Tertiary Larger 

Foraminifera from Guam

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 403-E
Tertiary Larger 

Foraminifera from Guam

By W. STORRS COLE

GEOLOGY OF GUAM, MARIANA ISLANDS

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 403-E

Description, distribution, and occurrence of species 

ranging from the Eocene to the Pleistocene,and correlation with faunas of Saipan, Bikini, Eniwetok, 

Fiji, and the Malayan Archipelago

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1963
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

STEW ART L. UDALL, Secretary

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

Thomas B. Nolan, Director

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing OfEce

Washington 25, D.C.
CONTENTS

Abstract..____________________________________

Introduction __________________________________

Previous studies of larger Foraminifera from GuamDistribution and correlation of the faunas__---___- 

Eocene, Tertiary 6, Alutom Formation. 

Oligocene, Tertiary c, Alutom Formation_____

Miocene, Tertiary e, Umatac Formation______

Miocene, Tertiary/________________________

Bonya Limestone______________________

Alifan Limestone___-___-____-___-__-__

Miocene, Tertiary g, _______________________

Barrigada Limestone-___-___-____-___-_

Janum Formation..____________________

Pleistocene, Mariana Limestone_____________

Correlation with other areas_________________

Paleoecology -__-_-____-____-__--___--__---_--_

Species not described or illustrated.______________

Page

El

1

3

3

3

4

4

7

7

9

9

10

10

11

11

12

Description of species.________-__---__--__--___----- E12

____________________ 12

____________________ 12

____________________ 14

____________________ 17

___________--__-_--_ 17

Family Camerinidae ______

Genus Comen'reo______

Genus Operculina _. _ _. 

Genus Heterostegina,--- 

Genus Cycloclypeus..-.

Family Alveolinellidae____- 

Genus Flosculinella_ -

Family Rotaliidae ________

Genus Rotalia- _______

Genus Streblus ______

Family Miogypsinidae_____ 

Genus Miogypsinoides.

Family Orbitoididae..

Genus Lepidocyclina...

Family Discocyclinidae, _ _ _

Genus Asterocyclina---

References cited_______--_-__-

Index_ ____-__--__----_--_---

20

20

20

20

20

20

21

21

24

24

24

27

ILLUSTRATIONS

	[Plates 1-11 follow index]

PLATE 1. Oligocene Camerina.

2. Eocene Operculina, Eocene and Oligocene Camerina.

3. Miocene and Pleistocene Operculina.

4. Miocene Operculina.

5. Eocene Heterostegina and Operculina; Miocene Operculina, Rotalia, and Streblus; Recent Operculina.

6. Miocene to Recent Cycloclypeus.

7. Miocene Cycloclypeus.

8. Miocene to Recent Cycloclypeus.

9. Eocene Asterocyclina; Miocene Cycloclypeus, Flosculinella, Lepidocyclina, and Miogypsinoides.

10. Miocene Lepidocyclina.

11. Miocene Lepidocyclina.

FIGURE 1. Localities of collections of larger Foraminifera, Guam.

Page 

E2

TABLES

Page

TABLE 1. Distribution of species in the Alutom Formation...-- _-.______-_-__---_-_-------_-------------------------

2. Distribution of species in the Maemong Limestone Member and Bolanos Pyroclastic Member of the Umatac 

Formation __-_____-______________________________________-__--_-_-----------_---------------------

3. Distribution of species in the Bonya Limestone___ __________-__-_--_-__--------_-------------------------

4. Distribution of species in lower part of the Alif an Limestone _____________------------_--------------------

5. Distribution of species in upper part of the Alifan Limestone___--_-------_--------------------------------

6. Distribution of species in the Barrigada Limestone-------------------------------------------------------

7. Distribution of species in the Mariana Limestone--------------------------------------------------------

8. Generalized correlation between Guam, Saipan, and Eniwetok Atoll-_____-_--_----------------------------- H

ni

GEOLOGY OF GUAM, MARIANA ISLANDS

TERTIARY LARGER FORAMINIFERA FROM GUAM

By W. STORRS COLE

ABSTRACT

The distribution and occurrence of larger Foraminifera 

ranging in age from Eocene, Tertiary b, to Pleistocene on Guam 

are given in this report. Species that have not been discussed 

in previous studies of this general area are illustrated and 

described in detail, but most of the well-known species are only 

listed.

Twenty-one species were found in the Alutom Formation. 

These species, with the exception of Camerina fichteli which 

occurred at two localities, are known to be diagnostic of the 

Eocene, Tertiary b. Camerina fichteli is considered to be diagnostic of the Oligocene, Tertiary c and d, in the Malayan Archipelago. Certain localities on Guam, at which the limestone 

beds containing larger Foraminifera were known to be in their 

original position, and at which Camerina fichteli was not found, 

are assigned to Tertiary b. Other localities, at which Camerina 

fichteli was found in association with assumed reworked Tertiary 

b species, are assigned to Tertiary c. Certain other localities 

in the Alutom Formation could be either Eocene or Oligocene.

The Maemong Limestone Member of the Umatac Formation, 

with a fauna of 18 species, is assigned to the Miocene, Tertiary 

e, and is divided into two paleontologic zones. This limestone 

correlates with the Tagpochau Limestone of Saipan. The 

Bolanos Pyroclastic Member, which overlies the Maemong 

Limestone Member, is either late Tertiary e or early Tertiary 

/ (Miocene) in age, or both. The fauna obtained from boulders 

and matrix material in this conglomerate is the same as that 

from the Maemong Limestone Member.

Fifteen species, of which all but one had been recorded previously from the Futuna Limestone of Lau, Fiji, were found in 

the Bonya Limestone of Tertiary / (Miocene) age.

The lower part of the Alifan Limestone, in which Rotalia 

atjehensis and Miogypsinoides cupulaeformis were found, may 

correlate with the upper part of the Bonya Limestone or be 

slightly younger. The part of the Alifan Limestone that contains a Cycloclypeus-Operculina fauna may be still younger, 

and may be equivalent to the Barrigada Limestone of Tertiary 

g (Miocene) age.

The Barrigada Limestone, which contained only three diagnostic species of larger Foraminifera, is assigned to Tertiary 

g (Miocene), because these species were found in drill holes on 

Bikini and Eniwetok Atolls in strata that were assumed to 

represent this stage.

The fore-reef facies was the only part of the Mariana Limestone 

that contained recognizable larger Foraminifera. This facies, 

with abundant Calcarina spengleri, is Pleistocene or Recent in

INTRODUCTION

The larger Foraminifera of Guam are similar to those 

found on Saipan (Cole and Bridge, 1953; Cole, 1957a), 

in the drill holes on Bikini Atoll (Cole, 1954) and 

Eniwetok Atoll (Cole, I957b), on Lau, Fiji (Cole, 

1945), and at numerous localities in the Malayan 

Archipelago. The similarities of these faunas to those 

previously described are so great that all the species 

found in the sediments on Guam could be referred to 

species described from these other areas. Moreover, 

the association of species within a given fauna and 

the stratigraphic ranges of the genera and species are 

identical with those of adjacent areas and the Malayan 

Archipelago.

The letter classification first proposed by Van der 

Vlerk and Umbgrove (1927), and subsequently modified 

by Van der Vlerk (1955) for the subdivision of strata in 

the Malayan Archipelago, is used for Guam as it was 

in previous reports on adjacent areas. Faunas which 

characterize Tertiary b (Eocene), Tertiary c (lower 

Oligocene), Tertiary e (Miocene), Tertiary/ (Miocene), 

Tertiary g (Miocene), and Pleistocene were found on 

Guam.

The stratigraphic section of Guam is more complete 

than that of Saipan, in that species of larger Foraminifera that characterize Tertiary c, Tertiary /, and 

Tertiary g were found on Guam, but they were not 

present in any of the material collected on Saipan. 

The most striking similarity between faunas was apparent in collections from widely separated areas 

between the Tertiary / fauna of the Bonya Limestone 

of Guam and the Tertiary / fauna of the Futuna 

Limestone (Ladd and Hoffmeister, 1945, p. 36) of 

Lau, Fiji.

Whenever it was possible, specimens that could be 

separated from the matrix were studied first. These 

specimens were identified not only by their external 

appearance, but also by oriented thin sections. The 

samples that could not be reduced to free the specimens

El
E2 GEOLOGY OF GUAM, MARIANA ISLANDS

1 2 3 Miles 

j____I____I

FIGURE 1. Localities of collections of larger Foraminifera, Guam.
TERTIARY LARGER FORAMINIFERA FROM GUAM E3

were studied by means of random thin sections. Normally, a minimum of three thin sections was prepared 

from each sample. At many localities more than one 

sample was taken; therefore, numerous thin sections 

were available from these localities. The locations of 

the localities from which the samples were collected 

are shown on figure 1. The thin sections and specimens are deposited in the U.S. National Museum.

PREVIOUS STUDIES OF LARGER FORAMINIFERA FROM

GUAM

In 1938, Captain Spencer L. Higgins of the U.S. 

Navy Medical Corps sent the writer specimens of larger 

Foraminifera from fourteen localities on Guam. Six 

species from this collection were identified, and two 

specimens of Lepidocyclina were illustrated without 

being identified specifically (Cole, 1939). All the localities at which recognizable species occurred were assigned to the lower Miocene, Tertiary e.

The localities D 7, D 10, D 11, D 12, C 23, and C 27 

were correctly assigned to Tertiary e and represent the 

Maemong Limestone member. Locality D 12 definitely belongs in the Miogypsinoides dehaartii zone, 

and D 10 and D 11 probably belong in this zone. Locality D 7 definitely, and C 27 probably, should be 

assigned to the Heterostegina borneensis zone.

Localities C 23 and C 64, from which specimens 

identified as Rotalia schroeteriana (~R. atjehensis) were 

obtained, represent the Bonya Limestone of Tertiary / 

age rather than Tertiary e. However, Cole (1939) observed 

correctly that these localities were stratigraphically 

younger than the others because of the presence of 

reworked specimens of Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) 

parva (=L. (N.) sumatrensis) in the limestone from 

locality C 23.

The sample from locality D 7 was reexamined during 

this study, and two specimens of Heterostegina borneensis, which had been overlooked in the original study, 

were found.

Kecently, Cloud and Cole (1953) listed and briefly 

discussed the occurrence on Guam of certain larger 

Foraminifera from one locality that they believed to 

be Eocene in age.

DISTRIBUTION AND CORRELATION OF THE FAUNAS 

EOCENE, TERTIARY b, ALUTOM FORMATION

Diagnostic Tertiary b (Eocene) genera and species of 

larger Foraminifera occurred in abundance at certain 

localities within the Alutom Formation. The distribution of these species is shown on table 1, including their

TABLE 1. Distribution of species in the Alutom Formation 

[Matrix-free specimens: x. Specimens in thin sections: a, abundant; c, common; r, rare]

Species

Asterocydlna matanzensis 

Cole_____. _ __._ __

Biplanispira fulgeria 

(Whipple)..... .

mirabilis Umbgrove).

Camerina djokdjokarta 

(Martin) ______

fichteli (Michelotti) 

pengaronensis (VerDiscocydina omphala 

(Fritsch).. ..........

Eorupertia plecte (ChapFabiania saipanensis 

Cole...... ..........

Oypsina vesicularis

Halkyardia bikiniensis 

Cole... ....... .. ....

Heterostegina aeguatoria

Operculina eniwetokensis

Pettatispira orbitoidea

Spiroclypeus vermicularis 

Tan. ........ .. .....

Age and occurrence, locality, sample number

Eocene in original position

Hjl

1

c

2

c

3

r

r

4

c

5

r

r

r

c 

r

6

a

8

a

10

r

11

Ek7

2 3

Eocene or Oligocene with reworked Eocene

Dil

1

Fn2

1

Hi 6

1

Hn5

1 3

Iml 

1

J12

1

Jm 1

1

Oligocene with reworked Eocene

Ejl

1

X

X

Fk3

1

X

Fk4

1

c

c

3

r

r

a

4

c 

r

7

c

a

r

8

r

a

9

r

a

Fk5

1

X

X

X

X

Saipan

X 

X

X 

X

X

X 

X

X 

X

X

X

X

X 

X

X

Eniwetok

X

X 

X

X 

X

X

X

X 

X

X 

X

X 

X 

X

X 

X

X
E4 GEOLOGY OF GUAM, MARIANA ISLANDS

occurrence on Saipan (Cole, 1957a, p. 322) and in the 

Eniwetok drill holes (Cole, 1957b, p. 749).

At two localities (Ej 1 and Fk 3), numerous specimens 

of Camerina fichteli, a species which elsewhere in the 

Indo-Pacific region previously had been reported only 

in Tertiary c and Tertiary d (Oligocene) deposits, were 

found in association with typical and diagnostic 

Tertiary b (Eocene) genera and species.

Cole (Cloud and Cole, 1953, p. 323) previously had 

identified several of the species from Cloud's locality 

MGC5 (which is the same locality as Fk 3), and had 

concluded that the fossils demonstrated a Tertiary b 

(Eocene) age for this locality. Cole had recognized the 

presence of Camerina fichteli in this fauna, but had 

thought that the abundant and well-known Eocene 

species which were present at this locality could not 

have been reworked. Therefore, he suggested that on 

Guam, at least, the range of C. fichteli would have to be 

extended downward into the Eocene (Tertiary 6).

There is still a distinct possibility that this suggestion is the correct one. However, at the two localities (Hj 1 and Ek 7) within the Alutom Formation 

where the limestones are known to be in their original 

position, no specimens of Camerina fichteli were found. 

Moreover, C. fichteli was found in the matrix material 

from locality Fk 3, but specimens of this species were 

not found in the thin sections made from reworkedlimestone fragments of definite Tertiary b age collected 

at locality Fk 4, which is a few feet from locality Fk 3 

and at the same stratigraphic level.

Inasmuch as Camerina fichteli only occurred with 

known Tertiary b genera and species at localities where 

the specimens could be readily separated from the 

matrix material, there is the distinct possibility that 

these localities represent Tertiary c (Oligocene) accumulations into which reworked Tertiary b (Eocene) 

genera and species were carried.

Although it is impossible with the data at hand to 

present convincing evidence as to which possibility is 

correct, the writer favors the postulate that the upper 

part of the Alutom Formation is Tertiary c in age with 

reworked Eocene species. Elsewhere in the Indo-Pacific area, Camerina fichteli is found consistently in 

strata assigned to Tertiary c + d and has not been 

reported previously with Eocene species.

Reworked specimens occur abundantly in certain of 

the younger formation on Guam; for example, in the 

Bonya Limestone. Rutten (1948, p. 170) has reported 

that on Borneo, numerous Tertiary b species were 

found associated with a typical Tertiary e (Miocene) 

fauna, 1 and many other examples could be cited.

Fossiliferous samples were collected at 13 localities 

in the Alutom Formation (table 1). At two localities

1 The specimen identified by Rutten (1948, fig. 3) as Lockhartia sp. is not that 

genus, but an oblique section of Pettatispira.

(Hj 1 and Ek 7), the limestones are known to be in 

their original positions. These localities are placed definitely in Tertiary b. Seven localities (Di 1 through 

Jm 1, table 1) could be either Tertiary b or Tertiary 

c At these localities, only Tertiary b species were 

found, possibly because the samples were small and 

Camerina fichteli might not have been collected. In 

the geologic mapping of the Guam area, localities Di 1, 

Hn 5, Im 1, Jl 2, Jm 1, and Fk 5 were thought to be 

stratigraphically equivalent to Fk 3; and Hi 6 was 

thought to be stratigraphically higher than Fk 3. 

Therefore, on the basis of field evidence, all of these 

localities are thought to be of Tertiary c (Oligocene) age.

OLIGOCENE, TERTIARY c, ALUTOM FORMATION

The occurrence of Camerina fichteli at two localities 

within the Alutom Formation has been discussed above. 

These localities (Ej 1 and Fk 3, table 1) are assigned 

to the Tertiary c (Oligocene) on the assumption that 

the Tertiary b species that accompany C. fichteli are 

reworked.

Localities Fk4 and Fk 5 are assigned to Tertiary c on 

their known stratigraphic position in the field. Locality Fk 4 is within a few feet of Fk 3, and Fk 5 is close 

to both. The fauna from locality Fk 4 is known only 

from thin sections made from limestone boulders, and, 

as would be expected, contains only Tertiary b species. 

Matrix material from this locality would contain, without doubt, specimens of Camerina fichteli. The fauna 

from locality Fk 5 is known only from six specimens 

that were collected on the outcrop and is not representative of the potential fauna from this locality.

MIOCENE, TERTIARY c, UMATAC FORMATION

Maemong Limestone Member. The distribution of 

the species from 37 samples from 19 localities in the 

Maeiiiong Limestone Member is shown on table 2. 

Although Heterostegina borneensis was found only at 

three localities, five other localities are assigned to this 

zone, as they had species commonly associated with 

H. borneensis. Eleven localities are referred to the 

Miogypsinoides dehaartii zone, either because of the 

presence of this species, or because of the presence of 

species which normally are associated with M. 

dehaartii.

Cole (1957a, p. 324) divided the Tertiary e stage of 

Saipan into two paleontological zones, a lower zone 

characterized by Heterostegina borneensis, and an upper 

zone based on the presence of Miogypsinoides dehaartii, 

or, in its absence, on species that were found associated 

with it elsewhere.

Recently, the question has been raised as to whether 

these zones are completely distinct chronologically, 

inasmuch as they appear to represent two distinct 

facies (Schlanger, written communication). Schlanger 

interprets most of the sediments referred to the Mio-
TABLE 2. Distribution of species in the Maemong Limestone Member of the Umatac Formation 

[Matrix-free specimens: X. Specimens in thin sections: a, abundant; c, common; r rare; p, probably this species]

Species

Borelis pygmaeus Hanzawa.... __ ... _ ...

Lepidocyclina (Kulepidina) ephippioides

(Nephrolepidina) sumatrensis (Brady) ...

Miogypsina (Miogypsina) theddeaeformis 

(Rutten). __ . __ ... __ ........ ......

Miogypsinoides bantamensis Tan ............

dehaartii (Van der Vlerk). _ .....

Species zone, locality, sample number

Heterostegina borneensis

Ed 3

1

r 

c

Ed 4

1

r 

r

Ed 5

1

r 

a

,

Ee4

li

a 

c

r

Ee8

1

c 

r

Ef2

1

a 

c

c

Dhll

1

a

c

Hi 10

1

P

P

Miogypsinoides dehaartii

Ed 6

1

r

r

Ed 7

2

r

r

Ee7

1

P

Fd4

1

r

r 

r

a

GJ3

1

c 

r

2

r

3

r

4

Hi 3

1

r

a

2

a

4

c

5

C

6

r

7

...

8

C

Hi 4

1

a

2

a

3

a

4

a

5

a

a

Contains also reworked Eocene species: Camerina pengaronensis and Halkyardia bikiniensis.

TABLE 2a. Distribution of species in the Bolanos Pyrodastic Member of the Umatac Formation 

[Matrix-free specimens: X. Specimens in thin sections: a, abundant; c, common; r, rare; p, probably this species]

Species zone, locality, sample number

Species

Heterostegina borneensis Van der Vlerk ..... 

Lepidocyclina (Eulepidina) ephippioides

(Nephrolepidina) cubiculirhomboides 

Cole.............. ................

Marginopora rertebralis Quoy and Gaimard. 

Miogypsina (Miogypsina) thecideaejormis 

(Rutten).... __ . _____________

Heterostegina borneensis

Ii6

11

r

32

c 

a

33

c 

a

34

a 

c

35

c 

a

36

c 

a

37

c 

a

38

c 

c

39

X

Miogypsinoides dehaartii

Eh 2

1

a

2

a

4

a

5

a

Fdl

1

a

Fi4

1

X

X

X

Fi6

1

c

c

2

r

r

3

r

a

5

a

6

a

7

--

Fj2

1

c

2

a

3 4

a

5

a

Gi 1

2

C

3

GJ4

1 2 3 4

r

Id 2

1

r

I

2

c

3

c

c

4

c

c

7

a

c

8

c

9

--

13

a

14

c

IS

r

1

a
E6 GEOLOGY OF GUAM, MARIANA ISLANDS

gypsinoides dehaartii zone as forming on or near the reef 

wall in shallow water, and most of the sediments referred 

to the Heterostegina borneensis zone as having been deposited as fore-reef talus in deeper water. Thus, he suggests that the two paleontologic zones could be in part 

stratigraphically equivalent, rather than one being 

younger than the other.

Leupold and Van der Vlerk (1931, table 2) gave the 

stratigraphic ranges of Heterostegina borneensis as 

Tertiary ei_4 , of Miogypsinoides dehaartii as e4 _5 , and 

of Miogypsina (Miogypsina) as e 5 through /3 . Later, 

Van der Vlerk gave these same stratigraphic ranges for 

H. borneensis and M. (Miogypsina) on figure 1 of a 

report published in 1948, but in the text (p. 61) he 

stated that M. (Miogypsina) occurred with H. borneensis 

in the lower part of Tertiary e. Recently, Van der 

Vlerk (1955, table 1) published another chart on which 

he showed H. borneensis as restricted to lower Tertiary 

e, and M. (Miogypsina) as first appearing in upper 

Tertiary e. Rutten (in Bemmelen, 1949, table 13), 

following Van der Vlerk's 1948 range chart, gave overlapping ranges for H. borneensis and M. (Miogypsina), 

whereas Mohler (1949, fig. 3) did not show any M. 

(Miogypsina) below Tertiary e5 .

In the Bikini drill holes and on Saipan, Heterostegina 

borneensis and Miogypsinoides dehaartii did not occur 

together. At many localities on Saipan, M. dehaartii 

was accompanied by Miogypsina (Miogypsina). In the 

Bikini drill holes, the M. dehaartii zone occurred 

stratigraphically higher than the Heterostegina zone 

(Cole, 1954, p. 572). On Saipan it was impossible to 

check absolutely the stratigraphic relationship between 

the two zones, Hit in situations where a partial check 

could be made, the H. borneensis zone appeared to be 

stratigraphically lower than the M. dehaartii zone.

However, in the study of the samples from the 

Eniwetok drill holes, a few specimens identified as 

Heterostegina borneensis (Cole, 1957a, p. 747) were 

found at a depth of 1,210 to 1,220 feet in association 

with Miogypsinoides dehaartii. The zone of abundant 

H. borneensis did not appear in these drill holes until a 

depth of 1,688 to 1,925 feet was reached.

A core taken in the Eniwetok drill hole F-l, between 

1,230 and 1,248 feet (core 3), contained Miogypsinoides 

dehaartii and rare specimens of Miogypsina (Miogypsina) 

thecideaeformis, but did not show any specimens of 

Heterostegina borneensis. Thus, in the Saipan, Guam, 

and Eniwetok drill holes, Miogypsina (Miogypsina) 

and Miogypsinoides occur together, but H. borneensis 

was found in association with Miogypsinoides dehaartii 

in only one sample of cuttings in the Eniwetok drill 

holes.

Moreover, abundant Heterostegina borneensis have 

not been found with Miogypsinoides dehaartii and

Miogypsina (Miogypsina). In every situation where 

the stratigraphic relationship of the zones could be 

observed, the zone of abundant H. borneensis appeared 

to be stratigraphically lower than the zone of abundant 

Miogypsinoides and Miogypsina (Miogypsina).

However, the one occurrence of Heterostegina borneensis with Miogypsinoides dehaartii in Eniwetok drill hole 

F-l shows that the top part of the H. borneensis zone 

in the central Pacific overlaps the basal part of the M. 

dehaartii zone.

In the Caribbean region, miogypsinids and Heterostegina are found commonly in association in rocks of 

Oligocene and Miocene age, and in this region, at least, 

they appear to respond to the same ecological controls. 

Insofar as ecological conditions can be interpreted, 

there is no valid reason why miogypsinids and Heterostegina should not occur together in the central 

Pacific as they do in the Caribbean area and elsewhere.

Data available from the Malayan Archipelago and 

from areas adjacent to Guam indicate that Heterostegina 

borneensis is seemingly limited to the lower Tertiary e 

stage, with the exception of one drill hole on Eniwetok 

Atoll, where a few specimens assigned to this species 

were found in the basal part of upper Tertiary e. 

Miogypsinoides dehaartii, and probably Miogypsina 

(Miogypsina), seemingly is confined to upper Tertiary e 

and stratigraphically younger stages.

Therefore, it would seem from the evidence given 

that spatial separation of these two paleontologic 

zones on Guam may be due to a combination of ecologic 

and chronologic factors.

Bolanos Pyroclastic Member. The distribution of the 

species found in 52 samples collected from 10 localities 

within this member is shown on table 2. All the larger 

Foraminifera except those from localities li 6-39 and 

Fi 4-1 came from limestone boulders collected from 

this conglomerate, and therefore represent reworked 

material from the underlying Maemong Limestone 

Member. The matrix-free specimens from localities 

li 6-39 and Fi 4-1 either may be reworked specimens, 

or they may have been living in the area when the 

Bolanos Pyroclastic Member was deposited.

Nine samples from one locality (li 6) contain the 

Heterostegina borneensis fauna, but 18 other samples 

from this same locality contain the Miogypsinoides 

dehaartii fauna. The faunas from the other 9 localities 

are those of the Miogypsinoides dehaartii zone.

Inasmuch as all the larger Foraminifera found in the 

Bolanos Member are known to occur in Tertiary e 

or older beds, it is impossible to make an exact age 

assignment, as the field relationship as well as the 

fossils demonstrate that most of the boulders containing 

larger Foraminifera were derived from the underlying 

Maemong Limestone Member. As mentioned above,
TERTIARY LARGER FORAMINIFERA FROM GUAM E7

the few matrix-free specimens also could have been 

reworked.

One sample from locality li 8 represented an Eocene 

cobble containing abundant specimens of Biplanispira 

mirabilis and rare specimens of Eorupertia plecte and 

Fabiania saipanensis. Inasmuch as this was the only 

Eocene material submitted from the Bolanos Pyroclastic 

Member, it is not plotted on table 2.

Although Tertiary / species were not found, the 

Bolanos Member could have accumulated during 

Tertiary / time in a situation that was unfavorable 

for the development of Tertiary / species. Therefore, 

the Bolanos Member must have been deposited after 

the accumulation of upper Tertiary e sediments containing Miogypsinoides dehaartii, and before the 

accumulation of the Bonya Limestone of the Tertiary/ 

stage, as the Bolanos Member represents either late 

Tertiary e or early Tertiary / time, or both.

MIOCENE, TERTIARY c

BONYA LIMESTONE

Fifty-four samples from 19 localities in the Bonya 

Limestone were examined (table 3). The fauna of 

larger Foraminifera in this formation proves that it is 

equivalent stratigraphically to the upper part of the 

Futuna Limestone (Ladd and Hoffmeister, 1945, p. 36) 

of Lau, Fiji. Cole (1945, p. 272) assigned the Futuna 

Limestone to Tertiary / (Miocene). The species of 

larger Foraminifera found in the Bonya and Futuna 

Limestones have been reported from many Tertiary / 

localities in Borneo, Java, and elsewhere in the IndoPacific area. One of the first described faunas of this 

age was the one from the vicinity of Rembang, Java, 

published by Douville (1916, p. 19).

Cole (1945, table 18) listed 30 species and subspecies 

of larger Foraminifera from the Futuna Limestone of 

Lau, Fiji. This number of species and subspecies is

TABLE 3. Distribution of species in the Bonya Limestone 

[Matrix-free specimens: x. Specimens from thin sections: a, abundant; c, common; r, rare. Thin sections contain reworked Tertiary e species shown by footnotes]

Species

Flosculinella bontangensis (Rutten). .. . ._._

Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) japonica Yabe._

Mlogypsinoides cupulaeformis (ZuffardiOperculma. ammonoides (Qronovius) . . _ .....

Rotalia atjehensis Van der Vlerk _... _ . _.

Species

Cycloclypeus (Cyclodypeus) indopadficus Tan__

Miogypsinoides cupulaeformis (ZuffardiLocality and sample number

Fi3

1

P

a

2

r

c

13

c

4

c

FiS

2 1

Q

a

32

a

Gi2

1

a

2

r

c

3

a

4

c

6

a

Gi4

41

c

52

c

63

c

Qjl

1

r

c

2

a

3

r

a

GJ6

M

a

82

c

a

i

c

a

7 

2

r

c

a

GJ9

1

X 

X 

X

X 

X 

X 

X

2

X 

X 

X

X 

X 

X 

X

4

X 

X 

X

X 

X 

X 

X

Hi 2

1

r

c 

r 

r 

a

2

P

r 

r

a

3

r

r

r 

a

Locality and sample number

Ih5

2

 .

P

c

3 

P

c

4 

P

c

5

r

6

a

7

c

8

c

IhlO

1

a

2

a

Ihl4

1

a

2

a

Jjl

1

a

2

 -

3

r

JJ3

1

a

2

Q

c

3

c

JJ5

2

c

3

c

JJ8

1

 -

JJ9

1

r

2

r

3

X

x

X

Rrl3

1

a

r

r

Ts2

1

a

r

la

a

r

r

r

r

Ib

c

r

r

r

1 Gypsina marianensis.

2 Pebble with Tertiary e Lepidocyclina.

3 Gypsina marianensis, Miogypsina theddeaeformis.

4 Spiroclypeus higginsi.

Spiroclypeus higginsi, Miogypsinoides dehaartii, Lepidocyclina ephippioides. 

Spiroclypeus higginsi, Lepidocyclina ephippioides.

i Miogypsina theddeaeformis, Miogypsinoides dehaartii. 

8 Streblus saipanensis.
E8 GEOLOGY OF GUAM, MARIANA ISLANDS

misleading, because, at the time the identifications 

were made, Cole attempted to recognize the various 

subspecies of Cycloclypeus proposed by Tan (1932) 

in his monograph on this genus. Moreover, certain 

species were not identified correctly; for example, 

C. (Cycloclypeus) eidae. Certain specimens from the 

Futuna Limestone previously assigned to this species 

are known now to be C. (C.) posteidae, and others represent C. (C.} indopacificus.

The list of species and subspecies from the Futuna 

Limestone, therefore, can be reduced from 30 to 27 

by the elimination of the subspecies of Cycloclypeus 

and the species of this genus that were not identified 

correctly. Additional reduction in the number of 

species in the Futuna Limestone might be possible 

if the species of the other genera present were restudied critically.

Fifteen species were identified in the samples from 

the Bonya Limestone. Thirteen of these species 

are common to the Futuna Limestone of Lau, Fiji. 

The only species found in the Bonya Limestone that 

were not reported from Lau, Fiji, are Flosculinella 

bontangensis and Eotalia atjehensis. Four of the 

species from the Bonya Limestone occur at Rembang,

Java (Douville, 1916). The following table names 

the species common to these three areas.

Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) indopacificus Tan.

Miogypsinoides cupulaeformis (ZuffardiBonya 

Limestone, 

Guam

X 

X

X

X

X

X

X

Futuna 

Limestone, 

Lau, Fiji

X

Rembang, 

Java

X

The most striking and largest species of the Bonya 

assemblage is Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus) annulatus, 

which occurred at 7 of the 19 localities. Various 

species of Lepiodocyclina occurred at 12 of the 19 

localities. At five localities, Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus) and Lepidocyclina occurred together. Flosculinella bontangensis was found at only two localities. 

The distribution of these species in the Bonya Limestone is shown in the following table:

Distribution of species of Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus), Flosculinella and Lepidocyclina in the Bonya Limestone

Specie

Locality

C. (K.) annulatus __ _______ _ _ ________ _ _ __

martini _ _______________ ___

F. bontangensis _ _ ___ ___ _____ __ _

L. (AT.) japonica _ _____ ________ _ ___ _

martini _ ___ _______

rutteni ___ _________

sumatrensis _ _ _ _ _ _

Fi3

v

v

Fi5

V

v

Gi2

v

GJ1

X

v

Gj6

v

v

GJ7

y

V

V

y

v

GJ9

y

Hi 2 Ih5

y

y

V

JJ1

y

JJ3

y

JJ5

y

y

JJ9

y

V

y

y

Rrl3

y

Ts2

y

V

V

Four localities assigned to the Bonya Limestone 

had a very small fauna. These are localities Gi 4 

(with Operculina venosa and Eotalia atjehensis), Ih 10 

(with 0. bartschi and R. atjehensis}, Ih 14 (with 0. 

bartschi, Operculina venosa and B. atjehensis), and 

Jj 8 (with Marginopora vertebralis).

ALIFAN LIMESTONE

The distribution of the species found in 48 samples 

from 17 localities in the Alifan Limestone Formation 

is shown on tables 4 and 5. The faunas from the lower 

part of the formation in the Santa Rosa-Yona and the 

Mount Alifan-Lamlam-Fena Basin areas (table 4) 

will be discussed first.

Rotalia atjehensis, a species which was found in most 

of the samples from the Bonya Limestone, was present 

in all the samples that contained larger Foraminifera 

from these two areas. Miogypsinoides cupulaeformis,

the only other species recorded, was found at three 

localities in the Santa Rosa-Yona area. In comparison, 

this species was present in the Bonya Limestone at 

seven localities. Although a careful search was made, 

no specimens, or even fragments, were found that 

would suggest the presence of other species of larger 

Foraminifera in the samples from these two areas.

The presence of Rotalia atjehensis in all the samples 

that contained Foraminifera from the lower part of 

the Alifan Limestone and the presence of Miogypsinoides cupulaeformis in certain of the samples, suggest 

that the lower part of the formation may correlate with 

a part of the Bonya Limestone. If a correlation 

could be made, the unit would be either the same age 

or slightly younger than the upper part of the Bonya 

Limestone.

The disappearance of the other species which were 

found in that part of the Bonya Limestone that might
TERTIARY LARGER FORAMINIFERA FROM GUAM E9

TABLE 4. Distribution of species in lower part of the Alifan Limestone 

[Specimens in thin sections: a, abundant; c, common; r, rare]

Species

Miogypsinoides cupulaeformis (ZuffardiLocality and sample number

Yona and Santa Rosa area

J13

2

a

Rs 1

1

r

Ts9

1

r

a

Tsl6

1

a

3

a

4

a

5

a

6

C

9

r

a

10

a

11

a

12

r

a

13

r

a

Tt 7

1

r

2

c

Mount Alifan-Lamlam-Fena basin area

Di2

1

r

Eh 3

1

c

2

c

3

c

4

C

5

c

6

c

7

r

8

r

FJ5

1

c

2

c

GJ2

1

r

Gj8

1

r

2

r

GjlO

1

c

2

r

3

c

be equivalent to a part of the Alifan Limestone may 

be the result of environmental factors. It is well 

established that certain species of rotalids are able to 

maintain themselves both in shallow and brackish 

water (Hedberg, 1934, p. 475) where other species are 

not able to survive.

Bemmelen (1949, p. 123) published a diagram which 

shows the "facies alterations of the Tertiary in the 

'Atjeh I' terrain of Sumatra." One of the zones 

recognized is a Rotaha zone. The conditions illustrated 

by this diagram appear to represent a situation comparable to that in the Rotalia zone of the Alifan 

Limestone.

In south Guam certain limestones that were mapped 

as an upper part of the Alifan Limestone contain a 

different association of larger Foraminifera (table 5). 

This part of the Alifan Limestone has a fauna that is 

more closely related to post-Miocene faunas than to 

those of Tertiary /. If species with known long 

stratigraphic ranges, such as operculinoids, are disregarded, Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) carpenteri becomes the critical species for age determination.

Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) carpenteri has been reported as ranging from Tertiary g to Recent (Umbgrove, 

1931, table, p. 80), but Tan (1932, p. 77) has stated: 

" * * * we are of the opinion that Cyd. carpenteri 

characterizes a Post-Miocene age."

The limestones mapped as Alifan thus contain faunas 

that seemingly are of two distinct ages. The Rotalia 

fauna appears to be related to the Tertiary / fauna of 

the Bonya Limestone, and the Cyclodypeus-Operculina 

fauna is seemingly post-Miocene in age and related to 

known Pleistocene faunas.

Stratigraphic ranges of the larger Foraminifera from 

mid-Miocene to Recent, however, are not completely 

known. Therefore, it is entirely possible that Cydodypeus carpenteri did exist from Tertiary g (Miocene) 

to Recent. The field evidence shows that the upper 

part of the Alifan Limestone, which contains the 

Cyclodypeus-Operculina fauna, is pre-Mariana in age.

MIOCENE, TERTIARY g

BARRIGADA LIMESTONE

Thirty-three samples from 23 localities in the Barrigada Limestone were examined, and the distribution 

of the species found is shown in table 6. Three species 

of larger Foraminifera are present, of which Operculina 

rectilata is the largest and most distinctive.

Operculina lucidisutura and 0. rectilata were described 

from samples recovered from the Bikini drill holes 

(Cole, 1954, p. 575), and later were found in the 

Eniwetok driU holes (Cole, 1957b, p. 745). These 

species occurred in strata assigned to Tertiary g 

(Miocene).

Table 5 Distribution of species in upper part of the Alifan Limestone 

[Specimens in thin sections: a, abundant; c, common; r, rare; p, probably this species]

Locality and sample number

Species Cnl

1

Ig7

1

P

Ig

1

8

2 2 3 4

Ii

5

r

'9

6

r

7

P

r

8

C

r

9

p

10

P

Ihll

3

r

Ih

2

P

12

4

P

649574 O 62-
E10 GEOLOGY OF GUAM, MARIANA ISLANDS

TABLE 6. Distribution of species in the Barrigada Limestone 

[Specimens in thin sections: a, abundant; c, common; r, rare; p, probably this species]

Species

Cycloclypeus 

(Cycloclypeus) 

postindopacificus 

Tan. ______ ..

Operculina, 

lucidisutura 

Cole. 

