Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-cand-3_13-cv-05038/USCOURTS-cand-3_13-cv-05038-28/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 830
Nature of Suit: Patent
Cause of Action: 35:145 Patent Infringement

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Case No. 13-cv-05038 NC 

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United States District Court

Northern District of California

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

ENPLAS DISPLAY DEVICE 

CORPORATION (“EDD”),

Plaintiff,

v.

SEOUL SEMICONDUCTOR 

COMPANY, LTD. (“SSC”),

Defendant.

Case No. 13-cv-05038 NC 

PRELIMINARY JURY 

INSTRUCTIONS

I. Introduction

Ladies and gentlemen: You are now the jury in this case. It is my duty to instruct 

you on the law. 

These instructions are preliminary instructions to help you understand the principles 

that apply to civil trials and to help you understand the evidence as you listen to it. You 

will be allowed to keep this set throughout the trial to which to refer. This set of 

instructions is not to be taken home and must remain in the jury room when you leave in 

the evenings. At the end of the trial, I will give you a final set of instructions. It is the 

final set of instructions that will govern your deliberations.

You must not infer from these instructions or from anything I may say or do as 

indicating that I have an opinion regarding the evidence or what your verdict should be.

It is your duty to find the facts from all the evidence in the case. To those facts you 

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will apply the law as I give it to you. You must follow the law as I give it to you whether 

you agree with it or not. And you must not be influenced by any personal likes or dislikes, 

opinions, prejudices, or sympathy. That means that you must decide the case solely on the 

evidence before you. You will recall that you took an oath to do so.

In following my instructions, you must follow all of them and not single out some 

and ignore others; they are all important.

II. Summary of the Claims in this Case

To help you follow the evidence, I will give you a brief summary of the positions of 

the parties:

The Plaintiff in this case is Enplas Display Device Corporation, who may be 

referred to as “EDD.” EDD is a Japanese company that makes a number of devices, 

including plastic lenses that are used with light emitting diodes, or LEDs, for backlighting 

LCD televisions and signs. EDD sells its lenses to other companies, for use in what you 

will hear referred to as light bars. Light bars are used for backlighting LCD televisions 

and signs.

The Defendant in this case is Seoul Semiconductor Corporation Limited, who may 

be referred to as “SSC.” SSC is a Korean company that manufactures and sells both 

individual LEDs and packaged LEDs, some of which are used in light bars for LCD 

television backlighting units. SSC is the current owner of two United States Patents, U.S. 

Patent Number 6,473,554 and U.S. Patent Number 6,007,209. These patents may be 

referred to as “the ’554 patent” and “the ’209 patent.”

In 2013, SSC sent a letter to EDD stating its belief that EDD was inducing 

infringement of the ’554 and ’209 patents. In response, EDD filed a lawsuit to seek a 

judgment that these SSC patents are invalid and not infringed. SSC thereafter filed its 

counterclaims seeking a judgment that these SSC patents are infringed and damages for 

this infringement. 

I will tell you more about the details of the law you must apply, both before and 

after the parties present their evidence in support of their claims and defenses.

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I, the parties, and their attorneys sincerely thank you for your time and attention 

during these proceedings.

III. Burden of Proof

There are two standards of proof that you will apply to the evidence, depending on 

the issue you are deciding. On some issues, you must decide whether something is more 

likely true than not. On other issues, you must use a higher standard and decide whether it 

is highly probably that something is true. 

You should base your decision on all of the evidence, regardless of which party 

presented it.

IV. Evidence

A. Evidence You May Consider

The evidence you are to consider in deciding what the facts are consists of: 

(1) the sworn testimony of any witness; 

(2) the exhibits which are received into evidence; and

(3) any facts to which the lawyers have agreed.

B. Things You May Not Consider

In reaching your verdict, you may consider only the testimony and exhibits received 

into evidence. Certain things are not evidence, and you may not consider them in deciding 

what the facts are. I will list them for you:

(1) Arguments and statements by lawyers are not evidence. The lawyers are not 

witnesses. What they say in their opening statements, closing arguments, and at other 

times is intended to help you interpret the evidence, but it is not evidence. If the facts as 

you remember them differ from the way the lawyers have stated them, your memory of 

them controls.

(2) Questions and objections by lawyers are not evidence. Attorneys have a duty to 

their clients to object when they believe a question is improper under the rules of evidence. 

You should not be influenced by the objection or by the court’s ruling on it. 

(3) Testimony that has been excluded or stricken, or that you have been instructed 

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to disregard, is not evidence and must not be considered. In addition sometimes testimony 

and exhibits are received only for a limited purpose; when I give a limiting instruction, you 

must follow it.

(4) Anything you may have seen or heard when the court was not in session is not 

evidence. You are to decide the case solely on the evidence received at the trial.

C. Charts and Summaries Not Received in Evidence

Certain charts and summaries not received in evidence may be shown to you in 

order to help explain that contents of books, records, documents, or other evidence in the 

case. You may hear these charts and summaries referred to as “demonstratives” or 

“demonstrative evidence.” They are not themselves evidence or proof of any facts. If they 

do not correctly reflect the facts or figures shown by the evidence in the case, you should 

disregard these charts and summaries and determine the facts from the underlying 

evidence.

D. Charts and Summaries in Evidence

Certain charts and summaries may be received into evidence to illustrate 

information brought out in the trial. Charts and summaries are only as good as the 

underlying evidence that supports them. You should, therefore, give them only such 

weight as you think the underlying evidence deserves.

E. Types of Evidence

Evidence may be direct or circumstantial. Direct evidence is direct proof of a fact, 

such as testimony by a witness about what that witness personally saw or heard or did. For 

example, direct evidence that it was raining would be a photo showing that it was raining 

on a given day. Circumstantial evidence is proof of one or more facts from which you 

could find another fact. For example, circumstantial evidence that it was raining would be 

testimony of a witness who said they believed it was raining, not because they saw the 

rain, but because they saw a person entering the building with a wet umbrella. You should 

consider both kinds of evidence. The law makes no distinction between the weight to be 

given to either direct or circumstantial evidence. It is for you to decide how much weight 

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to give, if any, to any evidence.

F. Use of Interrogatories of a Party

Evidence may be presented to you in the form of answers of one of the parties to 

written interrogatories submitted by the other side. These answers were given in writing 

and under oath, before the actual trial, in response to questions that were submitted in 

writing under established court procedures. You should consider the answers, insofar as 

possible, in the same way as if they were made from the witness stand.

G. Use of Request for Admission of a Party

Before trial, each party has the right to ask another party to admit in writing that 

certain facts are true. If the other party admits those facts, you must accept them as true 

and conclusively proved in this case.

H. Evidence for a Limited Purpose

Some evidence may be admitted for a limited purpose only.

When I instruct you that an item of evidence has been admitted for a limited 

purpose, you must consider it only for that limited purpose and for no other.

I. The Court’s Ruling on Objections

There are rules of evidence that control what can be received into evidence. When 

a lawyer asks a question or offers an exhibit into evidence and a lawyer on the other side 

thinks that it is not permitted by the rules of evidence, that lawyer may object. If I overrule 

the objection, the question may be answered or the exhibit received. If I sustain the 

objection, the question cannot be answered, and the exhibit cannot be received. Whenever 

I sustain an objection to a question, you must ignore the question and must not guess what 

the answer might have been or what the document might have said. My rulings are not 

intended to influence your decision. Your decisions must be based entirely on the 

testimony and documents received into evidence.

Sometimes I may order that evidence be stricken from the record and that you 

disregard or ignore the evidence. That means that when you are deciding the case, you 

must not consider the evidence that I told you to disregard. 

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V. Witnesses

A. Evaluation of Witness Testimony

In deciding the facts in this case, you may have to decide which testimony to 

believe and which testimony not to believe. You may believe everything a witness says, or 

part of it, or none of it. 

In considering the testimony of any witness, you may take into account:

(1) the opportunity and ability of the witness to see or hear or know the things 

testified to;

(2) the witness’s memory;

(3) the witness’s manner while testifying;

(4) the witness’s interest in the outcome of the case and any bias or prejudice;

(5) whether other evidence contradicted the witness’s testimony;

(6) the reasonableness of the witness’s testimony in light of all the evidence; and

(7) any other factors that bear on believability.

The weight of the evidence as to a fact does not necessarily depend on the number 

of witnesses who testify about it.

B. Impeachment Evidence

The evidence that a witness lied under oath or gave different or inconsistent 

testimony on a prior occasion may be considered, along with all other evidence, in 

deciding whether or not to believe the witness and how much, if any, weight to give to that 

witness’s testimony.

C. English Translation

Languages other than English will be used during this trial. Each witness has the 

right to testify in their native language. In this case, some witnesses will testify in 

Japanese and some will testify in Korean, through the use of an official court interpreter. 

When a witness testifies in a language other than English, the evidence to be 

considered by you is only that provided through the official court interpreters. Although 

some of you may know Japanese, Korean, or other languages used in this case, it is 

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important that all jurors consider the same evidence. Therefore, you must accept the 

English interpretation provided by the official court interpreter. You must disregard any 

different meaning.

You must not make any assumptions about a witness or a party based upon their use 

of an interpreter to assist that witness or party. Again, each witness is entitled to testify in 

their native language even if they have some understanding of English. 

D. Expert Witnesses

Some witnesses, because of education or experience, are permitted to state opinions 

and the reasons for those opinions.

Opinion testimony should be judged just like any other testimony. You may accept 

it or reject it, and give it as much weight as you think it deserves, considering the witness’s 

education and experience, the reasons given for the opinion, and all the other evidence in 

the case. 

E. Deposition Testimony

A deposition is the sworn testimony of a witness taken before trial. The witness is 

placed under oath to tell the truth and lawyers for each party may ask questions. The 

questions and answers are recorded by written transcript and sometimes video recording. 

When a person is unavailable to testify at trial, the deposition of that person may be used at 

the trial.

You should consider deposition testimony, presented to you in court in lieu of live 

testimony, in the same way as if the witness had been present to testify.

If testimony is read, rather than played back from a recording, do not place any 

significance on the behavior or tone of voice of any person reading the questions or 

answers.

You will be hearing or viewing only a portion, or series of portions, of the 

depositions taken by the parties in this case. Do not make any inferences about the fact 

that you are not hearing or seeing the deposition in its entirety or that what you are hearing 

or viewing has been edited.

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F. Impeachment Evidence

The evidence that a witness lied under oath on a prior occasion may be considered, 

along with all other evidence, in deciding whether or not to believe the witness and how 

much weight to give to the testimony of the witness and for no other purpose.

VI. Conduct of the Jury

A. Prohibitions on Your Activities

I will now say a few words about your conduct as jurors.

First, keep an open mind throughout the trial, and do not decide what the verdict 

should be until you and your fellow jurors have completed your deliberations at the end of 

the case. 

Second, because you must decide this case based only on the evidence received in 

the case and on my instructions as to the law that applies, you must not be exposed to any 

other information about the case or to the issues it involves during the course of your jury 

duty. Thus, until the end of the case or unless I tell you otherwise:

Do not communicate with anyone in any way and do not let anyone else 

communicate with you in any way about the merits of the case or anything to do with it. 

This includes discussing the case in person, in writing, by phone or electronic means, via 

e-mail, text messaging, or any Internet chat room, blog, website or other feature. This 

applies to communicating with your fellow jurors until I give you the case for deliberation, 

and it applies to communicating with everyone else including your family members, your 

employer, the media or press, and the people involved in the trial, although you may notify 

your family and your employer that you have been seated as a juror in the case. But, if you 

are asked or approached in any way about your jury service or anything about this case, 

you must respond that you have been ordered not to discuss the matter and to report the 

contact to the court. 

Because you will receive all the evidence and legal instruction you properly may 

consider to return a verdict: do not read, watch, or listen to any news or media accounts or 

commentary about the case or anything to do with it; do not do any research, such as 

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consulting dictionaries, searching the Internet or using other reference materials; and do 

not make any investigation or in any other way try to learn about the case on your own. 

The law requires these restrictions to ensure the parties have a fair trial based on the 

same evidence that each party has had an opportunity to address. A juror who violates 

these restrictions jeopardizes the fairness of these proceedings, and a mistrial could result 

that would require the entire trial process to start over. If any juror is exposed to any 

outside information, please notify the court immediately. 

B. Taking Notes

During deliberations, you will have to make your decision based on what you recall 

of the evidence. You will not have a transcript of the trial. I urge you to pay close 

attention to the testimony as it is given.

If at any time you cannot hear or see the testimony, evidence, questions or 

arguments, let me know so that I can correct the problem.

If you wish, you may take notes to help you remember the evidence. If you do take 

notes, please keep them to yourself until you and your fellow jurors go to the jury room to 

decide the case. Do not let note-taking distract you. When you leave, your notes should 

be left in the jury room. No one will read your notes. They will be destroyed at the 

conclusion of the case.

Whether or not you take notes, you should rely on your own memory of the 

evidence. Notes are only to assist your memory. You should not be overly influenced by 

your notes or those of your fellow jurors.

