Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-azd-2_10-cv-00212/USCOURTS-azd-2_10-cv-00212-0/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 290
Nature of Suit: Other Real Property Actions
Cause of Action: 28:1331(a) Fed. Question: Real Property

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NOT FOR PUBLICATION

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE DISTRICT OF ARIZONA

AGGREGATED PROPERTIES, LLC, 

Plaintiff, 

vs.

TIMOTEO ARAIZA, 

Defendant. 

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No. CV-10-0212-PHX-GMS

ORDER

The present action was improperly removed and the Court lacks subject-matter

jurisdiction over it; accordingly, the Court remands this case to South Mountain Justice

Court.

Federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction, having subject-matter jurisdiction

only over those matters specifically authorized by Congress or the Constitution. Kokkonen

v. Guardian Life Ins. Co., 511 U.S. 375, 377 (1994). As the proponent of the Court's

jurisdiction, the removing defendant bears the burden of establishing it. Abrego Abrego v.

The Dow Chemical Co., 443 F.3d 676, 685 (9th Cir.2006).

Although the Notice of Removal states that a claim in the present action arises under

federal law, a review of the complaint reveals that it is a straightforward forcible detainer,

otherwise known as an eviction action. And while it appears that Defendant Timoteo Araiza

(“Defendant”) may assert a federal defense based on due process, the assertion of a federal

defense to a state-law claim does not convert the state-law claim into one “arising under”

federal law for purposes of federal question jurisdiction. See Moore-Thomas v. Alaska

Case 2:10-cv-00212-GMS Document 7 Filed 02/04/10 Page 1 of 2
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Airlines, Inc., 553 F.3d 1241, 1244 (9th Cir.2009) (discussing the “well-pleaded complaint

rule”). Therefore, the Court has no federal question jurisdiction. See 28 U.S.C. § 1331

(conferring on federal courts subject-matter jurisdiction over cases arising under federal law).

To the extent that the Notice of Removal purports to invoke the Court’s diversity

jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1332, the requirements for diversity jurisdiction are not met

either. In order to invoke the Court’s diversity jurisdiction, a defendant must show both that

he and plaintiff are not residents of the same state and that the amount in controversy exceeds

$75,000. See 28 U.S.C. § 1332 (setting forth requirements for diversity jurisdiction). Here,

both Defendant and Plaintiff are Arizona residents. In the Notice of Removal, Defendant

alleges that Plaintiff is an Arizona resident. Defendant, who reports his address as the

property at issue in this action (located in Phoenix, Arizona), is also clearly an Arizona

resident. Hence, there is no diversity.

In the absence of subject-matter jurisdiction, this Court is empowered to sua sponte

order summary remand. See 28 U.S.C. § 1446(c)(4) (requiring district courts to examine

notices of removal and their exhibits and authorizing summary remand in appropriate

circumstances); 28 U.S.C. § 1447(c) (requiring district courts to remand cases if it appears,

at any time before final judgment is entered, that the court lacks subject-matter jurisdiction).

IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED directing the Clerk of the Court to REMAND this

action back to South Mountain Justice Court.

IT IS FURTHER ORDERED taking no action on the Emergency Motion to Remand

filed by Plaintiff Aggregated Properties. (Dkt. # 6.)

DATED this 4th day of February, 2010.

Case 2:10-cv-00212-GMS Document 7 Filed 02/04/10 Page 2 of 2