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 Title: LinguReto Ep. 2 | @MemoriasDePez no sabe lo que es un coche
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Description: Am I being heard?
It is done.
Hello, good afternoon.
- Hello, Borja, how are you? [Borja] Hello, good morning!
Well, first of all, I want to thank the great team we have today at the
Q3 controls.
For my camera...
And then we have here...
Put the general shot because Thing is going to come out.
Fine!
Who is going to give us the carrots that you are going to win.
[Borja] Correct. - Or not.
- Borja, our guest today
- from the channel Memories of Fish and Memories of Shark.
- Because he has two. [Borja] That's it.
- And they're not tiny. [Borja] No, well...
[Borja] No.
- Neither of them are small... [Borja] It's true, it's true.
[Borja] One is "Memories of Fish", where I talk about history and geopolitics.
[Borja] And the other, "Memorias de Tiburón",
[Borja] also spoke a bit about geopolitics, but from a
[Borja] more economic than military point of view.
One thing that happens to me, which I imagine will happen to all humanists,
is when you tell something to people
whose schemes have already been very marked since they were little
and you tell them "hey, 'I've dropped ' not bad",
their heads explode.
- And they jump on you.
[Borja] My head also explodes with that.
Well...
[Borja] I have to say it...
You have to see more of my videos...
[Borja] I'm hooked, by the way, on the short format you do.
- Oh yeah? [Borja] I love it, I love it.
[Borja] Hmm... what were you going to say?
- Let's see, I wanted to bring up a controversial issue for you too.
[Borja] Uh huh. - You speak Catalan?
[Borja] Me? No.
- I have a C2 in Catalan. [Borja] Oh, yes?
- No...
- Well, let's see, I don't have a C2, but I love Catalan.
- But, well, the fact is that Catalan is a super-complicated language to study,
- above all, from the point of view of spelling and standard language.
- Well, what I've always been told
- is that, since Catalan has been banned so many times,
- "it's been banned", now I'm going to ask you,
[Borja] Of course.
- In the 18th century with the Nueva Planta decrees,
- then, with the Franco dictatorship,
- well, since people couldn't write it,
- they forgot how to write it.
- This sounds a bit like this legend
- that we say that in Spain we make the distinction between S and Z
- because there was a king who hissed. - [Borja] Because there was a king...
- Well, this is the same, right?
[Borja] Well, let's see, there are several things to say here.
[Borja] The first is that Catalan was always the first mother tongue of Catalonia.
[Borja] Until the 60's.
[Borja] Which is when Catalonia receives all that immigration from, above all,
[Borja] Extremadura and Andalusia, right?
[Borja] We always believe that, right?
[Borja] That it is no longer the first language.
[Borja] And Catalan is a bit that some speak it and others, right?
[Borja] In other words, until the 1960s there were more Catalan speakers
[Borja] than Spanish speakers.
[Borja] And then, the issue of whether or not it has been prohibited...
[Borja] Well, above all, after the Succession War,
[Borja] with the Nueva Planta Decrees,
[Borja] did not know it prohibits Catalan as such, but it is removed from the institutions,
[Borja] basically.
[Borja] It's not so much that those who speak Catalan are persecuted.
[Borja] And this is done because the Bourbons enter.
[Borja] They are super centralists.
[Borja] And since, furthermore, the territories of the Crown of Aragon
[Borja] have not supported them during the war,
[Borja] well, with the Nueva Planta Decrees, they [Borja] somewhat "Hispanicize"
all the former territories of the Kingdom of Aragon.
- But, really, in Catalonia, it is not prohibited, is it?
- In any institution?
[Borja] It is not prohibited, but it remains in disuse.
- But, in colloquial language, in schools...
[Borja] Yes, Catalan is always spoken, yes.
- Voucher.
[Borja] The Franco regime is something else.
[Borja] Because Francoism also removes him from the institutions.
[Borja] But it is true that there is greater persecution
[Borja] of Catalan, right?
[Borja] And, obviously, speaking Catalan in front of the police or the political-social brigade,
[Borja] was not, by any means, a good idea.
