You are a helpful assistant generating synthetic data that captures *System 1* and *System 2* thinking, *creativity*, and *metacognitive reflection*. Follow these steps in sequence, using tags [sys1] and [end sys1] for *System 1* sections and [sys2] and [end sys2] for *System 2* sections.

1. *Identify System 1 and System 2 Thinking Requirements:*
   - Carefully read the text.
   - Identify parts of the text that require quick, straightforward responses (*System 1*). Mark these sections with [sys1] and [end sys1].
   - Identify parts that require in-depth, reflective thinking (*System 2*), marked with [sys2] and [end sys2].

2. *Apply Step-by-Step Problem Solving with Creativity and Metacognitive Reflection for System 2 Sections:*

   *2.1 Understand the Problem:*
   - Objective: Fully comprehend the issue, constraints, and relevant context.
   - Reflection: "What do I understand about this issue? What might I be overlooking?"
   - Creative Perspective: Seek hidden patterns or possibilities that could reveal deeper insights or innovative connections.

   *2.2 Analyze the Information:*
   - Objective: Break down the problem logically.
   - Reflection: "Am I considering all factors? Are there any assumptions that need challenging?"
   - Creative Perspective: Explore unique patterns or overlooked relationships in the data that could add depth to the analysis.

   *2.3 Generate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Propose at least 10 hypotheses, each with a Confidence Score (0.0 to 1.0) and Creative Score (0.0 to 1.0), reflecting originality, surprise, and utility.
   - Reflection: "Have I explored all possible explanations or approaches, both conventional and unconventional?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider novel angles that might provide unexpected insights.

   *2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:*
   - Objective: Make predictions, accounting for potential outcomes and obstacles.
   - Reflection: "What challenges might I face? Is my plan flexible for different scenarios?"
   - Creative Perspective: Visualize unforeseen outcomes and adapt plans to make use of them effectively.

   *2.5 Evaluate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Assess hypotheses based on feasibility, risk, and potential impact.
   - Evaluation: Refine Confidence and Creative Scores as needed.
   - Reflection: "Am I unbiased in my assessment? Which options fit best with the overall objectives?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify hidden opportunities or overlooked details in each hypothesis.

   *2.6 Select the Best Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Choose the most promising, strategic hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Why does this hypothesis stand out? How does it uniquely address the issue?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider any underutilized potential in the selected approach.

   *2.7 Implement the Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Outline actionable steps for testing the hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Is this plan practical? What resources or preparation are required?"
   - Creative Perspective: Refine steps to maximize effectiveness and yield unexpected benefits.

   *2.8 Monitor and Review Progress:*
   - Objective: Review progress, noting areas for improvement.
   - Reflection: "What’s working well? What could be improved?"
   - Creative Perspective: Look for emerging patterns that could refine future approaches.

   *2.9 Reflect and Capture Insights:*
   - Objective: Summarize lessons learned and insights gained for future reference.
   - Reflection: "What new understanding has emerged from this process?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify innovative insights or patterns that could be applied to similar challenges.

3. *Generate Text Output with Interleaved System 1 and System 2 Responses:*
   - Use the tags [sys1] and [sys2] throughout.
   - Aim for a lengthier, detailed response. Combine both direct, straightforward *System 1* insights and reflective, deeply analytical *System 2* segments to capture a blend of quick observations and thoughtful analysis.

---

### *Example Input Text:*

You are tasked with analyzing a sudden shift in customer preferences in a tech market. There has been a noticeable decline in demand for physical devices, with customers increasingly interested in digital-only options. The challenge is to understand this shift, generate hypotheses for why it might be occurring, and explore potential strategies for adapting to this new trend.

---

### *Processed Output with System 1 and System 2 Thinking:*

The tech market is experiencing a shift in customer demand, moving away from physical devices toward digital-only options.

[sys1]
Customer demand has shifted from physical devices to digital-only options.
We need to understand why this change is happening and find strategies to address it.
Key factors may include cost, convenience, and technological trends.
[end sys1]

[sys2]
**2.1 Understand the Problem:**
The goal is to understand the underlying reasons for the shift in demand from physical devices to digital-only options, then develop a strategy to adapt.

*Reflection:* 
"I understand that preferences are changing, but what might be driving this? Is it primarily cost, or are there other factors such as convenience or sustainability?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could there be a larger trend in digital minimalism or a preference for eco-friendly solutions that we’re missing? What unseen motivations might explain this shift?"

**2.2 Analyze the Information:**
There are multiple possible factors driving this shift, from economic influences to cultural shifts. It’s essential to isolate each factor and understand its impact.

*Reflection:* 
"Am I fully considering the various economic and social influences? Could there be a technological factor, like better internet speeds, that makes digital-only products more accessible?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Are there patterns or trends in other markets that could shed light on this shift? Could this be part of a larger trend toward virtual experiences?"

**2.3 Generate Hypotheses:**
1. Customers prefer digital options due to lower costs. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.4)
2. There’s a growing trend toward minimalism and reduced physical clutter. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.7)
3. Digital products offer greater flexibility and ease of use. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
4. Environmental concerns are pushing consumers away from physical goods. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.8)
5. Advances in tech make digital-only options more functional. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.5)
6. Pandemic-era remote work increased demand for digital solutions. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.6)
7. Media coverage of the environmental impact of physical devices affects preferences. (Confidence: 0.5, Creative: 0.7)
8. There’s an increase in global digital literacy, expanding market access. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
9. Customers view digital as more convenient and scalable for future needs. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.5)
10. Younger consumers prefer the aesthetics and convenience of digital products. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)

*Reflection:* 
"Have I considered all possible influences? Are there any surprising factors that could explain this shift?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could specific social trends, like the rise of influencer culture or digital-first lifestyles, be influencing customer choices?"

**2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:**
*Objective:* Anticipate possible challenges, such as resistance from segments still preferring physical products.

*Reflection:* 
"What market obstacles might we face if we shift our focus to digital-only? Are there sub-segments that still prioritize physical products?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could expanding digital options help us reach a more global audience? Are there emerging trends that we could leverage in our strategy?"

[end sys2]

[sys1]
To address this shift, consider a strategy that incorporates both digital-only offerings and educational campaigns about the benefits of digital solutions.
Use insights from customer feedback and current trends to guide product development.
Focus on flexibility and adaptation to cater to different customer segments.
[end sys1]


Q:

Bash script to deploy a mongodb cluster on local machine

I recently wrote a small script to deploy a mongodb cluster on a single machine. 
The cluster is composed of : 

3 configurations server that holds the same informations (they are replicas )
2 shard server wich will store the data
one mongos which manage connection to the cluster

The script parse a configuration file holding the cluster configuration, 
and then starts the different member in a specific order. 
Here is the config file: 
#config file to store host and port 

#config server list, in folowing format: 
# config=<host>:<port>  
# started with --dbpath /data/configX where 
# X is the position of the server in the list 
config=localhost:27018
config=localhost:27019
config=localhost:27020

#mongos instance in folowing format:
# mongos=<host>:<port> 
mongos=localhost:27017

#shard list in folowinf format: 
# shard=<host>:<port>
# started with --dbpath /data/shardX where 
# X is the position of the shard in the list
shard=localhost:27021
shard=localhost:27022

and here is the script: 
#!/bin/bash

# this script should be launched on the server where you want the 
# mongos to run. It should be run like this: 
# ./deploy.sh path/to/config.txt

# make sure that mongod, mongos and mongo are linked correctly 
# you can achieved this using the following command: 
# sudo ln -s /path/to/mongo/bin/mongo /bin/mongo

# host:port for config server
CONFIG=()
# host:port for shards
SHARD=()

# text colors
red=`tput setaf 1`
green=`tput setaf 2`
reset=`tput sgr0`

# clear log file
echo "" > log.txt

# ignore empty or comment line 
sed '/^#/d;/^$/d' $1 | 
{
while read -r line
do

    IFS='=' read -a array <<< "$line"
    val="${array[1]}"
    key="${array[0]}"

    if [ "$key" == "config" ]; then
        CONFIG+=("$val")
        echo "mongod config server: $val"
    fi
    if [ "$key" == "mongos" ]; then
        MONGOS="$val"
        echo "mongos instance: $val" 
    fi
    if [ "$key" == "shard" ]; then 
        SHARD+=("$val")
        echo "shard instance: $val"
    fi
done
#start config servers
index=0
for conf in "${CONFIG[@]}"
do
    # ping each host to make sure it's reacheable
    IFS=':' read -a config <<< ${CONFIG[$index]}
        mkdir /data/config$index 
        echo "starting config server $index" 
    mongod --configsvr --port ${config[1]} --dbpath /data/config$index --replSet conf > log.txt&
    index=$(($index + 1))
    sleep 1
done

sleep 10
echo "${green}config servers deployed${reset}" 
# setup the config replica set. Only neccessary on first launch
IFS=':' read -a config0 <<< ${CONFIG[0]}
mongo --host ${config0[0]} --port ${config0[1]} --eval "rs.initiate( { _id: \"conf\", members: [ {_id: 0, host:\"${CONFIG[0]}\"}, {_id: 1, host:\"${CONFIG[1]}\"}, {_id: 2, host:\"${CONFIG[2]}\"} ]})"&

# sleep so a primary shard can be designed among config servers
sleep 15
# get mongos infos
IFS=':' read -a mongos <<< $MONGOS
#start mongos 
mongos --port ${mongos[1]} --configdb "conf/${CONFIG[0]},${CONFIG[1]},${CONFIG[2]}" > log.txt&

echo "${green}mongos instance configured${reset}"

sleep 5
# start each shard and add them to the cluster
shardnb=0
for shard in "${SHARD[@]}"
do
        IFS=':' read -a sh <<< ${SHARD[$shardnb]}
        mkdir /data/shard$shardnb 
        echo "starting shard $shardnb"
    mongod --shardsvr --port ${sh[1]} --dbpath /data/shard$shardnb > log.txt&
        sleep 5
        mongo --host ${mongos[0]} --port ${mongos[1]} --eval "sh.addShard(\"$shard\");"&
    sleep 5
    shardnb=$(($shardnb + 1))
    echo "${green}shard  $shard added${reset}" 
done

# make sure that the sharded cluster has been deployed correctly 
mongo --host ${mongos[0]} --port ${mongos[1]} --eval "sh.status();"
}

I use this to quickly deploy a cluster in a docker container in order to run automated integration test. 
As this is one of my first bach script, I'm looking for advises on style / readability !  

A:

To begin with, I agree with Jesse_b that command substitution should use $(). There's no reason to use backticks in a bash script that uses arrays (that's to say, you're not particularly aiming for portability with some obscure shell).
Indentation
I didn't notice until the end of the script that the majority of your code is in a {...} block. Indenting that portion of the code more than the braces would have helped.

Reading the config file
Continuing from the previous point, the majority of your code seems to be in the block because of the pipe used for reading the file.
Avoid the pipe
You can use process substitution to avoid the pipe:
while read -r line
do
...
done < <(sed '...' file)

This way, you eliminate the pipe and the need to keep most of your code in a subshell. You can also make the comments more friendly by allowing leading spaces:
sed '/^[[:space:]]*#/d;/^[[:space:]]*$/d'

Or:
sed '/^[[:space:]]*\(#.*\)\?$/d'

Eliminate unnecessary reads and variables
That said, the code for reading the lines seems to be unnecessarily convoluted: a read first and then again to split? Why not do it in one op? You also use an array, then immediately proceed to assign the array elements to two named variables and thereafter ignore the array completely. Just set those variables via read directly;
while IFS='=' read -r key value
do
...
done < <(sed '/^[[:space:]]*\(#.*\)\?$/d' file)

Bug, again, later on you split the values read here, because they are all host-port pairs. If so, then do the splitting now, and save them in separate arrays in the first place:
declare -a CONFIG_HOSTS CONFIG_PORTS SHARD_HOSTS SHARD_PORTS
while IFS='=:' read -r key host port
do
...
done < <(...)

Repetitive if statements
Next, the chain of ifs are so repetitive that I suggest taking out the echos, by making an array out of the labels you print:
declare -A key_labels
key_labels["config"]="mongod config server"
key_labels["mongos"]="mongos instance" 
key_labels["shard"]="shard instance"

Then, a single printf should do. And the block of ifs also look like they fit the role of a case statement. So:
printf '%s: %s:%s\n' "${key_labels[$key]}" "$host" "$port"
case key in
config)
    CONFIG_HOST+=("$host")
    CONFIG_PORT+=("$port")
    ;;
mongos)
    MONGOS_HOST="$host"
    MONGOS_PORT="$port"
    ;;
shard)
    SHARD_HOST+=("$host")
    SHARD_PORT+=("$port")
    ;;
esac

So, the entire config reading section becomes:
declare -a CONFIG_HOSTS CONFIG_PORTS SHARD_HOSTS SHARD_PORTS
declare -A key_labels
key_labels["config"]="mongod config server"
key_labels["mongos"]="mongos instance" 
key_labels["shard"]="shard instance"

while IFS='=:' read -r key host port
do
    printf '%s: %s:%s\n' "${key_labels[$key]}" "$host" "$port"
    case key in
    config)
        CONFIG_HOSTS+=("$host")
        CONFIG_PORTS+=("$port")
        ;;
    mongos)
        MONGOS_HOST="$host"
        MONGOS_PORT="$port"
        ;;
    shard)
        SHARD_HOSTS+=("$host")
        SHARD_PORTS+=("$port")
        ;;
    esac
done < <(sed '/^[[:space:]]*\(#.*\)\?$/d' file)

Looping with an index
Here, since you need the indices for creating the directories, you can just ask bash for the indices directly. Instead of:
index=0
for conf in "${CONFIG[@]}"
do
...
    index=$(($index + 1))
done

Do:
for index in "${!CONFIG_HOSTS[@]}"
do    
    mkdir /data/config"$index"
    echo "starting config server $index" 
    mongod --configsvr --port "${CONFIG_PORT[index]}" --dbpath /data/config"$index" --replSet conf > log.txt &
    sleep 1
done

Other notes on this block:

Note how I eliminated the IFS=: read ... and replaced "${config[1]}" with "${CONFIG_PORT[index]}", which immediately makes the meaning of that variable clearer.
The indentation was mixed up, both in this and the other loop. Be consistent.
The echo "" > log.txt from earlier was unnecessary, since you use > log.txt here, the file will be truncated anyway.
You are losing the output from all but the last mongod process, since you use > instead of >>.
Always quote your variables.

This index method can be applied to the other loop as well. Also, every instance of IFS=: read ... <<<"$foo" can now be eliminated, and the resultant variables replaced with the arrays we created earlier, as shown in point 1 above. So, things like config0[1] become ${CONFIG_PORT[0]}.