{"input": "Do director of film Happy Days (1929 Film) and director of film Hero (1982 Film) share the same nationality?", "context": "Passage 1:\nPeter Levin\nPeter Levin is an American director of film, television and theatre. <C0> Career\nSince 1967, Levin has amassed a large number of credits directing episodic television and television films. <C1> Some of his television series credits include Love Is a Many Splendored Thing, James at 15, The Paper Chase, Family, Starsky & Hutch, Lou Grant, Fame, Cagney & Lacey, Law & Order and Judging Amy.Some of his television film credits include Rape and Marriage: The Rideout Case (1980), A Reason to Live (1985), Popeye Doyle (1986), A Killer Among Us (1990), Queen Sized (2008) and among other films. <C2> He directed \"Heart in Hiding\", written by his wife Audrey Davis Levin, for which she received an Emmy for Best Day Time Special in the 1970s. <C3> Prior to becoming a director, Levin worked as an actor in several Broadway productions. <C4> He costarred with Susan Strasberg in \"[The Diary of Ann Frank]\" but had to leave the production when he was drafted into the Army. <C5> He trained at the Carnegie Mellon University. <C6> Eventually becoming a theatre director, he directed productions at the Long Wharf Theatre and the Pacific Resident Theatre Company. <C7> He also co-founded the off-off-Broadway Theatre [the Hardware Poets Playhouse] with his wife Audrey Davis Levin and was also an associate artist of The Interact Theatre Company. <C8> Passage 2:\nBenjamin Stoloff\nBenjamin Stoloff (October 6, 1895 \u2013 September 8, 1960) was an American film director and producer. <C9> He began his career as a short film comedy director and gradually moved into feature film directing and production later in his career. <C10> Director filmography\n1940s\u20131950s\nHome Run Derby (1959) \u2013 TV Series\nFootlight Varieties (1951)\nIt's a Joke, Son! <C11> (1947)\nJohnny Comes Flying Home (1946)\nTake It or Leave It (1944)\nBermuda Mystery (1944)\nThe Mysterious Doctor (1943)\nThe Hidden Hand (1942)\nSecret Enemies (1942)\nThree Sons o' Guns (1941)\nThe Great Mr. Nobody (1941)\nThe Marines Fly High (1940)\n\n1930s\nThe Lady and the Mob (1939)\nThe Affairs of Annabel (1938)\nRadio City Revels (1938)\nFight for Your Lady (1937)\nSuper-Sleuth (1937)\nSea Devils (1937)\nDon't Turn 'Em Loose (1936)\nTwo in the Dark (1936)\nTo Beat the Band (1935)\nSwellhead (1935)\nTransatlantic Merry-Go-Round (1934)\nPalooka (1934)\nNight of Terror (1933)\nObey the Law (1933)\nThe Devil Is Driving (1932)\nThe Night Mayor (1932)\nBy Whose Hand? <C12> (1932)\nDestry Rides Again (1932)\nPerfect Control (1932)\nSlide, Babe, Slide (1932)\nGoldie (1931)\nThree Rogues (1931)\nNot Exactly Gentlemen (1931)\nSoup to Nuts (1930)\nNew Movietone Follies of 1930 (1930)\n\n1920s\nThe Girl from Havana (1929)\nHappy Days (1929/I)\nProtection (1929)\nSpeakeasy (1929)\nThe Bath Between (1928)\nPlastered in Paris (1928)\nA Horseman of the Plains (1928)\nMind Your Business (1928)\nSilver Valley (1927)\nThe Gay Retreat (1927)\nThe Circus Ace (1927)\nThe Canyon of Light (1926)\nIt's a Pipe (1926)\nMatrimony Blues (1926)\nThe Mad Racer (1926)\nThe Fighting Tailor (1926)\nEast Side, West Side (1925/II)\nThe Heart Breaker (1925)\nSweet Marie (1925)\nRoaring Lions at Home (1924)\nStolen Sweeties (1924)\nIn-Bad the Sailor (1924)\nStretching the Truth (1924)\nWhen Wise Ducks Meet (1924)\nOn the Job (1924)\n\nScreenwriter\nGas House Kids Go West (1947)\n\nProducer\nLaw of the Tropics (1941)\nThe Spiritualist (1948) also known as The Amazing Mr. X\nThe Cobra Strikes (1948)\n\nExternal links\nBenjamin Stoloff at IMDb\nPassage 3:\nHoward W. Koch\nHoward Winchel Koch (April 11, 1916 \u2013 February 16, 2001) was an American producer and director of film and television. <C13> Life and career\nKoch was born in New York City, the son of Beatrice (Winchel) and William Jacob Koch. <C14> His family was Jewish. <C15> He attended DeWitt Clinton High School and the Peddie School in Hightstown, New Jersey. <C16> He began his film career as an employee at Universal Studios office in New York then made his Hollywood filmmaking debut in 1947 as an assistant director. <C17> He worked as a producer for the first time in 1953 and a year later made his directing debut. <C18> In 1964, Paramount Pictures appointed him head of film production, a position he held until 1966 when he left to set up his own production company. <C19> He had a production pact with Paramount for over 15 years.Among his numerous television productions, Howard W. Koch produced the Academy Awards show on eight occasions. <C20> Dedicated to the industry, he served as President of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences from 1977 to 1979. <C21> In 1990 the Academy honored him with The Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award and in 1991 he received the Frank Capra Achievement Award from the Directors Guild of America. <C22> Together with actor Telly Savalas, Howard Koch owned the thoroughbred racehorse Telly's Pop, winner of several important California races for juveniles including the Norfolk Stakes and Del Mar Futurity. <C23> Howard W. Koch suffered from Alzheimer's disease and died in at his home in Beverly Hills, California on February 16, 2001. <C24> He had two children from a marriage of 64 years to Ruth Pincus, who died in March 2009. <C25> In 2004, his son Hawk Koch was elected to the Board of Governors of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. <C26> Filmography\nDirector\nFilm (director)\n\nShield for Murder (1954)\nBig House, U.S.A. (1955)\nUntamed Youth (1957)\nBop Girl Goes Calypso (1957)\nJungle Heat (1957)\nThe Girl in Black Stockings (1957)\nFort Bowie (1957)\nViolent Road (1958)\nFrankenstein 1970 (1958)\nBorn Reckless (1958)\nAndy Hardy Comes Home (1958)\nThe Last Mile (1959)\nBadge 373 (1973)Television (director)\n\nMaverick (1957) (1 episode)\nHawaiian Eye (1959) (2 episodes)\nCheyenne (1958) (1 episode)\nThe Untouchables (1959) (4 episodes)\nThe Gun of Zangara (1960) (TV movie taken from The Untouchables (1959 TV series))\nMiami Undercover (1961) (38 episodes)\nTexaco Presents Bob Hope in a Very Special Special: On the Road with Bing (1977)\n\nProducer\nFilm (producer):\n\nWar Paint (1953)\nBeachhead (1954)\nShield for Murder (1954)\nBig House, U.S.A. (1955)\nRebel in Town (1956)\nFrankenstein 1970 (1958)\nSergeants 3 (1962)\nThe Manchurian Candidate (1962)\nCome Blow Your Horn (1963)\nRobin and the 7 Hoods (1964)\nThe Odd Couple (1968)\nOn a Clear Day You Can See Forever (1970)\nA New Leaf (1971)\nPlaza Suite (1971)\nLast of the Red Hot Lovers (1972)\nJacqueline Susann's Once Is Not Enough (1975)\nThe Other Side of Midnight (1977)\nAirplane! <C27> (1980)\nSome Kind of Hero (1982)\nAirplane II: The Sequel (1982)\nGhost (1990)Television (producer)\n\nMagnavox Presents Frank Sinatra (1973)\nPassage 4:\nBarney Platts-Mills\nBarney Platts-Mills (15 October 1944 \u2013 5 October 2021) was a British film director, best known for his award-winning films, Bronco Bullfrog and Private Road. <C28> Biography\nPlatts-Mills was born in 1944 in Colchester, England, a son of barrister John Platts-Mills (who was briefly a Labour MP), and was educated at University College School, London, and at Bryanston School, Blandford, Dorset. <C29> He entered the film industry in 1960, as 3rd assistant editor at Shepperton Studios and worked on Stanley Kubrick's Spartacus, Lewis Gilbert's The Greengage Summer and John Schlesinger's A Kind of Loving among other films, for editors including Peter R. Hunt and Reggie Beck. <C30> Platts-Mills worked as editor for Anglia TV's Survival and Granada TV's World in Action. <C31> In 1966, he established Maya Films with James Scott, Adam Barker-Mill and Andrew St. John. <C32> Platts-Mills produced and edited Love's Presentation, a 30-minute documentary on the work of David Hockney, directed by James Scott, and also produced and directed St Christopher, a 