albertmartinez/OSDG huggingface dataset:
While the workings of mass media may run contrary to much of the established thinking on ‘good ESD’, the reach and impact of mass media as mechanisms for raising awareness and even affecting public opinion are undeniable. As such, there is probably a great deal of untapped potential in the use of these media for awareness-raising campaigns related to sustainability issues. The review of available information turned up no reference to systematic work with mass media for ESD.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
Appropriately designed solutions should focus on solving the causes of issues, such as policy risk or better designed markets. On the contrary, options that pick up technologies such as targeted contracts, and in certain cases, standards and norms, carry the risk of significant indirect costs. Market integration over large geographical areas will bring benefits. It reduces dispatching and balancing costs and facilitates the accommodation of increasing shares of variable renewables.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Second, in a number of countries, the law sets specific limitations to TWA employment while there are no such limitations for FTCs. The figure presents the contribution of different subcomponents to the indicator of regulation for TWA employment (EPTWA). The height of the bar represents the value of the EPTWA indicator. In a few other countries (Austria, Finland, the Netherlands and New Zealand), regulation in this area focuses only on the employment contract.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Sadly, since 2007 there have been signs that the suicide rate has risen in England. With “recovery” and “outcomes” established as key priorities of the most recent mental health strategy, “No Health Without Mental Health”, indicators and outcome measures remain important. Quality monitoring is the responsibility of the groups detailed in section 3.4, many of which produce qualitative or quantitative data. The current (2012) NHS Outcomes Framework establishes “increased life expectancy” and “reduced differences in life expectancy and healthy life expectancy between communities” as two high-level outcomes to be achieved across the health system.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
Yet, as highlighted earlier, redistribution without competitive economic incentives can undermine productivity and economic growth. The relationship between inequality, growth and poverty thus strikes a delicate balance. In order to reduce poverty effectively and sustainably, growth must be combined with sustained investments in human capital, such as education and health, and food and nutrition security, that keep income and non-income inequalities at constructive levels.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Out of the ten fastest growing cities in the world, two are in Africa, excluding North Africa. This intensifies the imperative to proactively plan and ensure sustainable urbanization and sustainable consumption and production patterns. With an average growth rate of 4 per cent per year, the carbon foot-print per person is certain to rise. As the middle class expands, people will have a higher propensity to spend on new products and services, with construction being a key driver of materials use.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg12)
This article compares the constitutive relationship between foreign policy and globalisation in Australia and New Zealand. Drawing upon insights from constructivist international relations theory we argue that foreign policy instantiates a state's social identity, its self-understanding of its role and moral purpose by projecting a distinctive image onto the global stage. We explore the differences and the similarities between Australia and New Zealand by examining how each country views international order, global trade, global governance and human rights and international security. Although both countries appear to be transforming themselves into more ‘globalised’ states, there are significant differences in the way each seeks to balance the competing strategic and normative demands. This diplomatic divergence, we argue, stems from different conceptions of state identity.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
These needs are for forest products and services, such as wood and wood products, water, food, fodder, medicine, fuel, shelter, employment, recreation, habitats for wildlife, landscape diversity, carbon sinks and reservoirs, and for other forest products. Appropriate measures should be taken to protect forests against harmful effects of pollution, inducing air-borne pollution, fires, pests and diseases, in order to maintain their full multiple value. ( Therefore, in the United Nations Forum on Forests, each country reports annually on the status of its achievements.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
Abstract Improving intelligence analysis requires bridging the gap between scholarship and practice. Intelligence studies as an academic discipline is not very theoretical compared to the more established disciplines of political science and international relations. In terms of conceptual depth, levels of abstraction and theoretical development, even the theoretical portions of the academic intelligence studies literature could be described as policy relevant and potentially useful for practitioners, including intelligence analysts. Yet despite this orientation to the practitioner, there is still a substantial gap between scholars and practitioners, thus replicating within a more applied context the conventional theory/practice divide that exists in other fields. Those fields do, however, possess a variety of ideas and recommendations that could be used to bring scholarship on intelligence analysis closer to practice. If implemented, these ideas might help actualize the benefits of scholarship that are as...
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Chinese migrants are often used as an example of socio-spatial self-segregation, exemplified in Chinatown studies. Drawing on scholarship on citizenship and multiculturalism, I analyze the case stu...
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
If the chief physician or psychiatrist considers that treatment may continue under outpatient status, a request for involuntary outpatient treatment may be submitted to the administrative court. Involuntary treatment may only begin if the patient has objected to it or if the patient’s mental condition is “a well-founded reason to believe that the care cannot be given with his or her consent” (Bolling et al, 2009). When the need for care is assessed, it should also be taken into consideration whether the patient, as a result of his or her condition, is a danger to other people’s health or safety. No minimum age for compulsory psychiatric treatment is specified.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
This results in a higher quantity of processed e-waste that must be accounted for and reported to the national enforcement authority. The WEEE Directive prescribes that Member States shall encourage the design and production of electrical and electronic equipment, which accounts for and facilitates dismantling and recovery, in particular the reuse and recycling of e-waste, its components, and materials. Member States shall adopt appropriate measures in order to minimise the disposal of e-waste as unsorted municipal waste, and achieve a high level of separate collection of e-waste.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg12)
The underlying legislation is Law No. Of this, half goes to CARs to be spent on environmental and watershed protection, and half to municipal governments for municipal development plans, with a preference for environmental or sanitation improvements. This has raised around USD 84 million annually in recent years (MADS and DIAN, 2012). This raises around USD 11 million annually (MADS and DIAN, 2012).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
Citizen access to government-held information and the amelioration of environmental problems are considered statutory matters in the United States, but at the international level these are seen as fundamental human rights. In recent years two categories of human rights demanded by activists, the right to government information and the right to environmental protection, have converged into a new human right—the right to government information about the environment. The 1998 Aarhus Convention, binding in more than forty nations in Europe and Central Asia, is the first multilateral treaty to specifically denote a human right to government information about the environment. While the Aarhus Convention has some untested procedural difficulties and laborious bureaucratic requirements, the treaty can serve as a model for the world's nations at large, because citizen oversight of government actions toward the natural world is a powerful tool for those concerned about both the environment and government transparency.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Their take-up rate should also be increased, as currently planned by the government for the coming years. The BEPS are individual retirement accounts that target those working in the informal sector, with irregular wages or with wages below the minimum wage, and those who have not contributed enough to the contributory regime to be entitled to a pension (that, by law, must be at least equal to the minimum wage). The government’s top up rate on individuals’ voluntary contributions to the BEPS would be 20%. The BEPS specifically targets low-income households: only those in the three lower socio-economic strata (the so-called Sisben 1 to 3) can be covered by the BEPS.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
Dr Degazon-Johnson expressed thanks to Samuel Isaacs and his team at SAQA, with special mention of Dr James Keevy. In respect of the Commonwealth Teacher Recruitment Protocol, increased advocacy to support its implementation was urged as one role that the proposed task force could undertake. Finally, a global initiative on teachers, which could take the form of a consultation or forum, was proposed as was the importance of capacity building to ensure that research took into account policy and broader collaboration across partners to advance information sharing. Researching the Challenges and Opportunities for International Teacher Recruitment and Retention.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
Part-time workers cannot benefit. The policy framework in place within the FPA does not facilitate teleworking arrangements for public sector employees, which makes Mexico an unusual case in the OECD. And as the SFP does not collect information on the numbers of unionised and non-unionised workers and the differences in rules that regulate their working conditions, it is difficult to determine how many FPA employees actually benefit from work-life balance measures and what those are. Proactive measures such as gender-equality hiring and promotion targets are increasingly being used (see Table 5.2). The country is currently stepping up efforts to implement policies and programmes to improve gender equality across the FPA. For example, the Institutional Culture Programme developed by INMUJERES is designed to encourage all public institutions to undertake gender equality self-assessments - on issues like equal opportunity practices in hiring, time use by gender, capacity-building opportunities and sexual harassment-and to draw up action plans to integrate the gender perspective into personnel management processes.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
A large body of evidence suggests that greater sense of belonging and social connectedness at school are generally associated with higher well-being outcomes later on in life. As in other OECD countries, higher educational achievements are generally associated with higher earnings and better social outcomes (although the education “premium” in Korea is somewhat smaller than in other OECD countries). However, compared to other OECD countries and G7 countries, Koreans with tertiary education degrees are not always better protected from unemployment than those with lower qualifications.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
While this helps to drive innovation, national quality infrastructure bodies have a role to play to guarantee that these emerging standards are transparent, interoperable, secure and inclusive, and that they protect privacy. It is also necessary to avoid the creation of overlapping standards by private sector actors. A number of non-profit organizations, both public and private, are also involved in this area. Distributed ledger technologies (DLTs), such as blockchain, are used to enhance security, trust and compliance.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
Second, international examples of policies and practices to tackle key challenges are described, including examples of financing mechanisms to steer provision towards improving access and quality and to stimulate private investment in adult learning. The third part outlines the chapter’s recommendations for improving the financing of adult learning in Portugal. Several stakeholders emphasised the overly centralised nature of decision making on the funding of adult-leaming programmes.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
For example, greater investments in education and digital skills are crucial for countries to exploit the benefits of ICTs. Digital skills are not only required to develop and operate networks and systems, but also to use and benefit from digital tools and services. Other examples include: supporting governments in using ICTs for more effective and efficient systems (e.g. tax systems) and developing user-friendly digital products and services, support the development and implementation of STI policies, support initiatives in innovation and entrepreneurship, and enhancing the planning and delivery of development co-operation through greater use of digital tools. More than one-third of all concessional finance to STI is reported as “globally unallocated”.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
Also, the NAP/AP ratio of 0.29 appears abnormally low in comparison to other countries in West Africa with a comparable level of urbanisation. Therefore, the agricultural population appears to be overestimated. This is also appears highly improbable given that over the same period the level of urbanisation increased from 12 to 30% (U/R ratio from 0.14 in 1980 to 0.43 in 2010).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
Thus, after socio-economic status is accounted for, private schools do not perform better than public schools, and schools that compete with other schools for students do not perform better than schools that don't compete. Thus, the cross-country analysis suggests that systems, as a whole, do not benefit from a greater prevalence of private schools or school competition. Principals' perceptions of school competition are not necessarily the same as that of the parents of students in their schools.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
In 2012, while Hong Kong, China remained as the highest importer of electricity at 46%, but that was a decrease from 2011. The Russian Federation was second-highest at 35%, which was higher than in 2011. It has a reciprocal electricity trading relationship with Hong Kong, China as well as Myanmar and the Republic of Korea.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
In this way, all participants of the value chain are provided with the same validated data at the same point in time, so there is no trust needed between the stakeholders. Interfaces with related organisations of the private and public sectors can be uniquely identified, and monitored throughout the network. Measures such as embargos, specifically complex sector-based embargos or special tariffs and limitations, could be depicted on the network and therefore ensure that invalid transactions cannot be triggered by one party. The full transparency provided by blockchain would make the processing of forged transactions very difficult and corrupt corporations and officials would face significant restrictions in misallocating funds. As mentioned in section 1.2, smart contract functionalities, and the native integration of IoT devices (e.g. sensors, mobile devices, cars) throughout all levels of the value chain, would enable an advanced degree of integrity and automation.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
Moving away from solo practices, a new model of primary care centre was created in 2006 - a Family Health Unit (FHU). These teams have functional and technical autonomy and a payment system sensitive to performance that is designed to reward productivity, accessibility and quality, with core indicators used to measure performance and tied to the payment system. The FHUs cover primary care services, including services such as nursing services, home visits, etc. Provider participation is voluntary with set criteria on the composition and number of health professionals in each unit.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
Patricia Hill Collins presents and discusses gender and gender role norms, behaviors, and ideologies among African Americans in an interdisciplinary diagnostic endeavor that calls attention to health, economic, behavioral, and psychosocial patterns related to social injustice and inequality. Collins presents several popular culture, mass media, and social science literature topics that call for a progressive Black sexual politics necessary for African American empowerment. A most crucial and apparent point of Collins's discussion is that improvement in the lives of African Americans requires inspection and analysis of gender and sexuality related intragroup variation and diversity. I situate this discussion primarily within a post-civil rights ideological revolution related to the European American “gaze,” multiculturalism, and European American emotional ambivalence toward the Black body. It is proposed that Collins's analysis of the intersectionality of race, gender, and sexuality among African American...
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
The Ministry of Environment and Water compiles the required outputs necessary for Bulgaria’s projections reporting. The information is collected on an annual basis by letters to every information source requesting provision of the necessary activity data, with a response deadline. All data types, as well as the deadlines for submissions to the Executive Environment Agency, are regulated by the above-mentioned official agreements, as well as by the Regulation of the Council of Ministers No.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
Evidence from national and international programmes shows that while efficient components might yield minor gains, systems optimization can yield much larger gains (20-30 percent), with payback periods of less than two years (ECLAC 2010, Garcia et al. Energy management systems can help firms develop an energy use baseline, actively manage energy costs and document savings for internal and external use (such as greenhouse gas emission credits). A good energy management system is vital for identifying opportunities for sustainable energy savings (Worrell 2011). A successful energy management system starts with a strong organizational commitment. A study of Turkey’s textile sector suggests that implementing an energy management system company-wide is the best approach (Ozturk 2005). Energy management systems involve costs in wages, consultancy and other fees, so their cost effectiveness varies with the firm’s size and energy intensity.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
The study also found that one in five children lives in extreme poverty. As is the case with monetary poverty, there is a pronounced difference among the countries when it comes to the failure to meet at least one extreme need, with variations ranging from 8% to 42% (see box 1.6). Although at first glance this might seem positive, there are several elements that need to be considered.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
How skills are rewarded (or the "price" they command on the labour market) also varies significantly across countries. Skills are much more highly rewarded in the United States and England/Northern Ireland than they are in Sweden, Finland and Denmark. These differences in the returns to skills reflect a mixture of: i) market forces, and ii) wage setting mechanisms (e.g. minimum wages and collective bargaining) that set wages independently of market forces.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
To facilitate co-ordination, shared responsibilities should be implemented jointly, to the extent possible, at national, regional and local level. Given the large share of LP forests in Natura 2000 sites, the LP should adapt its rules and practices to better protect biodiversity, the GDEP could help it in this regard. Co-operation in this area would be enhanced by development of a comprehensive assessment of the economic value of ecosystem services provided by forests.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
Dinesha Samararatne focuses on the process of ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD 2006) in Sri Lanka. In particular, she is concerned with the following questions: why did Sri Lanka initially sign and then later ratify the CRPD? In what ways has ratification impacted on State action, civil society engagement and advocacy for the human rights of persons with disabilities? Has it influenced or led to the development of a ‘rights-based approach’ to disability among stakeholders? What does Sri Lanka’s experience suggest in terms of ratification of human rights treaties in general and specifically in terms of advancement of disability rights through international human rights treaty law? Samararatne considers these questions through an analysis of the process adopted by Sri Lanka in ratifying the CRPD.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Most of the necessary actors should have already been identified and engaged in the Score-card exercise. Some additional analytical work might be needed to be able to estimate the costs and benefits of potential measures in order to prioritize them. Time will be necessary to develop, consult and agree on a draft Action Plan among different governmental institutions and to consult with other stakeholders.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
With the same level of climate change impacts, but with universal access to basic services, reduced inequality and extreme poverty affecting less than 3 percent of the world's population, the number of additional poor is projected to be just 16 million (Rozenberg and Hallegatte, 2015). Under the worst-case scenario, much of the forecast increase in the number of poor occurs in Africa (43 million) and South Asia (62 million). Reduced income in the agricultural sector explains the largest share of increased poverty as a result of climate change.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
The greatest difference is in Peru, where the indigence rate is almost three times as high for indigenous as for non-indigenous people (12.7% versus 4.7%). In education, differences in completion rates for the different educational cycles, particularly in the adult population, speak volumes. For the primary cycle, completion rates are lower for the indigenous population in all the countries with disaggregated data in their household surveys, among both young people and the working-age population.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
This paper "frames" the study of lawyers in Canadian history against major interpretations of the legal profession and legal professionalism including the historical self-understandings of organized legal professions in the common law world, market-control theorists, institutional, and cultural history approaches. The article serves as the introduction to a new book on THE PROMISE AND PERILS OF LAW: LAWYERS IN CANADIAN HISTORY, which includes essays on the history of legal education, the practice of law, Quebec's legal distinctiveness, constitutionalism and the rule of law, and issues in race, gender, and diversity.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)