In computer science, cycle detection is the algorithmic problem of finding a cycle in a sequence of iterated function values.

For any function ƒ, and any initial value x0 in S, the sequence of iterated function values

    x0,x1=f(x0), x2=f(x1), ...,xi=f(x{i-1}),...

may eventually use the same value twice under some assumptions: S finite, f periodic ... etc. So there will be some `i ≠ j` such that `xi = xj`. Once this happens, the sequence must continue by repeating the cycle of values from `xi to xj−1`. Cycle detection is the problem of finding `i` and `j`, given `ƒ` and `x0`. Let `μ` be the smallest index such that the value associated will reappears and `λ` the smallest value such that `xμ = xλ+μ, λ` is the loop length.

Example:

Consider the sequence: 
```
2, 0, 6, 3, 1, 6, 3, 1, 6, 3, 1, ....
```

The cycle in this value sequence is 6, 3, 1.
μ is 2 (first 6)
λ is 3 (length of the sequence or difference between position of consecutive 6).

The goal of this kata is to build a function that will return `[μ,λ]` when given a short sequence. Simple loops will be sufficient. The sequence will be given in the form of an array. All array will be valid sequence associated with deterministic function. It means that the sequence will repeat itself when a value is reached a second time. (So you treat two cases: non repeating [1,2,3,4] and repeating [1,2,1,2], no hybrid cases like [1,2,1,4]). If there is no repetition you should return []. 


This kata is followed by two other cycle detection algorithms: 
Loyd's: http://www.codewars.com/kata/cycle-detection-floyds-tortoise-and-the-hare
Bret's: http://www.codewars.com/kata/cycle-detection-brents-tortoise-and-hare

```python

USER_FILENAME = "<user_code>"
import sys, json, builtins
import math, heapq, bisect, itertools, functools, collections, statistics, fractions, decimal, operator, array, random, re, string, os, pathlib
try:
    import resource as _res
except Exception:
    _res = None
from collections import Counter, defaultdict, deque, OrderedDict
from functools import lru_cache, reduce
from itertools import accumulate, permutations, combinations, product
from math import gcd, ceil, floor, sqrt
from decimal import Decimal
try:
    from typing import *
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    sys.setrecursionlimit(1_000_000)
except Exception:
    pass
try:
    import site as _site
    try:
        _sys_sites = _site.getsitepackages() if hasattr(_site, "getsitepackages") else []
        for _p in _sys_sites:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
    try:
        _usp = _site.getusersitepackages()
        if isinstance(_usp, str):
            _usp = [_usp]
        for _p in _usp:
            if _p and _p not in sys.path:
                sys.path.append(_p)
    except Exception:
        pass
except Exception:
    pass

def _disabled_input(*args, **kwargs):
    raise RuntimeError("input() is disabled in callable mode")
builtins.input = _disabled_input

ns = {"__name__": "__judge__"}  # prevent if __name__ == "__main__" blocks
for _k, _v in list(globals().items()):
    if not _k.startswith("_"):
        ns[_k] = _v
_CODE = "import re\n\n\ndef cycle(sequence):\n    string = ' ' + ' '.join(str(n) for n in sequence)\n    pattern = re.compile(r'([\\d ]+)(\\1)')\n    matches = pattern.search(string)\n    \n    if matches is None:\n        return []\n        \n    seq = matches.group(1)\n    sequence = seq.strip().split()\n    not_in = int(string.replace(seq, '') or 0)\n    return [not_in, 1 if len(set(sequence)) == 1 else len(sequence)]"
_co = compile(_CODE, USER_FILENAME, "exec")
exec(_co, ns, ns)

_target = None
_fn_name = 'cycle'
if _fn_name:
    if "Solution" in ns:
        try:
            _obj = ns["Solution"]()
            if hasattr(_obj, _fn_name):
                _target = getattr(_obj, _fn_name)
        except Exception:
            _target = None
    if _target is None and _fn_name in ns and callable(ns[_fn_name]):
        _target = ns[_fn_name]
# Fallback: if there's exactly one user-defined function, use it
if _target is None:
    _cands = [v for k, v in ns.items() if callable(v) and getattr(v, "__module__", "") in ("__judge__", "__main__")]
    _user_funcs = [c for c in _cands if getattr(c, "__name__", "").startswith("_") is False]
    if len(_user_funcs) == 1:
        _target = _user_funcs[0]
if _target is None:
    raise RuntimeError(f"Could not resolve callable '{_fn_name}'")

_raw = sys.stdin.read().strip()
if _raw:
    _parsed = json.loads(_raw)
    if isinstance(_parsed, dict):
        _kwargs = _parsed.get("kwargs", {})
        _args = _parsed.get("args", [])
    else:
        _args, _kwargs = _parsed, {}
else:
    _args, _kwargs = [], {}
if not isinstance(_args, (list, tuple)):
    _args = [_args]
_res = _target(*_args, **_kwargs)
try:
    sys.stdout.write(repr(_res) + "\n")
except Exception:
    pass

```

Measured memory_bytes: 40161