albertmartinez/OSDG huggingface dataset:
Furthermore, the most severe accidents have occurred in these stages. Most of the severe accidents involved tankers (collisions, explosions, fires and impact with the ground) and road accidents during regional distribution. In the oil chain, fatalities are fairly evenly distributed among workers and the public (Burgherr and Hirschberg, 2008a).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
In this respect, no formal procedure for collecting periodical financial data from operators has been instituted. The framework does not include periodical adjustments that respond to cost increases, and there is no clear procedure for determining what affordable tariffs are. Just as in the case of the microbus framework, rigid and discretionary fares can impose major restrictions on guaranteeing high-quality services. Furthermore, without a transparent fare calculation and adjustment formula, the framework continues to fail to offer certainty for operators on their ability to recover investments or have future cost increases reflected in their revenues.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
The proposed curriculum, as embodiment of culture, of relations of power, politics and economy are manifested in the university through pedagogical projects of their courses - PPC. In this way, considering the relevance of the question in a time of democratizing access to education, it must be also considered how will or how is being performed the permanence of all people in university, and how the future science teachers are being prepared for the diversity. Thus, we analyzed the PPC of the licentiate courses in sciences (Biology, Physics, Mathematics, and Chemistry) of a public institution of higher education in Jatai City, Goias State, focusing on Inclusive Education and how it is being dealt in these training courses for teachers. In the documents of the examined courses, there was no reference to training for diversity, and no discipline or reference approaching this subject.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Similarly, the countries that participated in the second wave of collection between 2006 and 2008 will be referenced as 2008. These countries include Australia, Hungary, the Netherlands, and New Zealand. There is no arbitrary standard distinguishing adults who have or do not have skills. For example, many previous studies have distinguished between adults who are either “literate” or “illiterate”.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
First, the section provides an overview of context-specific priorities and challenges in terms of institutional arrangement at the regional scale. Then it discusses the need for a balance between top-down and bottom-up approaches in the NUP processes, by reviewing some country-specific examples. In some instances, responsibility is being delegated increasingly to subnational authorities, such as metropolitan governments.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
By mid-2012, 2.8 million elderly people (around 60% of all eligible individuals) were receiving a monthly flat-rate benefit (non-taxed MXN 500) payable every two months (SEDESOL, 2012). However, 70 y mas overlaps with other transfer programmes also intended to tackle old age poverty, including Apoyo Para Adultos Mayores (itself a component of Oportunidades), Programa de Apoyo Alimentario, Liconsa, Procampo and Acuerdo National para el Campo. The most important among these are schemes to improve education and employability, often targeting women more specifically: Programa de Infraestructura Basica para la Atencion de los Pueblos Indfgenas, Programa de Education Initial y Basica para la Poblacion Rural e Indigena, Programas Albergues Escolares Indfgenas and Programa Organization Productiua para Mujeres Indxgenas.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
While some give greater emphasis to the manipulation of prices and financing in carbon markets, others see carbon markets as only one part of a complex ensemble of policies. They will also change the distribution of income available for nonenergy purchases. If carbon prices were increased by a tax or trading system, what would be the extent of the (intended) effect on emissions and the (unintended) effect on income distribution?
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Impact Assessment, where the impact on the environment is assessed. Interpretation, where significant issues are identified and conclusions are drawn. Sensitivity analyses, identification of significant data gaps and major uncertainties can also be included. This can be the case for example in studies to support carbon footprint labelling.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg12)
At the same time, the potential for duplication and the need for co-ordination are likely to result in inefficiencies in management. The double dominion creates the risk of issues “falling between the cracks” or for agencies to deny responsibility for addressing more challenging problems. This is consistent with the Constitution and with the 9433 Water Law (Article 14, 1st paragraph) and there has been a precedent: the ANA has signed an agreement on the management of federal rivers with the Federal District, Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo and Ceara, these precedents confirm that devolution works well and is in line with the decentralised approach to water management in Brazil. Devolution will be contingent on sufficient capacity at the local level, which appears to be an issue in many states and can also be subject to “tenders”: such an “a la carte” decentralisation process ensures consistency with the Constitution, gives the ANA the opportunity to warrant that federal waters will be allocated in ways that are consistent with policy objectives, and provides an incentive for states to strengthen their capacity.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
Finally, this paper stresses the importance of these findings for the economy at large, and supports the use of carefully designed chronic disease prevention strategies targeting people at higher risk of adverse labour market outcomes, which may lead to substantial gains in economic production through a healthier and more productive workforce. An assessment of the labour market outcomes of chronic diseases should rely primarily on analyses of longitudinal datasets based on statistical approaches that permit to gauge the causal impact of chronic diseases and their risk factors. The findings presented in this paper also support the claim that policies for the prevention of chronic diseases and their risk factors have important social outcomes, in addition to health benefits, which should be accounted for in evaluations of the impacts of such policies.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
Based on economic development and resource of Countries of “the Belt and Road”, the paper divides OFDI into two types by clustering analysis which are Resource Acquisition OFDI and Market Acquisition OFDI, and uses the method of Grey Incidence Analysis to conduct an empirical research on location choice determinants of OFDI from China to Major Countries of “BR for market acquisition OFDI, the significant factors are market size, infrastructure, bilateral trade, and political corruption of host countries.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
The first research programme (2000-2003) cost approximately EUR 10.8 million, of which nearly 60% was funded by the Special Law via the Ministry for Research. Co-financing was provided by other administrations as well as by the research departments and other partners. The second research programme (2004-2007) received just under EUR 6 million from the Special Law, plus co-financing. Observation of sea level and meteorological parameters is carried out through a monitoring network (11 stations), which gives a real-time view of marine and weather conditions in the Venice Lagoon and along the Adriatic coast. All stations measure sea level, and some also collect meteorological parameters: air pressure, humidity, wind velocity and direction, waves and air temperature. It is composed of dozens of separate institutes, each with a particular specialisation, which have been merged and consolidated lately as part of a cost-cutting, rationalisation strategy.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
First, there are strict boundaries between school networks and, sometimes, even between school groups and school associations, concerning the acquired statutory rights of teachers. While teachers moving to a school in another network generally keep their pension rights and salary level, they will lose their permanent teacher status. Sometimes this is the case if they only move to another school board in the same network.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
Engagements with difference in peacebuilding are characterized by interrelated patterns of identitiarian and de-essentializing thought that tend to crystalize or minimize difference. In response, this article theorizes difference as simultaneously relational and essential, and thus as a phenomenon that continually re-forms in the world and is crucial to life itself. A relational-essential approach is sketched by drawing upon ideas from conflict resolution and feminism, and illustrated through a micro-case of peacebuilding intervention in Aboriginal Australia. This way of theorizing difference promises pathways beyond European-derived forms of thinking and into exchange with the world and diverse peoples.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Abstract This article examines how the acceptance of subjectively-defined language rights may promote non-communication and exclusion through examining aspects of language politics in the post-Yugoslav states. International linguistic human rights advocates are taking on board subjective definitions of language communities. An international linguistic human rights framework is evolving which requires states actively to maintain linguistic identities. Language is seen as an essential part of a community's identity and self-esteem, which in turn is seen as crucial to securing harmonious interethnic relations and preventing violent conflict. Yet the treatment of Bosniaks, Croats, and Serbs as separate language communities has tended to legitimise ethnic divisions and social exclusion.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
The other six major narrow-scope world-wide Consortia involved in the Standard-setting procedures. These issues involving FRAND-encumbered SEPs are especially essential for the ICT-related Patents. Therefore, the Courts in the United States, in Europe and in other regions, have repeatedly ruled on important cases, among well-known and leading ICT corporations.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
This may not be the case in developing countries. However, the cost of inaction could be as high as a 14% permanent loss of global GDP (Stern, 2007). Institutional pension funds have liabilities that stretch will into the second half of this century, so it has been argued that they have a direct interest in ensuring that investment in a low-carbon infrastructure takes place.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
These findings, which are based on a large sample of countries, including OECD and emerging countries, are corroborated by previous research reviewed in de Looper and Lafortune, 2009. Data refer to 2008 for "IUrkey, and 2007 for Australia, Japan and New Zealand. Adults are generally defined as individuals over 15 years old.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
For instance, patient surveys in both primary care and inpatient specialised care show that doctors sometimes fail to tell patients about the side effects of their medicines and warning-signs about their condition to watch out for. Based both on international comparisons and domestic patient surveys, the report identified inadequate care co-ordination as a weakness in Sweden’s health care system, particularly in relation to specific groups such as psychiatric patients and the sickest elderly. The barriers to co-ordinated care identified are reimbursement systems, vertical organisation of health care that makes it difficult to co-ordinate care processes horizontally, and lack of assistance for patients in negotiating their way through services involving multiple providers, as in care for patients with complex conditions or posthospital rehabilitation care.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
The results also show the same trends for other commodities, with a strong pass-through from Chinese imports to Brazilian exports in the cases of sugar and poultry, but much weaker transmission for vegetable oil and cotton. Coarse grain demand is dominated by feed use. Feed use is expected to increase following a small decline in 2016, growing at 1.5% per year during the projection period to about 49.9 Mt by 2024, 23% above base period volume, more than keeping pace with the assumed increase in the production of non-ruminant meat (Figure 2.12).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
This remains however a necessity in order to respond to increasingly demanding consumers who travel more and with higher expectations (Box 21). One of the RTS business development programs is Kurbits. The aim of Kurbits is to coach small businesses in the tourism and hospitality industry and support them in order to further professionalise and increase their profitability.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg8)
This study was based on a review of studies of all countries around the Baltic Sea, where environmental economists participated from all countries. Their conclusions confirm our review of Swedish studies valuing watershed ES. Within the sector of recreational values of reduced eutrophication, contingent valuation, choice experiments and indirect approaches have been used.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
Nevertheless, a more elaborate appreciation of equality, like that proposed here, does require a broader range of indicators. One property of these indices is scale invariance, which means that if all incomes are multiplied by a certain number (which is equivalent to their increasing proportionally at the same rate), the indicator does not change. To illustrate absolute inequality, it is necessary to analyse absolute differentials between income strata or calculate what is known as the absolute Gini index, given by the product of the Gini index and the mean income in the distribution. In this case, the property of scale invariance is not present, but that of shift invariance is, meaning that if the same monetary amount is added to each household, the index does not change.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Paid caregivers and their assistants are self-employed and thus lack access to social protection. In contrast to Mexico, day-care services were expanded by increasing the availability of tax-financed public services for 0-3-year-old children from lower-income households. As a result, coverage increased from 17 per cent in 2006 to 26 per cent in 2011 and the gap in access to these services between socio-economic groups has also decreased.226 In addition, efforts have been made to provide services in ways that meet the needs of working mothers by ensuring that the majority of newly created childcare centres offer full-day and extended schedules. Yet, in common with Mexico, day-care services for under-3s are followed by a preschool system for 4- and 5-year-old children that offers largely part-time programmes and operates on a school year calendar, with extensive holidays.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
Increasing export shares in almost all commodity markets is being achieved by a combination of strategies. Not only are they displacing traditional exporters and competitors with lower cost products or by growing faster, they are also becoming dominant in regional markets which can provide a springboard for further international market expansion. From Figure 1.10, non-OECD countries are projected to show the strongest percentage increase in exports by 2019, relative to the 2007-09 base, for oilseeds (59%), poultry (54%), wheat (50%), skim milk powder (43%), and cheese and vegetable oils (39%). On the other hand, OECD countries as a whole will tend to lose export shares in many commodities to non-OECD countries over the Outlook period. For the OECD area the largest gain in exports by 2019 compared to 2007-09, are for protein meals (49%), vegetable oils (38%) and rice (16%). Trade shares continue to be dominated in absolute terms by the OECD countries and their long established industries for a range of products (with projected global market share in 2019 shown in brackets) such as for: wheat (54%), coarse grains (60%), pig meat (80%), butter (79%), cheese (65%), whole milk powder (66%) and skim milk powder (73%).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
Often the bunkers need to be emptied with shovels (hand labour) and are not emptied for quite a long time, generating a number of hygiene and health-related problems (for example, presence of rodents). Recycling facilities are very limited, and composting is only done by some farmers for their own use.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg12)
Moreover, most laboratories, especially those located in remote provinces, were unable to comply with EU requirements when performing testing for health certificates, because they lack competent personnel, especially with regard to the analytical measurement of heavy metals, histamine and antibiotics, or, in the case of processors laboratories, sufficient expertise with quality assurance applications. Finally, the equipment in many laboratories is not calibrated and, where calibration is conducted as required, inexperienced technical staff is often unable to interpret the calibration certificate. Information on foreign standards is difficult to access because the distribution channels are opaque: small producers do not have direct access to information on EU regulations and the information channels from the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF) to the companies are quite slow, in particular among producers and processors based in remote areas. Even in cases where the information is adequately communicated, the information content is complex and highly technical, making it unintelligible to enterprises having limited training and understanding in order to digest it.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
This chapter seeks to build on the earlier review by detailing the case for primary care and providing policy recommendations to develop a stronger primary care sector. Barbara Starfield, the foremost expert on primary care, states “primary care is the provision of first-contact, person-focused, ongoing care over time that meets the health-oriented needs of people, referring only those too uncommon to maintain competence, and co-ordinates care when people receive services at other levels of care”. A primary care team would do such things as offering health promotion and disease prevention, delivering public health services such as vaccinations, diagnosing common health problems like hypertension and depression, referring and co-ordinating health care for patients - managing their journey through the health system.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
To reduce the margin of error, estimates ore presented os three-year averages. To reduce the impact of year-to-year sampling variability, estimates are presented as three-year averages. Country-level results are presented only for stimates are based on official notional data (Ecuador, Ghana, Malawi, Republic of Korea, Saint Lucia, Seychelles and the United States of America) or as provisional estimates, based on FAO Voices of the Hungry data collected through the Gallup hose national statistical authorities (NSAs) provided permission to publish them.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
Created in 1935 as part of the New Deal, the Rural Electrification Administration (REA) spearheaded the Electric Cooperative Corporation Act passed by Congress in 1936. By 1953, funds made available by REA to cooperatives to build lines and provide service on a not-for-profit basis allowed electricity access to more than 90 per cent of United States farms. By 2009, cooperatives served 12 per cent of national consumers (42 million people) in 47 states. In a highly complex and increasingly multidimensional sector, many of these institutions are thus unlikely to possess mature regulatory skills or the high level of expertise and access to resources and information required for effective use of regulatory tools.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
The certification scheme Energy Smart is used to rate and certify the energy performance of commercial buildings. It was originally developed by the Energy Sustainability Unit (ESU) at the National University of Singapore and the National Environment Agency of Singapore to target offices, hotels and shopping malls. The scheme is voluntary and most commercial enterprises participate because it can be used as part of their branding strategies. The European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy has established that it is advice on energy efficiency improvements, rather than solely ratings and certifications, that primarily mobilize markets to achieve energy savings measures.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Sufficient budgeting of resources for surveillance and enforcement is an important element of this (Agardy, Notarbartolo di Sciara and Christie, 2011). The emergence of new technical options to ensure the surveillance and enforcement of remote maritime areas (Brooke, Lim and Ardron, 2010, Game et al., Recent initiatives to use satellite data (e.g. in die Galapagos), massive data processing and advanced software to detect illegal behaviour of shipping vessels may play a big role in boosting enforcement.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg14)
A one point increase in perceived income inequality (on a scale of 10) reduces life satisfaction by 0.1 points. This is lower than the OECD average, but consistent with findings in other Anglo-Saxon countries (di Telia et al., Unemployment, inequality and well-being (cont.) However, the literature provides clear evidence that unemployment operates also through non-pecuniary channels.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Turkey, Italy, Egypt and Tunisia are, in decreasing order of importance, the countries with the highest fishing capacity in gross tonnage (GT), accounting for 60 percent of the total. Other vessel groups of regional relevance in terms of numbers are trawlers over 6 m length overall (LOA) in the Mediterranean Sea (8.6 percent) and the group of purse seiners and pelagic trawlers over 6 m LOA in the Black Sea (4.7 percent). Total landings in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea increased irregularly from about one million tonnes in 1970 to almost two million tonnes in 1982.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg14)
The nature and quantity of data collected must also be relevant and applicable to decision making at the various levels of the health system. Accurate, representative and timely data are thereby central to the assessment and improvement of the quality of care delivered to the population. The study reviews the Peruvian health infonnation system in terms of how it measures up in delivering the requisite data to meet both national policy purposes and allow international benchmarking in the areas of health care resources, activities, expenditure and quality. The report recommends improvements in data sources and methods to extend coverage and strengthen comparability in the development of international indicators.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
If the evolution of the economy continued according to the reference scenario, without any crisis, this rate would have been expected to ring in at 35.9% in 2008, 35.7% in 2009 and 2010, and 35.3% in 2011. This is the result of regions where the caloric poverty rate is above the national average but the monetary poverty rate is under the national average, as is the case in the Adamaoua, East and North West regions. This last region has a relatively low rate of caloric poverty (11.54%) even though it is among the five hardest hit regions in terms of monetary poverty among children (with a monetary poverty rate of 64.5%). Conversely, the South region has a caloric poverty rate above the national average, as opposed to the case for monetary poverty in that region.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)