Department of Health and Human ServcesOFFICE OF 

INSPECTOR GENERAL 

TRENDS IN URBAN HOSPITAL CLOSURE 

1987 - 1993 

SUVICES 

'1 

;,o/)I430 

JU GIBBS BROWN 

Inspector General 

AUGUST 1995 

OEI-0495-0050 
OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENRA 

The mission of the Offce of Inspector General (OIG), as mandated by Public Law 95-452, as 

amended, is to protect the integrity of the Department of Health and Human Servces' (HHS) programs as well as the health and welfare of beneficiaries served by those programs. This 

statutory mision is carred out through a nationwide network of audits, investigations, and

inspections conducted by three OIG operating components: the Offce of Audit Service, the 

Office of Investigations, and the Offce of Evaluation and Inspections. The OIG also informs 

the Secretary of HHS of program and management problems and recommends courses to 

correct them. 

OFFICE OF AUDIT SERVICE 

The OIG's Office of Audit Servces (OAS) provides all auditing servces for HHS, either by conducting audits with its own audit resources or by overseeing audit work done by others. 

Audits examine the performance of HHS programs and/or its grantees and contractors in 

carryng out their respective responsibilities and are intended to provide independent 

asessments of HHS programs and operations in order to reduce waste, abuse, and 

mimanagement and to promote economy and effciency throughout the Department. 

OFFICE OF INTIGATIONS 

The OIG's Offce of Investigations (01) conducts criminal, civil, and administrative 

investigations of allegations of wrongdoing in HHS programs or to HHS beneficiaries and of 

unjust enrichment by providers. The investigative efforts of 01 lead to criminal convictions 

administrative sanctions, or civil money penalties. The 01 also oversees State Medicaid fraud 

control units which investigate and prosecute fraud and patient abuse in the Medicaid program. 

OFFICE OF EVALUATION AN INSPECfONS 

The OIG's Offce of Evaluation and Inspections (OEI) conducts short-term management and program evaluations (called inspections) that focus on issues of concern to the Department 

the Congress, and the public. The findings and recommendations contained in these inspection 

reports generate rapid, accurate, and up-to-date information on the effciency, vulnerabilty, 

and effectivenes of departmental programs. 

OEI's Atlanta Regional Offce prepared this report under the direction of Jesse J. Flowers 

Regional Inspector General and Christopher Koehler, Deputy Regional Inspector General. 

Principal OEI staff included: 

ATLA OFFCE HEUAR1E 

Ron Kali, (Project Leader) Winnie Walker 

Paula Bowker Linda Moscoe 

Pegg Daniel 

For additional copies of this report, please call the Atlanta Regional Office at (404)-331-4108. 
EXECUTIVE SUMMAR Y


PUROSE 

To describe extent, characteristics, and impact of urban hospital closure in the United 

States durig a 7-year period -- 1987 through 1993. 

BACKGROUN 

Over the past decade, closure of general, acute care hospitals raised concerns about 

continued access to care and the appropriateness of related Federal and State health 

care policies. A number of studies predicted that hospitals would continue closing for 

several years. 

We released a report in May 1989 describing the nationwide phenomenon of hospital 

closure in 1987. We found that the number of closures was small and did not severely affect access to care. Thereafter, we issued annual reports on hospital closure for 

1988 through 1993. In 1993, we also reported on trends in rural hospital closures. 

This report focuses on trends in urban hospital closures. 

FIINGS 

Th rate of uran hopitl cloes genrall decreased dug 1987 through 1993 

In 1987, about 1.1 percent of urban hospitals closed nationally. By 1993, only about . percent closed. During the 7-year period, slightly less than one percent of urban 

hospitals closed annually, for a total of 6.6 percent of all urban hospitals operating in 

that period. 

Pulic hopitals closed at a lower rate than di private for-profi and prate non-profi hopials 

About 3.5 percent of all public hospitals closed during the 7-year period compared to 

5.4 percent for private non-profit hospitals and 12.4 percent for private for-profit hospitals. 

Urban hospitals that closed were smllr and ha lower occupanc rates 

Urban hospitals that closed had an average of 93 beds compared to an average of 245 

beds for all urban hospitals nationally. On average, urban hospitals nationally had an 

occupancy rate of about 57 percent. Urban hospitals that closed had a relatively 

stable occupancy rate of almost 30 percent. The one exception was in 1991 when the 

rate was about 36 percent. 
Although Medicare occupancy rates increased over the 7-year period, the average 

Medicare utilization rate was about the same for closed urban hospitals as for all 

urban hospitals nationally (46.3 versus 45.2 percent). Medicaid occupancy varied from 

year-to-year with no obvious pattern. The average Medicaid occupancy of 14. 

percent in closed urban hospitals was slightly higher than the 12.6 percent in urban 

hospitals nationally. 

Inpati hoitl and emen €care was availble nerby to most €

hopital closed


comr whee a€

In 180 of the 196 urban communities (92%) where a hospital closed durig 1987


through 1993 inpatient hospital care 
 was available within 10 miles. In 184 of the 196


urban communities (94%), emergency care was available within 10 miles.€

More thn half of the closed hopital facilit are being used for health-related serves 

At the time of our review, 106 of the 196 closed urban hospital buildings (54%) were 

being used for health-related servces such as special treatment facilities, outpatient 

clinics, and long-term care facilties. 
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

.. . . .. . ... . .. . ... .. ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS€

PAGE 

EXCU SUMY


INODUCTON. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1€

FIINGS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3€

Exent And Charactertics Of Urban Hospitl Closue€

How Many Closed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3€

Where Were They. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4€

Who Owed Them. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4€

What Were These Hospitals Like. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5€

Size. .. .. .. . . '" . "€ .... .. 5


Occupancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7€

Medicare Utilization . . . . . . . . . 9€

Medicaid Utilization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Impact Of Urban Hospital Closue 

How Many Patients Were Affected. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . €

Are Inpatient and Emergency Servces Available. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14


What Is the Building Used for Now. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14€

ENNOTE. . 

APPENICE 

A: Methodology................................................ A­


B: Number of Urban Hospital Closures by State. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. BC: Urban Hospital Closures by Hospital Name, Location, and Year Closed. . " C-
INTRODUCTION€

PUROSE 

To describe extent, characteristics, and impact of urban hospital closure in the United 

States during a 7-year period -- 1987 through 1993.


BACKGROUN 

Over the last decade, closure of general, acute care hospitals has generated increasing 

public and congressional concern. Numerous questions have been raised about the 

impact of hospital closure on the provision of health care, as well as implications for public policy. A number of studies predicted that more hospitals would close in 

coming years. 

The Offce of Inspector General released an inspection report in May 1989 describing the phenomenon of rural and urban hospital closure during 1987 in the United States. 

We found that the number of closures was small and did not severely affect access to 

care. Many users of our 1987 hospital closure study encouraged us to continue yearby-year analyses of the phenomenon to detect diferences in the rate of hospital 

closure, and in the characteristics and circumstances of hospitals that close. 

Consequently, the OIG conducted similar inspections of hospital closure for the years 

1988 - 1993.


This report focuses on urban hospital closures. Unlie our earlier annual hospital 

closure reports, it does not combine rural and urban hospital closures. About hal the 

hospitals (52%) in the United States are in urban areas. 

SCOPE 

We examined urban hospitals that closed during calendar years 1987 through 1993. 

For purposes of this study, we used the following definitions. 

Urban Hospita: A facilty located in an urban area that provides general, short-term 

acute medical and surgical inpatient servces. We used Health Care Financing 

Adminstration s (HCFA) Hospital Cost Report Information System to identify 

hospitals located in urban areas. 

Oosed Hospita: One that stopped providing general, short-term, acute inpatient servces during 1987 through 1993. If a hospital merged with or was sold to another 

hospital but continued to provide inpatient acute care at the physical plant, it was not

considered a closure. If a hospital both closed and reopened in the same year, it was 

not considered a closure. If a hospital closed, reopened, and then closed again during

the years in our study, it was counted as a closure only once. 
MEODOLOGY 

To determine the extent and impact of urban hospital closure, we obtained and 

aggregated information from State hospital associations, State licensing and 

certification agencies, State health planning agencies, HCF A data bases, offcials 

associated with closed and nearby hospitals, and local public offcials. 

We obtained information on the characteristics of all urban hospitals and those that 

closed durig 1987 through 1993 from the Hospital Cost Report Information System 

maintained by HCFA. 

We conducted this inspection in accordance with the 
 Quality Standards for Inspections issued by the President's Council on Integrity and Effciency. 

Appendix A describes our methodology in further detail. 
FINDINGS€

EX AN CHCTSTCS OF CLSED URAN HOSPITAL€

How Many Closed?€

Durng The Year Period Beginning In 1987, 196 Urban Hospitals Closed- 6.€

Percent Of All Urban Hospitals Nationally€

In 1987, HCFA's data base showed 5 657 general, short-term, acute care hospitals€

participating in the Medicare program. Of those, 2 705 (48 percent) were rural and€

952 (52 percent) were urban.€

Urban Hospitals in the U.S. in 1987 952€

Closed in 1987 through 1993 196 (6.6%)€

The trend in urban hospital closures has generally decreased during 1987 through€

1993. Durig the fist 3 years of the period, about 1.2 percent of urban hospitals€

closed annually. By the last 4 years of the period, only about .8 percent of the€ hospitals closed annually. On average, less than 1 percent of the 2 952 urban hospitals€

closed each year. The year-by-year closures are ilustrated below.


URBAN HOSPITAL CLOSURE€

BY YEAR€

# of Closurea


1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993€

YEAR€
Hospitals That Closed Had Little Impact On Overall National Bed Capacity 

Whe 6.6 percent of all urban hospitals closed in the United States during the 7-year period, only 2.5 percent of the beds (18 294) were lost. 

Whre Were 
 Th? 

Urban Hospitals Closed In 34 States, During The 7-year Period 

Texas had the greatest number of urban closures (33) followed by California (25), 

Michigan (14), Ilinois (14), and Massachusetts (11). These five States represented 50 

percent of the closures. Appendix B lists the number of hospital closures by State durig the 7-year period 1987 through 1993. 

Closed Hospitals Were Located In 145 Urban Communities 

Chicago had the greatest number of hospital closures (12) followed by Detroit (9), 

Dallas (6), Seattle (6), El Paso (4), Los Angeles (4), Kansas City (3), Phiadelphia (3), and St. Paul (3). Ten cities had two closures and the remaining 126 cities had one 

closure each. Appendix C lists closures by hospital name, location, and year closed 

during the 7-year period -- 1987 through 1993.


Wh Ow Them? 

In Urban Areas, A Smaller Percentage Of Public Hospitals Closed Than Did 

Prvate Non-Profit And Prvate For-Profit Hospitals 

Three and one-half percent of all public hospitals closed during the 7-year period compared to 5.4 percent for private non-profit hospitals and 12.4 percent for private 

for-profit hospitals. 

Total Number 

Hospital Owership of Urban 

Hospitals in 

1987 

Public 

Private Non-Profit 

Number of 

Closed Urban 

Hospitals in 

1987- 1993* 

Percent of


Hospitals Which 

Closed in 1987-


1993 By Type 

5.4% 
Wht Were Th Cled Hospitls Li? 

Urban Hospitals That Closed Each Year Were Considerably Smaller When 

Compared To The Average Size Of Urban Hospitals Nationally 

Over the 7-year period urban hospitals that closed had an average of 93 beds 

compared to an average of 245 beds for all urban hospitals nationally. The chart 

below shows a year-by-year comparison. 

URBAN HOSPITALS THAT CLOSED 

WERE SMALL€

300 -#' of Beds 

250 -€

200 -

160 -€

100-

60 -€

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 

National Avg Closed Hospital Avg€

Hospital Closure Affected A Higher Percentage Of Smaller Hospitals Than Larger 

Hospitals 

Ninety-seven percent (192 of 196) of the urban hospitals that closed were smaller than 

the national average of 245 beds. More than half the hospitals (59%) that closed had 

fewer than 100 beds.€

Nearly half (46%) of all urban hospitals with fewer than 30 beds closed during the 7-

year period. During this same period, only 1.1 percent of all urban hospitals with 200 

or more beds closed. The table on the following page shows that as the size of 

hospitals increase, the percentage of closures decreases. 
AS HOSPITAL SIZ INCRED 

TH PERCE OF CLSUR DECRED 

Total Number of Number of Urban Percent of Urban 

Size of Urban Hospitals Hospitals that Hospitals that Hospital 

0:30 beds 

30 - 49 beds€

50 - 99 beds€

100 - 149 beds€

150 -199 beds 

200+ beds€

in 1987 Closed in 1987- 1993 Closed by Size€

45.€

146 22.€

465 12.€

448 10.€

365€

1468 1.%€

Public Hospitals That Closed In Urban Areas Were Smaller Than Prvate NonProfit And Prvate For-Profit Hospitals 

Public hospitals that closed had an average size of 81 beds compared to 101 beds for€

private non-profit hospitals and 88 beds for private for-profit hospitals.€

SIZE BY TYPE OF OWNERSHIP 

# of Beds€ 120 €

101€

100-€

80-€

60-€

40-€

20-€

PUB PNP PPP€

7-YEAR AVERAGE/CLOSED URBAN HOSPITALS€

Prvate For-Profit Hospitals That Closed In Urban Areas Had Lower Occupancy 

Rates Than Public And Prvate Non-Profit Hospitals 

Private for-profit hospitals that closed had an average occupancy rate of 27 percent 

compared to 32 percent for public hospitals and 33 percent for private non-profit hospitals. 

OCCUPANCY 

BY TYPE OF OWNERSHIP 

40%-% Occupancy 

35%- 32% 33%€

30%- 27%€

26% -€

20%-€

16% -€

10% -€

6% -€

0%-€

PUB PNP PFP€

7-YEAR AVERAGE/CLOSED URBAN HOSPITALS 
Average Medicare Utilization At Urban Hospitals That Closed Was About The 

Same When Compared To All Urban Hospitals Nationally 

Over the 7-year period, urban hospitals that closed had an average Medicare utilization 

of 46.3 percent compared to an average of 45.2 percent for all urban hospitals 

nationally.2 The chart below shows a year-by-year comparison. 

MEDICARE UTILIZATION 

BY YEAR 

60%-% Medicare Occupancy 

50%-

40%-

30%-

20%-

10%-

0%-

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 

National Avg
 E2 Closed Hospital Avg 
Prvate For-Profit Hospitals That Closed In Urban Areas Had Lower Medicare 

Utilization Compared To Public And Prvate Non-Profit Hospitals 

Private for-profit hospitals that closed had a Medicare utiliztion rate of 41 percent compared to 49 percent for public hospitals and 48 percent for private non-profit hospitals. 

MEDICARE UTILIZATION 

BY TYPE OF OWNERSHIP 

60%-% Medicare Occupancy 

50%-

40%-

30%-

20%-

10% -€

0%-

49% 

PUB 

48% 

PNP 

41% 

PFP 

7-YEAR AVERAGE/CLOSED URBAN HOSPITALS€
Average Medicaid Utilization At Urban Hospitals That Closed Was Higher Than 

The Average Medicaid Utilization Of All Urban Hospitals Nationally 

Over the 7-year period, urban hospitals that closed had an average Medicaid utiliztion 

of 14.8 percent compared to an average of 12.6 percent for all urban hospitals 

nationally.3 The chart below shows a year-by-year comparison. 

MEDICAID UTILIZATION 

BY YEAR 

20% -% Medicaid Occupancy 

15% -

10% -


5% -

0% -


1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 

National Avg E2 Closed Hospital Avg 
Public Hospitals That Closed In Urban Areas Had Higher Medicaid Utilization 

Than Did Prvate Non-Profit Hospitals and Prvate For-Profit Hospitals 

Public hospitals that closed in urban areas had a Medicaid utilition rate of 18 

percent compared to 15 percent for private non-profit hospitals and 13 percent for 

private for-profit hospitals. 

MEDICAID UTILIZATION 

BY TYPE OF OWNERSHIP 

20%-% MedIcaid Occupancy 

18% 

15% -


10% -


5%-

0%­

PUB


15% 

PNP 

13% 

PFP 

7-YEAR AVERAGE/CLOSED URBAN HOSPITALS

IMACf OF HOSPITAL CLSUR 

How Many Patints Were Affected? 

Twenty-eight Patients Were In The 196 Urban Hospitals On An Average Day In 

The Year Pror To Closure 

The chart below shows the number of patients affected by urban hospital closure 

during the 7-year period. 

WHN URBAN HOSPITAL CLOSED


HOW MA PATIENTS WERE AFECTD?€

Average Patient Census 93. 

Average Medicare Utilization Rate x 30. 

Average Number Medicare Patients 27. 

Thirteen Medicare And Four Medicaid Patients Were In The Urban Hospital On 

An Average Day During The Year Pror To Closure 

The chart below shows the number of elderly and poor affected by urban hospital 

closure durig the 7 -year period. 

WHN URBAN HOSPITAL CLOSED


HOW MA MEDICARE AN MEDICAID PATIENTS


WERE AFECTD?€

Average Number of Patients 

Daily (all Patients) 

Average Medicare and


Medicaid Utilization Rate 

Average Number of Medicare 

and Medicaid Patients Daily 

Medicare Medicaid 

Patients Patients 

27. 27. 

x 46. x 14.


12. 
Are Inpati An Emeency Servces Availble? 

We assessed availability of inpatient hospital and emergency medical care in miles€

from the closed hospitals to the nearest inpatient and emergency facilities. 

In Most Communities Where A Hospital Closed During The 7-Year Period 

Inpatient Hospital And Emergency Facilities Were Available Nearby 

In 180 of the 196 urban communities (92%) where a hospital closed from 1987€

through 1993, residents could get inpatient hospital care within 10 miles of the closed 

hospital. Most inpatient hospital care is available within 3 miles of the closed facility. 

Residents of only one community who lost their hospital must travel over 20 miles for 

inpatient care. For Snoqualmie, Washington the nearest hospital is now located 25€

miles away in Bellevue. 

For residents in 184 of the 196 urban communities (94%) where a hospital closed 

emergency care facilties were available within 10 miles from the closed hospital. Most 

emergency care is available within 3 miles of the closed facility. The remaining 12 

communities are within 20 miles of an emergency facility. 

Wht Is Th Buiing Used For Now? 

Over Half Of The Closed Hospital Buildings Are Being Used For Health-Related Services


At the time of our review, 106 of the 196 closed urban hospital buildings (54%) were 

being used for health-related servces. The following chart ilustrates the use of all 196 

hospital facilities after closure during the 7-year period 1987 through 1993.


USE BUILDING€

Specialty Treatment Facility€

(e. chemical dependency)€

Reopened Hospital€

Long-Term Care Facility€

Outpatient Servces/Clinic€

Offces€

Vacant€

llg;€

NUBER€

FORMR HOSPITAL*€

*Duplicate count: In some cases more than 1 servce is now offered€

in the former hospital.€
ENDNOTES 

Hospital occupancy rate is defined as the actual number of patient days divided 

by the total bed days available. National occupancy rate is defined as the sum 

of all urban hospitals' occupancy rates , divided by the number of urban 

hospitals. 

Average Medicare utilzation of closed urban hospitals is defined as the percent 

of Medicare patient days compared to the total patient days for each hospital 

summed and divided by the number of hospitals. National average Medicare 

utiliation is the percent of Medicare utilzation of each hospital, summed and 

divided by the total number of urban hospitals. 

Medicaid utilization is calculated in the same way as Medicare utilzation. 
APPENDIX A€

METHODOLOGY 

Ex Of Urban Hosital Cloe 

To determe how many urban hospitals closed during 1987 through 1993, we surveyed

State licensing and certification agencies, State hospital associations and State health 

plannng agencies. We also compiled Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) 

data on terminated providers in 1987- 1993. When a closed hospital met our study 

definition and when there were questions, we contacted offcials associated with the 

closed hospitals, offcials associated with hospitals nearest to the closed hospital, and 

local public officials. 

To detennne the number of hospitals in the United States, we used the Hospital Cost 

Report Information System (HCRIS) maintained by HCFA. We included only 

general, short-term, acute care hospitals under Medicare s Prospective Payment 

System (PPS) in the universe. 

Characterti Of Urban Hospital Closue 

To analyze characteristics of closed hospitals, we used HCFA's HCRIS data. We used 

the latest pre-closure cost reports. For example, if a hospital closed in May 1991 and 

its accounting year was on a January-December cycle, we used the provider s January 

, 1990 to December 31, 1990 report. 

Impact of Hosital Clsue 

We lited our "impact" analysis to the distance from a closed hospital to the nearest 

stil-operating hospitals and to emergency servces. We obtained data for our analysis from intervews with the following sources. 

Former hospital administrators, board members, and/or staff of closed hospitals 

Hospital administrators and/or staff at the nearest hospitals 

Local police and health offcials 

Local governent officials 

State health planning agencies€

State certification and licensing agencies€

State hospital associations€
APPENDIX B 

1987 - 1993 URB HOSPITAL CLOSURS 

196 Urban Oosures Raed By State 
APPENDIX C€

198-199 URBAN HOSPITAl ClOSURES BY NAE, LOCATION, AND YE CLOSED 

a, Name€

Medical Park West 

Piedmont Hosp€

North Mobile Communit Hosp€

Grays Hosp€

Pheonix General Hosp€

Scottsdale Communit Hosp 

Valley View Communit Hosp€

Buena Park Communit Hosp 

Rancho Encino Hosp€

Fowler Municipal Hosp€

Wheeler Hosp€

Hayward Hosp 

Kingsburg General Hosp€

Medical Center/LMlrada€

Domlngquez Medica Center€

Metropol an Hosp€

Marina Hils Hosp€

Linda Vista Communit Hosp€

Beverly Hils Medical Center 

Channel islands Communit Hospilal 

Christian Hosp aI Medical Center€

Pico Rivera Communit Hosp 

Shasta General Hosp€

Ros General Hosp€

Communit Hosp al Sacramento€

Communit Hosp al of Salinas 

AMI Clairmont Communit Hosp 

San Diego Physicians and Surgeons€

AMI Communit Hosp al of Santa Cruz€

Suncrest Hosp al of Orange County 

North Kern Hosp 

Yolo General Hosp€

Doctors Hosp€

Rocky Mountain- Hosp€

Memorial Hosp€

AMC Cancer Research Center€

Park Cit Hosp 

Cap ol Hil Hosp 

North Gables Hosp€

Clay Memorial Hosp€

Humana Hosp aI-South Broward€

North Miami Medical Center€

Deering Hosp€

Southeasern Medical Center€

Universit Hospilal€

Centro Austurlano Hosp 

Doctors Hosp al of Tampa 

Cit State 

Birmingham 

Piedmont 

Satsuma 

Batesville 

Pheonix 

Scottsdale 

Youngtown 

Buena Park€

Encino 

Fowler 

Gilroy 

Hayward 

Kingsburg 

La Mlrada€

Long Beach 

Los Angeles 

Los Angeles 

Los Angeles€

Los Angeles€

Oxnard 

Perris 

Pico Rivera€

Redding 

Ross 

Sacramento 

Salinas 

San Diego€

San Diego€

Santa Cruz€

Stanton€

Wasco€

Woodland€

Colorado Springs€

Denver€

Greeley€

Lakewood€

Bridgeport€

Washington€

Coral Gables€

Green Cove Springs€

Hollyood€

Miami€

Miami€

North Miami Beach€

Pensacola€

Tampa€

Tampa€

Year 

Closed 

1988 

1991 

1988 

1989 

1988 

198 

199 

1987 

199 

199 

198 

1988 

1987 

199 

1991 

1988 

199 

1991 

1993 

1989 

1991 

199 

1987 

1988 

198 

1990 

1988 

1991 

199 

199 

1987 

1991 

1989 

1989 

1987 

1989 

1993 

1991 

199 

199 

1991 

1990 

199 

1989 

1992 

199 

1993 

C - 1€
198-199 URB HOSPITAL CLOSURES BY NAE, LOCA1l0N, AND YE CLOSED (Co) 

Hosp aI Name 

Physicians and Surgeons Hosp€

Atlanta Hosp€

St. Joseph' s Hosp€

Provident Medical Center


Walher Memorial Hosp 

Hosp al of Englewood 

Frank Cuneo Memorial Hosp€

St. Anne s Hosp€

Mary Thompson Hosp€

Lutheran General Hosp€

Mount Sinai North Hosp€

Sheridan Road Hosp€

Central Communit Hosp 

Lakeside Communit Hosp 

Martha Washington Hosp 

Gateway Communit Hosp 

Memorial Hosp al Corporation of Topeka 

Dixon Memorial Hosp 

Montelepre Hosp 

Our Lady of Lourdes Hosp 

Amesbury Hosp 

Massachusetts Osteopathic Hosp al and Medical Center 

Brookline Hosp 

Saneta Maria Hosp 

Hunt Hosp 

Holden Hosp 

Mary A. Alley Hosp 

St. Luke s Hosp 

Parkwood Hosp 

Choate Hosp 

Worcester Cit Hosp 

Homewood Hosp al Center South 

Parkwood Hosp 

Leland Memorial Hosp€

Tayior Hosp€

Springwells Healh Center€

Lakeshore Hosp 

Metropoll!an Hosp al and Heallh Center€

A. Blain Hosp€

Detrol! MemoriaL Hosp€

Brent General Hosp 

Northwest General Hosp 

Southwest Detro Hospl!al 

Docors Hosp 

North Detro General Hosp 

Detro Osteopathic Hosp 

Redford Communit Hosp 

Millon Communit Hosp 

Westland Medical Center 

Eveleth Hosp 

St. John s Eastslde Hospllal 

Samar an Hosp 

Mounds Park Hosp 

Year 

Cit Stale Closed 

Atlanta 199 

Atlanta 199 

1989 

Chicago 1987 

Chicago 1987 

Chicago 1988 

Chicago 1988 

Chicago 198 

Chicago 1988 

Chicago 1989 

Chicago 1989 

Chicago 1989 

Chicago 199 

Chicago 1991 

Chicago 1991 

East St. Louis 1989 

Topeka 1989 

Denham Springs 1987 

New Orleans 198 St. Martinsville 198 

Amesbury 199 

Boston 199 

Brookline 1988 

Cambridge 1989 

Danvers 199 

Holden 199 

Marblehead 1987 

Middleboro 199 

New Bedford 1987 

Woburn 198 

Worcester 1991 

Ballimore 1991 

Clinton 1989 

Riverdale 1993 

Bangor 1989 

Dearborn 1987 

Detro 1987 

Detrol! 1987 

Detro 1987 

Detrol! 1987 

Detro 1988 

Detro 199 

Detro 1991 

Detro 199 

Detro 199 

Highland Park 1992 

Redford 1989 

River Rouge 1987 

Westland 199 

Eveleth 1993 

St. Paul 1987 

St. Paul 1987 

St. Paul 1987 

C - 2 
198-199 URBA HOSPITAL ClOSURES BY NAE, LOCATION, AND YE ClOSED (Co) 

Hospital Name 

Universit Hospital 

St. Mary s North€

Lakeside Hospital€

Deaconess Hospital-North


Lindell Hospital€

Central Medical Center Hospital€

Doctors Hospital€

South Bergen Hospital€

The Livingston Communit Hospital€

St. Mary s Hospital€

Kennedy Memorial Hospital of Saddle Brook€

Presbyterian Northside Hospital€

Incline Vilage Communit Hospital€

Arnold Gregory Memorial Hospital 

Baptist Medical Center€

St. Francis Hospital/Bufalo€

Adirondack Regional Hospital€

Parsons Hospital€

Emma Laing Stevens Hospital€

Sheridan Park Hospital€

Tioga General Hospital€

St. John Hospital€

Northeastern Ohio General Hospital€

Wellngton Communit Hospital 

Hominy Cit Hospital 

Southwest Medica Center 

Docors General Hospital€

Cit of Faith Hospital 

Cascade Communit Hospital€

Eugene Hospital and Clinic€

Holladay Park Medical Center€

Carbondale General Hospital€

Westmoreland McGinnis Hospital€

Universit Medical Center 

Medical COllege Hospital/Lwndale Division 

Cooper Hospital€

Phllipsburg State General Hospital€

St. John s Heaith and Hospital Center€

Scranton State General Hospital€

Notre Dame Hospital€

Cranston General Hospital€

Divine Savior Hospital€

Sequatchle General Hospital€

Northwest General Hospital€

St. Mary s North Hospital€

Humana Hospital-McFarland


Smyrna Hospital€

Seton Holy Cross Hospital€

Gull Coast Hospital€

Buna Medical Center Hospital€

Corpus Christi Osteopathic Hospital€

Dallas Medical and Surgical Hospital€

Gaston Episcopal Hospital€

Year 

Cit State Closed 

Kansas Cit 1988 

Kansas Cit 1988 

Kansas Cit 199 

Normandy 1993 

St. Louis 1988 

St. Louis 1993 

Jackson 1991 

Hasbrouck Heights 1987 

livingston 1988 

Orange 1989 

Saddle Brook 199 

Albuquerque 1993 

Incline Vilage 1990 

Albion 1989 

Brooklyn 1987 

Bufalo 199 

Corinth 1990 

Flushing 1988 

Granvile 1989 

T onawanda 1987 

Waverly 199 

Cleveland 1990 

Madison 1988 

Wellngton 1989 

Hominy 1990 

Moore 1993 

Oklahoma Cit 199 

Tulsa 1989 

Central Point 1987 

Eugene 1988 

Portland 199 

Carbondale 199 

Ligonier 1992 

Philadelphia 1988 

Philadelphia 199 

Philadelphia 1993 

Phllipsburg 1991 

Pitsburg 198 

Scranton 1988 

Central Falls 1989 

Cranston 1993 

York 1991 

Dunlap 1993 

Knoxvile 1989 

Lake Cit 1988 

Lebanon 199 

Smyrna 1988 

Austin 1989 

Baytown 1992 

Buna 1990 

Corpus Christi 1990 

Dallas 1987 

Dallas 1988 

C - 3 
198-199 URBA HOSPITAL ClOSURE BY NAE, LOCTION, AND YE ClOSED (Co) 

Hosptlal Name 

Southwest Dallas Hosptlal 

Lake Clif Hosptlal 

Dallas Memorial Hosptlal 

Southeastern Methodist Hospttal 

Flow Memorial Hospttal 

Northpark Hospttal 

Ysleta General Hospttal 

Landmark Medical Center 

Valley Communit Hospttal 

Continental Hospttal North 

Deaton Hospttal 

Hart Clinic Hospttal 

Medical Center - Gladewater 

Whttcomb Memorial Hospttal 

Omni Hosptlal and Medical Center 

Charles R. Drew Medical Center


Pioneer Park Hospttal


Oakwood Family Hospttal


West Texas Hospttal


HCA Mansfeld Hosptlal


Mesqutte Physicians Hosptlal


New Boston General Hospttal


Tri-Cit Regional Hospttal


King Wiliam Heatth Center


Lutheran General Hospttal 

Taft Hospttal District 

Communit Hospttai of Tyler 

Jefferson Hospttal


Northgate General Hospttal 

Shorewood Osteopathic Hospttal 

Pacmc Medical Center 

Medical Dental Hosptlal 

West Seattle Communit Hospttal 

SI. Cabrini Hosptlal of Seattle 

Snoqualmie Valley Hospttal 

SI. Lukes Memorial Hospttal 

Communit Hospttal


SI. Anthony s Family Medical Center


First Hospttal of Milwaukee


New Berlin Memorial Hospttal 

Guthrie Memorial Hospttal


Doctors Hospttal


Weirton Osteopathic Hospttal


Year 

Cit State Closed 

Dallas 1991 

Dallas 199 

Dallas 1993 

Dallas 1993 

Denton 1988 

EI Paso 1987 

EI Paso 1987 

EI Paso 1988 

EI Paso 1993 

FI. Worth 1987 

Galena Park 1987 

Gladewater 1988 

Gladewater 199 

Grand Prairie 1988 

Houston 1988 

Houston 199 

Irving 1988 

Lubbock 1988 

Lubbock 1991 

Mansfeld 1988 

Mesqutte 1991 

New Boston 1987 

Pasadena 1993 

San Antonio 1988 

San Antonio 1991 

Taft 1988 

Tyler 1991 

Alexandria 1992 

Seattle 1987 

Seattle 1987 

Seatle 1987 

Seattle 1988 

Seatle 199 

Seattle 199 

Snoqualmie 199 

Spokane 1993 

Yakima 199 

Milwaukee 1988 

Milwaukee 1988 

New Berlin 1988 

Huntington 1988 

South Charleston 199 

Weirton 1993 

Note: "lnce Ine time OT our review some or Ine nospitalslistec as Clsures may nave reopenea. 

C - 4