albertmartinez/OSDG huggingface dataset:
However, ecological accounting to value the ocean’s ecosystem services and natural assets at global level still requires much further research. This chapter therefore restricts itself to estimating the value of the world’s ocean-based industries, until the opportunity arises to perform further work on valuing ocean ecosystems. It begins with observations on current measurement issues before describing the OECD Ocean Economy Database, its sectoral composition, and the sources and data used.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg14)
International law began as a discipline concerned with the goal of peace, and has become the basis for organizing, managing and regulating relations between states in the maintenance of international peace and security. International law underpins a number of strategies and institutions focusing on different and sometimes contradictory, but related, priorities in the global quest for peace, including the concepts of state sovereignty, non-intervention and self-determination, the processes of collective security, humanitarian intervention and responsibility to protect (R2P), and the treaty-based systems to prevent and prosecute genocide, protect human rights and pursue arms control and disarmament.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Others have adopted a range of climate-proofing approaches, applying standardised environmental screening and scoping, assessing environmental and social risks of projects financed, adopting green procurement guidelines, developing and mandating green guidance notes for staff working in the agency. The graph also shows how SDGs are related to different economic sectors. While the energy sector performs well in terms of development finance targeting mitigation, further measures could be taken to increase the resilience of this sector to climate impacts through adaptation. Agriculture is starting to reveal the potential for actions that address both adaptation and mitigation through climate smart agriculture (12% of ODA address both adaptation and mitigation).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
It requires that a monitoring system be established on the state or quality of the physical environment for each “value”. This scheme of monitoring environmental values is derived from EU quality standards.31 The “rules of instruction” refer to any rule relating to the execution of a duty or power by an administrative body. The role of the government within this context is to link the initiatives of various actors who are developing projects that impact the physical environment, and to monitor their outcomes. Where there are undesirable outcomes, the relevant administrative bodies will need to establish a programme to remedy this.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
Timber is also traded illegally across borders in the GMS. Table 10 shows the perceived level of public sector corruption among GMS countries and their relative ranks among 168 countries considered for 2015. Based on the perceived level of public sector corruption in Table 10, forest cover should have declined in all GMS countries.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
National attention has turned to a case currently pending before the New Mexico Supreme Court. Bounds v. State of New Mexico involves a facial constitutional challenge to New Mexico's domestic well statute. The Plaintiff, Horace Bounds, claims that the statute, which requires the State Engineer to issue permits to any applicants for domestic purposes, violates the constitutional provision known as the Prior Appropriation Doctrine. The decision of the Court will likely have impacts across the country and beyond the legal realm. This decision could impact the well drilling industry, economic development, and administrative agencies. Numerous other western states have similar exempt well provisions, and the decision by the New Mexico Supreme Court could well lead to litigation or pushes for changes in legislation on other states as well.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
The programme is also helping to develop vocational and academic training to develop the skills required to operate and use wind power. Denmark's Low Carbon Energy Efficiency Project and Green Investment Facility is providing guarantees to SMEs in the ceramics and brick industry to enable them to invest in energy efficiency. The project is also supporting the government to develop and implement a new building energy code to promote energy efficiency in buildings.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
Bangkok promotes the education and participation (SDGs 4,6.a and 6.b) of local communities in wastewater treatment projects and promotes reuse of treated wastewater in agriculture and industry. This requires a foundation that is based on the human rights of the urban population for safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene. Org/course/detail/4.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
According to this tool, personal care, metal work, and health associates were the entry-level occupations with the most advertised vacancies relative to qualified job seekers in 2014. By contrast, occupations in animal care, agriculture and creative occupations had many more qualified job seekers than advertised vacancies. Quality check comparisons with the Labour Force Survey reveal that Burning Glass data slightly overestimate the proportion of professional and associate professions occupations in demand, while slightly underestimating the proportion of elementary occupations. Skills Route won the Education Open Data Challenge by bringing together education and career-related open data sets to provide students with a unique picture of the career prospects associated with a particular course of study.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
For example, if the top of the Cretaceous is less than 2.000 m bgl. However, this type of water is rare in large parts of the region, particularly in the extensive shared aquifer systems of the Arabian Peninsula. Moreover, as the water is used in combination with desalination or to grow highly salt-tolerant crops such as date palms, brackish groundwater is also considered an exploitable resource.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
The advent of "big data" within the agriculture and food sectors could therefore open new and promising opportunities, including for service providers. At the same time, there are some policy challenges, such as those related to data protection and data property rights and to the control of air space when data acquisition takes place via unmanned air vehicles. Consumers may distrust certain technologies, and individuals may undervalue the notification of livestock diseases. There is a strong need for the better showcasing of the benefits of innovation while improving citizens' trust by encouraging a frank and open exchange on potential risks, based on the scientific evidence available, and considering the different approaches which exist across countries with respect to the precautionary principle. This also includes a need for continued efforts to maintain or enhance scientific standards, including those on transparency, notably in the event of conflicting scientific results.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
Many observers of international politics detect a growing Chinese challenge to the rules-based, liberal international order. In particular, some saw Beijing's recent creation of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) as a threat to existing organizations governing international development financing. This article broadly concurs with more sanguine accounts emphasizing the AIIB's similarity to existing multilateral development banks. However, we go further by arguing that the full extent of China's challenge to global governance cannot be understood without reference to the ongoing transformation of the Chinese party-state: the contested fragmentation, decentralization and internationalization of state apparatuses. These processes mean that the AIIB is just one institution among many in China's messy international development financing field-alongside policy and commercial banks, functional ministries, provincial governments and state-owned enterprises. Contestation among these agencies will shape China's real challenge to global economic governance, which will often be significant, yet unintended and non-strategic, in nature.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Peak flow usually occurs between February and March depending on the volume of rainfall and snow-melt originating from the mountainous regions in southern Lebanon and Syria. The low-flow season extends from June to November with minimum flows occurring in July at Obstacle Bridge, and in August/September at Sede Nehemia. However, it is likely that the stream-flow regime presented in Figure 10.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
For example, requiring a marriage certificate of all families registering in a social protection programme may discriminate against those families that are not formed by marriage. They cannot be exercised in isolation from other human rights such as the right to education, the right to the highest attainable standards of health, the right to an adequate standard of living and the right to privacy. All these rights greatly impact on the enjoyment of the rights related to the family referred to above, and vice versa. As shown by empirical evidence, increased levels of education for girls dramatically reduces the incidence of infant and maternal mortality, leads to smaller and more sustainable families (as women with higher levels of education have fewer children and more often use contraceptive methods), leads to healthier and better-educated children, reduces rates of child marriage, and increases family resilience to natural disasters and climate change.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
As such, the consumption of goods manufactured in Asia and the Pacific has created a large "material footprint" across the manufacturing sector's supply chain, involving many different kinds of material. The growth in material use by the manufacturing sector has resulted in economic growth in many parts of the region, the less developed countries are now starting to catch up with the living standards enjoyed by their more developed counterparts. An expanding middle class has increased the demand for and consumption of materialintensive products, such as cars, furniture and household appliances.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg12)
Indeed, without increased capacity and speed, and the lower communication costs brought about by improvements in telecommunication and computer services, the sale of goods online as it stands today, including inventory management, would not be possible. Indeed, the internet is now one of the most important business platforms for companies, domestically and internationally. It has enabled and motivated enterprises and governments to assemble large sets of data ("big data") which, through the use of advanced analytical methods, can be mined for patterns, relationships and insights.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
Excise taxes are favourable to diesel, which continues to encourage diesel vehicle sales. Economic theory suggests that fuel taxes are the best instrument to address CO2 emissions from road transport (OECD, 2009a). However, the already relatively high fuel taxation and the price tax differential with Spain limit the scope for further tax rate increases, especially on diesel (OECD, 2010b).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
It will also be important to learn from the specialisation of the various funds so that lessons learned and expertise gained informs any new model of international climate finance. The governing instrument for the Green Climate Fund sets out the Fund’s role in relation to complementarity and coherence, stating that “The Board will develop methods to enhance complementarity between the activities of the Fund and the activities of other relevant bilateral, regional and global funding mechanisms and institutions, to better mobilize the full range of financial and technical capacities” (Decision 3/CP. It also emphasises coherence at the national level, “The Fund will promote coherence in programming at the national level through appropriate mechanisms” (Ibid). Climate finance will need to be delivered in line with national strategies and plans if it is to avoid competing with or distorting development priorities.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
Women are underrepresented in forums that typically help shape and define the global trade regime. However, their inputs have the potential to fundamentally transform the way communities experience globalisation and, in so doing, better balance the distributional impact of international trade and improve inclusive access to resources. In addition, as at March 2015.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
The redistribution of unpaid work is one of the pillars for achieving gender equality in Latin America and the Caribbean by 2030 (Bidegain Ponte, 2017). The ability to place young children in day care depends in large part on households' purchasing power or on programmes catering for poor or vulnerable households or women. In many cases, these services are not regulated or under strict State supervision, which means that the conditions and quality of care in the different centres are mixed.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
Electrification of schools, however, is facing problems largely stemming from lack of information about the number of schools and their electrification status. Some municipalities fail to report the number of schools in their area or fail to provide accurate information on whether the schools are electrified or not. It is clear that this poses a major constraint for the entities in charge of the electrification of the as-yet un-electrified schools.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
The IEA carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among its member countries, each of which is obliged to hold oil stocks equivalent to 90 days of its net imports. The PEPDEE work is being undertaken by the IEA as a contribution to a Task Group within the International Partnership on Energy Efficiency Cooperation (IPEEC). Financial and in-kind support for the lEA's contribution to the PEPDEE work programme comes from UK DECC, the US Department of Energy, the Australian Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency (DCCEE), and the European Commission's Directorate General of Energy (DG-Energy).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Japan's KDDI, Sumitomo Corp to invest $2 bln in Myanmar telecoms." Although Tanzania has long had a competitive mobile market, the entry of Vietnamese owned Viettel, operating under the brand Halotel, in October 2015 caused disruption. It launched a 3G only service on the back of extensive investment in a fiber optic backbone emphasizing that it was possible to bridge the Internet gap in a short period of time.156 Halotel's entry triggered a price war with a 500 MB mobile Internet package dropping 70% between 2015 and 2016, resulting in affordability reaching the threshold of less than 5% of GNI.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
Eutrophication (discussed below), acidification, toxic contamination and micro-pollutants all place pressures on human health, the cost of treating drinking water, irrigation and the maintenance of aquatic ecosystems. Water quality that is too poor for use exacerbates the problem of water scarcity. Pollution loads from diffuse agricultural and urban sources (fertilisers and pesticides, run-off from sealed surfaces and roads, and pharmaceuticals in animal and human waste) are continuing challenges in many countries.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
Similar earlier analysis have for instance been presented for New Zealand by the New Zealand Ministry of Employment (MBIE, 2013) and for the United Kingdom by Dorsett and Lucchino (2013). Data requirements for an analysis of school-to-labour-market trajectories are substantial. The identification of individual’s transitions from school into the labour market requires individual-level panel data with frequent observations that permit tracking young people’s educational status and labour market participation over a longer time horizon.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg8)
In addition, the prevailing culture within ministries is often not supportive of gender issues, thus leading to a low level of co-ordination and co-operation between gender units and the other directorates and units w ithin their respective ministries. The role of the unit is to look at the programmes, ensure they are available for both genders equally and to have a gender-sensitive budget. But in reality, [while] the units have been introduced, they do not have any authority to [make] any changes. (
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
However, the review team came across instances where parents appear to pay out of pocket for some textbooks, according to reports of some of the schools visited, in regions where supposedly the coverage of free textbooks is about 100%. In 2008, rules for the preparation, review and publication of textbooks, teaching materials and manuals were introduced, and over one thousand textbooks were deemed non-compliant with the new standards (Singh, 2012). The formula that has been proposed is the result of a long development process, which has included a piloting phase and consultations with national experts (Sange-SFK, 2012) and international ones (see, for example, UNICEF, 2012). Its final form (as piloted) is the result of the own analytical effort by the Ministry of Education and Science and its subordinated institutions, and so reflects the needs and sensitivities of Kazakh education leaders.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
In Southern Europe, the Czech Republic, and Poland, more than 30% of family carers provide intensive care, with the share even higher in Spain (over 50%) and Korea (over 60%). While care can alleviate the poverty risk to which old people are exposed, it jeopardises the adequacy of carers’ future retirement entitlements, as the vast majority are not sufficiently covered by pension systems. Healthcare services, in particular, lift incomes by an average of 14%, particularly in France (17.9%) and Sweden (17.2%), but much less in the Netherlands (10.9%). Everywhere eldercare services still account for a small share of public expenditure, however.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
Abou-Nigm, V.R. & Noodt Taquela, M.B. (eds.), Diversity and Integration in Private International Law (2019).   Allen, S., Costelloe, D., Fitzmaurice, M., Gragl, P. & Guntrip, E., The Oxford Handbook of Jurisdiction in International Law (2019).   Amaral, G.R., Judicial Precedent and Arbitration—Are Arbitrators Bound by Judicial Precedent? A Comparative Study of UK, US and Brazilian Law and Practice (2d ed. 2018).   Amtenbrink, F., Davies, G., Kochenov, D. & Lindeboom J. (eds.), The Internal Market and the Future of European Integration: Essays in Honour of Laurence W. Gormley (2019).   Andenas, M. & Fairgrieve, D., Courts and Comparative Law (2019).   Athanassiou, L.I., Maritime Cross-Border Insolvency: Under...
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Some 71% of tertiary graduates have taken part in formal and/or informal training activities, versus only 27% of people who have not completed an upper secondary education. France is no exception, with 56% of higher education graduates having undergone vocational education or training, as opposed to only 17% of those not completing secondary school (Table C6.2a). This trend is even more pronounced in France, with only 19% of 55-64 year-olds taking part in vocational education or training over the past 12 months versus 45% of 25-34 year-olds (Table C6.2b). Another statistic: in France, 18% of individuals questioned chose the option "My employer did not encourage me" to explain why they had given up on taking part in training activities of interest to them, versus an OECD average of only 8% (see Table C6.5).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
In the EECCA region, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus,3 Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine are eligible to receive the funding. The Green Climate Fund also approved funding for this programme in 2016 (hence it is not reflected in the statistical data examined in this report). The specific objective is to foster improved climate change policies, strategies and economic instruments.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
It was generally agreed, however, that the reforms in greening the energy sector were principal for determining Grenada’s low-carbon development pathway. The energy sector was seen as the fulcrum for green economy implementation. Green economy policies in tourism are therefore seen as necessary to balance the seemingly competing objectives. The tourism sector is recognised as the single largest source of foreign exchange earnings, income and employment generation, and an important contributor to general economic activity and social development.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
There is also a need for farm practices that can reduce economic losses and lead to better management of water flows and stocks on farmland, taking into account the impact on any water entitlements that are established. Policies that are able to combine flood risk management with other objectives, such as for nature conservation, the protection of natural resources and agricultural production, are likely to offer the best long term solutions. Even without the changes associated with climate change, the frequency of flood events has increased along with the damages.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
In Australia, the authorised heritage discourse contributes to shaping the stereotypically Australian. It actively engages in creating a contemporary national story which glosses over the more shameful or distasteful episodes and themes in Australian colonial and post‐colonial history which is presented as being by‐and‐large progressive and benign. While the process of forging national history has become more complex and increasingly fraught, given globalisation and the emergence of new histories, nation and nationalism remain culturally persistent. The turn to multiculturalism from the 1970s as the principal way of defining Australianness and the nation lead some conservatives in politics and the heritage industry to appropriate the new social history, using it to present diversity as an indicator of a fair and open society. In this process, both history—an evolving academic discipline—and the past—lived experience which has meanings and uses in the present—were transformed into heritage.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
The country has also pioneered several economic instruments such as the national programme on payment for ecosystem services (PES) under ProArbol (the federal umbrella programme that promotes sustainable forestry), which covers 3.25 million ha of forests and represents one of the largest PES programmes in the world (OECD, 2013). The Environmental Compensation for Land-Use Changes in Forested Areas Programe (Programa de Compensation por Cambio de Uso de Suelo en Terrenos Forestales, CUSTF) is also a compensation scheme involving payment of in-lieu fees into a fund to finance restoration and reforestation projects. The Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT) implements this law and determines if an EIA is required for any given development project. If an EIA is required, an environmental management plan is issued, consisting of separate mitigation, compensation and follow-up measures for development activities, and distinguishing on-site and off-site actions.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)