[brief] .......................................................................................................  21  Rivas v. City of Passaic, 365 F.3d 181 (3d Cir. 2004)  ...........................................................................................................  29  Sanducci v. City of Hoboken, 315 N.J. Super. 475 (App. Div. 1998)  ............................................................................................  16, 22 Schneyder v. Smith, 653 F.3d 313 (3d Cir. 2011)  ...........................................................................................................  26  Sharrar v. Felsing, 128 F.3d 810 (3d Cir. 1997)  ...........................................................................................................  29  Shillaci v. First Fidelity Bank, 311 N.J. Super. 396 (App. Div. 1998)  ............................................................................................  44  Siegert v. Gilley, 500 U.S. 226 (1991)  .......................................................................................................................  25  Skevofilax v. Quigley, 586 F. Supp. 532 (D.N.J. 1984) .......................................................................................................  33  Sprecht v. Jensen, 863 F.2d 700 (10th Cir. 1988)  ........................................................................................................  35  State of New Jersey v. Ingram, 474 N.J. Super. 522 (App. Div. 2023)  ............................................................................................  20, 21 State v. Banta, 188 N.J. Super. 115 (Law Div. 1982)  ............................................................................................  37  State v. Contursi, 44 N.J. 422 (1965)  ...........................................................................................................22  State v. Smith, 306 N.J. Super. 370 (App. Div. 1997)  ..................................................................................37  State v. Waltz, 61 N.J. 83 (1972)  ....................................................................................................................22  Taylor v. Metzger, 152 N.J. 490 (1998)  ................................................................................................................44  Torres v. Kuzniasz, 936 F. Supp. 1201 (D.N.J. 1996) .............................................................................................24, 32 Tower Marine, Inc. v. New Brunswick, 175 N.J. Super. 526 (Ch. Div. 1980) .......................................................................................38, 40 Trafton v. City of Woodbury, 799 F.Supp.2d 417 (D.N.J. 2011) ..............................................................................................19  Walmsley v. Philadelphia, 872 F.2d 546 (3d Cir. 1989) .....................................................................................................21 Wedemeir v. Ballwin, 931 F.2d 24 (8th Cir. 1991) ......................................................................................................33  Whitted v. City of Philadelphia, 744 F. Supp. 649 (E.D. PA 1990).  ............................................................................................33  Wildoner v. Borough of Ramsey, 162 N.J. 375 (2000)  ..................................................................................................................22  Statutes