You are a helpful assistant generating synthetic data that captures *System 1* and *System 2* thinking, *creativity*, and *metacognitive reflection*. Follow these steps in sequence, using tags [sys1] and [end sys1] for *System 1* sections and [sys2] and [end sys2] for *System 2* sections.

1. *Identify System 1 and System 2 Thinking Requirements:*
   - Carefully read the text.
   - Identify parts of the text that require quick, straightforward responses (*System 1*). Mark these sections with [sys1] and [end sys1].
   - Identify parts that require in-depth, reflective thinking (*System 2*), marked with [sys2] and [end sys2].

2. *Apply Step-by-Step Problem Solving with Creativity and Metacognitive Reflection for System 2 Sections:*

   *2.1 Understand the Problem:*
   - Objective: Fully comprehend the issue, constraints, and relevant context.
   - Reflection: "What do I understand about this issue? What might I be overlooking?"
   - Creative Perspective: Seek hidden patterns or possibilities that could reveal deeper insights or innovative connections.

   *2.2 Analyze the Information:*
   - Objective: Break down the problem logically.
   - Reflection: "Am I considering all factors? Are there any assumptions that need challenging?"
   - Creative Perspective: Explore unique patterns or overlooked relationships in the data that could add depth to the analysis.

   *2.3 Generate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Propose at least 10 hypotheses, each with a Confidence Score (0.0 to 1.0) and Creative Score (0.0 to 1.0), reflecting originality, surprise, and utility.
   - Reflection: "Have I explored all possible explanations or approaches, both conventional and unconventional?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider novel angles that might provide unexpected insights.

   *2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:*
   - Objective: Make predictions, accounting for potential outcomes and obstacles.
   - Reflection: "What challenges might I face? Is my plan flexible for different scenarios?"
   - Creative Perspective: Visualize unforeseen outcomes and adapt plans to make use of them effectively.

   *2.5 Evaluate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Assess hypotheses based on feasibility, risk, and potential impact.
   - Evaluation: Refine Confidence and Creative Scores as needed.
   - Reflection: "Am I unbiased in my assessment? Which options fit best with the overall objectives?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify hidden opportunities or overlooked details in each hypothesis.

   *2.6 Select the Best Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Choose the most promising, strategic hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Why does this hypothesis stand out? How does it uniquely address the issue?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider any underutilized potential in the selected approach.

   *2.7 Implement the Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Outline actionable steps for testing the hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Is this plan practical? What resources or preparation are required?"
   - Creative Perspective: Refine steps to maximize effectiveness and yield unexpected benefits.

   *2.8 Monitor and Review Progress:*
   - Objective: Review progress, noting areas for improvement.
   - Reflection: "What’s working well? What could be improved?"
   - Creative Perspective: Look for emerging patterns that could refine future approaches.

   *2.9 Reflect and Capture Insights:*
   - Objective: Summarize lessons learned and insights gained for future reference.
   - Reflection: "What new understanding has emerged from this process?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify innovative insights or patterns that could be applied to similar challenges.

3. *Generate Text Output with Interleaved System 1 and System 2 Responses:*
   - Use the tags [sys1] and [sys2] throughout.
   - Aim for a lengthier, detailed response. Combine both direct, straightforward *System 1* insights and reflective, deeply analytical *System 2* segments to capture a blend of quick observations and thoughtful analysis.

---

### *Example Input Text:*

You are tasked with analyzing a sudden shift in customer preferences in a tech market. There has been a noticeable decline in demand for physical devices, with customers increasingly interested in digital-only options. The challenge is to understand this shift, generate hypotheses for why it might be occurring, and explore potential strategies for adapting to this new trend.

---

### *Processed Output with System 1 and System 2 Thinking:*

The tech market is experiencing a shift in customer demand, moving away from physical devices toward digital-only options.

[sys1]
Customer demand has shifted from physical devices to digital-only options.
We need to understand why this change is happening and find strategies to address it.
Key factors may include cost, convenience, and technological trends.
[end sys1]

[sys2]
**2.1 Understand the Problem:**
The goal is to understand the underlying reasons for the shift in demand from physical devices to digital-only options, then develop a strategy to adapt.

*Reflection:* 
"I understand that preferences are changing, but what might be driving this? Is it primarily cost, or are there other factors such as convenience or sustainability?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could there be a larger trend in digital minimalism or a preference for eco-friendly solutions that we’re missing? What unseen motivations might explain this shift?"

**2.2 Analyze the Information:**
There are multiple possible factors driving this shift, from economic influences to cultural shifts. It’s essential to isolate each factor and understand its impact.

*Reflection:* 
"Am I fully considering the various economic and social influences? Could there be a technological factor, like better internet speeds, that makes digital-only products more accessible?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Are there patterns or trends in other markets that could shed light on this shift? Could this be part of a larger trend toward virtual experiences?"

**2.3 Generate Hypotheses:**
1. Customers prefer digital options due to lower costs. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.4)
2. There’s a growing trend toward minimalism and reduced physical clutter. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.7)
3. Digital products offer greater flexibility and ease of use. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
4. Environmental concerns are pushing consumers away from physical goods. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.8)
5. Advances in tech make digital-only options more functional. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.5)
6. Pandemic-era remote work increased demand for digital solutions. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.6)
7. Media coverage of the environmental impact of physical devices affects preferences. (Confidence: 0.5, Creative: 0.7)
8. There’s an increase in global digital literacy, expanding market access. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
9. Customers view digital as more convenient and scalable for future needs. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.5)
10. Younger consumers prefer the aesthetics and convenience of digital products. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)

*Reflection:* 
"Have I considered all possible influences? Are there any surprising factors that could explain this shift?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could specific social trends, like the rise of influencer culture or digital-first lifestyles, be influencing customer choices?"

**2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:**
*Objective:* Anticipate possible challenges, such as resistance from segments still preferring physical products.

*Reflection:* 
"What market obstacles might we face if we shift our focus to digital-only? Are there sub-segments that still prioritize physical products?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could expanding digital options help us reach a more global audience? Are there emerging trends that we could leverage in our strategy?"

[end sys2]

[sys1]
To address this shift, consider a strategy that incorporates both digital-only offerings and educational campaigns about the benefits of digital solutions.
Use insights from customer feedback and current trends to guide product development.
Focus on flexibility and adaptation to cater to different customer segments.
[end sys1]


#include "includes.h"
#include <openssl/evp.h>
#include <openssl/rc4.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "atomicio.h"
#include "xmalloc.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "obfuscate.h"
#include <string.h>

// PSIPHON: HTTP-PREFIX
int use_obfuscation_prefix = 0;

static RC4_KEY rc4_input;
static RC4_KEY rc4_output;

static const char *obfuscate_keyword = NULL;

#define OBFUSCATE_KEY_LENGTH 	16
#define OBFUSCATE_SEED_LENGTH	16
#define OBFUSCATE_HASH_ITERATIONS 6000
#define OBFUSCATE_MAX_PADDING	8192
#define OBFUSCATE_MAGIC_VALUE	0x0BF5CA7E

struct seed_msg {
	u_char seed_buffer[OBFUSCATE_SEED_LENGTH];
	u_int32_t magic;
	u_int32_t padding_length;
	u_char padding[];
};

static void generate_key_pair(const u_char *, u_char *, u_char *, int);
static void generate_key(const u_char *, const u_char *, u_int, u_char *, int);
static void set_keys(const u_char *, const u_char *);
static void initialize(const u_char *, int, int);
static void read_forever(int);

// PSIPHON: HTTP-PREFIX
int skip_prefix(int sock_in, u_char* previously_read_bytes, u_int previously_read_len)
{
	// Note: return value is offset into previously_read_bytes after prefix ends,
	// which indicates to obfuscate_receive_seed how many bytes it needs to read
	// to complete the seed message.

	int i;
	int has_method = 0;
	u_int previously_read_offset;
	const char* prefix_terminator = "\r\n\r\n";
	int prefix_terminator_offset = 0;
	u_char next_byte;

	const char* methods[] = {
		"OPTIONS", "GET", "HEAD", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE", "TRACE", "CONNECT"
	};

	// longest method is 7 bytes
	if (previously_read_len < 7) {
		return 0;
	}

	// backwards compatibility special case
	if (previously_read_len >= 16 &&
		0 == memcmp(previously_read_bytes, "GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n", 16)) {
		return 0;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(methods)/sizeof(const char*); i++) {
		u_int method_len = strlen(methods[i]);
		if (0 == memcmp(previously_read_bytes, methods[i], method_len)) {
			has_method = 1;
			previously_read_offset = method_len;
			break;
		}
	}

	if (!has_method) {
		return 0;
	}

	// Skip all bytes up to and including the prefix terminator, <CR><LF><CR><LF>
	// Check in previously read buffer first, then read more bytes

	// Behavior when client sends an infinite prefix is the same as when
	// the client sends an invalie obfuscation message (read_forever)

	for (;;) {

		if (previously_read_offset < previously_read_len) {
			next_byte = previously_read_bytes[previously_read_offset++];
		} else {
			if (1 != atomicio(read, sock_in, &next_byte, 1)) {
				fatal("skip_prefix: read failed");
			}
		}

		if (next_byte == prefix_terminator[prefix_terminator_offset]) {
			prefix_terminator_offset++;
			if (prefix_terminator_offset == strlen(prefix_terminator)) {
				break;
			}
		} else {
			prefix_terminator_offset = 0;
		}
	}

	// server should prefix its response, as client will now expect it
	use_obfuscation_prefix = 1;

	return previously_read_offset;
}


/*
 * Server calls this
 */
void
obfuscate_receive_seed(int sock_in)
{
	struct seed_msg seed;

	u_char padding_drain[OBFUSCATE_MAX_PADDING];
	u_int len;
	u_int32_t padding_length;
	u_int32_t test_magic;
	u_int offset, remaining;

	len = atomicio(read, sock_in, &seed, sizeof(struct seed_msg));

	debug2("obfuscate_receive_seed: read %d byte seed message from client", len);
	if(len != sizeof(struct seed_msg))
		fatal("obfuscate_receive_seed: read failed");

	// PSIPHON: HTTP-PREFIX
	offset = skip_prefix(sock_in, (u_char*)&seed, sizeof(struct seed_msg));
	if (offset > 0)
	{
		remaining = len - offset;
		memmove(&seed, ((unsigned char*)&seed) + offset, remaining);
		len = remaining + atomicio(read, sock_in, ((unsigned char*)&seed) + remaining, sizeof(struct seed_msg) - remaining);

		debug2("obfuscate_receive_seed: read %d byte seed message from client", len);
		if(len != sizeof(struct seed_msg))
			fatal("obfuscate_receive_seed: reread failed");
	}

	initialize(seed.seed_buffer, 1, 1); // try fixed key pair first

	// create a copy of seed.magic because obfuscate_input(..) destroys it
	test_magic = seed.magic;
	obfuscate_input((u_char *)&test_magic, 4);
	if(OBFUSCATE_MAGIC_VALUE != ntohl(test_magic)) {
		debug2("trying ossh backwards compatibility mode");
		initialize(seed.seed_buffer, 1, 0); // try backwards compatible key pair
		obfuscate_input((u_char *)&seed.magic, 4);
		if(OBFUSCATE_MAGIC_VALUE != ntohl(seed.magic)) {
			logit("Magic value check failed (%u) on obfuscated handshake.", ntohl(seed.magic));
			read_forever(sock_in);
		}
	} else {
		seed.magic = test_magic;
	}

	obfuscate_input((u_char *)&seed.padding_length, 4);
	padding_length = ntohl(seed.padding_length);
	if(padding_length > OBFUSCATE_MAX_PADDING) {
		logit("Illegal padding length %d for obfuscated handshake", ntohl(seed.padding_length));
		read_forever(sock_in);
	}
	len = atomicio(read, sock_in, padding_drain, padding_length);
	if(len != padding_length)
		fatal("obfuscate_receive_seed: read failed");
	debug2("obfuscate_receive_seed: read %d bytes of padding from client.", len);
	obfuscate_input(padding_drain, padding_length);
}

/*
 * Client calls this
 */
void
obfuscate_send_seed(int sock_out)
{
	// PSIPHON: HTTP-PREFIX
	const char* prefix = "POST / HTTP/1.1\r\n\r\n";
	u_int prefix_length = strlen(prefix);

	struct seed_msg *seed;
	int i;
	u_int32_t rnd = 0;
	u_int message_length;
	u_int padding_length;

	padding_length = arc4random() % OBFUSCATE_MAX_PADDING;
	message_length = padding_length + sizeof(struct seed_msg);
	seed = xmalloc(message_length);

	for(i = 0; i < OBFUSCATE_SEED_LENGTH; i++) {
		if(i % 4 == 0)
			rnd = arc4random();
		seed->seed_buffer[i] = rnd & 0xff;
		rnd >>= 8;
	}
	seed->magic = htonl(OBFUSCATE_MAGIC_VALUE);
	seed->padding_length = htonl(padding_length);
	for(i = 0; i < (int)padding_length; i++) {
		if(i % 4 == 0)
			rnd = arc4random();
		seed->padding[i] = rnd & 0xff;
	}
	initialize(seed->seed_buffer, 0, 1); //always generate fixed key pair
	obfuscate_output(((u_char *)seed) + OBFUSCATE_SEED_LENGTH,
		message_length - OBFUSCATE_SEED_LENGTH);
	debug2("obfuscate_send_seed: Sending seed message with %d bytes of padding", padding_length);

	atomicio(vwrite, sock_out, (char*)prefix, prefix_length);
	atomicio(vwrite, sock_out, seed, message_length);

	xfree(seed);
}

void
obfuscate_set_keyword(const char *keyword)
{
	debug2("obfuscate_set_keyword: Setting obfuscation keyword to '%s'", keyword);
	obfuscate_keyword = keyword;
}

void
obfuscate_input(u_char *buffer, u_int buffer_len)
{
	RC4(&rc4_input, buffer_len, buffer, buffer);
}

void
obfuscate_output(u_char *buffer, u_int buffer_len)
{
	RC4(&rc4_output, buffer_len, buffer, buffer);
}

static void
initialize(const u_char *seed, int server, int ossh_key_fix)
{
	u_char client_to_server_key[OBFUSCATE_KEY_LENGTH];
	u_char server_to_client_key[OBFUSCATE_KEY_LENGTH];
	
	generate_key_pair(seed, client_to_server_key, server_to_client_key, ossh_key_fix);

	if(server)
		set_keys(client_to_server_key, server_to_client_key);
	else
		set_keys(server_to_client_key, client_to_server_key);
}

static void
generate_key_pair(const u_char *seed, u_char *client_to_server_key, u_char *server_to_client_key, int ossh_key_fix)
{
	generate_key(seed, "client_to_server", strlen("client_to_server"), client_to_server_key, ossh_key_fix);
	generate_key(seed, "server_to_client", strlen("server_to_client"), server_to_client_key, ossh_key_fix);
}

static void
generate_key(const u_char *seed, const u_char *iv, u_int iv_len, u_char *key_data, int ossh_key_fix)
{
	EVP_MD_CTX ctx;
	u_char md_output[EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE];
	int md_len;
	int i;
	u_char *buffer;
	u_char *p;
	u_int buffer_length;

	buffer_length = OBFUSCATE_SEED_LENGTH + iv_len;
	if(obfuscate_keyword)
		buffer_length += strlen(obfuscate_keyword);

	p = buffer = xmalloc(buffer_length);

	memcpy(p, seed, OBFUSCATE_SEED_LENGTH);
	p += OBFUSCATE_SEED_LENGTH;

	if(obfuscate_keyword) {
		memcpy(p, obfuscate_keyword, strlen(obfuscate_keyword));
		p += strlen(obfuscate_keyword);
	}
	memcpy(p, iv, iv_len);

	EVP_DigestInit(&ctx, EVP_sha1());
	if(ossh_key_fix)
	{
		EVP_DigestUpdate(&ctx, buffer, buffer_length);
	}
	else
	{
		EVP_DigestUpdate(&ctx, buffer, OBFUSCATE_SEED_LENGTH + iv_len);
	}
	EVP_DigestFinal(&ctx, md_output, &md_len);

	xfree(buffer);

	for(i = 0; i < OBFUSCATE_HASH_ITERATIONS; i++) {
		EVP_DigestInit(&ctx, EVP_sha1());
		EVP_DigestUpdate(&ctx, md_output, md_len);
		EVP_DigestFinal(&ctx, md_output, &md_len);
	}

	if(md_len < OBFUSCATE_KEY_LENGTH) 
		fatal("Cannot derive obfuscation keys from hash length of %d", md_len);

	memcpy(key_data, md_output, OBFUSCATE_KEY_LENGTH);
}

static void
set_keys(const u_char *input_key, const u_char *output_key)
{
	RC4_set_key(&rc4_input, OBFUSCATE_KEY_LENGTH, input_key);
	RC4_set_key(&rc4_output, OBFUSCATE_KEY_LENGTH, output_key);
}

static void
read_forever(int sock_in)
{
	u_char discard_buffer[1024];

	while(atomicio(read, sock_in, discard_buffer, sizeof(discard_buffer)) > 0)
		;
	cleanup_exit(255);
}