Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-caed-1_21-cv-00942/USCOURTS-caed-1_21-cv-00942-9/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 550
Nature of Suit: Prisoner - Civil Rights (U.S. defendant)
Cause of Action: 42:1983 Prisoner Civil Rights

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

PERCY LEE RHODES,

Plaintiff,

v.

JOSEPH RUIZ, et al.,

Defendants.

Case No. 1:21-cv-00942-CDB (PC) 

ORDER REGARDING PLAINTIFF’S 

FILING OF DECEMBER 6, 2023

(Doc. 37)

Plaintiff Percy Lee Rhodes is a proceeding pro se and in forma pauperis in this civil rights 

action pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983.

On December 6, 2023, Plaintiff filed an untitled document with the Court, docketed as a 

notice. (See Doc. 37.) Plaintiff states he is presently incarcerated in the Fresno County Jail,1

“without funds” and is “unable to continue in re: [his] lawsuit, and or the courts orders” and 

wishes “to have all proceedings [stopped] until” he is released or reaches a “facility where [he]

can be granted to proceed.” (Id.) 

//

1 The Court notes the docket reflects Plaintiff’s current address as 1410 E. Clinton Ave., Fresno, CA 

93704. Yet Plaintiff has not filed a Notice of Change of Address as is his obligation. See Local Rule 

182(f). (See also Doc. 3 at 5 [First Informational Order in Prisoner/Civil Detainee Civil Rights Case, VIII. 

Current Address Required; attached “Notice of Change of Address” form.) The Court further notes 

Plaintiff previously filed a Notice of Change of Address on July 22, 2021, changing his address from the 

Fresno County Jail to the address on Clinton Avenue. (See Doc. 6.)

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I. DISCUSSION

The Court is uncertain as to the nature of Plaintiff’s request but finds any response by 

Defendants to be unnecessary. 

If Plaintiff intended to seek voluntary dismissal of this action by way of his notice filed 

December 6, 2023, he may not do so. Rule 41(a)(1)(A)(i) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 

permits a plaintiff to voluntarily dismiss an action without a court order by filing “a notice of 

dismissal before the opposing party serves either an answer or a motion for summary judgment.” 

Here, however, Defendants have answered Plaintiff’s complaint and discovery has commenced. 

(See Docs. 24 [answer by Defendant Ruiz], 25 [answer by Defendants Cortez, Lightner and 

McComas] & 30 [Discovery and Scheduling Order].) Therefore, Plaintiff may not dismiss this 

action pursuant to Rule 41(a)(1)(A)(i). 

Plaintiff is advised that if he seeks to voluntarily dismiss this action, he has the option of 

contacting counsel for the Defendants about a stipulation of dismissal. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 

41(a)(1)(A)(ii) (a court may dismiss an action by way of “a stipulation of dismissal signed by all 

parties who have appeared”). 

To the extent Plaintiff seeks a stay of these proceedings, he must file a proper motion. As 

Plaintiff was advised in the First Informational Order issued June 17, 2021, a “document 

requesting a court order must be styled as a motion. Letters to the Court or a judge may be 

stricken/returned. Fed. R. Civ. P. 7.” (Doc. 3 at 2.) Plaintiff is advised the district court “has broad 

discretion to stay proceedings as an incident to its power to control its own docket.” Clinton v. 

Jones, 520 U.S. 681, 706 (1997) (citing Landis v. North American Co., 299 U.S. 248, 254 

(1936)). The party seeking the stay bears the burden of establishing the need to stay the action. 

Id. at 708. “Generally, stays should not be indefinite in nature.” Dependable Highway Exp., Inc. 

v. Navigators Ins. Co., 498 F.3d 1059, 1066-67 (9th Cir. 2007). If a stay is especially long or its 

term is indefinite, a greater showing is required to justify it. Yong v. I.N.S., 208 F.3d 1116, 1119 

(9th Cir. 2000). In evaluating whether to stay an action, a district court must the weigh competing 

interests that will be affected by the grant or refusal to grant a stay, including: (1) the possible 

damage which may result from the granting of a stay; (2) the hardship or inequity which a party 

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may suffer in being required to go forward; and (3) the orderly course of justice measured in 

terms of simplifying or complicating of issues, proof, and questions of law which could be 

expected to result from a stay. CMAX, Inc. v. Hall, 300 F.2d 265, 268 (9th Cir. 1962) (citing 

Landis, 299 U.S. at 254-55)). Assuming Plaintiff intended to seek a stay of these proceedings in 

light of his reincarceration in the Fresno County Jail, he should file a motion to stay these 

proceedings, addressing his burden and the interests to be considered by the Court. 

Should Plaintiff elect not to file a motion to stay these proceedings or elect not to contact 

counsel for Defendants concerning a joint stipulation of voluntary dismissal, this action will 

proceed through the discovery phase and Plaintiff will remain obligated to prosecute his case. If 

Plaintiff fails to comply with his discovery obligations or fails to comply with any future orders 

of the Court, this action may be subject to dismissal with prejudice. See, e.g., Ferdik v. Bonzelet, 

963 F.2d 1258, 1260-61 (9th Cir. 1992) (dismissal for failure to comply with a court order); 

Malone v. U.S. Postal Service, 833 F.2d 128, 130-31 (9th Cir. 1987) (same); Henderson v. 

Duncan, 779 F.2d 1421, 1424 (9th Cir. 1986) (dismissal for failure to prosecute and to comply 

with local rules).

II. CONCLUSION AND ORDER

For the reasons given above, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that:

1. Plaintiff SHALL file any motion to stay these proceedings, in accordance with the 

legal standards provided above, within 21 days of the date of service of this order, if 

he so chooses; 

2. Should Plaintiff elect not to file a motion to stay these proceedings, he may wish to

contact defense counsel concerning the possibility of obtaining a joint stipulation of 

dismissal; 

3. In the absence of a motion to stay filed by Plaintiff, or a joint stipulation to voluntary 

dismissal filed by all parties to the action, Plaintiff remains obligated to participate in 

discovery in accordance with the Discovery and Scheduling Order issued October 3, 

2023 (Doc. 30), the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, and this Court’s Local Rules; 

and

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4. As a one-time courtesy, the Court DIRECTS the Clerk of the Court to modify the 

docket to reflect Plaintiff’s current address at the Fresno County Jail, as a result of his 

reincarceration and as indicated in Plaintiff’s notice filed December 6, 2023. 

IT IS SO ORDERED.

Dated: December 8, 2023 ___________________ _

UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE

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