S. Bruce Scaggs 

Assistant Public Printer 

(Operations and Procurement) 

M. Joseph Cannon 

Assistant Public Printer 

(Finance and Planning) 

Joseph E. Jenifer 

Public Printer 

(Acting) 

Donald E. Fossedal 

Assistant Public Printer 

(Superintendent of Documents) 

James N. Joyner 

Assistant Public Printer 

(Administration and 

Resources Management) 
Revenues exceeded 

$1 billion for the 

first time in GPO's 

history 

Once again, the 

RRC sustained 

yearend losses 

GPO's aging 

Record presses 

must be replaced 

Public Printer's Message 

Fiscal year 1989 was a period of transition for the Government Printing Office 

(GPO}, bringing into clear relief the strategic course that GPO must follow if it is 

to continue as an effective instrument of Federal information policy. Chief among 

these is the need to build on the achievements of the last decade in improving 

the efficiency of GPO's conventional printing and distribution operations. The 

ongoing integration of electronic information technologies into GPO's operations 

must be accelerated, in addition to continued expansion of product and service 

options. Finally, GPO must act on the long-standing need for a modern, efficient 

facility. Progress was made in each of these areas during the year. 

At yearend, GPO realized a consolidated net income of $9.1 million on total 

revenues of $1.019 billion, marking the first time in GPO's history that revenues 

exceeded $1 billion. Total expenses were $1.010 billion. Net income from 

purchased printing activities increased over 1988 to $6.5 million, due to an 

increase in procurement activity. Net income from sales of publications also 

increased to $5.2 million, as the result of a gain in orders for Government 

books. However, continued losses in regional printing, combined with a reduction in net income from Central Office printing due to a substantial decrease in 

Congressional work, resulted in a loss of $2.7 million from in-plant printing 

operations. 

Once again, this year's loss in regional printing operations was directly 

attributable to GPO's Rapid Response Center (RRC}, located at the Washington, 

DC, Navy Yard. A declining workload has made the RRC an expensive and 

inefficient operation that has outlived its purpose. This problem was recognized 

as long ago as 1983, when GPO sought the approval of the Joint Committee on 

Printing (JCP} to relocate RRC operations to the Central Office plant on North 

Capitol Street. Instead, the RRC was reconfigured to handle the workload that 

was expected to result from the planned closure of many agency printing plants, 

which never occurred. 

Since then, despite repeated efforts to improve the RRC, the plant has suffered 

a persistent downward trend in chargeable hours, resulting in a decade of 

cumulative losses approaching $10 million. Although GPO was able to absorb 

these losses in previous years, the precarious condition of the RRC now 

jeopardizes the financial health of GPO's entire in-plant printing operation. This 

year GPO again asked the JCP for approval to relocate the RRC to prevent further losses and eliminate this drain on the Government's printing dollar. No JCP 

action was taken, however. 

The JCP also declined again this year to act on GPO's documented need to 

replace its four aging web letterpresses, used to print the Congressional Record 

and the Federal Register, with modern offset web presses. This new equipment 

is essential to GPO's efforts to modernize pressroom operations. The existing 

presses, three of which were installed in 1952, use an antiquated printing technology and require excessive staffing. Spare parts have to be manufactured inhouse, since they are no longer available. 
Employment has 

been reduced by 

30 percent over the 

decade 

Staffing Levels 

(FTE's at yearend) 

5,331 

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 

Investment In 

alternative formats 

increased 

As anyone who relies on the Congressional Record and the Federal Register 

knows, blurred pages, illegible characters, and irregular ink coverage have become regular features of these publications. Deplorable as it is, this level of 

quality is the best that can be attained with the present equipment. Because of 

their age, the limited applicability and excessive costs of photopolymer plates, 

the increasing scarcity of trained letterpress operators, and the poor quality of 

the finished product, it is unrealistic, in my judgment, to envision the continued 

use of these presses. JCP approval of GPO's replacement proposal is critical to 

improving the quality and reducing the costs associated with GPO's Congressional Record and Federal Register programs. 

Despite these problems, significant progress was made in a variety of other program areas in 1989. GPO reduced its full-time equivalent (FTE) employment to 

4,962 by the end of the year. in compliance with the ceiling on FTE's established 

by Congress. Since the beginning of fiscal year 1980, overall GPO employment 

has fallen more than 30 percent, from a high of 7,122 FTE's, with no negative 

impact on services. 

GPO's continuing emphasis on service achieved substantial savings for the 

Federal Printing Program during 1989. A recommendation by the Customer 

Service Department yielded a savings of $23 million in mailing costs on one job, 

the largest single cost savings ever achieved by GPO on behalf of a customer 

agency. An additional $863,000 in savings was achieved for customer agencies 

as the result of other GPO production planning recommendations. The small 

purchase limit on procured printing was increased from $10,000 to $25,000, 

permitting GPO to process procured jobs more efficiently. 

Modernization activities continued throughout the year to improve product and 

service options for GPO's customers. GPO's "dialup" composition service, 

featuring direct customer access to GPO's automated composition system, was 

expanded on Capitol Hill. In a new departure, GPO initiated distribution of its 

MICROCOMP Composition System, a software. package that provides customers 

with their own capability to generate page proofs of databases that are 

compatible with GPO's principal composition system. Sales of publications in 

magnetic tape format increased over 1988, indicating a growing public interest 

in obtaining Government publications in alternative formats from GPO. 

GPO's investment in the production and dissemination of such formats grew 

during 1989, with special emphasis on CD-ROM technology. A recent requisition 

for the procurement of the Defense Logistics Agency's Federal Logistics Data on 

CD-ROM will result in the largest single procurement of this technology for the 

Government to date. In addition, a combination of GPO in-house capabilities 

and commercial procurement will be used to meet the Environmental Protection 

Agency's (EPA) requirement for the 1987 Toxic Chemical Release Inventory in 

CD-ROM format. A substantial degree of attention was focused this year on the 

development of five pilot projects for disseminating Government information to 

depository libraries in CD-ROM and on-line database formats. The first of these 

projects, involving selected Census data on CD-ROM, was successfully 

conducted during 1989. 

2 
Cash management 

improvements 

yielded significant 

savings 

Labor-management 

relations were 

stable at yearend 

The need for a new 

building can no 

longer be denied 

New efforts were directed toward the improvement of GPO's cash management 

practices during 1989, with notable success. The Sales of Publications Program 

began participation in the Treasury Department's Cash Management Program, 

involving accelerated collections of bookstore receipts, credit card collection 

services, and lockbox subscription order services, all provided at no cost to 

GPO. Recurring annual savings from this program are projec;ed to exceed 

$1 million. Other financial management initiatives increased the value of prompt 

cash discounts taken, reduced the value of delinquent invoices, and expedited 

debt recovery. Audits of GPO operations conducted by the Inspector General, 

who was invested with statutory authority under the Inspector General Amendments Act of 1988, resulted in further recommendations to reduce costs and 

improve internal controls. 

Labor-management relations at GPO were stable at yearend, following the conclusion of wage negotiations with representatives of the American Federation of 

Government Employees, which was accorded bargaining rights by the JCP in 

1988 under the Kiess Act provisions of Title 44. Concurrently, management took 

several steps to improve safe and productive working conditions for GPO's 

employees. A systematic program for disposing of hazardous wastes was 

implemented, and negotiations with GPO's unions were convened to develop an 

effective and responsible program for ensuring a drug-free workplace. In addition, plans were made for the establishment of a Child Care Center to alleviate 

the burden on GPO's working parents of finding suitable child care. 

Several Congressional initiatives affecting the Federal Printing Program were 

implemented during the year. In compliance with the 1989 National Defense 

Authorization Act, GPO established a test program to assist small disadvantaged 

businesses in winning printing contracts required for the Defense Department. 

This program awarded contracts valued at $4.3 million by yearend. A program 

for the procurement of recycled papers was implemented, following EPA guidelines issued pursuant to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, 

and GPO provided testimony and assistance to Congress in promoting the need 

for increased Government use of permanent papers to retard the deterioration of 

valuable Government publications. In addition, relevant provisions of the 

Procurement Integrity Act of 1988 were incorporated into GPO's printing 

procurement procedures. 

GPO initiated action this year to resolve its longstanding need for a modern 

production facility. The continuing problems posed by GPO's aging Central 

Office plant can no longer be denied. Space limitations resulting from low ceilings, support columns, and multiple stories restrict efficient materials handling 

operations and impede effective production equipment alignments. Substantial 

annual costs for buildings renovation and maintenance, as well as lease costs 

for the use of several satellite facilities in the metropolitan area for extra office 

and storage space, impose additional financial burdens on GPO. A modern 

in-line printing plant would increase productivity and eliminate these costs. 

Accordingly, GPO began an examination this year of various options for obtaining a new building, including a strategy for leveraging the value of current real 

estate holdings against the costs of constructing a new plant. The prospective 

3 
Strategic planning 

was reactivated 

GPO must move 

faster to meet the 

challenges of the 

Electronic Age 

termination of RRC operations at the Navy Yard and the upcoming expiration of 

GPO's 20-year lease at the Union Center Plaza facility in 1994 compel GPO to 

continue efforts on this project. 

Significantly, GPO re-established a strategic planning function in 1989 to systematize the improvement of conventional printing and distribution services, 

expand the provision of electronic information services, and reduce costs. This 

action was a direct outcome of the release in October 1988 of the Office of 

Technology Assessment (OTA) report, Informing the Nation: Federal Information 

Dissemination in an Electronic Age, the result of a 2-year study conducted at the 

request of several Congressional committees, and in which GPO was a major 

participant. Without strategic planning, GPO will be in no position to address the 

challenges and opportunities outlined by the OTA report for GPO's future. 

The reinstitution of strategic planning at GPO coincided with the first real dialog 

regarding GPO's role in the execution of Federal information policy in a decade. 

The OTA report was the principal catalyst for this development, although other 

events, including the attempt to revise Office of Management and Budget 

Circular No. A-130 and the statutory reauthorization of the Paperwork Reduction 

Act, were significant factors. At issue was the future scope and structure of 

GPO's operations in view of the Government's ongoing transition to electronic information technologies. GPO was a principal contributor to this dialog, providing 

testimony before several Congressional committees. By yearend, pending House 

legislation reauthorizing the Paperwork Reduction Act contained several provisions addressing GPO's statutory responsibilities in the reproduction and dissemination of Government information. 

Clearly, the burgeoning use of electronic information technologies by the 

Government has significant strategic implications for GPO. With or without GPO 

action, Federal information activities will continue to shift to an increasingly 

decentralized electronic basis, impacting the need for a centralized conventional 

printing and distribution operation. While Congr:essional action is needed to clarify and update GPO's statutory mission, legislation alone cannot sufficiently ensure GPO's future. GPO, with JCP support, must move faster to reduce the cost 

of its conventional services and offer an expanded range of competitive electronic information services if it is to serve Congress, Federal agencies, and the 

public effectively. On this depends GPO's continued viability as an integral component of Federal information policy in the Electronic Age. 

