Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-cand-3_19-cv-00908/USCOURTS-cand-3_19-cv-00908-0/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 195
Nature of Suit: Contract Product Liability
Cause of Action: 28:1332 Diversity-Other Contract

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United States District Court

For the Northern District of California

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IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

JOHN NAVARRETE, individually and on

behalf of all others similarly situated,

Plaintiff,

 v.

HILL’S PET NUTRITION, INC.,

Defendant.

 /

No. C 19-00767 WHA

Related to:

No. C 19-00819 WHA

No. C 19-00908 WHA

ORDER RE MOTIONS TO 

(1) CONSOLIDATE AND TO

APPOINT INTERIM CLASS

COUNSEL; (2) EXPEDITE

DISCOVERY; AND (3) STAY 

INTRODUCTION

In this consumer-protection action, plaintiffs move to consolidate three related actions,

for appointment of interim class counsel, and for expedited discovery. Defendant, in turn,

moves to stay the actions pending a potential transfer to a multidistrict litigation proceeding. 

For the reasons explained below, all motions are DENIED.

STATEMENT

Defendant Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Inc. manufactured pet nutrition products, including dog

and cat food. In January 2019, defendant issued a voluntary recall for select canned dog food

products because the products contained excessive amounts of vitamin D. Defendant updated

the list of recalled food in February 2019 and again in March 2019. Following the recall,

several putative class actions were filed against defendant throughout the United States. Three

of those actions are currently pending before the undersigned judge: (1) Navarrete v. Hill’s Pet

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For the Northern District of California

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Nutrition, Inc., Case No. C 19-00767 WHA; (2) Sun-Dampier v. Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Inc., Case

No. C 19-00819 WHA; and (3) Bauer v. Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Inc., Case No. C 19-00908 WHA.

 On February 20, 2019, plaintiffs in Navarrete and Bauer — all represented by the same

counsel at Schubert Jonckheer & Kolbe LLP — filed with the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict

Litigation a motion to transfer the pending actions to the Northern District of California. 

Briefing on the motion is now complete and a hearing on the motion is set for May 30. In this

district, the parties now move for various forms of relief. This order follows full briefing and

oral argument. 

ANALYSIS

1. MOTION TO CONSOLIDATE AND FOR APPOINTMENT OF INTERIM COUNSEL.

Under FRCP 42(a), a district court may consolidate actions where the actions involve a

“common question of law or fact.” A “district court has broad discretion under this rule to

consolidate cases pending in the same district.” Investors Research Co. v. U.S. Dist. Court for

Cent. Dist. of Cal., 877 F.2d 777, 777 (9th Cir. 1989). In determining whether to consolidate

cases, the court should “weigh the interest of judicial convenience against the potential for

delay, confusion, and prejudice.” Zhu v. UCBH Holdings, Inc., 682 F. Supp. 2d 1049, 1052

(N.D. Cal. 2010) (Judge Jeffrey White). 

Here, the plaintiffs in the three related actions are dog owners who purchased the

recalled products. Each plaintiff alleges that, as a result of feeding defendant’s products to their

pets, their dog became seriously ill or died. While all agree that the related actions involve

overlapping legal claims and putative classes, defendant highlights that all parties who filed

responsive briefs with the JPML supported MDL consolidation, making it likely that the JPML

will transfer and consolidate the cases. Given the likelihood of consolidation by the JPML,

consolidation of our three actions is currently unnecessary. This order will let sleeping dogs lie. 

The motion to consolidate is DENIED. 

Seeking a leg up in the seemingly inevitable MDL action, the Navarrete and Bauer

plaintiffs also move to appoint their attorney, Robert C. Schubert of Schubert Jonckheer &

Kolbe LLP, as interim class counsel. While FRCP 23(g)(3) permits designation of interim

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counsel to “act on behalf of a putative class,” appointing interim counsel at this stage of the

litigation is unnecessary. The putative class would instead be better served by waiting for the

JPML’s determination regarding consolidation prior to the appointment of interim counsel. 

Should the cases be consolidated, interim counsel should possibly be appointed once all parties

and their counsel have been given a fair opportunity to be heard. The motion for appointment

of interim counsel is DENIED.

It is worth noting that in responding to the motion to appoint interim class counsel,

defendant explains that while presiding over a hearing on a motion filed by one set of plaintiffs,

Magistrate Judge Patricia Sullivan of the United States District Court for the District of Rhode

Island invited the parties to consider mediation. Because there is “a strong consensus building

in favor of an early mediation,” defendant and the Bauer and Navarrete plaintiffs propose

appointing interim class counsel for the limited purposes of participating in a broader

mediation. This is barking up the wrong tree. In the undersigned’s view, any settlement

discussions now would be premature. It is in the best interest of absent class members to first

work through the protections of FRCP 23 to define what claims, if any, are suitable for class

treatment and to negotiate a settlement once they have a certification order in hand. In that

way, class counsel negotiates from the strength of a certification order. Moreover, a settlement

should usually be negotiated only after adequate investigation and discovery by class counsel. 

While pre-certification settlement discussions are sometimes warranted — such as when the

defendant has dwindling resources such that a prompt settlement is necessary to recover

anything at all — such a showing has not been made here. The request to appoint interim

counsel to engage in class-wide settlement discussions is accordingly DENIED. 

2. MOTION FOR EXPEDITED DISCOVERY.

Next, plaintiffs in the Navarrete action move for expedited discovery concerning pet

food products not currently covered by defendant’s recall, arguing that such discovery is needed

to determine the extent to which other products may contain dangerously high levels of vitamin

D. Ordinarily, parties must hold an FRCP 26(f) conference prior to beginning discovery, which

conference must be held at least 21 days before the initial case management conference. Courts

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can authorize earlier discovery where the requesting party demonstrates “good cause,” which

may be found where the need for expedited discovery outweighs the prejudice to the responding

party. Semitool, Inc. v. Tokyo Electron Am., Inc., 208 F.R.D. 273, 276 (N.D. Cal. 2002) (Judge

Edward Chen). The initial case management conference in these related actions is set for May

23. Discovery is therefore set to begin on May 2.

Defendant argues that the requested discovery is unnecessary because the FDA has been

investigating and testing defendant’s non-recalled pet food products. Accordingly, defendant

argues, the relief plaintiffs intend to seek in their anticipated motion for a preliminary injunction

— an order prohibiting the further sale of certain non-recalled pet foods — would interfere with

the FDA’s primary jurisdiction. But that dog won’t hunt. At least at this stage, it is premature

to deny provisional relief as to a motion yet to be filed. Nevertheless, plaintiffs seek responses

to interrogatories and document requests which are excessively broad. Because plaintiffs’

requests are not narrowly tailored, the motion for expedited discovery is DENIED. 

3. MOTION TO STAY.

The power to grant a temporary stay “is incidental to the power inherent in every court

to control the disposition of the causes on its docket with economy of time and effort for itself,

for counsel, and for litigants.” Landis v. N. Am. Co., 299 U.S. 248, 254 (1936). “[A] district

judge should not automatically stay discovery, postpone rulings on pending motions, or

generally suspend further rulings upon a parties’ motion to the MDL Panel for transfer and

consolidation.” Rivers v. Walt Disney Co., 980 F. Supp. 1358, 1360 (C.D. Cal. 1997) (Judge

Andrew Hauk). “When considering a motion to stay, the district court should consider three

factors: (1) potential prejudice to the non-moving party; (2) hardship and inequity to the

moving party if the action is not stayed; and (3) the judicial resources that would be saved by

avoiding duplicative litigation if the cases are in fact consolidated.” Ibid.

On balance, discovery taken here will be useful even in the event that the MDL

consolidation does occur. Defendant would eventually have to turn over the same documents

and plaintiffs would have to depose the same witnesses whether or not these actions are

consolidated and transferred. Defendant’s motion for a stay is accordingly DENIED.

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CONCLUSION

For the foregoing reasons, the parties’ respective motions are DENIED. The case

management conference is CONTINUED to JUNE 6 AT 11:00 A.M. but the parties must still hold

their Rule 26(f) conference by MAY 2.

IT IS SO ORDERED.

Dated: May 1, 2019. WILLIAM ALSUP

UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE

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