Consider you are an expert in this field. Ensure your writing reflects your expertise and is tailored for an audience that consists of other experts in the field. Use a formal and academic tone appropriate for advanced readers, constructing your content with sophisticated arguments that would meet the standards of a peer-reviewed journal. Avoid figures of speech, poetic language, and enumerations. Write in full sentences and paragraphs, employing the active voice, and minimize the use of terms such as "that," "overall," and "in conclusion." You are not allowed to use enumerations at all. Remember, your writing should be humanized and engaging while still demonstrating your expertise. Provide expert arguments. Your output should be 850 words and you should also include a title. You must also include 5 headings for this work. Each heading will bea ccompanied by a very detailed. You are an expert in this field so you must provide advanced arguments. Also provide a title for this work.For the introduction do not provide an outline of the work. Instead provide an academic thesis stating the importance of this subject or theory. Do not state whathe outline of the work. 
Request
Choose one of the theories presented in this module’s readings (all the information are provided below- Psychoanalytic theory is the subject), and discuss how that theory could be applied to the case study presented below. Be sure to draw connections between the client’s history or presenting problem and the major principles of the theory. Speculate what techniques (also provided below) you would apply from that theory, how you would do so, and what anticipated outcomes you would see.
The Case of Julie
Julie is interested in exploring her relationships with men. She says that she cannot trust men, because her father was an alcoholic and therefore untrustworthy. She recalls that he was never around when she needed him, and that she would not have felt free to go to him with her problems because he was always loud and gruff. She felt guilty over her father’s drinking because of her sense that in some way she was causing him to drink. Julie is now 35, unmarried, and leery of men, convinced that they will somehow let her down if she gives them the chance. She has decided in advance that she will not be a fool again by letting herself trust or need a man in her life.
Although Julie seems pretty clear about not wanting to risk trusting men, she realizes that this notion is self-defeating and would like to challenge her views.

Materials:

 The textbook discusses the  Psychoanalytic theory



Different approaches topsychotherapy
Psychologists generally draw on one or more theories of psychotherapy.
A theory of psychotherapy acts as a roadmap for psychologists: It guides them through the process of understandingclients and their problems and developing solutions.
Approaches to psychotherapy fall into fi ve broad categories:
Psychoanalysis and psychodynamic therapies
. This approach focuses on changing problematic behaviors, feelings,and thoughts by discovering their unconscious meanings and motivations. Psychoanalytically oriented therapies arecharacterized by a close working partnership between therapist and patient. Patients learn about themselves byexploring their interactions in the therapeutic relationship. While psychoanalysis is closely identifi ed with
SigmundFreud
, it has been extended and modifi ed since his early formulations.
Behavior therapy
. This approach focuses on learning's role in developing both normal and abnormal behaviors.
a.
Ivan Pavlov
made important contributions to behavior therapy by discovering
classical conditioning
, orassociative learning. Pavlov's famous dogs, for example, began drooling when they heard their dinner bell, becausethey associated the sound with food.
b.
"
Desensitizing
" is classical conditioning in action: A therapist might help a client with a phobia through repeatedexposure to whatever it is that causes anxiety.
c.
Another important thinker was
E.L. Thorndike
, who discovered
operant conditioning
. This type of learning relieson rewards and punishments to shape people's behavior.
d.
Several variations have developed since behavior therapy's emergence in the 1950s. One variation is
cognitive-behavioral therapy
, which focuses on both thoughts and behaviors.
Cognitive therapy
. Cognitive therapy emphasizes what people think rather than what they do.
a.
Cognitive therapists believe that it's dysfunctional thinking that leads to dysfunctional emotions or behaviors. Bychanging their thoughts, people can change how they feel and what they do.
b.
Major fi gures in cognitive therapy include
Albert Ellis
and
Aaron Beck
.
Humanistic therapy
. This approach emphasizes people's capacity to make rational choices and develop to theirmaximum potential. Concern and respect for others are also important themes.
a.
Humanistic philosophers like
Jean-Paul Sartre
,
Martin Buber
and
Søren Kierkegaard
infl uenced this type oftherapy.
b.
Three types of humanistic therapy are especially infl uential.
Client-centered therapy
rejects the idea of therapistsas authorities on their clients' inner experiences. Instead, therapists help clients change by emphasizing their concern, care and interest.
c.
Gestalt therapy
emphasizes what it calls "organismic holism," the importance of being aware of the here and nowand accepting responsibility for yourself.
d.
Existential therapy
focuses on free will, self-determination and the search for meaning.
Integrative or holistic therapy
. Many therapists don't tie themselves to any one approach. Instead, they blendelements from diff erent approaches and tailor their treatment according to each client's needs.