funding support, please include “The author(s) received no specific funding for this study.” in the funding statement. Funding sources should not be written in the Acknowledgments or anywhere else in the manuscript file.

changes, highlights, comments or line numbers. Supplemetary figures must be clear and readable, and we recommend a minimum resolution of 300 dpi, figure legends must be clear and accurate. Supplementary materials must be mentioned in the main text. The citation format of Supplementary Figure, Table, Equation, etc., should start with a prefix S (i.e., Fig. S1, Eq. (S2), Table S1, etc.).

## Author Contributions

The Author Contributions statement is mandatory. It should represent all the authors and is to be included upon submission. It can be up to several sentences long and should briefly describe the tasks of individual authors. All listed authors should have substantially contributed to the manuscript and have approved the final submitted version, which should include a description of each author’s specific work and contribution. We suggest the following format for the contribution statement: The authors confirm contribution to the paper as follows: study conception and design: Firstname Lastname1, Firstname Lastname2; data collection: Firstname Lastname1; analysis and interpretation of results: Firstname Lastname1, Firstname Lastname2, Firstname Lastname3; draft manuscript preparation: Firstname Lastname2 and Firstname Lastname3. All authors reviewed the results and approved the final version of the manuscript. (Please provide the full names of authors when listing their contributions).

## References

Reference of a book:

Author AA. Title [Internet]. Publisher Location: Publisher; Year.

- 1. Murray PR, Rosenthal KS, Kobayashi GS, Pfaller MA. Medical microbiology [Internet]. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2002.

Reference of a book (works in non-English languages):

Author AA. English Title [Internet]. Publisher Location: Publisher; Year (In original language).

- 1. Zhou CH, Luo JC. Geo—Computing of high resolution satellite remote sensing images [Internet]. China: Science Press; 2009. p. 1–3 (In Chinese).

Reference of a book chapter: Author AA. Chapter title. In: Authors. Title [Internet]. Publisher Location: Publisher; Year. Page.

## Availability of Data and Materials

- 1. Meltzer PS, Kallioniemi A, Trent JM. Chromosome alterations in human solid tumors. In: Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, editors. The genetic basis of human cancer [Internet]. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002. p. 93–113.

This statement—which is not required for review articles— should make clear how readers can access the data used in the study and explain why any unavailable data cannot be released.

Reference of journal article: Author AA. Title. Journal Name(abbreviation) [Internet]. Year Published; volume number(issue number):page number.

## Ethics Approva

Guidelines for ethical approval statements may differ based on the journal, a standard ethical approval statement will usually include:

- 1. Halpern SD, Ubel PA, Caplan AL. Solid-organ transplantation in HIV-infected patients. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 2002;347(4):284–7.
- 1. Whether or not the study included human or animal subjects. In all cases, the ethical approval status of the work should be stated in the ethical approval statement.
- 2. Hallal AH, Amortegui JD, Jeroukhimov IM, Casillas J, Schulman CI, Manning RJ, et al. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography accurately detects common bile duct stones in resolving gallstone pancreatitis. J Am Coll Surg [Internet]. 2005;200(6):869–75.
- 2. The committee which approved the study.
- 3. The compliance documents. What policies, declarations, acts, etc.
- 4. Persistent identifier: reference or approval number. Include the registration ID/reference number if applicable.
- 3. Kanneganti P, Harris JD, Brophy RH, Carey JL, Lattermann C, Flanigan DC. The effect of smoking on ligament and cartilage surgery in the knee: a systematic review. Am J Sports Med [Internet]. 2012;40(12):2872–8. Available from: http://ajs.sagepub.com/content/40/12/2872 doi: 10.1177/03635465124582236.
- 5. “Not applicable.” for studies not involving humans or animals

## Conflicts of Interest

Authors must declare all potential conflicts of interest; if they have none to declare, they should state plainly, “The author(s) declare(s) no conflicts of interest to report regarding the present study.”

Reference of an online source: Author AA. Title. URL. [Year Published].

- 1. Atluri SN. The meshless method (MLPG) for domain & BIE discretizations. Available from: http://www.techscience.com/info/mlpg\_atluri. [Accessed 2004].

## Supplementary Materials

Reference of a thesis: Author AA. Title (Level). Institution Name: Location; Year Published.

Supplementary Materials should be uploaded separately on submission. The supplementary files will also be available to the referees as part of the peer-review process. Any file format is acceptable; however, we recommend that common, non-proprietary formats are used where possible. Supplementary materials should be clean, without tracked

- 1. Darius H. Savant syndrome-theories and empirical findings (Ph.D. Thesis). University of Turku: Finland; 2014.