Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-caed-2_14-cv-02955/USCOURTS-caed-2_14-cv-02955-2/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 440
Nature of Suit: Other Civil Rights
Cause of Action: 28:1983 Civil Rights

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 

FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 

VINCENT YEE, 

Plaintiff, 

v. 

SACRAMENTO COUNTY JAIL, et al., 

Defendants. 

No. 2:14-cv-2955-KJM-EFB PS (TEMP) 

ORDER 

 Plaintiff Vincent Yee is proceeding pro se in an action brought under 42 U.S.C. § 1983.1 

He has been granted leave to proceed in forma pauperis pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915. ECF No. 

3. Pending before the court is plaintiff’s second amended complaint which must be screened. 

ECF No. 6. 

 The court must dismiss an in forma pauperis case at any time if the allegation of poverty is 

found to be untrue or if it is determined that the action is frivolous or malicious, fails to state a 

claim on which relief may be granted, or seeks monetary relief against an immune defendant. See 

28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2). A complaint is legally frivolous when it lacks an arguable basis in law or 

in fact. Neitzke v. Williams, 490 U.S. 319, 325 (1989); Franklin v. Murphy, 745 F.2d 1221, 1227-

28 (9th Cir. 1984). Under this standard, a court must dismiss a complaint as frivolous where it is 

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 This matter was referred to the undersigned in accordance with Local Rule 302(c)(21) 

and 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1). 

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based on an indisputably meritless legal theory or where the factual contentions are clearly 

baseless. Neitzke, 490 U.S. at 327; 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e). 

 To state a claim on which relief may be granted, the plaintiff must allege “enough facts to 

state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.” Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 

570 (2007). In considering whether a complaint states a cognizable claim, the court accepts as 

true the material allegations in the complaint and construes the allegations in the light most 

favorable to the plaintiff. Hishon v. King & Spalding, 467 U.S. 69, 73 (1984); Hosp. Bldg. Co. v. 

Trustees of Rex Hosp., 425 U.S. 738, 740 (1976); Love v. United States, 915 F.2d 1242, 1245 (9th 

Cir. 1989). Pro se pleadings are held to a less stringent standard than those drafted by lawyers. 

Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S. 519, 520 (1972). However, the court need not accept as true 

conclusory allegations, unreasonable inferences, or unwarranted deductions of fact. Western 

Mining Council v. Watt, 643 F.2d 618, 624 (9th Cir. 1981). 

 The minimum requirements for a civil complaint in federal court are as follows: 

A pleading which sets forth a claim for relief . . . shall contain (1) a 

short and plain statement of the grounds upon which the court’s 

jurisdiction depends . . . , (2) a short and plain statement of the 

claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief, and (3) a demand 

for judgment for the relief the pleader seeks. 

Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a). 

 Here, liberally construed, plaintiff’s second amended complaint alleges that in October of 

1998, Officer Harold Penny and Officer Corey Johnson arrested plaintiff’s father and transported 

him to the Sacramento County Jail. Although plaintiff’s father repeatedly stated that he wanted to 

die, Officer Penny and Officer Johnson did not notify jail staff that plaintiff’s father was at risk 

for suicide. The second amended complaint also alleges that Officer Kathleen Fritzche was aware 

that plaintiff’s father was at risk for suicide and also did not notify jail staff. Plaintiff’s father 

later committed suicide while jailed at the Sacramento County Jail.2 

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 Under California law, “a cause of action for . . . a person is not lost by reason of the 

person’s death, but survives . . . .” Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 377.20(a). “A cause of action that 

survives the death of the person entitled to commence an action or proceeding passes to the 

decedent’s successor in interest, subject to [the California Probate Code] . . ., and an action may 

be commenced by the decedent’s personal representative or, if none, by the decedent’s successor 

in interest.” Cal. Civ. Proc. Code ' 377.30. 

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 Based on these allegations, the complaint states cognizable claims for violation of the due 

process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment as to Officer Penny, Officer Johnson and Officer 

Fritzche. If the allegations of the second amended complaint are proven, plaintiff could prevail 

on the merits of those claims. 

 However, the complaint fails to state a cognizable claim against the Sacramento County 

Jail. The second amended complaint alleges simply that plaintiff’s father sent letters expressing 

his desire to commit suicide, those letters were screened by jail staff, and therefore, the 

Sacramento County Jail failed to prevent plaintiff’s father’s suicide. Plaintiff pleads no facts 

which could establish liability of the jail. 

 “A municipality may be held liable under a claim brought under § 1983 only when the 

municipality inflicts an injury, and it may not be held liable under a respondeat superior theory.” 

Gibson v. County of Washoe, Nev., 290 F.3d 1175, 1185 (9th Cir. 2002) (citing Monell v. New 

York City Dept. of Social Services, 436 U.S. 658, 694 (1978)). “To prove deliberate indifference 

on the part of a municipality, the plaintiff must show that the municipality was on actual or 

constructive notice that its omission would likely result in a constitutional violation.” M.H. v. 

County of Alameda, 62 F.Supp.3d 1049, 1081 (N.D. Cal. 2014). “A local governmental body 

may be liable if it has a policy of inaction and such inaction amounts to a failure to protect 

constitutional rights.’” Cotta v. County of Kings, 79 F.Supp.3d 1148, 1167 (E.D. Cal. 2015) 

(quoting Oviatt v. Pearce, 954 F.2d 1470, 1474 (9th Cir. 1992)). 

CONCLUSION 

 For the reasons stated above, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that: 

 1. Plaintiff may proceed now to serve Officer Penny, Officer Johnson and Officer 

Fritzche, as set forth below (instructions numbered 3-6), and pursue his claims against only those 

defendants. Alternatively, he may delay serving Officer Penny, Officer Johnson and Officer 

Fritzche, and attempt to state a cognizable claim against the Sacramento County Jail. 

 2. If plaintiff elects to attempt to further amend his complaint to state a cognizable 

claim against the Sacramento County Jail, he has thirty days to do so (and he may skip 

instructions numbered 3-6, below). He is not obligated to further amend his complaint, and may 

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instead proceed only against Officer Penny, Officer Johnson and Officer Fritzche (see instructions 

3-6, below). If plaintiff chooses to further amend so that he can sue the Sacramento County Jail, 

the third amended complaint will also be subject to screening. 

 Plaintiff is informed that the court cannot refer to a prior pleading in order to make 

plaintiff’s third amended complaint complete. Local Rule 220 requires that an amended 

complaint be complete in itself without reference to any prior pleading. In the third amended 

complaint, as in the original complaint, each claim and the involvement of each defendant must 

be sufficiently alleged. 

 3. If plaintiff elects to proceed now against Officer Penny, Officer Johnson and 

Officer Fritzche, then within thirty days plaintiff shall supply the U.S. Marshal with the 

information detailed below. If plaintiff elects to proceed against Officer Penny, Officer Johnson 

and Officer Fritzche, the court will construe plaintiff’s election as consent to the dismissal of all 

claims against the Sacramento County Jail without prejudice. 

 4. Service is appropriate for the following defendants: Officer Harold Penny, Officer 

Corey Johnson and Officer Kathleen Fritzche. 

 5. The Clerk of the Court shall send plaintiff one USM-285 form for each defendant, one 

summons, a copy of the second amended complaint filed October 26, 2015 (ECF No. 6), an 

instruction sheet, and an appropriate form for consent to trial by a magistrate judge. 

 6. Plaintiff is directed to supply the U.S. Marshal, within 30 days from the date this order 

is filed, all information needed by the Marshal to effect service of process, and shall file a 

statement with the court that said documents have been submitted to the United States Marshal. 

The court anticipates that, to effect service, the U.S. Marshal will require at least: 

 a. One completed summons for each defendant; 

 b. One completed USM-285 form for each defendant; 

 c. One copy of the endorsed filed complaint for each defendant, with an extra 

copy for the U.S. Marshal; and 

 d. One copy of the instant order for each defendant. 

 7. In the event the U.S. Marshal is unable, for any reason whatsoever, to effectuate 

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service on any defendant within 90 days from the date of this order, the Marshal is directed to 

report that fact, and the reasons for it, to the undersigned. 

 8. The Clerk of the Court is directed to serve a copy of this order on the U.S. Marshal, 

501 “I” Street, Sacramento, Ca., 95814, Tel. No. (916) 930-2030. 

 9. Failure to comply with this order may result in a recommendation that this action be 

dismissed for lack of prosecution and failure to comply with a court order. 

DATED: June 7, 2016.

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