albertmartinez/OSDG huggingface dataset:
The culture of energy monitoring and submetering in energy-intensive firms also lessened the incidence of split incentives. With energy consumption closely monitored, associated costs can be more easily assigned to the appropriate departments. The Swedish pulp and paper industry found lack of accountability for energy costs to be the least important barrier to energy efficiency, largely because of technically competent staff and the use of sub-metering to allocate energy costs to departments (Thollander and Ottosson 2008). Like pulp and paper, the foundry industry in Sweden is energy-intensive. It is also more electricity-intensive than other European foundries because of tight environmental controls that motivated a switch to electric furnaces — enabled by the low electricity prices before the market was liberalized.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
For India to play its part in realising the global goals of the BLUE scenario, it will need to achieve rapid economic development over the next 40 years with only a very small increase in C02 emissions. Currently there is no precedent for such a low-C02 development path. It will need to be based on meeting the increasing energy needs of India's growing population through the widespread deployment of a range of existing and new low-carbon technologies.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
In this work, I analyze diverse material produced by groups of the families of political prisoners and the 'missing', as well as other organizations active in the resistance of Southern Cone military regimes, in an attempt to show how emotions and genders are intertwined in a rhetoric that appeals to the feelings of public opinion with political objectives. In much of their material, the organizations and associations made gender an agent in order to touch on public sentiment, constructing a rhetoric that approximates and encompasses the issue of Human Rights so as to combat, on the one hand, the torture and extermination of political militants, and on the other, to help discredit and weaken the military regimes, having contributed to their downfall throughout the 1980s in the entire Southern Cone.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
These developments indicate the political need for the WTO to act in order to secure delivery on the SDGs. Finally, it outlines negotiation scenarios with a view to securing an outcome where the WTO delivers SDG14 implementation. In short, submissions from the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) group of countries and the least developed countries (LDC) group each signals a willingness to continue debate on a multilateral basis, subject to special and differential treatment (S&DT)—whereas the EU submission and the joint submission of six Latin American countries offered advances in the technical debate.2 Crucially, the fifth proposal, by Japan, indicated a possible rollback to the stalemate of the late 2000s.3 Two additional points inform the context of the post-MCIO submission at the WTO. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg14)
The agenda succeeds the United Nations Millennium Declaration, which established the Millennium Development Goals, and represents a considerable expansion in scope and ambition. It comprises 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (see figure 6.1) and 169 associated targets, and takes a global perspective - seeking to provide a comprehensive, strategic direction to the economic, social and environmental dimensions of development. The need for an integrated approach to the SDGs is nowhere more relevant than in the context of climate change.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg12)
Introducing individual taxation, as in Sweden, would lead to a marked rise in the labour market participation of mothers, a slight fall in fathers’ participation, and, therefore, more equal sharing of paid work. This result was corroborated by Eichhorst etal. ( It found that individual taxation would lead to a more equal distribution of paid work between partners, especially those partners with medium to high levels of educational attainment.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
First, the PEIB constitutes an important first step, but it does not sufficiently address the special needs or traditions of Indigenous communities. For example, pedagogical methodologies do not adequately reflect Indigenous cultures or traditions. Moreover, pedagogical tools such as teacher guides and textbooks are designed for the general population and do not necessarily take into account the context or learning needs of Indigenous students.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
Since 2008 a new service has been created - which is now rolled out to every CCG. A new workforce has been trained, with 4,934 professionals trained in the fust five academic years. Over 2.4 million people have entered treatment, and over 1.4 million have completed treatment. Over 1 million patients have reached recovery - and the current recovery rate is 44.8% (Quarter 4: 2013/14).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
This model does not simulate benefits and the study is therefore limited to the tax side only. The figure below shows that pre-tax inequality (which includes benefits) has risen substantially. The rise was particularly notable between 1978 and 1992. The Gini coefficient has increased by some 8 points (or 24%) over the period as a whole.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Its provisions include procedures for the registration and monitoring of LMOs and LMO products, risk assessment and transboundarv movements of LMOs and border checkpoints. They also address LMO production, manufacturing and use. Provisions on managing LMOs and LMO products are also included in the 2012 Law on Food and 2012 Law on Ensuring the Safety of Food Products, in the National Security' Concept, adopted by the State Great Khural in 2010 and in the NBP 2015-2025. Prior to 2015, a draft national action plan for biosafety was developed but it was not adopted. However these two objectives of the NBP 2015-2025 cannot substitute for a national action plan for biosafety. A-27 and revised by the 2013 Ministerial Order No.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
