.2

.2

. 1 609,354 14.8 3.9

I Enrollment estimates based on sample survey.

2 Data from Bureau of the Census, "Current Population Reports," Series P-20,

No. 127, and Series P-25, No. 193.

NOTE: Data are for 48 States and District of Columbia prior to 1962-63.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Offerings and Enrollments in Science and Mathematics in Public High

Schools, 1962."

Includes public school enrollment plus an estimate for the nonpublic schools.

NOTE: Includes enrollment in 7th and 8th grades which are administratively

organized as part of secondary schools.

SOURCE: Modern Language Association of America, "Foreign Language Offerings

and Enrollments in Secondary Schools, Fall 1964."

Table 41.Enrollment in selected subjects in public high schools related to total enrollment in the grades in which

the subjects are usually offered: United States, 1960-61

Field and subject

1 Grade

Enrollment

Number Percent 2 3 4 English :

Grade 9

Grade 10

Grade 11

Grade 12

College level English

Honors courses

World literature

Speech and public speaking

Creative writing

Journalism

Social studies:

United States history

World history

Civics (elementary)

Civics (advanced)

Problems of democracy

Economics

Psychology

9 2, 397, 708 98.2

10 2, 072, 940 97.8

11 1, 838, 189 96.1

12 1, 469, 897 84.2

12 9, 220 .5

12 2,381 .1

12 66, 701 3.8

11 454, 347 23.8

12 38, 097 2.2

12 136, 071 7.8

11 1,994,068 n `104.3

10 1, 471, 531 69.4

9 732 609 30.0

12 780, 123 44.7

12 380, 453 21.8

12 293,175 16.8

12 140, 377 8.0

Field and subject

1 Grade

Enrollment

Number Percent 2 3 4 Sociology or social problems

Mathematics:

General mathematics (elementary)

General mathematics (advanced)

Advanced high school or college mathematics

Elementary algebra

Intermediate and advanced algebra_ _ _ Plane geometry

Solid geometry

Trigonometry

Trigonometry-algebra, integrated

Science:

General science

1st-year biology

1st-year chemistry

1st-year physics , Advanced general and physical science_

12 289,408 16.6

9 It 027, 205 42.1

12 349, 989 20.0

12 40, 031 2.3

9 1, 607, 356 65.8

11 741, 661 38.8

10 959,825 45.3

12 173,196 10.0

12 246,225 14.1

11 22,995 1.2

9 It 549, 271 63.5

10 1, 686, 318 79.6

11 708,143 37. 0

12 385, 148 22. 1

12 276, 816 15.9

I The percent is the ratio of the course enrollment to the total enrollment in the

grade where the course is usually offered. 2 The enrollment in United States history exceeds 100 percent because some

students in other grades also enrolled in this course.

32

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Subject Offerings and Enrollments in Public Secondary Schools."
Table 42.-Enrollment in federally aided vocational education classes, by type of program and level of instruction: United States and outlying areas, fiscal years 1966 to 1968

Level and type of program 1966 1967 1968

Percentage

change,

1966 to 1968

1 2 3 4 5 All programs 6.070,059 7,047,501 7,533,936 24.1

Secondary 3, 048, 248 3, 532, 823 3, 842, 896 26. 1

Postsecondary 442, 097 499,906 592, 970 34. 1

Adult 2, 530,712 2, 941,109 2, 987, 070 18. 0

Special needs 49, 002 73, 663 III, 000 126.5

Agriculture 907, 354 935,170 851, 158 -6.2

Secondary 510, 279 508, 675 528,146 3.5

Postsecondary 5,987 8,093 11,036 84. 3

Adult 390, 388 413, 454 305, 357 -21.8

Special needs 700 4, 948 6, 619 845.6

Distributive 420, 426 481, 034 574, 785 36. 7

Secondary 101,728 151,378 175,816 72.8

Postsecondary 15, 833 21, 003 44, 824 183.1

Adult 301,116 303,783 349,730 16.1

Special needs 1, 749 4, 870 4, 415 152.4

Health 83, 677 115, 109 140, 987 68.5

Secondary 9, 793 16, 734 20, 952 113.9

Postsecondary 36, 496 54,135 64, 592 77. 0

Adult 37, 065 42, 721 52, 865 42.6

Special needs 323 1, 519 2, 578 698. 1

Home economics 1, 897, 670 2, 186, 992 2, 283, 338 20.3

Secondary 1, 280, 254 1, 475, 235 1, 558, 004 21.7

Postsecondary 2, 652 3, 506 4, 395 65.7

Adult 602, 363 685, 225 677, 478 12. 5

Special needs 12, 401 23, 026 43, 461 250. 5

Office 1, 238, 043 1, 572, 335 1, 735, 997 40.2

Secondary 798, 368 985, 398 1,059,656 32. 7

Postsecondary 165,439 192,639 225,182 36.1

Adult 271, 149 389,194 443, 481 63. 1

Special needs 3, 087 5,104 7, 678 148.7

Technical., 253, 838 266, 054 269, 832 6. 3

Secondary 28, tit15 27, 614 36, 286 25.7

Postsecondary 100,151 97,156 104, 746 4.6

Adult 124, 730 140, 431 127, 418 2.2

Special needs 92 853 1, 382 1, 402.2

Trades and industry 1, 269, 051 1, 490, 807 1, 628, 542 28.3

Secondary 318,961 367,789 421,719 32.2

Postsecondary 115, 539 123, 374 137, 732 19.2

Adult 803, 901 966, 301 1, 030, 723 28. 2

Special needs 30, 650 33, 343 38, 368 25. 2

Other 49,297

Secondary 42,317

Postsecondary 463

Adult 18

Special needs 6, 499

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, annual reports on "Vocational and Technical Education," and unpublished data.

33
Table 43.-Enrollment in federally aided vocational classes, by type of program:

United States and outlying areas, 1920 to 1968

Type of program

Fiscal year Total Agriculture Distributive

occupations

Home

economics

Trades and

industry

Health

occupations

Technical

education

Office

occupations

4 5 6 7 8 9 -

1920 265,058 31,301 48,938 184,819

1930 981,882 188,311 174,967 618,601

1940 2, 290, 741 584,133 129, 433 818, 766 758, 409

1942 2, 624, 786 605, 099 215, 049 954, 041 850, 597

1911 2, 001,153 469, 959 181, 509 806, 605 543, 080

1946 2, 227, 663 510,331 174,672 911,81G 630,844 . 1948 2, 836, 121 640, 791 292, 936 I, 139, 766 762, 628

1950 3,364,613 764, 975 364, 670 I, 430, 366 804,602

1952. 3, 165, 988 746,402 234,984 1,391, 389 793,213

1951 3, 164, 851 737,502 220,619 1,380,147 826,583

1956 3, 413, 159 785,599 257,025 I, 486, 816 883,719

1958 3, 629, 339 775, 892 282, 558 1, 559, 822 983, 644 27,123

1960 3, 768, 149 796,237 303,784 I, 588, 109 938,'90 40,250 101,279

1962. 4,072,677 822,664 321,065 1,725,660 1,005,383 48,985 148,920

1964 4, 566, 390 860, 605 334, 126 2, 022, 138 I, 069, 274 59,006 221,241

1966 6, 070, 059 907,354 420,426 1,897,670 1,269,051 83, 677 253, 838 I, 238, 043

1967 , 7,047, 501 935,170 481,034 2, 186, 992 I, 490, 807 115,109 266,054 I, 572, 335

1968 1 7, 533, 936 851, 158 574, 785 2, 283, 338 I, 628, 542 110, 987 269, 832 I, 735, 997

1 includes 49,297 enrollees not classified by type of program. tion, annual reports on "Vocational and Technical Education"; and unpublished

data.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of EduceTable 44.-Number and percent of public school pupils transported at public expense, and current expenditures for transportation: United States, 1929-30

to 1967-68

School year Total

enrollment

Pupils transported at public

expense

Expenditure of public funds

Number Percent of

total enrollment

Total,

excluding

capital outlay

(in thousands)

Average

cost per

pupil transported

1 2 3 1 5 6

1929-30 25, 678, 015 1,902, 826 7.1 $51,823 $28.81

1931-32 26, 275, 111 2, 419, 173 9.2 58, 078 24.01

1933-31 26, 434, 193 2, 794, 721 10.6 53,908 19.29

1935-36 26, 367,098 3, 250,658 12.3 62, 653 19.27

1937-38 25,975,108 3, 769, 212 11.5 75,637 20.07

1939-10 25, 433, 512 4, 144, 161 16.3 83, 283 20.10

1941 -42 24, 562,473 4, 503,081 18.3 92,922 20.64

1943-44 23,266,616 4, 512,412 19.4 107, 754 23.88

1945-46 23,299,911 5,056,966 21.7 129, 756 25.66

1947- 18. -_. 23, 944, 532 5, 851,011 21.1 176,265 30.11

1949-50 25,111, 427 6, 947,384 27.7 214, 504 30.88

1951-52 26, 562,664 7,697,130 29.0 268, 827 34.93

1953 -54 ' 25,643, 871 1 8,411,719 32.8 307,137 1 36.55

1955-56 1 27, 710,119 1 9,695,819 353,972 1 36. 51

1957-58 1 29, 722, 275 1 10,861, 689 36. 5 416,491 1 38.34

1959-60 1 32, 177, 440 1 12, 225,112 37.6 186, 338 1 39.78

1961-62 1 34,682, 340 1 13, 222,667 38.1 576, 361 1 13.59

1963-64 1 37.105, 058 1 14,475, 778 38.7 673, 845 1 46.55

1965-66 1 39,154, 497 1 15, 536, 567 39. 7 787, 358 1 50.68

1967-68 2 1 10, 960, 000 1 16, 550, 000 40.1 910, 250 1 55.00

I Pupils in average daily attendance. 2 Estimated.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of State School Systems," and unpublished data.

34
Table 45.-Number of full-time and part-time classroom teachers in public

elementary and secondary day schools, by level and State: Fall 1968 and fall

1969

State

Fall 1968 fall 19691

Total Elementary Secondary Tote Elementary Secondary

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Umftsd States 1,142.715 1.071,251 113,532 1,117,000 1,017,000 100,010

Alabama 32,150 16, 500 15, 650 32, 900 16, 600 16, 300

Alaska 3,269 1,995 1, 274 3, 300 2, 000 1, 300

Arizona 17, 459 12, 012 5,447 17,800 12,100 5,700

Arkansas 19, 659 9, 534 10,125 20, 200 9, 600 10, 600

California 176, 500 107, 000 69,500 180,200 107, 700 72, 500

Colorado 26,772 I 14,1:3 1 12,663 27,400 14,200 13,200

Connecticut 29,836 17,741 12, 095 10, 500 17, 900 12, 600

Delaware 5,451 2,656 2,795 5,600 2,700 2,900

District of Columbia 7,162 3,825 3, 337 7, 400 3, 900 3, 500

Florida 57, 384 30,150 27, 234 58,800 30,400 28,400

Georgia 41, 635 25, 474 16,161 42,500 25,700 16,800

Hawaii 7,281 4,367 2,914 7,400 4,400 3,000

Idaho 7,763 3,687 4,076 7,900 3,700 4,200

Illinois 100,152 59, 278 40,874 102,300 59,700 42,600

Indiana 50,212 27,687 22,525 51,400 27,900 23,500

Iowa 33, 055 16, 643 16, 412 33,900 16, 800 17,100

Kansas 23, 864 13, 228 10, 636 24, 400 13, 300 11,100

Kentucky 29,170 17,764 11,406 29,800 17,900 11,900

Louisiana., 36, 160 20, 069 16, 091 37, 000 20, 200 16, 800

Maine 11,617 7,650 3,967 111,800 7,700 4,100

Maryland 3 346 19, 420 17, 926 38,300 19, 600 18, 700

Massachusetts 51,451 28, 383 23, 074 52,600 28, 600 24, 000

Michigan 90,500 42,500 48,000 92,800 42,800 50, 000

Minnesota 40, 491 19, 896 20, 595 41, 500 20, 000 21, 500

Mississippi 22, 056 12, 076 9,980 22,600 12,200 10, 400

Missouri 42,193 29,148 13, 045 43, 000 29,400 13, 600

Montana 8, 232 5, 331 2,901 8,400 5, 400 3, 000

Nebraska 16, 876 8, 836 8, 040 17, 300 8, 960 8, 400

Nevada 4, 910 2, 568 2, 342 5, 000 2, 600 2, 400

New Hampshire 6,757 3, 628 3,129 7, 000 3,700 3, 300

New Jersey 66,384 39,177 27,207 67,800 39,400 28,400

New Mexico 11, 083 5, 880 5,203 11, 300 5,900 5, 400

New York 168, 950 88, 000 80, 950 173, 000 88, 600 84, 400

North Carolina 49, 494 32, 885 16, 609 50,400 33,100 17, 300

North Dakota 7,366 4,359 3,007 7,500 4,400 3,190

Ohio 97,860 56,180 41,680 99,900 56,500 43,400

Oklahoma 28, 239 14, 452 13,787 29, 000 14, 600 14, 400

Oregon 26,027 14,415 11,612 26,600 14,500 12,100

Pennsylvania 100,176 49,116 51, 060 102,700 49, 560 53,200

Rhode Island 7,937 4, 036 3,901 8,200 4,100 4,100

South Carolina_ 27,145 15, 235 11, 910 27, 700 15, 300 12,400

South Dakota 9,204 5, 987 3, 217 9, 4 00 6, 000 3,400

Tennessee 33, 325 20, 325 13, 000 34, 000 20, 500 13, 500

Texas 113,665 60,461 53,204 116,300 60,800 55,500

Utah 10,906 5,743 5,163 11,200 5, 800 5, 400

Vermont 5,237 2,794 2, 443 5, 300 2, 800 2, 500

V;;ginia 45, 050 24, 943 20,107 46,100 25,100 21, 000

Washington 32, 606 17, 904 14, 702 33, 300 18, 000 15, 300

West Virginia 16, 299 8, 688 7, 611 16, 700 8, 800 7, 900

Wisconsin 44, 044 23, 286 20,758 45,100 23, 500 21, 600

Wyoming 4, 419 2, 232 2, 187 4, 500 2, 200 2, 300

Outlying areas 22,226 13,461 1,751 22,700 13,500 8,200

American Samoa

Canal Zone

Guam

Puerto Rico 20,

378

603

855

390 12,

293

341

474

360 8,

85

262

381 030 20,

400

600

900

800 12,

300

300

500

400 8,

100

300

400

400

Estimated.

35

:366-004 0-70 4

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Fall 1968 Statistics of Public Schools," and Office of Education estimates.
Table 46.-Instructional staff in public elementary and secondary day schools, by type of position and by State: 1965-66

State

Total

instrUctional

staff

Principals

(including

assistant

principals)

Consultants

or supervisors

of

Instruction

Classroom teachers and other nonsupervisory personnel I

Classroom

teachers

Librarians Guidance

personnel

Other nonPsychological supervisory

personnel rostructional

personnel 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Ve..... .. 1,114,511 77,341 21,514 1,710,111 21,115 33,64$ 3,111 1.115

Alabama ... 31,784 1,169 182 230,433 ...- ...... (9 Alaska ..... ArUons ....... ...... 3,022

16, 795

171750 31 2262,736

15, 066

52

377

41

366

4

43

2

Arkansas. daowm.. 44 California .. .... . ........

wo. ... . : 198

1791,1,156 8,

6

237

40 so

2, 431

18,004

154,772

285

1,425

209

3,835 456

Colorado 23,674 94 8 279 21,710 332 405 Connecticut ..... . _ .......... 27,967 1, 300 266 25,291 271 733 106 Delaware . ........... 5,160 185 49 4,728 95 86 14 3 District of ...... ...... , 637 253 143 5,699 89 237 30 186 Florida ... ......................... 565,425 1,992 430 49,101 1,587 1,107 591 617

Georgia 43,089 1, 520 533 39,320 1,111 605 Hawaii 6,815 337 44 6,119 171 136 8

Idaho.... go, ........ " 8, 044 332 137 7,183 151 238 3

Illinois 92, 511 3,440 1, 765 84,027 1,284 1,480 208 307 Indiana ..... - ..... . . - ..... 48, 571 2, 259 619 43, 934 598 816 48 297

Iowa 39,338 1,479 599 34,175 520 674 100 1,791 Kansas' ....... -.... .________ 26,361 1,121 184 24,072 511 425 48

Kentucky 27, 693 1,166 240 25,059 632 299 5 292

Louisiana 34,285 1, 431 259 31,323 853 415 4

Maine 10,040 604 71 9,143 69 153

Maryland 35,658 1,723 533 31,772 650 798 84 98

Massachusetts 47, 768 1,830 703 43,689 328 978 73 167

Michigan 83,881 3,115 980 76,995 768 1,685 236 102

Minnesota 38, 585 1, 427 351 35,272 862 673 Miuluippl..., ........ . .._...... _ 21, 966 069 106 20,249 389 253

Missouri 4 40,076 1,724 271 36,551 546 984

Montana 8, 217 310 46 7,573 106 174 1 7 Nebraska 16, 245 525 133 15,029 176 255 6 12

Nevada 4, 805 217 23 4,370 83 112

New Hampshire 5, 933 233 13 5,544 41 100 1 1 New Jassy 65,751 2,170 599 60,520 808 1,242 271 141 New Mexico 11,843 625 101 10,673 181 237 26

New York 171,465 6,153 2, 692 154,609 2,705 3, 503 929 874

North Carolina 48,631 1, 976 372 44,172 1,621 470 15 5

North Dakota 7, 366 252 39 6, 940 73 62

Ohio 91, 528 4,003 614 83,587 1,089 1,587 222 426

Oklahoma 24, 672 2,074 170 21,495 203 275 15 440

Oregon 22,332 1,115 183 19,306 424 386 6 912

Pennsylvania 93,072 2,779 1,517 85,640 1,281 1,730 125 9

Rhode Island.. 7,472 303 105 6,745 107 190 5 17 South Carolina 25,394 877 288 23,073 615 540 1 South Dakota 8, 918 246 48 8,269 124 162 26 43

Tennessee 33, 926 1, 226 285 31,245 738 416 16

Texas 111,955 4,648 650 103,703 1, 670 2 1, 284 (3)

Utah 12,231 485 135 10,942 282 301 19 67

Vermont 3,959 116 17 3,734 43 49

Virginia 45,883 2, 203 659 41,031 859 1,131

Washington 32, 550 1, 553 646 28,164 563 645 83 896

West Virginia 17, 527 1, 576 148 15,276 207 144 1 175

Wisconsin 4 42, 592 1,420 569 38,483 933 931 84 172

Wyoming 4, 743 188 50 4,342 77 83 3

Oetlyieg arms 22,241 1,017 403 20,027 114 211 7 114

American Samoa 395 56 10 4 3 1 13

Canal Zone

Guam

Puerio Rico

646

702

20,059

21

44

861

15

28

540

569

595

18,165

6

16

164

1718

241

4

11 14 87

Virgin Islands 446 35 10 390 4 7

I Data In each of the categories of nonsupervisory instructional staff are shown

for those States reporting such Information. In some States, classroom teachers

may Include other nonsupervisoiy personnel (librarians, guidance personnel, eii;.)

when such parsonne! have not bon separately given.

2 includes personnel In other columns identified by footnote 3.

a See footnote 2.

36

4 Excludes data for vocational high schools not reported as part of the regular

public school system.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Statistics of State School Systems, 1965-66."
Table 47.-Estimated number of classroom teachers in Table 48.-Number of teachers of federally aided

regular I nonpublic elementary and secondary day vocational education classes, by type of program:

schools, by State: Fall 1969 United States and outlying areas, fiscal years 1966 to

1968

State

1 Total Elementary Secondary

2 3 4

Belted States 235,000 150,000 15,000

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

District of Columbia

Florida

1,410

160

1,410

590

17, 500

2, 260

5, 830

840

1, 240

4, 040

840

70

900

360

11, 430

1, 400

2, 910

480

600

2, 770

570

90

510

230

6, 070

860

2, 920

360

640

1, 270

Georgia 1,520 770 750

Hawaii 1, 380 720 660

Idaho 330 230 100

Illinois 18, 050 12, 300 5, 750

Indiana 4, 850 3, 370 1, 480

Iowa 4, 010 2, 540 1, 470

Kansas 1,950 1,230 720

Kentucky 3, 500 2,100 1, 400

Louisiana 5, 420 3, 640 1, 780

Maine 1,470 580 890

Maryland 5, 510 3, 300 2, 210

Massachusetts 10, 270 5, 600 4, 670

Michigan 11, 350 7, 380 3, 970

Minnesota 6,210 4,290 1,920

Mississippi 1, 040 650 390

Missouri 6, 680 4, 210 2, 470

Montana 750 490 260

Nebraska 2,360 1,470 890

Nevada 200 140 60

New Hampshire ........ 1,630 810 820

New Jersey 11, 200 7, 260 3, 940

New Mexico 1, 080 670 410

New York 32, 920 22, 090 10, 790

North Carolina 1, 240 750 490

North Dakota 890 540 350

Ohio 12, 610 8,170 4, 440

Oklahoma 870 580 290

Oregon 1,480 930 550

Pennsylvania 19, 390 12, 130 7, 260

Rhode Island 1, 940 1, 230 710

South Carolina 870 550 320

South Dakota 890 530 360

Tennessee 1,910 970 940

Texas 7,110 5,070 2,040

Utah 300 140 160

Vermont 870 320 550

Virginia 3, 280 1, 730 1, 550

Washington 2, 280 1, 410 870

West Virginia 630 360 270

Wisconsin 9, 330 6, 870 2, 460

Wyoming 190 120 70

Outlying ;sus 2,430 1,560 930

American Samoa 50 30 20

Canal Zone 20 20

Guam 160 90 70

Puerto Rico 2, 090 1, 300 790

Virgin Islands 170 120 50

I Excludes subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education and

residential schools for exceptional children.

SOURCE: Estimated by Office of Education.

37

Type of program 1966 1967 1968

1 2 3 4 All Oration" 124,042 192,511 146,524

Agriculture 11, 765 11, 849 12, 278

Distributive 7, 636 7, 523 8, 603

Health 3, 652 5,153 6, 508

Home economics 25, 943 27, 744 29, 224

Office 23,111 29, 431 31, 405

Technical 8,399 9,637 10,318

Trades and industry 38, 736 40, 248 47, 741

Other. _.., 4,800 996 447

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, annual reports on "Vocational and Technical Education"; and unpublished

data.

Table 49.-Estimated number of classroom teachers in

regular I nonpublic secondary schools: United States,

fall 1969

Teaching field

Classroom teachers

Number Percent 3

1 2 All fields. 115,000 100.0

English 14, 020 16. 5

Social studies 12,160 14. 3

Religion 10, 880 12. 8

Mathematics 9, 690 11.4

Foreign languages 9,350 11.0

Health and physical education 8,920 10.5

Science 7, 220 8. 5

Business education 4, 840 5. 7

Music 4,680 5.5

Art 1, 280 1.5

Home economics 940 1. 1

Industrial arts and vocational education 600 .7

All other 420 .5

I Excludes subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education and

residential schools for exceptional children.

SOURCE: Estimated by Office of Education.
Table 50.Selected characteristics of public school teachers, by level and by

sex: United States,1965-66

Item All teachers Elementary Secondary Men Women

1 2 3 4 5 6

Highest degree held;

No 4-year degree

Bachelor's degree.

Master's degrea

Professional diploma based on 6 years of college study

Doctor's degree

percent.. do....

do....

do....

do

7.0

69.6

21.9

1, 3

1

12, 9

71, 4

14.9

, 8

0.6

67.7

29.6

1. 9

. 3

1, 6

63.2

32.2

2,6

.4

9. 5

72.6

17.2

.7

Average (mean) years of teaching experience 11, 8 13, 4 10.0 9.0 13.1

Average number of how's at school required of teachers per school day 7. 3 7. 2 7. 4 7.4 7.3

Average number of sours per week devoted to teaching duties 47. 4 46. 5 48. 3 47.8 47.2

Average number tai days of classroom teaching in school year 1965-66 180, 6 180.7 180. 4 180. 7 180. 5

Average annual salary as classroom teacher dollars.. $6, 253 6, 119 6, 399 6, 62.) 6, 07/

Average age (in years) 38.7 41. 1 36.2 35.0 40.5

Sex percent 100.0 31. 1 68.9

Marital status;

Married do.. 69. 1 67.5 70. 7 78.2 65. 0

Single do.... 22.0 20.2 23.8 19.8 22.9

Widowed, separated, divorced do. 9. 0 12, 3 5.4 2. 1 12.2

NOTE: Data are based on reports received from a sample of 2,344 teachers,

Because of rounding, percents may not add to 100.0.

Table 51.Public secondary school teachers, by teaching field and by sex: United States, 1965-66

Teaching field in which largest portion All teachers Men Women

of time was spent

SOURCE: National Education Association, Research Division, Research Report

1967-R4, "The American Public-School Teacher, 1965-66." (Copyright () 1967

by the National Education Association. All rights reserved.)

Table 52.Average annual salary of instructional staff

in public elementary and secondary day schools, and average annual earnings of full-time employees in all

industries, in unadjusted dollars and adjusted dollars: United States, 1929-30 to 1968-69

1 2 3 4 Unadjusted dollars Adjusted dollars (1968-69

purchasing power) I All Ileitis:

Number 734, 159 395, 940 338, 219

Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0

School year Salary per

member of

instructional

staff

Earnings per

full-time employee working for wages

or salary 2

Salary per

member of

instructional

staff

Earnings per

full-time employee working for wages

or salary 2 Agriculture 1.6 2. 9

Art 2.0 1.5 2.6

Business education 7. 0 4.9 9. 5

English_ 18.1 11.4 26.1

Foreign language 6.4 4.2 9.1

Health and physical education 6.9 6.6 7.3

Home economics 5.9 13.0

Mathematics 13.9 15. 0 12.6

Science 10.8 15.7 5.1

Social studies 15.3 19.4 10.5

Music 4.7 5.4 3.8

Industrial arts 5.1 9.3

Special education . 4 .3 . 4

Others 1.9 3.5

1 2 3 4 5 1929-30

1931-32

1933-34

1935-36

1937-38

1939-40

1941-42

1943-44

194L-46

1947-48

1949-50

1951-52

1953-54

1955-56

1957-58

1959-60

1961-62

1963-64

1965-66

1967-682

1968-69 3

$1, 420

1,417

1, 227

1, 283

1, 374

1, 441

1, 507

1,728

1, 995

2, 639

3, 010

3,450

3, 825

4,156

4, 702

5,174

5, 700

6,240

6,935

7,630

8, 200

$1, 386

1,198

1, 070

1,160

1, 244

1, 282

1, 576

2,030

2, 272

2, 692

2, 930

3, 322

3, 628

3, 942

4, 276

4, 632

4, 928

5,373

5,834

6,395

6, 780

$2, 955

3, 502

3, 303

3, 327

3, 421

3, 675

3, 446

3,537

3, 899

4, 034

4, 529

4, 676

5, 067

5, 509

5.862

6, 275

6, 755

7,205

7,739

7,992

8, 200

$2, 885

2, 961

2, 880

3, 008

3, 097

3, 264

3,60,

4, 153

4, 440

4,115

4, 408

4, 502

4, 806

5, 225

5, 331

5, 617

5,840

6,204

6,510

6,699

6, 780

NOTE: Percents are based on reports received from a sample of 1,088 teachers;

because of rounding, they may not add to 100.0.

SOURCE: National Education Association, Research Division, Research Report

1967-R4, "The American Public-School Teacher, 1965-66; and Research Report 1966-R20, "Estimates of School Statistics, 1966-67." (Copyright © 1967 and

1966, respectively, by the National Education Association. All rights reserved.)

I Based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics,

U.S. Department of Labor.

2 Calendar-year data from the U.S. Department of Commerce have been converted

to a school-year basis by averaging the 2 appropriate calendar years in each case. 3 Estimated.

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of State School Systems"; and "Fall Statistics of Public Schools. 33"

U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics, "Survey of

Current 61,4iness," July issues, 1962, 1966, and 1968; "U.S. Income and Output";

and "National Income," 1954 edition.

38
Table 53.-Estimated average annual salary of classroom teachers in public elementary and secondary schools: United States, 1955-56 to 1968-69

School

Average salary (in dollars) Average salary index (1955-56=100.0)

year

All teachers Elementary Seconder/

teachers teachers

AU teachers Elementary

teachers

Secondary

teachers ..

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1955-56 $4, 055 $3, 852 $4, 409 100.0 100.0 100. 0

1956-57 4, 239 4,044 4, 581 104.5 105.0 103.9

1957-58 4, 571 4, 373 4,894 112.7 113.5 III. 0

1958-59 4, 797 4,607 5,113 11&3 119.6 116.0

1959-60 4,995 4, 815 5, 276 123.2 125.0 119.7

1960-61 5, 275 5, 075 5, 543 130.1 131. 7 125.7

1961-62 5, 515 5,340 5,775 136.0 138.6 131.0

1962-63 5, 732 5,560 5,980 141. 4 144. 3 135.6

1963-64 5,995 5,805 6,266 147.8 150.7 142.1

1964-65 6,195 5,985 6, 451 152.8 155.4 146.3

1965-66 6, 485 6, 279 6,761 159.9 163.0 153,3

1966-67 6, 830 6,622 7.109 163.4 171.9 161.2

1967-68 7, 423 7, 208 7,692 183. 1 187. 1 174.5

1968-69 7,908 7,676 8, 160 195.0 199.3 185.1

SOURCE: National Education Association, Research Division, Research Report 1969-R5, "Economic Status of the Teaching Profession, 1968-69." (Copyright © 1969

by the National Education Association. All rights reserved.)

Table 54.-Percentage distribution of estimated annual salaries paid classroom

teachers in public elementary and secondary schools: United States, 1952-53

to 1968-69

School year

Percent of classroom teachers paidLess than

$3, 500

$3,500-

4,499

84.500-

5,499

$5, 500-

6,499

$6,500-

7, 499

$7, 500-

8,499

$8,500-

9, 499

$9, 500-

10, 499

$10, 500 or more

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1952-53 62.0 25.0 I 13. 0

1953-54 55.8 26.6 I 17. 6

1954-55 48. 5 29.2 I 22. 3

1955-56 42.6 31.4 I 26.0

1956-57 35. 0 33. 0 I 32. 0

1957-58 25.6 33. 5 I 40.9

1958-59 17.0 31.7 26.7 15.7 2 8. 9

1959-60 12.8 29.7 28.2 17.4 211.9

1960-61 9,2 26.0 27.2 19.3 10.9 3 7. 4

1961-62 5. 7 20.9 28.9 22. 6 12.9 3 9.0

1962-63 4.3 17.7 28.0 23.4 14.5 8.1 4 4. 0

1963-64 2.7 14.2 28.6 24.2 15.1 9.0 '6.3

1964-65 1.6 11.9 27.0 24.7 16.6 10.1 5.5 I 2.6

1965-66 . 8 8. 0 22. 7 26. 8 19. 1 11. 5 6.6 1 4, 5

1966-67 . 3 4. 1 19.7 26.7 19.8 13.2 8.6 4. 5 3. 1 1967-68 6 2.1 11.5 25.5 22.0 15.3 10. 5 6.6 6.5

1968-69 6 1.0 7.0 19.9 22.5 18. 5 13.6 9.2 S. 3

I $4,500 or more; detailed breakdown not available.

2 $6,500 or more; detailed breakdown not available.

3 $7,500 or more; detailed breakdown not available.

4 $8,500 or more; detailed breakdown not available.

s $9,500 or more; detailed breakdown not available.

39

6 Less than $4,500; detailed breakdown not available.

SOURCE: National Education Association, Research Division, Research Report

1969-R5, "Economic Status of the Teaching Profession, 1968-69." (Copyright ©

1969 by the National Education Association. All rights reserved.)
Table 55.-Average annual salary of instructional staff 1 in full-time public elementary and secondary day schools, by State: 1929-30 to 1968-69

State Unadjusted dollars Adjusted dollars (1968-69 purchasing power) 2

1929-30 1939-40 1949-50 1959-60 1965-66 1968 -695 1929-30 1939-40 1949-50 1959-60 1965-66

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Vaftsd Sfts4 $1,420 $1,441 $5.010

1968-69

13

$5,174 $1.035 $5,200 $2,155 $3.175 $4,520 $1,275 $7,739 $11,200 Alabama 792 744 2,111 4, 002 Alaska 1,728 (5) (5) 6,859 Arizona 1,637 1,544 3, 5, 590 Arkansas 573 4 , 801 3 295 California 2, 123 2,

58

35

1

1 (1) 6 6,

, 600

Colorado 1,453 1,393 2,821 4,997 Connecticut 1,812 1,861 3,558 6,008 Delaware 1,570 1,684 3,273 6 5,800 District of Columbia 2, 269 2, 350 3, 920 6, 280 Florida 876 1, 012 2, 958 5, 080

Georgia 684 770 1, 963 7 3,904 Hawaii 1, 812 (5) 5,390 Idaho 1,200 1,057 3),481 4, 216 Illinois 1,630 1,700 3, 458 15,814 Indiana 1, 466 1, 433 3, 401 5, 542

Iowa__ 1,094 1,017 2,420 14,030 Kansas 1,159 1,014 2,628 14,450 Kentucky 896 826 1,936 3,327

Louisiana 941 1, 006 2, 983 4, 978 Maine 942 894 2,115 3, 694

Maryland 1, 518 1, 642 3, 594 5, 557 Massachusetts 1, 875 2,037 3, 338 50 5, 545 Michigan 1, 534 1, 576 3, 420 5, 654 Minnesota 1,251 1,276 3,013 5,275 Mississippi 620 559 1, 416 3, 314

Missouri 1,235 1,159 2,581 4, 536 Montana 1, 215 1,184 2, 962 1 4, 425 Nebraska 1,077 829 2,292 3,876 Nevada 1,483 1, 557 3,209 5,693 New Hampshire 1, 254 1, 258 2, 712 1, 455

New Jersey 2,113 2, 093 3, 511 II 5, 871 New Mexico 1,113 1,144 3, 215 5, 382 New York 2, 493 2, 604 3, 706 6, 537 North Carolina 873 946 2,688 4,178 North Dakota 900 745 2, 324 3, 695

Ohio.. 1,665 1, 587 3, 088 5,124 Oklahoma 1, 070 1, 014 2, 736 4, 659 Oregon 1,612 I, 333 3, 323 5, 535 Pennsylvania 1, 620 1,640 3,006 5,308 Rhode Island 1, 437 I, 809 3, 294 ft 5, 499

South Carolina 788 743 1,891 3,450 South Dakota 956 807 2,064 3,725 Tennessee 902 862 2, 302 3, 929 Texas 924 1,079 3,122 4,708 Utah 1, 330 1, 394 3,103 5, 096

Vermont 963 981

Virginia 861 F,99 Washington 1, 556 1,706 West Virginia_ 1, 023 1,170 Wisconsin 1,399 1,379 Wyoming 1, 239 1,169

2, 348 4,466

2, 328 4,312

3, 487 II 5,643

2,425 3,952

3,007 94,870

2, 798 4, 937

5, 450 5, 050 I, 648 1,1397 3,176 4, 853 6, 082 6, 050 8, 520 10, 887 3, 596 (5) 8, 318 9, 507 10, 887 7, 498 7, 819 3, 407 3, 937 5, 350 6, 779 8, 367 7, 819 4, 676 6, 291 1, 401 1, 489 2, 710 3, 996 5, 218 6, 291

8, 817 9, 700 4, 418 5, 995 (5) 0 8, 004 9, 839 9, 700

6,640 7,425

7,826 8,800

((7,864 ((8,400

,639 ,600

5, 619

7,169

5 565

7,

, 408

7, 495

7, 200

8, 300

6,219

9, 300

8,350

3, 024 3, 552 4, 244 6, 060 7, 410 7, 425

3, 771 4, 746 5, 353 7, 286 8, 733 8, 800 3,267 4,294 4,925 6 7, 034 8,775 8,400

4, 722 5, 992 5, 898 7, 616 (2) 1,823 2,581 4,451 6, 161 1,408 V, 600

1, 424 1, 964 2, 954 7 4, 734 6, 270 7, 200

3, 771 6,536 8,000 8,300 2,497 T, 695 23,733 5,113 6,210 6,219

3, 392 4, 335 5, 203 7, 051 8, 267 9, 300

3,051 3,654 5,117 6,721 8,364 8,350

66,100 8,167 2,277 2,593 3,641 6 4, 887 66,807 8,167 9 6, 221 7, 215 2, 412 2, 586 3, 954 0 5, 397 9 6, 942 7, 215 5,453 6,750 1,865 2,106 2,913 4,035 6,085 6,750 5, 985 7, 200 1, 958 2, 565 4, 488 6, 037 6, 679 7, 200 5, 451 7, 288 1, 960 2, 280 3, 182 4, 480 6, 083 7, 288

7, 238

7,932

7, 445

6,995

4, 410

6,113

5, 908

5, 528

7, 375

6, 001

7, 332

6,937

8, 475

5,661

5, 402

7, 034

5, 824

7,168

7 314

6,999

4, 963

5,136

5, 318

6,330

6, 569

5, 848

5, 717

7, 605

5, 433

9 6,190

6, 431

Outlyin seas:

American Samoa 5 Guam

Puerto Rico

54 Virgin Islands 5 Canal Zone 5 (5)

5}

9,185

8, 350

9, 492

8, 788

5, 912

3,159

3,902

3,193

2, 604

1, 290

4,187

5,194

4, 019

3,254

1, 425

7,372 2,570 2,955

7, 200 2, 529 3, 019

6, 700 2, 241 2,114

8, 739 3, 086 3, 970

7, 276 2, 610 3, 208

8, 775 4, 398 5, 337

7,551 2,316 2,917

9, 400 5, 188 6, 640

7,041 1,817 2,412

6, 300 1, 873 1, 900

8, 050 3, 465 4,047

6, 853 2, 227 2, 586

8, 317 3, 355 3, 399

8,133 3, 372 4,182

8,178 2, 991 4,613

6, 025 1, 640 1, 895

6,200 1,990 2,058

6, 520 1, 877 2, 198

6,794 1,923 2,751

7, 400 2, 768 3, 555

6, 700 2, 004 2, 502

7, 550 1, 792 2, 292

8, 858 3, 238 4, 350

6, 900 2, 129 2, 984

8, 350 2,912 3, 516

7, 786 2, 579 2, 981

6,034

(

7, 940 11,)4043

52 5)

4,107 (5) 7, 240

6 2, 360 3, 669 4, 450

3, 407 5, 498 (5) 5) 5

Si (5

(5

5, 408 6, 739 8, 077 9,185

5, 022 10 6, 724 8, 851 8, 350 5,146 6, 857 8, 308 9, 492

4, 533 6, 397 7, 806 8, 788

2,131 4, 019 4, 921 5,912

3,883 5,501 96,821 7,372

4, 457 6 5, 366 6, 593 7, 200

3, 449 4, 700 6,169 6, 700

4, 828 6, 904 8, 230 8, 739 4, 080 5, 403 6, 697 7, 276

5, 283 7, 120 8,182 8, 775 4,837 6,527 7,741 7,551

5, 576 7, 927 9, 457 9, 400 4,044 5,067 6,317 7,041

3, 497 4, 481 6, 028 6, 300

4,646 6, 214 7, 849 8, 050

4, 117 5, 650 6,499 6, 3 53

5, 000 6, 712 7, 999 8, 317

4, 523 6, 437 8,162 8,133

4, 956 6,663 7, 810 8,178

2, 845 44,184 5, 538 6, 025

3, 105 4,517 5,731 6,200

3, 464 4, 765 5, 934 6, 520 4,697 5,709 7,064 6,794

4, 669 6, 180 7, 330 7, 400

3, 533 5, 416 6, 526 6, 700

3, 503 5, 229 6, 380 7, 550

5, 247 6, 843 8, 486 8, 858

3, 649 4, 793 6, 063 6, 900

4, 524 9 5,906 9 6,907 8, 350

4, 210 5, 987 7, 176 7, 786

(5) (5)

(5)

5)

S 5) 5

155)

Includes supervisors, principals, classroom teachers, and other instructional staff.

2 Based on Consumer Nice Intir--A published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor

3 Estimated.

4 Beginning in 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii. 0 Data not avail; ble.

6 Partly estimated by the Office of Education.

7 Excludes kindergarten teachers.

40

Includes administrators.

9 Excludes vocational schools not operated as part of the regular public school system.

10 Includes clerical assistants to instructional personnel.

Includes attendance personnel.

SOURCE; U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educa. tion, "Statistics of State Si.hool Syster-r"; and "Fall 1968 Statistics of Public Schools."
Thousands

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

School 1945 1947 1949 1951 1953

Year 46 48 50 52 54

1955 1957 1959 1961

56 58 60 62

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office

of Education, Digest of Educational Statistics and Fall 1967 Statistics of Public Schools.

NUMBER AND SIZE OF PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEMS

At intervals of five years the Bureau of the Census conducts a census of governments. In the mass of information that has recently become available from the 1967

census are statistics on the number and size of public

school systems (see the accompanying table). These data

indicate that a preponderance of the pupils enrolled in

public schools in 1966-67 were in large school systems

with a total enrollment of 6,000 or more. These 1,400

systems constituted only six percent of all the school

districts in the country, but they enrolled more than 58

percent of the pupils. The 8,000 medium-sized systems,

those with an enrollment between 600 and 6,000, made

up 34 percent of the total number of districts and enrolled approximately 37 percent of the pupils. The 14,000

smaller systems, those enrolling fewer than 600 pupils,

1963 1965 1967

64 66 68

comprised 60 percent of all the districts, but they accounted for less than five percent of total enrollment.

Office of Education figures indicate that there has been

a continuing and precipitous decline in the number of

school districts since the end of World War II. In the 22-

year period from 1945-46 to 1967-68. more than 78

percent of the systems were eliminated, as the national

total shrank from 101,400 to 22,000 (see the accompanying chart). There are still wide differences among

the States in the number of school districts. The range

in 1967-68 was from one in Hawaii and 17 in Nevada to

1,804 in South Dakota and 2,172 in Nebraska. Seven

Midwestern States accounted for nearly 40 percent of

the school systems in the entire country.

W. VANCE GRANT, specialist in educational statistics.

Figure 6. Number of public school systems: United States, 1945-46 to 1967-68

41
Table 56.-Number of local basic administrative units

(school districts), by State: Fall 1968

State

School districts, fall 1968

Decrease in

total number

of districts

since 1963-64

(+ denotes

increase)

Total Operating Nonoperating

1 2 3 4 5 United Slates 20,440 19,339 1,101 11,265

Alabama 118 118 +1

Alaska 28 28 4

Arizona 297 295 2 9

Arkansas 394 391 3 21

California 1,091 1, 095 2 439

Colorado 181 181 41 Connecticut 181 174 7 +4

Delaware 49 48 1 37

District of Columbia 1 1 0

Florida 67 67 0

Georgia 194 193 1 2

Hawaii 1 1 0

Idaho 117 115 2 +1

Illinois 1, 279 1, 273 6 156

Indiana 357 342 15 312

Iowa 460 455 5 704

Kansas_ 330 330 1,693

Kentucky 195 195 9

Louisiana 66 66 1 Maine_ 306 249 57 126

Maryland 24 24 0

Massachusetts 408 387 21 +16

Michigan 654 644 10 882

Minnesota 1, 013 1,008 5 1, 135

Mississippi 148 148 2

Missouri 761 674 87 771

Montana 806 730 76 178

Nebraska 2, 013 1, 589 424 914

Nevada 17 17 0

New Hampshire 173 160 13 44

New Jersey 593 572 21 0

N ew Mexico 89 89 0

New York 849 760 89 266

North Carolina 157 157 14 North Dakota 474 416 58 235

Ohio 648 648 152

Oklahoma 705 704 1 455

Oregon 364 358 6 77

Pennsylvania 6-,1 610 7 388

Rhode Island 40 40 1 South Carolina 93 93 15

South Dakota 1, 203 1, 049 154 1, 670

Tennessee 150 150 4

Texas 1, 244 1, 234 10 177

Utah 40 40 0

Vermont 281 274 7 +12

Virginia 134 134 +4

Washington 339 333 6 60

West Virginia 55 55 0

Wisconsin 465 464 1 274

Wyoming 165 161 4 35

Outlying areas:

American Samoa 1 1 0

Canal Zone 1 1 0

Guam 1 1 0

Puerto Rico 1 1 0

Virgin Islands 1 1 0

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Fall 1968 Statistics of Public Schools."

42

Table 57.-Number of public school systems and num- ber of pupils enrolled, by size of system: United States, 1966-67

Enrollment size 1

School systems Pupils enrolled

Number Percent Number (In

thousands)

Percent

1 2 3 4 5

Total 23.310 100.0 2 43.142 100.0

25,000 or more 170 .7 12, 590 28.7

12,000 to 24,999 350 1.5 5,730 13.1

6,d00 to 11,999 880 3.8 7,293 16.6

3,000 to 5,999 1, 726 7.4 7,178 16.4

1,800 to 2,999 1, 819 7.8 4,251 9.7

1,200 to 1799 1,636 7.0 2,416 5.5

6b0 to 1, _199 2,838 12. 1 2,437 5.6

300 to 599 2, 723 11.6 1,185 2.7

150 to 299 2, 091 8.9 459 1.0

50 to 149 2, 230 9.5 209 .5

15 to 49 2,673 11.4 71 .2

1 to 14 2,386 10.2 22 .1

None, 1,868 8.0

I Based on the number of pupils enrolled In October 1966.

2 Includes 992,000 students enrolled at the college level.

3 Systems not operating schools.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "1967 Census of

Governments," CG-P-3, "Public School Systems In 1966-67."

Table 58.-Number of local basic administrative units

(school districts), and number of public and nonpublic elementary and secondary schools: United States, 1929-30 to 1965-66

School year

Public school systems Nonpublic schools I

School

districts 2 Elementary schools Secondary

schools

Elementary Secondary Total 1- teacher 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1929-30 (3) 238, 306 149, 282 23, 930 9, 275 3, 258

1931-32 127, 531 232,750 143,391 26,409 9,734 3,289

1933-34 (3) 236,236 139, 166 24, 714 9, 992 3, 327 1935-36 (3) 232, 174 131, 101 25, 652 9, 992 3, 327 1937-38_ ___ 119, 001 221, 660 121,178 25, 467 9, 992 3, 327

1939-40 117,108 (3) 113, 600 (3) 11, 306 3, 568 1941-42 115,493 183,112 107,692 25,123 10,285 3,011

1943-44 III, 383 169, 905 96, 302 28, 973 10, 285 3, 011

1945-46 101, 382 160, 227 86, 563 24, 314 9, 863 3, 294 1947-48 94, 926 146, 760 75, 096 25, 484 10, 071 3, 292

1949-50 83,7!.8 128,225 59,652 24,542 10,375 3,331

1951-52_ _ _ . 71, 094 123, 763 50, 742 23, 746 10, 666 3, 322 1953-54_ . _ . 63, 057 110, 875 42, 865 25, 637 11, 739 3, 913

1955-56 54,859 104,427 34,964 26,046 12,372 3,887

1957-58_ _ . _ 47, 594 95, 466 25, 341 25, 507 13, 065 3, 994

1959-60 40, 520 91, 853 20, 213 25, 784 13, 574. 4, 061

1961-62 35, 676 81, 910 13, 333 25, 350 14, 762 4,129 1963-64_ ... 31, 705 77, 584 9, 895 26> 431 (0 4, 451

1965-66 26, 983 73, 216 6, 491 26, 597 15, 340 4, 606

I Data for most years are partly estimated.

2 Includes operating and nonoperating districts.

3 Data not available.

NOTE: Beginning in 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Biennial Survey of Education in the United States," chapters on Statistical Summary of Education; "Statistics of State School Systems"; "Statistics of Nonpublic Elementary Schools"; and "Statistics of Nonpublic Secondary Schools."
Table 59.-Number and percent of public secondary schools, by type of school: United States, 1919-20 to 1965-66

School year Total

Type of school School year Total

Type of school

Traditional s

Junior = Senior 3 Juniorsenior 4 Traditional

Junior'- Senior 3 Juniorsenior 4

1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6

1919-20: 1951-52:

N umber... _ 14,326 13,421 55 22 828 Number_ _ __ 23,746 10,168 3,227 1, 760 8, 591

Percent 100.0 93.7 0.4 0.1 5.8 Percent 100.0 42.8 13.6 7.4 36.2

1929-30: 1958-59:

Number____ 22,237 16,460 1,842 648 3,287 Number__ . _ 24,190 6, 024 4, 996 3,040 10,130

Percent 100.0 74.0 8.3 2.9 14.8 Percent 100.0 24.9 20.6 12.6 41.9

1937-38: 1963-64:

Number_ _ . . 25, 057 15, 523 2, 372 959 6, 203 Number_ _ __ s 25, 926 7,173 7, 143 5, 568 6,042

Percent

1945-46:

100.0 61.9 9. 5 3.8 24.8 Percent

1965-66:

100.0 27.7 27.6 21. 5 23.3

Number_ _ _ 24,;;22 13,797 2,653 I,312 6,360 Number 326,098 11,176 7,920 4,942 5,060

Percent 100.0 57.2 11.0 5.4 26.4 Percent 100.0 31.3 30.3 18. 9 19.4

NOTE: Prior to 1963-64, data are for 48 States and District of Columbia. Because

of rounding, percentages may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of Education in the United Slates," 1958-59 Series, Number 1,

"Public Secondary Schools "; and "Statistics of State School Systems."

Includes regular 4-year high schools preceded by 8-year elementary schools.

No reorganization has taken place.

Includes 2- and 3-year junior high schools.

3 Includes 3- and 4-year senior high schools preceded by junior high schools.

4 Includes 5- and 6-year high schools.

4 Excludes incomplete regular high schools and vocational or trade high schools

(505 in 1963-64 and 499 in 1965-66).

Thousands

of rooms

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0 1958-59 1959-60 1960-61 1961-62 1962-63 1963-64 1964-65 1965-66 1966-67

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, Fall Statistics of Public Schools.

Public School Instruction Rooms Completed or Abandoned

A record 75,400 public elementary and secondary school instruction rooms were completed

during the 1967-68 school year. This climaxed

the 10-year period, 1958 to 1968, in which 701,000

instruction rooms were built. The annual average

during the past decade was thus slightly over

70,000 classrooms per year. These figures include

newly constructed rooms as well as those converted to classroom use from other purposes.

During 1967-68, 19,400 instruction rooms

were abandoned, bringing the total* number of

abandonments over the past decade to 182,000,

or an average of somewhat more than 18,000 a

year. Instruction rooms may be abandoned for a

number of reasons: obsolescence, school reorganization. and consolidation, destruction from fire,

flood, urban redevelopment, and other causes.

Approximately 1,764,500 instruction rooms

1967-68

were being used at the beginning of the 1968-69

school year. This was an increase of more than

half a million over the number available 10 years

earlier. In the fall of 1968, there was an instruction room for every 25.5 elementary and secondary school pupils enrolled. A decade earlier the

ratio of pupils to rooms was 27.7 to one. Despite

this evidence of progress, a need for additional

classrooms is indicated by the fact that 317,000

pupils in 29 States were still attending school on

curtailed sessions last fall.

These data are from the annual Office of Education surveys of Fail Statistics of Public Schools.

The reports are based upon information supplied

to OE by the department of education in each

State. -W. VANCE GRANT, specialist in educational statistics.

Figure 7. Number of public elementary and secondary school instruction rooms

completed or abandoned: United States, 1958-59 to 1967-68

43
Table 60.-Selected statistics on schoolhousing in full-time public elementary and secondary day schools, by State: 1967-68 and fall 1968

State

Number of pupils on curtailed Number of instruction rooms

sessions, fall 1968

Total Elementary Secondary

Completed

during

1967-68

Abandoned

during

1967-68

Available

and in use,

fall 1968

I 1 2 3 4 5' 6 7 United Stabs i 316 ,990 1195,440 1131,550 215,400 219,400 1,164,509

Alabama (3) (3) 31,500 Alaska (3) (3) (3) 220 13 2,860 Arizona 563 333 230 1, 772 204 19,454 Arkansas 878 365 18,332 California 60,000 57,000 3,000 8,000 500 171,400

Colorado 135 122 13 825 247 21, 552 Connecticut 3, 870 2, 799 1, 071 972 117 25, 830 Delaware 1,112 1, 112 176 78 5,173 District of Columbia 140 4,851 Florida 23, 929 13, 098 10, 831 2, 512 465 47, 541

Georgia 7, 653 3, 297 4, 356 1, 654 421 42,211 Hawaii 458 105

Idaho 17 5 12 118 47

.7,111

7,435 Illinois 16, 028 13, 053 2, 975 2, 594 722 88, 507 Indiana 1,250 750 45,120

Iowa (3) 1,183 413 30, 229 Kansas (3) r2, (3) P2,820 (3) 705 331 25, 869 Kentucky 994 174 1, 345 772 25, 500 Louisiana 9, 211 1,170 8, 041 1, 879 526 36, 839 Maine 7, 741 5, 443 2, 298 755 471 9, 505

Maryland 13, 242 13, 242 1, 712 134 30, 673 Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

7, 396

(3)

8, 684

6,100

(3)

3, 276

1,296

(3)

5, 408

1,326

3, 928

2, 268

121 760

868

44,148

69, 970

37, 544 Mississippi 583 113 21,625

Missouri (3) (3) (3) 2, 029 204 38, 221 Montana 18,145 398 17, 747 344 205 8, 387 Nebraska 328 315 13 724 364 16,586 Nevada 218 80 4,772 New Hampshire 60 26 34 271 62 6, 360

New Jersey 32, 500 22, 750 9, 750 2, 485 493 53, 954 New Mexico 425 303 11, 540 New York 71, 000 22, 000 49, 000 6, 000 1, 000 136, 000 North Carolina 1, 250 1, 250 2, 007 1,130 50,179 North Dakota 222 187 7,415

Ohio 10, 100 7, 900 2, 200 3, 000 725 90, 200 Oklahoma 441 441 1, 321 552 27, 253 Oregon 910 610 300 906 266 21,112 Pennsylvania 11, 005 580 10, 425 2, 381 960 83, 755 Rhode Island 338 69 5, 803

South Carolina 1, 212 319 24,659 South Dakota 382 66 7,707 Tennessee 601 491 33,499 Texas 3, 466 4 3, 466 5, 618 518 113, 056 Utah 361 361 423 168 10,486

Vermont

Virginia 4, 767 3, 977 790

(3)1,888 (3)

429

4, 200

47, 632 Washington 1, 134 189 32, 722 West Virginia 82 49 33 432 351 16,603 Wisconsin 2, 460 705 37, 061 Wyoming (3) (3) (3) 104 50 4, 548

Outlying areas:

American Samoa 26 4 288

Canal Zone 12 23 621

Guam 92 21 778

Puerto Rico 288, 100 215, 240 72, 860 1, 390 215 17, 217

1 Incomplete; total for States reporting.

2 Includes an estimate for nonreporting States.

3 Data not available.

44

4 Distribution by level estimated by Office of Education.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Fall 1968 Statistics of Public Schools."

I
Table 61.--Selected characteristics of instructional rooms in public school

plants, by State: 1964-65

[Data for rooms are rounded to nearest 1001

State

Total num- Instructional rooms I in permanent buildings by completion date and combustibility Instructional rooms I i nber of

instructional Before 1920 and After 1920 and Before 1920 and After 1920 and Noppermanent Offsite facilities

rooms in pub- combustible combustible noncombustible noncombustible buildings

lic school

plants Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 United States 1, 536, 500 41, 000 2.1 94,100 6.1 114,100 11, 3 1,104, 500 11,1 31, 000 1. 0 11,100 0.8

Alabama 28, 000 600 2.3 4, 700 16.9 800 2.8 21, 200 75.5 500 1.9 100 .5

Alaska_ 1, 900 (2) . 6 500 29.5 0 0 1, 200 66.7 (2) 2.1 (2) 1. 1 Arizona_ . .......... 13, 700 100 .8 300 2.2 1,200 8.8 11, 700 85.0 400 2.9 (I) . 3

Arkansas 15, 000 100 .6 1,800 11.8 900 5.8 11,800 78.9 300 2.1 100 . 7 California 130, 700 1, 400 1.1 32, 300 24.7 3,100 2.3 80, 600 61.7 12, 600 9.6 800 .6

Colorado 18,100 600 3.5 500 2.9 2, 000 10.9 14, 600 80.5 300 1.9 100 .3

Connecticut_ 21,000 500 2.4 300 1.3 3,200 15.1 16,800 80.1 100 .5 100 .6

Delaware

District of Columbia ...... _ .

4,100

4, 900

100

0

1.8

0

(2)

0

1.1

0

(2)

900

. 3

19. 4

3,900

3,900

95.9

79.8

(2)

(2)

. 1

. 7 :

. 8

0

Florida 39, 300 600 1. 5 1, 400 3. 5 1, 800 4. 5 32, 800 83.4 2, 500 6.4 300 .7

Georgia 37, 200 500 1.3 2, 500 6.7 1, 600 4.4 32, 000 86.0 300 .7 300 .8

Hawaii 5, 800 300 4. 5 1, 700 29.8 100 2. 1 3, 400 59.1 200 4,1 (2) . 3

Idaho 6, 900 400 5.9 400 5.3 1,100 16.0 4, 800 70.4 (2) . 5 100 1.8

I llinois 76, 000 2, 900 3.8 300 .4 13, 700 18.0 58, 200 76.6 300 .4 600 .8

Indiana 40, 400 800 2.0 200 .5 8,100 20.1 30, 800 76.4 300 .8 100 .3

Iowa 28, 500 1, 900 6. 5 500 1.9 6, 600 23.2 19, 000 66.8 100 .3 400 1.2

Kansas 25, 200 400 1.7 500 1.9 3,100 12.5 20, 500 81.4 500 1.8 200 .8

Kentucky 23,400 500 2. 1 1, 000 4.5 2, 200 9.5 18,900 80.8 600 2.6 100 .6

Louisiana 32, 000 500 1. 5 2, 500 7.8 1, 600 5.0 25, 800 80.7 1, 200 3.9 400 1.2

Maine 8, 300 1, 200 14.8 1, 900 22.5 800 10.2 4, 200 51.0 (2) (2) 100 1.5

Maryland 25, 700 1, 000 3.9 800 3.1 1, 700 6.7 21, 500 83.9 400 1.5 200 .9

Massachusetts 36,400 2, 000 5.4 900 2.6 8, 700 24. 0 24, 300 66. 7 200 .4 300 .9

Michigan 64, 500 1, 900 2.9 700 1. 1 6,100 9.5 55, 300 85.7 200 .3 400 .6

Minnesota 33, 000 2, 300 7. 1 800 2. 5 4, 400 13.3 25, 000 75.8 100 .3 300 .9

Mississippi 20, 900 (2) .1 1,100 5.3 500 2.4 18, 800 90.0 300 1.2 200 1.0

Missouri 34,100 700 2.0 1, 000 2.9 4, 900 14. 5 26, 800 78.7 200 .6 400 1.3

Montana 8, 600 500 6.0 800 8.8 1, 300 15.3 5, 800 67.4 100 .7 200 1.8

Nebraska 17, 300 1,400 8.1 800 4.8 3,700 21.4 11,200 64.4 100 .7 100 .5

Nevada 3, 500 100 2.7 100 3.5 200 6. 1 3, 000 85.3 100 2, 2 (2) .1

New Hampshire 5, 200 500 10.0 200 3.3 800 14.8 3, 700 71. 1 (2) ,1 (2) . 8

New Jersey 46, 000 1, 400 3.0 300 .6 8, 900 19.4 35, 200 76.5 (2) .1 200 .5

New Mexico 10, 200 :30 .7 300 2.7 500 4. 5 9, 000 88.4 400 3.5 (2) . 2

New York 118,100 2,100 1.8 500 .4 17, 600 14.9 96,100 81.3 500 .4 1, 400 1.2

North Carolina 45, 100 600 1.4 3, 900 8.8 2, 200 4.8 37, 500 83.2 800 1.8 100 .2

North Dakota 7, 400 500 7.4 400 5.7 1, 200 16. 8 5, 000 67. 9 (2) . 6 100 1.7

Ohio 83, 200 800 1.0 100 .1 14, 800 17.8 66, 300 79.7 200 .3 1, 000 1.2

Oklahoma 25, 800 300 1.3 1, 000 4.0 2, 300 9.0 21, 000 81.4 800 3.0 300 1.3

Oregon 18, 900 600 3.1 5, 400 28.5 1, 200 6.6 11, 400 60.4 200 1,1 (2) . 3

Pennsylvania 79, 500 2,100 2.6 800 1.0 16, 100 20.2 59, 700 75. 1 400 .6 400 .5

Rhode Island 5,900 600 9.5 200 3.9 1,000 16.2 4,200 70.3 0 0 (2) .2

South Carolina 23, 200 300 1.2 1, 700 7.2 1, 200 5.3 19, 700 84.7 300 1, 4 (2) . 2

South Dakota 8, 600 1,100 13.0 900 10.6 1,400 16.9 4,900 56.6 100 1.7 100 1.3

Tennessee 31, 400 600 2.0 4, 500 14.3 1, 800 5.7 24,000 76.4 400 1, 4 (2) . 2

Texas 92, 000 400 .4 4, 300 4. 7 5, 200 5.7 78,400 85.2 2, 900 3. 1 800 .9

Utah 10,100 400 3.6 300 3.0 1, 700 16.4 7, 700 76. 5 (2) 3 (2) . 2

Vermont 3, 700 700 19.3 300 7.9 500 14.7 2,100 56.5 (2) (2) 100 1.9

Virginia 34, 500 1, 000 2.9 2, 000 5.8 2, 000 5.8 28, 700 83.4 600 1.8 100 .4

Washington 29, 200 700 2.3 3, 900 13.5 2,100 7.3 21, 300 73.0 1, 000 3.5 100 .5

West Virginia 17, 100 1,100 6.7 1, 900 10.9 2,200 12.7 11, 600 67.9 100 .8 200 1.0

Wisconsin 32, 600 1, 800 5.6 500 1. 5 4, 500 13.8 25, 300 77.8 100 .3 400 1.2

Wyoming 4, 500 100 1.9 200 5. 5 400 8.6 3, 700 82.8 (2) . 7 (2) . 5

OuUyini arias 14, 000 200 1, 4 2, 200 15.7 600 5, 7 9, 400 67.1 100 5, 7 600 4.3

American Samoa 200 0 0 (2) . 5 0 0 100 54.8 100 42.4 (2) 2.3

Canal Zone 500 0 0 100 15.3 100 10.5 400 71.6 (2) 8 (2) 1. 8

Guam 400 0 0 (2) 9.6 0 0 300 80.2 (2) 10. 3 0 0

Puerto Rico_ 12,900 200 1.4 2,000 15.8 800 6.0 8,600 66.5 700 5, 4 600 4.9

Includes improvised or makeshift rooms used for instructional purpdses.

2 Less than 50.

NOTE: Because of rounding and of varying inflation factors applied to individual

45

school plants, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Condition of Public School Plants, 1964-65."
Table 62. Facilities in elementary and secondary school plants,' by organiza- tional level and control: United States, spring 1964

INUmbors in thousands

Public schools Nonpublic schools

Item

Total

Organizational level of school plant

Total

Organizational level of school plant 2

Elementary

only

Combined

elementarysecondary

Secondary Not

only reported 2 Elementary

only

Combined

elementarysecondary

Secondary

only

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10

General-use facilities in permanent school buildings 193 100 42 50 2 38 22 8 8

Centralized school library

Auditorium 48

23

23 12 13 9 5 2 2

Cafeteria or lunchroom 39

10 5 7 5 3 1 1 Gymnasium 25

20 9 10 8 5 2 2

Gym-auditorium 19

8 6 11 3 1 1 1 Cafeteria-auditorium 11 10 6 4 3 2 1 1 9 1 Cafeteria-gymnasium 1 2 1 0 0

Cafeteria-gym-auditorium

2

7

16

0

1 0o

0

1 0

1 0o

0

Other multipurpose room o 19 12 3 4 6 4 1 1 Instructional rooms (classrooms, shops, laboratories) 1, 510 767 283 446 14 207 118 44 44

In permanent school buildings

Rooms designed (or remodeled) as 1,473 743 278 438 10 199 113 43 42

instructional rooms

Improvised or makeshift rooms__ . 1,449

23

731 272 433 10 192 109 41 41

In nonpermanent buildings on site 31

12 6 5 7 4 1 1 20 4 7 5 4 1 1 In offsite hulldings _ 6 3 2 1 3 2 1 1 Permanent school buildings and additions 173 105 35 32 1 26 16 5 5 Fire-resistive rating: 3 Fire-resistive

Semi-fire-resistive 78

48

42 16 19 1 13 8 2 2

Combustible 39

28 11 9 7 4 2 1 Mixed, or not reported 8

29 6 4 3 2 1 1 Date of completion: 5 2 1 2 1 Before 1920

1920-29 24

29 23 4 3 5 3 1 1 1930-39 20

15 5 4 3 2 1 1 1940-49 11 6 4 2 1 1950-59 17 9 5 3 3 2 1 After 1959 58

23

34 12 12 8 6 1 1 Not reported or under construction.... 12 4 6 4 2 1 1 1 1 Number of stories: 1More than 1 114 73 23 17 1 11 7 2 2

Not reported 54

4

29 11 14 14 8 3 3 Outside wall material: 2 1 1 Wood

Masonry 125

27 21 4 2 3 2 1 1 Other, or not reported 18

72 28 25 1 20 13 4 4

Framing: 12 2 6 3 2 1 1 Wood

Steel 56

43

40 10 6 1 6 4 1 1 Masonry 52

23 10 11 9 5 2 2

Other, or not reported 20

31 12 8 7 4 1 1 10 3 7 4 2 1 1 School plants 93 67 12 13 1 16 11 2 2

I A school plant is defined as a site and buildings constituting the physical facilities used by a single school or by 2 or more schools sharing the use of common facilities. A plant with 90 percent or more of its membership at the elementary level is an elementary plant; similarly for a secondary plant. 2 Plants with level not reported are mostly under construction, or serve pre- dominantly the kindergarten or junior college level. The figures are included in the public and nonpublic totals, but are too small to show separately for the non- public schools (70 general-use facilities, 500 instructional rooms, 60 buildings and additions, 30 school plants, and 1,100 membership). 3 Fire-resistive is defined as a building constructed entirely of fire-resistive materials; or a building with fire-resistive walls and partitions, floors, stairways,

46

and ceilings. Semi-fire-resistive is defined as a building with fire-resistive exterior

and barairti walls; and fire-resistive corridor and stairway walls, floors, and ceilings. Combustible is defined as an all-frame building; a building with fire-resistive

veneer on wood frame; or one with fire-resistive bearing walls, but otherwise of combustible construction.

NOTE: Data for 35 States have been updated from the 1962 facilities inventory by adding new construction and subtracting abandoned buildings; data for the

remaining 15 States were taken directly from the 1962 survey. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "National Inventory of School Facilities and Personnel, Spring 1962."
Table 63.-Number of additional rooms needed for instructional use as determined by varying measures of pupil accommodation and according to local opinion of rooms needed to eliminate overcrowding, by State: 1964-65

/Data for rooms are rounded to nearest 1001

State

Number of additional rooms

needed to reduce maximum

class size to25 elemen- Local

tary pupils 27,4 elemen- 30 elemen- appraisal

per room, tary pupils, tary pupils, of over20 secondary 27.5 second- 30 second- crowding

pupils per ary pupils ary pupils

room

1 2 3 4 5 Wilted States 215,100 SI, 300 50, 100 104, 400

Alabama 7,100 2, 700 1, 400 2, 200

Alaska 200 100 (9 200

Arizona 2,600 900 500 1,100

Arkansas 2,600 1,000 600 1,100

California 33, 500 12, 300 5, 900 7, 400

Colorado 3, 600 1, 300 600 1,100

Connecticut 2, 000 500 200 2, 100

Delaware 500 100 100 400

District of Columbia 1,100 400 200 600

Florida 10, 000 3, 300 1, 500 3, 000

Georgia 9, 600 3, 800 2, 000 4, 000

Hawaii. 1,200 300 100 100

Idaho 1,100 300 200 400

Illinois 13, 500 6, 400 4,100 5, 400

Indiana 7,300 2,300 1,100 2,600

Iowa 3, 500 1, 200 700 1,100

Kansas 2,700 800 300 1,700

Kentucky 4,400 1,400 600 1,900

Louisiana 5, 600 2, 000 1,100 1,200

Maine 1,100 300 200 800

Maryland 6, 600 2, 200 1, 000 3, 000

Massachusetts 5, 000 1,200 500 3, 200

Michigan 14, 700 5, 600 3, 000 4, 000

Minnesota 3,800 1, 100 500 2,300

Mississippi 5, 500 2, 500 1, 600 1, 300

Missouri 4, 900 1, 700 900 2, 300

Montana 900 300 200 700

Nebraska 1,500 600 400 1,200

State

Number of additional rooms

needed to reduce maximum

class size to25 elemen- Local

tary pupils 27,4 elemen- 30 elemen- appraisal

per room, tary pupils, tary pupils, of over20 secondary 27,5 second- 30 second- crowding

pupils per ary pupils ary pupils

room

1 2 3 4 5 Nevada 600 200 100 300

New Hampshire 700 200 100 500

New Jersey 6, 500 1, 500 600 3, 700

New Mexico 1, 600 500 200 600

New York 22, 900 7, 800 4, 400 12, 300

North Carolina 8,100 2, 800 1, 400 4, 000

North Dakota 800 300 200 500

Ohio 15,100 4, 700 2,200 3, 500

Oklahoma 3, 100 900 400 1, 300

Oregon 2,200 600 300 900

Pennsylvania 16, 900 5,100 2, 700 4, 500

Rhode Island 1,100 400 200 600

South Carolina 5, 700 2,200 1,100 1, 800

South Dakota 600 200 100 800

Tennessee 6,700 2, 200 1, 000 2, 000

Texas 13, 300 4, 700 2, 600 3, 200

Utah 2,300 800 400 600

Vermont 300 100 (1) 500

Virginia 7, 800 2, 700 1, 200 2,100

Washington 4, 300 1,100 500 1, 100

West Virginia 4, 000 1, 400 700 1, 300

Wisconsin 4, 900 1, 400 700 1, 700

Wyoming 400 100 (I) 400

Outlying areas 12, 300 0, 300 6, 600 4, 100

American Samoa

Canal Zone

Guam

Puerto Rico

100

100 100

100

t)

12, 000 8,200 6, 500

?) (3

4, 000

Less than 50. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Condition of Public School Plants, 1964-65." NOTE: Because of rounding and of varying inflation factors applied to individual

school plants, detail may not add to totals.

Table 64.-Number of high school graduates compared with population 17

years of age: United States, 1869-70 to 1967-68

School year Population

17 years old-'

High school graduates I Number

graduated per

100 persons

17 years of age

School year Population

17 years old 2

High school graduates I Number

graduated per

100 persons

17 years of age

Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls

1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6

1869-70 815, 000 16,000 7,064 8,936 2.0 1949-50 2, 034, 450 1, 199,700 570, 700 629,000 59. 0

1879-80 946, 026 23, 634 10, 605 13, 029 2. 5 1951-52 2,040, 800 1, 196, 500 569, 200 627, 300 58.6

1889-90 1, 259,177 43, 731 18, 549 25, 182 3.5 1953-54 2,128, 600 1, 276,100 612, 500 663, 600 60.0

1899-1900_ ... _ 1, 489,146 94, 883 38, 075 56, 808 6.4

1909-10 1, 786, 240 156, 429 63, 676 92, 753 8.8 1955-56 2,270, 000 1, 414,800 679, 500 735, 300 62.3

1957-58 2, 324, 000 1, 505, 900 725, 500 780, 400 64.8

1919-20.... ._ 1,855,173 311,266 123,684 187,582 16.8 1959-60 2,862, 005 1,864, 000 898,000 966,000 65.1

1929-30_ _ _ ._ 2, 295, 822 666, 904 300, 376 366, 528 29.0 1961-62 2,768, 000 1, 925, 000 941, 000 984, 000 69.5

1939-40 2.403, 074 1, 221, 475 578,718 642, 757 50.8 1963-64 3, 001, 000 2,290, 000 1,121, 000 1, 169, 000 76.3

1941-42_ ._ 2, 425, 574 1, 242, 375 576,717 665,658 51.2

1943-44 _____ . 2, 410, 389 1, 019, 233 423,971 595,262 42.3 1965-66 3, 515, 000 2, 672, 000 1, 326, 000 1, 346, 000 76.0

1967-68 3 3, 524, 000 2, 702, 000 I, 341, 000 1, 361, 000 76.7

1945-46 2, 254, 738 1, 080, 033 466,926 613,107 47.9

1947-48 2, 202, 927 1, 189, 909 562,863 627,046 54.0

I Includes graduates of public and nonpublic schools.

Data from the Bureau of the Census.

3 Preliminary data.

NOTE: Beginning in 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii.

47

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Biennial Survey of Education in the United States," chapters on Statistical Summary of Education; and unpublished data available in the Office of Education.
Table 65.--Number of public and nonpublic high school graduates, by sex and

State: 1967-68

°tate

1

Public high school graduates Nonpublic high school graduates2

Total Boys Girls Total Boys

2 3 4 5 6

Girls

7 Wilted Stabs

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

2,394,535 1,193,425 1,201,110 300,000 144,000 156,000

44,099 21,396 22,703 1,700 800 900 2,705 1,361 1,344 200 100 100 19, 654 9, 824 9, 830 1, 400 700 700 24,574 12,678 11,896 700 300 400 236,735 117,761 118,974 19,500 9,200 10,300

27, 889 14,125 13, 764 2,100 1, 000 1,100 31, 274 3 15, 447 3 15, 827 7, 700 4, 000 3, 700 6, 121 3, 041 3, 080 1, 000 600 400 5,022 2,150 2,872 1.800 1,000 800 64, 214 32, 056 32,158 3, COO 1, 600 1, 400

53,370 25,913 27,457 2,100 1,300 800 9,430 4,630 4,800 1,800 1,000 800 11,451 5,841 5,604 300 100 200 114,853 56,560 58,293 24,400 11,100 13,300 64, 433 32, 654 31, 779 5, 600 2, 700 2, 900

Iowa , Kansas 40, 471 20, 385 20, 086 5, 400 2, 600 2, 800

Kentucky 31, 093 15, 831 15, 262 2, 600 1, 200 1, 400

Louisiana 35,426 17,245 18,181 4,900 2,400 2,500

Maine 41, 797 20, 095 21, 702 6, 100 2, 800 3, 300 12,014 5,881 6,133 3,000 1,100 1,300

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

42,637 21,099 21,538 6,300 2,900 3,400 59, 830 28, 244 31, 586 16, 700 7, 800 8, 900 109, 39 54, 480 54, 878 17, 200 8,000 9,200 55, 286 28, 045 27, 241 6, 400 2, 800 3, 600 28,225 13,609 14,616 1,000 500 500

Missouri

Montana 51, 951 26, 323 25, 628 7, 900 4, 000 3, 900

Nebraska 10, 542 5, 299 5, 243 1,100 500 600

Nevada 20, 071 10, 158 9,913 2,800 1,400 1,400

New Hampshire 4,853 2,514 2,339 200 100 100 7, 586 3, 773 3, 813 2, 500 1, 500 1, 000

New Jersey

New Mexico 82,182 42, 720 39, 462 12, 900 6, 200 6, 700

New York 14, 876 7, 530 7, 346 800 400 400

North Carolina 182, 000 90, 000 92, 000 41, 000 18, 700 22 300

North Dakota 63, 894 30, 895 32, 999 1,100 500 600 9, 568 4,771 4,797 1,200 600 600

Ohio

Oklahoma 128,930 65,285 63,645 18,600 8,800 9,800

Oregon 34, 645 17, 833 16, 812 800 400 400

Pennsylvania 29, 322 14, 770 14, 552 1, 700 800 900

Rhode Island 139, 775 71, 697 68, 078 31, 500 15, 200 16, 300 8, 689 4, 190 4, 439 2, 500 1, 300 1, 200

South Carolina

South Dakota 33, 667 16, 236 17, 431 700 400 300

Tennessee 11,797 5,987 5,810 TOO 300 400

Texas 45,822 22,213 23,609 2,700 1,700 1, 000

Utah 127,492 63,608 63,884 5,700 2,800 2,900 16,599 8,430 8,169 400 200 200

Vermont

Virginia 6,268 3,121 3,147 1,700 900 800

Washington 53, 990 25, 823 28,167 3, 800 2, 200 1, 600

West Virginia 46, 490 23, 790 22, 700 2, 7 00 1,100 1, 600

Wisconsin 26, 099 12, 985 13,114 800 400 400

Wyoming 60, 373 30, 488 29, 885 11,100 5, 300 5, 800 5, 093 2, 629 2, 464 200 100 100

Outlying areas 25,646 11,344 14,302 2,450 930 1,520

American Samoa

Canal Zone

Guam

Puerto Rico

Virgin Islands

266 153 113 40 30 10 781 443 338

938 411 527 130 50 80 23, 382 10, 212 13,170 2,190 830 1, 360 4 279 4 125 i 154 80 20 60

I Excludes approximately 7,000 graduates of subcollegiate departments of

institutions of higher education, Federal schools for Indians and on Federal installations, and residential schools for exceptional children.

Estimated.

48

3 Distribution by sex estimated by Office of Education. 4 Data for 1966-67.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Fall 1968 Statistics of Public Schools;" and Office of Education estimates.
Table 66.-Estimated revenue and nonrevenue receipts of public elementary and secondary schools, by source and State: 1968-69

[Amounts in thousands of dollars'

State

Total

revenue and

nonrevenue Total

receipts

Revenue receipts

Federal 1

Amount Percent

of total

State

Amount Percent

of total

Local and other 2

Amount Percent

of total

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

United States $37,097,292 $33,692,453 $2,453,211 7.3 $13,769,557 40.9 517,469,615 51.9 Alabama 383, 000 365, tn0 58, 000 15.9 3 219, 000 9 60. 0 88, 000 24. 1

Alaska 98, 733 73, 310 18, 830 25.7 32,780 44.7 21, 700 29.6

Arizona 319, 907 274, 907 22,089 8.0 151, 705 55.2 101,113 36.8

Arkansas 250,210 225,210 38,000 16.9 105, 210 46.7 82, 000 36.4

California 4, 055, 000 3, 675, 000 215, 000 5.9 1, 260, 000 34.3 2, 200, 000 59. 9

Colorado 401, 000 366, 000 26, 000 7. 1 88, 000 24. 0 252,000 68.9

C41nnecticut 618, 000 568, 000 25, 000 4.4 178, 000 31.3 365,000 64. 3

Delaware 128, 000 108, 000 8, 000 7.4 78, 500 72.7 21, 500 19.9

District of Columbia 178, 443 178, 443 3 62, 319 34.9 116,129 65. 1

Florida 8 1, 039, 990 996, 990 101,279 10.2 563, 275 56.5 332,436 33. 3

Georgia 633, 665 588,665 64,931 11.0 7 372, 307 7 63. 2 151, 427 25.7

Hawaii 153, 300 153, 300 15, 300 10.0 130, 000 84.8 8, 000 5.2

Idaho 3 109, 575 102, 575 9,575 9. 3 42, 000 40. 9 51, 000 49.7

Illinois 1, 966, 083 1, 822, 828 95,406 5. 2 486, 329 26. 7 It 241,093 68.1

Indiana 970,100 908, 000 44, 000 4.8 309, 000 34. 0 555, 000 61.1

Iowa g 519, 000 479, 000 20, 300 4.2 156, 000 32.6 302,700 63.2

Kansas 441,981 406,981 31,928 7.8 118, 758 29.2 256, 295 63.0

Kentucky 451,000 411,000 65, 000 15.8 211, 000 51.3 135, 000 32.8

Louisiana 674,275 594,275 61,000 10.3 373, 275 62.8 160, 000 26.9

Maine 147,931 137,931 9, 944 7.2 47,930 34.7 80, 057 58.0

Maryland 889, 731 781, 559 52, 540 6. 7 291, 295 37.3 437, 724 56.0

Massachusetts 951,000 871, 000 60, 000 6.9 195, 000 22.4 616, 000 70. 7

Michigan 1, 937, 377 1, 697, 377 67, 000 3.9 752, 464 44.3 877, 913 51.7

Minnesota 779,000 679,000 45, 000 6.6 294, 000 43.3 340, 000 50.1

Mississippi 317, 554 295, 554 58, 980 20. 0 156,923 53.1 79,651 26. 9

Missouri 703, 182 648, 182 40,868 6. 3 222, 193 34. 3 385,121 59.4

Montana 8 139, 000 127, 000 9, 000 7. 1 35, 000 27.6 83, 000 65.4

Nebraska 217,257 187,257 14,257 7.6 33, 000 17.6 140, 000 74.8

Nevada 105,900 90,900 6, 500 7.2 35, 300 38.8 49,100 54.0

New Hampshire 115, 352 96, 892 4,770 4.9 12 8, 780 129.1 83, 342 86.0

New Jersey 1, 465, 000 1, 305,000 60,000 4.6 359,000 27.5 886,000 67.9

New Mexico 209, 087 192, 847 29, 089 15.1 11 119, 212 61.8 44,546 23.1

New York 4, 641,000 4,166, 000 176,000 4.2 1 , 993,000 47.8 1, 997,000

North Carolina 705, 000 645,000 83,000 12.9 434,000 67.3 128,000 19.8

North Dakota 106, 800 97, 800 7, 750 7.9 25, 550 26.1 64, 500 66.0

Ohio 1, 734, 400 1, 589, 400 84, 400 5. 3 555, 000 34.9 950,000 59.8

Oklahoma 382,000 352,000 42,000 11.9 115,000 32.7 195.000 55. 4

Oregon 468,200 432,200 28, 992 6. 7 76, 369 17.7 326, 839 75.6

Pennsylvania 1, 961, 083 1, 892, 683 103, 563 5. 5 855, 856 45.2 933, 264 49. 3

Rhode Island 141,671 121,671 8,158 6. 7 40, 866 33.6 72,647 59. 7

South Carolina 353,000 338,000 41, 000 12.1 215,000 63.6 82,000 24.3

South Dakota 106, 400 96, 400 14, 400 14.9 11,000 11.4 71,000 73.7

Tennessee 511, 800 461, 800 55,000 11.9 224, 800 48. 7 182,000 39.4

Texas 13 1, 718, 528 1, 508, 528 175, 298 11.6 709, 880 47. 1 623. 350 41.3

Utah 198, 362 182,112 11, 089 6.1 94, 648 52.0 76, 375 41.9

Vermont 93, 837 84, 298 3, 519 4. 2 25,000 29. 7 55,779 66.2

Virginia 780,000 700,000 65,000 9.3 285,000 40. 7 350,000 50.0

Washington 680,000 600,000 40,000 6. 7 365,000 60.8 195,000 32. 5

West Virginia 235, 100 225, 100 27, 500 12.2 113,000 50.2 84,600 37.6

Wisconsin 838, 478 728, 478 33, 637 4.6 189, 352 26.0 505, 489 69.4

Wyoming 73,000 63,000 13, 000 20.6 16,000 25.4 34, 000 54.0

Nonrevenue

receipts

10

$3,404,139

18,000

25,423

g 45, 000

25 000

380, 000

35, 000

50, 000

20, 000

43, 000

45, 000

7), 000

143,255

62,100

40, 000

35, 000

40,000

80,000

10, 000

108,172

80, 000

240, 000

100, 000

22, 000

55, 000

12,000

30, 000

15, 000

18,460

160, 000

16, 240

475, 000

12 60,000

9,000

145,000

30,000

36,000

68, 400

20,000

15, 000

10,000

50,000

210,000

16, 250

9, 539

80,000

80, 000

10,000

110,000

10,000

Includes Federal grant programs to State and local systems, including aid to

federally impacted areas, school lunch and milk, National Defense Education Act,

Manpower Development and Training Act, vocational education, Economic Opportunity Act, Elementary and Secondary Education Act, etc. ESEA revenues have

generally been estimated on an anticipated cash expenditure basis at a level similar

to outlays in the previous year.

2 Includes revenue receipts from local and intermediate sources, gifts, and tuition

and fees from patrons.

3 Includes social security and teacher retirement for all educational agencies and

institutions.

4 Includes proceeds from county bond issues.

3 Estimated by N EA Research Division.

0 Excludes revenues for public junior colleges which are operated by a junior

college district board of trustees.

49

7 Includes State payments of $20,681,820 for teacher retirement.

g Data not available.

9 Includes State appropriation for area vocational schools and junior colleges.

10 Excludes State's share of teacher retirement and social security.

" Includes revenues for operation of the Public School Finance Division which is

not a part of the State Department of Education. 12 Includes approximately $20,000,000 from sale of State bonds for school

construction.

13 Excludes revenues for kindergartens.

NOTE: Because of rounding, percents may not add to 100.0.

SOURCE: National Education Association, Research Division, Research Report

1968-R16, "Estimates of School Statistics, 1968-69." (Copyright © 1968 by the

National Education Association. All rights reserved.)
Table 67.-Revenue receipts of public elementary and secondary schools from

Federal, State, local, and other sources, by State: 1965-66

[Amounts in thousands of dollars!

State

Total revenue

receipts

Faders II State

Local

(including intermediate) Other revenue receipts:

Amount Percent of

total

Amount Percent of

total

Amount Percent of

total

Amount Percent of

total 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

UalteiRdim $25,351451 $1,951,154 7.1 $1,920,211 31.1 $11,1140105 52.5 $125,211 0.5

Alabama 308, 397 58, 857 19. 1 191,641 62. 1 56;382 18. 3 1, 517 .5

Alaska. 51, 716 14,109 27.3 26,124 50.5 11, 483 22.2

Arizona 211, 627 26, 218 12.4 69, 497 32.8 115,912 54.8

Arkansas 186, 354 38, 930 20.9 80, 292 43.1 66, 900 35.9 232 .1

California 3,192, 496 140, 918 4.4 1,178, 579 36.9 1, 872, 999 58.7

Colorado 296, 066 26, 615 9.0 72,085 24.3 196, 212 66.3 1,154 .4

Connacticuk 371, 538 14, 907 4.0 133, 981 36.1 3 222, 650 59.9

Delaware 101, 805 5, 501 5.4 81,189 79.7 14, 973 14.7 142 .1

District of Columbia 4 496, 649 23, 826 24.7 72, 823 75.3

Florida 717,192 97, 379 13.6 327, 597 45.7 282, 393 39.4 9, 823 1.4

Georgia 460, 823 66, 645 14.5 265, 386 57.6 127, 458 27.7 1, 334 .3

Hawaii 109, 258 15, 219 13.9 87, 924 80.5 6,043 5.5 72 .1

Idaho 86, 353 5, 896 6. 8 33, 724 39.1 46, 558 53.9 175 .2

Illinois_ 1, 381, 717 73, 475 5.3 329, 819 23.9 971, 083 70.3 7, 340 .5

Indiana 691, 294 38, 686 5.6 251, 735 36.4 398, 901 57.7 1,972 .3

Iowa 367, 454 26, 613 7.2 45, 831 12.5 291, 875 79.4 3,135 .9

Kansas 3 300, 573 29, 369 9.8 93, 363 31. 1 177, 841 59.2

Kentucky 274, 056 44, 768 16.3 142, 638 52.0 85, 783 31.3 867 .3

Louisiana 403, 220 37, 014 9.2 260, 542 64.6 105, 664 26.2

Maine 98, 654 9, 742 9.9 25, 320 25.7 63, 337 64.2 255 .3

Maryland 505, 397 40,943 8. 1 177, 495 35. 1 282, 361 55.9 4, 598 .9

Massachusetts 565, 442 33, 684 6.0 145,093 25.7 384, 568 68.0 2,097 .4

Michigan 1, 029, 676 49, 622 4.8 515, 608 50.1 454,044 44.1 10, 402 1.0

Minnesota 537, 657 25, 320 4.7 213, 829 39.8 295,085 54.9 3, 423 .6

Mississippi 206, 984 34, 701 16.8 104, 319 50.4 65, 070 31.4 2, 894 1.4

Missouri s 550,332 43, 829 8.0 157, 622 28.6 348,190 63.3 691 .1

Montana 100, 477 9, 558 9.5 27, 541 27.4 63, 378 63. 1

Nebraska 164,088 14,017 8.5 8, 315 5.1 140, 583 85.7 1,173 .7

Nevada 68, 810 7,171 10.4 31, 305 45.5 30,088 43.7 .246 .4

New Hampshire 68, 641 4, 721 6.9 9, 376 13.7 54, 489 79.4 55 .1

New Jersey 923, 295 58, 801 6.4 188, 658 20.4 675, 836 73.2

New Mexico 158, 715 26, 936 17.0 100, 802 63.5 30,644 19.3 333 .2

New York 3,015.628 117, 529 3.9 1, 350, 427 44.8 1, 530, 656 50.8 17,017 .6

North Carolina 506,927 60, 914 12.0 330,013 65.1 115, 858 22.9 142 (9

North Dakota 77,968 7, 968 10.2 19, 790 25.4 50, 079 64.2 131 .2

Ohio_ 1, 243, 326 84, 278 6.8 316, 787 25.5 835, 876 67. 2 6, 385 .5

Oklahoma 289, 578 40, 957 14.1 80.737 27.9 160, 884 55.6 7, 000 2.4

Oregon 308, 628 16, 806 5.4 81, 151 26.3 208, 726 67.6 1, 945 .6

Pennsylvania 1, 375, 593 106,180 7.7 579, 385 42. 1 684, 597 49.8 5, 431 .4

Rhode Island 85, 454 4, 505 5.3 26, 497 31.0 54, 352 63.6 100 .1

South Carolina 263, 358 39, 696 15.1 164, 236 62.4 58, 991 22.4 435 .2

South Dakota 87, 264 10, 409 11.9 9, 982 11.4 66, 437 76.1 436 .5

Tennessee 136, 604 59, 543 17.7 167, 868 49.9 108, 203 32. 1 990 .3

Texas 1, 266, 422 141, 803 11.2 619, 264 48.9 482, 212 38.1 23,143 1.8

Utah 151, 723 13, 310 8.8 71, 927 47.4 66,145 43.6 341 .2

Vermont 50, 541 3, 091 6.1 13, 659 27.0 33,647 66.6 144 . 3

Virginia 458, 420 50,639 11.0 171,036 37.3 233,993 51.0 2,752 .6

Washington 494,917 35, 986 7.3 291, 734 58.9 163, 589 33.1 3, 608 .7

West Virginia 192, 451 31, 510 16.4 90, 7,58 47.3 69, 557 36.1 426 .2

Wisconsin 3 511, 530 23, 954 4.7 136, 455 26.7 350, 773 68.6 348 .1

Wyoming 53, 770 3, 886 7.2 21,083 39.2 28, 224 52.5 577 1.1

Outlying areas:

American Samoa 3, 329 3, 329 100.0

Puerto Rico 158, 491 41, 413 26. 1 117, 078 73.9

Virgin Islands 1, 450 1, 450 100.0

I Includes value of commodities distributed under the school lunch and milk

programs.

2 Includes gifts, tuition, and transportation fees.

3 Data estimated by State.

4 Data estimated by Office of Education.

s Excludes data for vocational high schools not reported as part of the regular

public school system.

Less than 0.05 percent.

50

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of State School Systems, 1965-66."
Table 68.Public elementary and secondary school revenue receipts from

Federal, State, and local sources: United States, 1919-20 to 1967-68

School year Total

Local

Federal State (including

intermediate)

School year Total

2

Local

Federal State (including

intermediate) 1

3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 AMOUNT IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION

1919-20 $970, 120 $2, 475 $160, 085 $807, 561 1919-:0 100.0 0. 3 16. 5 83.2

1929-30 2, 088, 557 7, 334 353, 670 1, 727, 553 1u9-30 1 oo. o .4 16.9 82.7

1939-40 2, 260, 527 39, 810 684, 354 1, 536, 363 1939-40 100.0 1.8 30.3 68.0

1941-42 2, 416, 580 34,305 759,993 1, 622, 181 1941-42 100.0 1.4 31.5 67.1

1943-44 2, 604, 322 35, 886 859,183 1, 709, 253 '943-44 100.0 1.4 33.0 65.6

1945-46 3, 059, 845 41, 378 1, 062, 057 1, 956, 409 1945-46 100.0 1.4 34.7 63.8

1947-48 4, 311, 534 120, 270 1, 676, 362 2, 514, 902 1947-48 100.0 2.8 38.9 58.3

1949-50 5, 437, 044 155, 848 2,165, 689 3,115, 507 1949-50 100.0 2.9 39.8 57.3 , 1951-52 6, 423, 816 227, 711 2, 478, 596 3, 717, 507 1951-52 100.0 3.5 38.0 57.8

1953-54 , 7, 866, 852 355, 237 2, 944,103 4, 567, 512 1953-54 100.0 4.5 37.4 58.1

1955-56 9, 686, 677 441, 442 3, 828, 886 5, 416, 350 1955-56 100.0 4.6 39.5 55.9

1957-58 12, 181, 513 486,484 4, 800, 368 6, 894, 661 1957-58 100. 0 4.0 39. 4 56.6

1959-60 14, 746, 618 651, 639 5, 768, 047 8, 326, 932 1959-60 100.0 4.4 39.1 56.5

1961-62 17, 527, 707 760,975 6, 789,190 9, 977, 542 1961-62 100.0 4.3 38.7 56.9

1963-64 20. 544. 182 896,956 8, 078, 014 11, 569, 213 1963-64 100.0 4.4 39.3 56.3

1965-66 25, 356, 858 1,996,954 9, 920, 219 13, 439,686 1965-66 100. 0 7. 9 39. 1 53.0

196748 2 30, 780, 000 2, 430, 000 , 12, 040, 000 16, 310; 000 1967-68 2 100. 0 7.9 39. 1 53.0

I

Includes a relatively minor amount from other sources (gifts and tuition and

transportation fees from patrons), which accounted for 0.5 percent of total revenue

receipts in 1965-66.

2 Estimated.

NOTE: Beginning in 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii. Because of rounding,

detail may not add to totals. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of State School Systems," and Office of Education estimates.

Table 69.Results of public school bond elections: United States, 1957-58 to 1967-68

Fiscal year

Number of elections Percent

approved

based on

number

Par value of issues voted on

(in millions)

Percent

approved

based on

Total Approved Total Approved dollar value

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1957-58

1958-59

1959-60

1960-61

1961-62_

196243

196344

196445

1965-66

196647

196748

(I) 0(I)

(0)

1, 432

2, 048

2, 071

2, 041

1, 745

1, 625

1, 750

0

(I)

(I)

(0)

1, 034

1, 482

1, 501

1, 525

1, 265

1, 082

1,183

(I) (I)

(I)

72.2

72.4

72.5

74.7

72.5

66.6

67.6

$1, 542

1, 801

2, 672

1, 605

1, 849

2, 659

2, 672

3, 129

3, 560

3, 063

3, 740

$1, 123

1, 433

1, 792

1, 218

1, 273

1, 851

1, 900

2, 485

2, 652

2,119

2, 338

72.8

79. 6

67. 1

75.9

68.9

69.6

71.1

79. 4

74.5

69.2

62.5

I Data not available.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, circulars on "Bond Sales for Public School Purposes."

51

3,616-004
Table 70.-Estimated expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose and State: 1968-69

[In thousands of dollars]

Current expenditures

State Total

expenditures

Public

elementary

and secondary

day schools

Other

programs I

Capital

outlay

Interest on

school debt

1 2 3 4 5 6

United States $35,511,170 $28,644,943 1,197,134 $4,654,134 $1,014,959

Alabama 407,176 341, 476 1, 600 53, 000 11,100 Alaska 94, 100 68, 570 480 22, 000 3, 050 Arizona 285, 361 247, 335 2, 266 29,285 6, 475 Arkansas 247, 669 201, 746 40,109 5, 814 California_ 4, 189, 000 3, 041, 000 461,000 550,000 137,000

Colorado 374, 000 322, 400 1, 100 40, 000 10, 500 Connecticut 532, 200 470, 000 5,700 40, 000 16, 500 Delaware 117, 500 86, 800 200 25, 000 5, 500 District of Columbia 171, 972 123, 235 12, 796 35, 941 Florida 1, 036, 726 837, 362 884 181, 772 16, 708

Georgia . 618, 496 537, 496 9, 000 57, 000 15, 000 Hawaii 144, 020 117, 681 5, 499 18, 967 1, 873 Idaho_ 108,150 95, 000 150 11, 000 2, 000 Illinois It 892, 965 1, 526, 113 67, 574 243, 016 56,262 Indiana 965, 000 718, 000 14, 000 225, 000 8, 000

Iowa 531, 500 450, 000 2, 000 70, 000 9, 500 Kansas 388, 243 308, 093 9, 874 60, 276 10, 000 Kentucky 381,200 345, 000 3,700 22,000 10,500 Louisiana 609, 500 505, 000 1, 000 85, 000 18, 500 Maine 142, 674 121, 976 4,290 13, 750 2, 658

Maryland 849, 656 624, 245 27, 293 171, 232 26, 886 Massachusetts 885, 000 778, 000 11, 000 88, 000 8, 000 Michigan 1, 647, 000 1, 300, 000 43, 000 240, 000 64, 000 Minnesota

Mississippi 812, 305 655, 615 9, 433 113, 805 33, 452 289, 705 249, 305 18, 000 18, 000 4,400

Missouri 705, 361 561, 689 30, 000 97, 500 16,172 Montana 141, 500 122, 500 4, 000 12, 000 3, 000 Nebraska 204, 883 159, 383 9, 700 30, 600 5, 200 Nevada

New Hampshire 96,605 70,994 1,101 19, 080 5, 430

106, 732 83, 597 596 19, 069 3, 470

New Jersey

New Mexico 1, 352, 336 1,118, 780 15, 000 175, 000 43, 556

New York 209, 602 173, 402 2,122 31, 775 2, 303 4, 216, 000 3, 527, 000 174,000 400,000 115,000 North Carolina 675, 500 565, 000 27, 000 72, 000 11, 500 North Dakota 103, 400 83, 000 1, 400 16, 000 3, 000

Ohio

Oklahoma 1, 704, 000 1, 425, 000 25, 000 200, 000 54, 000

Oregon 341, 000 291, 000 2, 500 43, 000 4, 500 435,223 346,914 20,803 59,836 7,670 Pennsylvania 2, 009, 076 1, 605, 568 57, 637 250, 071 95, 800 Rhode Island 158, 956 135, 214 742 19, 000 4, 000

South Carolina

South Dakota 340, 000 289, 300 10, 000 35, 000 5, 700 109,130 90,630 17,000 1,500 Tennessee 498,700 416,700 11,000 55,800 15,200 Texas It 582,115 1, 260,115 12, 000 250, 000 60, 000 Utah 201, 525 150, 385 4, 940 42, 300 3, 900

Vermont

Virginia 81, 968 63, 288 100 17, 750 830

Washington 739, 200 589, 200 20, 000 110, 000 20, 000

West Virginia 652, 800 510, 000 40, 000 82, 000 20,800

Wisconsin l 233, 000 200, 000 :I, 000 27, 000 3, 000

Wyoming 823, 140 676, 336 12, 654 110, 000 24, 150

68, 300 58, 500 8,200 1, 600

Outlying areas:

American Samoa 4, 326 3, 883 367 76 (2) Canal Zone 16, 709 11, 270 1, 583 3, 856 Guam 15, 970 15, 132 209 629 Puerto Rico 210, 000 175, 000 19, 000 16, 000

I Includes expenditures for "summer schools, adult education, community

services (such as public libraries operated by school districts, expenditures for

nonpublic schools where authorized by law, community centers, and recreational

activities), and community colleges and technical institutes under the jurisdiction

of local boards of education.

52

2 Data not available.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Fall 1968 Statistics of Public Schools."
Table 71.-Summary of expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose and State: 1965-66

n thousands of dollars)

State

Total

expenditures,

Current expenditures for full-time elementary and secondary day schools

Capital

outlay

Interest on

school

debt

all

schools Total

Adminis-

!ration 1 Instruction

Operation

of plant

Mainte- nance of plantFixed

charges

Other

school

services

Other

programs a

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

United States__ $26,241,026 $21,053,210 $937,646 $14,445,414 $1,762,745 $623,511 $1,700,985 $1,512,151 $648,304 1$3,754,112 $791,510

Alabama 332,246 286,298 7,129 201,430 11,551 6,390 22,884 36,914 1,205 41,763 2,980

Alaska 49, 539 43,160 3, 313 28, 285 5, 606 1,189 1, 932 2, 835 37 4, 734 1,608

Arizona 219,912 186,433 7,649 139,060 16,754 6,494 4,716 11,760 28,083 5,396

Arkansas 198,325 163,754 9,931 96,881 13,171 3,685 18,049 22,037 1,244 28,837 4,490 California 3, 409, 954 12, 410, 600 143, 453 1, 699, 312 199, 509 85, 752 168,170 114, 404 293, 854 580, 518 124, 982

Colorado 304,653 246,222 10,668 173,389 20,575 7,903 17,576 16,111 6,440 42,283 9,708 Connecticut

Delaware

378, 595

108,336

343, 995

66,417

12,163

4,372

243, 981

44,793

(7)

5, 812

736,884

900

26,298

5, 469

24,669

5, 071

2,592

236

19,508

37, 234

12,500

4, 449

District of Columbia 8 96, 358 83, 398 1, 631 56, 338 8,129 4, 831 8, 368 4,101 1,175 11, 785

Florida. 684, 208 528, 823 16, 559 409, 999 36, 450 15, 657 20, 429 29, 729 37, 031 104, 569 13, 785

Georgia 488,684 378,029 14,877 269,129 21,283 9,574 29,946 33,220 9,206 91,289 10,160

Hawaii ;04,387 83,543 3,715 57,736 3,463 5,541 6,078 7,010 1,389 17,392 2,063

Idaho 83,433 70,181 3,142 48,781 6,116 1,972 3,717 6,453 11,488 1,764

Illinois 1,364, 534 1,126,016 55,247 761, 822 136,692 29,612 80, 417 62, 226 22, 9R5 176,060 39, 473

Indiana 714,737 546,271 15,107 388,453 48,660 17,137 34,291 42,622 7,256 1 149, 981 11,229

Iowa 351, 029 306, 378 18, 952 204, 298 37, 787 (0) 18, 016 27, 325 8, 277 28, 589 7, 785

Kansas 296,373 251,530 10,972 178,081 21,857 7,722 13,639 19,259 1,221 38,856 4,766

Kentucky 275,650 235,939 9,701 164,542 14,573 4,643 15,531 26,949 3,501 28,486 7,724

Louisiana 419, 711 343, 300 12, 938 221, 783 16, 432 16, 439 27,166 48, 542 3, 505 57, 638 15, 268

Maine 101,825 87,538 3,461 60,210 7,940 2,364 5,731 7,832 732 11,310 2,245'

Maryland 545,956 393,419 10,585 283,376 31,364 13,221 26,704 28,169 10,791 120,724 21,022

Massachusetts 664, 600 587,027 23, 467 406, 047 52, 886 17,155 40, 898 46, 574 8, 338 52, 851 16, 384

Michigan 1, 262, 609 1, 005, 331 40, 204 683, 631 106, 804 31, 984 88, 616 54, 092 18, 287 196, 011 42, 980

Minnesota 570,428 449,786 18,548 302,462 45,206 10,884 30,070 42,616 6,137 91,633 22,872

Mississippi 202,186 156,995 6,165 106, 842 8, 236 4, 729 8, 692 22, 331 9,165 31, 944 4, 082

Missouri 506, 543 403,108 18, 732 278, 338 33, 213 14,642 23,491 34, 692 17, 871 72, 611 12, 958

Montana 94, 778 81, 416 4, 560 53, 429 7, 255 2, 391 5, 959 7, 822 441 10, 499 2, 422

Nebraska 172, 747 140, 834 7, 815 99,126 12,116 5, 274 7, 331 9,172 2, 661 24,165 5, 087

Nevada 81,661 55,301 2,048 40,380 4,865 2,039 2,940 3,029 956 20,843 4,561

New Hampshire 77, 638 59, 309 2, 689 40, 081 4, 911 1, 307 4, 461 5, 860 199 15,905 2, 225

New Jersey 974,341 801,034 31,972 529,737 66,218 25,340 92,748 55,019 6,142 134,274 32,891

New Mexico 158,516 131,061 4,892 89,699 9,001 4,033 11,363 12,073 574 25,318 1,563

New York 3, 018, 787 2, 495, 075 104,243 1, 581, 435 0251, 448 (0) 327,450 230,499 47, 406 379,200 97,106

North Carolina 486, 932 414, 787 12, 484 306, 423 18, 774 13, 703 32, 823 30, 580 419 63, 250 8, 476

North Dakota 83, 373 67, 508 3, 441 44, 005 6, 512 1, 592 3, 804 8,154 58 13, 326 2, 481

Ohio 1,244, 792 1, 039, 222 52, 380 705, 799 97, 962 30,179 95, 273 57,629 6,110 159, 524 39, 936

Oklahoma 290, 329 241, 450 10, 600 163, 039 17, 250 15, 856 15, 449 19, 256 2, 406 41, 499 4, 974

Oregon 320, 361 257, 485 12, 360 178, 374 21, 516 10, 400 16, 371 18, 464 7, 581 49, 501 5, 794

Pennsylvania 1, 372, 462 1, 149, 132 59, 462 760, 415 95,2.67 36, 550 107, 947 89, 491 22, 025 3137, 515 63, 790

Rhode Island 93, 927 80, 537 2, 730 56,667 7, 462 2,195 6,165 5, 318 525 9, 699 3,166

South Carolina 242, 097 201,138 9, 054 137, 689 11,175 6,189 16, 402 20, 629 4, 924 30,964 5,071

South Dakota 89,002 73,909 4,521 50,310 6,217 2,465 4,287 6,109 60 13,787 1,246

Tennessee 381,597 301,352 12,023 203,863 18,425 20,022 18,273 28,746 10,861 57,685 11,699

Texas 1,338,841 1, 062, 629 54,733 786,168 66,189 29,310 69,374 56,855 15,491 210,641 50,080

Utah 170, 491 126, 056 3, 897 88, 817 10, 088 5, 488 9, 862 7, 904 2, 898 38, 075 3, 462

Vermont 44,716 41,062 3,705 26,820 3,462 1,243 2,687 3,145 100 2,754 800

Virginia 491, 988 394, 092 15, 050 286, 072 27, 800 14, 268 22, 248 28,654 6, 312 81,116 10, 468

Washington 483, 937 398, 252 16,125 276, 394 33, 049 15,116 32, 949 24, 619 23, 221 47, 217 15, 247

West Virginia 175, 847 151, 721 5, 375 101, 936 10, 974 5, 223 11, 039 17,174 8, 515 13, 858 1, 753

Wisconsin. 572, 305 457, 032 16,183 296, 498 40, 748 14, 398 33, 773 55, 432 5, 944 96, 076 13, 253

Wyoming_ 51,745 48,395 2,623 33,309 3,992 1,696 3,093 3,682 1,994 1,356

Outlying areas:

Canal Zone 16,256 8,119 299 6,183 380 358 798 101 961 7,176

Puerto Rico 140, 852 125, 415 7, 261 77, 975 5, 752 778 8, 890 24, 759 6,064 9, 373

Virgin Islands 7, 909 3, 845 650 2, 682 513 764 3, 300

1 Includes expenditures for administration at all levels.

2 includes attendance services, health services, pupil transportation, food services and extracurricular activities.

3 Includes community services, summer schools, adult education, and community

colleges. Incomplete for some States.

Includes expenditures not allocable to pupil costs which amounted to a total

of $13,589,000. States reporting such expenditures were: Alabama, $375,000;

Delaware, $118,000; Kentucky, $1,486,000; Minnesota, $367,000; New Jersey,

$10,400,000 Utah, $829,000; and West Virginia, $14,000. These amounts were

excluded in computing per pupil expenditures.

53

3 Included In this table are capital outlays by State and local school housing

authorities in 2 States which amounted to an estimated total of $154,263,000 in

1965-66 ($72,500,000 in Indiana and $81,763,000 in Pennsylvania).

6 Includes expenditures for summer schools.

7 Data for column 6 Included In column 7.

Estimated by Office of Education.

0 Data for column 7 included In column 6.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Statistics of State School Systems, 1965-66."
Table 72.-Summary of expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose: United States, 1919-20 to 1965-66

Purpose of expenditure

1

School year

1919-20

2

Total expenditures, all

schools

Current expenditures, all

schools

Public elementary and

secondary schools_ _ _ Ad ministration___

Instruction

Plant operation

Plant maintenance_

Fixed charges

Other school services 1

Summer schools

Adult education 2 - - - Community colleges_ _

Community services_ _ _ Capital outlay 3

Interest

81, 039,151

1929-30 1939-40

3 4

82,316,790 82,344,049

1949-50

5 1955-56 1957-58 1959-60 1961-62 1963-64 1965 -66

6 7 8 9 10 11 AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS

85,837,643 810,955,047 811,569,163 815,613,255 818,373,339 821,324,993 $26,249,026

864,397 1, 853., 377 1, 955, 166 4, 722, 888

661,120 1, 843, 552 1, 941, 799 4, 687, 274

36,752 78,680 91,571 220,050

632, 556 1, 317, 727 1, 403, 285 3, 112, 340

115, 707 216, 072 194, 365 427, 587

30,432 78,810 73,321 214,164

9, 286 50, 270 50,116 261, 469

36,387 101,993 129,141 451,663

(2) (2) (2)

3,277 9,825 13,367 V, 614

(9 (9 2

(2) (2)

153, 543 370, 878 257, 974 1, 014,176

18,212 92,536 130,909 100,578

Total expenditures. all

schools 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Current expenditures, all

schools 83. 4 80. 0 83. 4 80. 9

Public elementary and

secondary schools___

Ad ministration___

Instruction

Plant operation

Plant maintenance_

Fixed charges

Other school sorvices 1

Summer schools

Adult education 2

Community colleges_ _ _ Community services__ _ Capital outlay 3

I nterest

83. 1 79.6 82.8 80.3

3.5 3.4 3.9 3.8

61. 0 56.9 59.9 53.3

11.2 9.3 8.3 7.3

2. 9 3. 4 3. 1 3. 7

.9 2.2 2.1 4.5

3.5 4.4 5.5 7.7

(2) (2) (2) (2)

. 3 . 4 . 6 . 6 (2) (2)

(1) (1) (1) (1)

(2) (2)

14.8 16.0 11.0 17.4

1.8 4.0 5.6 1.7

8, 352, 162 10, 374, 494 12, 461, 955 14, 923, 363 17, 645,973 21, 701, 584

8, 251, 420 10, 251, 843 12, 329, 389 14, 729, 270 17, 218, 446 21, 053, 280

372,956 443,325 528,408 648,372 744,770 937,646

5, 501,921 6, 900, 899 8, 350, 738 10, 016, 280 11, 750, 469 14, 445, 484

752, 739 924, 342 1, 085, 036 1, 283, 085 1, 445, 845 1, 762, 745

319,560 378,127 422,586 477,346 539,186 623,581

531, 393 715, 033 909, 323 1, 077, 278 1, 343, 684 1, 700,965

772,851 890,118 1, 033, 297 1, 226, 909 1, 394, 492 1, 582, 858

2,853 4,554 13,263 21,326 28,994 70,310

30,554 36,749 26,858 29,536 74,872 120,874

31, 468

35, 868

40,492

40, 855

34,492

57, 953

71,252

71, 979

245, 433

78, 229

301.545

155, 575

2, 387,187 2, 852, 747 2,661, 786 2, 862,153 2, 977, 976 3, 754, 862

215,699 341,922 489,514 587,823 701,044 791,580

PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

76.2 76.5 79.8 81.2 82.7 82.7

75.3 75.6 79. 0 80.2 80. 7 80. 2

3.4 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6

50. 2 50.9 53.5 54. 5 55. 1 55. 0

6.9 6.8 6.9 7.0 6.8 6.7

2. 9 2.8 2. 7 2.6 2. 5 2. 4

4.9 5.3 5.8 5.9 6.3 6.5

7.1 6.6 6.6 6.8 6.5 6.0

(9 (9

. 3 . 3 .2 .2 .4 .5

. 3

. 3

. 3

. 3

.2

.4

.4

.4

1. 2

. 4 . 6

1. 1 ?1.8 21.0 17.0 15.6 14.0 14.3

2.0 2.5 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.0

1 Prior to 1955-56, items included under "other school services" were listed

ender "auxiliary services," a more comprehensive classification which also

included community services.

2 Prior to 1955-56, data shown for adult education represent combined expenditures for adult education, summer schools, and community colleges.

3 Prior to 1965-66, excludes capital outlay by State and local schoolhousing

authorities.

4 Less than 0.05 of 1 percent.

54

NOTE.-Beginning in 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii. Because of rounding,

detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Statistics of State School Systeins."

7
Table 73.Personal income, 1968, related to estimated expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by State: 1968-69

United States

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas.

Kentucky_

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Personal income

Total expenditures for public

elementary and secondary education

Current expenditures for public

elementary and secondary day

schools

Total

(in millions) Per capita

Amount

(in thousands) I

As a percent

of personal

income

Amount As a percent

(in thousands) of personal

income

2 3 4 5 6 7 $681,933 $3,412 $35,511,110 5.21 $28,644,943 4.20

8, 286 2, 329 407, 176 4.91 341, 476 4. 12

1, 130 4, 124 94,100 8.33 68, 570 6.07

4, 961 2, 983 285, 361 5.75 247, 335 4.99

4, 576 2, 304 247, 669 5.41 201, 746 4.41

77, 433 4, 012 4, 189, 000 5.41 3, 041, 000 3.93

6, 886 3, 371 374, 000 5.43 322, 400 4.68

12, 537 4, 231 532, 200 4.25 470, 000 3.75

2, 076 3, 888 117, 500 5.66 86, 800 4.18

3, 654 4, 516 171, 972 4.71 123, 235 3.37

18, 950 3, 081 1, 036, 726 5.47 837, 362 4.42

12, 531 2, 743 618, 496 4.94 537, 496 4.29

2, 706 3, 514 144, 020 5.32 117, 681 4.35

1, 918 2, 728 108,150 5.64 95, 000 4.95

43, 898 3, 994 1, 892, 965 4.31 1, 526, 113 3.48

17, 314 3, 421 965, 000 5.57 718, 000 4.15

9, 408 3, 391 531, 500 5.65 450, 000 4.78

7,642 3, 333 388, 243 5. 08 308, 093 4. 03

8,363 2,597 381,200 4.56 345,000 4.13

9, 745 2, 615 609, 500 6.25 505, 000 5. 18

2,788 2,857 142,674 5.12 121,976 4.38

13, 933 3, 712 849, 656 6. 10 624, 245 4.48

20, 758 3, 796 885, 000 4.26 778, 000 3.75

32,105 3, 674 1, 647, 000 5.13 1, 300, 000 4.05

12, 102 3, 318 812, 305 6.71 655, 615 5.42

4, 821 2, 057 289, 705 6.01 249, 305 5.17

14, 891 3, 220 705, 361 4.74 561, 689 3.77

2, 022 2, 917 141, 500 7.00 122, 500 6.06

4, 634 3, 220 204, 883 4.42 159, 383 3.44

1, 792 3, 992 96, 605 5.39 70, 994 3.96

2, 294 3, 268 106, 732 4.65 83, 597 3.64

27, 711 3, 907 1, 352, 336 4.88 1, 118, 780 4.04

2,711 2, 695 209,602 7.73 173, 402 6.40

74, 725 4,133 4, 216, 000 5.64 3, 527, 000 4. 72

13, 350 2, 606, 675, 500 5.06 565, 000 4.23

1, 761 2, 808 103, 400 5.87 83, 000 4.71

36, 918- 3, 487 1, 704, 000 4.62 1, 425, 000 3.86

7, 207 2, 860 341, 000 4.73 291, 000 4.04

6, 677 3, 325 435, 223 6.52 346, 914 5.20

39, 987 3, 409 2, 009, 076 5.02 1, 605, 568 4. 02

3, 233 3, 537 158, 956 4.92 135, 214 4.18

6, 231 2, 339 340, 000 5.46 289, 300 4.64

1, 913 2, 916 109, 130 5.70 90, 630 4.74

10, 147 2, 553 498, 700 4.91 416, 700 4. 11

33,111 3, 016 1, 582, 115 4.78 1, 260, 115 3.81

2, 906 2, 810 201, 525 6.93 150, 385 5. 17

1, 282 3, 017 81, 968 6.39 63, 288 4.94

14, 008 3, 049 739, 200 5.28 589, 200 4.21

12, 044 3, 676 652, 800 5.42 510, 000 4.23

4, 488 2, 491 233, 000 5. 19 200, 000 4.46

14, 382 3, 407 823, 140 5. 72 676, 336 4.70

989 3, 139 68, 300 6.91 58, 500 5. 92

I Includes current expenditures, capital outlay, and interest.

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Edu

55

cation, "Fall 1968 Statistics of Public Schools"; U.S. Department of Commerce,

Office of Business Economics, "Survey of Current Business," April 1969.
Table 74.-Estimated expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance in public elementary and secondary day schools, by State: 1968-69

Table 75.-Total and current expenditvre per purr in

average daily attendance in public elementary and

secondary schools: United States, 1929-30 to 1968-69

State

Expenditure per pupil Unadjusted dollars Adjusted dollars (1968-69 School year purchasing power)

Total Current Capital

outlay

Interest on

school debt Total 2 Current Total 2 Current 1 2 3 4 5

1 ---------

2 3 4 5 1929-30. $108 $87 $225 $181

1931-32 97 81 240 200

1933-34 76 67 205 180

1935-36 88 74 228 192

1937 -38. 100 84 249 209

1939-40 106 88 270 224

1941-42 110 98 252 224

1943-44 125 117 256 239

1945-46 145 136 283 266

1947-48 203 179 310 274

1949-50 259 209 390 314

1951-52 313 244 424 331

1953-54 351 265 465 351 1955-56 388 294 514 390

1957-53 449 341 560 425

1959-60 472 375 572 455

1961-62 519 419 615 497

1963-64 559 460 645 531 1965-66 653 538 729 600

1967-683 750 623 786 653

1968-693 834 696 834 696

United States

Alabama__ Masks ..... ..-..... Arizona,......... ,. - -

Arkansas

California

Colorado_

Connecticut

Delaware

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa.. Kansas____- .......

Lou isiana ....... Maine...- ......

Maryland Massachusetts._ . _ _

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi .... .... Missouri

Montana

Nebraska_._........ .,

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania ....... Rhode Island

South Carolina....

South Dakota ......

Tennessee... ...........

Texas

Utah .

Vermont... _ , _ . ,. Virginia

Washington_ __ . . West Virginia.

Wisconsin__ .., .

Wyoming....

Outlying areas:

American Samoa..._

Canal Zone

Guam . _

Puerto Rico-

, -

,

_..

. _

... .

S854 "9' 5113 525

513

1,348

742

597

815

766

925

1, 007

1, 188

801

601

853

636

903

841

850

795

588

761

643

1,021

841

821

939

503

776

855

625

872

792

1, 018

809

1, 306

579

719

747

600

948

903

983

545

710

583

655

689

876

732

808

599

943

835

432

987

648

486

665

662

826

745

920

647

530

724

559

755

635

723

647

538

632

567

775

748

665

767

462

645

761

510

648

624

852

676

1,140

505

585

634

516

793

743

840

478

589

498

526

527

677

600

673

521 787

715

67

317

77

97

120

82

70

215

268

14156

11765

120

199

112

12734

106

64

213

85

123

133

33

11275

98

174

142 133

124 129

64

113

89

76

137

116

118

58

11167

104

148

190

112 108

70

128

100

14 44

1714

30

22

29

47

13

15

12

12 28

715

21

16

23

12 33

8

33

39

8

1919

50

17 26

33

9

37

10

2124

8

18

44

25

9

10

18

25

149

20

27

8

28

20

Based on the Consumer Price Index, prepared by the Bureau of Labor Statistics

U.S. Department of Labor.

2 Includes current expenditure, capital outlay, and interest on school debt.

3 Estimated.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education; "Statistics of Stake School Systems;" and "Fall Statistics of Public Schools."

Table 76.-Expenditures of Federal, State, and local funds for vocational education: United States and

outlying areas, 1920 to 1968

n thousands of dollars]

Fiscal year Total Federal State Local 1 2 3 4 5 1920 $8, 535 $2, 477 $2, 670 $3,388

1930 29,909 7,404 8,233 14,272

1940 55,081 20,004 11,737 23, 340

1942 59,023 20,758 14,045 24,220

1944 64,299 19, 958 15,016 29,325

1946 72,807 20,628 18,538 33,641

1948.... 103,339 26,200 25, 834 51,305

1950 128,717 26,623 40, 534 61,561

1952 146,466 25, 863 47,818 72,784

1954 151,289 25,419 54, 550 71,320

1956 175,886 33,180 61, 821 80,884

1958 209,748 38,733 72,305 98,710

1960 238,812 45,313 82,466 111,033

1962 283,948 51,438 104,264 128,246

1964 332,785 55,027 124,975 152,784

1966 799,895 233,794 216,583 349,518

1967 1,004,133 260, 321 304,711 439,102

1968 I 1,192,442 262,648 400, 343 529,451

526

1,129

825

312

516

841

792

286

10

288

33

26

(2)

I Includes current expenditure, capital outlay, and in 'rest on school debt.

2 Data not available.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of tien;h, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Fall 1968 Statistics of Public Schools"; znd unpublished data.

56

Provisional data.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, a ndWelfare, Office of Education,

annual reports on "Vocational and Technical Education"; and unpublished data.
Table 77.-Expenditures of Federal, State, and local funds for vocational education, by State: Fiscal year 1968 I

lin thousands of dollars]

State

Expenditures by source

Total Federal State Local

2 3 4 5

United States and nut. $1,192,442 5212,141 $400,343 $5211,451 Alabama 24, 844 6, 044 7, 334 II, 466

Alaska 1,532 546 184 802

Arizona 7, 225 2, 202 2, 085 2, 938

Arkansas 9,613 3,440 3,052 3,122 California 79, 207 18, 724 825 59, 658

Colorado 8, 903 2, 586 944 5, 373

Connecticut 19, 721 2, 844 12, 700 4, 176

Delaware 3, 697 605 2, 725 367

District of Columba 2, 377 792 I, 585 0

Florida 34, 796 7, 567 21, 428 5, 801

Georgia 26, 726 7, 517 9, 209 10, 000

Hawaii 3, 148 1, 071 2, 077 0

Idaho 3,568 1,260 1,065 1,243

Illinois 36, 674 11,197 6, 983 18, 494

Indiana 20,405 6,539 3,143 10,723

Iowa 26,729 4,402 10,107 12,220

Kansas 11,187 3, 283 I, 746 6,159 Kentucky 18,198 5,718 10,360 2,120

Louisiana 15, 900 5, 516 867 9, 517

Maine 5, 342 1, 583 2, 224 1, 535

Maryland 22, 848 4, 227 8,107 10, 514

Massachusetts 30, 362 5, 682 557 24, 123

Michigan 38, 321 10, 258 2, 807 25, 255

Minnesota 24, 473 5, 276 8,154 II, 042

Mississippi 13, 058 4, 541 3, 980 4, 536

Missouri 24, 266 6, 623 3, 424 14, 219

41ontana 3, 585 1,158 481 I, 945

Nebraska 5, 453 2, 253 431 2, 769

Nevada 2,757 602 434 1,722

New Hampshire 2, 615 979 897 739

New Jersey 29, 021 6, 730 10, 799 11, 492

New Mexico 4, 872 1, 614 451 2, 806

New York 187, 497 17, 635 87, 239 82, 623

North Carolina 44, 250 9, 085 24, 256 10, 909

North Dakota 4, 451 1, 322 I, 426 1, 703

Ohio 49,903 12,604 20, 101 17, 198

Oklahoma 15, 051 3, 915 1, 650 9, 487

Oregon 9,880 2,669 3,297 3,914

Pennsylvania 92,831 14,492 31,568 46,771

Rhode Island 3, 569 1,174 1, 482 913

South Carolina 20, 859 4, 794 11, 670 4, 396

South Dakota 3,051 1,290 367 1,393

Tennessee 18, 574 6, 670 5, 348 6, 556

Texas 57,152 15, 739 34, 513 6, 900

Utah 8, 032 1, 504 2, 206 4, 322

Vermont 4, 694 762 2, 743 1, 188

Virginia 29,607 6,892 7,839 14,876

Washington 23,992 3,941 4,504 15,547

West Virginia 11, 304 3,160 1, 002 7, 142

Wisconsin 28, 955 5, 794 7.917 15, 244

Wyoming 2, 234 615 126 1, 493

Outlying areas:

Guam 571 265 306 0

Puerto Rico 14,172 4,848 9,324 0

Virgin Islands 390 98 292 0

Provisional data.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Vocational and Technical Education, Annual Report, Fiscal Year 1968."
Chapter III

Higher Education

Universities and colleges exist in every State in

the Union and in all the larger and more populous

outlying areas. Two-fifths of the entire group of

nearly 2,500 institutions are under the control of

State governments or of cities, counties, or other

subdivisions of States. Seven institutions are controlled by the Federal Government. The remaining

59 percent of the institutions are controlled by

religious groups, organizations within professional

groups, or sell-perpetuating groups of publicspirited persons. Publicly controlled colleges and

universities tend to be much larger than their

privately controlled counterparts. More than 70

percent of all college students attend publicly controlled institutions.

Colleges and universities, with their many diverse

characteristics, offer a wide range and great variety

of programs. For example, junior colleges usually

offer only the first 2 years of training at the college

level; universities, a full undergraduate course in

liberal arts, graduate work leading to the doctorate,

and courses preparing for entrance into at least

two of the learned professions. Between these two

extremes are numerous colleges which reflect local needs and purposes.

Degree-credit enrollment in institutions of higher

education in the United States has increased each

year since the early 1950's, rising from 2.1 million

in 1951 to 6.9 million in 1968 and an estimated

7.1 million in 1969. This trend reflects not only a

substantial growth in the number of yoling persons

of college age but also an increased awareness of the

importance of a college education. Each year from

1951 through 1968 there was a rise in the proportion of young people enrolled in college. In 1951

the ratio was 13 college students to 100 persons

18 to 24 years of age in the population; by 1968,

it was 30 college students to 100 persons in the

same age group. Along with the greatly expanded

59

college enrollment, there have been concomitant

increases in the number of faculty members, in

earned degrees conferred, and in expenditures for

higher education. All of these trends are shown

in the tables which follow.

The Office of Education conducts an annual

survey of opening fall enrollment in which it

obtains statistics directly from the institutions of

higher education on total and first-time students.

These data are usually available within 3 months

after the opening of the fall term. The opening fall

enrollment survey has been supplemented by a

comprehensive biennial survey in which more

detailed information is requested. In the comprehensive survey, students are classified not only by

control of institution and by sex but also by

status as resident or extension; undergraduate,

first-professional, or graduate; and full-time or

part-time attendance.

Other studies of institutions of higher education

which have been conducted periodically by the

Office of Education include a biennial survey of

faculty and other professional staff; an annual

survey of faculty salaries; an annual survey of

earned degrees conferred; a biennial survey of

receipts, expenditures, and property; an annual

survey of tuition and fees, and room and board

rates; an annual survey of land-grant institutions;

annual surveys of enrollment for advanced degrees;

and surveys of engineering enrollments and degrees.

The most recent data available from each of these

studies are summarized in the pages which follow.

Some of the tables in this chapter provide totals

for the 50 States and the District of Columbia.

Others also include those outlying areasthe

Canal Zone, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin

Islandswhich have within their borders an institution of higher education. The coverage of each

table is specified in its title or in the table stub.
Table 78.-Total enrollment in institutions of higher education, by type of program, sex of student, control of institution, and State: Fall 1968

Type of program Sex of student Control of institution

State Total

enrollment

DegreecreditOccupational

(nondegreecredit)

Men Women Public Private

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

United States 7,513,091 1.121,115 514.171 4,477,145 3.035,442 5,430.952 2,012,431

Alabama 94, 850 91, 437 3, 413 57, 302 37, 548 77, 519 17, 331

Alaska 7,193 7,096 97 4,193 3,000 6,345 848

Arizona 90, 944 83, 095 7, 849 53, 031 37, 913 89, 380 1, 564

Arkansas 50, 615 49, 830 785 29, 744 20, 871 39, 149 11, 466

California 1, 103, 594 899, 755 203, 839 642, 642 460, 952 987, 558 116, 036

Colorado, 102, 822 96, 878 5, 944 61, 668 41, 154 88,132 14, 690

Connecticut 106,234 98,710 7,524 65,288 40,946 57,430 48,804

Delaware 18, 517 15, 939 2, 578 10, 469 8, 029 14, 887 3, 630

District of Columba 69, 532 66, 625 2,207 44, 075 25, 457 5, 599 63, 933

Florida 201, 914 182, 350 19, 564 122, 004 79, 910 158, 019 43, 895

Georgia 108, 816 106, 873 1, 943 64, 519 44, 297 84, 511 24, 305

Hawaii 25, 614 22, 319 3, 295 13,236 12, 378 23, 425 2, 189

Idaho 27,789 26,059 1,730 16,939 10,850 21,317 6,472

Illinois 390, 831 357, 082 33, 749 232, 622 158, 209 252, 119 138, 712

Indiana 175, 904 174, 535 1, 369 106, 045 69, 859 121, 450 5a, 454

Iowa 103,516 98,949 4,567 62,296 41,220 61,894 41,622

Kansas 92,486 90,693 1,793 55,073 37,413 76,721 15,765

Kentucky 94, 020 92, 236 1, 784 54, 482 39, 538 70, 694 23, 326

Louisiana 115, 332 113, 897 1, 435 66,176 49,156 96, 064 19, 268

Maine 27, 336 26, 084 1, 252 15, 822 11, 514 18, 762 8, 574

Maryland 124, 993 117, 482 7, 511 76, 427 48, 566 92, 583 32, 410

Massachusetts 269, 785 257, 591 12, 194 162, 745 107,040 87, 375 182, 410

Michigan 342, 995 306, 440 36, 555 208, 394 134, 601 291, 471 51, 524

Minnesota 148,621 142,946 5,675 87,083 61,538 119,374 29,247

Mississippi 68, 667 64, 469 4, 198 39, 260 29, 407 60, 045 8, 622

Missouri 165,178 154, 775 10, 403 97, 258 67, 920 113, 704 51, 474

Montana 25, 560 24, 771 789 16, 047 9, 513 22, 741 2, 819

Nebraska 60,950 60,234 716 37,267 23,683 45,065 15,885

Nevada 10, 109 9,355 754 6, 179 3,930 10, 109

New Hampshire 27, 061 25, 840 1, 221 17, 577 9, 484 14, 373 12, 688

New Jersey 170, 072 157, 929 12, 143 100, 364 69, 708 105, 025 65, 047

New Mexico 38, 326 38,110 216 24,262 14, 064 34, 958 3, 368 New York 704, 009 697, 492 6, 517 412, 858 291,151 367, 873 336,136 North Carolina 148, 370 129, 874 18, 496 86,124 62, 246 99, 430 48, 940

North Dakota 27, 676 25, 476 2,200 17, 495 10,181 26, 576 1, 100

Ohio 336,921 322,089 14,832 204,469 132,452 239,273 97,648

Oklahoma 106,130 101,207 4,923 66,246 39,884 86,908 19,222

Oregon 96, 333 84, 359 11, 974 55, 706 40, 627 83, 277 13, 056 Pennsylvania 372,259 346, 657 25, 602 227,744 144, 515 203,134 169, 125

Rhode Island 44, 740 35, 803 8, 937 27, 692 17, 048 26, 017 18, 723

South Carolina 56,139 47,027 9,112 33,755 22,384 37,919 18,220 South Dakota 28,909 28,677 232 16,869 12,040 21,968 6,941

Tennessee 122,373 118,622 3,751 73,964 48,409 84,511 37,862

Texas 379,379 357,587 21,792 232,902 146,477 305,961 73,418

Utah 69,916 66,930 2,986 42,789 27, 127 43,544 26,372

Vermont 17,787 16, 993 794 10, 071 7, 716 8, 553 9, 234 Virginia 127, 526 114, 034 13, 492 70, 457 57, 069 99,299 28,227

Washington 153, 902 129, 232 24, 670 89, 890 64, 012 133, 781 20, 121 West Virginia 59,264 57, 401 1, 863 34, 804 24, 460 47, 006 12, 258

Wisconsin 172, 239 159, 668 12, 571 99, 390 72, 849 138, 781 33, 458

Wyoming 13, 816 13, 376 440 8, 698 5,118 13, 816

U.S. Service Schools 15,227 15,227 15,218 9 15, 227

Outlying was 51,545 54,171 3,517 21,114 30,311 31,120 11,725

Canal Zone 1,190 1,190 599 591 1,190

Guam 2, 012 1, 475 537 1, 174 838 2,012

Puerto Rico 54,138 51,836 2,302 25, 872 28, 266 34, 413 19, 725 Virgin Islands 1, 025 477 728 539 666 1, 205

NOTE: Total enrollment includes students whose programs of study are creditable toward a bachelor's or higher degree and also undergraduate students in

1-, 2-, or 3-year occupational programs which are not creditable toward a bachelor's

degree.

60

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1968."
Table 79.-Degree-credit enrollment in institutions of higher education, by level of student, control of

institution, and State: Fall 1968

State Total

Level of student Control of institution

Under- Postbacca- Public Private

graduate laureate

3 4 5 6

United States.. 11,921,115 5,190,731 1,037,377 4,691,743 2,031,372

Alabama 91,437 84,210

Alaska 7, 096 6, 807

Arizona 83, 095 69,837

Arkansas 49,830 46,834

California 899,755 777, 325

Colorado 96, 878 81, 746

Connecticut 98,710 77,777

Delaware 15,939 13,761

District of

Columbia 66,625 40,044

Florida 182, 350 163,776

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

106, 873

22,319

26, 059

357, 082

174, 535

93, 460

18, 455

24, 453

291, 423

143, 230

Iowa 98,949 86, 726

Kansas 90,693 80,78?

Kentucky 92,236 81,565

Louisiana 113, 897 98, 248

Maine 26, 084 24,30

Maryland 117, 482 98, 494

Massachusettn. , 257, 591 203, 883

Michigan 306, 440 254, 781

Minnesota 142,946 128,527

Mississippi 64, 469 59, 247

Missouri 154, 775 131, 074

Montana 24,771 22, 874

Nebraska 60,234 53, 340

Nevada 9, 355 8,107

New Hampshire._ 25,840 24,272

7, 227

289

13, 258

2,996

122, 430

15,13':

20, 9g3

2,1/8

26,581

1g, 574

13, 413

3,864

1,606

65, 659

31,305

12, 223

9,911

10,671

15, 649

1, 824

18, 988

51,708

51,659

14, 419

5, 222

23, 701

1, 897

6,894

1,248

1, 568

New Jersey 157,929 128,170 29,759

New Mexico 3P, 110 33, 065 5, 045

New York 697, 492 545, 011 152, 481

North Carolina 1%9, 874 114,612 15, 262

North Dakota 25, 476 23, 097 2, 379

Ohio 322, 089 282, 022

Oklahoma 101, 207 88, 851

Oregon . ... _ 84,359 70,841

Pennsylvania 346,657 289,432

Rhode Island 35, 803 30,151

South Carolina.,._. 47,027 42,920

South Dakota 28,677 25, 984

Tennessee 118,622 105,648

Texas 357,587 316,457

Utah 66, 930 59, 046

Vermont 16, 993 15, 881

Virginia 114,034 97,723

Washington 129,232 112,757

West Virginia 57,401 52,271

Wisconsin 159,668 140, 307

Wyoming 13, 376 11, 771

U,S. Service

Schools.... 15, 227 13, 403

40,067

12,356

13, 518

57, 225

5,652

4,107

2,693

12,974

41, 130

7, 884

1, 112

16,311

16, 475

5,130

19, 361

1,605

74,106

6,248

81, 531

38, 382

785, 087

82,188

50, 659

13, 837

5,378

139, 126

82, 842

20,130

19, 604

223,165

120, 099

57, 360

74, 971

68, 954

94, 639

17, 808

85, 371

78, 995

256,839

114, 245

55, 897

107,920

21, 952

44, 378

9, 355

13, 179

93, 421

34, 839

367, 576

82, 651

24, 422

227, 714

82, 043

71, 314

181, 439

17, 462

29, 457

21, 736

81,159

284,913

42,436

8, 022

86,772

109,111

45, 426

126, 982

13,376

17, 331

848

1, 564

II, 448

114,668

14, 690

48, 051

2, 102

61, 247

43, 224

24, 031

2, 189

6,455

133, 917

54, 436

41, 589

15, 722

23, 282

19, 258

8, 276

32,111

178, 596

49, 601

28, 701

8,572

46, 855

2,819

15, 856

12,661

64, 508

3,271

329,916

47,223

1, 054

94, 375

19, 164

13, 045

165, 218

18, 341

17, 570

6,941

37,463

72,674

24, 494

8,971

27; 262

20, .21

11, 975

32,686

1,824 15,227

Outlying areas.... 54,971 51,193 3,715 36,517 11,401

Canal Zone 1,190 1,190

Guam 1, 475 1, 236

Puerto Rico 51,836 48, 290 3,546

Virgin Islands 477 477

239 1,190

1,475

33,435

477

18,401

NOTE: Degree-credit enrollment includes full-time and part-time resident and

extension students taking work creditable toward a bachelor's or higher degree,

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1968."

Table 80.-Total and first-time degree-credit enrollment

in institutions of higher education, by State: Fall 1968

and fall 1969

State

Total enrollment First-time students

1968 1969 1 1968 1969 I 1 2 3 4 5 United Stites, 6,921,115 7,017,000 1,121,751 1,729,000

Alabama 91, 437 94, 000 23, 311 25, 000

Alaska 7,096 7,000 2,586 3,000

Arizona 83, 095 85, 000 22, 493 24, 000

Arka nsas.. _ - ......... _ 49, 830 51,000 14,007 15,000

California 899,755 921,000 198,266 211,000

Colorado 96, 878 99, 000 21, 780 23, 000

Connecticut 98,710 101,000 21,107 22,000

Delaware 15, 939 16, 000 4,644 5, 000

District of Columbia 66,625 68, 000 8,221 9, 000

Florida 182, 350 187, 000 47, 439 50, 000

Georgia 106, 873 109, 000 23, 928 25, 000

Hawaii 22, 319 23, 000 6, 573 7, 000

Idaho 26,059 27,000 8,304 9,000

Illinois 357, 082 365, 000 88, 864 94, 000

Indiana 174, 535 179, 000 40, 062 43, 000

Iowa 98,949 101,000 26,624 28,000

Kansas 90,693 93,000 24,711 26,000

Kentucky 92, 236 94,000 22,330 24, 000

Louisiana 113,897 117, 000 24, 395 26, 000

Maine 26, 084 27, 000 5, 881 6, 000

Maryland 117,482 120,000 23,566 25,000

Massachusetts 257, 591 263, 000 60, 039 64, 000

Michigan 306,440 313,000 67,935 72,000

Minnesota 142,946 146,000 33, 163 35,000

Mississippi 64, 469 66, 000 20, 023 21, 000

Missouri 154, 775 158, 000 37, 233 40, 000

Montana 24,771 25,000 6,576 7,000

Nebraska 60, 234 62, 000 14, 420 15, 000

Nevada 9,355 10,000 2,322 2,000

New Hampshire 25, 840 26, 000 6, 299 7, 000

New Jersey 157, 929 162, 000 33, 471 36,000

New Mexico 38,110 39, 000 8, 206 9, 000

New York 697,492 713,000 140,799 150,000

North Carolina 129,874 133, 000 34, 171 36,000

North Dakota 25, 476 26, 000 7, 006 7, 000

Ohio 322,089 329,000 83,074 88,000

Oklahoma 101,207 104,000 24,582 26,000

Oregon 84,359 86,000 21,306 23,000

Pennsylvania 346,657 355,000 75,687 80,000

Rhode Island 35, 803 37, 000 8, 815 9, 000

South Carolina 47,027 48,000 14,093 15,000

South Dakota 28,677 29,000 7,232 8,000

Tennessee 118,622 121,000 26,201 28,000

Texas 357,587 366,000 88,019 93,000

Utah 66,930 68,000 13,256 14,000

Vermont 16,993 17,000 5,175 5,000

Virginia 114,034 117,000 30,323 32,000

Washington 129,232 132,000 39,915 42,000

West Virginia 57,401 59,000 14,365 15,000

Wisconsin 159,668 163,000 38,574 41,000

Wyoming 13, 376 14, 000 4, 279 5, 000

U,S. Service Schools 15, 227 16, 000 4, 100 4, 000

Outlying MU._ 51,971 56,000 13,111 15,000

Canal Zone 1,190 1,000 359 (2)

Guam 1,475 2,000 431 1, 000

Puerto Rico 51,836 53,000 12,977 14,000

Virgin Islands 477 (2) 114 (2)

I Estimated.

2 Less than 500.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1968"; and Office of Education

estimates.

lj
Table 81.-Selected statistics for the 60 institutions of higher education enrolling

the largest number of students: United States, fall 1968

Institution Rank Control 2 Type 3 Total

order I enrollment

Students taking work creditable toward a

bachelor's or higher degree

All degreecredit

students

Undergraduate

students in

Undergraduate Post- occupational

students baccalaureate programs

students

1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9

University of California

University of Minnesota

University of Wisconsin

Indiana University

123

4

123, 275

66,824

62,370

52,101

123, 275

64, 051

62,333

52,101

93,191

54, 873

49,716

38, 431

30, 084

9, 178

12,617

13, 670

2,773

37

University of Illinois 5 51,333 51,161 37,920 13,241 172 Pennsylvania State University 6 47, 520 38, 955 34, 209 4,746 8, 565

University of Maryland 7 46,753 46,609 37,326 9,283 144

Ohio State University 8 45, 262 45, 262 35,649 9, 613

University of Missouri 9 45, 047 44, 482 34, 022 10, 460 565

Michigan State University 10 44,421 43,983 32,781 11,202 438

University of Michigan 11 38, 021 38, 021 22, 932 15, 089

University of Texas at Austin 12 36, 205 36,118 27,782 8, 336 87

Purdue University (Ind.) 13 36,102 36,102 28,783 7, 319

Chicago City College (III.) 14 35, 947 30, 208 30, 208 5, 739

Northeastern University (Mass.). 15 35, 619 35, 447 30,118 5, 329 172

Temple University (Pa.) 16 33, 803 31, 950 20, 725 11,225 1,853

New York University 17 33, 707 33, 562 12,496 21,066 145

Southern Illinois University 18 33, 386 31, 829 26, 456 5, 373 1, 557

Wayne State University (Mich.) 19 33, 177 33, 177 23, 491 9, 686

San Jose State College (Calif.) 20 32, 178 32, 178 22, 698 9, 480

Louisiana State University 21 32, 005 31, 902 26, 586 5, 316 103

University of Washington.,

University of Tennessee

22

23

31, 913

31, 016

31,913

30, 771

23, 704

25, 622

8,

5, 14099

245

University of Cincinnati (Ohio) 24 30, 652 30, 386 26, 093 4, 293 266

San Diego State College (Caiif.) 25 30, 368 30, 368 25,738 4, 630

University of Nebraska 26 29, 938 29, 938 24, 830 5,108

University of Pittsburgh (Pa.) 27 27,816 27, 542 19, 084 8, 458 274

University of Colorado 28 27, 684 27, 684 21, 184 6, 500

Kent State University (Ohio) 29 27,251 27, 095 24, 561 2, 534 156

California State College at Long Beach 30 27, 176 27,176 20,090 7, 086

Rutgers, The State University (N.J.) 31 26, 057 26, 057 20,779 5, 278

University of Kentucky 32 25, 950 24, 331 20, 936 3, 395 1, 619

San Francisco State College (Calif.) 33 25, 585 25, 585 19, 598 5, 987

Arizona State University 34 25, 473 25, 473 18, 208 7, 265

Los Angeles City College (Calif.) 35 25, 446 18, 395 18, 395 7,051

Columbia University (N.Y.) 36 24,921 24, 921 8, 935 15, 986

Boston University (Mass.) 37 24, 694 23,929 17,272 6, 657 765

Long Beach City College (Calif.) 38 24, 523 7, 507 7, 507 17, 01

City University of New York, Brooklyn College 39 24, 422 24, 125 18, 641 5, 484 297

Miami-Dade Junior College (Fla.) 40 24, 098 18, 093 18, 093 6, 005

University of Houston (Tex.) 41 23, 713 23, 713 19,258 4,455

Syracuse University (N.Y.) 42 23, 671 23,671 12, 685 10, 986

University of Arizona 43 23,617 23, 617 19, 050 4, 567

Brigham Young University (Utah) 44 23, 598 23, 598 21, 382 2, 216

University of Hawaii 45 23, 425 20, 130 16, 268 3, 862 3, 295

City University of New York, Queens College 46 23, 089 23,089 18, 764 4, 325

Northern Illinois University 47 22, 728 22,728 16, 602 6, 126

State University of New York at Buffalo 48 22,335 22, 335 15, 855 6, 480

Ohio University 49 22, 067 22, 067 20, 417 1,650

Oklahoma State University 50 21, 497 17, 381 14, 678 2, 703 4,11 6

University of Florida 51 21, 389 21, 389 18, 001 3, 388

California State College at Los Angeles 52 21, 350 21, 350 14, 800 6, 550

Long Island University (N.Y.) 53 21,298 21, 298 16, 260 5, 038

University of Georgia 54 21, 182 21, 182 15, 952 5, 230

University of Virginia 55 21, 078 21, 009 12,722 8, 287 69

San Diego Junior College (Calif.) 56 20, 925 9, 522 9, 522 11 ,403

University of Oklahoma 57 20, 755 20, 755 15, 755 5, 000

Cornell University (N.Y.) 58 20, 722 20, 722 14, 220 6, 502

Fresno State College (Calif.) 59 20,211 20,211 17,772 2,439

University of Alabama 60 20,120 20,120 16, 370 3,750

I Institutions ranked by size of total enrollment. 2 Publicly controlled institutions are identified by a "1"; privately controlled,

by a "2". 3 The types of institutions are identified as follows: "U", universities; "F" other 4-year institutions (including liberal arts colleges, teachers colleges, technological schools, theological or religious schools, schools of art, and other independently organized professional schools); and "T", 2-year institutions (offering

work extending at least 2 but less than 4 years beyond high school).

62

NOTE: Many of the institutions listed above have more than 1 campu

enrollment shown for these institutions is the combined figure for all cai

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Ed

"Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1968: Part B-Institutiona

s. The

puses.

ucation,

Data."
Table 82.-Total enrollment in institutions of higher education, by control of

institution and by State: Fall 1967

State Total

Public Private

State Local 2 Independent

of church

Denominational

Protestant

Roman

Catholic Other 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

United States 6,911,741 3,349,511 1,466,510 1,120,093 412,211 447,531 45,115

Alabama 88, 575 71, 348 4, 821 10, 222 2,184

Alaska 5,836 5, 180 656

Arizona 78, 549 55, 175 22, 191 506 677

Arkansas 48,505 35,334 1,887 3,994 7,290

California 974, 426 333, 223 529, 916 60, 589 22, 942 24, 389 3, 367

Colorado 93, 309 71,908 7,417 2,928 8,850 2,206

Connecticut 95,796 48,615 39,343 279 7,559

Delaware 15,173 12,781 1,466 926

District of Columbia 65, 104 2,371 32,310 14,147 16,276

Florida 179, 847 59, 170 79, 336 31, 323 6, 854 3,164

Georgia 98,476 69,591 4,640 7,296 16,949

Hawaii 27, 847 25, 584 177 848 1, 238

Idaho 26,372 13,240 7,271 2,345 19 3,497

Illinois 343, 292 120, 340 85, 265 78, 039 24, 630 34, 590 428

Indiana 163, 393 109,097 2,244 18,446 17,905 15,701

Iowa 99, 072 44, 208 14, 233 17, 333 14, 379 7,746 1,173

Kansas 89,069 58,168 15, 628 98 9, 674 5, 501

Kentucky 90,211 56,509 9,577 4,817 11,316 7,992

Louisiana 104,171 84,807 9,333 3,373 6,658

Maine_ 25, 519 17, 299 6, 754 617 849

Maryland 115, 510 61, 967 20, 580 22, 505 2, 479 7, 732 247

Massachusetts 252, 638 73, 325 2, 578 151, 086 2, 024 23, 505 120

Michigan 317, 466 187, 565 78, 660 19, 403 16,132 15, 706

Minnesota 138,239 109, 510 4, 833 14, 212 9, 684

Mississippi 64, 716 39, 817 16, 915 1, 344 6, 600 40

Missouri 153, 281 78, 395 23, 567 19, 609 13, 584 18,126

Montana 23, 175 19,762 901 533 1,979

Nebraska 54,955 29,997 11,756 2,146 5,936 5,120

Nevada 8,575 8, 575

New Hampshire 25, 793 13,810 9,039 2,944

New Jersey 152, 548 74, 188 16,233 38, 448 6,625 17, 054

New Mexico 33, 767 29,916 1,076 113 2,662

New York_ 677,251 104,268 222,693 272,203 8,700 68,756 631

North Carolina 134, 979 70,572 16,800 11,241 35,188 1,178

North Dakota 26, 501 23,990 1,600 607 304

Ohio 313, 956 145,294 72,935 32,781 31,071 30,417 1,458

Oklahoma 100, 352 81,490 1,462 8,216 8,620 564

Oregon 90,305 55, 521 21, 311 3, 833 6, 568 3, 072

Pennsylvania 347,894 126, 829 20, 795 120, 233 26, 790 53, 070 177 Rhode Island 36,909 19, 521 12, 359 5, 029

South Carolina 51,812 31, 819 583 6, 485 12, 925

South Dakota 27, 483 20, 765 1, 271 4, 671 776

Tennessee 112,583 75, 388 203 16, 264 19, 331 1, 397

Texas 348,481 202,536 75,620 13,435 46,926 9,964 .......________ Utah 75,773 40, 411 977 836 33, 549

Vermont 16, 407 7,912 6,575 1,920

Virginia 117, 531 89,147 299 8,399 18,914 772

Washington 144, 496 62,168 61,707 2,795 9,983 7,843

West Virginia 52, 688 41, 023 5,669 5,1 '17 819

Wisconsin 156, 553 109,828 12,303 8,725 4,281 21,416

Wyoming 12, 010 8,053 3,957

U.S. Service Schools 14, 579 14, 579

Outlying arcs 51,939 34,302 10,703 6,934

Canal Zone 1,284 1,284

Guam 1, 597 1,597

Puerto Rico 47, 725 30, 088 10, 703 6, 934

Virgin Islands 1,333 1, 333

Includes institutions under Federal control (U.S. Service Schools and Canal

Zone College).

2 Includes Institutions under the joint control of State and local governments.

3 Includes Jewish, Latter Day Saints, Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox, and

Unitarian.

NOTE: Includes students whose programs of study are creditable toward a

63

bachelor's or higher degree and also students in 1-, 2-, or 3-year undergraduate

programs which are not creditable toward a bachelor's degree but which are

designed to prepare for immediate employment or to provide general education.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1967"; "Education Directory,

1966-67: Part 3, Higher Education"; and unpublished data.
Table 83.-Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex and by type

and control of institution: United States and outlying areas, fall 1965 and fall 1960

Type and control of institution

1

Number of students, 1965 Number of students, 1960 Percentage change, 1960 to 1965

Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

TOTAL, PUBLIC AND PRIVATE

All institutions,......... .._... , ......... . .......... 5, 570, 271 3, 396, 514 2, 113, 691 3, 610, 001 2, 210, 640 1, 339, 361 +54.3 +49.6 +62.3

453, 617 283, 292 170, 325 ---- 2 -year institutions.. . 845, 244 523, 532 321, 712 +86.3 +84.8 +88.9 4-year institutions.... 4, 725, 027 2, 873, 042 1, 851, 985 3, 156, 390 1, 987, 348 1, 169, 042 +49.7 +44.6 +58.4

Universities.... ..... . , ...... _ .. _ . ..... . 2, 303, 777 1, 510, 551 793,226 1, 550, 902 1, 071,688 479,214 +48.5 +41.0 +65.5 Liberal arts colleges 1, 553, 783 845, 348 708, 435 1, 027, 567 560, 050 467, 517 +51.2 +50.9 +51.5 Independently organized professional schools:

Teachers colleges 571, 695 276,168 295, 527 359, 227 171, 021 188, 206 +59.1 +61.5 +57.0 Technological schools...._ ._ . 134, 455 121, 398 13, 057 106, 978 99, 479 7, 499 +25.7 +22.0 +74.1 Theological, religious_ , ... ... - . - . 49,604 37,297 12,307 41,817 32,723 9,094 +18.6 +14.0 +35.3 Schools of art.......... _ , . ..... . 21, 119 10,328 10,791 15,166 8,241 6,925 +39.3 +25.3 +55.8 Other professional 90,594 71,952 18,642 54,733 44, 146 10, 587 +65.5 +63.0 +76.1

PUBLIC

All institutions. 3, 654, 511 2, 205, 652 1, 441, 926 2,135, 690 1, 326, 545 109,145 +71.1 +66.3 +19.1

2-year institutions.... 739, 918 466, 019 273, 895 393, 553 253, 565 139, 988 +88.0 +83.8 +95.7 4-year institutions.... 2, 914, 660 1, 739, 633 1, 175, 027 1, 742,137 1, 072, 980 669,157 +67.3 +62. 1 +75.6

Universities It 633, 870 1, 050, 319 583, 551 991, 716 672, 271 319, 445 +64.8 +56.2 +82.7 Liberal arts colleges 642, 769 347, 730 295, 039 345, 926 182, 207 163, 719 +85.8 +90.8 +80.2

Independently organized professional schools:

Teachers colleges 555, 271 273, 336 281, 935 345, 906 167, 542 178, 364 +60.5 +63.1 +58.1 Technological schools 67, 085 58, 128 8, 957 46, 063 42, 950 3,113 +45.6 +35.3 +187.7

Theological, religious 0.0 0.0 0.0 Schools of art 790 315 475 257 130 127 +207.4 +142.3 +274.0

Other professional 14, 875 9, 805 5, 070 12, 269 7, 880 4, 389 +21.2 +24.4 +15.5

PRIVATE

All institutions 1, 915, 693 1,190, 922 124,771 1,474,311 944, 095 530, 222 +29.9 +26.1 +36.1

2-year institutions 105, 326 57, 513 47, 813 60, 064 29, 727 30, 337 +75.4 +93.5 +57.6 4-year institutions 1, 810, 367 1, 133, 409 676, 958 1, 414, 253 914, 368 499, 885 +28.0 +24.0 +35.4

Universities. 669,907 460,232 209,675 559,186 399,417 159,769 +19.8 +15.2 +31.2 Liberal arts colleges 911, 014 497, 618 413, 396 681, 641 377, 843 303, 798 +33.7 +31.7 +36. 1 Independently organized professional schools:

Teachers colleges 16, 424 2, 832 13, 592 13, 321 3, 479 9, 842 +23.3 -18.6 +38.1

Technological schools 67, 370 63, 270 4, 100 60, 915 56, 529 4,386 +10.6 +11.9 -6.5 Theological, religious 49, 604 37, 297 12, 307 41, 817 32, 723 9, 094 +18.6 +14.0 +35.3 Schools of art 20, 329 10, 013 10, 316 14, 909 8,111 6, 798 +36.4 +23.4 +51.8 Other professional 75, 719 62, 147 13, 572 42, 464 36, 266 6,198 +78.3 +71.4 +119. 0

NOTE: Includes resident and extension degree-credit students.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1965"; and unpublished data.

Table 84.-Enrollment in institutions of higher education compared with

population aged 18-24: United States, fall 1950 to fall 1969

Population

Year 18-24 years

of age I

Enrollment

Number enrolled per 100

persons 18-24

years of age

Year

Population

18-24 years

of age I

Enrollment

Number enrolled per 100

persons 18-24

years of age

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1950 16, 076, 000 2, 286, 500 14.2 1960 16, 122, 000 3, 582, 726 22.2

1951 15, 781, 000 2, 107, 109 13.4 1961 16,961,000 3,860,643 22.8

1952 15, 473, 000 2, 139, 156 13.8 1962 17,608,000 4,174, 936 23.7

1953 15, 256, 000 2, 235, 977 14.7 1963 18,188, 000 4, 494, 626 24.7

1954 15,103, 000 2, 452, 466 16.2 1964 18, 722, 000 4, 950,173 26.4

1955 14, 968, 000 2, 660, 429 17. 8 1965 20, 202, 000 5, 526, 325 27.4

1956 14, 980, 000 2, 927, 367 19.5 1966 21, 346, 000 2 5, 885, 000 27.6

1957 15, 095, 000 3,047, 373 20.2 1967 22, 269, 000 2 6, 348, 000 28.5

1958 15, 307, 000 3, 236, 414 21. 1 1968 22, 842, 000 6, 928,115 30.3

1959 15,677,000 3, 377, 273 21.5 1969 23,670,000 2 7, 087, 000 29.9

I These Bureau of the Census estimates are as of July 1 preceding the opening

of the academic year. They include Armed Forces overseas.

2 Estimated.

NOTE: Data are for 50 States and the District of Columbia. Beginning in

1953, enrollment figures include resident and extension degree-credit students; data for earlier years exclude extension students.

64

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, circulars on "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education"; U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Current Population Reports," Series

P-25, No. 416; and unpublished data.
Table 85.-Enrollment in institutions of higher eduction, by sex and by control

of institution: United States, fall 1946 to fall 1969

Year Total

Enrollment by sex

Men Women

1 2 3 4

1946 1 2, 078, 095 1 1,417, 595 1 660, 500

1947 2, 338, 226 1,659, 249 678,977

1948 2,403, 396 1,709,367 694,029

1949 2,444,900 1,721,572 723,328

1950 2,281,298 1,560,392 720,906

1951 2,101,962 1,390,740 711,222

1952 2,134,242 1,380,357 753,885

1953 2,231, 054 1,422, 598 808,456

1954 2,446, 693 1, 563, 382 883,311

1955 2,653, 034 1,733,184 919,850

1956 2,918,212 1,911,458 1,006,754

1957 3,036,938 1,985,088 1,051,850

Enrollment by control

of institution

Public Private

5 6

Year

1

Total

Enrollment by sex Enrollment by control

of institution

Men Women

2 3 4

() 1958

1, 152,377 1, 12(?5, 849 1959

It 185, 588 1,217,808 1960

1,207,151 1,237,749

1,139,699 1,141,599 1961

1962

1,037,938 1,064,024 1963

1,101,240 It 033, 002 1964

1,185,876 1,045,178 1965

1, 353, 531 It 093, 162

1,476,282 1,176,752 19661

1967 1 1,656,402 1,261,810 1968

1,752,669 1,284,269 19691

3, 226, 038 2, 092,218 1,133, 820

3,364,861 2,153,565 1,211,296

3,582,726 2,256,877 1,325,849

3,860,643 2,408,601 1,452,042

4,174,936 2,587,291 1,587,645

4, 494, 626 2, 772, 562 1,722, 064

4, 950, 173 3,032,992 1,917, 181

5, 526,325 3,374,603 2, 151,722

5, 885, 000 3, 554, 000 2, 331, 000

6, 348, 000 3, 800, 000 2, 548, 000

6,928,115 4,119,002 2,809, 113

7,087,000 4, 187, 000 2,900, 000

Public Private

5 6

1, 883, 960 1,342, 078

1,972,457 1,392,404

2,115,893 1,466,833

2, 328, 912 1,531,731

2,573,720 1,601,216

2, 848, 454 1,646, 172

3,179, 527 1,770,646

3,624,442 1,901,883

3, 897, 000 1, 988, 000

4, 305, 000 2,043, 000

4,891,743 2,036,372

5, 055, 000 2,032,000

I Estimated.

2 Data not available.

NOTE: Beginning in 1960, data are for 50 States and District of Columbia;

data for earlier years are for 48 States and District of Columbia. Beginning in

1953, enrollment figures include resident and extension degree-credit students;

data for earlier years exclude extension students.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

circulars on "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education."

Table 86.-Resident degree-credit enrollment in institutions of higher education

related to total population and to age groups 18-21 and 18-24: United States, 1869-70 to fall 1963

Year

Population I Resident degreecredit enrollment Ratios

Total 2 Ages 18-21 3 Ages 18-24 3 Total Undergrad

uate

Graduate

Total resident degree-credit students to 100 ofUndergraduate

resident

degroecredit

students to

100 of population 18-21

Total

populaHon

PopulaHon

18-21

Population

18-24

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Academic year:

1869-70 39, 818,449 3,116, 000 4, 574, 000 52, 286 0) (9 0.13 1.68 1.14 (4)

1879-80 50, 155,783 4,253,000 7,092,000 115,817 (4) (4) . 23 2.72 1.63 ( 9

1889-90 62, 947, 714 5,160, 000 8, 820, 000 156,7E6 154, 374 2, 382 .25 25 3.04 04 1.78 2.99

1899-1900 75,994,575 5,931,000 10,357,000 237,592 231,761 5,831 .31 4. 01 2.29 3.9

1909-10 90, 492, 000 6, 934, 000 12, 300, 000 355, 213 346, 060 9,153 .39 5.12 2.89 4.99

1919-20 104, 512, 000 7, 386, 000 12, 830, 000 597, 880 582, 268 15, 612 .57 8.09 4.66 7.88

1929-30 121, 770, 000 8, 862, 000 15, 280, 000 1, V 0,737 1, 053, 482 47, 255 .90 12.42 7.20 11.89

1939-40 131, 028, 000 9, 582, 000 16, 458, 000 1, 494, 203 1, 388, 455 105, 748 1. 14 15.59 9.08 14. 49

1941-42 133, 402, 000 9, 703, 000 16, 715, 000 1,403, 990 5 1, 318, 547 5 85, 443 1.05 14.47 8.40 13.59

1943-44 136, 739, 000 9, 706,000 16, 914, 000 1,155, 272 5 1,196, 041 5 59, 231 .84 11.90 6.83 11.29

1945-46 139, 928,000 9, 557, 000 16,790, 000 1, 676, 851 1, 555, 509 121, 252 1.20 17. 55 9.99 16.28

1947-48 144,126, 000 9, 276, 000 16, 419, 000 2, 616, 262 2, 441, 830 174, 432 1.82 28.20 15.93 26.32

1949-50 149, 188, 000 8, 990, 000 16, 120, 000 2, 659, 021 2, 421, 813 237, 208 1.78 29. 58 16. 50 26.94

1951-52 154, 283, 000 8, 742, 000 15, 709, 000 2, 301, 884 2, 068, 557 233, 327 1.49 26.33 14.65 23.66

1953-54 159, 559, 000 8, 441, 000 15, 221, 000 2, 514, 712 2, 237, 713 276, 999 1.58 29.79 16.52 26.51

1st term of academic year:

November 1953 159, 559, 000 8, 441, 000 15, 221, 000 2,199, 972 1, 976, 863 223,109 1.38 26.06 14.45 23.42

November 1955 165, 276, 000 8, 508, 000 14, 966, 000 2, 597, 670 2, 347, 656 250, 014 1. 57 30.53 17.36 27. 59

1st term, 1957-58 171, 278, 000 8, 844, 000 15, 118, 000 2, 899, 565 2, 621, 919 277, 646 1.69 32.79 19. 18 29.65

1st term, 1959-60 177, 865, 000 9, 225, 000 15, 693, 000 3, 215, 544 2, 873, 724 341, 820 1.81 34.86 20.49 31.15

1st term, 1961-62 183, 742, 000 10, 246, 000 16, 954, 000 3, 726,114 3, 328, 288 397, 826 2.03 36.37 21.98 32.48

Fall 1963 189, 278, 000 11, 129, 000 18,152, 000 4, 234, 092 3, 755, 515 478, 577 2.24 38.05 23.33 33.75

1 Armed Forces overseas are excluded from 1869-70 to 1929-30; they are included

in 1939-40 and subsequent years.

2 Data are actual census counts as of June 1 from 1870 to 1900; for later years

they are estimates by the Bureau of the Census as of July 1 preceding the fall term

of each school year.

3 Data from 1869-70 to 1939-40 are estimates by the Office of Education from

figures for broad age groups supplied by the Bureau of the Census; data for later

65

years are estimates by the Bureau of the Census.

