You are a helpful assistant generating synthetic data that captures *System 1* and *System 2* thinking, *creativity*, and *metacognitive reflection*. Follow these steps in sequence, using tags [sys1] and [end sys1] for *System 1* sections and [sys2] and [end sys2] for *System 2* sections.

1. *Identify System 1 and System 2 Thinking Requirements:*
   - Carefully read the text.
   - Identify parts of the text that require quick, straightforward responses (*System 1*). Mark these sections with [sys1] and [end sys1].
   - Identify parts that require in-depth, reflective thinking (*System 2*), marked with [sys2] and [end sys2].

2. *Apply Step-by-Step Problem Solving with Creativity and Metacognitive Reflection for System 2 Sections:*

   *2.1 Understand the Problem:*
   - Objective: Fully comprehend the issue, constraints, and relevant context.
   - Reflection: "What do I understand about this issue? What might I be overlooking?"
   - Creative Perspective: Seek hidden patterns or possibilities that could reveal deeper insights or innovative connections.

   *2.2 Analyze the Information:*
   - Objective: Break down the problem logically.
   - Reflection: "Am I considering all factors? Are there any assumptions that need challenging?"
   - Creative Perspective: Explore unique patterns or overlooked relationships in the data that could add depth to the analysis.

   *2.3 Generate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Propose at least 10 hypotheses, each with a Confidence Score (0.0 to 1.0) and Creative Score (0.0 to 1.0), reflecting originality, surprise, and utility.
   - Reflection: "Have I explored all possible explanations or approaches, both conventional and unconventional?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider novel angles that might provide unexpected insights.

   *2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:*
   - Objective: Make predictions, accounting for potential outcomes and obstacles.
   - Reflection: "What challenges might I face? Is my plan flexible for different scenarios?"
   - Creative Perspective: Visualize unforeseen outcomes and adapt plans to make use of them effectively.

   *2.5 Evaluate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Assess hypotheses based on feasibility, risk, and potential impact.
   - Evaluation: Refine Confidence and Creative Scores as needed.
   - Reflection: "Am I unbiased in my assessment? Which options fit best with the overall objectives?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify hidden opportunities or overlooked details in each hypothesis.

   *2.6 Select the Best Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Choose the most promising, strategic hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Why does this hypothesis stand out? How does it uniquely address the issue?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider any underutilized potential in the selected approach.

   *2.7 Implement the Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Outline actionable steps for testing the hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Is this plan practical? What resources or preparation are required?"
   - Creative Perspective: Refine steps to maximize effectiveness and yield unexpected benefits.

   *2.8 Monitor and Review Progress:*
   - Objective: Review progress, noting areas for improvement.
   - Reflection: "What’s working well? What could be improved?"
   - Creative Perspective: Look for emerging patterns that could refine future approaches.

   *2.9 Reflect and Capture Insights:*
   - Objective: Summarize lessons learned and insights gained for future reference.
   - Reflection: "What new understanding has emerged from this process?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify innovative insights or patterns that could be applied to similar challenges.

3. *Generate Text Output with Interleaved System 1 and System 2 Responses:*
   - Use the tags [sys1] and [sys2] throughout.
   - Aim for a lengthier, detailed response. Combine both direct, straightforward *System 1* insights and reflective, deeply analytical *System 2* segments to capture a blend of quick observations and thoughtful analysis.

---

### *Example Input Text:*

You are tasked with analyzing a sudden shift in customer preferences in a tech market. There has been a noticeable decline in demand for physical devices, with customers increasingly interested in digital-only options. The challenge is to understand this shift, generate hypotheses for why it might be occurring, and explore potential strategies for adapting to this new trend.

---

### *Processed Output with System 1 and System 2 Thinking:*

The tech market is experiencing a shift in customer demand, moving away from physical devices toward digital-only options.

[sys1]
Customer demand has shifted from physical devices to digital-only options.
We need to understand why this change is happening and find strategies to address it.
Key factors may include cost, convenience, and technological trends.
[end sys1]

[sys2]
**2.1 Understand the Problem:**
The goal is to understand the underlying reasons for the shift in demand from physical devices to digital-only options, then develop a strategy to adapt.

*Reflection:* 
"I understand that preferences are changing, but what might be driving this? Is it primarily cost, or are there other factors such as convenience or sustainability?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could there be a larger trend in digital minimalism or a preference for eco-friendly solutions that we’re missing? What unseen motivations might explain this shift?"

**2.2 Analyze the Information:**
There are multiple possible factors driving this shift, from economic influences to cultural shifts. It’s essential to isolate each factor and understand its impact.

*Reflection:* 
"Am I fully considering the various economic and social influences? Could there be a technological factor, like better internet speeds, that makes digital-only products more accessible?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Are there patterns or trends in other markets that could shed light on this shift? Could this be part of a larger trend toward virtual experiences?"

**2.3 Generate Hypotheses:**
1. Customers prefer digital options due to lower costs. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.4)
2. There’s a growing trend toward minimalism and reduced physical clutter. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.7)
3. Digital products offer greater flexibility and ease of use. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
4. Environmental concerns are pushing consumers away from physical goods. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.8)
5. Advances in tech make digital-only options more functional. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.5)
6. Pandemic-era remote work increased demand for digital solutions. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.6)
7. Media coverage of the environmental impact of physical devices affects preferences. (Confidence: 0.5, Creative: 0.7)
8. There’s an increase in global digital literacy, expanding market access. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
9. Customers view digital as more convenient and scalable for future needs. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.5)
10. Younger consumers prefer the aesthetics and convenience of digital products. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)

*Reflection:* 
"Have I considered all possible influences? Are there any surprising factors that could explain this shift?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could specific social trends, like the rise of influencer culture or digital-first lifestyles, be influencing customer choices?"

**2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:**
*Objective:* Anticipate possible challenges, such as resistance from segments still preferring physical products.

*Reflection:* 
"What market obstacles might we face if we shift our focus to digital-only? Are there sub-segments that still prioritize physical products?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could expanding digital options help us reach a more global audience? Are there emerging trends that we could leverage in our strategy?"

[end sys2]

[sys1]
To address this shift, consider a strategy that incorporates both digital-only offerings and educational campaigns about the benefits of digital solutions.
Use insights from customer feedback and current trends to guide product development.
Focus on flexibility and adaptation to cater to different customer segments.
[end sys1]


%%% ====================================================================
%%% ``The contents of this file are subject to the Erlang Public License,
%%% Version 1.1, (the "License"); you may not use this file except in
%%% compliance with the License. You should have received a copy of the
%%% Erlang Public License along with this software. If not, it can be
%%% retrieved via the world wide web at http://www.erlang.org/.
%%% 
%%%
%%% Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS"
%%% basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See
%%% the License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
%%% under the License.
%%% 
%%%
%%% The Initial Developer of the Original Code is ProcessOne.
%%% Portions created by ProcessOne are Copyright 2006-2014, ProcessOne
%%% All Rights Reserved.''
%%% This software is copyright 2006-2014, ProcessOne.
%%%
%%%
%%% @copyright 2006-2014 ProcessOne
%%% @author Christophe Romain <<PRESIDIO_ANONYMIZED_EMAIL_ADDRESS>>
%%%   [http://www.process-one.net/]
%%% @version {@vsn}, {@date} {@time}
%%% @end
%%% ====================================================================

%%% @todo The item table should be handled by the plugin, but plugin that do
%%% not want to manage it should be able to use the default behaviour.
%%% @todo Plugin modules should be able to register to receive presence update
%%% send to pubsub.

%%% @doc The module <strong>{@module}</strong> is the default PubSub plugin.
%%% <p>It is used as a default for all unknown PubSub node type.  It can serve
%%% as a developer basis and reference to build its own custom pubsub node
%%% types.</p>
%%% <p>PubSub plugin nodes are using the {@link gen_node} behaviour.</p>
%%% <p><strong>The API isn't stabilized yet</strong>. The pubsub plugin
%%% development is still a work in progress. However, the system is already
%%% useable and useful as is. Please, send us comments, feedback and
%%% improvements.</p>

-module(node_hometree_odbc).

-author('christophe.romain@process-one.net').

-include("pubsub.hrl").

-include("jlib.hrl").

-define(PUBSUB, mod_pubsub_odbc).

-behaviour(gen_pubsub_node).

%% API definition
-export([init/3, terminate/2, options/0, features/0,
	 create_node_permission/6, create_node/2, delete_node/1,
	 purge_node/2, subscribe_node/8, unsubscribe_node/4,
	 publish_item/6, delete_item/4, remove_extra_items/3,
	 get_entity_affiliations/2, get_node_affiliations/1,
	 get_affiliation/2, set_affiliation/3,
	 get_entity_subscriptions/2,
	 get_entity_subscriptions_for_send_last/2,
	 get_node_subscriptions/1, get_subscriptions/2,
	 set_subscriptions/4, get_pending_nodes/2, get_states/1,
	 get_state/2, set_state/1, get_items/7, get_items/6,
	 get_items/3, get_items/2, get_item/7, get_item/2,
	 set_item/1, get_item_name/3, get_last_items/3,
	 path_to_node/1, node_to_path/1]).

-export([decode_jid/1,
	 decode_affiliation/1, decode_subscriptions/1,
	 encode_jid/1, encode_affiliation/1,
	 encode_subscriptions/1]).

%% ================
%% API definition
%% ================

%% @spec (Host, ServerHost, Opts) -> any()
%%	 Host = mod_pubsub:host()
%%	 ServerHost = mod_pubsub:host()
%%	 Opts = list()
%% @doc <p>Called during pubsub modules initialisation. Any pubsub plugin must
%% implement this function. It can return anything.</p>
%% <p>This function is mainly used to trigger the setup task necessary for the
%% plugin. It can be used for example by the developer to create the specific
%% module database schema if it does not exists yet.</p>
init(_Host, _ServerHost, _Opts) ->
    pubsub_subscription_odbc:init(), ok.

%% @spec (Host, ServerHost) -> any()
%%	 Host = mod_pubsub:host()
%%	 ServerHost = host()
%% @doc <p>Called during pubsub modules termination. Any pubsub plugin must
%% implement this function. It can return anything.</p>
terminate(_Host, _ServerHost) -> ok.

%% @spec () -> [Option]
%%	 Option = mod_pubsub:nodeOption()
%% @doc Returns the default pubsub node options.
%% <p>Example of function return value:</p>
%%	```
%%	 [{deliver_payloads, true},
%%	  {notify_config, false},
%%	  {notify_delete, false},
%%	  {notify_retract, true},
%%	  {persist_items, true},
%%	  {max_items, 10},
%%	  {subscribe, true},
%%	  {access_model, open},
%%	  {publish_model, publishers},
%%	  {max_payload_size, 100000},
%%	  {send_last_published_item, never},
%%	  {presence_based_delivery, false}]'''
-spec(options/0 :: () -> NodeOptions::mod_pubsub:nodeOptions()).
options() ->
    [{deliver_payloads, true}, {notify_config, false},
     {notify_delete, false}, {notify_retract, true},
     {purge_offline, false}, {persist_items, true},
     {max_items, ?MAXITEMS}, {subscribe, true},
     {access_model, open}, {roster_groups_allowed, []},
     {publish_model, publishers},
     {notification_type, headline},
     {max_payload_size, ?MAX_PAYLOAD_SIZE},
     {send_last_published_item, on_sub_and_presence},
     {deliver_notifications, true},
     {presence_based_delivery, false}, {odbc, true},
     {rsm, true}].

%% @spec () -> []
%% @doc Returns the node features
-spec(features/0 :: () -> Features::[Feature::binary(),...]).
features() ->
    [<<"create-nodes">>, <<"auto-create">>,
     <<"access-authorize">>, <<"delete-nodes">>,
     <<"delete-items">>, <<"get-pending">>,
     <<"instant-nodes">>, <<"manage-subscriptions">>,
     <<"modify-affiliations">>, <<"multi-subscribe">>,
     <<"outcast-affiliation">>, <<"persistent-items">>,
     <<"publish">>, <<"purge-nodes">>, <<"retract-items">>,
     <<"retrieve-affiliations">>, <<"retrieve-items">>,
     <<"retrieve-subscriptions">>, <<"subscribe">>,
     <<"subscription-notifications">>,
     <<"subscription-options">>, <<"rsm">>].

%% @spec (Host, ServerHost, Node, ParentNode, Owner, Access) -> bool()
%%	 Host = mod_pubsub:host()
%%	 ServerHost = mod_pubsub:host()
%%	 Node = mod_pubsub:pubsubNode()
%%	 ParentNode = mod_pubsub:pubsubNode()
%%	 Owner = mod_pubsub:jid()
%%	 Access = all | atom()
%% @doc Checks if the current user has the permission to create the requested node
%% <p>In {@link node_default}, the permission is decided by the place in the
%% hierarchy where the user is creating the node. The access parameter is also
%% checked in the default module. This parameter depends on the value of the
%% <tt>access_createnode</tt> ACL value in ejabberd config file.</p>
%% <p>This function also check that node can be created a a children of its
%% parent node</p>
%% <p>PubSub plugins can redefine the PubSub node creation rights as they
%% which. They can simply delegate this check to the {@link node_default}
%% module by implementing this function like this:
%% ```check_create_user_permission(Host, ServerHost, Node, ParentNode, Owner, Access) ->
%%	   node_default:check_create_user_permission(Host, ServerHost, Node, ParentNode, Owner, Access).'''</p>
-spec(create_node_permission/6 ::
(
  Host        :: mod_pubsub:host(),
  ServerHost  :: binary(),
  Node        :: mod_pubsub:nodeId(),
  _ParentNode :: _,
  Owner       :: jid(),
  Access      :: atom())
    -> {result, boolean()}
).
create_node_permission(Host, ServerHost, Node, _ParentNode, Owner, Access) ->
    LOwner = jlib:jid_tolower(Owner),
    {User, Server, _Resource} = LOwner,
    Allowed = case LOwner of
		{<<"">>, Host, <<"">>} ->
		    true; % pubsub service always allowed
		_ ->
		    case acl:match_rule(ServerHost, Access, LOwner) of
		      allow ->
			  case node_to_path(Node) of
			    [<<"home">>, Server, User | _] -> true;
			    _ -> false
			  end;
		      _ -> false
		    end
	      end,
    {result, Allowed}.

%% @spec (NodeId, Owner) ->
%%		  {result, Result} | exit
%%	 NodeId = mod_pubsub:pubsubNodeId()
%%	 Owner = mod_pubsub:jid()
%% @doc <p></p>
-spec(create_node/2 ::
(
  NodeIdx :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
  Owner   :: jid())
    -> {result, {default, broadcast}}
).
create_node(NodeIdx, Owner) ->
    OwnerKey = jlib:jid_tolower(jlib:jid_remove_resource(Owner)),
    State = #pubsub_state{stateid = {OwnerKey, NodeIdx}, affiliation = owner},
    catch
      ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"insert into pubsub_state(nodeid, jid, "
				   "affiliation, subscriptions) values(">>,
				 state_to_raw(NodeIdx, State), <<");">>]),
    {result, {default, broadcast}}.

%% @spec (Removed) -> ok
%%	 Removed = [mod_pubsub:pubsubNode()]
%% @doc <p>purge items of deleted nodes after effective deletion.</p>
-spec(delete_node/1 ::
(
  Removed :: [mod_pubsub:pubsubNode(),...])
    -> {result, {default, broadcast, _}}
).
delete_node(Removed) ->
    Reply = lists:map(fun (#pubsub_node{id = NodeId} =
			       PubsubNode) ->
			      Subscriptions = case catch
						     ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select jid, subscriptions from pubsub_state "
										  "where nodeid='">>,
										NodeId,
										<<"';">>])
						  of
						{selected,
						 [<<"jid">>,
						  <<"subscriptions">>],
						 RItems} ->
						    lists:map(fun ([SJID,
								    Subscriptions]) ->
								      {decode_jid(SJID),
								       decode_subscriptions(Subscriptions)}
							      end,
							      RItems);
						_ -> []
					      end,
			      {PubsubNode, Subscriptions}
		      end,
		      Removed),
    {result, {default, broadcast, Reply}}.

%% @spec (NodeId, Sender, Subscriber, AccessModel, SendLast, PresenceSubscription, RosterGroup, Options) ->
%%		 {error, Reason} | {result, Result}
%% @doc <p>Accepts or rejects subcription requests on a PubSub node.</p>
%% <p>The mechanism works as follow:
%% <ul>
%% <li>The main PubSub module prepares the subscription and passes the
%% result of the preparation as a record.</li>
%% <li>This function gets the prepared record and several other parameters and
%% can decide to:<ul>
%%  <li>reject the subscription;</li>
%%  <li>allow it as is, letting the main module perform the database
%%  persistance;</li>
%%  <li>allow it, modifying the record. The main module will store the
%%  modified record;</li>
%%  <li>allow it, but perform the needed persistance operations.</li></ul>
%% </li></ul></p>
%% <p>The selected behaviour depends on the return parameter:
%%  <ul>
%%   <li><tt>{error, Reason}</tt>: an IQ error result will be returned. No
%%   subscription will actually be performed.</li>
%%   <li><tt>true</tt>: Subscribe operation is allowed, based on the
%%   unmodified record passed in parameter <tt>SubscribeResult</tt>. If this
%%   parameter contains an error, no subscription will be performed.</li>
%%   <li><tt>{true, PubsubState}</tt>: Subscribe operation is allowed, but
%%   the {@link mod_pubsub:pubsubState()} record returned replaces the value
%%   passed in parameter <tt>SubscribeResult</tt>.</li>
%%   <li><tt>{true, done}</tt>: Subscribe operation is allowed, but the
%%   {@link mod_pubsub:pubsubState()} will be considered as already stored and
%%   no further persistance operation will be performed. This case is used,
%%   when the plugin module is doing the persistance by itself or when it want
%%   to completly disable persistance.</li></ul>
%% </p>
%% <p>In the default plugin module, the record is unchanged.</p>
-spec(subscribe_node/8 ::
(
  NodeIdx              :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
  Sender               :: jid(),
  Subscriber           :: ljid(),
  AccessModel          :: mod_pubsub:accessModel(),
  SendLast             :: 'never' | 'on_sub' | 'on_sub_and_presence',
  PresenceSubscription :: boolean(),
  RosterGroup          :: boolean(),
  Options              :: mod_pubsub:subOptions())
    -> {result, {default, subscribed, mod_pubsub:subId()}}
     | {result, {default, subscribed, mod_pubsub:subId(), send_last}}
     | {result, {default, pending, mod_pubsub:subId()}}
    %%%
     | {error, _}
     | {error, _, binary()}
).
subscribe_node(NodeId, Sender, Subscriber, AccessModel,
	       SendLast, PresenceSubscription, RosterGroup, Options) ->
    SubKey = jlib:jid_tolower(Subscriber),
    GenKey = jlib:jid_remove_resource(SubKey),
    Authorized =
	jlib:jid_tolower(jlib:jid_remove_resource(Sender)) ==
	  GenKey,
    {Affiliation, Subscriptions} =
	select_affiliation_subscriptions(NodeId, GenKey,
					 SubKey),
    Whitelisted = lists:member(Affiliation,
			       [member, publisher, owner]),
    PendingSubscription = lists:any(fun ({pending, _}) ->
					    true;
					(_) -> false
				    end,
				    Subscriptions),
    if not Authorized ->
	   {error,
	    ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_BAD_REQUEST), <<"invalid-jid">>)};
       Affiliation == outcast -> {error, ?ERR_FORBIDDEN};
       PendingSubscription ->
	   {error,
	    ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_NOT_AUTHORIZED),
			  <<"pending-subscription">>)};
       (AccessModel == presence) and
	 not PresenceSubscription ->
	   {error,
	    ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_NOT_AUTHORIZED),
			  <<"presence-subscription-required">>)};
       (AccessModel == roster) and not RosterGroup ->
	   {error,
	    ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_NOT_AUTHORIZED),
			  <<"not-in-roster-group">>)};
       (AccessModel == whitelist) and not Whitelisted ->
	   {error,
	    ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_NOT_ALLOWED), <<"closed-node">>)};
       %%MustPay ->
       %%	% Payment is required for a subscription
       %%	{error, ?ERR_PAYMENT_REQUIRED};
       %%ForbiddenAnonymous ->
       %%	% Requesting entity is anonymous
       %%	{error, ?ERR_FORBIDDEN};
       true ->
	   {result, SubId} = pubsub_subscription_odbc:subscribe_node(Subscriber, NodeId, Options),
		 NewSub = case AccessModel of
			    authorize -> pending;
			    _ -> subscribed
			  end,
		 update_subscription(NodeId, SubKey,
				     [{NewSub, SubId} | Subscriptions]),
		 case {NewSub, SendLast} of
		   {subscribed, never} ->
		       {result, {default, subscribed, SubId}};
		   {subscribed, _} ->
		       {result, {default, subscribed, SubId, send_last}};
		   {_, _} -> {result, {default, pending, SubId}}
		 end
    end.

%% @spec (NodeId, Sender, Subscriber, SubId) ->
%%			{error, Reason} | {result, []}
%%	 NodeId = mod_pubsub:pubsubNodeId()
%%	 Sender = mod_pubsub:jid()
%%	 Subscriber = mod_pubsub:jid()
%%	 SubId = mod_pubsub:subid()
%%	 Reason = mod_pubsub:stanzaError()
%% @doc <p>Unsubscribe the <tt>Subscriber</tt> from the <tt>Node</tt>.</p>
-spec(unsubscribe_node/4 ::
(
  NodeIdx    :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
  Sender     :: jid(),
  Subscriber :: jid(),
  SubId      :: subId())
    -> {result, default}
     %
     | {error, _}
     | {error, _, binary()}
).
unsubscribe_node(NodeId, Sender, Subscriber, SubId) ->
    SubKey = jlib:jid_tolower(Subscriber),
    GenKey = jlib:jid_remove_resource(SubKey),
    Authorized =
	jlib:jid_tolower(jlib:jid_remove_resource(Sender)) ==
	  GenKey,
    {Affiliation, Subscriptions} =
	select_affiliation_subscriptions(NodeId, SubKey),
    SubIdExists = case SubId of
		    <<>> -> false;
		    List when is_binary(List) -> true;
		    _ -> false
		  end,
    if
      %% Requesting entity is prohibited from unsubscribing entity
      not Authorized -> {error, ?ERR_FORBIDDEN};
      %% Entity did not specify SubId
      %%SubId == "", ?? ->
      %%	{error, ?ERR_EXTENDED(?ERR_BAD_REQUEST, "subid-required")};
      %% Invalid subscription identifier
      %%InvalidSubId ->
      %%	{error, ?ERR_EXTENDED(?ERR_NOT_ACCEPTABLE, "invalid-subid")};
      %% Requesting entity is not a subscriber
      Subscriptions == [] ->
	  {error,
	   ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_UNEXPECTED_REQUEST_CANCEL),
			 <<"not-subscribed">>)};
      %% Subid supplied, so use that.
      SubIdExists ->
	  Sub = first_in_list(fun (S) ->
				      case S of
					{_Sub, SubId} -> true;
					_ -> false
				      end
			      end,
			      Subscriptions),
	  case Sub of
	    {value, S} ->
		delete_subscription(SubKey, NodeId, S, Affiliation,
				    Subscriptions),
		{result, default};
	    false ->
		{error,
		 ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_UNEXPECTED_REQUEST_CANCEL),
			       <<"not-subscribed">>)}
	  end;
      %% Asking to remove all subscriptions to the given node
      SubId == all ->
	  [delete_subscription(SubKey, NodeId, S, Affiliation,
			       Subscriptions)
	   || S <- Subscriptions],
	  {result, default};
      %% No subid supplied, but there's only one matching
      %% subscription, so use that.
      length(Subscriptions) == 1 ->
	  delete_subscription(SubKey, NodeId, hd(Subscriptions),
			      Affiliation, Subscriptions),
	  {result, default};
      %% No subid and more than one possible subscription match.
      true ->
	  {error,
	   ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_BAD_REQUEST), <<"subid-required">>)}
    end.

%-spec(delete_subscriptions/5 ::
%(
%  SubKey        :: ljid(),
%  NodeIdx       :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
%  _             :: {mod_pubsub:subscription(), mod_pubsub:subId()},
%  SubState      :: mod_pubsub:pubsubState(),
%  Subscriptions :: [{mod_pubsub:subscription(), mod_pubsub:subId()}])
%    -> ok
%).
delete_subscription(SubKey, NodeIdx,
		    {Subscription, SubId}, Affiliation, Subscriptions) ->
    NewSubs = Subscriptions -- [{Subscription, SubId}],
    pubsub_subscription_odbc:unsubscribe_node(SubKey, NodeIdx, SubId),
    case {Affiliation, NewSubs} of
      {none, []} -> del_state(NodeIdx, SubKey);
      _ -> update_subscription(NodeIdx, SubKey, NewSubs)
    end.

%% @spec (NodeId, Publisher, PublishModel, MaxItems, ItemId, Payload) ->
%%		 {true, PubsubItem} | {result, Reply}
%%	 NodeId = mod_pubsub:pubsubNodeId()
%%	 Publisher = mod_pubsub:jid()
%%	 PublishModel = atom()
%%	 MaxItems = integer()
%%	 ItemId = string()
%%	 Payload = term()
%% @doc <p>Publishes the item passed as parameter.</p>
%% <p>The mechanism works as follow:
%% <ul>
%% <li>The main PubSub module prepares the item to publish and passes the
%% result of the preparation as a {@link mod_pubsub:pubsubItem()} record.</li>
%% <li>This function gets the prepared record and several other parameters and can decide to:<ul>
%%  <li>reject the publication;</li>
%%  <li>allow the publication as is, letting the main module perform the database persistance;</li>
%%  <li>allow the publication, modifying the record. The main module will store the modified record;</li>
%%  <li>allow it, but perform the needed persistance operations.</li></ul>
%% </li></ul></p>
%% <p>The selected behaviour depends on the return parameter:
%%  <ul>
%%   <li><tt>{error, Reason}</tt>: an iq error result will be return. No
%%   publication is actually performed.</li>
%%   <li><tt>true</tt>: Publication operation is allowed, based on the
%%   unmodified record passed in parameter <tt>Item</tt>. If the <tt>Item</tt>
%%   parameter contains an error, no subscription will actually be
%%   performed.</li>
%%   <li><tt>{true, Item}</tt>: Publication operation is allowed, but the
%%   {@link mod_pubsub:pubsubItem()} record returned replaces the value passed
%%   in parameter <tt>Item</tt>. The persistance will be performed by the main
%%   module.</li>
%%   <li><tt>{true, done}</tt>: Publication operation is allowed, but the
%%   {@link mod_pubsub:pubsubItem()} will be considered as already stored and
%%   no further persistance operation will be performed. This case is used,
%%   when the plugin module is doing the persistance by itself or when it want
%%   to completly disable persistance.</li></ul>
%% </p>
%% <p>In the default plugin module, the record is unchanged.</p>

-spec(publish_item/6 ::
(
  NodeIdx      :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
  Publisher    :: jid(),
  PublishModel :: mod_pubsub:publishModel(),
  Max_Items    :: non_neg_integer(),
  ItemId       :: <<>> | mod_pubsub:itemId(),
  Payload      :: mod_pubsub:payload())
    -> {result, {default, broadcast, [mod_pubsub:itemId()]}}
    %%%
     | {error, _}
).
publish_item(NodeIdx, Publisher, PublishModel, MaxItems, ItemId, Payload) ->
    SubKey = jlib:jid_tolower(Publisher),
    GenKey = jlib:jid_remove_resource(SubKey),
    {Affiliation, Subscriptions} =
	select_affiliation_subscriptions(NodeIdx, GenKey, SubKey),
    Subscribed = case PublishModel of
		   subscribers -> is_subscribed(Subscriptions);
		   _ -> undefined
		 end,
    if not
	 ((PublishModel == open) or
	    (PublishModel == publishers) and
	      ((Affiliation == owner) or (Affiliation == publisher))
	    or (Subscribed == true)) ->
	   {error, ?ERR_FORBIDDEN};
       true ->
	   if MaxItems > 0 ->
		  PubId = {now(), SubKey},
		  set_item(#pubsub_item{itemid = {ItemId, NodeIdx},
					creation = {now(), GenKey},
					modification = PubId,
					payload = Payload}),
		  Items = [ItemId | itemids(NodeIdx, GenKey) -- [ItemId]],
		  {result, {_, OI}} = remove_extra_items(NodeIdx, MaxItems, Items),
		  {result, {default, broadcast, OI}};
	      true -> {result, {default, broadcast, []}}
	   end
    end.

%% @spec (NodeId, MaxItems, ItemIds) -> {NewItemIds,OldItemIds}
%%	 NodeId = mod_pubsub:pubsubNodeId()
%%	 MaxItems = integer() | unlimited
%%	 ItemIds = [ItemId::string()]
%%	 NewItemIds = [ItemId::string()]
%% @doc <p>This function is used to remove extra items, most notably when the
%% maximum number of items has been reached.</p>
%% <p>This function is used internally by the core PubSub module, as no
%% permission check is performed.</p>
%% <p>In the default plugin module, the oldest items are removed, but other
%% rules can be used.</p>
%% <p>If another PubSub plugin wants to delegate the item removal (and if the
%% plugin is using the default pubsub storage), it can implements this function like this:
%% ```remove_extra_items(NodeId, MaxItems, ItemIds) ->
%%	   node_default:remove_extra_items(NodeId, MaxItems, ItemIds).'''</p>
remove_extra_items(_NodeId, unlimited, ItemIds) ->
    {result, {ItemIds, []}};
remove_extra_items(NodeId, MaxItems, ItemIds) ->
    NewItems = lists:sublist(ItemIds, MaxItems),
    OldItems = lists:nthtail(length(NewItems), ItemIds),
    del_items(NodeId, OldItems),
    {result, {NewItems, OldItems}}.

%% @spec (NodeId, Publisher, PublishModel, ItemId) ->
%%		  {error, Reason::stanzaError()} |
%%		  {result, []}
%%	 NodeId = mod_pubsub:pubsubNodeId()
%%	 Publisher = mod_pubsub:jid()
%%	 PublishModel = atom()
%%	 ItemId = string()
%% @doc <p>Triggers item deletion.</p>
%% <p>Default plugin: The user performing the deletion must be the node owner
%% or a publisher.</p>
-spec(delete_item/4 ::
(
  NodeIdx      :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
  Publisher    :: jid(),
  PublishModel :: mod_pubsub:publishModel(),
  ItemId       :: <<>> | mod_pubsub:itemId())
    -> {result, {default, broadcast}}
    %%%
     | {error, _}
).
delete_item(NodeIdx, Publisher, PublishModel, ItemId) ->
    SubKey = jlib:jid_tolower(Publisher),
    GenKey = jlib:jid_remove_resource(SubKey),
    {result, Affiliation} = get_affiliation(NodeIdx, GenKey),
    Allowed = Affiliation == publisher orelse
		Affiliation == owner orelse
		  PublishModel == open orelse
		    case get_item(NodeIdx, ItemId) of
		      {result, #pubsub_item{creation = {_, GenKey}}} -> true;
		      _ -> false
		    end,
    if not Allowed -> {error, ?ERR_FORBIDDEN};
       true ->
	   case del_item(NodeIdx, ItemId) of
	     {updated, 1} -> {result, {default, broadcast}};
	     _ -> {error, ?ERR_ITEM_NOT_FOUND}
	   end
    end.

%% @spec (NodeId, Owner) ->
%%		  {error, Reason::stanzaError()} |
%%		  {result, {default, broadcast}}
%%	 NodeId = mod_pubsub:pubsubNodeId()
%%	 Owner = mod_pubsub:jid()
-spec(purge_node/2 ::
(
  NodeIdx :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
  Owner   :: jid())
    -> {result, {default, broadcast}}
     | {error, _}
).
purge_node(NodeIdx, Owner) ->
    SubKey = jlib:jid_tolower(Owner),
    GenKey = jlib:jid_remove_resource(SubKey),
    GenState = get_state(NodeIdx, GenKey),
    case GenState of
      #pubsub_state{affiliation = owner} ->
	  {result, States} = get_states(NodeIdx),
	  lists:foreach(fun (#pubsub_state{items = []}) -> ok;
			    (#pubsub_state{items = Items}) ->
				del_items(NodeIdx, Items)
			end,
			States),
	  {result, {default, broadcast}};
      _ -> {error, ?ERR_FORBIDDEN}
    end.

%% @spec (Host, JID) -> [{Node,Affiliation}]
%%	 Host = host()
%%	 JID = mod_pubsub:jid()
%% @doc <p>Return the current affiliations for the given user</p>
%% <p>The default module reads affiliations in the main Mnesia
%% <tt>pubsub_state</tt> table. If a plugin stores its data in the same
%% table, it should return an empty list, as the affiliation will be read by
%% the default PubSub module. Otherwise, it should return its own affiliation,
%% that will be added to the affiliation stored in the main
%% <tt>pubsub_state</tt> table.</p>
-spec(get_entity_affiliations/2 ::
(
  Host  :: mod_pubsub:hostPubsub(),
  Owner :: jid())
    -> {result, [{mod_pubsub:pubsubNode(), mod_pubsub:affiliation()}]}
).
get_entity_affiliations(Host, Owner) ->
    SubKey = jlib:jid_tolower(Owner),
    GenKey = jlib:jid_remove_resource(SubKey),
    H = (?PUBSUB):escape(Host),
    J = encode_jid(GenKey),
    Reply = case catch
		   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select node, type, i.nodeid, affiliation "
						"from pubsub_state i, pubsub_node n where "
						"i.nodeid = n.nodeid and jid='">>,
					      J, <<"' and host='">>, H,
					      <<"';">>])
		of
	      {selected,
	       [<<"node">>, <<"type">>, <<"nodeid">>,
		<<"affiliation">>],
	       RItems} ->
		  lists:map(fun ([N, T, I, A]) ->
				    Node = nodetree_tree_odbc:raw_to_node(Host,
									  [N,
									   <<"">>,
									   T,
									   I]),
				    {Node, decode_affiliation(A)}
			    end,
			    RItems);
	      _ -> []
	    end,
    {result, Reply}.

-spec(get_node_affiliations/1 ::
(
  NodeIdx::mod_pubsub:nodeIdx())
    -> {result, [{ljid(), mod_pubsub:affiliation()}]}
).
get_node_affiliations(NodeIdx) ->
    Reply = case catch
		   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select jid, affiliation from pubsub_state "
						"where nodeid='">>,
					      NodeIdx, <<"';">>])
		of
	      {selected, [<<"jid">>, <<"affiliation">>], RItems} ->
		  lists:map(fun ([J, A]) ->
				    {decode_jid(J), decode_affiliation(A)}
			    end,
			    RItems);
	      _ -> []
	    end,
    {result, Reply}.

-spec(get_affiliation/2 ::
(
  NodeIdx :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
  Owner   :: ljid())
    -> {result, mod_pubsub:affiliation()}
).

get_affiliation(NodeIdx, Owner) ->
    SubKey = jlib:jid_tolower(Owner),
    GenKey = jlib:jid_remove_resource(SubKey),
    J = encode_jid(GenKey),
    Reply = case catch
		   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select affiliation from pubsub_state "
						"where nodeid='">>,
					      NodeIdx, <<"' and jid='">>, J,
					      <<"';">>])
		of
	      {selected, [<<"affiliation">>], [[A]]} ->
		  decode_affiliation(A);
	      _ -> none
	    end,
    {result, Reply}.

-spec(set_affiliation/3 ::
(
  NodeIdx     :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
  Owner       :: ljid(),
  Affiliation :: mod_pubsub:affiliation())
    -> ok
).
set_affiliation(NodeIdx, Owner, Affiliation) ->
    SubKey = jlib:jid_tolower(Owner),
    GenKey = jlib:jid_remove_resource(SubKey),
    {_, Subscriptions} = select_affiliation_subscriptions(NodeIdx, GenKey),
    case {Affiliation, Subscriptions} of
      {none, none} -> del_state(NodeIdx, GenKey);
      _ -> update_affiliation(NodeIdx, GenKey, Affiliation)
    end.

