#-swank
(unless (member :child-sbcl *features*)
  (quit
   :unix-status
   (process-exit-code
    (run-program *runtime-pathname*
                 `("--control-stack-size" "256MB"
                   "--noinform" "--disable-ldb" "--lose-on-corruption" "--end-runtime-options"
                   "--eval" "(push :child-sbcl *features*)"
                   "--script" ,(namestring *load-pathname*))
                 :output t :error t :input t))))

(in-package :cl-user)
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute)
  (sb-int:defconstant-eqx opt
    #+swank '(optimize (speed 3) (safety 2))
    #-swank '(optimize (speed 3) (safety 0) (debug 0))
    #'equal)
  #+swank (ql:quickload '(:cl-debug-print :fiveam) :silent t)
  #-swank (set-dispatch-macro-character
           #\# #\> (lambda (s c p) (declare (ignore c p)) `(values ,(read s nil nil t)))))
#+swank (set-dispatch-macro-character #\# #\> #'cl-debug-print:debug-print-reader)

(macrolet ((def-int (b)
             `(progn (deftype ,(intern (format nil "UINT~A" b)) () '(unsigned-byte ,b))
                     (deftype ,(intern (format nil "INT~A" b)) () '(signed-byte ,b))))
           (defs (&rest bits) `(progn ,@(mapcar (lambda (b) `(def-int ,b)) bits))))
  (defs 2 4 7 8 15 16 31 32 62 63 64))

(defconstant +mod+ 1000000007)

(defmacro dbg (&rest forms)
  #+swank (if (= (length forms) 1)
              `(format *error-output* "~A => ~A~%" ',(car forms) ,(car forms))
              `(format *error-output* "~A => ~A~%" ',forms `(,,@forms)))
  #-swank (declare (ignore forms)))

(declaim (inline println))
(defun println (obj &optional (stream *standard-output*))
  (let ((*read-default-float-format* 'double-float))
    (prog1 (princ obj stream) (terpri stream))))

;; BEGIN_INSERTED_CONTENTS
(defpackage :cp/read-fixnum
  (:use :cl)
  (:export #:read-fixnum))
(in-package :cp/read-fixnum)

(declaim (ftype (function * (values fixnum &optional)) read-fixnum))
(defun read-fixnum (&optional (in *standard-input*))
  "NOTE: cannot read -2^62"
  (macrolet ((%read-byte ()
               `(the (unsigned-byte 8)
                     #+swank (char-code (read-char in nil #\Nul))
                     #-swank (sb-impl::ansi-stream-read-byte in nil #.(char-code #\Nul) nil))))
    (let* ((minus nil)
           (result (loop (let ((byte (%read-byte)))
                           (cond ((<= 48 byte 57)
                                  (return (- byte 48)))
                                 ((zerop byte) ; #\Nul
                                  (error "Read EOF or #\Nul."))
                                 ((= byte #.(char-code #\-))
                                  (setq minus t)))))))
      (declare ((integer 0 #.most-positive-fixnum) result))
      (loop
        (let* ((byte (%read-byte)))
          (if (<= 48 byte 57)
              (setq result (+ (- byte 48)
                              (* 10 (the (integer 0 #.(floor most-positive-fixnum 10))
                                         result))))
              (return (if minus (- result) result))))))))

(defpackage :cp/shuffle
  (:use :cl)
  (:export #:shuffle!))
(in-package :cp/shuffle)

(declaim (inline shuffle!))
(defun shuffle! (vector &optional (start 0) end)
  "Destructively shuffles VECTOR by Fisher-Yates algorithm."
  (declare (vector vector)
           ((mod #.array-total-size-limit) start)
           ((or null (mod #.array-total-size-limit)) end))
  (loop for i from (- (or end (length vector)) 1) above start
        for j = (+ start (random (- (+ i 1) start)))
        do (rotatef (aref vector i) (aref vector j)))
  vector)

;; BEGIN_USE_PACKAGE
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute)
  (use-package :cp/shuffle :cl-user))
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute)
  (use-package :cp/read-fixnum :cl-user))
(in-package :cl-user)

;;;
;;; Body
;;;

(defun solve (root graph)
  (declare #.cl-user::opt
           ((simple-array list (*)) graph))
  (let ((res 1))
    (declare (uint31 res))
    (sb-int:named-let dfs ((v root) (parent -1))
      (let ((deg 0)
            (antenna 0))
        (declare (uint31 deg antenna))
        (dolist (child (aref graph v))
          (unless (= child parent)
            (incf deg)
            (when (dfs child v)
              (incf antenna))))
        (assert (>= deg antenna))
        (let ((delta (max (- deg antenna 1) 0)))
          (incf res delta)
          (> (+ antenna delta) 0))))
    res))

(defun main ()
  (let* ((n (read))
         (graph (make-array n :element-type 'list :initial-element nil))
         (degs (make-array n :element-type 'uint31 :initial-element 0)))
    (dotimes (i (- n 1))
      (let ((a (read-fixnum))
            (b (read-fixnum)))
        (incf (aref degs a))
        (incf (aref degs b))
        (push a (aref graph b))
        (push b (aref graph a))))
    (let ((roots (coerce (loop for i below n
                               when (= 1 (aref degs i))
                               collect i)
                         '(simple-array uint31 (*)))))
      (shuffle! roots)
      (println (loop for i below (min 200 (length roots))
                     for root = (aref roots i)
                     minimize (solve root graph))))))

#-swank (main)

;;;
;;; Test and benchmark
;;;

#+swank
(defun get-clipbrd ()
  (with-output-to-string (out)
    #+os-windows (run-program "powershell.exe" '("-Command" "Get-Clipboard") :output out :search t)
    #+os-unix (run-program "xsel" '("-b" "-o") :output out :search t)))

#+swank (defparameter *this-pathname* (uiop:current-lisp-file-pathname))
#+swank (defparameter *dat-pathname* (uiop:merge-pathnames* "test.dat" *this-pathname*))

#+swank
(defun run (&optional thing (out *standard-output*))
  "THING := null | string | symbol | pathname

null: run #'MAIN using the text on clipboard as input.
string: run #'MAIN using the string as input.
symbol: alias of FIVEAM:RUN!.
pathname: run #'MAIN using the text file as input."
  (let* ((*standard-output* (or out (make-string-output-stream)))
         (res (etypecase thing
                (null
                 (with-input-from-string (*standard-input* (delete #\Return (get-clipbrd)))
                   (main)))
                (string
                 (with-input-from-string (*standard-input* (delete #\Return thing))
                   (main)))
                (symbol (5am:run! thing))
                (pathname
                 (with-open-file (*standard-input* thing)
                   (main))))))
    (if out res (get-output-stream-string *standard-output*))))

#+swank
(defun gen-dat ()
  (uiop:with-output-file (out *dat-pathname* :if-exists :supersede)
    (format out "")))

#+swank
(defun bench (&optional (out (make-broadcast-stream)))
  (time (run *dat-pathname* out)))

#-swank
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel)
  (when (and (boundp 'sb-c::*compiler-warning-count*)
             (> sb-c::*compiler-warning-count* 0))
    (sb-ext:quit :unix-status 1)))

;; To run: (5am:run! :sample)
#+swank
(5am:test :sample
  (5am:is
   (equal "2
"
          (run "5
0 1
0 2
0 3
3 4
" nil)))
  (5am:is
   (equal "1
"
          (run "2
0 1
" nil)))
  (5am:is
   (equal "3
"
          (run "10
2 8
6 0
4 1
7 6
2 3
8 6
6 9
2 4
5 8
" nil))))


Measured memory_bytes: 37952