shown a reduction tendency with the increase of CO pressure, which reflected that the roughness and 2 complexity of pore structure and morphology in shale decreased. The results indicated that the effect of super- critical CO (10 MPa, 14 MPa) on the pore structure alteration was more significant than that of sub-critical 2 D D CO (6 MPa). The fractal dimensions calculated by N GA and NMR tests had a good consistency, , , and 2 2 L1 N1 D D , shown positive correlations with TSSA and TPV (total pore volume), while shown negative L2 N2 R correlations with , which can be used to evaluate the gas adsorption and flow behaviors in shale, ave respectively.

Zhou, K., Zhou, X., Liu, J., Huang, Z., 2020. Application of magnetic nanoparticles in petroleum industry: A review. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 188, 106943.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920410520300413 Due to the exclusive size effect, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) exhibit unique chemical, mechanical and considerably different magnetic properties compared with conventional micro and macro materials. Therefore, MNPs are of great significance and interest in biology, medicine and engineering. Recently, MNPs are also found to show great potential in petroleum industry applications, such as targeted adsorption, remote detection, directional transport and local heating. For these specific applications, the dispersity and stability of the MNPs in suspension are of great importance. Although some works have overviewed the use of nanotechnology for oil production, there is no review focusing on the application of MNPs in petroleum industry to date. Thus, recent progress and future developments in this field require for a work to summarize. This review provides an overview on the applications of the MNPs in petroleum industry, including drilling and completion improvement, magnetic separation, reservoir sensing and imaging, enhanced oil recovery, heavy oil recovery, flow assurance and conformance control. The physiochemical properties of MNPs, such as size, surface and magnetic properties, are also introduced. Finally, the main challenges and opportunities regarding the application of the MNPs in this research field are discussed.

Zhu, C., Sheng, J.J., Ettehadtavakkol, A., Li, Y., Dong, M., 2020. Numerical and experimental study of oil transfer in laminated shale. International Journal of Coal Geology 217, 103365.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166516219305129 Lamination is ubiquitous in shale oil reservoirs and significantly influences the oil transfer process. Understanding oil transfer in laminated shale is important for shale oil reservoir development. Therefore, a mathematic model is developed to describe the processes involved in vacuum-imbibition tests. In constructing the mathematic model, viscous flow in inorganic pore, oil adsorption, and absorption in organic matter, and oil diffusion through organic matter surface and interior are considered. In addition, a crucial link between the model and physical characteristics of shale (specific surface area, clay content, and total organic carbon content) is established. The results reveal that the saturation capacities of free oil, adsorbed oil, and absorbed oil in shale depend on the porosity, specific surface area and volume of organic matter, respectively. The oil contents in the adsorption and absorption phase range from 2.2% to 8.3% and 41.8% to 51.4% of the total oil content for the three samples in this study, respectively. When the equilibrium time is used to determine the oil transfer in shale, a larger specific surface area, a smaller thickness of lamination, and smaller volume fractions of organic - clay matrix to total volume of the samples hasten oil transfer. Also, an ideal vacuum-imbibition process of oil in laminated shale is discussed. The results reveal that oil diffusion through the surface of organic matter accelerates the oil transfer in laminated shale. However, the effect of the effectivity diffusion coefficient of oil in the adsorption phase (Ds) on the oil transfer is smaller than that of the effectivity diffusion coefficient of oil in the absorption phase (Dd).

Zhu, G., Yan, H., Chen, W., Yan, L., Zhang, K., Li, T., Chen, Z., Wu, G., Santosh, M., 2020. Discovery of Cryogenian interglacial source rocks in the northern Tarim, NWChina: Implications for Neoproterozoic paleoclimatic reconstructions and hydrocarbon exploration. Gondwana Research 80, 370-384.

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