Document ID: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-caed-1_15-cv-01419/USCOURTS-caed-1_15-cv-01419-2/pdf.json

Parties Involved:
Jeremiah Balik
Plaintiff
Fred Upton
Defendant

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

Plaintiff Jeremiah Balik initiated this action by filing a complaint against Congressman Fred 

Upton in Kern County Superior Court on August 12, 2015. (Doc. 1 at-1 at 2) Defendant filed a 

Notice of Removal from the state court on September 18, 2015 (Doc. 1), thereby initiating the matter 

in this Court. Because, as discussed below, the Court finds Plaintiff’s claims are fanciful and 

frivolous, it is recommended that Plaintiff’s complaint be DISMISSED without leave to amend.

I. Screening Requirement

Although Plaintiff has not requested to proceed in forma pauperis in this Court, the Kern 

County Superior Court granted him this status on September 3, 2015. (Doc. 1-4 at 2) When a plaintiff

proceeds in forma pauperis, the Court is required to review the complaint, and shall dismiss the case at 

any time if the Court determines the action or appeal is “frivolous, malicious or fails to state a claim 

on which relief may be granted; or . . . seeks monetary relief against a defendant who is immune from 

such relief.” 28 U.S.C. 1915(e)(2). 

JEREMIAH BALIK,

 Plaintiff,

v.

HON. FRED UPTON,

Defendant.

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Case No.: 1:15-cv-01419 - AWI - JLT

FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 

DISMISSING PLAINTIFF’S COMPLAINT 

WITHOUT LEAVE TO AMEND

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A claim is frivolous “when the facts alleged arise to the level of the irrational or the wholly 

incredible, whether or not there are judicially noticeable facts available to contradict them.” Denton v. 

Hernandez, 504 U.S. 25, 32-33 (1992); see also Neitzke v. Williams, 490 U.S. 319, 325, 328 (1989) 

(finding claims may be dismissed as “frivolous” where the allegations are “fanciful” or “describe[e] 

fantastic or delusional scenarios”).

II. Pleading Requirements

General rules for pleading complaints are governed by the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. A 

complaint must include a statement affirming the court’s jurisdiction, “a short and plain statement of 

the claim showing the pleader is entitled to relief; and . . . a demand for the relief sought, which may 

include relief in the alternative or different types of relief.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a). The Federal Rules 

adopt a flexible pleading policy, and pro se pleadings are held to “less stringent standards” than those 

drafted by attorneys. Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S. 519, 521-21 (1972).

A complaint must state the elements of the plaintiff’s claim in a plain and succinct manner. 

Jones v. Cmty Redevelopment Agency, 733 F.2d 646, 649 (9th Cir. 1984). The purpose of a complaint 

is to give the defendant fair notice of the claims against him, and the grounds upon which the 

complaint stands. Swierkiewicz v. Sorema N.A., 534 U.S. 506, 512 (2002). The Supreme Court noted,

Rule 8 does not require detailed factual allegations, but it demands more than an 

unadorned, the-defendant-unlawfully-harmed-me accusation. A pleading that offers 

labels and conclusions or a formulaic recitation of the elements of a cause of action will 

not do. Nor does a complaint suffice if it tenders naked assertions devoid of further 

factual enhancement.

Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009) (internal quotation marks and citations omitted). 

Conclusory and vague allegations do not support a cause of action. Ivey v. Board of Regents, 673 F.2d 

266, 268 (9th Cir. 1982). The Court clarified further,

[A] complaint must contain sufficient factual matter, accepted as true, to “state a claim 

to relief that is plausible on its face.” [Citation]. A claim has facial plausibility when the 

plaintiff pleads factual content that allows the court to draw the reasonable inference

that the defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged. [Citation]. The plausibility 

standard is not akin to a “probability requirement,” but it asks for more than a sheer 

possibility that a defendant has acted unlawfully. [Citation]. Where a complaint pleads 

facts that are “merely consistent with” a defendant’s liability, it “stops short of the line 

between possibility and plausibility of ‘entitlement to relief.’

Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678 (citations omitted). If factual allegations are well-pled, a court should assume 

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their truth and determine whether the facts would make the plaintiff entitled to relief; conclusions in the 

pleading are not entitled to the same assumption of truth. Id. 

