[brief] **Cavuoti v. New Jersey Transit Corp.,** 161 N.J. 107 (1999) .................................................................................................................. 47  **Chertkova v. Conn. Gen. Life Ins.  Co.,** 92 F.3d 81 (2d Cir. 1996) ........................................................................................................... 13, 20 **Costello v. Ocean Cnty. Observer,** 136 N.J. 594 (1994) ..................................................................................................................... 9 **Curay-Cramer v. Ursuline Acad. of Wilmington, Del., Inc.,** 450 F.3d 130 (3d Cir. 2006) ......................................................................................................... 39 **Davis v. City of Newark,** 417 F. App'x 201 (3d Cir. 2011) ................................................................................................. 39, 41 **Dixon v. Rutgers,** 110 N.J. 432 (1998) ...................................................................................................................... 13 **Edan Ben Elazar v. Macrietta Cleaners, Inc.,** 230 N.J. 123 (2017) ....................................................................................................................... 9 **El-Sioufi v. St. Peter's Univ. Hosp.,** 382 N.J. Super. 145 (App. Div. 2005) ......................................................................................... 13 **Ewell v. NBA Props.,** 94 F. Supp. 3d 612 (D.N.J. 2015) ................................................................................................. 21 **Ex parte Hague,** 103 N.J. Eq. 505 (1928) ................................................................................................................ 12 **Fuentes v. Perskie,** 32 F.3d 759 (3d Cir. 1994) .......................................................................................................... 38 Grande v. St. Clare's Health Sys., 230 N.J. 1 (2017) ........................................................................................................... 13 Heitzman v. Monmouth County, 321 N.J. Super. 133 (1999) .......................................................................................... 34 Herman v. Sunshine Chemical Specialties, Inc., 133 N.J. 329 (1993) ....................................................................................................... 47 Inv'rs Bank v. Torres, 243 N.J. 25 (2020) ......................................................................................................... 10 Judson v. Peoples Bank & Trust of Westfield, 17 N.J. 67 (1954) .......................................................................................................... 10 Krouse v. Am. Sterilizer Co., 126 F.3d 494 (3d Cir. 1997) ......................................................................................... 37 Lehmann v. Toys 'R' Us, Inc., 132 N.J. 587 (1993) ....................................................................................................... 27, 36 Leonard v. Metropolitan Life Ins. Co., 318 N.J. Super. 337 (App. Div. 1999) ......................................................................... 34 Lima & Sons, Inc. v. Borough of Ramsey, 269 N.J. Super. 469 (App. Div. 1994) ......................................................................... 9 Maher v. New Jersey Transit R.O., 125 N.J. 455 (1991) ....................................................................................................... 10 Maidenbaum v. Bally's Park Place, Inc., 870 F. Supp. 1254 (D.N.J. 1994), aff'd, 67 F.3d 291 (3d Cir. 1995) ......................... 24 Manalapan Realty, L.P. v. Manalapan Twp. Comm., 140 N.J. 366 (1995) ....................................................................................................... 10 Mandel v. UBS/PaineWebber, Inc., 373 N.J. Super. 55 (2004) ................................................................. 34 Massaro v. UBS, Inc., No. A-0019-10T2, 2012 N.J. Super. Unpub. LEXIS 2880 (App. Div. May 31, 2012) .................. 24 McCullers v. Napolitano, 427 F. App'x 190 (3d Cir. 2011) ....................................................... 22 Monmouth Lumber Co. v. Indemnity Insurance Co. of North America, 21 N.J. 439 (1956) ........................................................................... 9 Muench v. Twp. of Haddon, 255 N.J. Super. 288 (App. Div. 1992) .................................................. 33 N.J. Mortg. & Inv. Corp. v. Calvetti, 68 N.J. Super. 18 (App. Div. 1961) .................................................... 10 Panitch v. Panitch, 339 N.J. Super. 63 (App. Div. 2001) .................................................. 11 Prudential Prop. & Cas. Ins. Co. v. Boylan, 307 N.J. Super. 162 (App. Div.), certif. denied, 154 N.J. 608 (1998) .......... 10 Raday v. Bd. of Ed. of Manville, 130 N.J. Super. 552 (App. Div. 1974) .................................................. 10 Rendine v. Pantzer, 141 N.J. 292 (1995) ........................................................................ 47 Robins v. Jersey City, 23 N.J. 229 (1957) .......................................................................... 9 Romano v. Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp., 284 N.J. Super. 543 (App. Div. 1995) .................................................. 38, 45