albertmartinez/OSDG huggingface dataset:
It is the effectiveness of brand promotion srategies that has allowed for the success of the above-mentioned examples. Colombia’s Royalties for Science, Technology and Innovation programme is a case in point. The scheme devotes 10% of the royalties obtained from the extraction of non-renewable natural resources to finance regional STI projects that generate long-term capacities in the region, conditional on being consistent with public policies at the national, territorial and sectorial levels.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
Much less is known about the costs of harm in LMICs but given the evidence on occurrence and severity of harm, one can assume that the costs on health system and on society are comparable to those in developed countries. The key challenges to improving safety in both developed and LMICs relate to the fragmented nature of primary and ambulatory care, no integration of information and measurement systems, and under-resourcing. These challenges cannot be overcome without leadership, co-ordination and culture change.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
Highlights include the 2012 Law on Forests, 2012 Law on Fauna, 1995 Law on Environmental Protection, 2012 Law' on Environmental Impact Assessment, 2012 Law on Fees for Use of Natural Resources, 1999 Law on Seed Varieties and Crop Plants, 2016 Law on Crop Production, 1995 Law' on Natural Flora, 2012 Law' on Soil Protection and Desertification Prevention (chapters 1,11 and 12). Assessments of implementation were conducted in 2002 and 2010. The first concluded that there was a lack of coordination in implementation of the Action Plan and therefore a committee was established to oversee implementation and a government fund was created to facilitate it. The second assessment showed that, by 2010, 96 per cent of the planned activities had been concluded or were near completion.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
Rainfall variability and crop production in Ethiopia Case study in the Amhara region, In: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, ed. Food Security without Food Transfers? A CGE Analysis for Ethiopia of the Different Food Security Impacts of Fertilizer Subsidies and Locally Sourced Food Transfers, Ethiopia Strategy Support Programme II (ESSPII) ESSPII Working Paper 29.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
The prey species are selected for their key positions in Antarctic ecosystems and where the potential harvest would have a major effect on the marine system (Kock 2000). A number of parameters are monitored for each species reflecting the potential to respond to changes in the availability of prey or environmental factors. The CCAMLR has produced a set of standardised monitoring procedures that are used by participating member states across a series of Integrated Study Regions (ISR) where interactions between predators, prey, fisheries and the environment are examined in detail. This concept is the focus of current and future discussion within the Working Group on Ecosystem Monitoring and Management (WG-EMM).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg14)
There are, however ISO technical specifications for LNG facilities on land18 or LNG bunkering”, and recommended practices for LNG bunkering, of which the first one was published by DNV GL20 in early 2014. These initial projects had the purpose of building sufficient competence as a basis for decision making. Examples are the COSTA (C02 & Ship transport emissions abatement by LNG) project in Portugal or Archipelago LNG in Greece, to name a few.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
The number of herders and reindeer and the organisation and value of production are shown for each country. In this section, we describe a few examples of goods and services that are important in Nordic countries across ecosystems, based on information from the TemaNord reports. Freshwater supplies people with the life essential drinking water.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
Further, agroforestry systems, including tree-based adaptation, are an important means of sustainably producing food, while conserving ecosystems (FAO, 2017b). Other examples of inclusion of some of these agricultural approaches and practices are integrated in the sections below in order to illustrate how these are related to success elements of agriculture climate change initiatives. For example, several INDCs mention national policies to promote CSA, agroforestry and similar practices, which is a key element within several of the initiatives analysed here (see Appendix B).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
The rights of access to information, public participation, and access to justice are essential to sustainable development. The 1992 Rio Declaration provided for these rights in Principle 10 and Agenda 21 moved them into reality in many countries. Now renewed commitment is needed for the full implementation of the rights in all countries.The 2012 Summit's focus on the theme of improving institutional frameworks should galvanize nations to improve their national environmental governance, develop international instruments giving legal force to Principle 10, and implement these principles into international bodies' decision-making processes.This paper reflects insights on the implementation of Principle 10 from the research, on the ground experiences, and core beliefs of over 250 non-governmental organizations (NGOs) working in 50 countries within The Access Initiative Network together with ARTICLE 19 - a human rights organization that promotes freedom of expression and freedom of information all over the world.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Indeed, improving women’s access to adequate training and information is vital to increase women's participation in the labour force, in quality jobs and in entrepreneurial activity. For women already in the labour force and for those who have a fledgling enterprise, improved access to on-going entrepreneurship and business management training services would accelerate women’s start-up and business growth potential. A number of institutions - such as women's enterprise centres and business incubators for women - have been established in MENA economies to overcome this gap, but few studies have identified their impact, key success factors and potential for replication. Overall, there is a need for more wide scale, targeted efforts to identify gaps and conduct targeted measures to improve support provision to women entrepreneurs.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
This article looks at arguably the most dominant rhetorical move in contemporary historical Jesus scholarship, namely the ‘Jewishness’ of Jesus or a ‘very Jewish’ Jesus, and how this superficially but credibly positive rhetoric subtly maintains the older myth of superiority over against Judaism. This scholarly trend is located in contemporary ideological discourses concerning Israel and Judaism and liberal multiculturalism and is shown to be deeply embedded in scholarly historical practice. Some consideration is also given to the ideological locations of the ‘Judean’ and ‘Jesus the Israelite’ debate.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
This has implications for subsequent trajectories of human development.12 Both the architecture of skills (coping abilities and cognitive and noncognitive competences) and the process of skill formation are strongly influenced by neural circuits that develop as a result of dynamic interactions between genes and early-life environments and experiences. This Report offers guidelines on how this knowledge should guide policy. Policymakers need to move beyond a one dimensional focus of measuring human development by scores on achievement tests, like the Programme for International Student Assessment, and consider a much broader array of essential life skills.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
These positive initiatives could be consolidated into a coherent strategic framework for a green economy and sustainable development. In 2013, revenue from environmentally related taxes in Brazil accounted for about 2% of total tax revenue and 0.7% of GDP, below the levels observed in most OECD countries. In addition, the rate of the federal fuel tax (CIDE) gradually declined.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
Abstract   Research on e-government is attracting more attention from scholars and growing exponentially. A wide spectrum of studies has explored a variety of topics to lay the foundations of this research area. The aim of this study was to extend our knowledge of e-government and investigate dominant and future research directions. To that end, this paper attempted to explore published research in the e-government discipline using the reported keywords for a large selection of journals. This study provided a text mining-based review of 2018 articles collected from 11 journals using 12,692 keywords. The results indicated that new topics like open government, smart cities, and analytics have recently been attracting more research. Researchers continue to pursue areas like governance, e-government adoption, e-participation, e-democracy, administration and procurement topics. Finally, researchers’ quest for a theory or framework that guides the study of e-government has faded. More details are reported in this study.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
The focus lies on diversity in the past and in the present and allows teachers to reflect and critically examine different fields of tension in the intercultural dimension of the teaching profession. There is a strong emphasis on democracy, values and norm creation, and how these topics could be taught in increasingly heterogeneous classrooms (Sodertorn University,(n.d.)[issi, 2018(186]). Research has found that multilingualism in teacher education is lacking (Carlson, 2009' (1991) despite the fact that many national reports have pointed to the importance of teachers’ language knowledge as an integral part of core content teaching (Skolinspektionen, 2010(2ooi, Skolverket, 2012[2oi])- In Swedish teacher education, student teachers study subject content and corresponding theory (Amnes- och amnesdidaktiska studier) in addition to educational core requirements.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
These coefficients indicate the percentage gaps for each subgroup with respect to similar workers from outside the care sector, as control variables have been taken into account in the calculations. In 9 of the 14 countries in the study there is a monthly wage penalty for domestic workers, except in El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Peru and the Plurinational State of Bolivia. There is an hourly penalty as well, though it is considerably smaller and, in Mexico and Paraguay, no longer statistically significant.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
Introduction: The national policy of permanent health education sets new guidelines for democratic management in the area of health education, such as: participatory management, the role of workers and users and the strengthening of social control. Objective: Analyze the implementation process of Permanent Education in Health Policy in Federal District, Brazil. Methods: A case study using the theory of public policy was held in the Federal District, involving 24 key participants responsible for the management and implementation of this policy. Results: The findings point to a centralized model of management with little involvement of other segments of the civil society, financing obstacles due to bureaucratic issues and devaluation of space policy implementation. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the policy changes and management have not been performed with the necessary breadth for the collective construction of knowledge in health services.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Settlements, commercial activities, and traffic routes are situated in the narrow valleys and small catchments within the Alps. This infrastructure has to be protected against natural hazards such as floods, torrents and avalanches, which have resulted in hydromorphological changes of the river and its banks. These pressures are of more local nature in the Swiss share of the sub-basin, and more widespread in the Austrian and German share of the Inn River subbasin as there is a chain of hydropower plants on the Lower Inn.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
