Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-caed-1_15-cv-00255/USCOURTS-caed-1_15-cv-00255-1/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 550
Nature of Suit: Prisoner - Civil Rights (U.S. defendant)
Cause of Action: 42:1983 Prisoner Civil Rights

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

RODERICK BRYAN RUSSELL,

Plaintiff,

v.

DR. K. TOOR, et al.,

Defendants.

Case No. 1:15-cv-00255-SAB-PC

ORDER GRANTING PLAINTIFF LEAVE 

TO FILE A SECOND AMENDED 

COMPLAINT

AMENDED COMPLAINT

DUE IN THIRTY DAYS

Plaintiff is a former state prisoner proceeding pro se and in forma pauperis pursuant to 42 

U.S.C. § 1983. Plaintiff has consented to magistrate judge jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 

636(c).1 Currently before the Court is Plaintiff‟s first amended complaint, filed on September 

18, 2015.

I.

SCREENING REQUIREMENT

The Court is required to screen complaints brought by prisoners seeking relief against a 

governmental entity or officer or employee of a governmental entity. 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(a). 

The Court must dismiss a complaint or portion thereof if the prisoner has raised claims that are 

legally “frivolous or malicious,” that “fail to state a claim on which relief may be granted,” or 

that “seek monetary relief against a defendant who is immune from such relief.” 28 U.S.C. § 

 

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Plaintiff filed a consent to proceed before a magistrate judge on March 2, 2015. (ECF No. 4.) 

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1915(e)(2)(B).

A complaint must contain “a short and plain statement of the claim showing that the 

pleader is entitled to relief . . . .” Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2). Detailed factual allegations are not 

required, but “[t]hreadbare recitals of the elements of a cause of action, supported by mere 

conclusory statements, do not suffice.” Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009)(citing Bell 

Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555 (2007)). Moreover, Plaintiff must demonstrate 

that each defendant personally participated in the deprivation of Plaintiff‟s rights. Jones v. 

Williams, 297 F.3d 930, 934 (9th Cir.2002). 

Prisoners proceeding pro se in civil rights actions are entitled to have their pleadings 

liberally construed and to have any doubt resolved in their favor. Wilhelm v. Rotman, 680 F.3d 

1113, 1121 (9th Cir. 2012)(citations omitted). To survive screening, Plaintiff‟s claims must be 

facially plausible, which requires sufficient factual detail to allow the Court to reasonably infer 

that each named defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged. Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678-79; Moss 

v. U.S. Secret Service, 572 F.3d 962, 969 (9th Cir. 2009). The “sheer possibility that a defendant 

has acted unlawfully” is not sufficient, and “facts that are „merely consistent with‟ a defendant‟s 

liability” falls short of satisfying the plausibility standard. Iqbal, 556 U.S. at 678; Moss, 572 

F.3d at 969. 

II.

PROCEDURAL HISTORY

Plaintiff initiated this action by civil complaint filed on February 17, 2015. Plaintiff, 

formerly incarcerated at Valley State Prison, brings this action against Defendants Dr. Toor and 

Dr. Woodward, physicians employed by the CDCR at Valley State Prison. On September 18, 

2015, Plaintiff filed a document titled as an amended complaint. The amended complaint, 

however, is an addendum to the original complaint. As will be discussed in further detail below, 

Plaintiff may not file a supplemental complaint. An amended complaint should be complete, in 

and of itself, without reference to any prior pleading. The Court will construe Plaintiff‟s 

supplemental filing as a request to amend his first amended complaint. Accordingly, Plaintiff 

will be granted leave to file a second amended complaint. In order to guide Plaintiff, the Court 

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will address Plaintiff‟s allegations in the original complaint and the September 18, 2015, 

supplemental complaint.

III.

COMPLAINT ALLEGATIONS

Plaintiff alleges that on October 6, 2011, while housed at CCI Tehachapi, he was 

“brutally assaulted” by a correctional officer. (Cmpl. p. 3.) Plaintiff feared retaliation, and 

began “discreetly” seeking medical attention. (Id. p. 3A). Plaintiff alleges that his medical care 

requests for neck and back pain were rejected because he included false allegations of assault by 

staff. On April 6, 2012, Plaintiff was seen by a psychologist, who asked Plaintiff to sign a 

consent form authorizing the psychologist to talk to Plaintiff‟s parents. 

On July 6, 2012, Plaintiff submitted a request for treatment due to “excruciating pain 

from my left clavicle.” (Id.) On July 9, 2012, Plaintiff was referred to Dr. K. Hill by a 

registered nurse. Plaintiff was seen by Dr. Hill, and on July 20, 2012, Plaintiff‟s request for 

treatment was denied. On August 10, 2012, Plaintiff submitted another request for treatment. 

On August 16, 2012, Plaintiff was again seen by Dr. Hill. She advised Plaintiff that after 

reviewing the x-rays, Plaintiff did not warrant further treatment. Plaintiff‟s requests for an MRI 

and physical therapy were denied. Plaintiff was issued a prescription for ultram to address his 

pain. Plaintiff alleges that the ultram was ineffective.

Plaintiff was transferred to Valley State Prison in Chowchilla, and was seen by Defendant 

Dr. Toor on October 19, 2012. Plaintiff alleges that Dr. Toor “did no physical examination on 

my person, he only looked at previous x-rays where he then based his decision to discontinue by 

ultram.” (Id. p. 3B.) Dr. Toor also denied Plaintiff‟s request for an MRI and physical therapy. 

Dr. Toor prescribed exercise for Plaintiff, and indicated in Plaintiff‟s chart that he observed 

Plaintiff “working out” on the yard. (Id.) 

In February of 2013, Plaintiff began to see a new primary care physician, Defendant Dr. 

Woodward. Plaintiff alleges that Dr. Woodward denied Plaintiff‟s requests for physical therapy 

and “shows no reparative efforts to console my chronic pain.” (Id. p. 3E.) 

In Plaintiff‟s supplemental complaint filed on the September 18, 2015, he sets forth 

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allegations regarding his health care that have occurred since the filing of this action on February 

17, 2015. As will be discussed below, Plaintiff may not bring claims regarding conduct that 

occurred after the filing of the complaint. Further, Plaintiff alleges no facts in the supplemental 

complaint that constitute deliberate indifference on the part of Dr. Toor or Dr. Woodward.

III.

DISCUSSION

A. Eighth Amendment 

A prisoner‟s claim of inadequate medical care does not constitute cruel and unusual 

punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment unless the mistreatment rises to the level of 

“deliberate indifference to serious medical needs.” Jett v. Penner, 439 F.3d 1091, 1096 (9th Cir. 

2006)(quoting Estelle v. Gamble, 429 U.S. 97, 104 (1976)). The two part test for deliberate 

indifference requires Plaintiff to show (1) “a „serious medical need‟ by demonstrating that failure 

to treat a prisoner‟s condition could result in further significant injury or the „unnecessary and 

wanton infliction of pain,‟” and (2) “the defendant‟s response to the need was deliberately 

indifferent.” Jett, 439 F.3d at 1096. A defendant does not act in a deliberately indifferent 

manner unless the defendant “knows of and disregards an excessive risk to inmate health or 

safety.” Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S. 825, 837 (1994). “Deliberate indifference is a high legal 

standard,” Simmons v. Navajo County Ariz., 609 F.3d 1011, 1019 (9th Cir. 2010); Toguchi v. 

Chung, 391 F.3d 1051, 1060 (9th Cir. 2004), and is shown where there was “a purposeful act or 

failure to respond to a prisoner‟s pain or possible medical need” and the indifference caused 

harm. Jett, 439 F.3d at 1096.

In applying this standard, the Ninth Circuit has held that before it can be said that a 

prisoner‟s civil rights have been abridged, “the indifference to his medical needs must be 

substantial. Mere „indifference,‟ „negligence,‟ or „medical malpractice‟ will not support this 

cause of action.” Broughton v. Cutter Laboratories, 622 F.2d 458, 460 (9th Cir. 1980)(citing 

Estelle, 429 U.S. at 105-106). “[A] complaint that a physician has been negligent in diagnosing 

or treating a medical condition does not state a valid claim of medical mistreatment under the 

Eighth Amendment. Medical malpractice does not become a constitutional violation merely 

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because the victim is a prisoner.” Estelle, 429 U.S. at 106; see also Anderson v. County of Kern, 

45 F.3d 1310, 1316 (9th Cir. 1995). Even gross negligence is insufficient to establish deliberate 

indifference to serious medical needs. See Wood v. Housewright, 900 F.2d 1332, 1334 (9th Cir. 

1990). Additionally, a prisoner‟s mere disagreement with diagnosis or treatment does not 

support a claim of deliberate indifference. Sanchez v. Vild, 891 F.2d 240, 242 (9th Cir. 1989).

Plaintiff has failed to allege facts sufficient to state a claim for relief. Plaintiff must 

allege facts indicating that each of the named Defendants were aware of an objectively serious 

medical condition and were deliberately indifferent to that condition. Plaintiff‟s central 

grievance is that, in his view, he should have been given physical therapy. Plaintiff also 

disagrees with the pain medication that he was prescribed. The Court notes that Plaintiff alleges 

deliberate indifference because Dr. Hill‟s prescription of ultram was ineffective, yet alleges 

deliberate indifference by Dr. Woodward by discontinuing the prescription. There are no facts 

alleged indicating a complete refusal to treat Plaintiff. There are no facts alleged indicating that a 

medical professional diagnosed Plaintiff with further injury as a result of a failure to treat 

Plaintiff. As noted above, a disagreement with the course of Plaintiff‟s treatment does not 

constitute deliberate indifference. The allegations of the complaint as to Dr. Toor and Dr. 

Woodward fail to state a claim for relief. They should therefore be dismissed. 

B. Exhaustion

Pursuant to the Prison Litigation Reform Act of 1996, “[n]o action shall be brought with 

respect to prison conditions under [42 U.S.C. § 1983], or any other federal law by a prisoner 

confined in any jail, prison, or other correctional facility until such administrative remedies as 

are available are exhausted.” 42 U.S.C. § 1997e(a). Prisoners are required to exhaust the 

available administrative remedies prior to filing suit. Jones v. Bock, 49 U.S. 199, 211 (2007); 

McKinney v. Carey, 311 F.3d 1198, 1199-1201 (9th Cir. 2002). Exhaustion is required 

regardless of the relief sought by the prisoner and regardless of the relief offered by the process, 

Booth v. Churner, 532 U.S. 731, 741 (2001), and the exhaustion requirement applies to all suits 

relating to prison life. Porter v. Nussle, 435 U.S. 516, 532 (2002).

The California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) has an 

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administrative grievance system for prisoners to appeal any departmental decision, action, 

condition, or policy having an adverse effect on prisoners‟ welfare. Cal. Code Regs. tit. 15, § 

3084.1. Prior to 2011, the process was initiated by submitting a CDC Form 602 describing the 

problem and the action requested, tit. 15, §3084.2(a), and the appeal had to be submitted within 

fifteen working days of the event being appealed or of the receipt of the unacceptable lower level 

decision, tit. 15, §3084.6(c). Up to four levels of appeal may be involved, including the informal 

level, first formal level, second formal level, and third formal level, also known as the Director‟s 

Level. Tit. 15, §3084.5. In order to satisfy section 1997e(a), California state prisoners are 

required to use this process to exhaust their claims prior to filing suit. Woodford v. Ngo, 548 

U.S. 81, 85-86 (2006); McKinney, 311 F.3d at 1199-1201. On January 28, 2011, the inmate 

appeals process was modified and limited to three levels of review with provisions allowing the 

first level to be by bypassed under specific circumstances. Cal. Code Regs. tit. 15, § 3084.7.

Because of requirements of the administrative appeals process, it is impossible for 

Plaintiff to bring a civil rights action for any conduct that occurred after the filing of the 

complaint. Any amended complaint must confine itself to the claims that Plaintiff has exhausted 

through the administrative appeals process described above.

IV.

CONCLUSION AND ORDER

For the reasons stated, Plaintiff‟s complaint fails to state a claim upon which relief may 

be granted. Plaintiff is granted leave to file a second amended complaint within thirty (30) days. 

Noll v. Carlson, 809 F.2d 1446, 1448-49 (9th Cir. 1987). Plaintiff may not change the nature of 

this suit by adding new, unrelated claims in his amended complaint. George v. Smith, 507 F.3d 

605, 607 (7th Cir. 2007)(no “buckshot” complaints).

Plaintiff‟s second amended complaint should be brief, Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a), but must state 

what each defendant did that led to the deprivation of Plaintiff‟s constitutional or other federal 

rights. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678. “The inquiry into causation must be individualized and focus 

on the duties and responsibilities of each individual defendant whose acts or omissions are 

alleged to have caused a constitutional deprivation.” Leer v. Murphy, 844 F.2d 628, 633 (9th 

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Cir. 1988). Although accepted as true, the “[f]actual allegations must be [sufficient] to raise a 

right to relief above the speculative level. . . .” Twombly, 550 U.S. at 555 (citations omitted).

Finally, an amended complaint supersedes the original complaint, Forsyth v. Humana, 

Inc., 114 F.3d 1467, 1474 (9th Cir. 1997); King v. Atiyeh, 814 F.2d 565, 567 (9th Cir. 1987), 

and must be “complete in and of itself without reference to the prior or superseded pleading,” 

Local Rule 220. “All causes of action alleged in an original complaint which are not alleged in 

an amended complaint are waived.” King, 814 F.2d at 567 (citing to London v. Coopers 

Lybrand, 644 F.2d 811, 814 (9th Cir. 1981)); accord Forsyth, 114 F.3d at 1474. 

Based on the foregoing, it is HEREBY ORDERED that:

1. The Clerk‟s Office shall send to Plaintiff a civil rights complaint form;

2. Plaintiff‟s complaint and supplemental complaint are dismissed for failure to state 

a claim;

3. Within thirty (30) days from the date of service of this order, Plaintiff shall file a

second amended complaint; and

4. If Plaintiff fails to file a second amended complaint in compliance with this order, 

the Court will dismiss this action, with prejudice, for failure to state a claim and to 

obey a court order.

IT IS SO ORDERED.

Dated: January 20, 2016 

UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE

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