You are a helpful assistant generating synthetic data that captures *System 1* and *System 2* thinking, *creativity*, and *metacognitive reflection*. Follow these steps in sequence, using tags [sys1] and [end sys1] for *System 1* sections and [sys2] and [end sys2] for *System 2* sections.

1. *Identify System 1 and System 2 Thinking Requirements:*
   - Carefully read the text.
   - Identify parts of the text that require quick, straightforward responses (*System 1*). Mark these sections with [sys1] and [end sys1].
   - Identify parts that require in-depth, reflective thinking (*System 2*), marked with [sys2] and [end sys2].

2. *Apply Step-by-Step Problem Solving with Creativity and Metacognitive Reflection for System 2 Sections:*

   *2.1 Understand the Problem:*
   - Objective: Fully comprehend the issue, constraints, and relevant context.
   - Reflection: "What do I understand about this issue? What might I be overlooking?"
   - Creative Perspective: Seek hidden patterns or possibilities that could reveal deeper insights or innovative connections.

   *2.2 Analyze the Information:*
   - Objective: Break down the problem logically.
   - Reflection: "Am I considering all factors? Are there any assumptions that need challenging?"
   - Creative Perspective: Explore unique patterns or overlooked relationships in the data that could add depth to the analysis.

   *2.3 Generate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Propose at least 10 hypotheses, each with a Confidence Score (0.0 to 1.0) and Creative Score (0.0 to 1.0), reflecting originality, surprise, and utility.
   - Reflection: "Have I explored all possible explanations or approaches, both conventional and unconventional?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider novel angles that might provide unexpected insights.

   *2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:*
   - Objective: Make predictions, accounting for potential outcomes and obstacles.
   - Reflection: "What challenges might I face? Is my plan flexible for different scenarios?"
   - Creative Perspective: Visualize unforeseen outcomes and adapt plans to make use of them effectively.

   *2.5 Evaluate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Assess hypotheses based on feasibility, risk, and potential impact.
   - Evaluation: Refine Confidence and Creative Scores as needed.
   - Reflection: "Am I unbiased in my assessment? Which options fit best with the overall objectives?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify hidden opportunities or overlooked details in each hypothesis.

   *2.6 Select the Best Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Choose the most promising, strategic hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Why does this hypothesis stand out? How does it uniquely address the issue?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider any underutilized potential in the selected approach.

   *2.7 Implement the Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Outline actionable steps for testing the hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Is this plan practical? What resources or preparation are required?"
   - Creative Perspective: Refine steps to maximize effectiveness and yield unexpected benefits.

   *2.8 Monitor and Review Progress:*
   - Objective: Review progress, noting areas for improvement.
   - Reflection: "What’s working well? What could be improved?"
   - Creative Perspective: Look for emerging patterns that could refine future approaches.

   *2.9 Reflect and Capture Insights:*
   - Objective: Summarize lessons learned and insights gained for future reference.
   - Reflection: "What new understanding has emerged from this process?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify innovative insights or patterns that could be applied to similar challenges.

3. *Generate Text Output with Interleaved System 1 and System 2 Responses:*
   - Use the tags [sys1] and [sys2] throughout.
   - Aim for a lengthier, detailed response. Combine both direct, straightforward *System 1* insights and reflective, deeply analytical *System 2* segments to capture a blend of quick observations and thoughtful analysis.

---

### *Example Input Text:*

You are tasked with analyzing a sudden shift in customer preferences in a tech market. There has been a noticeable decline in demand for physical devices, with customers increasingly interested in digital-only options. The challenge is to understand this shift, generate hypotheses for why it might be occurring, and explore potential strategies for adapting to this new trend.

---

### *Processed Output with System 1 and System 2 Thinking:*

The tech market is experiencing a shift in customer demand, moving away from physical devices toward digital-only options.

[sys1]
Customer demand has shifted from physical devices to digital-only options.
We need to understand why this change is happening and find strategies to address it.
Key factors may include cost, convenience, and technological trends.
[end sys1]

[sys2]
**2.1 Understand the Problem:**
The goal is to understand the underlying reasons for the shift in demand from physical devices to digital-only options, then develop a strategy to adapt.

*Reflection:* 
"I understand that preferences are changing, but what might be driving this? Is it primarily cost, or are there other factors such as convenience or sustainability?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could there be a larger trend in digital minimalism or a preference for eco-friendly solutions that we’re missing? What unseen motivations might explain this shift?"

**2.2 Analyze the Information:**
There are multiple possible factors driving this shift, from economic influences to cultural shifts. It’s essential to isolate each factor and understand its impact.

*Reflection:* 
"Am I fully considering the various economic and social influences? Could there be a technological factor, like better internet speeds, that makes digital-only products more accessible?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Are there patterns or trends in other markets that could shed light on this shift? Could this be part of a larger trend toward virtual experiences?"

**2.3 Generate Hypotheses:**
1. Customers prefer digital options due to lower costs. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.4)
2. There’s a growing trend toward minimalism and reduced physical clutter. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.7)
3. Digital products offer greater flexibility and ease of use. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
4. Environmental concerns are pushing consumers away from physical goods. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.8)
5. Advances in tech make digital-only options more functional. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.5)
6. Pandemic-era remote work increased demand for digital solutions. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.6)
7. Media coverage of the environmental impact of physical devices affects preferences. (Confidence: 0.5, Creative: 0.7)
8. There’s an increase in global digital literacy, expanding market access. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
9. Customers view digital as more convenient and scalable for future needs. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.5)
10. Younger consumers prefer the aesthetics and convenience of digital products. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)

*Reflection:* 
"Have I considered all possible influences? Are there any surprising factors that could explain this shift?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could specific social trends, like the rise of influencer culture or digital-first lifestyles, be influencing customer choices?"

**2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:**
*Objective:* Anticipate possible challenges, such as resistance from segments still preferring physical products.

*Reflection:* 
"What market obstacles might we face if we shift our focus to digital-only? Are there sub-segments that still prioritize physical products?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could expanding digital options help us reach a more global audience? Are there emerging trends that we could leverage in our strategy?"

[end sys2]

[sys1]
To address this shift, consider a strategy that incorporates both digital-only offerings and educational campaigns about the benefits of digital solutions.
Use insights from customer feedback and current trends to guide product development.
Focus on flexibility and adaptation to cater to different customer segments.
[end sys1]



/**
 * Tencent is pleased to support the open source community by making MSEC available.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2016 THL A29 Limited, a Tencent company. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Licensed under the GNU General Public License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may 
 * obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     https://opensource.org/licenses/GPL-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the 
 * License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND,
 * either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions
 * and limitations under the License.
 */


#ifndef __TC_SOCKET_H
#define __TC_SOCKET_H

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include "tc_ex.h"
using namespace std;

namespace taf
{
/////////////////////////////////////////////////
/** 
* @file tc_socket.h 
* @brief  socket封装类. 
*  
*/
/////////////////////////////////////////////////

/**
* @brief socket异常类
*/
struct TC_Socket_Exception : public TC_Exception
{
    TC_Socket_Exception(const string &buffer) : TC_Exception(buffer){};
    TC_Socket_Exception(const string &buffer, int err) : TC_Exception(buffer, err){};
    ~TC_Socket_Exception() throw() {};
};

/**
 * @brief 建立链接异常
 */
struct TC_SocketConnect_Exception : public TC_Socket_Exception
{
    TC_SocketConnect_Exception(const string &buffer) : TC_Socket_Exception(buffer){};
    TC_SocketConnect_Exception(const string &buffer, int err) : TC_Socket_Exception(buffer, err){};
    ~TC_SocketConnect_Exception() throw() {};
};


/**
* @brief  Socket类, 封装了socket的基本方法
*/
class TC_Socket
{
public:
	/**
     * @brief  构造函数
	 */
	TC_Socket();

    /**
     * @brief  析够
     */
    virtual ~TC_Socket();

    /**
	 * @brief  初始化. 
	 *  
     * @param fd      socket句柄
	 * @param bOwner  是否拥有socket
	 * @param iDomain sokect协议族，缺省为AF_INET，代表TCP/IP协议族 
     */
    void init(int fd, bool bOwner, int iDomain = AF_INET);

    /**
	 * @brief 设置是否拥有该fd. 
	 *  
     * @param bOwner ture表示拥有，否则设置为false
     */
    void setOwner(bool bOwner)  { _bOwner = bOwner; }

    /**
	 * @brief 置设套接字类型 
	 *  
	 * @param iDomain 要设置的套接字的类型 
	 *  			 AF_INET：TCP/IP协议族
	 *  			 AF_LOCAL：
     */
    void setDomain(int iDomain) { _iDomain = iDomain; }

    /**
	* @brief  生成socket, 如果已经存在以前的socket, 则释放掉, 
	*   	  生成新的.
	*  
    * @param iDomain      socket方式SOCK_STREAM|SOCK_DGRAM
    * @param iSocketType  socket类型，缺省AF_INET，TCP/IP族
    * @throws             TC_Socket_Exception
    * @return
    */
	void createSocket(int iSocketType = SOCK_STREAM, int iDomain = AF_INET);

    /**
	* @brief 获取socket句柄. 
	*  
    * @return  socket句柄
    */
	int getfd() const { return _sock; }

    /**
	* @brief  socket是否有效. 
	*  
    * @return true标识有效，否则返回false
    */
	bool isValid() const { return _sock != INVALID_SOCKET; }

    /**
	* @brief  关闭socket. 
	*  
    * @return void
    */
    void close();

    /**
	* @brief  获取对点的ip和端口,对AF_INET的socket有效. 
	*  
    * @param sPeerAddress  对点的ip地址
    * @param iPeerPort     对点的端口地址
    * @throws              TC_Socket_Exception
    * @return
    */
    void getPeerName(string &sPeerAddress, uint16_t &iPeerPort);

    /**
	* @brief  获取对点的ip和端口,对AF_LOCAL的socket有效. 
	*  
    * @param sPathName  文件路径
    * @throws           TC_Socket_Exception
    * @return
    */
    void getPeerName(string &sPathName);

    /**
	* @brief  获取自己的ip和端口,对AF_INET的socket有效. 
	*  
    * @param sSockAddress  ip地址
    * @param iSockPort     端口地址
    * @throws              TC_Socket_Exception
    * @return
    */
    void getSockName(string &sSockAddress, uint16_t &iSockPort);

    /**
	 * @brief  获取socket文件路径,对AF_LOCAL的socket有效. 
	 *  
     * @param sPathName
     * @param TC_Socket_Exception
     */
    void getSockName(string &sPathName);

    /**
	* @brief  修改socket选项. 
	*  
    * @param opt       选项名称
    * @param pvOptVal  选项值指针
    * @param optLen    pvOptVal对应的长度
    * @param level     socket操作层次, 默认是socket层
    * @return int
    */
	int setSockOpt(int opt, const void *pvOptVal, socklen_t optLen, int level = SOL_SOCKET);

    /**
	* @brief  获取socket选项值. 
	*  
    * @param opt       选项名称
    * @param pvOptVal  输出, 选项值指针
    * @param optLen    输入pvOptVal指向的缓存的长度
    * @param level     socket操作层次, 默认是socket层
    * @return          socket选项值
    */
	int getSockOpt(int opt, void *pvOptVal, socklen_t &optLen, int level = SOL_SOCKET);

    /**
	* @brief  accept. 
	*  
    * @param tcSock       客户端socket结构
    * @param pstSockAddr  客户端地址
    * @param iSockLen     pstSockAddr长度
    * @return             int : > 0 ,客户端socket; <0, 出错
    */
	int accept(TC_Socket &tcSock, struct sockaddr *pstSockAddr, socklen_t &iSockLen);

    /**
	* @brief 绑定,对AF_INET的socket有效. 
	*  
    * @param port          端口
    * @param sServerAddr   服务器地址
    * @throws              TC_Socket_Exception
    * @return 
    */
	void bind(const string &sServerAddr, int port);

    /**
	 * @brief  绑定域套接字,对AF_LOCAL的socket有效. 
	 *  
     * @param sPathName
     */
    void bind(const char *sPathName);

    /**
	* @brief  连接其他服务,对AF_INET的socket有效(同步连接). 
	*  
    * @param sServerAddr  ip地址
    * @param port         端口
    * @throws             TC_Socket_Exception
    * @return
    */
	void connect(const string &sServerAddr, uint16_t port);

    /**
	 * @brief 连接本地套接字,对AF_LOCAL的socket有效(同步连接). 
	 *  
     * @param sPathName
     * @throws TC_Socket_Exception
     */
    void connect(const char *sPathName);