{. 

Acting Public Printer 

4 
Results of GPO 

Operations 

Consolidated 

Printing and 

Binding Operations 

Financial Highlights 

The public printing and documents chapters of Title 44, United States Code, 

require GPO to fulfill the printing and binding needs of the Federal Government 

and distribute Government publications to the public. GPO's printing and binding activities are performed by a Central Office printing and pr:nting procurement facility in Washington, DC, and 6 regional printing plants, 14 regional 

procurement offices, and 6 satellite procurement offices located around the 

Nation. Superintendent of Documents operations, including the ~.ale of publications, distribution to depository and international exchange libraries, agency and 

statutory distribution, and the cataloging and indexing of Government documents, are performed from centrally located operations in Washington, DC, from 

distribution centers in Laurel, MD, and Pueblo, CO, from a Congressional Sales 

Outlet in Washington, DC, and from 23 bookstores nationwide. 

All GPO activities are financed through a revolving fund which is reimbursed by 

payments from customer agencies, sales to the public, and transfers from 

annual appropriations. The Congressional Printing and Binding Appropriation 

and the Superintendent of Documents Salaries and Expenses Appropriation are 

used to reimburse GPO for costs incurred in performing Congressional work 

and to fulfill statutory requirements associated with the distribution of Government publications. Reimbursements from these appropriations are included in 

GPO's total printing and binding revenue. 

GPO achieved a consolidated net income for fiscal year 1989 of $9.1 million, a 

net income margin of less than 1 percent, compared to $16.4 million for fiscal 

year 1988. The decrease in net income is attributable to the loss incurred by 

in-plant printing operations. Consolidated revenue increased by $78 million in 

1989 to $1.019 billion, the first time in GPO's history that revenue has exceeded 

$1 billion, due to an increase in commercially-procured printing. Total expenses 

increased by $85 million to $1.010 billion, as the result of the increased costs 

associated with commercial procurement. For the eighth consecutive year, 

GPO's Sales of Publications Program continued to generate a healthy net 

income. 

In 1989 GPO's in-plant and commercially-procured products and services generated revenues of $952.9 million, compared to $875.3 million in 1988, representing 90 percent of GPO's total revenue (after eliminations). Revenue from 

commercially-procured printing was $726.4 million or 79 percent of total printing 

and binding revenues (net of revenue from sales of blank paper and Other 

Operations). During the year GPO produced or procured 1.9 billion publications 

on nearly 346,000 printing orders, an average of more than 1,300 orders per 

day. The average value of an order produced in the Central Office plant was 

$4,500, while for regional plants it was slightly more than $700. The average 

revenue generated from a commercially-procured job was nearly $2,500. GPO 

used or sold 98.1 million pounds of paper in 1989. Of this, 43 percent was sold 

to Government agencies and 57 percent was used for in-plant printing. 

5 
Central Plant 

Printing Operations 

Regional Printing 

Operations 

Central and 

Regional Printing 

Procurement 

Operations 

Materials Handling 

and Other 

Operations 

GPO's Central Office plant printing operations (excluding Materials Handling and 

Other Operations) earned $263,000 in net income this year compared to a net 

income of $10 million for 1988. The reduction in net income was due primarily 

to a decrease of $7.4 million in billings for Congressional printing compared to 

the previous year. Total revenue for 1989 was $148.6 million, a decrease of 

$5.7 million from 1988. Expenses totaled $148.3 million, an increase of $4 million 

from the previous year. 

GPO's regional printing operations experienced a combined net loss of 

$3.4 million in 1989, compared to a net loss of $1.7 million the previous year, 

due primarily to the loss of $2.8 million incurred by the Rapid Response Center. 

The remaining five regional facilities experienced a combined net loss of 

$665,000 in 1989. 

GPO's printing procurement operations generated revenue of $726.4 million 

compared to last year's $648.3 million. Net income was $6.5 million, a gain of 

51 percent over last year's net income of $4.3 million. Revenue from Central 

Office printing procurement activities increased to $462.1 million from 

$394.5 million last year. Regional printing procurement revenue rose to 

$264.3 million from $253.8 million in 1988. 

Materials Handling operations, consisting of paper, materials, and supplies, 

experienced a net loss of $997,000 this year, compared to a net income of 

$869,000 in 1988, as the result of reductions in issues to Central Office printing 

operations. However, Other Operations, including the sale of waste and scrap, 

generated a net income of $1.5 million, compared to a loss of $1.6 million 

in 1988. 

GPO's 1989 Revenue Dollar 

Where It Came From 

Where It Went 

64.6e/Procured Printing 

.6e/Capital Expenditu """---

1 6~/(JthElr _____ ../j 

6 
Sales of 

Publications 

Program 

Agency 

Distribution 

Services 

Salaries and 

Expenses 

Programs 

GPO Capital 

Expenditures 

The Superintendent of Documents' Sales of Publications Program generated net 

income of $5.2 million in 1989, an 18 percent increase over net income of 

$4.4 million in 1988. Total sales revenue increased to $75.7 million compared to 

$71.8 million in 1988, due to an increase in mail orders for Government books. 

Revenue from sales of Government publications in magnetic tape format 

increased to $595,000 compared to $578,000 last year. Bookstore revenue 

decreased 2 percent to $12.8 million in 1989 from $13 million in 1988. 

On behalf of customer agencies, GPO performs distribution of publications to 

recipients designated by those agencies. GPO charges for the cost of services 

performed. In 1989, this program was made a part of GPO's Revolving Fund 

operations, receiving $4.8 million in revenue on $4.7 million in costs, and yielding "a net income of $82,000. 

Salaries and expenses associated with the operation of the Statutory Distribution 

Program, the Depository Library Program, the Cataloging and Indexing Program, and the International Exchange Program increased by $1.3 million over 

1988 to a total of $22.9 million in 1989. 

Capital expenditures for all GPO operations and programs in 1989 totaled 

$5.8 million compared to $5 million in 1988. Major expenditures included an 

AMDAHL mainframe computer, a book flow bindery system, two new presses, 

other automated data processing equipment, and various building improvements. 

GPO's 1988 Revenue Dollar 

Where It Went 

Where It Came From 62.4e/Procured Printing-----., 

.Se/Capital 

1.5e/Other _____ _,1 

7 
Electronic 

Dissemination 

Task Force 

Office of 

Workforce 

Planning and 

Training 

Office of 

Legislative Affairs 

Executive Offices 

GPO's Electronic Dissemination Task Force was established in 1989 to coordinate ongoing projects and provide for a continuing review of electronic 

dissemination opportunities as they arise, including the development of an online search and retrieval system for the Congressional Record, the transmission 

of Federal Register data via FM subcarrier and satellite dish, expanded dissemination in CD-ROM technology, and the dissemination of information in electronic 

formats to depository libraries. 

During the year, there was significant Task Force involvement in activities supporting the National Institute of Standards and Technology's adoption of Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) as Federal Information Processing 

Standard (FIPS) 152. The Task Force hosted a major seminar on the implementation of FIPS 152, attended by more than 200 Federal and private sector 

personnel, and conducted an SGML tutorial for 40 GPO employees. 

The Office of Workforce Planning and Training is responsible for the administration of GPO's Institute for Federal Printing and Publishing (IFPP). Established in 

September 1987, the purpose of the IFPP is to provide educational and training 

programs for individuals involved in the Government's printing and publishing 

activities. 

During 1989, the Office conducted surveys of the Interagency Council on Printing and Publications Services and the Federal Publishers Committee to ascertain areas of interest for inclusion in the IFPP's agenda. The IFPP began offering 

courses on a monthly basis to GPO's customer agencies by yearend, beginning 

with a half-day seminar focusing on legal issues relative to Government procurement activities, which was conducted by GPO's Administrative Law Judge. 

Spurred by the October 1988 release of the OTA report Informing the Nation, a 

significant degree of Congressional attention was focused this year on legislative 

oversight of GPO's operations and functions under Title 44. GPO's role was also 

addressed as part of the effort to include Govemment information dissemination 

policy in the reauthorization of the Paperwork Reduction Act. In addition, Congressional proposals regarding the use of permanent papers in Government 

publications involved GPO. 

In response, the Office of Legislative Affairs coordinated GPO testimony before 

several Congressional panels during the year, including legislative oversight 

hearings on Title 44 conducted by the Subcommittee on Procurement and Printing, House Committee on House Administration (May/June); hearings on permanent papers conducted by the Subcommittee on Science, Research and 

Technology, House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology (May); and 

hearings on Government information dissemination conducted by the Subcommittee on Government Information, Justice, and Agriculture, House Committee 

on Government Operations (July). Separate bills concerning permanent paper 

and clarifying GPO's statutory responsibilities in the reauthorization of the Paperwork Reduction Act were pending at yearend. 

8 
Office of the 

Inspector General 

Office of 

Public Affairs 

Under the Inspector General Act Amendments of 1988 (Pub. L. 100-504), GPO's 

Inspector General (IG) began the year with the same authorities held by other 

statutory IG's in the Government, including independent authority to issue 

subpoenas during the course of audits and investigations. During the year, the 

IG's Office of Audits issued 385 recommendations which helped GPO's managers reduce costs, improve operations, and strengthen internal controls against 

waste, fraud, and abuse. These recommendations resulted in potential cost savings, cost avoidance, and management commitment to reduce costs totaling 

$13.7 million for the year. 

The IG's Office of Investigations handled 60 reported or referred cases during 

the year. A total of 48 cases were opened and 64 were closed. Of those 

opened, 45 were criminal investigations. Contractor and GPO employee fraud 

investigations resulted in one presentation to a U.S. Attorney's Office for criminal 

prosecution, and three prior referrals to U.S. Attorney's Offices were adjudicated. 

Altogether, these matters resulted in three convictions, one guilty plea, imposition 

of 5,700 days jail time, 5,500 days suspended time, 7,300 days probation, courtimposed monetary fines totaling $3,000, restitutions exceeding $82,000, and 

monetary recoveries of over $167,000. Seventeen administrative matters referred 

resulted in eight contractor debarments, two suspensions, and one GPO 

employee termination. The total savings to the Government from these actions 

approached $658,000. 

For the fourth year in a row, GPO's Office of Public Affairs coordinated the 

release and distribution of the Budget of the United States and handled 

arrangements for the GPO-hosted budget press conference featuring remarks 

by the Secretary of the Treasury, the Director of the Office of Management and 

Budget, and the Chairman of the President's Council of Economic Advisers. 

Public Affairs was also involved in preparations and activities associated with 

FOSE '89, the celebration of National Police Week, and the opening of the newly 

relocated Houston bookstore, and made arrangements for GPO's Veterans Day 

program, Christmas Open House, and Community Children's Day. In cooperation with the District of Columbia Police Department, GPO's Adopt-a-Family program continued during the year, with eight families receiving assistance. 

