albertmartinez/OSDG huggingface dataset:
Additionally, as company disaster recovery plans become more detailed, they force similar effects through their suppliers via audits and management practices. While at a high level this appears to be a business continuity and revenue protection issue, it also has much broader implications for sustainable development globally. Countries that are attempting to climb out of poverty are often held back by frequent natural disasters. As with any disaster response or business continuity team, the team is made up of people with different skills, drawn from different business units across the company.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
This paper investigates the dynamic and performative construction of publics in public engagement exercises. In this investigation, we, on the one hand, analyse how public engagement settings as political machineries frame particular kinds of roles and identities for the participating publics in relation to ‘the public at large’. On the other hand, we study how the participating citizens appropriate, resist and transform these roles and identities, and how they construct themselves and the participating group in relation to wider publics. The empirical basis of our argument is a discussion of four different kinds of participation events in Austria. Building on these observations we develop conclusions about the public up-take of public participation in technoscience and the role of public engagement in current techno-political cultures.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Strategic timing of preventive interventions, including the provision of age-appropriate comprehensive sexuality education and steps to enable girls to attend and remain in school, allows for positive outcomes before the circumstances of young adolescents’ lives are set. At school they do not accept girls wh0 become pregnant." Researchers and policymakers should join forces to fill this data void to ensure very young adolescents are not overlooked by or excluded from services and to ensure their rights are protected.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
Information on the positive outcomes of such initiatives could be disseminated more widely and opportunities for similar projects could be exploited in other municipalities. Invisa Fiduciary Services (IFS) operates the YUMP Academy pilot project together with YUMP Holding Inc. (AB), Botkyrka municipality and a large number of support companies. The project is financed by IFS, NUTEK, YUMP Holding Inc. (AB) and Botkyrka municipality.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
For web-based radio/television, data refer to 2012. For job search and software download categories, data refer to 2013. For online purchases and e-govemment categories, the recall period is 12 months instead of three months and data relate to individuals who used the Internet in the last 12 months instead of three months.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
This article explores the relationship between commensuration and affect in various contexts of education policy. Commensuration is the process through which disparate qualities are transformed into a common metric and is central to the production of performance data. The rise of governance through numbers in education has resulted in a proliferation of performance data, comparisons and rankings that influence political debate and policymaking. The efficacy of data as a governance mechanism depends on their usage to shift perceptions of performance, and this involves both conscious interpretation and affective sense-making of data and their representation in multiple forms. For example, performance data used within accountability systems in education are linked to sanctions and rewards, and their effects are partially due to the feelings that are provoked. The relationship between affect and data is also important in the mobility of policy ideas, which spread via meetings that enable affective proximity b...
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
For example, the proportion of older persons who received a pension was estimated at 52 per cent in Ecuador but at only 19 per cent in Peru in 2016, even though the two countries have similar GDP per capita. Likewise, 100 per cent of persons with disabilities receive disability benefits in Mongolia, compared with 3 per cent in the Philippines (ILO, 2017a).'04 In terms of legal entitlements, Ireland and Turkey require a minimum of 24 months of contributions to qualify for unemployment benefits, while Norway has no such requirement, as shown in chapter III (see figure III.l). Long minimum contributory periods are likely to prevent young people from obtaining unemployment benefits.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
In the battle for political space in postconflict Guatemala, protective accompaniment presents prospects for actualizing citizenship rights. I use the term proxy citizenship to refer to the potential for limited rights transfer between citizen bodies, privileged and bare. Foreign accompaniment volunteers can influence the dynamics of conflict by being present and bearing witness, therein supporting the (re)placement of local human rights defenders in the politico-juridical sphere as rights-bearing citizens empowered to testify against impunity. I situate my own experiences in Guatemala within the broader literature on radical democratic theory and geographies of citizenship, examining the possibilities and problems associated with exploiting the differential “worth” of citizen bodies. Taking up the claim that “presence signals the possibility of a politics,” I argue that putting citizenship in the line of fire may open modest but strategic pathways in transnational solidarity.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
In-kind benefits (or services) include day-care and home-help services and other benefits in kind. Fiscal measures include child tax credits, tax advantages for formal child care and other tax breaks which financially support families with children. Only public support that is exclusively for families (e.g. child payments and allowances, parental leave benefits and child care support) is included in the figure. Spending in other social policy areas such as health and housing support also assists families, but not exclusively, and is therefore not considered.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
This area includes mountain pastures that are expected to undergo significant changes in the accumulation of carbon if there is no change in land use. It is the optimal zone for capture and accumulation of carbon from forests and other vegetation. Forecasts of the realistic scenario in 2050 increase the range of Zone A, as it incorporates parts of the Danube valley, parts of the Upper Valley of Tundzha hilly plain and the Struma valley and parts of die Black Sea coast and Dobrudzha.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
However, the statistical yearbook on environmental protection does not contain statistical information on industrial waste, inspections and law enforcement on protection of the environment and natural resources. In particular, information on the use of water resources is excluded due to inconsistencies in the statistical data in that area. However, since the beginning of 2010, due to the lack of funding both the Aarhus Centre in Dushanbe and its website are not operational.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
The choice between the different assessment units is relevant for a number of - partially competing - policy objectives. Rosen (1977) has shown that an income tax cannot be progressive and also achieve both horizontal equity with respect to family income (same tax burden for families with the same total income) and marriage neutrality (same tax burden regardless of marital status). However, as long as income taxes are progressive, and ignoring employment gains and behavioural effects, assessing taxes based on family incomes is superior in terms of reducing the inequality of income as measured in this study. A table with summaries of 2005 social security contribution schedules (and also of other benefits and taxes considered in this section) is available in OECD (2007a) and through www.oecd.org/els/ sorial/worfeincentiues.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
In Finland, medically certified absences were 20% higher among lifetime abstainers, former and heavy drinkers compared with light drinkers (Vahtera et al., A review of 22 studies from different countries observed a substantial economic burden of alcohol on society (Thavomcharoensap et al., In the United Kingdom, nearly 11 million working days were lost by alcohol-dependent workers in 2001, and the total cost of absenteeism due to alcohol was estimated to be £1.2 billion (UK Cabinet Office, 2003). In the European Union, alcohol accounted for an estimated €59 billion worth of potential lost production through absenteeism, unemployment and lost working years through premature death in 2003 (Anderson and Baumberg, 2006). Potential production losses were found to be an important part of alcohol-related costs in Scotland, France and Canada (Rehm et al., In particular, in the United States, lost productivity represented 72.2% of the total economic cost of excessive drinking.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
Une telle decomposition par categorie UICN n'etait jusqu’a present pas disponible. Conjugue a d'autres informations sur les aires protegees, ce nouvel indicateur permet de mieux comprendre l’ampleur et la direction des efforts de conservation deployes par les pays. Par exemple, certains pays ont etabli des aires protegees sur une part relativement importante de leur domaine maritime, tandis que d’autres doivent encore se doter de reseaux d’aires protegees dignes de ce nom. En revanche, il ne repond pas a certaines questions importantes et utiles pour Faction politique, a savoir dans quelle mesure les aires protegees preservent la biodiversite nationale ou mondiale, ou de determiner si leur gestion ou leur mise en oeuvre est efficace.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
Two thirds of this support went towards reducing emissions from and improving the resilience of energy, transport and water infrastructure. In support of this, a Climate Change Financing Framework was developed in 2014 to outline the government's plans for mobilising resources to support its NDC. Much of the international climate finance received by Cambodia has focused on providing project level support. The limitations of such approaches include a disaggregation of support across various areas, especially in areas where donor coordination and harmonisation are poor, and reduced alignment with national priorities.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg8)
The government views womens workforce participation as an important pillar of economic growth and sustainability and is therefore creating an environment to increase it. The initiative seeks to challenge discriminatory attitudes and practices that are barriers to gender equality in the workplace and to promote a more gender-balanced workforce. Employers also have the potential to increase profitability by ensuring that the different skills and experiences of a diverse workforce are translated into enhanced products and services, and attract investors and business opportunities that increasingly take gender diversity into consideration.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
Table 9.1 shows the factor 'loadings' for each dimension for younger children by region. A loading or correlation with a factor is considered 'strong' if it is above 0.40 in absolute value. In urban areas, water, sanitation, housing and health load on to the first factor while nutrition loads on to the second, information is not strongly correlated with either factor and the child protection dimension is strongly negatively correlated with the second factor (-0.69). Nutrition and child protection seem to represent unique dimensions in urban areas.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg1)
Environment Principle 7: Businesses should support a precautionary approach to environmental challenges, Principle 8: undertake initiatives to promote greater environmental responsibility, and Principle 9: encourage the development and diffusion of environmentally friendly technologies. Anti-Corruption Principle 10: Businesses should work against corruption in all its forms, including extortion and bribery. This coincides with increased practical guidance on how to communicate progress, including firmer links to the GR1 Reporting Framework and G3 guidelines. This guide introduces and explores ways to address GRI and Global Compact COP requirements simultaneously.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg12)
In consequence, the impacts shown here on land use and agricultural production abstract from the potential substitution among these input commodities which might alter the policy effects. In terms of biofuel policies, the increasing importance of sustainability criteria linked to support measures in many countries is not accounted for in the analysis. These tend to limit the choice of biofuels and their feedstock commodities that qualify for support (or for counting towards mandates), and may therefore alter the impact the support policies have on agricultural markets and incomes. An assessment of the direction and potential magnitude of these modifying effects is, however, beyond the scope of this analysis.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)
With a good level of awareness of the sustainability challenge among the population and the acknowledgement of the ancestral natural heritage, Sydney has an extraordinary potential to pursue economic growth and wealth in a more carbon sober manner. This study was carried out as part of the series of reviews on Climate Change, Employment and Local Development of the OECD Programme on Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED). This work stream is led by Gabriela Miranda, OECD LEED Policy Analyst.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Feminist scholars of public administration have critiqued the dominance of masculine imagery in public administration theory and practice. However, public service motivation is one area of public administration discourse that contains both feminine and masculine imagery. Focusing on Perry’s multidimensional public service motivation scale, the authors borrow from a range of social science literatures to contend that compassion is a feminine dimension of public service motivation, whereas attraction to policy making and commitment to public service are masculine dimensions. Data from a survey of public managers in state health and human service agencies reveal that women score higher on Perry’s compassion subscale but also on attraction to policy making. No statistically significant gender differences were found on commitment to public service.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg16)
Without evidence of additionality and a clear distinction between projects that would have occurred anyway under development programmes, it is challenging to assess whether the initiative has delivered incremental benefits to developing countries. When UNCTAD Secretary-General, Rubens Ricupero, called for Aid for Trade at the 2003 Cancun WTO meeting, he specified that trade assistance must be additional, ‘developing countries need aid for trade, and such aid must not come at the expense of aid for development’. The WTO Ministerial Declaration in Hong Kong also called for ‘appropriate mechanisms to secure additional financial resources for Aid for Trade’ [emphasis added] (WTO 2005).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Second, it is implicitly assumed that characteristics that vary simultaneously across sector of job loss and tenure group do not affect the outcome of interest. In order to control for any such differences, the econometric analysis also controls for a wide range of observable characteristics. The PME has a rotating panel that allows one to track individuals over time.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
National goals for hydroelectricity are set according to water policies and targets, although this still has to be implemented at the basin level. The Environment Agency is now working with the Energy Saving Trust to develop policy in this area to target hot water use as a way of mitigating climate change. Plans for renewable energy take into account the increasing needs generated by desalination plants, irrigation modernisation, water reuse, aquifer management in periods of droughts, etc.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg6)
Waste containers are located at a reasonable distance from each other and are emptied daily. In some municipalities, problems still remain and there are often overfilled waste bins and waste spread around it, either because there are simply not enough waste bins for the amount of waste generated or because the bins are not emptied as often as they should be. On each floor of the building, there is a connection to the refuse chute leading to the bunker located at the basement of the building.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg12)
Performance-based penalties and incentives will be applied. In 2009, Korea also introduced an energy management system (EMS) certification programme based on national standard (KS A 4000: 2007) to improve the energy management capability of industrial plants and buildings. Public-private funding is also available through Korea's carbon fund (USD 180 milion). The efficiency level of refrigerators, air conditioners and washing machines stand out as highly successful examples (e.g. the average domestic air conditioner's energy efficiency ratio (EER) is higher than in any other country). Starting in July 2010, Korea mandated an innovative standby warning label for 19 products that do not meet specified standby power standards.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Management effectiveness can also be further improved. The federal government, through CONAFOR, launched two PES initiatives involving forest management: the Hydrological Ecosystem Services Programme (PSAH) in 2003 and the Programme to Develop Ecosystem Service Markets for Carbon Sequestration and Biodiversity and to Establish and Improve Agro-forestry Systems (CABSA) in 2004. These PES programmes involve 3.25 million ha, making Mexico’s one of the world’s largest PES programmes (Box 5.3).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
These actions highlight the importance that developing countries also attach to understanding how effective international financial commitments are in achieving low-carbon, climate-resilient development goals at the national level. For example, in line with its strategic objective of financing transformational shifts towards low-carbon economies, the Climate Investment Funds’ (CIF) Clean Technology Fund (CTF) includes the amount of GHGs produced per unit of GDP as a national-level performance indicator (CIF, 2012). The CIF tracks this metric over time and compares progress to the baseline year determined by when the country-specific investment plan was established. In order to put these changes into context, the IEA calculates ESCII pathways consistent with two, four, and six-degree climate scenarios.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
Risk reduction activities have the most direct impact on people’s ability to adapt to climate change or, in the case of infrastructure projects, on damages to the physical environment. Policy making, on the other hand, ensures that climate change risks are taken into account in laws, planning, policies and negotiations. Education, training and awareness aim to change people’s behaviour and habits in accordance with current and projected climate conditions.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg13)
The same is true of policies dealing with urban form and the built environment: while national standards may be needed, much depends on the nature of the existing buildings in a given place, the materials available and the framework for zoning and land use (OECD, 2013). The funds for renewable energy companies that were available through the US stimulus bill of 2009 are set to end. Much has been made of the US federal government’s loans to renewable energy firms that later went bankrupt, defaulting on the loans. However, the US federal government has an important role in providing the conditions that would support long-term green private sector growth.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg7)
Furthermore, across OECD countries temporary work tends to lower wages at the bottom of the earnings distribution, while the effect is often neutral at the top, thereby contributing to increased individual earnings inequality. And Chile is no exemption. Evidence shows that earnings gaps between permanent and temporary workers are significantly larger at the bottom of the wage distribution (the so-called sticky-floor effect) (Bosio, 2014, Santangelo, 2011).
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg5)
The large number of different professions and specialisations that existed under Soviet rule was drastically reduced, and smaller, singlesubject vocational schools merged into more comprehensive educational establishments (OECD, 2001). However, at 3% of GDP, public and private expenditure on primary', secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary educational institutions in 2011 remains considerably below the OECD average of 3.8% of GDP (OECD, 2014a, Chart B2.2). Section 2 examines the policies to improve school attendance.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg4)
It could also explore the feasibility of opening up Medicare to other rural health professionals, and extending incentives to other health practitioners to relocate to rural areas and promote rural retention. The value that experienced visiting staff play in quality improvement through training local staff should not be underestimated. Specialists flying in should, as much as possible, see patients jointly with local clinicians to optimise training and support.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg3)
Efforts to address these challenges are compounded by policy discontinuities that result from a change in the majority of the municipal administration every three years. The region’s transport network is characterised by congested highways and poorly maintained urban roads. As to water and wastewater management, in spite of the high coverage of water and sanitation in the Puebla-Tlaxcala metropolitan zone (reported at 87% and 96%, respectively [SEDESOL, 2012]), the frequency of water provision and quality of infrastructure remain inadequate.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg11)
It has four main strategic thrusts: knowledge management, valuation of biodiversity, conservation, and diversification of use. Some of the more specific and tangible biodiversity and forestry goals and targets include: expanding protected areas to 16% by 2020 from 12.9% today, significantly reducing (also by 2020) the national forest degradation rate and maintaining forest biodiversity under the REDD+ programme on greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and degradation, and, by 2020, having efficient prevention, detection and early response systems and instruments in place so as to prevent, mitigate, control and eradicate invasive species. A major effort currently under way is to decentralise implementation through the development of state biodiversity strategies.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg15)
One can reasonably conclude, from this record, that the further development of regional supply chains in South Asia, in general, and the integration of South Asian LDCs into these supply chains, in particular, would likely face significant hurdles - and that is indeed the case. Though its regional population is large, only eight countries make up the region and half of these are LDCs. Moreover, the level of intra-regional trade is the lowest of any of the major developing regions.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg10)
Conversely, when world prices are high, the government is able to limit exports, putting downward pressure on prices, harming farming households while benefiting net rice consumers. As a consequence of weak co-ordination among these departments, there is a lot of overlap and gaps in policies and regulations. These emerge in areas such as food safety, disease control and water management.
(Sustainable Development Goal: sdg2)