expressed in the previous chapter. If we accept the evidence that ozone generates crucial messengers, such as ROS, LOPs, metabolic intermediates and autacoids that undergo dilution, degradation and excretion but that, after binding to cell receptors, can express pharmacological effects, we have to consider that a minimal stimulation or a small blood volume, may correspond only to either a placebo or to a homeopathic effect. Our contention is supported by the experimental finding that, in critical stages of Chapter 6 40 The Actual Six Therapeutic Modalities hind limb ischemia, a dramatic improvement was observed immediately after the first treatment performed with large volumes (810-4800 ml of blood). Our standard approach has been to perform 2 or 3 treatments weekly, usually using 225 ml of blood each time, for 13-15 sessions. This schedule is practical, appears effective in most patients but can be modified to satisfy individual requirements. Has the classical AHT any other disadvantage? The limitation of blood volume can be easily overcome by performing successively up to three AHTs, within two hours, on the whole ozonating about 750 ml of blood without any side effects, as I have tested on myself and in several patients. Unless the ozonetherapist owns a reliable portable generator, domiciliary treatment, that could be very useful in some emergencies, cannot be performed. Nevertheless, superficiality and malpractice are endless and one German ozonetherapist boasted of performing several AHTs every morning by first loading with ozone small glass bottles at his clinics and then going around town to the patients’ homes to give treatments, disregarding the fact that ozone concentration halves every 30-40 min. A correct reinfusion of 250 ml blood plus Na citrate takes about 20 min and then we must carefully check the haemostasis and avoid haematic extravasation which may compromise the continuation of the therapy. Great care must be exercised to maintain the venous access in the best condition, particularly in women. Risk of infections (HIV, HCV, etc.) among patients and ozonetherapist must be prevented and we fully agree with Webster et al. (2000) that some mistakes, e.g. repeatedly using a contaminated needle, or a syringe, or a solution, are inadmissible. If, SEVERAL AHTs ARE PERFORMED SIMULTANEOUSLY, ALL GLASS BOTTLES MUST HAVE THE PATIENT’S NAME to prevent mistakes during reinfusion, with possible dramatic consequences. In any case, we write the name even for a single AHT. One difficult question to answer is if we can perform an ozonated wellcharacterised, allogeneic blood transfusion in cachectic, anemic or in AIDS patients. While, after having performed 8000 autologous transfusions, there has not been a single case of transfusion-related acute lung injury or other noxious effects, we need to be very careful regarding a blood allogeneic transfusion deleterious effect. If it is absolutely necessary, blood must be subjected to a leukocytes and platelets depletion step (Williamson, 2000) and then, after ozonation, must be infused very slowly. Provided it is done with great caution and very SLOW infusion, the ozonated allogeneic blood transfusion may help critical patients. Finally AHT has a few potential drawbacks: the first is that AHT is not a simple little pill to swallow at home because the patient must go to a public or private clinic to receive the treatment. As a consequence, AHT can be advised only when absolutely indispensable and not replaceable by an equally effective conventional medication. However I have learnt that 41 Chapter 6