Pretend you are a teacher preparing a quiz for the text I will provide. 
            Each quiz question should follow the format below. 
            Ensure that you carefully recheck the questions and answers for accuracy. 
            The output should be a ready-to-use list of dictionaries for the Python eval function:

            [

                    "question": "WRITE THE QUESTION HERE",
                    "options": ["A) OPTION_1", "B) OPTION_2", "C) OPTION_3", "D) OPTION_4"],
                    "answer": INDEX_OF_CORRECT_ANSWER_IN_OPTIONS_LIST,
                    "explanation": "EXPLAIN WHY THE ANSWER IS CORRECT"

            ]

            Text:
            e (2). Available at www.hgh-pro.com 
Nursing Interventions: 
 Help older adult maintain an active body and mind. 
 Encourage older adults to participate in cognitive activities. 
 Give older adult more time to respond to questions & 
environmental 
dangers. 
 When teaching new procedures, etc. give them more time and repeated 
exposure to learn the new procedures. 
 Provide quiet environment to promote sleep. 
 
 
 
Content 
 
~ 14 ~ 
III. Musculoskeletal System: 
Muscles 
 Sarcopenia (↓ muscle mass & Muscle strength) occurs with age.   
 Sarcopenia is associated with increased fatigue & risk of falling.  
Bone/Tendons/Ligaments 
 Gradual loss of bone mass (bone resorption > bone formation) starting 
around age 30s. 
 Decreased water content in cartilage 
 Decreased water in the cartilage of the intervertebral discs results in a ↓ 
in compressibility and flexibility.  This may be one reason for loss of 
height. 
 There is also some decrease in water content of tendons & ligaments 
contributing to ↓ mobility. 
 
Figure (3). Available at www.hgh-pro.com 
Nursing Interventions: 
 Encourage older adult to exercise regularly such as walking. Moving all 
muscles: to increase flexibility, strength, tone, resistance, and balance 
 Supplements: Calcium & Vit D. 
 Talk to caregiver about diet, exercise, vitamins and supplements to help keep 
bones healthy and strong. 
 In regards to a person’s home, consider modifying the living environment to 
minimize the risk of falls and other safety hazards. Remove potential 
dangers such as throw rugs and extension cords. Add grab bars in the 
bathroom and make sure railings along stairs are secure. 
 Proper foot care & footwear. 
 
Content 
 
~ 15 ~ 
IV. Cardiovascular System: 
 
Figure (4). Available at www.saingstudentsmony.orgw 
1. Changes in the heart: 
 A slight increase in the size of the heart, especially the left ventricle, is 
common. The heart wall thickens, so the amount of blood that the 
chamber can hold may actually decrease . 
 The heart may fill more slowly.   
 The valves of the heart thicken and become stiffer 
 ↓
Muscle strength, efficiency 
 The heart, like other muscles, weakens and loses pumping capacity.  
 Decreased amount of blood that is pumped throughout the circulatory 
system lead to decrease heart rate. 
 Arteries or veins may become rigid or blocked, which restricts blood flow 
and circulation. 
2. Blood vessels:   
 Thickening & stiffening in the large arteries   
 Smaller arteries may thicken/stiffen minimally; their ability to dilate & 
constrict diminishes significantly  
 The aorta becomes thicker, stiffer, and less flexible.  This makes the blood 
pressure higher resulting in LV hypertrophy. 
Nursing Interventions: 
 Inform patient that exercise can reduce the strain on the heart, lower blood 
pressure and lower cholesterol levels. 
 Monitor older adults’ cholesterol levels with lowering agents to prevent 
 
Content 
 
~ 16 ~ 
atherosclerosis and arter

            Quiz: