albertmartinez/OSDG huggingface dataset:
It should be pointed out that this is not the only way of exploring this relationship, but it was selected as being the only question available in the Latinobarometro investigation that allows this association to be approached directly.17 It should also be considered that, in intrinsic terms.18 subjects’ assessment of their own satisfaction with their work is necessarily a measure of how far they perceive it to be falling short of some threshold of comparison (which may be absolute or relative). One of the risks to the reliability of measures of this kind is that expectations may adapt (declining intensity of response to a reiterated stimulus or “treatment”). If this risk materializes, subjects with veiy different jobs will present similar levels of satisfaction with their work. Thus, satisfaction with work is greatest among professionals and mid- and high-ranking executives and lowest among farmers and fishermen.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
The reported capacity credit values have been used for onshore without any adjustment. The capacity credit values for offshore have been adjusted to take into account its higher load factor values. A recent study (Jones, 2012) evaluates capacity credit for PV for the California electricity system, assuming a broad range of solar installed capacity. Resulting capacity credits are quite high with 27% and 11% respectively, which reflects both the high load factors and the good correlation with peak demand in the south west of the United States.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Some countries, such as Denmark, the Netherlands and Norway rely on such personnel to a great extent, while in Hungary their role appears to be limited, as reflected in their comparatively low numbers at 2.5 per thousand population in 2008. Consistent with the general trend of declining numbers of hospital beds, the number of hospital beds per thousand population in Hungary came down to around seven in 2009 from nearly nine in 1996, owing to cost-containment policies targeting excess capacity in the hospital sector and the advent of new medical technologies allowing greater reliance on day care rather than long hospitalisation. Nevertheless, the number of hospital beds remained above the OECD average of five per thousand in 2009 (OECD, 2011, Figure 4.5). The average lengths of stay in acute and inpatient care were among the lowest in the OECD in 2009.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
A recent set of case studies undertaken by FAO draws complementary' conclusions on how the “mainstreaming” of agricultural trade policies into development strategies can help build support for policies that can help trade contribute more effectively to national food security. The findings of these two case study projects are summarised in Boxes 5 and 6. The supporting case studies looked at the underlying political economy of policy decisions in 14 countries: Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, Viet Nam, and Zambia.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
This book rethinks the public, public communication and public action in a globalising and mediated world. It develops novel theoretical perspectives for investigating the formation of publics, focusing on four overlapping processes: claiming publics, personalising publics, mediating publics, and becoming public.Using fascinating case studies, Rethinking the public offers a rich set of methodological resources on which other researchers can draw and foregrounds the need to interrogate the boundaries between theory, research and politics. It is ideal reading for higher level undergraduate and masters programmes in politics, geography, public policy, sociology, social policy, public administration and cultural studies.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
The concept of scale politics offers historians a useful framework for analyzing the connections between environment and health. This essay examines the public health campaign around emerging diseases during the 1990s, particularly the ways in which different actors employed scale in geographic and political representations, how they configured cause, consequence, and intervention at different scales, and the moments at which they shifted between different scales in the presentation of their arguments. Biomedical scientists, the mass media, and public health and national security experts contributed to this campaign, exploiting Americans' ambivalence about globalization and the role of modernity in the production of new risks, framing them in terms that made particular interventions appear necessary, logical, or practical.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Given the intense flow of people and human activities that transit beyond the porous borders of States, there is a clear failure of the State jurisdiction empire and an urgent need to develop a new paradigm for understanding the relationship between the States and the subject, acts and claims under their jurisdiction. International judicial cooperation, in its various instruments, is at the heart of this new paradigm, in a context of reinterpretation of sovereignty and jurisdiction, and towards the universal jurisdiction as an international value. This paper analyzes the different dimensions of international judicial cooperation, with special focus on the reflection about the existence of a right of cooperation and a duty to cooperate, in the light of materializing human rights of persons involved. With this intent, the paper is developed through a systemic analysis of doctrine and international jurisprudence in this regard.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Only three developing countries - the Republic of Korea (4.27 per cent), Singapore (2.20 per cent) and China (2.02 per cent) - reached R&D intensity above the world average in 2014“ The indications are that R&D expenditure and numbers of researchers closely follow economic trends. The poorest countries thus continue to lag far behind the most advanced countries. It covers three types of activity: basic research, applied research and experimental development. Available at http://data.uis.unesco.org/ (accessed 21 March 2018).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
International Relations (IR) and related social science disciplines focusing on peace and conflict studies have enabled a bureaucratic understanding of peacebuilding and a liberal form of peace. Th...
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Post-abortion services should therefore be made available to adolescents. Where abortion is legal, it should be safe and accessible. Increasing adolescents’ access to contraception can not only help prevent abortion, but it can also help prevent death and injury from complications from pregnancy and delivery (UNFPA, 2012a). Service providers could help prevent or space second pregnancies by offering contraception to girls who have given birth or who have had an abortion.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
Their trading relationship with China contributed to the IMF’s projection that GDP growth would slow in 2015 for both Australia (2.4%, down from 2.7% in 2014) and New Zealand (2.2%, down from 3.3% in 2014) (IMF 2015b). Although the Australian Government expects a continued increase in outbound tourism, it has revised its predictions downwards (Tourism Research Australia 2015). Should slowing economic growth and weakening currencies in Australia and New Zealand reduce the growth in visitor numbers to the Pacific, then this could have a serious knock-on effect on the important tourism industry. However, the financial volatility associated with China’s slowdown could benefit the Pacific’s gold producers (Fiji and Papua New Guinea), as the price of gold tends to rise in times of financial uncertainty (Roache and Rossi 2009).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Standard services include, but are not limited to: marketing assistance, legal and financial advisory, mentoring, and access to business networks. The ability to acknowledge and highlight existing gender differences, issues, and inequalities and integrate these into strategies and actions (World Bank, “Gender and Development: A Trainer’s Manual”). Gender-sensitive approaches use specific methods and tools to provide women more opportunities for their participation in the development process.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
Eligibility for GAVI funds is restricted to countries whose per capita gross national income (GNI) was below US$1,000 in 2003. Reaching the Poor with Health, Nutrition, and Population Services: What Works, What Doesn't, and Why, World Bank, Washington, D.C., 2005. While this is encouraging and can contribute to reducing gaps across countries, it does not guarantee—except in the case of massive campaigns reaching a significantly large share of the population—that inequality within given countries will be reduced and that the most disadvantaged groups will be reached.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
One key law we passed during my term was one that established salary equality between men and women performing the exact same function. Today, women from the three lowest-income quintiles of the population, 60 per cent are working women will be guaranteed with a pension starting when they turn 65 whether they have worked outside of home or not and regardless of the type ofjobs they held. Clearly, we have seen that the work we have done for women has benefitted society, in general.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
Government spending on social protection accounted for just 12% of GDP, less than half the EU average of 25%. And expenditures on social assistance for the poor accounted for only 0.5% of GDP, prompting criticism that Turkey's social support systems were both fragmented and insufficient. Key policy changes include systematic strengthening of social assistance programmes, conditional cash transfers, social security reforms and an ambitious transformation of the national public health system.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
The lines in the figures are the linear regressions of the variable in the vertical axis and the variable in the horizontal axis. The slope of the regression line is statistically significant at the 1 per cent level. Note: a takes a value of 0 for the poverty rate, 1 for the poverty gap index and 2 for the poverty severity index.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 inhab. Many developing countries rely almost exclusively on mobile broadband technologies. While this gives individuals and businesses the access to key tools for the development of a digital economy, replying exclusively on mobile broadband has several limitations. First, the current speed of mobile broadband is inferior to fixed technologies, which limits the development of advanced technologies requiring high speed Internet to function properly.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
Educated parents are better able to attend to their children's health and nutritional needs and educated people are better able to come up with innovations that benefit their communities. While education and income levels have an impact on health, health also has a significant impact on education and income levels. Some of the priority areas for targeting improvements are primary care, prevention, psychological counselling services, and the identification of environmental risks.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
If a person is injured in more than one occupational accident during the reference period, each case of injury to that person should be counted separately. Fatal occupational injury: an injury caused by an accident at work which leads to the death of a victim within one year of the accident. Note: cases of occupational disease and cases of injury due to commuting accidents (see glossary) are generally excluded from the numerator. Employed persons (age 15+): Employment is defined according to the resolution of the 19th ICLS in 2013 (see glossary).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg8)
Further, the consultations could consider studies prepared by independent international organisations or institutes, in addition to information provided by country governments. The international consultations process could also catalyse national consultation processes in different countries, which in turn could help to broaden the participation of domestic stakeholders in the development of mitigation commitments. Therefore a new, separate process for international consultations on post-2020 commitments is likely to be needed. If a consultation process were to be undertaken for all countries, this would have significant implications in terms of time and resources.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
This article traces the evolution of public  administration,  suggesting that there are only two major phases: traditional and modern. The fields of public administration are discussed taking cognizance of the many other emerging fields going beyond the traditional fields of public administration, namely, voluntary sector management and information technology.  Selected major ongoing concerns of public administration which include reorganization, decentralization and corruption in the Philippines are also considered. The article also briefly discusses an example of what is now taken as an emerging illustration of a home grown governance paradigm, the "Gawad Kalinga" as illustrative of a successful partnership and cooperation between government, business and civil society in the delivery of basic services, which after all is a core concern of modern public administration and good governance. The article ends by raising third order concerns and challenges as it tries to address the question, “for whom is public administration.”
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Strengthen the skills and supports for school leaders. Costa Rica should use the results of its school leader tests to improve the relevance of initial and in-service leadership development programmes and establish peer-learning schemes. The creation of instructional leadership positions within schools, with clear responsibility for individual and school-w'ide teachers' professional development (e.g. classroom observation, mentoring, appraisals), is critical to improve the pedagogical knowledge and practice of in-service teachers.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
Purpose – To argue that developing countries in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region should embrace the concept of freedom of information to enable better human rights and economic development.Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews the current situation through discussion of current legislation and proposed policies.Findings – Whereas several theories abound as to why there has been little development in sub‐Saharan Africa, this paper discusses the status of freedom of information legislations within the SADC region and the implications for accountability and transparency in the management of public resources.Research limitations/implications – The paper suggests the importance of further research into the importance of freedom of information legislation for economic and human rights development.Practical implications – The paper has practical implication for those considering the potential of freedom of information legislation in developing countries.Originality/value – Freed...
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
The risk of being in the bottom quintile for NSW households is highest in Estonia, Luxembourg and the Slovak Republic where over 45% of NSW households fall into the lower part of the income distribution. Working poverty (which will be discussed below) is a concern when having a working household member (in a non-standard job) does not improve the position in the income distribution. It is remarkable that in Greece and Luxembourg the share of NSW households falling into the bottom quintile is very close to that of jobless households. Similarly, “Non-standard worker households” refers to households where either all adult members are in non-standard work or there are only non-standard workers and non-working adult members. “
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
Ill: Periods of hypoxia, dominated by small worms and RPD layter close to the sediment/water interface. Certain groups of species, primarily mollusks and plants, can reduce organic and nutrient loading to the water column (Table 14.3). But physical drivers play a large role in determining the degree of impact to the water column. Suspension-feeders serve to couple pelagic and benthic processes because they filter suspended particles from the water column and the undigested remains, ejected as mucus-bound feces and pseudofeces, sink to the sediment surface.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg14)
Despite this progress, an appropriate water quality integrated management strategy, such as water safety plans, including risk analysis - which is already used in various EU countries as a tool to achieve safe water - is lacking. They also monitor the quality of bathing water and water in swimming pools. Monitoring of drinking water quality is conducted on a regular basis by both the Institutes of Public Health and the operators of about 154 water supply systems in urban areas.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
Culture is undoubtedly one of the most significant aspects of identity, yet our understanding of the concept and particularly of its consequences for international conflict management is underdeveloped. In this article, we test the hypothesis that cultural differences between parties reflect diversity and contradictions, and that these differences compound the difficulties faced by conflicting parties in finding effective mediated outcomes. Several theories that deal with culture's impact on conflict management are presented and a model is introduced that permits us to test the hypothesis empirically. Five variables that measure culture are examined, these include geographical proximity, nature of the political system, political rights, civil rights and religion. The analysis suggests that all but one (nature of the political system) have a significant impact on mediation outcomes.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
In addition, National Quality Goals initiated in 2016 set a framework to improve quality and efficiency of care across settings. The Danish health care system is effective in preventing mortality from amenable causes such as ischaemic heart disease and stroke. The case-fatality rate for heart attack patients is among the lowest in the EU.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
The latter offers separate products for water and sanitation, through the Safe Water and Rural Environmental Sanitation Program (SWRESP). In 2007, the amount of loans for SWRESP was USD 20 million. This initiative, supported by USAID Environmental Services Program, is to be scaled up countrywide with a target of 10 000 connections by 2009.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
Abstract   In response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, there have been several statutory and regulatory changes that enhance the collection and use of personal information for intelligence and law enforcement purposes. This article first examines how particular sectors, including financial, educational, libraries, and transportation, have been affected by these changes, with particular attention to the requirements of the USA PATRIOT Act. Next, five common themes and trends, including the lowering of standards for individualized suspicion and the weakening of judicial safeguards, are identified and their effects on privacy and due process are explored. Finally, the article analyzes several political and social implications of the omnibus reduction in privacy protections in the face of terrorism, including the proposal for a national identification system.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
In Viet Nam, it is estimated that 68% of the labour force generates their income from the informal economy, which does not allow them to access traditional financing sources (World Bank, 2015a). This system was intended as an instrument of security, economic planning and migration control, as movement had to be permitted by local authorities. Moreover, permanent residence was attached to the provision of rationing, land, housing, education, health services and employment, thus strongly restricting internal migration. Migrants no longer required a departure permit from their local authority or the provision of a proof of employment or university enrolment to move to another city, and a tempo ran,' registration status was introduced.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
Contextual review is a judicial method that rejects doctrinal or categorical methods to guide judicial supervision of administrative action. Judges are invited to assess the circumstances in the round without any doctrinal scaffolding to control the depth of scrutiny, in other words, intervention turns on an instinctive judicial impulse or overall evaluative judgement. This article identifies and explains the various instances where this method is deployed in judicial review in Anglo-Commonwealth administrative law. The efficacy of this style of review is also evaluated, using rule of law standards to frame the analysis. Its increasing popularity is a worrying turn, in part because its reliance on unstructured normativism undermines the rule of law.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Skills in emotional intelligence (EI) help healthcare leaders understand, engage and motivate their team. They are essential for dealing well with conflict and creating workable solutions to complex problems. EI skills are grounded in personal competence, upon which build the skills for social competence, including social awareness and relationship management. The leader’s EI skills strongly impact the culture of the organization. This article lists example strategies for building seventeen key emotional intelligence skills that are the foundations for personal and work success and provides examples of their appropriate use as well as their destructive under-use and over-use. Many examples are those incorporated into our healthcare-related leadership development institutes offered at the University of North Carolina’s Gillings School of Global Public Health.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Testimonies of wartime sexual violence contribute to the recognition of rape as a serious human rights violation. Although acknowledgement and justice are imperative to ending silence and impunity, this article critiques some commonly held therapeutic assumptions about disclosure through examining the way so-called “unspeakable” events are communicated through legal discourse. In this article, the author explores the inherent limitations of language for bearing witness to wartime rape, specifically focusing on international war crimes tribunals. The author argues that trials contribute to the impossibility of bearing witness through both the appropriation of trauma and the failure of law to accommodate traumatic experiences.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
But such a detailed bottom-up analysis is necessarily partial in scope. Therefore, specific insights can be drawn from a more top-down analysis of key interlinkages between land, water and energy in the global biophysical and economic systems. The current report hence does not aim to provide an exhaustive answer on the costs of inaction in all regions in the world. Rather, it limits itself to a top-down approach, by using large-scale global systems models to explore how major resource bottlenecks can affect the land use systems and economies of the major regions in the world. Rather, insights are provided by investigating a carefully selected set of scenarios that are designed to illustrate the key bottlenecks: one scenario for each resource bottleneck, plus two scenarios that combine all bottlenecks, with and without an overlay of climate change.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)