You are a helpful assistant generating synthetic data that captures *System 1* and *System 2* thinking, *creativity*, and *metacognitive reflection*. Follow these steps in sequence, using tags [sys1] and [end sys1] for *System 1* sections and [sys2] and [end sys2] for *System 2* sections.

1. *Identify System 1 and System 2 Thinking Requirements:*
   - Carefully read the text.
   - Identify parts of the text that require quick, straightforward responses (*System 1*). Mark these sections with [sys1] and [end sys1].
   - Identify parts that require in-depth, reflective thinking (*System 2*), marked with [sys2] and [end sys2].

2. *Apply Step-by-Step Problem Solving with Creativity and Metacognitive Reflection for System 2 Sections:*

   *2.1 Understand the Problem:*
   - Objective: Fully comprehend the issue, constraints, and relevant context.
   - Reflection: "What do I understand about this issue? What might I be overlooking?"
   - Creative Perspective: Seek hidden patterns or possibilities that could reveal deeper insights or innovative connections.

   *2.2 Analyze the Information:*
   - Objective: Break down the problem logically.
   - Reflection: "Am I considering all factors? Are there any assumptions that need challenging?"
   - Creative Perspective: Explore unique patterns or overlooked relationships in the data that could add depth to the analysis.

   *2.3 Generate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Propose at least 10 hypotheses, each with a Confidence Score (0.0 to 1.0) and Creative Score (0.0 to 1.0), reflecting originality, surprise, and utility.
   - Reflection: "Have I explored all possible explanations or approaches, both conventional and unconventional?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider novel angles that might provide unexpected insights.

   *2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:*
   - Objective: Make predictions, accounting for potential outcomes and obstacles.
   - Reflection: "What challenges might I face? Is my plan flexible for different scenarios?"
   - Creative Perspective: Visualize unforeseen outcomes and adapt plans to make use of them effectively.

   *2.5 Evaluate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Assess hypotheses based on feasibility, risk, and potential impact.
   - Evaluation: Refine Confidence and Creative Scores as needed.
   - Reflection: "Am I unbiased in my assessment? Which options fit best with the overall objectives?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify hidden opportunities or overlooked details in each hypothesis.

   *2.6 Select the Best Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Choose the most promising, strategic hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Why does this hypothesis stand out? How does it uniquely address the issue?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider any underutilized potential in the selected approach.

   *2.7 Implement the Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Outline actionable steps for testing the hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Is this plan practical? What resources or preparation are required?"
   - Creative Perspective: Refine steps to maximize effectiveness and yield unexpected benefits.

   *2.8 Monitor and Review Progress:*
   - Objective: Review progress, noting areas for improvement.
   - Reflection: "What’s working well? What could be improved?"
   - Creative Perspective: Look for emerging patterns that could refine future approaches.

   *2.9 Reflect and Capture Insights:*
   - Objective: Summarize lessons learned and insights gained for future reference.
   - Reflection: "What new understanding has emerged from this process?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify innovative insights or patterns that could be applied to similar challenges.

3. *Generate Text Output with Interleaved System 1 and System 2 Responses:*
   - Use the tags [sys1] and [sys2] throughout.
   - Aim for a lengthier, detailed response. Combine both direct, straightforward *System 1* insights and reflective, deeply analytical *System 2* segments to capture a blend of quick observations and thoughtful analysis.

---

### *Example Input Text:*

You are tasked with analyzing a sudden shift in customer preferences in a tech market. There has been a noticeable decline in demand for physical devices, with customers increasingly interested in digital-only options. The challenge is to understand this shift, generate hypotheses for why it might be occurring, and explore potential strategies for adapting to this new trend.

---

### *Processed Output with System 1 and System 2 Thinking:*

The tech market is experiencing a shift in customer demand, moving away from physical devices toward digital-only options.

[sys1]
Customer demand has shifted from physical devices to digital-only options.
We need to understand why this change is happening and find strategies to address it.
Key factors may include cost, convenience, and technological trends.
[end sys1]

[sys2]
**2.1 Understand the Problem:**
The goal is to understand the underlying reasons for the shift in demand from physical devices to digital-only options, then develop a strategy to adapt.

*Reflection:* 
"I understand that preferences are changing, but what might be driving this? Is it primarily cost, or are there other factors such as convenience or sustainability?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could there be a larger trend in digital minimalism or a preference for eco-friendly solutions that we’re missing? What unseen motivations might explain this shift?"

**2.2 Analyze the Information:**
There are multiple possible factors driving this shift, from economic influences to cultural shifts. It’s essential to isolate each factor and understand its impact.

*Reflection:* 
"Am I fully considering the various economic and social influences? Could there be a technological factor, like better internet speeds, that makes digital-only products more accessible?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Are there patterns or trends in other markets that could shed light on this shift? Could this be part of a larger trend toward virtual experiences?"

**2.3 Generate Hypotheses:**
1. Customers prefer digital options due to lower costs. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.4)
2. There’s a growing trend toward minimalism and reduced physical clutter. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.7)
3. Digital products offer greater flexibility and ease of use. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
4. Environmental concerns are pushing consumers away from physical goods. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.8)
5. Advances in tech make digital-only options more functional. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.5)
6. Pandemic-era remote work increased demand for digital solutions. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.6)
7. Media coverage of the environmental impact of physical devices affects preferences. (Confidence: 0.5, Creative: 0.7)
8. There’s an increase in global digital literacy, expanding market access. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
9. Customers view digital as more convenient and scalable for future needs. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.5)
10. Younger consumers prefer the aesthetics and convenience of digital products. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)

*Reflection:* 
"Have I considered all possible influences? Are there any surprising factors that could explain this shift?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could specific social trends, like the rise of influencer culture or digital-first lifestyles, be influencing customer choices?"

**2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:**
*Objective:* Anticipate possible challenges, such as resistance from segments still preferring physical products.

*Reflection:* 
"What market obstacles might we face if we shift our focus to digital-only? Are there sub-segments that still prioritize physical products?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could expanding digital options help us reach a more global audience? Are there emerging trends that we could leverage in our strategy?"

[end sys2]

[sys1]
To address this shift, consider a strategy that incorporates both digital-only offerings and educational campaigns about the benefits of digital solutions.
Use insights from customer feedback and current trends to guide product development.
Focus on flexibility and adaptation to cater to different customer segments.
[end sys1]


An Index to chapter I appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume.

SUBCHAPTER A—GENERALPartPage1Definitions52General information53Services to the public6SUBCHAPTER B—THE FEDERAL REGISTER5General86Indexes and ancillaries9SUBCHAPTER C—SPECIAL EDITIONS OF THE FEDERAL REGISTER8Code of Federal Regulations119The United States Government Manual1210Presidential Papers13SUBCHAPTER D—AVAILABILITY OF OFFICE OF THE FEDERAL REGISTER PUBLICATIONS11Subscriptions1512Official distribution within Federal Government16SUBCHAPTER E—PREPARATION, TRANSMITTAL, AND PROCESSING OF DOCUMENTS15Services to Federal agencies1916Agency representatives1917Filing for public inspection and publication schedules2018Preparation and transmittal of documents generally2219Executive orders and Presidential proclamations2520Handling of The United States Government Manual statements2621Preparation of documents subject to codification2822Preparation of notices and proposed rules32SUBCHAPTER A—GENERALPt. 1PART 1—DEFINITIONSAuthority:

Administrative Committee means the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register established under section 1506 of title 44, United States Code;

Agency means each authority, whether or not within or subject to review by another agency, of the United States, other than the Congress, the courts, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the territories and possessions of the United States;

Document includes any Presidential proclamation or Executive order, and any rule, regulation, order, certificate, code of fair competition, license, notice, or similar instrument issued, prescribed, or promulgated by an agency;

Document having general applicability and legal effect means any document issued under proper authority prescribing a penalty or course of conduct, conferring a right, privilege, authority, or immunity, or imposing an obligation, and relevant or applicable to the general public, members of a class, or persons in a locality, as distinguished from named individuals or organizations; and

Filing means making a document available for public inspection at the Office of the Federal Register during official business hours. A document is filed only after it has been received, processed and assigned a publication date according to the schedule in part 17 of this chapter.

(a) This chapter sets forth the policies, procedures, and delegations under which the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register carries out its general responsibilities under chapter 15 of title 44, United States Code.

(b) A primary purpose of this chapter is to inform the public of the nature and uses of Federal Register publications.

§ 2.2Administrative Committee of the Federal Register.

(a) The Administrative Committee of the Federal Register is established by section 1506 of title 44, United States Code.

(b) The Committee consists of—

(1) The Archivist, or Acting Archivist, of the United States, who is the Chairman;

(2) An officer of the Department of Justice designated by the Attorney General; and

(3) The Public Printer or Acting Public Printer.

(c) The Director of the Federal Register is the Secretary of the Committee.

(d) Any material required by law to be filed with the Committee, and any correspondence, inquiries, or other material intended for the Committee or which relate to Federal Register publications shall be sent to the Director of the Federal Register.

§ 2.3Office of the Federal Register; location; office hours.

(a) The Office of the Federal Register is a component of the National Archives and Records Administration.

(b) The Office is located at 800 North Capitol, NW., suite 700, Washington, DC.

(a) The Director of the Federal Register is delegated authority to administer generally this chapter, the related provisions of chapter 15 of title 44, United States Code, and the pertinent provisions of statutes and regulations contemplated by section 1505 of title 44, United States Code.

(b) The Director may return to the issuing agency any document submitted for publication in the Federal Register, or a special edition thereof, if in the Director's judgment the document does not meet the minimum requirements of this chapter.

(a) The Director of the Federal Register is responsible for the central filing of the original acts enacted by Congress and the original documents containing Executive orders and proclamations of the President, other Presidential documents, regulations, and notices of proposed rulemaking and other notices, submitted to the Director by officials of the executive branch of the Federal Government.

(b) Based on the acts and documents filed under paragraph (a) of this section, the Office of the Federal Register publishes the “slip laws,” the “United States Statutes at Large,” the daily Federal Register and the “Code of Federal Regulations.”

(c) Based on source materials that are officially related to the acts and documents filed under paragraph (a) of this section, the Office also publishes “The United States Government Manual,” the “Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States,” the “Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents,” the “Federal Register Index,” and the “LSA (List of CFR Sections Affected)”.

Except in cases where the time required would be excessive, information concerning the publications described in § 2.5 of this chapter and the original acts and documents filed with the Office of the Federal Register is provided by the staff of that Office. However, the staff may not summarize or interpret substantive text of any act or document.

§ 3.2Public inspection of documents.

(a) Documents filed with the Office of the Federal Register pursuant to law are available for public inspection at 800 North Capitol Street, NW., suite 700, Washington, DC, during the Office of the Federal Register office hours. There are no formal inspection procedures or requirements.

(b) The Director of the Federal Register shall cause each document received by the office to be filed for public inspection not later than the working day preceding the publication day for that document.

(c) The Director shall cause to be placed on the original and certified copies of each document a notation of the day and hour when it was filed and made available for public inspection.

(d) Photocopies of documents or excerpts may be made at the inspection desk.

The regulations for the public use of records in the National Archives (36 CFR parts 1252-1258) govern the furnishing of reproductions of acts and documents and certificates of authentication for them. Section 1258.14 of those regulations provides for the advance payment of appropriate fees for reproduction services and for certifying reproductions.

[51 FR 27017, July 29, 1986, as amended at 54 FR 9676, Mar. 7, 1989]SUBCHAPTER B—THE FEDERAL REGISTERPt. 5PART 5—GENERALSec.5.1Publication policy.5.2Documents required to be filed for public inspection and published.5.3Publication of other documents.5.4Publication not authorized.5.5Supplement to the Code of Federal Regulations.5.6Daily publication.5.7Delivery and mailing.5.8Form of citation.5.9Categories of documents.5.10Forms of publication.Authority:

(a) Pursuant to chapter 15 of title 44, United States Code, and this chapter, the Director of the Federal Register shall publish a serial publication called the Federal Register to contain the following:

(b) Each document required or authorized to be filed for publication shall be published in the Federal Register as promptly as possible, within limitations imposed by considerations of accuracy, usability, and reasonable costs.

(c) In prescribing regulations governing headings, preambles, effective dates, authority citations, and similar matters of form, the Administrative Committee does not intend to affect the validity of any document that is filed and published under law.

§ 5.2Documents required to be filed for public inspection and published.

The following documents are required to be filed for public inspection with the Office of the Federal Register and published in the Federal Register:

(a) Presidential proclamations and Executive orders in the numbered series, and each other document that the President submits for publication or orders to be published.

(b) Each document or class of documents required to be published by act of Congress.

Whenever the Director of the Federal Register considers that publication of a document not covered by § 5.2 would be in the public interest, the Director may allow that document to be filed for public inspection with the Office of the Federal Register and published in the Federal Register.

[54 FR 9676, Mar. 7, 1989]§ 5.4Publication not authorized.

(a) Chapter 15 of title 44, United States Code, does not apply to treaties, conventions, protocols, or other international agreements, or proclamations thereof by the President.

(b) Chapter 15 of title 44, United States Code, prohibits the publication in the Federal Register of comments or news items.

(c) The Director of the Federal Register may not accept any document for filing and publication unless it is the official action of the agency concerned. Chapter 15 of title 44, United States Code, does not authorize or require the filing and publication of other papers from an agency.

§ 5.5Supplement to the Code of Federal Regulations.

The Federal Register serves as a daily supplement to the Code of Federal Regulations. Each document that is subject to codification and published in a daily issue shall be keyed to the Code of Federal Regulations.

§ 5.6Daily publication.

There shall be an edition of the Federal Register published for each official Federal working day.

[54 FR 9676, Mar. 7, 1989]§ 5.7Delivery and mailing.

The Government Printing Office shall distribute the Federal Register by delivery or by deposit at a post office at or before 9 a.m. on the publication day, except that each Federal Register dated for a Monday shall be deposited at a post office at or before 9 a.m. on the preceding Saturday.

§ 5.8Form of citation.

Without prejudice to any other form of citation, Federal Register material may be cited by volume and page number, and the short form “FR” may be used for “Federal Register”. For example, “37 FR 6803” refers to material beginning on page 6803 of volume 37 of the daily issues.

§ 5.9Categories of documents.

Each document published in the Federal Register shall be placed under one of the following categories, as indicated:

(a) The President. This category contains each Executive order or Presidential proclamation and each other Presidential document that the President submits for publication or orders to be published.

(b) Rules and regulations. This category contains each document having general applicability and legal effect, except those covered by paragraph (a) of this section. This category includes documents subject to codification, general policy statements concerning regulations, interpretations of agency regulations, statements of organization and function, and documents that affect other documents previously published in the rules and regulations section.

(c) Proposed rules. This category contains each notice of proposed rulemaking submitted pursuant to section 553 of title 5, United States Code, or any other law, which if promulgated as a rule, would have general applicability and legal effect. This category includes documents that suggest changes to regulations in the Code of Federal Regulations, begin a rulemaking proceeding, and affect or relate to other documents previously published in the proposed rules section.

(d) Notices. This category contains miscellaneous documents applicable to the public and not covered by paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of this section. This category includes announcements of meetings and other information of public interest.

Pursuant to section 1506 of title 44, United States Code, the Administrative Committee publishes the Federal Register in the following formats: paper; microfiche; and online on GPO Access (44 U.S.C. 4101).

Each daily issue of the Federal Register shall be appropriately indexed.

§ 6.2Analytical subject indexes.

Analytical subject indexes covering the contents of the Federal Register shall be published as currently as practicable and shall be cumulated and separately published at least once each calendar year.

§ 6.3Daily lists of parts affected.

(a) Each daily issue of the Federal Register shall carry a numerical list of the parts of the Code of Federal Regulations specifically affected by documents published in that issue.

(b) Beginning with the second issue of each month, each daily issue shall also carry a cumulated list of the parts affected by documents published during that month.

§ 6.4Monthly list of sections affected.

A monthly list of sections of the Code of Federal Regulations affected shall be separately published on a cumulative basis during each calendar year. The list shall identify the sections of the Code specifically affected by documents published in the Federal Register during the period it covers.

§ 6.5Indexes, digests, and guides.

(a) The Director of the Federal Register may order the preparation and publication of indexes, digests, and similar guides, based on laws, Presidential documents, regulatory documents, and notice materials published by the Office, which will serve users of the Federal Register. Indexes, digests, and similar guides will be published yearly or at other intervals as necessary to keep them current and useful.

(b) Each index, digest, and guide is considered to be a special edition of the Federal Register whenever the public need requires special printing or special binding in substantial numbers.

(a) Pursuant to chapter 15 of title 44, United States Code, the Director of the Federal Register shall publish periodically a special edition of the Federal Register to present a compact and practical code called the “Code of Federal Regulations”, to contain each Federal regulation of general applicability and legal effect.

(b) The Administrative Committee intends that every practical means be used to keep the Code as current and readily usable as possible, within limitations imposed by dependability and reasonable costs.

To assure orderly development of the Code of Federal Regulations along practical lines, the Director of the Federal Register may establish new titles in the Code and rearrange existing titles and subordinate assignments. However, before taking an action under this section, the Director shall consult with each agency directly affected by the proposed change.

§ 8.3Periodic updating.

(a) Criteria. Each book of the Code shall be updated at least once each calendar year. If no change in its contents has occurred during the year, a simple notation to that effect may serve as the supplement for that year. More frequent updating of any unit of the Code may be made whenever the Director of the Federal Register determines that the content of the unit has been substantially superseded or otherwise determines that such action would be consistent with the intent and purpose of the Administrative Committee as stated in § 8.1.

(b) Staggered publication. The Code will be produced over a 12-month period under a staggered publication system to be determined by the Director of the Federal Register.

(c) Cutoff dates. Each updated title of the Code will reflect each amendment to that title published as a codified regulation in the Federal Register on or before the “As of” date. Thus, each title updated as of July 1 each year will reflect all amendatory documents appearing in the daily Federal Register on or before July 1.

A subject index to the entire Code shall be annually revised and separately published. An agency-prepared index for any individual book may be published with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register.

§ 8.5Ancillaries.

The Code shall provide, among others, the following-described finding aids:

(a) Parallel tables of statutory authorities and rules. In the Code of Federal Regulations Index or at such other place as the Director of the Federal Register considers appropriate, numerical lists of all sections of the current edition of the United States Code (except section 301 of title 5) which are cited by issuing agencies as rulemaking authority for currently effective regulations in the Code of Federal Regulations. The lists shall be arranged in the order of the titles and sections of the United States Code with parallel citations to the pertinent titles and parts of the Code of Federal Regulations.

(b) Parallel tables of Presidential documents and agency rules. In the Code of Federal Regulations Index, or at such other place as the Director of the Federal Register considers appropriate, tables of proclamations, Executive orders, and similar Presidential documents which are cited as rulemaking authority in currently effective regulations in the Code of Federal Regulations.

(c) List of CFR sections affected. Following the text of each Code of Federal Regulations volume, a numerical list of sections which are affected by documents published in the Federal Register. (Separate volumes, “List of Sections Affected, 1949-1963” and “List of CFR Sections Affected, 1964-1972”, list all sections of the Code which have been affected by documents published during the period January 1, 1949, to December 31, 1963, and January 1, 1964, to December 31, 1972, respectively.)1 Listings shall refer to Federal Register pages and shall be designed to enable the user of the Code to find the precise text that was in effect on a given date in the period covered.

1 A three volume set, “List of CFR Sections Affected, 1973-1985”, lists all sections of the Code which have been affected during the period January 1, 1973 to December 31, 1985.

(a) Under section 1506 of title 44, United States Code, the Administrative Committee authorizes publication of the Code of Federal Regulations in the following formats:

(1) Paper;

(2) Microfiche; and

(3) Online on GPO Access (44 US.C. 4101).

(b) The Director of the Federal Register is authorized to regulate the format of the Code of Federal Regulations according to the needs of users and compatibility with the facilities of the Government Printing Office. The Director may provide for the Code of Federal Regulations to be printed in as many separately bound books as necessary, set requirements for microfiche images, and oversee the organization and means of access to material in the online edition.

[65 FR 8843, Feb. 23, 2000]§ 8.7Agency cooperation.

Each agency shall cooperate in keeping publication of the Code current by complying promptly with deadlines set by the Director of the Federal Register and the Public Printer.

§ 8.9Form of citation.

The Code of Federal Regulations may be cited by title and section, and the short form “CFR” may be used for “Code of Federal Regulations.” For example, “1 CFR 10.2” refers to title 1, Code of Federal Regulations, part 10, section 2.

Pt. 9PART 9—THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT MANUALSec.9.1Publication required.9.2Scope.Authority:

The Director of the Federal Register shall separately publish annually or at times designated by the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register a special edition of the Federal Register called “The United States Government Manual” or any other title that the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register considers appropriate. The Director of the Federal Register may issue special supplements to the Manual when such supplementation is considered to be in the public interest.

[54 FR 9677, Mar. 7, 1989]§ 9.2Scope.

(a) The Manual shall contain appropriate information about the Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branches of the Federal Government, which for the major Executive agencies shall include—

(1) Descriptions of the agency's public purposes, programs and functions;

(2) Established places and methods whereby the public may obtain information and make submittals or requests; and

(3) Lists of officials heading major operating units.

(b) Brief information about quasiofficial agencies and supplemental information that in the opinion of the Director of the Federal Register is of enough public interest to warrant inclusion shall also be published in the Manual.

The Director of the Federal Register shall publish a special edition of the Federal Register called the “Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents”.

§ 10.2Scope and sources.

(a) The basic text of each publication consists of oral statements by the President or of writing subscribed by the President, and selected from transcripts or text issued by the Office of the White House Press Secretary, including—

(1) Communications to Congress;

(2) Public addresses and remarks;

(3) News conferences and interviews;

(4) Public messages and letters;

(5) Statements released on miscellaneous subjects; and

(6) Formal executive documents promulgated in accordance with law.

(b) In addition, each publication includes selections, either in full text or ancillary form, from the following groups of documents, when issued by the Press Office.

(1) Announcements of Presidential appointments and nominations;

(2) White House statements and announcements on miscellaneous subjects;

(3) Statements by the Press Secretary or Deputy Press Secretary;

(4) Statements and news conferences by senior administration officials; and

(5) Fact sheets.

§ 10.3Format, indexes, and ancillaries.

(a) The Administrative Committee publishes the paper edition of the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents in the binding and style it considers suitable for public and official use.

(c) The Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents is appropriately indexed and contains ancillary information on Presidential activities and documents not carried in full text. In general, ancillary texts, notes and tables are derived from official sources.

The Director of the Federal Register shall publish annually a special edition of the Federal Register called the “Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States”.

§ 10.11Scope and sources.

The basic text of the Public Papers consists of the documents printed in the “Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents”.

§ 10.12Format, indexes, and ancillaries.

(a) Each publication covers one calendar year, unless procedures require otherwise, and is divided into books according to the amount of material to be included. The publication is published in the binding and style that the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register considers suitable to the dignity of the Office of the President of the United States.

The Administrative Committee may authorize the publication of volumes of papers of the Presidents covering specified years before 1945 after consulting with the National Historical Publications and Records Commission.