Data not available.

5 Distribution by level estimated.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Biennial Survey of Education in the United States"; and comprehensive surveys

of enrollment in institutions of higher education.
Table 87.- Residence and migration of college students taking work creditable

toward a bachelor's or higher degree: United States and outlying areas, fall 1963

State

All students

enrolled I

All student

residents'

Students

3 Migration of studentsremaining

Out of Into Net (col. 6-col. 5)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 United States and outlying areas 4, 265, 164 4,192, 419 3, 415,149 777, 340 050,115 4 +73, 375

50 Staterand District of Columbia 4, 233, 501 4,159, 075 3, 313,177 775,191 149, 624 4 +74, 426

Alabama_ _.. ......... 45, 261 45, 983 36, 702 9, 281 8, 559 -722

Alaska I, 663 3, 077 1, 419 1, 658 244 -1, 414

Arizona 45, 532 41, 569 36, 647 4, 922 8, 885 +3, 963

Arkansas 31, 311 32, 498 26, 866 5, 632 4, 445 -1,187

California_ _ _ 569, 538 557, 507 524, 485 33, 022 45, 053 +12, 031

Colorado ..... . . 49, 194 40, 614 32,636 7,978 16, 558 +8, 580 Connecticut.. 60,251 73, 269 45,187 28, 082 15, 064 -13, 018

Delaware 7, 198 8, 738 4, 371 4, 367 2, 827 -1, 540

District of Columbia_ _ . . _ ....... .. ....... 48, 785 18, 024 11, 622 6, 402 37,163 +30, 761

Florida.. 100,646 109, 258 87, 211 22, 047 13, 435 -8, 612

Georgia_ .._ 55, 744 54, 744 42, 803 11,941 12,941 +1, 000 Hawaii__........ 14,426 17, 476 11, 435 6, 041 2, 991 -3, 050 Idaho_ . 14,736 17, 478 11, 736 5, 742 3, 000 -2, 742

Illinois... 234,387 255, 183 198,158 57, 025 36, 229 -20, 796

Indiana_ 116,971 96, 610 80, 506 16,104 36, 465 +20, 361

Iowa 66, 343 59, 735 44, 311 15, 424 22, 032 +6,608

Kansas 62,329 59, 290 48, 813 10, 477 13, 516 +3,039 Kentucky 55,873 51,173 41, 737 9, 436 14,136 +4, 700

Louisiana 69, 090 66,156 59,990 6,166 9,100 +2,934

Maine 13,088 12, 711 8, 237 4, 474 4, 851 +377

Maryland 63, 589 73, 206 50, 324 22, 882 13, 265 -9, 617

Massachusetts.. 154,854 129,192 101, 394 27, 798 53, 460 +25,662

Michigan_ 184,422 176, 190 157, 526 18, 664 26, 896 +8, 232

Minnesota 79, 374 76, 863 64, 271 12, 592 15,103 +2, 511 Mississippi_ 40, 940 39, 476 34, 415 5, 061 6, 525 +1, 464

Missouri_ 91, 709 81, 344 64, 252 17, 092 27, 457 +10,365 Montana_ 15, 623 17, 069 13,160 3, 909 2, 463 -1, 446 Nebraska 38, 063 34, 251 28, 099 6,152 9, 964 +3, 812 Nevada 5, 599 7,158 4,935 2, 223 664 -1, 559 New Hampshire 13, 384 10, 249 5, 788 4, 461 7, 596 +3, 135

New Jersey 108, 453 164, 960 93, 789 71,171 14, 664 -56, 507 New Mexico 20,852 20, 239 15, 540 4, 699 5, 312 +613

New York 407, 108 443, 340 351,155 92,185 55,953 -36, 232 North Carolina 83, 202 68, 615 59,486 9,129 23, 716 +14, 587 North Dakota. 15,280 16, 292 12, 651 3,641 2, 629 -1, 012

Ohio 207, 616 199, 397 165, 569 33,828 42,047 +8, 219

Oklahoma 65, 407 61, 739 54, 710 7, 029 10, 697 +3, 668

Oregon 45, 466 42, 219 34, 569 7, 650 10, 897 +3, 247

Pennsylvania 224, 493 223, 391 172, 527 50, 864 51, 966 +1, 102

Rhode Island 17, 800 15, 373 10,170 5, 203 7,630 +2, 427

South Carolina 33, 811 31, 617 23, 868 7, 749 9,943 +2, 194 South Dakota 16, 122 15, 813 12,154 3, 659 3,968 +309

Tennessee 73,708 62, 773 51, 580 11,193 22,128 +10,935

Texas 228, 090 222, 549 205, 794 16, 755 22, 296 +5, 541

Utah 40,700 28,666 26, 348 2, 318 14, 352 +12, 034

Vermont 11, 104 6, 245 3, 755 2, 490 7, 349 +4, 859 Virginia 62, 321 72, 521 46, 082 26, 439 16, 239 -10, 200 Washington 75,618 73, 710 63, 676 10, 034 11, 942 +1, 908 West Virginia 33, 996 30, 999 25, 679 5, 320 8, 317 +2, 997

Wisconsin 90, 816 84, 535 70, 394 14, 141 20, 422 +6, 281 Wyoming.. 7,164 7, 991 5, 345 2, 646 1, 819 -827

U.S. Service Schools 3 14, 451 14,451 +14, 451

Outlying areas of the United States 32, 363 33, 414 31, 272 2,142 1, 091 --I, 051

I "Students enrolled" are students enrolled in the State (those remaining plus

the inmigrants).

2 "Student residents" are those with residence in the State, and studying either

in or out of the State.

3 "Students remaining" are students studying in their home State.

The inmigration exceeds the outmigration by the number of students from

foreign countries enrolled.

66

ErirAments in service schools are not included in the State totals in col. 2:

they are, however, included in the totals for the 50 States and District of Columbia

and the aggregate total. Students enrolled at the service schools are included in

col. 3 according to their State of residence.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Residence and Migration of College Students, Fall 1963."
Table 88.-Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex, type of enroll- ment, and control of institution: United States and outlying areas, fall 1963

Type of enrollment and control of institution

Number of students

Type of enrollment and control of institution

Number of students

Total Men Women Total Men Women

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

All institutions: Part-time 560, 055 330, 421 229, 634

All resident and extension students 4, 814, 933 2, 979, 206 1, 835, 727 First-professional students 1 56, 776 49, 297 7, 479

Graduate students 278, 804 190, 032 88, 772

Students taking work chiefly creditable toward Extension students 232,137 129, 240 102, 897

a bachelor's or higher degree 4, 543,117 2, 796, 389 1, 746, 728 Students in occupational or general studies

Resident students 4, 266, 455 2, 639, 290 It 627,165 programs not chiefly creditable toward a

Undergraduate and first-professional bachelor's degree 217, 755 148, 533 69, 222

students 3,787, 683 2, 304,780 1, 482, 903 Resident students 164,496 109,233 55,263

Undergraduate students 3, 636, 441 2,172, 561 1, 463, 880 Extension students 53, 259 39, 300 13, 959

Full-time 2, 765, 683 1, 649, 567 1, 116, 116

Part-time 870, 758 522, 994 347, 764 Privately controlled institutions:

First-professional students I 151, 242 132, 219 19, 023 All resident and extension students 1,708,965 1,073,348 635,617

Graduate students 478, 772 334, 510 144,262

Extension students 276, 662 157, 099 119, 563 Students taking work chiefly creditable toward

Students in occupational or general studies a bachelor's or higher degree 1,654,904 1,039,064 615,840

programs not chiefly creditable toward a Resident students 1,610,379 1,011,205 599,174

bachelor's degree 271,816 182,817 88, 999 Undergraduate and first-professional

Resident students 209, 886 139, 118 70, 76 students 1, 410,411 866,727 543,684

Extension students 61, 930 43, 699 18, 231 Undergraduate students 1, 315, 945 783, 805 532, 140

Full-time It 005, 242 591,232 414, 010

Publicly controlled institutions: Part-time 310, 703 192, 573 118,130

All resident and extension students 3,105, 968 1, 905, 858 It 200,110 First-Professional students 1 94,466 82, 922 11, 544

Students taking work chiefly creditable toward

Graduate students

Lixtension students

199, 968

44, 525

144,478

27, 859

55,490

16,666

a bachelor's or higher degree 2, 888, 213 It 757, 325 1, 130, 888 Students in occupational or general studies

Resident students 2, 656, 076 1, 628, 085 1, 027, 991 programs not chiefly creditable toward a

Undergraduate and first-professional bachelor's degree 54,061 34, 284 19,777

students 2, 377, 272 It 438, 053 939, 219 Resident students 45, 390 29, 885 15, 505

Undergraduate students 2, 320, 496 1, 388, 756 931, 740 Extension students 8, 671 4, 399 4, 272

Full-time 1, 760, 441 1, 058, 335 702, 106

I Includes only first-professional students with preprofessional training.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Resident and Extension Enrollment in Institutions of, Higher Education, Fall

1963 "; and "Opening Fall Enrollment in Institutions of Higher Education, 1963."

Table 89.-First-time enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex and

by control of institution: United States, fall 1946 to fall 1969

Year Total

Enrollment by sex Enrollment by control

of institution Year Total

Enrollment by sex Enrollment by control

of institution

Men Women Public Private Men Women Public Private

1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6

1946

1947

1948

1949

1950_

1951_

1952

1953

1954

1955

1956

1957

1696,419

592, 846

567,191

554,608

512,427

467, 999

532, 310

565,969

624,910

668,064

714,966

721, 547

1 499, 532

399, 972

368,940

355,319

317,163

278, 092

321, 310

341,761

382,852

414,571

441,525

440, 613

1 196,887

192, 874

198,251

199,289

195,264

189, 907

211, 000

224,208

242,058

253,493

273,441

280, 934

(2)

298, 508

295,135

298,515

281,911

259, 560

304, 518

331,656

371,706

398,423

427,611

431, 858

S214, 338

272,056

256,093

230,516

208, 439

227, 792

234,313

253,204

269,641

287,355

289, 689

1958

1959

1960

1961_

1962

1963

1964

1965_

19661

1967'

1968

19691

772,292

818,280

923,069

1, 018, 361

1, 030, 554

It 046,417

1,224, 840

1,441,822

1, 378, 000

1,439, 000

1,629, 751

1, 729, 000

463,865

486,057

539, 512

591,913

598,099

604, 282

701,524

829, 215

787, 000

814,000

924, 580

976, 000

308,427

332,223

383, 557

426,448

432,455

442,135

523,316

612,607

591, 000

625,000

705,171

753, 000

471,712

498,652

577, 744

648,236

669,728

686, 861

814,664

990,021

947, 000

1, 024, 000

1, 200, 784

1, 289, 000

300,580

319,628

345, 325

370,125

360,826

359, 556

410,176

451,801

431, 000

415,000

428, 967

440, 000

I Estimated. 2 Data not available.

NOTE: Beginning in 1960, data are for 50 States and District of Columbia;

data for earlier years are for 48 States and District of Columbia. Beginning in

366-064 0-70-6

67

1953, enrollment figures include resident and extension degree-credit students;

data for earlier years exclude extension students.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

circulars on "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education."
Table 90.-Junior-year students majoring in science, mathematics, and foreign

languages in institutions of higher education, by sex, field of study, and control of institution: United States and outlying areas, fall 1962

Field of study

Total

enrollment

Enrollment

by sex

Enrollment by

control of

institution Field of study

Total

enrollment

Enrollment

by sex

Enrollment by

control of

institution

Men Women Public Private Men Women Public Private

1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6

All fields 523, 694 317, 045 206, 649 309,173 214, 521 Physical sciences 21, 621 18, 625 2, 996 10, 878 10,743

Science and mathematics 76, 350 58, 087 18, 263 42, 018 34, 332 Physical sciences,

general 1,047 922 125 657 390 Biological sciences 30, 977 23, 074 7, 903 16, 627 14,350 Chemistry 12, 006 9, 640 2, 366 5, 627 6, 379

Physics 6, 674 6, 340 334 3, 305 3, 369 Premedical, predental,

and preveteri nary Geology

Physical sciences, all

1, 320 1, 206 114 850 470

sciences 9, 606 8, 742 864 5, 591 4, 015 other 574 517 57 439 135 Biology, general 15, 461 10, 222 5, 239 6, 630 8, 831

3, 046 2, 150 896 2, 320 726 Botany, general 552 368 184 372 180 Sciences, general program__ Zoology, general 3, 514 2, 561 9E3 2, 609 905

12, 598 3, 761 8, 837 5, 861 6, 737 Bacteriology, virology,

mycology, and

parasitology 797 372 425 699 98

Foreign languages and literature.

French 4,874 946 3,928 2, 128 2,746 Biological sciences, all German 1,428 642 786 672 756 other 1,047 809 238 726 321 Russian 468 212 256 238 230

Spanish 3,841 1,015 2,826 2,099 1,742 Mathematical subjects 20, 706 14, 238 6, 468 12, 193 8, 513 Foreign languages and

literature, all other 1, 987 946 1, 041 724 1, 263 Mathematics 20, 430 14, 000 6, 430 11, 980 8, 450 Statistics 276 238 38 213 63 Teaching of English as a foreign

language 23 5 18 23

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educat on, "Junior-Year Science, Mathematics, and Foreign Language Students, First-Term 1962-63."

Table 91. Enrollment for master's and doctor's degrees in institutions of higher education, by field of study: United States and outlying areas, fall 1960 and fall 1967

Field of study

1

Percentage Fall 1960 Fall 1967 increase,

1960 to 1967

2 3 4 All fields.

Agriculture

Architecture _

Biological sciences

Business and commerce

Education

Engineering

English and journalism

Fine and applied arts

Foreign languages and literature

Forestry

314,349 849,697 106.7

3,852 6,103 58.4

585 1, 302 122.6

14,775 31, 864 115.7

25, 342 60, 559 139. 0

94, 993 189, 809 99.8

36, 636 62, 633 71.0

13, 463 31, 345 132.8

9, 255 22, 545 143.6

6,310 18,748 197.1

560 1, 203 114.8

Field of study

1

Percentage Fall 1960 Fall 1967 increase,

1960 to 1967

2 3 4

Geography 1, 041 2, 643 153.9 Health professions 5, 842 10, 139 73.6 Home economics. 1, 580 3,197 102.3

Law 1, 651 2.575 56.0 Library science 1, 360 10, 294 656.9 Mathematical subjects 11, 770 22,343 89.8

Philosophy 2, 258 5, 005 121. 7 Physical sciences 25, 707 40, 447 57.3

Psychology 10, 677 19, 064 78.6 Religion 5, 314 9,951 87.3 Social sciences 37, 317 79, 248 112. 4 Broad general curriculums and miscellaneous fields 4, 061 18,680 360. 0

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, circulars on "Students Enrolled for Advanced Degrees."

68
First-year;

WOMEN

Enrollment all levels; 205,325

Full-time

23.8%

Part -time

53,1%

Part-time

0.9%

Terminal-year:

Full-time

1.1%

Intermediate:

MEN

Enrollment all levels: 444,372

First-year:

Part-time 2.0%

Terminal-year:

Full-time 3.5%

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Office of Education, Students Enrolled for Advanced Degrees, Fa li 1967. Intermediate:

In the fall of 1967, according to a survey made

by the U.S. Office of Education, 649,697 students

were enrolled in study programs leading to a master's or higher degree in colleges and universities

in the United States and Puerto Rico. Of this number 65.9 percent, or 428,026, were first-year graduate students; 29.7 percent, or 193,143, were

intermediate students; and 4.4 percent, or 28,528,

were expected to have completed all requirements

for the doctorate by June 1968.

The 1967 enrollment for graduate degrees rep- resented an increase of 114,365, or 21.4 percent,

over the 535,332 enrolled in the fall of 1965. At

each of the three levels of studyfirst-year, intermediate, and terminal-yearthe percent of in- crease was greater for full-time students than

for part-time students.

The 1967 survey reported enrollment in 26 subject areas. In the first and intermediate years more

students were enrolled in education than in any

other subject area. In the terminal year, however,

the physical sciences headed the list, closely followed by engineering.

The survey also, revealed that 68.4 percent of

the Nation's students seeking graduate degrees

were men. The accompanying charts show the

percentage distribution of the 444,372 men and

205,325 women by level of study and by full- and

part-time attendance status.

The data reported above do not include students

enrolled for first professional degrees, such as

doctor of medicine and doctor of dental science.

Also not included are students enrolled in graduate

level curriculums which lead to increased professional competence but which do not terminate in

an advanced degree. NEVA A. CARLSON, specialist in educational statistics.

Figure 8.Students enrolled for master's and higher degrees, fall 1967

69
Table 92.Selected characteristics of graduate students: United States, spring

1965

Profile variables All

students

Profile variables

Sex Age Race I Citizenship

Men Women 23 and

under

24-28 29 and

Over

White Negro Other United

States

Other

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a 9 10 11 12

Number of students 477,535 335,227 142,308 68,663 191,688 217,183 425,323 12,141 4,022 441,487 36,048

Percent

Teal 100 100 108 100 100 100 108 101 118 111$ 118

Sex:

Men 70 64 75 68 70 52 73 69 83 Women 30 36 25 32 30 48 27 31 17 Age;

13 and under 14 13 18 15 9 11 15 a 24 to 28 40 43 34 40 33 47 40 46 29 and over 45 44 49 45 58 42 45 46 Race:

White 96 97 95 97 97 96 96 ..... Negro 3 2 4 2 2 3 3 Other (chiefly Oriental) 1 1 1 1 1 1 ..... 1 Citizenship:

United States 92 91 96 96 91 92 100 100 100 Other 8 9 4 4 9 8 Marital status:

Single, no dependents 35 32 42 68 43 18 34 37 43 34 53 Single, with dependents 4 2 7 2 3 5 4 a 5 4 5 Married, no dependents 20 18 26 22 26 14 21 16 27 21 15 Married, with dependents 41 47 25 7 28 63 42 40 25 42 27 Enrollment status:

Full-time 44 49 33 68 49 32 41 43 49 41 75 Part-time 56 51 67 32 51 68 59 57 51 59 25 Control of institution:

Public 62 61 65 59 64 61 62 41 70 62 66 Private 38 39 35 41 36 39 38 59 30 38 34 Type of institution:

Universities 74 78 64 78 76 71 72 73 80 73 94 All other 26 22 3,. 22 24 29 28 27 20 27 6 Size of graduate enrollment:

2,000 or more 47 49 44 52 50 43 47 35 61 46 57 Less than 2,090 53 51 56 48 50 57 53 65 39 54 43

Includes U.S. citizens only.

NOTE; Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"The Academic and Financial Status of'Graduate Students, Spring 1965."

Table 93.Socioeconomic background of graduate students, by sex: United States, spring 1965

Background characteristic All

students

Sex

Background characteristic All

students

Sex

Men Women Men Women

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Number of students 477, 535 335, 227 142, 308 Number of students 477,535 335,227 142,308

Percent Percent

Total 100 100 100 Total 100 100 100 Father's income (per annum): Father's education: Less than $5,000._ 29 30 28 Did not complete grade school 13 13 11 $5,000 to $7,499 27 28 24 Completed grade school but not high school_ 28 28 26 $7,500 to $9,999 16 16 14 Completed high school but no college 23 24 23 $10,000 to $14,999 12 12 12 One but less than 4 years of college 12 12 13 $15,000 to $19,999 4 3 5 Completed college 12 12 13 $20,000 and over 4 4 6 Obtained master's degree 4 4 4 Do not khow 8 6 12 Obtained Ph. D. or other 8 7 10 Father's occupation: Mother's education: Laborer 5 6 5 Did not complete grade school 9 9 8 Service worker 4 4 3 Completed grade school but not high school_ 27 27 25 Semiskilled operative 7 8 6 Completed high school but no college 34 35 32 Skilled craftsman 18 19 16 One but less than 4 years of college 16 15 18 Farm operator_ 8 7 8 Completed college 11 10 12 Proprietor or manager 18 17 19 Obtained master's degree 3 2 3 Semiprofessional 15 15 16 Obtained Ph.D. or other 1 1 1 Professional (except educator) 15 21 Teacher or other educator 5 5 5 Note: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"The Academic and Financial Status of Graduate Students, Spring 1965."

70
Table 94.-Stipend status of graduate students: United States, spring 1965

Profile variables

Total

Stipend status

Held Did not

stipends hold

stipends

Number Percent Percent Percent

1 2 3 4 5 All stadeits. 477,535 100 43 57 Sex;

Men 335,227 100 49 51 Women 142, 308 100 37 63

Age;

23 and under_. 68, 663 100 54 46

24 to 28 191,688 100 51 49

29 and over 217,183 100 34 66

Race 1:

White 425, 323 100 41 59

Negro 12,141 100 44 56

Other (chiefly Oriental) 4, 022 100 42 58

Citizenship;

United States 441, 487 100 41 59

Other 36,048 100 70 30

Marital statul;

Single, no dependents 168, 225 100 53 47

Profile variables

1

Total

Stipend status

Held Did not

stipends hold

stipends

Number Percent Percent Percent 2 11.,..11.

3 4

All streets 411,533 100 43 51

Single, with dependents..... - 18,132 100 38 62

Married, no dependents.........,.. 96,199 100 45 55

Married, with dependents 194,977 100 35 65

Enrollment status:

Full-time 210,130 100 66 44

Part-time 267,404 100 26 74

Control of institution:

Public 296, 032 100 43 57

Private 181,503 100 44 56

Type of institution:

Universities 354, 078 100 52 48

All other 123,457 100 18 82

Size of graduate enrollment:

2,000 or more 225, 524 100 52 48

Less than 2,000 252, 010 100 36 64

l includes U,S, citizens only.

NOTE; Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals,

F.GURCE: U,S, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Vhe Academic and Financial Status of Graduate Students, Spring 1965,"

Table 95.-Number of 2-year institutions of higher education and enrollment, by control of institution and by sex: United States, fall 1947 to fall 1968

Year

Number of institutions

Total Public

1 2 3

1947 480

1948 492

1P :3 3 518

1950 528

1951 511 1952 525

1953 518

1954 474

1955 467

1956 482

1957 490

1958 45

1959 5908 1960 521 1961 524

1962 561 1963 573

1964 617

1965 633

1966 1 700

1967 l 735

1968 802

Private

Enrollment by control of

Total institution

enrollment

Public

4 5

Enrollment by sex

Private Men Women

6 7 8 9 250

25

257

275

299

294

299

293

277

275

278

290

283

310

315

329

349

357

389

399

450

495

548

230 222,045

235 210,977

243 229,001

229 217, 403

217 199,997

226 238,222

225 258, 241

197 282,433

192 308, 411

204 347,345

207 368,998

205 385, 436

198 409,195

206 451, 333

195 517,925

212 589,529

216 624, 789

228 710,868

234 841, 437

250 945, 000

240 1, 075, 000

254 1, 289, 993

163,005

153, 970

170, 689

167, 874

156,239

191, 602

210,006

241,145

265, 326

297, 621

315,990

330,881

355,967

392, 310

456, 381

519,257

551, 308

620, 859

737, 890

840, 000

966, 000

1, 169, 635

59, 040

57, 007

58, 312

49, 529

43,758

46, 620

48, 235

41, 288

43,085

49, 724

53,008

54, 555

53,228

59, 023

61, 544

70,272

73, 481

90, 009

103, 547

105, 000

109, 000

12G, 358

152, 003

139,630

151,191

139, 868

120, 801

142, 459

155, 806

171,752

196, 671

225, 635

237,617

247,942

259, 504

282,155

320,156

365,624

386,660

439,509

521, 846

577,000

653, 000

782, 602

70, 042

71, 347

77, 810

77, 535

79, 196

95,763

102, 435

110,681

111,740

121, 710

131, 381

137, 494

149, 691

169,178

197, 769

223, 905

238,129

271, 359

319, 591

368,000

422, 000

507, 391

l Estimated. The total number of 2-year institutions, including those offering

nondegree-credit programs exclusively, was 752 in 1966 and 786 in 1967.

NOTE: Beginning in 1960, data are for 50 States and District of Columbia; data

for earlier years are for 48 States and District of Columbia. Beginning in 1953

71

enrollment figures include resident and extension degree-credit students; data

for earlier years exclude extension students.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

circulars on "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education."
7.P.r,r.71

Table 96.-Engineering enrollment in institutions of higher education, by level: United States and outlying areas, fall 1949 to fall 1965

Fall

Total

engineering

enrollment

ffk"..7,/efrOLwwfm.p.t.,1** 1 2 1949 219,712

1950 180, 262

1951 165,637

1952 176,549

1953 193,333

1954 214,414

1955 243, 390

1956 277,052

1957 297,077

Level of enrollment, forFall

First

engineering

degree

Master's Doctor's

degree 1 degree

-V

3 4 5 1 201,927 15,242 2,543 1958

161, 592 15, 869 2, 801

145,997 16,765 2,875 1959

156,080 17,539 2,930 1960

171,725 18,607 3,001 1961 1962

193,692 17,441 3,281 1963

221, 448 18,779 3,163

251, 121 22, 529 3,402 1964

268,761 24,136 4,180 1965

Total

engineering

enrollment

2289, 680

278,348

271, 850

272,777

275, 329

281, 452

299,388

311,567

Level of enrollment, forFirst

engineering

degree

3

Master's

degree I

4

Doctor's

degree

256,779 28, 138 4,763

212,992 29,713 5, 643

234, 190 31, 215 6, 445

232,104 32,804 7, 869

230, 730 35, 359 9,240

232,001 38, 457 10, 994

244,607 42,159 12,622

253,412 44,208 13,947

71,*mamS. I Also includes enrollment for other postgraduate predoctoral degrees,

SOURCE; U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Engineering Degrees (1964-65) and Enrollments (Fall 1965)."

Table 97.-Number of graduates, 1963-64, and enrollment, fall 1964, in

organized occupational curriculums in institutions of higher education, by

curriculum: United States and outlying areas

Organized occupational curriculum

1

Number of Enrollment

graduates 1964

1963-64

2 3 All curriculums I 51, 101 Science and engineering-, . ,.. -... 26, 767

Agriculture 1, 328

Aeronautical technology 755

Architectural tech noloicy 354

Building and construction 773

Chemical technology 406

Civil technology 1,083

Electrical technology 1,715

Electronics technology 5, 161

Instrumentation technology 95

General engineering technology 416

Industrial technology 770

Mechanical 3, 511 Metallurgical technology 117 Naval and marine technology 64

Nuclear reactor and atomic materials technology_._ 24

Petroleum technology 22

311, 412

132, 601

6, 000

3, 352

3,542

5, 136

2, 221

4, 296

8, 377

27, 111

677

6,658

4, 548

17, 624

928

640

155

39

Organized occupational curriculum

1

Number of Enrollment

graduates 1964

1963-64

2 3 Environmental health and sanitary technology

Miscellaneous engineering

Forestry

Health service

Scientific data processing

Miscellaneous science

All other curriculums

Business and commerce

Education

Journalism

Applied, fine, and graphic arts

Home economics

Business data processing

Library technician or aide..

Bible study or religious work

Fire protection

Police technology

Miscellaneous

16 190

428 4, 529

357 1,168

9,207 25,763

29 812

136 8,835

29,334 115,111

18, 568 116, 643

5,242 17,798

83 870

2,253 12,995

611 3, 270

879 7, 302

20 280

796 4, 864

29 1,538

466 6, 370

387 13, 881

I Excludes curriculums below the technician or semiprofessional level,

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, unpublished data from the survey of "Organized Occupational Curriculums."

72
Table 98.-Formal awards based on organized occupational curriculums, by

length and type of curriculum and sex of recipient: United States and

outlying areas, 1967-68

Curriculum

All awards Awards based on organized occupational curriculums ofAt least 2 years

but loss than 4 years At least 1 year

but less than 2 years

Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10

All curriculums 18,u12 46,531 41,544 12,167 41,411 31,316 15,215 5,057 10,151

Science- and engineering-related curriculums 42,661 26,145 16, 516 33,342 22, 325 11,017 9,319 3,820 5,499

Engineering-related curriculums 22,686 22, 379 307 19, 368 19, 083 285 3, 318 3, 296 22

Aeronautical technology 1,40 1,384 16 829 814 15 571 570 1 Architectural or building technology 1,872 1,835 37 1,731 1,700 31 141 135 6 Chemical technology 426 357 69 418 349 69 8 8 Civil technology 1,103 1,100 3 1, 071 1, 068 3 32 32 Electrical or electronics technology 7,772 7,743 29 6,633 6,604 29 1,139 1,139 Industrial technology 1,121 1,094 27 996 970 26 125 124 1

Instrumentation technology 120 120 110 110 10 10 Mechanical technology 3,745 3,734 11 3, 309 3, 298 11 436 436 Metallurgical technology 229 223 6 200 194 6 29 29 Nuclear technology 14 14 14 14 All other engineering-related curriculums 4,884 4,775 109 4,057 3,962 95 827 813 14

Science-related curriculums 2,569 2,407 162 2,345 2,197 148 224 210 14 Agriculture 1, 648 1, 514 134 1,615 1,485 130 33 29 4 Forestry 564 560 4 456 452 4 108 108 All other science-related curriculums 357 333 24 274 260 14 83 73 10

Health service curriculums 16,903 987 15,916 11,149 687 10, 462 5, 754 300 5, 454

Dental assistant 1,013 4 1,009 524 3 521 489 1 488 Dental hygiene 1, 555 8 1, 547 1, 555 8 1, 547 Dental laboratory assistant 299 82 217 131 82 49 168 168 Medical or biological laboratory technician 829 137 692 627 123 504 202 14 188 Medical x-ray technician 587 109 478 333 87 246 254 22 232 Nursing, practical 4,380 242 4,138 548 16 532 3,832 226 3,606 Nursing, associate degree or diploma program 6,930 211 6,719 6,626 209 6,417 304 2 302 Occupational therapy assistant 52 3 49 39 2 36 14 1 13 Surgical technician 7 1 7 1 All other health service curriculums 1,251 190 1,061 767 157 610 484 33 451

Scientific data processing 503 372 131 480 358 122 23 14 9 Nonscience- and nonengineering-related curriculums 45, 421 20, 393 25, 028 39, 525 19,156 20, 369 5,896 1,237 4, 653

Business- and commerce-related curriculums. 34, 918 15,148 19, 770 29, 861 14, 357 15, 504 5, 057 791 4, 266

General business, business administration 10,156 7,335 2, 821 9, 633 7, 114 2, 519 523 221 302 Accounting 4,203 3,115 1, 088 3, 809 2,912 897 394 203 191 Business data processing 2,405 1,552 853 2, 206 1,488 718 19 64 135 Marketing, distributive education 2,158 1,543 615 2, 043 1, 468 575 115 75 40 Secretarial studies 13,770 280 13, 490 10, 276 255 10, 021 3, 494 25 3, 469 All other business- and commerce-related curriculums 2,226 1,323 903 1,894 1, 120 774 332 203 129

All other nonscience- and nooengineering-related curriculums__ 10, 503 5, 245 5, 258 9,664 4,799 4,865 839 446 393

Bible study, religious work 762 364 398 752 364 388 10 10 Education 1,998 449 1,549 1,882 432 1,450 116 17 99 Fine, applied, or graphic arts 3,433 1,774 1,659 3,315 1,706 1,609 118 68 50 Home economics 723 80 643 652 33 619 71 47 24 Library assistant or technical aide 107 10 97 83 3 80 24 7 17

Other

Police technology, law enforcement 1,840 1,714 126 1,653 1,530 123 187 184 3 1,640 854 786 1,327 731 596 313 123 190

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Associate Degrees and Other Formal Awards Below the Baccalaureate, 1967-68."

73
Table 99.-Historical summary of faculty, students, degrees, and finances in

institutions of higher education: United States, 1869-70 to 1965-66

Item 1869-70 1879-80 1889-90 1899-1900 1909-10 1919-20 1929-30 1939-40 1949-50 1959-60 1963-64 1965-66

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

histititioas

Total 563 811 998 97 951 1, 041 1,409 1,708 1,851 2,008 2,132 2,230

Faulty I

Total 2 5, 553 2 11, 522 2 15, 809 23, 868 36, 480 48, 615 82, 386 146, 929 246, 722 3 380, 554 3 494, 514 2 3 596, 400

Men 2 4, 887 2 7, 328 2 12, 704 19,151 29, 132 35, 807 60, 017 106, 328 186,189 3 296, 773 3 385, 405 2 3 464,000

Women 2 666 2 4, 194 2 3, 105 4, 717 7, 348 12, 808 22, 369 40, 601 60, 533 383, 781 3 109,109 2 3 132, 400

Resident dogrwasdit offelliesat4

Total 2 52, 286 2 115, 817 156, 756 237, 592 355, 213 597, 880 1,100, 737 1, 494, 203 2,659, 021 0 3, 215, 544 A 4, 234, 092 5, 596, 325

Men 2 41, 160 2 77, 972 2 100, 453 152, 254 2 214, 648 314, 938 619, 935 893, 250 1, 853,068 3 2, 079, 788 0 2, 622, 787 6 3, 374, 603

Women 2 11, 126 2 37, 845 2 56, 303 85, 338 2 140, 565 282, 942 480, 802 600, 953 805, 953 3 1,135, 756 11, 611, 305 2 Z 151, 722

Earned dope cevrsd

Bachelor's and first

profe ssional:

Total 9, 371 12, 896 15, 539 27, 410 37,199 48, 622 122, 484 186, 500 432,058 392,440 498,654 551,040

Men 7, 993 10, 411 12, 857 22,173 28, 762 31, 980 73, 615 109, 546 328, 841 254, 063 298,046 328, 853

Women 1, 378 2, 485 2, 682 5, 237 8, 437 16, 642 48, 869 76, 954 103,217 138,377 200,608 222,187

Second level

(master's except

first professional):

Total 0 879 1,015 1,583 2,113 4, 279 14, 969 26, 731 58,183 74, 435 101, 050 140, 555

Men 0 868 821 1,280 1,555 2, 985 8, 925 16, 508 41, 220 50, 898 68,969 93, 063

Women 0 11 194 303 558 1,294 6,044 10,223 16,963 23,537 32,081 47,492

Doctor's:

Total 1 54 149 382 443 615 2, 299 3, 290 6, 420 9, 829 14, 490 18, 237

Men 1 51 147 359 399 522 1, 946 2, 861 5, 804 8, 801 12, 955 16,121

Women 0 3 2 23 44 93 353 429 616 1, 028 1, 535 2,116

Finances (in thousands of dollars)

Total current income__ (7) (7) (7) (7) $76, 883 $199, 922 $554, 511 $715, 211 $2, 374, 645 $5, 785, 537 $9, 543, 514 $12, 734, 225

Educational and

general income_ _ _ _ (7) (7) $21,464 $35,084 67,917 172,929 483,065 571, 288 1, 833, 845 4, 688, 352 7, 788, 446 10, 285, 252

Total current expenditures (7) (7) (7) (7) (7) (7) 507, 142 674, 688 2, 245, 661 5, 601, 376 9, 177, 677 12, 509, 489

Educational and

general expenditures (7) (7) (7) (7) (7) (7) 377, 903 521, 990 1, 706, 444 4, 513, 208 7, 425,063 9, 951,106

Value of physical

property (7) (7) 95, 426 253, 599 460, 532 741, 333 2,065, 050 8 2, 753, 780 4, 799, 964 13, 448, 548 21, 279, 346 26, 851, 273

Endowment and

other nonexpendable funds (7) (7) 78, 788 194, 998 323, 61 569, 071 1, 512, 023 1, 764, 604 2, 644, 323 5, 571,121 7, 295, 392 0 8, 766,134

I Total number of different individuals (not reduced to full-time equivalent).

2 Estimated.

3 Data for first term of the academic year.

4 Unless otherwise indicated, includes students enrolled at any time during the

academic year.

2 Data for fall 1963.

6 Opening fall enrollment. Includes resident and extension degree-credit students.

7 Data not available.

Includes unexpended plant funds.

74

0 Excludes student loan, annuity and trust funds.

NOTE: Beginning in 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Biennial Survey of Education in the United States;" "Faculty and Other Professional

Staff in Institutions of Higher Education; " "Comprehensive Report on Enrollment

in Higher Education"; "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1965;" and

"Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education".
Table 100.-Faculty, students, and degrees conferred in in

predominantly by Negro students: United States,

stitutions attended

1963-64

I tern Total

Universities, colleges, and

professional schools Teachers

2 Junior colleges 1

Public Private

colleges

Public Private

2 3 4 5 6 7 Number of institutions

Faculty, different persons

Men

Women

Resident degree-credit enrollment

Men

Women

107 20 49 12 15 11 9,968 3, 858. 4,316 1,109 474 211 6,209

3,759

2,394

1,464

2,791

1,525

622

487

284

190

118

93

105, 495 45,838 38,558 14, 902 4,273 I, 924

47,155

58,340

21,165

24,673

17,870

20,688

5,498

9, 404

1,831

2,442

791

1,133

Undergraduate and first professional 101,353 43,203 37,162 14,791 4,273 1,924

Men 45, 384 20, 207 17,093 5,462 1,831 791

Women 55,969 22,996 20,069 9,329 2,442 1,133

First time in any college 30,,026 12, 202 10,345 4,337 2,178 964

Men 13,297 5, 812 4,459 1,659 951 416

Women 16, 729 5, 390 5,886 2,678 1,227 548

Graduate 4,142 2, 635 1,396 II I

Men I, 771 9 8 777 36

Women 2,371 I, 6757 619 75

Extension degree-credit enrollment 1,946 1,762 134 50

Enrollment in terminal-occupational education 1,588 454 453 284 283 114 Earned degrees conferred :

Bachelor's and first professional 14,058 5,611 5,908 2,539

Men 5,667 2,414 2,439 814

Women 8,391 3,197 3,469 1,725

Master's, except first professional 1,450 1,019 378 53

Men 651 397 231 23

Women 799 622 147 30

Doctor's 7 1 6 0

Men 5 I 4 0

Women 2 0 2 0

1 Includes community colleges, technical institu

educational institutions restricted to less than 4 ye or terminal-occupational level.

I All publicly controlled.

NOTE: Data on faculty are for the first term of the academic year; on students,

tes, normal schools, and other

ars of work on the undergraduate

Table 101.-Faculty for resident instruction in degree- credit courses in institutions of higher education: United States and outlying areas, 1949-50 to 1968-69

Year Total

Instructor or above Junior

i nstructional

staff

Total Full

time

Part

time

2 3 4 5 6

1949-50 (academic year) 191, 396 (9 (I) (9

1951-52 (academic year) 184,826 (9 0)

November 1953

November 1955

208,547

227,929

182,028

197,791

(I) 26 519

30,

, 138

First term of the aca demic

year:

1957-58_ 260, 486 226, 536 154, 602 71, 934 33, 950

1959-60_ _ _ 283, 080 244, 461 163, 656 80, 805 38, 619

1961 -62__ 312,687 266,624 178,632 87,992 46,063

1963-64_ 358,153 305,459 204,561 100,898 52,694

1965-66 438, 000 372, 000 249, 000 123, 000 66,000

1967-68 2 498,000 424,000 283,000 141,000 74,000

1968-69 2 528, 000 449, 000 300, 000 149, 000 79, 000

1 Data not available.

2 Estimated by Office of Education.

NOTE: Data refer to the number of positions rather than to the number of

different persons employed.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Biennial Survey of Education in the United States"; and circulars on "Faculty

and Other Professional Staff in Institutions of Higher Education."

75

for fall 1963; and on degrees, for the 12-month period ending June 30, 1964.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Faculty and Other Professional Staff in Institutions of Higher Education, First

Term 1963-64"; "Resident and Extension Enrollment In Institutions of Higher

Education, Fall 1963"; and "Earned Degrees Conferred, 1963-64."

Table 102.-Faculty and other professional staff in

institutions of higher education, by sex and by control and level of institution: United States and outlying

areas, first term 1959-60 to 1966-67

Item

Number of different persons

1959-60 1961-62 1963-64 1966-67

1 2 3 4 5

Total 382,664 427,833 498,359 650,198

By sex:

Men 297,974 333,830 387,765 ()

Women 84,690 94,003 110,594 (9

By control of institution:

Public 209,643 235,851 288,165 402,898

Private 173,021 191,982 210,194 247,300

By level of institution:

4-year institutions 347, 872 389, 584 451, 820 575, 946

2-year institutions 34, 792 38,249 46, 539 74, 252

I Data not available.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

circulars on "Faculty and Other Professional Staff in Institutions of Higher Education"; and "Numbers and Characteristics of Employees in Institutions of Higher

Education, Fall 1966."
Table 103.-Faculty and other professional staff in institutions of higher education, by type of position: United States and outlying areas, first term 1959-60 to 1963-64

Type of position Number of positions

Type of position Number of positions

1959-60 1961-62 1963-64 1959-60 1961-62 1963-64

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 All types I 431,120 475,110 556, 904 Faculty for resident instruction in other than

degree-credit courses 14, 135 13, 632 15, 115 Professional staff for general administration.... 19, 063 20,686 25, 513 Extension staff 31, 439 31, 409 37, 768 Professional staff for student personnel serv- Giving courses....... . 15, 348 15, 236 21,289 ices.. 15,299 16,722 20, 734 Other extension staff.. - 16, 091 16,173 16, 479 Faculty for resident instruction in degree-credit Other faculty, including instructional staff for courses 283,080 312,687 358,153 courses by mall, radio, or TV, short courses, Instructor or above.... ....... . 244,461 266,624 305, 459 and Individual lessons 11,877 11,771 14, 492 Full-time 163, 656 178, 632 204, 561 Professional library staff. 9,939 11,025 12, 539 Part-time. 80, 805 87, 992 100,898 Professional staff for organized research 37, 099 50, 058 65, 088 Full-time equivalent of part-time 2... 25, 600 29, 645 32,806 Instructional staff for elementary or second- Junior instructional staff 38, 619 46, 063 52,694 ary instruction 9, 789 7, 820 7, 502

I The sum of the number of persons in all types of positions exceeds the number

of different persons because some professional staff serve in more than one ca- pacity. "Total number of positions' represents the sum in all types of positions as classified in the survey questionnaires.

Rounded.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, circulars on "Faculty and Other Professional Staff in Institutions of Higher Education?'

Table 104.-Faculty and other professional staff in institutions of higher education, by State: First term 1963-64

State

Total number of

different persons

Men Women

Faculty for resident

instruction in degree-credit courses State

Total number

different

of

persons

Women

Faculty for resident

instruction in degree-credit courses With rank of instructor or above Junior

instructional

staff

Men

With rank of instructor above Junior

instructional

staff

Fulltime

Parttime Fulltime

Parttime

2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6

United States 315, 405 109,109 202, 396 100, 500 52, 646 Nevada 479 94 344 36 65 New Hampshire 1, 404 451 972 206 115 Alabama

Alaska

3, 543 1, 453 2, 584 608 424 New Jersey 8, 560 1, 919 4, 305 2, 808 731 374 69 164 40 New Mexico 1, 806 434 881 318 346 Arizona 2,903 688 1,585 559 576 New York 43,697 11,712 21,311 16,477 4, 645 Arkansas. 2,377 865 1,390 411 316 North Carolina 7, 484 3, 001 5, 320 1, 055 1, 091 California 47, 690 12, 664 20, 271 14, 361 4, 506 North Dakota 1, 291 382 851 280 124

Colorado

Connecticut

4, 426 1, 094 2, 533 723 574 Ohio 16, 997 5, 219 8, 857 5, 047 3, 069 5,490 1,843 2,996 1,538 697 Oklahoma 4, 657 1, 329 2, 319 1, 426 737 Delaware

District of Columbia

664 214 371 101 137 Oregon 5, 174 1, 356 2, 308 1, 028 618 5, 906 1, 724 2, 447 2, 756 725 Pennsylvania 22, 912 6,110 12,134 6, 563 2, 693 Florida 6,887 2,244 4, 562 967 828 Rhode Island 2, 211 566 1, 329 160 510

Georgia.

Hawaii

5,767 1,788 3,179 1,598 522 South Carolina 2,985 1,127 1,978 422 491 842 365 691 129 173 South Dakota 1,381 .435 871 293 177 I daho. 1,203 332 767 106 104 Tennessee 6, 327 1,983 4,054 1,464 768 Illinois 22, 749 5, 694 10, 725 6, 555 3, 015 Texas 14, 807 4, 475 9, 474 4, 084 2, 330 Indiana 11, 744 2, 465 4, 871 2, 609 2, 586 Utah 2,752 672 1,570 444 348

Iowa 6,226 2,044 3,863 718 1,619 Vermont 1, 322 381 816 271 70 Kansas. 5,179 1,799 2,922 992 986 Virginia 5, 694 2, 300 3, 796 1, 387 259 Kentucky__... 3,689 1,830 2,711 786 215 Washington 6, 231 1, 844 3, 456 983 1, 210 Louisiana

Maine

6,008 1,894 3,546 1,679 940 West Virginia 1, 943 736 1, 791 289 80 1,249 382 863 167 97 Wisconsin 9, 988 3, 251 4, 445 2, 438 1, 447

Maryland.__..... ........ Wyoming 603 225 377 99 79 7,834 1,915 3, 219 1,941 863

Massachusetts.

Michigan

20, 312 4, 557 9, 832 4,101 4,119 U.S. Service Schools 2, 678 172 2, 202 131 22 14,221 3,640 7,235 3,073 2,213

1, 415 2,165 391 41

Minnesota 8, 303 2, 352 4, 077 1, 619 1, 579 Outlying areas 2, 360 Mississippi 3,218 1,278 2,183 602 302

Canal Zone_ 38 14 18 32 Missouri.. _ ..... 9,150 2, 716 4, 584 3, 064 1, 810 Guam 54 26 37 20 Montana. 1,260 327 741 254 175 Puerto Rico 2, 255 1, 441 2, 106 340 47 Nebraska 2,808 699 1,723 734 520 Virgin Islands 13 4 4 6 1 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education "Faculty and Other Professional Staff in Institutions of Higher Education, First Term 1963 -64."

76
Table 105.-Average salaries of faculty members in institutions of higher education, by level of institution, length of contract, and academic rank: United States, 1963-64 and 1966-67

Academic rank

Universities Other 4-year institutions 2-year institutions

1963-64 1966-67 Percent

increase

1963-64 1966-67 Percent

increase

1963-64 1966-67 Percent

increase

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

9-10-month contracts

Academic deans $13, 777

Professors $12, 832 $15, 618 22 $10, 267 12, 261 19 Associate professors 9, 463 11, 549 22 8, 376 9, 886 18

Assistant professors 7, 798 9, 176 18 7, 185 8, 404 17

Instructors 6, 218 7, 128 15 5, 689 6, 908 21 $7, 566 I $8, 704 15

Other academic faculty 8, 668 7, 228

11-12-month contracts

Academic deans $17, 122 $21, 289 24 $12, 660 $15, 408 22 $10, 305 $13,148 28

Professors 13, 701 17, 376 27 10,670 14, 280 34

Associate professors 10,724 13, 312 24 8,620 11,436 33

Assistant professors 9, 098 10, 952 20 7, 160 9, 523 25

Instructors 7, 098 8, 452 19 6, 435 7, 572 18 7, 833 18, 774 12 Other academic faculty 10, 129 9, 623

(Some 2-year institutions reported ranks other than instructor. In such cases,

all of the ranks except academic deans reported by the institution were recombined under the rank of instructor.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Higher Education Salaries," 1963-64 and 1966-67.

Table 106.-Median salaries of instructional staff in institutions of higher education, by academic rank, type of institution, and size of enrollment: United States, 1965-66 and 1967-68

Type of institution and

size of enrollment

1965-66 1967-68

All ranks

combined

Professors Associate

professors

Assistant

professors

Instructors All ranks

combined

Professors Associate

professors

Assistant

professors

Instructors

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 All 4-year colleges and

universities $9,081 $12,953 $10,058 $6,417 $6,761 $10,235 $14,113 $11,393 $9,472 $1,458

Public universities:

10,000 students and over 10, 053 14, 053 10, 781 8, 918 6, 956 11, 290 15, 877 12, 202 10, 024 7, 651

5,000 to 9,999 9, 321 12, 797 10, 227 8, 579 6, 794 10, 049 13, 751 11,185 9, 487 7, 463 Under 5,000 8, 868 11, 797 9, 504 8, 269 6, 631 9, 815 13, 501 10, 940 9, 258 7, 633 Private universities:

5,000 and over 10,157 15,132 10, 716 8, 610 6, 897 11, 435 16, 596 12,126 9, 801 7, 624

Under 5,000 9, 412 13, 536 10,114 8, 402 6, 794 10, 246 14, 843 11,150 9, 301 7, 410

Public colleges 8, 750 12, 005 9, 756 8, 346 6, 859 9, 657 13, 355 10, 964 9, 206 7, 517 Private colleges:

1,000 and over 8, 214 11,164 9,138 7, 840 6, 630 9, 014 12, 713 10, 296 8, 693 7, 291

500 to 999 7, 480 9, 866 8, 298 7, 262 6, 218 8, 428 11, 393 9, 490 8, 213 6, 962

Under 500 6, 485 9, 108 7, 444 6, 570 5, 826 7, 882 10, 092 8, 645 7, 686 6, 700

Public 2-year institutions 8, 361 (I) (9 (9 () 9, 165 (9 (9 (9 (I) Private 2-year institutions 6, 407 (I) (9 (9 7, 211 (I) (9 (9 (I)

I Not applicable: A majority of the reporting junior colleges have not established

professorial ranks.

NOTE: Salaries are for 9 months of full-time teaching.

77

SOURCE: National Education Association, Research Division, Research Report

1966-R2, "Salaries in Higher Education, 19C9-66;" and Research Report 1968 -

R7, "Salaries in Higher Education, 1967-68." (Copyright © 1966 and 1968, respectively, by the National Education Association. All rights reserved.)
Table 107.-Median annual salaries of instructional staff and administrative

officers in 4-year colleges and universities: United States, 1957-58 to 1967-68

Position 1957-58 1959-60 1961-62 1963-64 1965-66 1967-68

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Instructional staff in 4year collages and univocal's:

All ranks $6,015 $6,711 $7,486 $8,163 $9,081 $10,235 Professors 8, 072 9,107 10, 256 11, 312 12, 953 14, 713 Associate professors 6, 563 7, 332 8,167 8, 969 10, 058 11, 393 Assistant professors 5,595 6,231 6,900 7,539 8,417 9,472

Instructors 4, 562 5, 095 5, 582 6,114 6, 761 7, 458

Administrative officers:

President 12,407 13,827 15,375 17,330 19,638 22,303 Vice-president 12, 013 14,154 16, 000 17,130 19, 012 21, 458 Dean of the college 8,411 10,723 12,230 13,644 15,703 16,141 Dean of students 7, 610 8,796 9, 592 10,694 12, 027 14, 086 Dean of men 6, 658 7, 280 8, 202 9,144 9, 783 10, 983 Dean of women 6,006 6,638 7,399 8,216 9,209 10,289 Dean of admissions 6, 738 7, 680 8, 636 9, 572 10, 364 11, 446 Registrar 6, 032 6, 340 7, 312 8,142 9,123 10, 366 Business manager 7,518 8,536 9,405 10,512 11,780 14,914 Chief librarian 6, 134 7, 078 8,163 8, 883 10, 225 11, 817 Director of public relations 6,420 7,194 7,659 8,440 9,596 10,823 Director of athletics 7, 292 8,104 8, 930 9, 871 11,125 12, 470 Head football coach 7,077 7,824 8,554 9,321 10,716 11,488 Head basketball coach 6, 382 6, 888 7, 700 8, 542 9, 383 10, 485

NOTE: Salaries of instructional staff are for 9 months of full-time teaching;

salaries of administrative officers are usually for 11 or 12 months of service. SOURCE: National Education Association, Research Division, Research Report

1968-R4, "Economic Status of the Teaching Profession, 1967-68." (Copyright ©1968 by the National Education Association. All rights reserved.)

Tabie 108. Number of institutions of higher education, by type, control, and

size of enrollment: United States, fall 1968

Control of institution and size of enrollment

All institutions Universities

All other

4-year institutions 2-year institutions

Number Enrollment Number Enrollment Number Enrollment Number Enrollment 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Public and private institutions

Under 200

2,483 7,513,091 159 2,753,269 1,460 2,967,000 864 1,792,822

302 33, 637 188 21, 072 114 12, 565 200 to 499 341 120,434 186 65,597 155 54,837

500 to 999 557 411, 691 374 277, 668 183 134, 023 1,000 to 2,499 627 963, 971 1 1, 785 405 624,112 221 338, 074 2,500 to 4,999 266 947, 025 11 44, 393 156 547, 797 99 354, 835 5,000 to 9,999 211 1,492,850 46 339,723 106 751,646 59 401,481

10,000 to 19,999 119 1,624,674 54 783, 877 37 474, 729 28 366, 068 20,000 to 29,999 35 829, 804 25 592, 979 6 141, 833 4 94, 992 30,000 or more 25 1, 089, 005 22 990, 512 2 62, 546 1 35, 947

Public institutions 1,011 5,430,652 94 2,049,215 323 1,734,437 594 1,647,000

Under 200 26 2, 893 2 160 24 2, 733 200 to 499 70 26, 421 4 1, 311 66 25,110 500 to 999 149 III, 382 24 18, 254 125 93,128 1,000 to 2,499 274 436, 441 80 139, 715 194 296, 726 2,500 to 4,999 178 650,175 1 4, 508 83 309, 213 94 336, 454 5,000 to 9,999 165 1,165, 955 18 131, 315 89 638, 798 58 395, 842 10,000 to 19,999 97 1, 326, 806 36 538, 131 33 422, 607 28 366, 068 20,000 to 29,999 29 690, 900 19 454, 075 6 141, 833 4 94, 992 30,000 or more 23 1, 019, 679 20 921,186 2 62, 546 1 35, 947

Private institutions 1,472 2,082,439 65 704,054 1,137 1,232,563 270 145,822

Under 200 276 30, 744 186 20, 912 90 9, 832 200 to 499 271 94, 013 182 64, 286 89 29, 727 500 to 999 408 300, 309 350 259, 414 58 40, 895 1,000 to 2,499 353 527, 530 1 1, 785 325 484, 397 27 41, 348 2,500 to 4,999 88 296, 850 10 39, 885 73 238, 584 5 18, 381 5,000 to 9,909 46 326, 895 28 208, 408 17 112, 848 1 5, 639 10,000 to 19,999 22 297, 868 18 245, 746 4 52,122

20,000 to 29,999 6 138, 904 6 138, 904

30,000 or more 2 69, 326 2 69, 326

NOTE: Includes students whose programs of study are creditable toward a

bachelor's or higher degree and also students in 1-, 2-, or 3-year undergraduate

programs which are not creditable toward a bachelor's degree but which are designed to prepare for immediate employment or to provide general education.

78

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1968: Part B-Institutional Data;" and unpublished data.
Table 109.Number of institutions of higher education, by type, control, and State: Fall 1968

State Total

All other All institutions Universities 4year institutions 2-year institutions

Public Private Public Private Public

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 United States 2,483 1,011 1,472 94 65 323

Alabama 45 25 20 2 8 Alaska 3 1 2 1 Arizona 15 10 5 2 1 Arkansas 21 10 11 1 7 California 193 104 89 1 4 20

Colorado 29 19 10 2 1 7 Connecticut

Delaware

47

6

173

30

3

1

1

1 4

1 District of Columbia 23 3 20 5 2 Florida 60 34 26 3 1 4

Georgia

Hawaii

58

5 27

1 31

4

1

1

1 14

Idaho 11 6 5 1_ 3

Illinois 133 40 93 3 5 5

Indiana 42 5 37 4 2

Iowa 51 15 36 2 1 1 Kansas 51 24 27 3 4 Kentucky 36 7 29 2 5 Louisiana

Maine

24

15

13

2

1113

1

1 2 9

1 Maryland 48 22 26 1 1 8 Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

108

86

56

29

39

24

79

47

32

13

1 7

1 139

6 Mississippi 42 25 17 2 6

Missouri

Montana

66

12 19

9

47

3

12

2 8

4 Nebraska 27 11 16 1 1 4 Nevada 2 2 1 1 New Hampshire 21 6 15 1 2

New Jersey 55 21 34 1 2 8 New Mexico 12 8 4 2 4 New York 214 69 145 2 12 28 North Carolina

North Dakota

89

14

42

10

47

4

2

2

2 144

Ohio 87 17 70 8 1 4 Oklahoma

Oregon

35

39

23

20

12

19 2

2

1

1 10

6 Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

143

14 30

3

113

11 3

1 4 14

1 South Carolina 42 18 24 2 5 South Dakota 17 7 10 2 5 Tennessee 52 12 40 1 1 6 Texas

Utah

114

10

63

6

514

6

2

4

1 16

2 Vermont 18 5 13 1 3 Virginia 57 24 33 3 8 Washington 39 27 12 2 3 West Virginia 22 11 11 1 9 Wisconsin

Wsjiming

60

7 29

7 31 1

1

1 9

U.S. Service Schools 7 7 7 Outlying areas 8 4 4 1 2 Canal Zona 1 1 Guam 1 1

1 Puerto Rico 5 1 4 1 Virgin Islands 1 1

1

Private Public Private

8 9 10

1,137 594 270

16 15 4

1 1 4 7 1 9 2 2

81 83 4

9 10

21 12 8

1 3

11 1 4

20 27 5 22 12 8

3 1 2 2 3

72 32 16

33 1 2

30 12 5 23 17 4

22 7 9 3

12 1 20 13 5 48 15 24

37 27 9

28 17 4

9 17 8

36 10 9

3 3

13 6 2

14 3 1 22 12 10

4 2

108 39 25

29 26 16

3 4 1 62 5 7

7 11 4

15 12 3

94 13 15

9 1 2

19 11 5 8 2

32 5 7 37 41 10

1 2 2

11 1 2

22 13 11 12 22

7 1 4

27 19 3

li 6

3 1 1 1 3 1 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1968: Part BInstitutional Data."

79
Table 110.Number of institutions of higher education, by control of institutica

and by State: Fall 1967

State Total

Public Private

Denominational Stater Local 2 Independent

of church Protestant Roman Other 3

Catholic

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

UnIted Statu 2,374 410 444 540 500 311 10 Alabama 44 24 5 12 3 Alaska 3 1 2 Arizona 12 3 6 1 2 Arkansas 21 8 2 2 9 California 189 20 80 41 26 20 2

Colorado 24 10 5 3 3 3 Connecticut 42 12 14 2 14 Delaware 4 2 1 1 District of Columbia 22 1 10 2 9 Florida 54 6 26 12 5 5

Georgia 53 20 3 10 20 Hawaii = 4 1 1 1 1

Idaho 11 3 3 3 1 1 Illinois 124 7 26 41 26 21 3 Indiana 41 4 1 10 16 10

Iowa

Kansas

51 3 14 10 14 9 1 49 7 17 1 17 7 Kentucky 38 6 2 6 16 8 Louisiana

Maine

21 10 2 3 6

22 7 11 1 3

Maryland

Massachusetts

46 9 11 11 2 12 1 Michigan

106 25 3 54 4 19 1 87 12 24 21 16 14 Minnesota 57 23 7 15 12 Mississippi 41 9 16 3 12 1 Missouri

Montana

65 7 11 14 20 13

12 6 3 1 2 Nebraska 24 5 7 3 6 3 Nevada 1 1 New Hampshire 20 6 8 6

New Jersey 45 8 6 8 9 14 New Mexico 11 7 1 1 2 New York

North Carolina

199 24 38 62 12 60 3

78 19 15 6 36 2 North Dakota 13 8 2 1 2

Ohio

Oklahoma 80 9 7 23 22 17 2

Oregon 34 18 5 3 7 1 41 8 12 7 10 4 Pennsylvania

Rhode Island 148 16 13 53 33 31 2

14 3 6 5

South Carolina 33 8 1 7 17 South Dakota 17 7 2 6 2 Tennessee 50 IA 1 14 23 2 Texas 110 ki 38 9 32 9 Utah 9 5 1 1 2

Vermont 17 5 Virginia 57 22 Washington 38 5 West Virginia 21 11 Wisconsin 58 10 Wyoming 6 1 U.S. Service Schools 7 7

1 2117

5

9 3

11 21 2

2 5 5

4 5 1 9 5 17 Outlyingareas 8 4 2 2

Canal Zone 1 1 Guam 1 1 Puerto Rico

Virgin Islands 5 1 2 2

1 1 1 Includes institutions under Federal control (7 U.S. Service Schools and Canal Zone College).

2 Includes institutions under the joint control of State and local governments.

3 Includes Jewish, Latter Day Saints, Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox, and Unitarian.

80

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1967; "Education Directory, 1966

67: Part 3, Higher Education"; and unpublished data.
State

Table 111.-Earned degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by

level of degree and by State: 1967-68 and 1968-69

1967-68 1968-691

Bachelor's

degrees

requiring

4 or S years)

Firstprofessional

dor/riles

(requiring

at least 6 years)

Master's

degrees

Doctor's Bachelor's Firstdegrees degrees professional (Ph.D., Ed,D., (requiring degrees

etc.) 4 or 5 years) (requiring

at least 6 years

Master's

degrees

Doctor's

degrees

(Ph.D., Ed.D.,

etc.)

2 3 5

11,717i117,11,7119". 6 7 9

United States.,. 532,211 34,421 176,141 23,011 716,000 31.000 111,600 21,100

9,188 419 1, 695 165 10, 400 470 1, 800 190 Alaska.. - --..... .- 204 118 6 200 0 100 10 Arizona 6, 275 116 2, 478 2 32 7,100 130 2,600 260 Arkansas 5,485 166 1, 028 1 0 2 6,200 190 1,100 120

California 52, 925 2, 948 15, 831 2, 576 59, 900 3, 350 16, 900 2, 910

Colorado 9,159 413 3, 010 549 10, 400 470 3, 200 620 Connecticut 8,182 600 3, 522 396 9,300 680 3, 800 450 Delaware 1, 097 0 354 62 1,200 0 400 70 District of Columbia 5,384 1,722 3,789 394 6,100 1,950 4,000 450

Florida 14, 238 630 3,837 496 16,100 710 4,100 560

Georgia 10, 786 674 2,378 235 12,200 760 2,500 270 HaWali, 1, 989 0 825 49 2,300 0 900 60 Idaho 2,218 36 378 42 2, 500 40 400 50 Illinois 29, 585 2, 217 10,875 1,531 33,500 2,520 11,700 1,730 Indiana 17,756 787 7,531 962 20,100 890 8,000 1,080

Iowa 11, 971 558 2,095 531 13,600 630 2,200 600 Kansas 9,654 373 2, 657 265 10, 900 420 2, 800 300 Kentucky 9,598 699 1,875 134 10,900 790 2,000 150 Louislana,, 10,204 707 2,401 300 11,600 800 2,600 340 Maine 3, 450 39 470 10 3, 900 40 500 10

Maryland 9,619 780 2, 049 461 10, 900 880 2, 200 520 Massachusetts 25, 470 1, 974 9,074 1,339 28,800 2,240 9,700 1,510 Michigan 27,364 1, 528 11,033 1,163 31,000 1,730 11,800 1,310 Minnesota 14,242 709 2, 304 489 16,100 800 2, 500 550 Mississippi 6, 762 180 1,252 123 7,700 200 1,300 140

Missouri 14,987 1, 337 4,279 457 17, 000 1, 510 4,600 520

Montana 2, 829 34 456 44 3,200 40 500 50 Nebraska 6, 901 361 1,139 160 7,800 410 1,200 180

Nevada 808 0 177 13 900 0 200 10 New Hampshire 3, 418 0 498 32 3,900 0 500 40

New Jersey 16,286 670 4,296 498 18,400 760 4,600 560

New Mexico_ 3 010 , 78 1,121 110 3,400 90 1,200 120 New York 59, 865 3, 654 22,204 2, 676 67, 700 4,150 23, 700 3, 020 North Carolina 14, 565 626 2,917 504 16,500 710 3,100 570 North Dakota 3, 180 77 503 63 3,600 90 500 70

Ohio 33, 049 1, 553 7,203 882 37,400 1,760 7,700 1,000 Oklahoma 9, 501 462 2,674 354 10,800 520 2,900 400 Oregon 8,040 381 2,559 354 9,100 430 2,700 400 Pennsylvania 38,921 2,145 9, 406 1,125 44,100 2, 430 10,100 1, 270 Rhode Island 3,965 0 903 132 4, 500 0 1, 000 150

South Carolina 6232 209 665 86 7, 100 240 700 100 South Dakota 3,635 45 640 30 4,100 50 700 30 Tennessee 12,218 831 2, 492 323 13, 800 940 2, 700 370 Texas 370,634 1, 653 7,143 853 34,700 1,870 7,600 960 Utah , 474 139 1, 448 247 8, 500 160 1, 500 280

Vermont 2,275 44 569 16 2,600 50 600 20 Virginia 10,936 739 2, 006 233 12, 400 840 2,100 260 Washington 11, 533 324 2,489 403 13,100 370 2,700 460 West Virginia 5,829 157 1,044 68 6,600 180 1,100 80 Wisconsin

Wyoming

15,539

1, 009

602 3,978

325

762

49

17,600

1,100

680

30

4,200

300

860

60

U.S, Service Schools 2, 845 0 756 3 3, 200 0 800 (2)

Outlying ems:

Guam 81 0 3 0 100 0 (3) Puerto Rico 4,493 307 398 2 5, 100 350 400 (2)

1 Estimated.

2 Less than 5.

3 Less than 50.

81

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Earned Degrees Conferred, 1967-68"; and Office of Education estimates.
Tab 112.-Earned degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by

field of study, level, arid sex: United States, 1967-68

Major field of study

Bachelor's degrees requiring

4 or 5 years

First-professional

requiring at least

Total Men

degrees

6 years

Women

Second level (master's)

degrees

Doctoral degrees (PI. D

Ed.D., etc.)

Total Men Women Total Men

9

Omen

10

Total Men

12

Women

3 4 6 8 11 13

All fields 132,211 357,112 274.101 34.421 32,825 1,511 171,741 113,511 13,230 23,081 20,183 2,101

Agriculture 6,722 6,476 246 ...... 1, 482 1, 408 77 4 561 549 12

Architecture (excluding architectural engineering 1) . 2, 955 2, 829 126 205 191 1 4 536 509 2 6 6 ..... Biological sciences

Biology, general..,

Botany, general

Zoology, general

31, 826

20, 758

624

4, 790

22,986

14,181

433

3, 817

8,840

6177191 973

............ 5,506

2, 4306 31 807

3, 959

1, 645

310

607

1, 547

661

121 200

2, 31844

336

226

2,

242

345

204

286

439

72

22

50

Bacteriology, virology, mycology, parasitology,

microbiology

Biochemistry

Biological sciences, all other

1,172

295

4, 187

564

213

3, 778

608

82

409

463

254

1, 245

293

173

931

170

81 314

305

442

1, 161

253

1,

3

017

43

52

9

144

9

Business and commerce 79, 528 72, 575 6, 953 17, 848 17, 239 609 445 431 14

Accounting. 17,922 16,672 1,250 1,137 1,072 64 33 31 2 Business and commerce, all other. 61,606 55, CO3 5,703 16,711 16,166 545 412 400 12

Cducation 2

Business education, commercial education

134, 00,

6, 839

32, 492

1, 742

102, 413

5, 097

63, 503

1, 343

30,798

552

32, 705

791

4, 079

38

3, 249 t30

12 Counseling and guidance 4 4 8, 387 4, 358 4, 029 357 290 77

Educational administration, supervision, or fi- nance 7,665 5,771 1,894 789 724 65

Elementary education 70, 701 6, 518 64,183 11, 722 2, 384 9, 338 179 103 76

Music education 6, 461 2,745 3, 716 1, 581 925 656 81 72 9

Physical education 15,160 9, 073 6, 087 3, 322 2, 396 926 191 137 54

Secondary education 3,364 1,523 1,841 4, 844 2, 869 1, 975 129 107 22

Education, all other 32,376 10,891 21, 485 24, 639 11, 543 13, 096 2,305 1,790 515

Engineering ' 37, 368 37,159 209 15, 182 15, 083 99 2, 932 2, 920 12

English and literature 47, 977 15, 700 32, 277 7, 916 3, 434 4, 482 977 717 260

Fine and applied arts 25, 521 10, 390 15, 131 6, 563 3, 704 2, 859 528 428 100

Art, general 7, 097 2, 272 4, 825 1, 341 804 537 24 18 6

Music, including sacred mfisic (excluding music

education 2) 4,169 1,814 2,355 1,898 1,078 820 185 158 27

Speech and dramatic arts (excluding speech

corrections ) 7, 329 2, 984 4, 345 2, 071 1, 032 1, 039 26'.; 219 50

Fine and applied arts, all other, 6, 926 3, 370 3, 606 1, 253 790 463 50 33 17 Foreign languages and literature 19, 254 5, 253 14, 001 4, 849 2, 068 2, 781 707 503 204

French 7, 068 1, 228 5, 840 1, 301 390 911 152 94 58

German 2,368 961 1,407 771 344 427 117 89 28

Latin and/or classicz' 'reek 1, 243 613 630 348 194 154 89 63 26

Russian 666 282 384 187 88 99 15 10 5 Spanish 6, 381 1, 606 4, 775 1,188 500 688 123 84 39

Foreign languages and literature, all other 1, 528 563 965 1, 054 552 502 211 163 48

Forestry 1,586 1,569 17 315 312 3 87 87

Geography 2,623 2,050 573 549 461 88 96 94 2

Health professions 17, 429 3, 863 13, 566 13, 746 12, 919 827 3, 677 1, 852 1, 825 243 212 31

Dentistry (D.D,S, and D.M,D,) 3, 422 3, 375 47

Medical technology 2, 453 264 2,189 8 8

Medicine (M.D,) 7,944 7, 318 626

Nursing and/or public health nursing 9, 151 118 9, 033 1, 249 18 I, 231 4 4 Pharmacy 3,718 3,152 566 269 225 44 225 181 44 59 53 6

Veterinary medicine (D.V.M.) 1, 070 984 86

Health professions, all other 2,107 329 1,778 1,041 1,017 24 2,195 1,653 542 180 159 21 Home economics (excluding home economics education?) 7,350 198 7,152 966 51 915 71 20 51 Journalism 4, 363 2, 588 1, 775 730 538 192 32 27 5

Law (11.131,0 or higher degrees) 477 449 28 16, 454 15, 805 649 724 696 28 36 34 2

Library science 814 79 735 5,165 I, 051 4,114 22 15 7 Mathematical subjects 23, 513 14, 782 8, 731 5, 527 4, 199 1, 328 947 895 52

Mathematics 23, 202 14, 521 8, 681 5, 055 3, 802 1, 253 824 774 50

Statistics (including actuarial science) 311 261 50 472 397 75 123 121 2 Military science 2,029 2,028 1 Philosophy 5,751 4,716 1,035 654 545 109 218 251 27

Physical sciences 19, 380 16, 739 2, 641 5, 499 4, 869 630 3, 593 3, 405 188

Chemistry 10, 783 8, 851 1, 932 1, 977 1, 575 402 1, 723 1, 584 139

Geology I, 689 1, 513 176 591 544 47 246 240 6

Physics 5, 038 4, 745 293 2, 088 1, 993 95 1, 260 1, 234 26

Physical sciences, all oilier 1, 870 1, 630 240 843 757 86 364 347 17 Psychology 23, 819 13, 792 10, 027 3, 479 2, 321 1,158 I, 268 982 286

Religion 4, 575 3, 098 1, 477 3, 966 3, 861 105 2, 724 2,134 590 401 382 19

Social sciences 120, 668 76, 757 43, 911 20, 336 13, 952 6, 384 2, 821 2, 477 344

Economics (excluding agricultural economics).- 15, 193 13, 590 1, 603 1,916 1,720 196 600 565 35

History 35, 291 22, 857 12, 434 4, 845 3, 491 1, 354 688 598 90

Political science or government (excluding international relations and public administration)._ 20, 387 15,959 4,428 1,937 1,559 378 457 405 52

Sociology 21, 710 8,469 13,241 1,193 790 403 367 299 68

Social work, administration, welfare 2, 5ib 580 1, 938 4, 725 I, 943 2, 782 77 60 17 Social sciences, all other 25, 5,J9 15, 302 10, 267 5,720 4, 449 I, 271 632 550 82

Trade and industrial training 3, 173 3, 151 22 65 65 1 1 Other broad general curriculums and miscellaneous

fields 8, 683 5, 963 2, 720 50 49 1 2, 954 2, 271 683 174 153 21

I Degrees in architectural engineering are included under engineering.

2 Degrees in home economics education, music education, and speech correction

are included under education.

82

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Earned Degrees Conferred: 1967-68."
Table 113.-Number of first-professional degrees conferred in dentistry, medicine, and law, by sex: United States, 1949-50 to 1967-68

Dentistry (D.D.S. or D,M.1),) Medicine (KO Law (LLB, or J.D.)

Year Number of

institutions

Degrees conferred Number of

institutions

conferring

degrees

Degrees conferred Number of

institutions

degrees

10 =

conferring

degrees

Total Men Women Total

11.00:7,71=

7 Men Women.

2 3 4 5 6 1949-50 ........ -. - - 40 2,579 2,561 18 72 5,612 5,028 584 1950-51.---.......-- 40 2,803 2,768 35 72 6,014 5,563 451 195I.52 41 2, 918 2, 895 23 72 6, 201 5, 871 330 1952-53 41 2,935 2,920 15 72 6,686 6,326 360 1953-54 42 3,102 3,063 39 73 6,712 6,377 335

1954-55___...... 42 3,099 3,071 28 72 7,014 6,683 331 128 1955-56--....... - - 42 3,009 . 2,975 34 73 6,810 6,464 346 131 1956-57,......-.---.- 43 3,038 3,011 27 75 6,744 6,397 347 127 1957458 43 3,065 3,031 34 75 6,816 6,469 347 131 1958-59.-- .. 43 3, 150 3, 136 14 76 6,825 6,457 368 ;32

1959-60 45 3,247 3,221 26 79 7,032 6,645 387 134 1960-61.- ........ -- 46 3,265 3,247 18 79 6,940 6,610 330 134 1961-62 46 3,183 3,166 17 81 7,138 6,749 389 134 1962-S3 ., 46 3,169 3, 145 24 81 7;131 6, 831 400 134 1963-64 46 3,180 3,168 12 82 7, 303 6, 878 425 133

1964-65 45 3,107 3,085 22 81 7,304 6,832 472 134 ........... 47 3,178 3,146 32 84 7,673 7,170 503 136 1966-67 47 3,341 3,312 29 83 7,723 7,159 564 134 1967-68 48 3,422 3,375 47 85 7,944 7,318 626 138

Degrees conferred

Total 11 Men Women

12 13

8,209 7,921 288

8,262 7,974 288

8,794 8,525 269

9,394 9,122 272

9,856 9,599 257

9,240 9,010 230

9,429 9,182 247

9,364 9,091 273

9, 884 9, 582 302

10, 679 10, 372 307

11, 583 11, 216 367

13,246 12,776 470

14, 663 14, 112 551 16, 454 15, 805 649

t Data prior to 1954-55 are not shown because they tack comparability with the

figures for sUbseouent years,

NOTE: Data are for 50 States and the District of Columbia,

SOURCE: U,S, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, circulars on "Earned Degrees Conferred,"

Table 114.-Engineering degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by level of degree: United Table 115.-Earned degrees conferred by institutions of

States and outlying areas, 1948-49 to 1967-68 higher education: United States, 1869-70 to 1968-69

011.1002.C2 Year

All Bachelor's

engineering and first Master's Doctor's

degrees engineering degrees degrees

degrees

1 2 3 4 5

1948-49 50,415 45,200 4,798 417

1949-50 58,130 52, 732 4,904 494

1950-51 47,635 41,893 5,156 586

1951-52 35,013 30,286 4,141 586

1952-53 28, 499 24, 164 3,743 592

1953-54 27, 003 22, 236 4, 177 590

1954-55 27,672 22,589 4,484 599

1955-56 31,640 26,306 4,724 610

1956-57 37,039 31,211 5,232 596

1957-58 41,767 35,332 5,788 647

1958-59 45,601 38,134 6,753 714

1959-60 45,753 37,808 7,159 786 1960-61 ........._ . _ 44, 980 35,860 8,177 943

196142 44,851 34,735 8,909 1,207 196243 44, 471 33, 458 9, 635 1, 378

196344 47, 746 35, 226 10, 827 I, 693

196445 50,871 36,691 12,0% 2,124

1965-66 51, 795 35, 815 13, 677 2, 303 1966-67 52, 687 36,188 13, 885 2, 614 1967-68 55, 734 37, 614 15, 188 2, 932

I Also includes other postgraduate predoctoral degrees.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Engineering Degrees, 1965-66;" and "Earned Degrees Conferred," 1966-67

and 1967-68,

83

300-Q04 0 -7 0

Year Earned degrees conferred

All degrees

Bachelor's Master's,

and first except first Doctor's

professional professional 1 2 3 4 5 869-70 .......

879-

90

80

889-

899-1900

909-10

9,372

13, 829

16,703

29, 375

39, 755

919-20.-- 53, 51

929-30 139, 752

6

939-40 216, 21

941-42 213, 4591 943-44 141,582

945-46 157, 349

947-48 317, 607

949-50 496,661

951-52 401, 203

953-54 356,608

155-56 376,973

436,979

959-60 476 704

9E1-62 514,

, 323

963-64 614,194

965-66 709, 832

967-68 866, 548

968 -69I 971,300

9,371 0 1 12, 896 879 54

15, 539 1,015 149

27, 410 1, 583 382

37, 199 2, 113 443

48,622 4,279 615

122, 484 14, 969 2, 299

186, 500 26, 731 3, 290

185, 346 24, 648 3, 497

125, 863 13, 414 2, 305

136,174 19, 209 1, 966

271, 019 42, 400 4,188

432,058 58,183 6,420

329, 986 63, 534 7, 683

290, 825 56, 788 8, 995

308,812 59,258 8,903

362, 554 65, 487 8, 938

392, 440 74, 435 9, 829

417,846 84,855 11,622

498,654 101,050 14,490

551,040 140,555 18,237

666,710 176,749 23,089

755,000 190,000 26, 300

I Estimated by Office of Education.

NOTE: Beginning In 195940, includes Alaska and Hawaii.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Biennial Survey of Education in the United States"; and circulars on "Earned

Degrees Conferred,"
4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

1957-58

1961.62

1965-66

Physical

Sciences Engineering Biological

Sciences

Social Arts and Professional Education

Sciences Humanities Fields

Field of Doctorate

DOCTOR'S DEGREES CONFERRED BY INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION

According to a recent survey by the National Academy of Sciences, the number of doctor's de- grees conferred by American institutions of higher education more than doubled between 1957-58

and 1965-66from approximately 8,800 to

17,900. The number of degrees granted has been growing at an annual rate of 9.3 percent. If this growth rate continues for the remainder of this decade, there will be about 30,000 doctorates a

year awarded in the early 1970's. In the nine-year period covered by the survey, more degrees were conferred in the physical and

biological sciences than in any other fields. Distri- bution by field of study shows that 21.9 percent of the doctorates were conferred in the physical sci- ences; 16.9 percent, biological sciences; 16.6 percent, education; 16.4 percent, social sciences; 14.0 percent, arts and humanities; 10.5 percent, engi- nering; and 3.8 percent, professional fields, including business administration and religion and

theology. First professional degrees, such as doctor

of medicine, doctor of dental surgery, and doctor

of veterinary medicine, were not included in the tabulations. The growth in the number of doctorates by field of study is shown for selected years

in the accompanying chart.

During the years 1959-60 through 1965-66, a

total of 92,900 doctor's degrees were conferred.

The degrees were granted by 212 colleges and uni- versities, excluding a few unknown and defunct in- stitutions. A disproportionate number of doctorates were awarded, however, by a relatively few large

universities. Twenty-five institutions conferred

50,800, or 54.7 percent of all the doctorates, while 50 colleges and universities granted 70,400, or 75.8 percent of the total.

For additional information on doctor's degrees and persons receiving them, see Doctorate Re- cipients from United States Universities 1958-1966

(publication 1489). The report may be purchased

from the Printing and Publishing Office, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C. 20418. W. VANCE GRANT, specialist in educational statistics.

Figure 9. Doctor's degrees conferred by institutions of higher education: United States, selected years, 1957-58 to 1965-66

84
Table 116.-The 60 institutions of higher education conferring the largest number of doctoral degrees:' United States, 1958-59 to 1967-68

Institution

Rank

order"-

Total,

1958-59

to 1967-68

1958-59 1959-60 1960-61 1961-62 1962-63 1963-64 1964-65 1965-66 1966-67 1967-68

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Columbia University (N.Y.) 1 6,177 560 573 583 549 517 602 616 631 750 796

University of California at Berkeley 2 4,917 283 300 367 430 418 492 585 645 722 675

University of Wisconsin 3 4,879 373 365 397 435 428 458 531 545 627 720

University of Illinois 4 4,816 332 385 423 444 450 495 493 545 589 660

Harvard University (Massy 5 4,487 352 404 378 378 446 483 471 491 516 568

University of Michigan 6 3,927 307 291 357 364 379 403 364 439 475 548

New York University 7 3,483 271 282 313 299 349 362 345 385 438 439

Ohio State University 8 3,348 253 262 260 262 329 341 397 362 425 457

University of Minnesota 9 3,270 240 245 220 276 314 316 366 396 408 489

Stanford University (Calif.) 10 3,207 197 182 216 261 276 301 382 403 498 491

Indiana University 11 3,004 182 201 242 234 266 322 342 383 384 448

Purdue University (Ind.) 12 2,919 177 231 230 258 290 302 322 345 361 403

Michigan State University 13 2,852 145 173 191 210 223 303 368 355 423 461

Massachusetts Institdte of Technology 14 2,840 192 199 213 224 274 306 335 360 386 351 Cornell University (N.Y.) 15 2,798 211 220 241 261 212 259 312 319 358 405

University of Chicago (III.) 16 2,658 215 235 210 228 280 273 290 306 293 328

University of California at Los Angeles 17 2,654 170 171 163 202 224 269 306 311 396 442

Yale University (Conn.) 18 2,560 238 215 256 224 231 253 295 4 285 4 285 278

University of Texas 19 2,422 142 140 155 198 219 243 249 336 359 381

University of Pennsylvania 20 2,088 173 169 172 154 164 212 246 251 262 285

University of Iowa 21 2,055 152 146 147 173 205 223 224 225 282 278

Pennsylvania State University 22 2,036 129 149 174 157 202 201 232 258 258 276

Northwestern University (Ill.) 23 2,015 131 132 138 166 196 198 236 241 279 298

University of Southern California 24 2,002 153 169 146 142 169 175 205 241 261 341

University of Washington 25 1,889 133 123 114 142 161 182 226 252 266 290

Iowa State University of Science and Technology_ 26 1,843 104 127 147 165 174 201 216 208 248 253

Princeton University (N.J.) 27 1,760 118 133 141 167 172 192 171 222 215 229

University of Florida 28 1,412 74 84 102 121 99 129 159 185 215 244

University of Maryland 29 1,399 90 94 91 109 110 116 177 166 205 241 University of Missouri 5 30 1,383 76 92 90 93 100 1?,2 184 190 219 217

Case Western Reserve University (Ohio)° 31 1,374 72 81 88 102 146 148 180 145 177 235

University of Pittsburgh (Pa.) 32 1,361 99 65 113 139 137 135 158 169 161 185

Rutgers, The State University (N.J.) 33 1,353 98 102 83 91 111 147 172 160 191 198

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 34 1,332 90 85 94 114 117 138 162 164 155 213

Johns Hopkins University (Md.) 35 1,255 78 113 85 113 103 119 136 141 148 219

University of Colorado 36 1,194 53 58 78 91 108 123 148 189 153 193

Boston University (Mass.) 37 1,184 87 116 124 125 116 106 118 111 123 158

Duke University (N.C.) 38 1,173 65 75 81 92 106 115 141 159 158 181 Syracuse University (N.Y.) 39 1,110 77 71 82 80 90 102 132 131 152 193

University of Kansas 40 1,105 64 72 79 78 92 107 128 139 160 186

Catholic University of America (D.C.) 41 1,093 76 64 83 110 118 107 129 130 133 143

Florida State University 42 1,062 44 52 65 90 84 81 126 131 182 207

University of Oklahoma 43 1,044 55 46 52 68 91 107 122 155 176 172 University of Nebraska 44 1,033 60 70 77 69 91 101 99 135 171 160

University of Oregon 45 1,009 40 42 47 66 70 93 124 152 172 203

Louisiana State University 46 1,007 67 60 81 75 104 99 95 117 148 161 University of Rochester (N.Y.) 47 994 76 76 60 82 93 86 104 119 144 154

Oklahoma State University_ 48 955 35 40 53 56 63 94 120 144 182 168

Wayne State University (Mich.) 49 920 46 48 52 69 89 90 111 124 143 148

University of Utah 50 891 52 56 55 67 81 81 92 114 151 142

California Institute of Technology 51 881 46 65 73 84 90 101 98 104 110 110

University of Tennessee 52 825 56 47 41 60 77 77 91 98 103 175

Colorado State College 53 809 32 28 49 78 71 81 78 101 100 191 Oregon State University 54 801 33 46 52 66 66 82 99 119 93 145

Texas A. & M. University 55 791 46 27 33 59 45 73 86 130 136 156

Carnegie-Mellon University (Pa.) 56 769 49 46 54 77 75 88 73 92 104 111 University of Virginia 57 745 44 57 49 62 58 73 64 90 119 129

University of Connecticut 58 727 48 53 34 47 63 62 85 105 119 111 University of Arizona 59 723 17 25 28 40 44 63 99 115 154 138

Brown University (R.I.) 60 722 41 44 51 67 64 82 77 96 91 109

I Includes Ph.D., Ed.D., and comparable degrees at the doctoral level. Excludes

first-professional degrees, such as M.D., D.D.S., and D.V.M.

2 Institutions ranked by total number of doctoral degrees conferred during the

10-year period 1958-59 to 1967-68.

3 Includes degrees conferred by Radcliffe College.

4 Estimated by Office of Education.

85

5 Includes degrees conferred by the University of Kansas City, which became a

branch of the University of Missouri in 1963-64.

Includes degrees conferred by Case Institute of Technology and Western

Reserve University prior to their merger in 1966-67.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, circulars on "Earned Degrees Conferred."
Table 117.Current-fund revenue of institutions of higher education, by control and source: United States and outlying areas, 1965-66

(Amounts in thousands of dollars]

Current-fund revenue, by control of institution

Source Public and private Public Private

Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent 1 2 3 4 6 7 Total current fund revenue $12,796,207 100.0 $7,397,612 100.0 $5,391,534 100.0

Educational and general revenue 10, 340, 164 80.8 6, 047, 297 81, 7 4, 292, 867 79, 5

Tuition and fees from students 2, 679, 605 21, 0 854, 458 11, 5 1, 825,147 33.8 Federal Government 2, 663, 973 20.8 1, 368,194 18. 5 1, 295, 779 24.0 Research 2, 037, 766 15.9 894, 837 12, 1 1,142, 929 21. 2 Other revenue from Federal Government 626, 207 4.9 473, 357 6.4 152, 850 2.8 State governments 3, 012, 003 23, 5 2, 926, 794 39.6 85, 209 1.6 Local governments 318, 028 2.5 310, 600 4.2 7, 428 0. 1 Endowment earnings 316, 292 2. 5 29, 949 0. 4 286, 344 5, 3 Private gifts and grants 642, 698 5, 0 156, 358 2. 1 486, 340 9. 0 Other educational and general revenue 707, 565 5. 5 400, 944 5, 4 306, 620 5. 7

Auxiliary enterprise revenue 2,142, 640 16.7 1,210,202 16.4 932, 438 17. 3 Studentaid grants 313, 403 2.5 140,173 1.9 173, 230 3.2

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education, Current Funds Revenues and Expenditures, 1965-66."

Table 118.Current-fund revenue of institutions of higher education from State and local governments related to

total current-fund revenue, by control of institution and by State: 1965-66

State

Current-fund revenue from State and local

governments

State

Current-fund revenue from State and local

governments

Publicly controlled

institutions I Privately controlled

institutions Publicly controlled

institutions I Privately controlled

institutions

Amount (in

thousands

of dollars)

Percent of

total

current-fund

revenue Amount (in

thousands

of dollars)

Percent of

total

currentfund

revenue Amount (in

thousands

of dollars)

Percent of

total

current-fund

revenue Amount (in

thousands

of dollars)

Percent of

total

current-fund

revenue

1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 United States $3,252,324 44.9 $96,793 1.8 Missouri $74, 566 $52. 0 $203 .2

Montana 15, 199 42.9 Alabama 42, 781 36.5 879 2.8 Nebraska 23,190 37.3 61 .2 Alaska 6,145 41.4 Nevada 7, 292 48.0 Arizona 37, 205 41.1 New Hampshire 8, 077 34. 0 Arkansas 27,067 44.1 30 .2 California 566, 682 48.3 1, 020 1 New Jersey 46, 217 44.3 383 .3

New Mexico 21, 718 34.7 Colorado

Connecticut

48, 634 33.9 New York 280, 583 66.4 47, 977 5.3

Delaware

26, 667 56.2 420 .3 North Carolina 61, 470 36.8 150 .1 7, 903 31.3 North Dakota 15, 165 39.8 District of Columbia 1, 012 88.0

Florida 91, 764 52.0 1, 872 2.6 Ohio 91,175 29.6 105 . 1 Georgia Oklahoma 43, 248 34.7 11 .1

Hawaii

52, 540 45. 5 142 .2 Oregon_ 52,181 42.0 4 (2) 20,486 44.2 Pennsylvania 62, 113 :23. 3 38, 546 7.5 Idaho

Illinois

19, 691 55.7 Rhode Island 11,233 51.4 134 .3 208, 569 59.0 1, 679 .5 Indiana 93,570 38.9 139 .1 South Carolina 25, 703 46.4 89 .3

Iowa South Dakota 16, 391 43.7 16 .2 65,150 40.1° 2 (2) Tennessee 42,045 43.7 100 .1

Kentucky

Kansas 47,422 45.3 14 .1 Texas 186,767 46.5 170 .1 53, 221 46. 1 Utah 25, 494 35.3 5 (2) Louisiana 72,900 57.0 358 .8 Maine 10, 538 38.2 11 . 1 Vermont 6,653 32.2 68 .3

Maryland Virginia 46,746 33.4

Massachusetts

49, 873 43.2 1, 441 1. 1 Washington 90, 518 49.2 67 .2 35, 278 57.8 518 1 West Virginia 32, 925 51.6

Minnesota

Michigan 190,000 39.0 30 (2) Wisconsin 85, 922 38.5 138 .2

Mississippi 60,184 33.3 13 (2) Wyoming 11, 309 45.3 33, 138 38.1

Excludes U.S. Service Schools.

2 Less than 0.05 percent.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education," Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education, Current-Funds Revenues and Expenditures, 1965-66."

86
Table 119,-Current-fund revenue of institutions of higher education, by control and by State: 1963-64 and 1965-66

(Amounts in thousands of dollars(

State

1963-64 1965-66 Percentage change, 1963-64 to 1965-66

Total Public Private Total Public Private Total Public Private

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

IlsitsiStates $1.543.514 $5.326.115 $4.216.559 $12,134,225 $1.345.174 $5.315.550 33 3$ 2$

Alabama 99, 233 79, 427 19, 805 148,138 117,188 30, 950 49 48 56 Alaska 13,914 12,577 1,337 16,610 14,854 1,756 19 18 31 Arizona 66,053 64,803 1,250 92,243 90,617 1,626 40 40 30 Arkansas 57,108 46,841 10,267 76,461 61,345 15,116 34 31 47 California 1,432,304 922,025 510,280 1,888,445 1,173,434 715,009 32 27 40

Colorado 125, 058 98, 889 26,170 177, 455 143, 255 34,199 42 45 31 Connecticut 132,139 36, 945 95,194 184, 877 47, 474 137, 403 40 28 44 Delaware 18, 211 16, 544 1, 667 27, 426 25, 283 2,143 51 53 29 District of Columbia 114, 404 1, 760 112, 644 145, 000 1,150 143, 850 27 35 28 Florida 168, 789 120, 004 48, 785 247, 615 176, 472 71, 144 47 47 46

Georgia 128, 722 81, 602 47,121 183, 993 115, 493 68, 499 43 42 45 Hawaii 32, 323 30, 088 2, 236 49, 125 46, 348 2, 777 52 54 24 Idaho 27, 295 23,108 4,188 38,242 35,366 2,877 40 53 -31 Illinois 598, 001 251,683 346, 318 671, 933 353, 781 318,151 12 41 -8 Indiana 265, 538 186, 383 79,155 341, 243 240, 826 100, 417 29 29 2 7

Iowa 171,635 119,552 52,082 234,331 162,406 71,925 37 36 38 Kansas 111, 302 94, 690 16, 612 127, 283 104, 724 22, 559 14 11 36 Kentucky 95,562 71,377 24,185 152,122 115,516 36,606 59 62 51 Louisiana 129, 402 93, 007 36, 395 174, 038 127, 981 46, 057 34 38 27 Maine 35, 012 19, 870 15, 142 47,176 27, 554 19, 622 35 39 30

Maryland 195,193 79, 868 115, 324 246, 685 115, 329 131, 356 26 44 14 Massachusetts 531,241 41,959 489,282 671,690 61,067 610,623 26 46 25 Michigan 395,800 339,674 56, 126 580, 987 486,840 94, 147 47 43 68 Minnesota 188, 035 142, 277 45, 758 239, 918 180, 497 59, 421 28 27 30 Mississippi 69, 011 59, 913 9, 098 99, 190 86, 969 12, 221 44 45 34

Missouri 191, 570 89, 356 102, 214 269, 961 143, 477 126, 483 41 61 24 Montana 30, 084 27, 396 2, 688 38, 570 35, 462 3, 108 28 29 16 Nebraska 65, 352 46, 672 18, 680 88, 996 62,156 26, 840 36 33 44 Nevada 10, 863 10, 863 15, 203 15, 203 40 40 New Hampshire 41, 743 15, 400 26, 343 35, 706 23, 759 11, 946 -14 54 -55

New Jersey 185, 900 75, 775 110,125 237, 022 104, 342 132, 680 27 38 20 New Mexico 48, 713 46, 845 1, 868 65, 275 62, 552 2, 723 34 34 46 New York 981,375 250,537 730,839 1,331,862 422,696 909,166 36 69 24 North Carolina 220, 665 124, 810 95, 854 280, 027 167,154 112 873 27 34 18 North Dakota 29, 529 28, 511 1, 018 38, 775 38, 066 709 31 34 -30

Ohio 380, 611 230, 732 149, 879 517,153 308,178 208, 974 36 34 39 Oklahoma 110, 092 97,169 12, 923 144, 591 124, 530 20, 061 31 28 55 Oregon 102,667 83,381 19,286 150,262 124,115 26,147 46 49 36 Pennsylvania 498, 785 118, 559 380, 226 678,153 162,126 516, 027 36 37 36 Rhode Island 50, 516 16, 438 34, 078 69, 926 21, 861 48, 065 38 33 41

South Carolina 64, 696 42,158 22, 538 88, 738 55, 344 33, 394 37 31 48 South Dakota 33, 811 27, 663 6,148 46, 854 37, 525 9, 329 39 36 52 Tennessee 141,389 67,330 74, 059 195, 545 96, 160 99,384 38 43 34 Texas 360, 150 264, 596 95, 553 530, 262 401,974 128, 287 47 52 34 Utah 74, 072 49, 779 24, 293 106, 530 72,143 34, 388 44 45 42

Vermont 33, 471 16, 371 17,100 46,155 20, 661 25, 494 38 26 49 Virginia

Washington

145, 718 104, 395 41, 323 185, 734 139, 945 45, 789 27 34 11 West Virginia

160, 475 135,135 25, 340 216, 928 183, 940 32,988 35 36 30

Wisconsin

57, 533 46, 391 11,142 79, 417 63, 856 15, 561 38 38 40

188, 838 142,173 46, 664 291, 564 223, 388 68,175 54 57 46

Wyoming 16, 384 16, 384 24, 984 24, 984 52 52 U.S. Service Schools 117, 226 117, 226 97, 805 97, 805 -17 -17

Myles was_ 47,116 41,765 6,051 61,912 52,491 9,414 30 26 57 Canal Zone_ 359 359 610 610 70 70 Guam 582 582 904 904 55 55 Puerto Rico 46, 822 40, 771 6, 051 59, 354 49, 870 9, 484 27 22 57 Virgin Islands 54 54 1,114 1,114 1,963 1,963

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education, Current Funds Revenues and Expenditures, 1965-66."

87
Table 120.-Income of institutions of higher education: United States and

outlying areas, 1909-10 to 1965-66

tin thousands of dollars!

Item 1909-10 1919-20 1929-30 1939-40 1949-50 1959-60 1963-64 1965-66

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Currentfund income $12,007 $200,136 $556,845 $720,095 $2,390,019 $5,$12,759 $9,591,330 $12,196,201

Educational and general 73, 041 173, 143 485, 348 575, 796 1, 846, 825 4, 712, 548 7, 830, 033 10, 340,164

Student tuition and fees 19, 426 42, 263 144, 624 201, 831 395, 855 1,161, 753 1, 899, 455 2, 679, 605 Federal Government:

Veterans' tuition and fees 1 308, 432 3,483 Land-grant institutions 2

Research 2 2, 998

(3)

4, 709

(3)

16,339

(3)

31,889

(3)

48,245 88,297

828,734

119,756

1,797,095 2 663,973 Other purposes 1,815 8,074 4,269 7,648 1S2, 356 120, 384 253, 898 State governments 4 5 21, 203 5 61, 864 5 152, 335 153, 690 500, 289 1, 389, 271 2, 133, 665 3, 012, 003 Local governments_ (5) (5)

Endowment earnings (5) 24, 392 61, 378 151, 715 240, 355 318, 028

Private gifts and grants

12, 681 26, 485 68,620 71,364 96,370 206,666 266,214 316,292

Related activities

53, 551 7, 585 26,203 40,576 118,705 383,186 551,507 642,698

) )

(3) 32, 894 112, 437 244, 894 363, 584 Sales and services of educational departments

Other educational and general (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) 45, 425 65, 063 707, 565

1 1 , 367 232,163 72, 908 11,512 34, 758 88, 739 139, 441

Auxiliary enterprises

Student-aid income 7

8, 966 26, 993 60, 470 144, 299 513, 096 1, 005, 963 1, 610, 426 2,142, 640

Other current income (3) (3) (3) (3) 16,288 94,248 150,871 313,403 11,027 13,870

Plantfund receipts 6 19,155 19,219 82,831 66,306 530,435 1,311,901 2,534,182 3,487,401

Federal Government

State governments 22,987 12,362 57,599 134,215 333,668

Local governments 11, 476 11, 319 31, 374 / 18, 486 285, 234 320, 401 632,100 738, 739

Private gifts and grants 2,154 19, 373 36, 304 62, 694 81, 268

Loa ns-noninstitutional sources

6 8, 379 7,900 51,457 22,679 72,629 196,464 314,569 366,128 (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) 363, 514 744, 451 1, 513, 648 Loans-institutional sources

Transfers from other funds (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) 31, 873 64,132 77, 556

Miscellaneous receipts (3)

(3)

(3)

(3)

(3)

(3)

(3)

(3)

60,914

79, 923

228, 597

77, 155

422, 777

159, 243

} 376 394

Other fund receipts (I) (8) (I) (I) g 117,190 499,005 629,605 820,408

Private gifts and grants

Other sources 11,156 51, 514 63, 514 36, 366 66,939 209,147 308,693 327, 087 (I) (S) (I) 5,778 50,251 289, 858 320, 911 493, 321

Net increase in principal of funds (e) (5) (I) (I) (I) 419,356 484,111 662,863

Endowment funds 0

Annuity funds 375, 179 444,817 662,863

Student loan funds 11,854 25, 350 (8)

32,324 13, 944 (8)

Tuition and fees received from veterans under Public Law 550 are reported

under student fees and not under income from the Federal Government.

2 Income from the Federal Government for research at agricultural experiment

stations administered by land-grant institutions was reported under land-grant

institutions and not under research.

3 Data not separately collected.

.1 Includes Federal aid received through State channels and regional compacts. 5 Income from State and local governments tabulated under State.

6 Does not include separately organized professional schools, for which data were not collected.

7 Specifically designated or earmarked funds.

Data not collected.

g Does not include interfund transfers.

0 Includes funds functioning as endowment.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, surveys of "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education."

Table 121.-Estimated tuition and fees, and room and board rates, in institutions of higher education, by type and control of institution: United States, 1959-60 to 1969-70

Year and control of institution

Tuition and required fees

All Univerinstitu- sities

tions

Board rates Charges for dormitory rooms

Other

4-year 2-year All

institu- institu- institutions tions tions

Universities

Other

4-year 2-year All

institu- institu- institutions tions lions

Universities

Other

4-year 2-year

institu- institutions tions

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1959-6 0:

Public

Nonpublic

200 235 156 79 414 421 400 348 206 225 174 136

1964-65:

794 927 734 435 461 489 453 406 258 285 239 195

Public

Nonpublic

243 298 224 99 436 462 402 361 271 291 241 178

1969-70:

1,088 1,297 1,023 702 488 515 479 464 331 390 308 289

Nonpublic

Public 332 447 329 148 506 553 450 412 358 390 338 267 1,542 1,822 1,447 1,111 560 609 539 651 474 562 437 449

NOTE: Data are for the entire academic year and are average charges per fulltime resident degree-credit student. They have not been adjusted for changes in the purchasing power of to dollar.

88

SOURCE: Estimated from Office of Education surveys of "Higher Education Basic

Student Charges" and "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education."
Table 122.Basic student charges by institutions of higher education for tuition

and fees, board, and room, by control and level of institution: United States and

outlying areas, 1966-67

Type of charge and type of institution

Charges to full-time undergraduate

students

Charges to full-time undergraduate

students

Publicly controlled

institutions Privately

controlled

institutions

Type of charge and type of institution Publicly controlled

institutions Privately

controlled

institutions Resident

students

Nonresident

students

Resident

students

Nonresident

students

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Tuition and fees, board, and room: Room charges:

Universities $1,171 $1,619 $2,456 Universities 321 321 452

Other 4-year institutions_ 947 1,258 2,007 Other 4-year institutions 271 271 355

2-year institutions 710 1,035 1,679 2-year institutions 213 213 347

Tuition and required fees: Board charges:

Universities 360 808 1,456 Universities 490 490 548

Other 4-year institutions 259 570 1,162 Other 4-year institutions 417 417 490

2-year institutions 121 446 845 2-year institutions 376 376 487

NOTE: The averages shown are for the entire academic year. In the computation

of these averages the data from each institution were weighted by the total degreecredit enrollment in the institution.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Higher Education Basic Student Charges, 1966-67."

Table 123.Current-fund expenditures of institutions of higher education, by

purpose and control: United States and outlying areas, 1965-66

(Amounts in thousands of dollars]

Current-fund expenditures, by control of institution

Purpose Public and private Public Private

Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Total current-fund expenditures ;12,569,943 100.0 57,114,702 100.0 55,455,240 100.0 Educational and general expenditures 10, 003, 996 79. 6 5, 795, 253 81. 4 4, 208, 743 77. 2

General administration and general expense 1, 259, 938 10. P 614, 439 8. 6 645, 498 11.8

Instruction and departmental research 3, 780, 709 30. 1 2, 376, 491 33. 4 1, 404, 219 25.7

Extension and public services 442, 718 3. 5 396, 461 5. 6 46, 256 .9

Libraries 347, 645 2.8 201, 253 2.8 146, 392 2.7

Plant operation and maintenance 847, 815 6. 7 491, 855 6.9 355, 960 6.5

Other sponsored activities 159,145 1.3 104, 413 1.5 54, 733 1.0

Organized research 2, 452, 982 19. 5 1,149,643 16. 2 1, 303, 339 23.9

Organized activities 559, 471 4. 5 350, 280 4.9 209, 191 3. q

All other educational and general expenditures 153, 574 1. 2 110, 417 1.5 43, 157 . a Auxiliary enterprise expenditures 1, 891, 086 15.0 1, 044, 079 14. 7 847, 006 15.5

Student-aid expenditures 429,225 3. 4 156, 440 2.2 272, 786 5.0

Current funds expended for capital outlay which were not reported in items above 245, 636 2.0 118, 931 1.7 126, 704 2.3

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education, Current Funds Revenues and

Expenditures, 1965-66."

89
Table 124.-Current-fund expenditures of institutions of higher education, by

control and by State: 1963-64 and 1965-66

[Amounts in thousands of dollars

State

1963-64 1965-66 Percentage change, 1963-64 to 1965-66

Total Public Private Total Public Private Total Public Private

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

United States $9,177,677 $5,073,277 $4,104,400 $12,509,489 $7,063,239 $5,446,250 36 39 33 Alabama 96, 419 77, 266 19,153 145,150 113, 313 31, 836 51 47 66

Alaska 13,211 12,022 1,190 19,020 17,066 1,954 44 42 64

Arizona 63,536 62,211 1,325 89,560 87,978 1,583 41 41 19

Arkansas 52, 247 42, 282 9, 963 72, 924 58, 359 14, 565 40 38 46

California 1, 375, 663 879,292 496, 371 It 850, 961 1, 116, 756 734, 207 35 27 48

Colorado 121, 313 95, 654 25, 659 172, 222 138, 478 33, 745 42 45 32

Connecticut_ 127,819 35,193 92,627 188,411 52,013 136,398 47 48 47

Delaware 16,920 15,493 1,428 22. 312 20, 197 2,116 32 30 48

District of Columbia 109, 480 1, 721 107, 759 143, 369 1, 126 142, 244 31 35 32

Florida 161, 435 113, 907 47, 528 242, 768 172, 668 70,100 50 52 47

Georgia 122,452 76,971 45,481 178,214 111,254 66,960 46 45 47

Hawaii 31,363 29,180 2,184 47,766 44, 946 2,820 52 54 29

Idaho 24, 871 20,789 4,082 37,'148 33, 893 3, 254 49 63 -20

Illinois_ 571, 648 231, 394 340, 254 762, 379 337, 832 424, 546 33 46 25

Indiana 252, 592 174, 760 77, 832 334, 243 235, 905 98, 337 32 35 26

Iowa 161,690 112,004 49,685 223,299 153,697 69,603 38 37 40

Kansas 107,072 91,054 16,018 125,263 103,698 21,565 17 14 35

Kentucky 92,698 69, 593 23, 105 143,722 107, 128 36, 593 55 54 58

Louisiana 127,679 90, 985 36, 694 169, 954 124, 821 45,133 33 37 23

Maine 34, 238 19, 523 14,716 46, 300 26, 939 19, 360 35 38 32

Maryland 189, 534 77, 697 III, 836 241, 417 113, 609 127, 809 27 46 14 Massachusetts 510, 965 40, 575 470, 390 654, 749 58, 507 596, 242 28 44 27

Michigan 382, 516 327,938 54, 578 562, 177 470, 036 92, 140 47 43 69

Minnesota 175, 425 131, 578 43, 848 230, 768 172, 333 58, 435 32 31 33

Mississippi 67, 058 58, 443 8,615 96,955 85,214 11,740 45 46 36

Missouri 183, 006 82, 645 100, 361 254, 812 128, 268 126, 544 39 55 26

Montana 28, 841 26, 085 2, 757 36, 893 33, 561 3, 332 28 29 21

Nebraska 64, 265 46, 208 18, 057 87, 320 60, 294 27, 025 36 30 50

Nevada 10, 706 10, 706 15, 617 15, 617 46 46

New Hampshire 40, 684 15, 034 25, 650 33, 415 22, 007 11, 408 -18 46 -56

New Jersey 178, 400 72, 877 105, 523 226, 003 100, 378 125, 625 27 38 19

New Mexico 47,194 45, 407 1, 788 65, 427 62, 876 2, 551 39 38 43

New York 951, 591 235,771 715, 820 1, 298, 062 401, 839 896,223 36 70 25

North Carolina 206,756 114,980 91,776 276,360 159,296 117,064 34 39 28

North Dakota 28, 211 27,150 1,062 37, 819 37, 101 719 34 37 -32

Ohio 364,447 218,371 146,076 502,717 296,515 206,204 38 36 41 Oklahoma 106,197 93, 303 12, 894 139, 728 121,138 18, 590 32 30 44

Oregon 101,044 82,362 18,682 150,082 124,611 25,472 49 51 36

Pennsylvania 495,730 117,340 378,390 666,766 159,888 506,879 35 36 34

Rhode Island 48, 155 16,082 32, 073 69,412 22, 017 47, 395 44 37 48

South Carolina 62,459 40,718 21,742 91,454 55,320 36,134 46 36 66

South Dakota 32,643 26,626 6,017 43, 003 33, 979 9,023 32 28 50

Tennessee 136,906 64,124 72,782 186,756 90,718 96,037 36 41 32

Texas 333,571 241,464 92,107 502,494 374,831 127,662 51 55 39

Utah 71,042 47,179 23,863 102,945 69,608 33,337 45 48 40

Vermont 31, 616 15, 759 15, 857 44, 908 20, 299 24, 609 42 29 55

Virginia 142, 522 103, 375 39, 147 181,237 136,607 44,631 27 32 14 Washington 153, 388 128, 825 24, 563 209, 853 176, 153 33, 701 37 37 37

West Virginia 53, 377 42, 926 10, 451 74, 420 60, 020 14, 400 39 40 38

Wisconsin 186,388 141,745 44,643 288,789 220,388 68,402 55 55 53

Wyoming 15, 837 15, 837 23, 086 23, 086 46 46

U.S. Service Schools 112, 854 112, 854 99, 063 99, 063 -12 -12

Outlying areas 47,312 41,217 6,094 60,454 51,464 8,990 28 25 48

Canal Zone 359 359 610 610 70 70

Guam 529 529 717 717 36 36

Puerto Rico 46, 370 40,276 6,094 58, 088 49, 098 8,990 25 22 48

Virgin Islands 54 54 1, 039 1, 039 1, 824 1, 824

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

90

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education, Current Funds

Revenues and Expenditures, 1965-66."
Table 125.-Personal income, 1965, related to educational and general expend- itures for higher education and to educational and general funds received from

State and local governments, by State: 1965-66

State

Personal

income, 1965

Educational and general expenditures for higher education,

1965-66 1

Educational and general funds

from State and local govern- merits, 1965-66 (millions

of dollars) Amount

(thousands

of dollars)

Percent of

personal

income

Amount

(thousands

of dollars)

Percent of

personal

income

1 2 3 4 5 6 United States $535,949 $9,856,898 1.84 $3,300,767 0.62 Alabama

Alaska 6, 710 109, 831 1.64 43, 558 .65

Arizona 858 15, 872 1.85 6,117 .71

Arkansas 3, 780 69,167 1.83 37, 203 .98

California 3, 577 51, 317 1.43 26, 963 .75 60, 234 1, 655, 255 2.75 566, 719 .94

Colorado

Connecticut 5, 302 132, 764 2. 50 47, 901 .90

Delaware 9,805 143,454 1.46 26, 894 .27

District of Columbia 1, 690 17, 245 1.02 7, 653 .45

Florida 2, 962 113, 249 3.82 1, 012 .03 14, 193 188, 733 1.33 92, 494 .65

Georgia

Hawaii 9, 543 139, 842 1.47 52, 278 . 55

Idaho 2, 018 44, 429 2.20 20, 479 1.01

Illinois 1,672 28,010 1.68 19,262 1.15

Indiana 35, 146 630, 053 1.79 208, 393 .59 13,996 237,395 1.70 93,695 .67

Iowa

Kansas 7, 567 174, 224 2.30 65, 151 .86

Kentucky 6,020 92,788 1.54 47,437 .79

Louisiana 6, 533 111, 938 1.71 53, 221 .81

Maine 7, 405 130, 673 1.76 71, 998 .97 2, 274 31, 737 1.40 10, 403 .45

Maryland

Massachusetts 10, 690 206,166 1.93 50, 050 .47

Michigan 16, 470 524, 594 3. 19 34, 669 .21

Minnesota 25, 398 420, 614 1.66 185, 878 .73

Mississippi 9, 545 180, 512 1.89 60, 035 .63 3, 748 67, 395 1.80 32, 753 .87

Missouri

Montana 11, 961 205, 582 1.72 74, 679 .62

Nebraska 1, 724 26, 074 1.51 15,188 .88

Nevada 3, 854 66, 438 1.72 23, 249 .60

New Hampshire 1,437 14,102 .98 7,292 .51 1, 737 23, 511 1.35 8, 076 .46

New Jersey

New Mexico 22,148 180, 008 .81 45, 648 .21

New York 2, 269 50, 428 2.22 21, 710 .96

North Carolina 59, 674 1, 052, 240 1.76 308, 930 .52

North Dakota 10,135 208, 993 2.06 61, 043 .60 1, 504 28,726 1.91 15, 077 1.00

Ohio

Oklahoma 29, 318 379, 227 1.29 85, 524 .29

Oregon_ 5, 657 94, 535 1.68 43, 242 .76

Pennsylvania 5, 368 118,100 2.20 52, 023 .97

Rhode Island 31,926 512, 456 1.61 100,213 .31 2, 512 50, 390 2.01 11, 306 .45

South Carolina

South Dakota 4, 733 65, 322 1.38 25, 784 54

Tennessee 1,527 30, 572 2.00 16, 288 1.07

Texas 7,859 142,913 1.82 42,146 .54

Utah 24, 895 388, 099 1.56 186, 632 .75 2, 355 75, 891 3.22 24, 160 1. 03

Vermont

Virginia 958 31, 856 3.33 6, 717 .70

Washington 10, 725 130, 630 1.22 43, 452 .41

West Virginia 8,668 170, 230 1.96 90, 520 1.04

Wisconsin 3, 687 55, 717 1.51 32, 842 .89

Wyoming 11, 331 219,163 1.93 85, 557 , 76

851 18,138 2.13 11, 256 1.32

Excludes U.S. Service Schools.

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Edu91

cation, "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education, Current Funds

Revenues and Expenditures, 1965-66." U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Business Economics, "Survey of Current Business," April 1969.
Table 126.-Expenditures of institutions of higher education: United States and

outlying areas, 1929-30 to 1965-66

(In thousands of dollars)

Item

1 1929-30 1939-40 1949-50 1951-52

2 3 4 5 1953-54 1955-56 1957-58 1959-60 1963-64 1965-66

6 7 8 9 10 11 Current -fund expenditures

Educational and general

$508,471 $618,560 $2,259,941 $2,486,229 52,902,466 $3,524,744 $4,543,562 $5,627,962 19,224,988 $12,569,943

379, 055 525, 539 It 717, 913 It 933, 645 2, 288, 351 2, 788, 799 3, 634,142 4, 536, 056 7, 466, 390 10, 003, 996

General administration and

general expense 43, 030 63,105 214, 477 235, 426

Instruction and departmental

research 222, 067 281;677 785, 420 827, 737 Extension and public services 24, 982 35, 913 88, 389 99, 287 Libraries 9,654 19, 575 56, 484 60,948 Plant operation and maintenance 61, 205 69, 851 226, 246 241, 564 Organized research_ 18,117 28,121 227,344 320,362 Related activities (1) 27, 297 119, 553 148, 321 Sales and services expenditures___ (1) (1) (1) (1)

290, 533 358, 380 478,166

966, 769 1, 148, 510 1, 477, 350

114,680 141,074 178,928

73, 438 86,133 110, 510

280, 047 326, 260 408, 938

374, 922 506, 097 733, 887

187,962 222, 345 238,924

(1) (1) 7, 439

587, 336

1, 802, 871

208,378

135,913

473,682

1, 024, 399

294, 344

9,134

964, 213 It 259, 938

2, 820, 631 3, 780, 709

298,185 442,718

237, 851 347, 645

689, 327 847, 815

1, 982, 892 2, 452, 982

459,458 559,471

13,832 312,719

Auxiliary enterprises (2) 124, 466 477, 983 Student-aid expenditures (2) (2)

Other current expenditures 129, 416 28, 555 64, 045

479, 333 539, 326 639, 721 778, 034 917, 943 1, 455, 227 1, 891, 086

39, 795 74, 789 96,224 131, 386 173,963 303, 371 429,225 33,456 245,636

Gross additions to plant value 3 125,357 83,848 418,528 405,665 533,128 685,550 1,121,674 1,319,514 2,440,917 3,129,388

1 Data not collected separately.

2 Data not tabulated separately.

3 Includes expenditures from plant and current funds, gifts and grants of plant

assets, and increases in value due to reappraisal or other adjustments.

Table 127.-Physical plant value per student in institutions of higher education, by control and level: United States and outiying areas, 1964 and 1966

Control and level

1

Institutions Plant value

Number 2 Enrollment I 3

Total 2 Per

student 4 5

1964

All institutions 2,140 4,528,516 $21,335,751 $4,711

4-year institutions 1, 503 3, 900,710 19, 844, 976 5, 088 2-year institutions 637 627, 806 1, 490, 775 2, 375

Publicly controlled institutions 765 2, 872, 823 12, 499, 916 4, 351

4-year institutions 387 2, 319, 521 11, 377, 743 4,905 2-year institutions 378 553, 302 1, 122. 173 2, 028

Privately controlled institutions___ 1, 375 1, 655, 693 8, 835, 835 5, 337

4-year institutions 1,116 1, 581,189 8, 467, 233 5, 355 2-year institutions 259 74, 504 368, 602 4, 947

1966 All institutions 2,238 5,570,271 26,915,670 4,832

4-year institutions 1,556 4, 725, 027 24, 699, 404 5,227 2-year institutions 682 845, 244 2, 216, 267 2, 622

Publicly controlled institutions___ 825 3, 654, 578 15, 868, 018 4, 342

4-year institutions 403 2, 914, 660 14, 181, 202 4, 865 2-year institutions 422 739, 918 1, 686, 81/ 2, 280

Privately controlled institutions 1, 413 1, 915, 693 11, 047, 651 5, 767

4-year institutions 1, 153 1, 810, 367 10, 518, 202 5, 810 2-year institutions 260 105, 326 529, 450 5, 027

1 Resident and extension

fall 1963 and fall 1965.

2 in thousands of dollars.

SOURCE: U.S. Department

tion, "Financial Statistics of I

degree-credit enrollment, full-time and part-time,

of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educanstitutions of Higher Education, Property, 1965-66."

92

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, surveys of "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education."

Table 128.-Endowment funds per student in institutions of higher education, by control and level: United States and outlying areas, 1964 and 1966

Type of institution, by control En rolland level Number ment 1

1

Endowment funds 2

Total 3 Per

student 2 3 4 5 1964 All institutions_ 2,140 4,528,516 $6,954,696 $1,536

4-year institutions _____ ____ 1, 503 3, 900, 710 6, 882, 977 1, 765 2-year institutions 637 627, 806 71, 720 114

Publicly controlled institutions 765 2, 872, 823 1, 275, 669 444

4-year institutions 387 2, 319, 521 1, 260, 857 544

2-year institutions _____ - 378 553, 302 14, 812 27

Privately controlled institutions 1, 375 1, 655, 693 5, 679, 027 3, 430

4-year institutions 1, 116 1, 581,189 5, 622,120 3, 556 2-year institutions 259 74, 504 56, 907 764

1966 All institutions 2,138 5,570,271 8,767,993 1,574

4-year institutions 1, 556 4, 725, 027 8, 675, 837 1, 836 2-year institutions 682 845, 244 92, 156 109

Publicly controlled institutions 825 3, 654, 578 1, 845, 483 505

4-year institutions 403 2, 914, 660 1, 823, 799 626 2-year institutions 422 739, 918 21, 684 29

Privately controlled institutions 1, 413 It 915, 693 6, 922, 510 3, 614

4-year institutions 1, 153 1, 810, 367, 6, 852, 038 3,785

2-year institutions 2C0 105, 326. 70, 472 669

I Resident and extension degreecredit enrollment, full-time and part-time, fall 1963 and fall 1965.

2 Including funds functioning as endowment.

3 In thousands of dollars.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education, Property, 1965-66."
Table 129.-Property of institutions of higher education: United States and

outlying areas, 1909-10 to 1965-66

(In thousands of dollars(

Item 1909-10 1919-20 1929-30 1939-40 1949-50 1959-60 1963-64 1965-66

2 3 4 C"--"*15721 5 6 7 8 Property Values at end of year. $114,193 $1,317,203 $3,442,223 $4,534,343 $7,943,303 520,224,01 $30,229,392 $35,613,663

Physical plant and plant funds - 460, 532 748, 121 2, 069,764 2, 768, 279 55, 5296,030 14, 652, 697 22, 931, 857 26, 915, 670

Unexpended plant funds- Physical plant....

--

460, 532 748,

(I) 121 2, 069, 764 2, 768, 279 4, 820, 981

475, 049

13, 588, 360

1, 064, 337

21, 335, 751

1, 596,105

26, 915, 670

(4)

Endowment and other nonexpendable funds. 323, 661 569, 082 1, 372, 459 1, 766, 064 2, 647, 273 5, 572, 175 7, 297, 535 8, 767, 993

Endowment funds 3.- 323, 661 569, 082 1, 372, 459 1, 687, 610 2, 604, 098 5,322,971 6,954,696 8,767,993 Annuity funds-- Student loan funds.

49 593

861

(4

43) 43, 175

122, 757

12 447

207, 502

(4

Liabilities of plant funds... (I) (I) (I) 1,870,285 4,196,746 6410,147

I Data not collected.

2 Data not tabulated separately.

t' Includes funds functioning as endowment.

Annuity funds included with endowment funds.

93.1.71,-3 NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals,

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, surveys of "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education."

Table 130.-Student financial aid funds disbursed by institutions of higher education, by type of program, control of institution, type of aid, and academic

level of recipient: United States and outlying areas, 1965-66

(In thousands of dollars/

Federally sponsored

Student financial aid program and academic level of recipient Total

U.S. Office of Education Other departments and

agencies

Nonfederally

sponsored

(non-Federal) Non-Federal Federal Non-Federal funds

matching funds matching

funds funds

Federal

funds

2 3 4 5 6 7 Pablicly controlled institutions

Total, all programs. $513,296 $16,522 5157.942 $113 $64,441 $213,611

Work assignments 216, 328 4, 646 43, 556 216 20, 047 147, 865

Undergraduate 153, 863 4, 220 39, 055 179 10, 820 9?,, 590 First-professional 3, 387 24 221 407 2, 735 Graduate._.... 59,078 402 4, 280 37 _.. 8,820 45,540

Grants. 157,311 64 14,720 39,761 102,766

Undergraduate 85,123 59 3,525 _ 7, 751 73,789 First-professional 4,194 426 1,775 1,993 Graduate 67, 994 5 10, 769 30, 235 26, 984

Loans 139, 657 11, 813 99, 667 558 4, 640 22, 980

Undergraduate III, 757 9, 316 83, 583 112 1, 026 17, 720 First-professional 9,198 662 4, 577 298 2, 591 1, 069 Graduate, 18, 702 1, 835 11, 506 147 1, 022 4,191

Privately controlled Institutions

Total, all programs. 499,645 13,403 121,874 1,416 62,051 293,895

Work assignments._..,.,... 100,115 2, 087 20, 763 529 15, 328 61, 408

Undergraduate 72, 079 1, 927 18, 060 68 3, 548 48, 476 First-professional 2,536 103 936 156 1,341 Graduate_ - ..... 25,501 58 1,767 461 11,624 11,592

Grants_ . 258,251 -293 i;i6i -54 39, 743 211, 803 Undergraduate_ ...... 168,593 194 3,196 10 7,948 157,245 First-professional 13, 867 5 222 3,853 9,787 Graduate 75,790 96 2,938 44 27, 942 44, 771

Loans__ 141;279 11, 020 101,756 832 6, 987 20, 683

Undergraduate 110,989 9,363 85,449 305 2,124 13,749 First-professional 14,774 691 7,360 432 3,995 2,295 Graduate 15, 516 966 8, 947 96 868 4, 639

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

93

"Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education, Student Financial Aid,

1965-66."
Table 131.-Selected data for land-grant institutions on students and finances: United States and outlying areas, 1957-58 and 1967-68

Item 1957-58 1967-68 Item 1957-58 1967-68

1 2 3 2

006.316.7027=7 3

Opening (fall) enrollment:

Total enrollment-- . First-time enrollment.....----.- .. - 1 649,338

3 110,945

2 1, 192,633

+212,618

Funds for cooperative extension --. Smith-Lever funds (Act of amended),.,. ....,.... Extension under Agricultural

Act _

- 50, 0E6,394 79, 440, 811

1914, as

Marketing

48,715, 566

1, 350, 828

77, 043, 289

2, 397, 522

Regular Federal appropriations _ Funds for instruction and facilities (Morrill193.936,117 1144,519443

3,415,609 6,213,241

Nelson and Bankhead-Jones

Funds for research (experiment stations)...

5, 051, 500

28, 818, 993

14, 500, 000

50, 639,152 Endowment income under landgrant funds,

Hatch funds, as amended 28, 299,765 48, 585,704

Research under Agricultural Marketing From 1862 land-grant funds ,.,..... >. 2, 299, 864 4, 068, 504 Act ...... ...... ...- 519, 228 2, 053,448 From other Federal land-grant funds-- _. 1,115,745 2,144,737

1 Resident and extension, degree-credit and nondegree-credit, first-term enrollment,

2 Resident and extension, degree-credit and nondegree-credit, opening fall enrollment.

3 Resident, degree-credit, first-term enrollment.

I Resident, degree-credit and nondegree-credit freshmen, opening fall enrollment,

SOURCE; U,S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Statistics of Land-Grant Colleges and Universities, Year Ended June 30, 1958";

"Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1967"; and "Statistics on Condition

of Land-Grant Funds," 1968 Report, as amended,

Table 132.-Financial statistics of land-grant institutions: United States and

outlying areas, 1953-54 and 1963-64

I In thousands of dollars'

I tern 1953-54 1963-64 I tern 1953-54 196344

1 2 3 1 2 3

Interne Expeolitires Current income 9114, 141 $2,107,101

Cu reet opsolitwes $111, 299 $2, 721, 7911 Educational and general 767, 778 2, 405, 751

Educational and general 749, 043 2, 331, 504 74,017 248,013 Student fees... 57, 381 199, 905

Federal Government: General administration and general expense Land-grant regular appropriations

Research

50,552 119,756 Instruction and departmental research 254, 240 657, 746

Other 128,289 704,173 Libraries 18,204 54,787

State governments__

10, 903 56,144 Plant operation and maintenance 71, 296 163, 868

Private gifts and grants.

. 390, 692 985, 326 Organized research 203, 149 868, 587

All other sources_

30,204 81,632 Other educational and general expenditures.. 144,773 386,611 83,121 210,707

Auxiliary enterprises 135,910 334,314 139, 934

6, 429

367, 740

34,118

Auxiliary enterprises

Student-aid income Student-aid expenditures 1 i, 346 60, 980

Property

Additions to plant during year 158,637 614,944 Value of physical plant at end of year 1, 963, 247 5, 390,906

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of Land-Grant Colleges and Universities, Year Ended June 30, 1954," and "Selected Statistics of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges," 1965 Report.

94
Chapter IV

Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities*

Federal land grants provided under the. Northwest

Ordinance of 1787 represent the first instance of

U.S. Government financial assistance for education,

With this enactment, the National Government

embarked upon a program of educational support

unique among national governments in its commitment to State and local autonomy and in the

responsibility it assumed for a public function of

national interest.

A variety of programs and procedures are used

by the Federal Government to support numerous

educational activities. Procedures include grants

of land, financial grants and loans, allocations of

surplus commodities and federally owned property,

operation of special educational programs and

institutions, and the cost of services or contracts.

This highly complex Federal educational involvement affects, directly t.r indirectly, every person

in this country and many persons from other

countries. Programs may be for the purchase of

research and training services in educational

institutions; for support of individuals for whom

there is a special Federal responsibility; for support

of schools in areas where Federal activities would

result in undue burdens on school services without

such support; for support of vocational education,

foreign language study, and similar special areas;

or for numerous other purposes.

A capsule view of the history of Federal educational activities is provided in the following list of

selected Federal educational legislation:

Year Program

1787 Northwest Ordinanceauthorized land grants for the establishment of

educational institutions.

1862 First Morrill Actauthorized public land grants to the States for the estab

lishment and maintenance of agricultural and mechanical colleges.

1867 Department of Education Actauthorized the establishment of the Office

of Education.

1874 Aid to State nautical schoolsprovides funds for State nautical schools.

1890 Second Morrill Actprovided for money grants for support of instruction

in the agricultural and mechanical colleges.

1917 Smith-Hughes Actprovided for grants to States for support of vocational

education.

1918 Vocational Rehabilitation Actauthorized funds for rehabilitation of World

War I veterans.

1919 Federal surplus propertyauthorized use of Federal surplus property by

educational institutions.

95

Year Nevem

1920 Smith-Bankhead Actauthorized grants to States for vocational rehabilitation programs,

1933 School lunch pro ramsprovided assistance In school lunch programs,

The use of sur us farm commodities in school lunch programs began in

1936 and the ational School Lunch Act of 1946 continued and expanded

this assistance.

1935 Bank:,ead-Jones Actmade grants to States for agricultural experiment

stations.

1937 National Cancer Institute Actestablished Public Health Service Fellowship program. Subsequently, fellowships were authorized in legislation

concerning other agencies.

1940 School Milk Programprovided funds for cost of milk served to school

children. 1941 Amendment to Lanham Act of 1940authorized Federal aid for construction, maintenance, and operation of schools in federally impacted areas,

Such assistance was continued under Public Laws 815 and 874, 81st

Congress, in 1950.

1943 Vocational Rehabilitation Actprovided assistance to disabled veterans.

School Lunch Indemnity Planprovided funds for local school lunch food

pu rchases.

1944 Servicemen's Readjustment Actprovided assistance for education of

veterans.

Surplus Property Actauthorized transfer of surplus property to educational

institutions.

1946 George-Barden Actexpanded Federal support of vocational education.

1948 United States Information and Educational Exchange Actprovided for

the interchange of persons, knowledge, and skills between the United

States and other countries.

1949 Federal Property and Administrative Services Actprovided for donation

of surplus property to educational institutions and for other public uses.

1950 Public Laws 815 and 874provided assistance for construction (P.L. 815)

and operation (P.L. 874) of schools in federally affected areas.

Housing Actauthorized loans for construction of college housing facilities.

1954 School Milk Programprovided funds for purchase of milk for school lunch

programs.

Cooperative Research Actauthorized cooperative arrangements with

universities, colleges, and State education agencies for educational

research.

National Advisory Committee on Education Actestablished a National

Advisory Committee on Education to recommend to the Secretary of the

Department needed studies of national concern in the field of education

and to propose appropriate action indicated by such studies.

1956 Library Services Actauthorized grants to States for extension and improvement of rural public library services.

1957 Practical Nurse Training Actprovided grants to States for practical nurse

training.

1958 National Defense Education Actprovided assistance to State and local

school systems for strengthening instruction in science, mathematics,

modern foreign languages, and other critical subjects; improvement of

State statistical services; guidance, counseling and testing services and

training institutes; higher education student loans and fellowships ;

foreign language institutes and advanced foreign language study and

training provided by colleges and universities; experimentation, and

dissemination of information on more effective utilization of television,

motion picture, and related media for educational purposes; and vocational education for technical occupations necessary to the national

defense.

Public Law 85-926Federal assistance for training teachers of the handicapped authorized.

Public Law 85-905authorized a loan service of captioned films for the

deaf.

1961 Area Redevelopment Actincluded provisions for training or retraining of

persons in redevelopment areas.

1962 Manpower Development and Training Actprovided training in new and

improved skills for the unemployed and underemployed.

Public Law 87-477provided grants for the construction of educational

television broadcasting facilities.

Migration and Refugee Assistance Act of 1962authorized loans, advances

and grants for education and training of refugees.

Albert R. Munse of the Reference, Estimates, and Projections Branch, National Center for Educational Statistics, had the major responsibility

for the development of data for this chapter.
Year Program

1963 Health Professions Educational Assistance Actprovided funds to expand

teaching facilities and for loans to students in the health professions,

Vocational Education Act of 1963increased Federal support of vocational

education, including support of residential vocational school; vocational work-study program; and research, training, and demonstrations in

vocational education.

Higher Education Facilities Act of 1963authorized grants and loans for

classrooms, libraries, and laboratories in public community colleges and

technical institutes as well as undergraduate and graduate facilities in

other institutions of higher education.

1964 Civil Rights Act of 1964authorized the Commissioner to (1) arrange,

through grants or contracts with institutions of higher education, for the

operation of short-term or regular session institutes for special training

to improve ability of elementary and secondary school instructional

staff to deal effectively with special education problems occasioned by desegregation; (2) make grants to school boards to pay, in whole or in

part, the cost of providing inservice training in dealing with problems

incident to desegregation; to provide school boards technical assistance

in desegregation; and required nondiscrimination in federally assisted

programs. Economic Opportunity Act of 1964authorized grants for college work-study

programs for students of low-income families; established a Job Corps

program and authorizes support for work-training programs to provide

education and vocational training and work experience for unemployed

youths; provided training and work experience opportunities in welfare

programs; authorized support of Community Action Programs, including

Headstart, Follow Through, Upward Bound, education and training

activities; authorized the establishment of the Volunteers in Service

to America (VISTA).

1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Actauthorized grants for elementary and secondary school programs for children of low-income families;

school library resources, textbooks and other instructional materials for

school children; supplementary educational centers and services;

strengthening, State education agencies; and educational research and

research training.

Health Professions Educational Assistance Amendmentsauthorized

scholarships to aid needy students in the health professions and grants

to improve the quality of teaching in schools of medicine, dentistry,

osteopathy, optometry and podiatry.

Higher Education Act of 1965provided grants for university community

service programs, college library, assistance and library training and

research; strengthening developing institutions; educational opportunity grants; insured student loans; teacher training programs: and

undergraduate instructional equipment. Established a National Teacher

Corps and provided for graduate teacher training fellowships. Medical Library Assistance Actprovided assistance for construction and

improvement of health sciences libraries.

National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Actauthorized grants

and loans for projects in the creative and performing arts, and for research,

training, and scholarly publications in the humanities. National technical Institute for the Deaf Actprovided for the establish- ment, construction, equipping and operation of a residential school for

postsecondary education and technical training of the deaf.

National Vocational Student Loan Insurance Actencouraged State and

nonprofit private institutions and organizations to establish adequate

loan insurance programs to assist students to attend post-secondary

business, trade, technical, and other vocational schools.

Disaster Relief Actprovides for assistance to local education agencies to

help meet exceptional cost resulting from a major disaster.

1966 International Education Actprovided grants to institutions of higher

education for the establishment, strengthening, and operation of centers

for research and training in international studies and the international

aspects of professional and other fields of study.

National Sea Grant College and Program Actauthorized the establishment and operation of Sea Grant Colleges and programs by initiating and

supporting programs of education and research in the various fields

relating to the development of marine resources.

Adult Education Actauthorized grants to States for the encouragement and expansion of educational programs for adults including training of

teachers of adults and demonstrations in adult education (previously

part of the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964).

Model Secondary School for the Deaf Actauthorized the establishment and operation, by Gallaudet College, of a model secondary school for

the deaf to serve the National Capital region. Elementary and Secondary Amendment of 1966in addition to modifying existing programs, authorized grants to assist States in the initiation,

expansion, and improvement of programs and projects for the education

of handicapped children at the preschool, elementary and secondary

school levels.

1967 Education Professions Development Actamends the Higher Education

Act of 1965 for the purpose of improving the quality of teaching and to

help meet critical shortages of adequately trained educational personnel

by authorizing support for the development of information on needs for

educational personnel, training and retraining opportunities responsive

to changing manpower needs, attracting a greater number of qualified

persons into the teaching profession, attracting persons who can stimulate creativity in the arts and other skills to undertake short-term or

long-term assignments in education, and helping to make educational

personnel training programs more responsive to the needs of the schools

and colleges. Public Broadcasting Act of 1967establishes a Corporation for Public

Broadcasting to have major responsibility in channeling Federal funds

to noncommercial radio and television stations, program production

96

Year Program

groups and ETV networks directly or through contract, conduct research,

demonstration, or training in matters related to noncommercial broadcasting; and authorizes grants for construction of educational radio as well as television facilities.

1968 Elementary and Secondary Education Amendments of 1967In addition

to modifying existing programs, authorized support of regional centers

for education of handicapped children, model centers and services for

deaf-blind children, and recruitment of personnel and dissemination of

information on education of the handicapped; technical assistance in

education to rural areas; support of dropout prevention projects; and

support of bilingual education programs. Also, in order to give adequate

notice of available Federal financial assistance, authorized advance funding for any program for which the Commissioner of Education has responsibility for administration by authorizing appropriations to be Included in

the appropriations act for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year for which

toey are available for obligation.

Handicapped Children's Early Education Assistance Actauthorizes preschool and early education programs for handicapped children.

Vocational Education Amendments of 1968changes the basic formula

for allocating funds; provides for a National Advisory Council on Vocational

Education, expansion of vocational education services to meet the needs

of the disadvantaged, the collection and dissemination of information for

programs administered by the Commissioner of Education, and the preparation of a catalog of all Federal education assistance programs.

Higher Education Amendments of 1968provides new programs to assist

disadvantaged college students through special counseling and summer

tutorial programs and to assist colleges to combine resources for cooperative uses, including closed-circuit television and computer networks.

Also authorizes grants to expand and strengthen student cooperative

programs and to expand programs which provide clinical experiences to

law students.

There is no single total for Federal funds for

education that is meaningful for all purposes, but

there are many possible totals which may be constructed to service particular needs. This multiplicity is probably due to the many kinds of

assistance provided, the differences in the manner

of distributing assistance, and the special circumstances which describe the program beneficiary,

as each program was legislatively tailored for its

special purpose. However, table 133 gives one

summary which the Office of Education has found

useful. Part I of this table, Federal Funds Supporting Education in Educational Institutions, includes those programs more frequently considered

in the general category of Federal aid to education.

Part I is presented in two parts, grants and loans,

because of the obvious difference which requires

repayments of loans but not grants. Part II includes

data for other programs which may also be considered in determining Federal funds for education.

In contrast with table 133, which shows program amounts, table 134 shows where the money

comes fromthe Federal agencies which make the

funds available for the various education programs.

This table reveals that the Federal role in education

and related activities is a concern of many Federal

agencies and varies from relatively insignificant

amounts up to $5 billion for the Department of

Health, Education, and Welfare for the 1970

fiscal year. Ten agencies report education amounts

in excess of $100 million, exclusive of outlays for

research and development. The support provided

various levels of educationelementary-secondary,
higher, and vocational-technical and continuing

education-and " other" programs is also shown.

A somewhat different view of the Federal educational involvement is brought into focus in table

135, from the National Science Foundation publication, Federal Funds for Research, Development,

and Other Scientific Activities, XVII. For example, to the extent that federally supported

research may be considered to have largely education-related aspects, this table shows federally

supported educational activity taking place in

many institutions other than those formally

described as educational, including industrial

establishments, federally operated facilities, and

various nonprofit establishments. Figures from the

National Science Foundation were also used to

obtain the research and development amounts

reported in tables 133 and 134 for colleges and

universities.

Table 136 gives additional information about the

programs for " training grants" and " fellowships

and traineeships" included in table 133. Figures

for this tabulation, like those in tables 133 and 134,

were obtained from information provided the

Bureau of the Budget for " Special Analysis J," a chapter in its publication, Special Analyses,

Budget of the United Stares, Fiscal rear 1970.

State-by-State data on Federal educational

assistance from various Federal agencies are dis- played in table 137. These data provide a measure of the Federal funds received by the States from

the various Federal agencies and the total received

from all the Federal agencies. State-by-State amounts for Office of Education programs only

are given in table 138.

A summary of Office of Education disbursements

for the years from 1960 to 1970 for the several

programs authorized under various legislative enactments is presented in table 139. This table

reveals the Federal support pattern for, the Office of Education by showing changes in levels of

support for different educational activities and by noting the appearance of new activities. Funds

transferred to the Office of Education from other

Federal agencies for various education services

are presented at the end of table 139.

Table 133.-Federal funds for education and related activities: Estimated obliga- tions for fiscal years 1962 to 1967; and estimated outlays for fiscal years 1968

to 1970

[In thousands of dollars]

level, New obligational authority Type of support, Outlay and program area

1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 13

Total grants and loans

PART 1. Federal Funds Supporting Education in Educational Institutions

$2,173,100 $2,501,600 $2,749,300 $3,908,100 $6,179,578 $8,364,855 $7,111,496 $1,323,454 $9,107,894

Grants, total 1,853,200 2,111,100 2,350,500 3,319,600 5,167,878 1,623,272 1,168,215 7,754,427 1,559,128

Elementary-secondary education 555, 100 600, 400 666, 300 942, 900 2, 480, 078 3, 037, 637 2, 967, 004 2, 765, 875 3, 009, 761

School assistance in federally affected

Economic opportunity programs r areas 304, 900

53, 000

330, 300 323,100 407, 600 433, 900 469,137 506, 372 404, 703 454, 938

National Defense Education Act-equip- 60,900 67, 000 123, 500 404, 300 721, 257 628, 533 539,124 572,874

Supporting services s

ment, guidance 2 59, 300

4,300

58, 700 92, 900 90, 900 104, 400 109,200 109, 009 89, 545 68,601

Assistance for educationally deprived

4,700 5, 200 6, 500 173, 100 273, 551 280, 481 250, 541 268, 341

children 4

Teacher Corps 4,000 959, 000 1, 057, 455 1, 056, 983 It 049, 625 1, 151, 444

Vocational education 5 26, 400

6,800 5,100 6, 500 11,324 16, 019 19, 000 24, 243

Dependents' schools abroad 40, 500

26, 300 24, 900 127, 700 184, 678 194, 636 185, 224 172,473 180,200

Public lands revenue for schools 43, 500

45,300 61, 500 80, 500 86,100 87, 533 68,220 112,983 141,711

Assistance in special areas 6 14, 800

44, 600 48, 600 51, 500 54, 100 50,173 52, 294 56, 484 58, 607

Veterans' education

17, 700 32,600 50, 200 68,800 56,969 58,286 64,708 78,166

Other? 4,400 1,294 3, 200 3, 580 3, 900 5,100 5,400 4,500 5,200 5,108 2, 383 3,109 6,736

Higher education 1, 210, 300 1, 397, 800 1, 480, 400 2, 052, 600 2, 830, 400 3, 634, 494 3, 230, 030 3, 754, 515 4, 094, 908

Basic research in U.S. educational instituResearch facilities I

tions proper I 602, 900

121,800

691, 600 698, 600 784, 900 940, 300 1, 032, 823 It 044, 059 1,153, 269 9 1, 153, 000

Training grants 196,000

157,900 133,500 191,700 194,000 250,568 184,591 268,775 " 269, 000

Fellowships and traineeships 103,900

234,600 261,200 282,400 365,500 363,608 381,116 432,043 462,762

Facilities and equipment 37, 100

143,000

41, 000

181,800 196,900 264,900 350,162 320,303 377,270 433,799

Other institutional support 33,000

56, 100 384, 100 668, 900 822, 203 549, 382 530, 763 634, 561

Other student assistance 103, 900

43,400

69, 900

69,500 93,400 163,800 169,925 139,637 197,567 247,687

Other higher education assistance 11, 700

62, 300 100, 400 214, 200 590, 586 608, 883 787, 414 872, 869 16, 400 17, 400 18, 800 18, 800 54, 619 2, 059 7, 414 21, 230

Vocational-technical and continuing education

(not classifiable by level) 87, 800 113, 500 203, 800 384,100 857, 400 951,141 971,181 1, 234, 037 1, 454, 459

97
Table 133.-Federal funds for education and related activities: Estimated obligations for fiscal years 1962 to 1967; and estimated outlays for fiscal years 1968

to 1970-Continued

Type of support, level, and program area New obligational authority

1962 1963 1964 1965

Outlay

19i6 1967 1968 1969 1970

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Vocational-technical education w $27,700 $74,700 $161,900 $291,900 $432,800 $470, 752 $418, 345 $479, 375 $555, 101 Economic opportunity programs 6,900 8,000 9, 100 72, 400 385, 100 345, 823 441,923 586,993 704,013 Veterans' education 49, 900 29, 000 25, 100 10, 300 6,300 54, 000 79, 645 122, 741 140, 969 General continuing education

Training State and local personnel u

400

2,900

400

1,400

1, 900 1, 500 , 29, 200 28, 701

5,800 8,000 14192000 , 00 28,649

40, 026 44, 289

National Foundation on the Arts and the

Humanities 11, 989

Other is 10, 728 2,567 4,902 10,087

Leans, total (higher education) 320,500 395,900 391,800 529,100 611,700 741,513 803,211 589,027 541,786

Student loan program, National Defense Education Act" 74, 600 90, 700 111, 300 160,100 235,900 237,954 328,022 358,027 380,766 College facilities loans 15 245, 900 305, 200 287, 500 369,000 375,800 503,629 275,259 211,000 168, 000

PART II, Other Federal Funds fer Education and Related Activities

Applied research and development 16 754, 700 805, 700 906, 300 952,300 1, 026,600 1,088,150 1,174,412 1,287,641 0 1,288, 000 School lunch and milk programs 366,900 379,300 411, 700 507, 500 421, 900 448, 005 543, 845 622, 913 653, 466 Training of Federal personnel 1, 177, 500 1, 279, 600 1,370,400 1, 577,900 1,706,700 1,537,399 1,138,333 1,240,164 1,320, 807

Military academies 74, 000 75, 700 77, 400 105,100 137,200 (17) (17)

Professional training, military 1, 072, 000 1,172, 000 1,245,000 1, 399,100 1,487,900 1,442,950 1, CV, 069 1, g2, 938 1, 224, 503 Civilian education and training in non -

Federal facilities 31, 500 31, 900 48, 000 73, 700 81, 600 94, 449 73, 264 85, 226 96, 304

Library services 22,200 23, 900 25, 300 82, 900 86, 300 141, 381 136, 099 159, 098 154, 602

Grants to public libraries 6, 900 7, 400 7, 500 54, 900 55, 000 76, 000 62, 017 62, 236 63, 207 National library services is 15, 300 16, 500 17, 800 28, 000 31, 300 65, 381 74, 082 96, 862 91, 395

International education 109,100 116,100 130, 000 178, 700 232, 658 326, 742 272, 008 323, 318 330, 481

Educational exchange program__ 28, 100 35, 600 38, 000 37, 400 53, 500 44, 712 41, 670 37, 263 31, 325 Agency for International Development

projects 81,000 80,500 84,600 87,800 111, 800 203,270 140,000 190,000 200,000 Peace Corps 44, 300 57,175 41, 944 43, 641 39, 981 39, 254 Other international education and training's 7,400 9,200 10, 183 36, 816 46, 697 56, 074 59, 902

Other 334,300 318,700 381,900 400,200 403,800 349, 861 332,088 351, 404 377, 007

Agricultural extension service 59, 300 63, 000 79, 400 85, 400 90, 700 92, 824 90, 030 96, 978 100, 575 Educational television facilities 5, 200 5,100 15, 200 3, 304 6, 737 8, 575 12, 852 Education in Federal correctional institutions 2,100 2,500 2, 900 3, 500 3, 600 6, 341 3, 662 3, 751 4, 880 Other education and training 20 7,000 8,300 10, 600 11, 000 12, 800 15,199 6, 000 7, 000 7, 000 Value of surplus property transferred:

Acquisition cost of personal property 244, 900 223, 800 268, 700 277, 300 266, 400 215, 509 199, 383 207, 900 222, 900 Fair value of real property 21, 000 21,100 15,100 17,900 15, 100 16,684 26, 276 27,200 28, 800

Includes Office of Economic Opportunity and Indian education programs.

2 Includes small amounts for National Defense Education Act loans to private

elementary-secondary schools.

3 Includes supplemental centers, school library materials, strengthening State

education agencies, captioned films for the deaf, dissemination of information,

school counseling and testing, and American Printing House for the Blind.

Includes Elementary and Secondary Education Act Title I, handicapped children

dropout prevention, bilingual education, Kendall School for the Deaf, and development facilities in redevelopment areas.

5 Estimated secondary school portion.

Includes District of Columbia, Canal Zone, territories and dependencies,

Cuban refugees, and payments in lieu of taxes by the Atomic Energy Commission

and theTennessee Valley Authority.

7 I ncludes elementary-secondary program planning and evaluation, model

secondary school, educational exchange, National Science Foundation science

education, Peace Corps, National Aeronautics and Space Administration elementary-secondary school program, model school for the deaf, and National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities.

S Data are from "Federal Funds for Research, Development, and Other Scientific

Activities," annual publication, National Science Foundation. Includes universityope rated research centers.

01970 estimates not available. Amounts are for 1969.

Includes vocational education except secondary school portion, Manpower

Development and Training Act training and subsistence, and technical institute

for the deaf.

11 Includes Office of Economic Opportunity programs for vocational-technical and continuing education, Social and Rehabilitation Service, work-incentive

activities, Cuban refugee, assistance, development facilities in redevelopment areas, and Indian education.

12 Includes Social Security education and training, Public Health Service training

for disease prevention and environmental control, training for law enforcement

personnel, Atomic Energy Commission nuclear training courses, and Department

of Housing and Urban Development Community development program.

13 Includes National Institutes of Mental Health mental health training; Social

and Rehabilitation Service rehabilitation training and rehabilitation facilities and

98

services; Department of Commerce development planning, technical assistance

and research; and Small Business Administration training program. Similar information not available prior to 1967.

Includes National Defense Education Act student loans, insured student loan

advances, loans for nurse training and health professions, Cuban refugee loans,

and insured vocational education loans.

15 Includes Department of Housing and Urban Development college housing loans

and Office of Education college facilities loans.

19 Data derived from "Federal Funds for Research, Development, and other

Scientific Activities," annual publication, National Science Foundation.

IT Separate figures are not provided for 1967 and subsequent years but are

included in "Professional training, military."

Includes Library of Congress, Smithsonian Institution, General Services Administration, National Archives and Records Service, National Agricultural

Library, and Government Printing Office depository library and catalog and index activities.

IS Includes special foreign currency education research and training, Public

Health Service National Center for Health Statistics, English language teaching in

Poland, U.S. Information Agency education assistance, National Science Foundation

international education activities, Atomic Energy Commission international education activities, and National Aeronautics and Space Administration international

education activities.

2° Includes Department of Labor apprenticeship and training support, Department of Commerce State technical services program, and Department of the

Interior mine safety training.

NOTE: Because of the exclusion of some programs and because data are based

on Federal disbursements rather than the authority to speol, the figures since

1968 are not strictly comparable with those for earlier years.

SOURCE: Compiled by the National Center for Educational Statistics, Office of

Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, from information

collected by the Bureau of the Budget for its report, "Special Analyses, Budget of

the United States." Research data are from "Federal Funds for Research, Development, and Other Scientific Activities" XVII, National Science Foundation.
Table 134.-Federal funds for education and related activities, by agency: Estimated outlay, fiscal years 1968 to 1970 (In thousands of dollars! Agency Total Elementary-secondary education Higher education 1 Vocational-technical and continuing education Other 2 1968 actual 1969 estimate 1970 estimate 1968 actual 1969 estimate 1970 estimate 1968 actual 1969 estimate 1970 estimate 1968 actual 1969 estimate 1970 estimate 1968 actual 1969 estimate 1970 estimate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Total $11,432,310 $12,374,000 $13,311,511 $2,007,004 $2,705,175 $3,001,711 $3,133,311 $4,323,542 $4,143,174 $171,111 $1,234,037 $1,454,451 $3,110,114 $4,050,541 $4,203.024 Department of Health, Education, and Welfare_ 4, 304, 011 4, 411, 267 5, 001, 970 2, 168, 154 2, 001, 333 2, 167,283 1, 689, 589 1, 843, 670 2,141, 261 100,121 203,268 291,790 346,147 362, 996 401, 636 Office of Education 3 (3, 549, 832) (3, 403, 315) (3, 779, 684) (2,152, 863) (1, 985, 047) (2,149, 963) (1, 178, 912) (1,182, 527) (1, 362, 916) (98, 701) (110, 026) (124, 169) (119,356) (125, 715) (142, 636 Public Health Service (433, 607) (573, 682) (681, 973) (432, 475) (572, 501) (679, 673) (1, 132) (1,181) (2,300) Social and Rehabilitation Service (72, 612) (166, 886) (243, 645) (14, 052) (14,548) (15, 000) (57, 485) (61, 473) (64, 245) (1, 075) (90, /167) (164, 400) Other (247, 960) (267, 382) (296,668) (1,239) (1,738) (2,320) (20, 717) (27, 169) (34, 427) (345) (2,375) (3, 221) (225, 659) (236, 100) (256,700) Department of Agriculture 5 658, 465 748, 433 783, 197 22, 294 26, 484 27: 607 636,171 721, 949 755, 590 Department of Commecce 7, 141 6, 836 9, 133 1, 717 2, 104 2, 002 5, 424 4, 732 7,131 Department of Defense a 1,159, 754 1, 299, 409 1, 391, 228 70, 719 117, 183 144, 314 640 634 539 1,088,395 1, 181,592 1,246,375 Department of Housing and Urban Development 289, 116 290, 600 231, 550 289, 116 290, 600 231, 550 Department of the Interior 192, 002 209, 903 255, 665 152,540 165, 860 182, 504 4,543 4,750 6,243 34, 919 39,293 66,918 Department of Justice 4,377 13,135 27,368 6,300 19, oao 715 3, 084 3, 488 3,662 3,751 4, 880 t.0 Department of Labor_ 354, 000 414, 000 479, 000 348, 000 407, 000 472, 000 6, 000 7, 000 7, 000 CO Department of State 57, 023 52, 697 47, 004 2, 801 2, 305 2, 822 5, 626 5, 235 5,300 48, 596 45, 157 38, 882 Department of Transportation 548 996 1, 525 16 516 1, 000 532 480 525 Agency for International Develop- ment 140, 000 190, 000 200, 000 140, 000 190, 000 200, 000 Atomic Energy Commission 12,140 13, 211 16, 535 2, 576 2,710 6,120 9, 237 10, 091 9, 977 119 195 180 208 215 258 District of Columbia (OE esiimate)_ 24, 200 27, 100 37, 200 24, 200 24, 974 33, 819 2, 126 3,381 Government Services Administra- tion 4, 257 5, 340 6, 465 4,257 5,340 6, 465 Library of Congress 37, 249 49, 003 48, 973 37, 249 49, 003 48, 973 National Aeronautics and Space Administration 22, 388 15, 394 10, 731 176 188 188 21, 031 14,100 9, 500 1,181 1,106 1, 043 National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities 466 1, 023 1, 644 5 23 32 461 1, 000 1, 612 National Science Foundation 7_____ 185, 781 195, 950 NO, 650 2, 188 2, 000 2, 000 175, 574 185, 250 188, 050 8, 019 8, 700 10, 600 Office of Economic Opportunity____ 942, 943 895, 004 929, 888 516, 092 417, 010 436, 444 19, 657 20, 060 19,122 407, 004 457, 700 474, 095 190 234 227 Peace Corps 43, 825 40, 206 39, 492 184 225 238 43, 641 39, 981 39. 254 Small Business Administration 743 879 5,154 658 756 5, 019 85 123 135 Smithsonian I nstitutson 54, 834 68,195 63, 817 54, 834 68,195 63, 817 Tennessee Valley Authority 1, 875 2, 000 2, 490 1, 875 2, 000 2, 490 - U.S. Information Agency 6, 827 6, 614 6, 644 6, 827 6, 614 6,644 Veterans Administration 525, 333 707, 120 804, 195 3, 200 3, 580 3, 900 387, 454 515, 062 583, 137 79, 645 122,741 140, 969 55, 034 65,737 76,189 Research and development (to ed- ucational institutions from Fed- eral agencies) 2, 403, 062 2, 709, 685 2, 710, 000 1, 228, 650 1, 422, 044 1, 422, 000 1,174, 412 1, 287, 641 1, 288, 000 I Includes amount for loan programs. = Includes school lunch and milk programs, training of Federal personnel (military and civilian); library services; international education; and amounts for "other" in table 133. 3 Includes amounts for Office of Education administration not included in table 133. 4 Includes values for surplus property distribution. 5 Includes amounts for school lunch and milk programs. Includes amounts for civil defense education not included in table 133. 7 Includes amount for National Science Foundation not included in table 133. SOURCE: Compiled by the National Center for Educational Statistics, Office of Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, from information collected by the Bureau of the Budget for its report, "Special Analyses, Budget of the United States, Fiscal Year 1970"; research data are from "Federal Funds for Resarch, Development, and other Scientific Activities," XVII, National Science Foundation,
Table 135.-Summary of Federal funds for research, development, and R. & D. plant: Fiscal years 1967,

1968, and 1969

II n millions of dollars)

Item

Actual,

1967

Estimates

1S68 1969

1 2 3 4

EXPENDITURES FOR RESEARCH, DEVEL

OPMENT, AND R. & D. PLANT

Total $16,641.7 $16,576.1 $11,567.1

Research and development

R. & D. plant

16, 049, 1

792. 7

15, 891. 2

684, 9

16, 890. 7

676, 4

OBLIGATIONS FOR RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND R. & D. PLANT

Total 17, 149. 4 16, 746, 3 18, 077. 2

Research and development 16, 529. 3 16, 229, 5 17, 300, 5

Research 5, 273, 0 5, 405, 6 5, 989.6

Basic research

Applied research

2, 015.2

3, 257, 8

2, 092.8

3, 312.8

2, 353, 7

3, 635.9

Development 11,256, 2 10,823,9 11,310.9

R. & D. plant 620, 1 516.8 776.7

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Performers:

Federal intramural I 3, 395, 8 3, 544.8 3, 838.3

Industrial firms 9, 877, 6 9, 299.9 9, 728, 5

Research and development centers administered by industrial firms 384.7 401, 9 424. 8

Universities and colleges 1, 454, 5 1, 507, 5 1, 696, 5

Research and development centers administered by universities and colleges 666. 5 710, 9 744. 5

Nonprofit institutions 400. 2 400.8 447. 1

Research and development centers administered by nonprofit institutions 223, 5 230, 4 253. 0

Other performers 63, 5 72. 2 84, 6

Foreign 63,1 61.1 83. 2

Research:

Performers:

Federal intramural 1,573.6 1,723.0 1,876.6

Industrial firms 1, 436.7 1, 349, 7 1, 532.5

Research and development centers

administered by industrial firms. 69.5 68, 1 71. 2

Universities and colleges 1, 348.5 1, 396.8 1, 555.5

Research and development centers

administered by universities and

colleges 427.5 447.2 466,9

Nonprofit institutions 268.7 267.6 302,1

Research and development centers

administered by nonprofit institutions 47.6 39.7 41,2

Other performers 54.1 61.8 71.3

Foreign 46.9 51.7 72.2

Field of science:

Life sciences 1,451.4 1,586.1 1,765.3

Psychological sciences 108.0 112.8 130.6

Physical sciences 1,074.4 1,136.6 1,289.8

Environmental sciences 670.1 649.5 611.7

Mathematical sciences 130. 0 107. 1 144. 7

Engineering sciences 1,555. 0 1, 524. 2 1,695.4

Social sciences 188.7 207.5 250.5

Other sciences 95.4 81.9 101.6

Basic research:

Performers:

Federal intramural I 478.2 508.1 572.5

Industrial firms 335.4 372.6 434.7

Research and development centers

administered by industrial firms. 30.7 31.1 32.2

Universities and colleges 783.9 781.9 874.3

Research and development centers

administered by universities and

colleges 248. 9 262. 2 279. 0

I Intramural activities cover costs associated with the administration of intramural and extramural programs by Federal personnel as well as actual intramural

performance.

100

Item

Actual,

1967

Estimates

1968 1969

1 2 3 4 Nonprofit institutions

Research and development centers

administered by nonprofit insti-

$100.5 $98.1 $108.3

tutions 7. 9 9. 1 10.1

Other performers 7.0 8. 5 9.0

Foreign 22. 7 21, 2 33.6

Field of science:

Life sciences 612, 0 652. 9 717.0

Psychological sciences 60.0 64. 9 74, 7 Physical sciences 712.9 726. 2 828. 1

Environmental sciences 321.0 340. 4 382, 2

Mathematical sciences 64.6 57. 2 76. 3

Engineering sciences 184. 0 179. 5 191. 4

Social sciences 56.9 61. 8 69.3

Other sciences 3.6 9.9 14.7

Applied research:

Performers:

Federal intramural I 1,095.4 1,214.9 1,304.1

Industrial firms 1, 101. 3 977. 1 1,097.8

Research and development centers

administered by industrial

firms 38.8 37.0 39, 0

Universities and colleges 564.6 614.9 681. 2

Research and development centers

administered by universities

and colleges 178.6 185.0 187.9

Nonprofit institutions 168.2 169.5 193.8

Research and development centers

administered by nonprofit

Institutions 39.7 30.6 31. 1

Other performers 47. 1 53. 2 62. 3

Foreign 24.3 30.6 38. 6

Field of science:

Life sciences 839.3 933.2 1, 048. 3

Psychological sciences 48. 0 47. 9 56. 0

Physical sciences 361. 5 410. 4 461. 6

Environmental sciences 349. 1 309. 1 229. 4

Mathematical sciences 65. 4 49. 8 68. 4

Engineering sciences 1,371.0 1,344.6 1,503.9

Social sciences 131.8 145. 7 181.2

Other sciences 91. 7 72. 0 87.0

Development:

Performers:

Federal intramural I

Industrial firms

Research and development centers

administered by industrial

1,822.2

8, 440.9

1,821.8

7, 950.1

1,961.7

8, 195. 9

firms 315. 2 3';3.7 353. 6

Universities and colleges 105. 1 110.8 140.9

Research and development centers

administered by universities

and colleges 239.0 263. 8 277. 6

Nonprofit institutions 131. 5 133.2 145.0

Research and development centers

administered by nonprofit

institutions 176.0 190. 7 211, 8

Other performers 9.3 10. 4 13.3

Foreign 16.1 9.4 11.0

R. & D. PLANT

Performers supported:

Federal intramural I 239.0 194.6 191. 5

Universities and colleges 111.7 90.3 56. 1

Research and development centers

administered by universities

and colleges 138. 8 94. 3 212. 7

Other domestic performers 130. 5 137. 6 316. 5

Foreign .1

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: National Science Foundation, "Federal Funds for Research, Development, and Other Scientific Activities XVII."
Table 136.-Fellowship, traineeship, and training grant programs of Federal agencies: Expenditures and number of participants, fiscal year 1968

(Amounts in thousands of dollars(

Agency and program

Fellowships and Training grants

traineeships

Amount Number of Amount Number of

participants participants 1 1 2 3 4

Department of Health, Education, and Welfare

Office of Education:

College teacher fellowships $60, 650 15, 270 Education Professions Development Act institutes $58, 387 Teachers of the handicapped 24,162 13, 269 Fellowships for strengthening developing institutions 22,428 727

Librarian training (1) 709 11,381 Civil rights institutes and inservice training 7,437 Research training 4,832 Training for college teachers_ 1,884 1,375 Public Health Service:

Health manpower student assistance 60,214 86,463 6,960 National Library of Medicine 14 5 454

Consumer protection and environmental health 4,421 688 81 Health services

National Ins

and mental health administration

itutes of Health: 7,520 1,230 108,646

Nationa Eye Institute

Nationa Cancer Institute 3,319 305 8,001 Nationa Heart Institute 6,891 390 17,594 Nationa Institute of Dental Research 1,124 123 3,986 Nationa Institute of Arthritic and Metabolic Diseases 6,077 446 14,855 Nationa Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke 4, 074 384 9, 750 Nationa Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases 3,672 262 8,491 Nationa Institute of General Medical Science 23, 284 2, 357 35, 878 Nationa Institute of Child Health and Human Development 2,953 234 7, 272 Division of Environmental Health Services 42 6 3, 763 General research and services 1,242 175 205 Social and Rehabilitation Service:

Child welfare traineeships

Rehabilitation traineeships

2 454

15,, 430 (2)

824

Cuban refugees 125

Development of programs for the e3ing 1,020 Health and related care of mothers and children 14,609

Department of Housing and Urban Development

Fellowships for city planning and urban studies 438 (2)

Department of Transportation

Fellowships in the urban mass transportation field 16 4

Atomic Energy Commission

Graduate fellowships and traineesilips 4, 301 3,G56 Postdoctoral fellowships 311 31

Institutes 280

Faculty institute of college teachers 480

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Graduate training 20,112 2,177 Summer faculty fellowships 719 314

Summer undergraduate fellowships 200

National Science Foundation

Fellowships and traineeships 42,224 18,574 High school teacher institutes 32, 581 College teacher institutes 4,169

National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities

Postdoctoral fellowships to broaden humanities understanding 327 221

Development of improved teaching 22

Office If Economic Opportunity

Teacher training 19,657

5

26,951

2, 084

8,468

2,291

(2)

78

24

23,482

);i83

379

978

1,153

1,255

6, 034

1,288

4 0

201

(2)

11,895

709

415

524

100

35,882

3, 839

(2)

50, 000

1 Amount included in "training grants."

2 Data not available.

SOURCE: Compiled by the National Center for Educational Statistics, Office of

Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, from information

obtained from the Bureau of the Budget for "Special Analyses, Budget of the

United States, Fiscal Year 1970."
Table 137.-Federal grants and loans for education and related activities, by Federal agency providing assistance and by State: Fiscal year 1968

(In thousands of dollars]

State or other area Total, all

agencies

Department of Health, Education,

and Welfare Department of

Agriculture 4

Department of

Housing

zind Urban

Development5

Department of

the

Interior 0

Department of

Labor

(MDTA)7

National

Science

Foundation 9

Atomic

Energy

Commission 9

Office of

Economic

Opportunity to

Veterans

Administration 11

Office of Other 12

Education 1

Public

Health

Service 2

Other 3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total $7,073,139 $3,215,359 $1,112,548 $70,655 $679,483 $211,485 $86,954 $315,892 $381,289 $114,583 $320,378 $489,440 $15,013

Alabama

Alaska

129, 841

31, 846

71, 416

16, 221

9, 074 944 19,150 6, 790 4, 960 1, 343 90 8,110 7, 908 56

Arizona 94, 079 38, 282

593 298 1, 258 9, 593 916 1, 319 1 1, 244 364 39

Arkansas 81,619 53,807

2, 536 535 5, 467 2, 430 24, 939 2, 982 5, 607 55 4, 929 6, 223 94

California 695, 579 285, 109

3,408 451 11,557 838 2, 781 985 37 4,161 3, 506 88 123, 217 5, 999 38, 015 12, 708 1, 192 40, 075 48, 275 46, 263 26, 985 65, 914 1, 827 Colorado

Connecticut

100, 305

97, 578

48, 987

36, 607

15, 346 885 7, 483 1, 500 425 2, 974 8, 010 1, 066 5,118 8, 344 167

Delaware 17,148 10, 531

20, 611 .770 6, 958 2, 600 5, 627 8, 255 3, 702 2, 748 9, 405 295

District of 446 8 2, 081 900 900 645 3 934 643 57 Florida

Columbia 107, 076

194, 279 90, 484

47, 231 13, 467 2, 855 1, 366 2,550 9,948 7,989 138 3,588 17,119 825 20, 930 15, 875 19, 672 3, 880 156 4, 435 9,106 1, 431 8, 724 19, 443 143

Georgia

Hawaii

146,082

35, 959

82,871

18, 525

11,967 1,019 23,317 2, 885 4, 792 4, 090 196 6, 365 8, 438 142

Idaho 24, 391 14, 840

3, 715 55 3, 844 2, 556 505 2, 473 600 1, 590 1, 939 117

Illinois 340, 081 145, 147

234 2 3, 262 1,960 294 603 483 59 1,119 1,526 9

Indiana 124,556 51,603

52, 277 3, 398 24,187 6, 825 22, 706 23, 370 11,105 14, 271 36, 409 396 15,399 428 16,742 5, 660 5, 023 13, 524 3, 530 5,145 7, 292 210 Iowa

Kansas

86,864

76, 874

44,338

40, 401

10,688 469 13,379 1,710 98 3,801 4,996 454 3,113 3,628 190

Kentucky 130, 842 79, 572

8, 636 587 9, 821 2,184 1, 693 2, 039 3, 949 813 2, 295 4, 355 101 Louisiana 112, 686 55, 421

8, 547 455 17, 024 3, 745 6, 476 1, 411 88 8, 991 4, 440 93

Maine 30, 063 15, 336

12, 888 1,149 20, 300 1, 502 4, 531 3,972 80 5,938 6,664 241 2, 013 30 3, 831 3, 245 1, 723 846 6 1, 506 1, 303 224 Maryland

Massachusetts

131,759 61,691 32, 285 883 9, 706 1, 530 3, 492 6, 803 4, 436 2, 723 8, 087 123

Michigan

284, 069

216, 767

78, 514

91, 934

94, 921

35, 736

3, 078

1, 884

16, 605

21, 319

7, 625

8, 810 ,

13

10,975

11, 971

33,357

15, 581

17,374

5,166

8,021

8, 969

12,563

14, 891

1,036

Minnesota 130,449 53,943 493

Mississippi 106, 930 51, 497

25, 240 1, 281 14, 830 5, 975 406 6, 740 5, 304 2,169 4,768 9, 613 130 3,836 110 14,161 4, 735 1, 086 7, 017 946 54 20, 595 2, 882 11 Missouri

Montana

163, 719

27, 660

80, 311

14, 262

28, 463 1, 020 16,180 7, 374 6, 559 5, 673 222 8, 848 8, 874 195

Nebraska 45, 596

1, 137 33 3, 057 2, 218 994 972 993 30 2, 241 1, 638 85

Nnvada 15, 030

24, 161

9, 298

4,152 411 6, 631 1, 940 219 1, 385 1, 331 20 1, 639 3, 631 76

New Hampshire... 24, 062 12,168

305 6 1, 348 1,050 750 822 10 481 868 92 2, 532 54 2,802 2,145 709 1,653 2 797 1,135 65 New Jersey__

New Mexico

_ 165, 750

85,055

80, 779

42,590

11,48G 459 12, 312 13,290 10,682 16,710 9,668 10,242 114

New York 578,629 213,286

2, 610 5, 516 1,082 20,803 1,002 2,403 120 5,617 3,174 79

North Carolina 196,695 97,443

165, 553 10, 052 41,292 7, 545 1 33, 966 42, 999 16, 288 10, 359 33, 298 3, 990 27, 494 781 28,251 6,005 685 5,415 11,666 1,694 10,166 6,864 231

Ohio

North Dakota

250,519

30, 982

109,408

14, 967 960 63 3,852 3,240 3,110 1,348 791 25 1,127 1,459 40

Oklahoma 109,195 58, 571

33, 029 2, 449 29,404 12,105 13,400 10, 736 2, 072 10, 309 27, 288 319

Oregon.. 80, 931 34, 272

8, 469 522 10,685 6,509 6,783 2,664 2,857 38 4,451 7,605 41

Pennsylvania 349, 487 140,998

16,342 660 6,943 1,354 1,631 2,250 8,499 696 2,401 5,833 50

Rhode Island 34, 431 16.138

70, 643 2,845 28,805 15, 020 16,130 17,906 5, 355 16, 857 34, 424 504 3,808 66 1, 863 3, 465 1,163 4,104 777 728 2,111 208

South Dakota

South Carolina... 95, 829

37,081

58, 305

18,998

1, 714 238 14, 917 8,065 2,018 1,273 124 5,537 3,490 148

Tennessee 137,626 70,562

780 6 3,716 2,385 6,178 1,087 1,191 37 1,456 1,219 28

Texas 324,234 174,082

18,155 634 20,043 3,135 4,626 3,856 2,185 7,269 6,985 176

Utah 58,967 24,990

38,361 1,805 29,800 10, 430 13, 773 10, 765 3,160 15, 948 25, 659 451 8,623 341 5,225 3, 340 5, 087 1, 480 3, 227 1,177 1, 896 3,483 98 Vermont

Virginia 132, 035

21,583 11,736

79, 038

2, 790 75 2,020 2,535 337 796 4 690 533 67

Washington 121, 960 50, 751

10, 357 726 18, 068 4, 645 3, 376 4, 178 253 5, 417 5, 813 164

West Virginia____ 62, 761 35,131

25, 268 1, 064 9, 206 3, 225 295 4,120 9, 027 2, 870 6, 277 9, 664 193

Wisconsin 129,795 53,249

2, 412 367 7,945 6,580 2,081 680 68 4,813 2,615 69

Wyoming 14,877 10,169

23, 569 1,730 15, 157 201 5,926 9,482 3,455 6,829 9,957 240 277 5 1,802 22 530 592 67 706 661 46

Guam 16,125 1, 663 1 13,739 Puerto Rico 722

Virgin Islands__

17,803

1, 298

230

82

3,075 438 2,000 1,144 440 3,737 2,77 3,954 954 70 22 321 12 847 14 Other II 215, 702 93, 413 14 72,175 266 13,248 6,387 28 14,471 11,627 4,014 73

1 See table 138 for identification of programs included.

2 Derived from figures in the "1968 Report of the Secretary of the Treasury."

Includes Public Health Service Federal grants in aid payments to individuals and

private institutions within the States plus $60,637,920 for health education facilities (in "other") and $1,494,471 for health research facilities (in "other"). Exciudes amounts for hospital construction.

3 Includes Social and Rehabilitation Service, Office of Vocational Rehabilitation research and demonstration grants ($21,304,000) and training and traineeship grants ($31,177,000); Cuban refugee education assistance grants and loans

($16,939,000); American Printing House for the Blind ($1,235,000). 4 Includes cooperative agricultural extension work ($84,942,196), cooperative State research service ($56,117,045), school lunch program ($214,861,550) and school milk program ($103,105,766) from the "1968 Report of the Secretary of the Treasury" plus the value of school lunch commodities from a special tabulation ($220,456,000).

Amount is for college housing loans (special tabulation).

6 Amount is for Indian education (special tabulation).

7 Amount is for Manpower and Development Training Act in the "1968 Report of the Secretary of the Treasury."

I Amount is for research grants and fellowships awards in the "1968 Report of

the Secretary of the Treasury."

9 Includes $10,785,000 for grants, fellowships, and other aid (1968 "Treasurer's"

102

report), and $163,798,000 for costs incurred by colleges and universities (AEC 1968 Financial Report).

14 Tabulated from detailed program amounts reported in "Poverty Program Information, Fiscal Year 1968", Office of Economic Opportunity.

11 Amounts for veterans readjustment benefits and vocational rehab litation in the "1968 Report of the Secretary of the Treasury".

12 Includes Department di Commerce, State marine schools ($1,024,000) and State technical services ($3, 991,000); Government Services Administration historical grants ($377,000); and National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities

($9,681,000). Data in the "1968 Report of the Secretary of the Treasury".

13 Includes amounts for which a State distribution is not available as well as other miscellaneous amounts.

11 Includes $60,637,920 for health educational facilities and $1,494,471 for health

research facilities. State-by-State distribution of these amounts is not currently available.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: Compiled by the National Center for Educational Statistics, Office of

Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Except as otherwise

noted, figures were obtained from preliminary tabulations of ?:nounts to be re- ported in the "Annual Report of the Secretary of the Treasury, 1968".
Table 138.-Federal grants and loans administered by the Office of Education, by program and by State: Fiscal year 1968

(In thousands of dollars]

State or

other area Total

ElementarySecondary

and National

Defense Education Acts

Aid to

federally

affected

areas Vocational

education

Programs

for handi

capped

children

Arts and

humanities

educational

activities

Higher

Education

Acts

Educational

research

and

research

training

Library

services

and constructi on

Teacher

Corps

Civil

rights

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Total $3,215,359 $1,702,535 $450,993 $257,509 $33,338 $918 $504,807 $81,435 $161,675 $16,020 $0,129

Alabama 71, 416 42, 080 8, 015 5, 709 317 9 12, 316 47 2, 323 600 Alaska 16,221 2,324 12,648 481 20 215 10 523 Arizona 38, 282 19, 670 9, 533 2, 374 414 9 4, 446 215 1, 579 41 1 Arkansas 53,807 35,788 2,396 3,358 268 8,474 1,513 1,540 367 103 California (85,109 144, 423 72, 878 18, 714 2, 967 76 20, 725 11, 463 11, 531 2, 030 302

Colorado 48,987 21,070 12,287 1,757 881 39 9,614 1,506 1,833 Connecticut 36, 607 21, 790 2, 881 3, 342 367 6 5, 322 297 2, 416 186 Delaware 10,531 3,964 1,405 546 83 5 3,706 52 624 146 District of Columbia_ 47,231 22, 743 5, 268 467 2,172 5, 079 2, 031 9, 082 364 25 Fl orida 90, 484 50, 631 15, 247 6, 584 756 33 11, 014 1, 914 2, 800 497 1, 008

Georgia 82,871 44, 830 12, 053 9, 659 403 29 8, 918 2, 897 3,142 320 620 Hawaii 18, 525 3, 562 9,195 980 117 6 3, 457 199 926 83 Idaho 14, 840 6,200 2, 425 873 107 9 4, 439 33 754 Illinois 145,147 88,176 7, 984 8, 440 2, 718 117 22, 532 3, 791 9, 685 1, 458 246 Indiana 51, 603 29, 628 3, 588 4, 736 485 11 7, 353 1, 738 3, 480 432 152

Iowa 44, 338 27, 857 2, 056 4, 535 343 14 5,978 1, 555 1, 978 22

Kansas 40, 401 22, 023 8, 479 2, 569 719 40 4, 288 104 2,179 Kentucky 79,572 50,573 2,865 6,086 482 12 15,763 230 2,861 543 157 Louisiana 55, 421 40,175 3,347 3,821 269 4,552 231 2,805 129 92 Maine 15,336 6,938 2,816 1,013 105 3,594 20 850

Maryland 61,691 23,191 21,877 4,711 789 13 8,615 466 1,990 39 Massachusetts 78, 514 33, 319 12, 728 5, 474 2, 229 1 14,139 5, 830 4, 259 528 7 Michigan 91, 934 52, 617 3, 779 8, 580 2, 629 29 14, 095 3, 709 5, 473 931 92 Minnesota 53,943 31,844 2,014 5,488 628 24 8,661 2,020 3,211 53 Mississippi_ 51, 497 36, 251 2, 684 5,317 173 10 4, 311 95 2, 238 397 21 Missouri 80, 311 40, 803 8, 092 6,188 679 18, 568 3, 399 2, 521 61 Montana 14,262 4,854 3,647 1,233 209 6 3,710 7 596 Nebraska 24,161 11,407 3,891 2,365 153 4,225 360 1,430 330

Nevada 9,298 1,390 3,389 619 29 3,347 35 489 New Hampshire 12,168 4, 406 1,865 466 41 5 3, 851 52 1, 360 122

New Jersey 80, 779 46, 880 9, 560 7, 432 391 15 11, 866 263 4, 318 45 9 New Mexico_ 42,590 17,962 11,150 1,823 375 8,396 1,726 923 230 5 New York 213, 286 129,168 9,341 16,334 3,606 18 31, 516 8,837 13, 116 1,213 137 North Carolina 97, 443 60,103 5, 922 9,104 229 17 15, 282 2,126 3, 885 482 293 North Dakota 14, 967 5, 873 2, 861 945 180 4, 293 126 689

Ohio 109, 408 56, 306 8, 770 15, 235 818 16 15, 310 3, 678 8, 294 981 Oklahoma 58, 571 28, 237 12,150 4, 008 247 10 11, 255 169 2,100 10 385 Oregon 34, 272 13, 750 2, 205 2, 350 904 4 9, 283 3, 604 1, 722 450 Pennsylvania 140, 998 86, 467 8,286 14, 582 1, 051 61 15, 186 4,100 9, 965 1, 300 Rhode Island 16,138 6, 463 2,964 54 150 6 5, 038 354 1, 048 31 30

South Carolina 58, 305 36, 867 6, 319 3, 799 110 54 8, 586 71 2, 149 265 85 South Dakota 18, 998 8, 746 3, 807 1, 941 90 3, 411 1, 003 Tennessee 70,562 46,581 5,443 6,016 864 5 7,619 218 2,778 330 708 Texas 174,082 91,451 25,547 18,245 1,032 24,842 3,039 8,625 1,169 132 Utah 24,990 8,691 5,998 1,179 341 7,654 140 912 75

Vermont 11,736 3,871 82 746 80 6,014 18 925 Virginia 79, 038 30, 766 26, 537 7, 504 362 16 9,140 1, 388 2, 819 164 342 Washington 50,751 23,295 11,264 4,051 168 9,024 415 2,464 70 West Virginia 35, 131 21,458 490 4,314 162 8 4,778 1,873 1,592 456 Wisconsin 53, 249 23, 629 1, 719 6, 244 497 46 15, 443 2, 542 3, 123 6 Wyoming 10,169 3,403 1,395 271 48 2 4,378 25 647

Guam 1, 663 1, 663

Puerto Rico 230 9 221

Virgin Islands 82 82

Others 93,413 28,041 26,097 4,626 81 137 31,186 904 2,100 241 1 Includes amounts for which a State distribution is not available as well as other miscellaneous amounts.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: Compiled by the National Center for Educational Statistics, Office of Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

103
Table 139.-Office of Education expenditures, by legislative program: Fiscal years 1960 to 1970 n thousands of dollars] Legislative program 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Total Elementary and Secondary Education Act Title I. Educationally deprived children Title II. Library resources Title III. Supplementary education centers Title V. Strengthening State departments of education 2 Title VI. Education for the handicapped Title VII. Bilingual education Title VIII. Dropout prevention School assistance in federally affected areas Maintenance and operation Construction Higher Education Act.. Title I. University community services Title II. Library programs: College library resources Library improvement Library training Acquisition and cataloging by Library of Congress Title III. Strengthening developing institutions Title IV. Student assistance: Equal opportunity grants Work-study program Insured loans Student loans insurance fund Title V. National teacher corps Title VI. Undergraduate instructional assistance: Television and other equipment Special programs for disadvantaged-Talent Search Special services for disadvantaged-Upward Bound Higher Education Facilities Act Title I. Public community colleges and technical institutes Other undergraduate facilities State administration and planning Major disaster areas Title II. Graduate facilities Title III. College construction loans Construction loans interest subsidization Vocational education Vocational Education Act of 1963 George-Barden and supplemental acts Smith-Hughes Work-study programs Cooperative education Innovative programs in vocational education National advisory council Transfer to Department of Labor for manpower projections and studies State advisory councils Vocational education curriculum development Appalachian Regional Development Act Vocational research Consumer and homemaking education Education professions development 5459,936 $527,654 $547,610 $635,602 $676,735 $876,591 $2,032,664 $3,098,089 $3,629,408 811 1, 095 1, 247 1, 521 1, 648 1, 712 816, 982 1, 252, 211 1, 335, 590 811 1, 095 1, 247 1, 521 1, 648 1, 712 746, 904 47, 871 10,938 11. 269 1, 056, 621 92, 505 74,961 28, 121

3 1, 049, 116 91, 054 161, 256 26, 297 7, 867 258, 278, 782 282, 909 343, 1U 334, 289 349, 671 409, 593 447, 074 506, 372 174, 850 83, 348 207, 749 71, 033 226, 419 56, 490 276, 869 66, 242 283, 688 50, 601 311, 413 38, 258 353, 851 55, 74L 399, 858 47, 216 470, 887 35, 485 22, 569 35, 232 245, 046 365, 884 22, 569 3, 926 300 30, 634 36210 14, 774 8,380 6, 752 3, 478 4, 919 50,916 106,263 15, 934 12, 521 20, 523

1 9, 897 48, 906 (13?5, 34118. 22, 428 103,104 28, 947 16, 019 5,415 2, 497 2, 988 105, 526 276, 762 461, 965 1, 288 14, 097 34, 642 5041:, 826927205 1621, 14E 2, 115 13,978 81, 042 28325,: 80261 147 101, ?13 45, 179 47, 769 51, 762 55, 176 54, 503 131, 525 138, 326 249, 954 255, 224 538, 021 7, 158 5 41,497 6, 272 544,615 7, 147 548,032 7, 144 5 47,386 7, 117 (4) 4 121, 190 7,137 2, 727 471 (4) 4 114, 211 4, 185 10, 072 2, 547 7,311 1731,43260 161, 300907 6,669 17, 122 231:531? 65: 206273 (6) 8,683 12,750 13, 893 14, 237 13, 969 36, 679 42, 147 56, 407 60, 271 1969' 19701 11 12 $3,472,588 $3,867,676 1, 295, 074 1, 410, 386 1, 021, 682 1, 1N:1211 62, 202 157, 638 174, 279 25, 609 30, 256 24, 443 26, 520 2, 7, 500 1, 500 9, 600 404, 703 454, 938 370, 474 399, 953 34, 229 54, 985 403, 469 533, 287 9,134 9, 500 478 24, 522 I: 250030 (3)78,, 216 28, 000 29, 600 127 922 li3:788070 511: gri3 1172,9 331 19, 000 24, 243 10,651 12,200 4, 600 4,200 1, 500 384, 895 429, 401 169f1, 000 211,3:y90;35i 376 7, 100 1,,Ei 31, 800 86, 827 1, 600 10, 670 242, 473 261, 080 131:8(i8 224, 539 637,', 2051600001 6, 957687 25,, 050000 (6) (6)1, 680 1, 000

9 74,163 108,

0 50900
Preschcol, elementary, and secondary training programs_ Pr, ;tool, elementary, and secondary grants to States Encouragement of education career Higher education training programs Library Services and Construction Act Public library services Construction Inter-library cooperation State institutional library service Library services to physically handicapped Educational improvement for the handicapped Teacher education and recruitment Research and innove 1 Captioned films and .:.sdia services Early childhood education National Defense Education Act Title II. Student loans and cancellations Title III. Instructional assistance: Grants and loans I Title IV. College teacher fellowships Title V. Guidance, counseling, and testing Title VI. Language Development I: Language and area centers, fellowships, and research Research and development Training and research Construction Research and development and educational media research and dissemination Major educational demonstration-District of Columbia Adult basic education Civil rights activities Land-grant colleges Special foreign currency program-training, research, and study Educational broadcasting facilities Office of Education salaries and expenses, including technical services, planning and evaluation, and computer services Filsolibtes from funds transforrsi to the Office of Educable by ether Fsearal annies lo Manpower Development and Training Act: Training " Supervision Civil defense adult education program Educational television facilities International education exchange (foreign currency) Fulbright-Hays Act Appalachian Regional Development Act 13 Cuban Refugee Program: Education aid for Cuban children and adults Loans for Cuban college students Institutes 8, 683 12,750 13, 893 14, 237 13, 969 6, 056 6,153 6, 932 7, 345 7, 443 6, 056 6, 153 6,932 7,345 7, 443 380 997 1,191 2, 587 4,982 308 814 943 2, 337 2, 466 1,016 72 183 248 250 1,500 117, 965 153, 608 158, 801 175,154 216, 338 40, 326 57, 491 74, 532 91, 841 111,729 49,848 56, 218 39, 510 34, 010 56,131 4, 620 11, 451 17, 313 19, 604 19, 680 12,870 15, 686 14, 064 15,162 13, 710 10, 301 12,762 13,382 14,537 15,088 6, 004 7, 878 7, 461 9, 910 12, 712 6,004 7,878 7,461 9,910 12,712 5, 052 5, 052 10,744 14, 500 14, 500 1 6 20 138 1,962 11,608 13, 569 12, 664 12, 041 14, 251 30, 925 992 2,707397 421 741 1, 575 2, 597 2, 068 1,755 148 551 5,195 7,797 127,722 1,358 121, 881 36, 679 26,11.1 22, 376 3,735 15, 327 12, 823 1,004 1, 500 232, 287 135, 538 50, 615 20, 695 17, 322 8,117 17, 793 17,793 3,146 1, 292 14, 500 129 3,130 17, 732 34', E40 940 12 2, 871 1,356 126,999 12 2,442 42, 147 55,417990 58,387 1,884 63,990 7, 000 3,173 7 84, 513 16, 000 450 7, 127 40, 915 57, 407 62, 017 62, 236 63,207 25, 000 32, 553 32, 391 32, 675 34, 000 15,915 23, 923 26, 615 24,500 23,700 352 1,096 1,947 2, 187 345 1,175 2,006 2, 094 234 740 1,108 1,226 15, 366 26, 937 33, 088 34, 823 44,996 10,448 21,968 24,162 22, 986 25, 629 3,227 4,185 8,277 8,765 13,217 1, 691 784 649 2, 572 4, 450 500 1,700 320, 17 2 338, 015 370, 034 365,291 319, 493 177, 394 181, 000 182, 825 185, 878 163,550 76,175 69, 438 85,916 72,205 53, 810 31, 974 52, 591 60, 650 74,968 71, 000 22, 017 22, 779 23, 093 17, 340 14,791 12,612 12,207 17,550 14,900 16,342 23, 934 49, 557 79, 955 77, 007 102, 346 6,548 4, 832 5, 600 7,135 1,171 333 6,419 11,661 23,934 41, 838 74,790 64,988 83,550 500 3,600 33, 616 28, 336 28, 701 40, 026 44,289 5,291 8,798 7, 437 10,758 11,200 14, 500 14, 500 14, 500 21,791 14,720 500 1,199 857 800 2, 024 4,663 8,222 6,737 7,575 7, 852 25, 901 37, 664 40, 776 47, 004 56,767 694,11523 885:310 10g: 444457 2.501 91,419174 2,872 7,979 36: 588673 12 12 1, 000 1, 402 1,826 2,272 2,240 1,856 21,753 127, 033 12 10, 730 14, 052 122,970 12 3,144 3,464 12 218 12 296 125 I Estimate& 2 Includes Title X, National Defense Education Act 3 Beginning in 1968, library improvement is included under research and development 4 Program expenditures for the Vocational Education Act of 1963 and George-Barden and supplemental acts were combined; separate program amounts are not available. 5 Includes amounts for area vocational education, NDEA Title VIII. Absorbed into other vocational education pro- visions after 1964. 6 Beginning in 1968, vocational research is included under research and demonstrations. 7 Includes funds for leacher training institutes provided under the National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Act and NDEA institutes on subjects and guidance. Includes assistance under the National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Aft 9 Includes Fulbright-Hays Act_ 10 These data are excluded from total Office of Education expenditures. II I ncludes amounts for Area Redevelopment Aft 12 Figures are for "obligations". 13 Does not include money transferred to the Office of Education consolidated working fund. SOURCE: Compiled by the National Center for Educational Statistics and the Office of Administration, Office of Educa- tion, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
Chapter V

Selected Statistics Related to Education in the United States

This chapter consists of a collection of miscellaneous tables which do not fit readily into one of

the other chapters. They were selected because

they are closely related to education in the United

States and arc of general interest. They arc arranged in five main categories: (1) Employment

status and job opportunities of persons completing

educational programs and of school dropouts;

(2) international education; (3) library statistics;

(4) research and development; and (5) equal

educational opportunity.

Included in the first group of tables arc data

from the Bureau of Labor Statistics on the labor

force status and employment of recent high school

graduates and dropouts. Other tables provide

information from the College Placement Council

on the salaries offered candidates for bachelor's,

master's, and doctor's degrees.

The section on international education contains

data from the Institute of International Education

on American college students and college faculty

abroad and on foreign students enrolled in American institutions of higher education. Also included

is a table showing Office of Education data on the

enrollment of foreign students in each State in

the fall of 1963. Two other tables contain statistics

from the United Nations Educational, Scientific,

and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) on population and school enrollment for the world, the

continents, and selected countries. The figures in

these latter tables show general magnitudes only,

107

but they arc suitable for making rough comparisons

among countries. The enrollment estimates were

prepared in a variety of ways and for different

years, and the enrollment groupings by level arc

not strictly comparable from one country to

another.

The third group of tables shows Office of Education statistics on public libraries, public and

nonpublic elementary and secondary school libraries, college and university libraries, and special

libraries. Also included in this section are data

from Publisher's Weekly and the Library Journal on

trends in the prices of books and periodicals.

The fourth group of tables relates to the general

arca of research and development. Included is a

table showing the number and median salary of

scientists on the National Register of Scientific

and Technical Personnel (National Science Foundation) by field and by type of employer. Another

table contains Office of Education estimates of

expenditures for educational research. Other tables,

utilizing data obtained from the National Science

Foundation, show the amounts and sources of

funds used for research and development. Statistics

of Federal funds for research and development are

not included in this section but may be found in

chapter IV.

The final group of tables was derived largely

from the Commissioner's Report on Equality of

Educational Opportunity, released by the Office of

Education in 1966.
Table 140.-College enrollment and labor force status of 1967 high school grad- uates 16 to 24 years of age in the civilian noninstitutional population, by color, sex, and marital status of women: United States, October 1967

(Numbers in thousands'

Civilian noninstitu- Civilian labor force

tional population Not in

Item labor

Percent force

Number Percent Number of popu.

lation

1 3 5 6

Seth sexes

Total White Non White

Enrolled in college

Full-time

Part-time

Not enrolled in college

2,525 100.0 1,355 53.7 1,170

2,267 89, 9 1,209

258 10, 2 146

53, 3 1, 058

56, 6 112

1, 311 51, 9

1,232 48, 8

79 3 1

1,215 48,

, 1

399 30. 4 912

335 27, 2 897

64 81 0 15 956 78., 7 258

Item

1

Civilian noninstitu- Civilian labor force

tional population

Number Percent Number

3 4

Percent

of population

Not in

labor

force

5 6

Total.

Male

Enrolled in college

Not enrolled in college

Female

Total

Enrolled in college

Not enrolled in college

Single

Married and other

marital status I

1,142 100, 0

68 57,

484 42, 4

635 55,6 507

216 32,8 442

419 86,6 65

1, 383 100, 0 720 52.1 663

653 47.2 183 /*" 3 -0.

730 52, 8 537 73.6

631 45.6 486 77, 0

470

193

145

100 7.2 51 51, 0 49

Includes widowed, divorced, and separated women.

NOTE; Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, "Monthly Labor Review," December 1968.

Table 141.-Employment status of 1967 high school graduates not enrolled in

college and of 1966-67 school dropouts, by sex, color, and marital status of women: United States, October 1967

'Thousands of persons 16 to 24 years of age)

Civilian noninstitutional Civilian labor force

population

Item Unemployed

Percent of

Number Percent Number population Employed Percent of

Number civilian

labor force

Not in

labor

force

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Graduates

Total. 1,215 100.0 956 71.7 101 155 16.2 259 Male 484 39. 8 419 86.6 379 40 9.5 65

Female 731 60.2 537 73.5 422 115 21.4 194

Single 631 51.9 486 77.0 384 102 21.0 145

Married and other marital status 1 100 8.2 51 51.0 38 13 (2) 49

White 1, 065 87. 7 847 79. 5 728 119 14.0 218

Nonwhite 150 12.3 109 72.7 73 36 33.0 41 Dropouts 3

Total. 614 100.0 391 83.7 309 12 21.0 223

Male 320 52. 1 257 80. 3 208 49 19. 1 63

Female 294 47. 9 134 45.6 101 33 24.6 160

Single 173 28.2 84 48.6 62 22 26.2 89

Married and other marital status I 121 19.7 50 41.3 39 11 (2) 71 White 476 77, 5 301 63. 3 242 59 19.6 175

Nonwhite 138 22. 5 90 65. 2 67 23 25.6 48

I Includes widowed, divorced, and separated women.

2 Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.

3 Includes persons who dropped out of school between October 1966 and October 1967.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, "Monthly Labor Review," December 1968.

108
Table 142.-Major occupational groups of employed high school graduates not

enrolled in college, by year of high school graduation, and of school dropouts, by year last attended school, by sex: United States, October 1967

'Percentage distribution of persons 16 to 24 years of age'

Major' occupation group and sex

Graduates of- Dropouts last attended school in1965 1966 1967 1965 1966 1967 1110.40.P.T./... 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Male

All occupation groups; Number (thousands) 442 333 379 197 115 105

Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Professional, technical, and kindred workers 5.9 4,8 2.9 .5 2.2 3.8 Farmers and farm managers 1,4 .6 1.6

Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm 5.2 1.8 .3 1.5 2.9 Clerical and kindred workers 12, 2 8.1 12.2 6.6 3.8 5.7 Sales workers 2.9 5.7 4.8 1.1 4.8 Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers 15, 8 13.8 12.2 9.1 15.1 7.6 Operatives and kindred workers 33.7 41.0 34.7 44.7 37.8 35.2 Private household workers.

Service workers, except private household 4.8 6.3 6.3 5.6 10.3 17.1 Farm laborers and foremen 5, 0 1.5 4.2 12.2 10.3 1.0 Laborers, except farm and mine 13. 1 16.5 20.9 19.8 19.5 21.9

Female

All occupation groups; Number (thousands) 647 473 422 132 110 45

Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 (I)

Professional, technical, and kindred workers 6.6 1.3 2.8 .9 Farmers and farm managers

Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm 1.4 , 2 .8 Clerical and kindred workers 59.3 66,3 54.7 14. 5 12.7 Sales workers 5.2 5,1 8.3 6.9 4. 5 Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers .6 .6 .2

Operatives and kindred workers 10.6 12.1 16.4 35.9 32.7 Private household workers 1.4 1.7 2.6 13.7 10.0 Service workers, except private household 13.7 11.2 10.9 25.2 33.6 Farm laborers and foremen . 8 1.3 3.3 2.3 3.6 Laborers, except farm and mine .3 .2 .7 .8 1.8

1 Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, "Monthly Labor Review," December 1968.

Table 143.-Average monthly salary offers to male candidates for the bachelor's degree, by field of study: United States, 1959-60 to 1968-69

Field of study 1959-60 1961-62 1963-64 1965-66 1967-68 1968-69

Percentage increase

1959-60 to

1968-69

1967-68 to

1968 -69

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Accounting

Business-general (including management)

Engineering:

Aeronautical

Chemical

Civil

Electrical

Industrial

Mechanical

Metallurgical

Humanities and social sciences

Marketing and distribution

Physics, chemistry, and mathematics

Chemistry

Physics

Mathematics

All technical curriculums

All nontechnical curriculums 3

$457

445

(I)

525

487

537

(I)

522

(I)

2 431

423

522 (I)

(I)

527

442

$494

467

584

563

538

583

554

564

(r)

2 464

466

557

(0) (1) (I)

570

476

$535

507

629

615

585

624

601

614

606

496

493

588

580

613

578

614

511

$585

571 681

682

658

679

659

670

662

547

549

642

644

664

632

671

570

$689

651

761

790

750

774

757

768

764

626

629

728

729

751

720

767

657

$761

687

811

849

797

826

802

811

667

669

784

775

803

779

819

711

66.5

54. 5

(1)

61.7

63.7

53. 8

(1)57. 1

(1)54. 8

58.2

50. 2

(I)

(1) (I)

55, 4

60.9

10.4

5. 5

6.6

7.5

6.3

6. 7

5. 9

6.8

6.2

6. 5

6.4

7.7

6.3

6.9

8. 2

6. 8

8.2

1 Data not available.

2 Includes biological sciences.

3 Includes accounting, business-general, humanities and social sciences, and marketing and distribution.

NOTE: Data are based on information supplied by more than 100 participating

colleges and universities throughout the country.

109

SOURCE: College Placement Council Salary Survey, "A Study of 1966-67 Beginning Offers;" and "A Study of 1968-69 Beginning Offers by Business and

Industry." (Copyright 1967 and 1969, respectively, by the College Placement Council, Inc., Bethlehem, Pa. All rights reserved.)
Table 144.-Average monthly salary offers to male candidates for master's and

doctor's degrees, by field of study: United States, 1964-65 to 1968-69 te

Field of study

Master's degree I

1964-65 19657

2 3

Percentage

1968-69 increase,

1966-67 to

1968-69

4 5

Doctor's degree

Percentage

1964-65 1966-67 1968-69 increase,

1966-67 to

1968-69

6 8 9

Engineering:

Chemical

Civil

Electrical

Mechanical

Sciences:

Chemistry

Mathematics

Physics

Business administration, industrial management, or commerce:

After nontechnical undergraduate degree

After technical undergraduate degree

$759

(2)

780

765

717

739

761

675

754

$858

811

868

852

814

818

818

798

869

$977

901

967

954

922

930

933

962

1,027

13.9

11,1

11, 4

12,0

13.3

13.7

14.1

20.6

18. 2

$1,058

(2)

1,166

1,116

1,009

1,088

1,142

(2)

(2)

$1,175

1,128

1, 261

1,212

1,118

1,220

1,162

23

$1,319

1, 234

1, 379

1,309

1, 242

1,278

1,285

(2)

(2)

12.3

9. 4

9.4

8.0

11.1

4.8

10.6

(

2 (2) (

Data are ler men with 1 year or less of full-time, nonmilitary employment,

2 Data not available.

NOTE: Data are based on information supplied by more than 100 participating

colleges and universities throughout the country.

SOURCE: College Placement Council Salary Survey, "A Study of 1966-67 Beginning Offers;" and "A Study of 1968-69 Beginning Offers by Business and Industry." (Copyright 1967 and 1969, respectively, by the College Placement Council,

Inc., Bethlehem, Pa. All rights reserved.)

Table 145.-United States college students abroad, 1966-67, and college faculty abroad, 1967-68, by geographical area and country

Students I Faculty 2 Students I Faculty

Geographical area and country Geographical area and country

Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 All areas_ 21,579 100.0 4,775 100.0 Mexico 1,735 8.0 81 1.7

Philippines 1, 349 6. 3 46 1. 0

Europe 12, 473 57.8 2, 340 49.0 Italy 1,183 5.5 185 3.9

North Americas 3, 444 16.0 52 1.1 Japan 817 3.8 108 2.3

Latin America 2, 358 10.9 718 15.0 Vatican City State 585 2. 7

Far East 2,280 10.6 693 14.5 Lebanon 439 2.0 18 0.4

Near and Middle East 642 3.0 254 5.3 Switzerland 395 1.8 77 1.6

Oceania 198 0.9 99 2. 1 Sweden 357 1.7 48 1.0

Africa 184 0.9 399 8.4 Colombia 354 1.6 47 1.0

Other areas or general assignment 220 4. 6 Austria 227 1. 1 47 1.0

Belgium 193 0.9 26 0.5

All countries 21,579 100.0 4,775 100.0 Netherlands 151 0.7 43 0.9

Israel 144 0.7 57 1.2

Canada 3,444 16.0 46 1.0 Australia 134 0.6 58 1.2

United Kingdom 2, 375 11.0 605 12.7 Ireland 125 0.6 21 0.4

France 2, 347 10.9 266 5.6 Denmark 100 0.5 30 0.6

Spain 2, 103 9. 7 100 2.1 Other countries or general assignGermany, Federal Republic of 2, 076 9.6 247 5.2 ment 946 4.4 2,619 54.8

I Includes students reported by 549 institutions in 73 countries. Two major

institutions that had reported in 1965-66 did not report for 1966-67. In 1965-66

these institutions enrolled 3,414 American students (1,964 in France and 1,450

in Mico). 2 The faculty came from 598 institutions of higher education in the United

States and went to 115 countries.

Excludes Mexico and the Central American countries, which are included

in Latin America.

110

NOTE: Because of rounding, percentages may not add to totals.

SOURCE: Institute of International Education, New York, "Open Doors 1968."
Table 146.-Enrollment of foreign students in institutions of higher education, by level and State: Fall 1963

State All foreign Undergraduate students First professional students Graduate students

students

enrolled Total

1.11LI

3 Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 United States 72, 651 41,'i50 30.419 11, 011 3, 130 2, 674 456 21, 971 23, 001 4, 910

365 257 202 55 27 26 1 -........._....,- 81

...............- Alabama-... 68 13 .....

49 41 32 9 - ... .. ., 8 8 Arizona... _ ..... '2; , 704 516 422 94 10 10 178 153 Arkansas__._ ______ 195 157 133 24 38 34 4 California. 10,937 6,958 5, 147 I, 811 349 312 37 3, 630 2, 997 633

Colorado 1,095 602 470 132 21 20 1 472 399 73 Connecticut 947 353 266 87 108 93 15 486 408 78 Delaware._ . , _ _ 114 37 28 9 77 70 7 District of Columbia_ .. . . 2, 993 1,710 I, 235 47,) 309 277 32 974 715 259 Florida 1, 373 1, 038 760 278 11 11 324 273 51 Georgia 619 421 338 83 35 22 13 163 150 13 Hawaii._... 862 415 293 122 1 .. ... 1 446 328 118 Idaho. 271 222 169 53 5 4 1 44 36 8

Illinois. 4, 404 2, 063 I, 516 547 239 208 31 2,102 1,722 380 Indiana. . ___ 2, 427 1,120 . 840 280 74 66 8 1,233 986 247

Iowa.-- - _.. _ .... 1,219 618 392 226 51 49 2 550 462 88 Kansas 1,524 868 650 218 33 25 8 623 521 102 Kentucky _. 581 384 218 166 48 34 14 149 120 29 Louisiana ,..- ..... 907 580 480 100 19 17 2 308 265 43 Maine__ .. . - ........... 133 117 82 35 - . - . _ ....,. 16 16 Maryland,._... 1,145 616 422 194 22 20 2 507 412 95 Massachusetts, 3,762 I, 568 I, 014 554 374 353 21 I, 820 1, 535 285 Michigan.... , 4, 376 2,672 2, 127 545 188 156 32 1,516 1, 213 303 Minnesota ..... .... 1,585 707 491 216 26 26 852 744 108 Mississippi_ . 266 202 167 35 1 1 63 56 7 Missouri.- . 1,311 863 634 229 81 71 10 367 294 73 Montana__.. _ , .. 405 3 14 300 44

.11

61 53 8 Nebraska 410 253 181 72 11 146 119 27 Nevada 49 24 22 2 25 25 New Hampshire... 266 216 187 29 10 10 40 31 9 New Jersey__ 960 431 313 118 73 59 14 456 429 27 New Mexico_ ......... 343 251 211 40 92 76 16 New York............_ 6, 610 3, 299 2, 216 1, 083 322 235 87 2, 989 2, 344 645 North Carolina 1,138 527 380 147 76 70 6 535 456 79 North Dakota 449 373 319 54 1 1 ._ 75 67 8 Ohio ........ .. .._.. 2,296 1,397 973 424 64 45 19 835 706 129

Oklahoma 1, 218 787 663 124 12 9 3 419 385 34 Oregon__.- ...... - .. 1,128 733 555 178 36 23 13 359 284 75 Pennsylvania_ ... . 2,907 1,251 865 386 278 219 59 1,378 1, 154 224

Rhode Island 239 166 119 47 73 60 13

South Carolina 284 220 148 72 7 6 1 57 48 9

South Dakota. 163 132 96 36 12 12 ......_ 19 15 4

Tennessee 952 540 397 143 16 13 3 396 288 108

Texas 2,634 1,782 1,362 420 92 81 11 760 624 136

Utah 1, 378 1, 011 755 256 2 1 1 365 301 64

Vermont 125 110 68 42 1 1 14 8 6 Virginia ........... _._..... ... 483 295 159 136 33 29 4 155 132 23 Washington_ ............. .. 1,780 1,167 787 380 14 11 3 599 475 124

West Virginia 318 203 163 40 4 4 111 95 16 Wisconsin 1,696 776 557 219 34 33 1 886 749 137

Wyoming 119 74 72 2 45 38 7 U.S. Service Schools 137 83 83 54 54 -

Outlying areas 724 113 563 150 11 11 ... Source: U.S. Department of Health, Education. and Welfare, Office of Education, "Residence and Migration of College Students, Fall 1963."

111
Table 147.-Number of foreign students enrolled in American institutions of higher education, by area of origin: 1948-49 to 1967-68

Academic year Total Western

Hemisphere

Europe Africa Near, Middle,

and Far East

Pacific Other

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a

1948-49 , 25, 464 11, 070 1 4, 065 888 8, 218 3 845 378 1949-50 26,433 10, 444 1 5,574 904 8, 313 3 938 260 1950-51 29,813 10,962 1 7, 157 1,027 9,411 3 1, 110 146 1951-52 30, 462 11, 034 1 7, 220 1, 072 9, 737 i 1, 215 184 1952-53 33, 675 12, 258 7, 856 1, 0811 3 11, 547 316 f 617

1953-54 33, 833 13, 297 5,171 1, 163 2 12, 766 354 382 1954-55 34, 232 13,160 5,196 1, 234 3 14, 254 337 1 51 1955-56 36,494 13,516 5,502 1,231 315864 353 128 1956-57 40,666 14, 554 5,996 1,424 2 18, 192 424 1 76 1957-58 43, 391 14, 566 6, 816 1, 515 319, 901 495 i 98

1958-59 47, 245 15, 761 6, 601 1, 735 222,442 612 194 1959-60 48,486 15,189 6, 362 1, 959 3 24, 285 568 1 123 1960-61 53, 107 15, 754 6, 686 2, 831 227,084 658 194 1961-62 58, 086 16, 554 6, 833 3, 930 3 29, 845 796 1 128 196243 64, 705 18,110 7, 888 4,996 2 32, 615 948 f 148

1963-64 74, 814 21, 430 1 9, 348 6,144 336,662 1,080 150 1964-65 82, 045 22,995 1 10, 108 6, 855 3 40, 617 1, 265 205 1965-66 82,709 23, 849 1 10, 226 6.896 240.266 1, 325 147 1966-67 100, 262 30, 412 1 14, 207 7,170 246, 400 1,635 438 1967-68 110,315 34,144 1 15,556 6,901 2 50, 575 1,683 1,456

'Includes students from U.S.S.R. SOURCE: Institute of International Education, New York, Education for One = Includes studonis from the Philippines. World, 1948-19 to 1953-54; and Open Doors, 1954-55 to 1968.

Table 148.-Students from abroad enrolled in institutions of higher education in the United States by area of origin and by major field of interest: 1962-63 and 1967-68

Major field of interest and year

World

total Far East Near East Europe

Latin

America 1

North

America Africa Oceania U.S.S.R.

Stateless

or country

unknown

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Total: 1962-63 84,105 23,168 8,841 1,881 11,021 2 7,089 4,996 948 35 113 1367-68 110,315 31,228 13,341 15,488 21,908 3 12,236 6,901 1,683 68 1,456

Agriculture:

1962-63 2,205 610 330 199 564 133 328 36 5 1967-68 3,416 999 373 309 866 315 467 73 14 Business administration:

1962-61 5,597 2,049 617 641 1,059 750 376 98 7 1967-68 11,555 3,769 1,105 1,538 2,592 1,473 772 138 4 164 Education:

1962-63 3,307 987 442 248 494 740 303 91 1 1 1967-68 5,819 1,638 439 578 909 1,503 414 238 100 Engineering:

1962-63 14,257 5, 496 3, 088 1, 399 2, 654 851 669 54 8 38 1967-68 23,742 9,759 4,702 2,540 4,259 1,095 1,044 113 12 218 Humanities:

1962-63_ 11, 998 3, 807 1,11? 2,139 2,193 I, 778 679 257 4 29 1967-68 22, 356 5, 410 1, 820 4, 658 5, 894 3, 002 855 363 32 322 Medical sciences:

1962-63 4,766 1.654 514 541 895 593 467 97 1 4 1967-68 5,138 1,632 519 570 I,101 687 437 126 66 Physical and natural sciences:

1962-63 11,152 5,250 1,294 1,264 1, 271 999 865 177 12 20 1967-68 18, 628 8, 725 2,114 2, 094 2, 523 1, 587 1,161 297 8 119 Social sciences:

1962-63 9,647 3,350 1,190 1,283 1,421 1,082 1,194 111 4 12 1967-68 16,159 4,511 1,918 2,548 2,983 2,230 1,595 273 7 94 All other fields:

1962-63 733 220 75 49 256 81 41 9 2 1967-68 479 124 113 40 77 31 47 8 39 No information:

1962-63 1,043 345 185 125 214 82 74 18 1967-68 3,023 661 244 513 704 313 109 54 5 320

!South America, Mexico, Central America, and Caribbean areas. 3 Bermuda, Canada, Greenland, and St. Pierre and Miquelon. 2 Bermuda and Canada only.

112

SOURCE: Institute of international Education, "Open Doors," 1963 and 1968.
AREA OF ORIGIN

Far East

Latin America Ili 21,908

---

_ _____ 37,228

Europe _ ., 15,556

Near and , . Middle East ----- 13,347

North America ______ 1 _J 12,236

Africa ,___16,901

Oceania 1_ 1,683

Stateless or

country

unknown

1,456

0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000

NOTE.Students from Central America and Mexico are included under Latin America rather than North America.

SOURCE: Institute of International Education, Open Doors 1968.

More than 110,000 foreign students were enrolled in institutions of higher education in the United States and its outlying areas during the

academic year 1967-68. This represents a gain of 10 percent over 1966-67 and is the largest

number of students from abroad ever enrolled in

this country in a single year. Foreign students have

been attracted to the United States in ever-increasing numbers in recent years. The total has doubled

since 1960-61 and has quadrupled since 1949-50.

Many educators view the increased interest in international education as a hopeful development, one which may lead to greater understanding

among nations and peoples of the world. The foreign students In 1967-68 came from

172 countries and territories, and they attended

institutions in all 50 States, the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. As

the accompanying chart indicates, more students

came from the Far East, Latin America, and Europe

than from any other area of the world. Eight countriesCanada, India, Republic of China, Cuba,,

Iran, Japan, United Kingdom, and Koreaand the

Crown Colony of Hong Kong each sent more than

3,000 students to this country.

The students from abroad pursued a wide variety

of programs last year. The most popular fields r41`

study, in descending order, were engineering, humanities, and physical and life sciences. Approximately 48 percent of the foreign visitors were undergraduates; 44 percent, graduate students; and

six percent, special students. The academic status

of the remaining two percent is unknown.

These data are from the Institute of International

Education, 809 United Nations Plaza, New York,

N.Y. 10017. More detailed information on foreign

students in the United States and on American

students overseas may be found in the Institute's

recent report, Open Doors 1968.

V/. VANCE GRANT, specialist in educational

statistics.

Figure 10. Foreign students enrolled in American institutions of higher education, by area of origin:

1967-68

113
Table 149.-Estimated total population and enrollment by level in selected

countries of the world: 1965

Country

1

Population

(in thousands) AN levels

Enrollment

2 3 First level

of education I 4 Second levelof education 2

5 Third level

of education 3

6 Africa

Ethiopia

Nigeria

22, 590 436,585 378, 750 55,579 2,256

57,500 3, 172, 037 2, 911, 742 250, 917 9,378

South Africa 17, 867 3, 137, 886 4 2, 546, 824 4 532, 299 58, 763

United Arab Republic 29, 600 4, 624, 016 3, 450, 338 996, 555 177, 123

Asia

China (mainland) 700, 000 100, 810, 000 8 90, 000, 000 1 9, 990, 000 7 820, 000

India 483, 000 65, 999, 000 49, 639, 000 4 15, 050, 000 +1,310,000

Indonesia 105,300 13, 046, 373 6 11, 482, 647 6 1, 469.140 1 94, 586

Israel 2,563 594,167 449, 837 108, 452 35, 878

Japan 97,960 21,916,474 9, 775, 532 11, 024, 512 It 116, 430

Korea, North 12,100 2, 065, 000 2, 000, 000 65, 000

Korea, Republic of 28, 353 6, 284,187 4, 941, 345 1, 201, 207 141,635

Pakistan 102, 876 9, 818, 391 6, 920, 632 2, 622, 902 274, 857

Philippines 32, 345 7, 065, 990 85, 577, 901 1, 037, 256 450, 833

Saudi Arabia 6,750 295,702 260, 586 33, 548 X1,568

Thailand 30,591 5,053, 214 4, 623, 007 379, 485 50,722

Turkey

Vietnam, North

31, 086 4, 446, 862 3, 735, 512 8 620,152 1 91, 198

19, 000 1,115, 996 0 1, 081, 847 30,149 to 4, 000

Vietnam, Republic of 16,124 2, 068, 803 1, 660, 968 380,730 27,105

Europe

Austria 7, 255 1,136, 854 772, 153 315, 319 49,382

Belgium 9, 464 1, 811, 625 6 967,124 6 769, 012 175, 489

Czechoslovakia 14,159 2, 760, 877 2, 221, 160 398, 030 141,687

France 48, 922 9, 292, 867 5, 523, 827 3, 259, 276 509, 764

Germany:

Federal Republic

West Berlin

562, 839 5,562,061 rr 3, 621, 248 14 372, 929

202

9,556

, 247,238 230 1 122, 911 97, 948 1 26, 371

Eastern Germany 17, 028 2, 963, 994 2, 273, 597 615, 979 74, 418

Italy 51, 575 7, 839,196 4, 480, 207 3, 058, 049 300, 940

Netherlands 12, 292 2, 654, 604 1, 409, 017 1, 096, 997 148, 590

Poland 31, 496 7, 217,080 5, 176, 588 1, 788, 628 251, 864

Romania 19, 027 3, 761, 573 2, 987, 240 643,719 130, 614

Spain 31,604 4, 708, 062 3,357, 813 It 218, 483 131,766

United Kingdom 54, 436 10, 764, 285 5, 416, 926 5, 121, 399 1 225, 960

Yugoslavia_- 19,508 3,741,714 2, 945, 520 611, 271 184, 923

North America

Canada 19,604 5, 222, 059 3, 566, 019 1,332,415 323,625

Canal Zone 54 15,619 8, 741 5, 564 1,314

Cuba 7.631 1 572 476 1.321 768 220 172 30 535

Mexico 40, 913 7, 940, 968 6,916,204 891, 390 133,374

Puerto Rico 2, 633 735, 645 453,725 241,626 40, 294

United States 194, 572 54, 570, 325 31, 916, 500 17, 127, 500 5, 526, 325

Virgin Islands (U.S.A.) 43 13,469 8,856 3,899 714

Oceania

American Samoa 23 8,571 6,502 2,019 50

Australia 11,360 2, 707, 380 1, 666, 631 909,046 131, 703

Guam 77 23,310 13,488 8,198 1,624

New Zealand 2,640 688,756 472, 843 160,463 55,450

South America

Argentina 22, 352 4,163, 650 3, 124, 870 795,477 243, 303

Brazil 81,301 12,233,394 9, 923,183 2, 154, 430 155, 781

Chile 8,591 1, 919, 132 1, 524, 979 350, 545 43, 608

Colombia 18,068 2,718,179 2,274, 014 406,703 37, 462

Peru 11, 650 2, 248, 694 61, 876, 825 1 325, 535 46, 334

Venezuela 8,722 1, 795, 669 1, 453, 310 295, 534 46,825

U.S.S.R 230, 585 50, 662, 000 38, 343, 000 8, 459, 000 3, 860, 000

I First level includes elementary school enrollment the main function of which 8 Data for 1959.

is to provide basic instruction in the tools of learning. Preschool, kindergarten,

and special education enrollments are excluded.

0 Data for 1958.

7 Data for 1962.

2 Second level includes genera!, vocational, and teacher-training enrollments Data for 1964.

at the secondary school level. Entrance to secondary schools requires at least 4 9 Data for 1957. General education at the second level is included with the Oct

years previous instruction at the first level. Special and adult education enrollments level of education.

are excluded. 10 Data for 1956.

