12

25”

Jewel Ann claims

LEGEND

Roods

AU

| a] Shoft
EERE iobase
==

Dip ond strike of tungsten
mineralization.

Limestone
ZED Granite
Pw Pee Wee

3M Three Musketeers

FIGURE 2. - Claim Map, Three Musketeers Area, Yuma County, Ariz.


33

Tamarack Group

The Tamarack group of 10 unpatented lode claims is in secs. 15, 16, 21,
and 22, T. 7 N., R. 3 W., in the north-central part of Maricopa County at an
altitude of 2,600 feet. The property is 3.4 miles northerly, by road, from
U. S. Highway 60-70 at Morristown on the Castle Hot Springs Road to a road
fork, 0.4 mile northwesterly to another fork, right 3.6 miles northerly to
another fork, and right 0.4 mile northerly to the central part of the claims
(fig. 11).

° 1 2 3 4 5
You a en |
p09; :
Marigee Coun Scale — Miles
Pa
re
WIQKENBURG OUnty —

INDEX OF DEPOSITS

Homestoke
Buckeye
Tomarack

MORRISTOWN

gee

To Phoenix
FIGURE 11. - Tungsten Deposits Northeast of Morristown, Maricopa County, Ariz.

D. G. McMillan relocated these claims in 1941 and owns them today. Be-
fore McMillan's relocation the claims were worked on meager gold showings.

There has been no production of tungsten, and the small production of gold is
unknown.

The workings on the property consist of two inclined, inaccessible shafts,
each probably 75 feet deep, and numerous shallow prospect shafts and opencuts.

On the Tamarack claims schist and narrow beds of limestone have been in-
truded by medium-grained, light-gray granite and high-feldspar pegmatite dikes.


29

The Evening Star property has been worked for a number of years on gold
showings. The production of gold is unknown, but it was small, The property
was relocated May 5, 1956, by Bill Wayt, Walter E. Parker, and H. E. Linder.

Most of the workings are confined to the Evening Star claim and comprise
six or seven inaccessible shafts, 10 to 40 feet deep, an adit 115 feet long
with a 40-foot raise and a 10-foot winze, and several shallow trenches and
prospect pits.

Rhyolite and pegmatitic dikes cut highly metamorphosed sediments of
schists and shales on these claims.

Very fine, sparse scheelite occurs in fractures and fissures through
schist. The best showing is in the upper part of a fault, which strikes east
and dips 35° N. The upper 12 inches have quartz with sparse scheelite and the
lower 3 feet quartz with much hematite and limonite, some massive. This occur-
rence is exposed for about 50 feet along the strike; it is about 4 feet wide
and extends about 35 feet downdip.

There has been no tungsten production from the property, and it is doubt-
ful if a tungsten ore could be handpicked that would carry more than 0.4 per-
cent W03.

Gold Reef Claims

The author did not visit these tlaims. The following description is by
Dr. Eldred D. Wilson.10/

The Gold Reef unpatented claims, held in 1941 by H. Knowles and
R. Young, are in T. 4 S., R. 22 W., in the Trigo Mountains. They are
accessible by 3-1/2 miles of trail from Knowles camp, on the Colorado
River, or by a shorter trail from the Silver District road.

These mountains, although of relatively low altitude, are very
rugged and arid. In the vicinity of the Gold Reef claims they are
made up of brownish quartz-sericite schist, intruded by rhyolitic
and aplitic dikes that may be related to a granitoid stock cropping
out about a mile farther north. The schist strikes N. 35° E. and
dips 30° NW.

The principal vein occurs within a fault fissure that strikes
N. 55° W., dips 80° S., and is traceable on the surface intermittently
for about 500 feet. As shown in shallow prospect pits, it consists
of irregular masses of sheared grayish-white quartz from less than
an inch to 2 feet wide. The quartz contains scattered particles of
limonite, hematite, and scheelite. A little scheelite also occurs
in the adjacent wall rock, which shows sericitic alteration.

10/ Wilson, E. D., Tungsten Deposits of Arizona: Arizona Bureau of Mines
Bull. 148, 1941, p. 21.


38

of 3,000 feet, The property, by road from Cavecreek, is 27 miles north of
Phoenix, 0.4 mile westerly and 1.0 mile northerly to a road fork, right 3.5
miles northeasterly to the Sierra Vista guest ranch, and left at the barn and
northeasterly about 1,25 miles to the mine (fig. 13).

Tonto NATIONAL

t
Gold Cliff mine

x
FOREST

To Bartlett Reservoir

(e) 1 2 3 4 5
a cs |
Scale _ Miles

To Phoenix
FIGURE 13. - Gold Cliff Group, Maricopa County, Ariz.

A padlocked cable across the road prevented the author from examining
these claims; however, several engineers had visited the property, and the
following is quoted from one of their reports .=<

The northeastern portion of this property contains quartz veins
from which, for many years, gold ore has been mined intermittently and

concentrated in a stamp-gravity mill.

12/ Wilson, E. D., Tungsten Deposits of Arizona: Arizona Bureau of Mines

Bull. 148, 1941, p. 26.


assay more than 1 percent WO3. Some of the quartz fissures are 3 or 4 feet
wide, but they do not seem to carry scheelite where they are wide. The quartz
does contain low-grade galena and chalcopyrite, but it seems not to occur with
the scheelite.

No tungsten ore has been produced from the property.
Blue Eagle and Four Winds Claims

The Blue Eagle group of nine unpatented lode claims lies in secs. 19 and
20, T. 5N., R. 12 W., and the Four Winds group of two unpatented claims lies
in sec. 18, T. 5N., R. 12 W. The claims are in the extreme western end of
the Harquahala Mountains at an altitude of about 2,000 feet. The central
part of the Blue Eagle claims is reached by driving southeast from Salome on
the Buckeye Road for 4.5 miles to a graded road going northeast and, on this
road, 1.5 miles to the workings (fig. 1).

These claims probably were worked in the early 1900's on gold showings.
In 1933 Geo. W. and Annie E. Campbell relocated a few claims and in 1937
located additional claims. Nineteen carloads of gold ore containing 98 per-
cent Si02 were shipped from the property between 1937 and 1944. In 1944
F.M. Stephens, a mining engineer from Tucson, discovered scheelite on the
property. About 1,000 units of WO3 has been produced since that time. Con-
centrates have averaged 70 percent WO3. There has been a total gross gold
and tungsten production of about $165,000 from the property, according to
George Campbell.

The workings consist of numerous shallow opencuts, trenches, adits, and
prospect shafts. The deepest workings are on the Four Winds claim in sec-
tion 18, where a shaft had been sunk about 60 feet.

Schist, gneiss after quartz diorite, and quartzite predominate in this
area. The micaceous schist is perhaps of Precambrian age.

Nearly pure scheelite occurs as stringers and blebs in schist and gneiss.
Narrow, discontinuous seams of nearly pure scheelite occur along cleavage in
the schist, as well as in fractures through schist and gneiss. The scheelite
is associated with quartz, which, in addition to scheelite, carries iron
oxides and gold.

The general strike of the schist-gneiss-quartzite series is northwest.
The mineralized fractures strike N. 15° E. to N. 70° E. and dip 30° to 40°
SE. One mineralized fracture was observed striking N. 30° W. and dipping
50° NE.

The seams of nearly pure scheelite open into sporadic, irregular pock-
ets and pods up to 3 feet in cross section. These pods assay as much as 75
percent WO,. Quartz veinlets generally lead to pods and lenses containing a

5/ Darton, N. H., A Resume of Arizona Geology: Arizona Bureau of Mines
Bull. 119, 1925, p. 223.


66

o1 2345
=
Scale —— Miles

Ltt
|

CROOK

Bonita

to
Willcox

FIGURE 28. - Black Beauty Deposit, Graham County, Ariz.

HAND FEED
DODGE -TYPE JAW CRUSHER (7"x 9")
2. TON ORE BIN
VIBRATING SCREEN, 6-MESH
- 6-MESH +6-MESH, 12"x20" ROLLS
8" BUCKET ELEVATOR

TROMMEL SCREEN, 6- MESH

+6 -MESH +6-MESH

NATIONAL

CONCENTRATING TABLE

CONCENTRATES TAILING

FIGURE 29. - Flowsheet, Black
Beauty Mill, Graham
County, Ariz.

Quartz veins with much
tourmaline formed along
fractures through the
schist. These veins strike
N. 53° E. and dip verti-
cally; strike N. 80° E.,
dip 85° SE.; strike N. 40°
W., dip 55° NE.; or strike
east and dip flatly north.
The schist strikes N. 50°
to 55° E. and dips steeply
southeast. The vein with
the heaviest mineraliza-
tion strikes N. 53° E. and
is 3 to 4 feet wide. The
scheelite is very sporadic
but is abundant locally in
masses up to 4 inches in
cross section. On the
west side of the opencut,
mineralization extends for
20 feet horizontally. The
scheelite occurs in schist
to a minor extent, adjacent
to the opencut. There is
evidence that enrichment
occurs at or near the
northeast- and northwest-
trending fractures. The
quartz, in addition to
tourmaline and scheelite,
contains clays from altered feldspars, pyrite,
and iron and manganese oxides. According to
Woodrow the quartz also contains sparse, spo-
radic beryl and lithium minerals.

FOREST

voins Hwy. 666
17 miles south of

] Sofford

At the southwest corner of the opencut is
a narrow dike of altered andesite. Lime has
been deposited on the fractures through the
andesite. This was the only formation observed
to have any amount of lime.

The zone containing the scheelite is 25 feet
wide, has been explored to a depth of 40 feet,
and can be traced on the surface for at least
200 feet. According to Woodrow, the scheelite
extends sporadically through the schist for 3
miles north of the opencut. There are irregu-
lar discontinuous veins of quartz over an area
at least one-half mile wide, but the quartz
carries no scheelite and, as a whole, is sparsely
mineralized except at the eastern edge of the
schist.


48

These claims were located in February 1951 by Jesse and Hart Mullins.

The workings on the property comprise an inaccessible 40-foot shaft, sev-
eral pits 10 feet deep, and several trenches and opencuts.

The only production from the property has been 0.5 ton of ore of a grade
estimated at 10 percent WO3, which was given as specimens to "rock hounds."

Discontinuous parallel veins of quartz cut a schist--probably Pinal
schist--conformable to the bedding cleavage. The quartz strikes N. 50° E.
and dips 75° NW. and can be traced intermittently along a strike length of
about 3,000 feet in width, ranging from a few inches to 3 feet.

The quartz carries very sparse, sporadic molybdenum-bearing scheelite,
also muscovite, chlorite, feldspar, minor amounts of copper carbonates and
silicates, and chalcocite.

Only one pocket of ore had been worked and this to a depth of only 10
feet. The ore had been removed, and the hole had caved to cover the ore in

place. According to Hart Mullins high-grade tungsten ore was in the bottom of
this hole.

7
RIOE. _-7”

| CROOK

7 NATIONAL N

wort

Elephont Butte FOREST

group

SUPERIOR

COREE

To Phoenix

To Tucson

Bs

FIGURE 16. - Elephant Butte Group, Pinal County, Ariz.


46

The outcrop of the vein can be traced for at least 600 feet northeast of
the fault, but there the quartz does not seem to contain as much tungsten min-
eralization as that south of the fault.

The quartz carries wolframite and pyrite, with minor amounts of chalcopy-
rite, galena, sphalerite, jarosite, limonite, and hematite. Only an occasional
crystal of scheelite can be found. Most of the wolframite is confined to a 10-
inch streak on the hanging wall at the surface and on the foot wall in the adit
crosscut. There are indications that enrichment occurs at or near the inter-
sections of the N. 50° E. fractures with the N. 30° to 35° E. fracture.

Rainbow Group

The Rainbow group of 12 unpatented lode claims is in sec. 12, T. 1 S.,
R. 13 E., in the Crook National Forest at an altitude of 4,600 feet. The
claims are readily accessible from Superior by driving 8.4 miles northeasterly
on U. S. Highway No. 60-70 to the Clark Ranch Road, and northerly 0.4 mile to
the Clark Ranch, shown on the Pinal Ranch quadrangle, 7.5-minute series (fig.
15). The main workings are 100 yards northwest of the house.

These claims, as was the Cole Tungsten group, were worked by the partners
Faulkner and Messner. Some float was gathered from the surface of Rainbow
No. 3 claim and sold during World War I. Yulee S. Clark relocated part of the
claims as early as 1938 on sparse copper showings. Little work was done on
the tungsten occurrence until April 1953 when Clark leased the property to
John A. Morrow.

The workings on the property consist of a 100-foot shaft with 50 feet of
drift, three opencuts all 10 feet deep, and several small pits and shallow
prospect shafts.

Mineralized quartz veins through quartz monzonite carry wolframite,
scheelite, pyrite, and muscovite, with minor chalcopyrite, bornite, and molyb-
denite. The wolframite-scheelite ratio is estimated (by eye) to be 1:1. All
minerals occur in the monzonite as well as in the quartz. The veins strike
N. 70° E. to N. 45° E, with steep northwest dips. On the surface the quartz
is 1 to 2 feet wide; it is vuggy and carries much iron oxide.

Morrow sank a 100-foot shaft near the intersection of quartz fissures
striking N. 45° E. and N. 70° E. The shaft was sunk vertically into the foot-
wall, and a drift was driven on the 100-foot level to cut the vein. Unfortu-
nately the shaft had 25 to 35 feet of water when the author visited the prop-
erty in April 1958. According to Clark, an ore zone, 6 feet wide, was
penetrated on the 100-foot level, and about 30 feet of drifing was done on
the ore. The ore on the dump substantiates Clark's statement.

The quartz fissure striking N. 70° E. from the shaft has been exposed on
the surface for about 200 feet. The fissure striking S. 45° W. from the shaft
has been exposed for about 150 feet.


52

drove a short cut into an occurrence of vanadinite and scheelite near a con-
tact of the granite with shale; the contact strikes east and is nearly verti-
cal. It could not be determined if the diorite porphyry(?) dike had been
faulted at this place.

It was reported in 1942 that the old workings on the Bear Cat No. 5 claim
had some scheelite-bearing quartz on the dumps. The quartz was crystalline
and the scheelite granular, All the small pocket mined must have been milled,
as only a few scattered pieces of ore remained on the dump.

Campo Bonito Group (Maudina)

The Campo Bonito group (fig. 19) comprises 29 patented claims in secs.
17, 18, 20 and 21, T. 10 S., R. 16 E., on the northeast slope of the Santa
Catalina Mountains. The altitude ranges from 4,600 to 5,500 feet. The prop-
erty is reached from Oracle 5.2 miles southeastward on the Mount Lemmon Road,
thence 1.7 miles to Campo Bonito (fig. 17). The road, Campo Bonito, the
Maudina mine, Cody tunnel, and the Bonito mine on the Pure Gold claim are
shown on the Campo Bonito quadrangle sheet, 7.5-minute series.

The Maudina mine first was worked for gold, then intermittently for tung-
sten from 1908 to the present. In 1910 the Cody-Dyer Arizona Mining & Milling
Co. worked the Maudina as a tungsten mine. The Cody of this company was
William Cody, better known as "Buffalo Bill." The company built a small mill,
which was operated intermittently for several years. The mine was operated
under lease during 1915 and 1916. E. J. Ewing operated the property in 1916.
An estimated 50 tons of concentrates containing 60 percent W03 was produced
during this period. Production from the property was very small and spasmodic
until 1943, when E. J. Ewing discovered scheelite of commercial quantity and
quality on the Pure Gold claim,

Patent proceedings on the 29 claims were completed in 1943 by Campo
Bonito, Inc., of Milwaukee, Wis. In that year Edward H. Molson acquired a
controlling interest in the property, which he retains today. Molson and
Ewing produced from the Pure Gold claim 7,825 tons of ore containing an aver-
age 1.51 percent W03. Operations stopped in 1944, and only a very small pro-
duction has been made since. Total production from the property was 15,000
short-ton units of W03.

The workings on the Pure Gold claim consist of a 175-foot aidt, an open-
cut about 160 feet long by 30 feet wide, an inclined shaft 35 feet wide, an
inclined shaft 35 feet deep, an 88-foot adit, and two shallow shafts (fig. 20).
The Cody tunnel on the Mogul claims is 830 feet long, with four crosscuts
totaling 335 feet. An adit a short distance above the Cody tunnel is 315
feet long and has a 40-foot winze. The Maudina workings consist of a 175-
foot vertical shaft with working levels 50, 100, 150, and 175 feet deep. The
total drift footage from the shaft is about 1,000 feet. A stoped area 4 to 15
feet wide and about 50 feet long extends from the 150-foot level to the sur-
face (fig. 21).


56

These are the three principal workings on the property. In addition
there are 95 opencuts, 28 shallow shafts, 11 adits, 5 winzes, and 6 raises.

The Maudina shaft is filled with surface debris and timber to about the
135-foot level; however, the 150-foot level is open and accessible through
open stopes and raises from the surface. The Cody tunnel is caved at 600
feet, where it penetrates loose ground in the Mogul fault. The remainder
of the workings generally is accessible, although the opencuts visited by
the author contained considerable caved material. Eight diamond-drill holes
have been put down on the Pure Gold claim and its extralateral extension,

The following geological information is quoted from a previous report 20/

The principal geological feature of this area is the Mogul
fault which trends north of west across the Santa Catalina Range
and brings Paleozoic and pre-Cambrian sedimentary and metamorphic
rocks on the south into contact with pre-Cambrian granite on the
north, The general dip of this fault is from 30° to 60° S. The
fault includes many planes of movement over a wide area; the prin-
cipal zone of brecciation is about 50 feet thick where it is ex-
posed at the Pure Gold workings.

The Pure Gold ore body is localized in silicified breccia in
the principal Mogul fault zone. The ore body appears to dip with
the fault about 40° to 50° S. The ore zone ranges from 5 to 40
feet in width at the surface where it is exposed for a length of
about 200 feet. It may continue under alluvium to the south and
connect with a mineralized breccia exposed near the portal of the
lower adit on the Morning Star property.

The 120-foot adit barely reached the downward extension of the
mineralized zone, 50 feet below the level of the open cut----. Only
a trace of scheelite appears under ultraviolet light in the face of
the adit, and samples taken by B. R. Frisbie of the Reconstruction
Finance Corporation contained only 0.14 and 0.05 percent of WO03.
The adit, however, does not penetrate the mineralized zone far
enough to permit adequate sampling on this level.

Both the Pure Gold and Morning Star tungsten deposits occur in Escabrosa
limestone, which was identified by A. A. Stoyanow.21/

In 1944 the Morning Star Mining Co., which was mining on the extension
of the Pure Gold vein on the Morning Star claim, brought an extralateral-
rights suit against Molson. Extralateral rights were granted to the Pure Gold
claim to the extent shown on figure 20.

20/ Maudina and Morning Star Tungsten Mines, Pinal County, Arizona: Geol.
Survey Strategic Minerals Investigation, July 1944, 2 sheets.

21/ Ludden, R. W., Jr., Geology of the Campo Bonito Area, Oracle, Arizona:
Univ. of Arizona (Tucson) M. S. Thesis, 1950, p. 49.


44

According to the Arizona State Department of Mineral Resources, 5 tons of
ore taken from a dump on the property in 1942 yielded 123 pounds of concen-
trate, The concentrate contained the following:

WO3 .cececcccecccceceeeeespercent 33,1

Copper.eseeseee .do. 28
Lead....... seedo. 9.82
Gold....0.. sounces 2.53
Silver...e.oe «edo. 6.28

Wall Tungsten Claims

The author did not examine these claims. Inquiries at Ray, Ariz., dis-
closed that the claims had been purchased by the Kennecott Copper Corp., Ray
Mines Division, presumably for a dump area,

The following information comes from an old, unpublished report at the
Southwest Experiment Station: The tungsten group is on the easterly slope of
the Tortilla Mountains about 1 mile west of Sonora, Ariz. The claims can be
reached only by a steep trail from Sonora.

In 1942 the property was owned by Leo Wall, who located the ground in
that year. Wall sold his group of six tungsten claims to the Kennecott Copper
Corp. in 1956. There is no knowledge of any ore having been shipped from the
property. According to Wall, the Tungsten Nos. 1, 2, and 3 claims have been
patented,

There is a tunnel 75 feet long with a drift on a vein 40 feet long.

The prevailing country rock is granite. The ore occurs in a small feld-
spar vein, 0.2 to 0.8 foot wide for a length of about 30 feet. The strike is
approximately north-south and the dip approximately vertical.

The mineral is scheelite. There was a similar small vein, in a small
cut, several hundred feet easterly from the tunnel.

One sample of the vein material in the tunnel assayed 0.20 percent W03.
Cole Tungsten Prospect

The Cole Tungsten group of two unpatented lode claims is in sec. 12, T.
1S., R. 13 E., in the Crook National Forest at an altitude of 4,300 feet.
The claims are accessible from Superior or Miami, From Superior, they are
8.4 miles northerly on U. S. Highway 60-70 to the Clark Ranch Road, thence
1.5 miles northerly past the Clark Ranch over a winding unimproved road to
the Tungsten claim (fig. 15). Two adits, other openings, and the access road
are shown on the Pinal Ranch-quadrangle sheet, 7.5-minute series.

These claims were worked for tungsten in 1917. Faulkner and Messner
(partners) did some prospecting on the property, known locally as the Old
Swede mine. Helen Marie Cole acquired the group in 1941 and is still the


16

southwest side of the Granite Wash Hills at an altitude of 2,000 feet. The
property by road from Hope is 9.9 miles northwest on State Highway No. 72 to
the McVay Railroad crossing, 1.2 miles northeast to a road fork, and left 4.4
miles northeasterly to the Pee Wee workings (figs. 1 and 2).

The claims were located originally in 1952 by the McVay Mining Co. as the
Oliver claims, The ground became delinquent in 1955, and L. C, Huthmacher
and James Dilts staked out the two Pee Wee claims over some of the better tung-
sten showings. The McVay Mining Co. made no production, but Huthmacher pro-
duced 3,237 pounds of concentrates at an average grade of 71.56 percent W03 to
January 1958.

The workings on the property consist of three shallow shafts less than 20
feet deep, two adits about 30 feet long, and numerous small opencuts and
trenches,

Sparse, sporadic scheelite occurs as grains, pods, and crystals in quartz
veinlets, 2 to 18 inches wide, which cut a light-colored medium-grained biotite
granite. The scheelite seems to be concentrated near the endline between the
two claims,

The granite is overlain by schist and marbleizedlimestone. In places
the limestone is in direct contact with the granite. Such a limestone-granite
contact lies immediately west of the main workings on the Pee Wee No. 2, The
ages of the schist, limestone, and granite probably are Precambrian, Paleozoic,
and Mesozoic, respectively.

The schist and limestone, and the granite near its contact with overlying
strata, are extensively fractured. Quartz occupies the fractures erratically.
Four sets of fracture planes were noted striking N. 50° to 56° E., dip 50° to
70° SE.; N. 70° to 72° E., dip 50° to 60° SE.; east with south dip; and N. 80°
W., dip 55° SW. Small zones of enriched scheelite ore occur along the frac-
tures trending N. 50° E. about 3 or 4 feet southwest of the intersections of
east-west fractures. Diabase dikes occur on both claims, as shown on figure 2.

The quartz carries minor amounts of iron oxidés and willemite in addition
to the scheelite, There are trace amounts of other minerals. The only penalty
assessed against the concentrates was for a small amount of zinc. Huthmacher
said he had noticed small amounts of sphalerite in the ore.

There is some good placer material on the claims derived from erosion of
the outcrops of the quartz veinlets; Huthmacher estimates 10,000 yards, and
tests by him indicate that the gravel has as much as 9 pounds of scheelite per
yard.

The enriched lode pockets of scheelite have not been removed entirely.
Several continue downward in the shallow workings.

7/ Work cited in footnote 5, p. 6.


34

Sparse, highly sporadic scheelite occurs in a garnet-epidote rock within the
schist and in one place between schist and limestone.

On the southern part of the claims is an epidote-garnet zone, about 4
feet wide, which has been opened for 35 feet along the strike. Scheelite
float can be found for 150 feet to the west. Except for the working area,
most of the formation is covered with overburden. This occurrence lies be-
tween schist and a narrow bed of limestone about 4 feet wide. Grains of white
scheelite as large as one-half inch occur sporadically through the tactite,
which is about 4 feet wide and strikes N. 55° W. and dips 60° NE. Ore from
the cuts, examined by ultraviolet light, has an estimated 0.75 percent WO03.

About 0.5 mile northeast of the above occurrence, on the north part of
the claims, is a parallel tactite zone that can be traced on the surface for
some 700 feet. The scheelite is extremely sporadic; cuts have been made on
three of the better showings. Ore from these cuts appears to be of lower
grade than that previously described. Low-grade mineralization extends into
the schist in one place to give an overall width of 18 feet. Most of the epi-
dote and tactite along the 700-foot strike is not mineralized.

The epidote zones conform to the bedding cleavage in the schist; that is,
the schist and limestone beds also strike N. 55° W. and dip 55° to 65° NE.

There are other small occurrences of scheelite on the property, which the
writer did not examine,

Homestake Group

The Homestake group of four claims is in secs, 13 and 24, T. 7 N., R. 3
W., in the Trilby Wash drainage northeast of Morristown at an altitude of
3,100 feet. The claims, accessible by road from Morristown, are 8.3 miles
northeasterly from Morristown on the Castle Hot Springs Road to Trilby Wash,
and northerly up Trilby Wash 0.6 mile to a lower scheelite occurrence on the
west side of the wash. A second occurrence can be reached 0.8 mile up Trilby
Wash, thence left or westerly 0.8 mile to a bulldozer cut (fig. 11).

These claims apparently have been worked on meager gold showings for a
number of years. In 1949 George Cook relocated the four claims.

The workings on the tungsten occurrences consist of a dozer cut about 30
by 30 feet by an average depth of 3 feet, a shallow shaft 6 feet deep, and a
very small opencut. The extent of the workings on meager gold showings is
unknown. There has been virtually no production from the property.

The lower occurrence of scheelite--the one on the west side of Trilby
Wash--is in hornblende schist. The scheelite occurs as grains and thin
stringers in garnet and epidote. A face about 2 feet wide and 6 feet high
is exposed in an opencut. The ore, examined by ultraviolet light, was esti-
mated at more than 1 percent WO03. The bedding cleavage in the schist strikes
east and dips about 40° N.


65

By flotation of a minus-48-mesh fraction containing 64 percent of the
weight and 75 percent of the tungsten, the following results were obtained:
Based upon the fraction treated, 68.3 percent of the tungsten was recovered
in a product assaying 10.5 percent W03, or 80.7 percent was recovered in a
product assaying 4.53 percent WO3. The latter product represents a recovery
of approximately 60 percent of the tungsten content of the original tailings.

Six flotation tests were made of a minus-200-mesh fraction containing 31
percent of the weight and 62 percent of the tungsten. The concentrate assayed
5.34 to 21.35 percent WO,;. Recovery from the fraction treated ranged from 48
to 90 percent, and recovery from the original tailing sample ranged from 30 to
57 percent.

By flotation of the original tailing (all ground to minus-65-mesh) an
overall recovery of 80 percent plus was obtained in a product assaying 5 to
10 percent WO3.

The Rivera Bros. mill was estimated to-have made a 75-percent recovery
of the scheelite.

Graham County

Black Beauty Group

The Black Beauty group of three unpatented lode claims is in the SE1/4
sec. 35 and the SW1/4 sec. 36, T. 8 S., R. 22 E., near the southwest end of
the Graham (Pinaleno) Mountains at an altitude of 5,150 feet. The property,
from Bonito, is west on a graded road 5.7 miles to a trail that branches
north, 2.6 miles on this trail to a windmill and corral, westerly on the old
Cedar Spring to Camp Grant Road (shown on the Sierra Bonito Ranch quadrangle)
2.5 miles to a truck trail that branches northerly, and 0.5 mile on this
trail to the workings (fig. 28).

This property was in possession of the Lee family for many years. It
was located first in 1916 to prospect for gold and relocated later by Van
Lee, son of the original locator. Robert G. Lee and Lee Bartlett located
the property again August 5, 1946. W. L. Woodrow bought Bartlett's interest,
and later Marvin Johnston purchased the R. G. Lee interest.

The only production was made by Johnston and Woodrow in 1955. From 4.5
tons of ore, 12 short-ton units of WO was sold.

The workings on the claim consist of an opencut 12 feet wide by 15 feet
deep by 50 feet long, two smaller cuts, a shaft of unknown depth, and a
prospect trench about 150 feet long.

Precambrian schists are the host rocks for quartz veins that carry
sporadic scheelite. The schists range from brown to gray; the brown contains
much muscovite, and the gray has predominant biotite. The schist on the sur-
face is about 1 mile wide and at least 4 miles long. The scheelite mineral-
ization occurs near the eastern edge of the schist, where it contacts Pre-
cambrian granite.


CONTENTS

Summary and introduction.....cecccccccecccccvscccvscceres
Acknowledgments ..c.e.cececccerecccecccece see e cece
Description of deposits.

Yuma County......ceeeeeee

ro
Cy
Io

Maricopa County....

Saturday claims............-
Silver Queen (Bimbo) claim........ .
Blue Eagle and Four Winds claims
Gold Dyke group........
Tungsten Giant group...
Golden Jackpot claim...
Saguaro claim... eeee
Lucky No. 1 claim.........
Lone Granite Hill claims.. se eneeee
Green Hill claim...............-
Three Musketeers group......
Pee Wee claims......+....-

Ace claim.......
Trioni group.
Squaw T group.
Quartzsite tungsten mine.....

Darling mine.......
Bright Star claim
Night Hawk and White

property) ..cececeee
Breedon prospect....
Tungsten group.......-
Midnight claims.....
Evening Star group.
Gold Reef claims.
Gila Mountains..
Stetler mill....
Bouse custom mill
Huthmacher mill.

e mine (Livingsto

Tamarack group..
Homestake group..
Buckeye claim...
Tough Nut group..
Flying Saucer group.....soe..
Gold Cliff group (Golden Reef).
Tungsten Refining Co.....

WOMIYNARUONNNHE


68

APPENDIX
Assay Log
Length
Sample of cut,| WO;
No. Mine Location feet _|percent

12988 | Jack Pot......seeeeeeeees | Sec. 27, T. SN., R. 20 We 6.0 0.25

Quartzsite tungsten

mine) .
12989 do. do. 5.4 +25
12990 do. do. 3.0 +24
12991 do. do. 5.0 +04
12992 do. do. 6.0 -01
12987 | Darling........+-seeee+- | Sec. 33, T. SN., R. 20 W. a@/) +23
12986 | White Dike.............. | Sec. 36, T. 3N., R. 18 W. a) 01

(Livingstone property) .
12993 | Three Musketeers........ | Secs. 24, 25, T. 6 N., 16.5 67

R. 15 W.

12994 do. do. 30.0 15
12995 do. do. 7.4 01
12996 do. do. 7.0 01
12997 do. do. a/) +04
12998 do. do. 5.0 03
12999 do. do. 17.0 +29
12864 | Rainbow......s-eseeeee- | Sec. 12, T. 1S., R. 13 EL ah) 08
12865 do. do. @a/) +25
12866 do. do. a) 06

1/ Grab sample.

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1959 0529970


67

There was considerable equipment on the property when it was visited.
In addition to the equipment shown on the mill flowsheet (fig. 29) the fol-
lowing equipment was noted: A 37.5-kw. generator, powered by a 6-cylinder
diesel engine; a feeder belt, 8 inches wide with an electromagnetic pulley;
a 7.5-kw. pulley; a 7.5-kw. generator, powered by a gasoline engine; a 2-
cell Pan American jig, 42 by 42 inches; a horizontal Gardner compressor,
7 by 6 inches and a 10- by 6-foot-diameter water tank.




27

According to Jones :8/

At the south end of the Kofa Mountains, between the North Star
and King of Arizona mines, highly metamorphosed sediments crop out
at the base of the lava flows and are the principal rocks of a small
ridge between these two points. A dark pyritiferous metamorphosed
shale or slate forms the footwall of the North Star vein, and medium-
grained quartzose biotite schists crop out on the ridge. Some irregu-
lar intrusions of pegmatite occur in these schists.

The bedding cleavage strikes N. 50° W. and dips 38° NE. The schist is

cut by east-, northwest-, and northeast-trending fractures and fissures.

Many fissures are filled with discontinuous quartz. A fault striking S. 52°
E. and dipping 81° SW. contains both quartz and schist, which contain narrow
stringers, pods, and small grains of scheelite in widths ranging from 1 to 7
feet. About 100 feet of the vein has been exposed along the strike. The
vein is covered with alluvium in many places, but in all probability the vein
is continuous to the west endline of the Tungsten No. 1 claim, a distance of
about 425 feet from the west end of the exposure.

What is probably a monzonite dike has cut off the mineralization east of
the exposure. Float and a few narrow stringers of scheelite ore are east of
the dike, but they do not compare with the exposed ore west of the dike.

Settlement sheets for the sale of concentrates show a lead content of
about 0.1 percent and a phosphorus content of about 0.1 percent. The copper
content in the concentrates was 0.03 percent. The ore carries black to color-
less crystals of calcite.

In places the biotite schist carries sporadic scheelite. Hornblende
schist carrying scheelite was found in the detritus. It probably is this bed
of hornblende schist that lies south of and above the biotite schist.

