Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-ca3-19-02094/USCOURTS-ca3-19-02094-0/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 440
Nature of Suit: Other Civil Rights
Cause of Action: 

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CLD-116 NOT PRECEDENTIAL

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT

___________

No. 19-2094

___________

LESLIE WILLIS,

Appellant

v.

THE HON. LAWRENCE J. O’TOOLE, Individually, and in his Official Capacity as 

Administrative Judge for the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County Orphans’

Court Division; TIMOTHY FINNERTY, Individually, and in his Official Capacity as 

Assistant County Solicitor; MICHAEL MCGEEVER, Individually and in his Official 

Capacity as Director of Allegheny County Dept. of Court Records Wills/Orphans’ Court 

Division; MELISSA DIESEL, Individually; WILLIAM TENNEY, Individually; JAMES 

UZIEL, Individually and in his Official Capacity as Deputy Records for Allegheny 

County Department of Real Estate; THE HON. JUDGE KATHLEEN A. DURKIN, 

Individually, and in her Official Capacity for the Court of Common Pleas Orphans’ Court 

Division

____________________________________

On Appeal from the United States District Court

for the Western District of Pennsylvania

(D.C. Civil Action No. 2-18-cv-00290)

District Judge: Honorable David S. Cercone

____________________________________

Submitted on a Motion for Summary Action 

Pursuant to Third Circuit LAR 27.4 and I.O.P. 10.6

February 13, 2020

Before: JORDAN, KRAUSE and MATEY, Circuit Judges

(Opinion filed: March 2, 2020)

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_________

OPINION*

_________

PER CURIAM

Pro se appellant Leslie Willis appeals the District Court’s order dismissing her

amended complaint and denying leave to amend. Appellees have filed a motion to 

summarily affirm. For the reasons set forth below, we will grant the motion and 

summarily affirm the District Court’s judgment. See 3d Cir. L.A.R. 27.4; 3d Cir. I.O.P. 

10.6.

This action arises out of probate proceedings involving the estate of Willis’s

deceased grandmother, Annie Pearl Willis, in the Orphan’s Court division of the

Allegheny County Court of Common Pleas. In 2014, Willis filed a motion seeking to

restrain the sale of real property belonging to the estate, which Judge Durkin denied, and

the property was sold. Willis filed dozens of other documents in the probate matter,

including several requests to proceed in forma pauperis (IFP). Judge Durkin denied those

motions both in May 2014 and in April 2016. In April 2017, Judge Durkin issued a

decree of distribution.

In 2018, Willis filed an action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 in District Court. In her

operative second amended complaint, she alleged that defendants—Judge O’Toole (the

* This disposition is not an opinion of the full Court and pursuant to I.O.P. 5.7 does not 

constitute binding precedent.

Case: 19-2094 Document: 175 Page: 2 Date Filed: 03/02/2020
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Administrative Judge of the Orphans Court), and three employees of that court’s clerk’s

office—violated her right to access the court and challenge the sale of property by failing

to docket documents that she attempted to file IFP. She alleged that this conduct began

in July or August 2016. The defendants filed motions to dismiss. A Magistrate Judge

recommended that the District Court grant those motions on the grounds that the

defendants were immune, and the Court approved and adopted that report and

recommendation.

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Willis filed a timely notice of appeal. The appellees have filed a motion for

summary affirmance. Willis has filed roughly 150 documents in this Court, ranging from

copies of death certificates to legal descriptions of real property to documents she filed in

the probate case.

We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We exercise a plenary standard of 

review over the dismissal order. See Fleisher v. Standard Ins. Co., 679 F.3d 116, 120 (3d

Cir. 2012). In reviewing a dismissal under Rule 12(b)(6), “we accept all factual 

allegations as true [and] construe the complaint in the light most favorable to the 

plaintiff.” Pinker v. Roche Holdings Ltd., 292 F.3d 361, 374 n.7 (3d Cir. 2002). “To 

survive a motion to dismiss, a complaint must contain sufficient factual matter, accepted 

as true, to ‘state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.’” Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 

1 Willis also filed a motion for reconsideration, which the District Court denied. Because 

Willis did not file a new or amended notice of appeal encompassing the order denying his 

motion for reconsideration, we lack jurisdiction to consider that order. See Fed. R. App. 

P. 4(a)(4)(B)(ii); Carrascosa v. McGuire, 520 F.3d 249, 253–54 (3d Cir. 2008).

Case: 19-2094 Document: 175 Page: 3 Date Filed: 03/02/2020
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U.S. 662, 678 (2009) (quoting Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 570 (2007)).

We review the District Court’s denial of Willis’s motion for leave to amend for abuse of 

discretion. See City of Cambridge Ret. Sys. v. Altisource Asset Mgmt. Corp., 908 F.3d 

872, 878 (3d Cir. 2018). We will summarily affirm the District Court’s decision if it 

determines that “no substantial question is presented” by the appeal. 3d Cir. L.A.R. 27.4. 

We will grant the appellees’ motion and summarily affirm the District Court’s

judgment. First, as the District Court explained, Willis’s claims against Judge O’Toole

fail because “[a] judicial officer in the performance of his duties has absolute immunity 

from suit and will not be liable for his judicial acts.” Azubuko v. Royal, 443 F.3d 302, 

303 (3d Cir. 2006) (per curiam). Although “absolute judicial immunity extends only to 

claims for damages,” Larsen v. Senate of the Commonwealth, 152 F.3d 240, 249 (3d Cir. 

1998), “in any action brought against a judicial officer for an act or omission taken in 

such officer’s judicial capacity, injunctive relief shall not be granted unless a declaratory 

decree was violated or declaratory relief was unavailable.” 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Willis has

not shown that this exception applies. See Azubuko, 443 F.3d at 303–04.

Willis’s allegations against the clerk’s office personnel are also meritless. To the 

extent that she complaints about these defendants’ conduct in applying Judge Durkin’s

order denying her right to proceed IFP by refusing to docket her unauthorized IFP filings,

“any public official acting pursuant to court directive is also immune from suit.” 

Lockhart v. Hoenstine, 411 F.2d 455, 460 (3d Cir. 1969); see also Lundahl v. Zimmer, 

296 F.3d 936, 939–40 (10th Cir. 2002). These defendants are also absolutely immune for 

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their role in helping the Court to “control its docket.” Rodriguez v. Weprin, 116 F.3d 62, 

66 (2d Cir. 1997). Thus, these claims are also barred. See, e.g., Capogrosso v. Supreme 

Court of N.J., 588 F.3d 180, 185 (3d Cir. 2009); Montero v. Travis, 171 F.3d 757, 761 

(2d Cir. 1999).

Moreover, even if Willis could allege some misconduct that would fall outside the

clerk’s office defendants’ immunity, see generally Snyder v. Nolen, 380 F.3d 279, 288–

89 (7th Cir. 2004), she has not stated a facially plausible claim, see Iqbal, 556 U.S. at

678. While she complains about a failure to docket her filings, the state docket reveals

that she has filed numerous documents and that the state court has specifically denied her

objections to the sale of the property and her request to proceed IFP. Further, she has not

shown that she has “lost a chance to pursue a ‘nonfrivolous’ or ‘arguable’ underlying 

claim.” Monroe v. Beard, 536 F.3d 198, 205 (3d Cir. 2008) (per curiam) (quoting 

Christopher v. Harbury, 536 U.S. 403, 415 (2005)). 

Nor did the District Court err in denying Willis’s request to file a third amended

complaint. As the District Court explained, all her proposed amendments would have

been futile. She sought to add additional clerk’s office employees and Judge Durkin as

defendants, but those claims would fail for the reasons discussed above. Moreover, while

she wished to sue the recorder of deeds for recording the transferred deed

notwithstanding her (rejected) opposition to the underlying transfer, she has not shown

that she possesses a plausible claim against this defendant. See generally Chesapeake 

Appalachia, LLC v. Golden, 35 A.3d 1277, 1281 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 2012) (“In short, the 

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Recorder is a ministerial officer charged with recording all documents presented to him.”

(quotation marks omitted)).

Accordingly, we will grant the appellees’ motion and summarily affirm the

District Court’s judgment. The numerous motions Willis has filed in this Court are

denied.

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In most of the motions, Willis seeks to expand the record to allow us to consider 

documents filed in the District Court. As the Clerk explained to Willis in a June 20, 2019 

order, “any documents filed and accepted as part of the District Court record are part of 

this Court’s record, so the motion is unnecessary.” 

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