Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-caed-2_16-cv-01595/USCOURTS-caed-2_16-cv-01595-0/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 893
Nature of Suit: Environmental Matters
Cause of Action: 33:1319 Clean Water Act

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

CALIFORNIA SPORTFISHING 

PROTECTION ALLIANCE,

Plaintiff,

v.

FOREVER RESORTS, LLC; LAKE 

OROVILLE MARINA, LLC; BILL 

HARPER; and REX MAUGHAN,

Defendants.

No. 2:16-cv-01595-MCE-EFB

MEMORANDUM AND ORDER

Before the Court is a Motion for Settlement Approval, ECF No. 10, under 

California’s Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986, Cal. Health & 

Safety Code §§ 25249.5–.13, otherwise known as Proposition 65. Because the Court 

finds that the attorney’s fees awarded in the settlement are unreasonably high, the 

Motion is DENIED. 1

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 1 Because oral argument would not have been of material assistance, the Court ordered this 

matter submitted on the briefing. E.D. Cal. L. R. 230(g).

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BACKGROUND2

Defendants operate a marina on Lake Oroville in California. Plaintiff alleges that 

Defendants violated a provision of Proposition 65 by knowingly discharging lead and 

lead compounds into Lake Oroville. On May 27, 2016, Plaintiff issued a Proposition 65 

“60-Day Notice of Violation” detailing the alleged violations to the Office of the California 

Attorney General, the District Attorney of Butte County, the City Attorney of Oroville, and 

Defendants. After the 60-day period required by Proposition 65, Plaintiff filed suit in this 

Court. The parties then pursued settlement options, reaching agreement on all terms on 

December 2, 2016.

The settlement agreement consists of four parts: (1) improvements Defendants 

are to make at their facility; (2) a civil penalty of $20,000, plus a stipulated civil penalty of 

$2,500 for each discharge of storm water measured to contain lead in a concentration 

greater than 0.5 micrograms/liter; (3) an additional payment of $15,000 to Plaintiff, to be 

used to prevent, reduce, or eliminate discharges of Proposition 65-listed substances to 

sources of drinking water; and (4) investigative, expert, and attorney’s fees and costs in 

the amount of $67,500.

DISCUSSION

California Health and Safety Code § 25249.7(f)(4) requires parties to submit 

Proposition 65 settlements between private parties to the court for approval. The statute 

sets out three express requirements for approval of such settlements:

[T]he court may approve the settlement only if the court 

makes all of the following findings:

(A) The warning that is required by the settlement complies 

with this chapter.

 2 Unless otherwise noted, the facts in this section are drawn directly, and in some cases verbatim, 

from the Plaintiff’s Memorandum of Points and Authorities in Support of the Motion.

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(B) The award of attorney’s fees is reasonable under 

California law.

(C) The penalty amount is reasonable based on the criteria 

set forth in paragraph (2) of subdivision (b).

Id.; see also Consumer Advocacy Grp., Inc. v. Kintetsu Enter. of Am., 141 Cal. App. 4th 

46, 61 (2006). The “trial court must look at the three factors and if any of those factors 

are not present it can’t approve the settlement.” Consumer Def. Grp. v. Rental Hous. 

Indus. Members, 137 Cal. App. 4th 1185, 1207 (2006) (emphasis removed); see also

Leeman v. Adams Extract & Spice, LLC, 236 Cal. App. 4th 1367, 1376 (2015) (reversing 

a trial court’s unilateral modification of the amount of attorney’s fees awarded in a 

Proposition 65 settlement). The Court here finds the attorney’s fee unreasonable, and 

thus cannot approve the settlement.

Under California law, “the fact that the defendant agreed to pay the fee does not 

automatically render the fee reasonable.” Cal. Code Regs. tit. 11, § 3291; see also

Leeman, 236 Cal. App. 4th at 1376 n.2. “Hourly fees should be those reasonable for 

attorneys of similar skill and experience in the relevant market area.” Cal. Code Regs. 

tit. 11, § 3291(d). In support of Plaintiff’s motion, it provides a fee summary chart 

detailing the hours and rates of the attorneys who worked on the case. See Mem. of P & 

A in Supp. of Mot., ECF No. 15, at 12. That chart shows that three attorneys provided 

services for Plaintiff at three different hourly rates; the law firm’s principal charged a rate 

of $795 per hour, while his two associates billed at $375 per hour and $225 per hour. 

Decl. of Andrew Packard, ECF No. 13, Ex. B.

In the Eastern District of California, these rates are well above the usually 

accepted rates. See, e.g., Millan v. Cascade Water Servs., Inc., No. 1:12-cv-01821-

AWI-EPG, 2016 WL 3077710, at *12 (E.D. Cal. Jun. 2, 2016) (rejecting $725 per hour for 

a partner and $610 per hour for an associate in favor of $375 per hour and $325 per 

hour, respectively); Ontiveros v. Zamora, 303 F.R.D. 356, 373–74 (E.D. Cal. 2014) 

(rejecting $650 per hour and $495 per hour for partners and between $325 per hour and 

$425 per hour for associates in favor of $400 per hour for partners and $175 per hour for 

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associates); Khanna v. Intercon Sec. Sys., Inc., No. 2:09-CV-2214 KJM EFB, 2014 WL 

1379861, at *15 (E.D. Cal. Apr. 8, 2014) (approving $300 per hour for partners, $200 per 

hour for associates, and $100 per hour for legal assistants); Adoma v. Univ. of Phoenix, 

Inc., 913 F. Supp. 2d 964, 984 (E.D. Cal. 2012) (approving $425 per hour for principals); 

Murillo v. Pac. Gas & Elec. Co., No. CIV. 2:08-1974 WBS GGH, 2010 WL 2889728, at 

*11 (E.D. Cal. Jul. 21, 2010) ($300 per hour for a principal). Indeed, this Court recently 

rejected an FLSA settlement due to the unreasonableness of attorney’s fees in which the 

plaintiff’s lodestar calculation was based on rates of $650 per hour for principals and 

between $350 and $400 for associates. See Mar v. Genuine Parts Co., No. 2:15-cv01405-MCE-AC, 2017 WL 68287, at *2–3 (E.D. Cal. Jan. 6, 2017).

Plaintiff fails to provide any evidence that its counsel’s high fees are appropriate 

in this case. Plaintiff’s counsel only avers generally that he “managed” the investigation 

of Defendants’ facilities and conducted “[i]ntensive negotiations.” Mem. of P & A in 

Supp. of Mot., at 12 (citing Decl. of Andrew Packard, ¶¶ 19, 21). Further, Plaintiff’s 

counsel provides no support for his averment that “[his] understanding of the rates 

charged by other attorneys (including those rates charged by leading Proposition 65 

defense counsel) with experience and expertise similar to mine, is that these rates are 

at, or substantially below, the prevailing rates charged by the majority of such lawyers.”

Decl. of Andrew Packard, ¶ 15. Absent any evidence that such high rates are warranted 

in this case, the Court finds rates of $425 per hour for principals and $225 per hour for 

associates to be more appropriate.

Applying these rates renders the settlement’s $67,500 of attorney’s fees more 

than 50% greater than the proper lodestar calculation. Accordingly, the Court finds the 

settlement’s attorney’s fees unreasonable and the settlement must be rejected.

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CONCLUSION

For the reasons provided above, Plaintiff’s Motion for Settlement Approval, ECF 

No. 10, is DENIED.

IT IS SO ORDERED.

Dated: February 9, 2017

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