This kata is the second part of a series: [Neighbourhood kata collection](https://www.codewars.com/collections/5b2f4db591c746349d0000ce). If this one is to easy you can try out the harder Katas.;)

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The neighbourhood of a cell (in a matrix) are cells that are near to it. There are two popular types:
- The [Moore neighborhood](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore_neighborhood) are eight cells which surround a given cell.
- The [Von Neumann neighborhood](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Neumann_neighborhood) are four cells which share a border with the given cell.

___

# Task
Given a neighbourhood type (`"moore"` or `"von_neumann"`), a 2D matrix (a list of lists) and a pair of coordinates, return the list of neighbours of the given cell.

Notes:
- The order of the elements in the output list is not important. 
- If the input indexes are outside the matrix, return an empty list.
- If the the matrix is empty, return an empty list.
- Order of the indices: The first index should be applied for the outer/first matrix layer. The last index for the most inner/last layer. `coordinates = (m, n)` should be apllied like `mat[m][n]`

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## Examples
```
\ n   0    1    2    3    4
m  --------------------------
0  |  0 |  1 |  2 |  3 |  4 |
1  |  5 |  6 |  7 |  8 |  9 |
2  | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
3  | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 |
4  | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
   --------------------------

get_neighborhood("moore", mat, (1,1)) == [0, 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 11, 12]
get_neighborhood("moore", mat, (0,0)) == [1, 6, 5]
get_neighborhood("moore", mat, (4,2)) == [21, 16, 17, 18, 23]
get_neighborhood("von_neumann", mat, (1,1)) == [1, 5, 7, 11]
get_neighborhood("von_neumann", mat, (0,0)) == [1, 5]
get_neighborhood("von_neumann", mat, (4,2)) == [21, 17, 23]
```
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Translations are appreciated.^^

If you like chess take a look at [Chess Aesthetics](https://www.codewars.com/kata/5b574980578c6a6bac0000dc)

If you like puzzles and take a look at [Rubik's cube](https://www.codewars.com/kata/5b3bec086be5d8893000002e)

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

def _disabled_input(*args, **kwargs):
    raise RuntimeError("input() is disabled in callable mode")
builtins.input = _disabled_input

ns = {"__name__": "__judge__"}  # prevent if __name__ == "__main__" blocks
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = "def get_offsets(distance, moore=True):\n    offsets = list(range(-distance, distance + 1))\n    for dr in offsets:\n        for dc in offsets:\n            if (dr, dc) == (0, 0):\n                continue\n            if not moore and abs(dr) + abs(dc) > distance:\n                # Manhattan distance too large\n                continue\n            yield (dr, dc)\n\ndef get_neighbourhood(n_type, arr, coordinates, distance=1):\n    h, w = len(arr), len(arr[0])\n    if not (0 <= coordinates[0] < h and 0 <= coordinates[1] < w):\n        # Coordinate not in arr\n        return []\n    r, c = coordinates\n    return [\n        arr[r + dr][c + dc]\n        for dr, dc in get_offsets(distance, n_type == 'moore')\n        if 0 <= r + dr < h and 0 <= c + dc < w\n    ]\n"
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

_target = None
_fn_name = 'get_neighbourhood'
if _fn_name:
    if "Solution" in ns:
        try:
            _obj = ns["Solution"]()
            if hasattr(_obj, _fn_name):
                _target = getattr(_obj, _fn_name)
        except Exception:
            _target = None
    if _target is None and _fn_name in ns and callable(ns[_fn_name]):
        _target = ns[_fn_name]
# Fallback: if there's exactly one user-defined function, use it
if _target is None:
    _cands = [v for k, v in ns.items() if callable(v) and getattr(v, "__module__", "") in ("__judge__", "__main__")]
    _user_funcs = [c for c in _cands if getattr(c, "__name__", "").startswith("_") is False]
    if len(_user_funcs) == 1:
        _target = _user_funcs[0]
if _target is None:
    raise RuntimeError(f"Could not resolve callable '{_fn_name}'")

_raw = sys.stdin.read().strip()
if _raw:
    _parsed = json.loads(_raw)
    if isinstance(_parsed, dict):
        _kwargs = _parsed.get("kwargs", {})
        _args = _parsed.get("args", [])
    else:
        _args, _kwargs = _parsed, {}
else:
    _args, _kwargs = [], {}
if not isinstance(_args, (list, tuple)):
    _args = [_args]
_res = _target(*_args, **_kwargs)
try:
    sys.stdout.write(repr(_res) + "\n")
except Exception:
    pass

```

Measured memory_bytes: 5638