3 Third level includes colleges and universities that require the successful

completion of education at the second level as a minimum entrance requirement.

Adult education enrollments are excluded.

4 Data for 1963.

II Includes West Berlin.

SOURCE: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris, "Statistical Yearbook 1967."
Table 150.-Estimated population and enrollment by level in major areas of

the world: 1965

n thousands'

Major area

Population Enrollment 1

All ages 5 to 24 years

of age 2

All levels First level

of education 3

Second level

of education 4

Third level

of education

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 World total 3,269,154 1,297,937 413,101 304,004 91,082 18,015

Africa 306, 173 138, 901 29,861 25,924 3,615 322

Asia (excluding U.S.S.R.) 1, 816, 812 749, 735 148, 301 113, 876 30,703 3,722

Europe (excluding U.S.S.R.) 440, 301 139, 027 80,677 51,570 25,946 3, 161

Oceania 17, 166 5, 991, 3,967 2, 649 1, 128 190

U.S.S.R 231, 000 79, 382 50,662 38, 343 8,459 3,860

Western hemisphere:

North America 6 213, 150 77,365 57,325 36,938 14,537 5,850

Middle America 7 54,843 25,412 10,098 8,751 1, 181 16 South America 167, 017 72, 229 27,916 22,480 4, 776 660

Caribbean 22, 6112 9,895 4, 294 3,473 737 84

1 Does not include data for the mainland of China, North Korea, and North

Vietnam.

2 Does not include data for North Korea, Ryukyu Islands, Israel, Cyprus, Polynesia and Micronesia. The total population of these areas in 1965 is estimated

at 16,084,000.

3 First level includes elementary school enrollment the main function of which

is to provide basic instruction in the tools of learning. Preschool, kindergarten,

and special education enrollment are excluded.

I Second level includes general, vocational, and teacher-training enrollments at

the secondary school level. Entrance to secondary schools requires at least 4 years

previous instruction at the first level. Special and adult education enrollments are

excluded.

Third level includes colleges and universities that require the successful

completion of education at the second level as a minimum entrance requirement.

Adult education enrollments are excluded.

0 Includes United States, Canada, Bermuda, Greenland, and St. Pierre and

Miquelon.

7 Includes Mexico, British Honduras, Canal Zone, and the Central American

countries.

SOURCE: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization

Paris, "Statistical Yearbook 1967."

Table 151.-General statistics of public libraries serving areas of 50,000 or more

population: United States and outlying areas, 1953 to 1965

Item

1 Collections

(1)

2 1953 1956 1959 1962 1965

3 4 5 6 Number of volumes at end of year (thousands)

Number of volumes added during year (thousands)

Total circulation during year (thousands)

Professional staff (full-time equivalent)

Operating expenditures (in thousands of dollars)

Total operating expenditures

Purchase of library materials

Books

Periodicals

Audio-visual

Other library materials

Salaries

Salaries of professional librarians

All other salaries

All other operating expenditures

80,340 90,14.1 101,681 147,864 170,847

5,719 7,078 8,114 11,732 13.992

235,043 288,215 350,900 472,019 535,138

(1) (1) 8,989 11,331 12,246

$100, 313 $123,137 $156,2_22 $231, 750 $304, 604

$13, 469 $16, 665 $22, 413 $36, 107 $50, 608

(1) (1) $19, 788 $32, 353 $45, 274

(1) (1) $1, 361 $2, 285 $2, 988

(1) (1) $734 $1, 269

$69, 306 $V, 976 $109$13500 $156,4S $011, 1 $200 $2$6673116 (1) (1) $33, 455 $68, 404 $82, 620

(1) $75, 695 $83, 09 i $118, 991

$17, 538 $1?, 496 $24,659 $42, 144 $52, 385

1 Data not available,

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of Public Libraries" for 1956, 1962, and 1965 and estimates for 1953 and 1959.

115

300-004 0-70-9
Table 152.-Expenditures for instructional materials acquired for loan, and

number and percent of children participating in Elementary and Secondary Education Act Title II programs, by type of material and control and level of program: United States, fiscal year 1967

Item

1 Expenditures

All categories

School library resources

Books

Periodicals

Other printed materials

Audiovisual materials

Textbooks

Other instructional materials

Books

Periodicals

Other printed materials

Audiovisual materials

Ordering, processing, cataloging, and delivery

Enrollment

In participating schools

I n eligible schools

Participating children as a percent of eligible children

Public schools Nonpublic schools

Total

Elementary Secondary Elementary Secondary

2 3 4 5 S

$96, 679, 000 $47, 291, 000 $30, 596, 000 $7, 923, 000 $3, 802, 000

2 83, 814, 000 43, 283, 000 28, 355, 000 7, 246, 000 3, 587, 000

261, 536, 000 32, 010, 000 20, 418, 000 5, 686, 000 2,788,000

939, 000 466, 000 380, 000 57,000 35,000

1, 098, 000 553, 000 391, 000 117,000 37,000

2 20, 241, 000 10, 255, 000 7, 166, 000 1, 387, 000 726,000

3,109, 000 1, 520, 000 1, 273, 000 229,000 88,000

4, 030, 000 2, 488, 000 968, 000 448,000 127,000

1, 748, 000 1, 257, 000 262, 000 195, 000 33, 000

133, 000 72, 000 49, 000 8,000 4,000

237, 000 141, 000 61, 000 30,000 5,000

1,912, 000 1, 017, 000 595, 000 215, 000 85, 000

5, 726, 000 (3) (3) (3) (3)

44, 638, 000 24, 665, 000 14, 459, 000 3, 979, 000 1, 534, 000

+48,166,000 26, 460.000 15, 791, 000 4 4,250, 000 1, 665, 000

4 92. 7 93.2 91.6 +93.6 4 9 2 . 1

Includes cost of ordering, processing, cataloging, and delivery, and also small

additional expenditures, which were not reported by level and control.

2 Includes small amounts which were not reported by level a nd.control.

3 Data not reported separately.

4 Estimated.

Table 153.-Number of nonpublic elementary and

secondary schools with and without centralized school

libraries, by level and enrollment size of school: United States and outlying areas, 1964-65

Total

Enrollment size and library status nonpublic

schools

Elemen- Secondary

tary only only

Combined

elementary

and

secondary

1 2 3 4 5 All nonpublic schools, total 17, 130 12, 633 2, 479 2, 018

Under 300 9, 337 7, 095 1, 255 987

300-749 5, 955 4, 344 810 801

750 or more 1, 838 1,194 414 230

Schools with centralized libraries,

total 11, 077 7, 052 2, 349 1, 676

Under 300 5, 409 3, 525 1,153 731

300-749 4,241 2,720 788 733

750 or more 1, 427 807 408 212

Schools without centralized

libraries, total 6, 053 5, 581 130 342

Under 300 3, 928 3, 570 102 256

300-749 1,714 1,624 22 68

750 or more 411 387 6 18

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, revised from "Statistics of Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Schools,

1965-66."

116

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, "Second Annual

Report, Fiscal Year 1967, Title II, Elementary and Secondary Education Act of

1965."

Table 154.-General statistics of national and other

special libraries serving the Federal Government: United States, 1965

Item Total National

libraries

Other

Federal

libraries 2

1 2 3 4 Number of libraries reporting 358 3 355

Resources (thousands of units)

Volumes, including Government documents and technical reports 48, 054 21, 053 27, 002

Serial titles 313 140 173

Microform units 4, 735 602 4,133

Operating expenditures (thousands of dollars)

Total expenditures $58,188 $33, 504 $24, 683

Salaries 39, 397 23, 522 15, 875

Library materials 9, 050 2, 840 6, 210

Binding and rebinding 1,026 541 485

Other operating expenditures 8, 701 6, 601 2,100

1 The national libraries are the Library of Congress, the National Library of

Medicine, and the National Agricultural Library.

2 The reporting libraries included 136 Defense Department libraries, °d Veterans Administration field station libraries, 71 Executive Departmental libraries,

and 52 other Federal libraries. Of 175 VA libraries, 79 did not report and their

resources and expenditures are not included here.

NOTE: Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Survey of Special libraries Serving the Federal Government".
Table 155.Selected statistics for 30 large university libraries: 1967-68

Institution

Rank

order I

Total

volumes

at end

of year

Total

staff

(full-time

equivalent)2

Total

library

operating

expenditure

Salaries

and wages

of library

staff

Expenditures

for books,

other library

materials,

and binding

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 University of California, all campuses 1 9, 000, 000 2, 104 $21, 693, 000 $12, 064, 000 $8, 161,000

Harvard University 2 8, 073, 000 676 8. 298, 000 4, 653, 000 1, 862, 000

Yale University 3 3 5, 095, 000 401 4,898, 117 2, 499, 602 1, 477, 793

University of Illinois 4 4, 533, 000 467 5, 828, 000 3, 043, 000 2, 468, 000

Columbia University 5 4, 363, 000 583 4, 796, 000 3, 302, 000 1, 286, 000

University of Michigan 6 3, 816, 000 518 5, 162, 000 3, 495, 000 1, 422, 000

Cornell University 7 3, 257, 000 471 4, 494,000 2, 777,000 1,467,000

Stanford University 8 3, 071, 000 426 4, 706, 000 2, 904, 000 1, 440, 000

University of Chicago 9 2,713, 000 270 3, 464, 000 I, 828, 000 1, 202, 000

University of Wisconsin 10 2, 701, 000 417 6, 349, 000 3, 041, 000 2, 986, 000

University of Minnesota 11 2,691, 000 279 3, 619, 000 2,183, 000 1, 304, 000

University of Texas, Austin 12 2, 330, 000 283 4, 539, 000 1, 750, 000 2, 646, 000

Indiana University 13 2, 306, 000 342 4, 046, 000 2, 571, 000 1, 325, 000

University of Pennsylvania 14 2, 110,000 266 2, 602, 000 1, 537, 000 935, 000

Ohio State University 15 2, 104, 000 223 3, 439, 000 It 841, 000 1,263, 000

New York University 16 2, 031, 000 346 2, 190, 000 It 311, 000 752, 000

Princeton University 17 It 998, 000 251 2, 607, 000 1, 408, 000 1, 060, 000

Duke University 18 It 945, 000 196 1,979,000 1,110,000 780, 000

Northwestern University 19 1, 936, 000 182 2, 452, 000 1,118, 000 635, 000

University of Missouri, 20 I, 923, 000 219 2, 857, 000 1, 226, 000 1, 410, 000

Johns Hopkins University 21 1, 804, 000 253 2, 054, 000 1,182, 000 527, NO

University of Puerto Rico 22 It 705, 000 231 1, 757, 000 1, 159, 000 525, 000

University of Washington 23 1, 626, 000 319 3, 194, 000 2, 166,000 870, 000

Rutgers, The State University 24 1, 546, 000 142 2,114,000 1,259,000 753, 000

University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 25 It 541, 000 186 2, 091, 000 1,187, 000 824, 000

Louisiana State University 26 It 498, 000 187 2, 524, 000 It 447, 000 952,0,00

University of Kentucky 27 It 415, 000 177 I, 976, 000 I, 065, 000 847, 000

University of Iowa 28 It 389, 000 175 2,011,000 1,070,000 848, 000

Syracuse University 29 1, 369, 000 203 1, 855, 000 940, 000 744, 000

University of Kansas 30 It 345, 000 164 It 760, 000 884, 000 763, 000

I Institutions are ranked by the number of volumes at the end of the year (column

3). Although this is a convenient measure of size, the measures in columns 4-7

warrant equal attention for comparative purposes.

2 Data for fall 1968.

'Data on stall are for fall 1967; data on volumes and expenditures are for the

year 1966-67. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare: Office of Education, "Library Statistics of Colleges and Universities, Fa111968,1

Table 156.Average price and price index for selected hardcover books,' by

category: United States, 1957-59 to 1968

Category

1957-59 1962 1964 1966 1968

Average

price

Index Average

price

Index Average

price

Index Average

price

Index Average

price

Index

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Total $5.29 100.0 $5.90 III. 5 $6.93 131.0 $7.94 150.0 $8.47 160. 1

Agriculture 6.01 100.0 6.39 106.3 7.69 128.0 8.37 139.2 10.23 170.2

Art 10.89 100.0 8. 57 78.7 10.68 98. 1 14.73 135.4 12.00 110.2

Biography 5.02 100.0 5.94 118.3 6.65 132.5 7.57 150.9 9.03 179.9

Business 7.21 100.0 8.70 120.7 9.74 135. 1 9.74 131.2 10.00 138.7

Children's books 2.63 100.0 2.77 105.3 3.06 116.3 3.46 131.6 3.47 131.9

Economics 6.24 100.0 6.59 105.6 7.63 122.3 9.08 145. 5 9.68 155. 1

Education 4.78 100.0 5.64 118.0 5.50 115.0 5.61 117.4 6.22 130.1

History 6.25 100.0 6.72 107. 5 7.73 123. 7 8.56 137.0 9.03 144. 5

Law 8.86 100.0 10.60 119.6 9.96 112.4 10.95 123.6 12.79 144.4

Literature, fiction 3.48 100.0 3.97 114. I 4. 14 118.5 4.52 130. 0 4.93 141.7

Literature, general 3.32 100.0 4.76 143.4 5. 16 155.4 6.67 201.0 7.133 235.8

Literature, poetry 3.16 100.0 4.03 127.5 4.11 130.1 4.74 150.0 5.97 188.9

Literature, drama 3.86 100.0 4.62 119.7 5.91 153.1 6.67 172.0 8.14 210.9

Medicine 8.20 100.0 9.87 120.4 11.22 136.8 12.37 150.8 12.55 153.1

Music 5.95 100.0 6.74 113.3 6.98 117.3 8. 15 137.0 8, 65 145.4

Religion 3.73 100.0 4.42 118. 5 4.63 124. 1 5. 38 144.2 6.02 161.4

Science 8. 14 100.0 10.30 126. 5 10.99 135.0 11. 72 144.0 IL 90 146.2

Sports 4.68 100.0 5. 12 109.4 6. 13 131.0 6.28 134.0 7. 19 153.6

Technology 8.33 100.0 10.46 125.6 11.02 132.3 12.51 150.5 1E. 93 155.2

I Excludes paperbacks, Government documents, and encyclopedias.

SOURCE: "Publisher's Weekly," March 10, 1969, and fate winter issues of previous years.

117
Table 157.Average price and price index for books, periodicals, and serial se:vices: United States, 1957-59 to 1968

Item 1957-59 1960

1 2 3

Hardcover books I $5. 29 $5. 24

Mass market paperbacks (2) (2) Trade paperbacks

Periodicals

(2)4. . 92 5

(2)

. 32

Serial services 3 39. 80 50.00

Hardcover books' 100.0 99.1

Periodicals 100.0 108.1

Serial services 3 100.0 125.6

1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968

4 8 9 10 11 Average price

$5.81 $5.90 $6. 55 $6. 93 $7. 65 $7. 94 $7. 99 $8. 47 (2) . 53 . 58 . 59 . 63 . 64 . 69 . 78 (2) 3. 05

5 63 5.92 6.31 6.64 6.95 7.44 8.02 8. 65

43. 88 46. 18 47. 94 50. 85 58.78 63. 64 66.98 70. 87

Price index (1957-59=100.0)

109. 8

114.4

III. 5

120.3

123.8

128.3

131.0

135.0

144.5

141.3

150. 0

151.2

151.0

163.0

160. 1

175. 8

110.3 116.0 120. 5 127.8 147.7 159.9 168.3 178. 1

1 Excludes texts, U.S. documents, and encyclopedias.

2 Data not available.

s includes business, law, science and technology, U.S. documents, Soviet translations, and miscellaneous areas.

Table 158.General statistics of college and university

libraries: United States and outlying areas, 1959-60, 1963-64, and 1965-66

Item 1959-60 1963-64 1965 -661

1 2 3 4

Number of libraries 1, 951 2, 140 2, 207 Number of students enrolled, total (thousands) 2 3, 597 4,800 5,967 Enrolled for bachelor's and higher degrees_ 3,402 4, 529 5, 570 Enrolled in undergraduate occupational

programs 195 272 397

Collections (thousands of units)

Number of volumes at end of year 177, 000 227, 000 265, 000

Volumes per student (number of volumes di- vided by total number of students enrolled). 49. 2 47.3 44.4

Number of volumes added during year 8, 415 13, 600 18, 000

Number of periodical titles received 1,271 1, 760 2, 700

Library staff in terms of fulltime equivalents

Total staff 3 18, 000 25, 200 29, 000 Professional librarians 9, 000 11,900 13, 000 Other library staff 4 9, 000 13, 300 16, 000 Hours of student and other assistance (thousands) 12, 062 16, 400 19, 000

Library operating expenditures (excluding capital

outlay) in thousands of dollars

Operating expenditures, total $137, 245 $246, 000 $320, 000

Salaries (including contributed service) 72,495 126, 000 155, 000

Hourly wages 11, 680 19, 000 23, 500

Binding 4, 852 9, 000 11, 500

Books and other library materials 40, 760 79, 000 111, 000

Other library operating expenditures 7 458 13, 000 19, 000

Operating expenditures in percents, total 100.0 100.0 100.0

Salaries (including contributed service)___. 52.8 51.2 48.4

Hourly wages 8. 5 7.7 7.3

Binding 3.6 3.7 3.6

Books and other library materials_ 29.7 32:1 34.7

Other library operating expenditures 5.4 5.3 6.0

Library operating expenditures as percent of

total institutional expenditures for educational and general purposes 3.0 3.3 3.3

I Library data estimated by American Library Association.

2 Each enrollment figure is for the fall term of the specified year. Enrollment in

undergraduate occupational programs is estimated for fall 1959.

3 Data on staff are for the fall term of the succeeding year.

4 Includes nonprofessional staff and professional staff other than librarians.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Library Statistics of Colleges and Universities."

118

SOURCES: "Publisher's Weekly," March 10, 1969, and late winter issues of

previous years; "Library Journal, ' July 1968 and midsummer issues of previous

years.

Table 159.Estimated expenditures for educational research: United States, 1960 and 1965

]In thousands of dollars]

Source of funds 1960 1965

2 3

Total $32,945 $99,100

State' 5, 766 11, 000

Locale 2,000 3,000

Foundation 3 6,000 14,375

Federal 4 19, 179 69, 785

Department of Agriculture 21 21 Department of Defense 200 216

Department of Health, Education, and Welfare:

Public Health Service 1, 357 5,446

Office of Education 10, 836 39, 603

Other HEW 1, 038

Department of Labor 147 1, 700

Agency for International Development 2,221

National Aeronautics and Space Administration__ . _ 76

National Science Foundation 6,618 15, 905

Office of Economic Opportunity 3,474

Peace Corps 85

!Systematic data on educational research as a defined area are not available.

Data on State funds expended in conduct of research funded by Federal research

grants and contracts are not available; State estimate is probably considerably

underestimated.

2 Office of Education estimate based on review of selected large city school

budgets.

3 Estimate for 1965 based on review of foundation grants for the past 12 months

as reported to the Foundation Library Center. The Center estimates that up to half

of such grants are not reported and that 25 to 50 percent of educational research

funds may not be included. This estimate includes a 25-percent correction factor,

since the larger foundation grants are reported and because of the specialized

interests of many of the smaller foundations. The 1960 estimate is based on "Scientific Research and Other Programs of Private Foundations, 1960," "Review of

Data on Research and Development," National Science Foundation (August 1962)

which reported research in the field of education, to which has been added an

estimate of educational research that is classified in the NSF system as social

science research or research in other fields of science.

4 Research in other fields may be closely related to educational research. Such

research, for projects reported to it, is identified by the Science Information

Exchange of the Smithsonian Institution as "research in the area of education,"

defined as work directly applicable to a school or educational setting. Estimate

includes research in manpower development and apprenticeship training areas,

curriculum development activities, data provided by Science Information Exchange,

and fiscal reports of the Office of Education on educational research expenditures.

SOURCE: Estimates prepared by Penrose B. Jackson, Office of Program Planning

and Evaluation, Office of Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and

Welfare.
Table 160.-Number and median annual salarios of scientists, by type of em- ployer and field: United States, 1968

Type of employer Type of

Not employer

Scientific and technical field Total Educational Federal Other Nonprofit Industry Self- employed not

institutions Govern- govern- Military organi- and employed Other reported

ment ments zations business

1 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 9 10 11 12

Number

All fields 297,942 117,746 29,666 10,031 7,155 11,204 95,776 6,462 1,729 12,707 5,466

Chemistry 93, 788 20, 510 5, 247 1, 221 1, 442 2,121 53, 291 1, 069 539 6,180 2, 168

Earth and marine sciences 23, 746 5, 890 2, 982 1, 064 373 249 9, 809 2, 019 92 882 386

Atmospheric and space sciences _ 5, 745 757 1, 857 72 2,184 114 537 36 26 107 55

Physics 32, 491 15, 522 3,717 86 603 882 9, 436 249 41 1,132 823

Mathematics 24, 477 12, 837 1, 354 308 481 681 7, 289 222 219 786 300

Computer sciences 6, 972 921 516 102 141 475 4, 513 45 62 147 50

Agricultural sciences 12, 740 2, 933 4,785 2,104 184 148 2 016 250 68 175 77 Biological sciences 46, 183 27, 141 5, 030 2, 020 1, 227 2, 893 4, 521 838 255 1, 268 940

Psychology 23,077 12,810 1,443 1,977 256 2,318 1,747 1,402 176 744 204

Statistics 2, 639 889 588 149 36 132 692 21 24 71 37

Economics 11,510 6,681 1,417 517 97 505 1,636 186 41 315 115

Sociology 6, 638 4, 827 240 232 32 343 121 53 60 533 197

Political science 5,176 3, 921 348 150 95 200 116 50 34 213 49

Anthropology 1, 219 986 34 14 25 11 12 77 44 16

Linguistics 1, 541 1,121 58 15 4 118 41 10 15 110 49

Median salary

Academic Calendar

year year

Allffsids $13,200 $11,000 $13,500 $13,500 $11,200 $14,700 $14,700 $18,000 $12,600 $14,000

Chemistry 13, 500 10, 500 11, 000 13, 500 10, 800 13, 200 14, 400 17, 000 12, 000 13, 800

Earth and marine sciences 12, 900 10,700 12, 400 13, 400 11, 000 13, 000 13, 500 15, 000 12, 300 12, 600

Atmospheric and space sciences. _ 13, 400 12, 000 12, 800 13, 400 10, 900 14, 600 13, 700

Physics 14, 000 11, 000 12, 000 14, 500 11, 300 16, 800 16, 200 18, 500 7, 500 14, 600

Mathematics 13, 000 10, 200 12, 000 15, 300 13,100 18, 000 16, 800 21, 000 14, 000 13, 200

Computer sciences 14,100 12, 000 12, 800 13,700 12,700 15,100 14, 400 13, 300

Agricultural sciences 11, 000 10, 500 13, 200 10, 900 9, 300 12, 000 10, 800 12, 000 11, 700 11, 200

Biological sciercaS 13, 000 10, 500 14, 900 13, 500 11, 400 15, 000 15, 000 20, 000 11, 500 15, 000

Psychology 13, 200 11, 500 14, 000 15, 500 12, 800 13, 500 16, 800 21, 000 13, 500 14, 800

Statistics 14, 900 12, 500 14, 800 16, 200 12, 500 14, 800 15, 300

Economics 15, 000 12, 400 15, 700 17, 000 16, 000 18, 000 18, 000 20, 000 16, 000 14, 000

Sociology 12, 000 11, 000 13, 500 15, 800 11, 200 14, 500 15, 000 15,700 13, 000 14, 000

Political science 12, 000 10, 800 13, 500 17, 000 15, 000 17, 500 15, 000 13, 500

Anthropology 12, 700 12, 000 13, 500 16, 400 12, 500

Linguistics 11, 500 11, 200 12, 000 13, 500 7, 800 16, 000

NOTE: Medians were not computed for groups with fewer than 25 registrants reporting salary. All data relate to those persons reporting to the National Register of

Scientific and Technical Personnel.

SOURCE; National Science Foundation, National Register of Scientific and Technical Personnel, 1968.

119
Table 161.-Sources of funds used for research and

development: United States, 1953 to 1968

[In millions of dollars]

Year Total

Federal

GovernmentIndustry

Colleges

and universities

Other

nonprofit

institutions

1 2 3 4 5 6

1953_ $5,210 $2,750 $2,240 $150 $70

1954 5,730 3,125 2,365 170 70

1955 6,270 3,490 2,510 190 80

1956 8,470 4, 840 3, 340 200 90

1957 9,900 6,100 3,460 230 110

1958 10,850 6,765 3,700 260 125

1959 12,520 8,035 4,055 290 140

1960 13,710 8,720 4,510 330 150

1961 14,500 9,215 4,750 370 165

1962 15, 610 9, 885 5,115 420 190

1963 17,350 11,220 5,445 490 195

1964 19,180 12,530 5,880 560 210

19651__ 20,470 13,070 6,530 640 230

1966 I.__ _ 22,220 14,070 7,210 700 240

19671_- 23,800 14,930 7,870 750 250

1968 1 25, 000 15, 560 8, 330 840 270

1 Preliminary estimate.

NOTE: Data in this table are based on reports by the performers and on related

estimates.

SOURCE: National Science Foundation, "National Patterns of R. & D. Resources

1953-68," April 1967.

Table 162.-Research and development funds related

to the gross national product: United States, 1953 to

1968

[Amounts in millions of dollars]

Research and development

funds

Gross

national As percentage

product Total of gross

national

Year

Table 163.-Funds used in the performance of basic

research, applied research, and development: United States, 1966

[In millions of dollars]

Sector Total Basic

research

Applied

research

Development 1 2 3 4 c Total

Federal Government

industry

Colleges and universities

Other nonprofit institutions

$22, 220 $3, 233 $4, 931 $14, 056

3, 260

15,400

2, 830

730

1,

459

650

899

225

1,

2,

069

890

632

340

1, 732

11, 860

299

165

NOTE: Data are preliminary estimates.

SOURCE: National Science Foundation, "National Patterns of R. & D. Resources

1953-68," April 1967.

Table 164.-SourCes of funds. used for basic research:

United States, 1953 to 1966

[In millions of dollars]

Year Total Federal

Government

Industry Colleges and

universities

Other

nonprofit

institutions

1 2 3 4 5 6

1953

1954

1955

1966

1957

1958

1959

1960

1961

1962

1963

1964

1965 2

1966 2

$488

546

608

744

854

975

1,157

1,326

1, 540

1,881

2, 202

2,566

2,926

3,233

$233

(1)

(1)

(1)

404

462

613

691

843

1,094

1, 323

1,606

1,851

2,049

$148

(1)

(1)

256

282

280

331

350

382

414

425

454

497

$73

85

99

116

136

159

185

215

250

293

343

402

473

530

$34

37

43

50

58

72

79

89

97

112

122 133

148

157

product 1 Data not available. 1 2 3 4

1953 $364, 593 $5, 210 1.43

1954 364, 841 5, 730 1.57

1955 397,960 6, 270 1.58

1956 419, 238 8, 470 2.02

1957 441,134 9, 900 2.24

1958 447, 334 10,850 2.42

1959 483, 650 12, 520 2.59

1960 503, 755 13, 710 2.72

1961___ 520,109 14,500 2.79

1962 560, 325 15, 610 2.78

1963 590,503 17,350 2.94

196 4 632,410 19,180 3.03

1965 684, 884 120, 470 2.99

1966 747, 568 122, 220 2.97

1967 789,663 123, 800 3.01

1968 860, 600 125, 000 2.90

1 Preliminary estimate.

NOTE: Data on research and development funds are based on reports by

performers and on related estimates.

SOURCES: National Science Foundation, "National Patterns of R. & D. Resources

1953-68," April 1967; and U.S. Department of Commerce, Dffice of Business

Economics, "Survey of Current Business," August 1965, July 1968, and Apri11969.

2 Preliminary estimate.

NOTE: Data in this table are based on reports by the performers and on related

estimates.

SOURCE: National Science Foundation, "National Patterns of R. & D. Resources

1953-68," April 1967.

Table 165.-Estimated percentages of white and Negro attendance in elementary and secondary schools, by age of main building: United States, fall 1965

Item

Elementary schools Secondary schools

All Negro White All Negro White

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Percent of attendance in

buildings aged:

Less than 20 years

20 to 40 years_

At least 40 years

61

20

18

63

17

18

60

188 29

18

54

17 60

26

12 53

29

18

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Office of Education, Commissioners.report on "Equality of Educational Opportunity," July 2, 1966.

120
Table 166.-Estimated median achievement test scores for 1st- and 12th-grade pupils, by racial and ethnic group: United States, fall 1965

Test Racial or ethnic group

White

7 Puerto Ricans Indian

Americans

Mexican

Americans

Oriental

Americans

Negro

1 2 3 4 5 6

1st Grade:

Nonverbal 45.8 53.0 50.1 56.6 43.4 54.1 Verbal 44.9 47.8 46.5 51.6 45.4 53.2

12th Grade:

Nonverbal 43.3 47.1 45.0 51.6 40.9 52.0 Verbal 43.1 43.7 43.8 49.6 40.9 52.1 Reading 42.6 44.3 44.2 48.8 42.2 51.9 Mathematics 43.7 45.9 45.5 51.3 41.8 51.8 General information 41.7 44.7 43.3 49.0 40.6 52.2

Average of the 5 tests 43.1 45.1 44.4 50.1 41.1 52.0

NOTE: This table presents the results of standard achievement tests of certain intellectual skills such as reading, writing, calculating, and problem solving. The tests were designed to measure the skills which are the most important in our society for getting a good job and moving up to a better one, and for full participation in an in- creasingly technical world.

The scores in each test were standardized so that the average over the national sample equaled 50 and the standard deviation equaled 10. This means that for all pupils

in the Nation, about 16 percent would score below 40 and about 16 percent would score above 60.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, Commissioner's report on "Equality of Educational Opportunity," July 2,1966.

Table 167.-Estimated percent of the civilian noninstitutional population enrolled in school,' by color, sex, and age, for persons 5 to 34 years old: United States, October 1966

Sex and age

School

enrollment

as percent of

5 to 34 year

population

White Nonwhite

4

Negro Sex and age

School

enrollment

as percent of

5 to 34 year

population

White Nonwhite Negro

1 2 3 5 1 2 3 4 5

Both sexes Male

Total, 5 to 34 years 60.0% 59.9% 60.5% 60.1% Total, 5 to 34 years 64.1 64.1 63.8 63.2

5 years 72.8 73.9 66.3 64.5 18 and 19 years 57.8 59.0 49.1 46.3

6 years 97.6 97.7 97.6 97.6 20 and 21 years 41.4 44.9 17.4 14.4

7 to 9 years 99.3 99.3 99.3 99.2 22 to 24 years 21.3 23.0 8.6 9.1

10 to 13 years 99.3 99.3 99.4 99.2 25 to 29 years 9.6 10.3 4.4 2.6

14 and 15 years 98.6 98.8 97.5 97.4 30 to 34 years 3.8 3.8 4.2 2.7

16 and 17 years 88.5 89.0 85.4 85.2

18 and 19 years 47.2 48.2 40.0 37.7 Female

20 and 21 years

22 to 24 years_

29.9

13.2

32.2

14.0

14.2

7.5

11.6

6.1 Total, 5 to 34 years 56.1 55.9 51.4 51.2

25 to 29 years

30 to 34 years

6.5

2.7

6.9

2.7

3.1

2.8

2.3

2.3 5 years

6 years

74.1

97.6

75.5

97.5

66.2

98.4

65.1

98.3

Male 7 to 9 years 99.4 99.5 99.3 99.3

10 to 13 years 99.5 99.5 99.6 99.4

Total, 5 to 34 years 64.1 64.1 63.8 63.2 14 and 15 years 98.4 98.7 96.6 96.5

16 and 17 years 87.1 87.6 83.7 83.1

5 years 71.5 72.4 66.5 63.9 18 and 19 years 37.7 38.6 31.9 30.3

6 years 97.7 97.8 96.8 96.9 20 and 21 years 20.9 22.3 11.6 9.3

7 to 9 years 99.2 99.2 99.2 99.1 22 to 24 years 6.6 6.6 6.5 3.6

10 to 13 years 99.1 99.1 99.2 99.0 25 to 29 years 3.6 3.9 2.1 2.0

14 and 15 years 98.7 98.8 98.4 98.2 30 to 34 years 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.0

16 and 17 years 89.9 90.3 87.2 87.4

Includes enrollment in any type of graded public, parochial, or other private

school in the regular school system. (Excludes enrollment in nursery schools.)

Includes kindergartens, elementary schools, high schools, colleges, universities,

and professional schools. Attendance may be on either a full-time or part-time

basis and during the day or night. Enrollments in "special" schools such as trade

schools or business colleges are not included.

121

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Current

Population Reports," Series P-20, No. 167.
Table 168.- Estimated percentage 1 of Negro and white students enrolled in

schools with differing percentages of Negro students, grades 1 and 12, by area

and region: United States, fall 1965

Grade, area, and region

Racial composition of schools

90 to 100 percent 80 to 90 percent 20 to 80 percent 10 to 20 percent 0 to 10 percent Negro Negro Negro Negro Negro

Negro White

3

Negro White Negro White Negro

8

White Negro White

I 2 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 Grade 1

Metropolitan :

All regions 65.3 0.2 6.7 0.5 21.8 9.8 2.4 9.6 ?.. 8 79.9

North and West 27.8 .3 16.7 1.0 47.2 9.9 4.5 9. 1 3.8 79.7 South and Southwest 94.7 .1 .6 .1 2.0 9.2 .5 .9 2.2 89.7 Nonmetropolitan:

North and West 27.1 (2) 1.3 .1 45. 0 8.5 7.0 11.3 19.6 80. 1 South and Southwest 74.2 .3 3.6 .1 15.9 12. 1 2. 1 16.6 4.2 70.9

Grade 12

All regions 48.9 .1 12.8 .1 23.2 10.3 5.1 9.6 10.0 79.9 Metropolitan: . North and West 17. 5 .1 G.4 .1 54. 8 17. 4 8.3 8.2 13.0 74.3 South and Southwest 72.8 .2 21.9 (2) 1.2 1.6 1.2 5.9 2.9 92.3 Nonmetropolitan:

North and West 6.5 (2) 1.3 2) 23.7 4.1 16.8 7.3 51.7 88.6 South and Southwest 70. 1 .1 13. 1 (2) 5. 5 8.2 3.6 20.2 7.7 71. 5

1 Example: 65.3 percent of Negro children attending grade 1 in all regions are in

schools composed of 90 to 100 percent Negro children.

2 Less than 0.05 percent.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

Commissioner's report on "Equality of Educational Opportunity," July 2, 1966.

Table 169.-Enrollment of students taking work creditable toward a bachelor's or higher degree, by control of institution, race, and region: United States, fall

1965

Control and race All regions Region

New

England

Mideast Great

Lakes

Plains Southeast Southwest Rocky

Mountains

Far West

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Publicly controlled

Privately controlled

13, 610, 817 128, 987 418, 769 729, 341 360, 014 652, 074 388, 119 139, 272 794, 241 1, 901, 883 237, 003 641, 464 348, 813 149, 236 263, 617 85, 297 40, 101 136, 352

Total 2 15, 512, 700 365, 990 1, 060, 233 1, 078,154 509, 250 915, 691 473, 416 179, 373 930, 593

White

Negro

5, 207, 059 361, 708 1, 012, 522 1, 026,187 494, 227 805, 442 445, 058 175, 804 886,111

Other nonwhite

237, 939 2, 525 39, 229 38, 490 11, 204 105,121 21,162 1, 596 18, 612 67, 702 1,757 8, 482 13, 477 3, 819 5,128 7,196 1, 973 25, 870

Percent distribution by race 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

White

Negro 94.45 98. 82 95.50 95.17 97.05 87.95 94.01 98. 01 95. 22

Other nonwhite

4.32 .69 3.70 3.57 2.20 11.48 4.47 .89 2.00 1.23 .48 .80 1.25 .75 .56 1.52 1. 10 2.78

1 Excludes U.S. service school enrollment of 13,625 since reported data for such

schools are not included in reported totals for States or regions.

2 Total enrollment, by region, by control, is from the Office of Education survey of "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1965."

The estimated distribution of students by race is based on percentages appearing

in the Commissioner's report on "Equality of Educational Opportunity,' July 2, 1966.

NOTE: Because of rounding, percentages may not add to 100.00.

Table 170.-Estimated student-faculty ratios in institutions of higher education, by percent of Negro enrollment: United States, fall 1963

'Based on estimated full-time equivalent students and faculty)

Percent of Negro enrollment

1

All institutions Publicly controlled Privately controlled

Number of Weighted Number of Weighted Number of Weighted institutions average institutions average institutions average included student-faculty included student-faculty included student-faculty (1,917) ratio (644) ratio (1,273) ratio

2 3 4 5 6 7 0 percent 324 18 88 21 236 16 0 to 2 percent 1, 104 20 350 22 754 18 2 to 5 percent 263 22 101 25 162 17 5 to 10 percent 89 25 49 25 40 25 10 to 50 percent 41 31 17 35 24 18 50 to 100 percent 96 16 39 17 57 15

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, Commissioner's report on "Equality of Educational Opportunity," July 2, 1966.

122
INDEX

A

Page

Abandoned instruction rooms 44

Accounting, degrees conferred 82

Additional instruction rooms needed 47

Additions to plant value, higher education 92

Administrative units (school districts) 6,41-42

Adult education expenditures, public schools 54

Age:

enrollment by 4

ranges for compulsory and permissive attendance 25

Agricultuxe:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

enrollment, organized occupational curriculums. 72

enrollment, vocational education 33-34

graduates, organized occupational curriculums 72-73

Algebra, enrollment, public secondary schools 31-32

All levels of education 1-20

American college students abroad 110

Annual expenditure per pupil, public elementary and

secondary schools 56

Annual salary. (See Salaries.)

Annuity funds, higher education 93

Applied research funds 98,100,120

Architecture:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

Auditoriums 46

Auxiliary enterprises, higher education... 86,88-89,92,94

Available instruction rooms 44-46

Average daily attendance 24,26-27

Average length of school term 24,26-27

B

Bachelor's degrees 81-83

Bacteriology:

degrees conferred 82

junior-year enrollment, higher education 68

Basic administrative units 6,41-42

Basic research funds 97,100,120

Biochemistry, degrees conferred 82

Biological sciences:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

junior-year enrollment, higher education 68

Biology:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment, public secondary schools 31-32

junior-year enrollment, higher education 68

Board rates 88-,89

Bond elections, results of 51

Book and periodical prices 117-118

Botany:

degrees conferred 82

junior-year enrollment, higher education 68

Business and commerce:

degrees conferred 82

123

Page

Business and commercecontinued

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

enrollment, organized occupational curriculums. 72

graduates, organized occupational curriculums 72-73

Business education, degrees conferred 82

C

Cafeterias 46

Capital outlay:

all levels of education 15,18

higher education. (See Additions to plant value.)

public elementary and secondary schools . . . 52-54,56

Centralized school libraries 46

Chemistry:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment, public secondary schools 31-32

junior-year enrollment, higher education 68

Church affiliation:

elementary and secondary schools 29

institutions of higher education 63,80

City controlled institutions of higher education 80

City school systems 28

Civil defense adult education 105

Classrooms. (See Instruction rooms.)

Classroom teachers:

nonpublic elementary and secondary schools 37

public elementary and secondary schools 35-38

secondary schools, by field 38

College faculty abroad 110

College and universities. (See Institutions of higher

education.)

Community colleges, expenditures 54

Community services, expenditures 54

Completed instruction rooms 44-46

Compulsory attendance, age ranges for 25

Consultants, public elementary and secondary

schools 36

Counseling and guidance, degrees conferred 82

Cuban refugee program funds 105

Current expenditures:

all levels of education 15,18

higher education 89-92

public elementary and secondary schools 52-56

Current-fund income, higher education 86-89

D

Daily attendance as a percent of enrollment . . . . 24,26-27

Degrees, earned:

bachelor's, first-professional, master's, doctor's . . 81-85

82-83

82-83

82-83

83

82-83

82

82-83

by sex

dentistry

engineering

historical summary

law

major field of study

medicine
Denominational affiliation:

age

elementary and secondary schools 29

institutions of higher education 63,80

Dentistry, degrees conferred 82

Development funds 100,120

Draftees failing mental test 11

Distributive occupations, enrollment 33-34

Districts, school 6, 41-42

Doctor's degrees 81-85

Dormitory rooms, charges for 88-89

Dropouts, employment of 108-109

E

Earned degrees. (See Degrees, earned.)

Earnings by year:; of school completed . . . Economics, degrees conferred

Education:

all levels 1-20

degrees conferred 82

elementary and secondary 21-57

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

enrollment, organized occupational curriculums 72

exceptional children 29

Federal programs of 95-105

higher 59-94

selected statistics related to 107-122

structure of XII-XIII

vocational 33-34,37,57

Educational administration and supervision, degrees conferred 82

Educational attainment.. 7-11

Educational exchange program grants. . 98

Educational research expenditures 103,105,118

Education in the United States, structure of . . XII-XIII

Elementary and secondary education 21-57

Elementary education, degrees conferred . 82

Elementary schools:

nonpublic 6,42

public 6,42

Employment of graduates and dropouts 108-109

Endowment funds 92-93

Engineering :

degrees conferred 82-83

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

enrollment, higher education 72

enrollment, organized occupational curriculums 72

graduates, organized occupational curriculums 72-73

English and journalism:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

enrollment, public high schools 32

Enrollment:

dvanced degrees. 68-69

ages 5-34 4

all levels of education 2-4

by grade 23

elementary schools:

nonpublic 29-31

public 22-23,26-27

engineering 72

English:

advanced degrees 68

public secondary schools . 32

foreign languages:

advanced degrees. 68

junior-year, higher education 68

public and nonpublic secondary schools.. 32

12-14

82

124

Page Enrollmentcontinued

higher education:

advanced degrees 68

by sex 60,64-65,67-71

by type of institution 64

degree-credit 60-62,64-71

engineering 72

extension 67

first-time 61,67

full-time 67

graduate 65,67-71

junior colleges 71

junior-year 68

nondegree-credit 60,62,6

organized occupational curriculums 72

part-time 67

privately controlled institutions. . . 60-65,67,71

publicly controlled institutions 60-65,67,71

resident 65,67

undergraduate 61-62,65,67

high schools. (See Secondary schools.)

junior colleges 71

kindergarten 23,31

land-grant institutions. 94

large cities 28

mathematics:

advanced degrees 68

junior-year, higher education 68

public secondary schools 31-32

nursery schools 31

organized occupational curriculums 72

science:

advanced degrees 68

junior-year, higher education 68

public secondary schools 31-32

secondary schools:

nonpublic

public . social sciences, advanced degrees

social studies, public secondary schools

special education for exceptional children . . . . 2-3,29

vocational education 33-34

Exceptional children, enrollment:

public day schools 29

residential schools. 2-3,29

Expenditures:

adult education 54

all levels of education 15-18

by source of funds 16

community colleges 54

community services 54

Federal Government 16,97-105

higher education 89-92

instructional materials 1.16

libraries 115-116,118

per pupil, public schools 56

public elementary and secondary schools 52-56

pupil transportation 34

State and local governments 16,19-20

summer schools, public elementary and secondary 54

vocational education 57

Extension courses, enrollment 67

29-31

22-23,25-27

68

32

F

Faculty abroad 110

Faculty and other professional staff, higher education 74-76

Faculty salaries 77-78
Page

Federal programs of education 95-105

Fellowship programs 101

Field of study:

earned degrees 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

junior-year enrollment. 68

Finances. (See Capital outlay, Current expenditures,

Expenditures, Income, Property, Receipts, Salaries.)

Fine and applied arts:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

First-time college students 61,67

Foreign languages and literature:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

enrollment, secondary schools 32

junior-year enrollment, higher education 68

Foreign students in American colleges 111-113

Forestry :

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

French:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment, public and nonpublic secondary

schools 32

junior-year enrollment, higher education 68

Full-time college students 67

Funds, Federal, for education 95-105

G

General mathematics, enrollment, public secondary

schools 3132

General science, enrollment, public secondary

schools 31-32

Geography:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

Geology:

degrees conferred 82

junior-year enrollment, higher education 68

Geometry, enrollment, public secondary schools. 31-32

German:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment, public and nonpublic secondary

schools 32

junior-year enrollment, higher education 68

Gifts and grants, higher education 86,88

Government, degrees conferred 82

Grade enrollment 23

Graduate students:

enrollment 65,67-71

characteristics of 70

socioeconomic background of 70

stipend status of 71

Graduates:

high school:

number 47-48

employment of 108-109

institutions of higher education 81-85

organized occupational curriculums 72-73

Greek and Latin, degrees conferred 82

Gross national product, related to expenditures for

education 17-18

Guidance personnel, public elementary and secondary schools 36

Gymnasiums.. 46

125

aR

H

Page

Health occupations (vocational) enrollment 33-34

Health professions:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

Higher education 59-94

High school graduates:

employment of 108-109

nonpublic 48

public 48

total 47-48

High schools. (See Secondary schools.)

History:

degtees conferred 82

enrollment, public high schools 32

Home economics:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

enrollment, organized occupational curriculums. 72

enrollment, vocational education 33-34

graduates, organized occupational curriculums 72-73

I

Illiteracy 11

Income:

all levels of education 13

by age 12-13

by years of school completed 12-14

higher education 86-89

personal 55,91

public elementary and secondary schools 49-51

Indians, enrollment in Federal schools for 2-3

Institutions of higher education:

by control 6,78-80

by denominational affiliation 80

by size 78

by type 78-79

conferring most doctor's degrees 85

enrolling largest number of students 62

with large libraries 117

Instructional materials, expenditures for 116

Instructional staff, elementary and secondary schools:

nonpublic 37

public 35-36,38

Instruction rooms:

abandoned 44

additional needed 47

available 44-46

combustible and noncombustible 45-46

completed 44-46

completed before and after 1920 45-46

in offsite facilities 45-46

in permanent and nonpermanent buildings 45-46

Interest payments 52-54,56

International educational activities 110-115

Italian, enrollment, public and nonpublic secondary

schools 32

J

Journalism and English:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

enrollment, public secondary schools 32

Junior colleges:

enrollment 71,78

number 71,78-79

Junior high schools 43

Junior-senior high schools 43
K

Page Nonpublic elementary and secondary schools:

Kindergarten, enrollment 23,31

L

Labor force status of high school graduates and

dropouts 108-109

Land-grant institutions 94

Latin and Greek, degrees conferred 82

Law:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

Length of school term 24,26-27

Level of school completed 7-11

Liberal arts colleges:

enrollment 64

Librarians, public elementary and secondary schools 36

Libraries:

college and university 117-118

national 116

nonpublic school 116

public 115

public school 116

special 116

Library expenditures:

college and university

public

public school

Library science:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

Lifetime income by years of school completed 13

Local basic administrative units 6,41-42

Local public school systems 28

Local sources, receipts from:

all levels of education 13

higher education 86,88

public elementary and secondary schools 49-51

Lunchrooms 46

Page

classroom teachers 37

enrollment 29-31

expenditures 15-16,18

graduates 48

instructional staff 37

number 6,42

Nonrevenue receipts, pub'r. c elementary and secondary schools 49

Nonsupervisory instructional staff, public elementary and secondary schools 36

Nursery schools, enrollment 31

Nursing and public health, degrees conferred 82

Nursing schools not affiliated with institutions of

higher education:

enrollment 2

number 6

0

Occupations:

high school graduates 109

school dropouts 109

Office occupations (vocational) enrollment 33-34

Office of Education, programs administered by . 103-105

One-teacher schools, public elementary 6,42

118 Organized occupational curriculums:

115 enrollment 72

116 graduates 72-73

M

Major field of study:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

junior-year enrollment, higher education.... 68

Master's degrees 81-83

Mathematics:

degrees conferred

enrollment for advanced degrees

enrollment, public high schools

junior-year enrollment, higher education

Medical technology, degrees conferred

Medicine, degrees conferred

Mentally retarded, enrollment in special education

programs for

Mental tests, draftees failing

Military science, degrees conferred

Multipurpose rooms

Music, degrees conferred

Music education, degrees conferred

82

68

31-32

68

82

82-83

29

11

82

46

82

82

National Defense Education Act (NDEA).... 97,103,105

Negroes:

in elementary and secondary schools.. . 120-121

in higher education 122

institutions attended predominantly by 75

126

P

Part-time college students 67

Per capita personal income 55

Percent of population:

5 to 34 years of age enrolled in school 4

with 4 years of college 9

with 4 years of high school 9

with less than 5 years of elementary school . 10

Per pupil cost of transportation 34

Personal income:

per capita 55

related to expenditures for higher education . . . 91

related to expenditures for public elementary

and secondary schools 55

Pharmacy, degrees conferred 82

Philosophy:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees . 68

Physical education, degrees conferred 82

Physical plant, higher education, value of 92-93

Physical sciences:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

junior-year enrollment, higher education 68

Physics:

degrees conferred

enrollment, public secondary schools 31-8322

junior-year enrollment, higher education 68

Plant funds, higher education, value of 93

Political science, degrees conferred 82

Population:

by continent 115

by country 114

college-age 64-65

percent enrolled 4

school-age 25-27

Positions, teaching:

higher education 76

public elementary and secondary schools 36
Page

Postgraduate (high school) enrollment 23

Principals, public elementary and secondary schoo!s 36

Private elementary and secondary schools:

classroom teachers 37

enrollment 29-31

expenditures 15-16,18

graduates 48

instructional staff 37

number 6,42

Private gifts and grants, higher education 86,88

Privately controlled institutions of higher education:

endowment 92

enrollment 60-65,67,71

expenditures 89-90

faculty 75

income 86-87

number 6,78-80

physical plant value 92

student charges 88-89

Professional schools:

enrollment 64

Property, higher education, value of 92-93

Psychological personnel, public elementary and

secondary schools 36

Psychology:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

Public elementary and secondary schools:

classroom teachers 35-36,38

enrollment 22-23,23-27

expenditures 52-56

graduates 48

instructional staff 35-36,38

number 6,42-43

revenue receipts 49-51

Publicly controlled institutions of higher education:

endowment 92

enrollment 60-65,67,71

expenditures 89-90

faculty 75

income 86-87

number 6,78-80

physical plant value 92

student charges 88-89

Public school systems 6,41-42

Pupil:

enrollment 22-34

expenditures 56

transportation 34

R

Receipts:

all levels of education 13

higher education 86-89

public elementary and secondary schools . 49-51

Regular 4-year high schools . 43

Religion:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees .. 68

Religious affiliation:

elementary and secondary schools 29

institutions of higher education 63,80

Research and development funds 100,120

Residence and migration of college students 66

Residential schools, exceptional children, enrollment. 2-3,29

Retention rates 7-8

Revenue receipts, public elementary and secondary

schools 49-51

127

Page

Room charges 88-89

Russian:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment, public and nonpublic secondary

schools 32

junior-year enrollment, higher education 68

S

Salaries:

higher education:

academic rank 77-78

privately controlled institutions 77

publicly controlled institutions 77

size of institution 77

type of institution 77

1 15-1 16, 118

public elementary and secondary schools:

classroom teachers 39

total instructional staff 38,40

scientists 119

Salaries offered degree candidates 109-110

School assistance in federally affected areas. 97,103-104

School bond elections, results of 51

School districts 6,41-42

School lunch program funds 98

School plants 45-46

School retention rates' 7-8

Schools:

elementary and secondary:

nonpublic 6,

public 6,42-43

higher education:

private 6,78-80

public 6,78-80

School systems 6,41-42

School year, length 24,26-27

School years completed 7-10

Science:

enrollment, public high schools 31-

junior-year enrollment, higher education

6332 Scientists:

employer 119

field 119

salaries 119

Secondary education, degrees conferred 82

Secondary schools:

nonpublic 6,42

public:

junior high, 43

junior-senior high 43

senior high 43

total 6,42-43

traditional 43

Secondary school teachers:

nonpublic:

all fields 37

by field 37

public:

all fields 35,38

by field 38

Senior high schools 43

Size of enrollment:

higher education 78

school districts 42

Social sciences:

degrees conferred 82

enrollment for advanced degrees 68

Social studies, enrollment, public high schools 32

Social work, degrees conferred 82
Sociology, degrees conferred

Spanish:

degrees conferred

cs'afillment, public and nonpublic secondary

schools . 32

junior-year enrollment, higher education. 68

Special education for exceptional children 29

Speech and dramatic arts, degrees conferred 82

Staff. (See Faculty, Classroom teachers, Instructional

staff, Teachers.)

State government, receipt:, from:

all levels of education 13

higher education , 86,88

public elementary and secondary schools 49-51

Statistics:

degrees conferred 82

junior-year enrollment, higher education. 68

Student fees, higher education 88-89

Student loan funds 93

Student loan (Federal) programs 93,98,104-105

Students. (See Enrollment.)

Subcollegiate departments, higher education:

enrollment.

graduates

instructional staff

Stmuner school expenditures, public elementary and

secondary schools

Supervisors, public elementary and secondary

schools

Page

82

82

T

2-3

48

5

54

36

Teachers:

all levels of education 5

elementary and secondary schools:

by field 37-38

cha,racteratics of 38

nonpublic 37

public. 35-36,38

higher education:

for resident instruction in degree-credit

courses 75-76

private 75

public 75

salaries':

higher education

public elementary and secondary schools

vocational education

Teachers and other instructional staff, public

elementary and secondary schools:

number 36

salaries 38,40

Tcachers colleges:

enrollment. . 64

Technical education (vocational) enrollment 33-34

77-78

38-40

37

Page

Technical and semiprofessional programs 72-73

Technological schools:

enrollment 64

Tests, draftees failing 11

Theological, religious schools:

enrollment . 64

Trade and industrial training, degrees conferred. 82

Trades and industry (vocational) enrollment 33-34

Traditional high schools 43

Transportation, public elementary and secondary

schools 34

Trigonometry, enrollment, public secondary schools. 31-32

Tuition and fees, higher education 88-89

U

Undergraduate enrollment 61-62,65,67

U.S. college students abroad 110

U.S. education, structure of XII-XIII

Universities:

enrollment 64,78

number 78-79

V

Value of physical plant and plant funds, higher

education 92-93

Value of nonexpendable funds, higher education. 92-93

Value of property, higher education 92-93

Vocational agriculture, enrollment 33-34

Vocational education:

enrollment 33-34

expenditures 57

Federal funds for 57,97-98,103-104

teachers 37

Volumes:

college and university libraries 118

public libraries 115

special libraries 116

Wages or salary of full-time employees 38

White and nonwhite persons:

enrollment 121

test scores. 121

years of school completed 7

Fir

Zoology:

degrees conferred

junior-year enrollment, higher education

128

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE:1970 0-366-064

82

68
UNITED STATES

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

DIVISION OF PUBLIC DOCUMENTS

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20402

OFFICIAL BUSINESS POSTAGE AND FEES PAID

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION

0E-10024-69