Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-casd-3_09-cv-00412/USCOURTS-casd-3_09-cv-00412-0/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 550
Nature of Suit: Prisoner - Civil Rights (U.S. defendant)
Cause of Action: 42:1983 Prisoner Civil Rights

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

DAVID EARL PARMER,

CDCR #G-35622,

Civil No. 09-0412 DMS (NLS)

Plaintiff, ORDER: 

1) DENYING PLAINTIFF’S

MOTION FOR EMERGENCY

TRANSFER [Doc. No. 24] 

AND 

2) PROVIDING PLAINTIFF NOTICE

OF DEFENDANTS’ MOTION TO

DISMISS PURSUANT TO 

WYATT v. TERHUNE

AND SETTING REVISED

BRIEFING SCHEDULE

vs.

ISAIAH ALVAREZ; 

PEDRO CUEVAS,

Defendants.

On September 29, 2009, Defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss Plaintiff’s Amended

Complaint pursuant to FED.R.CIV.P. 12(b) and 12(b)(6) [Doc. No. 18]. Defendants move to

dismiss, in part, on grounds that Plaintiff failed to exhaust administrative remedies prior to suit

pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a). Plaintiff has yet to file any opposition; however on November

19, 2009, Plaintiff submitted an ex parte “Motion for Emergency Transfer” [Doc. No. 24],

attached to which is a document entitled “Supplemental Report on Emergency Transfer” [Doc.

No. 24-1].

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I. 

Plaintiff’s Motion for Emergency Transfer

In his Motion, Plaintiff requests a transfer from California State Prison- Sacramento

(“CSP-SAC”) where he has been incarcerated since April 2009. Plaintiff claims he is a “Level

Three” prisoner who requires a wheelchair, but is in a “Level Four non-ADA approved prison”

which is not a “physically or mentally safe place for him.” See Pl.’s Suppl. at 4. Plaintiff claims

to have made “safety inquiries” to the Warden at CSP-SAC, only to be “called out” and harassed

as a result by two CSP-SAC Correctional Counselors. Id. 

When Plaintiff initiated this action, he was incarcerated at Richard J. Donovan

Correctional Facility (“RJD”). See Pl.’s Compl. [Doc. No. 1]. In his Amended Complaint,

which is the operative pleading, Plaintiff claims two RJD officials, Alvarez and Cuevas, used

excessive force against him while he was incarcerated at RJD. (Amend. Compl. at 2-3.) Alvarez

and Cuevas are the only named Defendants and the only parties who have been served. 

Because Plaintiff is proceeding without counsel, the Court liberally construes his request

for an emergency transfer as a Motion for injunctive relief pursuant to FED.R.CIV.P. 65. See

Bernhardt v. Los Angeles County, 339 F.3d 920, 925 (9th Cir. 2003) (“Courts have a duty to

construe pro se pleadings liberally, including pro se motions as well as complaints.”). 

A. Standard of Review 

The Prison Litigation Reform Act, 18 U.S.C. § 3626 (PLRA), limits the court’s power

to grant preliminary injunctive relief to inmates. Gilmore v. People of the State of California,

220 F.3d 987, 998 (9th Cir. 2000).

The court shall not grant or approve any prospective relief unless

the court finds that such relief is narrowly drawn, extends no further

than necessary to correct the violation of a Federal right, and is the

least intrusive means necessary to correct the violation of the

Federal right. The court shall give substantial weight to any adverse

impact on public safety or the operation of a criminal justice system

caused by the relief.

18 U.S.C. § 3626(a)(1)(A) (emphasis added). “Section 3626(a) ... operates simultaneously to

restrict the equity jurisdiction of federal courts and to protect the bargaining power of prison

administrators– no longer may courts grant or approve relief that binds prison administrators to

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 do more than the constitutional minimum.” Id. at 999. Even before the PLRA, however, courts

reserved injunctive relief only to clear and plain cases. Rizzo v. Goode, 423 U.S. 362, 378

(1976).

The purpose of preliminary injunctive relief is to preserve the status quo or to prevent

irreparable injury pending the resolution of the underlying claim. Sierra On-line, Inc. v. Phoenix

Software, Inc., 739 F.2d 1415, 1422 (9th Cir. 1984). When seeking injunctive relief, the moving

party must show either “(1) a likelihood of success on the merits and the possibility of

irreparable injury or (2) the existence of serious questions going to the merits and the balance

of hardships tipping in [the movant’s] favor.” Nike, Inc. v. McCarthy, 379 F.3d 576, 580 (9th

Cir. 2004) ( internal quotations omitted). “These two alternatives represent extremes of a single

continuum, rather than two separate tests. Thus, the greater the relative hardship to [the

movant], the less probability of success must be shown.” Walczak v. EPL Prolong, Inc., 198

F.3d 725, 731 (9th Cir. 1999) (internal quotations omitted). Under either test, the movant bears

the burden of persuasion. Mattel, Inc. v. Greiner & Hausser GmbH, 354 F.3d 857, 869 (9th Cir.

2003).

B. Application to Plaintiff’s Case

Here, Plaintiff seeks injunctive relief against individuals who are not named parties to this

lawsuit– the Warden and two correctional counselors at CSP-SAC. However, the Court has no

personal jurisdiction over these individuals. See, e.g., Jackson v. Hayakawa, 682 F.2d 1344,

1347 (9th Cir.1982) (defendant must be served in accordance with FED.R.CIV.P. 4 or court has

no personal jurisdiction over that defendant). “A federal court may issue an injunction if it has

personal jurisdiction over the parties and subject matter jurisdiction over the claim; it may not

attempt to determine the rights of persons not before the court.” Zepeda v. United States

Immigration Service, 753 F.2d 719, 727 (9th Cir. 1985) (emphasis added). 

Neither Defendant Alvarez nor Defendant Cuevas–two correctional officers at RJD in San

Diego, are alleged to have the ability to effect Plaintiff’s transfer or direct the actions of any staff

at CSP-SAC. More importantly, this Court does not have jurisdiction over any staff at CSP-SAC

as they are not parties in this lawsuit.

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Accordingly, even if Plaintiff could demonstrate a likelihood of success or irreparable

injury, this Court is powerless to order the injunctive relief he seeks. Id.

In addition, Plaintiff raises issues in his Motion for Emergency Transfer which are not

raised in his Amended Complaint. A preliminary injunction may be granted only when the

“intermediate relief [is] of the same character as that which may be granted finally.” De Beers

Consol. Mines v. U.S., 325 U.S. 212, 220 (1945); see also Johnson v. Couturier, 572 F.3d 1067,

1084 (9th Cir. 2009) (noting that injunction was inappropriate in DeBeers because the court

lacked jurisdiction); see also Kaimowitz v. Orlando, 122 F.3d 41, 43 (11th Cir. 1997) (court

should not issue an injunction if injunction deals with a matter lying wholly outside the issues

in the underlying action); see also Devose v. Herrington, 42 F.3d 470, 471 (8th Cir. 1994) (to

obtain injunctive relief, the party “must necessarily establish a relationship between the injury

claimed in the party’s motion and the conduct asserted in the complaint.”). 

In his Motion, Plaintiff claims he has been “on hold” for a standard transfer since April

seeks a transfer from CSP-SAC because the facility cannot appropriately accommodate his

disability in the same way other institutions can. See Pl.’s Mot. at 2.) Plaintiff claims he is

“always having to find someone to carry [his] [wheel]chair down the stairs,” and that this is both

“dangerous” and “inconvenient.” (Id.) These allegations and the relief sought are completely

unrelated to Plaintiff’s pending Eighth Amendment claims of excessive force arising at RJD

prior to his transfer to CSP-SAC. 

Accordingly, because the Court lacks personal jurisdiction over the parties at CSP-SAC

Plaintiff seeks to enjoin and his request for injunctive relief in the form of a court-ordered

transfer to another institution lies wholly outside the issues raised in his Amended Complaint,

his Motion for Emergency Transfer is DENIED. See DeBeers, 325 U.S. at 220; Johnson, 572

F.3d at 1084; Kaimowitz, 122 F.3d at 43.

/ / /

/ / /

/ / /

/ / /

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II.

Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss – Wyatt Notice

Further, the Court notes that in their Motion to Dismiss, Defendants claim that Plaintiff’s

Amended Complaint fails to state an excessive force claim upon which relief can be granted, that

they are entitled to qualified immunity and that Plaintiff has failed to exhaust his administrative

remedies before filing suit as is required by 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a). See Defs.’ Mot. [Doc. No.

18] at 4-8. 

“In deciding a motion to dismiss for a failure to exhaust nonjudicial remedies, the court

may look beyond the pleadings and decide disputed issues of fact.” Wyatt v. Terhune, 315 F.3d

1108, 1119-20 (9th Cir. 2003) (citing Ritza v. Int’l Longshoremen’s & Warehousemen’s Union,

837 F.2d 365, 369 (9th Cir. 1988) (per curiam)). If the court looks beyond the pleadings when

deciding a motion to dismiss for failure to exhaust, “a procedure closely analogous to summary

judgment,” the Court “must assure that [the plaintiff] has fair notice of his opportunity to

develop a record.” Id. at 1120 n.14; see also Marella v. Terhune, 568 F.3d 1024, 1028 (9th Cir.

2009) (remanding case to district court where court failed to “effectively give [plaintiff] fair

notice that he should have submitted evidence regarding exhaustion of administrative

remedies.”)

As noted above, Plaintiff has not filed any Opposition to Defendants’ Motion.

Accordingly, Plaintiff is hereby provided with notice that Defendants have asked the Court to

dismiss his case in part because he failed to exhaust administrative remedies pursuant to 42

U.S.C. § 1997e(a). Plaintiff is further advised of his opportunity to develop a record and to

include in his Opposition to Defendants’ Motion whatever arguments and documentary evidence

he may have to show that he did, in fact, exhaust all administrative remedies as were available

to him prior to filing suit. See Wyatt, 315 F.3d at 1119-21; Marella, 568 F.3d at 1028. 

III. 

Conclusion and Order

Accordingly, IT IS ORDERED that:

1) Plaintiff’s Motion for Emergency Transfer [Doc. No. 24] is DENIED.

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2) IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that in order to provide Plaintiff with the notice

required by Wyatt v. Terhune, 315 F.3d 1108, 1119-20 (9th Cir. 2003) and to

provide him with an opportunity to present evidence of exhaustion in response, the

December 11, 2009 hearing date previously set for consideration of Defendants’

Motion to Dismiss [Doc. No. 18] is VACATED.

3) Plaintiff, if he chooses, may file an Opposition to Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss

[Doc. No. 18], including any documentary evidence of administrative exhaustion

he may be able to provide in response to Defendants’ Motion, and serve it upon

Defendants’ counsel of record no later than Thursday, December 24, 2009. 

4) If Plaintiff files an Opposition, Defendants may file their Reply and serve it upon

Plaintiff no later than Thursday, December 31, 2009.

The Court will consider the matter fully briefed as submitted on the papers as of

Thursday, January 8, 2010, and will thereafter issue a written Order ruling on Defendants’

Motion without requiring any appearances or holding any oral argument.

DATED: December 1, 2009

HON. DANA M. SABRAW

United States District Judge

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