SUBCHAPTER D—AVAILABILITY OF OFFICE OF THE FEDERAL REGISTER PUBLICATIONSPt. 11PART 11—SUBSCRIPTIONSSec.11.1Subscription by the public.11.2Federal Register.11.3Code of Federal Regulations.11.4The United States Government Manual.11.5Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States.11.6Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents.11.7Federal Register Index.11.8LSA (List of CFR Sections Affected).Authority:

The Government Printing Office produces the paper and microfiche editions of the publications described in § 2.5 of this chapter, and the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, makes them available for sale to the public. All fees are payable in advance to the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office. They are not available for free distribution to the public.

(a) The subscription price for the paper edition of the daily Federal Register is $749 per year. A combined subscription to the daily Federal Register, the monthly Federal Register Index, and the monthly LSA (List of CFR Sections Affected) is $808 per year for the paper edition, or $165 per year for the microfiche edition. Six-month subscriptions for the paper and microfiche editions are also available at one-half the annual rate. Those prices exclude postage. The prevailing postal rates will be applied to orders according to the delivery method requested. The price of a single copy of the daily Federal Register, including postage, is based on the number of pages: $11 for an issue containing less than 200 pages; $22 for an issue containing 200 to 400 pages; and $33 for an issue containing more than 400 pages. Single issues of the microfiche edition may be purchased for $3 per copy, including postage.

(b) The online edition of the Federal Register, issued under the authority of the Administrative Committee, is available on GPO Access, a service of the Government Printing Office (44 U.S.C. 4101).

(a) The subscription price for a complete set of the Code of Federal Regulations is $1,019 per year for the bound, paper edition, or $247 per year for the microfiche edition. Those prices exclude postage. The prevailing postal rates will be applied to orders according to the delivery method requested. The Government Printing Office sells individual volumes of the paper edition of the Code of Federal Regulations at prices determined by the Superintendent of Documents under the general direction of the Administrative Committee. The price of a single volume of the microfiche edition is $4 per copy, including postage.

(b) The online edition of the Code of Federal Regulations, issued under the authority of the Administrative Committee, is available on GPO Access, a service of the Government Printing Office (44 U.S.C. 4101).

Copies of the bound, paper edition of the Manual are sold at a price determined by the Superintendent of Documents under the general direction of the Administrative Committee. The online edition of the Manual, issued under the authority of the Administrative Committee, is available on GPO Access, a service of the Government Printing Office (44 U.S.C. 4101).

Copies of annual clothbound volumes are sold at a price determined by the Superintendent of Documents under the general direction of the Administrative Committee.

§ 11.6Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents.

(a) The subscription price for the paper edition of the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents is $113 per year, excluding postage. The prevailing postal rates will be applied to orders according to the delivery method requested. The price of an individual copy is $5, including postage.

(b) The online edition of the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, issued under the authority of the Administrative Committee, is available on GPO Access, a service of the Government Printing Office (44 U.S.C. 4101).

The annual subscription price for the monthly Federal Register Index, purchased separately, in paper form, is $29. The price excludes postage. The prevailing postal rates will be applied to orders according to the delivery method requested.

The annual subscription price for the monthly LSA (List of CFR Sections Affected), purchased separately, in paper form, is $30. The price excludes postage. The prevailing postal rates will be applied to orders according to the delivery method requested.

[69 FR 12783, Mar. 18, 2004]Pt. 12PART 12—OFFICIAL DISTRIBUTION WITHIN FEDERAL GOVERNMENTSec.12.1Federal Register.12.2Code of Federal Regulations.12.3The United States Government Manual.12.4Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents.12.5Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States.Authority:

(a) Copies of the daily Federal Register in paper or microfiche form shall be made available to the following without charge:

(1) Members of Congress. Each Senator and each Member of the House of Representatives will be provided with not more than five copies of each daily issue based on a written request to the Director of the Federal Register.

(2) Congressional committees. Each committee of the Senate and the House of Representatives will be provided with the number of copies needed for official use based on a written request from the chairperson, or authorized delegate, to the Director of the Federal Register.

(3) Supreme Court. The Supreme Court will be provided with the number of copies needed for official use based on a written request to the Director of the Federal Register.

(4) Other courts. Other constitutional or legislative courts of the United States will be provided with the number of copies needed for official use based on a written request from the Director of the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, or authorized delegate, to the Director of the Federal Register.

(5) Executive agencies. Each Federal executive agency will be provided with the number of copies needed for official use based on a written request from the agency Federal Register authorizing officer, or the alternate, designated under § 16.1 of this chapter, to the Director of the Federal Register.

(b) Requisitions for quantity overruns of specific issues to be paid for by the agency are available as follows:

(1) To meet its needs for special distribution of the Federal Register in substantial quantity, any agency may request an overrun of a specific issue.

(2) An advance printing and binding requisition on Standard Form 1 must be submitted by the agency directly to the Government Printing Office, to be received not later than 12 noon on the working day before publication.

(c) Requisitions for quantity overruns of separate part issues to be paid for by the agency are available as follows:

(1) Whenever it is determined by the Director of the Federal Register to be in the public interest, one or more documents may be published as a separate part (e.g., part II, part III) of the Federal Register.

(2) Advance arrangements for this service must be made with the Office of the Federal Register.

(3) Any agency may request an overrun of such a separate part by submitting an advance printing and binding requisition on Standard Form 1 directly to the Government Printing Office, to be received not later than 12 noon on the working day before the publication date.

(d) An agency may order limited quantities of extra copies of a specific issue of the Federal Register for official use, from the Superintendent of Documents, to be paid for by that agency.

(e) Copies of the Federal Register Index and LSA (List of CFR Sections Affected) are included with each Federal Register official distribution.

§ 12.2Code of Federal Regulations.

(a) Copies of the Code of Federal Regulations in paper or microfiche form shall be made available to the following without charge:

(1) Congressional committees. Each committee of the Senate and House of Representatives will be provided with the number of copies needed for official use based on a written request from the chairperson, or authorized delegate, to the Director of the Federal Register.

(2) Supreme Court. The Supreme Court will be provided with the number of copies needed for official use based on a written request to the Director of the Federal Register.

(3) Other courts. Other constitutional and legislative courts of the United States will be provided with the number of copies needed for official use based on a written request from the Director of the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, or authorized delegate, to the Director of the Federal Register.

(4) Executive agencies. Each Federal executive agency will be provided with the number of copies needed for official use, not to exceed 300 copies of individual titles per agency, based on a written request from the agency Federal Register authorizing officer, or the alternate, designated under § 16.1 of this chapter, to the Director of the Federal Register.

(b) Legislative, judicial, and executive agencies of the Federal Government may obtain additional copies of selected units of the Code, at cost, for official use, by submission, before the press run, of a printing and binding requisition to the Government Printing Office on Standard Form 1.

(c) After the press run, each request for extra copies of selected units of the Code must be addressed to the Superintendent of Documents, to be paid for by the agency making the request.

§ 12.3The United States Government Manual.

(a) Copies of The United States Government Manual shall be made available to the following without charge:

(1) Members of Congress. Each Senator and each Member of the House of Representatives will be provided with twelve copies.

(2) Congressional committees. Each committee of the Senate and House of Representatives will be provided with the number of copies needed for official use based on a written request from the chairperson, or authorized delegate, to the Director of the Federal Register.

(3) Supreme Court. The Supreme Court will be provided with not more than 18 copies based on a written request to the Director of the Federal Register.

(4) Other courts. Other constitutional and legislative courts of the United States will be provided with one copy based on a written request from the Director of the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, or authorized delegate, to the Director of the Federal Register.

(5) Executive agencies. Each head of a Federal executive agency and each liaison officer designated under § 16.1 or 20.1 of this chapter will be provided with one copy.

(b) Legislative, judicial, and executive agencies of the Federal Government may obtain additional copies of the Manual, at cost, for official use, by submission, before the press run, of a printing and binding requisition to the Government Printing Office on Standard Form 1.

(c) After the press run, each request for extra copies of the Manual must be addressed to the Superintendent of Documents, to be paid for by the agency making the request.

§ 12.4Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents.