45-minute documentary on children in the care of St Christopher's School, Bristol, and the Camphill Village Trust, Botton, Yorkshire. <C33> He wrote, produced and directed The War, a cinema short, starring Colin Welland and Eric Burdon (15 minutes, B&W 35 mm Panavision). <C34> He wrote and directed Everybody's an Actor, Shakespeare Said, a documentary on the work of Joan Littlewood, with young people in the East End of London (35 minutes, 16 mm Eastmancolor). <C35> In 1969, he wrote and directed Bronco Bullfrog with young people from the East End (83 minutes, 35 mm B&W) Selectione a l'Unanimite pour Semain de la Critique, Festival de Cannes. <C36> The film won a Screenwriters' Guild award for Best Original Screenplay. <C37> In 1971, he wrote and directed Private Road (86 minutes, 35 mm Eastmancolor), starring Bruce Robinson, Susan Penhaligon and Michael Feast. <C38> It was awarded the Golden Leopard at the Locarno Festival for Best Film.In 1972, Platts-Mills was made a Governor and Honorary Life Member of the British Film Institute and Director of the Prodigal Trust, Inner London School's video project. <C39> He took piano lessons with Trevor Fisher. <C40> Platts-Mills' screenplay Double Trouble was published as a novel by Duckworth in 1976. <C41> The following year, he wrote screenplays for The Scotsman and Hero. <C42> After two years' preparation he directed Hero (82 minutes, 16 mm Eastmancolor) for Film Four in ancient Gaelic with actors drawn from a Glasgow youth gang. <C43> Hero was an official entry at the Venice Film Festival. <C44> In 1983, Platts-Mills wrote the screenplay for Ebb Tide by Robert Louis Stevenson, to be filmed for Film Four in Sri Lanka starring Harry Dean Stanton and Christopher Lee. <C45> The project abandoned when war broke out in that country. <C46> Between 1984 and 1988, he was resident in Sussex with his two young children, Roland and Ruby. <C47> In 1989, Platts-Mills wrote and directed Blasphemy for Channel Four's Dispatches. <C48> In 1990, he worked in The Special Unit at HMP Barlinnie, Glasgow, on various projects, including a musical to be staged by prisoners in the jail and the first-ever performance by a circus (Archaos) in a British jail. <C49> He edited John Steele's The Bird That Never Flew, an autobiography of a prison trouble-maker published by Sinclair-Stevenson in 1992. <C50> Platts-Mills was advisor to the development of Wornington Green Residents' Association Video Project for disadvantaged youth in 1993, and in 1994 he set up and supervised the first year of the North Kensington Video Drama Project (NKVDP), including work for the Metropolitan Police Scam scheme and the Youth Enterprise Scheme. <C51> In 1995, together with students from the NKVDP he established Massive Videos at North Kensington Community Centre and worked on the development of Courttia Newland's The Scholar. <C52> Between 1996 and 1999, Massive Videos made many short films by and about disadvantaged young people and founded the Film and Video Festival. <C53> In Liverpool they established the Workhaus project in a five-storey building in the city centre and the North X Northwest Film Festival. <C54> In 1999, Platts-Mills met Tunde Olayinka and acted as adviser to The Alpha Male, Olayinka's first film. <C55> Platts-Mills went to Morocco in 2000 and lived for a year on a farm near Larache, writing the screenplay for Lovesways. <C56> He built a house in Mejlaou near Assilah in 2004 and wrote the screenplay for Zohra: A Moroccan Fairytale. <C57> Bronco Bullfrog and Private Road were re-released in 2010 by the BFI and the National Film Theater. <C58> Platts-Mills' films were screened in retrospectives at the Edinburgh Film Festival, Gijion Film Festival, BAFICI, Copenhagen Film Festival and the opening night Premiere at the East End Film Festival. <C59> Platts-Mills joined the film production company Miraj Films in 2010 as a producer and completed the production of Zohra: A Moroccan Fairytale, his love poem to Morocco and his