Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-caed-2_09-cv-00822/USCOURTS-caed-2_09-cv-00822-4/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 550
Nature of Suit: Prisoner - Civil Rights (U.S. defendant)
Cause of Action: 42:1983 Prisoner Civil Rights

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1

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

SHADALE WILLIAMS, 

Plaintiff, No. CIV S-09-0822 MCE GGH P

vs.

N. GRANNIS, et al.,

Defendants. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

 /

Introduction

Plaintiff, a state prisoner proceeding pro se, seeks relief pursuant to 42 U.S.C. §

1983. Pending before the court is defendants’ November 9, 2009, motion to dismiss, to which

plaintiff filed an opposition on November 30, 2009, after which defendants filed a reply on

December 7, 2009. 

Complaint

Plaintiff names as defendants Chief of Inmate Appeals, N. Grannis; Mule Creek

State Prison (MCSP) Chief Disciplinary Hearing Officer D. B. Long; and MCSP Disciplinary

Hearing Officer D. Chambers. Complaint, p. 4. Plaintiff alleges that he is not challenging the

60-day credit loss that he was assessed on being found guilty at his August 28, 2008, prison

disciplinary hearing. Id., at 2. Rather, plaintiff states at one point that he challenges the

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26 Administrative segregation. 1

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disciplinary procedures that placed him in administrative segregation while his disciplinary

hearing was pending which he alleges violated his due process rights. Id. Elsewhere, however,

he focuses on a challenge to the procedures at the hearing, arguing that they violated due process. 

See below. Also, plaintiff has made a claim of retaliation as set forth in the following. 

Plaintiff states that he arrived at MCSP on June 24, 2008, and thereafter on July

15, 2008, he challenged the adequacy of the Facility A law library. Complaint, p. 5. He was

“sternly threatened,” on July 16, 2008, by the law librarian, named Reece, not a defendant, about

pursuing any effort to improve library services at MCSP. Id. at 6. Plaintiff was warned: “[n]o

one has successfully challenged the law library and remained at Mule Creek Prison to see the

results.” Id. He was further informed on the same day by an inmate law library worker named

Al Kembro that every previous inmate who had “challenged the law library” was shortly

thereafter “‘falsely charged—thrown in the hole (Ad Seg)— and transferred.’” Id.

On August 5, 2008, plaintiff was removed from his education assignment and

interviewed by Sergeant R. J. Bueno, not a defendant, who directed plaintiff to drop his

administrative grievance regarding the library, which plaintiff refused to do. Complaint, p. 7. 

Thereafter, Bueno informed plaintiff that Reece, the law librarian, believed plaintiff to be a threat

to her and that she had seen plaintiff masturbating as he looked at her on the previous Saturday. 

Id. Plaintiff told Bueno that he had been with another inmate in the library that day, August 2,

2008, and had only stayed fifteen minutes, enough time to get copies. Id. Plaintiff was placed in

Ad Seg on August 5, 2008, on an unspecified charge with no date, time or place provided for the 1

alleged over-familiar behavior. Id. at 8. 

On August 7, 2008, Sgt. Bueno authored a chrono based on an anonymous note

that plaintiff gets “sexually aroused when [he] gets in verbal confrontations with Ms. Reece.” 

Complaint, p. 8. On August 19, 2008, plaintiff requested that Shirley, apparently his assigned

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26 Of course, if the note was anonymous, plaintiff could not know who authored the note. 2

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investigative employee, interview the library workers who had worked on Saturday, August 2,

2008, and take their statements; interview and take a statement from the assigned female

correctional officer who escorted and maintained order among the inmates going to and from the

law library that day; copy the inmate law library log for that day; provide a statement from

plaintiff’s education instructor, Mr. Sand (not a party). Id., at 9. Shirley later told plaintiff that 

defendant Lieutenant Chambers told her that any request involving the law library or education

department had to be denied, saying only that she could take plaintiff’s statement. Id., at 10. 

However, at the August 27, 2008 hearing, defendant Chambers refused to

incorporate plaintiff’s statement as part of his defense; refused to permit plaintiff to question the

confidential source by “phone.com”/intercom; denied plaintiff’s request for an inmate witness,

Aaron Bjorkstrand, who had worked in the library and had relevant information. Complaint, pp.

