#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
/*#include <ext/pb_ds/assoc_container.hpp>
#include <ext/pb_ds/tree_policy.hpp>
using namespace __gnu_pbds;
template<typename T> using gpp_set = tree<T, null_type, less<T>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update>;
template<typename T, typename L> using gpp_map = tree<T, L, less<T>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update>;
template<typename T> using gpp_multiset = tree<T, null_type, less_equal<T>, rb_tree_tag, tree_order_statistics_node_update>;*/
struct fast_ios { fast_ios(){ cin.tie(0); ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cout << fixed << setprecision(20); }; } fast_ios_;
#define FOR(i, begin, end) for(int i=(begin);i<(end);i++)
#define REP(i, n) FOR(i,0,n)
#define IFOR(i, begin, end) for(int i=(end)-1;i>=(begin);i--)
#define IREP(i, n) IFOR(i,0,n)
#define Sort(v) sort(v.begin(), v.end())
#define Reverse(v) reverse(v.begin(), v.end())
#define all(v) v.begin(),v.end()
#define SZ(v) ((int)v.size())
#define Lower_bound(v, x) distance(v.begin(), lower_bound(v.begin(), v.end(), x))
#define Upper_bound(v, x) distance(v.begin(), upper_bound(v.begin(), v.end(), x))
#define Max(a, b) a = max(a, b)
#define Min(a, b) a = min(a, b)
#define bit(n) (1LL<<(n))
#define bit_exist(x, n) ((x >> n) & 1)
#define debug(x) cout << #x << "=" << x << endl;
#define vdebug(v) cout << #v << "=" << endl; REP(i_debug, v.size()){ cout << v[i_debug] << ","; } cout << endl;
#define mdebug(m) cout << #m << "=" << endl; REP(i_debug, m.size()){ REP(j_debug, m[i_debug].size()){ cout << m[i_debug][j_debug] << ","; } cout << endl;}
#define pb push_back
#define f first
#define s second
#define int long long
#define INF 1000000000000000000
template<typename T> istream &operator>>(istream &is, vector<T> &v){ for (auto &x : v) is >> x; return is; }
template<typename T> ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, vector<T> &v){ for(int i = 0; i < v.size(); i++) { cout << v[i]; if(i != v.size() - 1) cout << endl; }; return os; }
template<typename T> void Out(T x) { cout << x << endl; }
template<typename T1, typename T2> void Ans(bool f, T1 y, T2 n) { if(f) Out(y); else Out(n); }

using vec = vector<int>;
using mat = vector<vec>;
using Pii = pair<int, int>;
using PiP = pair<int, Pii>;
using PPi = pair<Pii, int>;
using bools = vector<bool>;
using pairs = vector<Pii>;

//int dx[4] = {1,0,-1,0};
//int dy[4] = {0,1,0,-1};
//char d[4] = {'D','R','U','L'};

const int mod = 1000000007;
//const int mod = 998244353;
//#define Add(x, y) x = (x + (y)) % mod
//#define Mult(x, y) x = (x * (y)) % mod

template<long long MOD>
struct ModInt{

    using ll = long long;
    ll val;

    void setval(ll v) { val = v % MOD; };
    ModInt(): val(0) {}
    ModInt(ll v) { setval(v); };

    ModInt operator+(const ModInt &x) const { return ModInt(val + x.val); }
    ModInt operator-(const ModInt &x) const { return ModInt(val - x.val + MOD); }
    ModInt operator*(const ModInt &x) const { return ModInt(val * x.val); }
    ModInt operator/(const ModInt &x) const { return *this * x.inv(); }
    ModInt operator-() const { return ModInt(MOD - val); }
    ModInt operator+=(const ModInt &x) { return *this = *this + x; }
    ModInt operator-=(const ModInt &x) { return *this = *this - x; }
    ModInt operator*=(const ModInt &x) { return *this = *this * x; }
    ModInt operator/=(const ModInt &x) { return *this = *this / x; }

    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &os, const ModInt &x) { os << x.val; return os; }
    friend istream& operator>>(istream &is, ModInt &x) { is >> x.val; x.val = (x.val % MOD + MOD) % MOD; return is; }

    ModInt pow(ll n) const {
        ModInt a = 1;
        if(n == 0) return a;
        int i0 = 64 - __builtin_clzll(n);
        for(int i = i0 - 1; i >= 0; i--){
            a = a * a;
            if((n >> i) & 1) a *= (*this); 
        }
        return a;
    }
    ModInt inv() const { return this->pow(MOD - 2); }
};

using mint = ModInt<mod>; mint pow(mint x, long long n) { return x.pow(n); }
//using mint = double; //for debug
using mvec = vector<mint>;
using mmat = vector<mvec>;

struct Combination{

    vector<mint> fact, invfact;

    Combination(int N){
        fact = vector<mint>({mint(1)});
        invfact = vector<mint>({mint(1)});
        fact_initialize(N);
    }

    void fact_initialize(int N){
        int i0 = fact.size();
        if(i0 >= N + 1) return;
        fact.resize(N + 1);
        invfact.resize(N + 1);
        for(int i = i0; i <= N; i++) fact[i] = fact[i - 1] * i;
        invfact[N] = (mint)1 / fact[N];
        for(int i = N - 1; i >= i0; i--) invfact[i] = invfact[i + 1] * (i + 1); 
    }

    mint nCr(int n, int r){
        if(n < 0 || r < 0 || r > n) return mint(0);
        if(fact.size() < n + 1) fact_initialize(n);
        return fact[n] * invfact[r] * invfact[n - r];
    }

    mint nPr(int n, int r){
        if(n < 0 || r < 0 || r > n) return mint(0);
        if(fact.size() < n + 1) fact_initialize(n);
        return fact[n] * invfact[n - r];
    }

};

//0-indexed BIT
class BinaryIndexedTree
{
    using T = int;
private:
    void _add(int i, T x) {
        if (i > N) return;
        data[i] += x;
        _add(i + (i & -i), x);
    }

public:
    vector<T> data;
    int N;

    BinaryIndexedTree(int N): data(vector<T>(N + 1, 0)), N(N) {}
    BinaryIndexedTree(){}

    //sum of [0,i) (0<=i<=N)
    T sum(int i) {
        if (!i) return 0;
        return data[i] + sum(i - (i & -i));
    }

    //0<=i<N
    void add(int i, T x) { _add(i + 1, x); };
    void update(int i, T x){
        T now = sum(i + 1) - sum(i);
        add(i, x - now);
    }

};

signed main(){

    int N; cin >> N;
    vec P(N); cin >> P;
    REP(i, N) P[i]--;
    Reverse(P);
    Combination C(N);

    BinaryIndexedTree ST1(N), ST2(N);
    int tot = 0;
    REP(i, N) if(P[i] >= 0) ST1.add(P[i], 1);
    else tot++;

    mint ans = 0, e;
    int nq = 0;
    REP(i, N){
        mint u = 0;
        if(P[i] == -1){
            u = e + (mint)nq / 2;
            
            nq++;
        }else{
            int l = P[i] - ST1.sum(P[i]);
            u = (mint)ST2.sum(P[i]) + (mint)nq * l / tot;
            ST2.add(P[i], 1);

            e += (mint)(tot - l) / tot;
        }

        ans += u * C.fact[i];
    }
    ans = (ans + 1) * C.fact[tot];
    Out(ans);

    return 0;
}


Measured memory_bytes: 19840