Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-caed-2_22-cv-00650/USCOURTS-caed-2_22-cv-00650-8/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 550
Nature of Suit: Prisoner - Civil Rights (U.S. defendant)
Cause of Action: 42:1983 Prisoner Civil Rights

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

DURRELL ANTHONY PUCKETT,

Plaintiff,

v.

D. MORENO, et al.,

Defendants.

Case No. 2:22-cv-00650-WBS-JDP (PC)

ORDER DENYING PLAINTIFF’S MOTION 

TO APPOINT COUNSEL

ECF No. 41

FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 

THAT PLAINTIFF’S MOTION TO AMEND 

COMPLAINT BE DENIED

ECF No. 37

Plaintiff brought this action on April 12, 2022, and, on January 23, 2023, I found that the 

second amended complaint stated a viable Eighth Amendment failure to protect claim against 

defendants Moreno, Haynes, Smith, and Williams. ECF No. 15. Then, after service was 

accomplished and the case was scheduled, plaintiff filed a motion to amend his complaint, ECF 

No. 37, seeking to add a First Amendment retaliation claim against defendant Haynes (and 

possibly against defendants Moreno, Smith, and two unidentified “Doe” officers). ECF No. 38 at 

4. Defendants have opposed amendment, ECF No. 39, and plaintiff has filed a reply, ECF No. 

40. After review of the proposed amended complaint, I conclude that the proposed new claim is 

non-cognizable, and, thus, amendment should be denied as futile. I will deny plaintiff’s motion to 

Case 2:22-cv-00650-JDP Document 45 Filed 12/05/23 Page 1 of 4
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appoint counsel.1 ECF No. 41. 

Legal Standards

Rule 15(a)(2) directs that a court “should freely give leave [to amend a complaint] when 

justice so requires.” Courts should generally be liberal in allowing a party to amend. Sonoma 

County Ass’n of Retired Emples. v. Sonoma County, 708 F.3d 1109, 1117 (9th Cir. 2013). Leave 

to amend should be denied only where there is strong evidence of “undue delay, bad faith or 

dilatory motive on the part of the movant, repeated failure to cure deficiencies by amendments 

previously allowed, undue prejudice to the opposing party by virtue of allowance of the 

amendment, [or] futility of amendment . . . .” Id. (quoting Foman v. Davis, 371 U.S. 178, 182 

(1962)) (alteration in original). A motion may be denied solely based on its futility. See Miller v. 

Rykoff-Sexton, Inc., 845 F.2d 209, 214 (9th Cir. 1988) (“A motion for leave to amend may be 

denied if it appears to be futile or legally insufficient.”). 

Defendants argue, and I agree, that the proposed amendment is futile. The third amended 

complaint vaguely alleges that plaintiff has suffered mental health problems because of “them”—

presumably the defendants—trying to get him killed by prison gangs. ECF No. 38 at 4. Plaintiff 

alleges that these attempts are “caused by” retaliation and threats from defendant Haynes, though 

he does not explain either this causality, the nature of the retaliation and threats, or the motivation 

for the alleged retaliation. Neither does he adequately allege how this new claim is related to his 

original failure-to-protect claim. In his reply, plaintiff claims that these allegations are related 

because one led to the other, ECF No. 40 at 1, but he does not explain how. As such, this claim 

would not be suitable to proceed past screening, and allowing plaintiff to amend only to add this 

non-viable claim would be futile. 

I will deny plaintiff’s motion to appoint counsel. ECF No. 41. Plaintiff does not have a 

constitutional right to appointed counsel in this action, see Rand v. Rowland, 113 F.3d 1520, 1525 

(9th Cir. 1997), and I lack the authority to require an attorney to represent plaintiff. See Mallard 

v. U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Iowa, 490 U.S. 296, 298 (1989). I may request 

1 Plaintiff’s other, discovery-related motions, ECF Nos. 42 & 43, will be addressed in a 

separate order.

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the voluntary assistance of counsel. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(1) (“The court may request an 

attorney to represent any person unable to afford counsel”); Rand, 113 F.3d at 1525. However, 

without a means to compensate counsel, I will seek volunteer counsel only in exceptional 

circumstances. In determining whether such circumstances exist, “the district court must evaluate 

both the likelihood of success on the merits [and] the ability of the [plaintiff] to articulate his 

claims pro se in light of the complexity of the legal issues involved.” Rand, 113 F.3d at 1525 

(internal quotation marks and citations omitted).

I cannot conclude that exceptional circumstances requiring the appointment of counsel are 

present here. Despite plaintiff’s allegations to the contrary, the allegations in the complaint are 

not exceptionally complicated. Neither has plaintiff shown that he is likely to succeed on the 

merits. Plaintiff does allege that he suffers from mental health issues and that he is on 

medication, but, to date, he has represented himself adequately. If he needs additional time to file 

pleadings because of his circumstances, he may motion for a reasonable extension of time. 

Accordingly, it is ORDERED that plaintiff’s motion to appoint counsel, ECF No. 41, is 

DENIED without prejudice. 

Further, it is RECOMMENDED that plaintiff’s motion to amend, ECF No. 37, be 

DENIED as futile.

These findings and recommendations are submitted to the United States District Judge 

assigned to the case, pursuant to the provisions of 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(l). Within fourteen days 

after being served with these findings and recommendations, any party may file written 

objections with the court and serve a copy on all parties. Such a document should be captioned 

“Objections to Magistrate Judge’s Findings and Recommendations.” Any response to the 

objections shall be served and filed within fourteen days after service of the objections. The 

parties are advised that failure to file objections within the specified time may waive the right to 

appeal the District Court’s order. Turner v. Duncan, 158 F.3d 449, 455 (9th Cir. 1998); Martinez 

v. Ylst, 951 F.2d 1153 (9th Cir. 1991).

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IT IS SO ORDERED.

Dated: December 4, 2023 

JEREMY D. PETERSON

UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE

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