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• endorsement of the FRC was the most likely to impact positively on an individual’s • endorsement of the FRC was the most likely to impact positively on an individual’s feelings of wellbeing, attitudes to health support seeking, and their desire to improve living conditions in the home. These current behaviours and attitudes are also used in this chapter as proxy outcome indicators. The strength of the relationship between explanatory variables (perceptions of strong • leadership and levels of responsibility, in addition to endorsement of the FRC) against outcome variables (perceptions of change and current behaviour and attitudes) indicated that, although there were similar levels of support for both leadership change and community engagement, the contribution of individual predictors differed in an important way. Views about the presence of strong current leadership were found to contribute more than FRC endorsement to perceptions of leadership change. The pattern was reversed for perceptions of change in community engagement, where it was found that FRC endorsement had a stronger impact than views about current leadership. The role of responsibility was almost identical in both models. Current community leadership and FRC authority therefore seem related but distinct in • people’s responses. People’s views about the presence of strong current leadership are related to perceptions of leadership change (i.e. agreement that there is more respect for elders in the last three years). However, endorsement of the FRC matters more to people’s perceptions of change in community engagement. People who endorse the FRC are more likely to agree that people are working better together to fix problems and are willing to put in an effort to make the community better for themselves and family than in 2008. In this analysis of the 582 responses to the social change survey, we found support for the theory of change. Results demonstrate that endorsement of the FRC, strong leadership and individual and family responsibility are correlated with each other and the outcome variables of interest, in line with what would be predicted by the trial logic. In the context of social psychology concerning community norm and behaviour change, these results suggest that institutional authority, community leadership and individual and family responsibility warrant careful consideration and systematic investigation. It is also possible that widespread beliefs that things can change and are improving may be important in building further momentum towards social norm and behaviour change. From a social psychological perspective and the trial logic, the success of the FRC (and other aspects of the trial) depends on the ongoing (re)definition and enactment of the community’s shared aspirations and goals. It is this group process that affects social norms and is a key behaviours.6 component of producing sustainable change at the level of individual attitudes and

### 5.3 and process of change 5.3 and process of change

A central aspect of the CYWR trial concerns social norms and social norm change. Building on theory and research across the social and behavioural sciences, the From hand out to hand up reports argue that part of the explanation for current social behaviours is a lack of social order and lack of strong positive community social norms. It is also recognised that such social norms can be changed through new institutions (such as the FRC), services and incentives. Kelman7, More specifically, drawing on the work of norm and behaviour change is conceptualised on a continuum from compliance to identification to internalisation. Compliance relates to a change of behaviour due to extrinsic rewards and punishments (e.g. the enforcement of laws), whereas internalisation denotes a shift towards intrinsic and self- reinforcing behaviour change.

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