Document ID: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-ca10-15-06183/USCOURTS-ca10-15-06183-0/pdf.json

Parties Involved:
David A. Speer
Appellant
The Prudential Insurance Company of America
Appellee

Document Text:

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS 

FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT 

_________________________________ 

DAVID A. SPEER, 

 Plaintiff - Appellant, 

v. 

THE PRUDENTIAL INSURANCE 

COMPANY OF AMERICA, 

 Defendant - Appellee. 

No. 15-6183 

(D.C. No. 5:14-CV-00669-C) 

(W.D. Okla.) 

_________________________________ 

ORDER AND JUDGMENT*

_________________________________ 

Before KELLY, O’BRIEN, and GORSUCH, Circuit Judges. 

_________________________________ 

Plaintiff David A. Speer, proceeding pro se, filed a complaint in state court 

against defendant, The Prudential Insurance Company (“Prudential”), and his brother, 

Norman Speer (“Norman”). Prudential was the plan administrator for a life insurance 

policy for Mr. Speer’s father. After his father passed away, Prudential prepared a 

check made out to Mr. Speer for half of the proceeds of the policy and one made out 

to Norman for half of the proceeds of the policy. Prudential mailed both checks to 

 *

 After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined 

unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist in the determination of 

this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is therefore 

ordered submitted without oral argument. This order and judgment is not binding 

precedent, except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral 

estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive value consistent with 

Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1. 

FILED 

United States Court of Appeals

Tenth Circuit 

April 27, 2016

Elisabeth A. Shumaker 

Clerk of Court

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2 

Norman’s address based on information that Norman had provided to them in a 

sworn affidavit. Both checks were cashed shortly thereafter. 

Mr. Speer was incarcerated at the time of his father’s death and did not learn 

of the insurance proceeds until a later date. Once he learned about the policy, he 

contacted Prudential and informed them he had not received his check. He requested 

that Prudential re-issue the check to him. Prudential attempted to assist Mr. Speer in 

filing a fraud claim with the bank where his check had been cashed, but due to delays 

in communicating with Mr. Speer while he was in prison, the statute of limitations 

expired on that claim. Prudential ultimately denied Mr. Speer’s request to re-issue 

the check, explaining it had legally discharged its obligation on the policy when 

payment was made via a check naming Mr. Speer as the payee. 

In his complaint, Mr. Speer alleged Prudential wrongfully turned over his 

share of his father’s life insurance proceeds to his brother, and that Norman forged 

the check and converted the proceeds for his own use. Mr. Speer sought to recover 

the insurance benefits he allegedly never received. 

Prudential removed the case to federal court. The district court subsequently 

denied Mr. Speer’s motion to remand based on its determination that his claims were 

completely preempted by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”).1

 

Mr. Speer filed several motions requesting additional discovery beyond the 

 1

 The district court severed Mr. Speer’s claims against his brother and 

remanded those to state court. 

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3 

administrative record2

, all of which the district court denied. Prudential ultimately 

moved for summary judgment and the district court granted the motion. Mr. Speer 

now appeals, arguing that the district court erred in denying his motions to remand 

and for additional discovery and in granting summary judgment in favor of 

Prudential. Exercising our jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291, we affirm. 

I. Discussion 

 We review de novo the district court’s summary judgment ruling, applying the 

same standard as the district court. Christy v. Travelers Indem. Co. of Am., 810 F.3d 

1220, 1225 (10th Cir. 2016). Summary judgment is proper “if the movant shows that 

there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to 

judgment as a matter of law.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(a). “We also review de novo the 

district court’s denial of a motion to remand for lack of removal jurisdiction.” Salzer 

v. SSM Health Care of Oklahoma Inc., 762 F.3d 1130, 1134 (10th Cir. 2014). We 

review for abuse of discretion the district court’s denial of Mr. Speer’s motions for 

additional discovery. See F.D.I.C. v. Arciero, 741 F.3d 1111, 1116 (10th Cir. 2013). 

 A. Motion to Remand

In its notice of removal, Prudential explained that Mr. Speer’s state action 

sought to recover proceeds from a group life insurance policy issued by Prudential to 

Mr. Speer’s father’s employer in connection with an ERISA-governed employee 

 2

 The administrative record is “the materials compiled by the [plan] 

administrator in the course of making his decision.” Weber v. GE Grp. Life 

Assurance Co., 541 F.3d 1002, 1011 (10th Cir. 2008) (internal quotation marks 

omitted). 

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benefits plan. Prudential further explained that ERISA provides an exclusive federal 

cause of action for participants or beneficiaries who bring actions related to the 

recovery of benefits, citing to the Supreme Court’s decision in Metropolitan Life 

Insurance Company v. Taylor, 481 U.S. 58, 62-63 (1987). Because ERISA provides 

the exclusive remedy for a claim of benefits, Prudential asserted that ERISA 

completely preempts any state law claim or remedy based on any wrongful 

withholding of benefits promised under an employee benefit plan, citing to the 

Supreme Court’s decision in Aetna Health Inc. v. Davila, 542 U.S. 200, 220 (2004). 

