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STUDENT SAFETY IN THE JOB 

CORPS PROGRAM 

HEARING 

BEFORE THE

COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION 

AND THE WORKFORCE 

U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS 

FIRST SESSION 

HEARING HELD IN WASHINGTON, DC, JUNE 22, 2017 

Serial No. 115–20 

Printed for the use of the Committee on Education and the Workforce 

( 

Available via the World Wide Web: www.gpo.gov/fdsys/browse/ 

committee.action?chamber=house&committee=education 

or 

Committee address: http://edworkforce.house.gov 

CEWDOCROOM with DISTILLER

(II) 

COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION AND THE WORKFORCE 

VIRGINIA FOXX, North Carolina, Chairwoman 

Joe Wilson, South Carolina 

Duncan Hunter, California 

David P. Roe, Tennessee 

Glenn ‘‘GT’’ Thompson, Pennsylvania 

Tim Walberg, Michigan 

Brett Guthrie, Kentucky 

Todd Rokita, Indiana 

Lou Barletta, Pennsylvania 

Luke Messer, Indiana 

Bradley Byrne, Alabama 

David Brat, Virginia 

Glenn Grothman, Wisconsin 

Elise Stefanik, New York 

Rick W. Allen, Georgia 

Jason Lewis, Minnesota 

Francis Rooney, Florida 

Paul Mitchell, Michigan 

Tom Garrett, Jr., Virginia 

Lloyd K. Smucker, Pennsylvania 

A. Drew Ferguson, IV, Georgia 

Ron Estes, Kansas 

Robert C. ‘‘Bobby’’ Scott, Virginia 

Ranking Member 

Susan A. Davis, California 

Rau ́l M. Grijalva, Arizona 

Joe Courtney, Connecticut 

Marcia L. Fudge, Ohio 

Jared Polis, Colorado 

Gregorio Kilili Camacho Sablan, 

Northern Mariana Islands 

Frederica S. Wilson, Florida 

Suzanne Bonamici, Oregon 

Mark Takano, California 

Alma S. Adams, North Carolina 

Mark DeSaulnier, California 

Donald Norcross, New Jersey 

Lisa Blunt Rochester, Delaware 

Raja Krishnamoorthi, Illinois 

Carol Shea-Porter, New Hampshire 

Adriano Espaillat, New York 

Brandon Renz, Staff Director 

Denise Forte, Minority Staff Director 

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(III) 

C O N T E N T S 

Page 

Hearing held on June 22, 2017 ............................................................................... 1 

Statement of Members: 

Foxx, Hon. Virginia, Chairwoman, Committee on Education and the 

Workforce ....................................................................................................... 1 

Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 3 

Scott, Hon. Robert C. ‘‘Bobby’’, Ranking Member, Committee on Education and the Workforce ............................................................................. 3 

Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 5 

Statement of Witnesses: 

Barton, Mr. Jeffrey, Center Director, Earle C. Clements Job Corps Academy, Morganfield, KY ................................................................................... 33 

Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 35 

Barnes, Ms. Cindy, Director of Education Workforce and Income Security, 

Government Accountability Office, Washington, DC ................................. 7 

Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 9 

Turner, Mr. Larry, Deputy Inspector General, Department of Labor Office 

of Inspector General, Washington, DC ........................................................ 41 

Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 43 

Additional Submissions: 

Adams, Hon. Alma S., a Representative in Congress from the State 

of North Carolina: 

Letter from the Henderson Police Department ...................................... 93 

Letter dated May 26, 2017 from the Henderson-Vance Chamber of 

Commerce ............................................................................................... 95 

Barletta, Hon. Lou, a Representative in Congress from the State of Pennsylvania: 

Letter dated June 22, 2017 from the National Job Corps Association . 72 

Ms. Barnes: 

Slide: Types of Onsite and Offsite Safety and Security Incidents 

Reported by Job Corps Centers, January 1, 2007 - June 30, 2016 .... 118 

Slide: Number and Percentage of Reported Onsite and Offsite Violent 

Incidents with Student Victims and Perpetrators, and Staff Victims 

and Perpetrators, January 1, 2007 - June 30, 2016 ........................... 119 

Chairwoman Foxx: 

Slide: Fast Facts: Student Safety in the Job Corps Program ................ 121 

Fudge, Hon. Marcia L., a Representative in Congress from the State 

of Ohio: 

Letter dated April 6, 2017 from the Congress of the United States ..... 123 

Polis, Hon. Jared, a Representative in Congress from the State of Colorado: 

Directive: Job Corps PRH Change Notice No. 15-09 .............................. 133 

Directive: Job Corps Program Instruction Notice NO. 16-09 ................ 139 

Directive: Job Corps Program Instruction Notice No. 16-30 ................. 141 

Scott, Hon. Robert C. ‘‘Bobby’’, a Representative in Congress from the 

State of Virginia: 

Employment and Training Administration response (Appendix B) ...... 98 

Employment and Training Administration response to Draft Report 

(Appendix C) .......................................................................................... 109 

Shea-Porter, Hon. Carol, a Representative in Congress from the State 

of New Hampshire: 

Letter dated June 7, 2017 from the City of Manchester Police Department ........................................................................................................ 69 

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IV 

Additional Submissions—Continued 

Wilson, Hon. Frederica S., a Representative in Congress from the State 

of Florida: 

Letter dated June 7, 2017 from the Miami Gardens Police Department ........................................................................................................ 79 

Letter dated June 7, 2017 from Florida Memorial University .............. 81 

Letter dated June 20, 2017 from Kiwanis ............................................... 82 

Letter dated June 20, 2017 from Urban Growing Institute .................. 83 

Success Stories from Miami Job Corps Center ....................................... 144 

Article: Paying it Forward! Two Miami Job Corps students receive 

job offers from Job Corps alumnus ....................................................... 145 

Letter dated June 20, 2017 from Resource Room ................................... 147 

Article: Holistic Approach At Miami Job Corps Center Helps Students Succeed ......................................................................................... 148 

Letter dated June 21, 2017 from Carcamo, Ms. Patricia ....................... 149 

Letter dated June 21, 2017 from Mooneyhan, Mr. Dylan ...................... 150 

Letter dated June 21, 2017 from Shivers, Mr. MarcAnthony J. ........... 151 

Letter dated June 21, 2017 from Reverend Dr. Jimmy Ray Burke, 

Ph.D. ....................................................................................................... 152 

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(1) 

STUDENT SAFETY IN THE JOB 

CORPS PROGRAM 

Thursday, June 22, 2017 

House of Representatives, 

Committee on Education and the Workforce, 

Washington, D.C. 

The committee met, pursuant to call, at 10:02 a.m., in Room 

2175, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Virginia Foxx [chairwoman of the committee] presiding. 

Present: Representatives Foxx, Hunter, Roe, Walberg, Guthrie, 

Rokita, Barletta, Messer, Grothman, Allen, Lewis, Mitchell, Garrett, Smucker, Ferguson, Estes, Scott, Davis, Fudge, Polis, Wilson 

of Florida, Bonamici, Takano, Adams, DeSaulnier, Norcross, 

Krishnamoorthi, Shea-Porter, and Espaillat. 

Staff Present: Caitlin Burke, Legislative Assistant; Courtney 

Butcher, Director of Member Services and Coalitions; Amy Raaf 

Jones, Director of Education and Human Resources Policy; Jonas 

Linde, Professional Staff Member; Nancy Locke, Chief Clerk; 

Kelley McNabb, Communications Director; James Mullen, Director 

of Information Technology; Krisann Pearce, General Counsel; Clint 

Raine, Professional Staff Member; Lauren Reddington, Deputy 

Press Secretary; James Redstone, Professional Staff Member; 

Mandy Schaumburg, Education Deputy Director and Senior Counsel; Michael Woeste, Press Secretary; Tylease Alli, Minority Clerk/ 

Intern and Fellow Coordinator; Jacque Chevalier, Minority Director 

of Education Policy; Denise Forte, Minority Staff Director; Nicole 

Fries, Minority Labor and Policy Associate; Christine Godinez, Minority Staff Assistant; Eunice Ikene, Minority Labor Policy Advisor; 

Stephanie Lalle, Minority Press Assistant; Kevin McDermott, Minority Senior Labor Policy Advisor; Richard Miller, Minority Senior 

Labor Policy Advisor; Udochi Onwubiko, Minority Labor Policy 

Counsel; Veronique Pluviose, Minority General Counsel; and Kimberly Toots, Minority Labor Policy Fellow. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Good morning, everyone. A quorum being 

present, the Committee on Education and the Workforce will come 

to order. 

Welcome to today’s full committee hearing. I’d like to thank our 

panel of witnesses and all of our colleagues for joining today’s very 

serious discussion on the safety and security of the Job Corps program. I also want to note my disappointment that the Office of Job 

Corps has decided not to testify today. The attendance would have 

provided the committee with important information about the proCEWDOCROOM with DISTILLER

2 

gram and the measures taken by the Office of Job Corps to address 

these safety concerns. 

The Job Corps program is intended to help some of our Nation’s 

most disadvantaged youth receive high-quality education, workforce development and support services in order to become more 

employable, responsible and productive citizens. The very purpose 

of the program is to serve those who are hard to serve and the safety of students and instructors within the Job Corps program should 

be priority one. Unfortunately, that is not the case and that is what 

brings us to today’s hearing. 

The work of this committee, as well as other government bodies, 

such as the inspector general, have found a systemic and alarming 

lack of oversight in the safety and security of the Job Corps program. And we’ve reached a critical point where lives are in real 

danger if Congress does not act. In fact over 30 different government reports and audits have raised concerns over the safety and 

security of the Job Corps program. A 2009 IG report even noted 

that, quote, ‘‘40 percent of 235 significant incidents occurring at six 

centers during our audit period were not reported.’’ 

Even in 2015 an IG report specifically stated, quote, ‘‘Job Corps 

needs to improve enforcement and oversight of student disciplinary 

policies to better protect students and staff.’’ end quote. 

What is truly shocking and sad is that nine student deaths and 

a number of other violent or health-related incidents have occurred 

just since 2015 as a result of lapses in safety and security. These 

reports are extremely troubling and no program, no program sponsored by the Federal Government should have such tragedies associated with it. 

The committee has spent almost 2 years investigating and asking 

about these repeated lapses in safety and security within the Job 

Corps program and we are still without answers. 

What we do know is that the deficiencies and proper security 

measures are not isolated nor associated with one specific Job 

Corps center. This is a systemic problem throughout the Job Corps 

program. The security failures within Job Corps are a failure in 

basic good governance and jeopardize the safety of American citizens. 

Today we will hear testimony from witnesses who have made 

findings highlighting the troubling lack of safety and oversight in 

Job Corps centers. We will hear testimony about failures in reporting violent incidences, security lapses and a lack of cooperation 

with law enforcement officials. 

While these facts may be troubling, it is vital that we as a committee understand just where the lack of oversight has occurred in 

order for us to make proper recommendations to keep the Job 

Corps program safe for the future. 

The Job Corps program was designed to help disadvantaged 

young people gain the skills they need to achieve a good education, 

find a good paying job and have a successful life. Putting the students and instructors of the Job Corp program in harm’s way does 

a disservice to its participants and the American taxpayers. 

I wish to thank the members of this committee for joining this 

discussion and thank our witnesses for coming up and talking to 

us today. 

CEWDOCROOM with DISTILLER

3 

I now yield to Ranking Member Scott for his opening remarks. 

[The statement of Chairwoman Foxx follows:] 

Prepared Statement of Hon. Virginia Foxx, Chairwoman, Committee on 

Education and the Workforce 

Good morning, and welcome to today’s full committee hearing. I’d like to thank 

our panel of witnesses and my colleagues for joining today’s very serious discussion 

on the safety and security of the Job Corps program. I also want to note my disappointment that the Office of Job Corps has decided not to testify today. Their attendance would have provided the committee with important information about the 

program and the measures taken by the Office of Job Corps to address these safety 

concerns. 

The Job Corps program is intended to help some of our nation’s most disadvantaged youth receive high quality education, workforce development, and support 

services in order to become more employable, responsible, and productive citizens. 

The very purpose of the program is to serve those who are hard to serve and the 

safety of students and instructors within the Job Corps program should be priority 

one. Unfortunately that is not the case, and that is what brings us to today’s hearing. 

The work of this committee, as well as other government bodies such as the Inspector General, have found a systemic and alarming lack of oversight in the safety 

and security of the Jobs Corps program, and we have reached a critical point where 

lives are in real danger if congress does not act. 

In fact, over 30 different government reports and audits have raised concerns over 

the safety and security of the Jobs Corps program. A 2009 IG report even noted that 

‘‘40 percent of 235 significant incidents occurring at [six] centers during our audit 

period were not reported.’’ 

Even in 2015, an IG report specifically stated, ‘‘Job Corps needs to improve enforcement and oversight of student disciplinary policies to better protect students 

and staff.’’ 

What is truly shocking and sad is that nine student deaths and a number other 

violent or health related incidents have occurred just since 2015 as a result of lapses 

in safety and security. 

These reports are extremely troubling, and no program sponsored by the federal 

government should have such tragedies associated with it. 

This committee has spent almost two years investigating and asking about these 

repeated lapses in safety and security within the Job Corps program, and we are 

still without answers. 

What we do know is that the deficiencies in proper security measures are not isolated, or associated with one specific Job Corps center. This is a systemic problem 

throughout the Job Corps program. 

The security failures within Job Corps are a failure in basic good governance, and 

jeopardize the safety of American citizens. 

Today we will hear testimony from witnesses who have made findings highlighting the troubling lack of safety and oversight in Job Corps centers. 

We will hear testimony of failures in reporting violent incidents, security lapses, 

and a lack of cooperation with law enforcement officials. 

While these facts may be troubling, it is vital that we as a committee understand 

just where the lack of oversight has occurred in order for us to make proper recommendations to keep the Job Corps program safe for the future. 

The Jobs Corps program was designed to help disadvantaged young people gain 

the skills they need to achieve a good education; find a good-paying job; and have 

a successful life. 

Putting the students and instructors of the Job Corps program in harm’s way does 

a disservice to its participants and the American taxpayers. 

