Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-caed-2_07-cv-00987/USCOURTS-caed-2_07-cv-00987-2/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 445
Nature of Suit: Americans with Disabilities Act - Employment
Cause of Action: 42:12101 Americans with Disabilities Act

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IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

LINDA OSTROFSKY,

Plaintiff, No. CIV S-07-0987 MCE EFB PS

vs.

ANTHONY SAUER in his official 

capacity DEPARTMENT OF 

REHABILITATION,

Defendant. ORDER

 /

This action, in which plaintiff is proceeding pro se, was referred to the undersigned by

Local Rule 72-302(c)(21), pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1). On July 17, 2007, the court

granted plaintiff’s application to proceed in forma pauperis pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915, and

dismissed her complaint, with leave to amend, for failure to comply with Fed. R. Civ. P. 8 and

failure to state a claim. Plaintiff filed an amended complaint, which the court again dismissed

with leave to amend.

Plaintiff’s second amended complaint, filed December 26, 2007, states several claims for

relief. However, plaintiff’s second cause of action for a “hostile work environment on the basis

of plaintiff’s disability” under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, 42 U.S.C. § 2000(e), fails to

state a claim. In order to state a claim for harassment amounting to a hostile work environment

Case 2:07-cv-00987-MCE -KJN Document 14 Filed 02/01/08 Page 1 of 3
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under Title VII, plaintiff must allege that the harassment was based on race, color, sex, national

origin or religion. 42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2(A)(1). Title VII does not apply to discrimination based

on age or disability. See id.; Smith v. Sacramento Unified Sch. Dist., No. CIV S-07-0628 MCE

GGH PS, 2007 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 85851, *10-11 (E.D. Cal. Nov. 9, 2007). Accordingly, plaintiff

may not proceed on this claim.

Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2), the court is directed to dismiss the case at any time if

it determines the allegation of poverty is untrue, or if the action is frivolous or malicious, fails to

state a claim on which relief may be granted, or seeks monetary relief against an immune

defendant. Accordingly, the court orders plaintiff to file a third amended complaint that

excludes this second cause of action. If plaintiff chooses to file an amended complaint in

accordance with this order, the court will direct service of process on defendants. 

Plaintiff is again informed that the court cannot refer to prior pleadings in order to make

an amended complaint complete. Local Rule 15-220 requires that an amended complaint be

complete in itself. This is because, as a general rule, an amended complaint supersedes the

original complaint. See Loux v. Rhay, 375 F.2d 55, 57 (9th Cir. 1967). Accordingly, once

plaintiff files an amended complaint, the original no longer serves any function in the case. 

Therefore, “a plaintiff waives all causes of action alleged in the original complaint which are not

alleged in the amended complaint,” London v. Coopers & Lybrand, 644 F.2d 811, 814 (9th Cir.

1981), and defendants not named in an amended complaint are no longer defendants. Ferdik v.

Bonzelet, 963 F.2d 1258, 1262 (9th Cir. 1992).

In accordance with the foregoing, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that:

1. Plaintiff’s second amended complaint is dismissed with leave to amend; 

2. Plaintiff is granted thirty days from the date of service of this order to file a third

amended complaint in accordance with this order; and,

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3. Failure to timely file a third amended complaint in accordance with this order will

result in a recommendation this action be dismissed.

DATED: January 31, 2008.

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