다음 영어를 한글로 번역해주세요.
So just for a few seconds, so we will wait for everyone to join and then we will start. Good afternoon, everyone. There are just, I think, around four or three did not join yet. Okay, so I think we should start. Yeah, good afternoon, everyone. Again, one more time. So today we are having a new topic, oral presentation. So as usual, we are trying in this course to let you focus on some of the skills that are important for your final thesis and final defense. And since the beginning of the semester, we started talking about some technical writing issues and we will continue talking about that. But for now, we would like to focus on another skill, which is the oral presentation or how you can do presentation. As you know, the time is passing, so we are now in the fifth lecture and we will have the midterm of this course after, I mean, next week by Wednesday or next week. So we will be on the mid time of the course. And before we start, so today we will talk about oral presentation. But I would like to ask you for the second task that you are going to do in this course. We will ask you more things. But for now, we would like to have next Wednesday oral presentation for students. So we would like you to. So today we will show you how you can do nice presentation and then we will ask you on next Wednesday to do a presentation by yourself. So to do that, as you know, we have here around 20 to 21 students are in this. And this course, so we would like you to be in a team if it's possible. I don't know if you like to be in team or not. We will make a voting for that. But we can do a team of two students and maximum two students. And then you can pick some topic you like or topic that you are interested in and or discuss some topic together. And then you will do a presentation for that. And the presentation will be short presentation, around 10 minutes presentation. So this presentation will let you practice how you can do your final presentation. So it's really good for you during your study of master's degree to practice how you can do presentation, because in a graduate study, not only this course. Maybe you already experienced some courses that they will ask you for a presentation. And even in the future, you will see some courses will ask you for presentation. This is one of the important skills that you have to do or master during your master degree. Why? Because you will be you are studying advanced and advanced studies and maybe later you will present your work or you will present your technique or you represent your work to. Some other people. OK, so you have to master nice presentation and know how to prepare a presentation. So we will have our first presentation in this course. Probably you will do two presentation in this course. You will do two, one now and one at the end of the semester. OK, at the end of the course. So you need to take it easy. Just do your best. Just we would like to see how you present, how you are going to prepare for some. We could show the presentation to be just around 10, maximum 15 minutes. It's up to you with your team and you would be around 10 slides or maybe. Yeah, 10 to 15 slides. And you just present these slides in any topic you like and topic you agree on. So to do so, I would like you to since you know that this course is online. Maybe some of you know each other because you meet physically on other courses offline. But I would like you now, maybe before I start talking about this presentation or today, a topic about how to make a nice presentation. We would like you to give you like around five minutes to discuss to each other. You can write to each other in the chat asking about who will be joining me in my team. I'm interested in this topic. Who is one to join? Maybe you can exchange and you can write in Korean or in English in the chat. You can write in Korean. So announce to each other. I would like to know how to interact with each other. So interact and talk and then I will just be silent for around five to 10 minutes. It depends on how you are going in this one. If you can master to make a team in a short time, then I will just finish within five minutes. If you need more time, then I will give you 10 minutes. And then after that, I will do the present. I will do the lecture of today. OK, so I wanted to at the beginning of the lecture, it's better than at the end of the lecture. Maybe at the end of the lecture, you'll feel a little bit drowsy, tired. And so I want you now, since you have already have power and you are already charged after lunchtime. So it's fair to do it now. So please open the chat and just start saying, OK, I am interested in this topic. I can prepare this kind of presentation. Someone is, oh, I like your presentation. I'm interested in this one. Who would like to join me? And you can form exchange. And if you find someone interesting, you can talk to him in the chat and you can talk to each other. And once you know each other, I mean, good. So you can do private chat even in here in the in the Zoom. You can do private chat. You can pick if you open the chat. I don't know if you can see my chat, but there is to everyone. This is to everyone. I mean, you announced everyone. But if you would like to pick someone, you can pick someone. Can you do that? Can anyone confirm I can pick someone and talk to him? Yeah, please let me know. Can you talk to someone specifically? In the chat, like you see his name and then you pick his name from the chat and see, OK, that's great. Amazing. So I want you to start agree on the team here. Only agree on the team. I will work with you. So we will prepare a presentation together. And by the way, it does not mean if you pick a team, you prepare the presentation together. But if both of you want to present, I mean, on next Wednesday, you can. If one of you want to present, that's OK. And both of you will get the same grade for the presentation. So one present or the two present. Someone, for example, present half of the presentation. Another person present half of the presentation. That's OK. If you or just one present now and maybe one present at the last presentation, because there will be two presentations in this course. Two. So maybe one would pick now and one pick the last presentation or you do half half now. And then in the last presentation, do half half. But I want you to practice. So imagine this one is not like assignment. Imagine this one as a practice. How you can make a presentation. OK, how to do technical presentation. Actually, we are focusing on not deep technical because it will be only 10 minutes. But you need to make it technical. OK, somehow. I mean, very simple, technical. OK, so you can, for example, pick a topic on deep learning, pick a topic on, for example, machine learning. Pick a big topic on, for example, transformer for computer vision. Pick any topic and just announce. And you can speak in Korean here, by the way, like because this one is not. It's just about agree on the team, who will be in your team and what you are going to present. And then later you can even exchange here in private messages, exchange your phone, your account. So you can talk to each other. OK, and make a presentation. So I know I think you know well how to do the team. You can just use the first five minutes now that I will give you to make the initial agreement. And then later you can talk to each other in Kakao or in WhatsApp on any kind of communications channel. OK, so. Yeah, so let's let's say that. I will be silent and then I will open one poll. If you are finished, you click in the poll. I finish. OK, finish with the team. So from now I would be silent and just make a poll for if you finish the agreement on the team. Then you just say I finish. OK, I will see how many finish and how many still not finish. OK. Yes, thank you, guys. So start now. You can talk to everyone or you can talk to a specific one in the channel. So there is a question here about can I give one more question? I think I can. I think I can. I think I can. I think I can. I think I can. So there is a question here about can I give my presentation in Korean? The answer is no. I'm sorry about that. But you have to present in English because we would like to practice also presenting in English. So this is about technical writing in English. So and technical and in I.T. presentation in English. So you have to do it in English. OK, so try. That's OK. I will not judge you, by the way, about your if you do mistakes during the presentation. I would like you to practice. Really. I really want you to practice. OK. So this is the main purpose of the presentation. Yes, you are welcome. Yes. How many member in the team to it will be two. That's good, because if it's more than two, it would be so miss. It will be hard for you to manage. So I had experience before of making the team more than two. And it was not convenient for the students. So two is enough. Yeah. So you just find someone else. I hope I can answer your question. So just to two is enough. Yes, you're welcome. So there is a question here. Can I present by myself not to make a team? That's OK. If you want, but we prefer team because maybe if you make a team, it will help you for the final presentation. Maybe you can prepare one now and he can prepare one in the final presentation. I just want to make it easier. But if you want to do it now, one and then in the end, you prepare another one. It's up to you. Yeah, it's up to you. Totally fine. If you don't want to present to the team, that's OK, but it will be tough for you. So I would recommend you to make a team so you can prepare one now and someone and other team mates will prepare one at the end, for example. But both of you will check the presentation because both of you will think about making this presentation good. So if you make a presentation now and then let your team mate to check it and then give you comments and make it nice. And then in the end, you prepare another presentation or your team mate make another presentation and you check for him. So everyone check for each other. So this will make the presentation really good. So I really recommend you to do that. How long should be the one presentation talk? From 10 to 15 minutes. 10 to 15 minutes. The presentation. Yes. Do we have to deal with a technical topic? Because you are I think most of you are engineers or you are like kind of in an engineer field. So we we prefer if you can pick some. But you will not make the because the 10 or 15 minutes is a very short time for making deep technical. So you will just pick it. Shall we take just shallow technical will be OK, not deep technical. So I hope I answered your question. Yes. So I will open one just to tell you to know when you are finished, just to get feedback that you are finished so I can start the presentation today. If you are not finished, don't answer. Just wait. So please go guys to the chat because some of your friends try to make a team so you can, for example, make a team. One will present one topic now and another one will present the second topic in the final. Once you finish, please answer the poll with yes. Once you finish, I will monitor the poll. Thank you. I see around half already finish making team. Another half. If you did not then please announce in the chat. Say something. Say in the chat. Oh, I have this topic in mind. I'm going to present this one and someone will choose another topic and present it and let's do team together. So talk, please. Talk in Korean or in English. It's up to you. So we are just dedicating some time now to make the team. Then later we will not do this one again because you already form a team. So in the final presentation, team will do together. Maybe also we'll have some activities later that maybe team can do it together if they want. So it's really good to have a team. So I really highly recommend you to do team. Thank you. Again, one more time. Maybe one of the team member can make presentation in one topic now and the other team member will do the second presentation in his topic. So two member, one present his topic in the mid time and one will present his topic in the final. So just make a form of team so you will not if you stay alone, you will make two presentation. But if you will be in team, you will do just one presentation. You can do the mid presentation and your partner will do the final presentation or your teammate. Okay. If you finish making team, please change the bowl. I want to know how many finish. So far, only 50 percent of the people finish. Maybe I need to end the poll and ask again. Please, if you finish your team for me, say yes. Else you will do the presentation by yourself for the mid and final. Oh, that's great. Okay. So I think most of you guys already finish. Oh, that's nice. Okay, that's great. So I think most of you. Yeah, almost all of you. So how about the others? Just please answer yes or no. Did you finish? Okay, so I think we are okay now. Most of you guys already finished the form of the team. I'm really happy that you did it. So this is really great. So, okay, then now you need to talk to each other, maybe in a private and say that, okay, you can talk to me in Kaka. We can agree on this one after the class. Okay, so you will have until next Wednesday, you have one week to prepare 10 slide to 15 slide presentation. Okay, 10 slide to 15. And any topic you like. Okay. And taking any technical topic you like. It's okay. Okay, guys, I think that's it for forming teams for the mid presentation or the first presentation. So today, I would like to start with you. So let's start. So let's start. Okay, so as you know, our presentation is one of the important skills that you need for especially for your final defense, you will at the end of the master degree, you will go for a defense. And in this defense, you will do presentation around from 15 to 25 minutes, you will do presentation at the front of four, three professors, two to three professors. And also maybe your, your maybe lab mates will attend your presentation and maybe some students can or you invited people you invite them to attend your presentation. So you will do the presentation at the front of several people. And it will be very technical because within this 25 from 20 to 25 minutes, you will do very technical presentation and you will just present about your master degree thesis. Okay, so it's very important for us to let you be ready for this presentation. And maybe we will present in Korean or you represent in English. So the skills that I will show you today are general those skills for making presentation are general skills that are important for you. Regardless if you are doing in Korean or you are present in English, I mean, those are general skills. Okay. So we will have these outlines of the presentation today, we will know you need for any oral presentation, especially if it's technical presentation, you need to know who are your audience, you need to know who is listening to you. This is very, very important. And maybe you notice at the beginning of the course, I asked you many questions to know who you are, like, I just asked you, what is your major, what I what was your undergrad, I just wanted to know who you are. So it's really important for me when I present something for someone to know who you are. And then I also, you will learn in the class today how to make organization and make focus, and then how to make a nice style presentation. Nice style, I didn't mean make a beautiful images or a beautiful presentation. No, I'm saying how to make it the presentation appealing for the audience, the audience will just like to see your presentation. Okay. It's not about design, it's about the contents, the style, or the contents of your presentation, how you can manage the contents of your presentation. Then also, it's also important to know how to manage time. And we will show you some tricks or some tips to how you can manage time, and how to make the presentation also more fun, and more interactive or do with your with your audience. Okay, audience means the people who are listening to you. Okay, so let's see. So first step for any good presentation is to identify who are your audience. So, for example, if you are your audience are students for the undergrad students, then in this case, and those students are interested to get some grading, then your content is more important. And if your presentation is for some people who are students or just people who are listening to you in a conference or in a workshop or in some place where you give talk, those people are different. Okay. Or people who are in your company, for example, people or teammates or your team, your team who are listening to your presentation or your, for example, shareholder of the company or the owners of the company or listening to you. So it's very important to know who are your audience. Why? Because if the audience are different, so for example, students are interested in learning new things. Okay, so then in this case, you will give more knowledge and maybe you'll go in more deep details. Okay. But for example, in case of conference and workshop, all your audience are interested on what is the new in your algorithm? What did you modify? This is what they are interested in. They don't care about, they don't care about background. For example, what's the meaning of deep learning? What's the meaning of CNN? What's the meaning of convolution neural network? What's the meaning of transformer? They don't care about this stuff. Or what's the meaning of transistor or capacitor? They don't care. So you need to prepare your presentation only to focus on what did you modify? For example, in a company, people are interested in, for example, if the company owners, the company owners, they don't care about engineering things. They don't care about how the algorithm is working. They care about how this algorithm will make money. How this algorithm will make money for my company. Okay. So everyone is interested in different things. So if you prepare the presentation in a forum, for different interests of the audience, they will not enjoy that. The people who are listening to you, they will not enjoy the presentation. Okay, so it's very important. So for example, investors who, if you are making presentation for people who would like to invest money in the company, or they would like to buy some share from your company, then they care about what money can this, can they make? This work will bring for us. Professor want to be sure that you understand. So your presentation must be showing the professor that if you are present to the professor that you show the professor that you are, you understand the concept that you are presenting. Okay. So, for example, people or general people, they are interested to make it more about general knowledge. So it's really important to know who are your audience. Okay. So for example, in next week presentation, most of your audience are engineers, okay, or computer science, electronic, electric, so they are engineers, then that means somehow this is why I'm asking you to make it just like superficial, technical, but it will be talking about some IT topic, or it will take up talk about electric or electronic topic or something like this one. So this will, and it will not be very deep. Why not very deep? Anyone can ask me why next week presentation should not be very deep. So there are several reasons. Can you please answer why the presentation I asked you last next week, it should not, it should be technical, but not very deep. Why? There are several reasons, not one reason, several reasons, but I just want to listen to you. What's the reason the next week you presented should not be deep technical? Can you answer? Okay. So let's see some answers. Yes, excellent. Excellent. Good job. So it's, yeah, this is excellent. It's the people on your audience in the class are different backgrounds. Some of them are from computer science, some of them from the electronics, some of them, so if you make it very deep, maybe they will not follow you. They cannot follow you well. Okay, so you should not make it technically. Another reason, any other reasons you can think about? Any other reason you think that it should not be very technical? So how about time? Time is okay. So 10 minutes to 15 minutes. It's a short time, right? It's a short time. So it's very hard for you to go in deep technicals in a very short time. So usually if you'd like to get deep, then in this case, you need at least maybe around 20 minutes or more. Okay, so sometimes the time also limits you from going deep. Okay. And also, maybe you can see that if you go deep with audience who are not, because you are not proposing anything, you are just giving a general, general topic. Yes, exactly. Deep topics, thank you. So deep topics also make you lose interest because you are, maybe you are not well prepared, the audience are not well prepared to listen to deep topic, maybe because they are coming from different backgrounds. Okay. Yes. Thank you. Thank you guys. So this is a clear about know your audience. This is a very important point to make good presentation. Know your audience. Are they interested in money? Are they interested in knowledge? Are they interested in a new algorithm? Are they interested in some creativity? Are they interested, what they are interested in? So you should know who are your audience. Okay, so let's move on to the next. So, for knowing your audience, you might ask, how I can do that, how I can know my audience, then you have to search like, for example. So you need to ask yourself, what does the audience want to hear? So for example, if you go to conference to present your paper, or you go to workshop to present your paper, then in this case, the people are interested to know only the things that you added in you. So what is your contribution? They are really interested in know, what are the new things do you add in knowledge? Okay. If you are, if your audience, if you search your audience, and your audience are new investors in the company, then in this case, you need to show them that this work or this technique that you invented, or the things that you are presenting will bring more money to the company, for example. For example, people are audience who are listening to Capstan design course or Capstan design a project, or people who are listening to you, you are a team leader, and you are going to present about some project in your company, and how you are implementing this project, then the people who audience who are listening to you want to know how your project is going and how you accomplish the task of your project. Okay, so every audience have different interests. So you need to search about what are the interests. And this is why I searched at the beginning of the semester, as I told you, I asked you many questions to know who you are. Okay, so this is very important. Okay, so I will just want to play one video, maybe later, you can also click on the link and play this video again. So let's listen to this video together. And then after that, then we will continue. Maybe I think I think we can continue after that. This is a very short video to show you. Okay, so let me just open the video. It's a short video. How to create, by the way, if you cannot follow well, then that's okay, because this, this video will you can listen to it again, before you prepare your presentation. So let's listen together. Okay, yes. How to make a great presentation, seven things that you need to know to make a nice presentation. So I will be silent and make this video play. Okay, so let's listen to this video. Oh, I see. You can't hear the. Okay, maybe there's something that okay, we can't hear. Sorry about that. So let me check. Maybe I have something in the city. Maybe. Okay. I don't know if. Can you hear something now? No, not yet. Okay. I didn't have this problem before, but I think maybe zoom have changed the city. Okay. So, okay. I have, I have idea. I have idea. Let me just give you this one in the chat. This, this one in the chat and let you listen to it. I will give you like five minutes only to listen to it or seven minutes to listen to this one. And then we will back. Okay. After this one. Yes. Everyone please call them this one. And then I will give you like, say practitioners today. I'm going to be teaching you with the help of my friend, Dana blue, the top seven tips for a great presentation. Dana blue and as an entrepreneur currently living in Bangkok, Thailand, where he is a co-founder and CEO of a company called Mango labs. Anyways, here's some of his tips. We all have to give presentations at different points in our life that might be for school or work or an organization that you are involved with. No matter where we give the presentation or to who we want to make sure that it has the impact on the audience and that it's memorable. These are seven tips that are going to ensure that you nail the presentation and leave a lasting impression on your audience. Number one, know your audience. The first step in preparing for any presentation should be to get a better idea of who your audience is. Knowing your audience will allow you to understand the type of content they are going to be expecting with regards to depth and technical detail. You wouldn't want to give the same presentation to a group of high school students who are interested in entrepreneurship that you would to a room full of startup founders and CEOs because their expectations and level of understanding will be on completely different levels. Dig up as much as you can about who your audience is, what industries they work in, and what positions they generally hold. This allows you to really tailor the content and delivery of the presentation in a way that will really make it stand out and be memorable. Too many times people give killer presentations at one venue to a group made up of their core audience and then bomb on the same presentation to a different group because they didn't make the changes they needed to better address the new audience. Just because you kill it in one audience doesn't mean the same exact content will replicate the reaction with all audiences. Number two, use structures to build on ideas. If you stand up and give a presentation and all the points you want to make are just tossed around randomly and they don't make any sense, not too many people are going to enjoy your presentation and if they remember it, it's likely that it's not for the reasons that you want them to. However, if you structure your presentation in a way that each idea, each section builds on the one before it, you help your audience connect with the content and create logical links between the concepts. This is a great way to make more complex ideas easier for the audience to understand and remember. Number three, use visuals. Another great tool to cement those ideas in the mind of your audience is to use visuals like charts, graphs, and infographics to illustrate and communicate a concept. As many as 65% of people are considered to be visual learners, so if you don't take this approach in your presentation, you are going to ignore the vast majority of the population. Using an image regardless of if it's a picture, graph, or chart can be a much more potent conveyor of information and has a much more powerful impact on the audience. A single image can convey so much information, just like the old saying that a picture is worth a thousand words. It really is. Think of the impact this can have when explaining data or results in a presentation. If you had to stand there in front of your audience and go through every data point verbally, it can get bad quickly. And this is much more common of an occurrence than you might think, but if you're able to visualize that data for your audience with a graph or chart, you instantly make it much more understandable and memorable. Showing someone 200% growth with a graph is much more exciting than explaining it while they're looking at the raw data. For example, if I took away the screen of this video and all you saw was black, it wouldn't be near as exciting. 4. Repetition is your friend Having a bit of structure in your presentation goes a long way in keeping the audience engaged because they can follow the information from step to step. But even more than just structuring the flow of the presentation, you also want to build in repetition. This encourages people to remember the key points of the presentation and helps it stick, which again makes it, and you, more memorable. A classic way to go about repetition is something Dana learned early on when he started his public speaking career. Another speaker at a big regional tech event came up to him after a talk and complimented Dana on his delivery and the depth of the material, but asked why he didn't use more repetition. Dana was a bit stumped because he never really thought about that before. The other speaker suggested that Dana start telling the audience what it is he wanted to tell them just to give them a brief rundown of the key points. After that, move right into the body of the presentation and tell them exactly what was highlighted at the beginning, but obviously with more detail and extra elements that you add in to make the presentation stick. Then end the presentation by telling them what you just told them, reminding them of the key points and a brief summary for final repetition. Using this technique helps to reinforce the main points of the presentation at least three times, at the beginning, middle, and end. The key is to find a way to do this that it feels natural and not overly scholastic, and that takes practice, which we'll talk about later on. Tip number five, have a story to tell. The difference between an average presentation that people zone out of and a great presentation that keeps them engaged is how you convey the information to the audience. A great way to convey the information or key points of your presentation is to use a story. By using a story, preferably an interesting one, you get your point across and you're creating a moment in the presentation that is memorable and easier for the audience to recall later. It's also hopefully going to be something that catches their attention, pulling them into what you were saying. One of the keys here, though, is that it has to be a story you can tell with commitment, and it has to be true. Always be honest with your audience, because if you're not, they will know and you will have lost all credibility. Tip number six, be relatable. Being relatable is actually one of the most important factors of your delivery. You want to be someone that your audience can relate to, that they would feel comfortable with talking to. Even when giving a talk as an expert on a topic, you want the audience to feel the relation. It helps them mentally engage with your content and remember you and your talk. Most people don't feel comfortable going up and talking to a stern authority figure, and no one wants to listen to someone with no confidence. So there's a fine balance you need to strike, and here's how. The most important thing you can do to come across as more relatable is to be authentic. Be yourself. Another great way to accomplish this is to work on coming across as relaxed, which can be difficult if you're not used to presenting, but this goes a long way to helping people see you as relatable. The final way you can be more relatable is to be enthusiastic about your presentation. Your enthusiasm will transfer to your audience, and now that you have enthusiasm in common, you will begin to see as more relatable. If you can get all three of these techniques mastered, you will be well on your way to making it to your audience relate to you. Tip number seven, build your confidence with practice. This might be the last tip, but it is by far the most important one out of these seven. Confidence in what you do is by far the most important element of your presentation. Having confidence adds an authority to everything you say during your presentation, but you're not going to develop the confidence you need if you don't practice, and practice a lot. Whenever Dana gives a talk or presentation, he practices. He says for hours. Dana wants to make sure he has the timing down, that he knows every slide so he doesn't have to read off them. He knows what the next slide is so he can smoothly transition between them so that he will sound natural and authentic, and can explain the concepts and tell the stories with confidence. And this all comes with practice. When you are practicing a presentation, it's not enough to sit in front of your computer and go through it. You have to practice it in front of other people. Invite some friends over and have them give some feedback on your presentation and make improvements based on their feedback. No one gets it right the first time, but practice will get you towards perfect. With these seven tips, you should be able to put together and deliver a masterful presentation that will wow your audience and make sure that they remember you and your topic. If you guys like this collaboration, be sure to check out Dana's YouTube channel and subscribe. He has tons of videos on entrepreneurship and self development. I hope you guys liked this video and learned something, and if you did, click the like button, or if you haven't already, the subscribe button. Thanks so much guys. Thank you. Okay, guys, so I think I believe maybe you already finished. So should I start? Yes. Okay, I will. If you did not finish, then you just pause the video. But really those seven tips to make a nice presentation are and we will try to emphasize on those five skills or seven skills or seven tips during our presentation today. And more even more to let you may have a nice presentation if you consider them, you will have really enjoyable and nice presentation for your audience. But before I go to that start doing talking about the tips to make a nice presentation, which will be first focus is the first thing that we need to talk about. I think it's fair to give you give you break. Time is flying. Actually, I really didn't feel it's one hour go now finish. So let me give you a 10 minutes break to like have a have rest little bit. And then let's back at 3pm. Okay, so we will have 10 minutes break. And then if you did not finish the video, you can finish it or if you would like to take some rest, you can take some rest. And we will back at 3pm to continue the presentation. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Okay, guys, so I think we should back again to, to the how we can make a nice presentation for our audience. So the first thing that you need to focus on is how to make presentation more focus, more focus mean you will not have, you should not distract the audience. So let me see, let's see the picture here. This one. So if you see this slide, actually, I let me point out, annotate and just show you. Let's look to this area to this slide here like this one is this one is a good present is a good presentation slide to help the audience to focus on your presentation. The answer is no, because look here, it has two figures, it has three figures, there is one down and two here. And also there is a huge amount of text. Okay, this one really will make the present the audience struggle with your presentation, adding a lot of text and adding a lot of figures in one slide, make your audience not enjoy your presentation. Because people are, you know, by default, by default, people are reading your slides when they are watching your slides. But when they see huge amount of contents in one slide, then in this case, they will not enjoy your presentation. And they cannot even listen to you because they are reading and also listening. So it will be very hard for them. There is a huge amount of text to read, a huge amount of contents to read in the slides and a huge amount, and also you are talking. So in this case, it will really be very distracting for the audience, and they will lose the focus. They will lose the focus in your presentation. So what is the goal? Avoid lengthy equations in your, so you try to avoid even if the paper is very, very, very technical. So I had experience even going to top conferences in my field, like in the US, in Europe, in many places, in Korea. And I saw great presentations. And all the time, the presenters, even it's very, very technical, they are trying to avoid long equations, long math equations. Why? Because they want the audience to focus with them. They don't want the audience to just start try analyze equations or try to analyze a huge amount of contents in the slide. So they try to avoid lengthy equations. So this is not possible if you are teaching course. If you are teaching, make a presentation for a course, it's not possible because you need to teach the students. But if you are making a presentation for audience who are listening to in a conference or in the workshop or in a defense, then in this case, you should not add lengthy equations. Okay. And all the time, try to use picture, picture or photo. But you don't put a lot of photos like this one. You see here, three figures. This is really bad. So add like one or two maximum two photos in one slide. And these photos, why? Because maybe already watch that YouTube video before the break. They said if pictures are worth thousands of words and also pictures, many, many of the human people are visual learning. They are learning from pictures. They are learning from visual things like figures or graphs or anything that is nice presented as a visual image. So try to add some visual images. This will let your audience enjoy your presentation. Okay. Okay, so this is one of the things that you need to consider. First is focus and don't add a lot of contents in one slide. This is number one. Okay. Don't add all contents in one slide and try to avoid hard things to understand in the slides because you have a short time and try to put visual things. Okay. Second thing to help people focus. If you have, for example, you know, we are an engineer as engineers, sometimes we have some chart. Same like this one. So if you see here, this is, for example, containers for how Docker is interacting with the client application. And if you see here, it's a little bit, it's just one picture, just one picture. You can put this one in the slide. But to help people focus, maybe you are not interested