%% @spec (Host, Owner) -> [{Node,Subscription}]
%%	 Host = host()
%%	 Owner = mod_pubsub:jid()
%% @doc <p>Return the current subscriptions for the given user</p>
%% <p>The default module reads subscriptions in the main Mnesia
%% <tt>pubsub_state</tt> table. If a plugin stores its data in the same
%% table, it should return an empty list, as the affiliation will be read by
%% the default PubSub module. Otherwise, it should return its own affiliation,
%% that will be added to the affiliation stored in the main
%% <tt>pubsub_state</tt> table.</p>

-spec(get_entity_subscriptions/2 ::
(
  Host :: mod_pubsub:host(),
  Owner :: jid())
    -> {result,
          [{mod_pubsub:pubsubNode(),
            mod_pubsub:subscription(),
            mod_pubsub:subId(),
            ljid()}]
       }
).
get_entity_subscriptions(Host, Owner) ->
    SubKey = jlib:jid_tolower(Owner),
    GenKey = jlib:jid_remove_resource(SubKey),
    H = (?PUBSUB):escape(Host),
    SJ = encode_jid(SubKey),
    GJ = encode_jid(GenKey),
    Query = case SubKey of
	      GenKey ->
		  [<<"select node, type, i.nodeid, jid, subscriptio"
		     "ns from pubsub_state i, pubsub_node "
		     "n where i.nodeid = n.nodeid and jid "
		     "like '">>,
		   GJ, <<"%' and host='">>, H, <<"';">>];
	      _ ->
		  [<<"select node, type, i.nodeid, jid, subscriptio"
		     "ns from pubsub_state i, pubsub_node "
		     "n where i.nodeid = n.nodeid and jid "
		     "in ('">>,
		   SJ, <<"', '">>, GJ, <<"') and host='">>, H, <<"';">>]
	    end,
    Reply = case catch ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t(Query) of
	      {selected,
	       [<<"node">>, <<"type">>, <<"nodeid">>, <<"jid">>,
		<<"subscriptions">>],
	       RItems} ->
		  lists:foldl(fun ([N, T, I, J, S], Acc) ->
				      Node =
					  nodetree_tree_odbc:raw_to_node(Host,
									 [N,
									  <<"">>,
									  T,
									  I]),
				      Jid = decode_jid(J),
				      case decode_subscriptions(S) of
					[] -> [{Node, none, Jid} | Acc];
					Subs ->
					    lists:foldl(fun ({Sub, SubId}, Acc2) ->
								[{Node, Sub, SubId, Jid} | Acc2]
							end,
							Acc, Subs)
				      end
			      end,
			      [], RItems);
	      _ -> []
	    end,
    {result, Reply}.

%% do the same as get_entity_subscriptions but filter result only to
%% nodes having send_last_published_item=on_sub_and_presence
%% as this call avoid seeking node, it must return node and type as well
-spec(get_entity_subscriptions_for_send_last/2 ::
(
  Host :: mod_pubsub:hostPubsub(),
  Owner :: jid())
    -> {result,
          [{mod_pubsub:pubsubNode(),
            mod_pubsub:subscription(),
            mod_pubsub:subId(),
            ljid()}]
       }
).

get_entity_subscriptions_for_send_last(Host, Owner) ->
    SubKey = jlib:jid_tolower(Owner),
    GenKey = jlib:jid_remove_resource(SubKey),
    H = (?PUBSUB):escape(Host),
    SJ = encode_jid(SubKey),
    GJ = encode_jid(GenKey),
    Query = case SubKey of
	      GenKey ->
		  [<<"select node, type, i.nodeid, jid, subscriptio"
		     "ns from pubsub_state i, pubsub_node "
		     "n, pubsub_node_option o where i.nodeid "
		     "= n.nodeid and n.nodeid = o.nodeid and "
		     "name='send_last_published_item' and "
		     "val='on_sub_and_presence' and jid like "
		     "'">>,
		   GJ, <<"%' and host='">>, H, <<"';">>];
	      _ ->
		  [<<"select node, type, i.nodeid, jid, subscriptio"
		     "ns from pubsub_state i, pubsub_node "
		     "n, pubsub_node_option o where i.nodeid "
		     "= n.nodeid and n.nodeid = o.nodeid and "
		     "name='send_last_published_item' and "
		     "val='on_sub_and_presence' and jid in "
		     "('">>,
		   SJ, <<"', '">>, GJ, <<"') and host='">>, H, <<"';">>]
	    end,
    Reply = case catch ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t(Query) of
	      {selected,
	       [<<"node">>, <<"type">>, <<"nodeid">>, <<"jid">>,
		<<"subscriptions">>],
	       RItems} ->
		  lists:foldl(fun ([N, T, I, J, S], Acc) ->
				      Node =
					  nodetree_tree_odbc:raw_to_node(Host,
									 [N,
									  <<"">>,
									  T,
									  I]),
				      Jid = decode_jid(J),
				      case decode_subscriptions(S) of
					[] -> [{Node, none, Jid} | Acc];
					Subs ->
					    lists:foldl(fun ({Sub, SubId}, Acc2) ->
								[{Node, Sub, SubId, Jid}| Acc2]
							end,
							Acc, Subs)
				      end
			      end,
			      [], RItems);
	      _ -> []
	    end,
    {result, Reply}.

-spec(get_node_subscriptions/1 ::
(
  NodeIdx::mod_pubsub:nodeIdx())
    -> {result, [{ljid(), mod_pubsub:subscription(), mod_pubsub:subId()}]}
).
get_node_subscriptions(NodeIdx) ->
    Reply = case catch
		   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select jid, subscriptions from pubsub_state "
						"where nodeid='">>,
					      NodeIdx, <<"';">>])
		of
	      {selected, [<<"jid">>, <<"subscriptions">>], RItems} ->
		  lists:foldl(fun ([J, S], Acc) ->
				      Jid = decode_jid(J),
				      case decode_subscriptions(S) of
					[] -> [{Jid, none} | Acc];
					Subs ->
					    lists:foldl(fun ({Sub, SubId}, Acc2) ->
								[{Jid, Sub, SubId} | Acc2]
							end,
							Acc, Subs)
				      end
			      end,
			      [], RItems);
	      _ -> []
	    end,
    {result, Reply}.

-spec(get_subscriptions/2 ::
(
  NodeIdx :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
  Owner   :: ljid())
    -> {result, [{mod_pubsub:subscription(), mod_pubsub:subId()}]}
).
get_subscriptions(NodeIdx, Owner) ->
    SubKey = jlib:jid_tolower(Owner),
    J = encode_jid(SubKey),
    Reply = case catch
		   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select subscriptions from pubsub_state "
						"where nodeid='">>,
					      NodeIdx, <<"' and jid='">>, J,
					      <<"';">>])
		of
	      {selected, [<<"subscriptions">>], [[S]]} ->
		  decode_subscriptions(S);
	      _ -> []
	    end,
    {result, Reply}.

-spec(set_subscriptions/4 ::
(
  NodeIdx      :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
  Owner        :: jid(),
  Subscription :: mod_pubsub:subscription(),
  SubId        :: mod_pubsub:subId())
    -> _
    %%%
     | {error, xmlel()}
).
set_subscriptions(NodeIdx, Owner, Subscription, SubId) ->
    SubKey = jlib:jid_tolower(Owner),
    SubState = get_state_without_itemids(NodeIdx, SubKey),
    case {SubId, SubState#pubsub_state.subscriptions} of
      {_, []} ->
	  case Subscription of
	    none ->
		{error,
		 ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_BAD_REQUEST),
			       <<"not-subscribed">>)};
	    _ ->
		new_subscription(NodeIdx, Owner, Subscription, SubState)
	  end;
      {<<"">>, [{_, SID}]} ->
	  case Subscription of
	    none -> unsub_with_subid(NodeIdx, SID, SubState);
	    _ -> replace_subscription({Subscription, SID}, SubState)
	  end;
      {<<"">>, [_ | _]} ->
	  {error,
	   ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_BAD_REQUEST),
			 <<"subid-required">>)};
      _ ->
	  case Subscription of
	    none -> unsub_with_subid(NodeIdx, SubId, SubState);
	    _ ->
		replace_subscription({Subscription, SubId}, SubState)
	  end
    end.

-spec(replace_subscription/2 ::
(
  NewSub :: {mod_pubsub:subscription(), mod_pubsub:subId()},
  SubState :: mod_pubsub:pubsubState())
    -> {result, []}
).
replace_subscription(NewSub, SubState) ->
    NewSubs = replace_subscription(NewSub, SubState#pubsub_state.subscriptions, []),
    set_state(SubState#pubsub_state{subscriptions = NewSubs}).

replace_subscription(_, [], Acc) -> Acc;
replace_subscription({Sub, SubId}, [{_, SubID} | T], Acc) ->
    replace_subscription({Sub, SubId}, T, [{Sub, SubID} | Acc]).

-spec(new_subscription/4 ::
(
  NodeIdx      :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
  Owner        :: jid(),
  Subscription :: mod_pubsub:subscription(),
  SubState     :: mod_pubsub:pubsubState())
    -> {mod_pubsub:subscription(), mod_pubsub:subId()}
    %%%
     | {error, xmlel()}
).

new_subscription(NodeIdx, Owner, Subscription, SubState) ->
    case pubsub_subscription_odbc:subscribe_node(Owner, NodeIdx, []) of
      {result, SubId} ->
	  Subscriptions = SubState#pubsub_state.subscriptions,
	  set_state(SubState#pubsub_state{subscriptions =
					      [{Subscription, SubId} | Subscriptions]}),
	  {Subscription, SubId};
      _ -> {error, ?ERR_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR}
    end.

-spec(unsub_with_subid/3 ::
(
  NodeIdx :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
  SubId   :: mod_pubsub:subId(),
  SubState :: mod_pubsub:pubsubState())
    -> ok
).
unsub_with_subid(NodeIdx, SubId, SubState) ->
    pubsub_subscription_odbc:unsubscribe_node(SubState#pubsub_state.stateid,
					      NodeIdx, SubId),
    NewSubs = lists:filter(fun ({_, SID}) -> SubId =/= SID
			   end,
			   SubState#pubsub_state.subscriptions),
    case {NewSubs, SubState#pubsub_state.affiliation} of
      {[], none} ->
	  del_state(NodeIdx,
		    element(1, SubState#pubsub_state.stateid));
      _ ->
	  set_state(SubState#pubsub_state{subscriptions = NewSubs})
    end.

%% @spec (Host, Owner) -> {result, [Node]} | {error, Reason}
%%       Host = host()
%%       Owner = jid()
%%       Node = pubsubNode()
%% @doc <p>Returns a list of Owner's nodes on Host with pending
%% subscriptions.</p>
-spec(get_pending_nodes/2 ::
(
  Host  :: mod_pubsub:hostPubsub(),
  Owner :: jid())
    -> {result, [mod_pubsub:nodeId()]}
).
get_pending_nodes(Host, Owner) ->
    GenKey = jlib:jid_remove_resource(jlib:jid_tolower(Owner)),
    States = mnesia:match_object(#pubsub_state{stateid =
						   {GenKey, '_'},
					       affiliation = owner, _ = '_'}),
    NodeIDs = [ID
	       || #pubsub_state{stateid = {_, ID}} <- States],
    NodeTree = case catch
		      ets:lookup(gen_mod:get_module_proc(Host, config),
				 nodetree)
		   of
		 [{nodetree, N}] -> N;
		 _ -> nodetree_tree_odbc
	       end,
    Reply = mnesia:foldl(fun (#pubsub_state{stateid =
						{_, NID}} =
				  S,
			      Acc) ->
				 case lists:member(NID, NodeIDs) of
				   true ->
				       case get_nodes_helper(NodeTree, S) of
					 {value, Node} -> [Node | Acc];
					 false -> Acc
				       end;
				   false -> Acc
				 end
			 end,
			 [], pubsub_state),
    {result, Reply}.

get_nodes_helper(NodeTree,
		 #pubsub_state{stateid = {_, N},
			       subscriptions = Subs}) ->
    HasPending = fun ({pending, _}) -> true;
		     (pending) -> true;
		     (_) -> false
		 end,
    case lists:any(HasPending, Subs) of
      true ->
	  case NodeTree:get_node(N) of
	    #pubsub_node{nodeid = {_, Node}} -> {value, Node};
	    _ -> false
	  end;
      false -> false
    end.

%% @spec (NodeId) -> [States] | []
%%	 NodeId = mod_pubsub:pubsubNodeId()
%% @doc Returns the list of stored states for a given node.
%% <p>For the default PubSub module, states are stored in Mnesia database.</p>
%% <p>We can consider that the pubsub_state table have been created by the main
%% mod_pubsub module.</p>
%% <p>PubSub plugins can store the states where they wants (for example in a
%% relational database).</p>
%% <p>If a PubSub plugin wants to delegate the states storage to the default node,
%% they can implement this function like this:
%% ```get_states(NodeId) ->
%%	   node_default:get_states(NodeId).'''</p>
-spec(get_states/1 ::
(
  NodeIdx::mod_pubsub:nodeIdx())
    -> {result, [mod_pubsub:pubsubState()]}
).
get_states(NodeIdx) ->
    case catch
	   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select jid, affiliation, subscriptions "
					"from pubsub_state where nodeid='">>,
				      NodeIdx, <<"';">>])
	of
      {selected,
       [<<"jid">>, <<"affiliation">>, <<"subscriptions">>],
       RItems} ->
	  {result,
	   lists:map(fun ([SJID, Affiliation, Subscriptions]) ->
			     #pubsub_state{stateid = {decode_jid(SJID), NodeIdx},
					   items = itemids(NodeIdx, SJID),
					   affiliation = decode_affiliation(Affiliation),
					   subscriptions = decode_subscriptions(Subscriptions)}
		     end,
		     RItems)};
      _ -> {result, []}
    end.

%% @spec (NodeId, JID) -> [State] | []
%%	 NodeId = mod_pubsub:pubsubNodeId()
%%	 JID = mod_pubsub:jid()
%%	 State = mod_pubsub:pubsubItems()
%% @doc <p>Returns a state (one state list), given its reference.</p>

-spec(get_state/2 ::
(
  NodeIdx :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
  JID     :: ljid())
    -> mod_pubsub:pubsubState()
).
get_state(NodeIdx, JID) ->
    State = get_state_without_itemids(NodeIdx, JID),
    {SJID, _} = State#pubsub_state.stateid,
    State#pubsub_state{items = itemids(NodeIdx, SJID)}.

-spec(get_state_without_itemids/2 ::
(
  NodeIdx :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
  JID     :: jid())
    -> mod_pubsub:pubsubState()
).
get_state_without_itemids(NodeIdx, JID) ->
    J = encode_jid(JID),
    case catch
	   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select jid, affiliation, subscriptions "
					"from pubsub_state where jid='">>,
				      J, <<"' and nodeid='">>, NodeIdx,
				      <<"';">>])
	of
      {selected,
       [<<"jid">>, <<"affiliation">>, <<"subscriptions">>],
       [[SJID, Affiliation, Subscriptions]]} ->
	  #pubsub_state{stateid = {decode_jid(SJID), NodeIdx},
			affiliation = decode_affiliation(Affiliation),
			subscriptions = decode_subscriptions(Subscriptions)};
      _ -> #pubsub_state{stateid = {JID, NodeIdx}}
    end.

%% @spec (State) -> ok | {error, Reason::stanzaError()}
%%	 State = mod_pubsub:pubsubStates()
%% @doc <p>Write a state into database.</p>

-spec(set_state/1 ::
(
  State :: mod_pubsub:pubsubState())
    -> {result, []}
).
set_state(State) ->
    {_, NodeIdx} = State#pubsub_state.stateid,
    set_state(NodeIdx, State).

-spec(set_state/2 ::
(
  NodeIdx :: mod_pubsub:nodeIdx(),
  State   :: mod_pubsub:pubsubState())
    -> {result, []}
).
set_state(NodeIdx, State) ->
    {JID, _} = State#pubsub_state.stateid,
    J = encode_jid(JID),
    S = encode_subscriptions(State#pubsub_state.subscriptions),
    A = encode_affiliation(State#pubsub_state.affiliation),
    case catch
	   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"update pubsub_state set subscriptions='">>,
				      S, <<"', affiliation='">>, A,
				      <<"' where nodeid='">>, NodeIdx,
				      <<"' and jid='">>, J, <<"';">>])
	of
      {updated, 1} -> ok;
      _ ->
	  catch
	    ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"insert into pubsub_state(nodeid, jid, "
					 "affiliation, subscriptions) values('">>,
				       NodeIdx, <<"', '">>, J, <<"', '">>, A,
				       <<"', '">>, S, <<"');">>])
    end,
    {result, []}.

%% @spec (NodeId, JID) -> ok | {error, Reason::stanzaError()}
%%	 NodeId = mod_pubsub:pubsubNodeId()
%%	 JID = mod_pubsub:jid()
%% @doc <p>Delete a state from database.</p>
del_state(NodeId, JID) ->
    J = encode_jid(JID),
    catch
      ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"delete from pubsub_state where jid='">>,
				 J, <<"' and nodeid='">>, NodeId, <<"';">>]),
    ok.

%% @spec (NodeId, From) -> {[Items],RsmOut} | []
%%	 NodeId = mod_pubsub:pubsubNodeId()
%%	 Items = mod_pubsub:pubsubItems()
%% @doc Returns the list of stored items for a given node.
%% <p>For the default PubSub module, items are stored in Mnesia database.</p>
%% <p>We can consider that the pubsub_item table have been created by the main
%% mod_pubsub module.</p>
%% <p>PubSub plugins can store the items where they wants (for example in a
%% relational database), or they can even decide not to persist any items.</p>
%% <p>If a PubSub plugin wants to delegate the item storage to the default node,
%% they can implement this function like this:
%% ```get_items(NodeId, From) ->
%%	   node_default:get_items(NodeId, From).'''</p>
get_items(NodeId, _From) ->
    case catch
	   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select itemid, publisher, creation, "
					"modification, payload from pubsub_item "
					"where nodeid='">>,
				      NodeId,
				      <<"' order by modification desc;">>])
	of
      {selected,
       [<<"itemid">>, <<"publisher">>, <<"creation">>,
	<<"modification">>, <<"payload">>],
       RItems} ->
	  {result,
	   lists:map(fun (RItem) -> raw_to_item(NodeId, RItem) end,
		     RItems)};
      _ -> {result, []}
    end.

get_items(NodeId, From, none) ->
    MaxItems = case catch
		      ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select val from pubsub_node_option where "
						   "nodeid='">>,
						 NodeId,
						 <<"' and name='max_items';">>])
		   of
		 {selected, [<<"val">>], [[Value]]} ->
		     Tokens = element(2,
				erl_scan:string(binary_to_list(<<Value/binary, ".">>))),
		     element(2, erl_parse:parse_term(Tokens));
		 _ -> ?MAXITEMS
	       end,
    get_items(NodeId, From, #rsm_in{max = MaxItems});
get_items(NodeId, _From,
	  #rsm_in{max = M, direction = Direction, id = I,
		  index = IncIndex}) ->
    Max = (?PUBSUB):escape(jlib:i2l(M)),
    {Way, Order} = case Direction of
		     aft -> {<<"<">>, <<"desc">>};
		     before when I == <<>> -> {<<"is not">>, <<"asc">>};
		     before -> {<<">">>, <<"asc">>};
		     _ when IncIndex =/= undefined ->
			 {<<"<">>, <<"desc">>}; % using index
		     _ -> {<<"is not">>, <<"desc">>}% Can be better
		   end,
    [AttrName, Id] = case I of
		       undefined when IncIndex =/= undefined ->
			   case catch
				  ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select modification from pubsub_item "
							       "pi where exists ( select count(*) as "
							       "count1 from pubsub_item where nodeid='">>,
							     NodeId,
							     <<"' and modification > pi.modification "
							       "having count1 = ">>,
							     (?PUBSUB):escape(jlib:i2l(IncIndex)),
							     <<" );">>])
			       of
			     {selected, [_], [[O]]} ->
				 [<<"modification">>, <<"'", O/binary, "'">>];
			     _ -> [<<"modification">>, <<"null">>]
			   end;
		       undefined -> [<<"modification">>, <<"null">>];
		       <<>> -> [<<"modification">>, <<"null">>];
		       I ->
			   [A, B] = str:tokens((?PUBSUB):escape(jlib:i2l(I)),
					       <<"@">>),
			   [A, <<"'", B/binary, "'">>]
		     end,
    Count = case catch
		   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select count(*) from pubsub_item where "
						"nodeid='">>,
					      NodeId, <<"';">>])
		of
	      {selected, [_], [[C]]} -> C;
	      _ -> <<"0">>
	    end,
    case catch
	   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select itemid, publisher, creation, "
					"modification, payload from pubsub_item "
					"where nodeid='">>,
				      NodeId, <<"' and ">>, AttrName, <<" ">>,
				      Way, <<" ">>, Id, <<" order by ">>,
				      AttrName, <<" ">>, Order, <<" limit ">>,
				      jlib:i2l(Max), <<" ;">>])
	of
      {selected,
       [<<"itemid">>, <<"publisher">>, <<"creation">>,
	<<"modification">>, <<"payload">>],
       RItems} ->
	  case RItems of
	    [[_, _, _, F, _]|_] ->
		Index = case catch
			       ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select count(*) from pubsub_item where "
							    "nodeid='">>,
							  NodeId, <<"' and ">>,
							  AttrName, <<" > '">>,
							  F, <<"';">>])
			    of
			  %{selected, [_], [{C}, {In}]} -> [string:strip(C, both, $"), string:strip(In, both, $")];
			  {selected, [_], [[In]]} -> In;
			  _ -> <<"0">>
			end,
		[_, _, _, L, _] = lists:last(RItems),
		RsmOut = #rsm_out{count = Count, index = Index,
				  first = <<"modification@", F/binary>>,
				  last = <<"modification@", (jlib:i2l(L))/binary>>},
		{result, {[raw_to_item(NodeId, RItem) || RItem <- RItems], RsmOut}};
	    [] -> {result, {[], #rsm_out{count = Count}}};
	    0 -> {result, {[], #rsm_out{count = Count}}}
	  end;
      _ -> {result, {[], none}}
    end.

get_items(NodeId, JID, AccessModel,
	  PresenceSubscription, RosterGroup, SubId) ->
    get_items(NodeId, JID, AccessModel,
	      PresenceSubscription, RosterGroup, SubId, none).

get_items(NodeId, JID, AccessModel,
	  PresenceSubscription, RosterGroup, _SubId, RSM) ->
    SubKey = jlib:jid_tolower(JID),
    GenKey = jlib:jid_remove_resource(SubKey),
    {Affiliation, Subscriptions} =
	select_affiliation_subscriptions(NodeId, GenKey,
					 SubKey),
    Whitelisted = can_fetch_item(Affiliation,
				 Subscriptions),
    if %%SubId == "", ?? ->
       %% Entity has multiple subscriptions to the node but does not specify a subscription ID
       %{error, ?ERR_EXTENDED(?ERR_BAD_REQUEST, "subid-required")};
       %%InvalidSubId ->
       %% Entity is subscribed but specifies an invalid subscription ID
       %{error, ?ERR_EXTENDED(?ERR_NOT_ACCEPTABLE, "invalid-subid")};
       Affiliation == outcast -> {error, ?ERR_FORBIDDEN};
       (AccessModel == presence) and
	 not PresenceSubscription ->
	   {error,
	    ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_NOT_AUTHORIZED),
			  <<"presence-subscription-required">>)};
       (AccessModel == roster) and not RosterGroup ->
	   {error,
	    ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_NOT_AUTHORIZED),
			  <<"not-in-roster-group">>)};
       (AccessModel == whitelist) and not Whitelisted ->
	   {error,
	    ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_NOT_ALLOWED), <<"closed-node">>)};
       (AccessModel == authorize) and not Whitelisted ->
	   {error, ?ERR_FORBIDDEN};
       %%MustPay ->
       %%	% Payment is required for a subscription
       %%	{error, ?ERR_PAYMENT_REQUIRED};
       true -> get_items(NodeId, JID, RSM)
    end.

get_last_items(NodeId, _From, Count) ->
    case catch
	   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select itemid, publisher, creation, "
					"modification, payload from pubsub_item "
					"where nodeid='">>,
				      NodeId,
				      <<"' order by modification desc limit ">>,
				      jlib:i2l(Count), <<";">>])
	of
      {selected,
       [<<"itemid">>, <<"publisher">>, <<"creation">>,
	<<"modification">>, <<"payload">>],
       RItems} ->
	  {result,
	   lists:map(fun (RItem) -> raw_to_item(NodeId, RItem) end,
		     RItems)};
      _ -> {result, []}
    end.

%% @spec (NodeId, ItemId) -> [Item] | []
%%	 NodeId = mod_pubsub:pubsubNodeId()
%%	 ItemId = string()
%%	 Item = mod_pubsub:pubsubItems()
%% @doc <p>Returns an item (one item list), given its reference.</p>
get_item(NodeId, ItemId) ->
    I = (?PUBSUB):escape(ItemId),
    case catch
	   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select itemid, publisher, creation, "
					"modification, payload from pubsub_item "
					"where nodeid='">>,
				      NodeId, <<"' and itemid='">>, I,
				      <<"';">>])
	of
      {selected,
       [<<"itemid">>, <<"publisher">>, <<"creation">>,
	<<"modification">>, <<"payload">>],
       [RItem]} ->
	  {result, raw_to_item(NodeId, RItem)};
      _ -> {error, ?ERR_ITEM_NOT_FOUND}
    end.

get_item(NodeId, ItemId, JID, AccessModel,
	 PresenceSubscription, RosterGroup, _SubId) ->
    SubKey = jlib:jid_tolower(JID),
    GenKey = jlib:jid_remove_resource(SubKey),
    {Affiliation, Subscriptions} =
	select_affiliation_subscriptions(NodeId, GenKey,
					 SubKey),
    Whitelisted = can_fetch_item(Affiliation,
				 Subscriptions),
    if %%SubId == "", ?? ->
       %% Entity has multiple subscriptions to the node but does not specify a subscription ID
       %{error, ?ERR_EXTENDED(?ERR_BAD_REQUEST, "subid-required")};
       %%InvalidSubId ->
       %% Entity is subscribed but specifies an invalid subscription ID
       %{error, ?ERR_EXTENDED(?ERR_NOT_ACCEPTABLE, "invalid-subid")};
       Affiliation == outcast -> {error, ?ERR_FORBIDDEN};
       (AccessModel == presence) and
	 not PresenceSubscription ->
	   {error,
	    ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_NOT_AUTHORIZED),
			  <<"presence-subscription-required">>)};
       (AccessModel == roster) and not RosterGroup ->
	   {error,
	    ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_NOT_AUTHORIZED),
			  <<"not-in-roster-group">>)};
       (AccessModel == whitelist) and not Whitelisted ->
	   {error,
	    ?ERR_EXTENDED((?ERR_NOT_ALLOWED), <<"closed-node">>)};
       (AccessModel == authorize) and not Whitelisted ->
	   {error, ?ERR_FORBIDDEN};
       %%MustPay ->
       %%	% Payment is required for a subscription
       %%	{error, ?ERR_PAYMENT_REQUIRED};
       true -> get_item(NodeId, ItemId)
    end.

%% @spec (Item) -> ok | {error, Reason::stanzaError()}
%%	 Item = mod_pubsub:pubsubItems()
%% @doc <p>Write an item into database.</p>
set_item(Item) ->
    {ItemId, NodeId} = Item#pubsub_item.itemid,
    I = (?PUBSUB):escape(ItemId),
    {C, _} = Item#pubsub_item.creation,
    {M, JID} = Item#pubsub_item.modification,
    P = encode_jid(JID),
    Payload = Item#pubsub_item.payload,
    XML = (?PUBSUB):escape(str:join([xml:element_to_binary(X) || X<-Payload], <<>>)),
    S = fun ({T1, T2, T3}) ->
		str:join([jlib:i2l(T1, 6), jlib:i2l(T2, 6), jlib:i2l(T3, 6)], <<":">>)
	end,
    case catch
	   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"update pubsub_item set publisher='">>,
				      P, <<"', modification='">>, S(M),
				      <<"', payload='">>, XML,
				      <<"' where nodeid='">>, NodeId,
				      <<"' and itemid='">>, I, <<"';">>])
	of
      {updated, 1} -> ok;
      _ ->
	  catch
	    ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"insert into pubsub_item (nodeid, itemid, "
					 "publisher, creation, modification, payload) "
					 "values('">>,
				       NodeId, <<"', '">>, I, <<"', '">>, P,
				       <<"', '">>, S(C), <<"', '">>, S(M),
				       <<"', '">>, XML, <<"');">>])
    end,
    {result, []}.

%% @spec (NodeId, ItemId) -> ok | {error, Reason::stanzaError()}
%%	 NodeId = mod_pubsub:pubsubNodeId()
%%	 ItemId = string()
%% @doc <p>Delete an item from database.</p>
del_item(NodeId, ItemId) ->
    I = (?PUBSUB):escape(ItemId),
    catch
      ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"delete from pubsub_item where itemid='">>,
				 I, <<"' and nodeid='">>, NodeId, <<"';">>]).

del_items(_, []) -> ok;
del_items(NodeId, [ItemId]) -> del_item(NodeId, ItemId);
del_items(NodeId, ItemIds) ->
    I = str:join([[<<"'">>, (?PUBSUB):escape(X), <<"'">>]
		  || X <- ItemIds],
		 <<",">>),
    catch
      ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"delete from pubsub_item where itemid "
				   "in (">>,
				 I, <<") and nodeid='">>, NodeId, <<"';">>]).

get_item_name(_Host, _Node, Id) -> Id.

node_to_path(Node) -> str:tokens((Node), <<"/">>).

path_to_node([]) -> <<>>;
path_to_node(Path) ->
    iolist_to_binary(str:join([<<"">> | Path], <<"/">>)).

%% @spec (Affiliation, Subscription) -> true | false
%%       Affiliation = owner | member | publisher | outcast | none
%%       Subscription = subscribed | none
%% @doc Determines if the combination of Affiliation and Subscribed
%% are allowed to get items from a node.
can_fetch_item(owner, _) -> true;
can_fetch_item(member, _) -> true;
can_fetch_item(publisher, _) -> true;
can_fetch_item(outcast, _) -> false;
can_fetch_item(none, Subscriptions) -> is_subscribed(Subscriptions).

is_subscribed(Subscriptions) ->
    lists:any(fun ({subscribed, _SubId}) -> true;
		  (_) -> false
	      end,
	      Subscriptions).

%% Returns the first item where Pred() is true in List
first_in_list(_Pred, []) -> false;
first_in_list(Pred, [H | T]) ->
    case Pred(H) of
      true -> {value, H};
      _ -> first_in_list(Pred, T)
    end.

itemids(NodeId, {U, S, R}) ->
    itemids(NodeId, encode_jid({U, S, R}));
itemids(NodeId, SJID) ->
    case catch
	   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select itemid from pubsub_item where "
					"nodeid='">>,
				      NodeId, <<"' and publisher like '">>,
				      SJID,
				      <<"%' order by modification desc;">>])
	of
      {selected, [<<"itemid">>], RItems} ->
	  lists:map(fun ([ItemId]) -> ItemId end, RItems);
      _ -> []
    end.

select_affiliation_subscriptions(NodeId, JID) ->
    J = encode_jid(JID),
    case catch
	   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"select affiliation,subscriptions from "
					"pubsub_state where nodeid='">>,
				      NodeId, <<"' and jid='">>, J, <<"';">>])
	of
      {selected, [<<"affiliation">>, <<"subscriptions">>],
       [[A, S]]} ->
	  {decode_affiliation(A), decode_subscriptions(S)};
      _ -> {none, []}
    end.

select_affiliation_subscriptions(NodeId, JID, JID) ->
    select_affiliation_subscriptions(NodeId, JID);
select_affiliation_subscriptions(NodeId, GenKey,
				 SubKey) ->
    {result, Affiliation} = get_affiliation(NodeId, GenKey),
    {result, Subscriptions} = get_subscriptions(NodeId,
						SubKey),
    {Affiliation, Subscriptions}.

update_affiliation(NodeId, JID, Affiliation) ->
    J = encode_jid(JID),
    A = encode_affiliation(Affiliation),
    case catch
	   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"update pubsub_state set affiliation='">>,
				      A, <<"' where nodeid='">>, NodeId,
				      <<"' and jid='">>, J, <<"';">>])
	of
      {updated, 1} -> ok;
      _ ->
	  catch
	    ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"insert into pubsub_state(nodeid, jid, "
					 "affiliation, subscriptions) values('">>,
				       NodeId, <<"', '">>, J, <<"', '">>, A,
				       <<"', '');">>])
    end.

update_subscription(NodeId, JID, Subscription) ->
    J = encode_jid(JID),
    S = encode_subscriptions(Subscription),
    case catch
	   ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"update pubsub_state set subscriptions='">>,
				      S, <<"' where nodeid='">>, NodeId,
				      <<"' and jid='">>, J, <<"';">>])
	of
      {updated, 1} -> ok;
      _ ->
	  catch
	    ejabberd_odbc:sql_query_t([<<"insert into pubsub_state(nodeid, jid, "
					 "affiliation, subscriptions) values('">>,
				       NodeId, <<"', '">>, J, <<"', 'n', '">>,
				       S, <<"');">>])
    end.

decode_jid(JID) ->
    jlib:jid_tolower(jlib:string_to_jid(JID)).

decode_affiliation(<<"o">>) -> owner;
decode_affiliation(<<"p">>) -> publisher;
decode_affiliation(<<"m">>) -> member;
decode_affiliation(<<"c">>) -> outcast;
decode_affiliation(_) -> none.

decode_subscription(<<"s">>) -> subscribed;
decode_subscription(<<"p">>) -> pending;
decode_subscription(<<"u">>) -> unconfigured;
decode_subscription(_) -> none.

decode_subscriptions(Subscriptions) ->
    lists:foldl(fun (Subscription, Acc) ->
			case str:tokens(Subscription, <<":">>) of
			  [S, SubId] -> [{decode_subscription(S), SubId} | Acc];
			  _ -> Acc
			end
		end,
		[], str:tokens(Subscriptions, <<",">>)).

encode_jid(JID) ->
    (?PUBSUB):escape(JID).

encode_affiliation(owner) -> <<"o">>;
encode_affiliation(publisher) -> <<"p">>;
encode_affiliation(member) -> <<"m">>;
encode_affiliation(outcast) -> <<"c">>;
encode_affiliation(_) -> <<"n">>.

encode_subscription(subscribed) -> <<"s">>;
encode_subscription(pending) -> <<"p">>;
encode_subscription(unconfigured) -> <<"u">>;
encode_subscription(_) -> <<"n">>.

encode_subscriptions(Subscriptions) ->
    str:join(lists:map(fun ({S, SubId}) ->
			       <<(encode_subscription(S))/binary, ":",
				 SubId/binary>>
		       end,
		       Subscriptions),
	     <<",">>).

%%% record getter/setter

state_to_raw(NodeId, State) ->
    {JID, _} = State#pubsub_state.stateid,
    J = encode_jid(JID),
    A = encode_affiliation(State#pubsub_state.affiliation),
    S =
	encode_subscriptions(State#pubsub_state.subscriptions),
    [<<"'">>, NodeId, <<"', '">>, J, <<"', '">>, A,
     <<"', '">>, S, <<"'">>].

raw_to_item(NodeId,
	    [ItemId, SJID, Creation, Modification, XML]) ->
    JID = decode_jid(SJID),
    ToTime = fun (Str) ->
		     [T1, T2, T3] = str:tokens(Str, <<":">>),
		     {jlib:l2i(T1), jlib:l2i(T2), jlib:l2i(T3)}
	     end,
    Payload = case xml_stream:parse_element(XML) of
		{error, _Reason} -> [];
		El -> [El]
	      end,
    #pubsub_item{itemid = {ItemId, NodeId},
		 creation = {ToTime(Creation), JID},
		 modification = {ToTime(Modification), JID},
		 payload = Payload}.