Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-ca3-08-04692/USCOURTS-ca3-08-04692-0/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 555
Nature of Suit: Prisoner - Prison Condition
Cause of Action: 

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DLD-096 NOT PRECEDENTIAL

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT

___________

Nos. 08-4329 & 08-4692

(consolidated)

___________

CHRISTOPHER WASHINGTON-EL,

 Appellant

v.

DAVID DIGUGLIELMO; JOHN MURRAY; A.S. WILLIAMSON; 

GARY OLINGER; MICHAEL LORENZO; THOMAS DOHMAN, 

sued in their individual and official capacities

____________________________________

On Appeal From the United States District Court

For the Eastern District of Pennsylvania

(E.D. Pa. Civ. No. 06-cv-04517)

District Judge: Honorable J. Curtis Joyner

_______________________________________

Submitted by the Clerk for Possible Dismissal 

Due to a Jurisdictional Defect

January 14, 2010 

Before: FUENTES, JORDAN and HARDIMAN, Circuit Judges

(Opinion Filed: February 16, 2010)

_________

 OPINION

_________

PER CURIAM

Case: 08-4692 Document: 003110021370 Page: 1 Date Filed: 02/16/2010
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Christopher Washington-El appeals from two orders entered by the District Court. 

We will dismiss his appeals for lack of appellate jurisdiction.

I.

Washington-El, a Pennsylvania state prisoner proceeding pro se, filed suit against

various Department of Corrections personnel seeking damages under 42 U.S.C. § 1983

and Pennsylvania state law. Washington-El alleges that defendants violated his rights: (1)

under the First Amendment to freely exercise his religion; (2) under the First Amendment

to access the courts; (3) under the Eighth Amendment to be free from cruel and unusual

punishment; and (4) under the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to procedural due

process.

By Memorandum and Order entered August 1, 2008, the District Court granted

summary judgment in favor of all defendants on all of Washington-El’s claims but his

first, holding that Washington-El had raised issues of material fact regarding his Free

Exercise claim. The District Court did not enter judgment in favor of the defendants

under Rule 54(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The District Court referred the

case to a Magistrate Judge to explore settlement. 

The Magistrate Judge then conducted a mediation conference, at which the parties

reached an agreement purportedly allowing Washington-El to withdraw his remaining

claim without prejudice and immediately appeal the partial grant of summary judgment to

Case: 08-4692 Document: 003110021370 Page: 2 Date Filed: 02/16/2010
 The transcript of the conference is available at entry 63 of the District Court’s docket. 1

Pages 13 through 21 of the transcript, however, appear to record proceedings conducted

in a different case involving different parties. 

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this Court. Under the agreement, Washington-El would withdraw his remaining claim 1

without prejudice to his ability to assert it in a new action if his appeal proved

unsuccessful. Washington-El filed a motion to withdraw his remaining claim pursuant to

the agreement, and the District Court granted the motion by order entered October 15,

2008. The order memorialized the terms of the parties’ agreement allowing WashingtonEl to refile his Free Exercise claim within 90 days of a ruling by this Court and dismissed

that claim without prejudice to his right to do so. The order also directed the District

Court Clerk to mark the case closed for statistical purposes. Washington-El then filed a

notice of appeal from the District Court’s order granting partial summary judgment (C.A.

No. 08-4329). 

Washington also filed a motion in the District Court to proceed to trial solely

against defendant Lorenzo, whom he asserted was not included in the District Court’s

partial grant of summary judgment. The District Court denied that motion by order

entered November 17, 2008. The District Court clarified that it had indeed granted partial

summary judgment in favor of defendant Lorenzo and concluded that Washington-El’s

motion was moot in light of his appeal. Washington-El then filed a notice of appeal from

that order as well (C.A. 08-4692), and we consolidated his two appeals. 

II.

Case: 08-4692 Document: 003110021370 Page: 3 Date Filed: 02/16/2010
 By its order of October 15, the District Court clearly intended to resolve the litigation 2

so that Washington-El could appeal its earlier order granting partial summary judgment. 

The District Court, however, did not cite Rule 54(b), expressly determine that “there is no

just reason for delay” as required by Rule 54(b), or discuss any considerations relevant to

that issue. See Berckeley Inv. Group, Ltd. v. Colkitt, 455 F.3d 195, 202-03 (3d Cir. 2006)

(discussing Berckeley Inv. Group, 259 F.3d at 140-44). Thus, we will not treat its

October 15 order as an entry of judgment under Rule 54(b). See id. 

4

All parties believe that we have appellate jurisdiction. We have an independent

obligation to assure ourselves of jurisdiction, however, because our jurisdiction is

conferred and limited by statute and cannot be conferred by the consent of the parties. 

See Penn West Assocs., Inc. v. Cohen, 371 F.3d 118, 126 (3d Cir. 2004); Berckeley Inv.

Group, Ltd. v. Colkitt, 259 F.3d 135, 139 (3d Cir. 2001). In the absence of exceptions not

relevant here, we have jurisdiction to review only final orders of the District Court—i.e.,

those that resolve all claims against all parties and leave nothing for the District Court to

do but execute the judgment. See Morton Int’l, Inc. v. A.E. Stanley Mfg. Co., 460 F.3d

470, 476 (3d Cir. 2006). When a District Court resolves only some claims against the

defendants but another claim remains, the order is not final and is not appealable unless

the District Court properly enters judgment under Rule 54(b). See id.; Fed. R. Civ. P.

54(b). The District Court did not do so in this case. 

2

An order resolving only some claims also may become final if a plaintiff

withdraws his or her remaining claims with prejudice. See Erie County Retirees Ass’n v.

County of Erie, 220 F.3d 193, 201-02 (3d Cir. 2000). The dismissal of a remaining claim

without prejudice, however, does not produce finality. See Morton Int’l, 460 F.3d at 476-

Case: 08-4692 Document: 003110021370 Page: 4 Date Filed: 02/16/2010
 There is an exception to this rule when “the statute of limitations has run by the time 3

the court orders dismissal without prejudice.” Brennan v. Kulick, 407 F.3d 603, 606 (3d

Cir. 2005). That exception does not apply here because the District Court permitted

Washington-El to refile his claim within 90 days of this Court’s ruling, and satisfaction of

that condition would toll the statute of limitations. See id. at 607.

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77. That is true even if the dismissal is without prejudice to the plaintiff’s right to file a

new action rather than to reactivate the existing one. See id. at 478-81. That is also true 3

even when the order dismissing the remaining claim without prejudice directs the Clerk to

mark the case closed for statistical purposes. See id. at 481-82; Penn West Assocs., 371

F.3d at 128.

For these reasons, the District Court’s order granting partial summary judgment is

not final or appealable in its own right, and the District Court’s subsequent order

dismissing Washington-El’s remaining claim without prejudice did not render it final or

appealable. Nor has the District Court entered judgment in favor of the defendants under

Rule 54(b), certified any issue for immediate appeal under 28 U.S.C. § 1292(b), or taken

any other action that might give us jurisdiction to review its grant of partial summary

judgment. Accordingly, we must dismiss C.A. No. 08-4329. See Berckeley Inv. Group,

259 F.3d at 145-46; TMA Fund, Inc. v. Biever, 520 F.2d 639, 642 & n.4 (3d Cir. 1975). 

As for the appeal at C.A. No. 08-4692, the order at issue merely denied Washington-El’s

motion to proceed to trial against defendant Lorenzo and clarified that its grant of partial

summary judgment included that defendant. Thus, that order too is non-final, and we will

dismiss C.A. No. 08-4692 as well.

Case: 08-4692 Document: 003110021370 Page: 5 Date Filed: 02/16/2010
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The dismissal of these appeals is without prejudice to Washington-El’s right to

seek the entry of judgment pursuant to Rule 54(b) or other appropriate relief in the

District Court. See TMA Fund, 520 F.2d at 642 n.4. If Washington-El does so, the

District Court should expressly consider the relevant factors before making its

determination. See Berckeley Inv. Group, 455 F.3d at 202-204. We express no opinion

on whether the entry of judgment is warranted in this case. If the District Court enters

judgment under Rule 54(b), Washington-El may file a new appeal within thirty days

thereafter. See TMA Fund, 520 F.2d at 642 n.4. In that event, the appeal “may be heard

on the record and briefs prepared for the [instant] appeal[s], as supplemented by the new

judgment and certificate.” Id. In any such appeal, we would have to determine that the

entry of judgment was proper before reaching the merits of Washington-El’s claims. See

Gerardi v. Pelullo, 16 F.3d 1363, 1368 (3d Cir. 1994). Washington-El’s motions to file a

reply brief out of time, strike portions of the appellees’ brief, and file a non-conforming

reply brief and a supplemental appendix are denied without prejudice to his right to refile

them in any subsequent appeal arising in this case.

In sum, we will dismiss these consolidated appeals and remand to the District

Court for further proceedings.

Case: 08-4692 Document: 003110021370 Page: 6 Date Filed: 02/16/2010