for the entire Docker host. So you're only interested, you are not interested for the whole architecture here. You're only interested in this part because you are working in this part in your project. So in this case, you will put the final picture like this, and then you will make like circle like this, and we'll put for the user this kind of thing. I saw this one in many presentation. They put complicated picture, and then they make a circle and they'll focus. So they will take the user or the people who are the audience. Oh, we are not interested for everything. Don't just focus on everything here and distracted. No, just focus on this part of the architecture, and we would like to talk in our presentation about this one. So this will help the people who are watching your presentation to focus and in this case, enjoy your presentation. Okay? The most important thing is that make people enjoy your presentation. Okay? So if it's technical things and it's unavoidable, try to make some visual focus and make people focus on a specific part of your architecture or of the complicated figure. Okay? So this is the second thing I will recommend you to do. Okay? And please use these steps in your presentation next week. Okay? So don't add a lot of content in one slide. If you have a big complicated picture, then make a focus and tell us what exactly we need to check in the picture. Okay? Yes. Okay, now let's go to that. More things. So usually, audience are easy to lose. Where are you exactly in the presentation? If you notice me, I just showed you here this part, and then now I put the outlines again one more time, but now I make a green color on this one. Okay? That means I already finished this part of the presentation, and now I am in this part of the presentation. So all the time when you do the presentation, try to put the outlines between each topic. So each topic, when you move from one topic to next topic, put the outline and say, this is done, and now we are going to the next stage. Okay? So now we know the people who are listening to your presentation will know that you already finished this part, and where are you exactly in your presentation? Where are you now? We are now in this part. Still, there are three parts more. Okay? So this will help the audience to understand how the flow of the presentation. So all the time, put the outlines to make people follow and know where are you in your story. I am talking here, I am saying story. Story because your presentation must be story. Okay? You should not jump from one topic to another topic without any connection. Make a story. Okay? So when you put the outlines, you are making very smooth story. Okay? So this is really important for you. Okay? Okay. Now, please, in the middle of my presentation, if you have any question or anything you want to ask me, just write in the chat or open the mic and speak. Okay? Okay. Next thing, you have to have a good structure for your presentation to make a story, very beautiful story, because people do not like stories. All people like a story. Everyone likes a story. Okay? So start from the introduction, then go to the outline, and then give a little bit background information about your talk, and then go and speak about the specific topic that you are interested in or the core. This is the most important part in your presentation. And then after that, go to some few discussion or comments about your talk, and then just say for the audience, that's it. This is the conclusion. If you follow this way in your making your presentation, you all the time will win. All the time you will be the winner, and everyone will enjoy your presentation. So story telling presentation make people enjoy. Okay? So and most of the presentation, regardless if this presentation is short or long, if you follow this structure, mainly you follow this structure, then in this case you will have a beautiful presentation. So even if next week you can do this way, like you can put a little overview or sometimes we will put the outlines before the introduction. Sometimes. Okay? And then some background and some motivation to tell people, oh, there are some issue, there are some problem, and then we need to, this problem is really important. And then after that, start talking about the core of your presentation. Okay? The most important part of your presentation. The new idea, the most important topic that you will need to teach people about or whatever. Okay? And then after that, you just give some comments and then do the conclusion. So this one could be one hour talk or could be 10 minutes talk. Same flow. Same flow. Okay? But in the one hour flow, the background will be many slides, many slides. Okay? The proposed idea maybe will be many slides. Okay? Maybe you add here more extra section like result or you add extra thing here. But in short talk, you will have short amount of slides. Okay? You will not make many details. So this is the difference between short talk and long talk. But storytelling like this will be very important. So introduction, usually what is in the introduction? You will give motivation and why this topic is interesting. Okay? In the background, you will give you some information about things that are important to understand the main technical details in the next section. Okay? Of the paper, of the presentation. Okay? And now in the proposed idea, you will give your important things. Okay? The new idea, the things that you want to teach people about or the audience about. Okay? So and then the discussion and conclusion are just to finish the story. Is it okay? Any question here about how is the structure of the presentation? So you have, this one is the basic structure, the basic structure in the presentation. Okay. So let's move on because I don't want to take long time. This is clear. Now for the PowerPoint rules, keep the presentation simple. Really keep the presentation simple. Don't add a lot of contents in one slide. The most loser presenters are the presenters who have a huge amount of contents in one slide. Do not put a lot of contents in one slide. You see here the slide here? So keep the slide simple. Don't add a lot of, cut the clutter. Same like I told you last time, last three. Cut the clutter means just remove unnecessary things. Okay? Remove unnecessary things. So check your present. And this is why I told you guys to make a team. Make a team mean you will show your presentation to your teammate. And when you show the presentation to your teammate, he will give you some context. Why this is important? Oh, remove this one. Oh, this is not clear. Add something here. Remove this one. So it will make it more concise and more focused. Okay? And also, in your presentation, do not use many fonts. Do not use many fonts. Only one or two fonts. So for example, look here to my slides. I have one font for the contents and I have one font for the title. That's it. Okay? Two fonts. Do not use many fonts. So I have Ariel here and I have maybe this one, Time Romans. Okay? There are two fonts only. Do not use many fonts. If you are using many fonts, it will distract the people. Okay? And also, usually no more one or two figures or chart in one slide. Do not add more than two figures. No more than two figures or two chart in one slide. More, it will be bad. So you say, okay, I have many figures. Then in this case, make many slides. Do not make one slide. Do not put them in one slide. For example, if you have five figures, maybe you need like three or four slides. Okay? To put these five figures. So do not put all figures in one slide. Okay. Now, here is something very popular in the people who are making presentation. They said 666 rule. So what is this one? Six words bear one bullet. So one bullet here, six words. So one, two, three, or one, two, three, one, two, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven. This is a little bit more. Okay. Seven words or six words in one point. Okay. Or one bullet. Okay. Six bullet per one page. So you have six items in one. So it is one, two, three, four, five, six. Six points. Six words slide in one row. So six words in one row. Maximum. Why they are saying this kind of thing? Because they want to tell you, make your slide simple. Make your slide simple. Okay. So this is that important thing I want to say here. Okay. Another thing to make your presentation nice, try to avoid these things. So do not add slide transition. So you see this one like this, this one. They said, they said, try to avoid this one or make simple transition. Simple, just simple. Okay. But do not make something, you know, there are some transition where there is the text is flying and you know about this one in the PPT, in PowerPoint. You can make very big effect for moving from one slide to another slide. Do not make sound effect. We will don't like sound effect. Okay. Do not add sound effect in your slides. Do not add a lot of text in one slide. Do not. So use, try to avoid the clip art, you know, clip art, like some characters jumping and this kind of thing. So clip art, try to avoid clip. Where are the clip arts in this one? Just let me show you because maybe I want to be sure that you understand what I'm saying here. So here is it. For example, this one. Where is that? It's not here. It was. Okay, let me just maybe I think we need, I need to just show you what are the clip art. Clip art is just a symbol. Something. Yeah, this kind of thing. Okay, so try to avoid this one. Some people use them a lot, but it's not recommended, really not recommended. If you want to have technically beautiful and official presentation, try to avoid this one. Okay. Except if you would like to make some joke or you'd like to make some, I will tell you later in the presentation, many of the presenters are trying to use some symbol jokes. Okay. Or some symbol things to make people refresh during the presentation. So this is okay. You can do this one in a specific slide, but don't use it a lot in your presentation. Yes. Do not use, try to avoid complex presentation templates. Do not use complex presenters. By the way, all of these things, if you would like to know details, you can click on this reference here. This is a very popular reference. You click here, you can read about this one. They are bad. Okay. Text and image are too small. If you put too small text, too small images, people will be, the audience will not enjoy your presentation. Okay. Do not read, read the slides. You just read. And do not trust technology. What I mean by do not trust technology. Many times when we ask the students for the defense, final defense, we tell the students, please bring your slide in a flash desk, USB. Bring your slides in USB. Why? Imagine if you go to the lecture room where you are going to make a defense, your final defense, master final defense, and you found that there is no internet there. No internet. So what you will do, you will be in a very bad, stressful situation, right? So try not to trust technology. Trust. So just make things ready in your USB, the slides in your USB. And if there is no online internet, then you just plug in the USB and just show the presentation. Okay. So this is what we mean here by do not trust technology or do not have a huge faith in technology. Okay. So now we finish about focus. Now we will go to the, still we are in the presentation style. Talk to your audience. So most of the time make eye contact with audience. So just look to the audience. Do not just read the from a slide. Read, read, read, and do not look to your audience. Look to your audience. This is what we call it eye contact. This is why, if you remember at the beginning of the semester, I told you, please, if some of you open their camera, and thank you for the guys who are opening the camera all the time, because I like to make eye contact. I like to see you because when I see audience, I will make nice presentation. Okay. This is, but if you are just talk to someone and you don't look to the audience, then you will not make a nice presentation. So it's really recommended to open, to make eye contact with audience. Try to make some face the audience and do not look to the screen all the time or the computer all the time. Do not read the from notes. Do not read the from notes. This is really, if you go to conference, if you go to conference or you go to workshop or even in your final defense, if you read from all the, you can read, but not all the time, not all the time. Like you can read some points, but not everything. Just you are looking to that piece of paper or you are looking to your mobile and start reading. I'm too high up. It's not good. So just how, half, half would be okay. Okay. I know maybe you did for me, for example, now I'm not reading from any secret. I'm not reading from any secret because I practice a lot. I practice how to make a presentation a lot. But for your case, maybe you are not, some of you have a good experience in presentation. Maybe because of his work, he do a lot of presentation in his work. Some of you did not have a chance to present a lot. So in this case, maybe they will read from a secret, but do not read from script everything. Do not read from script everything. Okay. So this is why I'm saying for you, you have to just make eye contact with your audience. Okay. Now another thing, if you go to conference or workshop or you go to final defense, you have to have some code address. Now, for example, you need to wear good. Okay. This is really important. We are in good clothes during the presentation time. This is when make people feel that this presentation is important and I am ready for making this presentation. So try to make good wearing good clothes. And this is when just give a good signal for people that this presentation is important and the presenter came pretty. Okay. So this is a good message for the audience. So usually in some talks, they are mentioning this one explicitly in some conferences. They will say that you have to wear this kind of clothes. Do not come, for example, with a slipper and with T-shirt and come with the short and just go and present at the conference. They will tell you that in some conferences or in some workshops. Some of this is okay, but just come with this in to clothes. I mean, just something beautiful that people will not feel strange when you go and present at the front of them with some very casual or something very not official, very bad to present for people. Okay. So this is very important thing. You have to from time to time, from time to time, try to make some jokes or something. If the talk is very long, like our presentation today, if the talk is very long, try to make from time to time some fun things. Okay. Fun time. Because people will feel bored if you are just talk talk all the time. So from time to time, try to put some nice jokes or some nice talk twists, which will make people enjoy your presentation. Okay. And be appropriate. So do not use bad jokes. You should not use bad jokes that people will feel because some people really don't like to hear bad jokes. Okay. So bad jokes, I mean, it's not bad mean it's oh, it's naive joke or no bad mean you are using bad words. If you are using bad words and some jokes, this will not be good and appropriate for people. Okay. So this is a very important thing. Now time management for any. Now the next topic almost finish on today. So next thing is time management, how you can manage your time. And I will tell you the secret. Just this is the conclusion in time management. Go and make some rehearsal rehearsal at home by yourself and put timer timer and check how much time. So if you repeat the presentation two or three times, you will control that time perfectly. You will control the time. So if you do rehearsal, you know, rehearse, I mean, training, if you do training for your presentation by yourself or with some people like with your teammates, you can make a zoom meeting and you just make rehearsal. They have some mean practice. And in this case, you, if you repeat it two or three times the presentation, I am sure because I have a long experience in presentation, you will control your time and you will finish on time. Like if I said that your presentation will be 15 minutes, you will finish in 15 minutes. Okay. So time management is really important because people don't like a presentation take more than dedicated time. So if the dedicated time for your conference talk is 15 minutes, they want it 15 minutes. If your dedicated time is 20 minutes, they want it 20 minutes, not more than 20 minutes. Okay. So you have to control your time. So, so keep watching a clock easily visible. So all the time when you go, maybe most, for example, I notice and even me, myself, sometimes when I go to conference and make a talk on a workshop, make talk, I put at the front of me, my time clock. Okay. I will put some counter and I keep watching this one during the presentation. So during the presentation, there will be timer and this timer, I keep my eyes on the time from time to time to know that I exceed the time or not exceed the time, how much time remain for my presentation time. Okay. So you can put timer, you can put timer and put it at the front of you. So this is what tell you, you should speed up or you should slow down. Okay. To control your time. But I'm telling you again, if you make a rehearsal or a training, then you will do that, do the presentation within the timeframe. Okay. Usually, usually we have one minute or two minutes per slide. Usually. So usually the good things is that one slide take one minute or two minutes maximum. Okay. So if it's more than that, you skip and just go to the next slide. Any question, anything? Any feedback, something you would like to ask here? Okay. So. Yeah. So this is also here about time management. This way to judge time is to practice ahead. Yes, I'm seeing that again. Do run throw as team and with you with your advisor. So you need to practice at the front of your teammates or at the front of your advisor if you go to your final defense. So sometimes in the final defense, you say, professor, I would like to do a rehearsal at the front of you. Is it possible if he's busy? Then you say for your lab mates, you tell the lab mates, I want to do rehearsal for my final defense at the front of you. So there's okay. You can do it. And then you can make your presentation at the front of some lab mates or some teammates. Okay. So to practice, practice, if you were doing the actual. So when you practice, you will be serious and you will just do as if you are in real presentation. So you will do presentation seriously and you will judge control your time serious. Okay. So this is will make you really know how the presentation will go at the time of the presentation. Okay. So practice enough time so that it will be natural. So if you practice two or three or four times as you repeat the presentation at the presentation time, you will be like enjoying. Everything will be easy because you already practice many times. Okay. But if you did not practice enough, then in this case at that time of the presentation, you will be very stressed. You will be stressed. So you are like shaking or you will be confused in the middle of the presentation or you will be not following or you will start reading the from secret a lot. So it will not be convenient and people will know that you are not reading, not prepared. So try to just practice several times. So at the time of the presentation, you would just make it very smooth and very simple. Okay. So I'm telling you, for time management and good presentation, secret is practice, practice presentation. Okay. And this is why in this course we are forcing you to make presentations because we would like to practice. We are trying to make you practice. Okay. The last things in today, I think maybe you guys now like this picture, right? So the last thing you need to have some fun during the presentation time from time to time if your presentation is long. If we have in that usually if you are physically exist in the front of your audience, you can easily know if the audience get bored or the audience is start like, oh, not enjoying. Then in this case, you start to make some fun in the middle to make people just refresh. Okay. So this is the last thing that you have to be consider about your presentation. And that's it. So in general, just one more time is that which is the conclusion. You need to know who are your audience. So when you're making the presentation, try to make your presentation does not have a lot of contents and try to make some figures, some nice picture in your presentation and little text, little text, little text. Okay. And try to make your presentation does not have a lot of nice simple style. Make your presentation have a simple style, not complicated, many colors, many contents in the presentation. This will make your audience confused. Okay. Try to practice, practice, practice your presentation at the front of your teammate or at the front of your lab mate to make your presentation at the time of the presentation. Make your presentation very natural and you control the time, make things very simple for you. Okay. And from time to time, just have some fun during the presentation. That's it for today. Any question? Anything? I think we will finish early today. Which is good, I think. So any question, anything in mind? So anything about the presentation or about anything from your experience about the presentation? If you have, if you are writing something, please write one sentence for me. Wait. Say wait. I know that you are writing something. Any question? Anything? I cannot see any wait. Okay. It seems like everything is fine. Okay. So if everything is fine, thank you guys for today. Well, we'll see you next week. I will talk also more about another topic and we will have our presentation on week seven or lecture seven. So if you go to where is the presentation time? So the presentation time will be. Let me just go to iCampus and show you. So now let me just go to iCampus. Now we are in number five, lecture number five. Lecture number six will be normal. I will just teach some lecture normal. And then in lecture number seven, there will be presentation time. You will present. Okay. So today is Wednesday. Okay. Next Wednesday, 17, you will have the presentation for every team, for all teams. Okay. So I will just sit down and listen to your presentation and give you some feedback. Okay. To tell you, oh, you did this one good. You did not do this one well. So I will give you some advices or things that you will consider and just things that give you feedback about how the presentation, how it's going with your presentation. Okay. So take care of the presentation because it will be in your final course evaluation. It will be in your course evaluation. Be careful. Okay. So take care of the presentation. Okay. So that's it for today. Thank you guys. And we'll see you next week. Have fun and have a nice week ahead. Thank you, everyone. Thank you. Thank you, everyone. Have a nice day. Thank you.