thermal cracking gas of autochthonous source rocks. Second, the natural gas in the third and fourth Members of Shahejie Formation in Well Yongxie 932 is the thermal cracking gas of autochthonous source rocks, but deep gas charging occurred in particular hole sections. Third, the carbon isotope of associated gas in Well block Yan 22 is high in the central area and low in both sides and high in the south and low in the north, which is accordant with the distribution characteristics of reservoir physical properties, indicating that the charging of high-maturity natural gas is under the control of reservoir physical properties. Fourth, the oil in Well block Yan 22 is the product of autochthonous source rocks in the mature stage while the natural gas is the autochthonous oil-associated gas combined with the charging of deep high-maturity product. It is concluded that there is a high-maturity hydrocarbon charging area in the northwest of the northern slope of the Minfeng sub-sag, and it is a favorable hydrocarbon e xploration target. What's more, the on -site carbon isotope rapid detection technology can provide a large number of continuous three-dimensional carbon isotope data, and it can be used to quickly analyze the characteristics of hydrocarbon charging and determine the source and origin of hydrocarbon, so as to provide reference for hydrocarbon development deployment.

Cierniak, D., Woźniak - Karczewska, M., Parus, A., Wyrwas, B., Loibner, A.P., Heipieper, H.J., Ławniczak, Ł., Chrzanowski, Ł., 2020. How to accurately assess surfactant biodegradation-impact of sorption on the validity of results. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 104, 1-12.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-10202-9 Surfactants not only are widely used in biotechnological processes but also constitute significant contaminants of the modern world. Among many reports, there is a shortage of works which summarize the issue of surfactant sorption to biomass in a way that would elucidate the biological factors for analysts and analytical factors for microbiologists. The main factor, which is not as obvious as one would expect, is associated with the susceptibility of analytical approaches to errors resulting from incorrect handling of biomass. In case of several publications reviewed in the framework of this study, it was not possible to establish whether the decrease of the analytical signal observed by the authors actually resulted from biodegradation of the surfactant. This review emphasizes the necessity to consider the possibility of surfactant sorption to microbial cells, which may result in significant detection errors as well as conceptual inconsistency. In addition, a reference study regarding representative surfactants (cationic, anionic and non-ionic) as well as yeast, Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacteria, and activated sludge was provided to highlight the possible errors which may arise from disregarding sorption processes when determining degradation of surfactants. This particularly applies to systems which include ionic surfactants and activated sludge as sorption may account for 90% of the observed depletion of the surfactant. Therefore, a systematic approach was proposed in order to improve the credibility of the obtained results. Finally, the need to employ additional procedures was highlighted which may be required in order to verify that the decrease of surfactant concentration results from biodegradation processes.

Cisneros-Dévora, R., Nieto-Álvarez, D.A., Cerón-Camacho, R., Pérez-Álvarez, M., Cartas-Rosado, A.R., Oviedo- Roa, R., Martínez-Magadán, J.M., Zamudio-Rivera, L.S., Pons-Jiménez, M., Hernández-Altamirano, R., Mena- Cervantes, V.Y., 2020. Molecular modeling, synthesis and characterization of branched geminal zwitterionic liquids for enhanced oil recovery. Arabian Journal of Chemistry 12, 4212-4219.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187853521630065X A Sulfobetaine-based Branched Geminal Zwitterionic Liquid (SBGZL) and another one based in hydroxysultaine (HBGZL), were synthesized and their performance evaluated in the enhancement of the oil recovery (EOR) when they are injected through flooding water into carbonate reservoirs. SBGZL obtained 39.4 %and 215.5% more recovery factor for light- and heavy-oil, respectively, than the obtained by a synthetic brine used as a reference; conversely, HBGZL obtained 37.5% and 44.7%, respectively. Density-Functional-Theory calculations of interaction energies reveal that both the SBGZL and HBGZL molecules adsorb on the carbonate surfaces stronger than an asphaltene molecule, implying that the good EOR performance of the zwitterionic liquids is due to the induced wettability change of the firstly-oil-wet carbonate surfaces.