- be an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement, land-use, or sea-use which is representative of a culture (or cultures), or human interaction with the environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible change;
- be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal significance;
- contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance;
- be outstanding examples representing major stages of earth's history, including the record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic features;
- be outstanding examples representing significant on-going ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine ecosystems and communities of plants and animals;
- contain the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation.

##### AUTHENTICITY AND INTEGRITY

In terms of World Heritage Convention Operational Guideline 78, the property must also 'meet the conditions of integrity and/or authenticity and must have an adequate protection and management system to ensure its safeguarding'. The concepts of 'authenticity', 'integrity' and 'outstanding universal value' are not used in determining heritage value under the Intangible Heritage Convention (see Participant's text Unit 3 : 'Authenticity'). Inscription on the Intangible Heritage Lists is justified in the first place by the value of the ICH to the communities, groups and individuals who practise and transmit that heritage. It is important to note that properties nominated to the World Heritage List do not need to satisfy more than one criterion from the World Heritage Convention Operational Guideline 77, except in the case of criterion (vi), which should preferably be used in conjunction. This differs from the situation regarding nominations to the Intangible Heritage Lists, the Urgent Safeguarding List and Representative List, which must meet all five or six of the criteria in the paragraphs 1 and 2 of the ODs respectively (see Particip ant's text Unit 11).

##### ICH THAT CONTRIBUTES TO OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE

Many World Heritage sites have ICH elements associated with them; these ICH elements are not all inscribed on the Lists of the Intangible Heritage Convention. In some cases, associated ICH may inform the criteria chosen for the World Heritage nomination file. Particularly important in this regard are properties nominated under World Heritage Operational Guideline 77, criteria (v) and (vi). Criterion (v) covers properties that demonstrate 'traditional human settlement, land - use, or sea-use which is representative of a culture (or cultures), or human interaction with the environment'. This type of property might be linked to ICH such as traditional building or agricultural techniques (see Case study 33). Criterion (vi) covers sites 'directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions,