CAPCOA 

Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Program 

Prepared by the 

Toxics Committee of the 

California Air Pollution 

Control Officers 

Association (CAPCOA) 

September 1996 

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Auto Bodyshop 

lndustrywide 

Risk 

Assessment 

Guidelines 
California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA) 

Auto Bodyshop Industrywide Risk Assessment Guidelines 

Prepared by the Toxics Committee of the California Air Pollution Control Officers Association 

Approved by 

The Board 

of the 

California Air Pollution Control Officers Association 

on 

September 26, 1996 

I 
Auto Bodyshop Task Force 

Ray Asregadoo 

Richard Bode 

Janette Brooks 

Jim Collins 

David Craft 

Randy Frazier 

Greg Harris 

Susan Kaiser 

Janis Lackey 

Carolyn Lozo 

Joe Petrini 

Cliff Popejoy 

Tom Roemer, Chairman 

Debbie Ryan 

Tony Servin 

Terri Thomas 

Mark Watkins 

Dodie Weiner 

September 1996 

California Air Resources Board 

California Air Resources Board 

California Air Resources Board 

Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment 

Monterey Bay Unified APCD 

Bay Area AQMD 

California Air Resources Board 

California Air Resources Board 

California Air Resources Board 

California Air Resources Board 

Santa Barbara County APCD 

California Air Resources Board 

San Luis Obispo County APCD 

San Diego County APCD 

California Air Resources Board 

Ventura County APCD 

California Air Resources Board 

California Air Resources Board 

I 
1.0 

1.1 

1.2 

1.3 

1.4 

1.5 

1.6 

1.7 

1.8 

2.0 

2.1 

2.2 

2.3 

3.0 

4.0 

4.1 

4.2 

4.3 

4.4 

4.4.1 

4.4.2 

4.4.3 

4.4.4 

4.4.5 

4.4.6 

4.4.7 

4.4.8 

5.0 

6.0 

6.1 

6.2 

6.3 

6.4 

6.5 

6.5.1 

6.5.2 

6.6 

6.6.1 

6.6.2 

6.6.3 

6.7 

6.8 

7.0 

AB 2588 

INDUSTRYWIDE AIR TOXICS EMISSION INVENTORY AND 

HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT FOR 

AUTOMOTIVE SURFACE COATING 

Executive Summary 

Approach 

Coating Composition 

Coating Consumption 

Coating Profiles 

Application Method 

Air Pollution Controls 

Dispersion Modeling 

Use of Guidelines 

Introduction 

Table of Contents 

The Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Program 

Document Preparation 

Limits and Scope of Guidelines 

Description of Industry 

Emission Estimation 

Emitted Compounds and Generic Formulations 

Resources for Developing a List of Bodyshops 

The Bodyshop Survey Form 

Emission Calculations 

VOC Calculations 

Particulate Emission Calculations 

Transfer Efficiency 

Capture Efficiency 

Fall Out Fraction 

Booth Control Efficiency 

Fractional Portion of Toxic Compound 

Transmitting Inventory Data to CARB 

Facility Prioritization 

"Scoping" Health Risk Assessment 

Hazard Identification 

Dose-Response Assessment 

Exposure Assessment 

Risk Characterization 

"Scoping" Level Release Scenarios and Dispersion Modeling 

Dispersion Modeling Results 

Comparative Dispersion Modeling and Implications for Risk Reduction 

"Scoping" Level Risk Assessment Methodology 

Cancer Risk Calculation 

Chronic Noncancer Risk Calculation 

Acute Noncancer Risk Calculation 

Sample Applications 

Refined Health Risk Assessment and Special Applications 

References 

September 1996 

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List of Tables 

Table 1 - Transfer Efficiencies for Coating Applications 

Table 2 - Control Efficiencies for Coating Applications 

Table 3 - Toxic Metals in Pigments 

Table 4 - Description of Generic Modeling Source Categories 

Table 5 - Maximum Calculated Dispersion Factors 

Table 6 - Carcinogenic Risk Worksheet 

Table 7 - Non-Cancer Chronic Health Hazard Index Worksheet 

Table 8 - Non-Cancer Acute Health Hazard Index Worksheet 

Table 9- Summary Maximum Results of Generic Risk Assessment for a 

Generic Auto Bodyshop 

Appendix A 

Appendix B 

Appendix C 

Appendix D 

Appendix E 

Appendix F 

Appendix G 

Appendix H 

Appendix I 

Appendix 1 

Appendix K 

Appendix L 

September 

Appendices 

- Glossary and Acronyms 

- Flowchart 

- List of Compounds Addressed in Health Risk Assessment 

With Toxicity Values 

- CARB Manufacturers Survey 

- Estimation of Generic Automotive Formulations 

- Bodyshop Survey Form 

- Fall Out Fraction 

- Data Submittal to CARB 

- Prioritization Procedures 

- Dispersion Model Inputs and Results 

- Detailed Results of Sample Risk Assessment 

- Scoping Assessment "Cookbook" for Districts 

1996 

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1.0 Executive Summary 

1.1 Approach 

Auto bodyshops (bodyshops) are subject to reporting under the Air Toxics "Hot Spots" 

Information and Assessment Act of 1987. Bodyshops are considered industrywide 

sources which requires that air districts prepare the toxics emissions inventory and 

health risk assessment, as needed. 

Auto bodyshops differ from other industrywide categories like gas stations and 

drycleaners because the emissions are more complex and variable. However, release 

parameters for the most part can be effectively modeled. 

The industrywide inventory and health risk assessment guideline addresses toxic 

emissions from coating applications and associated processes. Emissions from 

activities such as body repair work were assumed to be negligible. Emissions estimates 

and impacts from auto bodyshops are a function of: 

coating composition 

coating consumption 

coating profiles 

application method 

air pollution controls 

dispersion modeling 

1.2 Coating Composition 

Coatings have two basic parts: solids, to coat the vehicle; and solvents, to carry the 

solids. 

Both solids and solvents content may vary with: 

Coating type (primer, topcoat, etc.), 

Coating manufacturers, 

Color (Some colors contain more toxic metals). 

1.3 Coating Consumption 

The guidelines address the consumption rate of coatings and solvents for individual 

shops by providing a model survey form to be sent to bodyshops. The survey requests 

information about the consumption of various coating products and solvents as a 

September 1996 

I 
function of manufacturer. Additional data about application methods, booths and 

filters, and stack parameters are requested for emission calculations and modeling. 

1.4 Coating Profiles 

To reduce the effort required to collect individual toxic emissions inventories, CARB 

surveyed coating manufacturers on the generic composition of their products according 

to product type (primer, topcoat, etc.). The survey requested sales volume percent of 

products in California. The results were used to develop "generic" coating profiles, 

which are sales weighted average compositions by product type for each manufacturer. 

Using throughput data for each type of product consumed in an individual bodyshop, 

an estimate of the toxic emissions can be developed. 

Use of the generic profiles will overestimate emissions from some shops and 

underestimate others for the survey year. However, emissions from bodyshops can 

vary from year to year, so the method outlined in the guidelines should result in a 

reasonable estimate of average emissions over time. 

1.5 Application Method 

The application method of a coating affects the transfer efficiency and the resulting 

emissions of solids. All solvent was assumed to be emitted. The type of spray gun 

influences the transfer efficiency. Since coating solids may contain highly toxic 

compounds, such as hexavalent chromium, assumptions concerning transfer efficiency 

and fall out fraction can be critical to health risk assessment results. Data from the 

U.S. EPA and a recent study on aerospace coating application efficiency were used to 

develop recommended transfer efficiency and fall out fraction values for the 

assessment. 

1.6 Air Pollution Controls 

Most auto body coating is done in spray booths with filtration systems to control the 

emissions of solids. The industrywide assessment includes recommended values for 

efficiencies of commonly used spray booth filters. Painting cars without a spray booth 

and filters may result in high solids emissions and potentially significant health impacts. 

1. 7 Dispersion Modeling 

Dispersion modeling was addressed for three basic release types: 

Unobstructed stack, 

Stack with a rain cap or similar vertical obstruction, 

Fugitive - Painting with no booth or dedicated exhaust system 

September 1996 2 

I 
Within these basic release types, several combinations of representative stack 

parameters (height, diameter, flow rate) were modeled. Building downwash was 

considered. Several sets of meteorological data were used in the dispersion modeling, 

including screening data and actual meteorological data from two different locations 

(San Diego- coastal and inland). 

The guidelines include dispersion modeling results in the form of tables and graphs of 

relative dispersion (X/Q) for each release scenario and each meteorological data set 

examined at various distances from the facility. These tables can be used to estimate 

the toxic impact from a facility. 

1.8 Use of Guidelines 

The guidelines provide a mechanism and procedure to survey local auto bodyshops and 

develop a toxic emissions inventory based simply on coating and solvent throughput. 

Using the decision tree procedures contained within the guideline, a priority score and 

an estimate of the health risk can be determined, if needed. If the screening risk 

assessment indicates that the source may pose a significant health risk, the guidelines 

suggest that a refined risk assessment using site specific release data, meteorological 

data, and emissions information be performed. 

The guidelines include an example inventory and health risk assessment and blank 

forms that can be used as a format for performing an industrywide assessment. 

2.0 Introduction 

2.1 The Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Program 

The Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Information and Assessment Act of 1987 (Act, AB 2588) 

was adopted by the California Legislature in response to public concern about airborne 

releases of toxic chemicals. AB 2588 was enacted to gather information and assess the 

effects of routine or predictable toxic air emissions on public health. Facility owners 

subject to the Act must produce a comprehensive inventory of routine releases from a 

list of hundreds of toxic compounds. Based on the inventory results, some facility 

owners are required to perform health risk assessments that evaluate the toxic impact 

these emissions might have on the health of people who live or work around the 

facility. Under AB 2588, the public is required to be notified of significant health risks 

resulting from emissions from nearby facilities. AB 2588 was amended in 1993 by SB 

1731, Facility Toxic Air Contaminant Risk Reduction Audit and Plan, to require that 

significant health risks discovered through the program be reduced. 

September 1996 3 
Under specified circumstances, state law requires local air districts to prepare toxic 

emissions inventories and health risk assessments for certain classes of businesses. 

These classes of businesses are referred to as "industrywide" facilities. 

Industrywide inventories are required if: (1) a class of similar facilities (as determined 

by their SIC code) subject to AB 2588 is composed primarily of small businesses; (2) 

individual compliance would impose a severe financial hardship; and (3) emissions 

from the facilities can be easily and generically quantified. Auto bodyshops constitute 

such an industrywide group. 

2.2 Document Preparation 

This document was prepared by the Auto Bodyshop Task Force (ABTF) to assist local 

air districts in assessing emissions from auto bodyshops. The task force was formed at 

the direction of the CAPCOA Toxics Committee. The eighteen member ABTF was 

made up of representatives from six air districts, the California Air Resources Board 

(CARB), and the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA). The 

goal of the ABTF was to generate a set of guidelines to assist local air districts in 

developing generic toxic emissions inventories and health risk assessments for 

automotive coating operations. 

To this end, the ABTF met over a two year period to formalize a methodology for 

quantifying and assessing the impacts of toxic emissions from automotive coating 

operations. This document provides step by step procedures showing how to collect the 

necessary information from body shops, use this information to calculate a generic 

emissions inventory, develop a risk ranking or facility prioritization, and submit the 

results in an appropriate format to the CARB. 

These guidelines are not regulatory and are only advisory. Each District is responsible 

for its own compliance with the Act. 

2.3 Limits and Scope of Guidelines 

These guidelines only cover industrywide air toxic emissions inventories and health risk 

assessments for automotive and mobile equipment refinishing. This category includes 

automobile dealerships where body and paint work is performed, but it does not cover 

coating operations associated with automobile manufacturing. The assessment only 

covers coating and associated emissions. Operations such as sanding, fiberglassing, 

and use of body filler are not believed to be significant sources of air toxics emissions 

and are not included. 

Emissions of both solid and volatile toxics can be controlled using add-on control 

equipment. Organic emissions may be controlled by carbon adsorption or incineration. 

September 1996 4 

I 
Use of this type of control equipment is very rare in the automotive surface coating 

industry, and is not addressed. Facilities with add-on controls should be evaluated 

individually. Equipment, such as dry filters, that controls particulate emissions is 

commonly used and is addressed. 

The industrywide inventory and risk assessment described in this document consists of 

the following general steps: facility identification and surveying, generic emission 

quantification, determination of basic facility configuration, facility prioritization, 

dispersion modeling, health risk assessment, and submittal of inventory data to the 

CARB. Not all of these steps are necessary for all facilities. For example, a health 

risk assessment is not necessary for a facility that is not high priority. Likewise, a 

refined inventory and health risk assessment is not necessary if the scoping risk 

assessment indicates that the health risk from the facility is not "significant", as defined 

by the air District. Facilities which, as a result of this process, are identified as 

"significant risk facilities" may (at the discretion of the District) opt to perform a sitespecific risk assessment with more precise data related to their site. 

These Guidelines provide a brief overview of the automotive bodyshop industry and 

include a glossary of terms commonly used in risk assessment and the coating industry 

(see Appendix A). Appendix B provides a flow chart or decision tree for evaluating a 

source. The Guidelines follow the course of the flow chart and include examples to 

clarify how the emissions inventory is generated and how facility emissions are 

prioritized, assigned a risk, and reported to the CARB. It next provides a description 

of how volatile and particulate emissions can be estimated using information provided 

in the facility survey and from "generic" coating composition data provided by the 

CARB. This is followed by sections on facility prioritization, "generic" dispersion 

modeling, and the "scoping" health risk assessment. The results of the ABTF's sample 

health risk assessment are presented and discussed. 

3.0 Description of Industry 

In order to complete an industrywide inventory and health risk assessment, an 

understanding of how a bodyshop operates may be helpful. Most auto bodyshops 

operate as job shops. That is, they paint single vehicles for individual customers. 

Many are small businesses. The materials they use will vary depending on specific job 

requirements. To account for these variations, generic formulations were developed 

for each category of product and for each manufacturer. The generic formulations 

represent the chemical constituents of the most commonly found products that are sold 

in California. 

YOC and particulate emiSSions are generated during most phases of repamng an 

automotive surface which includes vehicle preparation, coating application, and 

equipment cleanup. Vehicle preparation may start with the repair or replacement of the 

September 1996 5 

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metal and plastic components (body work). Extensive effort is then put into preparing 

and cleaning the plastic or metal surface to be refinished to ensure proper adhesion of 

the coating and the appearance of color uniformity. Emissions from this step, except 

solvent and cleaner use, are not expected to be significant and are not considered in this 

evaluation. 

A key ingredient to a quality coating job is surface preparation and cleanliness. After 

repair, the surface undergoes several cleaning, sanding, and coating steps. Surface 

preparation is generally performed in two stages. First, the surface is washed 

thoroughly with a detergent and water to remove dirt and surface contaminants. Then 

the surface is cleaned with a high VOC solvent to remove wax, grease, and other 

contaminants. The area to be refinished is then sanded to smooth or remove the old 

finish and may be given a final solvent wipe to remove fingerprints and the like. 

After the surface has been sanded and cleaned, it is treated with an undercoat or 

primer. Primers provide corrosion resistance, fill in surface imperfections, and provide 

a bond for the topcoat. There are four basic types of undercoats: precoat, primer 

surfacer, primer sealer, and primer. 

The primary function of a precoat is to maintain a thin barrier between a metal surface 

and a subsequent waterborne primer to avoid pinpoint corrosion. It is not intended for 

use to fill scratches. Precoats provide adhesion to the surface and produce a corrosion 

resistant foundation. Precoats are generally followed by a primer surfacer. 

A primer surfacer is a high solids primer providing adhesion, corrosion protection, and 

build. The solids fill in small imperfections in the substrate. This surface is usually 

sanded after application to provide a uniform surface for the topcoat. 

A primer-sealer improves adhesion of the topcoat and provides a seal between the 

primer and the topcoat to prevent solvent penetration. Sealing is also necessary to 

promote topcoat adhesion when a topcoat with a different formula is used on top of 

another incompatible coating. This step is necessary for adhesion to plastic. 

A primer is a general term used to describe a product that is a bond coating used to 

prepare a surface to successfully accept and hold subsequent finish coats. Their 

purpose is to provide maximum adhesion and a corrosion resistant foundation. 

Waterborne primers are an alternative to the conventional solvent-borne primers and 

offer the advantages of higher filling and sealing capability, but may require longer 

drying time. In addition, waterborne primers are impervious to attack by solvents. 

They prevent sand scratches from swelling in the old surface through solvent 

penetration by a solvent-borne primer or topcoat. 

September 1996 6 

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Topcoats are generally applied as a series of coats over a primer and determine the final 

color of the finished area. Since most repairs are spot and panel repairs, a major 

concern is matching the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) color as closely as 

possible by blending the repair into the surrounding area. In some cases a heavily 

reduced blend coat is used to further improve the color match. As OEM topcoats have 

become more complex, the precise matching of original colors by refinishers has 

become more difficult, and in many cases, has resulted in increased solvent usage to 

achieve color blending. 

Topcoats come in single coat, two coat (basecoat/clearcoat) systems including solid 

colors or metallics, and multi-stage systems. Metallic finishes differ from solid color 

finishes because they contain small metal flakes suspended in a mixture of binders, 

solvent, and pigment. These finishes are among the most difficult to color match. 

Presently, most of the European, Japanese, and U.S. automotive manufacturers are 

using high solid basecoat/clearcoat finishes on their vehicles. Two coat and multistage 

systems are commonly found in the automotive refinishing industry. The system 

utilizes either an acrylic lacquer or a polyurethane clear coat over a base color (or an 

acrylic enamel color basecoat with an acrylic urethane clearcoat). Low VOC 

waterborne clearcoats are now in use and are important when refinishing with a 

metallic finish. The two coat or multistage system can reduce overall emissions by 

allowing a high quality and higher VOC basecoat to be used in conjunction with a 

lower VOC content clearcoat. 

4.0 Emission Estimation 

Some factors that influence the magnitude of emissions and, subsequently, the health 

impact include the specific coatings used, application methods, the use of or lack of a 

spray booth, and the type of booth controls. This section describes how a generic toxic 

emissions inventory can be developed for the typical bodyshop. 

4.1 Emitted Compounds and Generic Formulations 

There are now over 700 toxic compounds listed under AB 2588. In an effort to 

simplify data collection, twenty of these toxics were determined by the ABTF and 

CARB to be the most likely constituents to be found in automotive coatings in 

potentially significant amounts. A listing of these compounds and their toxicity values 

is included as Appendix C. 

The composition of coatings and associated products varies widely between product 

type, manufacturer, and color. Therefore, the ABTF adopted categories for typical 

coatings used in many VOC limit rules for automotive coating operations. Using the 

list of most likely constituents and the categories of coatings and solvents, the CARB 

September 1996 7 

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contacted the major manufacturers of coatings sold in California through the 

cooperation of the National Paint and Coating Manufacturers Association. The 

manufacturers included BASF, DuPont, Nason, PPG, Sherwin Williams, and AKZO. 

According to the Association, this accounted for over 95% of the coatings sold in 

California. The CARB developed a coating manufacturer survey form that requested 

product formulations and relative sales information for all products sold in California 

containing these components in amounts greater than 1%. An example of a 

manufacturer's survey questionnaire is in Appendix D. The generic formulation data is 

available to districts on diskette from CARB. 

From the manufacturers' data, the CARB generated generic coating formulations. The 

listing of the coating types and generic profiles, along with a description of their 

development are contained in Appendix E. As coating compositions vary over time, 

the data was collected for formulations representing coatings supplied before and after 

the implementation of automobile coating operation rules on January 1, 1995. 

From the generic formulations, a toxic emission inventory can be developed for a 

bodyshop knowing the brand of products used and the number of gallons of each 

product used during the inventory year. To complete the toxic emissions inventory, it 

is only necessary to survey local bodyshops using a simple form, and process the data 

using simplified equations to estimate emissions. 

4.2 Resources for Developing a List of Bodyshops 

The most readily available resource of local bodyshops is the phone book. Most 

body shops advertise in the yellow pages. Additionally, names and addresses can be 

obtained from local distributors of coatings and solvents. Finally, there may be a 

chapter of an industrial organization such as the California Autobody Association 

(CAA). This and similar organizations can be very helpful in locating local bodyshops. 

They can provide a forum to contact and inform members about the Air Toxics "Hot 

Spots" program. Additionally, they can provide a mechanism to assist members in 

completing the survey form described in the next section. 

4.3 The Bodyshop Survey Form 

To assist air districts in collecting the data necessary to generate a toxic emiSSions 

inventory, the ABTF developed a survey form and a suggested cover letter to send to 

local bodyshops. The form is located in Appendix F. 

The FACILITY INFORMATION section is self explanatory. A source may not be 

aware of or not be assigned a facility identification (Fac ID). A permit to operate may 

not have been issued. The sources can be instructed to leave these blank. 

September 1996 8 

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The data requested in the EQUIPMENT INFORMATION is required to complete the 

emission calculations and is used as input into the dispersion calculation. Most of the 

requested responses are self evident. Building dimensions can be best estimates. If the 

booth is not heated, the exhaust temperature can be assumed to be the average ambient 

temperature. If a booth is used, it is important to know whether or not a raincap is 

used on a stack and the blower capacity of the fan motor. These parameters determine 

the amount of or lack of plume rise. This will be discussed further in the section on 

dispersion modeling. A technical data sheet describing the filtering efficiency of the 

type of filters used in the booth should be carefully reviewed. The filter supplier can 

provide this information. A review of filter data by the ABTF indicated that filter 

efficiencies varied greatly between foam and paper filters. 

Toxic emissions are calculated using the data supplied on the reverse side of the survey. 

It is important for the bodyshop owner or operator to fill out a separate form for each 

brand of coating. For example, if DuPont and AKZO products are used, a COATING 

AND SOLVENT USAGE INFORMATION form should be filled out for both DuPont 

products and AKZO products. This is done because the generic formulations for these 

two manufacturers are not identical. If the bodyshop owner or operator is not sure 

which coating category a specific product should be placed in, the regional distributor 

of that product has that information. Company representatives are usually informed on 

state VOC limit rules. Blanks were left in the solvent entries to include the VOC 

content of the solvents used. 

As a quality assurance check, ensure that the total gallons of solvent and coating listed 

at the top of the form equals the total at the bottom. Additionally, if the gallons of 

material that goes to hazardous waste is not known but is desired to be included, some 

districts use a default value between 0-5%. 

4.4 Emission Calculations 

By using the generic coatings information from CARB and the amounts of these 

coatings used by a bodyshop, generic toxic emissions can be calculated. The 

compounds addressed in this assessment are divided into two groups: volatile and solid. 

4.4.1 VOC Calculations 

All volatile compounds contained in coating products are assumed to be emitted 

through evaporation. Volatile compounds are generally solvents. The amount of a 

volatile toxic compound emitted is equal to the amount of the compound contained in 

the product used. They are not reduced in concentration by most filters but pass 

through and can be described by the following equation: 

September 1996 9 

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Where: 

By = Emissions of volatile compound, lb/yr or lb/hr 

V P = Volume of product used, gal/yr or gal/hr 

W P = Amount of product shipped off site as hazardous waste, %/100 

D = Density of product, lb/gal 

Xc = Mass fraction of volatile compound in product, %/100 

For example, to calculate the emissions of toluene, the bodyshop survey form would be 

reviewed and all categories containing toluene would be listed. Next, the number of 

gallons of each category used would be recorded, corrected for any materials sent off 

site as hazardous waste. The CARB generic formulation would then be consulted to 

determine the most likely mass fraction of toluene found in that category for that 

manufacturer. If a manufacturer is not included in the survey, the material safety data 

sheets for the individual products should be consulted. 

Generic toluene emissions would then be estimated by multiplying the gallons used per 

year of each category in which toluene was a constituent by the density of the product 

and by the mass fraction toluene for that category and manufacturer, as estimated by 

the CARB. This process would be repeated for each constituent and category to 

develop the organic emissions component of the toxic emissions inventory. The total 

toluene is the sum of the contributions from each category. The process is readily 

completed using a spreadsheet format. 

For example, for an uncontrolled source using 47 gallons of product with a density of 

7.28 lb/gal and a toluene content of 11.9%, the mass of toluene generated from that 

product during the emissions year, less that which goes to hazardous waste, would be: 

Ev = (47- (51100 X 47)) X 7.28 X 11.91100 

= 39 lb/yr 

4.4.2 Par1iculate Emission Calculations 

Emissions of solids are influenced by transfer efficiency, capture efficiency, and 

control efficiency. Solids consist of polymers, pigments, and other materials that are 

deposited on the vehicle. Unlike volatile compounds, the amount of solid compound 

emitted is much less than the amount of the compound contained in the material coated. 

Depending on the type of spray gun, a portion of the solid component deposits on the 

part. The remainder is lost as overspray. Depending on the level of control, all or a 

portion of the overspray is emitted to the atmosphere as particulate matter emissions. 

Before these emissions can be calculated, a number of these parameters must be 

considered. 

September 1996 lO 
4.4.3 Transfer Efficiency 

Automotive surface coating is generally performed using a spray gun. Transfer 

efficiency is a measure of the effectiveness of spray equipment in applying the solids to 

the intended surface. The transfer efficiency depends on the type of spray gun, the 

target configuration and size, the temperature and humidity of the shop air, paint 

characteristics, paint and air flow rates, and operator experience. Both the South Coast 

AQMD and U.S. EPA have developed a test protocol for determining transfer 

efficiency, but currently there is no universally accepted test protocol. 

The most prevalent types of auto refinishing spray techniques used in California are air 

atomized conventional and high volume low pressure (HVLP) spray guns. The ABTF 

recommends the use of the values listed in Table 1, below, which are from U.S. EPA, 

Reduction of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Automobile Refinishing, 

EPA-450/3-88-009, October, 1988. If site specific values are available, they can be 

used instead of the values below. 

Table 1 

Transfer Efficiencies for Coating Applications 

Application Method Transfer Efficiency 

Hand (brushes, rollers, etc,) 100% 

Conventional (air atomized) spray gun 35% 

High volume, low pressure spray gun (HVLP) 65% 

4.4.4 Capture Efficiency 

For many sources, automotive surface coating is done in a spray booth equipped with 

filters or a water curtain which captures most of the solids not deposited on the vehicle 

and adjacent surfaces. Booths are usually equipped with an exhaust fan (for safety) and 

particulate control. In an enclosed booth or an open booth with an exhaust rate 

sufficient to comply with fire codes, the capture efficiency is virtually 100%, and all 

emissions can be assumed to pass through the filters or water curtains. 

For partially enclosed spray booths, the capture efficiency might be lower. It is up to 

the air District to estimate the capture efficiency of partially enclosed booths. If a prep 

station or an enclosure other than a spray booth is used, the capture efficiency is less 

than 100%. The exhaust fan is not sufficient to draw all of the solids to the particulate 

September 1996 11 

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control system. Some of the solids are emitted through the exhaust stack and the 

remainder are emitted as fugitives. If coating is done outside a spray booth or prep 

station, emissions are uncontrolled. The capture efficiency is 0. 

4.4.5 Fall Out Fraction 

Another parameter, fall out fraction (FOF), must be considered when estimating 

particulate emissions and is closely associated to both the transfer efficiency and 

whether or not a spray booth is used. Recent studies of a coating operation at Rohr 

Industries, an aerospace manufacturing facility in San Diego, have shown that not all of 

the solids that do not stick on the surface of the substrate being sprayed are drawn into 

a particulate control system. A portion of the solids fall to the floor; cling to the 

painter, walls, and ceilings; and are deposited on other surfaces such as racks or 

masked areas. The FOF is the percent of solids sprayed including the amount 

transferred to the substrate of interest that does not reach the particulate removal 

system. 

For example, the Rohr study determined that the fall out fraction for medium-sized 

components coated in a precleaned, fully enclosed spray booth by an experienced 

painter using HVLP spray equipment was 91%. That means for every 100 pounds of 

solids sprayed, only 9% goes to the filtering system and 91% falls out prior to the 

filters including the amount that sticks to the intended surface (i.e., the transferred 

portion). 

The ABTF recommends that a fall out fraction for auto bodyshops be set at 80% for 

HVLP and 50% for air atomized spray operations conducted in a fully enclosed booth. 

The fall out fraction includes the transfer efficiency. The fall out fraction should not be 

used for spray operations conducted in partially enclosed booths, prep stations, or 

outside of a booth. Instead use the transfer efficiency. This equates to 65% for HVLP 

and 35% for air atomized spray operations. The rationale for this approach is 

summarized in the memo located in Appendix G. 

4.4.6 Booth Control Efficiency 

Control efficiency refers to the effectiveness of a prep station's or spray booth's 

particulate emissions control system in removing particulate materials. It can be the 

filtering efficiency of a filter or mat, or the scrubbing efficiency of a water curtain. 

Information on the control efficiency of the spray booth or prep station particulate 

controls can usually be obtained from the manufacturer or supplier of the equipment. 

If information is not available, the ABTF recommends that the values listed in Table 2 

be used. These values are based on informal surveys of filtering efficiency values 

according to manufacturer's specification used in spray booths located in ABTF 

member districts. Because this is a scoping evaluation, it is assumed that all particulate 

September 1996 12 

I 
emissions have a diameter of less than 10 microns. For a more detailed analysis, the 

particle distribution should be considered to determine the fraction of the particulate 

emission that are respirable. This may involve source testing stack emissions to 

determine particle size distributions. 

Table 2 

Control Efficiencies for Coating Applications 

Particulate Control Equipment Control Efficiency 

Paper Filters 95% 

Rigid Foam (baffle) Filters 70% 

Water Curtain 90% 

4.4. 7 Fractional Portion of Toxic Compound 

Toxic compounds are expected to dissociate in human cells, and therefore, only the 

toxic fraction of each particular compound should be considered. For example, the 

molecular formula for lead chromate is PbCr04 and the contributing atomic weights of 

each element are: 

lead = 207 

chromium = 52 

oxygen= 16 x 4 = 64 

The total formula weight of lead chromate is 207 + 52 + (4 x 16) = 323. 

The fractions of each elemental constituent is equal to the contributing atomic weight of 

that constituent divided by the compound formula weight. Therefore, the toxic 

fractional weights are as follows: 

lead = 207/323 = 0.64 

chromium = 52/323 = 0.16 

Toxic constituent amounts in commonly applied pigments are listed below: 

September 1996 13 

I 
Table 3 

Toxic Metals in Pigments 

Pigment Toxic Compound Weight Percent(%) 

Lead chromate hexavalent chromium 16.1 

lead 64.1 

Calcium chromate hexavalent chromium 33.3 

Strontium chromate hexavalent chromium 25.5 

Zinc chromate hexavalent chromium 28.7 

zinc 36.1 

Zinc oxide Zinc 80.3 

Lead chromate molybdate * hexavalent chromium 11.3-14.8 

lead 61.8-64.4 

Emissions of solids from automotive surface coating must be estimated in a two-step 

process. Stack emissions may be estimated by the following equation: 

Equation 2: Ess = V P x D x Xc x T x ( 1-TE) x (1-CE) x CP 

or Ess = vp X D X XC X T X (1-FOF) X (1-CE) X CP 

Where: 

E55 = Emissions of solid compound from the stack, lb/yr or lb/hr 

V P = Volume of product used, gal/yr or gallhr 

D = Density of product from MSDS, lb/gal 

Xc = Mass fraction of solid compound in product, %1100 

T = Mass fraction of toxic constituent in solid compound, %/100 

TE = Transfer efficiency, %1100 

FOF = Fall out fraction efficiency, %1100 

CE = Control efficiency of the spray booth particulate control 

CP = Capture efficiency of the spray booth particulate control 

Fugitive emissions may be estimated from Equation 3: 

Equation 3: Esf = vp X D X XC X T X (1-FOF) X (1-CP) 

Where: 

September 1996 14 

I 
Esf = Emissions of solid compound from fugitive releases, lb/hr or lb/yr 

V P = Volume of product used, gal/yr or gal/hr 

D = Density of product from MSDS, lb/gal 

Xc = Mass fraction of solid compound in product, %1100 

T = Mass fraction of toxic constituent in solid compound, %1100 

TE = Transfer efficiency, %1100 

CP = Capture efficiency of the spray booth particulate control 

Total particulate matter emissions are the sum of the stack and fugitive emissions: 

An example of this calculation would be to determine the particulate emissions of 

hexavalent chromium from a spray operation using HVLP in an enclosed spray booth 

(all stack emissions) equipped with standard paper filters. The fallout fraction is 80%. 

A hypothetical bodyshop survey indicated that 135 gallons of primer containing 

hexavalent chromium were sprayed. The product had a density of 8.65 lb/gal, and the 

lead chromate content was 12%. The weight percent of hexavalent chromium in lead 

chromate is 16.1%. Particulate emissions are: 

Ess = 135 gal/yr X 8.65 lb/gal X 12/100 X 16.1/100 X (1-80/100) X (1-95/100) X 

(1001100) 

= 0.23 lb/yr hexavalent chromium emitted 

Emissions for each solid compound of interest can be calculated in a manner similar to 

that described above. As in the case of volatile organic compounds, this process is 

simplified using a spreadsheet. 

Using equations 1 and 2 above, all of the bodyshop emissions can be estimated using 

data from the bodyshop survey and the generic formulations, and applying either 

default or alternate values for fall out fraction, control efficiency, and capture 

efficiency. In this example, a booth was used and fugitive emissions (Equation 3) were 

not calculated. Following the procedure outlined here, the toxic emissions inventory 

for the facility can now be generated. 

4.4.8 Transmitting Inventory Data to CARB 

The final step in this phase of the process is to transmit the emissions inventory data, 

either generic or refined, to the CARB for inclusion in the statewide data base. CARB 

has recommended that the format specified in Appendix H be used to transmit data 

electronically (on diskette). 

September 1996 15 

I 
5.0 Facility Prioritization 

The Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Act requires districts to prioritize facilities for possible 

adverse health risks and to require high priority facilities to perform health risk 

assessments. The method used to prioritize facilities is at the discretion of each 

District. The task force recommends that auto bodyshops included in an industrywide 

assessment be prioritized in a manner similar to that used by the District for other 

facilities. Thus, the "scoping" level health risk assessment would be performed only 

for high priority facilities. 

To assist districts in developing pnontlzation procedures, the CAPCOA Toxics 

Committee developed the Facility Prioritization Guidelines, July, 1990. One of the 

procedures described in those guidelines is discussed in this document, but it is 

acknowledged that other procedures may be equally valid. 

Based on the emissions determined from examination of the facility questionnaires and 

the generic coating profiles, the toxicity of the emitted compounds, and the proximity 

of the facility to receptors, priority scores can be calculated. Detailed equations for 

calculation of the priority score are in Appendix I. 

The task force recommends that no health risk assessment be performed for facilities 

that are not designated high priority using this health-protective procedure, since these 

facilities are unlikely to pose significant risks. 

6.0 "Scoping" Health Risk Assessment 

For facilities that are prioritized as high priority, a "scoping" or screening health risk 

assessment is performed to determine if emissions from the facility have the potential to 

cause a significant health risk. A risk assessment for toxic air pollutants combines 

results of studies on the potential adverse health effects of various animal and human 

exposures to the pollutants with results of studies that estimate the level of exposure at 

different distances from the source of the pollutants. The health risk assessment 

consists of four steps: hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure 

assessment, and risk characterization. 

6.1 Hazard Identification 

For air toxics sources, hazard identification involves determining the potential health 

effects that may be associated with emitted pollutants. The purpose is to identify 

whether a pollutant is a potential human carcinogen or is associated with other types of 

adverse health effects. For the auto body industrywide health risk assessment, the 

pollutants evaluated are a subset of the list of substances for which emissions are to be 

September 1996 16 

I 
quantified according to the ARB Emission Inventory Criteria and Guidelines 

Regulations, January 31, 1994. See Appendix C for the list of compounds addressed in 

this industrywide assessment. Appendix C also includes toxicity data from the 

CAPCOA Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Program Risk Assessment Guidelines, October 1993 

for the compounds addressed. 

6.2 Dose-Response Assessment 

Dose-response assessment is the process of characterizing the relationship between the 

exposure to an agent and the incidence of an adverse health effect in the exposed 

population. In a quantitative carcinogen risk assessment, the dose-response relationship 

is expressed in terms of a potency slope or inhalation unit risk which is used to 

calculate the probability or risk of cancer associated with a given exposure level. The 

Cal-EPA Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) has compiled 

cancer potency values that were used in this industrywide assessment. The values are 

from Tables III-5 and III-6 of the CAPCOA Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Program Risk 

Assessment Guidelines, October 1993. 

For noncarcinogenic effects, dose-response data developed from animal or human 

studies are used to develop noncancer reference exposure levels (acute and chronic 

RELs). These levels are compared to exposures resulting from bodyshop emissions 

under different release scenarios. The RELs used in this assessment are from Tables 

lll-8 (chronic RELs) and Ill-10 (acute RELs) of the October 1993 CAPCOA Air 

Toxics "Hot Spots" Program Risk Assessment Guidelines. 

Auto bodyshops can emit toxic metals such as lead, hexavalent chromium, cadmium, 

and nickel which are known to cause cancer in people. Several solvents can be emitted 

which cause irritation of the respiratory tract and depression of the nervous system. 

Glycol ethers, lead, and toluene affect developing embryos. In addition to effects by 

inhalation, some compounds can be absorbed through the skin or ingested from crops 

grown near the facility. The dose-response data used in this industrywide assessment 

are listed in Appendix C. The dose-response data will be updated periodically by 

OEHHA. Industrywide health risk assessments may need to be updated as well based 

on new data. 

6.3 Exposure Assessment 

The purpose of the exposure assessment is to estimate the extent of public exposure to 

each substance for which cancer risk will be quantified or noncancer effects evaluated. 

This involves emission quantification (discussed above), modeling of environmental 

transport (discussed below), evaluation of environmental fate, and estimation of shortterm and long-term exposure levels. A multipathway exposure model that includes 

inhalation, ingestion, and dermal routes of exposure was used for this assessment. The 

September 1996 17 

I 
noninhalation exposure analysis is included in order to account for exposure to 

deposited air emissions through pathways such as ingestion of contaminated soils, 

ingestion of contaminated crops, or dermal absorption. Cadmium, lead, and hexavalent 

chromium can enter the body through non-inhalation routes. Due to their highly site 

specific nature, other pathways such as water ingestion and ingestion of local meat and 

dairy products were not included in this scoping assessment. These pathways may be 

significant at some locations and may need to be added on a site specific basis. 

6.4 Risk Characterization 

The final step of risk assessment, risk characterization, is an integration of the health 

effects and public exposure information developed for emitted pollutants. Maximum 

individual risks are calculated for receptors at varying distances from the emission 

source. Risks are calculated for various facility types and product lines. The 

calculated risk for all pollutants emitted from a single facility are combined and 

compared to acceptable criteria. 

For this type of assessment, either the HRA or the ACE2588 Risk Assessment Model 

are typically used. These models use emissions estimates and air dispersion modeling 

results to calculate multipathway exposures and risks as described in the CAPCOA Air 

Toxics "Hot Spots" Program Risk Assessment Guidelines, October 1993. 

6.5 "Scoping" Level Release Scenarios and Dispersion Modeling 

Most automotive surface coating occurs in spray booths. The spray booths are 

typically equipped with exhaust fans and stacks. Spray booths are modeled as point 

sources. Typical release parameters for this study were based on District staff field 

observations of a number of facilities. The height of the stacks vary, but the releases 

are generally between 25 and 30 feet above ground level. Stack diameters generally 

range from 1.5 to 3 feet. Spray booth exhaust fans are typically rated at 7,500 -

15,000 cfm. Exhaust is near ambient temperature. 

Downwash may occur due to the presence of buildings. Based on field observations, 

four "generic" sets of building dimensions were developed. These generic building 

dimensions are believed to describe the majority of buildings where automotive surface 

coating occurs. Four building sizes were assessed. All building configurations were 

estimated at 20 feet tall, with varying sizes of 20 by 20 feet, 20 by 75 feet, 75 by 100 

feet, and 100 by 150 feet. (It was later noted through the modeling analysis that the 

calculated concentrations did not differ for each of these building sizes; therefore, a 

single set of modeling results are discussed below). 

In some cases, spray booth stacks end in a horizontal direction rather than vertical. 

Other stacks are equipped with a rain cap or other device which obstructs the vertical 

September 1996 18 

I 
flow of the exhausted emissions. For these situations, a stack velocity of zero was 

used, to simulate that no vertical dispersion occurs due to stack gas momentum. 

Some coating operations may be performed in an open area, without a spray booth. 

This type of operation was modeled as a volume source. The dimensions of the volume 

source were assumed to be 5 ft x 10 ft x 5 ft high, corresponding to the approximate 

area occupied by a car being painted. 

Based on the above, and preliminary modeling results, seven release scenarios were 

modeled. Six of these were stack-type releases, four with vertical velocity and two 

with obstructions to vertical flow. The seventh scenario was an unconfined, outdoor 

release simulated as a volume source. The scenarios are described in Table 4. 

Concentrations of air toxics emitted from auto bodyshops at receptors were predicted 

using air quality dispersion models. Air quality modeling uses computer based 

algorithms to estimate how a pollutant emitted from a source will affect the surrounding 

air quality. The computer programs, called air quality dispersion models, simulate the 

movement and dispersion of pollutants after they are released into the air. The results 

of the model depend on very specific inputs such as meteorological conditions (e.g., 

temperature and wind speed), the physical characteristics of the pollution source (e.g., 

height of a stack), and the surrounding topography or terrain. The model predicts the 

concentration of a pollutant at any given distance from the original sources. 

Several air dispersion models have been developed and approved by the USEPA. Two 

of these were used in this analysis: ISCST2 and SCREEN2. Later versions of each of 

these models (ISCST3 and SCREEN3) have since been approved for use by the U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency and should be used in any future analyses. 

However, it is not expected that the use of these later models would significantly 

impact the results of these analyses. Both ISCST2 and SCREEN2 are Gaussian 

dispersion models suitable for use in screening-level applications. For the scoping 

assessment, each of the models was used in a flat-terrain mode. 

Each of the generic release scenarios was modeled using both SCREEN2 and ISCST2. 

SCREEN2 used default meteorological data to calculate maximum hourly 

concentrations. It is suitable for use in any locale (although as stated, in this 

assessment, it was run in the flat terrain mode) and designed not to underpredict air 

quality impacts. In order to estimate concentrations for averaging times longer than 

one hour, averaging time adjustment factors are often employed. Following guidance 

of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and California Air Resources Board 

(Ranzieri, 1994), an exposure adjustment factor of 0.08 was employed to predicted 

annual average concentrations from the one-hour maxima. Monthly estimates are also 

valuable for comparison to monthly air quality standards for lead. An exposure 

adjustment factor of 0.3 was used to estimate monthly concentrations (Ranzieri, 1994). 

September 1996 19 

I 
(I) 

(11 

"0 

~ 

3 

0" 

~ 

-\0 

\0 

0'1 

~ 

~ . . 

Table 4. Description of Generic Modeling Source Categories 

Source Stack Hel~ht Exit Velocity Exit Diameter 

Description (feet) (meters) (fps) (mps) (feet) (meters) 

25-ft stack. 30 fps velocity 25 7.6 30 9.1 2.5 0.76 

30-ft stack. 30 fps velocity 30 9.1 30 9."1 2.5 0.76 

25-ft stack. 75 fps velocity 25 7.6 . 75 22.9 2.0 0.61 

30-ft stack. 75 fps velocity · 30 9.1 . 75 22.9 2.0 . 0.61 

25-ft stack with obstruction to vertical now 25 7.6 O{Downwatd 0 (Downward 2.0 0.6 

30-ft stack with obstruction to vertical now .30 . . 9.1. O(Oownward o (Downward' 2.0 0.6 

Source Volume Height Initial Sigma Y Initial Sigma Z 

Description (feet). (meters) (feet) (meters) (feet) (meters) 

Fugitive release outslde.of a building . 2.5 0.76. 4.7 1.4 . 2.3 0.71 

Sigma Y Is the Initial horizontal dimension. 

Sigma Z Is the Initial vertical dlnienslon. · 

Exit Temperature 

'·F K 

70 294 

70 294 

70 294 

70 294 

70 294 

70 294 I 

Exit Temperature 

F K . 

NA NA 

-
The ISCST2 model differs from SCREEN2 in that it is more data intensive and is 

designed to treat more complex release situations. ISCST2 requires site-specific hourly 

meteorological data and can calculate concentrations for multiple averaging times, 

including maximum one hour, monthly, and annual average values. Given the use of 

site-specific meteorology and more detailed dispersion algorithms, simulations using 

ISCST2 are more refined than those of SCREEN2, and should provide a better sitespecific estimate of ground-level concentrations. (Estimates using ISCST2 are typically 

less conservative, i.e., lower than those of SCREEN2.) 

This dispersion modeling assessment was limited in scope. Both the SCREEN2 and 

ISCST2 models contain a number of model options. In addition, as discussed above, 

the ISCST2 model requires site-specific meteorological data. For this assessment, the 

effort was limited in scope to two actual meteorological sites in San Diego County, an 

inland and coastal site. The ISCST2 model was run in the "rural" mode, which affects 

the results of the dispersion algorithms and often predicts slightly greater ground-level 

concentration estimates. SCREEN2 analyses were run in both "rural" and "urban" 

modes. The models used regulatory agency-recommended model default options and 

switches. 

Results were calculated for various distances extending from 10 meters to 1000 meters 

from the source. Near to the source, receptor points were arranged at 25 meter radial 

distances from the source to a distance of 200 meters. Receptor grid spacing of 50 

meters was used to a distance of 500 meters, and finally receptor radials were placed at 

600, 750 and 1000 meters. The stack releases were modeled in such a way as to 

include the assessment of building downwash which tends to increase ground-level 

concentrations near to the stack. As discussed above, four building configurations were 

evaluated; however, predicted concentrations did not differ among the four building 

configurations. Therefore, a single set of modeling results are discussed below. 

Each of these models was run with a unit emission rate of one gram per second (g/s) to 

calculate a relative concentration (often referred to as X/Q, or relative dispersion 

factor). X/Q values in 11g/m3 per g/s have also been converted to units of 11glm3 per 

lb/hr and 11g/m3 per lb/yr. These X/Q values can then be multiplied by a calculated 

emission rate of a particular toxic constituent, in corresponding units to estimate the 

ambient concentration of that toxicant. A comparison of the X/Q values can also be 

used to provide a comparative estimate of the dispersive potential of each release 

scenario, i.e., a comparison of the effectiveness of each source type in dispersing air 

pollutants. Similarly, because risk is directly proportional to X/Q, a comparison of 

X/Q values from each release type provides an indicator of the relative risk related to 

each release scenario. 

September 1996 21 

I 
• 

6.5.1 Dispersion Modeling Results 

The results of the dispersion modeling analyses are summarized herein with detailed 

results provided in Appendix J. 

Table 5 provides the maximum calculated X/Q for each evaluated release scenario, 

meteorological regime and averaging period. X/Q values are provided in units of 

!Jg/m3 per g/s, per lb/hr, and per lb/yr. Lower X/Q values relate to better dispersion 

and, correspondingly, lower toxicant concentrations and reduced risk. In all cases, 

stack releases with no obstruction to vertical flow result in lowest X/Q values, and 

therefore, greatest dispersive potential. The best performing scenario to the worst 

performing scenario can be ranked as follows: 

I. Taller Stack (30 feet), Highest Exit Velocity (75 feet per second) 

2. Lower Stack (25 feet), Highest Exit Velocity (75 feet per second) 

3. Taller Stack (30 feet), Lower Exit Velocity (30 feet per second) 

4. Lower Stack (25 feet), Lower Exit Velocity (30 feet per second) 

5. Taller Stack (30 feet), No Vertical Flow 

6. Lower Stack (25 feet), No Vertical Flow 

7. Fugitive Source 

Model input files for the scenarios included in this guideline are available on diskette 

from local districts. These input files can be run with local meteorological data as a 

refinement to the screening risk assessment. 

Dispersion factors calculated for point sources with no vertical flow are about an order 

of magnitude higher than those without obstruction, and fugitive releases are several 

orders of magnitude higher. 

Maximum hourly X/Q values vary significantly among the release scenarios; however, 

they do not differ significantly between meteorological data. For point sources, values 

range from about 150 for the taller stack and higher flow rate to almost 1000 for the 

lower stack and lesser flow rate. Without vertical flow, the hourly X/Q values 

(!lglin3/g/s) range from 5,000 to 12,000 for the 25 and 30 foot stacks, respectively, up 

to 158,000 for the fugitive release. Additional variation in X/Q with meteorological 

data is seen with increasing averaging time. For the annual assessment, the generic 

meteorology can result in two to three times the X/Q values derived from real 

meteorology. The X/Q value range is 8 to approximately 80 for point sources with 

vertical flow, 100 to 1000 for stacks with vertical flow obstruction, and up to 13,000 

for fugitive sources. 

September 1996 22 

I 
en 

(» 

"'0 

~ 

3 

0" 

(» 

...., 

....... 

\0 

\0 

0'1 

N 

t..) 

Source 

Description 

25-ft stack, 30 fps velocity 

30-ft stack, 30 fps velocity 

25-ft stack, 75 fps velocity 

30-ft stack 75 fps velocity 

25-ft stack with obstruction to vertical fiOY 

30-ft stack with obstruction to vertical flO\\ 

_ Fllgitive release outside of a building 

Source 

Description 

25-ft stack, 30 fps velocity 

Table 5. Maximum Calculated Dispersion Factors 

for Various Sourqe Types and Meteorological Data 

Max Annual X/Q - ug/m3 per g/s Max Hourly X/Q- ug/m3J>er_g/s 

San Otego SCREEN2 San Dfeqo SCREEN2 

Coastal Inland Rural Urban Coastal Inland Rural Urban 

51 36 69 77 758 797 868 964 

28 26 26 55 414 312 326 682 

15 11 22 36 278 279 274 456 

11 8 12 26 148 151 153 328 

235 455 1015 423 11635 12552 12690 5283 

96 104 450 205 4659 5065 5627 2562 

7667 13101 12616 9264 134352 134977 157700 115800 

Max Annual X/Q - ug/m3 per lblvr Max Hourly X/Q - ug/m3 per lblhr 

San Otego SCREEN2 San Diego SCREEN2 

Coastal Inland Rural Urban Coastal Inland Rural Urban 

7.4E-04 5.2E-04 1.0E-03 1.1E-03 96 101 110 122 

30-ft stack, 30 fps velocity . 4.0E-:04 3.8E-04 3.8E-04 7.8E-04 52 39 41 86 

25-ft stack, 75 fps velocity 2.1E-04 1.5E-04 3.2E-04 5.2E-04 35 35 ' 35 58 

30-ft stack 75 fps velocity 1.5E-04 1.2E-04 1.8E-04 3.8E-04 19 19 19 41 

25-ft stack with obstruction to vertical fiO\I 3.4E-03 6.5E-03 1.5E-02 6.1E-03 1470 1585 1603 667 

30-ft stack with obstruction to vertical flov. 1.4E-03 1.5E-03 6.5E-03 2.9E-03 588 640 711 324 

Fugitive release outside of a building 1.1E-01 1.9E-01 1.8E-01 1.3E-01 16969 17048 19918 14626 

Max Monthly X/Q - ug/m3 per g/s 

San Otego SCREEN2 

Coastal Inland Rural Urban 

88 59 260 289 

41 43 98 205 

24 18 82 137 

18 14 46 99 

364 1014 3807 1585 

149 395 1688 769 

11614 27658 47310 34740 

Max Monthly X/Q - ug/m3 per lb/mo 

San Otego SCREEN2 

Coastal Inland Rural Urban 

0.015 0.010 0.046 0.051 

0.008 0.008 0.017 0.036 

0.004 0.003 0.014 0.024 

0.003 0.002 0.008 0.017 

0.064 0.178 0.667 0.278 

0.026 0.069 0.296 0.135 I 

2.034 4.844 8.287 6.085 I 

Note: Values of0.08 and 0.3 were used to extrapolate the SCREEN2 maximum hourly value to an annual and monthly value, respectively. 

-
Dispersion factors also vary significantly with distance from the source. Maxima occur 

within 75 meters for the stacks without vertical flow, and within 10 meters for fugitive 

sources. For those sources with exit velocities of 30 feet per second, maxima occur 

generally within 125 meters, but may occur as far as 250 meters from the source. For 

those with higher exit velocities (75 feet per second as opposed to 30 feet per second), 

maxima occurring generally 50 meters further from the source. 

The SCREEN2 model generally gave representative results in comparison to ISCST2 

with site-specific meteorological data, and based on this limited assessment, SCREEN2 

looks like it will serve as an adequate screening tool for most applications. SCREEN2 

was slightly more conservative (which would result in the calculation of higher risk 

values) for all but a few cases related to hourly dispersion, and in those cases where the 

ISCST2-calculated values exceeded those of SCREEN2, the difference was minor. 

The difference between ISCST2 results and those of SCREEN2 when extrapolated from 

hourly to annual estimates was most notable with the fugitive emissions scenario. 

Here, the estimates varied by a factor of three. Otherwise, annual projections for 

SCREEN2 results were within 20 percent of the ISCST2 calculations. 

6.5.2 Comparative Dispersion Modeling and Implications for Risk Reduction 

Reduction of emissions of toxic compounds is the preferred method for reducing risks. 

Coating distributors can be contacted regarding the existence and suitability of products 

that have less or none of the toxic compound(s) of concern. In addition to emission 

reduction, risks can be reduced by changing dispersion characteristics. 

Comparative dispersion modeling results provide a basis for risk management decisions 

related to source dispersion characteristics and siting. Methods of managing risks 

which were evaluated include: 

enclosing fugitive emissions 

increasing the distance from the stack to the fenceline, 

removing obstruction to vertical flow (raincap), 

increasing the stack height, 

increasing stack exit velocity, 

Summary findings are discussed below. 

Decreasing risk by enclosing fugitive emissions 

Facilities that perform painting outside a paint spray booth were found to have the 

greatest overall impact. Use of a spray booth equipped with filters or other particulate 

controls significantly reduces particulate emissions. Additionally, emissions from a 

September 1996 24 

I 
stack are dispersed more efficiently than ground level fugitive emissions. To reduce 

toxic impacts, spray operations should be conducted within an enclosed spray booth. 

Decreasing risk from fugitive emissions by increasing distance to the fenceline 

Some larger facilities can consider relocating sources away from fenceline locations and 

nearby receptors, and thereby reducing the risk to offsite receptors. Increasing the 

distance to the fenceline or the nearest receptor by a factor of five (for example from 

10 meters to 50 meters) resulted in a risk decrease of a factor of 3 to 9 for the ISCST2 

run using coastal meteorology, 3 to 6 for the ISCST2 run using inland meteorology, 

and 3 to 7 using SCREEN2, for rural and urban areas, respectively. 

Decreasing risk by removing obstruction to vertical flow 

Emissions directed upward instead of downward produces the largest risk reduction in 

this study. On an hourly basis, risk reduction of at least a factor of 12 can be achieved 

in rural settings and 5 in urban settings, by directing flow upward with even the 

minimum velocity (30 feet per second). Similarly, an annual decrease of a factor of 4 

can be achieved. 

Decreasing risk by increasing stack height 

A 20 percent increase in stack height (e.g., increasing release height from 25 to 30 

feet) can reduce risk by a factor of one and one-third to three. Local codes should be 

consulted before recommending an increase in stack height. Additionally, stack heights 

should not exceed EPA's GEP (Good Engineering Practice) heights. For auto 

bodyshops, this generally is 2.5 times the building height. 

Decreasing risk by increasing stack exit velocity 

Increasing stack exit velocity by a factor of 2.5 (e.g., increasing velocity from 30 to 75 

feet per second) produced proportional risk decreases, lower by a factor of two to 

three. Note that an exit velocity of at least 50 feet per second is often recommended to 

avoid stack tip downwash. However, stack velocity should not be recommended for 

change without first consulting a HV AC professional or the spray booth manufacturer 

for approval of the increase in stack exit velocity. 

Summary results 

The greatest potential for reducing risk by enhancing dispersion lies in ensuring that 

emissions are directed in a vertical direction with some upward momentum. Impact 

reductions of factors 12 to 15 were found. All other techniques, including fenceline 

distance increases, stack height increases, and exit velocity increases provided risk 

reductions of between factors of two to three. 

In addition to the above, the CARB has developed risk reduction guidelines for auto 

bodyshops under SB 1731. These guidelines should be consulted for more information 

on reducing emissions and risk from auto bodyshops. A copy of the risk reduction 

September 1996 25 
guidelines can be obtained from the California Air Resources Board, Stationary Source 

Division, Emission Assessment Branch (916/323-4327). 

6.6 "Scoping" Level Risk Assessment Methodology 

For scoping level risk assessments, it is appropriate to use the SCREEN2 model to 

estimate concentrations of toxic compounds at off-site receptors. The model was run 

using the emission scenarios described above, and an emission rate of 1 lb/yr. The 

SCREEN2 model provides concentrations at each receptor distance that is included in 

the modeling run. In addition, the location with the highest impact (X/Q) will be found 

by the SCREEN2 model. X/Q values at various distances for the seven emission 

scenarios examined are included in Appendix J. 

Some toxic compounds emitted from auto bodyshops; specifically cadmium, hexavalent 

chromium, and lead; can enter the body through routes other than inhalation (i.e., 

absorbed through the skin, ingested, etc.). These compounds are known as 

multipathway pollutants. Risk assessments generally include a multipathway analysis to 

account for these other routes of exposure. 

Multipathway values in Appendix C may be used for scoping assessments unless 

otherwise directed by the District. The cancer factors were developed by comparing 

multipathway risk results to the results of risks due only to inhalation. The cancer 

multipathway factor is the ratio of the multipathway risk to the inhalation risk. These 

factors differ due to choices in assumptions, such as fraction of home grown produce 

and pollutant deposition rate. For cancer risk screening, the factors should be applied 

to each multipathway pollutant emitted from the auto bodyshop being modeled. 

6.6.1 Cancer Risk Calculation 

The equation for calculating the maximum cancer risk is: 

Equation 4: R = X/Q X Q· X MPA X UR I I I 

where, 

Ri = Risk from each compound (per million) 

X/Q = Peak concentration from SCREEN2 modeling based on 1 lb/yr 

emission rate (!lgfm3)f(lb/yr) 

Qi = Actual emission rate of each compound (lb/yr) 

MPA = Multipathway adjustment factor (if applicable) 

URi = Unit risk factor for each pollutant (!lgfm3)-1 

Ri is summed for each pollutant to determine the total cancer risk. 

September 1996 26 

I 
6.6.2 Chronic Noncancer Risk Calculation 

Screening-level chronic and acute hazard indices should also be calculated. 

Multipathway factors have also been developed by SCAQMD and SDCAPCD for 

chronic noncancer health effects. These factors are the ratio of the exposure from 

ingestion to the exposure through inhalation. The chronic hazard index can be 

calculated using the peak annual X/Q , the chronic adjustment factor and the chronic 

noncancer Reference Exposure Levels (REL). For the chronic hazard index 

calculation, the adjustment factors should be applied to all appropriate compounds. 

The equation for calculating the screening chronic hazard index is: 

Equation 5: Hlci = (X/Q x Qi x CF)/(RELi) 

where, 

Hlci = Individual chronic hazard index for each compound 

X/Q = Peak concentration from SCREEN2 modeling based on 1 lb/yr emission 

rate (!lgfm3)/(lb/yr) 

Qi = Actual emission rate of each compound (lb/yr) 

CF = Chronic noncancer multipathway adjustment factor (if applicable) 

RELi = Chronic Reference Exposure Levels for each pollutant (!lgfm3) 

Note that a multipathway factor of 1.00 should be used for all compounds when 

calculating the noncancer chronic hazard index for the respiratory endpoint. 

The individual chronic hazard indices should be found for the appropriate toxicological 

endpoint to determine the total chronic hazard index. The individual hazard indices are 

summed for each endpoint to determine the maximum total chronic noncancer risk. 

However, as a first cut, if the sum of all HI's does not exceed 1, no further evaluation 

is necessary. 

6.6.3 Acute Noncancer Risk Calculation 

The total acute hazard index is calculated much the same as was the chronic. The total 

acute hazard index, however, is based on peak hourly emissions (lb/hr). As for the 

total chronic hazard index, the individual hazard index for each substance affecting the 

same toxicological endpoint is summed to determine the maximum total acute 

noncancer risk. 

The equation for calculating the total acute hazard index is: 

September 1996 27 

I 
Equation 6: Hlai = (X/Q * Qi)/(RELi) 

where, 

Hici = Individual chronic hazard index for each compound 

X/Q = Peak hourly concentration from SCREEN2 modeling based on 1 lb/hr 

emission rate (J.lg/m3)f(lb/hr) 

Qi = Peak hourly emission rate of each compound (lb/hr) 

RELi = Acute Reference Exposure Levels for each pollutant (J.lg/m3) 

Lead should be evaluated as a subchronic 30-day exposure. Districts may contact 

OEHHA for further information. 

Calculations may be facilitated by use of tables, either hardcopy or in a spreadsheet, 

similar to Tables 6 through 8. An example of use of this type of table is included in 

Appendix L, Tables L-6 through L-8. 

Within many districts, facilities with a total cancer risk of 10-5 or greater, or an acute 

or chronic hazard index (HI) greater than 1.0 at a residential (MEIR) or worker 

(MEIW) receptor are considered to pose a significant risk to those exposed. If the 

results of the scoping risk assessment yield a total cancer risk of 10-5 or greater or an 

acute or chronic hazard index (HI) greater than 1.0 at a residential (MEIR) or worker 

(MEIW) receptor values (or other significant levels as identified by the District), then a 

refined risk assessment should to be conducted for the facility under consideration. 

Since it was envisioned that districts would perform industrywide risk assessments, 

districts may need to conduct refined risk assessments for high risk facilities. 

6. 7 Sample Applications 

An example screening risk assessment has been prepared using the results from the 

dispersion modeling described above and preliminary estimates of toxic emission rates 

as surveyed for 39 auto bodyshops in an ABTF member District. This screening health 

risk assessment uses a generic approach. It combines the maximum dispersion factors 

as calculated with SCREEN2 using the "rural" mode for three release scenarios: 

1. The stack release scenario for the 25-foot stack and the 30 foot per second exit 

velocity. This resulted in the greatest impact (i.e., least dispersion) for the 

stack cases without obstruction to vertical flow. 

2. The stack release scenario for the 25-foot stack designed with a raincap. This 

resulted in the greatest impact for the stack cases with obstruction to vertical 

flow. 

September 1996 28 

I 
Table 6. Carcinogenic Risk Worksheet 

DIRECTIONS: 

1. Select source description scenario number {from Table below) which best fits facility exit characteristics: 

2. Select {circle) either Rural or Urban mode to fit locality: RURAL or URBAN 

3. Select X/Q values (below) for source description and mode. 

Source Description Max XJQ in lb/yr 

Stack Exit Rural Urban 

No. Height Vel. 

{feet) (fps) 

I 25 30 1.0E-03 1.1E-03 "'I 

L 30 30 3.8E-04 7.9E-04 

3 25 75 3.2E-04 5.2E-04 

4 30 75 1.8E-04 3.8E-04 

5 25 Raincap 1.5E-02 6.1E-03 

6 30 Raincap 6.5E-03 3.0E-03 

7 FugitivE' Fugitive 1.8E-01 1.3E-01 

4. Transfer appropriate XJQ values and emission rates into table below. 

5. Identify source as controlled or uncontrolled: CONTROLLED or UNCONTROLLED 

6. Multiply emission rate, XJQ, unit risk factor and multipathway factor (either controlled or uncontrolled) for each toxicant. 

Ust product as Individual Excess Cancer Risk. · 

7. Sum Individual Excess Cancer Risk for each toxicant and record in summation box. 

8. Compare sum to District's acceptable criteria. If this is exceeded, a refined risk assessment should be considered. 

TOXICITY DATA FOR CANCER EVALUATIONS 

CHEMICAL EMISSION XJQ PRELIM. 

CHEMICAL NAME ABSTRACT RATE {ug/m3 UNIT RISK POTENCY MULTIPATHWAY 

NUMBER {lb/yr) per FACTOR VALUE {1) FACTOR (2) 

lbtvr) (m113/ug) (m113/ug) CONTR 

CADMIUM AND COMPOUNDS 7440-43-9 4.2E-03 NA 1.00 

CHROMIUM (HEXAVALENn 18540-29-9 1.4E-01 NA 1.01 

LEAD AND COMPOUNDS 7439-92-1 1.2E-05 NA 1.00 

METHYLENE CHLORIDE 75-09-2 1.0E-06 NA 1.00 

NICKEL AND NICKEL COMPOUNDS 7440-02-0 2.6E-04 NA 1.00 

SUMMATION FOR ALL TOXICANTS 

NOTES: 

1. Preliminary potency values should be used at the discretion of the District. 

2. Multipathway factors are the ratio of the total risk to inhalation risk. These have been 

developed using HRA92, version 1.1, a multipathway exposure model developed jointly 

by the California Air Resources Board and the Office of Environmental Health Hazard 

Assessment Assumptions and parameters used to develop the the multipathway factors include: 

Emission rate = 1 g/s 

XJQ = 1 

Deposition velocity = 0.02 m/s for controlled sources and 0.05 m/s for 

uncontrolled sources 

70-year exposure 

Fraction of homegrown fruits and vegetables consumed= 10% 

UNCONTR 

1.00 

1.03 

1.00 

1.00 

1.00 

Pathways/sources include inhalation, ingestion of soil (pica), homegrown vegetables, 

mother's milk {for one year) and skin contact. 

References: CAPCOA 1993 and OEHHA, Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines Part 1: 

Evaluation of Acute Non-Cancer Health Effects, Draft for Public Comment, December 1994. 

September 1996 29 

I 

INDIV 

EXCESS 

CANCER 

RISK 
DIREcnONS: 

Table 7. Non-Cancer Chronic 

Health Hazard Index Worksheet 

1. Select source description scenario number (from Table below) which best fits facility exit characteristics: 

2. Select (circle) either Rural or Urban mode to fit locality: RURAL or URBAN 

3. Select XJQ values (below) for source description and mode. ---

Source Description Max XIQ in lb/vr 

Stack Exit Rural Urban 

No. Height Vel. 

(feet) (fps) 

1 25 30 1.0E-03 1.1E-03 

2 30 30 3.8E-04 7.9E-04 

3 25 75 3.2E-04 5.2E-04 

-4 30 75 1.8E-04 3.8E-04 

5 25 Raincao 1.5E-02 6.1E-03 

6 30 Raincap 6.5E-03 3.0E-03 

7 Fugitive Fugitive 1.8E-01 1.3E-01 

-4. Transfer appropriate XlQ values and emission rates into table below. 

5. Identify source as controlled or uncontrolled: CONTROLLED or UNCONTROLLED 

6. For each toxicant, multiply emission rate, XJQ, and multipathway factor (either controlled or uncontrolled). 

Divide that product by the REL for each toxicant Us! product as Chronic Health Hazard Index. 

7. Sum Hazard Index for each toxicant and record in summation box. 

8. Compare sum to District's acceptable criteria. If summation exceeds 1, sum individually 

for each toxic endpoint and record maximum endpoint and endpoint-specific HHI. 

If value exceeds 1, a refined risk assessment should be considered. 

TOXICITY DATA FOR NON-CANCER CHRONIC EVALUATIONS 

CHEMICAL EMISSION XIQ SYSTEM OR ORGAN EFFECTED 

CHEMICAL NAME ABSTRACT RATE (ug/m3 MULTIPATHWAY CV/ CNS/ IMMU KIDN Gil REPR 

NUMBER (lblyr) .:0 REL FACTOR(1) BL PNS LV 

I (ug/m"3l CONTR UNCONTR 

CADMIUM AND COMPOUNDS 7440-43-9 3.5E+OO 16.86 38.93 X 

CHROMIUM !HEXAVALENn 18540-29-9 2.0E-03 1.00 1.00 X X 

COPPER AND COMPOUNDS 7440-50-8 2.4E+OO 1.00 1.00 

ETHYLENE GLYCOL (MONO)- 111-76-2 2.0E+01 1.00 1.00 X 

BUTYL ETHER 

ETHYL BENZENE 100-41-4 1.0E+03 1.00 1.00 X 

LEAD AND COMPOUNDS 7439-92-1 1.5E+OO 1.00 1.00 X X X X X 

METHYL ETHYL KETONE 78-93-3 1.0E+03 1.00 1.00 X 

METHANOL 67-56-1 6.2E+02 1.00 1.00 X 

METHYLENE CHLORIDE 75-09-2 3.0E+03 1.00 1.00 X X 

NICKEL AND NICKEL COMPOUNDS 7440-02-0 2.4E-01 1.00 1.00 X X 

PROPYLENE GLYCOL (MONO) 107-98-2 2.0E+03 1.00 1.00 X 

METHYL ETHER 

STYRENE 100-42-5 7.0E+02 1.00 1.00 X 

!TOLUENE 108-88-3 2.0E+02 1.00 1.00 X X 

P<YLENES (M.O P ISOMERS) 1210 3.0E+02 1.00 1.00 X 

IZINC AND COMPOUNDS 7440-66-6 3.5E+01 1.00 1.00 X 

RESP 

X (2) 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

SUMMATION FOR ALL TOXICANTS 

NOTES: 

1. Multipathway factors are the ratio of the total risk to inhalation risk. These have been 

developed using HRA92, version 1.1, a multipa!hway exposure model developed jointly 

by the California Air Resources Board and the Office of Environmental Health Hazard 

Assessment Assumptions and parameters used to develop the the multipathway factors include: 

Emission rate = 1 gts 

XIQ = 1 

Deposition velocity= 0.02 mls for controlled sources and 0.05 m/s for 

uncontrolled sources 

70-year exposure 

Fraction of homegrown fruits and vegetables consumed = 1 O"'o 

Pathways/sources indude inhalation, ingestion of soil (pica), homegrown vegetables, 

mother's milk (for one year) and skin contact. 

2. A multipathway factor of 1. 00 should be used to calculate the non-cancer chronic hazard Index for the respiratory endpoint. 

References: CAPCOA 1993 and OEHHA, Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines Part 1: 

Evaluation of Acute Non-Cancer Health Effects, Draft for Public Comment, December 1994. 

September 1996 30 

PRIMARY TOXIC ENDPOINT 

I 

CHRONIC 

HEALTH 

HAZARD 

INDEX 
Table 8. Non-Cancer Acute 

Health Hazard Index Worksheet 

DIRECTIONS: 

1. Select source description scenario number (from Table below) which best fits facility exit characteristics: 

2. Select (circle) either Rural or Urban mode to fit locality: RURAL or URBAN 

3. Select XIQ values (below) for source description and mode .. 

Source Descriotion Max XJQ In lblhr Max X/Q In lb/mo 

Stack Exit Rural Urban Rural Urban 

No. Height Vel. 

(feet) (fps) 

1 25 30 110 122 0.046 0.051 

2 30 30 41 86 0.017 0.036 

3 25 75 35 58 0.014 0.024 

4 30 75 19 41 0.008 0.017 

5 25 Raincao 1603 667 0.667 0.278 

6 30 Raincao 711 324 0.296 0.135 

7 Fugitive Fugitive 19918 14626 8.287 6.085 

4. Transfer appropriate X/Q values and emission rates into table below. Use the monthly 

XIQ value and maximum monthly emission rate (lb/mo) for lead only. 

5. Identify source as controlled or uncontrolled: CONTROLLED or 

6. For each toxicant. multiply emission rate, and X/Q. Divide that product 

by the REL for each toxicant. Ust product as Acute Health Hazard Index. 

7. Sum Hazard Index for each toxicant and record In summation box. 

8. Compare sum to District's acceptable criteria. If summation exceeds 1. sum individually 

for each toxic endpoint and record maximum endpoint and endpoint-specific HHI. 

If value exceeds 1, a refined risk assessment should be considered. 

UNCONTROLLED 

EMISSION TOXICITY DATA FOR ACUTE EVALUATIONS 

CHEMICAL RATE XJQ TOXIC ENDPOINT OR TARGET ORGAN 

CHEMICAL NAME ABSTRACT (lblhr) (uglm3 ACUTE CNS/ IMMUN REPRO/ 

NUMBER (lblmo per REL PNS DEVL 

for lead) lblhr) j1Jg/m"3) 

COPPER AND COMPOUNDS 7440-50-8 1.0E+01 

£1.0E+21 

ETHYLENE GLYCOL 111-76-2 1.5E+03 X 

(MONO)BUTYL ETHER [5.5E+3] 

(BUTYL CELLOSOL VE, 

2-BUTOXYETHANOL} 

ISOPROPANOL 67-63-0 [4.9E+4} 

LEAD AND COMPOUNDS 7439-92-1 1.5 (2) X 

METHANOL 67-56-1 f2.8E+4l X 

METHYLENE CHLORIDE 75-09-2 3.5E+03 X 

£8.3E+41 

METHYL ETHYL KETONE 78-93-3 £1.2E+4l 

NICKEL AND NICKEL COMPOUNDS 7440-02-Q 1.0E+OO X 

£3.3E+01 

STYRENE 100-42-5 f2.2E+4] 

TOLUENE 108-88-3 £3.7E+41 

~YLENES (M,O,P ISOMERS) 1210 4.4E+03 

f2.2E+3J 

SUMMATION FOR ALL TOXICANTS 

PRIMARY TOXIC ENDPOINT 

NOTES: 

1. Values in brackets ( ) are proposed and are for informational purposes. Several of the revised 

acute RELs are higher than the previous values meaning that the acute HHI for the chemical will 

decrease. The numbers are not official until after Scientific Review Panel review and adoption by OEHHA. 

2. Lead should be evaluated as a sub-chronic or 3~ay exposure. 

References: CAPCOA 1993 and OEHHA, Air Taxies Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines 

Part 1: Evaluation of Acute Non-Cancer Health Effects, Draft for Public Comment, December 1994. 

September 1996 31 

RESP EYE 

X 

X 

X X 

X 

X X 

X 

X 

I 

ACUTE 

HEALTH 

HAZARD 

INDEX 
3. The fugitive release scenario. 

Not all toxicants expected to be emitted from auto bodyshop operations (Appendix C) 

were reported as emittants from these facilities. The annual average emission rate for 

each toxicant was estimated as the average of all facilities reporting emissions of that 

toxicant. The maximum hourly emission rate has been estimated as 10 times the annual 

average emission rate. Because of the rural nature of the locale, these facilities may be 

considered small auto bodyshops. There may be significantly greater emission rates in 

larger shops. 

Health risk estimates for the maximum exposed individual (MEl) for this screening 

example are summarized in Table 9. A more detailed table is provided in Appendix K. 

Hexavalent chromium was responsible for almost the entire cancer risk (99.5 percent) 

and chronic health hazard index (96 percent). Xylenes were responsible for 88 percent 

of the acute health hazard index. 

Table 9 

Summary of Maximum Results of Generic Risk Assessment for a Generic Auto 

Bodyshop (Rural Basis) 

Exit Scenario 

Stack Stack with No Booth 

Rain cap 

Individual Excess Cancer Risk per 18 270 3400 

million 

Chronic Health Hazard Index 0.07 1.0 12 

Acute Health Hazard Index 0.01 0.01 2.0 

A step-by-step, or "cookbook" approach for completion of a similar risk assessment is 

provided in Appendix L. 

These values can be compared to significance levels of each air district. Values which 

have been highlighted (bold) may be significant. 

6.8 Refined Health Risk Assessment and Special Applications 

The assumptions used in this industrywide assessment may not be appropriate for 

facilities other than typical automotive recoating facilities. This might include facilities 

September 1996 32 

I 
that coat vehicles other than cars and light trucks, such as construction equipment or 

buses. Specifically, the types of coatings used may differ significantly from the 

formulations assumed for the industrywide assessment. Also, due to the larger size of 

the equipment coated, the release characteristics may be different. For these types of 

facilities, source specific data should be used. 

The dispersion modeling addressed only simple terrain and ground level receptors. 

Additional site specific evaluation may be needed if there is complex terrain or elevated 

(flagpole) receptors near a facility. 

Additionally, if the scoping level health risk assessment indicates that emissions from 

the facility may result in a significant health risk (cancer risk of IQ-5 or greater or a 

chronic or acute HI of 1 or greater), the task force recommends that the health risk 

assessment be refined before the public is formally notified of the risk assessment 

results or before risk reduction measures are contemplated. Refinements could include 

using facility specific emissions data instead of the generic profiles, determining actual 

release parameters and receptor data, use of site specific pathway data, use of actual 

local meteorological data, and possibly an alternative air dispersion model. 

For details on performing a refined health risk assessment, consult the CAPCOA Air 

Toxics "Hot Spots" Program Risk Assessment Guidelines, October 1993. 

If a specific facility under review is sited in an area where nearby terrain features 

exceed the height of the stack, the models used in this study may not be applicable. A 

newly released model, ISCST3, designed for both flat and complex terrain applications 

may be more suitable. The SCREEN2 model may also be used with terrain 

adjustments. In either case site-specific terrain elevations must be input for use of the 

model in this mode. 

7.0 References 

California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA), Air Toxics "Hot 

Spots" Program Revised 1992 Risk Assessment Guidelines, October 1993. 

California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA), Facility 

Prioritization Guidelines, July 1990. 

Ranzieri, A., Modeling Support Section, Technical Support Division, California Air 

Resources Board, Memorandum to J. Brooks, April11, 1994. 

September 1996 33 

I 
I 

Appendices 

September 1996 
Appendix A- Glossary and Acronyms 

AB 2588 - The Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Information and Assessment Act of 1987 

(California Health and Safety Code Section 44300 et. seq.) 

ACE 2588 -Computer model used for AB 2588 Health Risk Assessments developed by 

the Santa Barbara Air Pollution Control District. It is a public-domain, multi-source, 

multi-pollutant, multi-pathway risk assessment model. It is consistent with the 

CAPCOA Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Program Risk Assessment Guidelines. 

Air Pollution Control Device - A device designed or used as a means of collecting, 

destroying, or collecting and removing airborne emissions from an emission source for 

subsequent release or treatment at another location. 

Antiglare/Safety Coating- A coating formulated to eliminate glare for safety purposes 

on interior surfaces of a vehicle and which shows a reflectance of 25 or less on a 600 

gloss meter. 

Building Down wash· - Aerodynamic turbulence induced by a nearby building that 

causes a pollutant emitted from an elevated source to be mixed rapidly toward the 

ground, resulting in higher ground level concentration immediately to the lee of the 

building than would otherwise occur. 

CAPCOA - California Air Pollution Control Officers Association 

CAPCOA Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Program Risk Assessment Guidelines- The most 

recent version of the guidelines for preparation of health risk assessments pursuant to 

California Health and Safety Code Section 44360(b)(1) that has been approved by 

CAPCOA. 

Capture Efficiency - The percentage, by weight, of the airborne emissions from an 

emission source or sources that is collected, contained, and conveyed to another 

location without loss of the airborne emissions. 

Control Efficiency - The percentage, by weight, of a toxic air contaminant entering a 

control device that is not emitted to the atmosphere. 

Controlled Coatings - Coatings formulated to comply with volatile organic compound 

requirements in district rules that are effective after January 1, 1995. 

Conventional (Air Atomized) Spray Application - Use of compressed air to atomize 

the coating into tiny droplets and to spray the coating onto the surface of the article to 

be coated. 

September 1996 A- 1 
Default Meteorology - The same as screening meteorology. 

Dispersion Model - A computer model using mathematical equations that represent the 

processes that occur when a facility releases a pollutant and also the movement of 

pollutants through the air. Factors such as distance from the ·source to exposed 

persons, wind speed and direction, and smokestack height affect these estimates. 

Dispersive Potential - The expected ability of a source, based on its unique exit 

characteristics, to disperse pollutants. 

Filters - Devices for collecting particulate matter exhausted from paint spray booths or 

prep stations before it is emitted to the ambient air. Dry filters can be divided into two 

types: pad type and baffle type. Baffle filters use baffle plates to force the air to 

change direction and to provide a surface for the particulate to adhere to. Pad type 

filters are usually a woven mesh through which air flow passes. The particulate is 

trapped on the fllters. 

Fugitive - A release that cannot be characterized as from a stack (see definition of 

stack). 

Hand Application Methods - The application of coatings by nonmechanical hand-held 

equipment including but not limited to paint brushes, hand rollers, caulking guns, 

trowels, spatulas, syringe daubers, rags, and sponges. 

Hazard Index - The hazard index is an expression of the potential noncancer adverse 

health effects from emissions from a facility. It is calculated by dividing the estimated 

exposure level of a toxic air contaminant by the Reference Exposure Level. The 

individual hazard indices for each substance affecting the same target organ are 

summed to determine the total hazard index for each target organ. 

Health Risk Assessment- Health Risk Assessment is a tool used in risk management. 

It is the process that scientists and government officials use to estimate the potential 

increased risk of health problems in people who are exposed to different amounts of 

toxic substances. A risk assessment for a toxic air pollutant combines results of studies 

on the health effects of various animal and human exposures to the pollutant with 

results of studies that estimate the level of people's exposures at different distances 

from the source of the pollutant. 

High-Volume, Low-Pressure Application (HVLP) - Spray equipment which uses a 

high volume of air delivered at pressures between 0.1 and 10 psig and which operates 

at a maximum fluid delivery pressure of 50 psig. 

September 1996 A-2 

I 
ISCST2 - Industrial Source Complex - Short Term dispersion model. A USEPA 

computer model for estimating ambient air concentrations assuming Gaussian diffusion. 

Lacquer - Coating composition which is based on synthetic film-forming material 

dissolved in organic solvent and which dries primarily by solvent evaporation. Typical 

lacquers include those based on nitrocellulose derivatives, vinyl resins, acrylic resins, 

etc. 

Latexes - Paint containing a stable aqueous dispersion of synthetic resin, produced by 

emulsion polymerization, as the principal constituent of the binder. 

Lifetime Excess Cancer Risk - The increased probability of contracting cancer, above 

background levels, due to emissions from a facility, over a 70 year lifetime exposure 

period. 

Listed Compound - Compound or class of compounds listed in Appendix A of the AB 

2588 Criteria and Guidelines Regulation pursuant to California Health and Safety Code 

Section 44321. 

Maximum Exposed Individual <MEn - The receptor location that receives the 

maximum exposure from an emission source, where homes, businesses, or other places 

where people spend time are or could be located, whether or not there is an actual 

receptor at the location. The MEl is generally located outside a facility's property line. 

The MEl can also be referred to as the Point of Maximum Impact (PMI). 

Metallic/Iridescent Topcoat - Any coating which contains more than 5 g/1 (0.042 

lb/ gal) of metal or iridescent particles, as identified on a technical or material safety 

data sheet, as applied, where such particles are visible in the dried film. 

Multi-Stage Topcoat System - A topcoat system composed of either a 

basecoat/clearcoat system (2 stage), or a basecoat/midcoat/clearcoat system (3-stage). 

Nitrocellulose - Another name for cellulose nitrate. The product obtained by treating 

cellulose with a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids. It is primarily used in the coatings 

industry as a base for lacquers. 

Overspray - The percent by weight of the solid material in a coating that does not 

remain on the surface of an object being coated, but is emitted into the ambient air. 

The percent overspray can be calculated by subtracting the transfer efficiency of the 

spray equipment from 100%. 

Prep Station - Any spraying area that meets the requirements for a "Limited Spraying 

·Area" from Section 45.207 of the Uniform Fire Code and that prevents the escape to 

September 1996 A-3 

I 
the atmosphere of overspray particulate using properly maintained filters and positive 

mechanical ventilation. 

Pretreatment Wash Primer- Any coating which contains a minimum of 0.5% acid, 

by weight, is necessary to provide surface etching, and is applied directly to bare metal 

surfaces to provide corrosion resistance and adhesion. 

Primer - Any coating which is applied prior to the application of a topcoat for the 

purpose of corrosion resistance and adhesion of the topcoat. 

Primer Sealer - Any coating applied prior to the application of a topcoat for the 

purpose of corrosion resistance and adhesion of the topcoat, color uniformity, and to 

promote the ability of an undercoat to resist penetration by the topcoat. 

Primer Surfacer - Any coating applied prior to the application of a topcoat for the 

purpose of corrosion resistance, adhesion of the topcoat, and which promotes a uniform 

surface by filling in surface imperfections. 

Rain Cap - A passive device or partial covering located at the exhaust of a ducting 

system used to deflect rain, snow, or other solid or liquid materials from entering the 

ducting system and obstructs the vertical flow of exhaust from the stack. 

Receptor - The theoretical or actual endpoint (usually given as a location) of an 

emission impact. 

Reference Exposure Level (REL) - An indication of potential adverse health effects. 

An REL is a concentration level or dose at or below which adverse health effects are 

not anticipated. RELs are generally based on the most sensitive adverse health effect 

reported in the medical and toxicological literature. Additionally, RELs are designed 

to protect the most sensitive individuals in the population by the inclusion of margins of 

safety. It should be noted that exceeding the REL does not automatically indicate a 

health impact. 

Relative Dispersion Factor- See X/Q. 

Representative Meteorology - At least one complete year of hourly meteorological 

data that is representative of the project site. Whether a data set is valid and 

representative of the project site should be determined with the reviewing agency 

before extensive modeling is performed. Representative data are designed to evaluate 

the maximum 1-hour concentration as well as longer term average concentrations up to 

one year (annual). 

SCREEN2- A screening level U.S. EPA dispersion model. 

September 1996 A-4 

I 
Screening Level Health Risk Assessment - A health risk assessment performed using 

a screening level dispersion model and other worst case assumptions to arrive at a 

conservative estimate of potential health risks. 

Screening Meteorology - A matrix of wind speed and stability class combinations 

which are designed to evaluate a wide range of meteorological conditions possible on a 

1-hour average basis. The intent is to model all wind speed and stability class 

combinations possible. In this manner, the worst-case meteorological condition should 

be evaluated and the maximum 1-hour concentration will be determined. The matrix of 

wind speed and stability class combinations may be found as inputs to the SCREEN2 

model. 

Sealer - Coating formulated for and applied to a substrate to prevent subsequent 

coatings from being absorbed by the substrate, or to prevent harm to subsequent 

coatings by materials in the substrate. 

Significant Health Risk - A health risk estimated through a health risk assessment and 

determined by a district to be significant pursuant to California Health and Safety Code 

Section 44362(b). 

Solvent - Liquid, usually volatile, which is used in the manufacture of paint to dissolve 

or disperse the fUm-forming constituents, and which evaporates during drying and 

therefore does not become a part or the dried film. Solvents are used to control the 

consistency and character of the finish and to regulate application properties. 

Specialty Coatings - Coatings which are necessary due to unusual and uncommon job 

performance requirements. these coatings include, buf are not limited to, weld-thru 

primers, adhesion promoters, uniform finish blenders, elastomeric materials, gloss 

promoters, gloss flatteners, bright metal trim repair, antiglare/safety coatings, impact 

resistant coatings, rubberized asphaltic underbody coatings, water hold-out coatings, 

and multicolor coatings that exhibit more than one color when applied from a single 

container. 

Spray Booth - Any power ventilated structure of varying dimensions and construction 

provided to enclose or accommodate a spraying operation and which meets the Uniform 

Fire Code. A spray booth shall confine and limit, by dry or wet filtration, the escape 

to the atmosphere of overspray particulate matter. 

Stack - A vertical pipe or flue that exhausts to the atmosphere. A stack can be 

characterized by a height, diameter, exhaust temperature, velocity, and flow rate. 

September 1996 A-5 

I 
Surfacer - Pigmen[ed composition for filling minor irregularities to obtain a smooth, 

uniform surface preparatory to applying finish coats; usually applied over a primer and 

sandpapered for smoothness. 

Top Coat - Any coating applied over a primer or an original OEM finish for the 

purpose of protec:tion or appearance. Either a basecoat/clearcoat system or a 3-stage 

coating system is considered jointly as a topcoat. 

Transfer Efficiency - The ratio of the weight of coating solids which adhere to the 

object being coated to the weight amount of coating solids used in the application 

process, expressed as a percentage. 

Uncontrolled Coatings - Coatings formulated to comply with volatile organic 

compound requirements in district rules that are effective prior to January 1, 1995. 

Undercoat- Any pretreatment wash primer, primer, primer surfacer, or primer sealer. 

Unit Risk Factor- The estimated probability of a person contracting cancer as a result 

of constant exposure to an ambient concentration of 1 )lg/m3 over a 70 year lifetime. 

The derivation of the carcinogenic unit risk factor takes into account the available 

information on pharmacokinetics, mechanism of carcinogenic action, and the effect of 

different models on low dose extrapolation. These values are generally the 95% upper 

confidence limit on risk; the actual excess cancer risks are not likely to be higher, and 

may be lower than those estimated using these procedures. 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) - Volatile organic compound means any 

compound containing at least one atom of carbon, except methane, carbon monoxide, 

carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, metallic carbides or carbonates, ammonium carbonate, 

1,1, !-trichloroethane, . methylene chloride, trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11), 

dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22), 

trifluoromethane (HCF-23), 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (CFC-113), 1,2-

dichloro-1, 1 ,2,2-tetra.flouroethane (CFC-114), chloropentafluoroethane (CFC-115), 

2,2-dichloro-1, 1, 1-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123), 2-chlorotetrafluorethane (HCFC-124), 

pentafluoroethane (HFC-125), 1,1,2,2-tetrafluorothane (HFC-134), 1,1,1,2-

tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a), 1, 1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC-14lb), 1-chloro1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b), 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFC-143a), 1,1-

difluoroethane (HFC-152a), and the following four classes of perfluorocarbon (PFC) 

compounds: 

1. cyclic, 'branched, or linear, completely fluorinated alkanes, 

2. cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated ethers with no unsaturations, 

3. cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated tertiary amines with no 

unsaturations, and 

September 1996 A-6 

I 
4. saturated perfluorocarbons containing sulfur with sulfur bonds only to carbon 

and fluorine. 

Waterbornes- Latex paints and paints containing water-soluble binders. 

Water Curtain - Devices for collecting particulate matter exhausted from paint spray 

booths or prep stat.lons before it is emitted to the ambient air. Water flows down a 

baffle plate which enhances the capture of particles and flow washes the particulate 

matter down to a circulating tank. 

Worst-case Meteorology - A particular meteorological scenario which refers to one 

wind speed, wind direction, ambient air temperature, stability class, and atmospheric 

mixing height, which results in the calculation of the maximum 1-hour concentration 

for a given release scenario. 

X/Q - A relative dispersion factor, i.e., the predicted concentration of a toxicant based 

on a unit emission rate of that toxicant. X/Q is usually expressed in units of !lgfm3 per 

g/s, and when multiplied by an emission rate in g/s yields a concentration in 11g/m3. 

September 1996 A-7 

I 
Appendix B - Flowchart 

Identify SUbject Facilities 

Send Questionnaires to Facilities 

calculate Eaissions Using Questionnaire Data and CARS Generic 

COat1119 Prof Ues 

calculate Priority Score 

Using Oefault Receptor Proxl•ity 

Refine Prioritization Using ~tual Receptor Proxt•ity 

Refine Release Paraaeters. 

Receptor Location. Meteorology, Etc. 

September 

Perf or• Refined Health Rlsk Assessaent 

Public Notification ReQuired Risk Reduction May Be Reoutred 

Send Eatsston Data 

to CARS 

1996 

No 

No 

No 

No 

No 

B- 1 

Send E•1ssion Data 

to CARS 

Send Eaission Data 

to CARB 

Send Eaission Data 

to CARB 

Send Eaission Data 

to CARS 

Send Eaisslon Data 

to CARS 

I 
(/l 

.g 

.-

~ 

3 

0" 

.., 

~ 

....... 

\0 

\0 

"' 

() 

I 

Appendix C - List of Compounds Addressed in Health Risk Assessment with Toxicity Values 

TOXICITY DATA FOR CANCER EVALUATIONS TOXICITY DATA FOR NON-CANCER CHRONIC EVALUATIONS TOXICITY DATA FOR ACUTE EVALUATIONS 

CHEMICAL PREUM. ORAL SYSTEM OR ORGAN EFFECTED TOXIC ENDPOINT OR TARGET ORGAN 

CHEMICAL NAME ABSTRACT UNIT RISK POTENC MULTIPATHWAY POTENCY MULTIPATHWAY cv CNSI IMMUN KIDN 

NUMBER FACTOR VALUE(1 FACTOR(2l VALUE(3) REL FACT~(2) BL PNS 

(orr'31ug) (orr'3/uQ) CONTR UNCONTR llmglkg-c!}.i (uglorr'3) CONTR UNCONTR 

CADMIUM AND COMPOUNDS 74-4G-43-9 4.2E~ NA 1.00 1.00 NA 3.5E+OO 16.86 38.93 X 

CHROMIUM (HEXAVALEtm 18540-29-9 1.4E-01 NA 1.01 1.03 0.42 2.0E-03 1.00 1.00 X 

COPPER AND COMPOUNDS 74-40-50-8 NA NA 1.00 1.00 2.4E+OO 1.00 1.00 

ETHYLBENZENE 10G-41-4 NA NA 1.00 1.00 1.0E+3)(7) 1.00 1.00 

ETHYLENE GLYCOL 111-76-2 NA NA 1.00 1.00 2.0E+01 1.00 1.00 

(MONO)BUTYL ETHER 

(BUTYL CELLOSOLVE. 

2-BUTOXYETHANOLl 

ETHYLENE GLYCOL (MONO)- NA NA 1.00 1.00 8.4E+01 1.00 1.00 

ETHYL ETHER ACETATE 

ISOPROPANOL 117-63-0 NA NA 1.00 1.00 NA 1.00 1.00 

LEAD AND COMPOUNDS 7439-92-1 1.2E-05 NA 1.00 1.00 NA 1.5E+OO 1.00 1.00 X X X X 

METHANOL 87-56-1 NA NA 1.00 1.00 6.2E+02 1.00 1.00 X 

METHYLENE CHLORIDE 75-09-2 1.0E-08 NA 1.00 1.00 3.0E+03 1.00 1.00 X 

METHYL ETHYL KETONE 78-93-3 NA NA 1.00 1.00 1.0E+3l 1.00 1.00 

METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 106-10-1 NA NA 1.00 1.00 NA 1.00 1.00 

NICKEL AND NICKEL COMPOUNDS 7440-02-0 2.6E-04 NA 1.00 1.00 2.4E-01 1.00 1.00 X X 

NA 

PROPYLENE GLYCOL 107-98-2 NA NA 1.00 1.00 (2.0E+3} 1.00 1.00 X 

MONOMETHYL ETHER 

STYRENE 10G-42-5 NA 5.7E-07 1.00 1.00 7.0E+02 1.00 1.00 

TOLUENE 106-88-3 NA NA 1.00 1.00 2.0E+02 1.00 1.00 X 

XYLENES (M,O,P ISOMERS) 1210 NA NA 1.00 1.00 3.0E+02 1.00 1.00 

ZINC AND COMPOUNDS ----- 7440-68-8 NA NA 1.00 1.00 3.5E+01 1.00 1.00 cl\_ - -'· 

NOTES: 

1. Preliminary potoncy values should be used at the discretion of the Dtslllcl 

2. Multipathway factors are the ratio of the Iotti risk to Inhalation risk. These have been developed using HRA92, version 1.1, a muftlpathway expoSWll model developed jolnUy 

by the California Air Resources Board and the Oflk:e of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment Assumptions and parameters used to develop the 

Emission rete • 1 g/s 

XIQ= 1 

Deposition veloCity • 0.02 m/s lor controHed sources and 0.05 m/s lor uncontroHed sources 

70-year exposure 

Fraction of homegrown fnoils and vegetables consumed • 10% 

Pathways/sources include inhalation, Ingestion of soH (plea), homegtown vegelables, mothe(s milk (lor ona yeai) and skin contact. 

3. Oral potency vllluas and oral RELs are used in the derivation of muhlpathway factors. 

4. A multipolhwlly fad or of 1.00 oohould be used to calculate the non-cancer clvonlc hazard Index for the respiratory andpolnt. 

5. NA • Not avaUoble. 

e. Values In brackots ( ) are proposed and are lor lnlormationat purpons. Several of the ravtsed llallt RELI are higher than the previous values meaning that the acute HHI 

lor the chemical w11 decrease. The numbers ora not official unlit aflar SclanUftc Review P-1 ravlaw and adoption by OEHHA. 

GIIREPR RESP ORAL ACUTE CNSI IMMUN REPRO RESP 

LV 1,:;~ REL PNS DEV'L 

(uglorr'3) 

X4 1.0E-03 NA 

X X S.OE-03 NA 

X 1.0E+01 X 

11.0E+:n_ 

X NA 

X X 1.5E+03 X X 

(5.5E+3) 

X X NA 

14.11E+4 X 

X 1.5 8 X 

(2.8E+4 X 

X 3.5E+03 X 

18.3E+41 

X 12E+4 X 

NA 

X 1.0E+OO X 

13.3E+OI . 

NA 

X (2.2E+4 X 

X IHE+.n X 

X X 4.4E+03 X 

12.2E+31 

X NA 

7. The 3 chemicals wtth voluas In brackots ( } oro eubjact to the Hot Spots Act and RELI lor them are being developed by OEHHA. The chronic RELI Nsled are USEPA Reference Concentrations (RIC). If any of th118 chamlcals drive the chronic Hazard 

Index in a screening risk assessment OEHHA stall should be consulted lor additional guidance. 

a. Lead should be evaluated as a sub-chronic or 30-day exposure. 

References: CAPCOA 1993 and OEHHA, Air Toxlcs Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment GuldeHna• Part 1: Evaluation of Acute Non-Cancer Health Eflacta, Draft lor Pubtk: Comment December 1994. 

EYE 

X 

X 
tJtJCIIUIA LJ vJ\nD IVIanuracturers ~urvey 

STATE OF CALIFORNIA PETE WILSON, Governo 

AIR RESOURCES BOARD 

2020 l STREET 

P.O. BOX 2815 

SACRAMENTO, CA 95812 

We are requesting your assistance in the development of an 

industry-wide emission inventory for automotive refinishing emissions in 

California pursuant to California's Air Taxies "Hot Spots" Information and 

Assessment Act of 1987. We are specifically requesting automotive coatings formulation data from manufacturers who sell coatings in California. These 

data will be used to develop an air taxies emission inventory under the 

guidance of a committee comprised of staffs of local air pollution control 

districts (coordinated by the California Air Pollution Officers Association, 

CAPCOA} and the Air Resources Board. 

The Hot Spots Act established a statewide program mandating an 

inventory of air taxies emissions from individual facilities. To reduce the 

time and effort required to comply with the reporting requirements, the Act 

allows local air districts to prepare "industry-wide" emission inventories 

and risk assessments for certain classes of small businesses, as long as 

specific conditions are met. Because the automotive refinishing industry consists mainly of small businesses which meet the conditions imposed by the· 

Act, with the assistance of coating manufacturers, the districts and the ARB-· 

are developing industry-wide emission inventory and risk assessment - · guidelines for the automotive refinishing industry. · .. -; ...... 

To establish a basis for the industry-wide inventory, and to eliminate 

duplicative requests to your company from vario'us districts,·we plan to 

. . . ~.-: CJ 

-·-( condense coating formulation data to create a database of the compositions ·-, 

of common automotive refinishing coatings products. These generic data will 

be supplied to local districts for this use in a survey of autobody shops in 

each air district. Business-es will be asked to report the volumes of 

coatings and solvents applied during the reporting year for a limited ·number 

of general product categories. 

The enclosed instructions indicate which data fields we are interested 

in and how to complete the data request. Richard Bode of my staff has been 

working with you and Jim Sell of the National Paints and Coatings 

Association to identify data fields and formats. We want to collect these 

data via spreadsheets. 

September 1996 D- 1 

I 
We ask that you provide the requested data by June 12, 1995, and send 

your completed diskette to: 

California Air Resources Board 

Attn: Richard Bode 

Technical Support Division 

P.O. Box 2815 

Sacramento, CA 95812-2815 

Thank you for your assistance with this data request. If you have any questions regarding this request, please contact Richard Bode, Manager of the 

Emissions Inventory Methods Section at (916) 322-3807. 

Enclosures 

cc: Richard Bode 

Jim Sell 

September 1996 

Sincerely, -

..__3~;( ____ _ 

Terry McGuire, Chief 

Technical Support Division 

V-2 

I 
SURVEY PACKET CONTENTS 

Gontents 

I. Manufacturer's Information I 

II. Instructions for Completing Survey 2 

III.· Definitions of Survey Terms 4 

IV. Example of Spreadsheet 7 

V. Disclosure of Public Records/Submissions of Confidential 

Data 10 

September 1996 D-3 
MANUFACTURER'S INFORMATION 

Pleas·e complete the information on this page, and return this page along with the completed survey diskette to: 

If you have questions, please call: 

California Air Resources Board 

P. 0. Box 2815 

Sacramento, CA 95812-2815 ~ttn: Richard Bode/TSD 

Richard Bode 

California Air Resources Board 

Phone: (916) 322-3807 

Fax: (916) 323-1075 

Company Name: __________________________________________________ __ 

Address: ----------------------------------------------------------------

Contact Person:----------------------------- Tit 1 e : __________________________ _ 

Phone: _______________________________ Date: ______________________ __ 

Type of Spreadsheet Program (ex. Quattro Pro)=-------------------------------

Format of data: ____________ Name of Data File: _________ _ 

Comments: -------------------------------------------------------

September 1996 D-4 
INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING AUTOBODY COATINGS 

MANUFACTURER'S SURVEY 

BACKGROUND: 

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) is requesting information on 

volatile organic compound (VOC) content, other organics-and toxic 

constituents in each of the listed categories of coatings used in the 

automotive refinishing industry in California. Please refer to the attached 

Definitions of Survey Terms for the definitions of the coating categories. The categories include: 

precoat 

pretreatment wash primer primer surfacer 

primer sealer 

lacquer 

metallic/iridescent topcoat single stage (monocoat) topcoat base coats 

clearcoats 

surface cleaners 

specialty coatings miscellaneous, specify - eg. excess amounts of mineral spirits and 

other thinners not included in the ready to spray products. 

Within each major catego.ry listed above, you may manufacture several 

subcategories of coatings based on different chemistries. Please refer to 

the attached Definitions of Survey Terms for the definitions of the coating subcategories. For example, you may manufacture both a solvent-borne and a 

waterborne primary sealer, or topcoats based on different polymers. If 

these subcategories differ greatly in VOC and toxic compound content, please 

report them separately. We have identified the following subcategories: 

solvent-borne 

water-borne 

South Coast only others, based on manufacturer's formulations 

To ensure that all types of products sold in California are . represented, we are requesting information for uncontrolled and controlled 

formulations. Uncontrolled formulations are coatings formulated for use in 

a district that does not have a regulation to limit the volatile organic compound (VOC) content. There are two types of controlled formulations: 

"pre-1995" which are coatings formulated to be compliant with. the VOC limits 

established before 1995 and "post 1995" which are coatings formulated to 

comply with the VOC limits effective after 1995. 

2 

September 1996 D-5 

I 
DATA FIELDS 

We understand that the product data will be based on ready to spray products as .defined in the attached Definitions of Survey Terms. You will 

be reporting all of the compounds that are in your coating products, therefore, we are not enclosing a list of substances compiled by ARB staff. 

Please list all formulations separately. Do not aggregate formulas of 

products containing metals with those products not containing metals. 

For·uncontrolled, controlled "pre-1995" and controlled •post-1995" formulations please enter the formulations for products in each coating 

category and subcategory. The following information should be provided: 

Stock. #\Item I - the number that is used (by t~~ manufacturer) to .identify a · unique coating. 

Trade Name - the common name of the coating listed an· the can. 

Sales Volume % - the percent sales volume that a particular coating sold in 

California represents of the total products sold in California. Please 

report this to the nearest half of a pe~cent. This data should be no 

older than 1994 and ideally is a projection of 1995 for each of the 

control categories. . 

Coating Weight - the weight of each coating in pounds per gallon to three 

significant figures (X.XX). 

Total VOC Content - the total VOC·content in pounds per gallon to three 

significant digits. 

Substance Name - the chemical name of the substance. Do not use brand names 

or combined compound names. Please list metals after the other 

substances as shown in the example spreadsheet on page 7. 

CAS I - Chemical Abstract Number of the substance. 

Substance % - the %weight of each compound. Include VOC's, other organics (e.g. 1,1,1-trichloroethane, methylene chloride) and taxies. Please 

report VOC's and other organics to 1% and taxies (e.g. metals) to 0.1%. 

We are specifically interested in hexavalent chromium compounds due to 

their high toxicity. For substances known to be present at levels 

lower than this, ind1cate VOC's· and other organics as "<1%" if <1% and 

>.1% and indicate taxies as "<0.1%" if <0.1 and >.01.~ Please·report data that is more accurate than these ranges if.it is readily available. 

We would like the data fields entered into your spreadsheet in the 

following order: stock number\item number, trade name, sales volume percent, coating weight, total VOC content, substance name, CAS number, and substance 

percent. Please refer to the example of the spreadsheet on page 7. Any spreadsheet program can be used. We can accept the data in most formats. 

However, we prefer that you submit your data in Quattro Pro format. Most 

spreadsheets can export data into a Quattro Pro format. 

3 

September 1996 D-6 

I 
DEFINITION OF SURVEY TERMS . 

California Air Resources Board -Automotive Refinishing Survey 

Antiglare/Safety Coating: A coating which minimizes light reflection for 

safety purposes. 

Basecoat: A pigmented topcoat which is the first topcoat applied as part of 

a multi-stage topcoat system. 

Clearcoat: A topcoat which contains no pigments or only transparent pigments and which is the final topcoat applied as a part of a multi-stage 

topcoat system. 

Controlled Coatings: Coatings formulated to comply with volatile organic compound (VOC) requirements in district rules. This category includes 

coatings formulated to comply with VOC limits established before 1995, as 

well as coatings formulated to comply with VOC limits set for 1995. 

Groundcoat: Porcelain enamel applied directly to the base metal to function 

as an intermediate layer between the metal and the cover coat. Report as 

basecoat. 

Lacquer: Coating composition which is based on synthetic thermoplastic film-forming material dissolved in organic solvent and which dries primarily by solvent evaporation. Typical lacquers include those based on 

nitrocellulose, other cellulose derivatives, vinyl resins, acrylic resins, 

etc. 

Latexes: Paint containing a stable aqueous dispersion of synthetic resin, 

produced by emulsion polymerization, as the principal constituent of the 

binder. 

Metallic/Iridescent Topcoat: Any coating which contains more than 5 g/1 (.04Z lb/gal) of metal or iridescent particles, as identified on a technical 

or material safety data sheet, as applied, where such particles are visible 

in the dried film. 

Midcoat: A semi-transparent topcoat which is the middle topcoat applied as 

part of a three-stage t"op~oat system. Report as basecoat. 

Miscellaneous, specify: A category to be used for products that do not fall 

into any of the other categories. For example, excess volumes of mineral 

spirits and other thinners not included in the ready to spray products. 

Monocoat: See Single-Stage Topcoat. 

Multi-Stage Topcoat System: A topcoat system composed of either a 

basecoat/clearcoat, a basecoat/midcoat/clearcoat, or a 

groundcoat/basecoat/midcoat/clearcoat. 

Nitrocellulose: Another name for cellulose nitrate. The product obtained 

by treating cellulose with a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids. It is 

primarily used in the coatings industry as a base for lacquers. 

September 1996 

4 

D-7 
. Precoat: Any coating which is applied to bare metal primarily to deactivate 

the metal surface prior to application of a subsequent water-base primer surfacer. 

Pretreatment Wash Primer: Any coating which contains a minimum of 0.5% 

acid by weight, is necessary to provide surface etching and is applied directly to bare metal surfaces to provide corrosion resistance and 

adhesion. 

Primer Sealer: Any coating applied prior to the application of a topcoat for the purpose of corrosion resistance, adhesion of the topcoat, color 

uniformity, and to promote the ability of an undercoat to resist penetration by the topcoat. 

Primer Surfacer: Any coating applied prior to ~he application of a topcoat for the purpose of corrosion resistance, adhesion of the topcoat, and which 

promotes a uniform surface by filling in.surface imperfections. 

Ready to Spray: Thinner and catalyst added by the end user according to 

manufacturer's instructions on coating container. 

Sealer: Coating formulated for and applied to a substrate to prevent subsequent coatings from being absorbed by the substrate, or to prevent harm 

to subsequent coatings by materials in the substrate. 

Single-Stage Topcoat: A coating that has the attributes of both a basecoat 

and a clearcoat; is applied as a single coating and is meant to be the last 

coat applied in a coating system. 

Solvent: Liquid, usually volatile, which is used .in the manufacture of 

paint to dissolve or disperse the film-forming constituents, and which 

evaporates during drying and therefore does not become a part of the dried 

film. Solvents are used to control the consistency and character of the 

finish and to regulate application properties. 

Solvent-borne: Coatings which contain .solvent as the carrier. 

South Coast only: Coatings that meet South Coast Rule 1151. 

Speciality Coatings: Unique coatings and compliant coatings with additives 

which are necessary due to unusual job.performance requirements. These 

coatings include, but are_not limited to weld~thru primers, adhesion 

promoters, uniform finish blenders, elastomeric materials, gloss flatteners, 

bright metal trim repair, and antiglare/safety coatings. · . . 

Surfacer: Pigmented composition for filling minor irregularities to·obtain 

a smooth, uniform surface preparatory to applying finish coats; usually applied over a primer and sandpapered for smoothness. 

Surface Cleaner: A solvent applied before undercoats or any other stages that is used to insure the surface is free of wax, dirt, or other 

contaminants. 

Top Coat: Is a coating applied over other coatings in a coating system; usually applied over a primer, undercoaters or surfacers; generally for the 

purpose of appearance, identification, or protection. 

September 1996 

5 

D-8 
Top Coat: Is a coating applied over other coatings in a coating system; usually applied over a primer, undercoaters or surfacers; generally for the 

purpose of appearance, identification, or protection. 

Uncontrolled Coatings: Coatings formulated for use in a district that do 

not have a regulation that limits the volatile organic compound (VOC) 

content of coatings used for automobile refinishing. 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC): Volatile organic compound means any compound containing at least one atom of carbon, except methane, carbon 

monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, metallic carbides ~r carbonates, 

ammonium carbonate, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, methylene chloride, 

'trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11), dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22), trifluoromethane (HCF-23) 7 

1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2,-trifluoroethane (CFC-11~), 

1,2~dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (CFC-114), chloropentafluoroethane (CFC-115}, 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane 

(HCFC-123), 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HCFC-124), pentafluoroethane (HFC-125), 1,1,2,2-tetrafluorethane (HFC-134), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane 

(HFC-134a), 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b), 1-chloro-1,1-

difluoroethane (HCFC-142b), 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFC-143a), _ 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a), and the following four classes of 

perfluorocarbon (PFC) compounds: 

(1) cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated alkanes; 

(2)- cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated eithers with 

no unsaturations; 

(3) cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated tertiary amines with no unsaturations, and, 

(4) saturated perfluorocarbons containing sulfur with sulfur bonds 

only to carbon and fluorine. 

Waterbornes: Latex paints and paints containing water-soluble binders or 

water-dispersed binder. 

September 1996 

6 

D-9 
I 

COATINGS 

Coating Category 

Subcategory 

PRECOAT 

Solvent-borne 

Substances 

VOC's 

Substance Name 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

OTHER ORGANICS 

1,1 1-trichloroethane 

methylene chloride 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

METALS 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx I 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

PRECOAT 

Solvent-borne 

Substances 

VOC's 

Substance Name 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

OTHER ORGANICS 

1 1 1-trichloroethane 

methYlene chloride 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

METALS 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

etc. 

September 

Stock #/Item # 

1120 

CAS# 

1125 

CAS# 

1996 

SPREADSHEET EXAMPLE 

Trade Name 

Xxxxx Yyyyy 

Substance% 

(weiahtl 

Yyyyy Z:z:zzz. 

Substance% 

{weight} 

-

AUTOBOOY PAINT MANUFACTURER'S SURVEY 

UNCONTROLLED FORMULATIONS - Projected 1995 SALES if possible 

Sales Volume % 

10.5 

50.0 

7 

D- 10 

I 

Coating Weight Total VOC Content 

lbs I aa lbs I ga 

6.01 3.02 

4.43 1.25 
COATINGS 

Coating Category Stock #/Item # 

Subcategory 

PRIMER SEALER 

Solvent-borne 

3142 

Substances 

VOC's 

Substance Name CAS# 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

OTHER ORGANICS 

1.1 1-trichloroethane 

methylene chloride 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

METALS 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

PRIMER SEALER 

Solvent-borne I 

3120 

Substances 

VOC's 

Substance Name CAS# 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

OTHER ORGANICS 

1 1 1-trichloroethane 

methylene chloride 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

METALS 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

I 

etc. 

September 1996 

Trade Name 

Aaaaa Bbbbbb 

Substance% 

(weiqht) 

I 

Ccccc Oddddd 

Substance% 

(weight) 

AUTOBOOY PAINT MANUFACTURER'S SURVEY 

CONTROLLED RPRE -1995"- PROJECTED 1995 SALES if possible 

Sales Volume % 

25.5 

30.0 

8 

D- 11 

Coatinq Weight 

lbs I qa 

5.55 

-

4.85 

Total VOC Content 

lbs I qa 

1.33 

215 

I 
AUTOBODY PAINT MANUFACTURER'S SURVEY 

CONTROLLED "POST - 1 995" • PROJECTED 1995 SALES If ooss 

COATINGS 

Coatino Cateoorv Stock #/Item # Trade Name Sales Volume % Coating Weight Total VOC Content 

Subcategory lbs I eta lbs I ga 

METALLIC TOPCOAT 

Solvent-borne 

4000 Winter Green 45.0 5.95 0.875 

Substances 

VOC's 

Substance Name CAS# Substance% 

(weioht) 

Xxxxxx: xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx: xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx I 

Xxxxxx: xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

OTHER ORGANICS I 

1 1 1-trichloroethane 

methviene chloride I 

Xxxxxx: xxxxxx 

METALS I 

Xxxxxx: xxxxxx I 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx I 

Xxxxxx: xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx: xxxxxx I 

Xxxxxx: xxxxxx I 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

METALUC TOPCOAT 

Solvent-borne I 

4002 Pearl Gamet 75.0 5.95 1.05 

Substances 

VOCs 

Substance Name CAS# Substance% 

(weioht) I 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx I 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx I 

Xxxxxx: xxxxxx I - I 

Xxxxxx XXX)OQ( 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx· 

OTHER ORGANICS 

1 1 1-trichloroethane 

methvlene chloride I 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx I 

METALS 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx I 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx I 

Xxxxxx xxxxxx 

I I 

etc. 

September 1996 
§ 90803 DARCLAYS CALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS Title 17 

(d) Exh disaict m:~.y recover :administntive costs to the disaict of col1-.:tiug the fees pursu:uu to these rcsul:~.tions. At the request of the St:atc 

a.rd, a district sh:ill provide to the St:ltc Do:ud. within 30 d:lys of the 

11:qUest, subsl:lllti:~.tion of adminiscr:uive costs. 

Non:: Aulhoricy cited: Scc:tions 39600, 39~1 a.nd 39612. Health a.nd Safety 

Code. Rcfemtcc: Scetioru 39002,39500, 39600 a.nd 39612. Health and Safety 

Code. 

HIS1"0RY 

I. New section filed 10-6-89; operative 11-5-a9 (Re~sta' 89, No • .C3). 

2. Amendment to subscctiom (c) and (d) filed :l-6-91; operative 3-6-91 pursuant 

toGovcmmcntCodc scetion 11346.2 ~gistcr9l,No. 1.C). 

3. Editorial ~ of printing error in subsection (a) (RegiSter 92, No. 2). 

f 90803. Failure of Facility to Pay Fees. 

In the event any disaict is unable to collect the assessed fcc from any 

source due to cb:cumstances beycod the coattol of the district, including 

but not limiccd to facility closure, emission qumtification caoa, orrcfusal of the operator to pay despite permit revocation and! or ocher enforcement action, such district shall notify the Executive OfflCcr of the State 

Board. For demonstrated good cause, the district may be relieved from 

that portion of the fees the district is 11:qUired to collect and remit to the 

state as set fonb in section 90800 or section 90800.1 or section 90800.2 

or section 90800.3 or section 90800.4orsection 90800.5. Nothing herein 

shall relieve the operator from any obligation to pa.y any fees assessed 

pursumt to this regulation. 

Non:: Aulhoritycitcd: Scc:t.ion 39600, 39601 and 39612. Health mel SafcryCodc. 

Rc!CI:CDCC: Scc:tioas 39002, 39SOO, 39600 and 39612. Hc.Uth mel S&!c:ty Code. 

HlsroRY 

I. New section filed 10-6-89; operative ll-5-a9 (Rcgista 89, No. .cJ). · 

2. Amc:Ddmcnt filed 3-6-91; opc:ntive 3-6-91 puauant to Govcmmcat Cede 

section 11346.2 (R.c;istcr91, No. 1.C). 

3. Amc::ldmcnt filed 9-18-91; opcntive 1o-t8-91 (Rcpsu:r 92. No. 2). 

\meadmcnt filed &-11-92; opc:ntive 9-lo-92(Rcgisu:r92, No. 33). 

..unendmcnt filed 6-15-93; opc:ntive·7-1-93 (Rqistcr 93, No. 25). 

6. Amcodtncnt filed 11-28-94; opcntive 12-28-94 ~g!sla 94, No • .CS). 

Subchapter 4. Disclosure of Public 

Records 

Article 1. General 

§ 91000. Scope and Purpose. 

This subchapter shall apply to all ~csts to the state board under the 

Califomia Public Records Act (Govcmmcnt Code Sections 6250 ctseq.) 

rex the disclosure of public I1:COttis ex for maintaining the coafidcntiality 

of data received by the state board. Written guidelines shall-govcm the 

intemal review of such requests. 

Non:: At:thority cited: Scctiom 39600 and 3~l(a), Health mel Safety Code. 

Rc!cteace: C.WContia Public: Rcc:ords N:l.. Olaptcr 3.5 (comm~ with Sec· 

cioa 6250), Division 7, Govc:mmcnt Code. 

HlsroltY 

1. New Subchapter 4 (Scc:tioas 91000 lhrcu~ 91022. aot coasccutive) filed 

l-26-73; cfi'cc:tive lhinlc:th day lher=ftcr ~psu:r 73, No • .c). 

2. Amendment fUcd 9-2&-73; cffcc:tive thirtieth d.ay lhc:ia!tcr (Rc;isu:r 73. No. 

39). 

3. Amendment oC NOTE falcd 3-1 &-77; effcc:tive thirUeth d.ay lbc:teaftcr (Rc:;is· 

tcr 77, No. 12). 

.C. Rcpalcrandncw section filed to-5-al; effective thinicthd.aythcrcaftcr(Rcg· 

isu:r 82. No. 41). 

• q1001. Disclosure Polley. 

.tis the policy of the state bo:ud ch:~.t :ill records Dot exempted from disclosure by state l:~.w sh:lll be open forpublic inspection with the le:&St pos· 

siblc dcl:~.y and expense to the requesting puty. .... . --. -· .·. .. . . 

September 1996 

IIJSTOI!.Y 

l. Amendment fa.lcd 9-28-73; cCfeetive lhinicth .Uy lhcrca.Ctcr ~r;istcr 73, No. 

39). 

2. Amendment and new NOTE fLied 3-18-77; effective lhinicth .Uy thc:rca.{u:r 

(Rcr;istcr77, No. 12). 

3. Rcp=leund new section fLied to-5-82; eCfcc:tive thirtieth .Uy thc:rca.ftc:r~g· 

istcr 82, No. 41). 

Article 2- Board's Requests for Information 

§ 91010. Request Procedure. 

The state baud shall give notice to any pcaon from whom it requests 

information that the information provided may be released ( 1) to the public upon request, except trade secrets which arc not emission data or other 

information which is exempt from disclosure or the disclosure of which 

is prohibited by law, and (2) to the federal Environmental Protection 

Agency, which protects trade secrets as provided iu Section 114(c) of the 

CC:lllAirActand amendments thcrcto(42 USC7401 etseq.) and in fed· 

cral regulations. 

Non:: Authority cited: Sections 39600, 39601 and 39602. Health and Safety 

Code. Rc!crcncc: Scctiom 39701, .CISlO. 41Sll, .C!Sl2 and .C270S, Health and 

Sa!ety Code; and Section 6253, Govcmmcnt Code. 

HlsroRY 

I. Amcadmcnt oC subscctioas (a) and (b) fiL:d 9-28-73: effective rhi.nicth !Uy 

lhcn:&ftcr (Register 73, No. 39). 

2. Amendment of subs.c:ctioa (a), (b) and (e), and acw NOTE. !ilcd3-18-77; cf. 

!oc:tive lhirticth .Uy thereafter (Register 77, No. 12). 

3. Amendment filed to-5-82; effcc:tive thinicdl d.ty thcrcUu:r ~;in=r 82. No. 

41). 

4. Editorial oom:ction .filed S--7~4; effective rhi.nicth d.ty tbe=fu:r~gisu:r 84, 

No.l9). 

§ 91011. Submissions of Confidential Data. 

MY person submitting to the state board any records containing data 

cbimed to be .. trade secret" or otherwise exempt from disclosure under 

Govcmmcnt Code Section 6254 or 6254.7 or under other applicable provisions of law shall. at the time of submission. identify in writing the por· 

tioas of the records containing such data as .. coafidcntial" and sh:ill provide the name, address and telephone !lWl1bcr of the individual to be 

coa.tactcd if the sta.tc board receives a request for disclosure of or seeks 

to disclose the data claimed to be coafidcntial. Emission data shall not be 

identified as confidential. The state boa.."Ci shall not disclose data identified as confidential. except in &CGotdmce with the requirements of this 

subchapter or Section 39660(e) of the Health and Safety Code. · 

NoTE: Authority cited: scc:tiOas 39600 and 39~ 1. He:lth and SafcryCodc. Refer· 

cnce: Scc:tioas39660,39701, 41500,41511 • .c1s12 and mos. Hwch a.ndSzfecy 

Code: Scc:tioas 6253, 6254 and 6254.7, Oovcnuncnt Code: /ltZtllral Rut~urces 

Defense Cumcil T. EP!.. 489 F.2d 390 (Sth Clr. 1974) (6 ERC 1248); llt~rrhem 

Cdift~mi.tiPt~IU:~PractU:a Praj«tv. Crczit(l979)90Cal.App.Jd ll6; Uribt:v. 

Hawk (1971) 19 Cd.App.3d 194. 

HisTORY 

1. New scc:Uon filed 1 0-5-82; cffcctiTe ihinicth d.ay therc=ftcr (Rqisu:r 82. No. 

41). Fochisr.ocy oCCormcr scc:tioa. sec: Rcgistcr73, No. 39. 

2. Amcadmcnt filed 7-lo-34; cffcctiTe thirtieth .Uy thcrcUu:r (R.cgistcr 84. No. 

28). 

Article 3. Inspection of Public Records 

§ 91020. Disclosure Polley. 

HisTORY 

1. Rcpca1c:rfilcd to-5-32; effoc:tive thirtiethci.sy thcn:::litcr(Regisu:r 82.No. 41 ) • 

§ 91021. Disclosure Procedure. 

Nom Auchority cited: Scc:tion 39601. Hwth mel Safety axle:. Reference: Sec:· 

tiocu: 625~257, Govcmmcnt Code • 

fiJSTORY 

l. Amendment o( subsections (c) and (d){J) filed 9-28-73; dfcctive thirtic:VI dsy 

thcn:aftcr (R.cpsu:r 73, No. J9). 

., a--...1-- ..... -- NI'\'M= r.t...t '\-1&-77~ df~tive th.irticth d.tv th=ftc:r 

D- 13 
TiUc 17 Air Resources Board •§ 91100 

f 91022. Dlsclosuro of Conflden U~l Dab. 

(a) This section sh:ill apply to all cbu in the custody of the sute board 

(1) designaccd '"trade secret" prior to the adoption of this subchapter, 

(2) coasidercd by the state board or id.cntificd by the person who sub· 

mitccd the data as confidential pursua.at to this subchapter, or 

(3) received from a fcdcn.l, state or local agency, including an air pol· 

lution coattol district, with a confidential daisnation, subject to the fol· 

lowing exceptioas: . 

(A) Except for the time limits specif~<::illy provided in subsection (b). 

oalysubsectioas (c) and (d) of this section shall apply to information submitted pursuant to Health and Safety Code Scctioa 39660(e). 

(B) Appropriate portioas of an appli~oa for approval. accreditation, 

orcettif1C&tion of a. motorvehicle emissioa conttol device or system sh:ill 

be kepteoafidential ':'Otil such time as the approval. accreditation, orcer· 

tificatioais granted. at which time the application(exceptfortradesecret 

data) shall become a. public record. except that estimateS of sales volume 

of new model vehicles contained in an application shall be kept confidential for the model yeu. and then shall become public recotds. If an appli· 

cati011 is denied, it shall continue to be confidential but shall be subject 

to the provisioas of this section. 

(C) If disclosure of data obtained after August 9. 1984 from .a state or 

local agency subject to the provisions of the Public Recotds Act is sou ghc. 

the state board shall request that the agency which provided the data detctmine whether it is conftdential. The state board shall request that it be 

notified of the agency's determination within ten days. The state boud 

shall not release the data if the agency determines that it is confidential 

and so notifia the state board; provided, however, that the data may be 

released with the consent of the person who submitted it to the agency 

from which it was obtained by the state board. 

(b) U poa receipt of a request from a member of the public that the state 

board disclose data. claimed to be confidential or if the state boud itself 

seeks to disclose such data., the state board shall infocn the individual 

designated puaumt to Secti011 91011 by telephone and by mail that disclosure of the data. is sought. The pers011 claiming confidentiality sb:ill 

rue with the state board documentation in support of the claim of coafidcntiaiity. The documentation must be received within five (S)days from 

the dar.c of the teleph011e contact or of receipt of the mailed notice, whicheverfustoccurs.In the case ofinfocma.tion submiaed pursuant to Health 

and Safety Code Section 39660( e), the documentation must be received· 

within 30 days of the date notice was mailed puiSUant to that section. The 

dea.dlines forfil.ing the documentation may be extended by the state boud 

upoa a showing of good cause made within the deadline specified for receipt of the documcnutioa. 

(c) The documenwioa. submitted in support of the claim of confidentiality shall include the following infocma.tion: 

(1) the statUtocy provision(s) under which the claim of confidentiality 

is asserted: 

(2) a specific description of the cbta claimed to be entided to coafidential treatment: 

(3) the period of time -for which confidential treatment is requested: 

( 4) the extent to which the data ha.s been disclosed to others and whether its confidentiality has been maintained or its release restricted: 

(S) confidentiality detetminalions. if my, m:lde by other public agencies as to all or pan of the data md :r. copy of my such detetmin:r.tioas, 

if av:illable; and 

(6) whether it is asserted that the data is used to fabric:r.te, produce. or 

compound m article of tr.Jdc or to provide :r. service and that the disclosure of the dat:r. would result in harmful effects on the person's competitive position. and. if so. the narure and extent of such anticipated h:umful 

effects. 

(d) Documentation, as specified in subsection (c). in support of a cl:r.im 

o( coofidentiality may be submitted to tlte st:r.tc bo:ud priorto the time Uis- . . . 

of th:r.t date if lhe state board dcteroiincs that there arc unusu:11 circumst:mces .u dcfmcd in Govcmmcnt Code Section 6256.1, review the request, if any. and supporting documentation. if received within the time 

limits specified in subsection (b) above, including any extension granted. 

and determine whether the dat:r. is entitled to confidential treatment pursuant to Govemmcnt Code Section 6254, 6255 or 6254.7 or other applicable provisions of law and shall either: 

(1) decline to disclose the data and. if a request w.u received, provide 

to the person malcing the request and to the person claiming the data is 

confidential :r.pstification for the determination pursuant to Govemment 

Code Section 6255; or 

(2) provide written notice to the person claiming the data is confidentialand. if a request was received, to the person requesting the data that 

it has determined that the data is subject to disclosure, that it proposes to 

disclose the da1:l, and that the data shall be released 21 days after receipt 

of the notice by tlie person claiming confidentiality, unless the state baud 

is restrained from so doing by a court of competent jurisdiction. The state 

board shall release the data in accotdaace with the terms. of the notice unless s0 restrained. 

(f) Should judicial review be sought of a determination issued in accordance with subsection (e), either the persoa requesting data. or the person 

claiming confidentiality, as appropriate, may be made a party to the litigation to justify the determ.inatioa. 

NoT£: Authority ciced: Section 3960 I, Hc.Uth and Safety Code. R.efett:nc:::: Sections 62.53,62.54, 62.54. 7, 6255,62.56, 6256.1,6258 and 6259, Govc:mncnt Code. 

Hls'TORY . 

1. A.mcudmcnt of subsections (a) and (b) filed 9-28-73; effective lhirtict.b «Uy 

IIJc:r=.ftcr (Rqista 73, No. 39). 

2. Amendment and new NOTE filed 3-18-77; effective thirtieth day thc:rcmer 

(R.egistcr 77, No. 12). 

3. Amendme:lt fiL-d 1 o-~2; effective thirtieth day thcremcr {R.t:gist= 82. No. 

41). 

4. &fitarizl~on of sab=:tioo(a) flled5-7-84; c!!cctive tbirtiedl «Uy there· 

alter {R.t:gistcr 84, No. 19). 

S. }.mcndmcot filed 7-10-84; effective thirtieth «Uy there:fter {RI:gista" 84, No. 

28). 

Subchapter 5. Emission Data, Sampling, 

and Credentials for Entry 

Article 1. Determination of Emissions 

f 91100. Emission Data and Sampling Access. 

The Executive Officer of the Air Resources Board (State Board) or his 

orhenuthorized representative may, upoa reasonable written notice, require the owner or operator of any substance, anicle, machine. equipment. or other connivance, the usc of which may cause the issuance of 

air contaminants, or the use of which may eliminate, reduce orcoatrol the 

issuance of air contaminants, to: 

(a) Provide the State Board with descriptions ofb.uic equipment. conttol equipment and r:lli:;S of emissions. Where this infocnation does not 

providesufficientdatafortheStateBoardtocarryoutthepurposesofDi· 

vision 26 of the Health and Safety Code. or where such info!Illation is in 

question. the Executive Officer or his or her authorized representative 

may n:quirc such other additional information a.s may be nccess:r.ry. including process and production data. techniques and now diagr.uns. 

· (b) Provide sampling platforms. sampling pons . .md m~ of access 

to sampling locations. 

(c) Provide and maintain sampling md moa.itoring appar.1rus to mc:tsurc emissions or air cont:un.inants when the E:tccutive Officer or his or 

berauthorir.cd n:prcsrotative h.u determined tbat such appar.1rus is "v:r.ilSeptember 1996 D- 14 
Appendix E 

Estimation of Generic Automotive Coating Formulation 

Generic coating formulations were calculated for each coating type (e.g., clearcoats) for 

each automotive coatings manufacturer. The generic coating formulations represent average air 

taxies composition for .each coating type. The generic coating formulations were calculated 

based on specific substance compositions for each coating product within a coating type and 

weighted based on each manufacturers percentage of sales from each coating product. They 

therefore represent sales-weighted average compositions. Data were obtained from a survey of 

six automotive coatings manufacturers for formulation data for each of their automotive coating 

products (See survey letter, Appendix D). PPG's data was not sales weighted, but was averaged 

using the statistical mean of the data for each category. 

The sales weighted average compositions can be used to estimate the weighted average 

uncontrolled emissions for the ready to spray formulation for each substance in units of pounds 

per coating type. For example, to estimate the toluene emissions from the Ubreakem Wefixem 

Body Shop using Paint The World's clearcoats, first obtain the number of gallons of clearcoats 

that Ubreakem Wefzxem Body Shop used in 1995. From the generic formulation table for 

clearcoats of the Paint The World, obtain the weighed average substance composition for 

toluene. Multiply the number of gallons of clearcoats sprayed by the weighted average substance 

composition for toluene (lb per gallon) to obtain the toluene emissions in pounds (See example 

below). 

Example: 

PR = The number of gallons of clearcoats = 1 00 gallons/year 

W ASCtoluene =The weighted average substance composition factor= 0.50 lb/gallon 

Etoluene = PR X W ASCtoluene 

= 100 gallon/year x 0.50 lb/gallon 

=50 lb/year 

MANUFACTURER : PAINT TIIE WORLD 

CATEGORY: Clearcoats 

YEAR: 1995 

TOXlc 10 (CAS) INGREDIENTS 

100414 Etllylbenzene 

107982 Propylene Glycol Methyl E!her 

108101 Methyl Isobutyl Ketene 

108656 Propylene Glycol Monomethyl E!her Acetate 

108883 Toluene 

112072 Etl'lylene Glycol Monobutyl E!her Acet:rte 

67561 Methyl Alcohol 

67630 Isopropyl Alcohol 

67641 Acetone 

78933 Methyl Etl'lyl Ketene 

September 1996 E- 1 

VVt. Ave (lbJgal) 

0.32 

0.04 

0.21 

0.89 

0.38 

0.15 

0.18 

0.80 

1.26 

0.26 

I 
Manufacturer : Dupont Appendix E 

Category : Pretreatment Wash Primers 

Year: 1995 

Chromium Formulation 

Toxic 10 (CAS) Ingredients 

67561 Methyl Alcohol 

67630 Isopropyl Alcohol 

67641 Acetone 

108101 Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 

108656 Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate 

108883 Toluene 

13530659 Zinc Chromate 

Manufacturer : Dupont 

Category : Metal Treatments 

Year: 1995 

Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

0.13 

0.63 

1.07 

0.13 

0.38 

0.57 

0.06 

Toxic 10 (CAS) Ingredients Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

67630 Isopropyl Alcohol 3.33 

111762 Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether 0.59 

Appendix E Manufacturer : Dupont 

Category : Precoat 

No Chromium Formulation 

Year: 1995 

Toxic ID (CAS) Ingredients 

67561 Methyl Alcohol 

67630 Isopropyl Alcohol 

67641 Acetone 

78933 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 

107982 Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether 

108101 Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 

108656 Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate 

108883 Toluene 

112072 Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether Acetate 

September 1 996 E-2 

Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

0.10 

0.47 

0.37 

0.52 

0.16 

0.21 

0.21 

0.63 

0.10 

I 
Manufacturer : Dupont 

Category : Precoat 

Appendix E 

Chromium Formulation 

Year: 1995 

Toxic ID (CAS) Ingredients Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

67630 Isopropyl Alcohol 

67641 Acetone 

107982 Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether 

108883 Toluene 

1314132 Zinc Oxide 

1330207 Xylene 

13530659 Zinc Chromate 

Manufacturer: Dupont 

Category : Primer Surfacer 

Year: 1995 

Appendix E 

0.37 

0.10 

0.63 

0.26 

0.10 

2.35 

0.58 

No Lead No Chromium Formulation 

Toxic ID (CAS) Ingredients 

78933 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 

112072 Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether Acetate 

1330207 Xylene 

7440666 Zinc Molybdate And Zinc Oxide 

Manufacturer : Dupont 

Category : Primer-Sealers 

Year: 1995 

Appendix E 

Lead Formulation 

Toxic ID (CAS) Ingredients 

1314132 Zinc Oxide 

1330207 Xylene 

61790145 Lead Napthenate 

Appendix E 

Wt Ave (lb/gal) 

0.13 

0.10 

0.08 

0.05 

Wt. Ave (lb/gal). 

0.36 

1.62 

0.04 

Manufacturer : Dupont 

Category: Primer-Sealers 

Year: 1995 

No Lead or Chromium Formulation 

Toxic ID (CAS) Ingredients I Wt. Ave (lb/gal). 

67561 Methyl Alcohol 0.23 

67630 Isopropyl Alcohol 0.55 

67641 Acetone 0.96 

78933 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 0.35 

108656 Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate 0.12 

108883 Toluene 1.16 

September 1 996 E- 3 
Manufacturer : Dupont Appendix E 

Category : Single Stage Topcoats 

Year: 1995 No Lead No Chromium Formulation 

Toxic ID (CAS) Ingredients Wt Ave (lb/gal) 

67630 Isopropyl Alcohol 0.23 

67641 Acetone 0.10 

78933 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 0.11 

108883 Toluene 0.38 

112072 Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether Acetate 0.10 

1330207 Xylene 0.74 

Appendix E Manufacturer : Dupont 

Category: Single Stage Topcoats 

Year: 1995 Lead & Chromium Formulation 

Toxic 10 (CAS) Ingredients Wt Ave (lb/gal) 

78933 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 0.17 

108656 Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate 0.21 

112072 Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether Acetate 0.00 

1330207 Xylene 0.25 

12656858 Lead Chromate Mglybdate 0.36 

18454121 Lead Chromate 0.42 

Appendix E Manufacturer : Dupont 

Category : Multistage Topcoats 

Year: 1995 No Lead No Chromium Formulation 

Toxic ID (CAS) Ingredients wt Ave (lb/gal) 

67630 Isopropyl Alcohol 0.32 

67641 Acetone 0.65 

78933 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 0.21 

108101 Methyol Isobutyl Ketone 0.18 

108656 Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate 0.95 

108883 Toluene 0.66 

112072 Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether Acetate 0.12 

1330207 Xylene 0.68 

September 1996 E-4 

I 
Manufacturer : Dupont 

Category : Multistage Topcoats 

Year: 1995 

Lead & Chromium Formulation 

Toxic ID (CAS)i Ingredients Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

67630 Isopropyl Alcohol 0.29 

67641 Acetone 0.43 

78933 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 0.20 

108101 Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 0.55 

108656 Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate 0.26 

108883 Toluene 0.37 

112072 Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether Acetate 0.25 

1330207 Xylene 0.36 

12656858 Lead Chromate Molybdate 0.64 

18454121 Lead Chromate 0.20 

61790145 Lead Napthenate 0.00 

Appendix E Manufacturer : Dupont 

Category : Clearcoats 

Year: 1995 No Lead No Chromium Formulation 

Toxic ID (CAS) Ingredients 

67561 Methyl Alcohol 

67630 Isopropyl Alcohol 

67641 Acetone 

78933 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 

100414 Ethylbenzene 

107982 Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether 

108101 Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 

108656 Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate 

108883 Toluene 

112072 Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether Acetate 

1330207 .. Xylene 

Manufacturer : Dupont 

Category : Solvent Cleaners 

Year: 1995 

Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

0.14 

0.60 

0.95 

0.26 

0.30 

0.09 

0.22 

0.78 

0.34 

0.15 

0.70 

Toxic ID (CAS) I Ingredients Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

676301 Isopropyl Alcohol 

67641 Acetone 

108883 Toluene 

Manufacturer : Dupont 

Category : Waterborne Cleaners 

Year: 1995 

Toxic ID (CAS) Ingredients 

0.59 

1.98 

0.95 

Aliphatic Hydrocarbon/Aliphatic Ester/Surfactant 

Aliphatic Solvent Mixture 

Water 

September 1996 E-5 

Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

0.02 

0.04 

0.49 

I 
Manufacturer : Nason 

Category : Pretreatment Wash Primer 

Year: 1995 

Toxic 10 (CAS) Ingredient 

78933 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 

108101 Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 

13530659 Zinc Chromate 

Manufacturer : Nason 

Category : Precoats 

Year: 1995 

Toxic 10 (CAS) Ingredient 

67630 Isopropyl Alcohol 

67641 Acetone 

78933 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 

108883 

1330207 

Manufacturer : Nason 

Category : Primers 

Year: 1995 

Toxic 

Toluene 

Xylene 

Ingredient 

Appendix E 

Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

1.02 

0.42 

0.36 

Appendix E 

Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

.14 

.29 

.58 

.38 

.19 

Appendix E 

Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

67630 Isopropyl Alcohol 0.14 

78933 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 

107982 Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether 

108656 

108883 

Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate 

1330207 

Manufacturer : Nason 

Category : Sealers 

Year: 1995 

Toluene 

Xylene 

Appendix E 

0.16 

0.58 

0.24 

0.20 

0.10 

Toxic 10 (CAS) Ingredient Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

67630 Isopropyl Alcohol 0.21 

108101 Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 0.39 

108883 Toluene 0.26 

1330207 Xylene 0.10 

September 1 996 E-6 

I 
Manufacturer : Nason 

Category : Single Stage Topcoats 

Year: 1995 

Toxic ID (CAS) Ingredient 

Appendix E 

67630 Isopropyl Alcohol 

67641 Acetone 

78933 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 

108656 Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate 

108883 Toluene 

112072 Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether Acetate 

1330207 Xylene 

Manufacturer : Nason 

Category : Clear 

Year: 1995 

Appendix E 

Toxic ID (CAS) Ingredient 

108101 . Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 

108656 Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether Acetate 

1330207 Xylene 

September 1996 E-7 

Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

0.10 

0.13 

0.07 

0.07 

0.14 

0.10 

0.08 

wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

0.66 

0.22 

0.22 
Manufacturer : Sherwin Williams 

Category : Pretreatment 

Toxic 10 (CAS) I Ingredient 

111762 2 butoxyethanol 

67630 2 propanol 

111762 2butoxyethanol 

112072 2butoxyethyl acetate 

67641 acetone 

100414 ethylbenzene 

67561 methanol 

78933 methyl ethyl ketone 

108101 methyl isobutyl ketone 

108883 toluene 

7440666 zinc compounds 

Manufacturer : Sherwin Williams 

Category : Precoat 

Appendix E 

Chromium Formulation 

Toxic 10 (CAS) Ingredient wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

112072 2 butoxyethyl acetate 

18540299 chromium compounds 

100414 ethyl benzene 

78933 methyl ethyl ketone 

108101 methyl isobutyl ketone 

7789062 strontium chromate 

1330207 xylene 

Manufacturer: Sherwin Wilfl8ms 

Category : Precoat 

0.10 

0.05 

0.14 

0.14 

0.48 

0.24 

0.72 

Appendix E 

Toxic 10 (CAS) Ingredient wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

108656 1 methoxy 2 propanol acetate 

111762 2 butoxyettianol 

67630 2 propanol 

100414 ethyl benzene 

78933 methyl ethyl ketone 

108101 methyl isobutyl ketone 

108883 toluene 

1330207 xylene 

7440666 zinc compounds 

Manufacturer : Sherwin Williams 

Category : Primer Sealers 

Toxic 10 (CAS) Ingredient 

0.10 

0.10 

0.24 

0.08 

0.19 

0.36 

0.91 

0.43 

0.29 

108656 1 methoxy 2 propanol acetate 

112072 2 butoxyethyl acetate 

67630 2-propanol 

67641 acetone 

18540299 chromium compounds 

100414 ethylbenzene 

78933 methyl ethyl ketone 

108101 methyl isobutyl ketone 

108883 toluene 

7440666 zinc compounds 

September 1996 E-8 

: 

I 

Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

0.32 

1.79 

0.29 

0.06 

0.24 

0.35 

0.06 

0.42 

1.23 

0.27 

0.13 

Wt. Ave (lb/gal) I 

0.03 

0.03 

0.48 

0.18 

0.01 

0.32 

0.13 

0.36 

1.72 

0.03 
Manufacturer: Sherwin Williams 

Category : Primer Surfacer 

Toxic 10 (CAS) Ingredient 

108656 1 methoxy 2 propanol acetate 

67630 2 propanol 

67641 acetone 

100414 ethyl benzene 

67561 methanol 

108101 methyl isobutyl ketone 

100425 styrene 

108883 toluene 

Appendix E 

Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

0.05 

0.30 

0.47 

0.05 

0.12 

0.49 

0.00 

2.34 

Manufacturer : Sherwin Williams 

Category : Color Coats Lead & Chromium Formulation 

Toxic 10 (CAS). Ingredient Wl Ave (lb/gal) 

108656 1-methoxy-2-propanol acetate 0.14 

111762 2 butoxyethanol 0.07 

112072 2-butoxyethyl acetate 

67630 2-propanol 

67641 acetone 

18540299 chromiumcompounds 

100414 ethylbenzene 

1128 lead compounds 

67561 methanol 

78933 methyl ethyl ketone 

108101 methyl isobutyl ketone 

108883 toluene 

1330207 xylene 

Manufacturer : Sherwin Williams 

Category : Color Coats 

Toxic 10 (CAS) I Ingredient 

1330207 xylene 

Manufacturer : Sherwin Williams 

Category : Clearcoats 

Toxic 10 (CAS). Ingredient 

108656 1-methoxy-2-propanol acetate 

112072 2-butoxyethyl acetate 

67630 2-propanol 

67641 acetone 

100414 ethylbenzene 

67561 methanol 

78933 methyl ethyl ketone 

108101 methyl isobutyl ketone 

108883 toluene 

September I 996 

0.23 

0.51 

0.46 

0.42 

0.28 

0.69 

0.17 

1.11 ' 

0.50 

0.86 

1.34 ' 

Appendix E 

Wt. Ave (lb/gal) 

0.07 

Wt. Ave. (lb/gal) 

0.19 

0.52 

0.58 

0.71 

0.16 

0.13 

0.80 

0.38 

1.13 

E-9 

I 
Manufacturer : Akzo 

Category : Surface Cleaners 

Toxic II Ingredient 

67641 Acetone 

100414 Ethyl benzene 

108101 Methyl isobutyl ketone {Hexane} 

108883 Toluene 

1330207 Xylene 

Manufacturer : Akzo 

Category: Primer Surfacer 

Toxic I Ingredient 

100414 Ethyl benzene 

107982 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether 

108101 Methyl isobutyl ketone {Hexane} 

108656 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 

111762 Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 

112072 2-butoxyethyl acetate 

1330207 Xylene 

Manufacturer : Akzo 

Category : Single Stage Topcoat 

Toxic I Ingredient 

100414 Ethyl benzene 

108656 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 

1330207 Xylene 

Formulations without lead or Chromium 

Manufacturer : Akzo 

Category : Lacquer . Toxic I Ingredient 

67630 Isopropyl alcohol 

67641 Acetone 

108656 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 

108883 Toluene 

112072 2-butoxyethyl acetate 

1330207 Xylene 

September 1996 E-10 

Weighted Ave. 

1.8960 

.3899 

3.7620 

3.1050 

1.6621 

Weighted Ave. 

.0167 

.4204 

.7536 

.1103 

.0623 

.0100 

.4769 

Weighted Ave. 

.0018 

.0253 

.0762 

. Weighted Ave. 

.1698 

.3000 

.1164 

1.4394 

.0690 

.7092 
Chromium Compounds 

Manufacturer : Akzo 

Category : Specialty Coating 

TOXIC Ingredient 

111762 Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 

1308389 chromium oxide 

Formulations without lead or Chromium 

Manufacturer : Akzo 

APPENDIX E , Wt. Ave. (lb/gal) 

.0083 

.0092 

Category : Specialty Coating AimiDIX E 

Toxic Ingredient Weighted Ave. 

1330207 Xylene . 1.1491 

7440439 Cadmium .0006 

7440666 Zinc .0014 

Manufacturer: Akzo 

Category : Specialty Coating 

Toxic Ingredient Weighted Ave. 

67630 Isopropyl alcohol .1524 

67641 Acetone 1.0406 

100414 Ethyl benzene .4332 

107982 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether 1.2990 

108656 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate .8559 

108883 Toluene .5155 

111762 Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether .0396 

112072 2-butoxyethyl acetate 1.0860 

September 1996 E- 11 

I 
Company Name: PPG 

Category : PRIMER SEALER 

Toxic ld Ingredient 

67630 ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL 

67641 ACETONE 

78933 METHYL ETHYL KETONE 

107982 PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 

108101 METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 

108883 TOLUENE 

111762 ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER 

1330207 XYLENE 

Company name: PPG 

Category : DTM PRIMER 

Toxic ld Ingredient 

67630 ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL 

67641 ACETONE 

107982 PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 

108101 METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 

108883 TOLUENE 

111762 ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONO BUTYL ETHER 

1330207 METHYL ETHYL KETONE 

1330207 XYLENE 

18540299 CHROMIUM VI 

Category : PRIMER SURFACER 

Toxic ld . Ingredient 

67630 ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL 

67641 ACETONE 

78933 METHYL ETHYL KETONE 

107982 PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 

108101 METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 

108883 TOLUENE 

111762 ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER 

1330207 XYLENE 

Company name: PPG 

Category : BASE COAT 

Toxic ld Ingredient 

67630 ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL 

67641 ACETONE 

78933 METHYL ETHYL KETONE 

'· 

107982 PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 

108101 METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 

108883 TOLUENE 

111762 ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER 

1330207 XYLENE 

7439921 LEAD 

18540299 CHROMIUM VI 

September 1996 E- 12 

I 

Ave (lb/gal) 

0.00 

0.19 

0.19 

0.22 

0.54 

0.19 

0.01 

0.53 

Ave (lb/gal) 

0.10 

0.03 

0.43 

0.45 

0.63 

0.21 

0.26 

0.24 

0.00 

Ave (lb/gal) 

0.01 

0.14 

0.12 

0.10 

0.26 

0.20 

0.01 

0.59 

Ave (lb/gal) 

0.01 

0.20 

0.44 

0.77 

0.17 

0.28 

0.01 

0.31 

0.08 

0.02 
Company Name: PPG 

~ategory: SINGLE STAGE TOPCOAT 

Toxic ld Ingredient 

67641 ACETONE 

78933 METHYL ETHYL KETONE 

107982 PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 

108101 METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 

108883 TOLUENE 

111762 ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONO BUTYL ETHER 

1330207 XYLENE 

7439921 LEAD 

18540299 CHROMIUM VI 

Company name : PPG 

Category: SPECIALTY COATING t. 

Toxic ld Ingredient 

67630 ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL 

67641 ACETONE 

78933 METHYL ETHYL KETONE 

107982 PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 

108101 METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 

108883 TOLUENE 

111762 ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONO BUTYL ETHER 

1330207 XYLENE 

18540299 CHROMIUM VI 

Category : CLEAR COAT 

Toxic ld Ingredient 

78933 METHYL ETHYL KETONE 

107982 PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 

108101 METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 

108883 TOLUENE 

1330207 XYLENE 

Company name : PPG 

Category : REDUCER BLENDS 

Toxic ld Ingredient 

67641 ACETONE 

78933 METHYL ETHYL KETONE 

107982 PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 

108101 METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 

108101 MIBK 

108883 TOLUENE 

111762 ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONO BUTYL ETHER 

1330207 XYLENE 

1330207 XYLENES 

September 1996 E- 13 

Ave (lb/gal) 

0.03 

0.31 

0.33 

.0.03 

0.16 

0.02 

1.05 

0.21 

0.06 

Ave (lb/gal) 

0.26 

0.35 

0.55 

0.40 

0.06 

1.09 

0.03 

1.38 

0.01 

Ave (lb/gal) 

0.27 

0.28 

0.09 

0.21 

1.05 

:Ave (lb/gal) 

0.67 

0.78 

0.77 

0.08 

0.08 

0.74 

0.18 

0.16 

0.16 
Company name: PPG 

Category· REDUCER BLENDS 

Toxic ld Ingredient 

108101 METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 

108101 MIBK 

108883 TOLUENE 

111762 ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER 

1330207 XYLENE 

. 1330207 XYLENES 

Category : SPECIALTY ADDITIVES 

Toxic ld Ingredient 

67630 ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL 

67641 ACETONE 

78933 METHYL ETHYL KETONE 

108883 TOLUENE 

111762 ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONO BUTYL ETHER 

Category: CLEANERS 

Toxic ld Ingredient 

67630 ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL 

67641 ACETONE 

107982 PROPYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER 

108883 TOLUENE 

1330207 XYLENE 

September 1996 E--14 

I 

Ave (lb/gal) 

0.08 

0.08 

0.74 

0.18 

0.16 

0.16 

Ave (lb/gal) 

0.01 

0.01 

0.47 

0.84 

0.01 

Ave (lb/gal) 

1.37 

0.44 

0.04 

1.01 

0.77 
Manufacturer : BASF 

Category: Basecoat 

Toxic· Ingredient 

67561 Methanol 

67630 Isopropyl alcohol 

67641 Acetone 

78933 Methyl ethyl ketone {2-Butanone} 

100414 Ethyl benzene 

107982 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether 

108101 Methyl isobutyl ketone {Hexane} 

108656 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 

108883 Toluene 

111762 Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 

112072 2-butoxyethyl acetate 

1330207 Xylene 

7440020 Nickel 

7440508 Copper 

Weighted Ave. 

