#include "bits/stdc++.h"
using namespace std;
#define ll long long
#define endl '\n'
#define rep(i, n) for(int i = 0; i < (int)(n); i++)
#define rep2(i,a,b) for(int i=int(a);i<int(b);i++)
#define pb emplace_back
#define all(x) (x).begin(),(x).end()
int mod=1e9+7;
int mod2=998244353;
const int INF=1e9;
//g++ -std=c++11 a.cpp

signed main(){
	string s;
    cin>>s;
    ll id;
    rep(i,s.size()){
        if(s[i]=='*'){
            id=i;
            break;
        }
    }
    ll lcnt=0;
    ll rcnt=0;
    rep(i,id){
        if(s[i]=='(')lcnt++;
        else lcnt--;
    }
    rep2(i,id+1,s.size()){
        if(s[i]==')')rcnt++;
        else rcnt--;
    }
    cout<<min(lcnt,rcnt)<<endl;
}

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