Guidance for Industry

Reports on the Status of 

Postmarketing Study Commitments — 

Implementation of Section 130 of the 

Food and Drug Administration 

Modernization Act of 1997 

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 

Food and Drug Administration 

Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) 

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) 

February 2006 

Procedural 
Guidance for Industry

Reports on the Status of 

Postmarketing Study Commitments — 

Implementation of Section 130 of the 

Food and Drug Administration 

Modernization Act of 1997 

Additional copies are available from: 

Office of Training and Communications 

Division of Drug Information, HFD-240 

Center for Drug Evaluation and Research 

Food and Drug Administration 

5600 Fishers Lane 

Rockville, MD 20857 

(Tel) 301-827-4573 

http://www.fda.gov/cder/guidance/index.htm 

or 

Office of Communication, Training, and 

Manufacturers Assistance, HFM-40 

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research 

Food and Drug Administration 

1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852-1448 

(Tel) 800-835-4709 or 301-827-1800

http://www.fda.gov/cber/guidelines.htm 

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 

Food and Drug Administration 

Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) 

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) 

February 2006 

Procedural
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

I. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................. 1

II. BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................... 1

A. Legislative History of Postmarketing Study Commitment Status Reports..............................1

B. Regulations for Reporting Postmarketing Studies .....................................................................2

C. Types of Postmarketing Studies and Reasons for Conducting Them .......................................3

D. Summary of the Final Rule that Implements Section 506B.......................................................4

1. Human Drug Products.....................................................................................................................4

2. Licensed Biological Products..........................................................................................................6

III. PROCEDURES CONCERNING POSTMARKETING STUDY COMMITMENTS 7

A. Submitting Postmarketing Study Commitment Protocols.........................................................7

B. Establishing a Study Schedule ......................................................................................................8

C. Revising a Study Schedule.............................................................................................................8

D. When to Submit Postmarketing Study Commitment Status Reports.......................................9

E. How to Submit Annual Postmarketing Study Commitment Status Reports ...........................9

1. Human Drug Products.....................................................................................................................9

2. Licensed Biological Products..........................................................................................................9

F. Submitting Final Study Reports.................................................................................................10

G. How the FDA Evaluates Fulfillment of and Release from Postmarketing Study 

Commitments ...............................................................................................................................10

IV. CONTENT AND FORMAT OF A POSTMARKETING STUDY COMMITMENT 

STATUS REPORT ......................................................................................................... 11

V. TIME FRAMES FOR THE FDA’S REVIEW OF ANNUAL STATUS REPORTS 

AND FINAL STUDY REPORTS.................................................................................. 14

A. Annual Status Reports.................................................................................................................14

B. Final Study Reports.....................................................................................................................14

VI. INFORMATION ABOUT POSTMARKETING STUDY COMMITMENTS THAT 

WILL BE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC ................................................................ 15

GLOSSARY................................................................................................................................. 18

APPENDIX A: SAMPLE X POSTMARKETING STUDY COMMITMENTS ANNUAL 

 STATUS REPORT ......................................................................................................... 19

APPENDIX B: SAMPLE X POSTMARKETING STUDY COMMITMENT STATUS 

 SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................... 21
Contains Nonbinding Recommendations

Guidance for Industry1

Reports on the Status of Postmarketing Study Commitments — 

Implementation of Section 130 of the Food and Drug 

Administration Modernization Act of 1997 

This guidance represents the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA’s) current thinking on this topic. It 

does not create or confer any rights for or on any person and does not operate to bind FDA or the public. 

You can use an alternative approach if the approach satisfies the requirements of the applicable statutes 

and regulations. If you want to discuss an alternative approach, contact the FDA staff responsible for 

implementing this guidance. If you cannot identify the appropriate FDA staff, call the appropriate 

number listed on the title page of this guidance. 

I. INTRODUCTION 

The purpose of this guidance is to assist applicants in meeting the requirements of section 130 of 

the Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997. This guidance provides 

recommendations on procedures, content, and format for submitting a postmarketing study 

commitment status report for an approved human drug or licensed biological product. This 

guidance also describes the FDA’s obligations to make certain information about postmarketing 

study commitments public, including the type of information that will be made public and the 

FDA’s time frames for reviewing postmarketing study commitment final reports. 

FDA’s guidance documents, including this guidance, do not establish legally enforceable 

responsibilities. Instead, guidances describe the Agency’s current thinking on a topic and should 

be viewed only as recommendations, unless specific regulatory or statutory requirements are 

cited. The use of the word should in Agency guidances means that something is suggested or 

recommended, but not required.

II. BACKGROUND 

A. Legislative History of Postmarketing Study Commitment Status Reports 

Section 130(a) of Title I of the Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997 (the 

Modernization Act), signed into law on November 21, 1997, added section 506B (Reports of 

 

1

 This guidance has been prepared by the Postmarketing Study Commitments Working Group, which includes 

representatives from the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) and the Center for Biologics Evaluation 

and Research (CBER) at the Food and Drug Administration. 

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Contains Nonbinding Recommendations

Postmarketing Studies) to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the “Act”) (21 U.S.C. 

356b). Section 506B gives the FDA additional authority for monitoring the progress of 

postmarketing studies that drug and biologics applicants (“you”) have agreed to or are required 

to conduct. On October 30, 2000, the FDA issued final regulations implementing that law (65 

FR 64607). The regulations went into effect on April 30, 2001 (66 FR 10815), and FDA issued a 

draft guidance related to the rule in April 2001. This final guidance complements the rule by 

describing in greater detail the content, format, and timing of the postmarketing study 

commitment reports required by section 506B. The guidance also discusses reporting of other 

postmarketing studies not subject to section 506B. 

If you are required by the FDA, or if you have entered into an agreement with the FDA, to 

conduct a postmarketing study concerning clinical safety, clinical efficacy, clinical 

pharmacology, or nonclinical toxicology, you are required to provide the Agency with an annual 

report on the status of the study until the FDA notifies you, in writing, that the Agency concurs 

with your determination that the study commitment has been fulfilled or that the study either is 

no longer feasible or would no longer provide useful information. This annual report must 

address the progress of the study or the reasons for your failure to conduct the study (21 U.S.C. 

356b(a); 21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii) and 601.70(b)). 

Section 506B also requires the FDA to make certain information available to the public about 

postmarketing study commitments, and your progress in completing those studies. More 

specifically, under section 506B(c), the FDA must develop and publish annually in the Federal 

Register a report on the status of postmarketing study commitments that you have agreed to or 

are required to conduct and for which annual status reports have been submitted (21 U.S.C. 

356b(c)). Section 506B(b) indicates that any information necessary to identify you as the 

applicant of a study and establish the status of a study and the reasons, if any, for any failure to 

carry out the study, is considered to be public information (21 U.S.C. 356b(b)). 

B. Regulations for Reporting Postmarketing Studies 

The regulations implementing section 506B of the Act apply to both human drug products and 

licensed biological products (21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii) and 601.70). These regulations are 

summarized as follows: 

• Applicants are required to file postmarketing study commitment status reports (506B 

reports) for studies that the FDA has required an applicant to conduct or that an applicant 

has agreed, in writing, to conduct, provided that the study concerns a product’s clinical 

safety, clinical efficacy, clinical pharmacology, or nonclinical toxicology (506B studies). 

 Information from 506B reports will be included in the Agency’s annual Federal Register

report and on the postmarketing study commitments Web site.2

 

• The regulations apply to 506B studies for all approved applications, with no exception 

for products that are not actively marketed. 

 

2

 http://www.fda.gov/cder/pmc

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Contains Nonbinding Recommendations

• The regulations apply only to approved human drug products and licensed biological 

products that meet the definition of drug under the Act. The regulations do not apply to 

biological products that meet the definition of device under the Act. Such biological 

devices may be subject to the device postmarket surveillance provisions in section 522 of 

the Act (21 U.S.C. 360l). The rule does not apply to new animal drugs. 

• 21 CFR 314.81(b)(2) provides that new drug application (NDA) applicants will continue 

to report to the FDA on postmarketing studies that are not 506B studies under another 

section of the annual report requirements (21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(viii)). These are studies 

conducted without a commitment to the FDA (voluntary studies); chemistry, 

manufacturing, and controls study commitments that you have agreed with the FDA to 

conduct (CMC commitments); and all product stability studies (stability studies). 

Reports on the status of voluntary studies, CMC commitments, and stability studies are 

not 506B reports. Accordingly, the 506B provisions concerning public disclosure, 

including disclosure on the FDA’s Web site and in the annual Federal Register reports, 

are not applicable to these studies. Applicants for licensed biological products are not 

required to submit reports of voluntary studies and CMC commitments to the FDA under 

21 CFR 601.70. If submitted voluntarily to the FDA, such reports would not be 506B 

reports. 

C. Types of Postmarketing Studies and Reasons for Conducting Them 

Applicants frequently perform studies after the FDA approves a product for marketing. The 

studies are used to gather additional information about product safety, efficacy, or optimal use. 

Postmarketing studies are also used to evaluate CMC issues, which are important for ensuring 

consistency and reliability of product quality. 

Generally, a postmarketing study would be conducted in one of the following circumstances. 

• The FDA can require you to conduct a postmarketing study in certain situations. For 

example, the FDA can require you to conduct studies to verify and describe clinical 

benefit for a drug or biological product approved in accordance with the accelerated 

approval provisions (21 U.S.C. 356(b)(2)(A); 21 CFR 314.510 and 601.41). For a drug 

or biological product approved on the basis of animal efficacy data because human 

efficacy studies are not ethical or feasible, an applicant must conduct studies when ethical 

and feasible to verify and describe clinical benefit and to assess the product’s safety (21 

CFR 314.610(b)(1) and 601.91(b)(1)). Section 2 of the Pediatric Research Equity Act of 

2003 (PREA) authorized the FDA to require pediatric studies of marketed drugs that are 

not adequately labeled for children. These studies may be deferred if the drug is ready 

for approval in adults before pediatric studies are completed or because of concerns about 

the safety or effectiveness of the drug in pediatric populations (21 U.S.C. 355B(a); P.L. 

108-155). The FDA may also issue an order or regulation requiring an applicant to 

provide a study report that is necessary and relevant to a determination concerning 

whether there is or may be grounds for revoking approval of an approved drug (21 U.S.C. 

355(k)(1)). You must file 506B reports for all postmarketing study commitments that 

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Contains Nonbinding Recommendations

you are required to conduct provided that the study concerns a product’s clinical safety, 

clinical efficacy, clinical pharmacology, or nonclinical toxicology. 

• A postmarketing study might be conducted because you and the FDA agree, in writing, 

that one or more such study should be conducted. These agreements can be made at the 

time of approval or after the FDA grants marketing approval to your drug. If you and the 

FDA agree at the time of drug approval that a postmarketing study should be performed, 

the study will likely be used to provide additional information about product risks, 

benefits, and/or optimal use. If you and the FDA determine after approval of the drug 

that a postmarketing study should be performed, the study will generally be used to 

address a safety concern that has been identified during the post-approval use of the drug. 

You must file 506B reports for postmarketing study commitments that you agreed, in 

writing, to conduct provided that the study concerns a product’s clinical safety, clinical 

efficacy, clinical pharmacology, or nonclinical toxicology, and provided that the study 

commitment is not a CMC commitment. 

• Frequently, postmarketing CMC studies are conducted because applicants agree, in 

writing, to conduct such studies to ensure the consistency and reliability of product 

quality (e.g., strength, purity, and potency). CMC commitments are not subject to 

506B’s reporting requirements, although 21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(viii) requires you to 

advise the FDA on the status of CMC commitments in another section of your annual 

report. 

• Product stability studies are conducted to determine the appropriate expiration date for 

drug products (21 CFR 211.166). Product stability studies are not subject to 506B’s 

reporting requirements, although 21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(viii) requires you to advise the 

FDA on the status of all product stability studies in another section of your annual report. 

• A voluntary study can be conducted on an applicant’s own initiative for a variety of 

reasons, such as the evaluation of a new indication, a new delivery system for a drug, a 

new container or closure system, or a new formulation. Voluntary studies are not subject 

to 506B’s reporting requirements, although 21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(viii) requires you to 

advise the FDA on the status of voluntary studies in another section of your annual 

report. 

D. Summary of the Final Rule that Implements Section 506B 

1. Human Drug Products 

The final rule amended 21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii) to implement section 506B. Under this 

section, you must provide the FDA with annual 506B reports on each 506B study annually until 

we notify you, in writing, that the FDA concurs with your determination that the study 

commitment has been fulfilled, or that the study is either no longer feasible or would no longer 

provide useful information. This provision will apply in rare cases to the holder of an 

abbreviated new drug application (ANDA). 

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Contains Nonbinding Recommendations

Under 21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(viii), the final rule requires you to provide the FDA with annual 

status reports on voluntary studies that are being performed by you or on your behalf, CMC 

commitments that you have agreed to perform, and for all stability studies. 

Under 21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(ix), you may list any open regulatory business with the FDA 

concerning the drug product subject to the application (e.g., a list of the applicant’s unanswered 

correspondence with the Agency, a list of the Agency’s unanswered correspondence with the 

applicant). 

The FDA provides in its annual Federal Register report and on its Web site information 

submitted in annual status reports under 21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii). The FDA does not disclose 

under the public disclosure provisions of 506B information about voluntary studies, CMC 

commitments, stability studies, or any open regulatory business submitted in NDA annual 

reports under 21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(viii) or 314.81(b)(2)(ix). 

A summary of the requirements for postmarketing study commitment status reports of human 

drug products, as stated in the rule, is depicted in the following flow chart. 

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Contains Nonbinding Recommendations

NDA/ANDA REPORTING REQUIREMENTS FOR 

POSTMARKETING STATUS REPORTS 

IS THIS STUDY EITHER REQUIRED 

BY THE FDA OR ONE THAT YOU AGREED, 

IN WRITING, TO CONDUCT?

 NO YES 

VOLUNTARY STUDY DOES THE STUDY CONCERN 

CLINICAL EFFICACY, CLINICAL 

SAFETY, CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, 

OR NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY?

NO 506B REPORT REQUIRED 

UNDER 21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii), 

BUT REPORT STATUS 

IN ANNUAL REPORT UNDER 

21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(viii) YES 

 NO 

REPORT STATUS OF 

STUDY IN 506B 

REPORT UNDER 

21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii)

 

NO 506B REPORT REQUIRED, BUT REPORT 

STATUS OF STUDY IN ANNUAL REPORT 

 UNDER 21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(viii) 

2. Licensed Biological Products 

To implement section 506B of the Act, the final rule required annual 506B reports, and revised 

existing requirements for reports of postmarket pediatric studies to require 506B reports to be 

filed under 21 CFR 601.70. 

Under new 21 CFR 601.70, you must provide the FDA with 506B reports on each 506B study 

annually until we notify you, in writing, that the FDA concurs with your determination that the 

study commitment has been fulfilled, or that the study is either no longer feasible or would no 

longer provide useful information. Status reports on voluntary studies, CMC commitments, and 

stability studies should not be reported under 21 CFR 601.70. The status of these studies should 

be reported according to your agreement, if any, with the FDA, and you may report them

voluntarily. 

A summary of the requirements for postmarketing study commitment status reports of licensed 

biological products, as stated in the rule, is depicted in the following flow chart. 

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Contains Nonbinding Recommendations

BLA REPORTING REQUIREMENTS FOR 

POSTMARKETING STATUS REPORTS 

IS THIS STUDY EITHER REQUIRED 

BY THE FDA OR ONE THAT YOU AGREED, 

IN WRITING, TO CONDUCT?

 NO YES 

 VOLUNTARY STUDY 

 DOES THE STUDY CONCERN 

NO 506B REPORT REQUIRED; NO CLINICAL EFFICACY, 

REPORT IN ACCORDANCE WITH CLINICAL SAFETY, CLINICAL 

YOUR AGREEMENT WITH THE FDA, PHARMACOLOGY, OR 

OR YOU MAY REPORT VOLUNTARILY NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY?

 

 

YES 

REPORT STATUS OF STUDY IN 

506B REPORT UNDER 

21 CFR 601.70 

III. PROCEDURES CONCERNING POSTMARKETING STUDY COMMITMENTS 

A. Submitting Postmarketing Study Commitment Protocols 

The type of study and the agreements you reached with the Agency before product approval — 

or post-approval, in some cases — will influence when the protocol for a postmarketing study 

commitment should be submitted. The time frame for submitting the study protocol should be 

negotiated between you and the review division as a part of your commitment. However, it is 

generally expected that you will submit the protocol for required studies (e.g., accelerated 

approval clinical benefit studies, animal efficacy clinical benefit and safety studies) before 

approval of your application. The FDA intends to undertake timely review of the submitted 

protocol. 

Protocols for clinical studies requiring an investigational new drug application (IND) should be 

submitted to the appropriate IND with a copy of the cover letter to the NDA, ANDA, or 

biologics license application (BLA). Protocols for studies not requiring an IND (e.g., toxicology 

or CMC studies) should be submitted to the NDA, ANDA, or BLA. If you have specific 

questions for the FDA regarding the protocol design, study conduct, study goals, and/or data 

analysis, you should include those focused questions as part of the cover letter in the submission. 

All submissions should be clearly labeled Postmarketing Study Commitment Protocol. 

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Contains Nonbinding Recommendations

B. Establishing a Study Schedule 

For each 506B study, you must develop a schedule for completing that commitment (21 CFR 

314.81(b)(2)(vii)(a)(7) and 601.70(b)(7)). Often, the study schedule is established at the time of 

approval and documented in the Agency’s approval letter for the application, and you would 

report that schedule in your initial 506B report. Otherwise, you must establish that schedule in 

your initial 506B report. The study schedule included in your 506B report should provide, for 

each commitment, dates for submission of the study protocol to the FDA, dates for completion of 

patient accrual (or initiation of an animal study, if applicable), dates for completion of the study, 

dates for submission of the final study report to the FDA, and any additional dates, if the 

commitment specifies projected dates for any additional milestones or submissions. 

Study schedules are sometimes developed with reference to the date that you and the FDA agree 

on the protocol (protocol agreement date). If you request and obtain FDA review of and 

agreement to a proposed study protocol, establish subsequent dates in your schedule with 

reference to the protocol agreement date. In most cases, you and the FDA will have concurred 

on a protocol before you are required to file your first annual postmarketing study commitment 

status report for that commitment, and you will be able to use actual dates for each entry in the 

schedule (e.g., Projected Final Study Report Submission Date: June 1, 2006). For instances 

when you and the FDA have not reached concurrence on a protocol before you file your first 

annual postmarketing study commitment status report (e.g., your annual report for a drug is due 

shortly after you entered into a commitment), you can describe your schedule dates by reference 

to a period of time from a protocol agreement date (e.g., completion of patient accrual: 6 

months after protocol agreement; completion of the study: 12 months after protocol agreement). 

If you choose not to request FDA review of and agreement to the study protocol, you should 

establish a schedule for study completion, including dates for completing all study milestones, 

without reference to a protocol agreement date. We note that if you proceed without Agency 

review of the study protocol, it is possible that, when the study is concluded, the FDA may not 

agree that the completed study satisfies your commitment. 

You do not need to provide schedules for studies conducted on your own initiative (e.g., without 

a commitment to, or requirement by, the FDA). 

C. Revising a Study Schedule 

If it becomes necessary for any reason to revise the projected dates for study milestones, submit 

a revised study schedule, along with the reasons for the revision, in your next 506B report (21 

CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii)(a)(9) and 601.70(b)(9)). Although schedule revisions are sometimes 

necessary, we will use the original study schedule to determine the study progress and to 

designate its status as pending, ongoing, or delayed (21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii)(a)(8) and 

601.70(b)(8)). If the schedule has been previously revised, you must include a copy of the 

original study schedule and the most recently revised schedule in your annual status report (21 

CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii)(a)(7),(9) and 601.70(b)(7),(9)) (see section IV). 

8
Contains Nonbinding Recommendations

D. When to Submit Postmarketing Study Commitment Status Reports 

You must submit 506B reports for both human drugs and biological products annually until we 

notify you, in writing, that the FDA concurs with your determination that the study commitment 

has been fulfilled, or that the study is either no longer feasible or would no longer provide useful 

information (21 CFR 314.81 (b)(2)(vii) and 601.70(b)) (see section III.G.). Your 506B report 

must be submitted to the FDA each year within 60 days of the anniversary of the FDA’s 

approval of your NDA, ANDA, or BLA (21 CFR 314.81(b)(2) and 601.70(c)). 

E. How to Submit Annual Postmarketing Study Commitment Status Reports 

1. Human Drug Products 

Your annual report should clearly distinguish 506B reports from reports on the status of 

voluntary studies, CMC commitments, and stability studies, with separate headings for each 

section. However, it is useful to list or cross-reference the CMC study commitments 

that you have agreed, in writing, to conduct and whose statuses are reported under 21 CFR 

314.81(b)(2)(viii) in the “Status Reports of Postmarketing Study Commitments” section of the 

annual report. The cover letter should clearly identify the annual report submission as including 

an Annual Status Report of Postmarketing Study Commitments. The annual report must be 

accompanied by one copy of Form FDA-2252 (Transmittal of Annual Reports for Drugs and 

Biologics for Human Use) (21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)). 

Two copies of your annual reports for human drug products must be sent to the review division 

responsible for reviewing the application (21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)). We encourage the electronic 

submission of annual reports, including 506B reports, submitted according to the electronic 

records requirements described under 21 CFR part 11. 

2. Licensed Biological Products 

The cover letter for annual 506B reports filed under 21 CFR 601.70 should clearly identify the 

submission as an Annual Status Report of Postmarketing Study Commitments. The annual 

report must be accompanied by one copy of Form FDA-2252 (Transmittal of Annual Reports for 

Drugs and Biologics for Human Use) (21 CFR 601.70(b)). Submit two copies of the report to 

the CBER Document Control Center, HFM-99, 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852-

1448. We encourage the electronic submission of 506B reports submitted according to the 

electronic records requirements described under 21 CFR part 11. You should submit 506B 

reports separately for each licensed product, but if you are performing multiple 506B studies for 

the same biological product, all 506B studies should be included in a single postmarketing study 

commitment annual status report. 

Do not include other notifications or submissions in your 506B report. Other notifications, such 

as manufacturing changes reported under 21 CFR 601.12, should be identified clearly and 

submitted in a separate report. 

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Contains Nonbinding Recommendations

F. Submitting Final Study Reports 

When a postmarketing study commitment has been completed or terminated early, you should 

submit a final report as a separate submission or as a supplement to the NDA, ANDA, or BLA. 

If you submit a final report as a separate submission, the cover letter should prominently identify 

the submission as POSTMARKETING STUDY COMMITMENT — FINAL STUDY 

REPORT in bold, capital letters at the top of the letter and should clearly identify the 

commitment being addressed by referring to the commitment wording and number, if any, used 

in the approval letter, as well as the date of the approval letter. Similarly, if you submit a final 

report as a supplement, the top of the cover letter should state SUPPLEMENT CONTAINS 

POSTMARKETING STUDY COMMITMENT — FINAL STUDY REPORT and clearly 

identify the commitment being addressed. If you do not designate a submission as a final study 

report, the Agency might not recognize it as such. You should submit the final study report as 

soon as possible after completing the study. 

If a postmarketing study commitment includes multiple studies, the cover letter for the 

submission of the final completed study should identify the submission dates of reports on all 

previously concluded and submitted studies. If the final study report is the first report submitted 

for multiple studies described within a single commitment, the cover letter should indicate that 

the final study report only partially addresses the commitment. 

G. How the FDA Evaluates Fulfillment of and Release from Postmarketing 

Study Commitments 

After a postmarketing study commitment has been completed (i.e., the study has been 

conducted), you are expected to submit a final study report that describes the study and its results 

and explain, if necessary, how the study fulfills the requirement or commitment. If the study 

does not fulfill the requirement or commitment, you should explain why the study was unable to 

do so and describe your future plans to meet the objective of the commitment. 

The Agency will review the final study report and determine whether the commitment has been 

satisfied. We will notify you, in writing, of our conclusion. 

• If we conclude that the study commitment has been met, we will consider the 

commitment satisfied and will notify you, in writing, that the commitment is considered 

fulfilled. You will no longer need to report the status of the study commitment in your 

annual status report. 

• If a study was completed but failed to satisfy the purpose of the requirement or 

commitment, but would still provide useful information and can be addressed through a 

study of modified design, the Agency may release the original commitment and establish 

a new postmarketing study commitment and schedule. If the FDA agrees that the failed 

study is no longer feasible or would not provide useful information, the FDA may release 

the commitment, and you will no longer need to report the status of the study 

commitment in your annual status report. 

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Contains Nonbinding Recommendations

• If you terminate a study early, you should submit the final study report for that study 

commitment for FDA review to determine whether the commitment has been satisfied. If

you terminate a study that the FDA determines is still feasible, would yield useful 

information, and can be addressed through a study of modified design, the Agency may 

release the original commitment and establish a new postmarketing study commitment 

and schedule. If you terminate a study that the FDA agrees is no longer feasible or would 

not provide useful information, the FDA may release the commitment, and you will no 

longer need to report the status of the study commitment in your annual status report. 

You are encouraged to contact the FDA if you are contemplating the early termination of 

a postmarketing study commitment. 

If you have not undertaken the postmarketing study commitment and we determine the study is 

no longer feasible or would not provide useful information, we will notify you, in writing, that 

the commitment is released. You will no longer need to report the status of the study 

commitment in your annual status report. 

IV. CONTENT AND FORMAT OF A POSTMARKETING STUDY COMMITMENT 

STATUS REPORT 

The rule implementing section 506B sets forth the required format and content of the 

postmarketing study commitment status reports that must be submitted under 21 CFR 

314.81(b)(2)(vii) and 601.70(b). These requirements are intended to ensure that the reports you 

submit contain enough information for the FDA to identify you (the applicant), the product being 

studied, the specific study being conducted, the status of the study commitment, and the reasons, 

if any, for your failure to complete the study commitment. 

Section 506B requires you to report the status of 506B studies. A postmarketing study 

commitment ideally consists of one study (i.e., the completion of a single study is expected to 

fulfill the commitment). In some cases, postmarketing study commitments made before the 

enactment of section 506B involve conducting multiple studies. When reporting on the progress 

of multiple studies being conducted under a single postmarketing study commitment, the annual 

status report should list separately the appropriate information for each study. 

You must provide the following information for each postmarketing study commitment 

submitted under 21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii) or 601.70(b) (see Appendix A for examples). 

• Applicant: The name of the individual or entity holding the approved NDA, ANDA, or 

BLA. 

• Product: The approved product’s established or proper name and proprietary name, if 

any. If the product is distributed under more than one proprietary name, you should 

include all proprietary names. 

• Application Number: The NDA, ANDA, or BLA number and supplement number, if 

any, for which the postmarketing study commitment was made. 

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Contains Nonbinding Recommendations

• NDA, ANDA, or BLA Approval Date: The date the NDA, ANDA, or BLA was first 

approved for marketing in the United States. This date will appear on the approval letter 

for the original application. 

• Date of Postmarketing Study Commitment: The date of the letter that details the 

postmarketing study commitment. For study commitments made before or at the time of 

approval of an original application or supplemental application, the commitment date is 

the same as the date of the FDA’s approval of the original application or supplemental 

application, as applicable. For commitments made after approval, the commitment date 

is the date of the FDA’s letter confirming the commitment. 

• Commitment Description: The description must include sufficient information to 

uniquely describe the study. You should provide the number assigned to each 

postmarketing study commitment as it appears in the application’s approval letter or 

postmarketing study commitment letter. Your commitment description may include the 

purpose of the study, the type of study, the patient population addressed by the study, and 

the indication(s) and dosage(s) that are to be studied (21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii)(a)(6) and 

601.70(b)(6)). Generally, the description of the postmarketing study commitment as it 

appears in the application’s approval or postmarketing study commitment letter will 

provide an adequate description. However, in cases where multiple studies are being 

conducted, the following information may be needed: 

− Purpose of the study, including study goals, objectives, and endpoints 

− Patient population being studied, including the specific illness or condition, and 

whether the study targets subpopulations such as pediatric or geriatric subjects 

− Drug dosage or delivery system

− Specific study protocol number, if applicable 

• Study Schedule: The original and most recent (if revised) study schedule for 

conducting, completing, and reporting on the postmarketing study commitment. If more 

than one study is being conducted under a single commitment, provide a schedule for 

each study. If the original schedule has been previously revised, provide both the 

original schedule and the most recently revised schedule in this section of each annual 

status report (see section III.D.). You should describe the following elements in your 

schedule: 

− Actual/projected date for submission of study protocol to the FDA 

− Date of completion of patient accrual into the study (or date of first animal dosed) 

− Completion date of the study 

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− Submission date of the final study report to the FDA 

You may also have an agreement to report important intermediate milestones (e.g., date 

of initiation of patient accrual, evaluation of surrogate endpoints in a study that also 

measures clinical benefit). If your study commitment includes a commitment to report at 

these intermediate milestones, you should include the milestones in the study schedule 

(21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii)(a)(7) and 601.70(b)(7)). For any milestones that have been 

met at the time the commitment is made (e.g., submission of the final study protocol), 

you should report the actual date that the milestone was met in the study schedule. 

• Current Status: A description of the status of the 506B study. Describe the status of 

each postmarketing study commitment against the original projected study schedule, 

regardless of whether you have submitted a revised schedule to the FDA. You should 

describe the status using only one of the following terms (21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii)(a)(8) 

and 601.70(b)(8)): 

Pending: The study has not been initiated (i.e., no subjects have been enrolled or 

animals dosed), but does not meet the criterion for delayed (i.e., the original

projected date for initiation of patient accrual or initiation of animal dosing has not 

passed). 

Ongoing: The study is proceeding according to, or is ahead of, the original schedule. 

The FDA considers a study to be ongoing until a final study report is submitted to the 

FDA, as long as the activities are proceeding according to the original study 

schedule. If patient accrual or animal dosing has started but is not complete, and the 

projected date for completion of that milestone has passed, the study should be 

categorized as delayed. 

Delayed: The progression of the study is behind the original study schedule. Delays 

can occur in any phase of the study, including patient enrollment, analysis of study 

results, or submission of the final study report to the FDA. While the original study 

schedule — not a revised schedule — serves as the basis for defining a study as 

delayed, each phase of the study will be considered in its own right. If you have one 

delayed phase, but get back on schedule during the next phase, the delayed status will 

no longer apply. 

Terminated: You ended the study before completion, and you have not yet submitted 

a final study report to the FDA. 

Submitted: You have concluded or terminated the study and have submitted a final 

study report to the FDA, but we have not yet notified you in writing that the study 

commitment has been fulfilled or that the commitment has been released. 

If more than one study is being conducted under a commitment, the status of the overall 

commitment will be based on the status of the least-progressed study. For example, if 

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you are conducting two studies, and both are progressing according to original projected 

schedules, you should categorize the commitment as ongoing. If one study is progressing 

according to the original projected schedule but the other is behind schedule, you should 

categorize the commitment as delayed. You can provide information in the “Explanation 

of Status” section of the report to explain the status of each study under a commitment in 

an effort to demonstrate progress in that commitment. 

• Explanation of Status: A brief explanation about how the study is progressing in 

reference to the original projected study schedule (21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii)(a)(9) and 

601.70(b)(9)). This information will be displayed on the Agency Web site for delayed

and terminated studies; therefore, it should be concise and should not include personal 

privacy information or trade secret information (see example in Appendix A). Provide 

the following information: 

− A brief description of the status of the study, including the patient accrual or animal 

dosing rate. Express the patient accrual or animal dosing rate by providing the 

number of patients/animals you have enrolled/dosed to date and the total number of 

patients/animals you plan to enroll/dose for the study. To the extent necessary, the 

particular status described under 21 CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii)(a)(8) or 601.70(b)(8) 

should be explained. 

− If you are unable to meet the original study schedule or any revised schedule 

(submitted under the study schedule section), provide a revised schedule and the 

reasons for the revision. 

V. TIME FRAMES FOR THE FDA’S REVIEW OF ANNUAL STATUS REPORTS 

AND FINAL STUDY REPORTS 

The FDA intends to review postmarketing study commitment annual status reports and final 

study reports according to the following time frames. 

A. Annual Status Reports 

Generally, the FDA will review annual status reports within 3 months of receipt. If we do not 

agree with your categorization of the status of the study and/or your explanation of status, we 

will contact you for clarification. We will change the reported study categorization if we find 

that the status category is not supported. 

B. Final Study Reports 

Final study reports are often submitted as a supplemental application to modify product labeling. 

When this occurs, the FDA will review the submission under established review times for 

supplements (e.g., for Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) products). In some cases, a 

postmarketing study commitment will not yield information that affects product labeling, and the 

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final study report will be submitted without a supplemental filing. In such cases, we will 

generally review the final study report within 1 year of receipt. 

VI. INFORMATION ABOUT POSTMARKETING STUDY COMMITMENTS THAT 

WILL BE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC 

Section 506B of the Act states that “[a]ny information pertaining to a [postmarketing status] 

report shall be considered to be public information to the extent that the information is necessary 

(1) to identify the sponsor; and (2) to establish the status of [the] study and the reasons, if any, 

for any failure to carry out the study” (21 U.S.C. 356b(b)). This provision is applicable to all 

506B reports. Section 506B provides the FDA with statutory authority to disclose information, 

including certain information that may be considered to constitute confidential commercial 

information. However, the FDA will not make public any trade secrets,3

 or any information that, 

if disclosed, might cause an unwarranted invasion of personal privacy.4

The FDA will publish an annual Federal Register report on the status of postmarketing study 

commitments and will maintain information about postmarketing study commitments on an 

Agency Web site. The information in the Federal Register report and on the Web site will be 

based on the verification of information submitted in your annual status reports and information 

from the Agency’s outgoing approval and postmarketing study commitment letters. Although 

you may wish to submit interim information about a study (e.g., the date patient accrual was 

actually completed), such interim information will not be used to change the status of a study 

commitment. We will update the status of a study commitment when we complete our review of 

the final study report and issue our determination regarding whether the commitment has been 

fulfilled or you have been released from the commitment, or after verification of the information 

submitted in your annual status report. 

Federal Register report. As previously discussed, section 506B(c) also requires that the FDA 

publish annually in the Federal Register a report on the status of postmarketing studies that are 

required or that you have agreed to conduct and for which you have submitted status reports. 

The information that the FDA publishes in the Federal Register report will include the 

following: 

• The number of applicants with open postmarketing study commitments 

• The number of open postmarketing study commitments 

 

3

 “A trade secret may consist of any commercially valuable plan, formula, process, or device that is used for the 

making, preparing, compounding, or processing of trade commodities and that can be said to be the end product of 

either innovation or substantial effort. There must be a direct relationship between the trade secret and the 

productive process.” (21 CFR 20.61(a)) 

4

 See, for example, 21 CFR 20.63(a), “The names or other information which would identify patients or research 

subjects in any medical or similar report, test, study, or other research project shall be deleted before the record is

made available for public disclosure.” 

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• The number of applications with open study commitments for which annual reports were 

due but not submitted by the sponsor within 60 days of the anniversary date of the 

product’s U.S. approval 

• The number of concluded postmarketing study commitments: 

− That fulfilled the terms of the commitment 

− For which a study was completed but failed to satisfy an applicant’s commitment 

− For which a study was not done and the FDA deemed it was no longer feasible or 

would no longer provide useful information and released the commitment 

Agency Web site (http://www.fda.gov/cder/pmc). To provide public access to certain 

information on the status of specific postmarketing studies, the FDA displays detailed 

information on an Agency Web site. The information included on the Web site (see Appendix 

B) comes from our review of annual 506B reports and the Agency’s outgoing approval and 

postmarketing study commitment letters. This information allows the public to follow the 

progress of 506B studies of specific interest. The Web site includes the following information: 

Applicant: 

Product: 

NDA/BLA/ANDA Number: 

Supplement Number: 

NDA/BLA Approval Date: 

Annual Report Due Date: 

Annual Report Received Date: 

Commitment Number: 

Commitment Required Under: [if the commitment is a required study] 

Original Projected Completion Date: [if available] 

Commitment Description: 

Current Status: 

Explanation of Status: [for delayed and terminated studies only] 

In establishing the FDA Web site, both CDER and CBER use data from their electronic 

databases to identify postmarketing study commitments for which an annual status report was 

expected, but not submitted. 

The FDA posts study schedule information on the Web site to the extent necessary to explain the 

status of a study. If a commitment did not have a schedule, and the Agency did not receive an 

annual postmarketing study commitment status report, the commitment is categorized according 

to the most recent information available to the Agency. 

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There may be instances when you disagree with the FDA’s categorization of the status of 

a study as it appears on the Web site. If this happens, you may contact us by e-mail at 

pmcweb@cder.fda.gov so that we can explain the displayed status or update it accordingly. 

The FDA Web site will continue to list postmarketing study commitments for no more than 1 

year from the date of the FDA’s letter confirming that the commitment was fulfilled or released. 

After that time has passed, all references to the study will be removed from the Web site. The 

information on the FDA Web site is updated quarterly in January, April, July, and October. 

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GLOSSARY 

In reporting the status of postmarketing study commitments, you should know and understand 

the following terms: 

506B Report: A status report, submitted annually by applicants within 60 days of the 

anniversary of the FDA’s approval of the product, reporting on the progress of 506B studies (21 

CFR 314.81(b)(2)(vii) and 601.70). A 506B report is required until the FDA notifies the 

applicant, in writing, that the Agency concurs that the study commitment has been fulfilled or 

that the study either is no longer feasible or would no longer provide useful information.

506B Study: A study conducted after approval that the FDA has required you to conduct or that 

you have agreed, in writing, to conduct, and that concerns a product’s clinical safety, clinical 

efficacy, clinical pharmacology, or nonclinical toxicology. 

Final Study Report: A final report providing information to complete part or all of a 

postmarketing study commitment. When a commitment includes multiple studies, a single final 

study report may or may not complete all parts of the commitment. 

Postmarketing Study: A trial or other investigation, conducted after marketing approval under a 

single protocol, to gather specific information about an approved drug or biological product. 

Postmarketing Study Commitment: An agreement between you and the FDA, confirmed in 

writing, for you to conduct one or more 506B or CMC studies. Also includes 506B studies that 

are required by the FDA (e.g., accelerated approval clinical benefit studies, animal efficacy 

clinical benefit and safety studies, deferred pediatric studies under PREA). 

Projected Final Study Report Submission Date: The projected date by which the final study 

report will be submitted to the FDA. When a commitment includes multiple studies, the 

projected final study report submission date is the date by which the final study report will be 

submitted to address the last outstanding study in the commitment. 

Projected Protocol Submission Date: The projected submission date by which the final 

protocol for the postmarketing study will be submitted. 

Projected Study Initiation Date: The projected date by which patients will begin enrollment in 

a clinical study, or the date the first animal will be dosed in a nonclinical toxicology study. 

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APPENDIX A: 

SAMPLE X POSTMARKETING STUDY COMMITMENTS 

ANNUAL STATUS REPORT 

(Submitted by the Applicant) 

Note: Certain information from this report will be displayed on the FDA Web site, 

http://www.fda.gov/cder/pmc. 

Postmarketing Study Commitments Annual Status Report: Submitted 02/01/2000. 

Applicant: AABBCC Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 

Product: Efficacymycin (Curritt)/Oral, chewable tablets (25 mg; 50 mg) 

NDA/BLA/ANDA Number: 12-345 

NDA/BLA/ANDA Approval Date: 12/31/97 

Commitment Date: 12/31/97 

Commitment Number: 1

Description of Study Commitment: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of Curritt in pediatric 

patients. Study is an open-label, randomized comparison to amoxicillin in cohort ages 2-4 and 

6-12 years. Study will include approximately 400 patients with confirmed urinary tract 

infection. Dosage: 25 mg oral chewable tablets. 

Original Schedule for Conduct and Reporting of Study: Final protocol will be submitted to 

the FDA for review by 02/01/98. Study enrollment will begin by 06/01/98, with enrollment 

concluded by 12/01/99. Last patients should complete evaluations by 04/01/00. Study final 

report will be submitted to the FDA by 10/01/00. 

Current Status: Ongoing 

Explanation of Status: Study completed enrollment of 408 patients on schedule and all patient 

evaluations were concluded 01/15/00. Study is closed. Clinical monitors are in the process of 

verifying data. Study final report should be submitted on schedule. 

Supplement Number: 005 

Commitment Date: 02/23/99 (NDA supplement 12-345/S-005: 50 mg oral chewable tablets) 

Commitment Number: 1

Description of Study Commitment: Evaluation of 50 mg Curritt in patients with impaired liver 

function. Study to include approximately 100 patients (30 with normal liver and renal function). 

Original Schedule for Conduct and Reporting of Study: Protocol was approved at time of 

study commitment (02/23/99). Study enrollment to begin 08/01/99 with enrollment to be 

concluded by 05/01/00. Last patients should complete evaluations by 10/01/00. Study final 

report will be submitted to the FDA by 02/01/01. 

Revised Schedule for Conduct and Reporting of Study: [Revised 02/01/2000]. A revised 

protocol will be submitted to the FDA by 06/01/00. Study enrollment will conclude by 

12/03/00. Current study completion date is now anticipated by 06/01/01 with a study final report 

to the FDA by 11/24/01. 

Current Status: Delayed 

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Explanation of Status: No patients have been enrolled. Two IRBs have raised issues that must 

be addressed by revising the study protocol. 

Commitment Number: 2

Commitment Date: 02/23/99 (NDA supplement 12-345/S-005: 50 mg oral chewable tablets) 

Description of Study Commitment: Evaluation of 50 mg Curritt in patients with impaired 

renal function. Study to include approximately 60 patients (15 normal). 

Original Schedule for Conduct and Reporting of Study: Protocol was approved at time of 

study commitment (02/23/99). Study enrollment started 08/01/99 with enrollment to be 

concluded by 05/01/00. Last patients should complete evaluations by 10/01/00. Study final 

report will be submitted to the FDA by 02/01/01. 

Current Status: Ongoing 

Explanation of Status: A total of 57 patients completed the study. Study report in preparation. 

The study final report will be submitted to the FDA by 02/01/01. 

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APPENDIX B: 

SAMPLE X POSTMARKETING STUDY COMMITMENT 

STATUS SUMMARY 

[To be displayed on the FDA Web site] 

Applicant: AABBCC Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 

Product: Efficacymycin (Curritt)/Oral, chewable tablets (25 mg; 50 mg) 

NDA/BLA/ANDA Number: 12-345

NDA/BLA Approval Date: 12/31/97 

Annual Report Due Date: 12/31/99 

Annual Report Received: 02/01/00 

Commitment Number: 1 

Original Projected Completion Date: 10/01/00 

Commitment Description: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of Curritt in pediatric patients. 

Study is an open-label, randomized comparison to amoxicillin in cohort ages 2-4 and 6-12 years. 

Study will include approximately 400 patients with confirmed urinary tract infection. Dosage: 

25 mg oral gelatin capsules. 

Current Status: Ongoing 

Applicant: AABBCC Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 

Product: Efficacymycin (Curritt)/Oral, chewable tablets (25 mg; 50 mg) 

NDA/BLA/ANDA Number: 12-345

Supplement Number: 005

NDA/BLA Approval Date: 12/31/97 

Annual Report Due Date: 12/31/99 

Annual Report Received: 02/01/00 

Commitment Number: 1 

Original Projected Completion Date: 02/01/01 

Commitment Description: Evaluation of 50 mg Curritt in patients with impaired liver function. 

Study to include approximately 100 patients (30 with normal liver and renal function). 

Current Status: Delayed 

Explanation of Status: No patients have been enrolled. Two IRBs have raised issues that must 

be addressed by revising the study protocol. 

Commitment Number: 2 

Original Projected Completion Date: 02/01/01 

Description of Study Commitment: Evaluation of 50 mg Curritt in patients with impaired 

renal function. Study to include approximately 60 patients (15 normal). 

Current Status: Ongoing 

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22

[Note: Postmarketing study commitment information is displayed on the Web site as one 

application per page. Thus, in this example, the information for Commitment Number 1 

established under the original application would display on a separate Web page from the 

postmarketing study commitment information for Commitment Numbers 1 and 2 established 

under supplement application number 005, as shown above.]