passive margins. Using a machine learning classification methodology based on outlier detection algorithms, we predict the probability of encountering a SEAFLEA globally. Results show the highest probability in regions with multiple SEAFLEA observations and parametrically similar regions concentrated on continental margins. In general, geologic, biologic, and chemical predictors are the best predictors of SEAFLEAs. We validate our results using a random and geospatial validation technique that reveals our methods are robust to random variations in observations, but that certain margins, such as the Svalbard Margin, represent parametrically distinct locals. These distinct regions have control over the global distribution of predicted anomalies due to their unique features. Our final prediction on a global 5 × 5 arc minute grid reveals that the average probability of encountering a SEAFLEA is 33.1 ± 17.7% on active margins and 31.2 ± 18.9% on passive margins, showing equal likelihood of encountering fluid expulsion between passive and active margins. Therefore, the lateral compaction on active margins does not increase the likelihood of fluid expulsion relative to the predominantly vertical compaction on passive margins. These results however say nothing of the fluid flux rates or density of expulsion features.

Pichon, V., Delaunay, N., Combès, A., 2020. Sample preparation using molecularly imprinted polymers. Analytical Chemistry 92, 16-33.

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04816 Despite the advances in the development of new instruments and highly sensitive analytical methods based on gas, liquid, or supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to various detectors including high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) that can be associated with different ionization sources, a pretreatment is usually necessary in order to extract and isolate the analytes of interest from complex samples before their determination. Solid- phase extraction (SPE) is routinely used for the extraction or purification of compounds from liquid samples or solid matrix extracts. Despite their attractive features, the classical SPE sorbents retain analytes by nonselective hydrophobic (with alkyl-bonded silicas, polymers, carbonaceous sorbents,...) or polar interactions (with silica, amino-bonded silica, alumina,...) that lead to partial coextraction of interfering substances that may cause matrix effects even with a specific detector such as a mass spectrometer. To enhance the extraction selectivity of the target analytes, new materials involving a mechanism of molecular recognition were developed. They include immunosorbents based on the high affinity and selectivity of antigen - antibody interactions allowing a selective extraction of the target analyte and compounds having a similar structure. (1-4) Nevertheless, the development of an immunosorbent is time-consuming and relatively expensive. Asimilar behavior can also be obtained using aptamers, i.e., DNA or RNA sequences with high specificity toward given compounds. The resulting oligosorbents were recently successfully applied to the selective extraction of different target analytes from biological fluids and food samples. (5-8) Once the sequence is available, the development of an oligosorbent is less expensive than an immunosorbent. However, despite their high potential, a limited number of sequences is, to date, available. An alternative is to develop molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). These sorbents are synthetic polymeric materials possessing specific cavities designed for a template molecule involving a retention mechanism based on molecular recognition. The MIPs have been already successfully used in several fields, such as sensors,(9,10) biomimetic catalyst in organic synthesis,(11) drug delivery,(12) and separation of structural analogues or enantiomers(13) in liquid chromatography (LC) (14-16) and capillary electrophoresis. (15-18) The use of MIPs as selective sorbents for sample pretreatment was described for the first time by Sellergren and co-workers in 1994 and concerned the development of a MIP for the solid-phase extraction of pentamidine from urine.(19) Since this pioneer work, there has been a growing interest in these polymers for extraction purposes. Initially mainly developed for the selective recognition of small molecules, such as drugs, pesticides, or other environmental pollutants, (20-23) they are now developed, as illustrated in recent reviews, for the recognition of proteins (24-26) or even microorganisms.(27) While the nature of the targets for which MIPs have been developed has evolved, so has the format of the extraction devices. Indeed, although MIPs have been mainly applied to the selective extraction or cleaning of target analytes from various complex samples by introducing them in a cartridge to carry out off-line SPEs, a strong trend toward miniaturized extraction devices has been observed over the past decade. The tendency is to develop new synthesis pathways to obtain particles of controlled sizes, fibers, stir-bars, or membranes, thus allowing their use in dispersive SPE (dSPE), solid-phase