Summarize the following text to main points and sub-points and make detailed explain for them:

tion Indravati is India’s initiative to evacuate its 
citizens from Haiti amidst the country’s turmoil to 
which neighboring country? 
 
(A)  Cuba 
(B)  Jamaica 
 
(C)  USA 
(D)  Dominican Republic 
 
 
(D)  Dominican Republic  
 
 
32. 
According to the Status of Leopards in India 2022, how 
many leopards are there in India? 
 
(A)  12,195 
(B)  13,874  
 
(C)  14,643  
(D)  14,827  
 
 
(B)  13,874 
 
India's leopard population rose by 8% from 12,852 in 
2018 to 13,874 in 2022. About 65% of the leopard 
population is present outside protected areas in the 
Shivalik landscape. Madhya Pradesh houses the largest 
population of leopards (3,907), followed by Maharashtra 
(1,985), Karnataka (1,879) and Tamil Nadu (1,070). The 
tiger reserve with the highest leopard population is 
Nagarjunasagar Srisailam (Andhra Pradesh), followed by 
Panna and Satpura (Madhya Pradesh). 
 
33. 
Tosa Inu, Boerboel, and Kangal were recently in news. 
They are: 
 
(A)  Hurricanes of Atlantic Oceans 
 
(B)  Cyclones of Indian Ocean  
 
(C)  Dog breeds 
 
(D)  Bird breeds 
 
 
(C)  Dog breeds 
 
Recently, two high courts have intervened to stay the 
implementation of the Centre’s circular on banning the 
sale, import and keeping of 23 foreign dog breeds – 
including rottweilers, wolf dogs, and Pitbull terriers. It 
aimed to address concerns about human deaths caused 
by dog bites from “ferocious” breeds kept as pets. The 
circular mentioned “breeds (including mixed and cross 
breeds) like Pitbull Terrier, Tosa Inu, American 
Staffordshire Terrier, Fila Brasileiro, Dogo Argentino, 
American Bulldog, Boerboel, Kangal, Central Asian 
Shepherd Dog (ovcharka), Caucasian Shepherd Dog 
(ovcharka), South Russian Shepherd Dog (ovcharka), 
Tornjak, Sarplaninac, Japanese Tosa and Akita, Mastiffs 
(boerbulls), Rottweiler, Terriers, Rhodesian Ridgeback, 
Wolf Dogs, Canario, Akbash dog, Moscow Guard dog, 
Cane corso, and every dog of the type commonly known 
as a Ban Dog (or Bandog). 
 
34. 
Consider the following statements: 
1.  Starvation is a medical condition that occurs 
when people don’t get the right calories to grow and 
function properly, leading to health problems. 
 
2.  Malnutrition is described as extreme suffering or 
 
death caused by lack of food. 
 
3.  Hunger is the informal term for the feeling that 
 
occurs “when our bodies need or expect food. 
 
Which of the given statements are correct? 
 
(A)  Only 1 and 2 
(B)  Only 2 and 3 
 
(C)  Only 3 
(D)  1, 2 and 3 
 
 
(C)  Only 3 
▪ 
Hunger is the informal term for the feeling that 
occurs “when our bodies need or expect food.  
▪ 
Malnutrition is a medical disorder that happens 
when people do not consume the necessary calories 
to grow and function effectively, resulting in health 
concerns.  
▪ 
Starvation is not a technical term, but it refers to 
severe pain or death induced by a lack of 
nourishment. Without meals, the body initially 
breaks down carbohydrates and fats, followed by 
protein, which includes muscle and essential organs. 
The body starts to shut down activities, including 
digestion, making it difficult to absorb any nutrients 
that are present. 
 
35. 
With reference to the Ayushman Bharat Pradhan 
Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY), consider the 
following statements: 
 
1.  It was launched in 2019. 
 
2.  It aims to achieve universal health coverage and 
 
substantially decrease out-of-pocket healthcare 
 
expenses among the poor. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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3.  The scheme is jointly funded by the Centre and 
the states in the ratio 60:40 for all the states. 
 
4.  The scheme offers up to Rs 15 lakh annually per 
 
family for hospitalizations. 
 
Which of the given statements is/are correct? 
 
(A)  Only 1, 2 and 3 
(B)  Only 2 and 3 
 
(C)  Only 1 and 3 
(D)  Only 1, 2 and 4 
 
 
(B)  Only 2 and 3 
▪ 
Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana 
(AB-PMJAY) was launched in 2018. Two-thirds of the 
total money spent under the scheme each year went 
to private hospitals across the country.  
▪ 
The scheme is jointly funded by the Centre and the 
states in the ratio 60:40 (90:10 in the case of North-
East and hilly states).  
▪ 
Government hospitals account for 58% of all facilities 
empanelled. 
▪ 
The cashless and paperless scheme offers up to Rs 5 
lakh annually per family for hospitalisations. 
▪ 
The southern states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, 
Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana together 
have just 17 per cent of Ayushman cards nationwide, 
but account for a substantial 53 per cent of the total 
patients in the country. 
 
36. 
With reference to the International Big Cat Alliance 
(IBCA) which of the following statement is not true? 
 
(A)  It is established with headquarters in India. 
 
(B)  It received a one-time budgetary support of Rs. 150 
 
crore for five years from 2023-24 to 2027-28. 
 
(C)  It includes Seven big cats out of which five big cats 
 
are found in India. 
 
(D)  It has been conceived as a multi-country, multi-
 
agency coalition of 106 big cat range countries, non-
 
range countries interested in big cat conservation. 
 
 
(D) 
▪ 
The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Shri 
Narendra Modi approved the establishment of 
International 
Big 
Cat 
Alliance 
(IBCA) 
with 
headquarters in India with a one-time budgetary 
support of Rs.150 crore for a period of five years 
from 2023-24 to 2027-28. 
▪ 
The International Big Cat Alliance has been 
conceived as a multi-country, multi-agency coalition 
of 96 big cat range countries, non-range countries 
interested in big cat conservation. 
▪ 
Seven big cats include Tiger, Lion, Leopard, Snow 
Leopard, Puma, Jaguar and the Cheetah out of these 
five big cats viz. Tiger, Lion, Leopard, Snow Leopard 
and Cheetah are found in India. 
▪ 
It is Modelled on the International Solar Alliance. 
 
37. 
With reference to the Atmospheric Research Testbed 
(ART), consider the following statements: 
 
1.  The facility aims to conduct ground-based 
 
observations of weather. 
2.  The first phase of India’s Atmospheric Research 
Testbed in Central India (ART-CI) was inaugurated in 
Madhya Pradesh. 
 
3.  The testbed was funded by the Ministry of Science 
 
and Technology. 
 
4.  The facility will not be able to provide observations 
 
during the southwest monsoon season from June to 
 
September. 
 
Which of the given statements is/are correct? 
 
(A)  Only 1 and 2 
(B)  Only 3 and 4 
 
(C)  Only 1 and 3 
(D)  Only 2 and 4 
 
 
 
(A)  Only 1 and 2 
▪ 
Recently, the first phase of India’s Atmospheric 
Research Testbed in Central India (ART-CI) was 
inaugurated at Silkheda in Sehore district, located 
about 50 km northwest of Bhopal in Madhya 
Pradesh. 
▪ 
It was funded by the Ministry of Earth Sciences 
(MoES). 
▪ 
The 
facility 
will 
house 
25 
cutting-edge 
meteorological instruments for studying critical 
cloud dynamics linked with monsoons over central 
India’s Monsoon Core Zone (MCZ). 
▪ 
The facility intends to conduct ground-based 
observations of weather parameters such as 
temperature and wind speeds, as well as in-situ (on-
site) observations of transient synoptic systems such 
as low-pressure areas and depressions that form in 
the Bay of Bengal during the southwest monsoon 
season, which runs from June to September.  
 
38. 
The Union Cabinet has approved the proposal of 
creation of one post as Director of National Institute 
of One Health, which is located in: 
 
(A)  Indore 
(B)  Hyderabad 
 
(C)  Nagpur 
(D)  Mysore 
 
 
(C)  Nagpur 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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39. 
With reference to the Model Code of Conduct (MCC), 
consider the following statements: 
 
1.  It is a set of guidelines issued to regulate political 
 
parties and candidates prior to elections. 
 
2.  It does not govern speeches and campaigning. 
 
3.  It ensures to conduct of free and fair elections in 
 
the country. 
 
4. It came into effect on March 17. 
 
Which of the given statements is/are correct? 
 
(A)  Only 1 and 2 
(B)  Only 3 and 4 
 
(C)  Only 1 and 3 
(D)  Only 2 and 4 
 
 
(C)  Only 1 and 3 
▪ 
The Election Commission of India announced on 
March 16 that the country would vote in seven 
phases in the Lok Sabha elections, from April 19 to 
June 1 and the results will be announced on June 4. 
With this, the Model Code of Conduct (MCC) came 
into effect. 
▪ 
The MCC of ECI is a set of guidelines issued to 
regulate political parties and candidates prior to 
elections. 
▪ 
The MCC comes into force from the date the election 
schedule is announced until the date that results are 
out. 
▪ 
The MCC contains eight provisions dealing with 
general conduct, meetings, processions, polling day, 
polling booths, observers, the party in power, and 
election manifestos. 
 
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Summary :