Anthropologists have long been interested in how culture moves or grows from one place to another. The spread of culture is known as cultural diffusion. An example of cultural diffusion is the spread of agriculture from the Middle East to Europe and Asia a long time ago. Another more recent example may be the spread of fast food restaurants from America to other areas of the world in the late 20th century. Cultural diffusion can be classified into four different types expansion relocation, hierarchical and contagious. In expansion diffusion, an idea, or aspect of culture that starts in one area spreads out two other areas. The idea remains in the original area and expands to others. Relocation diffusion happens when ideas move from one area to another. The idea no longer remains in the original location. When ideas or culture move from larger to smaller locations or populations, this is called hierarchical diffusion. Finally, contagious diffusion occurs when ideas or culture are spread from one person to another in the same culture. Cultural diffusion can happen due to many reasons, e.g., cultures that are located close to each other tend to have more contact, which naturally results in a high rate of exchange of goods, trade and ideas. One example of cultural diffusion is between the United States and Canada. As both of these countries hold similar cultural values and ideas, likely due to their close proximity to each other. Despite having different histories and government systems. People in both countries consume similar media and share the same cultural references. When one country conquers another and forces its ideas and values on its people. This is called forced diffusion. An example of this is when Spain and Portugal conquered areas of Central and South America in the 16th century, priests from Europe made the natives become Catholics, sometimes against their will. Also, many customs of the conquered natives were prohibited by the Spanish and are now completely forgotten. Indirect diffusion happens when ideas or culture are transmitted indirectly from one culture to another. This is especially common these days, as the Internet quickly and easily allows indirect experience of another culture. An American in New York City, E.G., may watch a youtube video about Japanese traditional food, such as sushi, and adopt it as part of his regular diet. In another example, skateboarding in Africa may become more popular as a result of people there watching videos of famous skateboarders in Los Angeles. 

阅读以上文章回答以下问题
1.     What is culture diffusion?

2.    How many different types can culture diffusion be classified into? And what are they?

3.    According to the article, the spread of American fast food restaurants to other countries would be an example of______________diffusion?

4.    According to the article, what is one situation that can lead to cultural diffusion between countries?

a) when one country is better than another

b) when two countries are close to each other

c) when two countries have different history

d) when two countries have different government

5.    What is called forced diffusion?

6.    What were prohibited by the Spanish and are now completely forgotten?

7.    What is indirect diffusion and why this is especially common these days?