3 in the smaller institutions was only available for the last years. It is likely that the reduction of psychiatric beds in Costa Rica after 1990 was even higher than depicted in our study. Data on the prison population for 1991 to 2017 was retrieved from reports of the Department for Investigations and Statistics of the Ministry of Justice. Ecuador: Data on the psychiatric bed capacities for 2000 to 2017 were retrieved from the Statistic Register of Hospital Bed (National Institute of Statistics and Census). Information was given on the official numbers of psychiatric beds and the actual availability, which was used for the panel data regression. The rates of prisoners 1991 to 2017 were provided by the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights, Department of Statistics and Economic Analysis. El Salvador: Salvador: Estimates for the rates of psychiatric beds were retrieved from WHO sources (WHO Mental Health Atlas 2001, 2005, 2014 and 2017). Data on prison population was provided by the Institute for Criminal Policy Research (1995, 2000) and the Ministry of Justice, Center of Penitentiary Information 2001 to 2017. Guatemala: The WHO Mental Health Atlas provided data for the years 2001 and 2005. The Ministry of Public Health informed us about the present provision of psychiatric beds and added that this quantity has not changed since 2011. The only hospital assigned to mental health provides treatment to patients in acute and chronic care units, forensic and geriatric psychiatric and emergency departments. Rates of prisoner populations were retrieved from the Center of Economic and Social Investigations CIEN. Honduras: For psychiatric bed capacities, the data point in 2001 is from WHO sources. For 2003 onwards, the Ministry of Health, Department of Statistics provided us with data. The information included the number of beds and the actual occupancy, which was used for panel data analyses. Data on prison populations from 1999 onwards were provided by the National Penitentiary Institute. For 1992 and 1995 data from the Institute for Criminal Policy Research was added. 3 in the smaller institutions was only available for the last years. It is likely that the reduction of psychiatric beds in Costa Rica after 1990 was even higher than depicted in our study. Data on the prison population for 1991 to 2017 was retrieved from reports of the Department for Investigations and Statistics of the Ministry of Justice. Ecuador: Data on the psychiatric bed capacities for 2000 to 2017 were retrieved from the Statistic Register of Hospital Bed (National Institute of Statistics and Census). Information was given on the official numbers of psychiatric beds and the actual availability, which was used for the panel data regression. The rates of prisoners 1991 to 2017 were provided by the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights, Department of Statistics and Economic Analysis. El Salvador: Salvador: Estimates for the rates of psychiatric beds were retrieved from WHO sources (WHO Mental Health Atlas 2001, 2005, 2014 and 2017). Data on prison population was provided by the Institute for Criminal Policy Research (1995, 2000) and the Ministry of Justice, Center of Penitentiary Information 2001 to 2017. Guatemala: The WHO Mental Health Atlas provided data for the years 2001 and 2005. The Ministry of Public Health informed us about the present provision of psychiatric beds and added that this quantity has not changed since 2011. The only hospital assigned to mental health provides treatment to patients in acute and chronic care units, forensic and geriatric psychiatric and emergency departments. Rates of prisoner populations were retrieved from the Center of Economic and Social Investigations CIEN. Honduras: For psychiatric bed capacities, the data point in 2001 is from WHO sources. For 2003 onwards, the Ministry of Health, Department of Statistics provided us with data. The information included the number of beds and the actual occupancy, which was used for panel data analyses. Data on prison populations from 1999 onwards were provided by the National Penitentiary Institute. For 1992 and 1995 data from the Institute for Criminal Policy Research was added.