Dry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 1. For the Reduction of Sulphur (99% SO x), Particles (98% PM) 2. In combination with SCR (removal of 80% NO x) easily possible 

# DryEGCS® Process Dry Exhaust Gas Cleaning SystemDry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# About us Overview
• Introduction • Primary Actions vs. Secondary Actions • The DryEGCS-Process • SummaryDry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

## Couple Systems

– Germany based engineering company with 25 years experience in the flue gas cleaning industry with all kind of today existing technologies

– More than 500 installations and commissionings of exhaust gas cleaning systems at power plants worldwide 

# About usDry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# Primary and Secondary Actions

• In principle there are two strategies available in order to minimize SOx emissions:

– Reduction of the sulphur content of the fuel ( Primary Action )

– Application of Desulphurization Plants on board ( Secondary Action )Dry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# Primary Action
• Lowering the sulphur content of the fuel from 0,5 % to 0,1 %

– Oil industry declares costs in excess of 150 Bill $

– Time frame app. 10 to 25 years

– Price increase and supply shortage as a consecquence

– Increase of CO 2 

### -Emission app. 10 % Does it makes sense to invest in a low-value product?Dry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# Secondary Action
• Installation of an Exhaust Gas Cleaning System • Dry Scrubber (Chemisorption with Ca(OH) 2 

### (lime) or NaHCO 3 

### (sodium bicarbonate)Dry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# Flow ChartFlow Chart DryEGCS ® - Dry Exhaust Gas Cleaning system (SOx removal)

optional combination with SCR (NOx removal)Dry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# Flow ChartFlow ChartDry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# Flow ChartFlow Chart DryEGCS ® - Dry Exhaust Gas Cleaning system (SOx removal)

optional combination with SCR (NOx removal)Dry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# Flow ChartFlow Chart DryEGCS ® - Dry Exhaust Gas Cleaning system (SOx removal)

optional combination with SCR (NOx removal)Dry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# Flow ChartFlow Chart DryEGCS ® - Dry Exhaust Gas Cleaning system (SOx removal)

optional combination with SCR (NOx removal)Dry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

### Calcium Hydroxide Granulate

• The calcium hydroxide is utilized in the form of a granulate or pellets (spherical form) • Diameter 2 mm – 8 mm • Bulk density 800 kg/m3

• BET-Surface 4 mm = 18 – 20 m2/g 

# AbsorbentAbsorbent MaterialMaterialDry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

## • Proven processes for the desulphurization of exhaust gases are based on absorptive processes

• Absortive materials are: calcium carbonate [CaCO 3 

## ], burnt lime [CaO], hydrated lime [Ca(OH) 2 

## ] 

# Dry DesulphurizationDesulphurization ProcessesProcessesDry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

## • The DryEGCS ® 

## Process is based on a technology known in land-based applications as “Chemisorption” • Calcium hydroxide reacts with SO 2 

## and SO 3 

## Ca(OH) 2 

## + SO 2 

## → Ca SO 3 

## + H 2

## O Ca(OH) 2 

## + SO 2 

## + 1⁄2 O 2 

## → Ca SO 4 

## + H 2

## O Ca(OH) 2 

## + SO 3 

## + H 2

## O → CaSO4 

## + 2 H 2

## O 

# The DryEGCS ® 

# Process Calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 

### ) = 

## G Y P S U MDry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

## • Capacity of the granulate is used max 60% in temperature range of 410°F to 824 °F (210°C to 440 °C) • Rest of capacity will be used by the power plant industry • Steel industry • Cement industry • Waste incinerators 

## • Use as a Fertilizer Reusable, exploitable residues and cost free disposal! 

# The DryEGCS ® 

# - Solids disposaldisposalDry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# LogisticLogistic of GranulateGranulate - SupplyDry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# LogisticLogistic of GranulateGranulate - RecyclingRecyclingDry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# SelectedSelected CatalyticCatalytic ReductionReduction - DeNOxDry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# The DryEGCS ® 

# Process

DryEGCS® Pilot-Installation on MS Timbus MAK 3,6 MW at October 26, 2009Dry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# Design MSDesign MS TimbusDry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# Design ProposalProposal Screw Conveyor Granulate Silo Reactor

Discharge System FanDry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# Design MSDesign MS TimbusDry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# Design MSDesign MS TimbusDry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# Test results by Germanischer LloydGermanischer Lloyd 1, 0 % Sulphur Fuel Oil 0,1 % Sulphur Fuel Oil 1,20 % 1,26 % 1,55 % 1,78 %Dry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems GL certified since April 27, 2010Dry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# Summary 1. Robust system and low maintenance cost 2. Long-term proven system 3. No corrosion of donwstream installed exhaust gas components 4. No aerosol formation 5. Exploitable residues 6. Installation of a small sized SCR without reheating 7. Combined particle precepitation 8. No examination of the sewage quality required 9. Very low energy consumption 

### 10. No transmission of pollutants from the atmosphere into the hydrosphere but total removal from the biosphere!Dry EGCSDry EGCS ® is a trademarktrademark of Couple Systems 

# Thank you very much for your

attention!