Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-cand-3_14-cv-04983/USCOURTS-cand-3_14-cv-04983-3/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 365
Nature of Suit: Personal Injury - Product Liability
Cause of Action: 28:1332 Diversity-(Citizenship)

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United States District Court

Northern District of California

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

SIMON LAMPARD, et al.,

Plaintiffs,

v.

JOHNSON & JOHNSON, et al.,

Defendants.

Case No. 14-cv-04983-VC 

ORDER GRANTING MOTION TO 

SEVER AND TO TRANSFER VENUE

Re: Dkt. No. 32

The defendants' unopposed motion to sever improperly joined plaintiffs is granted, and the 

contested motion to transfer Spiegel's case is granted.

1. This case was originally brought by twelve plaintiffs. Two remain in the case: a 

California resident, Simon Lampard, and a New York resident, Olga Spiegel. Rule 20 allows 

multiple plaintiffs to participate in a single action where (1) the plaintiffs' claims "ari[se] out of the 

same transaction, occurrence, or series of transactions or occurrences"; and (2) a "question of law

or fact common to all plaintiffs will arise in the action." Fed R. Civ. P. 20(a)(1). Although the

plaintiffs allege that they suffered similar injuries as a result of taking the prescription antibiotic 

medicine Levaquin, Rule 20's "same transaction or occurrence" requirement is not satisfied merely 

because separate plaintiffs took the same drug and suffered similar injuries. See Boschert v. Pfizer, 

Inc., No. 4:08-CV-1714 CAS, 2009 WL 1383183, at *3 (E.D. Mo. May 14, 2009). 

2. Section 1404(a) provides: "For the convenience of parties and witnesses, in the interest 

of justice, a district court may transfer any civil action to any other district or division where it 

might have been brought." "Section 1404(a) is intended to place discretion in the district court to 

adjudicate motions for transfer according to an individualized, case-by-case consideration of 

convenience and fairness." Stewart Org., Inc. v. Ricoh Corp., 487 U.S. 22, 29 (1988). The statute 

requires a two-step analysis. Because the parties do not dispute that Spiegel's action could have 

been brought in the Southern District of New York, only the second step—whether the 

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United States District Court

Northern District of California

convenience of the parties and witnesses and interest of justice favor transfer—is at issue here. 

See Hatch v. Reliance Ins. Co., 758 F.2d 409, 414 (9th Cir. 1985).

Transfer under § 1404(a) requires "a lesser showing of inconvenience" than dismissal for 

forum non conveniens. Norwood v. Kirkpatrick, 349 U.S. 29, 32 (1955). The burden of 

demonstrating inconvenience falls on the party seeking transfer. Commodity Futures Trading 

Comm'n v. Savage, 611 F.2d 270, 279 (9th Cir. 1979). In determining whether transfer is 

appropriate in any particular case, the district court may consider a number of factors, including:

(1) the location where the relevant agreements were negotiated and executed, (2) 

the state that is most familiar with the governing law, (3) the plaintiff's choice of 

forum, (4) the respective parties' contacts with the forum, (5) the contacts relating 

to the plaintiff's cause of action in the chosen forum, (6) the differences in the 

costs of litigation in the two forums, (7) the availability of compulsory process to 

compel attendance of unwilling non-party witnesses, and (8) the ease of access to 

sources of proof.

Jones v. GNC Franchising, Inc., 211 F.3d 495, 498–99 (9th Cir. 2000) (footnotes omitted). 

The convenience of the witnesses, particularly non-party witnesses, is often the most 

important factor. See Florens Container v. Cho Yang Shipping, 245 F. Supp. 2d 1086, 1092 (N.D. 

Cal. 2002); see also Saleh v. Titan Corp., 361 F. Supp. 2d 1152, 1160 (S.D. Cal. 2005). The Court 

must also consider the relative importance of the witnesses. See Gates Learjet Corp. v. Jensen, 

743 F.2d 1325, 1335-36 (9th Cir. 1984) (explaining, in a forum non conveniens case, that "the 

court should have examined the materiality and importance of the anticipated witnesses' testimony 

and then determined their accessibility and convenience to the forum"). And although a plaintiff's 

choice of forum is generally accorded significant weight, this weight is substantially lessened 

where the plaintiff does not reside in the forum and the acts that gave rise to the case did not occur 

in that forum. See Pac. Car & Foundry Co. v. Pence, 403 F.2d 949, 954 (9th Cir. 1968). 

 Spiegel alleges that she developed peripheral neuropathy as a result of taking Levaquin, 

and that Levaquin's manufacturer, Defendant Janssen Pharmaceuticals, and a Levaquin distributor, 

Defendant McKesson Corporation, failed to warn her of that risk. Spiegel is a resident of New 

York. She does not allege that any events directly related to her injuries took place in California. 

Spiegel's doctors and all documents related to her medical, pharmacy, insurance, and employment 

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records are located in New York. However, McKesson's principal place of business is within the 

Northern District of California, and Spiegel argues that, under California law, McKesson's role as 

a participant in the chain of distribution for Levaquin renders McKesson strictly liable for the 

alleged failures to warn. Docket No. 35 at 9. 

To be sure, the Northern District of California is a convenient forum for McKesson. But 

the Northern District of California's convenience for McKesson is offset heavily by the 

inconvenience to important third-party witnesses (and the fact that important documentary 

evidence is located in Maryland). Assuming that McKesson may indeed be held strictly liable for 

its role in the distribution of Levaquin, the importance of live testimony at trial from any 

McKesson witnesses to establish this role pales in comparison to the importance of witnesses such 

as Spiegel's prescribing physician. And there is no means to compel the attendance of Spiegel's 

doctors at any trial in the Northern District of California. Particularly given Spiegel's lack of 

contacts with her chosen forum, the remaining factors don't come close to counterbalancing the 

above factors that militate in favor of transfer.1

Because the Court has granted the defendants' motion to sever Spiegel's and Lampard's 

claims and to transfer Spiegel's action to the Southern District of New York, Lampard must file, 

within 21 days of the date of this order, an amended complaint containing allegations specific to 

his claim only.

IT IS SO ORDERED.

 

1

In addition to arguing that a number the Jones factors weigh against transfer, Spiegel contends

that transfer is inappropriate because there are several related actions pending before the Court. 

The existence of a related action can be an important consideration "because of the positive effects 

it might have in possible consolidation of discovery and convenience to witnesses and parties," A. 

J. Indus., Inc. v. U.S. Dist. Court for Cent. Dist. of Cal, 503 F.2d 384, 389 (9th Cir. 1974). Here, 

however, while litigating all the related cases in the Northern District of California might be more 

convenient for the defendants, there do not appear to be any corresponding benefits in terms of

convenience for Spiegel or any non-party witnesses. And by moving for transfer, the defendants 

have demonstrated that they are willing to forgo any such benefit. Consequently, the Court is not 

persuaded that the pendency of related cases in this district outweighs the factors that strongly 

favor transfer. Of course, if Spiegel believes that coordinated or consolidated pretrial proceedings

are necessary to avoid duplicative discovery or otherwise conserve the parties' resources, she is

free to file a motion for centralization with the Joint Panel on Multidistrict Litigation.

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United States District Court

Northern District of California

Dated: April 13, 2015

______________________________________

 VINCE CHHABRIA

 United States District Judge

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