Mississippian Ostracoda 

of the Amsden Formation 

(Mississippian and Pennsylvanian) 

of Wyoming 

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 848-G 

Mississippian Ostracoda 

of the Amsden Formation 

(Mississippian and Pennsylvanian) 

of Wyoming 

By I. G. SOHN 

THE AMSDEN FORMATION (MISSISSIPPIAN AND PENNSYLVANIAN) 

OF WYOMIN(;. 

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 848-G 

Descriptions and illustrations of 

22 species of ostracodes 

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON 1975 
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary 

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

V. E. McKelvey, Director 

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data 

Sohn, Israel Gregory, 1911-

Mississippian ostracoda of the Amsden Formation (Mississippian and Pennsylvanian) of Wyoming. 

(Geological Survey professional paper ; 848-G) 

Bibliography: p. 

Includes index. 

Supt. of Docs. no.: I 19.16 :848-G 

1. Ostracoda, Fossil. 2. Paleontology-Mississippian. 3. Paleontology-Wyoming. I. Title. II. Series: United 

States. Geological Survey. Professional paper ; 848-G. 

QE817.08S573 565' .33'09787 74-31457 

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office 

Washington, D.C. 20402 

Stock Number 024-001-02639-2 
CONTENTS 

Abstract ________ --.----- __ - _---------------------------------------------

Introduction -------------------------------------------------------------

Acknowledgments -------------------------.------------------------------- Ostracode localities ___________________________________________ ----------

Systematic descriptions --------------------------------------------------

References cited ---------------------------------------------------------

Index __ ----·-------------------------------------------------------------

ILLUSTRATIONS 

[Plates follow index] 

Page 

G1 

1 

2 

.. 

•) 

3 

18 

21 

PLATE 1. Balantoides, Healdia, Pse~tdobythocyp1·is?, Tetratylus, "Ectodemites," Bairdia, Cavellina, and H ollinella. 

2. Nuferella, Sansabella, and Sargentina. 

3. Shishaella, Glyptopleura, Glyptopleurites, Acratia?, and Amphissites. 

TABLE 

Page 

TABLE 1. Recorded distribution of Morey's sp.ecies G2 

III 

THE AMSDEN FORMATION (MISSISSIPPIAN AND PENNSYLVANIAN) OF WYOMING 

MISSISSIPPIAN OSTRACODA OF THE AMSDEN FORMATION 

(MISSISSIPPIAN AND PENNSYLVANIAN) 

OF WYOMING 

By I. G. SoHN 

ABSTRACT 

The types of the ostracode assemblage described by Morey 

from the Horseshoe Shale Member of the Amsden Formation 

of Wyoming are reillustrated and reassigned to 14 genera. 

A lectotype for H ealdia ornata Morey, 1935 is designated and 

illustrated. Two of the species originally described as Bairdia 

by Morey are reillustrated, but considered as indeterminate; 

a third species in this genus is not illustrated because there 

is doubt that the specimens in the type-slide are those 

studied by Morey. The speciments identified by Morey as 

Paraparchites nicklesi (Ulrich, 1891) are presumed lost; 

based on the original description and illustration that taxon 

is questionably referred to Shishaella moreyi described here 

as new. One ostracode is illustrated but not formally named, 

two are provisionally referred to known species, and Cavellina 

spp. are illustrated. Specimens of Nu,ferella, Glyptopleur·ites, 

and Sansabella are illustrated in open nomenclature. 

Glyptopleurites cf. G. windfieldi Scott, 1942 and Sansabella 

cf. S. bella Scott, 1942 are related to species in the Otter 

Formation of Montana. The type-species or other species in 

Acratia, Balantoides, Glyptopleurites, Nuferella, Sansabella, 

and Sargentina are illustrated in order to document the 

generic reassignments. All the specimens from outside of 

Wyoming that have been referred to Morey's species were 

misidentified. 

The ostracode assemblage in the Horseshoe Shale Member of the Amsden Formation is endemic, and suggests a relationship to the Otter Formation (Late Mississippian) of 

Montana. Based on the presence of Balantoides, Glyptopleurites, and Tetratylus, the age of the ostracode-bearing 

rocks in the Horseshoe Shale Member is older than Pennsylvanian. 

INTRODUCTION 

This report is based on a poorly preserved faunule 

from USGS collection 18788-PC (colin. 117 herein), 

obtained by heating some sandstone chunks and 

then crushing them, and on a restudy of the typespecimens of the assemblage described by Morey 

( 1935) from the Wind River Range. All the localities are in the Horseshoe Shale Member of the Amsden Formation. Morey described and illustrated 17 

species in 12 genera from the Amsden Formation. 

Except for Paraparchites nicklesi (Ulrich, 1891), 

all the species and the genus Balantoides Morey, 

1935 were described as new. Morey's ostracodes 

were extracted from float material at two localities : 

Cherry Creek (colin. 37 herein) and Amsden Hill 

(collns. 24, 2.5 herein). The lithology of the Cherry 

Creek locality was not given by Morey (1935, p. 

474), but at Amsden Hill, two types of lithologies 

were collected : highly ferruginous red shade (colin. 

25) underlain by more highly ferruginous purplish 

limestone (colin. 24), with the purplish limestone 

containing the same ostracode species as the Cherry 

Creek material. The following ostracodes were 

described: 

Paraparchites nicklesi (Ulrich, 1891)=?Shishaella moreyi 

Sohn, n. sp. 

Sansabella amsdenensis Morey, 1935=Sargentina? amsdenensis (Morey, 1935) 

Sansabella? dubia Morey, 1935 

Sansabella reversa Morey, 1935 

Jonesina? puncta Morey, 1935=Nuferella? puncta (Morey, 

1935) 

Glyptopleura multicostata Morey, 1935 

Amphissites warei Morey, 1935="Ectodemites" warei 

(Morey). Sohn 1962 

Amphissites robertsi, Morey, 1935 

Balantoides quadrilobatus Morey, 1935 

HoUinella typica Morey, 1935 

Bairdia contracta Morey, 1935=nomen dubium (Sohn, 1960, 

p. 36) 

Bairdia delicata Morey, 1935=nomen dubium ( Sohn, 1960, 

p. 37) 

Baii'dia nasuta Morey, 1935=nomen dubium ( Sohn, 1960, 

p. 39) 

Bythocypris amsdenensis Morey, 1935=Pseudobythocypris? 

amsdenensis (Morey, 1935) 

Healdia ornata Morey, 1935 

Acratia disjunctus Morey, 1935=A.? disjuncta Morey, 1935 

Cytherella bransoni Morey, 1935=Cavellina bransoni 

(Morey, 1935) 

Morey's types and a vial of sediment containing 

poorly preserved ostracodes that bears the label 

"Amsden--Amsden Hill, Little Popo Agie" were 

borrowed from the Department of Geology, UniverGl 
G2 THE AMSDEN FORMATION (MISSISSIPPIAN AND PENNSYLVANIAN) OF WYOMING 

sity of Missouri, Columbia. Unfortunately, only the I 

type-slides are now available at the University of 

Missouri, and the slide containing the illustrated · 

specimen of Paraparchites nicklesi (Ulrich, 1891) 

is presumed to be lost at this time. During the past 

35 years, some of the specim.ens on the type-slides 

have spalled, and the slide for Bwird1~a contracta 

(Univ. Missouri 0.1029-5) contains three badly corroded steinkerns, none of which matches the illustrated holotype. 

Table 1 shows the recorded distribution by Morey 

and the locality of each of Morey's specimens as 

shown on the type-slides. 

Because the type-series of Bairdia contracta, is 

recorded in table 1 as consisting of only two specimens, and the slide now contains three poorly preserved specimens, the ·entire collection of types 

should be cautious1ly evaluated, and unless the spedmens can be matched perfectly with the illustrations, 

they should be considered as not belonging to the 

types. In order to do that, and to document my decisions, all the types, except B. contracta, were photographed for this study. 

Prior to 1935, Upper Mississippian ostracodes in 

North America were described in only 13 papers 

(Sohn, 1960, p. 2) ; these represent less than half 

the number of papers and a fraction of the taxa 

known now. Many of the species described by Morey 

from the Amsden Formation of Wyoming have been 

identified from. Mississippian (late Chesterian) 

rocks in the midcontinent by later workers. By comparing these identifieations with Morey's types, I 

have been able to determine that all of the recorded 

occurrences outside of Wyoming were misidentified. 

Fortunately, I was able to borrow many of C. L. 

Cooper's types (Cooper, 1941) and the uncataloged 

types of Coryell and Johnson (1939) and Coryell 

and Sohn (1938) for direct comparison. Some of 

these specimens are reillustrated in order to substantiate some of my generic and specific reassignments. The only faunistic relationship that I can 

determine is that with Scott's (1942) assemblage 

from the Big Snowy Group of Montana from which 

Glyptopleurites windfieldi Scott, 1942 and Sansabella bella Scott, 1942 were described. H ollinella radiata (Jones and Kirkby) of Cooper, 1947 from the 

upper part of the Kinkaid Formation of Illinois is 

similar to, but not conspecific with H. typica Morey, 

1935. All the genera known in the Amsden Formation have been recorded elsewhere in rocks of 

Mississippian and Pennsylvanian ages, but Balantoides Morey, 1935, Glyptopleurites CoryeU and 

Johnson, 1939, and Tetratyl1ts Cooper, 1941 have not 

yet been recorded in rocks of Pennsylvanian age. I 

conclude from this study that the ostracodes in the 

Horseshoe Shale Member of the Amsden Formation 

of Wyoming represent an endemic assemblage of 

Mississippian, probably of late Chesterian age, that 

is distinct from the ostracodes of approximately the 

same age in the midcontinent. 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 

I am grateful to the following for assistance: 

Prof. R. L. Ethington, University of Missouri, Columbia, for Morey's types; Prof. H. V. Howe and 

Mr. A. M. Phillips, Jr., Louisiana State University, 

TABLE !.-Recorded distribution of Morey's species 

[X, recorded locality on the type-slide] 

Cherry Creek 

Collection 37 

Amsden Hill 

Purple limestone 

Collection 24 

Red Shale 

Collection 25 

Paraparchites nicklesi (Ulrich, 1891) ------------------------------------ 1 specimen ------------------------------- Sansabella amsdenensis Morey, 1935 ---------------- X, abundant -------- Abundant -------------------------------- Sansabella? dubia Morey, 1935 ---------------------- X, 1 specimen ------------------------------------------------- Sansabella reversa, Morey, 1935 --------------------- X, abundant, 200+ __ Abundant, 250+ -------------------------

Jonesina? puncta Morey, 1935 ---------------------- Common ------------ X, common ------------------------------ Glyptopleura multicostata Morey, 1935 -------------- X, 2 specimens ------ 2 specimens --------------------~---------

Amphissites warei Morey, 1935 __ ---------- _- ___ X, rare ------------- Rare --------------- Common ------------

robertsi Morey, 1935 --------------------------- 1X? ------------------------------------- X, common --------- Balantoides quadrilobatus Morey, 1935 -------------- X, rare ------------ Rare ------------------------------------ Hollinella typic,a Morey, 1935 -------------------------------------------- --------------------- X, 1 specimen _____ _ Bairdia contracta Morey, 1935- _- - -- - - ____ ---- X, 2 specimens --------------------------- --------------------- delicata Mo,rey, 1935 -------------------------- X, rare ---------------------------------- --------------------- nasuta Morey, 1935 ·---- ___________ -- -- X, 2 specimens ------------------------------------------------

Bythocypris amsdenensis Morey, 1935 ---------------- X, common --------- Common --------------------------------- Healdia ornata Morey, 1935 ------------------------ X, 2 specimens --------,...------------------ --------------------- Acratia disjunctus Morey, 1935 --------------------- X? common --------- Common --------------------------------- Cytherella bransoni Morey, 1935 ----------------------------------------- --------------------- X, rare ------------

1 See discussion. 
MISSISSIPPIAN OSTRACODA OF THE AMSDEN FORMATION G3 

for the type-series of Ehrlich's Polytylites alabamensis; Dr. C. W. Collinson, Illinois Geological Survey, for Cooper's types; Dr. E. S. Richardson, Jr., 

Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, for 

Croneis and Bristol's holotype of H ealdia? menardensis; Prof. G. H. Springer, University of Dayton, 

for the types of Coryell and Johnson and Coryell 

and Sohn. My colleagues W. J. Sando and Mackenzie 

Gordon, Jr. for advice; Sando collected the additional ostracodes, and Gordon found the vial of topotypes? at the University of Missouri. The photographs are by R. H. McKinney, and the plates were 

composed by Elinor Stromberg. 

OSTRACODE LOCALITIES 

In addition to the types described by Morey 

( 1935), ostracodes from the Amsden Formation 

studied for this report are from four of the collections treated in more detail by Sando, Gordon, and 

Dutro (1974). Collections 24 and 25 are from the 

lower part of the Horseshoe Shale Member at Amsden Hill, about 4 miles southeast of the Little Popo 

Agie River, probably in the SWJ4 sec. 32, T. 31 N., 

R. 99 W., Fremont County. Collection 37 is from the 

lower part of the Horseshoe Shale Member at 

Cherry Creek, about 2 miles south of the Little 

Popo Agie River, in sec. 19, T. 31 N., R. 99 W., Fremont County. In addition to these collections from 

the Wind River Range in central Wyoming, a fourth 

collection (colin. 117) is from western Wyoming, 

from the Horseshoe Shale Member, about 34 feet 

above the base, at Hoback Canyon in sec. 2, T. 38 N ., 

R. 115 W., Teton County. 

The Horseshoe Shale Member is the middle unit 

of the Amsden Formation in most of Wyoming. It 

occurs between the Darwin Sandstone Member at 

the base of the Amsden and the Ranchester Limestone Member, which represents the upper part of 

the Amsden. A fourth member, the Moffat Trail 

Limestone Member, is present in western Wyoming 

between the Horseshoe Shale and the Ranchester 

Limestone Members. The Horseshoe Shale Member 

is part of a transgressive sequence in Wyoming that 

ranges in age from the Chesterian to Morrowan. 

(See Sando and others, 1974.) Other fossils associated with the ostracodes in the collections from the 

Horseshoe Shale Member are of Chesterian age, thus 

confirming the Late Mississippian age suggested by 

the ostracodes. 

Because the ostracodes in the Horseshoe Shale 

Member of the Amsden Formation in Wyoming suggest a relationship to some of the ostracodes described by Scott (1942) from the Otter Formation 

equivalent in southwest Montana, I searched the 

collections from the Otter and the overlying Heath 

Formations in which Easton (1962, p. 103) recorded 

ostracodes. Of the three collections from the Heath 

Formation and the eight collections from the Otter 

Formation in the above list, I found ostracodes in 

only one collection from the Heath Formation 

(USGS colin. 13416-PC) and four from the Otter 

Formation (USGS collns. 13358, 13379, 13390, and 

17227) ; none of these ostracodes is found in the 

Amsden Formation of Wyoming. 

Localities outside of Wyoming from which ostracodes were either illustrated or used in this study 

are listed below. 

Locality No. USGS upper Paleozoic 

Field No. Stratigraphic position, description of 

locality, and collector 

12840-PC __ 5/18/16/54 Upper Clore Limestone, S% sec. 19,- T. 12 S., R. 5 E., Brownfield 

quadrangle, Pope County, Ill. 

