zones have significantly different p-wave impedances and low-velocity anomalies than the overlying GHBZ and surrounding strata. These anomalous zones are controlled by the structural attitude of the reservoir strata, which are characterized as inter-bedded stratigraphic units. Variations in the type and geological characteristics of the hydrocarbon migration pathways were observed between sites W18 and W19 on the western ridge and sites W11 and W17 on the eastern ridge in the GMGS study area. The efficiency of gas migration in the western ridge may be higher than that in the eastern ridge, resulting in variations in hydrate gas types, thickness of the GHBZ, and gas migration flux and accumulation. Except for site W11, hydrates were recovered below the structure I inferred BSR at sites W17, W18, and W19. The gas-hydrate stability zone calculations reveal that the structure I hydrate stability zone differs from the BSR depth and is generally shallower than the base of the logging anomaly, indicating the coexistence of structure I and II hydrates. The BSR is not indicative of the BGHSZ; it is rather regarded as a transitional indicator of structure I and II gas hydrates in the GHPTR. The appearance of free gas and hydrates below the structure I inferred BSR indicates that the Shenhu area is characterized by a complex hydrate formation and accumulation system resulting from the supply of biogenic and thermogenic gases. Despite fine-grained host sediments predominating the GHPTR, the coupling of favorable conditions including efficient hydrocarbon generation, sufficient gas supply, multiple pathways for gas migration, and relatively high reservoir porosity have led to the development of highly saturated gas-hydrate accumulations within relatively thick sedimentary sections, which demonstrates a significant resource potential.

Zhang, X., Li, S., Yan, M., Wang, X., Geng, G., 2020. Early Cretaceous black shale in the Fajiaying Formation (Lingshan Island, East China): Terrestrial record of hothouse climate. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 191, 104200.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1367912019305528 The significance of Cretaceous hothouse climate in terrestrial systems is currently unclear, and its records in terrestrial strata are rarely reported. This study investigated the sedimentary environment of the Fajiaying Formation, characterised by abundant black shale and soft-sediment deformation structures. Five lithofacies have been identified for the Fajiaying Formation, e.g. Facies A: black shale with siltstone inter-bedding, Facies B: black and gray-black shale and siltstone alternations with minor sandstone, Facies C: black and gray-black shale interbedded with gray-black sandstone, Facies D: pebbly sandstone and Facies E: gray-black shale and siltstone. The average TOC content of the shales decreases from facies A (av. 1.32%) to facies E (av. 0.46%) through facies B (av. 0.57%) and facies C (av. 0.40%). The paleosalinity gradually decreases from lithofacies A to lithofacies E, corresponding to the change of paleoclimate. In addition, Bivariate Scatter Plot of SiO and 2 Al O + K O + Na O and the clay mineral assemblages suggest an arid climate. Combined with distribution 2 3 2 2 characteristics and paleontology of saliferous strata in eastern China, we determine that hothouse climate influenced the salification of lakes located in eastern China during the Early Cretaceous. Furthermore, the Fajiaying Formation in Lingshan Island was deposited in a terrestrial salified lake. Salinization of the sedimentary water bodies of the Fajiaying Formation might be related to an oceanic anoxic event. The black shale developed extensively in the Fajiaying Formation and represents the terrestrial record of hothouse climate.

Zhang, X., Mell, A., Li, F., Thaysen, C., Musselman, B., Tice, J., Vukovic, D., Rochman, C., Helm, P.A., Jobst, K.J., 2020. Rapid fingerprinting of source and environmental microplastics using direct analysis in real time- high resolution mass spectrometry. Analytica Chimica Acta 1100, 107-117.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003267019314412 Microplastics are ubiquitous in the aquatic and terrestrial environment. To prevent further contamination, methods to determine their sources are needed. Techniques to quantify and characterize microplastics in the environment are still evolving for polymers and the additives and leachable substances embedded therein, which constitute the 'chemical fingerprint' of an environmental microplastic. There is a critical need for analytical methods that yield such diagnostic information on environmental microplastics that enables identification of their composition and sources of pollution. This study reports on a novel approach for rapid fingerprinting of environmental microplastics and the screening of additives using Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART)-high resolution mass spectrometry. A variety of plastic samples were investigated, including virgin pre-production pellets, microbeads from personal care products, microplastics found in the aquatic environment,