ai4bharat/Pralekha huggingface dataset:
Ministry of Science & Technology
DST Scientists find clue to anomalous behaviour of self-propelled fluctuations like fish schools ,flocking birds, bacterial colonies
This understanding can be useful in nanotechnology applications like building small-scale energy-efficient bio-devices as well as biomedical applications like characterizing infection spreading in organs, antibiotic resistance and so on.
Scientists have found a clue to dynamical origin of fluctuations in systems like fish schools, swarm of insects, flocking birds and bacterial colonies, which are called active matter systems. This understanding can be useful in nanotechnology applications like building small-scale energy-efficient bio-devices as well as biomedical applications like characterizing infection spread in organs, antibiotic resistance and so on.
Such systems are made up of self-driven components which extract energy from their surroundings to generate mechanical work. Due to continuous energy input, such systems are driven far from equilibrium and exhibit, unlike in equilibrium, fascinating collective behaviours, like clustering, “giant” mass fluctuations and anomalous transport. Particularly, their transport properties  can be perplexing at times.
The anomalous behaviour of such systems can be understood by considering a cup of coffee, stirred with a spoon. If one stops stirring, the coffee will eventually come to rest, due to the internal viscous forces, which resist the fluid motion. In contrast, imagine “stirring” a bacterial solution, which, under suitable conditions , can exhibit perpetual or unceasing collective directed motion; in that case, the viscosity would vanish in such “active” bacterial fluids.
Probing into this anomalous behaviour, Scientists from the S N Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, an autonomous institute of the Department of Science &Technology, Government of India, led by Punyabrata Pradhan studied a toy model of self-propelled particles and explained the dynamical origin of ‘giant’ mass fluctuations in the system, providing insights into the emergent properties of such active matters in general. The findings of the study have been published in the journal ‘PHYSICAL REVIEW E’ recently.
The team studied a toy model of self-propelled particles where the ballistic motion of bacteria  was mimicked through long-ranged particle hopping. They showed that, upon tuning concentration beyond a critical value, the conductivity, or the mobility, of the particles diverges; in other words, the resistance becomes zero. Moreover, they demonstrated an intimate relationship between the zero resistance and the diverging mass fluctuations in the system, thus explaining the dynamical origin of “giant’’ mass fluctuations in the system.
[Publication link:DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.101.052611
For more details, Punyabrata Pradhan Associate Professor  can be contacted.]
Vice President's Secretariat
‘Vasudhaiva kutumbakam’ represents the core of our civilizational ethos – Vice President
Vice President addresses 62nd Course of National Defence College 
The Vice President, Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar today said that the concept of “Vasudhaiva kutumbakam”  represents the core value of our civilizational ethos.
Delivering a lecture on ‘India’s Core Values Interests and Objectives’ at the National Defence College in New Delhi today, the Vice President said that the Preamble to our Constitution enumerates many of our core values. Referring to ‘Vaccine Maitri’ initiative launched during the Covid-19 pandemic, he said that India’s outlook has never been expansionist throughout the history.
Praising the NDC for establishing itself as one of the most formidable centres of strategic learning in India, Shri Dhankhar said this great institution has grown both in its reputation and stature internationally over the last six decades.
Lieutenant General Manoj Kumar Mago, Commandant National Defence College, members of the faculty and participants of the 62nd NDC course attended the event.
Pictures of the event –
Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways
MoU between India and Maldives for passenger and Cargo Services
In a written reply to a question in Lok Sabha today, Shri Mansukh Mandaviya, the Minister of State for Shipping  and Chemical & Fertilizers informed that India and Maldives had signed a Memorandum of Understanding  on Passenger and Cargo Services in Male last month. The objective of the MoU is to improve people to people contact between the two countries by providing an alternate, direct and less expensive means for transport for passengers and goods. It also aims to advance economic, social and cultural ties between the two countries.
Shri Mandaviya informed that the MoU envisaged a regular passenger and cargo ferry service between Kochi in India and Male/Kulhudhuffushi in Maldives, or any other ports mutually agreed upon. Sea connectivity between the two countries would help to promote inbound tourism, particularly health and wellness tourism.A feasibility study is also being undertaken to ascertain the trade/ cargo potential, infrastructure/ superstructure facilities, vessel deployment and service pattern etc, and further action would be taken based on the findings of the feasibility study, the Minister informed.