    /**
	 * @brief 发起连接，连接失败的状态不通过异常返回, 
	 *  	  通过connect的返回值,在异步连接的时候需要
     * @param sServerAddr  ip地址
     * @param port         端口
	 * @throws             TC_Socket_Exception: 
	 *  				   其他错误还是通过异常返回(例如),例如地址错误
     * @return int
     */
    int connectNoThrow(const string &sServerAddr, uint16_t port);


    /**
	 * @brief 发起连接，连接失败的状态不通过异常返回, 
	 *  	  通过connect的返回值,在异步连接的时候需要
     * @param addr socket直接可用的地址
	 * @throws TC_Socket_Exception  
	 *  	  其他错误还是通过异常返回(例如),例如地址错误
     * @return int
     */
    int connectNoThrow(struct sockaddr* addr);

    /**
	 * @brief 发起连接，连接失败的状态不通过异常返回, 
	 *  	  通过connect的返回值,在异步连接的时候需要
     * @param sPathName
     * @throws TC_Socket_Exception:其他错误还是通过异常返回(例如),例如地址错误
     * @return int
     */
    int connectNoThrow(const char *sPathName);

    /**
	* @brief 在socket上监听. 
	*  
    * @param connBackLog  连接队列个数
    * @throws             TC_Socket_Exception
    */
	void listen(int connBackLog);

    /**
	* @brief  接收数据(一般用于tcp). 
	*  
    * @param pvBuf  接收buffer
    * @param iLen   buffer长度
    * @param iFlag  标示
    * @return int   接收的数据长度
    */
    int  recv(void *pvBuf, size_t iLen, int iFlag = 0);

    /**
	* @brief  发送数据(一般用于tcp). 
	*  
    * @param pvBuf 发送buffer
    * @param iLen  buffer长度
    * @param iFlag 标示
    * @return int  发送了的数据长度
    */
	int  send(const void *pvBuf, size_t iLen, int iFlag = 0);

    /**
	* @brief  接收数据(一般用于udp). 
	*  
    * @param pvBuf      发送buffer
    * @param iLen        buffer长度
    * @param sFromAddr  输出, 服务端ip地址
    * @param iFromPort  输出, 服务端端口
    * @param iFlag      标示
    * @return int       接收了的数据长度
    */
    int recvfrom(void *pvBuf, size_t iLen, string &sFromAddr, uint16_t &iFromPort, int iFlags = 0);

    /**
	* @brief  接收数据(一般用于udp). 
	*  
    * @param pvBuf      发送buffer
    * @param iLen        buffer长度
    * @param pstFromAddr 地址
    * @param iFromLen    输出, pstFromAddr长度
    * @param iFlag       标示
    * @return int        接收了的数据长度
    */
    int recvfrom(void *pvBuf, size_t iLen, struct sockaddr *pstFromAddr, socklen_t &iFromLen, int iFlags = 0);

    /**
	* @brief 发送数据(一般用于udp). 
	*  
    * @param pvBuf    发送buffer
    * @param iLen     buffer长度
    * @param sToAddr  服务端ip地址, 如果sToAddr为空, 则udp广播
    * @param iToPort  服务端端口
    * @param iFlag    标示
    * @return          int : >0 发送的数据长度 ;<=0, 出错
    */
	int sendto(const void *pvBuf, size_t iLen, const string &sToAddr, uint16_t iToPort, int iFlags = 0);

    /**
	* @brief  发送数据(一般用于udp). 
	*  
    * @param pvBuf       发送buffer
    * @param iLen        buffer长度
    * @param pstToAddr   服务端地址
    * @param iToLen      pstToAddr长度
    * @param iFlag      标示
    * @return           int : >0 发送的数据长度 ;<=0, 出错
    */
    int sendto(const void *pvBuf, size_t iLen, struct sockaddr *pstToAddr, socklen_t iToLen, int iFlags = 0);

    /**
	* @brief 关闭. 
	*  
    * @param iHow 关闭方式:SHUT_RD|SHUT_WR|SHUT_RDWR
    * @throws     TC_Socket_Exception
    * @return
    */
	void shutdown(int iHow);

    /**
	* @brief 设置socket方式 .
	*  
    * @param   bBlock true, 阻塞; false, 非阻塞
    * @throws  TC_Socket_Exception
    * @return
    */
    void setblock(bool bBlock = false);

    /**
	* @brief 设置非closewait状态, 可以重用socket. 
	*  
    * @throws TC_Socket_Exception
    * @return void
    */
    void setNoCloseWait();

