albertmartinez/OSDG huggingface dataset:
In Kenya, elephants are fitted with satellite tracking collars enabling researchers and conservationists alike to monitor individual elephant movements and chart habitat and landscape connectivity. The collars have also reduced incidences of human-wildlife conflict by alerting rangers when the elephants leave protected areas and stray close to nearby farms. However, these technologies carry important caveats.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
Education levels are defined as follows: ‘low-educated’: at most lower-secondary education (ISCED levels 0-2), 'medium-educated': upper- or post-secondary education (3-4), ‘highly-educated’: tertiary education (5-6). Due to missing information on educational attainment for some individuals, there are disparities between the total change in the number of employed youth (diamonds) and the variation aggregated across levels of education for Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway and Turkey. Information on the level of education of employed youth is missing or incomplete for Chile, Japan and Korea.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg8)
These attitudes need to shift to open up new opportunities, not only to engage youth in economically productive activities, but to contribute to rural development in a country that is principally dependent on agriculture for livelihoods. It considers how to respond to the growing youth bulge and, in particular, how to promote youth well-being and a transition towards a demographic dividend through social enterprise development in rural areas. The concept emerges from his idea that individuals are more than merely economic actors.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg8)
The concept of ‘governance’ denotes not formal institutions but informal forms of social control and loose and fungible structures of power. Interest group theory, public policy analysis, bargaining approaches, pluralism and neopluralism, elite theory, capture theory, and the like suggest that such processes are at the heart of policy-making and implementation. Global governance institutions are not the structurally differentiated, relatively autonomous, multifunctional institutions represented in modern state theory, indeed, they are moving in the opposite direction through the ‘fragmentation of global governance architectures’, ‘forum shopping’, and the hybridization of public and private. Globalizing special interests enmeshed with transgovernmental networks increasingly determine outcomes. Global economic growth, environmental policy-making, new wars, and uneven development involve complex dialectics of bottom up/top down, inside/out, endogenous and exogenous variables, not a coherent institutional shift to global governance.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
The lead agency does not have to be responsible for conducting all activities but it does have to co-ordinate and to report regularly on progress towards targets to the highest levels of government. In Korea, road safety responsibility is shared between various agencies. The Transport Safety Act is managed by The Ministry of Land, Transportation and Infrastructure (MOLIT) while the Road Traffic Act, covering key areas of safety, is managed by the Police. Each ministry can propose road safety-related measures as well as a budget to achieve them, however, there is no overall co-ordination process for the allocation of a road safety budget.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
Data refer to the working-age population (18-65). Data refer to 2011-14 for all countries except Switzerland (2009-12), Germany, Ireland, Japan and the United Kingdom (2010-13), Turkey (2008-11), Canada (2007-10) and Chile (2006-09). For the United States, as data is collected on a biannual basis, the result is based on the average between results for a 3 year- and a 5 year-panel.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Seizing this momentum to lock in development spirals based on sustainable sources of energy necessitates local, national and global mobilization. Action is needed in particular to multiply projects, make finance available and remove barriers which hinder such investments. This highlights the prominent role that must be played by actors that are able to promote knowledge-sharing and serve as clearing houses to link investors with investment opportunities.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Participants in the Third International Conference on Bioethics, Multiculturalism and Religion (2013) were asked to discuss the relationship between “universal human rights and cultural diversity in the life sciences” based on Article 12 of the UNESCO Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights from the perspective of a particular religion. Professor Prakash Desai presented the main paper from the Hindu perspective, and in this essay I respond to his paper.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
The focus of this report is on instruments to promote gender balance in academia. Then an overview is presented of key policy measures and programmes initiated by government authorities to promote gender balance in research. Examples are also given of the actions taken by the Nordic national research councils and the joint Nordic institution NordForsk to address gender balance.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
For example, competency descriptions for school professionals (in relation to which they will be appraised) and quality indicators for school evaluation should reflect the learning goals that the school system is aiming to achieve. This also implies ensuring that the evaluation and assessment framework captures a broad range of student learning objectives. To this end, it would be helpful to initiate research and development to strengthen the range of instruments available to assess, for example, students’ broader competencies such as problem solving, reasoning and communication (Chapter 3). Individuals and groups are more likely to accept changes if they understand the reasons for these changes and can see the role they should play within the broad national strategy.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
Comment les migrations modifient-elles en profondeur la signification du mot« famille » ? Et comment reproduisent-elles les rapports de genre ? En concreto, se basara en investigaciones empiricas disponibles sobre las experiencias de las trabajadoras de hogar migrantes etiopes con hijas/os mientras seencuentran en el Libano,y de las refugiadas etiopes con hijas/os que se han reasentado en Australia.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
In our framework, a rights-based, gender-equity focused employment scheme based on constitutional and legal foundations incorporating other rights - such as the right to food, decent working conditions, and a fair and equitable wage - will fall in the intersection of the state, community and individual domains, the ‘sweet spot’ for social protection. However, one unequivocal finding is that the rights-based approach transforms citizens, especially women, into agents of change by giving them a greater voice in decision-making and empowering them to challenge power structures beyond the confines of the scheme. This is a huge step forward in a region where gender inequities and violation of rights is a systemic problem (Nayak and Khera 2009, Sudarshan 2011). As noted above, the development indicators in parts of South Asia are the lowest in the world.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
In this article, the authors contribute to the literature on predicting and preventing genocide in an international context, focusing on social death practices elaborated in articles II(b)–(e) of the 1948 United Nations Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (UNCG). Analyzing ex-gay movement texts, the authors apply James Waller's theoretical framework, which explains how ordinary people commit extraordinary acts of brutality, to the rhetoric and public policy advocacy of prominent ex-gay movement organizations and entrepreneurs. Further, they examine the extent to which this new religious movement promotes public policies in the United States and globally, and argue that these policies constitute social death as genocide of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender peoples based on the UNCG definition. The authors conclude that emphasizing mass murder at the expense of social death constricts our view of genocide at an enormous human cost, including predicting and preventing m...
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Currently there are a small number of highly efficient large commercial farms that are competitive with the best farms in North America. These farms already account for a large share of agricultural output in the state and dominate important commodities like, dairy, apples and other fruit and nuts and vegetables. This cheese is produced at a number of small cheese plants in a part of the state that has weak road connections to major markets. In the region dairy is a major enterprise, and many small farms rely on milk sales to the cheese plants for a major share of their earned income.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
For each Principle of the Recommendation, suggestions of pitfalls to avoid and potential solutions are also provided. For each component of the Recommendation, the checklist suggests key self-assessment questions for countries to evaluate their own state-of-play and areas for improvement in order to prioritise their implementation efforts. The methodology for key performance indicators is currently under revision in line with the OECD Recommendation of the Council on Public Procurement (2015). They cover in detail three principles on stakeholder engagement, regulatory impact assessment and ex post evaluation, and provide a baseline measurement to track countries' progress over time and identify areas for reform. The indicators are expected to be updated every three to four years.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
They should be located close to housing and create interconnected green corridors, following modern trends in the most advanced cities. Planning more compact streets and concentrating green areas, while maintaining their share of the total land area, strikes a reasonable compromise between compactness and green landscapes. Putting these into operation will complete the transport infrastructure, raising the efficiency of connection hubs. Current legislation provides private property rights to land only in a limited range of cases.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
Available from: http://www.greenfiscalpolicy.org/wp-content/ uploads/2013/08/Fiscal_Policy_to_Mitigate_Climate_Change_IMF2012_ Summary.pdf. Measuring, Reporting and Verification (MRV). Available from https://mitigationpartnership.net/measuring-reporting-and-verification-mrv-O. Accessed 13 February 2017.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Indeed, although the spreading of alternative school arrangements widens the scope of users’ choice, it may exacerbate the correlation between socio-economic backgrounds and school resources and quality. Teaching practices could be also improved by reducing the extensive reliance of the system on test scores, and rather develop more comprehensive indicators of school performance. Indeed, despite being important, benchmarking is deemed to have incentivised grades inflation, “teaching to tests” and scarce attention to the development of non-cognitive skills.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
However, bringing together a variety of different stakeholders’ views and experiences on how to effectively manage international climate finance can help to identify points of common interest and agreement, where further discussion is needed and where best practices can be identified and shared across countries and communities of practice. A key benchmark for climate finance is the commitment taken by developed countries under the UNFCCC to mobilise USD 100 billion in support for developing countries to act on climate change. The USD 100 billion climate finance goal is to be mobilised from a range of sources, public and private, bilateral and multilateral3.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
This will help shed light on the contributions low income areas make to the city’s entrepreneurship. This paper also makes an attempt to understand the demographic and income earning characteristics of the urban poor. It examines if the sociodemographic and other characteristics of the urban poor determine their contribution to the city’s economy, society and governance. First, a literature review to document that this is really unchartered territory is presented.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
In April 2009, the European Commission adopted its Communication “Building a sustainable future for aquaculture - A new impetus for the Strategy for the Sustainable Development of European Aquaculture. In this Communication the Commission examined the root causes of the stagnation in EU aquaculture production. On the basis of this process the Commission will issue, in 2013, strategic guidelines for a sustainable aquaculture.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg14)
The challenge is to keep up the drive for continuous improvement in quality across all provinces and districts in line with the framework for quality improvement set out in Indonesia’s National Education Standards. It is divided into two levels: six years of primary school and three years of junior secondary school. The official entry age is 7 years old, but it is common to find many 6-year-olds enrolled in the first year of primary school.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
Radioactivity is monitored by Belarus in the Pripyat (at Mosyr) and in the Lower Braginka (at Gdcn), and Ukraine monitors for lwCs and ’“Sr at transboundary monitoring stations. According to the results, concentrations of radionuclides arc insignificant, and do not exceed permissible limits. Groundwater monitoring is carried out by Belarus in four points in transboundary areas (levels, temperature, physical properties and chemistry), but there is no joint monitoring.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
In order to get a nationally representative sample for NIDS from the Master Sample of PSUs, the sample was allocated to the provinces with probability proportional to size. This allocation was applied to ensure that the sample w'as spread throughout the country and not concentrated in some provinces. The fieldwork for Wave 1 commenced in the last week of January 2008 and ended in July 2008.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
The Soweto Thuthuzela Car Centre in Gauteng Province attends to approximately 165 survivors per month, including many children as young as two years old. The trial completion time for cases dealt with by the Centre has decreased to 7.5 months from the national average of around 2 years, and conviction rates have reached up to 89 per cent. Johannesburg, Tshwaranang Legal Advocacy Centre, the South African Medical Research Council and the Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconcilation (July 2008). Generally fewer than 20 per cent of women reported the last incident of violence they experienced to the police.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
In addition, 22 reporting countries support the provision of social rental housing, either through the direct provision of housing or through subsidies to providers. Around one third of the reporting countries also use construction subsidies to promote the production of rental housing. Rent controls are used in over half of the reporting countries, but other forms of support for private rental housing, such as provision of guarantees and rent tax relief for tenants, are currently used by just over one fifth of the reporting countries.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
Many other countries, however, have less than 50 per cent of their population with access to improved sanitation facilities, including Cambodia (33 per cent), India (35 per cent) and Nepal (35 per cent). What is of great concern is that some countries and areas in the Pacific subregion registered a decrease in access to basic sanitation, including the Cook Islands (100 per cent in 1990 to 95 per cent in 2011), French Polynesia (99 per cent in 1990 to 97 per cent in 2011), Papua New Guinea (20 per cent in 1990 to 19 per cent in 2011) and Tonga (95 per cent in 1990 to 92 per cent in 2011). Conversely, other countries struggle to provide their populations with equal access to improved sanitation facilities, in Cambodia access for the urban population increased from 36 per cent to 76 per cent, and for the rural population from 3 per cent to 22 per cent, between 1990 and 2011.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
When looking at average incomes in the bottom and top quintile groups, there is no longer a narrowing of the market-income distribution in the Netherlands. Similarly, income changes for the “low” income group now appear less beneficial in Denmark, but more so in Australia. Three of the countries not included in Figure 1 saw a narrowing of the gap in average incomes (Chile, France, Ireland), with Chile and Ireland recording very large real-term gains.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Global challenges to children's health are rooted in social and environmental determinants. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) articulates the rights required to address these civil-political, social, economic and cultural determinants of child well-being. The principles of child rights-universality, interdependence and accountability-define the tenets of social justice and health equity required to ensure all rights accrue to all children, and the accountability of individuals and organisations (duty-bearers) to ensure these rights are fulfilled. Together, the CRC and child rights principles establish the structure and function of a child rights-based approach (CRBA) to child health and well-being-that provides the strategies and tools to transform child health practice into a rights, justice and equity-based paradigm. The 30th anniversary of the CRC is an opportune time to translate a CRBA to health and well-being into a global practice of paediatrics and child health.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Developed countries are likely to, at least for the time being, put emphasis on respective bilateral initiatives. Aid for Trade (AfT) support, envisaged under the ambit of the World Trade Organization (WTO), needs to be geared towards supporting the IPoA targets in the coming years. However, progress in the GATS negotiations has been rather slow.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Urban Toronto in Canada, the University of Chicago Urban Network in the United States, and the Viet Nam Urban Forum (VUF) are examples of platforms for networking and discussion on key urban issues among agents from different backgrounds. The membership of the VUF, for instance, chaired by the Ministry' of Construction, includes public, private and nonprofit organisations (universities, think tanks and so on) and even international organisations. The VUF, a platform for discussion on urban issues, regularly review's and reports to stakeholders on the state of ongoing urban development programmes. It also contributes to a deeper understanding of urban upgrading projects.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
These simpler exercises are largely descriptive but also including an assessment of strengths and challenges in the country system. The commentaries are designed to be of value as free-standing reports, but are also prepared so that they can become the first phase of a full review, should a country so wish. It builds on the success of the OECD’s previous study, Learning for Jobs which examined vocational education and training policy, mainly at upper secondary level through 17 country reviews and a comparative report. Full country policy reviews were conducted in Austria, Denmark, Egypt, Germany, Israel, Kazakhstan, Korea, the Netherlands, South Africa, Switzerland, the United Kingdom (England), and the United States (with case studies of Florida, Maryland and Washington State). Shorter exercises leading to a country commentary were undertaken in Belgium (Flanders), Canada, Iceland, Romania, Spain, Sweden and in Northern Ireland and Scotland in the United Kingdom.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
The total own-source tax revenues (OZB-propertv tax, sewage and waste and other taxes) are less than 8%. At the same time, local governments are stimulated to provide services in a cost-efficient manner to make the most of allotted transfers. For land-use policy, Dutch municipalities have less pressure to increase owm-source revenues, including the property tax.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
The IPSL model shows more distinctive changes than the Hadley model. For instance, for some regions of Kenya, IPSL shows an increase in average precipitation per month of more than 100 mm, while the Hadley model estimates an increase of about 10 mm per month. Large differences are also apparent in the models’ projections for equatorial America: Where the IPSL model shows a significant increase in precipitation, the Hadley model projects a large decrease.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
Industry associations are beginning to emerge, such as BREA, which provides a much-needed industry voice to the many development issues of the energy sector and, along with the local UWI campus, helps to raise awareness among different government institutions, industrial bodies and the general public. This challenge stems from the general low level of energy awareness among Caribbean populations. Many companies and institutions are under informed as to the potential for energy reduction and potential cost savings from first pursuing energy management and energy efficiency options, and of the impact that distributed renewable energy can ultimately have on their lives. The transition towards a clean, sustainable energy sector offers a chance for nations to reclaim their energy systems through citizen/co-operative ownership of large-scale renewable energy plants. This model has been shown to create a more harmonious relationship between renewable energy operators and their surrounding neighbours.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
The operation of USAINS represents a major success for USM in generating income and enabling its staff to supplement their salaries by commercialising their professional services. For research-intensive universities, the principal driver is scientific excellence. In the case of federally funded research institutes, they are under less pressure to be attentive to city development since they are profiled to respond to national needs. Furthermore, there is no formal process for monitoring outcomes and assessing the impact of local engagement.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
The article proposes thinking the corpus of knowledge on palliative care as an invention that would work as one of the tactics inserted in a bio-political strategy constituted in order to defend society. For the articulation of this discussion, the 2007 edition of the palliative care manual was used, published by the World Health Organization. Starting from the textual analysis of the discourse in the manual, with the help of the reference framework of cultural studies and inspired on the works by Michel Foucault, the study articulates one of the possible readings of the guide. Based on the crossing between material information and statements, one observes the re(organization) and (re)invention of a discipline that invests in the subjectivity of individuals, constituting apparatuses of truth in the intent to defend living. DEscriptors: Health policy. Palliative care. Education. Government. Nursing.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)