C. Questions to Witnesses

You will be allowed to propose written questions to witnesses after the lawyers 

have completed their questioning of each witness. You may propose questions in order to 

clarify the testimony, but you are not to express any opinion about the testimony or argue 

with a witness. If you propose any questions, remember that your role is that of a neutral 

fact finder, not an advocate.

Before I excuse each witness, I will offer you the opportunity to write out a question 

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on a form provided by the court. Do not sign the question. I will review the question with 

the attorneys to determine if it is legally proper.

There are some proposed questions that I will not permit, or will not ask in the 

wording submitted by the juror. This might happen either due to the rules of evidence or 

other legal reasons, or because the question is expected to be answered later in the case. If 

I do not ask a proposed question, or if I rephrase it, do not speculate as to the reasons. Do 

not give undue weight to questions you or other jurors propose. You should evaluate the 

answers to those questions in the same manner you evaluate all of the other evidence.

By giving you the opportunity to propose questions, I am not requesting or 

suggesting that you do so. It will often be the case that a lawyer has not asked a question 

because it is legally objectionable or because a later witness may be addressing that 

subject.

D. Bench Conferences and Recesses

From time to time during the trial, it may become necessary for me to talk with the 

attorneys out of the hearing of the jury, either by having a conference at the bench when 

the jury is present in the courtroom, or by calling a recess. Please understand that while 

you are waiting, we are working. The purpose of these conferences is not to keep relevant 

information from you, but to decide how certain evidence is to be treated under the rules of 

evidence and to avoid confusion and error.

Of course, we will do what we can to keep the number and length of these 

conferences to a minimum. I may not always grant an attorney’s request for a conference. 

Do not consider my granting or denying a request for a conference as any indication of my 

opinion of the case or of what your verdict should be.

VII. Patent Background

You will now be shown a video on what a patent is and how one is obtained. You 

will also receive an exhibit of a model patent to assist you in the presentation.

//

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VIII. Summary of Contentions

To help you follow the evidence, I will now give you a summary of the positions of 

the parties.

The parties in this case are Enplas Display Device Corporation, which may be 

referred to as EDD, and Seoul Semiconductor Company Limited, which may be referred to 

as SSC. The patents involved in this case are United States Patent Number 6,473,554, 

which lists David Pelka and John Popovich as the inventors, and United States Patent 

Number 6,007,209, which lists David Pelka as the inventor. For convenience, the parties 

and I will often refer to these patents as the ’554 and ’209 patents, the ’554 and ’209 

patents being the last three numbers of their patent number. These two patents may be 

referred to collectively as “the patents-in-suit.” 

EDD filed suit in this court seeking a declaration from the Court that it did not 

infringe the ’554 and/or ’209 patents and additionally that certain claims are invalid. 

Invalidity is a defense to infringement. SSC in return alleged that EDD induced 

infringement of claims 1, 6, and 33-35 of the ’554 patent, and claim 20 of the ’209 patent,

and maintains that the claims are valid. SSC has sought money damages from EDD for 

actively inducing infringement of these claims of the ’554 and ’209 patent by others. The 

products that are alleged to infringe the ’554 patent are Enplas Light Enhancer Cap lenses 

with model numbers #9854D, #9854E, and #9879. The products that are alleged to 

infringe the ’209 patent are Enplas Light Enhancer Cap lenses with model numbers 

#9853A, #9854D, #9854E, #9879, and #4922.

Your job will be to decide whether claims 1, 6, 33-35 of the ’554 patent and claim 

20 of the ’209 patent have been infringed and whether those claims are invalid. If you 

decide that any valid claim of the ’554 or ’209 patents has been infringed, you will then 

need to decide any money damages to be awarded to SSC to compensate it for the 

infringement. You will also need to make a finding as to whether the infringement was 

willful. If you decide that any infringement was willful, that decision should not affect any 

damage award you give. I will take willfulness into account later.

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You will also be asked to decide whether claims 30-31, 36-39, 41-43, and 45-48 of 

the ’554 patent are invalid.

Although the parties may refer to other claims or lenses, you will only be asked to 

decide on infringement and/or invalidity of the claims and lenses listed above. 

You may hear evidence that EDD’s parent Enplas Corporation has its own patent(s) 

or that EDD improved on the ’554 and/or ’209 patents. A party can still infringe even if it 

has its own patents in the same area. You will be instructed after trial as to what, if any, 

relevance these facts have to the particular issues in this case. Meanwhile, you should

keep an open mind. 

Before you decide whether EDD has infringed the claims of the patents or whether 

the claims are invalid, you will need to understand the patent claims. As the video 

described, the patent claims are numbered sentences at the end of the patent that describe 

the boundaries of the patent’s protection. It is my job as judge to explain to you the 

meaning of any language in the claims that needs interpretation.

I have already determined the meaning of certain terms of the claims of the ’554 

and ’209 patents. You have been given a document reflecting those meanings. You are to 

apply my definitions of these terms throughout this case. However, my interpretation of 

the language of the claims should not be taken as an indication that I have a view regarding 

issues such as infringement and invalidity. Those issues are yours to decide. I will 

provide you with more detailed instructions on the meaning of the claims before you retire 

to deliberate your verdict.

IX. Trial 

The trial will now begin. First, each side may make an opening statement. An 

opening statement is not evidence. It is simply an outline to help you understand what that 

party expects the evidence will show. 

The presentation of evidence will then begin. Witnesses will take the witness stand 

and the documents will be offered and admitted into evidence. There are two standards of 

proof that you will apply to the evidence, depending on the issue you are deciding. On

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some issues, you must decide whether something is more likely true than not. On other 

issues you must use a higher standard and decide whether it is highly probable that 

something is true. 

SSC will present its evidence on its contention that EDD actively induced

infringement on some of the claims of the ’554 and ’209 patents, and that EDD’s 

inducement has been and continues to be willful. These witnesses will be questioned by 

SSC’s counsel in what is called direct examination. After the direct examination of a 

witness is completed, the opposing side has an opportunity to cross-examine the witness. 

To prove infringement of any claim, SSC must persuade you that it is more likely than not 

that EDD has actively induced infringement of that claim. To persuade you that any 

infringement was willful, SSC must prove that it is highly probable that the infringement 

was willful. SSC will also present evidence of the damages it seeks as compensation for 

the alleged infringement. This does not mean that the Court has already determined that 

SSC is entitled to damages. That is for you to decide if you find any of the asserted claims 

infringed and not invalid. 

After SSC has presented its witnesses, EDD will call its witnesses, who will also be 

examined and cross-examined. EDD will present its evidence to respond to SSC’s 

contentions concerning infringement, willfulness, and damages. EDD will also present 

evidence in support of its contentions that the claims of the ’554 and ’209 patents are 

invalid. To prove invalidity of any claim, EDD must persuade you that it is highly 

probable that the claim is invalid. 

SSC will then return and will put on evidence responding to EDD’s contention that 

the claims of the ’554 and ’209 patents are invalid. SSC will also have the option to put on 

what is referred to as “rebuttal” evidence to any evidence offered by EDD of noninfringement or lack of willfulness.

Finally, EDD will have the option to put on “rebuttal” evidence to any evidence 

offered by SSC on the validity of the asserted claims of the ’554 and ’209 patents.

Because the evidence is introduced piecemeal, you need to keep an open mind as 

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the evidence comes in and wait for all the evidence before you make any decisions. In 

other words, you should keep an open mind throughout the entire trial.

After the evidence has been presented, the attorneys will make closing arguments

and I will give you final instructions on the law that applies to the case. Closing arguments 

are not evidence. After closing arguments and instructions, you will then decide the case.

IT IS SO ORDERED.

Dated: March 14, 2016 _____________________________________

NATHANAEL M. COUSINS

United States Magistrate Judge

Claim Construction

You should apply the following constructions to the claims of the ’554 patent:

 The term “total internal reflection” means “the total reflection that occurs 

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United States District Court

Northern District of California

when light strikes an interface at an angles of incidence (with respect to the 

normal) greater than the critical angle”

 The term “the critical angle of total internal reflection” means “the angle of 

incidence (with respect to the normal) above which total internal reflection 

occurs”

 The term “cusp” means “an area where two curves meet”

 The term “totally internally reflecting” means “reflecting by total internal

reflection”

 The term “illumination coupler embedded in an interior region of said 

waveguide” does not require a construction

 The term “TIR surface” means “a surface angled with respect to a light 

source to produce total internal reflection within a device”

 The term “waveguide” means “an optical device that redirects light 

propagating between its surfaces”

For claim language where I have not provided you with any meaning, the claim 

language’s plain and ordinary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art at the time of 

the invention applies.

For all claim language of the’209 patent you should apply the claim language’s 

plain and ordinary meaning to a person of ordinary skill in the art at the time of the 

invention.

Case 3:13-cv-05038-NC Document 387 Filed 03/04/16 Page 15 of 15