During the year, questionnaires were sent to Members of Congress requesting 

their views on GPO's Congressional notification program, under which Senators 

and Representatives are informed whenever a GPO printing or materials 

procurement contract valued at more than $100,000 is issued to a business in 

their respective States or districts. The responses were overwhelmingly favorable, 

with some Members requesting additional information about GPO's competitive 

bidding process. 

Public Affairs conducted 88 public tours of GPO in 1989 involving over 1,100 

visitors, including 330 students and approximately 100 foreign nationals from 47 

nations. Especially noteworthy was a visit by three members of the Supreme 

Soviet who were in Washington, DC, to study Congressional information systems. 

9 
Production 

Department 

Operations 

The Assistant Public Printer (Operations and Procurement) is responsible for all 

pre-press, press, and binding operations at GPO's Central Office printing plant, 

as well as the provision of quality control and related technical assistance to 

GPO's production and printing procurement activities. Additional responsibilities 

include GPO's Customer Service operations and the provision of engineering 

and facilities maintenance services to all GPO functions housed in the Central 

Office complex. 

Located four blocks north of the U.S. Capitol, GPO's Central Office printing plant 

employs approximately 1,900 production personnel to provide printing, binding, 

and related products and services for the Government. The plant operates on 

three shifts, with about 1,000 employees serving on the intermediate and night 

shifts. Excluding Materials Handling and Other Operations, the Central Office 

plant produced work valued at $148.6 million in 1989, representing 15 percent of 

GPO's total revenue for the year (after eliminations). 

The primary purpose of the Central Office plant is to meet the legislative printing 

requirements of the U.S. Congress. Major Congressional products include the 

Congressional Record, bills, resolutions, amendments, reports, and hearings. 

Along with all other Legislative Branch work (including billings for work 

produced for the Superintendent of Documents), these comprised approximately 

46 percent of total Central Office plant billings in 1989. Other major products 

and services include the Federal Register, U.S. passports, and postal cards, 

comprising 16 percent of Central Office plant billings for the year. The remaining 

38 percent of Central Office plant billings for 1989 was for Executive Branch 

work, primarily books, pamphlets, and forms, and sales of blank paper. 

On August 5, 1989, GPO printed the largest single edition of the Congressional 

Record ever, consisting of 728 pages, eclipsing the previous record of 712 

pages established on December 21, 1987. In all, 25 editions of the Congressional Record totaled more than 300 pages each in 1989, with 4 totaling 

more than 500 pages each. GPO produced approximately 30,000 Congressional Record pages in 1989, a decrease of 11,000 from the total produced the 

previous year. Approximately 22,000 copies of the Congressional Record were 

printed each day, generating revenue of $10.7 million. Due primarily to the election year adjournment of the 100th Congress, revenue from all Congressional 

work decreased 7 percent, to $71.9 million, compared to 1988. 

The Federal Register, GPO's other major daily product, contains proposed and 

final regulations and announcements by Federal agencies. It comprised 51 ,700 

pages in 1989, an increase of nearly 3,600 pages over 1988. Approximately 

32,000 copies of the Federal Register were printed each day, generating 

revenue of $26.6 million. 

In addition to Congressional work and the Federal Register, in 1989 the Central 

Office plant produced approximately 3.4 million passports for the State Department and over 466 million postal cards for the U.S. Postal Service, resulting in 

revenues of $6.5 million and $4.9 million, respectively. 

10 
Pre-press operations, involving the Electronic Photocomposition, Graphics Systems Development, and Electronic Systems Development Divisions, produced 

approximately 3.1 million pages of camera copy or negatives in 1989, more than 

doubled the pre-press production of enrolled bills, and produced approximately 

6 million other electrostatic proofs. The new nine-digit Zip Code Directory, totaling 70,000 pages, was completed during the year, and significant progress was 

made in eliminating the pre-press backlog in the production of the bound Congressional Record. During the year, the 1983, 1984, and 1986 issues were completed, and completion of the 1987 and 1988 issues is projected for 1990. After 

testing more than 700 applicants through the Office of Personnel Management, 

31 apprentices were hired to staff the Proof and Copy Markup and Video Keyboard Sections in the Electronic Photocomposition Division. In addition, 30 journeymen were hired to fill necessary positions in the proofroom. 

Pre-press modernization activities were dominated in 1989 by the first phase of 

the planned conversion to a state-of-the-art personal computer (PC)-based composition system that utilizes a DEC Net network. The new equipment and systems will replace GPO's aging Atex systems, installed in 1978. With completion 

set for 1992, the conversion will reduce production time, improve reliability, 

enhance storage capacity, increase flexibility in staff utilization, and eventually 

provide for automatic cost reporting and some automated proofreading 

functions. 

A new VAX 6210 central processing unit with SA 600 disk drives was installed, 

along with 27 IBM Model 60 PC's in the Video Keyboard Section, and the DEC 

Net network was expanded to include all of the existing PDP-11/44 central 

processing units, which were upgraded with RSX-11M+ operating software. 

GPO's DDEDIT program that checks input files before they are processed by 

the composition software was also rewritten to move from Atex to the PC-based 

system. Additional equipment for the second phase of the conversion, including 

a VAX cluster, is awaiting the approval of the JCP. Concurrently, one of GPO's 

aging VC 500 phototypesetters was replaced by a new VC 570, and two Qualstar dual density magnetic tape units were installed to improve the production of 

tape copies sold to the public by the Superintendent of Documents. 

Additional equipment upgrades to existing external systems were accomplished 

to facilitate the conversion project. Communications with Capitol Hill were improved with the installation of DMR-II's in the House of Representatives' Release 

4 Atex system and a PDP 11/44 Ethernet Communications System in the Senate 

Office of Legislative Counsel. Future upgrades to the overall GPO/Capitol Hill 

network will enable direct data transmission between the offices of the Senate 

and House Legislative Counsels, reducing the time and costs associated with 

the exchange of data required by the legislative process. In addition, LAN 

Bridge 100's were installed to ensure that the GPO, Senate, and House portions 

of the network continue to function independently in the event of computer 

downtime. For the Office of the Federal Register (OFR), GPO installed MDL-II's to 

facilitate Atex to IBM communications. GPO also upgraded three OFR modems 

from 2400 to 9600 baud to increase the speed of data transmission, and installed a second OMS laser printer on IBM PS 2/60 to facilitate OFR use of 

GPO's MICROCOMP program. 

11 
Customer 

Service 

Department 

GPO introduced distribution of its MICROCOMP software package in 1989 as 

part of a series of improvements undertaken in response to the ongoing transition of the Government's pre-press activities to a microcomputer-based environment. MICROCOMP enables customer agencies to generate on-site page/galley 

proofs of databases, at their point of origin, through the use of inexpensive 

microcomputers and PostScript-driven printers. The data structure of the input is 

identical to that required by GPO's VAX-based composition systems, ensuring 

MICROCOMP users that their locally-composed files can be output to GPO's 

high-resolution phototypesetters. Facsimile pages containing data extracted from 

electronically-disseminated GPO publications can be automatically printed on 

demand with MICROCOMP. MICROCOMP will also enable GPO's customers to 

compose databases utilizing SGML, as the result of GPO's plan to develop an 

SGML parsing capability. In another development, a CD Publisher compact disk 

premastering system was delivered early in the year, and a variety of software 

search and retrieval packages were tested. 

Press Division achievements during 1989 included the production of several new 

postal cards introduced by the U.S. Postal Service, including a series of 10 

different America the Beautiful postal cards and 3 commemorative cards. Also 

produced were a set of five picture postal cards featuring antique cars. Another 

first was a sheet (81!2 by 11 inches) of four different postal cards in a block with 

a two-way perforation, which was successfully produced in spite of tight 

deadlines. 

Modernization activities in the Press Division included the installation of a new 

offset plate processor, which significantly increased efficiency during the production of 91,000 offset plates and over 112,000 letterpress photopolymer plates. 

Two new waste reduction systems were installed on GPO's Group 88 web offset 

presses, along with a new packer/bundler on the Group 92 web press. Further 

modernization plans, including the replacement of GPO's 37-year-old Group 59 

web letterpresses, used to print the Congressiooal Record and the Federal 

Register, are currently under review. 

The Binding Division completed the installation of a Heidelberg Corporation 

hard cover book line in 1989, which replaces several older pieces of equipment 

by performing a combination of round, back, crash, line, headband, case-in, 

and build-in functions. A 73-inch Wohlenberg cutting machine, equipped with a 

microprocessor, was delivered in 1989, and installation began in the Blank 

Section. Blank Section cutters were relocated from Building 3 to Building 1 to 

make room for a new adhesive binder due in GPO in 1990. GPO's Bookbinder 

training program produced 43 operators during the year. 

The Customer Service Department coordinates the requirements of Congress 

and Federal agencies for GPO's printing, binding, and distribution services, and 

provides advice and assistance to customer agencies doing business with GPO. 

In addition, the Department offers training programs for printing and publishing 

personnel, provides a typography and design service, and manages the 

preparation of the Congressional Record index. 

12 
During the year, Customer Service conducted seven sessions of the Printing 

Assistant Training Program and two sessions of the Editorial Planning for Printing 

Production seminar. Over 350 Federal personnel from throughout the Nation 

were familiarized with GPO's services, procedures, and facilities by attending 

these courses. 

GPO's customer outreach program continued during the year, with Customer 

Service personnel involved in over 500 meetings, including 155 agency visits, 

with agency personnel and contractor representatives to ensure the costeffective performance of Federal printing needs. A Customer Service recommendation based on postal regulations saved one agency $23 million on one job 

alone, the largest single savings ever achieved by GPO for a customer. 

As Federal agency interest in the use of CD-ROM technology continued to grow, 

Customer Service increased its emphasis on presenting the benefits of using 

GPO for data preparation, premastering, and procurement of CD-ROM 

products. As one result, a requisition for the procurement of the Defense Logistics Agency's Federal Logistics Data on CD-ROM was made, representing the 

largest procurement of this technology for the Government to date, to include 

file development and maintenance, mastering replication, and distribution. In 

addition, a combination of in-house capabilities and outside procurement will be 

used to fulfill the EPA's requirement for the 1987 Toxic Chemical Release 

Inventory on CD-ROM. 

Customer Service achieved significant savings for Federal agencies during the 

year while improving the utilization of Central Office plant resources. Under 

GPO's commercial binding contract, which allows fuller utilization of GPO's press 

capacity, 259 jobs were printed in-house and then bound commercially. GPO's 

negotiated price policy for printing jobs also continued during 1989, achieving a 

savings of approximately $1.4 million for customer agencies on 121 jobs. Under 

another negotiated price policy for negatives, which allows GPO to produce 

negatives at a discounted rate for commercially-procured printing, approximately 

73,000 negatives were produced in-house. 

