Foraminifera from the 

Bahama Bank West 

of Andros Island

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 683-C
Foraminifera from the 

Bahama Bank West 

of Andros Island

By RUTH TODD and DORIS LOW

CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 683-C

Benthonic Foraminifera from short cores taken 

on traverses from outer bank edge to western 

shore of Andros Island: 79 species, one new

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1971
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

William T. Pecora, Director

Library of Congress catalog-card No. 70 609507

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office 

Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 50 cents (paper cover)
CONTENTS

Abstract. _ _ __ _ _ _________

Introduction- __ _ _______ __

Cores _

Material studied __ __ ______

Faunal composition _

Taxonomic corrections. _ _ _ _

Previous reports of Foraminifera from the Bahamas and 

nearby areas _ _ _ ___ ____

Systematic catalog _ _ _____

Textulariidae_ ______

Valvulinidae ______

Page 

Cl 

1 

1 

1 

3 

6

7 

7 

7 

7 

8 

11 

11

Systematic catalog Continued

T") i do nt*V\i H ci f*

Cymbaloporidae __ __ _

Nonionidae _______

References cited _ _ _ _ _____

Index

Page 

r*i 9

1 9

13

__________ 14

1 ^

1 ^

__________ 15

1 a

i a

___-__-_._ 17

__________ 17

__________ 17

_ __ _ 21

ILLUSTRATIONS

IPlates 1-3 follow index] 

PLATES 1-3. Holocene benthonic Foraminifera from Bahama Bank.

FIGURE 1. Location of core stations, west of Andros Island. ____.

Page

C2

TABLES

TABLE 1. Data on cores studied from the Bahama Bank____________------__-_ C3

2. Distribution of benthonic Foraminifera in the Bahama Bank cores.___ 4

3. Corrected identifications of species-_________-___-__--------------- 6

CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY

FORAMINIFERA FROM THE BAHAMA BANK 

WEST OF ANDROS ISLAND

By RUTH TODD and DORIS Low

ABSTRACT

The unconsolidated sediment that blankets the bank was 

sampled by cores taken in several traverses crossing the bank 

from its outer edge to the western shore of Andros Island. 

Several Foraminifera species appear to be restricted to the outer 

edge and several others, to the nearshore areas. Otherwise the 

fauna is quite consistent, being composed chiefly of peneroplids, 

miliolids, elphidiids, and agglutinated species, and is dominated 

by two peneroplids, Archaias angulatus and Peneroplis proteus.

Seventy-nine benthonic species, about 60 percent of them rare 

or very rare, are identified. Rosalina bahamaensis is described 

as new. Planktonic specimens form a negligible part of the 

population ; six are identified.

INTRODUCTION

In 1955 a series of bottom samples was taken during 

seven traverses across Bahama Bank west of Andros 

Island (fig. 1) while studying the environment of calcium carbonate deposition on the bank (Cloud, 1962).

These bottom samples consisted of short cores of the 

unconsolidated sediment overlying the rock platform 

that makes up the bank. Cores from certain of the traverse stations, except the three outermost stations closest to the edge of the bank and six in the western part 

of traverse E, were studied for their Foraminifera.

Acknowledgments. We are indebted to Preston E. 

Cloud, Jr., from whom we received the material studied. 

We are grateful for helpful advice and suggestions 

received from many colleagues, in particular Wayne D. 

Bock, Institute of Marine Sciences, Miami, Fla., during 

the course of our work. Robert H. McKinney photographed the specimens illustrated on plate 1. Those on 

plates 2 and 3 are photographs retouched by the junior 

author.

CORES

The cores, taken in traverses that crossed the bank 

from near its outer edge to near the shore of Andros 

Island, can be grouped into three general areas: outer

bank, central bank, and nearshore. The area sampled 

measures about 65 miles from east to west and 75 miles 

from north to south and ranged in depth from zero to 

less than 8 meters.

Although the composition of the cores was not precisely consistent from top to bottom, no significance 

could be placed on the variability within each core; this 

variability was comparable to the variability between 

adjacent cores within the limits of the three previously 

defined areas.

Attempts to distinguish living from dead specimens 

in the sediment from the tops of the cores, by using 

Rose Bengal stain, were unsuccessful. We therefore concluded that the precise living places of the various 

species were undeterminable. Leslie Illing's interpretation (1954, p. 19) of the mixing of dead tests by 

marine currents to mask local environmental control 

over species distribution in the Bahama calcareous 

sands seems to be applicable to those in the area west 

of Andros Island: "The skeletons become mere sand 

grains and are distributed and sorted as such * * *. 

The forms that occur in any samples are thus controlled 

far more by its mechanical grading than by the local 

indigenous foraminiferal assemblage."

MATERIAL STUDIED

A total of 280 samples were examined from 46 cores 

which varied in length from less than 25 to more than 

220 cm (centimeters). The samples were washed, 

screened to size for convenience in picking, and the 

Foraminifera were picked, mounted, and identified 

from 113 of the 280 samples studied. A total of 79 

benthonic species and six planktonic species were found 

in the core samples and one bottom sample taken southsouthwest of South Riding Rock near the reef edge 

and close to station 1 of traverse A.

Cl
C2 CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY

\\

South Riding Rock 4'" \

\ TONGUE OF

\ 

\ THE OCEAN

Williams Jlrr^WX A" <f^\ 

Island CSL.A\. "^7 V A]

Base adapted from U S Hydrographic Office chart \ \ 

0026a Control from positions recently estab- ' \ 

lished by the Hydrographic Office on three trian- f v, 

gulation stations shown. Coastline from U. S Air vx i 

Force aerial photographs, adapted from original 

layout by N D Newell

EXPLANAT ION

Line of traverse, showing location of May 1955 sample 

stations; traverse is in direction of increasing numbers.

FIGURE 1. Location of core stations, west of AnUros Island.
FORAMINIFERA FROM THE BAHAMA BANK WEST OF ANDROS ISLAND C3

The plastic core liners containing the bank sediment 

were split lengthwise, and material was taken at 10- 

or 20-cm intervals from one of the core halves for our 

examination of the Foraminifera. Original data on 

these cores, as derived from P. E. Cloud's 1955 field 

notebook, are given in table 1. Our samples were taken

subsequent to those removed for the studies published 

by Cloud in 1962. Hence, the complete cores were not 

available to us, and a measurement given for our cuts 

as being from the top of a core or from a certain number 

of centimeters below the top is an estimation of the 

correct position of the cut within the core.

TABLE 1. Data on cores studied from the Bahama Bank

[All figures derived from field notebook of P. K. Cloud, Jr., 1955, unless otherwise noted. Stations are located in figure IJ

Traverse and 

station

A2, . _______

3

4- -

5. ________

6. ________

9 _

11- _______

Bl

2,

3

4.. ------

5

6 ._____--

7 _________

Water depth 

(meters)

7

6

6

7

6

5

4

4

High

tide

level

4

4

5

5

6

6

7

Length of core 

(em)

110

69

80

Q1

121

107

100

61

111

81

56

1 106

170

126

1R9

48

Traverse and 

station

Cl

2 _ _______

#___________

4-- 

5

6 _ ________

D1A

2

3 _______

/

6.. _______

7

Water depth 

(meters)

7

6

5

5

5

5

<0. 3

4

5

7

7

8

8

6

Length of core 

(cm)

213

213

91

30

18

48

120

106

30

151

60

74

228 i 27

Traverse and 

station

E7 - ___ _____

8. _ _______

9 __ _______

Fl

2

3. __ __ _

4

5 __ _______

6

7

2 _ _______

3

J.

Water depth 

(meters)

4

3

Missing

Intertidal

zone

3

5

5

7

8

8

8

7

6

7

7

Length of core 

(cm)

48

137

1 12

68

121

150

>152

129

160

129

76

180

30

180

76

No core length given in field notes. This figure is that of our deepest sample.

FAUNAL COMPOSITION

As shown in table 2, the faunal composition is fairly 

consistent over the entire area (about -i,000 square 

miles) of the present study. However, the following 

several species are largely restricted to the outer edge 

of the bank:

Acervulina inJiaerens Schultze 

Amphistegina lessonii d'Orbigny 

Articulina mexicana Cushman 

Asterigerina carinata d'Orbigny 

Cibicides lobatulus (Walker and Jacob) 

Planorbulina acerralis Brady 

Rotalia rosea d'Orbigny

and the following other species are largely restricted to 

the nearshore areas:

Biloculinella eburnea (d'Orbigny) 

Discorbis aguayoi Bermudez 

Elpliidium marenoi Bermudez 

Helenina anderseni (Warren) 

Parrina bradyi (Millett)

The Bahama Bank fauna is dominated by Archmm 

angutatus (Fichtel and Moll) and Peneroplis prot&us 

d'Orbigny. Common and well distributed, except near 

shore, are the following species, mostly miliolids, elphidiids, and agglutinated forms:

Articulina mucronata (d'Orbigny) 

Clavulina angularis d'Orbigny 

Cribrobulimina polystoma (Parker and Jones)

Cyclorbiciilina compressa (d'Orbigny) 

Elphidium discoidale (d'Orbigny)

mexicanum Kornfeld

poeyanutn (d'Orbigny) 

Miliolinella labiosa (d'Orbigny) 

Pyrgo subspherica (d'Orbigny) 

QuinquelocuUna lamarckiuna d'Orbigny

poeyana d'Orbigny

torrei Acosta

Rosalina, bahamaensis Todd and Low, n. sp. 

Triloculina linneiana d'Orbigny

bassensis Parr

oblonga (Montagu)

reticulata d'Orbigny 

Valvulina oviedoiana d'Orbigny

In addition, 32 more species in the following list occur rarely, but do not seem to have any ecologic or geographic restriction:

Ammonia bcccarii (Linne)

beccarii tepida (Cushman) 

Articulina sagra d'Orbigny 

Bolivina compact a Sidebottom

pulchella (d'Orbigny)

rhomboidalis (Millett)

striatula Cushman 

Buliminella milletti Cushman 

Cornuspira planorbis Schultze 

Cymbaloporctta bradyi (Cushman) 

Elpliidmm, advcna (Cushman)

sagra (d'Orbigny) 

Fissurina lucida (Williamson)
Valvulina oviedoiana __ ............. _ ...Virgulinapunctata...... ... ............. .....

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fiterrei meninaoi ............... __.__

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Textularia aaalutinans

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Rectobolivina odrena.. ......................................... Rosalina bahamaensis, n. sp--------------- __ -.. .-.--..

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(Dentostomina) aaalutinans.....------- __

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Pvrao denticulata -.......----...--- _..__Pseudononion aratelouvi

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Planorbulina acervalis _

Peneroplis bradyi ... ................. _ ................ .. vroteus ....................................... _ .

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Guttulina cf. O.svicaeformisaustraiis- ______

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discoidale ......

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XX

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Discorbis aouavoi-----------------.------------ _____

XX X, X

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Cvclorbiculina comnressa- ....... _

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Cribrobulimina volvstoma- ____________ ___

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Conicosvirillina atlantica _______ _______________________

nodosaria _ ...Cibicides lobatulus. ___.___-___-__.-_.__._____________ . Clavulinaanaularis--.-----.. _-.____.___-____ _________

X 

X 

XX

x:

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x; 

x;

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x;

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Buliminella milletti-------- _______________ _

X

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rhomboidalis ... ........ .--..-. _ .

vulchella.. -__._____-_--______-____.___.__.___._.___.____ _

X 

X

X 

X

X 

X

X 

X

X

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Bolivinacomvacta---------------. .____--__._____ _______ _

X

X

X

X

X

B iloculinella eburnea.-------. .......................... __ Asterioerina carinata .-.-_.-----_---_-_-___.____________ _

X 

X 

X

XX 

XX

X 

X

X

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a

mucronata .. -_.--.--_.___-_____._._______ ______

XX 

X 

X

XX 

X

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X

X 

X

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XX

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Articulina mexicana- __________________ _______ ..

Angulogerina occidentalis- ......... _________________________________ Archaias anaulatus ------- ...--------- -

xx: 

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xx;

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x;

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x;

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beccarii tevida_____________________________________________ _

X

Ammonia beccarii. .......

X

X

Acenulina inhaerens..---------------------------------- _

X 

X

9.5-

49.5

109.

9.5-

59.5

Top 

9.5-

49.5

79.5

9.5-

19.5

9.5-

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9.5-

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9.5-

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159.
FORAMINIFERA FROM THE BAHAMA BANK WEST OF ANDROS ISLAND

Foraminifera in the Bahama Bank cores 

traverse and station. See table 1 for data on cores]

B7

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404-760 O - 71 - 2
C6 CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY

Guttulina cf. G. spicaeformis australis (d'Orbigny)

Marginopora vertebralis Quoy and Gaimard

Miliolinella fichteliana (d'Orbigny)

Neoconorbina terquemi (Rzehak)

Peneroplis bradyi Cushman

Pseudononion grateloupi (d'Orbigny)

Pyrgo denticulata (Brady)

Quinqueloculina goesi Todd and Bronnimann

polyffona d'Orbigny

(Dentostomina) agglutinans d'Orbigny 

Rosalina floridana (Cushman)

rugosa d'Orbigny 

Rotorbinella mira (Cushman)

Schlumbergcrina alveolinifformis occidentalis Cushman 

Spirolina arietina (Batsch) 

Triloculina fiterrci meningoi Acosta

schreiberiana d'Orbigny

sidebottomi (Martinotti)

trigonula ( Lamarck)

Finally, single occurrences of the following 15 species 

give evidence of their presence on the Bahama Bank:

Angulogerina occidentalis (Cushman)

Bolivina (Loxostomum) limbata costulata Cushman

Glavulina nodosaria d'Orbigny

Conicospirillina atlantica Cushman

Eoeponidella nitidula (Chaster)

Florilus cf. F. sloanii (d'Orbigny)

Glabratella brasilensis Boltovskoy

Hopkinsina pacifica Cushman

Lamarckina sp.

Rectobolivina adven-a (Cushman)

Spirillina vivipara Ehrenberg

vivipara revertens Rhumbler 

Textularia agglutinans d'Orbigny 

Tretomphalus bulloides (d'Orbigny) 

Virgulina punctata d'Orbigny

As planktonic Foraminifera make up a negligible 

part of the population on the bank, they were not included in table 2. The following species were observed 

as very rare individuals in several core samples mostly 

from close to the outer edge of the bank, where they

might be expected to have originated from the 

water of the adjacent Straits of Florida:

Species

Traverse

and 

station

Globigerina bulloides d'Orbigny_________ D7

rubescens Hofker__________________ D8

Globigerinella aequilateralis (Brady) _____ Gl

Globigerinoides trilobus (Reuss)_________ Cl

D8 

Globorotalia hirsuta (d'Orbigny)_________ D8

menardii (d'Orbigny)_____________ A2

Cl 

D8

oceanic

Depth 

in core 

(cm)

9. 5-10

Bottom

29. 5-30

9. 5-10

9. 5-10

9. 5-10

49. 5-50

9. 5-10

Bottom

A bottom sample taken south-southwest of South 

Riding Rock, close to station Al, contains a typical reefedge assemblage. As this sample does not appear in the 

check list of cores, its assemblage is listed below. Only 

the two starred species do not occur also in the core 

samples.

*Amphistegina lessonii d'Orbigny 

Archaias angulatus (Fichtel and Moll) 

Articulina mcxicana Cushman 

Asterigerina carinata d'Orbigny 

Neoconorbina terquemi (Rzehak) 

Peneroplis proteus d'Orbigny 

Quinqueloculina torrci Acosta

(Dentostomina) agglutinans d'Orbigny 

Rosalina bahamaensis Tod'dand Low, n. sp.

*Rotalia rosea d'Orbigny 

Textularia agglutinans d'Orbigny 

Triloculina reticulata d'Orbigny

TAXONOMIC CORRECTIONS

A distribution table of our preliminary identifications 

from seven stations representing the three general areas 

studied on the bank was included in Cloud (1962, table 

12, p. 34-35). As there are discrepancies between this 

table and the final identifications as included in the 

present paper, table 3 lists the earlier and the current 

names.

TABLE 3. Corrected identifications of species

Names in Cloud (1962, table 12) Names in present paper

Quinqueloculina reticulata (d'Orbigny).______ Triloculina reticulata d'Orbigny

Triloculina quadrilatera d'Orbigny___________ Triloculina bassensis Parr

Triloculina tricar inata d'Orbigny__ __________ Included with T. trigonula (Lamarck)

D entostomina bermudiana Carman ___________ Quinqueloculina (D entostomina) agglutinans

d'Orbigny 

Pyrgo carinata (d'Orbigny)_________________ Included with P. denticulata (Brady)

Miliolinella circularis (Bornemann) _________ Included with M. labiosa (d'Orbigny)

Nonionella atlantica Cushman______________ Pseudononion grateloupi (d'Orbigny)

Sorites marginalis (Lamarck)________________ Cyclorbiculina compressa (d'Orbigny)

Bolivina subexcavata Cushman and Wicken- Bolivina compacta Sidebottom

den? 

Rosalina candeiana d'Orbigny______________ Rosalina bahamaensis Todd and Low, n. sp.

Rosalina opima (Cushman) _ ________________ Rosalina floridana (Cushman)

Buccellaf sp. A____________________________ Heleninaanderseni (Warren)

Cymbaloporetta! sp________________________ Cymbaloporetta bradyi (Cushman)

Elphidium cf. E. gunteri Cole________________ Elphidiummorenoi Bermudez

Homotremarubrum (Lamarck)_______________ Indeterminate, left out.
FORAMINIFERA FROM THE BAHAMA BANK WEST OF ANDROS ISLAND C7

PREVIOUS REPORTS OF FORAMINIFERA FROM 

THE BAHAMAS AND NEARBY AREAS

Margaret Tiling (1952) studied the Foraminifera 

from several areas on the Bahama Banks: Ragged 

Island area in the southeast corner of the banks and 

areas around New Providence and Great Abaco Islands 

and west of Andros Island. In these areas, at depths 

of no more than 16 fathoms (about 30 m), shs found 

nearly twice the number of species that we found in the 

area presently studied west of Andros Island. She noted 

(1952, p. 278) that wherever the bottom was covered 

by calcareous mud rather than calcareous sand, as in the 

widespread area west of Andros Island, the foraminiferal fauna was scanty. The fauna, partially listed by 

Illing (1952, p. 281-284, fig. 2), includes several 

species particularly Eponides antillannn, E. repanda, 

and Heterostegina antillarum not found in our samples from the shallow shelf west of Andros Island. We 

believe the lack of these species is due to the shallowness 

of our stations, none deeper than 8 meters, and their 

protected situation away from the exposed edge of the 

reef.

The Bahama fauna has much in common with faunas 

reported from Florida, although it is less varied. The 

scarcity of species in the area west of Andros Island 

as compared with Floridian areas may be due to differences in the substrate, particularly the kind and abundance of the associated biota. Lynts (1962, 1965) and 

Moore (1957) described and listed assemblages of Foraminifera found in upper Florida Bay and Stubbs 

(1940), in Biscayne Bay. Depths in Florida Bay are 

down to about 40 feet (about 12 m) and those in Biscayne Bay,to20 feet (about 6 m).

Cushman's early reports on faunas from Jamaica 

(Cushman, 1921) and the Dry Tortugas, west of Key 

West, Fla. ('Cushman, 1922a), include many species 

also known on the Bahama Banks, particularly in the 

shallower samples from these two regions.

Norton, in studying the ecologic relationships of Foraminifera, included several Bahamian and West Indian 

samples. He found that in the shallow-water zone of 

0-5 fathoms (zero to about 9 m) the Miliolidae and 

Peneroplidae were common to abundant, and that they 

decreased markedly at depths below 5 fathoms (about 

9m) (Norton, 1930, p. 368).

SYSTEMATIC CATALOG

Family TEXTTJXARIIDAE 

Genus TEXTULARIA Defrance, 1824

Textularia agglutinans d'Orbigny

Textularia agglutinans d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 144, pi. 1, figs. 17, 

18, 32-34.

This cosmopolitan species was originally described

from Cuba, St. Thomas, Martinique, and Jamaica. Only 

two specimens were found from near the reef edge, but 

both are of good size and typical of the species.

Family VALVTTLINIDAE 

Genus CLAVULINA d'Orbigny, 1826

Clavulina angularis d'Orbigny 

Plate 1, figure 6

Clavulina angularis d'Orbigny, 1826, p. 268, pi. 12, fig. 7. 

Clavulina tricarinata d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. Ill, pi. 2, figs. 16-18. 

Clavulina pacifica Cushman, 1924, p. 22, pi. 6, figs. 7-11.

The three species cited above, described respectively 

from the Mediterranean, the West Indies, and the 

Pacific, seem indistinguishable. Most of the specimens 

are triangular to the top, but some are rounded over 

the last several chambers. It is common and well distributed in the Bahama material.

Clavulina nodosaria d'Orbigny

Plate 2, figure 1 

Clavulina nodosaria d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 110, pi. 2, figs. 19, 20.

Clavulina nodosa?*ia, is a small, fragile, cylindrical 

species with a triangular initial stage typical of the 

genus. Described from sands of Cuba and Martinique 

and reported only from the West Indies, it is rare in 

our Bahama Bank material.

Genus VALVTTLI1TA d'Orbigny, 1826

Valvulina oviedoiana d'Orbigny

Plate 1, figure 4

Valvulina oviedoiana d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 103, pi. 2, figs. 21, 22. 

Cushman, 1922b, p. 64, pi. 11, figs. 2-5. 

Cushman (part), 19Sla, p. 17, pi. 3, figs. 6, 7 (not figs.

8-10).

Subsequent to its description from shore sands of 

Cuba, Valvulina oviedoiana d'Orbigny has been cited 

as a common species in the West Indian region. Specimens considered as the microspheric form by Cushman 

(1931a, p. 17, pi. 3, figs. 6, 7) are included here, whereas 

those he cited as megalospheric forms (Cushman, 

1931a, p. 17, pi. 3, figs. 8-10) are identified in this study 

as CribrobuJimina polystoma (Parker and Jones). Both 

species are well distributed in the Bahama Bank 

material.

The early stages of both species are similar, being 

triserial and angled with flattened sides. The later 

chambers of Vatoulina oviedoiana are large and broadly 

rounded, three or four final ones curving gently into 

the apertural depression at the top of the specimen. The 

ventral area may be slightly tilted to the side of the test, 

but the final coil of chambers is not twisted. On the
C8 CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY

other hand, the final whorl of Cribrobulimi-na polystoma consists of a loose spiral of at least five chambers 

that encircle the apertural area like a rolled collar 

twisted to one side of the test. The valvular tooth of 

G. polystoma when intact, fills the aperture with small 

separations (or supplementary openings) around the 

edge; that of V. oviedoiana is large and flat but never 

joins the edge of the aperture. Length 0.85-1.23 mm; 

diameter across final chambers 0.65-0.98 mm.

