Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-azd-2_08-cv-02092/USCOURTS-azd-2_08-cv-02092-0/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 371
Nature of Suit: Truth in Lending
Cause of Action: 15:1601 Truth in Lending

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WO

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE DISTRICT OF ARIZONA

Tuan Tran, 

Plaintiff, 

vs.

Decision One Mortgage Company LLC,

et al., 

Defendant. 

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No. CV-08-2092-PHX-DGC

ORDER

Plaintiff commenced this action by filing a pro se complaint against Defendants on

October 22, 2008. Dkt. ## 1-4, 1-5. Defendant Commonwealth Land Title Insurance

Company has filed a motion to dismiss. Dkt. #8. Plaintiff has not responded to the motion

and the time for doing so has passed. The Court will dismiss the complaint without

prejudice, grant Plaintiff leave to file an amended complaint, and deny Defendant’s motion

for attorneys’ fees.

I. Dismissal of the complaint.

When analyzing a complaint for failure to state a claim under Rule 12(b)(6), “[a]ll

allegations of material fact are taken as true and construed in the light most favorable to the

non-moving party.” Smith v. Jackson, 84 F.3d 1213, 1217 (9th Cir. 1996). “To avoid a Rule

12(b)(6) dismissal, a complaint need not contain detailed factual allegations; rather, it must

plead ‘enough facts to state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.’” Clemens v.

Case 2:08-cv-02092-DGC Document 12 Filed 12/18/08 Page 1 of 4
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DaimlerChrysler Corp., 534 F.3d 1017, 1022 (9th Cir. 2008) (quoting Bell Atl. Corp. v.

Twombly, 127 S. Ct. 1955, 1974 (2007)). The court may not assume that the plaintiff can

prove facts different from those alleged in the complaint. See Associated Gen. Contractors

of Cal. v. Cal. State Council of Carpenters, 459 U.S. 519, 526 (1983); Jack Russell Terrier

Network of N. Cal. v. Am. Kennel Club, Inc., 407 F.3d 1027, 1035 (9th Cir. 2005). Similarly,

legal conclusions couched as factual allegations are not given a presumption of truthfulness

and “conclusory allegations of law and unwarranted inferences are not sufficient to defeat

a motion to dismiss.” Pareto v. F.D.I.C., 139 F.3d 696, 699 (9th Cir. 1998).

Plaintiff filed a twenty-five page complaint detailing allegations of wrongdoing

related to a mortgage transaction he entered into with some of the defendants. Dkt. ## 1-4,

1-5. Plaintiff sued a number of defendants, including the original lender, Decision One

Mortgage Company LLC, the successor lender, Deutsche Bank National Trust Company, the

loan servicer, HomeEq Servicing Corporation, the foreclosure trustee, Tiffany & Bosco, and

the title company, Commonwealth Land Title Insurance Company. Dkt. #1-4 at 2. Plaintiff

alleges claims of fraudulent misrepresentation, breach of fiduciary duty, civil RICO, unjust

enrichment, civil conspiracy, and violations of the Home Ownership Equity Protection Act,

the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, the Federal Truth in Lending Act, and the Fair

Credit Reporting Act. Dkt. #1-5 at 3-11. 

Defendant Commonwealth Title filed this motion to dismiss pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6)

because, although Plaintiff has filed over twenty-five pages of allegations, Plaintiff has not

alleged that Defendant Commonwealth committed any wrongdoing. Dkt. #8 at 2. In fact,

Plaintiff does not specifically mention Defendant Commonwealth aside from naming it as

a Defendant. All allegations are either directed at other named defendants or directed

generally at “Defendants,” even where the allegations could not possibly encompass all of

the defendants. Although the Court liberally construes all allegations in the light most

favorable to Plaintiff, here Plaintiff has failed to make any allegations against Defendant

Commonwealth. The Court will grant Defendant Commonwealth’s motion to dismiss for

failure to state a claim pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6). 

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II. Leave to amend the complaint.

“A pro se litigant must be given leave to amend his or her complaint unless it is

absolutely clear that the deficiencies of the complaint could not be cured by amendment.”

Karim-Panahi v. L.A. Police Dep’t, 839 F.2d 621, 623 (9th Cir. 1988). In this case, Plaintiff

can cure the deficiencies by specifically alleging wrongdoing on the part of Defendant

Commonwealth Land Title Insurance Company. Dismissal with prejudice would be unduly

harsh at this stage of the litigation where Plaintiff may be able to state a viable claim against

Defendant. See Valley Eng’rs Inc. v. Elec. Eng’g Co., 158 F.3d 1051, 1056-57 (outlining

five factors to consider in determining when dismissal with prejudice is just). The Court will

dismiss the complaint without prejudice. Plaintiff shall have until Friday, January 16, 2009

to file an amended complaint. 

III. Plaintiff’s obligations.

Plaintiff must become familiar with, and follow, the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure

and the Rules of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona (“Local Rules”),

which may be obtained in the Clerk of Court’s office. For purposes of the amended

complaint, Plaintiff is directed to Rule 8 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Rule 8(a)

provides that a complaint “shall contain (1) a short and plain statement of the grounds upon

which the court’s jurisdiction depends, . . . (2) a short and plain statement of the claim

showing that the pleader is entitled to relief, and (3) a demand for judgment for the relief the

pleader seeks.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a). These pleading requirements shall be set forth in

separate and discrete paragraphs. Rule 8(d) provides that each such paragraph “shall be

simple, concise, and direct.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(d)(1). The forms contained in the Appendix

to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure – which include forms regarding jurisdictional

statements and sample complaints on various causes of action – “are sufficient under the

rules and are intended to indicate the simplicity and brevity of statement which the rules

contemplate.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 84.

Plaintiff is advised that general allegations against “Defendants” are insufficient to

satisfy even the liberal notice pleading requirements of Rule 8. The amended complaint must

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give Defendants fair notice of what Plaintiff’s claims are and the grounds upon which they

are based. See Holgate v. Baldwin, 425 F.3d 671, 676 (9th Cir. 2005). This includes some

factual basis for the claims and the specific legal theory supporting each claim. See id.;

Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2). The amended complaint must also specify which claims are being

asserted against which defendants and the relief Plaintiff seeks. See Fed. R. Civ. P.

8(a) (2)-(3).

Plaintiff is further advised that if he fails to prosecute this action or comply with the

rules or any Court order, the Court may dismiss the action with prejudice pursuant to

Rule 41(b). See Ferdik v. Bonzelet, 963 F.2d 1258, 1260 (9th Cir.1992).

IV. Defendant’s motion for attorneys’ fees.

Defendant’s request for attorneys’ fees is premature. The Court has granted Plaintiff

leave to file an amended complaint. Defendant may seek attorneys’ fees pursuant to Federal

Rule of Civil Procedure 54 or Local Rule 54.2 after the entry of final judgment. 

IT IS ORDERED:

1. Plaintiff’s claims against Defendant Commonwealth (Dkt. ## 1-4, 1-5) are

dismissed without prejudice pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6) for failure to state a

claim.

2. Plaintiff has until January 16, 2009 to file an amended complaint. 

3. Defendant’s motion for attorneys’ fees is denied. 

DATED this 18th day of December, 2008.

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