translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.  In the course of the research, each of the subjects was seen individually. The meetings were conducted in a quiet
location, where no other people were present. Each meeting lasted on average one hour and was recorded from
beginning to end. At the beginning of the meeting, each of the subjects was asked to tell two preliminary stories:
1. a story about his life (called ‘‘the life story’’);
2. a story about his activities on any 1 day of the preceding week (‘‘the story of a day’’).
These stories served the purpose of eliciting true stories from the subjects before they were made aware of the subject
of the study, for which they would be required to tell stories of deception. Actually, the preliminary stories also served
as icebreakers at the start of the meeting, to form a relationship between the interviewer and the subject.
Next, the subjects were told the story of the research that had been decided upon in advance so as not to give
away the study’s true intention and the information needed for the examination. As described above, the subjects were told that they were assisting in research dealing with the words of response of Israelis. They were asked
to tell two stories from their past, one of them true (‘‘the story from the past’’) and the other totally false(‘‘the fabricated story’’). They were told that research subjects would hear their stories and respond to them, and
would then have to identify which of the stories was the true one and which the false. The subjects did not know
that it was they whose language was being studied. Thus, their speech was more natural, they were motivated to
deceive other subjects, and they attempted to mislead their auditors with their true stories as well, that is, to
present them as if they were fabricated stories. After telling their stories, all of the subjects were asked to tell in
which of them they were lying.
At the close of the meetings, the subjects were told what the real purpose of the study was, with an explanation of
why the true purpose for obtaining the fabricated stories had not been revealed to them. The subjects were asked if they
would still agree to let us use the recording of their words for this study. All of the subjects gave their permission. The
recorded stories were transcribed in their entirety.
A comparison was made of the four stories told by each subject: the life story, the story of a day, the story from the
past, and the fabricated story. The first two stories serve as stories for control purposes, and are regarded as stories of
absolute truth. There are two stories of invention: the story from the past rests on facts that are true, but the teller wants
it to be heard as if it were a fabrication; and the fabricated story is based on false facts, but it is masquerading as a true
story. Each of the transcribed stories was examined separately. The examination was conducted according to the
criteria that had been established at the beginning of the research procedure, and according to their classification by the
various test topics. The examinations were conducted in the following order: morphology, syntax, semantics,
discourse, and prosody of the language of the story.
Each criterion was tallied and listed. For example, among other features examined in the area of morphology,
all the verbs appearing in the story were tallied, after which their distribution among first, second, and third
person in the past, present, and future tenses was examined. In addition to other criteria in the area of syntax, all
the independent, dependent, and coordinate clauses were counted, together with their average length and total
number.