I wish to thank the members of this committee for joining this discussion, and 

thank our witnesses for coming up and talking to us today. 

Mr. SCOTT. Thank you, Madam Chair. I would like to welcome 

our witnesses and thank them for their testimony. 

Today’s hearing we’ll discuss safety and security issues at Job 

Corps programs. 

Madam Chair, I certainly agree with you that violence is unacceptable and that safety, health and security of the Job Corps stuCEWDOCROOM with DISTILLER

4 

dents and staff is critically important. I appreciate the inspector 

general’s attention to these issues over the years and I believe the 

Department of Labor must continue to aggressively implement the 

corrective action initiated under the Obama administration and 

make additional improvements as necessary. 

We have to work together to make sure the Job Corps students 

and staff are living and working in safe environments. But we also 

have to recognize that the Job Corp program has a vital mission. 

We must recognize and appreciate the opportunities it provides for 

approximately 60,000 of America’s disadvantaged and vulnerable 

youth every year. 

Madam Chair, as you know, an estimated 60 percent of Job 

Corps students dropped out of school or were expelled from school. 

In addition, 56 percent entered the program reading at or below 

the eighth grade level. Virtually all Job Corps students are from 

low-income families. Job Corps provides a safer environment for 

these young people and it’s transformative for the overwhelming 

number of students who finish the program. In 2015, more than 80 

percent of Job Corps graduates found a job, went on to college, or 

entered the military, and 71 percent received an industry recognized credential before graduation. 

Rigorous evaluations of the Job Corps found the program increases educational levels and earnings with youth over 20 finding 

the most benefit. As the data and evaluation show, Job Corps is the 

ticket to helping disadvantaged youth achieve their educational 

goals, obtain a well-paying job, serve in the military, and build a 

better future for themselves. For some, Job Corps is a second 

chance. For others, it actually saved their lives. 

So as we discuss the legitimate concerns raised in the inspector 

general and GAO report regarding safety and security at Job 

Corps, I think it is reasonable to ask where these young people 

would be without the Job Corps program and how safe would they 

be. 

In Mr. Barton’s testimony, he notes that the national mortality 

rate for 16 to 24 year olds between 2012 and 2015 was 70.88 per 

100,000. That’s 70 for every 100,000, 70 died. Comparable rate for 

Job Corps 4.7. That’s 70 died out in the public, only 4.7 in the Job 

Corps programs. That means the risk of death for young people 16 

to 24 nationally was 15 times worse than Job Corps students. And 

what do we pay for the Job Corps program each year pales in comparison to what we would be on track to pay for some of these 

young people if they are incarcerated, on public assistance, or on 

Medicaid. 

Madame Chair, nearly 5 million our Nation’s youth are both out 

of school and out of work. In 2015, 14 percent of youth aged 16 to 

24 were unemployed, double the national unemployment rate. 

Twenty-two percent of youth do not graduate from high school, 40 

percent of those who do are ill prepared for work or higher education. Now whether they have personal barriers to college and career such as involvement in juvenile or criminal justice system or 

come from low opportunity communities, our nation’s disadvantaged youth deserves a chance to succeed. To make that happen we 

should not undermine, consolidate or eliminate educational and vocational programs such as Job Corps, whose students as Mr. BarCEWDOCROOM with DISTILLER

5 

ton will eloquently say, call him every day, every single holiday 

break asking if they could return to the Job Corps center because 

they are concerned about violence in their community, the temptation of drugs or their own safety. 

The Job Corps centers are their refuge. So yes, let’s be sure that 

we identify problems and work on problems identified by the inspector general. And we need to continue -- those problems have 

to be addressed, but let’s not shoot at the wrong target. We need 

more Job Corps programs than ever. With this in mind, I am trying 

to say that our committee has advanced bipartisan legislation to 

expand opportunities for young people. 

Last year we passed Every Student Succeeds Act in a bipartisan 

way. We’ve moved the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act reauthorization. Later today on the floor, we will vote to 

reauthorize the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education 

Act all on a bipartisan basis. 

So I hope we will continue that tradition by providing opportunities for young people in the future as we work towards reauthorizing and strengthening the Job Corps program. 

Before I conclude, Madam Chair, I want to join with you in saying that it is unfortunate that the Office of Job Corps withdrew 

from testifying in today’s hearing. They would have been able to 

speak on how they have been able to address problems and concerns identified by the inspector general over the years. 

I would ask the Job Corps program about their zero tolerance 

policy. In the K through 12 system, we have seen that zero tolerance policies are based on zero common sense and have been found 

to be ineffective in promoting safety. 

Under the Job Corps’ current zero tolerance program, a young 

person could be kicked out of Job Corps for being tardy for class 

or failing to adhere to a dress code. This policy is counterproductive 

and fails to ensure that Job Corps students have meaningful opportunities to succeed. 

Again, Madam Chair, thank you for convening the hearing. I look 

forward to the testimony of the witnesses and yield back the balance of my time. 

[The statement of Mr. Scott follows:] 

Prepared Statement of Hon. Robert C. ‘‘Bobby’’ Scott, Ranking Member, 

Committee on Education and the Workforce 

I would like to welcome our witnesses and thank them for their testimony. Today’s hearing will discuss safety and security issues at Job Corps. 

I certainly agree with Chairwoman Foxx that violence is unacceptable and the 

safety, health, and security of Job Corps’ students and staff is critically important. 

I appreciate the Inspector General’s attention to these issues over the years, and 

I believe the Department of Labor must continue to aggressively implement the corrective action initiated under the Obama Administration and make additional improvements as necessary. 

We must work together to make sure Job Corps’ students and staff are living and 

working in safe environments, but must not stop there. 

We must also stand together in strong support of Job Corps and its vital mission. 

We must recognize and appreciate the opportunities it provides for approximately 

60,000 of America’s disadvantaged and vulnerable youth every year. 

Madam Chair, as you know, an estimated 60 percent of Job Corps students 

dropped out of or were expelled from school. In addition, 56 percent enter the program reading at or below an eighth-grade level. Virtually all Job Corps students are 

from low-income families. 

CEWDOCROOM with DISTILLER

6 

Job Corp provides a safer environment for these young people and is transformational for the overwhelming number of students who finish the program. In 

2015, more than 80 percent of Job Corps graduates found a job, went on to college, 

or entered the military and 71 percent received an industry-recognized credential 

before graduation. Rigorous evaluations of the Job Corps have found that the program increases education levels and earnings, with youth over 20 finding the most 

benefit. 

As the data and evaluations show, Job Corps is a ticket to helping disadvantaged 

youth achieve their educational goals, obtain a well-paying job, serve in the military, 

and build a better future for themselves. For some, Job Corps is a second chance. 

For others, it saved their lives. 

So as we discuss the legitimate issues raised by the Inspector General and GAO 

regarding the safety and security with Job Corps today, I think it’s reasonable to 

ask where these young people would be without Job Corps. Where and how safe 

would they be if not for this program? 

In Mr. Barton’s testimony, he notes that the national mortality rate for 16 to 24- 

year-olds between 2012 and 2015 was 70.88 per 100,000, while the comparable rate 

for Job Corps centers was 4.7. That means the risk of death for young people 16 

to 24 nationally is 15 times greater than the risk for Job Corps students. 

And what we pay for the Job Corps program each year pales in comparison to 

what we would be on track to pay for some of these young people if they are incarcerated, on public assistance, and on Medicaid. 

Madam Chair, nearly 5 million of our nation’s youth are both out of school and 

out of work. In 2015, 14 percent of youth ages 16 to 24 years old were unemployed— 

more than double the national unemployment rate. Twenty-two percent of our youth 

do not graduate from high school, and 40 percent of those who do are ill-prepared 

for work or higher education. 

Whether they have personal barriers to college and career, such as involvement 

in the juvenile or criminal justice system, or come from low-opportunity communities, our nation’s disadvantaged youth deserve a chance to succeed. 

To help make that happen, we should not undermine, consolidate, or eliminate 

education and vocational training programs such as Job Corps whose students – as 

Mr. Barton eloquently put it in his testimony – call him every single holiday break 

asking if they can return to the Job Corps center because they are concerned about 

violence in their community, the temptation to use drugs, or their own safety. Job 

Corps centers are their refuge. 

So, yes, let’s make sure the problems identified by the Inspector General continue 

to be addressed by the Labor Department, but let’s not shoot at the wrong target 

here. 

We need Job Corps more than ever, and we need more of it. 

With that in mind, I am proud to say that our Committee has advanced bipartisan legislation to expand opportunities for young people. We have moved the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act Reauthorization; and later today we 

will vote to reauthorize the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act. 

I hope we will continue that tradition of providing opportunities for young people 

in the future as we work toward reauthorizing and strengthening Job Corps. 

Before I conclude, I just want to say that it’s unfortunate the Office of Job Corps 

withdrew from testifying at today’s hearing. They would have been able to speak 

to how they have been addressing the problems and concerns identified by the Inspector General over the years. 

I also would have asked them about Job Corps’ zero tolerance policy. In the K– 

12 system, we’ve seen that zero tolerance policies are based on zero common sense 

and ineffective in promoting safety. Under Job Corps’ current zero tolerance policy, 

a young person could be kicked out of Job Corps for being tardy for class or failing 

to adhere to dress code. This policy is counterproductive and fails to ensure to that 

Job Corps students have a meaningful opportunity to succeed. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you, Mr. Scott. 

Pursuant to committee rule 7(c), all members will be permitted 

to submit written statements to be included in the permanent 

hearing record. Without objection, the hearing record will remain 

open for 14 days to allow such statements and other extraneous 

material referenced during the hearing to be submitted for the official hearing record. 

CEWDOCROOM with DISTILLER

7 

I now turn to introductions of our distinguished witnesses. Ms. 

Cindy Brown Barnes is the Director of Education Workforce and 

Income Security with the U.S. Government Accountability Office. 

Mr. Jeffrey Barton is the academy director for the Earle C. 

Clements Job Corps Academy in Morganfield, Kentucky. Mr. Larry 

Turner is the deputy inspector general for the U.S. Department of 

Labor, Office of Inspector General. 

I now ask our witnesses to raise your right hand. 

[Witnesses sworn.] 

Chairwoman Foxx. Let the record reflect the witnesses answered 

in the affirmative. 

Before I recognize each of you to provide your testimony, let me 

briefly explain our lighting system. We allow 5 minutes for each 

witness to provide testimony. When you begin, the light in front of 

you will turn green. When 1 minute is left, the light will turn yellow. At the 5 minute mark, the light will turn red and you should 

wrap up your testimony. Members will each have 5 minutes to ask 

questions. 

I now recognize Ms. Barnes for 5 minutes. 

TESTIMONY OF CINDY BROWN BARNES, DIRECTOR OF EDUCATION WORKFORCE AND INCOME SECURITY, GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE, WASHINGTON D.C. 

Ms. BARNES. Chairwoman Foxx, Ranking Member Scott and 

members of the committee, I am pleased to be here today to discuss 

GAO’s preliminary observations on the safety and security of students in the Job Corps program. This work is part of our recently 

started effort to examine this issue. 

Job Corps is the Nation’s largest residential, educational and career development program for low-income youth between the ages 

of 16 and 24. The program is administered by the Department of 

Labor and currently serves about 50,000 students each year at 125 

Job Corps centers nationwide. 

My remarks today will cover one, the number and types of reported safety and security incidents. And two, student perceptions 

of safety at Job Corps centers. 

For this testimony we analyze the Department of Labor’s incident data from January 2007 through June 2016. Due to concerns 

about the completeness of the data, we report the minimum number of incidents in the aggregate for those 9 years, but the actual 

numbers are likely higher. We also analyzed national student survey data from March 2007 through March 2017. Overall, we found 

that Job Corps centers reported nearly 50,000 safety and security 

incidents of various types that occurred both on site and off site 

from January 2007 through June 2016. 

During this time period, over 500,00 students were enrolled in 

the program. We found that 76 percent or about 38,000 of the reported incidents occurred on site and 24 percent occurred off site. 

In addition, about 21 percent of reported incidents involved violence. 

As you can see, with the figure on the monitor, three types of incidents represent 60 percent of all reported on site and off site incidents. Serious illnesses or injuries are 28 percent, assaults at 19 

percent, and drug related incidents at 13 percent. The remaining 

CEWDOCROOM with DISTILLER

8 

40 percent of reported incidents included theft, or damage to property, and breaches of security or safety, and other incidents. 

During this time, Job Corps centers reported 265 deaths captured in the other and assault categories in the figure on the 

screen. And the majority of these deaths occurred off site. Most of 

these deaths were due to homicides, medical causes and accidental 

causes. 

As shown in the table on the screen, Job Corps centers reported 

over 10,000 violent incidents, which include homicides, assaults 

and sexual assaults. Students were the majority of the victims in 

72 percent of these reported violent incidents and perpetrators in 

85 percent of these incidents. Staff were victims in 8 percent of 

these incidents and perpetrators in 1 percent of these incidents. 

As for the student survey data, we found that students generally 

reported feeling safe, but reported feeling less safe with respect to 

certain safety issues. The student survey asked 49 questions about 

students’ experiences in the Job Corp program, including 12 questions related to safety. Across these 12 survey questions an average 

of 72 percent of students reported feeling safe. 

However, the average percentage of students who reported feeling safe on each individual survey question ranged from 44 percent 

to 91 percent. For example, an average of 44 percent of students 

reported that they had never heard students threaten each other 

or had not heard such threats within the last month. The remaining 56 percent of students on average reported hearing such 

threats at least once in the last month. 

In conclusion, Job Corps students should be provided with a safe 

learning environment. However, as our preliminary analysis demonstrates, too many safety and security incidents are occurring at 

Job Corps centers and this is a cause for concern. And it is likely 

that the actual number of safety and security incidences is greater 

than the number we report in this statement. Our ongoing work 

will present opportunities for us to further examine these issues. 

Thank you. This concludes my statement and I will be happy to 

entertain any questions. 

[The statement of Ms. Barnes follows:] 

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Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you Ms. Barnes. 

Mr. Barton, you’re recognized for 5 minutes. 

