--··•--• .. m•a•al•lll•l•a•al•u•an••- .. •.. ---

The front and back covers show two 

cast stone bas-reliefs depicting GPO 

workers. The bas-reliefs are found on 

the north face of GPO's Building No. 4 

paper warehouse, located adjacent to 

the Central Office plant in Washington, DC Constructed in 1936, the 

warehouse's ornamentation is typical 

of Federal buildings of that period. 

On the front cover is a Pressman 

wearing the printer's traditional selfmade paper cap to keep misting ink 

out of his hair. He lifts a locked chase 

holding columns of metal type. One 

foot rests on a deadman's switch which 

operates the web-fed press behind 

him. On the press, paper from the roll 

at lower left threads its way through to 

the printed sheets at right. 

On the back cover is a Rollman, 

also wearing the traditional cap. He 

stops the wheel of a dolly with one 

foot while guiding a roll of paper to a 

waiting press. With one hand he 

steadies the chained roll and with the 

other he signals the lift operator. 

Much has changed at GPO since 

these bas-reliefs were sculpted. Women 

and minorities now make up the 

majority of GPO's craft and professional workforce. Metal type has been 

replaced by computerized information 

technologies. The paper used today is 

virtually all recycled. Workplace 

improvements have reduced exposure 

to ink misting and other hazards. 

Yet there remains one unchanging 

factor about GPO: the skill, the dedication, and the commitment of the men 

and women of GPO to getting the job 

done. The Pressman and Rollman 

sculptures on this Annual Report celebrate these timeless GPO values. 
A Message from the Public Printer .................................... l 

Financial Highlights .................................................. 5 

Printing for Congress ................................................ 8 

Printing for Federal Agencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 

Government Printing Papers ........................................ 22 

Superintendent of Documents Operations ........................... 25 

Production Support, Administrative, and Financial Operations ........ 33 

Financial Statements ................................................ 38 
he Government Printing Office 

(GPO) faced a broad range of challenges dming fiscal year 1991. Holding 

the line on prices, resolving management issues identified by the General 

Accounting Office (GAO), processing 

an extraordinary end-of-session Congressional printing workload, reestablishing an effective equipment modernization program, negotiating 

responsible wage agreements, expanding the use of recycled paper, preparing 

a strategic vision of the future-these 

and other issues dominated the agenda 

at GPO this past year. 

GPO$ yearend financial figures 

reflect the results of a concerted effort 

to reverse the previous policy of passing 

on cost increases to our customers via a 

higher scale of prices. In keeping with 

the current era of fiscal restraint, cost 

increases were absorbed with no 

impact on prices. 

GPO ended fiscal year 1991 

with a net consolidated operating 

loss of $1.2 million on $915.1 

million in business, as compared 

to a net gain of $3.6 million on 

$935.3 million in business the 

previous year. Despite this outcome, however, GPO$ finances 

remain stable. During the year we 

implemented reasonable, equitable pay increases for all employees without increasing our Scale 

of Prices. Other cost increases 

were similarly absorbed. Our 

objective of restoring GPOs 

finances to a true cost-recovery 

basis was missed by only a fraction of a percentage. Overall, 

therefore, the financial results of 

1991 indicate that we are pursuing the proper financial strategy, 

and I am confident that 1992 will 

yield positive results. 

RIBIIIIIBIIII!II!Blflll IIIIRIIU II II IBB 

... the financial results of 

1991 indicate that we are 

pursuing the proper 

financial strategy . .. 

An ongoing program of cost controls on staffing, overtime, awards, 

training, travel, and subscriptions 

yielded a savings of $7.9 million by 

yearend, enabling us to hold the line on 

prices. Additional savings were 

FIBBIII!BaFIBBflllil IIUIIIIIIIIBIIIU!IIIilll 

achieved in cooperation with the Joint 

Committee on Printing QCP), which 

directed a reduction of approximately 

$1 million in GPO$ annual contracts 

and services. Substantial savings will be 

achieved in 1992 with the continuation 

of these cost controls. 

We made solid progress during the 

year in achieving other economies, as 

actions were taken to resolve the issues 

highlighted by GAO in its 1990 general 

management review of GPO. By yearend, total overtime use, including the 

use of weekend overtime, decreased by 

27 percent compared to 1990. Nevv 

procedures were established to improve 

our support for customer agencies, 

leading the chairman of the Interagency 

Council on Printing and Publications 

Services to remark recently that "GPO 

has become more customer-oriented." 

Other steps were taken to establish new performance standards 

for senior level managers, 

upgrade our internal information 

system, and implement a new 

strategic planning process. In january 1992, GAO rated GPO$ performance as positive in 9 of 13 

specific management areas. 

Action on the remaining four 

areas will be completed by the 

end of fiscal1992. 

Substantial progress was 

made in improving service to 

Congress, following instances of 

late deliveries of the Congressional 

Record in the closing weeks of the 

lOlst Congress due to an extraordinary volume of work. New 

guidelines were developed for the 

production and delivery of the 

Congressional Record, with input 

from the Office of the Secretary of 

the Senate, the Office of the Clerk 

of the House of Representatives, 
and the JCP A contingency plan was 

developed to handle peak workload 

periods and was implemented successfully during the closing weeks of the 

102d Congress when the workload 

again rose to unusually high levels. 

Technological improvements to the 

equipment and systems used to produce the Record were also undertaken. 

As the result of these actions, the incidence of cut Congressional Records and 

late Record deliveries was reduced significantly in 1991, particularly during 

the latest end-of-session period. The 

actions we took this past year will further reduce the incidence of cut and 

late Records in 1992. 

Improving the printed quality of the 

Congressional Record was also a major 

objective of 1991. A capital investment 

proposal valued at approximately 

$1 7 million was developed for the 

Accompanied 

Deputy Public Printer 

William A Hohns G) 

and 

Richard C. Barnett (r), 

Public Printer Houk 

details GPO's activities 

of 1991 in 

1992 hearing; 

the Committee 

011 

.... as Ill& II&EJ IIIII& 

The incidence of cut 

Congressional Records and 

late Record deliveries was 

reduced significantly in 1991, 

particularly during the latest 

end-of-session period. 

acquisition of three new 64-page offset 

web presses to replace the four aging 

web letterpresses that are currently 

used to produce the Record and the 

Federal Register. The new presses are 

essential to our efforts to modernize 

pressroom operations. Our press modernization package also provides for the 

acquisition of two 32-page offset web 

presses and two 16-page offset web 

presses to replace other obsolete equipment and improve pressroom efficiency 

All of this equipment will support 

standard metric sizes, which will produce additional savings as we proceed 

with our metric conversion activities. 

Upgrading GPO's pressroom was 

only one of several measures taken 

during the year to move forward with 

equipment improvement plans that 

had been pending since 1990 and 

before. In March 1991, a package of 

equipment purchases and other capital 

investments valued at approximately 

$7 million was forwarded to the JCP 

for approval. The package included a 

proposal for the purchase of a new six-
color passport press and approximately 

$2 million for equipment dedicated to 

Congressional work. The submission 

of this package put GPOs equipment 

modernization program back on track, 

inaugurating a new semiannual review 

process for capital investments and 

establishing new guidelines for the 

analysis, review, and submission of 

capital investment proposals to the JCP 

Our pay systems were also 

updated in 1991. A 3-year agreement 

reached with the representatives of 

GPO's police officers brought the 

officers' pay into line with similar 

police officers at the Bureau of Engraving and Printing. A 4-year agreement 

was reached with the representatives of 

2,800 craft and craft-related employees 

in l 0 Central Office unions. The agreement includes an innovative mechanism to establish new pay rates, subject 

to the approval of the JCP, as new 

equipment or processes are introduced 

during the life of the contract. A 4-year 

agreement was also reached with the 

representatives of 1,300 white collar 

employees at the Central Office. In 

addition to these agreements, a new 

pay system was implemented for senior 

managers and the pay of non bargaining employees was adjusted. 

We continued to make progress 

during 1991 in the use of recycled 

paper, with the leadership and support 

of the JCP as well as the House and 

Senate Appropriations Committees. 

Late in the year, a contract was 

awarded for the purchase of recycled 

newsprint to be used in printing the 

Congressional Record and the Federal 

Register. This was our first successful 

procurement of recycled newsprint. 

We also developed a plan to expand 

the use of other recycled papers with a 

post -consumer waste content of at 

The capstone of our 

management activities during 

1991 was the preparation of 

a strategic vision outlining 

the GPO of the future. 

least 10 percent in Congressional and 

agency printing. 

Progress continued with the development of electronic products and 

services to meet the public's growing 

need for efficient access to Government information. To guide the dissemination of these products and 

services, an Office of Electronic 

Information Dissemination Services 

(EIDS) was established under the 

Superintendent of Documents in 

1991. EIDS will become an important 

source of electronic publishing knowledge and applications experience for 

the entire Government. It will assist 

Federal agencies in the evaluation and 

analysis processes that precede the 

decision to publish electronically, and 

will advise agencies of the appropriate 

actions to be taken to develop different electronic formats. It will also 

assure that Government publications 

in electronic formats are distributed 

throughout the depository library network quickly and efficiently. 

The capstone of our management 

activities dming 1991 was the preparation of a strategic vision outlining the 

GPO of the future. The development of 

this vision followed a period of data 

assembly in eight separate planning 

modules: human resources, training, 

products and services, technology, organizational structure, financial resources, 

facilities, and legislative environment. 

The resulting document, GP0/2001: 

Vision for a New Millennium, was 

recently released for distribution to 

employees and labor representatives, 

the JCP and other Congressional 

offices, Federal agencies, the depository 

library community, Government publications consumers, and other stakeholder groups. 

The crux of GP0/200 1 is that GPO 

will be transformed from an environment dedicated to traditional print 

technologies to an integrated 

information-processing operation distinguished by the electronic creation, 

replication, and dissemination of 

Government information. This transformation will be evolutionary, not 

revolutionary. We will preserve the 

strengths of our current operations 
---111-IIIIIB-, 

while exploring and advancing the 

new opportunities provided by the 

electronic information era. Printing will 

not disappear, but will continue to be 

used when it presents itself as an effective, efficient information option. With 

this strategy, the decision to print will 

become one of several information 

alternatives in a publishing environment based on electronic information 

technologies and processes. 

The development of tactical plans 

to implement the vision of GP0/2001 

is currently underway. This vision cannot be fully realized, however, without 

the invaluable efforts of the dedicated 

men and women of GPO. Their com-

-~----

The men and women of 

GPO truly deserve to be 

recognized for a job 

well done this past year. 

mitment to public service was tested 

during 1991 by increasing pressures 

to turn in high quality, timely, and 

cost-effective work under shrinking 

IMBBIII Iii BIBBILIBBII1fbudgets, in the face of continually 

rising expectations. They overcame 

these challenges to continue producing the information products and 

services that are an integral part of our 

national life. The men and women of 

GPO truly deserve to be recognized for 

a job well done this past year. In the 

pages that follow, therefore, is the 

record of their achievements for 1991. 

ROBERT W HOUK 

Pab!ic Printer 

March 1992 
he public printing and documents 

chapters of Title 44, United States 

Code, require GPO to fulfill the printing needs of the Federal Government 

and distribute Government publications to the public. 

GPO's printing and binding activities are performed at a Central Office 

printing and printing procurement 

facility in Washington, DC, and 6 

regional printing plants, 14 regional 

procurement offices, and at 6 satellite 

procurement facilities located around 

the Nation. 

Distribution activities are overseen 

by GPO's Superintendent of Documents, and include sales of publications, distribution to depository and 

international exchange libraries, 

agency and statutory distribution, 

and the cataloging and indexing of 

Government documents. These activities are performed from centrallylocated operations in Washington, DC, 

- I'III?P!Ii-U7BII!Pii.il lllPP 

GPO Staffmg Levels 

(FTE's at yearend) 

5,075 5,030 

4,962 4,947 

4,797 

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 

--~ • m 

distribution centers in Laurel, MD, 

and Pueblo, CO, Congressional Sales 

Office in Washington, DC, and 23 

GPO bookstores nationwide. 

All GPO activities are financed 

through a revolving fund that is reimbursed by payments from client agencies, sales to the public, and transfers 

from the Congressional Printing and 

Binding Appropriation and the Salaries 

and Expenses Appropriation of the 

Superintendent of Documents. These 

annual appropriations are used to 

reimburse GPO for costs incurred in 

performing Congressional work and to 

fulfill statutory requirements associated with the distribution of Government publications. Reimbursements 

from these appropriations are included 

in GPO's total revenues. 

GPO experienced a consolidated 

net loss for fiscal year 1991 of $1.2 

million, compared to a $3.6 million 

net gain for fiscal year 1990, after the 

return to the U.S. Treasury of excess 

receipts from sales of publications, as 

required by law. The change in financial position is attributable primarily 

to the absorption of increased pay and 

other costs, in addition to decreased 

workload in the Printing Procurement, 

Regional Printing, and Sales Programs 

due to the recessionary climate. 

Consolidated revenue decreased by 

$20.5 million to $915.1 million, due to 

decreased demand for printing products and publications sales. Increases in 

total expenses resulting from increased 

pay and other costs were offset by a 

decrease in purchased printing, yielding 

a $10 million reduction in total 

expenses to $915.5 million. 

GPO's Sales Program operations 

generated excess receipts of $903,000 

during the year. 

In 1991, GPO's in-plant and commercially-procured products and services generated revenue of $847.9 million, compared to $864.2 million in 

1990, representing approximately 93 

percent of GPO's total revenue (after 

eliminations). Revenue from commercially-procured printing was $623 million, or approximately 76 percent of 

total printing and binding revenue 

(net of revenue from sales of blank 

paper and Other Operations). 

GPO Consolidated Revenues 

(In Millions of Dollars) 

$1,019 

$940.9 $935.6 $915.1 

$870.6 

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 

-!IPii'IIIPPPP-1 Bill-
During the year, GPO processed 

315,550 printing orders, an average of 

1 ,204 orders per day. The average revenue from an order produced in-plant 

at the Central Office was $5,041, 

while for regional plants it was $867. 

The average revenue from a commercially-procured job was $2,308. 

GPO used or sold 89.5 million 

pounds of paper in 1991. Of this, 46 

percent was sold to Government agencies and 54 percent was used for inplant printing. 

Central Office Plant Printing 

Operations 

GPOs Central OfTice plant printing 

operations (excluding Materials and 

Other Operations) earned $6.8 million 

in net income in 1991 , compared to a 

net income of $5.6 million in 1990, 

due to the full impact of an increase in 

the Scale of Prices that took effect the 

previous fiscal year. 

Revenue was $161.1 million, an 

increase of $500,000 compared to 

1990. Expenses totaled $154.3 million, a decrease of $700,000 compared 

to the previous year. 

Regional Printing Operations 

GPO's regional printing operations 

experienced a combined net loss of 

GPO's 1991 Revenue Dollar 

Where It Came From 

63.5¢/Purchased Prin 

.5¢/Reimbursements ----

2.9¢/S&E Appropriation 

8.9¢/Sales of Pub 

-·Ill 

------

GPO Appropriations 

(In Millions of Dollars) 

Salaries 

and Expenses 

100 96.5 95.0 97.2 

90 

80 

70 

60 

50 

40 

30 

20 

10 

Congressional 

Printing 

and Binding 

103.1 

95.3 

0 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 

$5 million in 1991, compared to a net 

loss of $4.5 million in 1990, due primarily to a 13 percent decrease in 

chargeable hours. 

Materials and Other Operations 

Materials and Other Operations, 

consisting of paper, materials, supplies, 

and the sale of waste and scrap, 

experienced a combined net loss of 

Where It Went 

60.3¢/Procured 

$2.6 million in 1991, compared to a 

net income of $200,000 in 1990, due 

to fewer issues to jackets. 

Materials Operations experienced a 

net loss of $2.9 million, compared to a 

net of $888,000 in 1990. Other 

Operations generated a net income of 

$348,000, compared to a net income 

of $1.1 million the previous year. 

Central and Regional Printing 

Procnrement Operations 

GPOs printing procurement operations experienced a net loss of $57,000 

in 1991, compared to last year's net 

income of million, due to a workload decline of 15 percent. Total revenue was $623 million in 1991 compared to $634.6 million in 1990. 

Revenue from Central Office 

printing procurement activities 

was $385.8 million compared to 

$390 million in 1990. Expenses were 

$382.6 million compared to $385 million the previous year. 

Regional printing procurement revenue was $236.4 million, compared to 

$243.7 million in 1990. Expenses 

decreased to $239.7 million from 

$246 mi.llion the previous year. 

3.7¢/Rents, Comm., 

6.3¢/Supplies & Materials 

24.2¢/Labor ---------"""""' 
Sales Program 

GPO's Sales Program generated 

net income of $903,000 in 1991, 

compared to net income of $6.4 million in 1990, due primarily to 

decreased demand for Government 

publications and increased pay, 

postage, and other costs. 

Total sales revenue decreased to 

$81.5 million compared to $83.2 million in 1990. Revenue from sales of 

Government publications in electronic 

formats also dropped in 1991, to 

'h900,000, compared to over $1 million in 1990. Bookstore revenue was 

stable at $13.2 million, compared to 

$13.1 million the previous year. 

Total Sales Program expenses 

increased to $80.6 million, compared 

to $76.8 million in 1990, primarily 

due to increased costs for labor, publications sold, and postage. 

Agency Distribution Services 

On behalf of Federal agencies, 

GPO distributes publications to recipients they designate and charges for the 

GPO's 1990 Revenue Dollar 

Where It Came From 

63.7¢/Purchased 

.5¢/Reimbursements ------: 

2.7¢/S&E Appropriation 

8.9¢/Sales of PubliLauLuu~---

4.2¢/ln-House Printing __ _ 

Net Income from Sales 

of Publications 

(In Millions of Dollars)* 

11.4 

6.4 

5.2 

4.4 

.9 

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 

*Excludes Agency Distribution Services 

cost of services performed. In 1991, 

this program earned $4.7 million on 

$4.9 million in costs, yielding a net 

loss of $264,000, due to increased 

labor costs. 

Salaries and Expenses Programs 

Salaries and expenses associated 

with the operation of the Statutory 

Where It Went 

Distribution Program, the Depository 

Library Program, the Cataloging and 

Indexing Program, and the international Exchange Program increased to 

$27.1 million in 1991, compared to 

$25.4 million in 1990. The increase 

was the result of increased personnel 

compensation and printing and binding expenses, combined with the 

increased distribution of microfiche 

resulting from efforts to eliminate the 

microfiche backlog in the Depository 

Library Program. 

GPO Capital Expenditures 

Capital expenditures for all GPO 

operations and programs in 1991 were 

$5.5 million, compared to $5.9 million in 1990. 

Major expenditures included elevator renovations, installation of new 

electrical substations, the purchase of 

an automatic counter/wrapping 

machine for postal cards, and the purchase of fork lift trucks and delivery 

vehicles. 

60.2¢/Procured Printing----

.6¢/Capital CX[Jt:llUllUlt:•S--./ 

1.8¢/0ther _____ __/ 
11111111" illllli"&ll-.11·-·111111 

roviding Congress with printing 

that is essential to conducting 

legislative business is GPO's primary 

mission. 

Congressional printing is performed at GPO's Central Office plant, 

located four blocks north of the U.S. 

Capitol in Washington, DC. The Central Office plant employs approximately l ,800 production personnel on 

three shifts, and is the largest industrial employer in the District of 

Columbia. Excluding Materials and 

Other Operations, the Central Office 

plant produced work valued at 

$156.1 million in 1991. 

Along with other legislative branch 

work (including work produced for the 

Supe1intendent of Documents), Congressional printing comprised approximately 42 percent of total Central 

Office billings in 1991. The balance 

Rl.'p. Charlie Rose, 

Chairman of the joint 

Committee on Printing, 

and Senator Wendell 

H. Vice-Chairman, conduct a hearing 

on GPO. Under Title 

44 of the US Code, 

the ]CP oversees all 

Federal printing and 

distribution activities, 

including GPO operations and the conduct of 

p1inting 

' .. 

. , ...... 1111111-

GPO's Central Office plant 

employs approximately 

1 ,800 production personnel 

on three shifts, and is the 

largest industrial employer in 

the District of Columbia 

was for the Federal Register and U.S. 

passports and postal cards, other executive branch work (primarily books, 

pamphlets, and forms), and sales of 

blank paper to Federal agencies. 

GPO's most important Congressional publication is the Congressional 

Record, which contains the daily proceedings of the Senate and House of 

Representatives. The Record is printed 

overnight at the Central Office plant 

every day that Congress is in session. 

Approximately 20,000 copies of 

the Congressional Record are p1inted 

each day, of which 13,700 copies are 

charged to GPO's annual Congressional 

Printing and Binding Appropriation for 

distribution to recipients designated by 

section 906 of Title 44. About 8,000 of 

these copies are distributed for Congressional use while the other 5,700 

copies are distributed without charge 

to correspondents, former Members of 
Congress, Federal agencies, Federal 

judges, State governors, public institutions designated by Members of 

Congress, and other recipients designated by law. The remaining 6,300 

copies are requisitioned by Federal 

agencies and by the Superintendent of 

Documents for GPO's Sales and Depository Library Programs. 

After the close of each session of 

Congress, the daily proceedings are 

consolidated, indexed, and printed as 

the permanent, or bound, edition of the 

Congressional Record. Of the 530 sets 

printed, 14 2 sets are for Congressional 

use while 135 sets are distributed to 

Federal agencies and other recipients 

designated by law. The remaining 253 

sets are requisitioned by the Superin-

:ndent of Documents for the Sales and 

Depository Library Programs. Along 

with printed sets of the bound Congressional Record, additional sets are produced in microfiche and CD-ROM formats for distribution through the Sales, 

Depository Library, and International 

Exchange Programs. 

The size of an average Congressional Record is approximately 200 

pages, and contains about the same 

amount of type as four to six typical 

metropolitan daily newspapers. In 

practice, however, actual size varies 

significantly from day to day, depending on the amount of business 

Congress transacts. 

In 1991, GPO printed 37,000 original pages of the daily Record, compared to 3 7,300 original pages in 

1990. Two issues of the Record contained more than 600 pages, 3 were 

over 500 pages, 9 were over 400 

pages, and l 7 were over 300 pages. 

The Congressional Record, 

which contains the daily 

proceedings of the Senate and 

the House of Representatives, 

is GPO's single most 

important Congressional 

publication. 

Congressional Record Delivery 

Solid progress \vas made in 

improving service to Congress for the 

delivery of the daily Congressional 

Record, following instances of late 

delivery of the Record that occurred 

during the closing weeks of the 10 1st 

Congress when the volume of Congressional printing rose to unusually 

high levels. 

In the period between the end 

of the Labor Day recess and 

adjournment on October 28, 1990, 

for example, legislative business 

generated a total of 181,1 00 original pages of work for processing 

through GPO's typesetting, printing, and binding operations. This 

work included 13,200 pages of the 

Record, 32,000 pages of bills, resolutions, and amendments, 91,500 

pages of hearings, 20,700 pages of 

committee reports, and 23,700 

pages of committee prints. 

Processing this work required an 

extraordinary increase in the weekly 

plant workload. For all of fiscal year 

1990, the average number of 

printed pages processed per week 

by GPO was approximately 12,600, 

including both Congressional and 

agency work. During the 4 weeks 

preceding the adjournment of the 

l01st Congress, however, the average was over 29,400 pages, an 

increase of 134 percent. 

The total number of Record pages 

printed in the final 2 weeks of the 

10 1st Congress-approximately 

8,000-exceeded the next greatest 

number of pages for any comparable 

end-of-session pe1iod in the past 5 

years by more than 60 percent. 

At the same time, the number of 

GPO personnel available to process 

this workload, particularly in the Electronic Photocomposition Division, was 

lower than at any time in recent history, creating an imbalance between 

workload and available workforce. As a 

result, the first issues of six Records, as 

well as the subsequent parts for tvvo 

other Records, were delivered later than 

scheduled during October 1990. 
To improve delivery performance, 

new guidelines for the production and 

delivery of the Congressional .Record 

were developed by GPO with input 

from the Office of the Secretary of the 

Senate and the Office of the Clerk of 

the House of Representatives. Staff of 

the JCP also participated in the discussions of these guidelines. Although 

never adopted as a formal document, 

the guidelines resulted in a number of 

understandings regarding expected 

performance by all parties involved in 

the production and delivery of the 

Record. The guidelines extend the 

manuscript delivery deadline to midnight of the evening before delivery. 

They also prescribe delivery times for 

Chamber copies, and for the first time 

establish requirements for weekend 

delivery. 

A monthly report of GPO performance on the Congressional Record, 

which provides full statistics on GPO's 

llllllllllli!UI I I !li!IB~I!I 1!1!1!1!1!111!!!1!1!!!1!!!! 

A contingency plan was 

developed in 1991 

to provide better service 

to Congress during periods 

of peak demand. 

production of each issue of the Record. 

and indicators of areas for improved 

performance, was initiated inJanuarys 

The report is sent to the StarT Director 

of the JCP, the Assistant Secretary 

the Senate, and the Assistant Clerk of 

the House. 

Other changes to improve delivery 

performance for the Congressional 

Record were made in 1991· 

Same-day Part lis of the Record 

were inaugurated when it becomes 

necessary to cut an issue, eliminating the need for Members to wait 

an extra day for the delivery of 

recent proceedings. 

Improvements were made in the 

pickup and receipt of manuscript 

from the Official Reporters' Offices, 

resulting in a better flow of incoming copy and ensuring the timely 

delivery of more complete Records. 

A contingency plan was developed 

to activate additional personnel to 

assist production areas and provide 

better service to Congress during 

periods of peak demand. 

Production of the Daily Digest 

portion of the Record migrated to 
MICROCOMP, GPOs PC-based 

typesetting software. An effort was 

also begun to convert the entire 

Record to MICROCOMP, which 

will greatly improve production 

capabilities. 

A spell checker program was 

developed for MICROCOMP to 

assist proofreading, improving 

GPO's proofreading accuracy in 

producing the Record. 

At yearend, GPO's delivery of the 

Congressional Record in 1991 was the 

subject of a followup review by GPO's 

Inspector General (TG), who compared 

performance during the end-of-session 

period in November 1991 with performance during the end-of-session period 

1 October 1990. For the November 

'i 991 period, the lG identified only one 

late delivery This issue was delivered 

late follmving discussions with the JCP 

and the Office of the Secretary of the 

... the system architecture 

for an on-line Record 

will lead to savings 

in the long run for 

both Congress and 

the taxpayer. .. 

Senate to avoid requiring GPO's 

employees to work on Thanksgiving 

Day. Thus, the IGs report provides 

clear evidence of improved performance during the year. 

On-line Congressional Record 

During 1991, GPO reviewed a 

Congressional proposal to implement 

an on-line information system for the 

daily Congressional Record, and prepared a detailed analysis that was 

reported back to the JCP The analysis 

concluded that there is a strong rationale for GPO to develop an on-line version of the Record based on the benefits that would accrue to Congress and 

other users. A major restructuring of 

the Congressional Record program is 

well within the realm of technological 

feasibility and efforts are now being 

undertaken to make an electronic 

Record a reality. Most importantly, the 

system architecture for an on-line 

Record will lead to savings in the long 

run for both Congress and the taxpayer since it will create opportunities 

for providing additional on-line information services to Congress. 

GPO:s automated typesetting program, 

which is used to compose the Congressional 

Record and other in-house work, is resident in 

the Electronic Photocomposition Division's 

Text Processing ComprLter Section 0). 

Approximately 2.8 million pages of worh are 

processed by this system each year Above, a 

printer-pmo[rcaclcr emurcs the accuracy of a 

Congressional job. 
This specific scenario is fundamental to the strategic vision included 

in GP0/200 1: Vision for a New 

Millennium. GP0/200 1 calls for the 

establishment of an on-line daily Congressional Record by the end of fiscal 

year 1993. It also calls for the remainder of time-sensitive and research-oriented Congressional products and 

services-such as bills, resolutions, 

and amendments, as well as hearings, 

committee reports, committee prints, 

business calendars, and documentsto be made available in electronic formats by the end of fiscal year 1996. As 

a result of the investment made in 

these systems today, GPOs funding 

requests for the Congressional Printing 

and Binding Appropriation will 

decline in the future due to the savings 

generated by the increased use of electronic formats. 

GPO:<> automated binding line gathers, adhetrims, and addresses over 200 ConRecords per minute. The system is 

used to bind the Federal RegisLa Above, a 

puts the finishing touches on 

edition of the J.J.S. Code. 

