---

# Hint


This Kata is an extension of the earlier ones in this series. Completing those first will make this task easier.

# Background

My TV remote control has arrow buttons and an `OK` button.

I can use these to move a "cursor" on a logical screen keyboard to type words...

# Keyboard

The screen "keyboard" layouts look like this


  #tvkb {
    width : 400px;
    border: 5px solid gray; border-collapse: collapse;
  }
  #tvkb td {
    color : orange;
    background-color : black;
    text-align : center;
    border: 3px solid gray; border-collapse: collapse;
  }
  #legend {
    width : 400px;
    border: 1px solid gray; border-collapse: collapse;
  }
  #legend td {
    text-align : center;
    border: 1px solid gray; border-collapse: collapse;
  }



Keypad Mode 1 = alpha-numeric (lowercase)
Keypad Mode 3 = symbols




abcde123
fghij456
klmno789
pqrst.@0
uvwxyz_/
aA#SP




^~?!'"()
-:;+&%*=
<>€£$¥¤\
[]{},.@§
#¿¡_/
aA#SP






* `aA#` is the SHIFT key. Pressing this key cycles through THREE keypad modes.
 * **Mode 1** = alpha-numeric keypad with lowercase alpha (as depicted above)
 * **Mode 2** = alpha-numeric keypad with UPPERCASE alpha
 * **Mode 3** = symbolic keypad (as depicted above)
 
 
* `SP` is the space character
* The other (solid fill) keys in the bottom row have no function

## Special Symbols

For your convenience, here are Unicode values for the less obvious symbols of the **Mode 3** keypad


¡ = U-00A1£ = U-00A3¤ = U-00A4¥ = U-00A5
§ = U-00A7¿ = U-00BF€ = U-20AC


# Kata task

How many button presses on my remote are required to type the given `words`?

## Notes

* The cursor always starts on the letter `a` (top left)
* The inital keypad layout is **Mode 1**
* Remember to also press `OK` to "accept" each letter
* Take the shortest route from one letter to the next
* The cursor wraps, so as it moves off one edge it will reappear on the opposite edge
* Although the blank keys have no function, you may navigate through them if you want to
* Spaces may occur anywhere in the `words` string
* Do not press the SHIFT key until you need to. For example, with the word `e.Z`, the SHIFT change happens **after** the `.` is pressed (not before). In other words, do not try to optimize total key presses by pressing SHIFT early.

```if:c,cpp
## C/C++ warriors
The standard I/O libraries choke on wide characters beyond the value 255. This kata includes the Euro € (U-20AC). So the function `ws2utf8()` has been preloaded for converting wchar_t strings to UTF-8 for printing.
```

# Example

words = `Too Easy?`

* T => `a`-`aA#`-OK-`U`-`V`-`W`-`X`-`Y`-`T`-OK = 9
* o => `T`-`Y`-`X`-`W`-`V`-`U`-`aA#`-OK-OK-`a`-`b`-`c`-`d`-`e`-`j`-`o`-OK = 16
* o => `o`-OK = 1
* space => `o`-`n`-`m`-`l`-`q`-`v`-`SP`-OK = 7
* E => `SP`-`aA#`-OK-`A`-`3`-`2`-`1`-`-E`-OK = 8
* a => `E`-`1`-`2`-`3`-`A`-`aA`-OK-OK-`a`-OK = 9
* s => `a`-`b`-`c`-`d`-`i`-`n`-`s`-OK = 7
* y => `s`-`x`-`y`-OK = 3
* ? => `y`-`x`-`w`-`v`-`u`-`aA#`-OK-OK-`^`-`~`-`?`-OK = 11

Answer = 9 + 16 + 1 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 7 + 3 + 11 = 71



*Good Luck!
DM.*



Series
* TV Remote
* TV Remote (shift and space)
* TV Remote (wrap)
* TV Remote (symbols)

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

def _disabled_input(*args, **kwargs):
    raise RuntimeError("input() is disabled in callable mode")
builtins.input = _disabled_input

ns = {"__name__": "__judge__"}  # prevent if __name__ == "__main__" blocks
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = 'def tv_remote(words: str):\n\n    class Mode:\n        LOWERCASE, UPPERCASE, SYMBOLIC = range(3)\n        mode = LOWERCASE\n\n        def islowercase(self):\n            return self.mode == self.LOWERCASE\n\n        def isuppercase(self):\n            return self.mode == self.UPPERCASE\n\n        def isalphanumeric(self):\n            return self.mode in [self.LOWERCASE, self.UPPERCASE]\n\n        def issymbolic(self):\n            return self.mode == self.SYMBOLIC\n\n        def switch_to_new_mode(self, other):\n            if isinstance(other, int):\n                button_presses = (other - self.mode) % 3\n                self.mode = other\n                return button_presses\n\n    def dist(pos1, pos2):\n        return sum(min(abs(p1-p2), dim - abs(p1-p2)) for p1, p2, dim in zip(pos1, pos2, kb_dims))\n\n    screen_keyboard_alphanumeric = "abcde123fghij456klmno789pqrst.@0uvwxyz_/⇑ "\n    symbols_map_alphanumeric = {c: (i // 8, i % 8) for i, c in enumerate(screen_keyboard_alphanumeric)}\n    kb_dims = (len(screen_keyboard_alphanumeric) // 8 + 1, 8)\n    screen_keyboard_symbolic = "^~?!\\\'\\"()-:;+&%*=<>€£$¥¤\\[]{},.@§#¿¡ΦΨΩ_/⇑ "\n    symbols_map_symbolic = {c: (i // 8, i % 8) for i, c in enumerate(screen_keyboard_symbolic)}\n    common_symbols = "".join(set(screen_keyboard_alphanumeric) & set(screen_keyboard_symbolic))\n\n    button_presses = 0\n    cur_position, next_position = (0, 0), (0, 0)\n    mode = Mode()\n\n    words_to_type = []\n    for ch in words:\n        if ch in common_symbols:\n            words_to_type.append(ch.lower())\n\n        elif ch in screen_keyboard_symbolic:\n            words_to_type.append("⇑"*mode.switch_to_new_mode(Mode.SYMBOLIC) + ch)\n\n        elif ch.lower() in screen_keyboard_alphanumeric:\n            if ch.isalpha():\n                if ch.islower():\n                    words_to_type.append("⇑"*mode.switch_to_new_mode(mode.LOWERCASE) + ch.lower())\n                elif ch.isupper():\n                    words_to_type.append("⇑"*mode.switch_to_new_mode(mode.UPPERCASE) + ch.lower())\n            elif not mode.isalphanumeric():\n                words_to_type.append("⇑"*mode.switch_to_new_mode(mode.LOWERCASE) + ch)\n            else:\n                words_to_type.append(ch)        # mode.isalphanumeric() and not ch.isalpha()\n\n    words_to_type = "".join(words_to_type)\n\n    for ch in words_to_type:\n        if ch in screen_keyboard_alphanumeric:\n            next_position = symbols_map_alphanumeric[ch]\n            button_presses += 1 + dist(cur_position, next_position)\n            cur_position = next_position\n\n        elif ch in screen_keyboard_symbolic:\n            next_position = symbols_map_symbolic[ch]\n            button_presses += 1 + dist(cur_position, next_position)\n            cur_position = next_position\n\n        else:\n            return -1\n\n    return button_presses'
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

_target = None
_fn_name = 'tv_remote'
if _fn_name:
    if "Solution" in ns:
        try:
            _obj = ns["Solution"]()
            if hasattr(_obj, _fn_name):
                _target = getattr(_obj, _fn_name)
        except Exception:
            _target = None
    if _target is None and _fn_name in ns and callable(ns[_fn_name]):
        _target = ns[_fn_name]
# Fallback: if there's exactly one user-defined function, use it
if _target is None:
    _cands = [v for k, v in ns.items() if callable(v) and getattr(v, "__module__", "") in ("__judge__", "__main__")]
    _user_funcs = [c for c in _cands if getattr(c, "__name__", "").startswith("_") is False]
    if len(_user_funcs) == 1:
        _target = _user_funcs[0]
if _target is None:
    raise RuntimeError(f"Could not resolve callable '{_fn_name}'")

_raw = sys.stdin.read().strip()
if _raw:
    _parsed = json.loads(_raw)
    if isinstance(_parsed, dict):
        _kwargs = _parsed.get("kwargs", {})
        _args = _parsed.get("args", [])
    else:
        _args, _kwargs = _parsed, {}
else:
    _args, _kwargs = [], {}
if not isinstance(_args, (list, tuple)):
    _args = [_args]
_res = _target(*_args, **_kwargs)
try:
    sys.stdout.write(repr(_res) + "\n")
except Exception:
    pass

```

Measured memory_bytes: 22536