Genus CRIBROBULIMINA Cushman, 1927

Cribrobulimina polystoma (Parker and Jones)

Plate 1, figure 3

Cribrobulimina polystoma (Parker and Jones). CusLman, 1937a.

p. 27, pi. 3, figs. 19-22. 

Cribrobulimina mixta (Parker and Jones). Cushman, 1927, p.

80, pi. 11, figs. 1-5. 

Cribrobulimina mixta Cushman. Loeblich and Tappan, 1964, p.

C279, C2S1. figs. 187. 7-10. 

Valviilina oviedoiana d'Orbigny of Cushman (part) (not d'Orbigny), 1931a, p. 17, pi. 3, figs, 8-10 (not figs. 6, 7.). 

Lynts (not d'Orbigny), 1965, p. 67, pi. 7, figs. 1-4.

Cribrobulimina polystoma is well distributed in the 

Bahama Bank material with the closely related ValvuJina oviedoiana d'Orbigny. Their distinguishing features are compared under the latter species. Although 

its distinctive valvular flap is often missing or partially 

hidden by matrix, C. polystoma is easily identified by 

the shape and arrangement of the final chambers. 

Length 1.0-1.3 mm; diameter across final chambers 

0.52^0.75 mm.

These features are quite evident in the illustrations 

by Cushman (1931a) and Lynts (1965) cited in the 

synonymy. Lynts' identification followed that of Cushman from the Dry Tortugas (Cushman colln. 15480), 

now in the U.S. National Museum, but he illustrated 

only the form now placed in Cribrobulimina.

The following slides in the U.S. National Museum 

collections contain specimens originally identified as 

Valvulina oviedoiana but are considered here as Cribrobulimitia polystoma:

Cushman colln. 15480, 19782, and 19815 from the Dry Tortugas

and off Key West, Fla. 

USNM 16900 (but not 16900a) from Lisbon Creek Reef.

Bahamas.

C. polystoma was described from Australia and its 

only other recorded occurrences are from that area. The 

genus has been reported from beds of Eocene age in 

Florida.

Family MILIOLIDAE 

Genus QTriNQTrELOCTTLIlTA d'Orbigny, 1826

Quinqueloculina goesi Todd and Bronnimann 

Plate 2, figure 3

Quinquelooulina goesi Todd and Bronnimann, 1957, p. 27, pi. 3, 

fig. 11.

Quinqueloculina goesi has a distinctive appearance 

of light and dark banding resulting from opaque and 

translucent areas within the angled chambers. Our specimens compare exceptionally well with the types from 

the Gulf of Paria. Although it is not common in our 

material, it is well distributed. It is not as sharply 

angled as Q. polygons, with which it occurs, and appears 

more delicate as a result of the translucent parts of its 

wall.

Quinqueloculina lamarckiana d'Orbigny

Plate 2, figure 10

Quinqueloculina lamarcJciana d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 189, pi. 11,

figs. 14, 15. 

Phleger >and Parker, 1951. p. 7, pi. 4, fig. 1.

This species appears to have a worldwide distribution 

and occurs in almost all our samples. In general the 

Bahama specimens are not as sharply angled on the 

periphery as indicated in d'Orbigny's figures or as observed 011 the Gulf of Mexico specimens, but the 

identification seems good.

Quinqueloculina poeyana d'Orbigny 

Plate 2, figure 4

Quinqueloculina poeyana d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 191, pi. 11, figs.

25-27. 

Cushman, 1929, p. 31, pi. 5, fig. 2.

Described from this area and widely recorded elsewhere, Quinqueloculina poeyana is typical of warm shallow waters. This small, milky-white species with fine 

striations is found throughout the Bahama Banks.

Quinqueloculina polygona d'Orbigny 

Plate 2, figure 5

Quinqueloculina polygona d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 198, pi. 12, figs.

21-23. 

Cushman, 1929, p. 28. pi. 3, fig. 5.

This widely distributed miliolid with acutely angled 

chambers is less common in our samples than Quinqueloculina poeyana. It seems to have no restricted pattern 

of occurrence on the Bahama Banks.
FORAMINIFERA FROM THE BAHAMA BANK WEST OF ANDROS ISLAND C9

Quinqueloculina torrei Acosta

Plate 2, figure 11 

Quinqueloculina torrei Acosta, 1939, p. 3, pi. 1, figs. 1-5.

The original citation is the only record we could find 

for the agglutinated species, Quinqueloculina torrei. The 

illustrations are excellent showing the unique wide open, 

recurved aperture. Our specimens are less elongate than 

the holotype but otherwise compare well. It was described from off Cuba and is widely distributed in our 

material.

Subgenus DENTOSTOMINA Carman, 1933 

Quinqueloculina (Dentostomina) agglutinans d'Orbigny

Plate 1, figure 7

Quinqueloculina, agglutinans d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 195, pi. 12,

figs. 11-13. 

Dentostomina l)crnui(liana Carman, 1933, p. 31, pi. 3, fig. 6.

Despite their outward appearance, two kinds of agglutinated specimens included here are probably the 

same. The larger ones are rugged and quinqueloculine 

with a round aperture on a distinct neck. In some specimens the aperture is rimmed by inward-projecting coglike teeth in addition to the normal nooth. Smaller 

quinqueloculine specimens with slenderer necks and no 

teeth are probably juveniles. We feel the inward-projecting apertural teeth indicate a mature or advanced 

stage of the species; hence, we have designated Dentostomina as a subgenus to include all our specimens.

Records for the species agglutinans are worldwide 

'from both warm and cold waters. Those for "bemmdiana" are from Bermuda, from where it was described, 

and from waters off Cuba. It is not common in our 

material but is well distributed.

Genus TRILOCTTLISTA d'Orbigny, 1826 

Triloculina bassensis Fair

Plate 2, figure 8

Triloculina lassensis Parr, 1945, p. 198, pi. 8, fig. 7.

Lynte, 1965, p. 68, pi. 7, figs. 7-9. 

Miliolina angularis Flint, 1899 (not Howchin 1889), p. 300, pi.

46, fig. 1.

Trilocnlina, marsliallana Todd, in Cushnian, Todd, and Post, 

1954, p. 339, pi. 85. fig. 13.

This species was described from Barwon Heads, Victoria, Australia, and has been reported as Miliolina 

angularis from Yucatan Channel, west of Cuba, and as 

Triloculina marsliallana from the Marshall Islands, the 

Marianas, and Onotoa in the Pacific. Lynts reported it 

in Florida Bay as a form varying greatly in amount 

of inflation.

Triloculina bassensis has slightly angled chambers 

that are flat to gently convex. Its surface is matte, yet 

bright. We originally considered the specimens to be 

T. quadrilateralis d'Orbigny, but that is a quite sharply 

angled species and its chambers are concave.

Triloculina bassensis occurs abundantly in southern 

Florida and the Caribbean and is found in most of 

our samples.

Triloculina fiterrei meningoi Acosta 

Plate 2, figure 6

Triloculina fiterr&i var. meningoi Acosita, 1940a, p. 26, pi. 4, 

figs. 1-5.

This subspecies \vas described from the south coast 

of Camaguey, Cuba, and has been recorded from the 

southwest Texas coast and the Gulf of Cariaco, Venezuela. Wayne Bock reports it as quite common in parts 

of Florida Bay (written commun., Mar. 23, 1970). It 

somewhat resembles Triloculina linneiana d'Orbigny 

with which it occurs, but it is smaller and has a much 

more delicate wall with distinct but irregular costae; 

its aperture has an everted lip. Our Bahama specimens 

are scattered and uncommon.

Triloculina linneiana d'Orbigny 

Plate 2, figure 15

Triloculina linneiana d'Orbigny. Cushnian, 1929, p. 61, pi. 16, 

figs. 1, 2.

This large miliolid is well represented in the Bahamas. It was described from the West Indian region 

and is native to warm, shallow waters. It is heavy 

walled with relatively coarse, nigged ridges. Some of 

our specimens are nearly smooth and might be compared with Triloculina plane tana d'Orbigny but are 

larger than that species, and the striations consist of 

ridges instead of incised lines as on T. plane i-ana.

Triloculina oblonga (Montagu)

Triloculina oUonga (.Montagu). d'Orbigny, 1826, p. 300; Modeles

no. 95. 

d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 175, pi. 10, figs. 3-5.

This cosmopolitan species is found throughout the 

Bahama Bank area. It closely resembles Quinqueloculina bosciana d'Orbigny which was described from this 

region but was not identified in our samples. Triloculina 

oblonga has an ovate aperture and does not have a neck. 

Quinqueloculina, bosciana is more elongate, has a round 

aperture on a slight neck, and has more indented 

sutures.
CIO CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY

Triloculina reticulata d'Orbigny

Plate 2, figure 2

Triloculina reticulata d'Orbigny. Fornasini, 1905, p. 60, pi. 1,

fig. 4.

Quinqucloculina reticulata (d'Orbigny) var. carinata d'Orbigny. 

Le Calvez and Le Calvez, 1958, p. 183, pi. 5, figs. 34, 35, 43.

Triloculina retioulata was described from sediments 

from the Mediterranean, St. Helena, and Australia and 

seems to have a worldwide distribution. Our specimens 

are triloculine, not quinqueloculine, and the periphery 

is rounded, not truncate or carinate as in T. bicarinata 

and T. carmata which were both described from Cuba. 

They have a recurved aperture filled by a prominent 

tooth; the reticulations are absent on the apertural 

shoulder. Some specimens described under Quinqueloculina (see the Le Calvez and Le Calvez reference given 

above) are actually triloculine and belong in this genus. 

The species occurs quite commonly over most of the 

area.

Triloculina schreiberiana d'Orbigny

Plate 2, figure 9

Trilloculina schrciberinna d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 174, pi. 9, figs. 20- 

22.

This thick-walled miliolid was described from Cuba, 

Jamaica, and Martinique but was not recorded as common. It has also been reported from the Mediterranean. 

Its rounded outline is somewhat similar to QumquelocuUna seminulum, but it is not quite as elongate and is 

consistently triloculine. It is scattered and rare in our 

samples.

Triloculina sidebottomi (Martinotti)

Plate 2, figure 14

Miliolina subrotunda Montagu. Sidebottom, 1904, p. 8, pi. 3, figs.

1-7; text fig. 2. 

Sigmoilina sidebottomi Martinotti, 1920, p. 280, pi. 2, fig. 20; text

figs. 59-61. 

Triloculina sidebottomi (Martinotti). Colom, 1942, p. 24, pi. 5,

figs, 106-108.

Triloculina sidebottomi was described from Delos 

and was subsequently reported from Tripoli, Majorca, 

and the Gulf of Mexico. It may be confused with Pyrgo 

subspherica d'Orbigny which is also well represented in 

our samples, but Triloculina sidebottomi is compressed 

and tends to have chambers not quite the full length 

of the test, so that it has no neck. The apertural tooth 

may protrude in side view.

Our specimens were also compared with Quinqueloculina subrotunda (Montagu), but that species is almost totally lacking an apertural tooth. Also, its test is

more nearly circular and its chambers less embracing 

and more distinctly separated.

Triloculina sidebottomi is rare but well scattered in 

the Bahamas.

Triloculina trigonula (Lamarck)

Triloculina, trigonula (Lamarck). Cushman, 1929, p. 56, pi. 12,

figs. 10, 11; pi. 13, figs. 1, 2. 

Todd and Bronnimann, 1957, p. 27, pi. 3, figs. 18, 19.

This well known miliolid has a worldwide distribution. It is scattered throughout our material but always 

rare.

Genus ARTICULINA d'Orbigny, 1826 

Articulina mexicana Cushman

Plate 1, figure 2 

Articulina mexicana Cushman, 1922a, p. 70, pi. 11, figs. 7, 8.

Articulina m&xicana was described from sediments off 

the Dry Tortugas, Florida, and Jamaica, Our specimens 

are mostly from the outer edge of the reef, a restriction 

corresponding to that recorded by Cushman (1922a, p. 

70) as being "on the outer or open-ocean side of Loggerhead Key." Its thick smooth or faintly striate wall 

makes this a more robust species than A. mucronata and 

A. sagra which are widely distributed in all areas of the 

banks.

Articulina mucronata (d'Orbigny)

Plate 1, figure 1

ArticuUna mucronata (d'Orbigny). Gushman, 1944, p. 12, pi. 

2, figs. 11-18.

This is a widely distributed West Indian species, having been described from sediments off Cuba, Jamaica, 

and Martinique. It has also been recorded off Brazil. 

Articulina mucronata, with its distinct striations, is well 

distributed in our samples except near shore and is the 

most common of our three species of Articulina.

Articulina sagra d'Orbigny 

Plate 1, figure 9

Articulina sagra d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 183, pi. 9, figs. 23-26. 

Cushman, 1944, p. 11, pi. 2, figs. 6-10.

Articulina sagra was described from the same Antillean area as A. mucronata and has been reported from 

the Mediterranean and off Australia as well. Although 

less abundant than A. mucronata in our Bahama samples, A. sagra is well distributed. It is much more delicate than A. mucronata, and the chambers of the slender 

uniserial section do not flare as widely as in that species.

Compared to A. Hneata Brady, a species known also 

in the West Indies, A. sagra is slenderer, more attenu-
FORAMINIFERA FROM THE BAHAMA BANK WEST OF ANDROS ISLAND Cll

ated, and less strongly compressed. The elongate chambers of A. sagra increase in breadth at the base as added 

whereas in A. lineata the chambers are of equal breadth 

throughout.

Genus PYRGO Defrance, 1824 

Pyrgo denticulata (Brady)

Bilooulina ringens var. denticulata Brady, 1884, p. 143, pi. 3,

figs. 4, 5. 

Pyrgo <lenticnJata (H. B. Brady). Cushman, 1929, p. 69, pi. 18,

figs. 3, 4.

This widely recorded species occurs only rarely in our 

samples from the northernmost traverses and at station 

D8 on the southwestern edge of the Bank. It lacks the 

distinct neck of Pyrgo namtns Cushman which was described from a depth of 17 fathoms off Puerto Rico.

Pyrgo subspherica (d'Orbigny)

Biloculina sttbtpJierica d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 162, pi. 8. figs. 25-27.

Pyrgo subspherica is a well-rounded miliolid described from the shore sands of Cuba and Jamaica. It 

is well represented at the Bahama Banks, more commonly than P. denticulata.

Genus MILIOLINELLA Wiesner, 1939 

Miliolinella fichteliana (d'Orbigny)

Triloculina fichteliana cl'Oribigny, 1839a, p. 171, pi. 9, figs. 8-10.

This costate species was described from Cuba and 

Jamaica. It is not as common in the Bahama material 

as the smoother species, MitioUnella labiosa. It has been 

reported from many areas in the Atlantic and is also 

known from the Pacific.

Miliolinella labiosa (d'Orbigny)

Triloculina labiosa, d'Onbigny, 1839a, p. 178, pi. 10, figs. 12-14.

This cosmopolitan species was described from the 

shore sancls of Cuba. It is well represented on the Bahama Banks.

Genus BILOCULINEILA Wiesner, 1931

Biloculinella eburnea (d'Orbigny)

Plate 2, figure 7

Triloculina, eburnea d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 180, pi. 10, figs. 21-23. 

Triloculina bcrmudesl Acosta, 1940b, p. 37, pi. 4, figs. 1-5.

This smoothly compact miliolid is well represented 

in the nearshore areas of Anclros Island. Acosta's 

species Triloculina bermiidezi was described from off 

the Bahamas and appears to be a slightly more circular 

triloculine stage of BUoGulmella eburnea. The aperture

is filled with a distinctive T-shaped tooth that does not 

project above the margin of the test.

Genus SCHLTTMBERGERINA Munier-Chalmas, 1882 

Schlumbergerina alveoliniformis occidentals Cushman

Sclilumberaerina alveoliniformis occidcntalis Cushman, 1929, 

p. 36, pi. 7, fig. 2.

This subspecies was described from the Dry Tortugas 

and differs from the Indo-Pacific species in its smaller 

size. Typical specimens occur rarely in the Bahamas.

Genus PARRINA Cushman, 1931 

Parrina bradyi (Millett)

Parrina bradyi (Millett). Cushman, Todd, and Post, 1954, p. 342, 

pi. 85, figs. 31-34.

Parrina bradyi is widely reported from warm shallow waters, mostly in the Pacific. Seiglie (1964, p. 501, 

pi. 3, figs. 1-12) found it on the Los Testigos reefs off 

northeast Venezuela. Our specimens are rare at two 

stations in the nearshore area northwest of Andros Island. They are small, limited to the initial stage.

Family OPHTHALMIDIIDAE 

Genus CORN1TSPIRA Schultze, 1854

Cornuspira planorbis Schultze

Cornuspira plannrbis Schultze. Phleger and Parker, 1951, p. 8, 

pi. 4, figs. 8, 9.

This easily identifiable simple species has a worldwide distribution at all latitudes. It occurs rarely in 

scattered samples on the Bahama Banks.

Family PEMTEROPLIDAE 

Genus PENEROPIIS Montfort, 1808

Peneroplis bradyi Cushman

Plate 2, figure 12 

Peneroplis bradyi Cushman, 1930, p. 40, pi. 14, figs. 8-10.

This small, delicate species was described from Montego Bay, Jamaica, and occurs only rarely in our Bahama material. It is very thin and translucent and is 

easily distinguishable from the more common Peneroplis proteus d'Orbigny.

Peneroplis proteus d'Orbigny

Plate 1, figure 10

Peneroplis proleus d'Orbigny. Cushman, 1930, p. 37, pi. 13, figs. 

1-17.

Described from Cuba and Jamaica, this species is 

common and fairly well distributed over the Bahama
C12 CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY

Banks, as it is throughout the West Indies. It also 

occurs at Saipan in the Mariana Islands but less 

abundantly.

Genus SPIROLINA. Lamarck, 1804 

Spirolina arietina (Batsch)

Spirolina arietimis (Batsch). Cushman, 1930, p. 43, pi. 15, figs. 

4, 5.

This is the rarest of the peneroplids in our Bahama 

Bank samples. It has a worldwide distribution in warm 

shallow waters.

Genus MARGINOFORA ftuoy and Gaimard, 1830 

Marginopora vertebralis ftuoy and Gaimard

Marginopora vertebralis Blainville. Cushman, Todcl and Post, 

1954, p. 348, pi. 82, figs. 5, 6.

Most of the recorded occurrences for this species are 

from the tropical Pacific, but it is also known off Brazil. 

The Bahama specimens are typical but rare.

Genus ARCHAIAS Montfort, 1808

Archaias angulatus (Fichtel and Moll)

Plate 1, figure 5

Nautilus angulatus Fichtel and Moll, 1803, p. 113, pi. 22, figs.

a-e. 

Archaias angulatus (Fichtel and Moll). Cushman, 1930, p. 46,

pi. 16, figs. 1-3; pi. 17, figs. 3-5.

OrMcitlina adunca Lamarck, d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 64, pi. 8, figs. 

8-16.

In our material this species is dominant from the reef 

edge up to but not in the nearshore areas. Archaias angulatus was described from the Arabian Sea (a doubtful 

record) and is widespread around the West Indies where 

it occurs also in Tertiary sediments. In the Pacific it 

seems to occur only as a Tertiary fossil.

Genus CYCLORBICUIINA Silvestri, 1937

Cyclorbiculina compressa (d'Orbigny)

Plate 1, figure 8

OrMculina compressa d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 66, pi. 8, figs. 4-7.

Brady, 1884, p. 209, pi. 14, fig. 9. 

Archaias compressus (d'Orbigny). Cushman, 1930, p. 48, pi. 17,

figs. 1, 2. 

Cyclor~biculina> compressa (d'Orbigny). Loeblich and Tappan,

1964, p. C495, figs. 383, 1-3.

This species resembles Sorites mcarginalis (Lamarck) 

but is thick or raised in the initial stage. Sorites is common in the Dry Tortugas and might be expected in the 

Bahamas, but we found none. Wayne Bock has suggested its absence here to be attributable to the nature 

of the bottom west of Andros Island. He finds Sorites

to be almost entirely restricted to a vegetative substrate 

(written commun., Mar. 23, 1970).

Cyclorbiculina compressa was described from the 

West Indies and is known mostly from that area. It 

occurs with Archaias angulatus (Fichtel and Moll) but 

is less abundant than that species in the Bahama Banks 

sediments.

Family POLYMORPHINIDAE 

Genus GUTTTTLINA d'Orbigny, 1839

Guttulina cf. G. spicaeformis australis (d'Orbigny)

We have some rare polymorphinids from scattered 

samples on the Bank, most of which are indeterminable 

with certainty. Among them are occasional specimens 

having faint striae suggesting the subspecies australis. 

For comparison see Guttulina spicaeformis (Koemer) 

var. australis (d'Orbigny) as cited by Cushman and 

Ozawa (1930, p. 32, pi. 5, fig. 3). Some of the indeterminable specimens may be immature.

Family BULIMINIDAE 

Genus BULIMINELLA Cushman, 1911

Buliminella milletti Cushman 

Plate 2, figure 13

Buliminella milletti Cushman. Cushman and Parker, 1947, p. 69, 

pi. 17, figs. 20, 21.

This species was described from Fiji and has been 

reported from the West Indian region. It is more tapering than the more widely recorded and longer ranging 

Buliminella madagascariemis (d'Orbigny). Although 

it occurs rarely in our material, it is fairly well distributed.

Genus VIRGULINA d'Orbigny, 1826

Virgulina punctata d'Orbigny 

Virgulina punctata d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 139, pi. 1, figs. 35, 36.

VirguUrui punctata was described from the shore 

sands of Cuba and Jamaica. Our two specimens are 

slightly twisted and have a distinctive punctate wall. 

Recorded occurrences include the Gulf of Mexico, Gulf 

of Paria, and the Atlantic Ocean off South America.

Genus BOLIVINA d'Orbigny, 1839 

Bolivina compacta Sidebottom

Bolivina compacta Sidebottom. Cushman, 1937b, p. 135, pi. 17,

figs. 22-24. 

Bolivina subexcavata Cushman and Wickenden, 1929, p. 9, pi. 4,

fig. 4.

Bolivina compacta was described from the Mediterranean but has a cosmopolitan distribution. It has a 

iimple test with a surface that is coarsely perforate, 

Tinkled, and pitted. We have only very few specimens 

from scattered samples.
FORAMINIFERA FROM THE BAHAMA BANK WEST OF ANDROS ISLAND C13

Bolivina pulchella (d'Orbigpiy)

Sagrina pulchella d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 150, pi. 1, figs, 23, 24. 

Bolivina pulcliella (d'Orbigny). Cushman, 1937b, p. 151, pi. 15, 

figs. 9-11.

This species appears to occur only in the West Indies, 

along the Atlantic shore of South America, and in the 

North Atlantic. It was described from Cuba, St. 

Thomas, and Jamaica. Distinctive in having costae overhanging its sutures, Bolivina pulchella is scattered in 

our samples and never found more than rarely.

Bolivina rhomboidalis (Millett)

Bolivina. rhomboidaJis (Millett). Cushman, 1937b, p. 138, pi. 18, 

fig. 7.

This well-known cosmopolitan bolivinid is characterized by its rhomboid shape in cross section. It is scattered and rare in our Bahama samples.

Bolivina striatula Cushman 

Bolivina striatula Cushman, 1937b, p. 154, pi. 18, figs. 30, 31.

Described from the Dry Tortugas off Florida, this 

cosmopolitan species is scattered and rare on the Bahama Banks.

Submenus LOXOSTOMTIM Ehrenberg, 1854 

Bolivina (Loxostomum) limbata costulata Cushman

Loxostoma limbatinn (H. B. Brady) var. costulatum (Cushman). Cushman, 1937b, p. 187, pi. 21, figs. 30, 31.

Only two specimens were found of this subspecies 

described from the Dry Tortugas, off Florida. Kecorded 

occurrences indicate it is probably cosmopolitan.

Genus RECTOBOLIVINA Cushman, 1927 

Rectobolivina advena (Cushman)

Siphoycncrina advena Cushman, 1922a, p. 35, pi. 5, fig. 2.

This species has been recorded from a number of localities around the West Indies and Gulf of Mexico 

but always rarely. It was described from the Dry Tortugas, off Florida. We have a single specimen from 

169.5-170 cm deep in core D7.

Genus HOPKINSINA Howe and Wallace, 1932

Hopkinsina pacifica Cushman 

Hopkinxina pacifica Cushman, 1933, p. 86, pi. 8, fig. 16.

This species was described from Vavau Anchorage, 

Tonga. It has been reported from off New England, off 

Rio cle la Plata, and in the Gulf of Paria. The specimens 

reported from the Atlantic localities have been called 

the variety or subspecies atlantica.

We have only a single immature specimen. It does 

not show the biserial stage, but the wall is smooth and 

finely perforate.

Genus A1TGTJXOGERI1TA Cushman, 1927 

Angulogerina occidentalis (Cushman)

Angiilogerina, occidentalis (Cushman). Todd and Bronnimann, 

1957, p. 36, pi. 9, figs. 5, 6.

Three single specimens were found of this species 

originally described from the Dry Tortugas. It seems 

to be a widely distributed species. It is costate with its 

chambers being less compact and more separated than 

those of Angiilogerina angulosa (Williamson).

Genus FISSTTRINA Reuss, 1850 

Fissurina lucida (Williamson)

Fissurina lucida (Williamson). Todd and Low, 1967, p. 28, pi. 3, 

fig. 31.

Typical, but smaller than normal, specimens are rare 

and scattered in our material. The species seems to be 

widely reported but never abundant. It is characteristic 

of shallow water with many records of cold-water 

occurrences.

Family SPIRILLINIDAE 

Genus SPIRILLINA Ehrenberg, 1843

Spirillina vivipara Ehrenberg

Spirillina vivipara Ehrenberg. Brady, 1884, p. 630, pi. 85, figs.

1-5. 

Todd, 1965, p. 6.

A single specimen of /Spirillina vivipara was found 

in the nearshore station BL The long synonymy in the 

Todd reference given above attests to its worldwide 

distribution.

Spirillina vivipara revertens Rhumbler

Spirillina vivipara Ehrenberg var. revertens Rhumbler. Todd,

1957, p. 290 (table 4), pi. 90, fig. 2. 

Todd, 1965, p. 6.

This subspecies is also well known from shallow waters. It is rare in two of our nearshore samples, E9 and 

Fl.

Genus CONICOSPIRHJJNA Cushman, 1927 

Conicospirillina atlantica Cushman

Conicospirillina atlantica Cushman, 1947, p. 91, pi. 20, fig. 8.

This species was described from 35 meters in Onslow 

Bay, North Carolina, and no subsequent records have 

been noted. The single small specimen obtained from 

near the bottom of the core taken at station E8 may be 

immature.

404-760 O - 71 - 3
C14 CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY

Family DISCORBIDAE 

Genus ROSALINA d'OrMgny, 1826

Rosalina bahamaensis Todd and Low, n. sp.

Plate 3, figure 2 

Rosalina candeiana d'OrMgny, 1839a, p. 97, pi. 4, figs. 2-4.

Test biconvex, umbilicate, periphery rounded, lobulate; 5 to 7 chambers comprising the adult whorl, slightly inflated; sutures distinct, slightly limbate between 

the early chambers, ventral sutures deeply indented; 

wall milky white, roughened by coarse and dense perforations except over the free flaps of the chambers in 

the umbilicus, initial spire light orange in color; aperture under the ventral edge of the final chamber and 

extending under the free flaps of previous chambers in 

the umbilicus. Diameter 0.32 mm; thickness 0.18 mm.

Holotype (USNM 688523) from 109.5-110 cm in core 

taken at station A2 on the Bahama Banks, west of Andros Island: lat 25°11 / 30// N.; long 79°02/30// W.

It has been recommended that the name Rosalina 

candeiana be considered a nomen dubium and be abandoned (Banner and Blow, 1960, p. 37; Todd, 1965, p. 

11). This species described by d'Orbigny from shore 

sands of Cuba is easily recognizable, however, and is 

well represented in our Bahama material. Because of 

the unfortunate circumstance, reported by Banner and 

Blow (1960, p. 37), that the only two syntypes of Rosalina candeiana in existence are a bolivinid and a polymorphinid, a neotype cannot be erected. Hence a new 

species is erected.

This species is quite distinctive in its coarse and dense 

perforations and the star pattern in the umbilicus which 

results from the unattached inner ends of previous 

chambers that converge into the open umbilicus.

Rosalma ~bahamaemis, n. sp., is the commonest species 

of this genus in our samples and occurs fairly consistently over the entire area.

Rosalina floridana (Cushman)

Discorbis floridana Ctishman, 1922a, p. 39, pi. 5, figs. 11, 12. 

Rosalina floridana (Cushman). Todd, 1965, p. 10, pi. 3, figs. 1, 

3; pi. 4, fig. 5.

Described from the Dry Tortugas, off Florida, RosaUna florid ana has been widely reported in both the Atlantic and Pacific. It occurs in scattered samples in the 

Bahamas. It consists of a low, flat test that is finely 

perforate and has knobs around the umbilicus.

Rosalina rugosa d'Orbigny

Rosalina ruposa d'Orbigny, 1839b, p. 42, pi. 2, figs. 12-14. 

Todd, 1965, p. 12, pi. 4, fig. 1.

Our rare Bahama specimens seem typical of this species described from off Patagonia but otherwise reported

mostly from the Pacific. Its coarse perforations look 

white on a clear dark wall.

Genus NEOCONORBINA Hofker, 1951

ITeoconorbina terquemi (Rzehak) 

Neoconorbina terquemi (Rzehak). Todd, 1965, p. 16, pi. 5, fig. 6.

Neoconorbina terquemi is a high conical species having 3 to 4 arcuate chambers visible around the periphery. It is a variable cosmopolitan species and occurs 

rarely in scattered Bahama samples.

Genus DISCORBIS Lamarck, 1804

Discorbis aguayoi Bermudez 

Discorbis aguayoi Bermudez, 1935, p. 204, pi. 15, figs. 10-14.

Discorbis aguayoi was described from the north coast 

of Cuba and has been reported from the Gulf of Paria, 

the coast of Texas, off southern Brazil, and the tropical 

Pacific. Distinctive in having a spongy mass on the 

ventral surface, it is well represented in the nearshore 

samples only.

Genus ROTORBINELLA Bandy, 1944 

Rotorbinella mira (Cushman)

Plate 2, figure 16 

Rotorbinella mira (Cushman). Todd, 1965, p. 18, pi. 8, fig. 2.

Rotorbinella mira was described from the West Indies and has a cosmopolitan distribution in warm shallow water. It is scattered and rare in the Bahamas.

Genus GLABRATELLA Dorreen, 1948 

Glabratella brasilensis Boltovskoy

Olabratella brasilensis Boltovskoy, 1959, p. 90, pi. 14, figs. 8-11.

(rlabratella- brasilenxts was described from beach 

sands of Cabo Frio, southern Brazil, and has been reported from the Falklands and the north coast of Cuba. 

Our single specimen from the southwest corner of the 

Bank has the typical widely open aperture and radial 

striations. It measures 0.21 mm in diameter.

Genus EOEPONIDELLA Wickenden, 1947 

Eoeponidella nitidula (Chaster)

Pulvinulina nitidula Chaster, 1892, p. 66, pi. 1, fig. 17. 

Eoeponidella delicatula Seiglie, 1964, p. 511, pi. 5, fig. 11.

This species was described from shore mud and shallow water off Southport, England. It has since been 

reported from Delos, Clare Island, Kerimba Archipelago, west of Scotland, off Antarctica, Iceland, off Belgium, and Los Testigos Reefs, Venezuela, It is a widely 

distributed species but very rare. We found a single 

specimen from the top of core A4-
FORAMINIFERA FROM THE BAHAMA BANK WEST OF ANDROS ISLAND C15

The periphery is angled, and the lower plates on the 

ventral side reach out to the periphery.

Genus HELENINA Saunders, 1961

Helenina anderseni (Warren)

Plate 3, figure 1

Pseudoeponides anderseni Warren, 1957, p. 39, pi. 4, figs. 12-15.

Parker and Athearn, 1959, p. 341, pi. 50, figs. 28-31. 

Helenia anderseni (Warren). Saunders, 1957, p. 374, figs. 1, 2.

Todd and Dow, 1961, p. 18, text fig. 2, fig. 2.

Described from marshland off the Louisiana coast, 

Helenina anderseni is known only from brackish waters: Trinidad, Cape Cod, and Martha's Vineyard. It 

is well represented in the nearshore samples at the 

Bahamas.

Superficially it resembles the genus Ammonia but has 

supplementary apertures along the dorsal sutures.

Genus LAMARCKINA Berthelin, 1881 

Lamarckina sp.

A single specimen, probably a juvenile, was found in 

the bottom of the core taken at station D8. It has six 

chambers and a flat dorsal surface with concave edges.

Family ROTALHDAE 

Genus AMMONIA Briinnich, 1771

Ammonia beccarii (Linne)

Ammonia beccarii (Linne). Albani, 1968, p. 110, pi. 9, figs. 7, 

9; 10.

Although scattered and rare, Ammonia ~becca,rii is not 

restricted to any one area in the Bahamas.

Ammonia beccarii tepida (Cushman)

Rotalia beccarii (.Linnaeus) var. tepida Cushman, 1931b, p. 61, 

pi. 13, fig. 3.

The subspecies tepida was described from presentday waters off Puerto Rico and has been widely reported along the Atlantic coast as well as in the Pacific. 

Our only occurrence consists of three specimens from 

near the northwest edge of the bank, at station A3.

Genus ROTALIA Lamarck, 1804 

Rotalia rosea d'Orbigny

Rotalia rosea d'Orbigny, 1826, p. 272, no. 7; Modeles no. 35.

Parker, Jones and Brady, 1865, p. 24, pi. 3, fig. 79. 

Rotalina rosea, d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 72, pi. 3, figs. 9-11. 

Truncatulina rosea, (d'Orbigny). Brady, 1884, p. 667, pi. 96, fig. 1.

Described from Martinique, Rotalia rosea was later 

reported by M. Illing (1952, p. 282, fig. 2) to be largely 

restricted to the exposed coasts in the Bahamas. Our

only occurrence of it is in an unnumbered sample taken 

south-southwest of South Riding Rock on the outer edge 

of the bank. Specimens are common and typical and are 

dark pink in color. It is well known in the West Indies 

and along the Pacific coast of South America. Wayne 

Bock reports it to be abundant on exposed reefs and 

rocky shores where the substrate is hard and wave 

action is vigorous (written commun., Mar. 23, 1970).

Specimens are conical dorsally, have eight or more 

chambers per whorl, are knobbed or rugose in the center 

of the dorsal surface, are flat to slightly raised ventrally, 

and have an umbilical plug. The pink color is diagnostic, darkest in the first-formed chambers and rarely 

faded to nearly white.

Family AMPHISTEGINIDAE 

Genus ASTERIGERINA d'Orbigny, 1839

Asterigerina carinata d'Orbigny 

Plate 3, figure 3

Asterigerina, carinata d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 118, pi. 5, fig. 25; pi. 6, 

figs. 1, 2.

Described from sands of Cuba and Jamaica, Asterigerina carinata has been commonly reported in the 

West Indies and Gulf of Mexico. At the Bahamas it is 

common only near the reef edge.

Genus AMPHISTEGINA d'Orbigny, 1826 

Amphistegina lessonii d'Orbigny

Amphistegina lessonii d'Orbigny. Phleger and Parker, 1951, p. 

26, pi. 13, figs. 13, 14; pi. 14, fig. 1.

This widely distributed species is represented by only 

a few worn specimens at South Riding Rock. It has been 

reported from many localities in the West Indies but 

appears not to live on the Bank itself but only along the 

exposed edge of it.

Family ELPHIDIIDAE 

Genus ELPHIDITJM: Montfort, 1808

Elphidium advena (Cushman) 

Plate 3, figure 5

Elphidium actveniim (Cushman). Cushman, 1939, p. 60, pi. 16, 

figs. 31-35.

Elphidium advena was described from the Dry Tortugas, off Florida, and is a cosmopolitan species indigenous to warm shallow water in both the Atlantic and 

Pacific. It is biconvex and faintly keeled on the periphery with an inconspicuous knob over the umbilicus. It 

is not very common in our Bahama material.
C16 CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY

Elphidium discoidale (d'Orbigny) 

Plate 3, figure 9

Elphidium discoidale (d'Orbigny). Cushman, 1939, p. 56, pi. 15, 

figs. 5-7.

Described from the shore sands of Cuba and Jamaica, 

Elphidium discoidale is known mostly from the West 

Indies, Gulf of Mexico, and the Atlantic coast of South 

America. It is not recorded from the Pacific area or 

European waters and is not known as far north as New 

England in this hemisphere. It is a large species with a 

raised umbilical area; its robust test has a glassy surface 

with distinct pores. This is the most abundant species 

of Elphidium on the Bahama Bank.

Elphidium mexicanum Kornfeld 

Plate 3, figure 4

Elphidium inccrtum (Williamson) var. mexicanum Kornfeld, 

1931, p. 89, pi. 16, figs. 1, 2.

This species is recorded mostly from the Gulf of Mexico where it was described from coastal sediments of 

Texas and Louisiana. It is also known from the Atlantic 

coast of southeastern United States. The test is small 

and flat, has a rounded periphery and consists of 10-11 

chambers. It has a milky wall with very fine pores, and 

there is a small, but distinct, umbilical knob.

Elphidium mexicanum is fairly well distributed on 

the Bahama Banks but is not abundant.

Elphidium morenoi Bermudez

Plate 3, figure 6 

Elphidium morenoi Bermudez, 1935, p. 188, pi. 13, figs. 7-9.

Elphidium morenoi was described from the north 

coast of Cuba. In our Bahama material it is restricted 

to the nearshore samples where it occurs commonly. Its 

raised and beaded sutures give the test a rugged appearance. It consists of 10-12 chambers and has a 

rounded periphery.

Elphidium poeyanum (d'Orbigny) 

Plate 3, figure 8

Elphidium poeyanum (d'Orbigny). Cushman, 1939, p. 54, pi. 14, 

figs. 25, 26.

Elphidium poeyanum was described from shore sands 

of Cuba and Jamaica. It has been widely reported in 

the West Indian region but only rarely elsewhere.

E. translucent Natland from off California is similar 

and may possibly be the same, but it has a more excavated and depressed umbilicus and the wall is more 

nearly transparent. Both species have inconspicuous 

pores. E. poeyanum has about 11 chambers and is flat 

and only slightly lobulated. It is larger than E. mexicanum and E. advena and lacks any knobs.

It occurs commonly to abundantly at the Bahamas.

Elphidium sagra (d'Orbigny) 

Plate 3, figure 7

Elphidium sagrum (d'Orbigny). Cushman, 1939, p. 55, pi. 15, 

figs. 1-3.

This species was also described from the shore sands 

of Cuba and has been recorded elsewhere in the West 

Indies and off South America.

It occurs rarely and is smaller than normal in the 

Bahamas. The test is thick through the center, angled 

on the periphery, and has an expanding apertural face. 

The prominent retral processes appear as spiral costae. 

Elphidiu/in sagra is characterized by its bulging apertural face as contrasted with the low apertural face of 

E. lanieri (d'Orbigny).

Family CYMBALOPORIDAE 

Genus CYMBALOPORETTA Cushman, 1928

Cymbaloporetta bradyi (Cushman)

Cynibaloporetta bradyi (Cushman). Todd and Bronnimann, 

1957, p. 37, pi. 11, fig. 9.

The Bahama specimens of this cosmopolitan species 

are all small, incipient forms, but they do have a cavernous ventral side. We have very few in scattered

samples.

Genus TRETOMPHALUS Moebius, 1880

Tretomphalus bulloides (d'Orbigny)

Tretomphalus bulloides (d'Orbigny). Cushman, 1934, p. 86, pi. 

11, figs. 1, 2; pi. 12, fig. 6.

We found a single typical specimen with a float chamber in the bottom of the core taken at station D8. The 

species was described from shore sands of Cuba and 

Haiti.

Family ANOMALINIDAE 

Genus CIBICIDES Montfort, 1808

Cibicides lobatulus (Walker and Jacob)

Cibicides lobatula (Walker and Jacob). Cushman, 1931b, p. 118. 

pi. 21, fig. 3.

This well-known cosmopolitan species is rare at the 

Bahamas, being found only in samples from the outer 

edge and at one central reef station.
FORAMINIFERA FROM THE BAHAMA BANK WEST OF ANDROS ISLAND C17

Family PLANORBTTLINIDAE 

Genus PLANORBTTLINA d'Orbigny, 1826

Planorbulina acervalis Brady

Planorbulina acervalis Brady. Gushman, 1931b, p. 130, pi. 25, 

fig. 1.

This widely recorded species is rare in our Bahama 

material. With the closely related species Acervulina inliaerens Schultze, it is restricted to two stations, A2 and 

Z>5, near the outer edge of the Bank.

Genus ACERVTTLIHTA Schultze, 1854 

Acervulina inhaerens Schultze

Acerrulina, inhaerens Schultze. Cushnian, Todd, and Post, 1954, 

p. 372, pi. 91, figs. 37, 38.

This is a cosmopolitan species in warm shallow water. 

It is rare 'at the Bahamas being found only at the two 

outermost stations.

Family NOfflONIDAE 

Genus FLORH.TIS Montfort, 1808

Florilus cf. F. sloanii (d'Orbigny)

Two single specimens were found which resemble the 

species cited as Nonion sloanii (d'Orbigny) by Cushman 

(1930, p. 9, pi. 3, figs. 6-8). Our specimens are not typical, being less elongate, flatter, and having only seven 

chambers. It was described from off Cuba and Jamaica.

Genus PSETTDOffONIOff Asano, 1936 

Pseudononion grateloupi (d'Orbigny)

Nonionina grateloupi d'Orbigny, 1839a, p. 46, pi. 6, figs. 6, 7. 

Nonion grateloiipi (d'Orbigny). Cushman, 1930, p. 10, pi. 3,

figs. 9-11; pi. 4, figs. 1-4. 

Pseudononion grateloupi (d'Orbigny). Andersen, 1961, p. 84,

pi. 18, fig. 3.

Pseudononion grateloupi was described from shore 

sands of Cuba, Jamaica, and Martinique and is a widespread species in the Atlantic and Pacific. It is a more 

flattened species than P. atlantic-urn (Cushman) and 

is also flatter than the specimens we are referring to 

Florilus sloanii (d'Orbigny). The rare occurrences are 

widely scattered on the Bahama Bank.

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CIS CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALEONTOLOGY

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FORAMINIFERA FROM THE BAHAMA BANK WEST OF ANDROS ISLAND C19

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INDEX

[Italic page numbers indicate both major references and descriptions]

acervalis, Planorbulina..................... C3,4,17

Acervulina.................................... 17

inhaerens................................ 3,4, 17

advena,Elphidium.................. 3,4,15,16; pi. 3

Rectobolivina............................. 4,6, IS

Siphogenerina............................. 13

aeguilateralis, Olobigerinella. .................. 6

agglutinans, Quinqueloculina.................. g

Textularia................................ 4,6,7

aguayoi, Diacorbis...................... .... 3,4,1^

alveoliniformis occidentalis, Schlumbergerina... 4,6,11 

Ammonia..................................... 15

beccarii.................................. 3,4,15

tepida................................ 3,4,15

Amphistegina................................. 15

kssonii.................................. 3,6,15

Amphisteginidae....._-.__.-.-.._._.-__._.... 15

anderseni, Helenia............................ 15

Helenina...................... 3, 4, 6, 15; pi. 3

Pseudoeponides........................... 15

angularis, Clavulina.................... 3, 4, 7; pi. 1

MilioUna.................................. 9

angulatus,Archaias................. 3, 4, 6,12; pi. 1

Nautilus.................................. 12

Angulogerina................................. 13

angulosa.................................. 13

occidentalis............................... 4,6,13

angulosa, Angulogerina..... ................... 13

Anomalinidae..__..._..._..._...._.._....__.. 16

antillarum, Eponides.......................... 7

Heterostegina............................. 7

Archaias...................................... 12

angulatus...................... 3, 4, 6, 1#; pi. 1

compressus................................ 12

arietina, Spirolina............................. 4, 6,1#

Articulina.................................... lo

lineata.................................... 10

mexicana...................... 3, 4, 6, 10; pi. 1

mucronata........................ 3, 4, 10; pi. 1

aaffra,----___-_---__-_.-.__.____._ 3, 4, 10; pi. 1

Assemblage comparisons_..-....----.-..... 7

Asterigerina................................... 15

carinata....................... 3, 4, 6, 15; pi. 3

atlantica, Conicospirillina.................... 4, 6, 13

Hopkinsina pacifica..--................... 13

Nonionella................................ 6

atlanticum, Pseudononion..................._. 17

australis, Guttulina spicaeformis.............. 4,6,1#

B 

bahamaensis, Rosalina............... 3, 4, 6, 14; pi. 3

bassensis, Triloculina................. 3, 4, 6, 9; pi. 2

beccaiii, Ammonia...............__...._____. 3, 4,15

tepida, Ammonia......................... 3,4,15

Rotalia............................... 15

bermudezi, Triloculina.........._.._.._....._. 11

bermudiana, Dentostomina.... _______________ 6,9

bicarinata, Triloculina........................ 10

Biloculina ringens denticulata................. 11

subspherica............................... 11

Biloculinella......................... _________ 11

eburnea........................... 3, 4,11; pi. 2

Bisoayne Bay._____________________.._____. 7

Bock, Wayne, cited..________________.____ 12,15

Page 

Bolivina...................................... C12

compacta............................., 3,4, 6, IK

pulchella................................. 3,4,13

rhomboidalis.-..--....................... 3,4,13

striatula................................. 3,4,13

subezcatata............................. 6,12

(Loxostomum) limbata costulata........... 4,6,13

bosciana, Quinqueloculina..................... 9

bradyi, Cymbaloporetta..................... 3,4,6,16

Parrina................................. 3,4,11

Peneroplis............_......_.__.. 4, 6,11; pi. 2

brasilensis, Glabratella........................ 4,6,1^

Buccella sp. A._.____.____-_.._____.._._ 6

Buliminella................................... 12

madagascariensis.......................... 12

milletti............................ 3, 4, 12; pi. 2

Buliminidae....____..____.____.....____ 12

bulloides, Globigerina.......................... 6

Tretomphalus............................ 4,6,16

candeiana, Rosalina........................... 6,14

carinata, Asterigerina................ 3, 4, 6,15; pi. 3

Pyrgo.................................... 6

Quinqueloculina reticulata................. 10

Triloculina............................... 10

Central bank___..________........________ 1,3

Cibicides...................................... 16

lobatulus....................... ___._._.__ 3,4,16

circularis, Miliolinella......................... 6

Clavulina..................................... 7

angularis........................... 3, 4, 7; pi. 1

nodosaria........................... 4, 6, 7; pi. 2

pacifica............. _________._____. 7

tricarinata.......................... __._.. 7

compacta, Bolivina. ...___...._._._........ 3, 4, 6,12

compressa, Cyclorbiculina.............3, 6, 1%; pi. 1

Oibiculina................................ 12

compressus, Archaias.......................... 12

Conicospirillina.-----..-...................... 13

atlantica................................. 4,6,13

Core material._----------_--_--_-_----__---_- 1

Cornuspira................................... 11

planorbis.. _________..._._--.__-------- 3,4,11

costulata, Bolivina (Loxostomum) limbata..... 4,6,13

Cribrobulimina................................ 8

mixta..................................... 8

polystoma........................ 3. 4, 7. 8; pi. 1

Cyclorbiculina..-.-.-.........-------.-.---.-- 12

compressa...................... ____3, 6,12; pi. 1

CymbaloporeUa.................. ___________ 16

bradyi................................. 3,4,6,16

sp_______,________..____ 6

Cymbaloporidae__......._____________ 16

D

delicatula, Eoeponidella....................... 14

denticulata, Biloculina ringens................. 11

Pyrgo................................... 4,6,11

Dentostomina..........---....-............--- 9

bermudiana.-..--.....................---- 6,9

(Dentostomina) agglutinans, Quinqueloculina.-- 4,

6, 9; pi. 1

discoidale, Elphidium.................C3, 4, 16; pi. 3

Discorbidae_ ____.__....._. _____.-.---.__.. 14

Discorbis...................................... 14

aguayoi........ .._,_ _ . -__-. 3,4,1^

floridana........................-..--..... 14

Dry Tortugas.._____.... _____.... 7

E

eburnea, Biloculinella.................. 3,4,11; pi. 2

Triloculina............................... 11

Blphidiidae.__..._____........ ____ 15

Elphidium.................................... 15,16

advena.......................... 3,4,15,16; pi. 3

discoidale......................... 3,4,16; pi. 3

gunteri. -....-..........__________________ 6

incertum mexicanum........... ___________ 16

lanieri.................................... 16

mexicanum.........................3, 4,16; pi. 3

jnoreJioL...--------------------- 3, 4, 6,16; pi. 3

poeyanum......................... 3, 4,16; pi. 3

sagra------....................... 3, 4,16; pi. 3

.raresZuceBS.------------------------------ 16

Eoeponidella.............. ______-______--_ 14

deVcatula.-------------------------------- 14

7-/'<_(/wZa---------------------------------- 4,6,14

Eponides antillarum.......................... 7

repanda...........-...-........---.--.-. 7

fichteliana, Mjliolinella.........-.... -____ 4,6,11

Triloculina-.......................... -- 11

Fissurina.....-------------------------------- 13

lucida...........------....-------------. 3,4.13

fiterrei meningoi, Triloculhia............ 4, 6, 9; pi. 2

Florida..-,.______ ----- - - 7

Florida Bay_________--------------_---------- 7

floridana, Discorbis........-------------------- 14

Posalina........... ................... 4. 6, 14

l*7on7 tfS-_------------------------------------ 17

sloanii.---------------------------------- 4, 6.17

G

Glabratetta.-- . 14

brasilensis.........-.-..-.-----.-.------- 4, 6,14

Globigerina bulloides...........-------.------- 6

rubescens------------... ------- .___- 6

Globigerinella aequilateralis................-... 6

Globigefinoidestrilobus.------ ...- 6

Globorotalia hirsute..... - ----------------- 6

menardii.. ------------------------------- 6

goesi, Quinqueloculina..---...---------- 4, 6, 8; pi. 2

grateloupi, Nonion. ______ _ _____----___-- 17

Nonionina.------------------------ ------- 17

Pseudononion...__..............-----.---- 4, 6,17

Great Abaco Island-------------- -------- 7

gunteri, Elphidium -------------------------- 6

GlMulina------------------------------ 12

spicaeformis australis.....---------- .-- 4,6, 12

H

Helenia anderseni........................... 15

Helenina.------- - --- -------------- 15

anderseni..-...... - 3, 4, 6,15; pi. 3

C21
C22 INDEX

Page 

Heterostegina antillarum-.- .._..___-.-____ C7

hirsuta, Globorotalia.--------- ___...____ 6

Homotrema rubrum.----- __.__._---_.__ 6

Hopkinsina..-------..._.__-------_.__ 13

pacifica..------.- ---.-------- 4,6, IS

pacifica atlantica- ---- __.-___-__--. 13

I, J

incertum mexicanum, Elphidium..... -..____-_- 16

inhaerens, Acervulina. - _.._____.-__._ 3,4,17 

Jamaica_-___...__-----_--------- 7

labiosa,MilioUnella------------------------ 3,4,6,11

Triloculina------------------------------ 11

lamarckiana, Quinqueloculina- _______._- 3,4, 8; pi. 2

Lamarckina... --_____-_-_--___-__-_-_--_--_-_- 15

sp_..._ -----. _--- -- --_. 4,6,15

lanieri, Elphidium,--- ...---------____-_-_--- 16

lessonii, Amphistegina,. _--____-___--_-__-_ 3,6,15

limbata costulata, Bolivina (Loxostomum) ...-- 4, 6,13 

lineata, Ajticulina. ______-_-_____-___---___-_- 10

linneiana, Triloculina..--....... _____ 3,4, 9; pi. 2

lobatulus, Cibicides-.-- _.__.___-_-----__ 3,4, 16

Loxostomum,- - ______--.______-_-_____-_- 13

(Loxostomum), limbata costulata Bolivina--.-. 4, 6, 13 

lucida, Fissurina --... _.-_-_._-_--._-_ 3,4,13

M

madagascariensis, Buliminetta- -. ___-_-_--_-. 12 

marginalis, Sontes--... ____._______-_ 6,12

Marginopora.----- ...--_-_-____-_-- __.-_- 12

vertebralis_.____-_________._-- 4,6, lg

marshattana, Triloculina- ______._-____ 9

menardii, Oloborotalia ____ .____ __.__- 6

meningoi, Triloculina fiterrei__....... 4,6,9; pi. 2

mexicana,Articulina.. ...___-_-_-_. 3,4,6, 10; pi. 1

mexicanum, Elphidivm.- __________._ 3,4,16; pi. 3

Elphidium incertum...--------- __-_-__ 16

Mlliolidae.-.- .....- 8

Miliolina angularis, _.-_--._.___.__-_-__ 9 

subrotunda- ----_-_--_--...-.__-_-_.__-__- 10

Miliolinella------------- __...-.-_-_.-____. 11

circulariS--------------------------------- 6

fichteliana. __.__.__________ 4, §,11 

labiosa- .-- ...._ 3,4,6,11

milletti, Buliminetta- __-_____.... 3,4, !#; pi. 2

mira, Rotorbinella--------.......... ____ 4,6,14; pi. 2

mixta, Ciibrobulimina.------.-----------..---- 8

morenoi, Elphidium...-_______ 3,4,6,16; pi. 3 

mucronata,Articulina-. ___________- 3,4, 10; pi. 1

N 

nasutus, Pyrgo....___. ___.._ ___ 11

Nautilus angulatus.-------........__.._ 12

Nearshore__-________-_______-_-_____- 1,3

Neoconorbina........ __.--....__.....___ 14

terquemi--. __---..---..__....____ 4,6,14

New Providence Island--.,..-__..._______. 7

nitidula, Eoeponidella. ________________... 4,6,14

Pulvinulina--------_._.__....__._ 14

nodosaria, Clavulina.. ____________ 4, 6, 7; pi. 2

Nonion grateloupL 

sloanii-----------

Nonionella atlantica 

Nonionidae_.......

Nonionina grateloupL

O

oblonga, Triloculina_._.-_._-..._-...-- 3,4,9

occidentalis, Angulogerina..-- _-_-._---. _ 4,6, IS

Schlumbergerina alveoliniformis.---------- 4,6, 11

Occurrence of species.......___.._.__ 3

Ophthalmidiidae.........--........-. _. 11

opima, Rosalina.---.----------.-------------- 6

Orbiculina compressa.. _____._____. 12 

Outer bank____________________ 1,3 

oviedoiana, Valvulina. ___.___ 3, 4, 7, 8; pi. 1

P Page

pacifica atlantica, Hopkinsina----------------- C13

Clavulina___._______________ 7 

Hopkinsina._______--------_.._.. 4,6, IS

Parrina.---- _____.______._____ 11

bradyi. -__._-____-_-_.__.---_.____..___-. 3,4,11

Peneroplidae.._..._,_-_.____-.-_- 11

Peneroplis-- ___.--_-_-_____-------- 11

bradyi- ________-______ 4, 6, 11; pi. 2 

proteus ----------------------- 3, 4, 6, 11; pi. 1

planciana, Triloculina----------.... ____._- 9

Planktonlc Foraminifera____._-_____-.____- 6

planorbis, Cornuspira... _______.__--- 3,4, 11

Planorbulina.-------------------------------- 17

acervalis.---.- ____-_..____--..__.____ 3,4,17

Piano rbulinidae..______--________.--_- 17

poeyana, Quinqueloculina-- _______-._- 3, 4, 8; pi. 2

poeyanum, Elphidium,---- ___._.__ 3, 4, 16; pi. 3

polygona, Quinqueloculina-------- ___. 4, 6, 8; pi. 2

Polymorphii idae_----__--_.___---_-____ 12

polystoma, Cribrobulimina.----------- 3, 4, 7, S; pi. 1

proteus, Peneroplis------ __-..-__ 3, 4, 6, 11; pi. 1

Pseudoeponides anderseni. ____________...... 15

Pseudononion___-.._-_______--... 17

atlanticum.-.. _.___-_-_-.____--.__ 17 

grateloupi_..____..._.---___-.______ 4,6,17

pulchella, Bolivina----------- __ -------- 3,4,13

Sagrina -------- _.__---_-----___._-_--- 13

Pulvinulina nitidula-------------------------- 14

punctata, Virgulina------ __.--_-----_- 4,6,12

Pyrgo.-... .................................. 11

carinata.---.---- __---___---___.-__--- 6

denticulata------_ -___ _ __---___-.- __ 4,6,11

nasutus ---,---------------,------------- 11

subspherica.--------- __.-_____._. 3,4,10,11

Q 

quadrilateia, Triloculina---------------- ____ 6

quadrilateralis, Triloculina -------------- _... 9

Quinqueloculina---------- ___----._--.---__- 8,10

agglutinans-,-----.... .__--..-____ 9

bosciana.-------.__--..----._--- -_-.___ 9

goesi.----........-.... ... 4, 6, 8; pi. 2

lamarckiana------------...___--. 3, 4, 8; pi. 2

poeyana ___-.-___-_-_---..---_ 3, 4, 8; pi. 2 

polygona-- ...____________. 4, 6, 8; pi. 2

reticulata--------------------------------- 6

carinata------ ___.__--.._____. 10

seminulum....___---_._--__-_---.____-_._- 10

subrotunda_...__________-___-._ 10

torrei --------------------- 3, 4, 6, 9; pi. 2

(Dentostomina) agglutinans.__ __ 4, 6, 9; pi. 1

R

Ragged Island area___.__..._____ 7 

Rectobolivina ... .___-.._._.._____.__ 13

advena..----___._._.__-_-.-._ 4,6,13

repanda, Eponides. .-..-___.___._.-__. 7 

reticulata carinata, Quinqueloculina ------_- 10

Quinqueloculina-- ___-_--.___ ..... 6

Triloculina .......... ..-.- 3, 4, 6, 10; pi. 2

revertens, Spirillinavivipara--. _.__.__.. 4,6,13 

rhomboidalis, Bolivina__-_____________ 3,4,13

ring ens denticulata, Biloculina.-,- _____._ 11

Rosalina.__-_.__._._-_..__-..___ 14 

bahamaensis.....__.._____- 3, 4, 6, 14; pi. 3

candeiana...... ._______________ 6,14

floridana..._____-______-_._ 4,6,14 

opima.--.--------...-------.------------- 6

rugosa..- ______..______._- 4,6,14

Rose Bengal stain-_____..____----._ 1

rosea, Rotalia.. ________________.. 3,6,15 

Rotalia-- ____________________________________ 15

beccarii tepida. ______-_.__-___ 15 

rosea----, _._____.__-__-._... 3,6,15

Rotaliidae..______________._.... 15

Rotorbinella...------------------------------- 14

mira __________________ 4,6,14; pi. 2 

rubescens, Globigerina- -------- ____-.... 6

rubrum, Homotrema_____________... 6

Page

rugosa, Rosalina.

s

sagra,Articulina- _____________ 3,4,10; pi. 1

Elphidium _______________ 3,4,16; pi. 3 

Sagrina pulchella-..........__..______ 13

Schlumbergerina-.... ..._.-_......______ 11

alveoliniformis occidentalis-.---.--.-...... 4, 6, 11

schreiberiana, Triloculina.------.... .._. 4,6,10; pi. 2

seminulum, Quinqueloculina-....... _...__ 10

sidebottomi, Sigmottina------ _____-.____ 10

Triloculina...-----------.----..--- 4,6,10; pi. 2

Sigmoilina sidebottomi... __.................. 10

Siphogenerina advena- ..__.....__-...__ 13

sloanii, Florilus.-. ..........._............. 4,6,17

Nonion-..._.............___.___. 17

Sorites. ............___..._--_-_.___.. 12

marginalis-.... ...___..___..._.. 6,12

South Riding Rock..____..______.. 1,6 

spicaefoimis australis, Guttulina..... ..__... 4,6,12

Spirillina.-----.......__......_.__... 13

vivipara... ...._..__.......__..... 4,6,13

vivipara revertens...... ...___..._... 4,6,13

Spirillinidae.. - _ _.- 13 

Spi) olina...........__.......____..... 12

arietina----...... ..._..._._._.... 4,6,13

Straits of Florida....____________.. 6

striatula, Bolivina......... .________-_ 3,4,13

subexcavata. Bolivina--...-___---.-_--__--_ 6,12 

subrotunda, Miliolina. ...-.........-_..... 10

Quinqueloculina--.... ..........._...... 10

subspherica, Biloculina-.----.-----.-------.--- 11

Pvrgo 3,4,10,11

T 

Taxonomic corrections.,....._._-...-.... 6

tepida, Ammonia beccarii............._..... 3,4,15

Rotalia beccaiii...-___--_.-_ ....... .. 15

terquemi, Neoconorbina............... ..._.. 4,6,14

Textularia- - ____-___________... 7

agglutinans- _____._______-____ 4,6,7 

Textulariidae-______-__________-._ 7

torrei, Quinqueloculina................ 3,4,6,9; pi. 2

translucens, Elphidium,--... _.___._..--,- 16 

Tretomphalus.----------- ... _ ......-..--.-- 16

buttoides 4,6,16

tricarinata, Clavulina-.........---------...... 7

Triloculina.-----... __....__.._.__--_- 6

trigonula, Triloculina...----- ...------ . 4,6,10

trilobus, OlobigerinoideS-----------------...... 6

Triloculina---...-_._..-._...--- ... 9 

baasensis.--------------------- 3, 4, 6, 9; pi. 2

bermudezi.-----------...... --...- 11

bicarinata.. __..__-_------- --.- 10

carinata............ .. ... - - 10

eburnea.---.-.-.-- ... ---- 11

fichteliana........-------------------- 11

fiterrei meningoi.............------- 4, 6, 9; pi. 2

labiosa.----------------------------------- 11

linneiana------...__--_ 3, 4, 9; pi. 2

marshallana.------------------ ... .. 9

oblonga----... ......___..... -- 3,4,9

planciana--------- ... _-_... .._--.. 9

quadrilatera..... _.._.-_ _. ... 6

quadrilateralis..... _--__.._. ------ 9

reticulata 3, 4, 6,10; pi. 2

schreiberiana. -.. 4, 6,10; pi. 2 

sidebottomi 4, 6,10; pi. 2

tricarinata..----------- ... - -- -- 6

trigonula._.__--------- -.._ -- 4,6,10

Valvulina.--- __-------_____---._-. 7

oviedoiana___-_-._._........ 3, 4, 7, 8; pi. 1

Valvulinidae ___._.___-._-.__-_--...___. 7

vertebralis, Marginopora------- _____..-- 4,6, 1%

Virgulina. _--..._-.-._._____-------- 12

punctata. ___....__-.---._.__-_.... 4,6,12 

vivipara revertens, Spirillina-.- _____._.- 4,6,13

Spirillina---------------------------- 4,6.13
PLATES 1-3

Contact photographs of the plates in this report are available, at cost, from U.S. Geological 

Survey Library, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225
PLATE 1

[Fig. 8, X 25; fig. 7, X 40; all others, X 50]

FIGURE 1. Articulina mucronata (d'Orbigny)(p. CIO). 

USNM 688522; core A2, 49.5-50 cm.

2. Articulina mexicana Cushman (p. CIO). 

USNM 688521; core A2, 49.5-50 cm.

3. Cribrobulimina polystoma (Parker and Jones) (p. C8). 

USNM 688554; core E9, about middle.

4. Valvulina oviedoiana d'Orbigny (p. C7).

USNM 688534; core B6, 9.5-10 cm; a, side view; b, top view.

5. Archaias angulatus (Fichtel and Moll) (p. C12). 

USNM 688547; core D7, 9.5-10 cm.

6. Clavulina angularis d'Orbigny (p. C7). 

USNM 688549; core E7, 9.5-10 cm.

7. Quinqueloculina (Dentostomina) agglutinans d'Orbigny (p. C9). 

USNM 688530; core All, 29.5-30 cm.

8. Cyclorbiculina compressa (d'Orbigny) (p. C12). 

USNM 688546; core D7, 9.5-10 cm.

9. Articulina sagra d'Orbigny (p. CIO). 

USNM 688553; core E8, 9.5-10 cm.

10. Peneroplis proteus d'Orbigny (p. Cll). 

USNM 688545; core D7, 9.5-10 cm.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 683-C PLATE 1

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PLATE 2

[Figs. 2, 10,11, 14, X 45; all others, X 90. Specimens illustrated in figs 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10,12, and 15 were stained green

to facilitate photographing them]

FIGURE 1. Clavulina nodosaria d'Orbigny (p. C7). 

USNM 688529; core All, 29.5-30 cm.

2. Triloculina reticulata d'Orbigny (p. CIO). 

USNM 688527; core A10, 9.5-10 cm.

3. Quinqueloculina goesi Todd and Bronnimann (p. C8). 

USNM 688525; core A7, 9.5-10 cm.

4. Quinqueloculina poeyana d'Orbigny (p. C8). 

USNM 688535; core B6, 89.5-90 cm.

5. Quinqueloculina polygona d'Orbigny (p. C8). 

USNM 688548; core D8, 9.5-10 cm.

6. Triloculina fiterrei meningoi Acosta (p. C9). 

USNM 688543; core D6, top.

7. Biloculinella eburnea (d'Orbigny) (p. Cll). 

USNM 688531; core All, 109.5-110 cm.

8. Triloculina bassensis Parr (p. C9). 

USNM 688544; core D6, top.

9. Triloculina schreiberiana d'Orbigny (p. CIO). 

USNM 688528; core AW, 9.5-10 cm.

10. Quinqueloculina lamarckiana d'Orbigny (p. C8). 

USNM 688550; core E8, 9.5-10 cm.

11. Quinqueloculina torrei Acosta (p. C9).

USNM 688551; core E8, 9.5-10 cm; a, side view; 

b, top view.

12. Peneroplis bradyi Cushman (p. Cll).

USNM 688524; core A4, 79.5-80 cm.

13. Buliminella milletti Cushman (p. C12).

USNM 688526; core A9, 99.5-100 cm.

14. Triloculina sidebottomi (Martinotti) (p. CIO). 

USNM 688539; core C3, surface.

15. Triloculina linneiana d'Orbigny (p. C9). 

USNM 688552; core E8, 9.5-10 cm.

16. Rotorbinetta mira (Cushman) (p. C14).

USNM 688540; core Cl, 9.5-10 cm; a, dorsal view; 

b, ventral view; c, peripheral view.
PROFESSIONAL PAPER 683-C PLATE 2

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PLATE 3

[All figures X 90. Specimens illustrated in figs. 4 and 5 were stained green to facilitate photographing them]

FIGURE 1. Helenina anderseni (Warren) (p. C15).

USNM 688532; core All, 109.5-110 cm; a, dorsal 

view; b, ventral view; c, peripheral view.

2. Rosalina bahamaensis Todd and Low, n. sp (p. C14). 

Holotype, USNM 688523; core A8, 109.5-110 cm; 

a, dorsal view; b, ventral view; c, peripheral view.

3. Asterigerina carinata d'Orbigny (p. CIS).

USNM 688520; core A2, 9.5-10 cm; a, dorsal view; 

b, ventral view; c, peripheral view.

4. Elphidium mexicanum Kornfeld (p. C16).

USNM 688537; core B6, 89.5-90 cm; a, side view; 

6, peripheral view.

5. Elphidium advena (Cushman) (p. CIS).

USNM 688536; core B6, 89.5-90 cm; a, side view; 

b, peripheral view.

6. Elphidium morenoi Bermudez (p. C16).

USNM 688533; core All, 109.5-110 cm; a, side view; 

b, peripheral view.

7. Elphidium sagra (d'Orbigny) (p. C16).

USNM 688542; core D5, bottom; a, side view; 

b, peripheral view.

8. Elphidium poeyanum (d'Orbigny) (p. C16).

USNM 688541; core Cl, 9.5-10 cm; a, side view; 

6, peripheral view.

9. Elphidium discoidale (d'Orbigny) (p. C16).

USNM 688538; core B7, 29.5-30 cm; a, side view; 

b, peripheral view.

US. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1971 O 4O4-760
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 683-C PLATE 3

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