applications of hydrate technology, including natural gas storage, water desalination, CO - CH exchange in 2 4 hydrate deposits and prevention of hydrate plugs in conventional energy transportation.

Su, C., Zhang, M., Lin, L., Yu, G., Zhong, H., Chong, Y., 2020. Reduction of iron oxides and microbial community composition in iron-rich soils with different organic carbon as electron donors. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 148, 104881.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0964830519311084 In order to indicate the effect of carbon sources on the composition of dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria (DIRB) and the reduction characteristics of iron oxides in the soils, different carbon sources (glucose, starch, acetate, and plant biomass) were selected and mixed with red soil for anaerobic conservation. During the process, COD, Fe (Ⅱ), and pH were monitored, and the composition of the microbial community was analyzed. The results show that the amount of reducible ferric iron in red soils differed depending on the carbon source. For example, the amount of reducible ferric iron in the plant biomass system was much higher than in the other three. High throughput sequencing results showed that each system had 1 - 2 dominant species (operational taxonomy units) with relative abundance (>12%) much higher than others. The predominant DIRB in the Clostridium glucose, starch, and acetic acid systems were the same as found in previous studies. They were Geobacter species in both glucose and starch systems, and was in acetic acid systems. However, the dominant Ignavibacteriaceae, species in the plant biomass system, those belonging to are seldom reported DIRB. Although species from the family were reported to have iron reduction ability, they have never been identified as a dominant group in the iron reduction process before.

Sun, P., Cai, C., Tang, Y., Tao, Z., Zhao, W., 2020. A new approach to investigate effects of biodegradation on pyrrolic compounds by using a modified Manco scale. Fuel 265, 116937.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016236119323300 Biodegradation of pyrrolic compounds which are not in the Peters and Moldowan's scale (PM level) has been rarely reported. A suite of oil samples produced from the Neogene Guantao (Ng) Formation in the Bohai Bay Basin were analyzed. They have similar maturity and were derived from similar parent organic matter. The oil samples were assorted into different biodegradation degrees by using modified Manco Number 2 (MN2). Carbazole, methylcarbazole and dimethylcarbazole are found to have been biodegraded, resulting in the decrease in their absolute concentrations with increasing MN2. Alkylcarbazoles are found to be more susceptible to biodegradation than benzocarbazoles, among which, benzo[b]carbazole is the most resistant and 3-methylcarbazole is more resistant than other methylcarbazoles, thus both benzocarbazoles/total carbazoles and 3-methylcarbazole/total methylcarbazoles ratios rise with MN2 values. The bio-resistant sequence of dimethylcarbazole(DMC) is N - H[C1]semi-shielded > exposed > shielded isomers. Compared to the PM level, the Manco scale is more suitable to evaluate the variation patterns of pyrrolic compounds by expressing the level of biodegradation quantitatively with higher resolution than PM level.

Sun, Q., Fan, T.W.M., Lane, A.N., Higashi, R.M., 2020. Applications of chromatography-ultra high-resolution MS for stable isotope-resolved metabolomics (SIRM) reconstruction of metabolic networks. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 123, 115676.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165993619303978 Metabolism is a complex network of compartmentalized and coupled chemical reactions, which often involve transfers of substructures of biomolecules, thus requiring metabolite substructures to be tracked. Stable isotope resolved metabolomics (SIRM) enables pathways reconstruction, even among chemically identical metabolites, by tracking the provenance of stable isotope-labeled substructures using NMR and ultrahigh resolution (UHR) MS. The latter can resolve and count isotopic labels in metabolites and can identify isotopic enrichment in substructures when operated in tandem MS mode. However, MS2 is difficult to implement with chromatography-based UHR-MS due to lengthy MS1 acquisition time that is required to obtain the molecular