The glacial-interglacial transitions of ice ages are associated with large, rapid changes in climate, which potentially can be reconstructed from stratigraphic profiles of the chemical index of alteration (CIA). Here, we present a case study based on high-resolution CIA profiles of Neoproterozoic glacial deposits from South China (paleolatitude ~30° N) as a record of the climate transition at the termination of the Sturtian Glaciation (~663 Ma). Drillcore ZK2115 (Gaodi Deposit) exhibits a progressive upsection increase in mean CIA over a ~50-m th th interval, from 58 (range 52 - 65; note: all ranges are given as 16 - 84 percentiles) in the synglacial upper Tiesi'ao Formation to 67 (range 64 - 69) in the deglacial basal Datangpo Formation cap carbonates, and to 68 (range 66 - 70) in the postglacial Datangpo Formation black shales. A coeval section from the Lijiawan Deposit also exhibits an increasing CIA trend upsection within shallow-water Mn-carbonate facies. These CIA patterns show no relationship to lithology and are interpreted to reflect climatic warming and intensified chemical weathering during the Sturtian deglaciation. Similar large increases in postglacial CIA values are seen in Paleoproterozoic and Late Paleozoic successions, and at least moderate increases in CIA values are recorded during warm stages of the late Quaternary (e.g., the Bølling-Allerød and Holocene) relative to the cold stages (e.g., the Last Glacial Maximum and Younger Dryas). The rapidity of CIA changes in Quaternary systems (~1 to 10 kyr) suggests that weathering intensity may have changed at similarly rapid rates in more poorly dated deep-time glacial successions, with potential implications for Snowball versus Slushball models of Cryogenian glaciations. These examples show that CIA can be a robust proxy for climate changes (i.e., enhanced chemical weathering intensity) during glacial-interglacial transitions of both ancient and recent ice ages.

Wang, Q., Yang, S., Lorinczi, P., Glover, P.W.J., Lei, H., 2020. Experimental investigation of oil recovery performance and permeability damage in multilayer reservoirs after CO and water - alternating-CO (CO - wag) 2 2 2 flooding at miscible pressures. Energy &Fuels 34, 624-636.

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b02786 Blockage in reservoirs caused by asphaltene deposits and inorganic interactions is a serious problem that may exacerbate the complexity of displacement characteristics in heterogeneous multilayer sandstone reservoirs and affect crude oil recovery performance during CO and CO - WAGflooding. In this study, experiments of both 2 2 CO and CO - WAGflooding were carried out on the same multilayer systems under miscible conditions (70 2 2 °C, 18 MPa). The two flooding methods were evaluated for oil production performance and reservoir damage. The experimental results indicate that, after CO flooding, the entire system has a low oil recovery factor (RF) 2 of 27.6%, and oil is produced mainly from the high permeability layer (91.4%), while the residual oil remains predominantly in the medium and low permeability layers. The injection pressure of CO - WAGflooding is 2 high, but the timing of CO breakthrough (BT) is late, and the oil RF of the entire system reaches 44.5%. The 2 contribution rate of oil production in medium and low permeability layers is improved to 3.8% and 17.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the permeability of the high permeability layer decreases by 16.8% after CO 2 flooding, which is mainly due to asphaltene precipitation. However, after CO - WAGflooding, the permeability 2 of each layer is significantly reduced, namely by 29.4%, 16.8%, and 6.9%, respectively. Asphaltene precipitation is still the main factor, but permeability decline caused by CO - brine - rock interactions cannot be 2 ignored, especially in the high permeability layer (6.1%). Therefore, for multilayer reservoirs with high heterogeneity, CO - WAGflooding provides the better oil displacement performance, but prevention and 2 control measures for asphaltene precipitation are more necessary.

Wang, S., Li, S., Du, D., Wang, D., Yan, W., 2020. Conjugative transfer of Megaplasmids pND6 - 1 and pND6 - 2 enhancing naphthalene degradation in aqueous environment: characterization and bioaugmentation prospects. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 104, 861-871.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-10273-8 Pseudomonas putida Introduction: Naphthalene catabolic strain ND6 harbors two megaplasmids pND6 - 1 and pND6 - 2; naphthalene-degrading associated genes are located on pND6 - 1, while plasmid pND6 - 2 possesses potential coding genes for conjugative transfer.