albertmartinez/OSDG huggingface dataset:
The latter Programme plans a further increase of protected area network coverage up to 17 per cent of Albanian territory by the end of 2013. Management plans are also available for Vjose-Narte Protected Landscape Area (19,738 ha) and Kune-Vain-Tale Managed Nature Reserve (4,393.2 ha). Implementation of management plans has been undertaken by the administrations of Dajti National Park, Llogara National Park, Karaburun-Sazan National Park and Vjose-Narte Protected Landscape Area. Some new acts relevant to protected areas have been adopted, e.g. the 2002 DCM on Listing the Butrinti Wetland Complex as a Ramsar Site, No.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
The sessions of the General Meeting can be ordinary (held once a year) and extraordinary (held when the circumstances make this advisable, in the president’s opinion, when the Board of Directors agrees to this or when proposed in writing by one-tenth of the members). A vice-president and a treasurer are designated. All the posts forming the Board of Directors are unremunerated.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
Research reports on these four components have been published on the EEL website (see below), final integrating reports are scheduled to be released in September 2012. These abilities are discovered and disciplined through education, so it is important that education systems help young people prepare themselves for new opportunities being created in the green economy. The report has quoted international studies, for example, that emphasise the value of core capabilities in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). In Sydney, the NSW Department of Education & Training recognises the significance of sustainability education. It manages a government-funded support programme to help schools integrate environmental learning and awareness into all aspects of their activities (Sustainable Schools NSW, see www.sustainableschools.nsw.edu.au). The Department declared 2010 as a ‘Year of Learning for Sustainability’.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
It discusses recent projects and achievements in this direction, considers the challenges in building a coherent policy framework for the ZMVM and offers some recommendations based on international good practice. A final section addresses the Mexico City-Toluca train project and the New Mexico City International Airport. Central to achieving this is building a strong metropolitan co-ordination structure for mobility planning and implementation, aligning private and public actors to achieve consistency across policies and projects, moving away from reactive actions and developing long-term planning capacity, and assigning human and financial resources to generate the right technical expertise for the kind of policies that are coherent with new' priorities.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
Areas where changes are needed are highlighted in Table 1. If information related to collective efforts are to be successfully tracked via the UNFCCC’s reporting framework, this would entail a significant change in reporting requirements, e.g. by making it mandatory to report information not currently required or not currently required with such frequency, from selected developing countries. Alternatively, the international community could potentially rely on information not submitted by countries themselves (but e.g. international organisations, other non-party stakeholders such as local authorities and industry groups) to track progress.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
It will create employment and rejuvenate economic sectors that have suffered in recent years, such as tourism, manufacturing and transportation. It will provide vital experience of the region’s ability to work together, leading to better regional understanding and cohesion. Perhaps most importantly, the Caribbean successfully pursing a sustainable energy system will send a strong message to the rest of the world that tackling climate change and transitioning from an almost 100 per cent fossil fuel-based energy system to a clean, sustainable energy system is indeed possible. There then follows a review of the international sustainable energy environment, determining both emerging trends and risks, before assessing the ability of existing strategies to foster sustainable growth.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Previous scholarship has neglected to fully explore the dynamic nature of international news flow over time. This study uses content analysis to track foreign nation visibility on a yearly basis in two major U.S. news outlets: the New York Times (1950-2006) and NBC Nightly News (1968-2006). Time-series analysis is used to evaluate the influence of five contextual factors on foreign nation visibility in the news: (a) geographic proximity, (b) bilateral trade flow, (c) U.S. troop deployment, (d) GDP per capita, and (e) population. The research findings build on earlier news flow studies by adding a longitudinal dimension that has been absent from previous news “flow” scholarship.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Reliance has been decreasing since reaching a high of 5.8% in 2015, but a negative shock to the UK economy could be damaging to Cambodian trade. The potential impact of Brexit on Cambodia’s textile industry (cont.) If the United Kingdom crashes out of the EU single market without a deal on its subsequent relations, its EU trade treaties would become invalid.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
Just as in the case of concessioned buses, no fare adjustments are conducted regularly, and when increases happen, these are quite significant and are not expected by the population. This has increased political pressure to keep tariffs low, as social protest arises each time a substantial increment is implemented. A December 2013 survey of underground users showed that 56% of respondents agreed with a fare increase from MXN 3 to MXN 5 if the government could guarantee a decrease in crowding, waiting times, delays in service, as well as improvement of trip conditions, such as air conditioning and improved safety (Mitofsky, 2013).52 This fare increase was implemented in 2014. However, public faith in its ability to realise the promised improvement has been dented by major events, such as the need to stop operations of the newly constructed Line 12 (due to the acquisition of unsuitable trains) and the collision of two trains in May 2015 (El Economista, 2015). In the case of the underground, the gap between real and actual fares meant a loss of almost MXN 12 000 million in revenues in 2012.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
Governments in the MENA region started setting up targets for renewable energy deployment in the early 2000s (see Table 3.1). However, compared to the targets of the majority of OECD member countries for renewable energies these MENA targets are non-binding. It was endorsed by the CTF Trust Fund Committee on 2 December 2009. The vision is for the Mediterranean MENA economies ultimately to become major suppliers and consumers of CSP-generated electricity.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Africa Gender Equality Index 2015, African Development Bank, Abidjan, http://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/ Documents/Publications/Afric an_Gender_Equality_lndex_2015-EN.pdf. Gender, Poverty and Environmental Indicators on African Countries, Vol XV, African Development Bank. Regional Road Map, OECD/SWAC, Paris, https://www.oecd.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
Some states have agreed to forswear the use of these tools, with the results described as concrete action on mutual supportiveness.18 States (or standard-setting bodies) that implement climate-related standards should implement in parallel programmes of capacity-building to assist exporters to meet those standards. This notion was discussed in the previous section. It was also explicitly written into the recent EU-Singapore Free Trade Agreement: Chapter 7, ‘Non-tariff barriers to trade and investment in renewable energy generation’, prohibits the Parties from using local-content requirements or joint-venture requirements that might affect the other Party’s products, service suppliers, investors or investments.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
At the local level, the reform integrated racially-distinct municipal administrations and created entirely new municipalities in the former homeland areas. There are currently 8 metropolitan (Category A) municipalities,2 44 district (Category C) municipalities and 226 rural (Category B) municipalities. Metropolitan municipalities are responsible for all local government functions within their jurisdiction. Each district municipality includes several local municipalities, and the powers and functions assigned to local government in that area are shared between Category B and C municipalities (based on a decision by the provincial minister for local government).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
The indicators are a mix of measures for procedural quality (e.g. number of HbAlc tests) and intermediate outcomes (e.g. share of diabetics below HbAlc thresholds). They also include cholesterol thresholds and indicators to measure the intake of statins and aspirin among diabetics at high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CNAMTS, 2014, Cashin et al., The bonus payments GPs can generate through the ROSP accounted for 4.1% of total GP payment in 2014 (Rapport de la Commission des comptes de la securite sociale, 2015). In 2015, the average bonus was around EUR 6 800 (CNAMTS, 2016).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
This has constrained their ability to spend on basic social services, including social protection. Progressive taxation and social protection measures not only reduce inequality, but also lessen vulnerability by acting as automatic stabilizers. Therefore, reform of the tax structure, including raising efficiency in tax administration and widening of the tax base are of utmost urgency for most Asia-Pacific countries, especially when they have to find domestic drivers of growth in the face of diminished prospects for exports.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
The writings and opinions of Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., have inspired generations of legal scholars to explain topics like pragmatic skepticism, legal positivism, legal realism, legal moralism, and other “legal-isms.” Justice Holmes — celebrated and contemptible, beloved and beleaguered, emphatically entrenched in the common law — stumbled into federal patent cases on the Supreme Court, yet there is little scholarship stemming from his few opinions in this area. As the twenty-first century ushers in a new gilded age, replete with important battles over patent law and policy as a mechanism for promoting innovation, Holmes’ unique outlook on public and private law (and patents) at the turn of the twentieth century may offer a new perspective within contemporary debates about patent law and its limitations.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Until a lasting and equitable solution is found within the context of the United Nations, Turkey shall preserve its position concerning the “Cyprus issue”. The information in this document relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus. Firstly, many aid providers listed do not provide climate finance (e.g. Haiti Hospital Appeal).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
Two areas of criminology and criminal justice research (CCJ) receive regular attention in the academic literature – the underutilization of qualitative methods and the proper role of research in policy. This paper advances the understanding of both of these issues in the field of police scholarship. It presents the results of content and chi-square analyses of 88 empirical studies of US police published in top policing and CCJ journals. This study finds that the top policing and CCJ journals publish articles that use qualitative methods at vastly disproportionate rates than those using quantitative methods. Police-specific journals publish articles using mixed methods at a higher rate than CCJ journals. Data on practitioners-as-authors, articles’ funding sources and topics, and levels of law enforcement studied also inform considerations for police practitioners, police researchers, and collaborations between them.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
The process of developing the Index involved a panel of experts from the academic, non-profit and government sectors to identify and prioritize food security indicators. The panel of experts was tasked to review the framework, select and weigh the indicators, and to advise on the overall construction of the Index. The development of the Index is based on the 1996 World Food Summit definition of food security, however, it differs from the FAO indicator system in that it groups the indicators according to three dimensions of affordability, availability and quality.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
The fact that TCP/IP was an open standard is often cited as having had a beneficial role in stimulating diffusion. The early stage of Internet diffusion coincided with the opening of telecommunication markets to competition, this stimulated adoption by a number of new market entrants seeking a low-cost platform to compete against entrenched incumbent telecommunication operators. The concentration of knowledge (Silicon Valley) linking university research with firm development activities as well as an active venture capital market undoubtedly also played a large part in stimulating inter-industry spillovers in the development and use of ICT applications.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
Calculations demonstrated that for male migrants, the mean share of social ties which they obtained in Moscow was 0.679 while for females it was 0.585, at die same time, the mean share of social ties with relatives for males was 0.104 and for females 0.175. The difference is not that large, but it is statistically significant (figure 16 and 17). According to the 2013/14 survey, Kyrgyz migrants tended to be proud of their ethnic identification, attached particular importance to it and had strong attitudes towards monoethnic marriages as well as against relations between Kyrgyz women and non-Kyrgyz males (figure 18). As the latter survey shows, respondents who used social networking sites had more acquaintances which they had developed in the Russian Federation, whereas those people who did not use those sites socialized mostly with people whom they got to know in Kyrgyzstan.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
Countries also change their national accounts methodologies from time to time, changing either the base year of the series or the compilation methods. While these changes, which differ from country to country, undoubtedly improve the system of national accounts, they also affect household income and expenditure estimates to the extent that they alter some data sources, coverage of concepts and weightings between economic sectors and activities. The unit of analysis is the household and the well-being indicator is per capita income equivalent.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
This method is used to capture all the children who are deprived in any of the indicators that are part of the same dimension, as they have been selected to represent the fulfilment (or non-fulfilment) of the child's rights and basic needs attributed to the specific dimension. For this reason, MODA does not assign any explicit weights to dimensions when counting the deprivations each child suffers from. As explained above, although no explicit weights are used, implicitly equal weights are assigned. This method reveals exactly which deprivations children are facing, making the severity and overlap analysis more transparent.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
While this has been an established fact in the literature, it is particularly relevant in Jordan, given that during the 10-year period before the survey more than 30 per cent of all children were breastfed for less than the six months recommended by the WHO (see table 3). A recent report on child and maternal nutrition paints an even bleaker picture of breastfeeding behaviour in Jordan (UNICEF, 2009): According to the latest data only 22 per cent of children were exclusively breastfed during the first six months of their lives, well below the average for the developing world, which was estimated at 37 per cent in 2008. Against this backdrop, government agencies should support measures to facilitate breastfeeding, in addition to further increasing their efforts to advertise its benefits.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
On the other hand, 37% of Danish adults report regular heavy alcohol consumption, the highest in the EU. Almost 40% of Danish adolescents report having been drunk at least twice in their life. Obesity rates are below the EU average but on the rise: 14.0% of Danish adults were obese in 2014, up from 9.5% in 2000.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
But there are many challenges ahead. Sufficient and regular data are currently only available for 10 of the 54 gender-specific indicators. Unless gender is mainstreamed into national statistical strategies and prioritized in regular data collection processes, gender data scarcity and gaps will persist. Without high-level commitment and political independence, statistical systems will be unable to play their critical role in the follow-up and review process.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
However, although prior to the 1980s, when neoliberal thinking began to dominate the policy landscape, macroeconomic strategies in many parts ofthe world tried to address a lack of employment opportunities, they currently often limit both the quantity and quality of the employment opportunities available. Macroeconomic policies can be particularly important in influencing the overall demand for labour in the economy. It is common to assume that employment creation is an automatic by-product of economic growth. In reality, growth does not automatically translate into new and better jobs.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