TESTIMONY OF JEFFREY BARTON, CENTER DIRECTOR, EARLE 

C. CLEMENTS JOB CORPS ACADEMY, MORGANFIELD, KY 

Mr. BARTON. Thank you, Chairwoman Foxx, Ranking Member 

Scott and members of the committee for inviting me to testify 

about the Job Corps program. I’m honored to have the opportunity 

to contribute to this important discussion about how we can 

strengthen and improve Job Corps, particularly as it relates to the 

safety and security of the students entrusted into our care. 

I cannot sufficiently express how serious student safety is to me 

and my colleagues across the Job Corps system. We are educators, 

counselors, mentors. But the most important role I’ve taken on in 

my professional life is caretaker to someone else’s children and to 

your constituents. 

I have over 25 years of experience in Job Corps in multiple capacities, including having served as center director at three centers. I also served as a police officer in nearby Loudoun County, 

Virginia, which exposed me to the challenges of policing violence in 

criminal activity. 

I currently serve as the academy director of the Earle C. 

Clements Job Corps center in Morganfield, Kentucky. And today 

over 700 students from 29 States, including nearly 100 students 

from the districts of 13 members of this committee, are receiving 

training at my center. 

My center exemplifies the founding premise of Job Corps, that 

taking vulnerable youth out of challenging home circumstances and 

providing them with safe and secure living and learning environment will help them become employable. The Clements academy offers our students, the majority of whom dropped out or were kicked 

out of school, multiple options for completing their high school education. 

Our center also offers training in 19 occupations, including nursing and welding, and the opportunity to earn any of hundreds of 

industry recognized credentials. This year 95 percent of my vocational students have earned an industry recognized credential. And 

91 percent of my graduates transitioned into employment or higher 

education. 

Based on my experience, I can tell you that these successes are 

predicated on providing a safe and secure environment for our students to live and learn. The entire Job Corps community was 

shocked by the tragic incidents that occurred in Job Corps 2 years 

ago, because those were our students. We work hard to prevent 

such events. 

Over the course of my career the 3 days which I received phone 

calls that one of my students had passed as a result of medical 

issues were among the worst days of my life. Preserving and protecting the lives of these students is not an abstract concept to me. 

I know them, I know their families. I know their hopes and I know 

their dreams. And to see those taken for any reason is heartbreaking. 

These two tragedies are not representative of Job Corps’ overall 

safety record. And in fact, based on data from the last 4 years, Job 

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Corps students were 15 times safer, on Job Corps campuses, than 

their peers, including their nondisadvantaged peers nationally. 

Nonetheless, these incidents necessitated a reevaluation from top 

to bottom of whether we were doing everything we can to protect 

our students. As a result of that review, Job Corps has taken multiple actions, including updating the zero tolerance policy, clarifying when to call law enforcement, updating and enhancing center 

security plans, implementing new procedures for reporting significant incidents, and introducing new hotlines for students to anonymously report safety concerns. 

Unfortunately, we cannot completely shield our students from violence, substance abuse or mental health disorders given the population that we serve and the communities from which they often 

come. Our students often tell us stories about how they enrolled in 

Job Corps to escape gangs, unstable home life, or an unsafe community. And every single holiday break, I receive calls from students asking if they can return to Job Corps early because they are 

concerned about violence in their community, the temptation or 

peer pressure to use drugs or for their own safety. For many of our 

students our center is a refuge. 

Nationally there are 4.9 million young Americans age 16 to 24 

who are neither employed nor enrolled in school, yet employers frequently report they cannot find the workers they need. The bottom 

line is we need these young people to gain the skills they need to 

participate in the workforce and many of these young people need 

Job Corps to be successful. Ensuring these students’ safety and security is critical to that success so we will continue to be vigilant 

and to improve. 

And I appreciate the opportunity to contribute to this discussion 

and look forward to answering any questions you may have. Thank 

you. 

[The statement of Mr. Barton follows:] 

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Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you, Mr. Barton. 

Mr. Turner, you’re recognized for 5 minutes. 

TESTIMONY OF LARRY TURNER, DEPUTY INSPECTOR GENERAL, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL, WASHINGTON, D.C. 

Mr. TURNER. Good morning Chairwoman Foxx, Ranking Member 

Scott and distinguished members of the committee. Thank you for 

an opportunity to discuss the Office of Inspector General’s oversight work of the Department of Labor’s Job Corp program. 

My testimony today will focus on issues related to the safety and 

security of Job Corps students. In 2015 two students were killed 

at different Job Corps centers, allegedly by fellow students. While 

the two murders put a spotlight on the issue or violence in the Job 

Corp program, OIG has been reporting for the past 8 years on the 

challenges that Job Corps faces in providing a safe, learning environment. From 2009 through 2015 a series of audits covering 24 

centers reveal serious problems with how student misconduct had 

been addressed. 

Unfortunately, student misconduct is not uncommon at Job 

Corps centers. During the 2-year period covered by our 2015 audit, 

there were 35,000 serious student misconduct incidents reported 

across Job Corps’ 129 centers. This series of audits found centers’ 

operators too often allow potentially dangerous students to remain 

in the program despite behavior that should have resulted in their 

dismissal. Specifically we found centers did not consistently investigate and adjudicate alleged serious student misconduct such as 

physical assault, weapons possession and distribution of drugs. 

Centers did not conduct many student disciplinary hearings in a 

timely manner. Centers failed to report many serious incidents to 

Job Corps. And centers inappropriately downgraded serious incidents to lesser infractions that did not require dismissal of the student. 

For example, one center found a student in possession of illegal 

drugs on center property. Instead of charging this student with violating Job Corps zero tolerance policy and terminating him from 

the program, the center opted to downgrade the offense to a lesser 

infraction. Seventy-four days later, this same student was dismissed after assaulting and injuring another student. 

After the murders of the two Job Corps students in 2015, a team 

of OIG auditors and criminal investigators conducted a joint review 

to examine how Job Corps was identifying and managing risk to 

safety and security at its centers. Eleven of the 12 centers the team 

visited failed to report 40 percent of the potentially serious criminal misconduct incidents to law enforcement. Furthermore, these 

12 centers also failed to report numerous significant incidences to 

Job Corps and misclassified many of the incidents they did report. 

We also found one-third of Job Corps centers had not established 

cooperative agreements with law enforcement organizations. Of the 

centers with agreements, 85 percent failed to include adequate descriptions of center and law enforcement’s roles and responsibilities. 

During the site visits to the 12 centers, the team observed physical security weaknesses such as inadequate and unmonitored 

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closed circuit television systems, security staff shortages and compromised perimeters. Our review also found Job Corps required 

pre-employment background checks to very few center positions 

and had not defined criminal histories that would disqualify individuals from employment. 

To address the problems identified by our audit, Job Corps has 

reported initiating numerous corrective actions such as establishing 

a division of regional operations and program integrity. In part to 

improve oversight of center safety. Revising a zero tolerance student conduct policy, developing tools to better assess applicant’s 

readiness to benefit from Job Corps, rolling out a new criminal 

background check process for student applicants and conducting 

$12 million security pallets at 14 centers. 

The media’s core mission of attracting at risk youth teaches them 

the skills they need to become employable and independent and 

placing them in meaningful jobs or further education, Job Corps 

must provide a safe learning environment for its students. 

Since our last audit, Job Corps has taken numerous actions to 

make centers safer. Nonetheless, we continue to have a significant 

number of serious incidents reported to us. Therefore, Job Corps 

still has work to do. Job Corps needs to quickly complete the various safety initiatives it has recently begun. Further, Job Corps 

must be more vigilant in its monitoring to ensure center operatives 

fully enforce Job Corps zero tolerance policy. 

Job Corps also needs to establish appropriate law enforcement 

jurisdiction and agreements for each center, assess campus physical security at all centers, and develop and implement policy for 

criminal background checks for center employees. 

Thank you for the opportunity to testify on our work. I would 

also like to publicly acknowledge the great work that the men and 

women of the Office of Inspector General do every day. 

I would be pleased to answer any questions that you have and 

the members of the committee. Thank you very much. 

[The statement of Mr. Turner follows:] 

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Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you very much, Mr. Turner. 

I’m very appreciative again of all of the witnesses. I will begin 

the questioning this morning. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Ms. Barnes, your findings indicate the incident reporting data you analyzed was incomplete. And therefore, 

the numbers you presented today represent the minimum number 

of safety related incidents. Do you believe there is a much bigger 

safety issue than the contractors, Department, and we are aware 

of? 

Ms. BARNES. Yes. Mr. Turner just testified in the March 17 IG 

report mentioned 12 centers, that 34 percent of the data was missing out of the significant incident reporting system. So my testimony today explains that we reported a minimum number around 

50,000 incidents, but it is likely higher. The Department of Labor 

has also told us that there are problems with the data and the reporting of the significant incidents and is not contained therein. So 

to answer your question, yes. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you. It is bad enough as it is, let alone 

the fact that we think it’s a lot worse. 

Mr. Turner, your work has highlighted two major components of 

the student safety concerns with the Job Corp program. The first 

piece revolves around oversight and management deficiencies in 

the Department. The second piece and of equal importance is contractor complacency or efforts to game the system. Do you believe 

the Department or contractors have played the larger role in the 

safety and security incidents that have been observed over the last 

few years? 

Mr. TURNER. I believe that the bulk of the responsibility lies with 

the Department. The Department is responsible for setting guidelines and policy also for overseeing that operation. In addition, the 

contractor’s work under the guidance of the Department. Although 

it is somewhat of a joint responsibility, ultimately the responsibility lies with the DOL. 

The other part of that too is DOL has the opportunity to evaluate 

the performance of the contractor so they have some impact on 

whether they accept the performance that has been given by the 

contractor. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Ms. Barton, do you agree with Mr. Turner’s 

assessment about the contractor’s role in the lack of safety protections in the centers? 

Ms. BARNES. Yes, I do agree with that assessment. The Department has over our responsibility for developing the policies and 

procedures and for the implementation of those policies and procedures, oversight and monitoring of the contractors at the Job Corps 

centers. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Mr. Barton, please give me your reaction to 

Mr. Turner’s assessment. 

Mr. BARTON. My reaction is safety and security in Job Corps is 

our absolute, number one priority. Our students come from challenging neighborhoods where violence, gang activity is rampant. 

There is nothing more important than maintaining safe centers. In 

Ms. Barnes’ opening she said herself many of the incidents occur 

off site. And that’s why Job Corps centers need to continue to be 

a safe refuge, free of gang activity, free of drug use, free of violence. 

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56 

And we are everything possible to make sure that our students understand this challenge, staff are trained, centers are safe. And the 

most important thing is being visible and connected. 

Manage by walking around, know every student, know what they 

are going through, know the staff. This is serious business. We 

take it very seriously, the lives of over 50,000 young people every 

single year. And what’s troubling is to hear about these events, but 

I think Job Corps has acknowledged improvements moving forward 

and the most important platform is safety and security for our students. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you, Mr. Barton. 

Mr. Turner, the Job Corps policy and requirements handbook 

states that the purpose of Job Corps’ residential living program is 

to provide a safe and secure living environment for students. Do 

you believe Job Corps centers have met this responsibility? 

Mr. TURNER. I do not believe they have fulfilled that responsibility. I think part of that is that Job Corps has to do a better job 

of micromanaging and overseeing some of the jobs that’s taking 

place at the centers. I believe too often they have not provided the 

oversight by monitoring some of the actions that they expect. And 

too often the centers have been allowed to kind of operate independently on their own without proper oversight. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you very much. I want to say it is very 

troubling again, as I said in my opening statements, that the Federal Government -- the taxpayers of this country are funding programs and where deaths occur in the participants who are attending the programs. 

Mr. Scott, I recognize you for 5 minutes. 

Mr. SCOTT. Thank you, Madam Chair. I would like to follow up 

on that last question. Mr. Turner, do you know what the crime rate 

is for students, similar demographics, outside of the Job Corps, 

compared to those in the Job Corps? 

Mr. TURNER. No, sir, I would not have that information. 

Mr. SCOTT. When you say it is not safe, the question is compared 

to what? 

Mr. TURNER. Well sir, when I say it is not safe, what I am saying 

is that based on the number of complaints that we have received 

from students and staff, they come through our hotline and some 

of those come through our submitted and significant incident reports. 

Mr. SCOTT. That’s right. Any incident would be a disappointment. The question, as Mr. Barton has pointed out, if they were 

not in the Job Corps, would it be better or worse? And Mr. Barton, 

can you respond to that? 

Mr. BARTON. Yes. According to the latest statistics from the CDC 

let me just say this, Job Corps students both on and off center are 

2.5 times less likely to commit suicide, four times less likely to die 

from a drug overdose, 15 times safer than their counterparts, 16 

to 24 years old nationally. 

At Earle C. Clements, we have a 90 percent placement rate, 94 

of our students have credentials right now. Students don’t achieve 

where they don’t feel safe. They don’t prosper where they don’t feel 

as if the environment is safe, warm, friendly and they have outlets 

to report. 

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57 

So while we can acknowledge the findings from Mr. Turner and 

Ms. Barnes, the fact of the matter is safety and security at all Job 

Corps centers is paramount and we will continue to implement the 

initiatives from the national Office of Job Corps to ensure the safety and security of all students. 

Mr. SCOTT. Now as a result of Job Corps, can you tell me what 

happens to the prospects for employment for higher education of 

the graduates of Job Corps compared to the 5 million disconnected 

youth that you refer to? 

Mr. BARTON. I can tell you that Job Corps offers an environment 

for a student to prosper. But if I would, if I could just take a few 

minutes, I would like to read you an excerpt from a student. It is 

in part, it is just a synopsis. 

After 8 months of this, my mother told me I had 2 months to figure something out because I could no longer stay there doing nothing. I tried to enlist in the military but that wasn’t an option and 

I didn’t know what I was going to do. I did my research and 

learned about Job Corps. I met with my outreach and admissions 

counselor, and it sounded tough, but I knew I had to try or be 

homeless again. 

But ever since I’ve gotten here things have changed so much for 

me, waking up early, making my bed, cleaning my room, dressing 

appropriately, going to class consistently, and so forth taught me 

a lot about discipline and caring for myself. The more I started to 

accomplish, the more and more proud of myself I became, which 

pushed me to achieve even greater things. 

I feel very safe here at Earle C. Clements Job Corps Academy. 

I never really had a problem with any other students or staff and 

I believe this was critical for my success here, because my home 

environment was unpredictable and chaotic. But here, I was taught 

to trust again and have felt very comfortable. 

So in addition to a safe environment what Job Corps does is give 

young people hope, a sound platform to move forward. 

Mr. SCOTT. And that student seems like he’s on a totally different trajectory than he was before the Job Corp program. Do any 

of you have results of studies that point to the difference in crime 

rate or teen pregnancy or employment before and after Job Corps 

experience? 

Mr. TURNER. No, sir, I do not. 

Mr. SCOTT. Ms. Barnes? 

Ms. BARNES. I do not. 

Mr. SCOTT. Any question, Mr. Barton, that Job Corps participants are much more likely to get a job, much more likely to improve their education, much less likely to commit a crime or become a teen parent? 

Mr. BARTON. I can tell you that the success stories are countless 

and heartwarming. Just recently we put two of our tile setting 

completers to work making over $25 an hour. And this goes for any 

one of our career and technical training offerings. 

Our students are leaving with primary credentials, high school 

diplomas, and on the pathway to college, advanced training, entrance into the military, and all the while achievement of these 

heights, of this standard will not occur if students did not feel safe, 

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if they didn’t feel welcome and if they didn’t have an outlet to go 

to if they felt that trouble was coming. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you very much. 

Dr. Roe, you’re recognized for 5 minutes. 

Mr. ROE. Thank you, Madam Chairman. And I want to start by 

saying I have been a very staunch supporter of the Job Corps since 

I’ve been in the Congress the 8-1/2 years I’ve been here. And I have 

a Job Corps site in my district which I’ve visited. I also visited the 

one in southwest Virginia that had an incident not long ago. And 

I could not agree more, Mr. Barton, that safety is a huge, huge 

issue. And I read our literature here and seen the number of what 

appear to be drug overdose deaths. That’s not a Job Corps specific. 

That’s a systemic around the entire population of this country. 

I will give you an example, I serve on the Veterans’ Affairs committee and 20 veterans a day commit suicide. It is a societal problem. Drug abuse. And where I live in my part of the country, and 

certainly in southwest Virginia, New Hampshire, Maine other 

States have a terrible problem with drug abuse. So it is not confined just to Job Corps. 

And I think you’re absolutely right about a safe environment. I 

guess one question I have and it has always concerned me, if Job 

Corps is not there for these students, and I had almost 10 years 

I lived and worked with young people and patients in inner center 

Memphis, if not Job Corps, what, what do they end up doing because it’s -- I’ve looked at like this, it is either pay me now or pay 

me later. 

So many of these young people may end up incarcerated or -- and 

what you, Mr. Barton, have described and the way I always have 

looked at this is what is the value of saving one young people in 

changing not only their life, but the life of everybody they come in 

contact with. I can assure you that if you’ve got a young man or 

woman who is making $25 an hour, they are going to be able to 

take care of a family, they are not going to need Medicaid, they are 

not going to need all these services that they may otherwise need. 

And I think you pointed out I know there’s something that’s got 

to be unique about you if you leave a community, a city, and you 

go to the Job Corps site, which is in the mountains where I live, 

and there’s got to be something different about you to want to get 

out to make something of yourself. 

So I just say that to start with so what would happen if there 

were not a Job Corps for these kids? And anybody can take this 

on. 

Mr. BARTON. So I can tell you at Earle C. Clements we have 

graduation every 30 days. For some of our students, they are the 

first person in had their family to graduate from anything.I21Mr. 

ROE. Anything. 

Mr. BARTON. And what a proud moment that is. And so what 

that does is that only doesn’t give that student hope but maybe 

their little brother or sister hope, maybe their cousin, maybe somebody at home. And so it starts another initiative in the house of 

achievement, knowing that education is powerful and that there is 

another outlet aside from gang activity, maybe illicit drug use or 

sales. There is another way to go about this. And Job Corps is a 

safe place to teach students that. 

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Mr. ROE. Thank you. 

Mr. Turner is the OIG satisfied or anyone can take this, Ms. 

Barnes too, with the Job Corps actions following the 2015 audit. Do 

you think they are doing enough to adequately protect? That’s been 

asked once before, but I think we need that for the record. 

Mr. TURNER. We are encouraged by what the Job Corps is doing. 

Previous in 2009 and 2010 audits they corrected everything that 

we identified as a deficiency. However, part of the problem with 

Job Corps they need to do a better job with just following through. 

Once a correction has been made we found out over time we find 

that there are still additional problems that resurface. And so we 

expect that Job Corps needs to do a better job. As far as the 2015 

report, we’ve been encouraged that they have made a big effort to 

come with a lot of new initiatives. And so those initiatives I think 

will pay off in the long run. 

In regards to your earlier question, OIG believes that the Job 

Corp program is a very important program. The IG, Scott Dahl, 

and myself and Elliot Lewis, assistant inspector general for audit, 

we actually visited a Job Corps center because we wanted to find 

out firsthand the importance of what was taking place at the Job 

Corps center. 

And we had a chance to meet students that come from rural 

places and we saw some of the changes and developments and we 

engaged with them and saw what the program meant to them. I 

personally had a family member that has gone through the Job 

Corps program and they have had some advancements in their life 

due to the Job Corps program. 

Mr. ROE. I’ve been to multiple times to Job Corps sites and spoken at graduations, it is really inspiring. 

Very quickly, you found, Mr. Turner, that 32 percent of 41 Job 

Corps centers have not established a cooperative agreement with 

local law enforcement agencies and yet that’s a requirement. Why 

wouldn’t that have happened? That’s pretty simple -- 

Mr. TURNER. We were kind of surprised by that, because we believe these policies need to be identified early on before something 

actually happens. It is a little late in the game for an emergency 

to happen and then you try to find out who’s responsible, what 

roles people have, and what jurisdiction belongs to who. So we 

think that’s an important part, so we were somewhat surprised by 

the pushback that we were getting from the Department on that. 

Mr. ROE. Thank you. I yield back. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you, Dr. Roe. Ms. Fudge you are recognized for 5 minutes. 

Ms. FUDGE. Thank you very much, Madam Chairman. And thank 

you all so much for being here today. 

Madam Chairman, let me just first bring to your attention an appropriations letter that I helped lead to support Job Corps. It is 

signed by 133 Members of this Congress from both sides of the 

aisle. So we are all very supportive of Job Corps. 

There are three job centers in the State of Ohio. All of whom 

have an overall student outcome performance of better than 90 percent, so we are very pleased with the work that is going on in Ohio 

in Job Corps. 

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I represent an urban area. I represent the City of Cleveland and 

the City of Akron. I would argue that there are less safe places 

than the Job Corps in my communities. But Mr. Barton, we know 

that Job Corps’ intended to serve one of the hardest to serve student populations. Can you expand on what type of services the students need when you receive them? And what degree of direction 

and discretion did you believe you need to bring these young people 

to a point where they can be productive citizens? 

Mr. BARTON. And again, many of our students do come from very 

challenging neighborhoods. And one of things that would help a lot 

if we had some more flexibility and latitude, let’s say to command 

more mental health hours. We see students that come into the program that may have some mental health needs that we don’t have 

the capacity right then and there to treat. So the flexibility for 

more of those hours or attention to students with those needs 

would be absolutely helpful. 

But again, Job Corps partners with our local community, local 

hospitals. And I just think the key to the centers success in Job 

Corps’ partnerships but always keeping safety and security first. 

Ms. FUDGE. And certainly if you addressed things like mental 

health, you would probably even see a smaller amount of violence 

in and around the centers. 

Mr. BARTON. It is possible. 

Ms. FUDGE. Secondly, Mr. Barton, you testified that due to the 

revised zero tolerance policy that now almost one in four Job Corps 

students are expelled. What happens to these students? Where do 

these students go to turn for help when they can’t come to Job 

Corps anymore? 

Mr. BARTON. The one in four statistics is sobering, but I think 

we need to look at what happens before that. And I think this is 

an ongoing challenge of Job Corps for us to remain connected with 

students from the minute they get on center to the time that they 

graduate, to help them with some of those behaviors, identify them 

early. However, if a student does not manage to complete the program, they will be faced with just what they were before they entered into the program. 

So we try at all costs to have all students be successful and that 

comes from immediate wrap around services, evening and weekend 

programs, because that’s when most of the trouble happens on the 

street is at night and on the weekends. So it becomes critical that 

Job Corps centers have structured evening and weekend programs 

to make sure that our students have initiatives to be involved in 

and aren’t just wandering aimlessly. 

So we think that structured approach in Job Corps will continue 

to help and we won’t have to deal with those -- that many students 

that don’t make it through the program. 

Ms. FUDGE. Do you have any idea what the average cost is for 

a student in Job Corps, annually? 

Mr. BARTON. I can tell you at Earle C. Clements it is somewhere in the neighbor of $20,000 to $30,000 a year. 

Ms. FUDGE. But actually less than it would be if they end up in 

prison. 

Mr. BARTON. Absolutely. 

Ms. FUDGE. Thank you very much. 

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Madam Chair, I yield back. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you, Ms. Fudge. 

Mr. Walberg, you’re recognized for 5 minutes. 

Mr. WALBERG. Thank you, Madam Chairman. 

Mr. Turner and all the panel, thank you for being here. Mr. Turner, overall how effective would you say that the Department and 

the Office of Job Corps has been responding to your safety and security related recommendations? 

Mr. TURNER. As I’ve mentioned earlier, we have seen an improvement in the response. The 2015 report and the 2017 report, 

they have responded. We have been working with them for the last 

year and a half on the 2015 report. Let me just kind of give you 

an example of what happens, when we come up with deficiencies, 

we did notify the Department. And once we release our report, the 

Department has 60 days to provide a response to us. 

On the 2015 report, they have been also coordinating with us for 

the last year and a half, so initially they provided us some response, but they have not completed and have not resolved all the 

issues and recommendations that we identify. 

Mr. WALBERG. What recommendations are still outstanding if 

you could -- ? 

Mr. TURNER. It would be easier between 2015 and 2017 to say 

the ones that they had -- there’s only 15 that were outstanding, 

only two have been resolved. That combined the 2015 into 2017 report. 

Mr. WALBERG. Could you give me at least some examples of the 

15 that still aren’t resolved? 

Mr. TURNER. Some of the ones that have not been resolved deals 

with law enforcement. And it is one of the ones that we are just 

trying to come to common ground on. 

There’s also -- the ones that have been resolved, I guess are the 

backlog, the one that just was completed. The backlog of the serious incident reports. There were over 9,000 backlogged and we just 

got an indication in the last couple weeks that they had found and 

resolved most of the issues on that and provided a corrective action 

plan going forward. 

Mr. WALBERG. I guess the next question to come to my mind is 

if they’ve come close to resolving this, but the other 15 -- do you 

know why they are still outstanding? 

Mr. TURNER. Well part of it is because -- and we can provide you 

a list of the outstanding ones, but part of the reason is because in 

some cases they are kind of giving us a paper fix, they grant us 

a policy and they want to close the issue. But we want to kind to 

see the effects of some of the policies that they are suggesting. So 

it’s more than just showing us that you have a copy of a new policy 

change. We want sometimes to just take a look and observe and 

to see if the fix that they have suggested actually works and so 

that is why it is taking longer. For instance, the response that they 

just provided on the 2017 report they just provided that to us earlier this week. And several of those they proposed that we close. 

Well, it is premature to close those and we have not had a chance 

to observe, assess and to see that the fix is really in place. 

What happened in 2009 was that we closed some of their recommendations and overtime, they did not have a system in place 

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to go back and monitor and do checks. I think one of the initiatives 

that they have now is they are beginning to do more spot checks 

and have teams that out for up to a week to make sure those 

places -- those recommendations are taking effect. 

Mr. WALBERG. So would you say that right now that they are 

making a good-faith effort? 

Mr. TURNER. No doubt. They are making a good-faith effort. 

Mr. WALBERG. You mentioned in your testimony that the Department cannot exercise appropriate oversight due to deficient reporting on significant incidents. What are the full range of dangers involved when Job Corps centers do not report on these incidents? 

Mr. TURNER. One of the major problems that happens is for instance I will give you the example of the zero tolerance policy, if 

we are allowing students that should be dismissed to remain in the 

program, what you do is you put the other students at risk. And 

those are with level one offenses, from sexual assault to physical 

assault, some of these problems that occur. So I think what we’ve 

got to do, what Job Corps has to do is look at the center as a whole 

and see how can they be more effective to protect students. Although I applaud Mr. Barton in what he’s going through at his center, but that is just one center of the 129 that we have to deal with. 

Mr. WALBERG. Important issues as I understand it, these are recurring findings in many cases. 

Mr. TURNER. Not only are they recurring findings, but some of 

those have not even been reported. I think that’s what we saw with 

the significant incidents. You had some that had not been reported. 

There were some cases where students actually went to the hospital and that was not classified or not reported to the Job Corps. 

Mr. WALBERG. Oh. Well, I hope you keep on it, because the program can have, as we’ve heard, have great impact, but these are 

challenges. So I yield back. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you, Mr. Walberg. 

Mr. Polis, you’re recognized for 5 minutes. 

Mr. POLIS. Thank you Chairwoman Foxx and Ranking Member 

Scott. 

The Job Corps, as you know, can effectively provide specialized 

services to meet the needs of at-risk young people. In Colorado, the 

Job Corps center in Collbran provides students with new skills in 

areas like carpentry, computer networking, and welding. Seventytwo percent of the students receive a credential, those students in 

our society and the workforce are better off because of these programs. 

Mr. Barton, I want to thank you for being here today. You 

shared some of your experiences and successes you’ve seen at Job 

Corps. You mention in your testimony that the national mortality 

rate for 16 to 24 year olds is 15 times higher for 16 to 24 year olds 

as a whole compared to participants in the Job Corps. Do you feel 

if the Job Corps will cut back or eliminated it will put more lives 

of young people at a higher degree of risk? 