IIIIWL JJLW J 

Congressional Record Index 

The Congressional Record Index 

Office creates an index of the proceedings and debates published in the 

daily Congressional Record. The Office 

also indexes and prepares data for 

publication in the bound Record Index. 

During 1991 , the Office indexed 

approximately 30,400 pages of the 

Congressional Record, of which 25,500 

were for the first session of the l02d 

Congress. 

Also during 1991, both the 1982 

and 1986 annual Indexes were 

released for publication. Initial preparation was begun on the 1983, 1984, 

and 1987 Indexes, with the expected 

release date in 1992. 

Bound Congressional Record 

During the year, work continued 

on the production of the bound 

Congressional Record. By yearend, 

the status of the bound Record was 

as follows: 

g All editions through 1982, as well 

as paper copies of the 1985 and 

1986 editions, were completed and 

delivered to Congress. 

The 1983, 1984, 1987, and 1988 

editions were completed and delivered to Congress, except for their 

Indexes. 

g The different parts of the 1989 and 

l 990 editions are in various stages 

of production. 

GPO is utilizing commercial printing contracts to fulfill the plan 

approved by Congress to provide back 

issues of the bound Congressional 

Record to depository libraries. 
Bills, Resolutions, and 

Amendments 

GPO prints Congressional bills, 

resolutions, and amendments as they 

are introduced, referred, reported, 

and finally passed. In 1991, GPO 

printed 133,400 original pages of bills, 

resolutions, and amendments, compared to l 09,000 original pages in 

1990. Total billings for this work were 

$12.8 million. 

Hearings 

GPO prints hearings conducted 

before Congressional committees. In 

1991, GPO printed 561,900 original 

ages of hearings, compared to 

404,800 original pages in 1990. Total 

billings were $17.6 million. 

QF THE UNIT~D .!>TATES 

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVE$ 

HlS,TORY 'OF j'~"'"~-G-IS..:..L..:...A:_,.T:-.1-0-N 

FINAL EDITION 

Business and Committee 

Calendars 

This production category covers 

the printing of House and Senate business and committee calendars which 

list action on pending and completed 

legislation. In 1991, GPO printed 

21 ,800 original pages of business and 

committee calendars, compared to 

24,500 original pages in 1990. Total 

billings were $1.9 million. 

Committee Reports 

GPO prints reports of Congressional committees, including conference reports. In 1991, GPO printed 

55,600 original pages of committee 

reports, compared to 24,700 original 

pages in 1990. Total billings were 

$5 million. 

Committee Prints 

These include publications printed 

for the internal use of committees. In 

1991, GPO printed 73,200 original 

pages of committee prints, compared to 

25,600 original pages in 1990. Total 

billings were $3 million. 

ln l >vhen the curator of the U.S. 

Senate needed assistance in 

an intricate gold to the leather 

a 

in the President's Room 

he tl!rncd to GPO. 

gold stamping to a scauor>-car-ea 

leather shirt adorning a 

President's Room. 
--IIBII II 

Documents 

This includes all classes of House 

and Senate documents ordered printed 

by Congress which carry a Congressional number, such as annual reports, 

engineers' reports, special reports 

made by Federal agencies in response 

to Congressional resolutions, and supplemental and deficiency estimates of 

appropriations. In 1991, GPO printed 

25,400 original pages of documents, 

compared to 18,600 original pages in 

1990. Total billings were $1.9 million. 

Miscellaneous Publications 

These include the Congressional 

Directory, which is printed every 2 

years; the Senate and House journals; 

memorial addresses for Members; 

nominations; the United States Code, 

which is printed every 6 years, and 

annual Code supplements; serial sets of 

Congressional publications; and publications that do not carry a document 

or report number, such as laws and 

treaties. In 1991, GPO printed 86,600 

original pages of these publications, 

compared to 18,700 original pages in 

1990. Total billings were $6.7 million. 

Miscellaneous Printing and 

Binding 

This production category covers 

letterheads, envelopes, blank paper, 

wall calendars, miscellaneous services, 

blank forms, and binding for the 

House and Senate. In 1991, GPO produced 185.3 million units of this 

work, compared to 156.8 million units 

in 1990, generating total billings of 

$16 million. 

Document Envelopes and 

Document Franks 

GPO provides document envelopes 

to Senators and Representatives for the 

mailing of speeches and documents. 

IIIII 

Document franks are printed individually or in sheets with perforations and 

are furnished to Members of Congress 

for the mailing of documents. In 1991, 

GPO provided 28.6 million envelopes 

and 2.5 million franks, compared to 

31.6 million envelopes and 2.1 million 

franks in 1990, generating total 

billings of $1.1 million. 

Details to Congress 

GPO details experts in the printing 

crafts to Congressional committees and 

offices to assist in the preparation of 

Congressional printing needs. In 1991, 

approximately 80 GPO personnel were 

detailed to 46 Congressional sites, generating total billings of $5.7 million. 

This compared to the detail of approximately 86 GPO personnel to 60 Congressional sites the previous year. 

SJ.tN; un.,.irs'' 

-~ •• $l¥EINMENT .~·&mel 

, .. , 

111111111 I II IIIII 

Conversion from ATEX to 

VAX Network Continued 

II 

Modernization of the equipment 

supporting the production of Congressional work continued in 1991. In 

GPOs Electronic Photocomposition 

Division (EPD), significant progress 

was made toward the completion of 

the conversion to a VAX network environment. In EPD's Video Keyboard 

Section, the number of PC work stations grew to 40; 80 PCs will be the 

total complement when the final phase 

of the VAX network is complete, representing a major reduction from the 130 

ATEX terminals that supported the old 

system. The savings in floor space will 

further consolidate EPD as part of an 

overall effort to increase efficiency and 

communications between sections. 

In EPD's Text Processing Computer 

Section, construction of a new VAX 

computer room was completed. Completion of the new area coincided with 

delivery of a second VAX and 

improved physical computer security: 

Another ATEX minicomputer was 

removed from service as the result of 

the new VAX network, in keeping with 

the goal to eliminate all ATEX equipment from use in 2 years. 

To improve software and network 

management, two disk drives were 

added to EPD's VAX 6210 during 

1991. Each disk drive possesses 1.2 

gigabytes of memory: One of the drives 

is utilized to house Congressional Record 

Index files, enabling the Congressional 

Record Indexers to upgrade from the 

current ATEX-based system to the PCbased VAX file server system. The second disk drive is used to back up all 
in-progress working files for the Congressional Record, hearings, and other 

publications. It is also used for storing 

databases that are eventually sold as 

publications through the Superintendent of Documents Sales Program. The 

new disk drive capability offers 

improved safeguards, reduces the time 

required to fill Sales Program orders, 

and is a vast improvement over the previous storage methods that employed 

hundreds of floppy diskettes. 

Use of MICROCOMP and Dial-up 

Expanded 

The use of MICROCOMP and 

GPO's dial-up composition service by 

Congressional offices continued to 

~?;row in 1991. There are now 12 

:mse offices and 19 Senate offices 

ttsing MICROCOMP. Since MICROCOMP is not copyrighted, however, 

these numbers only reflect registered 

copies, not actual users. For example, 

there is one copy registered to the Senate Office of Legislative Counsel, but 

there are 40 users in that office. The 

number of Congressional offices using 

dial-up composition also continued to 

increase, from 44 to 49, with a total of 

111 offices throughout the Government now using dial-up composition. 

The increased use of MICROCOMP 

is yielding significant benefits. After a 

full year of producing the Daily Digest 

portion of the Congressional Record on 

laser printers, GPO began testing the 

next generation of laser imaging systems. These systems consist of PCs 

equipped with 486 processors and 600 

x 600 dpi laser printers, utilizing 

MICROCOMP. The experience gained 

~date, along with planned system 

jtprovements, will allow GPO to fully 

compose and output the Record in the 

proofroom. The savings from this 

306-236 0 - 92 - 2 

The increased use of 

MICROCOMP is yielding 

significant benefits. 

development will be significant. In 

addition, all Congressional bills processed during the first session of the 

102d Congress were produced on 

high-resolution laser printers, utilizing 

MICROCOMP. The delivery of bills 

improved markedly. The quality of resolution was also upgraded from 300 to 

1,000 dpi. 

Several Congressional product 

improvements were made in 1991. 

GPO cooperated with the Senate 

Enrolling Clerk's Office in a project to 

allow the Clerk to update GPO files at 

the Senate site, in order to produce a 

finished paper camera copy product to 

be sent to GPO for printing and distribution. The project was successful in 

reducing turnaround time and expediting floor action in the Senate. 

Overall, 1991 was a recordbreaking 

year in the number of volumes of 

Statutes at Large that were printed and 

distributed. Changes suggested by GPO 

relating to paper and press production 

allowed 3 volumes (comprising a total 

of 14 books of Statutes at Large) to be 

sent to press during the year. 

GPO's expertise in typography and 

design contributed in 1991 to the successful production of several Congressional products. Volume II of the 

Bicentennial Edition of The Senate 

1789-1989: Addresses on the History of 

the United States Senate was completed. 

Using automated design systems, GPO 

designed and generated the Interparliamentary Conference on Global Environment, Final Proceedings-US Senate. 

Original artwork and a unique airbrush 

technique were executed for the covers 

and spine for the Senate High School 

Debates-U.S. Congress. GPO also performed design work for Women in 

Congress, 1917-1990, a biographical 

anthology in both hard and soft covers, 

each with two-color foil stamping. 
ulfilling the printing needs of all 

branches of the Federal Government has been GPO's mission since it 

was established in 1861. At that time, 

Government printing was dominated 

by Congressional printing. Today, the 

vast majority of the work performed 

by GPO is on behalf of approximately 

130 Federal agencies in the executive 

and judicial branches. In 1991, this 

work represented 87 percent of GPO's 

total billings. 

GPO contracts out most of the 

Government's printing to commercial 

firms, retaining for in-plant production only certain work that cannot be 

procured from the private sector on a 

timely, cost -effective basis. In 1991, 

2 7 percent of all GPO printing and 

binding revenue was generated by 

Government printing produced inplant. By comparison, 73 percent was 

generated by work performed by private sector printers. 

GPO's Printing Procurement Program generated revenues of $623 million in 1991, a decline of approximately 2 percent from 1990, due 

Procured Printing vs. 

In-House Work 

Fiscal Year 1991 

(In Millions of Dollars) 

$623.0/Procured Printing 

$11.8/Regional Printing __ .....-

$156.1/Plant Printing*-----

*Excludes Materials and Other Operations 

lal I Iii 

-

WI? Tl I IIIUii I I IIIIi 

Today, the vast majority 

of the work performed by 

GPO is on behalf 

of approximately 

130 Federal agencies 

in the executive 

and judicial branches. 

primarily to declining Federal budgets 

for printing. The Program experienced 

a net loss of $57,000 for the year. 

During the year, GPO's 457 Central 

Office and Regional Printing Procurement personnel processed 269,600 

procured printing orders, compared to 

275,500 orders the previous year, utilizing a Master Bid List containing 

information on production capabilities 

and other data for approximately 

10,000 private sector printers. Central 

Office order activity decreased compared to 1990, from 87,200 to 81,100, 

while regional procurement office 

order activity increased slightly, to 

188,500 from 188,300 in 1990. The 

total dollar value of the regional orders 

decreased, however, to $235.1 million 

from $243.7 million the previous year. 

Approximately $102 million worth 

of Federal agency printing work was 

produced in-plant by GPO's Central 

Office plant and the 218 personnel in 

GPO's regional plants during 1991, 

including 2.9 million passports and 

497.1 million postal cards. In addition, 

60,800 original pages of the Federal Register were printed by GPO's Central 

Office plant, compared to 54,700 pages 

in 1990. The Federal Register was produced in 251 issues and averaged 242 

pages per issue. It generated billings of 

$25.7 million in 1991. 

GPO's regional printing plant workload decreased from 852 million equivalent units in 1990 to 7 61 million in 

1991. Approximately 81 percent of the 

decrease was attributable to continuing 

workload reductions at GPO's Rapid 

Response Center, located at the Washington, DC, Navy Yard, and to continued reductions in the number of subscriptions for the Commerce Business 

Daily, which is printed at the Chicago 

Regional Printing Office. 

Procured Printing vs. 

In-House Work 

Fiscal Year 1990 

(In Millions of Dollars) 

$634 .6/Procured Printing 

$13.7/Regional Printing---

$154.8/Plant 
I -~~ !U!ila I Ill II IIIII 

Cost Savings Achieved for 

Customer Agencies 

GPO continued to achieve substantial savings for Federal agencies in 

1991 while improving the utilization 

of Central Office plant resources. 

Under GPO$ commercial binding contract, which allows fuller utilization of 

GPO's press capacity, 138 jobs were 

printed in-plant and then bound commercially. GPO's negotiated price policy for printing agency jobs continued 

during 1991. Under this policy, an 

additional 56 jobs were produced in-

~lant, at a savings of over $1.7 million 

tor customer agencies. These jobs generated an additional4,000 hours of 

, !talc 

7-'*- t;.Pt'kl,ir,,t. tl',.....,/f 

~ -;~ ~W'II"" 

press time and an additional6,900 

hours of work in the bindery. Under 

GPO's negotiated price policy for 

negatives, which boosts work hours 

in-plant while providing customer 

agencies with competitive prices, 

approximately 87,800 negatives were 

produced in GPO for commerciallyprocured printing. 

In addition to these savings, recommendations by GPO$ printing specialists resulted in cost savings for customer agencies. The implementation of 

a GPO suggestion to fold rather than 

saddle-stitch a Treasury Department 

job resulted in a savings of $18,500. 

Suggestions relating to an Interior 

Department requisition resulted in a 

savings of over $76,800. Recommended changes to specifications for 

paper and trim sizes and corrections to 

errors on departmental requisitions 

resulted in an additional $56,000 in 

savings on various other agency jobs. 

GPO's production eJiorts won a personal tribute from President Bush last year, when the 

1991 State of the Union Address was printed and delivered in an exceptionally short 

Limeframe. 

At 5:20p.m. on January 29, the evening of the Address, manuscript copy and a computer disk were delivered to GPO by the White House. The requirements were for 2,500 

copies of an eight-page pamphlet with a gold-embossed cover, to be typeset, printed, 

bound, and delivered in 3 hours. 

In GPO's Electronic Photocomposition Division, the computer disk was first converted 

from one computer language to another: Typing conventions were also converted to 

keystroke values that were acceptable to GPO's automated composition system. Composition 

was completed utilizing GPO's MICROCOMP software, with output to a laser imagesctter. 

The imagesetter output was used for pro<~:reading, correcting, and final page makeup. 

The Press Division photographed the camera-ready and produced and imposed 

the negatives. Offset plates were produced and the was then printed on one of 

GPO's Group 85 sheet Jed presses. 

Thejob then moved to the Binding Division where cutting, folding, inserting, stitching, 

trimming, and padwging were performed. The initiall,200 copies left GPOfor the US 

Capitol with a Metropolitan Police Department escort at 7:50p.m. The remaining 

were delivered at 8:20 p.m. 

That evening, Americans who watched the President deliver his State of the Union 

Address on television at 9 p.m. saw of the Address in the hands of those seated in 

the audience the House Chamber; a testimony to the and dedication of GPO's 

skilled workforce. 
Liaison with Customer Agencies 

GPO's customer service representatives participated in more than 380 

meetings involving GPO services, customer agencies, and commercial contractors in 1991. These meetings 

included more than 100 agency visits 

in an effort to offer more personalized 

service. A number of significant projects were discussed in these meetings, 

including in-plant production and 

quality control of the I992 Zip+ 4 

directories; procurement of the Navy 

Department's high-quality Futures Magazine, valued at approximately $1 million; production and quality control for 

the Commerce Department's Flight 

Information Terminal Procedures, which 

included GPO's recommendation to 

print bleed edge marks on each signature in a step-down pattern to enable 

the recipient to readily identify a defective book; and possible conversion of 

the U.S. Postal Service's (USPS) Domestic Mail Manual and lnternational Mail 

Manual to CD-ROM format. 

0 GPO Regional Printing 

and Procurement Offices 

* Regional Procurementj Offices 

I * Satellite Procurement 

I Offices ~ ~-------

The Chairman of the 

Interagency Council on 

Printing and Publications 

Services recently informed 

GAO that "GPO has become 

more customer-oriented." 

Customer Orientation Improved 

The 1990 GAO general management review of GPO's printing and 

procurement operations contained a 

number of recommendations for 

improving services to customer agencies. These recommendations were 

·-·~;! 

incorporated into an action plan that 

was implemented in january 1991. ln a 

recent followup review, GAO found 

that significant progress was made in 

addressing these recommendations. 

Where monitoring contractor compliance is concerned, new procedures 

were established to collect, validate, 

and maintain data on delivery performance. Contractor quality and timeliness 

data were automated and made more 

accessible, and random exams were 

used to validate contractor delivery 

performance. The collection of customer feedback was improved with the 

implementation of the Electronic 907 

Noncompliance/Change Report form 

in March 1991. This new form allows 

agencies to report noncompliance by 

contractors electronically. In addition, 

routine contact with members of the 

Interagency Council on Printing and 

Publications Services (ICPPS) was 

undertaken to communicate the need 

for customer agency input on contractor noncompliance. This measure was 
especially positive. The TCPPS Chairman recently informed GAO that "GPO 

has become more customer-oriented." 

To improve the billing process, 

steps were taken to provide all customer agencies with more detailed 

information on their bills, including a 

brief explanation when actual costs 

exceed estimates. Customer agencies 

were surveyed to identify their billing 

concerns. From this, GPO learned that 

detailed information on freight charges 

and surcharges was especially desired, 

but that detailed information on all 

charges was not a major concern. 

Work also progressed in 1991 to 

develop procedures for providing customers with firm estimates. 

To improve information on produc-

~on processes and scheduling, agencies 

'·are now provided with advance notice 

when jobs will be produced in-house 

or delivered late. GPO's account representatives use a proactive approach in 

keeping customer agencies informed of 

their job status. GAO found that GPO 

now provides better notification to customers on in-house work, discounts 

are usually offered to customers for inhouse work, and tracking of deliveries 

has been improved. 

A system has also been developed to 

regularly solicit and analyze customer 

agency feedback to identify trends warranting corrective actions. GPO's 

account representatives are now 

required to visit regularly the agencies 

they work with; more than 70 such 

visits were conducted since January 

1991. Customer agencies are given 

feedback information on printing 

requirements via a number of new 

publications, including a Guide to Federal Publishing, an informative new 

publication published jointly by the 

ICPPS and the Federal Publishers 

Committee, with collaboration from 

GPO and the JCP GPO is also conducting pilot tests for electronic billing 

of selected agencies. 

Progress is continuing on four 

remaining issues of interest to customer 

agencies: the reduction of paper waste 

and spoilage rates in the Central Office 

plant, the implementation of a Total 

Quality Management program, the 

issuance of guidance on the use of quality and timeliness data in awarding contracts, and the development of systems 

to monitor customer complaint data. 

Office of Management and (OMB) 

Director Richard G. Darman visits GPO 

to inspect the p1inting of the 1992 

Budget. Approximately 25,300 copies of 

the Budget were plintedfor OMB, other 

Federal agencies, and the 

of Documents' Sales and Depository 

Library Programs. 
II IIIII .1111 1111 &IIIU&JI ll lldll(;po 

-

Procurement Systems Automation 

GPO continued to automate its 

procurement information systems in 

1991 to reduce program costs and 

improve access by customer agencies 

to job status information. By yearend, 

there were a total of 215 agency sites 

using GPO's Procurement Information 

Control System (PICS), an increase of 

35 over the previous year. 

A program was also developed to 

allow customer agencies with directdeal term contracts to generate print 

orders from PICS. This capability will 

assure the accuracy of the information 

being entered and reduce GPO's data 

entry requirements significantly. Currently, it is being implemented in two 

Washington, DC, area offices and 

through the Columbus Regional Printing Procurement Office. 

CD-ROM Services 

Requests for CD-ROM services 

continued to grow throughout 1991. 

GPO produced the Defense Logistics 

Agency's (DLA) medical catalog prototype CD-ROM, called Med Cat. This 

COMMERCE 

In an effort to reduce printing, 

warehousing, and distribution costs, 

the Navy Department requisitioned 

a prototype CD-ROM called Ready 

Resource Material. Currently, this 

quarterly publication is in paper format and consists of over 1,400 pages. 

The CD-ROM project combines inplant production and commercial 

procurement. 

I 2ll rz I Ill • 

GPO Metric Program 

The Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988 (PL. 100-418) 

requires Federal agencies to convert 

procurement, grants, and other business-related activities to the metric 

system of measurement, to the extent 

economically feasible, by the end of 

fiscal year 1992. 

GPO's Metric Transition Plan was 

completed, approved, and distributed 

in 1991. Detailed implementation 

plans were subsequently developed by 

GPO organizations having a key role 

in the transition process. In addition, 

discussions concerning conversion 

were commenced with customer agencies and private sector interests. 

Technical Support for Customer 

Agencies 

GPO continued to provide technical 

support to customer agencies dming 

1991. For example, technical assistance 

was provided to the State Department 

in the development of inks, paper, and 

binding specifications for a new passport. Tests were also performed on difcatalog was originally 

published in paper 

format and is currently produced on 

microfiche. In-house 

work consisted of 

design and development of the database 

and the user interface 

using one of four 

retrieval software 

packages GPO has 

available for 

CD-ROM projects. 

After evaluation by 

DLA, Med Cat may be 

distributed on a 

monthly basis. With the growing use of electronic formats by Federal agencies, GPO:s production systems 

are evolving to accommodate the latest in information technology, such as these CD-ROM's. 

ferent passport 

designs and materials. In cooperation 

with the JCP, GPO 

provided assistance 

in the development 

of specifications for 

more permanent 

papers and paper 

specifications that 

would facilitate and 

encourage recycling. 

GPO's mathematical 

software and image 

analyzing system 

supported the production of an important rush job for the 
II i Ui .I I II IIIIIIUU 81111 1•11 

Navy Department, satisfying a requirement that Navy had been unsuccessfully trying to meet through other 

sources for 2 years. 

Small Disadvantaged Business 

Program 

In 1989, GPO established a 2-year 

test program to assist small disadvantaged businesses (SDBs) in winning 

printing and binding contracts for 

Department of Defense printing, in 

compliance with the 1989 National 

Defense Authorization Act (PL. 100-

456). Since then, GPO has worked with 

the Small Business Administration and 

several State minority development 

agencies to publicize this program. 

GPO processed only $2.5 million 

in contract awards through this program during 1991, compared to $9.6 

million in contracts in 1990. The 1991 

amount represents 574 awards out of a 

potential 1,119 set-asides. Excessive 

bids were received from SDB contractors on approximately 59 percent of 

the total number of procurements. 

Subsequently, these procurements were 

removed from the program. 

Institute for Federal 

Printing and Publishing 

During 1991, GPO's Instil ute for 

Federal Printing and Publishing (IFPP) 

was attended by 432 individuals representing over 50 Federal departments 

and agencies. The most popular 

course was Proofs and Press Sheet 

Inspections, conducted in four 

sessions attended by 168 individuals. 

Training on GPO$ Procurement 

Information Control System was also 

scheduled in conjunction with IFPP 

::minars. Total revenue from fees for 

IFPP seminars was $93,500 

: .. 

I& I 111• IIIRII'IIIUIII l n 

During 1991, GPO's Institute 

for Federal Printing and 

Publishing was attended by 

432 individuals representing 

over 50 Federal departments 

and agencies. 

DOD Consolidation and 

Centralized Printing 

In November 1990, the Department of Defense (DOD) issued a plan 

to consolidate all DOD printing under 

the management of the Navy Publishing and Printing Service, including 

in-house production and services procured from GPO. However, full details 

of the plan, including expected cost 

savings, were not made available 

to thejCP, GAO, or GPO. As the result 

of a September 1991 JCP hearing, the 

consolidation was delayed by 

Congress until such time as the JCP 

had the opportunity to review and 

approve the consolidation plan. GPO 

is fully supportive of the ]CPs position 

on the DOD consolidation. 

GPO is also fully supportive of all 

JCP efforts to reinforce GPO$ role as the 

single source for Government printing 

to save taxpayer dollars. We have consistently supported the language that 

was made permanent by Congress in 

PL. 101-520, requiring virtually all 

printing procurement to be conducted 

through GPO. In 1991, GPOs printing 

and procurement managers-particularly field office managers-were 

instructed to monitor the workloads 

under their jurisdiction and to report 

anyviolationsofTitle44orPL 101-

520 immediately 

Finally, GPO supports the JCP's 

oversight of agency printing programs, 

working through agency inspectors 

general, as well as the ]CPs planned 

efforts to review the charters of agency 

printing plants and establish oversight activities of Federal agency 

duplicating centers. 
PO is the largest single consumer 

in the Federal Government of 

printing and writing papers, purchasing or contracting for the purchase of 

approximately 43,700 tons of paper 

for in-plant production and sales to 

Federal agencies in 1991. Private sector printers used an estimated 276,700 

tons of paper in work procured by 

GPO in 1991. 

For 1991, the total value of GPO's 

procurement activities for paper and 

paper products was $42.3 million. 

GPOs Materials Management Service 

(MMS) buys paper by the pound and 

by the sheet. Paper purchased by the 

pound totaled 43.8 million pounds, 

while paper purchased by the sheetprimarily copier paper-totaled 

1.8 billion sheets. MMS also purchased 

102.2 million envelopes and 1.2 million cartons and other containers. 

GPOs monthly average inventory 

of paper was 29.2 million pounds in 

1991, with a high of 32.5 million 

pounds in March and a low of 

Virtually all Congressional 

and agency printing 

performed in-plant 

by GPO in 1991 was 

produced on recycled paper. 

25.1 million pounds in September. 

Under the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Guidelines for the 

Federal Procurement of Paper and Paper 

Products Containing Recovered Materials, 

MMS conducted nine mill inspections 

of paper suppliers during the year to 

ascertain that the mills were in compliance with the EPA guidelines, since 

there are no laboratory tests to verify 

recycled content. 

GPO disposes of paper waste and 

spoilage by selling it to contractors for 

recycling. During 1991, income to 

GPO from surplus sales conducted by 

MMS included $233,100 for 18.3 million pounds of wastepaper. 

Recycled Paper 

GPO continued to operate under 

the recycled paper guidelines issued by 

pursuant to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, as 

amended. The guidelines establish 

minimum content standards for recovered materials in most grades of paper 

used in Government printing. These 

guidelines were implemented at GPO 

in 1 989, pursuant to the direction of 

thejCP In 1990, thejCP expanded 

GPOs recycled paper program to 

include certain categories of paper that 

were excluded from EPA's guidelines, 

as the result of GPOs proven success in 

finding adequate quantities of recycled 

papers on the paper market. 

Rolls 1lj. newsprint, 

which are used to produce the Congressional 

Record, the Federal 

Registo; internal Revenue Service worh, ana 

other products, are 

stored in GPO's Building 4 paper warehoHse 

in Washington, DC 

During 1991, GPO 

pHrchased J 1.1 million 

pounds of newsprint. 
Virtually all Congressional and 

agency printing performed in-plant by 

GPO in 1991 was produced on recycled paper, except for the Congressional 

Record and the Federal Register: Recycled paper was also widely required in 

printing procured from private sector 

printers, and represented the majority 

of the blank paper sold to Federal 

agencies by GPO. 

Recycled Newsprint 

Late in the year, with the approval 

of the Chairman of the JCP, GPO 

awarded a contract for $2.6 million for 

the purchase of 9.4 million pounds of 

28-pound recycled newsprint to be 

used for the printing of the Congressional Record and the Federal Register: 

In an assessment of the physical qualtty and technical performance of the 

paper provided through the contract, 

it was shown to be fully equivalent to 

virgin fiber newsprint. In addition, 

this paper has a 100 percent post-consumer waste content. 

302-236 0 - 92 - 3 

Post-Consumer Waste Content 

In 1991, the House and Senate 

Committees on Appropriations 

directed GPO to investigate and adopt 

measures to increase the availability 

and use of recycled paper with postconsumer waste content in Government printing. Specifically, GPO was 

directed to: 

II review technical printing requirements for individual Congressional 

printing jobs to study the feasibility of using paper with a l 0 percent post-consumer waste content; 

II work with the ]CP and the Internal 

Revenue Service (IRS) to establish 

a post-consumer waste content 

standard for paper used to p1int 

IRS documents and, where costeffective as defined by EPA 

lines, purchase such paper; and 

in consultation with the JCP and 

Federal agencies, review all Federal 

printing contracts in order to maximize the use of post-consumer 

waste paper where cost-effective. 

In response, GPO concluded that 

all categories of Congressional and IRS 

documents identified in House Report 

102-82 can be printed on paper containing at least 10 percent post-consumer waste, provided that permanence and cleanliness are not critical 

requirements of the product. 

To implement a program promoting the increased utilization of recycled paper containing 10 percent postconsumer waste, GPO began taking 

the following steps: 

A test program will be instituted in 

which Congressional and IRS documents that are suitable for production on a 40-pound offset book 

paper will be printed on a stock 

that contains 10 percent post-consumer waste. This program will 

require GPO to develop a standard 

for the test stock in consultation 

with JCP Actions will then be 
taken to purchase and inventory 

the test stock For products that 

can be printed on newsprint, the 

expected minimum post -consumer 

waste content is 40 percent. 

II In concert with the JCP, GPO will 

develop additional paper specifications for the Printing Procurement 

Program for such papers as letterhead paper, text and cover stocks, 

and No. 10 envelopes. These are 

papers that more easily allow for 

the inclusion of at least IO percent 

post -consumer waste. 

II In january 1992, GPO issued a circular letter to all Federal agencies 

advising them of four paper standards QCP A-70, G-15, G-45, and 

0-65) already developed by the 

]CP and GPO that allow post-consumer waste content. The circular 

letter furnished copies of these four 

paper standards and provided additional information on the development of proposed companion 

standards. The letter urged all 

agencies to review their printing 

and binding orders for opportunities to maximize the utilization of 

IIIIIIBU I Jl[ 

GPO continued to 

emphasize the use of 

alkaline paper in 1991 

to ensure the longevity of 

Government publications 

with enduring research 

and educational value. 

I I 

recycled paper containing at least 10 

percent post-consumer waste. 

Alkaline Paper 

GPO continued to emphasize the 

use of alkaline paper in 1991 to ensure 

the longevity of Government publications with enduring research and educational value. 

In 1990, in response to the direction of the Committees on Appropriations, and in consultation with the] CP, 

GPO prepared a plan to expand the 

Government's use of alkaline paper in 

publications deemed to have enduring 

value. The plan subsequently was 

incorporated into a Report to Congress 

prepared pursuant to the provisions of 

P.L. 101-423, a joint Resolution to 

Establish a National Policy on Permanent Papers, by the Librarian of 

Congress, the Archivist of the United 

States, and the Public Printer. The 

report was transmitted to the Secretary 

of the Senate and the Clerk of the 

House of Representatives by December 

31, 1991, as required by law. 

For the four quarterly contract 

periods between November 1, 1990, 

and October 31, 1991, 68 percent of 

the paper purchased by GPO on quarterly term contracts was alkaline, 

while 45 percent of the paper purchased by the sheet on quarterly term 

contracts was alkaline. This utilization 

rate is comparable with the rates experienced in recent years. 
II 

s the Government's largest single 

information distributor, GPO$ 

Superintendent of Documents provides 

for public access to Government publications through sales of publications, 

the compilation of catalogs and 

indexes, the distribution of publications 

to depository and international 

exchange libraries, the distribution of 

publications as required by law, and the 

performance of distribution services for 

agencies on a reimbursable basis. 

Funding for Superintendent of Documents programs in 1991 included 

$81.5 million in revenue from sales of 

publications, $27.1 million made available by the Salaries and Expenses 

Appropriation of the Superintendent of 

Documents, and $4.7 million in reim-

~ursements from Federal agencies for 

distribution services. Employing 

approximately 900 personnel by 

yearend, Superintendent of Documents 

operations distributed a total of 

I! 

Superintendent of Documents 

operations distributed a total 

of 110.7 million copies of 

Government publications 

in 1991, compared to 

108.3 million copies in 1990. 

110.7 million copies of Government 

publications in 1991, including 

6.1 million paid Federal Register copies, 

compared to a total of 108.3 million 

publications copies in 1990. 

- Dill 1111 

As the largest of the Superintendent of Documents programs, the 

Sales Program operates primarily by 

telephone, facsimile, and mail order, 

but publications are also sold by a 

warehouse sales outlet in Laurel, MD, 

a Congressional Sales Office in 

Washington, DC, a Public Documents 

Distribution Center in Pueblo, CO, 

through a network of 23 GPO bookstores nationwide, and by 3 7 consigned agents in other Federal agencies. Publications sales are both 

national and internationaL 

Bestselling Publications 

In 1991, GPO's sales inventory 

comprised more than 12,000 titles. In 

terms of revenue, the bestselling titles 

for the year included the Dictionary of 

Occupational Titles, the 1990-1991 

Occupational Outlook Handbook, the 

GPO's boohstore at the 

Bannister Mall in 

Kansas Approximately 1. 4 million 

copies of Government 

publications were sold 

by GPO's 23 boohstores in 199 .L 
1990 Statistical Abstract, the 1989/90 

U.S. Government Manual, and the 1992 

Budget of the U.S. Government, which 

together generated sales of more than 

$3 million. Other popular titles 

included Federal Benefits for Veterans 

and Dependents, General Information 

Concerning Patents, and Eating to Lower 

Your Blood Cholesterol. These three publications alone sold more than 144,500 

copies in 1991. The prices at which 

publications are sold are established by 

law at cost as detennined by the Public 

Printer plus 50 percent. 

Financial Performance 

Despite decreases in the number of 

both publication and subscription 

orders, the Sales Program generated 

revenues of $81.5 million at a cost of 

$80.6 million in 1991, yielding a net 

income of $903,000. Bookstore revenue increased to $13.2 million. Fifteen 

of the bookstores outside of the Washington, DC, area experienced increased 

sales in 1991. Fiscal year 1991 was the 

GPO Bookstores 

::-

tenth consecutive year that the Sales 

Program generated net income. 

Order Activity 

In 1991, the Sales Program 

processed nearly 1.6 million orders. 

Approximately 60 percent of the 

orders were from the business 

community. The remainder were from 

private individuals (24 percent) and 

various government and academic 

institutions (16 percent). Of the orders 

processed in 1991, 75 percent were 

for single-copy publications; 25 percent were for subscription services. 

Mail, fax, and telephone orders made 

up approximately 85 percent of all 

orders. The remaining 15 percent were 

walk-in purchases at the bookstores, 

the Congressional Sales Office, and the 

Laurel Warehouse Sales Outlet. 

Total sales order activity in 1991 

decreased significantly Single-copy 

publication orders fell 16 percent 

while subscription orders decreased 

24 percent, compared to 1990. The 

total number of copies sold by the 

Sales Program declined from 34.4 million in 1990 to 32.5 million in 1991. 

There was a 4 percent decline in the 

number of copies of the Commerce 

Business Daily sold in 1991, compared 

with the previous year. 
New Electronic Products 

Introduced 

The Sales Program continued to 

expand its inventory of publications 

offered in electronic format in 1991. 

Two subscriptions, Federal Acquisition 

Regulations and Federal Information 

Resources Management Regulations and 

DOD Hazardous Materiallnfonnation 

System, were made available on 

CD-ROM, while a third subscription, 

Licensed Operating Reactors, was offered 

on diskette. In addition, 13 publications were offered on magnetic 

for the first time, bringing the total 

number of publication products available from the Sales Program on tape to 

35, a 62 percent increase over 1990. 

The increased number of publications 

offered in electronic format prompted 

the production of two new subject 

bibliographies devoted exclusively to 

the electronic products available 

through the Sales Program. 

Iii lii:Sd.IUIZU i& illll!il!iiiUil:ill 

New Program for Quantity 

Purchasers 

To encourage wholesale purchases 

of Government publications by book 

dealers and other quantity purchasers, 

warehouse pricing was introduced in 

july 1991. A 24-month pilot project 

arising from the 1990 recommendations of GPOs Panel on the Pricing of 

Sales Publications, warehouse pricing 

offers significant discounts on 32 popular titles when customers purchase the 

designated titles in quantities of 50 or 

more and pick up their orders at the 

Laurel Warehouse. Discounted warehouse prices are offered because this 

method of bulk distribution requires 

less handling and no postage. Warehouse prices average 3 7 percent less 

than the regular sales prices for the designated titles. In its first 3 months of 

operation, over l ,200 copies of publications were sold through warehouse 

pricing, generating approximately 

$16,800 in revenue. 

Expansion of Lockbox Operations 

The Sales Program expanded its 

use of lockbox operations in 1991 by 

opening a lockbox for 

new orders on order 

forms. Sponsored by 

the Department of the 

Treasury, lockboxes 

expedite the depositing 

of remittances and save 

store. First -day sales totaled 

100. For the year, the 

1992 Budget earned 

$357,000 in sales revenue. 
llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllmmmmmmmmllmmml•m••••<·PO &iii 

manpower that otherwise would be 

required to open mail and enter data 

into an order processing system. 

Approximately 35,600 orders were 

captured through the new lockbox. A 

29.3 percent decrease in the amount 

of mail received and processed by the 

Superintendent of Documents was 

experienced due primarily to total 

lockbox operations. 

Implementation of ISBN and ISSN 

In an effort to conform to industry 

practice, GPO began assigning International Standard Book Numbers (ISBN) 

to publications in the Sales Program. 

Since August 1991, all publications 

printed in the Central Office for inclusion in the Sales Program have been 

assigned an ISBN. The ISBN is printed 

on the publication with a correlating 

bar code. Work was also done to prepare for the assignment of International Standard Serial Numbers (ISSN) 

to the approximately 400 individual 

serials sold by GPO. 

Marketing 

Increased competition and reduced 

spending by the public made effective 

marketing of Government information 

products more important than ever in 

1991. To increase awareness of publications available through the Sales 

Program, GPO's Office of Marketing 

produced more than 3 million copies 

of promotional pieces, ranging from 

multi-page catalogs to radio Public 

Service Announcements. 

To increase the visibility of many 

titles in the Sales Program, Marketing 

redesigned its popular U.S. Government 

Books catalog. Decreased in frequency 

and size, the redesigned catalog costs 

less to produce and contains fewer 

items. Initial sales results indicate a 

I PI a llillllllllla II IIlii 

Increased competition and 

reduced spending by the 

public made effective 

marketing of Government 

information products more 

important than ever in 1991. 

lllllllilliiii?IIIROO 15111 II 

substantial increase in the average dollar value per order from the new catalog. In 1991, 340,000 US Government 

Books catalogs were produced. 

Marketing also produced a new catalog targeted at Government publications consumers in the business community. Listing the most popular 

business-oriented titles sold by the 

Superintendent of Documents, the 24-

page U.S. Government Books for Business 

== IIlii PI II ll IIU lllillllll? m1 

Professionals catalog generated more 

than 20,000 requests. An additional 

70,000 copies of the new catalog were 

produced and distributed to previous 

buyers of GPO's business titles. 

To promote new publications in the 

Sales Program, distribution of the 

bimonthly New Books list to librarians 

and Government publications consumers continued, with 264,800 copies 

produced in 1991. In addition, 99 

Product Publicity Release notices were 

produced and distributed to subjectfield journals, and 28 major direct mail 

promotions were produced, with a total 

mailing to over 1.5 million targeted 

prospects. Approximately 4 7,000 customers were also informed by 95 Priority Announcements of new publications 

in the their fields of expressed interest. 

There was a 20 percent increase in 

rentals of GPO subscriber lists. 

Distributing Government publications to Federal depositories in approximately 1,400 public, academic, law, 

and Federal agency libraries nationwide, the Superintendent of Documents' Depository Library Program 

ensures that all members of the public 

have free access to information produced by the Government each year. 

Libraries are designated as depositories for Government publications by 

Senators and Representatives, and by 

law. GPO sends these libraries copies 

of any Government publication not of 

purely administrative or "cooperative" 

nature, or classified for reasons of 

national security. Eight libraries were 

added to the program in 1991 and six 

were dropped. 
I II 

The publications printed for depository libraries are funded by the Superintendent of Documents' Salaries and 

Expenses Appropriation and are distributed without charge to the libraries. 

In return, the libraries are required to 

make these publications available for 

the free use of the public. Fifty-three 

regional depository libraries receive 

every publication distributed and 

provide inter-library loan and other 

services to other depositories in their 

regions. The remaining selective depositories tailor their Government publications acquisitions to local needs, choosing from over 7,000 organization and 

series categories. Over I67,000 persons 

utilize Federal depository library collections nationwide each week 

Distribution to Depository 

Libraries Increased 

In I991, GPO distributed more 

than 27.2 million copies of 57,700 

titles to depository libraries, increases 

Federal Depository Libraries, 

by State and Territory, as of 

September 30, 1991 

(total=l, 400) 

Alaska/9 

Hawaii/11 

American Samoa/1 

Panama Canal Zone/1 

Guam/2 

Micronesia/1 

Puerto Rico/4 

Virgin Islands/2 

Northern Mariana Island/1 

• -

of 11 and 7 percent, respectively, over 

the distribution performed in 1990. In 

addition, approximately 549,000 maps 

and 1.8 million Department of Energy 

(DOE) microfiche publications were 

distributed to depository libraries 

under interagency agreements established with the U.S. Geological Survey 

and the DOE, bringing the total distlibution to depositories in 1991 to 

approximately 29.6 million copies. 

Despite this increased workload, 

claims for items distributed in paper 

decreased by 6.5 percent, while claims 

for items distributed in microfiche 

decreased significantly, by 18.3 percent. As a percentage of the overall 

copies distributed, the number of 

claims indicates a 99.7 percent accuracy rate for depository distribution. 

Microfiche distribution increased 

in 1991, with more than 18.9 million 

copies of 4 7,900 titles distributed, 

compared to approximately 16 million 

copies of 43,500 titles distributed in 

IBIIUiall Billlllillillill 

1990. This increase is attributable primarily to increased efforts to reduce 

the backlog of publications awaiting 

conversion to microfiche. The backlog 

resulted from the default of a 

microfiche contractor in 1987. 

There was a dramatic increase in 

the number of titles distributed in electronic format in 1991. The number of 

titles on CD-ROM increased from 5 to 

116. The number of titles on floppy 

diskette rose from less than a dozen in 

1990 to 53 by yearend. 

