Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-cand-4_16-cv-01071/USCOURTS-cand-4_16-cv-01071-0/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 840
Nature of Suit: Trademark
Cause of Action: 15:1051 Trademark Infringement

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 

NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 

SAN FRANCISCO DIVISION 

SPRINT SOLUTIONS, INC. a Delaware 

corporation, and SPRINT COMMUNICATIONS 

COMPANY L.P. a Delaware limited partnership, 

Plaintiffs, 

v. 

THOMAS BREWER, 

Defendant. 

Case No. 16-cv-01071-YGR 

FINAL JUDGMENT AND 

PERMANENT INJUNCTION 

AGAINST DEFENDANT THOMAS 

BREWER

Plaintiffs Sprint Solutions, Inc. and Sprint Communications Company L.P. (collectively, 

“Sprint” or “Plaintiffs”) brought the above-captioned lawsuit against Defendant Thomas Brewer 

(“Defendant”) because Defendant is engaged in an unlawful enterprise involving the unauthorized 

and deceptive bulk purchase and resale of specially-manufactured wireless telephones designed for 

use on Sprint’s wireless service, including the Sprint iPhone (collectively, “Sprint Phones” or 

“Sprint Handsets” or “Phones” or “Handsets”), the theft of Sprint’s substantial financial 

investment in the Phones, the unlawful unlocking of Sprint Phones, the unlawful access of Sprint’s 

protected computer systems and wireless network, the trafficking of Sprint’s protected and 

confidential computer passwords, and the willful infringement of Sprint’s trademarks (collectively, 

the “Bulk Handset Trafficking Scheme” or the “Scheme”). 

Sprint Phones are sold subject to terms and conditions (“Terms and Conditions”) which 

conspicuously restrict and limit the sale and use of the Phones and prohibit accessing Sprint’s 

network for illegal or harmful use. These Terms and Conditions are set forth in printed inserts that 

are packaged with each Phone and posted on Sprint’s website. Pursuant to the Terms and 

Conditions of Sprint Phones, purchasers agree, among other things: (a) to pay the applicable service 

charges and other related fees; (b) to activate the Sprint Phones on the Sprint CDMA network; (c) 

PURSUANT TO STIPULATION, 

AS MODIFIED BY THE COURT

Case 4:16-cv-01071-YGR Document 12 Filed 03/11/16 Page 1 of 11
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not to resell the Sprint Phones and related products and services; (d) not to use the Phones for a 

purpose that could damage or adversely affect Sprint; (e) not to engage in fraudulent conduct, 

falsification or impersonation; and (f) not to hack into Sprint’s computer systems. 

Further, as an employee for an authorized Sprint reseller, Defendant was tasked with, inter 

alia, soliciting customers to subscribe to Sprint services and selling Sprint Phones to those customers 

when they subscribed to Sprint’s wireless service or renewed their wireless services with Sprint. 

Instead of soliciting customers to subscribe to Sprint services, Defendant unlawfully procured brand 

new Sprint Phones and then resold them, without subscriptions to Sprint’s wireless service. 

Sprint has asserted claims against Defendant for breach of contract, unfair competition, 

tortious interference with business relationships and prospective advantage, civil conspiracy, 

unjust enrichment, common law fraud and fraudulent misrepresentation, federal trademark 

infringement under 15 U.S.C. § 1114, federal common law trademark infringement and false 

advertising under 15 U.S.C. § 1125(a)(1)(A) and (B), contributory trademark infringement, 

conversion, trafficking in computer passwords under 18 U.S.C. § 1030(a)(6), unauthorized access 

under 18 U.S.C. § 1030(a)(5)(C), and unauthorized access with intent to defraud under 18 

U.S.C. § 1030(a)(4). Based on the sworn testimony provided by the Defendant, the respective 

positions advocated by the parties, and having reviewed the Complaint and file and being 

otherwise duly and fully advised in the premises, it is hereby: 

ORDERED, ADJUDGED and DECREED that: 

1. This Court has jurisdiction over all the parties and all of the claims set forth in 

Sprint’s Complaint. 

2. Sprint has the right to use and enforce rights in the standard character Sprint® mark 

and stylized Sprint® Virgin Mobile, payLo, Assurance Wireless and Boost Mobile trademarks 

(collectively, the “Sprint Marks”), as depicted below: 

 

Based upon the stipulation of the parties filed March 9, 2016 (Dkt. No. 11)

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Sprint uses the Sprint Marks on and in connection with its telecommunications products and 

services. The Sprint Marks are valid, distinctive, protectable, famous, have acquired secondary 

meaning, and are associated exclusively with Sprint. 

3. The Court finds that the Terms and Conditions and the language in and on the 

packaging constitute a valid and binding contract enforceable between Sprint and each of its 

customers. The Court finds the Terms and Conditions set forth certain rights and restrictions on 

the use of Sprint Phones. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions: (a) require that the 

customer pay applicable service charges and other related fees; (b) indicate that the Phone is 

designed to be activated on the Sprint CDMA network; (c) prohibit resale of Sprint Phones and 

related products and services; (d) not to use the Phones for a purpose that could damage or adversely 

affect Sprint; (e) not to engage in fraudulent conduct, falsification or impersonation; and (f) not to 

hack into Sprint’s computer systems. 

4. The Court finds that Defendant agreed to be bound by the Terms and Conditions and 

breached his contract with Sprint. 

5. The Court finds that Defendant tortiously interfered with Sprint’s business 

relationships with its customers, namely, Fremont Fence Inc., Markus Supply – Ace Hardware, 

Eastwood Apartments, BSR Realty Inc., Genova Delicatessen, Teal Holdings LLC, Applied Air 

Filters, A and K Auto Body Filters, and Servin Co Fence Gate & Steele Fabricators. These 

customers were completely unaware of Defendant’s use of their accounts to procure brand new 

Sprint Phones. Defendant attempted to hide his unlawful and fraudulent conduct by having the 

brand new Sprint Phones shipped to his house and requested that Sprint direct all communications 

regarding the various fraudulent orders to his personal email address. On a few occasions, the Sprint 

Phones were actually shipped to the legitimate Sprint customer. When that occurred, the customer 

would contact Defendant, believing him to be a legitimate Sprint agent, and Defendant would tell the 

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customer that the phones were mistakenly shipped to the customer and Defendant would arrange to 

pick up the Sprint Phones from the customer. In actuality, the customer was billed for those brand 

new Sprint Phones. 

6. The Court finds that Defendant used the aforementioned accounts to unlawfully place 

60 orders for 376 brand new subsidized Sprint Phones with a total equipment value of $225,436.00. 

7. The Court finds that these 376 brand new subsidized Sprint Phones that were 

unlawfully obtained and resold by Defendant are materially different than those sold by Sprint. For 

instance, the warranty information is removed, which invalidates the warranty in its entirety. 

Furthermore, Defendant removed the Sprint Phones from the original packaging so that the Phones 

are sold in packaging that is not approved by Sprint’s quality controls. These materially different 

products that contain the Sprint Marks confuse consumers and erode consumer goodwill toward the 

Sprint Marks. Accordingly, by reselling the Sprint Phones in this manner, the Court finds that 

Defendant engaged in willful trademark infringement. 

8. The 376 fraudulently obtained, infringing Sprint Phones have the following electronic 

serial numbers (“ESN”)1: : 089610778206834072, 089609575007435832, 089610778206821257, 

089609831006775910, 089610778206886673, 089610675806624584, 089610778206699334, 

089609523807366533, 089609831006849142, 089610778206713698, 256691515304609555, 

256691515207562537, 256691515304609544, 256691515304609433, 256691515207602257, 

256691515304559378, 256691515304609840, 256691515207602272, 256691515304559241, 

256691515207602293, 256691515304609937, 256691515207562533, 256691515304559385, 

256691515304653449, 256691515304559253, 256691515304609417, 256691515304559257, 

256691515304609401, 256691515304559251, 256691515304608787, 256691515304559254, 

256691515304559125, 256691515304610088, 256691515207602261, 256691515304609811, 

256691515207602304, 256691515304609830, 256691515304559380, 256691515304626000, 

256691515304609554, 256691515304559460, 256691515304559648, 256691515304559689, 

 1 An electronic serial number or ESN is a numeric identifier that uniquely 

identifies a Sprint Phone. 

Case 4:16-cv-01071-YGR Document 12 Filed 03/11/16 Page 4 of 11
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256691515206375429, 256691515206375441, 256691515206375432, 256691515206390610, 

256691515206375320, 256691515206374274, 256691515206375443, 256691515206386209, 

256691515206386181, 256691515206386210, 256691515206309380, 256691515206308760, 

256691515206363513, 256691515206452599, 256691515206390631, 256691515206452612, 

256691515206386744, 256691515206386242, 256691515206362902, 256691515206308678, 

256691517505457731, 256691517505477384, 256691517505457736, 256691517505457745, 

256691517505453426, 256691515304609910, 256691515304610437, 256691515304609912, 

256691515207566185, 256691515207566409, 256691515304600082, 256691515304609890, 

256691515304599944, 256691515304600119, 256691515304609924, 256691517500031016, 

256691517500018192, 256691517500030982, 256691517500031028, 256691517500018177, 

256691517500031063, 256691517500018193, 256691517500018181, 256691517500031017, 

256691517500018180, 256691517505539937, 256691517505539888, 256691517505535013, 

256691517505544276, 256691517505542166, 256691515207567381, 256691515304539716, 

256691515304657942, 256691515304539785, 256691515304657939, 256691515304540532, 

256691515304657943, 256691515304539732, 256691515304539904, 256691515304670101, 

256691517502704962, 256691517503147574, 256691517503147576, 256691517503163456, 

256691517503163504, 256691517503163526, 256691517503146752, 256691517503147570, 

256691517503147637, 256691517503147639, 256691517503150710, 256691517503149971, 

256691517503150100, 256691517505584945, 256691517505584952, 256691517505584149, 

256691517505584265, 256691517505584257, 256691517503289401, 256691517503287433, 

256691518402196608, 256691518402196627, 256691518402196633, 256691518402196736, 

256691518402196738, 256691518402200865, 256691518402200867, 256691518402630406, 

256691518402630425, 256691518402630499, 256691518402630514, 256691518402630754, 

256691518402595202, 256691518402630518, 256691518402630745, 256691518402630774, 

256691518402630800, 256691514305657462, 256691514305650211, 256691514305657416, 

256691514305657476, 256691514305649669, 256691514305657449, 256691514305657448, 

256691514305657440, 256691514305657424, 256691514305657474, 256691518409015377, 

Case 4:16-cv-01071-YGR Document 12 Filed 03/11/16 Page 5 of 11
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256691518409509256, 256691518409509251, 256691518409509250, 256691518409509255, 

256691518409015395, 256691518409015399, 256691518409015415, 256691518409015416, 

256691518409509252, 256691518409013505, 256691518409013540, 256691518409012624, 

256691518409013396, 256691518409013401, 256691518409013399, 256691518409013577, 

256691518409013634, 256691518409013636, 256691518409013641, 256691518704671120, 

256691518704588912, 256691518704671091, 256691518704671111, 256691518704589352, 

256691518704671240, 256691518704556641, 256691518704405543, 256691518704405074, 

256691518704405041, 256691518704405028, 256691518704404768, 256691518704425843, 

256691518704408067, 256691518704407924, 256691518704407906, 256691518704407889, 

256691466105314450, 256691466105538432, 256691466105597201, 256691466105444963, 

256691466105601622, 256691466105404930, 089609472607550774, 089610650207734358, 

089610419808463733, 089609626207750792, 089609575008389158, 089610727008524121, 

089609549408411542, 089610419808463761, 089609626207751191, 089610419808414464, 

089610394207766405, 089609472607542129, 089610419808427649, 089609626207764115, 

089609472607542353, 089366272605788456, 089361383008395123, 256691496900353657, 

256691496900353878, 256691496900066080, 256691496900066146, 256691496900038808, 

256691496900020870, 256691466104359430, 256691466106826054, 256691466103772485, 

256691466107562857, 256691466104362790, 256691466104359426, 256691466107484754, 

256691466107354753, 256691466103686706, 256691466105665540, 256691466105636865, 

256691466104686614, 256691466105865792, 256691466106853459, 256691466106881649, 

256691466107537300, 256691466106826352, 256691466106882632, 256691466106513527, 

256691466106489929, 256691466106436646, 256691466107354003, 256691466107570817, 

256691507400139379, 256691496900553028, 256691496900553113, 256691496900493204, 

256691496900299831, 256691496900283494, 256691496900231705, 256691466105452816, 

256691466105715462, 256691496900602950, 089267098101269872, 256691466109836403, 

256691466509720374, 256691466110044450, 256691515202631945, 256691466105667173, 

256691466106330729, 256691496900201353, 256691496900233507, 256691496900017989, 

Case 4:16-cv-01071-YGR Document 12 Filed 03/11/16 Page 6 of 11
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256691496900352384, 256691515207536664, 256691515304814113, 256691515206891095, 

256691515304805783, 256691515207358066, 256691507300410935, 256691507600099074, 

256691507300410921, 256691515406902567, 256691515406326374, 256691515406358933, 

256691515205374360, 089128986206496309, 256691515206627922, 256691515405653861, 

256691515405653847, 256691515206439030, 256691515206694231, 256691515206715463, 

256691515206715528, 256691515206439280, 256691515206439257, 256691515206694677, 

256691515206715473, 256691515206438983, 256691515206431281, 256691515406693681, 

256691515406693633, 256691515406562146, 256691515406693669, 256691515406693652, 

256691517407476865, 256691517407476883, 256691517407476887, 256691517407477017, 

256691517407476856, 089792538109644327, 089792538109527348, 089792538109540660, 

089792538109458292, 089792538109603350, 089878528606324339, 089878528606297220, 

089877786202495603, 089877811802499430, 089877786202499331, 089877888602692649, 

089877786202589831, 089877811801591321, 089877939801577509, 089877939801577366, 

089877811801478996, 089877811801657174, 089877837401409590, 089877863001655430, 

089877863001540914, 089877863001413411, 089877863001651842, 089877837401396788, 

089779866209525584, 089877863001471872, 089877863001406547, 089877914207833974, 

089877786207407641, 089877914207873138, 089877786207419458, 089877786207419431, 

089877914207873107, 089877914207833653, 089877786207575873, 089877786207575637, 

089877786207435920, 089877709406899592, 089877786207407969, 089877786207436119, 

089877914207820631, 089877914207872916, 089877735005251095, 089877735005402998, 

089877760605338710, 089877863009642263, 089877863009655186, 089877888609713012, 

089877863009598505, and 089877811809008248. 

9. The Court finds that Defendant was engaged in a conspiracy with all subsequent 

purchasers of these 376 Sprint Phones as there is no legitimate way for any of these subsequent 

purchasers to obtain brand new subsidized Sprint Phones without executing and fulfilling the terms 

of a Sprint wireless service contract. 

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10. The Court finds that the totality of Defendant’s conduct constitutes unfair 

competition, tortious interference with business relationships and prospective advantage, civil 

conspiracy, unjust enrichment, common law fraud and fraudulent misrepresentation, federal 

trademark infringement under 15 U.S.C. § 1114, federal common law trademark infringement and 

false advertising under 15 U.S.C. § 1125(a)(1)(A) and (B), contributory trademark infringement, 

conversion, breach of contract, and violations of the federal Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, 18 

U.S.C. § 1030, et seq. 

11. Sprint has suffered damages, including loss of goodwill and damage to its reputation, 

as a result of Defendant’s conduct. On review and consideration of all relevant factors, Sprint is 

entitled to damages and injunctive relief on the claims as set forth in the Complaint. 

12. For each new Sprint Phone that Sprint sells, its investment and expected revenue from 

the Phone averages $1,919. When a new Sprint Phone is unlawfully trafficked by Defendant and 

his co-conspirators, Sprint loses its investment and does not receive the expected revenue, which 

reduces its profits and increases Sprint’s costs. Sprint’s damages resulting from Defendant’s 

acquisition and resale of new Sprint Phones add up to at least: $1,919 x 376 Sprint Phones = 

$721,544.00. In light of Defendant’s willful violations of the Lanham Act, and because Sprint’s 

damages uncovered by its investigation are modest compared to the likely damage caused by 

Defendant, the Court will treble these damages to $2,164,632.00. 

13. Final judgment is hereby entered against Defendant Thomas Brewer, and in favor of 

the Plaintiffs, on all of the claims set forth in Plaintiffs’ Complaint in the principal amount of Two 

Million, One Hundred and Sixty-Four Thousand, Six Hundred and Thirty-Two Dollars and Zero 

Cents ($2,164,632.00 (U.S.)), which shall bear interest at the legal rate, for which let execution 

issue forthwith. 

14. For all Sprint brands, now and in the future, including but not limited to Sprint, Sprint 

Prepaid, Boost Mobile, Virgin Mobile, PayLo and Assurance Wireless, Defendant and all of his past 

and present agents, employees, heirs, personal representatives, beneficiaries, relatives, and all other 

persons or entities acting or purporting to act for Defendant or on Defendant’s behalf, including, 

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but not limited to, any corporation, partnership, proprietorship or entity of any type that is in any 

way affiliated or associated with Defendant or Defendant’s representatives, agents, assigns, parent 

entities, employees, independent contractors, associates, servants, affiliated entities, and any and 

all persons and entities in active concert and participation with Defendant who receive notice of 

this Order, shall be and hereby are PERMANENTLY ENJOINED from: 

a. acquiring, purchasing, selling, unlocking, reflashing, altering, advertising, 

soliciting and/or shipping, directly or indirectly, any new Sprint Phones; 

b. accessing, directly or indirectly through a third-party, any websites, 

computers, software programs or any other location or application, for the purpose of 

checking, verifying, changing, modifying, cleaning or clearing an electronic serial 

number, mobile equipment identifier (MEID), International Mobile Station Equipment 

Identity (IMEI) or any other unique identifier for a mobile device (collectively, “ESN 

check”); 

c. supplying Sprint Phones to or facilitating or in any way assisting other 

persons or entities who Defendant knows or should know are engaged in the purchase or 

sale of Sprint Phones or hacking, altering, erasing, tampering with, deleting or otherwise 

disabling the software installed in Sprint Phones; 

d. acquiring, advertising or reselling Sprint services; 

e. engaging in any of the conduct described in the Complaint as the “Bulk 

Handset Theft and Trafficking Scheme;” 

f. communicating with Sprint or its representatives or Sprint customers for or 

in connection with Sprint products or services; 

g. accessing Sprint’s computer networks either directly or through a Sprint 

representative or customer or a third-party; 

h. supplying Sprint Phones to or facilitating or in any way assisting other 

persons or entities who Defendant knows or should know are engaged in any of the acts 

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prohibited under this Permanent Injunction, including, without limitation, the buying 

and/or selling of Sprint Phones; 

i. knowingly using the Sprint Marks or any other trademark, service mark, 

trade name and/or trade dress owned or used by Sprint now or in the future, or that is 

likely to cause confusion with Sprint’s Marks, without Sprint’s prior written authorization; 

j. holding himself out as being associated with, employed by or on behalf of, 

or acting as an agent, representative or authorized partner of Sprint; and 

k. advertising any products or services that have any purported connection to 

Sprint or any of Sprint’s affiliates. 

15. The last known address of Defendant Thomas Brewer is 20885 Redwood Road, #312, 

Castro Valley, California 94546. 

16. Defendant waives any and all rights to challenge the validity of this Final Judgment in 

this Court or in any other court, and specifically waives his right of appeal from the entry of this 

Final Judgment. 

17. The purchase, sale or shipment of any Sprint Phones or engaging in any ESN checks 

without Sprint’s prior written consent within and/or outside of the continental United States is and 

shall be deemed a presumptive violation of this Permanent Injunction. 

18. The Court retains jurisdiction over this matter and the parties to this action to enforce 

any violation of the terms of this Permanent Injunction by a finding of contempt and an order for 

payment of compensatory damages to Plaintiffs in an amount of $5,000 for each ESN check 

conducted and/or every new Sprint Phone that Defendant is found to have acquired, purchased, 

sold and/or unlocked in violation of this Injunction 

The Court finds that these amounts are compensatory and will serve to compensate Sprint for its 

losses in the event Defendant violates the terms of this Order. 

for a period of one year from entry of judgment.

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19. The Court hereby finds, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 54(b), that there is no just reason 

for delay and orders that Judgment shall be entered against Defendant as set forth herein. 

 DONE AND ORDERED this ___ day of ______________, 201__. 

_______________________________________ 

UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE 

Copies furnished to: 

All Parties and Counsel of Record 

YVONNE GONZALEZ ROGERS 11th March 6

Case 4:16-cv-01071-YGR Document 12 Filed 03/11/16 Page 11 of 11