Mahmoud, M., Hamza, A., Hussein, I.A., Eliebid, M., Kamal, M.S., Abouelresh, M., Shawabkeh, R., Al-Marri, M.J., 2020. Carbon dioxide EGR and sequestration in mature and immature shale: Adsorption study. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 188, 106923.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092041052030022X Recently, CO sequestration in different shale formations has become an attractive option owing to the 2 abundance of shale basins. However, these formations have different maturity levels and contain a variety of minerals such as carbonates and clays. The amount of CO in shale formations is related to the adsorption 2 capacity of these rocks. In this work, adsorption of CH and CO on three different shales (mature and 4 2 immature) is studied at different temperatures (50 °C - 150 °C). Increasing the percentage of CO in the gas 2 mixture raised the adsorption capacity. The different shale samples behave differently at different temperatures. Two of the investigated shale samples (low and moderate total organic carbon (TOC)) showed an endothermic response from 50 °C to 100 °C with a tremendous increase in the adsorption capacity followed by an exothermic response and significant reduction in the capacity at 150 °C. The third sample, which had the highest TOC, had no CH adsorption at 50 °C but showed an endothermic response at high temperature with a 4 significant increase in CH adsorption. This temperature dependent adsorption behavior is linked to thermally 4 induced alterations in the crystallinity of clay minerals and the organic material. The thermodynamic analysis reveals that the investigated shales have a high affinity to CO , while adsorption entropy and enthalpy were less 2 compared to CH . The adsorption isotherms reveal that adsorption of CH and CO on the shale best modeled 4 4 2 by Freundlich isotherm due to surface heterogeneity of the shale and by BET isotherms due to pore filling at high pressure values.

Mahmoud, M., Hussein, I., Carchini, G., Shawabkeh, R., Eliebid, M., Al-Marri, M.J., 2019. Effect of rock mineralogy on Hot-CO injection for enhanced gas recovery. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering 2 72, 103030.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875510019302823 Conventional gas reservoirs are one of the viable options for CO enhanced gas recovery and sequestration. 2 Injection of hot CO into depleted reservoirs is expected to improve gas recovery. Static adsorption and core 2 flooding experiments were performed to quantify methane/CO adsorption/desorption using different rocks at 2 different temperatures and pressures. Rocks such as shale, tight sandstone, calcite, and dolomite were used. For calcite, theoretical simulations were performed. Though methane desorption has increased when the temperature was raised, the results suggest that the gas recovery has doubled when the temperature has been increased from 50° to 100 °C in conventional reservoirs and from 100° to 150 °C in conventional and unconventional reservoirs. Similar trends were obtained for different rocks with increasing temperature. Core flooding and static adsorption experiments showed matching results. Rock mineralogy affects the adsorption capacity of the rock with shale rock having a 60% higher methane production than sandstone.

Maillard, J., Hupin, S., Carrasco, N., Schmitz-Afonso, I., Gautier, T., Afonso, C., 2020. Structural elucidation of soluble organic matter: Application to Titan's haze. Icarus 340, 113627.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019103519304439 The origin and evolution of organic matter in the solar system intertwines astrobiology and planetary geochemistry issues. To observe the contribution of atmospheric processes in the formation of complex organic matter, one of the most intensively studied objects in the outer solar system is Titan, the largest moon of Saturn. Its reducing atmosphere of methane and nitrogen hosts a thick, permanent, nitrogen-rich, organic haze, whose complex composition remains largely unknown. Due to the measurement of species at large mass-to-charge ratio and infrared information from the Cassini-Huygens mission, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) based structure for this haze has been suggested. Here, we propose a snapshot of the global chemical structure based on the analysis of laboratory analogue of Titan's haze with ion mobility spectrometry coupled with mass