Midnight Claims

The Midnight group of two unpatented lode claims is in sec. 1, R. 17 W.,
and sec. 6, R. 16 W., T. 2 S., on the south side of the Kofa Mountains, between
the King of Arizona and North Star mines, at an altitude of 1,800 feet. The
property is 53.4 miles northeasterly from Yuma on State Highway 95 to the Rob
Roy and King of Arizona Road (0.1 mile north of the stone cabin), easterly
14.7 miles to a road fork, left and northeasterly 8.1 miles to another road
fork, left and north 0.5 mile to a trail that turns easterly, and, on this
trail, 0.7 mile to the principal workings on the Midnight No. 2 claim (fig. 7).

These claims were located in the 1920's on sparse gold showings. On
August 2, 1954, W. S. Findley located two claims over scheelite showings.
Sometime later the claims were leased to A. A. Gibson, who reportedly pro-
duced about $3,000 worth of tungsten ore from the claims. The ore, as mined,
was estimated to contain 1 percent W03,according to Jack Gibson.

8/ Jones, E. L., Jr. A Reconnaissance in the Kofa Mountains, Arizona: Geol.
Survey Bull. 620, 1915, pp. 155-156.

529970 O-59—5



20 30-40

Scale

+ Sdmple No. 12995

Sample No. 12999

— Feet

LEGEND
PP shaft
4 Raise

Diobase dikes

FIGURE 3. - Plan of 65-Foot Level, Shaft 1, Three Musketeers Tungsten Prospect, Yuma County, Ariz.

€1


19

scheelite seem to occur near the contact between limestone and schist on the
eastern part of the claims. Here also is a bed of sandy limestone that car-
ries sparse, sporadic scheelite, The mineralized zone is about 20 feet wide
and can be traced on the surface for about 300 feet.

Near the crest of the mountain range narrow seams of nearly pure schee-
lite occur in the granite near the intersections of a fault zone, which
strikes N. 25° W. and dips 25° SW., with fractures striking northeast. The
scheelite here is associated with muscovite and quartz. The average width of
the seams is about 1 inch. One seam, or stringer, has been worked along the
surface for about 75 feet. A shaft has been sunk about 20 feet.

Little work has been done on the property, and the extent of mineraliza-
tion is unknown.

Quartzsite Tungsten Mine

The Quartzsite tungsten mine property, locally known as Tung Hill, con-
sists of the Jackpot group of four unpatented lode claims and the Velmaette
group of three unpatented placer claims in sec, 27, T. 5 N., R. 20 W., in the
north end of the Dome Rock Mountains at an altitude of 850 feet. The property
is reached over a desert road from Quartzsite northerly past the schoolhouse
8.4 miles from U. S. Highway 60-70, and westerly on a branch road 2.5 miles
to the lower shaft on the claims (fig. 5).

The claims were located by Len Hogue in January 1942 and sold to the Gold
Hill Dredging Co. early in 1943. This company owns the claims today.

The workings on the property consist of two shafts, 32 and 85 feet deep,
with a connecting drift. About 310 feet of drifts with three winzes have been
driven from the two shafts. There is a stope midway on the west side of the
85-foot shaft. A raise to the surface and a winze have been driven from the
stope. Two adits, the lower S. 89° W., 443 feet from the main shaft, have
been driven 100 feet into high-grade occurrences of scheelite ore. A third,
higher adit has stopes to the surface; three raises connect the other two
adits. In addition, numerous shallow opencuts, pits, and trenches are on the
surface.

In 1943 and 1944, 53 tons of scheelite ore at an average grade of 0.435
percent WO3 was produced by the Gold Hill Dredging Co. Since that time, the
property has been leased to several different parties. Production from 1944
to 1951 is unknown; production from 1952 through 1956 was 4,000 tons averaging
0.416 percent W03.

The area is underlain by quartz-biotite schists interbedded with gneiss.
Lenticular beds of marble are present locally. Limestone beds from which the
marble was metamorphosed form prominent outcrops a short distance northwest of
the mine. The beds strike N. 30° to 50° E. and dip 20° to 30° NW. Bodies of
garnet-epidote tactite occur along the contact between the schist and lime-
stone. Irregular quartz veins, striking generally N. 70° E., cut the mineral-
ized zones. No granitic rocks are exposed in the area.

529970 O-59—4


15

Scheelite occurs as small grains and pods, up to a few inches in size, in
quartz lenses and calcareous schist. Crystalline limestone overlies the
schist, Scheelite also occurs in quartz-filled fractures in a light-colored
medium-grained biotite granite. The ages of the schist, limestone, and gran-
ite probably are Precambrian, Paleozoic, and Mesozoic, respectively .6/

The quartz lenses are discontinuous and generally conform to the regional
geologic structure. All formations are broken by four predominant sets of
fractures. Their respective strikes and dips are: N. 50° to 56° E., 50° to
70° SE.; N. 70° to 75° E., 50° to 60° SE.; E., 40° S.; and N. 80° W., 55° SW.
Nearly all the quartz lenses have one or more of the above attitudes, as do
the diabase dikes near the quartz occurrences (fig. 2). A few of the quartz
lenses have been faulted, but most tend to pinch out within short distances,
both horizontally and vertically. Parallel veins are common,

Scheelite is found as grains and pods, both in the quartz and the enclos-
ing schist. In the granite the scheelite is confined to the quartz, but much
of the quartz is barren of scheelite. Narrow veinlets of scheelite, about
one-eighth to one-half inch wide, occur in both the quartz and the schist.

The quartz is brittle and easily broken, which indicates that it has been sub-
jected to stresses after deposition. The scheelite shows little evidence of
any crushing or distortion, and this indicates the last phase of mineralization,

The ore is exceptionally free of any penalizing impurities. The nature of
the quartz, brittle and easily broken, makes the ore dressing comparatively

simple.

The author took six samples near the surface and in the vicinity of shaft
1 and one sample in the north drift of the shaft. These locations are shown on
figure 3. Table 2 shows the length of cut and the percentage of WO3 of each
sample.

TABLE 2, - Samples from area of Shaft 1,
Three Musketeers deposit

Sample No. | Length of cut, feet |W03, percent
12993 16.5 0.67
12994 30.0 15
12995 7.4 <.01
12996 7.0 OL
12997 q@/) 204
12998 5.0 03
12999 17.0 229

1/ Grab from dump.
Pee Wee Claims

The Pee Wee group of two claims adjoins the Three Musketeers property on
the northwest. The claims are in secs. 23 and 24, T. 6 N., R. 15 W., on the

6/ Work cited in footnote 5, p. 6.


28

The workings comprise a shaft 30 feet deep, an opencut 18 feet long by 4
feet wide by 10 feet deep, and several shallow prospect holes and trenches.

According to Jones:2/

At the south end of the Kofa Mountains, between the North Star
and King of Arizona mines, highly metamorphosed sediments crop out at
the base of the lava flows and are the principal rocks of a small
ridge between these two points. A dark pyritiferous metamorphosed
shale on slate forms the footwall of the North Star vein, and medium-
grained quartzose-biotite schists crop out on the ridge. Some irregu-
lar intrusions of pegmatite occur in these schists.

Bedding cleavage in the schist strikes N. 50° W. and dips 38° NE. The
schist is cut by sets of fractures and fissures, which trend east, northwest,
and northeast, Many of the fissures are filled with discontinuous quartz. A
fault striking N. 53° W. and dipping 77° SW. is filled with quartz, which car-
ries stringers, pods, and small grains of scheelite. The quartz ranges in
width from 6 inches to 4 feet. The quartz vein is exposed continuously along
the strike for 100 feet in the vicinity of the shaft; it has been exposed in
five other places east of the shaft and seems to continue east from the east
endline of the Midnight No. 2 claim for approximately 1,100 feet. The same
vein seems to extend east into the adjoining Tungsten No. 1 claim for approxi-
mately 525 feet. The scheelite mineralization is sporadic throughout the
quartz on the Midnight claims,

West of the shaft are numerous discontinuous quartz lenses, all fitting
into the pattern of fractures and fissures previously described. Sparse,
sporadic scheelite mineralization is scattered throughout the quartz, but much
of the quartz is barren. The quartz carries some stains of iron and manganese.

Several dikes of probable monzonite composition have intruded the schist.
The dikes strike generally northeast. They have visible displacements along
fault planes west of the shaft.

The biotite schist carries a minor amount of scheelite, and a hornblende
schist that carries scheelite was found in detrital material on the claims.
It is presumed that hornblende schist lies south of and above the biotite
schist.

Scheelite concentrates from this property probably will carry 0.1 percent
each of phosphorus and lead.

Evening Star Group

The Evening Star group of five unpatented lode claims is in the NE1/4
sec, 2, T. 2. S., R. 17 E., on the south side of the Kofa Mountains about 0.75
mile southwest of the old North Star mine at an altitude of 1,700 feet. (See
fig. 7 for road directions to the property.) Road mileages were given from
Yuma to the Midnight property, about 1 mile east,

9/ Work cited in footnote 8, p. 27.



10

Quartz lenses, a maximum of 5 feet in width, occurring along a fault
striking S. 15° W. and dipping 80° SE., carry very sparse, sporadic schee-
lite grains and masr2s up to 1 inch in size. Minor amounts of iron oxides
are in the quartz, and some muscovite and orthoclase have formed along the
extremities of the vein. The quartz lens on which the work was done can be
traced by float on the surface for about 100 feet. The host rock for the
quartz is an altered granitic type carrying some hornblende and biotite.

Lone Granite Hill Claims

Two unpatented lode claims comprise the Lone Granite Hill group. They
are in the S1/2 sec. 12, T. 5.N., R. 14 W. at an altitude of 2,000 feet. The
claims are 3.2 miles west of Salome (fig. 1).

The claims were located June 29, 1955, by Rae G. Adams. Production from
the property is unknown but is probably 10 to 15 units of W03.

Workings on the claims consist of a glory hole, 15 feet across and about
10 feet deep, on top of a lone granite hill, which protrudes about 100 feet
above the desert floor; three shallow shafts, ranging from 5 to 12 feet deep;
and several shallow pits and trenches.

Pockets of scheelite ore have been mined from the glory hole and from a
shaft at the southeast corner of the property. A quartz lens on top of the
granite hill strikes about S. 70° W. and dips 40° SE. It is surrounded by
an altered, light-color granite. The pocket of scheelite ore at the south-
east corner of the property occurred in a quartz vein a few inches to a few
feet wide, striking S. 15° W. and dipping 70° SE. The pocket occurred where
a cross fracture, striking N. 40° W. and dipping 65° SW., cuts the quartz.
This cross fracture is coated with copper oxides. The quartz contains vugs
with remnant iron oxides and sparse copper oxides. This concentration of
scheelite is similar in occurrence to a pocket found on the Saguaro claim in
section 11. The quartz vein can be traced on the surface for 50 feet. Out-
crops are covered with alluvium.

Narrow, discontinuous diabase dikes cut the granite on this property,
usually near the quartz veins and lenses.

Green Hill Claim

The Green Hill unpatented lode claim is in the SW1/4 sec. 7, T. 5N.,
R. 13 W., at an altitude of 2,000 feet. The claim is 2.5 miles due west
from Salome and 0.4 mile north to the workings on the property.

B. L. Gary and R. G. Adams located this claim in 1955. According to
Gary, 7 tons of scheelite ore, having a net value of $1,170, was shipped to
Stetler's mill in Quartzsite.

Workings on the property consist of an area, probably 150 feet in diam-
eter, which had been cleared by a bulldozer. There are two bulldozer pits
in the cleared area. The east pit is about 50 by 15 by 12 feet deep, and




LEGEND

oa

o
3 g
o fe} =
oO az 2 c
c o 2 § y
e z 8 ¢
2 »
5 2 = 3 8
3 ' Ky 2s
= 5 8 3S Soa
. g 5 2
2 2 g € ° o c 72
- a 2 2
gs c 8 5. OO ©» = _—€ ®
al 2° Qa xc o ° ° S N 3B N o
o c E °° o € cfOss Es Q a S og
UU o o efe2a0 2 5 5 5 8 =
i= a 3 £o Q ess = S 8 Sg g
53.0 64 or a Es fo] a wo
=A res) i
i < 0 o oO
i rf jo

MORNING STAR

2 Z OSE
SELLE
=o. 5 maf
SEESSSSSee LAS ORE
H SELEEEEESLECEDE: secs
BESCEZEE CEEEE=z

SEES ESEEEEEE 66:
ES SEE_A
eS

ZESSSSEE

SS Se
Biesscecoceeeeee .
“LZ
~~ Cectce NN
9, 806 01g

Pure Gold

Fault showing dip

150

{ele}

'

ce Contours, Diamond-drill Holes, and Workings on

50
and Morning Star Claims, Pinal County, Ariz.

FIGURE 20. - Geologica! Map Showing Surfa


The search for new occurrences of tungsten minerals was greatly stimu-
lated in this area by the Government purchasing program announced May 10,
1951, wherein the Government agreed to purchase Standard-grade tungsten con-
centrates at $63 per short-ton unit .3/° The program, with slight modifica-
tions, lasted until December 1956. An investigation was made and a report
written on all known tungsten occurrences in Arizona in 1941.4/ Yuma County
had 1 known tungsten occurrence in 1941, compared with the 26 described in
this paper. On 19 of these properties tungsten minerals were discovered
after May 1951. Wilson described only one Maricopa County deposit compared
with six described in this paper, five of which were discovered after May
1951. All tungsten occurrences in Pinal County were discovered before May
1951.

Field work for this report was done from January to June 1958.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The author acknowledges the willing cooperation of owners and operators
in aiding him to collect information concerning their properties and others
and in furnishing maps for this report. Histories of the various deposits
were procured principally from present owners and previous operators, partly
from previous publications, and from unpublished reports of mine investiga-
tions in the files at the Federal Bureau of Mines field office (Mineral
Resources) Tucson, Ariz. Information also was procured from confidential
reports to the Defense Minerals Exploration Administration (DMEA), and per-
mission to publish that information was obtained from the mine owners and
others concerned.

DESCRIPTION OF DEPOSITS

Xuma County

Tungsten-ore mining was begun in Yuma County about 1942 in mines near
Quartzsite. Several new discoveries were made during the Government pur-
chasing program from May 1951 to December 1956.

Tungsten deposits have been found in the Dome Rock, Plomosa, Harquahala,
Granite Wash, Kofa, Trigo, Gila, and Little Harquahala Mountains. Altitudes
at the various deposits range from 300 to 2,200 feet. All deposits lie in
typical southwestern desert country. Trails to the properties are generally
in fair condition. Ore transportation has been a problem, however, as there
have been no nearby markets. Water is scarce, which adds to transportation
problems, because ore must be hauled to mills near a water source. There are
now (early 1958) three small mills in the county, each set up for a certain
type of ore.

3/ A short-ton unit equals 20 pounds of tungsten trioxide (WO;) and contains
15.862 pounds of tungsten (W). A short ton of 60-percent Wo, (Standard
grade concentrates) contains 951.72 pounds of tungsten.

4/ Wilson, E. D., Tungsten Deposits of Arizona: Arizona Bureau of Mines
Bull. 148, April 1941, 54 pp.


25

limestone and quartzite. There is also gneiss in the area. The scheelite oc-
curs in small, extremely sporadic, high-grade pockets. There are indications
that the pockets occur in quartz and tourmaline at intersections of northwest-
erly and northeasterly trending fractures. The scheelite appears to be di-
rectly associated with black, massive tourmaline. Most of the quartz is barren
but carries scheelite where tourmaline is present. Crystals of scheelite were
found that contained tourmaline, and much scheelite was observed in the tour-
maline, indicating a genetic relationship. Small amounts of siderite were
found in the quartz. The tourmaline was checked for lithium and found to carry
less than 0.1 percent Lij0.

The beds strike generally east and dip about 50° S. They are cut by
numerous, discontinuous quartz veinlets from a few inches to several feet wide.
Some of the quartz has been derived from an igneous source, which does not show
in the immediate vicinity of the claims. The mineralized zone in which the
scheelite pockets occur is about 1.5 miles long and ranges from 100 to 600 feet
in width. As the small shipments indicate, the pockets generally contain less
than 1 ton of high-grade ore. Numerous faults were observed throughout the
mineralized zone.

Small amounts of copper oxides and minor amounts of silver occur on the
claims. Siderite occurs sporadically in the quartz and cuproscheelite in a
localized area. About 2 miles east lead ores have been found along the same
contact.

Because the pockets of scheelite were removed as they were found, no
samples were cut in the workings. One large grab sample of ore was taken from
a stockpile estimated to contain 1,000 tons taken from the large opencut.

This sample assayed 0.01 percent of W03 and 0.01 ounce of gold per ton (appen-
dix, 12986). Small dumps at the west shaft and at an adit driven at the east
end of the large opencut contain more scheelite than the stockpile sampled.

Breedon Prospect
The following is information from a Bureau of Mines examination in 1943:

Three unpatented lode claims were owned in 1943 by J. M. Breedon and
H. L. Richardson, of Los Angeles, Calif. The claims lie 2.5 miles westerly
from Alamo Crossing and 0.5 mile south of the Bill Williams River. Alamo
Crossing is 37 miles north from Wenden, which is on U. S. Highway 60-70.

