ai4bharat/Pralekha huggingface dataset:
Ministry of Science & Technology
Ultra-high mobility electron gas can increase information transfer speed &data storage density in quantum devices
Scientists at INST, Mohali ,Punjab have produced an ultra-high mobility 2d-electron gas 
The research may open up a new field of device physics, especially in the field of quantum technology applicable for next-generation data storage media and quantum computers
Scientists have produced electron gas with ultra-high mobility, which can speed up transfer of quantum information and signal from one part of a device to another and increase data storage and memory.
The need for attaining new functionalities in modern electronic devices has led to the manipulation of property of an electron called spin degree of freedom along with its charge. This has given rise to an altogether new field of spin-electronics or ‘spintronics’. It has been realized that a phenomenon called the ‘Rashba effect’, which consists of splitting of spin-bands in an electronic system, might play a key role in spintronic devices.
Scientists at Institute of Nano Science and Technology , Mohali , an autonomous institution of Department of Science and Technology , Government of India, have produced an ultra-high mobility 2d-electron gas at the interface of two insulating oxide layers.
Due to the high mobility of the electron gas, electrons do not collide inside the medium for a long distance and hence do not lose the memory and information. Hence, such a system can easily remember and transfer its memory for a long time and distance. In addition, since they collide less during their flow, their resistance is very low, and hence they don’t dissipate energy as heat. So, such devices do not heat up easily and need less input energy to operate.
Aided by a grant from the DST-Nanomission in the form of a sophisticated, custom-made instrument called a combinatorial pulsed laser deposition setup, Dr.SuvankarChakraverty Associate Professor at Institute of Nano Science and Technology , Mohali , have produced 2DEG with ultra mobility at the novel interface composed of chemicals EuO and KTaO3. The strong spin-orbit coupling and relativistic nature of the electrons in the 2DEG resulted in the ‘Rashba field’. The research was published in the journal ‘Advanced Quantum Technologies’.
According to the INST team, realization of large Rashba-effect at such oxide interfaces containing highly mobile electron gas may open up a new field of device physics, especially in the field of quantum technology applicable for next-generation data storage media and quantum computers.
Figure showing device configuration, Quantum oscillation in the resistance, and Spin-Momentum electronic band splitting revealed through transport measurements
[Publication details:DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/qute.202000081
For more details, Dr.SuvankarChakraverty  can be contacted.]
Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution
81 complaints related to levying of Service Charge by restaurants, pubs and hotel have been received at National Consumer Helpline
The Government in April 2017 issued guidelines on fair trade practices related to charging of Service Charge from consumer by hotel/restaurants. As per these guidelines, Service Charge is optional and payment of it depends entirely upon the discretion of the consumers.
This Ministry vide Circular dated 21.04.2017 had advised the State Governments to sensitize the companies, hotels and restaurants in the state regarding provisions related to unfair trade practices of the Consumer Protection Act and to disseminate the information through display at the appropriate place in the hotels/restaurants that the ‘service charges” are discretionary/ voluntarily and a consumer dissatisfied with the services can have it waived off.
During the year 2020, 81 complaints related to levying of Service Charge by restaurants, pubs and hotel have been received at National Consumer Helpline. All the complaintswere taken up with the respective Hotels/ Restaurants for appropriate redressal. The response received from the Hotels/Restaurants were thereafter conveyed to the complainants.
The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 provides for a three tier quasi-judicial machinery called Consumer Commissions at the Central, State and District levels and the consumers can approach District Commissions for redressal of grievance related to collection of service charges by hotels and restaurants.
This information was given in a written reply by the Union Minister of State for Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, Shri Danve Raosaheb Dadarao in Lok Sabha today.
Ministry of Defence
Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh inaugurates 172nd Defence Pensioners Adalat in Lucknow
Assures timely approval of pension to the veterans
Shri Rajnath Singh today inaugurated the 172nd Defence Pensioners Adalat in Uttar Pradesh capital Lucknow, becoming the first Raksha Mantri to be a part of the event. The two-day Defence Pensioners Adalat aims at redressal of pension related grievances of veterans of Armed Forces and their Next of Kin residing in the all districts of Uttar Pradesh. It has been organised by Principal Controller of Defence Accounts , Prayagraj in close coordination with Headquarters Central Command.
