Document ID: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-cand-3_16-cv-01981/USCOURTS-cand-3_16-cv-01981-1/pdf.json

Parties Involved:
Jeffrey Beard
Defendant
Josie Gastelo
Defendant
Kennard Isaiah Love
Plaintiff
William Muniz
Defendant
Salinas Valley State Prison
Defendant

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United States District Court

Northern District of California

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

KENNARD ISAIAH LOVE,

Plaintiff,

v.

SALINAS VALLEY STATE PRISON,

Defendant.

Case No. 16-cv-01981-JD 

ORDER OF SERVICE

Re: Dkt. No. 10

Plaintiff, a state prisoner, has filed a pro se civil rights complaint under 42 U.S.C. § 1983. 

The complaint was dismissed with leave to amend and plaintiff has filed an amended complaint.

DISCUSSION

STANDARD OF REVIEW

Federal courts must engage in a preliminary screening of cases in which prisoners seek 

redress from a governmental entity or officer or employee of a governmental entity. 28 U.S.C. 

§ 1915A(a). In its review, the Court must identify any cognizable claims, and dismiss any claims 

which are frivolous, malicious, fail to state a claim upon which relief may be granted, or seek 

monetary relief from a defendant who is immune from such relief. Id. at 1915A(b)(1),(2). Pro se 

pleadings must be liberally construed. Balistreri v. Pacifica Police Dep’t, 901 F.2d 696, 699 (9th 

Cir. 1990).

Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 8(a)(2) requires only “a short and plain statement of the 

claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief.” Although a complaint “does not need detailed 

factual allegations, . . . a plaintiff’s obligation to provide the ‘grounds’ of his ‘entitle[ment] to 

relief’ requires more than labels and conclusions, and a formulaic recitation of the elements of a 

cause of action will not do. . . . Factual allegations must be enough to raise a right to relief above 

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the speculative level.” Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555 (2007) (citations 

omitted). A complaint must proffer “enough facts to state a claim to relief that is plausible on its 

face.” Id. at 570. The United States Supreme Court has explained the “plausible on its face” 

standard of Twombly: “While legal conclusions can provide the framework of a complaint, they 

must be supported by factual allegations. When there are well-pleaded factual allegations, a court 

should assume their veracity and then determine whether they plausibly give rise to an entitlement 

to relief.” Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 679 (2009). 

To state a claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, a plaintiff must allege that: (1) a right secured by 

the Constitution or laws of the United States was violated, and (2) the alleged deprivation was 

committed by a person acting under the color of state law. West v. Atkins, 487 U.S. 42, 48 (1988).

LEGAL CLAIMS

Plaintiff argues that prison officials improperly classified him as a sex offender based on 

his commitment crime. The Due Process Clause protects against the deprivation of liberty without 

due process of law. Wilkinson v. Austin, 545 U.S. 209, 221 (2005). In order to invoke the 

protection of the Due Process Clause, a plaintiff must first establish the existence of a liberty 

interest for which the protection is sought. Id. Liberty interests may arise from the Due Process 

Clause itself, or from an expectation or interest created by prison regulations. Id. The Due 

Process Clause itself does not confer on inmates a liberty interest in avoiding “more adverse 

conditions of confinement.” Id. The existence of a liberty interest created by prison regulations is 

determined by focusing on the nature of the deprivation. Sandin v. Conner, 515 U.S. 472, 481-84 

(1995). Such liberty interests are “generally limited to freedom from restraint which . . . imposes 

atypical and significant hardship on the inmate in relation to the ordinary incidents of prison life.” 

Id. at 484; Myron v. Terhune, 476 F.3d 716, 718 (9th Cir. 2007).

Changes in conditions relating to classification and reclassification do not implicate the 

Due Process Clause itself. See Hernandez v. Johnston, 833 F.2d 1316, 1318 (9th Cir. 1987) 

(citing Moody v. Dagget, 429 U.S. 78, 88 n.9 (1976)) (no constitutional right to particular 

classification). Yet, the classification of an inmate as a sex offender may be the type of atypical 

and significant hardship on the inmate in relation to the ordinary incidents of prison life that the 

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Supreme Court held created a protected liberty interest in Sandin. See Neal v. Shimoda, 131 F.3d 

818, 827-30 (9th Cir. 1997). While such a liberty interest is not created merely by the requirement 

that sex offenders participate in a specified treatment program, see id. at 830, in Neal the Ninth 

Circuit found that “the stigmatizing consequences of the attachment of the ‘sex offender’ label 

coupled with the subjection of the targeted inmate to a mandatory treatment program whose 

successful completion is a precondition for parole eligibility create the kind of deprivations of 

liberty that require procedural protections,” id. Under these circumstances, inmates are entitled to 

procedural due process before being classified as sex offenders. See id. at 830-31 (inmates 

entitled to procedural protections of Wolff v. McDonnell, 418 U.S. 539 (1974), including notice of 

reasons for classification as sex offender and a hearing at which the inmate may call witnesses and 

present documentary evidence in his defense). 

Plaintiff states that an “R” suffix was improperly added to his custody designation which 

denotes an underlying sex related offense. Plaintiff was charged as being an accomplice when 

another defendant forced the victim to perform sex acts and assaulted her. Plaintiff pled guilty to 

the assault but the sex related charges were dismissed. At a Unit Classification Committee 

(“UCC”) hearing on September 17, 2014, the committee noted that plaintiff did not participate in 

the sexual acts but added the “R” suffix because plaintiff had an opportunity to intercede in the 

sexual assault but did not. Complaint at 9.

Plaintiff contends that he has suffered atypical and significant hardships including the 

stigma of being a sex offender, delays in obtaining his bachelor’s degree, and not being allowed 

overnight visits from a spouse and family. He also alleges that he was not permitted to call

witnesses and present documentary evidence at the UCC hearing. This is sufficient to proceed.

CONCLUSION

1. Plaintiff’s motion for an extension (Docket No. 10) is GRANTED and the 

amended complaint is deemed timely filed.

2. The clerk shall issue a summons and the United States Marshal shall serve, without 

prepayment of fees, copies of the complaint with attachments and copies of this order on the 

following defendants: Jeffrey Beard, Secretary of the California Department of Corrections and 

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Rehabilitation; William Muniz, Warden of Salinas Valley State Prison; Josie Gastelo, Warden of 

California Men’s Colony State Prison.

3. In order to expedite the resolution of this case, the Court orders as follows:

a. No later than sixty days from the date of service, defendant shall file a 

motion for summary judgment or other dispositive motion. The motion shall be supported by 

adequate factual documentation and shall conform in all respects to Federal Rule of Civil 

Procedure 56, and shall include as exhibits all records and incident reports stemming from the 

events at issue. If defendant is of the opinion that this case cannot be resolved by summary 

judgment, he shall so inform the Court prior to the date his summary judgment motion is due. All 

papers filed with the Court shall be promptly served on the plaintiff.

b. At the time the dispositive motion is served, defendant shall also serve, on a 

separate paper, the appropriate notice or notices required by Rand v. Rowland, 154 F.3d 952, 953-

954 (9th Cir. 1998) (en banc), and Wyatt v. Terhune, 315 F.3d 1108, 1120 n. 4 (9th Cir. 2003). 

See Woods v. Carey, 684 F.3d 934, 940-941 (9th Cir. 2012) (Rand and Wyatt notices must be 

given at the time motion for summary judgment or motion to dismiss for nonexhaustion is filed, 

not earlier); Rand at 960 (separate paper requirement). 

c. Plaintiff’s opposition to the dispositive motion, if any, shall be filed with 

the Court and served upon defendant no later than thirty days from the date the motion was served 

upon him. Plaintiff must read the attached page headed “NOTICE -- WARNING,” which is 

provided to him pursuant to Rand v. Rowland, 154 F.3d 952, 953-954 (9th Cir. 1998) (en banc), 

and Klingele v. Eikenberry, 849 F.2d 409, 411-12 (9th Cir. 1988).

If defendant files a motion for summary judgment claiming that plaintiff failed to exhaust 

his available administrative remedies as required by 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a), plaintiff should take 

note of the attached page headed “NOTICE -- WARNING (EXHAUSTION),” which is provided 

to him as required by Wyatt v. Terhune, 315 F.3d 1108, 1120 n. 4 (9th Cir. 2003).

d. If defendant wishes to file a reply brief, he shall do so no later than fifteen 

days after the opposition is served upon him. 

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e. The motion shall be deemed submitted as of the date the reply brief is due. 

No hearing will be held on the motion unless the Court so orders at a later date. 

4. All communications by plaintiff with the Court must be served on defendant, or 

defendant’s counsel once counsel has been designated, by mailing a true copy of the document to 

defendants or defendants’ counsel.

5. Discovery may be taken in accordance with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. 

No further Court order under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 30(a)(2) is required before the 

parties may conduct discovery.

6. It is plaintiff’s responsibility to prosecute this case. Plaintiff must keep the Court 

informed of any change of address by filing a separate paper with the clerk headed “Notice of 

Change of Address.” He also must comply with the Court’s orders in a timely fashion. Failure to 

do so may result in the dismissal of this action for failure to prosecute pursuant to Federal Rule of 

Civil Procedure 41(b).

IT IS SO ORDERED.

Dated: August 31, 2016

JAMES DONATO

United States District Judge

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NOTICE -- WARNING (SUMMARY JUDGMENT)

If defendants move for summary judgment, they are seeking to have your case dismissed. 

A motion for summary judgment under Rule 56 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure will, if 

granted, end your case.

Rule 56 tells you what you must do in order to oppose a motion for summary judgment. 

Generally, summary judgment must be granted when there is no genuine issue of material fact--

that is, if there is no real dispute about any fact that would affect the result of your case, the party 

who asked for summary judgment is entitled to judgment as a matter of law, which will end your 

case. When a party you are suing makes a motion for summary judgment that is properly 

supported by declarations (or other sworn testimony), you cannot simply rely on what your 

complaint says. Instead, you must set out specific facts in declarations, depositions, answers to 

interrogatories, or authenticated documents, as provided in Rule 56(e), that contradict the facts 

shown in the defendant’s declarations and documents and show that there is a genuine issue of 

material fact for trial. If you do not submit your own evidence in opposition, summary judgment, 

if appropriate, may be entered against you. If summary judgment is granted, your case will be 

dismissed and there will be no trial. 

NOTICE -- WARNING (EXHAUSTION)

If defendants file a motion for summary judgment for failure to exhaust, they are seeking 

to have your case dismissed. If the motion is granted it will end your case.

You have the right to present any evidence you may have which tends to show that you did 

exhaust your administrative remedies. Such evidence may be in the form of declarations 

(statements signed under penalty of perjury) or authenticated documents, that is, documents 

accompanied by a declaration showing where they came from and why they are authentic, or other 

sworn papers, such as answers to interrogatories or depositions. 

If defendants file a motion for summary judgment for failure to exhaust and it is granted, 

your case will be dismissed and there will be no trial.

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United States District Court

Northern District of California

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

KENNARD ISAIAH LOVE,

Plaintiff,

v.

SALINAS VALLEY STATE PRISON,

Defendant.

Case No. 16-cv-01981-JD 

CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

I, the undersigned, hereby certify that I am an employee in the Office of the Clerk, U.S. 

District Court, Northern District of California.

That on August 31, 2016, I SERVED a true and correct copy(ies) of the attached, by 

placing said copy(ies) in a postage paid envelope addressed to the person(s) hereinafter listed, by 

depositing said envelope in the U.S. Mail, or by placing said copy(ies) into an inter-office delivery 

receptacle located in the Clerk's office.

Kennard Isaiah Love ID: AA-7389

California Men's Colony State Prison

P.O. Box 8101

San Luis Obispo, CA 93409 

Dated: August 31, 2016

Susan Y. Soong

Clerk, United States District Court

By:________________________

LISA R. CLARK, Deputy Clerk to the 

Honorable JAMES DONATO

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