# NEW YORK STATE

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

FOR


# REGIONAL HAZE

FINAL FEBRUARY 2010

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
DAVID A. PATERSON, GOVERNOR ALEXANDER B. GRANNIS, COMMISSIONER 

### Department of Environmental Conservation

Division of Air ResourcesTHIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANKi Table of Contents Executive Summary

Acronyms and Abbreviations

1.0 Background and Overview of the Federal Regional Haze Regulation

1.1. Haze Characteristics and Effects 1.2. General Background / History of Federal Regional Haze Rule

1.3 Area of Influence for MANE-VU Class I Areas

1.4 Class I Areas Affected

2.0 General Planning Provisions

2.1 SIP Submission Dates 2.2 New York Statutory Authority

3.0 Regional Planning

4.0 Federal Land Manager Coordination

5.0 Assessment of Baseli ne and Natural Conditions

5.1 Natural Conditions 5.2 Baseline Visibility 5.3 Comparison of Natural and Baseline Conditions

6.0 Monitoring Strategy 6.1 IMPROVE Program Objectives

6.2 New York’s Moni toring Responsibilities 6.3 Monitoring Information for MANE-VU Class I Areas

7.0 Emission Inventory

7.1 Baseline and Future Year Emission Inventories for Modeling 7.2 Inventories for Specific Source Types

7.3 Emission Processor Select ion and Configuration (SMOKE) 7.4 Sources of Visibility Impairing Pollutants in MANE-VU 7.5 Emission Inventory Characteristics 7.6 Summary of Emission Inventoriesii 8.0 Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) Requirements

8.1 BART and the Clean Air Interstate Rule 8.2 Large Electrical Generating Units

8.3 The Federal BART Rule

8.4 New York State’s BART Rule 8.5 Anticipated Visibility Improv ement as a Result of BART

9.0 Reasonable Prog ress Goals (RPGs) 9.1 Consultation and Ag reement with Other States’ Goals 9.2 Reasonable Progress Goals for Class I Areas

9.3 Controls Within MANE-VU 9.4 Controls Within MANE-VU Selected by Class I States to Meet Reasonable Progress Goals 9.5 Visibility Impacts of Additional Reasonable Controls 9.6 Modeling Impacts of BAR T Controls on Former Non-CAIR Sources in MANEVU

9.7 Controls Outside of MANE-VU Sele cted to Meet Reasonable Progress Goals 9.8 Implementation of MANE-V U’s Low Sulfur Fuel Strategy 9.9 Impacts of R educing Emissions of SO 2 from 167 EGU Stacks 9.10 Reducing Non-EGU SO 2 Emissions Outside MANE-VU by 28 Percent 9.11 Implementation of Gas-Turb ine EGU Controls in Canada 9.12 Results of Best and Final Modeling 9.13 Comparison to the Clean Air Act 9.14 Reporting

10.0 Long Term Strategy 10.1 Overview of the Long Term St rategy Development Process 10.2 Technical Basis for Emission Reduction Obligations

10.3 Emission Reductions Due to O ngoing Air Pollution Control Programs 10.4 Additional Reasonable Strategies

10.5 Additional Measures Considered 10.6 Estimated Impacts of New York’s Long Term Strategy on Visibility

10.7 New York’s Share of Emission Reductions 10.8 Enforceability of Emission Limitations and Control Measures 10.9 Consultation on the Long Term Strategy 10.10 Emission Limitations and Schedules of Compliance

11.0 Comprehensive Periodic Implementation Plan Revisions

12.0 Determination of the Adequacy of the Existing Plan

Appendicesiii List of Tables

Table 1-1 States That Contribute to Visibility Impairment in the MANE-VU Class I Areas of Acadia, Moosehor n, Great Gulf, Lye Brook and Brigantine

Table 3-1 MANE-VU RPO Members

Table 5-1 IMPROVE Information for MANE-VU Class I Areas Table 5-2 Baseline Visibility for the 20 Percent Worst Days and 20 Percent Best Days for Five Years (from 2000-2004) in MANE-VU Class I

Areas Table 5-3 Summary of Baseline Visibili ty and Natural Conditions for the 20 Percent Worst and 20 Percent Best Visibility Days Table 7-1 MANE-VU 2002 Emissions Inventory Summary Table 7-2 MANE-VU 2018 Emissions Inventory Summary Table 7-3 Change in MANE-VU Emissions 2002 to 2018 Table 7-4 New York 2002 Emissions Inventory Summary Table 7-5 New York 2018 Emissions Inventory Summary Table 7-6 Change in New York Emissions 2002 to 2018 Table 9-1 Uniform Rate of Progress Table 9-2a Reasonable Progre ss Goals—20 Percent Worst Days Table 9-2b Reasonable Progre ss Goals—20 Percent Best Days Table 9-3 Summary of Results from Four-Factor Analysis of Different Source Categories Table 9-4 Units in New York Included in the List of 167 Stacks Identified by

MANE-VU for Which 90 Percent or Greater Reductions in Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Emissions are Recommended

Table 9-5 New York State OTB/OTW VO C Control Measures in the 8-Hour

Ozone SIP

Table 9-6 Estimated Emissions fr om Non-EGU BART-Eligible Facilities Located in MANE-VU Used in Final Modeling

Table 10-1 Percent of Modeled Sulfate Due to Emi ssions from Listed States

Table 10-2 Recreational Marine Diesel Emission Standards

Table 10-3 Corrected Construction Emissi ons from the District of Columbia

Table 10-4 Nonroad Die sel Emission Standards Table 10-5 Rulemaking Schedule Summary Table 10-6 Summary of Results from the Four Factor Analysis

Table 10-7 Estimated Emissions fr om Non-EGU BART-Eligible Facilities Located in MANE-VU Used in Final Modeling Table 10-8 Emissions from Point, Ar ea and Mobile Sources in MANE-VU Table 10-9 Emissions from Point, Ar ea and Mobile Sources in New Yorkiv List of Figures

Figure 6-1 Locational M ap of the Acadia National Park, the Moosehorn National Wildlife Refuge, and the Roosevelt Campobello

International Park Figure 6-2 Detailed Map of Acadia National Park Figure 6-3 Detailed Map of the Moos ehorn Wildlife Refuge Areas and the Roosevelt Campobello International Park Figure 6-4 Locational Map of the Brigantine Wilderness Area Figure 6-5 Detailed Map of t he Brigantine Wilderness Area Figure 6-6 Locational Map of the Great Gulf Wil derness and Presidential Range Dry River Areas Figure 6-7 Detailed Map of the Great Gulf Wilderness and Presidential Range Dry River Areas Figure 6-8 Locational Map of the Lye Brook Wilderness Area Figure 6-9 Detailed Map of t he Lye Brook Wilderness Area Figure 7-1 State Level Su lfur Dioxide Emissions Figure 7-2 2002 SO2 Emissions Figure 7-3 2002 VOC Emissions Figure 7-4 State Level Nit rogen Oxides Emissions Figure 7-5 2002 NO X Emissions Figure 7-6 State Level Primary PM10 Emissions Figure 7-7 State Level Pr imary PM2.5 Emissions Figure 7-8 2002 Primary PM10 Emissions Figure 7-9 2002 Primary PM2.5 Emissions Figure 7-10 State Level Ammonia Emissions Figure 7-11 2002 NH3 Emissions Figure 8-1 Tentative NYS BART Sources Figure 9-1 Average Change in 24-hr PM 2.5 Due to Low Sulfur Fuel Strategies Relative to OTB/OTW Figure 9-2 Preliminary Estimate of Average Change in 24-hr PM2.5 Due to

90 Percent Reduction in SO2 Emissions from 167 EGU Stacks Affecting MANE-VU Figure 9-3 Projected Visibility Improv ement at Acadia National Park Based on 2009 and 2018 Best and Final Projections Figure 9-4 Projected Visibility Improv ement at Brigantine National Wildlife Refuge Based on Best and Final Modeling Figure 9-5 Projected Visibility Impr ovement at Great Gu lf Wilderness Area Based on Best and Final Modeling Figure 9-6 Projected Visibility Impr ovement at Lye Br ook Wilderness Area Based on Best and Final Modelingv Figure 9-7 Projected Visibility Improv ement at Moosehorn National Wildlife Refuge and Roosevelt/Campobello In ternational Park Based on Best and Final Modeling Figure 10-1 Contributions to PM2.5 Extinction at Seven Class I Sites Figure 10-2 Ranked state per cent sulfate contributi ons to Northeast Class I receptors based on emissions di vided by distance (Q/d) results adjusted for prevailing winds Figure 10-3 Ranked state perc ent sulfate contributions to Mid-Atlantic Class I receptors based on emissions di vided by distance (Q/d) results adjusted for prevailing winds Figure 10-4 Modeled 2002 Contributions to Sulfate by State at Brigantine Figure 10-5 Modeled 2002 Contributions to Sulfate by State at Lye Brook Figure 10-6 Modeled 2002 Contributions to Sulfate by State at Great Gulf Figure 10-7 Modeled 2002 Contributions to Sulfate by State at Acadia Figure 10-8 Modeled 2002 Contributions to Sulfate by Stat e at Moosehorn Figure 10-9 Modeled 2002 Contributions to Sulfate by State at Shenandoah Figure 10-10 Modeled 2002 Contributions to Sulfate by State at Dolly Sods Figure 10-11 167 EGU Stacks Affecting MANE-VU Class I Area(s) Figure 10-12 Woodsmoke Sour ce Regional Aggregations Figure 10-13a Projec ted Visibility Improvement at Acadia National Park Based On 2009 and 2018 Best and Final Projections Figure 10-13b Project ed Visibility Improvement at Brigantine National Wildlife Refuge Based On Best and Final Modeling Figure 10-13c Projected Visibility Impr ovement at Great Gu lf Wilderness Area Based on Best and Final Modeling Figure 10-13d Project ed Visibility Improvement at Lye Brook Wilderness Area Based on Best and Final Modeling Figure 10-13e Project ed Visibility Improvement at Moosehorn National Wildlife Refuge Based on Best and Final Modelingvi List of Appendices

Appendix A Contributions to Regional Haze in the No rtheast and Mid-Atlantic

United States Appendix B Summary of Federal Land Manager Comments and Responses Appendix C Guidance for Estimating Natura l Visibility Conditions Under the Regional Haze Rule Appendix D Updated Vi sibility Statistics for the MANE-VU Region Appendix E Development of Emission Projections for 2009, 2012 and 2018 for NonEGU Point, Area, and Nonro ad Sources in the MANE-VU Region Appendix F Summary of Consulta tion Meetings and Conferences Appendix G Technical S upport Document on Measures to Mitigate the Visibility Impacts of Construc tion Activities in the MANE-VU Region Appendix H Technical S upport Document for 2002 MANE-VU SIP Modeling Inventories, Version 3 Appendix I Technical Suppor t Document on Agricultur al and Forestry Smoke Management in the MANE-VU Region Appendix J Assessment of Reasonable Progress for Regional Haze in

MANE-VU Class I Areas Appendix K Statem ent of the Mid-Atlantic/Nort heast Visibility Union (MANEVU) Concerning a Course of Ac tion Within MANE-VU Toward Assuring Reasonable Progress Appendix L Baseline and Natural Ba ckground Visibility Conditions Appendix M The Nature of the Fine Particle and Re gional Haze Air Quality Problems in the MANE-VU Region: A Conceptual Description Appendix N MANE-VU Basis for Reasonable Controls Appendix O Supplemental Air Quality Modeling Technical Support Document (TSD) for the Clean Ai r Interstate Rule (CAIR), May, 2004. Appendix P List of Top 167 Sources Appendix Q Five-Factor Analysis of BART-El igible Sources: Survey of Options for Conducting BART Determinations (July, 2007) Appendix R MANE-VU Mode ling for Reasonable Pr ogress Goals: Model Performance Evaluation, Po llution Apportionment, and Control Measure Benefits (February 2008) Appendix S Statement of the Mid-Atlantic/Northeast Visibility Union (MANEVU) Concerning a Request for a Course of Action by States Outside MANE-VU Toward Assuring Reasonable Progress Appendix T Comparison of CAIR and CAIR Plus Proposal using the Integrated Planning Modelvii Appendix U Assessment of Control Technology Options for BART-Eligible Sources: Steam Electric Boilers, Industrial Boilers, Cement Plants and Paper and Pulp Facilities Appendix V 2018 Visibility Projections Appendix W Documentati on of 2018 Emissions from El ectric Generating Units

in the Eastern United States for MANE-VU’s Regional Haze Modeling Appendix X New Hampshire Consultation Letter