Providing the highest level of assistance to Congress remained a Customer 

Service priority in 1989. During the year, Customer Service indexed 28,000 Congressional Record pages, in addition to completing preparation of the 1982 

annual index and beginning work on the 1985 annual index. A Customer 

Service recommendation saved over $600,000 in the production of the Congressional Serial Set for the 100th Congress, due to an alternative method for printing the appendix materials for the Iran-Contra report. The number of 

Congressional offices using dial-up composition increased from 25 to 36, employing 78 systems by yearend. Customer Service also assisted in the production of several important Congressional products during the year, including The 

Senate 1789-1989: Addresses on the History of the United States Senate and A 

History of the House Ways and Means Committee, in addition to designing 

products for the Bicentennial Inauguration and the Bicentennial of the Senate. 

13 
Quality Control 

and Technical 

Department 

Engineering 

Service 

GPO's Quality Control and Technical Department develops, coordinates, and 

monitors quality systems for products produced and procured by GPO. These 

systems encompass specifications and standards, inspection and sampling, 

process controls, quality audits, mathematical studies and analyses, and 

management reports. Quality Control's ink and adhesive production facility 

produced over 127,000 pounds of ink and 52,000 pounds of adhesives for 

in-plant use in 1989. 

GPO's Innovation and Development program was added to Quality Control's 

functions in 1989, and was assigned the task of managing GPO's metrication 

effort under the Omnibus Trade Act of 1988 (Pub. L. 100-418), requiring Government agencies to adopt the metric system by 1992. 

Major additions were made in 1989 to Quality Control's chemical and physical 

testing laboratory. A new atomic absorption spectrometer was installed, enabling 

the laboratory to catch up on a backlog of work created by new EPA regulations governing solid waste disposal. Other new equipment included a new 

scanning electron microscope, a reverse osmosis water purifier, and a new 

microwave drying oven. 

Work on GPO's Quality Assurance Through Attributes Program (QATAP) continued during the year, with revisions issued to several standards. The Association for Information and Image Management adopted GPO's QATAP standards 

for microforms, initiating sales of GPO's microform attributes to its members. 

Quality Control provided support to the development of new paper specifications 

for the use of permanent papers in Government printing, and to the implementation of the new EPA guidelines on recycled paper. A cooperative effort with 

GPO's pressroom resulted in reducing the use of isopropyl alcohol in fountain 

solution from 50,000 gallons per year to less than 15,000 gallons annually. Support to customer agencies included the development of a gauge for the U.S. 

Postal Service to check bar codes and work wiJh the State Department on 

materials for a new passport. In addition, a Quality Control recommendation on 

the use of 4-mil diazo microfiche saved $80,000 for a customer agency. 

GPO's Engineering Service supports Central Office operations through the provision of buildings maintenance and renovation, and equipment installation and 

service. 

During 1989, GPO's engineers processed 22,000 service calls in addition to 

completing several significant structural improvements and equipment installations. To enhance operations, part of the Letterpress Section was relocated to 

the second floor of the main plant. Engineers installed a new cut-pack machine 

for postal card operations and a new book flow line for binding operations. New 

office space was constructed for the Employee Relations Branch, and facilities 

for the Congressional Record Index office were upgraded. Several new security 

cameras were also installed to increase protection for GPO employees. 

14 
Engineering took several actions in 1989 to improve GPO's compliance with environmental regulations. Plans were prepared to replace or permanently remove 

all GPO underground storage tanks before 1992, in compliance with EPA regulations. Design work was also completed for the removal of hazardous PCB-filled 

transformers, and progress was made in GPO's asbestos abatement and 

removal program during the year. 

Maintenance and renovation work on the aging Central Office complex continued during 1989. Large areas of deteriorated concrete subfloor had to be 

replaced in Buildings 1 and 3, while waterproofing for the aging storage vaults 

under North Capitol Street and G Street neared completion. Substantial repairs 

to GPO's elevators were also made during the year. Other projects included the 

replacement of the roofs on Buildings 1 and 2, as well as the ongoing window 

replacement project to conserve energy. Design work was completed and bids 

were received for concrete repairs, painting, and window replacement for GPO's 

Building 4 warehouse. 

15 
Printing 

Procurement 

Department 

Purchased Printing 

Revenue 

(In Millions of Dollars) 

726 

85 86 87 88 89 

Procurement 

The Assistant Public Printer (Operations and Procurement) is responsible for the 

procurement of the Government's printing and binding requirements from 

commercial contractors, as well as all materials, supplies, paper, and equipment 

used by GPO's in-plant production and other office areas. 

In fulfilling the Government's printing and binding needs, GPO adheres to the 

Governmentwide policy of utilizing private sector contractors to the maximum 

extent possible to obtain goods and services at the most competitive price. As a 

result, GPO generated about 79 percent of its total printing and binding revenue 

from jobs contracted out to commercial printers in 1989. GPO's list of eligible 

contractors increased by 5 percent to approximately 16,000 commercial printers 

nationwide by yearend. 

GPO's Printing Procurement Department processed over 293,000 jobs valued at 

$726.4 million during 1989, compared to 288,000 jobs worth $648.3 million in 

1988. Approximately 68 percent of these jobs were procured by GPO's 14 

regional and 6 satellite procurement offices, with the balance procured by 

Central Office procurement operations. Due to an increase in the small purchase 

limit from $10,000 to $25,000, GPO was able to process procured jobs more 

efficiently. 

In compliance with the 1989 National Defense Authorization Act (Pub. L. 

100-456), GPO established a 2-year test program to assist small disadvantaged 

businesses in winning printing and binding contracts for the Department of 

Defense. GPO worked with the Small Business Administration and several State 

minority development agencies to publicize the program, which initially was implemented in the Central Office, and contracts totaling $4.3 million were awarded 

by yearend. The program will be expanded to GPO's regional procurement 

offices in 1990. 

Following the completion of quality assurance activities, several contracts 

associated with the 1990 Decennial Census were issued in 1989. One of the 

Census contracts is for the printing of 86 million copies of the short form of the 

basic Census package, with distribution to be performed by the U.S. Postal 

Service to each known address in the United States. Valued at $18 million, this 

contract represents the largest single award ever issued by GPO. Altogether, 

Printing Procurement processed $65 million worth of printing requisitions for the 

1990 Census project during 1989. 

Several other major contracts were awarded or executed during the year. A 

contract valued at $800,000 was awarded for the purchase of 5.6 million 

Personalized Earnings and Benefits Statements for the Social Security Administration. The program for Internal Revenue Service tax packages entered its 

second contract year with the placement of an order for almost 50 million 

copies valued at approximately $8 million. In addition, Printing Procurement 

solicited proposals in 1989 for the creation, maintenance, and management of a 

publishing database for U.S. Army administrative publications, known as 

Program D400-S. 

16 
Procured Printing vs. 

In-House Work 

Fiscal Year 1989 

(Dollars in Millions) 

$726.4/Procured 

$14.7/Regional r-rnlun'9---

$148.6/Piant Pri 

GPO's procurement procedures were revised in 1989 to require the use of 

recovered materials in certain papers contractors must supply, following EPA 

guidelines issued in June pursuant to the Resource Recovery and Conservation 

Act of 1976. Procurement procedures were also revised to incorporate relevant 

features of the Procurement Integrity Act of 1988. 

Printing Procurement continued automation efforts throughout the year to expedite administrative functions and improve services to customer agencies and 

printing contractors. Fifty additional agencies were provided with access to 

GPO's Procurement Information Control System (PICS) in 1989, enabling 120 

agencies at yearend to retrieve information concerning job specifications, 

scheduling, and status. The provision of PICS access to customer agencies outside the Washington, DC, area was enhanced with the implementation of a tollfree telephone access service. 

Several projects resulted in enhancements to the Department's PICS, Printing 

Cost Calculating System, and Automated Bid List System. In addition, a new 

application for an automated Government Bill of Lading System was developed 

and implemented. A preaward survey printout now provides contractor compliance and quality information formatted for use by contracting officers in one 

step, without additional information retrieval. In another project, a Small 

Purchase Specifications Print Program was developed as part of Printing 

Procurement's effort to automate as many forms as possible in the performance 

of contracting functions. Information captured by this program will ultimately be 

made available to printing contractors through the Department's electronic Bid 

Information Center. 

During the year; the San Diego Satellite Procurement Office was relocated to 

new office space, and plans continued for consolidating the Chicago Regional 

Printing and Procurement offices, and for acquiring new space for the 

Columbus Regional Procurement Office. Facilities at the Hampton Regional 

Procurement Office were upgraded, and improved security printing features 

were implemented in the Denver Regional Printing and Procurement Office. 

Procured Printing vs. 

In-House Work 

Fiscal Year 1988 

(Dollars in Millions) 

$14.4/Regional 

$154.3/Piant Prir1tin~J:_ __ 

*Excludes Materials Handling and Other Operations. 
Materials 

Management 

Service 

GPO's Materials Management Service is responsible for purchasing necessary 

materials, equipment, supplies, and commercial services; leasing commercial 

and Federal space, and transportation services; receiving, shipping, and maintaining current inventory records of paper, envelopes, and materials and supplies; accounting for the shipment of postal cards; and providing other support 

to GPO operations. 

For 1989, the total value of procurement activities other than printing was 

$96.7 million, compared to $106.5 million in 1988. Of this amount, $47.1 million 

was for paper and paper products; $33.2 million was for services, transportation, 

communications, and travel; $11.9 million was for materials and supplies; and 

$4.4 million was spent on machinery, equipment, and building appurtenances. 

Some of the major projects contracted for during the year included the replacement of a PCB transformer, the purchase of a new adhesive binder, asbestos 

removal, sidewalk demolition and replacement and waterproofing of GPO's 

underground vaults, and renovation of GPO's South Alley. 

Income to GPO from surplus sales conducted by Materials Management 

included $695,000 from wastepaper, $186,000 from nonferrous metals, and 

$92,000 from spot sales. Salvage operations involved 12.3 million pounds of 

wastepaper, 350,000 pounds of scrap iron, and 253,000 pounds of scrap metal 

and dross. 

Paper purchased by the pound totaled 72.4 million pounds in 1989, while paper 

purchased by the sheet totaled 1.5 billion sheets. A total of 111.8 million envelopes were also purchased. During the year. the monthly average inventory of 

paper was 33.4 million pounds, with a high of 35.4 million pounds recorded in 

July and a low of 31.2 million pounds occurring in January. Price decreases for 

paper of 3.8 percent were reflected tor the cumulative quarterly contract periods 

during the year. 

During the year. Materials Management successfully implemented the EPA 

guidelines governing recycled paper, under the Resource Recovery and Conservation Act of 1976. Subsequently, over 95 percent of the paper, envelopes, and 

containers contracted tor contained at least the minimum percentage of 

recovered materials as specified by EPA. Materials Management also successfully implemented the purchase of paper under the JCP specifications for 

permanent papers. 

Materials Management assumed a major role in the development of GPO's 

Hazardous Waste Program in 1989. Program achievements included the establishment of a hazardous waste contract and a tracking system, the creation of 

new internal operating procedures, re-warehousing of hazardous stock items, the 

procurement of personal protection and safety equipment, and training. A 

proposal to renovate the area housing oil, gas, and petroleum products in the 

Central Office plant will complete GPO compliance with EPA regulations governing hazardous wastes. 

18 
Sales of 

Publications 

Program 

Net Income from Sales 

of Publications* 

(In Millions of Dollars) 

11.4 

85 86 87 88 89 

*Excludes Agency Distribution 

Services 

The Assistant Public Printer (Superintendent of Documents) is responsible for 

Government information dissemination through the sale of publications, the compilation of catalogs and indexes, the distribution of publications to depository 

and international libraries, the distribution of publications as required by law, and 

distribution performed for agencies on a reimbursable basis. 

Funding for Superintendent of Documents programs in 1989 included 

$75.7 million in revenue from sales of publications, $25.2 million made available 

by the fiscal year 1989 Salaries and Expenses Appropriation, and $4.8 million in 

reimbursements from other Government agencies for distribution services. FTE 

utilization for all Superintendent of Documents operations was reduced from 

975 to 901 in 1989, a 7.6 percent decrease. Superintendent of Documents operations distributed approximately 99 million copies of Government publications 

during the year, compared to 107 million copies in 1988, due to reductions in 

sales and depository library copies. 

The Sales of Publications Program operates primarily by mail and telephone 

order, but publications are also distributed through the Laurel, MD, distribution 

outlet, the Congressional Sales Outlet in Washington, DC, through 23 bookstores 

nationwide, and by 61 consigned agents in other Federal agencies. The 1989 

sales inventory comprised over 16,500 titles, including publications and subscriptions. In terms of revenue, the top selling titles for the year included the Index 

Medicus, the Toxic Substances Control Act Chemical Substance Inventory, and 

the International Classification of Diseases. Other, popular titles were Government 

Auditing Standards, Eating to Lower Your Blood Cholesterol, and the Pocket 

Guide to Chemical Hazards. The prices for publications are established by law, 

at cost as determined by the Public Printer plus 50 percent. 

During the year, approximately 67 percent of Sales Program customers were 

businesses. The remainder were private individuals (24 percent) and various 

government and academic customers (9 percent). Publications comprised 

76 percent of total orders, while subscriptions made up the other 24 percent. 

About 81 percent of all orders came in by telephone and mail. The remaining 

19 percent were walk-ins at GPO's bookstores and the retail sales and 

Congressional sales outlets. 

In 1989 the Sales Program produced revenues of $75.7 million at a cost of 

$70.5 million, resulting in a net income of $5.2 million, an 18 percent increase 

over 1988. This was the eighth consecutive year that the Program generated a 

healthy net income. 

The total number of orders for the Sales Program increased to 1.9 million from 

1.8 million the previous year. Order activity was particularly strong in the 

subscription and Consumer Information areas. GPO's Low Priced Publications 

Project, operated at the Pueblo, CO, Distribution Center, increased orders from 

277,000 the previous year to 288,000 in 1989. This project continues to provide 

small, consumer-oriented publications to the general public at a price of 

50 cents each. The total number of copies sold by the Sales Program 

decreased, however, from 27 million in 1988 to 25 million in 1989. 

19 
Of particular concern was the continued decline in the number of copies of the 

Commerce Business Daily sold during the year, dropping to under 39,000 by 

yearend from 46,000 the previous year. Over the last 2 years combined, the 

number of Commerce Business Daily subscriptions has fallen 26 percent. The 

decline is attributable to increased competition from tailored, commerciallyprinted products and commercial on-line database services. 

Sales of Government information in magnetic tape format increased by 3 percent to $595,000 by yearend, compared to $578,000 in 1988. Seven subscription products and 21 different publications are currently offered in this format, 

including the Congressional Record, the Federal Register, the Budget of the 

United States Government, and the Monthly Catalog of U.S. Government Publications. Future sales offerings will include selected Government publications in 

CD-ROM format. 

Total sales revenue for all GPO bookstores in 1989 was $12.8 million, a 

2 percent decrease from the previous year. However, the number of customers 

served by the bookstores was up by 2.8 percent to approximately 352,000. GPO 

continued to improve the accessibility of the bookstores to the public during the 

year, moving the Houston bookstore into a new downtown location and the 

Boston bookstore into a new Federal building. The Portland, OR, bookstore 

completed its first full year of operation, surpassing nine other existing bookstores in the number of customers served. Consigned agent sales were 

approximately $1.4 million in 1989. 

Progress was made in recruiting distributors for U.S. Government publications 

overseas in 1989. Cooperation with the U.S. Information Agency's Books Abroad 

Program continued during the year, with exhibits of GPO sales titles mounted at 

international bookfairs in Frankfurt, Edinburgh, and Belgrade. Each exhibit comprised a display of approximately 125 subscriptions and publications, along with 

catalogs and bibliographic and order materials. The territory for GPO's distributor for the Hijaz region of Saudi Arabia was expanded to include the entire 

country, and a formal distribution agreement was concluded with GPO's distributor for the United Kingdom. 

Cash management practices in the Sales Program were significantly improved 

during 1989 through participation in the Treasury Department's Cash Management Program. Utilization of the Treasury's cash concentration system, credit 

card collection network, and lockbox network services improved operating efficiency and reduced costs. These services are provided by Treasury at no cost 

to GPO. 

Cash collection was accelerated and the opportunities for loss or theft were 

reduced significantly by participation in the Treasury program. By yearend, 

19 bookstores and the Laurel distribution outlet had begun depositing daily 

collections in Treasury General Accounts maintained by commercial banks or in 

Federal Reserve or Branch banks, eliminating the mailing of cash collections to 

GPO's Central Office. Total bookstore participation will be implemented in 1990. 

This new cash collection system could save the Government $97,000 annually 

when fully operational. 

20 
The Sales Program's popular credit card services were improved by participation 

in the Treasury's credit card collection network, which in 1989 assumed the 

costs of credit card processing that formerly were paid by GPO. This service will 

save GPO approximately $170,000 per year, based on the value of bank 

processing fees paid by GPO in 1988. 

In February, GPO began participation in Treasury's lockbox network with a pilot 

application for subscriptions to the newly formatted International Classification of 

Diseases, Volumes 1 and 2 (/CD). Operating from a lockbox bank selected by 

Treasury, this service set a precedent for future subscription order processing by 

the Sales Program. Orders for the /CO were received at the lockbox, monies 

were deposited daily into the Treasury under GPO's account, and data entry was 

accomplished daily by the lockbox bank. Provisions were also made for rapid 

transfer of order data to the Central Office. In 1989, the service handled orders 

for over 78,000 subscriptions, resulting in deposits of over $2.8 million to 

GPO's lockbox account. This workload could not have been handled in-house. 

Since that time, a second lockbox has been opened for the sale of tax forms 

and a third will be opened in early 1990 for subscription renewal orders. 

Lockbox utilization has improved efficiency and customer service and reduced 

customer complaints. Continued use of this service is projected to save an estimated $764,000 per year. 

GPO's Marketing specialists continued to increase public awareness of Government information available through the Sales Program during 1989. A total of 

475,000 copies of the U.S. Government Books catalog of new and popular sales 

publications were produced during the year. On the average, 55,000 copies of 

each bimonthly New Books list were distributed to a mailing list of librarians and 

other professional users to inform them about new Government publications 

entering the Sales Program. Marketing's Product Publicity Release Program, 

which disseminates information about new publications to trade and professional 

magazines, journals, and newsletters, issued 93 releases in 1989, and the "Were 

Glad You Asked" program of replies to inquiries generated by reader response 

cards saw increased activity over 1988. Other programs, including Marketing's 

Books for Professionals series of direct mail fliers and the use of Priority 

Announcements, also were effective in bringing selected and new publications 

to the public's attention. 

Marketing's Public Service Announcement (PSA) campaign also continued in 

1989. One of the television PSA:s created in 1987 to increase public awareness 

of the Sales Program was redistributed to cable TV stations nationwide during 

the year, resulting in the contribution of 37 broadcast hours of free air time by 

77 cable systems. Several newspapers and magazines also continued to use 

print PSA:s originally distributed in 1988. Altogether, approximately 54,000 

requests for GPO's U.S. Government Books catalog were generated by the PSA 

campaign, although this number decreased from the previous year. The production of new broadcast and print PSA:s will offset further declines in public 

response. 

21 
Depository 

Library Program 

Marketing continued efforts to promote specific publications cooperatively during 

the year, increasing to 22 the number of agency publishers participating in this 

program to distribute the costs of publications promotion between GPO and 

publishing agencies. Distribution of GPO's mail lists to non-Government organizations for one-time use also continued. In addition, several projects to increase 

public awareness of GPO's bookstores were undertaken in 1989, and Marketing 

exhibited Government publications at several conferences and conventions 

attended during the year. 

The Depository Library Program distributes Government publications for the free 

use of the public to libraries designated as Government depositories by law. At 

yearend there were 1,396 depository libraries. Eight libraries were added to the 

Program during the year and six were dropped. An additional Regional Library 

was created, making a total of 54 Regional Depository Libraries. 

During 1989, 27 million copies of 68,000 titles were distributed to depository 

libraries by GPO and by the Department of Energy and the U.S. Geological Survey operating under depository distribution agreements with GPO. This compares to a total distribution of 18 million copies of 50,000 titles in 1988. The 

increase for 1989 signifies a restoration of Program activity in microfiche distribution. Despite continued difficulties in the first half of the year resulting from the 

default of GPO's primary microfiche contractor in 1987, microfiche distribution improved significantly in the second half of 1989. By yearend, approximately 

42,600 titles were distributed in microfiche by the Program, up dramatically from 

approximately 25,600 titles during 1983. 

The National Ocean Service merged its map depository system with the Depository Library Program in 1989. In addition, an interagency agreement was signed 

with the Defense Mapping Agency for the distribution of aeronautical, hydrographic, and topographic maps to depository libraries beginning in 1990. 

The Superintendent of Documents' Information Technology Program made significant progress in 1989 in the dissemination of Government information in electronic formats to depository libraries. The first of five electronic dissemination 

pilot projects was implemented with the successful distribution of selected Census data on CD-ROM. Two other pilot projects utilizing CD-ROM formats will be 

introduced in the near future, involving the 1985 bound Congressional Record 

and the EPA Toxic Release Inventory database. Preliminary planning was also 

completed for the first of two pilot projects involving on-line database dissemination to depository libraries. In cooperation with the Department of Commerce, 

100 libraries will be provided with access to an electronic bulletin board featuring high-interest statistics and economic news. To ensure that sufficient information is generated to help Congress and GPO chart the future of electronic 

dissemination to depository libraries, staff of the General Accounting Office have 

been participating in the conduct of these pilot projects. 

In 1989, several Marketing efforts were devoted to increasing public awareness 

of the availability of Government publications through the Depository Library 

Program. A new order form listing all depository library promotional materials 

22 
Cataloging and 

Indexing Program 

Statutory and 

Agency Distribution 

Programs 

International 

Exchange Program 

was produced and distributed to depository librarians, resulting in substantial 

orders for the Directory of Depository Libraries, bookmarks, brochures, and 

other items. Three TV PSA's promoting the Program were redistributed to cable 

TV systems nationwide, resulting in 37 broadcast hours of free air time by 71 

systems. As with the Sales Program, the production and distribution of new 

broadcast and print PSA's promoting the Depository Library Program will result 

in an increase in PSA exposure. 

The Superintendent of Documents indexes and classifies Government publications and prepares the Monthly Catalog of U.S. Government Publications, which 

is a comprehensive listing of these documents. During the year, approximately 

107,000 publications were received for classification, continuing the downward 

trend in receipts of the past several years. Of the work received, 44,400 publications were identified as duplicates and removed from processing, and 62,000 

were assigned classification numbers. Approximately 29,000 publications were 

received for cataloging during the year, up from 25,000 in 1988. A total of 

27,000 were cataloged and 200 duplicates were identified and removed from 

processing. At yearend, the backlog of publications awaiting cataloging and 

indexing stood at approximately 8,000. 

During 1989 the Superintendent of Documents received 4.7 million copies of 

publications which were distributed free in accordance with statutory requirements, compared to 6.4 million copies in 1988. In addition, approximately 

25.8 million copies of publications were received and mailed on behalf of other 

Government agencies, generating $4.8 million in reimbursements from customer 

agencies, compared to 24.9 million copies distributed in 1988. 

The largest reimbursable operation is the Consumer Information Center (CIC), 

which is located at GPO's Public Documents Distribution Center in Pueblo, CO. 

In 1989, 19.7 million free and paid consumer publications were distributed on 

behalf of the General Services Administration through this facility, compared to 

20.7 million copies in 1988. 

Under international treaty, the International Exchange Program provides for the 

distribution of Government publications to foreign libraries around the world in 

exchange for copies of similar publications produced by their governments 

which are distributed to the Library of Congress. The Library administers this 

Program and the Superintendent of Documents distributes the publications. 

Approximately 661,000 publications were distributed to 66 foreign libraries in 

1989, compared to a total distribution of 274,000 publications to the same 

number of libraries in 1988. 

23 
Office of Information 

Resources 

Management 

Security and 

Support Services 

Administration and Resources Management 

The Assistant Public Printer (Administration and Resources Management) is 

responsible for GPO's information and personnel management, labormanagement relations, occupational and environmental health and safety, 

security, administrative support, and equal employment opportunity programs. In 

1989, GPO's Financial Management Service was transferred from this area to the 

Assistant Public Printer (Finance and Planning), and the Office of Human 

Resources was abolished. 

The Office of Information Resources Management (OIRM) provides information 

automation services to all GPO areas. During 1989, several existing systems 

were significantly upgraded. The Automated Postal Card System was modified to 

generate shipping labels and manifests in a predetermined ZIP Code sequence, 

and the Automated Bid List System was revised to conform to the new product 

codes and subcategories in questionnaires sent to GPO's printing contractors. 

Programs and procedures were revised to enable the Sales of Publications 

Program to use the Treasury Department's Cash Management Program. The 

Materials Management Procurement and Control System was modified to track 

purchases of recycled paper to comply with EPA reporting guidelines. 

A major accomplishment was the acquisition of an AMDAHL Model 5880 mainframe computer as an interim replacement for GPO's IBM 3081 central processing unit. Four tape cartridge drives were installed in OIRM's Data Center, greatly 

increasing reliability. A contract for a new long distance telephone service was 

awarded, and negotiations were initiated to develop a master contract from 

which each Legislative Branch agency can order long distance service. It is estimated that GPO will save $615,000 per year over current service and $146,000 

over projected FTS-2000 service. During the year, OIRM also enhanced 

management control and use of GPO's Data Automation Plan, made major 

progress on the development of a new telecommunications system, and established an Information Technology Center to aid office automation efforts 

throughout GPO. 

The Security and Support Services are responsible for GPO's law enforcement, 

physical and information security, and administrative support functions. During 

the year, a new automated cardkey security alarm and access control system 

was installed in the Uniformed Police Branch. The use of metal detectors was 

implemented to strengthen control over building access, and an X-ray unit to 

screen shipments of materials to the U.S. Capitol was put into operation. GPO's 

computer security program was brought into compliance with the Computer 

Security Act of 1987, and GPO's police officers were granted a special salary 

increase, which should aid in future recruiting efforts. 

The GPO Directives Management System was expanded in 1989, and the Internal Printing Management Program was established to improve internal printing 

and binding services. The GPO Mail Manual, which prescribes policies and 

procedures for managing Government penalty mail sent through the U.S. Postal 

Service, was published, in addition to a consolidated Travel Regulations handbook. A test of GPO's interoffice mail delivery system indicated that 73 percent 

24 
Personnel Service 

Labor and 

Employee Relations 

Service 

of the mail is delivered within 8 hours; mail for the Printing Procurement Department, comprising parcels and proofs going to and from GPO's printing contractors, is picked up or delivered within the Central Office complex in under 

2 hours. 

GPO's Personnel Service is responsible for GPO's personnel management 

programs, including policy development, recruiting and staffing, career development, and position classification. During the year, several proposals to reconstruct GPO's Merit Promotion System were developed and forwarded for 

presentation to the Joint Council of Unions. The Policy and Evaluation Staff 

developed a Drug-Free Workplace Program, following guidelines issued by the 

Department of Health and Human Services and the Office of Personnel 

Management (OPM), to bring GPO into compliance with the drug-free workplace requirements of the 1989 Treasury, Postal, and General Government 

Appropriations Act. At yearend, the terms of this program were being negotiated 

with representatives of GPO's collective bargaining units. 

In the Employment Branch, the Printing Specialist College Recruitment Program 

was emphasized, and visits to 25 colleges resulted in 20 accepted job offers by 

yearend. The library/automated database for vacancy announcements was 

expanded, and a facsimile machine to facilitate communications with GPO 

regional offices and with OPM was installed. In addition, a staffing section 

dedicated to serving the regional offices was created. The Computer Lab in the 

Career Development Branch became fully operational in 1989, and 448 employees received training on a number of personal computer software packages. 

The Branch published the first quarterly listing of available in-house training, and 

created or revised several apprentice programs. About 60 employees entered 

apprenticeships during the year. 

The Labor and Employee Relations Service administers GPO's labormanagement and employee relations programs. Under the terms of the Kiess 

Act provisions of Title 44, in 1988 GPO was directed by the JCP to negotiate the 

wages of Central Office employees in bargaining units represented by the 

American Federation of Government Employees. After protracted negotiations 

involving the Labor-Management Relations Branch, a wage settlement was 

approved by the JCP in 1989. Other Branch activities included the Joint LaborManagement Safety Committee, negotiations on apprentice programs, and 

negotiating the terms and conditions of GPO's drug-free workplace program. 

In 1989, the Employee Relations Branch experienced the first decline in adverse 

actions processed in the several years such records have been maintained. It 

administered GPO's Combined Federal Campaign effort, which exceeded its 

goal by over $29,000 in 1989, or 16 percent. A highly successful initiative of the 

Employee Programs Branch was the "Buck-A-Day" suggestion enhancement 

program, which cost about $10,000 to implement and produced over $48,000 in 

savings in its first 6 weeks of operation. 

25 
Equal 

Employment 

Opportunity 

Service 

Occupational 

Health and 

Environmental 

Services 

The Equal Employment Opportunity Service (EEO) assists GPO management in 

adhering to laws, regulations, and policies concerning equal employment opportunity for employees and applicants for employment. EEO administers the 

discrimination complaint system, provides counseling services, and evaluates 

EEO plans and programs throughout GPO. A major achievement during 1989 

was the approval by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission of GPO's 

Multi.Year Affirmative Employment Program Plan covering fiscal years 1988-1991 

EEO completed its first full year of scheduled evaluations among GPO regional 

offices. In addition, the evaluation teams conducted a series of training sessions 

for regional employees and managers on the recognition and prevention of 

sexual harassment. 

The Occupational Health and Environmental Services (OHES) focused on 

prevention, legal compliance, and systemization during 1989. For example, 

OHES sponsored a Drug Awareness Week program for GPO employees. 

Dr. Robert DuPont, former Director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, and 

ex-Washington Redskin Tony McGee spoke at the opening ceremonies. Other 

OHES activities included a mammogram program and the 2d Annual GPO 

Health Fair. 

The Safety Branch developed an automated Plant Emergency Organization 

roster and coordinated production of a training video on hand safety. Other 

concerns of the Branch included Clean Air Act compliance as required by the 

District of Columbia Government, monitoring asbestos removal, and managing 

hazardous waste, including contract removal of biomedical waste. 

26 
Finance and Planning 

The Assistant Public Printer (Finance and Planning) serves as GPO's chief financial officer and represents GPO in all financial matters before the House and 

Senate Appropriations Committees, the JCP, the Office of Management and 

Budget, and other external agencies and departments. The Assistant Public 

Printer also oversees the provision of analytical services to GPO's Management 

Resources Committee (MRC), which reviews and approves major expenditure 

proposals. The Finance and Planning area was expanded in 1989 with the addition of GPO's Financial Management Service and the establishment of a 

Strategic Planning Division. 

The Office of Planning provides support to GPO management in budget formulation and execution, analysis of financial performance, development of financial 

policies, and analysis of major expenditure proposals submitted to the MRC. 

Broad managerial input to the financial plan was augmented this year through a 

series of meetings held early in the budget formulation process. The timetables 

for major GPO planning-related functions were more closely coordinated and 

scheduling was improved, including the development of the internal expense 

budget, the processing of annual purchase orders, and the development of 

GPO's capita! expenditures budget. 

GPO Appropriations and Transfers 

Millions of Dollars 

122.9 Salaries 

120 and Expenses 

110 

102.5 

100 96.5 

90 

80 

70 

60 

50 

40 

30 

20 

10 

0 

1985 1986 1987 

27 

~ 

~ Congressional Printing and Binding 

95.0 97.2 

1988 1989 
Planning prepared and coordinated the presentation of GPO's fiscal year 1990 

appropriations request before the House and Senate Subcommittees on Legislative Branch Appropriations. The request was for $110.4 million, including 

$84.9 million for the Congressional Printing and Binding Appropriation and 

$25.5 million for the Superintendent of Documents' Salaries and Expenses 

Appropriation. In addition, the request package contained a variety of administrative proposals to provide GPO with additional authorities and otherwise clarify 

the intent of Title 44 provisions affecting GPO. Final Congressional action on the 

request resulted in total appropriations of $98.4 million. This included $74.2 million for Congressional Printing and Binding, and $16.3 million for Salaries and 

Expenses in addition to transfers totaling $7.9 million resulting from net income 

generated by the Superintendent of Documents' Sales of Publications Program 

in fiscal years 1988 and 1989. Most of the administrative proposals in the request package were approved. 

