Use of Decision Support Tools to Empower Pregnant Women: Systematic Review

Multimedia appendix 3: The characteristics of studies included in this review

Reference	Country	Study design	Population	DST intervention	Control	Outcome	Main results*
Depression
Hantsoo et al., 2018 [41]	USA	RCT	Pregnant women with depressive symptoms, <32 weeks of gestation I: n=48 C: n=24	Mood tracking and alert (MTA) mobile app + patient “portal” app	Patient portal app	Patient engagement and care satisfaction, 6- item, Likert-scale from “very poor” to “excellent” OR “Completely agree” to completely disagree”	41% of women in the MTA groups received a phone call from their providers, and had a higher rate of referral to a mental health specialist (P=.03). Their providers were also more likely to mention mental health (P=.02). No difference in confidence of managing their own health between the groups (6.1 vs. 6.1, P=.87)
Asthma
Zairina et al., 2016 [42]	Australia	Pro- spective multi- center single- blinded RCT	Pregnant women with asthma and < 20 weeks of gestation I: n=36 C: n=36	COPD-6 to measure lung function. App to record asthma symptoms and give automated feedback message	Standard care	Change of symptoms after 3 and 6 months ACQ, 7-item, 0-6 point scale 0: totally controlled 6: severe uncontrolled	Women using DST did not have better control of symptoms 3 months after baseline (-0.01 vs. 0.16, P=.260), however they did have better control of symptoms 6 months after baseline (-0.30 vs. 0.06, P=.020)
No difference between the groups after 3 and 6 months (3 months: 3.43 vs. 0.14, P=.05, 6 months: 1.53 vs. -0.56, P=.16)
Change in quality of life after 3 and 6 months, mAQLQ, 15-item, 0-7 point scale (Higher score indicates better quality of life)	No difference between the groups after 3 months (0.09 vs. -0-17, P=.15). The intervention group had a higher change in QOL after 6 months (0.51 vs. -0.22, P=.002)
Psychological well-being
Jareethum et al., 2008 [43]	Thailand	RCT	Pregnant women < 28 weeks of gestation I: n=32 C: n=20	SMS 2 times/week and a phone call at gestational week 32	Standard care	Satisfaction, questionnaire, 1-10 points scale (Higher score indicates higher satisfaction)	Women receiving SMS had a higher satisfaction score than women following standard care (9.3 vs. 8, P<.001)
Confidence, questionnaire, 1-10 points scale (Higher score indicates more confidence)	The group receiving SMS 2 times a week was significant more confidence (8.9 vs. 7.8, P=.001)
Anxiety, questionnaire, 1-10 points scale (Higher score indicates greater anxiety)	Women receiving SMS had lower anxiety score than women who did not receive SMS (2.8 vs. 4.9, P=.002)

RCT=randomized controlled trial, I=intervention group, C=control group, vs.=versus, DST=decision support tool, App=mobile application, p=p-value, DCS=decision conflict scale, PSK=prenatal screening knowledge, DRS=decision regret scale, STAI=Speilberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory, MMIC=multidimensional measure of informed choice, MSSKQ=Maternal Serum Screening Knowledge Questionnaire, EPDS=Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, GWG=gestational weight gain, BG=blood glucose, FBG=Fasting blood glucose, PBG=2-hour postprandial blood glucose, OMDTSQ=Oxford Maternity Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire, SMS=Short Message Service, HCP=Health care personnel, HEI=Healthy Eating Index, QFV=Dutch Quantity-Frequency-Variability, BP=blood pressure, PP=patient portal, CORD=chronic obstructive