In the late 50s a debate on the Oil depletion has been started which is continuing to the present day. Campbell largely updated Hubert's model with new reserve resources forecast and estimated that the world's oil production would peak around the 2004 - 2006 and then would decline over the years. Then was Campbell who proposed the term which was later widely used as the 'The peak Oil' to define the global maximum of the Oil production Time series. In this paper a scenario planning based on the expert-choices (participated by the OPEC experts and policy makers) combined with the Hubert's forecast method (based on the Monte-Carlo non-linear forecast Regression) is done for the peak-oil forecasting and three high score scenarios have been derived. The 'True me', the 'feigned sleep' and the death of the unity in which these scenarios are highly affected by the political environments of each. However, in one of the scenarios because of the tensions in the political environment the peak oil will not occur by 2040 but the other scenarios show that peak oil maybe is sooner than the world expects (the mid-2020s) and energy supply and demand markets must be ready for this phenomena.

Nunes, V.O., Silva, R.V.S., Romeiro, G.A., Azevedo, D.A., 2020. The speciation of the organic compounds of slow pyrolysis bio-oils from Brazilian tropical seed cake fruits using high- resolution techniques: GC×GC -TOFMS and ESI(±)-Orbitrap HRMS. Microchemical Journal 153, 104514.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0026265X19323549 In view of increasing energy needs in modern society and the desire to replace current energy sources with clean and sustainable ones, biomass is now considered to be a renewable energy source with considerable potential. As Brazil is a major agricultural producer, the reuse of its agroindustrial residues is being explored to find ways to utilize this waste. In the current study, soursop seed cake (SSC) and bocaiuva seed cake (BSC) were processed using slow pyrolysis to obtain bio-oil. Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) with time -of- flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) (GC × GC -TOFMS), and positive ion and negative ion (±) electrospray ionization (ESI), coupled with Orbitrap high-resolution (HR) mass spectrometry (MS) (HRMS) (i.e., ESI(±)-Orbitrap HRMS), was performed to provide complementary and comprehensive characterization of the bio-oils, without pre-treatment. As a result, 414 and 222 analytes were tentatively identified in the SSC and BSC bio-oils, respectively. The tentatively identified compound classes were acids, esters, ketones, phenols, cyclopentanones, furanes, diols, amides, pyridines, pyrroles, and hydrocarbons. m/z Compounds with molecular weights in the range of 100 - 300 were detected in the bio-oils using ESI(±)- Orbitrap HRMS. The N2 class was the most abundant in positive ion mode, representing 37% and 48% of relative abundance in the SSC and the BSC bio-oils, respectively. These data support the data obtained using GC×GC -TOFMS. The O2 heteroatom class was the most abundant for both types of bio-oil in negative ion mode, which were assigned to the carboxylic acid class previously identified by GC×GC -TOFMS. Lauric, palmitic, and oleic acids were found to be in high abundance, similar to the results achieved using GC× GC - TOFMS.

Nytoft, H.P., Fyhn, M.B.W., Hovikoski, J., Rizzi, M., Abatzis, I., Tuan, H.A., Tung, N.T., Huyen, N.T., Cuong, T.X., Nielsen, L.H., 2020. Biomarkers of Oligocene lacustrine source rocks, Beibuwan-Song Hong basin junction, offshore northern Vietnam. Marine and Petroleum Geology 114, 104196.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264817219306506 Highly oil prone source rocks containing sapropelic Type I and mixed Types I and III kerogen are found in 233 mof the 500 mdeep, fully cored ENRECA-3 well drilled on Bach Long Vi Island, located at the junction between the Beibuwan and the Song Hong basins offshore northern Vietnam. The cored succession is made up entirely by Oligocene, deep lacustrine deposits. The origin of the organic matter (OM) in 62 samples is evaluated on the basis of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS and GC-MS/MS). OMin 55 samples is sourced primarily from lacustrine organisms and contains abundant 4-methylsteranes, tetracyclic polyprenoids (TPP) and lycopane, and no markers for marine organic matter. The proportion of triterpanes derived from angiosperms is low in most saturated fractions and only traces of gymnosperm diterpanes are detected. In contrast, all aromatic fractions have a high proportion of compounds having an origin from both gymnosperms and angiosperms. Very high concentrations of hopanoids in both fractions suggest significant bacterial alteration of the original OM. Most samples have a high concentration of rare C diaromatic 8,14- 31 secohopanes with a fluorene moiety. Low pristane/phytane (Pr/Ph) ratios indicate that anoxic/suboxic bottom