Source: s3://data.kl3m.ai/documents/govinfo/USCOURTS/USCOURTS-caed-1_18-cv-00391/USCOURTS-caed-1_18-cv-00391-14/pdf.json

Nature of Suit Code: 446
Nature of Suit: Americans with Disabilities Act - Other
Cause of Action: 42:12101 Americans with Disabilities Act

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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

TAYLOR GAMINO,

Plaintiff,

v.

YOSEMITE COMMUNITY COLLEGE 

DISTRICT, et al.,

Defendants.

Case No. 1:18-cv-00391-SAB

ORDER RE STIPULATED PROTECTIVE 

ORDER

(ECF No. 42)

STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER

1. PURPOSES AND LIMITATIONS

Disclosure and discovery activity in this action are likely to involve production of 

confidential, proprietary, or private information for which special protection from public 

disclosure and from use for any purpose other than prosecuting this litigation may be 

warranted. Accordingly, the parties hereby stipulate to and petition the court to enter the 

following Stipulated Protective Order. The parties acknowledge that this Order does not confer 

blanket protections on all disclosures or responses to discovery and that the protection it 

affords from public disclosure and use extends only to the limited information or items that 

are entitled to confidential treatment under the applicable legal principles. The parties further 

acknowledge, as set forth in Section 12.3, below, that this Stipulated Protective Order does not 

entitle them to file confidential information under seal; Local Rule 141 sets forth the 

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procedures that must be followed and the standards that will be applied when a party seeks 

permission from the court to file material under seal.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1 Challenging Party: a Party or Non-Party that challenges the designation of 

information or items under this Order.

2.2 “CONFIDENTIAL” Information or Items: information (regardless of how it is 

generated, stored or maintained) or tangible things that qualify for protection under Federal 

Rule of Civil Procedure 26(c).

2.3 Counsel (without qualifier): Outside Counsel of Record and House Counsel (as 

well as their support staff).

2.4 Designating Party: a Party or Non-Party that designates information or items 

that it produces in disclosures or in responses to discovery as “CONFIDENTIAL.” 

2.5 Disclosure or Discovery Material: all items or information, regardless of the 

medium or manner in which it is generated, stored, or maintained (including, among other 

things, testimony, transcripts, and tangible things), that are produced or generated in 

disclosures or responses to discovery in this matter.

2.6 Expert: a person with specialized knowledge or experience in a matter 

pertinent to the litigation who has been retained by a Party or its counsel to serve as an expert 

witness or as a consultant in this action.

2.7 House Counsel: attorneys who are employees of a party to this action. House 

Counsel does not include Outside Counsel of Record or any other outside counsel.

2.8 Non-Party: any natural person, partnership, corporation, association, or other 

legal entity not named as a Party to this action.

2.9 Outside Counsel of Record: attorneys who are not employees of a party to this 

action but are retained to represent or advise a party to this action and have appeared in this 

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action on behalf of that party or are affiliated with a law firm which has appeared on behalf of 

that party.

2.10 Party: any party to this action, including all of its officers, directors, employees, 

consultants, retained experts, and Outside Counsel of Record (and their support staffs).

2.11 Producing Party: a Party or Non-Party that produces Disclosure or Discovery 

Material in this action.

2.12 Professional Vendors: persons or entities that provide litigation support 

services (e.g., photocopying, videotaping, translating, preparing exhibits or demonstrations, 

and organizing, storing, or retrieving data in any form or medium) and their employees and 

subcontractors.

2.13 Protected Material: any Disclosure or Discovery Material that is designated as 

“CONFIDENTIAL.” 

2.14 Receiving Party: a Party that receives Disclosure or Discovery Material from a 

Producing Party.

3. SCOPE

The protections conferred by this Stipulation and Order cover not only Protected 

Material (as defined above), but also (1) any information copied or extracted from Protected 

Material; (2) all copies, excerpts, summaries, or compilations of Protected Material; and (3) 

any testimony, conversations, or presentations by Parties or their Counsel that might reveal 

Protected Material. However, the protections conferred by this Stipulation and Order do not 

cover the following information: (a) any information that is in the public domain at the time of 

disclosure to a Receiving Party or becomes part of the public domain after its disclosure to a 

Receiving Party as a result of publication not involving a violation of this Order, including 

becoming part of the public record through trial or otherwise; and (b) any information known 

to the Receiving Party prior to the disclosure or obtained by the Receiving Party after the 

disclosure from a source who obtained the information lawfully and under no obligation of 

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confidentiality to the Designating Party. Any use of Protected Material at trial shall be 

governed by a separate agreement or order.

4. DURATION

Even after final disposition of this litigation, the confidentiality obligations imposed by 

this Order shall remain in effect until a Designating Party agrees otherwise in writing or a 

court order otherwise directs. Final disposition shall be deemed to be the later of (1) dismissal 

of all claims and defenses in this action, with or without prejudice; and (2) final judgment 

herein after the completion and exhaustion of all appeals, rehearings, remands, trials, or 

reviews of this action, including the time limits for filing any motions or applications for 

extension of time pursuant to applicable law.

5. DESIGNATING PROTECTED MATERIAL

5.1 Exercise of Restraint and Care in Designating Material for Protection. Each 

Party or Non-Party that designates information or items for protection under this Order must 

take care to limit any such designation to specific material that qualifies under the appropriate 

standards. The Designating Party must designate for protection only those parts of material, 

documents, items, or oral or written communications that qualify – so that other portions of 

the material, documents, items, or communications for which protection is not warranted are 

not swept unjustifiably within the ambit of this Order.

Mass, indiscriminate, or routinized designations are prohibited. Designations that are 

shown to be clearly unjustified or that have been made for an improper purpose (e.g., to 

unnecessarily encumber or retard the case development process or to impose unnecessary 

expenses and burdens on other parties) expose the Designating Party to sanctions.

If it comes to a Designating Party’s attention that information or items that it designated for 

protection do not qualify for protection, that Designating Party must promptly notify all other 

Parties that it is withdrawing the mistaken designation.

5.2 Manner and Timing of Designations. Except as otherwise provided in this 

Order (see, e.g., second paragraph of section 5.2(a) below), or as otherwise stipulated or 

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ordered, Disclosure or Discovery Material that qualifies for protection under this Order must 

be clearly so designated before the material is disclosed or produced.

Designation in conformity with this Order requires:

(a) for information in documentary form (e.g., paper or electronic documents, but 

excluding transcripts of depositions or other pretrial or trial proceedings), that the Producing 

Party affix the legend “CONFIDENTIAL” to each page that contains protected material. If only 

a portion or portions of the material on a page qualifies for protection, the Producing Party 

also must clearly identify the protected portion(s) (e.g., by making appropriate markings in the 

margins).

A Party or Non-Party that makes original documents or materials available for 

inspection need not designate them for protection until after the inspecting Party has 

indicated which material it would like copied and produced. During the inspection and before 

the designation, all of the material made available for inspection shall be deemed 

“CONFIDENTIAL.” After the inspecting Party has identified the documents it wants copied 

and produced, the Producing Party must determine which documents, or portions thereof, 

qualify for protection under this Order. Then, before producing the specified documents, the 

Producing Party must affix the “CONFIDENTIAL” legend to each page that contains Protected 

Material. If only a portion or portions of the material on a page qualifies for protection, the 

Producing Party also must clearly identify the protected portion(s) (e.g., by making 

appropriate markings in the margins).

(b) for testimony given in deposition or in other pretrial or trial proceedings, that the 

Designating Party identify on the record, before the close of the deposition, hearing, or other 

proceeding, all protected testimony. 

(c) for information produced in some form other than documentary and for any other 

tangible items, that the Producing Party affix in a prominent place on the exterior of the 

container or containers in which the information or item is stored the legend 

“CONFIDENTIAL.” If only a portion or portions of the information or item warrant 

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protection, the Producing Party, to the extent practicable, shall identify the protected 

portion(s).

5.3 Inadvertent Failures to Designate. If timely corrected, an inadvertent failure to 

designate qualified information or items does not, standing alone, waive the Designating 

Party’s right to secure protection under this Order for such material. Upon timely correction of 

a designation, the Receiving Party must make reasonable efforts to assure that the material is 

treated in accordance with the provisions of this Order.

6. CHALLENGING CONFIDENTIALITY DESIGNATIONS

6.1 Timing of Challenges. Any Party or Non-Party may challenge a designation of 

confidentiality at any time. Unless a prompt challenge to a Designating Party’s confidentiality 

designation is necessary to avoid foreseeable, substantial unfairness, unnecessary economic 

burdens, or a significant disruption or delay of the litigation, a Party does not waive its right to 

challenge a confidentiality designation by electing not to mount a challenge promptly after the 

original designation is disclosed.

6.2 Meet and Confer. The Challenging Party shall initiate the dispute resolution 

process by providing written notice of each designation it is challenging and describing the 

basis for each challenge. To avoid ambiguity as to whether a challenge has been made, the 

written notice must recite that the challenge to confidentiality is being made in accordance 

with this specific paragraph of the Protective Order. The parties shall attempt to resolve each 

challenge in good faith and must begin the process by conferring directly (in voice to voice 

dialogue; other forms of communication are not sufficient) within 14 days of the date of 

service of notice. In conferring, the Challenging Party must explain the basis for its belief that 

the confidentiality designation was not proper and must give the Designating Party an 

opportunity to review the designated material, to reconsider the circumstances, and, if no 

change in designation is offered, to explain the basis for the chosen designation. A Challenging 

Party may proceed to the next stage of the challenge process only if it has engaged in this meet 

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and confer process first or establishes that the Designating Party is unwilling to participate in 

the meet and confer process in a timely manner.

6.3 Judicial Intervention. If the Parties cannot resolve a challenge without court 

intervention, the Designating Party shall file and serve a motion to retain confidentiality under 

Local Rule 230 (and in compliance with Local Rule 141, if applicable) within 21 days of the 

initial notice of challenge or within 14 days of the parties agreeing that the meet and confer 

process will not resolve their dispute, whichever is earlier. Each such motion must be 

accompanied by a competent declaration affirming that the movant has complied with the 

meet and confer requirements imposed in the preceding paragraph. Failure by the Designating 

Party to make such a motion including the required declaration within 21 days (or 14 days, if 

applicable) shall automatically waive the confidentiality designation for each challenged 

designation. In addition, the Challenging Party may file a motion challenging a confidentiality 

designation at any time if there is good cause for doing so, including a challenge to the 

designation of a deposition transcript or any portions thereof. Any motion brought pursuant to 

this provision must be accompanied by a competent declaration affirming that the movant has 

complied with the meet and confer requirements imposed by the preceding paragraph.

The burden of persuasion in any such challenge proceeding shall be on the Designating 

Party. Frivolous challenges, and those made for an improper purpose (e.g., to harass or 

impose unnecessary expenses and burdens on other parties) may expose the Challenging Party 

to sanctions. Unless the Designating Party has waived the confidentiality designation by 

failing to file a motion to retain confidentiality as described above, all parties shall continue to 

afford the material in question the level of protection to which it is entitled under the 

Producing Party’s designation until the court rules on the challenge.

7. ACCESS TO AND USE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL

7.1 Basic Principles. A Receiving Party may use Protected Material that is disclosed 

or produced by another Party or by a Non-Party in connection with this case only for 

prosecuting, defending, or attempting to settle this litigation. Such Protected Material may be 

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disclosed only to the categories of persons and under the conditions described in this Order. 

When the litigation has been terminated, a Receiving Party must comply with the provisions of 

section 13 below (FINAL DISPOSITION).

Protected Material must be stored and maintained by a Receiving Party at a location 

and in a secure manner that ensures that access is limited to the persons authorized under this 

Order.

7.2 Disclosure of “CONFIDENTIAL” Information or Items. Unless otherwise 

ordered by the court or permitted in writing by the Designating Party, a Receiving Party may 

disclose any information or item designated “CONFIDENTIAL” only to:

(a) the Receiving Party’s Outside Counsel of Record in this action, as well as 

employees of said Outside Counsel of Record to whom it is reasonably necessary to disclose 

the information for this litigation and who have signed the “Acknowledgment and Agreement 

to Be Bound” that is attached hereto as Exhibit A;

(b) the officers, directors, and employees (including House Counsel) of the Receiving 

Party to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary for this litigation and who have signed the 

“Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A);

(c) Experts (as defined in this Order) of the Receiving Party to whom disclosure is 

reasonably necessary for this litigation and who have signed the “Acknowledgment and 

Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A);

(d) the court and its personnel;

(e) court reporters and their staff, professional jury or trial consultants, mock jurors, 

and Professional Vendors to whom disclosure is reasonably necessary for this litigation and 

who have signed the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit A);

(f) during their depositions, witnesses in the action to whom disclosure is reasonably 

necessary and who have signed the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” (Exhibit 

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A), unless otherwise agreed by the Designating Party or ordered by the court. Pages of 

transcribed deposition testimony or exhibits to depositions that reveal Protected Material 

must be separately bound by the court reporter and may not be disclosed to anyone except as 

permitted under this Stipulated Protective Order.

(g) the author or recipient of a document containing the information or a custodian or 

other person who otherwise possessed or knew the information.

8. PROTECTED MATERIAL SUBPOENAED OR ORDERED PRODUCED IN 

OTHER LITIGATION 

If a Party is served with a subpoena or a court order issued in other litigation that 

compels disclosure of any information or items designated in this action as 

“CONFIDENTIAL,” that Party must: 

(a) promptly notify in writing the Designating Party. Such notification shall include a 

copy of the subpoena or court order; 

(b) promptly notify in writing the party who caused the subpoena or order to issue in 

the other litigation that some or all of the material covered by the subpoena or order is subject 

to this Protective Order. Such notification shall include a copy of this Stipulated Protective 

Order; and 

(c) cooperate with respect to all reasonable procedures sought to be pursued by the 

Designating Party whose Protected Material may be affected.

If the Designating Party timely seeks a protective order, the Party served with the 

subpoena or court order shall not produce any information designated in this action as 

“CONFIDENTIAL” before a determination by the court from which the subpoena or order 

issued, unless the Party has obtained the Designating Party’s permission. The Designating 

Party shall bear the burden and expense of seeking protection in that court of its confidential 

material – and nothing in these provisions should be construed as authorizing or encouraging 

a Receiving Party in this action to disobey a lawful directive from another court.

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9. A NON-PARTY’S PROTECTED MATERIAL SOUGHT TO BE PRODUCED IN 

THIS LITIGATION

(a) The terms of this Order are applicable to information produced by a Non-Party in 

this action and designated as “CONFIDENTIAL.” Such information produced by Non-Parties 

in connection with this litigation is protected by the remedies and relief provided by this 

Order. Nothing in these provisions should be construed as prohibiting a Non-Party from 

seeking additional protections. 

(b) In the event that a Party is required, by a valid discovery request, to produce a 

Non-Party’s confidential information in its possession, and the Party is subject to an 

agreement with the Non-Party not to produce the Non-Party’s confidential information, then 

the Party shall: 

(1) promptly notify in writing the Requesting Party and the Non-Party that 

some or all of the information requested is subject to a confidentiality agreement with 

a Non-Party;

(2) promptly provide the Non-Party with a copy of the Stipulated Protective 

Order in this litigation, the relevant discovery request(s), and a reasonably specific 

description of the information requested; and 

(3) make the information requested available for inspection by the Non-Party. 

(c) If the Non-Party fails to object or seek a protective order from this court within 14 

days of receiving the notice and accompanying information, the Receiving Party may produce 

the Non-Party’s confidential information responsive to the discovery request. If the Non-Party 

timely seeks a protective order, the Receiving Party shall not produce any information in its 

possession or control that is subject to the confidentiality agreement with the Non-Party 

before a determination by the court. Absent a court order to the contrary, the Non-Party shall 

bear the burden and expense of seeking protection in this court of its Protected Material.

10. UNAUTHORIZED DISCLOSURE OF PROTECTED MATERIAL

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If a Receiving Party learns that, by inadvertence or otherwise, it has disclosed 

Protected Material to any person or in any circumstance not authorized under this Stipulated 

Protective Order, the Receiving Party must immediately (a) notify in writing the Designating 

Party of the unauthorized disclosures, (b) use its best efforts to retrieve all unauthorized 

copies of the Protected Material, (c) inform the person or persons to whom unauthorized 

disclosures were made of all the terms of this Order, and (d) request such person or persons to 

execute the “Acknowledgment and Agreement to Be Bound” that is attached hereto as Exhibit 

A.

11. INADVERTENT PRODUCTION OF PRIVILEGED OR OTHERWISE 

PROTECTED MATERIAL

When a Producing Party gives notice to Receiving Parties that certain inadvertently 

produced material is subject to a claim of privilege or other protection, the obligations of the 

Receiving Parties are those set forth in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(b)(5)(B). This 

provision is not intended to modify whatever procedure may be established in an e-discovery 

order that provides for production without prior privilege review. Pursuant to Federal Rule of 

Evidence 502(d) and (e), insofar as the parties reach an agreement on the effect of disclosure 

of a communication or information covered by the attorney-client privilege or work product 

protection, the parties may incorporate their agreement in the stipulated protective order 

submitted to the court.

12. MISCELLANEOUS

12.1 Right to Further Relief. Nothing in this Order abridges the right of any person 

to seek its modification by the court in the future.

12.2 Right to Assert Other Objections. By stipulating to the entry of this Protective 

Order no Party waives any right it otherwise would have to object to disclosing or producing 

any information or item on any ground not addressed in this Stipulated Protective Order. 

Similarly, no Party waives any right to object on any ground to use in evidence of any of the 

material covered by this Protective Order.

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12.3 Filing Protected Material. Without written permission from the Designating 

Party or a court order secured after appropriate notice to all interested persons, a Party may 

not file in the public record in this action any Protected Material. A Party that seeks to file 

under seal any Protected Material must comply with Local Rule 141. Protected Material may 

only be filed under seal pursuant to a court order authorizing the sealing of the specific 

Protected Material at issue. Pursuant to Local Rule 141, a sealing order will issue only upon a 

request establishing that the Protected Material at issue is privileged, protectable as a trade 

secret, or otherwise entitled to protection under the law. If a Receiving Party's request to file 

Protected Material under seal pursuant to Local Rule 141 is denied by the court, then the 

Receiving Party may file the information in the public record pursuant to Local Rule 141 

unless otherwise instructed by the court.

13. FINAL DISPOSITION

Within 60 days after the final disposition of this action, as defined in paragraph 4, each 

Receiving Party must return all Protected Material to the Producing Party or destroy such 

material. As used in this subdivision, “all Protected Material” includes all copies, abstracts, 

compilations, summaries, and any other format reproducing or capturing any of the Protected 

Material. Whether the Protected Material is returned or destroyed, the Receiving Party must 

submit a written certification to the Producing Party (and, if not the same person or entity, to 

the Designating Party) by the 60 day deadline that (1) identifies (by category, where 

appropriate) all the Protected Material that was returned or destroyed and (2) affirms that the 

Receiving Party has not retained any copies, abstracts, compilations, summaries or any other 

format reproducing or capturing any of the Protected Material. Notwithstanding this 

provision, Counsel are entitled to retain an archival copy of all pleadings, motion papers, trial, 

deposition, and hearing transcripts, legal memoranda, correspondence, deposition and trial 

exhibits, expert reports, attorney work product, and consultant and expert work product, even 

if such materials contain Protected Material. Any such archival copies that contain or 

constitute Protected Material remain subject to this Protective Order as set forth in Section 4 

(DURATION).

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IT IS SO STIPULATED, THROUGH COUNSEL OF RECORD.

DATED: February 25, 2020

/s/ Jane Brunner (as authorized on 2/25/20)

Attorneys for Attorneys for Plaintiff

Taylor Gamino

DATED: February 25, 2020

/s/ Kellie Murphy (as authorized on 2/25/20)

Attorney for Defendants 

Yosemite Community College, Et Al

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EXHIBIT A

ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND AGREEMENT TO BE BOUND

I, _____________________________ [print or type full name], of 

_________________ [print or type full address], declare under penalty of perjury that I 

have read in its entirety and understand the Stipulated Protective Order that was issued by the 

United States District Court for the Eastern District of California on [date] in the case of 

Gamino v. Yosemite Community College District, et al. Case No.: 1:18-cv-00391-LJO-SAB. I 

agree to comply with and to be bound by all the terms of this Stipulated Protective Order and I 

understand and acknowledge that failure to so comply could expose me to sanctions and 

punishment in the nature of contempt. I solemnly promise that I will not disclose in any 

manner any information or item that is subject to this Stipulated Protective Order to any 

person or entity except in strict compliance with the provisions of this Order.

I further agree to submit to the jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the 

Eastern District of California for the purpose of enforcing the terms of this Stipulated 

Protective Order, even if such enforcement proceedings occur after termination of this action.

I hereby appoint __________________________ [print or type full name] of 

_______________________________________ [print or type full address and 

telephone number] as my California agent for service of process in connection with this action 

or any proceedings related to enforcement of this Stipulated Protective Order.

Date: ______________________________________

City and State where sworn and signed: _________________________________

Printed name: _______________________________

Signature: __________________________________

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ORDER ENTERING STIPULATED PROTECTIVE ORDER

Pursuant to the stipulation of the parties, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that:

1. The above stipulated protective order is entered;

2. The parties are advised that pursuant to the Local Rules of the United States 

District Court, Eastern District of California, any documents which are to be filed 

under seal will require a written request which complies with Local Rule 141; 

3. The party making a request to file documents under seal shall be required to show 

good cause for documents attached to a nondispositive motion or compelling 

reasons for documents attached to a dispositive motion. Pintos v. Pacific 

Creditors Ass’n, 605 F.3d 665, 677-78 (9th Cir. 2009); and

4. If a party’s request to file Protected Material under seal is denied by the Court, 

then the previously filed material shall be immediately accepted by the court and 

become information in the public record and the information will be deemed filed 

as of the date that the request to file the Protected Information under seal was 

made. 

IT IS SO ORDERED.

Dated: February 27, 2020 

UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE

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