Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-casd-3_19-cv-02313/USCOURTS-casd-3_19-cv-02313-0/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 890
Nature of Suit: Other Statutory Actions
Cause of Action: 15:1601 Truth in Lending

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 

SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 

MARIA SILVA, 

Plaintiff,

v. 

YGRENE ENERGY FUND, INC., et al., 

Defendants.

 Case No.: 19-cv-02313-BAS (JLB) 

ORDER: (1) GRANTING JOINT 

MOTION FOR ENTRY OF 

STIPULATED PROTECTIVE 

ORDER [ECF NO. 20]; AND (2) 

ENTERING PROTECTIVE ORDER 

Before the Court is a Joint Motion for Entry of Stipulated Protective Order (ECF No. 

20.) For good cause shown, the Joint Motion is GRANTED, and the following Protective 

Order is entered: 

1. PURPOSES AND LIMITATIONS 

Disclosure and discovery activity in this action are likely to involve production of 

confidential, proprietary, or private information for which special protection from public 

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disclosure and from use for any purpose other than prosecuting this litigation may be 

warranted. Accordingly, the parties hereby stipulate to and petition the court to enter the 

following Stipulated Protective Order. The parties acknowledge that this Order does not 

confer blanket protections on all disclosures or responses to discovery and that the 

protection it affords from public disclosure and use extends only to the limited information 

or items that are entitled to confidential treatment under the applicable legal principles. 

The parties further acknowledge, as set forth in Section 12.3, below, that this Stipulated 

Protective Order does not entitle them to file confidential information under seal; Civil 

Local Rule 7.2 and Hon. Judge Burkhardt’s Chamber Rule V sets forth the procedures that 

must be followed and the standards that will be applied when a party seeks permission from 

the court to file material under seal. 

2. DEFINITIONS 

2.1 Challenging Party: a Party or Non-Party that challenges the designation of 

information or items under this Order. 

2.2 “CONFIDENTIAL” Information or Items: information (regardless of how it 

is generated, stored or maintained) or tangible things that qualify for protection under 

Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(c). 

2.3 Counsel (without qualifier): Outside Counsel of Record and House Counsel 

(as well as their support staff). 

2.4 Designating Party: a Party or Non-Party that designates information or items 

that it produces in disclosures or in responses to discovery as “CONFIDENTIAL.” 

2.5 Disclosure or Discovery Material: all items or information, regardless of the 

medium or manner in which it is generated, stored, or maintained (including, among other 

things, testimony, transcripts, and tangible things), that are produced or generated in 

disclosures or responses to discovery in this matter. 

2.6 Expert: a person with specialized knowledge or experience in a matter 

pertinent to the litigation who has been retained by a Party or its counsel to serve as an 

expert witness or as a consultant in this action. 

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2.7 House Counsel: attorneys who are employees of a party to this action. House 

Counsel does not include Outside Counsel of Record or any other outside counsel. 

2.8 Non-Party: any natural person, partnership, corporation, association, or other 

legal entity not named as a Party to this action. 

2.9 Outside Counsel of Record: attorneys who are not employees of a party to 

this action but are retained to represent or advise a party to this action and have appeared 

in this action on behalf of that party or are affiliated with a law firm which has appeared 

on behalf of that party. 

2.10 Party: any party to this action, including all of its officers, directors, 

employees, consultants, retained experts, and Outside Counsel of Record (and their support 

staffs). 

2.11 Producing Party: a Party or Non-Party that produces Disclosure or Discovery 

Material in this action. 

2.12 Professional Vendors: persons or entities that provide litigation support 

services (e.g., photocopying, videotaping, translating, preparing exhibits or 

demonstrations, and organizing, storing, or retrieving data in any form or medium) and 

their employees and subcontractors. 

2.13 Protected Material: any Disclosure or Discovery Material that is designated 

as “CONFIDENTIAL.” 

2.14 Receiving Party: a Party that receives Disclosure or Discovery Material from 

a Producing Party. 

3. SCOPE 

The protections conferred by this Stipulation and Order cover not only Protected 

Material (as defined above), but also (1) any information copied or extracted from 

Protected Material; (2) all copies, excerpts, summaries, or compilations of Protected 

Material; and (3) any testimony, conversations, or presentations by Parties or their Counsel 

that might reveal Protected Material. However, the protections conferred by this 

Stipulation and Order do not cover the following information: (a) any information that is 

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in the public domain at the time of disclosure to a Receiving Party or becomes part of the 

public domain after its disclosure to a Receiving Party as a result of publication not 

involving a violation of this Order, including becoming part of the public record through 

trial or otherwise; and (b) any information known to the Receiving Party prior to the 

disclosure or obtained by the Receiving Party after the disclosure from a source who 

obtained the information lawfully and under no obligation of confidentiality to the 

Designating Party. Any use of Protected Material at trial shall be governed by a separate 

agreement or order. 

Without separate court order, the Protective Order and the Parties’ stipulation do not 

change, amend, or circumvent any court rule or local rule. 

4. DURATION 

Even after final disposition of this litigation, the confidentiality obligations imposed 

by this Order shall remain in effect until a Designating Party agrees otherwise in writing 

or a court order otherwise directs. Final disposition shall be deemed to be the later of (1) 

dismissal of all claims and defenses in this action, with or without prejudice; and (2) final 

judgment herein after the completion and exhaustion of all appeals, rehearings, remands, 

trials, or reviews of this action, including the time limits for filing any motions or 

applications for extension of time pursuant to applicable law. 

5. DESIGNATING PROTECTED MATERIAL 

5.1 Exercise of Restraint and Care in Designating Material for Protection. Each 

Party or Non-Party that designates information or items for protection under this Order 

must take care to limit any such designation to specific material that qualifies under the 

appropriate standards. The Designating Party must have an articulable, good faith basis to 

believe that each document or other information designated as confidential qualifies for 

protection under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(c) – so that other portions of the 

material, documents, items, or communications for which protection is not warranted are 

not swept unjustifiably within the ambit of this Order. 

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Mass, indiscriminate, or routinized designations are prohibited. Designations that 

are shown to be clearly unjustified or that have been made for an improper purpose (e.g., 

to unnecessarily encumber or retard the case development process or to impose 

unnecessary expenses and burdens on other parties) expose the Designating Party to 

sanctions. 

If it comes to a Designating Party’s attention that information or items that it 

designated for protection do not qualify for protection, that Designating Party must 

promptly notify all other Parties that it is withdrawing the mistaken designation. 

5.2 Manner and Timing of Designations. Except as otherwise provided in this 

Order (see, e.g., second paragraph of section 5.2(a) below), or as otherwise stipulated or 

ordered, Disclosure or Discovery Material that qualifies for protection under this Order 

must be clearly so designated before the material is disclosed or produced. 

Designation in conformity with this Order requires: 

(a) for information in documentary form (e.g., paper or electronic documents, 

but excluding transcripts of depositions or other pretrial or trial proceedings), that the 

Producing Party affix the legend “CONFIDENTIAL” to each page that contains protected 

material. If only a portion or portions of the material on a page qualifies for protection, the 

Producing Party also must clearly identify the protected portion(s) (e.g., by making 

appropriate markings in the margins). 

A Party or Non-Party that makes original documents or materials available for 

inspection need not designate them for protection until after the inspecting Party has 

indicated which material it would like copied and produced. During the inspection and 

before the designation, all of the material made available for inspection shall be deemed 

“CONFIDENTIAL.” After the inspecting Party has identified the documents it wants 

copied and produced, the Producing Party must determine which documents, or portions 

thereof, qualify for protection under this Order. Then, before producing the specified 

documents, the Producing Party must affix the “CONFIDENTIAL” legend to each page 

that contains Protected Material. If only a portion or portions of the material on a page 

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qualifies for protection, the Producing Party also must clearly identify the protected 

portion(s) (e.g., by making appropriate markings in the margins). 

(b) for testimony given in deposition or in other pretrial or trial proceedings, that 

the Designating Party identify on the record, before the close of the deposition, hearing, or 

other proceeding, all protected testimony. 

(c) for information produced in some form other than documentary and for any 

other tangible items, that the Producing Party affix in a prominent place on the exterior of 

the container or containers in which the information or item is stored the legend 

“CONFIDENTIAL.” If only a portion or portions of the information or item warrant 

protection, the Producing Party, to the extent practicable, shall identify the protected 

portion(s). 

5.3 Inadvertent Failures to Designate. If timely corrected, an inadvertent failure 

to designate qualified information or items does not, standing alone, waive the Designating 

Party’s right to secure protection under this Order for such material. Upon timely 

correction of a designation, the Receiving Party must make reasonable efforts to assure that 

the material is treated in accordance with the provisions of this Order. 

6. CHALLENGING CONFIDENTIALITY DESIGNATIONS 

6.1 Timing of Challenges. Any Party or Non-Party may challenge a designation 

of confidentiality at any time. Unless a prompt challenge to a Designating Party’s 

confidentiality designation is necessary to avoid foreseeable, substantial unfairness, 

unnecessary economic burdens, or a significant disruption or delay of the litigation, a Party 

does not waive its right to challenge a confidentiality designation by electing not to mount 

a challenge promptly after the original designation is disclosed. 

6.2 Meet and Confer. The Challenging Party shall initiate the dispute resolution 

process by providing written notice of each designation it is challenging and describing the 

basis for each challenge. To avoid ambiguity as to whether a challenge has been made, the 

written notice must recite that the challenge to confidentiality is being made in accordance 

with this specific paragraph of the Protective Order. The parties shall attempt to resolve 

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each challenge in good faith and must begin the process by conferring directly (in voice to 

voice dialogue; other forms of communication are not sufficient) within 14 days of the date 

of service of notice. In conferring, the Challenging Party must explain the basis for its 

belief that the confidentiality designation was not proper and must give the Designating 

Party an opportunity to review the designated material, to reconsider the circumstances, 

and, if no change in designation is offered, to explain the basis for the chosen designation. 

A Challenging Party may proceed to the next stage of the challenge process only if it has 

engaged in this meet and confer process first or establishes that the Designating Party is 

unwilling to participate in the meet and confer process in a timely manner. 

6.3 Judicial Intervention. If the Parties cannot resolve a challenge without court 

intervention, the Designating Party shall file and serve a motion to retain confidentiality 

within 21 days of the initial notice of challenge or within 14 days of the parties agreeing 

that the meet and confer process will not resolve their dispute, whichever is earlier. Each 

such motion must be accompanied by a competent declaration affirming that the movant 

has complied with the meet and confer requirements imposed in the preceding paragraph. 

Failure by the Designating Party to make such a motion including the required declaration 

within 21 days (or 14 days, if applicable) shall automatically waive the confidentiality 

designation for each challenged designation. In addition, the Challenging Party may file a 

motion challenging a confidentiality designation at any time if there is good cause for doing 

so, including a challenge to the designation of a deposition transcript or any portions 

thereof. Any motion brought pursuant to this provision must be accompanied by a 

competent declaration affirming that the movant has complied with the meet and confer 

requirements imposed by the preceding paragraph. 

The burden of persuasion in any such challenge proceeding shall be on the 

Designating Party. Frivolous challenges, and those made for an improper purpose (e.g., to 

harass or impose unnecessary expenses and burdens on other parties) may expose the 

Challenging Party to sanctions. Unless the Designating Party has waived the 

confidentiality designation by failing to file a motion to retain confidentiality as described 

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above, all parties shall continue to afford the material in question the level of protection to 

which it is entitled under the Producing Party’s designation until the court rules on the 

challenge. 

The Court may modify the terms and conditions of the Order for good cause, or in 

the interest of justice, or on its own order at any time in these proceedings. 

7. ACCESS TO AND USE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL 

7.1 Basic Principles. A Receiving Party may use Protected Material that is 

disclosed or produced by another Party or by a Non-Party in connection with this case only 

for prosecuting, defending, or attempting to settle this litigation. Such Protected Material 

may be disclosed only to the categories of persons and under the conditions described in 

this Order. When the litigation has been terminated, a Receiving Party must comply with 

the provisions of section 13 below (FINAL DISPOSITION). 

Protected Material must be stored and maintained by a Receiving Party at a location 

and in a secure manner that ensures that access is limited to the persons authorized under 

this Order. 

7.2 Disclosure of “CONFIDENTIAL” Information or Items. Unless otherwise 

ordered by the court or permitted in writing by the Designating Party, a Receiving Party 

may disclose any information or item designated “CONFIDENTIAL” only to: 

(a) the Receiving Party’s Outside Counsel of Record in this action, as well as 

employees of said Outside Counsel of Record to whom it is reasonably necessary to 

disclose the information for this litigation and who have signed the “Acknowledgment and 

Agreement to Be Bound” that is attached hereto as Exhibit A; 

(b) the officers, directors, and employees (including House Counsel) of the 

Receiving Party to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary for this litigation and who 

have signed the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A); 

(c) Experts (as defined in this Order) of the Receiving Party to whom disclosure 

is reasonably necessary for this litigation and who have signed the “Acknowledgment and 

Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A); 

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(d) the court and its personnel; 

(e) court reporters and their staff, professional jury or trial consultants, mock 

jurors, and Professional Vendors to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary for this 

litigation and who have signed the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” 

(Exhibit A); 

(f) during their depositions, witnesses in the action to whom disclosure is 

reasonably necessary and who have signed the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be 

Bound” (Exhibit A), unless otherwise agreed by the Designating Party or ordered by the 

court. Pages of transcribed deposition testimony or exhibits to depositions that reveal 

Protected Material must be separately bound by the court reporter and may not be disclosed 

to anyone except as permitted under this Stipulated Protective Order. 

(g) the author or recipient of a document containing the information or a 

custodian or other person who otherwise possessed or knew the information. 

8. PROTECTED MATERIAL SUBPOENAED OR ORDERED PRODUCED IN 

OTHER LITIGATION 

If a Party is served with a subpoena or a court order issued in other litigation that 

compels disclosure of any information or items designated in this action as 

“CONFIDENTIAL,” that Party must: 

(a) promptly notify in writing the Designating Party. Such notification shall 

include a copy of the subpoena or court order; 

(b) promptly notify in writing the party who caused the subpoena or order to 

issue in the other litigation that some or all of the material covered by the subpoena or order 

is subject to this Protective Order. Such notification shall include a copy of this Stipulated 

Protective Order; and 

(c) cooperate with respect to all reasonable procedures sought to be pursued by 

the Designating Party whose Protected Material may be affected. 

If the Designating Party timely seeks a protective order, the Party served with the 

subpoena or court order shall not produce any information designated in this action as 

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“CONFIDENTIAL” before a determination by the court from which the subpoena or order 

issued, unless the Party has obtained the Designating Party’s permission. The Designating 

Party shall bear the burden and expense of seeking protection in that court of its 

confidential material – and nothing in these provisions should be construed as authorizing 

or encouraging a Receiving Party in this action to disobey a lawful directive from another 

court. 

9. A NON-PARTY’S PROTECTED MATERIAL SOUGHT TO BE PRODUCED IN 

THIS LITIGATION 

(a) The terms of this Order are applicable to information produced by a NonParty in this action and designated as “CONFIDENTIAL.” Such information produced by 

Non-Parties in connection with this litigation is protected by the remedies and relief 

provided by this Order. Nothing in these provisions should be construed as prohibiting a 

Non-Party from seeking additional protections. 

(b) In the event that a Party is required, by a valid discovery request, to produce 

a Non-Party’s confidential information in its possession, and the Party is subject to an 

agreement with the Non-Party not to produce the Non-Party’s confidential information, 

then the Party shall: 

(1) promptly notify in writing the Requesting Party and the Non-Party that 

some or all of the information requested is subject to a confidentiality agreement with a 

Non-Party; 

(2) promptly provide the Non-Party with a copy of the Stipulated Protective 

Order in this litigation, the relevant discovery request(s), and a reasonably specific 

description of the information requested; and 

(3) make the information requested available for inspection by the Non-Party. 

(c) If the Non-Party fails to object or seek a protective order from this court 

within 14 days of receiving the notice and accompanying information, the Receiving Party 

may produce the Non-Party’s confidential information responsive to the discovery request. 

If the Non-Party timely seeks a protective order, the Receiving Party shall not produce any 

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information in its possession or control that is subject to the confidentiality agreement with 

the Non-Party before a determination by the court. Absent a court order to the contrary, 

the Non-Party shall bear the burden and expense of seeking protection in this court of its 

Protected Material. 

10. UNAUTHORIZED DISCLOSURE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL 

If a Receiving Party learns that, by inadvertence or otherwise, it has disclosed 

Protected Material to any person or in any circumstance not authorized under this 

Stipulated Protective Order, the Receiving Party must immediately (a) notify in writing the 

Designating Party of the unauthorized disclosures, (b) use its best efforts to retrieve all 

unauthorized copies of the Protected Material, (c) inform the person or persons to whom 

unauthorized disclosures were made of all the terms of this Order, and (d) request such 

person or persons to execute the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” that is 

attached hereto as Exhibit A. 

11. INADVERTENT PRODUCTION OF PRIVILEGED OR OTHERWISE 

PROTECTED MATERIAL 

When a Producing Party gives notice to Receiving Parties that certain inadvertently 

produced material is subject to a claim of privilege or other protection, the obligations of 

the Receiving Parties are those set forth in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(b)(5)(B). 

This provision is not intended to modify whatever procedure may be established in an ediscovery order that provides for production without prior privilege review. Pursuant to 

Federal Rule of Evidence 502(d) and (e), insofar as the parties reach an agreement on the 

effect of disclosure of a communication or information covered by the attorney-client 

privilege or work product protection, the parties may incorporate their agreement in the 

stipulated protective order submitted to the court. 

12. MISCELLANEOUS 

12.1 Right to Further Relief. Nothing in this Order abridges the right of any person 

to seek its modification by the court in the future. 

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12.2 Right to Assert Other Objections. By stipulating to the entry of this Protective 

Order no Party waives any right it otherwise would have to object to disclosing or 

producing any information or item on any ground not addressed in this Stipulated 

Protective Order. Similarly, no Party waives any right to object on any ground to use in 

evidence of any of the material covered by this Protective Order. 

12.3 Filing Protected Material. No document shall be filed under seal unless 

counsel secures a court order allowing the filing of a document under seal. An application 

to file a document under seal shall be served on opposing counsel, and on the person or 

entity that has custody and control of the document, if different from opposing counsel. If 

the application to file under seal a document designated as confidential is being made by 

the non-designating party, then, upon request, the designating party must promptly provide 

the applicant with a legal basis for the confidential designation to include within the 

application. If opposing counsel, or the person or entity that has custody and control of the 

document, wishes to oppose the application, he/she must contact the chambers of the judge 

who will rule on the application, to notify the judge’s staff that an opposition to the 

application will be filed. 

13. FINAL DISPOSITION 

Within 60 days after the final disposition of this action, as defined in paragraph 4, 

each Receiving Party must return all Protected Material to the Producing Party or destroy 

such material. As used in this subdivision, “all Protected Material” includes all copies, 

abstracts, compilations, summaries, and any other format reproducing or capturing any of 

the Protected Material. Whether the Protected Material is returned or destroyed, the 

Receiving Party must submit a written certification to the Producing Party (and, if not the 

same person or entity, to the Designating Party) by the 60 day deadline that (1) identifies 

(by category, where appropriate) all the Protected Material that was returned or destroyed 

and (2) affirms that the Receiving Party has not retained any copies, abstracts, 

compilations, summaries or any other format reproducing or capturing any of the Protected 

Material. 

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Absent an ex parte motion made within 10 calendar days of the termination of the 

case, the Parties understand that the Court will destroy any confidential documents in its 

possession. 

Notwithstanding this provision, Counsel are entitled to retain an archival copy of all 

pleadings, motion papers, trial, deposition, and hearing transcripts, legal memoranda, 

correspondence, deposition and trial exhibits, expert reports, attorney work product, and 

consultant and expert work product, even if such materials contain Protected Material. Any 

such archival copies that contain or constitute Protected Material remain subject to this 

Protective Order as set forth in Section 4 (DURATION). 

IT IS SO ORDERED. 

Dated: March 24, 2020

 

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EXHIBIT A 

ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND AGREEMENT TO BE BOUND 

I, _____________________________ [print or type full name], of 

_________________ [print or type full address], declare under penalty of perjury that I 

have read in its entirety and understand the Stipulated Protective Order that was issued by 

the United States District Court for the Southern District of California on March 24, 2020 

in the case of Silva v. Ygrene Energy Fund, Inc., et al., Case No. 19-cv-02313-BAS (JLB). 

I agree to comply with and to be bound by all the terms of this Stipulated Protective Order 

and I understand and acknowledge that failure to so comply could expose me to sanctions 

and punishment in the nature of contempt. I solemnly promise that I will not disclose in 

any manner any information or item that is subject to this Stipulated Protective Order to 

any person or entity except in strict compliance with the provisions of this Order. 

I further agree to submit to the jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the 

Southern District of California for the purpose of enforcing the terms of this Stipulated 

Protective Order, even if such enforcement proceedings occur after termination of this 

action. 

I hereby appoint __________________________ [print or type full name] of 

_______________________________________ [print or type full address and telephone 

number] as my California agent for service of process in connection with this action or any 

proceedings related to enforcement of this Stipulated Protective Order. 

Date: ______________________________________ 

City and State where sworn and signed: _________________________________ 

Printed name: _______________________________ 

Signature: __________________________________ 

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