albertmartinez/OSDG huggingface dataset:
To some extent, quantity and quality can be traded off with one another (Becker and Lewis 1973), but declines in fertility can be so large that increased quality cannot compensate. We draw capacities in the widest sense of the term and include a broad array of features that make human beings more economically effective, such as emotional maturity and self-confidence, as well as standard human capital measures, such as education and skills. As such, human capacities are a broader category than human capital, but like human capital they are defi ned in terms of how they serve economic growth.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
Thus, the reported data on waste are not directly comparable with waste data from, for example, Western Europe. Monitoring industrial waste is performed at the point of generation in Belarus, while international practice records industrial waste data on the input to treatment or disposal facility. Achieving a high level of industrial waste recovery is also required. This leads to the fact that the reported amount of industrial waste recovery is high, often exceeding the real amount of generated waste. The law requires reporting in m , which are estimations based on vehicle capacity mainly due to the fact that mini-dumpsites are too small for weighbridges. Also, the key legal documents regulating financing of MSW management are using m of waste as a parameter for defining unit fees or costs.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg12)
This article seeks to identify the contribution made by the International Court of Justice (ICJ or Court) to the international criminal law on genocide in its judgment of 26 February 2007 on the Case concerning the Application of the Convention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro).1 The overall assessment is as follows: while the judgment contains welcome clarification and consolidation of the international criminal law on genocide in several respects, the Court did not fully apprehend the complex structure of the crime. Most importantly, the Court did not provide a coherent explanation for its characterization of the atrocities committed in Srebrenica as genocide. This note will not deal in any detail with the concept of a state act of genocide constituting an internationally wrongful act, the ICJ's factual findings, or its approach to admitting and weighing evidence.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
The behaviour of this investment, most of which is in the hands of transnationals, varies greatly between the different countries of the region, since the regulatory frameworks governing such investment vary widely. The Latin American experience shows that private ownership and management of electricity assets is not necessarily synonymous with greater investment, universal quality service or low prices, but private investors have helped to increase generating and distribution capacity in most countries. Although private investments slumped between 2001 and 2006, transnational firms have since resumed their plans for investment in new capacity, attracted by the sustained increase in demand and stable regulatory frameworks that are generally private-investment-friendly. In Chile, the number and size of investment projects undertaken has also increased.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
It also involves the setting up of land administration committees at the village level. Kumar and Quisumbing (2012) found that the presence of women members in these committees has a positive impact on shifting perceptions toward equal division of assets upon divorce. As a result, resources controlled by women often result in increased investments in the next generation’s health, nutrition and schooling, and they have increased bargaining power. The land registration measures appear to lead toward transformative social protection outcomes. Some of the development indicators are comparable to those of sub-Saharan Africa. Persistent levels of inequity in incomes, assets, education and health pose seemingly insurmountable challenges to reducing poverty and hunger in the region.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
Data from European Union household and time-use surveys, for instance, have been used to estimate that the market value of women's unpaid work could range from one quarter to one third of a country's gross domestic product.* In developing countries, women spend on average th ree hours more per day than men on un paid work, and i n developed countries, two hours more. See abstract and section 4.3 of the publication, available from httpY/ftp.iza.org/dp5046.pdf. Available from hupY/unstats.un.org/unsd'gendet/docs/WW2015%20at%20a%20Glance.pdf.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
They are still in poor condition and obsolete, and cover only 2 per cent of arable land. The estimated water demand in FBiH is 1.1 million m3 to 1.27 million m3 per year in the Sava River catchment area and 5 million m3 to 5.63 million m3 per year for the Adriatic Sea watershed. For RS, the estimated amount is about 6.8 million m3.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
For this group of countries, the potential consequences for water quality of the projected growth in agricultural production might include (trends may vary within and across countries) the following. Within the EU27, however, there could be some diverging trends, with the agricultural sector continuing to contract in many of the former EU15 countries, but expanding in some of the new EU member states (European Environment Agency, 2010). In addition, crop and livestock production could undergo further intensification and concentration of production on less land to maintain increases in productivity and profitability. For this group of countries, the potential consequences for water quality of the projected low growth or decrease in agricultural production might include (trends may vary within and across countries) the following.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
Their and other species' biomass (abundance) is unknown. Studies of microbes and their roles in the deep pelagic ecosystems are only just beginning to reveal the great diversity of such organisms. The nekton (the organisms that swim independently through the ocean), include many species offish, crustaceans (such as krill) and cephalopods (such as squids).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg14)
This also provides the possibility to adjust the electricity need according to demand and prices. In the times of high electricity prices, the pumps can be turned off and instead heat produced with fuels in heat-only-boilers or CHP plants. There are some peak boilers in district heat networks or industry utilizing electricity, but they have not been widely used. Partly this is due to electricity taxation: the electricity used forthe heat production in taxed quite heavily in the Nordic countries, which increases the cost of heat production. Leanheat offers building owners optimization tools that reduce the cost of heating and enable preventive maintenance of buildings.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Urbanisation and increased demand for water reinforce the need to collect and treat effluents of wastewater. The same applies to industries and, in similar ways, to agriculture. To this end, OECD (2017) recommends that governments combine regulatory, information-based and economic instruments to provide continuing incentives for water users and polluters to reduce quantitative and qualitative pressure on water resources.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
Several countries, including Azerbaijan and Tajikistan, also need to address problems in the banking sector. Strengthening the subregion’s financial sector will be important for supporting entrepreneurship, economic diversification and infrastructure development. For example, in Thailand the Fiscal Policy Office upgraded its economic growth forecast for 2018 to 4.2 per cent, from 3.8 per cent (Chaitrong, 2018).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg8)
However, continuous improvements are coming to market as the technology matures, while further theoretical developments are taking place. Concerns around cyber security are currently impeding broad adoption of IoT and Al applications. The success of such applications is highly dependent on high standards of data security, clear rules about data ownership, interoperability of systems, and data reliability.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law. All requests for public or commercial use and translation rights should be submitted to rights@oecd.org. Requests for permission to photocopy portions of this material for public or commercial use shall be addressed directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) at in/o@copyright.com or the Centre franc a is d'exploitation du droit de copie (CFC) at contact@cfcopies.com. We would also like to thank many other people in Kazakhstan who, during our visit and meetings, gave their time to welcome us at their schools and other institutions and answered our questions.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
With the advent of digital and computational technologies, TV sets extended their capabilities to become a more general user interface for selecting and retr ieving content. Such collaboration does not mean replacement of one network by the other, rather, it creates an environment in which both systems can co-exist independently or cooperatively. A telecommunication service, on the other hand, provides personalized delivery of data requested by the users or, by extension, their media systems. Nowadays, consumers expect this to be available irrespective of user location (‘any place’) and at any moment of time (‘any time’).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
The source of information is a questionnaire filled out by the school in the context of the SNED. Sources of information include regular education statistics at the school level and a SNED questionnaire. The main source of information is a SNED questionnaire. For example, in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago, for a total of 11 groups, the distribution was as follows: 3 groups for urban primary schools, 3 groups for rural primary schools, 3 groups for urban secondary schools, 1 group for rural secondary schools, and 1 group for special education.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
During and following the revolution, the management of the central company registry was disrupted, and the regional one-stop shops were forced to suspend their registry operations. As there is no national electronic company registry, all companies need to register in Tripoli, requiring notaries from other cities to travel to finalise the process. This creates additional business registration complexities and costs for entrepreneurs and investors living outside of Tripoli. It requires the approval of a commission represented by multiple agencies, including the Social Security Administration, the Labour Administration, the Tax Administration, the Ministry of Interior and the Ministry of Economy.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg8)
By adulthood and after they join the workforce, most individuals have no further engagement in formal education. Given such challenges, it is all the more important to take a whole-of-government approach in tackling issues related to equity for adults. According to the OECD population database,1 in 2012 on average across OECD countries, 66% of the population was of working age, in Korea, the Slovak Republic and Poland, the figure was more than 70% of the population.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
The yield from Oresund is among the highest in Swedish fisheries, and fish stocks are healthy. Because of the narrow belt and the extensive traffic, trawling was banned in 1931. One result is an extensive recreational fishery, which targets fishers from Northern Europe. The fishery in Oresund is shared between Sweden and Denmark.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg14)
This is also an effect of the merit order (Figure 7). Keppler and Cruciani (2010) have estimated these windfall profits for the utility sector as a whole at more than EUR 19 billion for the first phase of the EU ETS, and state that this phenomenon will only be partially mitigated by the auctioning of emission allowances from 2013 on. From this perspective, the interaction between RE and C02 policy instruments, which work in opposite directions in transferring wealth from utilities to industry customers and vice versa, tend to off-set each other's effects, at least in part.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
As evidence of this success, the research has subsequently fed into the development of Tonga’s new draft curriculum framework which emphasises sustainability with a strong cultural element, reflecting a positive step in aligning ESD within the formal sector with local culture and values. While some of the work may be taken up by donor-supported projects such as SLEP, such work is often restricted by programme frameworks. Universities, and to a lesser extent private sector and civil society organisations, have a key role to play in responding to the need for high quality research on ESD. While there are strong examples of scholarship on ESD from all three of the focus regions, reports regularly highlight the need for more work in this area (see Collins-Figueroa et al.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
Criminal background checks are used often for employment purposes. In some countries like the uk these checks tend to disclose not only convictions but also police information like arrests, cautions, and acquittals. By contrast, in other continental European countries criminal background checks for employment purposes tend to disclose only convictions. This paper argues that the disclosure of police information like, for example, arrest records is against the presumption of innocence and the right to privacy as interpreted by the European Court of Human Rights.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Disparities in secondary and higher education are increasingly powerful forces driving inequalities, given that their roles are more and more vital in the development of the skills that are needed to participate in the global economy. In developing countries, young adolescents from the poorest 20 per cent of households are three times more likely than those in the wealthiest 20 per cent of households to be out of school (United Nations, 2013). Young adolescents living in rural areas are 9 per cent more likely to be out of school than those living in urban areas. Moreover, young girls are more likely than their male counterparts to be out of school.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
The able includes information on the 25 countries for which data when available is presented. However, the ADB calculations concerns 38 countries in Asia and the Pacific, and results for all these countries are used to calculate the unweighted "overall ADB average”. The table includes information for all high income countries for which data is available.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
An ethnic minority group may penetrate the political space that has been occupied by the majority—a success from the perspective of equity in political participation —but the members of the ethnic minority who occupy the space may then use class divisions to exclude others in the same ethnic minority from participating in policy decisions. It is thus important to recognize that group identity and barriers of exclusion tend to shift under strategies to protect advantages. Today, trends in global income distribution present challenges to collective agreements and cooperation across countries and population segments.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
Management institutions are unable to address compliance, while low skills and technological development in the region, which may otherwise permit improve public attitudes towards conservation, is inadequate. These social aspects are discussed in the rest of this chapter. There are nevertheless several examples of coastal communities in the region who have upheld resource use regulations informed by their sense of attachment to a resource base (Cinner and Aswani 2007). In some, fisherfolk describe their rights to marine commons as akin to communal ownership derived from their ancestors or a spiritual being.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
Adequately preparing in-company supervisors (see below) and VET teachers on how to ensure high quality workplace training, including setting and monitoring its content, would facilitate this task. Systematic assessments of the acquired competences, as currently used in Syntra apprenticeships, are a useful tool in achieving this. They should be extended to other VET programmes. These include pedagogical skills and social skills, such as communication skills, the ability to deal with conflicts and unexpected mistakes (Harris, Simons and Bone, 2000).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
The threat to halt progress on a plan generally only worries the local government preparing the plan, not the other authorities being consulted. Constructive co-operation and co-ordination of plans is clearly an important goal to ensure the best use of land and infrastructure investment. Within London and the larger English conurbations, non-statutory arrangements and statutory' joint committees are emerging as a way of guiding good planning without the creation of new levels of cumbersome plans.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