Planning is responsible for overseeing the execution of budget and spending 

priorities in accordance with Congressional policy. A key policy governing GPO 

expenditures is the statutory limitation on employment of FTE's. For fiscal year 

1989, the FTE ceiling was 5,117; the ceiling approved for fiscal year 1990 is 

5,000. The Assistant Public Printer (Finance and Planning) is responsible for 

proposing allocations of FTE's throughout GPO to the Public Printer and for 

monitoring their use. 

Planning also provides essential staff support to the MRC by performing 

cost/benefit analyses on spending proposals requiring MRC approval. During 

the year, the staff analyzed 194 expenditure requests, totaling $45.6 million. Of 

this amount, 26 requests totaling $3.9 million were fully authorized by yearend, 

including approvals where necessary by the JCP. In addition, $43.9 million in 

annual purchase requests and $2.3 million in other purchase requests were 

reviewed by the staff. 

GPO re-established a centralized planning function in July to coordinate 

management efforts to upgrade conventional printing and dissemination services, expand the provision of electronic services, and reduce costs. Focusing on 

the concept of strategic planning, GPO's objectives were organized to address 

the challenges and opportunities raised in the OTA report on information dissemination, and work began on consolidating all GPO-wide goals into a single 

planning document. 

28 
Office of 

Financial 

Management 

Discounts Taken On 

Commercial Printing 

(In Millions of Dollars) 

9.9 

85 86 87 88 89 

Major efforts by GPO's Office of Financial Management were undertaken in 1989 

to improve GPO's cash management program, focusing on the reduction of 

accounts receivable and expedited debt recovery. An aggressive collection effort 

resulted in a decrease in the value of delinquent invoices by more than 

$5 million by yearend, and automation improvements to GPO's Voucher Order 

Processing and Payment System will expedite recovering funds due the Government. GPO improved its cash position during the year, increasing the average 

balance by $10 million, or 20 percent. Cash discounts taken increased to 

$10 million by yearend, compared to $9 million in 1988. 

Other Financial Management efforts were devoted to the elimination of forms 

and manual processing during 1989. Arrangements were finalized for the 

implementation of electronic funds transfer for employee paychecks and savings 

allotments, and several improvements were made for the computer generation of 

selected payroll forms. A database application was developed to automate the 

accrual and posting of payments for Government Bills of Lading, replacing an 

entirely manual operation. A substantial effort was also begun to encourage 

GPO's customer agencies to accept magnetic billing tapes instead of paper 

invoices, which will significantly reduce costs and improve the processing of 

customer billings. Other automation efforts were focused on the time, 

attendance, and leave system, on the employee awards system, and on the 

development of a new payroll system. 

A new scale of prices was developed and implemented for the Chicago Regional 

Printing Office. New rates were also developed for individual magnetic tapes 

and for tape subscriptions available through the Sales of Publications Program, 

and rates were added for four-color work which can be produced on GPO's 

four-color postal card press. In addition, all term contracts for paper contain a 

new adjustment clause allowing a monthly adjustment after the first 3 months. 

29 
Financial Statements 

Consolidated Balance Sheet 

As of September 30, 1989, and 1988 (Notes 1 and 2) (in thousands of dollars) 

Assets 

Current Assets: 

Cash: 

On-hand and in-transit 

Revolving Fund 

Appropriations 

Accounts receivable (Note 3) 

Inventories: 

Publications for sale, net (Note 4) 

Paper 

Materials and supplies 

Total Current Assets 

Property, Plant, and Equipment (Note 5): 

Land and buildings 

Equipment and building improvements 

Less: accumulated depreciation 

Net Property, Plant, and Equipment 

Total Assets 

1989 

$ 1,024 

128,420 

34,258 

250,954 

13,006 

17,918 

10,768 

$456,348 

18,648 

113,980 

132,628 

( 79,520) 

53,108 

$509,456 

1988 

$ 1,150 

114,909 

32,796 

218,147 

12,185 

15,410 

8,769 

$403,366 

18,648 

111,887 

130,535 

( 76,486) 

54,049 

$457,415 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 

30 
Liabilities and Investment 1989 1988 

Current Liabilities: 

Accounts payable (Note 6) $101,922 $ 82,463 

Advances from customers (Note 7) 69,261 34,993 

Accrued salaries, wages, benefits and other 

with holdings 4,371 4,156 

State and local payroll taxes 2,188 1,233 

Total Current Liabilities $177,742 $122,845 

Other Liabilities: 

Accrued annual leave 10,354 10,064 

Excess receipts from sales 

of publications, due U.S. Treasury 

(Note 8) 2,262 4,439 

Total Other Liabilities $ 12,616 $ 14,503 

Total Liabilities $190,358 $137,348 

Investment of U.S. Government: 

Appropriations: 

Unliquidated obligations 33,357 33,996 

Revolving Fund: 

Contributed capital (Note 9) 110,051 110,236 

Retained earnings 168,313 164,411 

Reserved for intra-office funding (Note 8) 7,377 11,424 

Total Revolving Fund $285,741 $286,071 

Total Investment $319,098 $320,067 

Total Liabilities and Investment $509,456 $457,415 

31 
Consolidated Statement of Revenue and Expenses 

by Function and Retained Earnings 

Fiscal Years 1989 and 1988 (Notes 1 and 2) (in thousands of dollars) 

Printing and Binding 

Revenue: 

Printing and Binding 

Sales of Publications 

Appropriations 

Reimbursements 

Total Revenue 

Expenses: 

Personnel compensation and 

benefits 

Travel and transportation 

Rents, communications and 

utilities 

Printing and reproduction 

Other services 

Supplies and materials 

Depreciation 

Publications sold 

Unsaleable publications 

Total Expenses 

Net Income or (Loss) 

In-House 

Printing 

$226,530 

$226,530 

$148,284 

697 

11 '104 

3,116 

60,606 

5,412 

$229,219 

($ 2,689) 

Retained Earnings, Beginning of Fiscal Year 

Retained Earnings Before Payable to U.S. Treasury 

Less: 

Purchased 

Printing 

$726,363 

$726,363 

$30,000 

2,374 

2,617 

682,492 

688 

1,042 

641 

$719,854 

$ 6,509 

Excess receipts from sales of publications, due U.S. Treasury 

Retained Earnings, End of Fiscal Year 

Total 

$952,893 

$952,893 

$178,284 

3,071 

13,721 

682,492 

3,804 

61,648 

6,053 

$949,073 

$ 3,820 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 

32 
Sales of 

Publications 

75,695 

$75;695 

$27,043 

1,322 

13,346 

1,207 

1 '191 

1,798 

204 

19,851 

4,533 

$70,495 

$ 5,200 

Information Dissemination 

Agency 

Distribution 

Services 

$4,821 

$4,821 

$2,766 

46 

1,502 

115 

106 

182 

22 

$4,739 

$ 82 

Salaries 

and 

Expenses 

$22,858 

$22,858 

$ 7,231 

433 

2,439 

11,564 

500 

479 

212 

$22,858 

Total 

$ 75,695 

22,858 

4,821 

$103,374 

$ 37,040 

1,801 

17,287 

12,886 

1,797 

2,459 

438 

19,851 

4,533 

$ 98,092 

$ 5,282 

Total GPO 

1989 1988 

Eliminations 

($ 36,869) $ 916,024 $843,798 

75,695 71,751 

(359) 22,499 21,092 

4,821 4,895 

{$37,228) $1,019,039 $941,536 

($ 3,223) $ 212,101 $205,853 

4,872 3,647 

(578) 30,430 32,012 

(32,737) 662,641 590,688 

(483) 5,118 3,531 

(207) 63,900 61,491 

6,491 6,646 

19,851 16,384 

4,533 4,898 

($37,228) $1,009,937 $925,150 

$ 9,102 $ 16,386 

$ 164,411 $152,464 

$ 173,513 $168,850 

(5,200) (4,439) 

$ 168,313 $164,411 

33 
Consolidated Statement of 

Changes in Financial Position 

Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 1989, and 1988 (Notes 1 and 2) 

(in thousands of dollars) 

1989 1988 

Funds Provided: 

Net Income 

Add expenses not requiring working capital: 

Depreciation 

Total Funds Provided by Operations 

Book value of retired assets 

Appropriations 

Reimbursements to Appropriation 

Increase in accrued annual leave 

Total Funds Provided 

Funds Applied: 

Purchase of fixed assets 

Funds returned to U.S. Treasury from appropriations 

Expended Appropriations (Note 1 0) 

Total Funds Applied 

Increase (Decrease) in Working Capital 

$ 9,102 

6,491 

15,593 

67 

85,731 

290 

$101,681 

5,804 

97,794 

$103,598 

($ 1,917) 

Changes in Working Capital 

Current Assets: 

Cash: 

On-hand and in-transit 

Revolving Fund 

Appropriations 

Accounts receivable 

Publications for sale 

Paper 

Materials and supplies 

Current Liabilities: 

Accounts payable 

Advances from customers 

Accrued salaries, wages, benefits and other 

withholdings 

State and local payroll taxes 

Increase (Decrease) in Working Capital 

($ 126) 

13,511 

1,462 

32,807 

821 

2,508 

1,999 

(19,459) 

(34,268) 

(216) 

(956) 

($ 1,917) 

$ 16,386 

6,646 

23,032 

209 

89,521 

4,895 

1,060 

$118,717 

5,019 

5,155 

106,290 

$116,464 

$ 2,253 

($ 710) 

20,344 

(13,475) 

(18,039) 

(29) 

2,995 

339 

5,234 

122 

5,883 

(411) 

$ 2,253 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 

34 
Status of Appropriated Funds 

Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 1989, and 1988 (Notes 1 and 2) 

(in thousands of dollars) 

Congressional Printing Salaries 

Total 

Appropriated Funds 

Printing and and and 

Binding Binding Expenses 1989 1988 

Status of 

Appropriations, 

Beginning of 

,Fiscal Year $11,308 $3,063 $18,425 $ 32,796 $ 46,271 

Funds Provided: 

Appropriations 72,000 13,731 85,731 89,521 

Intra-Office Funding 11,424 11,424 5,500 

Reimbursements 4,895 

Total Funds Available $83,308 $3,063 $43,580 $129,951 $146,187 

Funds Applied: 

Obligated 

appropriations: 

Current Fiscal Year 59,999 15,905 75,904 84,029 

Prior Fiscal Years 10,267 3,063 6,459 19,789 24,207 

Funds returned to 

U.S. Treasury 5,155 

Total Funds Applied $70,266 $3,063 $22,364 $ 95,693 $113,391 

Status of 

Appropriations, 

End of 

Fiscal Year $13,042 $21,216 $ 34,258 $ 32,796 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. 

