Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-ca7-13-03148/USCOURTS-ca7-13-03148-0/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 320
Nature of Suit: Assault, Libel, and Slander
Cause of Action: 

---

In the 

United States Court of Appeals 

For the Seventh Circuit IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIP

%=P24M4259P

	P	> 	=>P

 %."">P

',

P	PP$P

P>P

  %$."" %$=P

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIP

&&"P(%#P*P$*P**)P)*(*P%+(*P%(P*P

%(*($P)*(*P%P	""$%)>P)*($P,)%$=P

%=P23PP7925POP

		>/
&=P

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIP

P	P29> 3125 O 	P
P3:> 3126P

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIP

%(P >P >P $P 
	>/ #&%/

&$=P

>/ #&%/ 
&=P 	$*(%$P %"+*%$)>P -P

&(%,)P (/"$P )(,)P %(P "*(%$P ,)>P $P

)"P*%$P*-%(!P ABP *%P,"+*P*)P+)$))=P 	$*(M

%$P )!P P *%P (*/P*P )P $P $,(%$#$*""/P ($"/P

%&(*%$=P P %$"+>P %-,(>P **P 	$*(%$P )&)P

0(%+)P-)*P*%P$>P*%P(#)P**P+)P#*%)P%P)M

&%)"P **P ,%"*P *P &%"/P %P 	""$%)>P -(P 	$*(%$P )P

Case: 13-3148 Document: 53 Filed: 06/29/2015 Pages: 8
3P %=P24M4259P

)>P$P(P$%$))*$*P-*P 	$*(%$F)P&+"P (&()$M

**%$)P %+*P*)P &(*)=PP %##+$*P *)P %$"+M

)%$P *%P *-%P $)P A%$P )**P $P %$P ("BP $P *%P *P

&+"=P 	$*(%$P ()&%$P-*P *)P #*%$P *%$P +$M

(P *P ,()*/P +()*%$=P P %#&"$*>P )P %$P 	""M

$%)P "->P "")P **P F)P )**#$*)P (P ")>P $P **P

P!$%-)P*#P*%PP")=P

PP )P P )$*%$P %(&%(*%$P -*P *)P &($&"P

&"P %P +)$))P $P **"=P P &(*)P (P **P F)P

)**#$*)P -(P #P $P )$*%$P +*P -(P (+"*P

-"/P$P 	""$%)P A$P *%$P *%P $P )$*P (*"/P *%P *-%P

$)BP$P**P	""$%)P"-P*(%(P%,($)P*P#M

*%$P "#=P +*P$P $)-(P *%P *P %#&"$*P P ))(*P P

$)P )P %$P )$*%$F)P $*MP )**+*>P P

KKP5=35=621>P5=35=636=P*%$P5=35=621P)P*P$*%$F)P()*P$*M

P "->P $*P $P 2:9:@P K5=35=636P -)P P $P 3121=P

P %$*$>P $P *P )*(*P %+(*P ">P **P 	""$%)P

A-%)P"-P %,($)P %M%M"-P))+)BP-%+"P ,P P

*P $*P %P *)P $)P +$(P )$*%$P "-P +)P

P)P)P$P)$*%$P$P#P*)P)**#$*)P*(=P

:7:P=P+&&=P3P2137>P2145N47PA==P	""=P3124B=P

P)*$)P%(PG)*(*P"-)+*P$)*P&+"P&(*M

&*%$=HP
$/P )**)P,P%$"+P **P )%#P *%$)P %(P

#*%$P A$P P -P %*(P *%(*)BP (P ">P $%*P *%P &(,">P

+*P*%P#&%)P%$P*P)&!(P*P%)*)P%P$)>P-P$P

P )+)*$*"=P P %#)P =P +(!>P  %./ %%! 

=P9PA3125BPA%""*$P)**P")"*%$B=P$P$*MP)**M

+*P )P P )&"0P ,()%$P %P *P *%(*P %P +)P %P &(%))>P

)$P *%P(+P$)P%)*)P/P(*$P$P)%"+*P%(P

'+"P##+$*/>P$PA$P),("P)**)BP/P('+($P("/P

)&%)*%$P%PP#%*%$P*%P)#))=PP$$*P**P&(,")P

Case: 13-3148 Document: 53 Filed: 06/29/2015 Pages: 8
%=P24M4259P 4P

%$P)+PP#%*%$P+)+""/P)P$**"P*%P(%,(P*)P%)*)P%P"*M

*%$P$P#/PP$**"P*%P#)P)P-""=P

P )$*%$P $*MP )**+*P &(%,)P %*P $P

##+$*/P$PP('+(#$*P%P("/P)&%)*%$P%$PP&&(P

(%(=P*%$P5=35=621P,)P *P$$*P##+$*/P (%#P

""*/P %(P )**#$*)P %##+$*P *%P P %,($#$*"P

%/=P P )*(*P %+(*P %)(,P **P *)P %)P $%*P %,(P

)**#$*)P**PP#P(*"/P*%P*P&+"P%(P*%P	$*(M

%$F)P +)$))P (,")=P :7:P =P +&&=P 3P *P 2147N4:=P *%$P

5=35=636>P/P%$*()*>P&&")P *%PGCD$/P%("P)**#$*P#>P

%(P-(**$P)**#$*P%(P%*(P%+#$*P)+#**>P$PP&"P

%&$P *%P *P&+"P %(P P&+"P %(+#P$P%$$*%$P-*P $P

))+P %P &+"P %$($H=P P K5=35=636A3BAB=P %M($"/P

(/"$P)P$P))+P%P&+"P%$($>P)%PK5=35=636P&&")P*%P

""P%PF)P&+"P)**#$*)=P

*%$P 5=35=636A5BABP&(#*)P P$$*P *%P "P P G)&M

"P#%*%$P*%P)*(!HP*P%#&"$*>P%#&$P/PM

,*)P $P %*(P%+#$*)P )%-$P **P *P "#P G)P )P

%$P $P *%$P $,%",$P &+"P &(*&*%$P $P &**%$=HP

$/P )**#$*P -*$P *P )%&P %P K5=35=636A3BP #*)P *)P

)*$(=P 	P *P $)P )%-)P *)>P *$P *P +P #+)*P

)#))P *P )+*P +$"))P *P &"$*P $P G)*")P /P "(P

$P %$,$$P ,$P P &(%"*/P %P &(,"$P %$P *P

"#=HP *%$P 5=35=636A6BP ('+()P .&*P *%$?P *P

%+(*P#+)*P%"P P($P-*$P 41P/)P $P))+P PM

)%$P-*$P 8P/)P%P *P($=P$$P *P($P $P

)%$>P""P)%,(/P)P)*/PAK5=35=636A6BABB=P	P*P%+(*P

($*)P *P #%*%$>P *P $$*P (%,()P **%($/)FP )>P

%)*)>P$PP&$"*/P)PP)P;21>111PAK5=35=636A7BB=P

P )*(*P %+(*P "$P *%P (+"P %$P F)P #%*%$>P

%"$P **P P )&"P#%*%$P *%P )*(!P)P$%#&*"P-*P

Case: 13-3148 Document: 53 Filed: 06/29/2015 Pages: 8
5P %=P24M4259P

*P ("P +")P %P ,"P (%+(=P :7:P =P +&&=P 3P *P

2152N66=P P %+(*P ("P &(*+"("/P %$P +"P 23AB>P-P

)/)P**>PPP#%*%$P()&%$$P*%PP%#&"$*P$"+)P$/P

,$>P G*P#%*%$P#+)*P P *(*P )P %$P %(P )+##(/P

 +#$*P +$(P +"P 67=HP F)P #%*%$P $"+P ),("P

+$(P&)P%P,*)P$P%*(P%+#$*)=P

("P (+")P &(,"P $P ("P %+(*=P >P ==>P */

#!'/
#%!"/$$!%$-/,,/',/$%%/ 	 $&# /!=>P66:P

==P 4:4P A3121B@P #/ ',/ #!/ %/ !#"=>P 557P ==P 851P

A2:91B@P  / ',/ &#>P 491P ==P 571P A2:76B=P %$())P $P

"*(P ("P &"$P )*$()P $P %)%$""/P %)P )%>P

)P $-/ 	 ,/ ',/ !#/ 	$$&$/ +/ %$-/ %=>P 662P ==P 419P

A3118BPA(,*P+(*)P**%$P%(#P*P%P2::6B>P+*P

)**)P"!PP%#&("P&%-(=P	*P%""%-)>P*P)*(*P%+(*P

">P **P K5=35=636P $$%*P P &&"P$P ("P )+*)>P,$P

*%+P )%#P )&*)P %P *P )**+*>P )+P )P *P "(M$M

%$,$$M,$P )*$(>P $P &(%,)%$)P %(P M

)*$P$P&$"*)>P(P)+)*$*,P$P$*+(=P

P##*"/P &&"P (%#P *P )*(*P %+(*F)P %(M

(P$/$P*)P#%*%$P*%P)#))P*P%#&"$*=P	*P("P$P

&(*P%$PK5=35=636A6BAB>P-P)/)P**PGCD,(/P&(*/P)PP

(*P%P.&*P&&"P(%#PP*("P%+(*P%((HP()%",$P

P)&"P#%*%$P*%P)*(!>P$P$P&(*P%$P*P%""*("M%((

%*($P %P! / ',/  / 	 &$%#/ ! /!#"=>P 448P==P

652P A2:5:B=P*P *P%("P(+#$*P%P *)P&&">P##()P%P

*P&$"P.&())P )!&*)#P %+*P &&""*P +()*%$>P

$%*$P**P)**P)**+*)P$$%*P.&$PA%(P%$*(*BP("P

 +()*%$P$P **P *P+&(#P%+(*P)P$P+$-""$P

$P ($*P /()P *%P .&$P *P )%&P %P *P %""*("M%((P

%*($=P >P ==>P !(/ 	 &$%#$-/ 	 ,/ ',/ #" %#>P 669P

==P211PA311:B=PF)P#%*%$>P(P(%#P$PG%""*("HP*%P

Case: 13-3148 Document: 53 Filed: 06/29/2015 Pages: 8
%=P24M4259P 6P

*P #(*)>P )P $P %(*P *%P -$P %+*(*=P P $)P ()P

(%#PP%""*("P#**(=P>P==>P %/%%$/',/! >P

546P==P961P A2:89B=P 	$)*P%P)#))$P *P&&"P##M

*"/>P %-,(>P *P %+(*P ((P *%$P *%P ,P *P &(M

*)P *#P *%P )!P %(P (**%$P +$(P 39P ===P K23:3AB=P

%$0$P**P*PP*!$P))P%$P$P#&%(*$*P$PM

*"P))+P **P)P%&$P$P *P,$*P(+*>P *P)*(*

%+(*P(*P*)P%((P%(P$*("%+*%(/P(,->P$P-PM

P*%P&*P*P&&"P%$P**P)**+*F)P+*%(*/=P

**()P (#$P%$P *P!P+($(>P%-,(>P+)P

*P+&(#P%+(*P%P)$*%$PP(P*%P(PP)P

&()$*$P *P '+)*%$P-*(P K5=35=636P %+"P P%#M

&%)P $*%P &(%+("P $P )+)*$*,P %#&%$$*)=P 	P **P

-(P&%))">P-P *%+*>P*P#*P %#P+$$))(/P *%P

())P *P '+)*%$P -*(P K5=35=636P %$"*)P -*P +"P

23ABP$P%*(P*+()P%P*P,"P+")>PP)+ *P**P)

&(%+P)(#$*P#%$P&&""*P +)PA%(P)**+*)P

"!P)$*%$F)>PP$%*P%(PK5=35=636P*)"B=P%#&(P!.

 )/# -/ 	 ,/ ',/!!"$/>P 843P=4P :47>P :52N53P A:*P(=P

3124B@P #%*/ * #$%$/ 	 ,/ ',/ #!!/ %,>P 829P =4P 249>P

263N65P A3P (=P 3124B@P ! / ',/  $>P 73:P =4P 8:>P 99N:3P

A2)*P(=P3121B@P$P #*/',//#$/# /#$$/>P

677P =4P 275>P 292N93P A6*P (=P 311:BP A""P *(P %"$P **P

)**P $*MP "-)P #/P P &&"P *P *P )+##(/P

 +#$*P)*P%(P+)$P)**P&(%+("P (+")P(*"/P$P P

("P )B>P -*P $/ ',/ !# / !*/ #!&"-/ >P 894P

=4P2439>P2445N46PA==P(=P3126B@P/',/#&"/ '#.

$%*-/>P847P=4P2291>P2299N:3PA:*P(=P3124BPA*%(>P
=>P

 %$P/P%0$)!>P0P<P>P

=>P))$*$P(%#P*P$M

"P%P(($P$P$BPA%$"+$P**P)**P"-)P#+)*PP

&&"P )P -(**$>P -P +)+""/P#$)P **P )**+*)P )+P

)PK5=35=636P$$%*PP+)P$P("P%+(*B=P

Case: 13-3148 Document: 53 Filed: 06/29/2015 Pages: 8
7P %=P24M4259P

)$*%$F)P)*P%+(*P$%-P)P*>P$P%+(P)P

)P(/P%(P()%"+*%$=P'$/',/!)>P3126P)=P	P679PA=P

*=P )=P 
/P 39>P 3126B>P %")P **P K5=35=636P ,%"*)P *P

)**F)P %$)**+*%$P +)P K5=35=636A5BABP ('+()P P +P

*%P()%",P*+"P)&+*)P**P&(%&("/P"%$P*%PP +(/=P

P%+(*P&(%P$P*(P)*&)=P()*>P*P)!P-*M

(PK5=35=636A5BABP$PP+$()*%%P)PP %(#P%P)+##(/M

 +#$*P &(*=P A,("P ("P %+(*)P %P &&")P ,P

*(*P )**P $*MP )**+*)P **P -/>P $P P )P

)!P+)P *%P%P)%P *%%=BPP%+(*P"P **PP)&"P#%*%$P

*%P )*(!P )P $%*P P ,($*P %P )+##(/P +#$*>P +)P *P

('+()P +)P*%P()%",P#*("P*+"P)&+*)P%$PP&M

&(P (%(>P-P *P )+##(/P +#$*P )*$(P&(%M

*)=P3126P)=P	P679P*PJJP26N39=PA)$*%$F)P(+"P%$P

-$P)+##(/P +#$*P#/PP($*P)P$*"P*%PM

("P&(*=BP'$P"P**P! )/# PP#)+$(M

)*%%P K5=35=636A5BABP $P %"$P **P *P $P P *(*P )P P

%(#P%P)+##(/P +#$*=P

%$>P'$P"P**PP('+(#$*P**P +)P()%",P

*+"P)&+*)P%$P P&&(P (%(P,%"*)P *P (*P *%P *("P

/P +(/=P 3126P )=P 	P 679P *P JJP3:N47=P A	$>P

K5=35=636A5BABP-%+"P P &(%"#*P ,$PP *(P-(P $%P

 +(/P(*>P%(>P-$P$P))+P)P%##**P*%PP +>PP*("

