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**Subpart N**
**— Glass Production**  **§98.140 Definition of**  **the source category.** (a) A glass manufacturing facility manufactures flat glass, container glass, pressed and blown glass, or wool fiberglass b y m elting a mixture of raw materials to produce molten glass and form the molten glass into sheets, containers, f ibers, or other shapes. A glass manufacturing facility uses one or more continuous glass melting furnaces to produce glass. (b) A glass melting furnace that is an experimental furnace or a research and development process unit is not subject to this subpart. **§98.141 Reporting threshold.**  You must report GHG emissions under this subpart if your facility contains a glass production process and the facility meets the requirements of either §98.2(a)(1) or (2). **§98.142 GHGs to report.**  You must report: (a) CO 2 pro cess emissions from each continuous glass melting furnace. (b) CO 2 combustion emissions from each continuous glass melting furnace. (c) CH 4 and N 2 O combustion emissions from each continuous glass melting furnace. You must calculate and report these emissio ns under subpart C of this part (General Stationary Fuel Combustion Sources) by

following the requirements of subpart C. (d) CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O emissions from each stationary fuel combustion unit other than continuous glass melting furnaces. You must report these emissions under subpart C of this part (General Stationary

Fuel Combustion Sources) by following the requirements of subpart C. **§98.143 Calculating GHG emissions.** Page 2 of 9

You must calculate and report the annual process CO 2 emissions from each continuous gl ass melting furnace using the procedure in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section. (a) For each continuous glass melting furnace that meets the conditions specified in §98.33(b)(4)(ii) or (iii), you must calculate and report under this subpart the comb ined process and combustion CO 2 emissions by operating and maintaining a CEMS to measure CO 2 emissions according to the Tier 4 Calculation Methodology specified in §98.33(a)(4) and all associated requirements for Tier 4 in subpart C of this part (General S tationary Fuel Combustion Sources). (b) For each continuous glass melting furnace that is not subject to the requirements in paragraph (a) of this section, calculate and report the process and combustion CO 2 emissions from the glass melting furnace b y usin g either the procedure in paragraph (b)(1) of this section or the procedure in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, except as specified in paragraph (c) of this section. (1) Calculate and report under this subpart the combined process and combustion CO 2 emissions by

operating and maintaining a CEMS to measure CO 2 emissions according to the Tier 4 Calculation Methodology specified in §98.33(a)(4) and all associated requirements for Tier 4 in subpart C of this part (General Stationary Fuel Combustion Sourc es). (2) Calculate and report the process and combustion CO 2 emissions separately using the procedures specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (b)(2)(vi) of this section. (i) For each carbonate
- based raw material charged to the furnace, obtain from the s upplier of the raw material the carbonate
- based mineral mass fraction. (ii) Determine the quantity of each carbonate
- based raw material charged to the furnace. (iii) Apply

the appropriate emission factor for each carbonate
- based raw material charged to the furnace, as shown in Table N
- 1 to this subpart.Page 3 of 9

(iv) Use Equation N
- 1 of this section to calculate process mass emissions of CO 2 for each furnace:

Where: E CO2 = Process emissions of CO 2 from the furnace (metric tons). n = Number of carbonate
- based raw materials charged to furnace. MF i = Annual average decimal mass fraction of carbonate
- based mineral i in carbonate
based raw material i. M i = Annual amount of carbonate
- based raw material i charged to furnace (tons). 2000/2205 = Conversion factor to conver t tons to metric tons. EF i = Emission factor for carbonate
- based raw material i (metric ton CO 2 per metric ton carbonate
- based raw material as shown in Table N
- 1 to this subpart). F i = Decimal fraction of calcination achieved for carbonate
- based raw materi al i, assumed to be equal to 1.0. (v) You must calculate the total process CO 2 emissions from continuous glass melting furnaces at the facility

using Equation N
- 2 of this section:

Where: CO 2 = Annual process CO 2 emissions from glass manufacturing facility (metric tons). E CO2i = Annual CO 2 emissions from glass melting furnace i (metric tons). k = Number of continuous glass melting furnaces.Page 4 of 9

(vi) Calculate and report under subpart C of this part (General Stationary Fuel Combustion Sources) the combustion CO 2 emissions in the glass furnace according to the applicable requirements in subpart C. (c) As an alternative to data provided b y the raw material supplier, a value of 1.0 can be used for the mass fraction (MF i ) of carbonate
- based mineral i in Equation N
- 1 of this section. **§98.144 Monitoring and QA/QC requirements.**  (a) You must measure annual amounts of carbonate
- based raw materials charged to each continuous glass melting furnace from monthl y measurements using plant instruments used for accounting purpose s, such as calibrated scales or weigh hoppers. Total annual mass charged to glass melting furnaces at the facility shall be compared to records of raw material purchases for the year. (b) Unless you use the default value of 1.0, you must measure carbonate
- based mineral mass fractions at least annually to verify the mass fraction data provided b y the supplier of the raw material; such measurements shall be based on sampling and chemical anal ys is using consensus standards that specify X
- ray fluorescence. For measurements made in years prior to the emissions reporting year 2014, you may also use ASTM D3682
- 01 (Reapproved 2006) Standard Test Method for Major and Minor Elements in Combustion Residues from Coal Utilization Processes (incorporated b y reference, se e §98.7) or ASTM D6349
- 09 Standard Test Method for Determination of Major and Minor Elements in Coal, Coke, and Solid Residues from Combustion of Coal and Coke by Inductivel y Coupled Plasma

— Atomic Emission Spectrometry (incorporated b y reference, see § 98.7). (c) Unless you use the default value of 1.0, you must determine the annual average mass fraction for the carbonate
- based mineral in each carbonate
- based raw material by calculating anPage 5 of 9

arithmetic average of the monthly data obtained from raw material suppliers or sampling and chemical analy sis. (d) Unless you use the default value of 1.0, you must determine on an annual basis the calcination fraction for each carbonate consumed based on sampling and chemical anal ys is using an industry

consensus stan dard. If performed , this chemical analy sis must be conducted using an
x - ray fluorescence test or other enhanced testing method published by an industry

consensus standards organization (e.g., ASTM, ASME, API, etc.). **§98.145 Procedures for estimating missi**  **ng data.** A complete record of all measured parameters used in the GHG emissions calculations is required (e.g., carbonate raw materials consumed, etc.). If the monitoring and quality assurance procedures in §98.144 cannot be followed and data is missing, you must use the most appropriate of the missing data procedures in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. You must document and keep records of the procedures used for all such missing value estimates. (a) For missing data on the monthly amounts of carbon ate - based raw materials charged to any continuous glass melting furnace use the best available estimate(s) of the parameter(s), based on all available process data or data used for accounting purposes, such as purchase records. (b) For missing data on the mass fractions of carbonate
- based minerals in the carbonate
based raw materials assume that the mass fraction of each carbonate based mineral is 1.0. **§ 98. 146**  **Data reporting requirements.** In addition to the information required b y § 98. 3(c), each annual report must contain the information specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, as applicable.Page 6 of 9

(a) If a CEMS is used to measure CO 2 emissions, then you must report under this subpart the relevant information required under § 98. 36 for the Tier 4 Cal culation Methodology and the following information specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section: (1) Annual quantity of each carbonate
- based raw material charged to each continuous glass melting furnace and for all furnaces combined (tons). (2) Annual quantity of glass produced b y each glass melting furnace and by all furnaces combined (tons). (b) If a CEMS is not used to determine CO 2 emissions from continuous glass melting furnaces, and process CO 2 emissions are calculated according to the proce dures specified in § 98. 143(b), then you must report the following information as specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(9) of this section: (1) Annual process emissions of CO 2 (metric tons) for each continuous glass melting furnace and for all furnace s combined. (2) Annual quantity of each carbonate
- based raw material charged (tons) to all furnaces combined. (3) Annual quantity of glass produced (tons) from each continuous glass melting furnace and from all furnaces combined. (4) Reserved
. (5) Results of all tests , if applicable, used to verify the carbonate
- based mineral mass fraction for each carbonate
- based raw material charged to a continuous glass melting furnace, as specified in paragraphs (b)(5)(i) through (b)(5)(iii) of this section. (i) Date of test. (ii) Method(s) and any variations used in the anal yses.Page 7 of 9