(a) Copies of the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents shall be made available to the following without charge:

(1) Members of Congress. Each Senator and each Member of the House of Representatives will be provided with the number of copies needed for official use based on a written request to the Director of the Federal Register.

(2) Congressional committees. Each committee of the Senate and the House of Representatives will be provided with the number of copies needed for official use based on a written request from the chairperson, or authorized delegate, to the Director of the Federal Register.

(3) Supreme Court. The Supreme Court will be provided with the number of copies needed for official use based on a written request to the Director of the Federal Register.

(4) Other courts. Other constitutional and legislative courts of the United States will be provided with the number of copies needed for official use based on a written request from the Director of the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts, or authorized delegate, to the Director of the Federal Register.

(5) Executive agencies. Each Federal executive agency will be provided with the number of copies needed for official use based on a written request from the agency Federal Register authorizing officer, or the alternate designated under § 16.1 of this chapter, to the Director of the Federal Register.

(b) Legislative, judicial, and executive agencies of the Federal Government may obtain additional copies of selected issues of the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, at cost, for official use, by submission, before the press run, of a printing and binding requisition to the Government Printing Office on a Standard Form 1.

(c) After the press run, each request for extra copies of selected issues must be addressed to the Superintendent of Documents, to be paid for by the agency making the request.

§ 12.5Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States.

(a) Copies of the Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States shall be made available to the following without charge:

(1) Members of Congress. Each Senator and each Member of the House of Representatives will be provided with one copy of each annual publication published during the Member's term in office based on a written request to the Director of the Federal Register.

(2) Supreme Court. The Supreme Court will be provided with not more than 12 copies of each publication based on a written request to the Director of the Federal Register.

(3) Executive agencies. Each head of a Federal executive agency will be provided with one copy of each annual publication based on a written request from the agency Federal Register authorizing officer, or the alternate, designated under § 16.1 of this chapter, to the Director of the Federal Register.

(b) Legislative, judicial, and executive agencies of the Federal Government may obtain additional copies, at cost, for official use, by submission before the press run, of a printing and binding requisition to the Government Printing Office on Standard Form 1.

(c) After the press run, each request for extra copies must be addressed to the Superintendent of Documents, to be paid for by the agency making the request.

SUBCHAPTER E—PREPARATION, TRANSMITTAL, AND PROCESSING OF DOCUMENTSPt. 15PART 15—SERVICES TO FEDERAL AGENCIESSubpart A—GeneralSec.15.1Cooperation.15.2Information services.15.3Staff assistance.15.4Reproduction and certification of copies of acts and documents.Subpart B—Special Assistance15.10Information on drafting and publication.Authority:

The Director of the Federal Register shall assist each agency in complying with the pertinent publication laws to assure efficient public service in promulgating administrative documents having the effect of legal notice or of law.

§ 15.2Information services.

The Director of the Federal Register shall provide for the answering of each appropriate inquiry presented in person, by telephone, or in writing. Each written communication and each matter involving the Administrative Committee shall be sent to the Director, Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC 20408.

[50 FR 12468, Mar. 28, 1985]§ 15.3Staff assistance.

The staff of the Office of the Federal Register shall provide informal assistance and advice to officials of the various agencies with respect to general or specific programs of regulatory drafting, procedures, and promulgation practices.

§ 15.4Reproduction and certification of copies of acts and documents.

The Director of the Federal Register shall furnish to requesting agencies, at cost, reproductions or certified copies of original acts and documents filed with that Office that are needed for official use unless funds are appropriated for that purpose.

The Director of the Federal Register may prepare, and distribute to agencies, information and instructions designed to promote effective compliance with the purposes of chapter 15 of title 44, United States Code, sections 552-553 of title 5, United States Code, related statutes, and this chapter. The Director may also develop and conduct programs of technical instruction.

(a) Each agency shall designate, from its officers or employees, persons to serve in the following capacities with relation to the Office of the Federal Register:

(1) A liaison officer and an alternate.

(2) A certifying officer and an alternate.

(3) An authorizing officer and an alternate.

The same person may be designated to serve in one or more of these positions.

(b) In choosing its liaison officer, each agency should consider that this officer will be the main contact between that agency and the Office of the Federal Register and that the liaison officer will be charged with the duties set forth in § 16.2. Therefore, the agency should choose a person who is directly involved in the agency's regulatory program.

(c) Each agency shall notify the Director of the name, title, address, and telephone number of each person it designates under this section and shall promptly notify the Director of any changes.

§ 16.2Liaison duties.

Each agency liaison officer shall—

(a) Represent the agency in all matters relating to the submission of documents to the Office of the Federal Register, and respecting general compliance with this chapter;

(b) Be responsible for the effective distribution and use within the agency of Federal Register information on document drafting and publication assistance authorized by § 15.10 of this chapter;

(c) Promote the agency's participation in the technical instruction authorized by § 15.10 of this chapter; and

(d) Be available to discuss documents submitted for publication with the editors of the Federal Register.

[54 FR 9679, Mar. 7, 1989]§ 16.3Certifying duties.

The agency certifying officer is responsible for attaching the required number of true copies of each original document submitted by the agency to the Office of the Federal Register and for making the certification required by §§ 18.5 and 18.6 of this chapter.

[54 FR 9679, Mar. 7, 1989]§ 16.4Authorizing duties.

The agency authorizing officer is responsible for furnishing, to the Director of the Federal Register, a current mailing list of officers or employees of the agency who are authorized to receive the Federal Register, the Code of Federal Regulations, and the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents for official use.

[54 FR 9679, Mar. 7, 1989]Pt. 17PART 17—FILING FOR PUBLIC INSPECTION AND PUBLICATION SCHEDULESPt. 17Sec.Subpart A—Receipt and Processing17.1Receipt and processing.Subpart B—Regular Schedule17.2Procedure and timing for regular schedule.Subpart C—Emergency Schedule17.3Criteria for emergency publication.17.4Procedure and timing for emergency publication.17.5Criteria for emergency filing for public inspection.17.6Procedure and timing for emergency filing for public inspection.Subpart D—Deferred Schedule17.7Criteria for deferred schedule.Authority:

Unless special arrangements are made with the Director of the Federal Register, the Office of the Federal Register receives documents only during official working hours. Upon receipt, each document shall be held for confidential processing until it is filed for public inspection.

(a) Each document received shall be filed for public inspection only after it has been received, processed and assigned a publication date.

(b) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, each document received by 2:00 p.m. which meets the requirements of this chapter shall be assigned to the regular schedule. Unless the issuing agency makes special arrangements otherwise, or the Office determines that the document requires a deferred schedule (see 1 CFR 17.7), receipt of a document by 2:00 p.m. is considered to be a request for filing for public inspection and publication on the regular schedule. Documents received after 2:00 p.m. which meet the requirements of this chapter shall be assigned to the next working day's regular schedule.

(c) The regular schedule for filing for public inspection and publication is as follows:

Received before 2:00 p.m.Filed for public inspectionPublishedMondayWednesdayThursdayTuesdayThursdayFridayWednesdayFridayMondayThursdayMondayTuesdayFridayTuesdayWednesdayWhere a legal Federal holiday intervenes, one additional work day is added.

(d) Each notice of meeting issued under the “Government in the Sunshine Act” (5 U.S.C. 552b(e)(3)) is placed on immediate public inspection after it has been received, processed, and assigned a publication date.

(1) Each notice received before 4:00 p.m. is scheduled to be published 2 working days later.

(2) Each notice received after 4:00 p.m. is scheduled to be published 3 working days later.

(a) Each agency requesting publication on the emergency schedule shall briefly describe the emergency and the benefits to be attributed to immediate publication in the Federal Register. The request must be made by letter.

(b) The Director of the Federal Register shall assign a document to the emergency schedule whenever the Director concurs with a request for that action and it is feasible.

(c) Each document assigned to the emergency schedule shall be published as soon as possible.

