Ammonites from the Navesink Formation 

at Atlantic Highlands, 

New Jersey 

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 845 
Ammonites from the Navesink Formation 

at Atlantic Highlands, 

New Jersey 

By WILLIAM A. COBBAN 

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 845 

Species of the genera Baculites, N ostoceras, Axonoceras, 

Exiteloceras, Didymoceras, Hoploscaphites, and 

Pachydiscus are de~cribed and illustrated 

: c ..• 

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON: 1974 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary 

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

V. E. McKelvey, Director 

Library of Congress catalog-card N~. 74-600061 

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents,· U.S. Government Printing Office 

· Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price $1.35 (paper cover) 

Stock Number 2401-02501 
CONTENTS 

Page Page 

Abstract ______________________________ _ l Systematic descriptions - Continued 

Introduction ____________________________ _ Family Nostoceratidae ·Hyatt 

Navesink Formation and ammonite occurrence ________ _ l Genus Axonoceras Stephenson - Continued 

Age of Navesink Formation ___________________ _ 2 Axonoce~as cf A. angolanum Haas ·_---- --- 14 

Systematic. descriptions ______________________ _ 3 Genus ·Exiteloceras Hyatt · ___ -- __ ---_---- _ 14 

Family Baculitidae Meek __________________ _ 3 Exiteloceras oronense (Lewy) __ --_----- _ IS 

Genus Bacu/ites Lamarck _______________ _ 3 Genus Didymoceras Hyatt _______ --------- 16 

Baculites ovatus Say _______________ _ 3 Didymoceras navarroense (Shumard) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 

· Bacu(ites claviformis Stephenson ________ _ 5 Family Scaphitidae Meek------------------- 16 

Family Nostoceratidae Hyatt ________________ _ 8 Genus Hop/oscaphites Nowak _____ --------- 16 

Genus Nostoceras Hyatt ________________ _ 8 Hoploscaphites pumilus (Stephenson) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 

Nostoceras helicinum (Shumard) ________ _ 8 Hoploscaphites sp -----~------------ 18 

Nostoceras hyatti Stephenson __________ _ 10 Family Pachydiscidae Spath ----------------- 18 

Nostoceras c( N. stantoni Hyatt ________ ._ 12 Genus Pachydiscus Zittel _______ --- --- --- . 18 

Nostoceras pauper (Whitfield) __________ _ 12 Pachydiscus sp ------------------- 18 

Nostoceras mendryki Cobban, n. sp _______ _ 

Genus Axonoceras Stephenson ____________ _ 

13 References cited -------------------------- 18 

14 "index -------~---__: ________________ ·____ 21 

ILLUSTRATIONS 

PLATES I, 2. 

3. 

4. 

5-8. 

9. 

10. 

II. 

Baculites ovatus. 

Bacu/ites ovatus .and B. claviformis. 

Nostoceras he/icinum. 

Nostoceras hyatti. 

Nostoceras pauper and N. cf. N. stantoni. 

[Plates follow index] 

Nostoceras mendryki, Axonoceras cf. A. ango/anum, and Exiteloceras oronense. 

Didymoceras navarroense, Pachydiscus sp., Hoploscaphites pumilus, and H. sp. Page. 

FIGURE I. Histogram showing size frequency distribution of samples of Baculites ovatus _____________ _:_ _____ -· 5 

2. Scatter diagrams showing degrees of taper and ratios of width to diameter of Baculites ovatus _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 

3. Cross section of Baculites undatus _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 

4. Sutures of Baculites ovatus _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 

5. Scatter diagram showing number of ribs per whorl on spires of Nostoceras ____ ~ ___________ _ ..:. _ _ _ 9 

6. Suture of Nostoceras helicinum _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 · 

7. Histogram showing size frequency distribution of body chambers of Nostoceras hyatti _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ II 

8. Suture of Nostoceras hyatti ___________________________ __: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ II 

9. Sutures of Nostoceras cf. N. stantoni ------------------------------------------ 12 

10. Suture of Nostoceras pauper----------------------------------------------- 13 

II. Suture of Nostoceras mendryki _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 

12. Sutures of Exiteloceras oronense _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ IS 

13. Suture of Didymoceras navarroense ------------------------------------------- 17 

14. Suture of Hoploscaphites sp _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 

15. Suture of Pachydiscus sp ------------------------------------------------- 18 

III 
AMMONITES FROM THE NAVESINK FORMATION 

AT ATLANTIC HIGHLANDS, NEW JERSEY 

By WILLIAM A. COBBAN 

ABSTRACT 

Only a few species of ammonites have been recorded from the Upper 

Cretaceous Navesink .Formation. An active group of amateur collectors 

has recently obtained many ammonite specimens from the basal part of 

this formation at Atlantic Highlands. The following forms can now be 

recognized: Baculites ovatus Say, B. c/aviformis Stephenson, Nostoceras 

helicimim (Shumard), N. hyatti Stephenson, N. cf. N. stantoni Hyatt, N . . 

pauper. (Whitfield), N. mendryki Cobban, n. sp., Axonoceras cf. A. 

angolanum Haas, Exiteloceras oronense (Lewy), Didymoceras 

navarroense (Shumard), Hoploscaphites pumilus (Stephenson), H. sp., and 

Pachydiscus sp. Most specimens represent the genera Baculites and 

Nostoceras; representatives of other genera are extremely scarce. 

The ammonites occur as uncrushed internal molds within 3 feet of the 

base of the Navesink Formation, which is dominantly a greensand unit 

about 25 feet thick. Body chambers and septate chambers are filled with 

soft dark-greenish-gray glauconitic sandstone. 

Th·e fossils can be assigned either to the very late Campanian or to the 

very early Maestrichtian. A late Campanian assignment is slightly favored 

from the molluscan evidence, although a Maestrichtian age is suggested by 

planktonic Foraminifera. 

INTRODUCTION 

Ammonites h~ve been known. from the Navesink 

Formation at Atlantic Highlands since 1820, when Say (p. 

41) described Bacu/ites ovatus. Very few species, however, 

have been recorded from this locality. Whitfield ( 1892, p. 

268-271) described a new ammonite, Turrilites pauper, and 

illustrated another species as· Heteroceras conradi 

(Morton). Prather ( 1905, p. 171) listed Baculites 

cornpressus Say, B. ovatus Say, B. asper Morton, Turrilites 

pauper Whitfield, and Heteroceras conradi (Morton) from 

the Navesink at Atlantic Highlands. The B. compressus and 

B. asper of Prather are herein interpreted as variants of B. 

ovatus, and the H. conradi of Prather and Whitfield is 

Nostoceras hyatti Stephenson. Whitfield's T. pauper is 

more correctly assigned to Nostoceras, and the list of 

ammonites from Atlantic Highlands is then reduced to 

Bacu/ites ovatus, Nostoceras hyatti, and N. pauper. 

In recent years an active group of amateur collectors has 

obtained many ammonites from the basal part of the 

Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands. Several genera 

and species not previously known from the Navesink were 

discovered. The largest collection was made by Mr. Harold 

Mendryk, Harrison, N.J., who kindly made his splendid· 

collection available to me for study and later donated it to 

the Smithsonian Institution. Mr. Mendryk also borrowed 

important specimens from other private collections as an 

aid to my study. Some of these specimens have since been 

donated to the Smithsonian Institution. These loans and 

donations were made by Messrs. Christopher Laskowich, 

West Paterson, N.J., Richard Heintz and John Brzostoski, 

River Plaza, N.J., Kenneth Rose, West Orange, N.J., and 

Ralph Johnson, West Long Bram;h, N.J. Dr. Karl M. 

Waage, Yale University, New Haven, Conn., arranged the 

loan of several ammonites from the Peabody Museum of 

Nat ural History. I am grateful to all these persons for their 

generosity in furnishing me these interesting and important 

specimens that made this study possible. 

The photographs were made by Robert.E. Burkholder of 

the U.S. Geological Survey. All specimens that have 

USNM numbers are stored in the National Museum of 

Natural History in Washington, D.C. Plaster casts of many 

of the specimens are kept in the U.S. Geological Survey's 

Mesozoic invertebrate fossil collections at the Federal 

Center at Denver, Colo. 

For a detailed map (geologic, topographic, and cultural) 

of the Atlantic Highlands area, the reader is referred to 

plate 1 in the recent work of Minard ( 1969). The fossils were 

collected along the bluff facing Sandy Hook Bay from 1

/2 to· 

I mile east of the pier at Atlantic Highlands yacht harbor. 

According to Mr. Mendryk (written commun., April 30, 

1972), at least 90 percent of the fossils came from two 

localities about 8/10 and 9/10 mile east of the pier. 

NAVESINK FORMATION AND AMMONITE 

-OCCURRENCE 

The Navesink Formation, dominantly a greensand unit 

about 25 feet thick in the Atlantic Highlands area, consists 

of about 30 percent clay ano silt and 70 percent very fine to 

coarse glauconite sand (Minard, 1969, p. 14). Unweathered 

outcrops are dark greenish gray· and massive to thick 

bedded (Owens and Sohl, 1969, fig. lOD). An outer shelf 

environment has been interpreted by Owens and Sohl (1969, 

p. 254, 257, 258), and water depths of 180-350 feet have 

been suggested by R. K. Olsson (1963, p. 651). The contact 

with the underlying Mount Laurel Sand is sharp and unconformable (Minard, 1969, p. 14; Owens and Sohl, 1969, fig. 

lOA). According to Minard (1969, p. 14), fossils occur at the 

base and near the middle of the formation in the Atlantic 

Highlands area. Minard noted that the basal foot or two 

contained reworked phosphatized fossils. 

Mendryk (written commun., Dec. 28, 1970) observed that 

at the locality of his collection the fossils occurred in two 

1 
2 AMMONITES FROM THE NAVESINK FORMATION, ATLANTIC HIGHLANDS, NEW JERSEY 

layers- a lower layer 6-8 inches thick, 27 inches above the 

base of the Navesink, and an upper layer 5 inches thick, 8 

inches above the lower layer. Nearly all specimens came 

from the lower layer. All are uncrushed internal molds, a 

few of which display mother-of-pearl colors. Body chambers 

and septate chambers are filled with silt and glauconite sand 

and, rarely, fecal pellets. Sutures are usually corroded a 

little. Epizoa, such as worm tubes (pl. 6, figs. 9, 1 0; pl. 7, 

figs. 4, 5) and membraniporoid bryozoans (pl. 8, figs. 17, 

18), are present on a few specimens. The bryozoans are of 

interest in that none was recorded from the Cretaceous outcrops in New Jersey in the summary of parts of the faunas 

by Richards ( 1962, p. 197). 

AGE OF NAVESINK FORMATION 

A Maestrichtian age was assigned to the Navesink Formation by Stephenson in several papers dating back to 1928 

(Stephenson, 1928, p. 494, fig. 1 ). Stephenson recognized an 

Exogyra costata zone that included the ammonite 

Sphenodiscus and the belemnite Belemnitel/a americana 

(Morton). Sphenodiscus was well accepted as an index fossil 

to rocks of Maestrichtian age, and the Exogyra costata zone 

. was assigned that age. Exogyra costata Say and Belemnitel/a americana had been re~orded as common fossils in 

th~· Navesink (Weller, 1907, p. 105-128). Exogyra costata 

was also recorded from the Mount Laurel Sand underlying. 

the Navesink, as well as from the overlying Red Bank Sand 

and Tinton Sand (Weller, 1907, p. 128, 458). A subzone of 

E. cancel/ata Stephenson was recognized in the lower part 

(Mount Laurel Sand) of the E. costata zone (Stephenson, 

1923, pl. 8; 1933). 

The age of the E. cancellata subzone has been 

controversial. Stephenson ( 1923, pl. 8) first assigned a 

Campanian age, later he ( 1933, p. 1359) indicated a late 

Campanian or early Maestrichtian age, and, finally, 

Stephenson, King, Monroe, and Imlay ( 1942, chart) 

assigned a Maestrichtian age. However, they (Stephenson 

and others, 1942, p. 438 -439) noted .that in the gulf coastal 

area some micropaleontologists considered the microfauna 

of the E. cancellata subzone, represented in the Neyland-. 

ville Marl, to be more closely related to that of the underlying· Taylor Marl than to that of the overlying Nacatoch 

Sand (approximate Navesink equivalent). The molluscan 

fauna of the E. cancel/ata subzone, in contrast, was 

considered more closely related to that of the .Nacatoch · 

Sand. 

R. K. Olsson (1963, p. 64 7; 1964, p. 158), on the basis of 

the planktonic foraminiferal fauna, regarded the Mount 

Laurel Sand in New Jersey as early Maestrichtian. Jeletzky 

(1962, p. 160), on the other hand, considered the Mount 

Laurel, as well as the overlying Navesink Formation, to be 

of late Campanian age. Recently, Sohl and Mello (Owens 

and others, 1970, p. 28-55) made a critical analysis of the 

invertebrate faunas af the Upper Cretaceous formations of 

New Jersey and Delaware. On the basis of the megafossils, 

Sohl concluded that the Mount Laurel was late Campanian 

and that the Campanian-Maestrichtian boundary was 

within the Navesink Formation. Mello analyzed the foraminiferal content of the Mount Laurel Sand and under-

· lying Marshalltown Formation along the Chesapeake and 

Delaware Canal and concluded that these formations were 

of late Campanian to earliest Maestrichtian age. From the 

above review, it is apparent that the Mendryk collection of 

ammonities lies near the Campanian-Maestrichtian 

boundary. 

The Mendryk collection of ammonites from the basal 

part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands 

consists of the following species: 

Baculites ovatus Say 

c/aviformis Stephenson 

Nostoceras he/icinum (Shumard) 

hyatti Stephenson 

pauper (Whitfield) 

cf. stantoni Hyatt 

mendryki, n. sp. 

Axonoceras cf. A. angolanum Haas 

Exiteloceras oronense (Lewy) 

Didymoceras navarroense (Shumard) 

Hop/oscaphites pumilus (Stephenson) 

Hoploscaphites sp. 

Pachydiscus sp. 

Nostoceras he/icinum and N. hyatti have been found at 

Barra do Dande, Angola, in strata that had been assigned to 

the Campanian by some authors and to the Maestrichtian 

by others. Howarth ( 1965) studied a large collection from 

this locality that had been briefly reported on earlier by 

Spath (1951, p. 127-128), who had considered it as 

Maestrichtian. Howarth (1965, p. 404) concluded that these 

heteromorphs could be either late Campanian or early 

Maestrichtian and that most evidence favored a late Campanian age. Antunes and Sornay (1969, p. 71-82), who' 

later summarized the stratigraphy of the fossiliferous beds 

at Barra do Dande, also believed that the heteromorphs 

were probably of late Campanian age. 

Nostoceras he/icinum, N. hyatti, Exiteloceras oronense, 

and Didymoceras navarroense have been found in the 

uppermost part of the Mishash Formation in southern 

Israel (Lewy, 1967, p. 169; 1969, p. 117, 120). Although the 

Mishash contains the ammonite Libycoceras, which is 

usually considered to be a Maestrichtian fossil (for example, 

Wright, in Arkell, Kummel, and Wright, 1957, p. L437), 

Reiss (1962, p. 3-14) has presented convincing evidence for 

a late Campanian age based on foraminiferal and molluscan 

data. Nostoceras hyatti has also been recorded with 

Libycoceras chargense Blanckenhorn in the calcareous 

phosphorite bed at the top of the Sayyarim Formation in 

southern Israel (Bartov and others, 1972, p. 88). 

Bhlszkiewicz ( 1966) presented a very good summary of 

the Campanian and Maestrichtian stratigraphy and ammonite record of the middle Vistula River valley in Poland. 

·Four ammonite zones were recognized in the upper Campanian and two in the lower Maestrichtian. The youngest 
SYSTEM A TIC DESCRIPTIONS . 3 

Campanian zone is charact~rized by a heteromorph Jisted as 

"Nostoceras vistulae (Pozaryski in sched.)." Photographs 

of this ammonite, kindly sent to me by Dr. Bfaszkiewicz, 

reveal a form that closely resembles N. hyatti. The- Polish 

species has the rows of ventrolateral tubercles a little farther 

apart but not as far apart as those on the slightly older N. 

dracone Stephenson of the Neylandville Marl of Texas. 

The new species, Nostoceras mendryki, from the upper of 

the two ammonite beds near the base of the Navesink, 

closely resembles the European N. sch/oenbachi (Favre, 

1869, p. 30, pl. 7, figs. 5a-c) which has been recorded from 

the upper Campanian (Wiedmann, 1962, p. 204), uppermost Campanian and lowermost Maestrichtian (Najdin, 

1969, p. 181), and lower Maestrichtian (Pozaryska, 1954, 

table 1; Btaszkiewicz, 1966, table 1; Cieslinski and 

Pozaryski, 1970, p. 212). Pachydiscids from the basal part 

of the Navesink consist of two small fragments resembling 

Pachydiscus neubergicus (von Hauer) of early 

Maestrichtian age. The smaller (pl. 11, figs. 5, 6) of these 

specimens from the Navesink came from the upper of the 

two ammonite beds; the larger specimen is from one of these 

beds. The occurrence of this type of a pachydiscid together 

with a schloenbachi-type of Nostoceras ·suggests an early 

Maestrichtian age for the upper ammonite bed, whereas the 

hyatti-helicinum type of Nostoceras in the lower bed argues 

for a very late Campanian age for that bed. 

R. K. Olsson (1963, p. 647, 649; 1964, p. 158) assigned· 

an early Maestrichtian age to the Navesink Formation of 

New Jersey on the basis of its rich plankto.nic foraminiferal 

content. Unfortunately, none of Olsson's samples came 

from the Navesink at Atlantic Highlands, and the two 

ammonite beds cannot be keyed to the planktonic 

foraminiferal zonation. 

SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 

Unless stated otherwise, all diameter measurements are 

intercostal. Rib density is expressed by the rib index, which 

is' the diameter of the whorl divided by the distance between 

the crests of two adjacent ribs on the middle of the venter. 

This is close to, but not entirely the same as, the rib index or 

rib density of most authors. It permits a more accurate 

expression of low rib density, such as that of many baculites, 

where the distance between ribs is greater than the diameter 

of the shell. ' 

Phylum MOLLUSCA 

Class CEPHALOPODA 

Order AMMONOIDEA 

Family BACULITIDAE Meek, 1876 

Genus BACULITES Lamarck, 1799 

Type species. - Bacu/ites vertebra/is Defrance, 1830. 

Baculites ovatus Say 

Plate I, figures t-34; plate 2, figure: 1-14; plate 3, figures 1-6, 9-11; 

text-figure 4 

1820. Baculites ovata Say, Am. Jour. Sci., 1st ser., v. 2, p. 41. 

· 1829. Baculites ovata Say (part). Morton, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 

Jour., 1st ser., v. 6, pt. I, p. 89, pl. 5, figs. 5-6. 

1830a. B,ac~/ites ovatus Say. Morton, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia Jour., 

1st ser., v. 6, pt. 2, pt. 2, p. 196, pl. 8, fig.·8 (not figs. 6-7). 

1830b. Baculites ovatus Say. Morton, Am. Jour. Sci., 1st ser., v. 17, 

p. 280. 

1830c. Bacu/ites ovatus Say. Morton, Am. Jour. Sci., 1st ser., v. 18, 

pl. I, fig. 8 (not figs. 6-7). 

1834. Baculites ovatus Say. Morton, Synopsis of the organic remains of 

the Cretaceous group of the United States [Philadelphia, Key & 

Biddle], p. 42 (part), pl. I, fig. 8 (not figs. 6-7). • 

.1892. Baculites ovatus Say. Whitfield, U.S. Geol. Survey Mon. 18, p. 

275, pl. 46, figs. 3-9. 

1896. Baculites ovatus Say. Harris, Bulls. Am. Paleontology, v. I, no. 5, 

p. 289 (reprint of Say, 1820). 

1905. Baculites ovatus Say. Johnson, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia Proc., 

v. 57, p. 26. 

1907. Bacu/ites ovatus Say.· Weller, New Jersey Geol. Survey, 

Paleontology ser., v. 4, p. 821 (part), pl. 109, fig. 5. 

1916. Baculites ovatus Say (part). Gardner, Maryland Geol. Survey, 

Upper Cretaceous, p. 375 (not pl. 12, figs. 2-3). 

1926. Baculites ovatus Say (part). Wade, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

137, p. 181 (not pl. 60, fig. 9). 

1927. Bacu/ites ovatus Say (part). Reeside, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

Paper l5l,p.9(notpl.5,figs.l2-13;pl.6,figs.l-4;pl. ?,figs. 

l-8). 

1962. Baculites ovatus Say. Reeside, New Jersey Bur. Geology and 

Topography Bull. 61, pt. 2, p. 113, pl. 68, fig. 4. 

Baculites ovatus was described by Say (1820, p. 41) as 

·follows: 

8. ovata, elongated; transverse septa subovate, sixlobed and a smaller 

one behind; lobes of the superior faces of the septa, three on each side, with 

a minute one between each, dentated at their edges, anterior lobe, (nearest 

the siphuncle) small not sinuous, second lobe with a single p~ojection each 

side and sinus at tip, third lobe dilated, with a small sinus each side and 

more obtuse and profound one at tip, posterior lobe hardly larger than the 

lateral intermediate ones. 

· Greatest diameter of the transverse section one inch and one fifth, 

smaller diameter seven tenths; length of the segment about half an inch. 

The specimen is in the collection of Mr.· Reuben Haines of this city 

[Ph"itadelphia], it was found on the Neversink hills, in Monmouth County, 

New-Jersey, it is a cast of three very entire segments, no vestige of the shell 

remaining. The dimensions are taken from the largest segment. 

Morton (1829, p. 89-90) reworded Say's description and 

noted the presence of faint lateral undulations on the type 

specimen. He pointed out that lateral undulations were 

common on "all the Baculites I have seen from this region 

[New Jersey and Delaware]." That the lateral ribs could 

scarcely be discerned on the holotype was attributed to the 

fact that the "specimen was carried for thirty years in the 

pocket of the finder; which fact sufficiently accounts for the 

rings [ribs] having become almost imperceptible." Morton 

noted that the specimen was from the "marl of Sandy-Hook 

Bay, New-Jersey, where many. other specimens have been 

·obtained." He illustrated a lateral view of Say's specimen as 

well as a lateral view of a smaller, well-ribbed individual 

about 11 mm (millimeters) in diameter from a different 

locality. Morton (1830a, pl. 8, figs. 6-.8) later showed a 

dorsal view of Say's specimen and lateral and end views of a 

well-preserved internal mold of a very stout baculite that 
4 AMMONITES FROM THE NAVESINK FORMATiON, ATLANTIC HIGHLAl'iDS, NEWJERSEV 

has a broad elliptical cross section and narrow, widely 

spaced lateral ribs. 

The holotype of Bacu/ites ovatus was recorded at the 

Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, in 1905 by 

Johnson (p. 26). According to Reeside (1962, p. 115), the 

type may now be 16st. Reeside (1962, pl. 68, figs. 1-3) illustrated a specimen at the Academy of Nat ural Sciences 

that he thought could be interpreted as the remainder of 

Say's type, although the fragment was unnumbered and in a 

tray with three other baculites accompanied by a label 

merely stating "St. Georges, Del." (J. B. Reeside, Jr., 

written commun., Dec. 20, 1954). This fragment, about 32 

mm in diameter and 23.6 mm in width (measurements from 

a plaster cast), consists of two septal chambers instead of 

the original three of Say's type. It is composed of reddishbrown fine-grained glauconitic, ferruginous sandstone that 

closely resembles the material filling ammonites from the 

Merchantville Formation of New Jersey and Delaware. The 

specimen has a stouter cross section (ratio of width to 

·diameter 71 percent) than that of Say's type (ratio 58 

percent). 

The holotype of B. ovatus apparently came from the 

. Navesink Formation at the well-known exposures along the 

bluff on the south side of Sandy Hook Bay at Atlantic 

Highlands, Monmouth. ·county, N.J. Morton (1829, p. 90; 

1830b, p. 280) included in his descriptions of this species 

baculites from the older (early Campanian) Merchantville 

Formation, such as from the deep cut of the Chesapeake 

and Delaware Canal, as well as baculites from the 

. Mississippi embayment area and the western interior region 

(Morton, 1830a, p. 196). 

Following the publication of Morton's papers, most 

authors continued to define Bacu/ites ovatus in a very 

broad sense, and baculites from the western interior region 

of the United States and Canada were commonly described 

and illustrated as examples of this species. The range in age 

of these western interior specimens is considerable, as 

indicated by the following examples: late Cenomanian 

(White, 1877, p. I99, pl. I9, figs. 4b, c), early Campanian 

(Reeside, I927, p. 9, pl. 5, figs. 12, I3; pl. 6, figs. 1-4; pl. 7, 

figs. I-8),. late Campanian (Landes, I940, p. I7I ), and 

early Maestrichtian (Meek, 1876, p. 394, pl. 20, figs. Ia, b, 

2a-c). In addition to the great range in age of specimens 

described as B. ovatus, some baculites from other parts of 

·the world were referred to this species; a few examples are 

Venezuela (Reyment, I958, p. 7, pl. I, figs. I, 2; text-figs. I, 

2), Palestine (Taubenhaus, I920, p. II, pl. 6, figs. I a-d), 

and Russia (Bodylevsky and Shulgina, I958, pl. 44, figs. Sa, 

b). 

Reeside (1962, p. II4) pointed out that, inasmuch as 

Say's type specimen was from the Atlantic Highlands area, 

the type specimen could not be from rocks older than the 

. Mount Laurel Sand, which is the oldest formation exposed 

there. He believed the name Baculites ovatus should be 

restricted to specimens from the Mount Laurel Sand and 

overlying Navesink Formation and that the baculites from 

the older Merchantville Formation and Woodbury Clay 

represented other species. He excluded from B. ovatus the 

very broad-ventered stout specimen figured by Morton 

(l830a, pl. 8, figs. 6, 7; 1830b, pl. 1, figs. 6, 7; 1834, pl. l, 

figs. 6, 7). He also stated that specimens from the western 

interior region formerly identified as B. ovatus belonged to 

other species such as B. haresi Reeside and B. grandis Hall 

and Meek. The following definition of B. ovatus was 

presented by Reeside (1962, p. 114): 

"Shell attaining moderate size, very gradually tapering; 

cross section broad-ovate, the siphonal side somewhat more 

narrowly rounded than the antisiphonal side. Surface of 

shell usually smooth, but sides of living chamber sometimes 

with ill-defined, broadly curved, obliquely transverse ribs. 

Suture with rather simple rounded elements, lateral lobes 

and saddles subequal, subdivisions of lobes small, 

subequal." 

The Mendryk collection from Atlantic Highlands 

contains 189 baculites, of which 177 are suitable for 

measurement; all but 2 of the measurable specimens lie 

within a range in diameter from 8.4 to 48 mm. The 

exceptions (pl. 3, figs. 7, 8, 12-14) are two septate 

individuals 50 and 59 mm in diameter that closely resemble 

the holotype of Baculites c/avzformis Stephenson and are 

assigned to that species. The rest of the specimens are 

assigned to B. ovatus, although a few could be immature 

specimens of B. c/aviformis. Most of the 175 measurable 

. specimens assigned to B. ovatus have smooth flanks, and 1 only 53 (30 percent) have very weak to moderate broad arcuate lateral ribs. The size distribution of individuals in the 

total sample of measurable specimens as well as the size dis-

. tribution of the ribbed specimens is shown in figure 1. 

The specimens ·of Baculites ovatus in the Mendryk 

collection have growth angles of taper of 2-8 degrees; most 

have angles of 4-6 degrees (fig. 2). The angle decreases 

slightly after the shells attain a diameter of 35 mm. There 

seems to be very little difference between the taper of 

smooth-flanked and rib-flanked shells; the angle of taper of 

ribbed shells is slightly less - hardly averaging a degree 

less. Nearly all specimens are straight, but a few juveniles 

may show some curvature (pl. 1, figs. 2, 6; pl. 2, fig. 2; pl. 3, 

fig; 2). 

Most shells have a cross section that is distinctly ovate. 

Regarding the degree of stoutness of the cross section, the 

following table is used in order to have a tangible reference, 

and the descriptive terms are those used by most authors 

who have described baculites. 

Ratio of width to diameter Descriptive term 

· 0.500-0.624 ----------- Slender 

.625- .749 ----------- Moderately stout 

.750- .874 ----------- Very stout 

.875- .999 ----------- Subcircular 

According to this scheme, most baculites in the.Mendryk 
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 5 

(/) 

z 

w 

::::; 

u 

w 

c._ 

(/) 

lL 

0 

a: 

w 

co 

::::; 

~ 

z 

5 1 0 1 5 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 

DIAMETER, IN MILLIMETERS 

FI GURE I. - Histogram showing size frequency distribution of samples of 

Baculites ovatus Say from the basal few feet of the Navesink Formation 

at Atl antic Highl ands, N.J. Heavy line shows distribution of the total 

number of specimens ( 175) suitable for measurement; light line enclosing 

the dark-shaded areas shows distribution of the number (53) of 

specimens that have lateral ribs. 

537-783 0 - 74 - 2 

collection have a moderately stout section that tends to be 

on the slender side (fig. 2). If Say's dimensions ( l l / 5 in . by 

7/ 10 in.) of the type specimen are correct, its cross section 

was unusually narrow (ratio of 0.58) and slightly more so 

than the most slender specimen in the Mendryk collection . 

Two of the 175 baculites have a dorsolateral depression 

(pl. 2, figs. 7, 12). In the western interior region , 

dorsolateral depressions are rather common on young 

adults of Baculites clinolobatus Elias, a species younger 

than B. o vatus (Gill and Cobban, 1966, p. A34). 

Lateral ribs may appear at diameters as small as 12 - 14 

mm (pl. I, figs. 22 - 24) or at diameters as large as 38 mm 

(pl. 2, fig . 13, 14). They are usually spaced about 1.5 for the 

shell diameter (pl. l, figs. 9, 16, 23), but they may be as 

closely spaced as 3 per shell diameter or as widely spaced as 

0. 7 per shell diameter (pl. I, fig. 31 ). The ribs are located on 

the dorsal half of the flank and range in shape from welldefined arcuate forms (pl. I, figs. 9, 16) to poorly defined 

-lateral swelling (pl. I, fig. 31 ). 

Ventral ribs, which are present on most specimens, vary 

from barely discernible (pl. I, figs. 14, 26; pl. 2, figs. 6, II) 

to moderately conspicuous (pl. I, figs. 8, 17; pl. 2, fig . 14; pl. 

3, fig . I 0). They tend to be irregular in strength and spacing. 

Specimens that have well-defined lateral and ventral ribs 

closely resemble B. undatus Stephenson (1941, p. 405, pl. 

79, figs. 5- 10), from which they differ only by having 

narrower venters. The cross section shown by Stephenson 

( 1941 , pl. 79, fig. 8) is incorrect in that the venter is too 

narrow. The venter of the holotype is about as broad as the 

dorsum (fig. 3). 

The outline of the aperture can be seen on only two 

specimens, one of which is shown on plate 2, figure 13; it 

follows the shape of the lateral and ventral ribs. 

Sutures, which are visible on 164 specimens, a re 

moderately complex; most resemble those in figure 4 or that 

of a specimen illustrated by Whitfield (1892, pl. 46, fig . 7). 

The opposite branches of the lateral lobe (L) are usually well 

separated. On many specimens the opposing saddles that 

separate the two main branches on each side of the lobe are 

a little closer to each other than those shown in figure 4A , 

and on a very few individuals (five) the opposing saddles are 

near enough to produce a suture (fig. 4B) comparable to 

that of Baculites compressus Say or B. eliasi Cobban (1958, 

text-figs. li, j). Ten specimens have sutures comparable to 

that of B. gregoryensis Cobban (1951, text-figs. I 0, 12) and 

B. scotti Cobban (1958, text fig. !h). In this type of suture 

(fig. 4C) the saddles separating the two main lateral 

branches on each side of the lobe remain far apart, but the 

lateral lobe is constricted above the upper pair of major 

branches. 

Types. - Hypotypes USNM 182443 - 182459. 

Baculites claviformis Stephenson 

Plate 3, figur es 7, 8, 12 - 14 

1892. Baculites asper Morton. Whitfield, U.S. Geol. Survey Mon. 18, p. 

278, pl. 46, figs. I 0, II . 
·6 

8 en 

w 

w 

a: 6 (.!) 

w 

0 

~ 4 

a:' 

w 2 a.. 

<( 

1- A 

0 

5 

75 

1-

z 

w 

u 

a: 

w 

a.. 701-

~ 

a:' 

w 

1-

w 

~ 

<( 

AMMONITES FROM THE NAVESINK FORMATION, ATLANTIC HIGHLANDS, NEW JERSEY 

10 

I 

••• + • 

+ . + •• + 0 • -+· •• ~ 

+- ·+-++- -iill-++-1-+ oi-• •-€>++-• 1o • *·· •-Ho •• 

15 

I 

• 1-

+ 

+ ~-~- • 

+ + + * + 

• +-+ ++ 

20 

•+++·· * . . -+ 

+ 

25 30 

-+- + • 

DIAMETER, IN MILLIM~TERS 

I I I =t' 

+ + 

+ + 

+ . + + + 

* + + + + 

+ + 

++ * . +· 

• . + • ++++ + + • + 0 •-jo. + . 

•t+ 

35 

I 

+ 

+ 

+ 

45 50 

I 

-

0. 65 r- +· . + -

0 + 1-

I + 1-

0 +. . 0 ·-+--

~ + 

LL 60- 0 

._ 

0 

i= 

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a: 

B 

55 I I I I I I I I 

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 

DIAMETER, IN MILLIMETERS 

FIGURE 2. - Scatter diagrams showing (A) degrees of taper and (B) ratios of width to diameter of 175 specimens of Baculites ovatus 

Say from the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic. Highlands, N.J. Dots indicate smooth-flanked specimens; pluses 

indicate rib-flanked specimens; circles indicate two specimens that have the same measurements. 

fiGURE 3. - Cross section, natural size, of the nolotype of Baculites undatus Stephenson at a diameter 

of 36 mm. Dashed lines indicate intercostal section. 

Drawn from a plaster cast. US~M 77245. 

1907. Bacu/ites asper Morton? Weller, New Jersey Geol. Survey, 

Paleontology ser., v. 4, p. 823, pl. 109, figs. 6, 7. 

1926. Bacu/ites grandis Hall and Meek. Wade, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

Paper 137, p. 182, pl. 60, figs. 8, 12. 

1941. Bacu/ites c/aviformis Stephenson, Texas Univ. Bull. 4101, p. 403, 

pl. 1; pl. 77, figs. 6-8; pl. 78, figs. 1-6. 

1962. Baculites sp. Reeside~ New Jersey Bur. Geology and Topography 

·Bull. 6i, pt. 2,p. il7, pC68, fi_~~- 8, 9. - . 

This unusually large species is characterized by the adults 

having broad arcuate swellings on the flanks, closely spaced 

. ventral ribs that commonly extend well onto the flanks, and 

a moderately stout ovate cross section in which the dorsum 

of the adult is conspicuously flattened. The suture is 

moderately incised, and the branches on each side of the 

lateral lobe are well separated from their oppo~ites. The 

holotype is from the Nacatoch Sand of Kaufman County, 

Tex. · 

- Two large septate fragments in the Mendryk collection 

seem referable to Bacu/ites c/aviformis. Both have· 

moderately stout ovate cross sections with flattened venters. 

Conspicuous ventral ribs extend well up on the flanks. The 

larger specimen, 59 mm in diameter, has broad low lateral 

ribs spaced 1.5 for the shell diameter. The smaller 

individual, 50 mm in diameter, has smooth flanks. Sutures 

resemble that -of the holotype of B. c/aviformis, as well as 

that of the typical form of B. ovatus. It is possible that a few 

of the smaller specimens among the 175 measurable 

individuals considered as B. ovatus may actually be 

_immature specimens of B. c/aviformis. 
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 

fiGURE 4. -Sutures, X 4, of iiaculites ovatus Say from the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J. Heavy line marks the 

middle of the venter; light line marks the middle of the dorsum; L marks position of lateral lobe. A, Normal pattern; hypotype 

USNM 182459. B, Pattern more characteristic of B. compressus or B. e/iasi; hypotype USNM 182449 (pl. l, figs. 20, 25, 26). C, 

Pattern more characteristic of B. gregoryensis or B. scotti; hrpotype USNM 182458 (pl. 3, figs. 4, 5). 

7 

The poorly preserved septate fragment of a large baculite The specimen, which came from the Holmdel area of New 

described and illustrated by Whitfield (1892, p. 278, pl. 46, Jersey, was refigured by Weller (1907, p. 823, pl. 109, figs. 

figs. 10, 11) as B. asper Morton is probably I!~ claviformis ... 6, 7), who assigned it ~o the Navesink Formation. 
8 . AMMONITES FROM THE NAVESINK.FORMATION, ATLANTIC HIGHLANDS, NEW JERSEY 

Aside from northeastern Texas and New Jersey, B. ·constrictions; Stephenson's query for the generic· 

claviformis is present _in U.S. Geological Survey collections assignment can now be removed. The neotype of Turrilites 

from the Nacatoch Sand of southwestern Arkansas and the sp/endidus Shumard (1861, p. 191) selected and illustrated 

Ripley Formation of Tennessee, Alabama, and, possibly, by Stephenson (1941, p. 415, pl. 82, figs. 1, 2) has 

Mississippi. It may be present in the western interior regi<;m. constrictions, and the end of the last preserved whorl has 

Bacu/ites claviformis is possibly the same as some earlier uncoiled slightly (not visible in Stephenson's illustrations);· 

named European species such as B. ambiquus Eichwald this species is best assigned to Nostoceras (Matsumoto, 

(1868, p. 1176, pl. 37, figs. 3a-c) and B. gigas Sintzov .1959b, p. 46; 1960, p. 172). Turrilites saundersorum 

(1888, p. 126). . . :Stephenson. (1941, p. 416, pl. 83,_ figs. 6-8), which has 

Types. - Holotype USNM 77241; hypotypes USNM dense ribbing and conspicuous constrictions, but is 

182460, 182461. incomplete at both ends, is also probably a Nostoceras· 

(Matsumoto, 1967, p. 339). · Family NOSTOCERATIDAE Hyatt, 1894 

Outside North America Nostoceras has been recorded 

Genus NOSTOC_ERAS Hyatt, 1894 . from Colombia (Petters, 1955, p. 216, 224; Biirgl, 1955, p. 

Type species. - Nostoceras stantoni Hyatt, 1894. 33, 43; Biirgl and Dumit Tobon, 1954, p. 36), Angola 

Hyatt (1894, p. 569) based his genus on a collection of (Haughton, 1925, p. 275; Haas, 1943, p. 2-7; Howarth, 

heteromorphs from Chatfield, Navarro County, Tex. He 1965, p. 378-284; Antunes and So~l!ay, 1969, p. 86-87), 

designated Nostoceras stantoni Hyatt as the genotype and' South Africa· (Spath, 1921, p. 248-252), Madagascar 

then described the varieties retrorsum, prematurum, and (Collignon, 1969, p. 46), Australia (Brunnschweiler, 1966, 

aberrans, without describing N. stantoni stantoni. None of p. 40-43), Israel '(Lewy, 1967, p. 165-169; 1969, p. 

the specimens was illustrated. An ammonite, described on 117 -122), England (Wright, in Ark ell, Kummel, and 

an earlier date by Shumard (1861, p. 19.1) as Turri/ites Wright, 1957, p. L224), and Poland (Bhlszkiewicz, 1966, p. 

he/icinus, was assigned to.Nostoceras by Hyatt. Stephenson 1063-1065). The fragments of heteromorphs from the 

( 1941, p. 407) noted the necessity of designating one of Maestrichtian of Peru, identified as H e/icoceras sp. and 

Hyatt's varieties as the genotype; accordingly, he select~d · Turrilites peruvianus by A. A. Olsson (1934, p. 73; 1944, p. 

the variety retrorsum. In addition, he illustrated Hyatt's 107), are probably Nostoceras. 

types of N. stantoni [Hyatt's variety retrorsum] at:J.d the The Mendryk collection of helically coiled ammonites 

·varieties prematurum and aberrans. Inasmuch as from the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic 

Shumard's types were lost, Stephenson selected and Highlands consists of 150 specimens of which 131 represent· 

illustrated a neotype for N. helicinum (Shumard), and the ·the Nostoceras helicinum-hyatti species group, 5 may beN. 

new varieties. humile and crassum were described. stan toni Hyatt, 9 are N. pauper (Whitfield), 3 are a new 

Stephenson also described and illustrated th~ new species N. species of Nostoceras, and 2 are Didymoceras navarroense 

co/ubriformis, N. hyatti, and N.? draconis. . . (Shumard). The specimens representing the helicinumReeside (1962, p. 118) presented the following concise · hyatti group consist of 34 incomplete spires (17 sinistral, 17 

definition of Nostoceras. dextral) and 97 complete or partial hooks (431sinistral, 38 

"It has a Closely coiied spiral of three to six volutions, dextral, 16 undetermined). Most of these specimens are not 

either dextral or sinistral, followed by a free down dropping quite typical of either N. helicinum or N. hyatti, possibly 

U-shaped retroversal old-age living chamber that brings the due to the great geographic distance that separates New 

aperture back to a position just beneath the base of the last Jersey from Texas. The differences, however, do not seem 

volution of the spire. The shell is ornamented with costae, great enough to warrant new subspecific names. It is also , 

most of which are single, but some of which may bifurcate. possible that the specimens represent a single variable 

Constrictions are usually present on the spire. Two rows of species. Likewise, if more specimens were available from 

ventral tubercles are more or less prominently developed, Texas, N. he/icinum and N. hyatti might prove to be one 

and a contact furrow is present on the whorls of the spire." variable species. Until more material is available from 

Collections of heteromorphs from the Nacatoch Sand of· . Texas, the specimens from Atlantic Highlands will be 

the Corsicana-Chatfield-Kaufman area of northeastern interpreted as representing the two species. 

Texas show a natural grouping of the helical shells that are 

characterized by dense ribbing and the presence of 

constrictions; these forms can all be conveniently placed in 

Nostoceras. The spire varies from high (N. colubriformis) 

to. very low (N. dracone), and the retroversal body chamber 

(hook) ranges from a lengthy U-shaped form at right' angles 

to the spire (N. dracone) to a short U-shaped form at an 

acute angle to the spire (N. co/ubriformis). Unfigured spires 

of N. dracone from the Corsicana area show the presence of 

Nostoceras helicin':lm (Shumard) . - .. . Plate 4, figures 1-21; text-figure 6 

1861. Turrilites helicinus Shumard, Boston-Soc. Nat. History Proc., v. 

8, p. 191. 

1894. Nostoceras he/icinum (Shumard). Hyatt, Am. Philos. Soc. Proc., 

v. 32, no. 143, p. 573. 

. 1941. Nostoceras helicinum (Shumard). Stephenson, Texas Univ. Bull. 

4101, p. 410, pl. 80, figs. 11, 12. 
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 9 

1943. Nostoceras he/icinum (Shumard). Haas, Am. Mus. Novitates 

1222, p. 2, figs. 1 a, 6, 7 . 

. ?1965. Nostoceras he/icinum (Shumard). Howarth, British Mus. (Nat. 

History) Bull., Geology, v. 10, no. 10, p. 383, pl. 8, figs. 3a, b, 

Sa-c. 

?1969. Nostoceras aff. N. he/icinum (Shumard). Sornay, in Antunes and . 

Sornay, Lisboa Univ. Fac Cienc. Rev., 2d ser. C, v. 16, pt. 1, p. 

86, pis. 2-5. 

The type specimens described by Shumard (1861, p. 191) 

are lost; they came from "Chatfield Point and Corsicana, 

Navarro County." Stephenson (1941, p. 411, pl. 80, figs. 11, 

12) selected as the neotype a spire of three complete whorls 

from the Nacatoch Sand near Chatfield. This specimen has 

an apical angle of 92° and whorl rib count~ of 56 at a 

diameter of 14 mm, 59 at 15 mm, 61 at 19 mm, and 64 at 23. 

and 28 mm (fig. 5). The neotype differs from Nostoceras· 

stantoni and N. hyatti in greater apical angle and in denser: 

ribbing. A body chamber was not illustrated. According to 

Stephenson, the neotype came from a collection of fossils 

(USGS Mesozoic loc. 762; Stephenson, 1941, p. 47) that 

included the type specimens of Stephenson's Bacu/ites 

undatus, Scaphites rugosus, S. pumilus, and Solenoceras 

multicostatum, as well as specimens of Solenoceras 

texanum (Shumard), Nostocerasstantoni Hyatt, Turrilites 

[Nostoceras1 splendidus Shumard, Helicoceras 

[D.idymoceras 1 navarroense Shumard, and Parapachjidiscus· [Pachydiscus 1 arkansanus Stephenson. 

Nostoceras helicinum is apparently scarce in the 

Nacatoch Sand in the Chatfield area. The material from 

Chatfield studied by Stephenson but not described or. 

figured includes but a single fragment referable to N. 

he/icinum. Of 45 Nostoceras spires at hand, collected from 

the Chatfield area after the publication of Stephenson's 

work, 43 represent N. stantoni and 2 represent Stephenson's 

N. helicinum var. crassum. Specimens of Nostoceras from 

the Nacatoch Sand of the.Corsicana area (12 miles south of 

. Chatfield) consist·· of N. helicinum and N. hyatti ~nd 

probably represent a slightly different age. level than the 

fossiliferous beds at Chatfield. The collection from 

Corsicana (USGS Mesozoic loc. 518; Stephenson, 1941, p .. 

47) from which Stephenson selected his types of N .. hyatti 

include six other Nostoceras spires all referable to N. 

helicinum. Other ammonites in this collection are 

Stephenson's Baculites undatus and Solenoceras 

multicostatum. 

About 10 specimens in the Mendryk collect.ion seem 

assignable to Nostoceras helicinum. One consists of a body 

chamber and part of the spire (pl. 4, figs. 1-4), aqother 

consists of a nearly complete body chamber (pl. 4, figs. 

5-7), and the rest consist of parts of body chambers and 

(or) the adjoining parts of septate whorls. The· specimen 

consisting of hook and spire is about the size of the neotype 

and about as densely r~bbed (62 ribs at a diameter of 30 

mm). (See fig. 5.) Ribs on the hook have a minimum index 

of 6. 

A nearly complete body chamber (pl. 4,_ figs. 5-7) 

70.---------~--------~------.-l------~~-------. 

60 i-

_J 

a: 

0 

I 

$ 

a: 50 i- - UJ 

0.. 

(/) 

Ill 

a: 

40- -

30~------~------~------~------~----~ 0 10 20 30 40 50 

DIAMETER, IN MILLIMETERS 

FIGURE 5.- Scatter diagram showing the number of ribs per whorl on the 

spires of Nostoceras of the he/icinum-hyatti species group from the basal 

part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J. (dots), and 

on Stephenson's types from the Nacatoch. Sand in northeastern Texas 

(crosses). Rib counts and diameters of the Nacatoch specimens are based 

on plaster casts and photographs. 1, N. hyatti Stephenson; holotype. 

USNM 77258; 2, N. hyatti; paratype USNM 77259; 3, N. stantoni· 

Hyatt; cotype USNM 2327Sa; 4, N. stantoni; cotype USNM 23278b; 5, 

N. stantoni var. prematurum Hyatt; holotype USNM 23279; 6, N. stantoni var. aberrans Hyatt; cotype USNM 23280a; 7, N. helicinum 

(Shumard); neotype USNM 2ll03a; 8, N. helicinum var. crassum 

Stephenson; holotype USNM 77261; 9, Figures estimated owing to incomplete whorls. 

consists of a hook from a specimen that was a littie larger 

than the neotype. A well-defined contact furrow 31 mm long 

suggests tha~ the spire was at least 37-38 mm in diameter. 

The hook is more open than that of either N. hyatti or N .. 

stantoni, and the aperture does not directly face the spire . 

The aperture, 24.5 mm wide, is incomplete but apparently 

bounded by a thin rib. A smooth area 7.5 mm wide 

separates this rib from a conspicuous constriction bordered · 

by thin high ribs. The rest of the hook is ornamented by 

sharp ribs that are narrower than the interspaces and 

strongest on the flanks. Rib indices are 6 to 8, . and 

bifurcated and intercalated ribs are common. The dorsurri·is 

nearly smooth. Tubercles of the lower row are conspicuous 

on the older part of the hook where they rise from every 

other rib and become bullate. At the point where the hook 

bends downward, both rows of tubercles weaken abruptly 

·and remain barely discernible on the rest of the hook. 

·A large septate fragment (pl. 4, figs. 12-14) has a 

diameter of 23 mm and a conspicuous contact furrow. 

Tubercles, which are very weak, are present on everv second 

. or third rib. The suture is shown in figure 6. 

In addition to the ·New -Jersey and Texas records, N. 

helicinum occurs in the United States in the Coon Creek 

Tongue of the Ripley Formation in western Tennessee, 

where it is associated with N. hyatti Stephenson, 
10 AMMONITES FROM THE NAVESINK FORMATION, ATLANTIC HIGHLANDS, NEW JERSEY 

FIGURE 6. -Suture, X 2, of Nostoceras helicinum (Shumard) at a 

diameter of 21.5 mm (pl. 4, figs. 12-14). Heavy line marks the 

middle of the external lobe; light line marks the middle of the 

internal lobe. Hypotype USNM 182465. 

Solenoceras tex~num (Shumard), S. reesidei Stephenson, 

Didymoceras navarroense (Shumard), and Baculites 

undatus Stephenson. It has also been recorded questionably 

from the Saratoga Chalk of southwestern Arkansas (Dane, 

1929, p. 111). 

Nostoceras helicinum has been recorded from Colombia 

(Burgi and Dumit Tobon, 1954, pl. 6), Angola (Haas, 1943, 

p. 2; Howarth, 1965, p. 383), and Israel (Lewy, 1967, p. 169; 

1969, p. 120). The specimens from Angola figured by 

Howarth (1965, p. 383, pl. 8, figs. 3a, b, 5a-c) consist of 

parts of two spires that combine the low whorls of N. 

helicinum with the sparser ribbing of N. hyatti. A splendid 

Nostoceras from Angola consisting of a hook and a spire of 

three whorls has been figured by Sornay (in Antunes and 

Sornay, 1969, p. 86, pis. 2-5) who referred it to Nostoceras 

aff. helicinum. The spire has the dense ribbing of N. 

helicinum, but the whorls are higher. Sornay's specimen has 

been the subject of a recent postage stamp in Angola. 

Types. - Neotype USNM 21103a; hypotypes USNM 

182462-182468. 

Nostoceras hyatti Stephenson 

. Plate 5, figures 1-21; plate 6, figures 1-12; plate 7, figures 1-1 0; 

plate 8, figures l-30; text-figure 8 

1892. Heteroceras conradi (Morton) (part). Whitfield, New Jersey Geol. 

Survey Paleont. Ser., v. 2, p. 269, pl. 45, figs. 12, 13 (not figs. 

9-11, 14). 

1892. Heteroceras conradi (Morton) (part). Whitfield, U.S. Geol. 

Survey Mon. 18, p. 269, pl. 45, figs. 12, 13 (not figs. 9-11, 14). 

1907. Heteroceras conradi (Morton). Weller, New Jersey Geol. Survey 

Paleont. Ser., v. 4, p. 833, pl. 108, figs. 5-'8. 

1941. Nostoc~ras hyatti Stephenson, Texas Univ. Bull. 4101, p. 410, pl. 

81, figs. 9-12. 

:1951. Didymoceras sp. nov. ind. Sorriay, Rev. Zoo!. et Bot. Africaines, 

p~ 274, pl. 4, fig. 4 . 

. 1962. Nostoceras sp. Reeside, New Jersey Bur. Geology and 

Topography Bull. 61, pt. 2, p. 119, pl. 69, figs. 7-12. 

.1965. Nostoceras hyatli Stephenson. Howarth, British Mus. (Nat. 

History) Bull., Geology, v. 10, no. 10, p. 378, pl. 9, figs. la-d, 

2a-c; pl. 10, figs. la. b; text-fig. 16. · 

'?1969. Nostoceras cf. N. hyatti Stephenson. Lewy, Israel Jour. EarthSci., v. 18, p. 118, pl. 1, figs. 4a, b. 

-1969. Nostoceras aff. N. hyatti Stephenson. Sornay, in Antunes and 

Sornay, Lisboa Univ. Fac. Cienc. Rey., 2d ser. C, v. 16! pt. l, p. · 

86, pl. 6, fig. 1. 

Stephenson (1941, pl. 81, figs. 9-12) illustrated the 

holotype and two paratypes all from the Nacatoch Sand at 

Corsicana, Navarro County, Tex. The holotype consists of a 

spire of three whorls that has an apical angle of 81 °. The 

back third of the specimen is missing, but my estimates of 

the numb~r of ribs per whorl ranges from 45 at a diameter 

of 18.5 mm to 65 at a diameter of 42.5 mm (fig. 5). One of 

the paratypes is a smaller spire of three whorls that has an 

apical angle ot 6S0 "and rib counts per whorl of 33 at 1l.8 

mm, 37 at 19.0 mm, and 43 at 23.6 mm (fig. 5). The other 

paratype is a complete body chamber or hook. Rib density 

on the two spires does not differ greatly from that on the 

spires of the type specimens of Hyatt's Nostoceras stantoni 

and his varieties prematurum and aberrans (fig. 5). 

Stephenson (1941, p. 41 0) observed that N. hyatti differed 

from N. stantoni "in its much greater size, in its coarser, 

sharper and more irregular ornamentation, and in the 

somewhat looser and more rapid incoiling of the spiral 

volutions." 

Ninety-four body chambers and fragments of the septate 

to nonseptate portions of the older parts of hooks in the 

Mendryk collection are assignable to Nostoceras hyatti. 

Parts of 24 spires can also be considered this species, 

although none consists of more than 2 whorls. Most of these 

i spires have lower whorls (and, hence, greater spire angles) 

than those of the types of N. hyatti, and most are more 

sparsely ribbed. Rib counts, which could be made or 

estimated on 12 of the spiral whorls, range from 34 to 56 per 

whorl (fig. 5). Inasmuch as the spires are internal molds, the 

ribs and tubercles are not as sharply defined as those on the 

·types of N. hyatti from the Nacatoch Sand that retain their 

shell material. Some of the ribs are flattened on crossing the 

venter (pl. 8, figs. 14, 16, 27, 28), and most tubercles are flat 

topped, indicating the presence once of septate spines. On 

three spires the flat-topped tubercles abruptly change to. 

pointed tubercles (pl. 8, figs. 11, 12, 17), and at the same 

place, the ribs become sharper. This change occurs at spire 

diameters of 25.5, 31.0, and 31.5 mm. No evidence of this 

change is apparent on other spires, two of which have 

diameters as ·great as 41 and 43 mm (pl. 8, figs. 20, 22). 

Constrictions are well developed on the spires and 

number three to five per whorl. One specimen has a 

moderately high rib bounding one side of a constriction. 

The body chamber varies considerably in length; it may 

include the entire hook (pl. 5, fig. 19) or only part of it (pl. 5, 

fig. 12). The aperture is normal and not flared. 

The 94 hooks or parts of hooks in the Mendryk collection 

show a great range in size without separation into two· 

clearly defined .size groups if sexual dimorphism was 

apparent. Measurements of the diameter of the older part of 

the limb of a hook just ahead of the bend reveal that most 

specimens have limb diameters of 14-20 mm. The size 

distribution of the 57 specimens that have this part of the 

limb preserved is shown in figure 7. The smallest specimen 

has less than one-half the diameter of the largest specimen. 
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 11 

(I) 

2 

w 

~ 

0 

w 

Cl.. 

(I) 

~ 

0 

0: 

w 

co 

~ 

::::> 

2 

5 

individuals, the tubercles of a pair at the bend and older part 

of the hook are connected across the venter by double ribs 

(pl. 5, fig. 8), or they are connected by ribs in a zigzag 

manner. Tubercles are largest at the bend of the hook where 

they are usually conical and sharp; they become smaller and 

bullate away from there. On some small specimens tubercles 

· are very weak and are present on only a few ribs (pl. 5, fig .. 

5) or they may be absent (pl. 5, fig. 1). Tubercles are present 

on all but one of the larger specimens (pl. 5, figs. 14-16). 

A typical suture is shown in figure 8. The only suture that 

has beet} illustrated for N. hyatti is one by Howarth ( 1965, 

text-fig. 16) for a specimen from Angola. 

FIGURE 8. - Suture, X 2, of Nostoceras hyatti Stephenson at a 

whorl diameter of 20.5 mm (pl. 7, figs. 4, 5). Heavy line marks the 

middle of the external lobe; light line marks the middle of the internal lobe. Hypotype USNM 182480. 

12 14 16 18 20 22 24 

Aside from New Jersey and northeastern Texas, 

Nostoceras hyatti is known with certainty elsewhere in 

North America only in the Coon Creek Tongue of the 

Ripley Formation in. western Tennessee, where it is 

associated with N. helicinum (Shumard), Baculites undatus 

Stephenson, Solenoceras texanum (Shumard), S. reesidei 

Stephenson, and Didymoceras · navarroense (Shumard). 

Parts of two limbs from California, described and 

illustrated by Anderson and Hanna ( 1935, p. 23, pl. 7, figs. 

2-4; pl. 8, fig. 5) as "Hamites" vancouverensis Gabb and 

later assigned to Exite/oceras by Anderson ( 19 58, p. 201 ), 26 . 

· resemble N. hyatti in their general appear.ance as already 

DIAMETER, IN MILLIMETERS 

FIGURE 7. - Histogram showing size frequency distribution of 57 body 

chambers of Nostoceras hyatti Stephenson from Atlantic Highlands, 

N.J., based on the intercostal diameter of the older part of the limb just 

above the bend. 

Ribs on the hooks are strong, sharp, and generally 

.singular. Most are spaced three to four for the limb 

diameter. They. are highest on the middle of the flank and 

very weak or absent on the middle of the dorsum. The ribs 

weaken on crossing the venter at the bend of the hook and 

then become strong again toward the aperture, where they 

also become more closely spaced. They are prorsiradiate on 

the older half of the hook and rursiradiate to recti radiate on 

the younger half. A few ribs may branch on the flanks. 

Tubercles are usually present on each rib around the bend 

of the hook and on each rib from the bend to the aperture 

(pl. 5, figs. 17, 18}. On the older part of the hook, tubercles 

may occur on every rib or on alternate ribs. On some 

pointed out by Howarth (1965, p. 380). One of the 

specimens, consisting of the younger limb of a hook 85 mm 

long, is nearly twice as large as any known similar limb of 

N. hyatti from Texas, Tennessee, or New Jersey. The other 

specimen, consisting of the elbow of a hook, is also larger 

than any example of N. hyatti at hand. 

Outside the United States Nostoceras hyatti has been 

recorded from Angola (Howarth, 1965, p. 378), 

Madagascar (Collignon, 1970, p. 17), and Israel (Lewy, 

1967, p. 169; 1969, p. 117). Howarth (1965, pl. 9, figs. la-d, 

2a-c; pl. 10, figs. 1a,. b) has illustrated several body 

cham hers and the basal whorl of a sp.i're all closely 

resembling specimens in the Mendryk collection. A nearly 

complete specimen from Angola recently figured by Sornay 

(in Antunes and Sornay, 1969, p. 86, pl. 6, fig. 1) as 

Nostoceras aff. hyatti seems to me to be a typical N. hyaiti. 

A specimen from Angola figured earlier by Sornay (1951, p. 

274, pl. 4, fig. 4) as Didymoceras, sp. nov., was assigned to 

N. hyatti by· Howarth ( 1965, p. 378). The whorl from the 
12 AMMONITES FROM THE NAVESINK FORMATION, ATLANTIC HIGHLANDS, NEW JERSEY 

middle Campanian of Madagascar described by Collignon 

(1970, p. 17, pl. 614, fig. 2293) as N. hyatti var. 

mitraikyensis is too slender and too loosely coiled to belong 

to N. hyatti. The body chamber from Israel illustrated by 

Lewy (1969, pl. 1, figs. 5a, b) as an example of N. hyatti has 

the rows of tubercles too far apart for this species. A nearly 

complete specimen described by Lewy (1969, p. 118, pl. 1, 

figs. 4a, b) as Nostoceras cf. N. hyatti seems to me to be a 

N. hyatti transitional to N. helicinum, much like the 

specimen from Atlantic Highlands shown on plate 7, figures 

4, 5. . 

Types. - Holotype USNM 77258; paratypes USNM 

72259; hypotypes USNM 182469-182496, 182526. 

Nostoceras cf_: N. stantoni Hyatt 

Plate 9, figures 23-31; text-figure 9 

1894. Nostoceras stantoni Hyatt, Am. Philos. Soc. Proc., v. 32, no. 143, 

p. 570. 

1941. Nostoceras stantoni Hyatt. Stephenson, Texas Univ. Bull. 4101, p. 

407, pl. 80, figs. 1-5. 

The spires of the cotypes of Nostoceras stantoni have 

higher whorls and smaller apical angles than the types of N. 

he/icinum and N. hyatti. Rib density of these spires is 

comparable to that of the holotype of N. hyatti (fig. 5). The 

smaller of the cotype spires has about 48 ribs at a diameter 

of 27.4 mm, and the larger has 36 ribs at 9.7 mm, 42 ribs at 

15.5 mm, and 50 ribs at 24.7 and 34 mm. One of the cotypes 

includes the body chamber, which is rather densely ribbed 

with six to eight ribs for the limb diameter. Tubercles on this 

body chamber and on both spires are very small. 

Part of five spires in the Mendryk collection have the high 

·whorls and comparable rib density of N. stantoni. One 

individual (pl. 9, figs. 26-28) consists of a complete whorl, 

but the others consist of half a whorl or less. The complete 

whorl has a rib count of 54 at a diameter of 36 mm. 

Tubercles are absent on four of these internal molds and 

barely discernible on the fifth. Densely ribbed body 

chambers like that of the cotype of N. stantoni are not 

present in the Mendryk collection of heteromorphs. Until 

such body chambers are discovered, it seems best not to 

definitely assign the five spire fragments to N. stantoni. The 

sutures of two of these specimens are shown in figure 9. 

Nostoceras stantoni is known with c~rtainty only from 

the Nacatoch Sand of northeastern Texas. 

Types. - Cotypes USNM 23278a and b; figured 

specimens USNM 182503-182506. 

Nostoceras pauper (Whitfield) 

Plate 9, fig~nes I-22; text-figure I 0 

1892. Turrilites pauper Whitfield, New Jersey Geol. Survey Paleont. 

Ser., v. 2, p. 268, pl. 45: figs. 1-5; U.S. Geol. Survey Mon. 18, p. 

268, pl. 45, figs. 1-5. 

1907. Turrilites pauper Whitfield. Weller, New Jersey Geol. Survey 

Paleont. Ser., v. 4, p. 834, pl. 108, figs. 1-4. 

1910. Turrilites pauper Whitfield. Grabau and Shimer, North American 

index fossils, v. 2, p. 211, figs. 1484, 1485. 

A 

FIGURE 9. - Sutures X 2, of Nostoceras cf. N. stantoni 

Hyatt. Heavy line marks the middle of the external lobe; 

light line marks the middle of the internal lobe. A, External and lateral lobes of the specimen shown on plate 9, 

figures 29-31; USNM 182505. B, Most of the suture of 

a specimen; USNM 182506. 

1921. Didymoceras pauper (Whitfield). Spath, South African Mus. 

Annals, v. 12, pt. 7, no. 16, p. 249, 251. 

1925. Turrilites pauper Whitfield. Diener, Fossilium Catalogus, I, 

Animalia, Part 29, p. 84. 

1962. Nostoceras pauper (Whitfield). Reeside, New Jersey Geol. Survey 

Bull. 61, pt. 2, p. 118, pl. 68, figs. 10-13. 

The holotype, and only specimen previously illustrated, 

consists of one and one-third whorls of a high sinistral spire 

that may have had an apical angle of as little as 20°. The 

diameter of the spire at its larger end is 29 mm. A deeply 

impressed area is present on the upper surface of the whorls, 

and its contact with the outer side is abrupt and angular. 

The sides of the whorls are broadly rounded and bear two 

conspicuous constrictions on the last half whorl. About 44 

ribs are present on the side of a whorl of 29 mm diameter. 

Ribs in the impressed area are strong, singular, and 

rursiradiate, whereas those on the rest of the whorl are 

prorsiradiate, singular to branched, and narrower than the 

interspaces. Ribbing is strongest at the outer margin of the 

impressed area. Two rows of small pointed bullate tubercles 

are present, one near the middle of the side and the other 

lower. Tubercles tend to form on alternate ribs, and those of 

one row form on different ribs than those of the other row. 

The specimen is partly septate, and its suture, figured by 

Whitfield ( 1892, pl. 45, fig. 5), is about as incised as that of 

either Nostoceras helicinum or N. hyatti. 

A plaster cast of a worn spire of three complete whorls in 

the collections at the National Museum of Natural 

History is of considerable interest even though the 

whereabouts of the original specimen is unknown (pl. 9, fig. 

11 ). It reveals that the final whorl of N. pauper bends down 

a little at a small angle to the spire so that the last part of the 

whorl is freed from the penultimate.whorl, and the aperture 

may have been directed at almost a right angle to the spire. 
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 13 

The label for this cast merely states "Turrilites. Cretaceous. 

New Jersey." 

Nine specimens in the Mendryk collection represent N. 

pauper. Six are sinistral and three are dextral. Five consist 

of less than a whorl, whereas the others consist of one and a 

fourth to three complete whorls. The specimen of three 

whorls (pl. 9, fig. 12) has a height of 38 mm, a diameter of 

29 mm, and an apical angle of 30 degrees. Rib density is 

. similar to the holotype; 40 ribs are present for a whorl at 18 

mm diameter, and 44 ribs are present at 22 mm. Five deep 

constrictions occur on this spire of three complete whorls.· 

Tubercles are sharp and bullate on the last quarter whorl 

and are flat-topped on the rest of the whorls. On most of the 

specimen two ribs rise from each tubercle of the upper row 

and cross the upper half of the side to the margin of the impressed area where the ribs become accentuated. An intercalated rib may occur between the pairs of ribs. 

Tubercles and the constrictions and ribs in the impressed 

area are well developed on the two smallest specimens at 

hand which have diameters of 13 and 14 mm (pl. 9, figs. 

1-6). On a slightly larger and more densely ribbed half 

whorl that has a diameter of about 18 mm, tubercles are 

absent (pl. 9, figs. 15, 16). 

The two largest specimens have diameters of 38 and 39 

mm. The smaller (pl. 9, figs. 19-22), which consists of one 

and a fourth nonseptate whorls, has 40 ribs and two 

constrictions per whorl and an apical angle. of about 

30-35 °. Small slightly bullate pointed tubercles are present 

on alternate ribs on the older part and on nearly every rib on 

the younger part. Near the larger end of the specimen, the 

area between the rows of tubercles flattens and then 

becomes slightly depressed (pl. 9, fig. 19). The larger 

specimen (pl. 9, figs. 17, 18) is most unusual by having large 

tubercles which impart a depressed appearance to the somewhat flattened area between the rows of tubercles. The 

tubercles are slightly bullate and number 19 per whorl. Two 

ribs usually rise from each tubercle of the upper row, 

whereas usually one rib rises from a tubercle in the lower 

~ow. The specimen, which has an apical angle of about 42°, 

ts septate at least to a whorl diameter of 38 mm. 

Parts of sutures are visible on most specimens, but they 

are usually poorly preserved. The best suture is shown in 

figure 10. 

Nostoceras pauper is known only from New Jersey. A 

closely related ~pecies has been found in slightly older rocks 

along the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal in Delaware and 

in the Mancos Shale (Didymoceras stevensoni zone) near 

Aspen, Colo. (Freeman, 1972, loc. D7028). 

Types. - Holotype New Jersey State Mus. 7659; 

hypotypes USNM 182497-182502. 

Nostoceras mendryki Cobban. n. sp. 

Plate I 0, figures 1-17; text-figure II 

Parts of three spires, two sinistral and one dextral, from 

Atlantic Highlands differ from other examples of 

537-783 0- 74 • 3 

,-.... , I ._ I .. 

FIGURE 10. - Part of the sutu.r,e, X 4, of Nostoceras pauper (Whitfield) 

(pl. 9, figs. 7 -10). Heavy line marks the middle of the external lobe; 

dashed circles mark oositions of ventral tubercles. Hypotype USNM 

182499. 

Nostoceras by having more tubercles and by having them 

lower on the sides of the whorls. Aside from these three 

specimens, the species is represented by only six other 

specimens, from a locality near Holmdel, N.J. 

The holotype (pl. 10, figs. 6-8) is a· septate dextral whorl 

24 mm in diameter that has a moderately small umbilical 

opening and a well-defined impressed area. A single 

constriction is present; it is bounded by thin high ribs. 

Tubercles are flat topped and occur in equal numbers in two 

closely spaced rows. The upper row is located at the middle 

of the whorl where it attains its greatest diameter. The 

tubercles of a row are closely spaced, numbering about 33 

per whorl. Each tubercle of the upper row gives rise to two 

ribs which slant backwards a little on crossing the upper half 

of the whorl. Some of these ribs may unite again at the 

margin of the impressed area, where all ribs become slightly 

accentuated. The ribs then cross the impressed area with a 

fo~ward slant. Most tubercles of the lower row give rise to 

single ribs which cross the lower part of the whorl with a 

· forward slant. The ribs weaken and disappear on the 

dorsum. Ribs per whorlnumber about 38 on the impressed 

area and on the lower part of the whorl, whereas they 

number about 50 on the upper half of the side. The suture is 

rather simple (fig. II); lobes and saddles are broad, and 

their branches are short. 

A smaller sinistral whorl of a spire (pl. 10, figs. 4, 5) is 

much like the holotype except that the ribs and tubercles are 

sh.arper. Ribs in the impressed area number about 30 per 

whorl. 

The largest specimen from Atlantic Highlands consists of 

the .old.er part of a body chamber (pl. 10, figs. 9-11) that is 

begmmng to show its bend downward and away from the 

spire. Ribs are sharp and narrower than the interspaces 

except in the area between the rows of tubercles where the 

ribs are subdued and mostly flattened. Some· pairs of 

tubercles are connected by double or looped ribs. 

Specimens from the Holmdel area consist of a whorl or 

less of two sinistral and three dextral spires and most 
14 AMMON.ITES FROM THE NAVESINK FORMATION, ATLANTIC HIGHLANDS, NEW JERSEY 

FIGUR_E 11.- Suture, X 5, of Nostoceras mendryki Cobban, n. sp., at a 

diameter of 19 mm (pl.. 10, figs. 6-8). Heavy line marks the middle of 

the external lobe; light line marks the middle of the internal lobe; dashed 

circles marl. positions of ventral tubercles. Holotype USNM ·182507. 

of a sinistral body chamber. The smallest specimen (pl. 10, 

figs. 1-3) shows sharply defined ribs and tubercles at a 

diameter of 11 mm. The largest specimen (pl.· 10, figs. 

15-17) is a body chamber lacking the apertural end. Its 

older end has an impressed area of the spire. The body 

chamber curved away from the spire at an acute angle, and 

its aperture may have been directed almost at right angles to 

the axis of the spire. Ribs are sharp, narrow, singular on the 

underside of the whorl, and singular to branched on the 

upper side. Tubercles are sharp and conspicuously bullate. 

Nostoceras mendryki is closely related to N. alternatum 

(Tuomey) and N. schloenbachi (Favre). N. alternatum, 

originally described but not illustrated by Tuomey ( 1854, p. 

168) as Ammonites alternatus from Mississippi, differs by 

having the tubercles- much lower on the whorls. Tuomey's 

species is slightly younger· than N. mendryki and occurs in 

the Ripley Formation of Mississippi, Alabama, and 

Georgia. N. sch/oenbachi, originally described from France 

as Helicoceras schloenbachi Favre (1869, p. 30, pl. 7, figs. 

5a-c), differs by having lower whorls and a larger umbilical. 

opening. 

Types. - Holotype USNM 182507; paratypes USNM 

182508-182512. 

Genus AXONOCERAS Stephenson, 1941 

Type species. - Axonoceras comorPrrum ~tepnenson, 

1941. 

Stephenson ( 1941, p. 422) proposed this genus for "long 

slender shells coiled in one plane, with numerous closely 

spaced ribs and two rows of ventral nodes. * * * The 

shells may be closely coiled, though not involute, but most 

of them are more or less loosely and irregularly coiled." 

Haas (1943, p. 9), in the course of describing a new 

species of Axonoceras, noted that his species deviated a 

little from Stephenson's generic definition ·by having a very 

flat helicoid spjre and by having tubercles only at a certain 

growth stage. 

Axonoceras is further characterized by the small size of 

. adult specimens and by the presence 9f constrictions. Some 

.authors (Matsumoto, 1967, p. 340, 344; Lewy, 1969, p. 123) 

regard Axonoceras as a subjective synonym of Exiteloceras 

Hyatt ( 1894, p. 576). The genera are easilv separated; 

Exiteloceras has much larger adult specimens that have 

considerably more complex sutures, and the early whorls, 

which are usually hamitid, lack constrictions. 

Axonoceras has been recorded only from Texas 

(Stephenson, 1941, p. 422 -425), Colorado (Izett and· 

others, 1971, p. A7), and Angola (Haas, 1943, p. 7-10; 

Antunes and Sornay, 1969, p. 88). A helical whorl from 

Angola figured by Soares (1958, p. 19, pl. 5, figs. 2, 4) as 

Axonoceras? lacks tubercles, is much larger than any known 

Axonoceras, and represents some other genus. 

Axonoceras cf A. angolanum Haas 

Plate 10, figures 18-21 

1943. Axonoceras ango/anum Haas, Am. Mus. Novitates 1222, p. 8, 

text-figs. 3, 10-13. 

This species is coiled in an extremely low flat spiral in 

which the limbs are in contact at first and later freed. The 

· whorl section is subcircular with the width slightly exceeding 

the height; its dorsum is flattened. Ribs are rectiradiate at 

first and later rursiradiate; they are singular, narrow, sharp, 

and closely spaced (index of 4 or 5). Very small pointed 

tubercles are present on every rib on a small part of the shell 

and absent on the rest. 

A single, uniformly curved nonseptate fragment 20 mm 

long in the Mendryk collection may be Axonoceras 

ango/anum. The width of its subcircular whorl section 

slightly exceeds the height. Ribs are singular, rursiradiate, 

narrow, and sharp; they have an index of 4. The ribs are 

strongest at the ·ventrolateral margin and weakest on the 

flattened dorsum where they are arched forward. The height 

of the ribs decreases slightly on the middle part of the 

venter. Tubercles are absent. 

Haas' specimens came from Angola. The specimen from 

Atlantic Highlands is unique in that no other examples are 

known from the Navesink Formation. Likewise, 

representatives of Axonoceras have not been found in the 

time-equivalent Nacatoch Sand of Texas nor in the Coon 

Creek Tongue of the Ripley Formation of Tennessee. 

Type. - Figured specimen USNM 182513. 

Genus EXI_TELOCERAS Hyatt, 1894. 

Type species. - Ancy/oceras jenneyi W~itfield, 1877 

The species on which this genus is based is loosely coiled 

in a plane. The early whorls vary from straight limbs 

connected by semicircular elbows to elliptical or nearly 

circular loops. Later whorls are elliptical to circular. 

Contact between whorls is unusual. The ovate whorl section 

has a broader dorsum than venter. Ribs are mostly 

rursiradiate, but they may be rectiradiate on parts of some 

whorls. The ribs may be straight. or flexuous; most have 

indices of 4 to 6. Each rib usually rises into a conspicuous 

nodate tubercle at the ventrolateral shoulder. Opposite 

tubercles are generally connected by a single weak rib, but · 

on a few specimens a pair of w~ak looped ribs connect the 

tubercles. The suture is deeply incised. 
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 15 

Exiteloceras oronense (Lewy) 

Plate 10, figures 22-35; text-figure 12 

1969. /diohamites? oronensis Lewy, Israel Jour. Earth-Sci., v. 18, p. 127, 

pl. 3, figs. 10, 11. 

This species differs from the genotype species by having 

.more numerous ribs (indices of 9-12 at midflank) and by 

having fewer tubercles than ribs. Lewy~s figured holotype 

and para type are parts of loose elliptically coiled limbs that 

do not have the suture preserved. 

Parts of three elliptically coiled septate limbs in the 

Mendryk collection seem assignable to Exiteloceras 

oronense. The largest specimen (pl. 10, figs. 29-32), 83 mm 

long, has a subquadrangular whorl section 37 mm high and 

28 mm wide at the larger end. The dorsum is broader than 

the flattened venter, and the greatest width of the section is 

at the dorsolateral margin. Ribs are rectiradiate to 

rursiradiate, rather straight, narrower than the interspaces, 

and closely spaced (index of 9). About every two ribs rise 

A 

into a flat-topped ventrolateral tubercle. Opposite tubercles 

are connected across the venter by a pair of broad weak ribs. 

The dorsum is smooth. 

The other two specimens (pl. 10, figs. 22-28) have 

similar whorl heights of about 25.5 mm and cross sections in 

which the dorsum is broader than the venter. Ribbing is a 

little rursiradiate and, on one specimen, slightly flexuous. 

The rib index for these specimens is 8, which is a little lower 

than that of Lewy's two figured specimens. Tubercles are 

flat topped and rise from each pair of ribs on one specimen 

and from every third or fourth rib on the other. Sutures of 

these specimens are shown in figure 12. 

An unusual specimen (pl. 10, figs. 33-35) in the Peabody 

Museum at Yale University has a blunt tubercle on each rib. 

The specimen is a septate fragment 45 mm long of an 

elliptically coiled limb. Its midflank rib index is 8. 

Types. - Hypotypes USNM 182514-182516, Yale 

Peabody Mus. 68. 

FIGURE 12. - Sutures, X 4, of Exite/oceras oronense (Lewy). Heavy line marks the middle of the external lobe; light line marks the 

middle of the internal lobe. A, Hypotype USNM 182514 (pl. 10, figs. 22-24). B, Hypotype USNM 182515 (pl. JO, figs. 25-28). 
/:: 

16 AMMONITES FROM THE NAVESI.NK FORMATION, ATLANTIC HIGH.LANDS, NEW JERSEY 

Genus DIDYMOCERAS Hyatt, 1894 

Type species. - A ncyloceras? nebrascensis Meek and 

Hayden, 1856. 

This genus and its type species have been treated recently 

(Cobban, 1970, p. D71-D72). A dosely related form, 

Cirroceras Conrad (1868, p. 730), was based on a crushed 

helicoid whorl from Arneytown, N.J. The specimen is 

apparently lost, and ·plaster casts made of it before its 

disappearance are either poor or represent a very worn 

specimen. Howarth (1965, p. 372), Matsumoto (1967, p. 

339), and Lewy '(1969, p. 110) considered Cirroceras an 

unusable generic name; I am in agreement with them. 

Didyrnoceras navarroense (Shumard) 

Plate 11, figures 1-4; text-figure 13 

.1861. Helicoceras navarroensis Shumard, Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. Proc., 

v. 8, p. 190. 

1926. He/icoceras navarroense Shumard. Wade, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

Paper 137, p. 184, pl. 61, figs. 8-ll; pl. 62, figs. l, 2. 

1928. He/icoceras? navarroense Shumard. Adkins, Texas Univ. Bull. 

2838, p. 210. 

1941. Helicoceras navarroense Shumard. Stephenson, Texas Univ. Bull. 

4101, p. 417, pl. 83, figs. 9-13. 

1959. Didymoceras sp. ind. Sornay, in Arambourg and others, Mus. 

Natl. Histoire Nat. [Paris]; Notes et Mem. sur le Moyen-Orient, 

v. 7, p. 222, pl. 7, figs. 3a-. b. 

1965. Didymoceras navarroense (Shumard). Howarth, British Mus. 

(Nat. History) Bull., Geology, v. 10, no. 10, p. 373. 

1969. Didymoceras cf. navarroense (Shumard). Lewy, Israel Jour. EarthSci., v. 18, p. 115, pl. l, fig. I. 

Fragments of two septate sinistral whorls in the Mendryk 

collection are referred to Didymoceras navarroense 

(Shumard). Each consists of about a quarter of a whorl of a 

large specimen. Ribs are rounded, narrower than the interspaces, and longest on the upper side of the whorl, where 

they are rursiradiate. Each pair of ribs on the upper side 

merge fnto a strong rounded ventrolateral tubercle. 

Opposite tubercles are connected across the somewhat 

flattened venter by a pair of very weak ribs. Ribs tend to be 

. singular on the lower side of the whorl. The suture -is 

complex (fig. 13). 

Didymoceras navarroense has not been recorded. 

previously from New Jersey. In the lJnited States the' 

·species occurs in Tennessee, Arkansas, Texas, and 

Colorado. The Tennessee occurrences are in the Coon 

Creek Tongue of the Ripley Formation where D. 

navarroense is associated with Baculites undatus Stephenson, Nostoceras hyatti Stephenson, N. helicinum· 

(Shumard), Solenoceras texanum (Shumard), and S .. 

reesidei Stephenson. Arkansas occurrences are in the 

Saratoga Chalk. In northeastern Texas D. navarroense occurs in the Neylandville Marl and overlying Nacatoch Sand. 

The Colorado occurrences are in the Pierre Shale near 

Kremmling (Range Zon~ o.f Bacu/ites cuneatus Cobban) 

·and Fort Collins (Range Zone of Baculites reesidei Elias). 

Outside the United S~ates, D. navarroense has been 

recorded from Israel (Lewy, 1969, p. 115) and Colombia 

(Petters, 1955, p. 216, 224). 

Types. - Hypo types USNM 182517, 182527. 

Family SCAPHITIDAE Meek, 1876 

Genus HOPLOSCAPHITES Nowak, 1911 

Type species. - Ammonites constrictus J. Sowerby, 

1817. 

Wright (in Arkell, Kummel, and Wright, 1957, p. L229) 

defined Hop/oscaphites ·in a broad sense as follows: 

"Compressed and flat-sided to inflated with convex sides; 

venter flat or rounded, bordered with strong ventrolateral 

. clavi, at least on shaft and hook; shaft normally short." To 

this definition, I would add that tubercles may be sparse or 

absent on some specimens. Hop/oscaphites has been 

considered as a subgenus of Scaphites Parkinson (for 

example, Birkelund, 1965, p. 102; Cobban and Jeletzky, 

1965, p. 794). 

Hoploscaphites pumilus (Stephenson) 

Plate 11, figures 9-12 

1941. Scaphites pumilus Stephenson, Texas Univ. Bull. 4101, p. 426, pl. 

90, figs. 10-12. 

Stephenson based his species on a single adult 31 mm 

·long from the Nacatoch Sand near Chatfield, Tex. (USGS 

·Mesozoic loc. 762). The body chamber of the holotype has a 

squarish trapezoidal cross section in which the greatest 

wipth occurs at the umb~lical shoulders; its venter is very 

broadly rounded, and the ventrolateral and umbilical 

shoulders are sharply defined. On the older or straighter 

part of the body chamber the flanks are flat, but on the 

younger or curved part, they are pinched in a. little. The 

phragmocone has a well-defined umbilicus whose ratio is 14 

percent. Flanks and venter on the older half of the outer septate whorl are well rounded, but on the younger half, they ' 

gradually flatten as they merge with the body chamber. Ribs 

are strong and rectiradiate on the phragmocone, where they 

are divisible into primaries and secondaries. Each primary 

rises into a small nodate tubercle at the middle of the flank; 

the tubercles disappear near the end of the phragmocone . 

The body chamber is smooth except for low, widely spaced 

inconspicuous ventral ribs, a conspicuous row of closely 

spaced clavate ventrolateral tubercles, and a row of nodate 

umbilical tubercles. Both rows probably extended to the 

ora] 'end, although the aperture has been broken off the 

specimen. The row of lateral tubercles on the phragmocone 

disappears near the area where the ventrolateral tubercles of 

the body chamber begin, but the two rows are offset and do 

not represent continuations of a single row - a feature 

observed also by Stephenson (1941, p. 427). 

Hop/oscaphites pumilus is extremely scarce - only ont 

other specimen is at hand from the Nacatoch Sand of 

Texas. This specimen, an adult 41 mm long, differs from the 

holotype by having a smaller umbilicus that is partly 

covered by an urn bilical swelling and by having broader 

flanks. The specimen can be readily interpreted as a female, 

whereas the smaller holotype can be interpreted as a male 

(Cobban, 1969, p. 8-10). On the younger p~ut of the larger 

(female) specimen, closely spaced latera] ribs are present 
SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPT.IONS 17 

FIGURE 13. - Most of the suture, X 3, of Didymoceras navarroense (Shumard) at a whorl diameter of 30.5 mm (pl. 11, figs. 

3, 4). Line marks the middle of the external lob~;:. Hypotype USNM 182527. 

which are strongest a little out from the middle of the flank 

and tend to disappear before reaching the row of 

ventrolateral tubercles. 

Three specimens from Atlantic Highlands seem best 

assigned to Scaphites pumilus. One is a large complete body 

chamber of a female, whereas the other two are small body 

chambers of males. The female (pl. 11, figs. 11, 12), 50 mm 

in diameter, has a maximum thickness of 20.7 mm at the 

umbilical shoulder at the end of the straight part. Flanks are 

broad and flat, the venter is well rounded, and the 

ventrolateral shoulder is sharply defined. An. umbilical 

swelling imparts a convex outline to the umbilical wall on 

the straight part of the body chamber. The aperture is 

complete with constricted mouth border and dorsal lappet. 

Umbilical and ventrolateral rows of tubercles are 

conspicuous and persist completely around the body 

chamber. Umbilical tubercles are nodate to bullate, equal 

sized, and six in number; they are located on the umbilical 

shoulder on the curved part, but due to the umbilical 

swelling, the tubercles move out onto the flank on the 

straight part. The ventrolateral row consists of 17 nodate to 

clavate tubercles of nearly the same size and spacing. On the 

straight part of the body chamber, a low broad rib extends 

from each ventrohiteral tubercle down onto the outer part of 

the flank, where it .weakens and disappears. Likewise, a 

broad weak rib extends onto the lower part of the flank 

from each umbilical tubercle. Closely spaced narrow 

straight ribs occur on. the flanks of the curved part of the 

body chamber; they are strongest on the outer part of the 

flank and tend to disappear before reaching the row of 

ventrolateral tubercles. Ventral ribs are conspicuous and 

evenly spaced on the older half of the body chamber and 

near the aperture; they are weak on the rest of the venter. 

Most ribs are rather straight, but those near the aperture are 

arched slightly forward. On most of the venter, pairs of ribs 

occur on· elevated areas that are separated by low areas 

containing one or two ribs. Part of the last chamber is 

attached and reveals the ventral half of the last suture. This 

suture is poorly preserved but shows a rather simple pattern 

in which the lateral saddle is asymmetrically bifid anp about 

twice as wide as the lateral lobe. 

Both males from Atlantic Highlands are incomplete body 

chambers. The best specimen consists of the last threefourths of a body chamber about 34 mm diameter (pl. 11, 

figs. 9, 10). The flanks are flat, and the venter is broadly 

rounded. Nodate umbilical tubercles seem to persist to the 

constricted mouth border, but the clavate ventrolateral ones 

disappear about 15 mm back from the aperture. Distinct, 

· closely spaced lateral ribs occur on the younger part of the 

body chamber, whereas a few broad indistinct lateral ribs 

occur on the older part. Evenly spaced ribs cross the venter, 

and those near the aperture are arched forward slightly. The 

~ent~r on the older part is undulated conspicuously so that 

three or four ribs lie on each elevation and an equal number 

occupy each intervening low area. 

The undulations on the venter recall sparse specimens of 

Hoploscaphites constrictus (J. Sowerby) (Binckhorst, 1873, 

pl. Vd, fig.fi Mikhai1ov, 1951, pl. 17, figs. 79, 80; Luppov 

and Drushchits, 1958, pl. 62, figs. 3a, b), H.? pungens 

(Binckhorst, 1873, pl. Va3, figs. la-d; de Grossouvre, 1908, 

pl. 11, figs. 2a, b), H.? gibbus (Schluter, 1872, pl. 26, figs. 

6·-9), Acanthoscaphites? tridens (Kner) var. quadrispinosa 
18 AMMONITES FROM THE NAVESINK FORMATION, ATLANTIC HIGHLANDS, NEW JERSEY 

(Geinitz) (Mikhailov, 1951, pl. 19, fig. 93), and Scaphites 

hippocrepis (DeKay) (Cobban, 1969, pl. 5, figs. 19-23). 

Types. - Hypotypes USNM 182520, 182521. 

Hoploscaphites sp. 

Plate 11, figures 13-19; text-figure 14 

Parts of five septate coils and a fragment of a body 

chamber are referred to Hoploscaphites sp. The septate 

coils show a great range in stoutness from specimens that 

have whorls that are higher than .wide to those that have 

whorls that are as wide as high (pl. 11, figs. 13, 14) or wider 

than high (pl. 11, figs. 15 -18) .. Flanks are flattened to 

broadly convex, and the venter is well rounded. All 

specimens have conspicuous ribs and umbilical and 

ventrolateral tubercles. Tubercles are small, pointed, and 

somewhat bullate on the septate coils and slightly clavate on 

the body chamber. The suture (fig. 14) is moderately 

complex and similar to the examples presented by Meek 

(1876, pl. 25, figs. 1c. 2c, 3c). 

The slender to moderately stout septate whorls are 

similar to those of H. nodosus (Owen, 1852, p. 581, pl. 8, 

figs. 4, 4a) from the western interior region and its 

equivalent H. rugosus (Stephenson, 1941, p. 425, pl. 89, figs. 

15-18) from the gulf coastal region. One individual (pl. ll, 

figs: 13, 14), however, has more closely spaced tubercles 

than those on any specimens at hand from those regions. 

Ammonites identified as Scaphites nodosus have been listed 

.from rocks recorded as the Navesink Formation (Miller, 

1956, p. 734; Dorf and Fox, 1957, p. 5). 

Two septate coils (pl. 11, figs. 15-18) are larger and have 

more depressed sections than any scaphites of comparable 

age in the' United States. A piece of a huge body chamber· 

(pl. 11, fig. 19) is probably from this type of scaphite. 

Types. -·Figured specimens USNM 182522-182525. 

·Family PACHYDISC:IDAE Spath, ui22 

Genus PACHYDISCUS Zittel, 1884 

Type species. - Ammonites neubergicus von Hauer,. 

1858. 

Fragments of two septate whorls are all that represent the 

family Pachydiscid.ae in ·the·· Mendryk collection. 

Pachydiscids are. present sparingly in the Wenonah : 

Forma~ion of New Jersey and in the Marshalltown 

Formation of Delaware. 

Pachydiscus sp. 

Plate 11, figures 5-8; text-figure 15 

The two fragments from Atlantic Highlands are parts of . 

septate whorls. The larger one (pl. 11, figs. 7, 8) is a piece of 

the ventral part of a whorl whose cross seetion suggests a 

slightly compressed pachydiscid. Ribs are closely spaced, 

accentuated ·on the venter, and interrupted by .a harrow 

FIGURE 14. - External suture, X 2, of a very stout specimen of 

Hop/oscaphites sp. (pl. 11, figs. 15, 16). Line marks the middle of the 

external lobe; dashed circles mark positions of ventrolateral tubercles. 

USNM 182523. 

FIGURE 15. - Part of the external suture, X 3, of Pachydiscus sp. (pl. 11, 

figs. 7, 8). Line marks the middle of the external lobe. USNM 182519. 

umbilical and ventrolateral. Most of the ventral lobe, lateral 

lobe, and first lateral saddle are well exposed and highly 

incised (fig. 15). The smaller specimen (pl. 11, figs. 5, 6) 

consists of less th~n half a whorl of a poorly preserved 

specimen. that may have had smooth flanks and venter. Four 

bullate umbilical tubercles are visible; they probably 

numbered about six per half whorl. The suture is too poorly 

preserved to illustrate. . 

Casts of these specimens were examined by Dr. Andrzej 

Btaszkiewicz, Institute of Geology, Warsaw, Poland, who 

believed that they showed the most similarity to 

Pachydiscus neubergicus von Hauer (1858, p. 12, pl. 2, figs. 

1-3; not pl. 3, figs. 1, 2) of early Maestrichtian age. (written 

commun., Aug. 1972). 

Types.- Figured specimens USNM 182518, 182519. 

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fossils of New Jersey, Pt. 2: New Jersey Bur. Geology and 

Topography Bull. 61 [pt. 2], p. 113-137, pls. 68-75. 

Reiss, Z., 1962, Stratigraphy of phosphate deposits in Israel: Israel Geol. 

Survey Bull. 34, p. 1-23. 

Reyment, R. A., 1958, tiber einige Ammoniten aus dem Coniac 

Kolumbiens und Venezuelas, Siidamerika: Stockholm Univ. Acta, 

Stockholm Contr. Geology, v. 2, p. 1-25, 4 pls. 

Richards, H. G., 1962, Miscellaneous fossils, App. B, in The Cretaceous 

fossils of New Jersey, Part 2: New Jersey Bur. Geology and 

Topography Bull. 61 [pt. 2], p. 197-198. 

Say, Thomas, 1820, Observations on some species of zoophytes, shells, 

etc., principally fossil: Am. Jour. Sci., lst ser., v. 2, p. 34-45. 

SchlUter, Clemens, 1871-72, 1876, Cephalopoden der oberen deutschen 

Kreide: Palaeontographica, 1871-72, v. 21, p. l-120, pls. 1-35; 

1876, v. 24, p. 121-264, pls. 36-55. 

Shumard, B. F., 1861, Descriptions of new Cretaceous fossils from Texas: 

Boston Soc. Nat. History Proc., v. 8, p. 188-205. 

Sintzov, I. F., 188!( Carte geologique generate de ia Russie: St. Petersburg, 

Comite Geol. Mem., v. 7, no. 1, 132 p., 2 pls. 

Soares, A. F., 1958, Sobre alguns f6sseis da regHio de entre Lobito e 

Catumbela (Angola): Coimbra Univ. Mus. e Lab. Min. e Geol., Mem. 

e Noticias 46, p. 11-22, 5 pls. [1959]. 

Sornay, Jacques, 1951, Ammonites aibiennes et senoniennes de I' Angola et 

de I' Afrique equatoriale fran<saise: Rev. Zool. et Bot. Africaines, v. 44, 

pt. 3, p. 271-276, p1s. 2-4. 

Spath, L. F., 1921, On Cretaceous Cephalopoda from Zululand: South 

African Mus. Annals, v. 12, pt. 7, no. 16, p. 217-321, pls. 19-26. 

___ 1951, Preliminary notice on some Upper Cretaceous ammonite 

faunas from Angola: Portugal Servi($OS Geol. Comun., v. 32, p. 

123-130. 

Stephenson, L. W., 1923, Cretaceous formations of North Carolina; Part 

1, Invertebrate fossils of the Upper Cretaceous formations: North 

Carolina Geol. and ECon. Survey, v. 5, pt. 1, 604 p., 102 pls. 

___ 1928, Correlation of the Upper Cretaceous or Gulf series of the Gulf 

Coastal Plain: Am. Jour. Sci., 5th ser., v. 16, no. 96, p. 485-496. 

___ 1933, The zone of Exogyra cancellata traced 2,500 miles: Am. 

Assoc. Petroleum Geologists Bull., v. 17, no. 11, p. 1351-1361. 

___ 1941, The larger invertebrate fossils of the Navarro group of Texas: 

Texas Univ. Bull. 4101, 641 p., 95 pls. 

Stephenson, L. W., King, P. B., Monroe, W. H., and Imlay, R. W., 1942, 

Correlations of the outcropping Cretaceous formations of the Atlantic 

and Gulf Coastal Plain and Trans-Pecos: Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 

53, no. 3, p. 435-448, chart. 

__ -_Taubenbaus, Haim, 1920, Die Ammoneen der Kreideformation 

Palastinas und Syriens: Deutschen Palastina-Vereins Zeitschr., v. 43, 

p. l-58, pls. l-9. 

Tuomey, Michael, 1854, Description of some new fossils from the 

Cretaceous rocks of the Southern States: Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 

Proc., v. 7, no. 5, p. 167-172. 

Weller, Stuart, 1907, A report on the Cretaceous paleontology of New 

Jersey, based upon the stratigraphic studies of George N. Knapp: New 

Jersey Geol. Survey Paleont. Ser., v. 4, 1,106 p., Ill pis. . 

White, C. A., 1877, Report upon the invertebrate fossils collected in 

portions of Nevada, Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona, by 

parties of the expeditions of 1871, 1872, 1873, and 1874: U.S. Geog. 

and Geol. Expl. Surveys W. lOOth Mer. Rept. (Wheeler), v. 4, pt. I, 

219 p., 21 pls. 

Whitfield, R. P., 1892, Gasteropoda and Cephalopoda of the Raritan Clays 

and Greensand Marls of New Jersey: U.S. Geol. Survey Mon. 18,402 

p., 50 pls. 

Wiedmann, Jost, 1962, Ammoniten aus der vascogotischen Kreide 

(N ordspanien); pt. 1, Phylloceratina, Lytoceratina: 

Palaeontographica, v. 11R nt \, p. 119-237, pis. 8-14. 
A 

Page 

aberrans. Nostoceras -------------------- 8,' 10 

Acanthoscaphites tridens quadrispinosa ---------- 18 

Age, Navesink Formation -------------------- 2 

alternatum, Nostoceras -------------------- 14 

alternatus. Ammonites --------------------- 14 

americana, Belemnitella --------------------- 2 

Ammonite occurrence, Navesink Formati~n -------- I 

Ammonites alternatus --------------------- 14 

constrictus -------------------------- 16 neubergicus ___________ ..:. _____________ 18 

Ancyloceras jenneyi ----------------------- 14 

nebrascensis ------------------------- 16 

angolanum. Axonoceras ------------- 2, 14; pl. 10 . 

arkansam1s, Parapachydiscus ( Pachydiscus) -------- 9 

as per. Baculites -----------'--------- I, 5, 6, 7 

'Axonoceras ----------·------------------ 14 

angolanum ------------------ 2, 14; pl. 10 

compressum ------------------------- 14 

B 

Baculites ------------------------------- 3 

asper ------------------------ I, 5, 6, 7 

claviformis ------------ 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; pl. 3 

clinolobatus ----------------------5; pl. 2 compressus ------------------------ I, .S 

cuneatus --------------------------- 16 

e/iasi ------------------------------ 5 

grondis ---------------------------4,6 

gregoryensis -------------------------- 5 

haresi ------------------------------ 4 

o~w ------------------------------3 ovaws -----------'· 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; pis. I, 2, 3 

1mdatus ------------------- 5, 9, 10, II, 16 

vertebra/is --------------------------- 3 

sp --------------------------------6 Baculitidae ----------------------------- 3 

Belemnitella americana --------------------- 2 

c 

cancellaw. Exogyra ----------~------------- 2 

chargense, Libycoceras ---------------------- 2 

Cirroceras ----------------------------- 16 

c/aviformis. Bacu/ites --------- 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; pl. 3 

clinolobatus. Baculites ------------------5; pl. 2 

colubriformis. Nostoceras -------------------- 8 

compressum. Axonoceras ------------------- 14 

compre.fsus. 8aC111ites -------•------------ I, 5 

conradi, Heteroceras -------------------- I, 10 constricllls, Hoploscaphites ________________ 16, 17 

costa/a, Exogyra -------------------------- 2 

crassum, Nos/oceras --------------------- 8, 9 

cuneatus, Baculites ----------------------- 16 

D 

Didymoceras --------------------------- 16 

navarroense ----------- 2, 8, 10, II, 16; pl. II 

pa11per ---------------------------- 12 

sp -------------------------------.16 

sp. nov ---------------------------- II 

( Didymoceras) navarroense, He/icoceras ---------- 9 

dracone, Nostoceras ----------------------- 3 

droconis. Nostoceras ----------------------- 8 

E, G 

eliasi, Bac111ites -------------------------- 5 

Exiteloce;as --------------------------'', 14 

oronense ------------------------- 2, 15 

INDEX 

[Italic page numbers indicate major 'references)' 

Page 

Exogyra cancellata ------------------------ 2 · 

costata ----------------------------- 2 

gibbus, Hoploscaphites --------------------- 17 

·grandis, Baculites ----------------------- 4, 6 

gregoryensis, Baculites ---------------------- 5 

H 

Hamites vancouverensis -------------------- II 

haresi, Baculites -----------·--------------- 4 

helicinum, Nostoceras _ 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, II, 12, 16; pl. 4 helicinus. Turrilites _________ .:.. ______________ 8 

Helicoceras navarroense -------------------- 16 

schloenbachi ------------------------ 14 

( Didymoceras) navarroense ---------------- 9 

sp --------------~-----------------8 Heteroceras conradi -------------------- I, 10 

hippocrepis. Scaphites --------------------- 18 

Hoploscaphites --------------------- 16; pl. II 

constrictus -------------------------- 17 

gibbus ---------------------------- 17 

nodosus --------------------------- 18 

pumilus -------------------- 2, 16; pl. II 

rugosus ---------------------------- 18 

sp ----------------------------- 2, 18 

h~mile, Nostoceras ------------------------ 8 

hyalli, Nostoceras ------ I, 2, 3, 8, ':1, tO, II, 12, 16; 

pis. 5, 6, 7_. 8 

mura(icyensis, Nostoceras ---------------- ·12 

I, J, L, M 

ldiohamites oronensis --------------------- 15 

jenneyi, Ancyloceras __ ..:. ___________________ 14 

Libycoceras ----------------------------- 2 chargense ___ :._ _______________________ 2 

mendryki. Nostoceras ------------ 2, 3, 14; pl. 10 

mitraikyensis, Nostoceras hyatti ____________ ..:, __ 12 

multocostatum, Solenoceras ------------------ 9 

N 

navarroense, Didymoceras ____ 2, 8, 10, II, 16; pl. II 

He/icoceras ------------------------- 16 

( Didym'oceras) --------------------- 9 

Navesink Formation, age -------------------- 2 

ammonite occurrence -------------------- I 

nebrascensis. Ancyloceras ------------------- 16 

neubergicus, Ammonites -------------------- 18 

Pachydiscus ----------------------- 3, 18 

nodosus. Hoploscaphites ------'-------------- 18 Scaphites __________________ _:. _______ 18 

Nostoceras ___ -------------------------- 8 

aberrans ------------------------- 8, 10 

alternatum -------------------------- 14 

colubriformis ------------------------- 8 

crassum -------------------------- 8, 9 

dracone ---------------------------- 3 

draconis ---------------------------- 8 

helicinum ------ 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, II, 12, 16; pl. 4 

humile ----------------------------- 8 

hyalli ----------1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10. II, 12, 16; 

pis. 5, 6, 7, 8 

mitraikyensis --------------------- 12 mendryki _______________ 2, 3, 13, 14; pl. 10 

pauper -------------------- I, 2, 12; pl. 9 

prematurum ----------------------- 8, 10 

retrorsum --------------------------- 8 

schloenbachi ---------------------- 3, 14 

stantoni ---------------2, 8, 9, 10, 12; pl. 9 

Page 

Nostoceras - Continued 

vistulae ----------------------------- 3 

sp ------------------------------- 10 

( Nostoceras) splendidus, Turri lites -------------- 9 

Nostoceratidae --------------------------- 8 

0 

oronense, Exiteloceras ------------------- 2, 15 

oronensis, ldiohamites --------------------- 15 

ovata, Bacu/ites --------------------------· 3 

ovatus, Bacu/ites ________ I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; pis. I, 2, 3 

p 

Pachydiscidae --------------------------- 18 

Pachydif_cus_ ----------------------------- 18 

neubergicus ·----------------------- 3, 18 · sp __ ..:. _____________________ 2, is; pl. II 

(Pachydiscus) arkansanus, Parapachydiscus --------9 

Parapachydiscus (Pachydiscus) arkansanus ---------9 pauper, Didymoceras --------------'-------- 12 · 

Nostoceras ----------------- I, 2, 12; pl. 9 

Turrilites ------------------------- I, 12 

prematurum, Nostoceras ----------------- 8, 10 

pumilus, Hoploscaphites ------------- 2, 16; pl. II 

Scaphites ----------------------9, 16, 17 

Q, R 

quadrispinosa, Acanthoscaphites tridens ---------- 18 

reesidei, Solenoceras ---------------------- 10 

retrorsum. Nostoceras ---------------------- 8 

rugosus, Hoploscaphites -------------------- 18 

Scaphites --------------------------- 9 

s 

saundersorum, Turri/ites --------------------- 8 

Scaphites ----------------------------- 16 

hippocrepis ------------------------- 18 

nodosus --------------------------- 18 pumilus ________________ _: ______ 9, 16, 17 

·rugosus ----------------------------- 9 

Scaphitidae ---------------------------- 16 

schloenbachi, Helicoceras ------------------- 14 

Nosloceras ----------------------- 3, 14 

Sphenodiscus ---------------------------- 2 

Solenoceras multicostatum ------------------- 9 

reesidei --------------------------10, 16 

texanum -----------------------9, 10, 16 

splendidus, Turrilites ----------------------- 8 

Turrilites ( Nostoceras) ------------------- 9 

stantoni, Nostoceras --------- 2, 8, 9, 10, 12; pl. 9 

T 

texanum, Solenoceras ------------------- 9, 10 

tridens quadrispinosa, Acanthoscaphites ---------- 18 

Turrilites helicinus -------------·----------- 8 

pauper -------------------------- I, 12 

peruvianus --------------------------- 8 saundersorum __________ .:. ______________ 8 

splendidus --------------------------- 8 

( Nostoceras) splendidus ------------------ 9 

u, v 

undatus, Bacu/ites --------------- 5, 9, 10, II, 16 

vancouverensis, Hamites -------------------- 11 

vertebra/is, Baculites ----------------------- 3 

vistulae, Nostoceras ------------------------ 3 

21 
PLATES 1-11 

[Contact photographs of the plates in this report are available, at cost, from the U.S. Geological Survey Photographic Library, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225] 
PLATE 1 

[All figures natural size] 

FIGURES 1-32. Baculites ovatus Say (p. 3). 

From the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J. 

1-3. Ventral, lateral,. and end views of part of a juvenile body chamber showing curvature. Hypotype USNM. 

182443. . . . . 

4-7. End, dorsal, lateral, and ventral views of a smooth septate juvenile. Hypotype USNM 182444. 

8-11. Ventral, lateral, dorsal, .and end views of a septate fragment of a juvenile that has unusually strong ribbing. Hypotype USNM 182445. 

12-14. End, lateral, and ventral views of a smooth septate fragment showing considerable taper. Hypotype 

USNM 182446. 

15-18. Dorsal, lateral, ventral, and end views of most of a small body chamber that has unusually strong ribbing. Hypotype USNM 182447. 

19, 22-24. End, ventral, lateral, and dorsal views of a young septate specimen showing rise of ribbing. 

Hypotype USNM 182448. 

20, 25, 26. End, lateral, and ventral views of a septate specimen that has a suture characterized by a narrowing 

at the base of the terminal branches of the lateral lobe. See text-figure 4B, for the suture. Hypo type USN M 

'182449. 

21, 27-29. End, ventral, lateral, and dorsal views of a septate fragment that has a slender cross section, smooth 

flanks, and weak ventral ribs. Hypotype USNM 182450. 

30-32. End, lateral, and ventral views of a septate specimen that has unusually wide spaced low flank swellings. 

Hypotype USNM 182451. 
PROFESSIONAL PAPER 845 PLATE 1 

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

3 

4 

2 5 

6 7 9 

8 10 

18 

19 

13 14 

12 

15 16 

22 

20 21 

23 24 25 26 

BACULJTES OVATUS 
PLATE 2 

[All figures natural size] 

, FIGURES 1-14. Baculites ovatus Say (p. 3). 

From the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J. 

I :_4. Ventrai, lateral, dorsal, and end views of a young adult showing a rather abrupt rise in the flank ribbing. 

Hypotype USNM 182452. 

5-7. End, ventral, and lateral views of part of an adult body chamber that has a dorsolateral depression like that 

of B. clinolobatus Elias. Hypotype USNM 182453. 

8, 9. Lateral and end views of a septate fragment typical of the species. Hypotype USNM 182454. 

10-12. End, ventral, and lateral views of a septate fragment of an adult that has a dorsolateral depression 

similar to that of the specimen shown in figures 5-7. Hypotype USNM 182455. 

13, 14. Lateral and ventral views of most of an adult body chamber showing the shape of the aperture. Hypotype 

USNM 182456. 
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

PROFESSIONAL PAPER 845 PLATE 2 

... « 

.. , . 

4 

- . -~ i~- ".1' . '"· ..... . ...;. -, 

!. : .. ; 

> 

J, . ~.,.,···.·. 

':: 

~ . ' ,, ' .. ~ 

j. ,, 

... • .,, ~ . 6 7 

5 

.. , 

3 

2 

8 9 

11 

BACUL!TES OVATUS 
PLATE 3 

[All figures natural size] 

FIGURES 1-6, 9-11. Baculites ovatus Say (p. 3). 

From the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J. 

1-3. Ventral, lateral, and dorsal views of a juvenile showing curvature. Hypotype USNM 182457. 

4, 5. Lateral and end views of a septate fragment showing a suture that has a lateral lobe similar to that of 

D. scotti Cobban. See text-figure 4C for the suture. Hypotype u·SNM 182458. 

6, 9-11. End, lateral, ventral, and dorsal views of an unusually strong ribbed young adult. Private collection of Harold Mendryk and Christopher Laskowich. 

7, 8, 12-14. Baculites claviformis Stephenson (p. 5). 

From the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J. 

7, 12, 13, End, dorsal, and lateral views of a large septate fragment. Hypotype USNM 182460. 

8, 14, End and lateral views of a smaller septate specimen. Hypotype USNM 182461. 
PROFESSIONAL PAPER B45 PLATE 3 

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

, 6 

:~ 

5 

~ 

4 ' ,.-

>!-

2 3 

11 

10 

8 

7 

BACULITES OVATUS AND BACULITES CLA VJFORMIS 
PLATE 4 

[All figures· natural size] 

FIGURES I-21. Nostoceras helicinum (Shumard) (p. 8). 

' From the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J. Arrows indicate the base of body 

chambers. 

I-4. Four views of a small nearly complete adult. Hypotype USNM I82462. 

5-7. Three views of a nearly complete body chamber that has a constriction bordered by high ribs neiu the aperture. Hypotype USNM I82463. 

8-10. Part of a small adult showing alternate arrangement of tubercles on the older part of the body chamber. 

Hypotype USNM I82466. 

II. Last part of the septate spire of a specimen and basal part of the body chamber. Hypotype USN M I82464. 

I2-I4. Three views of the last part of a very large septate whorl showing the impressed area. See text-figure 6 

for the suture. Hypotype USNM 182465. 

I5-I7. Part of the living chamber of a small specimen showing tubercles connected by looped ribs as well as 

alternate ribs. Hypotype USNM I82467. 

I8-21. Four views of a nearly complete body chamber .. Hypotype USNM I82468. 
GEOLOGICAL SURV'EY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 845 PLATE 4 

2 3 4 

10 

13 

14 

NOSTOCERAS HELICJNUM 
PLATE 5 

[All ligures natural size) 

fiGURES 1-21. Nostoceras hyatti Stephenson (p. 10). 

From the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J. Arrows indicate the base of body 

chambers. 

1, 2. Part of the smallest body chamber in the Mendryk collection. Hypotype USNM 182469. 

3-5. Part of another small adult that had a short body chamber. Hypotype USNM 182470. 

6, 7. Most of a sparsely ribbed body chamber. Hypotype USNM 182471. 

8-10. Part of a body chamber that has sharp ribs and tubercles. Hypotype USNM 182472. 

11-13. Three views of a small adult that had an unusually short body. chamber. Private collection of John 

Brzostoski. 

14-16. Body chamber of a sharp-ribbed adult that never developed tubercles. Hypotype USNM 182473. 

17, 18. Nearly complete body chamber of an adult of average size. Hypotype USNM 182474. 

19-21. Three views of a body chamber and the adjoining complete septate whorl. Hypotype USNM 182475. 
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 845 PLATE 5 

2 3 4 5 

7 

8 11 12 

14 15 18 

NOSTOCERAS HY A TTl 
PLATE. 6 

[All figures naturJII size) 

FIGURES l-12. Nostoceras hyatti Stephenson (p. 10). 

From the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J. Arrows indicate base of body 

chambers. 

l-4. Four views of the hook of a moderately large specimen. Hypotype USNM 182476. 

5-8. Complete body chamber and part of the adjoining septate whorl of a specimen showing a conspicuous constriction. Hypotype USNM 182477. 

9-ll. Three views of a body chamber and some of the adjoining septate part of a large adult. Hypotype USNM 

182478. 

12. Older part of an unusually lengthy body chamber. Hypotype USNM 182526. 
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 845 PLATE 6 

4 

6 

5 8 

NOSTOCERAS HYATT! 
PLATE 7 

[All figures natural size] 

fiGURES 1-10. Nostoceras hyatti Stephenson (p. 10). 

From the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J. Arrows indicate base of body 

chambers. 

1-3. Three views of part of a very sparsely ribbed body chamber. Hypotype USNM 182479. 

4, 5. Lateral and ventral views of a specimen with more than average rib number. See text-figure 8 for the 

suture. Hypotype USNM 182480. 

6, 7. Views of a large adult with an unusually long body chamber extending into the impressed area. Hypotype 

USNM 182481. 

8-10. Three views of a sparsely ribbed large adult that has a body chamber of average length. Hypotype USNM 

182482. 
GEOLOGICAL St;RVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 845 PLATE 7 

2 

3 

5 

6 7 

NOSTOCERAS HY ATTI 
PLATE 8 

[All figures natural size] 

FIGURES 1-30. Nostoceras hyatti Stephenson (p. 10). 

From the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J. 

l, 2. Top and lateral views of part of a whorl showing the impressed area and change in tubercles from flat to 

pointed. Hypotype USNM 182483. 

3-5. Lateral, top, and bottom views of a larger whorl that has flat tubercles and two constrictions. Hypo type 

USNM 182484. 

6, 7. Lateral and top views of the smallest spire in the Mendryk collection. Several constrictions are visible. 

Hypotype USNM 182485. 

8, 9. Lateral and bottom views of part of a whorl showing widely spaced sutures. Hypotype USNM 182486. 

10, II. Lateral and top views of part of a spire. Arrow points to change from round ribs and flat tubercles to 

sharp ribs and pointed tubercles. Hypotype USNM 182487. 

12. Lateral _view of two whorls showing the abrupt rise of pointed tubercles in the middle of the larger whorl 

Hypotype USNM 182488. 

13. 14. Top and Iaateral views of a complete whorl that has flat tubercles and round ribs. Hypotype USNM 

182489. 

15, 16. Top and lateral views of another whorl that has blunt ribs and tubercles. Hypotype USNM 182490. 

17-19. Three views of two whorls. Arrow points to change from blunt ribs and tubercles to sharp ribs and 

tubercles. Hypotype USNM 182491. 

20, 21. Top and lateral views of a large whorl that has blunt ribs and tubercles and wide constrictions. Hypotype 

USNM 182492. 

22, 23. Bottom and lateral views of part of a large spire that has blunt ribs and tubercles. Hypotype USNM 

182493. 

24, 25. Top and lateral views of parts of two sparsely ribbed whorls that have flat-topped tubercles. Hypotype 

USNM 182494. . 

26, 27. Top and lateral views of part of a large whorl that has flat-topped ribs. Hypotype USNM 182495. 

28-30. Two lateral views and a top view of a specimen consisting of part of the spire and part of the uncoiled 

whorl. Arrow points to the change from blunt ribs and tubercles to sharp ribs and pointed tubercles. 

Hypotype USNM 182496. 
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 845 PLATE 8 

2 

6 

4 5 

7 

8 

9 

11 

13 

18 

20 

NOSTOCERAS HY ATTI 
PLATE 9 

[All figures natural size) 

FIGURES 1-22. Nostoceras pauper (Whitfield) (p. 12). 

All but figure II are from the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J. 

1-3. Bottom, top, and lateral views of the smallest whorl in the Mendryk collection. Hypotype USNM 182497. 

4-6. Top, bottom, and lateral views of a slightly larger whorl. Hypotype USNM 182498. 

7-10. Three lateral views and a top view of part of a well-preserved spire showing flat-topped tubercles and conspicuous constrictions. See text-figure 10 for the suture. Hypotype USNM 182499 .. 

11. Plaster cast of a specimen showing slight uncoiling of the last whorl. Locality unknown other than New 

Jersey. 

12-14. Two lateral views and a bottom view of a spire of three whorls showing pointed tubercles on the largest 

whorl) flat-topped tubercles on the other whorls, and conspicuous constrictions. Hypotype USNM 182500. 

15, 16. Top and lateral views of part of a small, densely ribbed whorl that lacks tubercles. Hypotype USNM 

182501. 

17, 18. Lateral and top views of two whorls of a large specimen that has unusually large tubercles. Hypotype 

USNM 182502. 

19-22. Four views of a large specimen showing the deeply impressed area. Private collection of John Brzostoski. 

23-31. Nostoceras cf. N. stan toni Hyatt (j>. 12). 

From the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J. 

23-25. Lateral, top, and bottom views of part of a septate whorl. Figured specimen USNM 182503. 

26-28. Top, lateral, and bottom views of a complete whorl. Figured specimen USNM 18~504. 

29-31. Lateral, bottom, and top views of part of a larger whorl. See text-figure 9 for the suture. Figured 

specimen USNM 182505. 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --- --- ---

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PLATE 9 

3 

2 4 5 

10 

11 

15 16 

18 

17 

12 13 

14 

21 22 

23 

24 25 26 

NOSTOCERAS PAUPER AND NOSTOCERAS CF. N. STANTON! 
PLATE 10 

[All figures natural size) 

FIGURES 1-17. Nostoceras mendryki Cobban, n. sp. (p. 13). 

1-3. Top, lateral, and bottom views of the smallest specimen at hand. Navesink Formation near Ramanessin 

Brook 1 '12 miles northeast of Holmdel, Monmouth County, N.J. Paratype USNM 182509. 

4, 5. Top and lateral views of a small whorl that has sharp tubercles. Basal part of the Navesink Formation at 

Atlantic Highlands. Paratype USNM 182508. 

6-8. Lateral, bottom, and top views of the holotype from Atlantic Highlands. See text-figure II for the suture. 

USNM 182507. 

9-11. Bottom, lateral,_ and top views of part of a whorl from Atlantic Highlands just beginning to show its 

retroversal coiling. A little of the impressed area is visible in figure 11. Paratype USNM 182510. 

12-14. Top, bottom, and lateral views of part of a whorl from Atlantic Highlands that has sharp ribs and 

pointed tubercles. P~uatype USNM 182511. 

15-17. Lateral, bottom, and top views of most of a body chamber from the Navesink Formation near 

Ramanessin Brook 1 '12 miles northeast of Holmdel, N.J. Para type USNM 182512. 

18-21. Axonoceras cf. A. ango/anum Haas (p. 14). 

Four views of a nonseptate fragment from the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J. 

Figured specimen USNM 182513. 

22-35. Exite/oceras oronense (Lewy) (p. 15). 1 

From the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J. 

22-24. Lateral, side, and ventral views of a septate fragment. See text-figure 12A for the suture. Hypotype 

USNM 182514. 

25-28. End, ventral, lateral, and dorsal views of a larger septate fragment. See text-figure 12B for the suture. 

Hypotype USNM 182515. 

29-32. Ventral, lateral, dorsal, and end views of the largest specimen at hand. Hypotype USNM 182516. 

33-35. Ventral, end, and lateral views of a septate specimen that has tubercles on every rib. Yale Peabody Mus. 

68. 
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 845 PLATE 10 

2 3 

7 8 

9 11 

12 13 

14 

i 

16 17 

18 19 20 21 

22 

23 24 26 27 28 

25 

34 

33 

NOSTOCERAS MENDRYKI, AXONOCERAS CF. A . ANCOLANUM, AND EXITELOCERAS ORONENSE 
PLATE 11 

[All specimens, shown on this pl_ate are natural size from the basal part of the Navesink Formation at Atlantic Highlands, N.J.) 

FIGURES 1-4. Didymoceras navarroense (Shumard) (p. 16). 

l, 2, Side and top views of a septate fragment. Hypotype USNM 182517. 

3, 4. Top and side views of a slightly larger septate fragment. See text-figure 13 for the suture. Hypotype 

USNM 182527. 

5-8. Pachydiscus sp. (p. 18). 

5, 6. Side and end views of a septate fragment. Figured specimen USNM 182518. 

7, 8. Rear and side views of a larger septate fragment. See text-figure 15 for the suture. Figured specimen 

USNM 182519: 

9-12. Hoploscaphites pumilus (Stephenson) (p. 16). 

9, 10. Side and top views of part of a body chamber interpreted as a male. Hypotype USNM 182520. 

11, 12. Rear and side views of a complete body chamber interpreted as a female. Hypotype USNM 182521. 

13-19. Hoploscaphites sp. (p. 18). . 

13, 24. Side and rear views of a septate fragment that has closely spaced tubercles. Figured specimen USNM 

182522. 

15, 16. Rear and side views of part of a large stout septate whorl. See text-figure 14 for the suture. Figured 

specimen USNM 182523. 

17, 18, Side and front views of another large stout specimen. Figured specimen USNM 182524. 

19. Fragment of a large body chamber. Figured specimen USNM 182525. 

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1974 0-537-783 
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 845 PLATE 11 

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DJDYMOCERAS NAVARROENSE, PACHYDISCUS SP. , HOPLOSCAPHITES PUMILUS, AND HOPLOSCAPHJTES SP.