Mr. BARTON. It would absolutely be a disaster. Job Corps is needed and necessary. It is a refuge for thousands of young people. The 

centers provide needed skilled training and a variety of CTT offerings in vocational trades and absolutely it -- 

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Mr. POLIS. In addition to that, think based on your testimony you 

are also indicating that it would actually put their lives at greater 

risk if they were not participants in Job Corps. 

Mr. BARTON. That’s correct. 

Mr. POLIS. And even though the national office isn’t here today, 

I have a directive from the national office on Job Corps outlining 

the steps programs should take just for student safety. And I would 

like to ask unanimous consent to submit that to the record. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Without objection. 

Mr. POLIS. It includes the three detectives offered. Even though 

they are not here today share with us. Even further student safety 

had you serious Job Corps directors and programs taking the incidents St. Louis and Homestead and what changes are being made 

to enhance student safety? 

Mr. BARTON. Again, those incidents were shocking, but I can tell 

you the message has been clear. Safety and security is the foremost 

priority in Job Corps. Immediately Job Corps updated the zero tolerance policy, clarified and went to call law enforcement, updated 

center security plans, but more importantly it is about being connected to the student body, making sure that we’re keeping their 

living area safe, their dormitories, their classrooms, the center 

grounds, making sure that students have an outlet to report anything doesn’t seem appropriate or right on job corps centers. 

And there are ways to do that. There has been a national text 

line that has been implemented through our national office. Students have email addresses where they can email staff members, 

any staff member on center, day or night. And so the platform is 

there. The stage has been set, safety and security by far is what 

we watch every day, we are plugged into it, we are making sure 

that centers or at least doing everything we can for the initiatives 

that have been outlined by Mr. Turner and Ms. Barnes. 

Mr. POLIS. And some of those steps that already being taken and 

will further be approved on are some of the reasons that it is 15 

times safer to be in Job Corps than out of Job Corps? 

Mr. BARTON. Just think, there is always room for improvement 

and constantly looking to see what we can do to enhance safety at 

centers and we will continue to do so. 

Mr. POLIS. I also want to ask about your program participation 

with local community colleges. In Colorado, students part pat in 

dual and concurrent enrollment are more likely to continue taking 

classes full-time to get a degree, gives them a leg up in certifications as well. Can you talk about how your Job Corps students 

receive college credit? Are there programs that support dual enrollment in college courses? What’s your experience been with the 

partnering community colleges? 

Mr. BARTON. Certainly. At Earle C. Clements Job Corps center 

we have a great co-enrollment program with the local high school 

with the Union County public school systems where students can 

remain in high school, working on their high school diploma for 

half a day and then half a day work on a career and technical 

training initiative at the center. We also have an outstanding partnership with Henderson Community College. We have 10 students 

enrolled in there and plan to have more in the years to come. But 

again, what’s important wouldn’t be able to do this, they wouldn’t 

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think about doing these things if they didn’t feel comfortable, if 

they didn’t feel safe, if they didn’t know Job Corps was a safe place 

for them to return after college. 

Mr. POLIS. And what would it mean for the students who were 

served by Job Corps if the funding was severely cut or eliminated, 

what would their lives look like? 

Mr. BARTON. Their options would be drastically limited or reduced, it would be very sad. And quite honestly, they would be 

faced with a life with challenges that they had before they enrolled 

in the Job Corps program. 

Mr. POLIS. Thank you. I yield back. 

Mr. GUTHRIE. Thank you Madame Chairwoman for having us 

here today. Thank you for the witness for being here, Mr. Barton, 

particularly coming up from home. Actually, as you know, 

Morganfield, Union County, is in the first district. My colleague 

James Comer has talked to me at least three times this week about 

this hearing and testimony and speaks very highly of the way you 

run your job center and the quality of the job center you have at 

the Earle Clements. 

I also have the Great Onyx, which is in the -- next to the Mammoth Cave national park. So I’m very aware of the good work going 

on in Kentucky. 

But I want to ask Ms. Barnes first a question. It’s my understanding there used to be a suitability policy whereby additional reviews were in place to determine whether an applicant was suitable for Job Corps and that this policy was terminated in the previous administration? 

I know GAO is in its initial stages of looking into the Job Corps 

program. But going forward, do you plan on looking into the contracted admissions process and whether the requirements surrounding admissions are being met, and do you think this is some 

work the GAO should look into? 

Ms. BARNES. We do plan to look at additional safety and security 

issues as well as some of that process. But as you mentioned, we 

are very early on. 

Mr. GUTHRIE. So looking into the suitability of just admissions 

even into the Job Corps program? 

Ms. BARNES. Yes. 

Mr. GUTHRIE. You are looking at that? 

Have you completed any work in this area? You said it’s very 

early in the process. You haven’t really completed any working in 

this area yet? 

Ms. BARNES. Not yet. 

Mr. GUTHRIE. Okay. Thanks for that. 

And, Mr. Turner, in your testimony, you noted that efforts by the 

Department to mitigate some of the noted concerns could have been 

taken much earlier than 2015? 

If the Department had asked you to address your concern in a 

more robust and timely manner, do you think the program would 

be safer today? 

Mr. TURNER. It’s hard to say that, with certainty, that it would 

have been safer. What we have found, through our 2015 and 2017 

report, that when nothing is done, their -- their increase and rate 

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balance moves up a lot more. So that’s one of the things that we 

found. 

But I can’t say that there would have been a change because of 

different personnel with people. And so it’s really hard to say. But 

I just can say that if anything does not take place, then there is 

a marked increase in violence. 

Mr. GUTHRIE. Okay. Well, Mr. Barton, so when the admissions 

process sends people into the Job Corps, is there -- I know they 

used to have the suitability standard. Is there any concern about 

that for you? I know that -- so when they look at the admissions 

process, is this program really suitable for this person coming into 

the program? Have any of you had any experience with that since 

that’s been terminated that you think should be addressed? 

Mr. BARTON. You know, I can tell you at the Earle C. Clements 

Center, we have implemented a pre-arrival call. So it’s a call to the 

student before they arrive on center just to make sure that the student is serious about obtaining an education and training at the 

center, they know what to bring, what to expect. 

Because we’re in a remote location, we are unable to have center 

tours for most of our new arrivals. So the pre-arrival call really 

does take the place of that. And so it suggests to the student that 

they are prepared, they’re ready, and they’re anxious to come. So 

that’s worked well for us. 

Mr. GUTHRIE. Yeah. Union County is remote, but it is beautiful, 

isn’t it? 

Mr. BARTON. It is. 

Mr. GUTHRIE. That you very much. And that completes my questions. 

And I yield back and the balance of my time. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you very much, Mr. Guthrie. Ms. 

Bonamici, you’re recognized for five minutes. 

Ms. BONAMICI. Thank you very much Chair Foxx and Ranking 

Member Scott for holding this hearing. It’s a very important conversation that we’re having. And I know that each and every one 

of us cares greatly about the safety of students at their Job Corps 

locations. And, of course, we’re concerned about that. 

And oftentimes, as we see, the data show that students are actually safer at Job Corps than out in the community. And that’s certainly true with some of my Job Corps centers. 

I have in Oregon, two local Job Corps. Tongue Point Job Corps 

Center is in Astoria, Oregon; and Partners in Vocational Opportunity Training Center, or PIVOT; in Northwest Portland. And I 

visited many times and spoken with students and spoke at the 

graduation at Tongue Point. And I know, Mr. Barton, you talked 

about what that means to those students and their families to see 

a graduation. It’s really, really meaningful. 

Students are earning a whole range of credentials and practical 

skills, including carpentry and seamanship. Astoria is around the 

beautiful Oregon coast. Culinary arts, office administration -- a 

whole range of possibilities and, really, opening up of opportunities 

for them. 

But I want to highlight a story of Cassandra. Cassandra went 

through a culinary arts program at Tongue Point. She graduated 

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makers why Job Corps is important to her -- to develop skills, to 

earn a credential, to learn in a safe environment. And this is particularly important to Cassandra, because Cassandra is 

transgender. And we know how challenging it is for transgender 

youth to be and feel safe in the community. And Cassandra is an 

inspiring young woman who applauded the Tongue Point community for affirming her and making her feel safe in her learning environment. 

So, Mr. Barton, in your testimony, you said for many of our students Job Corps is a refuge. And I know you shared some of the 

stories from your community about what happens when students 

are able to break out of, you know, gang activity and perceived 

threats to their safety. 

So can you expand on some of the challenges that students face 

when they return to their communities? You talked a little bit 

about that. And after you answer that, I want to ask -- Ms. Barnes, 

your preliminary audit refers and includes the data on offsite incidents. So can you explain what that means? And could that include 

incidents that happened outside the purview of Job Corps? That 

doesn’t seem like an accurate way to report on the success of the 

program if, like, Mr. Barton said students leave the program during a holiday or something. 

Can you talk about what that means? And, Mr. Barton, can you 

expand on the challenges that students face when they leave the 

Job Corps campus? 

Mr. BARTON. Absolutely. And most students -- or some students 

do not return home, and they begin that plan early, as soon as they 

arrive on the Job Corps center. They know what their home life is 

like, choose not to return back there. And they begin a plan, a personal career development plan and a projection to not return home. 

Many times they team up with some friends they’ve made at the 

center, move and live locally to give themselves a fresh start. And 

that’s something that our counseling team and staff work with students on center who want to relocate early in their Job Corps career so, when graduation approaches, it’s a smooth transition to a 

new State, new job, new environment, and a fresh start on life. 

And that’s -- that’s the outcome that we’re looking for all of our 

students. 

Ms. BONAMICI. Thank you. 

Ms. Barnes, can you talk about what you meant by offsite? 

Ms. BARNES. Sure. The offsite incidents include activities that 

our supervisors are sponsored by Job Corps as well as those that 

are not. And the reason why we -- it’s included in the data I presented today is because the Department of Labor has a policy in 

their significant incident reporting system to report these type of 

incidents that involve Job Corps students. 

Ms. BONAMICI. Thank you. 

And, Mr. Barton, can you talk about some of the effective strategies to improve safety? We all want students to be safe. So what 

types of programs and services are you implementing at Earle C. 

Clements to ensure safe and welcoming living and learning environment? And can you talk about how you could perhaps share 

that information with other Job Corps centers, is there a way to 

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do that now so that other Job Corps centers can learn from your 

experience in making it a safe environment? 

Mr. BARTON. Sure. I think the most important thing that we do 

at the center is make safety a relevant priority to all students, to 

all staff. We have safety team meetings where students are part of 

those meetings. We make sure that we have regular patrols on center. Checking every bag when students come back for any type of 

trips or passes. 

But more importantly it’s being connected with the student population. Not having a disconnect or a void between staff and students. So, again, managing by walking around, knowing every student, making students or ensuring that students are comfortable to 

report anything that they see that’s out of place on center immediately and them having the confidence in the staff to know that 

we will react and make sure that we take care of that right away. 

So I think it’s a litany of things done at one time to make sure 

that a center is safe. 

Ms. BONAMICI. Thank you. And I see my time has expired. 

Thank you, Madame Chair. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you very much. 

Mr. Estes, you’re recognized for 5 minutes. 

Mr. ESTES. Thank you, Madam Chair. 

One of the things that I want to make sure I focus on in my 

questions is around the safety aspect, which is, I think, the purpose 

of this hearing. I know there’s been a lot of discussion around the 

value of the Job Corps program in general, and I want to make 

sure we focus just on the safety aspect. 

And, Mr. Turner, one of the questions I had was, you know, your 

Department pushed back on the conclusion that law enforcement 

needs to be contacted by Job Corps centers for potential criminal 

misconduct. And the 2017 report indicated there were five assaults 

that required hospital visits that were not reported. 

Is better Department oversight needed to ensure that the infractions are being reported? 

Mr. TURNER. Yes, there is. We felt like that was part of the problem with the Department, that they did not have any kind of system to monitor what was being done to ensure that people were following the policies that it had outlined. 

Law enforcement is a very important part, because without that 

they could compromise any kind of criminal matter that takes 

place. And so we were concerned about that and that further puts 

the students at risk. And that was some concerns that we brought 

out. 

Mr. ESTES. I mean, why would we not -- I mean, have you heard 

explanations or justifications for not reporting? I think that’s the 

appropriate agencies to help provide that support. 

Mr. TURNER. We were surprised. Some of it was they felt like it 

was hard because there were different levels of law enforcement. 

Some at the State, Federal, as well as there -- each city -- our area 

has different agreements. And so there was concern on their part 

in terms of going in and establish separate agreements. We felt like 

it was still worth doing that. 

The other part they pushed back on is that we felt like there 

needs to be something in writing that the staff as well as the stuCEWDOCROOM with DISTILLER

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dents would be able to understand who to contact when something 

does take place or when there is a requirement. And so that was 

part of the problem. There was no written or identified means to 

establish who to contact. And we think that’s important. 

Mr. ESTES. I would agree with you in terms of the important 

standpoint. Being a relatively new Member, we’ve kind of gone 

through the procedures for our offices. And one of the things that 

we’ve addressed with our district offices are some of those aspects 

of what we would do if an incident happened with one of our employees there at our district office. So I think that same kind of 

logic would apply to a Job Corps center. 

The other question I had, Mr. Turner, was around the 2009 and 

2010 audits. And they identified several issues related to safety. 

Have those issues been addressed? 

I can understand maybe all the issues from 2015 wouldn’t be addressed. But those audits that were several years ago now -- should 

have been enough time to be addressed. 

Ms. BARNES. If all the recommendations that came out of 2009- 

2010 timeframe were all addressed and they were all corrected. 

What we found to be a problem is there was nothing in place to 

sustain. There were no policies in place. So there was no spotchecking to ensure that the policies stayed in effect. 

So when we -- there are calls for us to go back and actually do 

some additional audits based on the response that we received from 

2013 and 2012. We had a lot of feedback that we they were getting 

from some of the center students that there as still a violence problem and that was ongoing. And so that prompted our 2015 audit. 

Mr. ESTES. Okay. Thank you. 

Madame Chair, I yield back. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you very much. 

Ms. Shea-Porter, you’re recognized for 5 minutes. 

Ms. Shea-Porter. Thank you very much. 

I think we’re all in agreement that the safety and the welfare is 

incredibly important, probably No. 1, for the responsibility of the 

Job Corps. And so it’s important that we have this hearing. 

But it’s also important to remember what the purpose of the Job 

Corps is and what it does for the disadvantaged youth of our country. So I hope we don’t lose sight of that. And I’ve been encouraged 

by the positive comments that I’ve heard at this hearing. 

2015 saw the opening of a new center near Manchester in my 

State of New Hampshire. And we’re every proud of the work being 

done there. 

Madame Chair, I ask unanimous consent to add into the record 

a letter from the Manchester Police Department sent to this committee expressing their support for the Job Corps work and admission and discussing the partnership they have with New Hampshire Job Corps. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Without objection. 

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Ms. Shea-Porter. Thank you. 

Mr. Turner, on page 10, you said the Job Corps reported it was 

improving physical security as funding permits. Could you expound 

on that? Is funding one of the main reasons that they’re not doing 

this, or can you explain the role that -- and why you wrote that? 

Mr. TURNER. Funding is something, ma’am, that I think that the 

Department would be better equipped to address in terms of 

whether or not they could afford to do some of their actions. 

Ms. Shea-Porter. Okay. So when they gave you that statement, 

you just took it and put it into the report. But we don’t really know 

if funding is -- 

Mr. TURNER. Well, I do know that they have received additional 

funding for some of the physical concerns -- as far as physical security for some of the centers. I think for this year they have 12 million that they’re going to dedicate for 12 centers, and I think next 

-- 14 centers -- I’m sorry. And next year they have another 12 million for 12 additional centers. 

There was a lot of things that we found out in our report from 

just a physical security aspect, from perimeter to just metal detectors and just lighting around the different centers. So those were 

some of the things. And when they explained it to us, they did indicate that they had ran out of funding. And that’s why that some 

of those centers did not have those improvements. 

Ms. Shea-Porter. Okay. So based on what they told you and what 

you wrote, funding does appear to have some role -- or lack of funding in some role -- 

Mr. TURNER. It has some role. But, again, they could speak better to that than we could. But, yes, we were told that it did have 

some role. 

Ms. Shea-Porter. Okay. Thank you. 

And you said they corrected everything but they need to stay on 

it so -- 

Mr. TURNER. Yes. Again, we found that to be -- the bigger problem is that, once you correct something, that you got to say: You 

know what? When you look at audits, there is really two big pieces 

to that. One of it is to identify what’s wrong and to -- correcting 

it. And the other piece of that is ensure that there is a sustainment 

effort- that you don’t go back to the problems you had before. 

Ms. Shea-Porter. Okay. Thank you. 

And, Mr. Barton, do you think funding has anything to do with 

some of this? I recognize that it’s not all of it. Some of it, you know, 

the directors bear responsibility for not reporting and not having 

the relationship that they need to have with the P.D. et cetera. 

But do you think funding has some role in what we’re talking 

about. 

Mr. BARTON. You know, maybe that would be a better question 

for the Department of Labor. But I can tell you that Mr. Turner, 

in his statement, said that Job Corps has reacted. There has been 

a lot of corrections that have taken place already. And I think 

that’s the position that we’re going to continue on. Constant improvement, constant enhancements, making sure we’re alert and 

aware, and keeping safety and security the foremost initiative in 

Job Corps. 

CEWDOCROOM with DISTILLER

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Ms. Shea-Porter. Okay. The purpose of the question is, if it’s a 

question of funding in any way for security, that’s something that 

we would have to address right away if that could make the students safer there. 

Also, Mr. Barton, what are you proudest of? When you think 

about, you know, the work that you do, what’s the thing that you 

are the proudest of? 

Mr. BARTON. You know, I think what makes me proud, and possibly a lot of my colleagues, is making a difference in the lives of 

students that were really in challenging positions before they’ve arrived at Job Corps. 

Ms. Shea-Porter. Okay. And do you have a network with other 

center directors? Do you have a way to, like, share, exchange ideas, 

any peer review? Is there any way -- because, obviously -- like 

we’re very proud of ours in New Hampshire. But there appear to 

be a few that need more support or need some change. Do you have 

any kind of network that allows all of you to communicate with one 

another, and is there a peer-review system? 

Mr. BARTON. You know, I can tell you Job Corps refers to those 

as best practices. There was a time when we were able to have 

meetings and come together as center directors. That has since 

changed. And we’re hopeful that one day maybe those CD meetings 

and other Job Corps-related meetings can occur again, because 

they were extremely beneficial. 

Ms. Shea-Porter. So you don’t even have like a phone network or 

any way that you can -- 

Mr. BARTON. Phone and email, certainly. 

Ms. Shea-Porter. Right. 

Mr. BARTON. But the meetings were effective as well. 

Ms. Shea-Porter. Right. 

So there’s no peer review, peer encouragement, any best practices exchanged very little right now. Am I correct? 

Mr. BARTON. Within the Job Corps companies, I would imagine 

that best practices are exchanged, yes. 

Ms. Shea-Porter. Okay. Thank you. 

I yield back. 

Chairwoman Foxx. The gentle lady’s time has expired. 

Mr. Barletta, you’re recognized for 5 minutes. 

Mr. BARLETTA. Thank you. 

Madam Chair, I ask unanimous consent to enter a letter from 

the National Job Corps Association into the permanent hearing 

record. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Without objection. 

[The information follows:] 

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Mr. BARLETTA. Mr. Barton, thank you for being here and all that 

you do for the Job Corps program. As the Republican chair of the 

Job Corps Caucus, I have long been supportive of the program. The 

Keystone Job Core Center operates in my district. And during my 

time as mayor of Hazelton, Pennsylvania, I witnessed the great 

things that Job Corps can do for these young adults that traditional educational systems could not. I’ve also seen the local partnerships that the Keystone Center has developed and the tremendous benefit that those relationships have had on my local area. 

When I was mayor, the Keystone students worked to restore the 

old sidewalks around city hall. They also took part in the downtown beautification project, and they designed these beautiful trash 

receptacles that are still there today. The students there helped 

volunteer fire departments perform smoke alarm tests and go door 

to door offering their assistance installing working detectors. 

They participated in the United Way’s annual Thanksgiving dinner and even volunteer with Habitat for Humanity. The culinary 

students put their skills to use by preparing meals for many of our 

local events. And I’ve also had tremendous Job Corps students intern in my Hazelton congressional district office. And just as Keystone gives back to their community, the community invests in 

them. 

Keystone has a strong working relationship with the Butler 

Township police department. A partnership that spans over 50 

years. The cooperation between the center and the police department is based on open and constant communication. 

Most recently, an officer came to speak to the students in the security program about the rewards and challenges of being in law 

enforcement. Local church leaders visit once a week giving students a chance to talk to someone from outside the center if something is bothering them. Retired folks in the community even drop 

by to tutor those students. Many students simply do not have access to these types of positive relationships before they came to 

Keystone. 

Now, I’m citing these examples, as you can see, that the students 

are very involved in our community. The management at Keystone 

has told me their community partnerships help to reduce safety incidents. And I can see why. Teaching students to live in the community, and to be part of one, fosters a sense of self value that 

lends itself to a sense of accountability to others. 

I’m proud to represent Keystone, and I believe that every Job 

Corps center has the responsibility to be a good neighbor. I also 

recognize that Job Corps centers are the first time students have 

been away from the place where they grew up. Helping them realize a new sense of community is fundamental in making them feel 

at home, and so is their safety. 

So my question, Mr. Barton, is we can all agree that one death 

or incidence of violence is one too many. Can you tell me about the 

efforts your center undertakes to engage students in the local community, and if you believe these activities increase safety? And are 

there ways that the Department of Labor can encourage Job Corps 

centers across the country to become more involved with their local 

communities to encourage a culture of accountability, safety, and 

security? 

CEWDOCROOM with DISTILLER

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Mr. BARTON. First of all, thank you for being chair of the Job 

Corps caucus. We appreciate that. And I need to tell you that, at 

Earle C. Clements, we -- and just hearing those stores at Keystone, 

it’s quite similar at Earle C. Our culinary students make or prepare meals for Veterans Day, and are always assisting in the community. 

But I can tell you that an initiative led by our national office of 

Job Corps -- it’s called Youth to Youth. And that was rolled out. 

That initiative was put forward 6 months ago or so. And it is an 

anti-bullying platform. And it encouraged students to get out in the 

community, work with local school systems, work with local residents to send a message that there are other ways to solve problems besides bullying and hazing and fighting. And that initiative 

has been extremely beneficial to Job Corps. 

Students across the country have expressed other coping skills to 

deal with problems other than violence or arguments and teaching 

students how to get to an end without conflict. So that Y2Y, is 

what’s it’s referred to, has been extremely popular and successful 

in Job Corps. And we’re going to continue those types of initiatives 

moving forward. 

Mr. BARLETTA. Thank you for the work you’re doing. 

Thank you, Madame Chair. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you. The gentleman’s time has expired. 

Ms. Wilson, you’re recognized for 5 minutes. 

Ms. WILSON of Florida. Thank you, Madam Chair. 

This is really earth-shattering for me today to be here at this 

hearing. I think this is the first time since I’ve come to Congress 

that I’ve had three African-American people testifying before a 

committee. So I say welcome to you. And you’re testifying about 

something that is very close to my heart. Job Corps. 

And I’ve had experience with Job Corps since I was a very young 

woman. My sorority, Alpha Kappa Alpha, operated the Cleveland 

Job Corps for 30 years. And I was involved in all of that operation. 

And I want to say to Mr. Bartlett, I want to join the Job Corps 

Caucus. And I appreciate them having a Job Corps Caucus. 

As African-American people, we don’t have much. Society has not 

-- has seen that our children don’t have the many opportunities 

that other children have. So the safety that they have put in place, 

that the government has put in place, and the few things that we 

do have for these children, one of them that I try to champion is 

Job Corps. 

And Job Corps is one of the best kept secrets in this Nation. And 

if more people knew the good that Job Corps does, the more support Job Corps would get. 

So I can tell you about the Job Corps center in Miami. The Job 

Corps center in Miami sends to me an intern every semester. From 

the time I served on the Miami-Dade County school board, I’ve had 

Job Corps children interning at my office. 

Whenever I have community events, the ROTC from the Job 

Corps performs at every community event I have. I have HIV/AIDS 

summits for Black AIDS Day, for National Aids Day. My volunteers are always from Job Corps. I have a huge job fair every year, 

and all of the school of Job Corps is there to help with that. We 

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have a drug conference every year, and they are there. We have 

antiviolence conferences, and they are there. 

And I have letters to put into the record from our Miami Gardens Police Department, and it says: ‘‘This letter serves to confirm 

the outstanding relationship the City of Miami Gardens Police Department has with Miami Job Corp Center. We’’ -- 

Chairwoman Foxx. Without objection. 

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Ms. WILSON of Florida. ‘‘We consider the Miami Job Corps center 

students and staff to be great partners.’’ 

And I know how important it is for you serving organizations to 

have solid relationship with law enforcement. Can you speak to 

your center’s relationships, Mr. Barton, with the police department? Because we have a great partnership. 

And I’ll let you speak in a minute, but I want to make sure that 

I submit these letters for the record: One from the Miami Gardens 

Police Department, one from Florida Memorial University that has 

a partnership with Job Corps, one from the Kiwanis club, and one 

for -- from Urban Growing Institute. And I want you -- 

Chairwoman Foxx. Without objection. 

[The information follows:] 

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Ms. WILSON of Florida. -- to come to Miami and see how the 

Miami Job Corps operates. I want you to listen to the stories that 

I listen to every day. I go to Job Corps two and three times a year 

to speak to them. They’re in my office all the time. 

This is a refuge for these children. Please. Whatever you can, 

protect Job Corps. Think about where they would be, especially the 

black boys, if there was no Job Corps. And we all know the answer 

to that. 

And I just want to say to Mr. Turner, you mentioned that the 

12 centers you visited -- that the report had security weaknesses 

and that it was related to the physical campus. Could many of 

these issues you say are the cause of inadequate security cameras, 

security staff shortages, is that a result of funding? So let us look 

at how we’re funding these Job Corps centers. 

And, Mr. Barton tell me about the police with law enforcement 

with your -- 

Chairwoman Foxx. The gentle woman’s time has expired. 

Ms. WILSON of Florida. Oh, I yield back. 

Chairwoman Foxx. You’re recognized for 5 minutes. 

Mr. GARRETT. Thank you, Madame Chair. 

I wonder if any of the panelists could tell me what percentage 

of Job Corps participants are female? 

Mr. BARTON. Well, I can tell you, at the Earle C. Clements Center, we have currently 16 percent female. 

Mr. GARRETT. So let me start by saying that I have had the 

unique opportunity repeatedly to visit the Old Dominion Job Corps, 

and I’m familiar personally with Danny Grimes, the director of 

that center. And I am a vociferous advocate for the good work done 

by Job Corps. 

My contention is that, inherent to American citizenship, is the 

right to have an opportunity, and that Job Corps creates opportunity for young people in circumstances wherein often that opportunity is too difficult to find. 

Having said that, the subject matter of this hearing isn’t about 

support for Job Corps. I think there’s near consensus that Job 

Corps is an effective and excellent program that extends opportunity to young people who might have been born amongst the 

least fortunate of us. But it’s about the safety at Job Corps centers. 

And the reason I began my questioning with what percentage of 

Job Corps participants were female, is the data in the ETA that 

we were provided and the statistics and specifically, in this instance with relation to sexual assault. It’s not difficult to determine 

the rate of sexual assault per 100,000 population in the country. 

It’s not difficult to ascertain that the groups demographically and 

age-wise most disproportionally affected by sexual assault are the 

age and demographics of the Job Corps participant pools. But it’s 

still troubling when you learn without regard for the percentage of 

females in the program, which are 77 times more likely to be a victim of a sexual assault than at the population at large. Conceding, 

of course, that the numbers are higher for the 18-to-24 age bracket 

which primarily is served by Job Corps. 

It’s terribly troubling to me when you learn that 82 to 90 percent 

of victims of sexual assault are female and the population of the 

Job Corps centers is roughly 16 percent female. And that you’re 

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still 77 times more likely to be the victim of a sexual assault based 

on the data that we’ve been provided in a Job Corps center. 

Likewise, we heard testimony from my colleague for whom I hold 

great regard, Congressman Polis from Colorado, that you’re actually at a lower risk of becoming a victim of homicide in the Job 

Corps, but that doesn’t change the fact that participants in Job 

Corps were 14 times more likely than the general population to be 

a victim of homicide. 

Now, in the general population pool, amongst the ages served by 

Job Corps, the number is about 15 times more likely; right? So we 

can demonstrate that Job Corps is, in fact, a safer place fractionally and that we’re really reaching out to people who need the help 

the most? 

But I guess what I’m driving at here is I support Job Corps. I 

support maintaining funding for Job Corps antithetical to the budget of the President who occupies the White House who’s of my 

party. But we do have a safety issue or else there wouldn’t be a 

hearing. 

So I suppose the point that I’m driving at here is thank you all 

for the good work you do, but we’re not done yet. There’s more that 

needs to be done. And recognizing that, for example, young women 

in 4-year colleges are three times more likely to be victims of sexual assault than the population at large. 

And so, yes, there are circumstances that are horrible that we 

should seek to address while it’s not throwing out the proverbial 

baby with the bathwater, right? You guys do good work on the 

oversight side, on the running-the-facility side, on the program 

side. But let’s keep trying to push these numbers down; right? 

So I want to color my remarks with a thank you and an 

imploration to continue to try to do even better. I don’t disagree 

that Job Corps provides better circumstances for young people than 

they would have outside the Job Corps. But the numbers are still 

such that we need to do more. That’s all. 

Madame Chair, I yield back my time and again thank the panelists, all three. I don’t want to see this program be hurt, because 

people point out numbers like these and use it as an excuse to hurt 

this program. There’s too much good going on. Let’s make it better. 

Thank you. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you, Mr. Garrett. 

Mr. Espaillat, you’re recognized for 5 minutes. 

Mr. ESPAILLAT. Thank you, Madame Chair. 

This is a great program, one of a few programs that has survived 

since the 1960s, including Head Start, Medicaid, Medicare. This 

particular program, the Job Corps program, I think is an example 

of what we can do for our -- the people that we represent. What 

government can do. How government can be a force of good and do 

for the people that we represent. Obviously, just like any other program, it will encounter difficulties. 

Violence is not exclusive of the Job Corps program. You know, 

there’s sexual assault going on in the -- unfortunately, in the 

armed forces. Sexual assault against women in colleges across the 

Nation. Violence in the schools. Unfortunate and tragic shootings 

in the schools. So violence, in general -- it’s a problem across society, and it is not exclusive of the Job Corps. I think the Job Corps, 

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in fact, have helped reduce violence in urban settings by giving 

young people that would otherwise be exposed to violence an opportunity to move forward. 

So, you know, I don’t think that we should dismantle this program. I think that we should strengthen it and work with the program to ensure that steps are taken to cure any incidents of violence, just as they occurred across our society. I don’t think Job 

Corps has ownership of that. It is pervasive across society. 

And so, Mr. Barton, I know that you first started in Job Corps 

in the South Bronx, in New York, the State that I represent. And 

I just want to know: Do you have any numbers for how many people from New York are participating in the Job Corps, by any 

chance? 

Mr. BARTON. At the Earle C. Center? 

Mr. ESPAILLAT. Yes. 

Mr. BARTON. I don’t have those right now, to be specific. 

Mr. ESPAILLAT. I would appreciate if you can share with them 

with me at some point. 

Ms. BARNES. I will do that. 

Mr. ESPAILLAT. I want to get that information. And if you can 

even make them by congressional district, it will be even a greater 

tool for us to know exactly what our -- how many young people in 

our district are benefiting from -- what would occur to these young 

people if the program was dismantled? I mean, what -- what would 

happen? Explain to me. You were a participant. What would happen? 

Mr. BARTON. I think initially many students wouldn’t know what 

to do. Many would be forced to return home to a home life with 

extreme challenges, no work, lack of skills, lack of education, lack 

of any type of credential, forced to take low-wage jobs. And it would 

just create a continuous cycle of not achieving, not feeling as if 

there’s any future. 

I think what Job Corps brings is hope for the future, a safe 

haven for students to achieve high school diplomas, trades, primary 

credentials, and right to work. And it’s so important that -- that we 

acknowledge that students are leaving, going right to work. 

Again, at Earle C. Clements, we have a 90 percent placement 

rate. Students would not achieve that if they didn’t feel safe. It’s 

just a wonderful opportunity for young people to better their lives. 

Mr. ESPAILLAT. What kind of professions and trades are young 

people graduating with the skills to then go into the workforce? 

This is a great job-producing program. What kind of skills are you 

teaching them that are -- that is consistent with the need that we 

have in society for jobs? 

Mr. BARTON. At Earle C. Clements, we have carpentry, electrician, we have the deckhand trade, we have facility maintenance, 

which is warehousing. And all of these trades are applicable to 

entry and mid-level jobs. 

Right now, we have a litany of nursing and healthcare trades at 

the center. And so we know, with the proper training, with the 

proper work ethic, that are our students will graduate the program 

and move on to great jobs and great careers and change their lives 

and, more importantly, their family’s lives. 

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Mr. ESPAILLAT. Madame Chair, thank you. I just want to say 

that, again, the Job Corps does not have exclusivity in violence 

across America. We want to work with them to save this program 

and strengthen their -- the steps that they have already begun to 

take to ensure that no incidents occur in the future. 

I yield back my time. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you very much. 

Mr. Ferguson -- excuse me. Mr. Lewis, you’re next for 5 minutes. 

Mr. LEWIS. Thank you, Madame Chair, and thank you to the witnesses today. I don’t think there’s any doubt in this room that everybody agrees with the goals that we’re trying to get to. I’m especially enthused by the emphasis on vocational training and what 

you’re doing and what some of the other programs are doing. 

But there does appear to be a problem here. The law is fairly 

clear. -- Mr. Turner, I’ll start with you -- on the zero tolerance policy for acts of violence and drugs and other disruptive activity. But 

as the, you know, inspector general report or the audit revealed, 

there were center operators that did not report 21 percent of the 

serious infractions. They downgraded 15 percent of other infractions. There were situations where the OIG found that centers 

were not contacting law enforcement for 140 out of 348 potential 

serious criminal misconduct instances. That’s 40 percent. Twelve 

centers did not report numerous significant incidents to Job Corps. 

The cooperative agreement supposedly established with law enforcement did not materialize. And I’m trying to figure out why 

that is. 

You know, in your written testimony, you suggested that there 

was an attempt to avoid some of the adverse effects of early dismissals on the performance outcomes. Let me be blunt. Do you think 

there’s been a culture of -- or a conflict of interest, if you will, that, 

look, if we report all this stuff, contract renewals could be in jeopardy, our centers are not going to look quite as good, they’re not 

going to meet their goals, and so someone’s turning the other 

cheek? 

Mr. TURNER. While we did not investigate intentional fraud or 

criminal fraud, we did find that there may have been several reasons for this. 

One of those reasons we feel like may have been in some cases 

where the center operator was trying to give the students a second 

chance, in some cases. We also feel like it could have been human 

error. But we also thought there was a possibility that there may 

have been some performance, you know, motivation behind that. 

We felt like, in some cases, the center may have had a conflict of 

interest, meaning that if they had to -- if they had to graduate X 

amount of students and they fall short of that, it could have impact 

on their performance of their contract renewal. 

Mr. LEWIS. Yeah. And -- 

Mr. TURNER. Or bonuses that may be associated with it as well. 

Mr. LEWIS. Exactly. And then that concerns me deeply, because 

you’ve got, as they say, a bit of a conflict of interest there operating 

and -- at the expense of a lot of young people. 

Do we have plans to put something in place to provide incentives 

in the other direction to make certain we get compliance and reinstate the zero policy with some effectiveness? 

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Mr. TURNER. Well, we have not done enough work on this one 

way or the other. But we can look to do more. It is a concern that 

we have raised with the department. And so we do share your concern. 

Mr. LEWIS. Thank you. 

Mr. Barton, I’d like to continue with regard to the effectiveness 

of the program. I want to make certain we’re getting our money’s 

worth. We’re going to debate a CTE bill that this committee has 

been working on today. It provides about a billion dollars -- 1.1 billion a year for Federal support for career and technical education. 

And yet the Job Corps program costs us $1.7 billion a year for 

50,000 students. That’s $33,000 per student. Where can we get efficiencies here? That seems to be a little bit of a high price to me. 

Mr. BARTON. Well, I think we have to look what Job Corps does. 

Wrap-around services; day and evening structured programs; a safe 

haven to obtain a high school diploma; achieve multiple credentials; go right into the world of work, college, advanced training, 

and/or the military. And so when you look at the multiple benefits 

that over 50,000 students will receive across the country from Job 

Corps, the student-year cost all of a sudden seems absolutely worth 

it. Job Corps is an outstanding spend for thousands of students. 

Mr. LEWIS. And yet the study you cited found little difference between Job Corps participants and nonparticipants in earnings after 

four years completing the program. 

Mr. BARTON. I -- 

Mr. LEWIS. How do you -- yeah. Go ahead. 

Mr. BARTON. I think students to have a long-term plan. And 

that’s one of the things that Job Corps assists students with: Planning for their future, making sure that they have a good career 

track, and that the CTT offering that they choose or select has 

many options and avenues, that they can continue to increase their 

education level, increase their wages, and make sure they can do 

better for them and their families. 

And there’s just one thing that I do want to say about a question 

that you were asking Mr. Turner. Job Corps centers -- it does not 

help a Job Corps center to keep a student that is not paying attention to the rules and regulations. What that does is hurt the culture. 

Mr. LEWIS. Certainly -- we all certainly agree with that. 

Thank you for your testimony. I yield back. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you very much, Mr. Lewis. 

Mr. Takano, you’re recognized for 5 minutes. 

Mr. TAKANO. Thank you, Madame Chair. I apologize. This seat 

over here was kind of stuck, and that’s why it went -- I just wanted 

to let you know. 

Chairwoman Foxx. No problem. 

Mr. TAKANO. Okay. 

Mr. Barton, I just want to -- this issue of efficiency and CTE 

funding to school districts versus the number of students you serve 

through the budget that you have, is it really fair to compare the 

supplemental CTE funding that school districts get with the complete total wraparound services that you provide for the young people that come to your program? 

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Mr. BARTON. You know, I think the question is where would the 

-- the students that we serve go? That’s the question -- traditional 

schooling -- many of them had trouble in traditional schooling, and 

they turned to Job Corps as an alternative for their education. 

And so one of the things that is a platform for Job Corps is primary credentials. CTT training, ensuring that you leave with a 

high school diploma. And not looking for a job, leaving with employment. 

So certainly it’s beneficial. The spend of dollars for students moving through the program to obtain these credentials and to complete their trades and moving right into work, it absolutely makes 

sense to continue to fund that. 

Mr. TAKANO. Yeah. I was just getting at -- there was a comparison being drawn to the number of students that are served with 

CTE funding versus the number of students that are funded 

through Job Corps. But I was trying to make the point that it was 

maybe an unfair comparison, it’s apples and oranges, because you 

have a more holistic complete wraparound that you serve with the 

students, not supplemental funding with CTE. And it’s quite remarkable you actually are -- these students are leaving with the 

ability -- your program with the ability to go straight into the job. 

That is quite remarkable. 

Mr. Barton, you were an academic manager for a Job Corps at 

one point. Can you speak to where many students are academically 

when they arrive into the program? 

Mr. BARTON. Sure. Certainly. 

Speaking for Earle C. Clements, the majority of our students 

enter with a reading and math level at about the 8th grade level, 

8th or 9th grade level. So certainly, that’s a challenge from the 

very beginning. And again, wraparound services, offering tutoring, 

day and evening programs. Can’t stress that enough. That is when 

there is idle time. And we need to capture that time with tutoring, 

structured programs to ensure that students are leaving with reading and math gains which is essential for high school diploma 

achievement. And -- 

Mr. TAKANO. A lot of developmental educational work is developing their reading skills, developing their math skills. How intensive is the student-to-instructor ratio? I mean, is it a small ratio? 

Is it 10 to 1? 20 to 1? As far as the number of instructors per -- 

or students per instructor. 

Mr. BARTON. Right. So in most our classrooms, academic and 

CTT, it’s about 12 to 1. 

Mr. TAKANO. Yeah. That’s what I was thinking. It’s pretty intense. And that’s -- that can be expensive. But it’s necessary with 

intensive developmental education that’s really going to perform 

and deliver results. 

Mr. Barton, you state in your written testimony that many Job 

Corps students have been unsuccessful in a traditional education 

system and have learned maladaptive behaviors for the classroom 

or workplace. Can you speak to how Job Corps responds to youth 

under these circumstances and works to ensure that these young 

people can thrive academically? And you’ve already mentioned 

some of them in your early response? 

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Mr. BARTON. Right. I think it starts with residential living, making sure that students know how to take care of their home, which, 

in Job Corps, is their room. But waking up on time, dressing for 

success, wearing your uniform, showing up on time, being attentive 

in class, being attentive to work-based learning opportunities or internships in the local and not-so-distant area, and showing that 

work ethic to their supervisor and on-the-job training that they go 

every day, that they have the ability to come in, follow directions, 

and have the foresight to do the job well. 

Mr. TAKANO. So in your written testimony, you speak to how 

your center has improved in its efforts with regard to high school 

completion and credential attainment. Can you speak to those efforts and what it has meant for the center and its students? 

Mr. BARTON. Oh, I think it’s just -- the placement rate over 90 

percent is phenomenal. And what a good feeling it is to watch a 

student walk across the graduation stage, knowing they’re leaving 

with their high school diploma, their trade, multiple credentials, 

and a job. And as I’ve stated before, for many of our students, 

they’re first in their family. And so the primary credential is the 

graduate placement. All of those things are attained because students feel welcome, safe, secure, and it’s in an environment for 

learning. 

Mr. TAKANO. That 12-to-1 ratio -- I just want to go back to that. 

I just remember visiting Duke University in North Carolina and 

asking what they do for their freshman writing class. And it’s a 12- 

to-1 ratio. And that kind of, I think, intensity and expenditure and 

attention to young people, I think, is -- you know, is requisite. 

Madame Chair, I’m over my time. I yield back. 

Mr. BARTON. Right. I just need to add, that may vary in some 

class at some times on centers. 

Mr. TAKANO. Thank you. 

Thank you. 

Chairwoman Foxx. The gentleman’s time has expired. 

Mr. Grothman, you’re recognized for 5 minutes. 

Mr. GROTHMAN. Right. I want to dance around between all of you 

here, but I -- Mr. Barton said something that offended me a little 

bit, and I’d like to ask him to elaborate on it. 

Somebody asked what would happen to these folks if they were 

not in Job Corps, and you responded they might have to take a 

low-paying job. I will tell you, I wish we had all the Congressmen 

around here. Maybe next time Chairman Foxx can go around the 

table and see how much the first job that every one of these Congressmen -- had how much it paid. 

But you clearly belittled the idea of a low-paying job, like it was 

something not worth doing. And I’ve always felt that employers, 

when they look to hire somebody, they’re not as much concerned 

about the credentialism or -- or something like Job Corps. Have 

you done another job? Have you shown that you’re going to show 

up all the time? Are you courteous, you know? Do you have an employer who’s going to say something nice about you? 

And I assume you’re, to a certain extent, a leader in a community. And I was very concerned that you said that, well, if they 

weren’t in Job Corps, they might have to have a low-paying job, 

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like it wasn’t worthwhile to work for $8 or $9 or $10 an hour. Do 

you want to maybe elaborate on that a little bit? 

Mr. BARTON. Yes. And certainly didn’t mean to offend you or 

anyone else. And it’s -- and so let me say this: What we want for 

our students is for them to attain their high school diploma, multiple credentials, and the opportunity to make a -- or to enter into 

the workforce equipped to take care of their families and themselves. So certainly, any job that our student gets, we’re proud of 

them. However, we want to make sure that they’re equipped to get 

the best employment possible currently and throughout their working career. 

Mr. GROTHMAN. Okay. I think there are probably very few people 

in our society who can say their first job paid 15 bucks an hour or 

more. And I certainly -- if I was looking to hire somebody, I would 

look and see what type of jobs they had before. I wouldn’t want to 

see a credential. I want to see, you know, have you shown that 

you’re a hard worker? Have you shown that you can hang around 

somewhere for 1 or 2 years. And to kind of imply that there was 

something wrong with an 18-year-old or 19-year-old making 8 or 9 

bucks an hour, I think you’re sending entirely the wrong message. 

I would be much more likely to hire somebody who was making 

8 or 9 bucks an hour and doing a good job at it than somebody coming out of Job Corps, in part because of the reasons for this hearing. And I will open it up to Ms. Barnes and Mr. Turner as well. 

I suppose the goal of Job Corps is to wind up with somebody getting a job. And when you hear these statistics, like 50,000 injuries 

or illnesses, and -- you begin to wonder how tight a ship they’re 

running at Job Corps. You know, if I have to pick at somebody -- 

if I have an employer and I have to decide somebody who’s been 

working for -- or at least experiencing Job Corps and somebody 

who is working at a $9 or a $10 an hour job for 2 years, I’m telling 

you, when I -- when I -- if I was paying attention to this hearing, 

I’d take the person who was working for 8 or 9 or 10 bucks an hour 

for two years every time. 

Because if that person had been working there for that long a period of time, I know that man or woman had proven themselves as 

worthwhile to an employer out there and would be much more likely to prove themselves worthwhile to me as opposed to a program 

that looks to me kind of loosey-goosey. 

Ms. Barnes or Mr. Turner, do you care to respond to that? Do 

you think it will make it more difficult or does make it more difficult for employers to hire Job Corps graduates when this sort of 

-- these newspaper articles get out there? I mean, you can understand, as an employer, why maybe some of these people would be 

-- would have been better off just working at a regular job even if 

that regular job paid 8 or 9 bucks an hour. 

Ms. BARNES. Yeah, I understand what you’re saying. But that 

was outside of the scope of what we did for this review. 

Mr. TURNER. It’s also outside the scope for us. I think, to get to 

your bigger point, it’s important that Job Corps clean up the balance in Job Corps so that the image of students that graduate, I 

think, would be more positive. 

Mr. GROTHMAN. Okay. Do you know -- and I don’t know that you 

guys would have it or Mr. Barton would know. Do you know how 

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many students were unable to get a job after leaving Job Corps because they failed a drug test? 

Mr. BARTON. How many students were unable? 

Mr. GROTHMAN. Yeah. Does that ever happen? In my district, one 

of the problems -- you know, first of all, at this time, Job Corps is 

least needed because our -- at least in my area, the unemployment 

rate is so low. But one of the problems employers have in my area 

is a lot of them say that they don’t want to hire new employees 

who can’t pass a drug test. 

And I wondered, is that a problem for Job Corps recipients? Are 

you doing constant drug tests to make sure that, when they leave 

Job Corps, they at least aren’t going to, you know, stumble the first 

hurdle because they’re flunking a -- 

Mr. BARTON. Right. I can tell you that we have a 90 percent 

placement rate. And so that suggests that our graduates are being 

hired and are able to pass a test. But I don’t have a specific number for that. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Mr. Grothman, you’re time has expired. The 

Gentleman can submit questions -- 

Mr. GROTHMAN. Okay. 

Chairwoman Foxx. -- to the witnesses and gather that statistic 

if it is -- if it is out there. And I would encourage you to do that. 

Ms. Adams, you’re recognized for 5 minutes. 

Ms. ADAMS. Thank you, Madame Chair. And I want to thank the 

ranking member as well and thank you all for your testimony. 

This hearing sheds light on some important issues that affect Job 

Corps programs and many at-risk youth that it serves. The hope 

that -- as we focus on the unacceptable safety and security lapses 

that certain Job Corps centers, that we don’t throw the baby out 

with the bathwater and fundamentally change the program that 

serves over 800 students in the State of North Carolina whose mortality rate for students rests far below that of the general population. 

In fact, we can honestly say that to get rid of Job Corps would 

put our students in a far more dangerous position than they currently find themselves in. So to that end, Madame Chair, I have 

a letter from the Henderson Police Department, which serves the 

Job Corps center in Kittrell, North Carolina, that expresses that 

sentiment. And I’d like to enter it into the record recovered. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Without objection. 

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Ms. ADAMS. All right. Thank you. 

I want to focus on the great services that Job Corps has to offer 

to our communities and the damage underfunding of the program 

will do to our local economies. 

I also have a letter, Madame Chair, from the Henderson-Vance 

Chamber of Commerce that expresses that sentiment as well and 

would like to -- get enter this into the record as well. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Without objection. 

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Ms. ADAMS. Thank you. 

Mr. Turner. Let me start with you. You mentioned that your follow-up report was partially in response to the two student murders 

that were conducted in 2015. So considering your prior report covers the time between 2009 to 2015, would you agree that Job Corps 

did not have time to fully implement your recommendations or improve their program management based on the initial report before 

you began to collect data for the follow-up on report? 

Mr. TURNER. Well, ma’am, let me just say that those were two 

different reports. The first report dealt with student discipline, and 

the second report dealt with engagement of law enforcement, also 

review a physical -- I mean, physical security around the centers. 

And then also what kind of proactive actions could be taken by the 

center to mitigate some of the problems that we identify with law 

enforcement. 

Ms. ADAMS. Would you -- would it be fair to say that Job Corps 

should have time to implement your recommendations before further judgment of the program safety or effectiveness? 

Mr. TURNER. No, ma’am, because we actually felt like there was 

a follow-on report that was, again, separate but touched on some 

of the same themes. But it was a completely different report. So 

we stand by our report. 

Ms. ADAMS. Okay. Ms. Barnes, your report mentioned the number of offsite incidents. Does offsite incidents data include times 

when a Job Corps student was not under supervision of Job Corps? 

Ms. BARNES. It does include that. It includes other things such 

as supervised program-related activities, like field trips. I mean, we 

included those because the Department of Labor’s policy, all incidents are required to be reported that involve Job Corps students, 

whether they’re onsite or offsite. 

Ms. ADAMS. What about victims? 

Ms. BARNES. Victims? 

Ms. ADAMS. Uh-huh. 

Ms. BARNES. Victims are included in -- you mean offsite or onsite? 

Ms. ADAMS. Onsite. 

Ms. BARNES. Onsite. Yeah. We do have -- did include information 

on victims as well as the perpetrators in the data. 

Ms. ADAMS. Okay. All right. Thank you very much. I have no further questions. 

Madame Chair, I yield back. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you, Ms. Adams. 

I thank our witnesses again for taking the time to testify before 

the committee today. And I recognize Ranking Member Scott for 

his closing remarks. 

Mr. SCOTT. Thank you, Madame Chair. And I’d like to thank the 

witnesses for testifying today. I want to thank the -- and thank you 

for calling the hearing. 

We’ve heard a lot about how the Job Corps is transformational 

for the overwhelming number of students who finish this program. 

And we’ve heard that from both sides of the aisle. We’ve learned 

about skills training. We did have a comment from our colleague 

from Wisconsin about whether it’s better to be in the Job Corps or 

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yard and have a choice between someone who has been working a 

low-skilled job or someone that has their welding certificate and 

knows how to weld, there’s no question you’d obviously pick the 

welder for that nice-paying job rather than the person that had 

been working at a low-skill job. 

Now, I’m not brushing aside the violent acts that have occurred 

at Job Corps centers or as the gentlelady from North Carolina has 

just noticed, that you could be, to be in these statistics, offsite and 

a victim. It’s kind of hard to credit the Job Corps for that situation. 

But these are serious problems, and programs need to continue to 

work to improve center safety and implement the inspector general 

recommendations. 

But let’s be clear. As we’ve heard from both sides, these young 

people -- some of the hardest-to-serve young people are a lot better 

off in the program than continue on the trajectory that they would 

have been in had it not been for the Job Corps. 

Mr. SCOTT. And society is a whole lot better off with young people getting jobs, rather than being on the way to jail. 

The OIG and GAO reports do not provide a context or even comparisons to what happens to Job Corps population compared to 

similar demographics that do not get into Job Corps. And I think 

when you compare those two data sets, we’ll find the Job Corps is 

a good deal for these young people, but of course there is always 

room for improvement. 

And we need to make sure that all the improvements that can 

be made are made. I would like to thank the inspector general for 

the long list of recommendations that need to be implemented. 

I am disappointed, as you’ve indicated Madam Chair that the 

National Office of Job Corps is not here. They would have been 

able to better illuminate the steps they are taking to make Job 

Corps more safe and secure, while confirming the testimony of Mr. 

Barton showing the change in the young people in terms of employment rate, reduced crime, reduced teen pregnancy and other improvements in their life options. 

I know Madam Chair that you have sent an oversight request 

and I hope you’ll share the results of that request with our office, 

but we need to still hear directly from the office of Job Corps. 

Meanwhile, Madam Chair, I ask unanimous consent to enter into 

the record the response to the IG report from the employment and 

training administration. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Without objection. 

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Mr. SCOTT. Thank you, Madam Chair. And I hope soon we are 

going to work together to try and improve the program, because it 

does provide successful options for thousands of young people 

across our Nation. 

Thank you and I yield back. 

Chairwoman Foxx. Thank you, Mr. Scott. I want to clarify for the 

record a couple of issues that came up in the testimony that we did 

not get facts in. Job Corps received approximately $1.7 billion in the fiscal year 2017 omnibus, which included a $15 million increase to be used 

specifically for improving the safety and security of the program. 

The fiscal year 2016 omnibus spending bill directed the Department of Labor to review and address student safety concerns 

throughout the program in order to maintain a safe and effective 

learning environment. 

As was mentioned by Mr. Lewis, each student participation cost is $32,960 for the most recent program year for which data is available. 

And in the President’s fiscal year 2018 budget request, it’s ap- proximately $1.4 billion for Job Corps. It requested no reduction in 

the program construction or administration accounts but would reduce program operations funding by approximately 237 million. 

The budget includes proposals to close chronically low performing 

centers and giving priority to enrollment of students age 20 or 

older. 

This hearing was established to discuss the safety and security 

of Job Corp programs, that was the emphasis. However, many of 

my colleagues have talked about why we need Job Corps programs. 

And as I sat here and listened, I thought it is a commentary on 

our culture that we are comparing murder rates and assault rates 

in Job Corps with the larger culture. And it’s the larger culture 

that creates the needs. 

What we’re doing is continuing to put Band-Aids on the problems 

of the larger culture and that is very troubling to me, that we do 

not look at what creates the need for a Job Corps. We are not putting the emphasis on the fact that we have a dysfunctional culture. 

These young people should feel safe and secure in their home community and not have to be taken out of their home community and 

placed in a setting like Job Corps. 

I realize that people feel that they should promote this program 

because it serves students who need help, but I’m appalled at the 

dismissal of the safety concerns that we’ve heard today. It’s quite 

obvious, despite what some people are saying, that safety and security are not paramount in these centers or we would not be seeing 

the horrific number of deaths and violent behavior that we’ve 

heard about today. And these numbers are just the minimum numbers of these incidents. 

We can see safety is a concern of students. One in five students 

think about leaving because of safety concerns, based on the research. But we have ongoing work to delve deeper into the issue 

and something we cannot gloss over. 

Both the Department and the contractors have a lot of work to 

do and importantly that work must persist and continue to be enforced over the long term. 

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Bottom line, these numbers are alarming and cannot be tolerated 

in a program that uses taxpayer dollars and it’s a lot of money. 

I thank our witnesses again for being here. I thank all the members who came and were engaged. 

There being no further business, the committee stands adjourned. 

[Additional submissions by Ms. Barnes follow:] 

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[Additional submission by Chairwoman Foxx follows:] 

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[Additional submissions by Ms. Fudge follow:] 

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[Additional submissions by Mr. Polis follow:] 

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[Additional submissions by Ms. Wilson follow:] 

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[Whereupon, at 12:08 p.m., the committee was adjourned.] 

Æ 

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