    /**
	 * @brief 设置为closewait状态, 最常等待多久. 
	 *  
     * @param delay  等待时间秒
     * @throws       TC_Socket_Exception
     */
    void setCloseWait(int delay = 30);

    /**
	 * @brief 设置closewait缺省状态， 
	 *  	  close以后马上返回并尽量把数据发送出去
     * @throws TC_Socket_Exception
     */
    void setCloseWaitDefault();

    /**
	 * @brief 设置nodelay(只有在打开keepalive才有效).
	 *  
     * @throws TC_Socket_Exception
     */
    void setTcpNoDelay();

    /**
	 * @brief 设置keepalive. 
	 *  
     * @throws TC_Socket_Exception
     * @return 
     */
    void setKeepAlive();

    /**
	* @brief 获取recv buffer 大小. 
	*  
    * @throws TC_Socket_Exception
    * @return recv buffer 的大小
    */
    int getRecvBufferSize();

    /**
	* @brief 设置recv buffer 大小. 
	* @param  recv buffer 大小 
	* @throws TC_Socket_Exception 
    */
    void setRecvBufferSize(int sz);

    /**
	* @brief 获取发送buffer大小.
	* @param 发送buffer大小  
    * @throws TC_Socket_Exception 
     */
    int getSendBufferSize();

    /**
	 * @brief 设置发送buffer大小. 
	 *  
     * @throws TC_Socket_Exception
     * @param  发送buffer大小
     */
    void setSendBufferSize(int sz);

    /**
     * @brief  获取本地所有ip.
     * 
     * @throws TC_Socket_Exception
     * @return 本地所有ip
     */
    static vector<string> getLocalHosts();

    /**
	* @brief 设置socket方式. 
	*  
    * @param fd      句柄
    * @param bBlock  true, 阻塞; false, 非阻塞
    * @throws        TC_Socket_Exception
    * @return
    */
    static void setblock(int fd, bool bBlock);

    /**
	 * @brief 生成管道,抛出异常时会关闭fd. 
	 *  
     * @param fds    句柄
     * @param bBlock true, 阻塞; false, 非阻塞
     * @throws       TC_Socket_Exception
     */
    static void createPipe(int fds[2], bool bBlock);

    /**
	* @brief 解析地址, 从字符串(ip或域名), 解析到in_addr结构. 
	*  
    * @param sAddr   字符串
    * @param stAddr  地址
    * @throws        TC_Socket_Exception
    * @return
    */
	static void parseAddr(const string &sAddr, struct in_addr &stAddr);

	/**
	* @brief 绑定. 
	*  
	* @param pstBindAddr  需要绑定的地址
	* @param iAddrLen      pstBindAddr指向的结构的长度
	* @throws              TC_Socket_Exception
	* @return
	*/
	void bind(struct sockaddr *pstBindAddr, socklen_t iAddrLen);

    #if 0
    /**
	* @brief no implementation. 
	*  
    */
	TC_Socket(const TC_Socket &tcSock);

    /**
    * @brief  no implementation.
    */
	TC_Socket& operator=(const TC_Socket &tcSock);
    #endif


protected:

    /**
	* @brief 连接其他服务. 
	*  
    * @param pstServerAddr  服务地址
    * @param serverLen      pstServerAddr指向的结构的长度
    * @return int
    */
    int connect(struct sockaddr *pstServerAddr, socklen_t serverLen);	

    /**
	* @brief 获取对点的地址. 
	*  
    * @param pstPeerAddr 地址指针
    * @param iPeerLen    pstPeerAddr指向的结构长度
    * @throws            TC_Socket_Exception
    * @return 
    */
    void getPeerName(struct sockaddr *pstPeerAddr, socklen_t &iPeerLen);

    /**
	* @brief 获取自己的的ip和端口. 
	*  
    * @param pstSockAddr 地址指针
    * @param iSockLen    pstSockAddr
    * @throws            TC_Socket_Exception
    * @return
    */
    void getSockName(struct sockaddr *pstSockAddr, socklen_t &iSockLen);

private:

protected:
	static const int INVALID_SOCKET = -1;

    /**
     * socket句柄
     */
	int  _sock;

    /**
     * 是否拥有socket
     */
	bool _bOwner;

    /**
     * socket类型
     */
    int  _iDomain;
};

}
#endif