;; -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute)
  (sb-int:defconstant-eqx OPT
    #+swank '(optimize (speed 3) (safety 2))
    #-swank '(optimize (speed 3) (safety 0) (debug 0))
    #'equal)
  #+swank (ql:quickload '(:cl-debug-print :fiveam) :silent t)
  #-swank (set-dispatch-macro-character
           ;; enclose the form with VALUES to avoid being captured by LOOP macro
           #\# #\> (lambda (s c p) (declare (ignore c p)) `(values ,(read s nil nil t)))))
#+swank (cl-syntax:use-syntax cl-debug-print:debug-print-syntax)
#-swank (disable-debugger) ; for CS Academy

;; BEGIN_INSERTED_CONTENTS
;;;
;;; Select i-th order statistic in O(n)
;;;

;; REVIEW: Is the expected time complexity of SELECT-ITH! with (randomized)
;; Hoare partition really O(n)?

(declaim (inline %hoare-partition!))
(defun %hoare-partition! (vector l r pivot-idx order)
  "Destructively rearranges VECTOR[L, R] and returns an index i: All the
elements smaller than VECTOR[PIVOT-IDX] are moved to the front of i and those
larger behind i. Note that this function deals with the **closed** interval [L,
R]."
  (declare (vector vector)
           ((integer 0 #.most-positive-fixnum) l r))
  (rotatef (aref vector pivot-idx)
           (aref vector l))
  (let ((pivot (aref vector l))
        (i l)
        (j (+ r 1)))
    (declare (fixnum i j))
    (loop
      (loop do (incf i)
            while (and (<= i r)
                       (funcall order (aref vector i) pivot)))
      (loop do (decf j)
            while (funcall order pivot (aref vector j)))
      (when (>= i j)
        (rotatef (aref vector l) (aref vector j))
        (return j))
      (rotatef (aref vector i) (aref vector j)))))

(declaim (inline select-ith!))
(defun select-ith! (vector order i &optional (start 0) end)
  "Returns the (0-based) i-th smallest element of VECTOR (if order is #'<, for
example). Destructively modifies VECTOR."
  (declare (vector vector)
           ((integer 0 #.most-positive-fixnum) i start))
  (assert (< i (length vector)))
  (labels ((recur (l r i)
             (declare ((integer 0 #.most-positive-fixnum) l r i))
             (when (= l r)
               (return-from recur (aref vector r)))
             (let* ((pivot-idx (+ l (random (+ 1 (- r l)))))
                    (mid (%hoare-partition! vector l r pivot-idx order))
                    (delta (- mid l)))
               (declare ((integer 0 #.most-positive-fixnum) pivot-idx))
               (cond ((= i delta)
                      (return-from recur (aref vector mid)))
                     ((< i delta)
                      (recur l (- mid 1) i))
                     (t
                      (recur (+ mid 1) r (- i delta 1)))))))
    (recur start (or end (- (length vector) 1)) i)))

(declaim (ftype (function * (values fixnum &optional)) read-fixnum))
(defun read-fixnum (&optional (in *standard-input*))
  "NOTE: cannot read -2^62"
  (declare #.OPT)
  (macrolet ((%read-byte ()
               `(the (unsigned-byte 8)
                     #+swank (char-code (read-char in nil #\Nul))
                     #-swank (sb-impl::ansi-stream-read-byte in nil #.(char-code #\Nul) nil))))
    (let* ((minus nil)
           (result (loop (let ((byte (%read-byte)))
                           (cond ((<= 48 byte 57)
                                  (return (- byte 48)))
                                 ((zerop byte) ; #\Nul
                                  (error "Read EOF or #\Nul."))
                                 ((= byte #.(char-code #\-))
                                  (setf minus t)))))))
      (declare ((integer 0 #.most-positive-fixnum) result))
      (loop
        (let* ((byte (%read-byte)))
          (if (<= 48 byte 57)
              (setq result (+ (- byte 48)
                              (* 10 (the (integer 0 #.(floor most-positive-fixnum 10))
                                         result))))
              (return (if minus (- result) result))))))))

(defmacro dbg (&rest forms)
  #+swank
  (if (= (length forms) 1)
      `(format *error-output* "~A => ~A~%" ',(car forms) ,(car forms))
      `(format *error-output* "~A => ~A~%" ',forms `(,,@forms)))
  #-swank (declare (ignore forms)))

(defmacro define-int-types (&rest bits)
  `(progn
     ,@(mapcar (lambda (b) `(deftype ,(intern (format nil "UINT~A" b)) () '(unsigned-byte ,b))) bits)
     ,@(mapcar (lambda (b) `(deftype ,(intern (format nil "INT~A" b)) () '(signed-byte ,b))) bits)))
(define-int-types 2 4 7 8 15 16 31 32 62 63 64)

(declaim (inline println))
(defun println (obj &optional (stream *standard-output*))
  (let ((*read-default-float-format* 'double-float))
    (prog1 (princ obj stream) (terpri stream))))

(defconstant +mod+ 1000000007)

;;;
;;; Body
;;;

(defun main ()
  (declare #.OPT)
  (let* ((n (read))
         (as (make-array n :element-type 'int32)))
    (dotimes (i n)
      (setf (aref as i) (- (read-fixnum) i)))
    (let ((med1 (select-ith! as #'< (floor n 2)))
          (med2 (if (oddp n)
                    #xffffffff
                    (select-ith! as #'< (+ 1 (floor n 2))))))
      (println
       (min (loop for a across as
                  sum (abs (- a med1)) of-type uint62)
            (loop for a across as
                  sum (abs (- a med2)) of-type uint62))))))

#-swank (main)

;;;
;;; Test and benchmark
;;;

#+swank
(defun io-equal (in-string out-string &key (function #'main) (test #'equal))
  "Passes IN-STRING to *STANDARD-INPUT*, executes FUNCTION, and returns true if
the string output to *STANDARD-OUTPUT* is equal to OUT-STRING."
  (labels ((ensure-last-lf (s)
             (if (eql (uiop:last-char s) #\Linefeed)
                 s
                 (uiop:strcat s uiop:+lf+))))
    (funcall test
             (ensure-last-lf out-string)
             (with-output-to-string (out)
               (let ((*standard-output* out))
                 (with-input-from-string (*standard-input* (ensure-last-lf in-string))
                   (funcall function)))))))

#+swank
(defun get-clipbrd ()
  (with-output-to-string (out)
    ;; (run-program "C:/Windows/System32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0/powershell.exe" '("get-clipboard") :output out)
    (run-program "powershell.exe" '("-Command" "Get-Clipboard") :output out :search t)))

#+swank (defparameter *this-pathname* (uiop:current-lisp-file-pathname))
#+swank (defparameter *dat-pathname* (uiop:merge-pathnames* "test.dat" *this-pathname*))

#+swank
(defun run (&optional thing (out *standard-output*))
  "THING := null | string | symbol | pathname

null: run #'MAIN using the text on clipboard as input.
string: run #'MAIN using the string as input.
symbol: alias of FIVEAM:RUN!.
pathname: run #'MAIN using the text file as input."
  (let ((*standard-output* out))
    (etypecase thing
      (null
       (with-input-from-string (*standard-input* (delete #\Return (get-clipbrd)))
         (main)))
      (string
       (with-input-from-string (*standard-input* (delete #\Return thing))
         (main)))
      (symbol (5am:run! thing))
      (pathname
       (with-open-file (*standard-input* thing)
         (main))))))

#+swank
(defun gen-dat ()
  (uiop:with-output-file (out *dat-pathname* :if-exists :supersede)
    (format out "")))

#+swank
(defun bench (&optional (out (make-broadcast-stream)))
  (time (run *dat-pathname* out)))

;; To run: (5am:run! :sample)
#+swank
(it.bese.fiveam:test :sample
  (it.bese.fiveam:is
   (common-lisp-user::io-equal "5
2 2 3 5 5
"
    "2
"))
  (it.bese.fiveam:is
   (common-lisp-user::io-equal "9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
"
    "0
"))
  (it.bese.fiveam:is
   (common-lisp-user::io-equal "6
6 5 4 3 2 1
"
    "18
"))
  (it.bese.fiveam:is
   (common-lisp-user::io-equal "7
1 1 1 1 2 3 4
"
    "6
")))


Measured memory_bytes: 21224