10-11. Plaintiff was found guilty by defendant Chambers based on a hearsay anonymous note,

which was not an accusation by Reece. Id., at 11. When plaintiff told defendant Chambers he 2

had violated his due process rights, that defendant stated: “[w]e just want you out of the

administration.” Id. Defendant Long, on August 28, 2008, reviewed plaintiff’s rules violation

report and defendant Chambers’ disposition, as well as plaintiff’s specific concerns detailing how

he had been deprived of due process but failed to correct or instruct Chambers to rectify his

findings and disposition. Id., at 12-13. Defendant Grannis, on September 10, 2008, was

provided with information concerning plaintiff’s having been issued a rules violation report

(RVR) in retaliation for his use of the grievance procedure and of all the due process violations to

which he had been subjected by the RVR and at the disciplinary hearing resulting in a finding of

guilt based on insufficient evidence, but failed to correct either defendants Long or Chambers. 

Id. at 13-15. 

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4

As relief, plaintiff seeks only injunctive relief from the court: to have the findings

of the disciplinary hearing invalidated as violative of his Fourteenth Amendment due process

rights; to hold an in camera hearing to determine the sufficiency of the confidential information

evidence; and to be placed back into general population pending any investigation. Complaint, p.

5.

Jurisdiction

Before considering defendants’ motion to dismiss, the court finds that there is a

threshold jurisdictional issue that must be addressed sua sponte. Plaintiff appears to bring this §

1983 action claiming that he does not challenge the credit loss but nevertheless seeking to

invalidate the disciplinary findings on due process grounds in an effort to circumvent the state

court exhaustion requirements for a federal habeas petition pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2254, the

result of which would be to engage this heavily burdened court in what is a fruitless academic

exercise. See 28 U.S.C. § 2254(b)(1); Picard v. Connor, 404 U.S. 270, 276, 92 S. Ct. 509

(1971); Middleton v. Cupp, 768 F.2d 1083, 1086 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 478 U.S. 1021 (1986). 

The court finds that plaintiff’s claims seeking injunctive/declaratory relief are moot. There is no

“presumption of collateral consequences to prison disciplinary proceedings.” Wilson v. Terhune,

319 F.3d 477, 481 (9 Cir. 2003). Thus, a declaration of due process violations is meaningless. th

Moreover, there is no needed injunctive relief. Plaintiff does not challenge the loss of behavioral

time credits, nor does he seek money damages for any prison condition. Therefore, in essence,

there is nothing for this court to adjudicate. Although the court finds that this action should be

dismissed on grounds of mootness, the undersigned alternatively finds merit in defendants’

motion to dismiss.

Motion to Dismiss

 Defendants move for dismissal, pursuant to non-enumerated Fed. R. Civ. P.

12(b), contending that plaintiff has failed to exhaust his administrative remedies before

proceeding in this action pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983, and, as to defendants Long and Grannis

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for failure to state a claim under Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6).

Legal Standard under Non-Enumerated Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)

In a motion to dismiss for failure to exhaust administrative remedies under nonenumerated Rule 12(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, defendants “have the burden of

raising and proving exhaustion.” Wyatt v. Terhune, 315 F.3d 1108, 1119 (9th Cir. 2003). The

parties may go outside the pleadings, submitting affidavits or declarations under penalty of

perjury, but plaintiff must be provided with notice of his opportunity to develop a record. Wyatt

v. Terhune, 315 F.3d at 1120 n.14. Plaintiff was provided with the requisite fair notice by order

filed on August 20, 2009. 

Should defendants submit declarations and/or other documentation demonstrating

an absence of exhaustion, making a prima facie showing, plaintiff must refute that showing. 

Plaintiff may rely upon statements made under the penalty of perjury in the complaint if the

complaint shows that plaintiff has personal knowledge of the matters stated and plaintiff calls to

the court’s attention those parts of the complaint upon which plaintiff relies. If the court

determines that plaintiff has failed to exhaust, dismissal without prejudice is the appropriate

remedy for non-exhaustion of administrative remedies. Wyatt v. Terhune, 315 F.3d at 1120.

PLRA Requirements

The Prison Litigation Reform Act (PLRA), 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a) provides that, 

“[n]o action shall be brought with respect to prison conditions under [42 U.S.C. § 1983], or any

other Federal law, by a prisoner confined in any jail, prison, or other correctional facility until

such administrative remedies as are available are exhausted.” Inmates seeking injunctive relief

must exhaust administrative remedies. Rumbles v. Hill, 182 F.3d 1064 (9th Cir. 1999). In Booth

v. Churner, 532 U.S. 731,121 S. Ct. 1819 (2001), the Supreme Court held that inmates must

exhaust administrative remedies, regardless of the relief offered through administrative

procedures. 532 U.S. at 741, 121 S. Ct. at 1825. Therefore, inmates seeking money damages

must also completely exhaust their administrative remedies. Booth v. Churner, 532 U.S. 731,

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121 S. Ct. 1819 (inmates seeking money damages are required to exhaust administrative

remedies even where the grievance process does not permit awards of money damages). 42

U.S.C. § 1997e(a) provides that no action shall be brought with respect to prison conditions until

such administrative remedies as are available are exhausted. McKinney v. Carey, 311 F.3d 1198

(9th Cir. 2002). However, a prisoner need not exhaust further levels of review once he has either

received all the remedies that are “available” at an intermediate level of review, or has been

reliably informed by an administrator that no more remedies are available. Brown v. Valoff, 422

F.3d 926, 934-35 (9th Cir. 2005). 

The PLRA requires proper exhaustion of administrative remedies. Woodford v.

Ngo, 548 U.S. 81, 83-84, 126 S. Ct. 2378 (2006). The PLRA’s exhaustion requirement cannot

be satisfied “by filing an untimely or otherwise procedurally defective administrative grievance

or appeal.” Id.

Administrative Exhaustion Procedure

In order for California prisoners to exhaust administrative remedies, they must

proceed through several levels of appeal: 1) informal resolution, 2) formal written appeal on a

CDC 602 inmate appeal form, 3) second level appeal to the institution head or designee, and 4)

third level appeal to the Director of the California Department of Corrections. Barry v. Ratelle,

985 F. Supp. 1235, 1237 (S.D. Cal. 1997) (citing Cal. Code Regs. tit. 15, § 3084.5). A final

decision from the Director’s level of review satisfies the exhaustion requirement. Id. at 1237-38.

Defendants’ Contentions

Defendants argue that no inmate appeal submitted by plaintiff processed beyond 

the first formal level of review. MTD, p. 6. They assert that when his first level grievance

regarding due process violations at his disciplinary hearing was screened out at the first level,

instead of re-submitting his appeal, he attempted to circumvent the grievance process by

appealing to the third level, at which point the appeal was screened out without a decision having

been rendered. Id. 

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Defendants submit the declaration of Mike Cherry, Correctional Counselor II and

Appeals Coordinator for the CDCR at MCSP and not a party to this action. MTD, Court

Document 16-3, Declaration (Dec.) of Mike Cherry, pp. 1-5. Appeals Coordinator Cherry

declares that records show plaintiff filed only two inmate appeals while at MCSP (at least at the

point when he signed his declaration on November 5, 2009), the first of which, received on July

29, 2008, concerned his mail (Log No. MCSP-A-08-01938) which received a first formal level

review response on September 2, 2008, after which plaintiff did not file any further appeal as to

this grievance. Id., Cherry Dec., ¶ 5, and Exhibit (Ex.) A. According to Cherry, the second of

plaintiff’s only two appeals concerned “disciplinary issues” but was screened out by the inmate

appeals office and therefore was not assigned a log number. Id., Cherry Dec., ¶ 6, and Exhibit

(Ex.) A. Because his review of plaintiff’s appeal records shows no grievance appealed through

the third formal level of review, Cherry concludes that no grievance he filed has been exhausted. 

Id., Cherry Dec., ¶ 7. 

Although there is no copy of the second grievance that was maintained because it

was screened out, Cherry references the grievance which plaintiff attached to his complaint,

attached as Ex. B to Cherry’s Dec., acknowledging that the grievance appears to have been

received on September 3, 2008, and that it concerned the disciplinary hearing. Id., Cherry Dec. ¶

9, Ex. B; see also, Complaint, Ex. A, pp. 18-21. The court’s review confirms that in that 602

grievance plaintiff alleged the same due process violations identified within the instant

complaint. Cherry notes that the documentation included shows that the grievance was screened

out for plaintiff’s failure to have complied with CAL. CODE REGS. tit.xv § 3084.2(a)(2), regarding

the appropriate supporting documentation to be attached to the appeal. Id., Cherry Dec., ¶ 9, Ex.