Locality and sample number

Npl

2

P

Np2

1

c

Nq2

1

P

2

Ncil4

1

Nr 1

4

Oql

1

Oq2

1

Osl

2 3

Otl

2 3

P

Ou6

2 3

Ov4

1 3

Ov5

1 2

Ov

7

3

Pr 2

3

c

4

r

Pv

7

1

c

PvlO

2 3

r

c

4

c

c

Qrl

1

St8

1

r

St34

1

c

c

Svl

3

r

c

4

r

c

Sv 

3

1

P

r

Sv 

4

1

r 

r

Sv 

5

1

r

r 

a

In all the drill holes, these operculinid species occurred 

stratigraphically higher than Miogypsinoides cupulaeformis, a species that occurs also on Guam in the Bonya 

and Alifan Limestones. Inasmuch as the Bonya 

Limestone is known from field evidence to underlie 

both the Barrigada Limestone and the lower part of 

the Alifan Limestone, the stratigraphic distribution of 

the species in both areas seems to be the same.

JANUM FORMATION

The Janum Formation is placed in Tertiary g largely 

on field evidence. Thin sections from three samples 

(Ts 5-14, Ts 5-15, Ts 5-16) were examined for larger 

Foraminifera. These thin sections contained abundant 

pelagic-type smaller Foraminifera, but no diagnostic 

larger ones were observed except in the thin sections 

from sample Ts 5-15, which contained several small 

Lepidocyclina. At least one of these lepidocyclines 

appeared to be in a small pebble.

Although the lepidocyclines were studied in detail, 

it was impossible to be absolutely certain of their 

specific identification because they were present only 

as off-center and tangential vertical sections. These 

sections most nearly resemble those of Lepidocyclina 

(Nephrolepidina) martini. As this is a Tertiary f species, and as the specimens are believed to be reworked,

the paleontologic evidence, slight as it is, substantiates 

the field evidence that the Janum Formation is Tertiary g in age. Moreover, thin sections from a white 

porous limestone (sample Ts 5-10), which occurs at 

the base of the Janum Formation, contain Operculina 

rectilata and Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus} postindopacificus. These species, which are characteristic of the 

Barrigada Limestone elsewhere, occur in limestone that is 

lithologically similar to the Barrigada Limestone. This 

basal limestone, however, contains, in addition, smaller 

Foraminifera that occur in the overlying Janum Formation. The Janum Formation thus either may be a 

deeper-water facies of the Barrigada Limestone, or a 

unit slightly younger than the typical Barrigada 

Limestone.

PLEISTOCENE, MARIANA LIMESTONE

The distribution of Pleistocene species from three 

localities in the Mariana Limestone, represented by 

three samples, arid from three localities in the fore-reef 

facies of the Mariana Limestone, represented by four 

samples, is shown in table 7. The typical, corralliferous part of the Mariana Limestone seemingly does 

not contain larger Foraminifera.

The fore-reef facies was deposited as a fore-reef accumulation during Pleistocene time. All the species

TABLE 7. Distribution of species in the Mariana Limestone 

[a, abundant; c, common; r, rare]

Species

Amphistegina madagascariensis d'Orbigny

Baculogypsina sphaerulata (Parker and Jones) _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Calcarina spengleri (Gmelin)

Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) carpenteri H. B. Brady_

Heterostegina suborbicularis d'Orbigny

Marginopora vertebralis Quov and Gaimard

Operculina bartschi Cushman

Fore-reef facies

Jh l

1

a 

r 

a

r

2

c 

r 

a

r

Ji 1

1

r 

r 

c

Uu 3

1

C 

C

a

r

Mariana Limestone

Cm 3

1

r

Cm 4

1

C

Ov 6

2

a

c

Locality and sample number
TERTIARY LARGER FORAMINIFERA FROM GUAM Ell

found are still living. Although certain species, Operculina bartschi for example, in this fauna are known to 

occur in Tertiary / deposits on Guam, other species, 

such as Cycloclypeus carpenteri, are thought to have 

shorter stratigraphic ranges. Calcarina spengleri, which 

in the Bikini drill holss did not appear to range below 

95 feet (Todd and Post, 1954, p. 551), probably represents a Pleistocene and Recent species.

CORRELATION WITH OTHER AREAS

The faunas of larger Foraminifera found on Guam, 

prove that most of the localities can be referred to 

the time scale developed and later modernized by 

Van der Vlerk (1955, p. 72) for Indonesia. Moreover, 

correlation can be made between Guam, Saipan, 

the drill holes on Bikini and Eniwetok Atolls, and 

Lau, Fiji. Table 8 shows the salient features of this 

correlation and some of the diagnostic species on which 

it is based.

PALEOECOLOGY

Paleoecological conditions that prevail on Guam are 

reflected in part by the genera and the abundance of 

species of larger Foraminifera at the different localities. 

It should be recognized, however, that some of the 

tests were transported from the substratum on which 

the animal lived after these tests were abandoned by 

the protoplasm in the reproductive cycle.

The fauna of the fore-reef facies of the Mariana 

Limestone, dominated by Amphistegina and Calcarina, 

most probably lived on a reef flat of the kind developed 

at Bikini Atoll. Cushman (1921, p. 352) stated that 

Calcarina "* * * is very common in the Philippine 

collection, especially in warm shallow waters, where it

is sometimes abundant." Cushman, Todd, and Post 

(1954, p. 319) stated that at Bikini Atoll the fauna of 

the reef flat "* * * is characterized by large percentages of Calcarina spengleri * * *." These tests 

accumulated, however, as detrital deposits off the reef.

The upper Alifan fauna of south Guam and the 

Barrigada fauna are characterized by Cycloclypeus and 

Operculina. Cycloclypeus develops best in the deeper 

water of seaward slopes. Operculina apparently favors 

partially protected situations but tolerates deeper water 

and lower temperature than does Calcarina. These 

faunas accumulated on the reef slope, but presumably 

in place without transportation of the tests.

The Bony a Limestone contains numerous specimens 

of Rotalia at most of the localities. Associated with 

these forms are rare specimens of Cycloclypeus, Operculina, and Lepidocyclina, as well as other genera. 

Cushman (1921, p. 348) stated, concerning a living 

rotalid similar to the species in the Bonya limestone: 

"* * * the species is characteristic of the protected 

waters among the islands of the Archipelago, and on 

the western border along the China Sea, but is not 

represented at the stations on the eastern coast bordered 

by the Pacific." The accumulation of the Bonya 

Limestone probably occurred under conditions similar 

to those in the Philippine area described by Cushman. 

That part of the Bonya Limestone represented by 

localities Gj 9 and Ts 2, at which Cycloclypeus is abundant, must have been deposited in less protected, deeper 

water on seaward slopes.

In contrast to these two situations postulated for the 

accumulation of Bonya Limestone, the Rotalia-be&ring 

sediments of the lower Alifan Limestone were deposited

TABLE 8. Generalized correlation between Guam, Saipan, and Eniwetok Atoll

Stages

Pliocene-Pleistocene

Tertiary g

............-?...........

Tertiary /or e

TGrti&rv 

Tertiary c

Tertiary 6

Stratigraphic units on 

Guam

Mariana Limestone

Barrigada Limestone

Bonya Limestone

Umatac Formation 

Bolanos Pyroclastic 

Member

Member

Characteristic fossils

Calcarina spengleri 

Cycloclypeus carpenteri

Cycloclypeus postindopacifus 

Operculina rectilata

r< i i t 

Rotalia atjehensis 

Miogypsinoides cupulaeformis

Katacycloclypeus annulatus 

Lepidocyclina martini 

rutteni

Reworked Tertiary e specimens

Miogypsinoides dehaartii

Heterostegina borneensis

Camerina fichteli

Asterocyclina (3 sp.) 

Biplanispira (2 sp.)

Fabiania saipanensis 

Pellatispira (2 sp.) 

Spiroclypeus vermicularis

Stratigraphic units on 

Saipan

Mariana Limestone

Not present

Tagpochau Limestone

............?. ..........

Matansa Limestone 

Densinyama Formation 

Hagman Formation

Section at Eniwetok 

Atoll (in feet)

0- 615

615- 860

OAfl 1 Hen

1,080-2,687

2, 687-2, 780 

(without diagnostic 

fossils)

2, 780-4, 553
E12 GEOLOGY OF GUAM, MARIANA ISLANDS

not only in protected, shallow areas but also under 

conditions not favorable for the development of other 

genera. The only other genus found in this part of 

the Alifan Limestone was Miogypsinoides, which 

occurred rarely at a few localities.

The Tertiary e fauna of the Maemong Limestone 

Member characterized by Heterostegina, presumably 

accumulated in warm water approximately 30 fathoms 

deep under protected conditions similar to those postulated for the accumulation of the Heterostegina-bGa,Ting 

sediments at Eniwetok (Cole, 1957b, p. 751). Because 

the miogypsinids are extinct, any postulate on the 

conditions under which they lived must be based on 

genera still living and with which they occur as fossils. 

Inasmuch as Heterostegina is generally associated with 

miogypsinids in the Caribbean region, the writer 

believes that these two larger Foraminifera normally 

lived under the same ecological conditions.

Schlanger (written communication) has shown that 

there are marked differences in the structure of the 

limestones from the Heterostegina-be&rmg sediments of 

the Maemong Limestone Member and those of the 

miogypsinid-bearing beds. It would seem that the 

zonation of these larger Foraminifera on Guam should 

be the result of different environmental conditions.

There is also the possibility that this zonation may 

be chronologic rather than ecologic. At Eniwetok Atoll 

the two zones apparently overlap, but it should be 

recalled that this evidence is based on the occurrence 

together of Heterostegina borneensis and Miogypsinoides 

dehaartii in only one sample of cuttings. In the 

numerous samples from Saipan, in the Bikini Atoll 

drill holes, and at numerous localities in the Malayan 

Archipelago, Heterostegina borneensis has not been 

found with Miogypsinoides dehaartii and Miogypsina 

(Miogypsina). Van der Vlerk (1955), Cole (1957a), 

and others, therefore, had assumed that the zonation 

was chronologically rather than ecologically controlled. 

SPECIES NOT DESCRIBED OR ILLUSTRATED

Inasmuch as many of the species found in the samples 

from Guam are identical with species discussed and 

illustrated in recent articles on Saipan (Cole and 

Bridge, 1953; Cole, 1957a), Bikini Atoll (Cole, 1954), 

and Eniwetok Atoll (Cole, 1957b), these species will 

not be discussed or illustrated in this article. The 

following list records the species that are not included 

in "Description of Species":

Eocene :

Asterocyclina matanzensis Cole

penuria Cole 

Biplanispira fulgeria (Whipple)

mirabilis (Umbgrove)

Camerina pengaronensis (Verbeek) 

Discocyclina omphala (Fritsch) 

Eorupertia plecte (Chapman) 

Fabiania saipanensis Cole 

Gypsina vesicularis (Parker and Jones) 

Halkyardia bikiniensis Cole 

Heterostegina saipanensis Cole 

Operculina saipanensis Cole 

Pellatispira orbitoidea (Provale)

provaleae Yabe 

Spiroclypeus vermicularis Tan

Miocene (Tertiary e):

Borelis pygmaeus Hanzawa 

Cyclodypeus (Cycloclypeus) eidae Tan 

Eorupertia semiornata (Howchin) 

Gypsina marianensis Hanzawa 

Heterostegina borneensis Van der Vlerk

Lepidocyclina (Eulepidina) ephippioides Jones and Chapman

(Nephrolepidina) verbeeki Newton and Holland 

Marginopora vertebralis Quoy and Gaimard 

Miogypsina (Miogypsina) thecideaeformis (L. Rutten) 

Miogypsinoides bantarnensis Tan

dehaartii (Van der Vlerk)

grandipustula Cole 

Sorites martini (Verbeek) 

Spiroclypeus higginsi Cole

orbitoideus H. Douville

yabei Van der Vlerk

Miocene (Tertiary g} and Pleistocene:

Amphistegina madagascariensis d'Orbigny 

Baculogypsina sphaerulata (Parker and Jones) 

Calcarina spengleri (Gmelin) 

Heterostegina suborbicularis d'Orbigny 

Peneroplis carinatus d'Orbigny 

Rotalia calcar (d'Orbigny)

DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES

Family CAMERINIDAE 

Genus CAMERINA Bruguiere, 1792

Camerina djokdjokarta (Martin) 

Plate 2, figures 5, 6, 8, 10, 14, 16, 18

1881. Numrnulina djokdjokartae Martin, Geol. Reichs-Mus. 

Leiden Samml., ser. 1, v. 1, p. 109, 110, pi. 5, figs. 8-11.

1934. Camerina djokdjokartae (Martin). Caudri, Tertiary Deposits of Soemba, Amsterdam, p. 67-72, text fig. 19 

[references].

1957. Camerina djokdjokarta (Martin). Cole, U.S. Geol. Survey 

Prof. Paper 280-1, p. 329, p. 102, fig. 21.

1957. Camerina djokdjokarta (Martin). Cole, U.S. Geol. Survey 

Prof. Paper 260-V, p. 752, pi. 232, figs. 24-27.

Occurrence elsewhere. In Tertiary b (Eocene) of Java, 

Soemba, Saipan, and drill hole E-l on Eniwetok Atoll 

at a depth of 2930-2940 feet.

Remarks. This species is a pustulate Camerina 

characterized externally by pustules and, in transverse 

section, by distinct and heavy pillars.
TERTIARY LARGER FORAMINIFERA FROM GUAM E13

Camerina fichteli (Michelotti) 

Plate 1, figures 1-17; plate 2, figures 7, 9, 11-13, 15, 17

1841. Nummulites fichteli Michelotti, Soc. italiana sci. Nat.

Mem., atti, v. 22, p. 296, pi. 3, fig. 7. 

1934. Camerina fichteli (Michelotti). Caudri, Tertiary deposits

of Soemba, Amsterdam, p. 72-81 [references].

The test is evenly biconvex. The surface is smooth

and covered by a reticulate mesh that represents the 

sutures. Slightly eroded specimens have irregular 

shallow pits in the abraded areas.

Median sections that are not centered show the 

reticulate character of the sutures pi. 2, figs. 15, 17).

Measurements of seven median sections follow:

Measurements of median sections of Camerina fichteli (Michelotti)

Locality _______________ ____________________

Width _ ___._----.__ . mm

Embryonic chambers:

Diameters of second chamber. _ .............. __ -... __ ./*--

Number of chambers:

PI. 1, fig. 3

2.9

2.9

170X180

80X170

6

6

23

91

Not illustrated

4.1

3.7

130X150

70X180

Ri/f

7

24

105

Ft

PI. 1, fig. 2

3.05

2.85

90X190

260

5M

7

24

87

c3

PI. 1, fig. 10

3.85

3.75

100X190

290

6H

7

28

130

PI. 1, fig. 9

3.9

3.8

120X150

100X160

2405y2

7

23

84

PI. 1, fig. 1

4.1

3.9

100X120

90X140

210

7M

30

150

Ej 1-1

PI. 1, fig. 11

3.7

3.6

80X160

230

6

7

22

94

Measurements of six traverse sections follow:

Measurements of transverse sections of Camerina fichteli (Michelotti)

Height ___________ _ _ __mm_

Thickness ______ _____ _____ __ mm__

Embryonic chambers:

Maximum height __ ___ __ _ _ _ __ ju__

Surface diameter of secondary pillars. __ _ /---

PI. 1, fig. 16

3. 5

1.3

240

160

320

50

PL 1, fig. 13

2. 95

1. 1

190

150

270

50-80

Fk3

PI. 1, fig. 17

3. 55

1.27

300

210

300

50-100

PI. 1, fig. 12

3. 9

1. 9

220

150

350-600

100

PI. 1, fig. 14

3. 8

1. 55

150

60

600

100

Ejl-l

PI. 1, fig. 15

3. 15

1. 37

240

190

300-350

50-100

Occurrence elsewhere. At numerous Tertiary c and 

Tertiary d localities in the Malayan Archipelago. 

Remarks. Caudri (1934, p. 72) wrote:

In the group of the true reticulate, in contrast to Camerinae 

from other groups, only a few species are well described. Moreover, the species are not always easy to recognize, so that they 

have been cancelled in part or identified with one another. 

Generally, at first sight, all reticulate Camerinae are determined 

as C. Fichteli-intermedia. In the literature an enormous geographic area is assigned to this species * * *

The reticulate Camerina fichteli represents the megalospheric generation, of which the microspheric generation is known as C. intermedia. Inasmuch as the 

specific name C. fichteli has priority, the name for both 

generations is C. fichteli. This species is accepted as 

diagnostic of Tertiary c-{-d in the Malayan Archipelago 

(Van der Vlerk, 1955, p. 75).

On Guam, specimens that have the characteristics 

by which Camerina fichteli is recognized elsewhere

occur with an Eocene assemblage of species that are 

diagnostic of Tertiary b. Two questions therefore are 

raised: are the specimens from Guam the same as 

specimens identified as C. fichteli in the Malayan 

Archipelago? what is the stratigraphic range of this 

species?

The best illustrations of specimens assigned to 

Camerina fichteli from the Malayan Archipelago were 

given by Rutten (1915, pi. 2, figs. 3, 4), Van der Vlerk 

(1929, figs. 9, 30, 31), Doornink (1932, pi. 4, figs. 4-11; 

pi. 5, fig. 1; text fig. a, p. 285), Bursch (1947, pi. 1, 

figs. 4-6, 26; pi. 2, figs. 6, 7; pi. 5, fig. 5), and Cole 

(1953, pi. 1, fig. 13; pi. 2, fig. .7). The specimens 

illustrated by Van der Vlerk, Doornink, and Bursch are 

similar in that in median section the embryonic apparatus is moderate in size and the chambers are only 

slightly longer than they are high. The specimens 

illustrated by Rutten and Cole have larger embryonic 

chambers, and the chambers are longer than they are
E14 GEOLOGY OF GUAM, MARIANA ISLANDS

high. These specimens are similar to those from 

Java to which Doornink (1932, p. 299) gave the name 

C. divina.

Inasmuch as the specimens from Guam are so similar 

to the short-chambered type of reticulate Camerina 

usually assigned to C. fichteli, they are. assigned to this 

species. It is probable, however, that the long-chambered type with the large embryonic apparatus also 

represents this species, as the length of the chambers 

and the size of the embryonic apparatus is variable. 

This variation is demonstrated by the illustrations 

(pi. 2, figs. 11-13) and by the median-section statistics 

given for specimens from Muara Djaing on the Tabalong River, southeast Borneo. These specimens were 

discussed first by Douville (1905, p. 442). He identified them as Nummulites subbrogniarti Verbeek, a 

species which he considered to be the same as C. 

fichteli. Later authors generally accepted N. subbrogniarti as a synonym of C. fichteli, but Doornink 

(1932, p. 269) argued for the separation of C. subbrogniarti from C. fichteli. Caudri (1934, p. 75) 

reviewed Doornink's conclusions but did not offer any 

final solution to the problem.

Measurements of five median sections of specimens 

from Muara Djaing, southeast Borneo, follow:

Width. ........ .........mm..

Embryonic chambers: 

Diameters of initial chamDiameters of second chamDistance aerosss both

Number of chambers:

PI. 2,

fig. 12

2 ax.

140X295

460

4H

6

PI. 1,

fig. 13 i

3

0

3 OK

360X430

190X380

Ken

fi3^

7

91

92

PL 2,

fig. 11

3.85

3 Q

97OV97H

390

7

PI. 2,

fig. 13

2 1 ^

2 A

QQfl V/IQA

220X410

620

01 /

Not illustrated

^ Q

3 9

220X250

7A1

5

About 17

See also Cole, 1953.

Measurements of three transverse sections of specimens from Muara Djaing, southeast Borneo, follow:

Embryonic chambers:

PL 2, fig. 7

2.27

0.98

370

310

50-100

PL 2, fig. 9

4.0

400

340

370-450

50-70

PL 2, fig. 7 i

3.85

1.6

280

240

50-100

i See also Cole, 1953.

Although reticulate Camerina have not been recorded 

to date from the Eocene of the Malayan Archipelago, 

they do occur in the Eocene of Europe (Boussac, 1911, 

p. 79). The associated Eocene species on Guam are 

thought to be reworked specimens. (See p. E4.)

Genus OPEKCULINA2 d'Orbigny, 1826 

Operculina ammonoides (Gronovius)

Plate 5, figures 13-24, 26-30, 33-35

1781. 282,

1954.

1954.

1959.

Nautilus ammonoides Gronovius, Zooph. Gron., p. 

pi. 19, figs. 5, 6.

Operculinella sp. cf. 0. venosa (Fichtel and Moll). Kleinpell, B. P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 211, p. 44, pi. 3, fig. 4.

Operculinella? oneataensis Kleinpell, B. P. Bishop Mus. 

Bull. 211, p. 50, pi. 4, figs. 5-8.

Operculina ammonoides (Gronovius). Cole, Am. Paleontology, Bull., v. 39, No 181, p. 356, pi. 28, figs. 1-9, 11, 15; 

pi. 29, figs. 3, 5-10, 12, 15; pi. 30, figs. 2-8; pi. 31, figs. 

5-7 [additional references].

Although Cole (1959, p. 356) discussed this species 

in detail, the specimens used in the present study are 

again described here.

The test is involute lenticular to evolute compressed. 

The sutures are flush with the surface or raised and 

beaded. There is either a single umbonal mass flush 

with the surface, or a group of slightly elevated umbonal 

beads.

Measurements of seven thin sections of specimens 

from Guam and of five thin sections of specimens from 

Lau, Fiji, and Espiritu Santo are given.

2 The author (Cole, 1960, p. 197) now considers Operculina d'Orbigny, 1826, is a 

synonym of Camerina Bruguiere, 1792.

Measurements of sections of Operculina ammonoides (Gronovius)

Type of section ________ __ ....

Locality . _______ .

Specimen.. __ _ ....

Width................. mm

Thickness _________ ... mm

Embryonic chambers: 

Diameters of initial chamber _____ /*-- 

Diameters of second chamber... __ /*__ 

Distance across both chambers ___ _^__

Median

GJ9-2

PL 5, 

fig. 33

1.8 

1.67

50X60 

40X80 

100 

39/io 

9 

24 

69

PL 5, 

fig. 34

2.3 

1.95

4H 

9 

25 

67

PL 5, 

fig. 27

2.5 

2.3

4+

26

GJ9-1

PL 5, 

fig. 26

2.7 

2.1

4+

24

Transverse

GJ9-2

PI. 5, 

fig. 29

2.0

.96

530

Not 

illustiated

2.0

1.0

450

PL 5, 

fig. 30

2.3

.96

500

Median Transverse

L307, Lakemba, 

Lau, Fiji

PL 5, 

fig. 35

2.85 

2.7

70X90 

30X100 

140

4J-2

9

25 

88

PL 5, 

fig. 28

2.35 

.93

460

Median Transverse

Espiritu Santo, 

New Hebrides

PL 5, 

fig. 23

1.9 

1.65

80X90 

50X110 

150 

3Mo 

9 

19 

46

PL 5, 

fig. 22

2.05

.9

350

PL 5, 

fig. 21

1.88

.81

150
TERTIARY LARGER FORAMINIFERA FROM GUAM E15

Occurrence elsewhere. Recent to Tertiary e: Saipan; 

Palau Islands; Lau, Fiji.

Remarks. In many samples from the modern seas 

in the Indo-Pacific region, operculinids occur together 

that have a considerable variation in the shape of the 

test. Specimens vary from small unornamented evenly 

lenticular tests to relatively large compressed evolute 

tests. Some workers have combined the operculinids 

into one species (Hofker, 1927, p. 61); others have 

divided them into many species (Cushman, 1921, p. 

375-384). More recent workers have considered a 

modest number of species to be present (Chapman and 

Parr, 1938, p. 290-293; Cole, 1959, p. 354). It is easy 

to recognize how these divergent opinions could be 

held if one has a sample from the modern seas that contains an abundance of operculinids.

The taxonomic problem is complex not only because 

the specimens are variable and intergrade but also because of the interpretations which authors have given 

to generic and specific names. Cole (1959, p. 351) 

reviewed these problems and demonstrated that 

Operculinella and Operculinoides are synonyms of 

Operculina. Moreover, he found that two species, Operculina ammonoides and Operculinella venosa, which had 

been confused with each other, could be recognized as 

distinct species.

Specimens from the modern sea at Espiritu Santo 

(pi. 5, figs. 13-15, 19-21, 24), previously identified and 

discussed by Cole (1959, p. 350), are similar to those 

from the Bonya Limestone of Guam, except that the 

revolving wall, as viewed in transverse section, is 

thinner. The specimens from Guam are identical 

with those from Saipan previously referred to Operculinella venosa (Cole, 1957a, p. 331). Specimens from

station L 307, Lakemba, Lau, Fiji, identified by Kleinpell (1954, p. 50) as Operculinella*! oneataensis, are so 

similar to the specimens from Guam that they are 

referred to Operculina ammonoides.

Operculina bartschi Cushman3

Plate 3, figures 1-17; plate 4, figure 1

1921. Operculina bartschi Cushman, U.S. Natl. Mus. Bull. 100,

p. 376, 377, text fig. 13. 

1925. Operculina bartschi Cushman. Yabe and Hanzawa,

Tohoku Imp. Univ. Sci. Repts., ser. 2 (GeoL), v. 7,

no. 2, p. 52, pi. 6, figs. 6-12; pi. 7, figs. 11, 12. 

1925. Operculina bartschi Cushman var. punctata Yabe and

Hanzawa, T5hoku Imp. Univ. Sci. Repts., ser. 2

(GeoL), v. 7, no. 2, p. 52, 53, pi. 6, figs. 13-15; pi. 7,

figs. 15-18. 

1935. Operculina bartschi Cushman. Hanzawa, Tohoku Imp.

Univ. Sci. Repts., ser. 2 (GeoL), v. 18, no. 1, p. 22, 23,

pi. 2. 

1945. Operculina bartschi Cushman. Cole, B. P. Bishop Mus.

Bull. 181, p. 277, 278, pi. 12, figs. H-K; pi. 14, fig. I. 

1950. Operculina bartschi Cushman. Cole, U.S. GeoL Survey

Prof. Paper 221-B, p. 22, 23, pi. 5, figs. 3-5.

The test is evolute and either flat and thin or with a 

small subcentral umbo surrounded by a flat rim. The 

sutures are raised, recurved, and normally beaded. 

There is a small subcentral zone of papillae over the 

embryonic chambers. A few specimens either have 

a few beads or thickly studded zones of beading between 

the sutures.

Measurements of median and transverse sections of 

specimens from Guam and measurements from four 

thin sections of specimens from Lau, Fiji, follow:

3 The author (Cole, 1961a, p. 120) now considers Operculina bartschi Cushman is a 

synonym of Camerina complanata (Defrance).

Measurements of sections of Operculina bartschi Cushman

Type of section, _______ ___ __

Locality-. ___________ _ . __ _

Specimen. _ _________ ... _

Width __ __________ . _ mm

Embryonic chambers: 

Diameters of initial chamber p

Number of chambers in final volution . _

Total number of chambersMedian Transverse

GJ9-1

PI. 3, 

fig. 4

2.65 

2.1

4+

17

PL 3, 

fig. 15

2.1

.57

300

Median Transverse

GJ9-2

Not illustrated

2.1

1.8

20X30 

20X50 

50 

3H 

9 

13 

39

PI. 3, 

*g. 2

2.65 

2.15

60X65 

50X70 

120 

4 

7 

14 

50

PI. 3, 

fig. 3

2.55

.6

300

Median Transverse

Gj9^t

PI. 3, 

fig. 13

3.0 

2.5

80X80 

40X90 

130 

3?i 

7 

18 

48

Not illustrated

2.75

.95

700

Median Transverse

Ov6-2

PI. 3, 

fig. 5

2.5+ 

2.2

50X50 

30X50 

90 

4 

9 

21 

58

PI. 3, 

fig. 14

3.15 

2.8

50X50 

40X90 

105 

4Mo 

8 

20 

56

PI. 3, 

fig. 16

3.56

.85

Median Transverse

L389, Lakemba, Lau, Fiji

PI. 4, 

fig. 1

2.8 

2.8

70X85 

50X110 

140 

3i/_ 

8 

17 

44

Not illustrated

3.15 

2.3

70X70 

50X80 

130

14

3.85 

3.65

65X80 

40X50 

110 

3?i 

9 

23 

54

PI. 3, 

fig. 1

2.8

.8

400
E16 GEOLOGY OF GUAM, MARIANA ISLANDS

Occurrence elsewhere. Recent to Tertiary e: Recent, 

Philippine Islands; Pleistocene, Ryukyu Islands; Tertiary /, Formosa, Palau Islands, Lau, Fiji; Tertiary e, 

Saipan.

Remarks. The specimens from Guam are similar 

to specimens from the Tertiary / of Lau, Fiji. Four 

additional thin sections of specimens from station 

L 389, Lakemba, Lau, Fiji, were prepared for comparison, and two of these are illustrated on plate 3, figure 1, 

and plate 4, figure 1. Although the specimens from 

Lau, Fiji, have thicker chamber walls, they are otherwise identical with those from Guam. The degree of 

thickening of the walls is undoubtedly controlled by 

environmental conditions.

The external appearance of this species is distinctive. 

Internally, the wavy, crenulated chamber walls, which 

cause marked irregularity in the oiitlines of the chambers, are an additional feature that distinguishes this 

species from others. The irregular chamber walls are 

found in specimens from Guam, Lau, and the Ryukyu 

Islands (Yabe and Hanzawa, 1925, pi. 7, figs. 12, 13, 15).

Operculina eniwetokensis Cole 

Plate 5, figures 11, 12, 25

1957. Operculina eniwetokensis Cole, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

Paper 260-V, p. 756, pi. 232, figs. 15-23.

Measurements of two median sections and one transverse section are given as follows:

Height- .- ____________ mm..

Width......................... ........ .mm..

Thickness... __ _ . __ . mm

Embryonic chambers: 

Diameters of initial chamber ___ __ M.. 

Diameters of second chamber _____ /i__

Distance across both chambers n

Number of volutions .

Chambers in first whorl .

Chambers in final whorl

Total number of chambers

Surface diameter of umbonal plug n

Median Transverse

Hi 6-1

PI. 5, fig. 12

1.9 

1.6

40X45 

30X50 

80 

3 

8 

14 

38

PI. 5, fig. 25

1.85 

1.61

14

PI. 5, flg 11

1.57

.5

70

220

Occurrence elsewhere. At a depth of 3,963-3,988 

feet (core 10) in Eniwetok drill hole F-l in Tertiary b 

(Eocene).

Remarks. This small, fragile Operculina appears to 

be identical with the specimens from the Eniwetok 

drill hole F-l.

Operculina lucidisutura Cole 

Plate 5, figure 10

1954. Operculina lucidisutura Cole, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

260-O, p. 575, pi. 204, figs. 1-6.

Occurrence elsewhere. In the drill holes on Bikini 

Atoll and Eniwetok Atoll in Tertiary g.

Remarks. Small evolute specimens with comparatively few rapidly expanding chambers in the final volution were found in the operculinid zone of the Barrigada 

Limestone. One of these is illustrated for comparison 

with the types from the Bikini drill hole 2B.

Operculina rectilata Cole 

Plate 4, figures 2-9

1954. Operculinoides rectilata Cole, U.S. Goel. Survey Prof. Paper 

260-O, p. 575, pi. 204, figs. 11-15; pi. 205, figs. 15-17.

Occurrence elsewhere. In drill holes on Bikini and 

Eniwetok Atolls in Tertiary g.

Remarks. This species can be distinguished from the 

closely related Operculina amplicuneata by thicker walls 

and the fusion of the revolving walls into solid masses 

on either side of the embryonic apparatus. The side 

walls of the test, as seen in transverse sections, tend to 

be parallel.

Cole (1957b, p. 754) has stated that the apparent 

differences between Operculina rectilata and Operculina 

amplicuneata may be the result of environmental rather 

than evolutionary controls. However, he retained both 

names because of a stratigraphic differentiation.

Operculina subformai (Provale)

Plate 2, figures 1-4

1908. Nummulites (Gumbelia) sub-Format Provale, Riv. Italiana 

paleontologia, v. 14, p. 64-66, pi. 4, figs. 16-20.

1957. Operculinoides subformai (Provale). Cole, U.S. Geol. 

Survey Prof. Paper 260-V, p. 755, pi. 232, figs. 1-6.

The test is small, and evenly lenticular, with radiating 

rows of slightly elevated pustules.

Measurements of two median and two transverse 

sections from locality Jl 2-1 are given as follows:

Embryonic chambers:

Median

PL 2, 

flg. 3

1.25 

1.3

45X40 

10X50 

70 

4 

5 

13 

37

PI. 2, 

flg. 4

1.65 

1.55

60X60 

25X70 

100

m6 

17 

41

Transverse

PI. 2, 

fig. 1

1.35

.77

250

PI. 2, 

flg. 2

1.9

.9

450

Occurrence elsewhere. In Tertiary b (Eocene) of 

Borneo and in Eniwetok drill hole F-l at a depth of 

4,500-4,525 feet (core 14).

Operculina venosa (Fichtel and Moll) 

Plate 3, figures 18-22; plate 4, figures 10-17

1798. Nautilus venosus Fichtel and Moll, Test. Micro, p. 59, 

pi. 8, figs. e-h.
TERTIARY LARGER FORAMINIFERA FROM GUAM E17

1859. Amphistegina cumingii Carpenter, Philos. Trans., p. 32, 

pi. 5, figs. 13-17

1918. Operculinella cumingii (Carpenter). Yabe, Tohoku Imp. 

Univ. Sci. Repts., ser. 2 (GeoL), v. 4, no. 3, p. 122-126, 

pi. 17, figs. 8-12.

1959. Operculina venosa (Fichtel and Moll). Cole, Am. Paleontology Bull., v. 39,110. 181, p. 361, pi. 28, figs. 12-14, 

17, 18; pi. 29, figs. 1, 2, 11, 13, 14; pi. 30, figs. 1, 9, 

10; pi. 31, fig. 1 [additional references].

The test is involute and evenly lenticular in young 

individuals, but in the gerontic stage, the initial lenticular part is partly surrounded by a broad, thin, 

flat rim, which is produced by a rapid expansion in 

height of the chambers. The sutures are flush with the 

surface of the test but show faintly on the rim. The 

specimen (pi. 3, fig. 21) that illustrates the external 

appearance has a height of 3.3 mm and a width of 2.8 

mm. The central part has a diameter of 2.1 mm, 

and the rim has a maximum width of 1.2 mm.

Measurements of two median sections follow:

Embryonic chambers:

QJ9-2

PI. 3, fig. 20

2.9

2.3

45X50

40X60

100

4

8

10

35

GJ9-4

PL 3, fig. 22

3.1

3.05

40X40

30X50

80

4

9

14

43

Two transverse sections were prepared; one of a 

specimen in which the rim was just developing, and 

the other of a specimen in which the rim was well 

developed. The specimen (pi. 3, fig. 19) without a 

definite rim has a height of 2.8 mm and thickness of 

1.1 mm. The specimen (pi. 3, fig. 18) with a welldeveloped rim has a height of 3.4 mm, of which 2.3 

mm represents the inflated part and 1.1 mm, the 

rim. The thickness through the inflated part is 1.1 

mm, and the thickness of the rim is 0.22 mm. This 

specimen has well-developed axial plugs, with surface 

diameters of about 500/x.

Occurrence elsewhere. Recent, Philippine Islands; 

Tertiary /, Lau, Fiji.

Remarks. Cole (1953, p. 33) expressed the opinion 

that Operculinella was not a valid genus, as he considered that the development of the broadly flaring, 

complanate rim found in the larger specimens of 0. 

cumingii ( 0. venosa} was a gerontic development. 

Later, he (Cole, 1959, p. 352) concluded that Operculinella was a synonym of Operculina.

The specimens (pi. 4, figs. 10-17) from the Alifan 

limestone of south Guam could be studied only by 

means of accidental sections. These specimens however, seemingly are the same as the others referred to 

this species.

Genus HETEROSTEGINA d'Orbigny, 1826 

Heterostegina aequatoria Cole

Plate 5, figures 31, 32

1957. Heterostegina aequatoria Cole, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

Paper 260-V, p. 756, 757, pi. 234, figs. 1-12.

The only available median section has 14 operculine 

chambers before the first heterostegine chamber is 

developed.

Occurence elsewhere. At a depth of 3,655-3,665 feet 

(core 9) in Eniwetok drill hole F-l in Tertiary b 

(Eocene).

Remarks. Heterostegina suborbicularis d'Orbigny, 

which occurs also in samples from Tertiary b in the 

Eniwetok drill holes (Cole, 1957b, p. 762), has more 

operculine chambers than -H. aequatoria; and the 

heterostegine chambers of H. suborbicularis have fewer 

chamberlets, even in the final volution.

Genus CYCLOCLYPEUS W. B. Carpenter, 1856

Subgenus CYCLOCLYPEUS W. B. Carpenter, 1856

Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) carpenter! Brady

Plate 6, figures 5, 6; plate 8, figures 1, 2

1954. Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) carpenteri H. B. Brady. 

Cole, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 260-O, p. 581, pi. 

205, figs. 9-14.

Occurence elsewhere. Widespread in the Indo-Pacific 

region from Pliocene to Recent.

Remarks. The embryonic apparatus (pi. 6, fig. 5) 

of a specimen dredged by the Bikini resurvey expedition 

during the summer of 1947 from the seaward slope off 

the north end of Bikini Atoll in water 580 to 800 feet 

deep is illustrated for comparison with that of a fossil 

specimen from Guam.

Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) indopacificus Tan 

Plate 7, figures 1-6, 8-10; plate 8, figure 3

1932. Cycloclypeus indopacificus var. douvillei Tan, Dienst 

Mijnb., Wetensch. Meded., no. 19, p. 68-74, pi. 15, 

fig. 8; pi. 20, figs. 3, 5, 6; pi. 21, figs. 2, 6.

1945. Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) indopacificus douvillei Tan. 

Cole, B. P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 181, p. 280, 281, pi. 16, 

figs. A-E.

1945. Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) indopacificus terhaari Tan. 

Cole, B. P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 181, p. 281, pi. 17, figs. 

A-K; pi. 19, figs. B, C.

The test normally has a small distinct umbo surrounded by a bro'ad, thin flange, the surface of which 

may show low, broad discontinuous annular inflations. 

Distinct large papillae, which are nearly flush with the 

surface, are scattered irregularly over the umbo. The 

rim has regular concentric rings of small elevated 

papillae.
E18 GEOLOGY OF GUAM, MARIANA ISLANDS

Measurements of four nearly complete specimens, 

three of which are illustrated, follow:

GJ9-4

PI. 7, fig. 6

9 2 

L8 

Distinct

PL 7, fig. 8

12.0 

2.1 

Distinct

PL 7, fig. 5

6.0 

1.2 

Distinct

Not 

illustrated

13 

1.5 

Indistinct

Measurements of three equatorial sections follow:

Specimen- --------_--_---_-_--_-----_____

Embryonic chambers: 

Diameters of initial chamber. - ---__.__ /u__ 

Diameters of second chamber __ -_---/u-_ 

Distance across both chambers.-. __ n..

Number of nepionic chambers

Number of nepionic whorls. -__ _ _

Gj

PL 7, fig. 9

5.6+

180X190 

180X320 

370

5

.9

9-4

PL 7, fig. 4

7 K |

180X200 

150X330 

350

QJ9-2

PL 7, fig 1

8.4+

170X190 

90X290 

270

.8

Occurrence elsewhere. In Tertiary / of Java and 

Lau, Fiji.

Remarks. Although Tan (1932, p. 65) gave names 

to several variants of the elemental species Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) indopacificus, it seems doubtful that 

they could be recognized, even if abundant well-preserved material were available for a statistical study 

of the type that Tan used in erecting his classification. 

Cole (1945, p. 279) gave a brief criticism of this classification, and the difficulties enumerated become more 

apparent when dealing with the fragmentary and poorly 

preserved material from Guam.

The specimens here assigned to the species Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) indopacificus, however, are similar to those studied by Tan. This species, moreover, 

is normally associated with Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus) annulatus in Java.

Three specimens (pi. 7, figs. 2, 3, 10) from locality 

L389, Lakemba, Lau, Fiji, originally identified (Cole, 

1945, p. 281) as Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) indopaci/- 

icus terhaari Tan, are illustrated for comparison with 

the specimens from Guam. The embryonic and nepionic chambers are very similar to those of the specimens from Guam, except for the first nepionic chamber, 

which is larger in the specimens from Guam. Another 

specimen (Cole, 1945, pi. 17, fig. D) from this same 

locality at Lakemba has an initial nepionic chamber as 

large as those of the specimens from Guam.

Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) posteidae Tan 

Plate 6, figures 7-12

1932. Cycloclypeus posteidae Tan, Dienst Mijnb., Wetensch.

Meded., no. 19, p. 59-62, pi. 13, fig. 3; pi. 14, figs.

1-6; pi. 15, figs. 1-3; pi. 18, figs. 2, 7; pi. 22, figs. 3, 4, 8. 

1945. Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) eidae Cole [not Tan], B. P.

Bishop Mus. Bull. 181, p. 280, pi. 14, fig. B, [not figs.

A, C, D, which are C. (C) indopacificus Tan]. 

1945. Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) posteidae pentekaidekasepta

Tan. Cole, B. P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 181, p. 280, pi.

15, figs. A-E.

The test is small and thin. There is a distinct umbo 

covered by raised irregularly arranged papillae. The 

rim commonly has low annuli and pronounced papillae 

in concentric circles.

Measurements of seven equatorial sections follow:

Measurements of equatorial sections of Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) posteidae Tan

Locality

Specimen _ __ __ ___

Diameter __ ______ _ ___ mm

Embryonic chambers: 

Diameters of initial chamber _ p.

Diameters of second chamber /j.

Distance across both chambers_______-/i-_ 

Number of nepionic chambers

Number of coils of nepionic chambers

Gj 9-1

Not illustrated

3. 5

65X50 

45X100 

120

12± 

V4

3.0

60X60 

50X140 

130 

10 ±

1M

Gj 9-2

PL 6, 

fig. 11

4. 1

60X50 

40X120 

115 

10

1M

Gj 9-4

Not illustrated

2. 3

50X45 

40X100 

100 

12±iy2

PL 6, 

fig. 10

2. 75

45X50 

40X70 

90 

14

VA

PL 6,

fig. 7

2. 75

60X60 

40X115 

110 

18 

IH

Jj 9-3

PL 6, 

fig. 9

2. 7

70X75 

45X140 

135 

13

l /2l

Occurrence elsewhere. Borneo; Vanua Mbalavu, Lau, 

Fiji.

Remarks. This species is similar to Cycloclypeus 

(Cycloclypeus) eidae but has fewer nepionic chambers. 

The specimens from Saipan (Cole, 1953, p. 27) that 

were referred to C. (C.) eidae have smaller, less pronounced papillae and more nepionic chambers than 

do the specimens from Vanua Mbalavu, Lau, Fiji,

and from Guam, which are assigned to C. (C.) posteidae 

(pi. 6, fig. 12).

The variety which Tan named Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) posteidae hexaseptus is sufficiently distinct to 

be a separate species. 4 The embryonic chambers of 

this species are relatively large, and it has about six

4 In a later study, based on specimens from Yap, Cole (Cole, Todd, and Johnson, 

1960, p. 97) decided that Cycloclypeus hexaseptus is a synonym of C. indopacificus.
TERTIARY LARGER FORAMINIFERA FROM GUAM E19

nepionic chambers. Although the embryonic apparati 

of C. hexaseptus and C. indopacificus are similar, as 

both may have six nepionic chambers, these chambers 

make slightly more than one complete volution (pi. 

8, fig. 7) around the embryonic chambers in C. hexaseptus and somewhat less than a complete volution in 

C. indopacificus (pi. 7, figs. 1-4, 9, 10).

Although Tan (1932, p. 61) gave names to two other 

variants of Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus} posteidae, on 

the basis of 15 nepionic chambers in one variant and 

12 nepionic chambers in the other, these varietal 

names should be suppressed, as otherwise similar 

specimens from the same population may have from 

10 to 18 nepionic chambers.

Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) eidae is characteristic of 

Tertiary e, where it occurs with Spiroclypeus and 

Lepidocyclina (Eulepidina) and C. (C.) posteidae is 

found normally in Tertiary /, but there may be some 

overlap in their stratigraphic range (Cole, 1957a, p. 

325).

Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) postindopacificus Tan

Plate 7, figures 11, 12

1932. Cycloclypeus postindopacificus var. postindopacifica Tan, 

Dienst Mijnb., Wetensch. Meded., no. 19, p. 66, 67, pi. 15, 

fig. 7; pi. 18, fig. 3.

One equatorial section (pi. 7, fig. 11), has a diameter 

of about 1.0 mm. The initial chamber of the embryonic 

apparatus has a diameter of 160yu, and the distance 

across both embryonic chambers is 300yu. There are 

four nepionic chambers. Another equatorial section 

(pi. 7, fig. 12) has a diameter of 2.2 mm. The initial 

chamber has a diameter of 160yu and the distance 

across both chambers is 320yu. There are five nepionic 

chambers.

Occurrence elsewhere. Madoera.

Remarks. The embryonic apparatus of these specimens is similar to that of the specimen illustrated by 

Tan (1932, pi. 15, fig. 7).

Subgenus KATACYCLOCLYPEUS Tan, 1932 

Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus) annulatus fllartin

Plate 6, figures 13, 14; plate 7, figure 7; plate 8, figures 4-6, 

8-11; plate 9, figures 14, 17

1880. Cycloclypeus annulatus Martin, Die Tertiarschiten auf

Java, p. 157, pi. 28, figs. 1, la-i. 

1916. Cycloclypeus annulatus Martin. Douvill6, Geol. ReichsMus. Leiden Samml., ser. 1, v. 10, p. 30-32, pi. 6,

figs. 2, 3 [not pi. 5, fig. 6; pi. 6, figs. 1, 4]. 

1945. Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus) annulatus Martin. Cole,

B. P. Bishop Mus. BuU. 181, p. 282, 283, pi. 19, fig. A;

pi. 20, figs. G, H [references].

The test is large and thin and has a low central umbo 

surrounded by several annular inflations which are 

very pronounced in the central part but flattened as 

the periphery is approached. The umbo is covered 

with irregularly arranged papillae. Concentric rings 

of papillae occur on the remainder of the test. These 

papillae are more pronounced 011 the annular inflations 

than in the intervening troughs.

Measurements of four nearly complete specimens, 

two of which are illustrated, follow:

Locality

Specimen.. __ ___ _ ... ___ _ __ .

Number of pronounced annular inflations.

GJ9-1

Not illustrated

15.0 

2.0 

2

PI. 9, 

fig. 14

21.+ 

2.0 

4

GJ9-2

PL 7, 

fig. 7

16.0

2.5 

2

Not illustrated

17.0 

1.5 

2

Measurement of seven equatorial sections follow:

Measurement of equatorial sections of Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus) annulatus Tan

Locality ____ ___ _

Specimen. _ __ _

Diameter _ _ _ _ _ _ mm

Embryonic chambers: 

Diameters of initial chamber p.

Diameters of second chamber p.

Distance across both chambers... _.____/*__ 

Number of nepionic chambers

Number of nepionic whorls

Gj

PL 8, fig.

10

 3 01

440 

3

0. 7

9 1

PL 8, fig.

9

3. 35 +

260X300

190X450

470 

2

0. 7

Gj

Not

illustrated

K _1_

y 91 n

-X400

340 

2

0. 7

Q 9

PL 8, fig.

5

2. 5 +

320X340

230X530

560 

2

0. 5

PL 8, fig.

11

6. 1 +

430 

2

0. 6

Gj 9-4

PL 8, fig.

8

7.5 +

190X200

120X500

310 

2

0. 7

PI. 8, fig.

4

5. +

430 

2

0. 8

Occurrence elsewhere. In Tertiary/ of Java, Borneo, 

Madoera, and Lau, Fiji.

Remarks. The fragility of the large specimens of this 

species cause difficulty in separating specimens from the

moreover, easy to confuse the fragments which were 

obtained with other pieces representing the associated 

species Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) indopacificus, as 

individuals of C. (C.) indopacificus often develop

matrix and obtaining material for thin sections. It was, irregular annular inflations that are somewhat similar
E20 GEOLOGY OF GUAM, MARIANA ISLANDS

to those of C. (Katacycloclypeus} annulatus (Tan, 1932, 

p. 71).

Douville (1916) published excellent illustrations of the 

external appearance of Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus} 

annulatus (Douville, 1916, pi. 6, figs. 2, 3) and other 

specimens (Douville, 1916, pi. 5, fig. 6; pi. 6, figs. 1, 4), 

which he identified as this species from the vicinity of 

Rembang, Java. Tan (1932, p. 68) assigned the 

latter specimens to C. Cycloclypeus indopacificus. In 

the terminology which he used, specimens with six 

nepionic septa are named C. indopacificus douvillei, and 

those with four nepionic septa are called C. postindopacificus postdouvillei.

The embryonic chambers of Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus} annulatus are large, and there are two or 

three nepionic chambers, with two nepionic chambers 

occurring most commonly. Several specimens (pi. 9, 

fig. 17) have irregular embryonic chambers produced 

by the fusion of two gametes.

Part of an equatorial section (pi. 8, fig. 6) of a 

specimen from Vanua Mbalavu, Lau, Fiji, is illustrated 

for comparison with the specimens from Guam.

Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus) martini Van der Vlerk 

Plate 6, figures 1-4

1923. Cycloclypeus martini Van der Vlerk, Geol. Reichs-Mus.

Leiden Samml., ser. 1, v. 10, p. 138-140, pis. 1, 2. 

1945. Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus) martini Van der Vlerk.

Cole, B. P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 181, p. 283, pi. 20, figs. I, J.

The test is composed of a broad central boss 

surrounded by a single annulus. Papillae occur on the 

central boss and annulus.

The embryonic chambers are large. The initial 

chamber has diameters of 220/* by 280ju. The second 

chamber has diameters of 130/j by 450ju. The distance 

across both chambers is 370ju. These chambers are 

followed by one large operculine chamber with diameters of 170/j by 290 p. There are four noncontinuous 

rings of heterostegine chambers before the regular 

annular rings commence. The first heterostegine 

chamber is divided into three chamberlets.

Occurrence elsewhere. In Tertiary/ of Borneo, Java, 

Vanua Mbalavu, and Lau, Fiji.

Remarks. The types (Van der Vlerk, 1923, pi. 2, fig. 

3) and specimens from Lau, Fiji (Cole, 1945, pi. 20, fig. 

J), assigned to this species have only one nepionic 

chamber, but the specimens from Guam, which are 

otherwise similar, have four nepionic chambers.

Family ALVEOLINELLIDAE

Genus FLOSCULINELLA Schubert, 1910

Flosculinella bontangensis (L. Rutten)

Plate 9, figures 1-3

1913. Alveolinella bontangensis L. Rutten, Geol. Reichs-Mus. 

Leiden Samml., ser. 1, v. 9, p. 221-224, pi. 14.

1929. Alveolinella bontangensis L. Rutten. Van der Vlerk,

Dienst Mijnb., Wetensch. Meded., no. 9, p. 14, 15,

figs. 1-5. 

1937. Flosculinella bontangensis (L. Rutten). Reichel, Soc.

Paleont. Suisse Mem., v. 59, p. 113-115, pi. 11, fig. 7;

text figs. 23, 24.

Occurrence elsewhere. In Tertiary/of Borneo, Java, 

Philippines, and Soemba.

Remarks. This species, of which few specimens were 

found, is represented only by accidental sections in thin 

sections made from hand specimens of limestone.

Family ROTALIIDAE 

Genus ROTALIA Lamarck, 1804 

Rotalia atjehensis Van der Vlerk

Plate 5, figures 1-4, 8, 9

1924. Rotalia beccarii (Linn.) var. atjehensis Van der Vlerk,

Dienst Mijnb., Wetensch. Meded. no. 1, p. 25, 26, pi. 5,

figs. 21-24. 

1931. Rotalia schroeteriana Hanzawa [not Parker and Jones],

Tohoku Imp. Univ. Sci. Repts., ser. 2 (Geol.), v. 12,

no. 2A, p. 157, pi. 26, figs. 6-8. 

1939. Rotalia schroeteriana Cole [not Parker and Jones], Jour.

Paleontology, v. 13, no. 2, p. 187, 188, pi. 24, figs. 10-12.

Occurrence elsewhere. Tji Talahab, Java; N. Atjeh, 

Sumatra; Hitoto, Kwanto Mountainland, Japan.

Remarks. This species, with numerous well-developed distinct umbical pillars, is definitely a Rotalia, 

whereas specimens commonly called Rotalia beccarii 

should be placed in the genus Streblus. S. beccarii and 

related species have the umbilicus either filled with a 

solid plug or a series of fused pillars (Cole, 1947, p. 243).

Genus STREBLUS Fischer, 1817

Streblus saipanensis Cole

Plate 5, figures 5-7

1953. Strebhis saipanensis Cole, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper

253, p. 27, 28, pi. 5, figs. 8, 9. 

1957. Streblus saipanensis Cole. Cole, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof.

Paper 280-1, p. 338, pi. 103, figs. 17, 18.

Occurrence elsewhere. Saipan.

Remarks. Transverse sections of this species are 

illustrated for comparison with those of Rotalia atjehensis. Streblus saipanensis has a single umbonal 

pillar, whereas R. atjehensis has numerous umbonal 

pillars. S. saipanensis is restricted to Tertiary e, and 

R. atjehensis seems to be confined to Tertiary/.

Family MIOGYPSINIDAE Tan

Genus MIOGYPSINOIDES Yabe and Hanzawa, 1928

Miogypsinoides cupulaeformis (Zuffardi-Comerci)

Plate 9, figures 15, 16

1929. Miogypsina cupulaeformis Zuffardi-Comerci, Soc. geol.

Italiana Boll., v. 47 (1928), p. 142, pi. 9, figs. 12, 13, 20. 

1945. Miogypsina neodispansa Cole [not Jones and Chapman], 

B. P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 181, p. 297, pi. 14, figs. E-H.
TERTIARY LARGER FORAMINIFERA FROM GUAM E21

1954. Miogypsinoides cupulaeformis (Zuffardi-Comerci). Cole, 

U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 260-O, p. 601, 604, pi. 

221, fig. 1; pi. 222, figs. 4-11.

Occurrence elsewhere. In Tertiary/ of Borneo, Lau, 

Fiji, and drill holes on Bikini and Eniwetok Atolls.

Family OEBITOIDIDAE Schubert

Genus LEPIDOCYCLINA Gurnbel, 1870

Subgenus NEPHKOLEPIDINA 5 H. Douville, 1911

Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) japonica Yabe

Plate 10, figures 1-9, 11, 13, 14, 18

1906. Lepidocyclina japonica Yabe, Geol. Soc. Tokyo Jour., v. 13, 

p. 317, 2 text figs.

1909. Lepidocyclina tournoueri var. angulosa Provale, Riv. 

Italiana paleontologia, v. 15, p. 90, 91, pi. 2, figs. 13-15.

1939. Lepidocyclina angulosa (Provale). Caudri, Geol.-Mijnb. 

genootsch. Nederland en Kolonien Verb., geol. ser., 

v. 12, p. 197-203, pi. 7, figs. 32-35 [references].

1939. Lepidocyclina japonica Yaibe. Caudri, Geol.-Mijnb. genootsch. Nederland en Kolonien Verb., geol. ser., v. 12, p. 

209-211, pi. 7, figs. 50-56 [references].

1945. Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) angulosa Provale. Cole, 

B. P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 181, p. 287, 288, pi. 24, figs. 

A-G.

1945. Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) japonica Yabe. Cole, 

B. P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 181, p. 288, pi. 24, figs. H, I.

Specimens with large papillae, formerly called 

Lepidocyclina angulosa, will be described first, and a 

description of specimens which resemble the types of 

L. japonica will follow.

The test is small, with a lenticular central part 

bordered by a narrow rim. There is an apical group of 

pronounced papillae. The remainder of the test is 

covered by a reticulate mesh which represents the outlines of the large lateral chambers.

Measurements of four equatorial sections follow:

Embryonic chambers:

Diameters of second chamber _ --M-- 

Distance across both chambers --M-- 

Thickness of outer wall-. _ ___ /*_. 

Equatorial chambers: 

Near center:

Tangential diameter. ___ _ /*__ 

Near periphery:

Tangential diameter. _ ___ /* 

PL 10,

fig. 14

2.0

160X190

70X280 

240 

45

30

30 

60

40

GJ7-2

PL 10,

fig. 13

3

1

110X290 

290 

50

50

50 

60

40-50

PL 10,

fie. 9

2 9

160X150

90X280 

270 

50

Cfl

40

Of)

50

Jj 9-3

PL 10,

fig. 18

150X180

120X310 

300

45

40

40 

60

45

The embryonic chambers are nephrolepidine and have 

a thick outer wall. There is an almost complete ring 

of periembryonic chambers (pi. 10, fig. 14) surrounding 

the embryonic chambers.

The equatorial chambers are short spatulate near the 

center of the test, but become elongate spatulate at the

periphery. These chambers are arranged in undulations 

similar in pattern to those found in stellate lepidocyclines, but externally there is no suggestion of rays. 

Measurements of four vertical sections follow:

Embryonic chambers: 

Height-..-___. ____________

Equatorial layer:

Lateral chambers:

Height

Thickness of floors and roofs_.-_-_/j__ 

Surface diameter of pillars _ ___ _ -/*..

Gj 7-2

PL 10, 

fig. 7

3.7

2.0

210 

325 

40

70 

115

15 

250-290 

40-45 

20 

350

PL 10, 

fig. 4

2.55 

1.63

130 

180 

20

70 

150

11 

110-130 

40-50 

25 

370-450

PL 10, 

fig. 5

2.55 

1.27

130 

220 

30-40

60 

120

10 

150 

40 

20 

170-250

Jj 9-3

PL 10, 

fig. 8

3.6 

1.85

190 

420 

40

60 

110

13 

120-220 

30-50 

20 

100-520

The following description pertains to specimens 

which at first were referred to Lepidocyclina japonica.

The equatorial sections normally are identical with 

those from specimens with large papillae (Lepidocyclina angulosa). One equatorial section (pi. 10, fig. 11), 

however, has rather large, thin-walled embryonic chambers, and the second chamber does not surround the 

initial chamber. This section is described.

The initial chamber has internal diameters of 240ju by 

390ju, and the second chamber has measurments of 

200/u by 450ju. The distance across both chambers is 

450ju. The thickness of the outer wall is 20,u. The 

equatorial chambers have the same size and shape, as 

they do in the other specimens.

Measurements of three vertical sections are given.

Embryonic chambers:

Equatorial layer:

Lateral chambers:

Height

n

Gj

PL 10,

fig. 3

1.9

1.0

160

200

30

50

70

9

120

35-50

15-20

100-150

7-2

PL 10,

fig. 4

2.25+

1.06

100

165

25

60

90

10

50-150

40

15-20

JJ9-3

PL 10,

fig. 1

2.27+

370

35

50

100

8

110-170

40-50

10

6 The author (Cole, 1961b, p. 142) now considers Nephrolepidina H. Douville, 1911, 

is a synonym of Eulepidina H. Douville, 1911.

Occurrence elsewhere. In Tertiary / of Vanua 

Mbalavu, Lau, Fiji, as Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) 

angulosa and L. (N.) japonica, with Cyclodypeus 

(Katacydodypeus) martini (Cole, 1945, p. 274); Bogor 

zone, west Java, with L. (N.) martini, Cyclodypeus 

(Katacydodypeus) annulatus and other species of 

Lepidocyclina (Van Bemmelen, 1949, p. 649); Koetei, 

East Borneo.

649574 O 62-
E22 GEOLOGY OF GUAM, MARIANA ISLANDS

Remarks. Cole (1945, p. 288) suggested that 

Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) japonica and L. (A7".) 

angulosa intergrade. This conclusion is substantiated 

by the suite of specimens from Guam, inasmuch as the 

only difference that could be found between the specimens was the degree of development of the pillars. 

Although some specimens have large pillars and others 

are devoid of pillars, there are specimens with small or 

medium pillars. Therefore, these two species are combined.

Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) cubiculirhomboidea Cole 

Plate 9, figure 11

1954. Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) cubiculirhomboidea Cole, 

U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 260-O, p. 587, 588, 

pi. 213, figs. 10-19.

Occurrence elsewhere. In the drill holes on Bikini 

and Eniwetok Atolls in Tertiary e (Miocene).

Remarks. A few specimens that occur in only one set 

of thin sections appear to be this species. Inasmuch

as only vertical sections were found, it is impossible to 

make a complete diagnosis.

Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) martini Schlumberger 

Plate. 10, figures 10, 12, 15-17; plate 11, figures 9-17

1900. Lepidocyclina martini Schlumberger, Geol. Reichs-Mus.

Leiden Samml., ser. 1, v. 6, p. 131-133, pi. 6, figs. 5-8 

1939. Lepidocyclina martini Schlumberger. Caudri, Geol.-Mijno.

genootsch. Nederland en Kolonien Verh., geol. ser.,

v. 12, p. 212-218, figs. 57-60 [references]. 

1945. Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) martini Schlumberger.

Cole, B. P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 181, p. 288, 289, pi. 25,

figs. A-M.

The test is small, radiate, and compressed lenticular. 

There are normally about six short rays developed at the 

margin of the test, but these rays do not extend inward 

to the apical areas. Small papillae are irregularly 

scattered over the surface.

Measurements of five equatorial sections are given as 

follows:

Measurements of equatorial sections of Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) martini Schlumberger

Locality. ____________

Specimen __ ...

Diameter _________ _ mm

Embryonic chambers: 

Diameters of initial chamber, ___ ___ __ _ ___/___

Diameters of second chamber __ _____ ____/._

Distance across both chambers- __ _____ _____ _ .-/LiThickness of outer wall____ __ __ _____ _ _ ___ _/._

Equatorial chambers: 

In rays : 

Tangential diameter ____ ___________ __ ___ _ _ p _

Radial diameter______ _________________ _ ___p

In inter-ray areas:

GJ7-2

PI. 10, fig. 15

1. 85 +

80X80 

40X180 

140 

40

20 

50

40 

50

PI. 10, fig. 12

2.35

120X130\ 20X260 X 

160 

40

30 

50

40 

40

JJ9-3

PI. 11, fig. 14

2. 2

120X110 

60X220 

200 

50

30 

70

50 

60

PI. 11, fig. 17

2. 4

140X110 

50X280 

200 

60

30 

70

40 

70

62, Vanua 

Mbalavu, Lau, 

Fiji

PI. 11, fig. 11

130X130 

80X240 

240 

50

35 

80

40 

60

The initial chamber is small and nearly square. It 

is either completely surrounded by the second chamber, 

except along the common boundary between the chambers, or partly embraced by the second chamber.

The radiate character of the test is shown by the 

arrangement of the equatorial chambers. The chambers that form the rays are normally tangentially 

shortened.
TERTIARY LARGER FORAMINIFERA FROM GUAM E23

Measurements of four vertical sections follow.

Measurements of vertical sections of Lepedocyclina (Nephrolepidina) martini Schlumberger

Locality. ___ ___________________________ . ___________

Diameter _ _____ ______ _ ________ _____ __ _ __ mm__

Thickness __ _ ________________ ___ _ mm _

Equatorial chambers: 

Height___ ____ _ ___ _ ______ _ ____ ___ ____ _ ju _

Length. ___ _ _ _ ____ ___ ________ _ __ _ _ _ju_

Thickness of outer wall _ __________ __ _ __ _ __/,_

Equatorial layer: 

Height at center ______ _________ ____ _ __ _ _ __/* _

Height at periphery- _ ____ __ _ _____ _ /*

Lateral chambers: 

Number ___ _ _ _____ _ __ ___ _____ _ __ ___ _ _ _

Length ____ _______ _ ju

Height__ _________ ____________ _ _ M -

Thickness of floors and roofs _ _ _ ______________;u

Surface diameter of pillars ________ p.

QJ7-2

PL 10, fig. 17

2.4

1. 1

80

150

30

60

110

8

130-200

40-50

15

100

.Tj 9-3

PI. 11, fig. 10

2. 4+

1. 2

110

200

50

30

60

9

90-150

30-40

30

120-170

FiS-l

PI. 11, fig. 15

2.0

.85

80

190

40

40

60

6

170-200

30-40

20

70

62, Vanua Mbalavu

Lau, Fiji

PI. 11, fig. 13

1.85 +

.85

120

210

45

40

60

5

150-170

40-50

20

100

Occurrence elsewhere. In Tertiary / of Madoera, 

Rembang, Java, and Vanua Mbalavu, Lau, Fiji.

Remarks. An equatorial section (pi. 11, fig. 11) and 

a vertical section (pi. 11, fig. 13) of specimens previously 

identified as Lepidoeyclina (Nephrolepidina) martini 

from Vanua Mbalavu, Lau, Fiji, are illustrated for 

comparison with the specimens from Guam. In addition, several specimens (pi. 10, fig. 10; pi. 11, figs. 9, 

12, 16) found in thin sections made from hand specimens of limestone are illustrated for comparison with 

matrix-free specimens. One of these specimens (pi. 10, 

fig. 16) is believed to represent a part of a microspheric 

specimen.

Certain specimens (pi. 11, fig. 16) found in the above 

thin sections resemble specimens from Lau, Fiji (Cole, 

1945, pi. 23, fig. H), which were identified as Lepidoeyclina (Nephrolepidina) taiwanensis by Yabe and Hanzawa (1930, p. 30). The types of L. (N.) taiwanensis 

are based on accidental sections and apparently represent two species, one associated with a typical Tertiary 

e fauna of the Miogypsinoides dehaartii zone, and the 

other with a Tertiary/fauna.

Specimens from Taikanko, Mizuho-ku in the Kwarenko District, Formosa, represented by such illustrations as figure 7, plate 5 of Yabe and Hanzawa (1930), 

are identical with specimens from Lau, Fiji (Cole, 1945, 

pi. 22, fig. G). The identification of certain specimens 

from Lau, Fiji, with Lepidoeyclina (Nephrolepidina) 

taiwanensis was based on these similarities.

The resemblance of certain specimens from Guam to 

those previously studied from Lau, Fiji, and to specimens that were identified as Lepidoeyclina (Nephrolepidina) martini, however, led to a critical study of all 

the illustrations available. Eventually, these conclusions should be rechecked by study and comparison of 

the actual specimens.

Certain of the Formosan specimens assigned to 

Lepidoeyclina (Nephrolepidina) taiwanensis, and those 

from Lau, Fiji, that are referred to this same species, 

have elongate spatulate equatorial chambers and relatively small thick-walled embryonic chambers. The 

lateral chambers are arranged in regular tiers, and they 

are open, with rectangular cavities. Although one 

cannot be absolutely certain from the available illus-
E24 GEOLOGY OF GUAM, MARIANA ISLANDS

trations, the arrangement of the equatorial chambers 

suggests that the test is radiate.

As all these characteristics are those of Lepidocyclina 

(Nephrolepidina) martini, it is suggested that the specimens from Taikanko, Formosa, and those from Lau, 

Fiji, are L. (N.) martini, not L. (N.) taiwanensis.

The other specimens from Formosa assigned to 

Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) taiwanensis, which are 

associated with Miogypsinoides dehaartii, are apparently L. (N.) sumatrensis, of the kind formerly called 

L. (TV.) parva (Cole,, 1957b, p. 774). The species from 

Formosa called L. (N.) taiwanensis is therefore in part 

synonymous with L. (N.) martini, and in part with L. 

(TV.) sumatrensis.

Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) rutteni Van der Vlerk 

Plate 11, figures 1-8

1924. Lepidocyclina rutteni Van der Vlerk, Dienst Mijnb., 

Wetensch. Meded., no. 1, p. 17-21, pi. 3, figs. 1-4.

1939. Lepidocyclina rutteni Van der Vlerk. Caudri, Geol.- 

mijnb. genootsch. v. Nederland en Kolonien Verb., 

geol. ser., v. 12, p. 218-221, pi. 8, figs. 61-65 [references].

1945. Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) rutteni Van der Vlerk. 

Cole, B. P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 181, p. 289, 290, pi. 27, 

figs. A-G.

This species is characterized by having spatulate to 

hexagonal equatorial chambers and thin-walled open 

overlapping lateral chambers, the floors and roofs of 

which are slightly arched.

Occurrence elsewhere. Tertiary / of Java; Borneo; 

Lau, Fiji.

Remarks. Although this species was observed only 

in thin sections made from hand specimens of limestone, 

it is so distinctive that there is no question regarding 

its identification. Through the courtesy of I. M. Van 

der Vlerk, the writer received specimens of this species, 

one of which is illustrated (pi. 11, fig. 2). The lateral 

chambers of this specimen from Tjepoe, Java, are 

identical with those of the specimens from Guam.

Several of the specimens from Guam have a trigonal 

shape but otherwise are similar to normal specimens, 

especially the specimen illustrated on plate 11, figure 1.

The larger trigonal specimen (pi. 11, fig. 4) resembles 

Formosan specimens named Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) sumatrensis, forma mirabilis by Yabe and 

Hanzawa (1930, p. 31). Specimens from both Guam 

and Formosa appear to have short-spatulate to hexagonal equatorial chambers of the kind that characterize 

L. (N.) rutteni, whereas the equatorial chambers of L. 

(N.) sumatrensis are normally rhombic.

Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) sumatrensis (Brady) 

Plate 9, figure 4-10, 19

1957. Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) sumatrensis (Brady).

Cole, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 260-V, p. 773-775, pi. 239,

figs. 1-4; pi. 241, figs. 1-30; pi. 242, figs. 3-20.

This species has rhombic equatorial chambers and, in 

vertical section, the lateral chambers are arranged in 

rather regular tiers. The floors and roofs of these 

chambers are gently arched. The type of the species 

has pillars, but other specimens, to which the subspecific 

name inornata has been given, are without pillars.

Remarks. Specimens with pillars (pi. 9, figs. 5, 8) 

occur most frequently in Tertiary e, whereas those 

without pillars (pi. 9, fig. 6) occur most commonly in 

Tertiary / on Guam. However, as there is intergradation, and as the writer does not consider the 

presence or absence of pillars to have any special 

taxonomic significance, all these kinds are assumed to 

represent one species.

Certain specimens (pi. 9, figs. 7, 9, 10) have very thin 

roofs and floors in either part of or all the lateral 

chambers. The specimens in which only a few of the 

lateral chambers are very open with thin roofs and 

floors have the remaining lateral chambers of the same 

kind as in typical specimens of Lepidocyclina sumatrensis. Insofar as could be observed, this condition 

was produced by the organism and is not the result of 

fossilization. These specimens, therefore, may be 

pathologically modified.

Family DISCOCYCLINIDAE Vaughan and Cole

Genus ASTEROCYCLINA Giimbel, 1870

Asterocyclina praecipua Cole

Plate 9, figures 12, 13, 18

1957. Asterocyclina praecipua Cole, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

Paper 260-V, p. 780, pi. 245, figs. 11, 12, 16, 18-20.

This is a small species characterized by welldeveloped, elevated papillae. The embryonic chambers are sniall. The vertical sections have large pillars, 

the lateral chambers are low, and the floors and roofs 

are thick.

Occurrence elsewhere. At a depth of 4,316-4,341 feet 

(core 12) in drill hole F-l on Eniwetok Atoll in Tertiary 

b (Eocene).

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The Hague, Netherlands, Govt. Printing Office, 732 p.

Boussac, J., 1911, Etudes paleontologiques sur le nummulitique 

alpin, in M6m. pour servif a 1'explication de la carte geolo-
TERTIARY LARGER FORAMINIFERA FROM GUAM E25

gique detaile'e de la France: Ministere des Travaux Publics,

Paris, p. 1-122, pis, 1-5, 9 text figs. 

Bursch, J. G., 1947 Mikropalaontologische Untersuchungen

des Tertiars von Gross Kei (Molukken): Schweizerische

palaeont. Abh., v. 65, 69 p., 5 pis, 1 table, 22 text figs. 

Caudri, C. M. B., 1934, Tertiary deposits of Soemba: Diss.

Leiden Natl. Mus. Geol., Amsterdam, p. 1-224, 5 pis.,

3 maps, 21 text figs. 

Chapman, Frederick, and Parr, W. J., 1938, Australian and

New Zealand species of the foraminiferal genera Operculina

and Operculinella: Royal Soc. Victoria Proc., v. 50 pt. 2,

p. 279-299, pis. 16, 17, 7 text figs. 

Cloud, P. E., Jr., and Cole, W. S., 1953, Eocene Foraminifera

from Guam, and their implications: Science, v. 117, no.

3039, p. 323-324. 

Cole, W. S., 1939, Large Foraminifera from Guam: Jour.

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1947, Internal structure of some Floridian Foraminifera:

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pi. 14, 2 text figs.

1916, Les forarniniferes des couches de Rembang: Geol.

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21-25, 1 text fig., 1 table.

 1953, Criteria for the recognition of certain assumed 

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p. 29-46, 3 pis.

 1954, Larger Foraminifera and smaller diagnostic Foraminifera from Bikini drill holes: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

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pis. 230-249, 1 text fig., 6 tables.

 1959, Names of and variation in certain Indo-Pacific 

camerinids: Am. Paleontology Bull., v. 39, no. 181, p. 

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 1960, The genus Camerina: Am. Paleontology Bull., v. 

41, no. 181, p. 189-205, pis. 23-26.

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camerinids, No. 2. A reply: Am. Paleontology Bull., v. 43, 

no. 195, p. 111-128, pis. 14-16.

196Ib, Some nomenclatural and stratigraphic problems

involving larger Foraminifera: Cushman Found. Foram. 

Res. Contr., v. 12, pt. 4, p. 136-147, pis. 8-17.

Cole, W. S., and Bridge, Josiah, 1953, Geology and Larger 

Foraminifera of Saipan Island: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

Paper 253, 45 p., 15 pis., 5 tables.

Cole, W. S., Todd, Ruth, and Johnson, C. G., 1960, Conflicting age determinations suggested by Foraminifera on Yap, 

Caroline Islands: Am. Paleontology Bull., v. 41, no. 186, 

p. 77-112, pis. 11-13.

Cushman, J. A., 1921, Foraminifera of the Philippine and adjacent seas: U.S. Natl. Mus. Bull. 100, v. 4, p. 1-608, pis. 

1-100, text figs. 1-52.

Cushman, J. A., Todd, Ruth, and Post, R. J., 1954, Recent 

Foraminifera of the Marshall Islands: U.S. Geol. Survey 

Prof. Paper 260-H, p. 319-384, pis. 82-93, 5 tables, 3 

text figs.

Doornink, H. W., 1932, Tertiar'y Nummulitidae from Java: 

Geol.-mijnb. genootsch. Nederland en Kolonien Verh., v. 9, 

p. 267-315, pis. 1-10, 2 tables, text figs. a-l.

Douvill6, Henri, 1905, Les Foraminiferes dans le Tertiaire de

Reichs-Mus. Leiden Samml., ser. 1, v. 10, p. 19-35, pis. 3-6. 

Hedberg, H., 1934, Some recent and fossil brackish to freshwater Foraminifera: Jour. Paleontology, v. 8, no. 4, p. 469-

476, 1 map. 

Hofker, J., 1927, The Foraminifera of the Siboga expedition:

Siboga-Expeditie IV, P. 1, E. J. Brill, Leiden, p. 1-78,

pis. 1-38, 11 text figs. 

Jvleinpell, R. M., 1954, Neogene smaller Foraminifera from

Lau, Fiji: B. P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 211, p. 1-96, pis. 1-10,

3 text figs. 

Ladd, H. S. and Hoffmeister, J. E., 1945, Geology of Lau, Fiji:

B. P. Bishop Mus. Bull. 181, p. 1-399, 52 pis., 18 tables,

41 text figs. 

Leupold, W., and Vlerk, I. M. van der, 1931, The Tertiary:

Leidsche Geol. Meded., v. 5, p. 611-648, 2 tables. 

Mohler, W. A., 1949, Flosculinella reicheli n. sp. aus dem Tertiar

e5 von Borneo: Eclogae geol. Helvetiae, v. 42, no. 2, p. 521 

527, 3 text figs. [1950]. 

Rutten, L., 1915, Studien iiber Foraminiferen aus Ost-Asien:

'Geol. Reichs-Mus. Leiden Samml., ser. 1, v. 10, p. 1-18,

pis. 1, 2. 

Rutten, M. G., 1948, On the contemporaneous occurrence of

Lepidocydina and Discocyclina in northern Borneo: Geol.

and Mijnbouw, 's-Gravenhage, v. 10, no. 8, p. 170-172,

1 text fig. 

Tan, S. H.7'1932, Dn_the genus Cyclodypeus Carpenter, Part 1,

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Bikini drill holes: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 260-N,

p. 547-568, pis. 198-203, 1 table, 1 text fig. 

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Vlerk, I. M. van der, 1923, Een nieuwe Cycloclypeussoort van

Oost-Bomeo: Geol. Reichs-Mus. Leiden Samml., ser. 1,

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 1929, Groote foraminiferen van N. O. Borneo: Dienst 

Mijnb., Wetensch. Meded., no. 9, p. 5-44, 51 figs.

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Britain 1948, Rept., pt. 15, p. 61-63, 1 text fig.

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72-75, 2 tables.

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2 charts.

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INDEX

A Page 

Abstract- - - . El

aequatoria, Heterostegina...................... 17; pi. 5

Alveolinella bontangensis............ _..-_-_----- 20

Alveolinellidae.-- __---_ _ _.._ - _ SO 

ammonoides, Nautilus.....------_._------ --__ 14

Operculina............................... /4; pi. 5

Amphistegina.... .....__...................... 11

cumingii...----- .--..-..........---------.-. 17

madagascariensis .......................... 12

amplicuneata, Operculina....................... 16

angulosa, Lepidocyclina.............. ........... 21

Lepidocydina tournoueri...... ....----...... 21

Lepidocyclina. (Nephrolepidina).............. 21,22

annulatus, Cycloclypeus......................... 19

Cydoclypeus (Katacycloclypeus)... _____- 8,

18, 19, 21; pis. 6-9

Asterocyclina................................... %4

matamensis................................. 12

penuria..................................... 12

praecipua S4; pi. 9

atjehensis, Rotalia_____________ 3, 8, 20; pi. 5 

Rotalia beccarii.............................. 20

B

Baculogypsina sphaerulata...................... 12

bantamensis, Miogypsinoides.................... 12

bartschi, Operculina................. 8, 11, 15; pis. 3, 4

punctata, Operculina........................ 15

beccarii, Rotalia................................. 20

Streblus- --.............................. 20

atjehensis, Rotalia........................... 20

bikiniensis, Halkyardia.......................... 12

Biplanispirafulgeria........ ..._ ___. 12

mirabilis. .........................____.. 7,12

Bolanos Pyroclastic Member, Umatac Formation.. -_.. ...__.._._____ ______ 6-7

bontangensis, Alveolinella........................ 8,20

Flosculinella________________ 8, SO; pi. 9 

Bonya Limestone, distribution of species in. _ - 8 

Borelis pygmaeus............................... 12

borneensis, Heterostegina.......... .... _ _. 3,4,6,12

calcar, Rotalia............... .................. 12

Calcarina....................................... 11

spengleri..................... ._.__...... 11,12

Camerina....................................... IS, 14

complanata...................... ....__. 15

divina..................................._... 14

djokdjokarta. .......................... IS; pi. 2

djokdjokartae................................ 12

fichteli.............................. 4, IS; pis. 1, 2

intermedia.................................. 13

pengaronensis............................... 12

Camerinae...................................... 13

Fichteli-intermedia.......................... 13

Camerinidae-..____....._._...._... IS

carinatus, Peneroplis............................ 12

carpenteri, Cycloclypeus......................... 9,11

Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) _____ 9, 17; pis. 6, 8 

Caudri, C. M. B., quoted.._______.__ 13 

complanata, Camerina.......................... 15

cubiculirhomboidea, Lepidocydina (Nephrolepidina).... .........._...-___._ SS;pl. 9

cumingii, Amphistegina......................... 17

Operculinella........ ..___.____.. 17

cupulaeformis, Miogypsina...................... 20

Miogypsinoides..................... 8, 10, SO; pi. 9

[Italic numbers indicate descriptions]

Page

Cushman, J. A., quoted____________.- Ell

Cushman, Todd, and Post, quoted_.___ - 11

Cycloclypeus_____.__-________ 8,9,11,17

annulatus__----_-_-------__...__. 19

carpenteri..................... - _ _- - 9,11

hexaseptus..-.--.-.------....----------_.. 18,19

indopacificus... _--------_._-----_-...- 18,19

douvillei................. ...._........ 17

martini-.................................... 20

posteidae.... ..._..........____...__. 18

postindopacificus postdouvillei............... 20

postindopacifica....... ----------------- 19

(Cycloclypeus) carpenteri______ 9, 17; pis. 6, 8 

eidae . - .. 8,12,18,19

indopacificus_____ 8, 17, 18, 19, 20; pis. 7, 8 

douvillei.... . 17,20

terhaari . 17,18 

posteidae.... .. 8, 18, 19; pi. 6

... . 18 

.------_-.._-_--. 18

postindopacificus______- - 10, 19; pi. 7 

(Katacycloclypeus).......................... 8

annulatus_________ 8, 18, 19, 21; pis. 6-9 

martini__._......._____ SO, 21; pi. 6

(Cycloclypeus) carpenteri, Cycloclypeus.. 9, 17; pis. 6, 8 

eidae, Cydoclypeus..................... 8,12,18; 19

indopacificus, Cycloclypeus- 8, 17, 18,19, 20; pis. 7, 8 

douvillli, Cycloclypeus............. . - 17,20

terhaari, Cydoclypeus.-.---------..-- - 17,18

posteidae, Cycloclypeus........... 8, 18, 19; pi. 6

hexaseptus, Cycloclypeus................ 18

pentekaidekasepta, Cycloclypeus-..-..-.. 18 

postindopacificus, Cydoclypeus--...... 10, 19; pi. 7

D

dehaartii, Miogypsinoides....----------- 4,6,7,12, 23,24

Discocydina omphala........................... 12

Discocyclinidae _ _.___ _. - __- --- H 

divina, Camerina................. ........... 14

djokdjokarta, Camerina..................----.... 12

djokdjokartae, Camerina......................... 12

Nummulina.................------_ 12

douvillei, Cydoclypeus indopacificus ___-------- 17

Cydoclypeus (Cydoclypeus) indopacificus .. 17,20

E

eidae, Cydoclypeus (Cycloclypeus)-.-.------ 8,12,18,19

eniwetokensis, Operculina________ - 16; pi. 5 

Eorupertia semiornata..... ____ _ __........... 12

plecte.------------.----------....----.------ 7,12

ephippioides, Lepidocyclina (Eulepidina)........ 12

(Eulepidina) ephippioides, Lepidocyclina........ 12

F

Fabiania saipanensis...--------- ... .-...-...-..- 7,12

Fichteli-intermedia, Camerina------------------- 13

fichteli, Camerina-...................... 4, IS; pis. 1, 2

Nummulites.......... ._------__.__. 13

Flosculinella.......................-_...__.. SO

bontangensis- ..........____-__-- 8, SO; pi. 9

fulgeria, Biplanispira........................... 12

Futuna Limestone, species in_..._--------- 8

grandipustula, Miogypsinoides.......

(Gumbelia) sub-Formai, Nummulites.

Page

Gypsina marianensis... E12 

._ .-_ - 12

H

Halkyardia bikiniensis.... .. - -- ._ 12

Heterostegina-....--.......-....-..-- -. 6,12,17

aequatoria................................ 17; pi. 5

borneensis.........................-..... 3,4,6,12

zone__----.-.---.-..- --- 3,6

saipanensis........................ ...-- 12

suborbicularis......------ - ... 12,17

zone.--.-.-__-----.--- .--- ------- 6

hexaseptus, Cycloclypeus........................ 18,19

Cycloclypeus (Cydoclypeus) posteidae........ 18

higginsi, Spirocli/peus...................-------- 12

indopacificus, Cycloclypeus-.... .... ------- 18,19

Cycloclypeus (Cydoclypeus). 8, 17, 18,19,20; pis. 7,8 

douvillei, Cycloclypeus............. -- 17

Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus).... ...... 17,20

terhaari, Cydoclypeus (Cycloclypeus)....---- 17,18

intermedia, Camerina...... ... - - -- 13

japonica, Lepidocyclina--------.---------------- 21

Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina).......... SI; pi. 10

K

Katacycloclypeus .. .. 19

(Katacycloclypeus), Cycloclypeus- 8 

annulatus, Cycloclypeus...... 8, 18, 19, 21; pis. 6-9

martina, Cycloclypeus ...... ... ... SO, 21; pi. 6

Lepidocyclina.....-~--.~ ------------ 3,8,10,11, £/

angulosa -. ........-...-------... ----- 21

japonica....... .... -- ------ 21

martini.......-........... . .- ------- 22

rutteni ............---.- -------------- - 24

sumatrensis-____ . -- 24

tournoueri angulosa.. ... --- 21

(Eulepidina) .-. -...... 19

ephippioides . - * 2

(Nephrolepidina) angulosa..... - 21,22

cubiculirhomboidea........ ... SS; pi. 9

japonica -- ----- SI; pi. 10

martini. .. ........... 10, 21, SS; pis. 10, 11

parva.__ 3,24 

rutteni...... . --- ------- S4;pl. 11

sumatrensis....-.- - 3, S4; pi. 9

sumatrensis mirabilis 2* 

taiwanensis........... ..----- ---- 23,24

Lepidocyclines-. _ ^ 

lucidisutura, Operculina. . 9, 16; pi. 5

M

madagascariensis, Amphistegina- ---------------

Maemong Limestone Member, Umatac Formation____ - ---- -- -

Marginopora vertebralis --...... ---- ------

marianensis, Oypsina... 

martini, Cycloclypeus--.. - - 

Cyclodypeus (Katacycloclypeus). . #0,21 

Lepidocyclina.-.-.....-.. ----- -------

(Nephrolepidina) 10, 21, SS; pis. 

Sorites--_.-- - - - ------------------

matamensis, Asterocyclina--- . . 

E27

12

4

8,12 

12 

20

; pl- 6 

22

10,11 

12 

12
E28

Page 

Measurements of Cydoclypeus (Cydoclypeus)

indopacificus E18 

Cydoclypeus (Katacydodypeus) annulatus.. 19 

equatorial sections of Cydoclypeus (Cydoclypeus) indopaciflcus............... 18

Cydoclypeus (Cydoclypeus) posteidae.- 18 

Cydoclypeus (Katacydodypeus) annulotus . 19

Lepidocydina (Nephrolepidina) japonica. 21

Lepidocydina (Nephrolepidina) martini.. 22

median sections of Camerina fichteli......... 13,14

Operculina eniwetokensis................ 16

Operculina subformai___________ 16

Operculina venosa_________ 17

sections of Operculina ammonoides.......... 14

Operculina bartschi.._______ 15 

transverse sections of, Camerina fichteli..... 13,14

Operculina eniwetokensis............ . 16

Operculina subformai--................. 16

vertical sections of Lepidocyclina japonica..- 21

Lepidocydina (Nephrolepidina) japonica- 21

Lepidocydina (Nephrolepidina) martini. 23

Miogypsina cupulaeformis_________------- 20

neodispansa__________________ 20 

(Miogypsina)-. ... .................. 6,12

thecideaeformis.......................... 6,12

(Miogypsina), Miogypsina-.............. .. 6,12

thecideaeformis, Miogypsina-................ 6,12

Miogypsinidae...________________ 20 

Miogypsinids____________________ 6,12 

Miogypsinoides..................... _____ 6, 12,20

bantamensis................................. 12

cupulaeformis...................... 8, 10, 20; pi. 9

dehaartii........................... 4,6,7,12,23,24

zone..____________________ 3,4,6

grandipustula__________________ 12

mirabilis, Biplanispira. ______________ 7,12

Lepidocydina (Nephrolepidina) sumatrensis. 24

N

Nautilus ammonoides .... 

venosus. ...........

neodispansa, Miogypsina . 

Nephrolepidina-.. .......

........... ...... 14

............ ..... 16

.... ... .......... 20

........ ..... . ... 21

(Nephrolepidina) angulosa, Lepidocydina.- . . 21,22 

cubiculirhomboidea, Lepidocyclina ... - __ 22; pi. 9 

japonica, Lepidocyclina-- .............. .. 21; pi. 10

martini, Lepidocyclina ____ 10, 21, 22; pis. 10, 11 

parva, Lepidocydina..--..-.-.. ... ... ... ... . 3,24

rutteni, Lepidocyclina .... .... ......... ... 24; pi. 11

sumatrensis, Lepidocyclina- .. .... ...... 3, 24; pi. 9

sumatrensis mirabilis, Lepidocydina. ____ 24 

taiwanensis, Lepidocyclina---. .............. 23,24

verbeeki. .................................... 12

Nummulina djokdjokartae ... ___________ 12

Nummulites fichteli. . _______________ 13

subbrogniarti..... .............. ______ 14

(Oumbelia) sub-Formai ____________ 16

INDEX

O

omphala, Discocyhna____________._- E12 

oneataensis, Operculinella----------------... 14

Operculina- ----------------. 9,11, 14, 15,16,17

ammonoides.---. _._____________ 14; pi. 5

amplicuneata.......... _______-____ 16

bartschi- ----------------- 8, 11, 15; pis. 3, 4

punctata.--....____________- 15

eniwetokensis - __________.-_-_ 16; pi. 5 

luddisutura___-.__-____________ 9, 16; pi. 5

rectilata--_____________ 9, 10, 16; pi. 4

saipanensis... ---------------... .. _-__ 12

subformai-------________--_____- 16; pi. 2

venosa.. ____________ 8, 14, 15, 16; pis. 3, 4 

Operculinella ..........................-.----... 15,17

cumingii.. -------------------------------- 17

oneataensis --- ..............-....--.---.--. 14

sp________________________________________ 14

Operculinids-____ . Operculinoides...........

subformai ---------

Operculinoids..-..-.-...

orbitoidea, Pellatispira.... 

orbitoideus, Spirodypeus. 

Orbitoididae.____------.-

parva, Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina).-----.---- 3,24

Pellatispira orbitoidea..---- ------------------ 12

provaleae__ _ 12

Peneroplis carinatus.--------------------------- 12

pengaronensis, Camerina..------ 12

pentekaidekasepta, Cydoclypeus (Cydoclypeus)

posteidae.--......................... 18

penuria, Asterocyclina ....--.. -------------- 12

plecte, Eorupertia,---.. ---------------- - 7, 12

postdouvillei, Cydoclypeuspostindopadficus...... 20

posteidae, Cydoclypeus.----------. ---------- 18

Cydoclypeus (Cydoclypeus)--. .. 8, /S, 19; pi. 6 

hexaseptus, Cydoclypeus (Cydoclypeus) ---- 18

pentekaidekasepta, Cydoclypeus (Cydoclypeus) _ _ -- 18

postindopadfica, Cydoclypeus postindopadficus-. 19 

postindopadficus, Cydoclypeus (Cydoclypeus) -___ 10,

19; pi. 7 

postdouvillei, Cydoclypeus...------ ------- 20

postindopadfica, Cydoclypeus.-- _ -. 19 

praedpua, Asterocyclina-- ... ______-__--_-- % pi. 9

provaleae, Pellatispira--------- ----------- .-.. 12

punctata, Operculina bartschi.._...-......- --.. 15

pygmaeus, Borelis... ___-_- _- __ _ 12

R

rectilata, Operculina- .----- ______ 9, 10, ^6; pi. 4 

References cited. 24

fio.otfa 9,11,00

atjehensis----- --- -- ....- 3, 8, #0; pi. 5

&eccarn' -__-______-_-_ ------ --- 20

atjehensis..-..--.. -.------..---.------ 20

calcar.......... ___-_-_-________-_-_-___-_--- 12

Page

schroeteriana..... _____-____-.-__- E3, 20 

zone____.-___ _-_-.__ ___ 9

Rotaliidae . ___ 20

rutteni, Lepidocydina---.... _____._.____ 24

Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina)..... _-_._- 24; p. 11

S

saipanensis, Fabiania. _______________ 7,12 

Heterostegina.-................------------- 12

Opercutina___________________ 12 

Streblus---.............................. 20; pi. 5

schroeteriana, Rotalia_____________.-- 3,20 

semiornata, Eorupertia______________-- 12 

Sorites martini________________. 12 

spengleri, Calcarina..........-.............. .. 11,12

sphaerulata, Baculogypsina ................... 12

Spirodypeus.................................... 19

higginsi................................... 12

orbitoideus-... ________________-- 12 

vermicularis.-.....................__ 12

yabei .................................. 12

Streblus......................................... 20

beccarii... ________________ 20

saipanensis_________._____ 20; pi. 5

subbrogniarti, Nummulites...................... 14

subformai, Operculina-________ 16; pi. 2

Operculinoides.......................... .. 16

sub-Formai, Nummulites (Oumbelia)---------... 16

suborbicularis, Heterostegina--------------------- 12,17

sumatrensis, Lepidocydina----.................. 24

(Nephrolepidina) ... . .- 3, 24; pi. 9 

sumatrensis mirabilis, Lepidocydina (Nephrolepidina)............................ 24

T

taiwanensis, Lepidocydina (Nephrolepidina)- 23,24 

Tan, S. H., quoted__._-...-.- 9 

terhaari, Cydoclypeus (Cydoclypeus) indopacifiCMS-- . . .. -- 17,18 

thecideaeformis, Miogypsina (Miogypsina)..-.... 6,12 

tournoueri angulosa, Lepidocydina.......... . 21

V

venosa, Operculina. ________ 8, 14, 15, 16; pis. 3, 4 

Nautilus 16

verbeeki, (Nephrolepidina)- 12 

vermicularis, Spirodypeus....................... 12

vertebralis, Marginopora..--... 8,12 

vesicularis, Oypsina.---------------------------- 12

Zone of Heterostegina-..._- - - 6 

Heterostegina borneensis..................... 3,6

Miogypsinoides dehaartii-...... 3,4,6

Rotalia.......... ................. . 9
PLATES 1-11
PLATE 1

FIGURES 1-17. Camerina fichteli (Michelotti) (p. E13).

1-3, 9-11. Median sections; 1, 9-11, X12.5; 2, 3, X20. 1-3, 9, 10, locality Fk 3-1. USNM 625491-625495.

11, locality Ej 1-1. USNM 625496.

4. Transverse section X 12.5 of a microspheric specimen; locality Fk 3-1. USNM 625497. 

5-8. External views, XIO, illustrating the shape of the test and the reticulate character of the sutures; locality

Fk 3-1. USNM 625498-625501. 

12-17. Transverse sections, X 20. 12-14, 16, 17, locality Fk 3-1. USNM 625502-625506. 15, locality Ej 1-1.

USNM 625507.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 403-E PLATE 1
PLATE 2

FIGURES 1-4. Operculina subformai (Provale) (p. El 6).

1, 2. Transverse sections, X20; locality Jl 2-1. USNM 625508-625509. 

3, 4. Median sections, X20; locality Jl 2-1. USNM 625510-625511. 

5, 6, 8, 10, 14, 16, 18. Camerina djokdjokarta (Martin) (p. E12).

5, 6. Transverse sections, X20; locality Fn 2-1. USNM 625512-625513. 

8. Transverse section, X20; locality Hi 6-1. USNM 625514. 

10. Median section, X20; locality Hi 6-1. USNM 625515. 

14. Median section, X20; locality Fn 2-1. USNM 625516.

16. Transverse section, X12.5, of microspheric specimen; locality Fn 2-1. USNM 625517. 

18. Part of a median section, X12.5 of a microspheric specimen; locality Fn 2-1. USNM 625518. 

7, 9, 11-13, 15, 17. Camerina fichteli (Michelotti) (p. E13).

7, 9. Transverse sections, X20, introduced for comparison; locality Muara Djaing on the Tabalong River,

southeastern Borneo; specimens presented to the writer by the late T. Wayland Vaughan. USNM

625519-625520.

11-13. Median sections, 11, X12.5, 12, 13, X20; same locality as figures 7, 9. USNM 625521-625523. 

15, 17. Sections, X20, parallel to and above the median plane to illustrate the reticulate character of the

sutures.

15. Locality Fk 3-1. USNM 625524.

17. Same locality as figures 7, 9. USNM 625525.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 403-E PLATE 2
PLATE 3

FIGURES 1-17. Operculina bartschi Cushman (p. E15).

1. Transverse section, X20, of a specimen introduced for comparison; locality L389, Lakemba, Lau, Fiji. USNM 

625526.

2. Median section, X20; locality Gj 9-2. USNM 625527.

3. Transverse section, X20; locality Gj 9-2. USNM 625528.

4. Median section, X20; locality Gj 9-1. USNM 625529.

5. Median section, X20; locality Ov 6-2. USNM 625530.

6-12, 17. All external views, X10.

6-8. Large, ornate specimens; locality Ov 6-2. USNM 625530-625533.

9-12, 17. Small specimens; locality Gj 9-2. USNM 625534-625538.

13. Median section, X20; locality Gj 9-4. USNM 625539.

14. Median section, X20; locality Ov 6-2. USNM 625540.

15. Transverse section, X20; locality Gj 9-1. USNM 625541.

16. Transverse section, X20, not centered; locality Ov 6-2; USNM 625542. 

18-22. Operculina venosa (Fichtel and Moll) (p. E16).

18. Transverse section, X20, of a specimen with a wide, thin flange; locality Gj 9-1. USNM 625543.

19. Transverse section, X20, of a specimen without a pronounced flange; locality Gj 9-2. USNM 625544.

20. Median section, X20; locality Gj 9-2. USNM 625545.

21. External view, X10, of a specimen with a wide, thin flange; locality Gj 9-2. USNM 625546.

22. Median section, X20; locality Gj 9-4. USNM 625547.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 403-E PLATE 3
PLATE 4

FIGURE 1. Operculina bartschi Cushman (p. El5).

Median section, X20, introduced for comparison; locality L389, Lakemba, Lau, Fiji. USNM 625548. 

2-9. Operculina rectilata Cole (p. E16).

2. Transverse section, X20, slightly oblique; locality Sv 1-4. USNM 625549.

3. Transverse section, X20, of an inflated specimen; locality Sv 1-4. USNM 625550.

4. Median section, X20, strongly oblique, illustrating the embryonic chambers; locality Sv 1-4. USNM 625551.

5. Median section, X20, slightly oblique, illustrating the shape of the chambers; locality Sv 1-4. USNM 625552.

6. Median section, X20, centered; locality Ts 5-10. USNM 625553.

7. Transverse section, X20; locality Sv 1-4. USNM 625554.

8. Transverse section, X20, nearly centered; locality Ts 5-10. USNM 625555.

9. Transverse section, X20, of a probable microspheric specimen; locality Ot 1-2. USNM 625556. 

10-17. Operculina venosa (Fichtel and Moll) (p. E16).

10. 11. Transverse sections, X20, of a megalospheric specimen; locality Ig 8-1. USNM 625557-625558.

12. Transverse section, X20, of a megalospheric specimen; locality Ig 9-7. USNM 625559.

13. 14. Median sections, X20, not centered; locality Ig 8-1. USNM 625560-625561.

15. Median section, X20, strongly oblique, illustrating the embryonic chambers; locality Ig 8-1. USNM 625562.

16. Median section, X20, not centered; locality Ig 9-7. USNM 625563.

17. Transverse section, X20, not centered, of a probable microspheric specimen; locality Ig 8-1. USNM 625564.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 403-E PLATE 4

i-Y V "' ^ ~ jJ^-^A **U :&& -^:^. **%& tjj I," ^^yv,

^:^WK^ x^^-x -?,'.*. $Z asfffi^ t3^r^* -.V "% ifcm^ Lf*-t 4i^«r/f

'?;

OPEKCC/L/7VA
PLATE 5

FIGURES 1-4, 8, 9. Eotalia atjehensis Van der Vlerk (p. E20). 

1-3, 9. All are median sections, X20

1. Locality Ts 16-10. TJSNM 625565.

2. Locality Gj 9-2. TJSNM 625566.

3. Locality Ih 5-3. TJSNM 625567. 

9. Locality Ts 9-1. TJSNM 625568.

4. 8. Both are transverse sections, X 20 

4. Locality Ih 5-3. TJSNM 625569. 

8. Locality Gj 9-2. TJSNM 625570. 

5-7. Streblus saipanensis Cole (p. E20).

5. 6. Transverse sections, X40; locality li 6-35. TJSNM 625571-625572. 

7. Transverse section, X20; locality li 6-35. TJSNM 625573. 

10. Operculina lucidisutura Cole (p. E16).

Slightly oblique median section, X20; locality Ot 1-2. TJSNM 625574. 

11, 12, 25. Operculina eniwetokensis Cole (p. E16).

11. Transverse section, X20; locality Hi 6-1. USNM 625575.

12. 25. Median sections, X20; locality Hi 6-1. TJSNM 625576-625577.

13-24, 26-30, 33-35. Operculinoides ammonoides (Gronovius) (p. E14). 13-20. All are external views, X10. 

13-15, 19, 20. Locality Gj 9-2. TJSNM 625578-625581; 625596. 

16-18. Specimens from the modern sea, introduced for comparison; gift of Mrs. E. R. Applin; locality

Espiritu Santo, New Hebrides. TJSNM 625582-625584. 

21, 22, 24, 28-30. All are transverse sections, X20, except 24, X40.

21, 22. Specimens from the modern sea, introduced for comparison; same locality as figures 16-18. TJSNM

625585-625586.

24. Transverse section of a specimen with a depressed revolving suture from the modern sea, introduced 

for comparison; same locality as figs. 16-18. TJSNM 625597.

28. Specimen from Lau, Fiji, introduced for comparison; locality L307, Lakemba, Lau, Fiji. TJSNM 

625587.

29. 30. Locality Gj 9-2. TJSNM 625588-625589. 

23, 26, 27, 33-35. All are median sections, X20.

23. Specimen from the modern sea introduced for comparison; same locality as figures 16-18. TJSNM 

625590.

26. Locality Gj 9-1. TJSNM 625591.

27. 33, 34. Locality Gj 9-2. TJSNM 625592-625594.

35. Specimen from Lau, Fiji, introduced for comparison; same locality as figure 28; TJSNM 625595. 

31, 32. Heterostegina aequatoria Cole (p. E17).

31. Transverse section, X20; locality Hi 6-1. TJSNM 625598.

32. Median section, X20; locality Hi 6-1. TJSNM 625599.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 403-E PLATE 5

I ^r>^ - T«".

9^&<3f&&

35

X 20

HETEROSTEGINA,OPERCULINA,ROTALIA AND STREBLUS
PLATE 6

FIGURES 1-4. Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus) martini Van der Vlerk (p. E20).

1. Part of an equatorial section, X40; locality Gj 7-2. TJSNM 625600.

2. Part of an equatorial section, X20; locality Jj 9-3. TJSNM 625601.

3. Part of a slightly oblique transverse section, X12.5; locality Ts 2-la. USNM 625602.

4. External view, X10; locality Jj 9-3. USNM 625603. 

5, 6. Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) carpenteri H.B. Brady (p. E17).

5. Part of an equatorial section, X40, showing the embryonic and three nepionic chambers, the first one of which 

is large and not subdivided into chamberlets; locality Bikini Atoll from water 580 to 800 feet deep. USNM 

625604.

6. Part of a slightly oblique equatorial section, X40, showing the same characteristics as does figure 5; locality

Ig 9-8. USNM 625605. 

7-12. Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) posteidae Tan (p. El8).

7. 9-12. Parts of equatorial sections, X40. 

7. Locality Gj 9-4. USNM 625606.

9. Locality Jj 9-3. USNM 625607.

10. Locality Gj 9-4. USNM 625608.

11. Locality Gj 9-2. USNM 625609.

12. Introduced for comparison; locality 62, Vanua Mbalavu, Lau, Fiji. USNM 625610.

8. External view, XlO; locality Gj 9-4. USNM 625611. 

13, 14. Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus) annulatus Martin (p. E19).

13. Part of a transverse section, X20, of a megalospheric specimen; locality Gj 9-4. USNM 625612.

14. Part of a transverse section, X12.5, of a microspheric individual; locality Ih 5-7. USNM 625613.
403-E PLATE 6

-^^^

CYCLOCLYPEUS
PLATE 7

FIGUKES 1-6, 8-10. Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) indopacificus Tan (p. E17). 

1-4, 9, 10. Parts of equatorial sections, X40.

1. Locality Gj 9-2. USNM 625614.

2. 3, 10. Comparison specimens previously identified as C. (C.) indopacificus terhaari Tan; locality L389,

Lakemba, Lau, Fiji. USNM 625615-625617. 

4, 9. Locality Gj 9-4. USNM 625618-625619.

5, 6, 8. External views, 5, X10; 6, 8, X4; locality Gj 9-4. USNM 625620-625622. 

7. Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus) annulatus Martin (p. E19).

External view, X4; locality Gj 9-2. USNM 625623. 

11, 12. Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) postindopacificus Tan (p. E19). 

Parts of equatorial sections, X40.

11. Locality Sv 1-4. USNM 625624.

12. Locality Ts 5-10. USNM 625625.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 403-E PLATE 7

CFCLOCLYP^C/S
PLATE 8

FIGURES 1, 2. Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) carpenteri H. B. Brady (p. E17).

1. Transverse section, X20, nearly centered; locality Ig 7-1. USNM 625626.

2. Transverse section, X20, centered; locality Ig 9-8. USNM 625627. 

3. Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) indopacificus Tan (p. E17).

Transverse section, X20; locality Gj 9-4. USNM 625628. 

4-6, 8-11. Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus) annulatus Martin (p. El9).

Parts of equatorial sections, X40, illustrating the embryonic and nepionic chambers.

4. With two nepionic chambers; locality Gj 9-4. USNM 625629.

5. With one large and one small nepionic chamber on opposite sides of the embryonic chambers; locality Gj 9-2. 

USNM 625630.

6. Comparison specimen; locality 62, Vanua Mbalavu, Lau, Fiji. USNM 625631.

8. With irregularly developed embryonic chambers and two nepionic chambers; locality Gj 9-4. USNM 625632.

9. With irregularly developed nepionic chambers; locality Gj 9-1. UNSM 625633.

10. With three nepionic chambers the first of which is not subdivided into chamberlets; locality Gj 9-1. USNM

625634.

11. With irregularly developed embryonic chambers and two nepionic chambers; locality Gj 9-4. USNM

625635. 

7. Cycloclypeus (Cycloclypeus) hexaseptus Tan (p. E18).

Part of an equatorial section, X40, identified previously as C. (C.) posteidae hexasepta Tan; locality 62, Vanua, 

Mbalavu, Lau, Fiji. USNM 625636.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 403-E PLATES

CFCLOCLFP^f/S
PLATE 9

FIGUKES 1-3. Flosculinella bontangensis (L. Rutten) (p. E20).

1. Axial section, X40, not centered; locality Gj 6-1. USNM 625637.

2. 3. Oblique sections, X40; locality Jj 3-2. USNM 625638-625639. 

4-10, 19. Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) sumatrensis (Brady) (p. E24).

4. Vertical section, X20, of a small specimen; locality Fi 3-2. USNM 625640.

5. Vertical section, X20, of a medium size specimen with low lateral chambers and heavy pillars; locality li 6-39. 

USNM 625641.

6. Vertical section, X20, of an inflated specimen without pillars, generally called L. (N.) sumatrensis inornata; 

locality Fi 3-3. USNM 625642.

7. 9, 10. Vertical sections, X20, of specimens illustrating two distinct kinds of lateral chambers in each specimen; 

locality li 6-14. USNM 625643-625645.

8. Vertical section, X20, of a specimen with open lateral chambers and few strong pillars; locality li 6-39. USNM

625646.

19. Part of an equatorial section, X40; locality li 6-39. USNM 625647. 

11. Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) cubiculirhomboidea Cole (p. E22). Vertical section, X20; locality Eh 2-4. USNM

625648. 

12, 13, 18. Asterocyclina praecipua Cole (p. E24).

12. Vertical section, X20, of a magalospheric specimen; locality Jl 2-1. USNM 625649.

13. Part of an equatorial section, X40, of a megalospheric specimen; locality Fk 3. USNM 625650. 

18. Vertical section, X20, of a microspheric individual; locality Fk 3. USNM 625651.

14. 17. Cycloclypeus (Katacycloclypeus) annulatus Martin (p. El9).

14. External view, X3, of a specimen with four well-developed annular inflations; locality Gj 9-1. USNM 625652. 

17. Part of an equatorial section, X40, showing two sets of embryonic chambers; locality Gj 9-2. USNM 625653.

15. 16. Miogypsinoides cupulaeformis (Zuffardi-Comerci) (p. E20).

15. Equatorial section, X20; locality Gj 9-1. USNM 625654.

16. Vertical section, X20; locality Gj 9-1. USNM 625655.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 403-E PLATE 9

ASTEROCYCLINA, CYCLOCLYPEUS, FLOSCULINELLA, LEPIDOCYCLINA, AND MIOGYPSINOIDES
PLATE 10

FIGURES 1-9, 11, 13, 14, 18. Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidind) japonica Yabe (p. E21).

1-8. Vertical sections, X 20.

1. Vertical section of a specimen with large embryonic chambers; locality Jj 9-3. USNM 625656.

2. 3. Vertical sections of specimens with small embrj^onic chambers and small pillars; locality

Gj 7-2. USNM 625657-625658. 

4, 5, 7. Locality Gj 7-2. USNM 625660-625662. 

6. Locality Fi 3-1. USNM 625663.

8. Locality Jj 9-3. USNM 625664.

9. 11, 13, 14, 18. Median sections, X20.

9. 13, 14. Locality Gj 7-2. USNM 625665-625667.

11. Median section of a specimen with large embryonic chambers; locality Jj 9-3. USNM 625659. 

18. Locality Jj 9-3. USNM 625668. 

10, 12, 15-17. Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) martini Schlumberger (p. E22).

10. Vertical section, X40, of a small specimen; locality Ih 5-4. USNM 625669. 

12. Part of an equatorial section, X40, illustrating the embryonic and equatorial chambers; 

locality Gj 7-2. USNM 625670.

15. Equatorial section, X40, illustrating the embryonic and periembryonic chambers and the 

stellate arrangement of the equatorial chambers; locality Gj 7-2. USNM 625671.

16. Part of a vertical section, X20, through a ray of probable microspheric specimen; locality 

Gj 7-1. USNM 625672.

17. Vertical section, X20, of a megalospheric specimen that was cut along one ray (upper part); 

locality Gj 7-2. USNM 625673.
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PLATE 11

FIGURES 1-8. Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) rutteni Van der Vlerk (p. E24).

1. Vertical section, X 20, of a trigonal specimen; locality Ts 2-lb. USNM 625674.

2. Vertical section, X 20, nearly centered, of a specimen introduced for comparison, identified and presented to 

the writer by I. M. van der Vlerk; locality Tjepoe, Java. USNM 625675.

3. Vertical section, X 12.5, slightly oblique, showing a segment of the equatorial chambers as well as the lateral 

chambers; locality Ts 2-lb. USNM 625676.

4. Vertical section, X 20, of a large trigonal specimen; locality Ts 2-lb. USNM 625677.

5. Vertical section, X 20, not centered, showing the equatorial layer and lateral chambers; locality Ts 2-lb. 

USNM 625678.

6. Segment of figure 3, X 40, illustrating the shape of the equatorial chambers. USNM 625679.

7. Vertical section, X 20, strongly oblique, illustrating lateral chambers and small pillars; locality Ts 2-lb. 

USNM 625680.

8. Vertical section, X 40, of a small megalospheric specimen; locality Ts 2-lb. USNM 625681. 

9-17. Lepidocyclina (Nephrolepidina) martini Schlumberger (p. E22).

9. 10, 12, 13, 15, 16. Vertical sections, 9, 10, 16, X 20; 12, 13, 15, X40.

9. Locality Fi 5-1. USNM 625682.

10. Locality Jj 9-3. USNM 625683.

12. Locality Ih 5-4. USNM 625684.

13. Specimen introduced for comparison; locality 62, Vanua, Mbalavu, Lau, Fiji. USNM 625685.

15. Locality Fi 5-1. USNM 625686.

16. Locality Fi 5-2. USNM 625687. 

11, 14, 17. Equatorial sections, 11, 17, X 40; 14, X 20.

11. Specimen introduced for comparison; the same locality as figure 13. USNM 625688. 

14. Locality Jj 9-3. USNM 625689. 

17. Locality Jj 9-3. USNM 625690.
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