create a table from paragraphs that contain  objective, kind of study, source, data collection methods, sample size, age range, gender, level of injury, intervention, treatment, and conclusion " This study aimed to investigate the incidence, demographics, causes, and characteristics of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) in Tehran, Iran. The study was a retrospective hospital-based analysis of patients with TSCI admitted to governmental, private, and military hospitals of Tehran from March 2010 to July 2011. Of 867 patients with spine fracture, 138 (15.9%) had TSCI. The majority of TSCI patients were male, had a mean age of 33.2 ± 14.3 years, and were caused by road traffic accidents (24.6%) and falls (16%). The mean annual incidence of TSCI hospitalized patients was 10.5 per million populations per year. The most common site of the fracture was L1, and the most frequent level of injury was at thoracic segments (49.6%). Fall was more common than RTC. The majority of cases presented with paraplegia. The study also found that early surgery was done for 19% of the patients, and the median day of hospitalization was 12 days. Additionally, the study showed that private hospital fees were significantly higher than public ones.
The study aimed to evaluate the sexual satisfaction, knowledge and attitudes, expression, intimacy, marital satisfaction, and adjustment in couples with one partner affected by spinal cord injury (SCI). A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 28 couples from the Family and Sexual Health Division in BASIR, Neurosciences Institute affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The couples were required to meet eligibility criteria, including having incomplete or complete SCI for more than a year and no history of chronic psychological and physical illnesses other than SCI. The study used various questionnaires to assess the variables, including the Larson sexual satisfaction questionnaire, sexual knowledge and attitude questionnaire, sexual expression questionnaire, Bagarozzi intimacy questionnaire, ENRICH marital satisfaction questionnaire, marital adjustment questionnaire, female sexual function index, and international index erectile function. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS version 21, and results showed no significant difference between male and female subjects with SCI in sexual satisfaction, marital satisfaction, intimacy, sexual knowledge and attitudes, sexual expression, and marital adjustment scores. Female subjects with and without SCI showed sexual dysfunction, while male subjects with SCI showed sexual dysfunction compared to the cutoff point on the international index erectile function questionnaire. Results showed no significant correlation between sociodemographic characteristics and questionnaire scores, except for a negative correlation between sample age and sexual satisfaction score, partner age and sexual satisfaction score, and length of marriage and sexual satisfaction score.
In a study conducted on 51 patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), the mean scores of Beck depression inventory (BDI) was above 18, indicating the presence of depression in all age, gender, and different levels of SCI (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar) groups. More than 67% of individuals in all age groups, more than 70% in both male and female groups, and more than 65% in all levels of SCI groups got the score above 13, indicating the existence of depression. The test score classes of severe, moderate, and mild depression were mostly observed in different age groups. Pearson chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to compare the distribution of scores in different severity levels in age and gender groups and levels of SCI. Independent samples t test showed no significant difference between the mean scores of male and female groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant difference between the mean scores in age groups and different levels of SCI.
The study consisted of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) referred to a tertiary rehabilitation center from all over Iran. The study used structured interviews and surveys to collect data on participants’ demographic information, pain intensity and interference, education level, and access to facilities and social support. The study found that pain affected around half of the participants, with the most common location being the lower limbs and back. Pain intensity was not significantly related to gender, marital status, level of injury, or completeness of neurological deficit, but was significantly related to education level and access to facilities and supplies. Pain correlated positively with impairment of mood, normal work, relationships with others, and poor sleep habits. There was no correlation found between pain and social support.
4: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between religion, spirituality, and mental health in patients with spinal cord injuries (SCI) in Tehran, Iran. The study included 213 patients with SCI, and anxiety and depression were identified as common mental health problems among the participants. However, severe depression was reported less frequently compared to the general population. Higher levels of spiritual well-being and positive religious coping were found to contribute to decreased anxiety, while negative religious coping increased the risk of severe anxiety. Patients with lower negative religious coping and higher levels of existential well-being had lower levels of severe anxiety and depression. Gender was identified as a significant predictor of anxiety, with women experiencing higher levels of anxiety compared to men. The study has limitations, including a cross-sectional design and the sole focus on religion and spirituality as coping mechanisms. Overall, the findings suggest a need for healthcare professionals to recognize and address the psychological challenges that arise in patients with SCI and consider ways to improve their quality of life.
5: The study aimed to assess the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) and sexual distress in women with spinal cord injury (SCI) and to identify correlates of FSD. A cross-sectional study was conducted on female patients with SCI who were referred to the Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Repair Research Center in Tehran, Iran. The study found that women with SCI had a significantly higher prevalence of FSD and sexual distress compared with healthy control women. Age, education, complete lesions, sexual distress, anxiety, and depression were identified as significant correlates of FSD in women with SCI. The study highlights the need for considering sexual health in women with SCI to improve their overall wellbeing.
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