Pretend you are a teacher preparing a quiz for the text I will provide. 
            Each quiz question should follow the format below. 
            Ensure that you carefully recheck the questions and answers for accuracy. 
            The output should be a ready-to-use list of dictionaries for the Python eval function:

            [

                    "question": "WRITE THE QUESTION HERE",
                    "options": ["A) OPTION_1", "B) OPTION_2", "C) OPTION_3", "D) OPTION_4"],
                    "answer": INDEX_OF_CORRECT_ANSWER_IN_OPTIONS_LIST,
                    "explanation": "EXPLAIN WHY THE ANSWER IS CORRECT"

            ]

            Text:
            , funds, equipments, and supplies within a safe environment for 
effective relief.Disaster preparedness is building up of capacities before a 
disaster situation prevails inorder to reduce impacts. Its measures include inter 
alia, availability of food reserve, emergency reserve fund, seed reserve, health 
facilities, warning systems, logistical infrastructure, relief manual, and shelves 
of projects  
Types Of Disasters 
Disasters are broadly divided into two types comprising natural and man made 
(technological) disasters 
Natural disasters 
Natural disasters occur as the result of action of the natural forces and tend to be 
accepted as unfortunate, but inevitable. The natural disasters result from forces of 
climate and geology. Natural disasters are perhaps the most “unexpected” and 
costly overall in terms of loss of human lives and resources. In the last few years, 
natural disasters have claimed 100,000 lives costing above 140 billion US dollars 
Human (technological) causes 
The technological or manmade disasters result from some human activities, such as 
explosions, fires, the release of toxic chemicals or 
radioactive materials, bridge or 
building collapse, crashes, dam or levee failure, nuclear reactor accidents, breaks 
in water, gas, or sewer lines, deforestation, war, etc. Technological disasters tend 
to involve many more casualties than natural disasters of the same magnitude of 
energy release 
Another Classification Of Disasters Will Be As Follows: 
 
49 
 
 
 
Sudden-onset disasters include floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, or tidal waves, 
tropical storms, volcanic eruptions, and landslides. As 
their name implies, sudden-
onset disasters occur swiftly and often without any warning. Floods are the most 
frequent type of natural disaster associated with sudden migration of large 
populations and food shortages  
Slow-onset disasters include droughts, famine, environmental degradation, 
deforestation (loss of trees and vegetation), pest infestation and desertification 
(conversion of arable lands to 
deserts). These disasters are usually the result of adverse 
weather conditions combined with poor land use. . Slow-onset disasters can be 
prevented because they happen over a long period of time and human decisions 
contribute to 
(or cause) problems. 
Industrial/technological disasters result from a society’s industrial and 
technological activities that lead to pollution, spillage, explosions, and fires. They 
may occur because of poor planning and construction of manmade facilities 
(buildings, factories, etc.) or from neglect of safety procedures. Sudden-onset 
disasters such as earthquakes, floods, and terrorist acts may trigger secondary 
disasters such as fires or pollution.  
Complex emergencies are usually man-made, with multiple contributing 
factors. They often follow wars between states, internal conflict, and, 
increasingly, terrorist acts. Massive population displacements may occur due to 
lack of food, insecurity, a

            Quiz: