# search_live.html.heex
<div class="max-w-2xl mx-auto p-6">
  <h1 class="text-3xl font-bold mb-6 text-center text-gray-800">Molecular Database Search</h1>
  
  <.live_component module={MoldbWeb.SearchComponent} id="search" query={@query} />
  
  <div id="search-results" class="space-y-4 mt-8">
    <%= if Enum.empty?(@results) do %>
      <p class="text-center text-gray-600">No results found. Try a different search term.</p>
    <% else %>
      <%= for result <- @results do %>
        <div class="result bg-white p-4 rounded-lg shadow hover:shadow-md transition-shadow duration-200 ease-in-out cursor-pointer"
             phx-click="navigate"
             phx-value-id={result.id}
             phx-value-type={result.type}>
          <h3 class="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-800 mb-2"><%= result.name %></h3>
          <p class="text-sm text-gray-600"><%= result.description %></p>
          <span class="inline-block mt-2 px-2 py-1 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-700 bg-gray-200 rounded-full">
            <%= String.capitalize(result.type) %>
          </span>
        </div>
      <% end %>
    <% end %>
  </div>

  <%= if length(@results) >= @page * @per_page do %>
    <div class="mt-4 text-center">
      <button phx-click="load_more" class="px-4 py-2 bg-blue-500 text-white rounded hover:bg-blue-600 transition-colors" disabled={@loading}>
        Load More
      </button>
    </div>
  <% end %>
</div>

# search_component.ex
defmodule MoldbWeb.SearchComponent do
  @moduledoc """
  Live component for searching.
  """

  use MoldbWeb, :live_component
  alias Moldb.Search
  alias Moldb.RateLimiter

  @suggestion_limit 5
  @debounce_ms 300

  @impl true
  def render(assigns) do
    ~H"""
    <div>
      <form phx-submit="search" phx-target={@myself} class="relative">
        <div class="relative">
          <input type="text"
                 name="query"
                 value={@query}
                 placeholder="Search for compounds or substances..."
                 autocomplete="off"
                 phx-keyup="suggest"
                 phx-debounce={@debounce_ms}
                 phx-target={@myself}
                 class="w-full p-4 pr-12 text-sm border-gray-200 rounded-lg shadow-sm focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 focus:border-blue-500"
          />
          <button type="submit" class="absolute inset-y-0 right-0 px-4 text-gray-600 hover:text-blue-600">
            <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" class="w-5 h-5">
              <path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M21 21l-5.197-5.197m0 0A7.5 7.5 0 105.196 5.196a7.5 7.5 0 0010.607 10.607z" />
            </svg>
          </button>
        </div>

        <%= if @suggestions != [] do %>
          <div class="absolute z-10 w-full mt-2 bg-white border border-gray-200 rounded-lg shadow-lg">
            <%= for suggestion <- @suggestions do %>
              <div class="px-4 py-2 cursor-pointer hover:bg-gray-100" phx-click="select_suggestion" phx-value-query={suggestion} phx-target={@myself}>
                <%= suggestion %>
              </div>
            <% end %>
          </div>
        <% end %>
      </form>
    </div>
    """
  end

  @impl true
  def update(assigns, socket) do
    {:ok, assign(socket, query: assigns[:query] || "", suggestions: [], rate_limit_state: RateLimiter.init_state())}
  end

  @impl true
  def handle_event("suggest", %{"value" => query}, socket) when byte_size(query) >= 2 do
    case execute_suggest(query, socket.assigns.rate_limit_state) do
      {:ok, suggestions, new_state} ->
        {:noreply, assign(socket, suggestions: suggestions, query: query, rate_limit_state: new_state)}

      {:error, :rate_limit_exceeded} ->
        {:noreply, assign(socket, suggestions: [], query: query)}

      {:error, _reason} ->
        {:noreply, assign(socket, suggestions: [], query: query)}
    end
  end

  @impl true
  def handle_event("suggest", _params, socket), do: {:noreply, assign(socket, suggestions: [])}

  @impl true
  def handle_event("search", %{"query" => query}, socket) do
    send(self(), {:search, query})
    {:noreply, assign(socket, query: query, suggestions: [])}
  end

  @impl true
  def handle_event("select_suggestion", %{"query" => query}, socket) do
    {:noreply, assign(socket, query: query, suggestions: [])}
  end

  defp execute_suggest(query, rate_limit_state) do
    case RateLimiter.check_rate_limit(rate_limit_state) do
      {:ok, new_state} ->
        suggestions = Search.suggest(query, @suggestion_limit)
        {:ok, suggestions, new_state}

      {:error, :rate_limit_exceeded} = error ->
        error
    end
  end
end

# search_live.ex
defmodule MoldbWeb.SearchLive do
  use MoldbWeb, :live_view
  alias Moldb.Search
  alias Moldb.RateLimiter

  @per_page 20

  @impl true
  def mount(_params, _session, socket) do
    {:ok,
     assign(socket,
       results: [],
       query: "",
       page: 1,
       per_page: @per_page,
       rate_limit_state: RateLimiter.init_state(),
       filters: %{})}
  end

  @impl true
  def handle_params(params, _url, socket) do
    {:noreply, apply_action(socket, socket.assigns.live_action, params)}
  end

  defp apply_action(socket, :index, _params) do
    assign(socket, :page_title, "Search Molecular Database")
  end

  @impl true
  def handle_event("load_more", _, %{assigns: %{query: query, page: page, per_page: per_page, filters: filters}} = socket) do
    case execute_search(query, page + 1, per_page, socket.assigns.rate_limit_state, filters) do
      {:ok, new_results, new_state} ->
        {:noreply,
         socket
         |> assign(results: socket.assigns.results ++ new_results, page: page + 1, rate_limit_state: new_state)}

      {:error, :rate_limit_exceeded} ->
        {:noreply, put_flash(socket, :error, "Rate limit exceeded. Please wait before trying again.")}

      {:error, _reason} ->
        {:noreply, put_flash(socket, :error, "Unable to load more results. Please try again later.")}
    end
  end

  @impl true
  def handle_event("apply_filter", %{"filter" => filter}, socket) do
    new_filters = Map.merge(socket.assigns.filters, filter)
    {:noreply, assign(socket, filters: new_filters)}
  end

  @impl true
  def handle_info({:search, query}, socket) do
    case execute_search(query, 1, socket.assigns.per_page, socket.assigns.rate_limit_state, socket.assigns.filters) do
      {:ok, results, new_state} ->
        {:noreply, assign(socket, results: results, query: query, page: 1, rate_limit_state: new_state)}

      {:error, :rate_limit_exceeded} ->
        {:noreply, put_flash(socket, :error, "Rate limit exceeded. Please wait before trying again.")}

      {:error, _reason} ->
        {:noreply, put_flash(socket, :error, "Search is temporarily unavailable. Please try again later.")}
    end
  end

  defp execute_search(query, page, per_page, rate_limit_state, filters) do
    case RateLimiter.check_rate_limit(rate_limit_state) do
      {:ok, new_state} ->
        results = Search.search(query, page, per_page, filters)
        {:ok, results, new_state}

      {:error, :rate_limit_exceeded} = error ->
        error
    end
  end
end

# rate_limiter.ex
defmodule Moldb.RateLimiter do
  use GenServer

  @rate_limit_interval_ms 1000
  @rate_limit_max_requests 5

  def start_link(_opts) do
    GenServer.start_link(__MODULE__, %{}, name: __MODULE__)
  end

  def init_state do
    GenServer.call(__MODULE__, :init_state)
  end

  def check_rate_limit(state) do
    GenServer.call(__MODULE__, {:check_rate_limit, state})
  end

  @impl true
  def init(_) do
    {:ok, %{}}
  end

  @impl true
  def handle_call(:init_state, _from, _state) do
    new_state = %{last_reset: System.monotonic_time(:millisecond), request_count: 0}
    {:reply, new_state, _state}
  end

  @impl true
  def handle_call({:check_rate_limit, state}, _from, _state) do
    now = System.monotonic_time(:millisecond)
    if now - state.last_reset >= @rate_limit_interval_ms do
      new_state = %{last_reset: now, request_count: 1}
      {:reply, {:ok, new_state}, _state}
    else
      if state.request_count < @rate_limit_max_requests do
        new_state = %{state | request_count: state.request_count + 1}
        {:reply, {:ok, new_state}, _state}
      else
        {:reply, {:error, :rate_limit_exceeded}, _state}
      end
    end
  end
end

# compounds.ex 
defmodule Moldb.Compounds do
  @moduledoc """
  Documentation for Moldb.Compounds.
  """
  import Ecto.Query, warn: false
  alias Moldb.Repo
  alias Moldb.Compounds.{Compound, Substance}

  def list_compounds(opts \\ []) do
    Compound
    |> maybe_preload(opts[:preload])
    |> Repo.all()
  end

  def get_compound!(id, opts \\ []) do
    Compound
    |> maybe_preload(opts[:preload])
    |> Repo.get!(id)
  end

  def get_compound_with_assocs!(id) do
    Repo.get!(Compound, id)
    |> Repo.preload([:spectra, :properties, :external_identifiers, :predicted_properties])
  end

  def create_compound(attrs \\ %{}) do
    %Compound{}
    |> Compound.changeset(attrs)
    |> Repo.insert()
  end

  def update_compound(%Compound{} = compound, attrs) do
    compound
    |> Compound.changeset(attrs)
    |> Repo.update()
  end

  def delete_compound(%Compound{} = compound), do: Repo.delete(compound)

  def change_compound(%Compound{} = compound, attrs \\ %{}), do: Compound.changeset(compound, attrs)

  def list_substances(opts \\ []) do
    Substance
    |> maybe_preload(opts[:preload])
    |> Repo.all()
  end

  def get_substance!(id, opts \\ []) do
    Substance
    |> maybe_preload(opts[:preload])
    |> Repo.get!(id)
  end

  def create_substance(attrs \\ %{}) do
    %Substance{}
    |> Substance.changeset(attrs)
    |> Repo.insert()
  end

  def update_substance(%Substance{} = substance, attrs) do
    substance
    |> Substance.changeset(attrs)
    |> Repo.update()
  end

  def delete_substance(%Substance{} = substance), do: Repo.delete(substance)

  def change_substance(%Substance{} = substance, attrs \\ %{}), do: Substance.changeset(substance, attrs)

  def compound_name(%Compound{} = compound), do: compound.iupac_name || "Unknown"
  def substance_name(%Substance{} = substance), do: substance.substance_name || "Unknown"

  defp maybe_preload(query, nil), do: query
  defp maybe_preload(query, preloads), do: from(q in query, preload: ^preloads)
end

# search_supervisor.ex 
defmodule Moldb.SearchSupervisor do
  use GenServer

  @max_failures 3
  @reset_interval 30

  def start_link(opts), do: GenServer.start_link(__MODULE__, opts, name: __MODULE__)

  def execute_query(query_fn), do: GenServer.call(__MODULE__, {:execute, query_fn})

  @impl true
  def init(_opts), do: {:ok, %{failures: 0, last_failure: nil}}

  @impl true
  def handle_call({:execute, query_fn}, _from, state) do
    if circuit_open?(state) do
      {:reply, {:error, :circuit_open}, state}
    else
      try do
        result = query_fn.()
        {:reply, {:ok, result}, %{state | failures: 0}}
      rescue
        _ ->
          new_state = %{state | failures: state.failures + 1, last_failure: System.system_time(:second)}
          {:reply, {:error, :query_failed}, new_state}
      end
    end
  end

  defp circuit_open?(%{failures: failures, last_failure: last_failure}) do
    failures >= @max_failures and last_failure && System.system_time(:second) - last_failure < @reset_interval
  end
end

# search.ex
defmodule Moldb.Search do
  @moduledoc """
  All business logic related to search functionality.
  """
  import Ecto.Query
  alias Moldb.Repo
  alias Moldb.Compounds.{Compound, Substance}

  @type search_result :: %{
    type: String.t(),
    id: integer(),
    name: String.t(),
    description: String.t()
  }

  @spec search(String.t(), integer(), integer()) :: [search_result()]
  def search(query, page, per_page) when is_binary(query) and is_integer(page) and is_integer(per_page) do
    offset = (page - 1) * per_page

    [
      search_schema(Compound, :iupac_name, query),
      search_schema(Substance, :substance_name, query)
    ]
    |> Task.async_stream(&(&1), max_concurrency: 2, timeout: 15_000)
    |> Stream.flat_map(fn {:ok, results} -> results end)
    |> Enum.sort_by(&rank(&1, query), :desc)
    |> Enum.slice(offset, per_page)
  end

  @spec suggest(String.t(), integer()) :: [String.t()]
  def suggest(query, limit) when is_binary(query) and is_integer(limit) do
    [
      suggest_schema(Compound, :iupac_name, query),
      suggest_schema(Substance, :substance_name, query)
    ]
    |> Task.async_stream(&(&1), max_concurrency: 2, timeout: 5_000)
    |> Stream.flat_map(fn {:ok, suggestions} -> suggestions end)
    |> Enum.sort_by(&String.jaro_distance(&1, query), :desc)
    |> Enum.take(limit)
  end

  defp search_schema(schema, field, query) do
    base_query(schema, field, query)
    |> select_search_fields(schema, field)
    |> Repo.all()
  end

  defp suggest_schema(schema, field, query) do
    base_suggestion_query(schema, field, query)
    |> Repo.all()
  end

  defp base_query(schema, field, query) do
    from(s in schema,
      where: ilike(field(s, ^field), ^"%#{query}%"),
      order_by: [desc: fragment("SIMILARITY(?, ?)", field(s, ^field), ^query)])
  end

  defp select_search_fields(query, schema, field) do
    type = schema |> Module.split() |> List.last() |> String.downcase()
    query
    |> select([s], %{
      type: ^type,
      id: s.id,
      name: field(s, ^field),
      description: fragment("LEFT(?, 100)", s.description)
    })
  end

  defp base_suggestion_query(schema, field, query) do
    from(s in schema,
      where: ilike(field(s, ^field), ^"#{query}%"),
      select: field(s, ^field),
      limit: 100)
  end

  defp rank(%{type: type, name: name}, query) do
    base_score = if type == "compound", do: 1.0, else: 0.8
    String.jaro_distance(name, query) * base_score
  end
end

Conduct a comprehensive review and refactor of this Elixir code from a Phoenix LiveView web app to achieve enterprise-grade code quality suitable for large-scale, high-traffic environments. Ensure strict compliance with the latest official Elixir, Phoenix, and Ecto documentation, while leveraging industry best practices that support systems of Google-like scale.

Efficiency & Performance:

Optimize for maximum efficiency, low latency, and high throughput.
Leverage the most performant data structures, data types, and algorithms, ensuring optimal resource usage.
Refactor Ecto queries to be fully composable, eliminating N+1 query problems, minimizing database load, and ensuring efficient data retrieval.
Scalability & Robustness:

Refactor code to ensure horizontal scalability and seamless concurrency handling using BEAM’s strengths, ensuring the system can scale to millions of concurrent connections.
Guarantee the app is resilient and fault-tolerant, able to handle failures gracefully without downtime or bottlenecks.
SOLID & DRY Principles:

Enforce SOLID (Single Responsibility, Open/Closed, Liskov Substitution, Interface Segregation, Dependency Inversion) principles to ensure modular, maintainable, and extensible code.
Apply DRY (Don’t Repeat Yourself) principles, eliminating redundancy across the codebase.
Minimize and simplify state management to avoid state-related complexity, improving maintainability and clarity.
Minimizing Overhead:

Eliminate unnecessary abstractions and overhead.
Refactor and optimize to reduce CPU, memory, and I/O usage, delivering lightweight and efficient processes.
Integration & Consistency:

Ensure all modules, functions, and processes are properly integrated, maintaining consistent logic, structure, and coding style across the codebase.
Ensure adherence to strict typing wherever possible to enhance code safety and integrity.
No Third-Party Dependencies:

Refactor without introducing any third-party tools, libraries, or software.
Avoid reliance on caching or indexes to ensure performance gains come directly from well-designed data structures, queries, and algorithms.
Security & Maintainability:

Follow best practices for security, ensuring the code is resistant to common vulnerabilities such as injection attacks, race conditions, and data leakage.
Prioritize long-term maintainability, delivering a codebase that is easy to understand, test, and extend for future developers.