albertmartinez/OSDG huggingface dataset:
Employment legislation in universities falls within the remit of the federal government even for state universities which are still funded at the federal level. The consequence is that often academics are only offered an acknowledgement as co-workers for a project. An alternative model considered in the incubator in the state university of Morelos is for a university to pay the teachers to incubate innovation-based projects to provide incentives for academics to get involved in translate ideas from the universities into profitable businesses as part of developing an entrepreneurial culture.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg8)
They can help raise public awareness of energy consumption and the benefits of energy efficiency (both environmental and financial) and how to implement these measures. These campaigns could help citizens by informing them of the possible energy-saving actions and their benefits. In urban areas with a higher level of awareness of such issues, citizens may need more assistance to help choose technical solutions, find companies to do the work, and determine what financial options they have.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
In any circumstances this book would be one of the best works on European Union health policy and law, and a notable contribution to research on law and society or the European Union in general  In the circumstances of COVID-19 it is also one of the most important  Anniek de Ruijter's book is almost the only work of law or social science scholarship to explain European Union communicable disease control policy and politics  That makes the book necessary reading for those interested in learning what the European Union did and might do in public health during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, or why it was so seemingly invisible early in the pandemic
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Given the requests from emergency responders, the humanitarian community and the clients of telecommunications firms to play an increasing role in disaster response, it has never been more pressing for the mobile operators to help change the face of disaster response. Following tsunamis in 2004 and 2011, scientists have increased global cooperation by refining ways to measure waves and to convert these measurements into meaningful forecasts for shore. This model is used in the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, and Indian Ocean, but is also being considered for use in the Mediterranean Sea.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
In the case of adaptation, the Plan calls for achievement of nine specific goals, ranging from management of heat and improvement of cooling capacities to monitoring of air quality with the engagement of multiple stakeholders. In this regard, the Plan also calls for the introduction of new ideas and anticipates that new knowledge derived from research on how to eliminate urban heat islands will lead to new initiatives. The city uses satellite imagery to identify hotspots and targets for policy interventions and has also identified the link connecting heat, respiratory illnesses and smog. With regard to smog, the Climate Action Plan calls for lower emissions from power plants and the modes of transportation that cause it. Progress is continuously monitored against goals and the results of such monitoring will inform the possible changes to be made to goals, targets and indicators.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
Not surprisingly, most of the research has been carried out in those countries with high numbers of women in parliament. There is also some support for the idea that women can impact on the nature of the institution itself once they have a critical mass. Karam and Lovenduski (1998) note that women in Scandinavian legislatures at the national and local levels have influenced the nature of politics in a number of ways, including a greater prioritisation of family obligations and more accessible laws and debates'.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
The project, launched in November 2006, brings together Moldsilva and 265 communities with a total investment of $21.7 million over the period 2006-2035. ( The plan is to halt land degradation by creating permanent forest cover, whilst providing local communities with sustainable and long-term income opportunities. Land abandonment and degradation followed, aggravated over the last twenty years by slash and burn clearing for grazing and small-scale crop cultivation, deforestation of wind-breaks and illegal waste dumping leading to pollution.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
Permanent advisory councils are established both at national and regional levels. The Inspection for Environmental Protection monitors and provides information on the state of the water resources. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development is responsible for surface waters regarded as especially important for agriculture, the Ministry of Infrastructure for navigation, the Ministry of the Interior and Administration for natural disaster response, and the Ministry of Health for drinking and bathing waters. Permits for water use are issued at the voivodship and local levels.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
In 2003, temporary disability benefits and family and maternity payments made up more than 80% of all spending on non-pension related social cash transfers. In 2007, this was about one/third. By then, other non-pension related cash transfers (including the cashed out service payments) accounted for over 60% of spending (Figure 3.A 1.1). The RLMS is a panel data set for the 1994-2009 period and can be used for this purpose provided estimation techniques address the high attrition rates (Box 3.1).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
Data refer to 2009 for Switzerland. Over the past ten years, female smoking has declined in most OECD countries, often at a faster pace than rates for men. However, female smoking rates have shown little or no decline since 2000 in the Czech Republic, France and Italy (OECD, 2013d). However, this is not the case in all countries. Male obesity rates have also been growing faster than female rates in most OECD countries, with the exception of Denmark, Canada and Italy (OECD, 2010b). The overall prevalence of mental disorders is about the same among men and women, although depression is more common among women, and substance abuse disorders among men (OECD, 2008).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
The city should also implement measures for decreasing motor traffic and controlling tourism pressures. A set of indicators for urban and architectural heritage components needs to be established. In order to maintain the World Heritage status, George Town needs to protect its “outstanding universal values” (OUV) including the trading settlements at the crossroads of civilisations, historic towns paces with a range of shop houses and townhouses and the hubs of living multicultural heritage.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
Access to water is thus an initial condition for economic and social development for individuals and households, as well as the places where these groups live and develop. This progress is due to the implementation of policy frameworks, guidelines and programmes to promote provision of water and sanitation services. The region is doing well on this front compared to other regions, and if the prevailing trends continue, the continent will reach its target on sanitation by 2015.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
Nevertheless, one can draw from 2003 and 2006 samples to find good matches and construct reference groups for students tested in 2000. We match using propensity' score P2000 = P(T=200Q\X), reflecting the propensity to be in the PISA 2000 sample. Two propensity scores must be estimated: one measuring a propensity of being in a vocational school in 2000 for students tested in 2003 or 2006, and a second for being in a general (or mixed vocational-general) school in 2000 for students tested in 2003 or 2006.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
Some 25 proposals were received, many of which related to software applications for microenterprises and for the management of personal finances. The four most promising ones in terms of marketing were given financial, technical and project management support over a period of six months to help in the implementation of software prototypes. The winners were presented at the AFRICOMM conference in South Africa. Some students were also offered company internships. However, in line with the market-oriented, applied research approach promoted by Fraunhofer Portugal AICOS, several industrial partners were engaged.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
Since April 2013, NHS England has commissioned health services for all prisoners in England. Following two challenges under the Human Rights Act in 2006 and 2010, prisoners are entitled to receive the same NHS healthcare treatments as non-prisoners - known as “equivalence of care”. The Health and Social Care Act 2012 abolished PCTs and transferred offender health budgets to NHS England from the beginning of April 2013.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
The effect is assumed to be negative and diminishes as older children do not require so much attention and enrol into education system, eventually freeing women’s disposable time. Moreover, older children in developing countries can sometimes take care of their younger siblings and can therefore have positive impact on labour force participation of women in the household. Education of the household head is included to capture the welfare status of the household, i.e. wealth or income additional to total wage earnings.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
It can be defined as “the implementation of a new' or significantly improved product (good or service), or process, a new' marketing method, or a new' organisational method” (OECD, 2007, p. 46). Innovation can be new1 to the world, a market, a sector - or to an organisation such as an enterprise or a school. In addition to radical, new'-to-the-vvorld inventions such as the Internet, the concept of innovation includes also incremental adaptation and gradual adoption in different contexts.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
In about a four-day time span, a record high rainfall occurred. More than 200 mm of rain was recorded in a week, equivalent to the average rainfall over a period of three months in the region. The increased flow of groundwater resulted in widespread landslides, leading as well to the destruction of houses, roads and agricultural land.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
This could be achieved through natural resource sustainability, updating the regulatory framework to protect the sector's interests abroad, the integration of productive chains, the continued support for innovative projects throughout the country, and encouraging regional development by promoting small-scale projects within the rural sector. National production in recent years has remained constant with a slight upward trend mainly because of growth in aquaculture production. Major species include shrimp, clams, crab and tuna. ( The main destinations of Mexican fish products exports included the United States, Hong Kong and Spain. Exports included species such as shrimp, tuna, lobster, octopus and sardine. (
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg14)
Critics worry that projects that make significant improvements to non-motorised trips compare poorly with those that cut travel time on motorised transport. This is due to the conventional approach to CBA that relies on travel time savings as a proxy for most of the benefits associated with transport investment. This traditional focus on travel time savings often leads to prioritisation of schemes that are misaligned with increased sustainable mobility goals.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
Please do your best to tell the world what is happening to us, the children so that other children don’t have to pass through this violence.’ Amnesty International Report, September 1997. It has been stated that the girl was taken to the man’s house by her mother and grandmother to become Otenya’s wife.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
The ongoing erosion of human capital in Israel and the Galilee poses a challenge for sustainable development. If significant changes are not made in the human capital development system, by 2020 a significant number of new workers will enter the labour force without relevant skills which limits their contribution to economic development. Israel will need to raise the level of educational attainment across different population groups in the Galilee. In order to help adjustments to changes in the labour market it will need to enhance the flexibility of the population through skills diversification, vocational training and enhanced access to Life Long Learning opportunities.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
The rise of digital information communication technology has major implications for how states wield coercive power beyond their territorial borders through the extraterritorial geographies of data flows. In examining the geopolitics of data, transnational surveillance, and jurisdiction, this collection makes a significant contribution to the field of global internet governance. It shows how the internet is a forum for geopolitical struggle with states weaponising jurisdiction and exerting power beyond their own borders directly, and via infrastructures owned and operated by transnational technology companies. These dynamics challenge existing conceptual and theoretical categories of contemporary law across the fields of international relations, criminology, and digital media, and raise urgent questions about if and how individual rights can be protected in an era of ubiquitous transnational surveillance conducted by private companies and governments alike.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Given Viet Nam's Green Growth Strategy it is very likely that further steps will follow when perceived adequate. Announcing policies in advance of their implementation, or introducing a tax at a low rate and increasing it year-on-year can give business and individual consumers time to adjust to a new measure. Indeed, the "announcement effect" may generate environmental improvement even before such policies are implemented (OECD, 2006).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
These indicate that commodity sectors feature prominently in these countries’ climate change mitigation and adaption commitments. Although CDDCs as a group have contributed only modestly to climate change, and notwithstanding their heterogeneity, they have pledged to contribute to global efforts to mitigate climate change.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
Israel’s primary school system consists of 800 000 students in 2 200 schools. At the end of their primary education, students move on to the secondary education system, which is divided into junior and senior high schools. In 2007, enrolment in the secondary education comprised 610 000 students in 1 588 schools, from grade 7-12. Those on a track to academically-oriented studies were placed in “grammar schools.”
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
Broadly, innovative activity needs to become a pervasive part of production enterprises of all kinds in all parts of the economy. For this to happen, far-reaching changes will have be made in the range of stakeholders addressed by STI policy, especially in the business sector, and in the modalities of support offered to them. While many of these issues persist, some are being overcome. This has underpinned good macroeconomic performance driven by a boost in mineral exports and associated investment.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
Strong growth in ICT infrastructure, connectivity, access and use promise great development opportunities but the full potential of the Internet remains untapped, as over half the world's population remains offline. Unless policy-makers address infrastructure, affordability but also broader socio-economic challenges outside the ICT ecosystem, the Internet is liable to reinforce existing inequalities, instead of addressing them. This chapter analyses progress but also the gaps that exist in developing countries—and in particular the least developed countries—in terms of infrastructure, connectivity and quality of service, particularly for mobile and fixed-broadband Internet. It addresses some key connectivity bottlenecks and points to recommendations to overcome these.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
Farmers who do not pick up the phone are automatically called again three times. Radio is much more accessible to women, and they can listen to it in their own language, often while doing chores. Even if radio is a more traditional media, it still needs to be used with caution if it is to contribute to gender equality.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
The modern definitions of the inchoate offences are well known in the criminal law since the Middle Ages both in European-Continent legal systems and in the English Common Law. They were mostly developed by the case-laws of the Star Chamber Court, which was abolished in 1640. The inchoate offences include three basic offences: Attempt, Conspiracy and Solicitation, but different legal systems defined some other offences as inchoate, such as the Aider and Abettor in Britain after the full validation of the Serious Crimes Act, 2007, c.27, s.44. In this paper it is argued, that there is a very intensive interaction between the fight against terrorism and inchoate offences. The fight against terrorism effects the definition of inchoate offences, and inchoate offences are used as a major instrument of criminal law in the legal fight against terrorism.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
This type of institution can promote co-ordination and coherence in policy development and facilitate implementation, particularly within portfolio areas. In the MENA region, these institutions most often are located outside of the executive branch of government, but have an opportunity to submit proposals for consideration by the head of government or the state. In some cases, these institutions include non-govemmental members to represent the broader society. For example, in Egypt, the National Council for Women is mandated to propose policies to government institutions aimed at enhancing the status of women and their participation in the sustainable development of the society.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
A new managerial language of modernization has accompanied political restructuring of the National Health Service. Corporate goals of efficiency and audit have been integrated with the ideological manifesto of New Labour in stressing citizenship, inclusion and empowerment. Drawing on the theoretical insights of anthropology and sociology, this article critically reviews the relationship between health policy, organizational culture and nursing practise through an exploration of language in terms of "rhetoric", "jargon" and "metaphor". It is suggested that beyond the bewildering vocabulary of "buzz words" is a fundamental contradiction between the ethic of caring and the expectations of Government. Finally thought is given to the role of professional education and training where intellectual engagement with the ritual categories of "newspeak" is a subversive act.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
This support should target the major barriers companies face in pursuing green growth in developing countries. There is also clear recognition across the development co-operation community of the central position private sector actors can play in supporting the implementation of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) - as drivers of green growth in developing countries, promoters of green supply chains, as a source of investment in low-carbon, climate-resilient infrastructure, and as leaders in innovation in clean technologies and resource efficiency. In recognition of this, the OECD Development Assistance Committee is looking at the lessons learned and best practice experiences from efforts to engage the private sector for development outcomes, more broadly, and in relation to green growth and climate change, in particular (OECD, 2016a).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
It enhances girls’ social status, increases their bargaining power within marriage, increases their use of health services and enhances the health and survival of their children. Evidence also suggests that rights-based and gender-sensitive comprehensive sexuality education programmes can lead to greater gender equality. The Commission on Population and Development, in its resolutions 2009/1 and 2012/1, called on Governments to provide young people with comprehensive education on human sexuality, sexual and reproductive health, and gender equality to enable them to deal positively and responsibly with their sexuality.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
The article shows how the 2006 discovery of significant deposits of diamonds in eastern Zimbabwe transformed the minerals sector and its nascent regional business networks, with significant political implications. It argues that diamond revenues have been used to prop up the ruling Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) party and maintain its hold on the state and dominance in the Government of National Unity. Internal battles over control of and access to diamonds posed a direct challenge to the viability of the new, ‘power-sharing’ unity government and prospects for a democratic transition in Zimbabwe. Because profits from mining are benefiting security forces and factions of the ZANU-PF elite, Zimbabwe's diamonds have cemented political corruption, further marginalised the two opposition parties, and may have guaranteed election victory for ZANU-PF in the country's next election.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
The second question poses a tougher test: has the emergence of Aid for Trade increased the overall effectiveness of global aid programmes? This question incorporates issues of additionality and opportunity costs in overall development assistance. That kind of systematic analysis has not, for the most part, occurred.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Moreover, a lack of income to satisfy basic needs is largely correlated with educational achievement. The incidence of poverty is greater among individuals whose head of household and partner have not completed primary school education than among individuals living in families with a higher education level. There are also life-cycle differences in poverty rates, with the highest levels being reported among children, and also differences according to activity status (employed, unemployed, or not economically active) (see figure 1.5).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
This could be because an increasing share of value added is being generated by economic activities that are not material intensive, such as the services sector, while materialintensive manufacturing is being outsourced to non-OECD countries. The share of value added from the services sector in OECD countries increased from around 50% in 1970 to 66% in the eraly 1990s and to over 70% today (OECD, 2014). The decoupling is absolute when population is decreasing faster than material extraction per capita.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg12)
The first section presents a brief overview of current trends in the work-family life related areas. Then the main key drivers of change over the last decade are identified and described. Emphasis is placed on the dramatic organisational changes that have been taking place in the workplace and on their impact on the strategies elaborated by parents to combine their job with family obligations. In the last section, drawing lessons from evidence-based research and the latest data presented in the previous sections, we flesh out the two scenarios to 2030 developed for this purpose in the project.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)