Breedon acquired these claims about 1915 and later optioned them to a
stock company. About 500 feet of work was done in adits, shafts, drifts, and
opencuts, The property reverted to Breedon when no ore of value was found.
There has been no production from this area.

The area is underlain by basic gneiss, on which lies a thin-bedded lime-
stone intercalated with amphibole schist. These beds are overlain by more
massive limestones and shales. Seams of specular hematite along the bedding
planes are found in the thin limestone and amphibole schist beds. The hematite
zones are too small to have any economic value.


quartz. The veinlets range from a fraction of an inch to several
inches in width, and the masses from about 1/4 inch to several
inches in diameter; according to Mr. Ewing, one solid mass of
scheelite weighing 90 pounds was mined. The best ore is reported
to have occurred below the 100-foot level, in impure limestone
beneath the sandstone and quartzite of the upper workings. Some
lead carbonate and wulfenite are reported to have occurred in the
upper 50 feet of this ore shoot and in its honeycombed, siliceous
outcrop.

A few feet north of the main ore shoot on the 150-foot level,
a body of scheelite ore approximately 20 feet long by 12 feet high
and 4 feet wide was encountered. Its occurrence suggests the need
for further exploration in this fault zone.

Two gold-quartz veins cross the Campo Bonito property in the vicinity of
the Old Gold pit, and gold was found in the Cody tunnel, according to E. H.
Molson.

Morning Star Claim

The Morning Star patented claim is in secs. 17-20, T. 10 S., R. 16 E.,
on the northeast slope of the Santa Catalina Mountains at an altitude of
5,000 feet. It lies at the north end of a group of 4 patented and 13 un-
patented lode claims owned by the Y.M.C.A. of Tucson, Ariz. The claim may
be reached by automobile from Oracle 5.5 miles to the southeast on the Mount
Lemmon Road, 1.5 miles westward on the Campo Bonito Road, and 0.5 mile south-
ward to the Morning Star workings (figs. 17 and 19).

The Morning Star claim was worked first in 1913 by E. J. Ewing, who pro-
duced about 335 units of WO3. Some of the ore was relatively high grade .23/
Production during World War I is unknown. Near the end of World War I, or
shortly afterward, Mrs. Elizabeth Wood purchased the property. The Fortuna
Mining Co. (Rivera Bros.) leased the property from April 1939, to August 30,
1943. Concentrates from a small mill, consisting of a set of rolls and two
concentrating tables, were said to contain 65 to 75 percent WO3 during this
period. The Morning Star Mining Co. acquired the lease from the Fortuna
Mining Co. August 30, 1943, and operated the property through 1944 into 1945.
In 1949 Mrs. Wood deeded the property, as a memorial, to the Y.M.C.A., of
Tucson, Ariz.

In 1951 the Nikas Mining Co. leased the claim. This company obtained a
DMEA exploratory contract in July 1952, sank a 110-foot inclined shaft, and
did 205 feet of drifting and 88 feet of crosscutting on the 100-foot level.
The mine was shut down in July 1953 and subsequently subleased to several
parties.

Total production from the property exceeded 6,000 units of wo,.

23/ Work cited in footnote 22 (p. 60), p. 33.

61


63

under ultraviolet light. This zone may be a continuation of the
ore zone on the Pure Gold claims. The first 60 feet of the adit
is also in silicified limestone that contains little scheelite.

Both the Pure Gold and Morning Star tungsten deposits occur in Escabrosa
limestone, as identified by A. A. Stoyanow 22

The exploratory project in which the Government assisted was successful.
Figure 26 is an assay map of the inclined shaft workings.

Some diamond drilling has been done on the property. Figures 20 and 27
show the location and log of hole 9 on the Morning Star. The upper and lower
adits on the claim are shown also on figure 20.

This is only one of several occurrences of scheelite in faulted and
fractured zones along the Mogul fault. There is evidence that mineralization
occurs at and near the intersections of northwest- and northeast-trending
fractures.

On file at the Bureau of Mines Tucson (Ariz.) Laboratory is correspond-
ence giving results of Bureau metallurgical tests on a tailing sample from
the Rivera Bros. mill, which then consisted of a crusher, a 50-ton screen-
discharge ball mill, and two concentrating tables. The chemical character
of the sample follows:

Assay, percent
5

9
8

NrUrRO
HHWEROOR

1S
5.
6
42
-O1
05
Nil

Assay,
ounce per ton

AU. ceccccccccccccccccccccccssccces Tr.

AS rccceeee see 0.11

Examination of the tailings showed that 50 percent of the weight and
30 percent of the WO, occurred locked in plus-65-mesh sizes too coarse for
flotation. Microscopic examination indicated that the scheelite grains from
minus-48- to plus 200-mesh had quartz as inclusions. Some of the quartz
grains within this size range were coated with scheelite, and to recover the
scheelite it would be necessary to grind to minus-200-mesh.

25/ Work cited in footnote 21, p. 56.


1 ° s
2—— 0.28 2
3—— 023 7 73037
4 0.04

5 0.84

6 0.61 N

7 o.79

6 0.22 3000

9 0-13

10 tite

" tae

2 oe

13" —— 1.16

ioe 0.42

1S 0.20

© MUCK SAMPLES

4900
[os
[02
24
Hse
; L
/ "
1
er ~/| 4B00 :
e U
ls arse
* NUMBER To RIGHT OF SECTION 1S “SLUDGE ASSAY.
ow ‘0 NO CORE ASSAYS TAKEN
———
Scole — Feet
FIGURE 26. - Assay Map, 100-Foot Level, Morning Star FIGURE 27. - Drill-Hole Cross Section, Morning Star

Tungsten Mine, Pinal County, Ariz. Claim, Pinal County, Ariz.



-LEGEND—

Winze depth
_—

DB Shoft or raise ot surface ve winze unknown

@ Roise
NSN Winze
Ran
on sketched Fuoon 7637

783 Approx. altitude

we
Main Shoft

4x6
Sample No. | Length of cut | Percent WO3 SS eee
in feet Scale — Feet
1 6.0 0.01
2 5.0 0.04
3 ~3.0 0.24
4 6.0 0.25
Ey 5.4 0.25.

FIGURE 6. - Brunton Survey of Underground Workings on Jackpot Group, Gold Hill Dredging Co., Yuma County, Ariz.

(44




Fig.
19.

20.
21.
22.

23.

24.
25.
26.
27.

28.
29.

Samples from Quartzsite tungsten-mine property..
Assay results of three samples from Rainbow group....
Diamond-drill-hole information. (Campo Bonito group,

ILLUSTRATIONS (Con.)

Campo Bonito group, Oracle, Pinal County, Ariz.....
Geological map showing surface contours, diamond-
drill holes, and workings on Pure Gold and
Morning Star claims, Pinal County, Ariz..........
Longitudinal section in plane of vein, Maudina
mine, Pinal County, AriZ...ccccrceccscececccceces
Drill-hole cross section, Pure Gold claim, Pinal
County, Ariz... ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccesccce
Section through diamond-drill hole 3 at S. 36° W.,
looking northwest, Pure Gold deposit, Pinal
County, ALiZ.ccececcccceccccccccccvcercvcsceccece
Diamond-drill hole 6, Pure Gold claim, Pinal
County, ATLZ..cecccccceccvcecevcsccscecesessceces
Assay map of workings on Pure Gold claim, Pinal
County, Ariz..
Assay map, 100-foot level, Morning Star tungsten
mine, Pinal County, ArizZ..cccccccccsccccccccccces
Drill-hole cross section, Morning Star claim,
Pinal County, ArizZ....cccccccccsccccccccccccscces
Black Beauty deposit, Graham County, Ariz...o..ceee
Flowsheet, Black Beauty mill, Graham County, Ariz..

TABLES

Concentrates sold from Three Musketeers deposit......
Samples from area of shaft 1, Three Musketeers

GEPOSit cecescccccercccccccccccccsscccccccerssecece

Pinal County, Ariz.) ..ccccccccccceccccccveccsssevcs

dit

Page
53

54
55

57

58
58
59
64
64

66
66

11
15
21
47

60


iL

Appendix. .c.ccccrcccoceces

E

ene

8.

10.
ll.

12.
13.
14,
15.
16.

18.

CONTENTS (Con.)

Mammoth mines...
Tarr Property.cccccscccceces
Upshaw tungsten mines group.
Wall tungsten claims....
Cole tungsten prospect.
Rainbow group.......sseccecee
Gabitzsch-Owens tungsten group.
Elephant Butte group........see0e
Bear Cat group (Madre Del Oro).
Campo Bonito group (Maudina) .
Morning Star claim........ccccecee
Graham County.........0..
Black Beauty group

ASSAY LOG... ceccecccscsrccccccccccccscccscceccscceece

ILLUSTRATIONS

Tungsten deposits in Salome area, Yuma County, Ariz.
Claim map, Three Musketeers area, Yuma County, Ariz.
Plan of 65-foot level, shaft 1, Three Musketeers
tungsten prospect, Yuma County, ArizZ...cccscoscees
Plan at 50- and 100-foot levels, shaft 2, Three
Musketeers tungsten prospect, Yuma County, Ariz...
Tungsten deposits in vicinity of Quartzsite, Yuma
County, ALiZ.ccccccccsccccccsccccccccccsegeccssees
Brunton survey of underground workings on Jackpot
group, Gold Hill Dredging Co., Yuma County, Ariz..
Scheelite deposits in the Kofa Mountains, Yuma
County, ALiZ.cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccsccscees
Stetler mill, Quartzsite, Yuma County, Ariz. ee
Bouse custom mill, Yuma County, Ariz.....ees6
Huthmacher mill, Wenden, Yuma County, Ariz..
Tungsten deposits northeast of Morristown, Maricopa
County, ALLZ.ccccecccccerecccccccecccecesscccesece
Tungsten deposits in Wickenburg-Morristown area,
Maricopa County, Ariz..c.ccccsceccercccceccesececs
Gold Cliff group, Maricopa County, Ariz........
Upshaw tungsten mines group, Pinal County, Ariz.....
Tungsten deposits in Pinal ranch area, Pinal County,
ATLZ cece cccccccecececesscccscescaes
Elephant Butte group, Pinal County, Ariz..
Santa Catalina deposits, Pinal County, Ariz.
Bear Cat group, Pinal County, Ariz.....ecececececece



11

the other is dish-shaped, about 25 feet across and 10 feet deep at the center.
Little can be seen of the tungsten occurrences. Narrow, discontinuous quartz
veins cut an altered granitic rock. Present also are narrow, discontinuous
diabase dikes. The scheelite occurs as sparse, sporadic grains and masses as
large as 1 inch in the quartz and granitic rock. Copper oxides and stains
also occur in the quartz and along fractures through the granitic rock.

According to Gary, a 40-foot shaft, which contained both scheelite and
copper ores, was filled by the bulldozer in the east pit.

Three Musketeers Group

The Three Musketeers group of six unpatented lode claims (fig. 2) is in
secs. 24 and 25, T. 6 N., R. 15 W., on the southwest slope of the Granite Wash
Mountains at an altitude of 2,000 feet. From Hope the property is 9.9 miles
northwesterly on State Highway 72 to the McVay Railroad crossing, thence 1.2
miles northeasterly to a road fork, and then left 5.4 miles northeasterly to
the main workings on the claims (fig. 1).

The Three Musketeers scheelite deposit was found originally in November
1951 by John Brusco, John Wood, and L. C. Huthmacher. The three partners
worked the claims approximately 5 months, mining over $7,000 worth of tungsten
ore. The concentrates sold by them are shown in table 1. The ore was milled
in a small plant consisting of a crusher, a ball mill, and a concentrating
table.

TABLE 1. - Concentrates sold from Three Musketeers Deposit,
December 1951-April 1952

Ore, Concentrate, WO3,
Shipment Date tons pounds percent Net value
Liccccccccescececece | 12/4/51 1 570 73.6 $1,191.77
- - - - 1,900.00
- 10 1,523 61.4 2,688 ,74
oe 4/2/52 90 870.5 65.2 1,632.31
Total.........- : = - : 7,412.82

In February 1952 the owners gave L. A. Aplington a lease on the Three
Musketeers No. 3 claim. His production is unknown. In May 1952 Aplington
assigned his lease to A. R. Floreen and associates, of Chicago. Floreen algo
obtained leases and working agreements on the remaining five claims. Floreen
sank shaft 1 to an inclined depth of 65 feet and shaft 2 to about 110 feet.
Considerable drifting, raising, and stoping have been done from these two
shafts (figs. 3 and 4). Total production from the property was 515.79 units
of WO3.

Other workings on the property include three adits each more than 50
feet long and several shallow prospect holes, adits, opencuts, and trenches.

In 1954 or 1955 Huthmacher sold his interest in the property to Floreen.

529970 O-59—3


TUNGSTEN DEPOSITS OF YUMA, MARICOPA, PINAL,
AND GRAHAM COUNTIES, ARIZ.//

by

V. B. Dale2/

SUMMARY AND INTRODUCTION

This is one of a series of reports covering the mineral resources of the
Nation. It describes briefly most of the known tungsten deposits in Yuma,
Maricopa, Pinal, and Graham Counties, Ariz. Most of those described were
examined by the author.

An effort was made to determine the position of the various deposits by
section, township, and range and to give accurate road direction to each
property from a prominent landmark. All available maps have been used in
making these determinations, but in unsurveyed areas it was necessary to
make approximate projections of subdivisions. The township and range
numbers refer to the Gila and Salt River base and meridian.

Work was being done on only one property visited during the course of
this investigation. Only necessary annual assessment work had been done
on the majority of the properties during the past 2 years (July 1956-June
1958).

Production figures are given for each deposit, where known, and for each
county. Reserve estimates were made for the individual counties. All eleva-
tions are approximate, having been obtained by aneroid barometer.

The occurrence of tungsten minerals is sporadic and discontinuous; hence,
samples taken by conventional methods, other than bulk mining, are usually
unreliable. The appendix contains a log of all assays made during this
investigation.

Most of the deposits examined contained shallow surface workings only.
At virtually all of them the commercial tungsten ores had been removed as
they were found, leaving only marginal and low-grade material exposed.
Development workings were found in only three areas, and they were not
extensive.

1/ Work on manuscript completed February 1959.
2/ Mining engineer, Bureau of Mines, Region IIL, Tucson, Ariz.


17

Jewel Ann Group

The Jewel Ann group of four unpatented lode claims is in secs. 23-26,
T. 6N., R. 15 W. The claims adjoin the Three Musketeers group on the south-
west. From the McVay railroad crossing, the property is 1.2 miles northeast-
erly to a road fork, left northeasterly for 3.3 miles to another road fork,
and hard right southeasterly 0.8 mile to the Jewel Ann ore bin (fig. 1).

The Jewel Ann No. 1 claim was located in September 1953 by Lucas L.
Contreras, Everett V. Cohoe, and Richard Rowland. Claims 2 and 3 were located
later by the three men. The Jewel Ann No. 4 was located in April 1956 by
Contreras and Cohoe. They now (1958) are owned by Cohoe. The workings con-
sist of an opencut about 50 feet long by 15 feet wide and 20 feet deep on the
high side, an adit about 25 feet long, two small, shallow opencuts, and sev-
eral small prospect holes and trenches. The opencut is near the crest of a
steep rough hillside about 135 feet higher than the ore bin. An overhead
tramway was installed to transport the ore to the bin.

The small, narrow stringers of white, glassy quartz on this property cut
marbleized limestone. Scheelite occurs sporadically in the quartz and marble
in widths ranging from 1 to 15 feet along a strike length of about 200 feet.
The mineralized zone strikes generally N. 65° W. and appears to dip flatly
north. A hundred tons of ore with a grade estimated at 0.5 to 0.7 percent
WO3 has been removed.

Other small occurrences of tungsten deposition were observed at three
points on the claims; at two of these places sparse copper oxides were seen
along fractures in the quartz and limestone. .

The scheelite here does not seem to be associated with structure to the
same extent as on the Pee Wee and Three Musketeers properties.

There is a diabase dike a short distance west of the large opencut.
Ace Claim

The Ace unpatented lode claim is in secs, 25 and 26, T. 6 N., R. 15 W.,
about 0.25 mile southwest of the Three Musketeers group. Road directions to
this property are the same as those to the Jewel Ann group, except for the
last quarter of a mile (figs. 1 and 2).

The claim was originally the Pacho No. 2 claim located by Merrill,
Merrill and Merrill in 1952, and later, part of a group controlled by the
McVay Mining Co. It was relocated a few years later by Glenn and Bolieu,
and in October 1955 T. G. Bolieu, of Bouse, Ariz., again relocated the claim.

Nine short-ton units of WO, was produced in 1955 and 1956. The workings
consist of two shallow prospect holes.

Quartz veins strike N. 10° to 60° W., and dip 40° to 50° NE. The quartz,
which has intruded calcareous schist, is discontinuous and ranges from 1 inch
to 2.5 feet in width.


Bureau of Mines
Report of Investigations 5516

TUNGSTEN DEPOSITS OF YUMA, MARICOPA,
PINAL, AND GRAHAM COUNTIES, ARIZ.

By V. B. DALE

United States Department of the Interior—1959

| metadc38680 |



40

ferberite and copper minerals. He cites one analysis which shows the
ferberite to contain 2.20 percent of columbium-tantalum oxide.

The ore shoots, of which some as much as 2 or 3 feet wide have
been mined, clearly seem to be related to the intersections of the
fissures, as if the N. 45° E. zones were permeable structures min-
eralized by the N. 25° to 30° E, fissures. Some of the N. 45° E.
zones contain ferberite seams and replacements for tens of feet
southwest of these intersections .14/

Lemons stated that the ferberite occurred next to the footwall in lenses
containing as much as 600 pounds of nearly pure mineral. He also said that
occurrences of pure ferberite up to 8 inches wide had been mined,

Tungsten Refining Co.

The offices and separation plant of the Tungsten Refining Co., an Arizona
company, are at 2244 East Henshaw Road, Phoenix, Ariz. The company was formed
in April 1957. The separation plant was completed, and full production reached
in November 1957, The capacity of the plant is 7,500 units of W03 per month.

Both foreign and domestic tungsten concentrates are purchased, and Fila-
ment-grade concentrate is sold. Other minerals and elements also are recovered
and sold. The company will buy high-molybdenum-content concentrates and table
or jig products but no flotation concentrates. It prefers scheelite concen-
trates but will purchase wolframite concentrates under certain conditions,

About $90,000 has been invested in the chemical-separation plant and
$60,000 in the physical-separation plant, which consists of an elaborate siz-
ing plant. Physical separations are effected entirely by dry processes con-
sisting of magnetic, electrostatic, and air-gravity methods. Particle separa-
tion is entirely successful on a dry. concentrating table when the gravities of
the minerals differ by 20 percent, according to E. L. Whipple.

The Colorado Research Foundation developed the processes being used in
the chemical plant. The methods are unconventional, and concentrates contain-
ing up to 3 percent molybdenum can be processed without losing any W03 content.

There is no waste dump at this plant. All minerals associated with tung-
sten are separated and sold, including oxide, sulfide, phosphate and silicate
minerals.

When the author visited the plant in April 1958, it was working at only
20-percent capacity. The company at that time was interested in procuring a
constant supply of concentrates from domestic sources,

14/ Work cited in footnote 12 (p. 38), pp. 26-27.


SAT INDEX OF DEPOSITS

1 SAGUARO

2. LUCKY NO.I

3. LONE GRANITE HILL
4 GREEN HILL

5. BLUE EAGLE
6.

7.

8.

9.

TUNGSTEN GIANT
GOLD DYKE out 203 4°95 6 N
SQUAW T [ee me |

. PEEWEE SCALE - MILES
10. THREE MUSKETEERS

1. JEWEL ANN
12. TRIONI

@, 13. ACE
9) 14. SATURDAY
15. SILVER QUEEN
GOLDEN JACKPOT

YUMA COUNTY
MARICOPA COUNTY

To Hassayampa & Buckeye

FIGURE 1. - Tungsten Deposits in Salome Area, Yuma County, Ariz.


The predominant tungsten mineral is scheelite. It is found in four form-
ations: Gneiss, schist, limestone, and granitic rocks. Calcareous schist,
such as that found at the Jackpot, Bright Star, and other mines, is the best
host rock in Yuma County. The scheelite found in limestone and schist is
associated with epidote, and that found in the granite is associated with
quartz. The deposits are all very sporadic, and the ore generally occurs in
small pockets and lenses that usually are related to structure.

Production figures are incomplete, but it is thought that total produc-
tion from Yuma County is between 3,000 and 3,500 short-ton units of WO3.

The following shows tungsten production in Yuma County from 1951 through
1956:

Units of WO;
produced
Year: 1951. .ccccccccccccccccecccccee 145
1952.... . 576
1953.... . 441
1954. 478
1955. 379
1956. cerccsccccccccccccncccecs 674

Nearly all the ore in the deposits is amenable to simple gravity
concentration.

Measurable ore reserves are nil. Ore has been extracted as encountered,
and no exploration or development work has been done. Ore reserves of tung-
sten deposits are extremely difficult to estimate because of the unreliabil-
ity of conventional sampling methods. High-grade pockets will continue to
be found; but, judging from past production records, production from those
sources doubtless will be small. Indicated reserves in Yuma County are
about 15,500 tons at an estimated grade of 0.35 percent W03. Inferred
reserves are about 178,000 tons at an estimated grade of 0.3 percent WO03.

Saturday Claims

The Saturday group of four unpatented lode claims is in the NE1/4 sec.
31, T. 5N., R. 10 W., on the south side of the Harquahala Mountains at an
altitude of about 2,000 feet. The claims are reached by driving 13.3 miles
southeasterly from Salome on the Buckeye Road, 1.6 miles easterly to a cat-
tleguard, 4.1 miles easterly to a dim trail that turns northerly from the
road, and on this trail, 2.9 miles to the central part of the Saturday
claims (fig. 1).

Bruce Alsop located these claims in March 1956. There has been no
production from the property. The workings consist of several shallow
prospect holes and trenches, none exceeding 15 feet in depth.

The geologic setting comprises a series of schist, gneiss, and lime-
stone intruded by granite and diabase dikes.

529970 O-59—2


529970 0-59

Granite

dikes ra

Limestone
Quortzite
Sandstone
Conglomerate
Shale

SWASTIKA

JUNIPER

& diorite

POSO BUENO]

MORNING | STAR

53

LEGEND

Building

Millsite

Tramway

Roads

Drainage

Maudina mine

Pure Gold workings
Morning Star workings

Cody tunnel

Co} 500 4
Scale — Feet

TIOS — RIGE

FIGURE 19. - Campo Bonito Group, Oracle, Pinal County, Ariz.

MS 1836

HAPPY THOT
MS. 1836



36

INDEX OF DEPOSITS To

1 Flying Saucer Quartzsite
2 Tough Nut

RSW.

MORRISTOW
J |

FIGURE 12. - Tungsten Deposits in Wickenburg-Morristown Area, Maricopa County, Ariz.

The workings on the claims consist of one shaft 18 feet deep, an opencut
15 feet long, and six very old shallow shafts, The old shafts were dug many
years ago.

Sparse, sporadic scheelite occurs in and along bedding cleavage planes in
a gray to brown micaceous schist. Two parallel fractures about 50 feet apart
have been worked. The beds strike N. 80° W. and dip 74° SW.

Two lenses of ore, about 125 feet apart, have been worked for scheelite,
one on each of the two parallel fractures. The lens in the 18-foot shaft is
4 inches wide and 10 feet long, and the lens in the opencut above the shaft is
8 to 10 inches wide and 15 feet long. Handpicked ore from both places con-
tained about 8 percent W03.

The scheelite is in grains and narrow stringers through the schist. Con-
siderable quartz is present locally, with minor amounts of epidote and iron
oxides. Scheelite float can be traced sporadically on the surface for about
550 feet along the strike of the fissures.

Some work was done many years ago. Shallow shafts were sunk beside the
rhyolite and andesite dikes that cut the schist. No relationship is evident
between the dikes and the scheelite mineralization.


24

The schist is approximately 100 feet wide and runs the full length of the
claim, The bedding cleavage strikes N. 60° W., and dips 30° to 40° NE. The
schist is calcareous and contains biotite, sericite, and siderite. It is gray,
overlain by marbleized limestone and underlain by a light-color fine-grained
calcareous gneiss.

The schist has been fractured and faulted extensively. The discontinuous
quartz veinlets strike N. 40° to 50° E. and dip 38° to 45° NW. Enriched zones
occur near the intersections of the quartz veinlets with fractures trending
N. 4° to 10° W. Other fractures through the schist strike N. 10° E., S. 20°
E., and N. 40° W. There has been movement along the N. 10° E. fractures.

Glenn estimated the grade of ore from the property at 10 percent W03.
This was handpicked ore and does not represent an average grade. Much of the
area is covered with overburden, and very little work has been done on the
deposit.

Night Hawk and White Dike Mine
(Livingston Property)

There are 15 unpatented lode claims in what previously has been called
the Night Hawk and White Dike mine. There are five Night Hawk claims, five
White Dike claims, and five Colorado claims in secs. 34 and 35, T. 3 N., and
secs. 2 and 3, T. 2 N., R. 18 W., in the Plomosa Mountains, at an altitude of
1,500 feet. The property is 5.7 miles south from Quartzsite on State Highway
No. 95, 9.8 miles southeasterly on the gasoline road, and 3.0 miles northerly
to the central part of the property (fig. 5). There is another road to the
property--2.7 miles south from Quartzsite and 9.0 miles southeasterly to the
mine.

This area was worked for gold in 1943 by Mr. and Mrs. J. R. Livingston,
the present owners, who noticed a heavy white mineral that interfered with
their dry-washer operation. In May 1942 they saw specimens of scheelite and
recognized it as the interfering mineral. Subsequem,ly, the Livingstons and
Mrs. Maude Hart located 12 claims on the tungsten occurrences. Since then,
the Livingstons have acquired sole ownership of the 12 claims and staked 3
additional claims. I. D. Budd was granted an option to purchase the property
in 1945, Livingston foreclosed on his interests in 1947 and regained a clear
title. There are no accurate records of production. Livingston estimates a
production of scheelite ore and concentrates worth $10,000, all of which was
sold to ore buyers in small lots, the largest containing 1,800 pounds.
Livingston said the hand-sorted ore and concentrates contained 15 to 60 per-
cent WO3.

Workings on the property consist of three inclined shafts about 100 feet
deep, several shallow shafts less than 50 feet deep, a few short adits, an
opencut from which about 100,000 tons of rock has been removed, and numerous
shallow opencuts and pits.

White to straw-color crystals of scheelite, ranging from minute particles
to crystal masses weighing several pounds, occur in tourmaline, quartz, cal-
cite, and schist along a contact between calcareous tourmalinized schist and


41

Pinal County

Scheelite was discovered in Pinal County in 1908. There was production
from two districts during World War I. With one exception, the 11 deposits
included in this report were known before World War II.

About half of the deposits are at altitudes above 4,500 feet, where water
is ample for mining and milling and some timber is available for mining pur-
poses, There are no tungsten concentrators in the county now; however, in the
past there have been small concentrators on or near four of the deposits.

The predominant tungsten mineral is scheelite; it is found in silicated
limestones and schists and in quartz veins through granitic rocks. Wolframite
minerals predominate in one area and are found in the quartz veins cutting
quartz monzonite. The deposits are undeveloped. Development work has been
done in only one area. Measurable ore reserves were found in only one deposit,
and these were very small,

Total production has been about 21,200 short-ton units of W03; most came
from the Mogul fault area in the Santa Catalina Mountains.

Indicated and inferred Pinal County ore reserves total about 51,000 tons,
containing about 1 percent W03, and most of them are in the Mogul fault area.
There are no measurable ore reserves.

Mammoth Mines
Wilsonl5/ noted tungsten mineralization in the Mammoth mines.

According to Hess »28/ concentrates of wulfenite and vanadinite from the
Mammoth mines, 21 miles south of Winkelman, contain as much as 2 percent W03.

In 1938 the mill concentrates reportedly1Z/ contained 0.4 to 0.5 percent
WO3. No tungsten mineral has been identified in these deposits.

Tarr Property

The Tarr property was not examined by the author; tungsten was reported
by Wilson.18/

The claims, owned by M. G. Tarr, of Mammoth, Ariz., are in the north-
eastern part of the Black Hills. They are 11 miles from Mammoth by the road
that leaves the Mammoth to Winkelman Highway near the bridge, 2 miles north
of Mammoth.

15/ Work cited in footnote 12 (p. 38), p. 34.

16/ Hess, F. L., Molybdenum Deposits: Geol. Survey Bull. 761, 1924, pp. 6-7.

17/ Peterson, N. P., Geology and Ore Deposits of the Mammoth Mining Camp Area,
Pinal County, Arizona: Arizona Bureau of Mines Bull. 144, 1938, p. 43.

18/ Work cited in footnote 12 (p. 38), pp. 34-35.


23

a copper mineral. Joseph M. Treuer purchased the property in 1952. About
1955 the claims were relocated, and a small amount of work was done before the
unknowing parties discovered that the claims were patented. In 1955, 177
pounds of concentrates was sold that contained 73.69 percent WO3. The concen-
trates had phosphorus and lead contents of 0.03 percent each,

Sporadic scheelite was found in lenses in epidote deposits along a fault
contact between limestone and a dark, micaceous schist. The limestone was
marbleized extensively along the contact, and large irregular bodies of epi-
dote had formed in the schist adjacent to the contact. One deposit of schee-
lite ore has been opened up for a length of 30 feet and a depth of 15 feet.
Scheelite mineralization here is about 15 feet wide. The scheelite is concen-
trated at the intersection of the limestone-schist fault contact, which
strikes N. 50° E. and dips 40° NW., and a fault, which strikes N. 15° W. and
dips 69° SW. The scheelite occurs as straw-color to white crystals in epi-
dote, with minor amounts of quartz, calcite, and biotite.

Occasional small crystals of scheelite may be seen, both in the schist
and marble, for several hundred feet along the contact.

A grab sample of an estimated 4 tons of ore taken from the opencut as-
sayed 0.23 percent W0O3 (appendix, 12987).

Bright Star Claim

The Bright Star unpatented lode claim is in sec. 34, T. 4N., R. 18 W.,
on the west side of the Plomosa Mountains at an altitude of 1,500 feet. This
claim formerly was part of the Firestone group, discovered and located by
L. A. Aplington in October 1943. The claim is 4.6 miles east from Quartzsite
on U. S. Highway 60-70, 2.1 miles southerly on a graded road to a dim trail,
and 1.9 miles easterly on this rough truck road to a very dim turnout that
leads to the east end of the claim, a distance of 0.2 mile northerly from the
trail (fig. 5). A footpath up the side of a mountain from the end of the road
goes past all the workings.

Elmer Glenn, of Bouse, Ariz., and R. L. Fleming relocated the claim in
November 1956. Fleming sold his interest to Jim Sprinkle of Iowa. Glenn
carried high-grade ore from the claim on his back. He sold five units of W03
and has 90 pounds of concentrates in storage. Aplington sold 12 units of W03
from the property in 1955.

The workings on the property consist of three shafts about 12 feet deep,
one adit about 30 feet long, and several shallow prospect trenches and pits.

Sporadic scheelite occurs in quartz veinlets and in schist near a schist-
limestone contact. The scheelite occurs as fine grains and crystals in the
schist and quartz and as large crystals and narrow stringers associated with
the quartz. The quartz stringers through the schist range in width from a
fraction of an inch to 4 inches. In places nearly all the quartz is replaced
by scheelite; in addition, the quartz carries biotite and large amounts of
siderite. In other places it has coatings on both walls of what appears to
be pyrophyllite.


60

TABLE 5. - Diamond-drill-hole information

Elevation
Relative Collar Depth of bottom
Hole elevation,—/ | elevation, | of hole, | of hole,
No. Dip and strike feet feet feet feet
1 Vertical...cecccsoeseees 169 5,029 83 4,946
2 dO. cerca sccccececceee 187 5,047 100 4,947
3 50°, S. 36° W. . 131 4,991 57 4,944
4 Vertical... 131 4,991 54 4,937
5 dow... 117 4,977 4l 4,936
6 Horizontal, S.58° 30' W. 106 4,966 97 4,966
7 Vertical....secccesseese 165 5,025 196 4,829
8 do..s.ee rrr 182 5,042 190 4,852
9 do. eee seeeee 177 5,037 255 4,782
10 [Nee 182 5,042 155 4 887
1/ Elevation of top of pipe at southeast corner of Pure Gold claim arbi-

trarily set at 100 feet. Altitude of top of pipe is approximately
4,960 feet.

Figure 19 has been traced from a patent survey map. On it are the main
workings and the trace of the Mogul fault across the property.

The Pure Gold workings are at an altitude of 5,000 feet.

The Maudina mine is about 1 mile southeast of Campo Bonito camp at an
altitude of 4,976 feet. A tramway was constructed of 18-inch-gage track from
the Maudina shaft to a mill on Bonito Creek (fig. 19). The following descrip-
tion of the geology and the ore deposit is from a previous report .22

In this vicinity the prevailing rocks consist of eastward-dip-
ping sandstone, quartzite, impure limestone and shale of the Apache
group. Some 1,200 feet farther north is the Mogul fault which
strikes west to northwest, dips steeply southward, and brings
Apache and Paleozoic beds on the south in contact with pre-Cambrian
granite on the north. Earlier than this fault are diorite-porphyry
dikes of northward strike and eastward dip. Associated with them
in the granite area are quartz veins in which scheelite has recently
been found on claims held by E. J. Ewing. Other quartz veins in the
granite strike west to northwest.

The principal ore shoot of the Maudina mine was found in the
southern portion of a vertical fault zone that strikes parallel to
the Mogul fault. As shown by a 175-foot vertical shaft, an adit
tunnel, and several hundred feet of drifts, this ore shoot plunged
45° E. and ranged from 4 to 15 feet in width by 50 or more feet in
stope length. It has been largely stoped from its outcrop to the
175-foot level. The ore consists of scheelite veinlets and replace-
ment masses, generally free of gangue but locally associated with

22/ Wilson, E. D., Tungsten Deposits of Arizona: Arizona Bureau of Mines
Bull. 148, April 1941, pp. 32-33.




LEGEND 7
\
MS, a ore dump
BP) suart or RAISE AT SURFACE 5 Priniien,
oP 4,
RAISE " K
~ Shaft No. 2—epy Weer iyi’
---- SKETCHED LINE
AK FAULT AND DIP
50°
50 foot Level N
° 40 80
cs ce ces |
Scole - Feet

SECTION THROUGH

SHAFT _NO.2 j= 100' Level

FIGURE 4. - Plan at 50- and 100-Foot Levels, Shaft 2, Three Musketeers Tungsten Prospect, Yuma County, Ariz.

4T


51

500 100
- Feet

Scale

AN

N
iy

’
OyO 130 SYQVW

\

34119 Y3BATIS

GON LV9 uv;

|

\
JV37xVO

\

1
'
!

BEAR CAT NO. 4
American Flag wash

9 ‘ON 1V9 Yv3eE

——-

ON Lvo\uvaa

\

2 ON LVO Yv38

FIGURE 18. - Bear Cat Group, Pinal County, Ariz.


<— Morning Star 314 \ Pure Gold >

50

Dork Scale — Feet

limestone

| - Stoped

Position of hanging
wall as indicated by
DDH Nob. 7

elevation when
top of pipe ot southeast
of Pure Gold claim is 100:

‘Not assayed but all

cores show low-grade

WO3 under UVR lamp.
----—

FIGURE 23. - Section Through Diamond-Drill Hole 3 at S. 36°W., Looking Northwest,
Pure Gold Deposit; Pinal County, Ariz.

Silicitied limestone
PURE GOLD

FPetwai, Low grade WOs MORNING STAR
S\ under UVR-
~
5) /~—Y~— Gray, fractured
‘ limestone
Core 174% ZA =
Wos ZNo core
Core 180% | No sludge,very soft
WOs\ 1 Limit of extratoteral right
Core 1.94% ‘

to Pure Gold claim
LZ." _No core
No sludge

(Dark gray ~~ Hanging wall position as

~
~ liniestone,no WOs ~~ indicated by drill hole.
or Under UVR lomp

FIGURE 24. - Diamond-Drill Hole 6, Pure Gold Claim, Pinal County, Ariz.


31

Power was obtained from the Central Arizona Light & Power Co., and water
from a well at the millsite. .

Some 4,000 tons of ore from the Jackpot group of claims, at an average
grade of 0.42 percent W03, and 400 tons of custom ore were treated,

The mill stopped operating when the Government discontinued purchasing
tungsten concentrates.

Figure 8 is a flowsheet of the mill.

-T |ARSE-ORE BIN
20-TON COARS! 18-TON COARSE-ORE BIN

SCREEN

U2" x P12" E-TYPE JAW CRUSHER
= ue tue 3-1/2" x 7-1/2" DODG!

BUCKET ELEVATOR DODGE-TYPE JAW CRUSHER
(e"x 16") BUCKET ELEVATOR

20-TON GRUSHED-ORE BIN
9-TON CRUSHED-ORE BIN
12" CONVEYOR
9-18-TON STRAUB SCREENED END
ROD MILL (3'x 4') INSIDE-CLASSIFYING BALL MILL
ORE GROUND TO 35-MESH
CONCENTRATING TABLE (6'X 13")

t WILFLEY TABLE (5-W2' x 16°)
MIDOLING

CONCENTRATE MIDDLING TAILING
CONCENTRATING TABLE (4-1/2'x 12")

DEISTER TABLE
CONCENTRATE TAILING

f y
FIGURE 8. - Stetler Mill, Quartzsite, CONCENTRATE moans vanine
Yuma County, Ariz. puye
LW

[———*000GE-TYPE JAW CRUSHER (6x 6")

FIGURE 9. - Bouse Custom Mill,
BUCKET CONVEYOR
Yuma County, Ariz.
ae Bouse Custom Mill
torepees This mill is owned by J. F. Hicks and
SCREEN associates, Bouse, Ariz., and is in sec, 23,
T. 1 N., R. 17 W., about 0.5 mile north of
~6-MESH +6-mesn | Bouse. It was built to treat scheelite ore
{__J from the Jewel Ann property northwest of
CONCENTRATING TABLE (4'x 10') Vicksburg. Construction of the plant was be-

gun in February 1954 and operation in June
1954. The plant was operated 53 days and
CONCENTRATES TAILING closed down temporarily because the mines
. were involved in litigation. The plant
FIGURE 10. - Huthmacher Mill, Wenden, treated ore from six other mining properties
Yuma County, Ariz. late in September 1954,




32

The property comprises two 5-acre millsites; on one there is a well 120
feet deep and an 8,500-gallon storage tank. Power was obtained from the
Central Arizona Light & Power Co.

Approximately 105 tons of Jewel Ann ore was treated with a recovery of
82 percent of the scheelite, and 250 tons was treated from six other mines.

Figure 9 is a flowsheet of the mill.
Huthmacher Mill

L. C. Huthmacher, of Wenden, Ariz., constructed a small mill in 1955 to
concentrate high-grade scheelite ore from the Pee Wee property. The mill was
on a city lot in Wenden. City water was used, and power was provided by an
Arizona Public Service powerline and a Dodge gasoline engine.

An estimated 50 tons of ore has been treated in the mill, from which
3,237 pounds of concentrate at an average grade of 71.56 percent W03 was pro-
duced. Although small and simple, the mill does a thoroughly adequate job of
concentrating the Pee Wee ore.

Figure 10 is a flowsheet of the mill.

Maricopa County

All but one of the Maricopa County tungsten occurrences now known were
discovered during the Government purchasing program, May 1951-56. The excep-
tion is the ferberite deposit discovered about 1912 on the Gold Cliff group
north of Cave Creek.

Except for this deposit, all occurrences lie in typical southwestern
desert country. There are no concentrators in the county; however, the Tung-
sten Refining Co. operates both physical and chemical plants for refining
tungsten concentrates in Phoenix.

Scheelite is the principal tungsten mineral and, as in Yuma County, oc-
curs predominantly in fissures through schist. Powellite occurs on the Flying
Saucer claims in granitic rocks, and ferberite on the Gold Cliff group associ-
ated with both schist and granitics.

The only reported production of tungsten from Maricopa County from 1951
through 1956 is eight short-ton units from the Tough Nut claims. The total
production is thought to be 350 short-ton units of WO3, most of which came from
the Gold Cliff deposit before 1946.

There are no measured tungsten-ore reserves in the mines of Maricopa
County. The indicated ore reserves are very small; inferred reserves are on
the order of 3,400 tons at 0.2 percent WO3. No estimates of ore were made on
the Flying Saucer and Gold Cliff groups.


47

The author collected three samples from the dump at the shaft. Sample
12864 was a trench sample from the top of the dump and 12866 a grab sample
from approximately 3 feet above the toe of the dump. The two samples repre-
sent an estimated 110 tons of ore. Sample 12865 was a grab sample from an
estimated 3 to 4 tons of ore said to have come from the south drift. Assay
results are shown in table 4,

TABLE 4, - Assay results of three samples from Rainbow group

Sample No. WO3, percent Cu, percent
12864... cecrcvecccecccccecesece 0.08 0.16
12865. 025 08
12866... 00s seeeesecesssesreeess 06 13

Gabitzsch-Owens Tungsten Group

The Gabitzsch-Owens group of four unpatented lode claims, three in Pinal
County and one in Gila County, is in sec, 12, T. 1S., R. 13 E., in the Crook
National Forest at an altitude of 4,400 feet. The claims adjoin the Cole
Tungsten group on the north and east.

Little is known of the early history of these claims. Probably they were
part of the group worked by the partners Faulkner and Messner. The claims
were relocated in 1950 and 1951 by B. A. Gabitzsch and James Owens. There has
been no production from the property.

The workings comprise a 25-foot adit and about 11 shallow opencuts, none
exceeding 10 feet in depth.

This group lies between the Cole Tungsten and the Rainbow groups, and the
geology is virtually the same.

A discontinuous quartz vein cuts quartz monzonite. The vein has formed
along a pressure fracture, which strikes N. 25° to 35° E. and dips 62° NW. At
least one enriched zone formed at the intersection of the above vein with
another quartz-filled fracture, which strikes N. 70° E. and dips 64° SE. There
is minor faulting on these claims. The vein ranges in width from a few inches
to 3 or 4 feet.

The quartz is vuggy and contains considerable limonite, sporadic wolfram-
ite, and fine plates of muscovite. A minor amount of pyrite is present.
Scheelite is very scarce,

Elephant Butte Group

The Elephant Butte group of four unpatented lode claims is in sec. 24,
T. 1S., R. 10 E., at an altitude of about 2,600 feet. The claims are acces-
sible from the old Queen Creek Road: From Superior they are 4.5 miles west
on U. S. Highway 60-70 to the Queen Creek Road, right 6.0 miles to a road fork,
right 1.7 miles down Queen Creek to the Milk Ranch Road, northwestward 2.3
miles to a dim trail that turns eastward, thence 0.6 mile to a fork; and left
0.4 mile to the central part of the Elephant Butte claims (fig. 16).


20

To Porker

\

, Reservation

COLORADO /" boundary
INDIAN / |
!
wee w.
To Bouse
T
5 A mN
N 2
| wal
i: us 5 R18 W.

RESERVATION!

Zan

Quartzsite

INDEX OF DEPOSITS

1 Livingston property

2. Quartzsite (Tungsten Hill) mine

3. Darling mine

4. Bright Star claim

To Yuma

Scale — Miles

FIGURE 5. - Tungsten Deposits in Vicinity of Quartzsite, Yuma County, Ariz.


50

To Mammoth N

& Winkleman

To Tucson

mo — a —-
| American Flag
Hill——
t
CORONADO
NATIONAL |____
FOREST |
ig i.
10
Apache Ss.
PeakTM 3%
To
Mt. Lemmon
oo |
PINAL COUNTY _!
PIMA COUNTY T

INDEX OF DEPOSITS

Bear Cat group

Pure Gold claim, Campo Bonita group
Old Maudina mine, Campo Bonito group
Morning Star claim

FIGURE 17. - Santa Catalina Deposits, Pinal County, Ariz.

pun —



2
°

WBVARVSUN—

10

PXDVHAS SUT SADIHVIZABAUIASAAUND

NNM-OCOO->=PF
NAAN | ANAND
PNAN—N!ounwogn

°

59

~~ 99-9ONNN-COCOuS

PURE GOLD

24
(4.57' AT 1.56 %)

(4.90' AT 1.34%)

(4.62' AT 1.09%)

VERTICAL CHANNEL SAMPLES
FIGURE 25. - Assay Map of Workings on Pure Gold Claim, Pinal County, Ariz.

DOH-8
%®

DDOH-10

EI. 187°

MORNING STAR

Roise

Underground workings

Surface workings

Fault

Location of sample. Number shown.

Relative elevation

6S


UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Fred A. Seaton, Secretary

BUREAU OF MINES
Marling J. Ankeny, Director

This publication has been cataloged as follows:

Dale, Vernon B

Tungsten deposits of Yuma, Maricopa, Pinal, and Graham
Counties, Ariz.
Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1959.

iil, 68 p. illus, maps, tables. 26 cm. (U.S. Bureau of Mines.
Report of investigations, 5516)
Bibliographical footnotes.

1, Tungsten ores—Arizona. (Series)
TN23.U7 no. 5516 622.06173
U.S. Dept. of the Int. Library

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington 25, D.C. - Price 45 cents


39

Three claims in the southwestern portion of the group contain
the principal tungsten deposits. These deposits, well-known by 1913,
were worked during the World War (World War I) by the Pittsburg Tung-
sten Company, but figures on their production are not available....

In 1936 the property was leased to Jack Lemons, who produced more than 5
tons of ferberite concentrates in a small gravity plant. The concentrates con-
tained 60 to 67 percent W03. Lemons quit the property in 1947, and there has
been no mineral production since that time.

The property was owned in 1941 by the Gold Cliff Mining Co., and Daniel
Steele was the principal stockholder. After his death Mrs. Steele sold the
property in 1949 to Russell Talbott, her son-in-law. He obtained patents to
four claims and has retained possession of the nine remaining unpatented
claims, according to Talbott.

The workings consist of several open stopes, surface cuts, and short
adits.

Slaty to sericitic gray Precambrian schist, which strikes north-
eastward and dips northwestward at moderate angles, is intruded by a
granitic stock that crops out over an east-west length of about a mile
and a width of 1/4 to 3/4 mile. This granite has been extensively in-
vaded and altered by pegmatite. The alteration consists largely of
coarse sericite and quartz.

The area has been broken by several faults of undetermined dis-
placement. Springs important for local water supply, are associated
with some of these faults.

Two systems of fissures are prominent; one system, which strikes
N. 45° E. and dips about 65° SE. is intersected by the other, which
strikes N. 25° to 30° E. and dips about 60° SE.

The N. 45° E. fissures show extensive sericitization and silici-
fication, in places forming zones 30 feet wide. Their outcrops,
relatively resistant to erosion, are easily traceable.

The N. 25° to 30° E. fissures generally contain thin veins of
quartz up to 3 inches thick, together with iron oxide. Oxidized iron
and copper minerals are locally abundant in the walls.

Tungsten deposits are known to occur in six of the N. 45° E.
zones, of which four have been productive. The principal mineral
is ferberite, locally with auriferous pyrite, chalcopyrite, fluorite,
and minor molybdenite. In places near the surface, copper carbonates,
iron oxides, tungstite, and cuprotungstite are abundant; Hessi3/ be-
lieves that the latter mineral formed through mutual decomposition of

13/' Hess, F. L., Tungsten Minerals and Deposits: Geol. Survey Bull. 652,
1917, pp. 33, 64.


37

Flying Saucer Group

Much of the information on the Flying Saucer Group was gathered by a DMEA
team of engineers in 1953.

The Flying Saucer group of six unpatented lode claims is in sec, 12, T. 6
N., R. 6 W., in the Vulture Mountains southwest of Wickenburg at an altitude
of approximately 2,600 feet. The property is 2.6 miles west from the center
of Wickenburg on U. S. Highway 60-70 to the Vulture-mine road, south 7.8 miles
to the dim trail in a canyon bottom, that branches northwesterly from the road,
and on this trail, 0.6 mile to the eastern part of the claims (fig. 12).

The claims were owned in 1950 by J. Frank Henderson. The claims now are
owned by W. C. Kinnon of Phoenix, Ariz, The workings comprise the discovery
shafts and some trenching. There has been no production from the property.

The Flying Saucer group is in an area of medium-grained biotite granite
having a number of intrusions of later igneous rocks, which include several
kinds of porphyries and some pegmatites and irregular basic intrusives, In
some places the granite is fine grained or has been replaced largely by quartz
banding. Short and narrow quartz veins and some that are more persistent oc-
cur in a few places, These are reported by the owners to contain powellite.

The tungsten mineralization consists of powellite and scheelite, and the
deposition of these minerals does not favor any particular kind of rock. Exam-
ination of the surface at night showed great areas of brilliant fluorescence,
which included granite and all the dike rocks except a late basic dike. In
crossing from one formation to another no change is visible in the amount,
character, and intensity of the fluorescence. Powellite is more abundant than
scheelite.

On Scorpion Hill one area of intense fluorescence is 400 feet long and
has a maximum width of nearly 200 feet. There are scores of smaller showings
on the other claims of the group.

Most of the powellite and scheelite occurs as disseminations through the
rock in roughly rounded forms, which average from pinhead to marble size,
Streaks, stringers, and veinlets largely are absent.

The most puzzling features of this occurrence are the low WO3 content for
such brilliant fluorescence and the impossibility of identifying the structural
controls that limit its extent.

The eight samples cut during the investigation assayed from less than
0.01 to 0.22 percent W03. Sampling indicated that the brilliance and amount
of fluorescence were not criteria of the WO3 content of the material.

Gold Cliff Group (Golden Reef)

The Gold Cliff group of four patented and nine unpatented lode claims is
in sec, 11, T. 6 N., R. 4 E., in northeastern Maricopa County at an altitude


62

Workings on the claim comprise a 65- by 45-foot opencut (glory hole) 12
to 50 feet deep, with a stope to the west; a haulage adit leading into the
bottom of the cut; a shaft 110 feet deep on a 45° inclination, with 205 feet
of drifts and 88 feet of crosscuts; two short adits; a 20-foot shaft; and
several shallow pits (fig. 20). The inclined shaft was full of water when
the author examined the property.

Tungsten ore from the Morning Star claim has come principally from the
northeast corner of the property.

The following description is from a previous investigation .24/

The principal geologic feature of this area is the Mogul fault
which trends north of west across the Santa Catalina Range and
brings Paleozoic and pre-Cambrian sedimentary and metamorphic rocks
on the south into contact with pre-Cambrian granite on the north.
The general dip of this fault is from 30° to 60° S. The fault in-
cludes many planes of movement over a wide area; the principal zone
of brecciation is about 50 feet thick where it is exposed at the
Pure Gold workings.

Scheelite mineralization occurs in silicified zones in a small
body of limestone just south of the main fault zone. The limestone
is bordered by pink quartzite on all sides except the northeast
where it is cut off by the fault. Although the contact between the
limestone and the quartzite is nowhere exposed, it seems probable
that parts of it are faulted, especially to the south. The lime-
stone is fine-grained and locally dolomitic. In most places bed-
ding is not recognizable, but on the ridge southwest of the Pure
Gold workings traces of bedding appear to strike N. 20° W. and
dip 75° E.

All the ore produced was mined from a glory hole and some
small stopes west of the glory hole.... Scheelite in the glory
hole and stopes is erratically distributed in an irregular,
elongate body of silicified limestone that trends northeast.
Large crystals of scheelite are concentrated along two faults
which strike at right angles to each other, cutting the silici-
fied limestone.... The northwest-trending fault, along which
some postmineral movement took place, offsets the southwest-trend-
ing fault about 10 feet. Under ultraviolet light, the ore along
the fault appears in places to contain as much as 10 percent of
WO3 across widths of from 0.5 to 2.0 feet, although in most places
the grade is not over 1 percent of WO3. In the remainder of the
silicified zone, scheelite is sparsely disseminated.

A 5-foot layer of silicified limestone breccia near the por-
tal of the lower adit also contains substantial amounts of schee-
lite so fine-grained that the Wo, content is difficult to estimate

24/ Work cited in toofnote 20 (p. 56).


few tens of pounds of 10- to 30-percent scheelite ore. Pods and lenses are
widely scattered and appear to be localized at the intersections of weak frac-
tures. Other mineralized zones undoubtedly will be found and worked on the
surface, but the cost of locating mineralized zones underground will be high.
The largest lens mined was about 30 feet long, 10 inches wide, and 30 feet
deep.

The ore is concentrated simply. G. W. Campbell crushed the ore to 16-
mesh with a 6- by 6-inch crusher, a set of rolls, and a vibrating screen, and
then upgraded the scheelite to an average of 70 percent W03, with only a
Deister table.

Gold Dyke Group

The Gold Dyke group of four claims is in sec. 7, T. 4N., R. 13 W.,
unsurveyed, in the Little Harquahala Mountains at an altitude of approxi-
mately 2,300 feet. From Salome, drive 2.6 miles south to a trail that
branches westerly, and then, on this trail, 3.1 miles southwesterly to the
Gold Dyke workings (fig. 1).

These claims were worked in the early 1900's on small gold showings, but
the gold production is unknown. George W. Campbell relocated the claims in
1951 on tungsten occurrences. About 100 short-ton units of 60-percent W03
has been produced from the property.

The workings consist of several shallow opencuts, trenches, and pros-
pect shafts. No hole was seen that exceeded 15 feet in depth.

Discontinuous quartz veins, striking N. 45° W. and dipping 20° SW., cut
a medium-grained gray granite. The quartz ranges in width from a fraction
of an inch to 1.5 feet. Cross fractures, striking east and dipping flatly
south, cut the quartz veins. The quartz carries sporadic pockets of nearly
pure scheelite and minor amounts of iron and manganese oxides. The granite
is extensively fractured, and epidote is present in many fractures. Diabase
dikes, which strike northwest, also cut the granite.

The largest exposure of quartz observed was 12 to 18 inches wide and
could be traced on the surface for about 50 feet and down dip for about 20
feet. High-grade pockets of scheelite had been removed, and only sparse
mineralization remained,

Tungsten Giant Group

The Tungsten Giant group of 25 unpatented lode claims is in secs. 25 and
36, R. 14 W., and secs. 30 and 31, R. 13 W., T. 5N. The claims lie at an
approximate altitude of 2,000 feet. The property can be reached by road 2.8
miles westerly on U.S. Highway 60-70, from Salome, thence 1.0 mile southerly
on a dirt road to the main workings (fig. 1).

The claims were located by Lora and Arthur Matthews of Salome in late
1951. The ore mined from surface pockets yielded 3,349 pounds of concentrate
assaying an average 73.04 percent WO; to March 1955. The claims at present


49

Bear Cat Group (Madre Del Oro)

The Bear Cat group of eight unpatented lode claims is in sec. 8, T. 10S.,
R. 16 E., on the northeast side of the Santa Catalina Mountains at an altitude
of approximately 4,475 feet. Access is from Oracle, 4.3 miles southeasterly
on the Mount Lemmon Read from its junction with the new San Manuel Road in
Oracle to the American Flag Wash, thence 0.2 mile southwesterly up the wash
to the camp (fig. 17).

Most of the claims were located in 1938 and 1939 by E. B. Lovejoy. A
small production of tungsten is said to have been made during World War I.
Langley and Hodgkins, lessees in 1941, produced 600 pounds of concentrates
containing 64 to 67 percent W03 from a vein on the Bear Cat No. 6 claim
(fig. 18). These concentrates came from ore treated in a small, simple con-
centrator consisting of a hammer mill, a rod mill, a homemade concentrating
table, and a tailing launder fitted with bar riffles. Lovejoy sold the claims
to a man named Marshall, who in turn sold the property to a Mr. Muller. In
1946 Dr. Paul H. M. P. Brinton purchased the claims from Muller. According
to Dr. Brinton there has been no production since Lovejoy sold the property.

The principal workings are on the Bear Cat No. 6 claim and consist of a
90-foot adit with a 10-foot winze, a 40-foot adit, an opencut 50 feet long
with an underhand stope of unknown depth, and several small, shallow opencuts
and pits, The Bear Cat No. 5 claim has several caved pits, said to have been
excavated in 1917 on scheelite occurrences by a man named Castro. On the
Silver Cliff claim an adit had been driven 150 feet toward a deposit of copper
and silver with a small amount of gold. On the Madre Del Oro,which Dr. Brinton
said was worked first in 1882, are an 80-foot shaft and a 75-foot adit. Ac-
cording to Brinton, he obtained samples from a very narrow vein on this claim
that assayed as much as 100 ounces of silver per ton.

Dr. Brinton has constructed a petrographic laboratory, a hydrometallurgi-
cal laboratory, and a fire-assay laboratory--all well equipped. In addition
he has laboratory-size grinding and crushing equipment and a small laboratory
pilot plant.

On the Bear Cat No. 6 claim granite has been intruded by a diorite por-
phyry(?) dike ranging from 50 to 60 feet in width, with a 6-inch quartz vein
on the hanging wall and a vein ranging from 1 to 2 feet in width on the foot-
wall side, The wider portions of the foot-wall vein are nearly barren of
scheelite. The dike strikes N. 10° E. and dips 45° to 50° E. The hanging-
wall vein consists of coarsely crystalline milky-white quartz containing
sparse, sporadic scheelite and disseminated iron oxide and pyrite. The foot-
wall vein also carries sparse calcite that fluoresces red under ultraviolet
light. Pits have been sunk along the outcrop of the veins for an estimated
1,200 feet.

The scheelite concentrates produced in 1941 were from the hanging-wall
vein, which reportedly gave a recovery of more than 1 percent W03. While no
ore from the foot-wall vein has been treated, it is considered to have more
than 0.5 percent W03. At the north end of the mineralized zone Dr. Brinton


Surface

Main level
i] TT
| | 1
| 1, Shaft in
| It hanging wall
My
Vi 50' level J
= ia
St > |
a 1 |
\ |
f 100' level

Shoft filled to about \
this point with cave

and surface debris
May 1958

Sublevel

| 150'_ level Filled
| ~
(0) 50 100 Stope | r ~
TM~
Scale - Feet | : —
L! 175" level

FIGURE 21. - Longitudinal Section in Plane of Vein Maudina Mine, Pinal County, Ariz.

ss


About 300 feet southwest of the adit and 150 feet north of the railroad
is a shaft, 25 feet deep, containing 12 inches of finely disseminated schee-
lite in gneiss. The ore is estimated to contain 1 percent WO,. The scheelite
seems to be concentrated along a fault striking N. 70° E., dipping 60° NW.,
and intersecting fissures striking N. 20° W. and dipping 70° SW. Not more
than 15 feet of the mineralized zone has been exposed.

There has been no production from the property.
Saguaro Claim

The Saguaro unpatented lode claim is in the NE1/4 sec. 11, T. 5N.,
R. 14.W., at an altitude of 2,000 feet in the southeastern foothills of the
Granite Wash Mountains. It is 0.3 mile north on U.S. Highway 60-70, at the
west end of Salome, to a crossroad, left 2.8 miles due west along the section
lime, thence 1.8 miles northwesterly over a winding road to the workings on
the claim (fig. 1).

The claim was located July 24, 1954, by Burnett L. Gary of Salome, and
he retains ownership today. Gary estimates that he has produced tungsten ore
valued at $500 from the property.

The workings consist of two shafts, each about 10 feet deep, several
bulldozer strips, and a few shallow hand-dug pits.

Discontinuous quartz veins cut an altered granitic rock. There are
many cractures and joints in both the quartz and the granitic rock. The vein
on which most of the work has been done can be traced on the surface for about
450 feet in widths ranging from a few inches to 3.5 feet. It strikes S. 30° W.
and dips 80° SE.

Sparse, sporadic scheelite occurs throughout the quartz vein. Small con-
centrations occur at intersections of the vein with vertical fractures strik-
ing N. 45° W. The quartz also contains local concentrations of limonite and
hematite. According to Gary, samples containing as much as $14 per ton in
gold have been taken from the workings.

Lucky No. 1 Claim

The Lucky No. 1 unpatented lode claim is in the SE1/4 sec. 11, T. 5N.,
R. 14W., at an altitude of 2,000 feet in the southeastern foothills of the
Granite Wash Mountains. The property is reached 0.3 mile north on U.S. High-
way 60-70 from the west end of Salome, thence 2.8 miles west along a section
line, 1.6 miles northwesterly over a winding road, and left 0.2 mile south-
west to the workings (fig. 1).

The claim was located in October 1954 by Floyd and Kay Passey and R. D.
Lippincott. There has been no production.

Workings on the claim consist of one shaft about 12 feet deep, a small
bulldozer cut, and a few very shallow pits.


TUNGSTEN DEPOSITS OF YUMA, MARICOPA,
PINAL, AND GRAHAM COUNTIES, ARIZ.

By V. B. DALE

» «+ «+ «+  « Report of Investigations 5516

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1959


30

The author believes that this deposit lies in sec. 21, T. 4S., R. 22 W.;
however, no one could be found who had visited the deposit other than Dr.
Wilson, who took a Brunton bearing of N. 33-1/2° E. from a quarter-corner
reference (secs, 31. and 32, T. 4 S., R. 22 W.) to the deposit. It is thought
that there was a small production from this deposit in 1953, but this could
not be established conclusively.

Gila Mountains

Scheelite in epidote-garnet zones occurs in the northern part of the Gila
Mountains. The author looked at small deposits in secs. 15 and 22, T. 8S.,
R. 21 W., in a schist-gneiss-marble series. Sparse scheelite occurs in epi-
dote and in a fracture through gneiss and marble. The largest mineralized
zone observed was on the order of 20 feet long and 10 inches wide, although
epidote in zones up to 100 feet long was observed in the area. From observa-
tion with the ultraviolet lamp, it is estimated that selected ore will not
exceed 1 percent WO3.

The mineralized fracture strikes east and dips 37° S. Some cross frac-
tures strike N. 50° W. and dip 71° NE.; others strike N. 10° E. and dip nearly
vertical. The marbleized beds of limestone strike east and dip flatly south.
There is much faulting of beds in evidence here.

The only known production of tungsten from this area was by D. and J.
Mining Co., which sold about 125 pounds of tungsten concentrate. It is not
known where the ore was extracted.

Marble beds extend for at least 3 miles through the northern part of the
Gila Mountains, and they have been described in detail by Wilson.11/ He de-
scribes schist that contains small, granular and tabular masses of epidote,
and he states:

Recrystallization of the original limestone into marble was
brought about partly through regional metamorphism and partly, as
suggested by the epidote, garnet, and vesuvianite, through contact
action of the granitic intrusion.

The granite referred to contacts the metamorphic series on the south.

In all probability the sporadic scheelite mineralization extends through-
out this formation.

Stetler Mill

The Stetler mill’ is owned by Jack Stetler, of Quartzsite, Ariz. It is in
the SW1/4 sec. 28, T. 4 N., R. 19 W., about 0.75 mile south of Quartzsite.
Operation of the plant was begun in 1952, primarily to treat scheelite ore
from the Jackpot group of claims, which are about 8 miles northwest of Quartz-
site; however, some custom-ore milling has been done.

11/ Wilson, E. D., Geology and Mineral Deposits of Southern Yuma County,
Ariz.: Arizona Bureau of Mines Bull. 134, 1933, pp. 202-208.





18

Sparse, sporadic scheelite occurs in the schist and quartz. There appear
to be remnants of two small pockets near the surface, but the material is very
low grade.

Trioni Group

The Trioni group of two unpatented claims is in sec. 25, T. 6 N., R. 15
W., about 0.4 mile south of the Three Musketeers group. The property can be
reached, by road, 1.2 miles northeasterly from the McVay railroad crossing to
a road fork, left northeasterly 3.3 miles to another road fork, and hard right
southerly 1.0 mile to the Trioni No. 1 workings (figs. 1 and 2).

These claims were located originally by Wm. Snyder. He gave them to
L. B. Irwin, of Wenden. The claims apparently were forfeited, because in
October 1953 L. B. Irwin, D. M. Irwin, and Geo. W. Campbell, Jr., relocated
them. Campbell produced about 40 short-ton units of scheelite concentrates
from the property to January 1958.

There is a 20-foot shaft on the property and two shallow opencuts.

Narrow stringers of quartz, 2 to 3 inches wide, contain sporadic pockets
of scheelite ore. The stringers cut gneiss, shale, schist, and limestone.
The stringers strike N. 47° W. and dip nearly vertical. Cross fractures
strike N. 25° W. and also dip nearly vertical. The enriched zones of scheelite
ore have been removed, and only low-grade material remains.

Squaw T Group

The Squaw T group of three unpatented lode claims is in secs. 26 and 27,
T. 7 N., R. 15 W., in the extreme northwest end of the Granite Wash Mountains
at an altitude of 1,500 feet. The first claim was located in 1952. Three
other claims were located in March 1956 by Lewis Elmer, of Quartzsite. About
125 units of WO3 has been produced from the property.

The workings consist of several shallow opencuts and prospect holes not
exceeding 20 feet deep.

The area is underlain by schist and limestone. The schist is micaceous
and calcareous, and the limestone is extensively marbelized. The basement
rock is a light-gray, medium- to coarse-grained granite, which contains sparse
mafic minerals. The formations are cut by numerous dikes of diabase and
rhyolite porphyry. The diabase is fine grained, and the rhyolite contains an
appreciable amount of biotite.

Sparse, sporadic scheelite occurs in the schist, limestone, and fractures
in the granite. Wide, discontinuous barren quartz veins cut the schist and lime-
stone. The barren quartz strikes generally east and dips flatly north. The
strike of the bedding planes is erratic but appears to be generally N. 60° E.;
the dip is about 40° NW. A schist bed south of ‘and adjacent to the quartz
contains sporadic scheelite. Some of the schist wider than 2 to 3 feet is
estimated to carry 0.2 to 0.3 percent W03. Pockets or pods of high-grade




42

According to Wilson:

This eastern foothill portion of the Black Hills has been sharply
dissected by northeastward-draining ravines. The principal rock ex-
posed is fine-grained gneissic to schistose brown porphyry that has
undergone considerable hydrothermal and surface alteration. Cutting
this formation are numerous north to northeast fissures, of which some
contain quartz veins that range from thin seams to 6 inches in width.

When visited in March 1940, a small production had been made from
two shallow pits sunk on a brecciated zone several feet wide that
strikes N. 70° E. and dips about 80° SE. Its quartz stringers carry
wolframite and scheelite. A short distance farther west are six
parallel stringers of almost flat dip which show a little scheelite,
The possible intersection of them with the brecciated zone had not
been prospected.

To February 1943 the total production was 25 pounds of selected ore and
concentrates.

Upshaw Tungsten Mines Group

The Tungsten Mines group, formerly the Gold Circle, of six unpatented
lode claims is in sec. 11, T. 7 S., R. 14 E., in the south end of the Tortilla
Mountains at an altitude of 3,750 feet. The property may be reached from sev-
eral directions, as may be seen on the Winkelman-quadrangle sheet. The road
directions from Tucson are as follows: 21.4 miles north on U. S. Highway
80-89 to Oracle Junction; easterly 5 miles on State Highway 88 to an improved
dirt road; left, or northerly, 20.8 miles to the Barkerville Road; right, or
northeasterly, 4.5 miles to the Whitehead Well Road; south on the well road
2.4 miles to a pipeline road; and left, or southeasterly, on the pipeline
road 0.7 mile to the claims. A cabin and the main workings are a few hundred
feet east of the pipeline. State Highway 77 is 13.1 miles easterly on the
Barkerville Road from Whitehead Well Road (fig. 14).

The claims were located first in 1925 by C. B. Upshaw, G. E. Upshaw, and
Robert Gill and afterward were leased to several different parties. C. B.
Upshaw relocated the claims in 1941. Virtually no production has come from
the property.

The workings comprise the following: 1 inclined shaft 75 feet deep, with
50 feet of drifts; 2 vertical shafts 25 and 18 feet deep; 1 adit about 25 feet
long; and 10 shallow opencuts.

Pink porphyritic granite is cut by veinlets of quartz, which contains
sparse, sporadic scheelite, wolframite, and gold.

A short distance east of the cabin a narrow quartz vein, which strikes
N. 70° E. and dips vertically, has been opened by six shallow pits over a


26

One area in the more massive limestone shows some contact-metamorphic
material, which has a meager showing of scheelite.

Tungsten Group

The Tungsten group of two unpatented lode claims is in sec. 6, T, 2S.,
R. 16 W., on the south side of the Kofa Mountains between the King of Arizona
and North Star mines. The altitude is about 1,800 feet. The property is 53.4
miles northeasterly on State Highway 95 from Yuma to the Rob Roy and King of
Arizona Road (0.1 mile north of the stone cabin), easterly 14.7 miles to a
road fork, left northeasterly 8.1 miles to another road fork, left again, and
north 0.5 miles to a trail that turns easterly, and on this trail 1.0 miles to
the main workings on Tungsten No. 1 claim (fig. 7).

RITw. Rew]

To Quartzsite | = [Peak '

Yuma INDEX OF DEPOSITS

1 Tungsten claims
2. Midnight claims
3. Evening Stor claims

To Middle
Wells

FIGURE 7. - Scheelite Deposits in the Kofa Mountains, Yuma County, Ariz.

These claims were located in the 1920's on sparse gold showings. George
E. Meyers relocated the claims October 25, 1954, on tungsten showings. The
claims were subsequently leased to A. A. Gibson, who produced 54.4 short-ton
units of W03. The ore, as mined, was estimated to contain 1 percent W03, ac-
cording to Jack Gibson.

The workings consist of two shafts, 10 and 20 feet deep, an underhand
stope from the surface, 25 feet deep by 4 feet wide by 30 feet long, and a
few shallow prospect pits.


35

The upper occurrence of scheelite on these claims is in and along frac-
tures in hornblende gneiss. The mineralized zones strike generally N. 60° E.
and dip 45° NW. The larger of two fractures examined showed scheelite mineral-
ization about 4 inches wide for a strike length of 15 feet. Selected ore may
run as much as 2 percent W03. According to Cook, a diamond-drill hole has
been sunk vertically into the gneiss to a depth of 500 feet, and scheelite
persisted to the bottom of the hole.

Buckeye Claim

This unpatented lode claim is in sec, 24, T. 7 N., R. 3 W., in the north-
central part of Maricopa County at an altitude of approximately 3,000 feet.
The prospect is 7.9 miles northeasterly from Morristown on the Castle Hot
Springs Road to Trilby Wash, north on Trilby Wash 0.15 mile to a dim truck
trail that branches to the left, and, on this trail, northwesterly 0.8 mile
to the workings on the Buckeye claim (fig. 11).

The claim, owned by Emmet and Darrell Hamilton and Frank A. Sayre, was
located in November 1953 on sparse scheelite showings.

The workings on the claim consist of three shallow shafts (the deepest
about 20 feet), a few shallow prospect pits and trenches, and a small amount
of dozer stripping.

According to Sayre, about 3.5 units of WO3 has been produced from 2,000
pounds of ore.

Sparse, sporadic grains of scheelite occur in narrow seams, up to 12
inches wide, in a brown micaceous schist that contains local hornblende, epi-
dote, and calcite. Garnet and traces of copper oxides also occur in the
narrow seams. The scheelite mineralization can be traced for about 225 feet.
The mineralized zone conforms to the schistosity and strikes N. 83° E. and
dips 78° NW.

Andesite or diabase dikes crop out on the claim.
According to Sayre, the average grade of ore is better than 1 percent W03.
Tough Nut Group

The Tough Nut group of three unpatented lode claims is in sec. 18, T. 6
N., R. 4 W., at the easterly end of the Vulture Mountains at an altitude of
2,300 feet, The property can be reached by road, 6.5 miles west from Morris-
town on the unimproved Vulture Mine Road and southerly on a dim trail for 1.2
miles to the central part of the Tough Nut claim (fig. 12).

The claims were located in September and October 1954 by E. G. Savage and
C. J. Berry. These men produced six units of WO3 in 1954 and two units in
1955 from about 1 ton of ore mined from the Tough Nut claim, according to
Savage.


21

Sporadic scheelite mineralization occurs in the tactite and calcareous
schist where the quartz veins cut the formation. There are indications, too,
that enrichment occurs at intersections of fractures trending N. 20° W. and
EW. with quartz veins trending N. 70° E, The northwesterly trending frac-
tures dip 60° SW., and the east-west fractures about 75° N. The quartz-filled
fractures are nearly vertical. Widths of the mineralized zones normal to the
dip of the beds, both in the lower shaft workings and in the higher adit work-
ings, range from 5 to 30 feet. In the shaft workings, particularly at the
east end, can be seen numerous thin beds that have been mineralized in the
calcareous schist. Mineralization extends at least 200 feet downdip of the
beds.

The highest grade ore has come from the upper adit workings. Scheelite
masses up to 3 inches in size were observed here. The upper adit was driven
near the nose of an anticline, and pockets of high-grade ore were extracted
where quartz veins cut the schist and limestone, The extent of the mineral-
ization in the calcareous schist has not been determined. If the schist beds
are mineralized here as they are in the shaft workings below, there should be
a considerable tonnage of low-grade ore.

Scheelite float is found for about 2,000 feet along the strike of the
mineralized zone.

The author cut five samples in the upper workings. Table 3 shows the
length of cut and percentage W03 of each sample. Locations of samples are
shown in figure 6.

TABLE 3. - Samples from Quartzite tungsten mine property

Sample No. Length of cut, feet WO03, percent
1 (12992) 6.0 0.01
2 (12991) 5.0 204
3 (12990) 3.0 224
4 (12989) 5.4 «25
5_ (12988) 6.0 225

The mineralized-schist bed is estimated to carry 0.2 to 0.4 percent W03.
Darling Mine

Five patented lode claims, four called Mountain Chief, comprise the
Darling mine. The property is in secs. 28 and 33, T. 5 N., R. 20 W., on the
west slope and near the north end of the Dome Rock Mountains at an altitude
of about 950 feet. The property, from Quartzsite, is northerly on the road
past the schoolhouse 6.4 miles from U. S. Highway 60-70 to a road that
branches westerly through Boyer Gap, 3.7 miles westerly on this branch road
to a road fork, and 0.9 mile on the right or north fork over a winding trail
to the tungsten deposit on this property (fig. 5).

Little is known of the early history of the claims. It is thought that
much work was done on bodies of epidote, which apparently was thought to be


The scheelite mineralization is associated with structure. It is very
sparse and sporadic and occurs near the intersection of fractures striking
N. 20° W. and dipping 47° NE. and fractures striking N. 30° E. and dipping
42° SE. The scheelite occurs in stringers about 2 inches wide, which cut the
schistose formation. Three lenses of ore have been exposed on the property.

About 100 feet west of these occurrences is a schist-granite contact
that strikes N. 30° E. and dips 40° SE. The mineralized zone appears to
parallel the contact and is probably 20 to 40 feet wide by 500 feet long
(measurements based upon surface float). The float is very sparse and
sporadic, as are the lenses. It is doubtful if handpicked ore exposed thus
far will assay more than 1 percent WO3.

About 1,000 feet south of the scheelite occurrence is a fissure approxi-
mately 12 inches wide, which strikes N. 65° W. and dips 75° SW. The fissure
is filled with calcite, galena, fluorspar, and manganese and iron oxides.

Silver Queen (Bimbo) Claim

The Silver Queen claim is in sec. 28, T. 5 N., R. 11 W., on the south
side of the Harquahala Mountains at an altitude of 2,200 feet. The property
is 11.8 miles southeasterly from Salome on the Buckeye Road, 3.5 miles
northeasterly on a graded road to a dim trail that leads to the right, or
easterly, and then northeasterly on this trail 3.5 miles to the claims
(fig. 1).

This property has had numerous locators, probably dating back to the
1920's and 30's. The author found seven location papers on the property
dating back to 1948. The current valid location was made by George Campbell,
Jr., and Jack R. Irwin November 3, 1955. They called their claim the-Bimbo,
and discovery work was done on a narrow, scheelite-bearing quartz stringer.

Workings on the claim consist of an adit 40 feet long, five shallow
opencuts, and three inclined shafts from 10 to 20 feet deep.

Sparse, sporadic scheelite occurs in quartz filled fissures, which
strike N. 60° E. and dip 40° SW., N. 40° E., dip indeterminable, and N. 60°
W., dip 35° SW. The quartz fissures are discontinuous and occur at random
in parallel structure. The quartz is shattered and easily broken.

The quartz fissures cut a series of marbleized limestone and schist,
which in turn have been intruded by both acid and basic dikes, probably
rhyolite and diorite. Both are fine-grained rocks. The limestone is buff
on weathered surfaces and can be seen from several miles south of the moun-
tain range. The limestone is about 1.5 miles long and several hundred feet
wide. Abundant scheelite float is noted at several places along the strike
of the limestone.

On the Bimbo claim the scheelite, where exposed, occurs in quartz string-
ers as wide as 6 inches. Some mineralization has penetrated the schist and
limestone, but it is very sparse and low grade. Some of the quartz ore will


57

Six diamond-drill holes were put down on the Pure Gold claim and its ex-
tralateral extension ‘some time during 1944, and some ore was found. Hole lo-
cations are shown on figures 20, 22, 23, and 24. In 1949 the Mount Lemmon
Mining Co. drilled four additional holes and completed a sampling project.
Pertinent information obtained from holes 3 and 6 is illustrated in figures
23 and 24, and the results of sampling by the Mt. Lemmon Mining Co. are
shown on figure 25.

© Q
s Ss
KN = =
8 + | 3042 = 4, 042
© 7 | 5025
g °
5900 =
4991 N
9
¢
of
a LY
}4.00
y al 92% Hoo
s ost 141
¢ S| [Joo
8} C00 rs a
e] 99 q 4
Hoe . [1.03
02 s)
3 [}.02 ge
3 He
4900 3
LJ
4852
LI
4829
4800

First number to left of section is core assay in percent WOs.
Second number to left is pecentage core recovery- 20% at 0.30,

Number to right of section is sludge assay.

FIGURE 22. - Drill-Hole Cross Section, Pure Gold Claim, Pinal County, Ariz.




43

strike length of about 250 feet. The vein ranges from 6 to 16 inches in
width, All the pits show traces of scheelite.

EAI
Joins Hwy. 77 ‘
5.8 miles south of R

x
Winkelmon \
».

x | Upshaw tungsten
mines group

Whitehead well

°
ro
Jus
>
jo

Scale — Miles

RIE,

12.5 miles to
State Hwy. 77—

38.9 miles to Tucson

FIGURE 14. - Upshaw Tungsten Mines Group, Pinal County, Ariz.

Wilsonl9/ described another occurrence:

About 1/2 mile farther northeast, a fissure zone of irregular
eastward trend and steep southward dip is traceable for some 2,000
feet. Its outcrop is marked by iron stain and in places by lentic-
ular bodies of coarsely crystalline, cellular, dull-white quartz.
At one place, where this zone contains a quartz vein striking
N. 75° E. and dipping 45° to 60° SE., it has been prospected by a
70-foot inclined shaft with 50 feet of drifts. As exposed by these
workings, the quartz vein ranges from 6 to 12 inches in width and
in places carries small particles of powellite together with ir-
regular bunches of scheelite and some wolframite.

19/ Work cited in footnote 12 (p. 38), p. 35.


45

INDEX OF DEPOSITS
| Rainbow claims
2  Gabitzsch-Owens tungsten group
3 Cole tungsten group

ors

3
3

SUPERIOR 3,

To RAZE. \

Phoenix

To Ray
FIGURE 15. - Tungsten Deposits in Pinal Ranch Area, Pinal County, Ariz.

owner. The claims were worked in 1942 by R. A. Keller and associates. G. A.
Gabitzsch built a small concentrator at Summit Lodge to concentrate the ore,
which was packed on burros about 1 mile. The Arizona State Department of
Mines Resources reported in 1942 that 0.5 ton of ore from a drift 75 feet
south of the fault was crushed, ground, and tabled. The ore yielded 60 pounds
of concentrate, which assayed 32.4 percent W03. Total production from the
property is unknown but was very small.

The workings include an adit about 100 feet long, with an 85-foot cross-
cut, an inaccessible raise to the surface from the crosscut, and an inaccessi-
ble adit of unknown length (probably 150 feet), two small opencuts, and several
small pits and prospect holes.

The country rock is granitic. Prominent pressure fractures strike N. 30°
to 35° E. and dip 65° SE. and N. 50° E. and dip about 60° SE. The N. 30° to
35° E. fissures are extensively mineralized here and elsewhere in the vicinity.
The granitic rock is thought to be quartz monzonite with considerable biotite.

Considerable surface work has been done on a discontinuous quartz vein
ranging in width from « fraction of an inch to 8 feet. A fault displaced the
vein for about 20 feet. South of the fault the vein can be traced for 150
feet, and most of the ore has come from there. In the adit crosscut the quartz
is 2 and 3 feet wide, except at its southwest end, where the quartz has cut out
entirely.


8

are leased to Moses Mirabel of Grants, N. Mex. He sank a shaft to a depth of
50 feet and produced 200 pounds of concentrate assaying 66 percent Wo,

Workings on the claim consist of numerous shallow pits, opencuts, and
prospect holes. One shaft had been sunk to a depth of 50 feet.

Sparse, sporadic scheelite occurs in discontinuous quartz veins that cut
a medium-grained gray granite. The scheelite occurs as minute particles to
large pods as thick as 12 inches, according to Arthur Matthews. The author
observed crystals to 1 inch in cross section.

The quartz carries some iron oxide stain and minor amounts of pyrite and
muscovite. The quartz is extensively fractured, and a caliche filling was
observed in some fractures. The quartz veins strike N. 10° to 12° E. and dip
80° to 85° SE. The veins are parallel and some appear to be in en echelon
pattern. The most persistent vein observed on the Tungsten Giant is the No. 1.
It can be traced on the surface for about 600 feet ranging in widths from a
few inches to nearly 4 feet. Sparse scheelite was observed in place at the
bottom of the 50-foot shaft. Other quartz veins were observed at widely scat-
tered places on the claims, but none was as wide or as long as that on the
Tungsten Giant No. 1, All the veins had the same strike and dip; however,
scheelite mineralization of the other veins is not so abundant.

The granite is fractured extensively and cut by the quartz veins, by
narrow light-color dikes (probably aplite) striking parallel to the quartz,
and by dark diabase dikes, which strike N. 55° W. and dip 50° to 60° NE.
The scheelite, scattered throughout the quartz, was very low grade, except
where pockets and enriched lenses were found.

Golden Jackpot Claim

The Golden Jackpot claim is in sec. 26, T. 5N., R. 14 W., on the north
side of Granite Wash Pass in the Granite Wash Mountains at an altitude of
1,800 feet. The claim is 4.8 miles southwest of Salome on U.S. Highway 60-
70, thence 0.5 mile north to the Santa Fe Railroad, and 100 to 300 feet north
of the railroad (fig. 1).

The early history of this property is unknown. On July 1, 1949, G.C.
Rhodehamel located the Golden Jackpot claim, and his estate retains possession.

The workings on the claim consist of an adit 75 feet long, an inaccessi-
ble shaft 30 feet deep, an accessible shaft 25 feet deep, and several open-
cuts, shallow pits, and trenches.

Granite (probably Precambrian), remnant schists, and gneisses have been
intruded by probable andesite and narrow aplite dikes. All formations have
been extensively fractured by northeast; northwest; and eastward-trending
fractures and fissures. Some of the fissures are filled with narrow bands
of quartz, which carry sparse copper, iron, and manganese oxides and very
sparse, sporadic scheelite.