Shale at base of 11 ft section of 

shale, limestone, and chert in railroad cut of Illinois Central at 

Robbs. East side of cut, south of 

bridge, 100 ft north of signal 

and directly below power line. 

This is location 5 of Cooper 

( 1941) which he considered Kinkaid. Collected by I. G. Sohn and 

D. B. Saxby, May 18, 1954. 

12857-PC ------------ Spergen Limestone. Gosport 7 1/:t 

minute quadrangle, M o n r o e 

County, Ind. Quarries at Stineville. Collected by Elliott Marshall for G. H. Girty. 

12888-PC ------------ Mauch Chunk Formation, Monongalia County, W. Va. Greer 

quarry (now covered) located 6% 

miles southeast of Morgantown; 

6-in. layer of dark, calcareous 

shale, 4 in. from top of Reynolds 

Member. Unit 7 of Coryell and 

Sohn (1938, p. 597). Collected by 

Dana Wells for C. L. Cooper. 

SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS 

Class OSTRACODA Latreille, 1842 

A discussion of the elevation of this taxon to 

Class category is in Sohn (1972, p. B2). During the 

past decade there have been several proposals to 

modify parts of the classification in Moore (1961). 

Henningsmoen (1965, p. 390) revised the classification of the Palaeocopida in which he introduced 

"Group" as a category between the Order and the 

Suborder. Future study may disclose that the Order 

Palaeocopida can be raised to Superorder status, and 

Henningsmoen's Suborder categories to Order status. Griindel (1967, p. 326) proposed the Suborder 

Bairdiocopina, and Sohn ( 1970, p. 203) accepted 

this category in a restricted sense. Sohn ( 1968, p. 

17) elevated the Cavellininae Egorov, 1950 in a 
G4 THE AMSDEN FORMATION (MISSISSIPPIAN AND PENNSYLVANIAN) OF WYOMING 

restricted sense to Cavellinacea in the Platycopina, 

Platycopida S·ensu Sohn (1961, p. 109) not Moore 

(1961). Griindel (1969, p. 353) proposed the new 

Suborder Kirkbyocopina in which he included superfamilies without a kirkbyan pit and marginal rims. 1

Griindel's Kirkbyocopina is an amplification of his 

revision of the Kirkbyacea ( Griindel, 1965) which 

I had previously discussed (Sohn, 1970, p. 196). Because a revision of ostracode classification is still 

premature, the classification used in Moore (1961) 

is only slightly modified in this report. 

Order PALAEOCOPIDA Henningsmoen, 1953 

Suborder unknown 

Superfamily unknown 

Family AECHMINELLIDAE Sobn, 1961 

In a previous study (Sohn, 1968, p. 12), I had 

emended the diagnosis of the Aechminellidae in the 

Superfamily Drepanellac·ea. I removed Cornigella 

Warthin, 1930 and Mauryella Ulrich and Bassler, 

1923, previously referred to that family (Sohn in 

Moore, 1961, p. Q125), to the family J udahellidae 

Sohn, 1968, because these two genera are dimorphic 

in lateral outline and bear nodes near the ventral 

half of the valves. The family Aechminellidae differs 

from the J udahellidae in lacking nodes near the ventral half of the valves, but may be similar in dimorphic lateral outline, as illustrated in Balantoides 

multilobus (Jones and Kirkby, 1886) discus.s·ed below. Both the Aechminellidae and the Judahellidae 

do not belong in the Drepanellacea because dimorphism is unknown in that superfamily. 

Beyrichia multiloba Jones and Kirkby, 1886 was 

originally illustrated by a more elongated carapace 

(Jones and Kirkby, 1886, p. 258, pl. 8, figs. 9a-c) 

than the carapace illustrated (Sohn, 1961, pl. 7, figs. 

28, 29) a.s Aechminella multiloba=Balantoides multilobus (Jones and Kirkby, 1886), and the slide of 

probable topotype .specimens from which I illustrated the carapace (USNM 119825a) has 13 additional specimens some of which resemble in lateral 

outline Jones and Kirkby's specimen and some the 

one that I illustrated. Because growth stages are 

not available in this and other .suites of Balantoides, 

it cannot be proved that this difference is due to the 

type of dimorphism I illustrated (Sohn, 1968, p. 13, 

pl. 3, figs. 30-34) for Cornigella tuberculospinosa 

(Jones and Kirkby, 1886) in the Judah~llidae Sohn, 

1968. 

I had erred when I referred Balantoides Morey, 

1935 to Aechminella Harlton, 1933 as a junior synonym (Sohn in Moore, 1961; Sohn, 1961, p. 112), and 

questionably referred M ammoides Bradfield, 1935 to 

Beyrichiana Kellett, 1933. I now consider the typespecies of Aechminella, A trispinosa. Harlton, 1933, 

and the second species, A. buchanani Harlton, 1933, 

which I had referred to Mammoides (Sohn, 1961, p. 

114), to be congeneric, and to differ from Balantoides in having a posterior spine. Becaus·e Mammoides Bradfield, 1935 is now considered to be a 

synonym of Aechminella Harlton, 1933, all the species referred to Mammoides (Sohn, 1961, p. 113, 

114) should be assigned to Aechminella. Except for 

Aechminella trispinosa Harlton, 1933, all the species 

that I had referred to Aechminella (Sohn, 1961, p. 

112, 113) belong in Balantoides. The reassignment 

of the species into Balantoides and Aechminella extends the stratigraphic range of Aechminella to the 

Lower Mississippian because Green (1963, p. 72) 

described Aechminella longispinosa (Green, 19·63) 

from the Banff Formation in Alberta. 

Genus BALANTOIDES Morey, 1935 

Balantoides Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, no. 6, p. 

478. 

Boursella Turner, 1939, Bulls. Am. Paleontology, v. 25, no. 

88, p. 13. 

Aechminella Sohn in Moore, 1961, [part], Treatise on invertebrate paleontology, v. Q, Arthropoda 3, p. Q125; 

Sohn, 1962 [part], U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

330-B, p. 112; Becker, 1968, Senckenbergiana Lethaea, 

v. 49, p. 551, 558. 

Pseudonodellina Polenova, 1955, Trudy VNIGRI, vyp. 87, p. 

205. 

Type-species (original designation) .-Balantoides quadrilobatus Morey, 1935, p. 479, pl. 54, fig. 10. 

Amsden Formation, Wyoming. 

Diagnosis.-Small, about 0.5 mm or less in greatest length, straight backed, quadrilobed or trilobed, 

unfrilled and unrimmed. Sulci vertical, central lobe 

largest, extends above hingeline, either rounded or 

pointed. Hingement ridge and groove, left valve 

overlaps slightly along free margins. Surface reticulated. Probably dimorphic in lateral outline. 

Discussion.-In addition to the species referred 

to Aechminella in Sohn (1961, p. 112, 113), and all 

the species in Pseudonodellina Polenova (1955, p. 

205) the following species belong to Balantoides: 

Polytylites alabamensis Ehrlich, 1964, p. 10, pl. 2, fig. 4. 

Pennington Formation, Alabama=B. moreyi Croneis 

and Funkhouser, 1939. 

Aechminella brauni Becker, 1968, p. 258, pl. 1, figs. 3-5, 

text figs. 3, 4. Upper Devonian, Germany. 

Aechminella clivusbestiola McGill, 1963, p. 3, pl. 1, figs. 1-3. 

Upper Devonian, Alberta, Canada. 

Dr. Loranger very kindly sent me topotype specimens of Balantoides biltmorensus Loranger, 1954 

and B. fribourgellus Loranger, 1954. B. fribourgellus was listed as a species to be investigated (Sohn, 
MISSISSIPPIAN OSTRACODA OF THE AMSDEN FORMATION G5 

1961, p. 113) ; examination of a carapace and a left 

valve confirms that the species belongs in Balantoides. B. biltmorensus has a marginal ridge on both 

valves that eliminates the species from Balantoides. 

This ridge was described by Lorang.er :and can be 

seen in the original illustration (Loranger, 1954, p. 

197, pl. 1, fig. 10), and also in McGill's (1963, pl. 1, 

figs. 4 and 6) illustrations of Aechminella biltmorensis (Loranger). Although it probably should not 

be assigned to W aldronites Coryell and Williamson, 

1942 to which I had questionably referred this species (Sohn, 1961, p. 113), I do not know the genus 

to which B. biltmorensis belongs. 

Geologic range.-Middle Devonian-Upper Mississippian. 

Balantoides quadrilobatus Morey, 1935 

Plate 1, figures 9-13 

Balantoides quadrilobatus Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, 

v. 9, no. 6, p. 479, pl. 54, fig. 10. 

Aec.hminella quadrilobata (Morey). Sohn, 1962, U.S. Geol. 

Survey Prof. Paper 330-B, p. 113, pl. 7, fig. 30. 

Discussion.-The holotype and only available 

specimen has deteriorated between the time it was 

originally illustrated and now. This is shown by 

comparing the original illustration here reproduced 

(pl. 1, fig. 13) with the new illustration of the same 

view. Morey's orientation should be reversed 180°, 

making his illustration a right view. As individual 

variation is known in Balantoides (B. alabamensis 

(Ehrlich, 1964) =B. mo1'eyi Croneis and Funkhouser, 1939, discussed below), it is not possible to diagnose Morey's B. quadrilobatus adequately because 

the taxon is based on a .single .specimen. 

Through the courtesy of Prof. H. V. Howe, I borrowed the type-series of Polytylites alabamensis 

Ehrlich, 1964 from the Louisiana State University. 

The types consist of four specimens, the holotype 

which is a right valve, and three paratypes, two 

right valves and a crushed carapace (pl. 1, figs 1-8). 

The holotype (pl. 1, figs. 1, 2) differs from B. quadrilobatus in having better defined lobes and in that 

the central and anterior lobes do not merge ventrally with the surface of the valve. Paratype LSU 

7549 (pl. 1, figs. 3, 4) has a robust posterior lobe 

that resembles the lobe on B. moreyi Croneis and 

Funkhouser, 1939 from the Clore Limestone of Illinois. Paratypes LSU 7550 (pl. 1, figs. 5, 6) is a 

broken and abraded right valve that has relatively 

smaller nodes, and paratype LSU 7548 (pl. 1, figs. 

7, 8) is a crushed carapace that has a pointed central lobe on the right valve and a rounded central 

lobe on the left valve. 

Measurements (in mm).-

Greatest Greatest Greatest 

length height width 

Holotype pl. 1, figs. 9-13) ____ 0.54 0.34 0.18 

Geologic range.-Amsden Formation, Hors·eshoe 

Shale Member, Wyoming (collns. 24, 37). 

Suborder HOLLINOMORPHA Henningsmoen, 1965 

Superfamily HOLLINACEA Swartz, 1936 

Family HOLLINELLIDAE Bless and Jordan, 1971 

[not] Family HOLLINELLIDAE Swartz. Cooper, 1941 

Cooper (1941, contents, p. 45) used Hollinellidae 

which he credited to Swartz as the family heading 

in his discussion of H ollinella Coryell, 1928. Because 

it is clear from his later publication (Cooper, 1946, 

p. 87) that this is a typographical error for Hollinidae Swartz, 1936, and because the family was properly established by Bless and Jordan (1971, p. 880), 

the family taxon .should be credited to Bless and 

Jordan, 1971. 

Genus HOLLINELLA Coryell, 1928 

H ollinella Coryell, 1928b, Jour. Paleontology, v. 2, no. 4, p. 

378; Kesling in Moore, 1961, Treatise on invertebrate 

paleontology, v. Q, Arthropoda 3, p. Q137. 

Type-species (original designation) .-H ollinella 

dentata Coryell, 1928, b p. 378, pl. 51, fig. 1. Wewoka 

Formation, Oklahoma. 

Discussion.-Bless and Jordan (1970) divided the 

genus into two subgenera, H. (Hollinella) Coryell, 

1928 and H. (Keslingella) Bless and Jordan, 1970 

(type-species H. pumila Kesling, 1952, Middle Devonian, Michigan) based on the pres,enoe in juveniles 

of a pair of velar spurs on each valve in H. (Keslingella) and of the presence of a tubulous layer and 

external chitin layer in juveniles of H. (Hollinella). 

They considered the stratigraphic range for H. 

(Hollinella) to be from Westphalian A (Morrowan) 

to Permian and for H. (Keslingella) to be Middle 

Silurian to Namurian A-B (Springerian, lowermost 

Pennsylvanian). The diagnostic features of H. (Keslingella) are two spurs which I do not consider 

homologus to the two spines in H ollinella longispina 

(Jones and Kirkby, 1886). Becaus·e a growth series 

of an undescribed species from the Permian of Oregon has spines similar to those in H. longispina, I do 

accept Bless and Jordan's subgenera in this paper, 

pending additional study. 

Geologic range.-Middle Silurian-Permian, ?Lower Triassic. 

Hollinella typica Morey, 1935 

Plate 1, figures 58-61 

Hollinella typica Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, no. 

6, p. 479, pl. 54, fig. 19. 

[not] Hollinella radiata (Jones and Kirkby). Cooper, 1941, 
G6 THE AMSDEN FORMATION (MISSISSIPPIAN AND PENNSYLVANIAN) OF WYOMING 

Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 46, pl. 9, figs. 

42-44. Glen Dean to Kinkaid Formations, Illinois= 

Hollinella cestriensis (Ulrich, 1891). 

[not] Hollinella radiata (Jones and Kirkby). Cooper, 1947, 

Jour. Paleontology, v. 21, no. 2, p. 85, pl. 22, figs. 20-

23. Upper Kinkaid Formation, IUinois=Hollinella sp. 

Discussion.-Cooper (1941, p. 46) identified specimens from Illinois as H ollinella radiata (Jones and 

Kirkby, 1886) , ~and in hi's synonymy referred Hollinella typica and other American species including 

Beyrichia radiata cestriensis Ulrich, 1891 to that 

species. The American species in the synonymy differ from the English specimens of H. radiata in that 

the distance between the two nodes is wider in H. 

radiata than in the American species. H. radiata and 

all the American species in Cooper's synonymy except H. typica Morey, 1935 have a frill that extends 

to the anterior cardinal angle; in H. typica the frill 

terminates below the cardinal angle. Because H. 

cestriensis (Ulrich, 1891) is the oldest available 

name in Cooper's synonymy, the American specimens, except H. typica, should be called H. cestriensis. In order to check whether the fact that the 

frill does not reach the dorsoanterior angle is a valid 

criterion for distinguishing H. typica, 42 right 

adult valves and 48 left adult valves of H ollinella 

sp. from the Summum cyclothem of Illinois w·ere examined, and all had frills that reach the dorsoan~ 

terior corner, thus confirming the above supposition. These specimens have a strong terminal spine 

at the posterior end of the frill. On one carapace, 7 

left and 12 right valves of H. kellettae Knight described by Cooper (1946, p. 92) from the Liverpool 

cyclothem of Illinois the frill terminates below the 

dorsal margin, and this upper Des Moines species 

also has a strong terminal spine on the frill. 

Hollinella radiata (Jones and Kirkby) illustrated 

by Cooper (1947, pl. 22, figs. 20-23) from the upper 

Kinkaid Formation of Illinois has a frill that does 

not reach the anterior cardinal angle. I interpret the 

apparent continuation of the frill on the right valve 

in dorsal view (pl. 22, fig. 20) to be a piece of lint 

and not part of the frill. Because the distance between the nodes is greater than that in H. typica, I 

do not consider the specimens from Illinois to be 

conspecific with H. typica. 

Measurements (in mm) .-

Holotype (pl. 1, 

figs. 58-61 ---------

Greatest 

length 

(posterior 

end of frill) 

1.36 

Greatest 

height 

(end of 

frill to dorsal 

margin) 

0.81 

Greatest 

width 

0.66 

Geologic range.-Amsden Formation, Horseshoe 

Shale Member, Wyoming (colin. 25). 

Suborder unknown 

Superfamily KIRKBYACEA Ulrich and Bassler, 1906 

Family AMPHISSITIDAE Knight, 1928 

Genus AMPHISSITES Girty, 1910 

Amphissites Girty, 1910, New York Acad. Sci. Annals, v. 20, 

pt. 2, p. 235; Sohn, 1962, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

330-B, p. 115. (S.ee for discussion and synonymy.) 

Type-species (original designation) .-A mphissites rugosus Girty, 1910, p. 236; Sohn, 1969, p. 44, 

pl. 6, figs. 20~23. Fayetteville Shale, Arkansas. 

Disc1tssion.-Of the two species described by 

Morey, A mphissites robertsi Morey, 1935 belongs to 

Amphissites, and Amphissites warei Morey, 1935 

was referred to "Ectodemites" Cooper, 1941 (Sohn, 

1961, p. 121, 127). Scott (in Moore, 1961, p. Q165, 

comment under A mphissites) stated that Brill ius 

Brayer, 1952 was judged to be based on a male of 

Ectodemites and accordingly classed doubtfully as 

synonyms of Amphissites. This stat.ement was included without my knowledge because the Kirkbyacea are not known to be dimorphic ( Sohn in Moore, 

1961, p. Ql65). Brillius Brayer, 1952, was described 

to include two new species, the type-species B. distortus and B. yveus, and both species lack the kirkbyan pit, subcentral node, ridges, and carinae diagnostic of Amphissites and Ectodemites. Ectodemites 

Cooper, 1941 (type-species E. primus Cooper, 1941) 

does not have the dorsal shield of Am,phissites, and 

Zanina, Zaspelova, and Polenova (in Tchernysheva, 

1960, p. 319) and several subsequent European students have considered Ectodemites as a subgenus of 

Amphissites. I shall follow my previous usage (Sohn, 

1961, p. 126) and use ''Ectodemites" in this paper. 

In the Treatise (Moore, 1961, p. Q166), the caption 

"3b" for the dorsal view of A. ntgosus was omitted, 

and the orientation of the ventral view (fig. 3c) 

should he reversed 180°. 

Geologic range.-Middle Devonian-P.ermian. 

Amphissites robertsi Morey, 1935 

Plate 3, figures 46-51 

Amphissites robertsi Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, 

no. 6, p. 748, pl. 54, fig. 20; Sohn, 1962, U.S. Geol. 

Survey Prof. Paper 330-B, p. 121, pl. 8, figs. 23-26. 

Discussion.-Sohn (1961, p. 121) designated and 

illustrated a lectotype for this species, which has not 

been identified from any other formation. The lectotype :and a paralectotype are reillustrated. 

Geologic range.-Known only from the Horseshoe 

Shale Member of the Amsden Formation of Wyoming (collns. 25, 37). 
MISSISSIPPIAN OSTRACODA OF THE AMSDEN FORMATION G7 

Genus "ECTODEMITES" Cooper, 1941 

Ectodemites Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 

77, p. 49. 

"Ectodemites" Cooper. Sohn, 1962, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. 

Paper 330-B, p. 126. 

Type-species (original designation) .-Ectodemites primus Cooper, 1941, p. 51, pl. 9, figs. 46, 47. 

Probably upper Clore Limestone, Illinois. 

Discussion.-See discussion under A mphissites. 

Geologic range.-Middle Devonian-Low·er Pennsylvanian. 

"Ectodemites" warei (Morey, 1935) 

Plate 1, figures 32-36 

Amphissites warei Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, no. 

6, p. 477, pl. 54, fig. 7. 

"Ectodemites"? warei (Morey, 1935). Sohn, 1962, U.S. Geol. 

Survey Prof. Paper 330-B, p. 127, pl. 10, figs. 21-26. 

(See for synonymy.) 

Discussion.-The lectotype designated by Sohn 

(1961, p. 127) and a paralectotype are reillustrated 

here. Cooper (1941, p. 51) identified specimens from 

the Kinkaid and Clore Formations of Illinois as this 

species, but Sohn (1961, p. 127) suggested that the 

Illinois specimens probably belong to "Ectodemites"? batalinae (Posner, 1951). This species has not 

been identified in any other formation. 

Measurements (in mm) .-

Lectotype (pl. 1, 

figs. 32-35) ---------

Paralectotype (pl. 1, 

GTeatest 

length 

0.80 

GTeatest 

height 

0.44 

Greatest 

width 

0.43 

fig. 36) -------------- .77 .45 .40 

Geologic range.-Known only from the Horseshoe 

Shale Member of the Amsden Formation in Wyoming ( collns. 24, 25, 37). 

?Order PALAEOCOPIDA Henningsmoen, 1953 

Suborder KLOEDENELLOCOPINA Scott, 1961 

Superfamily KLOEDENELLACEA Ulrich and Bassler, 1906 

Family SANSABELLIDAE Sohn, 1961 

Genus SANSABELLA Roundy, 1926 

Sansabella Roundy, 1926, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 

126, p. 5; Sohn in Moore, 1961, Treatise on invertebrate paleontology, Q, Arthropoda 3, p. Q187. (See 

for synonyms.) 

Type species (original designation) .-Sansabella 

amplectans Roundy, 1926, p. 6, pl. 1, figs. 3a, b, 4, 5; 

Sohn in Moore, 1961, p. Q187, text fig. 122, figs. 7a, 

b). Shale in upper part of Marble Falls Limestone 

(may be base of Smithwick Shale), San Saba County, Tex. 

Diagnosis.-The following diagnosis is from 

Moore (1961, p. Q187) "Dorsum incised along entire 

length of hinge; pseudovelum of some specimens 

preserved as spines along free margins of both 

valves; reversal of overlap usual." 

Discuss,ion.-Sohn (in Moore, 1961) illustrated by 

photographs the original of Roundy's plate 1, figures 

3a, b, and designated that syntype as the lectotype 

of Sansabella amplectans Roundy, 1926. This lectotype, here reillustrated by different photographs 

(pl. 2, figs. 29-31), was erroneously listed as Mississippian (Moore, 1961, p. Q187) ; it is Pennsylvanian 

in age. The trivial name was misspelled "amplectens," an error that has no status in nomenclature, 

and the dorsal view was retouched to obscure the 

diagnostic hingement. The type-series of S. amplectans contains both left over right and right over left 

carapaces. The specimens do not show any dimorphism in width of posterior, nor do they have any 

marginal spines. Marple ( 1952, p. 936) described 

and illustrated Sansabella stewartae Marple, 1952 

that has reversal of overlap, dimorphism in width of 

posterior, and marginal spines. She noted that the 

marginal spines may be seen extending into the 

shale, but are broken with only their bases preserved 

when the specimens are freed from the matrix. I 

have specimens of Sansabella from various localities 

that suggest these spines to be a thin flange that 

seals the contact of the valves, and Cooper (1941, 

pl. 13, figs. 38, 39, 41) illustrated such a structure in 

S. trunco,ta Coop·er, 1941. This does not explain the 

spines on the overlapping valve (Marple, 1952, pl. 

135, figs. 9-11). It is not known whether this structure was confined to certain species or was present 

but not preserved in all species of this and related 

genera. 

Well-preserved and silicified or pyritized single 

valves retain the calcified part of the inner lamella 

and typically have an internal thickening of the 

shell material in the area of the adductor muscle 

scar. This thickening is present in both smooth and 

sulcate specimens. 

Stratig'raphic range.-Mississippian-Pennsylvanian. 

Sansabella reversa Morey, 1935 

Plate 2, figures 32-40 

Sansabella reversa Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, 

no. 6, p. 476, pl. 54, fig. 6. 

[not] Sansabella reversa Morey. Scott, 1942, Jour. Paleontology, v. 19, no. 2, p. 154, pl. 25, figs. 28, 29. Otter 

Formation, Montana. 

[not] Sansabella reversa Copeland, 1957, Canada Geol. Survey Mem., no. 286, p. 31, pl. 2, figs. 9-17. Lower 

Pennsylvanian, Nova Scotia. Junior homonym. 

[not] Reversabella reversa (Morey). Coryell and Johnson, 

1939, Jour. Paleontology, v. 13, no. 2, p. 221, pl. 26, 

figs. 12a, b. Clore Limestone, Illinois. 

[not] Lo,chriella reversa (Morey). Cooper, 1941, Illinois 

Geol. Survey, Rept. Inv. 77, p. 57, pl. 12, figs. 18, 19. 

Clore Limestone, Illinois. 
G8 THE AMSDEN FORMATION (MISSISSIPPIAN AND PENNSYLVANIAN) OF WYOMING 

Discussion.-The type..~sJide contains a badly corroded steinkern (pl. 2, figs. 32, 33) from the Cherry 

Creek locality. The species was recorded as abundant 

both at the type-locality and at the Amsden Hill 

purple limestone locality. The vial of sediment from 

Amsden Hill contains abundant specimens of this 

species showing about 50 percent reversal of overlap. Both types are illustrated, but a neotype is not 

designated because this species will probably never 

be of sufficient importance to warrant such action. 

Coryell and Johnson (1939, p. 221) designated 

this species as the type-spedes of Reversa,bella, and 

illustrated a specimen from the Clor·e Limestone of 

Illinois. Their specimen differs from the one illustrated by Morey and those ilustrated in this paper in 

having blunter ·ends in dorsal outline and probably 

is not conspecific. Scott (1942) illustrated a specim·en from the Otter Formation of Montana that resembles the specimen from Illinois in dorsal outline, 

but not in lateral outline, a.nd that may represent 

still another species. Cooper (1941) illustrated a 

steinkern from the Clore Limestone of Illinois that 

differs in lateral and dor.sal outlines from the specie!s 

in Wyoming. 

Measurements (in mm) .-

G-reatest GTeatest Greatest 

length height width 

Figured specimen (pl. 2, 

figs. 34-36) ---------- 0.77 0.55 0.36 

Figured specimen (pl. 2, 

figs. 37-40) ---------- .78 .53 .35 

Geologic ra,nge.-Amsden Formation, HorS'e·shoe 

Shale Member, Wyoming (collns. 24, 37). 

Sansabella? dubia Morey, 1935 

Plate 2, figures 55-62 

Sansabella? dubia Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, no. 

6, p. 476, pl. 54, fig. 21. 

Discussion.-Morey (1935, p. 476) recorded only 

one specimen, the holotype, which he illustrated as a 

left valve view. The slide labeled holotype contains 

a poorly preserved carapace the photographs of 

which do not m:atch in lateral outline Morey's illustrartion, but that 'is of the same dimensions as recorded by Morey. In collection 117, I found a right 

valve that probably represents the above species. 

T.he holotype is widest near the center of the greatest length and probably represents a male; the valve 

is widest near the posterior and is probably a fem:ale1 

of this species. 

Both Morey and I question the assignment to Snnsa,bella because the diagnostic "canoe-shaped" indentation along the hinge is not discernible. 

M ea,surements (in mm) .-

Greatest Greatest Greatest 

length height width 

Holotype (pl. 2, 

figs. 55-58) --------- 0.99 0.64 0.42 

Figured specimen 

(pl. 2, figs. 

60-62) -------------- 1.00 .61 .31 

Geologic ra,nge.-Horseshoe Shale Member, Amsden Formation, Wyoming (collns. 37, 117?). 

Sansabella cf. S. bella Scott, 1942 

Plate 2, figures 26-28 

Sansabella bella Scott, 1942, Jour. Paleontology, v. 16, no. 2, 

p. 155 pl. 25, figs. 12, 13. Otter Formation, north bank 

of Missouri River, half a mile west of Lombard, Mont. 

Discussion.-A carapa0e from USGS collection 

18788-PC resembles Sa,nsnbella, bella, Scott, 1942, ex0ept in dorsal aspect. Scott's holotype has a wider 

incision along the dorsum. 

Measurements (in mm) .-

Greatest Greatest Greatest 

height length width 

Figured specimen 

(pl. 2, figs. 26-28) 0.87 0.54 0.42 

Geologlc ra,nge.-Amsden Formation, Horseshoe 

Shale Member, Wyoming (colin. 117). 

Family unknown 

Genus SARGENTINA Coryell and Johnson, 1939 

Sargentina Coryell and Johnson, 1939, Jour. Paleontology, v. 

13, no. 2, p. 223; Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey 

Rept. Inv. 77, p. 38; Sohn -in Moore, 1961, Treatise on 

invertebrate paleontology, v. Q, Arthropoda 3, p. Q197. 

Type-species (original designation) .-Snrgentina, 

a,lla,ni ·Coryell and Johnson, 1939, p. 223, pl. 25, figs. 

9a-c. Clore Limestone, Illinois. 

Dia,gnosis.-See Sohn in Moore, 1961, p. Q197. 

Discussion.-The illustrations of the type-species 

in the Treatise (p. Q196, figs. 12a-c) were inadvertantly credited to me. I have recently obtained Coryell and Johnson's types and am illustrating the bolotype (pl. 2, figs. 49-51) that differs in lateral outline and shape of subcentral pit from the drawings 

in Moore (1961). Cooper (1941, p. 38) demonstrated that Sargentina, forsetti Coryell and Johnson, 1939 (here illustrated on pl. 2, figs. 52-54) is 

the female of S. a,llani, and he described the nonsulcate S. asulca,ta, Cooper, 1941 from the Kinkaid Formation of Illinois. 

Geologic ra-ng e.-Upper Devonian?, Mi~ssissippian-Pennsylvanian. 

Sargentina? amsdenensis (Morey, 1935) 

Plate 2, figures 41-48 

Sansabella amsdenens-is Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 

9, no. 6, p. 474, pl. 54, fig. 17. 

[not] Sansabella amsdenensis Morey. Scott, 1942, Jour. 

Paleontology, v. 16, no. 2, p. 155, pl. 26, fig. 17. Otter 

Formation, Montana. 
MISSISSIPPIAN OSTRACODA OF THE AMSDEN FORMATION G9 

The type-series (UM Os. 1028-3) consists of two 

abraded carapaces from the Cherry Creek locality. 

Glued to the slide is the impression of a right valve 

here illustrated as figure 45 of plate 2. One of the 

cara~paces has a greatest length of 0.71 mm, the second mea,sures 0.80 mm. It is evident by comparison 

with the original illustration that Mor~ey illustrateq 

the larger specimen, which is now exfoliated. This 

specimen (pl. 2, figs. 46, 47) is here designated as 

the lectotype, and the second steinkern (pl. 2, figs. 

42-44) as a paralectotype. Additional specimens 

from the vial with sediments do not have the "sinus" 

described by Morey. 

Scott (1942, pl. 26, fig. 17) illustrated a damaged 

specimen that has a different outline, is smaller and 

more elongated, and may not be congeneric with 

Morey's species. 

