using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.Immutable;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Numerics;
using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.X86;
using System.Text;
using static Solve.Methods;
using static Solve.Input;
using static Solve.Output;
using static System.Math;

namespace Solve
{
    public partial class Solver
    {
        public void Main() {
            var (N, M, S) = Int;

            var Graph = new List<(int to, int cost, long time)>[N];
            rep(N,i=>Graph[i]=new List<(int to, int cost, long time)>());
            rep(M, i => {
                var (u, v, a, b) = Int;
                --u;
                --v;
                Graph[u].Add((v,a,b));
                Graph[v].Add((u,a,b));
            });
            var Exchanges = new (long count, long time)[N];
            for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
                var (c, d) = Int;
                Exchanges[i] = (c, d);
            }
            
            
            var wGraph = new WeightGraph(2501 * N);
            // i / 2500 & i % 2500
            rep(N, i => {
                for (int coin = 0; coin <= 2500; ++coin) {
                    foreach ((int to, int cost, long time) in Graph[i]) {
                        if (coin < cost) continue;
                        wGraph.AddEdge(2501 * i + coin, 2501 * to + coin - cost, time);
                    }
                }

                {
                    (long count, long time) = Exchanges[i];
                    for (int coin = 0; coin <= 2500; ++coin) {
                        wGraph.AddEdge(
                            2501 * i + coin,
                            2501 * i + (int) Min(coin + count, 2500L),
                            time
                        );
                    }
                }
                {
                    for (int coin = 0; coin <= 2500; ++coin) {
                        wGraph.AddEdge(
                            2501 * i + coin,
                            2501 * i,
                            0
                        );
                    }
                }
            });

            var dijkstra = new Dijkstra(wGraph);
            var res = dijkstra.Run(Min(S,2500));
            for (int i = 1; i < N; i++) {
                print(res[i * 2501].Cost);
            }
            
        }
        

        const int MOD = 1_000_000_007;
    }
    public class PriorityQueue<T> where T : IComparable<T>
    {
        public bool Any() => Count > 0;
        public int Count { get; private set; }
        private readonly bool Descendance;
        private T[] data = new T[65536];

        public PriorityQueue(bool descendance = false) => Descendance = descendance;

        ///<remarks>O(1)</remarks>
        public T Top
        {
            [MethodImpl(256)]
            get
            {
                ValidateNonEmpty();
                return data[1];
            }
        }

        /// <remarks>O(log N)</remarks>
        public T Pop()
        {
            var top = Top;
            var elem = data[Count--];
            int index = 1;
            while (true)
            {
                if (index << 1 >= Count)
                {
                    if (index << 1 > Count) break;
                    if (elem.CompareTo(data[index << 1]) > 0 ^ Descendance) data[index] = data[index <<= 1];
                    else break;
                }
                else
                {
                    var nextIndex = data[index << 1].CompareTo(data[(index << 1) + 1]) <= 0 ^ Descendance
                        ? index << 1
                        : (index << 1) + 1;
                    if (elem.CompareTo(data[nextIndex]) > 0 ^ Descendance) data[index] = data[index = nextIndex];
                    else break;
                }
            }

            data[index] = elem;
            return top;
        }

        /// <remarks>O(log N)</remarks>
        public void Push(T value)
        {
            int index = ++Count;
            if (data.Length == Count) Extend(data.Length * 2);
            while (index >> 1 != 0)
            {
                if (data[index >> 1].CompareTo(value) > 0 ^ Descendance) data[index] = data[index >>= 1];
                else break;
            }

            data[index] = value;
        }

        private void Extend(int newSize)
        {
            T[] newDatas = new T[newSize];
            data.CopyTo(newDatas, 0);
            data = newDatas;
        }

        private void ValidateNonEmpty()
        {
            if (Count == 0) throw new Exception();
        }
    }
    public class Dijkstra
    {
        public struct Node : IComparable<Node>
        {
            public Node(int num, int from, long cost) =>
                (Number, From, Cost, To) = (num, from, cost, new List<(int, long)>());
            public readonly int Number;
            public int From { get; internal set; }
            public long Cost { get; internal set; }
            public List<(int to, long cost)> To;

            public static bool operator >(Node a, Node b) => a.Cost > b.Cost;
            public static bool operator <(Node a, Node b) => a.Cost < b.Cost;
            public int CompareTo(Node other) => Cost.CompareTo(other.Cost);
        }

        public const long INF = 1000000000000000100;
        private readonly int _n;
        private PriorityQueue<Node> _que;
        public readonly Node[] Nodes;

        public Dijkstra(int N)
        {
            Nodes = new Node[N];
            for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) Nodes[i] = new Node(i, i, INF);
            _n = N;
        }

        public Dijkstra(Graph<WeightEdge> graph) : this(graph.Length)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < _n; i++)
                Nodes[i].To.AddRange(graph[i].Select(x => (x.To, x.Cost)));
        }

        public void Add(int start, int end, long cost, bool undirected = false)
        {
            Validate(start, nameof(start));
            Validate(end, nameof(end));
            Nodes[start].To.Add((end, cost));
            if (undirected) Nodes[end].To.Add((start, cost));
        }

        /// <remarks>O((E+V) log V)</remarks>
        public Node[] Run(int start, long firstCost = 0)
        {
            Validate(start, nameof(start));
            _que = new PriorityQueue<Node>();
            var node = Nodes.Select(x => new Node(x.Number, x.From, x.Cost) {To = x.To.ToList()}).ToArray();
            node[start].Cost = firstCost;

            foreach (var (to, cost) in node[start].To)
            {
                node[to].Cost = cost + node[start].Cost;
                node[to].From = start;
                _que.Push(node[to]);
            }

            while (_que.Any())
            {
                var next = _que.Pop();
                if (next.Cost > node[next.Number].Cost) continue;
                foreach (var (to, cost) in next.To.
                    Where(t => node[t.to].Cost > next.Cost + t.cost))
                {
                    node[to].Cost = next.Cost + cost;
                    node[to].From = next.Number;
                    _que.Push(node[to]);
                }
            }

            return node;
        }

        public static Node[] Restore(IReadOnlyList<Node> nodes, int to)
        {
            var node = nodes[to];
            var list = new List<Node> {node};
            while (node.Number != node.From)
            {
                node = nodes[node.From];
                list.Add(node);
            }

            list.Reverse();
            return list.ToArray();
        }

        private void Validate(int val, string argument)
        {
            if (val < 0 || val >= _n)
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(argument);
        }
    }
    public interface IEdge
    {
        int To { get; }
        long Cost { get; }
    }
    public interface Graph<EdgeType> where EdgeType : IEdge
    {
        int Length { get; }
        List<EdgeType> this[int i] { get; }
        List<EdgeType>[] Graph { get; }
        void InputGraph(int m, in bool directed, in int offset);
    }
    public readonly struct WeightEdge : IEdge
    {
        public WeightEdge(int to, long cost) => (To, Cost) = (to, cost);
        public int To { get; }
        public long Cost { get; }
    }
    public class WeightGraph : Graph<WeightEdge>
    {
        public WeightGraph(int n)
        {
            Graph = new List<WeightEdge>[n]; 
            rep(n, i => Graph[i] = new List<WeightEdge>());
        }
        public int Length => Graph.Length;
        public List<WeightEdge> this[int i] => Graph[i];
        public List<WeightEdge>[] Graph { get; }
        public void InputGraph(int m, in bool directed = true, in int offset = 1)
        {
            while (m-- > 0)
            {
                var (a, b, c) = Input.next<int, int, long>();
                a -= offset;
                b -= offset;
                Graph[a].Add(new WeightEdge(b, c));
                if (!directed) Graph[b].Add(new WeightEdge(a, c));
            }
        }
        public void AddEdge(in int from, in int to, in long cost, in bool directed = true) 
        {
            Graph[from].Add(new WeightEdge(to, cost));
            if(!directed) Graph[to].Add(new WeightEdge(from, cost));
        }
    }
    
    public static class Methods
    {
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static bool Assert(in bool b, in string message = null) =>
            b ? true : throw new Exception(message ?? "Assert failed.");
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static string JoinSpace<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source) => source.Join(" ");
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static string JoinEndline<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source) => source.Join("\n");
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static string Join<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source, string s) =>
            string.Join(s, source);
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static string Join<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source, char c) =>
            string.Join(c.ToString(), source);
        public static long Gcd(long a, long b) {
            while (true) {
                if (a < b) (a, b) = (b, a);
                if (a % b == 0) return b;
                var x = a;
                a = b;
                b = x % b;
            }
        }
        public static long Lcm(long a, long b) => a / Gcd(a, b) * b;
        public static bool IsPrime(long value) {
            if (value <= 1) return false;
            for (long i = 2; i * i <= value; ++i)
                if (value % i == 0)
                    return false;
            return true;
        }
        public static long PowMod(long a, long b, long p) {
            long res = 1;
            while (b > 0) {
                if (b % 2 != 0) res = res * a % p;
                a = a * a % p;
                b >>= 1;
            }

            return res;
        }
        public static IEnumerable<long> Factors(long n) {
            Assert(n >= 0, "n must be greater than 0.");
            for (long i = 1; i * i <= n; ++i) {
                long div = DivRem(n, i, out long rem);
                if (rem > 0) continue;
                yield return div;
                if (i != div) yield return i;
            }
        }
        public static IEnumerable<int> Factors(int n) => Factors((long) n).Select(Convert.ToInt32);

        [MethodImpl(256)] public static int DivCeil(int a, int b) => (a + b - 1) / b;
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static long DivCeil(long a, long b) => (a + b - 1) / b;
        public static IEnumerable<T[]> Permutations<T>(IEnumerable<T> src) {
            var ret = new List<T[]>();
            Search(ret, new Stack<T>(), src.ToArray());
            return ret;

            static void Search(ICollection<T[]> perms, Stack<T> stack, T[] a) {
                int N = a.Length;
                if (N == 0) perms.Add(stack.Reverse().ToArray());
                else {
                    var b = new T[N - 1];
                    Array.Copy(a, 1, b, 0, N - 1);
                    for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; ++i) {
                        stack.Push(a[i]);
                        Search(perms, stack, b);
                        if (i < b.Length) b[i] = a[i];
                        stack.Pop();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        public static long BinarySearch(long low,
            long high,
            Func<long, bool> expression
        ) {
            while (low < high) {
                long middle = (high - low) / 2 + low;
                if (!expression(middle))
                    high = middle;
                else
                    low = middle + 1;
            }

            return high;
        }
        public static int LowerBound<T>(T[] arr,
            int start,
            int end,
            T value,
            IComparer<T> comparer
        ) {
            int low = start;
            int high = end;
            while (low < high) {
                var mid = ((high - low) >> 1) + low;
                if (comparer.Compare(arr[mid], value) < 0)
                    low = mid + 1;
                else
                    high = mid;
            }

            return low;
        }
        public static int LowerBound<T>(T[] arr, T value)
            where T : IComparable {
            return LowerBound(arr, 0, arr.Length, value, Comparer<T>.Default);
        }
        public static int UpperBound<T>(T[] arr,
            int start,
            int end,
            T value,
            IComparer<T> comparer
        ) {
            int low = start;
            int high = end;
            while (low < high) {
                var mid = ((high - low) >> 1) + low;
                if (comparer.Compare(arr[mid], value) <= 0)
                    low = mid + 1;
                else
                    high = mid;
            }

            return low;
        }
        public static int UpperBound<T>(T[] arr, T value) {
            return UpperBound(arr, 0, arr.Length, value, Comparer<T>.Default);
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static IEnumerable<TResult> Repeat<TResult>(TResult value,
            int count
        ) =>
            Enumerable.Repeat(value, count);
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static string AsString(this IEnumerable<char> source) =>
            new string(source.ToArray());
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static IEnumerable<long> CumSum(this IEnumerable<long> source) {
            long sum = 0;
            foreach (var item in source)
                yield return sum += item;
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static IEnumerable<int> CumSum(this IEnumerable<int> source) {
            int sum = 0;
            foreach (var item in source)
                yield return sum += item;
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static bool IsIn<T>(this T value, T l, T r)
            where T : IComparable<T> =>
            l.CompareTo(r) > 0
                ? throw new ArgumentException()
                : l.CompareTo(value) <= 0 && value.CompareTo(r) < 0;
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static bool IsIn(this in int value, in Range range) =>
            value.IsIn(range.Start.Value, range.End.Value);
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static bool IsIn(this in Index value, in Range range) =>
            value.IsFromEnd &&
            value.Value.IsIn(range.Start.Value, range.End.Value);
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static IEnumerable<int> Range(int start, int end, int step = 1) {
            for (var i = start; i < end; i += step) yield return i;
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static IEnumerable<int> Range(int end) => Range(0, end);
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static IEnumerable<int> Range(Range range, int step = 1) =>
            Range(range.Start.Value, range.End.Value, step);
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static T[] Sort<T>(this T[] arr)
            where T : IComparable<T> {
            var array = arr[..];
            Array.Sort(array);
            return array;
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static T[] Sort<T, U>(this T[] arr, Func<T, U> selector)
            where U : IComparable<U> {
            var array = arr[..];
            Array.Sort(array, (a, b) => selector(a).CompareTo(selector(b)));
            return array;
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static T[] SortDescending<T>(this T[] arr)
            where T : IComparable<T> {
            var array = arr[..];
            Array.Sort(array, (a, b) => b.CompareTo(a));
            return array;
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static T[] SortDescending<T, U>(this T[] arr,
            Func<T, U> selector
        ) where U : IComparable<U> {
            var array = arr[..];
            Array.Sort(array, (a, b) => selector(b).CompareTo(selector(a)));
            return array;
        }
        public static T[] Unique<T>(this IEnumerable<T> arr) {
            var source = arr.ToArray();
            var ret = new List<T>(source.Length);
            var set = new SortedSet<T>();
            ret.AddRange(source.Where(val => set.Add(val)));

            return ret.ToArray();
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static bool chmin<T>(ref T a, T b)
            where T : IComparable<T> {
            if (a.CompareTo(b) > 0) {
                a = b;
                return true;
            }

            return false;
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static bool chmax<T>(ref T a, T b)
            where T : IComparable<T> {
            if (a.CompareTo(b) < 0) {
                a = b;
                return true;
            }

            return false;
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static T[][] JaggedArray2D<T>(int a,
            int b,
            T defaultValue = default
        ) {
            var ret = new T[a][];
            for (int i = 0; i < a; ++i)
                ret[i] = Enumerable.Repeat(defaultValue, b).ToArray();
            return ret;
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static T[,] Array2D<T>(int a, int b, T defaultValue = default) {
            var ret = new T[a, b];
            for (int i = 0; i < a; ++i)
            for (int j = 0; j < b; ++j)
                ret[i, j] = defaultValue;
            return ret;
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static T[,] To2DArray<T>(this T[][] array) {
            if (!array.Any()) return new T[0, 0];

            int len = array[0].Length;
            if (array.Any(x => x.Length != len))
                throw new ArgumentException("array の各要素の長さが異なります。",
                    nameof(array));

            var ret = new T[array.Length, len];
            for (int i = 0; i < array.Length; ++i)
            for (int j = 0; j < len; ++j)
                ret[i, j] = array[i][j];
            return ret;
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static T Min<T>(params T[] col) => col.Min();
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static T Max<T>(params T[] col) => col.Max();
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static IEnumerable<(T, int)> WithIndex<T>(
            this IEnumerable<T> source
        ) =>
            source.Select((x, i) => (x, i));
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static (T, U, V)[] Zip<T, U, V>(
            IReadOnlyCollection<T> t,
            IReadOnlyCollection<U> u,
            IReadOnlyCollection<V> v
        ) {
            Assert(t.Count == u.Count && u.Count == v.Count);
            return t.Zip(u, (a, b) => (a, b))
                .Zip(v, (tuple, c) => (tuple.Item1, tuple.Item2, c)).ToArray();
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static void rep(in int start, in int end, Action<int> func) {
            for (int i = start; i < end; ++i) func(i);
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static void rep(in int end, Action<int> func) => rep(0, end, func);
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static void rep1(in int end, Action<int> func) => rep(1, end + 1, func);
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static void repr(in int end, Action<int> func) {
            for (int i = end - 1; i >= 0; --i) func(i);
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static void each<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source, Action<T> func) {
            foreach (var item in source) func(item);
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static void eachWithIndex<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source,
            Action<T, int> func
        ) {
            int index = 0;
            foreach (var item in source) func(item, index++);
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static int bit(in int x) => 1 << x;
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static long bitl(in int x) => 1L << x;
    }
    public static class Caluclation
    {
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static int Addition(int a, int b) => a + b;
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static long Addition(long a, long b) => a + b;
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static double Addition(double a, double b) => a + b;
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static int Xor(int a, int b) => a ^ b;
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static long Xor(long a, long b) => a ^ b;
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static int Multiplication(int a, int b) => a * b;
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static long Multiplication(long a, long b) => a * b;
    }
    public class UnorderedMap<T, U> : Dictionary<T, U>
    {
        public new U this[T k] {
            get =>
                TryGetValue(k, out var v) ? v : base[k] = default;
            set =>
                base[k] = value;
        }
    }
    public class Map<T, U> : SortedDictionary<T, U>
    {
        public new U this[T k] {
            get =>
                TryGetValue(k, out var v) ? v : base[k] = default;
            set =>
                base[k] = value;
        }
    }
    public class Scanner<T>
    {
        public T r => next<T>();
        public T next() => r;

        private IEnumerable<T> enumerable(int N) {
            for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) yield return r;
        }

        public T[] array(in int N) => enumerable(N).ToArray();
        public List<T> list(in int N) => enumerable(N).ToList();
        public T[,] array2d(in int N, in int M) => next2DArray<T>(N, M);
        public T[][] listArray(in int n) {
            var ret = new T[n][];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) ret[i] = array(next<int>());
            return ret;
        }

        public void Deconstruct(out T _1, out T _2) => (_1, _2) = (r, r);
        public void Deconstruct(out T _1, out T _2, out T _3) => (_1, _2, _3) = (r, r, r);
        public void Deconstruct(out T _1, out T _2, out T _3, out T _4) =>
            (_1, _2, _3, _4) = (r, r, r, r);
        public void Deconstruct(out T _1,
            out T _2,
            out T _3,
            out T _4,
            out T _5
        ) =>
            (_1, _2, _3, _4, _5) = (r, r, r, r, r);
        public void Deconstruct(out T _1,
            out T _2,
            out T _3,
            out T _4,
            out T _5,
            out T _6
        ) =>
            (_1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6) = (r, r, r, r, r, r);
        public void Deconstruct(out T _1,
            out T _2,
            out T _3,
            out T _4,
            out T _5,
            out T _6,
            out T _7
        ) =>
            (_1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7) = (r, r, r, r, r, r, r);
        public void Deconstruct(out T _1,
            out T _2,
            out T _3,
            out T _4,
            out T _5,
            out T _6,
            out T _7,
            out T _8
        ) =>
            (_1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8) = (r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r);
        public void Deconstruct(
            out T _1,
            out T _2,
            out T _3,
            out T _4,
            out T _5,
            out T _6,
            out T _7,
            out T _8,
            out T _9
        ) =>
            (_1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9) = (r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r);
        public void Deconstruct(
            out T _1,
            out T _2,
            out T _3,
            out T _4,
            out T _5,
            out T _6,
            out T _7,
            out T _8,
            out T _9,
            out T _10
        ) =>
            (_1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10) =
            (r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r, r);
        
        public static implicit operator T(Scanner<T> sc) => sc.r;
    }
    public static class Input
    {
        private const char _separator = ' ';
        private static readonly Queue<string> _input = new Queue<string>();
        private static readonly StreamReader sr =
#if FILE
            new StreamReader("in.txt");
#else
            new StreamReader(Console.OpenStandardInput());
#endif

        public static string ReadLine => sr.ReadLine();
        public static string ReadStr => Read;
        public static int ReadInt => int.Parse(Read);
        public static long ReadLong => long.Parse(Read);
        public static ulong ReadULong => ulong.Parse(Read);
        public static double ReadDouble => double.Parse(Read);
        public static BigInteger ReadBigInteger => BigInteger.Parse(Read);

        public static string Read {
            get {
                if (_input.Any()) return _input.Dequeue();

                foreach (var val in sr.ReadLine().Split(_separator))
                    _input.Enqueue(val);

                return _input.Dequeue();
            }
        }

        public static string next() => Read;
        public static T next<T>() =>
            default(T) switch {
                sbyte _ => (T) (object) (sbyte) ReadInt,
                short _ => (T) (object) (short) ReadInt,
                int _ => (T) (object) ReadInt,
                long _ => (T) (object) ReadLong,
                byte _ => (T) (object) (byte) ReadULong,
                ushort _ => (T) (object) (ushort) ReadULong,
                uint _ => (T) (object) (uint) ReadULong,
                ulong _ => (T) (object) ReadULong,
                float _ => (T) (object) (float) ReadDouble,
                double _ => (T) (object) ReadDouble,
                string _ => (T) (object) ReadStr,
                char _ => (T) (object) ReadStr[0],
                BigInteger _ => (T) (object) ReadBigInteger,
                _ => typeof(T) == typeof(string)
                    ? (T) (object) ReadStr
                    : throw new NotSupportedException(),
            };
        public static (T, U) next<T, U>() => (next<T>(), next<U>());
        public static (T, U, V) next<T, U, V>() => (next<T>(), next<U>(), next<V>());
        public static (T, U, V, W) next<T, U, V, W>() =>
            (next<T>(), next<U>(), next<V>(), next<W>());
        public static (T, U, V, W, X) next<T, U, V, W, X>() =>
            (next<T>(), next<U>(), next<V>(), next<W>(), next<X>());

        public static T[] nextArray<T>(in int size) {
            var ret = new T[size];
            for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) ret[i] = next<T>();
            return ret;
        }
        public static T[,] next2DArray<T>(int n, in int m) {
            var ret = new T[n, m];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
            for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j)
                ret[i, j] = next<T>();
            return ret;
        }
        public static (T[], U[]) nextArray<T, U>(in int size) {
            var ret1 = new T[size];
            var ret2 = new U[size];
            for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) (ret1[i], ret2[i]) = next<T, U>();
            return (ret1, ret2);
        }
        public static (T[], U[], V[]) nextArray<T, U, V>(in int size) {
            var ret1 = new T[size];
            var ret2 = new U[size];
            var ret3 = new V[size];
            for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
                (ret1[i], ret2[i], ret3[i]) = next<T, U, V>();
            return (ret1, ret2, ret3);
        }
    }
    public static class Output
    {
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static void print() => Console.WriteLine();
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static void print(in string s, bool endline = true) {
            if (endline) Console.WriteLine(s);
            else Console.Write(s);
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static void print(in int v, bool endline = true) {
            if (endline) Console.WriteLine(v);
            else Console.Write(v);
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static void print(in long v, bool endline = true) {
            if (endline) Console.WriteLine(v);
            else Console.Write(v);
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static void print(in ulong v, bool endline = true) {
            if (endline) Console.WriteLine(v);
            else Console.Write(v);
        }
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static void print(in bool b) => PrintBool(b);
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static void print(in object v) => Console.WriteLine(v);
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static void print<T>(in IEnumerable<T> array,
            string separator = " "
        ) =>
            Console.WriteLine(array.Join(separator));
        [MethodImpl(256)] public static void prints<T>(params T[] t) => print(t);
        
#if LOCAL
        [MethodImpl(256)]
        public static void debug<T>(in T value, bool endline = true) {
            if (endline) Console.WriteLine(value);
            else Console.Write(value);
        }
#else
        public static void debug(params object[] obj) { }
#endif

        private static void PrintBool(in bool val,
            in string yes = null,
            in string no = null
        ) =>
            print(val ? yes ?? _yes : no ?? _no);
        private static string _yes = "Yes", _no = "No";

        public static void SetYesNoString(in YesNoType t) => (_yes, _no) = YesNoString[t];
        public static void SetYesNoString(in string yes, in string no) => (_yes, _no) = (yes, no);

        private static readonly Dictionary<YesNoType, (string yes, string no)>
            YesNoString =
                new Dictionary<YesNoType, (string yes, string no)>() {
                    {YesNoType.Yes_No, ("Yes", "No")},
                    {YesNoType.YES_NO, ("YES", "NO")},
                    {YesNoType.Upper, ("YES", "NO")},
                    {YesNoType.yes_no, ("yes", "no")},
                    {YesNoType.Lower, ("yes", "no")},
                    {YesNoType.Possible_Impossible, ("Possible", "Impossible")},
                    {YesNoType.Yay, ("Yay!", ":(")},
                };

        public static readonly (string yes, string no)
            YN_Possible = ("Possible", "Impossible"),
            YN_lower = ("yes", "no"),
            YN_upper = ("YES", "NO"),
            YN_Yay = ("Yay!", ":(");

        public static void Yes() => print(_yes);
        public static void No() => print(_no);

        public static object cout {
            set => Console.WriteLine(value);
        }
#if LOCAL
        public static object dout {
            set => Console.WriteLine(value);
        }
#else
        public static object dout { set { } }
#endif
        public static object cerr {
            set => Console.Error.WriteLine(value);
        }

        public const string endl = "\n";

        public enum YesNoType { Yes_No, YES_NO, Upper, yes_no, Lower, Possible_Impossible, Yay }
    }
    public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args) {
            var sw = new StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardOutput()) {AutoFlush = false};
            Console.SetOut(sw);
            new Solver().Main();
            Console.Out.Flush();
        }
    }
    partial class Solver
    {
        readonly Scanner<int> Int;
        readonly Scanner<long> Long;
        readonly Scanner<string> String;
        public Solver() =>
            (Int, String, Long) = (new Scanner<int>(), new Scanner<string>(),
                new Scanner<long>());
        const int INF = 1000000010;
        const long LINF = 1000000000000000100;
        const double EPS = 1e-9;
        public static readonly int[] dx = {-1, 0, 0, 1}, dy = {0, 1, -1, 0};
    }
}


Measured memory_bytes: 120904