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EA 005 513

Simon, Kenneth A.; Grant, W. Vance

Digest of Educational Statistics, 1972 Edition.

National Center for Educational Statistics (DHEW/OE),

Washington, D.C.

DHEW-OE-73-11103

73

178p.; A related document is ED

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DESCRIPTORS Academic Achievement; Degrees (Titles); DropOut Rate;

Educational Facilities; *Elementary Education;

Employment Statistics; Enrollment; Expenditures;

Graduates; *Higher Education; Income; Libraries;

Public Television; School Districts; School Holding

Pow r; *Secondary Education; *Statistical Data;

Teachers

ABSTRACT

The 11th in a series of annual publications, this

document provides an abstract of statistical information covering

American education from kindergarten through graduate school.

Subjects on which statistics are provided include the number of

schools and colleges; and information on enrollments, teachers,

graduates, educational attainment, finances, federal funds for

education, libraries, international education, and research and

development. The digest is divided according to (1) all levels of

education, (2) elementary and secondary education, (3) higher

education, (4) federal programs for education and related activities,

and (5) selected statistics related to education in the United

States. Innovations include statistics on enrollment and educational

attainment from the 1970 Census of Population; trend data on

enrollment in high school subjects; teaching and research staff in

institutions of higher education, by academic field; expanded

coverage of gifts and grants to colleges and universities; employment

of recent college graduates; public television stations by type of

programing and license; and summary data from the National Assessment

of Educational Progress in writing, citizenship, science, reading,

and literature. (Author)
VD

DHEW Publication No. (OE) 73-11103

U.S. [ tpARTNIENT OF HEALTH.

EDUCATION &WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION

THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO

D UCE° EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM

THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATIONORioiN

*TING IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS

STATED OD NOT NECESSARILY REPRE

SENT OFF ICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF E DUCATION POSITION OR POLICY Digest

of Educational

Statistics

1972 Edition

By KENNETH A. SIMON

Chief, Reference, Estimates, and Projections Branch

and

W. VANCE GRANT

Specialist, Educational Statistics

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE

CASPAR W. WEINBERGER, Secretary

S. P. MARIANO, JR., Assistant Secretary

Education Division

Irmi Office of Education

14 JOHN R. OTTINA, Acting Commissioner

Lr3 National Center for Educational Statistics

CZ DOROTHY M. GILFORD, Assistant Commissioner for Educational Statistics

C.)

t

FILMED FROM BEST AVAILABLE COPY
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON: 1973 a. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,

Washington. D.C. 20402Price: $2.35 domestic postpaid. or $2 GPO Bookstore

Stock Number 1780-01139

a
Foreword

The 1972 edition of the Digest of Educational Statistics is the 11th in a series of

annual publications initiated by the Office of Education in 1962. its primary purpose

is to provide an abstract of statistical information covering the broad field of American

. education from kindergarten through the graduate school. In order to perform this

function, it utilizes materials from numerous sources, including the statistical surveys

and estimates of the Office of Education and other appropriate agencies, both

governmental and nongovernmental. The publication contains information on a

variety of subjects within the field of educational statistics, including the number of

schools and colleges, enrollments, teachers, graduates, educational attainment.

finances, Federal funds for education, libraries, international education, and research

and development.

The Digest is divided into five chapters: All Levels of Education, Elementary

and Secondary Education, Highier Education, Federal Programs for Education and

Related Activities, and Selected Statistics Related to Education in the United States.

To qualify for inclusion in this publication, material must be nationwide in scope

and of current interest and value. Series of data extending as far back as 1870 have

been employed in many instances in order to give some historical perspective. The

introduction supplements the tabular materials in chapters 1 through V by providing

a brief description and analysis of current trends in American education.

In addition to updating many of the statistics which appeared in previous

years, this edition of the Digest contains a number of innovations. These include

statistics on enrollment and educational attainment from the 1970 Census of Popula

Lion; trend data on enrollment in high school subjects; teaching and research staff

in institutions of higher education, by academic field; expanded coverage of gifts

and grants to colleges and universities; employment of recent college graduates;

public television stations, by type of programing and licensee; and summary data

from the National Assessment of Educational Progress in writing, citizenship, science,

reading, and literature.

In the past the Digest of Educational Statistics has proved useful to persons

interested in the nature and scope of education in the United States and in par.

quiff to those individuals concerned with the formulation and conduct of educational

policy. We trust that the readers of the 11th edition will find it even more valuable

than its predecessors.

DOROTHY M. GILFORD

Assistant Commissioner for

Educational Statistics

ill
Contents

Page

Foreword ill

Introduction 1

Chapter I. All Levels of Education 5

Chapter H. Elementary and Secondary Education 29

Chapter III. Higher Education 67

Chapter IV. Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities 121

Chapter V. Selected Statistics Related to Education in the United *States 139

Index 165

FIGURES

1. The structure of education in the United States 4

2. Estimated retention rates, fifth grade through college graduation: United States. 1961 to ir

1973 13

3. Percent of illiteracy in the population, by race: United States, 1870 to 1969 17

4. Total expenditures for education as a percentage of the gross national product: United States,

1929.30 to 1971.72 24

5. Expenditures of State and local governments, 1969.70 26

6. Selected characteristics of public elementary and secondary school teachers: United States,

1970.71 47

7. Number of public school districts: United States, 1949.50 to 1969.70 53

8. Number of high school graduates for each 100 persons 17 years of age: United States, 1869-

70 to 1969.70 56

9. Selected characteristics of first-time college students: United States, fall 1971 77

10. Selected characteristics of college faculty members: United States, spring 1969 88

11. Number of institutions of higher education, for men, for women, and coeducational: United

States and outlying areas, 1960.61 to 1970-71 94

12. Percentage distribution of foreign students enrolled in American institutions of higher education. by area of origin: 1969-70 147

TABLES

All Levels of Education

Enrollment

1. Estimated enrollment in educational institutions, by level of instruction and by type of control:

United States, fall 1971 and fall 1972 6

2. Enrollment in educational institutions, by level If instruction and by type of control: United

States, fall 1969 6

3. Enrollment in educational institutions, by level of instruction and by type of school: United

States, 1899-1900 to fall 1969 7

4. Percent of the population 3 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by race, sex, and age: United

States, October 1971 8

5. Percent of the population 5 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by age: United States, October

1947 to October 1971 8

6. Percent of the population 3 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by age and by State: Spring

1970 9

7. Participants in adult education, by sex, race, age, and source of instruction: United States,

May 1969 10
Page

Teachers and Other Instructional Staff

8. Number of teachers in elementary and secondary schools, and instructional staff members

in institutions of higher education: United States, 1929-30 to 1965.66 10

9. Estimated number of classroom teachers in elementary and secondary schools, and total in

structional staff for resident courses in institutions of higher education: United States,

fall 1971 and fall 1972 11

Schools and School Districts

10. Number of local basic administrative units (school districts), and number of schools by level

and control, by State: 1970-71 12

Retention Rates and Educational Attainment

11. Estimated retention rates, fifth grade through college entrance, in public and nonpublic

schools: United States, 1924-32 to 1962.70 14

12. Level of school completed by persons 25 years old and over and 25 to 29 years old, by

color: United States. 1910 to 1972 14

13. Median school years completed by persons 25 years old and over, by sex, race, and State:

1970 15

14. Years of school completed by persons 25 years old and over, by State: 1970 16

15. illiteracy of the population, by State: 1900, 1930, and 1960 18

16. Percent of draftees who failed to meet the mental requirements for induction into the armed

services, by State: 1970 18

17. Occupation of employed persons 18 years old and over, by sex, color, and years of school

completed: United States, March 071 19

Income

18. Total annual money income of persons 25 years old and over, by years of school completed,

sex. and age: United States. 1970 . 20

19. Annual income of men, by lee and years of school completed: United States, 1956 to 1968 21

20. Lifetime income of rr.en. ! years of school completed: United States, 1956 to 1968 21

21. Receipts of educational .titutions, by level of insiuction, type of control, and source:

United Stater, 1969 . 21

Expenditures

22. Estimated expenditures or education, by level of instruction and by type of control: United

States, 1971-72 and 1972-73 22

23. Estimated expenditures of educational institutions, by source of funds: United States, 1967-

68 to 1972-73 22

24. Expenditures for education, including capital outlay, by level of instruction and by type of

control: United States, 1967.68 25

25. Gross national product related to total expenditures for education: United States, 1929-30

to 1971.72 25

26. Direct expenditures of State and local governments for all functions and for education, by

per capita amount and percent of per capita income: 1969-70 27

Elementary and Secondary Education

Enrollment

27. Enrollment in full-time public elementary and secondary day schools, by level and by State:

Fail 1971 and fall 1972 30

28. Enrollment by grade in full-time public elementary and secondary day schools: United States,

1960-61 to 1971.72 31

29. Enrollment, attendance, and length of school term in public elementary and secondary day

schools, by State: 1969.70 .32

30. Age ranges for compulsory and permissive school attendance, by State: 1965 33

31. Enrollment in grades 9-12 in public and nonpublic schools compared with population 14.17

years of age: United States, 1889.90 to fall 1971 33

32. Historical seminary of public elementary and secondary school statistics: United States,

1869.70 to 1967.68 34

33. Selected statistics of local public school systems, by enrollment size: United States, fall

1969 36

34. Enrollment in special education programs for exceptional children: United States, February

1963 and 1970-71 36

35. Selected statistics on public elementary and secondary schools in large cities: 1970.72 37

36. Number and percent of public school pupils transported at public expense, and current expenditures for transportation: United States, 1929-30 to 1969.70 37

37. Enrollment in elementary and secondary schools, by control and by State: Spring 1970 38

vi
Page

38. Percentage distribution of enrollment in elementary and secondary schools, by control, and

by State: Spring 1970 39

39. Nonpublic elementary and secondary schools. pupils, and teachers, by level and by church

affiliation of .chool: United States, 1970.71 40

40. Summary statistics on Catholic elementary and secondary schools: United States, 1919-20

to 1971.72 40

41. Enrollment of 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old chlldre n in preprimary programs, by age and by type

of program: United States, October 1971 40

42. Estimated enrollment in nonpublic elementary and secondary schools. by State: Fall 1972 41

43. Enrolled in science and mathematics courses in public high schools, by sex: United States.

1964-65 41

44. Enrollment in science and mathematics courses in public high schools compared with total

enrollment in grades 9-12 and population aged 14.17: United States, 1948.49 to 1962-63 41

45. Enrollment in foreign languages in public and nonpublic secondary schools: United States,

fall 1964 42

46. Number of students enrolled in various subject areas compared with total enrollment in

grades 7 to 12 of public secondary schools: United States, 1948-49, 1960-61, and 1970-71 42

47. Enrollment in federally .aided vocational education classes, by type of program and by level

of instruction: United States and outlying areas, fiscal years 1966 to 1971 43

48. Enrollment in federally aided vocational classes, by type of program: United States and outlying areas, 1920 to 1971 44

Teachers and Other Instructional Staff

49. Teachers of federally aided vocational education classes, by type of program: United States

and outlying areas. fiscal years 1966 to 1971 44

50. Estimated number of classroom teachers in nonpublic secondary schools, by teaching field:

United States, fall 1972 44

51. Number Of full-time and part-time classroom teachers in public and nonpublic elementary

and secondary day schools, by State: Fall 1971 and fail 1972 45

52. Instructional staff in public elementary and secondary day schools, by type of position

and by State: 1969.70 46

53. Selected characteristics of public school teachers, by level and by sex: United States, 1970-71 48

54. Public secondary school teachers, by teaching field and by sex: United States, 1970.71 48

55. Average annual salary of Instructional staff in public elementary and secondary day schools,

and average annual earnings of full-time employees in all industries, in unadjusted dollars: United States, 1929-30 to 1971-72 48

56. Estimated average annual salary of classroom teachers in public elementary and secondary

schools: United 'States, 1955-56 to 1971-72 49

57. Percentage distribution of estimated annual salaries paid classroom teachers in public elementary and secondary schools: United States, 1952.53 to 1971.72 49

58. Average annual salary of instructional staff in full-time public elementary and secondary day

schools, by State: 1929-30 to 1971-72 50

Instructional Rooms and Other Facilities

59. Selected statistics on schoolhousing in full-time public elementary and secondary day schools,

by State: 1970.71 and fall 1971 51

60. Selected characteristics of in4tructional rooms in public school plants, by State: 1964.65 52

Schools and School Districts

61. Number of local basic administrative units (school districts), by State: Fall 1971 54

62. Number of public school systems and number of pupils enrolled, by size of system: United

States, 1966-67 54

63. Number of local basic administrative units (school districts), and number of public and nonpublic elementary and secondary schools: United States, 1929.30 to 1970.71 54

64. Number and percent of public secondary schools, by type of school: United States, 1919-

20 to 1965.66 55

High School Graduates and Dropouts

65, Number of high school graduates compared with population 17 years of age: United States,

1869.70 to 1970-71 55

66. Percent ,of high school dropouts among persons 14 to 19 years old, by race and sex: United

States, 1970 and 1971 55

67. Number of public and nonpublic high school graduates, by sex and by State: 1970-71 ... 57

Income

68. Estimated revenue and nonrevenue receipts of public elementary and secondary schools, by

source and by State: 1971.72 58

69. Revenue receipts of public elementary and secondary schools from Federal, State, focal, and

other sources, by State: 1969.70 59

vii
Page

70. Pak elementary and secondary school revenue receipts from Federal, State, and local

sources: United States, 1919.20 to 196970 60-

71. Results of public school bond elections: United States, 1957.58 to 197172 60

Expenditures

72. Estimated expennitures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose and by

State: 1971.72 61

73. Summary of expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose and

by State: 196970 62

i4. Summary of expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose: United

States, 1919.20 to 1969-70 63

75. Personal income, 1971, related to public school expenditures, by State: 1971.72 64

76. Estimated expenditure per pupil in average lay attendance in public elementary and secondary day schools, by State: 197172 65

77. Total and current expenditure per pupil in average daily attendance in public elementary and

secondary schools: United States, 1929.30 to 1971.72 65

78. Expenditures of Federal, State, and local funds for vocational education: United States cnd

outlying areas, 1920 to 1971 66

79. Expenditures of Federal, State, and local funds for vocational education, by State: Fiscal year

1971. 66

Higher Education

Enrollment

80. Total enrollment in institutions of higher education, by attendance status and sex of student,

control of institution, and State: Fall 1.971 68

81. Total and first-time degree.credit enrollment in institutions of higher education, by State:

Fall 1971 and fall 1972 69

82. Total enrollment in institutions of higher education, by type and level of enrollment and by

State: Fall 1971 70

83. Selected statistics for the 60 institutions of higher education enrolling the largest number

of students: United States, fall 1971 71

84. Total enrollment in institutions of higher education, by control of institution and by State:

Fall 1970 72

85. Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex and by type and control of institution:

United States and outlying areas, fall 1960 and fall 1965 73

86. Enrollment in institutions of higher education compared with population aged 18-24: United

States, fall 1950 to fall 1971 74

87. Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex and by control of institution: United

States, fall 1946 to fall 1971 74

88. Resident degree-credit enrollment in institutions of higher education related to total population arid to age groups 18.21 and 18-24: United States, 1869-70 to fall 1970 75

89. Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex, type of enrollment, and control of

institution: United States, fall 1970 76

90. First-time enrolln.c.nt in institutions of higher education, by sex and by control of institution:

United States, fall 1946 to fall 1972 76

91. Selected characteristics of first-time students in institutions of higher education: United

States, fall 1971 78

92. Residence and migration of college students taking work creditable toward a bachelor's or

higher degree, by State: Fall 1968 79

93. Enrollment for advanced degrees, by level of enrollment, sex of student, attendance status,

and field of study: United States and outlying areas, fall 1970 80

94. Enrollment for master's any doctor's degrees, by field of study: United Stites and outlying

areas, fall 1960 to fall 1970 81

95. Selected characteristics of college students 16 to 34 years of age: United States, October

1971 81

96. Selected characteristics of graduate students: United States, spring 1965 82

97. Socioeconomic background of graduate students, by sex; United States, spring 1965 83

.98. Stipend status of graduate students: United States, sprint 1965 83

99. Number of 2-year institutions of higher education and enrollment, by control of institution

and by sex: United States, fall 1947 to fall 1970 84

100. Engineering enrollment in institutions of higher education, by level: United States and outlying areas, fall 1949 to fall 1971 84

101, Faculty, students, and degrees conferred in institutions attended predominantly' by Negro

students: United States, 1963.64 85

102. Historical summary of faculty, students, degrees, and finances in institutions of higher education: United States, 1869-70 to 1968-69 86

viii
Page

Faculty and Other Professional Staff

103. Estimated full-time and parttime resident instructional staff in institutions of higher education.. by academic rank: United States. tall 1960 to 1972 87

104. Full-time and part-time teaching and research staff in institutions of higher education, by

academic rank and field: United States and outlying areas. fall 1968 87

105. Demographic and background characteristics of college faculty members, by type of insti

tution and by sex: United States. spring 1969 ..... .... . - ..... .. 89

106. Professional background and academic activity of college faculty members. by type of institution and by sex: United States, spring 1969 90

107. Average salaries of faculty members in institutions of higher education, by type of institution, length of contract, and academic rank: United States, 1966-67 and 196768. 92

108. Median salaries of instructional staff in institutions of higher education, by academic rank,

type of institution, and size of enrollment: United States, 1969.70 and 1971-72 92

109. Median annual salaries of instructional staff and administrative officers in 4-year colleges and

universities: United States, 1959.60 to 1971.72 93

Institutions

110. Number of institutions of higher education, by type, control. and size of enrollment: United

States, fall 1971 93

111. Number of institutions of higher education, by type, control, and State: Fall 1971 95

112. Number of institutions of higher education, by control of institution and by State: Fall 1971 96

Degrees

113. Earned degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by level of degree and by State:

1970-71 and 1971.72 97

114. Bachelor's, master's, and doctor's degrees conferred by institute ms of higher education, by

sex of student and by field of study: United States, 1970-71 98

115. Earned degrees conferred by institutions of higher education: United States, 1869-70 to

1970-71 103

116. Engineering degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by level of degree: United

States and outlying areas, 194849 to 1970-71 103

117. Number of first-professional degrees conferred in dentistry, medicine, and law, by sex: United

States, 1949.50 to 1970.71 103

118. First-professional degrees conferred by institutv,ns of higher education, by sex of student.

control of institution. and field of study: United States, 1970.71 104

119. Male college graduates in the population, by field of highest degree: United States, March

1967 104

120. Doctor's degrees conferred by 60 large institutions of higher education: 196162 to 1970-71 105

121. Formal awards based on organized occupational curriculums at the technical or semiprofes.

sional level in institutions of higher education, by length and type of curriculum and by

sex of recipient: United States and outlying areas. 196970 106

122. Associate degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by sex of student and by type

of degree: United States. 1965-66 to 1969-70 107

Income

123. Current-fund revenue of institutions of higher education, by control of institution and by

source of revenue: United States, 1969.70 108

124. Current-fund revenue of institutions of higher education from State and local governments related to total current.fund revenue, by control of institution and by State: 1968-69 109

125. Current-fund revenue of institutions of higher education, by control of institution and by State: 1967.68 and 196869 110

126. Income of institutions of higher education: United States, 1919-20 to 196970 111

127. Private gifts and grants to institutions of higher education, by control of institution: United States, 1959-60 to 1969.70 112

128. Estimated tuition and fees. and room and board rates, in institutions of higher edueation, by type and control of institution: United States, 1963-64 to 1973.74 113

129. Basic student charges by institutions of higher education for tuition and fees, room and board,

by control and type of institution: United States and outlying areas, 196869 113

Expenditures

130. Current-fund expenditures of institutions of higher education. by control and by purpose: United States, 1969.70 114

131. Current-fund expenditures of institutions of higher education, by control and by State: 1967- 68 and 1968-69 115

132. Personal income, 1968, related to educational and general expenditures for higher education and to educational and general funds received from State and local governments, by State: 1968.69 116

133. Expenditures of institutions of higher education: United States, 1929-30 to 1969-70 .... ... 117

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Page

Property

134. Physical plant value per student in institutions of higher education, by control and by level:

United States, 1967.68 and 1969.70 118

135. Endowment funds per student in instiutions of higher education, by control and by level!

United States, 1966.67 and 1969-70 118

136. Property of institutions of higher education: United States. 1919-20 to 1969.70 118

137. Student financial aid funds disbursed by institutions of higher education, by type of program, control of institution, type of aid, and academic level of recipient: United States and

outlying areas, 1966.67 119

138. Selected data for land-grant institutions on students and finances: United States and outlying areas, 1960.61 and 1970.71 120

Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities

139. Federal funds for education and related activities: Obligations for fiscal years 1962 to 1967

and outlay for fiscal years 1968 to 1973 126

140. Federal funds for education and related activities, by agency: Estimated outlay, fiscal years

1971 to 1973 128

141. Summary of Federal funds for research, `development. and R. & D. plant: Fiscal years 1969,

1970, and 1971 129

142. Fellowship, traineeship, and training grant programs of Federal agencies: Expenditures and

number of participants, fiscal year 1970 130

143. Office of Education expenditures, by legislative program: Fiscal years 1960 to 1973 131

144. Federal grants to State and local governments for elementary and secondary schools, by

agency and by State: Fiscal year 1969 134

145. Federal obligations to universities and colleges, by agency and by State: Fiscal year 1970 135

146. Federal grants to State and local governments administered by the Office of Education, by

program and by State: Fiscal year 1970 136

147. Office of Education funds obligated for instructional materials and equipment, by program:

Fiscal year 1970 137

Selected Statistics Related to Education in the United States

Employment Status and Job Opportunities

148. College enrollment and labor force status of 1971 high school graduates, by sew, color, and

marital status of women: United States, October 1971 140

149. Employment status of 1971 high school graduates not enrolled in college and of 1970.71

school dropouts, by sex, color, and marital status of women: United States, October 1971 141

150. Major occupation groups of employed high school graduates not enrolled in college, by year

of high school graduation, and of school dropouts, by year last attended school, by sex:

United States, October 1971 142

151. Relationship of work of degree recipients to major field of study, and reason for working in

a job not directly related to field: United States, October 1971 143

152. Occupation group of employed degree recipients, by sex: United States, October 1971 143

153. Average monthly salary offers to male candidates for the bachelor's degree, by field of study:

United States, 1966.67 to 1971-72 144

154, Average monthly salary offers to male candidates for master's and dodor's degrees, by field

of study: United States, 1969-70 to 1971-72 144

International Education

155. United States College faculty abroad, by country and by field of interest: 1970.71 145

156. United States college students abroad, by country and by field of study: 1969.70 145

157. Enrollment of foreign students in institutions of higher education, by level and by State:

Fall 1968 146

158. Number of toreign students enrolled in American institutions of higher education, by area

of origin: 1954.55 to 1970.71 148

159. Number of foreign students enrolled in American institutions of higher education, by area of

origin, major field of interest, and academic status: 1970.71 149

160. Estimated total population and enrollment, by level, in selected countries of the world: 1967 150

161. Estimated population and enrollment, by level, in major areas of the world: 1967 151

Libraries and Public Television

162. Broadcast hours of public television stations, by type of programing and by type of licensee,

geographic region, and budget size: United States and outlying areas, fiscal year 1971 , . 151

163. General statistics of public libraries serving areas of 25,000 or more population: United States

and outlying areas, fiscal year 1968 152

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Page

164. Rank order of public libraries with 1 million or more volumes in their collections: United

States, 1968 152

165. Selected statistics on the collections, staff, and operating expenditures of 30 large university

libraries: 1970.71 153

166. General statistics of College and university libraries: United States and outlying areas, 1959-

60, 1963.64, and 1968-69 154

167. index of prices for hardcover books, by category: United States, 1967.69 and 1971 .154

168. Average price and price index for books, periodicals, and serial services: United States, 1957-

59 and 1965 to 1971 155

Research and Development

169. Number and median annual salaries of scientists, by type of employer and by field: United

States, 1970 155

170. Financial support for educational research and development, by sponsoring agency: United

States, fiscal year 1968 156

171. Research and development funds related to the gross national product: United States, 1953

to 1971 156

172. Sources of funds used for research and development: United States, 1953 to 1971 156

173. Sources of funds used for basic research: United States, 1953 to 1971 156

174. Funds used in the performance of basic research, applied research, and development: United

States, 1971 157

Equal Educational Opportunity

175. Estimated percentages of white and Negro attendance in elementary and secondary schools,

by age of main building: United States, fall 1965 157

176. :'umber and percent of Negroes attending public elementary and secondary schools, by geo- graphic area and by level of isolation: Fall 1968 and fall 1970 ...... .... ..... 157

177. Number and percent of minority students attending public elementary and secondary schools,

by geographic area and by level of isolation: Fall 1968 and fall 1970 158

178. Estimated median achievement test scores for 1st- and 12th-grade pupils, by racial and ethnic group: United States, fall 1965 158

National Assessment of Educational Progress

179. National Assessment of Educational Progress in writing, by age and by selected cilaracteristics of participants: United States, 1969 159

180. National Assessment of Educational Progress in citizenship, by age and by selected characteristics of participants: United States, 1969 160

181. National Assessment of Educational Progress in science, by age and by selected characteristics of participants: United States, 1969 161

182. National Assessment of Educational Progress in reading, by age and selected cl-aracteristics

of participants: United States, 1970.71 162

183. National Assessment of Educational Progress in literature, by age and by selected characteristics of participants: United States, 1970-71 163

xi

)
Introduction

A Statistical Look at American Education: Fall 1972

Education is today the major occupation of 62.8

million people in the United States. That figure,

along with the fact that more than $90 billion will

be spent by educational institutions this year, lends

credence to the contention that education is now

the Nation's largest enterprise. Included in the

62.8 million total are 59.5 million students enrolled

in our schools and colleges, 3 million teachers, and

about 300,000 superintendents, principals, super

visors, and other instructional staff members. This

means that in a Nation with 209 million people

about 3 out of every 10 persons are directly in.

volved in the educational process. . Total emollment in educational institutions re

mained stable this fall after annual increases for

27 consecutive years. Specifically, the following

percentages of the schoolage population are esti.

mated to be enrolled: Of the 5yearolds (the usual

kindergarten age). 84 percent; 6. to 13yearolds

(grades one to eight), 99 percent; 14. to 17.year

olds (grades nine to 12), 94 percent; and 18. to

24yearolds (college age), 30 percent. These per

centages are derived from data obtained in the

annual fall surveys of the U.S. Department of

Commerce. Bureau of the Census. and reported in

Current Population Reports, Series P-20.

Enrollment continued to increase at the higher

education level, with approximately 8.2 million

students now enrolled in degreecredit programs

in colleges and universities. This represents an

increase of about 1.3 percent over the 8.1 million

students enrolled in the fall of 1971. The figures

for both years exclude undergraduate college and

university students in programs not creditable

toward a bachelor's degree as well as people

attending other postsecondary educational institu

tions.

Enrollment in public and nonpublic schools at

the secondary level (grades nine to 12) is esti

mated at 15.5 million students this fall. This is a

rise of 300.000, or about 2 percent, over the 15.2

million enrolled a year ago. Enrollment in nonpublic

1

schools held steady at about 1.3 million, while the

number of public school students rose from 13.9

million last fall to an estimated 14.2 million in

1972.

Enrollment at the elementary school level (kin.

dergarten through eighth grade) apparently de.

clined by more than I percent-from 36.4 million

pupils last year to a current estimated level of 35.8

million. Nonpublic school enrollment is estimated

at 3.8 million this fall compared with 3.9 million

a year ago, while public school enrollment is about

32 million compared with 32.4 million last fall.

School enrollment in future years will be sig.

nificantly influenced by emerging trends in the

birth rate. Data from the National Center for

Health Statistics, U.S. Public Health Service, show

that the number of live births in this country at

tained an alltime high of 4.3 million in 1961. They

then declined each year until they reached 3.5

million in 1968. In 1969 the number rose to nearly

3.6 million and in 1970 to 3.7 million, then fell

back in 1971 to 3.6 million. On the basis of data

for the first 9 months of this year, it appears that

about 3.3 million children will be born in the

United States in 1972. This will be the smallest

number of births in any yeir since 1946, a de

velopment with major implications for educational

planning for the late 1970's and the 1980's.

More immediately, the latest projections of OE's

National Center for Educational Statistics indicate

.that there will be small annual reductions in ele

mentary school enrollment for the next 5 yearsreflecting the decrease in the population aged 5 to

13 in the years just ahead. Starting in 1977 and

continuing for several years thereafter we can ex

pect a tapering off in enrollment at the high school

level. A detrease in the collegeage population will

become evident in the early 1980's, though whether

college enrollment will also decline will be deter

mined during the next decade by what happens to

the increased tendency of young people to continue

their education after high school.
Currently about 2,320,000 persons are em'

pioyed as classroom teachers in public and nonpublic elementary and secondary schoolsan

increase of about 1 percent over the 2.3 million

teachers employed a year ago. All of the increase

apparently occurred at the secondary school level.

In fact, preliminary data suggest that at the elementary school level there may have been a small

reduction. In any case, about 2.1 million persons

are teaching in public schools this fall, and an

estimated 220,000 are in nonpublic schools. Approximately 1,290,000 are teaching in elementary

schools and 1,030,000 in secondary schools.

Overall, the number of public school teachers

is growing at a somewhat faster rate than the

number of pupils. The result is a continuing improvement in thz pupil-teacher ratio. This fall there

are approximately 22 pupils per teacher, as compared with 25.7 pupils for each teacher 10 years

ago. _Moreover, a recent study by the National

Education Association indicates that public school

teachers today' are better prepared academically

than were their predecessors. Only 3 percent of

the teachers in 1971 did not have a bachelor's

degree, as compared with 15 percent in 1961. In

1971 more than 27 percent of the teachers held

a master's degree, compared with 23 percent 10

years earlier. . The average annual salary of instructional staff

members in public elementary and secondary

schools rose more than 5 percent last year over

the preceding year, and a similar increase is anticipated in 1972-73. Salaries averaged about

$10,100 in 1971-72 and are expected to approach

$10,650 in 1972-73. The average salary of classroom teachers is somewhat smaller: The estimates

for 1971-72 and 1972-73 are $9,615 and

$10,140, respectively.

The number of instructional staff members in

colleges and universities has risen by about 20,000

in the past year, bringing the current total to about

620,000. Faculties have expanded at a rapid rate

during the past decade in an attempt to keep pace

with the growing numbers of young people who

are seeking a college education. Even so, the trend

in recent years has been toward larger classes and

greater utilization of graduate assistants in the

classroom.

The National Education Association has reported that the typical full-time' faculty member in

degree-granting institutions earned $12,932 in

the academic year 1971-72. This may be compared with a salary of $11,745 2 years earlier.

With salaries rising at a rate of about 5 percent

a year, the average salary of instructional staff in

2

colleges and universities is expected to approach

$1.S.600 in 1972-73.

More than 3 million persons graduated from

high school in 1972. The class of 1973 is expected to exceed 3.1 million, which would make it

the largest graduating class in history. The size

of these graduating classes reflects the high birth

rate in toe 1950's and also the increasing tendency

of young Americans to remain in school at least

until high school graduation. About 76 percent of

the young people today finish high school, and

about 47 percent of them (or some 60 percent

of the high school graduates) can be expected to

enter a degree-credit program in a college or university. if present trends continue, about 24 percent of the persons in their late teens today can

be expected to earn a bachelor's degree, 8 percent

a master's degree, and 1.5 percent a doctorate.

In its most recent survey of the educational

attainment of the population, conducted in March

1972, the Bureau of the Census found that the

median number of school years completed by

young people 20 and 21 years of age was 12.8

years. Persons 45 to 54 had completed a median

of 12.3 years; persons 75 and over, 8.6 years.

During the school year 1971-72 the number of

earned degrees conferred by colleges and universities is estimated as follows: Bachelor's and firstprofessional degrees, 903,000; master's degree,

238,000; and doctorates, 35,000. In 1972-73 the

comparable figures are expected to be 958,000,

256,000, and 38,000, respectively. In each case the

estimates for 1972-73 represent ailtime highs.

In the past decade the number of bachelor's degrees conferred annually has more than doubled.

The number of master's degrees has increased.

nearly threefold, and the number of doctor's degrees awarded has tripled over the past 10 years.

Expenditures for public and private education

from kindergarten through the graduate school are

estimated at $83.8 billion for the 1971-72 school

year, and preliminary estimates place the 1972-73

figure at $90.2 billion. The breakdown for 1971-72

came to $53.9 billion for elementary and secondary

schools ($48.8 billion for public and $5.1 billion

for nonpublic) and $29.9 billion for higher education ($19.9 billion for public institutions and $10.0

billion for private institutions).

Viewed in another context, the total expenditures

for education during 1971 amounted to 8.0 percent

of the gross national product (GNP). The percentage of GNP spent for education has been in

a rising trend for more than a quarter of a century.

The low point in modern times was reached in

1943-44, in the midst of World War II, when edu-
cational expenditures dropped to 1.8 percent of

the GNP.

The current expenditure per pupil in average

daily attendance in public elementary and secondary schools has more than doubled in the past

decade, rising from $419 in 1961-62 to an estimated $934 in 1971-72. The largest item in the

school budget is teachers' salaries, and expenditure

increases in recent years reflect the efforts of local

school systems to provide more adequate compel,.

sation for their instructional staff members. The

rise in expenditures would be much smaller, of

course, if allowance were made for changes in the

purchasing power of the dollar.

The role of the Federal Government In providing

support to education at all levels continues to

grow. Whereas Federal grants amounted to $2.1

billion in 1963, in 1973 they are expected to reach

$12.8 billion. Grants to higher education have

quadrupled during the past decade, and aid to

elementary and secondary education increased

11r

3

more than sevenfold. The largest percentage increase, however, is in grants for vocationaltechnical

and continuing education, which is 21 times as

great in 1973 as in 1963. This support reflects

the widdly held view that more students I be

prepared for useful employment before : .ting

their formal education.

Summing up, a number of recent developments

in American education give rise to an optimistic

view of the future. Young people today spend more

years in school than their parents and grandparents

did. Most of them graduate from high school, and

many go on to some form of higher education.

There is an increased emphasis on education for

a cal -aer. There are fewer pupils per teacher in public schools than in earlier years, and the teachers

tend to be better paid than their predecessors.

Efforts to support education (both in terms of actual el:tilers and as a percentage of the gross

national product) are greater than ever before. All

in all, we are clearly making progress.
Figure 1.The structure of education in the United States

Ph. D. or

Advanced

Professional

Degree

Master's

Degree

Bachelor's

Degree

Associate

Degree or

Certificate

High School

Diploma

Postdoctoral Study and Research

24

Doctor's Degree Study

23 4 Professional

22 Master's Degree

21 Undergraduate:

Liberal Arts or General

20

19 Junior or Technical

Community Institutes

18 Colleges

17

16

15

14

13

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

Age

Schools

Study (Teaching,

411,1i, Medicine,

Theology,

Law. Etc.)

Undergraduate:

Liberal Arts or General t

4Year

High Schools

(8-4)

Senior

High Schools

Junior

High Schools ***

(6-3-3)

Elementary (or Primary) Schools

Kindergartens

Combined

Junior-Senior

High Schools

(6-6)

Nursery Schools

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

K

NS

Grade
Chapter 1

All Levels of Education

The purpose of this chapter is to provide a broad

overview of education in the United States from

kindergarten through the graduate school. It brings

together materials from elementary, secondary, and

higher education to present a composite picture

of the American educational system. It contains

tables which show the total number of persons

enrolled in school, the number of teachers, the

number of schools, and total receipts and expenditures for education at all levels. Statistics on

educational attainment, on illiteracy and school

retention rates, and on annual and lifetime income

by years of school completed are also included.

Figure 1 provides a graphic presentation of the

structure of education in the United States. At the

right side of the chart, the three levels of education

(elementary, secondary, and higher) are indicated,

and the approximate age of persons at each level is

given on the left. As the chart indicates, pupils

ordinarily spend from 6 to 8 years in the elementary grades, and this is followed by 4 to 6 years

of high school. The entire 12year program is

normally completed at the age of 17 or 18 years.

High school graduates may enter a junior college, a technical institution, a 4year college or

university, or a professional school. A junior college normally offers the first 2 years of a standard

4year college program and a broad selection of

terminalvocational courses. Academic courses completed at a junior college are transferable for

credit to 4year colleges and universities. A tech5

nical institute offers postsecondary technical training not leading to bachelor's or higher degrees.

An associate degree requires at least 2 years of

collegelevel work, and a bachelor's degree normally

can be earned in 4 years. At least 1 year beyond

the bachelor's is necessary for a master's degree,

while a doctor's degree usually requires 3 or 4

years beyond the baccalaureate.

Professional schools differ widely in their requirements for admission and the length of their

programs. 'dicel students, for example, must

complete at least 3 years of premedical studies at

a college or university before they can enter the

4year program at a medical school. Engineering

students, on the other hand, can enter an engineering school immediately upon completion of a secondary school program.

Many of the statistics in this chapter are derived

from the annual and biennial surveys of the Office

of Education. When necessary, these survey data

have been supplemented by estimates prepared

especially for this volume in order to make the

tables as useful as possible. In addition, substantial contributions have been made by statistics

received from other agencies, both governmental

and nongovernmental, as indicated in the source

note at the end of the appropriate tables, The data

obtained from the Bureau of the Census surveys

of educational attainment, governmental finances,

and school enrollment by age. race, and sex are

worthy of special mention for the valuable information they provide.
Table 1.-Estimated enrollment in educational institutions,

by level of instruction and by type of control: United

States, tall 1971 and fall 1972'

jtn Thousands)

Level of instruction and type of control Fall 1971 fall 1972

1 2 3 Total elementary, secondary, and higher

education 59,707 59,530 Public 52,335 52,260

Nonpublic 7,372 7,270

Kindergarten-grade 12 (regular and other schools)' 51,591 51,310

Regular public schools 46.081 45,900

Regular nonpublic schools 5,200 5,100

Olher public schools 240 240 Other nonpublic schools 70 70 Kindergarten -grade 8 (regular and other schools)' 36.365 35,800

Regular public schools 32,165 31.600 Regular nonpublic schools 3.900 3,000

Other public schools 170 170 Other nonpublic schools 30 30 Grades 9-12 (regular and other schools)' 15226 15,510

Regular public schools , 13,8)5 14,100

Regular nonpublic schools 1,300 1,300

Other public schools 70 70 Other nonpublic schools 40

- ..... - . 40, ..-. Nigher education (tolal degree-credit enrollment in universities, colleges. professional schools, leachers

colleges, and junior colleges?' 8,116 8,220 Public 6.014 6.120 Nonpublic 2.102 2,100

Undergraduate' 7.208 7,290 Graduate 908 930

' The 1971 figures for regular nonpublic and other elementary and secondary

schools, and all 1972 figures, are preliminary. Surveys of nonpublic elementary

and secondary schools have been umducted at less freousnl intervals than those

of public schools and of inslitutions of higher education. Consequently. the estimales for nonpublic schools are less reliable than those for other types of institutions. The estimates 101 1932 are derived from changes in the schoolage

population combined with the longrange trend in school enrollment rates of

the imputation.

' "Regular" schools include schools which are e part of Stale and local school

systems and also most eon-prolil-making nonpublic elementary and secondary

schools, both church affiliated and nonsectarian. "other schools include subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education, residential schools

for exceptional children, Federal schools for Indians. and Federal schools on

military posts and other Federal installations.

'Excludes undergraduate students in occupational programs which are not ordinarily creditable toward a bachelor's degree. There were approximately 833,000

of these non-degree-credit students in fall 1971.

4 Includes students working toward firstprofessional degrees, such u 14.D.. D.D.S.,

LL.B., and B.0. Approximately 193.000 students were in this calegory in /all1971.

NOTE.-Fall enrollment is usually smaller Than school-year enrollment, since the

latter is a cumulative figure which includes students who enroll at any time during

the year.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"fell 1971 Statistics of Public Schools"; "Fall Enrollment in Higher Education,

1971 " ; and estimates of the National Center for Educational Statistics, ORica al Education.

6

Table 2.-Enrollment in educational institutions,

by level of instruction and by type of control:

United States, fall 1969

Level of instruction,

by type of school All schools Publicly

controlled

schools Privately controlled

schools

i 2 3 4 All levels (elementary,

secondary, hillier) 58,765,766 001.900.528 .7.3$5,2311

Elementary and secondary 51,62001 45.066,691 5,761.000 Kindergarten-grade 8 37,111,390 32,784,390 4.327,000

Grades 9-12 and postgraduate 14,518.3W 13,084.301

,-. 1,434,000 Higher education 7.136,075 5.111.837 7,024.238

Kindergarten 2.821,213 2,619,213, 202,000 Regular' 2,801,212 2,301,242 2 200,000

Subcoliegiate departments of institutions of higher education 2 6,000 5J000 1.000 Residential schools for exceptional children 2 7,000 6.000 1.000

federal schools for Indians'

federal schools on Federal installations I. . . , 4,871 2,100

4,871 2,100

0

0

Trades 1.6, inclusive - 34.290,177 30,165.177 4,125,000

Regular' 34,095.626 29,995,626 24,100,000

Subcoltegiate departments of inslitulions of higher education 2 41,000 33.000 8,000

Residential schools for exceptional children 2 87,000 70,000 17.000 Federal schools for Indians' 33.851 33,851 0 Federal schools on Federal installs- Hoes' 32,700 32,700 0

Trades 9.12 and postgraduate 14,510,301 13.084,301 1.434,000 Regular* 14,421,710 13,021,710 01,400.000

Subcollegiate departments of in stilt'

lions of higher education' 44.000 19,000 25,000

Residential schools for exceptional

children' 37,000 28,000 5.000

federal schools for Indians'. 12,191 12,191 0 Federal schools on federal Installations=

ligher education :

3,400. 3.400 Resident degreocre .11 enrollment 7,136.075 ,t I1,837 2,024230

Undergraduate and lirst-profes- sional 5991,152 4,357,531 1,633,621 Graduate 828,046 548 .025 260.021 Unclassified 316,877 206,2111 110,596

a Includes ertrottmeats in local public school systems and in nonpublic schools

(churchaffiliated and nonsectarian), Excludes subcollegiste departments of in.

;Mations of higher education, residential schools for exceptional children, and Federal schools.

'Estimated.

1 Includes pupils enrolled at any time during*. school year 1969-70.

SOURCES: U.S. Department al Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educebon. "Fall 1969 Statistics of Public schools"; "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher

Education, 1960"; and unpublished data. U.S. Department of the Interior. Bureau

of Indian Affairs, "Statistics Concerning Indian Education," fiscal year 1970.
Table 3r- Enrollment In educational institutions, by level of instruction and

by type of school: United States, 1899.19410 to fall 1969

Level of instruction, by type of school 1899-1900 1909 -10 1919-20 1929 -30 1939-40 1949-50 1959 -60 Fall 1965 Fall 1969

1 . 2 3 . 4 5 6 7 , 8 9 t0,

All levels (elementary, secondary; higher) 17,198 841 19,199,1411 24 061,779 29,652.377 29,751,203 31.319,271 45,227'620 54,306.301 58,765,766

Elementary and secoodary 16,961,249 19,643,933 23,463.898 28.551,640 23.257,000 20,660250 42,012,076 48,779,976 51,629.691

l Kindergarten-grade 8 16,261.846 18,528,535 20,963,722 23,739.840 21.127,021 21,107,241 32.412,266 35,759.153 37.111,390

Grades 9-12 and postgraduate 699,403 1,115,398 2.500,176 4,811,800 7,129,979 6,453.009 9.599,810 13,020,823 14,518,301 Higher education 237,592 355,215 597,880 1,100.731 2,689,021 1 3,215,544 7,136,075

Kindergarten 225,394 346,189 510.949 786,463

.1494,203

660,909 1.175,312

...5,526,325

2,293.492 2493,296 2.821,213 Public=_ 131.657 3293,970 481.266 723,443 594,647 1,034,203' 1,922,712 2,261,592 2,601242

Nonpublic: 93,737 3 52,219 29.683 54.456 57.341 4 133.000 ' 354,000 212,340 P 200.000 Slibc011egiate departments of institutions of higher education et (I) (I) (*) ( *) e) , 5,851 3 5,524 9 6,000

Residential schools foe ezeoptionat children (3) (') (6) 9 5,164 5.777 30 4,459 34.800 9 7,000 5 7,000 Fedeeal schcals for Indians (4) (9 ('0 3400 3,144 3,650 3,987 4,440 4,871 Federal schools on Federal installations (0) (*) ei (9) -s) e) 2.142 9 2.400 92,100

Grades 1-8, inclusive 16,036,452 18,182,346 20,452.773 22.953,377 20,466,112 21,031.929 30,118.774 33,265,857 34,290,177 Public' 14.852,202 16,604;121 18,897,661 20.555.150 18,237.451 18,352,603 25.679.190 20,315.427 29,995,626

Nonpublic I 1,147,188 1,506,218 1,455,878 2,255,430 2,095.938 *2.574,777 *4,285,696 4,163,417 *4,100,000

Subcollegiate departments of institutions of higher education (3) (3) (41 (3) 59,547 35,982 150,903 3 41,247 *41,000

Residential schools lot exceptional children 37,062 71,307 a 99,234 * 124,153 55,954 3* 48,694 659,400 1115P00 9 87,000 Federal schools for Indians (3) (") 441 18,644 17,222 19,973 24,522 31,766 33,851 Federal schools on Federal installations, (111 (3) 11) (1)4 (4) (0) 19,463 0 29,000 6 32,700

Grades 9.12 and postgraduate 699,403 1,115,398 2,500,175 4,811,800 7,129,979 6,453,009 9,599,810 13,020,823 14,518,301

Public' 519,251 915,061 2,200,339 4,399.422 6,601,444 5.724.621 8,484,869 11,596,745 13,021,710 Nonpublic' 110,797 117.4001 213 ,920 341,158 457,768 9672,362 51.035,247 1,329,015 91,400.000

Subcbllegiate departments of institutions of higher education 65,855 78932 81,367 59,287 54,070 38,162 / 43.209 9 43,875 6 44,000

Residential schools.for exceptional children 3,500 4.005 u 4,500 *4,388 9,721 09,764 *23,800 6 350000 *37.000 Federal schools foe Indians (3) (0) I') 7,545 6,970 8,080 11,685 13,588 12,191 Federal schools on Federal insbilations (3) (") (I) (') (41 V) 1,000 3 2,600 63400

.........._. _.-...,_-_,,..... ___, -._ _ . _

Higher education 237,592 355,215 597,860 1.100,737 1,494,293 2.659,021 13,215,544 125.526,325 7.136.075 Publicly controlled 90.689 166,560 315,382 532.647 796,531 1,354,902 1 1,831,782 123.624,442 5,111,837 Privately controlled 146,903 188,655 282,498 568,090 697.672 1,304,119 11,383,762 331.901,883 2,024,238

1 Data for first teem of the academic year.

I Excludes sUlcollegiate departments 01 institutions of higher education, residential sehlois for exceptional children, and Federal schools. 3 Bala for 191142. 4 Data from Bureau of the Census. 1 Estimated. 4 Data not available. / Data for 1957.58. 1 includes estimate for nonpublic institutions. 9 Data for 1926-27. 13 Data for 194546.

13 Data for 1917.18.

le includes resident and extension degreecredit students. Data for °liter years ex. dude extension students. SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education. "Biennial Survey of Education in the United States"; "Statistics of Stale

School Systems"; "Fall Statistics of Public Schools"; "Statistics of Nonpublic

Elementary and Secondary Schools, 1965.66"; comprehensive and !all reports On

enrollment in institutions of higher education; and unpublished data. U.S. Depart.

ment of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Current Population Reports," Series

P-20. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Indian Affairs, "Statistics Garment.

fog Indian Education."

7
Table 4.-Percent of the population 3 to 34 years ea enrolled in school.' by race, sex, and age: tinned States, October 1971

. Sex and age Iola' White Negro and Other races Sei and age Total White Negro and

- other races Total Nero Total hem

1 2 3 4- 5 I 2 3 4 5 BOTH SEXES - 11 and 15 years 98.7 919 98.5 97.7 16 and 17 years 91.7 92.0 90.0 90.0 Total. 3 to 34 years 56.2 551 58.8 _58.6 . 18 and 19 years 55.4 55.9 52.2 50.7 20 and 21 years 38.9 39.7 33.8 31.3 3 and 4 years 21.2 20.9 22.5 21.5 22 to 24 years 213 24.6 13.7 12.9 5 and 6 years 91.6 91.9 90.2 89.8 25 to 29 years d 11.9 12.1 9.9 8.5

/ to 9 years 99.1 99.1 ' 99.0 99.0 30 to 34 years 6.3 6.2 7.4 6.4 10 to 13 years 99.2 99,2 96.9 98.8 14 and 15 years 98.6 98.2 982 98.4 FEMALE

16 and 17 years 902 915 88.8 89.2 18 and 19 years,

20 and 21 years 49.2 322

49.4

32.2

48.1

29.3 46.6 273

Total, 3 to 34 years 53.2

-... 52.6 562 519

- 22 to 24 years 15A 15.9 11.9 11.4 3 and 4 years 22.4 21.7 25.5 24.1 ZS to 29 years 8.0 8.1 6.9 6.2 S and 6 years 92.3 92.6 91.1 101

id to 34 years 4.9 4_11 546 5.2 710 9 years 99.2 99.3 98.8 983

. 10 lo 13 years '99.5 99.5 99.5 99A MALE 14 and 15 years

- 98.5 NA 98.8 910 Total, 3 to 34 ears y 59.3 ----

59.0 _

81.0 ,-= 60.4 4., :.=

16 and 17 years

18 and 19 years. 88.7 43.4

88.9

43.2

87.5 44.5 88/ 43,1 20 and 21 years 26.8 27.0 25.7 24.1 1 and 4 years 20.0 20.1 19.6 19.0 22 to 24 years 81 8.1 10.4 10.1

i and 6 years 90.9 912 892 SU 25 lo 29 years 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.2 - P so 9 years 99.0 99.0 99.1 99.1 -30 to 34 years 3.6 3.5 4.2 42

IOU 13 years 98.0 98.9 98.3 911

Includes engollmentin any type.' graded public, puocbtat, or other private school

in the regular school system. Includes nursery schools, kindergartens, elementary

schools, high schools. colleges. universities, and professional schooh. Allendance

may be on either a lull-time or part-time basis and during the day or night. Enrollments In "special" schools. such as trade schools or business colleges, are not

included.

NOTE.-Data are based upon a sample survey of the civilian noninstitotional

population.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Curren' Population Reports," Series P-20, No. 241.

Table 5.-.Percent of the population 5 to 34 years old enrolled in school.

by eget United Stoles. October 1947 to OCtober 1971

Year

lintel, 5 to 34

years 5 years' 6 years' 7 WS

years 10 to 13years 14 sad 15years 36 and 17years 18 and 19years 29 to 24years 25 to 29years 3010 34years

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 10 11 12

1947 42.3 53.4 96.2 98,4 98,6 91.6 61.6 24.3 10.2 3.0 1.0

1948 43.1 55.0 96,2 98.3 98.0 92.7 71.2 26.9 9.7 2.6 .9

1949 43,9 55.1 96.2 98.5 98.7 93.5 69.5 25.3 9,2 33 ' 1.1 1950 . 442 61,8 97.0 9B,9 98,6 94.7 71.3 29.4 6.0 3.0 A

1951 45/ 53.8 96.0 99.0 99.2 94.8 75.1 26.3 8.3 2.5 .7

1952 48,8 57.8 96.8 917 919 96.2 73.4 28.7 15 2.6 1.2

1953 48.8 58-4 . 97.7 99A 99.4 96.5 74.7 332 13.1 2.9 17

1954 50.0 57.7 -918 99.2 99.5 95.8 78.0 32A 112 4.1 1.5

3955 50.8 58.1 982 99.2 992 95.9 771 35.5 31.1 42 1.6

1956 52.3 583 97.0 99A 992 96.9 78A 35A 12,8 5.3 1.9 1957 53.6 60.2 87.4 99.5 99.5 97.1 80.5 34.9 141 5.5 1.8

1958 54.8 63.8 97.3 99.5 69.5 96.9 80.6 37.6 13.4 5.7 2.2

1959 55.5 62.9 97,5 99.4 99.4 973 82.9 36.8 12.7 5.1 2.2

1960 56.4. 63.7 98.0 99.6 99.5 973 82.6 39,1 13.1 4.9 2.4 1961 56.8 66.3 - 97.4 99.4 99.3 97.6 63.6: 38.0 13.7 4.4 20

1962 57.8 66.8 97.9 99.2 913 98.0 84.3 41.8 15.6 5.0 2.6

1993 515 673 97.4 99.4 99.3 98,4 87.1 40.9 17.3 4.9 2.5

1964 58.7 68.5 982 99.0 49.0 916 87.7 41.6 16.8 5.2 2.6

1965 59.7 703 98.7 99.3 99,4 98.9 871 46.3 19.0 6.3 3.2

1966 60.0 72.8 97.6 99.3 99,3 98.6 88.5 47,2 19.9 6.5 23

1167 60.2 75.0 98.4 99.4 99.1 98.2 88.8 47.6 22.0 6.6 4.0

1968 60.0 74.9 98.3 99.1 99.1 58.0 90.2 50.4 23.4 7.0 . 33

3969 II, 60.0 76.2 98.2 99.3 99.1 98.1 89.7 502 23.0 7.9 4.8

1970 58.9 77.7 98.4 99.3 99.2 98.3 90.0 47.7 21.5 7.5 42

1973 58.5 825 98.4 69.1 "99.2 98.6 . 90.2 . 49.2 21.9 *- 10-.. 19

Includes children enrolled in kindergarten, but excludes those enrolled in nursery

schools. NOTE.-Dab are based upon sample surveys of the civilian noninstitutional

population.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce. Bureau of the teasus, "Cu rent Papule.

lion Reports." Series P20: and U.S, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

°Moe 44 Education, circulars on "Preprimary Enrollment."
Table G.-Percent of the population 3 to 34 years old enrolled in school,

by age and by State: Spring 2970

Stale

Percent enrolled, by age

Total, 3

to 34 years

3 and

4 years

5 and

6 years 7 to

13 years 14 and 15 years 16 and 17 years

.1 18 and

19 years

20 and

21 yearn

22 to 24 years 25 to 34 years

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Unite States 54.3 1.2.5 72.4 97,3 95.9 89.3 56.6. 30.7 14.6 6.1

..--... __., Alabama 517 9.6 51.0 95.8 93.7 84.7 54.6 25.9 11.3 42 Alaska 46,9 13.9 772 96.9 95.3 861 39.0 9.7 6.8 5.2 Arizona 55.7 13.7 70.5 96,7 941 86.5 56.7 32.0 17.8 9.1

Arkansas. 51.0 6.2 44.4 95,5 94.1 84.7 51.9 27.3 10.3 3.5 California, 5E4 20.3 83.6 97.9 96.9 91.9 55.9 30.9 191 10.0 Colorado 55.6 16.1 78.0 97.9 97.3 91.2 60,3 33.5 16.8 7.6 Connecticut 57.3 19.0 87.3 98,4 9E0 92.7 65.0 37.3 15.5 6.5 Delaware 54.4 15.9 78.5 9E6 98.7 90.7 55.8 25.6 10.5 5.7 District of Columbia .......... ............. 50.8 25.7 81.5 96.9 9E4 87.3 59.9 34,6 18.7 9.3 Florida 54.1 19.1 73.3 97.0 94.4 86.4 54.0 27.0 13.3 6.0 Georgia 48.9 11.2 59.9 96,0 93.6 61.7 472 21.6 9.9 31 Hawaii 52.4 24.5 87.4 96.7 95.8 9u.:. 5E1 22,4 13.6 6.5

Idaho 55.6 5.3 56.7 96.7 95.3 91.6 63.5 32.0 16.1 5.7

Illinois 55.2 124 80.5 97.7 96.9 90.3 566 32.2 15.0 6.0

Indiana 54.0 8/ 70.5 97.6 96.8 88.2 55.3 30.9 13.4 5.2

lows 56.4 7.4 73.7 97.1 95.3 91.3 622 37.1 14.3 4.9 Kansas 55.7 11.3 74.1 97.5 96.3 90.7 60.8 34.2 16.3 6.3 Kentucky 491 5.9 52.3 95.6 932 79.7 44 9 23.5 11.3 4.2 Louisiana 53.3 11.0 65.7 96.1 93.3 85.3 501 25.8 11.4 4.3 Maine 54.8 8.0 74,1 96.5 94.4 90.6 60.5 31.1 10.5 3.5 Maryland 54.0 15.8 79.9 97.8 96,8 89.3 53.4 282 13.5 6.8 Massachusetts 56.7 14.0 77.5 111.3 97.5 91.7 63.9 39.9 17,9 7.5 Mithigaa 56.7 10.2 81.6 98.0 97,4 90.9 56.9 32.2 15.7 6.7 Minnesota 57.2 8.5 73.2 98.2 97.5 953 62.6 36.9 15.5 5.5 Mississippi 53,8 13.2 41, t 94.7 92.3 8E3 54.6 27.4 10.6 3.6 Msasetiri 54.3 10.1 74.1 97.1 95.6 87.6 54,2 3E0 14.1 5.8 Montana 57.1 51 59.4 97.5 96.8 92.4 63.7 36.7 17.9 5.8 Nebraska 57.3 10.1 77.4 97.4 95.8 92.5 64.0 38.8 17.2 5.8 Nevada 50.0 10.7 79.4 96.7 97.4 89.2 45.7 17.6 9.5 4.6 New Hampshire 52.8 8.0 68.1 96.5 95.3 87.2 60.3 341 12.2 4.4 New Jersey 55.5 14.2 81.1 98.1 97.1 921 58.0 301 132 5.8 New Mexico 56.0 10.2 63.1 96.6 94.9 88.11 569 27.5 5.8 7.5 New York 74.6 15.0 81.9 97,4 96.6 9/.1 61,4 3E5 15.6 6.3 North Viol laa 49.0 9.8 52.0 95.8 942 83.5 491 23.9 9.6 3.4 North Dakota 57.7 Es 58.0 97.0 95.9 92.9 68.3 MA 15.4 5.4 Ohio. 54.8 9.5 73.4 97.8 97.0 914 57.0 31.1 13.6 41 Oklahoma 54,1 11.0 70,6 96.9 95.2 89.6 57.1 31.1 14.11 6.0

Oregon. 5E2 11.3 66.5 97.7 972 921 617 37.0 19.3 7.9 Poway irania 5E4 10.7 7E7 97.6 96.7 91.4 55.3 31.7 12.1 5.1 Rhode Island 53.5 143 82.3 97.9 96.4 87.7 57.9 27.8 122 63

South candela 49.5 8.7 53.3 95.7 93.3 82.7 48.4 20.6 7.5 3.1 South Dakota 60.0 7,1 72.6 97.5 95.4 92.6 66.6 40.2 16,7 4.7 Tennessee 49.9 81 54.7 95.5 92.4 83.0 481 27.6 12.9 4.3 Texas 52.1 11.6 54.9 96.5 94.6 86.7 5E1 28.7 131 5.5 Utah 61.0 10,2 77.6 971 97.3 94.3 67.7 43.3 32.9 12.6 Vermont 54.6 8.9 69.0 96.7 94.9 9E1 64.4 40.9 12.8 3.9 Virginia 49.11 114 57.5 96.9 95.2 86.9 53.5 23.1 10.6 41

Washington 55.3 13.6 76.4 98.0 96.7 9E1 60.1 31.1 16.4 7.2 West Virginia 51.4 3,9 45.0 952 92.7 83.8 53.7 30.2 11.5 4.0 Wisconsin 57.5 9.1 76.8 98.3 973 94.0 61.6 36.3 151 5.5 Wyoming 55.6 5.9 67.1 97.2 95.7 914

___r MI 33.4 15.8 6.3 SOURCE: U.S. Deparlateet 01 Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Ceases al Population; 1970, Gement Soria and Economic Charade istics," Series PC(1)-C1.

9
Table 1.- Participants in adult education, by sex, race, age, and source of

instruction: United States, May 1969

Source of instruction Total Sex Race Age Men Women While Negro Other Under 35 I 35 and over

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -- ---

I 9

Total (In thousands) / 13.150 6,898 6.251 12,036 981 133 6,352 I 6,298

Percent/ of column totals Public or private school... ....... ... 271 22.6 33.3 27.1 33.8 36.3 27.2 28.2 College or university, rart-lime 25.2 26.9 23.3 25.5 21.9 / 214 30.4 19.5

fob training 27.5 37.1 16.9 27.4 28.7 / 21.8 28.3 26.6 Correspondence courses 8.0 10.7 5.0 8.3 14.6 14.5 9.3 6.6 Community OtileindiOne 13.4 3.3 19.1 13.6 11.4 / 156 9.4 17.8 Tutor or private instructor 5.8 19 7.9 5.9 / 3.3 / 10.5 4.4 7.1 Other 10.3 10.2 10.4 10.3 9.4 / 12.8 9.5 11.1

/ Because of rounding, delail may not add lo Iola

1Siace some adults received instruction from more Mao one source, percentages

total more than 100. 3 Requires caution n interpretation because of the limited sample.

SOURCE: U.S. Oepartmer! of Health. Education, and Welfare. Office of Education.

"Participation in Adult Education, initial Report, May 1969."

Table Or...Number of teachers' in elementary and secondary schools, and instructional

staff members' in institutions of higher education: United States, 1929-30 to 1965.66

Level of inslitulion, by lype of school 1929-30 191940 1949-50 1959-60 t965.66 Men Women Min Women ---. Men Women Men TWomen Men Women

1 ___2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 MI levels.. 216,275 818,158 298,331 149,152 367,496

._.- 868,082 657.106 1.113,550 958.906 1.449,569

_ - Elementary end secondary schools 154,983 795,118 212.084 769,182 221.635 823,590 430,436 1,119,314 608,906 1,364,569

Elernenlaiy schools (including kindergarteas13 69.109 633,919 10,187 969.360 69.407 607253 124,566 828.365 164,776 961p35

Public.. 67,239 513,718 67,140 538.060 52,925 536,653 117,616 716,156 148.413 325.525 Noapublic 1,466 660,101 3.047 61,800 5,482 170.605 $6,950 112,109 16.303 141,410

Secondary schools (including junior. senior, juniorsenior. aad regular high u11001510 82,699 152,405 138.384 192,023 158.536 207.741 299239 277,921 436,231 383.034 Public 74,532 138,774 126,837 173,440 142.043 182,050 275,054 246,132 395,295 341.495 Nonpublic 6 8,151 6 13,631 11,547 18.5113 16493 $25,691 24,1M 5 31.180 40,936 41.539 Miscellaneous elementary and secondary schools:

Subcolleglate deparlmeals of colleges 1,564 1,251 1,968 1.153 3.031 2.185 3,913 5.739 3200 54.100 Publicly controlled 339 246 524 369 1.447 1.661 2,222 3,935 1,800 2,800

Privately conbolled 1,225 1,005 1,444 1.384 1.584 1,134 1,251 1,804 $1,400 1,300 Residential schools for exceptional childiers 1.578 6671 11.107 3 4,599 1.148 '4,171 $ 1.900 $5,600 $4,000 $8,900 Federal schools Mr Ionians 447 1,132 438 947 / 513 11.035

. -_, 1153

... / 1,184

__, ._

/ 699 / 1,M0

- -_ .____., Nigher education. 61,292 23,580 86241 30,570 145,861 44.492 227270 58,238 I 350,000 585,000

Publicly cannoned 25,401 12,904 35,102 14,311 66,462 21.245 116.836 27,705 204.00) 50600 Privately controlled 35.891 10,676 50.545 16259 79,399 23247 110.434 26,531 $146.030 35.000

/ Number of teaching positions: includes librarians and guidance and psychological

Personnel when nal separately reported : excludes supervisors and principals.

/ Includes bully for resident instruction 0 degree-credil courses: excludes faculty

engaged in administratioa. research. 'Romano work, etc.

3 Excludes subcollegiate departments of institutions 01 higher education, residential schools for exceptional children. and Federal schools,

' Oda for 1922 -28. /Estimated. Oat* for 1926-27.

10

3 Distribution by sex estimated. Date ler 1945-46. 6 Beginning is 1959-60, data are for the first lerm of Me academic year.

NOTE,--Beginning M 1959-60, Includes Alaska and Hawaii.

SOURCES: U.S. Depadmenl 01 Health, Education. and Welfare. Office of Educebon, "Biennial Survey of Education in the United Slates"; "Slatistics of Stale

School Systems"; "Faculty and Other Professional gal is lastilulions of Nigher

Educatioa"; and unpublished data.
Table C.alienated number of classroom teachers in elementary and secondary schools, and total instructional staff for

resident courses in institutions of higher education: United States, fall 1971 and fall 19721

iFuil-timo and part-time teachers and stall

Level of instruction and type ol control Fall 1911 Fall 1972 Linn' of instruction and type of control Fall 1971 Fall 1972

1 2 3 1 2 3 Total elementarykse cautery, and higher Public 1.151.000 1.146,000

, education 2,899,000 2,938,000 Nonpu lic 143.000 142.000 POP^ 2,478,000 2,517,000 Secondary classroom tea:hers in regular and

Nonpublic 421.000 421,000 other schools 3. 1,003.000 1,030,000 Elementary and secondary classroom teachers in Public.. 929,000 950,000

regutor and other schools 2 2.296,000 2,318,000 Nonpublic 74,000 74,000 Public 2,079,000 2,102.000 Higher education instructional staff for resident

Nonpublic 217,000 216,000 courses thrst term)1 603.013 620,000

Elementary classroom teachers in regular and

other schools 1, .. '. 1,293,003 1.288.000

'ethic -..,

Nonpublic. 399003

204,030

415,000

205,000

' The 1971 figures for nonpublic and other elementary and secondary schools and

for institutions of higher education, and all 1972 figures, are estimates, Data for

nonpublic elementary and secondary schools are not as complete as those for

public schools; consequently. the estimates los nonpublic schools are not as

reliable as those for public schee's or for higher education. The estimates for

1972 are d Rived from erpected enrollment changes combined with the long-term

trend in pupilteacher ratios.

2 The figures include elementary and secondary classroom leachers in regular public

and nonpublic schools and other schools, such as Federal schools for Indians,

11

federally operated schools on posts, Subcollegia a departments 01 colleges, and

residential s:hools for exceptional children. for 1971. the numbers of such teachers are estimated as 12,000 in public and 2,000 in nonpublic elementary schools,

4,000 in public and 3,000 is nonpublic secondary schools.

'Includes tulllime and part-time staff with rank of insiturear or above, and Junior

stall. such as graduate assistants, ter instruction in resident courses.

SOURCE: Surveys and estimates of the National Center for Educational Statistics,

Office of Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Weller*.
Table 10, Number of local basic administrative units (school districts), and number of schools by level

and control, by States 197041

Stale

Public school systems Nonpublic schools Institull ns of

higher education s School districts Schools with

elementary

grades only

Schools with

secondary

grades only'

Combined

elsisfloOlsY" secondary

schools Elementary Secondary' Public Private

1 2 3 4 5 6 ? 4 9 United States 17,995 164.020 s 23.572 1.730 14.372 3.770 1.089 1,467 Alobama 124 546 257 581 197 76 29 20 Alaska 29 265 60 2 13 ft 1 2 Arizona 295 535 164 8 100 28 14 4 Wefts& 389 806 445 53 14 10 11 Caltornia 1,070 5,543 1,425 1.234 333 112 87 Colorado 181 769 408 4 151 38 20 8 Connecticut i9 902 215 ...... 259 95 18 28 Delaware 26 143 r 52 - 43 15 3 4 Diskitt of Columbia 1 135 I 50 1 49 33 3 17 Florida 67 1,337 563 50 354 1".. 34 29 Staid* 190 1,287 414 114 94 49 23 34

livoriii 1 152 47 $ 60 14 1 6

Idaho 115 365 189 7 38 8 6 4

Illinois 1.175 3.406 1,111 82 1,053 172 44 88

Indiana 319 1,601 . 541 56 373 51 5 39

Iowa 457 1.362 704 ...... 254 46 15 35 Houses 311 1,251 524 .... -. 144 32 27 26 Kentucky 192 1.118 356 ....-.. 217 48 7 28 Loolsiana 66 890 320 200 322 105 12 11 Maine 290 748 146 2 71 36 2 14 Maryland 24 981 291 34 266 95 23 24 Massachusetts 431 1.915 518 57 477 193 a 89 Michigan 628 2.503 1,359 43 700 170 42 43 Minnesota 617 1,223 644 6 401 61 25 32 Mississippi 150 640 402 17 166 123 24 18 Missouri 668 1.625 702 432 89 22 47 Montana 741 ('1 ('1 49 14 9 3 Nebraska 1,665 1,619 396 181 45 11 ,16

Nevada 17 I71 74 .... 16 3 3 1 New Hampshire 168 364 104 ..... 81 32 4 15 New Jersey 599 2,025 429 604 163 22 34 New Mexico as 436 119 ---- 64 14 8 3 New York 760 3,147 1,081 183 1.476 420 74 145 Nor* Carolina 152 1.459 431 115 142 53 32 45 North Ooketa 411 549 276 46 12 9 3 Ohio. 631 3,211 1,012 2 703 149 22 61 Oklahoma 665 1,204 733 45 12 24 12 Oregon 350 960 332 3 120 33 20 19 Pennsylvania 597 3,232 1,147 ts1 1,217 267 29 111 Rhode Island 40 313 69 1 108 30 3 10 South Carolina 93 831 345 128 30 20 24 , Sarah Dakota 286 797 224 ..... 75 18 7 10 Tennessee 147 1,323 384 90 118 38 16 40 Tinos 1,187 3.257 1,983 475 126 71 52 Utah 40 383 168 10 23 5 9 4 Vermont 277 357 60 9 38 19 5 12 Virginia 134 1,289 442 57 206 30 28 33 Washington 321 1,156 498 39 191 53 27 12 West Virginia 55 1,035 340 43 15 11 11 Wisconsin 454 1.739 621 682 85 33 30 Wyoming 131 286 110 1 15 I 8

U.S. Swim Schools

Ostlyisg amiss: American Samoa 1 27 4 ....-- (9 (s) ...- Caoal Zone 1 21 5 19 (1) 1 Guam 1 25 a (0) (4) 1 ..... Pomba Rico 1 1,543 236 202 ts) (9 1 4 Virgin Woods 3 22 5 1 (9 r (9 1

Includes universities. liberal arts colleges, leaders colleges and alba independent profesSional schools, and junior colleges.

includes regular 4-year high schools, ionise high schools, senior high schools, and

juniorsenior high schools.

laclodes estimates tor UM nonreporting SUM,

Oats not mailable

12

Included in column 4. SOURCES U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Statistics of Public Schools," fall 1970 and Fall 1971; unpublished dale from the

survey of Nonpublic Eletnontary and Secondary tdocstion. 1970-71: and "Fall

Enrolment in Higher Educstion, 19707
School Retention Rates

A new computation of school retention rates by

the Office of Education shows that young people are

staying in school longer than ever before. As the

accompanying chart indicates, about 96 percent of

the fifth-graders in the fall of 1961 reached the

ninth grade, 86 percent got as far as the 11th

grade, and 76 percent received a high school

diploma in 1969. The proportion of young people

who graduate from high school has risen during

the past decade from less than two-thirds to more

than three-fourths.

The increase. in college attendance in recent

years is even more striking. In 1969 about 45

percent of our young adults (or close to 60 percent of the recent high school graduates) entered

a degreecredit program in a college or university.

A decade ago only about one-third of the appropriate age group entered college. Approximately 22

percent of the persons in their late teens in 1969

can be expected to graduate from college with a

4year degree. Ten years ago only about one young

person in six went on to earn a bachelor's degree.

The Office of Education bases its school retention rates on fifthgrade enrollment because the

high rate of retardation in the early elementary

grades tends to inflate the enrollment figures for

these grades. Fifthgrade enrollment is regarded as

a better measure of the number of persons entering the first grade for the first time 4 years earlier

than is total firstgrade enrollment for that year.

Compulsory attendance laws keep virtually all children in school at least until the fifth grade. Retention rates are based on enrollments in public elementary and secondary schools and are adjusted to

include estimates for nonpublic schools. The com

putations include all college students, full-time and

part-time, who are enrolled in degree credit programs.

For trends in school retention rates over the past

40 years, the reader may wish to consult table 11

of this report..

13

FOR EVERY 10 PUPILS IN THE 5th GRADE IN FALL 1961 ***** *****

9.6 ENTERED THE 91h GRADE IN MU. 1965

Altet Alftfl

8.6 ENTERED THE 11th GRADE IN FALL 1967

7.6 GRADUATED FROM HIGH SCHOOL IN 1969

4.5 ENTERED COLLEGE IN FALL 1969

444

2.2 ARE LIKELY TO EARN 4YEAR DEGREES IN 1973

11 1

Figure 2. Estimated retention rates, fifth grade

through college graduation: United States,

1961 to 1973
Table 11.-.Estimated retention rates.' 5th grade through college entrance,

in public and nonpublic schools: United States, 1924-32 to 1962-.70

School year pupils

entered 5th grade

Retention per 1,000 pupils who roamed 5th grade High school graduation First

time;

college

students

51h grade61h grade71h grade 8th

, grade

9Ih

grade HIMgrade

Ilth

grade

12th grade Number Year of

graduation

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

_1 10 31 12- 1924.25 1,000 911 798 741 612 470 384 344 302 1932 118 1926.27 1,006 919 824 754 677 552 453 .400 333 1934 129 1928.29 1,000 939 847 805 736 624 498 432 37g 1936 137 1930.31 1,000 943 872 824 770 652 525 463 417 1930 348 1932.33 1.009 935 889 631 786 664 570 510 455 1940 160 1934.35 1,000 953 092 842 803 711 610 512 467 1942 129 1936-37 1,000- 954 895 849 839 704 554 425 393 1944 121 1938.39 1,000 955 901 853 796 655 532 444 419 1946 e) 1940-41 1,000 968 910 836 781 697 566 507 481 1948 (/) 1942-43. 1/100 954 999 847 en 713 604 539 505 1950 205 194445 1,000 952 929 858 848 - 748 650 549 522 1952 234 194647 1,000 954 945 919 872 775 641 583 553 1954 2113 1948-49 1,000 964 956 929 863 795 706 619 581 1956 301

1158-51 1,000 981 968 921 886 809 709 632 582 1958 308 1952-53 1,000 974 965 936 '904 335 746 667 621 1960 328 1954-55... 1,000 980 979 948 915 855 759 664 642 1962 343 1956-57 1,000 986 984 940 - 930 871 790 728 676 1964 362 Fall 1958 1,000 983 979 961 946 908 842 761 732 1966 384 Fall 1960 1,000 980 973 967 952 913 858 787 749 1968 452 Fall 1962 1,000 990 983 976 963 931 663 793 1752 1970 1465

'Riles for the 5th grade through high shoo graduation a e based on enrollments

In successive grades in successive years n public elementary and secondary

schools and ate adjusted to include estimates for nonpublic schools. Bales for

fist-lime college enaoltrnent include fult.time and part-time students enrolled in

twegames creditable toward a bachelor's degree. I Data not available. Subject to revision when final data became available.

NOTE.---Beginning with the class in the 5th grade in 1958, data ace based on tall

enrollment and exclude ungraded pupils. The net effect of these changes is to

Increase high school graduations and college entrance rates slightly.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Wealth, Education, and Welfare. Office of EduceDon, "Biennial Survey of Education In the United States," chapters on "Statistical

Summary 01 Educatio: and unpublished data available In the Office of Educative.

Table 120-levet of school completed by persons 25 years old and over and 25 to 29 years old,

by color. United States, 1910 to 1972

Color, age, and date

Peasant. by level 01 1

school compleled Median

school years

tom.

pteted

[

Color, age, and date

Percent, by level of

school completed Median

school years corn. plated

Less than 5 years of

'lemonlacy school

4 years

of high

school or mare

4 or more

years of

college

Less than 5 seats of denten

toy school

4 years

of high

school of more

4 or more

years ci

college

1 2 3 4 5 I 2 3 4 5 WHITE AND NONWHITE

25 years old and aver: 25 to 29 yeas old: 1910' 23.8 13.5 2.7 8.1 .1920' 12..9 22.0 4.5 8.5

19201 22.0 16.4 3.3 8.2 April 1940.. 3.4 412 6.4 10.7 1930' 17.5 19.1 3.9 SA April1950 3.2 55.2 8.1 122 April 1940 13.5 24.1 4.6 8.6 April 1960 2.2 633 114 12.3 April1950 10.8 33.4 6.0 9.3 March 1964 '1A 72.1 13.6 12.5 April 1969 Mitch 1964

8.3

7.1 41.148.0

7.7

9.1

10.5

11.7 March 1970 Mardi 1972

.9

.8

77.8 81.517.3 19912.6

12.7 Much 1970 5.3 552 11.0 12.2 March 1972 . 4.6 - 58.2 12.0 12.2 NONWHITE

25 la 29 years old: 25 years old and over:

April 1940 5.9 37.8 5.8 10.4 April 1940 41.8 7.7 1.3 5.7 April 1950 4.6 51.7 7.7 12.1 April 1950 31.4 13.4 2.2 6.9 April 1960 22 60.7 11.I 12.3 April 1960 235 213 3.5 82 March 1964 2.1 69.2 12.8 12.4 March1964 18,6 27.5 4.7 8.9 March 1970 Match.1972

1.1

.8

75.4 70.814.4

19.0

12.6 122 March 1970 March 1972

1 14.7 12.8

36.1

39.1 6.1 6.9

10.1 10.5 WHITE 25 to 29 years old: 1920' 44.6 6:3 1.2 5.4 25 years old and ones: April 1940 26.7 12,1 14 7.1 April ow 10.9 26.1 4.9 8.7 April1950 15.4 23.4 2.8 87

Apia 1950 8.7 35.5 6.4 9,7 April 1960 72 33.6 5.4 104

April 1964 6.7 43.2 8.1 10.8 March-1964 5.3 48.0 7.0 11.8 March 1964 54 50.3 9.6 12,0 . March 1970, 2.2 58.4 10.0 -12.2 March 1970 42 57.4 11.6 12.2 %larch 1912 1.2 66.6 11.6 12.4 March 1972 3.7 60:4 12.6 - 12.3

I Estimate based in retrojection of 1940 census data on education by age.

NOTE. -Prior to 1950, data exclude Alaska and Hawaii.

- 14

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Die Census, "1960 Census 01

Population." Vol. 1, Part 1; "Current Population Reports: Series P-20. tios. 138,

158.207, and 243: Series P.O. No, 4; and 1960 Census Monograph, "Education of

the American Population." by John K. Fetzer and Charles B. Nam.
Table 13.-dedlan school years completed by persons 25 years cad and over, by sex. race, and State:1970

Slate -- Total populalion, 25 Years all and

over

Men Warner. Total

.White Negro

. Persons of Spanishherilage

Total white Negro Persons of Spanish

heritage 4

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 United States 12.1 12.1 12.1 9.4 9.9 12.1 12.1 13.0 9.4 Alabama . 10.8 10.7 11.6 7.1 12.8 10.9 11.6 8.5 12.5 Alaska 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.3 12.6 12.4 12.6 1 12.3 12.5 Arizona 12.3 12.3 . 12.3 . 9A 9,3 12.2 12.3 9.9 8.8 Arkansas 10.5 10.2 10.8 .7.1 12.2 *10.7 11.3 8.3 12.1 California. 12.4 12.4 .12.5 11.9 10.8 12.3 12.4 12.0 1 .1 Colorado 12.1 12.4 17.4 12.2 10.0 12.4 12.1 12.2 9.8 Connecticut ............... ........ 12.2 12.2 122 10,5 10.4 12.2 .' 122 11.0 La Delaware 12.1 12.1 17.3 9k 12.3 12.1 12.2 10.2 12.1 Dislrict of Columbia 12.2 12,2 15.1 11.1 13.4 12.2 12,8 11.5 12.1 Florida 12.1 12.1 12.2 8.3 11.9 12.1 12.2 9.2 10.4 Georgia 10.8 10,8 11.5 7.3 12,9 L0.8 11.5 LI 12.6 Hawaii 12.3 12.J.* 12.7 12.5 12.0 12,3 12.6 12.7 11,5

Idaho 12.3 12.2 12.2 12.1 8.8 12.3 12.3 12.0 9.0

Illinois 12.1 12,1 12.2 10.5 - . 9.4 12.1 12.1 10.8 9,0

Indiana 12.1 12.1 12.1 10.2 10.6 12,1 121 10.8 10.5

Iowa 12.2 -12.2 12.2 10.8 12.1 .12.3 12.3 11.0 12.1 Hams 12.3 12.3 12.3 10.7 119 12.3 12,3 11.0 10.7 Kentucky 9.9 i 9.5 9,6 8.9 12.7 10,3 10.3 .9.7 12.6 Louisiana 10.8 1 10.7 12.0 7.4 12.2 10,8 11,9 8.3 12.0 Maine 12.1 12.1. 12.1 12.3 12.9 12,2 12.2 12.3 12.5 Maryland 12.1 lit 12.3 9.5 13.1 12.1 12.2 . 10.3 12.5 Massachusetts 12.2 12.2 122 11.6 12.1 12.2 12.3 . 11.1 11,4 Michigan 12.1 12.0 12.1 10,2 10.4 12.1 129 10.9 10.7 . Minnesota 12.2 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.3 12.3 12.3 - 12.0 12.2 Mississippi 10.7 10.4 12,1 ,- 6.5 12.7 10.9 12.1 8.1 12.4 Missouri 11.8 11.7 12.0 9,7 12.3 118 12.0 10.3 12.1 Montana 12.3 12.2 12.2 12,3 11.4 12.3 12.1 12.2 12.0 Nebraska 12.2 12.2 ' 12.2 10.8 10.8 52.3 12.3 11.4 11.3 Nevada 12.4 12.4 12.4 10.7 12.1 12.4 12.4 10.7, 12,0 New Hampshire 12.2 12. 12.2 12.5 12.7 12.2 12.2 12.5 *12.4 New Jersey 12.1 12.1 12.2 10.2 8.4 12.1 12.1 10.7, 8,0 New Maxim 12.2 122 12.3 11.2 9.8 12,1 122 10A 9k New York 12.1 12.1. 12.2 10.8 8.8 12.1 12.1 10.9 8.3 NorthCarolina 10.6 11.3 10,8 7.9 12.8 10.8 11.2 9.0 12,5 North Dakota 12.0 10.8 10.9 12.6 . 12,6 12,2 12.2 12.3 12.3 Ohio Oklahoma

. 123

12.1

12.1

12.1

12.1 12.1., ...i 10.3 10.0

11.3

12.1 12.1

12.1

12.1 12110.8

10-1 11.2

11.7 Oregon 12.3 12.3 12.3 10,8 12.1 12.3 12.3 11.4 12.0 Pennsylvania 12.0 11.9 12.0 10.1 8.2 12.0 123 10.6 7.6 Rhode Island 11.5 11.5 11.r 10.8 12.2 11.6 11.6 10.8 11.8 South Carolina 10.5 10.3 11.4 7.1 12.8 10.6 11,4 8.1 12.5 South Dakota 12.1 11.8 11,6 12.3 11.9 12.2 . 12.3 12.3 11.9 Tennessee . 10.6 10.4 10.9 8.1 12.9 10,8 11.2 9.0 12.6 Texas 11.6 11.7 12.0 9.3 7.6 11.6 11.9 10.0 7,0 Utah 12.5 12.6 12.6 11.7 10.7 12.4 12.4 . 11.3 10.5 Vermont...: 12.2 12.1 12.1 12.4 12.6 12.3 12.3 12.2 12.6 Virginia 11.7 11.4 12.1 8.0 13.0 11.8 12.1 9,0 12.6 - Washington 12.1 12.4 12.4 12.0 12.0 12.4 12.4 11,6 11.9 West Virginia 10.6 10.3 10.3 8.9 12.3 10.8 10.3 10.0 12.2 Wisconsin 12.1 12.1 12.1 10.0 10.2 12.2 12.2 -10.7 10.7 Wyoming 12.4 12.3 12.3 11.3 9.0 12.4 12.4 . 11.0 9,5

SOURCE U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of lire Census,"Coasus at Population: 1970, General Social and Economic Characteristics; Series PC(1)-C.

15
Table 14.-Years of school completed by persons 25 years old and over, by State: 1970

Stale

,Number of

persons 25

years old

and over

Percentage distribution, by years of school completed

Total Noschool years completed

Elementary school High school College 1 to 4

years 5 or 6

years

7 years 8

years 1 N 3years

4 . years 1 to 3

years

4 years. 5 or more

years

1 2 4 5 6 7 s 9 10 11 12 13 United States 109,899,359 100.0 1.6 3.8 5.7 4.4 12.8 19.4 31.1 10.6 6.1 4.6 Alabama 1,803,798 100.0 2.4 8.3 10.7 6.5 8.9 21.9 25.9 7.5 5.1 2.7 Alaska 134,948 100.0 2.5 3.4 3.1 2.3 7.1 14.9 37.7 14.9 7.8 6.4 Arizona 915,737 100.0 2.5 3.6 4.5 3.2 11.0 17.1 31.6 13.9 6.7 5.9 Arkansas 1,057,512 100.0 2.1 8.4 8.9 5.6 15.2 19.9 25.6 7.6 4.2 2.5 California 10,875.983 100.0 1.5 2.8 4.0 2.7 8.8 17.6 32.8 16.4 7.0 6.5 Colorado 1,141.138 100.0 1.0 2.2 3.1 2.7 11.1 16.1 34.4 14.6 8.5 6.4 Connecticut 1.685,598 100.0 1.8 2.5 4.8 4.1 12.9 17.9 31.7 10.7 7.8 5.9 Delaware 287,395 100.0 1.2 2.6 4.9 4.1 10.5 22.1 31.7 9.8 7.5 5.6 District of Columbia 423.051 100.0 1.2 4.1 6.3 4.6 7.7 20.9 26.2 11.2 8.1 9.7 Florida 3,967,881 100.0 1.6 4.3 6.4 4.1 11.4 19.6 30.7 11.6 6.3 4.0 Georgia 2,355.810 100.0 2.2 8.9 9.3 7.5 8,4 23.2 22.4 9.0 6.1 3.2 Hawaii 384,843 100.0 3.0 5.3 5.8 2.5 8.2 13.3 35.9 12.0 7.7 6.3

Idaho 368,912 100.0 .7 1.6 2.6 2.6 14.3 18.7 34.6 15.0 6.2 3.8

Illinois 6.089,328 100,0 1.2 2.9 4.6 3.7 16.2 18.8 31.9 10.4 6.0 4.3

Indiana 2,746,414 100.0 .9 2.3 4.1 3.9 15.4 20.5 36.1 8.5 4.5 3.9

Iowa 1,540,588 10).0 .6 -1.3 2.7 3.0 18.5 15.0 38.7 11.1 5.5 3.6 Kansas 1,225.988 100.0 a 1.6 2.8 3.1 16.1 15.8 35.8 12.7 6.6 4.8 Kentucky 1,713,298 100.0 7.7 8.3 5.9 212 . 16.6 24.1 7.2 4.2 3.0., Louisiana 1,809.914 100.0 3.9 9.2 10.3 6.4 8.7 19.2 24.7 8.5 5.5 3.6 Maine 537,823 100.0 1.9 4.0 3.6 15.0 19.8 35.1 11.2 5.5 2.9 Maryland 2,082,549 100.0 1.1 3.5 7.1 6.1 9.7 20.3 28.5 9.9 7.4 6.6 Massachusells 3.142,463 100.0 1.9 2.3 4.8 3.8 9.9 18.9 74.9 11.0 6.8 5.7 Michigan 4,594,461 100.0 1.1 2.6 4.1 3.7 13.5 22.1 33,7 9.7 5.1 4.3 Minnesota 1,490,367 100.0 .7 1.7 3.2 3.5 19.4 14.0 34.5 12.0 6.6 4.5 Mississippi 1,111,789 100.0 2.7 9.7 9.3 5.3 11.7 20.3 23.9 9.0 5.4 2.7 MISSOUri Montana

2,602.479

364,508

100.0

100.0

.9

.8 3.4

2.0

4.9

3.1 4.63.1 20.016.2

17.4

15.7 30.6

34.0 9.3

14.1 5.2

6.9 3.8

4.1 Nebraska 804,623 100.0 .7 1.7 2.8 2.8 17.3 15.4 37.2 12.4 5.7 3.9 Nevada 265,089 100,0 .6 1.5 2.5 1.9 8.7 19.6 38.9 15.5 6.3 .5 New Hampshire 397.681 100.0 .9 1.4 3.5 3.4 15.3 17.8 34.4 12.3 6.9 3.9 New Jersey 4,056.606 10 .0 3.1 5.8 4,4 13.1 31.8 8.8 7.0 4.9 New Mexico 489,623 100.0 3.3 5.6 5.6 3.7 9.4 .1 30.0 12.5 6.8 6.0 New York 10.418,555 100.0 2.2 3.1 5.8 3.9 13.0 .4 9.6 6.2 5.6 North Carolina 2,646,272 10).0 2.0 8.0 9.8 85 8.8 24.4 21.7 8.4 5.5 2.9 North Dakota 318,339 103.0 1.11 3.1 4.5 4.4 25.7 11.0 27.6 14.3 5.2 3.2 Ohio 5,700,317 100.0 1.0 2.5 4.6 3.7 13.4 21.5 35.3 8.7 5.3 .4.0 Oklahoma 1.422,569 120.0 1.2 4.4 5.8 4.7 13.5 18.9 30.0 11.6 5.8 4.3 Oregon 1,156,024 103.0 .7 1.6 2.8 3.2 13.2 18.5 35.0 13.3 6.4 5.4 Pennsylvania 6,689,938 100.0 1.4 2.8 5.7 4.5 14.7 20.6 34.5 7.0 5.1 3.7 Rhode Island 524,082 103.0 2.2 3.2 6.3 5.6 12.9 23.5 29.0 8.0 5.4 South Carolina 1,283.837 100.0 2.6 9.5 10.0 7.3 8,7 24.1 20.6 8.3 6.2 2.7 South Dakola 349.497 100.0 .6 2.1 3.2 3.2 24.8 12.8 31.2 13.6 5.3 3.3 Tennessee 2,127,946 100.0 1.7 7.8 8.7 5,7 16.1 18.3 25.7 8.2 4.9 3.0 Texas 5,817,155 100.0 3.0 6.3 7.4 5.4 4,2 22.4 25.1 114 6.4 4.5 Utah 492,337 100.0 .9 1.1 2.0 2.0 7,8 19.2 35.9 17.4 7.6 6.4 Vermont 232,643 100.0 .8 1.5 3.3 3.2 17.6 16.7 33.0 12.6 7.0 4.5 Virginia 2.446.082 100.0 1, 6.0 5.3 8.7 7.6 20.0 25.2 10.3 7.2 5.1 Washington 1.825,888 100.0 .7 1.5 2,6 2.8 11.4 17.6 36.2 14.5 6.7 6.1 West Virginia 969,436 100.0 1.6 5.8 8.8 5.6 19.1 17.6 27.6 7.3 4;0 2.8 Wisconsin Wyoming

2.329,796

175,649 100.0

100.0

.9

.8

2.3

1.8 4.0. 2.7 3.7 2.4

18.9 12.4. 15.7

17.1 34.836.2 9.9

14.8 5.8

7.2 4.0

4.6 NOTE.-Because of rounding, percentages may not add to 100.0.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce. Bureau of lho Census, "Census of Population:1970, General Social and Ecormic Characteristics," Series Pcmc1.-

16
Illiteracy in the United States

The illiteracy rate in the United States was cut

in half during the 1960's, according to a recent

sample survey conducted by the Bureau of the

Census. The new data indicate that in November

1969 only 1.0 percent of the population 14 years

of age and over were unable to read and write a

simple message in English or in some other

language. A similar survey conducted in March

1959 found that 2.2 percent of the persons in the

same age group were illiterate.

