akhauriyash/Code-Regression huggingface dataset:
Complete the method that takes a boolean value and return a `"Yes"` string for `true`, or a `"No"` string for `false`.

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

def _disabled_input(*args, **kwargs):
    raise RuntimeError("input() is disabled in callable mode")
builtins.input = _disabled_input

ns = {"__name__": "__judge__"}  # prevent if __name__ == "__main__" blocks
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = "bool_to_word = {True: 'Yes', False: 'No'}.__getitem__"
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

_target = None
_fn_name = 'bool_to_word'
if _fn_name:
    if "Solution" in ns:
        try:
            _obj = ns["Solution"]()
            if hasattr(_obj, _fn_name):
                _target = getattr(_obj, _fn_name)
        except Exception:
            _target = None
    if _target is None and _fn_name in ns and callable(ns[_fn_name]):
        _target = ns[_fn_name]
# Fallback: if there's exactly one user-defined function, use it
if _target is None:
    _cands = [v for k, v in ns.items() if callable(v) and getattr(v, "__module__", "") in ("__judge__", "__main__")]
    _user_funcs = [c for c in _cands if getattr(c, "__name__", "").startswith("_") is False]
    if len(_user_funcs) == 1:
        _target = _user_funcs[0]
if _target is None:
    raise RuntimeError(f"Could not resolve callable '{_fn_name}'")

_raw = sys.stdin.read().strip()
if _raw:
    _parsed = json.loads(_raw)
    if isinstance(_parsed, dict):
        _kwargs = _parsed.get("kwargs", {})
        _args = _parsed.get("args", [])
    else:
        _args, _kwargs = _parsed, {}
else:
    _args, _kwargs = [], {}
if not isinstance(_args, (list, tuple)):
    _args = [_args]
_res = _target(*_args, **_kwargs)
try:
    sys.stdout.write(repr(_res) + "\n")
except Exception:
    pass

```

Measured memory_bytes: 5260
A permutation $p_1,p_2...p_N$ of $\{1, 2, ..., N\}$ is beautiful if $p_i \& p_{i+1}$ is greater than 0 for every $1 \leq i < N$ . You are given an integer $N$, and your task is toconstruct a beautiful permutation of length $N$ or determine that it's impossible.
Note that $a \& b$ denotes the bitwise AND of $a$ and $b$.

-----Input:-----
First line will contain $T$, number of testcases. Then the testcases follow. 
Each testcase contains a single line of input, an integer $N$.

-----Output:-----
For each test case output $-1$ if there is no suitable permutation of length $N$, otherwise output $N$ integers in a single line which form a beautiful permutation. If there are multiple answers output any of them.

-----Constraints-----
- $1 \leq N \leq 10^5$
- The sum of $N$ over all test cases does not exceed $10^6$

-----Subtasks-----
- 50 points : $1 \leq N,T \leq 9$
- 50 points : Original constraints

-----Sample Input:-----
3
4
3
5

-----Sample Output:-----
-1
1 3 2
2 3 1 5 4

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

ns = {"__name__": "__main__"}
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = '\ndef func(n):\n k = n\n if k == 1:\n  return [1]\n while k%2 == 0:\n  k = k//2\n # print(k)\n if k == 1:\n  return -1\n ans = [i for i in range(1,n+1)]\n i = 2\n while i < n:\n  ans[i-1], ans[i] = ans[i], ans[i-1]\n  i *= 2\n if n < 4:\n  return ans\n return [2,3,1,5,4] + ans[5:]\n # return ans\n\n\nfor _ in range(int(input())):\n n = int(input())\n # n,k = [int(j) for j in input().split()]\n # a = [int(j) for j in input().split()]\n ans = func(n)\n if type(ans) == int:\n  print(-1)\n else:\n  print(*ans)\n'
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

```

Measured memory_bytes: 13067
Given a number **n**, return the number of positive odd numbers below **n**, EASY!

Expect large Inputs!

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

def _disabled_input(*args, **kwargs):
    raise RuntimeError("input() is disabled in callable mode")
builtins.input = _disabled_input

ns = {"__name__": "__judge__"}  # prevent if __name__ == "__main__" blocks
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = 'def odd_count(n):\n    diff = n/2\n    return int(diff)\n'
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

_target = None
_fn_name = 'odd_count'
if _fn_name:
    if "Solution" in ns:
        try:
            _obj = ns["Solution"]()
            if hasattr(_obj, _fn_name):
                _target = getattr(_obj, _fn_name)
        except Exception:
            _target = None
    if _target is None and _fn_name in ns and callable(ns[_fn_name]):
        _target = ns[_fn_name]
# Fallback: if there's exactly one user-defined function, use it
if _target is None:
    _cands = [v for k, v in ns.items() if callable(v) and getattr(v, "__module__", "") in ("__judge__", "__main__")]
    _user_funcs = [c for c in _cands if getattr(c, "__name__", "").startswith("_") is False]
    if len(_user_funcs) == 1:
        _target = _user_funcs[0]
if _target is None:
    raise RuntimeError(f"Could not resolve callable '{_fn_name}'")

_raw = sys.stdin.read().strip()
if _raw:
    _parsed = json.loads(_raw)
    if isinstance(_parsed, dict):
        _kwargs = _parsed.get("kwargs", {})
        _args = _parsed.get("args", [])
    else:
        _args, _kwargs = _parsed, {}
else:
    _args, _kwargs = [], {}
if not isinstance(_args, (list, tuple)):
    _args = [_args]
_res = _target(*_args, **_kwargs)
try:
    sys.stdout.write(repr(_res) + "\n")
except Exception:
    pass

```

Measured memory_bytes: 5326
Lots of geeky customers visit our chef's restaurant everyday. So, when asked to fill the feedback form, these customers represent the feedback using a binary string (i.e a string that contains only characters '0' and '1'. 

Now since chef is not that great in deciphering binary strings, he has decided the following criteria to classify the feedback as Good or Bad : 

If the string contains the substring "010" or "101", then the feedback is Good, else it is Bad. Note that, to be Good it is not necessary to have both of them as substring.

So given some binary strings, you need to output whether according to the chef, the strings are Good or Bad. 

-----Input-----
The first line contains an integer T denoting the number of feedbacks. Each of the next T lines contains a string composed of only '0'  and '1'.

-----Output-----
For every test case, print in a single line Good or Bad as per the Chef's method of classification.

-----Constraints-----
-  1 ≤  T ≤   100 
-  1  ≤  |S|   ≤  105 

Sum of length of all strings in one test file will not exceed 6*106.

-----Example-----
Input:
2
11111110
10101010101010

Output:
Bad
Good

-----Explanation-----
Example case 1.

The string doesn't contain 010 or 101 as substrings.

Example case 2.

The string contains both 010 and 101 as substrings.

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

ns = {"__name__": "__main__"}
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = "for _ in range(int(input())):\n s=input()\n if s.count('101')>0 or s.count('010')>0:\n  print('Good')\n else:\n  print('Bad')"
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

```

Measured memory_bytes: 12951
You are given a non-empty string s consisting of lowercase English letters. You have to pick exactly one non-empty substring of s and shift all its letters 'z' $\rightarrow$ 'y' $\rightarrow$ 'x' $\rightarrow \ldots \rightarrow$ 'b' $\rightarrow$ 'a' $\rightarrow$ 'z'. In other words, each character is replaced with the previous character of English alphabet and 'a' is replaced with 'z'.

What is the lexicographically minimum string that can be obtained from s by performing this shift exactly once?


-----Input-----

The only line of the input contains the string s (1 ≤ |s| ≤ 100 000) consisting of lowercase English letters.


-----Output-----

Print the lexicographically minimum string that can be obtained from s by shifting letters of exactly one non-empty substring.


-----Examples-----
Input
codeforces

Output
bncdenqbdr

Input
abacaba

Output
aaacaba



-----Note-----

String s is lexicographically smaller than some other string t of the same length if there exists some 1 ≤ i ≤ |s|, such that s_1 = t_1, s_2 = t_2, ..., s_{i} - 1 = t_{i} - 1, and s_{i} < t_{i}.