Ministry of Tourism
Union Minister of State for Tourism Shripad Naik, reviews preparations for upcoming G20 Tourism Meetings
Goa, June 16, 2023
Union Minister of State for Ports, Shipping and Waterways and Tourism, Shri Shripad Naik, conducted a comprehensive review of the preparations for the fourth G20 Tourism Working Group meeting and Tourism Ministerial Meeting today. The Minister expressed his satisfaction with the arrangements made for these important gatherings. Also present at the review were Venkatesan Dhattareyan, Regional Director of the Western and Central region at IndiaTourism Mumbai Office, and Sanjit Rodrigues, the G20 Nodal officer for the Government of Goa. The Union Ministry of Tourism is organising the fourth G20 Tourism Working Group meeting and Tourism Ministerial Meeting from 19th to 22 June 2023 in Goa.
The Tourism Working Group meeting and Tourism Ministerial Meeting provide an excellent opportunity to showcase Goan traditions and cultures to the world. Shripad Naik highlighted the significance of each delegate serving as an ambassador for their respective countries. Tourism Ministers from 13 nations will be in attendance, and they will have the chance to experience the rich tourism offerings and vibrant Goan culture. As part of the itinerary, a special excursion to the Old Goa church and Mangueshi Temple has been arranged for the G20 delegates.
In conjunction with these events, the Union Ministry of Tourism has organized celebrations for the International Day of Yoga on June 21st at Durbar Hall, Rajbhavan. All the G20 Ministers and delegates will actively participate in this session, embracing the spirit of unity and well-being.
Ministry of Defence
Illegal Transfer of Defence Land
In cases of attempts of illegal transfer based on the nature and circumstances of the case, FIRs/criminal cases have been filed against the sellers/purchasers, Courts have been approached to set aside such transactions. Competent Revenue authorities have also been approached for not effecting mutation of such transactions. Such transactions are not recognised and no mutation in defence land records are effected.
To prevent such incidences in future, the following steps are taken:-
- The defence land across the country has been surveyed by Defence Estates Officers and Chief Executive Officers so as to clearly demarcate defence land to enable Services/users to physically protect it.
- Matter has been taken up with the State Government vigorously at all levels to mutate remaining defence land in the revenue records.
- Suggestions have been made by the Ministry to the Department of Land Resources for amending the Registration Act so as to make it mandatory for the Sub-Registrar to obtain ‘NOC’ from defence authorities prior to effecting registration of land located in Cantonments/Military Stations.
- Wherever such incidence is reported, immediate legal action is taken to protect the interest of Government
- Computerisation of defence Land records contained in General Land Registers  and Military Land Registers  with the use of Raksha Bhoomi Software.
- Strengthening of defence land management by way of digitisation of land records, survey, demarcation and verification of defence lands and land Audit.
The computerization of defence land records under the project ‘Raksha Bhoomi’ was undertaken by the Directorate General of Defence Estates in association with National Informatics Centre. Defence Land Records contained in General Land Registers  and Military land Registers  were entered in the Raksha Bhoomi Software and made operational after verification and authentication of database in July, 2011.
Directorate General of Defence Estates  has informed that 05 cases have come to notice, in the last three years . Total area involved is 36.30 acres.
In two cases pertaining to Haryana  and one pertaining to Punjab  the respective State Governments are claiming the defence land. In all these cases the matter has been challenged by the DEO concerned and is presently subjudice in the court of the respective Divisional Commissioners.
In the two cases of Union Territory of J&K  the illegal transfer of defence land by private persons through sale deeds have been challenged by way of filing suit in the District Court by DEO concerned.
Another instance has been noticed where an attempt was made to illegally transfer defence land  in Bengaluru to Bangalore Metro Rail Corporation. Based on the FIR lodged in the case, the said transfer has been stayed.
This information was given by Raksha Rajya Mantri Shri Shripad Naik in a written reply to Shri Ravi Kishan and others in Lok Sabha today.
ABB/Nampi/KA/DK
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Ministry of Finance
27th GST council meeting discusses change in GST rate for digital transactions and imposition of Sugar Cess
- Incentive to promote Digital Transactions:
- Keeping in view the need to move towards a less cash economy, the Council has discussed in detail the proposal of a concession of 2% in GST rate [where the GST rate is 3% or more, 1% each from applicable CGST and SGST rates] on B2C supplies, for which payment is made through cheque or digital mode, subject to a ceiling of Rs. 100 per transaction, so as to incentivise promotion of digital payment.
- The council has recommended for setting up of a Group of Ministers from State Governments to look into the proposal and make recommendations, before the next Council meeting, keeping in mind the views expressed in GST Council.
2. Imposition of Sugar Cess over and above 5% GST and reduction in GST rate on ethanol:
- Keeping in view the record production of sugar in the current sugar season, and consequent depressed sugar prices and build-up of sugarcane arrears, the Council discussed the issue of imposition of sugar cess and reduction in GST rate on ethanol in great detail.
- The council has recommended for setting up of a Group of Ministers from State Governments to look into the proposal and make recommendations, within two weeks, keeping in mind the views expressed in GST Council in this regard.
Ministry of Communications
Postal Department makes special arrangements for posting of Rakhi Mail
Special posting counters are being set up in 34 important Post Offices of Delhi and 02 RMS Offices
Rakhi Festival falls on 22-08-2021 this year. Department of Posts has made special arrangements for handling of Rakhi Mails. Office of Chief Postmaster General Delhi Circle, Department of Posts, said in a statement that Special arrangements have been made upto 16.08.2021 for posting of Rakhi Mail for other states and upto 17.8.2021 for posting of Rakhi mail within Delhi.Special posting counters are being set up in 34 important Post Offices of Delhi and 02 RMS Offices, i.e. Delhi Railway Station & New Delhi Railway Station during this period.
To avoid last minute rush, customers have been advised to post Rakhi well in time.
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Prime Minister's Office
PM invites people to share inputs for Mann Ki Baat
The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi has invited people to share their inputs for the upcoming episode of Mann ki Baat scheduled for 25th December, 2022 at 11 A.M. Shri Modi has urged people to write on the NaMo App, MyGov or record your message on 1800-11-7800.
Sharing MyGov's invitation, the Prime Minister tweeted;
"2022's last #MannKiBaat will take place on the 25th of this month. I am eager to receive your inputs for the programme. I urge you to write on the NaMo App, MyGov or record your message on 1800-11-7800."
Ministry of Road Transport & Highways
Shri Nitin Gadkari addresses the Ministerial Session at the 27th World Road Congress in Prague, Czech Republic focusing on Road Safety
Shri Gadkari reiterates commitment to achieving global road safety targets set in the Stockholm Declaration
Union Minister for Road Transport and Highways Shri Nitin Gadkari addressed the Ministerial Session at the 27th World Road Congress in Prague, Czech Republic, focusing on Road Safety.
Shri Gadkari emphasized adopting a holistic approach to minimize road crashes and fatalities by stakeholders at all levels. He reiterated Bharat's special focus on spreading awareness to effect behavioral change and ensuring flawless enforcement of rules.
The Minister further apprised the gathering of the strides India has been taking in the field of automobile safety with flagship programs such as BHARAT NCAP and reiterated our commitment to achieving the global road safety targets set in the Stockholm Declaration.
Prime Minister's Office
PM addresses book release event to mark one year in office of Vice President Venkaiah Naidu
The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi, today released the book “Moving On, Moving Forward – A Year in Office” to mark one year in office of Vice President Venkaiah Naidu. He also presented the first copy of the book to the Vice President of India.
Speaking on the occasion, the Prime Minister said that he had the opportunity to work with Shri Venkaiah Naidu for several years. He said that Shri Naidu laid emphasis on responsibility , above all else.
The Prime Minister said that Shri Venkaiah Naidu always performed whatever duty he had, with utmost diligence, and adapted into that role with ease. He has been in public life for 50 years- 10 years in student politics and 40 years in state as well as national politics, the Prime Minister added.
Shri Narendra Modi said that Shri Venkaiah Naidu has the ability to endear himself to people across all sections, while also being a disciplinarian.He provides visionary leadership whenever he gets a responsibility. He gets the best experts to ensure justice is done to the work assigned, the Prime Minister added.
The Prime Minister recalled that when former Prime Minister Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee wanted to include Shri Venkaiah Naidu in his Cabinet, then Venkaiahji had requested for the Rural Development portfolio. Venkaiah Ji is a farmer at heart, and is passionate about the welfare of farmers and agriculture.
The Prime Minister said that the Pradhan Mantri Gram SadakYojana came into being due to the efforts of Shri Venkaiah Naidu. In a time when political discourse was centredaround train stoppages only, Naidu ji ensured that leaders began to think more about roads and other forms of connectivity, the Prime Minister added.
The Prime Minister praised the Vice President for his oratory and his way with words, be it English or Telugu. He said that it is commendable that the Vice President has presented a report card of sorts about his first year in office, containing the rich work he has done both inside and outside Parliament.
Ministry of Road Transport & Highways
Two days Sugar Conference inaugurated in Pune
Sugar Industry should produce more Ethanol –Nitin Gadkari
Pune, 4 June 2022
Union minister for Road Transport and Highways Mr. Nitin Gadkari today advocated use of alternate fuels like Ethanol, Methanol, Green Hydrogen and Electric Vehicles instead of Petrol and Diesel. While speaking at the inaugural ceremony of two days Sugar Conference organised by Vasantdada Sugar Institute in Manjari, Pune he elaborated on various aspects. He said there is need for revolution in Agriculture sector which will bring self-reliance in the rural areas of the country. He also suggested that Sugar Industry should concentrate on producing more Ethanol as it would be beneficial to the farmers also.
Mr. Gadkari said, there is need for appropriate approach for Sugar Industry which will generate new employment. He appreciated the work of Vasantdada Sugar Institute for the progress of Sugar Industry. Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Science and Technology, research, skill and successful practises are necessary for conversion of knowledge into wealth. Hence we have to think out of box in Agriculture and rural sector, he added.
Refereeing to the Automobile industry he said this industry is growing rapidly and has the potential of exports. Road expansions and highways projects in the country has boost the transport vehicle industry reducing the time and distance between the major cities. Electric vehicles will be popular in near future as it cut downs the running cost considerably.
Chief Minister of Maharashtra Mr. Uddhav Thackeray participated through video conferencing. He said, considering the problems facing to the Sugar Industry a centralised approach will be more effective. He appealed the experts to come together for the growth of this industry.
Former Union minister Mr. Sharad Pawar, Deputy Chief Minister Mr. Ajit Pawar, State Revenue Minister Balasheb Thorat, State Home minister Mr. Dilip Valase Patil and other dignitaries were present on the occasion.
MI/ Somni/PM
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Ministry of Labour & Employment
Many Key Decision taken in 222nd Meeting of the Central Board of Trustees, EPF
The 222nd meeting of the Central Board of Trustees, EPF was held yesterday under the chairmanship of Union Minister of State for Labour & Employment  Shri Santosh Kumar Gangwar at New Delhi.
The Central Board approved the proposal for insertion of Paragraph 68HH in EPF Scheme, 1952 provisioning Advance from the fund to a member who ceases to be in employment for a continuous period not less than one month. Under this proposal a member can avail 75% of the total fund  standing to the member’s credit with interest thereon.
The Board took note of the Investment of Rs 47,431.24 crore in Exchange Traded Funds  and notional return on ETF investments which stood at 16.07% for the period from August 2015 to 31st May 2018.
The Central Board approved the proposal to continue SBI Mutual Fund and UTI Mutual Fund as ETF manufacturer for investment in ETF by EPFO for tenure of one year i.e. till 30/06/2019.
The Central Board has considered and adopted the Consolidated Annual Accounts with Audit Report for the year 2016-17.
Ministry of Commerce & Industry
Petroleum & Explosives Safety Organization takes various measures to address the problems faced by Petroleum, Explosives, Oxygen and Industrial Gas Industries
Petroleum & Explosives Safety Organization , under the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade , Ministry of Commerce and Industry, has taken various measures to ensure uninterrupted supply of Oxygen to hospitals and other health care facilities and also to address the problems faced by Petroleum, Explosives, Fireworks, and Industrial Gas Industries due to nationwide lockdown for containment of COVID-19 pandemic. These include:
1. Instructions have been issued by PESO Hq to all its offices to ensure grant of licences for storage and transport of medical oxygen urgently.
2. Advisory has been issued by PESO on 25.03.2020 to Principal Secretaries  of all States, requesting them to allow uninterrupted transportation and manufacturing of medical oxygen and nitrous oxide in line with MHA order No. 40-3/2020 dated 24/03/2020 on the measures to be taken for containment of COVID-19 in the country.
3. Validity of licenses for transportation of oxygen and other gases which will expire on 31/03/2020, has been extended up to 30/06/2020.
4. Validity of licenses for storage, transportation, sale, use and manufacturing of explosives and fireworks which will expire on 31/03/2020, has been extended up to 30/09/2020. Fee for late renewal of licences will also not be charged.
5. Cylinders used for storage of compressed oxygen, CNG, LPG and other gases, which are due for statutory hydro testing on 31/03/2020, shall be deemed to be due for testing on 30/06/2020.
6. Pressure vessels used for storage and transportation of oxygen, LPG and other gases, which are due for statutory testing for safety relief valves and hydro testing from 15/03/2020 to 30/06/2020, shall be deemed to be due for testing on 30/06/2020.