(iii) Mass fraction of each sample anal yz ed. (6) Reserved

. (7) Method used to determine decimal fraction of calcination , unless you use d the default value of 1.0
. (8) Total number of continuous glass melting furnaces. (9) The number of times in the reporting year that missing data procedures were followed to measure monthly

quantities of carbonate
- based raw materials or mass fraction of the carbonate
- based minerals for any continuous glass melti ng furnace (months). **§ 98. 147**  **Records that must be retained.** In addition to the information required b y § 98. 3(g), you must retain the records listed in paragraphs (a) through ( d) of this section. (a) If a CEMS is used to measure emissions, then you must retain the records required under § 98. 37 for the Tier 4 Calculation Methodology and the following information specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this section: (1) Monthly

glass production rate for each continuous glass melting furnace (tons). (2) Monthly

amount of each carbonate
- based raw material charged to each continuous glass melting furnace (tons). (b) If process CO 2 emissions are calculated according to the procedures specified in § 98. 143(b), you must retain the records in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(5) of this section. (1) Monthly

glass production rate for each continuous glass melting furnace (metric tons). (2) Monthly

amount of each carbonate
- based raw material charged to each continuous glass melting furnace (metric tons).Page 8 of 9

(3) Data on carbonate
- based mineral mass fractions provided by the raw material supplier for all raw materials consumed annuall y and included in calculating process emissions in Equation N
- 1 of this subpart , if applicable
. (4) Results of all tests , if applicable, used to verify the carbonate
- based mineral mass fraction for each carbonate
- based raw material charged to a continuous glass melting furnace, including the data specified in paragraphs (b)(4)(i) through (b)(4)(v) of this section. (i) Date of test. (ii) Method( s), and any

variations of the methods, used in the anal ys es. (iii) Mass fraction of each sample anal yz ed. (iv) Relevant calibration data for the instrument(s) used in the anal ys es. (v) Name and address of laboratory that conducted the tests. (5) The decimal fraction of calcination achieved for each carbonate
- based raw material, if a value other than 1.0 is used to calculate process mass emissions of CO 2. (c) All other documentation used to support the reported GHG emissions. (d) Verification software records . You must keep a record of the file generated by the verification software specified in § 98.5(b) for the applicable data specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (3) of this section. Retention of this file satisfies the recordkeeping requirement for the data in paragraphs (d)(1) through (3) of this section. (1) Annual average decimal mass fraction of carbonate
- based mineral in each carbonate
based raw material for each continuous glass melting furnace (specify the default value, if used, or the value determined according to § 98.144) (percentage, expressed as a decimal) (Equation N
- 1 of § 98.143 ).Page 9 of 9

(2) Annual amount of each carbonate
- based raw material charged to each continuous glass melting furnace (tons) (Equation N
- 1). (3) Decimal fraction of calcination achieved for each carbonate
- based raw material for each continuous glass melting furnace (specify the default value, if used, or the value determined according to § 98.144) (percentage, expressed as a decimal) (Equation N
- 1). **§98.148 Definitions.**  All terms used in this subpart have the same meaning given in the Clean Air Act and subpart A of this part. **Table N -**  **1 to Subpart N of Part 98**
**— CO**  **2 Emission Factors for Carbonate**  **- Based Raw**  **Materials Carbonate**  **- based**  **raw material**
**— mineral**  **CO 2**  **emission factor a**  Limestone

—CaCO 3 0.440 Dolomite

—CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 0.477 Sodium carbonate/soda ash

— Na2 CO 3 0.415 Barium carbonate

—BaCO 3 0.223 Potassium carbonate

—K2 CO 3 0.318 Lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3 ) 0.596 Strontium carbonate (SrCO 3 ) 0.298

aEmission factors in units of metric tons of CO 2 emitted per metric ton of carbonate
- based raw material charged to the furnace.