0.0000 

.2598 

.3051 

.0739 

.1296 

0.0000 

.4452 

.4076 

.9347 

0.0000 

.1394 

.6795 

0.0000 

.0028 

Manufacturer : BASF 

Category : Basecoat 

No Lead or Chromium Formulation 

Toxic ld INGREDIENTS 

67641 ACETONE 

1328536 COPPER 

7440508 Copper (compound) 

100414 Ethyl Benzene 

112072 Ethylene Glycol Butyl Eth. Act 

67630 ISOPROPANOL 

108101 METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE 

67561 Methanol 

78933 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 

108656 Propylene Glycol Methyl Eth Ac 

108883 Toluene 

1330207 XYLENE 

Manufacturer : BASF 

Category : Basecoat 

Chromium Formulation 

Toxic ld INGREDIENTS 

67641 ACETONE 

7440473 Chromium III 

100414 Ethyl Benzene 

112072 Ethylene Glycol Butyl Eth. Act 

111762 Ethylene Glycol Butyl Ether 

67630 ISOPROPANOL 

78933 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 

108656 Propylene Glycol Methyl Eth Ac 

108883 Toluene 

1330207 XYLENE 

September 1996 E-15 

Wt. Ave (lb. gal) 

0.4037 

0.0585 

0.0028 

0.1247 

0.1326 

0.3050 

0.3973 

0.0002 

0.1557 

0.4379 

1.1010 

0.6473 

Wt. Ave (lb.gat) 

0.2497 

0.0005 

0.1120 

0.2342 

0.1967 

0.3995 

0.0033 

0.2392 

0.7656 

0.6200 

I 
Manufacturer : BASF 

Category : Pretreatment 

Toxic 

67561 Methanol 

67630 Isopropyl alcohol 

100414 Ethyl benzene 

Ingredient 

108101 Methyl isobutyl ketone {Hexane} 

108656 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 

111762 Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 

112072 2-butoxyethyl acetate 

1314132 Zinc oxide 

1330207 Xylene 

Manufacturer : BASF 

Category : Primer/Sealer 

Toxic Ing_redient 

67630 Isopropyl alcohol 

78933 Methyl ethyl ketone {2-Butanone} 

100414 Ethyl benzene 

107982 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether 

108101 Methyl isobutyl ketone {Hexane} 

108656 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 

108883 Toluene 

112072 2-butoxyethyl acetate 

1330207 Xylene . 7440666 Zinc 

Fonnulations without Lead or Chromium 

Manufacturer: BASF 

Category : Primer/Surfacer 

Toxic Ingredient 

67630 Isopropyl alcohol 

67641 Acetone 

78933 Methyl ethyl ketone {2-Butanone} 

100414 Ethyl benzene 

107982 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether 

108101 Methyl isobutyl ketone {Hexane} 

108656 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 

108883 Toluene 

111762 Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 

112072 2-butoxyethyl acetate 

1330207 Xylene 

September 1996 E-16 

Weighted Ave. 

.0236 

1.1911 

.0549 

.0050 

.1197 

.1104 

.0276 

.0561 

.2651 

Weighted Ave. 

.0046 

.0222 

.0956 

.0024 

.0050 

.0437 

.0897 

.1050 

.4696 

.0042 

APPENDIX E 

Weighted Ave. 

.0883 

.9549 

.0993 

.0431 

.0753 

.0518 

.0812 

.4431 

.0932 

.0175 

.1751 
Manufacturer : BASF 

CATEGORY: Single Stage Lead & Chromium Formulation 

Toxic ld INGREDIENTS Wt. Ave (lb.gal) 

67630 ISOPROPANOL 0.7064 

67641 ACETONE 0.5900 

78933 Methyl Ethyl Ketone 0.2563 

100414 Ethyl Benzene 0.0700 

108656 Propylene Glycol Methyl Eth Ac 0.0969 

108883 Toluene 1.5757 

112072 Ethylene Glycol Butyl Eth. Act 0.0504 

1328536 COPPER 0.0100 

1330207 XYLENE 0.2978 

7429905 ALUMINUM 0.0338 

7440666 Zinc (compound) 0.0003 

12656858 LEAD CHROMATE/MOLYBDATE 0.0329 

Manufacturer : BASF 

CATEGORY : Single Stage No Lead No Chromium Formulation 

Toxic 10 INGREDIENTS Wt. Ave (lb.gal) 

100414 Ethyl Benzene 0.0322 

108656 Propylene Glycol Methyl Eth Ac 0.0120 

112072 Ethyfene Glycol Butyl Eth. Act 0.0328 

1328536 COPPER 0.0013 

1330207 XYLENE 0.1541 

Formulations without Lead or Chromium 

Manufacturer : BASF 

Category : Clearcoat 

APPENDIX E 

Toxic Ingredient 

67630 Isopropyl alcohol 

67641 Acetone 

78933 Methyl ethyl ketone {2-Butanone} 

100414 Ethyl benzene 

108656 Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 

108883 Toluene 

112072 2-butoxyethyl acetate 

1330207 Xylene 

September 1996 E-17 

Weighted Ave. 

.8503 

.5035 

.2751 

.0583 

.4048 

1.7550 

.0814 

.2788 

I 
Appendix F - Bodyshop Survey Form 

September 1, 1996 

Owner/Operator: 

company 

address 

city state zip 

SUBJECT: Requirement to Provide Coating and Solvent Usage for 1995 

Dear Owner/Operator: 

We seek your assistance to help us estimate toxic emissions from coating operations at your bodyshop 

by completing the enclosed survey. In 1987, the California Legislature passed the Air Toxics "Hot 

Spots" Act (Health and Safety Code (H&SC) Sect. 44630 et seq.). This law created a statewide program 

to estimate toxic air emissions from businesses. The District must collect and process this data. 

The information you provide will be used to generate a prioritization score. If that score exceeds a 

minimum value, we will complete a screening risk assessment to estimate potential health impacts due 

to the emissions from your business. If the risk exceeds the level of significance set by the District 

Board, you may be required to notify the affected community of these potential health impacts. You 

may also be required to develop a risk reduction plan to reduce the risk from your facility below the 

level of significance. A District representative will be available to assist you in all steps of this process. 

The enclosed survey contains two pages. The first page requests general information about your facility 

and the type of booth and spray equipment used. The second page contains columns and rows where you 

enter information about the volumes of coatings and solvents you sprayed or otherwise employed. For 

easier reporting, the coatings and solvents are broken down into general categories. Note that Sections 

42303 and 40701(g) of the H&SC authorize us to require you to promptly provide all of the information. 

It is important that you work with the District to help us develop your emissions inventory and risk 

assessment. You may also provide your own emissions estimate and health risk assessment using more 

detailed information, if you choose. Please complete the enclosed survey and return it on or before 

October 1, 1996, to: 

Your Local APCD 

2588 Full Circle 

Hillendale, CA 94666 

Attn: Toxics Coordinator 

If you have any questions about the program or completing the survey, please call the toxics coordinator 

at (932) 322-7237 during normal business hours. Thank you for your cooperation. 

Respectfully, 

I.M. Sorah, APCO 

enclosures 

September 1996 F- 1 
Dear Owner/Operator: 

INDUSTRY-WIDE TOXIC EMISSIONS INVENTORY SURVEY 

AUTO BODYSHOP COATING OPERATIONS 

EMISSION YEAR 1995 

We request that you provide the following information, as authorized by H&SC sections 42303 or 4070 I (g). It will be used to estimate 

toxic emissions from your business and the potential health impact. Your full cooperation is appreciated by accurately completing this 

form. Retwn the form by October 1, 1996. Ifyou have any questions, contact the toxics coordinator at (932) 322-7237. 

FACILITY INFORMATION 

FacilityName: ------------------------------- Date: __ \ __ \ __ 

Facility Address: ------------------- City: ---------------------------

ZIP: ------- Phone: ---------------Fac ID: ___ PTO: ---------

Contact: ----------------------- Title: ---------------

Distance in feet to nearest: residence: ----

Indicate the types of spray guns used, and estimate 

the volume of coating sprayed for each type of gun. 

The total must equal 100%. 

Indicate locations where spraying is performed. 

The total for all locations used must equal 1 00%. 

schooVday care: ___ _ hospital: ___ _ property line: ___ _ 

EQUIPMENT INFORMATION 

0 HVLP 0 Conventional 0 Other: ----- %used: __ 

0 HVLP 0 Conventional 0 Other: ----- % used: __ _ 

Spray Booth: 

Prep Station: 

Open Area: 

0 yes 0 no 

0 yes 0 no 

0 yes 0 no 

%used: 

%used: 

%used: 

TOTAL: 

TOTAL: __ 

Building height: __ ft width: __ ft length: __ ft Heated Booth: 0 yes 0 no Exhaust Temperature: ____ F" 

Exhaust Stack: 0 yes 0 no Rain Cap: 0 yes 0 no Direction the Exhaust Stack Points: 0 up 0 sideways 0 down 

Exhaust Stack: Height Above Ground: ___ ft Diameter: ____ ft Other: ___ x___ Blower Capacity: -----cfin 

Type of exhaust filter: 0 None 0 Water Curtain 0 Paper 0 Foam 0 Fiberglass 0 Other (specify): 

Filter/Removal Efficiency: _____ % Attach manufacturer's information sheet verifying the removal or falter efficiency. 

Maximum gallons sprayed in any one hour: ___ gaVhr Average number of hours you actually .m!J!Y each day: ___ brs/day 

Number of gallons you spray or use in an average week: solvent: --------- coating: ----------

Average number of days per year that your shop paints cars: ___ days/year 

COATING AND SOLVENT USAGE INFORMATION 

Please complete the form on the back of this survey. Enter the brand of coatings and solvents used. If more than one brand is used, 

fill out a separate form for each brand. Report the number of gallons for ALL VOC containing materials used at your facility for the 

reporting year. You may reduce the amount used by the amount shipped offsite (waste) by estimating the% of each category disposed 

(1). Attach copies of hazardous waste manifests verifying the volume shipped (2). Volumes 1 and 2 should be the same. Be sure to 

include the weight percent of hexavalent chromium (chromates), if any, for each category. See MSDS or check with your distributor. 

September 1996 F- 2 

I 
Brand or Manufacturer: Coatings: -------------- Solvents: -------------

Total gallons of all coatings used: _________ (.A) Total gallons of all solvents used: _________ .(B) 

Category of Solvent or Coating Chromate(*) Annual Hazardous Hazardous Annual 

Content Usage Waste Waste Usage Less 

(wt%) (%) (gallyr) Waste 

(gallyr) (gallyr) 

I (EXAMPLE) PRIMER SEALER (**) 1 o.o32 1125 Is 

Pretreatment Wash Primer 

Solvent-based Precoat 

Waterborne Precoat 

Solvent-based Primer 

Waterborne Primer 

Solvent-based Primer Surfacer 

Waterborne-Primer Surfacer 

Primer Sealer 

Solid Color Topcoat 

Metallic/Iridescent Topcoat 

Specialty Coating 

Basecoat 

Grotmdcoat 

Midcoat 

Clearcoat 

Lacquer Primer 

Lacquer 

Lacquer Solvent, VOC= lb/gal 

Surface Prep Solvent, VOC= lb/gal 

Wax/Grease Remover. VOC = lb/gal 

Thinners/Solvents, VOC= lb/gal 

Gun Cleaning Solvent, VOC = lb/gal 

Other: • VOC= lb/gal 

Other: ,VOC= lb/gal 

Total Gallons (do not include EXAMPLE): District Use. gal( I) --------------- gal(2) -----------

(*) Carefully check material safety data sheets (MSDSs) or call your distributor for these values. If no chromates are fotmd, enter 0. 

(**) Example calculation: 125 gallons total x 5% = 125 x 5/1 00 = 6 gallons to hazardous waste or off-site recycle. 

125 gallons total - 6 gallons waste/recycle = 119 gallons used 

(I) Thu sum should be (A)+ (B) from the top of this page. 

(2) Thb sum should equal the volume of material shipped as hazardous waste verified by your manifests. 

September 1996 F- 3 

I 
TO: 

FROM: 

DATE: 

SUBJECT: 

Appendix G - Fall Out Fraction 

AB Task Force 

Chairman, ABTF 

September 19, 1995 

Recommendations on Fall Out Fraction 

After reviewing the Rohr Fallout Fraction Test Report, it is reasonable to include a fall 

out fraction (FOF) in lieu of a transfer efficiency for auto bodyshop operations that use 

spray booths. The Rohr FOF value averages 91% which includes a transfer efficiency of 

75% using a Devilbiss HVLP gun. The booth stack flow rate was 21,185 ACFM with a 

cross-sectional flow rate within the fully-enclosed spray booth of greater than 100 ft/min. 

The booth was thoroughly cleaned prior to coating application. The spray gun was set at 

5 psi, and the paint spray pattern limited to a width of 5 or 6 inches. The painter met the 

minimum requirements for industrial standards and was not a top of the line painter. 

For spray operations outside of a booth, I do not believe that a FOF is appropriate. 

Although fall out does occur, the transfer efficiency should be the sole determining factor 

because of the additional wind effect which increases the probability of dispersing 

particulate material, not experienced in a spray booth. For a partially enclosed booth the 

transfer efficiency should also be used due to the uncertainty in determining the booth 

capture efficiency and the increased probability of wind dispersion, as mentioned before. 

For the following reasons, I recommend that the FOF be set at a lower value than the 

Rohr number. Instead of 91%, I think an FOF closer to 80% for HVLP spray operations 

and SO% for air assisted operations should be suggested. 

The amount of rebounding particulates is determined, in part, by the force of the coating 

application. In the Rohr study the HVLP gun was set at 5 psi. Few bodyshops are that 

careful and often exceed that value. As a result, more particulates are launched into the 

air and the transfer efficiency, a major contributor to the FOF, is lowered. I would guess 

that the resulting transfer efficiency is closer to 65%, less than the 75% found in the Rohr 

report. 

The Rohr booth was thoroughly cleaned before use to remove any background 

particulates. Generally, a production or even small shop booth is swept with a shop broom 

and maybe lightly hosed down with water to keep the dust down. The average booth is not 

thoroughly cleaned. This results in increased particulate fugitives from previous coating 

operations. I would estimate this to reduce the FOF by about 2%. 

The painting technique was far more controlled in the Rohr report than one would expect 

to find in a production shop and greater than that expected in an average bodyshop. The 

difference between the Rohr painter and one found in an average shop is probably not 

substantial but I would still suggest that the FOF is reduced by about 2% due to painter 

and painting technique differences. A Rohr painter is not paid based on the number of 

parts produced and a bodyshop painter may be under more pressure to get the job out. 

The stack volumetric flow for an average bodyshop is about 10,000 to 15,000 ACFM. 

This is less than that used in the Rohr test and could result in an increase in the FOF due 

to more time being allowed in the average bodyshop for the particulate material to drop 

out. I would guess this to be about 1%. 

September 1996 G-1 

I 
Appendix H - Data Submittal to CARB 

The California Air Resources Board has created data fields and formats 

for districts to use in submitting the autobody shop emission inventory data to the California Air Resources Board's Air Taxies Emissions Data 

System. It is expected that most districts will collect data via 

spreadsheets. Attached is a list of data fields to be included in the · industrywide emission data submittals (Attachment I). The data fields have 

been kept to a minimum to avoid collecting unnecessary information. The 

inventory year, district, air basin, county code, SCC, PT units and SIC 

codes should be included in the heading of the spreadsheet. The rest of the 

data fields should be included in the body of the spreadsheet. For multicounty districts, the county code can be moved to the first column in the 

spreadsheet body. The Autobody Industrywide data formats can be 

standardized and also used for submitting other AB 2588 industrywide-type emissions data such as dry cleaning and gas station facilities. Attachment 

I also includes generic SIC/SCC codes that reflect the general operations of 

all the industrywide categories. : 

Attachment II is a mock-up of what the industrywide spreadsheet template should look like. CARB has developed a spreadsheet template for 

the districts' use in reporting these industrywide emissions and will 

provide a copy of the template to any district wanting to use it. The 

spreadsheet template can be provided in either Quattro Pro, Excell, or Lotus 

1,2,3 format. 

DRAFT! 

September 1996 H- 1 

I 
.. 

Attachment I 

Su9gested Data Ejelds To Include In Industrywide Inventories 

(To be included in the Heading of the Spreadsheet) 

Inventory Year 

District Code 

Air Basin Code 

County Code (include in spreadsheet body for multiple county districts) 

Faci 1 ity SIC 

sec (include in spreadsheet body if multiple processes) 

Process Units Code (include in spreadsheet body if multiple processes)· 

(To be included in the Body of the Spreadsheet) 

County Code (unless included in header) 

Facility ID 

Facility Name 

Facility Address, City, Zip Code 

sec (unless included in header) 

Process Description (optional) 

Annual Process Rate 

Process Units Code (unless included in header) 

Max Hourly Process Rate 

Toxic ID 

Toxic Name 

Emission Factor 

Annual Emissions (pounds per year) 

Hourly Max Emissions (for substances with acute effects only, lb/hr) 

Suggested •uenerjc• SCC Codes For Some E-I FaCilities Most likely To~ 

Covered By Industrywide Inventories 

Faci 1 jty Class SIC Code sec Code PI Code Process Units 

Gas Stations 5541 4-06-888-01 PT031 1000 Gals Throughput 

Autobody Shops 7532 4-02-016-99 PTUO Tons of Solvent In toatlng 

Dry Cleaners 7216 4-01-001-98 PT109 Tons Solvent Consumed 

Printing Shops 2759 4-05-888-01 PT105 Tons Product 

Fiberglass Mfg. 2221,3229 3-05-012-99 PT117 Tons Processed 

3-08-007-99 PT105 Tons Product 

nn ~ FT 

1 hAr 

September 1996 

H-2 

I 
{I') 

,g 

0 

3 

0" 

~ 

..... 

\0 

\0 

0\ 

:I: 

I 

VJ 

Inv. Year District 

1991 sc 

Faa. m FNama 

1023 Aaron A. Aardvark 

1904 Otto's Auto Paint 

---

Attachment II 

Air Basin County SIC sec FPRU 

sc 16 7532 40201699 PTllO 

FAddress !'City PZip PRDesc PR MaxHrPR Toxic ToxNama 

122 Maple Lane Anytown 91786 Car Paint 0.005 45 25321226 DiChloro Be 

12 Industrial Pkwy City of Science 95819 Fume Hood 1. 623 6 95501 1,2-DiCLBen 

----

IP>~~UI~!M£~W !Dl£ 1r £ 

~Mlffi~~~1r 1f'(Q) !R1~\Yl~~~(Q)~ 

I 

Emf act EMS HrMaxEMS 

0.05 1200 634 

2.0001 232 6231 

335 

-
Appendix I - Prioritization Procedures 

The procedure recommended by the task force to prioritize auto body shops is based 

on the Emissions and Potency Procedure outlined in the Air Toxics "Hot Spots" 

Program Facility Prioritization Guidelines, prepared by the California Air Pollution 

Control Officers Ass~iation (CAPCOA), July 1990. These guidelines were 

developed by a committee comprised of representatives from Districts (including 

Ventura County), the California Air Resources Board (CARB), and the Cal-EPA 

Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA). 

The Emissions and Potency Procedure involves calculation of one or more numerical 

scores for a facility based on the following factors: emissions, potency or toxicity of 

compounds emitted, and receptor proximity. The procedure was designed to be 

straightforward and to be applied consistently to every facility. Moreover, it is 

designed to assure that high risk facilities are ranked high priority. 

Using the prioritization procedure, facilities receive one or more numerical scores: 

potential carcinogenic effect, potential chronic non-carcinogenic effect, and potential 

acute non-carcinogenic effect. Facilities will then be prioritized based on the highest 

of the calculated scores. 

For facilities that emit carcinogenic compounds, a facility score is calculated for 

carcinogenic effects according to the following equation: 

Where: 

TS = total facility score (carcinogenic effects) 

c = specific carcinogenic substance 

Ec = emissions of compound c, lbs/yr 

P c = unit risk factor for compound c 

RP = receptor proximity adjustment factor (Table I-I) 

1. 7x 1 Q3 = normalization factor 

For facilities that emit compounds which have non-cancer health effects, facility 

scores are calculated for chronic and acute non-cancer effects according to the 

following equation: 

TS* = (EE/PJ(RP)(NF) 

Where: 

September 1996 I- 1 
TS* = total facility score (chronic or acute non-carcinogenic effects) 

t = specific toxic substance 

~ = emissions of compound t, lbs/hr (average or maximum) 

Pt = acceptable exposure level oft, flg/m3 

RP = receptor proximity adjustment factor (Table 1-1) 

NF = normalization factor 

NF = 150 for chronic exposure 

NF = 1500 for acute exposure 

Table 1-1 

Receptor Proximity Adjustment Factors 

Receptor Proximity (R, meters) RP (dimensionless) 

O<R< 100 1 

100<R<250 0.25 

250<R<500 0.04 

500<R< 1000 0.011 

1000 < R < 1500 0.003 

1500 < R < 2000 0.002 

R>2000 0.001 

The receptor proximity factor is based on the distance from the facility to the nearest 

receptor. A receptor may be a residence, school, day care center, hospital, or 

workplace; or an area zoned for these uses. The receptor proximity is determined by 

adding the distance from the facility property line to the nearest receptor or potential 

receptor and the distance from the facility's nearest emitting source to the facility 

property line. 

Where adequate information on the receptor proximity is not available, a receptor 

proximity factor of 1 can be used as a screening assumption. In any case, this default 

value will likely be correct for most facilities, as the majority of auto bodyshops are 

located less than 100 meters from the nearest receptor. However, for facilities 

initially categorized as high priority using default receptor proximity data, actual 

receptor proximity data should be obtained for a refined priority score calculation 

before proceeding with a scoping level health risk assessment. 

September 1996 1- 2 

I 
The unit risk factors and acceptable exposure levels to be used are contained in 

Appendix C as derived from the current version of the CAPCOA Air Toxics "Hot 

Spots" Program Risk Assessment Guidelines. Values labeled as "screening", 

"preliminary", or "proposed", or which OEHHA otherwise indicates are not 

recommended for use in prioritization, may be used at the discretion of an individual 

District. 

The task force recommends that facilities with scores less than or equal to one be 

categorized as low priority, and facilities with scores greater than or equal to 10 be 

categorized as high priority. All other facilities will be placed in the intermediate 

priority category. The basis for the recommended thresholds is included in the 

CAPCOA Air Toxics "Hot Spots" Program Facility Prioritization Guidelines. 

Note that this procedure was developed using a minimum distance of 50 meters from 

the source to the nearest receptor, and may not be applicable for auto bodyshops with 

source to receptor distances of less than 50 meters. 

September 1996 I- 3 
ISCST2 

- (DATED 93109) 

{/.) 

IBM-PC VERSION (2 .1 ) ISCST2X 

(C) COPYRIGHT 1992, TRINITY CONSULTANTS, INC. ~ SERIAL NUMBER 10592 SOLD TO SAN DIEGO AIR POLLUTION '"0 

.... 

~ Run Began on 5/24/1995 at 17:12:40 3 

cr 

~ ..., ••• TRINITY SOURCE FILE NAME: C:\MODELS\DATA\AUTOBOL2.PNT ••• TRINITY DOWNWASH FILE NAME: C:\MODELS\DATA\AUTOBOL2.WA!t )> ••• TRINITY RECEPTOR FILE NAME: C:\MODELS\DATA\AUTOBOD.REC 

,__ CO STARTING "C 

\0 CO TITLEONE Autobody Shop Run 1 "C 

\0 CO TITLETWO Lindbergh (Coastal) Meteorology CD 

0\ CO MODELOPT DFAULT CONC RURAL :J CO AVERTIME 1 MONTH PERIOD 

CO POLLUTID POLL1 c. 

CO TEJUUIGTS FLAT -· >< CO ELJMJNIT METERS 

CO RUNORNOT RUN c... CO FINISHED 

SO STARTING 

SO LOCATION 812530 POINT 0.00 0.00 0.00 

SO SRCPARAM 812530 1.000000 7.62 294.26 9.1440 0.762 c 

SO LOCATION 812575 POINT 0.00 0.00 0.00 -· SO SRCPARAM 812575 1.000000 7.62 294.26 22.8600 0.610 (I) 

SO LOCATION 813030 POINT 0.00 0.00 0.00 "C 

SO SRCPARAM 813030 1.000000 9.14 294.26 9.1440 0. 762 CD 

SO LOCATION 813075 POINT 0.00 0.00 0.00 '"'l 

SO SRCPARAM 813075 1.000000 9.14 294.26 22.8600 0.610 (/) 

SO LOCATION B125D POINT 0.00 0.00 0.00 -· 0 SO SRCPARAM 81250 1.000000 7.62 294.26 0.0000 1. 524 :J SO LOCATION B130D POINT 0.00 o.oo 0.00 

~ SO SRCPARAM B130D 1.000000 9.14 294.26 0.0000 1.524 s: I SO LOCATION B225D POINT 0.00 0.00 0.00 ...... SO SRCPARAM B225D 1.000000 7.62 294.26 0.0000 1. 524 0 SO LOCATION 82300 POINT o.oo 0.00 0.00 c. SO SRCPARAM 82300 1.000000 9.14 294.26 0.0000 1.524 

SO LOCATION B325D POINT 0.00 0.00 0.00 ~ SO SRCPARAM B325D 1.000000 7.62 294.26 0.0000 1.524 

SO 

SO SRCPARAM 

LOCATION 

83300 

B330D 

1.000000 

POINT 0.00 

9.14 

0.00 

294.26 

0.00 

0.0000 1.524 

-:J 

SO LOCATION B425D POINT 0.00 0.00 0.00 "C 

SO SRCPARAM B425D 1.000000 7.62 294.26 0.0000 1.524 

- c 

SO LOCATION 84300 POINT 0.00 0.00 0.00 ,... 

SO SRCPARAM B430D 1.000000 9.14 294.26 0.0000 1.524 (I) 

SO LOCATION FOG1 VOLUME 0.00 o.oo 0.00 

SO SRCPARAM FOG1 0.500000 0.76 1.42 0.71 Q) 

SO LOCATION FOG2 VOLUME 0.00 0.00 0.00 ::J 

SO SRCPARAM FUG2 0.500000 0.76 1.42 0.71 c. 

SO BUILDHGT 812530 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 812530 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 :a SO 8UILDHGT 812530 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 CD SO 8UILDHGT 812530 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 (I) SO BUILDHGT 812530 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO BUILDHGT 812530 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 c 

SO BUILDWID 812530 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

-,... 

SO BUILDWID 812530 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 (/) 

SO 8UILDKID 812530 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWID 812530 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWID 812530 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWID 812530 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDHGT 813030 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO BUILDHGT 813030 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO BUILDHGT 813030 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

-
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Ul SO 8UILDHGT 813030 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

~ SO 8UILOHGT 813030 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

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SO 8UILOHGT 81250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO BUILDHGT 81250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

- SO 8UILDHGT 81250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

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\0 SO 8UILOHGT 81250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

01 SO 8UILOHGT 81250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDWIO 81250 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8. 53 8.53 

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SO 8UILDWIO 81250 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWIO 81250 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO BUILDWIO 81250 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWIO 81250 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILOHGT 81300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 81300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILOHGT 81300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILOHGT 81300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 81300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILOHGT 81300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDWIO 81300 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWIO 81300 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWIO 81300 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWIO 81300 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWIO 81300 8.53 8. 53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWIO 81300 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILOHGT 82250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

...... SO 8UILOHGT 82250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 I SO 8UILDHGT 82250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

N SO 8UILDHGT 82250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 82250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILOHGT 82250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDWIO 82250 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 

SO 8UILDWIO 82250 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 

SO 8UILDWIO 82250 23.77 U.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 

SO 8UILDWIO 82250 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 

SO 8UILDWIO 82250 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 

SO 8UILDWIO 82250 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 

SO 8UILOHGT 82300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILOHGT 82300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 82300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO BUILDHGT 82300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 80ILOHGT 82300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 82300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDWIO 82300 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 

SO 8UILDWIO 82300 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 

SO 80ILDWIO 82300 U.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 

SO 8UILDWIO 82300 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 

SO 80ILDWIO 82300 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 

SO 80ILDWIO 82300 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 23.77 

SO 8UILDHGT 83250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 83250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 80ILDHGT 83250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 83250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILOHGT 83250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 83250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDWIO 83250 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 

SO 8UILDWIO 83250 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 

SO 8UILDWIO 83250 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 
SO 8UILDWID 83250 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 

SO 8UILDWID 83250 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 

SO 8UILDWID 83250 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 8330D 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

en SO 8UILDHGT 83300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

(D SO 8UILDHGT 83300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

'ij SO 8UILDHGT 83300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 ..... 

(D SO 8UILDHGT 83300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

3 SO 8UILDHGT 83300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

0' SO BUILDWID 83300 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 

(D SO 8UILDWID 83300 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 "1 SO 8UILDWID 83300 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 

SO 8UILDWID 83300 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 

SO 8UILDWID 83300 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 ..... SO 8UILDWID 83300 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 38.10 

'D SO 8UILDHGT 84250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 'D SO 8UILDHGT 84250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 0\ SO 8UILDHGT 84250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 84250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 84250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 84250 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDWID 84250 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 

SO 8UILDWID 84250 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 

SO 8UILDWID 84250 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 

SO 8UILDWID 84250 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 

SO 8UILDWID 8425D 54.86 54.85 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 

SO 8UILDWID 84250 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 

SO 8UILDHGT 84300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 84300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 8430D 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 8430D 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 84300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 84300 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDWID 84300 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 ....... SO 8UILDWID 84300 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 I SO 8UILDWID 84300 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 

w SO 8UILDWID 84300 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 

SO 8UILDWID 84300 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 

SO 8UILDWID 84300 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 54.86 

SO 8UILDHGT 812575 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 812575 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 812575 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 812575 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 812575 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 812575 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDWID 812575 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWID 812575 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWID 812575 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWID 812575 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWID 812575 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWID 812575 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDHGT 813075 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 813075 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 813075 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 813075 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 813075 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDHGT 813075 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10 

SO 8UILDWID 813075 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWID 813075 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWID 813075 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWID 813075 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWID 813075 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO 8UILDWID 813075 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 8.53 

SO EMISUNIT 1000000.000000 GRAMS/SEC MICROGRAMS/M**3 

SO SRCGROUP 8_12530 812530 

SO SRCGROUP 8_12575 812575 

-
(/.) 

.g 

rt· 

3 

0" 

~ 

....... 

\0 

\0 

0\ 

....... I 

~ 

SO SRCGROUP 8_13030 813030 

SO SRCGROUP 8_13075 813075 

SO SRCGROUP 8_1250 81250 

SO SRCGROUP 8_1300 81300 

SO SRCGROUP B_2250 B2250 

SO SRCGROUP 8_2300 82300 

SO SRCGROUP B_3250 83250 

SO SRCGROUP B_3300 83300 

SO SRCGROUP 8_4250 B4250 

SO SRCGROUP B_4300 B4300 

SO SRCGROUP FOG FUG1 FUG2 

SO FINISHED 

RE STARTING 

RE GRIOPOLR AUTO 

RE GRIOPOLR AUTO 

RE GRIDPOLR AUTO 

RE GRIDPOLR AUTO 

RE GRIDPOLR AUTO 

RE GRIDPOLR AUTO 

RE GRIDPOLR AUTO 

RE GRIDPOLR AUTO 

RE GRIDPOLR AUTO 

RE FINISHED 

ME STARTING 

~A 

ORIG 0.00 0.00 

DIST 10.00 25.00 50.00 75.00 

DIST 100.00 125.00 150.00 175.00 

OIST 200.00 250.00 300.00 350.00 

OIST 400.00 450.00 500.00 600.00 

OIST 750.00 1000.00 

GOIR 36 0.00 10.00 

END 

ME INPOTFIL C:\MODELS\MET\SANMYF88.8IN UNFORM 

ME ANEIIHGHT 10.000 METERS 

ME SURFDATA 23188 1988 LINDBERGH 

ME UAIRDATA 3131 1988 MONTGOMERY 

ME STARTEND 1988 1 1 1 1988 12 31 24 

ME FINISHED 

OU STARTING 

OU RECTABLE 1 FIRST 

OU RECTABLE MONTH FIRST 

OU FINISHED 

*********************************** 

••• SETUP Finishes Successfully ••• *********************************** 

-
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ft 

3 

CT 

~ 

,.._ 

\0 

\0 

0\ 

...... I 

VI 

ISCST2 - VERSION 93109 *** ••• Autobody Shop Run 1 ••• Lindbergh (Coastal) Meteorology 

* * * MODELING OPTIONS USED: CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT 

* * * MODEL SETUP OPTIONS SUMMARY 

**Model Is Setup For Calculation of Average CONCentration Values. 

**Model Uses RURAL Dispersion. 

**Model Uses Regulatory DEFAULT Options: 

1. Final Plume Rise. 

2. Stack-tip Downwash. 

3. Buoyancy-induced Dispersion. 

4. Use Calms Processing Routine. 

5. Not Use Missing Data Processing Routine. 

6. Default Wind Profile Exponents. 

7. Default Vertical Potential Temperature Gradients. 

8. •Upper Bound• Values for Supersquat Buildings. 

9. No Exponential Decay for RURAL Mode 

""Model Assumes Receptors on FLAT Terrain. 

**Model Assumes No FLAGPOLE Receptor Heights. 

**Model Calculates 2 Short Term Average(s) of: 

and Calculates PERIOD Averages 

1-HR MONTH 

**Thia Run Includes: 14 Source(sll 13 Source Group(sll and 

**The Model Assumes A Pollutant Type of: POLL1 

**Model Set To Continue RUNning After the Setup Testing . 

**Output Options Selected: 

Model Outputs Tables of PERIOD Averages by Receptor 

648 Receptor(&) 

••• 

Model Outputs Tables of Highest Short Term Values by Receptor (RECTABLE Keyword) 

**NOTE: The Following Flags May Appear Following CONC Values: c for Calm Hours m for Missing Hours 

b for Both Calm and Missing Hours 

**Misc. Inputs: Anem. Hgt. (m) • 10.00 1 Decay Coef. • 0.0000 Rot. Angle • 0.0 

Emission Units • GRAMS/SEC Emission Rate Unit Factor • Output Units • MICROGRAMS/M**3 

... 

... 

0.10000E+07 

**Input Runstream File: C:\MODELS\DATA\AUTOBOL2.DAT **Output Print File: C:\MODELS\DATA\AUTOBOL2.LST 

05/24/95 

17:12:43 

PAGE 1 

-
Cl:l 

.g 

.... 

('D 

3 

0" 

('D 

"1 

....... 

'D 

'D 

0\ 

'-4 

I 

0\ 

*** ISCST2 - VERSION 93109 *** • ** Autobody Shop Run 1 ... 05/24/95 

*** Lindbergh (Coastal) Meteorology ... 17:12:43 

PAGE 2 

* * * MODELING OPTIONS USED: CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT 

*** POINT SOURCE DATA ••• 

NUMBER EMISSION RATE BASE STACK STACK STACK STACK BUILDING EMISSION RATE 

SOURCE PART. (USER UNITS) X y ELEV. HEIGHT TEMP. EXIT VEL. DIAMETER EXISTS SCALAR VARY 

ID CATS. (METERS) (METERS) (METERS) (METERS) (DEG.K) (M/SEC) (METERS) BY - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

B125l0 0 0.10000E+01 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.62 294.26 9.14 0.76 YES 

B12575 0 0.10000E+01 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.62 294.26 22.86 0.61 YES 

B130l0 0 O.lOOOOE+Ol 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.14 294.26 9.14 0.76 YES 

Bl3075 0 O.lOOOOE+Ol 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.14 294.26 22.86 0.61 YES 

B125D 0 0.10000E+01 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.62 294.26 0.00 1. 52 YES 

B130D 0 0.10000E+01 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.14 294.:16 0.00 1.52 YES 

B225D 0 0.10000E+01 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.62 294.26 0.00 1.52 YES 

B230D 0 0.10000£+01 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.14 294.26 0.00 1.52 YES 

B325D 0 0.10000E+01 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.62 294.26 0.00 1.52 YES 

B330D 0 0.10000£+01 0.0 0.0 0.0 !1.14 294.26 0.00 1.52 YES 

B425D 0 0.10000£+01 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.62 294.26 0.00 1. 52 YES 

B430D 0 0.10000£+01 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.14 294.26 0.00 1.52 YES 

-
Cl) 

.g 

(b 

3 

0" 

~ 

-\0 

\0 

0'1 

~ 

...:I 

ISCST2 - VERSION 93109 *** *** Autobody Shop Run 1 

*** Lindbergh (Coastal) Meteorology 

*** MODELING OPTIONS USED: CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT 

*** VOLUME SOURCE DATA 

NUMBER EMISSION RATB BASE RELEASE INIT. 

SOURCE PART. (USER UNITS) X y ELEV. HEIGHT SY 

ID CATS. (METERS) (METERS) (METERS) (METERS) (METERS) 

INIT. EMISSION RATB 

sz SCALAR VARY 

(METERS) BY 

*** 

*** 

05/2~/95 

17:12:~3 

PAGE 3 

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

FUG1 0 0.50000E+00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 76 1.42 0. 71 

FUG2 0 0.50000E+00 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.76 1. 42 0.71 

-
en 

.g 

fD 

a 

0" 

~ 

-\0 

\0 

0'1 

'j4 

00 

ISCST2 - VERSION 93109 *** • • • Autobody Shop jtun 1 ••• Lindbergh (Coastal) Meteorology 

•• * MODELING OPTIONS USED: CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT 

••• SOURCE IDs DEFINING SOURCE GROUPS ••• 

GROUP ID SOURCE IDs 

8_12530 812530 

8_12575 812575 

8_13030 813030 

8_13075 813075 

8_125D 8125D 

8_130D 8130D 

8_225D 8225D 

8_230D 8230D 

8_325D 8325D 

8_330D 83300 

8_425D 8425D 

8_430D 8430D 

FUG FUG1 , FUG2 

... 

... 05/24/95 

17:12:43 

PAGE 4 

-
ISCST2 - VERSION 93109 *** ••• Autobody Shop ll.un 1 ... 05/24/95 ••• Lindbergh (Coastal) Meteorology *** 17:12:43 

PAGE 5 

*** MODELING OPTIONS USED: CONC II.UII.AL FLAT DFAULT 

Cl".l *** DIII.ECTION SPECIFIC BUILDING DIMENSIONS *** .g 

..... 

~ 

3 SOURCE ID: B12530 

0" IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK 

~ 1 6.1, 8 .5, 0 2 6.1, 8.5, 0 3 6.1, 8. 5, 0 4 6.1, 8.5, 0 5 6.1, 8.5, 0 6 6.1, 8.5, 0 

7 6.1, 8.5, 0 8 6.1, 8.5, 0 9 6.1, 8.5, 0 10 6.1, 8.5, 0 11 6.1, 8.5, 0 12 6.1, 8.5, 0 

13 6.1, 8.5, 0 14 6.1, 8.5, 0 15 6.1, 8.5, 0 16 6.1, 8.5, 0 17 6.1, 8.5, 0 18 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

19 6.1, 8.5, 0 20 6.1, 8.5, 0 21 6.1, 8.5, 0 22 6.1, 8. 5, 0 23 6 .1, 8.5, 0 24 6.1, 8.5, 0 

- 25 6.1, 8.5, 0 26 6.1, 8.5, 0 27 6.1, 8.5, 0 28 6.1, 8.5, 0 29 6.1, 8.5, 0 30 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

\0 31 li.1, 8 .5, 0 32 6.1, 8 .5, 0 33 6.1, 8.5, 0 34 6.1, 8 .5, 0 35 6.1, 8 .5, 0 36 6.1, 8 .5, 0 \0 

0'1 

SOURCE ID: B12575 

IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK 

1 6.1, 8.5, o 2 6.1, 8.5, 0 3 6.1, 8.5, 0 4 6.1, 8.5, 0 5 6.1, 8.5, 0 6 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

7 6.1, 8.5, 0 8 6.1, 8.5, 0 9 6.1, 8.5, 0 10 6.1, 8 .5, 0 11 6.1, 8.5, 0 12 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

13 6.1, 8 .5, 0 14 6.1, 8.5, 0 15 6.1, 8. 5, 0 16 6.1, 8. 5, 0 17 6.1, 8. 5, 0 18 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

19 6.1, 8. 5, 0 20 6.1, 8. 5, 0 21 6.1, 8. 5, 0 22 6.1, 8. 5, 0 23 6.1, 8.5, 0 24 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

25 6.1, 8. 5, 0 26 6.1, 8.5, 0 27 6.1, 8. 5, 0 28 6.1, 8. 5, 0 29 6.1, 8 .5, 0 30 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

31 6.1, 8.5, 0 32 6.1, 8.5, 0 33 6.1, 8.5, 0 34 6.1, 8 .5, 0 35 6.1, 8.5, 0 36 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

SOURCE ID: B13030 

IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK 

1 6 .1, 8 .5, 0 2 6.1, 8 .5, 0 3 6.1, 8.5, 0 4 6 .1, 8 .5, 0 5 6.1, 8 .5, 0 6 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

7 6.1, 8. 5, 0 8 6.1, 8.5, 0 9 6.1, 8.5, 0 10 6.1, 8.5, 0 11 6.1, 8.5, 0 12 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

... 13 6.1, 8 .5, 0 14 6.1, 8.5, 0 15 6.1, 8.5, 0 16 6.1, 8 .5, 0 17 6.1, 8.5, 0 18 6.1, 8.5, 0 

19 6.1, 8. 5, 0 20 6.1, 8.5, 0 21 6.1, 8.5, 0 22 6.1, 8.5, 0 23 6.1, 8.5, 0 24 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

\0 25 6.1, 8.5, 0 26 6.1, 8.5, 0 27 6.1, 8.5, 0 28 6.1, 8.5, 0 29 6.1, 8.5, 0 30 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

31 li.1' 8. 5, 0 32 6.1, 8.5, 0 33 6.1, 8. 5, 0 34 6.1, 8.5, 0 35 6.1, 8 .5, 0 36 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

SOURCE ID: 813075 

IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH ll1f tfAJ( IFV BH BW tfAJ( IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK 

1 6.1, 8.5, 0 2 6.1, 8.5, 0 3 6.1, 8.5, 0 4 6.1, 8.5, 0 5 6.1, 8.5, 0 6 6.1, 8.5, 0 

7 6.1, 8.5, 0 8 6.1, 8 .5, 0 9 6.1, 8.5, 0 10 6.1, 8.5, 0 11 6.1, 8.5, 0 12 6.1, 8.5, 0 

13 6.1, 8.5, 0 14 6.1, 8. 5, 0 15 6.1, 8.5, 0 16 6.1, 8.5, 0 17 6.1, 8.5, 0 18 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

19 6.1, 8. 5, 0 20 6.1, 8 .5, 0 21 6.1, 8.5, 0 22 6.1, 8.5, 0 23 6.1, 8.5, 0 24 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

25 6.1, 8 .5, 0 26 6.1, 8. 5, 0 27 6.1, 8.5, 0 28 6.1, 8.5, 0 29 6.1, 8.5, 0 30 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

31 6.1, 8. 5, 0 32 6.1, 8.5, 0 33 6.1, 8.5, 0 34 6.1, 8.5, 0 35 6.1, 8.5, 0 36 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

-
ISCST2 - VERSION 93109 ••• • • • Autobody Shop Run 1 ... 05/24/95 ••• Lindbergh (Coastal) Meteorology ... 17:12:43 

PAGE 6 ••• MODELING OPTIONS USED: CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT 

Cl'.l 

.g ••• DIRECTION SPECIFIC BUILDING DIMENSIONS ••• 

ft 

3 SOURCE ID: B125D 

CT IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX 

(I) 1 6.1, a. 5, 0 2 6.1, 8.5, 0 3 6.1, a.5, 0 4 6.1, 8. 5, 0 5 6.1, 8.5, 0 6 6.1, 8.5, 0 '"1 7 6.1, 8. 5, 0 8 6.1, 8.5, 0 9 6.1, 8.5, 0 10 6.1, 8.5, 0 11 6.1, 8.5, 0 12 6.1, a.5, 0 

13 6.1, a.5, 0 14 6.1, 8.5, 0 15 6.1, 8.5, 0 16 6.1, 8. 5, 0 17 6.1, a.5, 0 18 6.1, 8.5, 0 

19 6.1, 8.5, 0 20 6.1, 8.5, 0 21 6.1, 8.5, 0 22 6.1, 8.5, 0 23 6.1, 8.5, 0 24 6.1, 8.5, 0 .... 25 6.1, 8.5, 0 26 6.1, a.5, 0 27 6.1, 8.5, 0 28 6.1, 8.5, 0 29 6.1, 8 .5, 0 30 6.1, 8.5, 0 \0 31 6.1, 8. 5, 0 32 6.1, a.5, 0 33 6.1, a.5, 0 34 6.1, a. 5, 0 35 6.1, a. 5, 0 36 6 .1, a. 5, 0 \0 

0\ 

SOURCE ID: B130D 

IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX 

1 6.1, a. 5, o 2 6.1, a.5, 0 3 6.1, a.5, 0 4 6.1, 8. 5, 0 5 6.1, 8.5, 0 6 6 .1, 8.5, 0 

7 6.1, 8. 5, 0 8 6.1, a. 5, 0 9 6.1. a.5, 0 10 6.1, a.5, 0 11 6.1, 8.5, 0 12 6.1, a. 5, 0 

13 6.1. 8. 5, 0 14 6.1, 8.5, 0 15 6.1, 8.5, 0 16 6.1, 8.5, 0 17 6.1, a.5, 0 18 6 .1, 8. 5, 0 

19 6.1, a. 5, 0 20 6.1, 8. 5, 0 21 6.1, 8.5, 0 22 6.1, a.5, 0 23 6.1, a. 5, 0 24 6 .1, a.5, 0 

25 6 .1, a. 5, o 26 6.1, 8 .5, 0 27 6 .1, a.5, 0 2a 6.1, 8. 5, 0 29 6.1, 8.5, 0 30 6.1, 8. 5, 0 

31 6.1, 8.5, 0 32 6.1, 8 .5, 0 33 6.1, 8.5, 0 34 6.1, 8. 5, 0 35 6.1, 8. 5, 0 36 6.1, a. 5, 0 

SOURCE ID: B225D 

IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAK IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX 

1 6.1, 23.8, 0 2 6.1, 23.8, 0 3 6.1, 23.8, 0 4 6.1, 23.8, 0 5 6.1, :u.s, 0 6 6.1, 23.8, 0 

7 6.1, 23. 8, 0 8 6.1, 23.8, 0 9 6.1, 23.8, 0 10 6.1, 23. 8, 0 11 6.1, 23.8, 0 12 6.1, 23.8, 0 

'j-4 13 6 .1, 23.8, 0 14 6.1, 23 .8, 0 15 6.1, 23 .8, 0 16 6.1, 23.8, 0 17 6.1, 23.8, 0 18 6.1, 23 .8, 0 

19 6.1, 23.8, 0 20 6.1, 23.8, 0 21 6.1, 23.a, 0 22 6.1, 23.a, 0 23 6.1, 23.8, 0 24 6.1, 23 .a. o 

- 25 6.1, 23.8, 0 26 6.1, 23 .a, o 27 6.1, 23.a, 0 28 6.1, 23.8, 0 29 6.1, 23.8, 0 30 6.1, 23.a, 0 

0 31 6.1, 23.8, 0 32 6.1, 23 .8, 0 33 6.1, 23.a, 0 34 6.1, 23.8, 0 35 6.1, 23.a, 0 36 6.1, 23.8, 0 

SOURCE ID: B230D 

IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX 

1 6.1, 23.a, 0 2 6.1, 23 .a, 0 3 6.1, 23.a, 0 4 6.1, 23.a, 0 5 6.1, 23.8, 0 6 6.1, 23.a, 0 

7 6.1, 23.8, 0 a 6.1, 23.8, 0 9 6.1, 23.8, 0 10 6.1, 23.a, 0 11 6.1, 23.8, 0 12 6.1, 23 .a. 0 

13 6.1, 23.8, 0 14 6.1, 23 .a, o 15 6.1, 23 .8, 0 16 6.1, 23.a, 0 17 6.1, 23 .a, 0 18 6.1, 23.a, 0 

19 6.1, 23.a, 0 20 6.1, 23 .a, 0 21 6.1, 23.8, 0 22 6.1, 23. a, 0 23 6.1, 23.a, 0 24 6.1, 23.a, 0 

25 6.1, 23. a, 0 26 6.1, 23.8, 0 27 6.1, :.13.8, 0 2a 6.1, 23.a, 0 29 6.1, 23.8, 0 30 6.1, 23.a, 0 

31 6 .1, 23 .a, 0 32 6.1, ·23 .a. 0 33 6.1, 23.a, 0 34 6.1, 23.8, 0 35 6.1, 23.8, 0 36 6.1, 23 .8, 0 

-
*** ISCST2 - VERSION 93109 *** u • Autobody Shop Run 1 ... 05/l4/95 ••• Lindbergh (Coastal) Meteorology ... 17:12:43 

PAGE 7 

*** MODELING OPTIONS USED: CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT 

en ••• DIRECTION SPECIFIC BUILDING DIMENSIONS ••• .g 

..... 

0 SOURCE ID: B325D 3 IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX 

cr 1 6.1, 38.1, 0 2 6.1, 38.1, 0 3 6.1, 38.1, 0 4 6.1, 38.1, 0 5 6.1, 38.1, 0 6 6.1, 38 .1, 0 

~ 7 6.1, 38.1, 0 8 6.1, 38.1, 0 9 6.1, 38.1, 0 10 6.1, 38.1, 0 11 6.1, 38 .1, 0 12 6.1, 38.1, 0 

13 6.1, 38.1, 0 u 6.1, 38.1, 0 15 6.1, 38.1, 0 16 6.1, 38.1, 0 17 6.1, 38.1, 0 18 6.1, 38.1, 0 

19 6.1, 38 .1, 0 20 6.1. 38.1, 0 21 6.1, 38 .1, 0 22 6.1, 38 .1, 0 23 6.1, 38.1, 0 24 6.1, 38 .1, 0 ,..._ 25 6.1, 38.1, 0 26 6.1. 38.1, 0 27 6.1, 38.1, 0 28 6.1, 38.1, 0 29 6.1, 38.1, 0 30 6.1, 38 .1, 0 

1.0 31 6.1, 38 .1, 0 32 6.1, 38 .1, 0 33 6.1, 38.1, 0 34 6.1, 38 .1, 0 35 6.1, 38.1, 0 36 6. 1, 38.1, 0 

1.0 

0\ 

SOURCE ID: B330D 

IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX 

1 6.1, 38.1, 0 2 6.1. 38.1, 0 3 6.1, 38.1, 0 4 6.1, 38.1, 0 5 6.1, 38.1, 0 6 6.1, 38.1, 0 

7 6.1, 38.1, 0 8 6.1, 38.1, 0 9 6.1. 38.1, 0 10 6.1, 38.1, 0 11 6.1, 38.1, 0 12 6.1, 38.1, 0 

13 6.1, 38.1, 0 14 6.1, 38.1, 0 15 6.1, 38.1, 0 16 6.1, 38.1, 0 17 6.1, 38.1, 0 18 6.1, 38.1, 0 

19 6.1, 38 .1, 0 20 6.1, 38.1, 0 21 6.1, 38 .1, 0 22 6.1, 38.1, 0 23 6.1, 38.1, 0 24 6 .1, 38.1, 0 

25 6.1, 38.1, 0 26 6.1, 38.1, 0 27 6.1, 38.1, 0 28 6.1, 38.1, 0 29 6.1, 38.1, 0 30 6.1, 38.1, 0 

31 6.1, 38.1, 0 32 6.1, 38.1, 0 33 6.1, 38.1, 0 34 6.1, 38.1, 0 35 6.1, 38.1, 0 36 6 .1, 38 .1, 0 

SOURCE ID: B425D 

IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX 

1 6.1, 54. 9, 0 2 6.1, 54.9, 0 3 6.1, 54.9, 0 4 6.1, 54.9, 0 5 6.1, 54.9, 0 6 6 .1, 54.9, 0 

7 6.1, 54.9, 0 8 6.1, 54.9, 0 9 6.1, 54.9, 0 10 6.1, 54.9, 0 11 6.1, 54.9, 0 12 6.1, 54.9, 0 

~ 13 6.1, 54.9, 0 14 6.1, 54.9, 0 15 6.1, 54.9, 0 16 6.1, 54.9, 0 17 6.1, 54.9, 0 18 6.1, 54.9, 0 I 19 6.1, 54. 9, 0 20 6.1, 54.9, 0 21 6.1. 54.9, 0 22 6.1, 54.9, 0 23 6.1, 54.9, 0 24 6.1. 54 .9, 0 ,..._ 25 6.1, 54. 9, 0 26 6.1. 54.9, 0 27 6.1. 54.9, 0 28 6.1, 54.9, 0 29 6.1, 54. 9, 0 30 6.1, 54.9. 0 

- 31 6.1, 54. 9, 0 32 6.1, 54.9, 0 33 6.1. 54.9, 0 34 6.1, 54.9, 0 35 6.1, 54.9, 0 36 6.1, 54.9, 0 

SOURCE ID: B430D 

IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX IFV BH BW WAX 

1 6.1, 54.9, 0 2 6.1, 54.9, 0 3 6.1. 54.9, 0 4 6.1, 54.9, 0 5 6.1, 54.9, 0 6 6 .1, 54.9, 0 

7 6.1, 54.9, 0 8 6 .1. 54 .9, 0 9 6.1, 54.9, 0 10 6.1, 54.9, 0 11 6.1, 54.9, 0 12 6.1, 54 .9, 0 

13 6.1, 54. 9, 0 14 6.1, 54.9, 0 15 6.1. 54.9, 0 16 6.1, 54.9, 0 17 6.1, 54. 9, 0 18 6.1, 54. 9, 0 

19 6.1, 54. 9, 0 20 6.1, 54.9, 0 21 6.1. 54.9, 0 22 6.1, 54. 9, 0 23 6.1, 54.9, 0 24 6.1, 54.9, 0 

25 6.1, 54.9, 0 26 6.1, 54 .9, 0 27 6.1, 54 .9, 0 28 6.1, 54 .9, 0 29 6.1, 54 .9, 0 30 6.1, 54.9, 0 

31 6.1, 54. 9, 0 32 6.1, 54. 9, 0 33 6.1, 54.9, 0 34 6.1, 54. 9, 0 35 6.1, 54. 9, 0 36 6 .1, 54. 9, 0 
en 

.g 

0 

3 

0" 

~ 

....... 

\0 

\0 

0\ 

~ 

..... 

N 

*** ISCST2 - VERSION 93109 *** *** Autobody Shop Run 1 

*** Lindbergh (Coastal) Meteorology 

*** MODELING OPTIONS USED: CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT 

* * * GRIDDED RECEPTOR NETWORK SUMMARY * * * 

*** NETWORK ID: AUTO I NETWORK TYPE: GRIDPOLR * * * 

*** ORIGIN FOR POLAR NETWORK *** 

X-ORIG • 0.00 I Y-ORIG • 0.00 (METERS) 

* • • DISTANCE RANGES OF NETWORK * * • 

(METERS) 

10.0, 25.0, 50.0, 75.0, 100.0, 125.0, 150.0, 175.0, 

300.0, 350.0, 400.0, 450.0, 500.0, 600.0, 750.0, 1000.0, 

* * * DIRECTION RADIALS OF NETWORK * * * 

(DEGREES) 

360.0, 10.0, 20.0, 30.0, 40.0, 50.0, 60.0, 70.0, 

100.0, 110.0, 120.0, 130.0, 140.0, 150.0, 160.0, 170. 0, 

200.0, 210.0, 220.0, 230.0, 240.0, 250.0, 260.0, 270. 0, 

300.0, 310.0, 320.0, 330.0, 340.0, 350.0, 

200.0, 

80.0, 

180.0, 

280.0, 

... 

... 

250.0, 

90.0, 

190.0, 

290.0, 

05/24/95 

17:12:43 

PAGE 8 

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(/) 

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Cb 

3 

0" 

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....... 

\0 

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<-.j 

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....... 

w 

••• ISCST2 - VERSION 93109 *** *** Autobody Shop Run 1 ... ••• Lindbergh (Coastal) Meteorology ... ••• MODELING OPTIONS USED: CONC RURAL FLAT DFAULT 

*** METEOROLOGICAL DAYS SELECTED FOR PROCESSING *** 

(1•YES; O=NO) 

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 

METEOROLOGICAL DATA PROCESSED BETWEEN START DATE: 88 1 1 1 AND END DATE: 88 12 31 24 

NOTE: METEOROLOGICAL DATA ACTUALLY PROCESSED WILL ALSO DEPEND ON WHAT IS INCLUDED IN THE DATA FILE. 

STABILITY 

CATEGORY 

A 

B 

c 

D 

E 

F 

STABILITY 

CATEGORY 

A 

B 

c 

D 

E 

F 

UPPER BOUND OF FIRST THROUGH FIFTH WIND SPEED CATEGORIES *** 

(METERS/SEC) 

1 

.70000E-01 

.700008-01 

.100008+00 

.15000E+00 

.350008+00 

.550008+00 

1 

.OOOOOE+OO 

.000008+00 

.000008+00 

.OOOOOE+OO 

.20000E-01 

.350008-01 

1.54, 3 .09, 5.14, 8.23, 10.80, 

*** WIND PROFILE EXPONENTS *** 

WIND SPEED CATEGORY 

2 3 4 

.70000E-01 .70000E-01 .700008-01 

.700008-01 .70000E-01 .700008-01 

.10000E+OO .100008+00 .10000E+00 

.15000E+00 .150008+00 .15000E+00 

.350008+00 .350008+00 .350008+00 

.55000E+OO .55000E+00 .55000E+00 

*** VERTICAL POTENTIAL TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS *** 

(DEGREES ltELVIN PER METER) 

WIND SPEED CATEGORY 

2 

.OOOOOE+OO 

.OOOOOE+OO 

.000008+00 

.OOOOOE+OO 

.200008-01 

.35000E-Ol 

3 

.OOOOOE+OO 

.OOOOOE+OO 

.000008+00 

.OOOOOB+OO 

.20000E-01 

.35000E-01 

4 

.OOOOOE+OO 

.OOOOOE+OO 

.000008+00 

,OOOOOB+OO 

.20000E-01 

.35000E-01 

5 

.70000E-01 

.70000E-01 

.100008+00 

.150008+00 

.35000E+OO 

.55000E+OO 

5 

.OOOOOE+OO 

.OOOOOE+OO 

.000008+00 

.OOOOOE+OO 

.200008-01 

.350008-01 

6 

.70000E-01 

.700008-01 

.10000E+OO 

.15000E+OO 

.350008+00 

.55000E+00 

6 

.OOOOOE+OO 

.OOOOOE+OO 

.OOOOOE+OO 

,OOOOOE+OO 

.200008-01 

.35000E-01 

05/24/95 

17:12:43 

PAGE 20 

-
Cll 

t1> 

"0 

~ [ 

-1.0 

1.0 

0\ 

..... 

~ 

Scenario 

Number 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

Scenario 

Number 

1 

2 

3 

4 

.f> 

6 

7 

Scenario 

Number 

1 

2 

~ 

4 

5 

6 

7 

Maximum X/Q Values (ug/m3 per g/s) at Selected Distances 

for Various Source Types and Meteorological Regimes 

Table J-1 

Max X/Q at or beyond specified distances for the Annual Avg Period 

Source Max X/Q at 10 m or beyond Max X/Q at 25 m or beyond 

Description San Diego SCREEN2 San Diego 

Coastal Inland Rural Urban Coastal 

25-ft stack, 30 tps velocity 51 36 69 77 51 

25-ft stack, 75 fps velocity 15 11 22 36 15 

30-ft stack, 30 fps velocity 28 26 26 55 28 

30-ft stack, 75 fps velocity 11 8 12 26 11 

25-ft stack with obstruction to vertical flow 235 455 1015 423 235 

30-ft stack with obstruction to vertical flow 96 177 450 205 96 

Fugitive release outside of a building 7667 13101 10808 5964 2450 

Table J-2 

Max X/Q at or beyond specified distances for the Monthly Avg Period 

Inland 

36 

11 

26 

8 

455 

177 

5433 

SCREEN2 

Rural Urban 

69 77 

22 36 

26 55 

12 26 

1002 410 

450 205 

6932 2228 

Source Max X/Q at 10 m or beyond Max X/Q at 25 m or beyond 

Description San Diego SCREEN2 San Diego 

Coastal Inland Rural Urban Coastal 

25-ft stack, 30 tps ve1oc1ty 88 59 260 289 88 

25-ft stack, 75 fps velocity 24 18 82 137 24 

30-ft stack, 30 fps velocity 47 43 98 205 47 

30-ft stack, 75 fps velocity 18 14 46 99 18 

25-ft stack with obstruction to vertical flow 364 1014 3807 1585 364 

30-ft stack with obstruction to vertical flow 149 395 1688 769 149 

Fugitive release outside of a building 11614 27658 40530 22365 3776 

Table J-3 

Max X/Q at or beyond specified distances for the Hourly Avg Period 

Inland 

59 

18 

43 

14 

1014 

395 

11624 

SCREEN2 

Rural Urban 

260 289 

82 137 

98 205 

46 99 

3759 1538 

1688 769 

25995 8355 

Source Max X/Q at 10 m or beyond Max X/Q at 25 m or beyond 

Description San Diego SCREEN2 San Diego SCREEN2 

Coastal Inland Rural Urban Coastal Inland Rural Urban 

25-ft stack, 30 tps ve1oc1ty 758 797 868 964 758 797 868 964 

25-ft stack, 75 fps velocity 278 279 274 456 278 279 274 456 

30-ft stack, 30 fps velocity 414 369 326 682 414 369 326 682 

30-ft stack, 75 fps velocity 148 151 153 328 148 151 153 328 

25-ft stack with obstruction to vertical flow 11635 12552 12690 5283 11635 12552 12530 5127 

30-ft stack with obstruction to vertical flow 4659 5065 5627 2562 4659 5065 5627 2562 

Fugitive releasE! ()lltsi~E!of a building 134352 134977 135100 74550 134352 86607 86650 27850 

Max X/Q at 50 m or beyond 

San Diego SCREEN2 

Coasta Inland Rural Urban 

51 36 69 63 

15 11 22 31 

28 26 26 53 

11 8 12 26 

190 367 842 330 

96 177 450 195 

877 2283 3829 813 

Max X/Q at 50 m or beyond 

San Diego SCREEN2 

Coasta Inland Rural Urban 

88 59 260 237 

24 18 82 118 

47 43 98 198 

18 14 46 99 

364 1014 3159 1239 

149 395 1688 730 

3776 11624 14358 3048 

Max X/Q at 50 m or beyond 

San Diego SCREEN2 

Coasta Inland Rural Urban 

758 797 868 790 

278 279 274 394 

414 369 326 659 

148 151 153 328 

9691 10533 10530 4131 

4659 5065 5627 2433 i 

46277 47846 47860 10160 

-
w 

1 

1f 

"' "' 0\ 

:::;; 

Relative Dispersion Factors For Use in Scoping Risk Assessments for Autobody Shops 

Meteorological Setting (1): Generic with Rural Setting Table J-4 

Scenario Source Stack Exit Exit Maximum Annual Average X/Q Values (ug/m3)/(g/s as a Function of Receptor Oistance (meters) (2) 

Number Type Heigh Velocity Diam. 

(feel) (f/s) (feet) 10 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 750 1000 

1 Stack 25 30 2.5 0.0002 35 54 67 63 60 57 53 50 44 :m 3!.i 32 30 27 23 ;-~, ;.:1 

2 " 25 75 2.0 0.005 16 20 22 21 19 18 15 14 13 12 12 11 10 11 12 13 13 

3 " 30 30 2.5 0.00001 6 25 25 24 25 26 25 25 24 25 24 23 21 21 20 20 20 

4 " 30 75 2.0 0.001 2 6 12 12 11 11 11 11 9 9 8 8 8 9 11 11 11 

5 " 25 0 2.0 NA 1002 842 636 494 404 342 296 260 209 172 146 125 112 99 79 61 42 

6 " 30 0 2.0 NA 228 403 395 331 287 255 229 208 175 150 130 114 101 92 75 58 41 

7 FIJgltive h=2.5'--ln<::1.~'--.!}'=0.7 10808 6932 3829 2433 1693 1252 967 773 640 457 345 271 220 182 154 115_......J!1_ 52 

Table J-5 

Scenario Source Stack Exit Exit Maximum Monthly Average X/Q Values (ug/m3)/(g/s as a Function of Recejltor Distance {meters) (2) 

Number Type Heigh Velocity Diam. 

(feet) (f/s) (feet) 10 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 750 1000 

1 Stack 25 30 2.5 0.001 133 202 251 237 225 212 199 187 165 147 133 120 111 102 88 94 87 

2 " 25 75 2.0 0.02 59 76 82 77 73 67 56 52 47 47 45 41 38 42 47 47 48 

3 " 30 30 2.5 0.00004 21 95 94 91 92 96 95 93 92 92 90 85 80 77 76 77 76 

4 " 30 75 2.0 0.004 6 22 44 45 42 42 41 40 35 32 31 30 30 34 39 42 40 

5 " 25 0 2.0 NA 3759 3159 2384 1851 1516 1283 1111 977 782 647 547 470 418 370 298 228 158 

6 . 30 0 2.0 NA 854 1511 1482 1240 1077 956 860 781 657 563 489 429 380 343 281 217 154 

7 Fugitive h=2.5 sx-1.4 sy=0.7 40530 25995 14358 9123 6348 4695 3627 2898 2399 1715 1295 1018 824 683 577 430 304 195 

Table J-6 

Scenario Source Stack Exit Exit Maximum Hourly Average X/Q Values (ug/m3)/(g/s) as a Function of Receptor Distance (meters I (2) 

Number Type Heigh Velocity Diam. 

(feet) (f/s) (feet) 10 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 750 1000 

1 Stack 25 30 2.5 0.002 443 673 836 791 749 707 665 624 548 491 444 400 370 342 292 314 290 

2 n 25 75 2.0 0.06 197 252 274 258 243 222 188 175 157 156 148 138 128 141 155 158 159 

3 . 30 30 2.5 0.0001 7f 316 312 302 307 320 316 310 305 308 299 283 266 257 254 256 252 

4 . 30 75 2.0 0.01 20 73 147 149 140 141 138 133 116 108 102 101 100 114 131 139 133 

5 " 25 0 2.0 O.OE+OO 12530 10530 7948 6170 5053 4277 3702 3256 2607 2155 1822 1567 1394 1234 992 762 527 

6 " 30 0 2.0 O.OE+OO 2846 5038 4940 4132 3590 3186 2867 2604 2190 1877 1630 1430 1267 1144 937 722 512 

7 Fugitive h•2.5 sx•1.4 sy=0.7 135100 86650 47860 30410 21160 15650 12090 9860 7995 5715 4316 3392 2747 2277 1923 1432 1013 650 

1. Tables are available for San Diego coastal and inland settings and generic meteorology (using the SCREEN2 model) for both rural and urban settings. 

2. Annual and monthly values were extrapolated from hourly values using factors of 0.08 and 0.3, respectively. 
(/l 

n 

1 

1! 

~ 

..... 

0: 

Scenario 

Number 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

Scenario 

Number 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

() 

7 

Scenario 

Number 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

Relative Dispersion Factors For Use in Scoping Risk Assessments for Autobody Shops 

Meteorological Setting (1) Generic with Urban Setting 

Source Stack 

Type Heigh 

(feet) 

Stack 25 

" 25 

" 30 

" 30 

" 25 

" 30 

Fugitive h=2.5 

Source Stack 

Type Heigh 

(feet) 

Stack 25 

" 25 . 30 

" 30 . 25 . 30 

Fug~ h=2.5 

Source I Stack 

Type Heigh 

(feet) 

Stack 1 25 

25 

30 

30 

25 

30 

Fugltiveffi=2.5 

Exit 

Velocity 

(f/s) 

30 

75 

30 

75 

0 

0 

sx=1.4 

Exit 

Velocity 

(f/s) 

30 

75 

30 

75 

0 

0 

sx=1.4 

Exit 

Velocity 

(f/s) 

30 

75 

30 

75 

0 

0 

sx=1.4 

Exit 

Diam. 

(feet) 

2.5 

2.0 

2.5 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

sy=0.7 

Exit 

Diam. 

(feet) 

2.5 

2.0 

2.5 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

sy=0.7 

Exit 

Diam. 

(feet) 

2.5 

2.0 

2.5 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

sy=0.7 

10 

0.00003 

0.006 

0.00002 

0.001 

NA 

NA 

5964 

10 

0.0001 

0.02 

0.00007 

0.005 

NA 

NA 

~2365 

10 

0.0003 

0~07 

0.0002 

0.02 

OJJE+OO 

O.OE+OO 

74550 

25 

17 

36 

51 

24 

410 

175 

-~~2~ 

25 

289 

136 

191 

90 

1538 

656 

8355 

25 

964 

454 

638 

301 

5127 

2185 

27850 

50 

63 

31 

53 

26 

330 

195 

813 

50 

237 

118 

198 

99 

1239 

730 

3048 

50 

790 

394 

659 

328 

4131 

2433 

10160 

Table J-7 

Maximum Annual Average X/Q Values (ug/m3)/(g/s) as a Function of Receptor Distance (meters) (2) 

75 100 125 150 175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 

49 41 36 37 38 37 32 27 22 19 16 14 

25 20 16 15 18 20 21 19 17 15 14 12 

41 35 27 30 32 32 29 25 21 18 16 13 

21 18 14 12 15 17 18 18 16 14 13 11 

249 183 137 106 84 69 48 36 28 23 19 16 

179 155 125 100 82 67 48 36 28 23 19 16 

420 258 176 128 98 78 53 38 29 23 19 16 

Table J-8 

Maximum Monthi~ Average X/Q Values (ug/m3)/(g/s as a Function of Receptor Distance (meters) (2) 

75 100 125 150 175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 

185 154 135 140 144 139 120 101 84 71 60 52 

92 76 62 57 69 76 78 72 65 57 51 45 

153 130 101 112 121 121 109 94 80 68 58 51 

77 67 54 46 56 64 69 66 60 54 48 43 

934 685 514 398 317 258 181 135 105 85 70 59 

671 581 469 377 306 253 180 135 105 85 70 59 

1576 968 659 480 367 .2~ L_197 144 110 88 72 61 

Table J-9 

MaX'irrium Hourly Average X/Q Values (ug/m3)/(g7s) as a Function of Receptor Distance (meters} (2} 

75 100 125 150 175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 

618 512 451 468 480 464 401 335 -28lr 236 202 174 

308 252 206 191 231 253 259 241 216 191 169 150 

511 434 338 373 403 403 364 312 265 226 194 169 

257 222 180 154 186 213 230 220 201 180 161 144 

3114 2283 1714 1326 1055 860 604 450 350 282 233 196 

2237 1935 1563 1256 1020 842 600 450 351 283 234 197 

5252 3228 2197 1601 1223 969 658 480 368 294 241 202 

1. Tables are available for San Diego coastal and inland settings and generic meteorology (using the SCREEN2 model) for both rural and urban settings. 

2. Annual and monthly values were extrapolated from hourly values using factors of 0.08 and 0.3, respectively. 

600 750 1000 

11 8 5 

10 7 5 

10 8 5 

9 7 5 

12 8 5 

12 8 5 

12 8 5 

600 750 1000 

40 29 19 

36 27 18 

39 28 19 

35 26 18 

44 31 20 

44 31 20 

45 31 20 

600 750 1000 

134 97 63 

120 89 60 

131 95 63 

116 87 59 

146 103 66 

147 103 66 

150 104 67 

-
Cll 

" "'0 

!> 

3 

Sf 

-.o 

-.o 

"' 

.... 

::::; 

Scenario 

Number 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

Scenario 

Number 

1 

2 

;j 

4 

5 

6 

7 

Scenario 

Number 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

Relative Dispersion Factors For Use in Scoping Risk Assessments for Autobody Shops 

Meteorological Setting (1): San Diego Coastal Setting Table J-10 

Source Stack Exit Exit Maximum Annual Avera! e XJQ Values (u~/m3)/(g/s) as a Function of Receptor Distance (meters) 

Type Heigh Velocity Diam. 

(feet) (f/s) (feet) 10 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 

stack 25 30 2.5 NA 22 40 51 49 44 39 34 29 23 19 16 13 11 10 

" 25 75 2.0 NA 0.3 3 9 13 14 15 15 14 13 11 10 9 8 7 

" 30 30 2.5 NA 0.8 10 22 27 28 27 25 23 19 16 13 12 10 9 

" 30 75 2.0 NA 0.004 0.7 4 7 9 10 11 11 10 9 8 8 7 6 

" 25 0 2.0 NA 235 190 142 107 84 68 56 47 35 27 22 18 15 13 

" 30 0 2.0 NA 54 93 96 81 68 58 49 43 33 26 21 18 15 13 

Fugitive h=2.5 sx=1.4 sy=0.7 7667 2450 877 456 282 193 141 108 85 58 42 32 25 21 17 

Table J-11 

Source Stack Exit Exit Maximum Monthly Avera e XJQ Values {u /m3jlfg/s) as a Function of Receptor Distance (meters) 

Type Heigh Velocity Diam. 

(feet) (f/s) (feet) 10 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 

Stack 25 30 2.5 NA 35 68 88 85 78 69 61 54 42 34 28 24 20 18 

" 25 75 2.0 0.0002 2 5 14 21 24 24 24 23 21 19 17 15 13 12 H 30 30 2.5 NA 1 17 37 46 47 46 44 40 34 28 24 21 18 16 

" 30 75 2.0 0.00002 0 1 7 13 16 17 18 18 17 16 14 13 12 11 

" 25 0 2.0 NA 364 294 220 165 129 104 86 72 54 42 33 27 23 20 

" 30 0 2.0 NA 83 143 149 127 107 90 76 66 50 40 32 27 22 19 

Fugitive h=2.5 sx-1.4 sy=0.7 11614 3776 1321 679 418 285 207 159 128 88 65 50 40 33 27 

Table J-12 

Source Stack Exit Exit Maximum Hourly Average XJQ Values (ug/m3J/(g/s) as a Function of Receptor Distance (meters (2) 

Type Heigh Velocity Diam. 

(feet) (f/s) (feet) 10 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 

stack 25 30 2.5 NA 580 ?58 745 665 607 559 514 478 480 462 434 402 ;j/U J;j9 

" 25 75 2.0 0.02 189 258 278 258 269 258 241 212 164 153 144 133 124 122 

" 30 30 2.5 NA 53 305 320 401 414 393 361 327 337 335 311 284 258 243 

" 30 75 2.0 0.006 15 88 147 148 144 144 139 134 122 127 125 117 112 108 

" 25 0 2.0 NA 11635 9691 7280 5630 4596 3879 3350 2940 2345 1933 1630 1398 1241 1096 

" 30 0 2.0 NA 2668 4659 4539 3779 3272 2895 2598 2354 1973 1684 1459 1277 1128 1017 

Fugitive h=2.5 sx-1.4 sy=0.7 134352 85197 46277 29047 20020 15778 13537 11870 10581 8713 7423 6476 5751 5177 4711 

1. Tables are available for San Diego coastal and inland settings and generic meteorology (using the SCREEN2 model) for both rural and urban settings. 

2. The ISCST model did not perform calculations in turbulent building wake areas. 

600 750 1000 

8 6 4 

6 5 3 

7 5 4 

5 4 3 

10 7 5 

10 7 5 

12 __!____ 5 

600 750 1000 

14 10 6 I 

10 8 5 

12 9 6 

9 7 5 I 

15 10 7 

15 10 7 

20 14 8 

600 750 1000 

29;j 242 187 

128 124 131 

225 190 153 

109 110 111 

878 671 461 

830 636 448 

4000 3271 2522 

-
i 

3 

!! 

:8 

a00 

Scenario 

Number 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

Scenario 

Number 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

() 

7_ 

Scenario 

Number 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

Relative Dispersion Factors For Use In Scoping Risk Assessments for Autobody Shops 

Meteorological Setting (1) San Diego Inland Setting 

Source I StaCk 

Type Heigh 

(feet) 

Stack 1-25 

25 

30 

30 

25 

30 

F(Jgitivel h=2.5 

Source Stack 

Type Heigh 

(feet) 

Stack 25 

" 25 

" 30 

" 30 

" 25 

" 30 

F!Jgi~ h=2.5 

Source Stack 

Type Heigh 

(feet) 

Stack 25 . 25 

" 30 

" 30 

" 25 . 30 

Fugitive h=2.5 

Exit 

Velocity 

(f/s) 

30 

75 

30 

75 

0 

0 

sx=1.4 

Exit 

Velocity 

(f/s) 

30 

75 

30 

75 

0 

0 

sx=1.4 

Exit 

Velocity 

(f/s) 

30 

75 

30 

75 

0 

0 

sx=1.4 - --

Exit 

Diam. 

(feet) 

2.5 

2.0 

2.5 

2~0 

2.0 

2.0 

sy=0.7 

Exit 

Diam. 

(feet) 

2.5 

2.0 

2.5 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

sy=0.7 

Exit 

Diam. 

(feet) 

2.5 

2.0 

2.5 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

!;y=0.7 

10 25 

0.00001 5 

0.002 0.05 

NA 0.7 

0.0009 0.004 

NA 455 

NA 104 

13101 5433 

10 25 

0.00004 10 

0.007 0.4 

NA 2 

0.002 0.02 

NA 1014 

NA 232 

27658 11624 

10 25 

0.003 558 

0.1 182 

0.0002 51 

0.03 10 

NA 12552 

NA 2878 

134977 86607 

50 

25 

2 

12 

0.7 

367 

177 

2283 

50 

45 

4 

25 

2 

820 

395 

4935 

50 

709 

237 

308 

108 

10533 

5065 

47846 

Table J-13 

Maximum AnnuafAverage X/Q Values (ug7m3)/(g/s)as a Function of ReceptorDistance {m~~rli) 

75 I 100 125 150 175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 

36~ 36 33 30 26 23 19 16 f3 11 10 9 

6 I 9 10 11 11 10 9 8 8 7 6 6 

23 I 26 26 24 22 20 17 14 12 10 9 8 

3 I 6 7 8 8 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 

271 I 206 166 138 118 102 80 65 54 46 40 35 

171 I 141 121 105 93 83 68 57 49 42 37 33 

1277 I 822 576 428 331 267 183 135 103 82 67 56 

Table J-14 

Maximum Monthly Avera e X/Q Values (u /m3)/(g/s) as a Function of Receptor Distance (meters) 

75 100 125 150 175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 

59 56 50 44 38 34 28 23 20 27 15 14 

12 17 18 18 17 16 14 1~ 11 10 9 8 

41 43 41 37 33 30 24 21 18 16 14 12 

7 11 13 14 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 8 

607 463 372 310 264 229 179 145 121 102 90 78 

384 318 272 238 210 188 154 129 109 94 82 73 

2774 1793 1260 938 727 ~~ 404 ' 29_Z._ 22~ 182 148 124 

Table J-15 

Maximum Hourly Average X/Q Values (ug/m3}/(g/sj as a Function of Receptor Distance (meters (2) 

75 100 125 150 175 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 

797 667 577 509 449 406 409 384 35~ ;i52_ 342_ 327 

279 261 239 228 227 219 182 161 151 138 129 142 

312 303 311 320 314 317 369 368 344 314 308 295 

151 148 142 143 137 131 121 124 124 119 117 120 

7951 6171 5054 4277 3701 3255 2606 2154 1821 1566 1393 1233 

4958 4143 3598 3192 2871 2607 2192 1878 1630 1431 1267 1144 

32341 25761 21470 _18442 16187 14441 11909 10156 8869 7882 7101 6466 

1. Tables are available for San Diego coastal and inland settings and generic meteorology (using the SCREEN2 model) for both rural and urban settings. 

2. The ISCST model did not perform calculations in turbulent building wake areas. 

600 750 1000 

7 5 5 

5 4 3 

6 5 4 

4 3 3 

28 21 14 

26 20 14 

41 28 17 

600 750 1000 

12 9 7 

7 6 5 

11 9 9 

7 6 6 

62 46 31 

59 44 30 

90 62 39 

600 750 1000 

292 314 290 

157 159 160 1 

263 256 252 

133 140 135 

992 761 526 

937 722 512 

5495 4501 3477 

-
-

• 

-

C) 

--(f) 

E 

-

C) 

= -

0 

-

>< 

1200 

1000 

800 

600 

400 

200 

0 

0 

Effect of removing obstruction to vertical flow - 25 ft stack -

Annual calculation 

• 30 fps - San Diego 

Coastal 

--D- 0 fps - San Diego 

1\ Coastal \ 

30 fps - San Diego 

Inland 

l 

1 -----<>- 0 fps - San Diego 

I 

Inland 

... 30 fps - Generic \ Rural 

--tr-- 0 fps - Generic Rural 

1\ 

\ • 30 fps - Generic 

1 Urban 

_g \ · --o- 0 fps - Generic 

c 

\ Urban 

h 

~ ~ 

l\ !~ 

): 

~ ~ " '\ 

~ 

~ ~"> ~ 

t ~"c 'tl ........, 

a_ .,_c h' r---...IA. ~ ;-b. r-- - -h ~ ~ I~ ro-M -- K"'!i n. ~ :A ...... 

t: ..... ..... ~ l=- lI T 

200 400 600 800 1000 

Distance from source {m) 

September 1996 J- 19 

I 
450 

400 

350 

300 

-

~ 0) 

$: 250 

(') 

E 

-

0) 

:::J 

- 200 

150 

100 

50 

0 

Effect of removing obstruction to vertical flow - 30 ft stack -

Annual calculation 

• 30 fps - San Diego 

Coastal 

6. ---o- 0 fps - San Diego 't. 

Coastal 

\ 30 fps- Sari Diego I 

I Inland 

k 

\ ---o- 0 fps - San Diego \ 

\ Inland 

~ • 30 fps - Generic \ 

\ Rural 

b. 

1\ --t:r- 0 fp~ - Generic Rural •[.. 1'1, 

\ • 30 fps - Generic ~, 

) \ Urban 

\." \ 

Q ~ lA -o_-- 0 tps.- Generic ,\ \ 

¥:) \,.. Urban 

~ -- ~' ""' ~ I'.. 

"\ 

~ p 

n-( lh '"' ........ 

lh lh ["--.... 

' \ ......, ·'l ~ 

1 -\. "' !'""'- -- Q • --- w " v.... r- r--

\, 1~1 rv...... v r--.... -r--- I .. Ia. ...... Cl u.. o---0-

--< 

~· 

~ - I 

0 200 400 600 800 1000 

Distance from source (m) 

September 1996 J- 20 

I 
0 

>< 

80 

.. 

70 

60 

0 

.. 

30 

-i 

20 

10 

'-

0 ~ 

0 

1 

Effect of increasing stack height from 25 ft to 30 ft • exit 

velocity 30 fps - Annual calculation 

• 25 ft - San Diego 

Coastal 

--D- 30 ft - San Diego 

Coastal 

A 25 ft - San Diego 

II\ Inland 

~I.~ 

I ' ---<>- 30 ft - San Diego i\ 

'A. Inland 

I~ * 25 ft - Generic Rural 

\ 

.. \. -t::r-- 30 ft - Generic Rural 

\ \ 

I\ I. • 25 ft - Generic 

., \ :'\ ~ c • \ Urban 

.. Ia "' I\.. ~ ...... ~ --o- 30 ft - Generic 

I b\ I\_ \ ... Urban I ~ l:\t n.. "\ I \ \ \""'-. 1\ "-

_/ .r I P.. ........... 

..H: ;tc I~ \ "·• ~-

0"-t~ ~ ~ ' .h.' ........ ..£.. 

~l ~ 1M. ~11 1'--, .- .'\ " •"\ c 0- lS-

~ Ill. .. "')" 

b." 1'.. ~- ~ • r-..... u::::: ~ ~· ~ 1..)::: 

~ 

V'~· ~ ...... ~ \., 

~ ~ :--1--

..._, r-.. - - 1--

'-

200 400 600 800 

Distance from source (m} 

September 1996 J- 21 

I 

•r-

"td 

1000 
40 

35 

30 

15 

10 

5 

0 

l 

Effect of h1creasing stack height from 25 ft to 30 ft - exit 

velocity 75 fps - Annual calculation 

• 25 ft - San Diego 

Coastal 

• \ -o--- 30 ft - San Diego 

Coastal 

25 ft - San Diego 

Inland 

\ ---o- 30 ft - San Diego I lnlal'1d 

n 

A ,. • 25 ft - Generic Rural 

\ 

I \ -:--!::r-- 30 ft - Generic Rural 

""' ii " ~v-- ~ • 25 ft - Generic T 1~ I ·~ 

\_\ \ ,. 0. Urban 

~ ~I/ v· . "'0.. 

I u~ I . ~ • ['\... ·---<>- 30 ft - Generic .. '-' .. IV ['... '-1 • Urban 

..J I,_., '0.". 

I \ ~ 

1!1 ~ "' II- ..... M...: - r?--~ ..._ ... 1'--. I~ K" 

I .. I.IIIRI I'... "-...... v ""' .A ....- lilf 1\ "0. • b-. ~ v ~ \-.. 

I 'r Lo.< ~ ~ 1~ ./ ~ 

1 1/r{ ~ '"()... ...... I} .. , ~ ,._ ~ ~ 

J _L v -..;. ~ ~ H':i r--....... ....... ff/1 i/9 ......... 1()...: r.... -----~ ~ ~ 

..._ ~ 

[/ 

~ 

I 

C:.t'f 

~ l ~ 

0 200 400 -600 800 

Distance from source {m) 

September 1996 J- 22 

I 

·~ 

) 

1000 
I 

. Effect of in.creasing exit velocity from 30 fps to 75 fps - 25 

ft stack - Annual calculation 

• 30 fps - San Diego 

80 Coastal -

- -~ -{}-- 75 fps - San Diego -

Coastal -

-

- 3.0 fps - San Diego _ 70 

~ Inland - II\ - ft I ~ I ---o- 75 fps - San Diego -

l\ Inland -

- 60 

\ -

50 

-.!! 

c:n 

:;:;: 

C") 

~ 40 c:n 

= -

• 30 fps - Generic - "' ~~-

\ Rural -

.. ~ -

-fr--- 75 fps - Generic - I \ \ - I I\ Rural 

I \ i\ ""\ -

- 1. • \ • 30 fps - Generic - \ ill Ia ~ Urban - r ~ ~ 'l ~ - ·O 

x 

.. 7 \ 1\ \· A 

I ~ I~ " --o- 75 fps - Generic - II.. - '1' \ \ "\ ~ Urban 

-..; - ~ ~ 30 

\ .. \ • ~ 

~c \ \ ....... ....... ~ 

1\ 1\ ~ • _..j ~ 

• ~~ ~ h'\ ~ 

\· ~ r( r.. '1t- ) 20 

j . ~L-4 ~\...: " .' 

b. u hi A ...._ -r-...,~ ' ....... 

c( r"'-- 1m. "' l....,_ ~ .,... -.......... 

1/ Ll -<'>. u '-' ~ ~ ~ ~ <::::.. ~ ..... if_ P-f..(}. w r--o. J--. ~ -.....,._ "--.:::::-:--

10 

v v 1-< >- r-r- ro.. -.....; ~ :---- LA 

~ /, 

tJ' 'l" 

r;;J~ .., 0 I 

0 . 200 400 600 800 1000 

Distance from source (m) 

September 1996 J- 23 
60.0 

50.0 

40.0 

-

~ C) 

:::::::-

-(f) 

E a, 30.0 

-

= 

0 

-

>< 

20.0 

10.0 

0.0 

Effect of increa~ing exit velocity from 30 fps to 75 fps - 30 

ft stack - Annual calculation 

---1•1-- 30. fps - San Diego 

Coastal 

~ 75 tps - San Diego·. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Coastal · 

" 30 fps - San Diego 

Inland 

~~~---~---~~~---4---4--+--+--+--+--+1 -o- 75 fps - San Diego 

Inland 

\ ·"'-

'\ 

0 200 

• 

409 600 

Distance from source (m) 

30 fps - Generi!f 

Rural 

30 tps - Generic 

Urban 

800 1000 

September 1996 J- 24 

I 
-..!! 

en 

---(W) 

E 

-

en 

= 

-

e 

)( 

14000 

12000 

10000 

8000 

6000 

4000 

2000 

0 

Effect of removing obstruction to vertical flow - 25 ft stack -

Hourly calculation 

• 30 fps - San Diego 

Coastal 

-+---H-\-+--+--+--+--+--+---+----1 ---a- 0 fps .. San Diego 

I Coastal 

T 30 fps - San Diego 

Inland 

I--H-I--I--1--I--I--1--1----1 ~ 0 fps - San Diego 

Inland 

• 30 fps - Generic 

Rural 

1--l--l\--1--l--l--l--l--1----1 ---!::r-- 0 fps- Generic Rural ~---+--+---+--+---1 \ 

(') 

~ 

\ 

b 

\ 

• 30 fps - Generic 

Uman 

~ ~ 0 fps - Generic ~~~---~\-+--+--+--+--+-~ Uman 

~ 

l'h 

\ 

b 't:l~ -N;r--1----

I I 

0 200 400 600 

Distance from source (m) 

800 1000 

September 1996 J- 25 

I 
6000.0 

5000.0 

4000.0 

.!! -

m 

--· C') 

E -a, 3000.0 

= 

-

2000.0 

1000.0 

0.0 

Effect of removing obstruction to vertical flow - 30 ft .stack -

Hourly calculation 

• 30 fps - San Diego 

Coastal 

--a- o fps - San Diego 

f\ Coastal 

'2: 

30 fps - San Diego 

l Inland 

\ ~ 0 fps- San Diego _1 Inland 

\ .. 30 fps - Generic 

K RuraJ 

\ 

Ll -f:s-- 0 fps - Generic Rural 

.L ~~ • 30 fp·s - Gf3neric 

\ Urban 

h [\ 

.r-J lA'). \ --o- 0 fps - Generic 

If'(\ '-\ Urban 

Iii I~ 

~ ~ 

~ ~ '· 

r--

~ t """ ~ 

~ ~ ~ h .........._ 

'~ 'c " 0- ""2~ r- ~ • l: h "' ...... '0.. ~ I-ll - 1-r-

·--- r-1 ~ ---.... -.......: >-k>- --, 

h 'a. "" -... ' ..----< ""}A -r- .. _i, • I 

0 200 400 600 800 .1000 

Distance from source (m) 

September 1996 J- 26 

I 
-.!! 

C) 

---C') 

E 

-

C) 

= 

-

a 

-

>< 

1000 

900 

800 

700 

600 

500 

400' 

300 

200 

100 

0 

_. 

_i 

/ 

Effect of increasing stack height from 25 ft to 30 ft - exit 

velocity 30 fps - Hourly calculation 

• 25 ft - San Diego 

Coastal 

--o- 30 ft - San Diego 

Coastal 

., 25 ft - San Diego 

I \ Inland 

14 . - I \ 

.. -<>--- 30 tt - San Diego 

\ Inland ~ 

I'JL t-- • -o'~~ \ 

25 ft - Generic Rural 

~ \ -t:r-- 30 ft - Generic Rural 

\ \ 

\ . l.i. • 25 tt - Generic 

\ \ " Urban • \ 

\ .. - .... 1\ ... ..... ~ 30 ft - Generic <4i~!IJ I' "... 

1\..t ~ _\ 1\.. Urban 

J 1"\ .N llo. " I \ \ '" "\ r"... 

I ~ •• n\ r.t.. ~ 1\ '-I\ ~ 

~ ..(\,.J l+ \ ....... r.... rt:~ ~ ~ ' 1-- - - "' • .~ r-.... k"" 

-. "\ '\: \. 'fl ....... i\. 

~ 1\ ~'-" ~ '-' 

" ~ ~ ]',.._ 

IQ. "- ~ ... .... • ~ v.. ."'tii 'llr rn 

"'<: ~ tl" 

- ~I».. 

- "" :"' r- "C.}o..,. 

~ E:W: ::--f-. -r-.. 

c. t--

v ~ 

10 I 

0 200 400 600 800 . 1000 

Distance from source {m) 

September 1996 J- 27 

I 
500.0 

450.0 

400.0 

350.0 

~ 300.0 

Cl 

:::::-

-(") 

e c, 250.0 

-

= 

0 

>< 200.0 

150.0 

100.0 

50.0 

0.0 

0 

Effect of Increasing stack height from 25 ft to 30 ft - exit 

velocity 75 fps - Hourly calculation 

• 25 ft - San Diego 

Coastal 

• I --o- 30 ft - San Diego I Coastal 

~ . 25 ft - San Diego 

Inland 

-----o-- 30ft- San Diego 

Inland 

~ 

I ... ,..( 25 ft - Generic Rural I 

I 

I 

Wll -ts-- 30 ft - Generic Rural 

1\.N 

Iii.. a, .-.--..._ • 25 ft - Generic 1/ I I I'.. 

\ \ \ I.!. ""\ Urban n' \IT ~ ....... '\. 

I '(" ~ • 1 \~ ).., 1"\. ---o--- 30 ft - Generic 

A \,1 1\/ "\ 

_. Urban ~ "'" ~ 

'\ 1/ l r"'.. 

.1 \ "' ,.. ~ 

t'. ~ r-A-- "" r-.._ - t,-p... A 1--.. ITh ~ 

1/ ... _A J.S; ~- -., '"" ./: 1"'0 ~ 

PJ- ~ u...... ... I& ~ 

I ./J ~ u.. ......... .k (~ 

I' r ~ '"' I~ ....::r....J ~ ./ ~ 

I 1/..1. 1./" rY\ ...... "l:l.. ~ ~!:>... 

I ,.,... ""'() ........ J..... ~~--- v f':::::.::: 

lA ./.,./ ?-.... ~ '-7-'"" t-- '"'-1 I. ....... 1/ vr ~ 1:-- ""1 J..-. :---. r-.... fj """"'( t-- - ..,.. 

7i 

1 

'"-'! 

··~ ~ .... 

200 400 600 800 1000 

Distance from source (m) 

September 1996 J- 28 

I 
-G) 

-

C) 

---

C") 

E 

-

C) 

-

= 

a 

-

>< 

1000 

900 

800 

700 

600 

500 

400 

300 

200 

100 

0 

Effect of Increasing exit velocity from 30 fps to 75 fps - 25 

ft stack - Hourly calculation 

• 30 fps - San Diego 

Coastal 

.. --o- 75 fps - San Diego 

Coastal 

30 fps - San Diego .., Inland 

1\ 

/A 

I \ --o- 75 fps - San Diego l. Inland \ 

~ 

• 30 .fps - Generic ~ '». 

\ Rural 

IIIli \ 

1 \ \ ----ts-- 75 fps ~ Generic 

I Rural I I • I~ 

J \ \ '\. 

ir ~ \ • 30 fps - Generic \ .. A.. ~ -.... Urban 

_\... --~,. 1\. "ll 

I l.l. '\ 

I :'\ --o--- 75 fps - Generic l.:t lA 

I \ \ 1\. " ~ Urban 1t II ~ 

1\ \. 

\ I. \ 'IIIII,. " r-... 

( \ " !--- - • \.. ~ ---, 

• _,L~ \.- .'\. ~ I..)-- ). v-. 

\ """" " 10 ' ~ ...... 1 "'I "'-..'-'~ '- L.:>. .I ~ .... • \)... .......... 

,...~ ...... l,J-..... ........ "'llr )., ... )-' ~ .,g -II :::::-... ......... .. 'Q, ,..::::> <""" '-' 

~ f-0. ....... ""---r f'( ...... -... -!!-. 

l<f v-.......... ~ ].." ~ -.....~- -:--... 

II 

,. 

v --. .. 

rtrv-

""[].. 

-<>- ~ 

"""1 ---- - ~~ 

0 200 400 600 800 1000 

Distance from source (m) 

September 1996 J- 29 

I 
700.0 

600.0 

500.0 

-.!!! s 400.0 

-(W) 

.E 

tn 

= 

-

~ 300.0 

>< 

200.0 

100.0 

0.0 

Effect of increasing exit velocity from 30 fps to 75 fps - 30 

ft stack - Hourly calculation 

rr ... f--

• 30 fps - San Diego f--

Coastal f--

--D- 75 fps - San Diego 

f--

r--

Coastal f--

4 30 fps - San Diego r--

Inland f--

1\ f--

\ -<>-- 75 fps - San Diego i--

~ Inland r-

\ f--Ia. ... 30 fps - Generic Rural - \ v [\_ i--

,. ----fr-- 75 fps - Generic Rural - lA - i \ 

0 J. .. ~ • 30 fps - Generic Urban -

- ~fl._. ~ ~ j -~ ~ ---o- 75 fps - Generic Urban 

\ - •• 

1\-

-~ 1\ "" .. ......... ~ ~ \ \. - - ~ \, ~ ~ 

\ 

\ )I ~ ......... \. "-,.... 

0 "' .,.__ "'-. ~ 

[\ ..., _)I "-..._ h r--- c~ c ~ ."'-. ........ l'n. ""' I P_c ~ B:: ~ "" ....... " • ............. - ~ "<; -...... 

:j ,J l.6-< ">- ~ ~ (---r-:::--r---... 

d P"" --o. r-; 't:J::: 5.. -

-- ~ h ....... ~ t-- .__ .. ~ lkf ,___ k>- ~ --..., ,_-r--: r:::::-

cv ----< --r -- i._2 

11 -y 

.gj I - I 

0 200 400 600 800 1000 

Distance from source (m) 

September 1996 J- 30 

I 
4000 

3500 

3000 

2500 

-.!! 

C) 

:::::' 

-

C') 

-§, 2000 

= 

-

a 

>< 

1500 

1000 

500 

0 

0 

Effect of removing obstruction to vertical flow - 25 ft stack -

Monthly calculation 

• 30 fps - San Diego ~ Coastal 

--D- 0 fps - San Diego 

Coastal 

II 

II 30 fps - San Diego 

Inland 

~ 0 fps- San Diego 

Inland 

... 30 fps - Generic 

Rural 

II 

\ --ts-- 0 fps - Generic Rural 

\ 

~ • 30 fps - Generic ..... \ Urban 'I I 

c ... 

1\ --o- 0 fps - Generic 

\ Urban 

). [.;. 

\\ 1\ ~ \ 

f -\ 

1.-{ ~\ "' h B. ~ \. '-\. h n.. 

t- ~-,).., ~ 

I\-, \.:. ~ Zf--.. >I\ 

......,'"1.~ h r'.... LA -o-bt--

-.. ..J!-. ""C" :'(>-..._ 1"'-ro.. - 1--

~ Ill --.:r- h. A. ;:~ 

~ .... }-. 'J' 

I 

200 400 600 800 1000 

Distance from source (m) 

September 1996 J- 31 

I 
-(tJ 

..... 

0) 

..... 

--

C") 

E 

..... 

0) 

::I 

-

0 

..... 

>< 

1600.0 

1400.0 

1200.0 

1000.0 

800.0 

600.0 

400.0 

200.0 

0.0 

.' 

Effect of removing obstruction to verti~al flow - 30 ft stack -

Monthly calculation 

• 30 fps - San Diego 

~ Coastal ., 

-o-- 0 fps - San Diego 

I Coastal 

I 30 fps - San Diego J 

I Inland 

\ 

~ 0 fps- San Diego 

i -Inland 

1 

* 30 fps - Generic \ 

'-i Rural 

1. 4 -ts-- 0 fps - Generic Rural \ 

h \ • 30 fps - Generic 

\ \ · Urban 

0 ~ [h 

,\ \ ~ 0 fps - Generic ~ 1\.. Urban ~\ '"""\ 

\ 

j I'-

\ lo....., 

" t-- t ~ L;JL \~ ~ 

l...!, _q_ ~ ~ 

J J) lo._ -..._ 

,J., t "' l'o._ ~ I--

• ~ !Ll.,. 0.. "'"() r--... --1--

.. !'. - L'--. r-1 ru -k>- .A l~ 

...::: ~ """"( t---. 

~ "':': }-.. ::{).. 

" ~ 

I 

0 200 400 600 800 1000 

Distance from source (m) 

September 1996 J- 32 

I 
a 

x 

300 

250 

200 

100 

50 

0 

0 

\ 

\ 

Effect of hicreasing stack height from 25 ft to 30 ft • exit 

velocity 30 fps - Monthly calculation 

• 25 ft - San Diego 

Coastal. 

--o- 30 ft - San Diego 

Coastal 

"""'- 25 ft - Sari Diego 

1\ Inland 

, ~\ 

~ ---<>-- 30 ft - San Diego 

\ Inland 

1 1\ • r('l'i 1\ 25 ft - Generic Rural 

I~ ~~ --ts-- 30 ft - Generic Rural 

\ \ 

\ ~- ~ • 25 ft - Generic 

J • \ '\ Urban 

T \ I ~ ~ 

j ~ ..... 1\ ~ ~ --o-- 30 ft - Generic 

\ ~ ~ \- Urban Ilia .. , \ 'h V\ ~ [\ "'ht. I ;{_ r\ 1\ 1\. ' ~ 

~ 2:. ~ ~ \ ~ 1'-. r-... 

~~ ~ ~ .........., Jl ~ - ~i'.." '""' ~ r- - ~ 1'- ._. ~ 

"b' -.,. !'... (~ ba 

~ ~ ""' ~ ~ 

~ ~ ~ ~ ._ - ~ ~ 

~ ~ ~ ~ :::-~-:r r--. r--. 

.} -r--

• - f 

200 400 600 800 

Distance from source (m) 

September 1996 I- 33 

-, 

~ 

I 

I 

1000 
-

~ C) 

--('I) 

E 

-

C) 

:::s 

-

0 

-

>< 

140.0 

120.0 

100.0 

80.0 

60.0 

40.0 

20.0 

0.0 

0 

... 

I 

I 

0 

I 

A 

6 

Effect of incr~asing stack height from 25 ft to 30 ft - exit 

. velocity 75 fps - Monthly calculation 

• . 25 ft - San Diego 

Coastal 

~ 30-ft - San Diego 

~ Coastal 

25 ft - San Diego 

Inland 

~ 30 ft - San Diego 

Inland 

• 25 ft - Generic Rural 

II 

J~ ~ _.... ~ -fr-- 30 ft - Generic Rural 

li \iL I ['. . 1\\ \ ,. h "\ • 25 ft - Generic 

q ~II ./ ro_ ). . - Urban 

\- I .I\-

""" )j IV 1"-,\ ---o- 30 ft - Generic 

~ ~- 1;>__'\ Urban 

·J \ " " ''r c ~ ~ ~ """\ t. !---"'""' 

~ ln. f'll f'-... ~ ~ 

~ ~ p..._ I'. !*" ..... ~,1' 

~ ;J r\..., .1}- f"'-.,. ~ f::::: 

IP -o.:... ...... ~ '-+f ~ 

---..;::: 

~ 

t;J ;.> V' '0 ['-.; ........ ~ ~ ..... IC ~ 

~ r/d ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 6- ... ~ ....... "-H -v- r.::::: ~ -r-r:::::-t:-. r-·o 

.... ~"" 

200 400 600 800 1000 

Distance from source (m) 

September 1996 J- 34 . 

I 
300 

250 

200 

-

~ tn 

$:: 

C") 

.E 150 tn 

:I 

-

a 

x 

100 

50 

0 

Effect of increa~ing exit velocity from 30 t'ps to 75 fps - 25 

ft stack - Monthly calculation 

• 30 fps - San Diego 

Coastal 

~ 75 fps - San Diego ~r-~+-+-~~~~~~~~~~ 

I 1\ 

Coastal 

30 fps - San Diego 

Inland 

. ~ 

t--H+i----'lt---+-+--+--t--t--tr---11--1--1--t----H --:---<>- 75 fps- San Diego 

~ Inland 

\ 

.,__,.,..-;-;--;---HI\.k-+-+--+-+-+--+--+--+--t--H -""'"lllo*k--- 30 fps - Generic;: 

i\ Rural 

i~_ ~ \ \ --f::s-- 75 fps - Generic 

r;~l\~~-r~4~-+~~+-+-~~ Ru~ 

-;--~l~·:lrl--\-H--+-+-\~-+--+-~~-+-----4....,.......j.. --tet--- 30 fps - Generic · · 

\ fA.._ A.., - - · · Urbar.~ 

~ i~~ !\ ~ 

t--fh+~+~~r+! ~--T+:-\~r....lt-t--t--tl_,""-~~--~--t----H ---o- 75 fps - Generic 

\. \ · ~ r'--.-.._ · Urban 

\ \ 1\. :---,~ 

II tl\ 

J 

· if~ · . ~ ,..__ 0-..~--<">- wN 1- ~r!:' ..._ ~!=:::-- t--. 

/ty Vi-<>--- ~1-9- ~t::::~Hi 

0 200 400 600 800 1000 

Distance from source (m) 

September 1996 J- 35 

I 
200.0 

180.0 

160.0 

140.0 

.!! 

- 120.0 

C) 

::::::-

-

C") 

-§, 100.0 

-

= 

80.0 

60.0 

40.0 

20.0 

0.0 

! 

Effect of Increasing exit velocity from 30 fps to 75 fps - 30 

ft stack - Monthly calculation 

.. 

----•-- 30 fps - San Diego 

Coastal 

--a- 75 fps - San Diego 

Coastal 

-

f--

f--

1---

-

f--

t--+--t--+-+--+-t--+-+--t--+-+--+--i --+--- 30 fps - San Diego 

f--

f--

f--

1--

f--

1--

1--

f--

1--

1--

1-

1--

1--

1--

0 

II 

• \ 

Ia. 

I 1/ 1\. 

I \ 

r 

-' \ 

\ 

u 1\ ,..,. ·~ \ ~-

\ 1\ ·111 1\ ''< I~ 1\ \ " \ \ 

1\ t\ 

1\ \P""\. 

\ > . ~ 1\. l"v-

\ ~ h._~ 

Inland 

---<>- 75 fps - San Diego 

Inland 

--.Jo:-- 30 fps - Generic Rural 

--t:s- 75 fps - Generic Rural 

f-

----·-- 30 tps - Generic Urban rr-

---o- 75 fps - Generic Urban rr-

.A 

16 H ,.__ ~ 1....1" r-- _..J. - :::::,....t-- .- - ::::-

l 

II 

1:. I 

r r -v-r-- -r200 400 600 

Distance from source (m) 

l 

800 1000 

September 1996 J- 36 

I 
(I) 

.g 

ft 

3 

c::r 

(1) 

'"1 

-\0 

\0 

0\ 

~ I 

...... 

Appendix K: Detailed Results of Sample Risk Assessment 

FACILITY TYPE: GENERIC AUTOBODY SHOP CASE: Stack Ralncap Fugitive 

HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT STACK HEIGHT (FEEn 25 25 Fugitive 

ASSUMPTIONS: TBACT: NO EXIT VELOCITY (FPS) 30 Downward NA 

ACCEPTABLE CRITERIA: ALLOWABLE CANCER RISK PER MILLION: 1.0 PARTICULATE CONTROL: YES YES NO 

TBACT=1 NON-TBACT=10 ANNUAL DISPERSION FACTOR: 69 1015 12616 

HHI=1 HRL Y MAXIMUM DISPERSION FACTOR: 868 12690 157700 

MONTHLY DISPERSION FACTOR: 260 3807 47310 

No. of Maximum Minimum Total AnnEmiss 

des Usage Usage lbslyr Acute rate of sites Acute Annual 

CHEMICAL NAME reporting at any at any of39 Emission reporting Emissions Emission UNIT RISK CHRONIC ACUTE CANCER 

usage one site one SHe reporting Rate usageofTAC Rate Rate FACTOR REL REL M-PFACTOR 

ofTAC lb/yr lb/yr sHes lb/hr lb/yr g/s g/s (mA3fug) (ug/mA3) (ugJmA3) CONTR UNCONTR 

CADMIUM AND COMPOUNDS 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 O.OE+OO 0.0 O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 4.2E-03 3.5E+OO 1.00 1.00 

CHROMIUM (HEXAVALENn 7 0.4 0.1 0.9 4.6E-06 0.13 5.8E-07 1.8E-06 1.4E-01 2.0E-03 1.01 1.03 

COPPER AND COMPOUNDS 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 O.OE+OO 0.0 O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 2.4E+OO 1.0E+01 1.00 1.00 

ETHYLENE GLYCOL BUTYL ETHER 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 O.OE+OO 0.0 O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 2.0E+01 1.5E+03 1.00 1.00 

LEAD AND COMPOUNDS (SUB-CHRONIC} 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 O.OE+OO 0.0 O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 1.2E-05 1.5E+OO 1.5E+OO 1.00 1.00 

METHANOL 12 150.6 20.6 635.3 1.7E-03 52.9 2.2E-04 7.6E-04 6.2E+02 1.00 1.00 

METHYLENE CHLORIDE 3 53.8 26.3 112.1 6.1E-04 37.4 7.7E-05 5.4E-04 1.0E-06 3.0E+03 3.5E+03 1.00 1.00 

NICKEL AND NICKEL COMPOUNDS 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 O.OE+OO 0.0 O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 2.6E-04 2.4E-01 1.0E+OO 1.00 1.00 

STYRENE• 12 327.6 25.2 1043.5 3.7E-03 67.0 4.7E-04 1.3E-03 5.7E-07 7.0E+02 1.00 1.00 

TOLUENE 37 1010.3 28.8 9487.5 1.2E-02 256.4 1.5E-03 3.7E-03 2.0E+02 1.00 1.00 

XYLENES 38 1879.4 18.1 12689.2 2.1E-02 333.9 2.7E-03 4.8E-03 3.0E+02 4.4E+03 1.00 1.00 

ZINC AND COMPOUNDS 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 O.OE+OO 0.0 O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 3.5E+01 1.00 1.00 

NOTES: Lead Is analyzed as a aubchonlc HHI using monthly dispersion values. A factor of 0.3 was used to adjust lhe SCREEN2-calculated hourly maximum 

dispersion value to an assumed monthly maximum. 

A factor of 0.08 was used to adjust the SCREEN2-calculated hourty maximum dispersion value to an assumed annual maximum. 

(UG/M3/G/S) 

(UG/M3/G/S) 

(UGIM3/G/S) 

CHRONIC 

M-PFACTOR 

CONTR UNCONTR 

16.86 38.93 

1.00 1.00 

1.00 1.00 

1.00 1.00 

1.00 1.00 

1.00 1.00 

1.00 1.00 

1.00 1.00 

1.00 1.00 

1.00 1.00 

1.00 1.00 

1.00 1.00 

Seven ed ecenarioe were modeled. The worst-case of the three represenlive scenarios are presented above. For example, stack case Is the lower stack and lower exit velocity, and 

the relncap.case Is the lower stack. 

BASIS: 

Acceptable emission rate fraction may be muHiplled by the usage rate to derive an acceptable usage which rasufts In a de minimis risk. 

SCREEN2 was run In the rural mode. 

HHI screening calculation does not Include consideration of Impacts to specifiC targets, and therefore, is conservative. 

The preliminary potency value for styrene was Included In this analysis. 

Inventory data Is from an ABTF member District for the year 1991. 

Acute emission rates are estimated at 10% of the annual usage rate at the facilily reporting the maximum usage. 

Dispersion values from SCREEN2 using the rural mode. 

other reported TACs used (per ABTF member District Inventory) which were not evaluated: 

acetone methyl ethyl ketone 

ethyl benzene methyl Isobutyl ketone 

ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate 

Isopropanol 

propylene glycol monomethyl ehter 

propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 

-
CJ') 

.g 

0 

3 

0" 

~ 

,..._ 

\0 

\0 

0\ 

~ I 

N 

Appendix K: Detailed Results of Sample Risk Assessment (Continued) 

STACK RAIN CAP FUGITIVE PERCENT TAC CONTRIBUTION TO RISI< 

CANCER CHRONIC ACUTE& CANCER CHRONIC ACUTE& CANCER CHRONIC ACUTE& 

CHEMICAL NAME RISK HEALTH SUBCHRONIC RISK HEALTH SUBCHRONIC RISK HEALTH SUBCHRONIC CANCER CHRONIC ACUTE/ 

PER HAZARD HAZARD PER HAZARD HAZARD PER HAZARD HAZARD HHI SUBCHRONIC 

MILLION INDEX INDEX MILLION INDEX INDEX MILLION INDEX INDEX HHI 

CADMIUM AND COMPOUNDS O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 0.0 0.0 0.0 

CHROMIUM (HEXAVALEN11 1.8E+01 6.4E-02 O.OE+OO 2.7E+02 9.4E-01 O.OE+OO 3.4E+03 1.2E+01 O.OE+OO 99.5 96.1 0.0 I 

COPPER AND COMPOUNDS O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 0.0 0.0 0.0 

ETHYLENE GLYCOL BUTYL ETHER O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 0.0 0.0 0.0 

LEAD AND COMPOUNDS (SUB-CHRONIC O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 0.0 0.0 0.0 

METHANOL O.OE+OO 8.5E-05 O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 1.2E-03 O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 1.5E-02 O.OE+OO 0.0 0.1 0.0 

METHYLENE CHLORIDE 3.7E-02 1.2E-05 1.9E-05 5.5E-01 1.8E-04 2.8E-04 6.8E+OO 2.3E-03 3.5E-03 0.2 0.0 3.5 

NICKEL AND NICKEL COMPOUNDS O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 0.0 0.0 0.0 

STYRENE* 4.9E-02 1.2E-04 O.OE+OO 7.2E-01 1.8E-03 O.OE+OO 9.0E+OO 2.3E-02 O.OE+OO 0.3 0.2 0.0 

TOLUENE O.OE+OO 1.3E-03 O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 1.9E-02 O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 2.3E-01 O.OE+OO 0.0 1.9 0.0 

XYLENES O.OE+OO 1.1E-03 5.3E-04 O.OE+OO 1.6E-02 7.8E-03 O.OE+OO 2.0E-01 9.7E-02 0.0 1.7 96.5 

ZINC AND COMPOUNDS O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO O.OE+OO 0.0 0.0 0.0 

TOTAL: 1.8E+01 6.6E-02 5.5E-04 2.7E+02 9.8E-01 8.1E-03 3.4E+03 1.2E+01 1.0E-01 100.0 100.0 100.0 

ACCEPTABLE CRITERIA: 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 

ACCEPTABLE: NO YES YES NO YES YES NO NO YES 

TBACT SOURCE: NO 

-
Appendix L - Scoping Assessment "Cookbook" for Districts 

Following the flowchart in Appendix B, a prioritization and screening level health risk 

assessment was performed for a hypothetical auto bodyshop. 

The basic steps include: 

1. Determine emission rates. 

2. Complete prioritization. 

3. For high priority facilities, complete risk screening. 

The following coating use data for a hypothetical facility was used for this example. It 

illustrates the type of data that might be submitted on a survey form like the one m 

Appendix F: 

Table L-1 

Coating Material Consumption Data 

Coating Coating Category Use 

Manufacturer (gal/yr) 

Sherwin Williams Precoat-chromium formulation 5 

Sherwin Williams Precoat-no chromium formulation 20 

Sherwin Williams Primer Surfacer 60 

Sherwin Williams Color Coats-Pb/Cr formulation 30 

Sherwin Williams Color Coats-no Pb/Cr formulation 170 

Sherwin Williams Clear coat 100 

Dupont Solvent cleaner 25 

Also from the survey form, we determine that all coating is applied in a closed spray booth 

with paper filters using an HVLP spray gun. The capture efficiency is therefore, 100%; 

the control efficiency is assumed to be 95%; and the fall-out fraction is 80%. 

For this scoping level assessment, the generic coating profiles in Appendix E are used to 

determine the composition of the coatings used. Appropriate data from pages E-2, and E-8 

through E-10 of appendix E, are illustrated in Table L-2, below. 

September 1996 L- 1 
Table L-2 

Toxic Content of Coating Products,lb/gal 

D Precoat- Precoat- Primer Colorcoat- Colorcoat- Clearcoat Solvent 

Cr no Cr surfacer Pb/Cr no Pb/Cr cleaner 

chrome VI 0.05 0.42 

Cr comp Cr comp 

0.24 

SrCrO-+ 

EGMBE 0.10 0.07 

EGMBEA 0.10 0.23 0.52 

ethbenzen 0.14 0.08 0.05 0.28 0.16 

IPA 0.24 0.30 0.51 0.58 0.59 

lead 0.69 

Pb comp 

MEK 0.14 0.19 1.11 0.80 

MeOH 0.12 0.17 0.13 

MIBK 0.48 0.36 0.49 0.50 0.38 

PGMEA 0.10 0.05 0.14 0.19 

toluene 0.91 2.34 0.86 1.13 0.95 

xylene 0.72 0.43 1.34 0.07 

zinc 0.29 

Zn comp 

The following equation (Equation 1, page 9) is used to determine the emissions of volatile 

organic compounds. For example, annual xylene emissions from chromium formulation 

precoat use are: 

5 galfyr X 0.72 lb xylene; gal= 3.6 lbfyr 

The following equation (Equation 2, page 14) is used to determine emissions of solids. 

For example, annual hexavalent chromium emissions from chromium formulation precoat 

use are: 

5 galfyr X 0.24lbSrCr04fgal X 0.255lbCr6flbSrCr04 X (1-0.8) X (1-0.95) = 0.0031 1bfyr 

and 

September 1996 L- 2 

I 
142 galfyr X 0.05 lb Crcompfgal X Ilb Cr6f1

b Crcomp X (1-0.8) X (1-0.95) = 0.0025 lbfyr 

Note that for screening purposes, as a worst case, it is assumed that unidentified chromium 

compounds are 100% hexavalent chromium. 

The total hexavalent chromium compound emissions from precoat use are: 

0.0031lbfyr + 0.0025 lbfyr = 0.0056lbfyr 

The results of similar calculations for all compounds emitted from all coatings used at the 

composite facility are summarized in Table L-3. 

Table L-3 

Toxic Emissions by Coating Product, lb/year 

D Precoat- Precoat- Primer Colorcoat- Colorcoat- Clearcoat Solvent 

Cr no Cr surfacer Pb/Cr no Pb/Cr cleaner 

chrome VI 0.0056 0.13 

EGMBE 2.0 2.1 

EGMBEA 1.7 6.9 52.0 

ethbenzen 2.4 1.6 3.0 8.4 16.0 

IPA 4.8 18.0 15.3 58.0 15.0 

lead 0.21 

MEK 0.7 3.8 33.3 80.0 

MeOH 7.2 5.1 13.0 

MIBK 2.4 7.2 29.4 15.0 38.0 

PGMEA 3.0 4.2 19.0 

toluene 18.2 140.4 25.8 113.0 23.7 

xylene 3.6 8.6 40.2 11.9 

Zinc 0.06 

In the absence of site specific data, maximum 1-hour emission rates from the facility can 

be estimated by assuming a maximum of one gallon of material is used in an hour. Hourly 

emiSSions are based on the highest toxic compound content in any product for each 

compound. 

September 1996 L- 3 
The total emissions from the composite facility are summarized in Table L-4. 

Table L-4 

Scoping Level Emission Rates 

I Compound I pounds per year pounds per hour 

chrome VI 0.14 0.0066 

EGMBE 4.1 0.07 

EGMBEA 60.6 0.52 

ethyl benzene 31.4 0.28 

IPA 111.1 0.59 

lead 0.21 0.018 lb/mo 

MEK 117.8 1.11 

methanol 25.3 0.17 

MIBK 92.0 0.50 

PGMEA 45.2 0.19 

toluene 321.1 2.34 

xylenes 64.3 1.34 

zinc 0.06 0.003 

Using default receptor proximity factor of 1 (receptor proximity of 100 meters), a priority 

score is calculated using the equations in Appendix I. The priority score calculation is 

summarized in Table L-5. The calculation gives a priority score of 323.69, which is high 

priority. For an actual facility, the next step in the process is to determine the actual 

receptor proximity and refine the priority score, if applicable, using the receptor proximity 

factors in Table 1-1. For this example, it is assumed that there is a receptor within 100 

meters of the facility, and therefore, the facility remains high priority. 

The dispersion modeling results tables in Table 5 and/or Appendix J and the toxicity data 

in Appendix C can be used to perform a scoping level health risk assessment. 

First, determine which modeling scenario best fits the facility. For this example, we will 

assume Scenario 5, the 25-ft stack with the raincap best matches the actual configuration of 

the facility. The stack is located in a rural locale. Particulate emissions are controlled. 

Calculations are done separately for cancer, chronic noncancer, and acute noncancer risks. 

September 1996 L- 4 
Table L-5 

W Risk Prioritization Analysis "0 

...... 

(1) 

3 

0" 

~ ************************************************************************************************************************ 

FACILITY: Bodyshop XYX • Permit #1234 RP FACTOR: 1.000 (ARB APPROACH: 99 METERSI 

LOCATION: Anywhere, CA COMPliANCE ADJUSTMENT: 1.0 

~ ************************************************************************************************************************ I.D 

0\ 

r-' 

I 

IJI 

POLLUTANTS WITH ESTABLISHED AB 2566 TOXICITY DATA 

ANNUAL ANNUAL CHRONIC CHRONIC ACUTE ACUTE ACUTE MAX 

EMISSIONS UNIT RISK CARCINOGEN EMISSIONS AEL NONCARC EMISSIONS AEL NONCARC NONCARC 

POLLUTANT Ub/yrl b•g/m31·1 SCORE Ublhrl btg/m31 SCORE Ublhrl (f1g/m31 SCORE SCORE 

Chromium lhex.l 0.14 .14E+00 33.32 0.0000 .20E · 02 1.6441 0.0066 .OOE+OO 0.0000 1.5441 

Ethylglycbutyl eth 4.1 .OOE+OO .00 0.0005 .20E+02 0.0035 0.0"/00 .16E+04 0.0700 0.0700 

Ethylbenzene 31.4 .OOE+OO .00 0.0036 .10E+04 0.0005 0.2800 .OOE+OO 0.0000 0.0005 

Isopropanol 111.1 .OOE+OO .00 0.0127 .OOE+OO 0.0000 0.6900 .49E+06 0.0181 0.0181 

Lead 0.21 .12E • 04 .00 0.0000 .15E+01 0.0024 0.0580 .OOE+OO 0.0000 0.0024 

MEK 117.6 .OOE+OO .00 0.0134 .10E+04 0.0020 1.1100 .12E+05 0.1386 0.1386 

Methanol 25.3 .OOE+OO .00 0.0029 .62E+03 0.0007 0.1700 .26E+05 0.0091 0.0091 

Toluene 321.1 .OOE+OO .00 0.0367 .20E+03 0.0275 2.3400 .37E+05 0.0949 0.0949 

Xylenes 64.3 .OOE+OO .00 0.0073 .30E+03 0.0037 1.3400 .44E+04 0.4568 0.4568 

Zinc 0.06 .OOE+OO .00 0.0000 .35E+02 0.0000 0.0030 .OOE+OO 0.0000 0.0000 

POLLUTANTS WITHOUT ESTABLISHED AB 2566 TOXICITY DATA 

Ethglybutethac 60.6 

MIBK 92.0 

Propglymethethac 45.2 

************************************************************************************************************************ 

TOTAL CARCINOGENIC SCORE == 33.32 

TOTAL NONCARCINOGENIC SCORE== 2.33 

TOTAL FACILITY TOXICS SCORE == 33.32 

************************************ 

TOTAL CARCINOGENIC EMISSIONS== 

TOTAL 03 DEPLETER EMISSIONS == 

TOTAL APPENDIX A-1 EMISSIONS== 

0.35 LB/YR 

.00 LB/YR 

873.31 LB/YR 

******************* --> TS ~ 10.: HIGH 

FACILITY RISK ASSESSMENT PRIORITY ***** HIGH ***** ····> 1.0 ~ TS < 10.: INTERMEDIATE 

******************* ····> TS < 1.0: LOW 

-
Cancer Risk 

Equation 4, page 26, is used to calculate the lifetime excess cancer risk. 

From Table 5, the maximum annual relative dispersion factor at or beyond 10 m from the 

source for Scenario 5 is 1.5 x 10-2 !-Lg/m3 per lb/yr for a rural area. This is multiplied by 

the actual annual emissions from the facility in grams per second to determine the annual 

average concentration of each compound. The annual average concentration of each 

compound is multiplied by the unit risk factor and multipathway factor as appropriate. 

Note that use of preliminary potency values is at the discretion of the District. This is 

illustrated in Table L-6. 

Chronic noncancer 

Equation 5, page 27, is used to calculate the non cancer chronic hazard index. 

From Table 5, the maximum annual relative dispersion factor at or beyond 10 m from the 

source for Scenario 5 is 1.5 x 10-2 !lgfm3 per lb/yr for a rural area. This is multiplied by 

the actual annual emissions from the facility to determine the annual average concentration 

of each compound. The annual average concentration of each compound is multiplied by 

the multipathway factor and divided by the reference exposure level as appropriate. This is 

illustrated in Table L-7. 

Acute noncancer 

Equation 6, page 28, is used to calculate the noncancer acute hazard index. 

From Table 5, the maximum 1-hour relative dispersion factor at or beyond 10 m from the 

source for Scenario 5 is 1.6 x 103 !lgfm3 per lb/hr for a rural area. This is multiplied by 

the actual maximum hourly emissions from the facility to determine the maximum 1-hour 

concentration of each compound. The maximum 1-hour concentration of each compound 

is divided by the reference exposure level as appropriate. Note that use of proposed REL 

values is at the discretion of the District. This is illustrated in Table L-8. 

For lead, the maximum monthly relative dispersion factor at or beyond 10 m from the 

source for Scenario 5 is 0.667 !lgfm3 per lb/hr for a rural area. This is multiplied by the 

monthly lead emissions from the facility to determine the maximum 30-day concentration 

of lead. The maximum 30-day concentration of lead is divided by the reference exposure 

level. This is also illustrated in Table L-8. 

September 1996 L- 6 

I 
Table L-6. Example Carcinogenic Risk Calculation 

DIRECTIONS: 

1. Select source description scenario number (from Table below) which best fits facility exit characteristics: 

2. Select (circle) either Rural or Urban mode to fit locality: RURAL or URBAN 

3. Select X/Q values (below) for source description and mode. 

Source Description Max X/Q in lb/yr 

Stack Exit Rural Urban 

No. Height Vel. 

(feet) (fps) 

1 25 30 1.0E-03 1.1E-03 

2 30 30 3.8E-04 7.9E-04 

3 25 75 3.2E-04 5.2E-04 

4 30 75 1.8E-04 3.8E-04 

5 25 Raincap 1.5E-02 6.1E-03 

6 30 Raincap 6.5E-03 3.0E-03 

7 Fugitive Fugitive 1.8E-01 1.3E-01 

4. Transfer appropriate X/Q values and emission rates into table below. 

5. Identify source as controlled or uncontrolled: CONTROLLED or UNCONTROLLED 

6. Multiply emission rate, X/Q, unit risk factor and multipathway factor (either controlled or uncontrolled) for each toxicant. 

List product as Individual Excess Cancer Risk. 

7. Sum Individual Excess Cancer Risk for each toxicant and record in summation box. 

8. Compare sum to District's acceptable criteria. If this is exceeded, a refined risk assessment should be considered. 

TOXICITY DATA FOR CANCER EVALUATION~ 

CHEMICAL EMISSION X/Q PRELIM. 

CHEMICAL NAME ABSTRACT RATE (ug/m3 UNIT RISK POTENCY MULTIPATHWAY 

NUMBER (lblyr) per FACTOR VALUE (1) FACTOR (2) 

lb/yr) (mA3/ug) (mA3/ug) CONTR 

CADMIUM AND COMPOUNDS 7440-43-9 1.5E-02 4.2E-03 NA 1.00 

CHROMIUM (HEXAVALENn 18540-29-9 0.1 1.5E-02 1.4E-01 NA 1.01 

LEAD AND COMPOUNDS 7439-92-1 0.2 1.5E-02 1.2E-05 NA 1.00 

METHYLENE CHLORIDE 75-09-2 1.5E-02 1.0E-06 NA 1.00 

NICKEL AND NICKEL COMPOUNDS 7440-02-0 1.5E-02 2.6E-04 NA 1.00 

SUMMATION FOR ALL TOXICANTS 

NOTES: 

1. Preliminary potency values should be used at the discretion of the District. 

2. Multipathway factors are the ratio of the total risk to inhalation risk. These have been 

developed using HRA92, version 1.1, a multipathway exposure model developed jointly 

by the California Air Resources Board and the Office of Environmental Health Hazard 

Assessment. Assumptions and parameters used to develop the the multipathway factors include: 

Emission rate = 1 g/s 

XIQ = 1 

Deposition velocity= 0.02 mls for controlled sources and 0.05 m/s for 

uncontrolled sources 

70-year exposure 

Fraction of homegrown fruits and vegetables consumed= 10% 

Pathways/sources include inhalation, ingestion of soil (pica), homegrown vegetables, 

mother's milk (for one year) and skin contact. 

References: CAPCOA 1993 and OEHHA, Air Taxies Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines Part 1: 

Evaluation of Acute Non-Cancer Health Effects, Draft for Public Comment, December 1994. 

September 1996 L-7 

UNCONTR 

1.00 

1.03 

1.00 

1.00 

1.00 

I 

INDIV 

EXCESS 

CANCER 

RISK 

O.OOE+OO 

2.97E-04 

3.78E-08 

O.OOE+OO 

O.OOE+OO 

2.97E-04 
DIRECTIONS: 

Table L-7. Example Non-Cancer Chronic 

Health Hazard Index Evaluation 

1. Select source description scenario number (from Table below) which best frts facility exit characteristics: 

2. Select (circle) either Rural or Urban mode to frt locality: RURAL or URBAN 

3. Select XJQ values (below) for source description and mode. ---

Source Descriotion Max XJQ in lblvr 

Stack Exit Rural Urban 

No. Height Vel. 

(feet) (fps) 

1 25 30 1.0E-03 1.1E-03 

2 30 30 3.8E-04 7.9E-04 

3 25 75 3.2E-04 5.2E-04 

4 30 75 1.BE-04 3.BE-04 

5 25 Raincap 1.5E-02 6.1E-03 

6 30 Raincap 6.5E-03 3.0E-03 

7 Fugitive Fugitive 1.BE-01 1.3E-01 

4. Transfer appropriate XJQ values and emission rates into table below. 

5. Identify source as controlled or uncontrolled: CONTROLLED or UNCONTROLLED 

6. For each toxicant, multiply emission rate, XJQ, and mullipathway factor (either controlled or uncontrolled). 

Divide that product by the REL for each toxiCant. Ust product as Chronic Health Hazard Index. 

7. Sum Hazard Index for each toxicant and record in summation box. 

B. Compare sum to District's acceptable criteria. If summation exceeds 1, sum individually 

for each toxic endpoint and record maximum endpoint and endpoint-specific HHI. 

If value exceeds 1, a refined risk assessment should be considered. 

TOXICITY DATA FOR NON-CANCER CHRONIC EVALUATIONS 

CHEMICAL EMISSION XJQ SYSTEM OR ORGAN EFFECTED 

CHEMICAL NAME ABSTRACT RATE (ug/m3 MULTIPATHWAY CV/ CNS/ IMMU KIDN Gil REPRO 

NUMBER (lblyr) per REL FACTOR (1) BL PNS LV 

lb/vrl I (uq/111"3) CONTR UNCONTR 

CADMIUM AND COMPOUNDS 7440-43-9 1.5E-02 3.5E+OO 16.86 38.93 X 

CHROMIUM (HEXAVALENn 18540-29-9 0.1 1.5E-02 2.0E-03 1.00 1.00 X X 

COPPER AND COMPOUNDS 7440-50-8 1.5E-02 2.4E+OO 1.00 1.00 

ETHYLENE GLYCOL (MONO)- 111-76-2 4 1.5E-02 6.4E+01 1.00 1.00 

BUTYL ETHER 

ETHYL BENZENE 100-41-4 31 1.5E-02 1.0E+03 1.00 1.00 X 

LEAD AND COMPOUNDS 7439-92-1 0.2 1.5E-02 1.5E+OO 1.00 1.00 X X X X X 

METHYL ETHYL KETONE 78-93-3 117.8 1.5E-02 1.0E+03 1.00 1.00 X 

METHANOL 67-56-1 25 1.5E-02 6.2E+02 1.00 1.00 X 

METHYLENE CHLORIDE 75-09-2 1.5E-02 3.0E+03 1.00 1.00 X X 

NICKEL AND NICKEL COMPOUNDS 7440-02-0 1.5E-02 2AE-01 1.00 1.00 X X 

PROPYLENE GLYCOL (MONO)- 107-98-2 1.5E-02 2.0E+03 1.00 1.00 X 

METHYL ETHER 

STYRENE 100-42-5 1.5E-02 7.0E+02 1.00 1.00 X 

TOLUENE 108-BB-3 321 1.5E-02 2.0E+02 1.00 1.00 X X 

XYLENES (M.O,P ISOMERS\ 1210 64 1.5E-02 3.0E+02 1.00 1.00 X 

ZINC AND COMPOUNDS 7440-66-6 0.1 1.5E-02 3.5E+01 1.00 1.00 X 

RESP 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

SUMMATION FOR ALL TOXICANTS 

NOTES: 

1 . Mullipathway factors are the ratio of the total risk to inhalation risk. These have been 

developed using HRA92, version 1.1, a muitipathway exposure model developed jointly 

by the California Air Resources Board and the Office of Environmental Heaith Hazard 

Assessment. Assumptions and parameters used to develop the the muitipathway factors include: 

Emission rate = 1 g/s 

XJQ = 1 

Deposition velocity = 0.02 m/s for controlled sources and 0.05 m/s for 

uncontrolled sources 

70-year exposure 

Fraction of homegrown fruits and vegetables consumed = 10% 

Pathways/sources include inhalation, ingestion of soil (pica), homegrown vegetables, 

mother's milk (for one year) and skin contact. 

2. A mullipathway factor of 1.00 should be used to calculate the non-cancer chronic hazard index for the respiratory endpoint. 

3. NA = Not available. 

PRIMARY TOXIC ENDPOINT 

4. Values in brackets [ ] are proposed and are for informational purposes. Several of the revised acute RELs are higher than the previous values meaning that the acute HHI 

for the chemical will decrease. The numbers are not official until after Scientific Review Panel review and adoption by OEHHA. 

References: CAPCOA 1993 and OEHHA, Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines Part 1: 

Evaluation of Acute Non-Cancer Health Effects, Draft for Public Comment, December 1994. 

September 1996 L-8 

I 

CHRONIC 

HEALTH 

HAZARD 

INDEX 

0.0000 

1.0500 

0.0000 

0.0010 

0.0005 

0.0021 

0.0018 

0.0006 

0.0000 

0.0000 

0.0000 

0.0000 

0.0241 

0.0032 

0.0000 

1.0532 

RESP 
Table L-8. Example Non-Cancer Acute 

Health Hazard Index Evaluation 

DIRECTIONS: 

1. Select source description scenario number (from Table below) which best fits facility exit characteristics: 

2. Select (circle) either Rural or Urban mode to fit locality: RURAL or URBAN 

3. Select X/Q values (below) for source description and mode. 

Source Description Max X/Q in lb/hr Max X/Q in lb/mo 

Stack Exit Rural Urban Rural Urban 

No. Height Vel. 

(feet) (fps) 

1 25 30 110 122 0.046 0.051 

2 30 30 41 86 0.017 0.036 

3 25 75 35 58 0.014 0.024 

4 30 75 19 41 0.008 0.017 

5 25 Rain cap 1603 667 0.667 0.278 

6 30 Raincap 711 324 0.296 0.135 

7 Fugitive Fugitive 19918 14626 8.287 6.085 

4. Transfer appropriate X/Q values and emission rates into table below. Use the monthly 

X/Q value and maximum monthly emission rate (lb/mo) for lead only. 

5. Identify source as controlled or uncontrolled: CONTROLLED or 

6. For each toxicant, multiply emission rate, and X/Q. Divide that product 

by the REL for each toxicant. List product as Acute Health Hazard Index. 

7. Sum Hazard Index for each toxicant and record in summation box. 

8. Compare sum to District's acceptable criteria. If summation exceeds 1, sum individually 

for each toxic endpoint and record maximum endpoint and endpoint-specific HHI. 

If value exceeds 1, a refined risk assessment should be considered. 

UNCONTROLLED 

EMISSION TOXICITY DATA FOR ACUTE EVALUATIONS 

CHEMICAL RATE X/Q TOXIC ENDPOINT OR TARGET ORGAN 

CHEMICAL NAME ABSTRACT (lblhr) (ug/m3 ACUTE CNS/ IMMUN REPRO RESP EYE 

NUMBER (lb/mo per REL PNS DEVL 

for lead) lblhr) (ugfmA3) 

COPPER AND COMPOUNDS 7440-50-8 1603 1.0E+01 X 

[1.0E+21 

ETHYLENE GLYCOL 111-76-2 0.1 1603 1.5E+03 X X 

(MONO)BUTYL ETHER [5.5E+3) 

(BUTYL CELLOSOLVE, 

2-BUTOXYETHANOL) 

ISOPROPANOL 67-63-0 0.6 1603 [4.9E+41 X X 

LEAD AND COMPOUNDS 7439-92-1 0.00 0.667 1.5 (2) X 

METHANOL 67-56-1 0.2 1603 [2.8E+41 X 

METHYLENE CHLORIDE 75-09-2 1603 3.5E+03 X 

[8.3E+4) 

METHYL ETHYL KETONE 78-93-3 1.1 1603 [1.2E+41 X 

NICKEL AND NICKEL COMPOUNDS 7440-02-0 1603 1.0E+OO X 

[3.3E+Ol 

STYRENE 100-42-5 1603 l2.2E+4]. X X 

TOLUENE 108-88-3 2.3 1603 [3.7E+41 X 

XYLENES (M,O,P ISOMERS) 1210 1.3 1603 4.4E+03 X 

[2.2E+31 

SUMMATION FOR ALL TOXICANTS 

PRIMARY TOXIC ENDPOINT 

NOTES: 

1. Values in brackets [ ) are proposed and are for informational purposes. Several of the revised 

acute RELs are higher than the previous values meaning that the acute HHI for the chemical will 

decrease. The numbers are not official until after Scientific Review Panel review and adoption by OEHHA. 

2. Lead should be evaluated as a sub-chronic or 30-day exposure. 

References: CAPCOA 1993 and OEHHA, Air Taxies Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines 

Part 1: Evaluation of Acute Non-Cancer Health Effects, Draft for Public Comment, December 1994. 

September 1996 L-9 

I 

ACUTE 

HEALTH 

HAZARD 

INDEX 

0.075 

0.019 

0.001 

0.010 

0.148 

0.101 

0.488 

0.832 

RESP 
In many Districts, the calculated risks would be considered significant. These risks were, 

however, based on the maximum relative dispersion factors at or beyond 10 meters from 

the source. An initial refinement of the screening assessment would be to determine the 

actual minimum distance from the stack to the property line or the nearest actual receptor. 

If this distance is greater than 10 meters, screening level risks could be calculated based on 

the actual receptor distance using the relative dispersion factors in Appendix J, Tables J-4 

through J-9 instead of the values in Table 5. Additionally, before requiring public 

notification, the Guidelines suggest that the scoping level risk assessment be refined by 

determining site specific emission data, using site specific release data, and using actual 

local meteorological data. A refined health risk assessment is beyond the scope of this 

example. 

Calculations may be facilitated by use of tables, either hardcopy or in a spreadsheet, 

similar to the example Tables L-6 through L-8. Blank copies of these table are Tables L-9 

through L-11. 

After appropriate refinement and finalization of the emissions and release data, it should be 

submitted to CARB. The format for data submittal is described in Appendix K. 

September 1996 L- 10 

I 
Table L-9. Carcinogenic Risk Worksheet 

DIRECTIONS: 

1. Select source description scenario number (from Table below) which best fits facility exit characteristics: 

2. Select (circle) either Rural or Urban mode to fit locality: RURAL or URBAN 

3. Select X/Q values (below) for source description and mode. 

Source Description Max X/Q in lb/yr 

Stack Exit Rural Urban 

No. Height Vel. 

(feet) (fps) 

1 25 30 1.0E-03 1.1E-03 

2 30 30 3.8E-04 7.9E-04 

3 25 75 3.2E-04 5.2E-04 

4 30 75 1.8E-04 3.8E-04 

5 25 Raincap 1.5E-02 6.1E-03 

6 30 Raincap 6.5E-03 3.0E-03 

7 Fugitive Fugitive 1.8E-01 1.3E-01 

4. Transfer appropriate X/Q values and emission rates into table below. 

5. Identify source as controlled or uncontrolled: CONTROLLED or UNCONTROLLED 

6. Multiply emission rate, XIQ, unit risk factor and multipathway factor (either controlled or uncontrolled) for each toxicant. 

List product as Individual Excess Cancer Risk. 

7. Sum Individual Excess Cancer Risk for each toxicant and record in summation box. 

8. Compare sum to Districfs acceptable criteria. If this is exceeded, a refined risk assessment should be considered. 

TOXICITY DATA FOR CANCER EVALUATIONS 

CHEMICAL EMISSION X/Q PRELIM. 

CHEMICAL NAME ABSTRACT RATE (ug/m3 UNIT RISK POTENCY MULTIPATHWAY 

NUMBER (lb/yr) per FACTOR VALUE (1) FACTOR (2) 

lb/yr) (m"3/uq) (m"3/uq) CONTR 

CADMIUM AND COMPOUNDS 7440-43-9 4.2E-03 NA 1.00 

CHROMIUM _(HEXAVALENn 18540-29-9 1.4E-01 NA 1.01 

LEAD AND COMPOUNDS 7439-92-1 1.2E-05 NA 1.00 

METHYLENE CHLORIDE 75-09-2 1.0E-06 NA 1.00 

NICKEL AND NICKEL COMPOUNDS 7440-02-0 2.6E-04 NA 1.00 

SUMMATION FOR ALL TOXICANTS 

NOTES: 

1. Preliminary potency values should be used at the discretion of the District. 

2. Multipathway factors are the ratio of the total risk to inhalation risk. These have been 

developed using HRA92, version 1.1, a multipathway exposure model developed jointly 

by the California Air Resources Board and the Office of Environmental Health Hazard 

Assessment. Assumptions and parameters used to develop the the multipathway factors include: 

Emission rate = 1 g/s 

XIQ = 1 

Deposition velocity = 0.02 m/s for controlled sources and 0.05 m/s for 

uncontrolled sources 

70-year exposure 

Fraction of homegrown fruits and vegetables consumed= 10% 

UNCONTR 

1.00 

1.03 

1.00 

1.00 

1.00 

Pathways/sources include inhalation, ingestion of soil (pica), homegrown vegetables, 

mother's milk (for one year) and skin contact. 

References: CAPCOA 1993 and OEHHA, Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines Part 1: 

Evaluation of Acute Non-Cancer Health Effects, Draft for Public Comment, December 1994. 

September 1996 L-11 

I 

INDIV 

EXCESS 

CANCER 

RISK 
DIRECTIONS: 

Table L-1 0. Non-Cancer Chronic 

Health Hazard Index Worksheet 

1. Select source description scenario number (from Table below) which best fits facility exit characteristics: 

2. Select (circle) either Rural or Urban mode to fit locality: RURAL or URBAN 

3. Select X/Q values (below) for source description and mode. ---

Source Description Max X/Q in lb/yr 

Stack Exit Rural Urban 

No. Height Vel. 

(feet) (fps) 

1 25 30 1.0E-03 1.1E-03 

2 30 30 3.8E-C4 7.9E-04 

3 25 75 3.2E-C4 5.2E-04 

4 30 75 1.8E-04 3.8E-04 

5 25 Raincao 1.5E-02 6.1E-03 

6 30 Raincao 6.5E-03 3.0E-03 

7 Fugitive Fugitive 1.8E-01 1.3E-01 

4. Transfer appropriate X/Q values and emission rates into table below. 

5. Identify source as controlled or uncontrolled: CONTROLLED or UNCONTROLLED 

6. For each toxicant, multiply emission rate, X/Q, and multipathway factor (either controlled or uncontrolled). 

Divide that product by the REL for each toxicant List product as Chronic Health Hazard Index. 

7. Sum Hazard Index tor each toxicant and record in summation box. 

8. Compare sum to District's acceptable criteria. If summation exceeds 1, sum individually 

for each toxic endpoint and record maximum endpoint and endpoint-specific HHI. 

If value exceeds 1, a refined risk assessment should be considered. 

TOXICITY DATA FOR NON-CANCER CHRONIC EVALUATIONS 

CHEMICAL EMISSION X/Q SYSTEM OR ORGAN EFFECTED 

CHEMICAL NAME ABSTRACT RATE (ug/m3 MULTIPATHWAY CV/ CNS/ IMMU KIDN Gil REPR 

NUMBER (lb/yr) per REL FACTOR (1) BL PNS LV 

11)/yr) (ug/mA3) CONTR UNCONTR 

CADMIUM AND COMPOUNDS 7440-43-9 3.5E+OO 16.86 38.93 X 

CHROMIUM (HEXAVALENn 18540-29-9 2.0E-03 1.00 1.00 X X 

COPPER AND COMPOUNDS 7440-50-8 2.4E+OO 1.00 1.00 

ETHYLENE GLYCOL (MONO)- 111-76-2 2.0E+01 1.00 1.00 X 

BUTYL ETHER 

ETHYL BENZENE 100-41-4 1.0E+03 1.00 1.00 X 

LEAD AND COMPOUNDS 7439-92-1 1.5E+OO 1.00 1.00 X X X X X 

METHYL ETHYL KETONE 78-93-3 1.0E+03 1.00 1.00 X 

METHANOL 67-56-1 6.2E+02 1.00 1.00 X 

METHYLENE CHLORIDE 75-09-2 3.0E+03 1.00 1.00 X X 

NICKEL AND NICKEL COMPOUNDS 7440-02-0 2.4E-01 1.00 1.00 X X 

PROPYLENE GLYCOL (MONO) 107-98-2 2.0E+03 1.00 1.00 X 

METHYL ETHER 

STYRENE 100-42-5 7.0E+02 1.00 1.00 X 

TOLUENE 108-88-3 2.0E+02 1.00 1.00 X X 

XYLENES (M O,P ISOMERS) 1210 3.0E+02 1.00 1.00 X 

ZINC AND COMPOUNDS 7440-66-6 3.5E+01 1.00 1.00 X 

RESP 

x_m_ 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

SUMMATION FOR ALL TOXICANTS 

NOTES: 

1. Multi pathway factors are the ratio of the total risk to inhalation risk. These have been 

developed using HRA92, version 1.1, a multipathway exposure model developed jointly 

by the California Air Resources Board and the Office of Environmental Health Hazard 

Assessment. Assumptions and parameters used to develop the the multipathway factors include: 

Emission rate = 1 g/s 

X/Q = 1 

Deposition velocity= 0.02 mis for controlled sources and 0.05 m/s for 

uncontrolled sources 

70-year exposure 

Fraction of homegrown fruits and vegetables consumed = 10% 

Pathways/sources indude inhalation, ingestion of soil (pica), homegrown vegetables, 

mother's milk (for one year) and skin contact. 

2. A multipathway factor of 1.00 should be used to calculate the non-cancer chronic hazard index for the respiratory endpoint. 

References: CAPCOA 1993 and OEHHA. Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines Part 1: 

Evaluation of Acute Non-Cancer Health Effects. Draft for Public Comment, December 1994. 

September I 996 L-12 

PRIMARY TOXIC ENDPOINT 

I 

CHRONIC 

HEALTH 

HAZARD 

INDEX 
Table L-11. Non-Cancer Acute 

Health Hazard Index Worksheet 

DIRECTIONS: 

1. Select source description scenario number (from Table below) which best fits facility exit characteristics: 

2. Select (circle) either Rural or Urban mode to fit locality: RURAL or URBAN 

3. Select XJQ values (below) for source description and mode. 

Source Description Max XJQ in lb/hr Max XJQ in lb/mo 

Stack Exit Rural Urban Rural Urban 

No. Height Vel. 

(feet) (fps) 

1 25 30 110 122 0.046 0.051 

2 30 30 41 86 0.017 0.036 

3 25 75 35 58 0.014 0.024 

4 30 75 19 41 0.008 0.017 

5 25 RaincaQ 1603 667 0.667 0.278 

6 30 Raincao 711 324 0.296 0.135 

7 Fugitive Fugitive 19918 14626 8.287 6.085 

4. Transfer appropriate XJQ values and emission rates into table below. Use the monthly 

XJQ value and maximum monthly emission rate (lb/mo) for lead only. 

5. Identify source as controlled or uncontrolled: CONTROLLED or 

6. For each toxicant, multiply emission rate, and XJQ. Divide that product 

by the REL for each toxicant. List product as Acute Health Hazard Index. 

7. Sum Hazard Index for each toxicant and record in summation box. 

8. Compare sum to District's acceptable criteria. If summation exceeds 1, sum individually 

for each toxic endpoint and record maximum endpoint and endpoint-specific HHI. 

If value exceeds 1, a refined risk assessment should be considered. 

UNCONTROLLED 

EMISSION TOXICITY DATA FOR ACUTE EVALUATIONS 

CHEMICAL RATE XJQ TOXIC ENDPOINT OR TARGET ORGAN 

CHEMICAL NAME ABSTRACT (lb/hr) (ug/m3 ACUTE CNS/ IMMUN REPRO/ 

NUMBER (lblmo per REL PNS DEVL 

for lead) lb/hr) (uq/m"3) 

COPPER AND COMPOUNDS 7440-50-8 1.0E+01 

[1.0E+2J 

ETHYLENE GLYCOL 111-76-2 1.5E+03 X 

(MONO)BUTYL ETHER [5.5E+3] 

(BUTYL CELLOSOLVE, 

2-BUTOXYETHANOLl 

ISOPROPANOL 67-63-0 [4.9E+4] 

LEAD AND COMPOUNDS 7439-92-1 1.5 (_2J X 

METHANOL 67-56-1 [2.8E+4] X 

METHYLENE CHLORIDE 75-09-2 3.5E+03 X 

j8.3E+'li 

METHYL ETHYL KETONE 78-93-3 [1.2E+4] 

NICKEL AND NICKEL COMPOUNDS 7440-02-0 1.0E+OO X 

[3.3E+01 

STYRENE 100-42-5 [2.2E+4] 

TOLUENE 108-88-3 [3.7E+4] 

XYLENES (M,O,P ISOMERS) 1210 4.4E+03 

[2.2E+31 

SUMMATION FOR ALL TOXICANTS 

PRIMARY TOXIC ENDPOINT 

NOTES: 

1. Values in brackets ( ] are proposed and are for informational purposes. Several of the revised 

acute RELs are higher than the previous values meaning that the acute HHI for the chemical will 

decrease. The numbers are not official Wllil after Scientific Review Panel review and adoption by OEHHA. 

2. Lead should be evaluated as a sub-chronic or 30-day exposure. 

References: CAPCOA 1993 and OEHHA, Air Taxies Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines 

Part I: Evaluation of Acute Non-Cancer Health Effects, Draft for Public Comment, December 1994. 

September 1996 L-13 

RESP EYE 

X 

X 

X X 

X 

X X 

X 

X 

I 

ACUTE 

HEALTH 

HAZARD 

INDEX