Mr. Speer filed a motion to remand his action to state court, arguing that his 

case should be remanded because his claim was not covered by ERISA and that his 

claim was based on state law, not federal law. The district court denied the motion, 

explaining that “[Mr. Speer’s] claim is preempted by ERISA because it is an action 

related to the recovery of benefits arising from an ERISA plan.” Aplee. App. at 13. 

On appeal, Mr. Speer argues that the district court erred in denying his motion 

to remand. In support of his argument, Mr. Speer cites to our decision in Felix v. 

Lucent Technologies, Inc., 387 F.3d 1146 (10th Cir. 2004). In Felix, we determined 

that plaintiffs’ state law claim was not preempted because it did not seek to recover 

benefits due to them under an ERISA plan. Id. at 1159. Instead, the plaintiffs 

alleged “that they were fraudulently induced to take early retirement, to their 

financial detriment,” and they “[sought] monetary damages from their employer (not 

from the pension plan) for that alleged fraud.” Id. Felix, however, does not support 

a reversal here. Mr. Speer does not offer any reasoned or well-supported argument to 

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5 

explain how his claim to recover $21,125.39 allegedly due to him as a beneficiary of 

his father’s life insurance policy is not an action related to the recovery of benefits 

arising from an ERISA plan and subject to ERISA preemption. Because Mr. Speer 

asserts a claim against Prudential that arises directly from an ERISA plan and seeks 

benefits payable under the plan, the district court properly denied his motion to 

remand. See Aetna Health, Inc., 542 U.S. at 221; Metropolitan Life Ins. Co., 

481 U.S. at 62-63. 

B. Motions for Additional Discovery 

Mr. Speer filed a motion for additional or further discovery, two motions to 

compel discovery, and a motion to defer ruling on summary judgment pending 

further discovery. All of these motions sought to expand the scope of discovery 

outside of the materials contained in the administrative record. Prudential argued in 

response to the requests for discovery that much of the information Mr. Speer sought 

was already provided in the administrative record and that his discovery requests 

were generally cumulative, overly broad and vague and ambiguous. The district 

court denied all of the motions for additional discovery, concluding that Mr. Speer 

had failed to show the propriety of extra-record discovery. 

On appeal, Mr. Speer argues that the district court erred in denying his 

requests for additional discovery, but he has not adequately explained why he should 

have been permitted discovery outside of the administrative record. “[I]n reviewing 

a plan administrator’s decision under the arbitrary and capricious standard, the 

federal courts are limited to the administrative record—the materials complied by the 

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administrator in the course of making his decision.” Weber, 541 F.3d at 1011. We 

see no abuse of discretion in the district court’s decisions denying Mr. Speer’s 

requests for additional discovery outside of the administrative record. 

C. Motion for Summary Judgment 

Prudential moved for summary judgment on Mr. Speer’s claim. In its 

decision, the court noted that it was undisputed that Prudential mailed a benefits 

check to Mr. Speer in March 2010 and that Prudential refused to reissue the check. 

Mr. Speer sought a determination that Prudential was liable to him for the $21,025.39 

that he never received. The district court explained that “[w]hether [Prudential] 

reasonably handled the original benefits claim and [Mr. Speer’s] request for 

re-issuance of the benefits check is a legal question that will determine [Prudential’s] 

liability.” R. at 830. 

The district court concluded that Prudential’s decision to mail Mr. Speer’s 

check to his brother’s address was not arbitrary or capricious because Prudential 

reasonably relied on the information Norman provided when he returned the 

notarized Preferential Beneficiary’s Affidavit.3

 The district court further concluded 

that Prudential acted in good faith and followed its policies in mailing the check to 

Norman’s address. The court noted that there was no evidence that Prudential 

engaged in fraud or aided in the fraudulent endorsement of Mr. Speer’s check. The 

 3

 Mr. Speer’s father did not designate a beneficiary on his life insurance 

policy. Prudential contacted Mr. Speer’s father’s employer and learned that he had 

designated Norman as the beneficiary of his 401(k) fund. Because Prudential only 

knew of Norman as a potential beneficiary, it communicated with him to obtain 

information about other potential beneficiaries. 

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court therefore determined that Prudential’s decision not to reissue the check to 

Mr. Speer was neither arbitrary nor capricious. 

The district court granted Prudential’s motion and entered judgment in its 

favor. On appeal, Mr. Speer asserts that “[w]hen [Prudential] administered the claim 

for benefits in March 2010, it was not uniform in operation or effect in distinguishing 

[his] individual address . . . .” Aplt. Br. at 3A. He further asserts that he “is entitled 

to half of the funds from his father’s insurance policy to be sent to [his] address in 

order for [him] to receive the benefits of the policy.” Id. at 3B. Mr. Speer, however, 

fails to offer a reasoned argument with evidentiary support as to how the district 

court erred in granting summary judgment or how Prudential’s disbursement of his 

father’s insurance proceeds was arbitrary or capricious. We therefore affirm the 

district court’s decision for substantially the same reasons stated in its Memorandum 

Opinion and Order dated August 19, 2015. 

II. Conclusion 

For the foregoing reasons, we affirm the district court’s judgment. We grant 

Mr. Speer’s motion to proceed in forma pauperis. We remind him that he is 

obligated to continue making partial payments until the entire fee has been paid. 

Entered for the Court 

Paul J. Kelly, Jr. 

Circuit Judge 

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