LSTM Position Regressor converges to the mean position of the minibatch

Torstein: <p>Quick warning: pretty new to pytorch and pytorch-lightning frameworks</p>
<p>I have a set of GPS-positions and want to train a recurrent neural network to predict the next position given a previous sequence of positions. While creating a simple model consisting of an LSTM-layer and a linear activation layer. I wanted to overfit a small batch (n=2), to confirm that the loss dropped to zero. Overfitting a single sample (n=1) results in zero loss, as expected.</p>
<p>However, while trying to overfit the batch with n=2, it never drops to zero, both predictions converges to <strong>the average of the two correct positions in the batch</strong>. Something is clearly wrong with the model, but I am unsure of how to proceed. My best guess is that something is wrong with the input dimensions to the linear layer.</p>
<p>To illustrate the predictions, the sample plots are given, where the blue dots are input positions, the orange dot is the prediction, and the green dot is the “answer”. As we can see, the orange dot is in the same position for both trajectories.<br>
<div class="lightbox-wrapper"><a class="lightbox" href="https://discuss.pytorch.org/uploads/default/original/3X/9/e/9e0c7da91aecbd04c19270131d3b83f0f6d60a75.png" data-download-href="https://discuss.pytorch.org/uploads/default/9e0c7da91aecbd04c19270131d3b83f0f6d60a75" title="error"><img src="https://discuss.pytorch.org/uploads/default/optimized/3X/9/e/9e0c7da91aecbd04c19270131d3b83f0f6d60a75_2_376x499.png" alt="error" data-base62-sha1="myacw1ijDBPv9H9r5fxlKyRZBIh" width="376" height="499" srcset="https://discuss.pytorch.org/uploads/default/optimized/3X/9/e/9e0c7da91aecbd04c19270131d3b83f0f6d60a75_2_376x499.png, https://discuss.pytorch.org/uploads/default/original/3X/9/e/9e0c7da91aecbd04c19270131d3b83f0f6d60a75.png 1.5x, https://discuss.pytorch.org/uploads/default/original/3X/9/e/9e0c7da91aecbd04c19270131d3b83f0f6d60a75.png 2x" data-dominant-color="F9F9F9"><div class="meta"><svg class="fa d-icon d-icon-far-image svg-icon" aria-hidden="true"><use href="#far-image"></use></svg><span class="filename">error</span><span class="informations">425×564 17.8 KB</span><svg class="fa d-icon d-icon-discourse-expand svg-icon" aria-hidden="true"><use href="#discourse-expand"></use></svg></div></a></div></p>
<p>I appreciate any and all feedback, and if this is the wrong place to ask for help, please tell me where to look!</p>
<p>Below I have provided a small reproducible example, which has pytorch_lightning, torch and matplotlib as dependencies.</p>
<pre><code class="lang-auto">import pytorch_lightning as pl
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader, TensorDataset

sequence_1 = [[5.13371, 62.25824], [5.13856, 62.36048], [5.143550, 62.362821], [5.14830, 62.36512]]
answer_1 = [5.153339, 62.36752]
sequence_2 = [[5.13856, 62.36048], [5.143550, 62.362821], [5.14830, 62.36512], [5.153339, 62.36752]]
answer_2 = [5.158045, 62.3675]

sequences = torch.Tensor([sequence_1, sequence_2]) # convert sequences to tensor
answers = torch.Tensor([answer_1, answer_2]) # convert answers to tensor

dataset = TensorDataset(sequences, answers) # create dataset from sequences and answers
dataset_loader = DataLoader(dataset, batch_size=2, num_workers=0) # create dataloader for use in pl.Trainer

class LightningLSTMRegressor(pl.LightningModule):

    def __init__(self, output_size, input_size, hidden_size, num_layers, criterion, learning_rate):
        super(LightningLSTMRegressor, self).__init__()
        
        self.output_size = output_size
        self.num_layers = num_layers
        self.input_size = input_size
        self.hidden_size = hidden_size
        self.criterion = criterion
        self.learning_rate = learning_rate
        self.lstm = nn.LSTM(input_size=input_size, hidden_size=hidden_size,
                            num_layers=num_layers, batch_first=True)
        
        self.linear = nn.Linear(hidden_size, output_size)
        self.linear.bias = torch.nn.Parameter(torch.tensor([6., 62.]))

    def forward(self, x):
        
        # hidden state and cell initialization
        h0 = torch.zeros(
            self.num_layers, x.size(0), self.hidden_size)
        c0 = torch.zeros(
            self.num_layers, x.size(0), self.hidden_size)
        
        lstm_out, (ht, ct) = self.lstm(x, (h0, c0))
        
        lstm_out = lstm_out[:, -1, :]
        y_pred = self.linear(lstm_out)
        return y_pred
        
    def training_step(self, batch, batch_idx):
        x, y = batch
        y_hat = self(x)
        loss = self.criterion(y_hat, y)
        self.log('train_loss', loss)
        return loss
    
    def test_step(self, batch, batch_idx):
        x, y = batch
        y_hat = self(x)
        loss = self.criterion(y_hat, y)
        
        return loss
        
    def configure_optimizers(self):
        optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(self.parameters(), lr=self.learning_rate)
        return optimizer


model_params={'learning_rate': 0.001,
              'max_epochs': 5000,
              'input_size': 2, 
              'output_size': 2,
              'hidden_size': 5, 
              'num_layers': 1
}
criterion = torch.nn.MSELoss()

model = LightningLSTMRegressor(output_size=model_params['output_size'], 
                               input_size=model_params['input_size'], 
                               hidden_size=model_params['hidden_size'], 
                               num_layers=model_params['num_layers'], 
                               criterion=criterion, 
                               learning_rate=model_params['learning_rate'])

pl.seed_everything(1000)
# set progress_bar_refresh_rate to 0, so that it doesnt crash colab
trainer = pl.Trainer(max_epochs=5000,
                     progress_bar_refresh_rate=1, 
                     )

trainer.fit(model, dataset_loader)

def plot_prediction(input_sequence, prediction, answer, title):
    
    plt.ylim(62.25, 62.38)
    plt.xlim(5.13, 5.16)
    
    input_sequence = list(zip(*input_sequence))

    plt.scatter(input_sequence[0], input_sequence[1])
    plt.scatter(prediction[0], prediction[1])
    plt.scatter(answer[0], answer[1])
    
    plt.suptitle('pytorch lightning LSTM Simple prediction of trajectory: ' + title)
    plt.show()

predictions = model(sequences)

predictions_plot = predictions.data.numpy()
sequences_plot = sequences.data.numpy()
true_positions_plot = answers.data.numpy()

plot_prediction(sequences_plot[0], predictions_plot[0], true_positions_plot[0], "prediction 1")
plot_prediction(sequences_plot[1], predictions_plot[1], true_positions_plot[1], "prediction 2")

print(predictions)```</code></pre>