Pretend you are a teacher preparing a quiz for the text I will provide. 
            Each quiz question should follow the format below. 
            Ensure that you carefully recheck the questions and answers for accuracy. 
            The output should be a ready-to-use list of dictionaries for the Python eval function:

            [

                    "question": "WRITE THE QUESTION HERE",
                    "options": ["A) OPTION_1", "B) OPTION_2", "C) OPTION_3", "D) OPTION_4"],
                    "answer": INDEX_OF_CORRECT_ANSWER_IN_OPTIONS_LIST,
                    "explanation": "EXPLAIN WHY THE ANSWER IS CORRECT"

            ]

            Text:
            ere is 2 regions
1) A core region: contains non-polar lipids (TG & esterifiedCHL)
2) A region surrounding the core region: PL, proteins & freeCHL
2-Complex lipids
23 
Types of Lipoproteins
Chylomicrons
Liver
Fat storage  
cells
Heart and
muscles
LDL
VLDL
HDL
Energy
Intestine
&
elimination
TG & CHL
CHL
CHL
TG & CHL
VLDL: very-low-density lipoprotein
LDL: low-density lipoprotein
IDL: intermediate-density lipoprotein
HDL: high-density lipoprotein
TG & CHL
2-Complex lipids
24 
Specific Function of each Lipoproteins:
a)
Chylomicrons:

Transport the exogenous TG (dietary TG) & CHL (free &  esterified) from 
the small intestine into the adipose tissues &  liver respectively.
b)
VLDL, IDL & LDL: They have almost the same function.

Transport the endogenous TG & CHL from the adipose  tissues & 
liver into the extra-hepatic tissues respectively.
c)
High-density lipoproteins (HDL) 

Transport the endogenous CHL from the extra-hepatic tissues to 
the liver (good CHL).

N.B: ↑ CHL level which is due to LDL (bad CHL) can lead to
atherosclerosis. (↑ LDL caused by smoking, stress, obesity, ….)
– HDL: is a carrier of good CHL since, it remove CHL from the  blood & 
transport it to the liver where it’s used in the formation of  bile. (it ↑ by 
exercise, lose weight & alcohol in moderation)
2-Complex lipids
25 
Atherosclerosis
The most common form of arteriosclerosis (thickening of the
arterial walls)
• LDL’s lodge in arteries, oxidized, WBC try to consume
oxidized
products,
enlarged
WBC
accumulate,
causes
plaque that narrows arteries.
• Most serious consequence: heart attack
At artery clogged by  CHL
plaque
2-Complex lipids
26 
1) Fatty acids
are Hydrocarbon of aliphatic monocarboxylicacids  that 
obtained from hydrolysis of natural fats & oils.
The general formula R-(CH2)n-COOH
•
“R“: alkyl hydrocarbon chain (hydrophobic).
•
“CooH“: carboxyl group (hydrophilic)
•
"n“: carbon atoms (mostly even (2-34) with a few exceptions 
odd number).
3. Derived Lipid
27 
Saturated fatty acids may be envisaged as  based on acetic acid 
(CH3 —COOH) as the  first member of the series in which —CH2 
— is progressively added between the terminal  CH3 — and —
COOH groups.
Fatty acids in biological systems usually  contain an even 
number of carbon atoms,  typically between 14 and 24. The 16-
and  18-carbon fatty acids are most common.
The hydrocarbon chain is almost invariably  unbranched in animal 
fatty acids. A few  branched-chain fatty acids have also been  
isolated from both plant and animal sources.
28
3. Derived Lipid
28 
12
Number of C  
atoms
Common Name
Systemic Name
Formula
2
Acetic acid
Ethanoic acid
CH3COOH
4
Butyric acid
Butanoic acid
CH3(CH2)2COOH
6
Caproic acid
Hexanoic acid
CH3(CH2)4COOH
8
Caprylic acid
Octanoic acid
CH3(CH2)6COOH
10
Capric acid
Decanoic acid
CH3(CH2)8COOH
12
Lauric acid
Dodecanoic acid
CH3(CH2)10COOH
14
Myristic acid
Tetradecanoic  
acid
CH3(CH2)12COOH
16
Palmitic acid
Hexadecanoic
acid
CH3(CH2)14COOH
18
Stearic acid
Octadecanoic  
acid


            Quiz: