Define the topic and key message ( 2 sentences) Bring creative is cer yone of the most remarkable human traits. Without i, there would be Let's have a look at the research.
no poetry, no intent are no pace travel. But could Al ever match or outi, epe orld se From a theoretical perspective, creativity and innovation is a process of search and combination. We start from one piece of knowledge and connect it with another piece od knowledge into something that is new and useful. In principle, this is also something that can
within data.
be done by machines — in fact, they excel at storing, processing and making connections But even if machines can create innovations from data, this does not mean that they are likely to steal all the spark of human creativity any time soon. Innovation is a problem-solving process — for innovation to happen, problems are combined with solutions. Humans can go either direction — they start with a problem and solve it, or they take a solution and try to find new problems for it.
Using data as an input and code as explicit problem formulation, machines can also provide solutions to problems. Problem finding, however, is hard for machines, as problems are often out of the boundaries of the data pool that machines innovate upon.
What's more, innovation is often based on needs we didn't even know we had. Think of the Walkman. Even if no consumer ever uttered the wish to listen to music while walking, this innovation was a huge success. As such latent needs are hard to formulate and make explicit, they are also unlikely to find their way into the data pool that machines need for innovation.
Humans and machines also have different raw material that they use as input for innovation.
Where humans draw on a lifetime of broad experiences to create ideas from, machines are largely restricted to the data we feed them. Machines can quickly generate countless incremental innovations in forms of new versions based on the input data. Breakthrough innovation, however, is unlikely to come out of machines as it is often based on connecting fields that are distant or unconnected to each other. Think of the invention of the snowboard, which connects the worlds of skiing and surfing.
What is more, creativity isn't just about novelty, it is also about usefulness. While machines are clearly able to create something that is incrementally new, this does not mean that these creations are useful. Usefulness is defined in the eye of those potentially using innovations and is hard to judge for machines. Humans, however, can empathize with other humans and understand their needs better.
Finally, creative ideas generated by Al may be less preferred by consumers simply because they have been created by a machine. Humans might discount ideas from Al since they feel these ideas are less authentic or even threatening. Or they might simply prefer ideas of their kind, an effect that has been observed in other fields before. As of now, many aspects of creativity remain uncontested terrain for machines and Al.
However, there are disclaimers. Even if machines cannot replace humans in the creative domain, they are great help to complement human creativity. For example, we can ask new questions or identify new problems that we solve in combination with machine learning. In addition, our analysis is based on the fact that machines mostly innovate on narrow datasets.
Al could become much more creative if it could combine big, rich and otherwise disconnected
data.
Also, machines may get better at creativity when they get better at the kind of broad intelligence humans possess — something we call "general intelligence". And this might not be too far in the future — some experts assess that there is a 50% chance that machines reach human-level intelligence within the next 50 years.
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