The Bureau of the Census has collected statistics

on illiteracy since 1840, but the figures for 1840,

1850, and 1860 are not regarded as comparable

with those for subsequent years. Reasonable comparability has been maintained since the Census

of 1870. The data show that 100 years ago illiterates constituted 20 percent of the population.

In other words, the proportion of illiterates was 20

times as great in 1870 as it is today (see the

accompanying chart). Each generation tends to

spend more years in school than the generation

that preceded it, and illiteracy declines as the older

people in the population are replaced by younger

ones.

Traditionally, the illiteracy rate has been higher

for men than for women, but in 1969 the differ.

ence was negligible: 1.1 percent of the men and

1.0 percent of the women were classified as illiterate. This may be attributed in part to the fact

that women live longer than men. and illiterates

are more likely to be found in the older age groups.

The Census surveys have consistently found that

the inability to read and write is more prevalent

among Negroes than among the white population.

In 1870, for example, 79.9 percent of the nonwhite

population were illiterate as compared with 11.5

percent of the white. In 1900 the comparable percentages were 44.5 and 6.2. respectively. In recent

years, however, dramatic strides have been made

toward the eradication of illiteracy among all Americans. The illiteracy rates in 1969 were 0.7 percent

for whites and 3.6 percent for Negroes.

For additional information the reader may wish

to consult the Bureau of the Census publication.

Illiteracy in the United States: November 1969

(Current Population Reports, Series P-20, No.

217). The report may be obtained for 15 cents

from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.

W. VANCE GRANT,

specialist in educational statistics

17
Table 15.- Illiteracy of the population,

by State: 1900, 1930, and 1960

State Number

illiterate

19601 Percent illite rate

19601 1930 1900

1 3 4 5 United States. 3,055.000 2.4 4.8 11.3 Alabama 93,000 4.2 14.0 35.1 Alaska 5.000 3.0 20.5 40.6. Arizona 33,000 3.8 11.0 30.0 Arkansas 45.000 3.6 7.6 21.3. California 203,000 1.8 2.8 5.3 Colorado 15,000 1.3 3.1 4.5 Connecticut 41.000 2.2 5.1 6.5 Delaware 6.000 1.9 4.4 13.2 District of Columbia 11.000 1.9 1.7 9.4 Florida 92,000 2.6 7.7 23.4 Georgia 120,000 4.5 10.4 32.1 Hawaii 21.000 5.0 17.5 35.2

Idaho 4,000 .8 1.2 5.1

Illinois 128,000 1.8 2.7 4.8

Indiana 40,000 1.2 1.8 5.2

Iowa 14,000 .7 .9 2.7 Kansas 14,000 .9 1.4 3.3 Kentucky 70,000 3,3 7.3 18.l Louisiana 137,000 6.3 15.1 39.6 Maine 9,000 1.3 3.0 5.5 Maryland 41,000 1.9 4.2 12.1 Massachusetts 83,000 2.2 4.0 6.5 Michigan 84,000 16 2.2 4.8 Minnesota 23,000 1.0 1.4 4.6 Mississippi 71,000 4.9 14.8 34.1 Missouri 52.000 2,7 2.5 7.0 Montana 5,000 1.0 L9 6.6 Nebraska 9.000 .9 1.3 2.6 Nevada 2,000 1.1 4.8 13.8 New Hampshire 6,000 1.4 3.0 6.7 New Jersey 99,000 2.2 4.3 6.5 New Mexico) 24.000 4.0 141 35.7 New York 355.000 2.9 4.1 6.1 North Carolina 125.000 4.0 11.5 .30,1 North Dakota 6,000 1A 1.7 6.l Ohio 99,900 1.5 2.5 4.5 Oklahoma 32,000 1.9 3.1 21.7 Oregon 10,000 .8 1.1 3.7 Pennsytiania 166.000 2.0 3.5 6.9 Rhode Island 15,000 2.4 5.5 9.2 South Carl1line 87.000 5.5 16.7 37.4 South Dakota 4,000 .9 1.4 5.8 Tennessee 88,000 3.5 8.0 21.9 Texas 272,000 4.1 7.3 15.6 Utah 5,000 .9 1.4 3.6 Vermonl 3,000 1.1 2.4 6.4 Virginia 94,000 3.4 9.7 24.3 Washington 18,000 .9 1.1 3.4 West Virginia 35,000 2.7 5.5 12.6 Wisconsin 35.000 1.2 2,1 5.4 Wyoming 2,000 .9 2.8 4.4

I Estimated. NOTE, -Data refer to the population 25 years old and over in 1900 and 1930.

and to the population 14 years old and over io 1960,

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Current Population Reports," Series P23, No.8.

18

Tabia 16.- Percent of draftees who failed to meet the mental

requirements For induction into the armed services,

by State 1970

State Total Failed mental requirements only Mentally and methtally dis- Total qualified Failed mental tests Trainability

limited

1 2 3 . 4 , 5 6`"'

United States 7.1 5.7 4.8 0,9 1.4 Alabama 16.0 11.0 8.8 2.2 5.0 Alaska 5.5 2.4 2.3 0.1 3.1 Arizona 4.6 3.4 .2.8 0.6 1.2 Arkansas 10.4 8.1 7.2 0.9 2.3 California 4,8 4.2 3.5 0.7 0.6 Colorado 2,7 2.1 1.6 0.5 0.6 Connecticut 5.0 4.5 4.5 0,0 0.5 Delaware 6,6 5.5 4.5 1.0 1.1 District of Columbia 10.5 8.5 5.2 3.3 2.0 Florida 8.0 6.7 5.9 0,8 1.3 Georgia 16.4 14.3 13.7 0.6 2,1 Hawaii 7,2 5.8 5.4 0.4 1.4

Idaho 1,7 1.3 1.3 0.0 0.4

Illinois 7.1 6.0 4.9 11 LI

Indiana 4.7 3.8 3.0 0.8 0.9

Iowa 1,1 0.8 0.7 0.1 0.3 Kansas 2.1 1.3 1.0 0.3 0.8 Kentucky 8.1 5.3 4.6 0.7' 2.8 Louisiana 13,5 11,8 9.7 2.1 1.7 Maine 2.8 1.5 1.0 0.5 1.3 Maryland 6.1 4.8 3.1 1.7 1.3 Massachusetts 5.0 3.7 3.3 0.4 1.3 Michigan 4.6 4.2 3.1 1.1 0.4 Minnesota 0.7 0.4 0.4 .0.0 0.3 Mississippi 21.9 19.2 17.1 2.1 2.7 Missouri 4.5 3.0 2.6 0.4 1.5 Montana 1.4 1.2 1.2 . _ 0.2 Nebraska 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.2 0.2 Nevada 4.2 3.0 2.6 0.4 . 1.2 New Hampshire 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.4 New Jersey 8.9 8.3 7.6 0.7 0.6 New Mexico 9.1 6.7 6.7 0.0 2,4 New York 8,3 6.6 5,6 1.0 1.7 North Caroline 165 12.7 10.9 1.8 3.8 North Dakota 1,8 1.1 1.0 0.1 0.7 Ohio 3.4 2.6 2.0 0.6 0.8 Oklahoma 3.6 2,7 2.2 0.5 0.9 Oregon 1.5 1.2 1.2 ... 0.3 Pennsylvania 4.4 3.1 2.7 0.4 1.3 Rhode island 4.2 3,3 2.9 0.4 0.9 South Carolina 24.6 . 22.3 17.9 4.4 2.3 South Oakota 1,9 1.5 1.4 0.1 0,4 Tennessee 8.3 6.0 4.8 1.2 2.3 Texas 7.6 5.3 4.2 1.1 2.3 Utah 2.6 1.5 1,5 0.0 1.1 Vermont 1.2- 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.4 Virginia 11.1 9.1 8.1 1.0 2.0 Washington 0,9 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.4 West Virginia 8.4 5.9 5.0 0.9 2.5 Wisconsin 2,2 1.8 1.4 0.4 0.4 Wyoming 1.9 1.5 1.2 0.3 0.4 Outlying areas: PuertoerRico (includes

Virgin Islands) 59.2 51.7 47.3 4.4 7.5 Guam and Mariana Islands 33,8 21,9 17.8 4.1 11.9 SOURCE: U.S. Department of the Army. Office of the Surgeon Genera , "Summary

of Registrant Examinations for Induction."
Table 17--OeCupstiors of employed persons 11 years old and oiler, by ses, color, and years of school completed:

United States. March 1971

Percentage drstribution, by years of school completed Total -- 7 - - Median

See, color, and occupation employed I lementaiy school High school College school lie Total . thousands) less than 8 1 to 3 4 1 to 3 I years completed

8 years' years years years years Or more

i 7 3 4 S 6 7 8 9 10 MEN White

All occupation groups, 47,139 100.0 7.3 9.6 15.7 36.6 14.3 16.3 U.S _ .. ._ ...- Professional, technical, and kindred workers ..... 6.346 100.0 .3 .6 2.1 16.8 112 62 0 161 Managers and administrators, escept lam ....... 6.996 100.0 13 5.4 10.5 35.7 203 25.3 11.9 Clerical and kindred workers 2.782 100.0 7.3 5.6 13.6 45.7 22.0 0.0 17.6

Isles workers.... ... . .. . .. . . . ..... . 7,663 100.0 2.0 3.8 9.S 37.3 27 9 19.6 12.9 Craftsmen, linemen, and amired workers- . 0,645 1000 8.0 12.4 71.9 46.0 9.9 1.7 12.7

[Operatives and kindred workers . 7.437 100 0 11.9 14.9 74.5 41.2 6.7 .8 11.4

; e n t i c e workers. secluding private household. ... , 7,549 100.0 12.1 13.9 19 3 37 7 14.0 3.1 12.1 Farmers. larm managers. laborers, and Weiner) , . . 7,014 100.0 19.1 23.7 15.4 309 8.0 2.0 10.4

laborers, *scent farm and mine 2,317 100.0 163 13.9 77.7 34.9 10.3 2.1 11.6 Negro and other races

All occupation droops 4.373 100.0 77.9 __.7.7 74.1 29,3 0.6 7.S 11.4 Professional, technical. and kindred workers.. 344 100.0 1.4 .6 3.2 14.5 17.1 63.7 161 Managers and administrators, 'scent farm , 230 100.0 10.9 SI 17.4 31.7 11.3 73.0 123 Dkrics1 and sales workers . . . . .. . ... 437 100.0 4.6 1.4 /8 9 42.S 25.1 7.5 12.6 Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers 601 100.0 221 Si 211 33.7 7.6 7.7 11.3 Donative, end kindred workers 1.219 100.0 21-3 15 30.1 31.9 LI I 11.0

;woke workers, including private household 696 100.0 73.0 11.8 77.3 281 8 S 1.4 30.7 Formers, fine managers. laborers, and foremen 721 100.0 67.4 6.3 13.6 10.0 2.7 .. 6.S

LK:Arras, except farm and mine 027 100.0 3S.2 10.0 273 22.6 4.7 .2 9.5 WOMEN White

All occupation troupe 74.9111 100.0 4.1 7.0 141 10.7 11.3 17.3 17.3 - Protean:mil. techacol. and kindred workers... . 4.070 100.0 .3 .6 2.3 19.7 14.8 37.4 16.4 Managers and administrators, 'scent form 1,358 100.0 21 3 1 17 4 48.0 17.5 14.1 12-6

:logical workers 8.954 100.0 .5 13 9.3 63.7 181 3.9 12.6

isles workers 1,830 100.0 2.6 7.4 191 S1.3 14.3 4,8 12.4

:rallsmen, operatives, and laborers, 'marl farm and

mine. 3,827 1001 13.7 17.1 781 34.9 4.3 1.4 11.0 Private household workers 709 100,0 18.0 218 231 301 5.8 1.1 114

;write workers, secant private household 3,940 100.0 8.0 116 73.8 44.1 100 1.6 12.1

rottaus, (arm monsters, laborers, sod foremen 310 300.0 0.0 23.4 71.7 331 9.0 1.0 11.4 Hypo and other races

All occupallon grasps 3,527 _ AMC 13.5 7.5 21.0 37.2 10.5 0.4 17.2 Pretessissol sad miaimill, sad kindred workers I 492 100.0 1.8 1.4 7.S 20.1 16.7 RA 16.1 Clerical and antes woikerS. al 100.0 1.3 1.4 17.4 58.0 23.6 13 171

:ratmeen, operalives, and laborers, except farm.... 605 100.0 17.9 8.3 31.9 43.3 3.1 .S 117 Private household workers 631 100.0 371 13.4 26.1 19.7 1.4 .. - 11.4 >mice workers, omen' private household- - ..- 932 100.0 13 9 10.0 37.9 36.0 6.6 .11 11.4

farmers, farm managers, Myers, and foremen 26 NI - ... - - --- -. - - - - ---

i Includes poisons repining ao school years completed.

I includes professbnal and 'ethnics) workers and managers, *facials, and progrre

ton, siceplIsem.

19

f Percent and median not shown where base is less then 73,000.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Boman of Labor Mohacs, Special Labor

Force Nepal No 140, "Educabonal Aitamment of Mier lons,ilaish 1411."
Table 11..-Totat assemset money Income of persons 25 years old sod over, by yeses of school complotemi, tee, and age:

United 51.1.1, 1970

Ms. inters*, and ego

1 MEN Total.... ..... . With %cone

Total. ........ . SI lo $69 of loss... 1500 to 1999 8160 to 11.69.. . . 41.400 to 11.199 42,000 ta ti,ols ......... . 42200 to $2,999 .. 43400 to 83.999. . . VAN to 44,999 .. . 15400 to 85299 .. . $6,000 to 46,999. . 17,00010 67,999.. . PAM to 49299. - 410100 lo 814.999

815,000 to $24,999. . . 42460 sad mu

Total. ell egos ...

23 to 34 yews.. . 35 to 44 mats 45 10 54 mere . . 56 to 64 macs 65 guts mil ores

Total

161164

With femme... . Total

SI to 694 olds_ ...... .. $500 to $9011 .... .... ... ....... WACO to :I"

11.50010 4169

VAN to WNW ...... . 42.100 le WAN ..... 11200 to $3,16. ... ........ .. PAO% saps

41 000 lo 6191.. . 6.100 lo 16,9

17.970 to PAN.. .. . 060 to SOW

610.000 lo 41469

saps as 121,994 ... . . . MON sad sow

Yeats of school completed

Total Elementary school Nigh school Total

College

4 or more_- 5 of more Total lose

than 4 I Total I to S 3 1 . 11

Total 4 2 3 4 5 6 _...___

/ 8 9 10 II 12 IS Number, m thousands

51,396 1.13.941 17.295 6,646 I 24,039 8.172

50.181 11.716 7,134 6.583 21.455 8,09?

100.0

1.3

1.8 2.9SI 3.1 2.7 6.3

6.1 6.9

7.6

11.6 15.5 211

6.7

2.9

11,691 8.216 9.464

1,173 7,674

6,751

15,867 15.731

Meilen

school yeses

*molded

14 - - - -- - - _ - -

13,317 5,727 7,36 4.175 3.415 12.2 6,416 5,777 7139 4.197 [ 3.441 12.2 percentage dislmbution of men With ncome

IWO 100.0 100.0 60.0 1001 100.0 16.9

T" 1011.0 2.1 2.3 1.9 12 1.1 1.0 .1 ./ 4.4 6.1 2.6 .9 1.4 .7 .7 .1 7.4 10.0 41 1.5 2.4 1.0 .9 1.1 8.0 91 5.9 2.0 32 1.4 1.1 12

6.6 7.7 5.5 2.1 3.1 1.6 1.4 1.7 CS 6.4 5.0 1.1 2.9 1.4 14 1.0

11.5 120 10.9 52 7.0 42 1I 3.6 100 10.1 91 5.5 7.0 4,7 3.3 3.8

IA 8.4 9 3 7.6 t? 7.0 3.9 5.0

0.1 7.8 8 5 8.9 9.4 8.6 4.6 5 7

7.2 6.0 8.5 111./ 107 101 61 112 91 7.0 13.1 19.6 190 200 14.0 17 6 4.0 5.1 11.3 25.4 19.1 6.7 304 31.3

7.7 .9 2.5 62 31 7.4 20.4 13 7 1.1 A 1.4 II 1.6 8. 0 3.1 Melia moms

6,420 41164 01,410 $1,27

5,426 4,64 5,969 72

6,149 5.359 7.013 9.01 6.238 5.126 7,232 9. 5,192 4,501 6.720 820

SA?? 1 5164 6.101 7,41

100.0 _.. _

.8

.6

.7 II

1.2

1.0 27

29

32

4.1 4.9 113 240

253

112

- - IWO_ 100.0 1

_4

.6

1.1

1.4

.6 29

30

3.1 4.4

5.7 12.3

30.7 240

4.6

A

.7

.6

.7 1.0

1.4 21

21

3.2 3.4

IA

4.1

27.0 2/1

14.5 I

=_- 10.2

4.1

8.18.4 8./ 0.712

10.0

11.4 12.0 122 123

12.6

14.9

ICS

,

I $7211 18,772 611,401 49,070 $12,4111 2,144 61,424

I 6,002 $217 9,706 9,074 10,661 10,513 10,871 1,207 9,431 13234 11.409 14,767 14,63 11,677 .... 8,314 9.69 11,533 11.526 15.171 14,566 18.016 .... _

7,76 11,707 12.042 10,400 13.623 12,818 14,411

1 7,043 7,630 9.145 7,909 9,401 9,797 10,221

Minder, in Wooded'

60 10 5 67.422 1142051916.0

161 4.971 2061 LIU 14.137 7.93 462 161

till .1 764F2,121 10,271 .1.852-1 14.404t S.W 4.918 1e114* age libbibutos of semis with income s -t--

100.0 MA 180.0 68.0 100.0 10A USA

10.2

11.6

ILI 8.9

7.252

WA

92

7.4 1.1

4.2

4.7

3.2

.62

9.4 112

14.9

13.7 CO

5.5 101

4.5 32

1./

A

3

.4

(II

(II

10.4

22.7 211

13.9

IA

SA11

5.0

2.412

.5

.3

.4

.101

92

16.0 6.7

13.6 9.4 CI

II 4

8.1

1.1 2.2

1.4

1.2

.4

101

9.5

1.0 ?I 7.1 5.5

12.4 11.3 9.4

6.7

4.4

4.0

1.9

.1

10.1

11.4 11.5 9.9

1.4 6.4

13.9

10.1

/1

4221

2.1

.6

.2

.1

104SA

7.1 6.1

IA

ST

11.4

11.7 101

7.6

5.3 4.9 7.5

.32

9.9

6.9 6,4SA 41

LI 2.1

7.3 ?A

7,4

8.2

11.5

10.1 2.1

.6

110.11 INA

1.46

2,515

LOS 12.2

1,920 12.2 NU 16.0

ILOV

11.1 6.351

4.0

4.7 4.5

9.4 0.1 ?A

?A

4.7LS

.4

42

SA

4A

5.4

4.1 SA

5./

61

62

6.5

8.5

14.3

15.83.2

.6

10.4

5.7 6.1 42

3.9

4.1 4./ 4.8 6.4

7.6 SI 16.2

11.711

./

SI

S./

32

41

4.4

2.7 3.9

4.4 11

4,4

42

18.6 233SA

IA

122 101

11

10.6

11.4

12.4

12.1 12.3 12.4

12,9

12.1

ISA

ISA

16.0

14.4

Idol, ell item.- .......

6 to 34 yam.. ... ...... . .. 14 30 41 macs. , 6 lo S4 mess . . . . . ... ... SS 664 mese . .. ...... .. .

6.111

3,224

3,450 36?

2,916

tAn

Medics Raceme 41241

2,240

2,596

3.280 1.864

1,331

6401

1.049 2253

17070 1.257

41,881

2.274

1,010 2070

2.179

1,451

$IAN

3413

3.426 3270

433

31,141

11.141

2.373 3.46

SAW

2.43$

1.648

OM

3.249

3.637 4208

3,777 1,37

WO

4,615

4,71s

5.$00

1.68

2,744

411,711 3,610

4,212

4,60

4,315

2,111

*01

1,972

5,613

7,8110 /64

3,744

41.111

5.313 160

6,914

6.46

3.143

PAH

7,076

7,491 9101

9.172 1,26

6 Lop 311. 0.16 wad.

4017161: 1,11. Depasteind of Commone. Ionise od tho Cobs*, "Corset twolotes %mils," Sum 9-40, M. 40.

20
Table 111.Astnual latente of moo, by pp unit pus of

school completed: t/mitod Stoteo, 1966 to Mt

!In current do lars1 Age. and years of school complete:1

I 19567 19513 1961

4 1964

5 1968 6

(110 74 years old

Elementary:

Less then $ years $1,569 11,4611 11,596 $ 1,931 12,892

I years 2.135 1,970 7.239 2,553 3,764

High school:

1 to 3 years . 7,701 7.008 7.204 2291 2.600 4 yterS.... ... 7,666 7.655 7.768 LOSS 3,674

College:

1 13$ yams ... . . 1.924 1,961 2,030 2,737 7,700

4 years or more ,l1 7.9lti 3,310 3.570 4,273

a yfifS - 01) 0) 3.381 3.736 4.306 6 years or mom. . . ... . (7) I') ii) 41) 4,186

25 yews old and ore

Elementary:

Less that 0 yews 2.574 7,630 2.996 3291 3.981 8 yeas .. - ... . 3,631 3.677 4,206 4,520 5.467 High school:

I to 3 yens . 4,367 4,462 6,161 5.653 6.761 4 goals. .... 5.113 6257 6.946 4.734 8,146

Collep

I to 1 years , . , 4 years or More - 6.997

7,877

6,772 6.643

7.348

9.817

1,907

10.7174 9.39712,638

0 yams. . . ,.. (II 7.665 1.312 1.757 12,418

S years O MOM. 1°1 9,178 9.967 11,004 13.555 Data not mailable.

7101E.-7hose arithmetic means are estimaledtrom so' phi surveys of households

They are subtact to sampling variability as sell as to errors el response and

poreporting,

SOURCE U S. Department of Commerce. Rom of Ills Can**. "Correll Pop.

Ishoo Reports," Series P40, No. 74

Tabl. 20.-1.11othimi income Of MOO. by Y1061* of school

completed: United State., 3056 to 19611

I in current dollars) Years of srhool romp/Med

1

1956 1958 1963 1964

5

1968

3 6

Income I-1-

4 Elementary: OM set 18 to iftaLl Less Man 8 years 1131.432 1128.161 1151.081 1170.145 $713.505 years - 178.749 178.010 205,237 273.946 276.755 Hugh school:

1 to 3 yews 201.825 203,901 735,165 755.701 308,305

4 years 264.158 42.480 773,611 311.462 371,094

College.

I to 3 years 779.727 287,306 335,100 365.749 424,280

4 year. or more 372.644 401,819 454.732 478,696 607,921

4 years ill 363,986 432,617 459,492 584.062 S yews or more 0) 440.404 475,116 500.641 636,114

tom gni ory Less than years 8107337

income 4106,709

from ago 25

unpa4

lo 64

8138.777 174,70

years . . - 146,059 146,034 168,96? 181.702 226,708

RIO school.

1 Pi 3 y ars 166.217 164.534 193,266 711,342 268,466

4 yews 109,463 201.750 724,626 257,447 306.786 College: I 10 3 Years 732,317 744,166 273,309 267,543 356,297

4 yews a more $14,597 3311,e011 360,951 392.006 SO4,60

4 ssa0S. . ,1 I 303.570 350,649 377,767 416.643

S years or more ,01 377,635 379.906 416,077 525,597

Dela nol available.

14011 - These ItiMMIthe means ore estim tied Iron sample surveys of households.

They are slated to sampling variaboirls as wen as to Mrilif of resoonst and

/*mewling

SOURCE: US, Oeparfmen1 of Commarce. Sergio of to Census, "Current Pop..

Mhos Reports," Stows P40, lit 74.

UM, 21.41000011te of ostmcatiomel iseadtulloos, by Pool of lostroctloo, typo of *PIMA

nd soodf.d: Usitod Stte.. 116.70

1ln tboussnds of dollars)

Control of insblutson sod

source of fends All levels tippler, and secondary

Imps

eft/Meet

101.1'

Itiptso Edocaloonsl sod general

educaboo

AhrINry

onlorprises

Slodent

M

TMaio Shot Ni, Men. (0010100

2 S 6 7 $16.406,177

10,933192

6,091.132

1,691171

6,614146

714,366 1.734117

262,446

144 171 6,632.816

t,1S3363

910.962

103.115 60,036

2104141

73111/0 174,005

82.10110

1,727,526 07

()

0)

(47 0)

(4o 1,727.576

1372,114

)

1)

1,112.864

10 TOO

Mkt, controlled Gamernmeol f Psi*

State . , . . Local (includingoonnto).

SludIml fids . . . - Pp* eh sod Foots Allotties wpm

10014lycentrotled Goveromeot federal

State.

Leal Oncludossamoty)

SPdenl fell . . - PPP/ gilts sod puts MINN' mods_ . .

Sn1101S1

99,9A1147

82.161,706

61066.666 22106.112 23.916.02

1,913,121 464.646

4.666.366

1"

$10,116116

43,606,7%

42109,736

3.4111.887 16.062.771

23,127.403

6103,32$

113.6102

$44106,922

40.466.917

10,420,902

3.419167

1604.771

111,936.5611 101,32$

116.$9k_

114,108000

..... 4.64*

$3.199,014 3.119134 3.101134

. .

it?

MAVIS

11.336.011 10273,973

2169,131

6,746.406

151,421

1173,707

468.646 3310,674

9.496107

7.066.630 1146132

348191

11,447

1,712.64$

11111.613 3131335

0101.016

349,011

276,132

207,972

64,161

3,049

i1

S3,261

20,700

$1.4/0.40

751,412

321,046

321,04$

0) 010) 437.364 13106107

2,095130

1146132

144.391

61,447

2.712140

10103

9131136

64,111111

4.$111

3011.912 196.407

134,642

20,946

310

Ili 14.123

77,791

712248

447.450r) rl0)

0) 266.797

lochmles estrmalod memo ler "oleo" sleek, such as tardentel scliools for

ar-00060814liMmln, fidmal schools ter Inds.. end f ogee schools on federal

ms1411stoms. SutiosIMpels Opartmeies et insIstottons el Maher Pilotage ars

meloded oadar hl lter Poulos.

locludss soliteRsgmte dsamlmenb at rostdolions at lughot Woodson. Uchida

shook of amps ant AWN with pimps sod oftiversettet.

WIPP Pima* of snoop tor &et Mimeos sod PolesPadMil funds. EimPlas *deltoid !rashers.

0419 all availalde.

21

o romp and iranspettahon less Mom patrons

Esumatml oft to bps of esponditrue pm Niches on pubic elementary and

odooddir Wools

lowldNd m column 4. 81081 POMO, at mosdred. Plad may Pt 444 Is totals.

SOURCES- U.S Dopartmool of Penh, teocalion, arid WNW'. Wks d tiluc

bon, "Statistics at Wm Saud Spiess. 1969-70." and liorinciol Statistics of

laptops Mope/ telocatem. 196110". V.S. Dopartmeotot the i Manor, 80,010i

if WWI Mars , and unpoeliseml dab ovidaele Motel Placebo..
Table 12.-wEStimated ipandlturaS foe mitigation, by level of instolactleil and by type of Control:

United States, 07142 and 97243

fin billions of dollars)

Level of instsuction and type of control 191142 TOM

S

1972.73 Current mienclitures end interest t 6

Total

2

Coorent espenditures

end intermit

com111 outlay

4

Capital

outlay

3 7 Total slunontory, smondory. sod Meter *dumbest - -. 153.0 $74.3 $9.7 $10.2 $80.1

-,- U0.1

603

-. Public . 65.7 BA Mt 65.3 8.8 Nonpublic .... ....... 15.1 13.8 1.3 16.1 10.8 1.3 Elementary and mondani fesulsi snit ethos schools . . 1I 1 411.3 5.6 51.7 51.6 6.1 IPublic. 48.1 43,7 5.1 52.3 46.5 05

Nonpoblic.... .. . ... ............ ....... . S.1 IS S 5.4 41 .6 Nisbet oducation . ....... . 29.9 251 4.1 32.S 28.6 to

Public 19.9 16.6 3.3 21$ 18.3 33

Nonpublic 100 92 .8 10.7 10.0 .?

I These *stand's ate bond on dots shown in Ole Once of Educolion public/bons

"Statistics of Stan School Systoms,'"Ilstishcs of Nisbet Education." sod "Bond

Sillu hit Public School Purposes." Caminito:Rs of public tenons(' and

secondary schools In 1912.73 owl MI institutions of haply oducsbon for 1971.72

and 1972.73 acs dewed own the lacrosse' misled from entailment chooses

tombind win to nand in cergeni inpenditurin pet student. (trienniums ol

public Memnon ond wooden schools for 1971.72 are bawd on oslimMes Pio

aided by Stalo departments el Mention. and no 1912.73 loses ors prosecutor.'

01 0 10-Mili bend. Capitol outlay for an mstdubons of tenor education 0 defend

from Ms 116070 capitol many per additensi siudenl @opted I* i:pectad 501011 -

meal changes for 191142 sod 1912.13 odiusled by soplicoloon of a moons rem-

*. All blondes of sapondautos lot nonpublic and ones demonism sad

Setiedaty SC0001s sic based on Ms 'nominee Mil eaponditures per te:._,,,tor

lincludtail downed servos) in the Ume as foe the public schools. Some memos

ostonota dais cost of education in nonpublic schools won based on Ms ossum0

bon that per pupil costs in nonpublic schools wets Ins soma as let the public

schools. Since no pupil-teaches ratio is lusher In nonpublic Nun in public schools.

tbs proveut estimides *era Miner Man non shown bete.

t Includes intimates lop intent. os 'piens'

110 billions of donors)

Elementsty- Nisbet secondary Public Nonpublic PubledicNeli uist onpublic

1971:772 192 3

SI 7

1 9 SO 22

$0 3

3 $0.11

includes mhos elementary and secondary schools, such as resideatial schools for

exceptions' Milano, Fedwol schools lot Indians. federally opened elementary

end seconds., schools on posts. and subcooepote uesbilmarlis sf colleges. Et.

penchturos for these schools wets *summed as follows.

110 biLlasnIs of dollars) Public Nonpublic 19/1.72 SO 3 SO 2 301

1972.73 . .3 .2 .1 4 scludos on eslinialed inpenchture rii $60 minion by public and 6211 moon by

nonpublic subcollesisis depommonts el insidutions 01 Maher seicabon. thins

smovnts wets included With ether elementary and secondary school osponditures,

SOURCE: Estimated by Me Oflice of tduntion.

Table 111.Estlinsetilid endemalitures e5 edeeatianol instItedens, by sang of funds:

United States, 116741 to 1072.78

)Animate lit billions of Millorsi

Sons d nd funds, by level of

ItisMehnt and ties 01 MOO

106148 _ ___

Amount __ _ _

Percent 106110

.Amount Penni 107011 Amount ferment 1$71-72 Amount ninon

1972-73 Amami Porten!

I 2 3 4 S 6 1 8 0 10 II

101 keels:

Total public end Mileinhc.. $372 1000 $701 100.0 $761 100/ 153.5 1001 $102 100.0

f Mend 4.0 111 1.1 11.0 to 10.0 0.1 10.5 10.2 11.3 USN . , ....... ..,

twat-- . .... ... 16,5

10.4 29.4

32.3 22.3

21.0

32.1 31.3 241

241

32.3 311

272

?$.3

32.0 314 291

27.6 321

3016 AO otbot . ... ..... 100 232 171 23.6 19.4 26.3 212 2S3 231 23.3 Tall public. 4S.S 100.0 36.6 1000 12.1 10051 .- __.

611 7 100.0 4 74.1 1001 -

foetid 3.1 112 4.0 10.6 6.1 10 1 7.3 10.4 51 112 51* M.? 361 22,4 36.6 24.6 392 27A 313 292 W4

10.4 401 211 AS 24.0 383 262 382 27.3 371 Allen* ..... ... 3.1 112 6 4 11.3 7.4 111 02 111 0.1 12.3 Tmol ampoble. 11,7 100.0 13.4 103.0 142 IWO 1St 100.0 14.1 100.0

fades,' 1.1 141 1.7 12.7 1.7 12.0 1.5 111 11 U.S

Slow .. .1 1 .1 .? .2 1.4 2 1.3 .2 1.3

lot,' (I) (It .1 ,7 .1 .7 .1 .7 .1 .6 Anon* . 01 NA 11.5 1111 122 65.9 13.0 56.1

.. 131_ -.-..- -863

22
Teel& 23,-Estimoted expenditures of educational institutions. by source of funds:

United States, 196744 to 1972.73-Continued

'Amounts .n billions of &IWO

Source of hinds, by level 01

instdulmn and lype of conirol

1 Elementary and letandaf V

schools:

1967-68 Amount Pecan( 31969.70 Aniewit 4 Percent 51970-71 Amount 6 Peron! 7197142 Amount 8 Percent 4197? Amount 10

73Percent 11

Total public and nonpublic 37 3 1000 45 3 100.0 49.5 100.0 53.9 1000 57.7 100.0 Federal 1,0 AO 3.6 7.9 40 8.1 4.3 84 $ 1 88

Slate 12 1 32 4 16.1 35 $ 17.5 35 1 19 2 35.6 20 -8 36 1 Local - 18.0 48.3 21.0 46.4 23.1 46.7 752 461 76.3 45.6 All other 4.7 11.3 4.6 102 49 99 52 96 55 95

Total public 33 2 100 0 40 8 100.0 44 7 100 0 48.8 100 0 57 3 100 0

federal 30 90 36 88 4.0 8.9 43 81 5.1 96 Slate 12 1 36.5 16.1 39 5 11 5 39.2 19 2 39.4 20.1 39.7 Local 18 0 $4.2 21.0 515 231 51.7 75 2 51.6 26.3 50.3 All Mho, .1 .3 .1 .2 .1 .2 .1 .2 .1 .2 Total nonpublic

federal ,

4 1 100.0 4.5 100 0 4.11 100.0 $ 1 100 0 54 100.0 Slate

Local - -- All other.

lesthatlima of blibe

education:

IA 100 0 45 1006 48 100 0 S1 1000 54 100.0

Total public and nonpublic 191 100.0 24 1 100 0 21.4 100.0 79.9 100 0 32.5 1000

federal 38 IS 7 4 i 16.6 4.4 167 4.8 760 SA 757 Slate 47 736 64 259 7.3 266 80 761 86 265

Local 5 3.0 9 3.6 10 36 1l 37 13 40

AN ofter, 108 543 131 539 117 537 16.0 535 17.5 53.8 Total public 17 3 100 0 15 8 100 0 180 1000 19.9 1000 2111 1000

federel 71 171 7.4 150 27 U9 30 14.9 3.2 14.8 Slats 46 37.7 6.3 40 0 7.1 39 6 7.8 39.2 8 4 36 7

local 6 4t. .8 5.1 .9 $2 10 $ 3 1.2 $ 3

All odd. 50 40.7 63 399 73 493 11 40.6 90 412 Told nonpublic. 7,6 100 0 119 100.0 9 4 100.0 10 0 100.0 10 7 100.0

f *deist 1 7 778 1 7 18.8 7.7 10.6 1.1 184 1.9 18.3 Slate 1 1 2 .1 1.6 .2 1.6 .2 1.6 2 1.6

local (i) .3 .1 .1 .1 1 A .8 1 .8 All elheg 5.8 16.7 1.0 70.9 7.4 191 7.4 11.2 8.5 19 3

I Less then 110 million,

/ Lest than 0.06 peecent

t In addition to regular schools, these figures include other elementiry and wend

ary schools, such is resoleoltol schools for esceptional rrddiln, federal yowls

for Indians, led/11, °Petaled segmentary and secootdry schools on posts, and

sobcollegiete daparlmenls al colleges. See tootedile 3 ol Pmts.:ling talk NOTE. - t ePlanations at data are as follows. Data sources

Data we based on statistics shown in U S Otesitmenl of Health, Education. and

MONO. 011ica of I &Kilian publications- "Stalistics of Stale School Sydems,'

196142. 196368,1965.66, and 196748: "Statistics of Public Schools," f all 1964.

1965. 1966.1167. 1968,1969.1170, and 1971, manual Stalostcy of Milker (dace

Ion:* 196546. 196647. 116748, and 1968-611, **Nigher education finances;

Selected hand and Weimar, Dale. and ageputilahmi data in No OtIce

(ducal....

Definitions

tots espondileges ore deltoid as We eiptadMire el all money Nolo bolts loans

and grants and escluae only tbil lends used tot reducing debt E wow:Mures Iron

flidwal, Stine, and local swan age debase as onsulolional eepeaddwes of all

grants but nol loans; el funds reamed from those owes. Espenollurey from au

other ounces include all fonds received by the sisbletions Met WM not medico

as a NOM tram f Werol. State. and total governments. Loans Nom any ;some an

23

Included in Miscalegory, (II was atheists./ NW in 1972 about $10 million in f sepal

loans lc insIdehoos el higher education were included in the "all Ohm- castor,

shown bare )

Since the looping deboolions are aimed al showing *owes of foods through

the eyes of educational onsliNtions, the Federal homes shown in this table ago

&Wiwi from the ones Wimp in the cliaple on federal funds lot education. The

dim mein lessons are as follows

Ill Dieegeol item; ers included. for 'sample. the Pekoes f edetal hods show

giants end loons to odunduals, which would show up in nisbliolionel accounts as e

aced' Own toilion or weliary winces. or they may be spent Mr booed and room

outside the onsklulma and not be a receipl it the institution from any source

121 The same dem; may be handled chfleiontly. Is swmple, the bibles On

I Wm.{ hinds show only basic memo% tor lostilebons of highei education, whole

the institutions include some applied research granis Isom tilt IsdeelGoyeinineol stovi3iisi blabselesmonshowfmisiezoostidsitatestr shoo obleatimt lands, weds OM on.

The toll ospendilmes shown hem were eslimaled accoodsog lo the Waal

slow... tootnele 1 of the Preceding lab*. The breakdown by select it funds was

eshroated by first Wresting oomph lo equate them with expondituies, and then

assuming a continuation of Ike trend in the awned of receipts Item each WICe

f waling incepts Is espendihires oes accomplished mainly by include*, loans and

micludiag Me 'receipts that wets sited log 1404cho* of debt,
Educational Expenditures as a Percentage

of the Gross National Product

Total expenditures for public and nonpublic

schools at all levels of education from kindergarten

through the graduate school amounted to an estimated $83.8 billion during the 1971-72 school

year. This outlay more than doubles the $40 billion

spent only seven years earlier and is nearly ten

times the $8.8 billion expended in 1949-50in

neither case allowing for changes .4 the purchasing

power of the dollar over these periods. The rapid

rise of educational expenditures in recent years

reflects the growth of the schoolage population as

well as the increased efforts of the Nation to provide quality education for its young people.

The accompanying chart measures the country's

efforts to support education since 1929-30 by

comparing expenditures with the gross national

product (GNP). The GNP, which is calculated by

the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department

of Commerce, "represents the total national output of goods and services at market prices. it

measures this output in terms of the expenditures

by which the goods and services are acquired. The

expenditures comprise purchases of goods and

services by consumers and government, gross

private domestic investment, and net exports of

goods and services." GNP thus constitutes a convenient yardstick by which one may appraise the

level of educational expenditures.

The percentage of the gross national product

that went for education has varied widely over the

past 40 years. Educational expenditures were relatively high in the mid-1930's, exceeding four percent of the GNP in 1933-34. They later declined

to a low point of 1.$ percent during the war year of

1943-44. Except for a brief period during the

Korean conflict when the annual investment in

education tended to stabilize. there has been a

steady increase in the proportion of the GNP spent

for education ever since the end of World War II.

Expenditures in 1971-72 were at an all-time high,

both in terms of actual dollars and as a percentage

of the gross national product (8.0 percent). In table

25 both dollar expenditures and percentages of

the GNP are traced for the period 1929-30 to

1971-72.

W. VANCE GRANT,

specialist in educational statistics

Figure 4,Totat expenditures for education as a percentage of the gross national product:

United States, 1929-30 to 1971-72

Percent

8

7-

6-

5

4

3

2-1

3 -

0

1129-30 193546 1941-42 1947-48

24

1953-54

1 1959-60

1

1965-66 1971-72
Table 24.-Eopendituves for education, including caplial

°allay, by level of iln4111C440411 and by 4pps of coigne,:

Untied S481,06,1,6748

tin thousands of dollars]

Npendolutes, by level of misfit:noon Total

2

Publicly

controlled

I

Purnell controlled

4 All levels (elementary,

secondary, higher)7 157,213.374 $45.454.599_$11.751.775

Cultent nape nd dor es (Including interest) 48.931.527 38.103.821 10,027.706

Capitaloullay or plan! expansion 8.281.847 6.550,778 1,731,069 Elementary and secondary schools'. . 37,007.731 32,983224 4,LC4,015

Current espendderes (including

invent , 32,232,74! 28,727,933 3,504,108 Capital outlay. 4,771.918 a.nd,791 7519.207 Kindergarten through grade Is 23,411,762 70.866.098 2.545.664 Grades 9-12 and posigooduate , 13.595,976 12,117,626 1.471,350 Oilier elementary and secondary school's 300.000 200.000 1410,000 Nights education (excluding sub.

collegiate deputmentsla . 19,905,635 12,270,875, 3634,760

Current expenditures . 16298.786 9,975 ,088 6,422.898

!ducal/anal and general 13,108.420 8.137.659 4.970.761 Ausohaly enterprises . 2,577.941 1.511.314 1,066.627 audent-aid ism:Wises 712,425 326,915 385.510 Espenditures nom plaid lends, 3.506,849 2294,987 1.211,862

Includes an estimate for "other elementary and secondary schools such es

resdenlial schools for ocepbonal children., *doll schools for Indians, Womb

epesalep elementary and secondary schools on pests, and subcollegiate depart.

minis 01 institutions of higher education. Data have been revised since originally

published.

Eicludes eopendderos far lie "Aber *dunk described le 'PON* 1

(sheeted on the bans ol espeoditore pet teacher in public elementary end

secondary schools,

Includes coolie outlay of $169,146,1611 by Stale and local schoolhousing

authorities. s Dislotionmn between padereeps diindargarien-grade 8, erodes 9.12 and postpatent) estimetod on Ike assumption that the col per pupil on grades 9-12 is

50 percent higher than in grades 14.

o Intones schools el nursing not albhated with colleges and universdieS.

(*dodo an estomated $668 million *upended for plod eopension dually from

current lends (6437 mullion by publicly controlled and 1231 million by pronely

controlled uniolutions of higher education),

SOURCES: U.S. Depailmenl of Health. Education, and dielfaie. Oboe of Edinalipu,411Mosius of Slate School Systems, 196741"; "Financial Stetislus ol Innskolpirs of Nigher [dualism, 196768": unpublished dots available rn the Oboe of

Education: rod U.S. Depotonent of the Intent , Sumo el tonna Aeon.

25

Table 25.-Gross national produce related to Iola

expendioures7 for education: United Stales,

1929a0 to 1971.72 Gross Espenditures for educationnational School As a Calendar year product year Tafel lig% (*nom ol

in molliono thousandsi cress notional prated

1 2 3 4 5

1929 $103,095 1929-30 $3.233.601 3.1 1931 .. . 75.820 1931.32 2.966.464 3 9

1933 . 55.601 1933 -34 2294,896 41

1935. . 72.247 1935 36 2.649,914 3.7 1937 90.445 1937.38 3,011.074 3.3 1939 90.494 193940 3.199,593 3.5

1941 124,540 194142 3203.548 7.6

1943 191,592 1943.44 3,522.007 1.8

1945 212,010 1945-46 4.167.597 2.0

1947 231,323 1947-48 6,574,379 2.8

1949 . 256,484 194950 8.715,635 3.4

1951 . 328,404 1951.52 11.312.446 3.4

1953 364,593 1953.54 13,949,876 3.8

1955 397.960 1455-56 16,811.651 4.2

1957 441,134 195745 21,119,565 4.8

1959 . 483,650 1959-60 24,722.464 5 1

1961 . 520.t09 1968.62 29.366.305 5.6

1963, 510,503 1963.64 36,010210 61

1965 614,884 196546 45,397,713 Ca

196) . 793,927 1967.61 57,283,374 7.2 1969... 9302114 1969-70 '70,000,000 7 5 1971. 1,050,356 1971.72 ' 83.800,000 80

*Includes espeeditu es of public and nonpublic schools o1 ell levels 04 education

ielemantary, secondary, and higher educaiionl,

fibmilt*O. riDTE. Beginning with 1951.60 school year, includes Alaska and Hanoi.

SOURCES. U.S Department ol Health, Education, and dello,. Once ol (dues

lion, Biennial Survey of Education in the United States". "Statistics el Slate

School Systems': "(manual Statistics of loslotulions of Pother [doubloon"; and

nnlinblislted data. U S. Depoilment of Commerce, Buren of Economic Analysis.

"Survey 01 Centel Business," August 1965. July 1971, and Jody 1972.
Expenditures of State and Local Governments

Education is by far the largest item in the budget

of State and local governments, according to a

recent survey by the Bureau of the Census. The

study. which covers the year 1969-70, found that

40 percent of Stale and local expenditures were for

education. This was more than three times the

outlay for highways. the second largest item in their

budget.

State and local governments spent $131.3 billion

in 1969-70, including $52.7 billion for education.

Educational expenditures consisted of $37.5 billion

for local schools (primarily public elementary and

secondary schools), $12.9 billion for institutions

of higher education, and $2.3 billion for other

educational purposes. Other major expenditures of

State and local governments included the following:

highways, $16.4 billion; public welfare, $14.7

billion; health and hospitals, $9.7 billion; police

and fire protection. $6.5 billion: financial ad.

ministration and general control, $4.7 billion: and

interest on the general debt, $4.4 billion. The

accompanying chart provides a distribution of

governmental expenditures by function.

All the figures cited above relate to "direct general" expenditures: that is, they exclude expenditures resulting from the operation by State and

local governments of utilities, stores, and insurance

and retirement systems. For additional information,

the reader may wish to consult the Bureau of the

Census study, Governmental Finites in 1969-70

(Series GF70, No. 5). The report may be purchased

for 60 cents from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.

W. VANCE GRANT,

specialist in educational statistics

26
Table 26.--Diroct expenditures of State and local never nmants for all function's

and for education, by per capita amount and percent of per capita intorno:

1969.70

Slate Pee voila

personal

. income,

1969 '

1 2 United States $3,708 Alabama 2,664 Alaska 4,223

. Arizona 3.319 Arkansas 2,116 California 4,214 Colorado 3,519 Connecticut 4,606 Delaware 4,205

ristrkl of Columbia 4,908 Florida 3,394

Georgia 3,153 Hawaii 4,097

Idaho 3,038

Illinois 4,279

lodiona 3,716

Iowa 3.532 Kansas 3.639 Kentucky 2,681 Louisiana 2.064 Maine 3,010

Maryland 3,991

Massachusetts 0158

Michigan 4,075 Minnesota 3,595

Mississippi 2,370 Missouri 3,478 Montana 3.170 Nebraska 3,59t Nevada 4,264

New Hampshire 3,418

New Jersey 4,288

New gado 2,877 New York 4,470 North Carolina 2,989 North Dakota 3,006 Ohio 3.82/ Oklahoma 3.688 Oregon 3,528

Pennsylvania 3,688

- Rhode Island 3.705 South Carolina 2.716 South Dakota 2,987 Tennessee 2,682 Texas 3,321

IRO 2,976

. Vermont 3,62

Virginia 3,2351 Washinglon 3,924

West Virginia 2.738 Wisconsin 3.495 Wyoming 3,380

Direct general expenditures. 1989 79 All functions Education Amount per

capita Percent of per

capita

Income t Amount per

capita Percent Of percapita

income t 3 4 S 6

$546.31 173 $259.43 7.0

504.16 18.9 200.29 7.5

1,350.22 32.0 439.21 10.4

629.41 19.0 310.89 9.4

473.12 18.1 177.63 6.8

841.08 20.0 286.23 6.8

540.58 182 295.80 8.4 678.37 14.7 257.23 5.6

790.38 118 355.66 'IS

1,006.87 20.5 261.22 5.3

527.57 I

15.5 228.96 6.7

547.00 17.3 227.42 7.2

1,039A7 25.4 343.10 8.4

590.62 19.4 237.34 7.8

602.55 14.1 258.71' 6.0

515.97 13.9 274.51 7.4 644.39 18.2 300.68 8.S

607.56 16.7 279.40 7.7 534.10 18.5 222.58 7.7

564.87 MI '209.39 7.3 551.60 18.3 212.89 7.1 671.99 16.8 286.47 7.2

668.04 17.0 214.18 6.3

677.21 16.6 314.21 7.8

728.08 20.3 335.02 9.3

523.59 22.1 195.91 8.3

551.37 15.9 231.55 6.7

675.37 21.3 268.69 8.5

575.05 16.0 257.95 7.2

850.85 20.0 278.15 6.5

537.05 15.7 22L81 5.6

604.01 14.1 236.84 5.5 670.18 23.3 321.63 11.2 919.35 20.6 305.69 6.8

464.35 15.5 214.05 7.2 656.82 21.9 285.77 9.5 535.38 14.0 223.48 5.8

575.87 18.6 225.05 7.3

692.66 19.6 311.93 8.8

597.27 16.2 241.85 6.6 617.63 16.7 227.40 6.1 456.80 161 220.04 8.1 638.47 21.4 296.06 9.9

497.23 17.3 200.53 7.0

502.99 15.1 218.31 6.6

635.67 21.4 320.95 118

724.22 22.2 292.97 9.0

521.83 15.6 232.87 6.9

759.39 19A 336.98 8.6

558.16 20.4 226.98 8.3

692.24 19.8 309.10 11.8 875.99 25.9 360.80 10.7

I Percentages were computed by the Onite of Education.

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, "Survey or Current Business,"

August 1972; and Bureau of the Census, "Governmental Finances in 1969.70." Series G670, (to. 5.

27
Chapter H

Elementary and Secondary Education

The United States has gone a long way toward

providing universal elementary and secondary edu

cation for its citizens. While regulations differ

somewhat from one jurisdiction to another, it may

be said in general that free public education is

available to all and that school attendance is compulsory between the age of 7 and 16. A school

dropout before the age of 16 is becoming a rarity

in this country, and the great majority of young

people graduate from high school.

Elementary and secondary education is offered

by some 65,800 public elementary schools, 25,400

public secondary schools, 14,400 nonpublic elementary schools, and 3,800 nonpublic secondary

schools. The largest segment of the school population is found in public schools. Pupils in the regular

public school system account for about 89 percent

of the total enrollment in kindergarten through

grade 8, and for 91 percent of the total in grades

9 through 12. Enrollment in nonpublic schools,

which grew at a rapid pace in the 1950's and

early 1960's, has tended to decline somewhat in

recent years. Today about 1 pupil in 10 is enrolled

in a nonpublic (churchrelated or nonsectarian)

school.

The Office of Education obtains statistics each

fall from the State departments of education on the

pupils, teachers, instruction rooms, and estimated

expenditures of public elementary and secondary

day schools. These data are usually available within

about 5 months after the opening of the school

year. More comprehensive statistics on the organization, staff, pupils, and finances of public schools

are collected biennially from the same sources. The

data from the two surveys are published in Fall

Statistics of Public Elementary and Secondary Day

Schools and Statistics of State School Systems, respectively. In these two publications emphasis is

placed upon State and national totals. To secure

data on pupils, staff, and finances at the local

level, the Office of Education conducts a survey of

Statistics of Local Public School Systems. The

local school study is published annually in two

parts.

In recent years the Office of Education has expanded its coverage of nonpublic schools with the

publication of Statistics of Nonpublic Elementary

and Secondary Schools. Valuable information on

these schools has also been made available by

the State education agencies, the National Catholic

Educational Association, and the Bureau of the

Census.

Since much of the instruction in vocational education takes place at the secondary school level,

statistics on enrollment in and expenditures for

vocational education are also included in this

chapter. More detailed information in this area

is contained in the annual reports on Vocational

and Technical Education issued by the Office of

Education.

Other recurring reports of the Office of Education which have appeared at less frequent Intervals

are the studies of public secondary day schools,

offerings and enrollments in high school subjects,

and special education for exceptional children. The

most recent statistics from each of these surveys,

supplemented by estimates where appropriate, are

summarized in the tables which follow.

In general, the statistics in this chapter relate

to 48 States and the District of Columbia through

the school year 1957-58. Data for 1959-60 and

subsequent years include both Alaska and Hawaii.

Any deviation from this rule is clearly indicated in

the tabular presentation,
Table 27.--Enrollment In full-time public elementary and secondary day schools, by level and by State:

Tali 1971 and fah 1972

Slate Fall 1971 ran 19721 Tata! Kindergarten

through grade 8 Grades 9-12 and postgraduate Total Kindergartenthrough grade 8 Grades 9-12 and postgraduate

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 United States 46.081,112 32.264,992 13.816.120 45.900,000 11.000,000 14.100,000 Alabama 806,315 568,3% 237.919 799.000 556,000 243,000 Alaska 84.381 61,675 22,706 88.000 64,000 24,000 Arizona 464.470 331,105 133,373 474,000 334,000 140,000 Arkansas 461,260 325,969 135,291 459,000 321,000 130.000 California 4,601,550 3,166,351 1,435,199 4.575,000 3,107,000 1,468,000 Colorado 564,502 395,444 168.858 566.000 393,000 173,000 Connecticut 666,867 483,836 183,031 665,000 479,000 186.000 Delaware 135.013 94.691 40,322 137.000 95.000 42,000 District 00 Columbia 142.512 109,874 32.630 142,000 108,000 34,000 Florida 1.479,504 1.032,505 445,999 1,408,000 1.026,000 462,000 Camilla 1,093,407 769,493 323,914 1.079.000 749,000 330,000 Hawaii 103,654 130,209 53,365 1E2,000 127.000 55,000

Idaho 195.114 125.223 59,891 185,000 124,000 61.000

Illinois 2,379,646 1.699,219 680,428 2,377,000 1.683.000 494.000

Indiana 1,230,796 866,813 363,983 1,225,000 054.400 371,000 owa 652,940 451,670 199.284 644,000 444,000 200,000 Kansas 503,403 346,340 157,063 505.000 347,000 159.000 Kentucky 720,309 508,932 211.377 717,000 501.000 216,000

Louisiana 1 951,074 619,045 232,029 847,000 610,000 237,000 Maine 246,406 177,552 68,854 246.000 175.000 11.000 Maryland... 922.051 661.920 260,123 926,000 660,000 266,000

hfassachusalls,. 1,191.179 038,069 353,110 1,190,000 029,000 361,000

Michigan 2,212,985 1,502.616 710,369 2.214.000 1,489,000 725,000 hlinnrsola 913.955 627,456 286.499 911,000 619,000 292,000

Mississippi 529,366 382,949 146.417 514,000 369,000 145,000 Missouri 1.023,374 724.917 290.457 1.016,000 711,000 305.000 Montana 1 179.479 1122,033 1 56,446 179.000 121,009 58,000 Nebraska 332,375 230,659 109.716 326.000 223.000 103,000 Nevada 130,186 94042 36,144 133,000 95,000 30,000

New Hampshire 164,102 116,626 47,476 167,000 118.000 49,000

New Jersey \

1,497,841 1.058,768 439.073 1,498.000 1.049.400 450,000

New Weak, 284,948 200,315 84,633 283.000 197,000 86,000 New York 3,519,905 2,455,596 1.064,309 3,501,000 2,412,000 1.089,000 North Carolina 1,176.308 820,497 355.911 1,149.000 701,000 358,000 North Dakola 144,419 97,557 46,862 143.000 95,000 49000 Milo 2.4311.743 1.997,512 741.231 2.424,000 1,660,000 756,000 Dklithoma .1 625,740 431.612 199.128 623,000 431,000 112000 Dragon 470,502 322252 156,250 477,000 310,000 191,000

Pennsylvania 2.370,665 1.621,016 748,849 2,354,400 1,594.000 760,000 Rhode Island 190.696 136,343 54.353 189,000 134.000 55.000 baulk Carolina 648.643 460.481 188.162 637,000 447,000 190.000 South Dakota 165,257 113,150 52.117 162.000 108,000 54,000 Tennessee 897.598 639.287 259,311 887.000 625,000 262,000 Texas 2.811.700 2.006,400 805,300 2.796,000 1,973,000 823.000

Jtah 305,746 212,603 93,143 304,000 210.000 94,000 Vermont A 105,340 76,411 28,929 106.000 76.000 30.000 Virginia 1.074,073 764,866 309,207 1,065,000 749,000 316,000

Nashinglen 805,049 556,913 240.136 801,000 549,000 252,000

Ned Virginia 403.377 283.862 119.515 393.000 277,000 121.000 Nisconsin 999,92! 615,159 321,762 1,003.000 670.400 333.000 Wyoming 110.0 ...5z6e8 26,762 124,000 97,000 27,000

Outlying arms 763,4011 590.334 145,074 758,000 51111.000 101,000 -I American Santos 0.018 6,013 2,005 11,000 COW 2.000 anal lone 1 13,120 9,528 3,592 13,000 9,000 1,000

hum 26.000 20,242 5,7511 26.000 20.000 6,000 Puerta Rico 697.410 547,106 150,224 692,000 539,000 153,000

Virgin Islands 10,860 14,365 3,495 99,000 15,000 4.000

I

1

1

i

I

1 Estimated. S011RCE: U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,"Fall 1971 Statistics of Public Salmis"; and Office of Education estimates.

30
Table 28.--Enrellment by grads 0 in full-time public elementary and secondary day schools: United States, 1960.61 to 19711.n Grade 1960.61r 1961-62 l%2.63 r 1963.641 1964.651 1965.66 _ __.

7 1966.671

.__ ._

8 1967.681 _ ..._. I 2 3 4 5 9 __ ___6 Number, in thousands

All grades 37,260 38,253 [ 39,746 41,025 42,280 42,835 43,898

----- . _ 44,742 Kindergarten grade 8 28.439 28,686 29.374 29,915 30,o51 31,177 31.766 32,254 Kindergarten 2.000 2.055 2.152 2,177 2.250 2.328 2,411 2.479 1st grade 4(3.822) 3,857 3.928 4.023 4.014 4,097 4,092 4.116

2d grade 3.502 4(3.5681 3.630 3,705 3.800 3.766 3,828. 3.848 3d grade 3,4115 3.428 4(3,518) 3.560 3,662 3.741 3,743 3,786

4111 grade 3,2/8 3.343 3,391 '(3.467) 3.523 3.609 3,706 3.705 51h grade 3,131 3,218 3,332 3.366 4(3,465) 3,504 3.581 3,687

6th grade 3.095 3,065 3,190 3,299 LW '(3,433) 3.492 3.572 7th grade.. ...... .... 3.123 3,122 3.1413 3,241 3.363 3,406 (3,52& 3.580 8th grade 3,09s 3.021 3.083 3,077 3.212 3.293 3,385 4(3,481i

Grades 9.12 and postgraduale 8,821 9,566 10,372 11.110 11.628 11,658 12,132 12.488 9th grade ... 2,750 3,156 3.372 3.190 3.198 3,307 3,412 3.520 10th grade... ........ 2,252 2,595 2,981 3,006 3,085 3,057 3,173 3,344

11th grade 1.997 2,018 2)48 2,747 2,778 2,778 2,849 2,990

12111 grade 1.820 1,791 1,866 2,160 2,560 2)11 2.641 2,618

Postgraduate 2 7 5 6 7 5 7 16 Pe cent All grades 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Kindergarten-grade 8 76.3 75.0 73.9 72.9 72.5 72,8 72.4 72.1 Kindergarten 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.5 1st grade 10.3 10.1 9.9 9.8 9.5 9.6 9.4 9.2 2d grade 9.4 9,3 9.1 9,0 9.0 8.8 8.7 8.6 3d grade 9.1 9.0 8.9 8,7 8.7 8.7 8.5 8.5 4th grade 8.8 8.7 8.5 8,0 8.3 8.4 8.4 8.3 5th grade 8.4 8.4 8,4 8.2 81 8.2 82 82

6th grade 8.3 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0

71h grade 8.4 8.2 7.9 7.9 to to 8.0 8.0

8111 grade 8.3 7.9 7.8 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.7 7.8 Grades 9.12 and postgraduate 23.7 25,0 26.1 271 27.5 27.2 27.6 27.9

918 grade 7.4 8.2 8.0 7.8 7.5 7.7 7.8 7.8

10111 grade 6.9 6.8 7,5 7.3 7.3 7.1 7.2 7.5 11th grade 5,4 5.3 5.9 6.7 6.6 6.5 6.6 6.7 12th grade 4.9 4.7 4,7 5.3 6.1 5.9 6.0 5,9

Postgraduate (4) 01 (3) (3) 19 (3) (1) (4

k Enrollment in unstatIld and spi ciatciasses is not shown separately bul Is prorated

among the grades.

I Data derived from special studies or estimates. 1 Eslimaled from tall data. Figures in parentheses, shown in normal progression. indicate enrollments in

successive grades of the pupils who entered the first grade in 1960-61, including

retarded and accelerated pupils. Because of retardtion, school retention ales. should eel be calculated directly from first-grade enrollment.

31

1968.691 1969.701 1970.711 1971.721 ___ _ ___ _ -""12

10 11 12 13

- -- - - - .- -- - - - 45,843 45,531 46,628

32.871 33,249 33.229

. ._

2,577 2,653 2,610

4,082 4.026 3,985

3.918 3.876 3,817 3,844 3,883 3.827 3,777 3.820 3.841 3.716 3,777 3)98

3.701 3,721 3.761 3,696 3,825 3.827

3,560 3,668 3.763

12,972 13,282 13,599

4(3.647) 3.708 3,810

3,441 (3,541) 3,606

3,106 3,171 '(3.261) 2.760 2,841 2.893

18 21 29

47,002

32.910,

2,533

3,737 3,75$

3,781 3.792

3.83.3 3,791 3.883

3,805

14.092

3,969

3,748 3,360

9,005/ 10

100.0 100.0 100.9 100.0_

71.7 71.5 71.0 70.0

5.6 5.7 5.6 5.4 81 8.7 OA ILO

8.5 8.4 82 8.0

8.4 8.3 8.2 8.0

8.2 8.2 8.2 8.3

8.1 8.1 8.1 82

8.1 8.0 8.0 8.1 8.1 82 8.2 8,3

7.8 7.9 8.0 8.1 28.3 28.5 29.0 30.0 8.0 8.0 11 8.1

7.5 7.6 7.7 8.0

6.8 61 6,9 7.1 6.0 6.1 62 6.4

(3) (') .1 el

Less than 0 05 percent.

NOM-Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals,

SOURCE: U.S. Departinen1 01 Health, Education, and Welfare. Office 01 Education.

"Slaistics of Stale School Systems, 1969-70", and Office of Education estimates.
Table 29.x- Enrollment. attendance. and length of school term in public

elementary and secondary day schoots, by State: 196940

Slate Enrollment t Average

dusty

membership

ori0M1

Average

daily

attendance

((LOA) ADA as percent of enrollment

-. ADA as percent of ADP

Average

length of

term in days

Average number of days attended

pet pupil

mow

1 2 3 a S 6 7 8 United States 46.316.743 44,719.200 41434.376 90.4 931 178,9 161.7 Alobama 850,157 119.717 777.123 911 94.4 175.2 160.2 Alaska

1 84.901 7b.990 72,181 85.4 942 175.8 153.5 81i70na. 460.125 417.441 391,524 851 934 175.0 /48.9 Arkansas 461.845 416.476 414298 89.7 911 )4 0 164.6 California 0 4.547,70) 4.5'0.000 *4111,423 '96.1 ' 97.3 1701 ' 171.1

:doted° 567,042 534209 501,388 88.2 93.7 179.0 158.0

ronnecticut 655,084 rat 618,881 94.5 1 180.0 170.1 Rolawate 136,131 129.345 124,819 89.7 931 179.0 160.5 Ristrict of Columbia ' 169,054 168,098 0 138.600 13.0 93.6 '1821 169.2 Florida 1.515298 1,408,067 1)12,693 86.6 93.2 100.0 155,9 Coups 1,148461 1,097.831 1.019,427 88.8 92.9 1113.0 159.1 Hawaii 178.564 174,612 160,160 942 9'.6 179.0 168.6

Idaho 187.590 eg1 170,920 91.1 0) 180.5 1661

Illinois s 2.324,516 2.239.714 2.084.846 89.7 93.1 177.0 161.1

Indiana ° 1,223.747 1,167169 1.711,043 90.8 95.2 175.6 159.2

Iowa 0650109 659.388 626.403 91.5 94.7 180.0 170.2 Kansas 549112 496.331 670,296 051 94.8 179.4 1'3.6

Kentucky 773,167 691,617 647.970 89.5 93.7 114.5 156.2

Louisiana 884.469 842,513 776.556 A7.8 972 179.2 157.4 Mains 741,198 231.171 225.146 93.3 44.2 178.0 166-1 Maryland 926,257 857,289 785.981 05.0 91.7 182.7 155.4 Massachusells 41.147,56I 1.142,222 1,456207 420 92.5 181.0 1661 Michigan 42,/64,386 1o) 1,991,235 92.0 4) 180.0 165.6 Minnesota 934,032 913,089 116 ,595 92.6 44.7 176.6 163.5 Mississippi 593.033 558.679 526,423 88.5 93.9 175.8 156.5 Missouri 1178.347 ist 906,132 840 4so 174,0 146.2 Montana 180,211 171.700 167.664 90.3 44.7 180.7 163.1 Nebraska 342,875 329.036 314.516 91.7 95.6 1781 161.1

Itmoda s 123,691 122,300 113.421 91.7 82.7 180.0 165.0 New Homoshire

1 157,960 149,365 160,203 88.8 934 179.9 159.7

lee Jersey 1,532,791 1148,054 1.322.124 86.3 91.3 r 181.1 156.2 Now Mexico 279.348 215,425 259.947 93.1 44.4 190.0 167.5

lee Yotk 3,513,432 3143,547 3,099.192 88.2 10.0 174.7 158.5 North Catolona 1,217,024 1371,260 1,104,295 90.7 44-3 180.0 163.3 North Dakota 153,721 147,263 161.961 92.3 961 110.4 166.6 DAM 2.623,131 2.391,694 2246282 922 93.7 180.1 166.9

Ilklahents 642,584 605.072 560,993 17.3 421 175.0 1621

Oregon 697103 666,461 436.736 111.8 43.6 178.0 156.2 Pennsylvania 2.30,30 2.326,832 2.169,225 90.9 93.2 1111.4 164.9 Rhode Island 186,637 177.6111 163,205 171 91.9 180.0 1571 South Carolina 666,673 639,654 600,292 90.0 9341 1101 162.1 South Dakota 172116 165.467 1511143 91.8 95.0 177.0 163.3 Tennessee 916.862 880,172 835.010 912 95.0 176.0 160.5

rums 2,728,007 2.591,759 2,432120 89.2 43.6 1752 156.2

lilah 312,147 302,278 287,405 92.1 95.1 180.1 165.11 Vermont 101262 97,783 97)77 95.6 100.0 17/.6 166.6 Virginia 1,108423 1,063244 995,580 1191 93.6 180.5 162.1 Washington 120.412 (I 764,735 932 el 180.0 167.1 West Virginia 612.551 395,924 372278 102 84.0 1111.1 163.4 WisconsM 900164 930.261 880101 89.9 44.7 1841 162.0 Uvalde' 84160 15,426 81,293 440 t1 1.80.0 169.3 Ob11111118 mess: I Canal 2one . 16.13$ 16,184 13.656 96.6 96.2 176.0 170.0 Guam 23,554 21,792 20.315 i I 86.2 432 171.6 153.2 Enrollmenl figures for 4 given Slate include pepil4 who enrolled lot Ilse tote linto

in the United Stales doting the school you end pupils who were previously

enrolled in another State.

Naiades estimate for the tooemporting States.

Enrollmonl not comulativo but as of a specific dote.

Not strictly teromble with those of other States because attendance *gores

*ludo siaind absences and rentolinionl is nol cumulative.

00am tot 196741 school sm.

32

Data not mailable.

Estimated by let OThat of Education.

110 minimum.

gata hem mutual State repot.

s Date for 196346 school year.

SOURCE: U.S. boositmonl 41 Wealth, Education. and Waller/. Olke of Education.

"Statistics of Stabs School Syslems.1969-70."
Toblo 30.-Ago romps foe compulsory pled pormIssivo school attoodonco, by Stator 1%3

Slate

Compulsory attendance age ranter Permissive attendance I State

1

Compulsory

age ranger 2

Permissive attends Mmemurn

3

cos oftsimuen 4

a Minimum Maximum' 1 2 3 a Alabama, 7.16 6 (by Oct.)) .... . 0) Montsna 7.16 6 21 Masks 746 6 (by Nov. 2) .... 14) Nebraska ... 7.16 6 (by Oct 15) 21 Mama._ . 614113161. 846

7.16 6 (by Jan. 1)..

6 (by Oct. I) ... 2121 haida

New itimpshoe.

MT

6.16

6 My Oec. 311

01 . 441 01 California 846 531 (by Sept. 1) . 0)

Now Jersey -. - 6.16 S . .. .. .. . 20 Colorado 746 6 . 21 Now Mexico . . 6-1? 0) . 14$ Connecticut . . . 746 6 . 0) New York . 7.16 5 (by Dec.11. 21 Mfaware. 746 6.. ... , 21 Not* totem* . 746 6 (by Oct. 2) . 71 District of Columbia , 7.16 6 (by Nov. 1) .. .. id) North Dakota . 7.16 6 (by Oct, 31) 21 Fonda 7.16 1% 0)

Ohio..... . . 6.18 6 , , . 21 Georgia 7.16 6. . 19 Oklahoma ... 7.18 6 My Nov, 11 21

ramie_ . 6-16 6 (by Dec. 31). .. (') Oregon . . 7.18 6 My Nov, 15) 21

Idaho 7.16 6 (by Oct. 16) .... 21 Pennsylvania 847 6 iby Feb. 1) . 21 Morns 7-16 6 (by Dm. 1). . . 21 Rhode Island 746 0) ..... . i4i Indiana 7.16 (4) ..... ...... . 161 South Carolina

*7111 6. ... . 21 AIM 7.16 6 (by Sepl. 11). 21 South Dakota , 6 (by Nov. 11 . 21 Camas ..... . 746 6 My Sept, I) .. . 0) Tennessee 7.17 6 (by Dec. 311 . . 01

Iteolucky 7.16 6 tby Dec. 31) . ...... 21 Imo_ . 7.17 6 (by monomial school 21 Alibiing' 7.16 6 (within 4 months al 0) yew).

b e g i m g a s of firm), Utah. . 6-18 6, , , 18 Melee 747 6 (by WAS)... .. . . 21 Vermont , . , . 746 6 tby Mc 1) 18 Maryland 21 Mimes .. ' 7.16 P 7 . ... 20 Ossachusotts 746 01 . . . . . - . 0) Washington 8.16 6 . . 21 Michigao 6-16 $ (by 1st day of sae° 1 01 West ihrtimi 7.16 6 (by Nov -1) 21 yew). Wisconsin 7-16 6 My Dec 1). 20 Minnesota 7.16 6 6 . - .... 21 Wyoming. .. . 7-17 6 (by Sept. 151 . 21 dissi$10111 6 (Mimi) (4)

Outlyhig arm: Missouri 746 6 (by Oct. 11.. 20 Puerto Rico ... 5-16 5 , . 16 Too age spar, for permissive school attendance rotors in most cases lo the age

imp *Mon which poisons We Willed to tree public education in the dome,-

tory sad secondary grain. Saporito provisions which apply to persons at kinderodes, nursery school... i11410. COMO age ore eel socketed in Ibis mm11011611.

1118ny Stales hove special provisions for children who hove completed ratan

Wet of education (usually Om 816 guide or mow) and who ors employed.

Some States heva special provisions for indicant and disabled persons. Also, the

ambits: io a hew Slates provide thol ea Potion shall he deprived of Mucabooal

opportunities by reason of sp.

Not speedier) in the statutes.

A school board may exclude children under 6.

II law is adopted locally.

A school board may sdmil children who have reached their 6111 birthday on or

belore Sept. 30.

SOURCE: U.S- Department of Health. Educoboo, and Welfare. 011ice of Education. "State Law on Compulsory Attendants

Tab% 11Earrillsnesst lie eptados 4.12 lo public used soopublic schools compared with

populatlso 14-17 voiles of ago: United Motes, to fall 1471

School Prot Emellmeol. grain 9-12 andpostmadostel PepulatiOn

la 17 years

el age,

total number enrolled per IN) persons 1447

yeast

ol age

School year

Enrollment, groan 942 and

postgraduates Population

la-17 years

of ogee

701.1 number enrolled

per 100

poisons

14-17 mils

01 age

AR

ocbosts

, Public

schOoN Nonpublic

scicoN

-- - -

All schools Public

schools Nonpublicschools

1 2 3 4 S 6 1 2 3 --- - -i--- 4.----r--S -

6 ---

110-90 119.90 4 202.963 6 NM 5.334,653 6.7 1949.50 . 6,451,008 5,757.810 695.191 8.404.761 76.6 1180. 1900.... . 690,103 4 519.251 6110,797 6,152131 11.4 195142 6.596,311 5.117.384 676,967 8,516.0110 77.5 790140 ... . . 1.1H5,391 6 115.061 4 117,400 7220.291 15 4 1411-50 7,108,173 6.330.561 771,400 8,861,003 80.2

1119.211 2,160,176 4 2.20089 4 213,120 7,715,841 32.3 195346.. 7,775,971 6,117,790 1197.111$ 1.202.000 51.8

1121-30 4,804,255 64,399,472 66 341,159 9,341,221 53.4 1957.59.. . 11.161.186 7,105,40 963.717 10,111900 87.5 193940.... 7,121.001 6,635.337 487$72 1.7211911 73.3 1969-80...... 9,589.110 8.631.454 1.061.116 11.194,1179 81.1 1841-42... 6.931265 6.420,544 $12.721 9.741N00 71.1 116142.. . 10.718.972 9416,765 1.152217 1091900 In

1963-44 6,600,617 5,184,616 445,961 5,449,400 63.6 fall 1961 . 12216.496 10,135,536 1,311,160 11,446900 91.1 1911.46.... 6.237,133 1964.520 172,608 9.056900 MI fall 1161... 13.020123 11,457,10$ 1.363,011 14,139900 17,1 1147-48 6.6311,168 $975,137 629,231 8,641,000 71.3 RA 1961 .. 11,818,301 13904.301 61,130,000 15.555.010 13 I

Fall 19716.... 11226,000 13.06900 1.340,000 16242900 93.7

I A Unkso stbennise indicated, ;,eludes aorollotent ea orketirdiete departments sl

hiddellom .4 higher %Edo* and is tombola' 'dodo lot **tuitional cad.

drop. Ilositiout in 191440, also includes fedmal schools.

4Inchidos all perms rersithog is CM Mutat Stale, but occludes Armed forms

overseas. Ocla from So demonist genuses have Mao used when appropmete.

Other Mimes we Swam of the Comm estimates Net July 1 prommiong the openlog et Ow schwa mac

'fidgets enrollment m sukellegiele deparlromb of iostetulsons et higher educetam and 16 modestial school; be oximptionalcheldree.

33

4 Dots Per 1927-28. s Estio1M04,

6 helimmery dme.

NOTE,- llogoining m 191140. includes Alaska and learrio,

SOURCE: U.S Department of NeaRb, Limeys. and Welfare. 011ecil of Lima,

hon. "flonmal Survey ol Education in the boded SION." chapters an SIMestical

Sommary of Edocatioo; Sod unpublished data WIWI* m Of Olke of Utica's.
Table 32.44isterical summary of public elementary and secondary

Item

1 Population. pupils. and PM/lichen.' stall

Total population' (thousands 1

Population aged 5.17 years, inclusive t thousands. Percent of lolat population aged 5.17

1081 enrollment m elementary and secondary day schools thousands'

Nuisery, kindergarten, and grades 14 .thousands

Grades 9.12 and postgraduates 'thousands'

Percent of toot population enrolled

Percent of population 5.17 years enrolled

Percent ol total enrollment in high schools 'vanes 9.17 and posigitniuctesi

High school graduates !boson tst

Average daily atlendance (thousands'

Total number ol days attended by all pupils 'moiled thousondsi

Percent ol enrolled pupils attending daily

Average length Of Xfiaa i term in days.

Average number tit days attended by each pupil enrolled

soul insteuch000l staff ilhousondsi

Supervisors ithouonds

Puncrnals ;thousands( . . Teachers. hamper's, and other ithosupervisory Nish rntional slob t thousands. Aeon sthousondsi . Women (thousands' . Percent men . f Waste

Total ievenue receipts

From State tails and appthipothhons

from mierniediale and Meal lanes and appropriations

f morn all other sources . Percent ol revenue receipts derived ham

Stale lanes and appropriations

Inlermernate and local laces and approprialions All other sources

Iola' expenditures for all schools

Current expenditures lot elementary and seconds' y day schools

Cools! outlay

Interest on school debt Other expendolures 0

Portent of IMO ocpenditures devoted k

Curtail expenclituttm fot elementary sod secondary cloy schools

Comte) Outlay . ... . . . . Mimes' on school debt. Other expenddurts . Averop annual salary of total mstruclionol slob t . - Personal income' per member of the labor force t.. . Telill expenditure fee all schools per capita of total poputauen

Wolional ethernet per cam's of tolot population - - . - Carte.' eependiture per pupil on A.0 A . Total expenditure" tor dy schools per pupil in A.O.A

Naomi IIICOMO pee pupil rn A O.A. - Current esponaillue per day') per pogni rn Al) A

I Mal dupoodolum tot day schools per day per pupil in A 0.A.

Average I salary ol total inslructional Hoff

Petthool income per member of the labor theca . . Total eapeodoluto for all schools per capita of IMO population

Noliorial mimeo per capita of 10181 population .. Centel eSponditure pm pupil so A.O.A. . 1041 Meondithre lot day Wheals per pupil in ATEA

Notions' income pee pupil in A.D.A. . . ... . ... Commit expenditure par day psi pupil on ATEATotal eeponditute lei day schools pee day per pupil on A.O.A.

1869.70

2 1879-803 1889.90

4 1199.1900S 1909.10 6

1919-20

7

30.418 50.156 62,948 75.9% 90.497 104.512 17,055 15.066 18.541 21.573 74,009 77.556

30 3 10 0 295 71 4 76 1. 764

6.877 0,867 12,723 15.503 17,814 21.578 6.79; 9.7S7 12.570 144114 NAM 19.378

/go 110 703 119 915 7.700

17,3 197 702 704 19 7 20.6

57 0 65 5 68 6 71 9 la 7 74 3

l7 11 16 31 T. 1 101

22 67 111 731 4,077 6.144 8 154 10.633 17,877 16.150 539.053 800.720 1.098.733 1,534,871 7,011.477 7.615.161 59 3 623 641 611 6 771 741

137 7 101 134 7 144 3 157 5 161 9

78 4 81.1 863 990 113 0 121.2

671

7 14

701 287 364 473 521 657 78 121 126 177 118 93

123 164 238 296 111 S65

34 7 478 145 299 21.1 14.1 Amounts in thousands of dollars (smadtioled) 614 1,195 626.)45

697.222

619.627

6219.766

637,887

6149,4117 632,397

6433,064 664.605

8312,222

856,738

1170.170 61)4,279

6751.697 676.945

18.4 17.2 144 111 679 680 72.1 784

163.397 118,095 137

1140407

14.8 8214,465 130 6426250

1.0

11.036.141 111000 6179.614 6156272 $161,170

$26.297 635,461 669,11711 115)44)

_ . .._ 111,212

43,271

In 1 134 11.6 111 0.7 WS 16.4 141 11

.1 Oita in inadjoiled dollars

1 6161 1193 1217 sus PO 1871

i Si 196 2.23 2.1) S.71 ail

. "1191 "I6.67 517/1 14.32

15 SS 01 11.23 70-21 31.71 64.16

. - . . ii,lo soli "38 .1)

.12 10 .13 _ . .14 /1 .40 Dote le adntod dothas 967411 purchaseng poorer _ -

44

.71 1 Data on population sod labor roue are from the Sworn ol the Census, and data

on persohol income and national income from the 011the of Business t00110INCS.

I/ S. Deportment of Commerce. Oslo for 1810-11. *Net to 141)40 data NO lard number of dodoraol parlous employed rather than

numbed 04 Poldions,

OmInbutios Woofed by the Mho of Educates.

34

because el a modstotalsoe of the scope of "norm spooidotires for elementary

and sernedny day schoolo7 data ter 194040 sad Inn years ate not entirely

comearettle *rah data tor prat years.

iectodos summit schools, commonoty cellists. and ado* odershea. Seamans

on 1944-10. else terlodes samommoly wenn, tenant, clouded mitt "comet

ospeenhotes It elementary sod smeary day Wants"

0 Wades knoreners, pourepds.toschsts. sod Phot matenetvisery oestrerbons I

Pad.
st1es4 sistiseks: United Stilt et.. 1/69-10 to 14674$

1929.30 a

1139.40

._ . $

11050

10 195940

11 196546

12 196744

13

121,710 130.880 148.645 1/910 193.795 191,863 31,417 30,150 30.10 43,181 0,995 51,504 25.8 23 0 20 3 24 5 25 6 261

25.676 __....... .. 25.434 25.111 36,087 42,835 43,01

21.27$ 18,833 19.367 27102 31177 31,642 4.390 6,601 5,125 "ass 11,655 12,250

11.1 191 16.1 201 22.1 22.2 017 "4 132 82.2 851 OS 1 11.1 .261. 221 215 272 271

542 1,142 1,063 1,627 2.121 2,395 21,265 22.042 22.264 31111 0.134 40,428

3172,765 3158.012 3.1164.334 5,70,774 7,004,5e0 7.300.330 82.1 161 812 000 $18 911

172 7 175 0 177.9 1110 1111, 1701

141 0 151.7 157.9 560.2 163 5 161 2 00 912 962 1164 110 2.011

1 5 S 14 21 2$

31 37 39 64 72 66

643 625 914 1.30 1.716 I,10/ 140 195 593 "

4616

403 611 719 tors 01:2111 1,341

16.6 22.2 21.1 0130 -011 '315

Aissonis la ammo& 0 14104e. (woodjuted)

1

$1,088.551 $12.740.527 0.611.orr 14.706.610 $23.356.658 511,103.064

3325,112 108.913 0,122,763 55,414.141 0,606,846 511.990,774

52,645.490 51.010125 0100,361 0.03104 $12135080 $16,01,100

$1135.47 3111,119 1413,720 S105121 $2.08133 53.105,194

151 26.2 39.0 371 3/1 3/ 6

76.6 fel 51.4 $15 510 50.5 SA 41 10 8.5 11.1 111

$1.116,190 $12.314.040 55 13703 5.613256 $20,24 11,026 632.911,102

$1,643,552 51.941.01 14,687,274 12.329.301 621,053,210 111.111 070,071

$12.536

807174

6130101

$1,014,176

110170

22161.710 546.514

53,735162

$711 me

14 251,711 10/7150

0.03 113.367 5351/4 3112,367 018.304 036.410

711 10.11 0.3 0/31 002 011

10.0 11.0 17.4 171 14,3 12.0

0.0 5.6 1.1 3.1 30 31

.a .6 3 .0 2.3 24

Data is iseadiadod Utters

11,420 1134

1001 60

0.70

WM

3,MS

10

--_,0

51.441

1,366

11.01 501 880

105.14

3,502

.600

0510

310

0.27

1,320 2013

258.15

16.312

1.11 1.0-

33.10

5,613 6702 2212

32514 472.0

12.667 111 --

244

010

p.m Wu

300

537 35

463 61

14.943 300

301

17130 7160

15617

3,424

654.24

/16.44

16197 340

4.40

- Dab hisallswiad NNW. 1>1074$ passitssiss privet

v-.--- 1, __, 11.121 SON 61.E SUN $7,36 11.411 324/ 3.301 4,644 6,261 1,181 1160

31.111 43.00 56.41 10001 100 $6617

1.30 110 2.163 2131 3216 3,424 17126 114.0 1096 414 14 572.44 40.26

213.36 1$7.42 371/1 5460 496.50 /86.44

71411 41.12$ 14112 1412/ 15015 1607

.10 122 1.61 2.44 320 3.10 us

1 116 1.10 317 30 400

Item

14

. _ Peladatioa. 01408. sod iostructioul slate

total Polrelehoo/ r Ihamandsi

Posolaboo seed 5-11 years, archaise / .thousands*

Percent of total y000tsbon agar 5.11

1061 constraint lo momentary and secondary day schools tatousaads)

Nursery, kodersorten, and stades 1.8 ettousaads)

Grades 5.12 and postgiodoeles 'harmed%)

Pasant of total population 10011,1

Percent of otwaistwo 5.17 ,

Pace& et total emonina1

flith school graduates Oa.

Average daily attendance .1

setae numbsr al days Oen& . qyils enrolled rtsesuals)

Percent at *molted popes she... ...g a.nly

Average looser of wane tarn no days,

Average umber 0 days attended by each crud enroasd

total instrecoonal elan 4t1101/0491

Soperwroas rewound%)

Noma I thootamiso

leachers, librarians. sod other noaseparsory wilrectooal stall 0 rtharsen4s)

Mee rthoussods) 10110 WhoosautOsi Uncoil owe

tiedAlt 111,redes 9.12 sod postyradeates)

Masco

Total serous teCiett

IMP Stile ta.as sae approurehons

1 NO intsonedrate sod local 1601% and appeopiretrons

from all *that 116141$

1011,C0111 of morons tempts domed trom

State woof sod 800000088014

imearroduata sod local tails and apprapeistroas

Siloam faeces

Isial euendeores lot Ill alma

Caroni esuodaries for gamester, mod asoonday lop users%

capitol utlay

Inmost on wheel riabl

Oiller eltilend dully

Percent of total essiondewas 60410 So:

tarnul upandrlittos la eleowoUtp and ucenday day who*

Caudal oddly

Wan* ea *rhos! debt

OS* 00001110140

Avows maul Way at total restrechoo0 Slall /

Porsoul mum' per mutter of the labor force /

Total etwoodeare ref all adiarls 10 400 0 108 110001406

Naas* mum/ pot 400 of total usalabon

Cortue 040400twe 6 Peg !Weal m A.0,A 8

tatol 441)00eato 01 let day Waal% 001 foal w A.O.A

Itabesal sweet pot paps or 4.0.A

Cement *somata* us day 0* per 001 to 14.0.4.

Iseal essendriote lot 40 Who% ha 40 Pt Mope is AA.*

Sump unirel Wary of WW1 mairechonol 00

Persuel luau per Gumbo at We labst Wm

Taaal upoodenie Iv alt abaft sot capita of Mal 011014two

ilabsaat raceme an culla 0 WM ppolaboa

Curets *sway% ow wad lo 8.011.

15111 arporatote Om tar Wats w owl 18 A.O.A. Material acme pot foal 0 AAA.

Cereal 4001041we Pot ear Peg pupil m A.O.A.

Teal scpsaditere la by labook Pa Oaf 10 pupil m A.O.A.

0 tachtille aiti0te enosademos oot arrecable to Noel rods

4/11.0.11- roller! amass 401, Meadow* ta Oteenttny 10 essooday day

eclook.

mistiness ratorest 0 school OK

$* Pao sapsollese foie wed Sae is ilie SIM of gonad 41001htstes Minable

So pose usta, weal soiloy, rhad sateree1 Ile 10041 MU

3S

"pia -far rates dame by ihenduag snausl Wall swap Wager SI ISM.

may.. tbonnyng no 11040, manias Alselw Ind 111111N11. MUM 0 040140.

Mae parr nel 00 to latols.

SOURCt U.S Department 0 0400, flushoo, sad Megan, 0110 0 tam*

boa. Ilabstas 0 SUS/ 141101 50Iams."
Tablo 11.Solothad stetistitS of Wel public seises, systoles% by onto/room 614*a Waked 10.01$. "10

item

Member of somahog school systems

tenets of peels *molted

anteater

Socendasy Ctesstoorn leaches

lemmas',

Secondey

floosie papateache retro Both levels

fiettaMorY

Secondary

Rooms tweets, tole

hem local 101001

Rom otemodele mots

I soon Sale wastes

teen Federal ooveas

Cocoa eopeadesees

Metaled lo met cob

Oats cooed eopeseleas

Avenge deer ontsobesho

Cone et000ddecospe Foam overate delis ~Moho . . .

erorlmter tote of wheel syslere Total 21.000 10.000 to 5.000 It 2.500 to 300 so Under Of more 74.999 9.993 4.919 2.499 300

7 3 1 5 6 7 8

17.980 110 531 1.096 2,026 1.911 6,229

15,51076 13,475.112 8,098.1E41 7,643,75? 7,115.434 1,501.353 604,777

27.346,406 8.101.607 4.763.114 4166,247 4.331.556 5.178,018 451,956

16.115,370 5,370284 3135,054 3,077.010 2,153.876 3.381,376 157.810 1,402,741 538,036 335,919 371 34) 299,564 372.8114 34.017

1.069,767 306.266 184.619 178 802 168,647 701.510 73.973

831,441 731,170 151,310 147,141 130,937 165,374 10,019

rs

2?

03,391.775

17,603,304

474.247

17,116,401 2.413.350

21,162,143

7136072

91111.171 44.131,1)1

563? 4?

76

610.740.935 514/.665

60.459

3.81?.733 110,018

9.017,142 8.618262

371,510

13064,325

1661 14

24

2672

Is

26

IlsoossrOs M dollen

85117.140

3.118,480

61.2111 2.344,983

311,163

5.162,891

5,007.126

155.011

1.1153715? $637.6?

15 190.134 3.031.357

19,043 2,768,165

311,161

4.931.011 4.715.160

145.216 7,199360

MN 07

74

2?

$5,112.404

7.673,195

44,579

7.095,806

341,114 4,01.120

4,796.115

144.945 6.197.504 1623 )1

2375

20

15,789.7/5

7,0118,537 117.790

?,234,979 345.526 5.136.507 4175.007

161,500 8,417.393

1985

19

19

15

1505,011 20/.015

41,2311 140,108

29,536

43),324

421,111

11,129

637,116

1661.23

I oMinclet statollco and *soap dolly someone* ere ter

*036. Ike/WO of toenOsag, demi may nel odd le %lee

school me 1111-61. SOURCE US Dopecteanl d Neale, ideation, and Welfare. Ofke of Edecaloo,

"Slatisho of Local Ptak School Systems. Felt 1169, Fowls and Stall,- and

"Stomas of local Roble School Symms, Cosmos, 116$49 "

Table 811.--ter4lloiant Et1 stool *decease proarassa ter amotsplieetti chestnut:

Welted Steles, February IOU seer 1134.71

Rota of 'sophism*

ialal Voto111 toaditheM

Deaf bed Pod of Immo

Some sawed

Cooped sod specie loath emblem

teetotally end welly maladtesed Wee* eluded.

Olhos leonecsasona meatless

CAW

total

totoenant 2

14112.111 _ . . . 11,331 45.194

102.111 64.142

11,911/ 01180

?LIM

214.171

S 1943 Local psalm

schools 3

3.962 3.15/ 107.191 64.642 30371

811,211 22.039

714,111

Psalm end Prmeis

tesidgolol

wheels

111,181 _ . . 7.161

11/143 41)16

35,653(I)

()

Total eaelhoonl

LAMS

21,000

/00

1,73174

itao

269.000

113.000

8106110

124.41011 111,000

1170-11 Local 9oblo

schools

1,112,1110 16401

90,000

1.732,000 763,000

42,00e

761,000

1/4.00

M1,000

Roble end emote

loodentol

Seireelg

110.698 COO

2$1100

71*

61.000 Peyes am reportut scasshog d Cho mow too of oscaseasokty col huh Soo

we 'Komi spinet seaohoo

totsweled so she hose of St* mods to ea ORme et legates.

r Not *Woe on Neel of tostesobsl schools.

36

4 UMW* *MOM' Self 011i P. public Maputo roc the onentoly al.

SOURCE U S. lepolment of h. aloe, (esteem and salleto. Otte al tdoceton,

mesa, of "Metal Eduction tot taceplonalCeldfon.' eel "Rano& Reed Of tee

U.S. 411110011160141 of (shealon, f oral VW
Table 0.-Soloctod statistics tut public olootoottoy and cocoonssr schools 4. WWI cities: 1970-72

Cap

1 - _ --

f niollnient

7

18111971 Clamors'

fetchers

3

Pupil.

tem her rife

a

HO same!

graduates. 1970.11

5

1 strinalef annual current es pendulum pt.

pupa on botto le

dilly Stitlidiont 6

1971.7:

I ttlivolitd

innu51 salaly

tuIll

intliwchonal 2101

7

Oortelet Clistroom

Oa tins

8 Baltimore, MO 190,735 0.133 73$ 7,687 $ 948 $10,311 $ 9.765

Boston, Moss 91.034 4,53$ /1 3 4,053 1.011 11 750 11.160 Chmano, 111 573.414 21.997 /6 1 10,3/9 1240 11.680 11.310 Cleveland. Ohm 147.367 5.61$ 25.9 7.950 1.056 10)00 9 NM Oaks. Its. 156.313 627$ 74 9 11,753 76/ 10.022 9,150 04 Nod. Mmh. 2119,446 10.141 700 i*, 1,155 13)00 11,000 Houston, Tel. 23112/ 9.069 25 $ 11.411 717 9.591 1.15/

indranapols, Ind 101.531 4,177 749 n.7/8 HQ 10.511 10.011

tot Angetes. Calif. 637.101 78,431 72t 34.846 93/ 11.97$ 11.415 Memphis, Tenn 146.545 6.119 737 7,712 697 4.850 0.760 Mdwaohoe. Wit. Nfe, Orleans. t a

131.951 107,0765,144 4,533

24 7

)3 6

7108

4.176

1.063 87? 11100 925011.400

tow

Now bort. N.Y 1.149,068 68.97$ 19$ 18,704 1,607 17.300 11.650 Philodolphia. Pa 291,151 13,722 212 17.079 1.553 14.000 17100

/Items. Ma. 173,522 7,477 232 5,740 649 *9.5$9 10.136 St. toms. Mo. 95.654 3141 743 4.193 979 10,516 10.439 Sin Anton*, Its 73,221 3,295 22.5 4,32/ 711 8.407 11,090 San Omsk Calif 121,629 3,356 732 71119 919 1/.500 17.300 San Francisco, Cold 02.03) t134 177 3,090 1.575 13.400 11.990 Washroglon. 0.0 14/112 6,5/9 211 t.760 .1, 11,381 11,027

l Oats sot OeNtable a Incledirs clerical and plohnional staff

SOURCE-. U.S. Departmanl of Noatth. Eduction, and *Wore. Mime of t Oucabon. "Fall Statistics of Publm Schools. 1971 "

Tibia 96.Nitsoltor end pa tycoon of public sent* pupils tonspotod at public

'sponse, and current ompondlturoo for troospotstion:

Ustito Stet's, 1929-I1 to 111641-79

School so& Total onvollment Nods transported of Member 3

oink *sum

Percent ol tolot smiliotot

II

1 noenditure of Total, eacludrom

egotist moths

fun Ihilviliwilt

. .- 5

public howls

Averone Lost per

pupa transported

1 7 6 1421-X,

...- 25.67111$ 1.902126 7.4 551.123 $2111 1931.32 - 26,275,441 2119.173 9.2 51.0711 24 01 191344 Z6.414.193 2.794,724 10.6 53,906 19.79 1935.36 26.367.0$1 3250156 12.3 62153 19.7, 3937-11 25,975.101 3,70242 14.5 75137 20.07 113140 26133.542 4,144.161 16.1 13203 7010

Ofill-12 24.562.473 4103.0111 113 9/.922 20.64 191341- 23.266,616 4112112 19.4 107.754 23.011 191546 232911111 1.066.966 21.7 121.754 25.66

'PIUS 2316032 541,011 al 176.265 30.11 101940... . .... t$,111.427 6.017.1111 27 7 714,504 305$

1953.52 26,562,664 7,697,593 29.0 26112/ 14 93 3163-54 ........... . ..... ... ..... 23143.1171 1,911,719 321 107,437 36 55 1955.56 ..... ... ....... ..... . . I 27.760.149 905,619 35 0 151,972 * 36.61 19614$. 124,722275 ' 10116100 36.5 416191 131.34

IMO 32.477.440 12/25,142 374 406.334 * 39 711 196142. 3402.340 132721667 311 576.361 *4354

1116344- 3709156 S 14,479.776 317 673,445 46.55 116566 - 39.161,497 15,$36,567 39.7 717.151 l $0.66 40127865 ' 17.190.173 42.0 981.006 57 27 196940 *41134,376 0 11411.577 113.11 1211.537 66.96

tPopis on *nap doll *Nodose&

SOIMCE : U.S. ININdmOot of Mills. (Osicatioe. MO thollavli. Mk* of (Notate*, "Malmo 41 tibia School Systems."

37
Table 370-Enrollment in elementary and secondary schools, by control and by Mato; Spring 1970

State

Kindergarten through grade 12 Kindergarten Grades 1 hrough 8 Grades 9 lump 12 Total Public

schools Nonpublic schools Church- konrelated church- related Total Publicschools Nonpublic schools Church- Non- related church- Waled Total Publicschools Nonpublic schools Church- Non. related church- related Total Public

schools

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 '14 15 United States

. Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Minis

Indiana

Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine 03 Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire

New Jersey New Mesico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon

Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia

Washington

west Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming

50.715,251

865,16

83.998 0 462.980

452,090

4.925,470

574,037

765,632

144,102

162.893 1.552,537

1,133,339

199,748

190,183

2,790,061

1,329,368

718.299

550,294

765,203

985,t60

752,340

1,012.474

1.381,151

2,415,258

1.026.670

594,610

1,134.652

187,224 378.651

122,328

177.517 1,768,886 294.927 4,280,362

1,227,202 165.940 2,746311

'615,149

515.102

2,854,337

220,742

673,072

183,072

919,183

2,820,732

309,555

111.967 1234,726

865,429 402286

1,184,416

87,826

44.983,052

813,803

81,518

426,018

433,839

4.526,521

533.554 656,676

126,177

144,305

i.405.486

1,076,262

176,983

180,695

2,331.644

1,204,626

646.327

510,694

688,743

837,682

237,388

883,295.

1,148,438

'2,122,968

906.388

552,064

989,302

173,470

117,964

328,441

149,026

1;456,665

277,954

3,4986.963 1,11681

151,,675

2,387,776

597.564 476,637

2.322,115

178,765 638.993

171,415

869,714

2,643.322

303,271

100.289

1.057.063 812.584

384,429

980,668

84,812

4,499,857

17,782 1.079 23,810

8,17

308,0338 31,0%

83,789

12,764

10,453 77.179

15,129 9.770 4735

414,,460

108,136

65,439

33,805

59,626

100,819

11,067

96.,4 1789935 9 266,622

109,904

10,718

123,614

9,434

47,462

3,517

21,235

272,117

8,687

662,258

12,991 19.780

319.249 0 9,54

24,852

464,706

34,750

9,290 9.698

18,722 90.659

4,341

7,765

3829,602 ,867

11,127

192,437

2,136 A

1,232,341

33.583

1,393

13,152

10,234

90,611 9.387

25,161

5,751

8,135

69,872

41.948

12.995 4,753

43.957

16,606

6,533

5,795

16,834

46,659

3.885 32.740

53,718

25,668

10,378

31,828

21,20 336 4,3

2,948

7,25/ 6

40,104

8,286

119,141

37,539

2.485 39,045

8.036

13,613

67,516

7,227 24.789

1,959 30.747

86.751 1,943 3.913

48.061 13,978

6,730

11 ,311 878

3,024,398

30,489 6.606

22,896

11,214

353,916

39,638

57,193

9,241

10,219

85,823

45,711

14,615 7.919

188,593

88,430

52,224

35,962

18.441 43.894

18,179

65,445 85194

175,055

70,140

23,800

74,926

8.093

27,230

8,545

9,501

126,243

11,173

295,980

39.557

6,801

180,977

34,362

23.737

174,152

14,686

23,5/5

11.375 33,542

. 125,009

21,334 6.094

48,581

57,574 8.218

86.903 5,393

2,544.409

12.668 6,333

14,921 4.860

333,498

37,142

547,2659 7

,4

9,121

50,179

22,313

12,980 3.94098

170,2 80.969

50,849

.34,813

10,026

25,772

17,606 56.532 63.628

168,627

66,833

14,878

68,655

5,322 26.150 8.370

5,986

1146,,014 805 264.880

17,667

5,130

179,431

31,251

14,398

156,783

12.477 10,934

11,022

19,328 63.470

20,884

4,497

28,785

54.022

4,484

83,107

5,045

139,600

2.14737 2,039 635

7,704

548

1,692

287

302 6,358

2,344

560

2 12,01740

2,157

961 700

1,006 34 6,340

6

2,4

4.52532 4,580

t.975

1,792

3,612 269

969

70

293 8129

500 21,423

3,223

162

4,396 6 4

3890 7.612

7906

1, 1847 2 1,519 11195

276

293 227

548

232

3,0511

340,389

15,674 236 5,936

5,719

12,714

1,948

1,214

1,4%

796 29,286

21,054

1,075

3,681

6,336

5.304

414

449

7,409

11,782 227

14,,4460 474 1.918

t,332

7,130

2.659 2. 2,502

111 145 3.222

3,300

3,868

9,677

18.767

. 1,509

6,200

2,715

8.449

9,757

1.419 10,794

227 12.695 49,544

1 74 1,304

137,1,004 8 2

3339 3

33,210,219

590,713

57,990

311,421

310,315

.3.135,376 369.576

491,412 96.125

111,497

1,029,887

779,467

127,678

122,840

1,818,374

869,209

454,978

348,942

532,061

677,917

162,664

671,946

898.132

1.652,542,776 543 412.702

750,112

123,204

240,706

81.4

119.05525

1,144,313

200,071 2 834 ,25,382

1.564

108,062

1,780,234

398.441 330,856

1,826,141 145.199

460.311

115,683

624,640

1,920,220 194.035

73.812 776,013

552,061

273,782

752,490 56.702

29,375,178

565,354

56,651

290,590 3,159

2,80258275 342.428

48321,199 249

100,050

947,887

757,173

113,908

118,831

1,493,160

779,037

404,074

321,383

483,303

581,759

152,550

584,684 753.666

1,333,380

561,493

387.696 647,599

116.006 204.525

78,228

100.935 923,952

190,635

2209,351

811,616

99,723

1,525,440

389,002

310.279

1,450,793 115.153 444,905

107,451 601.662 1.835,913

190,456

67,308

733,981 516.993 24.669 6589,023

54,641

3,371,238

12,400

65 162712 5,705

229,407

23,546

10,241

62,164

7,420 55.558

9,580

7,084

3.533

307.732

85,176

48,149

2545,275

,283

72,622

9,104 74.137

130.605

197,731

87,592

7,130

%,544

6,328

35,0%

2,527

17,057

204,669

7,167

493,403

8,183

7,873

241,698

6,772

17.940 349,343

27.496 5,635

7,258

12,716 62.799

2,894

5.477

21.628

29,447

7,921 159.168 1.853

463,802

12,6687 4,260

,451

427,394 3,602

7.035

8,049

. 4,027

26.442

12,714

6,676 6 8 476

17,482

4,996

2,755

2,284

3,475

23,536

1,010

13,125

13,861

11,665 3.458 17,876,

7,969

875

1,035 290

1,560

15,692

2,269

51.628

11,770 466 13,096

2,667

2,637

26,405

2,550

9,801

10,274 62 21,50

688 5 1.027 20,484

5,428

1,192

4,299

208

14.480.834

243,966

19,394

128,663

130,561

1.436,170

164,823

217,027

39,336

41,177

436,827

308,161

57,455 59.424

783,094

371,729

211.097

165,390

214,701

. 263,349

71,497 275.083

397,825

697.427 303,987

158.108

309.61 55,9224

910,915 32.738

48,464

498,330

. 83,683

1,230,000

356.016 51,077

784,900

182.346 160,509

854,044

60,857

189.156 56,014

261,001 775.503 94,186

32.061 310,132

255,187

/20,286

34525,07.3

.731

13,063,465

235,781

18,534

120,507

126,820

1,334,448

153.984

18134,210 269

35,134

407,420

296,776

50,095

57,866

668,244

344,620

191,404

154,498

195.414

230,151 67.232

242,079

331,144

620,961

278,062

149.490 273,448

52,142 97.664

31,366

42,105

418,699

80,514

1,024,732 347.398

47,822

691,905

177.311 151.960

714,539

51,135

183.154 52,942

248,724

743,939

91,931

28 ,484 294,297 115216

241.569 308,538

25,126

Nonpublic schools Church- l Non- relaled church- related

16 17 90.0111 428.151 3,235

5,290 00

1,677

71,227

7,

19.33

2,9002 236

2,731

15,263 3.205

2,126 962

44,711

20,803

167,830

13,,3337 29

21.857

1,417

19849

43,,368

64,311

20,337

1,796 25.458

2,837 920 285

58,519

1,020

147,432

1.685 2,745

73,246

2,381 6

107,,751 022 6.464

1,808

2,314

4,487

11, 1.995 5,3%

8,872

2,974 30.218

274

4,950

470 2.956

2,064

30,503

3231

15,884

2231

3,312

14.144 8,180

5,234 596

20.1

6,30396 3,364

3,062

5,950

11,341 2.648

13,155

22,813

12.156 5,588

6,822

10,708 93

1.8402 452 2.474

21.112 2,149

57,836 6.493

510

SOURCE: U.S. Department Of Commerce Bureau of the Centres, Census of Population: 1970, General Social and Economic Characteristics," Series PC(1)-C.

19,749

2,654

2,521

31,754 3.258 4.194

7,790

15,699

1,084

1,582

10,439

5,346

038 6, 2.267

331
Table 38.--Percentage distribution of enrollment in elementary and secondary

schools. by control and by State: Spring 1970

vsers. Slate

Kindergarten through grade 8 Grade 9 through 12 r Total Public

schools Nonpublic schools

Total Public

schools Nonpublic schools Church- related Norchurchrelated Churchrelated Non-church- related

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 United States 100.0 88.1 9.7 2.2 100.0 90.2 6.8 3.0 Alabama 100.0 93.0 . 2.3 4.6 100.0 96.6 1.3 2.0 Alaska 100.0 97.5 1.1 1.4 100.0 95.6 2.0 2.4 Arizona 100.0 ' 91.4 5.6 3.0 100.0 93.7 4.0 2.3 Arkansas 100.0 95.5 2.0 2.5 100.0 97.1 1.3 1.6 California 100.0 915 6.8 1.7 100.0 92.9 5.0 2.1 Colorado 100.0 92.7 53 . 1.4 100.0 93,4 4,2 2.3 Connecticut 100.0 86.7 11.5 1.7 100.0 83.5 9.2 7.3 Delaware 100.0 86.7 10.0 3.4 100.0 88.6 5.7 5.7 District of Columbia 100.0 89.7 6.3 "4.0 100.0 85.3 6.6 8.0 Florida 100.0 89.5 5.5 5.0 100.0 93.3 3.5 3.2 Georgia 100.0 94.5 1.4 4.1 100.0 96.3 1.0 2.7 Hawaii 100.0 89.2 5,4 5.5 100.0 872 3.7 9.1

Idaho 100.0 93.9 2.9 32 100.0 97.4 1.6 1.0

Illinois 100.0 82.9 15.9 1.2 100.0 85.3 12.1 2.6

Indiana 100.0 13.8 9.1 1.1 100.0 92.7 5.6 1.7

Iowa 100.0 89.7 9.7 .6 100.0 90.7 7.7 1.6 Kansas 100.0 92.5 6.7 .7 100.0 93.4 4.7 13

Kentucky 100.0 89.6 8.4 2.0 100.0 91.0 6.2 2.8 Louisiana 100.0 34.2 10.9 49 100.0 87.4 8.3 4.3 Maine 100.0 944 52 .7 100.0 94.0 2.3 3,7

Maryland 100.0 87.0 10.4 2.7 100.0 88.0 7.2 4.8 Massachusetts 100.0 83.1 117 3.1 100.0 832 11.0 5.7 Michigan 100.0 87.4 11.8 .8 100.0 89.0 9.2 1.7 Minnesota 100.0 86.9 12.4 .7 100.0 91.5 6.7 1.8 htississippl 100.0 92.2 2.0 5.7 100.0 916 1.1 4.3 Missouri 100.0 86.8 11.9 1.3 100.0 88.3 8.2 Madan. 100.0 92.4 5.0 2.6 100.0 932 5.1

.33

1.7 Nebraska 100.0 86.1 13.4 .4 100.0 88.1 10.3 1.6 Nevada : 100.0 96.7 2.9 .4 100.0 95.8 2.8 1,4

Neiv tiampshire 100.0 82.9 13.4 3.7 100.0 86.9 8.0 5.1 New Jersey, 100.0 81.7 16.8 1.5 100.0 84.0 11.7 4.2 New Mexico 100.0 93.5 3.6 2.9 100.0 96.2 1.2 2.6 New York North Carolina

100.0 100.081.1 55216.8

1.3 2.0 3.s 100,0

100.0 83.397.6

12.0

.5

4.7

2.0 North Mots 100.0 91.3 7.0 17 100.0 93.6 5.4 1.0 Ohio 100.0 865 12.5 1.0 100.0 88.2 9.3 2.5 Oklahoma 100.0 97.1 1.7 1,2 100.0 97.2 1.3 1.5 Oregon 100.0 916 5.3 3.1 100.0 94.7 3.8 1.6 Pennsylvania 100.0 80.4 17.7 1.8 83.7 12.6 3.7 Rhode Island 100.0 79.8 17.7 2.5

.100.0

100.0 84.0 10.6 5.4 South Carolina 100.0 942 15 4.3 100.0 96.8 10 2,2 South Dakota 100.0 932 5.8 .9 100.0 94.5 4.1 14

Tennessee 100.0 94,4 2.2 '3.5 100.0 95.3 1.7 3.0 Texas 100.0 92.9 3.7 3.5 100.0 95.9 2.0 2.0 Utah 100.0 98.1 15 .4 100.0 97.6 14 1,2 Vermont 100.0 89.9 7.2 2.9 KOS 88.8 6.2 4,9

Virginia 100.0 92.5 2.9 4.6 100.0 94.9 1.7 3.4 Wukingtoa 100.0 . 93.7 4.9 1.4 100.0 94.4 3.5 2.1 West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming

100.0

100,0

100.0 95.4

80.1

96.1 2.9

19.3 3.0

1.7

.6

.9

100.0 1033

100.0 95.8

89.4

97.6 2.5

8.8

1.1 1.7It1.3 NOT.E=Becaute of rMriklill, percentages may not add to 00.0. SOURCE: U.S. Department 41 Commerce. Bureau of the Census, "Census 41 Population: 1970, General Socialand Economic Characteristics," Series PC01-C.

.

39
Table 39.- Nonpublic elementary and secondary schools,

pupils, and teachers, by (oval and by church affiliation

of school: United States, 1970-71

(Teachers in full -time equivalents]

Item Total nonpublic Roman Catholic Nen

affiliated Other affiliatedand

unknown

I 2 3 4 5 Schools . - Total 18.112 11.343 2,824 3,975

Elementary t4,372 9,362 1.754 3,256

Secondary 3.730 ' 1.9BI )1,070 719 Pupils Total 5,369,794 4.393,071 451.907 548,813

Elementary 4,056.151 3,354,816 272.676 428,760

Secondary . 1,313.643 1,008.258 185.332 120,063

Teachers Total 225,786 3158,460 36,392 10,1146 Elementary 150.559 1109,994 19,211 21.354 Secondary 75,147 148,474 17,18I 9,492

t Estimated by the Office of Education.

SOURCE: U.S. Dspartmsnt of Health, Education. and Welfare, Office of Education.

unpublished data from the survey of "Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Education, 1970-71 "; and National Catholic Educational Association. 'U.S. Catholic

Schools, 1971-727 (copyright ®1972 by the National Catholic Educational Association),

Table 41..- Enrollment of 3, 4-, and 5-year-old children in

preprimary programs, by age and by type of program:

United States, October 1971

plumbers in thousands' Enrollment status and

type of program

Total,

_ 3-5 years old

3 years old eyears old

5 years old

1 2 3 4 S Enrollment status

Total population , 10,510 3,466 3,520 3,624 Percent 100.0 100.0 10.0 100.0 Enrolled 39.1 12.0 29.8 73.7 Not enrolled in these programs, 87.6 70.2 26.3 ...:-..-.-r ...60.9 ... _ ot se,..../1.0. m.........-,,

Type of program

Total ear oiled... . 4,148 430 1,048 2,671 Percent 100,0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Preldndergarten 23.6 88.6 58.3 2.6 Public 7.6 .195 38.8 1.3 Nonpublic 18.0

.--,=..., 69.1

.-,,,,..., 39.6 .................=-.... 1.3 Kindergarten 74.4 11.4 41.7 97.4 Public 61.0 5.3 27.6 83,1 Nonpublic 13.4 6.0 14.1 14.3 NOTE.-Excluded from this table are 387.000 5-yeaolds In elementary schools

above the kindergarten level and 181,000 6 -year -olds in preprimary programs.

Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare. Office of Education.

"Preprimary Enrollment. October 1971:'

Table 45.«summary statistics on Catholic elementary and secondary schools: United States, 1919-20 to 1971-72

School year Number el schools Enrollment Instructional wall

Elementary Secondary Elementary Secondary ElemenlarY Secondary

1

. 2 3 4 5 6 7

1919 -20 6,551 1,552 1,795,673 129,8411 41,592 7.924 1929-39 7,923 2,123 2,222,598 241,869 58,245 14,307 193940 7,944 2,105 2,035,182 361.123 60,081 20,976 194940 8,589 2,189 2,560,815 505,572 '66,525 27,770 Fall 1960 10,501 2,392 4,373.422 680,369 108,169 43,733 Fall 1962 10.646 2,502 4,445.221 1.009,126 112,199 49,880 Fall 1964 10,832 2,417 4,533,771 1,066.748 117,854 53,344

1967-68 10,350 2,277 4,105,805 1,092,521 1 129,800 3 58,000 1968-69 10,113 2.192 3,859.709 . 1,080,891 3131,200 3 59,400 19E9-70 . 0,695 2,076 3,667,168 1,050,930 i 133.200 '62.200

1970-71 1971.72..,,9,362

8,978

1,901 . 1,851 3,354,816

3,075,215

1,008,258 953,9683132,000

3126,000

363,000

362,000

Includes estimates for the nonreporting schools. 3 includes estimates for the pad-lime teachers,

SOURCE: National Catholic Educational Association, "A Statistical Report on Catholic Elementary and Secondary Schools for the Years 196748 to 1969-70." as compiled

from the "Official Catholic Directory," sod "U.S. Catholic schools, 1471-72." (Copyright* 1970 and [972. respectively, by the National Catholic Educational Association.)

40
Table Q.-Estimated enrollment in nonpublic elementary and Table 43.-Enroliment in science and mathematics courses

secondary schools, by state: Fall 1972

Stale Total - Elementary Secondary

1 2 3 4 United Ste le s 5,100.000 3,800,001 1,300,009 Alabama 54,300 41.000 13,300 Alaska 600 300 300 Arizona 29,700 22.700 7.003 Arkansas 12.100 8.000 3,300 California 335,200 245.100 71,100 Colorado 35.200 26.300 8.900 Connecticut 107,900 68,400 39,500 Delaware 18,500 13,300 5,200

District of Columbia 22,700 13,500 9.200 Florida 111,800 80,700 31200 Georgia 32,700 21,400 11,300 Hawaii 21,700 15,200 6,500

Idaho 6,100 4.500 1.600

Illinois 441,600 335,400 106,200

Indiana 106,700 84,000 22.700

Iowa 70.900 51,000 19.900 Kansas 34,700 26,600 8,100

Kenlucky 62,600 46,100 16,500 Louisiana 140,600 105.000 35.600. Maine 19,500 11.400 8,200

Maryland 115,700 85,600 30,100 Massachusetts 193,300 134,700 63,600

Michigan 265,000 194,700 . 70,300 Minnesota 116,800 92,500 24,300

Mississippi 67.500 41.300 26,200 Missouri 104,200 92,000 12,200 Montana 10,900 7.500 3,400 Nebraska 44,500 31.300 13.200 Nevada 2,900 2,100 800 New Hampshire 27,600 18,700 8,909 New lerSeY 260,200 201,000 59,200 New Mexico 13,700 10,500 3,200 New York 742.800 555,200 187,600 Nor% Carolina 28,400 22,600 5.800 derth Dakota 12,000 8,400 3,600 Ohio . 319,000 237,400 81,600 Oklahoma 12.500 9,000 3,500

Oregon 25,100 19,500 6.200 Pennsylvania 498,300 368,600 129,700 Rhode Island 36,800 27,200 9,600 Soolh Carolina 30,600 25.100 5.500 Sou* Dakota 12,100 9.100: 3,000

reonessee 34,800 22,100 12,400

texas r 122,100 93,700 28.400

Illah 4,700 3,300 1,400 Vermont 12.300 6,200 6,100

Virginia 65.600 44.300 21,300

Washington 45,900 33,400 12,500 West Virginia," , 11,700 7.800 3,900- Wisconsin 189,000 152,200 36,800

Wyoming 2.200 2.030 200 Outlying areas . -,-es -....ree.- 60,700

---ommagaz

21,100

=s.c.isLmIr82,500 American Samoa 1,400 1,100 300 Canal Zone SOO .400 100 Guam 5,400 4,100 1,300 Puerto Rico 1 70,400 51,200 19,200

Virgin Islands 4,80e 3,900 900 SOURCE: Estimated by the Office of Educelion.

41

in public high schools, by sex: United States, 1964-65

Course Number of students enrolled Total Boys Girls

1 2 4 All science courses ,,,,, 7,243,600 3.592,100 3,351,500 General science 2.175.900 2.143,000 1.032.900 Biology 2,614,400 1,333,400 1,361.000

Chemistry, 1.084.600 606.100 478.500 Physics 526,200 382,200 144,000 Other science courses 762.500 427,400 335.100 All mathematics courses 7,496.300 4.149,500 3,346,800 General mathematics 1,785,000 965.300 819,700

Ekmentan algebra 2,260.000 1,183,700 1,076.300

Intermediate and advanced algebra', 1,055,300 607,100 448,200

Plane geometry? 1.535,600 831.700 703,900

Solid geometry 81,900 58,800 25,000

Trigonometry 231,100 152,300 78.800 Other maihernatics courses 544,400 350.600 193,300

1 Includes enrollment in combined algeb a and trigonometry courses.

2 Includes enrollment in combined plane and solid geometry courses.

SOURCE: U.S. Oepartmen1 of Health, Educatioa, and Welfare. Mee d Educa.

unpublished data from the survey of "Offerings and Enrollments in Science

and Mathematics In Public High SchoeSs."

Table 44.-Enrollment in science and matheriatics courses

in public high schools compared with total enrollment in'

grades 942 and population aged 14471

United States, 1948-49 to 1962.63

Stem

Enrollment, by year Percent change- 1948-49

to

1948-49 1954.551 1958-591 1962431 1962-63 2 3 4 5 6 All science

courses 2,945,000 4,670,000 6,020.000 104 Gantlet science-- . 1,074,000 1.581;003 027.000 70 Biology 996,000 1,294.600 1.677,000 2.487,000 150 Chemistry 412,000 483,000 657.000 859,000 108 Physics 291.000 303,000 379,000 397,000 37 Other science.. 172000 376.000 450,000 161 .7r-rans ASS mathematics courses 2,958,000 5,101,000 6,731,000 128 Elemen tor y algebra . 1,042,000 1,205,000 1.775,000 2,131,000 105

Intermediate algebra:. 372.000 432,0E0 643,000 1,017,000 173 General mathematics.. 650,000 800,000 1,024,000 1,213,000 87 Plane geometry 519,000 664,000 979,000 1,454,000 143 Solid geometry 94,000 147,000 106.000 73,000 -22

Trigonometry 109,000 170,000 220,000 , 204,000 87 Other mathematics._ 92,000 361,000 639,000 595 Toler enrollment grades 9-12... ,,,,, 5,399.000 6,583,000 7,841.000 10,050,000 86 Population age

group 14.172 8,703,000 9,012,000 10,635,000 12,522.000 44 1 Enrollment eslimales based ea sample survey.

2 Oita from Bureau of the Census, "Current Population Reports," Series P28, No.

127, and Series P-25, No. 193.

NOTE. -Gala are for 48 Slates end District of Columbia prior to 196243.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education. and Welfare. Office of Education,

"Offerings and Enrollments in Science and Mathemalies in Public High Schools. 1962."
/able 45.- Enrollment in foreign languages In public and

nonpublic secondary schools: United States, 1211.1964

Language Enrollment Percentage distribution Percent of

lotal secondary school won.

Inert 1 2 3 4 ALL SCHOOLS 3 All foreign languages 5423,701 100.0 29.9 Modern foreign languages 4.045.821 80.5 24.1

. Spanish 1,874,359 32.3 112

French 1.753,274 34.9 10.4 German 346,298 6.9 2.1 Hakim 32,105 .6 2

Russian 25,808 .5 2

Other languages 13,977 .3 .1

.......,--..,-.'..t. ,,,...., L. .-......W..1. Latin 477,867 19.5 5.8 PUBLIC SCHOO S All foreign languages 4,125,530 200.0 26.5 Modern foreign languages 3,516,276 852 22.5 Spanish 1,690,221 41.0 90.8 French 1,447.010 35.1 9.3 German 313,430 7.6 2.0

Italian 27,709 .7 .2 Russian 23,829 .6 .2 Other languages 13,977 3 1 Latin 609,354 14.8 3,9

3 Includes public school enrollment plus an estimate los the nonpublic schools:

NOTE.-Includes enrollment in 7th and 8th grades which are administralively

organised as part of secondary schools.

SOURCE: Modem Language Association di America, " Foreign Language Offerings

and Enrollments in Secondary Schools, Fail 1964."

Table 46.-Number of students enrolled in various subject areas compared with total enrollment

in grades 7 to 12 oil public secondary schools: United States, 1948.49, 1960-61, and 1970.71

Settled area

1948.49 196041 1970-71 Number Percent of total Number Percent of tolal Number Pesten' of

total I 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total enrollment, grades 7.12 6,907,833 100.0 11,732,742 100,0 100.0 . English language arts

-,....reet =--: 102.8

-.-..4' . ,,-......et,z7..-

12,972.236

2 1,1, ..., -

110.6

.18,406,617

-.- - ..-......2,,,,

25.852,165,

I..., -r.-.4...msr.....,s

140.5

:.,.._ ._.,=.........-._

7,098,770

Health and physical education 1 7,794,671 112,8 12,081.639 103.0 22.191,100 120.6 Social sciences 6,981,980 101.1 11,802,499 100.6 19.659290 106,8 Mathemalics 4,457,987 64,5 8,596,396 73.3 14337,090 76.8 Natural sciences 4,031,044 58,4 7.739.877 66.0 12,772.195 69.4 Music 2,484,261 36.0 4,954,347 42.2 6,559,452 35.6 Business education 3,184.207 46.1 4,667,570 39.1 27,314,194 SI

industrial arts 1,762,242 25.5 3,361,699 28.7 5,397,074 29.3 Home economics 1,693,825 24.5 2,915,997 24.9 25,282,850 28.7 Foreign languages

Arl

1,234,544

1,219,693

17.9

17.7 2,576,3542,383,703

22.0

20.3 4,729,282

4,350,685

25.7

23.6 Agriculture 373,395 SA 507,992 4.3 s 769,102 4.3 Vocational bade and Industrial education 369,794 5.4 344.704 2.9 =1,14 1,638 6.2 Dislributive education (3) V) 38,363 .3 1295,633 1.6 Other 111,053 1.6 106,467 .9 2232,736 1.3

Includes driver education and ROTC. 2 includes occupational programs as well as iadividual courses. These programs

may represent enrollment in 2 or MOO courses.

sOala not reported separately.

*42

NOTE.-Percentage may exceed 100.0 because a pupil may be enrolled in more

than one course milbin a MOM area during the school year. Data for 1920.71 are

based upon a small sample survey.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Healiii, Education, and Welfare, Olfice of Education.

"Patterns of Course Offerings and Enrollments in Public Secondary Schools, 1970-71."
Table 47.- Enrollment in federally sided vocational education classes, by type of programs and

by level of instruction: United States and outlying areas, fiscal years 1966 40 1171

level and typo of program

I 1966 1967

1 1961 1969 1970 1971 Percent change. 1970 to 1971

1 2 3 a 5 6 7 8 All pr *gums. .. ... 6.076.059 7,047,501 7.533.936 7,979,366 MK* 102T5,660 19.7 Secondary 3.00,248 3.532.123 3,642,196 1.079.395 5,114.451 6.506,375 27.2 Postsecondary 412,097 199,906 592,970 706.085 1.013,426 1.111.312 13.3 Adult. .. 2.530.712 2.911.109 2,987.070 3.050.466 2.646.013 2,170.973 7.7 Swint needs 19.002 23.463 111.000 143.420 1803,384 11,423.710 76.3 Agriculture , . . , .............. , . ..... 907.354 935.170 631.151 8,44.705 152.933 $45,055 -0.9

Secondary... . ... . . , . ..... . 510.279 506.675 528.116 536.039 550.823 562,111 2.1 PosIsmondup ... ................ .. - . 5.987 1,093 11.036 15.416 23,381 %Al 5 215

Adult 390.388 113.451 305,357 290.336 271.779 254.526 -1.7

Special needs .... . 7110 4.941 CM 1,511 169.057 194.131 36.3 Distributivo.. . 120,426 411.034 574.20 563.431 529,365 578,075 9.2 Secondary, 101.728 151.378 175.116 164.206 230,007 211.114 4.1 Postseceedery 15,433 21.003 44,324 60.711 32,160 15.050 4.5 Adult 301.116 303,713 349.730 307,976 217,191 251.097 15.6 Special mends 1,749 4,170 4,415 10.531 111.272 461,877 391 Reelth 13,677 115.109 140,147 175.101 191,041 269.516 36.1 Secondary 9.793 16,734 20,952 23,207 31,915 43.300 35.7 Postsecondary 36,4% 51,135 64.592 91.922 102.515 137.913 31,11 Adult 37,065 42,721 52,865 56,603 63.614 11,303 31.8 Specie, needs 323 1,519 2,571 . 3.369 120,179 139.953 9115 Home economics 7,997,670. 2.186,992 2.213.339 2,119,052 2,570,410 3,129204 21.8 Secondary 1.280,251 1,475,235 1.654.004 1.670,347 1.934,059 2,416.01 21.9 Postsecondary 2,652 3.506 1,395 13.190 11,259 52.792 19.3 Adult 602,363 685,225 677,178 718,117 592,092 660,805 114 Specie, needs_ . .................. . 12,601 23.026 43.661 16,391 1233,000 1 526.518 126.0

010c1 1,236.043 1,572,335 1.735.997 1.036.124 2.111.160 2.226,854 5,5 Secondary.-. 791,368 965.391 1.058.656 1.122,198 1,331,267 1,395,909 4.9 Postsecondary . ............ . .... .... ............. 165,139 192,639 225.182 216.441 331.001 335.198 1.3 Adult 271.149 319.194 113,481 1112.160 115.902 495,747 10.4 Susan, needs 3,017 5.104 7.476 12,318 1197.359 4267,231 45.5

technical. ... ...., .. ............ . . .. ...... 253,1138 266.054 249.832 315.311 271.730 313,860 15.3 Secondary. 21,865 27.614 36.286 31,833 34.3116 36,163 52

Postsecondary 100,151 97,156 101.716 130,564 151,421 177,716 172 Adult 121.730 140.431 127.411 151,711 65,723 99,979 16.6 Spacial needs 92 353 1.312 1.200 113,373 123,511 752

trades and industry. 1.261,651 1,890,807 1.523,542 1,720,159 1,906,133 2,075.166 8.9

1 Secondary 318,961 367.719 421,719 101,551 692.396 109,110 16.9 Postsecondary 115.539 123,371 137.732 174.201 261,182 309.612 18.1

*dull 103.901 966.301 1,030223 1,042,362 952,555 956214 0.1 Special needs 30.650 33.343 31,368 15,742 11112.642 1265,694 45.6 Other 49,297 69.733 351.135 1.087.270 2015

Secondary ..... .... 12,317 53,011 309.3011 1.002,396 223.1 Postsecondary. 163 926 17,307 20,572 11.9 Adult 18 498 27220 64.302 1362 Special needs 6,499 15,343 112,412 1124,588 113.3 4 bisadvantaged persona included in distribution by lev61 'bore.

SOURCE: 11.3. Department of Hong, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, annual reports on "Vesilione1 end Technics, Education"; and unpublished data.

43
Table U.-Enrollment in federally aided vocational classes, by type of program:

United States and outlying areas, 1980 to 1971

Fiscal year Distributive

occupations

4

Type Home

economics

5

of program

Trades and

industry

6

Health

occupations

7

Technical educaticn Office occupations

. Othei programs

10

Total Agriculture

2 3 1920 265,058 31,301 48.438 184,819

. . 1930 981.882 188.311 1/4,96/ 618,604

1940 2.290,741 584.133 129,433 818.766 758.409 1942 2.624,786 605.099 215,949 954.041 850,597

1944 2,001,153 469,959 131,509 806.605 543,080 1546 2.221.663 510.331 1/4,672 911.816 630,844 1948 2,836,121 640,791 292,936 1,139.766 762,628 2950.. 3,364.613 7611,975 364,6/0 1,430.366 104.602

1952... 3,155,988 746,402 234,984 1,391,389 793,213

1954 3,164,851 737.502 220,619 1,380,14/ 826,583 1956 3,413,159 785,599 257,025 1,486,816 883.719 1958 3,629,339 /75,842 282,558 1,559.822 483,644 27,423

1960 3,768,149 796,237 303,784 1.588,109 938,490 40,250 101,279 1962 4.072,677 822.664 321.065 1,725.650 1,005,363 48,985 148,920

1964 4,566,390 860405 334,126 2.022.133 1,069.274 59,006 221,241 1966 6,070.069 907,354 420.426 1,897,670 1,264,051 83,677 253,838 1,238,043

1968 7.533,936 851.158 574,785 2,283,3313 1,628,542 140,987 389.832 1,735,99/ 49,297

1970 8.793,960 852,983 529,365 2,5/0,410 1,906,133 198,044 271,730 2.111,160 354,735 1971,. 10.525.660 845,085 5/8,075 3.129.814 2.075,166 269,546 313,860 2,226.854 1.087,270 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. OHice of Education, annual revolts on "Vocational and Technical Education"; and unpublished data.

Table 49.-Teachers of federally aided vocational education

classes, by type of program: United States and

outlying areas, fiscal years 1966 to 1972

Table 50,--Estimated number of classroom teachers in

nonpublic secondary schools, by teaching Welch

United States, fall 1972

Type 01 program 1966 1970 1971 Classroom teachers

1 Teaching held

2 3 4 Number I Percent

Total

Agriculture

Distributive Health Home economies Office Technical Trades and industry Olher or unclassified

Total

Agriculture Oistributive . Health Home economics Office Technical Trades and industry Other or unclassified

Number of teachers 2 3 124,042 190,364 211,550 Ali fields 71,000 100,0

11,765 7.636 3452

23,943

23,111 8,399

38,736

4,800

_ Perceulage

12,420

10,458

10.483 34,225

45.081

14,241 56,720

- 6.736 distribution

12,910 \ English

11.974 Social studies

12,613 Religion

38,105 Mathematics 49,363

14,750 Foreign languages 59.065 Health and physical education

12,770 Science

!Business education Music

11.700

10,100

9,100

8.100 7$0

7.500 6.000

4,000

3,500

1,100

800

500

400

16.5

14.3 22.8

11.4 114

10.5

8.S

5.7 5.5

1.5

1.1

.7

.5

100.0 100.0 Art 100.0 Hole economics 9.5

6.2

2.9 20.9

18.6

6,11 31.2 3.4

6.5 S.S

5.5

18.0

23.7 7.5

29.8 3.5

Industrial arts and vocational education

6,1 All other 5.7 6.0

18.0 SOURCE: Estimated by the Office of Education. 23.3 7.0

27.9 6.0 SOURCE: U.S. Department el Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educelion. annual reports on "Vocalional and Technical Education": and unpublished

data.

44
_

Table 51.- Number of full-time and part-tIme 1 classroom teachers In public end nonpublic

elementary and secondary day schools. by State: Fall 1971 and fall 1972

State Fall 1971 Fall 19721 Total Public Nonpublic= Total Public Nonpublic

1 2 3 4 5 7 United States. 2,274,920 2,062,920 212.000 2,297,000 4088,000 211,000 Alabama 35,552 33,172 2,380 35,910 33,540 2,370 Alaska 4,147 4,087 60 4,190 4,180 60 Arizona 20,290 19,010 1.280 20,490 19,220 1,270 Arkansas 20,135 20,305 530 21,060 20,530 530 California 213,368 199,178 14,130 215,480 201,420 14,060 Colorado 25,646 23,936 1,710 25,900 24.200 1,700 Connecticut 39,129 33,909 3,220 39,490 34,290 5,200 Delaware 7,090 6,220 870 7,160 6,290 . 870 District of Columbia Florida 7,729

68,25

6,529

63,245

1,200

5,040

7,800

..,..:--60,960

6,600

63,950

1,200

5,010

Georgia 46,482 44,732 1,750 46,970 45,230 1,740 Hawaii 9,145 8,235 910 --'---0,240 8,330 910

Idaho 8,274 8,024 250 8,360' 8,110 250

Illinois 126,590 3 110,000 16,590 127,750 111,230 16,520

Indiana 56,637 52,297 4,340 57,200 52,880 4,320

Iowa 35,624 32,494 3,130 35,970 32.660 3,110 Kansas 26243 24,743 1,500 26,510 25,020 1.490 Kentucky 33,750 31,020 2,730 34,090 31,370 2,720 Louisiana 42,723 37,203 5,520 43,110 37,620 5.490 Maine 12.470 11,400 1,070 12,590 11,530 1.060

Maryland 46,928 41,998 4,930 47,380- 42,470 4,910 Massachuselts 63,803 54,763 9,040 64,380 55,380 9,000

Michigan 99,406 89,236 10,170 100,350 90,230 10,120 Minnesota 49,825 44,535 5,290 50,300 45,030 5,270

Mississippi 25,859 22,849 3,010 26,100 23,100 3,000 Missouri 48,102 43,872 4,230 48,570 44,360 4,210 Montana 8,920 '8200 520 9,000 8,430 510 Nebraska 18,612 16,642 1,970 18,790

15,390

1,960 Nevada 5,419 5,329 90 5,480 90 New Hampshire 8,840 3 7,450 1,390 8,910 7,530 1,380

New Jersey 86,350 76,260 10,090 07.150 77,110 10,040 New Mexico 12,952 12,272 680 13,890 12,410 680 New York 209,291 180,071 29,220 211,160 182,100 29,060 North Carolina 50,881 49,402 1,480 51,420

47,370

1,470 North Dakota 0,020 7,490 S30 8,100 530 Ohio 112.644 100,776 11.870 113,710 101,900 1,810 Oklahoma 28,225 27,515 710 211,530 27,820 710 Oregon 24,001 22,1131 1,170 24,260 23,090 1,170

Pennsylvania 128,908 110,378 18.530 130,050 111,620 18,430 Rhode island 10,806 9,226 1,580 10,910 9,330 1,580 South Carolina 27,319 25,729 1,500 27,610 26,020 1,590 South Dakota 8.889 8,269 -620 8,980 8,360 620 Tennessbe 38,019 36,089 1,930 38,410 36,490 1,920 Texas 131,070 25,050 6,020 132,460 126,460 6,030 Utah 11,718 11,508 210 11,840 11,640 200 Vermont 6,919 6,169 750 6,990 6,240 750 Virginia 52,534 48,774 3,760 53,060 49,320 3,740

Washington 35,640 . 133,480 2,160 36,000 33,850 2,150

West Virginia Wisconsin

17,778

52,508

17,248

44,898 7,630

510 17,970

52,980

17,440

45,400 5307,580

Wyoming '4,782 4,672 110 4,030 4,720 110 Outlying areas ........ ...... 30.764 26,974 . 3,790 31,060 27,270 3,790 American Samoa Canal Zone 450 652' 1400

632

so

20

450

660 400

640 50

20 Guam. 1,332 1,142 190 1,340 1,150 190 Puerto Rico 27,120 23,820 3,300. . 27,390 24,990 3,300

Virgin islands 1,210 980 230 1,220 990 230

I The parltime teachers are included in the totals in full4ime equivalents. .

I Estimated.

$ Data estimated by reporting States.

45

SOURCE: U.S. Deparlment of Health, Education, and Wellue; Mee of Education,

"Fall 1971 Statistics of Public Schools," and Office of Education estimates..
Table S;- instructional staff in public elementary and secondary day schools, by type of position and by Italy: 1969-70

Iln full -time equivalents)

State

I Total instructional staff Principals

preluding

assisted

"Principals'

Consultants

Classroom teachers and other 'monasticism personnel'

or supervisors of instruclion Classroom

teachers Librarians Guidance personnel

. Psychological

personnel Other non- supervisoryinstructional Personnel 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Uaked States 2,263,492 90,593 31,537 2,023,253 39,790 46,139 5,622 10,506

. . Alabama 35,299 1.278 293 33,728 1') 19 ( t) --- Alaska 3,738 130 39 3,366 61 79 7 6 Arizona* 20,173 805 (') 13,518

"Zia

---. 1350 Arkansas 21,163 015 72 19.646 56

Calibrate* 207,138 3,910 4668 187,113 1,599 4,821 356 1,171 Colorado 26.805 1,341 375 23,622 454 724 48 241 Connecticut 35,776 1,475 226 32,451- 388 802 156 278 Delaware - 6,390 . 252 96 5,684 133 139 23 63 District of Columbia 3,131 332 119 6,920 156 304 38 262 Florida 69,563 2,437 814 60,867 2,057 1.770 852 716 Georgia 49,227 1,911 599 44,098 1,701 913 ...... ----.

ilawail.. 3,186 371 52 7,332 213 218 ---- -.-

Idaho. 9.193 420 233 8,065 137 199 5 84

Illinois . 122,412 3,757 1,399 111.913 1,728 2,283 363 439

Indiana 54,759 2,424 376 49,896 887 1,051 75 50

lows . 36,406 1,530 96 32,669 892 988 45 -186 Kansas 28,961 1,339 320 25,704 771 564 56 157 Kentucky 1 33.246 1,330 320 29,532 1.057 646 ---- 361 Louishme 40,338 1,424 403 36.476 1,IB7 840 8 --- Wine. 12,473 527 109 11,444 147 237 9 ... _ Maryland 45.398 2,890 543 40,625 . 934 1,075 34 47 Massachusetts 59,772 2,759 *3,346 51,002 714 1,776 175 Michigan 99,773 . 1,293 1,160 89,049 1,862 2,317 264 273 . Mianesota 47,799 1,793 593 - 43,286 1,131 996 (2) (9

Mississippi 25,339 1,123 230 22,936 604 446 .--. .... Miesoid 41,956 2,102 874 42,799 . 845 1.175 (*) 161 Montane** 9,299 370 (5) . 8,452

-ilia

..._ 1 477 Nebraska ' 18,220 742 119 18,318 Ili 18 316 Nevada 5,547 233 52 4,967 116 151 28 .... New.Nampshlrels 7.808 475 52 6,933 98 200 .... ___- New Jersey* 80.098 2,635 823 73,018 ..._ .4.... 43,572 New Mexico 12,944 579 264 II.564 240 329 7 11 New York** 207,948 6,309 6,213 191,919 3,538 5,370 1,113 2,906

Narth.Corolins 54,165 1,964 653 49,017 1,776 750 5 .... North Dakota 3,837 316 91 8,042 173 III 2 102 Ohio 110,092 . 4,603 873 99,639 1,607 2,400 346 544 Oklahoma 30,345 2.008 . 228 27,220 352 496 23 ill

Oregon 25.810 1.23I 295 22,532 641 578 19 514 Pennaylvonia 117,450 3,345 1,529 106,639 1,859 2,544 405 1,129 Rhode Island 9,635 373 - 314 8,550 198 312 28 60 South Carolina 31,110 1,199 239 28,038 1,356 769 41 68 South Dakota 9,090 314 48 8,305 153 In 7 115 Teams-tea 30,984 . 1.125 ". 433 35,212 1,086 773 55 _... . Texas 128,013 6,059 702 118,844 1,195 1,413 --. Utah 13,219 568 - 146 11,535 333 334 , 34 269 Vermont 6,208 354 66 5,554 124 307 3

t --.. Virginia 53,443 2,374 754 47,546 11,413 1,221 135 ..... Washington 39,367 1,791 . 1,129 33,546 091 996 138 826 West Virginia 18,692 1,324 294 16,652 239 262 . 3 8 Wisconsin 55,305 1,999 490 50,079 1,176 1,235 98 223 Wyoming 4,901 214 75 4,441 b? 104 (z) ..... Outlying areas: . Canal 2eae - 621 22 16 554 6 19 4 .... Guam, I.120 55 46 948

. 31 40 . .... 1 Dela in each of the categories of neasopersisery instructioae3 staff are shown for

those Stales reporting sech information, In some Stales, classroom teachers may

include ether nonsupervlsery personnel (librarians, guidance personnel, etc.)

when such personnel hove not bean given separately.

i Data not available. . . I included with classroom feedlots.

1 Oahe pedielly estimated by the Office el Eduiation.

g Included with principals.

* Includes librarians; guidance, psychological, and audiovisual personnel; and

*UfeonsuPereisorr instructional std.

46

*Data :rem published annual State report.

*Includes department heads,

*Includes dots for,summer school and adult education programs.

" Data are for lull-time staff only,

**Data are for number of fall-time and part-time positions.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office Of Education..

"Statistics of State School Systems, 1969.70"
Selected Characteristics

The National Education Association (NEA) hai

recently issued a report on the Status of the Ameri.

can PubliC.Schoof Teacher, 1970-71. The study

provides a wealth of information on the personal

characteristics, professional qualifications, teaching

assignments,. and economic status of public elementary and secondary school teachers. The data

on the age, marital status, and academic attain.

ment of teachers in 1971 are summarized in the

accompanying chart.

The NEA has conducted several similar surveys

at intervals of five years. When the data for

-1960-61 and 1970-71 are compared, the following trends emerge: The typical teacher in 1971

was younger than in 1961 (35 as compared with

41 years old) and had fewer years of teaching experience..(8 versus 11- years). Teachers in 1971

tended to be better educated than previously; only

3 percent did not 'hold.a bachelor's degree, compared with 15 percent in 1961. They also earned

substantially higher average salaries, nearly $9,300

of Public School Teachers

in 1970-71 as contrasted with less than $5,300

in 1960-61.

Men_ teachers accounted for 34 percent of the

total in 1971 but only 31 percent of all teachers

in 1961. Secondary school teachers constituted 47

percent of the total in 1971 and 43 percent of all

teachers, 10 years earlier. There was a slight de.

cline in the number of pupft taught by each

teacher- between 1961 and 1971, but ,the average

number of hours worked per week remained the

same (37 hours in the required school week and

47 hours per week on all duties).

Since the above figures are based upon sample

surveys, they are subject to the usual sampling

variability. Highlights from the teacher studies were

published previously in the December- 1971-'-and

March 1972 issues of the NEA Research Bulletin.

The material is copyrighted by the NEA and is used

by permission.

W. VANCE GRANT,

specialist in educational statistics

47

:.
Table 53.- Selected characteristics of public school teachers, by level and by sew. United States, 1970-71

Item All teachers Elementary Secondary Men Wiimen

1 2 3 4 .5 6 Highest degree held:

No 4.year degree percent 2.9 4.6 1.1 2.1 ' 3.4 Bachelor's degree. do 69.6 74.5 64.2 54.8 77.4 Master's degree or 6 years do 27.1 20.9 33.9 42.6 194 Vector's degree do 0.4 ... 0.8 0.6 0.3 Median years 01 leaching experience 8 8 7 8 8 Length el required school week hours 36.5 36.3 36,8

Average number of hours per week devoted to teaching duties 46.9 45.8 48.1 47.6 46,5 Average number el days of classroom teaching in school year 1970-71 18I 181 181 .._ _.- average annual salary as classroom teacher dollars . S9,261 39.092 59,449 $9,854 P.953

Average age years 33 39 36 36 39 Sex percent

Marital slatus: 100.0 .._ . -.- 342 65.7 Married do __. 27.9 44.0 Single do --- 5.2 14.2 Widowed, separated.divorced do . --- 1.1 7.5 NOTE.-Data are based on reports received from a sample of 1,533 leachers. Because of rounding, percents may not add to 100 .0.

Table 54.- Public secondary school teachers, by teaching

field and by sex: United States, 197041

Teaching geld in which largest

portion of Urn. was spent

All teachers Men Women

1 2 3 4 All fields: Number Percent Agriculture Art Business education English

Foreign language

Health and physical educatioq Home economics Malhematics Science Social studies Music

Industrial arts and vocational education Special education Other beids

' 931,896

100.0 504,217

100.0

- 427,679 100.0 0.6

3.7 5.9

20.4 4.8

8.3

5.1

14.4

10.6

14.0 3.8

6,2

1.11.0

12

3.1 3.6 132

2.3

7.0 152

16.5

19.6

4.9

10.9 0.8

1.8

,.... 4.4

8,8

29.17.3 104

113

13.4 3.4

7.2 2.5

1 0.6

1.6

....

3 Vocational education only.

NOTE.--Percents are based on reports received from a sample of 707 teachers;

because of rounding, they may not add to 1004.

SOURCE: NOM' Education Association, Research Division, Research Report

1972-R3, "Status of the American Public-School Teacher. 1970-71"; and Research

Rodin 1971R13, "Estimates of School Statistics, 1971-72." (Copyright e) 1972

and 1971, respectively, by the National Educatio4 Association. Att rights reserved.)

48

SOURCE: National Edocalion Association, Research Division. Research Report

1972.83, "Status of the American Public-School Teac'er, 1970-71." (Copyright ei

1972 by the National Education Association. AU rights reserved.)

Table 55.-Average annual salary of instructional staff in public

elementary and secondary day schools, and average

annual earnings of full-time employees in all industries,

in unadjusted dollars and adjusted dollars:

United States, 1129-30 to 1971.72

School year

Unadjusted dollars Adjusted dollars (1971-72

- purchasing power) 3 Salary per member of

inslroctional staff

Earnings per

full-lime ernPloyee workMI for wages

or salary r

Salary per member of

iostruclionar staff

Earnings per

full-time employee working for wages

or salary: 2 3 4 5 1929-30. 31,420 31,386 $3.414 13,332 1931-32.. .... 1.417 1,198 4,045 3,420

1933.34........ 1,227 1,070 3,812 3,324

1935-36 1,283 1,160 3,844 3,475

193738.... . 1,3?4 1,244 3,951 3,577 193940 1,441 1,282 4.242 3,774 194142 1,507 1,576 3,980 4,163

1943.44 1.728 2,030 4,084 4,798

194546 ..... 1,995 2,272 4,503 5,128 1947.48 2,639 2,692 4,658 4,752

1949-50 . 3,010 2.931/ 5,230 5,091 1951-52 3,450 3,322 5,399 5,199

1953-54 3,825 . 3,623 5,850 5,549

1955.56- 4,156 3,942 6,361 6,033

1957.58 4,702 4,276 6,769 6,155 1959.60 5,174 4.632 7,246 6487

1961.62 5,700 4,928 7,800 6,743

1963-64 6,240 5,373 3,320 7,164 1965.66 6,935 5,838 8,936 7,522

1967.68 7,885 6,444 9,537 7,794 3969.70 8,840 7,334 9,630 7,990

1971.72r 10,100 8,300 10,100 8,300

A Based on the Consumer-Price In es, prePired by the Bureau 01 Labor Statistics,

U.S. Department of Caber.

2 Calendar-year data from the U.S. Department of Commerce have been convened

to a school-year basis by averaging the 2 appropriate calendar years In each case. 3 Estimated. SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health. Education, end Welfere, Office of Education,

"Statistics of State School Systems"; and "Fall Statistics et Public Schools."

U.S. Department of Commerce. Bureau of- Economic Analysis, 'Survey of Current

Business," Ply issues; "US. Income and Owner: and "National income." 1954 edition.
Table 56.-Estimated average annual salary of classroom teachers in public

elementary and secondary schools: United States, 1955-56 to 197142

School year

Ave age salary (In dollars) Average-salary index (1955-56.100.0) MI teachers Elementary

teachers Secondary

teachers All teachers Elementary

.. teachers Secondary

teachers

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1955.56 54,055 53,852 54,409

__-...... . 100.0

. ____. 100.0 .._

100.0

.... 1956.57 4,239 1,044 4,581 104.5 105.0 103.9 1957-58 4,571 4,373 4,894 112.7 113.5 111.0 1958.59 4,797 4,607 5,113 1183 119.6 196.0 1959-60 4,995 4,815 5,276 123.2 125.0 119.7

1960-61 5,275 5.075 5,543 130.1 131.7 125.7 1961-62 5,515- 5.340 5,775 136.0 138.6 131.0

1962-63 5.732 5,560 5,980 141.4 144.3 135.6

1963-64 5995 5,805 6,266 147.8 - 150.7 142.1 1964.65 6,195 5,985 6,451 152.8 155.4 146.3 1985-65 6,485 6,279 6,761 159.9 163.0 153,3 1966-67 6.830 6,622 7,109 168.4 171.9 161.2 1967.68 7,423 7,208 7,692 183.1 187.1 174.5 1968-69 7.952 7.718 8,210 196.1 200.4 136.2 7969.70 8,635 8,112 8,891 212.9 218.4 201.7

. . 1970-71 9,269 9.021 9,568 228.6 234.2 217.0 1971.72 9,690 9,420 10,015 239.0 244.5 227.1 SOURCE: National Educalioe Association, Research Division, Research Report 1970-R3."Economic Status of the Teaching Prolession, 196940," and Research Report 1972.82.

"Economic Status of the Teaching Profession, 1971-72". (Copyright CD 1970 and 1972, respectively. by the Natianal Education Association. All rights reserved.1

Table 57.-= Percentage distribution of estimated annual salaries paid classroom teachers

in public.elementary and secondary schools: United States, 1952-53 to 1971.72

School year

Percent of classroo no teachers paid- Less than

43,500

$3,500

4,499 . $4,500-

5,499

55,500-

6,499

56,500- 7,499 57,501)

8,499

58;500-

9,499 10,499 510,500- 11,499 511,500 Or more

,1 2 3 4 6 7 '8 9 10 11 1952.53 62.0 25.0 113.0

1953-54 55.8 26.6 17.6 1954.55 48.5 29.2 1 22,3

1955-56 42.6 31.4 126.0

1956-57 35.0 33.0 1 32.0 1957-58 25.6 33.5 140.9

1958-59 17.0 31.7 26.7 15.7 - 1959-60 12.8 29.7 28.2 . 17.4 1 1 1.9 1960.61 9.2 26.0 27.2 19.3 10.9 1961-62 5./ 20.9 28.9 22.6 1?..9 890

1962-63 1.3 17.1 28.0 23.4 14.5 44.0

1963-64 2.7 11.2 28.6 24.2 15.1 9.0 16.3

1964.65

1965-66 .8- 11.9 8.0

27.0

. 22.7 24.7 26,8

16.6

. 19.1

10.1 11.5 5.5 66 54.5

1966.67 4.1 19.7 26.7 19.8 13.2 4.5 1967-63. 2.1 113 25.5 22.0 15.3 10.5 16.5

1968-69 /6.9 18.1 21.5 18.1 13.4 86 6.0 4.3 1%9-70 /2.9 13.2 20.5 19.7 14.4 11.4 7.7 10.3

1970-71 115 72 15.6 18.4 16.7 14.9 11.3 - 14.5

1971.72 19.9 17.7 15.9 13.4 . 10.4 22.7 154,500 or more; detailed breakdown not ova sable.

r 66,500 or more; detailed breakdown not available. -

1 47,500 or more; detailed breakdown not avaable.

' 38,500 or more; detailed breakdown not ova !able.

6 Detailed breakdown not available beyond th s salary

'Less than 54,500; detailed breakdown net available.

49

Less than 55,500; dolailed breakdown not available.

'Less than 37,500; detailed breakdown not available.

SOURCE:National Education Association, Research Division, Research Report _ 1972-R2, "Economic Status of the Teaching Prolessitn, 1971-72." (CoPyrigh$

1972 by the National Education Association. All rights reserved.)

-
Table 511.-Avorage annual salary of instructional staff 1 in full-time public elementary and secondary day schools. by State:

1929-30 to 197142

Slate

Unadjusted dollars Adjusted dollars (1971.72 purchasing power) 1929-30 1939-40 .1949-50 1959-60 1969-70 1971.721 1929-30. 1939.45 1949.50 1959.60 1969.70 1971.72' 3 4 6 7 8. 9 10 11 12 13 United States' 51,470 51,441 43.010 41,174 53,840 00,100 13,414 54.242 55,230 57,246 59.630 510.100 Alabama 292 744 2,111 4,002 6,954 7,887 1,904 2,090 3,668 5.604 7,576 7,887 Alaska 1,728 (I) 6,859 10.993 14,514 4,154 (I) 9.605 11,976 14,584 Arizona 1,637 1044 3.556 5$90 3,975 9,589 3.935 4,546 6,178 7,823 9.777 . 9$89 Arkansas 673 584 1,801 3,295 6,445 7,217 1.618 1,719 3,129 4,614 7,021 7.217 California 2,123 2,351 (1) '6,600 9,980 11,800 5.103 6,921 (1) 9,243 10,872 11,800 Colorado 1,453 1,393 2,821 4,997 7.900 9.655 3,493 4,101 4.901 6,998 8,606 9.655 Connecticut 1,812 1.361 3,558 6,008 9,400 10,452 4,356 5,479 6,182 8,414 10,240 10,452

Delaware' 1,570 1;684 3,273 9,800 9,300 10.644 3,774 4,958 5,687 8,122 10,131 10.644 Dislricl of Columbia 2,269 2,350 3.920 6,280 11,075 11,301 5,454 6,918 6,611 8,795 12,069 11,381 Florida 876 1,012 2 ,058 5.080 8,600 9.500 2,106 2,979 5,139 7.114 9.369 9.500 Georgia 684 770 1,963 3.904 7,372 8,226 1,644 2,267 3,411 5,467 8,031 8,226 Hawaii 1.812 I') (1) 5,390 9,829 10,803 4,356 (1) (a) 7,548 10,708 10.803

Idaho 1,200 1,057 2,481 4,216 7,257 7,621 2.885 3,112 4.310 5.904 7,906 7,621

Illinois 1,630 1,700 3,458 15,814 9,9511 10,961 3,918 5,006 6,008 8,142 10.840 10,961

Indiana 1,466 IA33 3,401 5,542 9,574 10,300 3,524 4,219 5,909 7.761 10,430 10,300

Iowa 1,094 1.017 2,420 44,030 0.200 9,933 2,630 2,994 4,205 5,644 8.933 9,933 Kansas Kentucky

1,159 896

1,014

626 2,626

1,936

14.450

3,327

. 7,811

7,624

8,590

7,817

2,786

2,154

2,985

2,432

4.566

3.364

6.232

4.659 0,509

3,306

8,580

7,817 Louisiana 941 1,006 2,983 4,978 7,220 9,113 2,262 2,962 5,183 6,971 7,865 9,113 Maine 942 694 2.115 3,694 8,059 9,010 2,264 2,632 3,675 5,173 8,779 9,010

Maryland 1.5111 1,642 3,594 5,557 9,885 11,128 3.649 4,834 6,244 7,782 10,769 11.128 Massachusetts 1,875 2,037 3,338 '5,545 9,175 10,000 4,507 5;997 5,799 7,765 9,995 10.000 Michigan 1,534 1,576 3,420 .654 10,125 12.159 3.688 4,640 5,942 7,918 11,030 12,159 Minnesota 1,251 1,276 3,013 5,275 9,957 10.778 3,007 3,757 5,235 7.387 WM? 10,778

Mississippi 620 559 1,416 3,314 6,012 6,716 1,490 0,646 2,460 4,641 6,549 6,716 Missouri 1,235 1,159 2,591 4,536 8,091 9,156 2,969 3,412 4,484 6,352 9,814 9.156 Montana 1,215 1.134 2,962 "4,425 8,100 (1) 2,921 3.486 5,146 6.197 8,824 (a)

Nebraska 1,077 829 2,292 3,876 7,855 8,400 2.589 2,441 3,962 5.423 8,957 8,400 Navada 1,483 1,557 3,209 5,693 .9.689 10,600 3,565 4,584 5,575 7,972 10$55 10,600

New Hampshire 1,254 1,258 2,712 4.455 8,018 9,039 3.014 3,704 4,712 6,239 8,735 9,039

New Jersey 2,113 2,093 3,511 -u5$71 9.500 10 ,000 5,079 6,162 6,100 8.222 10.349 10,000 New Mexico 1,113 1,144 3,215 5,382 8,125 10,486 2,676 3,368 5.586 7.537 8051 10.486 New York 2,493 2.604 3,706 6,537 10,200 12,100 5,993 7,666 6,439 9,154 11,112 12,100 Norlh Carolina 873 946 2,688 4,178 7.744 8,345 *2,099 2,785 4,670 5,851 8,436 8,345 North Dakota 900 745 2,324 3,695 6,900 7,620. 2,164 2,193 4,038 51171 7,517 7,620 Ohio 1,665 1,587 3,088 5,124 8,594 9,509 4,002 4,672 5,365 7,176 9,362 9,509 Oklahoma 1,070 1,014 2,736 4,659 7,139 7,800 2,572 2,985 4,75,- 6,524 7,777 7,800

Oregon 1.612 1,333 3,323 5,535 9,200 9.857 3,875 3,924 5,773 7,751 10,022 9,857

Pennsylvania 1,620 1.640 3,006 5,308 9,000 10,300 3,894 4,828 5,223 7,433 9,805 HUM

Rhode Island..... ............ 1.437 1;809 3,294 u 5,499 8,900 10,268 3,454 5,326 5,723 7.701 9,696 10.268 South Carolina 788 743 1,891 3,450 7,000 7,650 1,894 2,187 3,285 4,831 7.626 7,650

South Dakota 956 807 2,064 3,725 6,700 7,900 2298' 2.376 3,506 5,216 7,299 7,900 Tennessee 902 862 2,302 3,929 7,290 - 8,150 2.168 2.538 3.999 5,502 7,942 8,150 Texas 924 1,079 3,122 4,708 7,503 8,650 2,221 3,177 5,424 6,593 8,174 8,650 Utah 1,330 1,394 3,103 5,096 8,049 8,981 3.197 4,104 5,391 7,136 8,769 8,981 Vermont 963 981 2,348 4,466 8,225 9,010 2,315 2,888 4,079 6,254 8,960 9,010

Virginia 861 399 2,328 4.312 8,200 9,400 2,070 2,647 4,045 6.039 8,933 9,400

Washington 1,556 1.706 3,487 115,643 .9,500 10,705 3,740 5,022 6,058 7,902 10,349 10,705

West Virginia 1,023 1.170 2,425 3.952 7.850 8,330 2.459 3,444 4,213 5,534 8,552 B.330 Wisconsin 1,399 '1,379 3,007 u 4,870 9,150 10,780 3,363 4.060 5,224 6,820 9,963 10,780

Wyoming 1,239 1.169 2,798 4,937 8,532 9.174 2,978 3,442 4 61 6.914 9,295 9.474 Outlying areas; American Samoa

.Canat Zone

I')

(a) 1") (6) 852

6,034 5.13010.400 5,12713,146

(61

(a)

(5)

(5) (3)

(5) (5)

5,127

13,146 Guam

Puerto RICO. Virgin Islands

(1) (1)

(a)

(I) (6) el

4,107

$2.360

3,407

7,800

(1)

I')

.10.970

6,253

9,500

(5)

(1)

(5)

(5)

(6)

(6)

(a)

(1)

(1)

(a)'

(I)

(5) (6)

10,970

6,253

9$00

1 Includes supervisors, principals, classroom teacher staff. Based on the Consumer Price Index. prepared by the

U.S. Department of Labor. 1 Estimated. Beginning In 1959-60. includes Alaska and Hawaii,

1 Oats not available.

Partly estimated by the Office of Education.

ExcludekIndetgaden teachers.

s, and other instructional Bureau of Wet Statistics,

50

Includes sulndnisicatiis. I Includes clerical assistants to instructional personnel. Is includes attendance personnel.

rr Excludes vocational schools not operated .as part of-the regulat public school system.

SOURCE: U.S. Department al Health. Education, and Welfare, Office of Education.

"Statistics of State School Systems"; and 'Fall 1971 Statistics of Public Schou:137
Table 50.-Selected statistics on schoolhOusing in full-time public elementary

and secondary day schools, by State: 1970.71 and fall 1921

Slate

Number of pupils on curtailed

sessions. fall 1971 Number of instruction rooms Total Elementary Secondary

Completed

during

1970-71 Abandoned during1970-71 Available

and in use,

fall 1971

1 2 3 4 5 - 6 7 United States Alabama

1370.736 1106.211 1264.575 2 65,300 '18.005 21,918,000

(a) (5) (3) ('I (1) (5) Alaska Arizona 17,278 9,040 8,238

102

(1) 16

(3) 3.246

(") Arkansas 105 493 . . 19.187 California 66.742 50,544 16.198 (a) (3) Colorado 2,065 1,213 852 1,404 256 23.610 Connecticut 7,063 2.410 4.651 (1) (') (1) Delaware District of Columbia

102 102 27689

83

24

5,642 5,845

florida 116,147 (4) 111,147 2,529 585 53,517

Georgia 4.544 3,359 1.185 1,802 941 45799 Hawaii 298 99 7.745

Idaho 157 103 7,923

Illinois (3) 1,900 300, 101,800

Indiana 2,543 1,897 645 1;301 116 50,238

Iowa :(9) *(4 (I) 425 310 29,381 Kansas 717 '360 25,953

Nodosity ----- 1,438 652 29,162 Louisiana (3) 907 36.166 Maine 4,880 2.977 1,903 271 214 10,463

Maryland 21,331 5,085 16,246 2,087 375 35,057 Massachusetts 20,179 430 19,749 3,236 383 47.659 Michigan 1,808 806 93.085 Minnesota 3,416 3,485 2,445 542 41,657

Mississippi 1.381 1,297 22,356 Missouri 950 967 10.182 Montana Nebraska 684 120 15,701 Nevada (a) (I) el 233 10 5,243

New Hampshire 241 133 7,059

New Jersey 32,521 20.591 11.930 2,621 775 62,734 New Mexico 31018 3,018 537 189 12,583 Mew York 35.919 28,355 5,110 1,226 143,743

North Carolina 1,358 832 53,842. North Dakota 232 240 7.971 Ohio (I) (I) Oklahoma 823 294 27.198 Orestes. 4 675 60 22.479 Pennsylvania 29,432 1,111 28,321 2,985 1.010 93,364

,Rhode Island 454 176 7,827 South Carotins (5) (3) 20,834

South Dakota- . 142 106 7,714 Tennessee 900 432 34,521 Texas 2,092 429 Utah . 95 30 11,543 Vermont 441 61 5,914

Virginia (a) (') (,) 1,728 1,001 50.622 Washington 927, (I) 35.915 West Virginia 174 174 556 359 16,825 Wisconsin 3,363 3.363 1,455 593 41,171

Wyoming (') (I) (5)

Outlying areas:

.=1 = r r..wm aU

American Samoa 7,998 6,013 1,985 --

Cane Zone 1 3 610 Guam.. Puerto Rico 255,971 161.801 94,170

186

517 253 1,04719,213 Virgin islands 840

tncomplete, Excludes States for which dala are not available.

2 Includes.astimatos for the nonreporting States.- Data not available.

51.

Data or column 3 included in column 4,

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health. Education. and Welfare, Olfice of Education,

"Fall 1971 Statistics of Public Schools."
... Table 60.--Selected characteristics of instructional rooms in public school plants, by State: 1964.65

IDala for rooms are rounded to nearest '1001

Stale

Total num- bet of

instructiona$

rooms in pub- Re school plants

instructional rooms' in permanent buildings by

completion date and combustibility

Instructional rooms' in Before 1920 and

combustible After 1920 andcombustible Before 1920 and noncombustible Alter 1920 and

noncombustible Nonpermanent

buildings Offsite Facilities

. Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 to 11 12 13. 14 United States 1,536,500 41,000 2.7 94,100 6.1 174,100 11.3 1,184,500 77.1 31,000 2.0 11,700 0.8 Alabama 28,000 600 2.3 4.700 16.9 800 2.8 21,200 755 500 1.9 100 .5 Alaska 1,900 (t) .6 500 29.5 0 0 1200 66,7 (t) 2.1 Pi 11 Arizona 13,700 100 .8 300 2.2 1.200 8.8 11.700 85.0 400 2.9 (7) .3 Arkansas 15,000 100 .6 1,800 11.8 900 5.8 11,800 78.9 300 2.1 100 .7 California 130,700 1,400 1.1 32,300 24.7 3.100 2.3 80.600 61,7 12.600 9.6 800 .6

-

. Colorado 18,100 600 3.5 500 2.9. 2,000 10.9 14,600 80.5 300 1.9 100 .3 Connecticut 21.000 500 2.4, 300 1.3 3,200' 15.1 16,800 80.1 100 .5 100 .6 Delaware 4,100 100 1.8 ('1 1.1 it) .3 3,900 95.9 it) .1 (_) .8 Distrkt of Colombia 4,900 0 0 0 0 900 19,4 3,900 79.8 (t) .7 (t) 0 Florida 39,300 600 1.5 1,400 3.5 1,800 4.5 32,800 83,4 2.500 6.4 300 .7 Georgia 37,200 500 1.3 2500 6.7 1,600 4.4 32,000 86.0 300 .7 300 .8 Hawaii 5,800 300 4.5 1.700 29.8 100 2.1. 3,400 59.1 200 4.1 (t) .3

Idaho, 6,900 400 5.9 400 5,3 - 1.100 16.0 4,800 70.4 (I) .5 100 1.8

Illinois 76,000 2,900 3.8 300 .4 13,700 18.0 58,200 76.6 300 .4 600 .8

Indiana 40,400 _ ..800 2.0 200 .5 8,100 20.1 30,800 76.4 300 .8 100 .3

Iowa 28,500 1.900 6.5, 500 1.9 6,600 23.2 19,000 66.8 100 .3 400 1.2 Kansas 25,200 400 1.7 500 1.9 3,100 12.5 20,500 81.4 500 1.8 200 .8 Kentucky 23,400 500 2.1 1,000 4.5 2,200 9.5 18,900 80.8 600 2.6 100 .6 Louisiana 32,000 500 1.5 2,500 7.8 1,600 5.0 25,800 80.7 1.200 3.9 400 1.2 Maine 8,300 1,200 14.8 1,900 22.5 800 10.2 4,200 51.0 (7) (') 100 _ 1.5 _ Maryland... 25,700 1,000 3.9 800 3.1 1,700 6.7 21,500 83,9 400 . 1,5 200 .9 Massachusetts 36,400 2.000 5.4 , 900 2.6 8,700 24.0 24,300 66.7 200 .4 . 300 .9 Michigan 64.500 1,900 . 2.9 700 1.1 6,100 9.5 55,300 85.7 200 .3 400 ,. .6 Minnesota 33,000 2,300 7,1 . 800 2.5 4,400 13.3 25,000 75.8 100 .3 300 .9 Mississippi 20.900 (I) .1 1.100 5.3 500 2.4 18,800 90.0. 300 12 200 1.0 Missouri 34,100 700 2.0 1,000 . 2.9 4,900 14.5 26,800 78.7 200 ,6 400 1.3 Montana 8,600 500 6.0 800 8,8 1.300 15.3 5.800 61.4 100 .7 200 1.8 Nebraska '17.300 1,400, 8.1 800 4.8 3,700 21.4 11.200 64.4 100 ,7 100 .5 Nevada 3,500 100 2.7 100 3.5 200 6.1 , 3,000 85.3 100 2.2 (t) .1 New Hampshire 5,200 500 10.0 200 3.3 '800 14,8 3,700 71.1 (7) .1 (t) .8 New Jersey 46,000 1,400 3.0 300 .6 8,900 19.4 35,200 76.5 (I) .1 200 .5 New Mexico 10.200 100 .7 300 2.7, 500 4.5 9,000 88.4 400 3.5 (t) .2 New York 118,100 2.100 1,8 500 .4 17,600 14.9 96,100 81.3 500 .4 1,400 1.2 North Carolina 45.100 600 1.4 3,900 8.8 2,200 4.8 37,500 83.2 800 1.8 100 .2 1100 Dakota 7.400 500 7.4 400 5,7 1,200 16.8 5,000 67.9 (I) .6 100 1.7 Ohio 83,200 800 1.0 ', 100 .1 14,800 17.8 66,300 79.7 200 .3 1,000 1.2 Oklahoma 25,800 300 '1.3' -1,000 4.0 . 2,300 9.0 21.000 81.4 800 3.0 300 1.3 Oregon 18,900 600 3.1 5,400 28.5 1,200 6.6 11,400 60.4 200 1.1 (7) .3 Pennsylvania...., 79,500 2,100 2.6 800 1.0 16,100 20.2 59,700 75.1 400 .6 400 .5 Rhode Island 5,900 600 , 9.5 200 3.9 1,000 16.2 4,200 70.3 0 0 ('1 .2 South Carolina 23,200 300 1.2 1,700 7,2 1,200 5.3 19,700 84.7 300 1,4 ft) .2 South Dakole 8,600 1,100 13.0 900 10.6 1,400 .16.5 4,900 56.6 100 1.7 100 1,3 Tennessee' 31,400 600 2.0 4,500 14.3 15 00 5.7

. 24,000 76.4 400 1.4 (9 .2 Texas 92,000 400 .4 4,300 4.7 5,200 5.7 78,400 85.2 2,900 3.1 800 .9 Utah 10,100 400 3.6 300 3.0 1,700 16.4 7,700 76.5 (t) .3 (') .2

, . Vermont 3.700 700 15.3 300 7.9 500 14.7 2,100 56.5 It) (z) t00 1,9

Virginia 24.500 1.000 2.9 2,000 5.8 2,000 5,8 28,700 83.4 600 1.8 100 .4 Washington 29.200 700 2.3 3,900 13.5 2,100 7.3 21,300 73.0 1,000 3.5 100 .5 West Virginia 17,100 1,100 6.7 1,900 10.9 2.200 12.7 11,600 67.9 100 .8 200 1.0 Wisconsin 32,600 1,800 5.6 500 1.5 4,500 13.8 25,300 77.8 100 .3 400 1.2 Wyoming 4,500 100 1.9 . 200 5.5 400 8.6 3,700 82.8 ft) .7 ('3 .5 Outlying areas 14,000 200 1,4 2,200 15.7 NO 5 . 7 9,400 6 7 . 1 S O O 5 7 600 4,3 American Samoa 200 0 0 (t) .5 0 0 100 54.8 100 42.4 It) 2.3 Canal Zone 500 0 0 100 15.3 100 10.5 400 71.6 .(t) .8 , (,) 1.8 Guam 400 0 0 (9 9.6 0 0 300 80.2 (t) 104, 0 0 Puerto Rico 12,900 200 1.4 2,000 15.8 800 6.0 8,600 66.5 700 5.4 600 4.9 1 Includes improvised or makeshift rooms used for instructional purposes.

t Less than 50. NOTE,-Because of rounding and of varying inflation factors applied to individual

school plants, detail may not add to totals.

52

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, . "Condition of Public School Plants, 1564.65."
Number of School Districts Continues to Decline

The number of school districts in the United

States is continuing to decline. The Office of Education reports that in the fall of 1969 there were

19.169 public school districtsa decrease of

1.271, or 6 percent, from the 20,440 districts in

the preceding year. Nearly four-fifths of the decrease occurred in the Midwest, the region that

still has close to one -half of the school districts in

the country. A total of 999 districts were eliminated

in 12 Midwestern States between the fall of 1968

and the fall of 1969. Three States had decreases

of more than 100: South Dakota, 441; Nebraska,

193; and Minnesota, 148.

This marked decline has been occurring for over

20 years. The 1969-70 total of 19.169 districts

was less than one-fourth the number in 1949-50

and less than one-half the number in 19b9-60

(see the accompanying chart). Despite this continuing trend, there are still four States with over

1,000 districts: Nebraska. 1.820: Illinois, 1,227;

Texas. 1.216; and California, 1,02.

The reduction in the number of school districts

is the result of reorganization laws. the consolidation of small districts, and the elimination of

nonoperating school districts. In 1969 there were

stilt 945 districts that did not operate schools.

These nor 4perating districts either had no pupils

during the 1969-70 school year or sent them to

school in another district on a tuition basis.

NEVA A. CARLSON.

specialist in educational statistics

Figure 7.Number of public school districts: United States. 1949-50 to 1969-70

Thoesanols

00

10

,===

1949-60 1951-52 1953-54 1955-56 1957-59 1959-60 1961-62 1963 -64 1965-66 196748 1969-70

Wool year

SOURCE: U.S. Doprtront of Nona. Idoedios. end UMW*. 011k. Of 941outioo. "01.5! 54 nocotionO1 Stdio1154 44 "NI 1969

Wishes of Public Sobools."

53
Table 61.-Number of local basic administrative units

(school districts), by State:Fall 1971

Stale

School districts, loll 1971 Decrease

in total number of districts

since fall 1966

(+ denotes

increase) Total Operating Non- operating

1 2 3 5 United States 17,289 16,238 451 6,175- Alabama 124 124 +6

Alaska 29 29 Arizona 297 - 283 14 1 Arkansas 387 384 3 California 11160 1.060 127 Colorado 181 181 2 Connecticut 169 169 9 Delaware 26 26 25 District of Columbia 1 1 . 0 Florida 67 67, 0 Georgia 189 189 7 Hawaii 1 1 0

Idaho 115 115 2

Illinois 1,145 1,142 3 195

Indiana 317 315 2 89

Iowa t52 452 49 Kansas 311 311 38 Kentucky 190 190 10 Louisiana 66 66 Maine 293 241 52 49 Maryland 24 24 0 Massachusetts 410 373 37 +18

Michigan 623 615 8 307 Minnesota 445 442 3 879 Mississippi 150 150 +1 Missouri 630 629 1 258 Montana 741 671 70 132 Nebraska 1,526 1,406 120 862 Nevada 17 17 New Hampshire 167 855 32 New Amy 597 578 19 +4

New MEXICO 89 89 1 New York 759 735 228 North Carolina 152 152 17 North Dakota 388 349 39 159 Ohio 625 625 87 Oklahoma 653 653 341 Oregon 311 340 49 Pennsylvania 512 511 - 1 83 Rhode Island.. 40 40 0 South Carolina 93 93 15 South Dakota 233 222 11 1,782 Tennessee 147 147 4 Texas 1,151 1,147 152 Utah 10 10 0 Vermont 274 250 24 Virginia 140 135 5 +9

Washington 320 319 40 West Virginia 55 55 0 Wisconsin 449 449 as Wyoming 79 79 94 Outlying areas; American Samoa 1 0 Canal Zone 1 0 Giant 1 0 Paerlo Rico 0 Virgin Islands 1 0 SOURCE; U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare. Office of Education,

"Fall Statistics of Public Schools," 1971 and 1966.

54

Table 62.-Number of public school systems

and number of pupils enrolled, by size

of system: United States, 1966-67

Enrollment size'

1 Total

25,000 or more

12,000 to 24,999

LOOM 11.994

3,00010 5.999

1,80010 2,999

1,200 10 1.799

600 to 1,199

300 to 594

150 to 299 50 to 149

15 1049 1 lo 14 None'

.1

School systems Pupils enrolled Number Percent Number (In

thousands) Percent

3 4 5 23,390 100.0 '43,842 100.0

170 .7 12.590 28.7 350 1.5 5,730 13.1 880 3.8 7,243 16.6

1.726 7.4 7.178 16.4

1,819 7.8 4,251 9.,

1,636 7.0 7,416 5.5

2,838 12.1 2,437 5.6

2,723 11.6 1,185 2.7 2,091 8.9 459 1.0

2,230 9.5 209 .5

2,673 [1.4 71 .2 2.326 10.2 22 .1 1,868 8.0 Elaiad on the number of pupils enrolled in October 1966.

I Includes 992,000 students enrolled al the college level. -

I Systems not operating schools.

NOTE.-Because of rounding, detail may not add to Iola's.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Roseau of the Census. '1957 Census of

'Governments," CG-P-3, "Public School Syslems in 196667."

Table 63.-Number of local basic administritive units

(school districts), and number of public and nonpublic

elementary and secondary schools: United States,

1929-30 to 1970-71

School year

Public school systems Nonpublic schools' School diskictsl

Elementary schools Secondary

schools Etementary Secondary

Total I-leacher 2 3 4 5 6 7

. . 1929-30 (,) 238.306 149,232 23,930 9,275 3,258 193132 127,531 232,750 143,391 26,409 9,734 3.289 1933.34 (I) 236,236 139352 24,714 9,992 .3,327

1935-36 (1) 232,174 131,101 25,652 9,992 3,327 1937-38 114,001 221,660 121,178 25,467 9,992 3,327 1939.40 117,108 (3) 113,600 (a) 11,306 3,568

1941.42 115,493 113,112 107,692 25,123 10,285 3,011

1943-44 111,383 169,905 96.302 28,973 10,265 3,011 194546 101.382 160.227 86,563 24,314 9,863 3,294 1967-48 94,926 146,760 75,096 25.484 10,071 3.292

1949-50 83,718 128,225 59,652 24,542 10,375 3,331 1951-52 71,094 123,763 50,742 23,716 10,666 3,372 195354 63.057 110,875 42,865 25,637 11,739 3,913

1955-56 54,859 104.427 34,964 26,046 12,372 3,887

1957.58 47,594 95,445 25,341 25.507 13,065 3,994

1959.60 40,520 91,853 20,213 25,784 13,574 4,(61

1961.62 35,676 81,910 13,333 25,350 14,762 4,124

1963.64 31.705 77.594 9.895 26,431 . (3) 4,451 1965-66 26,983 73.216 6,491 26,597 15,340 4,606

1967.68 22,010 70,879 4,146 27,011 414,900 4,300

1970.71.; 17.995 66,800 1,815 25,352 14,372 3,770

I Data for most years are party estimated.

Includes operating and nonoperat ng districls. Data nol available. 4 Eslimated. NOTE-Beginning in 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

'Statistics of State School Systems": "Fall Statistics of Public Schools"; and

"Stalistks of Nonpublic Elementary and Secondary Schools."
Table 64.-N umber and percent of public secondary schools, by type of school: United States, 1919.20 to 1965.66

School year Total Type of schoolSchool year Total Type of school

Traditional/Junior/ Senior' Junior- senior 3 Tratli

tionall Junior r Seniors Junior.senior!

1 "2 3 4 5 6 3 2 3 4 S 6 1919-20: - 1951-52: Number 14,326 13.421 55 22 828 Number 23,746 10,168 3,227 1,760 8.591 Percent. "._ 100.0 93.7 0,4 0.1 5.8 Percent 400.0 42.8 13.6 7.4 36.2 1929.30: 1958-59: Number 22.237 16.460 1,842 648 3,287 Number 24.190 6,024 4,996 3'840 10.130 Percent 100.0 74.0 8.3 2.9 14.8 Percent 100.0 24.9 20.6 12.6 41.9 1937.38: 1963-64: Number 25.057 15.523 2,372 959 6,203 Number 1 25,926 7,173 7.143 5.5611 61342 / Percent 100,0 61.9 9.5 3.3 24.6 Percent 100.0 27.7 27.6 21.5 23.3 194546; 1965.66: Number 24.122 13.797 2,653 1,312 6.360 Number '26.098 8.176 7,920 4,942 . 5,060 Percent 100,0 57.2 11.0 5.4 26.4 Percent 100.0 31.3 30.3 18.9 19.4 NOTE.-Prior to 1963.64, data are for 48 States and District of Columbia. Because

01 /10014i011. percentages may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education.

"Statistics of Education in the United States", 1958.59 series. Number 1. "Public

Schools"; and "Statistics 01 State School Syslems."

/ Includes regular 4 year high schools preceded by 8-year elementary schools. No

feminization has taken place.

/ Includes 2 and 3-year junior high schools.

/ Includes 3- and 4-year senior high schools preceded by junior high schools.

includes S. and 6-year high schools.

/ Excludes incomplete regular high schools and vocational or trade high schools

(505 in 1963-64 and 499 in 1965-661.

Table 45.-Number of high school graduates compared with population 17 years of age:

United States, 1669.70 to 1970-71

School year

Popo-

!alien

17 years

olds

High school graduates' Number graduated per

100 persons

17 years of age

School year

Pope .

lalion

17 years old/

High school graduates / Number graduated per

100 persons

17 years of age

'Total Boys Girls

. Total Boys Girls

1 2 3 4 S 6 2 3 4 5 6

. .. 1869-70 815,000 16.000 7,064 8,936 2.0 1949 -50_ 2,034,450 1.199,700 '570,700 629,000 59.0 1879-80 946,926 23.634 10.605 13,029 2.5 1951-52 2010.800 1,196.500 569.200 627,300 58.6

1889-90 1259.177 43,731 25,182 3.5 1953-54 2,128,600 1.276,100 612,500 663,500 60.0

1899.1900 1,489.146 94.883 1854938,075 56,808 6.4 1955,56 ".." 2,270.030 1.414,800 679,500 735.300 62.3

1909.10 1.786,240 156.429 63,676 92,753 3.8 195748 2,324.000 1,505,900 725,500 780,400 64.8

1919-20 1,855,173 . 311266 123,684 187,582 16.8 1959-60 2,862.005 1,864.000 898.000 966,000 65.1 1929-30 2,295,822 666,904 300.376 366.528 29.0 1961-62 2,768.000 1,925,000 941,0110 984.000 69.5

1939-40 2.403,074 1.221,475 578.718 642.757 50.8 1963-64 3,001,000 2,290,000 1,121.000 1,169,000 76.3, 1941-42 2.425,574 1,242,375 576,717 665,658 51.2 1965.66 3,515,000 2,632.000 1,308,000 1,324,000 74.9

1943-44 2.410,384 1.019,233 423,971 595,262 42.3 1967.68 3.521,000 2,702,000 1.341,000 1,361,000 . 76.7. 1945 -46. 2,254,738 1,080,033 466,926 613.107 47.9 1969-70, 3,825,343 2,896,000 1,433,000 1,463.000 75.7

1947-48 2,202,927 1.189,909 562,863 627.046 , .54.0 1970-71/ 3,678.000 2944,000 1,457,000 1,487.000 75.9

r Includes graduates of public and nonpublic schools. Data tram the Bureau at the Census. Preliminary data.

. NOTE.- Beginning in 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii.

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education.

"Biennial Survey of Education in the United States.' chapters on Statistical Summary of Educalion; 'Slashes of State School Systems"; "Statistics of Nonpublic

Elementary and Secondary Schools"; and unpublished dale available in the Office

01 Education. Table M.-Percent of high school dropouts among persons 14 to 19 years old, by race and sex:

United States, 1970 and 1971 '

Age

1970 1971 Negro White Negro While Male Female. Male Female Male Female Male female

1 2 3 6 7 9 Total, 14 to 19 years old 15.9 13.3 6.7 . 8.1 11.6 10.5 6.9 7.3

_ . 14 years old .9 2.9 1.4 1.1 .9 .4 1.0

15 years old 3.3 2.7 2.0 2.4 3.8 1.5 1.1 1.9 16 years old 101 11.1 5.0 6.7 7.2 4.2 5.3 62

17 years old.. 16.0 13.7 7.6 10.2 11.8 15.2 7,6 11.0 18 years old 29,8- 27.8 13.6 14.1 22.7 20.8 12.3 13.6 19 years out 44.1 25.8 12.9 15,7 29.3 24.6 15.9 14.0 NOTE.--Oropouts are persons who are not enrolled in school and who are not high school graduates.

SOURCE: L.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau 01 the Ceases, "Current Populatioir Reports," Series P-23, No.42.

55
High School Graduates Compared With Population 17 Years of Age

The Office of Education estimates that 3.050.000

young people graduated from American high

schools during the school year which ended in

June 1972. This estimate is about 150.000 above

the record number of 2.9 million persons who

graduated in the class of 1970.

The size of these graduating classes reflects the

high birth rate in the early 1950's and also the

increasing tendency of students to remain in school

at least until high school graduation. During the

past century, as the accompanying chart shows,

the proportion of young people finishing high

school has steadily increased. Between 1870 and

1970 the number of high school graduates for

each 100 persons in the population 17 years old

rose from 2 to 76.

In the class of 19740, as in each graduating

class for the past 100 years, there were more girls

than boys. Of the 2,896,000 graduates. 1.463,000

(50.5 percent) were girls, and 1.433,000 (49.5

percent) were boys. This represents a substantial

change in the distribution of graduates since 1920,

when girls made up 60 percent of the graduating

class.

The figures for high school graduates reported

above include graduates of both public and private

schools. In 1970, approximately 90 percent of the

graduates were awarded their diplomas by public

high schools and the remaining ten percent by

private high schools. In addition, each year a number of persons are granted high school equivalency

certificates. In 1969-70, approximately 142.000

persons received these certificates.

NEVA A. CARLSON.

specialist in educational statistics

Figure 8.Number of high school graduates for each 100 persons 17 years

of age: United States. 1869-70 to 1969-70

80

70

60

i so =I

'S40 I

§z

30

20

10

0

11170 1880 1990 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970

SOURCE: Table 65.

56
Table 67.-N umber of public and nonpublic high school graduates, by sex and by State: 1970.71

Slate

Public high school graduates' Nonpublic high school graduates'

Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls

2 3 4 5 6 7 United States 2,637,000 1,309,000 1.329.000 300,000 144,000 156,000 Alabama 44,722 21.666 23.056 1.700 800 900 Alaska 3,534 1,817 - 1,717 200 100 100 Arizona 23.407 11,539 11,868 1,400 700 700 Arkansas 25,965 13,112 12,853 700 300 400 California 262,661 130.668 131,993 19,500 9.200 10,300 Colorado 31,910 16,017 15,893 2,100 1.000 1.100 Connecticul 35.155 16,898 18,257 7,7C0 4,000 3.700 Delaware 7,342 3,464 3,878 1.030 600 400 District of Columbia 4,760 1,821 2.939 1.800 1.000 800 Florida 73,150 36.472 36,678 3,000 1,600 1,400 Georgia 57,082 27,733 29,349 2,100 1.309 800 Hawaii 10.471 5.129 5.342 1,800 1.000 800

Idaho 12.360 6,312 6.048 300 100 200

Illinois 128,843 63,673 65.170 24,300 11.100 13,200

Indiana 70,596 35,928 34.668 5,600 2,700 2,900

Iowa 43,546 22,159 21,387' 5.400 2.600 2.800 Kansas 33,442 16,708 16,734 2,600 1,200 1.400 Ken lucky 38,446 19,045 19,441 4.900 2,400 2.500 Louisiana 44.446 21,394 23,052 6.100 2.800 3.300 Maine 13,857 6,961 -6.896 3,000 1,700 1,300 Maryland 48,219 23,152 25.067 6,300 2.900 3.400 Massachusetts 62.153 30,944 31.209 16.700 7.800 8,200

Michigan (1) (11 0) 17,200 8.000 9,200 Minnesola .... 60.966 30.768 30,198 6,400 2.800 3,600

Mississippi 526,729 12,867 13,862 1,000 500 500 Missouri 57,422 29,076 28,346 7,900 4,000 3,900 Montana 01 (1) 1,100 500 600 Nebraska 21,400 00,899 10,511 2,800 1,400 1,400 Nevada 5.899 3,064 2.835 200 100 100 New Hampshire 9,119 4,505 4,614 2.500 1,500' 1,000 New Jerry 587.718 43,596 44,122 12,900 6.200 6.700 New Mexico 16.261 8.041 8,220 400 400 New York 192,807 95,440 97,367 41,100 18,700 22,400

North Carolina 68.821 33,593 35,228 1,100 500 600 North Dakota. 11,033 5,680 5,322 1.200 600 600 Ohio 145,076 72,693 72,363 18,600 8,800 9,800 Oklahoma 38,062 19,508 10,554 400 400 Oregon 32,757 16.255 16,502

_800 1.700 800 900 Pennsylvania 152,928 77,192 75,734 31,500 15.200 16,300 Rhode !shod 10,435 , 5,095 5,340 2,500 1,300 '1,200 South Carolina 35.992 17,308 18,694 700 400 300 South Dakota 11,875 6.069 5,806 '700 300 400 Tennessee 50.500 24.324 26,176 2,700 1,700 1,000 TOX3$ 148,f05 73,626 74.479 5,700 2.800 2,900 Utah 19.097 9.642 9,455 400' 200 200 Vermont 5,939 2,932 3.007 1,700 900 800 Virginia 59,672 28.472 31,200 3.800 - 2.200 1,600 Washinglon- 50,902 425.400 25,502 2,700 1.100 1,600

West Virginia 25,485 12,575 12,910 800 400 400 Wisconsin 67,182 33.535 33,647 11,100 5,300 5,800

Wyoming 5,635 2.925 2.710 200 100 100 Outlying *roast American Samoa 367 219 '14B 40 30 10 Canal Zone 747 369 378 Guam. 1,022 463 559 130 50 80 Puerto Rico 23.026 10,312 12,714 2,190 830 1,360 Virgin Islands 432 214 218 80 20 60

' Excludes approximaleiy 7,000 graduates of subcoltegiato departmen s 01 home- i Data not available. . house higher education, Federal schools Ion Indians and oz. Vederalinslailations, - s Includes summer 1971 high school graduates.

and residential schools for exceptienal children. . Distribution by sex estimated by the Office of Eduealion.

' Estimaled. . SOURCE: H.S. Departmenl of Health, Education. and Wallace, Office ol Education,

3 Includes estimates tor the nonreporhrig Stales. "Fall 1971 Statistics of Public Schools": and Office of Education estimates.

57
Table 68.-Estimated revenue and nenrevenue receipts of public elementary and secondary schools.

by source and by Slate: 1911-72

[Amounts in thousands of dollars) Slate Total revenue and

nonsevenue

receipts ,

Revenue receipts Nonrevenue Troll receipts

Federal' Sta e Local and other= Amount percent

of total Amount Percent of lotal Amount Percent of total 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 United States.. $50,127,357 546,644,623 13,305,707 7.1 819,062,836 40.9 824.276,080 52.0 13,482,734

It lahoma 491,819 481,819 88,447 18,3 3 298.772 62.0 95,0110 19.7 10,000 Masks 164,201 137,214 23.880 17,4 97,186 70.8 16.148 11,8 26,987 Arizona 451,556 420,620 35,196 8.4 181,002 434 204,422 489 30.926 Arkansas 302.403 278.343 48.100 17.3 128.243 46.1 102.000 36.6 24.060 Californias 4,776,291 4,376,291 267,118 6.1 1,522,835 34.8 2,586.338 59.1 400,000 Colorado 626,495 566,495 48,274 8.5 160,222 28.3 358,000 63.2 60,000 Connecticut 921,729 911,729 28.004 3.1 210.679 23.1 673,046 73.8 10,000 Delaware 203,933 167,033 11.833 7.1 116,000 69.4 39,200 23.5 36.900 District of Columbia 219,458 219.458 130.845 14.1 188913 35.9 Florida 1.380,407 1,305,407 026,915 9.7 708,663 54.3 469,829 36.0 75,000

Georgia 778,058 728,058 78,862 10.8 383.337 52.7 265.839 36.5 50,000 Hawaii 219,573 .219,573 111,487 8.4 194,167 882 6,319 2.9 0

Idaho 146,937 146,437 17,932 122 58,239 39.8 70,266 48.0 500

Illinois 3,027,819 2,911.434 143,200 4.9 1,059.765 36.3 1.714.469 58.8 110,385

Indiana 1.193.000 1,165200 63,000 5.1 382.000 32.8 720,000 61.8 28.000

Iowa 780,800 750,800 18,800 2.5 180,000 24,0 552,000 73.5 30,000 Kansas 541,279 490.279 33.371 6.8 146,705 29.9 310,203 63.3 51.000 Kentecky 566.359 516,359 85.000 16,5 276,359 532 155,000 30.0 50,000 Louisiana 818,000 738,000 92,1300 12.5 423,000 57.0 225,000 30.5 80,000 Maine 222,746 202,746 *14.804 7.3 65,139 32.1 122,803 60.6 20,000

Maryland . 1,218,324 1.165,682 83,713 7.1 512,964 43.3 f 535.005 49.7 32,642 Massachusells 4 1.485,000 1,385.000 65.000 4.7 300,000 21.7 1.020.000 73.6 100,030 Michigan 2,722.328 2.393.328 90,000 3.8 1,065,428 44.5 1.237.900 51.7 329.030 Minnesota 1,135.000 '1,010,000 45,000 4.5 550,000 54.5 415.000 41.1 125.000 Mississippi 384,564 369,564 96,000 26.0 184,218 49.8 89,346 24.2 15.000 Missouri 931,781 883.781 60 .000 6,8 317.000 35.9 504,781 57,2 50,000 Montana 164,853 159,853 13,538 8.5 38,169 23.9 108.146 67.7 5.000 Nebraska.. -, 257750 242.250 15,5110 6.4 42,000 17.3 184,750 70,3 15,500 Nevada 146,200 126,200 7,500 5.9 53,003 42.0 65.700 52,1 20.000 New Hampshire' 151,534 142,034 7.000 5.0 7,534 5.3 121,400 89.7 9,500

Hew Jersey 2.062.000 1,942.000' 84,000 4,3 488.000 25.1 1.370.000 70.5 120,000 New Mexico 238,931 234,519 43.486 18.5 146.079 62.3 44.954 19.2 4,412 New York" 5,821911 5,346,071 286.483 . 5,4 2234,564 47.4 2.525.024 47.2 475,080 North Carolina 917,553 884,372 103,398 11,7 607,973 68.7 173,000 19.6 33,182 North Dakota 122,800 120,300 12,000 10.0 34,600 28.8 73,700 61.3 2.500 Ohio 2.435,000 2365,000 .135,000 6.2 660,000 30.5. 1,370,000 63.3 770,000 Oklahoma 442.311 414.311 48,200 11.6 168,481 40.1 197,630 47.7 28,000

Oregon $14,738 514,738 .23979 4.5 102,385 19.9 389,274 75.6 60,000

Pennsylvania 2,910,107 2,805,107 131,200 4.9 1,366,307 48.7 *1,301200 46.4 105,000 Rhode Island 198,351 182,258 14.216 7,8 67,863 37.2 . 100,239' 55.0 16,093 South Carolina 505,756 487,756 80,381 16.5 280,000 57.4 127,375 26.1 18,030 South Dakota 138,053 134,553 03,500 10.0 20.843 15.5 100,210 74.5 3,500 Tennessee 687,626 637,626 84,500 13.3 289.477 45.4 263,649 41.3 50,000 Texas 2.596,563 2,396.617 203,384 8.5 1,153,183 48.1 1,040.050 43.4 199,946 Utah 246.333 241,642 19,010 7.9 128,579 532 94,063 38.9 4,691 Vermont- 243,800 134,800 8,200 6.1 44.500 33.0 - 82.100 60.9 9,090

Virginia 1,174,500 1,039.500 110,500 10.6 356.000 34.2 573,000 55.1 135,000

Washington 928,489 838,489 64,159 7.7 428,000 51.0 346.330 41.3 90.000 Wes' Virginia 304,000 298.000 36,970 12.4 148.745 49.9 112,285 37.7 6,000 Wisconsin 1,165,561 1,770,561 34.786 3.1 350,962 31.6 724,813 : 652 55,000

Wyoming 1 83,617 81.617 6.226 7.6 25.030 30.8 50,261 61.6 2.0*

1 Federal revenue receipts Include Federal grant programs to State and iota school

systems, including funds under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act,

Economic Opporlunity Act, aid to federally impacted -areas, National Defense

Education Act. Manpower Oem-lopment and Training, vocational education, etc.

Funds receivecklrom the School Limb and Milk Program are included, but reporting on Alm money value of commodities received is incomplete. ESEA revenues

have generally been estimated on a cash expenditure basis.

° Local and other revenue receipts include revenr'e receipts from local and le termediate sources, gifts, and tuition and fees from patrons.

1 Includes social security and teacher retirement for ail educational agencies and

institutions. 58

Estimated by Nalional Education Association Research Division.

Includes Federal appropriations for capital oullay, civil defense. Capitol Page

School, and other federally funded programs.

Excludes State's share of teacher retirement and social security. , NOTE.- Because of rounding, percents may not- add to 100.0.

SOURCE: Mahone' Education Assoc; Ition, Research Division, Research Report

19714113, "Estimates of School Statistics, 1971-727 (Copyright ei 1971 by the

Nalional Education Association. All rights reserved.)
Table 69.--Revenue receipts of public elementary and secondary schools from Federal.

State, local, and other sources, by State: 1369-70

'!Amounts in thousands of dollaisi State Toial revenue

receipts

.

Federal' State Local sources

fincluding int ermediatef; Amount. Percent of lotal Amount Percent of total Amount Percent of total 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

,United States $40,266,923 53,219,557 8.0 516,062.776 39.9 0,984,589 52.8 Alabama 471,135 86,485 184 283,934 50.3 100,717 21.4 Alaska 99,228 22.08? 22.3 57,604 58.1 19,542 19 -7 Arizona 351,221 42,142 12.0 170,347 48.5 138,732 39.5 Arkansas 252.263 47,801 18.9 110.438 43.8 94,025 37.3 California 3 4,813,950 281,729 5.9 1,535,872 ' 31.9 2,996,349 62.2 Colorado 1155,102 46,450 10.2 119,252 26.2 - 289.400 63.6 Connecticut 597,973 26,691 4.5 285.281, 47.7 286,001 47,8 Delaware 152.249 10.547 6.9 112,650 74,0 29,053 19)

District of Columbia 175,021 45,192 .25.8 . 129,829 74.2 Florida 1,148,180 122,884 10.7 631237 55.0 393,958 44,3

Georgia 720,863 102.995 14,3 382,296 53.0 235,572 32) Hawaii 186,230 20.461 11.0 159,705 85.8 "63

3.2

Idaho 121,632 14,127 11.6 47,673 39.2 59.832 49,2

Illinois . 2,473,392 123.792 5,0 768.305 31.1 1.581,295 63.9

Indiana 867,793 52.353 6.0 342.330 39.4 473.109 54.5

Iowa 638.030 34.454 5.4 158,414 24,8 445.162 69.8 Kansas 436,790 34,255 7.8 136,311 31.2 ' 266,224 61.0 Kenlucky 450,845 79.270 17.6 235,153 52.2 136.422 30.3 Louisiana 590,865 70.967 12.0 332.099 56.2 187,799 31.8 Maine 187,370 14,144 15 70,156 37.4 103,070 55.0 Maryland 859,225 70,073 8.2 294.525 34.3 494.627 57.6 Massachusetts 1.122,367 56.909 +1- -. 257.361 22.9 808,097 72.0 Michigan 1,902,064 91.048 ?-'4.11 856.213 45.0 - 954,803 502 Minnesota 935,981 56,434 6.0 443,505 47.4 436.042 46,6 Mississippi 321.407 67,038 20.9 169.456 52.7 84,914 26.4 Missouri 831,922 61-.543 7.4 260,541 31.3 509,837 61.3 Montana; 160.447 9,066 - 6.7 38,752 24.2 112,630 70.2 Nebraska 243,012 18.389 7.6 . 46,983 19.3 . 177,640 73.1 Nevada - 105,721 10,653 10.1 37.771 35.7 57,297 54.2 New Hampshire 121,155 8,492 7.0 14,410 11.9 98,252 81.1 New Jersey; 1,528,800 82,435 5.4 411,062 26.9 1,035,303 67.7 New Mexico 209.394 39.223 18.7 128,305 61.3 41,866 20.0 New York 4,557,429 234,621 5.1 2,098,377 46.0 2,224.430 48.8 North Carolina - 781,457 126,942 16.2 464.526 59.4' 189,989 24,3 North Dakota 121,797 16,882 13.9 31,157 25.6 73,759 60.6 Ohio 1,901,020 1013,589 5.7 515.496 27.1 1,276.935 67.2 Oklahoma 384.583 ' 48.741 i2.7 148.693 38.7 187.149 48.7 Oregon _,448.347 24,664 5.5 98,278 21.9 325,404 72.6 Pennsylvania 2,270.900 138.553 - 6.1 1,052.230 46.3 1,080,116 47.6 Rhode Island 164.760 11,095 6.7 64,055 38.9 89,611 54.4 South Carolina 440,697 . 67.067 15.2 262,886 . 59.7 110.744 25.1 South Dakota 121,562 16,890 13.9 16,544 13.6 88.128 72.5 Tennessee 546,319 79,577 144 251,804 46.1 214,938 39.3 Texas 1,820,809 209.923 11.5 839,946 46.1 776,940 42.3 Utak; 218.712 21,156 9.7 113,123 51.7 84,433 38.6 Vermont Virginia

102.759 831,555

6,071

137,380 5.914.1

. 41,391 292,457 40.3

35.2 55,297 421.718

.53.8

56.7 Washington 761,461 55,380 7.3 424,927 55,11 281,163 36.9 West Virginia .. 279,993 37,943 13.6 148,151 52.9 93,899 33.5 Wisconsin 905,916 41,567 4.6 272,979. 591,421 65.3 Wyoming 75,170 6.392 8.5 21,715 36.30.1 " 41,063 54.6 Outlying areas:

Canal Ion. 17,973 17,973 100.0 ..... ____ Guam 30,823 6,134 19,9' 24,689 80.1 ____

; Includes value of commodities distributed under the school lunch and milk

programs. . Includes a relatively minor amount from other sources (gifts and tuition and transportation fees from patrons) which accounted for 0.4 -percent of total revenue

receipts in 1967-68.

; Data gym published annual State report.

59

Both State and local revenues are reported even though the entire State of Hawaii

is regarded as a single school system.

; Data are for 1970-71.

NOTE.-Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: US. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, ONice of Education.

"Statistics of State School Systems, 1969-70:"
Table 70.-Publie elernentary.and secondary school revenue receipts from Federal,

State, and local sources: United States. 1919-20 to 1969-70

School year Total Federal Stale

Local (including

intermediate)*

School year Total Federal State

Local

'including

inter- *tuediale1' 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 AMOUNT IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION

1919.20 ".5978,120 52.475 5160.085 5807,561 1919-20 100.0 0.3 16.5 832

192930 2.088,557 7,334 353,670 1.727.553 1929.30 100.0 .4 16.9 82.7

1939.40 2,260,527 39,810 584.354 1,536,363 1939.40 100.0 1,8 30.3 68.0

1941.42 2,416,580 34,305 759,993 1322,281 194142 100.0 1.4 31.5 67.1 1943-44 2,604,322 35,886 859,183 1,709,253 1943-44

-....... 100.0 1.4 33.0 65.6

1945-46 3,059,845 41,378 1.062,057 1,956,409 --196-45 100.0 1.4 34.7 63.8

1947-48 4,311,534 120,270 1,676,362 2,514,902 1947.48 100.0 -, 2.8 38.9 58.3

1944-50 5,437,044 155,848 2365,689_ 3,115,507 1949.50 , 100.0 2.8 39.8 . 57.3 1951-52- 6,42.3,816 227.71) /2;478,596 -3717,507 3951.52 100.0 3.5 38.6 57.8

1953-54 7.1166.852 355,237 / 2,944,103 4,567N2 1993-94 100,0 4.5 37.4 58.1 1955.56 9.686,677 441,442 3,828,886 5,416.330 1955.56 100,0 4.6 39.5 .55.9

1957.58 12,181313 486,484 4,800,368 6,894,66) 1957-58 100.0 4.0 39.4 561

1959-60

1961-62 14,746,618

17,521,707 651,639760,975

5,768,047

5.789,190

8,326,932

9.977,542

_195940 196142 "--*00.0

100,0 4.4 ; 4.3

39.1 38/ 56.5. 56.9 196344 20,544.182 896,956 8,078,014 - 11,569213 1963.64 100.0 4.4 39.3 56.3 196546., 25,356.858 1.996,954 9.920,219 13,439,686 -1965.66, 100.0 7.9 39.1 53.0

1967.68 31.903,064 2,806,469 12,275,536 16,821,063 1967.68 100.0 8.8 38.5 52.7 1969-70 40266,923 3,219,557 - 16,062,776 20.984,589 ___.- 1969-70

,..._ 100.0 8.0 39.9 52.1

Includes a relatively rhino amount from othei sources Igilts.and to thelaoul

transpoitaUatileesfrom pat op0.ythich accounted foi0.4 peicent 01 total revenue

receipls in 1967-68.

NOTE.-Beginning in 195940, includes Alaska and Hawaii, Because Of rounding,

detail may not add lo totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Office of Education,

"Statistics of State School Systems:*

Table 71.-Results of public school bond elections: United States, 1957-58 to 197142

Fiscal year Number of --.,---

Total ---72

elections . /

'

-,,,Ttirconl -

based oil - :.number

Par value of issues voted on

(in millions) Percent' approved

based on

.-Aprilbed dollar value

. 3 Total Approved

1 4 5

, 6 7 195758 (1) (1) () 51.542 51,123 72.8

1958-59 ti) (1) (5)- 1,801 1,433 79.6 195960 (') (') P1- 2,672 - 1,792 67.1

1960.61 (9 ( +) (u) 1605 1,218 75.9 196142 1,432 1,034 72.2 1,849 1,273 68.9 196263 2,148 1,482 72.4 2,659 1,851 69.6 196344 2,071 1,501 . 72.5 2,672 1.909 71.1 196445 2.041 1,525 74.7 3,129 2.485 79.4 196546 1,745 1,265 72 5 3,560 2.652 74.5 . 196647 1,625 1,082 66.6 3.063 2.119 69.2 196748 1,750 1.183 67.6 3,740 2,338 62.5

1968-69 1,341 . 762 56.8 3,913 1,707 43.6

1969-70 1,216 647 53.2 3.285 1,627 49.5

1970-71 1,086 507 46.7 3,337 1,381 41.4

1971.72 1,153 542 47.0 3,102 1,365 44.0 Data not available. , SOURCE: U.S. Elepachnent of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Bend Sales for Public School Purposes, 1971.72."

'60
Table 72.-Estimated expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purpose and by State: 1971-72

1 n thousands of dollars] Slate Total expendileres

Current expenditures

Capital

outlay

Interest on Total school debt Public etemenlary

and secondary

day schools Other programs*

1 2 3 4 5 6

United States' $48,513,446 $41,856,426 340,147,779 $1,708,647 $5,055,345 $1,602,215 Alabama 477.421 412,121 410,521 2.200 54,200 10,500 Alaska 151,586 115,670 113.632 21138 32,103 3.813 Arizona Arkansas 417,339

289 .012 379.067

252,912

379,067

250,000

...--. 21112 29,578

27,300

. - 8.694

13.800 California 5.424,400 4.899,800 4,239.000 660,800 384.400 140,200 Colorado. 555,349 474,349 469,599 . 4.750 65.000 16,000 Connecticut ., 770,352 685.719 681,470 3,849 64,915 '19,716 Delaware 190.000 138,300 136,900 1,400 44.700 7,000

Distlict of Columbia- 202,414 172,142 161,319 10,823 30,272 Florida 1,397,272 1,169.568 1.167,739 1,829 201.133 26.571 Georgia 904,333 804.871 789,377 15.494 69,915 29.547 Hawaii 211,095 180.849 174.028 6,821 28,828' 1,418

Idaho 147.297 129,297 129.182 115 10.500 7,500

Illinois 2,391,543 2.179.444 2,082,045 97,399 309,107 102,992

Indiana 1.250,179 948,179 930.606 17,573 270,000 32.000

Iowa 768,076 651.491 606,000 45.491 100,485 16.100 Kansas 489.568 410,949 391,665 19,284 72,644 5.975 Kentucky 487.273 438,758 434,000 4.758 33,00D 15,515 Louisiana 763.062 682,794 661.280 1,514 60,000 20.268 Maine 209,100 185,200- 183,500 1.700 18.000 6,500

Maryland 1.071.658 . 825.722 414,924 10.798 '206,899 39.037 Massachusetts Michigan

1,355,000 2.890,740

1,205,000 2.410.244

1.150.000

2.396.506 55.000

13,738

100,000

298.333 50,000

182.163 Minnesota 1,149,696' 1,029,269 998,754 30,515 72,990 47.437 Mississippi 377,764 342,464 312,464 30,000 30.000 5.300 Missouri 895.884 795,056 775,542 ' 19,514 78,900 21.928 Montana (3) () (1) e) 0), e) Nebraska 315,570 273,328 269,971 3.357 34,722 7.520 Nevada 137,1021. 113,300 MAO 2,300 17,000 -6.800 New Hampshire 148,244 128,467 127,962 505 15,400

. 4,377 New Jersey 1,985.509 1,735,f 00 1.700,500 35,000 135,000 65,000 New Mexico 266,562 236,436 228,028 8,408 27,379 2,747 New York . 5,521,000 4.878.000 4,631,000 239.000 460,000 183,000

North Carolina. 893,509 808,009 753,009 50,000 72.000 13,500 North Dakota 117,100 105,500 102,800 2,700 8,300 3,3011 Ohio 2.255,000 1,989,375 1,948,655 40,720 204,365 61.260 Oklahoma 430,000 390,000 387,000 3,000 35,000 5,000 Oregon 498,557 432.363 431,312 1.051 55,687 10.907 Pennsylvania_ 3.156,000 2,474,000 2,372,590 101,310 499,000 153,809 Rhode Island 204.328 181,735 180,670 1,065 16.093 6,500 South Carolina 482,550 420.050 414,050 6,000 53,000 9,500 South Dakota 139929 125.029 124,179 850 13.000 1,900 Tennessee 642,037 569,737 559,737 10,000 47,800 24,500 Texas ... 1,965,105 1,653,348 1,623,348 30,000 236,257 75,500 Utah 242,149 207,357' 203,650 3,707 30,894 3,898 Vermont 143,544 124,778 124,637 141 15,764 ; 3,002 Virginia 1,079,950 901,450 860,450 21,000 145,000 33,500

Washington -821,571 714,571 650,000 64,571 80,000 27,000

West Virginia , 298.935 268,735 264,335 4,400 26,000 4,200 Wisconsin 1077,007 973,021- 956,250 16,771 68,986 35,000

Wyoming 93,807 82.239 82,108 131 10.168 . 1,400 Outlying sous:

.

.. American Samoa 7,270 6,655 5,657 998 367 248 Canal Zone 17.024 16,524 14,719 1,805 500 Guam 26,140 08,047 15,869 2,218 7,993 Puerto Rico 319,803 299,638 284,121 15,517 20,165 _ Virgin-Islands 26,406 (3) (3) (3) (*) (31

* Includes expenditures for summer schools, adult education, community services estimates for the nonreporting State.

(such as public libraries operated by school districts, expenditures for nonpublic Data not available. schools where authorized by law, community centers, and recreational activities). ',SOURCE:-U.S. Department of Heal*, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, and community colleges and technical institutes under the jurisdiction of local 'Fall 1971 Statistics of Public Schools. boards of education. 61
bible 73.w-Sunwory of me sditsres for public elemeMory sod secoodsry ed scatters by purpose sled by Stat.: 1961470

{In thousands of dollars) State

. _

14.1

emend,-

lutes. all schools

2

Current

lolal

3

mend

Admims

tration

4

lures for full-time

Instruction

5

elementary

Operation

of plant 6

and secondary

taandt name 0t plant 7

day schools

filed

charges

8

Other school services 9

Other programs

10

Crofta

outlay r

11

Interest o4

school debt 12 Hutted Motel 603113 .82$ 834.717,771 51.6178448 821.770.1311 '11.517.757 )6174.141 51.266,970 $7.561.156 1635,102 51.659.072 S2.170,7112 Alabama. 467665 .27.730 13,495 277,777 11.111 8.626 47.342 57.183 2.171 37,261 5,103 Alaska 101.436 11,374 6.939 51,005 9,261 3,811 4.400 5.959 276 18.018 3,779 Anions 337)14 711.941 11.695 207.255 21,802 9236 11.901 18,058 411.404 /A70 Arkansas 269,691 735,013 16,562 116.378 31,853 4,871 71.117 32,260 27.760 7,3411 Cablotnia e . 4.343,510 3.131195 743.439 7,114,761 210.71s 174.611 313.131 156,131 87.369 373,809 107,806 Colorado . . 413103 369.711 17277 754.805 78.569 10.344 77,9711 25.250 4.367 48,418 11,803 Connecticut 659,331 588.710 27,725 415.506 $ 56.626 .4, 51,761 36.087 3,130 45.802 21.690 Delaware 161,260 108.747 6,777 77111 9.117 7.393 8.468 9,333 1,437 44,329 6,757

District of Columbia 173,317 141,130 4.787 100.076 17.987 5,430 7.933 9,900 Florida . .. 1.112.851 %1273 36.822 711,715 61/211 30.976 67.787 52.943 1a/..279751 1;1719417 20.611 George , . 789,583 519.371 76.840 415,194 36.673 15.583 47,701 57.878 19,167 113,516 17,533

tlaWilli 175.007 141,324 8.1111 96,073 4.826 6,974 17.587 17.103 1.589 30,499 1,589

Idaho . 17304 303,307 5,386 61.697 8.751 2.479 9.906 8,387 116 15,823 7,528 Moms . 7.233.557 0196,067 101.046 1.786,368 175.290 52.020 168,491 117.851 37,99a 245,771 54280

Indiana 3/91,271 809,105 75,116 560.110 72,907 77,091 64218 64.625 14.131 749.714 20jai

Iowa . . - 643,820 577,0116 36.960 154.516 56,136 rOl 37,972 6%901 34.361 69,371 13.050 Kansas 402.975 367,511 15,117 755.717 79.678 10,734 23.420 74,031 539 14,107 5.836 Kentucky 389,078 353,265 13,180 218117 73211 8,218 ?1.12a 31,927 1.326 22,791 11.618 Louisiana 581.918 503.717 20.761 131.729 27,51* 14.11111 41,163 67.701 1,596 55,037 20,068 Maine 119.119 155,907 7.133 101,013 17,337 1,379 9.899 15.177 1.736 17.360 4.616 Maryland 917,117 721.734 73,703 501.121 57.71$ 77.176 61,117 51,891 6.155 151.537 32.636 Massachusetts 1,051.256 907.341 30,663 660.258 73,104 30,916 11,647 69.988 9,219 107,077 77.619 Michigan .. 7,201,337 1,799.945 67,011 1,206.891 163.561 48.177 201261 97.1168 41.747 284,656 75,481 Minnesota. 977,943 781243 12280 510.144 68.068 14,791 611227 67,736 9,611 110,761 36,287

Mississippi . 318.471 267.760 11,826 176,217 13.761 8,435 18,141 34.307 25,467 26,313 1.943 Minoan 771.690 642,030 76,731 445.951 48239 21,518 46.136 53.451 47,452 70.183 18.626 Montana . 181,517 127.1/6 s 1,764 03768 '10,202 4,702 10.198 e 11,/a3 . .. 013.000 ' 1,336 Nebraska 779,605 731.617 14,349 151,561 10.021 7,325 15,850 16,506 7,417 38,667 6.874 Nevada.... . 101,971 87.773 3.521 63,101 7,77) 2,836 5.01$ 5.005 1.'136 11.109 5.503 Nim Nampshotto 125663 101.370 a/71 71.011 7.681 7.185 6.916 9.606 447 19,820 4,025

New Jersey. 1.600.813 1,343,564 ' 41.135 196.876 101,4$, 19,857 168.561 100,047 14174 192,201 30,574 Now Mexico 209.466 183,736 7,173 174,042 41,744 5,346 1 -,150 47,477 1.346 22,155 7,224 New Vora 4.656.111 8,111,139 118,523 2.175.703 $ 349217 re) 620.701 377,610 67.709 374,127 112.436 North Carolina .. 767.912 676,193 26245 491.916 31.411 19,978 66.561 62.006 1.141 14/23 11,0111 Nadi Dakota.. . 110.115 97,191 5,472 62,928 9.216 1.673 5.149 11,858 7.101 7,606 7,840 Ohio .. . 1161,251 1.639.005 80.697 1.088,610 149.834 40,336 193.776 87.687 3.911 705,870 47,671 Oklahoma . . 316.799 339.106 15.944 111.091 25,729 6.662 30.458 29221 2203 39,162 5,628

Otegon . 462,980 .03,64. 73,145 272,260 29.931 13A78 35,176 77,550 2,131 48.364 8196 Pennsylvsni* 7134.175 1,912.641 91.719 1.266.087 '706.085 (la 195.487 151.790 60.701 414,994 145,130

Moods Island.. . 164,511 145,441 5.975 *0E1 11,236 3,471 13,197 11,163 1.201 13,611 6.816 South Carolina... . 433,895 367,619 20,836 7311,401 11.507 4,470 45,170 35,351 10.437 40 834 6.934 Smith OaltotA 125,601 109,375 1.503 72,927 8.712 2,054 7,193 10,736 508 13126 1.901 Tennessee ..... 563.338 471.726 71,959 323,07. 30,161 10,933 81.111 85283 9.719 5',721 11.177 Tomas . .... - 1,977,817 1,518.181 79,073 1.080135 101.513 83.515 109.053 94.192 13,199 771,848 74,629 Utah 208,181 179,911 6,421 121,930 13.477 6.177 17,990 11,291 5.041 111,148 4.712 VIttinant 109,193 78/21 4,762 51,132 6,111 7.046 5,673 6.914 118 78.188 7,765

Vittinia . . 841,073 704,677 77,078 499,399 45,359 25,397 58,477 51,971 18 ,015 107.317 23,064

Washington. . - 156 033 694.984 77,461 160.119 54,155 7701 66.639 63,842 1,746 111,140 73,662

West Skein's 262,183 249,404 10.157 168.454 16,516 1.086 17,68* 28.301 .,501 25,233 3.045 Clatanlin. 930.917 777.209 30,751 524.719 61,994 22.497 74,162 61.167 10.188 121138 21,164 Wyoming . 73,614 691514 4.383 46.140 5.179 1,966 5.547 6,070 203 7,360 1467 Ontlyttig asses

Canal Zone., ... 17,973 13.528 539 OM 1.110 690 1227 778 1,890 2,565

Guam_..... 20,556 16,713 2,068 10.704 975 491 369 2,044 102 3.101

4 1 laciudes *avoidance, for Minimisation at 41 Noels.

tneloOes gmendames by school building authowlies.

a Includes estimates to the 4 Slates dial mete viable to differentiate between es.

penolurea tot epetabon and lot maintanance of plant.

a Oats Dom published roped or reports.

$ Eapeadoures toe maintenance of plant are included wall operation of plant

e Estimated by Me 016co of Edocalion.

62

Oats me for the 1910.71 whom yam.

Does not masses espenditutos to adminisbation by tire State Department of

Education,

NOTE. docauso 4 founding, detail miry not add to blots.

SQURCE : U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Statistics of Stets School SyslMn*. 1989-70:'
Table 74.- .Summary of expenditures for public elementary and secondary education, by purposes

United States, L919-20 to 1969-70

Ratline of expenditure

Sihosi year 1919.20 1929.30

2 3

1939-40 1949-50" 1959-60 1961.62 1963-64 1965-66 1967.68 1969.70

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Total expenditures, all

schools 31,936,151 32,316,790 $2,344,049

Current expenditures, all schools

Public elementary and

secondary schools Administration

Instruction

Plant operation Plant maintenance Fixed charges

Other school services'... Summer schools Adult education Community colleges

Community services

864,397 1,853,377 1,955.166 861,120 1,843,552 1,941 799 36.752 78,680 91,571 632,556 1317,727 1.403,285 115.707 216,072 194.365 30,132 78,810 73,321 9,286 50,270 50,116

36.187 101.993 129,141

(a) 3.277 9,825(1) 13,367

(11

(11

AMOUNTS IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS

35,137,043

4,722,288

$15,613,255 18,373,339

12,461.955 14,923.361

4,687,271 i2.329,389 14.729,270

220.050 528,108 641,372 3.112440 8,350,7311 10,016,280

127.581 1685,036 1283,085

214,164 422686 477.346 26109 909,323 1,077,279 451.663 1A33,2S7 1,226,909

12) 35.614

(2)

(1 )

13,263 26658 34692

57.953

321,324.993

17.218,416 21.063,teo

21,326

29,536

71,252 71,979

Capital outlays 153,543

Interest 18,212

Total eXpenditnres, all

schools

Current expenditures, all schools

Public elementary and

secondary schools Administration

Instruction

Plant operation Plant maintenance

. Fixed charges 011ter school services1...

370,878

92,536 257.974 1,014,176 130,909 100,578

2,661.786

189,514

2,862,153

517,523

26,994 74,872

245.433

78,229

2,977,976

101,041 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION

70,310

120,874

301,545

155,575 3,754.862

791,580

27.743.581 26,877,162

1,249,028 18,375,762

2,074638

789,760

2,388,206

1,999689

105,894

151,864

390,069

218,592

0.683,428 - 34,853,578

34 217,773

1,6D6.646

23,270,158

2,537,257 971,941

3.266,920

2,561,856

106,481 121,778

138,813

261,731 +1255,791 977,810 4.659.072

1.170,782

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 190.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

83.4 80.0 83.4 80.9 79.8 81.2 82.7 82.7 84.1 95.7

83.1 79.6 82.8 80.3 79.0 80.2 80.7 80.2 815 84.1 3.5 61.0

11.2 2.9

3.4 56.9

9.3 3A

2.2 3.5 1.4

3.9 3.8 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.8 3.9' 59.9 53.3 53.5 54.5 55.1 55.0 55.7 57.2 8.3 7.3 6.9 7.0 6.8 6.7 6.3 6.2

3.1 3.7 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2,1 4.5 5.8 5.9 6.3 6.5 7.2 8.0

5.5 7.7 6.6 4.8 6.5 6.0 6,1 6.3 Summer schools (3) Adult education .3 .6 A

Community colleges (1) (1) (2)

Community services 1') (1) (1) (1)

Capital outlays. 146 16.0 t I A

Interval 1.8 4.0 56

17A

1.7

.1

.2

.4

'.4 1.2

15.6 14.0 3.2 3.3

.3 .3

.5 .3

1.2 .3

.7 12.9 11.5 3.0 2.9 1 Prior to 1959.6D, Hems included under "other school services" were listed under

"auxiliary services, a more comprehensive classification which also Included

community services.

Prior to 1959-60, data shown for adult education represent combined expendi-

, lures for adult education, summer schools. and community colleges.

Prior to 1965.66, excludes capital outlay by State and local schOolhousing

authorities.

NOTE. - Beginning In 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii. Because of rounding,

detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Statistics of Slate School Systems."
Table 75.-Personal income, 1971, related to public school expenditures, by State: 1971-72

Stale Personal income

'Total expenditures ton

public elementary and

secondary education

Current expenditures for

public elementary and

secondary day schools Total On millions) Per capita Amount (in thousands),

As a percent

of personal

income Amount (in thousands) I

As a percent

of personal

income

1 2 3 4 6 7 United States $857,085 $4,156 1 948,513,986 5.66 3 940,147,779 4.68' Alabama 10,765 3,087 477,421 4.43 410,521 3.81 Alaska 1,525 4,875 151,586 9.94 113,632 7.45 Arizona 7,287 3,913 417,339 5.73 379967 5.20 Arkansas 6,005 3978 289,012 4.81 250900 4.16 Calilomia 94,118 4,640 5,424,400 5.76 4,239900 4.50 Colorado 9,457 4.153 555.349 5.87 469,599 4.96 Connecticut 15,322 4,995 770,352 5,03 681,870 4,45 Delaware 2.610 4.673 190,000 7.27 136,900 5.25 District of Columbia Florida

4.418 . 27,611-

5,870

3,930

202,414

1,397,272 4,585.06

161,319 1,167,739

3.65

4.23

, . Georgia '16,786 3,599 904,313 5.39 789,377 4.70 Hawaii 3,694 4,738 211,095 5.71 174,028 4.71

Idaho 2,511 3,409 147,297 5.87 129,182 5.14

Illinois 53,400 4,775 2,591,543 4.85 2,082,045 3.90

Indiana 21,120 4,027 1,250,179. 5.92 930,606 4.41

Iowa 11.088 3,877 768,076 6.93 606,000 5.47 Kansas 9,460 4,112 489,568 5.18 391,665 4.14 Kentucky 10,830 3,306 487,273 4.50 434,000 4.01 Louisiana 12,010 3.252 763,062 6.35 681.280 5.67 Maine 3,416 3,375 209,700 6.14 163.500 5.37 Maryland 18,119 4,522 3971,658 5.91 814,924 4.50 Massecbusetls 26.285 4,562 1,355,000 5.16 1.150.000 4.38 Michigan 39,850 4,430 2,890,740 725 2,396,506 6.01 Minnesota 15,564 4,032 1.149,696 7.39 998,754 6,42 Mississippi 6,273 2,788 377,764 622 312.464 4.98 Missouri 18,587 3,940 895,884 4.82 775,542 e.37 Montana 2,575 3,629 Pl (a) (3) V/ Nebraska 6,077 4,030 315,570 5.19 269,971 4.44 Nevada 2,460 4,1122 137,100 5,57 111,000 4.51 New Hampshire 2,877 3,796 148,244 5.15 127,962 4.45 New Jersey 35,146 4,811 1,9814500 5.65 1.700,500 424 New_Mexice 3,448 3,298 266,562 7.73 228928 621 New York 91.742 5,000 5,521,000 6.02 4.039,000 5;06 North Carolina 17,661 3,424 893,509 5.06 758,009 429 North Dakota I. 2,222 3,538 117,100 5,27 102,800 4.63 Ohio 44,833 4,175 2,255900 5.03 1,948,655 4.35 Oklahoma 9,140 3,515 430.000 4.70 387,000 4.23 Oregon 8,470 3,959 498,557 - 5.89 431.312 5.09 Pennsylvania 49,349 4,147 3,156.000 6.40 2,372,690 421 Rhode Island 3.957 4,126 204.328 5.16 . 180,670 4.57

"South Carolina 8,274 3,142 482,550 5.83 414,050 5;00

"South Dakota 2,321 3,441 139,929 - 6.03 2 124.179 5.35 Tennessee 13.183 3.300 642,037 4.67 559,737 425

Texas 42,582 3,726 1,965,005 4.61 1,623,348 3.81 Utah 3,768 3,442 242,149 6.43 203,650 520 Vermont 1,660 3,638 143,544 8.70 124,637 7.55 Virginia 18,400 3,899 1,079,950 5.87 880,450 4.79 Washington 14,221 4.132 823,571 5.78 650,000 4.57 West Virginia 5,789 3,275 298,935 5.16 264.335 4:57 Wisconsin 17,496 . 3.912 1,077.007 6.16 956,250 547 Wyoming 1,331 ' 3,929 93.807 7.05 82.108 6.17

I Includes current expenditures, capital outlay, and interest,

- . 3Includes estimates for *imputing State. 3 Data eel available. . NOTE.-Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals,

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare, Di5ce of Education,

"Fail 1971 Statistics ol Public Schools"; U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of

Economic Analysis. "Survey of Current Business," August 1972.
Table N.-Estimated expenditure per pupil in average daily

attendance in public elementary and secondary

day schools, by State: 197142

State Expenditure per pupil Total Current Capital

outlay

Iniereston

school debt 2 3 4 5 United States $1,091 $934 $119 S38 Alabama 629 543 72 14 Alaska 1,696 /.441 407 48 MUMS 1,003 911 71 21 Arkansas 689 601' 66 21 California 1,049 932 86 31 Colorado 1,061 905 125 31 Connecticut 4249 1,110 106 32 Delaware 1,511 1,097 358 56 District of Columbia 1,294 1.063 231 Florida 1,029 861 148 20 Georgia 887 788 70 29 Hawaii 1.197 1.020 169 8 Mahn 835 732 60 43

Illinois 1,181 986 146 49

Indiana 1,1D8 837 242 29

Iowa 11.157 970' 161 26 Kansas, 1,025 854 158 13 Kentucky 722 650 49 23 Louisiana 969 867 76 26 Maine 899 793 78 28 Maryland 1,252 962 244 46 Massachusetts 1,153 1.020 as 44 Michigan 1,410 1,175 146 89 Minnesota 1,271 1,134 83 54 Mississippi 706 634 61 111 Missouri 955 845 86 24 Montana ir) (11 Nebraska 990 B56 110 24 Nevada 1,113 917 140 56 New Hampshire 978 847 102 29 New Jersey 1,399 i.229 133 47 New Meek° 961 80 102 10 New York 1.659 1,466 145 58 North Carolina 773 695 66 12 North Dakota 824 740 60 24

01110 989 871 91 27 Oklahoma, 757 686 62 9 Oregon 1,10 979 125 24 Pennsylvania 1,382 1,073 226 83 Rhode Island 1,151 1,023 91 37 South Carolina 886 700 90 15 South Dante 891 796 83 12 Tennessee 744 659 56 29 Texas 775 650 95 30 Utah B28 -707 107 14 Vermont 1,418 1,232 156 30 Virginia 1.052 875 144 33 Washington 1.009. 866 107 36 West Virginia 794 713 70 - 11 Wisconsin 1,185 1.069 77 39 Wydming 1,142 1,0111 124 17 Outlying areas: American Samoa 818 738 48 32 Canal Zone 1,201 1,162 39 Guam 964 641 Puerto Rico 477 445 32

I Data net available. SOURCE': U.S. Department al Health, Education, and Welfare, Nice of Education,

"Statislics of Public Elementary and Secondary Day Schools, Fall 1971"; and unpublished data,

65

Table 77....Total and currant expenditure per pupil in average

daily attendance in public,plensentary and secondary

. schools: United Statik992940 to 1971-72

School year

Unadjusted dollars

Adjusted dollars

(1971-72 purchasing

potter) I

Total' Current Total= Current

1 2 3 4 5 1929-30 5108 $87 $260 $209 1931-32 97 81 277 231 193334 . 76 67 236 208 1935.36 $6 74 264 222 1937.38 100 84 288 242 193940 106 88 312 259 1941-42 110 98 291 259

1943-44 125 117 295 277 1945-46 '145 136 327 307 1947-48 203 179 358 316

1949-50 ;59 209 450 363 1951.52 313 244 490 382

1953-54 351 - 265 537 405

1955-56 386 294 594 450

1957-58 449 3411 646 491

....., 1959-60 472 375 661 525

1961.62 530 419 725 573

1963-64 559 460 745 633

1965-66 654 537 843 692 1967-69 ......... ...... 786 658 951 796 1969-70 970 116 1,057 ' 889

1971-723 1,091 934 1,093 934. Based on the Consumer P ice Index, prepared by The ,Bureau el Labor Statistics,

U.S. Daparlmeni of Labor

2 Yncludes current txpendit Ire, capital outlay, and interest on school debt.

3 Estimated,

SOURCE: U.S. Deparlmenl el Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Educalion,

"Slatistics of State School Systems"; and "Fall Statistics al Public Schools:'
'table 78.-Exgenditures ol.Federal, state, and local funds for

vocational education: United States and outlying areas, . 1920 to 1971

lie thousands of dollars)

Fiscal year Total Federal Slate local 1 , 2 3 4 5 1920 $8,535 $2,477 52.670 33,380

1930 29,909 7,404 8,233 14,272

1940 55,081 20,004 11.737 23.340

1942 . 59,023 20.758 14,045 24,220

1944 64,299 19,958 15,016 29,325

1946 72,807 20,628 18,538 33,641

1948 103,339 26.200 25,834 51,305

1950 128,717 26,623 40,534 61,561

1952 146,466 25,863 47,818 72,784

1954 ... 151,289 25,419 54,550 71,320

1956 175,886" 33,180 61.821 80,834

1958 . 209,748 38,731 72,305 98,710

1960 238,812 45,313 82,466 111.033

1962 283.948 51,438 104264 128,246

1964 332,785 55,027 124,975 152,784

1966 799,895 233,794 216,583 349,518

19611 1,192,863 262,384 400.362 530,117

1970 1,811,846 300,046 01 91,541,801

1971= 2,347,353 396,378 14 '1,060,975

Slate folds are included with local funds in column 5,

, 2 Provisional data. INOTE.-Because 01 rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCES: U.S. Oeparfment of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education.

annual reports on "Vocational and Technical Education : and unpublished data,

0

66

Table 79.-Exgenditures of Federal,. State, and local funds

for vocational education, by State: Fiscal year 1971 t

In thousands of dollars] State Expenditures by sou CO

Tolal Federal State and

local 1 2 3 4 United States and

outlying areas $2,347.353 $396,378 $1,950.975 Alabama 36,107 9,006 27.101 Alaska 4,094 7,3 3.321 Marna" 14,295 3,961 10,333 Arkansas 13,380 5.094 8.786 Caking& 185,988 30,924 155,064 Colorado 23,858 4,466 19,391 Connecticut 32,338 4,175 28,161 Delaware 7,213 1,117 6,166

District of Columbia 3,867 1,672 2,195 Florida 75,389 12,080 63,310-

Georgia 46.256 11,145 35,111 Hawaii 7,218 1,682 5,536

Idaho 6,253 1,827 4,427

Illinois 182,107 16,939 166,048

Indiana 28,190 ' 9,910: 18231

Iowa 31,837 5,974 26,763 Xansas 16,354 4,610 11,744 Kentucky 28,300 6,493 21,307 Louisiana 23,209 8,935 14,273 Maine 10,164 2,383 7,781 Maryland 56,102 6,394 49,708

Massachusetts, 122,085 9137 112,348

Michigan 52,195 15,131 37,064 Minnesota 48,275 7,091 40,384

Mississippi 20,835 5,701 15,134 Missouri 36,421 9.290 27,131 Montana 6,882 1.911 4,970-- Nebraska 11,125 3,027 B.698 Nevada 3,736 928 2,807

New Hampshire 5,808 1,605 4,201 New Jersey 39,252 12.026 27,226 New Mexico 8,956 2,842 , 6.114 . New -York 296,270 30,052 266,219

Noe* Carolina 82,522 12,743 69,729 North Dakota 5,698 1,813 3.884 Ohio 184,557 20,865 163,692 Oklahoma 27,569 5,789 21,780

Oregon 22,929 4,230. 18,699

Pennsylvania 152,060 19,459 132,601 Rhode I stand 6,399. 1,259 5,140 South Carolina 21,141. 7,188 13,953 South Dakola 4,654 1,802 2,852 Tennessee 31,927 8,498 23,429 Texas 106,445 20.981 85,465 Utah 16,510 2,602 13,908 Vermont 10,967 1,296 9,670

Virginia 39,452 9,842 29,610

Washington 43,658 7.222 36,436

West Virginia 11,350 4,176 7,173 Wisconsin 63,623 B.342 65,281 Wyoming 4,755 981 3,7/4

Outlying areas: American Samoa 188 104 84 Guam 740 330 410 Puerto Rico 22,003 7,726 14,277 Trust Territory of Pas. Is 1,911 178 1,333 Virgin Islands ^ 888 150 738

t Provisional data. NOTE.-Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Deprtment of Health, Education, and Welfare, Olfice of Education,.

"Vocational and Technical Education, Antral Report. Fiscal Year 197i."
Chapter III

Higher Education

Universities and colleges exist in every State in the

Union and in all of the larger and more populous

outlying areas. More than two-fifths of the entire

group of more than 2,600 institutions are under

the control of State governments or of cities.

counties, or other subdivisions of States. Seven

service schools are controlled by the Federal Government. The remaining 56 percent of the institutions are controlled by religious denominations,

professional organizations, or self.perpetuating

groups of public-spirited persons. The publicly controlled colleges and universities tend to be much

larger than their privately controlled counterparts.

Approximately three-fourths of all college students

attend public institutions.

A salient characteristic of higher education in

this country is its diversity. American colleges and

universities offer a wide range and great variety of

programs. For example, a junior college usually

offers only the first 2 years of training at the

college level, but a university normally offers a full

undergraduate course in the liberal arts, graduate

work leading to the doctorate, and courses preparing for entrance into at least two or three of

the learned professions. Between these two extremes are numerous colleges whicn reflect local

needs and purposes.

Higher education is becoming increasingly accessible to all segments of the population. The growth

of public junior colleges and other low-cost public

institutions means that the oxpenses of the stu

dents attending these institutions can be held to a

minimum. The Student Loan Program and t-;:hilr

Government programs have also attricidid many

67

students who otherwise would have found it difficult to finance a college education.

The Office of Education conducts an annual

survey of opening fall enrollment in which it ob.

tains statistics directly from the colleges and

universities on total and first-time students. These

data are usually available within 3 or 4 months

after the opening of the fall term. The opening fail

enrollment survey has been supplemented from

time to time by a comprehensive survey in which

more detailed information is requested. In the corn

prehensive survey. students are classified not only

by control of institution and by sex but also by

status as resident or extension students and by

full-time or part-time attendance.

Other studies of institutions of higher education

which have been conducted periodically by the

Office of Education include surveys of faculty and

other professional staff; faculty salaries: earned

degrees conferred; enrollment for advanced degrees; engineering enrollments and degrees: re- ceipts, expenditures, and property: basic student

charges, including tuition and fees and room and

board rates; and land-grant institutions. The most

recent data from each of these studies are summarized in the pages which follow.

Some of the tables in this chapter provide totals

for the 50 States and the District of Columbia.

Others also include those outlying areasAmericar,

Samoa, the Canal Zone, Guam, Puerto Rico, the

Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and the

Virgin Islandswhich have within their borders one

or more institutions of higher education. The coy.

erage of each tattle is specified in its title or in the

table stub.
Table 80.-Total enrollment In institutions of higher education, by attendance status and

sex of student, control of institution, and State: Fall 1971

State Total enrollment Attendance status Sea of student Control of inslitutian Full-time Pait-lime Men Women Public Privale

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 United States 8,948,644 6.077,232 2,871,442 5,207,005 3,741.639 6,804,309 2,144,335 - Alabama 111,305 85,564 25.741 64.927 46,378 94,595 . 15,710 Alaska 12,342, 4,291 8,051 6,920 5,422 11,281 1,061 Arizona 113,434 67.926 50.508 68.531 49.903 116.178 2,256 Arkansas 53.724 46.553 7.171 30,787 22.937 45,290 8.434 California 1,304,134 688,569 615,565 758,244 545,890 1,169,733 134,401 Colorado 128,160 94,140 34,020 73,575 54,585 113,490 14.670 Connecticut 129,505 85,318 44.187 74,761 64,744 78,152 51.353 Delaware 27.704 17,709 9,995 15.630 12.074 23.617 4.087 District of Columbia 80,452 46.316 34,136 48,989 31,463 14,336 66.116 Florida... 251,861 173,040 76,821 150,023 101,838 205,135 46.721 Georgia 136,232 104,165 32.067 79,740 56.492 110.866 25.366 Hawaii 40.466 30.166 10,300 22.561 17,905 36.690 3.776

Idaho- 35.591 28,281 7 ,310 20,644 14.947 28,115 7,476 - Illinois 473,410 308.551 164,859 271,301 202,109 336,203 137,207

Indiana 03.481 146,235 57,246 118,939 84,542 148,938 54,543

Iowa 111,109 94,862 16,247 , 65,185 45,924 71.479 39,630 - Kansas 106,495 82,951 23.544 62.705 43.790 93,073 13,422

Kentucky 101,798 79.721 25,077 59,241 45.657 84,617 20,181 Lasisiana 129,995 401,473 28.522 74.596 55,399 109,895 - 20,100 Maine 32.897 25,831 7.066 19,428 13,469 23,561 9.336 Maryland 158,892 94,349 64,543 91,058 ' 67,834 127.663 31,229 - Massachusetts 315,348 219,961 95,387 182,344 133,004 122,154 188,184 Michigan 405,817 257,900 - 147.917 237.570 168,247 352.169 63,548 Minnesota 158,830 124,483 34.347 98,717 68,113 124.019 29.811 Mississippi 77,284 , 64,007 13,277 41,779 35.505 66,198 9,086 Missouri 188.335 134,533 53,842 109,806 78.529 136,167 52,168 Montana 29,421 24,718 4,703 17.625 11,796 26.765 2.656 Nebraska.. 66.663 52,103 14,560 39.553 27,110 52,671 13.992 Nevada :5,065 9,159 5.906 8,813 6,252 14,966 99 New Hampshire 30,064 25.808 _ 4,256 -18,308 11,756 16.497 13,567 New Jersey 233,214 135.385 97.829 134,232 98,982 .162,167 l' 71,047 New Mexico . 48.538 34,147 14,391 29,405 19.133 44,575 3,963 New York 826.103 532,946 293.157 462.929 363.174 491,193 334,910. North Carolina 114,519 149,175 35,344 105.596 78,923 134.533 49.986 North Dakota 30,642 25,611 5,031 18,096 12,546 29,329 1,313 Ohio 387.299 285,810 101.489 230.115 157.184 291.661 95.638 Oklahoma 119,089 86,593 32,496 72,903 46,t86 100,097 18.992 Oregon 122,189 84,279 37,910 70.362 51,827 108.054 14,135 Pennsylvania 426.391 302,550 123,841 254.440 171,951 . 245,538 180,853 Rhode Island .48,354 33.654 14.700 28,821 19,533 26,727 21.627 South Carolina 76,708 63,820 12.888 44.939 31,769 53,392 23:16 South Dakota 31.191 25,312 5,879 17,821 13,370 24,627 6.564 Tennessee 142.061 110,302 31,759 83.121 58,940 105,944 36,11,7 Texas 463,261 331.489 . 131,772 281.635 181,626 384,160 79.101 Utah 83.228 64,299

... 18,929 49,663 33,565 51,253 30,975 Vermont 24.353 19,667 4,686 12,772 11,581 13,F31 10,822

Virginia 163,594 111.761 51,793 89.929 73,625 134.987 28,567

Washington.. 186.783 127.722 59,061 106,409 80,374 165,942 20,841 ; West Virginia 65,475 50,803 14,672 37,498 27,977 53,566 11,889 Wisconsin 213,654 154,443 59,211 124,684 88.970 182,266 31.388 Wyoming 17.257 11,814 5,443 10,376 6,881 17.257

. U.S. Service Schools 16.967 16,967 16.999 8 16.967 ..=-........

Outlying areas 76,387 54,922 21.465 35,736 40,651 50,376 26,011

. Americas Samoa

. Canal Zone . 632

1.310

266

423

366 887, 396

672

236 638 - 632

1,631°- Guam

Puerto Rico

3.068

69,620

1,777 51,872

1,291 17,748

1.711 32,210

1,357 37.410 4309063 3 26.011 Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands 113 113 82. 31 113 Virgin islands 1,644 471 1.173 465 979 1,644 ----- NOTE.-Total enrollment includes students whose programs o study are creditable

toward a bachelor's or higher degree and also undergraduate students in 1-, 2-, or

3.year occupational programs which are not creditable toward a bachelor's degree.

68

SOURCE: U.S. Deparlment of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office 01 Educalion,

"Fail Enroll/nen! in Higher Motion, 19F1.'
Table 81.Total and first-time degree credit enrollment in Institutions of higher education, by State: Fall 1971 and fall 1972

Stale To lal enrollment Fast-time students Stale Total enrollment First-time students

1971 19721 1971 1972, 1971 19 /2r 1971 1972 1

1 _ 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 United States 8,116,101 axon 1,765.625 1,737,602 New Jersey 215.059 228,313 51,146 50.620 New Mexico 47.241 46,721 8,902 3,795 __ .. - ________

Alabama. 104.437 110.514 23,841 24,810 New York 016203 838278 170,283 172,915 Alaska 12,183 11.699 2,349 2.341 North Carolina 150,090 155.109 39,536 38,783 Arizona 102,654 110.468 23.150 26.877 '110101 pooh 28.282 27,356 7,419 6,808 Arkansas 52.246 57,398 13241 11.979 Calilornia 11037,305 1.063043 204,532 099)352 Ohio 3'5.371 351,398 76.459 71,305 Oklahoma 116.618 118.746 27,795 24,181 Colorado 107,237 11'657 23,9% .23.613 Oregon ... 96,338 93.450 23.184 24,811 Connecticut 128.860 129.911 29,201 29.073 Pennsylvania 400,996 401.636 86,718 79,317 Delaware 23,596 24.263 6,000 6,290 Rhode Island 47,074 46,891 9.889 9,120 District of Columbia 79,842 80,067 00,714 9,173 Florida 221,815 225,232 49,268 48,623 South Carolina 66,939 78248 17.647 21,245 South Dakota 30.706 28217 6.780 6.075 Georgia .. 132,114 135,710 27,049 26,670 Tennessee 137.474 143241 28,949 29,114 Hawaii 34.299 35,155 7,393 9,491

Idaho

Illinois

34,299

415.069

31,534 414.208 9,978

89,309

9,409

89,483 Texas Utah

434,039

75.258 446,153

73, 228 91.234 13,738 93.168

12,796

Indiana 196,596 194,132 41,291 33,359 . Vermont 23.343 24.715 5.853 6,426

lows 101.611 98.036 24,266 22,148 Virginia_ 146,213 157.158 39,520 43.405 Kansas 105,023 104,365 24,829 24,578 Washington 155,122 151.649 40,125 44,276

Kentucky 100.972 102,765 21,565 20,298 West Virginia 61,790 60,883 12,715 13,322 Louisiana 127,830 131.999 27,906 28,152 Wisconsin 181,981 175,066 38,022 35.517 Maine 31,025 32,885 7,663 7.967 Wyoming 15,775 15.011 4,059 3,830

Maryland Massachusetts 146.890

294.817

150.483 298,152 30.366

65.164

31.574 64.230 U.S. Service Schools 16.967 16.770 4,099 4,513

Michigan 357.263 344.149 76,957 71,955 Minnesota 156,468 154,938 34,329 31,791 Outlyine areas 72,066 76.315 15,456 18.396 Mississippi 72,626 74,823 19,578 20,185 American Samoa 632 848 . 424 Missouri 175,338 132,733 36,346 37,487 Canal lone 1.310 1.419 iii 612 Montana 28.861 27;197 6.748 6,011 Guam 2,915 2,290 702 835 Nebraska 64,370 63,16i 13,889 13,285 Puerto Rico 66,738 70.469 13,928 :6,209 Nevada 14,136 14.353 3.935 3,282 Trusl Territory of the Pacific Is..... 113 121 113 121 New Hampshire 28.889 27.620 6.692 6,557 virgin Islands 358 468 101 135 1 Preliminary data.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Wellare, Oltice of Education. "Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1971 and 1972."
Tat,. U.Total enrollnient in instilutlons of higher education, by type and level of enrollment and by State: Fall 1.971

Stale

All degree- credil and nondegreecredit studenls Total resident and

extension

students

Degree-credit students Non - degree

credil Iola] sludeuls Resident Under- graduate

studentsGraduale Extension First- students professional

r---

Unclassified

2 3 1. 5 6 7 8, 9 10 United States 8,348,614 8.116,103- 6,343,744 192,668 307,959_ 355,263 316.159 832,541 Alabama 111,305 101,137

.7,799,641

103,295 69.188 2,276 9,662 3,169 1,142 6,868 Alaska . 12,342 12,183 10.888 7.673 297 2.918 1,295 159 Arizona 118,434 102.654 95,055 75,916 1,282 10.528 7,329 7,599 15.780 Arkansas 53324 52,246 50,961 45,632 1.098 3,118 1.053 1285 1,178 California 1.304.134 1,037,305 983262 817.343 20,037 110.108 35,774 54,043 266,829 Colorado 128,160 117,287 111,248 89,382 2,413 11,311 8,142 5.039 10.873 Conn Alicia 129.505 128,860 '126.929 95,558 2,930 22,203 6,233 1,931 615 Delaware 27.704 23.596 18,880 15,997 1,893 990 4.716 1.108 WWI of Columbia 80.452 79,812 72.946 40.024 8.039 15,321 9,562 6,896 610 Florida 251,861 221,815 215.766 182.954 3.737 16,172 12,900 6,047 30,046

Georgia 136,232 132,114 131.968 107,295 3,544 16,404 3,325 1.046 4.116 40,466 34.299 33,130 25,777 3,929 4,224 869 6,167

Idaho 35.591 32.792 31.207 28,082 233 2,187 705 1.585 2,799

Illinois 473.410 415,069 430298 309,532 12.662 50.795 25.009 14,071 58,341

Indiana 203,481 196.595 192,275 151.177 4,599 30.777 5,422 4,321 6,885

lows 111,109 101,611 99,485 84,277 3.120 9,832 2,256 2.126 9.198 Kansas 106.495 105.023 101.983 85,801 2,148 10,613 3,118 3.040 1.412 Kentucky 104,799 100,972 96.984 81.573 3,698 10,519 1,554 3,968 3,826 Louisiana 129,995 127,830 126,094 104,085 4.034 14.028 3.917 1,736 2,165 Maine 32,897 31,025 28,215 23,219 270 897 3.834 2,810 1,872 Maryland 158.892 146.890 143.453 3,509 18,726 18.994 3.437 12.002 Massachusetts 315,318 294,8)7 256,216 206,759 9,216 39.714 10,527 28,601 20.531

-Michigan 405,817 357,263 311,856 288,875 9,212 39.211 1,598 15.407 48.554

, Minnesota 158.830. 156.468 110.561 120.241 3,866 11.909 4,545 15.907 2,362

Mississippi 77,284 72,626 68,981 60,867 1,079 5,144 1,511 3,545 1,658 Missouri 188,335 i75,33$ 172.146 128,819 7,177 18.734 17.416 3.192 12,997 Montana 29,421 28,861 27,509 25.129 185 1.030 795 1.352 560 Nebraska 66.663 64.310 -62,854 52.513 2,145 5,766 2,430 1.516 2,293 Nevada 15,065 14,136 13.879 10,897 1,840 1,142 257 729 New Hampshire,, 30.064 28,889 26,203 23.789 28 1.851 535 2.686 1,175 New Jersey 233,214 215.059 193,742 151,272 3,902 24.379 14,189 21,317 18.156 New Mexico 48.538 47 241 45,190 35.393 454 5,294 4,049 2,051 1297 New York 826,103 816.213 810,687 637,308 17,425 128,677 27.277 5,526 9.890 North Carolina 181.519 150.090 146.619 124.442 3,862 13.730 1,785 3,471 34,129 North Dakota 30.642 28.282 26,760 24.311 300 1,732 417 1,522 2,360 Ohio 387.299 355.371 353.351 297220 9.555 37.955 8,621 2020 31,92$ Oklahoma 119,089 116,618 112,650 94,512 2,002 11.083 5,053 3.968 2,471 Oregon 122,189 96,338 .91218 75,211 2,248 9,416 3.813 5,120 25.851 Pennsylvania 426.391 400,996 390,197 361,402 11,872 51.721 25,592 10.499 25.395 Rhode Island 48,354 42,071 38,870 30.678 16 5,549 1,627 8,240 1280 South Carolina 76,708 66.939 66237 58.369 1,566 5,385 917 702 9.769 South Dakota 31,191 30,706 27,713 24.987 359 1,714 623 2,993 465 Tennessee 142,061 137,174 136,438 115,229 4,265 13,918 3,026 1.036 4,527 Texas 453,261 434,039 423.931 362.105 11,412 13.420 6,994 10.108 29,222 Utah 83,228 75,258 70,538 62 ,021 719 7,6138 .110 4,720 7,970 Vermont 24.353 23,343 22,273 18,567 287 2,309 1,070 1,010 Virginia 163,554 146.213 134,179 98,561 3.996 11,817 20.375 12.034 17,341 Washington 186,783 155.122 149,306 127,455 1,817 11,421 .8,613 5,816 31,661 Weal Virginia 65.475 61,790 59,175 51,411 1,335 4.973 1,456 2,615 3,685 Wisconsin 213,654 181,981 174.506 146,339 2,815 18,727 6.625 1,475 31,673

Wyoming 17,257 15.775 11.051 224 1.303 .1,590 8,037 1.482 U.S. Service Schools 16,961 15,961 16,967 14,944 2.023 Outlying areas 76.387 72,066 70,626 '63.103 1,285 3.609 2,629 1,11) 4,321 American Samoa 532 632 632' 561 11 Canal 2one Guam

1.310 3.068

1.319

2.915

1,310

2,591 1.310

2,080 511 ...

324 Puerto Nice 69,620 66,738 65.622 58,589 1,285 3,098 1.116 2,882

'Trust Territory of theacific Islands 113 113 113 213 Virgin Islands 1,644 358 358 350 1.286 SOURCE: U.S.,Deparlmen1 of Health, Education and Welfare, Office of Eclucalien, "Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1971."

70

0
Table 83.Selected statistics for the 60 institutions of higher education enrolling the largest number of students:

United States, fall 1971

histilinion Rank

index,

Control, type) Total enrollment,

trirollmont by

sex

tnrollment by

attendance status Men Women fulllime Part-lime

1 2 1 4 5 6 7 ,8 9 Universily of California 1 1 U 119.692 72.181 47,511 106.210 13.582 Universily of Wisconsin . 2 1 U - 73,278 43,302 29,976 52.560 20.718

Indiana University

University of Minnesota 34

1

I UU

67.448

66,121

37.512

40.841 29.93625.283 43247

45.189

24,201

19,935

Pennsylvania State University 5 1 U 61.101 38.975* 22.426 40.051 21,050

University of Illinois 6 1 U 57.085 36,377 20,708 48,780 8.305 UniversIly of Maryland 7 1 U 53,644 31,514 22,330 34,539 19.305 Dt 'i) Stale University 8 1 U 50,804 31.577 19,227 46,644 . 4,160

University of Missouri 9 1 U 44,081 31,280 17.801 37.116 11,965

Chicago City College (III) 10 1 T 45,194 23.351 21,843 16,429 28.765 University al Texas at Austin 11 1 ti 44,123 27,069 17.354 35,873 8.550 Michigan Stale University 12 1 U 43,898 24,921 18,967 35.053 8.835 University of Tennessee 13 1 1.1 41.129 24,955 16.174 30,259 10,870

University of Michigan 14 I U 39,986 24,048 15,938 31,653 8.133 Louisiana State University 15 1 U 38,731 22.777 15.954 30,224 8.507 Rutgers. The Stale University (11.1.) 16 1 U 36.869 24.421 12.448 23,949 12.920 Wayne State University (Mich.) 17 I U 39,765 21.513 15,252 22.782 13,983

Southern Illinois University 18 1 U 36,325 22,148 14,177. 28,259 8.066 Purdue Universily (Ind.) 19 1 U 35,864 23.491 12.173 21.188 8,676

University of Nebraska 20 1 U 35,306 22,385 12.921 26,170 9.136 University at Cincinnali (Ohio) 21 1 U 34,653 22,253 12,400 22,253 12.400 Northeastern University (Mass.) 22 2 U 31.353 24.397 9.956 15,834 18,519

University of Washington 23 1 U 37,089 20,425 12,664 27.019 6,071

San Diego Slate College (Calil.) 24 1 F 32,149 17,858 14,291 18.629 13.520 University of Kentucky 25 l U 31,907 18.468 13.439 24,711 7,196

University of Colorado 26 1 U 31,71.° 19,018 12,694 23,010 8,702

City Univ. of N.Y.. Brooklyn College 27 1 F 31,55t, 13 .937 17,622 17,543 14.016 University 0 Pittsburgh (Pa.) 28 1 U 31,390 19.389 12,001 20.017 11.373 Miami-Dade Junior College (Fla.) 29 1 7 30.853 17.214 13,639 18,126 12,727

San lose Slate College (Calif.) 30 1 F 30,608 16,406 14,202 17.092 13,516

Arizona Slate University 31 1 U 29618 )7,034 12.784 18,877 10,941

Temple Universily IP8.) 32 1 U 29.683 18,320 11,363 16,298 13.385 New Yaik thriversily 33 2 U 29.179 19.104 )0,075 15,703 13,476

California Slate College at Long Beach 34 1 F 28,968 17269 11,699 95.600 13,368

Kent State Masi-say (Rio) 4 4 35 '1 tt 28,9E0 15,969 12,991 22,622 6,338

Brigham Young University (Utah) 36 2 . 11 28.894. 15,182 13.712 23,401 5,493

City Univ. ol New York. Queens College 37 1 F 211.370 . 12.043 16,327 17.342 11#28

University of Massechusells 38 1 U 28.049 16,417 11,632 24,226 3.923 University a A/I2041 39 1 11 26,910 15,849 11,061 19.311 7,599

Long Beach City College ("am.) 40 1 T 26,825 14,260 12.565 6.367 20,458

University of Houston (Tex.) 41 1 U 26.4.75 16,878 9.597 16.844 . 9.631 University of Virginia 42 1 1) 25.971 15.274 10,697 14.370 11,601

San Fernando Valley Stale College (Calif.) 43 1 F 25.918 13.644 12,274 14,667 11,251

California State College at Los Angeles 44 1 F 25,134 . 14,356 10,778 12,772 12,362

City Univ. of New York, Hunter College 45 1 F 25,093 6,833 18.260 10,721 14,372

Bohm Universily Mass.} 46 2 U 25.051 12.243 12,808 17,747 7,304

University of Florida 47 1 U 24,830 15,850 8,980 21.110 3,720

San Diego City College, 48 1 T 24,813 17,938 , 6,875 7,452 17,361

Northem Illinois Universify 49 1 U 24,669 13.035 11,63t 17.470 7,199 Slate Univ. of N.Y. at Buffalo 50 1 U 24,386 15.249 9,137 17,571 6,815

Ohio University 51 1 U 24,086 13,581 10,505 20,184 3,902

University of Hawaii 52 1 U 23,680 12,411 11.264 19,754 3.926 Western Michigan University 53 1 F 22,971 12,317 10,654 11,385 5,586

Columbia University (N.Y.) 54 2 U 22,948 13,235 9.7)3 15,788 7.160 University of Oklahoma 55 I U 22,813 14,832 7,981 15,199 7.614 San Francisco Stale College 56 1 F 22.430 11,534 10,916 11,901 10,469

University of Maine 57 1 U 22,334 .12,423 9,911 15,829 6,505

University of Utah 58 1 U 22.204 14,343 7,861 17,558 4.646 El Camino College (Calif.) 59 I 7 22,067 12,278 9,789 8,853 13,214

Texas Technical University 60 1 0 21,547 12.738 8,811 18.435 3.112

Institutions ranked by size of total enrollment.

/ publicly contruJed institutions are identified by a "1"; privately controlled by a

"2",

;The types of inslitutions are ide :led as billows: "U," universities: "F." other

4-year institutions: "T," 2year institutions.

'Includes students whose programs of study are creditable toward a bachelor's or

higher degree and also undergraduate students in 1.,,2, of 3year occupational

programs which we not creditable toward a bachelor's degree.

NOTE. For institutions with more than one campus enrollment shown is the com

billed figure for all campuses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"11 all Enrollment in Higher Education, 1971."

7 1
Table K.-Total enrollment in institutions of higher education, by control of institution and by States Fall MD.

Stale Public ± Private Stale' Local State

and

local Independent of church Denominalional Protestant 2 6 7Roman Catholic 8 Other

United States.. Alabama Alaska Arizona.. Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho,

flinch

indium

Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire

New fersey New Mexico Now York Ninth Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma. Oregon

Pennsylvania Rhode Island

ioullt Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas' Utah Vermont Virginia

Washington West.Viminia Wisconsin Wyoming U.S. Service Schools Outlying areas Canal Zone Guam

Puerto Rico Virgin Islands

8,498,117 4,450,096 1,465,635 455,277 1,213,073 478,604 392,912 42,520

102,707 10,017 110,106

51,639

1.255,732

121,606

124,931 23,850

75,920

234,176

126,191 36,510

34.700

453,573

191,156

108,312

101,297 96,944

120,720

32,180

148,557

303,038

394,095

159,076

73,128

183,570

29,699 66.375

12.960

. 29,046

210,372

43,733

776,608

171,577,

30,484

371,412

109,542

114,279

410,479

45,087 70.230

30,731 135,499

438,548

79.144

22,114

149,217

180,397

63,230

201,554

15,028

17,036

06.638 8,770

65,049

41,333

437,965

99,940

72,930

19,904 86,952

96,468

32,969

23,837

184,841 135,003

53,473

65,076

75,734 96.817

23,110

75,952

110,398

215,466

128,956 50.095 93,624

20,927

47,341

12.875 15,786

104,422

39,383

147,935

98,880

27,263

215,264

89,706

63,296

191,305

25,061 43,907

23,857

39,206

256,501 49,630

12,514

120,910

142,033 51,452

139,301 8.800

17,036

39,826

2,070

625,454

.6,641

..... 10,511 99,609

5,357

3,442

93,646

8,302

20,460

287 36,312

3,624 98,143

9,372

31,376

1.994 3,646

19,400

1,090 123.182 5,164

1,936

22,394

1.162 36,452

33,491

1.802

77,241

15,018

21,952

4J,24

3,000

61,550

4,688

1,380

757 90,598 400 3,344

46,272

2,828

33,881 1,152 35,097

, 8,067

651

tis

36,584 79,866

12,401 6.189 15,346

1,480 235 5.016

4,055 8.3%

7,719

5,812 20,734

162,842 28,442 23,682

3,ga

4,149 1,557 7,175 23,848

17,032 165,805

18,897 39.586

604

1,013 7,958

2,253 28,848

3,059

8,536

. 1,698

4,65285

10,485 45,578

4:9

294,141 10,932 33,728

9.160

10,501 104,065

15.479 8,629

1,496 14,045

16,473

1,231 7,716 S33

2,622

7,381 11.089

9.644

1,247

851 7,479

15,398

9,680

70 1,116 15,657 5.864 16,299

103 2.237 25,512

26,601

16,132 9,394

9,712

3.365 2,850

1.826

12.902 19,890

7,355

11,335 560

5.091

4,457 6.425

36,675

645 31.675 8,408

2,928

23,028

13.639 4,605

20,779

48,023 835

18,006

13,791 3,453

4,060

1,757

- 24,421

1.601 5,659

15,871 3,702

1.480

17.151 1,575

4,652 6,487

7.801 1,351 6,634

24,196

15,460

9,816

16,118

2,219 4.645

2.775

18,861 2,821 34,668

1.029

040 2t,40

50289 50,626

4,547

773

1.469 11,462

-- -.- 1,884 663 3.869

744 16,616

346

1,307 5,019

302

1.195

263

152

62,2 4,452

1.314

68,216 47,555 12,724 7,937

1,244 2.349

63.177

1,446

1,244 2,349

42,516

1,446

12.724 7,937

3 I nclodes institutions ender Federal-Control (U.S. Service Schools and Canal lone

Collate).

includes Jewish, Letter Day Saints, Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox, and Unilarian. NOTE,- includes studenti whose prevails of study are creditable toward a

bachelor's or higher degree and also simians la 1, 2-, or 3-year undergraduale

72

programs which are not creditable inward a bachelors degree, but which are

designed to prepare for immediate employment or to provide general education.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Office of Educailon,

"Advance Report on Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Ede:Arlon, 1970: Instilu-

'tonal Data": "Education Directory, 1970-71:Higher Education"; and unpublished

data.
fable 35.-Enroilment In institutions of higher education, by sex and by type and control of Institution:

United States and outlying areas, fall 1960 and fall 1965

Type and control of institution

Number of students; 1960 - Number ol students 1965 - Percent change. 1960 to 1965 Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

I 2 3- 1 5 . 6 7 8 9 10 TOTAL, PUBLIC MD PRIVATE

Ail institutions 3,610,007 2,270,640 1,339,367 '5,570,271 3,396,574 2373,697 +54.3 +49.6 +62.3

t-year institutions 453,617 283,292 170,325 845.244 523,532 321,712 +86.3 +84.8 +88.9

I-year institutions 3.156.390 1,987,343 1,169,042 4,725.021 2,873,042 1,851,985 +49.7 +44.6 +58.4 Universities 1.550.902 1,071,608 479,214 2,303.777 1.516,551 793.226 +48.5 +41.0 +65.5

Liberal Ms toilers 1,027.567 560,050 467.517 1.553.783 845,348 308,435 +51.2 +50.9 +51.5

1ndependen.iy organized professional schools:

Teachers colleges 359,227 171,021 121.206 571,695 276,168 295.527 +59.1 +61.5 +57.0

Technological schools 106.978 99.479 7,499 134.455 121.398 13,057 +25.7 +22.0 +74.1 Theological, religious 41.817 32,723 9,094 49,604 37,297 12.307 +18.6 +14.0 +35.3

Schools of art 15.166 8,241 6,925 21,119 16.328 10,791 +39,3 +25.3 +55.8

Other professions' 54,733 44,146 10,587 90,594 71,952 18,642 +65.5 . +63.0 +76.1 PUBLIC All institutions 2.135.550 1,326,545 869,145 3,154578 2.205,652 1,448,926 +71,1 +66.3- +79.1

!cor institulions 393;553 253,566 139,938 731,913 466.019 273,899 +88.0 +618 ' +95.7

I-year institutions 1,742.137 1.072,990 869,157 2,914,660 1,739.533- 1,175,027 +67,3 +62.1 +75.6

1niversities 991,716 672,271 319,445 1,633,870 1,050,319 583,551 +64.8 +56.2 +82-7

.iberal arts colleges 345,926 182,207 163,719 642,769 347,730 295,039 +05,8 +90.8 +80.2

ndependently organized professional schools: . -

Teachers colleges 345,906. 167,542 178,364 555.271 273,336 281,935 +60,5 +63.1 +58.1 Technological schools_ 46,063. 42,950 3,113 67,065 58.128 8,957 4.45.6 +35.3 +187,7

Theological, reloluus 0.0 0.0 0.0 Schools of act 257 lir iii WO 315 iii +207.4 4'42,3 +274.0 Outer professional 12,269 7.880 4,389 14,875 9,805 5,070 +21.2 +24.4 +15.5

...; ,. PRIVATE - All Institutions 1,474,317 944,095 590,222 1,915,693 1,190,922 - 724,771 +29.9 +26,1 +36.7

. !vor institutions 60,064 29,727 30,337 105.326 57,513 47,813 +75.4 +93.5 +57.6

I-year institutions 1,414,253 914,368 499,085 1,810,367 1,133,409 676.958 +28,0 +24.0 4-35-5 Universities 559,186 399,417 159,769 669,907 460.232 209.675 +19,8 +15.2 +31.2 . Liberal ads colleges 681,641 377,843 303,798 911,014 497,618 413,396 +33.7 +31,7 +36.1

Independently organized professional schOols:

Teachers colleges..,. 13,321 3,479 9,842 16,424 2,832 13,592 +23.3 -18,6 +38.1 Technological schools , 60,915 56,529 . 4,386 67,370 63,270 4,100 +10.6 +11.5 -6.5

Theological, religious . 41.817 32,723 9,094 49,604 37,297 12,307 +18.6 +14.0 +35,3

Schools of art 14,909 8,111 6,798 20,329 10,013 10.316 +36.4 +23.4 +50.8

Other professional 42,464 36,266 6,198 75,719 - 62,147 13,572 +78.3 +71.4 +119.0

NOTE.-Includes resident and extension degreecredit students.

SOURCE: U.S. Department ol Health, Education, and Welfare, Office 01 Education, "Opening fall Enrollmest in Higher Education, 1965"; and unpublished data,

73.
Table 86.-Enrollment in institutions of higher education compared with population aged 18-24:

United States, fall 1950 to tall 1971

. . _ YearPopulation

18.24 years

ol age I Enrollment Number enrolled per 100

persons 18.24

years of age Year Population

18.24 years

ol age%

Enrollment- Number entolled per 100 Peisons /8-24 Seals el age

1 2 .3 4 I 2 3 4 1950

1951 1952 1953' 1954 1955. 1956

1957 1958

1959

,

161075.000 15,781,000 15.473.000

*15.156,000

15,101200

14,968200

'14,980,000

- 15,095,000

15.307,000 15,677,000

2286.500

2,107,109

2.139.156

2,235.977 2,452,466

2,660.429

2,927,367

3247,373

3236,414

3,377,273

142

11A

13.8

14.7

16.2 17.8

19.5 20.2

21.2

.21.5

1960

1961 1962

1953

1934

1965 1966 ............. 1967

1968 1969 ............. 1970

1971

16,122.000 . 16.961.000

17.608.000

18,188.1100 18,722800

20,202,000

21,346.000

22,244,000

22,787200

23.600.000 24,625200

25,701.000

3,582,726

3,860.643

4,174.936

.4.494.826

4,950,173

5,526,125 ' 5,928.000

I 6.392,000

6.929.115

7,484.073

7,920.149

8.116,103

22/ 22.8

23.7

24.7

26.4

27.4 27.8

28.7

30,4

31.7

32.2 11.6 1 These Duman of the Census estimates ale as of luly 1 preceding he opening of

the academic year. They include Armed Forces overseas

,Eilitnaled.

ROTE. --Oats ale for 50 States and the District of Columbia. Beginning in 1953,

enrollment figures include resident and extension degree-credit studenls: data los

earlier years exclude exlension students.

SOURCE'S; U.S, Departmer" I Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

circulars on "Opening Fall Carolinian! in Higher Education"; H.S. Department of

Commerce. Bureau of the Census, "Cutien1 Population Reporls," Series P-25,

Nos, 311, 314, 385, 441, and 470.

Table 81.--Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex and by control of Institution:

United States, fall 1946 to tall 1971

Year Total Enrollment by see Enrollment by controlof Institution i Year Total

Enrollment by sex Enrollment by conirel

of institution Men Wane Public Private Men Women Public Private

3 4 5 6 2 3 4 5 6 r

1946 12.078,095 11,417,5 1 660,500 (1) (21 t, 1958.. , ..... 3,226,038 2,092.2.8 1.131.820 1,883260 1.342,078

1947* 2,338,226 1859249 678,977 1,152,377 1,185,849 1 1959 1,364,861 2,151,565 1,211,296 1,972,457 1,392,404

1948 2.403.396 1.109.367 699.029 1,185.528 120.10 )1960 3,582,726 2,256,877 .1,125,849 2,115,893 1,466,1333 1449 2.444200 1.721.572 723.326 1207,151 1,237.749 f 3930 2.281,298 1,560,392 720,906 1,139,699 1,141,599 1961 . .. 3,860,643 2,408,601 1,452,042 2,328,917 1.531,731

1962 4,174.936 2.587291 1,5117.645 2,573.120 3.601.216

1951 2.101,962 1,390.740 711,222 1,037,938 1,064224 1963... 4.494,626 2,772,562 1,722,064 2,848,454 1,646.172

1952 2,134,242 1,380.357 753.885 4101.240 1,031,002 1964 4,950,173 3,032.992 1.917,181 3.179,527 1.770,646

1953 2.231.054 1.422.598 800.456 1.185,876 1.045.178 1965 5,526,325 3,374,603 2,151,722 3,624,442 1,901,883

1954 2,446,693 1,563,382 881,311 1,153.531 1,093,162

1955 2,653.034 1,733.184 919,850 1.476282 1.176.752 19661 5,928.000 3.577,000 2.351.000 3.940.000 1,988,000

1967 t 6,392,000 1,822,000 2,570,000 4,349,000 2,043,000

1956..,....,, 2,938,212 1,911.458 1206.754 1.656.402 3,261,810 1968 ..... ... 6.928,115 4,119,002 2.009,113 4,891,743 2,036,372

1957 3236.938 1.985,088 1,051,850 1,752,669 1,284,269 1969 7,484,073 4.419,147 3,064,926 5814,934 2,039,139 1970.- 7,920,149 4,636,64) 1,283,508 5,800,089 2,1241,060 1971 8,116,303 4,717,099 3,199,004 6.013,934 2,102.169 2 Estimated. I Oats net available. NOTE.--8eginniag in 1980, data vela 50 Slates and the District of Columbia: data

for earlier years are fur 48 Stales and the Oistrkl of Columbia, Beginning in 1953,

mailmenl flutes include resident and extension levee-credit students; dela for

earlier years exclude exlension students.

1 ,--. l

-r.

74

SOURCE: U.S. Oepattment of Health, Education, andlielfare, Office of Education

circulars on "Opening rail Enrollment In Higher 'Educallon"; and Oldie of Education estimates.
Table 88.-Resident degree-credit enrollment in institutions of higher educationletated to total population

and to age groups 18 -U and 18-241 United States, MOO to fall ISM

Year

Population ' Resident degree-credit enrollment Ratios

.Totat1 . Ages 18.211

. Ages 13.241 Total Under- graduate

..:Graduate

Total resident degree.credit

students to 100 ofUnder/rad- unto

resident

degreecredit

students to

100 of poet'. lacier 18.21

Total papule.

lion . hautelion

18.21 Papillation18.24

1 . 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Academic year: . - - 0869.70 39.818,449 3316,000 4,574.000 52286 (1) (5) 0.13 1.68 1.14 (1). 1879.80 50,155.783 4,253,000 7,092,000 115,817 {5) ('1 .23 2,72 1.63 (1) 1889.90 62,947.714 5,160,000 8,820,000 156,756 154,374 2,382 .25 3.04 1.78 239

1899.1900 75,994,535 5,931,000 10.357,000 237.592 231.761 5,831 .31 4.01 2.29 3,41 1909.10. 99,442,000 6334,000 12,300.000 355,213 346 360 9,153 .30 5.12 239 4.99

1919-20 104.512,000 7,386,000 12.830.001) 597,880 582,268 15.612 .57 8,09 4.66 7.38

1929.30 121.770.000 8.862.000 15,260,000 1100.777 1,053,482 47,255 .90 -12.42 7.20 11.89 1939.40 131,028,003 9,582300 16,458.000 1.494,203 1.388,455 105,748 1.14 15.59 9.08 14.49

1941.42 .1 133.402,000 9,703.000 18,715.000 1,403,990 .11.318.547 585.443 1,05 14.47 8.40 13.59

(043.44 136,739,000 9.706,000 16,914,000 1,155,272 1 1.096,041 '59231 .84 11.90 6.83 11.29 1945-45 139,928.000 9357,000 16.790.000 1376,851 1.555.599 121,252 11.20 17.55 9.99 16.28 1947.48 144,126.000 9,276.000 16.419,000 2,616,262 2.441.830 174,432 1.82 28.20 15.93 26.32

1949.50 149.188.000 8,990,000 16.120.000 2.659.021 2,421,813 237208 1.78 29,58 16.50 26.94 - 1950.52. 154,283000 8,742.000 (5,709,000 2,301,884 2.068.557 233,327 1.49 26.33 14,65 23.66

1953-54 159.559.000 8,441,000 15,221,000 2,514,712 2,237,713 276,999 1.58 29.79 16.52 26.51 1st term of ar,ademic.year: .. November 1953 . 159,559000 8,441.000 15221,000 2,1991172 1,976,863 223,109 1.3$ 26.06 14.45 23.42 November 1955 165,276000 8,508,000 14,966,000 2,597.670 2,347.656 250,014 157 30.53 17.36 27.59

let term, 1957;58 171,278,000 8,844,000 15,118.000 2.899,505 2.621,919 277,646 169 32.79 , 19.18 29,65

1st term, 1959-60 . 177.830.000 9,190.000 15.677,000 3,235.544 2,873.724 341.820 1.81 34.99 20.51 31.27 1st tom, 1961-62 183,691,000 10,253,000 16361000 3.726.114 3328,286 397,826 2.03 36.34 21.97 32.46

fall 1963 .1 189,242,000 11.155000 18.188.000 4,234.092 3,755515 478,577 2.24 31.96 23.28 33.61

fail 1968 200,706300 14,342,000 22.787,000 6.659,203 5,651,279 807,924 3.32 46,43 29.22 40.80

fall 1969 - 202,677,000 -.14,199,000 23,600.000 7.136.075 16,308,029 828,046 3.52 .. 50.26 30.24 : . 44.43

fall 1970 204,879000 14,540,000 24,625.000 7,545,340 6,645,308 : 900.032 3.68 5129 30.64 45,70

1 Armed forces overseas are excluded from 1869-70 to 1929.30; they ate included

in 1939-40 and subsequent years.

'Oats are actual census counts as id June 1 from 1870 to 1900; (or later years they.

We estimates by the ellteall at the Ceases as of July 1 preceding the fail term of

each school year. . Data from 1869.70 to 193940 are estimates by the Office of Education horn

figures far broad age groups supplied by the Bureau 01 the Census; data for later

years are estimates by the Dureau of the Census.

Oats not available: . *Distribution by level estimated.

Includes "unclassified" students not distributed by level.

NOTE. - Students in programs leading to fitstprolessional degrees are included

with undergradqates.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Heft, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Biennial Survey of Education in the United States"; and comprehensive surveys

. of enrollment in tostittdions of higher education,

75
Table 39.- Enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex. type of enrollment,

and control of institution: United States, fall 1970

Type at enrollment and

,centrol of instnution '

. Number of students Type of enrollment and

cordrot of inn:bitten

e

.. Number Total at students Total Men Women Men Women

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 . 1 AR inslituttonsi All resident and extension sibilants Degree-credit students Resident students Undergraduate and it slloolessional students Undergraduate students

Full-lime PartAime First- professional students Graduate students. Unclassified students Extension students Nowdegree-credit students Resident students Extension students- Publicly controlled institutions: All resident and extension students Degree- credit students Resident students Undergraduate and lirstprafessionai students Undergraduate students

Full-time

8.580.887 5.043242 3.537.245 Part -time First - professional students ..... Graduate students Unclassified students Extension students Non-degree-credil students. Resident students. Extension students

. Privately controlled institutions: All resident and extension students onvevmedit students Resident students Undergraduate and first-professional

students....

Undergraduate students

,Full -Itme Part-time First-professlonal students. ..... . Graduate students Unciassilied students Extension students

. Non - degree- credit egree-credit studeniS Resident students Extension sludents........

1,014,352 75257

605,925 233271 322229

628.045 600.868

27.177 ---- 7,-..laii.-

2.152.753

5432(6

68.9%

.368,677

124,475

156.646 390.734

373,062

17,672 Il 1.310,757

411,036

8,591 237,248

109,396

196,283

237,311 227.906 ---- 9,505

841,996

7,920,149

7,545,340

4.288.883

6,115272

4.907,227

3.208.245

173.411 900,032

356,425

374,809

660,738 632260

28,378

4,636.641 4.451,559 3190.178

3,531.529

2.867.098 664231

158,619

569,042

192,339

185,082

407,001 388.247

18,154

3.283.508

3,093,781 2,598205

2.583,943

2,040,129 543214

14,762 330.990 16.4'16

189,727 253,737

243,513

10,224

2,120,060

2.068.180

1,651,519 1.553,565

1,359,672 193,893

97,954 294,107

122,554 51,880

32,693

31,492

1,201

1,294.490

1,266,054 997.825

908.132

787.017

121.115 89,693

200.365

67,864 28.436 16,267

15,785 482

825,570

802.126

653,694 645.433

572,655

72,778

8,261 93.742

54.690

23,444

16,426

15,707

719

6,428.134 3232,885 2295,249 5100.089

5.477.160

4.637,364 4,561,907

3,547,555

3.342,151 3.185,505

2292,353

2,623,397

2,080,081

2,457,938,

2,291,655

1,945101

1.038.510 1267,474

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, anclVel ate, Office of Education, "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1170, Supplementary Information.'

Table 90.- First -tine enrollment in institutions of higher education, by sex and

by control of institution: United States, fall 1946 to fall 1972

. Yea(

..- Total

,- Enrollment, by see Enrollment, by tOrlif01

of institution Year Telel Enrollmeni, by sex Eno:Meat, by coolie!of institution MOM Women Public Private Men Women Pblic Private

1 2 3 4 5 '6 1 2 . 3 4 5 6

1946 ' 696,419 I 499,532 3 196,887, (3) (7) 1959 818,280 486,057 332.223 498,652 319,628

1947 592246 399272 192.874 298,508 294.338 1960 923,069 539,512 383,557 577,744 345,325

1948 567.191 368.940 198,251 295,135 272.056

1141 554,508 355,319 199,289 298,515 256.093 1961 1,018,361 591,913 426,44f 648,236 370.125

1950 512,427 317.163 195,264 281911 230.516 1962 1,030,554 598,099 ' 432,455 669.728 360.826 1963.. . .. 1.046.417 604,282 442,135 686.861 359.556

1951 467,999 278,092 189,907 259,560 208.439 1964 ' 1,224,840 701,524 523.316 814,664 410,176 1952 532,310 321,310 211,000 304,518 227.792 1965 1,441,822 829,215 612,607 990,021 451,801

1953 566,969 341,761 224,208 331.656 234,313

1954 624,910 382,852- 212,058 371,706 253,204 1966' 1,378,000 787,000 591,000 947,000 431.000

1955 668,064 414.571 253,493 398,423 _289,641 1967' 1,439,000 814,000 625.000 1224.000 415,000

1968 . 1229,751 924,580 705,171 1200.784 428,967

1956, .. ....... 714,966 441.525 273,441 427211 287,355 1969 1,748,655 985,719 762,936 1.309,359 439,296

1957. 721,547 440.613 280,934 431,858 289,689 ,1970 1;780,119 983.794 706,325 1,337.896 442.223 1958., 772,292 463,865 308,427 471,712 300.580 1971 1,765,625 967,859 797,766 1239,177 426,448

19723 1,738.000 947.000 791.000 1,321,000 417.000 Estimated. ;Oda not available.

Preliminary data.

NOTE.-Beginning in 1960, data are for 50 States and the Oistilat of Columbia;

-for earlier years. lot 48 Slates aid the District o( Columbia. Beginning In 1963,

.1> 70

enrollment figures include resident and envision degree - credit students; for

earlier yeas, they exclude extension students.

SOURCE: U.S, Department at Health. Education, and Weliare, Office of Education,

citculais on "Fall Eandlment ,in Higher Education"; and (Alice of Education

estimates. -

r
Selected Characteristics of First-Time College Students

A recent report from the American Council on

Education provides a wealth of information on the

personal characteristics, family bac;:ground. atti

tudes. and aspirations of first-time college students. The study is based upon a sample survey of

fulltime students who enrolled in college for the

first time in the fi-.;; of 1971. Some 01 the more

noteworthy statistics from the report are summarized in the discussion that follows and in the accompanying chart.

niez,.ly threefourths or the tirsttime students

were 18 years of age (as of December 31, 1971),

and a full 90 percent were either 18 or 19 years

old. The men tended to be slightly older than the

women. Five percent of the men had had previous

military service, as compared with only 0.2 percent

of the women. Ninety-three percent of the women

and 89 percent of the men graduated from high

school in 1971. Fourfifths of the women and two

thirds of the men ranked in the upper half of their

high sch001 class. Only 15 percentof the men and

19 percent of the women expected to leave school

before obtaining a bachelor's degree.

Many of the 1971 college freshmen had a family

background characterized by relative affluence.

Only 34 percent. for example, estimated their par.

ents* income in 1970 as less than $10,000. Forty

five percent of their fathers and 36 percent of their

mothers had also attended college. A majority of

the fathers were either businessmen or professional

People. About 55 percent of the students listed parents! or family assistance as a major source of

their financial support while attending college.

One-half of the first-time students were enrolled

in a college that was 50 miles or less from their

home. Six percent of the students were Negroes,

and four percent belonged 0 other minority groups.

Ninety-seven percent of the men and the women

reported that they were unmarried at the time of

the survey.

For additional information the reader may wish

to consult Research Report Vol. 6. No. 6, The

American Freshman: National Norms for Fall 1971.

The report may be purchased for $3.00 a copy

from the American Council on Education, One

Dupont Circle, N.W., Washington. D.C. 20036.

W. VANCE GRANT,

specialist in educational statistics

77
Table 91.-Selected characteristics of otrsttime students in institution_s of higher education: United States, fall 1971

'Percentage diskibutionl

Item

First-lime slodenls

Mtn

Firs -time St Ild011tS Total Men Women Total Men Women

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

To 111 100.0 100.0 100.0 Religious Preference:

. Protestant 416, 38.7 44.8 Age by Docembet 11,1971: . Roman Catholic* 29.5 30.1 28.7 16 or manger .1 .1 .1 Jewish ,. - 211 211 2.9

17 3.4 2.6 4,3 Other 11.7 12.0 11.4 18 74.1 70.5, 78.4 bone, 14,4 36.3 12.2 19 16.0 18.6 12.8 Current porillcal preference: 20 . 2.1 2.6 1,4 Far left 2.8 3:5 1.9 21, .7 .9 1 .5 liberal 35.3 36.1 33.6 22-25 2.3 3.6 .9 Middle-of-Ike-road 46.9 " 43.6 50.6 26 or older 1.4 1.2 1.6 Conservative 14.5 15.3 13.6 Racial background:3 Fat right .7 .9 .4 White, Caucasian 91.4 923 90.6 Year finished secondary school:

Black, Negro, Alto-American 6.3 5.5 7.2 Graduated in 1971 90.4 88.6 92.6 American Indian .9 1.0 .9 Did not graduate in 1971. . 9.6 11.4 7.4 . Otiental .5 .5 .4 Rank in high school class:

Mexican-American, Chicano 1.1 1.1 1.1 Top quarter 41.8 35.1 49.7 Puerto Rican-American .2 .2 .2 Second quarter 31.3 32.0 NM

Other 1.2 1.2 1.1 Third quarter 23.0 27.5 17.5 Father's education: . Fourth quarter. 4.0 ; 5.3 2.4 Grammar school or less 8.8 BA 6.8 Dislaace from home to college:

Some high school 15.8 16.7 14.9 5 miles of less 11,4 11.2 116 HMO school graduate 30.9 31.9 '29.7 6 la 10 miles.. 11.8 12.3 11.2 Some college - 16.9 16.4 17.4 11 lo 50 mites 26.8 26.1 26.9 College degree 18.4 17.6 19,4 .51 to NO miles 14.6 14.1 15.3 Poslgradualr Jegree 9.3 . 8.7 10.0 101 to 500 miles 27.7 27.1 28.4 Estimated parental income: More than 500 miles 7.7 8.6 6.7 Less than $4,000 5.3 4.9 5.9 Highest degree planned:

$4,000 to 35,999 6.7 6.4 7.2. None 6.5 6.5 6.6 56,003 to 57,999 9.8 9.8 9.6 Associate for equivalent) 10.2 8.3 126

$8,000 to 59.999 126 12.9 124 Bachelor's (B,A.. B.S.) k 37.5 33.8 41.8

$10,000 to 312,499 16.1 19.5 111 Master's (M.A.. M.S I 25A 25.4 26.6 $12,50010 $14,999 14.2 14.6 136 Ph.D. or Ed.11 7.6 9.7 5,2

515,000 to 219,999 14.3 146 13.9 M.D.. 0.0., D.O.S., or ON M 4.9 6.9 2.6 220600.10 124.999 8.1 7.9 8.4 LLB or 1.0. (law) 3.6 . 5.6 '

`.2

525,000 to $29,999 3.8 3.7 4,0 B.O. (divinity) .3 .5 530.000 to $34,999 2.4 2.2 2.7 Other 3.5 3.5 S 335,000 to 539,999 1.3 1,2 1.5 Malor sources of financial supped for college:3 - $40,000 or more 3.4 3.4 - 3.3 Part-lime or summer work 29.0 342 22.8 Marital status: Savings from fall -lime emptoymenl ' ' 9.4 11.5 6.9 Presently married 2.8 3.0 2.6 Parental or family aid or gifts 54.5 48.9 ell Not married 97.2 97.0 97.4 Parent's military strvice 1.9 1.9 1,8 Veteran status: Personal military service 2.5 4.5 .2 No 97.2 95.0 99.8 Scholarships and grants 19.3 18.4 20.5 Yes, served in southeast Asia 1.5 23 .0 Loans 1111£A, Wats% Mused. or college)._ .. 14.7 13.5 159 Yes, did not serve in southeast Asia 1.4 2.3 2 Other,repayable loans 6.2 5.6 7.0 3 Because some students gave multiple responses to thiilem,pucentages add to more than 100.0. NOTE-Data are based upon a sample survey of full -lime freshmen enrolled in

college for the int time. Because 01 rounding, Putenteges may not add to 109.0.

.

78

SOURCE: American Council on Edecition, Research Report Vol- 6, No. 6. "The American Freshman: National Norms for Fall 1971." December 1971.

. -

_ .
Table 92,-Residence and migration of college students taking work creditable

toward a bachelor's or higher degree, by State: Fall 19611

State

.. enrolled' Students Student

I eside nts a Studentsa Ratio of 'Indents

emaining toMigration of students

r emainine

- Students enrolled Student residents Out at Slate

Into Slate Net (col. B

- col. 7)

1 . 3 r 4 5

. 5 7 "8 9 Unhed Stales,," 6.659.203 6,545,353 5,425,012 OM 0,33 1.120,351 1,234,191 a 113,840 Alabama 91,339 88.905 77,517 .85 .87 11,388 13.882 2,494 Alaska , , 3,013 4,709 2.393 .79 .51 2,316 620 -1.696 Arizona 76,384 69,499 62,100 .81 .89 7,399 14,284 6.685' Arkansas 48,365 48,613 40,988 .85 .84 7.625 7,377 -248

Californh4 822.296 810,208 762,918 .93 94 47,290 59.378 12.088 Colorado 92.688 75.033 63,828 .69 .85 11,205 28.860 17,555 Connecticut 97.681 118.805 75,t25 .77 .64 43281 22.156 -21.125 Delaware 13,500 14.087 7,935 .59 .56 6,152 5.565 -587 District ot Columbia 61.315 23,913 14,173 .23 ,59 9.740 47.142 37.402 Florida 176,973 181,107 149,262 .84 .82 31,845 27,711. - +,134

Georgia 102,514 96,951 80.373 .78 .83 16,578 22,241 5,663 Hawaii 25,012" 27,636 19,737 .79 .71 7,899 5,275 - 2,624' Idaho 25.495 27,436 19,930 .78 .73 7,506 5,565 -1,941

Illinois 352,767 385,221 304,182 .86 .79 81.039 48.585 -32.454

Wilma 172.090 145.595 124,177 .72 .85 21,978 47,913 26,495

Iowa. 97.740 91,935 69,458 .71 .76 22,477 28282 5,865 Kansas 90.360 84,044 11,397 .79 .85 12,547 18,963 6.316 Kentucky 90,204 81,312 66,608 .76 .84 12.704 21,596 8,892

Louisiana 112,529 107,416 98,516 .88 .92 BAR '14,013 5.051 Maine 21.491 20,689 13,924 .65 .67 6,165 7,567 802. Maryland 105,659 120.986 85,662 ,81 .71 35,324 19.997 -15,327 Massachutetts 240,528 203,212 160,281 .67 .79 - 42.931 80,247 37,310 Michigan 294,437 277,135 . 256.563 .83 .92 21,572 38,874 17,302 Minnesota 125.617 121.847 103,418 .82 .85 16.429 22,194 3,770

Mississippi 62,960 61.796 54,885 .87 .89 6.861 8,075 -. 1.214 Missouri 154.428 137.608 115,597 .75 .84 22.011 38,831 16,120 Montana 24,376 25,658 20,599 .85 .50 5,059 3277 -1,282 Nebraska 59,634 52,731 44.172 .75 ,85 7,959 14,862 6,903 Nevada 9.355 11,053 7,680 .82 .69 3.373 1,675 -1,698

New Hampshire 23,007 18,356 10,739 .47 :59 7,517 12,268 4,651 New feisty 149,506 248216 130.950 .88 .53 117.256 18.546 -98,710 New Mexico 36,833 36.477 29,882 .81 .82 6,595 6.951 356 New York 686,466 142,182 604.532 .8( .81 137.650 81,934 -55,716 North Carolina 125,076 101,520 88,929 .71 .88 12,591 36,147 23,556 North Dakota 24.130 24,859 20.129 .83 .81 4,730 9,001 -729

- Ohio 320,982 310.621 259,600 .81 .89 51,017 61.378 10,361 Oklahoma 96,437 89.949 80,913 .84 . .90 9,036 15,524 6,488

Oregon 84,405 79,648 69.652 .83 .87 1 9.996 14,753 4,757 Pennsylvania 339.690 350,257 772,846 .80 .78 77.441 66,844 -10,597 Rhode Island 33,518 30,048 21,398 .64 .71 8,650 12,120 3,470 Soulh Carolina 46.905 46.991 35,477 .76 ",75 11.514 11.428 -86

South Dakota 26,786 25.090 20,614 .77 .82 4,476 6,172 1,696 ,-, Tennessee 117,264 97227 84,068 .72 .86 13,358 33,190 20,037 Texas 353,801 340,783 318,891 .90 .94 21.892 34.910' 13,018 Utah 64,962 47,051 43,926 .68 .93 3,125 .21,036 17,911 Vermont..- 16,926 10.711 6.760 .40' .63 3,951 10.166 6.215 Virginia 100,196 114,966 75.653 .76 .66 39,313 29,543 -14,170

Washington 124.046 118,658 105,454 . .85 . .89 -. -. 13,204 18,594 5,390 West Virginia 63,603 43.862 37,317 .70 .85 6,545 16,286 9.741 Wisconsin 156.239 139,528 122,242 .78 :88 17,386 33,997 16,611 Wyoming 12,286 13,080 9,628 .78 .74 3,452 2,658 -794 U.S. Service Schools a 15,227 .... --- -- --- --- 15,227 15,227 Oullying area,' 51,955 55,532 49,153 .95 .89 6,379 2,802 -3,577

"Students enrolled" are students enrolled in the State (those remaining plus the

innsigrants).

a"Stucicist residents" are those with residence in the State, and studying ei her in

or out of the State.

a "Students remaining" are students studying in their home State. , The inrolgrauen exceeds the outmigraliaa by the number of students from foreign

countries enrolled.

79

$E uollments in service schools a e not included 'n the State totals in column 2;

they are, however, included in the total for the United Slates, Students enrolled

a the service schools are included in column 3 according to students' Stale of residence. SOURCE: U.S. Departmen1 of Health. Education, and Welfare, Office of Education.

"Residence add Migration of College Students, Fall 1968."
Table 8. Enrollment for advanced degrees, by level ofenrollinent, sex of sttpennt, attendance status, and Held of study:

United States and outlying areas, fall 1970

. 1

Field 01 study All . sturfenls

Firsl-year students' Students beyond the led year '

Total Men Women Total Men Women

Fu 11- limePadtimeFulltime Parttime Fulltime Padtime

Fulltime Partlime

1 2 . 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Enrollment for master's and doctor's degrees , 116,207 527,834 136,680 178,977 72,488 139,689 266,373 123.886 86.658 HON 37.811 Agriculture 1.166 3.473 :276 877 214 106 3.693 2.360 1.107 153 73 Arthilectuce 2,240 1,261 969 126 - 147 19 979 721 136 101 21 Biological sciences 36,491 17245 7,467 4.555 2,982 2,241 19,254 11,316 3,232 3,488 1,218 Business and commerce 87.487 61,545 21,870 36,656 1,144 1,875 25.942 10,1111 14.163 486 412 City planning 3.193 2.061 1,214 389 326 132 1,132 690 233 153 56 Computer science and systems analysis 7,936 5.026 1.961 2.506 251 309 2.910 1,373 1.264 122 151 Education 254,473 191.7411 18,417 59.230 21.000 90.093 62,725 12,944 21.690 8,704 19,387 Engineering 64,788 35.477 15,393 19.424 307 353 29,31! 15,592 13,272 264 183 English and igurnation 35,953 22.929 4.914 4,355 5.320 8.340 13.028 4,173 2.533 3,326 2.996 Fine and applied ails 28.748 18,696 6.120 3,415 5,249 3,912 10.952 3,960 1,953 2,521 1,611 Folbtote 187 111 . 34 2 63 12 76 32 5 31 8 Foreign languages and literature 20.451 . 10.609 2,332 1.644 3,335 3,298 9.842 3,121 1,683 3,147 1,691 Forestry.. 1,485 732 532 159 34 7 753 524 210 19 .... Geography -3,334 1,995 - 959 694 176 166 1,339 CO 376 103 60 Health professions 14.242 8,270 3,145 811 3,293 1,021 5.972 3,345 682 1,505 440 Home economics 4,611 3.253 126 104 1233 1,685 1,355 134 50 ' 612 562 Law 2,533 2.183 638 1,434 39 72 350 , 86 253 2 9 Library science 12,416 9,161 879 732 3,344 4,201 3,255 360 366 910 1,619 Mathematical sciences 22.672 13.614 4.302 5.145 1.562 2.595 9.068 4.687 2.731 920 730,

Philosophy 4.051 2.276 1.213 559 335 169 2.575 1.530 .596 317 132 Physical sciences 40,113 17,356 9,1171 5,692 1.391 1,202 22)57 15.775 4.903 1,570 509 Psydrology . 25,312 14,262 4.926 3,873 2,663 2,800 11.080 5.210 2.082 2.555 1233 Religion 12,227 5.568 2,183 1.419 666 600 6,659 4,180 1654 495 330 Social sciences 97,185 58.063 20,830 18,005 11,261 7,967 39.122 18.409 9.741 7.891 3.081 Mead general curriculums and miscellaneous fields 26.071 20,930 ,4,209 7.159 3,053 6.509 5.141 1253 1)43 602 1.037

..... ...e. ..-,,e., Enrollment lor ftrst-profess1onal degrees 170.144 63.265 52,182 5,971 4.153 656 106.879 91.978 7.932 6.360 i 601

Chiropody or podialry (D.S.C. or Pod.D ) 1.148 353 ,344 ,.._ 9 ... 795 788 .. 7 .... Dentistry (0.D.S.,er 0.11.0.1 16510 4,639 4;534 2 A03 .. 11.871 11.695 5 170 I Medicine (M.D.) 40,170 11,394 10,141 12 1.240 i 28.776 26,103 41 2,630 2 Dplomelry (0.D.) 2.594 852 815 4 33 1,742 1.703 6 32 1 Dsteripatily (0.0.) 2,135 603 584 3 16 ... 1,532 1.480 8

1 , 44 ... Veterinary medicine (D.V.M.). 4.716 1.439 1,280 1 157 1 3.277 2.487 4 286 Law (LL.B. or 1.04 80.694 36,136 27,352 5.611 2,575 598 44,558 34,297 6,965 2,754 546 Theology MD.. Rabbi. or other tintprolessMnaM 20.954 1,449 0,247 335 2)6 51 13,505 12.324 893 235 53 Other 1,223 400 225 6 104 5 823 601 10 206 6

Students with tees than I full year of requited study for an advanced degree or its

ighivaleot in part-lime study.

'Students with 1 or more years of required study for all advanced degree.

80

SOURCE: U.S, Depa 'rant of Health, Education, and Welfare, Nice of Education

`Students Enrolled for Advanced Degrees. Fail 1970."
Table 94,-Enrollment for master's and doctor's degrees, by field ofstudyr

United States and outlying areas, fall 1960 to fall 1970

Field of sludy 1960 1962 1964 19661 1961 1970

1 2 , 3 4 5 . 6 7 All fields 314,349 373,845 477,535 555,025 703 74 . 5 816,207

Agriculture 3,852 4.282 4.772 5.308 - 6,497 7,166 Architecture ' 585 835 847 1.151 1.424 2,240

Biological sciences 14.775 172 68 , 23.660

. 28.316 33,047 36,499 Business and commerce 25,342 28,750 43,998 53.284 65.147 87,487 .,, City planning (2) (71 (P) 1.315 2.039 3,193 Computer science and systems analysis f') fq 2,032 3,893 7,936 Education 90,993 114,641 133,478 156,434 215,131 254,473

Engineering , ' 36,636' 43,850- 54,318 56.385 63,652 64.738 English and journalism, 13,463 16,873 22,661 27,499 32195 35,957

Fine and applied ails 9,255 13,513 15,015 38,802 23,974 - 23,748 Folklore (1) fli (11 102 176 187 - Foreign languages and titeralere 6.310 8.578 12.105 16,496 19,831 20.451

forestry 560 713 850 930 1,180 1,485 Geography 1.041 1,281 1.743 2.207 2,836 3.331 Health professions. 5,842 6,586 8,234 9,338 - 11,373 14.242 Home economics 1,580 1,581 2.213 2.410 3,484 4,611 Law 1,651 2,124 2,407 2,430 2,539 2,533

Library science 1,360 1,856 7,563 9,217 10,982 . 12.416 Mathematical sciences 11,170 14.121 18.226 20.380 22,947 22,612

Philosophy 2258 2,684 3,450 4.153 4,931 . 4,851 Physical sciences 25,701 28.591 34.051 36,061 40,937 40,113

Psychology 10,677 11.344 13,733 15,585 21,643 25,342

Religion Social sciences . 5,314

37,317

3,442

45,121

6,111 . 59108

7.383

69,282

12,620 83,72512,227 91,185

Broad general*currisulums and miscellaneous gelds 4,061 5.199 8291 8,305 16125 26,011

I Excludes 35 nenreporting institulions with in estimated 28,000 students enrolled

for master's and doctor's degrees. P Data not available. NO7E.-Data for 1980 and 1962 exclude students enrolled for lirst-prolessional

- degrees, including some master's degries in such fields as business and coremerce, education, library science, and social wok. Data for subsequent years

include all students enrolled for master's nor! dr,z1or's degrees.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, °Oise of Education'

circulars on "Students Enrolled for Advanced Degrees."

Table 95,- Selected characteristics of college students 15 to 34 years of age: United States, October 1971

Characteristic Number (In thousands) Percent Characteristic Number (in thousands) Percent

2 2 3 All students

Age:

16 and 17 years

18 and 19 years

20 and 21 years

22 to 24 years

25 to 29 years

3010 34 years..

. . ges : Male Female * Race: White Negro Other

8.082 100.0 Marital status:

Married, spouse present Other ResIdeoce:I - Metropolitan areas (in central cities)

Metropolitan areas (outside Mahal cities)

Noonretropolitaa areas

Year of college:

forst Second Third

fourth

Falb

Sixth or higher

2,029

6,053

2,484

3,249 2,348

2 433 , 1,885

1,392

1,175, 633 . 559

25.1 74.9

..313:7 40.2.- 29.1 30.2 23,3

17,2 11.5 71

6.9

279 2,126

1,99? 1,487

1,167

527 4,846

3,235

' 7,268

6841 134

3.5

33.7 24,7

iike. 13.2 6.5

60.0 40.0* 89,9

8.4

1.7

I Residence ,viers to the °omens .1 home address of be student rather than to

where he atiaids college. . NDTE.-Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

.

. ._-_...

81

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Betteu of the Census, "Current Population Reports," Series P-20, No, 241, . -
Table 96.Setected characteristics of graduate students: United States, spring 1965

Profile variables All atudents

.Profile variables Sex Age" Rates Citizenship Men Women 23 and under 24.28 29 and over White Nemo Other United States Other

1 2 3 . 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Number of studebts 477,535 335227 142,309 68,663 191,688 217,193 475,323 12.141 4.022 441,487 36.048 Peucent Total 100 100 100 100 100 , UM 100 100 100 100. 100 Set: 11=Vira=111 Men 70 75 70 52 73 69 03 Women 30 25 30 48 27 31 17 Age: 23 and under 14 13 18 15 9 11 15 a 24 Jo 28 AO 43 34 40 33 47 40 46

29 and over 45 49 45 58 42 45 46 Race: White 96 97 9S 97 97 96 96 Negro 3 2 4 2 2 3 3 Other (chiefly Oriental} 1 1 1 1 1 Citizenship:

United States 92 91 96 91 92 100 100 100 Other a 9 4 4 9 B Marital slates:

Single, no dependents 35 32 42 68 43 18 34 37 43 34 53 Single, with dependents 4 2 '7 2 3 5 4 8 5 4 5 Married, no dependents 20 16 26 22 26 14 21 16 27 21 15 Married, with dependents 41 47 25 7 28 63 42 40 25 42 27 Enrollment status: Fu 11.time 44 49 33 68 49 32 41- 43 49 41 15 Part-time' 54 51 67 32 51 68 59 57 51 59 25 Control of institution: Public 62 61 65 59 64 61 62- 41 70 62" 66 Private 38 39 35 41 36 39 38 59 30 38 34 Type of institution: Universities 74 78 64 78 76 71 22 73 BO 13 94 All other 26 22 36 22 24. 29 28 27. 20 .27 6 Size of graduate enrollment;

2,000 or more 47 49 44 52 50 43 47 35 61 46 57 Less than 2,000. 53 51 56 AB 50 57 65 39 54 43

Includes U.S. citizens only. ,-

NOTE. Because at rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. impartment at Health; Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "The Academic and Finaenis I Status at Graduate Students, Swing /965,"

82
Table 97.Socieeconemic background of graduate students. by sex: United States. spring 1965

Background characteristic

All students Sex Background chaiacleristic

All students Se: Men Women Men Women

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 1 Number of students 477,535 335,227 142,308 Number of students 417,515 335,227 142.308

. . Permit Percent Total

father's income (per mown):

100.......:1....Oft100 Total

father's education: HO 100 100 Less than $5,000 29 30 28 Did not complete grade school ..... .... 13 13 It

$5,000 to $7,499 21 . 28 24 Completed grade school but not high school.. 28 28 26 97,500 to 59,999 16 16 14 Completed high school but no college 23 24 23 $10,000 to $14,999.. 12 12 12 One but less than 4 years of college ..... 12 12 13 SI MOO to $19.999 . 4 3 5 Completed college 12 12 13 $20,000 and over 4 4 6 Obtained master's degree 4 4 4 Do not know,.

father's oc.upation: 8 6 12 Obtained Ph.D. or other Mother's education: 8 7 10 Laborer s 6 5 Did not complete grade school 9 9 a Service worker -4 4 3 Completed amdeschoul buf nal high school,. 27 27 2S Semiskilled operative 7 8 6 completed high school but no ,.:ollege 34 35 32 soiled craftsman 1$ 19 IS One bul less than 4 years of collage... 16 15 18 Farm operator 8 7 8 Completed 4404114 11 10 12 Proprietor or manager 18 17 - )9 Obtained master's degree 3 2 3 Semiprofessional 15 15 16 Obtained Ph.D. or other 1 1 1 Prolessional (except educatoe)... ....... 19 19 21 ,.. Teacher or other educator 5 5 5 1 . NOTE. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of lielith, Education, and Welfare, Difice of Education. "The Academic and Financial 513105 01 Oraduale Students. Spring 1965.".

Table 98.Stipend status of graduate students: United States, spring 1965

_ Profile variables Total Stipend status Total Stipend status Field

stipends ___

Did not hold

stipends

1

I Profile variables Held

stipends Did nal hold

stipends Number Percent Peron! Percent Number Percent Percent Percent 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 a s

. . All sludents.. 477,535 100 43 57 AtI students 477,535

......,,,.. 100 ...--......_43 57

.......... Sex: Marital statusContinued Men 335,227 100 48 51 Single, wilts dependents 11.132 106 38 62 Women 1,12,p8 100 37 63 Married, on dependents 96,199 100 45 55 Age: married, with dependents 194,977 100 35 65 23 and under 68,663' 100 54 46 Enrollment status: 24 to 28 . 191,688 100 51 49 Full.lime 210,130 100 66 44 29 and over 217,183 100 34 66 Patl-time 267,404 100 26 74 Race:, . . Control of institution: White . 425,323 100 41 59 Public 296,032 100 43 57 Negro 12,141' 100 44 56 Privets , 181.503 100 44 56 Oilier (chiefly Oriental) 4,022 100 42 -58 Type of institution:

Citizenship: Universities 354.078 100 52 48 United Stales 441,487 100 41 59 All other 123,457 100 18 82 Other 36,048 100 70 30 Size of graduate enrollment:

Marital status: 2.000 or more 225,524 100 52 48 Single, no dependents 168,225 (00 53 . 47 Less than 2.000 252,010 100 36 " 64

Includes U.S. citizens only.

NOTS.Because of rounding, detait may not add to louts.

SOURCE: U.S.'Department of Health. Education, and Welfare, Offiee of Eder stion, "The Academic and Financial Status of Graduate Students, Spring 1965,"
Table 99. Number of 2.year institutiuns of higher education and enrollment.

by control of institution and by sex: United States, fall 1947 to fall 1970

Year Humber of institutions Total enroitment Enrollment by controlof institution

Enrollment by sex Total Public Prima le Public Prima le Men Women

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 9

1947 480 250 230 222.045 163.005 59.040 152,003 70,042

1948 492 257 235 210,977 153.970 57,007 139,630 71,347

1949 518 275 243 229,001 170.689 58.312 151301 77.810

1950 528 299 229 217.403 167.874 49.529 139,668 77.535

1951 511 . 294 217 199.997 156,239 43.758 120,801 79,196 ,i 1952 525 299 225 238,222 191.602 46.620 142.459 95,763

1953 518 293 225 258,241 210,006 48,235 155,806 102.435

1954 474 277 197 282.433 241.145 41,288 171,752 110,681 1955 467 275 192 308,411 265.326 43,085 196,671 111.740

1956 '482 278 204 347,345 297.621 49,724 225.635 121,710

1957 490 243 207 368,998 315.990 53.008 237.617 131,341 1958.....,, , 495 290 205 385,436 330,881 54.555 247,942 137.494 1950 508 310 198 409.195 355.967 53,228 259,504 149.691

1960 521 315 206 451,333 192.310 59.023 282.155 169,178 - 2961 524 329 195 517,925 456.381 61,544 320,156 197,769

1962 561 349 212 589.529 514.257 70.272 365,624 223,905

1963 573 357 216 624.789 551,308 73.481 386.660 238,129

1964 617 389 228 710,868 620,859 90.009 439,509 271,359

1965 633 399 234 841.437 737.890 103.547 521.846 319.591

19661 700 450 250 945,000 840,000 105,000 577,000 368,000

19671 735 495 240 1,075.000 966,000 109.000 653,000 422,000

1968 402 548 254 1,289,993 1,169,635 120.358 782,602 507,391

1969 813 577 236 1,528.429 1,412,610 115.819 910,631 617,798

1970 827 603 224 . 1,629.982 1.519,762 110,220 953.961 676,021

Estimated. The Iota number ot 2-year Inslitutions, including those offering non - degree - credit programs exclusively. was 752 in 1966 and 746 in 1967. NOTE.Beginning in 1960, data are for 50 Slates and the District of Columbia; data for earlier years are for 48 Slates

and the Dislricl of Columbia. Beginning in 1953, enrollment figures include resident and extension degree-credil

students: dale nu earlier years exclude extension 'Indents.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Office of Education, circulars on "Fall Enrollment in

Higher Education."

Table 100. Engineering enrollment in institutions of higher education, by loyal:

United States and outlying areas, fall 1949 to fall 1971

Fall Total

engineering enrollment

Level of enrollment..for: Fall Total engineering enrollmentLevel of enrollment, or First engineering

degree Master's

degree 3 Doctor's degree First enLineeries degree

Mister's

degree'

- Dodoes

degree

1 2 3 4 5 I 2 3 4 5

1949 219,712 201,927 15,242 2,543 1659 278.348 242.992 29,713 5,643

1950 180.262 161,592 15,469 2,801 1960 271,850 234,190 31,215 6,445

1951 165,637 145.997 16,765 2,876 1961 272,777 232,104 32.804 7,859 1952,- 176,549 .156,080 17.539 2,930 1962 275,329 230,730 . 35,359 9,240

1953 193.333 171,725 18,607 3,001 1963 241.452 232,001 38,457 10,994. 1954 214,414 193.692 17.441,,_ 3.281 1964 . 299,388 244.607 42,159 12,622

1955 243,390 221,448 18,779 3,163 1965 311,567 253,412 44.208 1,,47

1956- 277.052 251,121 22,529 3,402 1969 321,471 254,514 47,087 19,870

1957 297,077 268,761 24,136 4,180 , 1970 r 318,995 250,175 49.069 19,751

1958 289,680 256,779 28,138 4.763 1971 292,854 229,047 45,097 18,710

'Also includes enrollment for olher postgraduate predocto al degrees,

full-liine and part-time degreecredit students.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Office of Education. "Engineering Degrees (1964.65) and Enrollments (Fall 1965)"; and Engineering Manpower

Commission of Engineers Joint Council, "Engineering and Technology Enrollments. Fall 1971." .
Table M.Fatuity, students, and degrees conferred in inatitutions attended predominantly

by Negro students: United States, 1963-64

Item Total

Universities, colleges, and

preess%nal schools 'Embers

colleges,

Junior coke& - Public t*:, ate Public Private

1 2 3 - 4 5 6 Member of institutions 107

. 20 44 12 15 it

, Faculty, different persons 9,968 3.858 4.316 1.109 474 211 Men 6,209 2,394 2,791 622 284 118 Women 3,759 1.464 1,525 487 . 190 93 Resident degrekredit enrollment 105,495-- 45,838 38,558 14,902 4,273 1,924 Men 47.155 21.165 17,870 5,498 1.831. 791 Women 58,340 24,613 20.688 9.404 2.442 1.133 Undergraduate and first professional.. 101.353 43,203 37.162 14.791 4,273 1.924 Men 45,384 20,207 17,093 5.462 1.831 791 Women 55 969 a

22 996, 20.069 9,329 2,442 1,133 First time in nny college 30,026 12,20! .

10,345 4,337 2,178 964 Men 13,297 5.812 4,459 1.659 951 416 Women t6,729 6,390 5.886 2,678 1,227 54P

. , Graduate 4.142 2.635 1.396 . ill ... Men 1,771 958 777 36 ... Women 2.371 1,677 619 75 ___ ... Extension degree-credit enrollment ,. 1,946 1,762 134 50 ... ... Enrollment In terminal-occupational education

tamed degrees conferred-.

1 , 588 454 453

. 284 283- 114 Bachelor's and first professional 14.058 5,611 5.908 2,539 ___ Morn 5,667 2,414 2.439 814 Women 8,391 3,197 3,469 1,725 - Master's, except first polessional 1,450 1,019 378 53 ... ... Men 651 397 ' 231 23 Women 799 622 147 30 Doctor's 7 I 6 0 --. -.. Men . 5 1 4 0 Women 2 0 2 0 ... 3 Includes community colleges, technicsl institutes, normal schools, and other educational institutions restricted to less than

4 years of mak on the undergraduate or terminal - occupational level.

All pubfirly controlled.

710TE.Data on faculty are for the first term of the academic year; on students, for fall 1363: and on degrees, for the 12-

month period ending June 30, 1964.

- SOURCE: U.S, Department of Health, Education. and Welfare, Oflice of Education, "Faculty and Other Professional Staff in

Institutions of Higher Education, First Term 1963-64"; "Resident and Extension Enregment in Institutions of Higher Education,

Fall 1953"; and "Earned Degrees Confeued, 1963-6V85
Table 102...-111sIctical sununaty of faculty, students, degrees, and finances In

institutions of higher education: United States, 116540 to 1968.69

Vern 1869-70 187940 I 1889.90

1

/..." 2 3 1. 4

Total

Total Men Women

Total Men Women

Bachelor's and first.

professional: Total Men Women Second level (master's except first-professional):

Total Men Women Doctor's: Total Men Women

Total current income Educational and general

income Totolcurrentexpenditures

Educational and general

expenditures

Value of physica I property_ Endowment and oilier nonsupendable funds._

563 1 811 1

15,553 I 11.522 04,887 17.328

7666 '4,194

/52,286

/41,160

711.126

77,972 137,845

9.371 12,696 7.993

1,378

0

10,411 2,485,

879 0 868

1 54

1 51 0 3

1899.1900 1909-10 1919-20 1929-30 1939.40 1949-50 1969-60 1963-64 1968-69

S 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13

In dilution B

9981 977 I 951 1,041 1 1,409 1.7051 1,851 Faculty1

/15,809 23,868 36.4801 411615 82,385 146,929 246.722

012.704 73.105

19,151 4,717'

29,132

.7,348

35.907

12,8011 60,01722,369

106,328

10,601 186,119

60,533

Resident degree credit enrollment' 156.756 237,5921 597.880 1.100,737 ,431,2031 2.659,021

/100,453

/56.303

152,254 85,338

314,938

282,942

619,939

480,802

893,250

600,953

1853,068

1415.953 Earneddenoes conferred

15.539 27,410 37,199 48,622 122,484 186.500 432.051

12.857 2.68222,173

5,237 28.762 8.437

31.980

16.642

73.615 48,869109.546

76,954 328,841

103,217

1,015 1583 2.113 4.279 14,961 26,731 58,183

121

194 1.230 303

1.555 558 2,985

1.294

0 .925 6,044

16,508 10,223,

41,220

16.913

149 382 443 615 2,299 3.290 6,42.0

147

2 35923, 522 93

1.945

353

2.861 429

5,804 616 Flaantes (in thousands of dollars)

1 2108 2,132 2.483

380.554 494,514

0296,773

I 83.781 385,405

*109,109

1758900

591.300 0167.40Z

73,215.544 14,234.092 06,928.115

12,079,788

01,135,756

'2,622.787

1 1.1.11,305 41119,002

*2.804.113

392,440 498,654 764,185

254,063

138,377

238,046

200,608

444.380

319,805

74,435 101,050 50,898 23,537

68,969

32.081 9,829 14,490

193.756

121,531 72,225

8.101

1,028

12,955

1,535

26,188

22,752

3,436

(13

(1)

('3

(,)

('7

(1)

(1)

(0)

(0)

(1) (1) 176,883 $199,922 $554,511 1715,211 $2,374.645 $5,785,537 59,543,514

$21,454 $35,084 67,917 172.529 433,065 571,288 1.833,845 4,688.352 7.788,446

(') (') (') (I) 507,142 674,688 2,245,661 5,601,376 9,177.677

(I) (1) (1) 377,903 521.990 1,706,444 $.51320. 7,43,663

95,426 253,599 460,532 741,333 23)653350 02,753,780 4,799,964 13,448,548 21,279,346

74,711 194,998 323,661 569,031 1,512,023 1,764,604 2,144,323 5,571.121 7.295,312

'Total number of different individuals not reduced la full.time equivalent). Estimalod. 1 Data for Oral term of the ecedemle year.

*Unless otherwise indicated, includes students enrolled et any time daring the

academic year.

'Data for fall 1163.

Opecing lad enrollment Includes redden' cad extension degree-credit students.

'Dab not available.

Includes uonmead4r1 plant funds.

86

618.874.601

14,329.929

18,4111583 13.134,919

(1)

NOTE,-Beginning in 1959-60, includes Als.lta and Hawaii.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health. Edecatioo, and Welfare. Office of Education,

*Biennial Survey of Education in the United States"; "Faculty and Other Professional Staff in Institutions of Higher tducation"; 'llomprehonsive Report on Enrollmeld in Higher Education"; "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1968";

"Earned Degrees Cenferted; end "financial Statistics of tmlittions of ,Higher Education."
Table 103.-Estimated full-time and part-Ume resident instructional staff in institutions

of higher education, by academic rank: United States, fall 1960 to 1972

(In thousands)

Fall of- Total resident

instructional staff

Instructor or above Junior instructional staff Total Fell-time

. Part-time Total Full-time. Part-lime

1 2' 3 4 5 6 7 8

1960 276 '236 154 82 40 8 32

1961 292 248 162 86 44 9 35

1962 312 26$ 173 92 47 10 37

1963 331 281 184 97 $0 10 40

1964 367 307 212 95 60 12 48

1965 412 339 248 91

1 73 15 58 1966 44$ 361 , 278 83 14 17 67

1967 484 389- 299 90 .95 14 81 1968 523 427 331 95 96 16 80

1969 0 551 449 350 99 102 17 8$

1978 585 477 372 105 108 18 99

1971 603 492 384 108 111 19 92

1972 - 620 506 395 111 114 19 95 NOTE-Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Wearied of Health, Education, and Welfare. Office of Education. circulars on "Faculty and Other Professional

Staff in Institutions of Higher Education; Numbers and Characteristics of Employees in lastitutions of Higher Education":

and "Teaching and Research Staff by Academic Field in Institutions of Nigher Education, Fall 1968."

Table 104.-.4Full-time and pan-time teaching and research staff in institutions of higher education",, _ by academic rank and field: United Slates and outlying areas, fall 196$

Academic field Resident Instruction and departmental research stall Organized research staff

Total Senior Junior Senior . Junior Falltime Parttime

Fulltime Parttime

. Total

Fulllime Partlime Fulltime . Partlime

I . 2 3 4 5 6_ 7

_J 8 9 10 11 All Raids 526,234 333,976 96.064 15,998 88.196 69.150 31,293 4,776 9,309 24,475

Apicalhire 4.172 3,123 360 105 584 7,160 3,865 192 631 2,472 Architecture 2,360 1,663 509 8 180 61 23 11 7 20 Biological sciences' 29,487 . 19,011 3,453 11604 5,419 9,112 3,635 425 1,882 3,170 Business and commerce 29,720 17,845 7,480 $18 3,877 715 251 8$ 43 336 City planning 787. 412 163 29 183 161 60 33 18 50

. . Communications 9,932 6,470 2,343 265 854 361 43 1S 164 139 Computer sciences 8,454 4,071 2,685 489 1,009 2,756 1,237 154 511 854 Education 52,187 37,099 8,538 1,066 5,484 3,115r 662 141 959 1,353

Engineering 27.351 16.972 2,820 1,600 5,959 12,080 5,766 247 1,430 4,637 English 41,133 28,770 4,961 1,092 6,310 459 72 15 98 274 Fine and applied arts 43,672 29.381 8,097 849 5.345 261 130 20 10 101 Foreign languages

Forestry

29,593

785

19,100 582

3,704S2 791

23 5,998

128

321 77291 277 38

15

37

57 15$423 Geography 3,920 2,538 250 119 994 156 -27 - 6 10 113 Health professions- 52,437 25.328 21,508 . 2,578 3,013. 10,149 5,635 2,675 1,109 739 Home economics , 5,421 3,639 988 123 671 677 242 23 67 345 Law 3,729 . 2,504 956 . 60 209 106 48 . 6 26 26 Library science 2,466 1,198 372 105 391 121 18 8 29 66 Mathematics 29,549 18,909 4,220 612 5,808 1,808 1,041 78 180 509 Military sciences........ ........ 2,740 2,354 41 294 - 51 0 0 0 . 0 0

. . Philosophy 1,344 5,368 - 117 82 1.117 98 20 6 0 72 Physical sciences 43,250 24,924 3,676 1.893 12,657 14,708 5,781 232 1,483 6,192

Psychology 16,808 9,611 3,376 376 3,445 1,917 482 150 222 1,133 Religion 8,540 6,333 1,735 82 -390 36 11 14 5 6 . Social sciences $9,548 39,249 9,486 1,021 9,792 2.677 847 - 167 340 1,223 Technologies 10,849 7,192 3,114 , 215 418 93

. 26 0 0 67

. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education. *leeching and Research Stall by Academic Field in Institutions of Higher Education, Fall 1968."

87

h
Selected Characteristics of

recent report from the American Council cn

Education contains a great deal of information not

previously available on the demographic character.

istics, professional backgrounds, and academic activities of college and university faculty members.

The report indicates that the typical member of a

college faculty is likely to be white, Protestant, and

a native.born American citizen. He worked as a

teaching or research assistant while attending grad.

uate school, and his graduate program required

several years for completion.

About 45 percent of college faculty members

hold a doctor's degree, and an additional 14 percent have earned a professional degree, such as

M.D., D.D.S or LL.B. The academic rank most

frequently held is assistant professor (28 percent

of the respondents), but there are also substantial

numbers of full professors (22 percent), associate

professors (21 percent), and instructors (20 perCollege Faculty Members

cent). Considering their impressive academic credentials, college faculty members are a relatively

youth:JI group. One-third of them are between 31

and 40 years of age, and more than one-fourth are

still in their forties. (See the accompanying chart.)

Fifty-two percent of the faculty members teach

nine or more hours of classes per week: 48 percent

teach eight hours or less. Fifty-two percent teach

undertaduates exclusively; 32 percent, undergrad.

uate and graduate students; 11 percent, graduate

students exclusively: and the remainder were not

teaching at the time of the survey. Most of the

faculty teach between 25 and 250 students in all

of their classes combined, with 50 to 100 students

being the most frequent teaching load reported.

Three-fourths of the respondents are more interested in classroom teaching than in research.

W, VANCE GRANT,

specialist in educational statistics

Master's (except

professional) 34.5%

88
Table 105.-Demographic and background characteristics of college faculty members, by type of institution

and by sex: United States, spring 1969

(Percentage distribulion]

Item

All inslitutions Universilies

. . Foir-year colleges

. - Tim-your colleges*

Total Men Women Total

P Men Women Total

. . Men Women Total Men Women

1 2 3 4 5 , 6 7 a

1 9 10 It 12 13 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 Io :i 100.0 100.0

. too.0 tom 100.0 100.0 too* 100.0 Age:

Over 60 (born before 1909) 7.7 7.3 9.3 7.4 7.2 8.6 8.5 7.9 10.4 6.6 6.2 8.0

5140 (born 1909-1918) 15-7 15.t 18,5 15,7 15.1 19.4 15.6 15.0 37.7 16.1 15.2 18.5 41.50 (born 1919.1928) 26.7 26.7' 26.6 27.1 27.3 25.8 25.7 . 25.6 26.4 28.0 27.6 29.0 36-40 (born 1929.1933) 16.5 -17.3 13.0 17.3 18.3 11.7 15.9 16.4 14.5 14.6 15.5 122

3135 (born 1934.1938) 17.4 18.5 12.8 17,8 18.6 13.3 17.1 18.4 12.8 16.6 18,3 11.9 30 or less (born after 1938) 16.0 15,0 19.7 14.6 13.4 21.1 17.0 '16.7 18.1 18.0 17.2 20.3 Race: 1 White 96.3 96.6 94.7 97.7 97.7 97.7 93.5 94.2 91.3 98.4 99.1 96.7 Black 2.2 1.8 3.9 0.5 0.4 1.0 5A 4.2 7.4 .7 .5 1.4 Oriental 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.6 1.6 1.0 1.2 12 ; .9 .5 .2 1.4 Other, .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .4 .4 .3 .3 .2 .5 . Citizenship:

. Not U.S. citizen 3.8 4.0 2.0 4.8 5.1 3.1 3.3 3,3 3.2 .9 .8 1.3 U.S. citizen, naturalized 5.3 5.5 4.6 5.6 5.6' 5.3 5.6 5.8 4.9 3.8 4.3 2.2 US. citizeknative 90.9 90.5 92.6 89.6 89.2 91.6 91.1 90.9 91,9 95.3 94.8 96.5 Father's educalionat attainment a .. Eighth made or less .29.1 30.0 25.6 26.1 26.9 21.9 30.5 31.5 26.7 37.1 39.4 30.5 Some high school 14.3 14.4 133 13.5 13.6 13.3 - 15.0 15.4 13.6 15.1 152 15.0 Completed high school 11.5 17.5 '17.4 17.3 172 17.7 17-1 17.4 16.0 19.3 .19.1 20,1 Some college 12.4 13.7 13.1 12.9 142 12.2 12.2 12.3 12.1 10.8 15,9 College graduate - . _121

9.7 9.6 10.0 11.0 10.9 11,7 9.0 8.7 10.1 6.5 6,7 5,8

Some graduate school 5.4 5.0 7.1 5.8 5.5 7,5 5.6 4.9 7.8 3.2 2.7 .4.5

Advanced degree 11.4 11.1 12.6 13.1 13,0 13.8 10.7 9.9 13.3 6.6 6.1 8.2 Religious background: Protestant 64.1 63.9 65.4 67.6 66.8 72.2 59.4 59.3 59.7 64.3 64A 64,1 Catholic 16.9 15.9 21.3 13,0 12.7 14.8 19.9 18.6 24.3 23.4 -21.8 282

Jewish 9.7 10.4 6.7 10.1 103 6.2 11.5 -12.3 - 83 -3.3 3.7 22 Other 3.3 .3.4 2.7 3.3 3.4 2.6 3.2 3.3 2.9 3.6 3.8 2,8 None 3.2 3.3 2.6' 3.7 3.7 33 2.9 3.1 2.5. 22 2.4 1.4 No answer 2.7 3.0 1.2 2.3 2.6 .9 3.0 3.4 1.6 3.1 3.8 1.3 Current religion: Prolestanl 47.9 47.1 . 51.4 489 47.8 55.8 45.1' 44.6 '46,7 52.0 51.4' 53.5 Catholic 13.5 32.2 192' 4.6 9.2 12.2 16.4 14.7 22.4 20.1. 17.8 26.8

Jewish 7.0 7.3 5.4 6.9 7.3 4.9 8.6 9.0 1.5 2.4 2.6 1.6 Other 5.9 6.1 5.2 6.0 6.2 '5.1 5.6 5.7 5.1 6.8 7.1 5.9 None 20,7 21.9 15.6 23,7 24,6 18.8 19.0 20.2 15.0 131 15.0 10.1 No answer 4.9 5.4 3.1 4.7 4.9 3.4 5.3 5.8 3.3 5.0 60 22 Marital status: Currently married 79.3 87.0 47.4 832 89.4 48.1 74.9 83,7 45.6 76.7 86.0 50.3 Divorced, separated, widowed 4.8 3.0 12.4 4.1 2.7 12.1 5.7 3.5 12.9 5.2 2.8 122 Never married . 15.9 10.0 40.1 12.7 7.9 . 39.8 19.4 12.8 41.5 18.1 112 37.5 Number of children: . None 36.1 29.3 65.3 32.3 26.2 67.3 40.6 33.7 64.8 38.0 29.7 .61.9 One 15.9 16.7 12.3 15.7 16.4 12.0 16.0 16.9 I2,8 16.3 IBS . 11.5 Two 23.7 26.3 12.9 25.4 272 12.0 22.0 24.3 13.8 22.5 25.9 12.7 Three or MOO 24.3 27.7 9.6 26.6 29.7 8.7 21.4 . 25.1 8.6 23.1 26.3 13.9 NOTE. -Data are based upon a sample survey by The Carnegie Commission on the Plum of Higher Education and the American Council on Education. Because of rounding,

percentages may not add to 100.0.

SOURCE: American Councilor, Education. Research Report Vol. 5. No. 5, "Col ego and University Faculty: A Statistical Description," June 1970.

89
Table 106.-Professienal background and acadornicactivity of college (acuity members,

. . by type of institution and by sex: United States, spring 1969

IPer;*Antage distribution) ,.

Item . All Institutions Universilies Four.year colleges Two-year colleges

Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Total.. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 moll- imo 100.0 two 100.0 1000 100.0

. Highest degree held: - Bachelor's or less 6.7 6.3 8.6 4.5 4.2 6.2 6.2 5.8 7.3 17.1' 17.2 16.9 Master's (except professional) 34.5 . 30.1 53.3 229 18.3 48.9 40.2 36.9 51.5 64.2 63.0 67.7 Professional (except medical) 8.8 8.1 18.9 7.4 6.5 12.8 9.9 9.6 11.0 11.2 10.9 11.9 Medical degree....... 4.9 5.6 IA 8.8 9.7 3.6 .9 LO .4 .8 '.8 1.1 . Ph.D. or Ed.D.. * 4IA 46.1 21.7 52.7 RS 25.5 38.6 42.2 26,0 5.1 6.1 2.2 Other doctorate

. 3.6 3.8 2.8 3.6, 3.8 2.8 4.2

, 4.3 31 1.6 2.1 0.3 Years elapsed between B.A. and highest

degree: . No higher degree held or no answer 13.0 12.4 15.6 10,0 9.5 . 12.9 13.8 13.3 15.2 22.4 22.4 226

1.2 years 13.2 11.6 19.6 9.4 7.6 19.7 14.9 14.1 17.7 22.7 22.2 24.2 3-4 years 19.2 20.1- 15.0 22.4 23.4 16.8 15,5 16.1 13.4 16.9 17.5 15.0 5.7 years 21,5 23.1 15.0 25.1 26.8 15.6 19.1 20.0 15.9 14.6 15.8 11.I 8-10 years 14.3 15.0 11.2 15.0 15.7 10.8 15.0 15.7 12.8 9.6 10.1 8.1

II or more years 98.8 11.8 23.6 . 15.0- 17.0 24,1 71.7 20.7 25.0 13.8 12.0 19.1

. . 4

Percentage checking that during graduate

school: .

.

. Was a teaching assistant 53.0 55.8 41.3 61.2 63.3 49.1 50,2 53.3 39.7 28.6 29.1 27.3 Was a research assistant 34.6 38.2 18.9 45,0 45.5 24,6 28.3 31.0 18.8 11,2 12.9 6.3 Was awarded fellowship over $1,000 48.2 49.7 41.8 55.2 56.2 50.0 46.4 47.9 41.0 25.2 25.4 24,4

Had faculty "sponsor for job 36.1 38.1 27.7 44.1 46.2 32.2 30.8 32.0 26.6 19.3 19.1 20.0 Year highest degree received: Before 1939 6,5 1.8- 5.5 4.8 7.D 5,9 6,5 7.0 5.4 5.3 5.4 4.8

1939.1948 9.3 8.9 10.9 30.4 10.3 11.0 8.4 7.6 112 7.3 6.4 10,0

194949511.- 25.5 26.4 22.0 27.0 27.0 22.3 23.2 : 23.5 222 26,5 28.5 20.8 1959 or since 58.6 57.9 61.6 55.7 51.8 60.0 61.8 62.0 61.2 60.9 59.7 64.4

- Major field of postgraduate degree:

. Business, commerce, and management ... - . 3.8 4.2 2.5 3,3 3.7 1.4

. 4.0 4.7 1.6 5.4 4.7 7.2 Education (including physical education) 10.9 0.6' 16.1 8.5 '7.3 15.4 11.9 10.6 16,6 17.0 17.2 16.5 Biological sciences (including agricullure).. - 7.7 8.6 4.0 10.8 11.8 5.1 4.7 5.1 3.4' 4.1 4.3 3.3 Physical sciences (including mathematics}, 11.1 12.6 5.0 11.2 12.4 4.0 12.1 13.8 6,1 8.3 9.5 4.8 Engineering (including architeclure) 6.2 7.7 .3 8.2 9,5 .4 5,0 6.1 .2 2.4 3.2 .1 Social sciences (including psychology and

geography).. 11.3 12.1 7.6 124 13.0 7.3 111 12.4 4.1 6.9 7,6 4.8

fine arts 6.3 6.0 7.6 5.1 1.8 63 8.0 7,7 9.1 6.5 6.8 5.7 Humanities 16.4 15.4 20.6 13.3 12.5 17.4 20.6 *19.6 23.9 15.3 15.2 19.6 Health lields 5.2 4.9 6.7 9.0 8.5 11.8 L3 .9 2.7 1.8 . .6 5.2 Other professions (including social work. -

law, journalism, library science) 3.2 2.9 4.5 3.8 3.3 6.9 2.8 2.6 3.5 1.9 2,0 1.7 All other fields (including home economics,

imiustriaituts) 1.7 LI 4.6 2.1 .9 8.6 - IA 1:1 2.4 116 1.7 13

None, no postgraduate degree (including no

answer).. 15,0 -15,0 203 12.6 12,1 14.9 15.4 150 21.3 27.8 27.1 29.9 Present rank: Professor 21.6 24,5 9A 27.2 30.1 9.9 19.6 22.0 11.2 62 ' 7.1 3.6 Associate professor 20.7 21.9 15.7 22.5 23.8 15.1 21.9 23.3 17.1 101 10.1 13.4 Assistant professor :28.3 28,2 28.7 29.6 29,4 30,7 31.0 30.8 31.6 153 15.2 17,0

Instructor 19.9 16.3 34.8 15,1 35.7 19,0 15,8 29.6 40.5 38.7 45.6 Lecturer.. ., 3,6 3.3 4.6 2.9

,11.5

2,7 4,0 5.5 5,2 6.5 .9 .8 1.3 No ranks designated 3.4 3.4 '3,3 .3 .3 .3 1.4 IA 1.4' 20.9 23,1 14.6 Other 2,5 2.3 3.5 2,5 2.2 4,2 1.7 1,4 2.5 4.9 5.0 4.6 Typo( appointment: , Regular with tenure 46.7 48,8 37.5 49.6 52.3 34.7 43.0 44.3 38.4 45.7 472 41.5 Regular without tenure 48.8 46.7 57.6 45.9 43.3 60.5 519 $0.8 554 51.3 49.5 563 Acting. 21 1.1 2.9 1.9 1.8 2.5 2.1 2.0 3.7 2.1 2.1 2.0 Visiting 2.4 2.5 2.0 2.6 26 2.3 2.7 2.8 2.4 .9 LI 2

Basic salary for liademis year: i

Below $1.000 8.3 6.2 17.0' 7.0 5.3 16.2 8.7 6.0 17.8 12.4 10.9 16.6 $7.000.99.999 26.4 21,7 45.5 17.0 13.1 38.8 34.3 30.0 48.8 40,2 35.7 '52.7

810.000411,999 20,0 20.6 17,6 183 17.9 20.1 22.2 24.1 , 15.7 20.1 22.2 15.4 812.000413.999 16.0 87.4 9.9 87.8 18.1 11.3 14.3 15.9 8.8 16.4 18.8 9,8

884.000486.999.,. 13.7 15.5 6.1 16.9 18.6 7.4 10.9 12.5 5,5 8.9 10.5 4.6

817.600411.599 7.7 9.1 2.0 11.3 12.7 3.2 5.3 6.3 1.8 .9 12 '.1 $20.000.824,999 5.3 6.3 12 :8.2 9.3 2.0 3.0 31 1.0 ..3 .4 .1 825,000 and over 2.6 3.1 .5 0 4.2 4.9 .3 1.2 1.5 .6 ,3 .2 .7 Salary basis:

9 /10 months 65.8 65.1 68.7 58.7 58.0 62.5 70.8 70.9 70.4 79.1 79.4 78.2 11 /12 months 34.2 34,9 31.2,, .40 42.0 , 37.5 29.2 29.1 29.6 20.9 20.6 21.8 - go
ti - Table 2060.-Professional background and academii activity of college faculty members,

by type of institution and by sex; United States, spring 1969-Continued

'Percentage distribution?.

Item

All institutions' Universities Feu -year col egos

- ...-- Two-year colieges Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 -13 Teaching responsIbRities: . _ Entirely undergraduate 52.1 48.2 68.6 27.8 24.3 48.1 69.3 67.5 75.5 96,0 96.0 95.2 Some undergraduate, some graduate 32.1 35.1 19.6 47.0 493 31.8 23.2 25.1 16.6 .9 1.0 .8 Entirety graduate 11.3 12,3 6.8 192 20.2 13.2 4.6 4.8 4.0 .0 .0 .0 Not Inciting This year 4.5 4.4 4.9 6.0. 5.9 6.9 3.0 2.7 3.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 Percentage using teaching methods inmost / some 0041111: Term papers 53.5 51.5 62.1. 45.2 43.4 560 63.9 62.6 68A 56.0 54.7 60.0 Frequent quizzes 60.7 58.7 69.4 48.6 47.0 68.4 68.4 67.3 72.5 84.7 84,5 85.2 Teaching assistants 20_7 22.2 13.6 30.5 31.8 22.4 12.2 13.1 8.8 2.2 1,8 3.3 Closed-circuit television 7.1 6.8 . 7.9 60 5.7 8.1 8.4 .. 8.5 7.9 7.7 7.7 72 Machineaided instruction 14.8 14.0 18.3 11.3 10.7 15.1 15.3 152 15.8 27.2 25,9 31,1 Number class hoots pet week: -- - Nene 7.9 7.6 7.9 11.5 '11.5 11.4 4.4 4.0 5.8 3.5 3.3 4.1 14 '15.1 16.2 11.9 21.0 22.0 15.4 10.8 10.8 10.8 7.2 7.3 7.0 54 25.0 26.8 17.1 32.6 . 34.3 22.8 20.6 21.8 16.6 8.8 8.7 ° 92

942 29.1 28.3 32.8 22.8 21.7 29.4 42.1 42.5 40.4 17.6' 16.2 21.7 13 or more 22.5 20.7 29.9 12.1 10,5 21.0 22,2 21.0 26.4 62.7 44.4 - 58A

Total students in classes: ... Nene (including no answer) - 6.2 6.3 6.2 8.8 8.8 8.7 3.8 3.4. 4.8 3.4 3.3 3.9 Under 25 195 . 19.7 18.5 . 24.0 24.6 20.1 15.8 15.0 18.6 123 123. 14.5 25-49 22.0 21.8 22.7 22.5 22A 23.5 23.1 23.1 23.2 16.7 15.6 19.8 50-99 28.6 28.3 29.9 24.6 24.4 26.3 33.7 342 32.2 29,5 .28.5 32.6

100-249 20.6 20.6 20.6 16.5 16.2 18.6 22.1 19.8 33.3 35.5 26.5 250 or more

, 33 3.3 2.1 3.5 3.6 2.8

.21.5 2.0 22 1.4 4.4 5.0 2.5 Teachingresearch Interests: . Heavily In research 4.1 4.6 1.8 6.3 6.9 3.0 2.2 2.5 1.2, .7 .9 .3 Both, lean toward research.- . 19.8 22.3, 8.9 28.9 31.9 12.1 12.9 14.3 8.2 33 3.1 3.8 Both, lean toward leaching 34.4 35.8 28.6 37.2 382 31.3 36,0 37.6 30.5 19.3 193 17.9 Heavily in leaching 41.8 37.2 60.8 27.5 23.0 53.5 48.8 45.5 60,1 76.2 75,6 78.1 Number of professional articlei published : ,-- None (including no answer) 43.6 39.0 63.2 29.5 25.2 54.3 51.1 472 64.5 76.3 75.1 .79.9

1.4 29.4 30.1 -26.4 29.7 29,7 293 32.2 33.7 26.7 20.5 21.5 17.8 5-10 10.5 11.6 5.8 14.1 15.2 7.8 8,5 9.4 5.5 2.1 2.1 1.9

11 -20 .6.8 1.8 2.5 10.3 . 114 42 4.3 5.0 1.9 A. .3 .2 21 or more . 9.7 11.4 22 163 18,5 3.8 3,9 4.6 1.4 .4 .5 .1 Personal career rating: 4

Very successful 24.4 24.4 24.1 26.3. 26.8 23.4 21.0 20.9 21.5 26.4 24.6 31.8 Fairly successful 69.3 69.0 702 67.8 67.2 71.4 71.6 714 12.5 68.0 70.2 61.9 Fairly or very unsuccessful 6.3 6.5 5.7 5.9 6.0 52 7.3 7.7 . 6.0 5.5 52 6.3 NOTE.Data are based upon a sample survey by the Carnegie Comm scion on the Future of Higher (decagon and the ATMs an Council on Education. Because of tauadiay

percentages may net add to 100,0. _ SOURCE: American Councilors Education, Research Report Vol. 5, No. 5, "College and University Faculty: A Statistical Description," June 1970.

91
Table 107.-Average salaries of faculty members in institutions of higher education, by type of institution,

length of contract, and academic rank: United States, 196647 and 196748

. . - Academic rack Universities, Other 4-year institutions 1966.67 1967.68 Percent

Increase

1966-67 1967.68 Percent

increase

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9-10month contracts Academicdeans $19.753 $21,299 7.9 $13.777 $14.954 8.5 Professors 5,614 16,432 5,2 12,261 13,148 7.2 Associate professors 11,498 12.167 :5.11 9,886 10,613 7:4 Assislant professors 9,176 9,965 8.6 8,404 8,950 6.5

Instructors 7,128 7,617 6.9 6,909 7,338 6.2 Other academic 'acuity 8,668 9,174 .5.8. 7,228 8,299 14.0 Professors and instructors combined' ..... . 11,108 11,821 6.4 9,115- 9,692 6.3 11-1 2-monlb contracts Academic deans $21,2119 $22,474 5.6 1 $15,408 $16,812 -, 9,1 Professors 17,376 18,606 7.1 14,280 14,602 2.2 Associate professors. .13,312 14,209 6.7 11,436 11,690 4.0 Assistant professors 10,952 11,724 . . 7.0 " 9,523 4,886 3.8

Instructors 8,452 9,027 6.8 7,572 7,734 2.1 Other academic faculty t0.129 . 10,894 5.6 9,623 10,838 12.6 Professors and instructors combined* 13,435 14,424 7.4 11,032 11,485 4.1 1 The average salaries for universities end for other 4-year institutions are weighted

averages for the ranks of professors, associate professors, assistant professors.

and Inslruclors.. The averages for 2-year institutions include "other academic

faculty," in addition lo the above ranks, because those with no designated ranks

were reported In this category.

2.year institutions

1966.67 1967-68 Percent

increase

8 9 10

1

$11,703 9.574

10,201 8,507

8,394.

8,868

8,704

$11,974

-10,152

10,928

9,113

8,958

9,582

9,138

2.3 6.0

7.1

7.1 3.1 8.1

5,0

$13,148

9,453

9,961 8,953

8,185

9,451 8,774

514,012

10,213

10,827

9,643 9.284

10,449

9,670

. 6.6 .---. 8.0

8.7

7.7

13.4

10.6

10.2 SOURCE: U.S Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, °nice of Education,

"Nigher Education Salaries, 1967-68,"

Table 108.81edian salaries of instructional staff in institutions of higher' education, by academic rank,

type of inistitution, and size of enrollment: United States, 1969-78 and 1971-72

_ - Type of institution and

size of enrollment 1969.70 1971-72 All ranks

combined Professors Associate professors Assistant professors. Instructors All ranks

combined Professors Associate professors Assistant professors

Instructors

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 All 4-year collagen and

universities 811,785 $16,799 $12,985 $10,638 $11,357 $12,932 $10,091 113,958 $11.511 $9,210 Public universities: 10,000 students and over 12,740 17,841 13,619 11,230 8,565 13,960 19,131 14,629 12,109 9,365

5,000 to 9,999 11,398 15,643' 12,692 10,651 8,345 12,757 17,052 13,770 11,562 9,195

Under 5,000 11,426 15,855 12,560 10,492 8,375. 12,411 26,777 13,707 11,382 9,241 Private universities: 5,000 aed over 13,044 18,829 13;503 10,979 '8.542 14,303 20,569 14,644 11.912 9,612

Under 5,000 11,316 .. 16,288 12,431 10,299 8,334 12,763 - 17,639 13,857 11,460 9,334

Public colleges 11,231 15,655 12,786 10,492 8.520 12,304 17,685 - 13,918 11,271 9,222

Private colleges:

1,000 and over, 500 to 999

10,191

9,413

14,302

12,597

11,473

10,610 9,699

9,124

8,152

7,777

11,483

. 10.440 15,92913,735 12,716 11470

10,748

10.007

'9,158

8,505

-Under 500 8,886 11,773 10,178 8,440 . 7,282 9,950 13,250 10,962 9,411 6,299

All 1-year lostitutionsl , 10,626 11,716 Public institutions 10,850 11,952 2,000 studenls and over ..: 11,866 13,255 1,000 0 1,999 10,231 10,765 Under 1,000 9,164 10,002 ..... Private institutions 8,196 8656

'Since a majority of the reporting 2-year institutions have not established professorial ranks, data are not shown by rank for these institutions.

NOTE.-Salaries are for 9 months of full-time teaching:

SOURCE: National Education Association, Research Division, Research Report 1970-117. "Salaries in'Higher Education, 1969-70"; and Research Report 1972-116, "Salaries

in Higher Education, 197142." (Copyright tf;) 1970 and 1972, respectively, by the National Vitiation Association. Alt tights reserved.) k

: 92
Table 109.-Median annual salaries of instructional staff and administrative officers

in 4-year colleges and universities: United States, 1959-60 to 1971.72

Position 1959-60 1961.62 1963-64 1965.66 1967-68 1969-70 1971.72

- 1

. 3 4 5 . 6 7 8

. . instructional staff In 4year colleges and universities:

All ranks Professors Associate professors

Assistant prolessirs

S 6,711

9,107

7,332

6,231

$ 7,486

10,256' 8,167 6%0

S 8,163

11,312 8.959

7,539

S 9.081

12,953

10.058 8,417

$10,235

14,713

11.393 9.472

. $11,745 16.799

12.985

10,698

$12,932

18.091 13.958

11.511

instructors and lecturers 5.095 5.582 6,114 .161 7,496 8.416 9,347

Administrative officers: 1 .

. President 13,127 15.375 17.330 19,638 22,303 25.979 29,750

Vice president 14,154 16,000 17,130 19,012 21,458 23,250 26.313 Dean of the college 10,723 12,230 13.644 15,703 16.141 19,125 19,975 Dean of students 8,7% 9,592 10.694 12,027 . 14,086 16050 317.630

,Dealt of men 7,280 8,202 9,144 .. 9.783 10,983 12,319 13,490 Dean al women 6,638 7,399 8,216 9,209 10.289 11.406 12,448 Dean of admissions 7,680 8,636 9,572 "10.364 11,446 12,933 14,280

Registrar I 6.340 7,312 8,142 9.123 10,366 11,743 13.108 Business manager 8.536 9.405 10,512 -*, 11,790 14,914 17,615 - 19,419

Chief librarian 7,078 8,163 8,883 10,225 11,817 '13.439 14,891 Director of public relations 7,194 7.659 8.440 9,596 10.823 12.764 14.652 Director of athletics 8,104 8,930 9,871 11,125 12,410 14,311 15.821 Head %dhoti coach 7,824 8,554 9,321 10.716 11.498 13,395 14,591 Head basketball coach . 6,888 7.700 8,542 9,383 10,485 11,719 13.208 3 Median for "student personnel services vice president,"

. NOTE.-Salaries of instructional staff are for 9 months of full-time leaching: salaries of administrative officers ace usually For 11 or 12 months of service. - SOURCE: National Education Association, Research Division, Research Report 1970-03, "Economic Stoke of the Teaching Prof ession,1969-70" ; and Research Report 1972-115.

"Salaries Paid and Salary-Related Practices in Nigher Education. 1971-72." (Copyright C) 1972 by the*Nationa I Education Association. Ml rights reserved.)._

Table 110. - Number of institutions of higher education, by type, central, and size of enrollment United States, fall 1971

Control of institution and site of enrollment

-

T Ali institutions . Universities Al other

4-year mstilutions.

2-year institutions Number Enrollment Number Enrollment Number Enrollment Number Enrollment 1 2 3 4 5 6 7, 8. 9 Public and private institutions 2,606 8,941,645 159 3,035,362 1,513 3,427,362 934 2.485,9U

Under 200 255 27,563 .._ __. 178 19,104 77 8,459 20010 499. 353 124,315 ___ ___ 209 73,176 144 51,139

500 to 999 538 392,730 .... 356 260,711 182 132.019 1,000 to 2,469 676 1,049,101 1 1,7945 ; 420 551,257 255 395,899

2,501 to 4,999 316 1,122,131 11 45.729 166 577.798 139 498,694

5,000 to 9,999 242 1.708,617 - 43 344,911- 117 _ 814,594 62 549.172 10.000 to 19,999 150 2,069,830 '48 715,480 53 674,819 49 679,471

20,000 to 29,999 . 46 1,099,088 31 742,460 11 261,527 4 95.101 30,000 or more 30 . 1,355,210 25 1,184,847 3 94.316 2 76,047 Public institutions 1,137 8,804,309 94 2,328,942 346 2,109,500 697 2,365,667 Under 200 8 745 ... .... 2 291 . 6 -454

200 lo 499 61 24,074 ___ ... 7 2%9 54 21.675

500 to 999

1.000 to 2.499

153

305 114,973 491,417

...

... _.. 20

72 15,422 124.445

133

233 99,551

366.972 2,500 to 4,999 221 793,256 1 4,4-t 85 305,636 135 482.670 5,000 to 9,999 191 1.336,716' 13 108,544 97 684,246 81 543.926

10,000 to 19,999 131 1,812,376 32 411,627 50 641,278 49 679.471

20.000 to 19,1199 38 91)9,901 24 573,333 10 241,467 4 95,101 30.000 or more N. 29 1,32057 24 1,150,494 3 94,316 2 76,047

Private institutions Under 2001,469 2,144,336 65 706,430 1,187- 1,317,162 237 , 120,044

1 47 26,818 ...

.. .. -176 18,813 71 8,005 200 16499 292 100,241 .... ... 202 70,777 90 29,464 500 to 999 385 277,757 ... 336 245,289 49 32,458

1,00010 2,499 371- 557,684 1 1,945 348 526.832 22 28,927

2,500 to 4,999 95 328,981 10 40,785 III 272,162 4 15,934 5,000 to 9,999 51 371,961 30 236,367 20 130,348 1 5,246

20,000 to 19,999 19 257,454 16 223.853 3 33%1 ... .... 20.090 to 29,999 8 189,187 7 169,127 1 20,060 ... ___ 30,000 or more - - 1 34,353 1 . 34,353 ___ ___ ... ... NOTE. - includes students whose programs of study are creditable toward a bachelor's or higher degree and also students In 1, 2, or 3-year undergraduate programs not

creditable toward a bachelor's degree but designed to prepare for immediate employment or to provide general education.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Wallace, Office of Education, "fall Enrollment in Nigher Education, 1971."

03
Trend in Higher Education is Toward Coeducation

The Education Directory for the academic year

1970-71, recently iss ed by the National Center

for Educational Statistic.s, lists 2,573 colleges, uni.

versities, and professional schools in the United

States and its outlying areas. Ten years ago the

comparable figure was 2,028. Thus, in the pas'.

decade, 545 schools have been added to the Office

of Education's universe of institutions offering two

or more years of college.level work.

One of the most obvious trends in American

higher education in recent years is the trend toward

coeducation. As the accompanying chart indicates,

the number of institutions for men decreased from

236 to 154 in the past decade, and the number

of colleges and universities for women dropped

from 259 to 193. During the same period, the

number of coeducational institutions rose from

1,533 to 2,226. A number of leading institutions

which previously had been attended only by men

or by women became coeducational during the

1960's.

Only 16 of the single sax institutions (11 for

men and five for women) are publicly controlled.

Approximately three-fifff s (205) of these institutions

are affiliated with a religious group. and the remaining 126 are under private nonsectarian con.

trot.

Most of the institutions attended exclusively by

men or by women students are relatively small

colleges. More than four-rifths of them enroll fewer

than 1,000 students, and the average enrollment

is approximately 700. The 347 institutions combined enroll Only about three percent of all the

students on college campuses today.

For information on individual institutions, coedu.

cational or otherwise, the reader may wish to con.

suit the Education Directory, Higher Education,

1970-71 (OE-50000-71). The publication may be

purchased at $3.75 a copy from the Superintendent

of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,

Washington, D.C. 20402.

W. VANCE GRANT,

specialist in educational statistics

94
3 Table 111.Number of institutions of higher education, by type, control, and State: Fell 1971

Slate Total- en institutions Universilies All pipe 4.year

institutions

2:year institutions Politic Private Public Private Public Private Public Private

... I 2 3 4 S 6 7 8 9 'III

United States Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas Caldwell. Colorado Conneclical Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho

Illinois..

Indiana

Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts _ Michigan Mlnnesola Mississippi . Missouri Montana. Nebraska. Nevada New Hampshire

New Jersey New Mexico New York North- Carolina North Dakota

,Ohio Oklahoma Oregon

Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Visginis.. .......... .... ...... ............

Washington

West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming U.S. Service Schools Outlying areas American Samoa Canal Ione Guam

Puerto Rico

. Virgin Islands...- Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands

-

N.

2,606 1,137 1,469 95 65 345 1,170 697 234 49

308

20

20729

467

19

62

6112

10

136 4553

52

36

23

18 48

120

es55

4170

12 276

19

58

11 221

98- 12

9739 - 41

14213

46

16 59

125

13

-19

6543

24 57

8

7

29'. 1 149

11320

193

3

34 28

: 76

. 49

6

17278

12

. 3

24

90

42

25

24229

13

5

4258

;77

54

9

. 292521

30

3226

18n

95

32

31

13 27 . 8

7

20

24

11 949

27

416

28

335

4

8739

36

25

28

11

IS

2490

46

30

_ 1748

. 3

14

-2 16

333

144 44

- 3

68

1420

11219

24

10

4153

4

1433

12

11 30

.... ""

.

2

121

121

1 ....

, 3

1

i134

23

2

1

1

1

13 -

1

12

t1

12

2

2

2 : 8

2

2

3

12

2

16

2

14

2

1

1

1 ____

____ _... ____

____

____ ....

___. ____

____

' ____

---- ____

--- ____

----

....

--____

----

---- ____

4

1

15

1

15

21-

2

17

1

2 ' 1

212

2

. 11

I4

. 14

1

.-

1

10

....

1623

7

4

024

15

...."

3

7

..--

14

. 69

18

13

106

6

. 9

4

4

12

104

31

14

45

106

14

174

622

2

3

84

9

9

----7

16

13 . 8

837

19

t8

2224

42

72

34

3020

21

9. 11

22 55

39

27

10393-

12

113

223 . 11529

3 628

16 96

10

198

3342

1 1126

128

28

. ____

17

. 112 11

11

14

11 27

126

2 39

214

20 ----2

1 15

16 29

18

16

123

8

3

1 14

244

383

16

13

13

13

1 13 ____

11 44

5

1 20

253

- 177

.-__

_ A

,

4

1

13

7

1733

58

2103

5

5

?

2t286

-3

2

7 .-

12

9

--.. 1713 --

5

53

12 ----5

27

-7

23

7 --..3

1 -.-. _

11 6 5 1 ____ 3 2 t

1

I

16

I

0

0

t

It

1

1

____

..... ---.5

. _ _ _ ____

....

..... ---.

1

_ _ _ _ ....

___,

---. ....

____

_ ____

I

I

:

_1

____

....

- ----

..--

4

. _ _ _ -.._

1 .___ -...

.-__

---

.... -.

1 --

.... SOURCE:-ILS. Deportment of Health. Education and Welfare Olfue of Education, vapi) shed data from the survey of "Fall Enrollment in Higher Education, 1471."

-95'

.* c
Table 112.Number of Institutions of higher education, by control of institution a ad by State: Fall 1971 -

Stale Told Public Private , Stale% Local State

and local Independent of church Denorninalional Protestant. Roman Catholic Other:

1 2 3 4 S 6 7 8 9 . United States Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho

Illinois

Indiana . Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire

New Jersey. New Mexico New Yak North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon

Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas . . blab Vermont Virginia

Washington

West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming US. Service Schools Outlying areas American Samoa Causal Zone Guam

Puerto Rios Virgin Islands . Trust Tenittey of the Puffin Islands

2.606 647 333 157 668 495 274 32

493

18

20

20729

46

71962. 61

1210 - 136

4S

S3S236

23

18 AB

12008

5S

41

- 70

12

216

19

56

11 222

se

. 12

97 39

41

142

1346

1659

125

1319

65

43

24

578

7

290 . 27

2225

19

. 3-

0

10

. 27

_ 7

4

136

6

86

103

9

_2613 2S

11e

6s

5

'4

227

27

36722

218

173

186

18329

s 32

25

13

10

17

.

.

0

0

11

28440

0

320

I0

2180, 17a

10

102

260

B

II38

0

0

7

1 12

123

3

It100

20

0

310o.

0

20

9

50

0

1

1

. 0

7

I

0

a0

40

0

0

180

8

20

1a

s2

30

5

30

0

. oa

60

38

170

4

1

23a

,, 20a

;

00

0

4

08

20

.

s0

3

1 564

1737

14

13

2

1 43

9

to

24' 11316

72

21I

4170

5

1 13

12

1 96

60

264

12

58s

7

213 13

122Ii26

t5

0

0

'12

2

2

to

22

30

I2720

1

229

19

15

1718

4oI4

1116

13

IS

17

00

6

0

1 - 36

2

249

7_

30

0

176

25

33

10

21

54

sa0

3

00

0

262

100

77

a

10

13

11106

6

6

2s

- 138

10

0

12

.2

2a

2

14

224

2

I 16

I

1 244

0

2

3

70

2

t5

t 10o

0

_

e;

.

.

'-

00

0

0

20

00

0

00

t

12 - 0

I

0

0

0

0

2

20

0

a0

0

0

0

0

a2a

170 , 0

20

0

0

00

0

a0

2a0

00

0

0

.. 0

31 6 0 0 3 0 0

I1. I6

1

I _

1

1

I2

1

1

o . 0

00

0

0

0

0

00

0

. 0

00

03a

0

_a0

0

00

0

00

0

20

0

a0

a

0

0

0

'Includes institutions underfederal control (seven U S. Service Schools and Canal Zone College)

1 Incledes Jewish, Latter Day Saints. Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox. and Unitarian. . . SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Fall Enrollment in Higher Education. 1911"; "Education Directory, 1972.12. Higher Education"; and unpublished data.

96
L

1-.

Table 333. --Earned degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by level of degree and by State: 1970-71 and 1971-72

'State

1970.71 1971-72! Bachelor's degrees

First

professional

degrees. Master's degrees Deckles degrees Bachelor's degrees First professional

degrees Masters degrees Doctor's

. degrees

1

1 2 3 4 5 7 9 UnRed States 839,730 37.945 230,509 32..107 176,000 45,200 239,010 30,600 Alabama Alaska

13,000 369

425

0

2.561

231 % 26512 13,600 400

5100

2.700 200290

10 Arizona 8.251 . 212 3,155 396 8.600* 250 1 3,300 430 Arkansas 7,284 206 1.185 116 7.600 250 ' 1,205 130

*California 73,844 3,893 21,097 3,349 76,900 4.650 21,800 3,683 Colorado 12,401 502 3,571 656 12.900 600 3.700 -710

"Connecticut Delaware

-11,499

1,602

4490

4,352

472

5197512,000 1,700

53004,500

500

56080 District of Colombia 5,997 1,540 . 4,632 '576 6,300 1,840 4,800 620 Florida 20,933. 666 5,069 702 21,800 790 5,300 760 Georgia Hawaii Idaho

15,017

3,051

2,740 769

0

34 1,542

1,104 462

455

78 57

15,800

,3.200

2,900

920

0

40 4,700

1,100 500

0908060

Illinois 41,861 2,461 13,767 2,085 43,700 2,900 /4,300 2,250

Indiana 23,642 886 8.632 1.355 24,700 ,.1,030 8,900 1,460

Iowa 14,784 598 2.666 702 15,400 710 2,800 760 Kansas 12,360 387 2,849 387 12.900 060 3,000 420 Kentucky 12,459 844 2,765 190 13.000 1.010 2.900 200 Louisiana Maisie

14,051 4,482

62058 3,343

. 746

391

25 14,7004,700

- 980f

70

3.500

BOO

420

30 Maryland 12,620 602 3,244 552 13,200 720 3,400 590 Massachusetts 30,632 2,111 11,236 1,791 32,000 2.,500 11,600 '1,930

Michigan - 36,792 1.481 13,261 1,793 .38.000 1.760 13,700 1.930 ,. Minnesota 18,674 738 2.781 613 19,500 880 2,900 660 Mississippi N 8,816 195 1,656 225 9,200 230 1,700 240 Missouri 19,533 1;405 6,009 645 20.400 1.670 6,200 700 Montana 3.991 35 - 682 76 . 4,200 40 709 80 Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire...

9,876

1,253 4,328

402O

0

1,374

260 598

223

19

54

10,300

1,300

4,500

4800

0

1,400 300

600

24020

60 New Jersey 19,690 683 5,694 551 20.500 810 5,900 590 Now Mexico 4.327 82 1.301 182 4,500 100 1,390 200 New 'fork 72235 4,195 29,971 3,370 75,400 5.000 31,000 3.640 North Carolina 19,847 737 3,443 723 10,700 880 3,600 700 North Dakota. 4,017 34 665 118 0,200 40 700 130 Ohio 44,325 1,730 9,62 1,019 46,200 2,060 10,100 1,530 Oklahoma 12,488 352 2,898 467 13,000 420 3.000 500 Oregon 10,059 089 3,251 494 10,500 580 3,400 530 Pennsylvania 50,074 2,386 12,434 1,636 52,100 2,840 12,900 1,760 Rhode Island 5,107 9, 1,304 207 5,300 12 0,400 1 220 South Carolina 8,039 278 1,092 125 8,400 330 1,100 130 Smith Dakota 4,796 58 866 52 5,000 70 900 60 Tennessee 16.575 868 3236 484 /7,300 1,030 3,400 520 Texas 43,329 2,112 9,603 1,358 45,100 2,520 10,000 1,460 Utah 9,386 166 2,016 394 9,800 200 2,100 420 Vermont 3,045 46 704 28 3,200 50 700 39 Virginia 14,762 808 3,174 372 15,400 960 3,300 400 Washington 16,556 387 3,427 574 17.300 460 3,600 620 West Virginia 7,901 184 1,265 202 8,200 220 1,300 110 Wisconsin Wyoming

22,700

1,315

61434 4,815

329

960

88 23,700

1,400

730 40

5,000

300 1,03090 U.S. Service Schools 2.887 0 958 .....4. 19 3,000 0 1,000 20

. Outlying areas 6,380 977 6 6,700 390 1,000 10 Canal Zone Guam

797 o

0

o 630

0

(1) 100 0

O 100' 00 Puerto Rico Virgin Islands

6,228

48 330o 914a

6

0 6.910

200 0

900

0

100 1 Waisted. 1 Less than 50. SOURCE:.U.S. Department of Health, Education, end Welfare. Office of Education. "Earned Degrees Conferred, 1970-71"; and Office of Education estimates,

..
Table 11944aChelor's, master's, and doctor's degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by sex of student and by

field of study: United States, 197041

Major fieleol study

4 -

Bachelors degrees

requiring 4 or 5 years

Second-level (masters)

degrees

Doc lors degrees

(Ph.D., Ed.O., Mt)

r Total Men Women Total Men Women. Total Men Women

1 -2 3 4 - 6' 7 8 9 10 All fields

Agriculture and natural resources * Agriculture, general. Soils science Aldine' science. Dairy science . Poulhy science . Fish, game.-and wildlife management

Norliculture

Ornamental horticulture

Agricultural and farm management

Agricultural economics

Aviculture! business

Food science and technology.

forestry o - Natural resources management

Aviculture and forestry technologies

Range management Other . Architecture and environmental design

Environmental design, general

,Architeclure

Interior design

Landscape erchlteclure

ureari architecture

City, community, and regional pieeeing Other Area studies Asian studies. general East Asian studies South Asian (India, etc.) studies Southeast Asian studies Akita,' studies

Islamic studies Russian and Slavicstedies Latin American studies Middle Eastern studies European studies, general

Eastern European studies ' West European studies American studies Pacific. erea studies, Other Biological sciences

54:44ey. general

Dateny, general

Bacteriology

Plant pathology

Plot physiology

Zoology, gelletal

Pathology, human and animal

Pharmacology, human and animal

Physblogy.lauman and anima

Microbiology

Anatomy..,

Histology

Biochemistry

Biotohysies

Molecular biology

Cell biology

Marine biology

BilMelfkit and biestatistics

Ecology

Entomology Genetics Radiobielogy

Nutrition, scientific biourosciences Toxicology

Embryology . Other

.

'

,

.

839,730

. 475,594 384,136 230,509 136,145 92.363 32,107 27,530

. 4.577

12.672

1,491 823

212 2.445

24580

*936

385

200

213

1;175 883

333

1.826

421

154 136

711 5.570

56B

3,459

314 595

229 495

2,492

16242

26

10

13

3 136 289

4

5120

26 1,446

1 252 35.743

26.294

546 353

15

7 5,330

1 177 1,1225

568

53

66

. 29

52g

96

164 46

38

22

701

12,136

1,445

. 812 207

2,222

23779 916

341

176 210

1,165

865

286

1,804

- 396

154

134

681 4,906

404

3,28482 474

- 204 458

1,17483

18

.16

55

173

148

2

.81

17 11 630

133

25.333

18,253 349

210

136

4,314

1 145 5964

430

34 49

1750478

147

221416

581

53646

115 223- 8

1

'2038

243

10

.18

47

2228

.___

230

664

164

175

232

31

25. 37

1,31879

21

105B

263

1322

15 838 119

10,410

-8,041

197

143

2

1 1,066

. --

._

92 526

i --

138

19

17

1224

.13

1724 24

6 120-

2.457

123 29387

344 54

50

151

161

10

... 4175

188

29116

16

27

164 1,70558 625

6

. 10760

810

39 1,007

10087

188

6709

1488- 6

-231 285 5,728

2.665

31174

90

- 24

691 a

75

148

382 112

1 25139

'6

6

45

44

21

188 88

25 1032

9

. .... 259

2,313

122

283' 84 318 - 52

. 45

144 1479

. ..... 403

5 155 282

7116

27 147. 1.46942

578

299

54

65836 618' 68

65

116

19

29

786

4 105 265 3,805

1,746

21247

69

19

451 5458

116

22473

152

314

1 40

3116

16151

19 23

2

4 -.

200

114103

26

2

5

714

I ....

:14 --- 3333

9

2 ___

----

17 236

16

478

6

1523

3893222

7

227

..Z0

70

125 80

'1,923

. 91999

27

219

210

111732

158 39

- ii

8

2

5

-5

13

. 5' 27

376

80

9 ....59*-

1,186 -

16989

. 14530

27 43

762

....

.212

11992

168

1543

36

26

i3

23

1 1446

8

3

14

'67

..

-.50

3,645 535

223* , 42

10537 418

68

161 245

323

149

1 517

101 32

le

12 -'. 24

17

215

128

13 42 ' 8

5

. 206

1,055

Agronomy. 165 84

14030

2742

73

..... 209 1W

92

16

- 154233

i

. 2 23

1 120

- 57

----

49

.---46 3,056

405 195- 34

10034 346

62

141 204

264 126

1 436

87

° 2510

12

20

t5

202

109

11

32

74,

59

314

5

5 ____ ....

1

3 . ..3

-- -9

....

.... ....

1

3

- 2

-". .. 1

...-

._

24 . 1

1 --

18

---.4 . 595

131288

5

-3

726. 204159

23 /ii

., 1476

.4

213

19

219 . 1

1

1 38 SOURCE: Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Earned Degrees Conferred: 1970.71."

98
Table 114..-Bachelor.'s, master's, and doctor's degrees conferred by Institutions of higher education, by sex of student and by

. field of study: United States, 1870-71-Continued

Major field ol study

Bachelors degrees

requ ring 4 or 5 years

Secondlevel (master's)

degrees . Doctor's degrees

(Ph.D., Ed.D:, etc,)

Total - Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

1 2" 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Business and management 115,527 105,060 10,467 26,544 25,506 2,038 BM 787 23 Business and commerce, general 30,187 27,208 2,979 8,693 8,316 377 190 188 2 Accounting 22,099 20,036 2,063 1,097 994 103 61 ' 58 3 Business statistics Banking and finance

198 5,922171 5,757

27

165

104

1,781

97 1.741

7 40

7 23'

723' _.. ..

investments and securities 183 . 174 9 47 , 44 3 2 2 Business management and administration 28,028 26,096 1,932 9,571 9,253 318 306 296 10

Operations research 136 129 7 504 476 28 51) 40 2 Hotel and restaurant Management 616 566 48 18 17 1 _--- ...__ Marketing and purchasing 15,985 14,6% 1,289 '1,383 1,325 58 *2; '25 ___. Transportation and public utallies 662 656 6' 63 63 ... 3 Restestate 420 404 16 40 40 .... 3

Insurance 478 464 14 18 18 .

-10

3 3 ____

International business 220 202 18 245 235' 6 Secretarial studies 1.323 34 1,289 Personnel management..,, 1,205 1.116 89 296 288 8 3 3 Labor and industrial relations 1,148 1.094 54 300 284 16 25 24 1 Business economics 2,279 2.051 128 242 225 17 66 62 4 Other - 4,538 4,204 334 2,142 2,090 52 37 36 1 Communications 10,342 6,989 3.813 1,856 1,214 642 145 126 19 Communications, general 1,734 1,068 666 518 314 204 93 78 15 Journalism 5,144 2,883 2 261 853 558 296 15 13 2 Radio /television 1,899 1.561 338 195 143 52 5 Advertising 1,194 862 312 94 73 Communication media 478 330 148 86 56 Other 353 265 88 110 70 40 32 30 2 Computer and information sciences 2,388 2.064 324 r 1,588 1,424 164 128 125 3 Computer and information sciences. general 1,624 1,388 236 1,131 988 143 110 107 3

Information sciences and systems 177 146 31 143 130 13 11 11 .... Data processing 409 360 49 171 166 Computer programing 32 32 ____ 5 5 .... .... .... --

Systems analysis 88 87 1 28 86 2 6 6 ..... Other . 58 51 7 50 49 1 1 1 ..,_

Education . . 176,571 45,089 131,482 88,716 38,899 49,817 6.398 5,043 1,355 Education, general 2,026 383 1,643 12,867 5.458 7,409 1.598 1,272 326 Elementary education, general 90.432 8,090 82,142 17,070 3,123 . 13,947 219 116 103 Secondary educafion. general 3,549 1,529 2.820 5,422 2,937 2,435 212 . 170 42

Junior high school education 721 260 461 134 67 67 2 1 1 Higher education. general 6 308 145 163 274 233 41 Junior and community college education 91 55 36 6 s 1 Adult and continuing education 12 7 i 239 141 98 45 35 10 Special education, general . 2,320 341 1,979 3.051. 845 2,2% 114 77 37 Administration of special education -iii .... 106 40 66 9 6 3 Education of the mentally relarded 2,640 2,265 935 267 668 18 13 5 Education of the gifted 12 1 11 28 7 . 21 .... .... .... Education of the deaf ", 239 11 228 208 40 168 4 2 2 Education of the culturally disadvantaged 3 1 2 115 54 61 .... .... _... Education 01 the visually handicapped . 78 4 74 97 25 72 2 1 1 Speech correction 2.358 234 2,074 572 78 494 40 30 10 Education of the emotionally disturbed 347 56 291 378 91 287 14 9 5 Remedial education . 87 17 70 ..... ____ ..,.... Special learning disabilities 125 9 116 179 37 142 2 2 ___. Education ol limphysically handicapped 149 17 132 150 32 Education ol the multiply handicapped 63 4 59 50 12

"Social foundations 180 110 70 534 304 230 129 98 31 Educational psychology I 307 198 109 1,286 612 674 362 274 88 Preelementary education , 3.405 47 3,358 533 34 499 9 2 7 Educational statistics and research 3 ..__ 3 61 34 27 58 45 13 Educational Waling, evaluation, and measurement 222 106 116 30 24 6 Student personnel 7 3 4 13,335 6.589 6.746 556 440 116 Educational administration s 4 1 7,702 6,127 1.575 957 875' 82 Educational supervision .... 707 333 374 71 62 9 Curriculum and induration 296 81 215 2,261 887 1,374 458 341 117 Reading education 9 1 8 2,789 299 2,490 61 31 30 Art education 5,661 1,598 4,063 998 334 664 53 37 16 Music education 7,264 - 3,064 4,200 1.564 837 727 109 9S 14 Mathematics education 2,217 1,078 1,139 762 429 353 49 34 15 Science education 891 479 412 883 540 343 91 76 15 Physical 24.732 15,177 9,555 4,410 3.032 1,378 283 214 69 Driver and solely education 132 ,99 33 171 146 25 2 1 1 Health education - 1.089 447 642 405. 199 206 51 43 s Business, commerce, and distributive education 8,550 2,627 5,923 1,924 777 1.147 82 56 26

industrial arts, Mcationalind technical education 7,071 6,965 106 2.099 1,925 111 106 100 6 Agricultural education 1,398 1,384 14 447 426 21 43 42 . 1 Education 01 exceptional childreo, not classified above 26 3 23 112" 26 86 4 3 1 Home economics education 6,449 94 6,355 802 77 725 28 ' 1 27 Hissing education.. 603 13 590 330 13 317 28 1- 27 Other 1,195 238 957 L

2,272 1,279 993 219 176 43 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Orme ol Education, "Earned Degrees Conferred: 1970.71."

'99
Table 1141.13achelor's, master's, and doctor's degrees conferred by Institut ons of higher education, by sex of student and by

field of study: United-States, 1970-71-Continued

Maior held of study

Bachelor's deg ees

regal ing 4 or 5 years.

secondlevel (master's)

degrees

Doctor's degrees

(P11.0., Ed.D., Mc.)

I- Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

1 2 3 4 5 -6 7 a 9' 10 Engineering

Engineering, general

Aerospace, aeronautical, astronautical engineering

Agricultural engineering

Architectural engineering

Bioengineering and biomedical engineering

Chemical engineering

Petroleum engineering

Civil, construction, and transportation engineering..,

Eiectricat, electronics, communications engineering

Mechanical engineering

Geological engineering'

Geophysical engineering

Industrial and management engineering

Metallurgical engineering

Materiats engineering

Ceramic engineering

Textile engineering

Mining and mineral engineering

Engineering physics

Nuclear engineering

Engineering mechanics

Environmental and sanitary engineering

_ Naval architecture and marine engineering

Ocean engineering

Engineering technologies Other Fine and applied arts

Fine arts, general

Art

Art history and appreciation

Music (rrerlorriling, composition, theory)

Music (liberal arts program)

Music history and appreciation Dramatic arts Dance Applied design

Cinematography

Photography Other Foreign languages

Foreign languages, general French German

Italian

Spanish Russian Chinese

Japanese Latin Greek, classical Hebrew

Arabic

Indian (Asiatic)

Scandinavian languages

Slavic languages (other than Russian)

African languages (nonSemitic) Other Health professions

Health professions, general

Hospital and health care administration

Nursing

Dental specialties

Medical specialties

occupational therapy

Optometry

Pharmacy

Physical therapy

Dental hygiene Public health medical record Rtizarlanship'

Podiatry or podiatric medicine Biomedical communication Veterinary medicine specialties

Speech pathology and audiology

Chiropractic Clinical social work Medical laboratory lechnologies

Denial technologies

Radiologic technologies Other

.

i

50,046

2.864

. 2,443

504

27268 3.579

292 6.526

12.198 8,858

12326

3,171 62376

118

212 158

373 250 260

54

41664 5,148

1,310

30.394 3,595

10,688 1 709 , 3,318

,2,648

' 96

3,675

297

2,0411 70

477

1,113

19,945

607 7,306

2,60I 201 7,068

71589

77

463

104 203

15

1 62

110

2 321 25,226

230 60

.12,1995

11 663

351 4,549

1,252

531

127 1482

1,427

2 36

3,097

6248

426

49,646 2.829

2,426

503

268 67 3.516

291 6,474

12,122 8,817

12226 3,152

61773

174

211

157 368

246 258

52 415

64

'5,106

1,292 12,256

1,272 3,920

333

1.559

1,12443

1,661

23 916 58

401 946

5,075

219 1,140

962 55

1,807

277 43

26 166 65

1294

. 16

55

....

Int

5,788

140

56 253

5

1126 339 3,636

257

2 91

7

2 116 24 386

6229

284

400

35

17

14

1 63

1 52

76

41

1 __._

196

34

1

15

42

2

t ____42

18

18,138 2.323

6,768

1,376

1,759 1,524

53 2,014

274

1,132

12 76

821 14,870 388 6,166

1,639 146

5,261 43846

51 297

. 39

74

II 46

55

2

211 19,438

904

11,946

____

- _ iii

12 913

995

52936

141

. 1,251

12 2,711

____

19

142

16.443

813 717

135

31 73

1,100

100

2,425

4,282, 2,237

39

7 1,921 273

12439 32

66

65

329 264

238

7152

134

876 6.675

556 1,690

263 1,713

623 99

1,03978

120

2657

411 4,755

444

1,437 690': 87 1,456

110

22

19

132

21

196

26083

192 5,749

46 496

1,530

450

129

5112

19473

24

1,244 ___

6

589

823

-jai45

....

32 1%

16,258 804

711

13429

72

3,07499

2,397 4,252

2,232

7 1,898

272

118 39

3166

63

327 262

224

7152

134

851 3,510- 268 960

92 878

352

47

549

10

8224

50

198 1,642

111 331 28628

529

51

103

49

10

175

37

2

- 89

2.56726

436

31 428

1066

III 154

19 52

____83

152

iii13 __._

23

131

185

- 96

1

' 2

1

; 26

1 28

30

5 ----

23

16

...._

122

2

14 ____ -... __ _

25

3.165

288

730

171 835

27152

490

. 68

38

' 213 3,113

273 1.106

39459

92759

1216

83

112

16

51

1 103

3,18220

60 1,499

22

2345

240

24

472

____6

. 671

12832. ____965

3,638

219 21155 . 329 406

17 446 879

438

9

1 139

14818 25

1 43

26

120 148 49

13

I

1 127

621286

46 200

86

40

122

12 90

781

122 192

14410 168

14a

. 15184

4

3

1 32

1 sa

466

12 147

IA

43

-i 94

ii

.___

46

70

14

.___

1058

3,615- 216

: 214

. 55

404

17. 443

876

438

136

147

17

.25

43

25

120

147

13

- 1 125 483

21

-3

24 16473

36

I00

.___

1

61 48467 ,103

95598

14 ...i

II324

__

43 389

11

14

114_293

ii

____45485

3 -...

'10

48

23

33

____

233 ___

3

j1 __ ._

1 ---i ___ _ ---

2

138

1

322

36

.13

422

1

1 29

2975589

49s - 70

.__-1

..._.7I8

1 31

71

I6 ii

.... ___,

1ii _ -.-

1 222

1

.--- _-10 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education "Earned Degrees Conferred: 1970-71."

100
-

Table 114.«-Bachelor's, master's, and doctor's degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by sex of student and by

Held of study: United States, 197041-Continued

Major field of study

Oa helos's degrees

mooring 4 or 5 years

Second-level (master's)

degrees

Ooctot's degrees

(PILO.. Ed.0.. Mc.)

Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Nome economics . Nome economics, general

Home decothlion and home egnipment

Clothing and lexliles

Consumer economics and home management

Family mialions and child development , Foods and nutrition

instilutional management and 'cafeteria management Other Law

Law, general

Other.

Leiters

English, general

Literature. English

Comparative literslure Classics Lingoislics

Speech, debate, and foressic science

Creative writing

Teaching of English as a foreign language

Philosophy

Religious sludies

Other

Library science

Library science, general Other Mathematics Mathematics, general .. Statistics, mathematical and theoretical

Applied mathematics Other Mailer>, sciences

Minim science (Army)

Naval science (Navy. Marines)

Aerospace science (Air Force) Other Physical sciences

Physical sciences, general

Physics, general

Molecule( physics

Nuclear physics

Chemistry, general

Inorganic chemistry Organic chemistry

Physical chemistry

Analytical chemistry

Pharmaceutical chemistry

Astronomy , Astrophysics

Atmospheric sciences and meteorology

Geology

Geochemistry

Geophysics and seismology

Earth sciences, general

Paleontology . Oceanography

Metallurgy Otherearth.sciences Olher physical sciences

Psychology

Psychology, general

Experimental psychology

Mica' psychology

Psychology for counseling

Social psychology

Psychometrics

Industrial psychology

Developmental psychology,,.

Physiological psychology . Olher Public affairs and services Community services:general

. Public admialstration Parks and recreation management.

Social work and helping services Law enforcement and corrections

International public service Other

,.... .....

--

i

11,167 5,439

376

1,521 232

, 1,667

981

342 609

545 536

9

73,122

51,552

4,541 428

341

250 6,970

154 43 5,785

2,361

687

1.013 97835

24,801 24,253

214

248

. 86

35786

44

22

205

21,412 985

.5,046

3

22 11,037

149

2 102 34

249 2,359

748 667

3 228

39

24

533

37.1180 37,219

4424

21 7842

820

424 9,220

233 . 425

1,621 4,608

2,045

88 200

30149

17 13

13

41

19 128

21 518

5099

28,546 17,002

1,599

150

177 83 2,981

725 4,620

1,506 349

8180

1 15,369

14,951

160

201

57 35686

21 205

18,459 839 4.708

3

18 9,006

10

7

94

33 245

2,0976

46

559

3 22239

23 492

21,029 20,622

44

16

14 3328

198 4,723

77

312 1,058

1,139

1,85683

138

10,866 5,390

359

1,508

219 1,628

962

214 586

27 27

... 44,576

34,560

2,942

278

164

167 3 987

82 38

1,165 855 338

932 898

34 9,432

9.30254

4729

1 _-.-

1 2:66i 146 338

4

2,031

4

2 ____8

14 262

12

108

- 6

....

1 35

16.851 16,537 ___

8r

45

....148

.. 6 _:226

4,497

156 53 563 3,469

1895

62

1.452

648

31 12358

296

2313233

955

922 33

12,710 7,510

985

245

110 352

1,715

185 236 598

728

146

7,001 6,959

42

5.191 4,499 495

132 65

2 ....

6,36i 297 2,174

ii 2,1975

26

14

2

31 1008

153 506

5

. 40

262

9 152 44

15 213

4,431 3,227

60

191 499 37

721

244

361 8,26072

1.406 -218

6,019

194

.63. 288

88

21 __.

-2245

106' 2 909

88029

5,407

2,852

36585

51 173 100

13278 449

. 445

77 1,311 1,296

15 3.673 3,132

396

115 30

....

_ 5,521 240

2,027

11 1.733

4148

26

88

6 149 344

5

39

227

7 140 43

15 193 2.783

2,06344

119 286 25

219

104

211 4,274

64

1.255

'153

2,415

17454

159

1.364

62731

121 56

251

221 26

3146

424

7,303

4,655

520

160 59

179 1,015

53

158 149 28369

5.690

5,663

27 1,518 1,36799

17 35

...-

.._

____

84657

147

3 464

1 126i

12

24

62

..-:

1 35

2 12

1

...ZO

1,648

1,16416

72 213

125

2

14 _150 3,9868

151 5-

3,604

209

. 129

123

185

55

33

1 20

20 2,416 1.058

27496

57

150

2356. 5 394

160

31 3935

4 1,199

971 18543

.... ---.

-___

____ 4,390

29

1.449

.._

33

1,95226

58 46

1166

76

24

61 289

4

3125

75230

2 119 1,782

1.44372

133 20

512

5

134

39

178

2362

126

1

1 10

48

....

I 34

13

__20

20

.... 1,849 708

190

68 49

113 UM

6

2 358

1522328

26

2 1,106 890

173 43

....

...- ___

.___

4,14428

1.407

..... 32 1,798

2153

41

116269

23

61 2793

31246

502

113 1.355- 1,100 57

104

16 33

24

72

30

135

33

1 87

1

1 10

75

18

18

4

21 20

2

I --. - ____

____ 567 300

84288

3755

...7

3

368

8

119

2 93

8112 ---

--- --_- __- 246

1 42

....

_1 154

5

5

5 _. . :4

7

1 --

16

1 .--.

112 ...6

427

34315

29

418 -16

29 43

3

1 39

.... --

.... SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare, Office of Education. "Earned Degrees Conferred: 197041"

101
Table Wt.-Bachelor's, master's, and doctor's degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by sex of student and by

field of study: United States, MOM-Continued

'Major field of study

Bachelor's degrees

requiring 4 or 5 years

Secondlevel (ma lees)

degrees - Co lor's degrees

eh D., 60.0., etc.) Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women -

A 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Social sciences. 155,326 '98,145 57,181 16.501 31,738 4,703 3,659 3,152 507 Social sciences, general 21,543 11.753 9,790 2,330 1.522 808 50 38 /2

Anthropology 4,384 1,952 2,432 766 429 '337 241 178 63 Archaeology 72 34 38 29 11 18 8 4 4 Economics 15,758 13,890 1.868 1,995 1.733 262 721 668 53 History 44.663 29.055 15.608 5,157 3.470 1.687 991 871 120 Geography 4.155 - 3,291 864 . 649 528 121 164 147 17 Political science and government 27.482 21.966 5,516 2,318 1,839 '479 700 615 85 Sociology 33263 13,610 19.653 1,808 1,131 677 574 455 119 Criminology . 659 508 151 .136 116 20 15 12 3

International relations 1,212 850 362 783 660 123 66 58 8 Afro-American (Black culture) studies 80 47 33 17 13 American lndien cultural studies . 2 I 1 1 ___ _ &lexiconAmericen cultural studies 8 7 i 7 i 1 ..... .... ___. Urban studies 371 207 164 . 236 161 _ --

Demography s 5 3 2 a 4 2 8 5 3 Other 0 1,669 971 698 263 175 88 121 . 101 20 Theology 3,744 2,727 1,417 2,710 2.049 661 312 306 6 Theological professions. general 1,891 1,644 247 1,342 1,204 138 249 246 3 Religious music 116 64 52 106 76 30 Biblical languages 24 23 1 18 14 Religious education 1,365 722 643 937 551 . 386 - 34 31 . 3 Other 348 274 74 307 208 99 23 23

Interdisciplinary studios li 13.767 9,824 3.943 1,706 1 106 600 ; 91 77 ii General liberal arts and sciences 6.461 3,880 1,531 549 30e 243 i 11 8 3 Biological and physical sciences 3,897 3,193 704 524 407 117 ' 15 14 I Humanities and social sciences 2,020 1,091 - 929 336 184 152 21 14 7 Engineering and ether disciplines 178 174 4 24 22 2 17 17 .... Other 2.211 1,486 725 273 187 . 86 27 24 3 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare, °Rice of Education. "Earned Degrees Conferred: 1970-71."

r.

102
Table 115.-Aarned degrees conferred by institutions of

higher education: United States, 1869-70 to 1970-72

Year Earned degrees conferred

All degrees' Bachelor's end !hitprofessional

Melees

except first.

professional Doctor's

1 2 3 4 5

1869-70 187940

1849-90

1894-1900 1909-10

1919-20 1929-30 193940

1941.42. 1943-44 194546

194748

1949-50 1951-52.. 1953-54 1955.56 195748

1959-60 1961.62 196344

1965-66 196743

1969.70

1970-71

9,372

13,829

16,703

29,375

39,755

53,516

139,752

216,521 213,491

141,582

157,349

317,607 496,661

401,203

356,604

376,973

436,979

476,704

514,323

614,194

709.832 866,548

3,065,391

1,140,292

9,371 12,896

15,539

27,410

37.199

48,622 122,484

186,500

135,346

125.863

136.174 271,019

432,058

329,986

290,825

308,812

362,554

392,440

417,846

498,654

551,040

666,710

827,234 877,876

0

879

1.015 1,583

2,113 4,274

14 ,969 26,731 24,648

13.414

19.209 42,400

58,183

63,534

56,788

59,258

66,487

74,435

84,855

101,050. 140,555

176,749

208,291 230,509

154

149

382 443 615

2,299

3,299

3,497 2,305 1.966 - 4,186

6,420

7,683

8,995

8,903

8,938

4,829

11,622

14,490 18,237

23,089

29,866

32,107

NOTE.-Beginning hi 1959-60, includes Alaska and Hawaii,

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfere, Office of Education ,

"Biennial Survey of Education in the United Slates"; and circulars on "Earned

Degrees Conferred."

Table 116.-Engineoring degrees conferred by institutions of

higher education, by level of degree: United States and

outlying areas, 1948-49 to- 1970-71

Year

. All

engineering

degrees Bachelor's and first

engineering

degrees Master's degree, Doctor's degrees

I 2. 3 4 5

1948-49 50,415 45,200 4,798 417 1949-50 58,130 52.732 4.904 494 195941 47,635 41.893 5.156 586 - 1951.52 35.013 30,286 4,141 586 .. 3952-53 28,499 , 24,164 3,743 $92 1953.54. 27.003 22,236 4,177 590 3954-55_ 27,672 22,589 4,484 599 - 1955.56 311640 26,306 4,724 610

1956-57 37,039 31.211 5,232 596

1957-58 41,767 35,332 5,788 647 1958-59 45,601 38,134 6.753 714 195940 45,753 37,808 7.159 786

1960-61 44,980 35,860 8,177 943 196142 44,851 34,735 8,909 1,207 196243 44,471 33,458 9.635 1,378 1963-64 47,746 35,226 10,827 1,693 196445 50,871 36,691 12.056 2.124 196546 51,795 35,815 13,677 2,303 196647 . 52,687 36,188 13,885 2,614 1967.68 55,734 37,614 15,188 2,932 196849 60,173 41,553 15,243 3.377. 1964-70 64,050 44,772 15,597 3,681 1970-71 70,452 50,357 16,457 3,638 Also includes other postgraduate predate/al deg ees.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Hearn', Education, and Welfare, Office of Education.

"Engineering Degrees. 196546"; and circulars on 'Earned Omen Conferred."

Table 117.---Number of first-profeisional degrees conferred ln dentistry,

medicine, and law, by sex: United States, 1949-50 to 1970-71

Year Dentistry 09.06. or C.W.O.) Medicine (Mb.) Law 0.1.0. or Llio.i' -,, Number of

institutions

conferring

degrees

Degree conferred Number of Degree conferred Number of

institutions

conferring

degrees

Degrees conte ed

Total Men Women

institutions conferring

degree

Total Men Women Total Men Wooten

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 [1 12 13 1949.50 40 2,579 2.561 18 72 5,612 5,028 584 ___ ___ 1950.51 40 2,803, 2.768 35 72 6,014 5,563 451 __. _... 1951-52 ....... .... 41 2,918 2,895 23 72 6,201 5,871 330 .... ___ ___ ... 1952-53 41 2,935 2,920 15 72 6,686 6,326 360 ___ ... ... _- 195344 42 3,102 3.063 39 73 6.712 6,377 335 .._ ___ --. ... 1954-55 42 3,099 3,071 28 72 7,014 6,683 331 128 8209 7,921 288 1955.56 42 3.009 2,975 34 73 6,810 6,444 346 131 8.262 7,974 288

1956-57 43 3,038 3.011 27 75 6,744 6,397 347 127 8,794 8,525 269, 1957-58. . : ... , 43 3,065 3.031. 34 75 8,816 6,469 347 131 9,394 9.122 272 1958-59 43 3,150 3336, 14 75 - 6,825 6,457 368 332 9.856 9,599 257

. , 1959-60 45 3,247 3,221 26 79 7.032 6,645 387 134 9.240 9,010 230

1960-61 46 3,266 3,247 18 79 6,940 6,610 330 134 9,429 9,182 247 1961-62 46 3,183 3.166 17 61 7,138 6,749 349 134 9.364 9,091 273 196243 46 3.159 3,145 24 81 7,231 6,831 400 134 9.884 9,532 302 196344' 46 3,180 3,168 12 82 7,303 6,878 425 133 10,479 10,372 307 1964-65 45 3,107 3,085 22 81 7,304 6,832 472 134 11683 11,216 367 196446 47 3,178 3,146 32 84 7,673 7,170 503 136 13,246 12,776 470

1966-67 47 3.341 3,312 29 83 7,723 7,159 564 . 134 14,663 14,112 551 1967.68 48 3.422 . ..3,175. 47 85 1,944 . 7,318 626 138 16,454 15,805 649

1968-69 48 3,408 3,376 32 84 8925 7;416... 610 140 .17.053 . -16673 . 680

1969-70 48 3,718 3.684 34 86 8,314 7,615 699 145 14,916 14,115 801 1970-71.... 48 3,745 3,703 42 89 8,9[9 8,110 809 247 17,421 16,181 1,240

Oata prior to 1954.55 are not shown because they lack comparability with lire figures for subsequent years.

SOURCE: US. Department of Health, Educalion, and Welfare, alined Education, circulars on "Earned Degrees Conferred."

103
Table MS.-First professional degrees conferred by institutions of higher education, by sex of student, control of

institution, and field st study: United States, 1970-71

Conlrol 01 institution

and field of study

FintpreeSSiOnal degrees' Control of institution

and field of study

First- professional degrees I

Total Men Women . Told Men Women

1 2 3 4 2 3 4 Total, all Institutions 37,946 35.544 2,402 Veterinary medicine (D.V.A1,) 1098 1,016 82 Law (LLB, or 1,13.) 7,606 7,132 474 Dentistry (D.D.S. or 0.141.0.) 3,745 3,703 42 Theology (B.O., M.Div_. or Rabbi)

Medicine (M.D 8,919 8,110 809 Other 93 -62 31 Oplemelry (04.1 531 518 13 Osteopathy (D.0,) 472 461 11 Total, privately controlled institutions. 21,807 20,433 1,374

Podiatry (Pod.O. or D.P.) or Pediatric medicine

(0.P.M.).. 240 235 5 Denlistry (D.D.S. or O.M D ) 1,678 1,658 20 Medicine (M.D.) 3,826 3.428 398 Veterinary medicine (11.V.M.) 1,252 1,154, 18 Optometry 03.03 349 344 5 Law (.1..B. or 1.13) 17.421 16,181 1,240 Osteopathy (0.0.) 472 161 11 Theology (0.0., M.Div.. or Rabbi) 5,055 4,937 118 Mier), (Pod.O. on O.P.) Of Pediatric medicine Other 311 - 245 66 (0.P.M.) 240 235 S Total, publicly controlled institutions.. 16,139 15.111 1.028 Veterinary medicine (O.V.M.) 154 138 16

taw (LL.B. or 1.0.) 9,815 9,049 766 Dentistry (D.D.S. or 0.111.13.) 2.067 2,045 22 Theology (8.0., Itt,Div..os Rabbi) - 5/355 4,937 118 Medicine (M.D.) 5,093 4,632 III Other 218 183 35.. Optometry (0.0.) 182 174 a Osteopathy (D.0.)

Podiatry (Pod.O. or O.P.) or Podietric medicine

(D.P.M.)

Includes degrees which {nuke at feast 6 years of college work for completion (Inc riding at least 2 years preprefessional training).

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, end Welfare, Office of Education. "Earned Degrees Conferred, 1970-71."

Table 119.-Male college graduates in the population, by field of highest degree;

United States, March 1967

Field of highest degree Number On

thousands)

. Perceat Field Of highest degree Humber (in

thousands) Percent

1 2- 3 I 2 3 Tote 6,350 100.0 Humanities : 379 6.0 English and journalism 174 2.7 Biological sciences 285 4.5 Speech and drama

. 31 0.5 Agriculture In 2.1 Foreign languages and literatures 53 0.8 Zoology 16 0.2 Philosophy 47 0.7 Forestry 16 0.3 All other hoe and applied arts' 74 12

All other biological sclencess 117 1.11' Law 496-, 6.4 Business and commerce 1,171 18.4 Physical sciences 533 8.4 Accounting - 236 '3.7 Mathematical subjects 124 2.0 All other business and commerce' 935 14.7 Chemistry 223 3.5 Physics 93 1.5 Education 976 15.4 Geology . 38 0.6 Elementary aducatioo. 24 0.4 AB other physical science's 55 0.9 Educational administration . 75 1.2

Induslrial arts (educational) 37 0.6 . Religion 142 22

Physical education - 58 0.9 Theology 110 1.7 All Other educations 781 12.3 All other n000111 32 0.5 Engineering 1,000 15.7 Social sciences 678 10.7 Mei engineering Ill.. 13 Psychology 95 1.5 Electrical engineering 173 2.7 Economics 174 2.7 Mechanical engineering 188 3.0 History 158 2.5 All other engineerlogs 528 8.3 Political science 61 1.0 Sociology 55 0.9 Health Molessions 477 7.5 All other social sciences° 135 2.1 Dentistry (D.D.S. and D.M.0

Medicine MO.) 93

235

1.5 3.7 Other fields 178 - 2.8 Pharmacy 80 1.3 Architecture 54 0.8 All other heallh professions' 49 1.1 All other 124 2.0

. Not reported 126 2.0

I Includes not specified.

SOURCE: US. Depannient of Commerce, Bureau of the Ceines."Curre,nt Population Repoits;ISsiles P20, lie. 201.

104
Table 120r-Docker's degrees s conferred by 60 large institutions of higher education: 1961-62 to 1970.71 .

institulion Rank orders

Total, 1961-62

lo 1970-71

. 1961.62

. 1962-63 1963-64 1464.65 1965-66 1966-67 1967-68 1968-69 1969-70 1970-71

1 2 3 a 5 6 1 8 9 10 11 12 13 Columbia University (N.Y.) 1 6,804 549 517 602 616 631 750 796 823 815 705 Urtiveisity of California at Berkeley 2 6.352 430 418 492 585 645 722 675 803 823 759 University of Wisconsin 3 6,308 435 428 458 531 545 627 720 749 900 915 Universily of Illinois 4 6,076 444 450 495 493 545 539 660 721 809 870 Harvard University (Mass.) 2 5 - 5,107 378 446 483 471 491 516 568 554 588 612 University of Michigan 6 5,094 364 379 403 364 439 475 548 627 686 809 Ohio State-University 7 41413 262 329 341 397 362 425 457 542 622 676 Michigan State University 8 4,279 210 223 303 368 356 423 461 530 615 731 Stanford University (Calif.) 9 4,226 . 261 276 301 382 403 498 491 527 505 582 New York University 10 4,212 299 349 362 345 . 385 438 ' 439 507 519 574 University of Minnesota 11 4208 276 314 316 366 396 408 489 484 546 613

Indiana UnlversitY 12 4.110 234 266 322 342 383 384 448 547 561 623 Purdue University (lad.) 13 3,839 258 290 302 322 345 361 403 484 S76 498 University of California at Los Angeles 14 3,816 202 224 269 306 311 396 442 481 615 570 Cornell University (N.Y.) 15

. 3,572 261 212 299 312 319 358 405 431 494 521 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 16 3,489 224 274 . 306 335 360 386 351 414 439 400 University of 7e.ras. . 17 3.319 198 219 243 249 336 359 38) 448 418 468 University of Chicago (Ill,) 18 3,177 228 - 280 273 290 306 293 328 384 361 434 Yale University (Conn.) 19 2,860 224 231 253 295 2 285 4 285 278 316 348 345 Pennsylvania State University 20 2,143 157 202 201. 232 258 258 276 344 379 436 University of Southern Celifornia 21 2,702 142 169 175 205 241 261 341 322 393 453

florlhweslern University (011.) 22 2,693 166 196 198 236 241 279 298 320 360 404 University of Pennsylvania 23 2,693 154 164 212 246 251 282 285 368 373 378 University of Washington 24 2,625 142 161 182 226 252 266 290 332 342 432 University of lows 25 2,610 173 -205 223 224 225 282 278 292 319 389

. -

lima Slate University of Science and Technology 26 2,343 '165 174 201 216 208 248 253 271 296 311 University of Missouri s........ 27 2,115 93 100 122 184 190 219 217 267 362 361 University of Maryland 28 2,108 109 110 116 177 166 205 241 295 350 339 Princelon University (N.J.)* 29 2.073 167 172 192 171 222 215 229 212 238 255 Case Western Reserve University (Ohio)' 30: 2,026 102 146 148 180 145 277 235 271 295 327 University of Florida 31 2,016 121 99 129 159 185 215 244 265 296 -303 University of Pittsburgh (Pa.) 32 1,906 139 137 135 158 169 161 185 151 315 326 Universily of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 33 1,820 114 117 138 162 164 155 213 238 241 278 Rutgers, The state University (4.1.) 34 1,777 91 111 147 172 160 191 198 229 245 233 Florida State University 35 1,734 90 84 81 )26 131 182 207 233 286 314 University of Colorado - 36 1,701 91 108 123 148 189 153 193 193 251 252 University of Oregon 37 1,659 66 70 93 124 152 172 703 246 273 260 University of Kansas 38 1,651 78 .92 107' 128 139 -, 160 186 233 268 260 Syracuse University (N.Y.) 39 1.621- 80 90 102 132 131 152 193 194 290 257 Johns Hopkins University (Md.) 40 1,615 113 103 119 136 141 148 219 201 223 212 University of Oklahoma 41 1,585 ES 91 107 122 155 176 172 225 245 224 Duke University (N.C.) 42 1,559 92 106 115 141 159 158 181 164 223 220 Boston University (mass.) 43 1,495 125 116 106 118 111 123 158 208 216 214 Catholic University of Ami-lca (D.C.) .44 1,453 110 ' 118 107 129 130 133 143 182 191 230 Oklahoma State University 45 1,433 56 63 94 120. 144 132 168 170 218 218 University of Nebraska 46 1,416 69 91 101 59 135 171 160 155 213 222 University of Utah 47 1,407 67 81 81 92 114 151 142 193 248 238 . University of Tennessee 48 1,400 60 t 77 77 91 98 103 175 197 2,06 286 Louisiana State University 49 1,396 75 104 99 95 117 148 161 178 198 221 University of Rochester (N.Y.) 50 1,384 82 93 86 104 119 144 154 ,184 215 203 Wayne Slate University (Mich.) 51 1,360 69 89 ,' 90 I11 124 143 148 188 190 208 Texas A. & M. University 52 1,293 -59 45 73 86 130 136 156 177 216 215 Slate UniversilY of New York al Buffalo 53 1,256 33 37 51 72 100 114 134 218 248 249 University of Arizona - 54 1,249 40 44 63 99 115 154 138 137 214 245 Oregon State University. 55 1,192 66 66 82 99 119 93 145 159 156 207 University of Virginia 56 1,152 62 58 73 - 64 90 119 129 155 176 226 University of Northern Colorado 57 1,144- 78 71 81 78 101 -100 191 137 147 160 University of Georgia 58 1,124 23 41 51 55 92 135 118 156 . 197 256 North Caroline State University at Raleigh 59 1 ,074 40 54 54 95 95 123 102 143 163 205 California Institute of Technology 60 1,059 84 90 101 98 104 110 110 125 120 117

Includes Ph.D., Ed.O., and comparable degrees at the doctoral level. Excludes

fustprofessional degrees, such as M.D 0.0.s., and- 0.V.M.

z Institulions ranked by-total number of doctor's degrees Conferred during the

year period 1961-62 to 1970-71.

2 Includes degrees conferred by Radcliffe College.

4 Estimated by the Office of Education.

105

5 Includes degrees conferred by the University of Kansas Ci y, which became a

branch of the University of Missouri in 1963-64.

Includes degrees conferred by Case institute cf. Technologyand Western Reserve

University prior to their merger In 1966.67.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Heatth, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

circulars on "Earned Degrees Coateried."*
Table 321-Formal awards based on 'organized occupational curriculums at the technical or semiprofessional level in institutions

of higher education, by length and type of curriculum and by sex of recipient: United States and outlying areas, 1969-70

- Curriculum

All awards Awards based on organized occupalitinal

curriculums otAl least 2 yea s

bu less than 4 years

At least 1 year

but less than 2 years

Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men women

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 All curriculums 124,327 65,766 58,561 102,119 58.425 43,694 . 22.2011 7,341 14,867 Science. and engineering-related curriculums 61,271 34,994 26.277 47,531 29,963 17,568 13,7411 5,031 1,109

Engineering-related curriculums.. 28,959 28.648 311 24.413 24.126 26.1 4,546 4,522 24 Aeronautical toehnblogY. 1.612 1,652 20 1.137 1,117 20 535 535 Architectural or building technology 2.656 2,603 53 2,446 2,399 41 210 204 6 Chemical technology 555 484 72 553 481 72 3 3 Civil technology 1.537 1,530 7. 1.514 1,507 7 23 23 .... Electrical or Mechanics technology 6.784 8,756 28 7,866 7.1158 28 898 898 ---

Industrial technology 1,755 1,133 22 1,386 1,365 21, 369 368 1

InstrUmenlalion technology 227 '226 1 179 178 48 -48 . . _.. Mechanical technology 9,391 9,322 69 7,377 7,321 56 2,014 2,001 - 13 Metallurgical technology 316 314 2 293 291 2 . 23 23 - Nuclear technology 38 35 3 38 35 3 AU other engineeringrelate4 curriculums. 2,027 1,993 34 1,604 1.574 30 423 419 4 Science-related curriculums 3,907 3.622 285 3.683 A 3,414 269 224 208 4

Agriculture 2.596 2,359 237 2,497 2,276 221 99 83 16 Forestry 727 726 1 642 641 1 85 85 - -- All other science-related curriculums.- 584 537 47 544 497 47 40 40 Health service curricubims 26.778 1,622 25,156 17,922 1.413 16,509 8,856 209 8.647 Dental assislant 1.663 4 1,659 508 2 506 1,155 2 1,153 Dental hygiene a Dental laboratory assistant 2.229 362

12

127 2,217 - 235

2,211 220 12

126 2.199

94

IS

142 18

141 SO edicat or biological laboratory technician 970 860 880 750 152 598 220 212 Medical X-ray lechnkian 647 155 492 599 144 455 48 II 37 Nursing, practical

horsing, associate degree or diploma

program

6.102

11.730

90

462 6,01211,268

126 1)05

2 459

124 11.146 5.916

125 883

-5,888

122 Occupational Iherapy assistant 166 - 22 144 136 21 115 30 1 29 Surgical technician 133 21 112 37 16 21 96 91 ' All other health service curriculums 2,776 569 2,267 1,730 479 1,251 1,046 90 956 Scientific data processing curriculums..- 1,627 1.102 525 1.513 1,010 503 114 92 22 Non- science and ponlogineerintrelated

curriculum 63,056 30,772 32,284 52,588 28.462 26.126 8.4611 2.310 - 6.158 Busineds and commerce-related curriculums. 46.431 22.045 24,386 38.028 20,773 19,255 6.403 1,272 5,131 General business. business administration 14,666 11.194 3,472 12,240 10.949 3.291 426 245 181 Accounting 4,824 3,436 1,388 4,290 3,155 1,135 534 281 253 Business data processing 4,860 3,227 1.633 4,199 2,894 1,305 661 333 328 Marketing. distributive education 4041 2.560 1,488 3.765 2,406 1,359 283 154 123 Secretarial studies 15,388 131 15,257 11,510 93 11,417 3,878 38 3,840 All other business. and commerce-related

curriculums 2,645 1,497 1,148' 2024 , 1,276 148 621 221 400 All other noscionce. and nontengineeiing

relaled curriculums 161625 8.727 7,898 14,560 7,689 6.871 2,065 1,038 1,027 Bible study. religious work 642 375 267 618 360 sa 24 15 9 Education 3,218 602 2,616 2.916 583 2,333 302 19 283 Fine, applied, or graphic arts 4,249 2,121 2,128 4,061 1,974 2,093 182 147 35 Nome economics 841 95 746 783 89 694 58 6 52 Library assistant or technical aide 313 15' 298 224 14 210 as 1 88 Police technology, law enforcement 4,084 3,844 240 3,551 3,331 220 533 513 20 Other 3,278 1,675 1,603 2,401 1,338 1.063 877 337 540 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Heallh, Education, and Welfare, btfice of Education, "Associate Degrees and Other Fe mat Awards Below the Baccalaureate. 1969.70."

106

.
Table 122..Associate degrees conferred by Institutions of higher education, by sex of student and by type of degree:

United States, 1969-66 to 1969-70

Sex of seeded and type of degree 196546 1966-67 1967.68 196849 1969-70

1 2 3 4 5 6 Alt associate degrees. N_ 111,607 139,183 159,441 183,279 206,023 Men 63,779 78.356 90,317 105,661 117,432 Women. 47,826 60,827 69,124 77.618 88.591

. . Associate in arts 72.034 18.785 101,269 113.709 127.903 Men 39.132 47.984 54,472 62,452 70.113 Women 32,902 40.801 46)97 51,257 57.790 Associate in science 18.928 25.801 31,146 36.454 40.743 Men 11,472 15,434 19,252 22,922 24.746 Women 7,456 10.367 11.894 13,532 15.995 0

Ali other associate degrees 20,645 24,597 27.026 33,116. 37,377 Men 13,175 14,938 16,513 20,287 22,571 Women 7,470 9,659 10,433 12,829 14,606

NOTE. Associate degrees are based on at lead 2 but less than 4 years of work SOURCE: U.S. Oepertment of Health, Educat on, and Welfare, Office of Education,

beyond high school. Since 196546, respopdents have beep asked to report only circulars on "Associate Degrees and Other FINM8i Awards Below the Batdigress which are based on at least 2 years of work that is wholly or chiefly credit- calaureate." able toward a bachelor's degree.

.

107

:,
Table 123.- Current -fund revenue of institutions of higher education, by control of institution and by source of revenue:

United States, 1969-70

[Amounts in thousands of dollars) Source Current-fund revenue, by control of institution

Public and private Public Private Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent 1 2 3 4 S s 1 TOW-Current-fund revenue 521,515,242 100.0 313,768,424 100.0 37,746,618 100.0 Educational and general revenue 36.486,177 76.6 10,933,592 79.4 5,552,585 .71.7

Tuition and fees from students 4.419,845 20.5 1,734.997 12.6 2,684,848 34.7 Federal Government 2582,344 12.5 _ 1,691.821 22.3 990.562 12.0

.

. Unrestricted appreprialions 511,315 2.4 417,499 3.0 93.856 1.2 For sponsored research -1,483,910 6.9 789,856 5.7 694.053 9.0

ter other sponsored programs 687,159 3.2 424.506 3.5 202,653 2.6 State governments 5.787,910 26.9 5,694,545 41.3 103,365 1.3 Unrestricted appropriations 5517,849 261 5.532,090 40.2 85,759 1.1 For sponsored research 87,015 , .4 76,735 .6 10,280 .1 For other sponsored programs 83.046 ..4 75,720 .5 7,326 .1 Local governments 774,803 3.6 714,766 52 60,036 .8 Unrestricted appropriations 722,063 3.4 699,831 5.1 22,231 .3 For sponsored research

For other sponsored programs

13,924

38,816

.1

.2 4,561

10,374

el*I 9,363

28,442

.1

.4 Endowment earnings 447275 - 2.1 .57,080 .4 390,195 5.0 Private gifts and grants 1,001,453 4.7 262.485 1.9 738.969 9.5 Unrestricted gifts 616,212 2.9 58,234 .4 557,974 7.2 Philanthropic, research 74,012 .3 19,301 .1 54,710 .7 Other grants, research 181,866 .8 106,727 .8 75,140 1.0 Philanthropic. ether programs 23.781 .1 11.401 .1 15,380 .2

rl Other grants, other programs 105,582 .5 69.822 .5 35.760 '.5 Recovery of indirect costs 336,719 1.6 164,948 1.2 171,772 2.2

276.783 1.3 123,354 .9 148,428

I- For sponsored research 1,9

For other sponsored programs 59,937 .3 36.593 .3 23,343 .3 Other educational and general revenve 1,035,788 4.8 622,950 4.5 412.838 53

Auxiliary enterprise revenue

1M

. 2,900,390 13.5 1,727.526 12.5 1,172,864 15.1 Student aid grants 658,016 3.1 34904 2.5 308.922 4/1 Federal Government 342.464 15 207,922 1.5 134,542 L7 State governments 85,716 .4 64,161 .5 21.555 .3 Local governments 3,359 () 3,44) (I) 310 (I)

Private gilts and grants 127,965 .6 5301 .4 74.723 1.0 Endowment earnings 68.763 .3 12,354 .1 56,409 .7 Other stedesit aid grants 29.729 .1 8,346 .1 21.382 .3

Major service programs 1,470,640 6.8 754,412 5.5 712248 92

-Federally handed R.10. Centers 748.498 3.6 321,048 2.3 447,454 5,8

Hospitals 619,578 2.9 368,318 2.7 251,260 3.2 Other major service programs 82,583 .4 69,046 .5 13,537 .2

t Less than 0.115 percent.

110110-Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department et Health. Education, and Welfare. Mee of Education, "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education, 1969-70r

o"

108
Table 124.-Current-fund revenue of institutions. of higher education from State and local governments related to

total current-fund revenue, by control 01 Institution and by State: 196849

State

Publicly controlled

institutions+ Privately controlled, institutions Amount (in

thousands of dollars) Percent of total current fund

revenue

Amount On

thousands of dollars) Percent of total current-fund

revenue

2 3 4 5 United States. I 55,369,033 46.2 5129,856 1.8 Alabama 60,121 32.9 617 1:4 Alaska 12,056 43.8 64 Z.5 Arizona 65.995 45.8 Arkansas 39.376 42.4 30 1 California... 902.342 52.6 1,134 .3 Colorado 73,226 33.4 255 Connecticut 61,030 60.3 1,675 Delaware 14,690 37.3 District 01 Columbia 3,817 51.5 231 .1 Florida 183,725 56.0 2,647 2.2 Georgia 99,977 48.1 501 .5 Hawaii 30,235 40.6 It .2

Idaho 19,702 45.8

Illinois 330,121 58.2 6,199 1.3

Indiana 147,017 40.3, 750 .6

Iowa 93,102 41.9 50 Kansas 72,246 40.7 15 (I)

Kentucky 89,743 47.2 396 .8

Louisiana 101,646 55.0 231 .3 Maine 17,832 43.0 27 .1 c- Maryland 86,025 45.3 1,599 1.0 Massachusetts 80,141 60.2 1,741 .2 Michigan 271.102 37.7 12 Minnesota 99,374 36.2 159 .2 Mississippi 50,661 37.1 Missouri 120,457 51.6 502 .3 Montana 23,732 45.2 Nebraska 32,025 31.2 Nevada 12,681 45.0 New Hampshire 12,085 32.4 New Jersey 106.574 51.0 547 .3 New Mexico 31,916 34.5 3 (5) New York 496,065 72.7 76,010 5.8 North Carolina 99,257 36.5 207 .1 North Dakota 19,193 33.4 Ohio 173,528 32.7 253 .t Oklahoma 48,509 27.5 19 Oregon 65,959 35.8 77 .2 Pennsylvania 202,590 43.9 30,944 5.4 Rhode Island 23,168 53.9 200 .4 South Carolina 47,936 42.3 109 .3 South Dakota 16,339 31.7 Tennessee .74,210 44.9 264 .2 Texas 253,338 47.8 693 A

Utah 37,650 33.0 138 .2 Vermont 10,467 31.1 50 .2 Virginia 89,861 37.0 Washington 135,898 46.8 West Virginia 51,456 512 5 (8) Wisconsin 183,221 42.4 233 .3 Wyoming 15,559 41.4 Excludes U.S. Service Schools. 1 Less than 0.05 percent.

NOTE.- Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

-.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health$Slocation,.andWelfare, Office of Education, "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education, Current Funds Revenues and..

Expenditures, 1968-69."

109
Table in.Current-fund revenue of institutions of higher education, by control of institution and by State: 1967-68 and 1968-69

'Amounts in thousands of dollars) State

lotal

1967.68 Public Private

A _ fatal 5

196E469 Public ___ . _. 6 Private ._ .

7

Percent 1967-68 Taal 8

clan;

to 196 Public

9

e, -69Private - -- - - - 1 2 3 10 United States 316,825.198 310,3. ,069 36,4133,129 316L8/4 601 311,769,365 $7,105.237 12 14 . _

10 Alabas 205.385 166.168 39,217 225,718 182,720 42,997 10 _1

10 10 Alaska ...... 24.629 22,621 2.208 30.109 27,500 2.608 21 22 18 Arizona 134,992 131,153 3,839 148214 144.174 4,041 19 10 S Arkansas 99,222 80.795 18,427 113,111 92.785 21.026 15 15 14 California 2,116,880 1,504,569 642,311 -4354.770 1.714.959 639,811 10 14 c'S Colorado 232,561 190.976 41,585 264.514 219,180 45,335 14 15 9 Connecticut Delaware

258,790

33,677

87,576

29,037

171,214 4,640288674

44,605

101,216 39.427

187,459 5,178

12 32

16as 9

12 District of Columbia 187 "3 1,886 185.358 210,567 7.409 203,159 12 293 10 Florida 365,766 259,193 106,574 450,350 328.281 122.069 23 27 15 Georgia 273,960 181.143 92,816 317.221 207.988 109.231 16 15 18 Hawaii 71214 66.800 4,414 80.078 74.525 5.553 )2 12 26

Idaho 48.962 40,685 8,267 51,862 43,058 8,804 6 6 6

Illinois 990.939 503,635 487,303 1,097.496 567,309 530.185 11 13 9

Indiana 459.381 331,053 125,327 501.561 365.226 136,336 9 9 9

Iowa. 288,094 203,323 84)71 313.908 222.192 91.716 9 9 8 Kansas 191.095 162.512 28,582 208,660 177,385 31,276 9 9 9 Kentucky -, 205.464 160,349 45.114 239.898 190,036 49,862 17 19 11 Louisiana 232,325 173,855 58.470 250.992 184426 66,166 8 6 13 Maine , 61,201 36.547 24,655 69.879 41,464 28.415 11 13 15 Maryland. 3264032 170.038 155.994 354,458 189.949 161,509 9 12 5 Massachusetts 861,045 121,557 739,488 930,091 133.034 797,057 8 9 8 Michigan 751.505 651.635 99.870 827.201 713.795 108.406 10 10 9 Minnesota 324,925 252,330 72.596 355,625 274,373 81,252 9 9 12 Mississippi 132,740 117,320 15.420 154.093 136.467 17.631 16 16 14 Missouri, Montana

362.611 50.825

199.454 46.204 163.156 4.561

411,509 57,418 233,312

52.455

178,198 4,962

13

13

1713

9

8 Nebraska 123,183 88.179 34,705 143,992 102,678 41.314 17 16 19 Nevada. New Hampshire.

25,070

81,756 25,070

35,220 46,537

28,177

89,857

28,177 37,353 52,50412

10

126 ii

New Jersey 320,169 159.690 160,479 381,556 208,814 172,742 19 31 a New Mexico 89,253 84.938 4,315 98,804 92,666 6,138 11 9 42 New York 1,730272 582,744 1,117,528 1,999.349 682.573 1,316,776 16 17 15 North Carolina 392,194 231,756 160.438 455,142 271.900 183,24 3 16 17 14 North Dakota 56,577 54,030 2,546 60.399 57.506 2,893 7 6 14 Ohio 698,385 460,320 238.065 794.646 530.026 264.619 14 15 11 Oklahoma 189.127 164.151 24,975 205.362 176.382 21.980 9 7 16 Oregon 199,115 167,089 32.027 218,577 183.994 34,583 10 10 8 Pennsylvania 915,435 396,805 518,630 1,029,285 461,099 568.186 12 16 10 Rhode Island 89,111 35,960 53,154 99,196 43,013 56,183 11 20 6 South Carolina South Dike' 135.424 62,049

97,539

50,103

37,884

11,946 153,680 64,809 113250

51.582 10,430

13,227

13

4

1637

11 Tennessee 275.388 147,216 128.172 306,209 165,261 140,948 11 12 10 Texas. 626238 454,798 171,440 719,182 530,363 188.819 15 17 10 Utah ......... ...... 149,369 101,062 48.307 170,092 111,201 35,888 lit 13 16 Vermont 58,391 *326 28.065 64,648 33,660 30,988 11 11 10 Virginia 272,116 203,309 68,838 317.238 242.697 74,542 17 S9 8 Washington.

West Virginia

295.021

111,933

254.923 90.390

40.098

21.544

3311.443 123,411 290,244

100.449 41,19922.963

12 1014

11 37 Wisconsin 409.848 332,609 77,240 469,507 384.677 84,829 15 116 10 Wyoming 31,717 311,717 ..... 37,549 37,549 .... Hi 18 U.S. Service Schools 166.361 166,361 159,201 159,204 4 it

.0=1 Outlyingareas 85,222 69,986 15,236 99,719 82,173 17,546 17 17 15 Canal Zone 937 937 937 937 0 0 Guam

Puerto Rico Virgin Islands

2,120 78,600 3.5652.120

63.364

3,565

lliiii 2,544

92,720

3,518

2,544

75,174 3,518 Iiiii, 20

18 --I

20

19 115

r The decrease was less than 0.5 percent. NOTE. Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, ElKice of Education, "Financial Stalistics of Institulons of Higher Education, Cunard Funds Revenues and

11900044)192,1967-68 end 196818:'

110
-Table 126e-income of institutions of higher education: United.States,1419-20 to 1969-70

(In thousands of dollars)

llem 1919.20 1929.30 1939.40 1949-50 1959.60 1963.64 196566 1967.64 1968.69 196970 1- 2 3 n 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Current-fund income 3199,922 3554,511 3715,211 $2,374,645 35,785,537 39,543,514 312,734,225 316,825,198 318,874,601 $21,515,242

Educational and general 172,929 483,065 5:1,288 1.833,845 4.684,352 7.788,446 10285.252 13,845,598 14.329,924 16.486,177 Student tuition and fees' 42.255 144.126 200.897 394,610 1.157,482 1,892.839 2.669,699 3,380,294 3,814,160 4,419,845 Federal Government: Veterans' trillion and fees' 307,325 3,422 ... _... .... ...

, ..... Research; PI P1 (') (1) 827,263 1,795,710 1 Other purposes 12.783 20,658 38,660 216,994 206,306 364.179 i 2.653,776 3344.240 2.504,501 2,682,3B4

Stalkgovernments4 s61,690 x150.847 151,222 491,636 1,374.476 2.110.981 2,981.314 4.181.070 4,812,482 5,787,910

Local governments rry tv) 24,392 61,700 151.715 239,851 316,453 503,661 614.462 774,803

Endowment earnings.. 26,482 68,605 71,304 96,341 206.619 266,157 316.231 363.990 413,276 447,275

Private gifts and grants 7,584 26,172 40,453 118/47 382.569 550.684 640,744 848,450 915,909 1.001.454 Related activities- (') t') 32.777 111,987 244.872 363,220 689,821 421,301 484,977 Sales and services of educalional . departments ('7 ('7 (;) (s) 45:423 64,742 704.036 118,618 127,461 127,800 Other educational and general 22,135 72,657 11,383 34.625 88.207 139.082 411,455 706,378 759,730

Auxiliary enterprises 26,993 60,149 143,923 511.265 1,004,283 1,606.974 2.139,117 2,481,670 2,690.698 2.900,390

Student-aid income; (3) (1) (3) 16.288 92,902 148,093 309.855 497,930 571,536 658.016 Mu current incense 11.027 .... 13,247 ... - ____ .... ____ g 1,282,438 11,470,660

Plant-fund receipts 19,294 82,078 66,209 528,747 1,308,506 2,532,044 3,483.706 (1) (1) I') Federal Government -- .

22,987 12,358 57,599 134,215 332,473 ... ___ ____ Slale governments 11 294 30,621 18,404 283.920 319,513 630,473 738,328 __._ -. _.- .--- Local governments } t 2,154 19,373 36,304 62,694 .80,666 .... ____ ____ Private gifts end grants 7.900 51.457 22,663 72,620 196.408 314.556 365,910 ____ -__ - -. Loans-noninslitulional sources P) P) PI f') 361,112 744,306 1,512,787 _ ---- ---- Loans-inslitulional sources Transfers from other funds Miscellaneous receipts

(3)

(5) P1

(1)

(0)

(5)

()

V/

(')

(')

60,582

79,894

31.873 228,576

77,122

64.121 422,573

158,966 77.556

375,986

. _ ----

-__ " Other fund receipts P1 re) 44,518 16116.932 498,950 629,371 815,702 P1 P) ('7

Private gills and grants 50,907 63,512 36,376 66,850 209.146 308,592 327,072 - .. --.. -.. Other. sources (+) (1) 8,142 50,082 289,804 320,779 488,630 ..... ____ ....

. Nei Increase in principal of funds (p) (') (°) (4) 419,310 483,936 662,576 (0) (11 367,978

Endowment fundsli ' --. 375.178 444,669 662,676 ---- ---. 367,978

Annuity funds __ . _ 11,854 25,350 (*) - -__. ('1 Student Man funds .... ____ 32,279 13,915 ('7 ____ --. P1 Tuition and fees received hem veterans under Public Law 550 are reported

under strident fees and not under income trom the Federal Government.

income from the Federal Government for research at agricultural experiment stations administered by land -grant inslitutions is included ceder Federal Govern.

meet "other purposes," not under "research."

I Oals not separately collected.

Includes Federal aid received through State channels and regional compacts.

6 Income from State and local governments tabulated under Stale.

Beginning in 1967-68, the private grants represent nongovernmental revenue for

sponsored research and other sponsored programs.

;Specifically designated or earmarked tends.

111

0 Maier pub9c service. programs previously reported 'n Federal Government research, in related activities, and In other items of edo alien and general revenue. Oats not collected. -

'0 Dom not include interfund transfers,

11 Includes funds functioning as endowmenl. Increase calculated on book value.

NOTE--Beginning in 195940. data are for 50 States and the District of Columbia;

data for earlier years aro for 48 Stales and the District of Columbia. Be arse of

rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Olfice of Education,

surveys of 'Financial Slalistics of Institutions of Higher Education."
Table M.-Private gifts emigrants to Institutions of higher education, by control of institution: United States, 1959-60 to 1969.70

(Amounts in thousands of dollars)

Control of institution and purpose of private gift and grant 1959.60

. (961-621 1963.64 1965.66 1467.68 1969.70

1 2 . 3 4 5 6 7 GIFTS AND GRANTS To ALL INSTITUTIONS Of HIGHER EDUCATION

Educational and general funds a $382,569

. $459,145 5550.684 $640,744

. $848,450

- $1,001,455

As percent of total educational and general revenue 8.2 73 7,1 6.2 6.1 61

Research, Included in educational and general funds= - 87274 93.876 123,784 152,805 213,754 255,878

Sludent-aid funds 45,475 57,000 65,121 86,476 103.012 127,984 As percent of total student -ald revenuer 48.9 48.3 44.0 V.9 20,7 19.4 Plant funds . 196,408 226,496 314.556 385,910 (1) I')

As percent of total ptantfund interne' 28.6 23.8 24,2 19,3 Real property, appraised value 24,187 49,867 42,397 72,921 69,132 PI

All percent of Mess additions to piaci assets 1,8 3.0 1.7 2.3 1.7 Endowment funds 187,527 230,074 269,463 282,173 (0) PI

As-percent of total endowment income applied le educational and general revenue and to student-akl revenue 811 sel 89.3 79.7 (6) 161 Annuity and living trust funds .16,900 19,846 30.294 34.493 14) (') Student lean fonds 5,619 8,468 8.835 10,406 I') (4) . GIFTS AND GRANTS TO PUBLICLY CONTROLLER INSTITUTIONS

. Educational and general fund; a 85,232 98,148 113,632 156,378 215,592 262,485

As percent .0 total educational and general revenue 3.2 2.4 - 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.4 Research, Included in educational and general funds= 37,727 43,376 60,842 81,491 - 111,088 126,028

Studentaid (mils 27,245 21,562 23,492 30.762 40,197 53,261 As percent of total student-aid revenuer 42.5 42.2 ;17,4 22.4 15.5 15.3 Plant funds 19,800 18.084 30,807 44,518 (0) (')

As a percentage of total plantfund income' 1.2 2.7 3.3 3.3 Real property, appraised value 9,831 26,557 15,442 28,847 34.718 (*)

As paced of tress addilions to plant assets 1.3 2.7 1.1 1.5 1.3 Endowment lends 17.173 25,398 34,773 48,724 46/ (6)

As percent of total eno.ownient income applied to educational and general revenue

and to studenlaid revenue. 75.2 95.8 103.9 130.8 (4) (s)

Annuity and living trust funds 57 641 450 2,559 4') (0)

Student loan funds 1.570 3,268. 4.184 2,993 (a) (0) GIFTS ANO GRANTS TO PRIVATELY CONTROLLED INSTITUTIONS - . Edecalional and general funds' 297,337 352.998 437,052 485.365 632,857 738,970

As percent of total educational and general revenue 14.7 13.2 12.7 11.3 122 13.3 Research, included in educational and general hinds i 49,546 . 50,500 62,943 71.313 102,666 129,850

Student-aid funds 28,230 35,438 41,629 56.714 62,815 74,723

As percent of total student-aid revenge* 54.0 52.9 48.8 32.3 26.3 242 - Rent funds 176,608 208.412 283,7411 321,392 (6) (4)

As percent of lotal plant-fund income 82.1 75.9 78.0 58.3 Real property, appraised value 24,355 23,309 26,455 44,074 34,414 ('1

As percent of gross additions M plant assets 2.6 3.4 2.8 3.9 2.5 Endowment funds . 204,676, 234,690 233,450 (0) . (6)

As percent of total endowment income applied to educational and general revenue . and to student-aid revenue 82.6 87.3 87.5 73.7 (0) (6)

Annuity and living trust funds 15,943 19,206 29,844 31,934 (6) I (a) Student loan lands 4,049 5,200 4,651 7.413 (0) i ( *) Data to 1967-68 and 1969-70 Include separately reported revenue from nongovernmental sources for sponsored research and other sponsored programs.

Data for 1957-68 and 1969.70 were reported as revenue from nongovernmental

sources tor sponsored research.

Excludes revenue for student work assignments and student loans.

112

4 Excludes transfers and loans. Data not collected. SOURCE: U.S. Department Of Health, Education, and Welfare, Mice of Education,

surveys of "finandal Statistics of institutions of Higher Education.
Table 128.Estimated tuition and fees, and room and beard rates, in Institutions of higher education, by type and control

of institution: United States, 196344 to 1973.14

Year and control oI institution

Tuition and required fees Board rates . Charces for dormitory rooms

All

instillslions Univer sities Other 4-year

institutions

2.year

institutions

All

instilutines Univer- silies Other 4-year

instilulions

2-year

instilulions

.811

loslitu

lions

Univer silica Other 4-year

inslitu.

lions

2-year

insiitulions

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a 9 10 11 12 13 1963-64: Public $234 $281 $215. $97 $435 1 6468 $399 $361 .i257 $277 $232 1172

Private. 1,012 1,216 935 642 417 516 475 427 316 373 290 244 1968-69: Public 295 377 281 170 485 509 464 435 337 358 318 278 Private 1,383 1,638 1,335 956 534 572 520 529 404 463 362 . 391

1973-74: _ Public 412 552 403 261 600 636 568 546 480 511 469, 426 Private 2,044 2,412 2,008 1,507 659 711 638 606 578 665 551 611 NOTE.Dala orator the entire academic year and are ave age charges per full-lime SOURCE: Esrmated from Office of Education surveys of "Higher Education Basic

resident degree-credit student, They have not beep adjusted for changes in the Student Charges" and "Opening Fall Enrollment in Higher Education."

purchasing power of the dolbr.

Table 129..Basic student charges by institutions of higher education for tuition and

fees, room, and board, by control and type of institution:

United States and outlying arias, 196849

. Type of charge and

type of institution

ChergeS to lull-time uncle graduate- students Publicly controlled

institutions Privately

controlled Resident institutions

students Nonresident students

1 2 3 4 Tuition and fees, room, and board: Universities ;1.,245 61,816 $2,673

Other 4-year institutions 1,063 1,424 2,237 2-year Institutions 883 1,167 1,876 Tuition and required lees: Universities 377 . 948 1.638 Other 4-year Institutions 281 . 642 1,335 2-year institutions 170 454 956 Room charges: Universities 359 359 463 Other 4-year Institutions 318 318 382 2-year institutions 278 278 391 Board charges: Universities 509 509 572 Other 4-year institutions 464 464 520 2 -year Institutions 435 435 529 NOTE.The averages shown are for the entire aca- SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Edudation, and

demic year. In the computation of these averages the Welfare, Nice of Education, "Higher Education Basic

data from each institution were weighted by the number

of full-lime undergraduate degree-credit students in

the institution.

Student Charges, t96819."

113
Table 130.-Current-fund expenditures of Institutions of higher education, by control and by purpose: United States, 1969-70

(Amounts in thousands of dollars(

Purpose

Current-lund expenditures, by control of institution

Public end private Public Piiva e Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent 2 4 5 6 7

_ Total currentiund expenditures 321,043,113 100.0 $13.249,545 100.0 $7.793,567 1.00.0

1.. Educational end general expenditures 15.788,699 75.0 10,374.191 78.3 5.414,507 69.5 General administration and general expense , ' 2,627,993 12.5 1,536.243 11.6 1,091.750 14.0

Instruction and departmental research 6,883,844 32.7 4,731,644 35.7 2,152,201 27.6 Extension and public services 621,148 2.5. 476.079 3.6 45,069 0.6 Libraries 652.596 3.1 414,975 3.1 237.621 3.0 Plant operation and maintenance 1,541.698 7.3 1,000,095 7,5 541.603 6.9 Sponsored activities other than research 769.253 3.7 510,091 4D 234,162 3.1 Sponsored research 1,842,417 8,8 999,135 7.5 843282 10.8 Other separately budgeted research 301,659 1.4 272,000 2.1 29.659 0.4 Related organised activities 648.089 3.1 413,929 3.1 234,160 3.0 Auxiliary enterprises 2,769,276 13.2 1,624298 12.3 1,144,878 14.7 Student-aid grants 984.594 4.7 456,977 3,4 527.617 6.8 Major public service programs 1,500.544 7.1 793,900 6D 706.564 9.1 Federally funded R./1). centers' 757,388 3.6 320,351 2.4 437,037 5.6 Hospitals: 671,236 . 3.2 415,082 3.1 256.154 3.3 Other major public service programs: 71.919 0.3 58,547 0.4 13,372 0.2

: Before 1968-69. these data were included with sponsored research under educational and general expenditures.

: Before 1968-69,these data were Included with educational and general items,

114

NOTE.-Because of rounding, detail may not add o totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health. Education,. and Welfare, Office of Education,

"financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education, 1969.70."

i
Table 1310-Current-fund expenditures of institutions of higher education, by control and by State: 1967-68 and 1968-69

[Amounts in thousands of dollars! State

1967-68 1968-69 Percent ckange, 1967-68 to 1968.69

Iota) Public Nivel, Total Pubik Private Total Public Private

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a 9 10 Wilted States $16,430986 $10,031,889 16,448,899 832,481.583 $11,432,819 57,048,764 12 14 9 Alabama 200,889 161,563 39.306 221.660 179,208 42452 II 11 9 Alaska 23,912 21,648 2,264 27,127 24,370 2,748 13 13 21 Arizona 128.890 124,372 4,511- 141.323 137,263 4,061 10 10 -10

Arkansas 96,644 79,529 17.114 107,151 87.460 19,692 tt 10 35 California 2,099,300 1,43,269 660,031 2,278,680 1,645,199 633,490 9 13 -1

Colorado 227,135 185.364 41,772 258.726 214,006 44,719 14 15 7. Connecticut 252.118 91.554 170,564 284,540 95.980 188,560 13 18 11 Delaware... 32,246 27,860 4,386 40,520 35.526 4,994 26 28 14 District ot Columbia 185.903 1,834 184,068 209,695 7,205 202,490 33 283 30 Florida 353,699 249101 104,348 428,615 310,221 118,394 21 24 13 Georgia 272,648 182.981 89,667 309,694 204,530 105,164 14 12 17 Hawaii 71,116 66,623 4,494 79,425 73,775 5.650 12 11 26

Idaho 46.898 38.908 :7,990 52.078 43,486 8,592 11 12 8

Illinois 963.268 477,687 485,381 1988,271 560,727 527,515 33 17 9

Indiana . 447.428 - 322,554 . 124,874 493,192 355,195 137,997 10 10 11

Iowa 280.570 195,969 84,601 309,367 218,264 91,083 10 11 8 Kansas 185,562 157,759 27,803 203,662 171606 32,056 10 9 15 Kentucky 200958 155,770 ' 44.289 228,282 179.962 48,320 14 16 9 Louisiana 230,991 171.261 59,730 245,927 178,431 67,496 $ 4 13 Mese 59.426 35,162 24,264 69,166 40,859 28,306 16 16 17 Maryland 318,842 163,630 155,203 347,661 183.431 164,251 9 12 6 Massachusetts 846,686 109,781 736,905 910,881 124,048 786,833 8 13 7 Michigan 742,316 643.994 98,322 825,621 718,602 107,020 11 12 9 Minnesota 318,274 246,809 71,465 346,569 265,814 80.756 9 8 13 Mississippi 130,914 115,554 15,359 153,794 135,614 . 18,179 17 17 19 Missouri 346.740 187,957 158,783 393.976 220,230 173,767 14 17 9 , Montano 48,308 43.666 4,642 54,922 49,838 5,084 14 14 10 Nebraska 120,636 86,105 34,532 143,030 101,964 41,066 19 18 19 Nevada 26,992 26,992 27,376 27.376 1 1 NewNampshire 80,522 34,519 46963 87,916 37,201 50,715 9 8 10 New Jersey 302,504 148,015 154,489 364.438 195,241 168,197 20 . 33 9 New Mexico 87,931 83,462 4,469 95,763 99,782 5,981 9 a 34 New York 1,727.667 575.611 1.152,056 2,003,238 695,217 1,318,023 16 19 14 north Carolina 381,452 223.307 158,145 439,465 251,769 177.697 15 17 12 North Dakota Dhio ' 51,466 686.116 48,907

449,622

2,559

236,493

57,910

771,193

54,943 511.821

2,966 259.37213

12

12

14 16.

ID

Dirfahoma 185,739 . 160,319 25.421 204,940 176,349 28,593 10 ID 12 Dragon 197,282 165,168 32.114 217,144 182,050 35.095 10 10 9 Pennsylvania 904950 399,087 514,963 1,024,195 461.521 562,674 13 19 - 9 Rhode Island 88,670 36.434 52.236 1100.840 43,651 57,189 14 20 9 South Carolina 131,331 94,143 37,190 152,148 111,379 40,768 16 18 10 South 065015 59,043 46,930 12.113 64,363 50,560 13,933 9 8 14 Tennessee 269,431 140,881 128,550 302,646 159,911 142,735 12 t4' 13

revs 599,401 426,776 372,625 583,206 493,840 189,367 14 16 ID

flab 146,098 98,900 47,198 163,396 112.456 50,941 12 14 8

ferment , 57,429 29,616 . 27,813 63,539 33,351 111 13 i

Virginia. 269,978 202,594 67,384 310,112 238,314

30238

71,796 15 18 7 Washington 283,410 243,194 40,216 , 328.672 286.332 42,339 16 18 5 alert Virginia 107.640 86,579 21,061 116,893 94,027 22,866 9 9 9 Wisconsin 408,694 329,572 . 79,122 457.010 370,553 86,457 12 12 9 Wyoming. 29,013 29,013 ____ 32993 32,993 ____ 14 34 .. U.S. Seryke Schools 167,620 167.620 . ____ 158.378 158,378 ---- .. -6 -6 -- Outlying areas 85,122 70,956 14,167 97,189 60,012 17.179 14 13 21 Caaal Zone . 937 937 ____ 930 937 0 _- Guam 1,934 1934 2,321 2,321 _ 20 20 Puerto Rico 77,903 63,736' liiii 90,564 73,386 17578 16 15 it

Virgin Islands 4,348 1,341 ____ 3,366 3,366 ..._ -23 -23 __ NOTE-Because of rounding, detail nay not add to totals.

SOURCE: O.S. Department of Ifeafth, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Financial Statistics of Institutions of either Education, Current Funds Revenues and

Expenditures,1967.68 and 1968.69 :'

115
Table 132.-Personal income, 1968, related to educational and general expenditures for higher education and to educational

and general funds received from State and local governments, by State: 196849

State Personal

income. 1968

(millions of dollars)

Edocational and general

expenditures for higher education. 1968291 Educational and general funds from State and local governments. 1968.69 Amount (thousands of dollars) Percent of personal income

. Amount (thousands of dollars) Percent of personal income

1 2 3 4 5 6

United States. 1634.442 513.681,795 2.00 55,426,944 0.74 Alabama 8,328 174,600 2.10 60,555 .73 Alaska 1,119 23,786 2.13 12,124 1.08 Arizona 5,044 111,391- 221 65.648 1.50 Arkansas . 4,590 74,373 1.62 39,222 .85 California 76,900 1,596,628 2.08 901,912 1.17 Colorado 6.853 194,253 2.83 72,790 '1.06 Connecilcut 12,741 224,070 1.76 62,220 .49 Delaware 2,048 31,4,99 124 11,395 .70 District of Columbia 3,524 141,252 4.01 3,910 .11 Florida 19.820 358,772 1.81 184,325 .93 Georgia 12,781 229,574 1.81) 100.218 .78' Hawaii 2.710 72.352 2.67 30,246 132

Idaho 1,386 36,921 1.96 - 19,362 1.03

Illisois 43,712 789,210 121 330,240 .76

Indiana 17,297 353,686 2.04 145,988 .84

Iowa Kansas .. 9.123 7,520233,315

151.496 2.56

2.01 93345

. 72,204 1.02.96 Kentucky 8,478 171,254 2.02 89,738 1.06 Louisiana 9,809 189.555 1.93 100,703 123 Maine 2.768 50,181 1.81 17,749 .64 Maryland 14,048 254.132 1.81 86,325 St Massachusetts 21,141 660.834 3.13 80564 .38 Michigan ,.., 32222 615.134 1.91 269,081 .84 Minnesota 12,258 272.990 2.23 99,037 .81 Mississippi 4,871 106,500 2.19 50,390 1.03 Missousi 15.048 322286 2.14 120,910 .80 Montana 2.022 41,245 221 23,496 1.16 Nebraska 4,649 106.733 2.30 31,934 .69 Nevada 1.783 24,556 1,38 12,685 .71 New Hampshire 2,300 65,274 2.84 12.074 .52 New Jersey 28,057 277.819 .99 ' 105.792 .38 New Mexico 2,650 76.368 2.88 31)77 1.20 New York 75,302 1,619.526 235 549,090 .73 North Carolina 13,636 321,105 2.35 98,966 .73 North Dakota 1,658 43,345 2.63 18,909 1.14 Ohio 36,928 545,173 1.48 173,667 .47 Oklahoma 7,200 130,638 121 48.441 .67 Oregon 6,663 148,244 2.22 66,755 .99 Pennories014 39,874 753,718 1.89 216,829 .54 Rhode Inland 3.279 77,393 2.36 23,232 .71 South Carolina 6,381 104,183 123 48,011 .75 South Dakota 1,875 45.739 2.44 16,324 27

Tennessee 10,213 232.742 2.28 74.328 .73 Texas 33247 522,773 1.57 253,383 .76 Utah , 2,880 118.413 4.11 37,473 1.30 Vermont 1,310 45.955 3.51 10,499 .80 Virginia 14,154 207,650 1.47 88,859 .63 Washington

West Virginia

.. 12,108

4,426

276,926

83,096

2.29 186

135,860 51290

1.12

1.16 VAscoasin 14.207 347,832 2.45 159.386 1.13 Wyoming 998 25,239 2.53 15,427 1.55

'Excludes U.S. Service Schools. NOTE.-Because of rounding, detail may nol add to totals.

SOURCES: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Financial Statistics of inslitutioas of Higher f.dmation, Current Funds Revenues and

Expenditures, 1968.69"; U.S. Department of Commerce, OfOce of Business Economics. "Survey of Current Business," August 1970.

116
Table 133. Expenditures of institutions of higher education , -Unitell-States, 1929-30 to 1969.70

(in thousands of dollars]

Item 192930 1939.40 1949-50 1959-60 1 1961.62 196344 1965-66 1967-68 196869 1969.70

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 CUrrent4unel expenditures 8507,142 5674,688 62,215,661 $5,601,376 $7,154,526 89,177,677 $12,509,489 $16,480,786 518,481,503 121,043,113

Educalional and general 377,903 521.999 1,706,444 4,513.208 5,768,243 7,425,063 9.951.106 13,190,420 13.834,989 15.788,499.

Generaledministration and general expense 47.633 62,827 713,070 583,224 730.429 957,512 1,251,107 1,738,946 2,277,585 2.627.993

lastrodion and departmental research... 221,598 280,248 780,994 1,793,320 2,202,443 2,801.707 13.911,377 15,653,473 16,610.455 17,653,097

Eslension and public services 24.982 35,325 86,674 205.595 244,337 297,350 438,385 597,544 468,130 521,148 Libraries 9,654 19,487 56,147 135.384 177,362 236,718 346,248 493,266 571.572 652,596 Plant operation and maintenance 60.919 69,612 225,110 469,943 564,225 686,054 844,586 1,127,290 1,337.903 1.541,638 Separately organized research 18,117 27,266 225,341 1,022,353 1.474,406 1,973.383 2,448,300 2.698,968 2,034,074 2,144,076 Related activities (2) 27,225 119,108 294,255 367,027 458,507 558,120 640,711 535.269 648,089

Other educational and general (1) (1) (1) ' 9,134

.,.........

' 8.013 ' 13.832 153,013 240.222 (1) ('7 -__-__ Auxiliary enterprises (4) 124,184 476,401 916,117 1,157,517 1,452,244 1,887,744 2,302,419 2,539,183 2,769,226 Student-aid expenditures (4) (9 (1) 177 ,050 728,765 300,370 425,524 712,425 814,755 984,594

Other current expenditures 129,239 28.514 62,816 ____ ____ .... 245,115 275,523 11.292,657 51,500,544

Gross additions to plant Value 125,106 83,765 416,831 1,314,717 1,675,122 2,437,610 3,124,631 4,095,957 V/ 4,232,526

1 Includes "other sponsored programs."

2 Data not collecled separately.

' Sales and services expenditures.

Data not tabulated separately.

"Major public service Ingram" previously reported in "separately organized

research," "extension and public services;' and "related activities:'

Includes expenditures from plant and current funds, gifts and grants of OM

assets, and increases in value due to reappraisal and other adjustments.

117

Data not collected.. NOTE.-Beginning in 1959.60, data are for 50 States and the Dislricl of Columbia;

data for earlier years are for 48 Slates and the District of Columbia. Because of

rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Metier', Office of Education,

surveys of "Financial Slatislics of Institutions of Higher Educalion!'
Table 134. Physical plant value per student in institutions

of higher education, by control and by level:

United States. 1967-68 and 1969-70 Central and level of Institution

InstitutiOns Plant value Number Enroll- meal'

Total (in

thousands of dollars). Per student

1 2 3 5

1967-68 All lestiful(ons 2,374 6,911,748 $34,586,348 34,992

1 -year instilnlions 1,588 5.393.986 31245.351 5.787 2-year institutions 786 I.512,762 3,260,997 2.156 Publicly controlled institutions 934 4,816,028 21.111,633 4,384 4-year institutions 414 3.443,975 18.415,382 5.365 2-year institutions 520 2,636,251 1,921 Privately controlled institutions 1.440

.1.372.053 2.095,720 13394.115 6,393 4-year institutions 1,174 1155,011 12,769,969 5,532 2-year institutions 266 140.749 624 746' 1,440 1969-70 All institutions 2,525 7,916,991 42,093,580 6,317 4-year institutions 1.639 5.974,666 37,546268 6284 2-year institutions 886 1,942.325 4,547,311 2,341_

Publicly controlled institutions 1.060 5,839,719 26,651,025 4.564 4-year institutions 426 4,021,396 22,786.526 5.666 2-year institutions 634 1.818,323 3.864,500 2425 Privately controlled institutions 1,465 2,077,272 15,442.554 1,434 4-year institutions 1,213 1,953.270 14,759,343 7,559

2-year institutions 252 124,002 602,812 5,506

I Total resident and extension enrollment, ful -dine and part-time, degree-credit

and non-degree-credit, fall 1967 and 1969.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education.

.surveys of "financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education."

Table 135.Endowntent funds per student in institutions of

higher education, by control and by level:

United States, 1966.67 and 1969-70

. Control and level of institution Number Enron-. mealBook value of eeduroment lends 2 Total {in

thousands of dollars) Per student

t 2 '3 4 5

1966-67 All institutions 2,329 6,319,872 $9,030,487 11,413

4 -year institutions 0,577 5$163.902 8935.476 1.765 2-year institutions 752 3.325,970 95.011 72 Publicly controlled institutions 880 4.348.917 1632,806 375 4-year institutions 403 3,159,743 1.411,751 510 2-year Institutions 477 1,189.169 21,045 18 Privately controlled institutions 1,149 2,040,955 7,397,681 3,625 4-year institutions 1,174 1.904,154 7.323.719 3.846 2-year institutions 275 136,801 73.962

. .". U...7 I ITY, -,=1.=urme. 7...,x7z.in..1., 7.1541 .....", 1969.10 Ail institutions 2,525 7,916,991 10,853,816 1.371 4-year institutions 1,639 5,974.666 10,756.004 1,800 2-year institutions. 836 1,942,325 97.812 50 PUblicly controlled institutions 1.060 5,839,719 1,874,118 321 4-year institutions 426 4,021,396 1,847,129 459 2-year institutions 634

.,:._..-. 1,818.323...._........... 26.990 --.....-aar.,,-. 15

. -__,.. Privately controlled instilutions 7,4E5 2,077,272 8,979.697 4,323

4-year Institutions 1,273 1,953,270 8,908,875 4,561 2-year institutions 252 124,002 70,822 571 3 Total resident and extension enrollment, tall -time and part-time, degree-credit

and eon-degree-credil. fall 1966 and 1969.

r Including funds functioning as endowment.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, 011ice of Education,

surveys of "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Edocation."

Table 136.Property of institutions of higher education: United States, 1919-20 to 1969.70

lin thousands of dollars)

Item 1979-20 1929.30 1939-40 1949.50 1959-60 1965-66 1966.67 1969.70

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Property value at end of year

land, buildings, and equipment

Endowment (book value)l

liabilities of plant funds

31,310,401 13,437,116 134,489,600 ' $7,401,137 , 318.893,385 335,617,407 339,343,316 ;52,947,396

741,333

569,071 2,065,0501,372,068 2,753,780' 1,735,820

4,199,964

32.601,223

13.448,548

35,444,837

26.851.273 8,766,13430,312,830

9,030,486_, 42,093,580

10,853,816

(') 4') (') ('7 1,964,306 6.011,751 1,810,113 9,381,131

1 Excludes data reported for student loan funds: $28,784,000 in 1939-40.343, 00,000

in 1949-50, and 1126,284.000 in 1959-60.

r Includes funds functioning as endowment.

3 Includes annuity funds : 349,537.000 in 1939-40, an unspecified amount in 1949-50,

and U22,757,000 in 1959-60.

Data not collected. NOTE. Because of rounding, detail may not add to tolals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Of of Education,

surveys of "Financial Statistics of Institutions of Higher Education. "
Table 137.--Student financial aid funds disbursed by institutions of higher education, by type of program, control of institution,

type of aid, and academic level of recipient: United States and outlying areas, 1966-67

{la thousands of dollarsl

Student financial aid program and

academic level of recipient

Total

Federally sponsored

Noniedmally

sponsored

(Non-Federal)

!yids

1.1.S. Ohio of Education Other deparlmento and agencies Non-Federal matching funds Federal fends Non - Federate matching tunds Federal funds

1 2 I 4 5 Publicly controlled institutions

Total, all programs $693,502 $24,504 5231,511 $1,337 559,996 5336,153

Work assignments 290,016 8,476 77,689 216 25,123 178,513 Undergraduate. 201,747 7,850 70,030 78 10,825 112,915

First-professional 4,903 49 455 373 4,027 Graduate 83,367 578 7,154 138 13,926 61,571 Graph 246.912 2.454 46,652 369 68.030 129.407 Undergraduate 149,990 2,084 27,497 154 20,505 99,749

First-professional 6.489 42 673 17 2,436 3,322 Graduate 90.434 329 18,481 198 45,099 26.336

Loans 156,573 13.574 167,171 752 6,843 28,234

Undergraduate 125.705 11,183 89,588 196 1,813 22,924

First-professional 11.485 522 4,700 519 4,996 1.050 Graduate 19,383 1.869 12,883 38 334 4,260

Privately controlled institutions

Total, all programs 5604475 $17.756 $167,160 $874 $15,034 $342,490

Work assignments 115.482 3,592 32,359 25 14,651 64.854 Undergraduate 33,766 3.326 29,731 25 1,566 49.118 First- professional 2,255 114 . 1,013 149 979 Graduate 29,461 152 1.615 12,937 14,758 Grants 342,159 3.142 35.419 51,245 252,374 Undergraduate. 224,987 3,109 21,466 9,491 190.921 Firstprofessional 19,383 30 851 6.775 11,722 Graduate 97,819 2 13.096 34,980 49,731 Loans 146,504 11.023 100.182 839 9,198 25262 Undergraduate 116,535 9.480 85,319 226 2,344 19,166* First-professional 14,955 587 5,390 501 5,545 2.063 Graduate 15,884 956 9,473 122 1,309 4,033

NOTE.7-13ecayse of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Wellare, OlOce of Education,

119

Financial Statiolics of Inslitutions of Higher Education, Sludent Financial Aid

196647."
Table M Selected data for landerant institutions on

students and finances: United States and outlying areas,

196041 and 1970-71,

Item 196041 1970-71

1 2 3 Opening Hall) enrollment: Total enrollment '745,698 I 1,461,217 First-time enrollment 1139.106 258.451 Regular Federal appropriations 592,653,030 9214,003,234

Funds for instruction and lacilities (Morrill-nelson and

8ankheadJones Funds) 5,451400 12,680,030 Fonds for research (experiment stations} 30,653,094 63,481,117

Hatch funds, as amended 30,165,023 57,711,590

Reseals% under Agricultural filarkthng Act 451.071 5365.527 Funds for cooperative extension 56,748,436 137,842.117 Smith-Lever funds (AM of 1914, es amended) 56,265,982 135,052,547 Extension under Agricultural Marketing Act 1.482.454 2.789,570

Endowment Income under land-grant funds 4313,303 8,709,623

From 1862 land-grant tondo 2,747,103 6,354,663

From other Federal land-grant funds 1,365,500 3.344.960 Resident and extension, degree-credit enrollment. Resident and extension, degree-credit and non-degree-medlt, opening fall enrollment. A Resident, degree-credit, first -term enrollment.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare, Office of Education.

"Statistics of Landrant Colleges and Universities, Year Ended lone 30. MU";

"fall Enrollment in Higher Education.1970"; and "Statistics on Condition of Land.

Grant Funds, 1971 Report."

and non-degree-croft, lint-term

120
Chapter IV

Federal Programs for Education and Related Activities*

Federal land grants provided under the North.

west Ordinance of 1787 represent the first instance

of U.S. Government financial assistance for educa

Lion. With this enactment, the National Government

embarked upon a program of educational support

unique among national governments in its commit

ment to Stale and local autonomy and in the responsiiblity it assumed for a public function of

national interest.

A variety of programs and procedures are used

by the Federal Government to support numerous

educational activities. Procedures include grants of

land, financial grants and loans, allocation of surplus commodities and federally owned property.

operation of special programs and institutions, and

the cost of services or contracts. This highly complex Federal educational involvement affects, directly or indirectly, every person in this country

and many persons from other countries. Programs

may be for the purchase of research and training

services in educational institutions; for support of

individuals for whom there is a special Federal

responsibility; for support of schools in areas where

Federal activities would result in undue burdens

on school services without such support; for support of vocational education, foreign language

study, and similar special areas: or for numerous

other purposes.

A capsule view of the history of Federal educational activities is provided in the following list of

selected Federal educational legislation:

Year Program

1787 Northwest Ordinanceauthorized land grants

for the establishment of educational institutions.

1862 First M,rrill Actauthorized public land grants

to the States for the establishment and

maintenance of agricultural and mechanical

colleges.

Albert R. hkunSe of the Reference, EaturnateS, and Propectuons Branch, Natponal Center for Educatuonal Stabstms, had the major responstbdity for the development of data for thus

chapter.

121

1867 Department of Education Actauthorized the

establishment of the Office of Education.

1874 Aid to State nautical schoolsprovided funds

for State nautical schools.

1890 Second Morrill Actprovided for money grants

for support of instruction in the agricultural and mechanical colleges.

1917 StinthHughes Actprovided for grants to

States for support of vocational education.

1918 Vocational Rehabilitation Actauthorized funds

for rehabilitation of World War I veterans.

1919 Federal surplus property -- authorized use of

Federal surplus property by educational institutions.

1920 Smith-13ankhead Actauthorized grants to

States for vocational rehabilitation pro.

grains.

1933 School lunch programsprovided assistance in

school lunch programs. The use of surplus

farm commodities in school lunch programs

began in 1936 and the National School

Lunch Act of 1946 continued and expanded

this assistance.

1935 BankheadJones Actmade grants to States

for agricultural experiment stations.

1937 National Cancer Institute Actestablished

Public Health Service Fellowship program.

Subsequently, fellowships were authorized

in legislation concerning other agencies.

1940 School Milk Programprovided funds for cost

of milk served to school children.

1941 Amendment to Lanham Act of 1940author

ized Federal aid for construction, mainte

nance, and operation of schools .n federally

impacted areas. Such assistance was con

tinued under Public Laws 815 and 874,

81st Congress, in 1950.

1943 Vocational Rehabilitation Actprovided assist,

ante to disabled veterans.

School Lunch Indemnity Planprovided funds

for local school lunch food purchases.

1944 Servicemen's Readjustment Actprovided assistance for education of veterans.

Surplus Property Actauthorized transfer of

surplus property to educational institutions.

1946 George Barden Actexpanded Federal support

of vocational education.

1948 United States Information and Educational Ex.

change Actprovided for the interchange

of persons, knowledge. and skills between

the United States and other countries.
3949 Federal Property and Administrative Services

Actprovided for donation of surplus property to educational institutions and for

other public uses.

1950 Public Laws 815 and 874provided assistance for construction (Public Law 815) and

operation (Public Law 874) of schools in

federally affected areas.

Housing Act authorized loans for construc.

ton of college housing facilities.

1954 School Milk Programprovided funds for purchase of milk for school lunch programs.

Cooperative Research Actauthorized cooperative arrangements with universities, colleges, and State education agencies for

educational research.

National Advisory Committee on Education Actestablished a National Advisory Committee on Education to recommend to the

Secretary of the Department needed studies

of national concern in the field of education

and to propose appropriate action indicated by such studies.

1956 Library Services Act authorized grants to

States for extension and improvement of

rural public library services.

1957 Practical Nurse Training Actprovided grants

to States for practical nurse training.

1958 National Defense Education Actprovided assistance to State and local school systems

for strengthening instruction in science.

mathematics, modern foreign languages,

and other critical subjects; improvement of

State statistical services; guidance, counsel

ing and testing services and training insti

lutes; higher education student loans and

fellowships; foreign language institutes and

advanced foreign language study and train

ing provided by colleges and universities:

experimentation, and dissemination of in.

formation on more effective utilization of

television, motion picture, and related media

for educational purposes: and vocational

education for technical occupations necessary to the national defense.

Public Law 85-926--Federal assistance for

training teachers of the handicapped authorized.

Public Law 85.905authorized a loan service

of captioned films for the deaf.

1961 Area Redevelopment Actincluded provisions

for training or retraining of persons in

redevelopm,nt areas.

1962 Manpower evelopment and Training Act

provided training in new and improved skills

for the unemployed and underemployed. Public Law 87.477provided grants for the

construction of educational television broad

casting facilities.

Migration and Refugee Assistance Act of

1962authorized loans, advances and

grants for education and training of refugees.

1963 Health Professions Educational Assistance Act

provided funds to expand teaching facilitit. and for loans to students in the health

pi Jfessions.

Vocational Education Act of 1963increased

122

Federal support of vocational education,

including support of residential vocational

schools, vocational work-study programs.

and research, training, and demonstrations

in vocational education.

Higher Education Facilities Act of 1963

authorized grants and loans for classrooms.

libraries, and laboratories in public COPtl

triunity colleges and technical institutes as

well as undergraduate and graduate facilities in other institutions of higher educa

hon.

1964 Civil Rights Act of 1964authorized the Corn

missioner to (1) arrange, through grants or

contracts with institutions of higher eciuca.

bon. for the operation of short-term or regular session institutes for special training

to improve ability of elementary and sec.

ondary school instructional staff to deal

effectively with special education problems

occasioned by desegregation; (2) make

grants to school boards to pay. in whole or

in part, the cost of providing inservice training in dealing with problems incident to

desegregation; (3) provide school boards

technical assistance in desegregation; and

required nondiscrimination in federally assisted programs.

Economic Opportunity Act of 1964authorized grants for college work-study programs

for students of low-income families; estab,

lisped a Job Corps program and authorized

support for worktratning programs to provide education and vocational training and

work experience for unemployed youths:

provided training and work experience op

portundies in welfare programs; authorized

support of Community Action Programs,

including Head Start, Follow Through, Up.

ward Bound, education and training activi

ties: authorized the establishment of the

Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA).

1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act

authorized grants for elementary and sec

ondary school programs for children of

low income families: school library resources,

textbooks and off Jr instructional materials

for school charfien; supplementary educa

tronal centers and services; strengthening

State education agencies: and educational

research and research training.

Health Professions Educational Assistance

Amendmentsauthorized scholarships to

aid needy students in the health professions

and grants to improve the quality of teach

mg in schools of medicine, dentistry, osteopathy, optometry and podiatry.

Higher Education Act of 1965provided

grants for university community service pro

grams, college library assistance and library

training and research: strengthening devel,

opmg institutions; educational opportunity

grants; insured student loans; teacher train

ing programs: and undergraduate instruc

tional equipment. Established a National

Teacher Corps and provided for graduate

teacher training fellowships.

Medical Library Assistance Actprovided as.
sistance for contraction and improvement

of health sciences libraries.

National Foundation on the Arts and the

Humanities Actauthorized grants and

loans for projects in the creative and performing arts, and for research, training, and

scholarly publications in the humanities.

National Technical Institute for the Deaf Act

Provided for the establishment, construction. equipping. and operation of a resi

dential school for postsecondary education

and technical training of the deaf,

National Vocational Student Loan Insurance

ActEncouraged State and nonprofit private institutions and organizations to establish adequate loan insurance programs to

assist students to attend postsecondary

business, trade, technical, and other vocational schools.

Disaster Relief Actprovides for assistance to

local education agencies to help meet ex- ceptional cost resulting from a major dis

aster.

1966 International Education Actprovided grants

to institutions of higher education for the

establishment, strengthening, and operation

of centers for research and training in inter,

national studies and the international aspects of professional and other fields of

study.

National Sea Grant College and Program Act

authorized the establishment and operations of Sea Grant Colleges and programs by

initiating and supporting programs of edu

cation and research in the various fields

relating to the development of marine re- sources. Adult Education Actauthorized grants to

States for the encouragement and expan

sion of educational programs for adults

including training of teachers of adults and

demonstrations in adult education (pre.

viously part of the Economsc Opportunity

Act of 1964).

Model Secondary School for the Deaf Act

authorized the establishment and operation,

by Gallaudet College, of a model secondary

school for the deaf to serve the National

Capital region.

Elementary and Secondary Education Amend ments of 1966in addition to modifying

existing programs. authorized grants to as

sist States in the initiation, expansion, and

improvement of programs and projects for

the education of handicapped children at

the preschool, elementary and secondary

school levels.

1967 Education Professions Develocerent Act

amended the Higher Education Act of 1965

for the purpose of improving the quality of

teaching and to help meet erotical shortages

of adequately trained educational personnel

by authorizing support for the development of information on needs for educational

oerr.:.innel. training and retraining opportunities responsive to changing manpower

needs, attracting a greater number of qualified persons into the teaching profession.

attracting persons who can stimulate cre123

ativity in the arts and other skills to undertake shOrt-term or long-term assignments in

education. and helping to mak.! educational

oersonne/ training programs more respon

sive to the needs of schools and colleges.

Piro lic Broadcasting Act of 1967established a Corporation for Public Broadcasting to

have major responsibility in channeling red

eral funds to noncommercial radio and

television stations. program production

groups and ETV networks directly or through

contract; conduct research, demonstration.

or training in matters related to noncommercial broadcasting; and authorized grants

for construction of educational radio as well

as television facilities.

1968 Elementary and Secondary Education Amend ments of 1967in addition to modifying

existing programs, authorized support of

regional centers for education of handlcaPped children. model centers and serv

ices for deafbiond children, and recruitment

of personnel and dissemination of informa

Lion on education of the handicapped; tech

nical assistance in education to rural areas;

support of dropout Prevention projects; and

support of bilingual education programs.

Also, in order to give adequate notice of

available Federal financial assistance. au

thorized advance funding for any program

for which the Commissioner of Educatior

has responsibility for administration by

authorizing appropriations to be included in

tne appropriations act for the fiscal year

preceding the fiscal year for which they

are available for obligation.

Handicapped Children's Early Education As

sistance Actauthorized preschool and

early education programs for handicapped

children.

Vocational Education Amendments of 1968

changed the basic formula for allocating

funds; provided for a National Advisory

Council on Vocational Education, expansion

of vocational education services to meet

the needs of the disadvantaged, the collec Lion and dissemination of information for

programs administered by the Commissioner of Education; and the preparation

of a catalog of all Federal education assedante programs.

Higher Education Amendments of 1968pro

vided new programs to assist disadvantaged

college students through special counseling

and summer tutorial programs and to assist

colleges to combine resources for cooperative uses, including closed-circuit television

and computer networks. Also authorized

grants to expand and strengthen student co

operative programs and to expand programs

which provide clinical experiences to law

students,

1970 Elementary and Secondary Education Assistance Programs. Extension (Public Law 91.

230) authorized comprehensive planning and evaluation grants to State and local

education agencies; provided for the estab

lishrnent of a National Commission on

School Finance.
National Commission on Libraries and Infos'

;nation Science Actestablished a National

Commission on Libraries and Information

Science to meet the needs of the people,

to utilize effectively the Nation's educational

resources, and to cooperate with State and

local governments and public and private

agencies in assuring optimum provision of

such services.

Environmental Education Actestablished an

Office of Environmental Education for the

purpose of curriculum development and

initiation and maintenance of environmental

education programs at the elementarysecondary education levels; dissemination

of information; the provision of training

programs for teachers and other educa

tional, public, community, labor, and industrial leaders and employees: community

education programs; and the distribution of

material dealing with environment and

ecology,

Drug Abuse Education Act of 1970provided

for the development, demonstratu and

evaluation of curriculums on the i. -oienis

of drug abuse; dissemination of itiforma

tion: training programs for teachers, counselors, law enforcement officers, and other

public leaders and officials; and community

education programs for parents and others

on drug abuse problems.

1971 Comprehensive Health Manpower Training Act

of 1971 (Public Law 92. 257)amends title Vit of the Public Health Service Act. InCreases and expands the provisions for

health manpower training and training facilities.

Nurse Training Act of 1971 (Public Law 92- 158) amends title VIII, Nurse Training, of

the Public Health Service Act, increases and

expands provisions for nurse training Wilt.

ties.

1972 Drug Abuse Office and Treatment Act of 1972

(Public Law 92.255)establishes a Special

Action Office for Drug Abuse Prevention to

provide overall planning and policy for all

Federal drug abuse prevention functions,

a National Advisory Council for Drug Abuse

Prevention community assistance grants for

community mental health centers for treat

ment and rehabilitation of persons with

drug abuse problems, and in December

1974, a National Institute of Drug Abuse.

Education Amendments of 1972 (Public Law

92.318)establishes a National Institute

of Education, general aid for institutions

of higher education; Federal matching

grants for State student incentive grants;

a National Commission on Financing Post

secondary Education; State Advisory Councils on Community Colleges; a Bureau of

Occupational and Adult Education and State

grants for the design, establishment, and

conduct of postsecondary oCcupational education; and a bureau-level Office of Indian

Education. Amends current Office of Edu.

cation programs to increase their effectiveness and better meet special needs. Prohibits sex bias to admissions to institutions

124

of vocational, professional, graduate higher,

and public institutions of undergraduate

higher education,

There is no single total for Federal funds for

education that is meaningful for all purposes, but

there are many possible totals which may be constructed to service particular needs. This multiplicity is probably due to the many kinds of assistance

provided, the differences in the manner of distributing assistance, and the special circumstances which

describe the program beneficiary, as each program

was legislatively tailored for its special purpose.

However, table 139 gives one summary which the

Office of Education has found useful, Part I of this

table, Federal Funds Supporting Education in Educational Institutions, includes those programs more

frequently considered in the general category of

Federal aid to education. Part I is presented in two

parts, grants and loans, because of the obvious

difference which requires repayments of loans but

not grants. Part II includes data for other programs

which may also be considered in determining Fed.

era! funds for education.

In contrast with table 139 which shows program

amounts, table 140 shows where the money comes

fromthe Federal agencies which make the funds

available for the various education programs. This

table reveals that the Federal role in education and

related activities involves many Federal agencies

and varies from relatively insignificant amounts to

more than $7 billion for the Department of Health,

Education, and Welfare for the 197.3 fiscal year.

Eight agencies report education amounts in excess

of $100 million, exclusive of outlays for research

and development. The support provided various

levels of educationelementary-secondary, higher,

and vocational-technical and continuing education

and "other" programs is also shown.

A somewhat different view of the Federal educational involvement is brought into focus in table

141, from the National Science Foundation publication Federal Funds for Research, Development, and

Other Scientific Activities, Vol. XIX. For example,

to the extent that federally supported research may

be considered to have largely education-related

aspects, this table shows federally supported educational activity taking place in many institutions

other than those formally described as educational,

including industrial establishments, federally operated facilities, and various nonprofit establishments. Figures from the National Science Founda

Lion were also used to obtain the research and

development amounts reported in tables 139 and

140 for colleges and universities and for Federal

obligations to universities and colleges reported in

table 145.
Table 142 gives additional information about the

programs for training grants, fellowships, and

traineeships included in table 139. Figures for this

tabulation, like those in tables 139 and 140, were

obtained from information provided the Bureau of

the Budget for "Special Analysis I," a chapter in its

publication, Special Analyses, Budget of the United

States, Fiscal Year 1973.

A summary of Office of Education disbursements

for the years from 1960 to 1973 for the several

programs authorized under various legislative en.

actments is Presented in table 143. This table

reveals the Federal support pattern for the Of:ice

of Education by showing changes in levels of support for different educational activities and by noting the appearance of new activities. Funds trans.

ferred to the Office of Education from other Federal

agencies for various education services are presented at the end of table 143.

State.by-State data on Federal educational assist125

ante from various Federal agencies are displayed in

tables 144, 145, and 146. Table 145 includes

amounts for higher education institutions only and

is based on Federal obligations during the 1970

fiscal year regardless of when funds were spent by

a recipient institution. Higher education loans to

students and institutions, Federal expenditures for

Federal employee training, and veterans' education

benefits are not included in these higher education

figures.

In contrast with table 145, amounts reported in

tables 144 and 146 are actual outlays (expenditures) for the fiscal year and are limited to payments to State and local governments plus school

lunch program amounts distributed directly to nonpublic schools. Table 146 lists Office of Education

payments to State and local governments for fiscal

year 1970, while table 147 shows Office of Education funds obligated for instructional materials

and equipment.
Table 139..Federal funds for education and related activities: Obligations For Fiscal years 1962 to 1967 and outlay for fiscal years 19613 to 1473

(In thousands of dollars)

Type of support, tevel, and

program area

1

Total grants and loans

Grants, total

Elementary-secondary education

School assistance in federally allecled areas

Economic opportunity programs'

National Defense Education Actequipment 2 Supporting services 3 Assistance for educationally deprived childrea'

Teacher Corps Vocational education Dependents' schools abroad Public lands revenue for schools Assistance in special areas' Veterans' education Emergency school assistance

Revenue sharing Education Renewal' Olher Nigher education

Basic research in U.S. educational institutions proper 4 Research facilities 4 Training grants

Fellowships and traineeships

Faciklies and equipment

Olher institutional support allter student assistance Other higher education assistance

Vocalionat-technicl and continuing education (not classihable by level)

Vocational. lechnical and work training" Veterans education General continuing education 32 Training State and local personnel

Loans, total (higher education)

Student loan program. National Defense Education Act"

College facilities Warps 14

1962 1963 New obligationat authority

1964 1966 1967 t968 Out ay 1970 1971

2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11

92,173,700 92.507.600 1,853.200

555,180

2,111,700

304,900 53.000

59,300

4,300

4.000

26.400

40.500

43,500

14,800

330.300 60.900

58,700

4,700

6,800

26.300

45.300

44.600

17,700

92,749,300 2350.500

666,300

323.100

67,000 92.900

5,200 5.100

24.900 61.500

48,600

32,600

PART 1. Federal Funds Supporting Education in Educational nstitutions

93,908,700

3,379,600

942.900

407,600

123.500 90.900

6,500

127,700 80.500

51,500

50,200

56,779,578 98.352,866

6,167,878

2,480.078

433,900

404.300

104,400

173.100 959,000

6,500

184,678

86,100

54,100

68,800

5,41101__.. 4500 5.200

1.210.300 1.397,800 1.480.400 2.052,600 2,830,400

602,900

121,800

196.000

103.900 37,100

33.000

103,900

11,700

691,600

157,900

234,600

143,000

41,000

43,400 69.900

16,400

1,611,283

3,037.637

97.804,454

7,201,173

2.967 004

28.055.396 7,522,16959,222.139

8,615,843

V171 1973

(estimated) (estimated) 12 13

St0,894,257 511,148,749 10,409,42L.21,08,374

2338,439 3,212,418 3.724.363 4.017.751 469,137 506.372 397,581

721,257 628,533 552.434

109,200 109.009 74.316

273,551 280,481 290.107

1,057.455 1,056,983 1,096,106

11,324 16,019 19,358

194,636 185,224 152,441 87,533 68.220 108,589

50,173 52,294 66.112

56.969 58,286 71.118

1,294 3,20Q 4,924

5.108

913,12.968

2.770.582

4.450.103 656.372 527,043 517,105 478.347

534,482 664,355 701,063 682.109

58.547 44,647 45,820 36,760

237,532 215,252 267.616 277.982

1.207,894 1,575282 1,622,228 1,622,162

18,191 28.761 36.310 36.468

181,379 241.481 292,846 307,981

137.138 146.615 160,342 182.907 82.376 18.893 73388 92,008

78,992 120.719 139,510 179,520

6.233 13.763 17,681 19.054 51,239 103.327 381.000

110,000

1,235 22.472 24303

2.383 5,353 13282 15,078 17.543 19,252

698,600

133,500

261,200

181.800 56,10)

69,500

62.300

17.400

784,900

191,700

282,400

196,900 384.100 93,400

100,400

18.800

940.300

194.000 365,500

264,900

668.900

163,800

214,200 18300

3.634,494 3.262.988 3.318,177 3,814,332 4,711,804 , 5,329.544 5.883,573

1.032.823 250,568

363,608

350,162

822,203

169.925

990.586

54.619

1361.818

199.790

381,116 320.303

549.382

139,637 6083E3

2.059

1.020.906 238,516

404,990

247,840

482.387 173,066

740.498 9.975

985,784

225.130

704.689

)91,271

513,162 178.156

1.003,594 12.546

1,026,652 1,129.017 222,253 166,379

169,295 907.493

267,907 258.016

518,944 409.717

234.336 263.539

1,662,939 2.183,933 9.478 11,450

1,264.000

"166.000

1,044,768 256.580

321,730

260,944

2,558.501 11,050

87,800 113.500 203.800 384.100 857.400 939,152 971.181 34.600

49.900

400

2,900

82,700

29.000 400

1,400

171.000

25.100 1.900

5.800

364,300

10,300

1,500

8,000

817,900

6,300

19,200

14,000

827,303

54,000 29200

28,649

851.683

79.645

28,701

11.152

1.366.553 1,589,093 1,973253 2261.579 2.436.906

1.163,444

123,970

60,364

18.775 320,500 395,900 398,800 529,100 611,700 741,533 603.281

1,269,254 1,515,741 1,692.490 244.634 357,414 455,295 65.855 88.305 100,269 9.350 11.793 13:525

1,773.985

527,757

115.219 19.945 532,227 606,296 454,831 539,875 284,386

:4.600 90,700

245.900 305,200

111,300 287.500

160,100

369,000

235,900 237.954

375.800 503.629 226.303

376,978

259,641 295,173 382,102 489,686 246,360

272.586 311.123 102,735 50,189 38.026
Total

Applied resew': and development'

School lunch and milk programs

Training 01 Federal personnel U.S. academies Professional training, military

Civilian education and training in non-Federal facilities

Library services

Grants lo public libraries

National library services is

International education Educational exchange program

Agency for International Development projects

Action (previously Peace Corps)

Other international education and training Oluer Agricultural extension service Educational television facilities

1--. Education in Federal carectional institutions VValue of surplus property transferred:

...1 Acquisition cost of personal property

Fair value of teal property

Others'

PART II. Other federal funds for Education and Relatid Activities

1 [51,777,364 52.935,341 53,239,851 53,717,232 53,303.859 53,930,053 53,605,629 13,334,667 53,428,724 54,044,36. 54,804,107 55 157,199

754.700 805,700 906,300 952,300 1,026,600 1.088.150 1.142,350 : 237,499 1,236,749 1,352,086 1,475,068 9 1.652,000

'42:100 379,300 411.700 507,500 421.900 448.005 543,845 i,17,700 676,196 928.186 1.309.146 1,374.034

2 ..7,500 1,279.600 1,370,400 1.577,900 1,706,700 1.537.399 1.138,333 635:153 6a1,694 854,930 928 957 961,795

u:/,416 59,049 119.796 130,971 154,593 133,002 141.599 170,468 184,262 218,869 234.464 237.376

1.08E.584 1.188.601 1.202,604 1.373,229 1,470,507 1,309,948 923,470 375,105 492.040 614,099 671.548 700,703 31.500 31,900 48,000 73.700 81,600 94,449 73,264 94,280 15,392 21,962 22,945 23,716

22,200 23,900 25,3W 82.900 86.300 141,381 136.099 186,124 170.135_, 186.338 236,706 231,048

6,900 7,400 7,500 54.900 55,000 76,000 62.017 62,794 50.235 52.975 63,940 47.169

15.300 16.500 17,800 28.000 31,300 66.381 74,082 123.330 119,900 133,363 172,766 183,879. 109.100 116,100 130,000 178.700 232,658 326,742 272,008 278,135 193,464 180.668 214,450 227,393

28,100 35,600 38.000 37,-40 53,500 44,712 41.670 38.172 30.850 36.101 37,436 45,495

81.000 80.500 84.600 87.800 111,800 203.270 140,000 170.000 111,325 105.608 140.529 140,943

44,300 57,175 41,944 43,641 44,095 28,150 25,926 21.702 23,872

7,400 9.200 10,183 36.816 46,697 25,868 23,139 13,433 14,783 17.083 _ _-__,....=. 346,964 330,741 396.151 417,932 429,701 388,376 372.994 400,356 460.486 542,160 639.780 710,869

59.300 63,000 79,400 85,400 90.700 92.824 90,030 97,273 124.526 154,672 173.300 181.600 5,200 5.100 15,200 3,304 6,737 8,756 19.163 28.580 43.846 57.152 2,100 2,500 2,900 3,500 3,600 6.341 3.662 3.816 5.007 6,333 8,305 9.305

244,900 223.800 258,700 277,300 266,400 215,509 199,383 223,503 246,330 255,668 304,245 334.670

21,000 21.100 15,100 17,900 15.100 16,684 26,276 13.254 12.468 25,718 17,900 17.900

19,664 20,341 24.851 28.732 38,701 53.714 46,906 63.754 52.912 71.189 92.184 110,242

I Incoides Office of Economic Opportunity, Indian education, Appalachian Regional Development. Department of tabor,

NYC in school work support, and Head Start Preschool.

2 Includes small amounts for National Defense Education Act loans to private elementary - secondary schools.

1 Includes supplemental centers, school library materials, strengthening State education agencies, captioned films for

the deaf. dissemination of informa::en. school counseling and testing. American Printing House for the Blind, planning

and evaluation, National Aeronaulics and Space Administration elementary-secondary schools program, and Civil

Rights technical assistance.

4 Includes Elementary and Secondary Education Act title I, handicapped children, dropout prevention, bilingual education, Kendall School for the Deaf, and Model School for the Deal.

5 Includes District of Columbia. Canal Zone. territories and dependencies. Cuban refugees, and payments in lieu of taxes

by the Atomic Energy Commission and the Tennessee Valley Authority.

Includes Office of Education and education programs and expenditures not otherwise included.

2 Includes elementaty.secondyy progsams of the National Science Foundation, National Foundation on the Arts and the

Humanities. Department of Defense, Junior ROTC. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. and Nice of Child

Devi 3pment programs not included elsewhete.

I Dala are horn "Fedeit:Iunds for Research, Development, and Other Scientific Activities," annual publicalion, National

Science Foundation. Includes university-operated research centers.

9 1972 amounts are estimated by the Office of Education at 12-percent increase over 1972 levet.

10 Estimated by Office a Education, same level as 1972.

it Includes adult vocational education, Manpower naming programs.

11 Includes Office of Education. Action. Social and Rehabilitation. Department of Rousing and Urban Development. Office

of Economic Development, and additional programs for continuing education. D Includes National Defense Education Act and insured student loans. 14 Includes Department of Housing and When Development college housing loans and Lidice of Educalion college (Whiles

loans. 11 Includes Library of Congress. Smithsonian Inslitution, General Services Administration, National Archives and Records

Service. National Agricultural Library, National Library of Medicine, and Government Printing Office deposilary library

and catalog and index activities.

*0 Includes (Nice of Education and education programs and administration expenditures n6t otherwise included.

NOTE.--Because of the minion of some programs and because dela are based on Federal disbursemeni rathei Ihari

the authority to spend, the egures since 1968 are not strictly comparable will those for earlier years.

SOURCE: Compiled by the National Center for Educational Statistics. Office of Education, U S. Department of Health,

Education, and Welfare, from inlormation collected by the Office of Management and Budget fur its report. "Special

Analyses, Budget of the United States, Fiscal year 1,973." Research 4ata are loom "Federal Funds for Research. Develop.

ment, and Either Scientific Activities," Vol. XX, National Science Foundation.
Table 140. - Federal funds for edueatton and related activities, by agency: Estimated outlay, fiscal years 1971%1973

(In thousands of dollars)

Agency Total Elementary-secondary education Higher education Vocational-technical and

continuing education Other

0 1971 actual 1972 estimate

, 1973 eslimate

1971 actual 1972 eslimale1973 estimate

1971 actual 1972 estimate1973 estimate

1971 actual 1972 estimate

1973 estimate

1971 actual 1972 estimate

1973 estimate

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 it 12 13 14 15 16 Total

Department of Health, Education, and Welfare_ Office of Education Publid Health Service Social and Rehabilitation Service Other Department of Agriculture

Department of Commerce

Department of Defense

Department of Housing and Urban Development

Department of Die Interior

Department of Justice

Department of Labor

Department of State

Department of Transportation

Department of the Treasury Action Agency for international Development

Appalachian Regional Development Program

Atomic Energy Commission

District of Columbia (Office of Education estimate).

Government Printing Office Government Services Administration

Library of Congress

National Aeronautics and Space Administration_ National Foundation on the Ails and the Humanities National Science Foundation

016ce of Economic Opportunity Smithsonian Institution Tennessee Valley Authority,.,.

U.S. lnformalion Agency Veterans Administration Environmental Protection Agency National Commission on Libraries and Information . Corporation for Public Broadcasting

Research and development in educational inanetiOns-all Federal agencies

914.938,625 916.952,856 918,212.167 53.724.363 94.017.751 94,450.103 55,196,641 55,869.419 56,167,959 91,973.253 52,261.579 52,436.906 94,044468 14.804.107 559157.199. 552,028

(165,084)

(27,002)

(359,942) 1,560,244 5,249

936.462 2,800

84 9,305

___ 53,871

14,543 24.306

140,943 650

...

3.862 10.585 79.868

904

...

___ 61,606

2,232 __. 355

45,000 P1,652,000

5.681.621

(4,416,191)

(829.441)

(96,572)

(339.417) 1,123,867 9,213

990,062

184,853

265,748

36,934

1.4311,933 43,563

25.647

986 25,700

105,608

37.361 13,320 39,189

2,856

8.564 46,876 6.353

27,401 nsoo

457.768 40,485

2,556

1,622,343 8,767

___ 23,000

2.600,991

6,413.491

(4,740.747)

(946,085)

(112.019)

(614,640) 1,517,254

10,309

1,078.204

159,121 287,392 47.589

1.594.000

45,215

16,140

1,760 25,320

140,529 40.700

9,695

39.069

2,690 9.160

74,300

6,225

47,029

58.600

275,637

60,000

2.555 2,177,862

7,703

171 35,000

2,770.464

7,013.480

(5,033,807)

(1,046,264)

(111.892)

(821,517) 1,604.987 9,893

1,133.640

189.061 317,679 64.635

1,657,000 54.690

17,043

27,263 140,943

40,700

10,140

51,061

3,862

10,585 79,868

2,225

71,161 57,200

81.715 62.306

--- 2,232 2,373,420

8,003

355

45.000

/3,082,000

2.700.104

(2,680,375)

(14.160)

(5,569) 36.513

156.224

51,483

212,360 63.933

837

.__

565 20.585

5,306 34.770

___ ___

lie

1.229 2.000

416,373

___ ---

--- 13,763

___ .;. __. ___

3.125,273

(2,900,833)

(13,000)

(211,440)

28,685

172,166 71,280

224,198

75.000

824

___

46,6 31.46

2.419

31,934

___ _

120 1.982 2.000

232.322

___ --. ...

17.681

___ -°

__. __.

3,649,649

(3.262,656

___

(12,10)

(374,893'

43,223

196,420

99,000

249.172

55,065

819

___ 616 31.400

2.250 42,868

___ ___ iii 2,261 2,000 36.352

...-

19966

... ___

___

___

2,413,888

(1.525,180)

(802,066)

(36.770)

(49,872) 22 4,340

746

117,592 20,277

20,649

... 2,900 986 __

7.972

7,580 4A19

___ ___ 5,395

5,016

75,800

516

--- 1,251,166

8,767

-°

___ 1,248,905

2,633,108

(1.601.279)

(918,556)

(40,169)

(73,104) 21 5,217

727 67,761

23,063

28.903

.._

2,600

1.760

2.529 8,666

6,857

7,135

... ___

5,201

11,562 56.600

iii --- _

1,704,886 7,703

___

___ 1,295,396

2,668,642

(1.526,689)

(1,016,292)

(39,079)

(86,582) 20 4,644 758

63.261

27,320

38,580

___

___ 2.500

2,551

8,000

7.445

8,193

___

___ 1,201 14,812 55,200

:tit --- 1.826.609 8,003

___

___ 01,430.000

121.505

(75,359)

(504)

(45,642) 85

___ 12,665

33,051

9,952

1,375,000

...

...

___

___ 666

434

___

___ ___

___ 21.166 __

41,395

___ ---

. 357,414

___ __. ...

___

140,074

(79,493)

(1.631)

(58.850)

(100) 1,400

___ ... 17.280 40,055

10,381 1,519,000

... __. 225

iio

419

.... ___

___

___ 33,616

43,315

...-

455.566

___

. ...

...

143.161

(79,378)

(2.970)

(60.713)

(100)

1,500

... 24,666

41.103

16,750" 1,582,000 __. _

. 89

660

445

.-. ___ ..,

___

___ 54.088 __. 45.363 -.. --- 527.753

.... .-..-

---

446,124

(135,277;

(26,871

(283,976' 1.087,247 4,873

833,092

2,676

60 6,333

42,726

12,747

25,437

105,608 645

___ 2,856 8,554

46,876

836

...

,.. 40,266

... 2,326

___ -

23,000

1.352.086

515,036

(159,142)

' (25,898)

(329,996)

1.487,148

5,042 905,312

2,800

. 76 8,305

44,391

13,540

22,098

140,529

650 _

2,690 9.160

74.300

904

___ ... 59.660

2.-255 ___

171 35,000

1,475.068 Estimated by the U.S. Office at Education.

SOURCE: Compiled by the National Center for Educational StatiStics, Office 01 Education, U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare from information collected by the Office of Management and Budget for its report "Special Analyses.

Budget of the United States. Fiscal Year 1973:" research and development data are from "Federal Funds for Research. Development, and Other Scientific Activities," Vol. XX, National Science Foundation.
Table 1410...Summary of federal funds for research, development, and R.&D, plants fiscal years 1969. 1970, and 1971

(In millions of Oilers/ -.

Item

. Actual 1969

. Estimates

Item Actual 1969 Estimates 1970 1971 . 3970 1971

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 , 4 Total expenditures for research,

development, and R,8.0

Research and development

FLUX plant

Total obligations for research,

development, and RAD. plant

Research and development Total research Basic research Applied research

Development-- R. &0. plant "

Research and development: Performers* Federal intramural'

Industrial finals'

Research and development canters

administered by industrial firms,-

Universities and colleges'

Research and development centers

administered by universities and

colleges

Nonprofit institutions

Research and development centers

administered by nonprofit

instilutions

Other domestic performers

Foreign Research arch Federal intramural I Industrial firms

Research and development centers -

administered by industrial firms

Universities and colleges Research and deseleement centers administered by universities and

colleges

Nonprofit institutions

Research and development centers

administered by nonprofit

insMulions Other domestic performers

Foreign Field of science: Life sciences Psychology

Physical sciences Environmental sciences Mathematics Engineering Social sciences Other sciences Basic research Performers: Federal Intramural' Industrial firms

Research and development centers

administered by industrial firms

Universities and colleges

Aeseerch and development centers

administered by universities and

colleges

Nonprofit institulions

Research and development centers

administered by nonprofit

institutions Other domestic performers

-Foreign

516,347.6 516,154.0 616,160.8

Bask research-Conlinued Field of science: Life sciences Psychology . Physical sciences Environmental sciences Mathematics Engineering Social sciences Other sciences Applied research Performers: Federal intramural,

569.1 54.7

819.3

318.9

- 57.4

191.4 72.2

10.8

565.7

54.8

797.0

405.0

61.2 210.6

74.3

4.3

577.6

60.7 8292

404.4 55.8

201:4

90,8 6.7

15,690,6 657.0

15,481.8 672.6

15,441.3

719.5 , 16,306.2 -

16,392.4 16.1911.4 15637.2 15,637.8

11:.:..

15,6995

5,238.8 5.484.4 5,969.6

1,195.5 807.6

40.0

643.0

138.7 180.6

44.9

62.9 31.8

1,302.4 885.4

40.1 651.6

136.7 1673

46.3

65.5 163

1,403.1 1,0049

39.2 750,9

140.0 2173

43.9 1021

41.3

2,0932

3145.0

2,172,8 3.311.72.226.6 3.7430

10.3914 10,2152 9.668.3

Industrial firms

Research and development centers

administered by industrial firms.. ,

Universities and colleges

Research and developmenl centers

administered by universities and

colleges

Nonprofit institutions

Research and development centers

administered by nonprofit

institutions Other domestic performers

Foreign

field of science: Ufe sciences Psychology

Physical sciences Environmental sciences Mathematics Engineering Social sciences Other sciences Development Performers: Federal intramural I Industrial firms

Research and development centers

administered by industrial hues.-

Universities and colleges

Research and development centers

administered by universities and

colleges

Nonprofit institutions

Research and development centers

administered by nonprofit

institutions Other domestic performers

Foreign

pt.&0. Plant:

Performers supported: Federal intramural Industrial firms

Research and development centers

administered by industrial firms. ...

Universities and colleges

Research and development centers

administered by universities and

colleges . Nonprofit institutions

Research and development centers

administered by nonprofit

institutions Other domestic performers .... , Foreign

669.0 692.7 _

560.5 16.6372

3,498.4

8,697.5

427.1 1,536.0 722.1

367.4 241.5 95.6

51.3

15,699.6

3.659.5 8956.7

424,3

1,500.3 724.6

351.4

244.7 98.7 39,6

15,637.6

3.736.5

8,231.6

432.2

1,648.8

.. 730,5 423.3

239.3

131.4 642

932.2

48.7

349.9

231.8

58.5

1.307.4

/47.6

68 .9

945.2 559

363.7

238.2 62.3

1,407.0. 1602

79.3

1988.2

79.9 370.8

292.1 76.1 1.5260

218.8

. 91.0 1.772.1 1,176.3 69.9

1,408,6 394.0

259,4 48.2

76.0

43.4

1,9242 1219.9

70.5

1,374.7

. 404.3

236.4 49.3 789

26.5

2.053.5

1.425.4 69.0

11.602.9 420.0

286.0

47.1

114.5

51.2

1,726.4 7,5212 3572

127A

3284

116.9 193.3

19.6 8.0

260.4

53.B

87.9

61.9

176.6 4.6

21.2

1.6

.9

.-,--.....-..

1.735.3 7,336.8 353:8

125.5 3202

114.9 195.5 202

13.0

250.4 61.5

74.3

54.1 181.4 3.6

66.9

.42

1,683.1 6,8062

363.2 1453

310.5

137.3 192.3

16.8 13.0

232.4

56.5

54.4 44.4

153.4 1.2

17.7

.33 il-----.-..

1,501.3

103.4 1,169.2

550.7

115.9

1.498.8

219.8 79.8

1,510.9

110.7 1,1603

6432

123.4 1,617.5

234.5 33.5

1,665.8

140.7 1,200.0 696.4

131.9 1,7274

309.7

97.8

. 576.6 368.7

29.8

765.6 255A

692

3.3

133

11.6

621.9

434.5

30.4

723.1 267.6

69.4 3.0

13.0 9.8

650.4

420.9

29.8

752.0 280.0

68.1 32

12.5 9.8

I Intramural activities cover costs associated with the adm"nistration of "ntramural and eximmural programs by Federal personnel as well as actual intramural

performance.

P Research and development tends to universities and colleges are osculated and

129

research and development lo industrial firms are understated by $ 02 million in

1999,599 million in 1970, and $10.4 million in 1971 for DOD (Defense agencies).

SOURCE: National Science Foundation, ' Federal Nods for Research. Develop.

meet. and Other Scientific Activities," Vot. XIX.
Table 102.-FellowsWip, traineesbip, and training grant programs of Federal agencies:

Expenditures and number of participants, fiscal year 1970

{Amounts in thousands of *Natal

Agency and program

Amount expended Number of partici

pants

Agency and program

Amount expended Number of participants

1 2 3 1 2 3 Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Atomic Energy Commission Office of Education: Faculty institutes lor college teachers $ 485 $ 293 Adult education training $ 1,019 1,727 Faculty institutes for high school teachers 35 40 Civit rights education training 8,832 55.366 Graduate fellowships and traineeships 6.278 2.771 &liege, personnel training program 528 ___ Postdoctoral fellowships 214 22 College teacher fellowships 9,756 8.603 Early childhood training 1,500 Environmental Prdection Agency

Handicapped children tender education and recruitment 31,219 18.022 Handicapped Stale-grant training . 3,107 31,000 Manpower development training 6,829 2.087

improving education for low.income children 21.500 8.000 National Aeronautics and Space

Improving preparalion of education personnel 13.026 6.288 Administration

Language training and area studies 16,313 ... Librarian training . 7,006 1,737 Graduate training grants 9,192 481 Meeting special needs of educalion personnel 7,075 1,748 International fellowships 252 50 National Odense Education Act fellowships and Summer faculty fellowships 1,807 360

institutes 57,309 ___ Undergraduate fellowshipS c 156 37 Recruitment and training of education personae! 49.276 45,632

Research and development training 6,736 2,617 National Foundation on the Arts and the

Strengthening developing institutions 27,731 ___ Humanities

Teacher inslitutes and guidance 9,719 - Elementary-secondary educational personnel training 19 50 National institutes of Health:

.....,. Punier college faculty fellowships 47 Graduate lellowships

Fogarty Center postdoctoral fellowships

5,737 740

],u pP

142 Postdoctoral fellowshrfn

. .. 711 216 Fogarty Center scholarship 46 8 National Science Foundation

Keil% manpower support 307,145 90.000 Postdoctoral fellowships 44,409 2,466 Advance science edapplion 2,189 3.000 Training grants 831,289 12,500 Cooperative cotlegeschool sciences 4.785 6,000

Health Services and Mental Health Administration: Graduate lellowships and traineeships 34,381 8,000

Health manpower t34,597 4,856 Institutional and research participation 4.035 3,000 Social and Rehabilitation Service: Peildoctoral fellowships 1,631 90. Social and Rehabilitation Service training 33,809 15,000 Precollege institutes 30.153 46.000 Science faculty fellowships 3,014 210 Department of Housing and Urban Development Smithsonian Institution

Urban studies fellowships 509 101 Woodrow Wilson Center fellowships 90 ___ SOURCE: Compiled by the National Center for Educational Statistics. Office of Eder lion, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, from information obtained

faun the Dike 01 Management and Budget for "Special Analyses, Budget of the United States, Fiscal Year 1972

130
Table 143. Office of Education expenditures, by legislative program: Fiscal years 1960 to 1973

[In thousands of dollars]

Legislative program 1960 1962 1964 1566 1968 1969 1970 1971 19721 1973 1

1 ' 2 3 . 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Total

. $459,965 3547, _408 8673.003 32.024,428 33.613.476 33. 472,793 34,111,598 54.543.641 34.867,322 35,187,004. Elementary and Secondary Education Acts. 811 1,247 1,648 816.982 . 1.327,723 1,359,843 1,412.949 1,743.115 1.820.638 1.827.754 Tille I, Educationally deprived children... ............ ..__ ____ ---- 746,904 1,049.116 1,073,033 11,170,355 1,516.210 1.545,330 1,527.634 Title 11. Library resources ---- --.. ____ 47,871 91,054 64;530 44.670 59253 . 76.950 76,800

Title 111. Supplementary education centers

_ -85

10,938 161.256 194,058 158.781 112,071 132,550 142,270

Titte V. Strengthening State departments of education'.. 1-5i -1,608 11,269 26.297 V.463 29.247 28,545 31,708 37.300 Title VII. Bilingual education ..-- . .... .... ---- .--- 456 6,192 20.876 24.750 34.180 Title VIII. Dropout prevention ---- ____ ...- --- ---- 303 .. 3.704 6 160 9,350 r< 9.570 School assistance in federally dated areas 258,198 282,909 334,289 409,593 506,372 397,581 , 656,372 527.043 517.105 478,347

Maintenance and operation . 174,850 226,419 283,688 353,851 470,887 374,589 620.463 506,851 495,092 453.053 Construction 83,348 56.490 50.601 55,742 35 485 22.992 35,909 20,192 12.013 25,294

. . Higher Education AM ---- .... 35,232 365,884 315.480 531.090 . 653,307 771.154 1,056,388 Title I. University commuidly services ---- ____ ..._ 3,926 9,897 8,186 10,669 10.963 9,550 5,700

Title II. Library programs:2

College tibrary resources .... .... .___ ___ 48,906 . 34,063 5,596 10,525 13.207 Library training ---- .... - --- -50

11,381 3:Oii 7.005 4.769 3.270 2,794

Acquisition and cataloging by Library of Congress -_._ ____ 5,478 5,500 5,721 7,079 Title III. SUengthening developing inslitutions .... .... .... ____ '22,426 26,944 27,731 35,894 39.000 57,6613 Title IV. Student assistance: Equal opportunity grants

. ..-. ---- .--- 103.104 91,184 314.652 352,341 398.742 044,258

Work-study program and cooperative education ___. --.. ---- 30,634 111,812 95,058

Insured loans ____ ---- --- ..-. 28,947 49.118 98,330 150,56 194.296 205,59 Student loans insurance fund ---- .___ ---- ---- -714 2.323 11,035 24,371 27.524 Title V. Teacher Corps ---- .... 362 16.019 19,358 18,191 28.761 36.310 36.418 Title VI. Undergraduate instructional assistance:

Television and other equipment .... ---- ---- ---- 5.415 14,553 4.968 2.258 6,893 11.100 Special programs Inc disadvantagedTalent Search and . remedial Mistime*. special services, Upward Bound ----

.... 10 2.497 3.288 7.437 44215 48.997 51.608 Higher Education Facilities Act ___. ---- .... 105,526

, 461,965 414.967 437,387 340,033 216.276 139,761

. - Title I. Public community colleges and technical institutes ---- --. ---- 14,097 80,202 69.304 317,227 277.690 188,154 98.319 Other undergraduate facilities ---_ ____ .... 34,642 236.861 199.337 . State administration aid planning ____ .... .... 1,675 5,066 4.885 iiii 5,50 6,050 3,550

' Major disaster areas ____ ---. ---- 147 264 ____ ____ ____ ---- Title II. Graduate facilities ---_ ____ .... 4,220 37,970 46,924

Title Ill. College construction Mans ..... ____ ___. 50.892 101,719 94,233 114-i9; 56,962 liAii 21i92 Construction loans interest subsidization ____ .... ..-. ---

---- .... I 4,000 10,000

. _. . - Vocational education 4 45,179 51,762 54,503 128,468 255.224 256.595 285.568 370,954 436.432 463,652

. Vocational Education Act 011963 GeOrile-flardep and supplemental acts 45,179 51.762 54,503 118,396 250,197 237.539 271,282 330.832 377.030 400.459 Smith-Hughes Act...

Work-study program and cooperative education ---- ____ --- 10.072 5,027 4,099 5,322 16,011 21.615 20.530

Innovative programs In vocational education and research.. -.-. .... .. -... ___ 1.357 1,593 8,801 14,310 17.460 National advisory ceuncils ---- ---- .... ...- ____ .. 94 ___ .... ____ State advisory councils ---- ___ ..... __._ .. 2218 Consumer and homemaking education ---- .... ___. _...- . 13 600 5,059 liiiii 23.467 25,193
Table 143.-.0ffice of Education expenditures, by legislative program, Fiscal years 1960 to 1973-Continued

)In thousands of dollars)

Legislative program 1960 1962 1964 1966 _19617.- 1969 1970 1971 1972 I 1473 3

'1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Education professions development $8,683 St3.893 313,969 342.147 $60,271 $48,655 5104,671 393,541 394,871 $43,053

Elementary and secondary teacher 'raining programs, 8,683 13,893 13,964 42,147 58,387 42,078 72,924 63,0711 59,488 67,305

Preschool, elementary, and secondary training grants to States .___ _. __.. ..__ _.-- 2.085 21,500 22,525 24,483 15,448

MOW education training pregrams ---. ---- --- - - --- 1.884 5,492 10.247 7,938 10,900 10,300

Public Library Services and Construction Act 6.056 6.932 7,443 40.915 62,017 62,794 52,687 52,270 63.214 46.435 Public library services , 6,056 6,932 7,443 25,000 32,391 30,722 30,146 34,482 52.747 38,418 Construction ____ _.__ .... 15,915 26,615 -- 26,897 17.527 12,788 10,467 8,017

Interlibrary cooperation .... . - -- ____ _ -_. 1,096 2,131 1,671 ...- ---- .... Staleinstilutional library service --- .--- .... ..-- 1,175 1,959 1.951 --- .... ---. Library services to physically handicapped ---. . _. ..._ 740 1.085 Y.392 Educational improvement for the handicapped 380 1,191 4,982 15,366 40,955 56.228 79.065 85,146 104,182 113.211 Education for the handicapped -iii 7,667 22,088 31.073 29,280 37.451 39.805 Teacher educalina end recruitment iiii 2-diii 10,448 24,162 21,680 31,219 27,366 32,096 34,612

Research and innovation (includes DeafSlind and Resource

Centers)

-248

1,016 3,227 8,271 9,737 12,516 20.667 18.040 20,402

Captioned Slane and media services 72 1,500 1,691 649 2,640 4,258 5.079 9,927 10.954 Early chitdhood education ____ . ---- ____ .... .... 83 ____ 2,754 6.668 7.438 Rational Defense Education Act , 117,965 158,801 216,338 320,172 370.034 353.869 332,898 330,783 402,310 122,241

Title 11. Student loans and cancellations 40,326 74,532 111,729 177.394 182,825 196,621 194,520 231,706 295,390 40,1111 Title Ill. Instructional assistance: Grants and loans 4 49,1011 39,610 56,131 76,175 85,816 52,328 58.547 44,647 45,820 36.760 Title IV. College teacher fellowships 4,620 17,313 19,680 31,974 60,650 ' 70,337 63,518 40,884 50,000 30,000 Title V. Guidance, counseling, and testing 12,870 14,064 13,710 . 22,017 23,993 21,988 __.. _,__ ___. .... Title VI. Language development:6

Language and area centers, fellowshiPs, and research 10,301 13,382 15,088 12,612 17.550 12,595 16,313 13,546 11,100 15.300 Research and development 6,004 7,461 12,712 31.245 79,955 84.714 87,823 117,049 155,850 150,537

Training and research Construction____ - .. _... __.. ________ .... 4,612

333 4,470490 6,736

1,917

. 6,929

3,582

4,243

12,883

2,840

10,232

Research and development and educational media research and

. dissemination (includes amounts far research in education

renewal proposal) 3. 6,004 7,461 12,712 31,245 74.790 79,754 79,170 106,538 138,719 837.465

- Adult basic education 01

..___ __.. ____ 33,616 28,701 37,527 43,464 . 57,018 60,302 57,480

Civil rights activities 5,291 7,437 8,239 10,608 19,132 19,513 19,000

Landwantcolleges 5.,052 10544 14-,500 "14,500 14,500 14,550 21,961 12,680 12,600 2,600 . Education revenuesharing ____ .... ' ____ ____ ____ ____ 110,000

Special foreign currency program - training, research and study (grants

to American institutions overseas) ____ 6 838 500 857 364 774 1,749 2,749 3,627

Educational broadcasting facilities sz ____ _... .___ .... __ 3,756 4,163 5,580 12,152

Fellow Thilugh ---- ...- __.. ____ -- ____ .___

,8,846

2,222 34,700

Emergency school assistance ..__ .... __ .... ____ ____ ____ 51,2i4 103,327 381,000

011ice of Education salaries and expenses, including technical services

and planning and evaluation . 11,608 12,664 14,251 25,901 40,906 44,754 47,714 66,026 71,223 74,380

Miscellaneous expired accounts

Consolidated Working fund net advances and reimbursements 7.1:ii -:i02

___- -1,101 -1,026 9-,3i'i 11 -iii ____ +2,404

17.745

-769

3,708

---- 686- -
Expenditures from funds transferred to the Office of Education by other Federal enemies:I* Manpower Development and training Actl°

- Educational television facilities Mutual exchange activities tforeign currency)"

Appalachian Regional Development and Training Asti°

Cuban Refugee Program

Office of Economic OpprolunXy

Consolidated Working Fund-moss virility 62

5,195

64,777

1:962

9 603 2,250

° Estimated. 2 Title VI for educatioe of the handicapped is not included here but Is facluded ender "Educational improvement for

the handicapped."

*Includes some elementary-secondery school expenditures from expired accounts.

Includes title X. National Definite Education Act (NDEA).

5 Amounts for college library improvement are included under research and development.

Amounts for vocational research are included under research end development.

Includes tuedstor teacher training institutes (after 1969) provided under the National Foundation on tile Arts and the Humanities Act and NDEA. Includes assistance ender the National Foundation on the Ails and the Humanities Act.

Includes Fulbright -Hays Act.

75,532

4,663

1.592 956i 54.681 10.515

99,451

2611417345337 16.990

Ir 686

11 .395

103,6910

1,303 22.383

11.317 2,250

14,763

121.4510

930

27,128

ti3,4118 38,234

8,165

141,529

137.906 47,280

56,000

° Includes amounts for college lib ary improvement and vocational *search in addition lo ether R.&D. rinds.

Includes amounts for adult vocational education and adult vocational education teaches training.

m Amounts for this activity supported with transferred funds prior 10 1969.

12 Amounts listed below are not included In the Office of Education expenditure totals.

includes amounts for Area Redevelopment Act. 15 Includes Educational Exchange.

w Funds transferred prior to 1967 are included in the Consolidated Working Fund.

',Some 0E0 Uvulas also included in the Consolidated Working Food.

SOURCE: Compiled by the National Center for Educational Statistics and the Office of Administration, Office of Education. OS- Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
Table 104.-Federal grants to State and loos{ gOVISMCISMICIS for elementary and secondary schools,

by agency and by State: Fiscal year 1969

thousands ot deltaral Slate or other area Total and

Office of Education. Department

of Health, Education. Weller.'

Omar Agriculture'Went

of

Department of the

Interior 3

1 2 3 4 5 Total $2,558,336 $1,948,652 5591,243 518,421 Alabama 72,961 54,454 18,507 Alaska 18,596 15.194 722 2,680 Arizona" 32,966 22,951 4,942 5,073 Arkansas 41,331 31,631 9,700 California 217979 185,427 32,229 323 Colorado 32,447 25,710 6,709 28 Connecticut 22,704 16,738 5,966 Delaware 7.433 5,931 1,501 ...... District of Columbia 4,210 2,617 1,593 ...... Florida 77,076 55,501 21,519 56 Georgia 86,929 62,744 24,185 Hawaii Idaho...

15.496 10,414 12.197 7,7253.291

2.246

. 4

-44i

Illinois 90,390 68,735 21,555

Indiana 41,755 27,713 14,042

Iowa 38,427 28,245 10,061 114 Kansas 30,047 22.639 7,360 48 Kenlucky 61.539 47,228 14,311 . Louisiana 61,791 42A89 19,302 Maine 11,571 8,637 2,934 Maryland Massachusetts 45,1%

55,132

36.591 40,290

8,505

14,842 "-'-'

Michigan 81.404 64,114 17,290 Minnesola 48.221 34,335 , 13,073 113 Mississippi 64,211 51,598 12,598 15 Missouri 56451 43,964 12,987 Montana 12,452 10243 1.553 556 Nebraska 17,529 12,730 4,517 282 Nevada . 5,154 4.198 706 250 New Hampshire 6.476 4,675 1,801 Hew Jersey. 53.320 43,641 9979 New Mexico 26,963 20,715 4,684 3,564 New York 339.278 99,654 39,624 North Carolina 105,809 71,604 26,169 36 North Dakota 11,558 8.697 2,989 472 Ohio 90,794 66,204 24,580 Oklahoma 44,939 34,878 1,941 1,120 Oregon 21,186 15,992 5,166 28 Pennsylvania 118.940 90,202 28,738 - -... Rhode Island 1,844 8.359 1,505 South Carolina 56,367 42,342 14,025 South Dakota 16,635 12,896 2,322 1,417 Tennessee 65,031 47,482 17,549 Tens 142,582 131,815 30,767 Utah 16,498 11,383 4,930 165 Vermonl 4,342 3,111 1,161 ''' Virginia

Washington , 65,954

36,592

'- 58,729

28,472

17,225

7,479

' ......

641 West Virginia 29,594 22.377 7,217 . -_._ -- Wisconsin 39,212 27,231 11,981 Wyoming 5421 4,073 922 26 Other 47.051 33,380 13,519 152

t Includes Elementary and Secondary Education Act, National

Defense Education Act, humanities education, aid to lederally affected areas, vocational education, edIgalional improvement for the handicapped, Teacher Corps, and dvil

rights education.

Includes amounts for cash and commodity distributions for

*Hit and private school hod services.

134

I includes Indian educa ion and welfare services 416286990)

and resources management ($2,134,665)

SOURCE: Data from the 1969 "Report of the Secretary of the

Treasury," supplemented by Department et Agriculture tabulations for food services.
Table 145.-Federal obligations to universities and colleges, by-agency and by State: Fiscal year 19701

(In lbeasands of dollars)

State or other area.

Department or agency

Total Agriculture Alomic Energy Commission Commerce Defense Neale,

Eclocatioa, and Welfare

Interior National Aeronautics and Space Administration National Science Foundation Other

2 3 4 6 3 9 10 11 Total $4,137,643 4182,054 $727,736 $5,014 1396,737 42,058,942 127,714 $311,923 siaoso $62.143 Alabama 43,729 5,674 111 0 941 32.622 237 1.310 1,393 1,441 Alaska 8,454 661 271 169 2,090 1,589 408 302 2,296 68 Arizona 24,810 1,762 514 11 2,852 13,837 200 1,594 3,194 346 Arkansas 17,827 4219 155 75 0 12,310 139 60 869 0 California 349,775 6234 16,438 181 39,525 200,996 2,039 22,930 54,130 7,302 Colorado 59,269 2,267 1.392 822 4,218 32,442 1,210 2.820 12,391 1,698 Connecticut 50,378 1,107 3,652 65 2,105 35,255 22) 1,324 6,648 Delaware 4,403 903 30 100 726 1283 93 9 664 0 District of Columbia 84.074 430 298 183 4,67494 69,950 192 1,940 2,734 3,653 Florida , 92,320 3,415 2,013 118 6.3 65,630 834 1,110 11,049 1,777 Georgia Hawaii Idaho

57,133

18,794

5,484

6,111

1,123

1,700

1.092

555

32 245

107

29 3,997

2,16954 36,079 1.413

2,653 453

129

281

1,318

1,103

24 7,090

4,195

711 7530

0

Illinois 151,674 5,479 9,834 125 18,589 87,754 560 4,833 23,093 1,417

Indiana 63,380 5.644 3,632 100 3,382 36,696 295 1,323 11,265 1,043

Iowa 39,996 4,740 155 0 1,690 26,620 547 1,941 3,648 655 Hansas 29,729 3,079 910 0 1.223 19,894 339 569 3,343 372 Kentucky 32,039 6298 99 123 1,136 21,443 211 279 1,575 885 Louisiana 42,064 4.093 300 130 1,164 28,768 193 715 6,207 409 Maine 6254 1,657 4 75 36 3,538 153 30 744 12 Maryland 69,546 2,327 3.299 114 5.201 47,217 294 3,851 7,052 191 Massachusetts 244,169 2,002 13,145 386 58,327 101,331 1,463 33,251 29.454 4,810

Michigan 114,337 5,114 5,567 92 8,757 69,3% 517 5,633 14,978 4,373 Minnesota 57,197' 4.449 1,844 a 2,50/1 39,222 856 1,476 5.030 1,809 Mississippi 27,046 5,764 15 567 17,383 122 416 . 1,457 11,148 Missouri 74,745 5,094 632 10 3,483 57,666 230 1455 5,737 868 Montana 9,076 1,741 33 140 40 5,257 424 0 1,225 186 Nebraska 19,173 2,330 85 0 170 14,548 111 20 1.216 193 Nevada. 5,189 851 248 0 475 1,933 837 223 622 0 New Hampshire 13,584 1,042 48 0 490 7,699 193 1,479 2,633 0 New jersey 49,673 '2466 3,830 81 4,781 25,849 262 4.177 7,834 587 New Mexico 22,375 1,653 75 50 4,941 9,348 449 2,859 1,922 1,078 New York 320,238 6,111 17,199 223 21,080 218,517 2,186 7;411 42,244 5,322 North Carolina 98,799 7,833 2,032 129 5,439 72,892 297 1419 7,392 1,766 North Dakota 8,941 1,973 47 121 460 5,322 101 0 917 0 Ohio 149,782 5,998 2,305 0 12,605 114,558 646 1,876 10,250 1,544 Oklahoma 29.312 3,695 141 43 1.539 11,163 227 965 3,134 355 Oregon 42,351 2.406 1,109 0 2,198 43.588 662 500 10,324 1,574 Pennsylvania 155.176 6,434 4,636 15 9,642 108.420 1,346 3255 19,121 2,305

Rhode Island, 15,577 847 694 0 2,290 6,877 401 269 4,181 18 South Carolina 20,036 4,295 128 0 493 11.775 184 130 2,713 318 South Dakota 9,378 2,140 37 0 12 4.415 1,128 57 1,341 243 Tennessee 62,295 5,611 2,189 290 1.733 46,232 323 652 4,929 336 Texas 140,989 9,361 3,344 225 10,247 93,707 491 9,412 12,111 2,091 Utah 35,052 1,390 1,260 36 4,180 20,713 1,719 287 3,997 1,450 Vermont Virginia

Washington

8.313 50,010

74 439

1,112 4,934

2,975

66 664

31056 O

20

a 324

1,576

3,041

r 8T9 34,272

54,081 88

627

1,062 25 2,743533

684

5,629

9,127

135 40 556 West Virginia 19,207 2,977 340 11,698 691 297 1,975 1,228 Wisconsin 73,725 4,415 3,292 83 1,567 47,481 399 1,603 9,323 5,562

Wyoming 4,731 1,128 116 15 21 1,791 561 117 1,042 0 Marp, 490 0 0 0 0 436 46 0 8 0 Puerto Rico 19,350 4,642 2,641 0 22 11,573 57 0 410 0

Virgin islands 580 56 0 0 0 394 0 87 43 0 Federally funded research

development centers.. 960,906 0 613251 92 131,213 7,932 180.692 27,506 220 Dollars relied actual obligations of 2 Federal age odes eludes the liscat year, regardless of when funds were spent by a recipitnit institution, and includeuniversityoperated

federally funded research and development centers. Excludes repayable loans to students and institutions as well as amounts for Federal employee training.

SOURCE: National Science Foundation. "Federal Support to Universities, Colleges, and Selected Nonprofit InsUtutious, Fiscal Year 197F' (NSF 71-28).

135
Table 146.-Federal grants to State and local governments administered by the Office of Education,

by program and by Stater Fiscal year 1970

[In thousands of dollars)

, State of other area Total

Elementary-secondary educa ion programs

Manpower

Develop- ment and Training Act Higher education 1 Libraries and

community

servkes4

011ier$

Total

Elementary and Secondary and National Defense Education Ms'

Aid lo

federally affected

areas Vocalional education Other ale- mentarysecondaryprograms:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Total $7,984,327 82,073.586 81,071.172 2651,315 8298,738 852,363 $121.050 $162,017 3100,769 326,903 Alabama 82,980 69,926 48,977 11,533 8,418 LON 3,342 4.618 2,390 2,644 Alaska 22,150 19,920 2,038 16,903 415 164 662 1,074 478 16 Arizona 33242 28,340 11,907 14,461 1,690 282 914 2,775 1,003 210 Arkansas 36,995 33,727 26,382 4,029 2,653 663 732 1.127 1,373 36 California 271,890 235,211 106.062 101,672 22,562 4,915 9,649 20,413 6,284 333 Colorado 37,777 29,742 13.030 15.187 1,023 502 3.142 3.938 925 30 Connecticut 28,135 21,510 12,775 4.518 3.346 871 765 3,812 1.380 666 Delaware )0,365 8,405 4.637 2,111 1,619 38 341 755 862 2 District of Columbia 77,628 30.300 20,338 8,645 712 605 8.709 37,131 1,261 227 Florida 97,903 84.742 46,129 23,720 10.622 2,271 3,135 6,836 3,307 t03 Georgia 84,033 75,100 45,135 20,489 8,297 1,179 863 4,209 2,648 1,213 Hawaii 22,877 20,983 3,545 15,631 1,595 232 '332 762 733 67

Idaho 11,038 8.540 4,422 2,893 1.109 116 535 1.318 626 19

Illinois - 114,260 98,056 61,052 17,673 17,368 1,963 3,831 8.936 3,267 179

Indiana 53,849 41,228 22,379 3,946 13,855 1 ,018 3,123 6,974 2,489 35

Iowa 31.188 25,170 19,466 2,977 1,976 751 460 3,585 1,930 43 Kansas 37,856 30,568 13,664 10,536 5,936 382 2.813 2.990 1,453 32 Kentucky 62,501 53,989 37,155 8,842 6.936 1,856 606 3.424 1,899 2.663 Louisiana 60,270 50,276 37,121 5,600 6,643 912 653 6,458 2.863 20 Maine 11,649 8,699 3,366 3,249 1,869 215 454 1,747 731 18 Maryland 74,386 64,620 22.637 33,819 7,312 852 3,923 2,931 1,658 1,254 Massachusetts 59,750 46,043 22,555 15,959 6,254 1,275 4,272 6,973 1,984 478 Michigan 79,832 62,856 40,712 5,319 14,737 2,088 5,033 8,438 3.19$ 310 Minnesota 40.097 30,509 22,567 4,003 . 2,678 1,261 2,929 4,615 1,686 358 Mississippi 56,810 48,049 35,490 5,801 6,107 651 3,292 2,727 1,499 1.243 Missouri 50,685 38,315 25.164 10,446 1.542 1,163 3,908 5.605 2,317 540 Montana,.. 11,945 9,214 3.940 4,909 249 116 773 1,317 596 45 Nebraska 13.269 9,653 3,241 6,151 74 187 227 2,701 688 ..... Nevada 9,476 8,150 1,603 5,775 612 160 165 610 554 -3

New Hampshire 8,891 6,376 3,133 2,243 848 112 283 1,656 568 8 New Jersey 68,593 55,370 32,243 10.768 11,076 1.281 4,413 5.974 2,783 53 New Mexico 32.852 29,623 11.614 14,318 2,663 1.628 358 1,782 1,086 23 New York 255,691 221,307 178.616 22.974 15.941 3,776 9,258 16,320 7,528 '1,278 North Carolina 99,099 85.443 59,936 13.726 10,334 1,445 2.963 6,187 2,905 1,601 Nor* Dakota 12.688 11,065 6,185 4,605 93 132 61 826 718 18 Ohio 103,812 81,220 53,730 12,377 12,806 2,307 6,653 11,638 3,692 1,800 Oklahoma 46,276 37,226 19,472 13,734 3,116 904 2,815 4,526 1,662 47 Oregon 21,725 17,091 10.291 3,287 2,874 639 . 396 3,264 453 121 Pannsylvania 117,990 99,925 66,713 10,643 16,967 2,702 5,716 7,439 4,566 1,244 . Rhode Island 13,200 10,920 4,859 4,646 1,265 150 88 1.368 786 38 South Carolina 56,900 52,165 33,261 10,520 7,694 690 580 1,074 1,904 1,177 Sou* Dakota 14,436 12,511 6,625 4,411 1.244 231 185 655 1,067 18 Tennessee 68,144 58,624 36.699 8,749 9,588 1,588 2,939 3.052 2,376 1,153 Texas 170,348 148,788 94,190 40,378 10,446 3,054 651 14,181 6,653 75 Utah 19,215 15,653 3,852 10,484 1,157 160 366 2,569 512 15 Vermont 5,756 3,890 3,048 221 578 43 247 1,089 509 20 Virginia 103,637 91,023 34,468 45.403 9,623 1,529 3,555 4,141 '2,121 2,767

Washington 46.781 37.907 17,005 14,224 5,594 1,084 3,695 3,929 1,237 13 West Virginia 29.831 23,013 19,050 610 2,720 633 825 2.556 1,190 2,247 Wisconsin 42.273 31.508 21,828 2,324 6,609 756 3.774 5,343 1,618 30 Wyoming 6,748 5,216 2,303 2,159 650 105 192 713 640 -13

Outlying areas 39.160 35,478 23.978 7,919 3,177 404 926 1,355 1,401 ___ Adjustments or undistributed 15.345 11246 3,882 3,757 2,995 614 326 2,485 206 1,080

t Includes elementary-secondary school assistance under the Elementary and Secondary Education, National Defense Education, and Arts and Humanities Acts.

:Includes Teacher Corps ($18,191,272), educational improvement for the handicapped 331,072,629/, and civil rights education 33699,324

'Includes education professions develoPmeal (367,701,219), land-grant college

assistance ($2,600,000), and higher education facilities assistance ($191,716660).

-.Includes public ibrary and community murices, adult basic education, educational T.V. and radio facilities. and public library construction.

136

II includes Civil defense education 33,662,807), public works and economic development (22,960,408), and Appalachia ($20,279,455).

NOTE. - Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: Compiled by the National Center for Educational &Adios, Office 01

Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.
Table 107.-Office of Education funds obligated for instructional materials and equipment, by program: Fiscal year 1970

(In thousands of dollars)

Program Total

Instructional melerials Instructional equipment -I Printed and published materials Audio. visual materials Audio- visual Other Books Other 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total 5280,856 549,670 591,144 531,704 539,393 $68,945

. . Elementary and secondary education activities:

Assistance for educationally deprived children (Elementary and

Secondary Education Act title 1) 148,000 8,000 68,000 10,000. 12.000 20,000

School library materials (Elementary and Secondary Education Act

title It) 35,390 23,590 1,180 10,620 ..... Supplementary educational centers and services (Elementary and

Secondary Education Act bile Ill) 8.253 (I) 2,390 1,957 3,906

instructional assistance (National G.rfense Education Act Bute III) 31,456 (r) 5,136 3,850 22,470 (2)

Expansion and improvement of vocational education 62,575 5,630 8,900 128 117 47,800

Library and community services: . Public library services 7,516 5,600 233 833 285 565 Adult basic education 4.820 4,245 8 - 17 550 Community services and continuing education programs (Maher

. Education Act title 1) 419 6 300 100 3 10 Library resources (Higher Education Act title II) 9,900 6,732 495 2,673

Educational Improvement for the handicapped: . Teacher. education 295 so 60 . 90 56 10 Research and demonstration 153 3 75 20 40 10 Captioned Rims for the deaf and media services 2.079 24 130 1,425 500

/ Funds for books cannot be distinguished and ere included in column 4.

Funds for ether equipment cannot be distinguished and are included with audiovisual equipment.

SOURCE: Special tabulation by the °Mae of Management Information. ORice of Education, U.S. Department of health. Education, and Welfare.

137
Chapter V

Selected Statistics Related to Education in the United States

This chapter consists of a collection of miscellaneous tables which do not fit readily into one of the

other chapters. They were selected because they

are closely related to education in the United States

and are of general interest. They are arranged in

six major categories: (1) Employment status and

job opportunities of persons completing educational

programs and of school dropouts, (2) international

education, (3) library and public television statistics, (4) research and development, (5) equal educational opportunity, and (6) National Assessment

of Educational Progress.

Included in the first group of tables are data

from the Bureau of Labor Statistics on the employment of recent high school and college graduates

and dropouts. Other tables provide information

from the College Placement Council on the salaries

offered candidates for bachelor's, master's, and

doctor's degreesThe section on international education contains

data from the Instititute of International Education

on American college students and college faculty

abroad and on foreign students enrolled in American institutions of higher education. Also included

is a table showing Office of Education data on the

enrollment of foreign students in each State in the

fall of 1968. Two other tables provide statistics

from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and

Cultural Organization (UNESCO) on population and

school enrollment for the world, the continents, and

selected countries. The figures in these latter tables

show general magnitudes only, but they are suitable

for making rough comparisons among countries.

The enrollment estimates were prepared in a variety

of ways and for different years, and the enrollment

139

groupings by level are not strictly comparable from

one country to another.

The third group of tables contains Office of Education statistics on public libraries and college and

university libraries. Also included are data from

Publisher's Weekly and the Library Journal on

trends in the prices of books and periodicals. A

table summarizing the activities of public television

stations has been added to the section this year.

The fourth group of tables relates to the general

area of research and development Included is a

table showing the number and median salary of

scientists on the National Science Foundation's

National Register of Scientific and Technical Personnel by field and by type of employer. Another

table contains Office of Education estimates of

expenditures for educational research. Other tables,

utilizing data obtained from the National Science

Foundation. show the amounts and sources of

funds used for research and development. Statistics

on Federal funds for research and development are

not included in this section but may be found in

chapter IV.

The next group of tables presents data from the

Commissioner's report on Equality of Educational

Opportunity, released by the Office of Education in

1966, and from a recent press release distributed

by the Office of the Secretary of Health, Education,

and Welfare.

The final group of tables was derived from the

National Assessment of Educational Progress.

Summary data are presented on the performance

of persons in various age groups in the areas of

writing. citizenship, science, reading, and literature.
Table 148...College enrollment and labor force status of 1971 high school graduates, by sex, color, and marital

status of women: United States, October tan

'Numbers in thousands)

Item

Civilian non.

institutional

population

ci4ilian labor force Not in

labor Number force As percent of Population

Employed

Unemployed Number Percent Somber As percent of civiGan labor force

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Both sexes

Total i 2,872 100.0 1.624 56.5 1.374 250 15.4 1.248 White 2,596 90.4

... 1,480 57.0 1,277 203 13.7 1.116 Negro and other races 276 9.6 144 52.2 97 47 32.6 132 Enrolled in college 1,535 53.4 672 37.3 503 69 12.1 963

full-time... 1,445 50.3 500 34,6 437 63 12,6 945 Part-time 90 3.1 72 80,0 ' 66 6 131 18 Not enrolled in college 1,336 46.5 1,051 78.7 870 181 17.2 285 Men Total 1.369 100.0 141 61.4 725 116 13.0 528 Enrolled in college 788 57.6 318 40,4 275 43 13.5 470 Not enrolled in college 581 42.4 S23 90.0 . 450 73 14.0 58 Women

.. Total 1,503 100.0 783 52.1 649 130 17.1 720 Enrolled in college 747 49.7 254 34.0 228 26 10.2 493 Not enrolled In college 755 50.3 528 69.9 420 108 20.5 . 227 , . Single 612 40.8 454 742 355 99 21.8 158 Married and other marital status= 143 9.5 74 51.7 65 9 II7 41

r Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.

k Includes widowed, divorced, and separated.

NOTE.-Data are for the civilian neninstdulional population 16 to 24 years of age.

Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. "Monthly Labor

Review," May 1972.

140
Table 149.-Employment status of 1971 high school graduates not enrolled-in college and of 1970.71 school dropouts,

by sex, color, and marital status of women: United States, October 1471

'Numbers in thousands)

Item

Civilian noninsti odium' population

Civilian labor force Not in labor torte Number Percent Number As percent of population

Employed

Unemployed Total

i

In special Number As percent of schools civilian labor force

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1971 high school graduates not

enrolled lo college

Total 1,336 100.0 1.051 78.7 870 181 17.2 284 99 Men 581 43.5 523 90.0 450 73 14.0 58 18 Women 755 56.5 528 69.9 420 108 20.5 227 81 Slagle 612 45.8 454 74.2 355 99 21.8 .158 (I) Married and other marital stalest 143 00.7 74 513 65 9 . (3) 69 (9 White 1,190 89.1 944 79,3 801 143 15.1 246 92 Negro and other races

1970.71 school dropouts4

046 10.9 107 73.3 69 38 35.5 39 7 Totals 655 100,0 415 63.4 305 110 26.5 240 22 Men ' 353 53,9 286 81.0 200 76 26.6 67 03 Women 302 46.1 129 423 1 95 34 26.4 073 9

Single Ill 27.6 96 53.0 74 22 22.9 SS -8 Married and other menial stalest 021 18.5 33 , 27.3 21 12 (I 88 -- White 540 82.4 353 66.4 266 87 24.6 187 15 Negro and other races 1LS 17.6 62

_i 53.9 39 23 (3) 53 7

'Data not available,

5 Includes widowed, divorced, and separated women.

5 Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000.

4 Persons who dropped out of school between October 1970 and October 1971.

5 in addition, 65,000 persons 14 and 15 years old dropped out of school.

NOTE. -Data are for the civilian noninsbtulional populat on 16 to 24 years of age.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. "Monlbly Labor

Review," May 1972.

i i I
. ...

. . Table 150.-Major occupation groups of employed high school graduates not enrolled in college, by year of high school

grad mutton, and of school dropouts, by year last attended school, by sex: United States. October 1971

'Percentage distribution of persons 16 to 24 years of ages

Maier occupation group and sex

Graduates of- Dropouts last attended

school 1949 1970 I (911 1969 1970 1971

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Men All oCcuaetion groups: Number (thousands) 601 469 450 224 155 129 Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Professional, technical, and kindred workers 1.5 2.1 2.2 ,9 1.9 Managers and administrators. except farm 5.8 1.7 12 2.7 4.5 -.8

Clerical and kindred workers 10.1 6,4 . 6.4 .4 7.1 4.8 Sales workers 5.6 4.5 5.8 /.3 5.2 5.6 Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers 19.6 162 10.9 11.7 11.0 9.6 Operatives and kindred workers 31.1 37.4 32.8 36.3 27.1 26.4

laborers, except farm and mice 16.6 10.9 22.2 29.1 22.6 33.6 Private household workers. Service workers, except private household 7.0 Ili 82.0 3

9.0 15.5 10;1 Fanners and farm managers Farm laborers and foremen

.2 2.5.2 3.6 6,0

.4 7.2 5.2 8.8 Women All occupation groups'. Number (thousands) 667 503 420 - 118 85 54 Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 300.0 (11 Professional, technical, and kindred workers

Managers and administrators, except farm

4.9

1.5

1.2

1.0 2.9.7

.8

.8 12

Clerical and kindred workers 56.4 52.6 47.7 20.3 19.0 Sales workers 7.3 82 2.4 6.8 3.6 Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers .9 1.0 - .8 Operatives and kindred workers 10.9 11.4 1.7.1 31.4 27.4 Laborers, except farm and mine A 2 1.9 2.5 Private household workers .1 32 4.3* '2.5 14,3 Service workers, except private household 16.9 19.9 16.4 31.4 , 25.0 Farmers and farm managers Farm laborers and foremen .i 1i 13 2.5 "5

$ Percent not shown where base is less than 75.000.

14076.-Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Slatislks. Special Labor Force Report fro, 145, "Employment of High School Graduates and Dropouts. October 1471."

142
Table 151.-Relationship of work of degree recipients' to major field of study, and reason for working in a job not

directly related to field: United States, October 1972

[Percentage distribution]

Relationship and

season Total

Sex of ecipient Type of degree Me or field of study- Men Women Bachelor's All

other

,-- Business or commerce Education Humanities Social sciences

. All other

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 RELATIONSHIP OF WORK TO FIELD

Total employed:

Member (In thousands) 1,024 599 425 766 3 258 178 258 140 199 250 Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100,0

Directly related 58.1 54.5 63.3 52.0 ___ 51.2 77.9 44.4 35.1 67.6 Not directly related 41.9 45.5 36.7 49.0 ___ 48.8 22.1 55.6 64.9 32.4 Somewhat related 19.0 21.9 143 19.7 ... 35.9 8.3 24.4 20.2 13.8 Not related 22.9 23.6 1 21.9 28.3 ___ 12.9 13.8 31.1 44.7 ' 18.6 MAIN REASON FOR WORK NOT DIRECTLY RELATED Not directly related:

Number (In thousands) - 429 273 156 363 361 8?. 57 78 128 al : Percent 100.0 ,. 100.0 100.0 100.0 0) 100.0 0) 100.0 100.0 100.0 Drily job could find 44.0 33.9 51.4 44.5 ___ 37.7 --- 36.8 43.4 39.7 Better opportunities for advancement thm in

niaier field 12.0 . 18.4 .7 12.1" ___ 18.2 10.3 11.5 8.2 To see if liked kind of work 12.0 13S 9.3 111 ' .._ 153 11.8 142 ILO

Did not want to work in Held 5.7 4.1 8.6 4.8 ___ ... 11.8 8.8 5.5 MI other., 26.3 . 302 20.0 27,0 ___ iiii ___ 29.4 22.1 35.5

1 Data are for persons under age 35 in the civilian noninstitu lanai population In October 1971 who received b cltelor's or advanced deg ees in 1970 0 1971 and who were not enrolled in school full time in October 1971. .. 3 Original source revised by Office of Education.

i Percent not shown where base is less than 75,000. . SOURCE-. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 'Employment of Recent College Graduates, October 1971.".

Table M.-Occupation group of employed degree recipients, by sex: United States, Octobir 1971

'Percentage distribetion]

Occupation group Both

sexes Men Women Occupation group Both

sexes Men Women

1 2 3 4 1,, 2 3 4 Total: Number (in thousands)

Percent Professional and technical workers Engineers

Life and physical scientists

Health occupations Social scientists Teachers, college and university

Teachers, except college

Engineering and science technicians

Other professional, technical, and kindred workers.

1.024

100.0 99100.0, 425 100.0 Managers and administrators, ascent farmSales workers Clerical and kindred workers ...

Secretaries, stenographers, and typists Other clerical workers Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers

Operatives and kindred workers

Laborers, except tam and mine Farmers and farm laborers Service workers

2.5

7.1 11.9

.1 3.2 11.3

7.1

. 1.7 1.7 182 . 69.6 662

'

74.1 2.6

993 . .7.1

6.1 6.3 12.1

.8

5.3

2.1 33

33.5

1.1 16.8

ILI 1.3

4.7 2.1

5.4 20.8

1.1

/9.7

I

.2

6.1 2.2

IS

493

1.0 13.1

1.9 7.9

.8

.6

3.6

3.4 2.81.5 , 1.1 3.4...

.5

... 3.9

Data are for persons under age 35 in the civilian nosinstitutional population in October 1971 who received bachelor's or advanced degrees in 1970 or 1971 and who were not enrolled in school lull time In October 197/.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, "Employment of Recent College Graduates, October 1971."

