albertmartinez/OSDG huggingface dataset:
The HSCB works to ensure the learnings from trends in incidence data and investigations with a regional application are effectively disseminated and there are Mortality and Morbidity Meetings in each Trusts to consider incidents and complaints. Changing the Culture 2010 is Northern Ireland's strategy and action plan for the prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections. The Leadership Attributes Framework was announced in November 2014 aims to assist knowledge building and leadership around quality improvement and safety.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
As a consequence of this strong migration tendency, the city is faced with an employment challenge for these populations and encounters strong spatial segregation concerning migrant populations. A potential solution to the mismatch between demand and supply in the Hamburg employment market is to encourage self-employment for migrants, promoting business making. Such a solution has the strong advantage of encouraging integration in the formal economic sector, and the potential to develop the local economy.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
Common shrimp landed in 2016 totalled 7 691 tonnes, a 33% reduction when compared w'ith the previous year. Despite the reduced quantity of common shrimp landings, revenue was EUR 49.4 million (USD 54.6 million), 24.3% higher than the year before. In 2015 production w as 24 226 tonnes, a 4.6% increase in volume w'hen compared to 2014.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg14)
In contrast, decisions taken today on infrastructure such as transport, power generation and buildings could lock economies deeper into greenhouse gas-intensive systems, technologies and innovation and make them vulnerable to a changing climate. Scaling-up finance for long-term investment in infrastructure. Shifting investments towards low-caibon alternatives.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
The PPRn can cover a single natural hazard or multiple hazards, and can cover one or more municipalities. Its prohibitions and restrictions on construction in natural-hazard areas apply to all construction, both public and private-sector. While the PPRn are created by the national government, they are developed in close consultation with regional and municipal officials, and the public. Beyond specifying construction conditions, the PPRn are intended to inform land-use planning decisions in areas vulnerable to natural hazards.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
There is also a strong link between economic crisis and hospital visits in the United States, including increases in visits for preventable conditions and paediatric admissions for physical abuse (Curry and Tekin, 2011, Brooks-Gunn et al., Importantly, the rise in hospitalisation was strongly associated with rises in foreclosures and mortgage stress but not with other economic crisis events such as unemployment. Among elderly Medicare beneficiaries in the United States, higher unemployment rates are associated with increased inpatient use (Mclnerey and Mellor, 2012).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
In 2015, the geographic scope was expanded to include small island developing States in the Pacific. It contributes to the narrowing of capacity gaps through regional and South-South cooperation, sharing of resources and the development of an integrated regional warning system comprising a network of collaborative centres. Civil society innovations and business sector initiatives.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
Les analyses suggerent qu’il est difficile d’obtenir un alignement, au sens de correspondance explicite, directe et coherente, notamment en raison de conceptualisations differentes du savoir professionnel. Neanmoins, ce papier soutient que le potentiel des normes en tant qu'outils politiques reside dans leur capacite a creer un dialogue entre differents artefacts (les exigences formulees pm- les normes, le curriculum, les descriptions des cours de formation, les normes d'accreditation, etc.), La renegociation reguliere des normes a la suite de ce dialogue et de ces reflexions devrait etre un element crucial du processus politique.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
This has the positive effect of limiting the nitrate content of the mineral water. V. (Drinking Water Forest) brought together forest owners and privately owned companies to create range of environmental education initiatives. The main goal was the creation of "Drinking water forests" under the Trinkwasserwald®e.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
On the other hand, inequality-poverty elasticity may be higher or lower than zero.' This means that poverty changes may result both from economic growth (typified by the increase of average income) and from a decline in income inequality. However, the poverty reduction effect is much stronger when both factors combine. The arithmetic average of this variable is then established and average income values thus obtained for the states in the sample.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
This article considers the social organization of responses among human service staff to changes in public policy, using a study of a Swedish treatment center for juveniles as an illustration. The stance toward a new treatment ideology, "family-work," was not one of either accepting or rejecting the new policy, the staff conveyed both embracing and distancing. Policy innovations, it is argued, create conditions that work as a catalyst for "doing ambivalence, " an accommodative rhetoric that integrates the new and subtly expresses reservations.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Accordingly, the actual share accrued to LDCs was perhaps higher. The UNCTAD secretariat has updated the Ratha and Shaw (2007) data for emigrants to provide an estimate of LDC migrants. These data were used for ‘The LDC Report 2012’. The number of emigrants from LDCs was reported to be 27.5 million in 2010.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Indeed, by allowing trades between urban and rural areas, water markets give access to water resources to users who might have been excluded from them in the event of a drought. In other words, the allocation flexibility embedded in water markets allows them to respond effectively and rapidly to severe supply shocks, such as those caused by droughts (Chong and Sunding, 2006). This welfare-enhancing reallocation is not always possible under a prior tradeless appropriation regime or traditional queuing-allocation system. These adaptive management arrangements allow temporary water transfers that are contingent on water availability and may help mitigate risks related to water scarcity or competition to access the water needed by cities.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
The promotion of proper handling practices of fishery farming products should be accompanied by increased control of the middlemen in the near future. Other programmes complement capacity building on GAP to farmers with fruit juice processing equipment and capacity building to processing companies, such as in context of a pilot project in Kuningan, West Java, led by the Ministry of Industry in cooperation with external consultants. For instance, in addition to actions in the fisheries sector aimed at improving awareness of appropriate hygiene conditions during the collection, handling and transport of fishery products, the government of Indonesia has provided assistance to selected fishermen and farmers in specific regions to obtain access to refrigeration equipment, such as ice box or cold storage equipments (Alimi, 2007, interview with Dr. T. Sudaryanto, 2011).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
Policies should also address lower reading performance by underachieving boys. Furthermore, the government should adopt system-level gender equality' frameworks. Potential sources of gender inequality should be considered when drafting curriculum frameworks and choosing learning materials made available to schools.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
The removal of barriers to their participation in innovation activities can further contribute. Some studies point out that credit market failures might partly explain cross-country differences in productivity and adoption of new technologies (Baneijee and Duflo, 2005). This is crucial, as barriers to technology adoption facing firms might at least partly explain differences in economic development between countries (Parente and Prescott, 1994, OECD, 2015h). They do so by helping demonstrate the potential of certain social groups and changing the attitudes of employers or investors towards them.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
A second tier includes market-related indirect impacts, affecting market actors, possibly trade partners, and competitors1 The third tier comprises food security' and broader consequences, which may concern a larger range of countries. Any country may be affected by one or more of the three types of impacts, or not be affected at all by specific agriculture water risk hotspots. For each of the three levels of impact, some of the key expected effects of agriculture water risks hotspots will be reviewed, drawing in particular from analyses touching on the three case studies.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
In cases where some studies find a significant effect while other don't, this is indicated by combining the symbols, e.g. 0/+ means that some studies cannot find a significant effect while others find a positive effect or that studies find a significantly positive effect only on some groups of workers but not on all of them, A tilde means that the sign of the effect is unknown because the empirical literature is inconclusive or because studies on the link are not available. When the sign of the total labour income inequality effect is unknown but can be deducted from the signs of the employment and earnings equality effects, the results are reported in brackets. The GDP per capita effects are based on the findings of previous OECD and other studies (reported e.g. in Barnes et al., First, the results may not reflect the overall (general equilibrium) effects of policy changes.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
This could suggest that the high level of points attributed to GPs for mental health services successfully rendered encourages patient selection and the deliberate exclusion of more difficult cases from the data. Concerns have also been expressed that GPs are directing attention away from activity not rewarded by the QOF, and as such care delivery quality is declining in some areas (Cashin, 2014). In June 2011, there were concerns raised about the depression indicators and their incentive to improve diagnoses of depression: the QOF indicators included incentives to follow up assessments and depression checks following diagnoses, and to perform depression screening for patients on the diabetes register, but they offer no incentives for increasing or improving depression screening across patients.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
The landscape of these high applied tariffs levels has changed since 2000. Trends in high applied tariff levels, defined as those either 10 or 25 times or higher above the world agro-food average (simple average) in any given year, indicate that there has been an increase in the number of bilateral flows that are attracting high tariffs (Figure 2.11).6 For example, in 2000 around 1 300 bilateral trade flows at the HS 6-digit level attracted applied duties that were at least ten times higher than the world average tariff applied to agro-food trade. By 2013, this had doubled to around 2 600 bilateral trade flows (a similar pattern exists for tariffs 25 times the agro-food average in any given year).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
Steve Jobs' original idea of doing away with a QWERTY keyboard to give us the touchscreen tablet helped create the biggest company on the New York Stock Exchange with a huge market capitalization, while advances in IT, intelligent automation and Al are now even doing away with car drivers and helping create self-driving cars. The roll-out of national broadband infrastructure has become a priority policy goal for many nations. According to ITU's most recent data, 151 countries had introduced a National Broadband Plan (NBP), with a further seven countries planning to develop one.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)
Crimes and conflicts are seriously undermining African development. This article assesses the best governance tools in the fight against the scourges. The following findings are established. (1) Democracy, autocracy and voice & accountability have no significant negative correlations with crime. (2) The increasing relevance of government quality in the fight is as follows: regulation quality, government effectiveness, political stability, rule of law and corruption-control. (3) Corruption-control is the most effective mechanism in fighting crime (conflicts). The findings are significantly strong when controlling for age dependency, number of police (and security) officers, per capita economic prosperity, educational level and population density. Justifications for the edge of corruption-control (as the most effective governance tool) and policy implications are discussed.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
One is to increase spending on plants and equipment with a view to upgrading the output mix and production technology. The other is to try to reduce labour costs. Whereas the first mechanism relies on investment in innovation to increase productivity, the second builds on asymmetric negotiating power to impose wage restraint, applying pay reductions or holding pay increases at levels lower than productivity growth, in addition to outsourcing.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Given these figures, it could be argued that Latvia has had more fiscal space to devote to health system investment than other OECD economies. The proportion of GDP to the public sector in Latvia is 36.5%, much lower than the average of all European OECD countries (excluding Turkey) at 45.6% in 2012 (OECD, 2015d) and Latvia spends 9% of public expenditure in health, a smaller share than any OECD countries (Figure 1.13). At the other end of the spectrum, the share is over 20% in New Zealand, Switzerland, the Netherlands and the United States.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
By their nature, system effects cannot be defined nor observed by looking at a single system, but can be understood and quantified only by comparing two or more systems, and their quantitative estimation depends on the choice of the reference system (“benchmark”). As an example, the introduction of a given amount of VRE capacity in a given system, let us say 10 GW of onshore wind, would cause in the long term a change in the electricity system: more transmission would be needed (or a different structure of the transmission grid) as well as a different generation mix, more adapted to accommodate the characteristics of wind production. The quantification of system effects due to the introduction of these 10 GW is possible only by comparing the new generation system with the reference system, in which the 10 GW of wind energy has not been exogenously imposed. How the reference system is defined and how the system with wind energy is constructed and optimised are key aspects in any quantitative evaluation of system effects.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
The majority (83%) were women. Evaluation showed that people felt that they had improved their skills in getting on and off the vehicles (which is considered as one most critical issue) and were more confident in using public transport. A good practice example for dealing with information in a sound way is a traveller information system on barrier-free travelling in Frankfurt and Berlin (Germany), the BAIM system: "Barrierefreie OV-Information fur mobilitatseingeschrankte Menschen“ (barrier-free information for persons with mobility impairments).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
Data reflect children in pre-primary education (both public and private), but also in some countries children enrolled in compulsory primary education. Data for Australia refer to 2005 and for Bulgaria and Romania to 2007. Data for Japan refer to 2010 and for Australia, Chile, Mexico and the United States to 2011. In Chile, Colombia and Mexico, a mother is more likely to work the more education she has, perhaps because she earns higher wages and can afford formal ECEC (OECD estimates based on CASEN (2013), ENCV (2015) and ENIGH (2015)). The exclusion of low-income families and children in ECEC can have harmful effects and not only in the fonn of a mother’s lost wages: the pay-offs to investing early in children are large, especially for children from disadvantaged backgrounds (Heckman, 2006, Heckman et al., On average in the OECD, just over 10% of women are entrepreneurs (OECD Gender Portal 2016).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg8)
Service sector firms more than manufacturing firms appear to benefit from urbanization economies. Clustering makes intra-industry cooperation between firms possible, enabling them to overcome difficulties such as failures of information and of contract enforcement. In Ethiopia the effect on productivity appears high when clustering firms are producing similar products. The effect of clustering in Cambodia is stronger for informal enterprises and manufacturing firms than for service firms.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
At times, however, we hove been forced to rely on scant and scattered evidence 0/ this complex relationship. The contribution set out in this report brings together the existing evidence on migration and education to point a picture of incredible opportunity os well as point to where and why educational disodvontoge con occur. It provides the onolyticol cornerstone to help guide our decisions on educotion in o range 0/migration contexts - and this ot a time in which the international community is striving to meet the SDGs and maximize the significant benefits 0/migration globally.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
The Convention commits them to respecting and ensuring rights "to each child within their jurisdiction without discrimination of any kind, irrespective of the child's or his or her parent's or legal guardian's race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status" (Article 2). Children belonging to ethnic, religious or linguistic minorities and those of indigenous origin have the right to practise their own culture, religion and language in the community (Article 30). This extends to the right to special care, provided free of charge whenever possible, and effective access to education, training, health care, rehabilitation services, recreation opportunities and preparation for employment.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
How do we reach a wide variety of possible readers? This commentary notes various ways in which academic information has been organized on the Web, stressing the usefulness of different formats and approaches. The Social Science Research Network provides a way for publications to become widely known at an early stage. Such Web-based facilities for one-stop searching are needed for academics and policy makers interested in health services, health policy, public health and population health.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Flexibility is enhanced by incentive-based access instruments that enhance the capacity of fishing interests to move within and across jurisdictional boundaries to respond to changes in resource distribution. Incentives to adopt green technologies will also strengthen the position of the fishing industry in anticipation of carbon fees (FAO, 2006). Overall actions taken to improve the economic status of the fishery and adopt best practices for fishery management will best equip the fishery to respond flexibly to change. Policy makers can encourage approaches to information development that take into account the uncertainty of unforeseen events, such as the increasing frequency of extreme weather events and other “surprises”.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg14)
Measures to address and eliminate VAW are discussed in the context of national legislation, national policy instruments and country reports submitted by states to the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) Committee, among other measures taken by individual states. Rape/defilement: any form of non-consensual sexual intercourse. This can include the invasion of any part of the body with a sexual organ and/or the invasion of the genital or anal opening with any object or body part.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
The other is for “outcome testing” through bilateral or plurilateral discussions as Members seek to clarify the deal, its value and the scope for flexibilities.30 On a technical level, there are open questions relating to product coverage and negotiating modalities. Is there a scope for a sectoral agreement on tariff reduction or elimination? Are there alternatives, considering climate friendly goods are, by definition, environmentally preferable products (EPPs)? Can they be redefined as a class of their own based on the source of energy, i.e. the resource rather than their use? And would it not make more sense to refocus the negotiations on non-tariff barriers to trade? Does a straightforward approach to the liberalization of trade in climate-friendly goods and services square with the real life economics?
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Young children are most likely to be at risk because their parents are also likely to be young with relatively low earnings, or because their mothers are not in employment (Bradbury and Jantii, 2001). Strategies to alleviate child poverty vary across countries with policies either tending to promote employment (in particular through welfare reform in recent years) or providing generous levels of benefits to redistribute income to the poor. Getting lone parents into work has been a central aim of policy in a number of countries in recent years with “welfare reform” policies in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States all targeting employment among lone parents.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
With unprecedented CPO prices in 2008, and export tax rates of up 20%, this revenue source accounted for 2.1% of government revenue in 2008 (Barichello, 2010). The export tax on derivatives of CPO was on a similar, but slightly lower, sliding scale. Further changes to the regime in 2010 and 2011 have increased the export tax on CPO relative to derived products in order to give greater incentive to further process CPO in Indonesia. The current variable export tax regime for CPO and derived products is set out in Table 2.A1.8.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
In China, for example, fees represent the main funding source of public hospitals. Some have taken initiatives to encourage workers not covered by the mandatory contributory programmes to join voluntarily the social security programmes, as in Indonesia and Mexico. However, the lack of significant subsidisation of contributions has resulted in very low levels of voluntary affiliation.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
This shows the scale of the potential impact of the ICT sector on economic and societal development over the coming years, if policy-makers foster market and investment sustainability. This transformation is fuelled by emerging solutions — enabling the Internet of Things -such as AI, big data analytics and Blockchain, which all present important policy questions and challenges, including policy and ethical questions linked to safety and security, data privacy, legal accountability and liability, as well as their potential impact on employment and skills. Data on revenue is expected to change as technologies converge towards the delivery of multi-play services, blurring the line between revenue streams generated by fixed and mobile business segments.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg9)