B; Complaint, p. 20. Within the September 4, 2008, screen-out document, plaintiff is counseled

to remove the second appeal attached and to re-submit each separately. Id., Ex. B to Cherry

Dec.; Complaint, p. 20. 

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Declarant Cherry, citing the October 14, 2008, letter from the Inmate Appeals

Branch to plaintiff, asserts that it appears that plaintiff failed to re-submit the appeals separately,

but instead attempted to appeal directly to the third level of review. MTD, Cherry Dec., ¶ 10 &

Ex. B; Complaint, p. 18. Within that letter, plaintiff was informed that he must first comply with

CAL. CODE REGS. tit.xv, § 3084.3 and complete the grievance process through the second level of

review before proceeding to the third level. Id. 

In opposition, plaintiff submits a declaration, averring that all of his claims were

received and filed by the CDCR director on September 9, 2008, citing his rejected first level

grievance. Opposition (Opp., ¶ 2). Plaintiff asserts that the October 14, 2008, response from the

Chief of Inmate Appeals (defendant Grannis), which indicates that he has exhausted his claims

through the “director’s level,” which is all the PLRA requires him to do. Id., ¶ 3. Plaintiff

attaches as Ex. A an unauthenticated copy (as defendants note in their Reply, p. 2) of a copy of

his appeal history which he indicates that he obtained from defendant Chief of Inmate Appeals

Grannis. Opp., ¶ 4 & Ex. A. The document, however, does not indicate that the appeal, which

plaintiff indicates was identified as IAB Case No. 0805-866 (¶ 3 of Opp.) was exhausted through

the third level. Instead, it appears that, perhaps in an attempt to highlight it, but instead merely

obliterating the entry, that the log entry most likely indicated that the appeal had yet to be

completed through the second level, as do a number of unobliterated companion entries. See Ex.

A, to Opp., p. 8. This is confirmed by reference to the October 14, 2008, letter that plaintiff

submitted with his own complaint, as noted above. As to the claim of retaliation plaintiff has

raised herein, it does not appear that plaintiff filed any grievance related to that allegation. 

Plaintiff appears to believe that somehow simply by obtaining any response from

the third level he has exhausted his administrative remedies and that he can accomplish this by

circumventing the first and second levels of appeal. The third level response, however, makes

clear that the appeal at issue was not considered on the merits due to plaintiff’s failure to comply

with the applicable grievance procedures, and thus remained unexhausted administratively. As

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the court observed above, the PLRA requires proper exhaustion of administrative remedies. 

Woodford v. Ngo, 548 U.S. 81, 83-84, 126 S. Ct. 2378 (2006) [emphasis added]. This includes

not only an adherence to “an agency’s deadlines” but also “other critical procedural rules because

no adjudicative system can function effectively without imposing some orderly structure on the

course of its proceedings.” Id. at 90-91. Thus, compliance with prison grievance procedures is

required by the PLRA to properly exhaust. Id. 

Plaintiff failed to properly exhaust his administrative remedies before filing the 

complaint and therefore must be dismissed. McKinney v. Carey, supra, 311 F.3d 1198; see also,

Morton v. Hall, 599 F.3d 942, 946 (9 Cir. 2010) (district court required to dismiss complaint th

when administrative remedies not exhausted). Because the court finds that defendants’ motion to

dismiss should be granted as plaintiff did not first exhaust his administrative remedies before

initiating this action, the court need not reach any other ground raised by defendants for

dismissal. 

Accordingly, IT IS HEREBY RECOMMENDED that:

1. This action be dismissed on the court’s sua sponte finding that it is moot;

alternatively,

2. Defendants’ motion to dismiss, filed on November 9, 2009 (docket # 16), be

granted for plaintiff’s failure to exhaust administrative remedies, and this action be dismissed on

that ground.

These findings and recommendations are submitted to the United States District

Judge assigned to the case, pursuant to the provisions of 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(l). Within fourteen

days after being served with these findings and recommendations, any party may file written

objections with the court and serve a copy on all parties. Such a document should be captioned

“Objections to Magistrate Judge's Findings and Recommendations.” Any reply to the objections

shall be served and filed within fourteen days after service of the objections. The parties are 

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advised that failure to file objections within the specified time may waive the right to appeal the

District Court's order. Martinez v. Ylst, 951 F.2d 1153 (9th Cir. 1991).

DATED: 06/08/2010

/s/ Gregory G. Hollows

GREGORY G. HOLLOWS

UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE

GGH:009

will0822.mtd

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