%(P($P %*$P-""P P$))(/P *%P (,P *)*#%$/P $P

,"+*P("*/P*(P%&&%(*+$*/P%(P(%))M.#$*%$=BP

$""/>P'$P"P**P*P()*P%PK5=35=636P)P$%*P),(M

"=P 3126P)=P 	P 679P *P JJP48N4:=P 	$P %*(P -%()>P *P

)+)*$*,P $P&(%+("P&(*)P%P K5=35=636P$$%*PPM

%#&%)=P)PP#**(P%P)$*%$P"->P*P+""P)**+*P)P

+$$%("=P

Case: 13-3148 Document: 53 Filed: 06/29/2015 Pages: 8
%=P24M4259P 8P

("P%+(*)P&&"/P*P-%"P%P)**P"->P$"+$P +M

"P)%$)P)+P)P'$>P$P,()*/P"**%$=P#/,,/

',/!" $>P 415P==P 75P A2:49B=P"*%+P ("P&(%+(P

&&")>P)P*/#!'>P-"P)**P"-P%,($)P)+)*$*,P

#**()P)+P)P*P"#$*)P%PP$)P$P*P+($P%P

&()+)%$>P '$P +*%(**,"/P %")P **P &(%+(P $P

)+)*$P $P K5=35=636P $$%*P P )$*$"=P 	P *)P )+*P

-(P&(%$P$P)**P%+(*>P$%$P%PK5=35=636P-%+"P&M

&"/O$%*P *)P +($M)*$P &&(%>P $%*P *)P "(M$M

%$,$$M,$P )*$(>P $%*P *)P M)*$P ('+(M

#$*>P$%*P*)P&$"*/>P$P$%*P*)PG)&"P#%*%$P*%P)*(!H=P

(P)P $%P (#$$P )**P )+)*$P **P %+"P P &M

&"P *(%+P *P "%))*P ("P &(%+("P ,)O*P

+"P 23ABP #%*%$P %(P +#$*P %$P *P &"$)P $P *P

+"P 67P#%*%$P %(P )+##(/P +#$*=P 	$>P-P +$(M

)*$P'$F)P$%$M),("*/P)%$P*%P#$P**>P,$P*P

P *(">P *P +($P %P &()+)%$P (#$)P -(P *P +)+""/P

")PA-*P*P&"$*P%(P*P"#$*)P%P*P"#>P$P-*P

*P$$*P %(P *P$($*)P%P $P (#*,P$)BP

$P *P )*$(P %P)%$P (#$)P *P&(&%$($P %P

*P,$=P

	""$%)P)P*)P%-$P$*MP)**+*>P846P	P221L2P*%P

221L46>P -P (*)P P '+"P ##+$*/P **P $P P (M

)%",P$P ("P%+(*P%$P P#%*%$P %(P )+##(/P +#$*P

%(P*P*("=PA846P	P221L31P%$*$)PP-P&(%+("P(+")>P

+*P */P (P (%#P K5=35=636>P $P P )P $%*P $,%!P

*#@P$>P*P%)P$%*P#$*%$P *P 	""$%)P)**+*P*P""=B

P*(%(P((,P*P*P)#P%+*%#P)P*P)*(*P%+(*>P

+*P %$P *P %"$P %P '$P (*(P *$P *P )*(*P %+(*F)P

()%$)=P)P(+*F)P()%"+*%$P%P'+)*%$)P%+*P%-P*P

Case: 13-3148 Document: 53 Filed: 06/29/2015 Pages: 8
9P %=P24M4259P

&(%+("P)&*)P%P%*(P)**)FP$*MP)**+*)P-%(!P

$P("P%+(*P-""P,P*%P-*P)%#P%*(P)=P

P &&"*%$P %(P ",P *%P &&"P +$(P §23:3ABP )P

($*>P$P*P)%$P)P

	
=P

Case: 13-3148 Document: 53 Filed: 06/29/2015 Pages: 8