Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-ca10-09-03138/USCOURTS-ca10-09-03138-0/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 360
Nature of Suit: Other Personal Injury
Cause of Action: 

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* After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined

unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist the determination of

this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is

therefore ordered submitted without oral argument. This order and judgment is

not binding precedent, except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata,

and collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive value

consistent with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1. 

FILED

United States Court of Appeals

Tenth Circuit

January 27, 2010

Elisabeth A. Shumaker

Clerk of Court

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT

MIDWEST CONCRETE

PLACEMENT, INC.,

Third-Party-PlaintiffAppellee,

v.

L&S BASEMENTS, INC.,

Third-Party-DefendantAppellant.

No. 09-3138

(D.C. No. 2:07-CV-02316-JAR)

(D. Kan.)

ORDER AND JUDGMENT*

Before KELLY, PORFILIO, and O’BRIEN, Circuit Judges.

Third-party defendant L&S Basements, Inc. (L&S) appeals the district

court’s grant of summary judgment in favor of third-party plaintiff Midwest

Concrete Placement, Inc. (Midwest) on its claim for contractual indemnification. 

Sitting in diversity and applying Kansas law, the court held that L&S agreed to

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indemnify Midwest. Our jurisdiction arises under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we

affirm. 

I.

The parties are familiar with the facts, which are fully set out in the district

court’s seventeen-page order. We repeat only briefly those necessary to resolve

the issues on appeal. L&S was in the business of pouring concrete for basement

walls and footings. Its practice was to purchase cement from a supplier and rent a

cement pump truck from a company like Midwest, with whom it had done

business for a number of years. Normally, when working with Midwest, L&S

would contact Midwest, who in turn would send a truck to the job site. The

supplier would put the cement in the truck and Midwest’s operator would pour the

cement according to L&S’s directions.

Once the work was completed, an L&S representative would sign a job

ticket that also served as a written rental agreement, and Midwest eventually

invoiced L&S. On the front of the ticket was general information about the work

and the statement: “Terms & Conditions governing this rental as described on the

reverse side are understood and agreed to by” the customer. Aplt. App. at 100. 

The reverse side of the ticket stated the following concerning indemnification: 

INDEMNIFICATION AND RISK OF LOSS: Customer and Midwest

. . . agree that the equipment and all persons operating such

equipment[,] including Midwest[’s] . . . employees will be under

customer’s exclusive jurisdiction, supervision, and control during the

time such equipment and operators are on Customer’s job site: the

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Customer agrees to indemnify Midwest . . . against all claims,

actions, proceedings, costs, damages and liabilities arising in any

manner out of, connected with, or resulting from the operation or

handling of the equipment on Customer’s job site including without

limitation any injury . . . of workman . . . whether the liability, loss

or damage is caused by or arises out of the negligence of Midwest

. . . employees or otherwise. Customer’s duty to indemnify shall

include all costs or expenses arising out of or connected with all

claims specified herein, including all court and or arbitration costs,

filing fees, attorney’s fees and cost of settlement[.]

Id. at 101. L&S admits to signing these work tickets on numerous occasions

during its association with Midwest, although it denied ever having read the terms

and conditions of the rental agreement.

On the day of the incident giving rise to this suit, a worker for the supplier

was on an L&S job site pumping cement into Midwest’s truck when one of the

pump truck’s pipes ruptured, spewing cement on the worker. Midwest dispatched

a different truck to complete the job. Written in the customer signature line on

the ticket for the replacement truck was the name “Andy.” Id. at 100. When

Midwest later sent L&S an invoice, it was paid in full without comment. 

Eventually, the worker sued Midwest for personal injuries for its alleged

negligence and following its settlement with the worker, Midwest sued L&S for

indemnification. 

II. 

We review a grant of summary judgment de novo, applying the same legal

standard used by the district court. Cory v. Allstate Ins., 583 F.3d 1240, 1243

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(10th Cir. 2009). Kansas substantive law applies in this diversity case. Blanke v.

Alexander, 152 F.3d 1224, 1228 (10th Cir. 1998).

L&S claims “Andy” never signed the job ticket and, as such, there was no

contract because there was no “meeting of the minds on all the essential terms.” 

Aplt. Opening Br. at 10. We reject this argument for the same reasons given by

the district court, which concluded that even if L&S did not sign the ticket, under

Kansas law, “a party can assent to a contract even if it does not sign the

agreement.” Aplt. App. at 195, citing Crouch v. Marrs, 430 P.2d 204, 209 (Kan.

1967). See also Southwest & Assocs., Inc. v. Steven Enters., LLC, 88 P.3d 1246,

1249 (Kan. App. 2004) (holding that an objective test is used to determine

whether the parties have formed a contract). L&S manifested its assent by paying

for the truck it rented from Midwest, despite the ruptured pipe. 

L&S acknowledges that “a party may contract away responsibility for its

own negligence,” Aplt. Opening Br. at 15, but argues that Midwest’s

indemnification clause is similar to the one found unenforceable as against public

policy in Belger Cartage Service, Inc. v. Holland Construction Company,

582 P.2d 1111 (Kan. 1978). To the contrary, Midwest’s agreement is different for

the reasons explained by the district court, including: (1) the front of the job

ticket states twice that the terms and conditions are on the back; (2) the

indemnification provision is “clear and unambiguous and is written in plain

language, not hidden nor lost in a haze of small print and legalese,” Aplt. App.

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at 200; (3) “the indemnification provision is conspicuously labeled and easily

identified,” id.; and (4) L&S had previously used Midwest’s services, and was

familiar with the job ticket.

The judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED.

Entered for the Court

John C. Porfilio

Circuit Judge

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