III. Plaintiff’s Allegations

Plaintiff contends Defendant learned he was “interacting with Super Model Kate Upton” on 

Twitter and “had a sophisticated way to communicate [with] her on Instagram,” which angered 

Defendant. (Doc. 1-1 at 9) According to Plaintiff, Defendant “used his AT&T contacts to jam 

[Plaintif’s] network, slow [him] down on Instagram and other really bad stuff.” (Id.) For example, 

Plaintiff asserts Eric Paramski, owner of MacLagan Auto in Illinois “installed a GPS Kill Switch in 

[his] Volvo” with the knowledge of Defendant, because Defendant “wanted to run up [Plaintiff’s] auto 

repair expenses. (Id. at 9-10) 

In addition, Plaintiff asserts that he entered a contract “to operate Chocolate Shoppe Scoop 

shops in California,” and his “girlfriend at the time was Super Model Samantha Hoopes.” (Doc. 1 at 

10) He alleges Defendant “didn’t want [him] dating and pursuing a relationship with Samantha M. 

Hoopes,” so Defendant “called in a favor to Chocolate Shoppe Ice Cream CEO David Deadman, and 

told them not do to do business with [Plaintiff].” (Id.) 

He alleges also that Defendant called in favors to have “various law enforcement agencies, to 

have them unlawfully patrol around [Plaintiff]” and for Plaintiff’s phone to be “tampered with by 

numerous carriers.” (Doc. 1 at 11, 12) He also alleges Defendant “would routinely coordinate for 

someone with ‘Michigan License Plates’ to be in the vicinity of Plaintiff, when he was driving or 

reached a destination” to let Plaintiff know that “Defendant is everywhere and watching you kind of 

thing.” (Id. at 11, emphasis omitted)

IV. Discussion and Analysis

Based upon the foregoing factual allegations, Plaintiff asserts Defendant is liable for harassment 

in violation of California Code of Civil Procedure 527.6, which “defines ‘harassment’ as ‘unlawful 

violence, a credible threat of violence, or a knowing and willful course of conduct directed at a specific 

person that seriously alarms, annoys, or harasses the person, and that serves no legitimate purpose.’” 

Rockridge Trust v. Wells Fargo, N.A., 985 F. Supp.2d 1110, 1155 (N.D. Cal. 2013) (quoting Cal. Civ. 

P. § 527.6) In addition, the alleged actions “must be such that would cause a reasonable person to 

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suffer substantial emotional distress, and must actually cause substantial emotional distress to the 

[plaintiff].” (Id.)

Here, Plaintiff has not alleged any acts of violence, threats of violence, or conduct that 

“seriously alarms, annoys, or harasses the person.” Furthermore, the allegations that Congressman 

Upton has “called in favors” with individuals from Illinois, Michigan, and California to interfere with 

Plaintiff’s ability to date super models, disrupt business prospects, and follow him while driving are 

clearly lacking all credibility and all plausibility. Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678.

Other than Plaintiff’s fantastic ruminations, there are no facts to support his conclusions that 

Congressman Upton is responsible for Plaintiff’s car not working, his super-model girlfriend breaking 

up with him, or the Chocolate Shoppe Ice Cream CEO deciding to not do business with him. 

Accordingly, the Court finds Plaintiff’s allegations are fanciful, and lack an arguable basis in fact. See 

Denton, 504 U.S. at 32-33.

V. Findings and Recommendations

Plaintiff fails to state a claim for civil harassment in violation of California law. Moreover, 

given the fanciful nature of Plaintiff’s claims, the Court finds leave to amend would be futile. See 

Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 679 (noting that a court should “draw on its judicial experience and common sense”

to determine whether a claim is plausible); Denton, 504 U.S. at 32-33 (a court may dismiss a claim as 

frivolous if the alleged facts are “clearly baseless,” “fanciful,” or “fantastic”); Lopez v. Smith, 203 F.3d 

1122, 1129 (9th Cir. 2000) (“Under Ninth Circuit case law, district courts are only required to grant 

leave to amend if a complaint can possibly be saved. Courts are not required to grant leave to amend if 

a complaint lacks merit entirely”). 

Based upon the foregoing, IT IS HEREBY RECOMMENDED:

1. Plaintiff’s complaint be DISMISSED without leave to amend;

2. Any remaining motions be terminated as moot; and

3. The Clerk of Court be directed to close this matter.

These Findings and Recommendations are submitted to the United States District Judge 

assigned to the case, pursuant to the provisions of 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1)(B) and Rule 304 of the Local 

Rules of Practice for the United States District Court, Eastern District of California. Within fourteen 

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days after being served with these Findings and Recommendations, any party may file written 

objections with the court. Such a document should be captioned “Objections to Magistrate Judge’s 

Findings and Recommendations.” The parties are advised that failure to file objections within the 

specified time may waive the right to appeal the District Court’s order. Martinez v. Ylst, 951 F.2d 1153 

(9th Cir. 1991); Wilkerson v. Wheeler, 772 F.3d 834, 834 (9th Cir. 2014).

IT IS SO ORDERED.

Dated: October 1, 2015 /s/ Jennifer L. Thurston 

UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE

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