It is common to find projects focused on rural or peri-urban areas to try to close access gaps with urban areas. Affordability concerns are already being integrated in project preparation in many water sector projects. However, the equitable access dimension related to vulnerable and marginalized groups is rarely considered (with maybe the exception of schools and healthcare centers).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
Care should therefore be taken in explicitly linking these policies with the SDGs. However, the case studies are valuable in suggesting the types of approaches that could be useful for countries as they face the challenge of developing and implementing policies, programmes and strategies aimed at achieving the SDGs. For example, the lessons learned can help to demonstrate the value of multistakeholder partnerships, which bring governments, the private sector, civil society and individuals together in seeking to find new ways to realize their common goals and aspirations. They also illustrate the benefits of landscape-based approaches and the multiple services that forests and trees provide. The eight countries (including two regions within countries) vary widely in geography, climate, political systems, and social and cultural traditions, as well as income level.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
Guyanav. Suriname is a case where the international tribunal has an opportunity to deal with the state responsibility issue in a maritime delimitation dispute. This paper examines the jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal over Guyanese submission that Suriname was internationally responsible for violating its obligations under the LOS Convention, the Charter of the United Nations and general international law to settle disputes by peaceful means. And the arbitral tribunal made great contributions to the clarification of the obligations under Articles 74(3) and 83(3) of the LOS Convention to make every effort to enter into provisional arrangements and not to jeopardize or hamper the reaching of a final delimitation agreement.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
However, because the distribution of principal characteristics has important equity dimensions, such as gender and ethnicity, this consideration remains important to any study of educational leadership. This question was an important one for TALIS 2013 and remains so for TALIS 2018, especially given evidence of the differential distribution of highly qualified principals across schools (Boyd et al., This challenge is likely to make it harder to develop effective leadership at the school level. What appears to matter more, though, in terms of school improvement and student outcomes is what principals actually do (Muijs, 2011(54]), particularly with regard to exercising instructional leadership.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
In the latter case they become “recipients of monetary payments”. Those who choose not to convert the eligibility for social assistance into a monetary benefit are eligible to get the so called “social package”, i.e., they are entitled to get a set or a subset of social services including provision of vital medicines, medical products, specialised clinical nutrition products for disabled children, vouchers for health resort treatments, free suburban railway transport, as well as intercity transportation to treatment centres. The amount of monetary payment to different eligible categories is defined by federal laws and indexed every year.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
Delegating care is closely linked to reconciling work and family life in terms of the compatibility betw een working hours and the opening hours of the care centres, continuity or discontinuity between postnatal periods and access to care sendees (Saraceno, 2011, summarized in Sojo, 2011). Social care is tied to place, in other words, the social relations that determine who provides the care (in what form, quality and quantity) are closely linked to the scenarios of meaning and interaction that, together, shape them. In addition, the concept of social care provides a fundamental look at the binomes of production and consumption, public and private sectors and formal and informal spheres that characterize the place of the action (Daly and Lewis, 2000, Hanlon and others, 2007, pp. These criteria are useful, for example, for distinguishing between the care and treatment that are necessary to prevent morbidity, restore health or treat chronic diseases but are within the purview of the health sector and its providers, and complementary' health-related activities that are dispensed within the framework of care, for the most part within the home.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
This essay argues that cosmopolitan law has been more successfully achieved not by appeal to a supra-state authority or community, but by the development of features of existing treaty law. Specifically, it shows how the International Criminal Court’s jurisdiction over serious human rights violations has been extended to the citizens and territories of non-member states – and even to otherwise immune state officials – not by challenging the sovereignty of non-member states directly, but on the basis of member states’ own territorial sovereignty and the universal jurisdiction which they delegate to the Court and to the United Nations Security Council. In light of this, the authors argue that cosmopolitanism is better conceived not as invoking an independent sense of global community that supersedes and constrains state sovereignty, but as an immanent, contingent and creative development of statist criminal law itself, rooted in its principles of state sovereignty.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Reduction commitments were completed in 2013, although commitments were finished on 96% of tariff lines in 2006. Members could decide which tariff lines were included in each list. New ASEAN members were given the same time period for tariff reduction as the ASEAN-6 with the starting point determined by the date of joining.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)