State of California 

AIR RESOURCES BOARD 

Resolution 07-41 

September 27,2007 

Agenda Item No.: 07-9-4 

WHEREAS, the Legislature in Health and Safety Code section 39602 has 

designated the State Air Resources Board (ARB or Board) as the air pollution control 

agency for all purposes set forth in federal law; 

WHEREAS, the ARB is responsible for the preparation of the State Implementation 

Plan (SIP) for attaining and maintaining the national ambient air quality standards 

(NAAQS) as required by the federal Clean Air Act (the Act; 42 U.S.C. section 7401 

et seq.), and to this end is directed by Health and Safety Code section 39602 to 

coordinate the activities of all local and regional air pollution control and air quality 

management districts (districts) necessary to comply with the Act; 

WHEREAS, section 39602 of the Health and Safety Code also provides that the SIP 

shall include only 'those provisions necessary to meet the requirements of the Act; 

WHEREAS, the ARB has responsibility for ensuring that the districts meet their 

responsibilities under the Act pursuant to sections 39002, 39500, 39602, and 41650 

of the Health and Safety Code; 

WHEREAS, the ARB is authorized by section 39600 of the Health and Safety Code 

to do such acts as may be necessary for the proper execution of its powers and 

duties; 

WHEREAS, sections 39515 and 39516 of the Health and Safety Code provide that 

any duty may be delegated to the Board's Executive Officer as the Board deems 

appropriate; 

WHEREAS, the local air districts have primary responsibility for controlling air 

pollution from nonvehicular sources and for adopting control measures, rules, and 

regulations to attain the NAAQS within their boundaries pursuant to sections 39002, 

40000,40001,40701,40702, and 41650 of the Health and Safety Code; 

WHEREAS, the South Coast Air Basin includes Orange County and portions of the 

counties of Los Angeles, San Bernardino, and Riverside, as described in title 17, 

California Code of Regulations, section 601 04; 

WHEREAS, the South Coast Air Quality Management District (District) is the local 

air district with jurisdiction over the South Coast Air Basin and the Riverside County 

portion of the Salton Sea Air Basin (Coachella Valley), pursuant to sections 4041 0 

and 4041 3 of the Health and Safety Code; 
Resolution 0741 

WHEREAS, the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) is the 

regional transportation agency for the South Coast Air Basin and Coachella Valley 

and has responsibility for preparing and implementing transportation control 

measures to reduce vehicle trips, vehicle use, vehicle miles traveled, vehicle idling 

and traffic congestion for the purpose of reducing motor vehicle emissions pursuant 

to sections 40460(b) and 40465 of the Health and Safety Code; 

WHEREAS, section 40463(b) of the Health and Safety Code specifies that the 

District board must establish a carrying capacity - the maximum level of emissions 

which would enable the attainment and maintenance of an arr~bient air quality 

standard for a pollutant - for the South Coast Air Basin with the active participation 

of SCAG; 

WHEREAS, in July 1997, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) 

promulgated an 8-hour NAAQS for ozone of 0.08 parts per million; 

WHEREAS, in December 1997, the U.S. EPA promulgated 24-hour and annual 

NAAQS for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) of 65 and 15 yglm3, respectively; 

WHEREAS, in April 2004, U.S. EPA finalized "Phase 1" of the 8-hour ozone NAAQS 

implementation rule (Phase 1 Implementation Rule), which established the 

classification scheme for nonattainment areas and identified continuing obligations 

with respect to the existing I-hour ozone requirements; 

WHEREAS, the Phase 1 Implementation Rule designated the South Coast Air Basin 

and the Coachella Valley as nonattainment for the &hour ozone NAAQS, classified 

SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN as a "severe-? 7" nonattainment area with an initial 

attainment date of June 15, 2021 ,and classified the Coachella Valley as a "serious" 

nonattainment area with an initial attainment date of June 15, 201 3, with both 

designations subject to the requirements of Subpart 2 of Part D of Title I of the Act; 

WHEREAS, section 181 (b)(3) of the Act requires U.S. EPA to reclassify a 

nonattainment area to a higher classification upon receipt of a request from the state 

having jurisdiction; 

WHEREAS, section 182(e)(5) of the Act provides that SIPS for extreme ozone 

nonattainment areas may rely in part upon the development of new technologies or 

the improvement of existing technologies; 

WHEREAS, upon approval by U.S. EPA, a request by the State to reclassify South 

Coast Air Basin to an "extreme" nonattainment area would reset the South Coast Air 

Basin's attainment deadline to June 15, 2024 and allow for the use of emission 

reductions to be achieved from as-yet unidentified technologies in the attainment 

demonstration, and a request to reclassify the Coachella Valley to a "severe-I 5" 

would reset the attainment deadline for this area to June 15, 2019; 
Resolution 07-41 

WHEREAS, in Noverr~ber 2005, U.S. EPA supplemented its 8-hour ozone Phase 1 

Implementation Rule with a "Phase 2" rule that specifies the emission controls and 

planning elements that nonattainment areas must address in their SIPS; 

WHEREAS, the Act requires that 8-hour ozone nonattainment areas classified 

moderate, or greater, demonstrate that Reasonable Further Progress (RFP) toward 

attainment of the 8-hour ozone NAAQS will occur, and that the SIPS for such areas 

include air quality and emissions data, a control strategy, a modeled attainment 

demonstration, rate of progress milestones, conformity emission budgets, and 

contingency measures; 

WHEREAS, in December 2004, U.S. EPA designated the South Coast Air Basin as 

nonattainment of the PM2.5 NAAQS on the basis of violation of the annual average 

PM2.5 NAAQS; 

WHEREAS, in March 2007, U.S. EPA finalized the PM2.5 implementation rule which 

established the framework and requirements that states must meet in developing 

annual average PM2.5 SIPS, set an initial attainment date of April 5, 201 0, and 

allowed for an attainment date extension for up to five years; 

WHEREAS, the Act requires that annual PM2.5 SIPS include air quality and 

emissions data, a control strategy, a modeled attainment demonstration, rate of 

progress n-~ilestones, conformity emission budgets, and contingency measures; 

WHEREAS, on March 3, 2005, the District adopted a Carbon Monoxide 

Maintenance Plan that U.S. EPA approved on May 11, 2007; 

WHEREAS, on November 15, 1996, the District adopted a Nitrogen Dioxide 

Maintenance Plan, that U.S. EPA approved on April 10, 2000; 

WHEREAS, the District adopted the 2007 Air Quality Management Plan (2007 

AQMP) to fulfill the planning requirements of both the federal Act and the California 

Clean Air Act; 

WHEREAS, the 2007 AQMP includes updated air quality and emissions data; a 

control strategy based on State, local, and federal measures; modeled attainment 

demonstrations; RFP demonstrations;.transportation conformity emission budgets; 

and contingency measures for the 8-hour ozone and annual PM2.5 NAAQS; 

WHEREAS, the 2007 AQMP includes harmonizing revisions to the Carbon 

Monoxide Maintenance Plan and the Nitrogen Dioxide Maintenance Plan; 

WHEREAS, using air quality modeling, the District identified 8-hour ozone NAAQS 

carrying capacities of 114 tons per day (tpd) of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and 420 tpd 

reactive organic gases (ROG); 
Resolution 07-41 -4- 

WHEREAS, meeting the carrying capacity by 2020, in order to attain the %-hour 

ozone NAAQS by the June 15, 2021, attainment date for severe-I 7 nonattainment 

areas, would require reductions of approximately 78 percent and 22 percent of NOx 

and ROG, respectively, from projected controlled 2020 levels; 

WHEREAS, the District was unable to identify control measures with emission 

reductions sufficient for the South Coast Air Basin to attain the %-hour ozone NAAQS 

by June 15,2021; 

WHEREAS, Section 181 (b)(3) of.the Act allows States to request reclassification to 

a higher classification for ozone nonattainment areas; 

WHEREAS, using air quality modeling, the District identified annual average PM2.5 

NAAQS carrying capacities of 452 tpd NOx, 472 tpd ROG, 20 tpd sulfur oxides 

(SOX), and 87 tpd directly emitted PM2.5; 

WHEREAS, meeting the carrying capacity by 2009, in order to attain the PM2.5 

NAAQS by the April 5, 2010 deadline, would require reductions of approximately 75 

percent of NOx, 26 percent of ROG, 59 percent of SOX, and 11 percent of directly 

emitted PM2.5, from projected 2009 levels; 

WHEREAS, the District was unable to identify control measures with emission 

reductions sufficient for the South Coast Air Basin to attain the PM2.5 annual 

average NAAQS by April 5, 2010; 

WHEREAS, Section 188(E) of the Act allows States to request a single, five-year 

extension of the attainment date for particulate matter NAAAQS; 

WHEREAS, ARB staff performed supplemental analyses of PM2.5 air quality 

monitoring data and trends, PM2.5 speciation data, and emission inventory trends, 

as allowed by U.S. EPA modeling guidance; 

WHEREAS, the District's ozone and PM2.5 attainment demonstrations rely on 

adopted regulations, local SIP elements of the District's 2007 AQMP, and the 

proposed State Strategy as modified in Attachment B to Resolution 07-28; 

WHEREAS, the proposed South Coast SIP contains all of the elements required of a 

PM2.5 attainment plan; 

WHEREAS, federal law set forth in section 11 O(1) of the Act and Title 40, Code of 

Federal Regulations (CFR), section 51 .I 02, req~~ires that one or more public 

hearings, preceded by at least 30 days notice and opportunity for public review, 

must be conducted prior to the adoption and submittal to the U.S. EPA of any SIP 

revision; 
Resolution 07-41 -5- 

WHEREAS, as required by federal law, the District made the 2007 AQMP available 

for public review at least 30 days prior to the hearing; 

WHEREAS, following a public hearing on June 1, 2007, the Governing Board of the 

District voted to: 

. adopt the local SIP elements of the District's 2007 AQMP to fulfill the . 

requirements of the Act for extreme 8-hour ozone and annual PM2.5 

nonattainment areas; 

2. request a redesignation for the SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN to 8-hour ozone 

extreme nonattainment; 

3. request a redesignation for the Coachella Valley to 8-hour ozone severe-I 5 

nonattainment; and 

4. request a 5-year extension of the annual PM2.5 attainment date to 

April 5, 201 5; 

WHEREAS, the local SIP elements of the District's 2007 AQMP has been submitted 

to ARB as a SIP revision, along with proof of public notice publication and 

environmental documents in accordance with State and federal law; 

WHEREAS, the updated RFP demonstration shows that the South Coast Air Basin 

and the Coachella Valley will meet the required progress milestones and will 

continue to have additional emission reductions needed to meet the contingency 

measure requirements for progress; 

WHEREAS, the transportation conformity emission budgets included in the adopted 

2007 AQMP must be updated to reflect the final control strategy, made available for 

public review, approved by an appropriate body, and submitted to U.S. EPA as a 

SIP revision; 

WHEREAS, updating the transportation conformity emission budgets will not result 

in a need to update the RFP or attainment demonstrations; 

WHEREAS, the District determined that the draft State Strategies plan published on 

April 26, 2007, in combination with the local control measures in the AQMP, would 

not meet District emission reduction for attainment of the annual PM2.5 NAAQS by 

2014; 

WHEREAS, Chapter 4 and Appendix IV-B of the 2007 AQMP, "Policy Options to 

Supplement CARB's Control Strategy," identifies additional mobile source control 

measures recommended by the District for adoption by ARB to provide the 

remaining emission reductions needed to meet the PM2.5 carrying capacity 

identified in the AQMP; 
Resolution 07-41 -6- 

WHEREAS, after considering the proposed State Strategies plan as published on 

April 26, 2007 at its June 22, 2007 meeting, the Board encouraged staff to continue 

working the District and SCAG to identify a mutually agreeable set of control 

measures designed to close the attainment gap; 

WHEREAS, ARB, District, and SCAG staff have developed a set of supplemental 

actions to provide the additional NOx reductions needed to meet the District's PM2.5 

emission reduction targets; 

WHEREAS, District staff has modeled the resulting control strategy and determined 

that it provides for attainment of the PM2:5 annual average NAAQS throughout the 

SOUTH COAST AIR BAS1 N in 201 4; 

WHEREAS, the State Strategy commits ARB to achieve total basin-wide err~ission 

reductions from sources mobile sources, allows ARB to achieve those reductions 

from measures other than the potential measures identified in the State Strategy, 

and allows ARB to substitute reductions of one pollutant for another using relative 

PM2.5 reduction values identified by the District; 

WHEREAS, the 2007 AQMP's proposed control measure MOB-03, "Proposed 

Backstop Measures for Indirect Sources of Emissions from Ports and Port-Related 

Facilities," is a District commitment to adopt a backstop rule for criteria pollutant 

reductions from port-related sources, and would provide additional assurance that 

needed emission reductions will be achieved; 

WHEREAS, the targets referenced in proposed control measure MOB-03 are not 

enforceable SIP commitments and will be further evaluated during the District's 

rulemaking process to adopt the proposed control measure; 

WHEREAS, relative to the ozone attainment strategy for the South Coast Air Basin, 

the Board finds that: 

1. It is necessary to reduce NOx emissions by almost 90 percent and ROG 

emissions by over 40 percent, from 2006 levels, in order to attain the 8-hour 

ozone NAAQS; 

2. The existing err~ission control program, together with the District measures 

identified in the AQMP and the estimated benefits of the proposed State 

Strategy, will achieve approximately 70 percent of the NOx emission 

reductions, and 85 percent of the ROG emission reductions, needed from 

2006 emission levels to attain the 8-hour ozone'NAAQS by 2023; 

3. A reclassification to "extreme" is appropriate for the South Coast Air Basin 

to allow needed additional time to attain the 8-hour ozone standard, and to 

allow the attainment demonstration to include anticipated emission 
Resolution 07-41 -7- 

reductions from advancements in emission control technologies that cannot 

be identified at this time; 

4. ARB, District, and SCAG staff have agreed to work together to develop a 

discussion paper within four months from the date of adoption of the 2007 

SIP that explores potential strategies for identifying the additional reductions 

needed to meet the 8-~OLI~ ozone standard and future ambient air quality 

standards, including a consideration of new or transformative strategies 

such as state-of-technology zero and near-zero transportation systems, 

other mechanisms such as fee-based incentives, and the role and 

availability of public funding; 

5. The local SIP elements of the AQMP identified contingency measures that 

will achieve additional emission reductions, beyond those relied on in the 

attainment demonstration, in the event that the South Coast Air Basin does 

not attain the 8-hour ozone NAAQS by 2024; and 

6. The local SIP elements of the AQMP combined with ARB's proposed State 

Strategy meet all applicable ozone planning requirements established by 

the Act and U.S. EPA regulations; 

WHEREAS, relative to the PM2.5 attainment strategy for the South Coast Air Basin, , 

the Board finds that: 

I. 'The level of reductions needed to attain the PM2.5 annual average NAAQS 

in the SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN warrants the five-year extension of the 

attainment date, to April 5, 201 5, allowed by the CAA. 

2. The local control measures identified in the adopted 2007 AQMP, together 

with the State Strategy as amended by the ARB, District, and SCAG 

agreement, will provide the emission reductions needed to reduce 

emissions to the carrying capacity identified by the District for meeting the 

PM2.5 annual average NAAQS; 

3. The AQMP identified contingency measures that will achieve additional 

emission reductions, beyond those relied on in the attainment 

demonstration, in the event that the South Coast Air Basin does not attain 

the annual average PM2.5 NAAQS by 2014; 

4. The local SIP elements of the AQMP combined with ARB's proposed State 

Strategy meet all applicable PM2.5 planning requirements established by 

the Act and U.S. EPA regulations; 
Resolution 07-41 -8- 

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, the Board hereby approves the 2007 

AQMP, excluding those portions of Chapter 4 addressing District-recon- mended 

measures for adoption by ARB and references to those measures, those portions of 

Chapter 6 addressing California Clean Air Act requirements, and emission and risk 

reduction goals identified in the AQMP's proposed control measure MOB-03, 

"Proposed Backstop Measures for Indirect Sources of Emissions from Ports and 

Port-Related Facilities," as revisions to the ~alifornia SIP; 

BE IT FURTHER-RESOLVED, that the Board directs the Executive Officer to work 

with the District to determine appropriate emission levels for port-related sources 

during the District's development of control measure MOB-03; 

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Board hereby adopts the technical and 

control strategy elements for carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide in the 2007 

AQMP as revisions to the South Coast Air Basin's Carbon Monoxide Maintenance 

Plan and Nitrogen Dioxide Maintenance Plan portions of the California SIP; 

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Board hereby directs the Executive Officer to 

forward the AQMP as approved to the U.S. EPA for inclusion in the SIP to be 

effective, for purposes of federal law, upon approval by U.S. EPA; 

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Board directs the Executive Officer to submit 

to U.S. EPA the District's requests for reclassification of the South Coast Air Basin to 

extreme nonattainment and Coachella Valley to severe-1 5 nonattainment for the 

8-hour ozone NAAQS, and for an extension of the PM2.5 attainment deadline for the 

South Coast Air Basin to April 5, 201 5; 

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Board directs the Executive Officer to work 

with the District and U.S. EPA and take appropriate action to resolve any 

completeness or approvability issues that may arise regarding the SIP submission; 

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the Board authorizes the Executive Officer to 

include in the SIP submittal any technical corrections, clarifications, or additions that 

may be necessary to secure U.S. EPA approval; and 

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the Board hereby certifies pursuant to 

40 CFR section 51 .I 02 that the District's 2007 AQMP was adopted after notice and 

public hearing as required by 40 CFR section 51.102. 

I hereby certify that the above is a true 

and correct copy of Resolution 07-41, as 

adopted by the Air Resources Board.