Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-casd-3_13-cv-02370/USCOURTS-casd-3_13-cv-02370-1/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 440
Nature of Suit: Other Civil Rights
Cause of Action: 42:1983 Civil Rights Act

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

JOSEPH NADOLSKI,

Plaintiff,

CASE NO. 13-CV-2370-LAB-DHB

ORDER DENYING PLAINTIFF’S

vs. MOTION FOR RECONSIDERATION

MARY WINCHESTER, et al.,

Defendants.

Plaintiff Joseph Nadolski moves for the Court to reconsider its order dismissing his

compliant with prejudice. (Docket no. 38.) The complaint alleged that his constitutional

rights were violated during a dispute in family court. It listed ten causes of action under 42

U.S.C. § 1983 against the parties he believes were responsible, almost all of whom were

government entities or officials involved in the state court proceedings. (Docket no. 1.) 

I. Background

On August 22, 2012, Nadolski’s ex-wife obtained a TRO against him in San Diego

Superior Court. The TRO restricted Nadolski’s contact with his ex-wife and two children. 

It also required him to surrender his firearms. Nadolski was dissatisfied with this result, and

brought this action against the Defendants for the role each played in the family court

dispute. For instance, Defendant Judge Gregory Pollack issued the TRO; Defendant

Victoria Rothman was the attorney for Nadolski’s ex-wife; Defendant Mary Winchester was

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an investigator for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (also a defendant);

and Defendants Asoera and Weathersby allegedly supervised her. 

On August 6, 2014, the Court dismissed Nadolski’s complaint with prejudice. (Docket

no. 35.) The Court determined that the complaint failed to state a claim against any

Defendant for which relief may be granted; that the Eleventh Amendment and judicial

immunity barred his claims against the Superior Court of California and Judges Pollack and

Trentacosta; that his Section 1983 claims did not allege any violation of his constitutional

rights by any of the non-judicial defendants; and finally that even if his complaint were

amended to allege more specific facts, his claims would still be barred by the

Rooker-Feldman doctrine. (See id.) 

II. Legal Standard

Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 59(e) authorizes a motion to alter judgment after its

entry. Under the Court’s Standing Order 4(j), “[m]otions for reconsideration are disfavored

unless a party shows there is new evidence, a change in controlling law, or establishes that

the Court committed clear error in the earlier ruling.” Judgment is not properly reopened

“absent highly unusual circumstances, unless the district court is presented with newly

discovered evidence, committed clear error, or if there is an intervening change in the

controlling law.” 389 Orange St. Partners v. Arnold, 179 F.3d 656, 665 (9th Cir. 1999). The

requirement of such a showing is a “high hurdle” and the court will not reopen a judgment

“absent highly unusual circumstances.” Weeks v. Bayer, 246 F.3d 1231, 1236 (9th Cir.

2001). Additionally, a Rule 59(e) motion “may not be used to raise arguments or present

evidence for the first time when they could reasonably have been raised earlier in the

litigation.” Carroll v. Nakatani, 342 F.3d 934, 945 (9th Cir. 2003). 

Because Nadolski is proceeding pro se, the Court construes his pleadings liberally,

and affords him the benefit of any doubt. See Karim-Panahi v. L.A. Police Dep’t, 839 F.2d

621, 623 (9th Cir. 1988). Of course, “[p]ro se litigants must follow the same rules of

procedure that govern other litigants.” King v. Atiyeh, 814 F.2d 565, 567 (9th Cir. 1987).

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III. Discussion 

Nadolski concedes in his motion that the Court properly dismissed his claims against

Judge Pollack, Judge Trentacosta, and the Superior Court of California. (Docket no. 38,

Motion for Reconsideration at 1-2.) He moves for reconsideration based on the dubious

proposition that his concession renders the Rooker-Feldman Doctrine inapplicable, but he

does not provide any analysis to support such a conclusion. (Id. at 2.) The Court’s dismissal

order explicitly held that the doctrine bars all of his claims, not just those against the Superior

Court and its judges. (See Docket no. 35 at 6.)

Nadolski’s motion does not cite any newly discovered evidence, clear error, or

intervening change in controlling law. In fact, except for citing the settled legal standards for

evaluating a motion to dismiss (Navarro v. Block, 250 F.3d 729, 732 (9th Cir. 2001)) and an

equal protection claim (City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Center, Inc., 473 U.S. 432, 439

(1985)), the motion doesn’t cite controlling law of any kind, much less any intervening

change in law that would undermine the Court’s judgment. Instead, the motion merely

reiterates Nadolski’s allegations and restates his entitlement to relief. (E.g., Mot. at 2 (“I will

restate my claim . . . .”).) The facts presented in his motion are not offered as newly

discovered evidence, but rather as a simple retelling of the same claims that the Court

already dismissed. These are not proper grounds for reconsideration. See 389 Orange St.,

179 F.3d at 665.

Even if Nadolski could provide new, enhanced factual detail for his conclusory

allegations, it would not overcome the larger, jurisdictional problems that undermined his

complaint. The Court determined that the Rooker-Feldman doctrine barred all of Plaintiff’s

claims for damages and injunctive relief because they were based on the outcome of

proceedings in San Diego Superior Court. (See Docket no. 35 at 6.) The Court also held

that Nadolski’s claims against Defendants Rothman, Winchester, and HHS were not

cognizable under Section 1983. (See id. at 5.) As a result, Nadolski’s proposed

amendments would be futile, and this is precisely why the Court dismissed them with

prejudice. See Steckman v. Hart Brewing, 143 F.3d 1293, 1298 (9th Cir. 1998) (“Although

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there is a general rule that parties are allowed to amend their pleadings, it does not extend

to cases in which any amendment would be an exercise in futility . . . or where the amended

complaint would also be subject to dismissal.” (citations omitted)). Nadolski’s claims are

barred no matter how well he can pleads his facts or prove them. “The Rooker-Feldman

doctrine prevents lower federal courts from exercising jurisdiction over any claim that is

‘inextricably intertwined’ with the decision of a state court, even where the party does not

directly challenge the merits of the state court’s decision but rather brings an indirect

challenge based on constitutional principles.” Bianchi v. Rylaarsdam, 334 F.3d 895, 901 (9th

Cir. 2003).

IV. Conclusion

Nadolski does not cite any new evidence, a change in controlling law, or clear error

in the Court’s earlier ruling. See 389 Orange St., 179 F.3d at 665. He does not overcome

the “high hurdle” required to amend a judgment under Rule 59(e). Weeks, 246 F.3d at

1236. The Court DENIES Nadolski’s motion for reconsideration.

IT IS SO ORDERED.

DATED: November 21, 2014

HONORABLE LARRY ALAN BURNS

United States District Judge

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