Addressing the function, Shri Rajnath Singh appreciated the good work by Controller General of Defence Accounts . He said, disbursement of Defence Pension is a complex process involving many agencies and Defence Accounts Department is working tirelessly to provide pensions in a time-bound manner. Reiterating the Government’s commitment of timely approval of pension, Raksha Mantri assured that the Defence Accounts Department will leave no stone unturned to deal with any challenges that come in the way.
Shri Rajnath Singh added that the Government fulfilled the long-standing demand of ‘One Rank One Pension’ that has benefited lakhs of Defence Pensioners across the country. He lauded the role of the veterans in nation building terming them as a source of inspiration for generations. Raksha Mantri highlighted Lucknow as the birthplace of martyrs like Captain Manoj Pandey and Company Quartermaster Havildar Abdul Hamid saying that the nation will always be indebted to their supreme sacrifice. This Defence Pensioners Adalat is a small step in that direction, he said.
In his welcome address, General Officer Commanding-in-Chief  Central Command Lt Gen I S Ghuman said, of the total 31 lakh veterans in the country, about four lakh are in Uttar Pradesh and this Defence Pensioners Adalat has been organised in Lucknow after seven years with the efforts of Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh. He said, along with pensions, Ex-servicemen Contributory Health Scheme , job and resettlement have also been covered in the two-day event.
Controller General Defence Accounts Shri Sanjeev Mittal highlighted the developments undertaken in the Pension disbursal system. He said, Defence Accounts Department is going digital and a Comprehensive Pension Portal is about to be launched to address all pension-related grievances on one platform.
After the inaugural ceremony, Shri Rajnath Singh met the veterans and interacted with the functionaries occupying various stalls for the aid of veterans, Veer Naris & Next of Kin. Various Army and Defence Accounts officials along with a huge number of veterans were present on the occasion.
ABB/DK/Savvy/MTJ/ADA
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Ministry of Agriculture &
Farmers Welfare
Potential for Agroforestry
The Scheme promotes the plantation of trees for land holding Farmers
To tap the potential of agroforestry, Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare is implementing the Sub-Mission on Agroforestry  Scheme since 2016-17.
There is a provision of financial assistance to farmers under the Scheme for plantation activities along with development of various types of nurseries for producing quality planting materials like seeds, seedlings, clones, improved varieties to meet the requirement of quality planting materials/seeds for the farmers. Capacity building and training is also one of the important interventions of the scheme to support the agroforestry sector.
To increase market linkages and access and to promote consumption of agroforestry goods, the scheme is implemented in those States which have relaxed felling and transit regulations for important agroforestry species. Further, initiatives have been taken for formation of 15 Farmer Producers Organization  in the Agroforestry Sector to link the farmers with market and industry in an organized manner.
The Scheme promotes the plantation of trees only for land holding farmers.
Upto 5% of allocated funds is utilized for capacity building and training activities like training of farmers/field workers, skill development, awareness campaign, publications, seminars/workshops, conference etc. to raise awareness of the scheme among the farmers.
This information was given in a written reply by the Union Minister of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Shri Narendra Singh Tomar in Rajya Sabha today.
Ministry of Earth Sciences
Low Pressure area over south Andaman Sea & adjoining southeast Bay of Bengal
According to the Cyclone Warning Division of the India Meteorological Department, a Low Pressure area has formed over south Andaman Sea and adjoining southeast Bay of Bengal in the morning hours of today, the 01st May 2020.Its intensification is expected to be slow and delayed.
Accordingly, it is likely to become more marked over the same region during next 48 hours, concentrate into a Depression over Andaman Sea and adjoining southeast Bay of Bengal during subsequent 48 hours and intensify further thereafter. It is very likely to move north-northwestwards gradually till 05th May.
Under its influence, the following adverse weather is likely over south Andaman Sea and adjoining southeast Bay of Bengal and Andaman & Nicobar Islands during next 5 days.
Warnings:
 Rainfall :
Light to moderate rainfall at many places very likely over Andaman & Nicobar Islands on 1st & 2nd May and at most places during 3rd – 5th May. Nicobar Islands are likely to experience heavy rainfall at isolated places on 2nd & 3rd May. Heavy to very heavy rainfall at isolated places likely over Andaman & Nicobar Islands on 4th & 5th May.
 Wind warning
Squally winds, speed reaching 40-50 kmph gusting to 60 kmph is likely to prevail over southeast Bay of Bengal on 1st May, over southeast Bay of Bengal and south Andaman Sea on 2nd & 3rd May, 45-55 kmph gusting to 65 kmph over south Andaman Sea and adjoining southeast Bay of Bengal on 4th May and 50-60 kmph gusting to 70 kmph over south Andaman Sea and adjoining southeast Bay of Bengal on 5th May.
 Sea condition
Sea condition will be rough to very rough over south Andaman Sea and southeast Bay of Bengal during 1st – 5th May 2020.
 Fishermen Warning
The fishermen are advised not to venture into southeast Bay of Bengal on 1st May, into south Andaman Sea and southeast Bay of Bengal on 2nd & 3rd May and over Andaman Sea and adjoining southeast Bay of Bengal on 4th & 5th May 2020.
(Kindly visit www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in and www.mausam.imd.gov.in
for updates on the system.)
Ministry of Information & Broadcasting
Publications Division All Set To Exhibit Its Literary Treasure At Delhi Book Fair 2023
Delhi Book Fair Being Held At Pragati Maidan From 29th July To 2nd August, 2023 With The Theme ‘Books in Nation Building’
Publications Division To Exhibit Its Wide Collection Of Books & Journals And Offer Heavy Discounts On Select Titles
Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, is participating in the much-awaited book fair of the city, the Delhi Book Fair, being held at Pragati Maidan, New Delhi from 29th July to 2nd August, 2023. The 27th edition of the fair is being organised by India Trade Promotion Organisation  in association with Federation of Indian Publishers . Publications Division will be exhibiting its wide collection of books and journals at Stall No 12, Hall No. 11 of Pragati Maidan and will also be offering heavy discounts on select titles.
Celebrating the theme of the book fair ‘Books in Nation Building’ and commemorating the spirit of Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav with full fervour, Publications Division brings its rich collection of books on history of Indian freedom struggle and freedom fighters to the fair. The books on offer are bound to captivate the minds of the visitors and book lovers alike. The display includes books on a wide array of topics such as Gandhian literature, history & freedom struggle, personalities and biographies, land and people, art and culture, cinema, and children's literature, among others. The Division is also offering its premium books on Rashtrapati Bhavan and collection of selected speeches of Presidents, Vice Presidents and Prime Ministers, published exclusively by the Publications Division.
Besides books, Publications Division’s popular and widely circulated journals such as Yojana, Kurukshetra, Aajkal and Bal Bharti are also available at the stall. Visitors can also purchase annual subscriptions of journals and Employment News/Rozgar Samachar published by the Division.
Students, especially competitive exam aspirants, will find suitable books at the Publications Division stall that will help them prepare for examinations. The Division’s rich collection of children’s literature is also dearly adored by children and parents alike. Whether someone is interested in learning more about India's independence movement, exploring the country's rich cultural heritage, knowing about national leaders who dedicated their lives for nation building, or simply finding a good read, Publications Division has something for everyone.
Prime Minister's Office
PM prays to Maa Siddhidatri on Maha Navami
The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi has prayed to Maa Siddhidatri on Maha Navami during Navratri and sought blessings for success in everyone's life. Shri Modi also shared recital of prayers  of Maa Siddhidatri.
In a tweet, the Prime Minister said;
"विश्वकर्त्री विश्वभर्त्री विश्वहर्त्री विश्वप्रीता।
विश्वार्चिता विश्वातीता सिद्धिदात्री नमोऽस्तु ते॥
नवरात्रि की महानवमी मां सिद्धिदात्री को समर्पित है। उनकी कृपा से आप सभी को कर्तव्य-पथ पर चलने की प्रेरणा मिले, साथ ही जीवन में सफलता और सुयश की प्राप्ति हो। हार्दिक शुभकामनाएं!"
Ministry of Home Affairs
Digital Mode of Data Collection to be tested in Census 2021
Training of Trainers for Census of India 2021 held in Pune
"Pre-test of Census 2021 would be extremely challenging, as the digital mode of data collection would be tested in the field for the first time. The digital mode of data collection, if adopted in Census 2021 will result in faster publication of Census data, helping policy formulation and research."
This was stated by Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Shri Vivek Joshi at the valedictory function of a training programme for Master Trainers for Census 2021, held at Yashvantrao Chavan Academy of Development Administration , Pune during 3rd to 11th June 2019. The training was organized by the Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India, as part of the preparation for the mammoth administrative exercise, 'Census of India 2021'.
The training was inaugurated by Director, Census Operations, Maharashtra, Smt. Rashmi S. Zagade on 3rd June, 2019. The training was imparted by National Trainers who were trained at New Delhi during May 2019. Master Trainers from Maharashtra, Gujarat, Telangana and Goa were trained during this programme. The Master Trainers would in turn train the field functionaries for the pre-test.
The pre-test is the complete dress rehearsal of the entire process of Census; it is proposed to be conducted in the selected sample units all over India, during August - September 2019.
The ensuing Census would revolutionise the collection of Census data by testing the digital mode of collection. Delivering the keynote address, Smt. Rashmi S. Zagade said that the pre-test has to be done with utmost care as this serves as a pilot and helps in finalising the instruments, methods and processing of the actual Census.
On the last day of training, the Master Trainers conducted field trials in selected rural and urban parts of Pune District.
Ministry of Science & Technology
ARIES, Nainital to organise online International Conference on ‘Aerosol Air Quality, Climate Change and Impact on Water Resources and Livelihoods in the Greater Himalayas’
Mid-September brings an opportunity to witness a major online international conference on Aerosol Air Quality, Climate Change and Impact on Water Resources and Livelihoods in the Greater Himalayas. The conference will deliberate on rapid increase in air pollution associated with industrialisation and urbanisation and its resultant impacts on regional and global air quality, visibility degradation, cloud formation, and atmospheric chemistry, radiation budget, ecosystem, Himalayan climate, and glaciology, cryosphere, monsoon patterns, water availability, and human health --- important topics of discussion particularly in India, Nepal & Bangladesh.
Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences , Nainital an autonomous research institute under the Department of Science and Technology , Govt. of India and Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University,   Srinagar, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, are planning to jointly organize the three-day online international conference on ‘Aerosol Air Quality, Climate Change and Impact on Water Resources and Livelihoods in the Greater Himalayas’ between 14th -16th September 2020. The international conference is being organized as a part of the celebration of Golden Jubilee Commemoration Year of DST. This is the first Online International conference to be held at ARIES, Nainital, during this Pandemic.
The invited speakers in the conference are from different parts of the globe and will deliver lectures under the themes: Growing air pollution over the Indo-Gangetic Plains and Central Gangetic Himalayan Region, Himalayan Glaciers, Climate Change impacts on Himalayan Glacier and monsoon over the Himalayas, Extreme events and so on. The reviewed presentations will be published on a Thematic Issue entitled “Aerosols-Climate interaction and water resources over the Himalayas” in the Journal of Earth System Science .
ARIES, Nainital, started research activities in the field of atmospheric science and climate change about two decades ago. It has installed a battery of modern instruments at Manora Peak, a strategically important location in the Central Himalayan region, for in situ measurements of various optical, physical and chemical properties of aerosols and trace gases. The ARIES has also established both national and international collaborations in these areas.
[Dr. Umesh Chandra Dumka  and Dr. Alok S Gautam
 can be contacted for further details.]
Figure 1: Conference Banner
Figure 2: Conference Brochure
Ministry of Culture
ASI removes cap on the number of visitors to its Centrally Protected Monuments/ sites
Sound and light shows to be resumed
The Archaeological Survey of India  of M/o Culture has removed the cap on the number of visitors to its Centrally Protected Monuments/ sites. This is as per the latest communication on the updated SOPs for Centrally Protected Monuments/ sites, issued by Archaeological Survey of India  on 18 Dec 2020 to the Regional Directors and Superintending Archaeologists .
However, the total number of visitors to be allowed per day may be decided by the concerned Superintending Archaeologist/SA  with the concurrence of the respective District Magistrate, who is the chairman of the District Disaster Management Committee of the district.
The SOP further states that selling of physical tickets may be resumed where there are problems in QR code and network. Sound and light show may be resumed.
Except the above modifications, all other provisions specified in SOP dated 2.7.2020  shall be in effect until further order.
The communication also states that all centrally protected monuments and sites shall continue to be bound by the Covid related protocols issued by the Ministry of Home Affairs , Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and Ministry of Culture as also any specific orders of the State and/or District administration.
Ministry of Defence
6th EDITION OF INDO FRANCE JOINT MILITARY EXERCISE “EX SHAKTI 2021” CULMINATES IN FRANCE
6th Edition of biennial Indo - France military exercise “Ex SHAKTI- 2021” culminated on 25 November 2021 after twelve days of intense joint military training, exhibiting their combat power and dominance over the extremist groups in simulated Counter Insurgency / Counter Terrorism environment. The exercise provided opportunity to both the contingents to train in Counter Terrorism operations in joint environment under United Nations charter.
The exercise was conducted in two phases involving combat conditioning and tactical training of Counter Terrorism operations culminating with validation of training in semi urban environment. Both the contingents shared their best operational practices and experiences. The troops of both the Armies developed bonhomie by not only involving in tactical exercises but also rubbing shoulders in sports and cultural activities.
Both the contingents expressed immense satisfaction on the outcome of the exercise, in terms of the standards achieved during the conduct. The exercise proved to be another remarkable milestone towards the pledge of terrorism free world. The exercise has certainly added another dimension to ever enhancing military diplomacy between both the participating countries.
Ministry of Communications
Department of Telecommunications issues Public Advisory on frauds related to installation of Mobile Tower
Department of Telecommunications, Ministry of Communications, Government of India has issued a Public Advisory on frauds related to installation of Mobile Tower.
It has come to the notice of Department of Telecommunications  that some unscrupulous companies/ agencies/ individuals cheat general public and collect money by promising them hefty monthly rental etc. in the name of installation of Mobile Towers.
In this regard the public at large is hereby informed that:-
- DoT/ TRAI is not directly or indirectly involved in leasing/renting the premises for installation of mobile towers.
- DoT/ TRAI or its officers do not issue any “No Objection Certificate” for the installation of mobile towers.
- The updated list of Telecom Service Providers  and Infrastructure Providers , authorized to install mobile towers, is available on DoT website i.e. https://dot.gov.in and https://dot.gov.in/infrastructure-provider.
- Public is hereby cautioned to be extra careful and verify the credentials of the company, in case any company/agency/individual asks for money for installation of mobile tower. The association of TSPs and IP-1s have confirmed that their members do not ask any money for installation of Mobile Towers.
- If any person comes across any such fraudulent activity, then he/ she may report the incident to local police authorities.
- In addition, the local field units of DoT may also be contacted whose contact details are available on DoT website at https://dot.gov.in/relatedlinks/director-general-telecom .
Ministry of Communications
BSNL empanels Telecommunications Consultants India Ltd as Captive Non- Public Network Provider
Telecommunications Consultants India Ltd  has entered into an agreement with state run Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited  for the provision of Captive Non-Public Network  Services to the Enterprise Customers.
With vast experience of field deployment of mobile technologies, TCIL, as the Master System Integrator will deliver a robust end-to-end private 5G network solutions to enterprise customers. The disruptive 5G Technology shall enable widespread Industrial Automation by providing Secure, Ultra-Reliable, Low Latency and High Throughput communication.
Government of India is supporting several initiatives in development of indigenous subsystems for 4/5G networks, but for them to succeed and get absorbed in market, they will need to be integrated into commercially deployable solutions that meet customer requirements. TCIL will ensure to best utilize the indigenous products along with MNC products in CNPN networks.
The company aims to deploy private 5G in Central Govt/State Govt/PSUs premises, Industries, mines, refineries, and airports.