Electronic Pilot Projects 

In an effort to develop and use new 

electronic technologies for the dissemination of Government information, the 

Depository Library Program completed 

implementation of the last of its five 

electronic pilot projects in 1991. The 

projects, which were initiated in 1988 

with the distribution of the Census Test 

Disc No. 2 on CD-ROM, represent a 

variety of agencies, types of databases, 
and technologies. In 1990, depository libraries were given access to the 

Department of Commerce's Economic 

Bulletin Board. This was soon followed 

by the distribution of the 1985 bound 

Congressional Record CD-ROM in 

December 1990 and the provision of 

on-line access to the Department of 

Energy's Integrated Technical Information System in February 1991. Data 

collection for the pilot projects 

occurred at several points throughout 

the implementation phase. Evaluation 

of this data, in coordination with GAO, 

is targeted for mid-1992. 

Creation of Depository Electronic 

Bulletin Board 

Depository Library Program 

enhanced its communication capabilities within the depository community 

in 1991 with the development of the 

Federal Depository Library Bulletin 

Board System (FDLP/BBS). This 

tem evolved from the Board's original 

role as a platform for the Supreme 

Court's Project HERMES, which 

vides rapid dissemination of Supreme 

Court opinions through an electronic 

bulletin board. The success of Project 

HERMES led to the decision to expand 

the capabilities of the Board to provide 

program and administrative information files to the depository libraries. 

This information is available on the 

FDLP/BBS up to 3 weeks earlier than it 

would be through traditional dissemination channels. 

White House Conference on 

Libraries and Information Services 

lnjuly, GPO officials joined nearly 

2,000 delegates, observers, and invited 

guests at the 1991 White House Conti>r.Prot'P on Libraries and Information 

Services. Organized by the National 

Commission on Libraries and Information and headquartered at the 

Washington, DC, Convention Center, 

the Conference was the second ever 

convened. Public Printer Houk served 

as one of the 50 delegates-at-large to 

the Conference. Nearly 200 Conference delegates and alternates participated in a briefing and tour of GPO as 

part of the Conference activities. 

The Conference provided an 

opportunity to develop recommendations for future public policy in the 

areas of library and information services. Included among the participants 

were local, State, and Federal officials; 

library and information professionals; 

friends, trustees, and other library supporters; and the general public. 

in the 

on and Information Services as a panelist in the Confer~ 

ences Great Debate, "The Future of Libraries 

and Services in the Year 2000." 

United States lnformation show, 

"Access to Government Information," 1vas 

1noadcasl live to an international audience. 
Depository Library Council 

Restructured 

In an effort to enhance the opportunities for interaction between the 

depository library community and 

GPO, a plan to revitalize the Depository Library Advisory Council to the 

Public Printer was conceived and 

implemented in 1991. To increase the 

effectiveness of Council meetings, the 

plan called for a separation of policy 

discussions from continuing education 

activities. At two meetings held in 

Washington, DC each year, the ISmember Council will focus on depository policy issues, critique policy 

options as they are developed, and 

review and evaluate the implementation of those options. In addition, a 

iepository conference will be held 

each spring to give representatives of 

the Government information community and depository librarians from 

across the Nation the chance to meet 

and learn from one another. GPO officials and staff will also increase participation in annual and semi-annual 

meetings of professional library organizations, State and local meetings and 

workshops involving Government 

documents interests, and similar 

events that involve interaction with 

library professionals. 

Savings From Mail Manifest 

System 

An estimated $500,000 in postage 

savings was realized in the last 5 

months of fiscal year 1991 due to the 

implementation of a Mail Manifest 

System in GPO's Library Programs 

Service. For each depository shipment, 

the system allows determination of the 

least expensive postal carrier and generates listings used by the carriers to 

track shipments. The USPS authorized 

Abridged cataloging 

continued to prove a highly 

productive method 

for cataloging low-priority 

publications in 1991. 

and certified use of the system after a 

90-day trial to determine if it met 

specifications. 

Depository Library Inspections 

GPO inspects the Government 

documents collections of depository 

libraries to assure that standards of 

accessibility, maintenance, and retention are upheld. In 1991, 163 depository libraries were inspected, a 28 percent decrease from the previous year 

as the result of staffing shortages in the 

Library Programs Service. Of the 

libraries inspected, 24 were placed on 

probation and 10 were removed from 

probationary status. 

The Superintendent of Documents 

indexes and classifies Government 

publications and prepares the Monthly 

Catalog of U.S. Government Publications, 

which contains complete and authoritative descriptions of Government 

publications. 

During 1991, GPO received 

approximately 91,000 publications for 

classification, compared with 98,500 

in 1990. Of those publications 

received, 29,000 were identified as 

duplicates and removed from processing, and 62,000 were assigned classification numbers. Approximately 

26,600 publications were received for 

cataloging during the year, a decrease 

of approximately 20 percent from the 

record 33, 100 publications received in 

1990. However, due to increased productivity, a total of 29,400 publications were cataloged, a 5 percent 

increase compared to 1990. 

Abridged Cataloging Project 

Implemented in 1990, abridged 

cataloging continued to prove a highly 

productive method for cataloging lowpriority publications in 1991. More 

than 5,000 titles received abridged cataloging, saving 30 percent of the time 

that otherwise would have been 

required to prepare full-level records. 

This contributed to a decrease in the 

cataloging backlog, which fell from 

just over 12,900 to 9,800 documents. 

In comparison to the same period in 

1990, the cataloging productivity of 

the first 5 months of 1991 increased 

39 percent. Productivity decreased in 

the last 7 months of the year due to 

staffing changes and the need for 

training on new cataloging software. 
!IIIIIIIIIIIIUiillill I 1111 llillllllllll 

Superintendent of Documents 

distributes publications which are 

required by law to be distributed free of 

charge to designated recipients, and 

provides distribution services on a 

reimbursable basis for Federal """'nr·'"'" 

In 1991, the Superintendent of 

Documents received 4.7 million copies 

of publications which were distributed 

free in accordance with statutory 

requirements. In addition, approximately 39.7 million copies of publications were received and mailed on 

behalf of other Federal agencies, a 

1.3 million increase over 1990. 

Consumer Information Center 

GPO's largest reimbursable operation is the Consumer Information Center (CIC), which is located at GPO's 

Public Documents Distribution Center 

Biim:.a L£ • • Ill 

in Pueblo, CO. In 1991, 21.5 million 

free and paid consumer publications 

were distributed on behalf of the 

General Services Administration 

through this facility, compared to 

18.1 million copies in 1990. 

Distribution to International 

Exchange Libraries 

Under international treaty, the 

International Exchange Program provides for the distribution of U.S. Government publications to foreign 

libraries around the world in exchange 

for sets of the publications produced 

by their governments, which they ship 

directly to the Library of Congress. The 

Library of Congress administers the 

program and the Superintendent of 

Documents distributes the publications. Approximately 691,700 copies 

of U.S. Government publications were 

distributed to 66 foreign libraries in 

1991, more than double the number of 

publications distributed under this 

program in 1990. The increase is 

attributable primarily to the increase in 

the number of titles distributed in 

microfiche, as the result of intensified 

efforts by the Library Programs Service 

to reduce the backlog of materials 

awaiting conversion to microfiche. 

First Barbara 

Bush helped fill an 

order for educational 

pamp.hlets at GPO:s 

Pueblo Distribution 

Center dwing her visi.t 

there in 

Center: 
B!lll Ill I B II Ill IIIIIB!B 

PO's in-plant printing, printing 

procurement, and Superintendent of Documents operations are 

assisted by a variety of production 

support, administrative, and financial 

operations, each of which contributed 

in 1991 to meeting GPO's goals and 

objectives. 

Engineering Service 

GPO's Engineering Service completed over 24,300 service calls during 

1991, in addition to making progress 

on the asbestos abatement project and 

the development of the Maintenance 

job Order Tracking System (MJOTS). 

The asbestos abatement project 

reached its final stage by the end of the 

year, as work involving 10,500 feet of 

piping was completed. Further headway was made on the development of 

the MJOTS, the mainframe system 

designed to allow electronic placement 

of requests for engineering services. 

When it is completed, MJOTS will 

improve recordkeeping, maintain upto-date status information for work in 

progress, and will substantially reduce 

operating costs by eliminating the 

need to track projects manually. 

Engineering Service also placed 

renewed emphasis on its training 

activities in 1991. Fifteen apprentices, 

representing all journeyman crafts and 

classifications, were given instruction 

in the practical aspects of their crafts, 

as well as in college level academics, 

through the Engineering Service Training Program. In addition, training was 

conducted for journeyman electricians, elevator mechanics, and power 

plant stationary engineers. 

Extensive repairs were made to the 

brick wall of the oil storage building, a 

60-inch wide plate processor was 

installed in the Offset Plate Section, a 

postcard counter/banding machine 

was installed in the Postal Card Section, and the Columbus Regional 

Printing Procurement Office was relocated. Further progress to improve 

compliance with environmental regulations was made in 1991, as 21 of 30 

PCB-filled transformers were replaced 

and removed, and high voltage electrical equipment was installed. Testing of 

underground storage tanks (USTs) 

revealed ground contamination in one 

site under parking lot 16 prior to its 

purchase by GPO. Plans were implemented to upgrade GPOs USTs for EPA 

compliance. 

Materials Management Service 

For 1991, the total value of GPOs 

procurement activities other than for 

printing was $89.5 million, compared 

to $110.6 million in 1990. Of this 

GPQ:<; 1991 Veterans 
amount, $42.3 million was for paper 

and paper products; $3.5 million was 

for services, transportation, communications, and travel; $7.7 million was 

for materials and supplies; and $4 million was for machinery, equipment, 

and building appurtenances. 

A contract for $2.4 million was 

awarded for a six-color press to be used 

in the production of passports and 

postal cards. Delivery is scheduled for 

the summer of 1992. A contract was 

awarded for $138,000 for the removal 

and disposal of asbestos as part of 

GPOs continuing asbestos abatement 

program, which is now in its final 

phase. A contract for $1.1 million was 

awarded to upgrade GPOs telephone 

system. The new system now allows for 

GPO to utilize 5-digit dialing to other 

legislative branch agencies. 

Income to GPO from surplus sales 

conducted by MMS included 

$233,100 for wastepaper; $58,500 

from various spot sales of scrap and 

surplus property; $73,100 for non-ferrous metals; and $400 for scrap iron. 

Personnel Service 

GPOs Personnel Service undertook 

several successful recruiting campaigns 

and training programs in a wide range 

of occupational areas during 1991. 

Recruiting and appointing candidates 

for GPOs Printing Management Trainee 

Programs was made more efficient 

when direct-hire and delegated examining authority for Printing Assistant 

Positions for the entire Federal Government was obtained from the Office of 

Personnel Management (OPM). 

·-

GPO's pay systems were 

updated in 1991, as wage 

agreements were successfully 

negotiated and approved for 

the majority of GPO's craft 

and professional employees. 

During year, Personnel Service 

developed an upward mobility program 

for Management Analyst positions, 

established a cooperative education 

program in accounting, and administered the training of approximately 700 

employees in the Computer Learning 

Center. Thirty-one employees graduated from three apprenticeship programs in 1991 and nine of GPOs 

apprenticeship programs were registered with the Department of Labor. 

Office of Eqnal Employment 

Opportunity 

The Office of Equal Employment 

Opportunity (EEO) administers the 

discrimination complaint system, 

provides counseling services, and 

assists GPO management in adhering 

to laws, regulations, and policies 

regarding equal employment opportunity for all employees and applicants 

for employment. 

In 1991, EEO submitted and 

received approval of its Accomplishment 

Report of the Affirmative Action Plan for 

Fiscal Year I 990 by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. The 

office completed two of three scheduled evaluations of field installations. 

Reports of the evaluations were submitted to the appropriate Assistant 

Public Printers and included updates 

on the subject of sexual harassment. In 

addition, EEO again staffed a recruitment exhibition booth at the Sixteenth 

Annual National Conference on Blacks 

in Higher Education sponsored by the 

National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education. 

Labor aud Employee Relations 

Service 

The Labor and Employee Relations 

Service administers GPO's labor-management and employee relations 

programs. The L1bor-Management 

Relations Branch administers labor 

relations policies and programs involving 16 unions representing approximately 100 employees in 23 bargaining units across the country. 

GPOs pay systems were updated 

in 1991, as wage agreements were 

successfully negotiated and approved 

for the majority of GPO's craft and 

professional employees. One of these, 

the 4-year agreement with the Joint 

Bargaining Committee, was significant 

in that it included a procedure to deal 

with changes in pay rates during its 

term. A 4-year wage agreement was 

also reached with the American 

Federation of Government EmployeesPrinting Crafts Joint Council (AFGEPC]C), which represents 1,300 white 

collar Central Office employees. 

While an agreement was reached with 

GPOs police officers, negotiations 

with the machinists' union resulted 

in an impasse. 

The Employee Relations Branch 

processed 185 adverse actions in 1991, 
resulting in the removal or discharge, 

either for disciplinary or performance 

reasons, of 40 employees. The 

Employee Programs Branch administered another successful Combined 

Federal Campaign in 1991, exceeding 

its goal of $225,000 by $4,000. 

Occupational Health and Environmental Services 

In 1991, Occupational Health and 

Environmental Services (OHES) concentrated its efforts on addressing significant health-related issues, promoting preventive activities, and 

expanding its services while cutting 

expenses. Some of the issues explored 

by OHES included drug and alcohol 

use among employees, AIDS, and 

problems of the hearing impaired in 

the workplace. OHES also promoted 

preventive health care through its 

sponsorship of the expanded Fourth 

Annual Health Fair, in which over 

2,000 GPO employees participated, 

and its initiation of a Hypertension 

Screening and Detection Program. 

OHES worked with Employee Relations in an effort to lower workers' 

compensation costs by reducing 

injuries and illnesses, improving claims 

processing, and ensuring the availability of rehabilitation. The Safety Branch 

began weekly inspections of all Hazardous \Vaste Accumulation areas and 

was actively involved in the removal of 

PCB-filled transformers from GPO sites. 

Security and Support Services 

Security and Support Services is 

responsible for GPOs law enforcement, 

physical and information security, and 

administrative support functions. In 

1991, 20 secmity alarms were added 

to the cardkey alarm system and a 

color graphics floor map program was 

integrated into the central security system. Three GPO police officers were 

commended for assisting victims of 

attempted robberies in the vicinity of 

GPO, and all officers successfully completed annual firearms qualification at 

the U.S. Secret Service's firing range. 

The security mission of the Uniformed 

Protection Branch was accomplished 

with a reduction of $319,700, or 58 

percent, in overtime compensation. 

The self-sustaining GPO Parking 

Program acquired 450 parking spaces 

on H Street, which allowed relinquishment of more costly parking space. 

The Telecommunications and Automated Information Systems Security 

Group conducted computer security 

surveys, inventoried equipment valued 

at approximately $9.5 million, and 

conducted security awareness training 

for new employees, managers, and 

supervisors. 

Committee/GPO Chairman 

and Public Ptinter Houk 

share congratulations with john A Marshall 

]BC United Brotherhood of 

Local on the 
Office of Financial Management 

In 1991, the Office of Financial 

Management (OFM) made a successful 

effort to improve services to GPO 

clients, contractors, employees, and 

managers while reducing the resources 

needed to provide those services. Projects which were part of this effort 

included the drafting of a firm 

procedure, expansion of tbe electronic 

billing program initiated in 1989, 

implementation of a new Bids and 

Solicitation Services Billing System, and 

further automation of office functions. 

During the year, OFM prepared a 

proposal for a procedure tbat would 

change the way GPO and bills 

for production or procurement of services. GPO's current method of price 

quoting sometimes results in 

receiving final bills that vary signifi-

-••••-•••lll•r•rm•!li!!•••,l•u•ll!• .. •••••l••-• 

cantly from the price quoted to them 

when they submitted their requisition. 

The draft proposal calls for a firm price 

quote at the time a requisition is submitted and automatic billing for the 

quoted amount. This will improve customer service by eliminating the need 

for client agencies to reprogram funds 

to compensate for differences between 

estimated costs and final billing. It will 

also reduce the time it takes GPO to 

recover its expenses. The firm estimate 

proposal is also expected to help eliminate approximately $750,000 in 

administrative overhead associated 

with the existing billing system. 

Further progress was also made 

this year on the electronic billing program initiated in 1989. Participants in 

this program-through which GPO 

provides billing data on magnetic tape 

or floppy disk-now include the 

Department of the Army, the U.S. Postal 

Serv'ice, the Internal Revenue Service, 

tbe Department of Transportation, 

U.S. Geological Survey, and the Department of Health and Human Services. 

The Army, about half of whose orders 

are handled through this program, has 

completely divorced itself from paper 

invoices, and the other five program 

participants are working toward this 

same end. Efforts are underway to convert other client agencies to electronic 

billing and to establish capabilities to 

transfer billing data directly from cornpurer to computer using an Electronic 

Data Interchange concept. 

The cumbersome billing system for 

the Bids and Solicitation Services was 

replaced in May 1991 due to increasing costs and excessive administrative 

burden. The replacement system, 

which is based on a flat monthly 

charge per office subscribed, requires 

payment in advance plus a deposit 

Ti·easw<:r of the 

United States Catalinc 

Vdsquez Villalpando 

speahs at GPO 

ceremonies "'"'cm•u,;w 

National Hispanic 

Heritage Month 1991. 
equal to a months charge. This is an 

improvement over the previous system, which often resulted in billing 

delays of almost 2 months. The new 

system improves the timeliness of payments and the collectabilit y of 

amounts due, and reduces the cost of 

preparing and collecting invoices. 

Other projects undertaken by 

OFM in 1991 include the removal 

from the mainframe of the Accounts 

Receivable System for Government 

Accounts, a move that improves accuracy and timeliness in posting and 

reporting; the conwrsion of the Retirement and Insurance Transfer System to 

electronic transmission by OPM, a step 

that eliminates some hard copy transfer of information and enables OPM to 

electronically transfer GPO's contributions to its account at the Treasury 

Department; the writing of computer 

programs to automate the existing 

manual leave cards, which will eliminate at least 5 staff years and save an 

estimated $100,000 in administrative 

overhead; and the development of a 

PC-based billing system that allows 

printing specialists to enter preliminary data and have the client and rider 

billings automatically computed. 

The effort to upgrade OFM's workforce from clerical to analytical positions continued. As part of this effort, 

the Accounting Trainee Program was 

revived in 1991 with the recruitment 

and hiring of five accounting majors. 

The program is designed to provide the 

trainees with exposure to all the major 

functions performed by OFM. Additionally, 4 persons were selected and 

placed in upward mobility Printing 

Assistant positions, bringing the total 

number of OFM upward mobility positions to 24 at yearend. 

The Office of Financial 

Management made a 

successful effort in 1991 to 

improve services to GPO 

clients, contractors, employees, 

and managers while reducing 

the resources needed to 

provide those services. 

Office of Planning 

The Office of Planning was instrumental in 1991 in implementing the 

cost control program that was critical 

to the success of GPO's financial strategy, monitoring progress regarding the 

implementation of GAOs management 

review recommendations, enforcing 

cost-conscious budget targets for all 

GPO areas, initiating the new capital 

investment process, and conducting 

data assembly and analysis in support 

of GP0/2001. 

Office of Information Resources 

Management 

In 1991, the Public Printer 

appointed the Assistant Public Printer 

(Chief Financial Officer) as the Designated Senior Official for Information 

Resources Management at GPO. Subsequently, the Office of Information 

Resources Management (OIRM) was 

reorganized to place maximum 

emphasis on new information systems 

development, and to provide a more 

responsive information processing 

organization. 

OIRM prepared a report presenting 

a strategy to perform corporate 

database development at GPO. It proposed a corporate database philosophy 

of providing information to all GPO 

organizational areas on any automation 

platform. The Acquisitions, Classifications, and Shipment Information System mirrors this philosophy by using 

data from other systems and by creating databases for use by future GPO 

systems. The Integrated Personnel/Payroll System is the first fully integrated 

system developed completely under 

the corporate database concept. 

OIRM also developed or revised 

information systems involving a wide 

range of programs in 1991. These projects included development of the Federal Depository Library Program/Electronic Bulletin Board System for the 

Library Programs Service; automation 

supporting the expansion of the Sales 

Programs lockbox operation; modification of GPO's Government Bill of Lading System to reduce manual data 

entry, resulting in a savings of approximately $15,000 annually; and revisions 

to the Materials Management Procurement and Control System to provide a 

centralized source of information on 

major materials contracts, as well as a 

new inquiry screen function which 

eliminates manual functions for a savings of $20,000 per year. 
CRI!. MBa&BtConsolidated Balance Sheet 

As of September 30, 1991 and 1990 (Notes 1 and 2) (in thousands of dollars) 

Assets 

Current assets: 

Cash: 

On-hand and in-transit 

Revolving fund 

Appropriations 

Accounts receivable, net (Note 3) 

Inventories: 

Publications for sale, net (Note 4) 

Paper 

Materials and supplies 

Prepaid expense 

Total current assets 

Property, plant, and equipment 

(Note 5): 

Land and buildings 

Equipment and building improvements 

Total acquisition value 

Less: accumulated depreciation 

Net property, plant, and equipment 

Total assets 

$ 

1991 

1,301 

130,104 

18,216 

193,154 

13,404 

12,650 

10,113 

76 

379,018 

18,633 

123,912 

142,545 

90,572 

51,973 

$ 430,991 

$ 

1990 

845 

101,452 

28,437 

233,462 

12,451 

14,978 

10,512 

120 

402,257 

18,633 

119,076 

137,709 

85,155 

52,554 

$ 454,811 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
Liabilities and investment 1991 1990 

Current liabilities: 

Accounts payable (Note 6) $ 70,032 $ 70,028 

Advances from customers (Note 7) 31,386 34,950 

Accrued salaries, wages, benefits and 

other withholdings 15,287 13,245 

State and local payroll taxes 825 820 

Total current liabilities 117,530 119,043 

Other liabilities: 

Accrued annual leave 10,723 10,707 

T:xcess receipts from sales of 

publications, due 

U.S. Treasury (Note 8) 903 8,686 

Total other liabilities 11,626 19,393 

Total liabilities 129,156 138,436 

Investment of U.S. Government: 

Appropriations: 

Unliquidated obligations 21,127 34,469 

Revolving fnnd: 

Contributed capital (Note 9) 109,993 109,952 

Retained earnings 170,715 171,954 

Total revolving fund 280,708 281,906 

Total investment 301,835 316,375 

Total liabilities and investment $ 430,991 $ 454,811 
Consolidated Statement of Revenue and Expenses 

by Function and Retained Earnings 

Fiscal Years 1991 and 1990 (Notes 1 and 2) (in thousands of dollars) 

Printing and Binding 

Revenue: 

Printing and Binding 

Sales of Publications 

Appropriations 

Reimbursements 

Total revenue 

Expenses: 

Personnel compensation and benefits 

Travel and transportation 

Rents, communications and utilities 

Printing and reproduction 

Other services 

Supplies and materials 

Depreciation 

Publications sold 

Surplus publications 

Total expenses 

Net income or (loss) 

Excess receipts due U.S. Treasury 

Net income (loss) 

to retained earnings 

Retained earnings, beginning 

of fiscal year 

Retained earnings, after payable 

In-House 

Printing 

$224,797 

224,797 

151,191 

551 

10,169 

2,977 

55,652 

5,175 

225,715 

(918) 

$ (918) 

to U.S. Treasury, end of fiscal year 

Purchased 

Printing Total 

$ 623,076 $ 847,873 

623,076 847,873 

34,824 186,015 

1,913 2,460 

2,801 12,970 

581,421 581,421 

695 3,672 

] ,001 56,653 

478 5,653 

623,133 848,848 

(57) (975) 

$ (57) $ (975) 

The accompanying notes are an integral pan of these financial statements. 
Information Dissemination 

Sales Agency Salaries 

of Distribution and 

Publications Services Expenses 

$ 81,527 

$ 27,117 

$ 4,652 

81,527 4,652 27,117 

28,648 2,849 7,546 

996 64 496 

17,206 1,667 2,827 

714 57 15,260 

808 88 484 

1,437 166 442 

225 25 62 

26,482 

4,108 

80,624 4,916 27,117 

903 (264) 

(903) 

$ (264) 

Total Eliminations 

$ (45,716) 

$ 81,527 

27,117 (33]) 

4,652 

113,296 (46,047) 

39,043 ( 2,550) 

1,556 

21,700 (424) 

16,031 (42,514) 

1,380 (424) 

2,045 (135) 

312 

26,482 

4,108 

112,657 (46,047) 

639 

(903) 

$ (264) 

Total GPO 

1991 

$802,157 

81,527 

26,786 

4,652 

915,122 

222,508 

4,020 

34,246 

554,938 

4,628 

58,563 

5,965 

26,482 

4,108 

915,458 

(336) 

(903) 

1990 

$822,483 

83,245 

24,938 

4,907 

935,573 

218,528 

4,778 

33,949 

566,584 

5,396 

60,521 

6,311 

24,572 

4,869 

925,508 

10,065 

(6,424) 

$ (1,239) $ 3,641 

171,954 168,313 

$170,715 $171,954 
Ill 

_,_ 111!11 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Financial Position 

Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 1991 and 1990 (Notes 1 and 2) 

(in thousands of dollars) 

1991 1990 

Funds provided: 

Net income $ (336) $ 10,065 

Add expenses not requiring working capital: 

Depreciation 5,965 6,311 

Total funds provided by operations 5,629 16,376 

Book value of retired assets 6 19 

Appropriations 103,110 87,473 

Sale of land 513 

Increase in accrued annual leave 16 353 

Total funds provided 108,761 104,734 

Funds applied: 

Purchase of fixed assets 5,350 5,875 

Funds returned to U.S. Treasury: 

From sales of publications 8,686 

From appropriations 150 

Public Law 99-177 Reductions 1 

Expended appropriations (Note 10) 116,301 94,251 

Total funds applied 130,488 100,126 

Increase (decrease) 

in working capital $ (21,727) $ 4,608 

Changes in Working Capital 

Current assets: 

Cash: 

On-hand and in-transit $ 456 $ (179) 

Revolving fund 28,651 (26,968) 

Appropriations (10,221) (5,821) 

Accounts receivable, net (40,308) (17,492) 

Publications for sale, net 953 (555) 

Paper (2,329) (2,940) 

Materials and supplies (399) (256) 

Prepaid expense (44) 120 

Current liabilities: 

Accounts payable (4) 31,894 

Advances from customers 3,564 34,311 

Accrued salaries, wages, benefits and 

other withholdings (2,041) (8,874) 

State and local payroll taxes (5) 1,368 

Increase (decrease) in 

working capital $ (21,727) $ 4,608 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
Status of Appropriated Funds 

Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 1991 and 1990 (Notes 1 and 2) 

(in thousands of dollars) 

Total 

Congressional Salaries Appropriated Funds 

Printing and and 

Binding Expenses 1991 1990 

Status of appropriations, 

beginning of fiscal year $ 11,411 $ 17,026 $ 28,437 $ 34,258 

Funds provided: 

Appropriations 77,365 25,745 103,110 87,473 

Intra-office funding 7,890 

Total funds available 88,776 42,771 131,547 129,621 

Funds applied: 

Obligated appropriations: 

Current fiscal year 75,843 16,329 92,172 82,258 

Prior fiscal years 10,430 10,578 21,008 18,926 

Funds returned to U.S. Treasury 150 150 

Public Law 99-177 Reductions ] 1 

Total funds applied 86,424 26,907 113,331 101,184 

Status of appropriations, 

end of fiscal year $ 2,352 $ 15,864 $ 18,216 $ 28,437 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 
-!I!!IR 

Statement of Reconciliation to Budget Reports 

Fiscal Year Ended September 30, 1991 (Note 11) 

(in thousands of dollars) 

Total expenses per statement of revenue and 

expenses by function and retained earnings 

Add Congressional Printing and Binding 

Appropriation expenditures not included above 

Total operating expenses 

Budgetary outlays not included as expenses: 

Capital expenditures 

Items not requiring outlays: 

Depreciation $ (5,965) 

(1,033) 

(1,068) 

Changes in allowance accounts 

Bad debts 

Surplus publications 

Decrease in inventories 

Decrease in prepaid expenses 

Increase in annual leave accrual adjustment 

Book value of retired assets 

Subtotal 

Gross cash disbursements 

Less offsetting collections: 

Total revenue per statement of revenue and 

expenses by function and retained earnings: 

In-House printing 

Purchased printing 

Sales of Publications 

Agency Distribution 

Salaries and Expenses 

Less eliminations 

Total revenue 

Salaries and Expenses Appropriation 

Sales to Depository Library Program 

Net decrease in accounts receivable and payable 

Subtotal 

Net outlays 

(707) 

(44) 

(16) 

(6) 

$ 224,797 

623,076 

81,527 

4,652 

27,117 

(46,047) 

915,122 

(27,117) 

23 

37,762 

$ 915,458 

89,207 

1,004,665 

5,350 

(8,839) 

1,001,176 

(925,790) 

$ 75,386 

The accompanying notes are an integral pan of these financial statements. 
As of September 30, 1991 and 1990 

(I) Organization 

The Government Printing Office 

(GPO) provides printing, binding, and 

distribution services to the Congress and 

Federal agencies and distributes publications to the public. Title 44 of the U.S. 

Code, Public Printing and Documents, 

authorizes the GPO Revolving Fund to 

finance these operations. The Revolving 

Fund is reimbursed by payments from 

agencies, receipts from sales of publications, and by transfers from the Salaries 

and Expenses and the Congressional 

Printing and Binding Appropriations. 

The Congressional Printing and 

Binding Appropriation is for printing 

and binding performed directly for 

Congress and for printing and binding 

publications authorized by law to be distributed without charge to recipients. 

The Salaries and Expenses Appropriation is for necessary expenses incurred 

by the Superintendent of Documents for 

depository libraries, internalional 

exchange, and other statutory distribution of publications, and for the cataloging and indexing of Government 

publications. 

(2) Summary of Significant 

Accounting Policies 

Principles of Consolidation. The consolidated financial statements include all 

GPO funds. Inter-fund and inter-operational transactions and balances have 

been eliminated. 

Basis of Accounting. Assets, liabilities, 

revenue, and expenses are recognized on 

accrual basis of accounting following 

accepted accounting principles 

the associated principles of fund 

accounting, and Title 2, "Accounting," of 

the U.S. General Accounting Offices 

(GAO) Policy and Procedt<res Manual for 

Guidance of Federal Agencies. 

Expense Allocations. General and 

administrative expenses have been distributed among the various expense categories. To the extent practicable, general 

and administrative expenses were allocated to the various programs based on 

the estimated level of effort associated 

with each program. 

Revenue Recognition. Printing and 

binding revenue is recognized on the 

basis of work performed by the GPO 

due to the fact that all printing and 

binding work is required by law to be 

reimbursed on the basis of services rendered. At the end of fiscal year 1991, 

there was an estimated $22,950,000 

shortfall in the Congressional Printing 

and Binding Appropriation for fiscal 

years through 1991, of which 

$3,019,000 was provided in the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act for 1992 

(Public Law 1 02-90), as the first installment of a multi-year financing agreement to liquidate prior-year shortfalls. 

Revenue from commercially-procured 

printing and binding is recognized on 

the constructive-receipt concept. Revenue from distributing and selling publications to the public is recognized when 

publications have been shipped, or 

when services have been performed. 

Inventories. Publications for sale are 

valued using the first-in, first-out cost 

method. Paper, materials, and supplies 

are valued using the moving-average 

cost method. 

Property, Plant, and Equipment. Property, plant, and equipment are carried at 

cost. Expenditures which substantially 

increase the useful lives of the assets are 

capitalized. Maintenance and repairs are 

expensed as incurred. Depreciation, computed using the straight-line method with 

estimated useful lives ranging from 3 to 

30 years for machinery and equipment 

and building improvements, is recovered 

through billings to client agencies. Buildings and structures with useful lives ranging from 42 to 50 years have been paid 

from legislative appropriations. Accordingly, depreciation is recorded but not 

reimbursed on these items. In fiscal year 

1991, assets originally acquired for 

$605,000 were disposed of and removed 

from the accounts. In fiscal year 1991, 

GPO began capitalizing software development costs when the cost exceeds 

$5,000, in accordance with GAO$ Title 2. 

As a result, a software development in 

progress asset account was established. 

This capitalization of software development costs constituted a change in an 

accounting principle. GAAP requires that 

when a change in an accounting principle 

occurs, the cumulative effect of the 

change should be recognized in the net 

income of the period of change. However, 

the costs for software development for 

prior years were not determinable. Thus, 

GPO's financial statements for fiscal year 

1991 did not reflect the cumulative effect 

of the change for prior years. 

Intragovernmental Financial 

Activities. GPO's financial activities 

interact with and depend on those of the 

Federal Government as a whole. Thus, 

GPO's financial statements do not re!lect 

the results of all financial decisions and 

activities applicable to GPO's operations, 

as if it were a stand-alone entity. 

GPO's financial statements are not 

intended to report GPO$ proportionate 

share of the Federal deficit or of public 

borrowing, including interest thereon. 

Financing for appropriations reported on 

GPO's statements could derive from tax 

revenues or public borrowing or both; 

the ultimate source this financing, 

whether from tax revenues or public borro\ving, has not been specifically allocated to GPO. 

Pensions. During fiscal year 1991, the 

majority of GPO's employees participated in the contributory Civil Service 
Retirement System (CSRS), the Federal 

Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance Fund, and/or the Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS), to which 

GPO made contributions of $15,462,000 

and $14,696,000 in fiscal years 1991 

and 1990, respectively. Such contributions are recognized as expenses in the 

statement of revenues and expenses. 

GPO does not report CSRS and fERS liabilities, if any, applicable to its employees 

since these data are only reported in total 

by the Office of Personnel Management. 

Contingencies. GPO is pany to various 

administrative proceedings, legal actions, 

and claims brought by or against it at 

September 30, 1991. 

These include: 

Various personnel actions, suits, or 

claims brought against GPO by 

employees and others. 

Claims against commercial contractors as a result of contract default or 

other less-than-satisfactory performance in which GPO is likely to prevail. The value of these claims is 

recorded as accounts receivable. 

Claims by commercial contractors 

brought against GPO. One contingency, classified as reasonably possible, exists. It relates to the temrination of a printing contract The 

amount of loss to GPO, should the 

contractor prevail, would be approximately $298,000. This claim is disclosed but not recorded in the financial stat.ernents, in accordance with 

GAAP guidelines on reasonably possible contingencies. 

Funding. In fiscal year 1990, the 

Salmies and Expenses Appropriation was 

funded in part by excess receipts derived 

from sales of publications and from the 

sale of land. Pursuant to Public Laws 

101-163 and 101-164, funding of 

$7,377,000 vvas provided from the sale 

of publications and 13,000 from the 

sale of land. For fiscal years 1991 and 

1992, there is no public law authorizing 

this type of intra-office funding. Appropriations for fiscal year 1991 were 

approved for Congressional Printing and 

Binding and Salaries and Expenses in the 

amounts of $79,615,000 and 

$26,500,000, respectively. Public Law 

101-520 required that $2,250,000 and 

$755,000 (respectively) be unavailable 

for obligation or expenditure during 

fiscal year 1991. Appropriation amounts 

(3) Accounts Receivable, Net 

presented herein are shown net of Public 

Law 101-520. 

Balanced Budget and Emergency 

Deficit Control Act of 1985, Public 

Law 99-177. As a result of this legislation, funds were sequestered during fiscal 

year 1991. For ease of presentation, 

reductions are referred to in the financial 

statements and accompanying notes as 

"Public Law 99-177 Reductions." 

Accounts receivable, net, comprised the following: 

September 30 

1991 1990 

U.S. Government agencies $ 22,227,000 $ 26,679,000 

Unbilled completed work 111,94 2,000 137,605,000 

Unbilled work in process 58,046,000 66,909,000 

The public 414,000 350,000 

Other 2,615,000 2,976,000 

Subtotal 195,244,000 234,519,000 

Allowance for doubtful accounts * (2,090,000) (1 ,057 ,000) 

Accounts receivable, net $ 193,154,000 $ 233,462,000 

* The allowance for doubtful accounts, established in fiscal year 1990, is based 

on recent bad debt and account write off experience. 

( 4) Inventory-Publications for Sale, Net 

Publications for sale, net, comprised the following: 

September 30 

1991 1990 

Publications for sale $ 18,572,000 $ 16,551,000 

Allowance for surplus publications 168,000) ( 4,100,000) 

Publications for sale, net $ 13,404,000 $ 12,451,000 

* The allowance for surplus publications is established to estimate the value of 

potentially obsolete or excess publications held in inventory at fiscal yearend. 
(5) Property, Plant, and Equipment 

Property, plant, and equipment at September 30, 1991, consisted of the following: 

Acquisition Accumulated Net 

Value Depreciation Book Value 

Land $ 9,977,000 $ 9,977,000 

Buildings 8,656,000 $ 8,656,000 

Building improvements 46,062,000 24,347,000 21,715,000 

Leasehold improvements 1,394,000 866,000 528,000 

Plant machinery and 

equipment 64,129,000 48,145,000 15,984,000 

Office machinery and 

equipment 9,457,000 7,223,000 2,234,000 

Computer software 970,000 471,000 499,000 

Furniture and fixtures 366,000 218,000 148,000 

Motor vehicles 823,000 646,000 177,000 

Capital improvements 

in progress 264,000 264,000 

Software development 

in progress 447,000 447,000 

Totals $14 2,545,000 $ 90,572,000 $ 51,973,000 

Property, plant, and equipment at September 30, 1990, consisted of the following: 

Acquisition Accumulated Net 

Value Depreciation Book Value 

Land $ 9,977,000 $ 9,977,000 

Buildings 8,656,000 $ 8,656,000 

Building improvements 43,607,000 22,824,000 20,783,000 

Leasehold improvements 1,394,000 764,000 630,000 

Plant machinery and 

equipment 63,259,000 45,106,000 18,153,000 

Office machinery and 

equipment 9,095,000 6,608,000 2,487,000 

Computer software 562,000 365,000 197,000 

Furniture and fixtures 347,000 233,000 114,000 

Motor vehicles 757,000 599,000 158,000 

Capital improvements 

in progress 55,000 55,000 

Totals $137,709,000 $ 85,155,000 $ 52,554,000 
( 6) Accounts Payable 

Accounts payable comprised the following: 

September 30 

1991 

Commercial printing $ 54,640,000 

U.S. Government agencies 10,507,000 

Other 4,885,000 

Totals $ 70,032,000 

(7) Advances from Customers 

Advances from customers comprised the following: 

1990 

$ 53,605,000 

10,588,000 

5,835,000 

$ 70,028,000 

September 30 

1991 1990 

Deferred subscription revenue $ 20,273,000 $ 21,882,000 

Customer deposits for publication orders 8,688,000 8,964,000 

Undelivered publication orders 1,548,000 1,468,000 

Advanced billings to customer agencies 877,000 2,636,000 

Totals $ 31,386,000 $ 34,950,000 

(8) Amount Due U.S. Treasury-From Sales of Publications 

Title 44 requires the Government Printing Office to deposit in the U.S. Treasury 

excess receipts from sales of publications. The amount due U.S. Treasury as of 

September 30, 1991, was determined as follows: 

Amount due U.S. Treasury, September 30, 1990 

Amount returned to U.S. Treasury during 1991: 

Fiscal year 1989 excess receipts $ 

Fiscal year 1 990 excess receipts 

Fiscal year 1991 excess receipts 

2,261,000 

6,425,000 

Amount Due U.S. Treasury, September 30, 1991 

$ 8,686,000 

(8,686,000) 

903,000 

$ 903,000 
(9) Contributed Capital 

Contributed capital was derived from the following: 

Beginning net worth when the 

revolving fund was established 

Book value of contributed 

buildings and land 

Appropriations for improvements to 

air conditioning and electrical systems 

Appropriations for working capital 

and site acquisition 

Donated equipment 

Totals 

(IO) Expended Appropriations 

Expended appropriations were as follows: 

Congressional printing and binding 

Depository library distribution 

Cataloging and indexing 

By-law distribution 

International exchange 

Totals 

September 30 

1991 

$ 33,807,000 

415,000 

12,900,000 

62,600,000 

271,000 

$109,993,000 

1990 

$ 33,807,000 

415,000 

12,900,000 

62,600,000 

230,000 

$ 109,952,000 

September 30 

1991 1990 

$ 89,207,000 $ 68,846,000 

23,403,000 21,230,000 

2,464,000 2,664,000 

726,000 988,000 

501,000 523,000 

$ 116,301,000 $ 94,251,000 

(II) Reconciliation to Budget Reports 

This statement reconciles GPO's 

total revenue and expenses, as 

reported on the Consolidated Statement of Revenue and Expenses By 

Function and Retained Earnings, with 

GPO's net outlays presented by the 

U.S. Treasury on its FMS Form 6654, 

"Undisbursed Appropriation AccountsTrial Balance;" the information 

reported by GPO on the U.S. Treasury's 

TFS Form 2108, "Year-End Closing 

Statement;" and GPO's budgetary 

information reported on the Office of 

Management and Budget's Form SF133, "Report on Budget Execution." 
(as of September 30, 1991) 

.. n < ... 

· .. . .. ; .. . ... 

I .·..., ... , · . • Ghiefbf Staff ·r -, .. . . .·.· · .. · 

I 

Genera~ Counse1• mspenur Gi>nPt51l. 

Office 'r'< .. .1 

·nr. .I: Office of Administrative lPo+ ·<? Information Pl::\llfling and training ·o· 

Affair~ Dissemination Pohc¥ .. · .. 

I 

Assistant Public Printer A m Publlc Printer · · • A ccict5lnt 

Assistant Public Printer < '"""'' +~'" 

(Administration and (Chief Fihand~l Officer) (Superintendent (Operations 

Resources Management) of Documents) Procurement) 

I I I I I I I I 

.. 

Equal Occupational Office.of Offi~e of f' Li,brary --'~ 

t .,., .. Employment He~alth.and Engineering Finandal Sales Progra:tns Service Opportunity .Environmental Service Management Resources ~ Department Management · .. . :::>etvlCCS .· 

I I I I 

Labor and 

Office of Materials Printing Employee Personnel Management Procurement Relations Service Planning Service Department 

..c.. 

I I Security 0 

and Quality Support 1 

Production Control Services lrwmr mem Technical T 

Department 

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1992 0 - 306-236 QL 3 
The text for this publication was 

originally keyed in WordPerfect for 

DOS and translated to Macintosh 

Microsoft Word. It was designed by 

GPO's Typography and Design 

Division utilizing a Macintosh Ilci 

computer and QuarkXPress software. 

The cover photo was scanned on the 

Howtek Scanmaster and brought into 

the program as a TIFF file for positioning. Proofs were generated on the 

Canon Laser Copier 500. Negatives 

were generated from Macintosh 

through the Unotronic Imagesetter in 

GPO's Electronic Job Section. 

This publication was printed in 

soy-based sheetfed offset ink on alkaline recycled 80lb litho coated cover 

stock and alkaline recycled 60lb offset 

text stock. 

(All brand names listed above are trademarks of 

their respective holders.)