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[Biennial Report to Congress on the Status of GPO Access 1995]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]

BIENNIAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
ON THE STATUS OF
GPO Access
A Service of the U.S. Government Printing Office
Established Under
Government Printing Office Electronic Information
Access Enhancement Act of 1993
Public Law 103-40 - June 8, 1993
U.S. Government Printing Office
December 31, 1995
For additional information contact the Office of Congressional, Legislative and Public Affairs
� U.S. Government Printing Office � Washington, DC 20401 �
Telephone: (202) 512-1991
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
I. Overview 1
II. Key Provisions of the GPO Access Legislation 2
HI,      Statement of GPO Objectives 3
IV. Consultation 4
V. Online Access to the Congressional Record and Federal Register 5
VI. The Locator Service 9
VH. The Storage Facility 12
VIH.    The Federal Bulletin Board 13
IX. Future Plans 14
X. Costs and Financing 16
List of Exhibits
Exhibit A:        Legislative History of Public Law 103-40
Current Equipment Configuration for the GPO Access Service
GPO Access Now Free! (Press Release, December 1, 1995)
List of Databases Available Online Via GPO Access as of December 1, 1995
Exhibit B
Exhibit C:
Exhibit D
Exhibit E
Federal Register Page with Instructions for Free Online Access;
ACFR Resolution Supporting Free Public Access
Exhibit F: Congressional Record Page with Instructions for Free Online Access
Exhibit G:        Sample Screens from the GPO World Wide Web Site
Exhibit H:        1994 Federal Technology Leadership Award (Press Release, November 18,1994);
1995 James Madison Award (Press Release, March 15, 1995)
Exhibit I:
Federal Depository Libraries Sponsoring GPO Access Gateways
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STATUS REPORT
GPO Access
A Service of the U.S. Government Printing Office
I.      OVERVIEW
Early in the 103d Congress two similar bills (H.R. 1328 and S. 564) were introduced, leading to me enactment
of Public Law 103-40, entitled the "Government Printing Office Electronic Information Access Enhancement
Act of 1993' (GPO Access) on June 8, 1993.
The GPO Access legislation bad bipartisan support It was introduced in the Senate by Senator Wendell H.
Ford (KY) and co-sponsored by Senator Ted Stevens (AK) and Senator Larry Pressler (SD). In the House it
was introduced by Representative Charlie Rose (NC) and co-sponsored by Representative Newt Gingrich (GAJ,
Representative Sam Gejdenson (CT), Representative Gerald D. Kleckza (WI), Representative Pat Roberts (KS)
and Representative William M. Thomas (CA). President Clinton signed it into law on June 8, 1993.
When it was launched in June, 1994, the GPO Access service was a combination of free services at and through
Federal depository libraries and direct subscription services. On December 1, 1995, the Public Printer
announced mat GPO Access would be available without charge to all users. The press release announcing free
public access is attached as Exhibit C.
As required, me GPO Access services were made available on June 8, 1994. The initial online databases were
the Congressional Record, the Federal Register, the Congressional Record Index and Enrolled Bills. By
September 30, 1995, the available databases had expanded to include all Congressional Bills, the History of Bills
from the Congressional Record Index, the United States Code, Public Laws, and General Accounting Office
(GAO) Reports. In early October, 1995, the following additional databases were added: the Congressional
Directory; Economic Indicators; the Government Manual; House and Senate Calendars; House, Senate, and
Executive Reports; House, Senate, and Treaty Documents; and several Government Information Locator Service
(GILS) databases. A complete list of the GPO Access databases is provided in Exhibit D.
The GPO Access service has won two awards: the 1994 Federal Technology Leadership Award from
Government Executive magazine and the 1995 James Madison Award from the Coalition on Government
Information. The press releases announcing these awards are attached as Exhibit H.
Over 700 subscriptions were ordered during the first three weeks of operation and thousands of inquiries were
received and processed. One year later, there were 6,900 workstations registered. By December 1, 1995,
when free access was announced, there were over 8,900 workstations registered, approximately 80% from
depository libraries or depository gateways.
From August, 1994, through September, 1995, mere were approximately 730,000 searches conducted, resulting
in the downloading of over 2.9 million documents from the GPO Access databases. By December 1, 1995, the
GPO Access databases had responded to over 1.4 million searches, resulting in the downloading of more than
5.7 million documents, and usage has increased dramatically since the availability of free public access.
A brief legislative history is attached as Exhibit A. A diagram of the current equipment configuration for the
portions of GPO Access that are accessible to the public is attached as Exhibit B.
II.     KEY PROVISIONS OF THE GPO ACCESS LEGISLATION
Summarized below are the key provisions of the Government Printing Office Electronic Information Access
Enhancement Act of 1993 (Public Law 103-40).
1. Electronic Directory. Online Access and Storage Facility
Under me GPO Access legislation, the Superintendent of Documents is required to (1) maintain an electronic
directory of Federal electronic information (the Locator Service); (2) provide a system of online access to the
Congressional Record, the Federal Register and other appropriate publications (the Online Interactive Service);
(3) operate an electronic storage facility for Federal electronic information (the Storage Facility). Collectively
these are referred to as GPO Access.'
2. Departmental Requests
To the extent practicable, the Superintendent of Documents will accommodate requests by department or agency
heads to disseminate their information through GPO Access.
3. Consultation
The Superintendent of Documents will consult with users of GPO Access, and with other providers of
information services, to assess the quality and value of these services.
4. Fees
The Superintendent of Documents may charge reasonable fees for use of GPO Access services, except mat
Federal depository libraries will have access at no charge. If fees are charged, they must be set so as to recover
the incremental cost of dissemination. Depository library access will be paid from me appropriation provided
for the Federal Depository Library Program.1
5. Status Report: Biennial Report
By June 30, 1994, the Public Printer shall submit to Congress a report on the status of the GPO Access services.
The Public Printer must submit to the Congress a biennial report, beginning December 31, 1995, on odd-
numbered years. This report shall include a description of the functions in this Act and a statement of cost
savings in comparison with traditional forms of information distribution.
6. Operational Deadline
GPO Access shall be operational by June S, 1994.
1The Senate Report [103-27] acknowledged the existence of The Federal Bulletin Board and
incorporated that service as well. A World Wide Web site [http://www.access.gpo.gov] was added in October,
1994, and significantly expanded in June, 1995. It is now a significant, and growing, component of GPO
Access,
2 As noted in Section II, when it was introduced in June, 1994, the GPO Access service was a
combination of free services at and through Federal depository libraries and direct subscription services. On
December 1, 1995, the Public Printer announced that GPO Access would be free to all users.
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m.    STATEMENT OF GPO OBJECTIVES
When it was introduced in June, 1994, the GPO Access service was available for free public use on site at
Federal depository libraries and from GPO as a subscription service. By October, 1994, free public use was
extended to remote users accessing the services through depository library "Gateways." On December 1, 1995,
the Public Printer announced that GPO Access would be available without charge to all users. This free public
access is made possible through the Congressional funding of the Federal Depository library Program.
Following is a listing of the objectives that guide the development of GPO Access services. These have evolved
from the objectives agreed upon as governing principles in the initial endeavor, but remain substantially
unchanged.
To improve access to Federal Government information in electronic formats by defining a life cycle
beginning with the original document created by the author and ending with archiving in appropriate
data formats.
To provide services for electronic document delivery and online interactive access that are well-
designed, easy to use, and available to the public without charge through the Federal Depository
library Program.
* To assure access to a broad spectrum of users with a wide variety of technical capabilities, bom directly
and through an active partnership with Federal Depository Libraries. GPO will utilize network access,
particularly the Internet, as well as the more traditional asynchronous (telephone and modem)
communications as a means of direct access to its online information services. This will be augmented
by depository libraries that (a) provide public access terminals, so that users without computer
equipment can go to the library to obtain access, and (b) operate Gateways, so that users without
Internet access can connect to the library by modem using a local telephone call, and the library can
connect them to GPO Access through the Internet. A complete list of the GPO Access Gateways is
provided in Exhibit I.
* To establish and operate an Online Interactive Service that is capable of rapid expansion to meet the
needs of agency publishers and public users. Initially, the Online Interactive Service provided access to
seven databases, including, as required by statute, the Congressional Record and the Federal Register.
The service has already expanded to offer more than twenty-four databases.
To coordinate and facilitate the operation of a comprehensive Locator Service, or Pathway, for Federal
electronic information products and other appropriate Government information. This service will be
compliant with, and facilitate the implementation of, the Government Information Locator Service
(GILS) mandated by the Paperwork Reduction Act (Public Law 104-13).
To establish and operate an electronic Storage Facility tor Federal electronic information to which
online access is provided, in order to assure availability of electronic information beyond the short-term
use for producing print products or initial electronic dissemination.
To encourage the use of electronic database standards, such as SGML-structured data files; industry
standard page description languages, such as PostScript; and standardized document interchange file
formats, such as the Acrobat Portable Document Format (PDF), that permit disserninatioo of the
original document, without rekeying, in print and/or electronic format.
* To utilize a variety of dissemination media and methods to achieve cost-effective information delivery
that is appropriate to both the type of mfbrmation being disseminated and the needs of users of that
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inforrnation, including online interactive search and retrieval; World Wide Web and bulletin board
services; CD-ROM; magnetic tape, cartridge or diskette; facsimile transmission; and satellite broadcast
or other affirmative transmission.
*        To keep system development and operating costs low and manage growth carefully in order to keep the
costs to publishing agencies and the Federal Depository Library Program as low as possible while
permitting GPO to recover its costs.
To establish and expand the GPO Access services as part of an agency-wide initiative which anticipates
future workforce, technology and budget requirements.
Multi-disciplined organizational elements selected from within GPO were assigned critical tasks to facilitate
initial implementation of Public Law 103-40. Managers from these organizational elements formed a Task
Force to plan and coordinate its implementation to assure timely, cost-effective completion of the necessary
tasks. This Task Force has been die basis for the ongoing cooperative efforts within GPO to operate, expand
and enhance GPO Access services.
IV.    CONSULTATION
La developing and implementing GPO Access, the Public Printer, the Superintendent of Documents, and other
GPO staff have consulted with a variety of publishers and users of electronic government information, both from
within and outside of the Federal government. Presentations have been made at numerous public meetings,
including the Federal Depository Conferences, meetings of the Depository Library Council to the Public Printer,
die Electronic Media (E-Media) conferences held as part of the National Information Infrastructure initiative, as
well as local, regional and national library association meetings. Demonstrations and presentations have been
made individually and in small groups to representatives of a variety of Congressional offices, Federal agencies,
trade and professional organizations, and companies as well as to the general public. Presentations and training
sessions have been held in eighteen states and the District of Columbia; public outreach sessions have been held
in ten cities and the District of Columbia. There have been numerous letters, telephone calls and electronic mail
messages from individuals and organizations seeking information about the implementation of the GPO Access
legislation and offering their comments. These have been answered individually.
The GPO Access User Support Team was established to assist users and answer questions from potential users.
The team collects comments and suggestions from more than 1,300 hundred telephone calls each week, and this
information is used to improve the existing services and as an aid in determining the content and characteristics
of future services. During the past six months, the User Support Team has handled approximately 33,000 user
support calls.
We have also conducted two surveys of GPO Access users. The first survey was conducted in November,
1994, and went to all subscribers to the GPO Access Congressional Bills database. It obtained information from
users mat resulted in enhancement of that database at the start of the 104th Congress. The second survey was
conducted in December, 1995, to obtain information on customer satisfaction. This survey were sent to all
GPO Access subscribers. GPO Access received its strongest positive ratings for data reliability (96.9%) and for
providing timely access to die Record, Register and Congressional Bills (97.5 %). Ratings for ease of access and
quality of user support are also good. The "typical* survey respondent accesses the databases with WAIS client
software (45.4%) from 1 to 10 times per week (SO. 1 %).
From its inception there was strong interest in having the GPO Access services available without charge to all
users, not just those who could come to, or through, a Federal depository library. Recommeodaoons to mis
effect were received from a number of individuals and organizations, including the Depository Library Council
to the Public Printer.
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V.     ONLINE ACCESS TO THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD AND FEDERAL
REGISTER
Under the GPO Access legislation, the Superintendent of Documents is required to provide a system of online
access to the Congressional Record, the Federal Register and other appropriate publications (the Online
Interactive Service). The initial implementation of the Online Interactive Service uses a Wide Area Information
Server (WAIS) at GPO. It provides full text search and retrieval for the Congressional Record and the Federal
Register and a growing number of other databases.
When the GPO Access services were made available on June 8, 1994, the initial online databases were the
Congressional Record, the Federal Register, me Congressional Record Index and Enrolled Bills. By September
30, 1995, the available databases had expanded to include all Congressional Bills, the History of Bills from the
Congressional Record Index, the United States Code, Public Laws, and Genera] Accounting Office (GAO)
Reports. In early October, 1995, the Congressional Directory; Economic Indicators; the Government Manual;
House and Senate Calendars; House, Senate, and Executive Reports; House, Senate, and Treaty Documents; and
several Government Information Locator Service (GILS) databases were made available. A complete list of the
GPO Access databases is provided in Exhibit D.
1. Rftquirements
In designing the initial WAIS server applications, GPO identified requirements that mis service should:
Be capable of meeting the operational deadline stipulated in the law.
For the most part, utilize existing equipment, in order to minimize costs.
Be compatible and work with Internet, as well as accessible through asynchronous communications
(telephone and modem).
Satisfy publisher and public requirements that online access to the Record and Register include the
complete publications, including all tables, graphics, etc.
' Include at least one means of access that is compliant with the Americans With Disabilities Act (Public
Law 101-336)
Although the above requirements were met with the WAIS server, additional requirements were identified that
mandate the employment of alternative methods with a longer development cycle.   These are discussed in
Section DC: Future Plans.
2. Mandatory Databases on the WATS Server
The GPO Access databases required by Public Law 103-40 are the Congressional Record and the Federal
Register.
* Congressional Record Online via GPO Access contains daily issues of the Congressional Record from
the 103d Congress, 2d Session (Volume 140, 1994) forward. The 1995 database is usually updated
between 9:00 and 11:00 a.m. each day the Record is published, but the schedule varies depending on
the time that Congress adjourns the preceding day. The text of the Daily Digest, Extensions of
Remarks and House and Senate pages are all included in the database as ASCII text files. From die
104th Congress, 1st Session (Volume 141) forward, the Record is also available in the Adobe Acrobat
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Portable Document Format (PDF). This allows users with the free Acrobat Reader software to display
and print the typeset pages of the Record, including the graphics. The 1995 database also offers
searching by date or page number and the ability to easily limit searches to specific sections of the
Record. For the 1994 Record, all graphics are available as individual scanned-image files in TIFF
format
Federal Register Online via GPO Access contains daily issues of the Federal Register from the
beginning of calendar year 1994 (Volume 59) forward. The database is updated by 6:00 a.m. each day
the Register is published. The text of Notices, Final Rules, Proposed Rules, Presidential Documents,
and Executive Orders, as well as the contents and finding aids, are included in the database as ASCII
files, with all graphics included as individual scanned-image files in TIFF format Brief ASCII text
summaries of each major entry axe also available. From the beginning of calendar year 1995 (Volume
60) forward, the Register is also available in the Adobe Acrobat Portable Document Format (PDF).
This allows users with the free Acrobat Reader software to display and print the typeset pages of the
Register, including the graphics. The 1995 database also offers searching by dale or page number and
the ability to easily limit searches to specific sections of the Register.   For the 1994 Register, all
graphics are available as individual scanned-image files in TIFF format
The Unified Agenda, also known as the Semi-Annual Regulatory Agenda, is provided from the first
issue of calendar year 1994 (Volume 59). The database is updated twice a year when the Agenda is
published. The text of the Unified Agenda is included in the database as ASCII files. From 1995
(Volume 60) forward, the Agenda is also available in the Adobe Acrobat Portable Document Format
(PDF). This allows users with the free Acrobat Reader software to display and print the typeset pages
of the Agenda.
3.       Methods of Access: Software
Users with full Internet access (or a SLQVPPP connection through ah Internet service provider) and either a
World Wide Web browser or local WAIS client software can search all of the GPO Access databases and
retrieve the text files as well as die TIFF files containing scanned-image graphics and the Adobe Acrobat PDF
files for all databases that offer those options. Customized WAIS client software for Windows or Macintosh
systems is available from GPO for $15 per copy. Sample searches and the appropriate source selections
(database addresses) are provided with this client software and die installation has been customized for the
special file format requirements of the GPO Access databases. The WAIS client software also includes a text
viewer and a graphics (TIFF) viewer. The Acrobat Reader software is available free of charge from Adobe
Systems, Inc., and a number of other sources, including several GPO Access servers.
Those who do not have full Internet connections can still use the GPO Access databases through the Simple
WAIS (SWAIS) client software on the GPO server. This provides the ability to search the ASCII text files
through an Internet Telnet session or by using a modem to dial directly into GPO and offers a means of access
that is compliant with the Americans With Disabilities Act. Graphic (TIFF) and Acrobat PDF files are not
available through SWAIS.
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A substantial number of Federal depository Libraries have Internet service and can use SWAIS, a Web browser,
or (be customized WAIS client software to search the GPO Access databases. GPO provides limited 800 service
for a small number of depository libraries that do not have, and cannot obtain, Internet service, and are outside
of the Washington metropolitan area.  Because of the potential expense, GPO anticipates that this will be only a
short term solution, and that the depository libraries will actively seek to obtain Internet access. Depository
libraries using this service have special procedures to follow and are issued an identification number to use in
conjunction with die 800 number. They are limited to SWAIS service.
4.        Federal Depository Library Access: Gateways
As required by Section 4102 of the GPO Access Act, the Superintendent of Documents is providing Federal
depository libraries with access to die GPO Access databases without charge. The libraries, in turn, provide
free public access to these services. There is at least one Federal depository library in most Congressional
Districts. Costs for this access are paid from the appropriation provided for the Federal Depository library
Program.
Initially each depository library was offered one subscription to the online databases. During June and July,
1994, GPO considered additional means to improve public availability of the GPO Access services, resulting in
the decision in October, 1994, to expand the availability of GPO Access by offering a maximum of ten
subscriptions to each depository library and by encouraging depository libraries to use the expanded
subscriptions to develop public access "gateways" to GPO Access. In general, the gateway concept was to
utilize existing depository library networks or allow depository libraries to partner with public access networks
in their local area. Members of the public would connect to the depository library gateway host, which in turn
would establish a transparent connection to the GPO Access online services. This action was lauded as 'a major
breakthrough in the way the Federal government distributes information to the public.*3
The availability of additional subscriptions permitted the rapid expansion of the number of public access
workstations available for use on-site in depository libraries. This is particularly important for the many
individuals who cannot access online services from their home or office, and therefore, must rely on equipment
and communications services at depository libraries. This approach also capitalized on strengths of the FDLP,
by involving die professional documents librarians as intermediaries to assist the public with the service.
The initiative to establish gateways enabled free, off-site, public access to the GPO Access services, around die
clock, from users in classrooms, offices, or homes. All depository libraries are eligible to become gateway
sites, either on their own, or in partnership with public networks. Users can connect to a gateway by using a
computer with a modem or through the Internet GPO's initial goal was to have at least one gateway in each
state, to reduce the necessity for long distance calls by remote users.
The first gateway was a partnership effort between the regional depository library at the University of Missouri
at Columbia and COIN, die Columbia Online Information Network, a community network. The second gateway
at Seattle Public library. Both became operational in October, 1994. Nine gateways were operating by die end
of March, 1995, and by December, 1995, there were 26 gateways serving the public in 20 slates and
Washington, D.C. Over eighty depository libraries or public network partners have contacted GPO about
becoming a gateway, with more contacts coming in daily. Geographic coverage, based on these expressions of
interest, spans all 50 states, Washington, D.C, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. A complete list of the current
gateways is attached as Exhibit I.
Citizen Groups Laud GPO for Free Online Access to Federal Legislation Texts, Congressional
Record, Federal Register." News Release dated October 6, 1994, from Taxpayer Assets Project and
Congressional Accountability Project
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Most of the early gateways elected to offer die SWAIS terminal emulation interface for GPO Access. Other
gateway partners have elected to offer capabilities beyond SWAIS. For example, the University of North
Carolina developed a WAIS client using a Lynx Web browser and html (hypertext markup language) for menus
and instructional screens. In May, 1994, Purdue University opened the first Web gateway to GPO Access.
Since then nearly all of the gateways have used Web home pages to launch sessions with GPO Access.
The gateway libraries accept full responsibility for providing user support to both on-site and off-sile users.
Some of these responsibilities include connection of off-site users to the gateway server, use of communications
software, and assisting users with limited technical expertise.
The availability of gateways resulted in a substantial increase in traffic on the GPO Access service, and it
became clear that gateways would eventually result in a decrease in die sale of subscriptions. As a result of the
growing availability of no-charge access, to reduce administrative costs, and to promote public access, the
decision was reached that the FDLP was the proper channel for all public use of the GPO Access services, and
on December 1, 1995, Public Printer Michael F. DiMario announced that the public could have free access to
GPO Access services, directly from GPO or at or through a Federal depository Library.
5.        Fees Prior to Free Public Access
Fees for GPO Access were set so as to recover the incremental cost of dissemination. Section X contains
additional information on the costs for the development and operation of the GPO Access services.
Until free public access was announced on December 1, 1995, databases were grouped into one of three
subscription services: the Federal Register service, die Congressional Record service, and the Legislative
service. The subscription foes for any one of these services were as follows:
The annual subscription price for a single workstation (not a server) or an individual user-id was $375.
Six-month (26 week) subscriptions were available for $200. One month (30 days) of access could be
purchased for $35.
Annual subscriptions were also available for multiple workstations. Rates were as follows:
2 to 10 Workstations:
11 to 50 Workstations:
51 to 100 Workstations:
101 to 150 Workstations:
151 to 500 Workstations:
501 to 1000 Workstations:
A special comprehensive service provided an annual subscription price for all GPO Access databases for a single
workstation (not a server) or an individual user-id for $995, with a comparable scale for multiple workstations.
The above rates were based on GPO's best estimates of the number of subscriptions that would be sold, or
delivered without charge to Federal depository Libraries, during the first year of service. An assessment in
August, 1995, confinned that GPO Access had reached full cost recovery; however, approximately 80% of the
revenue was from subscriptions for Federal depository libraries purchased using the S&E appropriation.
A brochure that is used to respond to customer inquiries and otherwise promote the GPO Access services is
attached as Exhibit D, along with a list of the available databases. A reproduction of the Federal Register page
providing the instructions for free access to die online Federal Register that appears in each daily issue is in
$750 per year
$1,875 per year
$2,815 per year
$3,755 per year
$3,755 per year plus $188 per 10 additional
workstations over 150 (round up)
$10,335 per year phis $94 per 10 additional
workstations over 500 (round up)
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Exhibit E, along with a resolution from the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register (ACER)
supporting free public access. A reproduction of the instructions for free access to the online Congressional
Record that appears in each daily issue is Exhibit F.
6.        Equipment
At present the equipment acquired as the hosts for the GPO Access WAIS applications are DEC 3000 Model
600 Alpha Workstations, running OSF/1. Each server has over 36 gigabytes of hard disk storage. The primary
application software is WAIS Server 2.1.2 from WAIS, Inc.
VI.    THE LOCATOR SERVICE
Under the GPO Access legislation, the Superintendent of Documents is required to nyintain an electronic
directory of Federal electronic information (Locator Service). The idea of a Federal locator or directory for
electronic data files is not a new one. There have been a number of studies and legislative initiatives seeking to
address the vast quantity of government information that is not easy to acquire in large part because it is not
easy to find.
Assignment of the responsibility for a government-wide locator to GPO is a logical extension of its responsibility
for the publication of die Monthly Catalog of U.S. Government Publications (MoCat). Title 44 USC �1711
requires GPO to "prepare a catalog of Government publications which shall show the documents printed during
the preceding month, where obtainable, and the price." MoCat production receives modest funding (about $2.5
million a year) as part of the Legislative Branch Appropriations to fulfill the requirements of Title 44.
MoCat lists a wide variety of paper, microform and electronic government publications � over 32,000 records
per year. However, coverage of electronic information products has largely resulted from the inclusion of CD-
ROM and diskette based products in die GPO Sales Program and obtained for distribution to Federal depository
libraries. While it is not limited to such items, that has been a major source of information for MoCat
The new legislation gives GPO the responsibility to provide a more comprehensive directory or locator of
electronic information available from the Federal government Consequentiy, GPO established a contract with
the University of Kentucky Research Foundation, on behalf of the University of Kentucky and the National
Distance Learning Center, to develop a Prototype Locator. The contract was for $380,000 and it was completed
in December, 1994.
The information gained from the development of the Prototype Locator, in combination with the rapid expansion
of the World Wide Web as a tool for sharing information through the Internet, fed to the introduction of the
GPO Access Locator Service as a component of the Superintendent of Documents' Home Page on the GPO Web
site in June 1995. Sample screens from the GPO Web site are attached as Exhibit G.
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1.
Characteristics of the Locator Service
It is important to understand that the Locator Service is intended to identify and describe - but not necessarily
to directly deliver � the full content of information resources is response to 8 user query.   As presently
implemented, the GPO Access Locator Service:
* Provides users with descriptive data on a wide variety of Federal information services and products as
well as facilitating access to the referenced information.
Uses linkages to integrate the locator applications with the other components of GPO Access on the
Superintendent of Documents World Wide Web site, including die online databases available through
the WAIS server.
* Is compliant with, and facilitates the implementation of, the Government Information Locator Service
(GILS) mandated by the Paperwork Reduction Act (Public Law 104-13).
Is accessible to a wide range of users through the Internet at no charge.
* Refers users to holdings of Federal depository libraries and takes orders for the GPO Sales Program.
* Provides die basis for an extensive Pathway to Federal government information.
2. OPO's Roles in the Locator Service
In developing the GPO Access Locator Service, GPO sought to design a system that permits and encourages
agencies to make data about their electronic information available locally, in a distributed system, under the
control of the participating agencies, while also offering GILS-compliant locator development services and the
opportunity for agencies to utilize GPO's Web and WAIS servers to disseminate their locator information. The
GPO Web site thus acts as a major host for locator applications and a point-of-entry to identify and link to
locator arjplications at other sites. As die point of entry, GPO Access will be the place where a user might start
if they are not sure which agency is likely to have information that would assist diem.
GPO will publicize die availability of die GPO Access Locator Service and assist users in making their initial
connection to it. Although GPO will not be the only source for locating Federal information, GPO is committed
to offering services that go beyond the requirements of GILS and offer depository Libraries and the public
mb""�^ capability to locate and obtain Federal government information. The current locator applications
exemplify this commitment and demonstrate some of the means by which it will be met
3. Current Locator Applications
The Monthly Catalog of U.S. Government Publications (MoCat) is one of the core applications for the current
Locator. MoCat identifies print and electronic publications from a wide range of government agencies. The
MoCat locator application permits the user to identify a document and then obtain a list of nearby Federal
depository libraries that select that type of material. This application is augmented by a link to a Department of
Energy Web application that links the Energy Reports Bibliographic Database that identifies depository Libraries
receiving DOE reports in microfiche.
Another core locator application is the development of GILS databases. In addition to establishing a GILS-
compliant database for GPO's own information services, GPO has worked with the National Archives and
Records Administration (NARA) and the Office of die Federal Register (OFR) to establish a central database
that meets the obligations of all Federal agencies to have GILS records for their Privacy Act systems. Through
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the Web, the Privacy Act database is linked to Federal Register notices that update the biennial compilation
prepared by the OPR. As of December 1, 1995, GPO was developing GILS databases for dissemination
through GPO Access for twenty other agencies. Each of these databases is accessible through WAIS, SWAIS
and the Web, either individually or as a group. GPO is actively seeking the highest level GILS record for each
Federal agency for incorporation into its own GILS database as well as creating its own Pathway GILS records
to direct depository libraries and the public to important Federal agency information sources. This will provide
a point-of-entry, or link, to assist the public in finding all of the sites in the Federal government where GILS
records are available.
Finally, GPO is already identifying, evaluating and linking to Federal World Wide Web and Gopher sites to
create a pathway through the maze of government information available on the Internet. At present this service
provides information on a small number of sites and covers only three topics: Business, Cancer and Solar
Energy. These entries are the initial paving stones along a Pathway that will eventually guide users in searching
and discovering government information on a wide variety of topics.
4. Future Locator Applications: Pathway Services
Pathway services will utilize information management skills of GPO staff and depository librarians as well as
advanced indexing, search, and retrieval tools to identify, describe, and dynamically link users to Federal
electronic information. Pathway will be an evolving system since indexing and Internet technology are
cons tan dy changing. The services will change as technology changes.
Pathway will link to Federal Internet sites which are operated by government agencies or in cooperation with
government agencies. Pathway will analyze only Federal government electronic sites. These sites are limited to
.gov and .mil Internet domains, and sites which are operated as official government sites in cooperation with
private companies, universities or other organizations. Pathway will link to these sites by two methods. One is
the use of an indexer which will generate an index of electronic government sites. The other is the use of GPO
staff to categorize government sites by subject and arrange them by organizational structure.
The Pathway index will enable an individual to find specific government information on any topic, using then-
own words to structure a search. It will index not only GILS records, but die words on Web pages and Gopher
menus as well. This is similar to other applications using web indexers or crawlers, but it will be the first such
effort to focus exclusively and comprehensively on Federal government information.
The Pathway will also identify government information sites by subject area and organizational structure and to
provide links to them. This categorization of government sites by subject terms will be effective for those who
wish to see what is available in broad subject areas.
As part of its future plans, GPO intends to review the government sites linked through its Pathway services in
order to identify, and provide cataloging records for, specific electronic documents that should be available for
long-term public access through the GPO Access services. This will require establishing relationships with the
agencies that create and disseminate these documents, so that GPO can provide long-term access for the
depository libraries and the public if the agency is unable or unwilling to do so at some future time.
5. Free Public Access: Methods of Access
The FDLP will fund access to the Locator Services for depository libraries and the general public. These costs
will be paid from the appropriation provided for the FDLP in the Legislative Branch Appropriation.
11
Currently users can access the Locator Service through an Internet Lynx session or by using a Web browser.
The address is http://www.access.gpo.gov. The page for the locator services can be accessed directly by adding
/su_docs/�ces/aces700.html.
6.        Equipment
At present the equipment acquired as the host for (be GPO World Wide Web applications, including the Locator
Service, is a DEC 1000 Model 4/200 Alpha Workstation, running OSF/1. This server has over 7 gigabytes of
hard disk storage.
Vn.   THE STORAGE FACILITY
The GPO Access legislation requires the GPO to "operate an electronic storage facility for Federal electronic
information to which online access is made available, *  This facility began receiving data on March 31, 1994.
It is located in Owensboro, Kentucky.
1. Purposes; Methods of Access
The Storage Facility permits GPO to retain electronic files for extended periods of time after their short-term
use for production of print products or active electronic dissemination, and it provides a mechanism for access
to and retrieval of stored data files as a service to Federal agencies, depository libraries and the public.   It will
be a major component of die Federal Depository Library Program which is rapidly evolving from die
distribution of print and microfiche documents into an almost entirely electronic access and dissemination
service.
Data files in die Storage Facility will be referenced in the Locator Service to facilitate identification and
retrieval. The FDLP will fund the storage of electronic documents created or obtained for Federal depository
libraries as well as access to the Storage Facility for depository libraries and the general public. Agencies will
be able to reimburse the costs for storing files that are not selected for inclusion by the FDLP.
The facility is currendy accessible through the Internet Users can search the GPO Access databases using
either a Web browser or local WAIS client software as well as through the Simple WAIS (SWAIS) client
software on the GPO server.
2. Content
The Storage Facility provides immediate remote access to the historical databases from the GPO Access online
services, thus assuring that these files are never "out of print' The initial data sets in the Storage Facility
include the 1994 Congressional Record and Federal Register, the Congressional Record Index from 1992
through 1994, and Congressional Bills for the 103d Congress (1993-1994). This information is currendy
available as WAIS databases. The text files from these databases are ASCII files, with graphics from the
Record and Register stored as separate files in the TIFF format Congressional bills arc also available as Adobe
Acrobat PDF (portable document format) files. The volume and variety of information will increase as
additional information is disseminated through the GPO Access online services.
In the future, the Storage Facility will also be used as the original point for storing and providing on-demand
access to data files that are anticipated to have limited usage and/or are not appropriate for dissemination
through the other online services.
12
3.        Equipment
The current equipment includes a DEC 3000 Model 400 Alpha Workstation running OSF/1, with 36 gigabytes
of hard disk capacity. GPO is evaluating the use of a CD-ROM jukebox and/or an optical disc jukebox for
storage of document images and other files not suitable for full-text retrieval.
Vm. THE FEDERAL BULLETIN BOARD
The House and Senate Reports on the GPO Access legislation acknowledged the existence of The Federal
Bulletin Board and incorporated it into GPO Access.
1,        Purpose
The bulletin board service (BBS) enables Federal agencies to provide the public with immediate, self-service
access to Government information in electronic form. Like the Storage Facility, it provides a means for on-
demand delivery of information that is not suitable for, or not tune sensitive enough to warrant, online
interactive access. Consequently, GPO is evaluating the feasibility of incorporating (he bulletin board as a
component of (he Storage Facility. Since June, 1994, over 56,000 files have been download, transferring over
4.7 gigabytes of information to users of The Federal Bulletin Board.
2.        Content of Files
As of September, 1995, the bulletin board has over 7,400 files representing more than 22 Federal agencies and
organizations from all three branches of the Federal government, including files from such agencies as:
Congress
The Supreme Court
Department of Justice
* Environmental Protection Agency
* Food and Drug Administration
* Government Printing Office
Internal Revenue Service
Office of Foreign Assets Control
Public Health Service
The bulletin board includes files on subjects such as:
Federal Budget
Foreign Countries
* Health Care Reform
* Human Rights
National Export Strategy
National Performance Review
Pending and Enacted Legislation'
Press Releases
The White House
Department of Energy
Department of State
*        Federal Highway Administration
General Accounting Office
Health Care Financing Administration
Merit Systems Protection Board
Office of the Federal Register
Social Security Administration
Federal Depository Library Program
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
(GATT)
Iran-Contra Report
National Information Infrastructure
Norm American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA)
Proposed and Final Rules
13
This information is available in a variety of formats, including:
ASCII
PostScript
Lotus 123
Executable Software
WordPerfect
Acrobat PDF
dBase
3.
Methods of Access: Software
Currently users can access The Federal Bulletin Board through an Internet Telnet or FTP session addressed to
fedbbs.access.gpo.gov or by using a modem to dial directly into GPO at (202) 512-1387.   A variety of standard
off-the-shelf communications software and Telnet or FTP session managers can be used to access the bulletin
Until December 1, 1995, Federal depository libraries had access to fee-based services of The Federal Bulletin
Board without charge. Costs for this access were paid from the appropriation provided for the Federal
Depository Library Program.
Fees for other users were set so as to recover the incremental cost of dissemination. Users did not pay a
minimum fee or any charge for the time spent online. All charges were based on the size of file downloaded.
The minimum charge was $2 per file. The average price of a file downloaded from The Federal Bulletin Board
was $5. Payment methods included MasterCard, VISA, or GPO Deposit Account. Users were charged only
when a fee-based file is downloaded.
The Federal Bulletin Board is now a free service as part of GPO Access. A few files, such a software requiring
a licensing fee, continue to be sold through the bulletin board, and the online ordering requires payment for
items purchased.
5.        Equipment
The current equipment includes a 486 EISA computer, running DOS 6.22 as the operating system, with 2
gigabytes of hard disk capacity and a RAID Unit (Random Array of Inexpensive Disks) that provides 4
additional gigabytes of storage. The bulletin board software is The Major BBS 6.25 from Galacticomm.
GPO concluded mat the type of online interactive service (hat must be provided to meet the broader spectrum of
Federal depository library and public needs while completely satisfying requirements of the Legislative Branch,
requires a longer development cycle than the one year provided in the GPO Access legislation. Consequently,
while developing the WAIS and WWW server applications to meet the statutory deadlines, GPO has also been
working toward installation of an enhanced Online Interactive Service. This endeavor is commonly referred to at
GPO as "Phase II.* The necessary steps to fulfill these requirements are being taken and some preliminary
results should appear online during 1996.
board.
4.
Depository Library Access: Fees
IX.
FUTURE PLANS
14
1. Use of SGML
GPO recognized that to garner potentially significant economies throughout the Federal sector, an acceptable
standardized data structure must be employed. This structure should begin at die authoring level and remain
usable throughout the publishing processes, whether publishing in electronic or traditional printed format.
Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), prescribed by Federal Information Processing Standard 152,
was selected as die appropriate means to accomplish these objectives. The use of SGML offers a far-greater
potential for savings than methods presendy employed, not only at GPO, but throughout the Federal sector.
Consequendy, GPO is in the process of changing its production procedures to process the Congressional Record
and Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), and related publications, using SGML. Preliminary Document Type
Definitions (DTD's) for bom the Record and CFR have been completed, and refinements will be made as we
gain experience in actual production of these publications.
Input routines of GPO's PC-based composition software (MicroComp) have been modified to accept SGML-
encoded data as input. GPO's markup personnel are receiving on-going training in its use. In addition to
preparing documents in-house using SGML, GPO now offers training so that Federal agencies can incorporate
SGML during their authoring process.
Use of this standardized data structure provides a coherent and unambiguous syntax for describing the elements
of information in the textual data and delineating the inter-relationships between those elements, thus providing a
greatly enhanced search and retrieval capability.
2. Software Procurement
A notice was published in the Commerce Business Daily on August 18, 1993, announcing that GPO would
procure an off-the-shelf build engine and retrieval software site license for use in electronically disseminating
Government publications. This software was to be used to produce CD-ROMs and online interactive databases
from SGML-structured files.
A Request for Proposal (RFP) to procure this software was issued in mid-November 1993.   A pre-proposal
conference was held in December 1993. Although the RFP solicited commercially available software, GPO
recognized that the procured software might require substantial customization for these particular applications
and issued an amendment in March 1994, addressing these and other issues raised during the pre-proposal
conference. Proposals were received in mid-May 1994, and a contract for SGML-based build/search/retrieval
software was awarded to OpenText Corporation on November 3, 1995.
A provision of the contract allows 90 days for delivery of CD-ROM retrieval software which employs the same
user interface and search conventions as those used in searching the online databases. This will permit users to
employ the same criteria for searching both media, while obtaining like results. Training in the use of this
software began December 18, 1995, for selected GPO employees.
3. SGML-Based Interactive Search and Retrieval
In addition to providing a greatiy enhanced search and retrieval capability, five additional features of the Phase
II service are regarded as very important. The SGML database, structure will permit:
* Creation of databases at the authoring stage that are suitable for publication via conventional or demand
printing methods, online interactive access and CD-ROMs, without the need for GPO to rnanimilate the
data to produce one product or die other, and with the online and CD-ROM versions capable of
employing the same user interface.
IS
Incorporation of data from one publication into another with a different printed format (such as Bills
into die Congressional Record or Federal Register documents into the CFR) without manipulation.
* GPO to eliminate the need to re-key and proofread publication data, because it makes it possible for
publishing customers to submit validated, machine-readable data.
� Automated composition (print on demand) of data extracted from electronically disseminated databases
in the same format as the 'official'' printed publication, or in a variety formats) chosen by me user.
�        Exponential increases in the amount of Federal information that can be made available electronically to
the public, if a conforming database is specified as a deliverable in future oornmercially-procured
printrng^informauoc products, along with other requirements.
3.       Alternative Forms of Dissemination
CD-ROM publications may be used to provide archival copies of the data from the Online Interactive Service
and/or to serve users who cannot or do not choose to use the online services. These CD-ROMs will employ the
same user interface as the Online Interactive Service, thus reducing retraining of users who do use both formats.
X.     COSTS AND FINANCING
Although no appropriations were made directly for the development of GPO Access, appropriations made to
publishing agencies are available to create databases, maintain information in electronic formats, and otherwise
participate in the GPO Access services. In the absence of appropriations to cover the other costs for maintaining
the system and providing services to users, GPO must recover all such costs from the fees charged for its
services and from the funds appropriated for the Federal Depository Library Program. Revenue from these
sources totaled $92,400 in FY 1994 and $1,598,548 in FY 1995.
1. Sources of Funding
GPO is a self-supporting agency, receiving fees for its production and procurement services to Congress and
Federal agencies and for its sale of Government information to the public. Publishing agencies, including the
Congress, have paid, and generally will continue to pay, the "first copy" or development costs, as they do with
current paper and CD-ROM products. This means that agencies have a very substantial voice in deciding on the
content and characteristics of the services that GPO offers.
The Legislative Branch Appropriation includes funding for Congress' printing and binding through the annual
Congressional Printing & Binding (CP&B) appropriation. It also provides funding for four programs, including
the Federal Depository Library Program, through the annual Salaries & Expenses (S&E) appropriation. The
appropriate congressional database development costs are being charged to CP&B. The expenses for Federal
depository library use of the GPO Access services were charged to the S&E appropriation during FY 1994 and
FY 1995.
During FY 1994 and FY 1995, when information was disseminated through the GPO Access services, me
incremental cost of dissemination was recovered from the recipients or, in the case of the Federal depository
libraries, from the S&E appropriation provided to the Superintendent of Documents for mat program. This
included any costs necessary for maintaining the system; providing user support; training and documentation;
and software licensing fees, as well as general and adrmnistrative expenses.
16
The law requires mat the GPO Access services be self-sustaining. As a result, the selection of publications and
services to be offered will partially depend on:
* The willingness of publishing agencies to fund development of, and public access to, these services.
* The continued availability of funding for the Federal Depository Library Program to disseminate GPO
Access services to the depository libraries and the public.
As currently occurs with other print and electronic publications, reimbursement for development
costs incurred by GPO will come from fees paid to GPO by the publishing agencies or from the
FDLP.
2.       Pricing of Current and Future Services
GPO priced the online services at the estimated "incremental cost" as directed by law. GPO Access
has reached full cost recovery; however, approximately 80% of the revenue was from subscriptions
for Federal depository libraries purchased using the S&E appropriation. On December 1, 1995,
Public Printer Michael F. DiMario announced that the public could have free access to GPO Access
services, directly from GPO or at or through a Federal depository library.
When GPO Access began in June, 1994, GPO set up a subscription service. Rapid changes in
technology and policy decisions promoting free access to government information made this
subscription-based method of operation impractical and costly. GPO has taken steps to make it
easier for the public to get government information online over the GPO Access service. It is now
clear that no-charge access without the need for a subscription or registration promotes public use
and reduces administrative costs. An increasing number of citizens are using the Internet to get
information. Requiring subscriptions and computer addresses created artificial barriers and
inhibited public access.
Under the subscription service, the incremental cost of dissemination was charged to subscribers.
By far, the largest number of subscriptions went to Federal depository libraries, whose fees were
paid by the Superintendent of Documents Salaries and Expense (S&E) appropriation. Other users
paid for their own subscriptions. Because government information can now be obtained at no
charge through various alternative sources, including the gateways sponsored by Federal
depository libraries, the relatively small proportion of subscribers who paid their own fees was
expected to disappear. Furthermore, the subscription service created substantial costs for taking
orders, billing renewals, recording users' Internet Protocol addresses, maintaining customer
information, and providing customer consultation and assistance.
GPO does not pay user telecommunications costs. Access via the Internet is growing rapidly.
Depository libraries in many states are providing "gateway" connections, permitting public access
with a local phone call for those who have modems. People without the appropriate computer .
equipment or skills can use GPO Access by visiting a depository library.
17
Providing general access at no-charge does not increase GPO appropriation requirements. It
provides a proper incentive for agencies to publish in cost-effective electronic formats and
eliminates certain administrative costs inherent in the earlier system. The net result of this action
is dramatically reduced costs per transaction, as access is expanded. Information is more equitably
available to educational institutions, public libraries, and others with limited resources.
3. Development Expenditures and Operating Costs
Capital expenditures for equipment and software for GPO Access (the Locator, the Online
Interactive Service, and the Storage Facility) amounted to $133,100 in FY 1994 and $171,500 in
FY 1995.  In addition, there was a one time expense of $380,000 in FY 1994 for the Prototype
Locator Contract. Total GPO operating expenditures for FY 1994 were $563,600 and for FY 1995
were $1,222,700. Publishing agencies incurred additional expenses in developing databases for the
online services and participating in the Locator Service.
4. Benefits and Savings from Dissemination of Electronic Information
Distribution of paper documents by the Document Sales Program and the Federal Depository
Library Program has been declining for several years as agencies decrease their print publications
and increase their electronic publications. While it is impossible to calculate exact savings to GPO
and other government agencies, and to the public, an analysis of the Federal Register subscriptions
confirms the trend. When the Federal Register Online via GPO Access was introduced in June,
1994, there were 19,775 subscriptions to die paper Federal Register. The price for a paper
subscription was $490 per year while the price for an annual subscription through GPO Access was
only $375, a difference of $115. By September, 1995, subscriptions to the online Federal Register
had reached 3,725 workstations and the paper subscriptions had dropped to 17,320 subscriptions.
This indicates that online service has expanded access to the Federal Register to individuals who
did not have subscriptions to the paper copies as well as replacing some paper subscriptions.
Between August, 1994, and December, 1995, there were approximately 620,000 searches of the
online Federal Register, resulting in the retrieval of 2.9 million Federal Register documents. If one
assumes that a search equates to the acquisition of a single issue of the Register, then GPO Access
delivered the equivalent of 620,000 single issues which would have cost almost $5 million, at $8
each, if delivered as paper copies. These statistics also confirm that many individuals want only
selected documents from the Federal Register, which can be most easily accomplished through
electronic dissemination.
Net savings in terms of reduced distribution of paper copies, if any, as a result of online
dissemination may not be realized for several years. Cost reductions due to electronic formats,
including CD-ROM, can be substantial for individual publications, if paper copies are eliminated.
Making information contained in government electronic databases available online promotes equity
and accessibility in information dissemination. Data is available online nationwide substantially
before paper copies can be distributed. Benefits accrue to the users in terms of increased
productivity and timely access to information as well as through reduced storage costs.
CD-ROM and other electronic formats are continuing to replace paper publications and are being
used to disseminate information never published in paper formats. Certain publications that
would have been prohibitively expensive to produce in paper are being published as CD-ROMs.
Given the cost advantage per volume of data afforded by CD-ROM over traditional paper
alternatives, efficiency in information dissemination is greatly increased by the growing use of CD-
ROM.
18
Microfiche publications presently account for about 60 percent of depository library distributions.
The use of electronic dissemination will begin to replace microfiche in FY 1996. In the early years
of implementation, the savings will be minimal, if any. Much of the potential savings as compared
with paper copies, have already been realized through the use of microfiche.
In the longer term, significant savings may be possible, even for publications presently distributed
only in microfiche format, as the government moves toward implementation of Standard
Generalized Markup Language (SGML) format. Creation of databases in SGML format will
facilitate the storage, search, and retrieval of data. SGML will allow microfiche formats as well as
paper to be replaced with online full text that can be accessed just when needed. These trends,
which are driven by the pace of technology, should eventually result in reduced dissemination costs
and increased services.
19
LIST OF EXHIBITS
Exhibit A: Legislative History of Public Law 103-40
Exhibit B: Current Equipment Configuration for the GPO Access Service
Exhibit C: GPO Access Now Free! (Press Release, December 1, 1995)
Exhibit D: List of Databases Available Online Via GPO Access as of December 1, 1995
Exhibit E:        Federal Register Page with Instructions for Free Online Access;
ACFR Resohition Supporting Free Public Access
Exhibit F:        Congressional Record Page with Instructions for Free Online Access
Exhibit G:        Sample Screens from the GPO World Wide Web Site
Exhibit H:        1994 Federal Technology Leadership Award (Press Release, November 18,1994);
1995 James Madison Award (Press Release, March 15, 1995)
Exhibit I:
Federal Depository Libraries Sponsoring GPO Access Gateways
Exhibit A:
Legislative History of Public Law 103-40
Legislative History of Public Law 103-40
[S. 564] June 8, 1993,107 Stat. 112, 44 USC � 4101-
Government Printing Office
Electronic Information Access Enhancement Act of 1993
Legislative History citations:
103d Congress
S. 564 Government Printing Office Electronic Information Access Enhancement Act of 1993
March 11, 1993, Congressional Record, p. S2781-, introductory statement by Mr. Ford
March 18, 1993, Senate Report 103-27, Committee on Rules and Administration
March 22, 1993, Congressional Record, p. S3383-, considered and passed Senate
May 25, 1993, House Report 103-108, Committee on House Administration
May 25, 1993, Congressional Record, p. H2771- , considered and passed House   -
June 8, 1993, Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, vol. 29, p. 1043, President's
Statement on Signing
Parallel bill:
H.R. 1328 Government Printing Office Electronic Information Access Enhancement Act of 1993
March 11, 1993, Congressional Record, p. H1231, introduced by Rep. Rose
April 1, 1993, House Report 103-51, Committee on House Adrninistration
Precursor bills:
102d Congress
H.R. 5983 Government Printing Office Electronic Information Access Enhancement Act of 1992
September 22, 1992, Congressional Record, p. H8965, introduced by Rep. Rose; p. E2737, statement
September 29, 1992, House Report 102-933, Committee on House Administration
September 29, 1992, Congressional Record, p. H9683, passed in House; received in Senate, referred
to Committee on Rules
S. 2813 GPO Gateway to Government Act of 1992
June 4, 1992, Congressional Record, p. S7599, introduced by Sen. Gore, statement
July 23, 1992, Jobt Hearing on S. 2813 and H.R. 2772, Senate Cornmittee on Rules and Committee
on House Administration
H.R. 2772 GPO Wide Information Network for Cndine Act of 1991 ("WTNDO")
June 26, 1991, Congressional Record, introduced by Rep. Rose (37 cosponsors)
April 8, 1992, Congressional Record, p. H2465, statement by Mr. Owens on National Library Week,
discussing W1NDO bill and inserting American Library Association Fact Sheet
July 23, 1992, Joint Hearing on H.R, 2772 and S. 2813, Committee on House Administration and
Senate Committee on Rules
101st Congress
H.R. 3849 Government Printing Office Improvement Act of 1990
January 24, 1990, Congressional Record, p. E35, statement on introduction by Jim Bates,
January 23, 1990
March 7-8, 1990, Hearings on H.R. 3849, Subcommittee on Procurement and Printing, Committee
on House Administration
Other Background:
Hearing, Joint Committee on Printing, New Technology and the Government Printing Office, S. Hrg. 102-
June 19, July 24, 1991
Hearing, Joint Committee on Printing, Government Information as a Public Asset, S. Hrg. 102-114, April
1991
Hearings, Subcommittee on Procurement and Printing, Committee on House Administration, 'Tide 44 U.S.
Review', May 23-24, June 28-29, 1989
Informing the Nation: Federal Information Dissemination in an Electronic Age. United States Congress,
of Technology Assessment, October 1988
Provision of Federal Government Publications in Electronic Format to Depository Libraries. Report of the
Hoc Committee on Depository Library Access to Federal Automated Data Bases to the Joint Co
on Printing, S. Prt. 98-260, December 1984
Legislative Branch Appropriations Hearings, Part 2, testimony, various years
Exhibit B:
Current Equipment Configuration for the GPO Access Service
Current Equipment Configuration for the GPO Access Service
Access Room
Telecommunications Room
(INTERNET, Rev. 12-19-95, Szymczak)
Exhibit C:
GPO Access Now Free!
(Press Release, December 1,1995)
News
Release
For Release:IMM EDlATE
Contaa: 202-512-1991
No. 95-33
December 1,1995 no. 95-33
GPO ACCESS NOW FREE!
GOVERNMENT INFORMATION AVAILABLE TO INTERNET/DIAL-IN USERS
The U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO) announces free use of its award-
winning GPO Access online service beginning December 1, 1995. All Internet and
dial-in users can now receive electronically, at no charge, the Congressional Record.
Federal Register, congressional bills, and a growing list of important government
documents on the same day of publication.
"We believe the public should have timely access to vital information about the
activities of their government without charge," says head of the GPO, Public Printer
Michael F. DiMario. "This service is made possible through the congressional funding
of the Federal Depository Library Program at a time when more and more citizens are
receiving their information by computer."
The GPO Access service was created by an Act of Congress in 1993 and went
online in June 1994. The service earned the 1994 Federal Technology Leadership
Award and a 1995 James Madison Award sponsored by the Coalition on Government
Information.
Until now, GPO Access has been free only to users on-site in some 600 of the
Nation's nearly 1,400 Federal Depository Libraries and to remote users connecting
through over 20 depository library "gateways." It was available to others on a
subscription basts for a low fee. Under the new program, the subscription fee has
been dropped and refunds of unused portions will be sent to current subscribers.
DiMario emphasizes that depository libraries will continue as an essential link
between GPO Access and the public. "Citizens lacking either computers or computer
skills can visit a local depository for assistance," he explains.
The new system now gives equal and free access to those utilizing a depository
library and to those who are linked already by dial-up or Internet connections to
electronic information. As the Federal Depository Library Program becomes more
electronic in nature, additional databases will be available through GPO Access. Since
its creation in 1994, the number of databases offered online via GPO Access has
increased from seven to more than two dozen.
Government databases can be reached via the Internet or by dial-in through a
modem.
Internet users can access the databases with a World Wide Web
browser through the Superintendent of Documents' home page at:
http://www.access.gpo.gov/su--docs/ or with WAIS client software.
Internet users can also telnet to swais.access.gpo.gov; then
login as guest.
Dial-in users should use a modem to call 202-512-1661; type
swais and then login as guest.
In more than 20 States, users with modems can connect to GPO Access through
depository library "gateways" with a local phone call. Listings of depository libraries
and "gateways" can be found on the Superintendent of Documents' home page.
General information on accessing these databases is available by:
e-mail-help@eids05.eids.gpo.gov
phone - 202-512-1530
fax - 202-512-1262
Questions about the GPO Access service can also be directed to a nearby Federal
Depository Library. At least one such library is located in each congressional district.
Exhibit D:
List of Databases Online Via GPO Access
As of December 1,1995
List of Databases Online Via GPO Access
As of December 1,1995
The GPO Access databases required by Public Law 103-40 are the Congressional Record and the Federal
Register, which includes the Unified Agenda. As of December 1, 1995, the following additional databases were
available online via GPO Access:
Congressional Bills Online via GPO Access
The Congressional Bills databases contain all published versions of Congressional Bills from the 103d
Congress (1993-1994) and 104th Congress (1995-1996). All bills are available as both ASCII text and
Adobe Acrobat Portable Document Format (PDF) files.
Congressional Documents Online via GPO Access
The Congressional Documents database contains a selection of House, Senate and Treaty Documents for
the 104th Congress (1995-1996). Documents are available as bom ASCII text and Adobe Acrobat
Portable Document Format (PDF) files.
Congressional Directory Online via GPO Access
The Congressional Directory database contains the full text of Congressional Directory, 1995-1996
(Senate Publication 104-14, revised). Documents are available as both ASCII and Adobe Acrobat
Portable Document Format (PDF) files.
Congressional Reports Online via GPO Access
The Congressional Reports database contains all published House, Senate and Executive Reports for the
104th Congress (1995-1996). Reports are available as both ASCII text and Adobe Acrobat Portable
Document Format (PDF) files.
Economic Indicators Online via GPO Access
The Economic Indicators database contains Economic Indicators for the 104th Congress from April
1995 forward. Documents are available as both ASCII text and Adobe Acrobat Portable Document
Format (PDF) Mies.
Congressional Record Index Online via GPO Access
The Congressional Record Index databases contain the cumulative text of the Index for the 102d
Congress, Second Session (Volume 138, 1992), the 103d Congress (Volumes 139-140, 1993-1994) and
the 104th Congress, First Session (Volume 141, 1995). Index entries are available as ASCII text files.
GAO Reports Online via GPO Access
The GAO Reports database contains all published reports for FY 1995, except correspondence and
reports that are restricted or classified. Reports are available as both ASCII text and Adobe Acrobat
Portable Document Format (PDF) files.
Government Manual Online via GPO Access
The Government Manual database contains the text of the Government Manual, 1995-1996. Documents
are available as both ASCII text and Adobe Acrobat Portable Document Format (PDF) files.
History of Bills Online via GPO Access
The History of Bills and Resolutions is a section of the Congressional Record Index. The databases
contain the cumulative text of the History of Bills for the 103d Congress, Second Session (Volume 140,
1994) and the 104th Congress, First Session (Volume 141, 1995). Entries are available as ASCII text
files.
House fttipnriar Online yia GPO Access
The House Calendar database contain the current issue of the House Calendar for the 104th Congress
(1995-1996). Documents are available as both ASCII text and Adobe Acrobat Portable Document
Format (PDF) files.
Public Laws Onhne via GPO Access
The Public Laws databases contains all laws enacted during the 104th Congress (1195-1996).
Individual laws are available as both ASCII text and Adobe Acrobat Portable Document Format (PDF)
files.
Senate Calendar Online via GPO Access
The Senate Calendar database contains the current issue of the Senate Calendar for the 104th Congress
(1995-1996). Documents are available as both ASCII text and Adobe Acrobat Portable Document
Format (PDF) files.
United States Code Online via GPO Access
The United Stales Code database contains the general and permanent laws of the United States in effect
as of January) 1994 or January, 1995 (depending on the Tide). Code sections are available as ASCII
text files. Graphics are provided as separate scanned-image TIFF files. Notification-of a change to a
section of the United States Code will usually occur within five business days of the enactment of the
law; the text of a revision is incorporated as the annual bound volumes are published.
Exhibit E:
Federal Register Page with Instructions for Free Online Access;
ACFR Resolution Supporting Free Public Access
II
Federal Register / Vol. 60, No. 231 / Friday, December 1, 1995
FEDERAL REGISTER Published daily, Monday through Friday,
(not published on Saturdays, Sundays, or on official holidays), by
the Office of the Federal Register. National Archives and Records
Administration, Washington, DC 20408, under the Federal Register
Act (49 Stat. 500, as amended; 44 U.S.C, Ch. 15) and the
regulations of the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register
(1 CFR Ch. I). Distribution is made only by the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC
20402.
The Federal Register provides a uniform system for making
available to the public regulations and legal notices issued by
Federal agencies. These include Presidential proclamations and
Executive Orders and Federal agency documents having general
applicability and legal effect, documents required to be published
by act of Congress and other Federal agency documents of public
interest. Documents are on file for public inspection in the Office
of the Federal Register the day before they are published, unless
earlier filing is requested by the issuing agency.
The seal of the National Archives and Records Administration
authenticates this issue of the Federal Register as the official serial
publication established under the Federal Register Act. 44 U.S.C.
1507 provides that the contents of the Federal Register shall be
judicially noticed.
The Federal Register is published in paper, 24x microfiche and as
an online database through GPO Access, a service of the U.S.
Government Printing Office. The online database is updated by 6
a.m. each day the Federal Register is published. The database
includes both text and graphics from Volume 59, Number 1
(January 2, 1994) forward. Free public access is available on a
Wide Area Information Server (WAIS) through the Internet and via
asynchronous dial-in. Internet users can access the database by
using the World Wide Web; the Superintendent of Documents
home page address is http://www.access.gpo.gov/su--docs/, by
using local WAIS client software, or by telnet to
swais.access.gpo.gov, then login as guest, (no password required).
Dial-in users should use communications software and modem to
call (202) 512-1661; type swais. then login as guest (no password
required). For general information about GPO Access, contact the
GPO Access User Support Team by sending Internet fr-mail to
help@eids05.eidsgpo.gov; by faxing to (202) 512-1262; or by
calling (202) 512-1530 between 7 a.m. and 5 p.m. Eastern time,
Monday-Friday, except for Federal holidays.
The annual subscription price for the Federal Register paper
edition is $494. or 1544 for a combined Federal Register. Federal
Register Index and List of CFR Sections Affected (LSA)
subscription; the microfiche edition of the Federal Register
including the Federal Register Index and LSA is $433, Six month
subscriptions are available for one-half the annual rate. The charge
for individual copies in paper form is $8.00 for each issue, or $8.00
for each group of pages as actually bound; or $1.50 for each issue
in microfiche form. All prices include regular domestic postage
and handling. International customers please add 25% for foreign
handling. Remit check or money order, made payable to the
Superintendent of Documents, or charge to your GPO Deposit
Account. VISA or MasterCard. Mail to: New Orders,
Superintendent of Documents. P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA
15250-7954.
There are no restrictions on the republication of material appearing
in the Federal Register.
How To Cite This Publication: Use the volume number and the
page number. Example: 60 FR 12345.
SUBSCRIPTIONS AND COPIES
PUBLIC
Subscriptions:
Paper or fiche 202-512-1800
Assistance with public subscriptions 512-1806
General online information 202-512-1530
Single copies/back copies:
Paper or fiche 512-1800
Assistance with public single copies 512-1803
FEDERAL AGENCIES
Subscriptions:
Paper or fiche 523-5243
Assistance with Federal agency subscriptions 523-5243
For other telephone numbers, see the Reader Aids section
at the end of this issue.
THE FEDERAL REGISTER
WHAT IT IS AND HOW TO USE IT
FOR:     Any person who uses the Federal Register and Code of Federal
Regulations.
WHO:    Sponsored by the Office of the Federal Register.
WHAT:   Free public briefings (approximately 3 hours) to present:
1. The regulatory process, with a focus on the Federal Register
system and the public's role in the development of
regulations.
2. The relationship between the Federal Register and Code of
Federal Regulations.
3. The important elements of typical Federal Register
documents.
4. An introduction to the finding aids of the FR/CFR system.
WHY:     To provide the public with access to information necessary to
research Federal agency regulations which directly affect them.
There will be no discussion of specific agency regulations.
WASHINGTON, DC
WHEN: December 5 at 9:00 am
WHERE: Office of the Federal Register Conference
Room, 800 North Capitol Street, NW�
Washington, DC (3 blocks north of Union
Station Metro)
RESERVATIONS: 202-523-4538
LONG BEACH, CA
WHEN: December 12, 1995 at 9:00 am
WHERE: Glenn M. Anderson Federal Building.
Conference Room�Room 3470, 501 West
Ocean Boulevard, Long Beach. CA 90802
RESERVATIONS: 310-980-3447
SEATTLE, WA
[Two Sessions]
WHEN: December 13, 1995 at 9:00 am and 1:00 pm
WHERE: National Archives�Pacific Northwest
Region, Conference Room, 6125 Sand Point
Way, NE., Seattle, WA 98115
RESERVATIONS: 206-526-6507
0
Printed on recycled paper containing 100% pott consumer waste
2
ACFR Resolution Supporting Free Public Access
The Administrative Committee of the Federal Register (ACFR) met on December 12, 1995, at the National
Archives, and passed the following resolution:
Resolved,
That the Adniinistrative Committee of the Federal Register supports die availability of online access to
electronic databases of the Federal Register, the Code of Federal Regulations and other publications
authorized by the ACFR at no charge to the user; and that to improve Governmental efficiency,
recipients of official copies of these publications should review their requirements for reductions in the
number of paper copies distributed as online access is made available.
Exhibit F:
Congressional Record Page With Instructions for Free Online Access
D1414
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD � DAILY DIGEST December 4, 1995
Next Meeting of the SENATE
9:30 a.m., Tuesday, December 5
Senate Chamber
Program for Tuesday: Senate will consider the conference re-
port on H.R. 1058, Securities Litigation.
(Senate will recess from 12:30 p.m. until Z:15 p.m. for respective
party conferences.)
Next Meeting of the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
12:30 p.m., Tuesday, December 5
House Chamber
Program for Tuesday: Consideration of the following 11 Sus-
pensions:
1. H.R. 826, Big Thicket National Preserve Land Exchange;
2. H.R. 2336. Amending the Doug Barnard. Jr. 1996 At-
lanta Centennial Olympic Games Commemorative Coin Act;
3. H.R. 2614, Commemorative Coin Authorization and Re-
form Act of 1995;
4. H.R. 308, Hopewell Township Investment Act of 1995;
5. H.R. 255, Designating the James Lawrence King Federal
Justice Building;
6. H.R. 395, Designating the Bruce R. Thompson U.S.
Courthouse and Federal Building;
7. H.R. 653, Designating the Thurgood Marshall U.S.
Courthouse;
8. H.R. 840, Designating the Walter B. Jones Federal
Building arjd U.S. Courthouse;
9. H.R. 869, Designating the Thomas D. Lambros Federal
Building and U.S. Courthouse;
10. H.R. 965, Designating the Romano L. Mazzoli Federal
Building;
11. H.R. 1804, Designating the Judge Isaac C Parker Fed-
eral Building; and
Consideration of H.R. 1350, Maritime Security Act of 1995
(open rule).
Extensions of Remarks, as inserted in this issue
HOUSE
Gundenon. Steve. Wis., E22S0
Heineman. Fred, N.C., EIZ79
Pelosl. Nancy. Calif., E227B
Solomon. Gerald B.H.. NY.. �2279
Wax man. Henry A., Calif.. E22BO
^sLio^cts'    a�------. ---------_ I    ran------J pu[,iic proceedings of each House of Congress, as reported by
Congressional Uerard
the Official Reporters thereof, are printed pursuant to directions
of the Joint Committee on Printing as authoriied by appropriate
provisions of Title 4*. United States Code, and published for each day that one or both Houses are in session, excepting very
infrequent instances when two or more unusually small consecutive issues are printed at one time. IPublic access to
the Congressional Record is available online through CPO Access, a service of the Government Printing Office, free of charge to the user
The online database is updated each day the Congressional Record is published. The database Includes both text and graphics from the
beginning of the 103d Congress, 2d session (January 1994) forward. It is available on the Wide Area Information Server (WAIS) through the
Internet and via asynchronous dial-in. Internet users can access the database by using the World Wide Web; the Superintendent of
Documents home page address is http://www.access.gpo.gov/su--docs, by using local WAIS client software or by telnet to
swais.access.gpo.gov, then login as guest (no password required). Dial-in users should use communications software and modern to call (202)
512-1661: type swais. then login as guest (no password required). For general information about CPO Access, contact the CPO Access User
Support Team by sending Internet e-mail to help@eids05.eids.gpo.gov, or a fax to (202) 512-1262; or by calling (20Z) 512-1530 between 7 a.m. and
5 p.m. Eastern time. Monday through Friday, except for Federal holidays. IThe Congressional Record paper and 24x microfiche will be
furnished by mail to subscribers, free of postage, at the following prices: paper edition, S11Z.S0 for six months, S225 per year, or purchased for
11.50 per issue, payable in advance; microfiche edition, �113 per year, or purchased for 11.50 per issue payable in advance. The semimonthly
Congressional Record Index may be purchased for the same per issue prices. Remit check or money order, made payable to the
Superintendent of Documents, directly to the Government Printing Office, Washington. D.C. ZMOZ. lFollowing each session of Congress, the
daily Congressional Record is revised, printed, permanently bound and sold by the Superintendent of Documents in individual parts or by
sets. 1 With the exception of copyrighted articles, there are no restrictions on the republication of material from the Congressional Record.
Exhibit G:
Sample Screens from the GPO World Wide Web Site
Sample Screens from the GPO World Wide Web Site
List of sample screens from the GPO World Wide Web site:
GPO Home Page (http://www.access.gpo.gov)
Superintendent of Documents' Home Page (/su docs/)
Superintendent of Documents' Services to the Public (/su_docs/amiss001.h__)
Electronic Information: Online, On-Demand and Locator Services (/su_docs/aces/aaces001.hm_)
Connect to Databases Online via GPO Access (/su_doc�/aces/aares002.html)
1995 Federal Register (/su_dbcs/aces/acesl40.htr_l)
1995 Congressional Record (/su_docs/aces/acesl50.html)
Connect to GPO Access ... Through a Federal Depository library Gateway (/su_docs/aces/aaces004.html)
GPO Access Federal Locator Services (/su_docs/aces/aces700.html)
Pathway to Government Information {/su_docs/�ces/aces760. html)
GPO Access On-Demand Delivery Services {/sudocs/aces/ aacesSOO. html)
Information Available for Free Public Use in Federal Depository Libraries (/sudocs/dpos/adposOOl.btrnl)
Locate Federal Depository Libraries by State or Area Code (/su_docs/dpos/adpos003.html)
Identify Information Available in Federal Depository Libraries (/su_docs/dpos/adpos400.hnnl)
Identify Information Available in Federal Depository libraries (/su_docsydpos/adpos430.html)
Monthly Catalog Search Results (Generated in Response to Query)
Locate Federal Depository Libraries by State or Area Code (Generated in Response to Query)
Inforaiaiion for Sale by the Superintendent of Documents {/sudocs/sale/saleOOl .html)
Location of U.S. Government Bookstores by City (/sudocs/sale/abkstOOl .html)
U.S. Government Bookstore Denver, Colorado (/su_docs/sale/abk_fi09.hnnl)
The address for the GPO World Wide Web site is http://www.access.gpo.gov; mis retrieves the GPO Home
Page. Specific screens, other man search results, can be addressed directly by adding the phrase in parentheses
after each page listed above, or by following the menu choices.
Welcome to the U.S. Government Printing Office Home Page
About the Government Printing Office
Access to Federal Government Publications
Superintendent of Documents
GPO Access: On-line. On-Demand Sc. Locator Services
Information Available for Free Public use in federal Depository Libraries
Information for Sale
Congress of the United States
Department of Interior Office of Inspector General '^BR^&
General Accounting Office
National Archives and Records Administration's Office of the Federal Register
Office of Management and Budget
Office of Technology Assessment
State Department
Services Available to Federal Agencies _
Printing and Binding (Under Construction) �aiimax
Electronic Prepress and Document Creation
Institute for Federal Printing and Publishing
Business and Contracting Opportunities
Printing Procurement
Materials Management Service
Navigation Aids
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact wwwadmin@www^ccess.gpo.gov
Page #INDEX DECEMBER 13,1995
Welcome to the Superintendent of Documents' Home Page on the U.S. Government Printing
Office Web Site
The Pathway to Federal Government Information
Electronic Information: Online. On-Demand & Locator Services
Search the full text of the Federal Register, Congressional Record, Congressional Bills and other Federal
government information online via GPO Access. Locate and download electronic iRfbrrnation from numerous
Federal agencies.
Information Available for Free Public Use in Federal Depository Libraries
Identify Federal government information available at or through any of 1,400 Federal Depository Libraries located
throughout the country.
Information for Sale bv the Superintendent of Documents
Purchase books, maps, posters, periodicals and electronic iruormation products from numerous Federal agencies.
Find the nearest U.S. Government Bookstore or connect to the electronic Consumer Information Catalog.
Superintendent of Documents' Services to the Public
The Superintendent of Documents keeps Americans informed about the activities of their Government by providing
free or low-cost access to information published by the U.S. Congress, Federal agencies and the Federal courts.
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact the GPO Access User Support Team
by Internet e-mail at helptipeidsOS. eids.gpo. gov, by telephone at 202-512-1530; or by fax at 202-512-1262.
Beta
3.D
Page #AHOME001 June 15,1995
Superintendent of Document!' Services to the Public
The Superintendent of Documents keeps Americans informed about the activities of their Government by providing free or low-cost access
to information published by U.S. Congress, Federal agencies and die Federal courts.
This mission is achieved through four major programs:
[^| Online Information Via GPO Access Services
The Federal Register, Congressional Record. Congressional Bills and other Federal government mformatjon are available online
via GPO Access, a service of the U.S. Government Printing Office.
iVlThe Federal Depositary Library Program
You may have free access to Government information by visiting one of the approximately 1,400 Federal Depository Libraries
located throughout the country. Online information is available on site and through Depository Library Gateways.
[jT|Th� Documents Sales Program
You may purchase books, periodicals and electronic information products from the Documents Sales Service by mail, phone or
fax, or by visiting one of 24 U.S. Government Bookstores nationwide.
fFlThe Consumer Information Program
You may order free or lew-price consumer publications from the GPCs Public Documents Distribution Center in Pueblo, CO.
liaformaiion is provided by the Consumer Information Center of the Genera] Services Administration.
itions or comments about this service? Contact help@eids05.eids.gpo.gov.
Page#AMlSS001 June IS, 1995
GPO Access
Keeping America
^-x�^-:-:-^Informed Electronically
Electronic Information: Online, On-Demand and Locator Services Through GPO Access
The Federal Register, Congressional Record, Congressional Bills and other Federal government information are available online via GPO
Access, a service of the U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO). Public access is available through the Federal Depository Library, or
directly from GPO.
[f\ Connection to the Online Databases
[^Description of the Online Databases
|P| Access methods for Online Databases
QT|Free Public Access Through a Federal Depository Library Gateway
[jT]Frec Public Access On Site at a Federal Depository Library
|P GPO Access Federal Locator Services
fp~| GPO Access On-Demand Delivery Services
Questions or comments about this service? Contact help@eids05.eids.gpo.gov.
Page #AACES001 December 1,1995
GPO Access
Keeping America
^-X���-:-^Informed Electronically
Connect to Databases Online via GPO Access
Select databases and enter searches below. Access is also available through Federal Depository Library Gateways or on-site at a Federal
Depository Library. Helpful Hints provide instructions for searching the databases.
Advanced searches are currently supported for three databases: 1995 Federal Register. 1995 Congressional Record; and the GAP Reports
database. Fields in these databases make it possible to perform more specific (advanced) searches, such as limiting results by date or by
section of the Register or Record, but are specific to the individual datahasfw.
For simple searches select one OR MORE databases from the list below;
Congressional Record Index (1992)
Congressional Record Index (1993)
Congressional Record Index (1994)
Congressional Record Index (1995)
Congressional Reports, 104th Congress
Economic Indicators, 104th Congress
Federal Register, Volume 59 (1994)
I-cJcniI Rouisicr. Volume 6(> i I W>)
Enter search terms in the space below. Phrases must be in quotation marks (""). The operators ADJ (adjacent), AND, OR and NOT can be
used, but must be capital letters. For example: "environmental protection agency" AND superfund. Word roots can be searched using an
asterisk ( * ) following the word stem. For example: legislai* will retrieve both legislation and legislative. Additional instructions and
examples.
Maximum Records Returned:
40
Default is 40. Maximum is 200.
Search Terms:
SUBMIT
CLEAR
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact the GPO Access User Support Team
bv Internet e-mail aihelp(3)eidd/yy):
Date Range: From
to
OR
@ OnQ) BEFORE Q> AFTER
SUBMIT
CLEAR
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact the GPO Access User Support Team
by Internet e-mail at heip(S>etds05. eids. gpo.gov, by telephone at 202-512-1530; or by fax at 202-512-1262.
Page #ACES140 DECEMBER 1,1995 0
Congressional Record
Online via GPO Access
1995 Congressional Record
(Volume 141)
The Congressional Record is the official record of the proceedings and debates of the United Stales Congress. It is published daily when
Congress is in session. Helpful Hints provide instructions for searching the Congressional Record database.
Enter search terms in the space below. Phrases must be in quotation marks (" "). The operators ADJ (adjacent), AND, OR and NOT can be
used, but must be in capital letters. For example: "environmental protection agency" AND superfund. Specific page numbers can be
retrieved using the search "page M234" for House pages or "page si234* for Senate pages. Bill numbers should also be searched as
phrases; for example: "H-R.1234" for a House bill or "S.123" for a Senate bill. Word roots can be searched using an asterisk ( * ) following
the word stem. For example: legislat* will retrieve both legislation and legislative. Additional instructions and examples.
Return to the list of databases available for simple searches. Maximum Records Returned:
40
Default is 40. Maximum is 200.
Congressional Record Sections (Select one or more):
Daily Digest
House Section
Senate Section
~l
Extensions of Remarks
Lobby List
Search Terms:
Issue Date (Enter either a range of dates or a specific date in the format mm/dd/yy):
Date Range: From
to
OR
@ ON0  BEFORE O AFTER
SUBMIT
CLEAR
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact the GPO Access User Support Team
by Internet e-mail at help(a>eids05.eids. gpo. gov, by telephone at 202-512-1530; or by fax at 202-512-1262.
Page #ACES150 DECEMBER 1,1995 ?
Federal
Depository Library
GATEWAYS
Connect to GPO Access Online Databases Through A Federal Depository Library Gateway
GPO Access databases are also accessible directly from GPO or on-site at a Federal Depository Library
[El Auburn University State Library fWWW)
Instructions for using the Auburn University Library Gateway Service
North Carolina State University Libraries Gateway
Instructions for using the North Carolina State University Libraries Gateway
[�] Oklahoma State University (WWW)
Instructions for using the (Oklahoma State University) Oklahoma Gateway Service
[�] Purdue University fWWWi
Instructions for using the Purdue University Gateway Service
[p"|Renne Library. Montana State Unrversitv-Bozeman
Instructions for using the Renne Library, Montana State University-Bozeman
fflSAILOR-Marvland's Online Public Information Network fWWWl
Instructions for using SAILOR - Maryland's Online Public Information Network
JP| University of California (WWW)
Instructions for using the University of California Gateway Service ,
[g] University of Tennessee. Knorville (WWW)
Instructions for using the University of Tennessee, Knoxville Libraries
fP| University of New Mexico. Zimmerman Library ("WWW)
Instructions for using the University of New Mexico, Zimmerman Library Gateway
[^University of North Carolina fLvnrt
Instructions for using the University of North Carolina Gateway Service
fj]WINSLO-Web Information Network. State Library of Ohio (WWW)
Dec 27 1995 htto^/www.access.gpo.gov/su--dor^accs/aaccsO04.html
Instructions for using the WTNSLO, Web hu^oniunon Network, State Library of Ohio
[^Gateways Offering SWA1S Access via Telnet and Gopher
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact the GPO Access User Support Team
by Internet e-mail at kelpSieidaOS.eias. mo. gov, by telephone at 202-512-1530; or by fax at 202-S12-1262.
nwi fpifrSi rcTssi
Page #AACES004 DECEMBER 19,1995 MDBO~
Dec 27 1995
http*y/www.aece^.gpo.gov/su_docs/aces^aaces0u4.htnil
GPO Access
Keeping America
/o.:�-=-:-x-:\Iiiformed Electronically
GPO Access Federal Locator Services
Through its Federal Locator Services GPO offers a Pathway to Government buormatkm, much of which is available to the public without
cost The following Pathway services identify and locate Federal government publications, subscriptions and electronic resources on topics
of interest
^Information Available for Free Public Use in Federal Depository Libraries
j^l Department of Energy Reports Available for Free Public Use in Federal Depository Libraries
^Information for Sale bv the Superintendent of Documents
rjP|ConsumerlTifonT"itirin ratalnp; (Free and Low Cost Government Publications)
jJ^jThe Federal Bulletin Board (Free and Low Cost Government Data On Demand)
j^f Pathway to Other Government Information (Including GILS Records)
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact the GPO Access User Support Team
by Internet e-mail at helDfoeidsOS.eidswoaov. by telephone at 202-512-1530; or by fax at 202-512-1262.
Page #ACES700 August 11,1995
\Informed Electronically
Pathway to Government Information
As part of its Federal Locator Services, GPO is identifying, evaluating and linking to Federal World Wide Web and Gopher sites to create a
pathway through the maze of government information available on the Internet At present this service provides information on a small
number of sites and covers only three topics: Business. Cancer and Solar Energy. These entries are the initial paving stones along a
Pathway that will eventually guide users in searching and discovering government information on a wide variety of topics.
Locate Information Resources Described in Government Information Locator Service (GILS) Records by Using a Keyword Search:
*�] GILS Records
f^J Privacy Acts
Locate Individual Pages on Federal Web Sites by Using a Keyword Search: fUnder Development!
[y] Index of Business Sites
f^jlndex of Cancer Sites
fp"]lndcx of Solar Energy Sites
Review Lists of Federal Web Sites by Topic:
[g Topics A-C
m Topics DO. [Under Development)
fj^j Topics R-T
Topics U-Z [Under Development]
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact the GPO Access User Support Team
by Internet e-mail at heh(SitidsOS.eids. et>o. gov, by telephone at 202-512-1530; or by fax at 202-512-1262.
Page #ACES760 August 11,1995
GPO Access
Keeping America
^Informed Electronically
GPO Access On-Demand Delivery Services
Files from selected CD-ROM titles are available for viewing and downloading as a demonstration. The CD-ROM titles containing these
files arc also available for free on site use in Federal Depository Libraries and for sale from the U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO).
rjT| The Budget of the United States Government fFYl 996) t
fp"] Department of State Country Studies (Background Notes) I
Selected Foreign Affairs Documents from the Department of State Ift^R
Washington Watch
The Federal Register, Congressional Record, Congressional Sills and other Federal government information are available online via GPO
Access and provide on-demand delivery of the major Federal legislative and regulatory documents on the day of publication. Access is
provided through Federal Depository Library Gateways, and on-site at Federal Depository Libraries, Direct Access is also available from
GPO.
The Congressional Record is published daily when Congress is in Session. The Dairy Digest from the most recent issue is available here on
the day of publication. The issue date is always the day before the date of publication.
[f] Daily Digest of the Actions of the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives lj(&J| 87K
also available as ASCII text fffih 22K
The Federal Register is published Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The Contents from the current issue is available here
on the day of publication. The issue date is always the same as the day of publication,
Table of Contents I ij || 25K
also available as ASCII text I
16K
Page #AACES800 December 11,1995
Federal Depository
Library Program
Information Available for Free Public Use in Federal Depository Libraries
There are nearly 1,400 Federal depository libraries located throughout the United States and its territories, at least one in every
Congressional District All provide free public access to a wide variety of Federal government information, in both print and electronic
formats, and have expert staff available to assist users.
jy] Locate Depository Libraries by Stale or Area Code
All depository libraries have government information- Most collections are tailored to meet local community needs and interests.
Locate Regional Depository Libraries by State
Fifty-three regional depository libraries collect and permanently retain all information distributed under the Federal Depository
Library Program.
["?JLocate Electronic Federal Depository Libraries by State or Area Code
Electronic depository libraries provide free public use of the GPO Access online services, either through on site computers or via
Federal Depository Library Gateways.
[El Identify Information Available for Free Public Use in Federal Depository Libraries
Federal government information can be identified by searching the Monthly Catalog of U.S. Government Publications. Once
publications are identified, a further search may identify depository libraries that receive those publications.
["?^Identify Department of Energy Reports Available for Free Public Use in Federal Depository Libraries
Energy information can be identified by searching the DOE Reports Bibliographic Database. Once publications are identified, a
further search may identify depository libraries that receive those publications.
fE1 GPO Access On-Demand Delivery Services
[^] GPO Access Federal Locator Services
Questions or comments about this service? Contact kelp@eids05.eid3.gpo.gov.
Page #ADPOS001 DECEMBER 1,1995
Federal Depository
Library Program
Locate Federal Depository Libraries by State or Area Code
There arc approximately 1,400 Federal depository libraries throughout the United States and its territories, at least one in every
Congressional District All provide free public access to a wide variety of Federal government information in both print and electronic
formats, and have expert staff available to assist users.
Locate the Federal depository libraries in any state or territory by entering one or more 2-lctter U.S. Postal Service codes (state
abbreviations):
For a more specific listing, enter one or more 3-digit telephone area codes.
SUBMIT
CLEAR
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact the GPO Access User Support Team
by Internet e-mail at kelp!3ieids05.eids.evo.zov. by telephone at 202-S12-1530; or by fax at 202-512-1262.
Page #ADPOS003 August 11,1995
Electronic Federal
Depository Libraries
Locate Electronic Federal Depository Libraries by State or Area Code
There are approximately 1,400 Federal depository libraries throughout the United States and its territories, at least one in every
Congressional District All provide free public access to a wide variety of Federal government information in both print and electronic
formats, and have expert stiff available to assist users. Approximately 500 arc certified as electronic Federal depository libraries and provide
GPO Access online services through on site personal computers and terminals. Some of these electronic libraries provide off-site access
through Federal depository library Gateways.
Locate the Federal depository libraries in any state or territory by entering one or more 2-tcttcr U.S. Postal Service codes (state
abbreviations)'.
ID
For a more specific listing, enter one or more 3-digit telephone area codes.
SUBMIT
CLEAR
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact the GPO Access User Support Team
by Internet e-mail at help(3)eids05.tids.vr>o.eov. by telephone at 202-512-1530; or by fax at 202-512-1262.
Page #ADPOS004 August 11,1995
GPO Access
Keeping America
^Informed Electronically
Federal Locator Services
Identify Information Available in Federal Depository Libraries
Most urformftDon available through the Federal Depository Library Program is cataloged by GPO. These cataloging records arc published in
the Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications (MOCAT) and nude available for online searching as part of the GPO
Access Federal Locator services. Once a publication is identified, a link is available to locate depository libraries that receive that publication.
The database contains cataloging records published in MOCAT since January 1994 and is updated daily with preliminary cataloging
records that will be edited and published in future issues of MOCAT.
Select the fields to be searched. Select only fields that will be used. Selected fields cannot be left blank. Once you have selected the fields,
use the SUBMIT button to request a search form. Additional instructions and examples.
Search Full Teat of MOCAT Records
Title
Publication Year
Superintendent of Documents Class Number
Depository Item Number
GPO Sales Stock Number
SUBMIT
CLEAR
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact the GPO Access User Support Team
by Internet e-mail at hetp(a)eids05.aids, gpo. gov, by telephone at 202-512-1530; or by fax at 202-512-1262.
Page 0ADPOS4OO August 11,1995
Dec 26 1995
htto7/www.acccss.gpo.gov/su--docs/dpos/adpos400.html
GPO Access
Federal Locator Services
Identify Information Available in Federal Depository Libraries
Enter search terms in the space below. Phrases must be in quotation marks (" "). The operators ADJ (adjacent), AND, OR and NOT can be
used, but must be capital letters. For example: "foreign affairs" AND "cd-rom". Word roots can be searched using an asterisk (*) following
the word stem. For example: legjslar* will retrieve both legislation and legislative. Additional instructions and examples.
Maximum Record Returned: 40
Default is 40. Maximum is 200.
| "foreign affairs' AND "cd-rom* |
Search Terms: "foreign affairs* AND "cd-rom'
Words and phrases entered above will be searched in the full MOCAT record.
For example, Aviation AND Weather
SUBMIT
CLEAR
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact the GPO Access User Support Team
by Internet e-mail at heh>(3)eias0S.eids.gpo.gav: by telephone at 202-512-1530; or by fax at 202-512-1262.
Page #ADPOS430 August 11,1995
Dec 26 1995
http^/www,aceess.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/make430.cgi
Monthly Catalog Search Results
The search was:
("foreign affairs" AND "cd-rom")
Records returned: 3
To locate Federal depository libraries that are likely to have a publication, select [Locate Libraries]. For the cataloging information for a
publication, select [Full Record].
Publications with a GPO Stock Number may be available for purchase. Contact the nearest GPO Bookstore to determine if a publication is
currently for sale from GPO. (Note the Title and Stock Number)
m
U.S. foreign affairs on CD-ROM: USFAC. computer file!:. 1993-. Annual. United States. Dept of State. S 1.142/2:990-93. GPO stock
no.: 044-000-02355-5. [[0863-B]].
Rank: 1000 [Full Record!
LOCATE LIBRARIES
[2]
US Department of State dispatch /. 1990-. Weekly. United States. Dept. of State. Bureau of Public Affairs. S 1.3/5:(V.NO. NOS.). GPO
stock no.: 744-010-0000O4. [[0864]].
Rank: 267 rFullRecordl
LOCATE LIBRARIES
[3]
Query Report for this Search
Rank. 1 [Full Record!
LOCATE LIBRARIES
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact the GPO Access User Support Team
by Internet e-mail at heh(deids05,eids. mo. gov, by telephone at 202-512-1530; or by fax at 202-512-1262.
^ Back       Home
Page #adpos430_results May 31,1995 0
Dec 26 1995
htto^Avww jccess.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/waisgate.cgi
GPO Access
Federal Locator Services
Locate Federal Depository Libraries
by State or Area Code
The selected publication is:
U.S. foreign affairs on CD-ROM: USFAC. computer
Die!:. 1993-. Annual. United States. Dept
jf State. S 1.142/2:990-93. GPO stock no.: 044-
XKJ-02355-5.
Item Number:
0863-B
Locate the Federal depository libraries that are likely to have this publication by entering one or more 2-lettcr U.S. Postal Service codes
(state abbreviations):
For a more specific listing, enter one or more 3-digit telephone area code(s).
Please contact the libraries to determine their hours of service and confirm the availability of the specific publication.
Browse the entire list of Federal depository libraries that have selected this publication by selecting the ALL button below.
ALL
SUBMIT
CLEAR
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact the GPO Access User Support Team
by Internet e-mail at heb(3beias05. eids. gpo. gov, by telephone at 202-512-1530; or by fax at 202-512-1262.
Page ^LOCATE.BLANK August 11,1995
Dec 26 1995
http^/wwwj�ccess.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/kxate.cj
United States Government
PUBLICATIONS ? PERIODICALS ? ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS
Information for sale by the Superintendent Of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
(GPO)
GPO"s Superintendent of Documents sells information published by a wide variety of Federal government agencies. Information products
may be ordered by mail, telephone or fax, or purchased at one of 24 U.S. Government Bookstores. GPO accepts prepayment by
MasterCard, VISA and GPO Deposit Account, as well as by check or money order.
[|^] Publications
f"f|j Subscriptions
|P CD-ROMs
f*f|Consumer Information Catalog (Free and Low Cost Publications)
f*f|U.S. Government Bookstores
Questions or comments about this service? Contact help@eids05.eias.gpo.gov.
Page #ASALE001 DECEMBER 1,1995
***
***
United States Government
BOOKSTORE
Location of U.S. Government Bookstores by City
Through Die Superintendent of Documents, the U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO) operates 24 U.S. Government Bookstores
throughout the country. Each bookstore carries a selection of at least 1,500 of the most popular Federal government publications,
subscriptions and electrorue products. Every bookstore can order any of over 12,000 trues for sale by GPO. Visit or contact any bookstore
for more iriformation. MasterCard and VISA are welcome.
[p"[ Atlanta
E Cleveland
Detroit
f^l Laurel
[P Philadelphia
|p) San Francisco
|P Pittsburgh
m Seattle
E Boston
E paua3
!?! Jacksonville
[�] Milwaukee
rjF| Portland
fFI Washington, DC
J�J Chicago
J^J Denver
!?! Kansas City
E New Yorlc
E Puebl�
/
i
^4.
Yort
Lm
-i.
V      i     ' TtahinaYiia ^WasMaMjoan* DC
>Ka^�c)l,.^^* ...I �"�"*
*~i�
�4(
X
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact the GPO Access User Support Team
by Internet e-mail at help@ieids05.eids.epo.gov, by telephone at 202-512-1530; or by fax at 202-S12-1262.
Page 0ABKSTOO1 August 11, 1995
U.S. Government Bookstore
Denver, Colorado
Room 117, Federal Building
1961 Stout Street
Denver, CO 80294
Hours: 8:30 a.m. -4:00 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays
Phone: (303) 844-3964
Fax: C303) 844-4000
21 ST STREET
19TH STREET
Questions or comments regarding this service? Contact the GPO Access User Support Team
l..�_.--*---:i ... i._i_/=,_.-j_/te �:j---��. k,ri-i�.k�- ttim-'ii-)-mft- nrhurnarm^\0.-\1fi1.
Exhibit H:
1994 Federal Technology Leadership Award
(Press Release, November 18,1994);
1995 James Madison Award
(Press Release, March 15, 1995)
News
Release
^   UNITED
&!L STATES
% GOVERNMENT
m PRINTING
r OFFICE
For Release : IMMEDIATE
November 18, 1994
Contact:   202-512-1991
No. 94-12
GPO ACCESS EARNS 1994 FEDERAL LEADERSHIP AWARD
"To be able to serve the American public is in itself a reward. To see our efforts
recognized with the presentation of such a prestigious honor serves to multiply
our commitment to that service and increase our pride in what we do.* With
these words. Public Printer Michael F. DiMario responded to the announcement
that GPO Access, the U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO) electronic
information dissemination program, has earned a 1994 Federal Leadership
Award.
The GPO Access service provides online access to the Congressional
Record, the Federal Register, the full text of all published versions of bills
introduced in Congress, the Congressional Record Index, the History of Bills, the
Lobby List, the Unified Agenda, and, through the Federal Bulletin Board, more
than 6,000 other files from 25 Federal agencies. In operation since June 1994,
a recent addition to the program is 24-hour free online access to this valuable
Government information through a telephone call to participating Federal
depository libraries. The availability of this information at no cost has earned
GPO praise from citizens across the Nation.
GPO Access has four primary components for dissemination of Federal
information:
* a system of online access to Federal publications, including the free
access;
* an electronic directory or locator;
* an electronic storage facility;
* an electronic bulletin board service.
Federal Leadership Awards recognize "the Federal projects and programs
that have made exceptional contributions to mission effectiveness, cost-
effectiveness, and service to the public through the use of automated
information systems." Recipients are judged by representatives of the General
Services Administration, the Office of Management and Budget, the
Department of Defense, and Government Executive magazine.
The 1994 Federal Leadership Awards will be presented on December 1,
1994, by John A. Koskinen, Deputy Director for Management, Office of
Management and Budget.
News
Release
\ GOVERNMENT
I PRINTING
OFFICE
UNITED
STATES
For Release:   IMMEDIATE
March 15,   1995
Contacc: 202-512-1991
No.   95-7
GPO ACCESS EARNS 1995 JAMES MADISON AWARD
GPO Access, the electronic dissemination service of the U.S.
Government Printing Office  (GPO),  has won a 1995 James Madison
Award sponsored by the Coalition on Government Information.    The
Madison Awards are presented in celebration of Freedom of
Information Day, March 16th, the birthdate of James Madison, and
honor those who champion the public's right to know.    The
Coalition is composed of more than 40 member organizations
committed to creating public awareness of access to and
dissemination of Government information.
"Once again,  it is particularly gratifying to see GPO
recognized for its efforts to serve the American public.    Our
employees have great pride in the role they play in helping to
keep their fellow citizens informed,"    Public Printer Michael F.
DiMario said in acknowledging GPO's selection for a Madison
Award.
Implemented in June 1994, the GPO Access system provides
online access to the Congressional Record, the Federal Register,
the full text of all published versions of bills introduced in
Congress, the Congressional Record Index, the History of Bills,
the Lobby List, the Unified Agenda of Federal Regulations, the
U.S. Code,  Public Laws of the 104th Congress,   and,  through the
Federal Bulletin Board, more than 6,000 other files from 25
Federal agencies.    In addition, the program offers 24-hour free
online access to Government information via the Internet from
participating Federal depository libraries.    Since its inception,
citizens around the Nation have downloaded more than 750,000
Government documents.
GPO received the Madison Award,  along with several other
recipients,  at a ceremony Wednesday, March 15,  1995,  at the
National Press Club..   Other winners include: Town Hall, a
production of the Internet Multicasting Service; the Sailor
project - Maryland's Online Public Information Network; and the
Seattle Public Library for its kiosk and other services that have
expanded public access to information about Federal,  State, and
local government.
Among those singled out previously for Madison Awards were
Vice President Albert Gore; Secretary of Energy Hazel O'Leary;
Senators Wendell Ford,  Ted Stevens, Frank Lautenburg,  and Patrick
Leahy; Representatives Charlie Rose, Bill Thomas, Henry Waxman,
and Don Edwards; the EPA Office of Toxic Substances; and
journalists Nina Totenberg, Brian Lamb,  Scott Armstrong, and
Philip Shabecoff.
The GPO Access service was previously honored in 1994 with a
Federal Technology Leadership Award which was determined by
representatives of the General Services Administration, the
Office of Management and Budget,  the Department of Defense,  and
Government Executive magazine.
Exhibit I:
Federal Depository Libraries Sponsoring GPO Access Gateways
Gateway Connections to GPO Access
| ACTIVE H PENDING
Connect to a GPO Access Federal Depository Gateway
See below for details.
� WAIS Client Access via World Wide Web (WWW):
Auburn University Library Gateway
Instructions: Point your Web browser to http://www.lib.aubum.edu/gpo or http://auburn.edu/gpo/index.htrnl
User Support: Faculty of Microforms and Documents Department (334)884-1702
Technical Contact: Beth Nicol (334)844-1731 or bnicol@lib.auburn.edu
California - University of California
Instructions:    Point your Web browser to http://ssdc.ucsd.edu/gpo
User Support: Trisha Cruse (619)534-4175 or pcruse@ucsd.edu
Indiana - Purdue University
Instructions:    Point your Web browser to http://thorplus.lib.purdue.edu/gpo
User Support: Carl Snow (317) 494 - 2764 or carl@smart.lib.purdue.edu
Technical Contact: Bert Chapman at chapmanb@sage.cc.purdue.edu or
Louisiana State University Libraries
Instructions:    Point your Web browser to http://www.lib.lsu.edu/gpo
Telnet to indigo.lib.lsu.edu: login as gpo or dial 504-334-1096;press enter, type "dtigerla";
press enter 3 times at the 'connected' message; at the username prompt press Ctrl z.
at the Xyplex prompt type "telnet indigo.lib.lsu.edu; login as gpo
User Support: Kiran Prasana (504)388-4236 or kprasa@unixl.sncc.lsu.edu
January 1996
Maryland - SAILOR - Maryland's Online Public Information Network
Instructions:    Point your Web browser to http://sailonlib.md.us/forTm/gpo.hfTnl
User Support: ArleenTalley (410)396-5426 or atalley@epfl I .epflbalto.org
Tech ContactAgnesTatarka (410)396-5551 or admin@sailor.lib.md.us
Montana - Renne Library, Montana State University - Bozeman
Instructions:    Point your Web browser to http://www.lib.mont^a.edu:cH)/GOVDOC/gpo.html
User Support: Patrick Ragains (406)994-5294 or alipr@gemini.oscs.montana.edu
Bruce Albert (406) 994-5306 or aliba@gernini.oscs.montana.edu
New Mexico - University of New Mexico Zimmerman Library
Instructions:    Point your Web browser to http://www.unm.edu/-gpo,html
User Support: Maria Teresa Marquez or Clark McLean or govref@unm.edu or phone (505) 277-5441
or fax 505-277-6019
North Carolina - North Carolina State University Libraries Gateway
Instructions:   Point your Web browser to http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/stacks/gpo/
(Telnet option) Telnet to (ibrary.ncsu.edu and login as LIBRARY. From the NCSU Libraries
Information System Main Menu, choose #2. Journal Article Indexes, then #2, GPO Access.
User Support: Mary Ellen Spencer (919)515-4221 or me--spencer@ncsu.edu
Ohio - WINSLO - (World Wide Web Information Network, State Library of Ohio)
Instructions:    Point your Web browser to http://winslo.ohio.gov/gpo
User Support: State Library of Ohio Help Desk (614)728-8627 or nberends@mail.slonet.ohio.gov
Oklahoma - Oklahoma State University
Instructions:    Point your Web browser to http://www.okstate.edu.gpoIink.htm
User Support: Suzann Holcombe {405)744-6546 or slatour@okway.okstate.edu
Tennessee - University of Tennessee, Knoxville Libraries
Instructions:    Point your Web Browser to http://www.lib.utk.edu/gpo/govdoc.html
User Support: Bill Britten (615)9744304 or bill@aztec.lib.utk.edu
� WAIS Client Access via Lynx World Wide Web browser:
North Carolina - University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill
Instructions:   Telnet to library.unc.edu, or dial (919) 962-9911, at 300-14.4 baud. Login as library.
There is no password. Users of GPO Access should select Government Databases (#2)
and option 2 again for GPO Access.
User Support: Ridley Kessler (919) 962-1151 or kessler.davis@mhs.unc.edu Tech. Contact: Derek Rodriguez
(919)962-1288 or Derek_Rodriguez@unc.edu
Via SWAIS:
Alaska - SLED - Alaska's Statewide Library Electronic Doorway
Instructions:   Telnet to sled.alaska.edu. Within Alaska dial into via the AlaskaNet node nearest you
or, for questions, dial I - (800) 478-4667. Once connected with SLED, press the
return key to continue; at the SLED Main Menu, choose Government Information
(#5); then choose Federal Government Information (#2); choose GPO Access under
Federal Government Information (#4).
User Support: Walt Herried ffwh@aurora.alaska.edu
Arizona - Aztec (ArizonaTelecommunication Community)
Instructions:   Telnet to aztec.asu.edu or dial in (602) 965-4151 or at 9.6,14.4 or 28.8 baud at
(602) 965-6699. Login as guest: password is visitor. From the Main Menu, select
option #2, Government Databases, then option #2 Federal Government, and finally
option #3 for GPO Access Online Services.
User Support: Joe Askins (602)965-5985 or joe.askins@asu.edu
Colorado - CARL Colorado Assoc. of Research Libraries, in cooperation with Univ. of CO - Denver
Instructions:   Telnet to csn.carl.org. Dial in (2400 baud or higher) at 303-758-1551. No login or
password is required. From Groups of Databases, select option #1, Library Catalogs.
Then select #22, Government Publications, then #75 for GPO Access.
User Support: George Machovec (303)758*3030 ext. 156 orgmachove@carl.org
Colorado - Pueblo Library District
Instructions:   Telnet to PLDVAXPUEBLO.LIB.CO.US or use the IP address of 198.247.6.1) Dial
(719) 542-7629 (up to 9600 baud). Press  to obtain a prompt.
Login as library. Then select (#6) from the Main Menu.
User Support:   Robert Fairies (719) 543-9600 or bob@pueblo.Jib.co.us
District of Columbia - Georgetown University
Instructions:    Telnet to library.georgetown.edu. Login as gpo. Follow the prompts.
For o modem connection up to 9600 baud, dial 202-687-3052. To obtain the prompt, press 
twice. When prompted for a login password, type access, all lower case. Press  to continue,
then select GPO Access. (#1). When prompted far the next login, type gpo.
User Support:   Joan Cheverie {202)687-7467 or jcheverie@guvax.georgetown.edu Tech. Contact Steve
Jackson sjackson@guvax.georgetown.edu
Georgia - Georgia Southern University
Instructions:    Telnet to gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu, or dial into GSnet at (9! 2) 681 -0005 (9600 baud). To
obtain the GSnet prompt, press  twice. From the GSnet prompt, enter the
following commands: connect gsvms2. Users with slower modems (1200 baud) may dial
PeachNet ox(9\2) 68I-0S00. From the PeachNet prompt, enter: connect
gsvm2.cc.gosou.edu. (All four periods in the command are significant, including the final one.)
Once connected with gsvms2, users should enter INFO as their username; no password required.
From the Public Information Services menu select GPO Access.
User Support: Lynn Walshak (912)681-5032 or soliblw@gsvms2.cc.gasou.edu Tech. Contact: David Ewing
(912) 681 -5364 or dewing@gasou.edu
January 1996
Louisiana - Louisiana State University Libraries
Instructions: Telnet to indigo.lib.lsu.edu; Login as gpo, no password. Dial 504-334-1096; press enter; type
"dtigerla", press enter three times at the 'connected* message; at the username> prompt,
press  z, at the Xyplex> prompt type "telnet indigo.lib.lsu.edu"; login "gpo".
User Support: Kiran Prasana (504-388-4236 or kprasa@unixl.sncc.lsu.edu
Missouri - COIN - Columbia (Mo.) Online Information Network
Instructions: Telnet to telnet.coin.missouri.edu, or dial (314) 884-7000. Login as guest; no password.
From the Main Menu select "Government Center; then #6, United States of America and
finally, #14, GPO Access.
User Support: Marilyn McLeod (314)443-3161 ormmcleod@mail.coin.missouri.edu
Ohio - Case Western Reserve University
Instructions:   Telnettocatalog.cwru.edu. Once connected with EuclidPLUS, select "GPO Access!' Dial
into Cleveland Free-Net at (216) 368-3888 at 300-14.4 baud. In order to use Cleveland
Free-Net, users must be registered, which can be done online free of charge. Once
registered, select'The Library", then "CWRU Libraries", then "University Library", then
"EuclidPLUS." Within EuclidPLUS, select "GPO Access."
User Support: George Barnum (216)368-6512 orgdb2@po.cwru.edu
Oregon - Portals Oregon
Instructions:   Gopher to portals.pdx.edu. No login is required. From the Portals Main Menu, select
option # I, Databases: then option #6, Federal Government Documents. From there,
options 1-6 will connect to GPO Access. Users can dial (503)227-3962 up to 9600 baud.
from the Multnomah County Library Dialup Information System Main Menu, select option 36
Portals: then follow the instructions above.
User Support: Millard Johnson (503) 725-5049 or zendog@lib.pdx.edu
Pennsylvania - Penn State University's Library Information Access System
Instructions:   Telnet to LIAS.psu.edu, or dial (814) 865-5427, at 300-14.4 baud. Once connected with
LIAS, press  and respond to the prompts for terminal emulation. When prompted
for a "Penn State ID Number," press . No password is required. The LIAS
Welcome Screen will appear. From there type SELECT to go to the selection menu, and
then choose "CPO Access!' An extensive help message is available by typing " help gpo" at
the LIAS prompt.
User Support: Debora Cheney (814) 863- 1345 or dlc@psulias.psu.edu
Pennsylvania - Ursinus College
Instructions:   Telnet to lib.ursinus.edu. Login as library. CPO Access is choice #7 on the gateway menu.
Modem users dial (610) 409-3616. Once connected, press the return key once or twice.
Choose the library option; CPO Access should be choice #7 on the menu.
User Support: Bebbie Malone (610) 489-4111   ext. 2460 or dmalone@lib.ursinus.edu
Tech. Contact David Mill (610)489 - 4111 ext 2283 or dmill@lib.ursrnus.edu
Rhode Island - Ocean State Free Net - (in cooperation with Rhode Island Federal Depository Libraries)
Instructions:       Telnet to osfn.rhilinet.gov, or dial (401) 658-3995. (Other numbers available.) Login as
guest password is guest. From the Main Menu, choose Gov't Cntr. (# 8); then
Federal information; then select GPO Access.
Please Note: A limited number of simultaneous connections is available on GPO Access. If all
connections are in use, you'll be told to "try again later."
User Support:      Dan O'Mahony (410) 863-2522 or ap201159@brownvm.brown.edu
Tennessee Technological University
Instructions:       Telnet to atlas.tntech.edu, or dial (615) 372-6160. Username is PAC. Choose Find
from the menu bar, then choose Database, and select GPO Access (Federal Info).
User Support:     Regina Lee (615)372-6105 or ral5467@tntech.edu
Tennessee - University of Memphis
Instructions:       Telnet to msuvxl.memphis.edu, and login as library or dial (901) 678-3600 (19,200
baud) and login as guest. Connect to University Library. From the Main Menu select
Find:Then choose Database; select GPO Access.
User Support:     Saundra Williams (901) 678-2206 or willias@cc.memphis.edu
Tech. Contact: Phil Smith (901) 678-4399 or smithp@cc.memphis.edu
Texas -Texas State Library
Instructions;      Telnet to link.tsl.texas.gov, or dial (512)475-4444. Login as link, all lower case. Once
connected to the Texas State Electronic Library, select choice (#15), Find a Menu Item
in the Electronic Library by Keyword. Enter gpo as the word to search. You will then
see a gopher client listing of GPO Access databases.
User Support:     Diana Houston (512)463-5426 or diana--houston@tsl.texas.gov
Tech.Support Christine Masleid (512) 463-5528.
Virginia - University ofVirginia
Instructions:      Telnet to gwis.virginia.edu. Login as gwis. Choose Library Services: Social Sciences
Data Center; Government Printing Office; GPO Access. Far a modem connection, dial
(804)982-5966. At the "Connect" prompt, type telnet gwis; login and password are
both gwis.
User Support:     Walter Newsome {804)924-4963 or wln@virginia.edu
Washington - Seattle Public Library
Instructions:      Telnet to spl.lib.wa.us (198.137.188.2), or dial (206) 386-4140. Login as library (all
lower case) and answer the terminal emulation questions. Select "Internet" off both
the first and second menus. From the Gateways menu, select GPO Access.
User Support:     Patrick Grace (206)386-4139 Technical Contact Jim Taylor (206) 386-4169 or
jtaylor @spl.lib.wa.us
NOTE: Modem settings are 8 data bits, full duplex, no parity, I stop bit terminal emulation is
VTI00. Unless otherwise specified, modem connections are at 2400 baud.
Interested in becoming a gateway? Contact Gil Baldwin or William Thompson at (202) 512-1002,
Fax (202) 512-1432, or Internet email manage@access.digex.net>.
January 1996
```