albertmartinez/OSDG huggingface dataset:
If outsourced, the registry also establishes the wholesale price for registrars. The registry is normally responsible for maintaining the ccTLD database and associated name server. In 1998, DotTV, a tech startup from the United States, paid the Tuvaluan government US$50 million for the rights to the TV ccTLD for a dozen years.62 When the contract expired in 2001, another company took over arranging to pay Tuvalu US$2.2 million a year plus 5% of revenue exceeding US$20 million for 15 years.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
The number of children (0-14) in Korea has almost halved over the past 4 decades: from 13,2 million children in the 1975 to 7 million in 2015. Over the same period, the youth dependency ratio - the number of children and young people (aged 0-20) per one hundred people of working age (aged 20-64) - fell dramatically from 108 to 31 (OECD, 2018|i]). The growing income in Korea can be shared among a smaller number of children, which helps to explain why the child poverty rate in Korea is below the OECD average (Figure 1) and poor children today live in smaller families than only a few years ago (Yeo, 2017).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
The Internet has become a platform for innovation thanks to its end-to-end connectivity and lack of gatekeepers, providing a place where creativity, the exchange of ideas, entrepreneurship and experimentation can flourish. Furthermore, an open Internet enables the management of global value chains, as companies increasingly spread production across borders. It will be particularly important to preserve the open Internet and promote the free flow of data across the global ecosystem while also addressing individuals’ concerns about privacy violations and promoting a culture of digital risk management across society.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
By 2020, the government plans to have 70% of schools with inclusive facilities, 20% of schools with barrier-free access and 50% of students with a disability in mainstream schools (MESRK, 2010). Initiatives include support and facilities for various groups (e.g. those needing speech and language therapy) and updating of special education programmes, textbooks and learning packages for hearing-impaired children (IAC, 2014). There is no coherent medium or long-term funding strategy for school physical infrastructure and overall capital expenditures represented only 2.5% of the overall budget for school education in 2011 (see Figure 3.1).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
Data is based on the latest Teacher Census, organised in 2007. The census covered teachers working in public institutions maintained by the National Public Education Administration (ANEP) only. Hence, data for early childhood and pre-primary education do not include teachers in schools managed by the Ministry of Education and Culture (MEC) and by the Child and Adolescent Institute of Uruguay (INAU). Also data on technical-professional programmes include teachers in programmes at the tertiary level (a minor proportion of programmes supervised by CETP). In general, in 2007, there was no major concern about the ageing of the teaching workforce.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
All six SEE economies have tripartite councils in place to engage in dialogue with social partners. While social dialogue does take place in all the economies, more effort is needed to build social partners’ capacity, in particular among worker organisations. Moreover, the impact of tripartism and social dialogue is not regularly evaluated by independent evaluators.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg8)
These impacts are avoided if collected wool is carded and spun into new yarn, with the possibility that more benefits can be achieved further down the production line. Although the lower heat value for wool is slightly higher than for cotton, the benefits are also in this case smaller than those calculated for recycling. The obvious explanation of this is that it is more demanding for the environment to produce wool and the benefits from avoided production are, accordingly, much higher.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg12)
These indicators fall into two groups: those based on surveys (such as the percentage of adults supported at home who agree that their health and care services seemed to be well co-ordinated), and, those derived from routine data sources (such as that rate of emergency admissions for adults). These indicators are discussed in more detail in Section 2.7. Given that most OECD health and social care systems are exploring how best to monitor person-centred, integrated care, Scotland’s experience with these indicators will be of international interest.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
An example from an OECD country is the National Centre for Domestic Violence in the United Kingdom.31 Finally, it is important to ensure that the existing hotline is accessible 24 hours per day, nationwide, toll-free and that it provides information and support services in several languages to respond to the needs of national, expatriate, migrant and trafficked women. For example, legal services for victims of violence are often supplied by NGOs that specialise in women’s issues. For example, in the Palestinian Authority, the Women’s Centre for Legal Aid and Counselling (WCLAC) provides a unit that provides legal advice, court representation, social support and counselling for women (Box 7.5). The centre provides legal aid, social counselling and protection services to women living in precarious and hazardous situations. It also benefits from a special consultative status to the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
Gender gaps in healthy life years were in favour of women in Poland and Estonia, while men were expected to live in a healthy condition longer than women in Denmark and the Netherlands. Healthy life years were highest for both sexes in Sweden and Norway. As outlined in the 2012 OECD report Closing the Gender Gap: Act Now, girls have higher rates of graduation at secondary level. When success is measured in terms of outcomes rather than participation and retention, boys perform noticeably less well in reading, and are more likely to be defined as having special educational needs (Hibel et al.,
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
The age groups are 0-23 months, 24-59 months, 5-14 years and 15-17 years. The younger age groups have 7 dimensions of deprivation while the older age groups have 6 dimensions. The deprivation rate is based on a threshold of 4 for children 0-59 months and 3 for children 5-17 years. The deprivation headcount is 60% in rural areas versus 16% in urban areas.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
Employee resource groups are networks of employees that aim to foster diversity and inclusion in the workplace while also providing valuable advice to companies on issues related to human resources and organisational management. In the United States, many private sector companies have created such groups to foster great employer-employee dialogue w'hile providing workers more opportunities to problem solve, thinking innovatively, and develop leadership skills. This strategy also identifies a number of critical sectors for growth including digital and creative technologies, life and health sciences, financial and professional services, as well as advanced manufacturing and engineering.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg8)
They may be kept artificially low for political reasons, which results in power utilities not recovering the full costs of production, meaning that there are insufficient funds to cover operation and maintenance expenses and the capital costs of replacing ageing infrastructure. Tariffs that are subsidised can foster a culture of overconsumption, which can lead to payment difficulties for consumers, especially when high oil prices result in higher tariffs. There is also a lack of standards and certification to ensure that only robust renewable energy equipment is installed in the Pacific.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Boundaries: between public and private law – Political dimensions of private and public law – Boundaries between domestic law and transnational and international law – Boundaries between law and other disciplines, including economics, comparative politics, normative political theory, and hermeneutic disciplines – National styles of comparative law scholarship – Analytic and pragmatic traditions in comparative law scholarship
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
The share of the population over 65 years of age has been increasing in OECD countries over the past few decades. In 1960, 9% of the OECD population was over 65 years old, but the proportion rose to around 15% in 2010 (OECD, 201 la). This trend is expected to continue into the future, so that by 2050 the share of the population aged 65 or more is expected to reach 26% of the total OECD population. With rising life expectancy and improved healthcare, elderly citizens will be able to remain active longer, in many cases continuing to work well beyond the official retirement age.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg14)
Programmes implemented by member organisations integrate sport skills and life skills through movement games, role-play, drama and other cultural and recreational activities. The PNG Games concept is driving behaviour at the community level and there is evidence of increased sports and physical activities at the Ward, District and Provincial Levels. Community coaches, sports administrators, volunteers and sports leaders are trained under the Community Sports Education Program and use these opportunities to put their knowledge and skills into practice.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
The proportion of older people who reported being mistreated or witnessing the mistreatment of a fellow resident was 2.4% in Uruguay, around 8% in Argentina and 14% in Chile. These figures are a cause for concern, as the study included a direct question on this issue. Similarly, provide mental health services to older persons living in long-term care establishments. In practice, government bodies responsible for overseeing such services usually report problems in assessing compliance with care standards in private institutions, in some cases only institutions that receive State funding are monitored.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
The GES included programmatic and institutional guidance and a results framework, which are essential ingredients for strong gender mainstreaming. However, it was not endorsed by the Executive Board, which made its guidance voluntary. This weakened its potential impact and integration. In a context of multiple competing priorities, staff reported that they do not prioritize an area unless a guidance document has been endorsed by the Executive Board, the area is considered mandatory or an urgent directive has been issued by the Administrator.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
In Nepal, for example, where more than 60% of the agricultural work force consists of women, only 13% of agricultural researchers were women in 2012 (Stads et al. The higher up the research ladder, the fewer women are found on the rungs (FAO 2011). Often the perspectives and interests of women scientists, researchers and research managers differ from those of their male counterparts (FAO 2011).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
The electricity generation of these power plants induces costs due to reinforcements of the distribution grid mainly caused by an inadmissible increase of the supply voltage. The additional transmission and distribution grid costs which depend on the installed capacities of wind and photovoltaic power plants are based on costs values derived by studies determining the required grid reinforcements due to increasing contributions of renewable energies to electricity supply (EC, 2011, Dena, 2010a, BDEW, 2011). The first section gives a more detailed description of the scenarios considered as well as of the cost assumptions.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Abstract Energy democracy hopes to foster community engagement and participation in shaping our transition from fossil fuels to a renewable energy-based economy. These considerations result from critiques by environmental justice, climate justice, and just transition advocates. Although many are sympathetic to energy democracy ideals, climate goals often are articulated in math terms. This essay defines the aforementioned key terms and asks: what are the limitations and possibilities of engaging publics when climate action solely is articulated in numbers? A compelling case study is the City of Boulder – recognized as a global leader in climate science and a national leader in innovative environmental planning. This essay shares work from 2016, when the City shared a climate action plan for public feedback, supported several public participation events, and passed climate action legislation goals. We argue a just transition and energy democracy ideals are hindered if we reduce climate goals to math.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
The criteria for the inclusion of a model are as follows. The model must be global or include regions that together cover the whole world. Models focusing on regional impacts or adaptation (e.g. IGEM, CLIMPACTS, CanCLIM, RegIS2) and other models reviewed in Dickinson (ibid.) The model must include an energy/economy module, a climate module and a representation of climate impacts.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
In its various multilateral forms, ICT-enabled engagement can improve inclusiveness by providing a shared ground where exchange of knowledge and opinions is possible (Box 5.3). Web-based water information systems: The case of Italy and Portugal (cont.) In this regard, the “Pawa” project developed water accounts through recognised standards and activated an inclusive decision-making process as regards the selection of the most appropriate measures to face water scarcity and drought conditions. The information system not only contributes to information exchange among different stakeholders and public authorities responsible for the directive’s implementation (i.e. regions, water utilities, etc.),
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
France is attempting to do this through its circular economy roadmap and Finland and the Netherlands have established an overarching mechanism to support coordination and coherence of resource productivity policies. These efforts have been supported by initiatives at the international level, such as the guidance and reference materials for measuring material flows and resource productivity developed by the OECD and the database on international material flows developed by the UNEP International Resource Panel. However, progress has been insufficient when measured against objectives established over the last decade.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg12)
As such, nuclear power plants are important contributors to grid restoration in the event of blackouts. In particular, NPPs require more time to start up and cannot vary the cycle length much. Also, in many OECD countries flexible operation of NPPs is limited or not authorised by national safety authorities, NPPs can therefore offer only limited flexibility capabilities to the TSO. The inertia of wind turbines is quite low, while solar PV has no inertia.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Investment incentives are sometimes associated with negative externalities, such as higher costs than benefits accrued, opportunity costs, and adverse selection, therefore making cost-benefit analysis essential (Chapter 3). The Ministry of Environment helps to ensure consistency and coherence of environmental, sectoral, economic and investment policies that affect private green investment across different levels of government and public agencies while the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources contributes to policy implementation. The Jordan Investment Board, which has a policy advocacy department, champions certain sectors, including renewable energy. While these initiatives are encouraging, more needs to be done to ensure that green policies are mainstreamed into regular policy making and implementation.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Which European universities and research centres are most prominent in research on European Union (EU) interest groups? What are the theoretical perspectives employed currently in this scholarship? What research designs do scholars employ to study and investigate EU interest groups? And finally, what are the academic works that constitute the core building blocks on which researchers of EU lobbying build their theoretical arguments and empirical research? We answer these questions by analysing an original, built-for-purpose dataset providing information on the theoretical approaches, research designs and bibliographic references employed in 196 academic articles published on the topic of EU lobbying and interest groups in 22 European and American journals of political science and public policy. The dataset also contains information about authors' academic affiliation and Ph.D.-awarding institutions. We combine two approaches employed in the literature on systematic analyses of a discipline: the research synthesis and meta-analysis approach, and the bibliometric approach.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
These characteristics make them unique in the sense that the difficulties they face in the pursuit of sustainable development are particularly severe and complex. The SDGs do not adequately address the economic disadvantages small states face in terms of, for example, trade costs and connectivity, because of a narrower focus on trade in goods as opposed to services trade. This chapter takes stock of the global trading environment in relation to small states, and how the SDGs address their needs and their shortcomings.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
The Government of Angola (scheduled to graduate in 2021) has also set up a high-level committee to oversee the graduation process. Such aspirations are expressed, for example, in the national development plans of Ethiopia, Rwanda, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania and Zambia. The aim of Ethiopia’s Growth and Transformation Plan is to take the country to middle-income status10 between 2020 and 2025, Zambia’s National Vision is to become “a prosperous middle-income nation by 2030", and both Rwanda’s Second Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy and Uganda’s Second National Development Plan set a goal of achieving middle-income status by 2020. For Senegal, the Plan S§n6gal Emergent aims to make Senegal an “emerging’’ country by 2035, while Cambodia’s Rectangular Strategy Phase Three aims “at graduating from a low-income country to a lower-middle-income status in the very near future and further to become an upper-middle income country by 2030”.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
They include other ministries and public authorities (e.g. the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, the Water Authority, and the Israeli Land Administration), local municipal and regional authorities, and non-governmental (private or charitable) organisations such as the Jewish National Fund (JNF) and the Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel (SPNI). Several policies are the responsibility of more than one institution. The degree of overlap and conflicts among institutions creates bureaucratic obstacles to efficient implementation and enforcement.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
The deeper causes of stunting and overweight should therefore be addressed in more detail in further research that is unfortunately beyond the scope and possibility of this report. Deprivation in housing is driven by housing problems (i.e. dilapidated walls and windows), while deprivation in utilities is mainly driven by the heating indicator (Figure 30). More than one in three children are deprived in education, which derives almost completely from the lack of a suitable place for the child to study and do homework.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
This vision could point towards more effective multi-level governance, better policy coherence and planning (including climate change scenarios), more systematic use of economic instruments, alignment of river basin authorities, comprehensive and consistent information systems and public participation, and better financing and regulatory frameworks for service provision. The process should provide a basis for engaging a broad range of stakeholders from the national and subnational level in applying innovative solutions. Such a strategic vision would require a high level of leadership and commitment to raise the profile of water on the national reform agenda.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
Yet despite - and in large part because of -the attention given to conceptual thinking and practical applications of peacebuilding instruments and approaches, we are far from a full understanding and the capacity to apply peacebuilding strategies and techniques to their full potential. Is such work regarded as “transforming” - seeking ultimately to challenge the unsustainable, unjust status quo and bring about profound change towards greater justice and wellbeing? In that sense peacebuilding needs to do more to contribute to the “transformation” of society, in the spirit of Fisher and Zimina.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
Furthermore, this solution increases the chances that the entrepreneur will obtain a bank loan. The proportion of the personal financial contribution is part of the overall balance of the financing plan for a new business or takeover project. Hence it must be understood in terms of the many other criteria that differ depending on the type of project.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
A well-designed national reporting system, that remains closely linked to local and frontline services, should add to continuous learning. National reporting already occurs for adverse reactions to medications (through the Yellow Card scheme) and Health Protection Scotland already produces reports on infections regularly, such as Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia infection (which is then analysed and reported back at NHS Board level), so precedents exist. A country Scotland could follow in promoting a national adverse events reporting system is Denmark (Box 2.10). Notably, six years later, the system was expanded to include adverse events occurring in primary care, including in general practice and pharmacy.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
Official development finance provided as core funding to these entities or activities implemented by these entities were considered to support STI. Most of these agencies are research institutions, or NGOs or other networks focused on science in a particular field. The list also includes entities focusing on standard setting or monitoring of the ICT landscape and entities providing technical assistance or supporting technology transfers in the field of ICTs or green technologies. These entities are presented in table A.3.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
According to CONAGUA (2010c), the average global efficiency of utilities in 2006 was 32.6%, a percentage that increased to 42.3% in 2010, based on data of 80 utilities in cities with more than 20 000 inhabitants. This means that, out of 1 000 litres produced, only 423 are paid for, the rest is lost through the network, not billed for, or billed but not paid for. In 2005, the PATME26 programme was specifically launched to increase the efficiency of water operators. The APAZU programme emphasises increasing physical and commercial efficiency of water utilities (e.g. it prioritises operators that undertake billing and collection actions as well as water leak reduction).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)