Rice husks are among the most common waste products in India. For example, a cheap ultrasound device, originally developed for the Chinese market, has become the basis of a global business. The current financial crisis is likely to be followed by a long periods of slow growth reducing the purchasing power of consumers. The need for retrenchment will increase when demand for welfare services is rising as the baby-boomers start to retire and medical innovations push up health-care costs.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
In short, it appears to be quite important that water supplies be modelled at the river basin level, as opposed to the national scale, as might normally be done in a global CGE model. Since ‘unassisted’ water naturally flows downhill, a ‘flow routing model’ is required to understand how different users are spatially connected with supplies. However, it is common in economic models to use the ‘tank modelling’ approach in which routing is ignored (Bell et al.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
The first MSF distillation plant was introduced in Bahrain in 1976. The total installed capacity of this plant was 22,730 m3/d in 1981, which represented 15 per cent of total demand. The first RO desalination plant at Ras Abu Jarjur, located 25 km south of Manama, was commissioned in 1984 and had an installed capacity of 45,000 mVday, it stood as the world’s largest RO plant with seawater membranes during the 1980s.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
Global monitoring will, to the extent possible, be based on comparable official statistics produced by national statistical systems (NSS). Where feasible, and in line with the Agenda's pledge that 'no-one will be left behind,' data will be disaggregated according to income, gender, age, disability and other characteristics in order to improve the granularity of monitoring. It is recognized, however, that this will be difficult to achieve.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
These changes were closely linked with the restructuring of the economy towards sectors with low energy intensity and high added value. Governance for sustainable development was consolidated. Since 1999, Comhar, the Sustainable Development Council, has served as a multistakeholder forum providing independent advice to the government.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg12)
It is true that the scope of use of each of these methods is different, meaning that the data in figure IV.8 can only show frequency of use for each type of method. But recent experimental and quasi-experimental studies in the United States turned up similar findings (Abma, Martinez and Copen, 2010, Raine and others, 2011). This refers both to legislation decriminalizing abortion and to decriminalizing and guaranteeing access to emergency contraception.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
The convergence of performance accountability policies, a graying bureaucracy, and shorter executive tenures highlights the timeliness of investigating executive turnover. Prior public administration research has examined pull and push factors linked to these departures, but it has yet to fully explore the influence of governing board structures and political pressures that stem from such structures. Using data on 123 public four-year research universities in the United States from 1993 to 2012, this article finds that governing board structures play a pivotal role in predicting the departure decisions of university presidents. While the size of the board increases the risk of departure, boards overseeing multiple institutions and boards with a faculty or student representative lower the risk of departure. Additional evidence suggests that both the share of gubernatorial and legislative appointees on the board and the party division of the legislature have a direct influence on departure.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Given the extent of the change in teaching practices that the new curriculum requires, Costa Rica might find value in standards that offer more specific guidance to teachers as to what is expected in terms of knowledge and pedagogical practice in different subjects and grades, and stages of a teacher’s career. Teacher performance standards in Chile, for example are widely recognised as having made a major contribution to the professionalisation of teaching in the country. For that to happen, they need to be taken as a central reference point for all related policies (see Figure 3.5).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
Third, because the power supplied is likely to be utilized for agricultural production, access to renewable energy can, if coupled with capacity-building and training, trigger the progressive greening of agriculture and agro-processing, thereby creating new development and trade opportunities. Many such projects and programmes are being implemented in a good number of countries, generally in collaboration with international development partners. However, the number and scope of such programmes will have to increase if the number of rural poor is to be significantly reduced to levels that allow the attainment of the MDGs by 2015. In this regard, major development partners6 have recommended that energy services be explicitly addressed in planning for poverty reduction (Modi et al., Half of the people who currently rely primarily on traditional biomass for cooking should switch to alternative fuels, such as LPG or electricity.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
It concluded that female miners presented the highest body concentrations of mercury. However, female miners were not the only contaminated population, as women not engaged in mining but living in the mining area also presented high mercury concentrations. This incident has raised serious concern among the local population regarding the potential health effects that might result from this environmental contamination.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)