IBDP TOK, Research Question: Is subjectivity overly celebrated in the arts but unfairly condemned in history?
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Introduction:
Subjectivity is the personal opinions, emotions, & understanding of an individual. It plays a significant role in both areas of knowledge, The Arts, and History. However, subjectivity is perceived very differently in both respective fields In the arts, subjectivity is often celebrated as it promotes expression of self and individuality. Contrary, subjectivity in history is often viewed as problematic and is looked down upon since it compromises the search for objective truth and reliability. Even though subjectivity can be found in both areas of knowledge, the extent of its celebration or condemnation differs, and whether this is fair or unfair will be figured out by the end of the essay. 

Arts Claim - Celebration of subjectivity: Add the emotions and importance of the painting
In the arts, subjectivity is often highly celebrated due to it being a fundamental part of self-expression. Over the thousands of years, its shown repeatedly that artists have the freedom to convey their emotions, experiences, & interpretations through various art pieces. However subjective art has seen a rise in the past few years with abstract art being on the rise. Vincent van Gogh's painting "Starry Night" is a popular painting that demonstrates subjectivity in an older time. Van Gogh's experience and emotions are clearly shown through his choice of vibrant colors and specialized swirling brushstrokes, a form of painting that was not common before him. 


History Claim - Celebration of subjectivity:
Subjectivity in history is a complicated case. This is because it’s sometimes accepted in history, specifically in the area of historiography, but its usually condemned. Historians acknowledge that the perceptions, biases, and interpretations of documenting events influence historical accounts, as the popular quote goes “History is written by the victors”. To have a comprehensive understanding of the past, historians often attempt to rely on objective sources but sometimes utilize subjective sources such as diaries, journals, and verbal histories. These personal accounts offer insights into the thoughts, emotions, and lived experiences of individuals from different time periods. For example, Anne Frank’s diary provides an invaluable subjective account of her experiences during the Holocaust, revealing the human impact of historical events. The presence of diverse perspectives through subjectivity enriches historical narratives and contributes to a more holistic understanding of the past.

Arts Counterclaim - Condemnation of subjectivity:
Despite the celebration of subjectivity in the arts, it can be subject to criticism. Excessive subjectivity may lead to a disregard for objectivity and factual accuracy in artistic expressions. Some argue that highly subjective artwork lacks skill and talent, in addition to universal truths, or fails to engage with broader societal issues. For example, a contemporary abstract painting consisting of random splatters of paint may evoke personal emotions for the artist but may lack coherent meaning for the viewer. A perfect example of this is the condemnation of Jackson Pollock's artwork "Number 1A, 1948". This painting, characterized by seemingly chaotic splatters and drips of paint, sparked controversy and divided opinions. While some artists renowned it as a revolutionary form of artistic expression, critics argued that the extreme subjectivity in Pollock's work made it challenging for viewers to discern any universal truths or engage with broader societal issues through the artwork and that it lacked any “true skill”. Abstract art continues to be a sensitive topic in the arts due to the varying opinions mentioned above.

History Counterclaim - Condemnation of subjectivity:
In contrast, objectivity is sought after, and subjectivity in history is often condemned as it compromises the integrity of the AoK and distorts the historical record. Objective standards of evidence, rigorous research methods, and critical analysis are crucial in the pursuit of accurate historical accounts. Condemning subjectivity in history aims to uphold the principles of historical thoroughness, avoid biases, and offer a more objective understanding of events. A clear example of the condemnation of subjectivity in history is the controversy surrounding the Lost Cause narrative in the United States. This narrative, which emerged in the aftermath of the American Civil War, romanticizes the Confederate cause & minimizes the role of slavery as a primary reason for the conflict. Historians argue that this subjective account twists the historical record and underscores all the objective research and analyzing in achieving an accurate understanding of historical events. Most historians think of subjectivity as an insult to their work.