i.	Introduction 

1.	Businesses and infrastructure are relying more and more on computers and automated systems to store and manage their data.

2.	Cybercrime and cybersecurity are an ever-present and increasing concern as these businesses and infrastructure use more of this technology.

3.	Large businesses and infrastructure should invest in cybersecurity experts to ensure the security of their computer and network systems.

ii.	Several Body Paragraphs (Many prefer opposing viewpoints to be the final body paragraph before the conclusion; however, it can be included in any order in the body of the essay.) 
1.	Hiring and using cybersecurity experts will increase the security of the computer systems used by businesses and infrastructure by using their knowledge to identify security vulnerabilities, educate employees on security awareness, and by attempting to break into systems similar to how a malicious hacker would use exposed points of entry.

2.	In their article “Impact, Vulnerabilities, and Mitigation Strategies for Cybersecurity Critical Infrastructure,” Hugo Riggs, Shahid Tufail, Imtiaz Parvez, Mohd Tarig, Mohammed Aguib Khan, Asham Amir, Kedari Vineetha Vuda, and Arif I. Sarwat explain that cybercriminals target any and all infrastructure systems they can, including infrastructure like food and water, public and emergency services, and businesses like finance, industry, postal and shipping. They also discuss examples of such attacks by cybercriminals, such as parts of Ukraine’s power grid being taken down by malware, food processing plants being closed due to ransomware, and DoS attacks launched against the Supervisory Control and Dada Acquisition infrastructure of electrical utilities in Utah. (Riggs et al., 2023)

In their paper “Artificial Intelligence and Human Psychology in Online Transaction Fraud,” Raheela Firdaus, Yang Xue, Li Gang, and Muhammad Sibt e Ali state that because banks and other financial institutions are relying on technology and computer systems now more than ever, it has never been easier for cybercriminals to attack these institutions for their own benefit. (Firdaus, Xue, Gang, & Ali, 2022)

According to T. Robalo and R. Rahim in their paper “Cyber Victimisation, Restorative Justice, and Victim-Offender Panels,” cybercriminals have become much more common, and their presence can be felt across the entirety of “cyberspace” as they use technology to commit crimes against everyday citizens and large institutions. (Lancry, Robalo, & Abdul Rahim, 2023)


3.	The evidence given gives light to how large the threat of cybercrime has become for businesses and infrastructure. Using ethical hackers to help secure the networks, computer systems, and other technology that these institutions use will greatly increase their security and protect their data.

4.	Using ethical hackers to help secure the digital technology used by businesses and infrastructure is a great way to ensure their security.

iii.	One or More Body Paragraphs to Discuss Opposing Viewpoints 
1.	The use of ethical hackers to help secure the digital systems used by businesses and institutions is unnecessary and expensive.

2.	The use of ethical hackers is unnecessary, as businesses and financial institutions can use learning resources readily available for purchase to educate their employees on the importance of cybersecurity and have their existing system administrators and/or managers put more secure policies in place.

3.	Businesses and infrastructure that may benefit from having ethical hackers employed often already have a plethora of employees to manage their digital systems. Hiring extra people instead of training the existing employees would be a waste of money that could be used else ware. 

4.	The hiring of ethical hackers specifically for securing existing systems is unnecessary and expensive when businesses and infrastructure likely already have the people they need.

iv.	Conclusion Paragraph 
1.	With the growth in the use of computers and digital technology comes with the grown in cybercrime. Businesses and infrastructure have already suffered from cyberattacks in the past, and it will only get more difficult to defend from in the future.

2.	Using ethical hackers is an effective way to combat cybercrime end ensure the security of businesses and infrastructure digital systems and data.








Sources:

Riggs, H., Tufail, S., Parvez, I., Tariq, M., Khan, M. A., Amir, A., Vuda, K. V., & Sarwat, A. I. (2023). Impact, Vulnerabilities, and Mitigation Strategies for Cyber-Secure Critical Infrastructure. Sensors (Basel), 23(8), 4060. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10145335/

Lancry, T., Robalo, A. S., & Abdul Rahim, R. B. (2023, February 17). Cyber Victimisation, Restorative Justice and Victim-Offender Panels. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11417-023-09396-9

Firdaus, R., Xue, Y., Gang, L., & Ali, M. S. (2022). Artificial Intelligence and Human Psychology in Online Transaction Fraud. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 947234. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9595200/
Using this information only, write a a 1,000–1,200-word proposal essay using the Classical Model of argumen