Summarize the following text to main points and sub-points and make detailed explain for them:

concerned about the safety of her neighborhood and the lack of designated space for walking or exercise. This
suggests that the environment is a barrier to her ability to exercise. Therefore, an environmental modification is
needed to address this issue.
⏬
❌ Behavioral modification: This option is incorrect because the girl is already motivated to engage in physical
exercises.
❌ Dietary modification: This option is also incorrect because the specialist has advised the girl to engage in
physical exercises, not to change her diet.
❌ Medical modification: This option is incorrect because there is no indication that the girl requires medical
treatment or intervention to address her obesity.
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🔸 Based on the information provided, the type of modification needed to address the young obese girl's
situation would be:
⬜️
 Perceived Susceptibility
⬜️
 Perceived Severity
⬜️
 Perceived Benefits
⬜️
 Perceived Barriers
⬜️
 Cues to Action
➖➖➖
🟩 Answer:
Perceived Barriers
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🔸 Based on the information provided, what advice would you give this young obese girl?
⬜️
 ?
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🟩 Answer:
Walk in the main roads or home or a gym
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02:06
#Social_BehavioralSciences_HealthCommunication_HealthPromotion
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🔸 A researcher is conducting a study to investigate the impact of physical activity on obesity. When selecting
participants for the study, it becomes apparent that many women are reluctant to take part in physical
activities. What type of determinants is influencing the women's decision not to participate?
🔸 يقوم أحد الباحثين بإجراء دراسة لمعرفة تأثير النشاط البدني على السمنة. عند اختيار المشاركين في الدراسة، يصبح من الواضح أن العديد من
النساء يترددن في المشاركة في األنشطة البدنية. ما هي نوعية المحددات المؤثرة على قرار المرأة بعدم المشاركة؟
⬜
️ Environmental determinants
⬜️
 Behavioral determinants
⬜️
 Social determinants
⬜️
 Genetic determinants
➖➖➖
🟩 Answer:
Social determinants
➖➖➖
🟦 Explanation:
In this scenario, the women's unwillingness to participate in physical activities is likely influenced by social
factors, such as cultural norms, social roles, and relationships.
For example, they may have childcare or family responsibilities that prevent them from engaging in physical
activities, or they may come from a cultural background that does not value physical activity for women.
⏬
❌ Environmental determinants: The scenario suggests that the women are hesitant to participate, rather than
being physically unable to do so.
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02:13
#Social_BehavioralSciences_HealthCommunication_HealthPromotion
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🔸 Given the scenario, what type of communication occurred during the presentation where a group of graduates
planned to deliver a presentation that was supposed to be 15 minutes of explanation followed by 5 minutes for
questions, but due to time constraints, the entire 20 minutes of the presentation was spent on explanation
without any time for questions?
⬜️
 One-way ( Didactic )
⬜️
 Two-way ( Socratic )
⬜️
 Non-verbal communication
⬜️
 Verbal communication
➖➖➖
🟩 Answer:
One-way ( Didactic )
لو ان وقفوا وسألوهم في الخمس دقايق راح يكون Two-way ( Socratic )
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🟦 Explanation:
In this scenario, the graduates presented information to the audience WITHOUT allowing time for questions or
feedback.
This type of communication is characterized as one-way didactic, where the speaker transmits information to
the audience without expecting or allowing a response.
The audience is passive, and there is no opportunity for dialogue or interaction.
⏬
❌ Two-way ( Socratic ): It involves a dialogue between the speaker and the audience, where the speaker
presents information and the audience responds with questions or feedback.
❌ Non-verbal communication: It refers to the process of conveying information through facial expressions,
body language, tone of voice, and other non-linguistic cues.
❌ Verbal communication: It refers to the use of language to convey meaning. While the presentation did
involve verbal communication, it is too broad a term to accurately describe the scenario.
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02:24
#Social_BehavioralSciences_HealthCommunication_HealthPromotion
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🔸 In the given scenario, an older man who is overweight and has limited access to open spaces for walking or
exercising also faces financial constraints that prevent him from joining a gym. Considering his situation,
which construct of the Health Belief Model (HBM) is most relevant?
⬜️
 Perceived Susceptibility
⬜️
 Perceived Severity
⬜️
 Perceived Benefits
⬜️
 Perceived Barriers
⬜️
 Cues to Action
⬜️
 Self-efficacy
➖➖➖
🟩 Answer:
Perceived Barriers
➖➖➖
🟦 Explanation:
In this scenario, the older man faces several obstacles that prevent him from engaging in physical activity. These
obstacles are Perceived Barriers that make it difficult or impossible for him to take action to improve his health.
The Health Belief Model suggests that Perceived Barriers can be a significant deterrent عائق to health-
promoting behaviors, and in this case, they are a major obstacle to the man's ability to exercise regularly.
⏬
❌ Perceived Susceptibility: This construct refers to an individual's perception of their likelihood of
developing a health problem.
❌ Perceived Severity: This construct refers to an individual's perception of the seriousness of a health
problem.
❌ Perceived Benefits: This construct refers to an individual's perception of the benefits of taking a
particular health action.
❌ Cues to Action: This construct refers to the triggers or prompts that encourage an individual to take a
particular health action.
❌ Self-efficacy: This construct refers to an individual's confidence in their ability to take a particular
health action.
02:28
Examples for each of the Health Belief Model constructs:
⬜️
 Perceived Susceptibility:
* A 30-year-old woman who has a family history of breast cancer is more likely to get a mammogram because
she believes she is at high risk.
⬜️
 Perceived Severity:
* A person with diabetes who has already experienced complications, such as nerve damage, is more likely to
take their medication and follow a healthy diet because they understand the seriousness of their condition.
⬜️
 Perceived Benefits:
* A smoker who believes that quitting will improve their overall health and increase their energy levels is
more likely to try to quit.
⬜️
 Perceived Barriers:
* A person who lives in a rural area with limited access to healthcare services may be less likely to get regular
check-ups because of the difficulty in getting to a doctor's office.
⬜️
 Cues to Action:
* A person who receives a reminder postcard from their dentist to schedule a check-up is more likely to
make an appointment.
⬜️
 Self-efficacy:
* A person who has successfully lost weight in the past is more confident in their ability to make healthy
lifestyle changes and is more likely to try to lose weight again.
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02:33
#Social_BehavioralSciences_HealthCommunication_HealthPromotion
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🔸 Which health behavior model does the public health campaign primarily align with, where educational
materials emphasize the Perceived Severity and Perceived Susceptibility of smoking-related health issues,
highlight the risks of lung cancer and heart disease associated with smoking, and offer resources (Cues to
Action) for quitting among young adults?
⬜️
 Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)
⬜️
 Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA)
⬜️
 Health Belief Model (HBM)
⬜️
 Transtheoretical Model (TTM)
➖➖➖
🟩 Answer:
Health Belief Model (HBM)
?
02:54
🟪 تجميعات SPHLE 🟪
#Social_BehavioralSciences_HealthCommunication_HealthPromotion
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🔸 A woman has struggled with obesity since childhood. As she grew older, she made numerous attempts to lose
weight, trying various diets and exercise routines, but her weight remained largely unchanged. Frustrated by
her lack of progress, she eventually decided that she no longer needed to lose weight and accepted her body
as it is. According to the Transtheoretical Model of Change (TTM), what stage of change has the woman reached
when she decides to accept her body as it is and no longer feels the need to lose weight?
⬜️
 Pre-contemplation
⬜️
 Contemplation
⬜️
 Preparation
⬜️
 Action
⬜️
 Maintenance
⬜️
 Termination
➖➖➖
🟩 Answer:
Termination
ممكن يجي نفس السؤال لكن يسألك عن الـModel، الجواب
The Transtheoretical Model of Change (TTM)
➖➖➖
🟦 Explanation:
❌ Pre-contemplation: In this stage, the individual is not aware of the need to change or is not considering
changing.
👩 In the woman's case, she was already aware of her weight issues and had been trying to lose weight, so
she's past this stage.
❌ Contemplation: Here, the individual is aware of the need to change and is considering making a change.
👩 The woman was in this stage when she was trying various diets and exercise routines, indicat

Summary :