Measurements (in mm) .-

Greatest 

Paralectotype (pl. 2, 

length 

figs. 42-44) --------- 0.71 

Lectotype (pl. 2, 

figs. 46, 47) --------- .80 

Figured specimen (pl. 2, 

Greatest 

height 

0.47 

.51 

Greatest 

width 

0.32 

.37 

fig. 48) ------------- 1.07 .69 .44 

Geologic range.-Amsden Formation, Horseshoe 

Shale Member, Wyoming (collns. 24, 37). 

Genus NUFERELLA Bradfield, 1935 

Nuferella Bradfield, 1935, Bulls. Am. Paleontology, v. 22, no. 

73, p. 45. 

Type-species (original designation) .-N uf erella 

infrequens Bradfield, 1935, p. 46, pl. 3, figs. 4a, b. 

Probably base of Upper Pennsylvanian (Hoxbar 

Formation, ?Deese Formation), Ardmore Basin, 

Okla. 

Diagnosis.-Bradfield's diagnosis was as follows: 

Carapace small, subrhomboidal in lateral outline, with slight 

forward swing; hingeline long, straight, not depressed; anterior height much greater than posterior height; right 

valve largest, overlapping left at least on vental margin; 

sulcus prominent, located near the middle of the carapace, 

bordered anteriorly by a low but distinct node; a round 

tubercle is present in the posterior cardinal area. 

Discussion.-! had questionably referred Nuferella to Geisina Johnson, 1936 (Sohn in Moore, 1961, 

p. Q182) because I had assumed that the typespecies as well as N. rothi Elias, 1958 and N. wellsi 

Coryell and Sohn, 1938, all 0.6 mm or less in greatest length, were based on immature individuals, and 

the hinge in these specimens had not yet become incised. A collection of Nuferella wellsi Coryell and 

Sohn, 1938 from the Mauch Chunk of West Virginia 

(Cooper colin. 31) consists of a growth series that 

ranges in greatest length from 0.4 to 0.7 mm, with 

presumed males and females in the 0. 7 mm range 

that differ in width of posterior (pl. 2, figs. 1-7). 

Because all have hinges that are not incised, I now 

conclude that Nuferella is a valid genus. 

Geologic range.-Upper Mississippian- Upper 

Pennsylvanian. 

Nuferella 1 puncta (Morey, 1935) 

Plate 2, figures 20-25 

Jonesina? puncta Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, no. 

6, p. 476, pl. 54, fig. 1. 

[not] Jonesina puncta Morey. Coryell and Johnson, 1939, 

Jour. Paleontology, v. 13, no. 2, p. 214, pl. 26, fig. 3= 

Nuferella odini Coryell and Johnson, 1939. 

[not] Jonesina puncta Morey. Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. 

Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 56, pl. 12, figs. 20, 21. Clore 

Limestone, Illinois. 

Discussion.-The reason that I question the generic assignment is the poor development of the node 

in front of the sulcus. The holotype is a corroded 

carapaoe, and similarly corroded carapaces are present in the vial of sediment from Amsden Hill, one of 

which is illustrated (pl. 2, figs. 20, 21). Cooper 

( 1941) illustrated a slightly smaller carapace from 

the Clore Limestone of Illinois that differs from the 

holotype of N.? puncta in lateral outline, has a better de~veloped node in front of the sulcus, and does 

not have the posterodorsal spines shown on the 

figured specimen from the Amsden Formation (pl. 

2, fig. 20). Cooper referred to Jonesina puncta 

Morey, 1935 the following Cheste~rian species: 

J onesina consimilis Croneis and Bristol, 1939, Kloedenella sigurdi Coryell and Johnson, 1939 and Nuferella wellsi Coryell and Sohn, 1938. 

J onesina consimilis from the Menard Formation 

of Illinois was described and illustrated as having 

an anterior marginal ridge (orientation reversed 

180°), and there was no mention of any dorsoposterior spines. I examined the holotype in 1954 and 

noted that the carapace m.ay be an internal mold; it 

definitely is not conspecific with Morey's sp·ecies. 

Kloedenella sigurdi Coryell and Johnson, 1939 from 

the Clore Limestone of Illinois is based on a steinkern of a young individual of Nuferella odini (Coryell and Johnson, 1939). The apparent left over 

right overlap noted by Coryell and Johnson (1939, 

p. 215) is caused by adhering matrix ( ?) along the 

venter. Coryell and Johnson's specimens are reillustrated (pl. 2, figs. 8-15). Nuferella wellsi Coryell 

and Sohn, 1938 from the Mauch Chunk Formation 

of West Virginia differs from N.? puncta Morey in 

lateral outline and also in the presence of spines on 

each valve on the do~soanterior corner (pl. 2, figs. 

1-7). Jonesina spinigera Cooper, 1941 from the 
G10 THE AMSDEN FORMATION (MISSISSIPPIAN AND PENNSYLVANIAN) OF WYOMING 

Paint Creek Formation of Illinois also has the dorsaanterior spines, and is probably conspecific with N. 

wellsi. 

Measurement (in mm) .-

Greatest Greatest Greatest 

length height width 

Holotype (pl. 2, 

figs. 22-25) ----------

Figured specimen (pl. 2, 

0. 79 0.46 0.34 

figs. 20, 21) --------- .83 .50 .36 

Geologic range.-Amsden Formation, Horseshoe! 

Shale Member, Wyoming (collns. 24, 37). 

Nuferella sp. 

Plate 2, figures 16-19 

Discuss,ion.-Because. only one carapace of Nuferella was recover·ed from USGS colin. 18788-PC, 

it is not formally described. Part of the posterior 

part of the left valve is exfoliated, but the dorsoposterior spines and the node anterior to the sulcus are 

well preserved. 

Measurements (in mm).-

Figured specimen _____ _ 

Greatest 

length 

0.64 

Greatest 

height 

0.40 

Greatest 

width 

0.28 

Geologic range.-Amsden Formation, Horseshoe 

Shale Member, Wyoming (colin. 117). 

Superfamily unknown 

Family GLYPTOPLEURIDAE Girty, 1910 

Scott in Moore (1961, p. Q184) referred to this 

family Glyptopleura Girty, 1910 including the following synonyms: Cera,toplet~;rina Coryell and Johnson, 1939; Glyptopleurrites Coryell and Johnson, 

1939; M esoglypha Cooper, 1941; Glyptopleurina 

Coryell, 1928; and ?Svantovites Pokorny, 1950. The 

incipient frill in M esoglypha and Glyptopleurina re ... 

move these two genera from the Glyptopleuridae. 

Glyptople'urrina Coryell, 1928 is more closely related 

to the Beyrichiopsiidae Henningsmoen, 1953 (ending corrected herein for Beyrichiopsidae, Henningsmoen, 1953; see Sohn in Moore, 1961, p. Q185). 

M esoglypha Cooper, 1951 may belong to the Sansabellidae Sohn, 1961. In addition to the type-species 

M esoglypha mediocre Cooper, 1941 from the Glen 

Dean Formation of Illinois (Cooper, 1941, p. 17, 44), 

only one other species, M. pulchra Gorak, 1964 (p. 

193, pl. 4, figs. 5a, b, 6a, b) from the Lower N amurian of the Dnieper-Donets Basin of the U.S.S.R. 

has been described. Glyptopleura atypica Tschigova, 

1960 (p. 213, pl. 6, figs. 1-3) probably should be 

referred to Mesoglypha. 

Because the species referred to Glyptopleurites 

Coryell and Johnson, 1939 differ· from the typespecies and other species described in Glyptopleura 

Girty, 1910 in dimorphism exhibited by posterior 

swelling on lateral surface and also in the configuration of the costae, I recognize this group as a valid 

genus. 

Genus GLYPTOPLEURA Girty, 1910 

Glyptopleura Girty, 1910, New York Acad. Sci. Annals, v. 20 

no. 3, pt. 2, p. 236; Sohn, 1969, U.S. Geol. Survey 

Prof. Paper 606-F, p. 47. 

Type-species (original designation) .-Glyptopleura inopinata Girty, 1910, p. 237; Sohn, 1969, p. 

49, pl. 7, figs. 1-7, 11-20, text fig. 2. Fayetteville 

Shale, Arkansas. 

Diagnosis.-Se,e Sohn (1969, p. 47) for a description and discussion of this genus. 

D,iscu.ssion.-Sohn (1969) noted that species in 

Glyptopleura have either a single subcentral pit that 

is reflect,ed on the inside of the valve as a node, presumed to be the place of attachment of the adductor 

muscle, or have two pits transected by one of the 

ridges (Brayer, 1952, p. 167, text fig. 3). The major 

ridge:s connect near the end margins in some species ; in other they either terminate abruptly near 

the posterior margin, or extend as small spines. 

Compare Cooper (1941, pl. 7, figs. 24, 41) with other 

species of Glyptopleura illustrated on his plates 6-8. 

In order to determine whether the presence of two 

pits and (or) the connection of the ridges near the 

posterior margin are due to ontogenetic development, I examined a suite of G. Yeniformis Croneis 

and Thurman, 1939 from USGS collection 12840, 

the same locality as Cooper (1941, p. 22, colin. 5), 

from which Cooper illustrated a carapace (pl. 7, 

figs. 25-27) . The specimens range in size from 0. 7 

to 1.2 mm in greatest length, and all have a single 

pit. Croneis and Thurman (1939, p. 322, pl. 8, figs. 

1, 2) stated that G. rreniformis is distinguished from 

all other species in the genus by the almost complete 

joining at the posterior of"* * * its first and second 

major ribs ventrad of the broken dorsal one." 

Cooper (1941) illustrated a carapace in which those 

ribs do not join. My colleetion shows that the ribs in 

valves as small as 0. 7 mm in greatest length do not 

join near the posterior margin, and that there is a 

tendency for the ribs to curve towards each other in 

specimens that are slightly more than 1 mm in 

greatest length. There is also a progressive strengthening of some of the intermediate ribs as the specimens become larger. The tendency for ribs to join 

near the posterior can be seen also in the typespecies of Glyptopleura by comparing figure 14 and 

18 of G. inopinata Girty (Sohn, 1969, pl. 7). 

I do not know whether or not the ribs of those 
MISSISSIPPIAN OSTRACODA OF THE AMSDEN FORMATION Gll 

species that terminate in spines behave in the same 

manner during ontogeny. This group has an arrowshaped dorsal outline and may possibly be segregated as a distinct taxonomic unit. 

Ceratopleurina Coryell and Johnson, 1939 was described as having one or two pits and having a 

variable number of ribs of which all or some end 

posteriorly in pronounced spines. The holotype of 

C. mimiri Coryell and Johnson, 1939, the type .. 

species, is a somewhat corroded carapace on which 

the dorsal rib is wide near the posterior end and 

may have terminated in a spine. The original illustrations (Coryell and Johnson, 1939, pl. 26, figs. 9a, 

b) were retouched to show dorsoanterior-trending 

hooks at the posterior ends of the dorsal ribs, and 

as having two pits, one anterior to midlength below 

the dorsal rib (fig. 9a) and the second above the 

dorsal rib and posterior to midlength (fig. 9b). Except for the pit below the dorsal rib, these features 

are not present on the carapace. In addition to C. 

mimiri Coryell and Johnson, 1939, they referred 

Glyptopleura spinosa (Jones and Kirkby, 1867) to 

Ceratopleurina. C. mimiri Coryell and Johnson, 1939 

is not congeneric with Glyptopleura spinosa (Jones 

and Kirkby, 1867), the latter belongs to the undescribed taxonomic unit discussed above. 

I conclude from the above discussion that species 

in Glyptopleura should be based on the number of 

pits, the number and trend of ribs in adult specimens, and the do~sal outline. So far as the published 

record shows, species with two pits have not yet 

been described from Pennsylvanian and Permian 

rocks, whereas in the Mississippian both single and 

double pitted species have been recorded. 

Geologic range. - Early Mississippian~Middle 

Permian. 

Glyptopleura multicostata Morey, 1935 

Plate 3, figures 16-18 

Glyptopleura multicostata Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, 

v. 9, no. 6, p. 477, pl. 54, fig. 9. 

[not] Glyptopleura multicostata Morey. Cooper, 1941, Illinois 

Geol. Survey R·ept. Inv. 77, p. 41, pl. 7, figs. 33, 34. 

Clore Limestone, Illinois. 

Diagnosis.-Single pit located below s~econd complete ridge when the dorsal ridge is counted as the 

first and with four additional complete ridges below 

the pit. One short ridge in front of pit, between first 

and second ridges, a second short ridge behind pit, 

between second and third ridges, and a third short 

ridge between fifth and marginal ridges. The second 

ridge makes an angle with the dorsal margin, trending forward and downward, where it connects near 

the anterior margin with the third ridge. All the 

ridges terminate at the point of greatest convexity, 

near the posterior, may have terminated in spines. 

Discw~sion.-Although Morey recorded four specimens, the slide labeled holotype of G. multicostata 

contained only one badly corroded carapace, which 

when removed from the slide in a drop of water, left 

part of the shell adhering to the slide (pl. 3, fig. 17). 

The dis-cussion of this species is therefore based on 

the original description and illustration. Morey's orientation of his illustration should be reversed 180° 

and is the left lateral view of the holotype. Several 

poorly preserved specim·ens of Glyptopleura are 

present in collection 117, but none fits this species. 

These specimens are not illustrated because they are 

poorly preserved. Cooper (1941) illustrated a specimen from the Clore Limestone of Illinois that differs 

in Lateral outline and that has the pit above the second complete ridge and therefore is not considered 

by me to be conspecific. Cooper considered Glyptopleura valkyriae Coryell and Johnson, 1939, also 

from the Clore Limestone of Illinois, to be a junior 

synonym of G. multicostata. G. valkyriae was described and illustrated as having two pits, consequently, it cannot be conspecific with either Morey's 

species or the species to which Cooper's illustrated 

carapace belongs. 

Measurements (in mm) .-

Holotype (pl. 3, 

fig. 16) --------

Greatest 

length 

0.86+ 

Greatest 

height 

0.48+ 

Greatest 

width 

0.40+ 

Geologic range.-Amsden Formation, Horseshoe 

Shal·e Member, Wyoming (collns. 24, 37). 

Genus GL YPTOPLEURITES Coryell and Johnson, 1939 

Glyptopleurites Coryell and Johnson, 1939, Jour. Paleontology, 

v. 13, no. 2, p. 219, pl. 26, figs. lOa-c. 

Type-species (original designation) .-Glyptopleurites tyri (Coryell and Johnson, 1939, p. 219, 

pl. 26, figs. 10 a-c. Clore Limestone, Illinois. 

Cooper (1941, p. 42) and Scott in Moore (1961, 

p. Q184) considered this genus as a synonym of 

Glyptopleura Girty, 1910. Scott (1942, p. 160) described and illustrated the only other species in 

Glyptople'ur.ites, G. windfieldi, from the Otter Formation of Montana, and he demonstrated that the 

species is dimorphic. Cooper ( 1941, p. 42) recorded 

as "rare" Glyptopleura tyri (Coryell and Johnson, 

1939) from the Clore Limestone of Illinois, and he 

illustrated an additional specimen (pl. 8, figs. 10, 11) 

showing punctae on the centroposterior node of the 

female. The same punctae were shown by Cooper 

(1947, pl. 23, figs. 9-11) on a female carapace from 
G12 THE AMSDEN FORMATION (MISSISSIPPIAN AND PENNSYLVANIAN) OF WYOMING 

the Kinkaid Formation in Johnson County, Ill. Two 

European species, originally described in Glyptopleura, may be congeneric : Glyptopleura annularis 

Kummerow, 1939, middle Visean of Western Germany, and G. sokolskyae Egorov, 1950 [part], Tourn.aisian, U.S.S.R. Egorov (1950, p. 106) illustrated 

a growth series in addition to the holotype and 

androtype (1950, pl. 17). The female holotype (pl. 

17, figs. 28, 29), the adult male (pl. 17, figs. 30, 31), 

and a fragment of a valve (pl. 17, fig. 26) show the 

diagnostic features of Glyptopleurites, but the in~ 

stars (pl. 17, figs. 13-25, 27) res~emble more the 

Beyrichiopsiidae than Glyptopleurites. 

The holotype and a paratype of Glyptopleurites 

tyri Cory~ell and Johnson, 1939 are here illustrated 

(pl. 3, figs. 21-28). Both specim·m1s are females according to Scott's interpretation (1942, p. 160). 

Geologic range.-Mississippian. 

Glyptopleurites cf. G. wind6eldi Scott, 1942 

Plate 3, figures 19, 20 

Glyptopleurites windfieldi Scott, 1942, Jour. Paleontology, v. 

16, p. 160, pl. 25, figs. 4, 5. Otter Formation, Montana. 

One poorly preserved left valve of a female and a 

fragment of a right valve of a male that are remarkably similar to Scott's species were recovered from 

USGS collection 18788-PC. The only difference is 

that the rim surrounding the ridge around the posterior node of the female is not as weakly developed 

on the posterior part of the inflated ·area as in G. 

windfieldi. 

Measurements (in mm) .-

Female (pl. 3, 

Greatest 

length 

Greatest 

height 

Greatest 

width 

fig. 19) ------------- 0.86 0.42 0.17 + 

Geologic range.-Amsden Formation, Horseshoe 

ShaleMember, Wyoming (colln.117). 

Order PODOCOPIDA Sars, 1866 

Suborder unknown 

Superfamily PARAPARCHITACEA Scott, 1959 

See Sohn (1971, p. A5) for a discussion of this 

superfamily. 

Family PARAPARCHITIDAE Scott, 1959 

While my revision of the Paraparchitacea was 

still in press (Sohn, 1971), Schaiireuter (1971) described the monotypic Ordovician genus Jaanussonia 

in the new family Jaanussoniidae which he referred 

to Paraparchitacea. He based the J aanus~soniidae on 

the asymmetry of the valves (Klappendimorphismus). Jaanussonia Schallreuter, 1971 was described 

as small, less than 0.65 mm in greatest length, with 

the right valve ovedapping the left along the free 

margin, and with a dorsoposte.rior spine on the left 

valve. Shishaella Sohn, 1971 differs from Jaanussonia in reversal of overlap and in greater size. A 

growth series of the type-species, S. cyclopea (Girty, 

1910), ranges in greatest length from 0.47 mm to 

3.30 mm. Because Schaiireuter did not record sexual 

dimorphism in his Jaanussoniidae and Shishaella is 

dimorphic in width of the posterior or near the venter, I am tentatively retaining Shishaella in the 

Paraparchi tidae. 

Shishaella Sohn, 1971 

Shishaella Sohn, 1971, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 711-A, 

p. A14. 

Type-species (original designation).- Pa1·aparchites nicklesi var. cyclopea Girty, 1910=Paraparchites? cyclopeus Girty. Sohn, 1969, p. 50, pl. 8, figs. 

15-24. Fayetteville Shale, Arkansas. 

See Sohn (1971, p. A14) for a description of this 

genus. 

Geologic range.-Lower Mississippian-Lower Permian. 

Shishaella moreyi Sohn, n. sp. 

Plate 3, figures 1-15 

?Paraparchites nicklesi (Ulrich). Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology v. 9, p. 474, pl. 54, fig. 8. 

Name.-In honor of P. S. Morey 

Holotype.-USNM 178627. 

Paratypes.-USNM 178579-178582. 

M aterial.-In addition to the iiiustrated specimens, 37 fragments, valves and carapaces of varying 

sizes. 

Type-locality.-North side of Hoback Canyon, sec. 

2, T. 38 N., R. 115 W., Jackson quadrangle, Teton 

County, Wyo. 

Type-level.-Siltstone in Horseshoe Shale Member 

of the Am:sden Formation, 42.8-43.3 feet above top 

of the Darwin Sandstone Member. Collection 117. 

Diagnosis.-Differs from all other spedes referred 

to Shishaella in subov.ate lateral outline, in having 

the spine closer to the dorsal margin than to the 

posterior margin, in slight overreach of the right 

valve along the dorsal margin, and in posterior bend 

above the midheight. 

Description.-The valves of individuals having a 

greatest length of 1 mm or more are subovate in 

lateral outline, the anterior margin is evenly rounded, the posterior margin breaks above midheight to 

form a less convex dorsoposterior margin. Growth 

stages smaller than 1 mm are more truncated in 

the ventroposterior, so that the greatest height is 

in the anterior half. The dorsoposterior spine on the 

right valve is closer to the dorsal margin than the 

dorsoposterior corner. Dimorphism is exhibited in 
MISSISSIPPIAN OSTRACODA OF THE AMSDEN FORMATION G13 

the width of the posterior in dorsal outline (pl. 3, 

fig. 14) in presumed femal~es, whereas presumed 

males and young growth stages are relatively narrower in that area (pl. 3, figs. 3, 5, 7, 10). The right 

valve barely overreaches the left along the dorsum 

in subadults (pl. 3, fig. 10), less so in younger stages 

(pl. 3, figs. 3, 5, 7). 

Measurements (in mm) .-

Paratype (pl. 3, 

figs. 1-3) ------------

Paratype (pl. 3, 

figs. 4-6) ------------

Paratype (pl. 3, 

figs. 7-9) -------------- Paratype (pl. 3, 

figs. 10-12) ----------

Holotype (pl. 3, 

Greatest 

length 

0.54 

.64 

.80 

1.37 

Greatest 

height 

0.35 

.47 

.65 

.96 

Greatest 

width 

0.29 

.33 

.45 

.67 

figs. 13-15) ---------- 1.4+ 1.05 .86 

Discussion.-Except for the illustrated presum~ed 

male (pl. 3, figs. 10-12) all the larger specimens are 

either steinkerns or broken carapaces. Although the 

holotype (pl. 3, figs. 13-15) is a broken carapace, it 

is the only specimen that shows ~sexual dimorphism 

in the width of the posterior (pl. 3, fig. 14) consequently it is designated as the holotype. Morey 

(1935, p. 475) described Paraparchites nicklesi 

(Ulrich) as abundant in limestone of the Amsden 

of Dinwoody Canyon and as represented by both 

long and short forms. Morey's illustration of the 

right view of a carapaoe resembles in lateral outline 

the presumed male paratype (pl. 3, fig. 11), but does 

show the dorsoposterior spine. The fact that he 

identified this carapace as P. nicklesi, which was 

described and illustrated as having a dorsoposterior 

,spine, indicates that Morey had specimens with that 

spine. S. moreyi differs from Shishaella nicklesi (Ulrich, 1891) in the position of the dorsoposterior 

spine which is clos~er to the dorsal margin in the 

new species. Shishaella juvensis ( Croneis and Gale, 

1939) from the Golconda Formation of Illinois is 

bas~ed on a juvenile with a recorded greatest length 

of 0.42 mm (1939, p. 255) and resembles the juvenile of S. moreyi in lateral outline (pl. 3, fig. 2) it 

differs, however, in having a more robust dorsoposterior spines and in a more distinct dorsoposterior 

margin. 

Geologic range.-Upper Missis~sippian, Horseshoe 

Shale Member of Amsden Formation in Hoback 

Canyon (colin. 117) and Amsden Hill (colin. 24), 

Wyoming. 

Suborder BAIRDIOCOPINA Grundel, 1967 

Griindel (1967, p. 325) proposed the suborder Bairdiocopina for the Bairdiacea Sars, 1888, Cypridacea 

Baird, 1845 and ?Darwinulacea Brady and Norman, 

1889. The relationship between the bairdiids and the 

cyprids has been known for a long time, and Bairdia 

ha,s been considered a subgenus of Cythere (Sohn, 

1960, p. 12), but the Darwinulacea are not rela~d 

to the previously listed two superfamilies. 

Superfamily BAIRDIACEA Sars, 1887 

Although most writers consider the date of publication of Sa:rs' Ostracoda Mediterranea to be 1888, 

volum·e 12 of Archiv for Mathematik og N aturvidenskab, Kristiana contains 4 parts, and parts 2 and 3, 

containing Sar:s' paper were published in August, 

1887. 

Family BAIRDIIDAE Sars, 1887 

Genus BAIRDIA McCoy, 1844 

See Sohn (1960, p. 12) for a discus~sion of this 

genus. The three species described by Morey were 

all list~ed under doubtful and indeterminate species 

by Sohn (1960, p. 36, 37, 39), and examination of 

Morey's types confirms that designation. As stated 

in the introduction to this report, the slide for Bairdia contracta Morey, 1935 contains three badly corroded steinkerns, none of which matches the illustrated holotyp·e. Morey stated that he had only two 

specimens of this species, consequently, none of the 

specimens in the slide is here illustrated because they 

may not be the types. 

Geologic range.-Devonian-Permian, ?Triassic. 

Bairdia contracta Morey, 1935 

Bairdia contracta Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, no. 

6, p. 480, pl. 54, figs. 11, 12. 

Sohn (1960, p. 36) indicated that this binomen 

was a junior homonym of B. hisingeri var. contracta 

Jones and Kirkby, 1895 and that this species is indeterminate. Because it is not possible to describe this 

species adequately, there is no advantage in proposing a substitute na~me for this taxon. Scott (1942, p. 

161, pl. 2~5, figs. 14, 15) identified specimens from 

the Otter Formation of Montana as Bairdia contractu Morey, 1935. Sohn (1960, p. 21, 34) referred 

Scott's specimens to an undescribed species in open 

nomenclature as Bairdia sp. M. 

Geologic range.-Am.sden Formation, Horseshoe 

Shale Member, Wyoming (colin. 37). 

Bairdia delicata Morey, 1935 

Plate 1, figures 37-40 

Bairdia delicata Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, no. 6, 

p. 480, pl. 54, figs. 14, 16. 

[not] Bairdia delicata Morey. Copper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 25, pl. 1, figs. 45, 46=Bairdia sp. 

K Sohn, 1961,p. 21,34. 
G14 THE AMSDEN FORMATION (MISSISSIPPIAN AND PENNSYLVANIAN) OF WYOMING 

The specimen now in the slide labeled holotype has 

either heen broken and corroded since the original 

illustration, or is a different specimen. This is evident by comparing the original illustrations with 

the new photographs (pl. 1, figs. 37, 38). This binomen was considered a nomen dubium by Sohn (19·60, 

p. 37). Cooper (1941) identified specimens from the 

Menard Formation of Illinois as B. delicata. Sohn 

(1961, p. 21, 34) referred Cooper's specimens to B. 

sp. K. 

Measurements (in mm).-

Greatest Greatest Greatest 

length height width 

Plate 1, figure 37, 38 ___ 1.07 0.48 0.36 

Geologic range.-Amsden Formation, Horseshoe 

Shal~e Member, Wyoming (colln. 37). 

Bairdia nasuta Morey, 1935 

Plate 1, figures 41-45 

Acratia D~lo, 1930, Jour. Paleontology, v. 4, no. 2, p. 174; 

p. 480, pl. 54, figs. 13, 15. 

Sohn (1960, p. 39) considered this species a 

nomen dubium. Morey S<tated that he had two specim.ens of this species. The type-slide, labeled "holotyp~e," contains one steinkern on which the anterior 

is broken as shown in the original illustration, but 

differs from the original illustration in dorsal outline and also in having a pointed posterior located in 

the lowest third of the greatest height, whereas in 

the original illustration the posterior is blunt and extends higher towards the dorsum. Whether or not 

this is the result of exfoliation, or represents a different specimen cannot be proved. I suspect that the 

specimen now on the slide is not the same as the 

one illustrated by Morey. 

Measurements (in mm) .-

Greatest Greatest Greatest 

length height width 

Plate 1, figures 41-43 ___ 1.18 0.55 0.39 

Geologic range.-Am.sden Formation, Horseshoe 

Shale Member, Wyoming (colln. 37). 

Subfamily ACRATIINAE Grundel, 1962 

Genus ACRA TIA Delo, 1930 

Acratia Delo, 1930, Jour. Paleontology, v. 4, no. 2, p. 174; 

Shaver in Moore, 1961, Treatise on invertebrate paleontology v. Q. Arthropoda 3, p. Q203. 

Type-species (original designation).- Acratia 

typica Delo, 1930, p. 175, pl. 13, figs. 12a, b. Well in 

upper Carboniferous, Pecos County, Tex. 

Diagnosis.-Rostrate, with flat, almost straight 

venter, curved dorsum, attenuated posterior. Tumid, 

greatest length and width in ventral half of greatest 

height. Overlap along free margins, but not along 

dorsum. 

Discussion.-The genus was established by Delo 

on specimens of two species from cable-tool cuttings 

of undifferentiated upper Carboniferous strata from 

wells in western Texas. The holotype, and presumably only specimen of the type species, A cratia 

typica, is a corroded carapace of what was probably 

an immature individual (USNM 81780) and the anterior beak is not preserved (pl. 3, figs. 43-45). The 

holotype of A. magna Delo, 1930 is also based on an 

abraded carapace of an adult individual (USNM 

81799) that lacks the anterior beak (pl. 3, figs. 40-

42). Kellett (1935, p. 140) identified specimens from 

the Elmdale formation (Permian), Chase County, 

Kans., as Acratia typica?; her specimens (USNM 

90105-90107) are probably internal casts .and therefore unidentifiable. 

My diagnosis is based on specimens of Acratia 

deloi Geis, 1932 (p. 183, pl. 26, figs. 3a, b) from the 

Salem Limestone of Indian:a (USGS loc. 769A 

green). I have duplicated in the laboratory a specimen similar to the types of A. typica and A. magna 

by dissolving shell material from a specimen of A. 

deloi (pl. 3, figs. 33-35) that had a pronounced ver..-

troanterior rostrum and obtained a carapace that 

resembles Delo's illustrations. (Compare pl. 3, figs. 

36-39 with figs. 40-45.) Because Delo's specimens of 

Acratia are corroded, I consider the rostrum as diagnostic of the genus, in which species are differenbiated on shape. 

Over the years the following list of genera and 

their type-species were split from Acratia: 

Acratina Egorov, 1953, p. 43 (A. pestrozvetica Egorov, 

1953). 

Acratia (Cooperina) Griindel, 1962, p. 87 A. (C.) cooperi 

Griindel, 1962). 

Cooperacratia Loranger, 1963, p. 9 (Cooperia biltmorensa 

Loranger, 1954). 

Cincturacratia Loranger, 1963, p. 11 (C. spinosa 

Loranger, 1963). 

Egorovia McGill, 1963, p. 10 (E. longituda McGill, 1963). 

Shaver (in Moore, 1961) considered Acratina as 

a synonym of Acratia, and based on the experim,ent 

discussed above, I would agree with his designation. 

I am not certain whether the distinction between A. 

(Cooperina) and A. (Acra,tia) is valid, and I cannot assess Loranger's two genera because of inadequate data. McGill stated in his description of Egorovia that the absence of a duplicature excludes his 

genus from the Bairdiidae, however, his illustration 

of a longitudinal section (1963, pl. 2, fig. 18) of the 

type-species, E. longituda McGill, 1963, shows the 

calcified part of the inner lamella on both valves. 

Acratia disjuncta Morey, 1935 may eventually be 
MISSISSIPPIAN OSTRACODA OF THE AMSDEN FORMATION G15 

referred to E gorovia, should further study prove 

that the genus is valid. In the meantime, I am retaining Morey's species questionably in Acratia. 

Geologic range.-Devoni:an-Triassic. 

Acratia? disjuncta Morey, 1935 

Plate 3, figures 29-32 

Acratia disjunctus Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, no. 

6, p. 481, pl. 54, fig. 18. 

Discussion.-This species does not have the ventroanterior rostrum diagnostic of Acratia. In addition to the well-preserved holotype, I have found five 

ab~aded carapaces belonging to this species in the 

vial with sediment. Acratia tumida Cooper, 1941 (p. 

24, pl. 1, figs. 35-37) from the Kinkaid Formation of 

Illinois :appears to he congeneric with this species in 

that it also does not have the anteroventral hook. It 

differs, however, from A.? disjuncta in lateral outline and in being more tumid. A. obtusa Cooper, 

1941 p. 24, pl. 1, figs. 1-3), from the Paint Creek 

Formation of Illinois, is similar to A.? disjuncta in 

dorsal and lateral outlines, but this species has an 

anteroventral hook, and differs in the overlap in 

dorsal and ventral views. This species is not congeneric with the species from the Amsden Formation because of the diagnostic anteroventral hook. 

Measurements (in mm) .-

Greatest Greatest Greatest 

length height width 

Holotype (pl. 3, 

figs. 29-32) ---------- 1.10 0.51 0.52 

Geologic range.-Amsden Formation, Horseshoe 

Shale Member, Wyoming (collns. 24, 37). 

Suborder METACOPINA Sylvester-Bradley, 1961 

Superfamily HEALDIACEA Harlton, 1933 

Family HEALDIIDAE Harlton, 1933 

Genus HEALDIA Roundy, 1926 

Healdia Roundy, 1926, U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 146, 

p. 8; Shaver in Moore, 1961, Treatise on invertebrate 

paleontology, v. Q, Arthropoda 3, p. Q361. 

Type-species (original designation) . - H ealdia 

simplex Roundy, 1926, p. 8, pl. 1, figs. 11a-c. Upper 

Pennsylvanian, Texas. 

Discussion.-Roundy described two species in this 

genus, the type-species without any posterior spines 

or ridges, and Healdia ampla Roundy, 1926 with two 

posterior spines on each valve. Other species in this 

genus have transverse posterior ridges that are 

either straight or curved, or ridges that bear spines 

on either or both ends. H ealdia and some of the 

related genera in the Healdiidae need further study. 

Because revision of these genera is beyond the 

scope of this paper, the classification in Moore 

( 1961) is used here. Sohn ( 1960, pl. 6, figs. 1-5) 

illustrated a carapace of CTibroconcha Cooper, 1941 

(type-species C. costata Cooper, 1941) that differs 

from ridged and spined species of H ealdia by having punctae scattered on the surface of the valves, 

which he subjected to dilute acid to remove part of 

the shell and thus manufactured a carapace that 

looked like Healdia (Sohn 1960, pl. 6, fig. 4). Additional removal of the shell by acid resulted in a 

specimen that looked like a "Bythocypris" =PseudobythocypTis Shaver, 1958. 

Geologic range.-Devonian to Permian, ?Lower 

Mesozoic. 

Healdia ornata Morey, 1935 

Plate 1, figures 14-21 

Healdia ornata Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, no. 6, 

p. 481 pl. 54, fig. 4. 

[not]Healdia ornata Morey. Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 32, pl. 4, figs. 1, 2. Glen Dean 

Formation, Illinois=H. triangularis Croneis and Gale, 

1939. 

Discussion.-Morey had two syntypes, and probably illustrated the right valve of a presumed male 

(pl. 1, figs. 19-21). The second syntype, a presumed 

female, (pl. 1, figs. 14-18) is here designated as the 

lectotype. Cooper (1941) illustrated a carapace from 

the Glen Dean Formation (Hom berg Group) of Illinois that differs from the Amsden specimens in 

lateral outline, having the dorsal angulation (point 

of greatest height) farther towards the posterior. 

Because Cooper 0onsidered H. triangular·is Croneis 

and Gale, 1939 a synonym of his H. ornata, the 

specimens from the Glen Dean Formation should be 

called H. t1~iangularis. 

Measurements (in mm) .-

Greatest Greatest Greatest 

length height width 

Lectotype (pl. 1, 

figs. 14-18) ----------

Paralectotype (pl. 1, 

figs. 19-21) ----------

0.50 

.51 

0.33 0.27 

.34 .22 

Geologic range.-Amsden Formation, Horseshoe 

Shale Member, Wyoming (colin. 37). 

Family BAIRDIOCYPRIDIDAE Shaver, 1961 

Genus PSEUDOBYTHOCYPRIS Shaver, 1958 

Pseudobythocypris Shaver, 1958, Am. Midland Naturalist, v. 

59, no. 1, p. 122; Shaver in Moore, 1961, Treatise on 

invertebrate paleontology, v. Q, Arthropoda 3, p. Q366. 

Type-species (original designation) .-Bythocypris pediformis Knight, 1928, p. 326, pl. 44, figs. 3ac. Upper Fort Scott Limestone, Missouri. 

Discussion.-Shaver (1958, p. 122) included Bythocypr·is arnsdenensis Morey, 1935 in his list of 

species that he assigned to Pseudobythocypris. Be-
G16 THE AMSDEN FORMATION (MISSISSIPPIAN AND PENNSYLVANIAN) OF WYOMING 

cause the only available specimen of Bythocypris 

amsdenensis is a broken steinkern that may not even 

represent the original specimen illustrated by Morey, 

I am questionably referring the species to Pseudobythocypris. 

Geologic range.-Mississippian-Permian. 

Pseudobythocypris? amsdenensis (Morey, 1935) 

Plate 1, figures 22-25 

Bythocypris amsdenensis Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 

9, no. 6, p. 481, pl. 54, figs. 2, 3. 

[not] Bythocypris amsdenensis Morey. Cooper, 1941, Illinois 

Geol. Survey R·ept. Inv. 77, p. 28, pl. 2, figs. 35, 36. 

Clore Formation, Illinois and upper Fayetteville Shale, 

Arkansas. 

[not] Bythocypris amsdenensis Morey. Scott, 1942, Jour. 

Paleontology v. 16, no. 2, p. 16.2, pl. 25, fig. 18. Ott~ 

Formation, Montana. 

[not] Bythocypris a:ff. amsdenensis Morey. McLaughlin and 

Simons, 1951, Jour. Paleontology, v. 25, no. 4, p. 516, 

pl. 76, fig. 14. Chewelah Argillite (probably Pennsylvanian), Washington. 

Discussion.-Although Morey wrote that this sp·edes was common at two localities ( collns. 24 and 

27), only one broken steinkern in the slide labeled 

holotype is available. It may not be the illustrated 

specimen. McLaughlin and Simons ( 1951, p. 516) 

suggested that because Morey's original photograph 

of the right valve does not show any overlap of the 

larger left valve along the venter, the height-length 

ratio is misleading. The original photograph (Morey, 

1935, pl. 54, fig. 2) shows a suggestion of overlap 

along the posterior margin, and also near the dorsoanterior; these features however, cannot be discerned (pl. 1, fig. 23). Cooper (1941) illustrated a 

carapace as B. amsdenensis that differs in lateral 

and dorsal outlines from Morey's illustration, and 

his specimen from the Fayetteville of Arkansas is 

recorded to be 0.48 mm in length. Morey's ·specimen, 

however, was recorded as 0.7 mm. Scott's specimen 

measures on the illustration 14.5 mm, and the stated 

magnification is x 25, which makes his specimen 

from the Otter Formation 0.58 mm in greatest 

length. McLaughlin ·and Simons recorded 0.62 as the 

length of their specimen. Shaver (1958, fig. 1) illustrated the lateral and dorsal outlines of P. pediformis (Knight, 1928) and recorded the average 

length of each growth stage (Shaver, 1958, table 1, 

fig. 3). Based on Shaver's data, Cooper's specimen, 

were it conspecific with Morey's, repres.ents the 

seventh instar. Because the dorsal and lateral outlines of Cooper's specimen differ more from Morey's 

.specimen than the outlines of the seventh and the 

adult males and females in P. pediformis, I consider 

Coop·er's specimen not to be conspecific with Morey's 

P.? amsdenensis. Using the same criteria, Scott's 

specimen should repre·sent the eighth instar, and the 

lateral outline rules that specimen out from P.? 

am,sdenensis, and the same is true for the specimen 

illustrated by McLaughlin and Simons. 

Measurements (in mm) .-

Greatest Greatest Greatest 

length height width 

Holotype (pl. 1, figs. 

22, 23) -------------- 0.63 0.31 0.23 

Geologic range.-Amsden Formation, Horseshoe 

Shale Member, Wyoming (collns. 24, 37). 

Order PLATYCOPIDA Sars, 1865 

Suborder PLA TYCOPINA Sars, 1865 

Superfamily CAVELLINACEA Egorov, 1950 

See Sohn (1968, p. 17) for a discussion of this 

classification. 

Family CAVELLINIDAE Egorov, 1950 

Genus CA YELLIN A Coryell, 1928 

Cavellina Coryell, 1928a, Jour. Paleontology, v. 2, no. 2, p. 

89; Kellett, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. 9, no. 2, p. 

144; Benson in Moore, 1961, Treatise on invertebrate 

paleontology, v. Q, Arthropoda 3, p. Q369. 

Type-species (original designation) .-Cavellina 

pulchella Coryell, 1928a, p. 90, pl. 11, fig. 5; Cooper, 

1946, p. 74, pl. 10, figs. 9-18. Seminole and Holdensville Formations, Oklahoma. See Cooper, 1946 for 

synonymy and other localities. 

Discussion.-Coryell based Cavellina on a female 

(Kellett, 1935, p. 144) and the genus is identical in 

outside shell morphology and dimorphism to Cytherella Jones, 1849 based on the Cretaceous Cytherina 

ovata Roemer, 1840 (type-species subsequently designated by Ulrich, 1897 [ 1894], p. 684) . Kellett 

(1935, p. 145) noted that the vertical ridge setting 

off the posterior depression in females of Cavellina 

extends dorsad farther than in Cytherella (pl. 1, 

figs. 46-49) , and suggested that Cavell ina be restricted to Paleozoic species, and Cytherella used 

for post-Paleozoic to living species. Triebel ( 1941, 

pl. 14, figs. 162a, b) was the first to note that the 

muscle scar pattern of Cavellina differed from that 

of Cytherella (1941, pl. 13, fig. 154), thus validating 

the distinction between the two genera. About 150 

species were either described in or transferred to 

Cavellina. 

Shaver (1953) discussed the ontogenetic development and sexual dimorphism of Cythet·ella and 

Cavellina, and .showed that although there is a minor 

amount of variation in the shape of the dorsal overlap during ontogeny, it is similar in adult males and 

females of Cytherella bullata Alexander, 1932; presumably the same is true for Cavellina. 
MISSISSIPPIAN OSTRACODA OF THE AMSDEN FORMATION G17 

Geologic range.-Silurian-Permian. 

Cavellina bransoni {Morey, 1935) 

Plate 1, figures 50-54 

Cytherella bransoni Morey, 1935, Jour. Paleontology, v. _9, 

no. 6, p. 482, pl. 54, fig. 5. 

[not] Cavellina bransoni (Morey). Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. 

Survey Rept. Inv. 77, p. 35, pl. 5, figs. 22, 23. 

Because the shells in Cavellina are smooth, it is 

difficult to determine specific characters. The lateral 

and dorsal outlines and shape of the overlap along 

the dorsum and venter are used to discriminate 

species. Cooper ( 1941) illustrated as C. bransoni a 

sp·ecimen from the Kinkaid Formation of Illinois 

that differs from the holotype in both lateral and 

dorsal outlines, and also in the overlap along the 

dorsal margin. By comparing Cooper's figure 23, 

stated to be the right side but actually the left side, 

with Morey's original figure and the new illustration 

(pl. 1, fig. 53) which has a slightly different orientation, the differences in lateral outline are as follows: 

posterior part of dorsal margin is more truncated in 

the Illinois specimen, the anterior part of the smaller 

valve is less truncated, and the Vlentral margin is 

more convex. The dorsal outline of Cooper's specimen (1941, pl. 5, fig. 22) differs markedly from C. 

bransoni in outline and in the shap~e of the overlap 

which is smoothly convex in the Illinois specim·en, 

and sinuous in the holotype. The holotype is probably a female, whereas Cooper's specimen is either a 

juvenile or a male of a different species. 

Measurements (in mm) .-

Holotype (pl. 1, figs. 

Greatest 

length 

Greatest 

height 

Greatest 

width 

50-54) -------------- 0.85 0.56 0.38 

Geologic range.-Amsden Formation, Horseshoe 

Shale Member, Wyoming ( colln. 25). 

Cavellina spp. 

Plate 1, figures 46-49, 55-57, 62-65 

One steinkern and two carapaces we~e recovered 

from collection 117; these are illustrated but not 

described because of inadequate material. The steinkern (pl. 1, figs. 46-49) is evidently that of an adult 

female that may have been smaller than C. bransoni (Morey, 1935) ; the two carapace's are larger 

than C. bransoni. One (pl. 1, figs. 62-65) represents a female; the other possibly a mal~e (pl. 1, figs. 

55-57). 

Measurements (in mm) .-

Plate 1, figures 46-49 __ 

Plate 1, figures 55-57 __ 

Plate 1, figures 62-65 __ 

Greatest 

length 

0.63 

1.01 

1.20 

Greatest 

height 

0.34 

.62 

.70 

Greatest 

width 

0.26 

.42 

.51 

Geologic range.-Amsden Formation, Horseshoe 

Shale Member, Wyoming (colin. 117). 

Genus TETRATYLUS Cooper, 1941 

Tetratylus Cooper, 1941, Illinois Geol. Survey Rept. Inv. 77, 

p. 34; Benson and others in Moore, 1961, Treatise on 

invertebrate paleontology, v. Q, Arthropoda 3, p. Q370. 

Type-species (original designation) .-Tetratylus 

elliptica Cooper, 1941, p. 35, pl. 5, figs. 1-6. Paint 

Creek Formation, core .sample, 2454 feet, well i~ 

Jefferson County, Ill. 

Discussion.-Cooper (1941) described this genus 

on well mat:erial from which he described T. ellipticus, and T. elongatus. In addition, he identified and 

illustrated T. menardensis (Croneis and Bristol, 

1939) originally described as H ealdia? menardensis. 

The genus has not been recorded again, nor was it 

present in several surface collections of the Paint 

Creek Formation. Cooper's generic diagnosis 

follows.: 

Carapace ovate, ends rounded, dorsum curved, venter 

straight or convex, end margins of some species [italics 

added] bordered by low ridge, terminated above and below 

by round, knob like spines of variable length; valves highest 

anteriorly, with shallow sinus just back of center which is 

elongate vertically, extending from the dorsum down to 

about one-third of shell height, deepest near bottom; right 

valve overlaps left around entire margin, but overlap is inconspicuous except along venter; surface smooth to finely 

punctate. 

Pribyl (1953, p. 299, 332) suggested that Tetratylus is a junior synonym of Bnfina Coryell and Malkin, 1936. I am grateful to Dr. Charles Collinson, 

Illinois Geological Survey, for sending me Coop·er's 

types, one of which, the holotype of T. elongata, is 

a left valve that shows the hinge. Dr. E. S. Richardson, Jr., Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 

very kindly sent me the holotype of H ealdia? menarrdensis Croneis and Bristol, 1939, a right valve of 

a specim~en slightly more than 0.4 mm in greatest 

length that has the diagnostic terminal nodes along 

the posterior end, and none along the anterior. The 

hinge of Tetratylus is of the peripheral type while 

that of Bujina is merodont (terminology in Moore, 

1961, p. Q36). Because of the different hinge structures, the two genera should not be placed in synonymy. Kummerow (1953, p. 56, pl. 6, figs. 9a, b) 

described and illustrated a Middle Devonian species 

from Poland as W aylandella r·etusa. This species has 

terminal knobs on each of the four corners of the 

valve but not the dorsomedian sulcus, and may possibly belong to Tetratylus. 

I have only two poorly preserved carapaces from 

the Amsden Formation in Wyoming, neither of 

which has the diagnostic dorsomedian sulcus well 
G18 THE AMSDEN FORMATION (MISSISSIPPIAN AND PENNSYLVANIAN) OF WYOMING 

developed, although there is a faint suggestion of 

such a structure on the left valve of the better preserved carapace (pl. 1, fig. 28), and on both valves of 

the more poorly preserved carapace (pl. 1, figs. 29, 

30). Because only two specimens are available, I am 

not formally describing and naming this species. 

Geologic range.-Devonian ?, Upper Mississippian. 

T etratylus sp. 

Plate 1, figures 26-31 

Two poorly preserved carapaces were recovered 

f~om USGS collection 18788-PC. The end ridges 

were either poorly developed in this species or were; 

not preserved. Because these are the first record of 

this genus outside of Illinois, both are illustrated. 

Measurements (in mm) .-

Greatest 

length 

Greatest 

height 

Greatest 

width 

Plate 1, figures 26-28 __ 0.51 0.31 0.24 

Plate 1, figures 29-31 __ .61 .33 .28 

Geologic range.-Amsden Formation, Horseshoe 

Shal~e M,ember, Wyoming (colin. 117). 

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INDEX 

[Italic page numbers indicate both major references and descriptions] 

Page 

A 

Acratia ----------------------------- GU, 15 

deloi ----------------------------- 1.4 

disjuncta ----------------- 1, 14, 15; pl. 3 

disjunctus ---------------------- 1, 2,15 

magna --------------------------- 14 

obtusa --------------------------- 15 tum ida __________________________ _ 

typica ___ ---- ___________________ _ 

( Acratia) _________ --- _ -----------

( Cooperina) ---------------------

cooperi -----------------------

(Acratia), Acratia ------------------- Acratiinae --- _ -- _______ ------- ____ ----

Acratina ___ --- _ ------ _________ -------

15 

14 

14 

14 

14 

14 

14 

14 

pestrozvetica --------------------- 14 

Aechminella -------------------------- 4 

biltmorensis ---------------------- 5 

brauni --------------------------- 4 

buchanani ------------------------ 4 

clivusbestiola --------------------- 4 longispinosa _ __ _ __ _ __ ___ _ __ _ ___ _ __ 4 

multiloba ------------------------- 4 

quadrilobata ---------------------- 5 

trispinosa ------------------------ 4 

Aechminel!idae ----------------------- 4 

alabamensis, Balantoides -------------- 5 

Polytylites ----------------------- 3, 4, 5 

allani, Sargentina -------------------- 8 

Amphissites -------------------------- 6, 7 

robertsi --------------------- 1, 2, 6; pl. 3 

rugosus -------------------------- 6 

warei -------------------------- 1, 2, 6, 7 

Amphissitidae ------------------------- 6 

ampla, Healdia ---------------------- 15 

amplectans, Sansabella --------------- 7 

Amsden Hill ------------------------- 3, 9 

Amsden Hill locality ----------------- 1, 8 

amsdenensis, Bythocypris -------- 1, 2, 15, 16 

Pseudobythocypris ----------- 1,16,; pl. 1 

Sansabella ----------------------- 1, 2, 8 

Sargentina ------------------- 1, 8; pl. 2 

annularis, Glyptopleura --------------- 12 

asulcata, Sargentina ------------------ 8 

atypica, Glyptopleura ----------------- 10 

B 

Bairdia ------------------------------ 1,13 

contracta ------------------------ 1, 2, 13 

delicata -------------------- 1, 2,13; pl. 1 

hisingeri contracta --------------- 13 

nasuta --------------------- 1, 2, H; pl. 1 

sp. M --------------------------- 13 

Bairdiacea ---------------------------- 13 

Bairdiidae --------------------------- 13, 14 

Bairdiocopina ------------------------ 3, 13 

Bairdiocyprididae --------------------- 15 

Balantoides ------------------------ 1, 2, 4, 5 

alabamensis ----------------------- 5 

biltmorensus ---------------------- 4, 5 

fribourgellus ---------------------- 4 

moreyi --------------------------- 4, 5 

multilobus ------------------------ 4 

quadrilobatus ------------- 1, 2, 4, 5; pl. 1 

Page 

Banff Formation in Alberta ---------- G4 

batalinae, Ectodemites ---------------- 7 

bella, Sansabella ------------------ 2, 8; pl. 2 

Beyrichia multiloba ------------------- 4 

radiata cestriensis ----------------- 6 Beyrichiana _ __ ___ _ __ _ __ _ __ ___ _ __ _ __ __ 4 

Beyrichiopsiidae ---------------------- 10, 12 

Big Snowy Group of Montana -------- 2 

biltmorensa, Cooperia ----------------- 14 

biltmorensis, Aechminella ------------- 5 

biltmorensus, Balantoides ------------- 4, 5 

Boursella ----------------------------- 4 

bransoni, Cavellina --------------- 1, 17; pl. 1 

Cytherella ---------------------- 1, 2, 17 

brauni, Aechminella ------------------ 4 

Brillius ------------------------------ 6 

distortus ------------------------- 6 

yveus ---------------------------- 6 

buchanani, Aechminella --------------- 4 

Rufina ------------------------------- 17 

bullata, Cytherella -------------------- 16 

Bythocypris -------------------------- 15 

amsdenensis ----------------- 1, 2, 15,16 

pedijormis ----------------------- 15 

c 

Cavellina ---------------------------- 16,17 

bransoni --------------------- 1, 17; pl. 1 

pulchella ------------------------- 16 

sp ----------------------------- 17; pl. 1 

Cavellinacea ------------------------- 4, 16 

Cavellinidae -------------------------- 16 

Cavellininae -------------------------- 3 

Ceratopleurina ------------------------ 10, 11 

mimiri --------------------------- 11 

cestriensis, Beyrichia radiata ---------- 6 

Hollinella ------------------------ 6 

Cherry Creek locality ---------------- 1, 8, 9 

Cincturacratia ------------------------ 14 

spinosa --------------------------- 14 

clivusbestiola, Aechminella ----------- 4 

Clore Formation ---------------------- 7 

Clore Limestone ------------------- 3, 5, 8, 9 

consimilis, Jonesina ------------------ 9 

contracta,, Bairdia ------------------- 1, 2, 13 

Bairdia hisingeri ----------------- 13 

Cooperacratia ------------------------ 14 

cooperi, Acratia (Cooperina) --------- 14 

Cooperia biltmorensa ----------------- 14 

(Cooperina), Acratia ----------------- 14 

cooperi, Acratia ------------------ 14 

Cornigelltl ---------------------------- 4 

tuberculospinosa ------------------ 4 

costata, Cribroconcha ------------------ 15 

Cribroconcha ------------------------- 15 

costata --------------------------- 15 

cyclopea, Paraparchites nicklesi ------ 12 

Shishaella ------------------------ 12 

cyclopeus, Paraparchites -------------- 12 

Cypridacea --------------------------- 13 

Cythere ------------------------------- 13 

Cytherella ---------------------------- 16 

bransoni ------------------------ 1, 2,17 

bullata --------------------------- 16 

Cytherina ovata ---------------------- 16 

Page 

D 

Darwin Sandstone Member ----------- G3,12 

Darwinulacea ------------------------- 13 

Deese Formation --------------------- 9 

delicata, Bai?·dia --------------- 1, 2, 13; pl. 1 

deloi, Acratia ------------------------ 14 

dentata Hollinella --------------------- 5 

disjuncta, Acratia ------------- 1, 14, 15; pl. 3 

disjunctus, Acratia ----------------- 1, 2, 15 

distortus, Brill ius -------------------- 6 

Drepane!lacea ------------------------- 4 

dubia, Sansabella --------------- 1, 2, 8; pl. 2 

E 

Ectodemites 

batalinae -------------------------

6, 7 

7 

primus --------------------------- 6, 7 

warei ------------------------- 1, 7; pl. 1 

Egorovia ----------------------------- 14, 15 

longituda ------------------------ 14 

elliptica, Tetratylus ------------------- 17 

ellipticus, Tetratylus ------------------ 17 

elongata, Tetratylus ------------------ 17 

elongatus, Tetratylus ----------------- 17 

F 

Fayetteville Shale ------------------ 6, 10, 16 

jorsetti, Sargentina ------------------- 8 

Fort Scott Limestone ----------------- 15 

jribourgellus, Balantoides -------------- 4 

G 

Geisina ------------------------------- 9 

Glen Dean Formation --------------- 6, 10, 15 

Glyptopleura ------------------------- 10 

annularis ------------------------- 12 

atypica --------------------------- 10 

inopinata ------------------------- 10 

multicostata --------------- 1, 2, 11; pl. 3 

renijormis ------------------------ 10 

sokolskyae ------------------------ 12 

spinosa -------------------------- 11 

valkyriae ------------------------- 11 

Glyptopleuridae ----------------------- 10 

Glyptopleurina ----------------------- 10 

Glyptopleurites --------------------- 2, 10, 11 

tyri ---------------------------- 11, 12 

windfieldi ----------------- 2, 11, 12; pl. 3 

Golconda Formation ------------------ 13 

H 

Healdia 

ampla ----------------------------

15 

15 

menardensis ---------------------- 3, 17 

ornata --------------------- 1, 2, 15; pl. 1 

simplex -------------------------- 15 

triangularis ---------------------- 15 

Healdiacea --------------------------- 15 

Healdiidae ----------------------------

Heath Formation --------------------

hisingeri contracta, Bairdia 

21 

15 

3 

13 
22 

Page 

Hoback Canyon ---------------------- G3, 12 

Holdensville Formation --------------- 16 

Hollinacea 

Hollinella 

cestriensis ________________ ------ __ 

dentata __________________ ----- __ _ 

!cell ettae ___ - __ -----_--------------

5 

6 

5 

6 

longispina ------------------------ 5 

pu.mila --------------------------- 5 

radiata -------------------------- 2, 5, 6 

typica ---------------------- 1, 2, 5; pl. 1 ( Hollinella) _ _____ ___ _ __ ___ ____ ___ 5 

(Kcslingella) ---------------------

sp ------------------------------- 6 

(Hollinella), Hollinclla --------------- 5 

Hollinellidae ______ --------- _____ ------

Hollinomorpha _______________________ _ 

Romberg Group ----------------------- 15 

Horseshoe Shale Member __ 2, 3, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15 

Hoxbar Formation -------------------- 9 

infrequens, Nuferella ----------------- 9 

ino}Jinata, Glyptopleura. __________ ----- 10 

J 

Jaanussonia 

J aanussoniidae _______________________ _ 12 

12 

Jonesina ----------------------------- 2 

consimilis ------------------------ 9 

puncta --------------------------- 1, 2, 9 

spinigera ------------------------- 9 

Judahellidae -------------------------- 4 

juvensis, Shishaella ------------------- 13 

K 

lcellettae, H ollinella 6 

(Kcslingella), Hollinella --------------

Kinkaid Formation of Illinois ___ 2, 7, 8, 15, 17 

Kirkbyacea --------------------------- 4, 6 

Kirkbyocopina ------------------------ 4 

Kloc'denella sigurdi ------------------- 9 

Kloedenellacea _______________ ------ ___ 7 

K'oedenellocopina 

L 

Liverpool cyclothem 

Lochriella reversa --------------------

longispina, Hollinella -----------------

longispinosa, Aechminella ----------- __ 

longituda, Egorovia 

M 

magna, Acratia 

Mammoides ___ ------- _______ ------ __ _ 

Marble Falls Limestone ---------------

Mauch Chunk Formation ------------

Mauryella ----------------------------

7 

4 

14 

14 

4 

7 

3, 9 

4 

mediocre, Mesoglypha ----------------- 10 

Mena1·d Formation ------------------- 9 

mcnardensis, Healdia ----------------- 3, 17 

Tetratylus ------------------------ 17 

Mesoglyp!ta --------------------------- 10 

mediocre ------------------------- 10 pulchra _ ------ _______ ------- __ ___ 10 

Metacopina --------------------------- 15 

mimiri, Ceratopleurina --------------- 11 

Moffat Trail Limestone Member ------- 3 

moreyi, Balantoides ------------------ 4, 5 

Shishaella -------------------- 1, 12; pl. 3 

multicostata, Glyptopleura ______ 1, 2, 11,; pl. 3 

INDEX 

Page 

multiloba, ,4echminclla ---------------- G4 

Beyrichia ------------------------- 4 

multilobus, Balantoides --------------- 4 

N 

nasuta, Bairdia ------------------ 2, 14; pl. 1 

niclclesi, Paraparchites ----------- 1, 2, 12, 13 

cycl.opea, Paraparchites ----------- 12 

Shishaella ------------------------ 13 

Nuferella ----------------------------- 9, 10 

infrequens ------------------------ 9 

Nuferella odini _______ --- ___ ---------- 9 

puncta ----------------------- 1, 9; pl. 2 rotlzi _____________________ -------- 9 

1cellsi ---------------------------- 9, 10 

sp _ ---------------------------- 10; pl. 2 

0 

obtusa, Acratia ----------------------- 15 

odini, Nuferella ---------------------- 9 

ornata, Healdia ---------------- 1, 2, 15; pl. 1 

Ostracoda ---------------------------- 3 

Ostracode localities ------------------- 3 

Otter Formation ----------------- 3, 8, 11,16 

ovata, Cytherina --------------------- 16 

p 

Paint Creek Formation ----------- 10, 15, 17 

Palaeocopida ------------------------- 3, 4, 7 

Pa:·aparchitacea ---------------------- 12 

Para]Jarchites cyclopeus --------------- 12 

nicklesi ---------------------- 1, 2, 12, 13 

cyclopea ---------------------- 12 

Paraparchitidae ----------------------- 12 

pedijorrnis, Bythocypris --------------- 15 

Pseudobythocypris ---------------- 16 

Pennington Formation ---------------- 4 

pcstrozvetiea, Acratina --------------- 14 

P:atycopida -------------------------- 4, 16 

Platycopina -------------------------- 4,16 

Podocopida --------------------------- 12 

Polytylites alabamensis --------------- 3, 4, 5 

primus, Ectodemites ------------------ 6, 7 

Pseudobythocypris -------------------- 15 

amsdenensis ------------------ 1, 16; pl. 1 

pediformis ----------------------- 16 

Pseudonodellina ______ -------------- __ _ 

]ntlchella, Cavellina -------------------

pulchra, Mesoglypha ------------------

pumila, Hollinella --------------------

4 

16 

10 

5 

puncta, Jonesina --------------------- 1, 9 

Nuferella --------------------- 1, 9; pl. 2 

Q 

quadrilobata, Aechminella ------------ 5 

quadrilobatus, Balantoides ----- 1, 2, 4, 5; pl. 1 

R 

radiata cestriensis, Beyrichia ---------- 6 

Hollinella ------------------------ 2, 5, 6 

Ranchester Limestone Member -------- 3 

reniformis, Glyptopleura -------------- 1•0 

retusa, lVaylandella ------------------- 17 

reversa, Lochriella -------------------- 7 

Reversabella ---------------------- 7 

Sansrtbella ------------------ 1, 2, 7; pl. 2 

Rcversabella -------------------------- 8 

revers a ---- _______ - --------------

robertsi, Amphissites -------------- 1, 6; pl. 3 

rothi, Nuferella ----------------------- 9 

rugosus, Amphisites ------------------ 6 

Page 

s 

Salem Limestone --------------------- G14 

Sansabella --------------------------- 7, 8 

amplectans ----------------------- 7 

amsdenensis ---------------------- 1, 2, 8 

bella -------------------------- 2, 8; pl. 2 

dnbia ---------------------- 1, 2, 8; pl. 2 

reversa --------------------- 1, 2, 7; pl. 2 

stewartae ------------------------ 7 

trnncata -------------------------- 7 

Sansabellidae ------------------------- 7, 10 

Sargentina ---------------------------- 8 

allani ---------------------------- 8 

amsdenensis ------------------- 1, 8; pl. 2 asulcata _______________________ --- 8 

forsetti ______ ,.____________________ 8 

Seminole Formation ------------------ 16 

Shishaella ---------------------------- 12 

cyclopea -------------------------- 12 

juvensis -------------------------- 13 

moreyi ----------------------- 1, 12; pl. 3 

nieklesi -------------------------- 13 

simplex, Healdia --------------------- 15 

Sm'thwick Shale ---------------------- 7 

sokolskyae, Glyptopleura -------------- 12 

Spergen Limestone ------------------- 3 

spinigera, Jonesina -------------------

spinosa, Cincturacratia ---------------

Glyptopleura _________ -------------

stewartae, Sansabella -----------------

Summum cyclothem -------------------

Svantovites 

Systematic descriptions 

T 

9 

14 

11 

7 

6 

10 

3 

Tetratylus ---------------------------- 2,17 

elliptica -------------------------- 17 

elliptwus ------------------------- 17 

elongata -------------------------- 17 

elongatus ------------------------- 17 

menardensis ---------------------- 17 

sp ----------------------------- 18; pl. 1 

triangularis, Healdia ------------------ 15 

trispinosa, Aechminella --------------- 4 

truncata, Sansabella ------------------ 7 

tuberculospinosa, Cornigella ----------- 4 

tumida, Acratia ---------------------- 15 

typica., Acratia ----------------------- 14 

Hollinella ------------------- 1, 2, 5; pl. 1 

tyri, Glyptopleurites ------------------ 11, 12 

u 

Upper Kinkaid Formation 6 

v 

vallcyriae, Glyptopelura --------------- 11 

w 

Waldronites -------------------------- 5 

warei, Amphissites ----------------- 1, 2, 6, 7 

Ectodemites ---------------------- 1, 7 

Waylandella retusa ------------------- 17 

wellsi, Nuferella --------------------- 9, 10 

Wewoka Formation ------------------ 5 

·windfieldi, Glytopleurites ------ 2, 11, 12; pl. 3 

Wind River Range -------------------- 1, 3 

y 

yveus, Brillius 6 
PLATES 1-3 

Contact photographs of the plates in this report are available, at cost, from U.S. 

Geological Survey Library, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225. 
PLATE 1 

[Magnification approximately X 30; photographs by R. H. McKinney] 

FIGURES 1-8. Balantoides alabamensis (Ehrlich, 1964) (p. G5). 

1, 2. Outside and inside views of a right valve, the holotype of Polytylites alabamensis. LSU 7547. 

3, 4. Inside and outside views of a right valve, a paratype. LSU 7549. 

5, 6. Dorsal and lateral views of a partly broken right valve, paratype. LSU 7550. 

7, 8. Right and left views of a crushed carapace, paratype. LSU 7548. 

9-13. Balantoides quadrilobatus Morey, 1935 (p. G5). 

9-12. Left, dorsal, ventral, and right views of the holotype, UM Os. 1027-0. 

13. Original illustration of the holotype, right valve. Amsden Formation, Wyoming. 

14-21. Healdia ornata Morey, 1935 (p. G15). 

14-18. Right, left, dorsal, dorsal oblique, and posterior views of a presumed female syntype, here designated as the lectotype, UM Os. 1029-1. 

19-21. Right, dorsal, and left views of a presumed male syntype, here designated as a paralectotype, 

UM Os. 1029-lA. Amsden Formation, Wyoming. 

22-25. Pseudobythocypris? amsdenensis (Morey, 1935) (p. G16). 

22, 23. Dorsal and right views of holotype as it is now. 

24, 25. The original illustrations of the same specimen, UM Os. 1030-1. 

26-31. Tetratylus sp. (p. G18). 

26-28. Right, ventral, and left views of a carapace, either a juvenile or a male. Figured specimen 

USNM 178568. 

29-31. Left, right, and dorsal views of a carapace, presumed female. Figured specimen USNM 178569. 

Amsden Formation, Wyoming ( colln. 117). 

32-36. "Ectodemites" warei (Morey, 1935) (p. G7). 

32-35. Left, ventral, right, and dorsal views of lectotype, UM Os. 1027-1. Amsden Formation, Wyoing. 

36. Right view of paralectotype, UM Os. 1027-1. Amsden Formation, Wyoming. 

37-40. Bairdia delicata Morey, 1935 (p. G13). 

37, 38. Dorsal and right views of a steinkern in the slide labeled "holotype" of Morey's species, UM 

Os. 1029-3. 

39, 40. Dorsal and right views of the holotype, Morey's original illustration. Amsden Formation, Wyoming. 

41-45. Bairdia nasuta Morey, 1935 (p. G14). 

41-43. Dorsal, right, and left views of a steinkern in the slide labeled "holotype," UM Os. 1024-4. 

44, 45. Right and dorsal views of holotype, Morey's original illustration. Amsden Formation, Wyoming. 

46-49. Cavellina sp. (p. G17). 

Ventral, right, dorsal, and left views of a steinkern of a female showing the dorsad extension of the 

vertical groove made by the ridge that is diagnostic of the genus. Figured specimen USNM 178570. 

Amsden Formation, Wyoming (colln. 117). 

50-54. Cavellina bransoni (Morey, 1935) (p. G17). 

50. Left view of the holotype, Morey's original illustration. 

51-54. Ventral, dorsal, left, and right views of holotype, UM Os 1030-3. Amsden Formation, Wyoming. 

55-57. Cavellina sp. (p. G17). 

Left, right, and dorsal views of presumed male. Figured specimen USNM 178511. Amsden Formation, Wyoming (coHn. 117). 

58-61. H ollinella typica Morey, 1935 (p. G5). 

Ventral, right, dorsal, and left views of the holotype, UM Os. 1026-1. Amsden Formation, Wyoming. 

62-65. Cavellina sp. (p. G17). 

Dorsal, right, ventral, and left views of a female carapace. Figured specimen USNM 178572. Amsden 

Formation, Wyoming (colln. 117). 
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 84&-G PLATE 1 

BALANTOIDES, HEALD/A, PSEUDOBYTHOCYPRIS ?, TETRATYLUS, 

"ECTODEMITES," BAIRD/A, CAVELLINA, AND HOLLIN ELLA 
PLATE 2 

[Magnification approximately X 30; photographs by R. H . McKinney] 

FIGURES 1-7. Nuferella wellsi Coryell and Sohn, 1938 (p. G9). 

1-4. Ventral, right, dorsal, and left views of holotype. 

5. Left view of carapace, young growth stage. Figured specimen USNM 178573. 

6, 7. Two left views of adult carapaces showing dimorphism. Figured specimens USNM 178574, 178575. 

Mauch Chunk Formation, West Virginia. 

8-15. Nuferella odini (Coryell and Johnson), 1939 (p. G9). 

8-10. Right, dorsal, and left views of the specimen illustrated by Coryell and Johnson, 1939 as Jonesina puncta Morey. 

11, 12. Ventral and left views of the holotype o.f Kloedenella sigurrdi Corye-ll and Johnson, 1939. 

13-15. Dorsal, right, and left views of the holotype of J onesina odini Coryell and Johnson, 1939. Clore 

Limestone, Illinois. 

16-19. Nuferella sp. (p. G10). 

16-19. Ventral, left, dorsal, and right views of carapace. Figured specimen USNM 178576. Amsden 

Formation, Wyoming, USGS loc. 18788-PC. 

20-25. Nuferella? puncta (Morey, 1935) (p. G9 ). 

20, 21. Dorsal and left views of carapace. Figured specimen USNM 182669. Vial with sediment labeled 

"Amsden Hill, Little Popo Agie," Wyoming. 

22-25. Right, left, ventral, and dorsal views of holotype, UM Os. 1026-3. Amsden Formation, Wyoming. 

26-28. Sansabella cf. S. bella Scott, 1942 (p. G8) . 

26-28. Dorsal, right, and left views of carapace. Figured specimen USNM 178577. Amsden Formation, Wyoming, USGS loc. 18788-PC. 

29-31. Sansabella amplectans Roundy, 1926 (p. G8). 

29-31. Dorsal, right, and left views of lectotype, USNM 119286. Marble Falls Limestone, San Saba 

County, Tex. 

32-40. Sansabella rever sa Morey, 1935 ( p. G7). 

32, 33. Photograph of remnant of holotype and original illustration of right side of holotype (pl. 54, 

fig. 6), UM Os. 1027-2. 

34- 36. Right, dorsal, and left views of a carapace showing right valve overlapping left. Figured 

specimen USNM 182670. Vial with sediment labeled "Amsden Hill, Little Popo Agie," Wyoming. 

37-40. Right, dorsal, left, and ventral views of a carapace showing left valve overlapping right. 

Figured specimen USNM 182671. Same collections as above. 

41-48. Sargentina? amsdenensis (Morey, 1935) (p. G8) . 

41. Left view of holotype, original illustration (Morey, 1935, pl. 54, fig. 17). 

42-44. Right?, left?, and dorsal views of a steinkern, paralectotype, UM Os. 1028-3A. 

45. Impression of carapace glued to slide labeled "Syntypes." 

46, 47. Dorsal and right views of a corroded carapace designated as the lectotype, UM Os 1028- 3. 

Amsden Formation, Wyoming. 

48. Left view of carapace. Figured specimen USNM 182672. Vial with sediments labeled "Amsden 

Hill, Little Popo Agie." 

49-54. Sargentina allani Coryell and Johnson, 1939 ( p. G8). 

49-51. Dorsal, right, and left views of the holotype of S. allani, showing the presumed male dimorphic character in dorsal outline. 

52-54. Dorsal, right, and left views of the holotype of S. forse tti Coryell and Johnson, 1939, showing the presumed female dimorphic character in dorsal outline. Clore Limestone, Illinois. 

55-62. Sansab ella? dubia Morey, 1935 ( p. G8). 

55-58. Left, dorsal, ventral, and right views of presumed male carapace, Morey's holotype, UM Os. 

1028-2. 

59. Original illustration of the holotype, left view (Morey, 1935, pl. 54, fig. 21). 

60-62. Dorsal, ventral, and left views of a valve, presumed female. Figured specimen USNM 178578. 

Amsden Formation, Wyoming, USGS loc. 18788-PC. 
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 848-G PLATE 2 

NUFERELLA, SANSABELLA, AND SARGENTINA 
PLATE 3 

[Magnification approximately X 30, phot ographs by R. H. McKinney] 

FIGURES 1-15. Shishaella moreyi Sohn, n. sp. (p. G 12). 

1-3. Left, right, and dorsal views of young growth stage. Paratype USNM 178579. 

4-6. Left, dorsal, and right views of slightly larger growth stage. Paratype USNM 178580. 

7- 9. Dorsal, right, and left views of still larger growth stage. Par atype USNM 178581. 

10-12. Dorsal, right, and left views of still larger growth stage (presumed male) . Para type USNM 

178587. 

13-15. Right, dorsal, and left views of a broken carapace, presumed female. Holotype USNM 178627. 

Amsden Formation, Wyoming (colin. 117). 

16- 18. Glyptopleura multicostata Morey, 1935 (p. Gll). 

16- 17. Right view of exfoliated carapace, holotype, and inside of part of the carapace adhering to 

slide, UM Os. 1026-4. 

18. Original illustr ation of the holotype. Amsden Formation, Wyoming. 

19, 20. Glyptopleurites cf. G. windfieldi Scott, 1942 (p. G12). 

19. Lateral view of left valve, female. 

20. Lateral view of a fragment of a right valve, male. Figured specimens USNM 178628, 178629. 

Amsden Formation, Wyoming (colln.ll7). 

21-28. Glyptopleurites tyri Coryell and Johnson, 1939 ( p. G 12 ) . 

21- 24. Right, ventral, left, and dorsal views of holotype. 

25- 28. Right, left, dorsal, and ventral views of carapace, paratype. Clore Limestone, Illinois. 

29-32. Acratia? disjuncta Morey, 1935 (p. G15) . 

Right, ventral, dorsal, and left views of holotype, UM Os. 1025-2. Amsden Formation, Wyoming. 

33-39. Acratia deloi Geis, 1932 (p. G14) . 

33-35. Ventral, dorsal, and right views of carapace. 

36-39. Left, ventral, dorsal, and right views of a carapace from which shell material was removed 

by acid. Salem Limestone, Indiana, USGS loc. 12857. 

40-42. Acratia magna Delo, 1930 ( p. G 14). 

Right, ventral, and left views of holotype, USNM 81799. Well material, upper Carboniferous, Pecos 

County, Tex. 

43-45. Acratia typic.a Delo, 1930 (p. G14). 

Right, ventral, and left views of holotype, USNM 81780. Same collection as above. 

46-51. Amphissites robertsi Morey, 1935 (p. G6). 

46-48. Dorsal, left, and right views of paralectotype UM Os. 1027- 3B. Amsden Formation, Wyoming. 

49- 51. Left, right, and dorsal views of lectotype, UM Os. 1027-3A. Amsden Formation, Wyoming. 
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 848-G PLATE 3 

SHISHAELLA, GLYPTOPLEURA, GLYPTOPLEURITES, ACRATIA, AND AMPHISSITES 

1-'t U.S. GOVERNMENT PR INTING OFFI CE: 1975 0 - 585-474/ 94