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

ns = {"__name__": "__main__"}
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = 's=input()\nn=len(s)\np=list(s)\ni=0\nwhile(s[i]==\'a\'):\n    i+=1\n    if i==n:\n        p[n-1]=\'z\'\n        s="".join(p)\n        print(s)\n        return\nwhile(s[i]!=\'a\'):\n    p[i]=chr(ord(s[i])-1)\n    i+=1\n    if i==n:\n        break\ns="".join(p)\nprint(s)\n'
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

```

Measured memory_bytes:
Chef loves lucky numbers. Everybody knows that lucky numbers are positive integers whose decimal representation contains only the lucky digits 4 and 7. For example, numbers 47, 744, 4 are lucky and 5, 17, 467 are not.

Chef has a positive integer N. He can apply any of the following operations as many times as he want in any order:

-  Add 1 to the number N.

-  Take some digit of N and replace it by any non-zero digit.

-  Add any non-zero leading digit to N.

Find the minimum number of operations that is needed for changing N to the lucky number.

-----Input-----
The first line contains a single positive integer T, the number of test cases. T test cases follow. The only line of each test case contains a positive integer N without leading zeros. 

-----Output-----
For each T test cases print one integer, the minimum number of operations that is needed for changing N to the lucky number.

-----Constraints-----

1 ≤ T ≤ 10

1 ≤ N < 10100000

-----Example-----
Input:
3
25
46
99

Output:
2
1
2

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

ns = {"__name__": "__main__"}
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = "# cook your dish here\nfor _ in range(int(input())):\n    N=input().strip()\n    c=0\n    for i in N:\n        if i!='4' and i!='7':\n            c+=1\n    \n    print(c)\n    \n        \n"
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

```

Measured memory_bytes: 12911
We all know Gru loves Agnes very much. One day Agnes asked Gru to answer some of her queries. She lined up $N$ minions in a straight line from $1$ to $N$. 
You are given an array $A$ which contains the height of minions. Agnes will ask him several queries. In each query, Gru has to tell whether the bitwise AND of  $A[L \ldots R]$ is EVEN or ODD. Since Gru is busy planning the biggest heist on Earth, he asks for your help.

-----Input:-----
- First line of the input contains an integer $T$ denoting the number of test cases.
For each test case:-
- First line contains an integer $N$ denoting the number of elements.
- Second line contains $N$ spaced integer representing array elements.
- Third line contains $Q$ representing number of query.
- Next $Q$ lines contains two integer $L$ and $R$ as defined above.

-----Output:-----
For each query, output "EVEN" or "ODD" without quotes.

-----Constraints-----
- $1 \leq T \leq 10$
- $1 \leq N \leq 10^5$
- $1 \leq A_i \leq 10^5$
- $1 \leq Q \leq 10^5$

-----Sample Input:-----
1
5
1 3 2 4 5
3
1 2 
1 5
3 4

-----Sample Output:-----
ODD
EVEN
EVEN

-----Explanation-----
- For the first query, the bitwise AND of 1 and 3 is 1, which is Odd. Hence the first output is ODD.
- For the third query, the bitwise AND of 2 and 4 is 0, which is Even. Hence the third output is EVEN.

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

ns = {"__name__": "__main__"}
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = 'for _ in range(int(input())):\n \n t = int(input())\n arr = list(map(int, input().split()))\n prearr = [0]\n cnt = 0\n \n for i in range(t):\n  if arr[i]%2==0:\n   cnt+=1\n   \n  prearr.append(cnt)\n \n for _ in range(int(input())):\n  l,r = map(int, input().split())\n  \n  tot = prearr[r]-prearr[l-1]\n  print("EVEN") if tot>0 else print("ODD")'
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

```

Measured memory_bytes: 13293
Each number should be formatted that it is rounded to two decimal places. You don't need to check whether the input is a valid number because only valid numbers are used in the tests.
```
Example:    
5.5589 is rounded 5.56   
3.3424 is rounded 3.34
```

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

def _disabled_input(*args, **kwargs):
    raise RuntimeError("input() is disabled in callable mode")
builtins.input = _disabled_input

ns = {"__name__": "__judge__"}  # prevent if __name__ == "__main__" blocks
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = 'def two_decimal_places(n):\n    a = round(n, 2)\n    return a\n    \n'
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

_target = None
_fn_name = 'two_decimal_places'
if _fn_name:
    if "Solution" in ns:
        try:
            _obj = ns["Solution"]()
            if hasattr(_obj, _fn_name):
                _target = getattr(_obj, _fn_name)
        except Exception:
            _target = None
    if _target is None and _fn_name in ns and callable(ns[_fn_name]):
        _target = ns[_fn_name]
# Fallback: if there's exactly one user-defined function, use it
if _target is None:
    _cands = [v for k, v in ns.items() if callable(v) and getattr(v, "__module__", "") in ("__judge__", "__main__")]
    _user_funcs = [c for c in _cands if getattr(c, "__name__", "").startswith("_") is False]
    if len(_user_funcs) == 1:
        _target = _user_funcs[0]
if _target is None:
    raise RuntimeError(f"Could not resolve callable '{_fn_name}'")

_raw = sys.stdin.read().strip()
if _raw:
    _parsed = json.loads(_raw)
    if isinstance(_parsed, dict):
        _kwargs = _parsed.get("kwargs", {})
        _args = _parsed.get("args", [])
    else:
        _args, _kwargs = _parsed, {}
else:
    _args, _kwargs = [], {}
if not isinstance(_args, (list, tuple)):
    _args = [_args]
_res = _target(*_args, **_kwargs)
try:
    sys.stdout.write(repr(_res) + "\n")
except Exception:
    pass

```

Measured memory_bytes: 5322
Complete the solution so that it returns the number of times the search_text is found within the full_text. 

Usage example:

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

def _disabled_input(*args, **kwargs):
    raise RuntimeError("input() is disabled in callable mode")
builtins.input = _disabled_input

ns = {"__name__": "__judge__"}  # prevent if __name__ == "__main__" blocks
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = 'def solution(full_text, search_text):\n    c = 0\n    for i in range(len(full_text)-len(search_text)+1):\n        if full_text[i:i+len(search_text)] == search_text:\n            c+=1\n    return c'
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

_target = None
_fn_name = 'solution'
if _fn_name:
    if "Solution" in ns:
        try:
            _obj = ns["Solution"]()
            if hasattr(_obj, _fn_name):
                _target = getattr(_obj, _fn_name)
        except Exception:
            _target = None
    if _target is None and _fn_name in ns and callable(ns[_fn_name]):
        _target = ns[_fn_name]
# Fallback: if there's exactly one user-defined function, use it
if _target is None:
    _cands = [v for k, v in ns.items() if callable(v) and getattr(v, "__module__", "") in ("__judge__", "__main__")]
    _user_funcs = [c for c in _cands if getattr(c, "__name__", "").startswith("_") is False]
    if len(_user_funcs) == 1:
        _target = _user_funcs[0]
if _target is None:
    raise RuntimeError(f"Could not resolve callable '{_fn_name}'")

_raw = sys.stdin.read().strip()
if _raw:
    _parsed = json.loads(_raw)
    if isinstance(_parsed, dict):
        _kwargs = _parsed.get("kwargs", {})
        _args = _parsed.get("args", [])
    else:
        _args, _kwargs = _parsed, {}
else:
    _args, _kwargs = [], {}
if not isinstance(_args, (list, tuple)):
    _args = [_args]
_res = _target(*_args, **_kwargs)
try:
    sys.stdout.write(repr(_res) + "\n")
except Exception:
    pass

```

Measured memory_bytes: 5440
Chef loves to play with arrays by himself. Today, he has an array A consisting of N distinct integers. He wants to perform the following operation on his array A.

- Select a pair of adjacent integers and remove the larger one of these two. This decreases the array size by 1. Cost of this operation will be equal to the smaller of them.

Find out minimum sum of costs of operations needed to convert the array into a single element.

-----Input-----
First line of input contains a single integer T denoting the number of test cases. First line of each test case starts with an integer N denoting the size of the array A. Next line of input contains N space separated integers, where the ith integer denotes the value Ai.

-----Output-----
For each test case, print the minimum cost required for the transformation.

-----Constraints-----
- 1 ≤ T ≤ 10 
- 2 ≤ N ≤ 50000 
- 1 ≤ Ai ≤ 105 

-----Subtasks-----
- Subtask 1 : 2 ≤ N ≤ 15 : 35 pts 
- Subtask 2 : 2 ≤ N ≤ 100 : 25 pts 
- Subtask 3 : 2 ≤ N ≤ 50000 : 40 pts 

-----Example-----
Input
2
2
3 4
3
4 2 5

Output
3
4

-----Explanation-----Test 1 :  Chef will make only 1 move: pick up both the elements (that is, 3 and 4), remove the larger one (4), incurring a cost equal to the smaller one (3).

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

ns = {"__name__": "__main__"}
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = 't=int(input())\nfor i in range(t):\n n=int(input())\n a=list(map(int,input().split()))\n a.sort()\n s=0\n while(len(a)>1):\n   a.remove(a[1])\n   s=s+a[0]\n print(s)\n \n'
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

```

Measured memory_bytes: 13139
=====Function Descriptions=====
One of the built-in functions of Python is divmod, which takes two arguments a and b and returns a tuple containing the quotient of first and then the remainder.

=====Problem Statement=====
For example:
>>> print divmod(177,10)
(17, 7)

Here, the integer division is 177/10 => 17 and the modulo operator is 177%10 => 7.

Task
Read in two integers, a and b, and print three lines.
The first line is the integer division a//b (While using Python2 remember to import division from __future__).
The second line is the result of the modulo operator: a%b.
The third line prints the divmod of a and b.

=====Input Format=====
The first line contains the first integer, a, and the second line contains the second integer, b.

=====Output Format=====
Print the result as described above.

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

ns = {"__name__": "__main__"}
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = '# Enter your code here. Read input from STDIN. Print output to STDOUT\na=int(input())\nb=int(input())\nd=divmod(a,b)\nprint((d[0]))\nprint((d[1]))\nprint(d)\n'
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

```

Measured memory_bytes: 12897
Complete the method that takes a boolean value and return a `"Yes"` string for `true`, or a `"No"` string for `false`.

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

def _disabled_input(*args, **kwargs):
    raise RuntimeError("input() is disabled in callable mode")
builtins.input = _disabled_input

ns = {"__name__": "__judge__"}  # prevent if __name__ == "__main__" blocks
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = 'bool_to_word = lambda b: "Yes" if b else "No"'
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

_target = None
_fn_name = 'bool_to_word'
if _fn_name:
    if "Solution" in ns:
        try:
            _obj = ns["Solution"]()
            if hasattr(_obj, _fn_name):
                _target = getattr(_obj, _fn_name)
        except Exception:
            _target = None
    if _target is None and _fn_name in ns and callable(ns[_fn_name]):
        _target = ns[_fn_name]
# Fallback: if there's exactly one user-defined function, use it
if _target is None:
    _cands = [v for k, v in ns.items() if callable(v) and getattr(v, "__module__", "") in ("__judge__", "__main__")]
    _user_funcs = [c for c in _cands if getattr(c, "__name__", "").startswith("_") is False]
    if len(_user_funcs) == 1:
        _target = _user_funcs[0]
if _target is None:
    raise RuntimeError(f"Could not resolve callable '{_fn_name}'")

_raw = sys.stdin.read().strip()
if _raw:
    _parsed = json.loads(_raw)
    if isinstance(_parsed, dict):
        _kwargs = _parsed.get("kwargs", {})
        _args = _parsed.get("args", [])
    else:
        _args, _kwargs = _parsed, {}
else:
    _args, _kwargs = [], {}
if not isinstance(_args, (list, tuple)):
    _args = [_args]
_res = _target(*_args, **_kwargs)
try:
    sys.stdout.write(repr(_res) + "\n")
except Exception:
    pass

```

Measured memory_bytes: 5274
Given n words w[1..n], which originate from the same stem (e.g. grace, graceful, disgraceful, gracefully), we are interested in the original stem. To simplify the problem, we define the stem as the longest consecutive substring that occurs in all the n words. If there are ties, we will choose the smallest one in the alphabetical (lexicographic) order.

-----Input-----
The first line contains an integer T denoting the total number of test cases.
In each test cases, the first line contains an integer n denoting the number of words. In the second line, n words w[1..n] consisting of lower case characters are given as a single space-spearated list.

-----Output-----
For each test case, output the stem in a new line.

-----Constraints-----
- 1 <= T <= 10
- 1 <= n <= 10
- 1 <= |w[i]| <= 20

-----Example-----
Input:
1
4
grace graceful disgraceful gracefully
Output:
grace

-----Explanation-----
The stem is grace.

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

ns = {"__name__": "__main__"}
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = 's = [ ]\n\ndef chk(st,n):\n  for x in s:\n    if st not in x :\n      return 0\n  return 1\n\nfor t in range(eval(input())):\n  n=eval(input())\n  s = list( input().split() )\n  \n  mx = -1\n  ans = ""\n  \n  for i in range(len(s[0])):\n    for j in range(i,len(s[0])):\n      if chk( s[0][i:j+1], n ):\n        if mx == j+1-i :\n          ans = min( ans, s[0][i:j+1] )\n        if mx < j+1-i :\n          mx = j+1-i\n          ans = s[0][i:j+1]\n  \n  print(ans)'
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

```

Measured memory_bytes: 17901
You are the principal of the Cake school in chefland and today is your birthday. You want to treat each of the children with a small cupcake which is made by you. But there is a problem, You don't know how many students are present today.
The students have gathered of the morning assembly in $R$ rows and $C$ columns. Now you have to calculate how many cakes you have to make such that each child gets a cupcake. 

-----Input:-----
- First-line will contain $T$, the number of test cases. Then the test cases follow. 
- Each test case contains a single line of input, two integers $R$ and $C$. 

-----Output:-----
For each test case, output number of cupcakes you have to make.

-----Constraints-----
- $1 \leq T \leq 1000$
- $2 \leq R,C \leq 10^6$

-----Sample Input:-----
1
5 10

-----Sample Output:-----
50

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

ns = {"__name__": "__main__"}
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = 'n = int(input())\nfor tc in range(n):\n    a,b = [int(x) for x in input().split()]\n    print(a*b)'
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

```

Measured memory_bytes: 12891
This kata is about multiplying a given number by eight if it is an even number and by nine otherwise.

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

def _disabled_input(*args, **kwargs):
    raise RuntimeError("input() is disabled in callable mode")
builtins.input = _disabled_input

ns = {"__name__": "__judge__"}  # prevent if __name__ == "__main__" blocks
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = 'simple_multiplication = lambda num: num * (8 + num%2)'
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

_target = None
_fn_name = 'simple_multiplication'
if _fn_name:
    if "Solution" in ns:
        try:
            _obj = ns["Solution"]()
            if hasattr(_obj, _fn_name):
                _target = getattr(_obj, _fn_name)
        except Exception:
            _target = None
    if _target is None and _fn_name in ns and callable(ns[_fn_name]):
        _target = ns[_fn_name]
# Fallback: if there's exactly one user-defined function, use it
if _target is None:
    _cands = [v for k, v in ns.items() if callable(v) and getattr(v, "__module__", "") in ("__judge__", "__main__")]
    _user_funcs = [c for c in _cands if getattr(c, "__name__", "").startswith("_") is False]
    if len(_user_funcs) == 1:
        _target = _user_funcs[0]
if _target is None:
    raise RuntimeError(f"Could not resolve callable '{_fn_name}'")

_raw = sys.stdin.read().strip()
if _raw:
    _parsed = json.loads(_raw)
    if isinstance(_parsed, dict):
        _kwargs = _parsed.get("kwargs", {})
        _args = _parsed.get("args", [])
    else:
        _args, _kwargs = _parsed, {}
else:
    _args, _kwargs = [], {}
if not isinstance(_args, (list, tuple)):
    _args = [_args]
_res = _target(*_args, **_kwargs)
try:
    sys.stdout.write(repr(_res) + "\n")
except Exception:
    pass

```

Measured memory_bytes: 5284
The chef is trying to decode some pattern problems, Chef wants your help to code it. Chef has one number K to form a new pattern. Help the chef to code this pattern problem.

-----Input:-----
- First-line will contain $T$, the number of test cases. Then the test cases follow. 
- Each test case contains a single line of input, one integer $K$. 

-----Output:-----
For each test case, output as the pattern.

-----Constraints-----
- $1 \leq T \leq 10$
- $1 \leq K \leq 10$

-----Sample Input:-----
4
1
2
3
4

-----Sample Output:-----
0 
0 
1 1 
0 
1 1 
2 3 5 
0 
1 1 
2 3 5 
8 13 21 34  

-----EXPLANATION:-----
No need, else pattern can be decode easily.

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

ns = {"__name__": "__main__"}
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = 't=int(input())\nfor i in range(t):\n s=0\n r=1\n n=int(input())\n for j in range(0,n+1):\n  for k in range(0,j):\n   print(s,end=" ")\n   p=r+s\n   s,r=r,p\n  print()\n'
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

```

Measured memory_bytes: 12975
You are playing a game where you have been sent in a town to collect 10 types of coin and their symbol are defined with $A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H , I, J$. In that town every enemy have a coin. By killing one you will get a coin from that enemy. Each enemy have only a unique coin.
The challange of the game is You have to collect all the coin and only then you will get the victory. You are a brave gamer so you took this hard challange and successfully finished it. After finishing, you are thinking of the game. You know the order off collecting coin. Now you are thinking how many enemy did you have killed?
Can you solve that out?

-----Input:-----
First line of the input is an integer $T$.Next T line consists of a string which denotes the order of your collecting coins. The string consists of Uppercase latin latter only and from A to J.

-----Output:-----
Print T line, in each line an integer with the number of enemy you have killed in the operation.

-----Constraints-----
- $1 \leq T \leq 5000$

-----Sample Input:-----
1
ABCDEFGHIJ

-----Sample Output:-----
10

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

ns = {"__name__": "__main__"}
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = 't=int(input())\nfor _ in range(t):\n print(10)\n  \n'
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

```

Measured memory_bytes: 12795