Document ID: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-ca10-93-08008/USCOURTS-ca10-93-08008-0/pdf.json

Parties Involved:
Jamie Caraveo Perez
Appellant
United States of America
Appellee

Document Text:

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS F I L -4...., ...J 

United States Cot.rt of Appeal.o 

FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 

Plaintiff-Appellee, 

v. 

Tenth Circuit 

FEB 2 5 1993 

ROBERT L. HOECKER 

Clerk . 

No. 93-8008 

JAMIE CARAVEO PEREZ, 

Defendant-Appellant. 

(D.C. No. 92-CR-11402B) 

(D. Wyo.) 

ORDER AND JUDGMENT* 

Before McKAY, Chief Judge, LOGAN, and ANDERSON, Circuit Judges. 

After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel 

has determined unanimously that oral argument would not materially 

assist the determination of this appeal . See Fed. R. App. P. 

34 {a); 10th Cir. R. 34.1.9. 

submitted without oral a~gurnent. 

The case is therefore ordered 

Defendant-appellant Jamie Caraveo Perez appeals from an order 

of the district court granting the government's motion to revoke 

defendant's release on bail pending trial. We affirm. 

* This order and judgment has no precedential value and shal l 

n ot be cited, or used by any court within the Tenth Circuit, 

except for purposes of establishing the doctrines of the law of 

the case, res judicata, or collateral estoppel. 10th Cir. R. 36.3. 

Appellate Case: 93-8008 Document: 010110176476 Date Filed: 02/25/1993 Page: 1 
Defendant was charged in a two-count indictment in Wyoming 

with conspiracy to possess marijuana with intent to distribute and 

aiding and abetting possession with intent to distribute 

marijuana. Defendant was arrested in California and was released 

on bail. He reported as ordered to the United States District 

Court for the District of Wyoming and pled not guilty to both 

charges. The government then filed a motion to revoke defendant's 

bail pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §§ 3145(a) (1), 3142(f). The district 

court, holding that defendant was a flight risk, granted the 

motion and ordered defendant detained. 

Under section 3142(e), upon a finding of probable 

cause that the defendant has committed a federal drug 

offense carrying a maximum prison term of ten years or 

more, a rebuttable presumption arises that no conditions 

of release will assure defendant's appearance and the 

safety of the community. Once the presumption is 

invoked, the burden of production shifts to the 

defendant . However, the burden of persuasion regarding 

risk-of-flight and danger to the community always 

remains with the government. The defendant's burden of 

production is not heavy, but some evidence must be 

produced. Even if a defendant's burden of production is 

met, the presumption remains a factor for consideration 

by the district court in determining whether to release 

or detain. 

United States v. Stricklin, 932 F.2d 1353 , 1354-55 (10th Cir. 

19 91) . 

Our "review of detention or release orders is plenary as to 

mixed questions of law and fact and independent, with due 

deference to the district court's purely factual findings." Id. 

The district court, citing the indictment and the fact that a 

search of defendant's residence at the time of his arrest yielded 

twenty-six pounds of marijuana, firearms, and $55,000 in cash, 

found probable cause to believe that defendant had committed the 

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Appellate Case: 93-8008 Document: 010110176476 Date Filed: 02/25/1993 Page: 2 
charged offenses which carry a maximum prison term of ten years or 

more. District Court Order at 3 . Defendant does not contest this 

determination. The§ 3142 presumption was properly invoked. 

Defendant presented evidence that he had met all bail 

conditions in California, posted the monetary bond required, 

appeared at every required court appearance, cooperated fully with 

pretrial service offices in both states, retained counsel 

immediately, and sought no delay or special treatment. Defendant 

has no record of past criminal conduct involving marijuana. 

The district court determined the government met its burden 

of persuasion by the following: (1) defendant is not a United 

States citizen; (2) defendant is in possession of an apparently 

fraudulent green card which does not represent his correct status 

because, while the card contains defendant's picture, the number 

was issued to a person coming to this country from China; and (3) 

defendant's application for amnesty was denied and is now on 

appeal. If affirmed, defe ndant will be subject to immediate 

deportation as an illegal alien. The court also found defendant 

has the apparent financi~l means or, at least, access to finances 

through loans to enable him to flee. 

At the hearing on the government's motion, the district court 

also no ted that while defendant had a substantial cut in reported 

income according to his tax returns, he had paid off substantial 

indebtedness . Further, defendant had obtained loans from other 

persons totalling about $16,000.00. The court stated that 

defendant 

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Appellate Case: 93-8008 Document: 010110176476 Date Filed: 02/25/1993 Page: 3 
is here by virtue of illegal entry. He is not a citizen 

of the United States. He is confronting a prison 

sentence with the possibility ... after serving any 

prison sentence, ... of having to be deported to 

Mexico, ... and it seems to me that that situation 

creates an incentive or motive on his part to depart. 

Appellant's Br., ex. C. at 22-23. 

We agree that the government met its burden of persuasion. 

The order of the United States District Court for the District of 

Wyoming is AFFIRMED. 

ENTERED FOR THE COURT 

PER CURIAM 

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Appellate Case: 93-8008 Document: 010110176476 Date Filed: 02/25/1993 Page: 4