143
Table 153.-Average monthly salary offers to finale candidates for the bachelor's degree, by field of study:

United States, 195647 to 1971-72

Field of study 1966-67

. 1967-68. 1968-69 1969-70 1970-71 1971-72 Percent change

1966-67

to

1971.72

1970-71

to

1971-72

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

,

. Business and commerce: Accounting $637 $689 3761 $836 $846 $854 34.1 .9 Business. general (including management) 613 651 687 721 716 726 184 1.4 Engineering: Aeronaulical 724 NI 811 850 860 884 . 22.1 2.8 Chemical 733 790 849 902 920 928 26.6 .9 Civil 706 750 797 837 850 869' 23.1 2.2 Electrical 728. 774 826 869 877 888 22.0 1.3

Industrial 707 757 802 849 866 071 23.2 .6 Mechanical . 720 768 820 867 881 894 24.2 1.5 Metallurgical 710 764 811 873 888 831 24.1 -.8

Humanities end social sciences 589 626 667 700 699 702 19.2 .4 Marketing and distribution 538 629 669 702 693 706 - 20.1 1.9 Sciences- Agricultural sciences (1) (s) 686 705 700 694 (') -.9

Chemistry, mathematics, and physics 691 728 784 809 794 795 15.1 .1 Chemistry 689 729 775 825 795 783 13.6 -1.5

Mithematics 684 720 779 794 787 795 16.2 1.0 Physics 712 751 803 827 826 818 14.9 -1.0

Data not available. ROTE. -Gala are based on information supplied by more than 100 participating

colleges and universities throughout the country.

SOURCE: College Placement Council Salary Surveys. "A Study of 196647 Beginning Offers:' "A Study of 1969-70 Beginning Offers by Business and indlmllY."

and-"A Study of 1971.72 Beginning Offers by Business and Industry." (Copyright

1967, 1970, and 1972, respectively, by the College Placement Council, Inc., Bethlehem, Pa. All rights reserved.)

Table 154.- Average monthly salary offers to male candidates for master's and doctor's degrees, by field of study:

United States, .196940 to 1971-72

Field of study

Master's degrees °otter's degree

1969.70 1970-71 1971-72 Percent change. 1970-71 to

1971.72

1969.70 1970.71 I 1971.72 Percent change, 1970-71 to

1971.72

1 2 3 4 5 -6 7 9 Business administration, industrial management, or commerce:

After nontechnical undergraduate degree $1,044 31,044 31,057 1.2 (a) (5) (a) (a)

After technical undergraduate degree 1,112 1,01 1,129 1.6 (2) (a) (a)

Engineering: Chemical 1,036 1,054 1,055 0.1 31,375 31.395 $1,405 0.7 Civil 960 978 993 1:5 1,236 1,102 1,227 11.3 Electrical 1.015 1,018 1,018 0.0 1,429 1,388 1,439 3.7

industrial 1,014 1,004 1.038 1.4 fa) ia) Mechanical 1,008 . 1,019 1,030 1.1 1,370 1,278 1,381 8.1 Sciences: Agriculture and related sciences 872 877 884 0.8 (al (a)

Chemistry 978 949* 924 -2.6 1,278 1.259 1,290 2.5 Mathematics 959 937 927 -1.1 1,421 1,448 1,367 -5.6

Physics 985 929 982 5.7 1,309 1.315 1,352 2.8 3 Data are for men with 3 year or less of full-lime, nonmilitary employment

:Data not available:

1107E. -Dale are based on information supplied by more than 100 participating

collevrs and Universities throughout the country.

144

SOURCE: Col ego Placement Council Salary Survey, "A Study of 1971 72 Beginning

Offers by Business and industry." (Copyright 1972 by the College Placement Council, Inc., Bethlehem, Pa, All rights reserved.)

3
Table 1550...United States college faculty abroad, -by country Table 156.-United States college students abroad, by country

and by field of interest:1970-71

Country and field of interest

College facts Ity abroad Number Percent 1 2 3 Total 6,291 100.0 Country:

United Kingdom 955 15.2 France 387 6.2 Germany, Federal Republic of 371 5.9

Italy 242 3.8

India 239 3.3

Israel 164 2.6 Spain, 155 2.5 Switzerland 148 2.4

Japan 140 2.2 Mexico 134 2.1 Canada 95 1.5 Brazil 90 1.4 Aiistralia. 84 1.3 Austria.. 84 1.3 Nelbertands 81 1.3 Other countries 2.922 46.4 Field of interest: Humanities 1,969 30.3 Social sciences .1,466 23.3 Physical and life sciences 1,334 21.2 Education 416 6.6 Medical sciences 353 5.6 Agriculture 308 4.9 Engineering 296 4.7

'Business administration 161 2.6 Other or field unknown. 48 .8 NOTE. - Because of rounding, percentages may not add to 100.0.

SOURCE: institute of International Education, New York. "Open Doors 1971."

and by field of study: 1969.70

Country and field of study

College students abroad Number Percent 2 3 Total 32,148 100.0 Country: . France.. 6.219 19.3 Canada 5.447 16.9 Mexico 4,402 13.7 Germany, Federal Republic of 2,182 6.8 United Kingdom 2,093 6.5

Italy 1,662 5.2

Israel 1,594 5.0 Spain 1,442 4.5

Japan 1.051 3.3 Philippines 1.017 3.2 Belgium 762 2.4 Switzerland 684 2.1 Colombia 590 1.8 Sweden 388 1.2 Vatican City State 343 1.1 Oilier countries 2,272 7:1 Field of stody: Humanities 12,629 39.3 Medical sciences 3.885 12.1 Social sciences .. 3,826 11.9 Physical and tile sciences 1,363 42

Business administration 550 2.0 Education 546 . Engineering 434 IA

Agriculture 72 .2 Other fields 8.743 272

145

N078.-8444844 of rounding, percentages may not add lo 100.0.

SOURCE: Institute of International Education, New York, "Open Doors 19717.
Table 157.-.Eitiolletent of foreign students in institutions of higher education, by level and by State: Fall 1963

State All foreign

students enrolled Unde graduate students First-prolessional students Graduate students Total Men Women Total Men

, Women , Total Men Women

1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 it

Willed States 108,159 58,371 41,271 17,105 3,373 2,984 389 46,410 37,564 8.846 Alabama 473 254 179 75 33 . 33 186 153 33 Maska 64 50 34 16 ._. _.. ... 14 14 Arizona 1,103 787 581 206 1 1 __ 315 276 39 Arkansas 299 226 160 16 1 1 ... 72 61 11 California 16,404 10,290 7,223 3,067 312 270 42 _....: 5,802 4,757 1.045 Colorado 1,549 1,019. 735 284 15 13 2 515 416 99 Connecticul 1,215 417 292 125 75 67 8 723 588 135 Delaware 278 Ill 78 33 167 ' 136 31 District of Columbia 3,406 1,993 1,354 639 168 144 24 1,245 904 341 Florida , 1,820 1,314 976 338 : 3 3 __ 503 414 89 Georgia 786 388 293 95 26 21 5 372 338 34 Hawaii 1.251 717 462 255 .. --- ... 534 387 . 147

Idaho 464 379 248 131 1 1 --. 84 75 9

Illinois 6,073 2,401 1,754 647 556 489 67 3,116 2,573 543

ildiana 3,475 1.494 951 . 543 94 79 15 1.887 1,428 459

Iowa 1,567 695. 460 '235 59 56 3 '803 640 163 Kansas 1,717 905 '644 261 4 4 ... 808 156 152 Kentucky 753 442 281 161 43 39 4 268 202 66 Louisiana .1,345 823 638 185 158 132 26 364 286 - 78 Maine

. z 2331 190 139 51 1 . 1 ... 42 37 5 Maryland 1,694 978 661 317 20 19 I 696 566 130 Massachusetts 6,106 2,443 1,475 968 570 528 . 42 3,093 2;422 671 Michigan 5,985 3,478 2,744 734 169 . 141 28 2,338 1,879 459 Minnesota 2.051 915- 598 317 35 31 4 1,101 864 237 Mississippi 462 217. 171 46 1 ... 1 244 213 31 Missouri 2,576 1.293 896 397 57 53 4 1,226 . 967 259 Montana 421 288 245 43 3 3 ... 130 100 30 Nebraska 463 319 203 116 5 5 ___ 139 113 26 Nevada 102 62 51 11 -ii ... 40 34 6 New Hampshire 399 250 196 54 38 ... ill 100 11 New Jersey 1,662 715 509 206 32 21 6 915 855 10 New Mexico 533 307 267 40 226 200 26 New York 11,821 5,524 3,754 _ 1,770 241 229 li 6,056 4.807 1,249

NorthCarolina 1,587 721 518 208 20 16 4 841 198 143 North Dakota 687' 451 364 87 4 4 ... 232 205 27 Thin 3,538 2,063 1.427 636 179 136 43 1,296 1,058 238 Oklahoma 1,580 1,044 885 159 37 35 2 499 437 62 Dragon 1,802 1,171 . 825 346 23 22 1 608 485 123 Pennsylvania 4,301 1,857 1,257 600 177 158 19 2,267 1,829 438 Rhode Island 498 201 139 62 _. ... ... - 297 249 48

louth Carolina 361 188 144 44 7 7 166 141 25 South Dakota 250 140 110 . 35 11 11 99 89 10

rennessee. 1.375 768 619 149 - 35 28 7 572 457 115 Was 4,676 2,942 2,206 736 79 71 8 1.655 1.373 282 Utah 1,797 1,192 772 420 ___ ... ... 605 509 96 Vermont 279 203 119 84 "ii

... 76 59 17 Virginia 705 419 255 164 ;-ii 3 255 225 30 Washington 2,615 1156 1,116 540 12 11 t 947 742 205 Nest Virginia 413 235 184 51 5 4 1 173 150 23 Wisconsin 2,769 1,243 905 338 27 24 3 1,499 1,215 284 Wyoming 247 143 124 19 5 2 3 99 . 93 6 U.S. Service Schools 139 50 50 --- ___ ... 89 89 ---

.

. Outlying areas 2,104 1,594 1,045 - 549 38 30 B 472 341. 131

.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Residence and Migration of College Students, fal11968:'

146 -
Foreign Students Enrolled In American Institutions Of

Higher Education

Nearly., 135,000 foreign students were enrolled

in American institutions of higher education in

1969-70, according to Open Doors 1970, a publication of the Institute of International Education.

This is a gain of 11 percent over 1968-69 and an

all-tinie high. Fifteen years ago, the Institute in

its first edition of Open Doors reported only 34,000

foreign students in this country.

In 1969-70, the 134,959 foreign students represented 176 countries. More than 5,000 students

came from each of the following countries: Canada,

India, Republic of China, Hong Kong, and Iran. The

accompanying chart shows the percentage distribution of the foreign students by area of origin. As

in previous years, the largest proportion of. the

foreign students were from the Far East.

The foreign students attended 1,734 institutions

Of higher education located in all 50 States, the

District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the

Virgin Islands. Fifty percent of the students were

enrolled in institutions in' six States: California,

New York, Illinois, Florida, Michigan, and Massachusetts.

The fields of study selected by the foreign students were engineering, which was the choice of

22 percent; humanities, 20 percent; physical and

life. sciences, 16 percent; social sciences, 13 percent; business administration, 12 percent; education, six percent; medical sciences, four percent;

agriculture, three percent; and other or not specified, four percent.

Undergraduates outnumbered graduates by a

small margin in the foreign student population.

Forty-seven percent of the students were undergraduates; 44 percent were graduates. Six percent'

were classified as special studehts, and the academic level of the remaining three percent is

unknown.

"NEVA A. CARLSON,

specialist in educational statistics

147
Table 158.-11 mnber of foreign students enrolled in American institutions of higher education, by area of origin: 145445 to 1970.71

Academic year Total Area of origin

far East Near and Middle East Europe* Latin America North America* Africa Oceania Stateless or country unknown

1 2 3 1 6 7 10 11

. . 1954.55 34,232 9,838 4,416 5,196 8,446 4,714 1,234 337 -9 42 1955-56 36,494 11,202 4,662 5,502 8,474 5,042 1,231 353 2 26

1956.57 40.666 '12,949 5,243 5,996 9,110 5,444 1,424 424' 9 67 1957-58 43,391 14.206 5,695 6,816 9,212 5,354 1,515 495 21 77

1958.59 47,245 15,823 6,619 6,601 10,249 5,512 1.735 . 612 5 89

1959-60 48.486 17,175 7,110 6,382 9,428 5,761 1,959 568 30 93

1960.61 53,107 19,222 7,862 6,686 9,626 6,128 2,831 658 16 78 1961.62 511,086 21.568 8,277 6.833 9,915 6,639 3,930 796 37 91

196243 64,705 23,768 8,847 7,888 11,021 7,089 4,996 948 35 113 196344 74,814 26,531 10,131 9,298 12.882 8,548 6,144 1,080 50 150 a 196445 82.045 29,400 11,217 10,073 . 13,657 9,338 6,855 1,265 35 205 196546 82,709 29.049 11,217 10.186 13,998 9,851 6,896 1,325 40. 147 196647 100262 33,570 12,830 14,151 18.1e2 12,230 7,110 1,635 56 438

1967-68 110,315 37,228 12.347 15,488 21,908 12,236 1,683 68 1,456

1968-69 121,362 42,632 13,918 16A18 23,438 12,948 6,979 1,869 35 3,125 1969-70 134,959 49.189 15,122 18 ,473 .24,991 13,415 7,607 2,077 51 4,034

1970-71 144,708 54,247 17,0;52 18,275 29,300 12.732 8,734 1,995 31 2,342 1 Excludes the U.S.S.R. (shown separately in column 10).

*Excludes Mexico and Central America, which are included with Latin America.

NOTE, -- Beginning in 196647, Includes foreign students who intend to remain in

the United Slates.

'

148

SOURCE: Instituted international Education, New York, "Open boo s," 195445 to

1971.
Table 169.-.Flumber of foreign students enrolled in American institutions of higher education, by area of origin,

major field of interest, and academic status: 1970.71

Major field el interest

and manna status Total

Area of origin Far East Near and Middle East" Europe 3

Lelia America Mirth

America' Attica Oceania U.S.S.R. Stateless or country unknown

1 2 3 5- 8 9 10 11 All nerds 144,708 54,247 17,052 18,275 29,300 12,732 8,734 1,995 31 2,342

Agriculture 3,735 1.336 314 328 944 304 409 57 43 Undergraduate 1.068 171 78 57 450 156 122 11 13 Graduate. 2,537 1,133 2111 459 143 279 46 28 Other a 130 32 5 53 25 5 8 2 Business administration 18.320 7:050 1,788 2.296 4,254 1,340 1.191 240 1 160 Undergraduate 11,471 4,097 1,135 870 3,457 860 - 805 156 1 90 Graduate 6,310 2,751 616 1,338 680 447 337 76 65 Other' 539 202 37 88 117 33 49 8 5 Education 7,896 2,048 558 805 1,612 1,955 525 264 - 1 127 Undergraduate 3.558 394 . 201 364 1,119 1,129 169 140 42 Graduate Other'

4,049

289 3,576

78 34017 376- 65

45736 nl56

335

21

114

- 10 796 Engineering 33,832 15,21 6.794 2,906 5,257 985 .1.368 152 5 424 Uodergraduale Graduate

17,379

15,573

5,897 9.636

4,8511 1.776

1.169

1,643 3,848

1.288

622

344 690649

55

89

245

147 Other' 880 388 168 94 121 19 49 8 32 Humanities 25,334 6.571 2,174 .5,I54 6.156 3,142 1,142 350 15 630 Undergraduate 13,328 2,977 1.327 2,237 3,890 1,818 592 148 . 4 335 Graduate 8,564 2,928 595 2,137 1,089 1,133 449 183 5 145 Other' 3,342 666 252 730 1,177 191 101 19 6 150 Medical sciences 6.994 2,418 636 652 1,770 642 633 132 1 110 Undergraduate. 4,190 1,33s 422 341 1,167 335 413 85 1 91 Graduate Other' 2,599

205

1,02360

19618

2813056142

276

31 20020

45

2 172"

Physical and lite sciences 21,733 11,308 2,079 2,298 2,761 1.505 1,255 308 4 215 Undergraduate 7.333 2,948 915 727 1,475 553 556 93 65 Graduate 14,042 8,193 1,126 3,508' 1,246 932 678 -210 3 146 Other 3 358 167 38 63 - - 40 20 21 4 Social sciences 17,936 5,418 1,973 2,594 3,455 2,189 1,685 373 1 177 Undergraduate 7,542 - 1,811 7611 958 1,9811 1,101 697 164 1 54 Graduate 10,067 3.580 1,180 1,553' 1.412 1,066 951 208 117 Other' 327 97 25 83 55 22 38 1 All other.gelds ... 703 157 89 312 47 27 14 5 Undergraduate 577 110 72 32 293 41 13 11 5 Graduate 80 38 5 13 7 4 11 2 Other 46 9 12 7 12 2 3 1

field and status unknown 8225 1,950 647 1.190 2,779 622 478 105 3 451

I Excludes the U.S.S.R. (shown separately hi column 10).

Excludes Mexico and Central America, which are included with Latin America.

) Special students and academic slates unknown.

SOURCE: Institute el International Education, New York, "Open Doors 1971."

140.
.

'fable 16C-estimated total population and enrollment, by level, in selected countries of the world:1967

Country Population

(in thousands) Enrollment All levels First level of educations Second level of educalion 2 Third level

of education' 1 2 3 I 5 6 Africa

Ethiopia 23.457 536.091 452,457 79.534 4,1x0

Nigeria 69,450 " 3,294.360 " 3,025,981 3 257,403 't0.976 Sou lh Africa 18,733 3.154,878 12.546,824 "540.691 67.363 United Arab Republic 30.907 4.876,304 3.506,429 1,195261 174,614 Asia Chins (mainland) 720,000 100,810,000 s 90,000,000 09,990.900 082000

India 511,115 958.143.159 "49.639.000 97.410.565 91293254

'Indonesia 110.000 14,346.551 12,574,823- 1,579,312 192,416

luael. 2,669 " 608.024 ,450,359 . *118.539 3 39,126

Japan 99,920 20.889,234 9.452271 10.040,386 1,336,777 Korea, North 12.700 2265,000 . n2.000,000 It 65.000 Korea. Republic of 29.784 6,928.460 5.382,930 1,375,019 170,941 Pakistan 107,258 '10,341.764 '7,298,321 " 2,751.483 3 241,954 Philippines 34,656 97218234 105,916,106 )01,183,307 n519,221 Saudi Arabia 6.990 366,901 329.197 3 35.811 3 1,893 Thailand 32.680 5,453,031 4283.113 436,506 33.412 Turkey 32.710 5.594 774 4,509,433 959,694 125,647

Vietnam, North 20,100 1.115,996 '1,081.847 0 30,149 124,00

Vietnam, Republic or 16.973 2,571,232 2,023,893 513,410 33,929

Europe Austria 7,323 1257,446 836,670 367,039 53,737

Belgium 9,531 1,399283 1,015,563 324,948 59,172 Czechoslovakia 14,305 2,620,969 2,109.183 374,289 137,497 France 49,890 9,415,623 5,336.042 3.465,677 613,904

Germany:

Federal Republic 57,699' 10250,783 5,734;487 4,099.912 416,384 West Berlin 2,173 "258,523 0122.911 "103,124 *32,488

East Germany 17,082 3,0.38.325 2,339204 624,416 74,705

Italy 52,334 11,298,089" 4,594,033 3,329,570 374,486 Netherlands 12,597 2.735,561 1,427,966 1,124.551 183,1)44 Poland 31,944 7.189.375 5,706.270 1,194,317 288,788 Romania 19,287 3,565,622 2.879,881 544,152 141,589

Spain 32,140 5.039.921 3,552,393 0 1.329,675 157,853 United Kingdom 55,068 9,914,453 .5,732,425 3.770216 411,512 . Yugoslavia 19,958 3,744,522 2293,624 639,993 210,910

North America Canada 20,441 5.611,105 3,836,476 1,324,727 449,902 Canal Zone 56 15,950 - 8,969 5,697 1,2E4 Cuba 8,033 1,561,198 1,273,501 250,291 37,326

Marko 45,671 9248.291 7,772,257 1,121,745 154.289 Puerto Rico 2.697 766,387. 426.048 242,614 47,725 United Slates 199,118 57,098,748 32201,000 18,006,000 6,911,748

Virgin Islands (U.S.A.) 56 15.878 111,086 4,459 1,333 Oceania American Samoa 29 9.549 7,215 2,284 so 50 Australia 11,751 2,894,939 1,740,521 1,001,418 153,000 Guam 94 25281 14,912 8,722 1,597 Nevi Zealand 2,726 716,948 500,893 1611,534 47,516 South America

Argentina 23,031 3,915,334 3,206,625 444,661 264,048 Brazil 85.655 12,809,650 1I,182,746- 1.411,592 215.3U

Chile 8,935 2,025,105 113,355 57,146 Colombia 19,191 s 2.641.723 ' 2.408,489 '189,394 3 49,930 Peru 12.385 2,831.075 2234,393 511,173 83,509 Venezuela 9,352 1,966.067 1250.110 357,070 58,807 U.S.S.R.. 235,543 52,624,500 39.14c= . 8,567,600 4,310,900

1 Firs! level includes elementary school enrollment the main (traction of which is

to provide basic instruction in The toots at Wasting. Preschool, kindergarten, and

special education engolimerds are excluded,

'Second level includes general, vocational, and leech ertraining e n rollmenfs at the

secondary school level. Enhance to secondary schools requires at least 4 years

previous instruction al the lint level. Special and adult education enrollments are excluded. -

'Third level includes colteges and universities that require the successful comPle

lion of education al the second level as a minimum entiance*ceouirement. Adult edecallos enrolimenfs am excluded,

' Data far 1966. . 150

s Data for 1963. s Data for 1964. s Data for 1959. Data for 1958. 9 Data for 1962. so Oats (or 1965.

u Oats for 1957. General education at the second level Is Included wish the ijfil

level of educalion..

SOURCE: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cullural Organization, Paris.

"Statistical Yearbook, 1969."
I Table 161,- Estimated population and enrollment, by level, in major areas of the world: 1967

110 Ihoasands) . Major area

Population Enrollment 3 All ages 510 24 years I of age/ All levels First level of education' Second Level Tof education'

Third level of education 6

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 World total 3020,000 1,297,937 443,619 370,814 101,268 21,534 Africa 328,000 138,901 32,758 28.028 4,373 368 Asia (excluding U.S.S.R.) 1.907,000 749.735 164,194 126,880 32,724 4,690

Europe (excluding U.S.S.R) 452.003 139.027 81.776 61.729 25,450 3,596 Oceania 18.100 5,991 4,240 2,783 1.241 216 U.S.S.R 236,000 79,382 52,625 39.746 0.568 4,311

Western Hemisphere: North Americas 220.003 77.366 60269 33.361I 19,547 7,362

Middle America' 61.000 25.412 11,471 . 9,826 1,449 196 South Americo 174,000 72,229 31,651 24,759 6,086 806 Caribbean 24,000 9,895 4.636 3,703 830 103

I Does not include dale for the mainland of China, North Korea, and North Vietnam.

2 Data for 1965. Does not include North. Korea, Ryukyu Islands, Israel, Cyprus,

Polynesia, and Micronesia. The total population of these areas In 1965 is estimated

at 16,084000.

3 First level includes elementary school enrollment the main function of which is

to provide basic instruction in the tools of learning. Preschool, kindergarten. and

special education enrollments are excluded.

'Second level includes general, vocational, and leacher-training encollmenis at the

secondary school level. Entrance to'sccondary schools requires at least 4 years'

previous instruction at the first level. Special and adult education enrollments

. are excluded.

Third level includes colleges and universities that require the successful completion of education at the second level as a minimum entrance requirement, Adult education enrollments are excluded. 6 Includes United States, Canada, Bermuda, Greenland, and St. Pierre and

Miquelon,

2 Includes Mexico, British. Honduras, Canal Ione, and the Central American

countries. NOTE.-Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Paris,

"Statistical Yearbook, 1969:'

Table 162.-Broadcast hours of public television stations, by type of programing and by type of licensee, geographic region,

and budget size: United Stales and outlying areas, fiscal year 1971

Type of licensee,

geographic region, and

adjusted budget size Number of stations

Broadcast hours, by type of programing Total Programing for classroom Programing for general audience Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total 193' 639,611 100.0 226,165 100.0 413.446 100.0 Type of licensee:

Institutions of higher education 58 174,241 27.3 49,315 210 124,926 30.2 Local public school systems 23 61,549 9.6 27,997 124 33,552 8.1 State authority, Stale education agency,

municipsi authority, and other

licensed agencies 60 222,162 34.) 10,989 39.8 132.173 32.0 Community organizations 52 181.659 28.4 58,864 26.0 122,795 29.7 Geographic region:

North Atlantic 39 135,017 21.1 40,792 18.0 94,226 22.8 Great Lakes and Plains 47 156,450 24.5 57,524 25.4 98,926 23.9 Southeast 67 227,403 35.6 89,301 39.5 138,102 33.4 West and Southwest 37 112,077 17.5 . 36.848 16.3 75,229 13.2 Outlying areas 3 8,664 1,700 0.8 6,964 1.7 Adjusted budget size:

Under $100,000 -6 13,503 2,1 6,170 2.7 7,333 1.8

s100,000$249,999 16 '43,050 6.7 12,855 5,7 30,204 7.3 $250,000-$699,999 70 213,326 33.4 70,211 31.1 143,115 34.6 $700,0001,999,999 69 239,411 37.4 91,903 40.6 147,508 35.7 $2,000000 and over 32 130,311 20.4 45,025 19.9 85286 20.6 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education. and Welfare, Office of Education, and Corporal on for Public Broadcasting, "Broadcast and Production Statistics of Public Television Stations and Licensees: Fiscal Year 1971.' c151

f
Table 163.-General statistics of public libraries serving areas of 25,000 or more population:

United States and outlying areas, fiscal year 1968

Hem

Population size group

Total,

25,000 Or more

25,000-

34,999

35,000- 49.999 50.000- 99.999 100,000

499.999

500,000 Or more

2 3 4 5 6 7 Number of libraries) 1.135 285 271 335 206 38 Number of libraries reporting: 1,057 258 250 318 196 35 Population served (thousands) 117,235 7,578 10.V1 21,986 38,157 39,194

Collections (thousands)

Number of volumes* held at end of year 191.079 14,995 18,617 34,276 61,282 61,910

Number of volumes* added during year 16,648 1.317 1,359 3.020 5,803' 5.149 Total circulation during year 560214 48.041 53,629 106.965 195,159 156.421 Staff (full-time equivalent)

Filled positions 46.88) 3,356 3,903 8.229 16.602 17,797 Library staff 45,635- 3,105 3,604 7,673 15,457 15.796 Maintenance staff 4,252 251 299 556 1,145 2,001 Operating expenditures (thousands of dollars)

Total operating expenditures $421236 526,716 $31,170 $65,597 5137.881 $159,874

Wages and salaries 271,000 15,961 19,050 41,304 88,559 106.125 Library staff 251,043 14.868 17,757 38.662 83,098 96,657 Maintenance staff 19,956 1,093 1.293 2.641 5,461 9.468 Purchase of library materials 72,491 5.417 6,199 12,135 24,202 24.537 Book stock 64,062 4,837 5,460 10,755 21,310 21,701 Serials 4,820 328 418 761 1,553 1,760 Other printed materials Audiovisual materials 663 2,945

58 194 58

263 98521 259

1,081 189886 All other operating a/lea/dilutes 77,746 5,337 5,920 12,158 25,119 29,211 1 Problems of definitions and reporting did not permit the data

. for one average -sized State to be included in the survey.

2 The data shown below are for reporting libraries only.

includes volumes of book stock and bibliographic volumes of

serials only.

NOTE.-Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare,

Office of Education. 'Statistics 01 Public Libraries Serving Areas

with At Least 25,000 Inhabitants, 1968."

Table 164.-Ranh order of public libraries with I million or more volumes in their collections: United States, 1968

Library systeni r Rank order Number of volumes

(book stock

and serials) ,

Library syslem Rank order Number of volumes

(book stock

and serials) 1 2 3 1 2 3 New York Public Library 1 8,235,539 Milwaukee Public Library 14 1,976,510 Chicago Public Library.. 2 . 4,067,027 Detroit Public Librrtry 15 1,903,768 Los Angeles Public Library 3 3.538221 Cleveland Public Library 4 3210,820 Public Library of Washington. D.0 16 1267,058 .

Brooklyn Public Library t' 5 3,019,652 Public Library of Ft. Wayne and Allen County (Ind.). ... 17 1,376,446 Seattle Public Library 18 1,335.010 Los Angeles County Public Library 6 2.952,855 St. Louis Public Library 19 1.266.644 Free Library of Philadelphia 7 2.623.146 San Francisco Public Library 20 1,201,149 CincinnaliHandllon County 8 2,533,155

Boston Public Library 9 2,510.234 Kansas City (Missouri) Public Library 21 1,136.284 Queens Borough Public Library (N.Y) 10 2,479,463' Dayton and Montgomery County Public Library (Ohio) 22 1.122,492 Denver Public Library 23 1,113,087 Cosh Pratt Free Library (Baltimure) 11 , 2,120,310 Houston Public Library 24 1,081,014 Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh 12 2.120.310 Minneapolis Public Library 25 1.078,656 Buffalo and Erie Courtly Library System 13 :2,120,000 Cuyahoga County (Ohio) Public Library 26 1.047,826

I Oats are for 1965. SOURCE: U.S, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education, "Statistics of Public Libraries Serving Areas with Al Least 25,000 Inhabitants, 1968:'

152
Table MS.Selected statistics on the collections, stall, and operating expenditures of 30 large university libraries: 1.070-71

Ins Mellon Rank eider'

. Number of volumes at end

of year

Gross number of volumes added during yearNumber of microform

units at

end of year

Staff

(100time-equivalen1),

tall 1971 Operating expenditures Total Books and .,

binding Salaries and wages Other Total Professional

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9. 10 II

Harvard University 1 8,451,1117 210274 810,439 694 245 8,639,776 2,104,997 5,555,983 978,796

Yale University 2 5,829,035 200,793 816,523 501 171 4.980.819 1.999,331 3,855,987 1,125,501 University of Illinois (all campuses) 3 5.243.450 260,257 624.769 542 216 8.080,685 3,109,036 4,549.323 422,326 Columbia University (all campuses) 4 4.366.532 144.775 926.298 454 171 5,765,705 1.546,634 3.847,434 321.632 Cornell University (all campuses) 5 4.347,334 196,335 995,970 421 147 6,466,084 1.732.433 4,24407 488.989 University of Michigan (all camouses)l. 6 4.312.093 176.953 261.474 461 163 6.467.345 1.749.565 4.232,434 485.356 University of California at Berkeley 7 4,009.595 165.405 647.290 425 160 6.668.760 1.829.788 4.542,161 296,806

University of Wisconsin (all campuses). B 3,603.571 279,836 1,687,890 427 211 '7.497,382 2.871,426 4,153,743 472.563 Stanford University 9 3,584,123 173,721 705.484 408 148 6.270.117 1.740.198 3.864,249 645.570 University of Minnesota (all campuses). 10 3,112,526 171,324 644685 309 151 4,982,236 1.564,857 3214,806 202,573

University of Chicago' 11 3,090,127 129.338 (4) 104 76 3,711.429 1,105,954 2,322,7114 237,691 University,' California at Los Angeles 12 3,036.826 122,506 849,731 379 150 6.649,902 1,639,258, 009.392 201,252

Indiana University (all campuses) 13 2,687,327 260.538 534,589 66 28 5,092.504 1.727,010 2.749,533 615,961

Ohio Stale University (all campuses) 14 2539.716 158.256 756,493 179 98 4,530.421 1.479.566 2.794.561 256,294 University 01 Texas at Austin

(all cam9uses) 15 2,444,112 162.823 583.515 156 115 6,240.765 3.786,211 2,249.690 204,864

University of Missouri (all campuses) 16 2,402.043 146.486 1.915.526 266 88 4,791,201 2,473.773 2.038.794 278.634 Northwestern University 17 2,364.720 75.012 397,533 202 83 3,082.653 833,225 1,871855 377,573 University of Pennsylvania 18 2,329.401 93,674 812,617 269 87 3,633,008 1,063.557 2,344.747 224.704 Princeton University 19 2,314,323 121.358 411,764 276 80 3,363,494 1.327,873 1264,284 181.337

fluke University .. 20 2.231,519 104.442 179.182 224 150 2,956.099 1,133,638 1,656,731 165,730

New York University 21 2,211 ,070 101.198 815,183 375 77 3.975.251 1.000.500 2.811.745 163,006

Johns Hopkins University 22 2.085.435 30.411 595,351 182 54 2.447,651 631,496 1,439,703 376,452

Universityof Virginia (all campuses) , 23 2,019,680 119,312 954,413 252 79 3.556.424 1.437,302 1,864,674 254,448

Southern Illinois University (alt

campuses) . 21 1,817,576 192.018 417,421 195 87 4,11,0,504 1,811,408 2.027,307 271,789

University of Washington 25 1,876,900 88,702 847,803 294 120 4,273,625 1,290,018 2,780,431 203.170 Louisiana Male University (all

campuses) ., 26 1,830,409 115,531 597.789 227 163 3.401,131 1,216.756 1,954,633 229.743 University of North Carolina at

Chapel Hill 27 1,819,669 96.901 451.342 225 84 3,230,314 1.099,348 2,011.916 111,050 . Michigan Stale University 28 1,759,942 132.422 440,294 190 75 2.835,304 1036,577 1,465.821 162.906 Syracuse University fall campuses). 29 1,633,261 107,100 1,507,134 39 13 2,52E027 891,038 1,417,513 211,576 Rutgers University (all campuses) 30 1.611,649 103,856 755,206 233 88 3.753.833 1,639,531 1.988,857 125,445

Institutions are ranked by the number of volumes at the end o tha year (column

3). Although this is a convenient measure of size, the measures in columns 441

warrant equal attention for snmparative purposes.

. Excludes the business administration library and the law library.

Excludes the Industrial Relations Center Library and the Computer Institute

Library. 4 Oats net available.

153

-31

'Includes a oint library arrangement with the For Wayne campus of Purdue

University.

*Exclude; Graduate School of Biomedical Science, a member of Texas Medical

Center Joint Library.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Office of Education,

"Library Statistics of Colleges and Universities, Part A, Fall 1971."
Table 1660-General statistics of college and university libraries:

United States and outlying areas, 195940, 196344, and 196649

Item 195940 196344 1960491 Item 1959.60 1963.64 196849

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Number of libraries 1,951 2,140 2,431 Library operating expenditures (entudieg

Number of students enrolled. lot al Ohomands)s.... 3,597 . 4.800 7,572 capital outlay) In thousands of dollars

Enrolled for bachelor's and higher degrees 3,402 4,529 6,983

Enrolled in undergraduate occepatIonal programs 195 272 589. Operating expendilures, lotto $137,200 $246,000 3504,800 Salaries 72,500 126,000 273.200 Collections (thousands of units) Hourly wages 11,700 14,000 44,300

Binding and rebinding 4,900 9.000 17,500

Member of volumes el end of year 171.000 227.00e 328,600 Books and other library,materiats 40,700 79,000 212,900

Number of volumes added doling year 1,400 13,800 25,800 Other library operating expenditures 7.500" 13,000 36.900 Number of periodical littes received 1,270 1,760 2,632 Operating expenditures in percents, total 100 100 100 Salaries 53 51 47 Library staf I in terms of foil-time Hourly wages 8 8 $

. equivalents Binding and rebinding 4 4 3 Books and other library materials 30 32 36 Total staff in regular positions 18,000 25,200 45200 Other library operating expenditures, ... 5 , 5 6 Professional librarians 9.000 11,900 17,700

Other library staff I 9,000 13,300 27,500 Library operating expenditures as percent of total

Hoursof student and otber assistance (tttousands) 12.100 16,400 34,400 inslitulional expenditures tar educational and

general purposes 3,D 3,3 42

"Opening tall enrollment for the specified year.

s Dale on staff are for the fall term of the.succeeding year.

lathldet omprolessional staff and professional stall other than librarians.

.NOTE.-Because of rounding, detail may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Educalion, and Welfare, Ode, of Edticalion, "Library Statistics of Colleges and Universities, Fall 1969: Analytic Report."

Table 167.1ndex of prices for hardcover books,' by category: United States, 196744 and 1971

Category 196749 1971 Metes,

price

Index Average

price

Index Number of books Total

price

2 3 4 5 6 7 Total :11:77 100.0 $13.25 151.0 29.1136 MA, $315,411.63

Agriculture 9.71 100.0 13.64 141.5 273 3,724.87

Art 12.44 100.0 16.41 131.9 989 15.231.24 Biography 9.71 100.0 11.64 119.8 1,674 19,479.67 Business 10.41 100,0 12,60 121.0 520 6,549.92 Education 6.58 100.0 7.81 108.6 910 7,105.15 Fiction 4.96 100.0' 5.90 120.5 1,355 8,109.27 General works 15.28 100.0 25.77 141.9 1,065 27,443.23

History 9.95 100,0 12.97 130.3 1,704 22,097.07 Home economics 6.55 100.0 . 7.33 111.9 301 2,206.02

Juveniles 3.53 300.0 423 1192 2.561 10,834,25

Language 10:13 100.0 10,15 100,1 314 3,389.60 Law 1322 100.0 18.37 138.9' 603 11,075.57 Literature 8.04 100.0 11.43 1423 2,453 28,151.80 Medicine 13.41 100.0 17.58 133.0 1,349 23.721.62 Music 9.08 100.0 /1.73 129.1 303 3,554.10

Philosophy, psychology 8.41 100.0 10.77 128.0 925 9.957.74 Peary, drama 6.69 *100.0 9.15 136.7 1.140 10,427.43 Religion 6.29 100.0 8.48 134.8 1,056 8,949.83 Science 12.67 1001) 15.94 1253 2,311 36/134.44 Sociology, economics 9.35 100.0 17.47 186.8 4,901 85,630.51

'Snorts: recreation 7.91 100.0 1020 128.9' 606 6.180.51 Technology 13.03 100.0 1528 1172 1,027 15,690.74 Travel 9.34 100.0 19,15 205.0 1,466 28,066.95

) Excludes paperbacks, Government documents, and encyclopedias.

SOURCE: "Publishers' Weekly,"

4

154
. -- Table 168. - Average price and price index for books. periodicals. and serial services: United States. 1957-59 and 1965 to 1971

Item 1957.59 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971

I' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -9

Average price

'Hardcover books' 55,29 $7.65 $7.94 $7.99 $8.47 $9.37 $11.66 $13.25

Mass market paperback books P) .63 .64 .69 . .78 .91 .95 1.01 Trade or higher priced paperbacks 01 2.56 2.95 3.00 3.05 3.58 4,81 5.09 - Periodicals 4.92 5.95 7.44 832 8.6S 931 10.41 l156

Serial services= 39.80 58.78 11334 6638 70.87 78.79 85_44 90.05'

Price index (1957.59 - 100.01 Hardcover books' 100.0 144.5 150.0 151,0 160.1 177.1 220.4 2503 Periodicals 100.0 141.3 151.2 163.0 175.8 189 2 211,5 237.0 Serial services' 100.0 147.7 159.9 166,3 178.1 198.0 . 214.7 226.3

2 Eacludes tests. U.S. documents, and encyclopedias. t Data not available.

, Includes business, law, science and technology, U.S. documents. Soviet translations, and miscellaneous areas.

SOURCES: "Publishers' Weekly" and "Library Journal."

Table 169,Number and median annual salaries of scientists, by type of employer and by field; United States. 1970

Scientific and technical field Tote! Type of employer Not em- ployed

Type of

employer not reported Educational . inslitutions Federal Govern- ment Other &van. MOMS Mililary

Nonprofit

ergo'.

Mims

Industry

and business Self- em. ployed Other

1 2 4 S 7 8 9 10 11 12 Number All fields., 312,644 130,389 31,118 11,741 7,285 10,011 97,542 6,314 2,116 12,4011 2,320

Chemistry' 86,980 19.1144 5,029 1,493 1.399 2.151 50,890 1,012 879 3,541 742 Earth and marine sciences 23.756 6,535 3,046 1,149 289 249 9,973 1,404 119 869 123 Atmospheric and space sciences 6.637 1.017 2.053 118 2,131 96 768 45 16 341 S2 Pnysics 35,336 14.085 3,912 101 763 902 9,819 285 60 2,116 293 Mathemalics 24,400 14,020 1,243 249 574 488 6,364 192 137 1,041 92 Computer sciences 11,324 1,603 882 160 283 401 7,462 134 63 326 10 Agricultural sciences 15,730 3,563 5,725 2,633 199 212 2,581 354 75 311 77 Biological sciences 47,493 28,778 4,912 1,917 1,075 2.956 4,836 891 337 1,425 366 Psychology 26271 14,865 1,549 2,550 246 2,072 1,943 1.637 . 166 1,059 184 Statistics 2,953 1 .075 . 594 139 47 125 773 . 34 12 127 22 Economics 13,386 7,845 1,513 684 124 530 1,822 214 47 543 64 Sociology 7,658 5.674 224 300 49 346 - 129 57 56 612 211 Political science 6.493 4998 349 227 43 219 117 20 53 343 65 Anthropology 1.325 N370* 29 14 2 37 11 16 72 67 7 Linguistics 1.902 1,417 53 7 11 127 54 10 ?4 107 12 Median Salary Asa- Cab s- Oar year year

All fields 1-15 '000 $12,500 $15,500 $16,100 813,000 .... 516,400 516,700 $20,000 514.000 $15,000

Chemistry 15,300 12.000 12,000 16,300 12.300 15,000 -16,200 20,600 14,400 15,0®

Earth and marine scieaces 14,900 12,000 14,100 16,000 12,600 14300 15,100 18300 12.700 15,500

Atmospheric and space sciences

Physics

15,200

15,900

13,500

12,500 14.500

13,500

15,600

171400 13,20012,100 15.600

18,000

15.000

18,000 17,50020.000 8,200

.... ---- Mathemalics 14.300 11.900 13,700 17.900 15,030 19.500 19,000 22,000 14,600 ---- Computer sciences 16,500 13,500 14,300 16,800 14,400 17,500 16,8110 20,000 15,600 Agricultural sciences 12,800 12,000 15,000 13,100 10,500 14,000 12,200 12p00 11,800- 12,rili

Biological sciences 15,800 12,200 17.000 16,300 13.200 17,000 17,000 25,000 13,000 14300 Psychology 15,000 13.000 16,000 18,000 14,500 16.000 19,600 25.000 16.000 17,000 Statistics 16,900 13,500 16,500 19.000 15,100 16,500 17,400 ..... Economics 16,300 13,800 18,000 20,000 17,800 20.000 20,000 20,000 17,66 .--- Sociology 13,000 12,200 15.000 18,400 12,100 14,700 16,200 ___- 15,000 Political science 13,100 12,000 15,300 18,900 15,400 18,000 17,700 ..._ 13,000 ____ Anthropology 14,700 14,000 15,500 19,800 ____ 17,000 . .... 15,000 Linguistics 12,500 12,500 13,000 15,600 .-__ 10,000 l8,00e .... NOTE-Medians were not computed for groups with fewer than 25 registrants reporting salary, All data relate to those persons'reporting to the National Register of Scientific and Technical Personnel. SOURCE: National Science Formdation, National Register of Siientiric and Technical Persoesel, 1970.

155
Table 170.Financial sup pen for educational research ar--.

develop mentOly sponsoring agency:

United States, fiscal year 1968

Agency Amount of support 2

-Total Office of Education Millicent Science Foundation National Institute of Mental Health

National lnstilule of Child Health and Human Deaelopmcnt

Office of Economic Opportunity

Department of Defense

Other Federal agencies (Labor, Commerce. Children's'

Bureau. Agriculture, Social Rehabilitation Service, Food

and Drug Administration, Interior. !fallow', Endowment

for the Arts, and National Endowment for the Hu ma n Private foundations All other {Stele agencies, hither education institutions.

professional and academic associations. etc.)

6192.290,000

101,967.000 23,326,000

11,860000

8,377,000

12,800,000

6,046,000

6,725.000 -

7,344,000

13,645,000*

Includes estimates lot State and local government agencies.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare. Office of Education.

Romanist Research, "Educational Research and Development in the United States,"

July 1969.

Table 171.-Research and development funds related to the

gross national product: United States, 1953 to 1971

'Amounts in millions of dollars)

Year Gross national product

Research and development

funds' Total As percent

of gross national product 1 2 4

1953 6364,593 $5,207 1.43

1954 364,841 5,738 1.57

1955 397,960 6,279 1.53

1956 419,238 8483 2.02

1957 441,134 9,912 2,25

1958 447,354 10,870 2.43

1959 483,650 12.540 2.59

1960 503,755 13.730 233

1961 520,109 14,552 2.80

1962 560,325 15,665 2.80

1963 590.503 17,371 2.94

1964 632.410 19,214 3.04

1965 684,884 20.439 2.98

1966 749,897 22,266 2.97

19 67 793,927 23.642 2.98

1968 864,202 25,083 2.90

1969 930.284 126,175 2,81

1970 976,445 126,850 2.75

1971 J_ 1,050.366 t 27 A50 2.65 Preliminary data.

SOURCES: National Science Foundation.."National Patterns ol R&D Resources.

Funds and Manpower in the United Slates. 195341." NSF 70.46; and U.S. Depart.

meal of Commerce, Office of Business Economics. "Survey of Current Business,"

Slaty issues.

156

Table 172.-Sources of funds used for research and

development: United States, 1953 to 1971

(In millions of dollars]. Year Total Federal Govern. meat

Industry

Colleges and uni- versifies Omer nonprofit

institutions - 1 2 3 4 5 6

1953 $5,207 $2.759 $2,239 $151, $58

1954 5,738 3,138 2.367 167 '66

1955 6,279 3,509 2.513 185 72 1956 8.4113 4,859 3.336 204 84

1957 9,512 6.119 3.460 230 103 1958 10,870 6.791 3,700 257 122 1959 12.540 8,059 4,057 290 134 1960 13,730 8.752 4,508 328 142 1961 - 14,552 9.264 4749 371 168

1952 15,665 9,926 5,114 424 291 1963 17,371 11,219 5149 485 218

1964 19,214 12,553 5,880 555 226 1965 20.439 13,033 6,539 615 252 1966 22,266 13,992 7,317 673 284

1967 ,,, 23.642 14449 8,134 753 306

1968 25,083 14,972 8,941 841 329

19691 26.175 14,979 9,957 895 344

19701 26,850 14,650 10,910 930 360 1010 27,850 14.135 11.780 960 375 Preliminary da a.

SOURCE: Rational Science Foundation. "National Patterns ol R&D Resources.

Funds and Manpower in the United States, 1953-71." NSF 70-46.

Table 173.-Sources of funds used for bask research:

United States, 1953 to 1971

Ile millions el dollars) Year Total Federal Govern. ment Industry

Colleges and uni. versities Oilier

nonprofit

institutions

1 2 3 4 5 6

1953 $489 . $234 $148 $73 $34

1954 548 265 161 85 37 1955- ........... 608 286 183 99 40 1956 747 345 239 116 47

1957 857 408 256 136 57

1968 973 490 282 159 72

1959 1,155 609 280 185 81

1960 1,326 693 331 215 87

1961 1,543 841 350 258 102 1962 i 1,986 1,091 382 293 120 19r; 2.196 1,310 414 343 ' 129 19.4 2,559 1,595 424 402 138 1965 2,853 1.857 448 445 143 1966 3.127 1.990 496 494 147 1967 3.363 2,179 477 551 156 1951 3,638 2.344 508 621 165 19691 3,735 2.390 514 661 176 :- 19701 3,900 2,410 529 690 171

1971 0 3,900 2.450 554 715 181 Preliminary data.

SOME: National Science foundation, "National Patterns of R&D Resources,

Fundsand Manpower in the United states,1953-71," NSF 70.45,
Table 374.-Funds used in the performance of bask research,

applied research, and development: United States, 1971

iln millions of dollars) Sector Total Basic

research Appliedresearch Develop. meat 1 2 3 4 5 Total 327,350 $3,900 36,050 $17,900 Federal Government 3,659 635 1.365 1,650

Industry 19,800 64S, 3,510 15,615 Colleges and universities . 3,460 2,480 720 330 Other nonprofit institutions 940 210 42S 305 NOTE.-Data are preliminary.

SOURCE: Notional Science Foundation. "National Patterns of R&D' Resources.

Funds and Martha** is the United States, 1953,71;' NSF 70.46.

Table 375. - Estimated percentages of white and Negro

attendance in elementary and secondary schools,

by age of.main building: United States, fall 1969

Hem

Elementary schools Secondary schools

All Negro White All Negro While

1 2. 3 4 5 6 7 Percent of attendance in

buildings aged:

Leos than 20 years__ 61 63 60 54 60 53 2010 10 years 20 17 20 29 26 29 At least 40 years 18 1B 18 . 17 12 IS

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health, Educaliorr, and Welfare, Office of Education.

Commissioners report on "Equality of Educational Opportunity," July 2,1966.

Table 176.-Nung ftr and percent of Negroes attending public elementary and secondary schools, by geographic area and by

level of isolation: Fall 1961 and fall 1976

Level of isolalion Continental Veiled Stales i 32 northern and western States; 6 border Slates and D.C.I 11 southern States

. 1968 1970 1968 1970 1968 1910 1163 1970

1 3

I-- 4 5 s 7 s 9 Total enrollment 43,353,568 44,877,547 28,579,766 29,451,976 3,710,317 3,855,221 11,043/115 11.570,351

Negro enrollment: Number 6,282,173 6,707.411 2,703,956 2,889,856 636,151 667,362 2,942.960 3,150,192 Percent of total 14.5 14.9 91 9.8 17.1 17.3 26.6 27.2 Negroes by level of isolation:

Attending 049.956 minority schools: Number 1,467.291 2,223,506 746,030 793,979 100,569 196.659 540.692 1,230,863 Percent 23.4 33.1 27.6 27.5 28.4 29.8 t8.4 391 Attending 50.100% Minority schools: Number 4,814.081 4,483.905 1.957,025 2,095,879 4551Bit 468,703 2,402,268

,-1.919,323 Percent 76.6 - 66.9 72.4 72.5 71:4 70.2 011 - 60.9 Attending 80.100% minority schools: Number 4,274/61 3,311,372 1100,440 1,665,926 406,171 401,396 2,30.850 1,241,060 Percent 68.0 49.4 57.4 57.6 63.8 60.6 78.8 39.4 Attending 90.100% minority schools: Number 4,042.593 2,907,084 1,369,965 1.475,689 383,059 389,805 2,288,570 1,051,210 Percent 64.3 43.3 50.7 51.1 60.2 57.0 77.8 33.4 Attending 95.100% minority schools: Number 3,832,843 2,563.327 1,198,052 1,238,221 363,149 355.512 2.266,642 919,594 Percent 61.0 384 44.3 44.6 57,9 53,3 77.0 29.2 Attending 99.100% minority schools: Number 3.331,401 1.876,767 634,898 678,357 294,644 294,104 2,201,662 704,306 Percent 53.0 28.0, 30.9 30.4 46.3 44.1 741 22.4 Attending 100% minority schools: Number 2/93,393 94,111 332,408 343,629 160.504 154,409 2,000.486 443,073 Percent 39.7 141 - 12.3 11.9 252 23.1 68.0 14.1 149 Slates and the District of Columbia. Excludes Hawaii.

Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa,

Kansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada,

New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon,

Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.

I Delaware, District ot Colombia. 'Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri, Oklahoma, and

West Virginia.

, 157

4 Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina,

South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia.

NOTE.-Data are based on surveys of all school districts enrolling 3,000 or more

students and a sample of smaller districts. Because of computer rounding, detail

may not add to totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Oepartment of Health, Education, and Welfare, °Nice of the Seers.

tory, press release dated Junt 18, 1971.
Table 177.-Number and percent of minority students' attending public elementary and secondary schools, by geographic

area and by level of isolations Fall 1968 and fall 2970

Level of isolation Continental United Sta lesa 32 noithem and western Stales')

6 borde States

and 04.4

11 southern Stetes4

1968

,-- 1970 1968 1970 1968 1970 1968

. 1970

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Total enroftment 43,353,588 44,877,547 28,579,766 29,451,976 3,730,317 3,855,221 11,043,465 11,570,351

Minority enrollment: ..:. Number 8.656,434 9,389,015 4,441,516 4,843,602 674,289 717,913 3,540,629 3,827,500 Percent of total 20.0 20.9 15.5 16.4 tat 18.6 32.1 33.1 Minorities, by level of isolation:

I Attending 049.9% minority schools: Number 2223.820 3,507,532 1.675.779 1218,815 217,166 245.729 730.874 1212,988 Percent 30,3 37.4 37.7 37$ 32.2 34.2 20.6 37.7 Attending 50400% minority schools: Number 6.037,615 5.883.483 2,765,737 3,024.786 157,123 472,184 2,809,755 2,384,512

'Percent 69.7 62.6 62.3 62.4 67.8 65.8 79.4 62,3

Attending 30400% minority schools: Number 4287,778 4.134.387 2202221 2,185,319 406.894 _-___

-405.081

-. 2278.563

. .. 1.543.986 Percent 57.6 . 44.0 15.1 45.t 60.3' 56.4 72.8 40.3 Attending 90-100% Integrity schools: Number 4,561.768 3,172,583 2,686.488 1,828,757 363,693 380,693 2,491,587- 1,263,126 Percent I 52.7 37.0 382 37.5_ .........,_ 56.9 53,0, , 70.4 33.0 Attending 95.100% minority schools: -

Number 4,202,903 2,957.098 1,4t0,141 1,525.188 368,671 355.839 2,424,090 1,076,07r Percent 48.6 31.5 31.7 31.5 54,7 49.6 68.5 28.1 Attending 99-100% minority %herds: Number 3272.072 2,013,264 . 907.426 465.834 294,963 294,241 2.269,683 *--753389

Percent 40.1 21,4 20.4 19.9 43,7 41.0 ," 64.1 19.7 Attending 100% minority schools: Number 2.542,895 984,865 348.320 369,276 160.552 154,485 2,03033 461,/23 Percent 29.4 10.5 7.8 7.6 23.8 21.5 " 57.4 12.0

I Includes American Indians. Negroes. Orientals, and students with _Spanish

surnames. 249 States and the District of Columbia. Excludes Hawaii. Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado. Connecticut Idaho. Illinois: Indiana, Iowa,

Kansas, Maine. Massachoseits, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada,

New Hampshire. New Jersey; New Mexico. New York, North (Jakob. Ohio, Oregon,

Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota. Ulah..Vermont, Washington, WiStail

sin, and Wyoming.

4 Delaware, District of Columbia, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouil, Oklahoma. and

West Virginia.

Alabatili7Arkansas, Florida. Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina.

South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia.

NOTE- Data are based on surveys al all school districts enrolling 3,000 or more

students and a sample of smaller distacts. Because of computer rounding, detail

may not add lo totals.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare. OIKce I the sect

bry, press release dated June 13,1971.

Table 178.-Estimated median achievement test scores for let. and 12thgrade pupils, 1

by rectal and ethnic group: United States, fall 1965

Teat Racial or ethnic group

Puerto Rios Indian American Mexican American Oriental kilerican Nepal White 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 -

lst Grade: Nonverbal 45.8 53.0 50.1 56.6 43.4 54.1 Verbal 44.9 47.8 46.5 51.6 45.4 532

12th Grade: Nonverbal 43.3 47.1 45.0 51.6 40.9 52.0 Verbal 43.1 43.7 13.8 49.6 40.9 52.1 Reading 42.6 44.3 44.2 48.8 422 51.9 Mathematics 43.7 459 45,5 51.3 41.8 51.8 General information 41.7 44.7 43.3 49.0 40.6 52.2 Average al She 5 tests 43.1 45.1 44.4 50.1 41.1 52.0 NOTE.-This bible presents the results* standard achievement tests of certain isle lectual Oils suds as ending, writing, calculating, and problem su sing. The tests were

designed lo measure the skills which are he most important in cos society for getting a good job and moving up to a better one,and foe lull participation in an increasingly

technical world. The scores in each test were standardized so that the liverworts the national sample equated 50 and the standard deviation equaled 10, This means that for all pupils in

the Nation, about 16 percent would more below 40 and about 16 percent would score above 60.

SOURCE: ti.S.Department of Health, Education, and Well are, 09100 Education, Commissioner's report on "Equality of Educational Opporkinity, "July2, 1060.

158
Table 179.-Plational Assessment of Educational Progress in writing, by age and by selected characteristics of participants:

United States, 1969

Selected characteristics of participants

Participants, by age

9-year-olds 13-year-olds 17yearolds Young adults

(ages 26-35) Percent correct Median Median difference' Median

percent correct Median difference' Median percent correct Median difference Medianpercent correct Median

difference

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 B 9 Total 28.3 55.4 62.5 58.4 Region: Northeast 33.0 3.5 60A 1.8 64.1 0.8 613 1.9 Southeast 23.9 -3.1 503 -51 54.6 -71 51.4 -8.1

Central 291 .8 60.2 6.3 63.6 2.2 59.6 2.9 Wed 22.4 1.5 56.1 -.6 68.2 4.1 554 1.4 Sex: Male 22.3 -4.9 51.4 -3.4 57.3 -3.4 50.4 -2.3

Female 34.7 4.1 60.9 3.2 171 3.0 62.3 2.1 Color: White 31.6 2.6 617 3.0 652 2.8 603 3.2 Black 12.3 -32.6 37.2 -33.3 46.7 -19.3 403 -133

Other 13.6 -12.0 39.0 -12.6 53.0 -8.2 45.5 -16.1

Parcel's education:*

to high school' 19.8 -11.3 41.8 -9,3 47.3 -10.8 47.6 -y1,9

Some high school 24.2 -5.5 45.9 -7,4 50.6 -10.7 60.5 -1.9

High school graduate 26,9 .0 52A -2.0 64.0 1,2 591 4.9 Post high school 35.1 6.1 65.1 5,5 70.1 6.4 67.9 12.5 Unknown 23.7 -4.5 42.2 -6,3 56.5 -11.8 42.2 -21.2

Sizemnd type of commonalty: Extreme rural 21.5 -4.5 47.1 -6.3 59.7 -4.1 52.3 -6.5

Extreme irate; city 13.3 -14.2 41,4 -10,5 441 -10.4 45.7 -10.9

Extreme affluent suburbs 37.4 5.8 66.7 7.5 73.5 6.6 71.5 13.2

loner city f rinse 21.3 -2.9 56.1 -.4 61,4 -.6 46.5 -8.2

Suburban fringe 32.2 2.4 594 12 67.7 3.0 61.5 1.1 Medium city 26.0 2.1 99.8 1.8 652 1.6 59.7 .3 Small city 27.2 53.9 -.7 61.9 .0 561 -32

Median differences of group performance from the national performance over all exercises Olems). 2 Highest attained by either parent.

SOURCE: Taken from first -cycle material available in the files of National Assessment of Educational Progress. 1860 Lincoln Street, Denver, Colo. 80203. October 1472.

159
Table 180.-Nattonal Assessment of Educational Progress In citizenship, by ago and for selected characteristics of participants:

United States, 1969

Selected characteristics of participants

Parlicipanis, by age

9yearolds 13.yeartolds 17yearolds Young adult;

(ages 26-35) Mediae percent correct Median difference Median

percent correct Median differences Median

percent correct Median differences Median

percent correct Median difference,

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Total 64.1 63.2 61.8 60.5 Region: Northeast 65.4 2.0 65.5 2.7 - 64$ 2.0 63.9 1.0 Southeast 60.8 -2.0 59.3 -3.4 50.9 -6.1 53.3 -6.9

Central 66.0 .1 62A .t 1.1 641 11 65.7 11 Wed 63.7 .1 64.1 -.4 67.2 2.6 632 1.7 Sex: Male Female

63.7

63.8 A

-.1

62.8

62.5

.4

-,4

63.3 62.3 A

-.6

64.0

59.0

1.6

-1.3

Color: While 66.5 . 19 65.8 1.7 65.7 1.8 63.3 1.5 Black 51.5 -83 50.1 -72 6E6 -9.8 47.1 -92

Other 51.0 -L9 47.8 -8.6 49.9 -6.1 50.6 -7.6

Par enVit education::,

No high school

Some high school 52:9

58.3

-5.5

-3.3

46.2 50.8

-9.6

-6.2

442

452

-tt

-8.5

536

60.9

-6.4

-0.9

High school graduate 66.3 .5 5E6 -1A 61.6 .3 66.8 2.4 Post high school 68.7 4.0 64.1 3.9 . 66.6 5.0 732 7.5 Unknown 57.2 -5.3 49.8 -62 :38.7 -11.0 43.3 -16.2

Sloe and type of community.: r^.A Extrema rural 543 -4.4 5E8 -(2 542 51.3 -33

Extreme inner city _49.5 -7.8 52.5 -6.0 53.1 -6.8 55.3 -5.9

Extreme affluent suburbs

inner city hinge

6L1

61.2

11.3 -

69.5

65.8

4.4

.a 69.5

59.3 5.4

73.7

61.0 82

-2.1

Suburban fringe 641 .7 64.5 67.1 62.6 .4 Medium city 65.1 1.8 66.1 1.0 64.9 1.1 58.9 -16

Small city 61.1 .3 64.0 -.2 58.9 57.9 -2.3

s Median differences of group performance from the national performance over all exercises (items).

2 Highest attained by either parent.

SOURCE: Taken from first-cycle material available In the Ms of National Assessment of Educational Progress, USD) Lincoln Street, Denver, tole. 84203. October 1972.

160
Table 1810--National Assessment of Educational Progress in offence, by age and by selected characteristics of participants:

United States, 1969

Selected characteristics of participants

Participants, by age

9.year:olds 13-year-olds 17.year-olds Young adults

(ages 26.35) Median percent

coned Median difference' Median percent correct Median difference' Median percent correct Median difference' Median percent correct Median diflereece

1 2 4 5 6 7 8 -9

Total 68.3 58.4 47.1 51.3 Region: Northeast 71.6 2.3 62.2 2.0 49.1 2.6 53.6 0.6 Southeast 60.9 -5.0 49.6 -4,7 39.9 -4.9 42.7 -49

Central 71.3 1.6 60.3 1.9 47.7 -.0 514 .7 West 67.4 .0 57.5 -.5 48.6 1.7 - 542 2.4 Sex: Male 70,1 .9 60.8 1.5 51.2 2.8 57.9 5.3 . Female 67.5 -1 56.1 -1.4 44.6 -2.3 45.8 . -4.7

Color: White 3.1 623 3.2 483 2.1 54.4 2.7 Black _72.7

47,7 -14.5 37.1 -15.0 29.7 -11.8 .292 -15.8 Other

r

- 52.6 -10.3 45.0 -9.8 372 -64 434 -10.8

Parent's education: 2 No high school 55.2 -72 .44,0 -11.9 35.0 -8.4 41.9 -7.9

Some high school 60.0 -4.8 - 46,9 . *-6,1 35.3 :4.6 46.1 -1.6

High school graduate , 69.4 .6 55.4 -1.3 48.8 .1 55.2 3.0 Post high school 76.7 5.8 66.6 5.2 52.2 5.1 64.0 9.1. Unknown 61.1 -4$ 47.0 -7.7 33.0 -9.1 30.3 -16.8

Size and type of community: Extreme rural 57.8 -6.3 47.5 -6.1 37.3 -3.5 45.2 -4.7

Extreme inner city 44.4 -15.1 39.1 -13.7 35.6 -7.3 34,5 -102

Extreme affluent suburbs 783 7.3 67.4 6.3 57.2 5.1 64.8 "10,9

Inner city fringe

Suburban binge

64.2

71.4

-2.6

2.7

52.7 62.6-3.8

2.9

47.1 46.8.3 1.048,6 51.5-2,9

A

Medinm city 69.0 .2 61.8 1.9 473 1.3 52.4 .3 Small city 68.7 .9 56.8 .5 44.1 -1.4 46.7 -2.7

' Median differences of group performance from the national performance over all exercises (items).

=Highest attained, by either parent.

SOURCE: Taken from first-cycle material available in the files of National Assessment of Educational Progress.1860 Lincoln Street, Denver, Colo, 80203. Oclober1972.

,

161

ri
Table 182. - National Assessment of Educational Progress in reading, bylige and by selected characteristics of participants:

United States, 1970-71 ..._

Selected characteristics of participants

.

Participants, by age

3-yespolds 13yearolds 17-yearolffs Young adults

., (ages 26.35) Median percent correct Median difference' Median percent correct Median differencel Median percent correct Median

difference 2 Median Percent meet Median difference+

2 4 5 6 8 Total 72.5 71.8 80.3 83.4 Region: Northeast 762 2.1 74.9 2,1 82.8 1.4 333 EP Southeast 65.4" -5.5 65.6 -4.6 74,6 -4.7 74.4 -7.9

Central 73.7 2.9 75.3 22 82,2 1.7 84.4 1.5 West 70.4 -.9 71.7 78.7 . -.1 85.3 2.1 Sex: Male Female

69.1 751-2.2

2.3

69.1 74.4-2.3

2.3

78,5 82.6

-1.9

1.9 83.082.1

-1 -.1 - Bolen Willie 75.4 2.7 76.0. 2.6 82.6 2.2 01 2.4 Black 54.3 -15,8 51.3 -15.2 61.1 -16.3 62.4 -18.5 Other 60.5 -7,4 67.1 -3.5 76.0 -3_4 74.5 -5.1

Parent's education:3

No high school 61,1 -8.7 55.5 -1111 66.9 -40.9* '74.8 -6.6

Some high school 64.9 -4.8 65.6 -4.2 73.9 -5.2 83.1 -.I

High school graduate 73,5 .s 72.5 .7 81_1 86.1 2.8 Post high school 80.0 6.7 801 6.6 86.9 5.3 90.8 7.7 Unknown 68.0 -4.6 58.7 -9.8 69.4 -8.0 63.7 -18.0

Size and type ol community:

',drew rural 67.0 -4.2 66.2 -3.8

Extreme inner city 56.6 -14,0 60.5 -7,3

Extreme affluent suburb 81.9 8.0 78.8 5.6

Inner city fringe. 74.8 1.3 70.7 -.8

Suburban fringe 76_0 2.1 76.1 2.2 Medium city 71.3 .1 71.5 .3 Small city 71.5 -.3 70.5 -.5

Size et community:

81g city 79.8 -1 78,9 -3.2 . Big city fringe 84.0 2.8 843 1.5 Medium city 81,1 .5 83.2 .5 Small Mace ..: 77.4 -1.8 83.7 .5 3 Median differences of group performance min the national performance over all exercises Menai.

/Highest attained by either parent. . SOURCE: Taken from first -cycte material available in the tiles of National Assessmenl of Educational Progress., 1860 Lincoln Street, Demi, Colo. 80203. October 1972.

162
Table 183.-National Assessment of Educational Progress in literature, by age and by selected characteristics of participants:

United States, 1970.71

Selected characteristics 01 participants

Participants, by age

9-yea -olds 13year-oldt 17ye r-olds Young adults

(ages 26-35) Median percent correct Median differences Median

percent correct Median difference Median percent correct Median difference I Median percent correct Median differences

1 2 3 5 6 7 9 Total 44.9 53.3 61.1 63.0 Regina: Northeast 462 0.7 54.8 LI 62.8 El 65.9 2.4 Southeast 37.5 -4.0 47.0 -3,5 56.3 -4.3 52.9 -7.7

Central 49.7 2.5 53.7 .9 62.6 /.3 62.5 .0 West 43.1 .5 54.8 1.3 61.9 66.0 2.2 Sex: Male 43.5 -.7 50.3 -1.6 59.8 -1.1 63A .1 Female 44.1 .7 53.0 1.6 6E1 1.0 63.3 -.1

Color: White 48.4 2.3 562 2.3 62.8 1.9 66,1 2.1 Black 30.8 -13.3 37.2 -12.3 48.7 -13.8 41.9 -16.2 Other 33.8 -8.6 50.4 -..7 53.8 -3.5 55.9 -3.3

Parent's education:I

No high school 2.7 -7.3 41.2 -9.1 46.6 -10.8 53.2 -8.5

Sonic high school 36.0 -42 46.1 -3.5 52.5 -6.3 60.7 -1.4

High school graduates 45.8 .6 53.8 59.7 -.5 65.3 1.8 Post high school 51.5 6.0 60.5 5.9 69. 6.9 14.l 103 Unknown 38.9 -4.5 39.2 -9,9 48.8 -9.2 37.4 -13.7

Sire and type of community: Extreme rural '395 -3.6 51.1 -2.8

Extreme inner city 34.1 -9.5 45.4 -5.3

Extreme affluent suburb

loam ally fringe

49.7

44.0 7.3

-.4

59.5 47.25.5- -.5

Suburban fringe 45.6 2.7 53.2 1.3 Medium city 43.6 -E5 52.3 .1 S mall city 44.3 52.1 -.5

Size of community:

Rig city 58.7 -1.0 60.2 -1.2

Big city fringe 64.7 2.6 63.9 1.7 Medium city.. 62.2 .5 65.2 1.7 Small place 60.2 62.1 --.9

Median differences of group performance rem the national performance over all exercises (items).

!Highest attained by either parent,

SOURCE:. Taken from first-cycle material available in the files ot National Assessment of Educational Progress. 1860 Lincoln Streel, Denver. Colo. 80203. October 1972.

163
Digest of Educational Statistics

INDEX

A Business and management: ---- Continued

formal awards. organized occupational

curriculums

Business education, degrees conferred

Abandoned instruction rooms

Accounting, degrees conferred

Additions to plant value, higher education

Administrative units (school districts)

Adult education:

expenditures, public schools

participants in

Age:

enrollment by

ranges for compulsory and permissive

attendance

Agriculture:

degrees conferred

enrollment for advanced degrees

enrollment, vocational education

formal awards, organized occupational

curriculums

Algebra, enrollment, public secondary schools

All levels of education

American college students abroad

Annual expenditure per pupil public elementary

and secondary schools

Annual salary. (See Salaries.)

Annuity funds, higher education

Applied research funds 127,

Architecture:

degrees conferred i% enrollment for advanced degrees

Area studies, degrees conferred

Art, degrees conferred

Associate degrees

Auxiliary enterprises, higher

education

Available instruction rooms

Average daily attendance

Average daily membership

Average length of school term

Page

51

99

117

.12, 53.54 C

Page

106

99

63 Capital outlay:

10 all levels of education 22, 25

higher education. (See Additions to plant value.)

8.9 public elementary and secondary

schools 61.63, 65

33 Catho!:c schools:

elementary and secondary 40

98 institutions of higher education 72, 96

80,81 Chemistry:

43.44 degrees conferred 101

enrollment, public secondary schools 41

106 Church affiliation:

41 elementary and secondary schools 40

517 institutions of higher education 72. 96

145 City school systems 37

Classrooms. (See Instruction rooms.)

65 Classroom teachers:

nonpublic elementary and secondary

111.112 schools

129. 157 public elementary and secondary schools

secondary schools, by field . .98 College faculty. (See Faculty. higher education.)

sosa 1 College graduates, male, by field

98 College students, selected

. 10C, characteristics of . 77.78, 81

. 107 Colleges and universities. (See Institutions

of higher education.)

Communications degrees conferred

Community colleges, expenditures

Community services expenditures . Completed instruction rooms

Compulsory attendance, age ranges for

Computer and information sciences:

degrees conferred . 99

enrollment for advanced degrees .80.81

Consultants, public elementary and

secondary schools . 46

Cuban refugee program funds 133

Current expenditures:

all levels of education 22, 25

higher education 114.117

public elementary and secondary schools 61.65

Carrentfund income, higher education . . 108.111

a

Bachelor's degrees

Bacteriology, degrees conferred

Basic administrative units

Basic research funds

Biochemistry, degrees conferred

Biological sciences:

degrees conferred

enrollment for advanced degrees

Biology:

degrees conferred . enrollment, public secondary schools

Board rates . Bond elections, results of

Book and periodical prices

Botany, degrees conferred

Business and management:

degrees conferred . enrollment for advanced degrees .

44.45

45.48

44, 48

104

111.114.117

51.52

32,34.35

32

.32, 34.35

97-103

98

. 12, 53.54

126. 129. 156.157

98

98

80.81

98

41

113

. . 60

154.155

. 98

99

.80.81

165

99

63

63

51.52

.33

D

Daily attendance as a percent of

enrollment . Degrees, earned:

associate . . . . . bachelor's, firstprofessional, master's,

doctor's

by sex

dentistry

32, 34.35

107

97.105

98.104, 107

103.104
Degrees, earned:--Continued

engineering

historical summary

law

major field of study

medicine

Denominational affiliation:

elementary and secondary schools

institutions of higher education

Dentistry:

degrees conferred

enrollment for professional degrees

Development funds

Draftees failing mental test

Distributive occupations, enrollment

Districts, school

Dcctor's degrees

Dormitory rooms, charges for

Dramatic arts, degrees conferred

Dropouts, employment of

Dropouts, percent of population 14 to

E

Page Page

EnrollmentContinued

100, 103 advanced degrees

103 ages 3-34 and 5 34

101, 103 all levels of education

98.104 by age

103-104 by grade

by race

40 by sex

72-96 elementary schools:

nonpublic

public

engineering

English:

advanced degrees 80.81

public secondary schools 42

foreign languages:

advanced degrees 80-81

public and nonpublic secondary schools 42

higher education:

advanced degrees 80.81

by sex 68, 73.74, 76.78, 80.82

73

103.104

80

129, 156-157

18

43-44

12, 53-54

97-103. 105

113

100

141-142

19. 55

Earned degrees. (See Degrees, earned.)

Earnings by years of school completed 20.21

Economics, degrees conferred . .102

Education:

adult 10

all levels 5.27

degrees conferred 99

elementary and secondary 29.66

enrcllment for advanced degrees 80.81

exceptional children .36

Federal programs of 121.137

higher 67.120

selected statistics related to 139.163

structure of . 4

vocational . 43.44, 66

Educational administration and supervision,

degrees conferred .99

Educational attainment 1416

Educational exchange program grants - 127

Educational research expenditures 132, 156

Educational television . 151

Education in the United States, structure of 4

Elementary and secondary education . 29.66

Elementary and Secondary Education

Act . . . .131, 136-137

Elementary education, degrees conferred 99

Elementary schools:

nonpublic 12, 54

public 12, 54

Employment of college graduates 143

Employment of high school graduates

and dropouts . 140.142

Endowment funds - 111.112, 118

Cngineering:

degrees conferred 100, 103

enrollment for advanced degrees 80-81

enrollment, higher education 84

graduates, organized occupational

curriculums 106

English:

degrees conferred . . 101

enrollment for advanced degrees ..80.8I

enrollment, public high schools - 42

Enrollment:

adult education 10

166

80-81

8-9

6.9

8.9

31

8

8

38-41

30-31. 34-35, 38.39

84

by type of institution

degreecredit

engineering

extension

first professional degrees

first-time

full-time

graduate

junior colleges

non-degree-credit

part-time

privately controlled institutions

publicly controlled institutions

resident

undergraduate

high schools. (See Secondary schools.)

junior colleges

kindergarten

land-grant institutions

large cities . mathematics:

advanced degrees

public secondary schools

preprimary programs

science:

advanced degrees

public secondary schools 41.42

secondary schools:

nonpublic - . 33, .38-41

public . 30-31. 33.35, 38-39

social sciences, advanced degrees 80-81

social sciences, public secondary schools 42

special education for exceptional children 6-7, 36

vocational education - - 43.44

Exceptional children, enrollir ant:

public day schools .36

residential schools 6.7. 36

Expenditures:

adult education .63

all levels of education .. 22.26

by source of funds 22.23

ccmmunity colleges .... 63

community services .. . . .63

Federal Government 22-23., 126-137

higher education .. . 114.117

instructional materials . .. . .137

libraries _152.154

69.70, 73-76

84

70, 76

70, 76. 80

69, 76.78

68, 76, 80

70, 75.76, 80.83

73, 84

70, 76

68, 76, 80

68, 72.74, 76

68, 72.74, 76

70, 75.76

70, 75.76

73, 84

31, 38, 40

120

37

80-81

41.42

40

80.81
Page

Expenditures--Cor sued

per pupil. public schools 65

public elementary and secondary schools 61 65

pupil transportation 37

State and local governments 22.23, 26 27

summer schoo's. public e'ementary and

seccridary 63

vocational education 66

Extension courses, enrollment 70. 76

F

Faculty abroad

Faculty. higher education:

by academic rank

by field

by sex

by type of institution

demographic and background

characteristics of

professional background and

academic activity of

Faculty salaries

Federally affected areas, aid to

Federal programs for education

Fellowship programs. Federal

Field of study:

college graduates, male, in population

earned degrees

enrollment for advanced degrees

enrchment, secondary schools

Finances. (See Capital outlay. Current expenditures.

Expenditures, Income. Property. Receipts,

Salaries.)

Fine and applied arts:

degrees conferred 100

enrollment for advanced degrees 8081

First-professional degrees 97, 103,104

Firsttime college students 69, 76.78

Foreign languages and literature:

degrees conferred I GO

enrollment for advanced degrees 80.81

enrollment, secondary schools 42

Foreign students in American colleges 146.149

Forestry:

degrees conferred 98

enrollment for advanced degrees 130431

Four year institutions:

enrollment

number

French:

degrees conferred

enrollment, public and nonpublic

schonfs

Fulltime college students

Funds. Federal. for education

145

87.88, 90

87

89 91

89 93

88.89

88, 90.91

92.93

126, 131. 136

121 -]37

130

104

98.104

80-81

41.42

G

73, 93

93. 95

100

secondary

General mathematics, enrollment, public

secondary schools

General science, enrollment, public

secondary schools . . Geography;

degrees conferred

enrollment for advanced degrees

Geology. degrees conferred

Geometry. enrollment, public secondary

schools

42

68, 76, 80

121.137

41

41

102

80.81

101

.41

167

Gerw.tn:

degrees conferred

enrollment, public and nonpublic secondary

schools

Gifted, special education for the

Gifts and grants, higher education

Government, degrees conferred

Grade enrollment

Graduate students:

enrollment 70. 75.76. 80.83

characteristics of 82

.soctoeconornic background of 83

stipend status of 83

Graduates:

high school:

number 55-57

employment of 140.142

institutions of higher education 97.107

organized occupational curriculums 106

Greek and Latin, degrees conferred 100

Gross national product, related to expenditures

for educaticn 24.25

Guidance personnel, public elementary and

secondary schools 46

Page

100

42

36

108. 111.112

102

3]

H

Handicapped, special education for the . 36

Health occupations (vocational) enrollment 43.44

Health professions:

degrees conferred .100, 103-104

enrollment for advanced degrees 80-81

Higher education 67.120

High school graduates:

employment of 140-142

nonpublic 57

public 57

total .55.57

High schools. (See Secondary schools.)

Historical summary statistics:

higher education .. 86

public elementary and secondary schools 34.35

History, degrees conferred .102

Home economics:

degrees conferred 101

enrollment for advanced degrees 80.81

enrollment, vocational education 43.44

graduates, organized occupational

curriculums 106

Illiteracy

Income:

ail levels of education

by age

by years of school completed

higher education . personal

public elementary and secondary schools

Indians, enrollment in Federal schools for

Institutions of higher education:

by control

by denominational affiliation

by size

by type

conferring most doctor's degrees

enrolling largest number o f students

17.18

21

20.21

20-21

108-113

64, 116

58-60

6-7

12, 93, 95-96

.. 96

93, 95

10

71
Institutions of higher education--Continued

for men, for women, and coeducational

with large libraries

Instructional materials, funds for

Instructional staff, elementary and secondary

schoolsnonpublic

pubhc

Instruction rooms

abandoned

available

combustible and noncombustible

completed

completed before and after 1920

in permanent and nonpermanent

Interest payments

International educational activities

Italian:

degrees conferred

enrollment. public and nonpublic secondary

schools .

Page Page

M

94

153

137

44.45

45-48

51

5)-52

52

.51-52

52

buildings .52

61-63. 65

145-151

J

Journalivn:

degrees conferred

enrollment for advanced degrees

Junior colleges:

enrollment

number

Junior high schools

Junior-senior high schools . Kindergarten. enrollment

K

I

Labor force status of high school graduates

and dropouts

Land-grant institutions . Latin and Greek, degrees conferred

Law:

degrees conferred . . enrollment for advanced degrees

Length of school term

Letters, degrees conferred

Level of school completed

Liberal arts colleges, enrollment

Librarians, public elementary and secondary

schools .. 46

Libraries:

college and university 153-154

large public . 152

large university 153

public - 152

Library expenditures:

college and university 153-154

public . . . ... 152

Library science:

degrees conferred - 101

enrollment for advanced degrees ... . 80.81

Lifetime income by years of school completed 21

Literature, degrees conferred .. . 101

Local basic administrative units 12, 53.54

Local public school systems, statistics of - 36

Local sources, receipts from:

all revels of education .. . 21

higher education .. 108. 111

public elementary and secondary schools . .58-60

100

42

99

80-81

73, 84, 93

84, 93, 95

55

55

31,38,40

140.142

120

100

101, 103.104

80.81

32, 34.35

101

14.16

73

168

Major field of study.

college graduates, male, in population 104

degies conferred 98 104

enrollment for advanced degrees 80 81

Master's degrees 97 103

maaeniatics:

degrees conferred 101

enrollment for advanced degrees 90 81

enrollment, public high schools 41-42

Medical technologies, degrees conferred 100

Me:time:

degr "es conferred 103 104

enrollment for professional degrees 80

Mentally retarded, special education

for the 36

mental tests, draftees failing 18

Military sciences, degrees conferred 101

Minority students:

enrolled in school 8

in elementary and secondary schools 158

Music, degrees conferred - 100

Music education, degrees conferred 99

N

National Assessment of Educational Progress:

citizenship 160

literature 163

reading 162

science 161

writing 159

National Defense Education Act

(NDEA) 126, 132. 136.137

Negroes:

enrolled in school . - 8

in elementary and secondary schools 157

institutions attended predominantly by 85

Nonpublic elementary and secondary schools:

classroom teachers

enrollment

expenditures

graduates

instructional staff

number

Nonrevenue receipts, public elementary and

secondary schools

Nonsupervisory instructional staff, public

elementary and secondary schools

Nursing, degrees conferred

0

Occupations;

college graduates

high school graduates

school dropouts

Office occupations (vocational) enrollment

Office of Education, programs administered

by - , 130.134, 136-137

One-teacher schools, public elementary 54

Organized occupational curriculums,

formal awards based on .106

44 -45

33, 38.41

22.23, 25

57

44-45

12, 54

58

46

100

143

142

142

43-44

P

Parttime college students 68.76,80

Per capita personal income 64
Page

Percent of population:

3 to 34 years old enrolled in school 8 9

5 to 34 years old enrolled in school 8

with 4 years of college 14. 16

with 4 years of high school 14. 16

with fess than 5 years of elementary

school

Per pupil cost of transportation

Personal income:

per capita

related to expenditures for higher education

related to expenditures for public elementary

and secondary schools

Pharmacy, degrees conferred

Philosophy:

degrees conferred 101

enrollment for advanced degrees 80-81

Physical education, degrees conferred 99

Physical plant, higher education. value of 118

Physical sciences:

degrees conferred 101

enrollment for advanced degrees 80-81

Physics:

degrees conferred . 101

enrollment, public secondary schools 41

Plant funds, higher education 118

Political science, degrees conferred 102

Por -;at ion:

by continent 151

by country 150

college-age 74-75

percent enrolled 8.9

school-age 33 35

Postgraduate (high school) enrollment 31

Preprimary programs, enrollment in 40

Principals, public elementary and secondary

schools . . . Private elementary and secondary schools:

classroom teachers

enrollment

expenditures

graduates

instructional staff

number

Private gifts and grants. higher

education

Privately controlled institutions of higher

endowment

enrollment

expenitures

faculty salaries

income

number

physical plant value

student charges

Professional degrees

Professional schools, enrollment

Property, higher education, value of

Protestant schools:

elementary and secondary

institutions of higher eduction . Psychological personnel, public elementary and

secondary schools . Psychology:

degrees conferred . enrollment for advanced degrees

Public affairs and services, degrees conferred

Public elementary and secondary schoolsclassroom teachers 45-48

enrollment 30 31. 33.35, 38.39

expenditures 61-65

graduates 57

14, 16 instructional staff 45-48

37 number 12. 54.55

revenue receipts 58 60

64 Publicly controlled institutions of higher education:

116 endowment .. 118

enrollment 68, 72-74, 76

64 expenditures 114 115

100 faculty salaries 92

income 108.110. 112.113

number 12, 93, 95.96

physical plant value 118

student charges 113

Public school systems 12. 53 54

Pupil:

enrollment 30 44

expenditures 65

transportation 37

Page

101

46

44.45

33. 38-41

22.23, 25

57

44.45

12. 54

108.111-112

education:

118

68, 72-74, 76

114.115

92

108.110, 112.113

12, 93. 95.6

.,18

. 113

97, 103.104

73

_118

R

Receipts:

all levels of education 21

higher education 108.313

public elementary and secondary schools .50-60

Regular 4-year high schools 55

Religion:

conferred 101.102

enrollment for advanced degrees 80-81

Religious affiliation:

elementary and secondary schools 40

institutions of higher education 72. 96

Research and development funds 129. 156-157

Residence and migration of college students 79

Residential schools, exceptional children,

enrollment . 6 7. 36

Retention rates 13-14

Revenue receipts, public elementary and

secondary condlaarry schools 58-60

Room 113

Russian:

degrees conferred

enrollment, public and nonpublic secondary

schools

S

Salaries:

higher education:

by academic rank

by size of institution

by type of institution

privately controlled institutions

publicly controlled institutions

library expenditures for

public elementary and secondary schools:

40 classroolt teachers - - - 72, 96 total instructional staff

scientists

- 46 Salaries offered degree candidates

School assistance in federally affected

..101 areas . -

- 126,

80.81 School bond elections, results of

169

I00

42

92.93

92

92

92

92

152.154

49

48,50

155

.. 144

131, 136

60
School districts .. .. - School lunch program funds . School retention rates .. Schools:

elementary and secondary:

nonpublic

public

higher education:

private . public

School systems . School year, length

School years completed . . . Science, enrollment, public high schools

Scientists:

by employer

by field

by salaries of . Secondary education, degrees conferred

Secondary schools:

nonpublic

public:

junior high . junior-senior high

senior high

total . traditional

Secondary school teachers:

nonpublic:

.44.45

by field . .44

all fields

public:

all fields . . 45.48

by field . ... ..48

Selected statistics related to education in

the U.S, . . . 139.163

Senior high schools . .55

Size of enrollment:

higher education .93

school districts 54

Social sciences:

degrees conferred 102

enrollment for advanced degrees 80.81

enrollment, public high schools .42

Social work, degrees conferred .101

Sociology, degrees conferred . .102

Spanish:

degrees conferred . . . . . 100

enrollment, public and nonpublic secondary

schools . . - .. - .

. . .42

Special education for exceptional children 6.7, 36

Speech, degrees conferred . 101

Staff. (See Faculty, Classroom teachers,

Instructional staff. Teachers.)

State governments, receipts from:

all levels of education . . . - 21

higher education .. . .. . - . 108, 111

public elementary and secondary schools ...58.60

Statistics. degrees conferred . ... ... . _101

Student fees, higher education 113

Student loan funds .... - . - .111-112

Student loan (Federal) programs .119, 126. 131-132

Stuaents. (See Enrollmant.)

Subcollegiate departments, higher education:

enrollment . . . .... 6-7

instructional staff . , 10

Page

12. 53.54

. 127

. .13.14

.12,54

12. 54.55

12, 93. 95.96

12, 93, 95.96

12, 53.54

32, 34.35

.14.16

41.42

155

.155

155

99

. 12, 54

. 55

. 55

. .55

.12,54.55

. . .55

170

Summer school expenditures, public elementary

and secondary schools

Supervisors, public elementary and secondary

schools

T

Teachers:

all levels of education . elementary and secondary schools:

by field

characteristics of

nonpublic

public . higher education:

fcr resident instruction

selected characteristics of

salaries:

higher education ... . . public elementary and s...ondary schools

vocational education . . Teachers and other instructional staff, public

elementary and secondary schools:

number

salaries . . Teachers colleges, enrollment . . Technical education (vocational) enrollment

Technical and semiprofessional programs,

awards based on . . . . Technological schools, enrollment

Television, public . Tests, draftees failing .

. Theological, religious schools, enrollment . Theology:

degrees conferred 102, 104

enrollment for professional degrees . ....4:10

Trades and industry (vocational) enrollment 43-44

Traditional high schools 55

Traineeship and training grant programs,

Federal . , . 130

Transportation, pub": elementary and secondary

schools .37

Trigonometry, enrollmer*, public secondary

schools . . .. .. . .... . .41

Tuition and fees, higher educ..'on 113

Page

63

46

10,11

44, 48

47.48

44.45

,45.48

. . ..87

.88.91

92.93

48.50

.44

46

48, 50

73

.43.44

.106

. 73

151

18

73

Two-year institutions:

enrollment . . number

U

73, 84. 93

. 84, 93, 95

Undergraduate enrollment 70, 75.76

U.S. college faculty abroad . 145

U.S. college student'. abroad 145

U.S. education, structure of 4

Universities:

enrollment .73, 93

number 93, 95

V

Value of physical plant, higher edunation 118

Value of nonexpendable funds, higher

education . . . . 118

Value of property, higher education 118

Veterinary medicine:

degrees conferred .. ... .. .. 104

enrollment for professional degrees 80
Vocational agriculture, enrollment

Page

4344 White and nonwhite persons:

Page

Vocational education: . enrollment 8

enrollment 43.44 test scores .158

expenditures 66 years of school completed ..14.15

Federal funds for 66, 126, 131, 136

. teachers 44 Y

Volumes: Years of school completed:

college and university libraries 153.154 Persons 25 years old and over ,, .14.16

'public libraries 152 ,Persons 25 to 29 years old ... ... .14

W Z

Wages or salary of full-time employees ..48 Zoology, degrees conferred . . ..98

ti VA. GOVERNMENT MNIWIttIC OfrICCJ 1173 0-495-136

171