More children are going to school, people are living longer, incomes are higher and people have greater potential to shape their societies and their future under democratic forms of government. But the gains have not been universal, and not all lives have been lifted. This reality was the impetus for the intergovernmental agreement on the 2030 Agenda, which aims to leave no one behind. Millions of people are indeed unable to reach their full potential in life because they suffer deprivations in multiple dimensions of human development—lacking income and secure livelihoods, experiencing hunger and malnutrition, having no or limited access to social services, fearing violence and discrimination and being marginalized from the political processes that shape their lives.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
These zones aim to foster the development of manufacturing facilities and exports, create employment and training opportunities for Libyans, transfer technology and knowledge, and diversify the economy. Investors in free zone activities benefit from expedited business establishment processes, free repatriation of capital and profits, energy supply at local rates, exemption from commercial registration, tax, custom duty restrictions, exchange controls and monitoring, and vast areas of land on lease for up to 30 years (renewable). In response, the MENA-OECD Investment Programme launched the Iraq Project, which helps identify and support policy reforms through research and policy dialogue.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg8)
Prime-age workers also have relatively large shares of exits at high and low levels of skill, while overwhelmingly moving into medium-skill occupations. This section examines the development of levels of education of foreign-bom workers in comparison with Thai-bom workers in the context of changing labour market needs in the country. Additionally, the share of foreign-bom employed with a secondary education was below the corresponding share of Thai-bom workers. Nevertheless, a larger share of foreign-bom workers had obtained a tertiary education (13.1% versus 4.9% of the Thai-bom employed).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg8)
The difference is a subtle but important one, particularly as the polarized debate between balanced versus unbalanced growth has tended to pitch industrial policy and planning as being opposed. Far from simply focusing on "small” mechanisms that identity- and remove roadblocks for economic activities, “large” mechanisms that give strategic importance to certain industries play a critical role in promoting linkages through unbalanced growth thus inducing industrialization (Hausmann et al., Some critical considerations that have direct relevance for organizing infrastructure investments in developing countries are as follows.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
Food and nutrition security is achieved when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life (FAO, WFP and IFAD, 2012). The challenge of achieving Zero Hunger becomes more profound if contextualized at a global scale, especially when considering climate change. During previous decades, crop production has focused on the cultivation of several starchy crops.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
The increasing household income and the lower prices of manufactured goods as a result of higher productivity thus have an impact on the demand structure for manufactured goods. A closer look at consumers' perspective of industrialisation is warranted to shed light on the driving forces behind those structures. An income shift thus starts a virtuous circle of manufacturing consumption and industrial development, illustrated in Figure 3.4 (UNIDO, 2017b).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
While countries with fewer resources also have institutions with fewer resources, well-invested resources can have a big impact on local business and economic growth. Low income countries score the worst in understanding customer needs, and the dispersion is small, indicating that most countries in this group have problems in this area. Middle income countries also score fairly low in understanding their client needs, but the dispersion in scores is bigger, showing differences across countries.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
Since 2010 Lithuania is a State Party of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities of the United Nations. The development of education policy in Lithuania as concerns the right to inclusive education for children with disabilities is analysed as well as the factual trends of education of children with disabilities in segregated and regular educational settings. Author explores the assumption that intersection of the patterns of medical model of and neoliberal mindset in educational discourse impedes the implementation of human rights standards, reasonable accommodation particularly.  Nuo 2010 m. Lietuva yra Jungtinių Tautų Neįgaliųjų teisių konvencijos salis narė. Analizuojama svietimo politikos plėtra Lietuvoje, atsižvelgiant į neįgalių vaikų teise į įtraukųjį ugdymą, taip pat faktinės neįgalių vaikų ugdymo tendencijos segregacinėje ir įprastoje ugdymo aplinkoje. Autorius nagrinėja prielaidą, kad medicininio modelio ir neoliberalios mąstysenos struktūrų susikirtimas edukaciniame diskurse trukdo įgyvendinti žmogaus teisių standartus, ypac tinkamą sąlygų pritaikymą.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
These factors determine the share of income distributed in the form of wages and salaries vis-a-vis profits and rents. In addition, income distribution depends on access to (and the quality of) education, tax policies, social protection, non-discrimination laws and philanthropy. As discussed in the next section of this chapter, direct taxes and social protection can play a powerful role in ameliorating market income inequality. Production is also driven by the demand for a country's goods and services, which are in turn affected by demographic factors, access to financial services and policies such as consumption taxes and other fiscal measures.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
In absolute terms, the population decline in predominantly rural regions was 97 669 people in the period of 2000-17. These population dynamics across different types of regions in Korea are in line with OECD trends (Figure 1.3). In almost all OECD countries, regions with predominantly rural population have seen a decrease in population in the aforementioned period (OECD, 2018p]). However, Korea’s predominantly rural regions are amongst the rural regions that have experienced the most dramatically decreases. According to the evidence, two out of five regions experienced population growth in the period of 2000-2017.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
The expansion in consumption has been driven not only by increased production, but also by other factors, including reduced wastage. In 2015, fish accounted for about 17 percent of animal protein consumed by the global population. Moreover, fish provided about 3.2 billion people with almost 20 percent of their average per capita intake of animal protein.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg14)
While differences in competences other than information-processing skills may underlie some of these patterns, the results suggest that skills policies will be more effective in narrowing wage gaps between certain socio-demographic groups than others. To prevent rising wage inequality, investments in skills that are in high demand are particularly important. This finding underlines the importance for countries to assess current and future skills needs and to make sure that their education and training systems are responsive to changing skills needs. The chapter also highlights the need to make better use of skills at work, which takes the policy discussion to the heart of what goes on in the workplace: the role of leadership and management, how work is organised, job design, internal mobility, and personnel and recruitment policies more generally.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
Dementia affects one person in 20 aged over 65 and one person in five over 80. In the next 10 years, the number of people aged over 65 will increase by 15% and the number of people aged over 85 will increase by 27%.In cost of illness studies, the direct costs of Alzheimer’s disease alone exceed the combined cost of stroke, cancer and heart disease. There is much that can be done to improve the quality of life of older people with mental health problems and their carers.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
Direct subsidies for important projects such as building BRT systems can also help. It can voluntarily improve its vehicle fleet fuel economy, more aggressively market its more efficient vehicles and provide better information to consumers. Renault, for example, has lobbied for a harmonisation in European vehicle C02 tax policies, which currently vary considerably among the 27 EU countries. Ultimately though, voluntary fuel economy improvement programmes have been found to be inadequate, national standards and tax policies appear necessary to successfully lower the fuel intensity of passenger cars.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
A very early global CGE model with water GTAP-W developed by Berrittella et al. Water and other inputs enter into the final output production function in fixed proportion. Sectoral demand for water responds to a water rent, which is triggered once water supply falls short of demand. The rent increases proportionally with the water gap.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
In an attempt to divide and marginalize the black population, the apartheid regime forcefully relocated some 3.5 million South Africans to rural homelands between 1960 and 1980. This event, considered one of history’s largest social engineering exercises, created overcrowded and economically deprived communities of displaced people. This article uses geo-coded data to explore the long-term effects of removals on current measures of social capital. Comparing people within the same homeland, I show that those living close to former resettlement camps have higher levels of trust towards members of their social network, people in general, and members of other ethnic groups. These findings are important, as solidarity among suppressed people is believed to be a critical factor in explaining the demise of the apartheid regime.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Victoria is one of the prime locations for science and research in Australia and the state government aims to make innovation a pillar of its “healthy, sustainable and productive”future. While strong investments have been made in leading-edge science and research infrastructure, there is a need to ensure returns on investment in terms of job creation and business formation. The emphasis of research policy is on international excellence.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
Such a shift in viewpoint may account for a larger number of cases being identified and disclosed, rather than an actual rise in mental health problems of such dramatic proportion. In any case, it is recommended that a disability benefit scheme be developed for individuals under 30 that emphasises vocational rehabilitation and replaces disability benefit entitlement for youth for prolonged schooling with a study grant. In order to reduce the tendency of early dependence on disability benefits, it is suggested that labour policies and measures should be put in place that boost labour demand and encourage hiring of young people (OECD, 2013b). The health care system in Sweden, mainly financed through general taxation, is highly decentralised and characterised by universal coverage and equal access to services.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
Godoy, Angelina Snodgrass. Popular Injustice: Violence, Community, and Law in Latin America. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2006. Notes, bibliography, index, 233 pp., hardcover $50, paperback $19.95. McSherry, J. Patrice. Predatory States: Operation Condor and Covert War in Latin America. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield, 2005. Photographs, maps, notes, bibliography, index, 320 pp., hardcover $75, paperback $27.95. Pereira, Anthony W. Political (In)Justice: Authoritarianism and the Rule of Law in Brazil, Chile, and Argentina. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2005. Maps, figures, tables, notes, bibliography, index, 280 pp., paperback $27.95. Welna, Christopher, and Gustavo Gall6n, eds. Peace, Democracy, and Human Rights in Colombia. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 2007. Figures, tables, notes, bibliography, index, 472 pp., paperback 37.50.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Annabel S. Erulkar and Mairo Bello, “The Experience of Married Adolescent Girls in Northern Nigeria”, The Population Council, Inc., 2007, (http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/ Nigeria_MarriedAdol.pdf) (accessed 5 September 2011). National Agency for the Control of AIDS, “National HIV/AIDS Response Review 2005-09”, Abuja, Nigeria, 2010. National Agency for the Control of AIDS, Country Progress Report: Nigeria. See ABANTU for Development, Empowering Youth through Comprehensive Reproductive Health Programmes (London/Accra: ABANTU for Development, 2004), ActionAid Nigeria, Mapping Civil Society’s Involvement in HTV/AIDS Programmes in Nigeria.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
As in the case of BRT schemes, authorities have negotiated with incumbent operators to annul individual concessions in exchange for giving priority in granting new concessions to enterprises formed by these incumbent operators. While no smart card has yet been introduced, buses acquired by concessionaires are required to be prepared for introducing this technology in the near future. The BRS corridors introduced to date are Valenciana-Tacubaya, Chapultepec-Palmas and Pefion-Panteon San Isidro. The price of the service is MXN 7 (USD 0.5).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
These developments invite reflection about the role of education, so often seen as primarily for the young. The chapter ends with a look at how using different versions of the future can help us better prepare for the unknown. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of tire Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
This article examines the impact of a mayor's ideology in shaping the political consciousness of prominent actors associated with community development and revitalizing distressed neighborhoods. Deviating from the pragmatic approaches to governing of many other recent mayors, Mayor Stephen Goldsmith of Indianapolis advocated a populist ideology based on limited government and citizen empowerment. Close inspection of Goldsmith's community development policies, however, reveals a surprisingly extensive deployment of public power and resources along with efforts to empower neighborhood organizations. Goldsmith's mixture of populist rhetoric and progressive behavior produced a contradictory consciousness among community leaders. Although virtually all applauded the mayor's emphasis on popular empowerment, some developed a populist distrust of government while others came to insist on aggressive government intervention as the key to neighborhood revitalization. Such conflicted perceptions about the role of government have simultaneously inhibited revitalization efforts while laying a cultural foundation for future activism within Indianapolis's neighborhoods.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Recently there have been calls for public health to reconnect to urban planning in ways that emphasize the impact of place on health and that address fundamental causes of poor health, such as poverty, social inequality, and discrimination. Community developers have realized that poor health limits individuals’ and communities’ economic potential and have begun to integrate into their work such neighborhood health issues as access to fresh food and open space. In this article we review recent shifts in the community development field and give examples of programs that operate at the intersection of community development, public health, and civic engagement. For example, in Sacramento, California, the Building Healthy Communities program successfully promoted the creation of community gardens and bike paths and the redevelopment of brownfields. A major housing revitalization initiative in San Francisco, California, known as Sunnydale-Velasco, is transforming the city’s largest public housing site into a mi...
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
This administrative capital is also expected to attract private business and diverse industries such as health care, welfare, culture and international cooperation and advanced technology. In order to promote balanced location of administrative functions. Ten innovation cities are being developed nationwide, relocating 154 public agencies from the Capital region to the provinces. Innovation cities are constructed to accommodate not only government organisations but also private actors including enterprises and universities, pursuing to create innovative clusters.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
It presents the motivation, rationale and scope of demand-side policies and provides examples of different national strategies and approaches. The policy instruments reviewed include innovation-based public procurement, technology-oriented regulations, product standards and the European Union's Lead Market Initiative. While there is no single definition of demand-oriented innovation policy, it can be understood as a set of public measures to increase the demand for innovations, to improve the conditions for the uptake of innovations or to improve the articulation of demand in order to spur innovations and facilitate their diffusion (Edler, 2007).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)