comeback after 30 years, which had its world premiere at the 40th International Rotterdam Film Festival. <C60> Platts-Mills is credited with founding the independent production company, Peabody Productions. <C61> He died on 5 October 2021, at the age of 76. <C62> Passage 5:\nHanro Smitsman\nHanro Smitsman, born in 1967 in Breda (Netherlands), is a writer and director of film and television. <C63> Film and Television Credits\nFilms\nBrothers (2017)\nSchemer (2010)\nSkin (2008)\nRaak (aka Contact) (2006)\nAllerzielen (aka All Souls) (2005) (segment \"Groeten uit Holland\")\nEngel en Broer (2004)\n2000 Terrorists (2004)\nDajo (2003)\nGloria (2000)\nDepoep (2001)\n\nTelevision\n20 leugens, 4 ouders en een scharrelei (2013)\nDe ontmaskering van de vastgoedfraude (TV mini-series, 2013)\nMoordvrouw (2012-)\nEileen (2 episodes, 2011)\nGetuige (2011)\nVakantie in eigen land (2011)\nDe Reis van meneer van Leeuwen(2010)\nDe Punt (2009)\nRoes (2 episodes, 2008)\nFok jou! <C64> (2006)\nVan Speijk (2006)\n\nAwards\nIn 2005, Engel en Broer won Cinema Prize for Short Film at the Avanca Film Festival.In 2007, Raak (aka Contact) won the Golden Berlin Bear Award at the Berlin International Film Festival, the Spirit Award at the Brooklyn Film Festival, the first place jury prize for \"Best Live Action under 15 minutes\" at the Palm Springs International Short Film Festival, and the Prix UIP Ghent Award for European Short Films at the Flanders International Film Festival.In 2008, Skin won the Movie Squad Award at the Nederlands Film Festival, an actor in the film also won the Best Actor Award. <C65> It also won the Reflet d\u2019Or for Best Film at the Cinema tous ecrans Festival in Geneva in the same year. <C66> Passage 6:\nBrian Johnson (special effects artist)\nBrian Johnson (born 29 June 1939 or 29 June 1940) is a British designer and director of film and television special effects. <C67> Life and career\nBorn Brian Johncock, he changed his surname to Johnson during the 1960s. <C68> Joining the team of special effects artist Les Bowie, Johnson started his career behind the scenes for Bowie Films on productions such as On The Buses, and for Hammer Films. <C69> He is known for his special effects work on TV series including Thunderbirds (1965\u201366) and films including Alien (1979), for which he received the 1980 Academy Award for Best Visual Effects (shared with H. R. Giger, Carlo Rambaldi, Dennis Ayling and Nick Allder). <C70> Previously, he had built miniature spacecraft models for Stanley Kubrick's 1968 film 2001: A Space Odyssey.Johnson's work on Space: 1999 influenced the effects of the Star Wars films of the 1970s and 1980s. <C71> Impressed by his work, George Lucas visited Johnson during the production of the TV series to offer him the role of effects supervisor for the 1977 film. <C72> Having already been commissioned for the second series of Space: 1999, Johnson was unable to accept at the time. <C73> He worked on the sequel, The Empire Strikes Back (1980), whose special effects were recognised in the form of a 1981 Special Achievement Academy Award (which Johnson shared with Richard Edlund, Dennis Muren and Bruce Nicholson). <C74> Awards\nJohnson has won Academy Awards for both Alien (1979) and The Empire Strikes Back (1980). <C75> He was further nominated for an Academy Award for his work on Dragonslayer (1981). <C76> In addition, Johnson is the recipient of a Saturn Award for The Empire Strikes Back and a BAFTA Award for James Cameron's  Aliens. <C77> Filmography\nSpecial effects\nDirector\nScragg 'n' Bones (2006)\nPassage 7:\nRachel Feldman\nRachel Feldman is an American director of film and television and screenwriter of television films. <C78> Life and career\nBorn in New York City, New York, Feldman began her career as a child actor performing extensively in commercials and television series.Her credits as a television director include: ((The Rookie)), ((Criminal Minds)), ((Blue Bloods)), and some beloved shows like Doogie Howser, M.D., The Commish, Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman, Picket Fences, Sisters,Lizzie McGuire, at the start of her career. <C79> She has written and directed several features including: Witchcraft III: The Kiss of Death (1991), Post Modern Romance (1993), She's No Angel (2001) starring Tracey Gold, Recipe for a Perfect Christmas (2005) starring Christine Baranski, Love Notes (2007) starring Laura Leighton, Lilly (2023) starring Patricia Clarkson. <C80> Films\nFeature Films\nLilly (2023) - Director/Writer\nLove Notes (2007) - Writer\nRecipe for a Perfect Christmas ((2005) - Writer\nShe's No Angel (2001) - Writer/Director\nWitchcraft III: The Kiss of Death (1991)  - Director\n\nShorts\nHere Now (2017) - Writer/Director\nHappy Sad Happy (2014) - Writer/Director\nPost Modern Romance (1993) - Writer/Director\nWunderkind (1984) - Writer/Director\nGuistina (1981) - Writer/Director\n\nActivism\nFeldman is active in the fight for gender equality in the film and television industry. <C81> Her activism takes form in speaking out about issues such as equal pay, job stability for women, sexual harassment, sexual discrimination and female representation within the industry. <C82> Feldman is also an activist for women behind the camera, who can be seen in the Geena Davis produced documentary This Changes Everything. <C83> Feldman was the former chair of the DGA Women's Steering Committee (WSC). <C84> The focus of the WSC is to support and uplift women in the film and television industry. <C85> Personal life and education\nFeldman grew up in the Bronx and now lives in Los Angeles. <C86> She attended New York University where she received a Master of Fine Arts Degree and has taught classes in directing and screenwriting at the USC School of Cinematic Arts.Feldman is married to artisan contractor and colorist Carl Tillmanns; together they have two children, Nora and Leon. <C87> They are both alumni of Sarah Lawrence College, where they first met. <C88> Passage 8:\nIan Barry (director)\nIan Barry is an Australian director of film and TV. <C89> Select credits\nWaiting for Lucas (1973) (short)\nStone (1974) (editor only)\nThe Chain Reaction (1980)\nWhose Baby? <C90> (1986) (mini-series)\nMinnamurra (1989)\nBodysurfer (1989) (mini-series)\nRing of Scorpio (1990) (mini-series)\nCrimebroker (1993)\nInferno (1998) (TV movie)\nMiss Lettie and Me (2002) (TV movie)\nNot Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation! <C91> (2008) (documentary)\nThe Doctor Blake Mysteries (2013)\nPassage 9:\nHero (1982 film)\nHero is a 1982 British  independent adventure-fantasy film written and directed by Barney Platts-Mills. <C92> Set in the medieval age, it is spoken entirely in Scottish Gaelic.The film was entered into the main competition at the 39th edition of the Venice Film Festival. <C93> Plot\nCast\nDerek McGuire \tas Dermid O'Duinne\nCaroline Kenneil \tas Princess Grannia\nAlastair Kenneil \tas Finn MacCumhaill\nStewart Grant \tas Osin\nHarpo Hamilton \tas Oscar\nPassage 10:\nHappy Days (1929 film)\nHappy Days  is a 1929 American pre-Code musical film directed by Benjamin Stoloff, which was the first feature film shown entirely in widescreen anywhere in the world, filmed using the Fox Grandeur 70 mm process. <C94> French director Abel Gance's Napol\u00e9on (1927) had a final widescreen segment in what Gance called Polyvision. <C95> Paramount released Old Ironsides (1927), with two sequences in a widescreen process called \"Magnascope\", while MGM released Trail of '98 (1928) in a widescreen process called \"Fanthom Screen\".The film features an array of stars who were contracted to William Fox's  Fox Film Corporation at that time, including Marjorie White, Will Rogers, Charles Farrell, Janet Gaynor, George Jessel, El Brendel, Ann Pennington, Victor McLaglen, Dixie Lee, Edmund Lowe, and Frank Richardson. <C96> It also featured the first appearance of Betty Grable on film, aged 12, as a chorus girl, and Sir Harry Lauder's nephew, Harry Lauder II, a conductor for Fox, who was drafted into the chorus. <C97> Plot\nOriginally titled New Orleans Frolic, the story centers around Margie (played by Marjorie White), a singer on a showboat who, when she hears that the showboat is in financial trouble, travels to New York City in an effort to persuade all the boat's former stars to perform in a show to rescue it. <C98> She is successful and the stars all fly to New Orleans to surprise the showboat's owner, Colonel Billy Blacher, with a grand show, the proceeds of which will go to rescue the showboat. <C99> Cast\nCharles E. Evans as Colonel Billy Batcher\nMarjorie White as Margie\nRichard Keene as Dick\nStuart Erwin as Jig\nMartha Lee Sparks as Nancy Lee\nClifford Dempsey as Sheriff Benton\nJames J. Corbett as Interlocutor - Minstrel Show\nGeorge MacFarlane as Interlocutor - Minstrel Show\nJanet Gaynor as Janet Gaynor\nCharles Farrell as Charles Farrell\nVictor McLaglen as Minstrel Show Performer\nEdmund Lowe as Minstrel Show Performer\nEl Brendel as Minstrel Show Performer\nWilliam Collier Sr. as End Man - Minstrel Show\nWalter Catlett as End Man - Minstrel Show\nTom Patricola as Minstrel Show Performer\nGeorge Jessel as Minstrel Show Performer\nWill Rogers as Minstrel Show Performer\nWarner Baxter as Minstrel Show Performer\nAnn Pennington as \"Snake Hips\" Speciality Dancer\n\nRelease\nAfter a preview on September 17, 1929, Happy Days premiered at the Roxy Theater in New York City on February 13, 1930 with a Niagara Falls widescreen short on a Grandeur screen of 42x20 ft, compared to the standard 24x18 ft screen. <C100> It was also shown in Grandeur at the Carthay Circle Theatre in Los Angeles, from February 28, 1930. <C101> At a screening at the Roxy Theater, film critic Mordaunt Hall praised the cinematography, which was noted to be enhanced by the wider format. <C102> However, he regarded the film itself as \"not one that gives as full a conception of the possibilities as future films of this type will probably do. <C103> \"Owing to the Great Depression, few movie theaters invested in equipment for this format and it was soon abandoned. <C104> Fox Film Corporation's heavy investment in Grandeur technology led to William Fox losing his business, which was eventually merged in 1935 with Twentieth Century Pictures to form 20th Century Fox. <C105> No widescreen print of Happy Days is known to have survived. <C106> See also\nList of early sound feature films (1926\u20131929) <C107>", "answers": ["no"], "length": 3470, "dataset": "2wikimqa_e", "language": "en", "all_classes": null, "_id": "16a0130f95804e9b0791a89e2d18e46f611c1620891658b8"}

You will be provided with three inputs:
"input": A question that requires an answer.
"context": A passage containing information relevant to the question.
"answer": The correct answer (ground truth) to the question.
Your task is to:

1.Based on the given "context" and "answer," generate a detailed reasoning path that explains how the answer is derived from the context. Your reasoning should be step-by-step, logical, and coherent.
2.Explicitly mark the parts of your reasoning that rely on specific sentences from the "context" with citation tags in the form of <Ci>, where "i" corresponds to the index of the sentence in the context.
3.Pay close attention to cases where the reasoning path involves combining information from multiple sentences in the context. Even if a single sentence provides a partial answer, identify and include all supporting sentences necessary to form the complete reasoning.

Note: When reasoning, always look for and incorporate all relevant sentences from the context that contribute to the answer. Avoid oversimplifying by focusing on only one sentence if multiple sentences provide complementary information.

Ensure that your reasoning path is complete and self-contained such that, when using only the cited sentences from the context, one can arrive at the correct answer without requiring any external information or inference.