These countries not only have large proportions of students performing at the highest levels of reading proficiency, but also relatively few students at the lower proficiency levels. Countries where the impact of socio-economic background on reading skills is high include New Zealand, France, Austria and Hungary (Figure 7.9).6 Like reading skills, civic competencies too are strongly influenced by socio-economic background. Equity in Learning Opportunities and Outcomes. Among OECD countries, the reading gap amounts to 39 score points, equivalent to more than half a proficiency level or one year of schooling.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
In order to make significant progress towards SCP, governments need to understand how its sector policies and fiscal system influence patterns of production and consumption, and to make revisions where there are conflicts with sustainability objectives. Clear visions need to be established and communicated, consistent and well-coordinated policies, including sector policies as well as dedicated SCP policies, should create incentives and legal obligations towards that vision. This requires leadership from the highest political level and coordinated action by the governmental departments concerned. For example, a manufacturer that is just about to renew machinery is more flexible than one where a large investment has just been made.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg12)
However, there are numerous other examples (cf. Such issues are largely a matter of degree: within the current WTO framework, there are agricultural subsidies that are described as ‘trade distorting’ and forbidden, while others are permitted. The United States claims that its subsidies are not trade-distorting, most economists say that they are.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Strictly speaking, weighting is relevant only for the definition of the basket of goods and services used to set the poverty line. The aggregation of the minimum basket of goods is done by accumulating the monetary value of each of the items within the selected basket of goods. The aggregation of a household's resources is done either by accumulating the household members' income from all (or most) sources, or by accumulating the monetary value (price) of each of the items/services bought or consumed by the household.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
In Norway, data on catches and landings are thought to be relatively reliable. As a consequence, high-grading is not allowed in Norwegian waters. The Norwegian authorities strongly believe in the usefulness of the discard ban, and the European Commission, in its review of the Common Fishing Policy, has drawn attention to it as a possible improvement in its own set of policy tools.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg14)
More specifically, deterioration in trade facilitation - which is measured by the increase in the number of documents required and days taken for exporting and importing a good - can reduce per capita GDP, albeit to a small amount. Countries requiring a larger number of documents and more time for imports and exports tend to have higher levels of poverty (measured by the headcount and poverty gap index) and inequality (measured by the Gini index) than other countries. Another limitation is the small number of observations used in this study, which does not allow for estimation of the heterogeneous effects of trade facilitation.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
The most advanced country in this area is Algeria, which does not impose any conditions in either case. It is critical to protect women’s rights in all areas of life, including economic participation.32 Access to justice mainly means: legal mechanisms and legislations that establish a right to access to court and to a fair judicial remedy, that promote legal and judicial assistance to women, that help them become aware of their rights to access justice, and that provide legal services and advice. It also means the right for women to go to court, the right to work in a legal profession, a chance for women to access the same positions as men in the judiciary, according to principles of equality and fairness.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
These could include tax incentives and other relevant measures. In-work benefits can translate into potentially significant increases in employment rates, provided they have a sufficiently large impact on financial incentives. When in-work benefits are very low, they are unlikely to have much of an impact on employment. On the other hand, generosity has to be accompanied by narrow' targeting in order to channel help to the neediest families and keep programme costs within reasonable limits. Well-designed targeting, conditions on the number of hours worked to become eligible and phasing-out rates (i.e. the speed at which benefits are w ithdrawn as incomes rise), can help them to be effective. In terms of the impact on competitiveness, some research points to the role of social enterprises, and a vibrant social economy as a whole, in encouraging innovation.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg8)
These factors prevent many women from achieving economic autonomy and contributing income to the household. Employment remains highly segmented, with low social security coverage and deep gender- and ethnicity-based inequities (see chapter 111). Men and women still have very different total workloads, with women working a double shift: in addition to their growing responsibilities in paid employment, they perform the bulk of caregiving and household work.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Given its existing production infrastructure, the Columbus basin off Trinidad and Tobago is considered the least risky frontier in the Caribbean. In 2011, the country produced 135,000 barrels per day of oil, and in 2010 the country produced 42 billion cubic metres of natural gas, more than three times the level seen in 2000. Currently, Jamaica has no history of production of its own, despite trying hard to encourage interest in its offshore acreage over the years. In 2014, the government secured a production-sharing agreement with Tullow Oil to explore the Walton Basin and Morant Basin areas, covering 32,065km2. The Bahamas could hold up to 4.3 million barrels of oil.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
It has a diverse economy, which includes a financial capital of Europe, Milan, and one of the continent’s most productive agricultural sectors. The region’s strength in the arts, design and craft provides the basis for constant creativity. It is also the leading region in the Italian economy as measured by total production and exports. A strong economy has contributed to foreign immigration flows, making Lombardy the most diverse region in Italy.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
Freedom of conscience and religion, also called conscience clause legislation is part of the inherent and inalienable rights of every human being and freedoms protected by the constitution as a fundamental principle of democratic countries working in the law. At international level, the most common piece of legislation on this issue is the European Convention on Human Rights of 4 November 1950, which Poland is a party. Pursuant to Art. 9 of the European Convention Poland is committed to the protection of freedom of thought, conscience and religion to every person under its jurisdiction, including the medical professions. In a special way to be protected by the freedom of conscience of physicians, dentists, nurses and midwives, as the conscience clause is written in the law governing the exercise of such professions in Poland.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
For smaller primary healthcare facilities, incremental budgeting based on historical amounts is a more common approach. Reforms on facility budget setting is therefore an important policy area - ongoing provider payment reform initiatives such as the potential use of diagnosis-related groups can help make budgets be more needs-based. Service providers do not always receive clear guidelines on general budget envelopes to work with when submitting draft budgets. This is understood to be an important reason why requests from health service providers are often seen by provincial health departments as being too high to be realistic.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
Earlier speakers offered insights about investment law and its implications for the future of domestic administrative law and international law. To bring us full circle, I will discuss where we are today so that we can consider where we want development law to be tomorrow. In pursuit of that goal, I offer empirical data related to investment treaty arbitration.1 My goal today is to focus on three claims about investment treaty arbitration and consider the data's potential implications.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Then we propose “ hashed scheduling method in Section 4.2, which can reduce the unused regions in the scheduling table for the asynchronous time-slot phase network shown in Fig. In this situation, the efficiency of the time-slot-based optical burst allocation is inefficient since many unused time regions remain in the time-slot scheduling table, as shown in Fig. This method is called local time-based scheduling (Fig. In the global time-based scheduling, we shift the time-slot-search start point by the value determined by the propagation delay along the optical burst route from a certain reference node, which is preselected in the netw ork.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Fruits and vegetables in particular, have clear advantages for Chihuahua. They are crops where labour can be effectively substituted for capital, and they are crops where high efficiency drip irrigation systems can be applied successfully. Thus employment is expanded and a major environmental problem is reduced.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
In October 2015 Uruguay was elected as a Non-Permanent Member of the United Nations Security Council. This article analyses the messages of the Uruguayan government during the process of its investiture. The objective is to offer an analytical description of the discourses made by Uruguayan government officials before the designation. For this purpose, a new analytical tool is applied, which consists of the operationalization of the General Principles of International Law. It is found that the Uruguayan discourse privileges the international cooperation that focuses on human rights, multilateralism, and the involvement in Peacekeeping Operation. Additionally, it is found that the membership is a tool used by the government to seek agreements with the political opposition.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
In terms of planned objectives involving cognitive processing categories, remembering and understanding were most common. The results indicated that the potential of ICT to facilitate higher order thinking skills was not being fully utilised by these teachers. Those tasks are presented in an interactive computer package that incorporates probes to monitor interest and emotions as they progress through the task and relate those to measures of learning at the conclusion of the task.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
In Canada, transfers appear to have offset the loss of market income induced by the deterioration in the employment situation of sole parents. Therefore, an important challenge for redistribution policies is to ensure that the entire population of poor children is covered by benefits and for this that eligibility criteria are adapted to the changing composition of poor families. To assess the scope of policies that would successfully promote the employment of poor parents, the next section presents some simulations of the expected effects on the child poverty rate under different employment growth scenarios.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)