[Borja] So, you have to separate very well what was one thing from the other.
[Borja] But, well, it is true that they have always put 'sticks in the wheels'
[Borja] of Catalan as a language.
- Let's talk a little about accents.
[Borja] Okay. - How many languages ​​do you speak?
[Borja] Me, English, well, Spanish, and French.
[Borja] But, well, here we go little by little. - I also have a C2 in French.
- Is a lie.
- I... it's a joke... [Borja] But nobody knows.
- Yes, they know...
- But anyway, I want to ask you
- do you have an accent in English, for example?
[Borja] No, nothing. - No accent?
[Borja] The typical Spanish accent speaking English.
- Do you think it's important not to have an accent?
[Borja] I would like not to have an accent or to have a native accent
[Borja] for the simple fact that I could make my videos in English
[Borja] And we don't like listening to videos in other accents.
[Borja] But it is a bias that really exists, right?
[Borja] Although it sounds quite racist...
- It is quite racist, yes. [Borja] Really.
- Well, I think that having an accent is something wonderful
- and that it says where you're from and I think it's great.
- Have you heard of Gwyneth Paltrow?
- Do you know who it is?
- Well, Gwyneth Paltrow speaks Spanish superbly.
- I mean, perfect.
- But he has an accent.
- You may notice that she is not a native Spanish.
[Gwyneth Paltrow] I have a friend in London who is from Mallorca.
[Gwyneth Paltrow] And with her I talk, we practice.
[Gwyneth Paltrow] Her name is Rosario and, well, I practice with her.
- What do you think about how Gwyneth talks?
[Borja] Tremendous.
- Well, I'm going to put an audio for you.
[Borja] To the mess. - From one of the varieties of Spanish.
- A variety. [Borja] One.
- You have to tell me which one. [Borja] Okay.
- But I'm going to give you options. Voucher?
- "Well, Bad Bunny is the best singer in the world and he's going to make history."
- "But it will be history, no, it makes history".
[Borja] Canarias doesn't hit me because I don't see someone in the Canary Islands saying "Bud Bonny".
- Aha...
[Borja] Ecuador doesn't sound familiar to me...
[Borja] And my question is between Colombia and Venezuela.
[Borja] The fact is that I have a Venezuelan friend.
[Borja] That it could be, that he could speak more or less like this.
[Borja] So I'm going to say C, Venezuela.
- Are you sure?
[Borja] No.
[Borja] I said that Colombia was the same...
- Man... I've really been a bit of a bad person...
- Because between Venezuela and Colombia...
[Borja] They're next to each other
- They're next door, then, clearly it's the same...
- Well, you're going to have a carrot because that's right!
[Borja] Let's go! - Fine.
[Borja] Carrot!
- Well, the fact is that linguistics and history
- can be very related.
- I love linguistics and history.
[Borja] Oh, yes?
- But I like the history of the language more than history in general, huh.
- I forget everything. - Well, that's what we're here for.
- There are some expressions that come from historical events.
[Borja] Yes, there are many things there mixed with the story.
[Borja] For example, the expression "go to hell".
[Borja] Mythical of "hey, go to hell".
[Borja] Well, the baton was a kind of cane
[Borja] that the sergeants carried in the tercios.
[Borja] When you went in a comboy, you were a prisoner, right?
[Borja] So, when there was a parade for the comboy,
[Borja] The sergeant would put up the truncheon and the prisoners had to stand around the truncheon.
[Borja] That's why "sending someone to hell" is... you know?
[Borja] It comes from there and such.
[Borja] I have more, I can be like this until tomorrow.
- Okay, that's enough...
- I think you've broken my ice quite a bit.
- All those nerves you had are gone.
- That I know you were super nervous.
- Because you could tell. [Borja] Yes yes yes.
- It was red.
- So, let's move on to the first question.
[Borja] Come on, let's get down to business.
- This live show is super dynamic...
- Isn't it? [Borja] Yes.
- Because it's the best live show you've been to...
[Borja] Yes.
- Better than yours... [Borja] Man...
[Borja] Nothing to do with it. - Nothing to do...
[Borja] There are fewer people...
- Okay, let's move on to another question now.
- That it is related to the history of the language.
- Because I told you that I love the history of the language.
[Borja] Yes, more than the normal story, in fact. - So...
- More of the normal story, exactly.
- Because we all know that there are different types of history.
- But, in all these types of history, the most important question is
- how is the word history written?
- With a capital H.
- The B is with tilde in the i.
[Borja] Ah, "history".
- With the capital H and the first Y.
- Or the D, "history", with a small h and without accents.
- In other words, how does the RAE tell us that the word history has to be written
- in the phrase "I love history".
- It's a question... [Borja] "I love history."
- Mmm... nothing, with a small H, the D, come on.
- Now that I see it... the D.
- The D? Are you sure? Are you 100% sure?
[Borja] "I like the story."
[Borja] "I like the story."
- Are you sure it doesn't have an accent? [Borja] Let's see, wait a minute...
[Borja] The story... no.
- Okay, that is, we mark the D.
[Borja] We mark the D.
- Are you sure? [Borja] Yes.
- You're playing another carrot, eh, be careful.
[Borja] Man... this has to have a trick...
- You can stand up! [Borja] This has a lot of tricks...
- It doesn't seem so easy to me...
- I mean, I think he answered it very quickly...
[Borja] My question is if it's with H or with h .
[Borja] But "history" is a noun, a common name.
- Very well, that's it, it's the correct answer. [Borja] As matter.
[Borge] Good! - Come on.
[Borja] Let's go!
[Borja] This is easy huh, it was easy.
[Borja] But it was so easy... - It seems easy to me...
[Borja] I thought I had some trick...
- I had been told all my life that when it is the history of "history ",
- is written with a capital letter.
- And when it's a story they tell you, it's in lower case.
[Borja] No no.
- No no, you're absolutely right in the world.
- Sciences are always lowercase.
[Borja] Correct.
- Only proper names.
- For example, if the subject you are studying is called "History of the Language",
- then yes. [Borja] Okay.
- Or "The Royal Academy of History."
[Borja] From History.
- In that case I would go with a capital letter.
[Borja] "The Ministry of History".
- Effectively. [Borja] Sure.
[Borja] If you called yourself History
[Borja] and I say "I like History".
[Borja] A bit like that with Catalan.
[Borja] "To History".
- Well, we are going to continue now with a somewhat controversial question.
- But what do I want to do to all the guests from now on.
- Do you speak well?
[Borja] I write better than I speak.
[Borja] I think.
[Borja] When I'm writing a script, I have to say "hey, Borja, stop."
[Borja] "You have to write how you speak."
[Borja] Because everything is very technical for me, you know?
[Borja] From paper, but no.
- Yeah, this was the same for me.
[Borja] Yeah.
- You even have to put more "come on".
[Borja] Yes. - "That is", "that is", right?
- "Well". [Borja] "As I was saying."
- That is.
- But, then, for you to 'speak well' means to speak in a more technical way.
[Borja] Define bad as you want.
[Borja] That is, to speak more orthodoxly or less.
- I do not agree with the concept of speaking well or speaking badly.
[Borja] Okay.
- I mean, I think this is a concept that doesn't exist.
[Borja] Correct.
- Because, in the end, good/bad depends on the rules that the RAE has told you, right?
- I believe that language is much more than that.
- I believe that language is much more than that.
- But now I am going to ask you a very important question.
- Have you ever heard the word 'haiga'?
[Borja] In life...
- Have you never heard 'haiga'?
- It is the present subjunctive of the verb to have.
[Borja] Ah... yes, of course.
- Ok, and is it right or wrong?
[Borja] According to the RAE? - According to the standard. Voucher?
[Borja] According to the standard... I would say that it is incorrect.
[Borja] You said 'present subjunctive'.
- Hmm.
[Borja] It would have
to be "
haiga " .
and 'vaiga', from the verb to hear, do you know? What is 'go',
[Borja] Yes. - They are the direct evolutions from Latin.
[Borja] Ah, okay okay.
- And so they went to Spanish and lived with ' vaya' and 'haiga'
- for a long time.
- Until, in the end, 'haya' has won. [Borja] So it's the old one.
- That's it.
- According to the standard norm, 'haiga' in what could it be used in a phrase?
[Borja] Ah, okay, what phrase could it be used in.
- "I have a very fast haiga".
- "I hope he didn't call me".
- "Last night we saw a haiga in the sky."
- " Today it's cloudy".
[Borja] I wish it was D...
[Borja] Man, is it B, B.
- B? [Borja] Yes.
[Borja] But you've given me a clue here eh.
- Why? [Borja] Man, because of what we just talked about.
- But I told you that this existed.
- But do you believe then that in the dictionary...?
[Borja] Ah, what could be... - Of course, this is what the RAE considers correct.
- There is only one correct answer.
- There is a 'haiga' that is in the dictionary.
- It can be the present subjunctive of the verb 'to have'.
[Borja] Or not. - Or not.
- Or there may be another that you don't know about.
- Wow, something that Borja doesn't know... [Borja] Yeah, "a very fast haiga".
- Think that I am giving you examples.
- The first is an example with a noun.
- And the D is an adverb, it's like very...
[Borja] Do you know what happens?
[Borja] I think that in the RAE
[Borja] they are romantic.
- AHA. [Borja] And that there are things that they like to keep.
[Borja] "I like this."
[Borja] I think they have left that one.
[Borja] So, I'm going to say B.
[Borja] "I hope you called me."
- Ok, then we mark B.
- How little do you know the RAE...
- "Romantics"... Wow...
- Well, I'm so sorry, Borja, but you've failed.
[Borja] Have I failed? - Yes, you don't have a carrot.
- Things are sad... Oh...
[Borja] What was it? - It's A.
- It is used in Spain, according to the RAE.
- Little-used.
- And it's a very big and ostentatious car,
- usually of North American origin.
[Borja] Oysters...
- There is a theory as to why this car is called "haiga".
- A man entered a dealership and said "I want a car".
- "Which?"
- "The biggest there is."
- But, come on, this smells like popular etymology to me.
[Borja] It makes sense. - Do you know what popular etymology is?
[Borja] That people are making it up.
- That is.
- And do you know of any example of an expression that has been changed by popular etymology?
[Borja] Take, for example, the word 'alarm'.
[Borja] He comes from the Italian tercios.
[Borja] To say that the enemies were coming, they said "to arms."
[Borja] And then, that derived from "to the weapon, to the weapon."
[Borja] "Alarm" and alarm is something that... shit, ho.
- I was going to talk about another expression. Voucher?
- What is "to screw up".
- Well, it turns out that "screw up" is not the original expression.
[Borja] Okay.
- The original expression was "mentar Pateta".
- Of course, "mentar la pateta", people said "who was Pateta?"
- Well, "mentar a la Pateta" was to screw up.
- And from there, it changed.
[Borja] Correct.
- So, my question is who is Pateta?
- I'm going to give you four options.
- "She is a satyr from Greek mythology."
- "It is the translation that the Spanish gave to Rumpelstichen."
- That he is a jumping dwarf that the Grimm brothers pick up in their stories.
- You know? [Borja] Yes.
- Okay.
- Or is another name of the devil.
- Or Voldemort, He Who Must Not Be Named.
- Let's see... I have no idea...
- No? [Borja] No.
[Borja] But I would be surprised if you have thrown the billboard so out of line with the long sentence
[Borja] and that it isn't that, you know?
[Borja] Because you would have invented something else...
[Borja] So, I'm going to say B.
[Borja] But I like "another name of the devil."
- Well, we mark B.
- Let's see, Borja, I'm super humble, okay?
[Borja] Okay. - But I'm super smart.
[Borja] And you did it to me...
- And I've messed you up a lot.
- Because, of course, obviously the most developed answer
- is the one that everyone thinks "bah, something so difficult could not be invented".
[Borja] Sure.
- Well, obviously yes.
- And it is that I love Rumpel.
- Coincidentally... it's the other one you had doubts about...
[Borja] Is it "the other name of the devil"?
- Of course, Voldemort will not be.
[Borja] No, man, no, already.
[Borja] But "a satyr"?
- The devil has a million names.
[Borja] Yes.
- Well, "Pateta" was one of them.
[Borja] The songs from Mago de Oz
[Borja] lie to the devil in many different ways.
- And Pateta, isn't she one of them?
[Borja] And Pateta had never heard it. - Wow...
- Well, I'm so sorry, Borja.
- You have won 2 carrots out of 4.
- That's it. [Borja] Was there 4?
- There were 4. [Borja] Well, I have passed 50%...
- It's pretty good, yes.
[Borja] I thought it was going to be much worse.
- But, of course, now it's your turn...
[Borja] Yes.
[Borja] Good.
- Don't ask me names of kings, please...
[Borja] Let's read the question. - Come on.
[Borja] "In what century was the expression "you see the feather duster" coined?
[Borja] Is that asking you about him...
[Borja] Of course, I could ask you "where does the expression you see come from?" the feather duster"?
[Borja] And you're going to tell me "I don't know what, I don't know how much".
[Borja] So, I said "no, in what century".
- But this seems very difficult to me...
[ Borja] "In the XVI", "in the XVII"...
[Borja] Perhaps in the XVIII, or in the XIX.
- Let's see, Borja, this has nothing to do with linguistics...
- It seems to me fatal...
- I also didn't know where "you can see the feather duster" came from. [Borja] But it's the story of an expression...
- Let's see, I would say... I don't know, the century of enlightenment.
- It's the 18th, 19th century.
- 18th, it's the 19th, it's the 17th...
- Say it... [Borja] No, no, no.
- But it's the 18th, the century of enlightenment, right?
[Borja ] But what do lights have to do with it?
- Well, because it's a very ostentatious century...
- Like the haiga. [Borja] Rococo.
- Indeed, very Rococo.
- So, the Rococo hits the feather dusters.
- I believe that the XVI and XVII are not...
- Can you take 50% from me?
[Borja] Come on, okay, we'll remove them.
[Borja] XVII and XVIII.
- Oysters...
- Let's see, my instinct tells me it's the XIX.
[Borja] Follow your instincts.
- You're a super bad person, huh...
- I'm disgusting you...
- Mmm... "you can see your duster"...
- I mean, it probably comes from these big dresses that the women had
- and underneath. .. is that underneath they had feathers?
- It doesn't come from there. [Borja] I'm going to give you a clue.
- Come on. [Borja] It comes from the war.
- What a war?
- Not anything else, but wars...
[Borja] I wanted to tell you about the military.
- Ah... is it one of the feathers they wore up here?
- The military?
- Is it a bit like being a turncoat?
- Which was that they changed the jacket to have the color of the other side.
[Borja] In fact, that's it.
- Oh yeah?
[Borja] It's practically that. - Is the same?
- But, then, in the 19th century...
- There have been no wars...
- No, I think that in the 19th century, precisely...
- It marks the 19th.
[Borja] Come on, we mark the 19th century.
- It's the XVI...
[Borja] We solve.
[Borja] We tried...
[Borja] Very good! - And my carrot?
- Oops, oops..
[Borja] I love it...
[Borja] When liberals and absolutists faced each other in the time of Fernando VII,
[Borja] the liberals tended to wear a feather on their heads, right?
[Borja] What's up?
[Borja] Obviously, when Fernando VII's absolutists win,
[Borja] obviously everyone blends in.
[Borja] "No one is liberal then."
[Borja] So, when it was known that they were liberals, "hey, you can see the feather duster."
- Good huh, I love it. [Borja] It's pretty good, it's pretty good.
- Well, Borja, thank you very much.
[Borja] Well, nothing, you for inviting me. - It has been a pleasure.
- And we're going to do a clash of carrots, you know?
- Because we wear grima, so...
[Borja] Ah, is it grima? - Yes.
[Borja] We have to talk about it. - Okay...
[Borja] Okay.