3. Translation strategies / translation strategies
By translation strategy we mean the order and the essence of the actions
translator in the translation of a particular text. It looks at the ways and
The ways and means of translation of terms; types of translation transformations to which the translator
The translator resorts to when working on such texts.

read the following text and after analyzing it Continue pre-translation analysis of Karl Popper’s work Objective Knowledge

However, despite this theoretical framework, the translation of peculiar postmodern terms presents a significant challenge. To address this, we propose four different strategies for translating postmodern terminology:

1. Transliteration as a Specific Translation Technique (Direct Translation)

Transliteration is the process of representing a word or phrase from the source language using the closest possible characters in the target language. This approach is particularly useful for translating unique or culture-specific terms that may have no direct equivalent in the target language while maintaining the integrity of the term’s lexical roots. However, it must be used cautiously, as it may result in ambiguities or confusion for the target audience, requiring further contextual explanation or analysis.

2. Modulation as a Polysemous Approach (Oblique Translation)

Modulation involves adjusting the source text’s linguistic and stylistic features in the target language, aiming to achieve a more idiomatic or natural expression while preserving the intended meaning. This method is beneficial when translating postmodern philosophical texts, as it allows the translator to adapt the language to the intricacies of the target language and produce a more accessible and relevant translation. Modulation can be applied to various aspects, including lexical, syntactic, and semantic levels, resulting in a text that resonates with the target audience’s cultural and linguistic norms.

3. Translation Comment as a Way to Explain the Translation (Oblique Translation)

In cases where a direct or modulated translation is insufficient for conveying the intended meaning or nuance of a postmodern term or concept, the translator may opt to include a translation comment. This technique entails providing additional explanations or clarifications within the translated text to ensure that the target audience gains a comprehensive understanding of the original idea. Translation comments may be inserted as footnotes, marginal notes, or explanatory passages in the text, depending on the most suitable format for the specific material.

4. Neologism as a Translation Solution (Oblique Translation)

	One of the challenges in translating postmodern philosophical texts is the frequent use of neologisms or terms unique to the source language’s culture. In such cases, the translator may decide to coin a new term in the target language that accurately captures the semantic, cultural, and intellectual essence of the original term. The creation of neologisms necessitates a deep understanding of both the source and target languages, as well as the cultural, historical, and philosophical contexts involved. While this approach can provide a viable solution for conveying complex concepts, care must be taken to ensure that the new term will be comprehensible and relatable for the target audience