CONTRACTOR REPORT

NUREG/CR-2321

SAND81-7144

RP

Investigation of Fire

Stop Test Parameters

Final Report

Leon Przybyla

Underwriters Laboratories

:333 Pfingsten Road

Northbrook, IL 60062

Printed September 1981

Prepared for Sandia National Laboratories

under Contract No. 07-9116

Prepared for

US NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION

NUREG•/C•R'2 321

SAND81- 7144

RP,

US8 3

7 8NK8 85,8

INVESTIGATION OF

FIRE STOP TEST PARAMETERS

FINAL REPORT

September-1981

Sandia Project Officer:. L. J. Klamerus

Prepared for

Sandia: National Laboratories

Albuquerque, *New Mexico 87185

operated by

Sandia Corporation

for the

'US Department of Energy

Work performed under Sandia Contract No. 07-9116

Funded by

Division of Engineering Technology

Office of Nuclear Reactor Research

Washington, DC 20555

Under Memorandum of Understanding DOE 40-550-75

NRC Fin No. A1010

ABSTRACT

An experimental investigation was performed to determine the

effects of pressure differential, fire exposure conditions

and sample construction on the performance of fire stops

used to seal electric cable and conduit penetrations through

concrete fire barriers. Experiments were conducted using a

differential pressure of -12 to +125 Pa, various sample

constructions and two fire exposure conditions. Results

indicate that the effect of pressure differential is not

significant for those fire-stop materials which do not have

cracks or other through openings that allow passage of gases

during fire-exposure. However, if the material allows

passage for gases through cracks or other holes, such as

those left open after a cable pull, the pressure differential affects fire stop performance. Effects of the size

of the opening; size, location and type of the penetrating

items installed through the opening; and severity of fire

exposure on the performance of fire stops are demonstrated.

-i-/ii-

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Abstract

Table of Contents -1-

List of Figures -vList of Tables -ixForeword -x1. Introduction 1

2. Experimental Procedure 2

2.1 General 2

2.2 Samples 2

2.3 Apparatus 3

2.4 Method 4

3. Experimental Results 5

3.1 General 5

3.2. Effect of Pressure Differential 5

3.3 Effect of Fire Exposure 7

3.4 Effect of Sample Construction 7

4. Recommendations 9

5. References 10

Appendix A - Sample Details 43

Appendix B - Instrumentation 46

Appendix C - Experimental Results 70

-iii-/-iv-

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

Al

B1

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

B7

B8

B9

B10

BlI

Appearance Of Unexposed Side Of Fire Stop

Sample Prior To ExperimentAppearance Of Unexposed Side Of Fire Stop

Sample Prior To Experiment

Furnace

Enclosure

Temperature-Time Curve

The Rate Of Propagation Of 725-F (285 C)

Temperature (Experiments P1, P3, P5)

The Rate Of Propagation Of 300 F (149 C)

Temperature (Experiments P14, P16)

Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop

Material (Standard Versus Special Fire

Exposure)

Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop

Material (Standard Versus Special Fire

Exposure)

Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop

Material (Copper Versus Aluminum Conductor

Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop

Material (Conductor Size)

Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop

Material (Pipe Size)

Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop

Material (Steel.Versus Aluminum Conduit)

Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop

Material (Cable Loading)

Floor Slabs

Group 1 - Thermocouple Locations

Group 2 - Thermocouple Locations

Group 3 - Thermocouple Locations

Group 4 - Thermocouple Locations

Group 5. - Thermocouple Locations

Group 6 - Thermocouple Locations

Group 7 - Thermocouple Locations

Group 8 - Thermocouple Locations

Group 9 - Thermocouple Locations

Group 10 - Thermocouple Locations

Group 11 - Thermocouple Locations

)•

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

45

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

.54

55

56

57
LIST OFFIGURES (CONT'D)

Figure

B12

B13

B14

B15

B16

B17

B18

B19

B20

B21

B22

B23

Cl

Group 12

Group ,13

Group 14

Group 15

Group ý16

Group 17

Group 18

Group .19

Group 20

.Group 21

Location

- Thermocouple Locations', -. Thermocouple.Locations

-:Thermocouple. Locations

- Thermocouple Locations

- Thermocouple Locations

- ThermQcouple.Locations

-. Thermocouple.Locations

- Thermocouple Locations - Thermocouple-Locations

- Thermocouple Locations

Of Thermocouples Within Fire Stop

Location Of Pressure Probes

Unexposed

.Material

Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop

(P22)

C2

C3

C4

ýC5

C6

'C7

C8

C9

C10

Cli

C12

C13

C14

C15

C16

C17

Unexposed Surface

Material (P19)

Unexposed Surface

Material (P1)

Unexposed, Surface

Material (P3)

Unexposed Surface

Material (P5)

Unexposed Surface. .Material (P23)

Unexposed Surface

Material (P20) ,

Unexposed Surface.

Material (P2)

Unexposed Surface

Material (P4)

Unexposed Surface

Material (P6)

Unexposed Surface

Material (P9)

Unexposed Surface

Material (Pll)

Unexposed Surface

Material (Pl0)

Unexposed Surface

Material (P12)

Unexposed Surface

Material (P13)

Unexposed Surface

Material (P15)

Unexposed Surface

Material (PI4)

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures•

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

'Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Of

•Of•

.of.

Of Of.

"Of

0 f

ofof

Of

Ofl

Of

Of

Of

Of

Of

Of

Fire

Fire

Fire

Fire

Fire

Fire

Fire

Fire

Fire

Fire

Fire

Fire

Fire

Fire

Fire

Fire

Stop

Stop

,Stop

Stop

Stop

.Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop,

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Page

58

59 60.

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

.86

87

88

89

90

-vi-
-LI _ýFST OF IGURES-(CONT'D)*

Figure

Cis

C19

C20

C21

C22

C23

C24

C25

C26

C27

C28

C29

C30

C31

C32

C33.

C34

C35

C.36

C37

C38

C39

C40

Unexposed Surface

Material (PI 6)

Unexposed-Surface

Material

Unexposed Material

Unexposed Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

-Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

.- Material

Unexposed Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

(P7)

Surface

(P8)

Surface

(P21)

Surface

(P21)

Surface

(P21)

Surface

(P17)

Surface

(P17)

Surface

(P17) Surface

(P18)

Surface

(PI8)-

Surface

(P18)

Surface

(FCl)

Surface

(FC1)

Surface

(FC2)

Surface

(FC2) .Surface

•(FC3)

Surface

•(FC3)

Surface

(FC3)

Surface .(FC3)

Temperatures

-Temperatures

Temperatures

-Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

:Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

TemperaturesOf,'Fire Stop

Of Fire, Stop

Of Fire Stop

Of Fire Stop

-.Of Fire Stop

Of ýFire. Stop

Of Fire Stop

Of Fire Stop"

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Temperatures/Of Fire

Temperatures Of,.Fire

Temperatures Of Fire

Temperatures Of Fire

Temperatures Of- Fire

Temperatures. Of Fire

Temperatures Of Fire

Temperatures Of Fire

TemperaturesOf Fire

Stop

Stop

Stop

StopStop

.Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Page

92

93

94

9,5

96

:97•

-97

10.0

101

102%\,

1:03,

104

105

:-- 06 6

.107

108

109,

110

ill,

112

113

Surface Temperatures Of Fire

(CTM)

Surface' Temperatures

(CT2)

Surface Temperatures

(CT3)

Off'Fire

Of Fire

-vii-
LIST OF FIGUR9S (CONT'.D)

Figure

C41.

C42

C43

C44

C45

C46

C47

C48

C49

C50

C5 1

/C.5 2

C53

C5 4

C55

C56.

C57

C58

C59

C60

C61

C62

C63

C64

C65

Unexposed Surface.Temperatures

Material (CT4)

Unexposed

Material.

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

,Material

Unexposed

Material.

Unexposed

Material.

Unexposed

.Material

Unexposed

Material

.Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material .Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

.Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Unexposed

Material

Surface

(CS1)

Surface

(CS2)

Surface

(CS3)

Surface

(CS4)

Surface

(Tl)

Surface

(T2)

Surface

(T3)

Surface

(T4)

Surface

(PSi)

Surface

(PS2)

Surface

(CD1)

Surface

(CD2)

Surface

(CD3)

Surface

(CD4).

Surface

(CL1)

Surface

(CL1)

Surface

(CL1)

Surface

(CL2)

Surface

(CL2)

Surface

(CL2)

Surface

(Si)

Surface

(S2)

Surface (S3)

Surface

(S4)

Temperatures.

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Temperatures

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

-Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Of Fire

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

'Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Stop

Page

114

115.

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

-viii-
LIST OF. TABLES

Table Page

'1 Experimental Summary 11

2 Pressure Differential Samples 13

3 Pressure Differential Samples 14

4 Fire Exposure Samples 15

5 Sample Constructions - Conductors 16

6 Sample Constructions - Penetrating Items 17

7 Sample Constructions - Cable Loading 18

8 Sample Constructions - Opening Sizes 19

9 Pressure Differential Experiments 20

10 Pressure Differential Experiments 21

11 Fire Exposure Experiments 22

12 Sample Experiments - Conductor Type And Size 23

.13 Sample Experiments - Cable Type 24

14 Sample Experiments- Conduit Or Pipe Type And 25

Size

.15 Sample Experiments - Cable Loading 26

16 Sample Experiments - Size 27

17 Flame Occurrence Time - Pressure Experiments 28

Al Cable Description 44

Cl Duration And Time To Flaming For Pressure 71

Differential Experiments

C2 Duration And Time To Flaming For Fire Exposure 72

Experiments

C3 Duration And Time To Flaming For Sample 73

Experiments

- ix-

FORWARD

This investigation is part of the Fire Research Program ofthe U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) This program

was established as a result of the Browns Ferry fire and the

recommendations made in NUREG-0050. 1 The objective of this

program is to obtain data to confirm or modify the current

regulatory guides and standards for fire protection and to

determine the adequacy of generic designs and materials with

respect to fire safety. 2 This program consists of eight

elements which encompass a broad range of fire protection

concerns in light water reactor (LWR) power plants. A part

of one element of this program is to obtain information on

test parameters used to evaluate fire stops. Th'is investigation sponsored by Sandia Laboratories, provides a limited

assessment of several of these test parameters.

All the fire experiments were conducted at UL's Fire Protection Department in Northbrook, Illinois. The author

acknowledges the assistance of Thomas Plens in constructing,

instrumenting and conducting these experiments; Sandi Hansen

in obtaining computer generated graphics of the data; and

R. Parks and W. Christian in preparing the text.

Respectfully submitted:

Underwriters Laboratories Inc.

Leon J. Przybyla,

Engineering Team Leader

Fire Protection Department

Reviewed and Approved by:

R. L. Parks

Staff Engineer Fire Protection Department

W. J. Christian

Manager, Research and Technology Development

INVESTIGATION OF

FIRE STOP TEST PARAMETERS

I. introduction

Fire stops installed in nuclear power plants are generally qualified by .testing in accordance with. IEEE 634-1978.3 This

Standard prescribes the test procedure and method to evaluate

results. The test procedure consists of subjecting the fire

stop sample to a fire exposure in accordance with Standard ASTM E119.4. Immediately after fire exposure, the

sample is subjected to a water spray (hose -stream test)

Fire stops. are acceptable if they withstand the fire test

without passage of flame or gases hot enough to ignite cable

on the non-fire side, and if they limit the temperature on

the non-fire side to less..than 70,0 F. Additionally, the

sample must withstand the hose stream test-:without developing an opening which allows the passage-of a wate-r stream.

Although pressure differentials (the pressure at one side, of

the fire stop with respect to the other side) exist at

various areas in the:plant under normal operation,-the

IEEE 634 test method does not require -a-specif.ic pressure differential to be applied-during the test:. The Standard

recognizes this aspect, but does not address it.

Also, according to IEEE 634, sample selection for testing is

to be representative of the fire stop installed in the'

field. In-1order to facilitate- the -selection, suggested guidelines are-given for size of opening and types and sizes,

of cables but, data substantiating. the selection .is not

given. - The effects of varying the sample- construction 'by' changing its- size,, number of cables and location of cables -

is not known. .

This investigation was- conducted to develop information on

the effect changes in pressure differential and:sample construction have on the, performance of the fire stop. Additionally, the effect of subjecting the-fi-re stops to a

fire exposure less severe-in temperature than the ASTM E119

exposure was also; investigated.,..

1
2. ,Experimental: Procedure

2.1 General.

This investigation consisted of conducting 50 small-scale

.fire experiments using several types of fire stop samples.

A summary of the experiments conducted is shown in Table .1.

These experiments were organized into twenty-one groups to

facilitate comparison of results. ý,Within each group, the

parameter under consideration was varied with the sample and

test procedure held constant.

Each sample was subjected' to the prescribed, fire exposure

until either flaming occurred on the unexposed side or until

the appropriate informationý was Qbtained. During each

experiment, temperatures of the:,unexposed surface and visual

observations of physical performance were, recorded,. For

some experiments, temperatures •within the fire stop material:

were recorded for supplemental information.

2.2 Samples

.. All fire stops were installed in 6 in. (150 mmT+thick

concrete floor slabs. Openings in aill but three slabs were

either circular 6 in. (15.0 mm ) in diameter-or 12 in..(310 mm)

square. The remaining slabs had circular openingsof, 2 in.

(51 mm),, 9 in. (230 mm) and 13 in. (330 mm): in diameter.

The f ire stop materials used were silicone foam,: silicone

elastomer, and a fire stop device, These are representative

of materials currently used in nuclear power plants. The

silicone foam and silicone elastomer were two-component

..,.materials which vulcanized at room temperature (RTV) . These

materials which were mixed, poured into the openings, and

cured in accordance with the manufacturer's installation

instructions. The nominal free rise densities were 30 pcf

(0.48 Mg/im3 ) and 90opcf (1.42 Mg/m 3 )'for the silicone foam

and silicone elastomer, respectively.' However, the device,

was constructed from several separate components of' steel

plates, intumescent material2, and a neoprene gasket. The

device was installed •by friction fit from the compression of

the neoprene material in accordance with the manufacturer's

installation instructions...

+ - Equivalent SI units included in parenthesis

may only be approximate.

-2-
Various types, of penetrating ites ,-.,wer.e used inthe-con-.

struction Of the, fire 'stlops sapls The penetratin itemsincluded cables, cabe tr ays, conduits,. 'and pipes. Details•s of these 'itemsi are presented in Appendix A.

Samples were, constructed with the penetrating.tems pro-" truding about 12 in. (300•mm) belowvrthe exposed surface" and"-". 36 in. (910 mm) above the unexposed. surface. When cable

trays were used" the penetrating. itemswere fastened: to..*

them on the unexposed side for support.

These samples -were :designed to '.fac-i.litate:•,performance measurement so as to provide an increased data base upon which the evaluation, of changes,.- in-parameters could be made. It should not be misconstrued -that :the'samples• were. designed'".--: to obtain ,a 3 hr fire rating which.. 'is required--for field., installed fire stops. as specified in Appendix R of 10CFR

Part 50. A summary description of the.various experimental -- samples is shown-in Tables 2-8. Examples of the appearance of-the fire stop samples prior to test are shown in' Figures 1- and 2.

2.3 Apparatus

2.13. Furnace

The small, scale floor furnace (Fig.,:-3-) of Underwriters

Laboratories- Inc. was used. in these: experiments.

2.3. 2 Enclosure,

In some experiments, to obtain the' desired pressure differ- ential, an enclosure was placed-on the unexposed side of'the sample, and the air pressure within the enclosure'either increased or decreased as needed. The general-construction*- of the enclosure was as-shown in Fig'. 4. Air-flowed con- tinuously through the enclosure through the ports. The inlet and exhaust ports. were adjusted to provide the desired

pressure control. Flow through the ports wasi-diverted toward the walls of the enclosure away from the sample:-and penetrating items.

2.3.3 Instrumentation

Type K Chromel-Alumel thermocouples were used 'for 'all

temperature measurements of the unexposed surface of the fire stop materials and of the material interior for some samples. All thermocouples on the unexposed surface were covered by a 0.75 in. (19 mm) by 0.75 in. (19 mm) by 0.16 in. (4 mm) thick asbestos ,.pad.. Pressure was measured with probes connected to either a manometer or an electronic

barometer.

3-
2.4.Method.

Summaries of the experiments are shown in Tables 9-16.

Except in three experiments, the samples were subjected to

a fire exposure with the furnace temperatures controlled in

accordance with the standard temperature-time curve specified

in ASTM E119 (shown in Figure 5).' In the remaining experiments, the furnace temperatures were controlled in accordance

with the other less severe temperature-time curve also shown

in Figure 5. The pressure differential between the exposed

surface and unexposed surface was measured and controlled to

the desired pressure for each experiment. Positive pressure

differential was obtained by having a greater pressure at'

the exposed surface of the fire stop with respect to the

unexposed surface. A negative pressure differential was

obtained by having a greater pressure at the unexposed

surface of the fire stop with respect to the exposed surface.

Experiments were conducted until flaming occurred on the

unexposed side or until the appropriate information was

obtained.

-4-
3. Experimental Results

3.1 General

The results of all the experiments are included in Appendix C.

The temperatures on the unexposed surface of the fire stop

material were plotted versus time for each experiment and

are shown in Figures Cl-C65. The experiment duration and

the time at which flaming occurred on the unexposed side are

shown in Tables Cl-C3.

The effect of each parameter was considered separately. In

order to determine the effect of changes in each-parameter,

results of applicable experiments-were compared (see Table 1

for groups of applicable experiments). The primary-means of

assessing results was to compare the appropriate unexposed

surface temperatures. If a comparison could not be obtained

due to minor changes in temperature during the experiment,

or if supplemental data was desired, a comparison of time to

flaming was conducted. Also in evaluating pressure-differential,

sample construction - cable type, and sample construction -

opening size, a comparison of visual observations was

conducted.

3.2 Effect OfPressure Differential

Results indicated that for those materials which remained

integral during the test and did not allow a path for gas

flow, the effect of changes in pressure differential was not

significant.

In tests with a positive pressure differential between 0.01

and 0.50 in H20 (2 and 125 Pa), no significant change was

observed in the transmission of heat through the material,

in the time at which flaming occurred, or in the formation

of cracks in the decomposing material. The rate of heat

transmission through the silicone foam and silicone elastomer

materials can be seen by the rate at which a specific

temperature propagates through the material. The propagation rate of the 725 F (285 C) temperature was selected

for comparison since it also represents the approximate

front of the char layer. As shown in Fig. 6, the rate at

which this temperature propagated through the material was

not significantly affected by changes in the positive

pressure differential. -For the device the propagation rate

of 300 F (149 C) temperature was arbitrarily selected for

comparison since a specific temperature associated with the

degradation of the material was not readily obtainable.

Fig. 7 shows that the propagation rate of the 300 F (149 C)

temperature also was not significantly affected by the

pressure differential.

-5-
The time at which flaming occurred on the unexposed side was

not affected by changes in positive pressure differential.

The times at which flaming occurred for the experiments with

silicone foam are shown in Table 16. It ranged from 110 min

to 116 min. This is considered within the normal range of

repeatability for failure times (for structural integrity)

of fire resistant assemblies. During the conduct of all the

experiments for the silicone elastomer and device in Groups 3

through 6, flaming did not occur on the unexposed side.

The formation of cracks in the decomposing material was not

affected by changes in the positive pressure differential.

In all experiments which produced flaming failure, propagation of a crack through the material was rapid, usually

occurring within 5 min. after crack formation. Collapse of

the material occurred immediately after the crack propagated

.through the material and ignition of the unexposed surface

was almost instantaneous. Because of this, flame passage

through the crack was not a significant factor in the

ignition process.

Testing with a negative pressure differential did not significantly affect the performance of the silicone foam material

installed without through openings. One experiment was

conducted at a negative pressure differential of 0.05 in H20'

(12 Pa) while a similar sample was tested at a positive

pressure differential of 0.01 in H20 (2 Pa). The time of

failure was essentially the same (154 min for -0.05 in H20

(-12 Pa) and 153 min for 0.01 in H2 0 (2 Pa)). However, the

failure mode was different for these experiments. For the

positive pressure differential experiment, the material cracked,

collapsed, and the unexposed surface of the material ignited.

In the negative pressure differential experiment the material

cracked, collapsed, and the cable ignited.

Testing with a positive pressure differential affected the

performance of the silicone e]a•9.mc~r material instaUled.-with

through openings. Two experiments were conducted with two

nominal 0.50 in. (12 mm) diameter holes in the silicone elastomer material created by pulling cables from the bundle

after the material'had been installed. One experiment was

conducted at 0.015 in H20 (3 Pa) pressure differential,

while the other experiment was conducted at -0.05 in H2 0

(-12 Pa). During the positive pressure experiment smoke and

hot gases issued through the holes. -However, the gases were

sufficiently cooled that flames from the fire side did not

issue through. the holes. After 15 min, the hot gases were

melting the cable material surrounding the holes. The smoke

and gases issuing from the holes was rich in unburned fuel

and could be ignited by a small flame source such as a

match. During the negative pressure experiment, smoke and

hot gases were not observed issuing through the holes. However,

after 27 mins, the radiant heat from the. furnace began to

melt the cable material surrounding the holes which produced

smoking on the unexposed side.

-6-
3.3 Ef fect: O.-FireExposure

Three experiments`. were conducted with a.fire lessl severe:. in

temperature than the standard temperature-time curve -specified&

in ASTM Ell9. As.. expected, temperatures on the unexposed

side of the samples for these experiments were lower than

for comparable samples subjected to a ASTM E119 fire exposure-

(Figs. 8 and. 9). Consequentially, the time to failure

increased for the samples exposed to the less severe/fire.

For example, failure. occurred at 153 mins for Experiment- P7,.

while it occurred at 177 mins for Experiment FCI..

3.4 Effect Of Changes In Sample

Changes in sample construction investigated were conductor.

type and size, cable type,, conduit or pipe type and size,

cable loading, and opening size. Results indicate that

changes- -in fire stop construction can effect the perfor-.

mance.

Changes in conductor type (copper vs. aluminum) affected

unexposed surface temperatures of the fire stop material

near the conductor (Fig. 10),. The temperature rise:near.the

copper.300 MCM cable was greater than at the aluminum

300 MCM cable. Increasing the conductor size also resulted

in increased temperature on the unexposed surface of the

fire stop material near the conductor as shown in Fig. 11.

The physical performance of different cable jacket/insu- lation types was:compared. It was observed that during each

experiment, the temperature of the cable gradually increased,

for about the first'4 in. (100 mm) above the base of the

cable on-the unexposed side of the fire stop. As the

temperature increased, each cable jacket/insulation material

reacted differently. For example, one. cable jacket/insulation material melted quickly, dripped, and the molten

material then coagulated into a mass on the surface. Another.

cable jacket/insulation material did not melt, but swelled and cracked near the base.

The size of pipe.or conduit affected the temperature of the

surrounding fire stop material as shown in Fig. 12. Based

upon the temperature at the material-pipe interface, the

temperature tended to be greater near the 3 in. pipe than at,

the smaller 1 in. pipe. The type of conduit, either steel

or aluminum, also had an effect on the surrounding fire stop material temperature as shown in Fig. 13. The temperature

at the material-pipe interface tended to be generally greater

near the aluminum conduit than near the steel conduit.

-7-
It was observed that increasing the number of cables penetrating the fire stop increased the temperature of the fire

stop material near the cables as shown in Fig. 14. The

temperature near a three layer bundle of cable was greater

than the.temperature near a one layer-bundle of cable.

The size of the opening appeared to affect the structural

integrity of the material. It was observed that for the

larger openings 6in. (152 mm), 9 in. (230 mm) and 12 in.

(30s mm), the material tended to deflect downward at the

center of the opening during fire exposure. The rate of

deflection appeared to increase with increasing opening

size. This downward deflection tended to affect the

performance of the material by causing cracks along the

periphery of the opening, which in turn decreased the

structural integrity of the material.

-8-
4. Recommendations

This reporthas provided only a limited, qualitative assessment of the effects 4due to changes in pressure differential,

fire exposure, and sample construction. It is recommended

that further study of theseldata be conducted to determine

if other effects can be ascertained, if quantitative relationships can be derived, and to define further experimental data which may be needed.,

-9-
1 .1 .

5. References

1. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Recommendations.

Related to Browns Ferry Fire, USNRC Report NUREG-0050,

February 1976. Available for purchase %from National

Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161.

2. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Water Reactor

Safety Research Program, USNRC Report NUREG-0006, February 1979.

Available for purchase from National Technical Information

Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161.

3. "IEEE Standard Cable Penetration Fire Stop Qualification Test'," IEEE 634-1978. Available for purchase from

the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.,

345 East 47th Street, New York, New York 10017.

4. "Standard Methods Of Fire Tests Of Building Construction And Materials," ASTM E119-80. Available for purchase

from the American Society For Testing And Materials,

1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103.

-10-
Table; 1

. Experimental Summary .. .

Parameter- Group Experiments. :Description..-, -

Pressure 1 P22, P19, - Pressure,..+2 to.+125 Pa;.

Differential. Pl, -P3,.P5 silicone. foam;.:cables

.2 P23, P20, Pressure,+2 -to +125 Pa;

.* :P2,:'P4, P6 silicone foam;.no cables

3 -P9, Pll- Pressure+2:and +125 Pa; _ ._.._... "_.___ ilicone.elastomer;'. cables

4 Pl0".. P12.: :'Pressure +2 .-and :+125 Pa;.:

silicone elastomer;- no

' _____ _____________ cables

5 P13, P15 . Pressure..+2 and +125 Pa;

__ _ device; cables

6 P14, P16 Pressure +2 and +125 Pa; .. _._.. _. .,device; no cables .7 P7 P8 . -Pressure..+2 and -12 Pa;

... _"_._ :. '.silicone foam; cables,-

•.8 P21 Pressure:.+125 Pa;.silicone

foam with formed crack

:9 P17,. P18 Pressure:+3 and -12 Pa;

silicone-elastomer with

two holes created by cable

pull ..

Fire 10 FCI, FC2, " Silicone -Foam - less severe

Exposure -. temperature curve -7* - Silicone Foam - ASTM E.19:-

______.___ temperature curve -

S1i 'FC3 Silicone,Elastomer -. less __.___ severe temperature curve

CLI* Silicone'Elastomer -. ASTM -

E119 temperature curve

Sample 12 CTI,; CT3` "300 MCM CU:.Cable

(Conductor . CT2, CT4 300 MCM AL Cable -

Size & Type) 13 CS1 3C/12 AWG Cable. -Silicone.

Elastomer

CS2 7C/12 AWG Cable - Silicone.

_Elastomer

CTI* 30-0 MCM Cable -Silicone

Elastomer

-- Experiment used for.comparison with others

in group "

- 11 -
Table 1 (Cont'd)

Parameter [Group Experiments Description

14 CS3 3C/12 AWG Cable - Device

CS4 7C/12 AWG Cable - Device

CT4* 300 MCM Cable - Device

Sample 15 T1 Cable Type A - Silicone

(Cable Type) Elastomer

T2 Cable Type G -Silicone

Elastomer

T3 iCable Type H - Silicone

.Elastomer

CS 2* Cable Type F -Silicone

Elastomer

16 T4 Cable Type A - Device

CS4* iCable Type F - Device

Sample 17 PSI 1 in. Steel Pipe

(Pipe) PS2 .3 in. Steel Pipe

Sample 18 CDl 1 in. Steel Conduit

(Conduit) CD2 .1 in. AL Conduit

19 CD3 3 in. Steel Conduit

CD4 3 in. AL. Conduit

Sample 20 CLi. -,One Layer of Cables

(Cable CL2 ':Three Layers of Cables

Loading) !

Sample 21 Sl j2 in. (51 mm) Opening

(Opening) S2 16 in. (152 mm). Opening

S3 9 in. (230 mm) Opening

S4 12 in. (300 mm) Opening

____ ____ ____ ____ _ A

- Experiment

in group

used for comparison With others

- 12 -
TABLE' 2

Pressure Differential Samples

Sample Floor Slab

Reference Type No.

100 I 5

101 I 2

102 I 2

Fire- Stop Material

Thickness,

Type In. (mm)

SF 6.0 (150)

SR 6.0 (150)

D 3.75 (95)

Hole 1 Hole 2

Cable Cable

Type* No. Type ýNo.

A 3 None

A 3 None

A 3 None

SF = Silicone Foam

SR ='Silicone Elastomer

D ='Fire Stop Device

* =See Appendix';A

-13 -
TABLE, 3

Pressure Differential Samples

Sample

Reference

Floor Slab

Type No.

Fire Stop Material

Thickness, Cable

Type In. (mm) Type* No.

103

103**

II

II

II

2 SF

1 SF

2 SR

6.0 (150)

6.0. (150)

2.5 (64)

B 1

B 1

B 31

SF = Silicone Foam

SR = Silicone Elastomer

* = See Appendix A

** ' Fire stop formed with a 0.38 in. (10 mm) wide

by 9.5 in. (240 mm) long by 4- in. (100 mm) deep crack, as seen from the unexposed side, along

one edge of the opening.

= Fire stop formed with two holes caused by

pulling cables out after material had cured.

Cable tray used as raceway for the cable bundle.

-14-
TABLE 4

Fire Exposure Samples

Sample Floor Slab

Reference Type No.

104 II 2

105 II 1

Fire Stop Material

Thickness,

Type In. (mm)

SF 6.0 (150)

SR 4.0 (100)

Cable

Type* No.

B 1

A 11

SF = Silicone Foam

SR = Silicone Elastomer

* = See Appendix A

-15-
TABLE 5..

Sample Constructions - Conductors

06I

0-4

0

-4

-to

0

0

.1-J

.4

owt

E-4 0*.

"1•I

.- - r- CD

mfUL~lt

a) ýjI

0

,-4

a) .i41 rml

0

ý

4

-

L44

En

E-4

0 D 0 0D000000

Un )LnUL Ln Lfl

000000-lýirCD 0 CD C)

0

4-W

En

m

0

u

,--4

.-4

-4

-4

0

0.1

C) 0

-4

x

-4

C)

C)

C)

U)

HH H H HH

C- )

04U

EE w

4-4

II SI

0

U)

0-00 mC -

-16-
TABLE 6

Sample Constructions - Penetrating Items

Sample Floor Slab

Reference Type* No.

Penetrating Items Cable Per Item

Type No. Size** Type No.

112

113

II

II

II

1

1

Steel Pipe

Steel Pipe

3

2

Steel•Conduit 3

Steel Conduit 2

1

3

3

:'None

None

A

A

A

A

1

3

114 1 AL Conduit

AL Conduit

3

2

1

3

Silicone elastomer, '4.0

stop material.

in. (100 mm) thick, used as fire

* = See Appendix A

** = Trade Size (In.)

-17-
TABLE 7

Sample Constructions - Cable Loading

Fire Stop MaterialSample Floor Slab Cable Thickness,

Reference Type* No. Type* No. 'T_ In. (mm)

115 I 1 A 11 SR 4.0 (101)

116 1 33 SR 4.0 (101)

Cables installed in 6 in. wide cable tray.

SR = Silicone Elastomer

* = See Appendix A

-18-
TABLE 8

Sample Constructions "-Opening Sizes

-Fire Stop Material

Sample 7Floor Slab Hole Diameter Thickness,

Reference :Type* No. Size In. (mm) Type In. (mm)

117

118

119

III 1 2 (51) and

6 (150)

IV 1 9 (230)

V 1 12 (300)

SF 6. 0 (150)

SF

SF

6.0 (150)

6.0 (150.)

All samples installed without cables.

SF = Silicone Foam

* = See Appendix A

-19-
TABLE 9

Pressure Differential Experiments

Group

No.

Experiment

Identification

Sample

Reference

Pressure General

In H20 (Pa) Description

1

P22

P19

P1

P3

P5

P23

P20

2 P2

P4

P6

P9

P1I

PIO0

P12

P13

P15

P14 P16

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

101

101

101

101

102

102

102

102

+0.01 (+2)

+0.05 (+12)

+0.05 (+12)

+0.50 (+125)

+0.50 (+125)

+0.01 (+2)

+0.05 (+12)

+0.05 (+12)

+0.25 (+62)

+0.50 (+125)

+0.50 (+125)

+0.01 (+2)

+0.50 (+125)

+0.01 (+2)

+0.05 (+12)

+0.50 (+125)

+0.05 (+12)

+0.50 (+125)

Silicone foam

with cables

Silicone foam

without cables

Silicone elastomer

with cables

Silicone elastomer

without cables

Device with

cables

Device without

cables

-20-
TABLE 10

Pressure Differential Experiments

Group Experiment Sample Pressure General

No. Identification Reference In H20 (Pa) Description

P7 103 +0.01 (+2) Silicone foam

P8 103 -0.05 (-12) with cable

P21 103** +0.50 (+125) Silicone foam with

formed crack

P17 103":** +0.015 (+3) Silicone elastomer

P18 103** +0..05 (-12) with two holes

created by cable

pull

-21-
TABLE ,I

Fire Exposure Experiments

Group Experiment

No. Identification

Sample

Reference

General Description

10 FC2

FC2

11 FC3

104

104

105

Silicone foam

with cable

Silicone elastomer

with cables

Experiments conducted with furnace temperature controlled

as shown in Fig. 5.

.4

-22-
TABLE 12

Sample:. Experiments:• Conductor Type & Size

Group Experiment Sample

No. Identification Reference,.'

12

13

CTM

CT2

CT3

CT4

CSl

CS2

CS3

CS4

106

106 107

107

109

108

109

108

General

Description

-Silicone elastomer -. 300MCMI Cu""

Device - 300MCM Cu

Silicone elastomer -- 300MCM AL"

Device - 300 MCM AL

Silicone elastomer - 3C/12 AWG

Silicone elastomer 7C/12 AWG

Device- 3C/12 AWG

Device - 7C/12 AWG

14

-23-
TABLE 13

Sample Experiments - Cable Type

Group

No.

Experiment Sample Identification Reference

T1

15 T2

T3

T4

110

1i0

110

General Description

Silicone elastomer

Cable Type A

Silicone elastomer

Cable Type G

Silicone elastomer

Cable Type H

16 Device - Cable Type A

-24-
TABLE 14

Group

No.

17

18

19

Sample Experiments - Conduit or Pipe Type & Size

Experiment Sample

Identification Reference General Description

PSI 112 1 in. steel pipe

PS2 112 3 in. steel pipe

CDI 113 1 in. steel conduit

CD2 114 1 in. AL conduit

CD3 113 3 in. steel conduit'

CD4 114 3 in. AL conduit

-25-
TABLE 15

Sample Experiments - Cable' Loading

Group

No.

ý.Experiment

Identification

Sample

Reference,

20 CLI

CL2

115

116

General Description

One layer of cables

Three layers of cables

-26-
TABLE 16

Sample Experiments - Size

Group

No. - 4xperiment

Identificati~on

Sample

jeference

21

S$

S2

$3

S4

117 117

118

119

General

Description

2 in. (51 mm) opening

6 in. (152 mm) opening

9 in. (230 mm) opening

12 in. (305 mm) opening

-27-
TABLE. 17

Flame Occurrence Time - Pressure Experiments

Pressure in H20-.,.(Pa) Experiment -Identification Time (Min)Y

0.05

0.25

0.50

+12

+62

+125

PI

P3

P5

116

110

112

-28-
29
1

4 >v,°II

KV ý -. ~ J

CBi-2%

2~ 1* Ao pt- (i jp ýwsc <+;fo

*30
SMALL SCALE

EXPOSURE

HORIZONTAL

FURNACE

OBSERVATION PORTS

Figure 3.- Furnace

-31-
Figure 4 - Enclosure

-3-2-
-i_ -L----_ __"

.I, _ 

- -- ' -I 

-1-,i____ _ __

Figure 5 - Temperature-Time Curve

-33-

IM
i--

• I-

>21

Temperature Rise Through The Material At The Center*Of Fire Stop

SIt

-I

Figure 6 - The Rate Of Propagation Of 725 F (285 C) Temperature (Experiments Pl, P3, P5)

34
4

__ -. __ __

____ 'I.. ___ ____

IU,

C..j

Temperature Rise Through The Device At 1.5 In. (38 mm) From The Center

Q- N

CL

Figure 7 - The Rate Of Propagation Of 300 F (149 C) Temperature

(Experiments P14, P16)

35
ULUJ

l-I

LUJ

CLUrf

cmn

LU

CD

C-_

LU

P-J

'-4

I--

U,

U,

See Figure B7

7--, Ficrure T110

0

0

.1-

14

(aJ

UJ

*

I

I Lj0

!

4-))

•

Figure 8 - Unexposed Surface TemperaturesOf Fire Stop Material

:(Standard Versus Special:Fire Exposure)

36
CIj

clý

U-) W

4--

WI

LLCD

Li21

wCD

L0J

wD

('a

I

U-

-J

(n

2,

u~)

4M

* See Figure B20

See Figure BIl

4

0

0.

-H

* -1

I

i

Figure 9 -,Unexposed Surface Temperatures. Of Fire Stop Materiall

(Standard Versus Special Fire. Exposure)

37
! .

cg

LLJ

C-)

Cf_)

LLJ

w

L-w

C- w

w

Cr)

LLJ

I.

S

* See. Figure B12

In

r-.

in

B

0

0

.H.

0

Figure 10 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop Material (Copper Versus:Aluminum Conductor)'

V?
Oj

U)

M:

w

HLLJ

H-'

.09 C:)

LLJ

w

2:

Ir,

U,

I U*)

* See Figure B13

** See Figure B12

o

0

Cu

.H

0

•o4

l

I

0

Figure 11 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop Material

(conductor Size)

39
LU

F--

LLJ

r)

M--

Lli

LLJ

ry

En

LLJ

Cf-)

UU)

w_

U)

X~

w

(~J

l-~1

8-4

U,

IUL"

I

U,

.Ic I

*See Figure B17

-4

2

un

.H

m 0

Figure 1-2 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop Material (Pipe Size)

40
F-L

Lij

CD,

Cr)

cDj

Lj

177

?* See Figure B11

* See Figure B18

.Ini

-~ ~I1 ;'

0U

-J

1-c

Lfl0

Figure 13 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire:Stop Material-.

(Steel Versus-Aluminum Conduit).

41
CJ

Of

Lr)

M

H-J

CDi

Ur)

wL

ILL LfI V ~I -- a - *See-Figure B20

Or

4-)

rd

0

0

ý-I

(N

do

0H

•

I LkJ

0

.14

.

4J i .4J

!I

Figure 14 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop Material

(Cable LoadingI)

42
APPENDIX A

Sample Details

Floor Slabs - The reinforced concrete floor slabs were

36 in. (915 mm) by 36 in. (915 mm) by 6 in. (150 mm) thick.

The slabs were cast with openings as shown in Fig. Al. The

concrete consisted of one part Type I portland cement,

2.13 parts sand, and 3.45 parts gravel by bulk volume and

mixed with about 7 gal of water per bag of cement.. The

strength of the concrete, as determined from standard 6 in.

(150 nmm) by 12 in. (305 mm) cylinders aged 28 days at room

temperature, ranged between 3290-3430 psi (22.68-23.65 MPa)

and averaged 3350 psi (23.10 MPa). The 28 day unit weight

was 146.7 pcf (2.35 Mg/mr3 ).

Silicone Foam And Silicone Elastomer -The materials

were two-component silicone systems. The mixing ratio of

-Parts A and-B was 1:1 on a volume basis and in accordance

with the manufacturer's installation instructions. The free

rise densities were between 27.5-32.0 pcf (0.44-0.51 Mg/m 3 )

for the silicone foam and 86.0-89.0 pcf (1.38-1.43 Mg/m 3 )

for the silicone elastomer.

Fire Stop Device - The devices used-consisted of three

components. Steel pressure discs, 0.365 in. (9 mm) thick,

were located one at the top and one at the bottom. Between

the steel discs were two layers of 1 in. (25 mm)* thick

intumescent material with a 1 in. (25 mm) thick neoprene

grommet at the center. The devices were installed by

tightening screws until the grommet material squeezed around

the cables and the inside of the opening.

Cables -Seven types of cables were used in these

experiments. Details of their construction are shown in

Table Al.

Cable Trays - The cable ttay used was a steel, openladder type, nominally 6 in. (150 mm) wide, with 3.375 in.

(86 mm) side rails, and a 9 in. (230 mm) spacing between

rungs.

Pipe And Conduit - The 1 in. and 3 in. trade size,

schedule 40 steel pipe was used. Also 1 in. and 3 in. rigid

steel and aluminum conduits were used.

-43-
Cable Conductor

T No./Size Type

G 7/12AWG Cu

Cable Cross

Section

DiaMeter,

Generic Description In. (rm)

EPR-Hypalon/Hypalon 0.785

(19.9)

Insulation/Jacket

Material

Ethylene propylene

rubber/chlorosulphonated polyethylene

Approximate

Conductor

Insulation/

Jacket

Thickness,

In. (ram)

Cable

Jacket Material

.0.028/0.017 .Chlorosulphonatec

(0.71/0.43) polyethylene

ApproxirMte

Cable

Jacket

Thickness,

o0. 134' (3.14)

0.054 (14)

0.062 (1.6)

0.050 (1.3)

0.056 (1.42)

I

I

H 7/12AWG Cu XLPO/XLPO

F 7/12AWG Cu PE-PVC/PVC

'A 7/12AWG Cu PVC-NYLaN/PVC

B 3/12AWG Cu PE-PVC/PVC

0.493

(12.5)

0. 602

(15.3)

0.515

(13.1)

0.445

(11.3)

0.821

(20.8)

0. 832

(21.1)

Crosslinked

polyolefin

Polyethylene/

Polyvinyl chloride

0.030/-

(0.76/-)

0.029/0.012 Polyvinyl

(0.74/0.31) chloride

Crosslinked

polyolef in

Polyvinyl chloride/ 0.022/0.006 Polyvinyl

nylon (0.56/0.15) chloride

Polyethylene/

Polyvinyl chloride

Polyvinyl chloride

0.039/0.012 Polyvinyl

(0.99/0.30) Chloride

C 300MCM Cu PVC

E 300MCMM AL PVC

0.149

(3.78)

Polyvinyl chloride 0.140

(3.56)

to ýa
+ i~~~ll K 

I - +•,

_________ 4-4. I... 4- L4AL

- _ _ _ _-4

TYk II

12- 2iý

42

__________________ .4.

TYP -V

ALL SLABS -' NOMINAL 36 x 36 x 6 IN. THICK

Figure Al - Floor Slabs

-45-
APPENDIX B

Instrumentation

-Unexposed Surface Temgeratures - Temperatures on the

unexposed surface of the fire stop were measured with

No. 28 gague:Chromel Alumel thermocouples. The thermocouple bead was held against the surface and covered With a 0.75 by

0..75 by 0.156 in. (19 by 19 by 4 mm) asbestos pad. Locations

of these thermocouples are shown in Figs. Bi - B21.

Fire Stop Material Temperatures - Temperatures within

the silicone elastomer in experiments P1, P3 and P5 were

measured with No. 28 gauge Chromel Alumel thermocouples with

a 0.062 in. (1.6 mm) diameter inconel shield. Temperatures

between layers of the device in experiments P14 and P16 were

measured with unshielded No, 28 gauge Chromel Alumel thermocouples. The locations of these thermocouples are shown in

Fig. B22.

Furance Temperatures - Furnace temperatures were measured

with three shielded thermocouples of the type specified in

ASTM E119. The thermocouples were located 12 in. (305 mm)

.from the exposed surface and symmetrically distributed

within the +furnace chamber.

Pressure Differential - The pressure differential at the

exposed surface with respect to the unexposed surface was

measured with probes connected to a manometer or electronic

barometer. The probes were located as shown in Fig. B23.

-46-
T.C. Location

Al

A2

A3

B1

Cl

In contact with cable jacket and

1/2 in. from cable

3/4 in. from cable

1 in. from periphery-of-silicone

Center of silicone foam

silicone foam

foam

Group 1 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. BI

-47-
V

T.C.

B 1

B2

Cl

C2

Location

At periphery of silicone foam

1/2 in. from periphery of silicone foam

Center of silicone foam

1-1/2 in- from periphery of silicone foam

Group 2 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B2

-48-
T.C.

A1

A2

A3

Bl

Cl

Location

In contact with cable jacket and silicone foam

1/2 in. from- cable

3/4 in.i 'from cable

1 in. from periphery of silicone foam'

Center of silicone foam..

Group 3 Thermocouple Location

Fig. B3

-49-
T.C.

B1

B2

Cl

C2

Location

At periphery of silicone foam

1/2 in. from periphery of silicone foam

Center of silicone foam

1-1/2 in. f--om periphery of silicone foam

Group 4 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B4

-50-
T.C.

Al

A2

B1

C1

..Location

1/2 in. from cable

3/4 in. from cable

1/2 in. from periphery-of- device

Center of device

Group 5 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B5

-51-
T.C.

B1

Cl

C2

C3

C4

Location

1/2 in. from periphery of device

1-1/2 in. from periphery of device

1-1/2 in. from periphery of device

1-1/2 in. from periphery of device

Center of device

Group 6 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B6

-52-
gal

OAI

.13Z 0C2

*AZ

T.C.

Al

A2

Bi

B2

Cl

C2

Location

1/2 in. from cable

3/4 in. from cable

At periphery of silicone foam

1/2 in. from periphery of silicone foam

3 in, from periphery of silicone foam

3 in. from periphery of silicone foam

Group 7 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B7

-53-
pA 3

5Z5

* A2

A4

T.C. Location

Al

A2

A3

A4

Bl

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

Cl

C2

In contact with cable jacket and silicone foam

In contact with:cable jacket and silicone-foam

1/2 in. from cable

3/4 in. from cable

At periphery of: silicone foam

1/2 in. from periphery of silicone foam

At periphery of drack in foam

2-5/8 in. from centerline, 3/16 in. from periphery

On centerline, 3/16 in. from periphery

,2-5/8 in. from centerline, 3/16 in. from periphery

3 in. from periphery of silicone foam

3 in. from periphery of silicone foam

Group: 8:Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B8

-54-
'A77

C'

ala a

. C3

T.C. Locations

Al •In contact with cable jacket and silicone elastomer,

A2 Over center hole in silicone elastomer

A3 Over center hole in silicone elastomer

A4 1 in. from cable..

A5 Center of hole in silicone elastomer

A6 Center of hole in silicone elastomer

A7 Unexposed surface in contact. with tray and silicone

elastomer

A8 1 in. from tray

A9 1 in. from tray

A10 In contact with cable, jacket, cable tray and

silicone • elastomer

B1 At periphery of silicone elastomer

B2 At periphery of silicone elastomer

C1 1-1/2 in. from tray

C2 1-1/2 in. from periphery of hole

C3 2-1/4 in. from periphery of hole

Group 9 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B9

-55-
. .

9132

AZ

T.C. Location

Al

A2

B1

B2

Cl

C2

1/2 in. from cable

3/4'in. from cable

At periphery of silicone foam

1/2 in. from periphery, of silicone foam

3 in. from periphery of silicone foam

3*in..from periphery of silicone foam

Group 10 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. Bl0

-56-
T.C. Location

Al In contact with cable tray, cable jacket and

silicone elastomer

A2 In contact with cable jacket and silicone elastomer

A3 Center cable in contact with cable jacket

A4 In contact with cable jacket and silicone elastomer

A5 3 in, from edge of tray, 3-ý/8 in. from back of

tray

A6 1-1/2 in. from tray

A7 1 in. from edge of tray, 1-1/2 in. from front of

tray

A8 1 in. from tray

A9 1 in. from tray

B1 In contact with silicone elastomer and concrete

B2 At periphery in contact with concrete and silicone

elastomer

Cl 2-1/14 in. from periphery of hole

C2 1-1/2 in. from periphery of hole

Group 11 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B1l

-57-
T.C.

Al

A2

A3

A4

B1

Location

1/16 in. from cable jacket

1/16 in. from cable jacket

1/2 in. from cable jacket

1/2 in. from cable jacket

1/4 in. from periphery of hole

Group 12 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B12

-58-
T.C'.

Al

A2

A3

A4

Bi

Location

1/16 in. from cable jacket

1/16 in. from cable jacket

1/2 in. from cable jacket

1/2 in. from cable jacket

1/4 in. from periphery of hole

Group 13 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B13

-59-
T.C.

Al

A2

A3

A4

Bl

Location

1/16 in. from cable jacket

1/16 in. from cable jacket

1/2 in. from cable jacket 1/2 in. from cable jacket

1/4 in. from periphery of hole

Group 14 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B14

-60-
T.C.

Al

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

Bi

B2

Cl

Location

1/16 in. from cable jacket

1/16 in. from cable jacket

1/2 *n. from cable jacket

1/2 in. from cable jacket

1/4 in. from cable jacket

1/2 in. from cable jacket

1/4 in. from periphery of hole

At periphery in contact with concrete and silicone

elastomer

1/2 in. from periphery of hole

1-1/2 in. from cable jacket

Group 15 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B15

-61-
T.C.

Al

A2

A3

A4

B1

Location

1/16 in. from cable jacket 1/16 in.. from cable jacket 1/2 i!:. from Cable jacket 1/2 in. from cable jacket 1/4 in. from periphery of hole

Group 16 Thermocouple Locations Fig. B16

-62-
BII .A2

0 .A3

*A7

AS A4

A6

T.C.

Al

.A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

B1

C1

-Location

In contact with pipe and, silicone elastomer

2-1/21 in. from periphery, 1/2 in. from center pipe

2-1/2 in. from periphery, 1/2 in. from pipe

1/2 in. from pipe, 3-1/2 in. from periphery

In contact with 3 in...pipe and silicone

3-1/2 in. from periphery

1/2 in. from center of 3 in. pipe

At periphery in contact with concrete and silicone

elastomer

5 in. from periphery

Group 17 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B17

-63-
I

T.C.

A2

A3

B1

Cl

..Location

In Contact with pipean siliconeelastomer

2-1/2 

2-l/t 

in. 

in. from 

from periphery 

periphery of of hole, hole, 1/2 1/2 in. in. from from pipe At periphery in contact with concrete and silicone

elastomerin. from% periphery of-hole

GrouLp 18 Thermocouple Locations

FLg. B18

-64-
00Q

0".

*A7

ASA

40 A

T.C.

A4

A5

A6

A7

Location

1/2 in. from pipe, 3-1/2 in. from periphery

In. contact with silicone eiastomer and 3 in. pipe

3-1/2 in. from-periphery

1/2 in. from center of 3 in. pipe

Group 19 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B19

-65-
A5 S

A7

W6

B2 .Ab

Ba

0

C,

AS A9

0 *A8 ,A9

ocz

T.C. Location

Al Corner of cable tray in contact with cable tray, cable

jacket, and silicone elastomer

A2 Center of cabledin contact with cable jacket and silicone

elastomer

A3 In contact with center cable and silicone elastomer

A4 Center cable in contact with cable jacket and silicone

elastomer

A5 4-5/16 in. from periphery of hole

A6 1-1/4 in. from back of tray, in contact with tray and

silicone elastomer

A7 1 in. from tray

A8 1 in. from tray

A9 1 in. from tray

A10 Center cable in contact with cable jacket and silicone

elastomer

All 1 in. from tray

Bl At periphery in contact with concrete and silicone elastomer

B2 At periphery in contact with concrete and silicone

elastomer

Cl 1-1/2 in. from periphery of hole

C2 2-1/4 in. from periphery of hole

Group 20 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B20

-66-
%CcI

*C3

I

T.C.

BI

B2

B3

B4

Cl

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

Location+

At periphery in contact with concrete and silicone

foam

At' periphery in contact with concretel and silicone

foam

At periphery in contact with concrete and silicone

foam

At periphery in contact with concrete and silicone

foam

Center of 2 in. diameter 'hole

Center of 6 i~n. diameter hole

1-1/2 in. from periphery of hole

Center of 9 in. diameter hole

2-1/4 in. from periphery of hole

2-1/4 in. from periphery of hole

Center of 12 in. diameter hole

3-1/4 in. from periphery of hole

3-1/4 in. from periphery of hole

Group 21 Thermocouple Locations

Fig. B21

-67-
p

P14, P16

P2, P4, P6

SECTION B-B

SECTION A-A

* THERMOCOUPLE LOCATION

Figure B22 - Location Of Thermocouples Within

Fire Stop

-68-
91 o _ __ 17"---,,,

36"

36 SolI

Pressure Probe Location

Fig. B23

-69-
APPENDIX C

Experimental Results

Unexposed Surface Temperatures- The recorded temper- ature of each thermocouple was plotted versus time for each experiment. These graphs are shown in Figs. Cl-C65.

Experiment Duration And Flaming Times - The experiment duration and time at which flaming occurred on the unexposed side are shown in Tables Cl-C3.

-70-
Table Cl

Duration And Time To'Flamin?

For Pressure Differential Experiments

Experiment Duration (Min.) Time To Flaming (Min.)

P22

P19

P1

P3

P5

P23

P20

P2

P4P6

P9, Plo

PII, P12

215

88

117

112

113

215

88

117

112

113

270

245

185

155

156

106

125

125

NR

86

116

110

112

208

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

P13,

P16

P14, P15,

P7

P8

NR

153

154

104

I

P21

P1i

P18 NR

* - Smoke, rich in unburned fuel, which issued

through hole was ignited by match several

times during the-experiment

NR - Flaming did not occur during experiment

-71'-
Table C2

Duration And Time To Flaming

For Fire ExposureExperiments

Experiment

FC1

FC2

FC3

Duration (Min.)

180

212

270

Time To Flaming (Min.)

177

211

NR

NR - Flaming did not occur during experiment
Table: C3

Duration.And Time To :-Flaming'.

_For Sample Experiments

Experiment

CTl, CT2

CT3,' CT:4

CSI, CS2

CS3, CS4

Ti, Ti, T3,

T4

PS1i PS2

CDl, CD1

CD3, CD4

CLI, CL2

Si

$2

S3

S4

Duration (Min.)

245""

245

245

245

Time To .Flaming (Min.)

245

270

270

170

270

120

120

132

125

NR

NR

NR

NR

.NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

NR

119

131

124

NR - -Flaming did not occur during experiment
LfJ

.n

n•

(-n

CD

ntM

cm

iL

* See Figure Bi

*1

I- i- I IIC K- *

Figure Cl - Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop

Material

-74-
Cn_

0~

w

uLJ

LL.

.r')

MI

CD

C.r)

LI_

CL-)

W

. I)

wL

L-J

0,

-4

LII)

,. I.-

U,)

U-,

UU U-)

* See Figure B1

I -J

tj cc

Figure C2 -,Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop Material

-75-
Cf' (ln

CK_

F--

0:

CDFLii

U-)

c-:

C_3

Lr)

cD

wO

0~

ILA-

-4

* See Figure B1

'-4 _

4

9-

Figure C3 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Matprial

-.76-
~4k A

I--l

LU:

r---

C0•

CD

r-)

U-Li

-4

A LL-

* See Figure B1

Fir C

•' I

Figure C4 - Unexposed Surface Temnperatures Of-Fire Stop M4aterial1

-77-
cn

w-L

1-)

0::ý

C)

C-)

LiJ

12

ILL-

* See Figure BI

R'

.- J

I

I I-

.-J

l

!

!

i

!

!

I

I--

Figure C5 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop Material

-78-
L-LIi

I- .......i 1 1 ........... j

CD C\-4

K ......

LI\-

CfI- __ ____ .,, __ 

F4

.n

w- - -- -I

LF C

*See Figure B2

-Figure C6 -Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Unexposed Surface

-79-
.Lfl

U,ý

CDf

cn

LIj

H-_

CD.

0O

Cr)

Li_

Ucn3

CD

CD

U--

Ln~

L* L LU

LU

U-m

LU

95.

LOm9

LO,

nt

LI) U,

* See Figure B2

=-

-J

Figure C7 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of. Fire Stop Material

-80-
CO)

LLJ

U-)

LU

Cl-ý

LUI

F-77

ICL

U-)

C"'

LL,

I-

(Vy W'J- .- Lf) U- C"'

* See Figure B2

-J

U~t

CD

I-- • i

!

Figure C8 Unexposed Surface Teiriperatures .. Of Fire Stop lMaterial

-81-
~-6

cn

H--

C-D cn

LLJ

LLJ

F--

CcD

Hcm

LLJ

w

LC)

w

(f)

0X

U-•

CLl

u-I

CL

u-I

meI

2E

UjLN~

Ur) Ur) UL) If) r- , 3 --I

* See Figure B2

ci

4-.

1

i

I

i

Figure C9 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop-Material

-82-
LLJ

LLJ F--

r)

CD

LO

LLJ

U-.i

C)

Cf)

C.0

CD

r-)

wO

1D

IIAJ

LUJ

Li

Am

LALii

IU,. UO

* See Figure B2

C3 -4

-J

=4

C3 __4

I

I

I

I

!

Figure C10 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop Material

-83-
C\J

CD

'CY)0,.

CL9

L&U

ULLr_

b

09

CýI UO

wLLJ

0nwC.

Ln~

4-L

LA3

L--,

A.W: C\J.

* See Figure B3

~

"I.' I

-c~J -~ I-J

I I

Figure Cl--- Unexposed. Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop Material

-84-
LLJ

CO

LL

LHIll

CL

GD_

HZO

I0LJ

Lh.

ICaii

R ) -C 5 

* See Figure B3

CO4

<r~ I

i

m-I

.- _ 9--,

Figure ClI -Unexposed Surface Temperatures of ;Fire "Stop I Materil

-85-
Li

I----

0)

CD)

0C)

_ ---- --

LLJ cn

nw.:

Xl

LL

w

0-

U-i

•". I • •:: • •. •1- . -. .. I w . -" - - : :'] :

.: ..1.•:- :•. :. . -,• :.:i --- \ V: -:- -. ..• .: :-•.•.i _ .:....: __.• 

_ _,. .. . . _ _• . . . , . (. . .: . : . . . •

• "\ -1- L1V"W !WLA\ LJJ~

-4j

Na

If)

Ul'

UO-4.

U0~

LO

*,See Figure B4

4-4

I-- ~rJ

-j

I e-~'

0

'-4

I--

Figure. C13 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop Material

-86-
• ! k - .. . • •• I : • -4,-• 

w IN

H - _ _ _ _ _ ..

..... . ..... .

Cr)

Cr)

LL• . _ ._._ _ • _

_I _ _A _ I I . _ 

UIS

• See Figure B4

Figure C14 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop Material

-87-
LUJ

LLJ

-. 4

t53 1.

LuC-)

4-,

(Cf)

cDf

c.%I

-4

~ I-

•m

* See Figure B5

CD * !

!

I

!

!

I:

Figure C15 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

-88-
CD)

FLj-j

LO

CD

n-

(JD,

LMi

LOi

ME

LLLLi

* See Figure B51.

Figure C16 - Unexposed. Surface.,Temperatures of Fire --Stop Materia i--

-89-.
Cr,

LU

n

LU

LU

0-

Cf)

CO

CD)

LU

n

LLJ

L.)

CD

LUJ

Gf

'-4 LA2

.4m

i.

* See Figure B6 a

6*

I

l 6*

II

I

i

I

!

CiL

I

Figure C17 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

-90-
.q-4

0'

Iy,,

CD

On

LLJ

.ry

F-l

LLJ

C)

F-i

L)

ZD

CL

ILLLY

-I

* See Figure B6

'-4 i

I a-N

I

LI 9 )

*1 6*

Figure C18 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of. Fire Stop Material

-91-
LL..!

lr~ - L ... 7.T..~... 

7 •

F--

W I. 

------

-

VN- 

] it

FE -

I 

'

o• 

I 

.

"

I.," 

I"- 

. ..-----

'X 

j..:iI- 

.

.. _ _ .. i. 

- - I-•

LL.

I-L 

i--- I .-

: 

..

"u I 

( ,- . * * *

see Figure B7-

Figure C19 - Unexposed Surface :.Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

-92-
%•i •!• •!• •.i•!•.i•

U-)

-7t

U.1 ) - 77-- 

ZD - fw.

-7 -7

'n I

I I I (.0e

- IT

A Vc 4

cI I

L4Li

LAI,

I .. LLL ILLLLLL 7

*See Figure B7

I I m

Figure. CIO_- Unexposed -Surf ace. Teimperatures-of Fire' Stop. Materiail

-"93-
CDHLT-Y

UJ)"

U-I

CDn

Lai

- ---

/

•-H-- .- f .

I---, . -- ' -.- -I . -'-

LL I.. LL1 ..L,1 1 1 Ll i IIIL

LO

LIn

En

In

LOLi-)

H-,

LAFLU

\J.

I', c'J

-4

In In

* See Figure B8

1 1.

r C, eo I , ,,

S....', Figure, C21i - Unexposed Surface.,.Texnperatures of ,Fire. Stop Mater ial

• ... " .. -94- • .
cn :~ 7 >7L

F--

CD_ 0~

* --

cn

w

LL

W

LLJ

LO

w

L-)

<U-C:

n-f

clu-I

- - -- - ' _)7 

, . 7

r 7

K---T---

__I-

_21 17-Z __

I I.I I I 1 I ' I:1 I ; -I I .I II ________I_ ~ l t I t

-4

0Y)

C.7)

co

U-)

CM

CM

U.-)

U-)

u-I

Lj

UjI

0-

t,) U-O U~)

,t,)

* See Figure B8

c CI

Figure C22 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

-95-
'-4

Co

Lii

CL

HEL

CLcii

* Lii

F--

R

tLi

CL-_

cm

L]ii

S-i

LIJ

L41 Lu3

'-4

cIU,

cm aa :.K . Ln tm Ln

Lr) in -- m

See Figure B8

-J

I-

-J

*

C4,

Figure C23 Unexposed Surfaoe,Teinperatures of,' Fiýpre,:toMatea

-96-
.- 7 -7 '-

757<

\j< 7 -. - . 4l.l .~ I " - \. .

z , .._j.. ..,. _ . .. .. •. ¶;:,•.

LL " .'- ,. - - -I 1i

-l -'

I I. {

cm I

FiueC4-uepsd - raeTmeaue of Fire.StpMtra

CD 00

4--_7

.1Q

cI..

12.

I~

I-£LL JLL

*See Figure 9

:Figure C24 - nrexposed ,Surface, Temperatures of Fire Stop Mlaterial

-97-
LfJ

wi

Cwr

0LJ

wL

CD

Fl-

(L0

wZ

.-4

-4J

I-T

Rt

FR)

U'

1-4

* See Figure B9

4.-

II

I-I.

I

Figure C25 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of-Fire Stop,-Material

-98-
U)

wL

F-

-cL2

r)CD

0n

1LLLi~

C-)

cLJ

Lii

-4

-4

4-4

L-43

uV)

" ••• I-. _ •..J.".• L -4 W ".L • • W• -77- " .-. .L/ • i•

* See Figure B9

4t I

Figure C26 Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

-99-
-4

See Figure B9

g.

-J

I

I

I

I!

I

I

!

1Ir

I

I

Figure C27- Unexposed Surface Tempiratures of Fire Stop Material

-100-
C2

C\J

LL.

w

.LZJ

CJD

=L_ .LiJ

Cf)

Cm.z

w•_

ZD

Li

I--

UL)

See Figure B9

po s d Se T- S M i. . Figuire C28 - Unexposed Surface Temperatu'res of-Fire Stop Material

I01
F9J

CD

F--

Cf-) Hl--

C•r

CD

0_

UUCD,

MQ tm

CO

LUJ

LUj aLLUJ

;2:

__

um

(M

m

ULLUT

LUJ

I R U')

* See Figure B9

6%rf CD

-j

Figure C29 . Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

102
T-7

Lii

LO~

Cr) U)

------ ---- 1 . ' a

-I -

I _

w -)

CO

c~f-) -. nU

UU

Figure C30 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Ma terial

103
Co

Cfn

Lw

CD

cfm

C- UGD

L-J

tCD

LiiJ

CLU

U-)

~ Li~

I.-

U,

ULLT

* See Figure BIC

I-

*

Figure. C3I-- :posed Surface Temperatures of Fire StopMaterial

104
LOLLJ Cf)

F--

FGDLLJ

CD

cn

(ID

LLJ

CD

0-~

UL4-

Lii

1±.

-h 1 4- 7T7T7~.

I) t -1 I I

I 1

___ __ K H

-H

____ I -___ ) -4

__ -~4.

-i-- _ _ I -1

I . I.

H--- L -~

/ I

_ ( -l

- - --.----- .4- \.. J.~ -I

-4.-.----

-i

I -i

* .. ' *1

__ __ - I.

F- -1- I ...

~I ~LLLLa1 EJILWIiWLL

Co

Cr,

LO

0f)

LO*

Cm

U')

CQ

U-)

2

LL.

LU.

aLL*J

CL

Seec' Figure B10

Cl'J U-,

Figure C32 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

05
TT)

LIJ •!:.. .. Cm ------ ----- ..

LL] .. ' l " t/ •-

I; . i ' 4 J/ .1"

...•- .. . ... -I- .. . .. . ... .. . . .. . . . . $... ...•.. . .... . ... . ... . -

n 7 -- -- - 1 

CD

LL.L

4. .. . -1

H- ' ! F • -•M 

('-F -i• ! -, ... : J 

L. . .

- - - "- --- --

LA-l

F- -4

• e . Ca

(IJ. . .- .-.

SeFigure C3B1 nxoedSraeTmertrso0reSo~ tra

C3 C:) C.

t- N -- ~----

_ _ __A

Figure C33 -Unexposed Surface Temperatures -of Fire Stop Material

106
cn

Ci

I-L

CfL

LiJ

f-)

0)-

CD

LiJ

CY

UL.J

--ii•~~ •.... \....... i

7

>j 7

ji 7

k

~ K

*~%K

-- ------- - -1

J- .1 L J-- II -

. - M 

M LOIIl ....

ULL

IrU-i F--

I f L l L

L L-L I IJI-1- L

*See Figure BlI

C" Cli

Figur CK

Figure C34 - Unexposed surface:Temperatures

o

of Fire Stop Material

107
-7 - - - - - - O

Liin

FC L_ . - . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CD _ \ " -

\~

.. ,I . . -- • . .. .

. . . .. ......... .....

I 0-

Cr).)

CL ,

(..n.-- - - - L4- 7- ... ..

U-I

cU ...... CM4

LL-J

FiueC5-Uepsd ufc eprtrs fFr tpMtra

C 108
.. . ....... Lr

i-..i

n' I n

C-)

t A

LL-I. . OI

-~ N. 4 r)

... . m .- 1 C . " , "

'"I• \ :. . ... \ ! .' M ,• C .: i - ," . - i: - " - .

tm

IVLii. t'.

U-) :A i

L__r I V • \ . 1. I ... . . .. -•" H•. " .,

j Cn. . .. . L

.H'.-- -I *.\ , ...".;\ i J . ;.. 1 J " - .,. . :

C . L C"an 

C" ~ L.C) LU)

Figure C36 -Unexposed Surface Temperat . ures of Fire Stop.. Material'

109
FL$-..

CYu

CLL

C-D

F.-D

Cfu

UlU-J

L.)

LLU

LUJ

LUJ /

7

-4--... i. .

4.'

4...

r1~

7

-1 --*~~~

tw

-7•

C\I

rm

Ljr)

(T)

Cm

-Ij

ILL.

LILU

CM

LO

LO

* See Figure BEi

3- e seT

C31 -unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

110
----- -V. > I .. 1 ...

l-~ -- nf ir-i: .- .U-)

.-= .. 4 T .-..

W,. J LO_"

/- I I ..L_ ILI?

A .I ___,•

CT- ""--

' I r

CfCD

-iii

_< LO)

LziO

I -- C

Figure C38 -Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Ma Lterial
C.'J

SLLJ

1LC-) (_)3WLLJ

CD >

-.-

Cr x

U~-)

C\i

0,)

Ur)

Cq

tm LA

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Figure C39 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

-112-
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Figure C4'0 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Materi'al

-113-
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Figure C31 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

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Figure C42 Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire.Stop Material

.4

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Figure C43 - Unexposed Surface.-Temperatures of Fi~re Stop M4aterial

., i . - -116-. .
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C44 - .Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

-117-
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Figure C45 -Unexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop Material

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Figure C46 r Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

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Figure C47 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

-120-
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Figure C48 ,- Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire stop Material

-121-
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Figure C49 - Iunexposed Surface Temperatures .of Fire Stop Material

-122-
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Figure C50 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

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Figure C52 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

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-126-
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Figure C54 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

.- 127-
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Figure C55 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire• Stop Material

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ii SL

FiueC6-Uepsd ufc eprtrs fFr tpMtra

129
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F igure C57 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

130
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Figure C58 -- Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire.Stop Material

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Figure C59 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

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Figure C60 - Unexposed Surface Temperaturesof Fire Stop Material

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Figure C61 " Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

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Figure C62 - Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

135
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Y igure C63 -Utnexposed Surface Temperatures Of Fire Stop Material

136
I

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t igure C64 - Unexposed Surface .Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

137
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Figure C65 -. Unexposed Surface Temperatures of Fire Stop Material

138
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