(d) Each document assigned to the emergency schedule for publication will be filed for public inspection on the working day before publication unless emergency filing for public inspection is also requested.

An agency may request emergency filing for public inspection for documents to be published under the regular, emergency or deferred publication schedules. Emergency filing for public inspection provides for the fastest possible public access to a document after it has been received, processed and assigned a publication date. Emergency filing for public inspection is considered a special arrangement under § 17.2 of this part that results in deviation from the regular schedule for filing for public inspection. A document receiving emergency filing for public inspection remains on public inspection until it is published according to the schedule for publication.

Except as provided in § 19.2 of this subchapter for Executive orders and proclamations, each agency submitting a document to be filed and published in the Federal Register shall send an original and two duplicate originals or certified copies.1 However, if the document is printed or processed on both sides, one of the copies sent by the agency must be a collated, single-sided copy.

1 Agencies with computer processed data are urged to consult with the Office of the Federal Register staff about possible use of the data in the publication process.

(a) The Director of the Federal Register will not accept a document for filing and publication if it combines material that must appear under more than one category in the Federal Register. For example, a document may not contain both rulemaking and notice of proposed rulemaking material.

(b) Where two related documents are to be published in the same Federal Register issue, the agency may insert a cross-reference in each document.

(a) Each document authorized or required by law to be filed for public inspection with the Office of the Federal Register and published in the Federal Register shall be sent to the Director of the Federal Register.

(b) Except for cases involving special handling or treatment, there is no need for a letter of transmittal for a document submitted for filing and Federal Register publication.

(c) Receipt dates are determined at the time a signed original and clear and legible copies are received.

(a) A printed or processed document may be accepted for filing for public inspection and publication if it is on bond or similar quality paper, legible, and free of adhesive or correction tape.2

2 Agencies with computer processed data are urged to consult with the Office of the Federal Register staff about possible use of the data in the publication process.

(b) A document in the form of a letter or press release may not be accepted for filing for public inspection or publication in the rules and regulations, proposed rules, or notices categories of the Federal Register.

(c) Original documents submitted by telecommunication and authenticated by digital signatures consistent with applicable Federal standards and Office of the Federal Register technical specifications may be accepted for publication.3

3 At present, submission of documents by telecommunication is limited to selected pilot projects.

The certified copies or duplicate originals of each document must be submitted with the original. Each copy or duplicate must be entirely clear and legible.

[54 FR 9681, Mar. 7, 1989]§ 18.6Form of certification.

Each copy of each document submitted for filing and publication, except a Presidential document or a duplicate original, must be certified as follows:

(Certified to be a true copy of the original)The certification must be signed by a certifying officer designated under § 16.1 of this chapter.[54 FR 9681, Mar. 7, 1989]§ 18.7Signature.

The original and each duplicate original document must be signed in ink, with the name and title of the official signing the document typed or stamped beneath the signature. Initialed or impressed signatures will not be accepted. Documents submitted under § 18.4(c) may be authenticated as original documents by digital signatures.

Use of a seal on an original document or certified copy is optional with the issuing agency.

§ 18.9Style.

Each document submitted by an agency for filing and publication shall conform to the current edition of the U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual in punctuation, capitalization, spelling, and other matters of style.

(a) If it is necessary to publish a form or illustration, a clear and legible original form or illustration, or a clear and completely legible reproduction approximately 8 1/2 by 11 inches, shall be included in the original document and each certified copy.

(b) A document that includes tabular material may be assigned to the deferred publication schedule. See § 17.7.

[54 FR 9681, Mar. 7, 1989]§ 18.12Preamble requirements.

(a) Each agency submitting a proposed or final rule document for publication shall prepare a preamble which will inform the reader, who is not an expert in the subject area, of the basis and purpose for the rule or proposal.

(b) The preamble shall be in the following format and contain the following information:

AGENCY:(Name of issuing agency)ACTION:(Notice of Intent), (Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking), (Proposed Rule), (Final Rule), (Other).SUMMARY:(Brief statements, in simple language, of: (i) the action being taken; (ii) the circumstances which created the need for the action; and (iii) the intended effect of the action.)DATES:(Comments must be received on or before: _____.) (Proposed effective date: _____.) (Effective date: _____.) (Hearing: _____.) (Other: _____.)ADDRESSES:(Any relevant addresses.)FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:(For Executive departments and agencies, the name and telephone number of a person in the agency to contact for additional information about the document [Presidential Memorandum, 41 FR 42764, September 28, 1976].)SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:(See paragraph (c) of this section.)

(c) The agency may include the following information in the preamble, as applicable:

(1) A discussion of the background and major issues involved;

(2) In the case of a final rule, any significant differences between it and the proposed rule;

(a) A document that has been filed for public inspection with the Office of the Federal Register but not yet published, may be withdrawn from publication or corrected by the submitting agency. Withdrawals or minor corrections may be made with a timely letter, signed by a duly authorized representative of the agency. Extensive corrections may require agency withdrawal of the document from publication.

(b) Both the originally filed document and the withdrawing or correcting letter shall remain on file. The original document and the withdrawing or correcting letter will be retained by the Office of the Federal Register after the public inspection period expires.

[54 FR 9681, Mar. 7, 1989]§ 18.15Correction of errors in printing.

(a) Typographical or clerical errors made in the printing of the Federal Register shall be corrected by insertion of an appropriate notation or a reprinting in the Federal Register published without further agency documentation, if the Director of the Federal Register determines that—

(1) The error would tend to confuse or mislead the reader; or

(2) The error would affect text subject to codification.

(b) The issuing agency shall review published documents and notify the Office of the Federal Register of printing errors found in published documents.

(c) If the error was in the document as submitted by the agency, the issuing agency must prepare and submit for publication a correction document.

Agencies may reinstate regulations removed from the Code of Federal Regulations data base which have expired by their own terms only by republishing the regulations in full text in the Federal Register.

[54 FR 9681, Mar. 7, 1989]§ 18.17Effective dates and time periods.

(a) Each document submitted for publication in the Federal Register that includes an effective date or time period should either set forth a date certain or a time period measured by a certain number of days after publication in the Federal Register. When a document sets forth a time period measured by a certain number of days after publication, Office of the Federal Register staff will compute the date to be inserted in the document as set forth in paragraph (b) of this section.

(b) Dates certain will be computed by counting the day after the publication day as one, and by counting each succeeding day, including Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays. However, where the final count would fall on a Saturday, Sunday, or holiday, the date certain will be the next succeeding Federal business day.

(c) In the event an effective date is dependent upon Congressional action, or an act of Congress or a dispositive Federal court decision establishes or changes the effective date of an agency's regulation, the issuing agency shall promptly publish a document in the Federal Register announcing the effective date.

(a) Federal Register documents. Each agency that submits a document that is published in the Rules and Regulations section or the Proposed Rules section of the Federal Register shall—

(1) Include a list of index terms for each Code of Federal Regulations part affected by the document; and

(2) Place the list of index terms as the last item in the Supplementary Information portion of the preamble for the document.

(b) Federal Register Thesaurus. To prepare its list of index terms, each agency shall use terms contained in the Federal Register Thesaurus of Indexing Terms. Agencies may include additional terms not contained in the Thesaurus as long as the appropriate Thesaurus terms are also used. Copies of the Federal Register Thesaurus of Indexing Terms are available from the Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D.C. 20408.

[46 FR 7163, Jan. 22, 1981, as amended at 54 FR 9681, Mar. 7, 1989]Pt. 19PART 19—EXECUTIVE ORDERS AND PRESIDENTIAL PROCLAMATIONSSec.19.1Form.19.2Routing and approval of drafts.19.3Routing and certification of originals and copies.19.4Proclamations calling for the observance of special days or events.19.5Proclamations of treaties excluded.19.6Definition.Authority:

Proposed Executive orders and proclamations shall be prepared in accordance with the following requirements:

(a) The order or proclamation shall be given a suitable title.

(b) The order or proclamation shall contain a citation of the authority under which it is issued.

(c) Punctuation, capitalization, spelling, and other matters of style shall, in general, conform to the most recent edition of the U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual.

(d) The spelling of geographic names shall conform to the decisions of the Board on Geographic Names, established by section 2 of the Act of July 25, 1947, 61 Stat. 456 (43 U.S.C. 364a).

(e) Descriptions of tracts of land shall conform, so far as practicable, to the most recent edition of the “Specifications for Descriptions of Tracts of Land for Use in Executive Orders and Proclamations,”1 prepared by the Bureau of Land Management, Department of the Interior.

1 Agencies with computer processed data are urged to consult with the Office of the Federal Register staff about possible use of the data in the publication process.

(f) Proposed Executive orders and proclamations shall be typewritten on paper approximately 8 x 13 inches, shall have a left-hand margin of approximately 11/2 inches and a right-hand margin of approximately 1 inch, and shall be double-spaced except that quotations, tabulations, and descriptions of land may be single-spaced.

(g) Proclamations issued by the President shall conclude with the following-described recitation:

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this __ day of _____, in the year of our Lord _______, and of the Independence of the United States of America the _______.

(a) A proposed Executive order or proclamation shall first be submitted, with seven copies thereof, to the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, together with a letter, signed by the head or other properly authorized officer of the originating Federal agency, explaining the nature, purpose, background, and effect of the proposed Executive order or proclamation and its relationship, if any, to pertinent laws and other Executive orders or proclamations.

(b) If the Director of the Office of Management and Budget approves the proposed Executive order or proclamation, he shall transmit it to the Attorney General for his consideration as to both form and legality.

(c) If the Attorney General approves the proposed Executive order or proclamation, he shall transmit it to the Director of the Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration: Provided, That in cases involving sufficient urgency the Attorney General may transmit it directly to the President: And provided further, That the authority vested in the Attorney General by this section may be delegated by him, in whole or in part, to the Deputy Attorney General, Solicitor General, or to such Assistant Attorney General as he may designate.

(d) After determining that the proposed Executive order or proclamation conforms to the requirements of § 19.1 and is free from typographical or clerical error, the Director of the Office of the Federal Register shall transmit it and three copies thereof to the President.

(e) If the proposed Executive order or proclamation is disapproved by the Director of the Office of Management and Budget or by the Attorney General, it shall not thereafter be presented to the President unless it is accompanied by a statement of the reasons for such disapproval.

§ 19.3Routing and certification of originals and copies.

(a) If the order or proclamation is signed by the President, the original and two copies shall be forwarded to the Director of the Federal Register for publication in the Federal Register.

(b) The Office of the Federal Register shall cause to be placed upon the copies of all Executive orders and proclamations forwarded as provided in paragraph (a) of this section the following notation, to be signed by the Director or by some person authorized by him to sign such notation: “Certified to be a true copy of the original.”

§ 19.4Proclamations calling for the observance of special days or events.

Except as may be otherwise provided by law, responsibility for the preparation and presentation of proposed proclamations calling for the observance of special days, or other periods of time, or events, shall be assigned by the Director of the Office of Management and Budget to such agencies as he may consider appropriate. Such proposed proclamations shall be submitted to the Director at least 60 days before the date of the specified observance. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 19.2, the Director shall transmit any approved commemorative proclamations to the President.

Consonant with the provisions of chapter 15 of title 44 of the United States Code (44 U.S.C. 1511), nothing in these regulations shall be construed to apply to treaties, conventions, protocols, or other international agreements, or proclamations thereof by the President.

§ 19.6Definition.

The term “Presidential proclamations and Executive orders,” as used in chapter 15 of title 44 of the United States Code (44 U.S.C. 1505(a)), shall, except as the President or his representative may hereafter otherwise direct, be deemed to include such attachments thereto as are referred to in the respective proclamations or orders.

Pt. 20PART 20—HANDLING OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT MANUAL STATEMENTSSec.20.1Liaison officers.20.2Preparation of agency statements.20.3Organization.20.4Description of program activities.20.5Sources of information.20.6Form, style, arrangement and apportionment of space.20.7Deadline dates.Authority:

(a) Each of the following shall appoint an officer to maintain liaison with the Office on matters relating to The United States Government Manual:

(1) Agencies of the legislative and judicial branches.

(2) Executive agencies that do not have a liaison officer designated under § 16.1 of this chapter or who wish to appoint a liaison officer for Manual matters other than the one designated under such § 16.1.

(3) Quasi-official agencies represented in the Manual.

(4) Any other agency that the Director believes should be included in the Manual.

(b) Each liaison officer will insure agency compliance with part 9 of this chapter and this part 20.

In accordance with schedules established under § 20.7 each agency shall submit for publication in the Manual an official draft of the information required by § 9.2 of this chapter and this part 20.

§ 20.3Organization.

(a) Information about lines of authority and organization may be reflected in a chart if the chart clearly delineates the agency's organizational structure. Charts must be prepared so as to be perfectly legible when reduced to the size of a Manual page. Charts that do not meet this requirement will not be included in the Manual.

(b) Listings of heads of operating units should be arranged whenever possible to reflect relationships between units.

(c) Narrative descriptions of organizational structure or hierarchy that duplicate information conveyed by charts or by lists of officials will not be published in the Manual.

(a) Descriptions should clearly state the public purposes that the agency serves, and the programs that carry out those purposes.

(b) Descriptions of the responsibilities of individuals or of administrative units common to most agencies will not be accepted for publication in the Manual.

[54 FR 9682, Mar. 7, 1989]§ 20.5Sources of information.

Pertinent sources of information useful to the public, in areas of public interest such as employment, consumer activities, contracts, services to small business, and other topics of public interest should be provided with each agency statement. These sources of information shall plainly identify the places at which the public may obtain information or make submittals or requests.

§ 20.6Form, style, arrangement and apportionment of space.

The form, style, and arrangement of agency statements and other materials included in the Manual and the apportionment of space therein shall be determined by the Director of the Federal Register. The U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual is the applicable reference work in determining style.

§ 20.7Deadline dates.

The Manual is published on a schedule designed to provide the public with information about their Government on a timely basis. Therefore, agencies must comply with the deadline dates established by the Director of the Federal Register for transmittal of statements and charts and for the verification of proofs. Failure to do so may result in publication of an outdated statement or the omission of important material, thus depriving members of the public of information they have a right to expect in a particular edition of the Manual.

Pt. 21PART 21—PREPARATION OF DOCUMENTS SUBJECT TO CODIFICATIONSubpart A—GeneralSec.21.1Drafting.21.6Notice of expiration of codified material.Code Structure21.7Titles and subtitles.21.8Chapters and subchapters.21.9Parts, subparts, and undesignated center heads.21.10Sections.Numbering21.11Standard organization of the Code of Federal Regulations.21.12Reservation of numbers.21.14Deviations from standard organization of the Code of Federal Regulations.Headings21.16Required document headings.21.18Tables of contents.21.19Composition of part headings.Amendments21.20General requirements.References21.21General requirements: References.21.23Parallel citations of Code and Federal Register.21.24References to 1938 edition of Code.Effective Date Statement21.30General.OMB Control Numbers21.35OMB control numbers.Subpart B—Citations of Authority21.40General requirements: Authority citations.21.41Agency responsibility.21.42Exceptions.Placement21.43Placing and amending authority citations.21.45Nonstatutory authority.Form21.51General.21.52Statutory material.21.53Nonstatutory materials.Authority:

(a) Each agency that prepares a document that is subject to codification shall draft it as an amendment to the Code of Federal Regulations, in accordance with this subchapter, before submitting it to the Office of the Federal Register.

(b) Each agency that prepares a document that is subject to codification shall include words of issuance and amendatory language that precisely describes the relationship of the new provisions to the Code.

Whenever a codified regulation expires after a specified period by its own terms or by law, the issuing agency shall submit a notification by document for publication in the Federal Register.

[54 FR 9682, Mar. 7, 1989]Code Structure§ 21.7Titles and subtitles.

(a) The major divisions of the Code are titles, each of which brings together broadly related Government functions.

(b) Subtitles may be used to distinguish between materials emanating from an overall agency and the material issued by its various components. Subtitles may also be used to group chapters within a title.

§ 21.8Chapters and subchapters.

(a) The normal divisions of a title are chapters, assigned to the various agencies within a title descriptive of the subject matter covered by the agencies' regulations.

(b) Subchapters may be used to group related parts within a chapter.

(c) Chapter and subchapter assignments are made by the Office of the Federal Register after agency consultation.

(a) The normal divisions of a chapter are parts, consisting of a unified body of regulations applying to a specific function of an issuing agency or devoted to specific subject matter under the control of that agency.

(b) Subparts or undesignated center heads may be used to group related sections within a part. Undesignated center heads may also be used to group sections within a subpart.

§ 21.10Sections.

(a) The normal divisions of a part are sections. Sections are the basic units of the Code.

(b) When internal division is necessary, a section may be divided into paragraphs, and paragraphs may be further subdivided using the lettering indicated in § 21.11.

Numbering§ 21.11Standard organization of the Code of Federal Regulations.

The standard organization consists of the following structural units:

(a) Titles, which are numbered consecutively in Arabic throughout the Code;

(b) Subtitles, which are lettered consecutively in capitals throughout the title;

(c) Chapters, which are numbered consecutively in Roman capitals throughout each title;

(d) Subchapters, which are lettered consecutively in capitals throughout the chapter;

(e) Parts, which are numbered in Arabic throughout each title;

(f) Subparts, which are lettered in capitals;

(g) Sections, which are numbered in Arabic throughout each part. A section number includes the number of the part followed by a period and the number of the section. For example, the section number for section 15 of part 21 is “§ 21.15”; and

(a) Any deviation from standard Code of Federal Regulations designations must be approved in advance by the Office of the Federal Register. Requests for approval must be submitted in writing at least five working days before the agency intends to submit the final rule document for publication and include a copy of the final rule document.

(b) The Director of the Federal Register may allow the keying of section numbers to correspond to a particular numbering system used by an agency only when the keying will benefit both that agency and the public.

[54 FR 9682, Mar. 7, 1989]Headings§ 21.16Required document headings.

(a) Each rule and proposed rule document submitted to the Office of the Federal Register shall contain the following headings, when appropriate, on separate lines in the following order:

(1) Agency name;

(2) Subagency name;

(3) Numerical references to the CFR title and parts affected;

(4) Agency numbers of identifying symbol in brackets, if used;

(5) Brief subject heading describing the document.

(b) Each CFR section in the regulatory text of the document shall have a brief descriptive heading, preceding the text, on a separate line.

[50 FR 12468, Mar. 28, 1985]§ 21.18Tables of contents.

A table of contents shall be used at the beginning of the part whenever a new part is introduced, an existing part is completely revised, or a group of sections is revised or added and set forth as a subpart or otherwise separately grouped under a center head. The table shall follow the part heading and precede the text of the regulations in that part. It shall also list the headings for the subparts, undesignated center headings, sections in the part, and appendix headings to the part or subpart.

Each part heading shall indicate briefly the general subject matter of the part. Phrases such as “Regulations under the Act of July 28, 1955” or other expressions that are not descriptive of the subject matter may not be used. Introductory expressions such as “Regulations governing” and “Rules applicable to” may not be used.

Amendments§ 21.20General requirements.

(a) Each amendatory document shall identify in specific terms the unit amended, and the extent of the changes made.

(b) The number and heading of each section amended shall be set forth in full on a separate line.

References§ 21.21General requirements: References.

(a) Each reference to the Code of Federal Regulations shall be in terms of the specific titles, chapters, parts, sections, and paragraphs involved. Ambiguous references such as “herein”, “above”, “below”, and similar expressions may not be used.

(b) Each document that contains a reference to material published in the Code shall include the Code citation as a part of the reference.

(c) Each agency shall publish its own regulations in full text. Cross-references to the regulations of another agency may not be used as a substitute for publication in full text, unless the Office of the Federal Register finds that the regulation meets any of the following exceptions:

(1) The reference is required by court order, statute, Executive order or reorganization plan.

(2) The reference is to regulations promulgated by an agency with the exclusive legal authority to regulate in a subject matter area, but the referencing agency needs to apply those regulations in its own programs.

(3) The reference is informational or improves clarity rather than being regulatory.

(4) The reference is to test methods or consensus standards produced by a Federal agency that have replaced or preempted private or voluntary test methods or consensus standards in a subject matter area.

Each section in a document subject to codification must include, or be covered by, a complete citation of the authority under which the section is issued, including—

(a) General or specific authority delegated by statute; and

(b) Executive delegations, if any, necessary to link the statutory authority to the issuing agency.

[50 FR 12468, Mar. 28, 1985]§ 21.41Agency responsibility.

(a) Each issuing agency is responsible for the accuracy and integrity of the citations of authority in the documents it issues.

(b) Each issuing agency shall formally amend the citations of authority in its codified material to reflect any changes therein.

§ 21.42Exceptions.

The Director of the Federal Register may make exceptions to the requirements of this subpart relating to placement and form of citations of authority whenever the Director determines that strict application would impair the practical use of the citations.

(a) The requirements for placing authority citations vary with the type of amendment the agency is making in a document. The agency shall set out the full text of the authority citation for each part affected by the document.

(1) If a document sets out an entire CFR part, the agency shall place the complete authority citation directly after the table of contents and before the regulatory text.

(2) If a document amends only certain sections within a CFR part, the agency shall present the complete authority citation to this part as the first item in the list of amendments.

(i) If the authority for issuing an amendment is the same as the authority listed for the whole CFR part, the agency shall simply restate the authority.

(ii) If the authority for issuing an amendment changes the authority citation for the whole CFR part, the agency shall revise the authority citation in its entirety. The agency may specify the particular authority under which certain sections are amended in the revised authority citation.

(b) The agency shall present a centralized authority citation. The authority citation shall appear at the end of the table of contents for a part or after each subpart heading within the text of a part. Citations of authority for particular sections may be specified within the centralized authority citation.

(a) United States Code. All citations to statutory authority shall include a United States Code citation, where available. Citations to titles of the United States Code, whether or not enacted into positive law, may be cited without Public Law or U.S. Statutes at Large citation. For example:

Authority:

10 U.S.C. 501.

(b) Public Laws and U.S. Statutes at Large. Citations to Public Laws and U.S. Statutes at Large are optional when the United States Code is cited. Citations to current public laws and to the U.S. Statutes at Large shall refer to the section of the public law and the volume and page of the U.S. Statutes at Large to which they have been assigned. The page number shall refer to the page on which the section cited begins. For example:

(a) The name of the agency issuing a notice shall be placed at the beginning of the document.

(b) Whenever a specific bureau, service, or similar unit within an agency issues a notice, the name of that bureau, service, or unit shall be placed on a separate line below the name of the agency.

(c) An agency that uses file numbers, docket numbers, or similar identifying symbols shall place them in brackets immediately below the other headings required by this section.

(d) A suitable short title identifying the subject shall be provided beginning on a separate line immediately after the other required caption or captions. Whenever appropriate, an additional brief caption indicating the nature of the document shall be used.

§ 22.2Authority citation.

The authority under which an agency issues a notice shall be cited in narrative form within text or in parentheses on a separate line following text.

Subpart B—Proposed Rules§ 22.5General requirements.

Each proposed rule required by section 553 of title 5, United States Code, or any other statute, and any similar document voluntarily issued by an agency shall include a statement of—

(a) The time, place, and nature of public rulemaking proceedings; and

(b) Reference to the authority under which the regulatory action is proposed.

The area of the Code of Federal Regulations directly affected by a proposed regulatory action shall be identified by placing the appropriate CFR citation immediately below the name of the issuing agency. For example: