########## Guide for Preparing Technical Specifications

The purpose of the Technical Specifications (TS) is to define the technical characteristics of the Goods and Related Services required by the Purchaser. The TS, as a part of the Requirements, are a part of the Contract. The Purchaser must prepare the TS and include them as a part of the Bidding Documents, as applicable to each Contract. In preparing the TS, the Purchaser should consider the following:

- (a) Well-prepared TS will facilitate the examination, evaluation, and comparison of the Bids by the Purchaser, as the TS constitute the benchmarks against which the Purchaser will verify the technical responsiveness of bids and subsequently evaluate the bids;
- (b) The TS should require that all Goods and materials to be incorporated in the Goods be new, unused, and of the most recent or current models, and that they incorporate all recent improvements in design and materials, unless provided for otherwise in the contract;
- (c) The TS should make use of best practices. Samples of specifications from successful similar procurements in the same country or sector may provide a sound basis for drafting the TS;
- (d) Standardizing technical specifications under General Technical Specifications may be advantageous, depending on the complexity of the Goods and the repetitiveness of the type of procurement. Technical Specifications should be broad enough to avoid restrictions on workmanship, materials, and equipment commonly involved in manufacturing similar kinds of Goods, even if these may not necessarily apply to a particular procurement. Technical requirements for a particular procurement would be in each case specified through deletions or addenda to the Technical Specifications;
- (e) The specification of standards for equipment, materials, and workmanship shall not be restrictive. Recognized international standards should be specified as much as possible. When other standards or codes of practice are referred to in the TS, whether from the Purchaser's or from other countries, a statement should follow other authoritative standards that ensure at least a substantially equal quality, then the standards mentioned in the TS will also be acceptable;
- (f) Reference to brand names and catalogue numbers should be avoided as far as possible. But, where unavoidable, the words 'or at least equivalent' shall always follow such references.

Technical Specifications shall be fully descriptive of the requirements in respect of, but not limited to, the following:

- (a) Standards of materials and workmanship required for the production and manufacturing of the Goods;
- (b) Detailed tests required (type and number);
- (c) Other additional work and/or Related Services required to achieve full delivery/completion;
- (d) Detailed activities to be performed by the Supplier, and participation of the Purchaser thereon;
- (e) List of detailed functional guarantees covered by the Warranty and the specification of the liquidated damages to be applied in the event that such guarantees are not met.

The TS shall specify all essential technical and performance characteristics and requirements, including guaranteed or acceptable maximum or minimum values, as appropriate. Whenever necessary, the Purchaser shall include an additional ad-hoc bidding form (to be an Attachment to the Bid Submission Form), where the Bidder shall provide detailed information on such technical performance characteristics in respect to the corresponding acceptable or guaranteed values. When the Purchaser requests that the Bidder provides in its Bid a part or all of the Technical Specifications, technical schedules, or other technical information, the Purchaser shall specify in detail the nature and extent of the required information and the manner in which it has to be presented by the Bidder in its Bid.

########## Guide on Drawings

The purpose of Drawings is to specify locations, dimensions, materials to be used, stages of manufacturing, and other characteristics of the Goods and Related Services. The Purchaser should prepare appropriate Drawings, as needed, and include them in the Bidding Documents. Such Drawings, as part of the Requirements, are part of the Contract. Similarly, the Purchaser may request the Supplier to provide Drawings either with its Bid, or for approval during Contract execution.

########## It is essential that the Purchaser prepare a List of Drawings showing all drawings it supplied and issued as part of the Bidding Documents.

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