35 
Notes to Financial Statements 

As of September 30, 1989, and September 30, 1988 

(1) Organization 

The Government Printing Office (GPO) provides printing, binding, and 

distribution services to the Congress and Federal agencies and distributes 

publications to the public. Title 44 of the U.S. Code authorizes the GPO 

Revolving Fund to finance these operations. The Revolving Fund is reimbursed 

by payments from agencies, receipts from sales of publications, and by 

transfers from the Salaries and Expenses, Congressional Printing and Binding, 

and prior year Printing and Binding Appropriations. In accordance with 

Pub. L. 100-458, for fiscal year 1989 Agency Distribution Services became part 

of the Revolving Fund. For prior years this program was included in the 

Salaries and Expenses Appropriation. 

Beginning in fiscal year 1988, the Printing and Binding and the 

Congressional Printing and Binding Appropriations were combined into one 

appropriation. This appropriation is for printing and binding performed directly 

for Congress and for printing and binding of publications authorized by law to 

be distributed without charge to recipients. 

The Salaries and Expenses Appropriation is for necessary expenses 

incurred by the Superintendent of Document for depository library, international 

exchange, and other statutory distribution of publications, and for the cataloging 

and indexing of Government publications. 

(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

Principles of Consolidation-The consolidated financial statements 

include all GPO funds. Inter-fund and inter-operational transactions and 

balances have been eliminated. 

Basis of Accounting-Assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses are 

recognized on the accrual basis of accounting following generally accepted 

accounting principles and the associated principles of fund accounting. During 

fiscal year 1989, the method of determining the liability for publications received 

but not billed at yearend was changed. The effect of this change on the 

financial statements was immaterial. , 

Expense Allocations-General and administrative expenses have been 

distributed among the various expense categories. To the extent practicable, 

general and administrative expenses were allocated to the various programs 

based on the estimated level of effort associated with each program. 

Revenue Recognition-Printing and binding revenue is recognized on the 

basis of work performed by GPO due to the fact that all printing and binding 

work is required by law to be reimbursed on the basis of services rendered. 

Revenue from commercially-procured printing and binding is recognized on the 

constructive-receipt concept. Revenue from distributing and selling publications 

to the public is recognized when publications have been shipped, or when 

services have been performed. 

36 
Inventories-Publications for sale are valued using the first-in, first-out cost 

method. The allowance for unsaleable publications is established to estimate the 

value of potentially obsolete publications held in inventory at fiscal yearend. 

Paper, materials and supplies are valued using the moving-average cost 

method. 

Property, Plant, and Equipment-Property, plant, and equipment are 

carried at cost. Expenditures which substantially increase the useful life of the 

assets are capitalized. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. 

Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method with estimated useful 

lives ranging from 42 to 50 years for buildings and from 3 to 30 years for 

machinery and equipment and building improvements. Depreciation expense 

for machinery and equipment and building improvements is recovered from 

bimngs to customer agencies. Buildings and structures have been paid from 

Legislative Branch appropriations. Accordingly, depreciation is recorded but not 

reimbursed on these items. 

Intra-Office Funding-The Salaries and Expenses Appropriation was 

funded in part by excess receipts derived from sales of publications. Pursuant 

to Pub. L. 100-458 this type of funding provided $11,424,000 to the 

Appropriation in fiscal year 1989. For fiscal year 1990, Pub. L. 101-163 and 

Pub. L. 101-164 will provide the Salaries and Expenses Appropriation 

$7,377,000 from the sale of publications, and $513,000 from the sale of land. 

Pensions-GPO employees are covered by the Civil Service Retirement 

and Disability Fund, the Federal Old-Age, Survivor, and Disability Insurance 

Fund, and/or the Federal Employee Retirement Fund. Consequently, GPO is 

responsible for withholding the required percentage from each employee's 

salary and for contributing to the funds. GPO's contributions were $13,723,000 

and $12,645,000 in 1989 and 1988, respectively. 

Prior Period Adjustment-The prior period adjustment to excess receipts 

results from decreasing Deferred Subscription Revenue by $640,000. This 

amount represents the value of subscriptions that were actually shipped in 

fiscal year 1988, but the appropriate revenue was not recognized. In 

accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, retained earnings at 

September 30, 1988, have been adjusted and comparative data recast to 

reflect the correction. 

37 
(3) Accounts Receivable 

Accounts receivable comprised the following: 

September 30 

U.S. Government agencies 

Unbilled completed work 

Unbilled work in process 

Other 

Totals 

1989 

$ 34,548,000 

159,986,000 

53,030,000 

3,390,000 

$250,954,000 

1988 

$ 35,285,000 

121 ,588,000 

59,324,000 

1,950,000 

$218,147,000 

(4) Inventory-Publications for Sale, Net 

Publications for sale, net, comprised the following: 

Publications for sale 

Allowance for unsaleable publications 

Publications for sale, net 

September 30 

1989 1988 

$ 16,506,000 

(3,500,000) 

$13,006,000 

$ 15,585,000 

(3,400,000) 

$12,185,000 

(5) Property, Plant, and Equipment 

Property, plant, and equipment consist of the following: 

September 30 

1989 1988 

Acquisition Accumulated Net Net 

Value Depreciation Book Value Book Value 

Land $ 9,992,000 $ 9,992,000 $ 9,992,000 

Buildings 8,656,000 $ 8,631,000 25,000 101,000 

Building 

improvements 35,621,000 17,668,000 17,953,000 18,250,000 

Leasehold 

improvements 824,000 175,000 649,000 671,000 

Plant machinery 

and equipment 67,368,000 46,027,000 21,341,000 22,702,000 

Office machinery 

and equipment 8,305,000 5,835,000 2,470,000 1,832,000 

Computer software 420,000 315,000 105,000 10,000 

Furniture and 

fixtures 349,000 205,000 144,000 58,000 

Motor vehicles 746,000 664,000 82,000 109,000 

Capital 

improvements in 

progress 347,000 347,000 324,000 

Totals $132,628,000 $79,520,000 $53,108,000 $54,049,000 

38 
(6) Accounts Payable 

Accounts payable comprised the following: 

September 30 

Category 

Commercial printing 

U.S. Government agencies 

Other 

Totals 

(7) Advances from Customers 

1989 

$ 88,770,000 

7,649,000 

5,503,000 

$101,922,000 

Advances from customers comprised the following: 

1988 

$ 71 ,090,000 

6,538,000 

4,835,000 

$82,463,000 

September 30 

Category 

Advanced billings to customer agencies* 

Customer deposits for publication orders 

Deferred subscription revenue 

Undelivered publication orders 

Totals 

1989 

$38,222,000 

8,308,000 

20,338,000 

2,393,000 

$69,261 ,000 

1988 

$ 6,127,000 

8,314,000 

17,895,000 

2,657,000 

$34,993,000 

* Fiscal year 1989 includes $33,304,000 advanced from the Bureau of the Census 

for printing and reproduction services related to the 1990 Decennial Census. 

(8) Amount Due U.S. Treasury 

Title 44 requires GPO to deposit in the U.S. Treasury excess receipts from 

sales of publications. The amount due the U.S. Treasury as of September 30, 

1989, was determined as follows: 

Amount due U.S. Treasury, 

September 30, 1988 

Prior Period Adjustment to Excess Receipts 

Fiscal Year 1989 Excess Receipts 

Amount of Excess Receipts to be used to finance 

Fiscal Year 1990 Salaries and Expenses 

Appropriation as per Public Laws 1 01-163 and 101-164 

Amount Due U.S. Treasury, 

September 30, 1989 

39 

$3,799,000 

640,000 

5,200,000 

(7,377,000) 

$2,262,000 
(9) Contributed Capital 

Contributed capital was derived from the following: 

Contributed Capital 

Beginning net worth when the Revolving 

Fund was established 

Book value of contributed buildings 

and land 

Appropriations for improvements to air 

conditioning and electrical systems 

Appropriations for working capital and site 

acquisition 

Donated equipment 

Totals 

(1 0) Expended Appropriations 

Expended appropriations were as follows: 

Programs 

Congressional Printing and Binding 

Printing and Binding 

Depository library distribution 

Cataloging and indexing 

Statutory distribution 

International exchange 

Agency Distribution Services 

Totals 

40 

September 30 

1989 1988 

$ 33,807,000 $ 33,807,000 

454,000 530,000 

12,900,000 12,900,000 

62,600,000 62,600,000 

290,000 399,000 

$110,051,000 $110,236,000 

September 30 

1989 

$ 71 ,890,000 

3,063,000 

19,332,000 

2,103,000 

924,000 

482,000 

$97,794,000 

1988 

$ 77,642,000 

2,235,000 

17,391,000 

2,184,000 

1,213,000 

292,000 

5,333,000 

$106,290,000 
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

(as of September 30, 1989) 

PUBLIC PRINTER 

JOSEPH E. JENIFER 

(Acting) 

- - - - - - -

-

DEPUTY PUBLIC 

PRINTER 

JOSEPH E. JENIFER 

I I 

INSPECTOR GENERAL 

GENERAL COUNSEL 

GRANT G. MOY, JR. JOYCE BLALOCK 

ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE OF WORKFORCE OFFICE OF OFFICE OF 

LAW JUDGE PLANNING AND TRAINING LEGISLATIVE AFFAIRS PUBLIC AFFAIRS 

MICHAEL F. DIMARIO LOISSCHUTIE RICHARD C. BARNETI DONNA M. ALEXANDER 

I I 

ASSISTANT PUBLIC PRINTER ASSISTANT PUBLIC PRINTER ASSISTANT PUBLIC PRINTER ASSISTANT PUBLIC P

(ADMINISTRATION AND RESOURCES (FINANCE AND PLANNING) (SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS) (OPERATIONS AND PRO

MANAGEMENT) 

JAMES N. JOYNER M. JOSEPH CANNON DONALD E. FOSSEDAL SAMUEL B. SCAG

I I I I I I I 

EQUAL OFFICE OF 

PERSONNEL EMPLOYMENT FINANCIAL OFFICE OF DOCUMENTS LIBRARY PRINTING 

SERVICE OPPORTUNITY MANAGEMENT PLANNING SALES PROGRAMS PROCUREMENT M

LAWRENCEW. SERVICE VINCENT F. THOMASJ. SERVICE SERVICE DEPARTMENT 

GARDNER CLAUDETIE ARENDES MULDOON JAMES D. YOUNG MARK F. SCULLY JAMES T. SMITH THO

BOULDIN (Acting) 

I I I 

OCCUPATIONAL SECURITY QUALITY HEALTH AND AND SUPPORT CONTROL& P

ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES TECHNICAL D

SERVICES DEPARTMENT GLE

DR. WILLIAM MANUEL M. BRITO GEORGE COLLINS T. HARRIS 

I I I 

LABOR AND OFFICE OF 

EMPLOYEE INFORMATION ENGINEERING 

RELATIONS RESOURCES SERVICE D

SERVICE MANAGEMENT J. EMORY CRANDALL 

NEAL FINE RAYMOND J. PLUTO BUR