{"input": "What is the place of birth of the composer of song Ma Che Freddo Fa?", "context": "Passage 1:\nMa che freddo fa\n\"Ma che freddo fa\" is a 1969 song composed by Claudio Mattone (music) and Franco Migliacci (lyrics).  The song premiered at the 19th edition of the Sanremo Music Festival with a double performance of Nada and The Rokes, placing at the fifth place. The first verses include a citation of Donovan's \"Lal\u00e9na\". Nada's version was a massive success, selling about one million copies, mainly in the Italian and Spanish markets.The song was later covered by numerous artists, including Mina, Giusy Ferreri, Renzo Arbore, Piccola Orchestra Avion Travel, and, with the title \"Et pourtant j'ai froid\", Dalida.\n\nTrack listing\nNada version\n7\" single - TL 19\"Ma che freddo fa\" (Claudio Mattone, Franco Migliacci)\n\"Una rondine bianca\" (Claudio Mattone)\n\nThe Rokes version\n7\" single - AN 4172\"Ma che freddo fa\" (Claudio Mattone, Franco Migliacci)\n\"Per te, per me\" (Shel Shapiro, Franco Migliacci)\n\nCertifications\nPassage 2:\nWalter Robinson (composer)\nWalter Robinson is an American composer of the late 20th century. He is most notable for his 1977 song Harriet Tubman, which has been recorded by folk musicians such as Holly Near, John McCutcheon, and others.  He is also the composer of several operas.\nPassage 3:\nXu Shaofa\nXu Shaofa (Hsu Shao-Fa) (born 1947), is a male former international table tennis player from China.\n\nTable tennis career\nHe won a gold medal at the 1975 World Table Tennis Championships  with Li Zhenshi, Liang Geliang, Lu Yuansheng and Li Peng as part of the Chinese team. In addition he won a silver medal in 1973.\n\nSee also\nList of table tennis players\nList of World Table Tennis Championships medalists\nPassage 4:\nAlonso Mudarra\nAlonso Mudarra (c. 1510 \u2013 April 1, 1580) was a Spanish composer of the Renaissance, and also played the vihuela, a guitar-shaped string instrument.  He was an innovative composer of instrumental music as well as songs, and was the composer of the earliest surviving music for the guitar.\n\nBiography\nThe place of his birth is not recorded, but he grew up in Guadalajara, and probably received his musical training there.  He most likely went to Italy in 1529 with Charles V, in the company of the fourth Duke of the Infantado, \u00cd\u00f1igo L\u00f3pez de Mendoza, marqu\u00e9s de Santillana.  When he returned to Spain he became a priest, receiving the post of canon at the cathedral in Seville in 1546, where he remained for the rest of his life.  While at the cathedral, he directed all of the musical activities; many records remain of his musical activities there, which included hiring instrumentalists, buying and assembling a new organ, and working closely with composer Francisco Guerrero for various festivities.  Mudarra died in Seville, and his sizable fortune was distributed to the poor of the city according to his will.\n\nMudarra wrote numerous pieces for the vihuela and the four-course guitar, all contained in the collection Tres libros de musica en cifras para vihuela (\"Three books of music in numbers for vihuela\"), which he published on December 7, 1546 in Seville.  These three books contain the first music ever published for the four-course guitar, which was then a relatively new instrument. The second book is noteworthy in that it contains eight multi-movement works, all arranged by \"tono\", or mode.\nCompositions represented in this publication include fantasias, variations (including a set on La Folia), tientos, pavanes and galliards, and songs. Modern listeners are probably most familiar with his Fantasia X, which has been a concert and recording mainstay for many years.   The songs are in Latin, Spanish and Italian, and include romances, canciones (songs), villancicos, (popular songs) and sonetos (sonnets).  Another innovation was the use of different signs for different tempos:  slow, medium, and fast.\n\nReferences and further reading\nJohn Griffiths: \"Alonso Mudarra\", Grove Music Online ed. L. Macy (Accessed March 24, 2005), (subscription access)\nGustave Reese, Music in the Renaissance.  New York, W.W. Norton & Co., 1954.  ISBN 0-393-09530-4\nGuitar Music of the Sixteenth Century, Mel Bay Publications (transcribed by Keith Calmes)\nThe Eight Masterpieces of Alonso Mudarra, Mel Bay Publications (transcribed by Keith Calmes)\nFantasia VI in hypermedia (Shockwave Player required) at the BinAural Collaborative Hypertext\nJacob Heringman and Catherine King: \"Alonso Mudarra songs and solos\". Magnatune.com (http://www.magnatune.com/artists/albums/heringman-mudarra/hifi_play)\n\nExternal links\nFree scores by Alonso Mudarra in the Choral Public Domain Library (ChoralWiki)\nFree scores by Alonso Mudarra at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)\nPassage 5:\nWang Chien-fa\nWang Chien-fa (Chinese: \u738b\u4e7e\u767c; pinyin: W\u00e1ng Qi\u00e1nf\u0101; born 19 March 1949) is a politician in Taiwan. He was the Magistrate of Penghu County from 20 December 2005 until 25 December 2014.\n\nEducation\nWang obtained his bachelor's degree from the Department of Public Administration at National Open University.\n\nPenghu County Magistrate\n2005 Penghu County Magistracy election\nWang was elected Magistrate of Penghu County as the Kuomintang candidate on 3 December 2005 and assumed office on 20 December 2005.\n\n2009 Penghu County Magistracy election\nWang was reelected for a second term on 5 December 2009.\n\nSee also\nPenghu County Government\nPassage 6:\nAlexander Courage\nAlexander Mair Courage Jr. (December 10, 1919 \u2013 May 15, 2008) familiarly known as \"Sandy\" Courage, was an American orchestrator, arranger, and composer of music, primarily for television and film. He is best known as the composer of the theme music for the original Star Trek series.\n\nEarly life\nCourage was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He received a music degree from the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New York, in 1941. He served in the United States Army Air Forces in the western United States during the Second World War. During that period, he also found the time to compose music for the radio. His credits in this medium include the programs Adventures of Sam Spade Detective, Broadway Is My Beat, Hollywood Soundstage, and Romance.\n\nCareer\nCourage began as an orchestrator and arranger at MGM studios, which included work in such films as the 1951 Show Boat (\"Life Upon the Wicked Stage\" number); Hot Rod Rumble (1957 film); The Band Wagon (\"I Guess I'll Have to Change My Plan\"); Gigi (the can-can for the entrance of patrons at Maxim's); and the barn raising dance from Seven Brides for Seven Brothers.\nHe frequently served as an orchestrator on films scored by Andr\u00e9 Previn (My Fair Lady, \"The Circus is a Wacky World\", and \"You're Gonna Hear from Me\" production numbers for Inside Daisy Clover), Adolph Deutsch (Funny Face, Some Like It Hot), John Williams (The Poseidon Adventure, Superman, Jurassic Park, and the Academy Award-nominated musical films Fiddler on the Roof and Tom Sawyer), and Jerry Goldsmith (Rudy, Mulan, The Mummy, et al.).  He also arranged the Leslie Bricusse score (along with Lionel Newman) for Doctor Dolittle (1967).Apart from his work as a respected orchestrator, Courage also contributed original dramatic scores to films, including two westerns: Arthur Penn's The Left Handed Gun (1958) and Andr\u00e9 de Toth's Day of the Outlaw (1959), and the Connie Francis comedy Follow the Boys (1963). He continued writing music for movies throughout the 1980s and 1990s, including the score for Superman IV: The Quest for Peace (1987), which incorporated three new musical themes by John Williams in addition to Courage's adapted and original cues for the film. Courage's score for Superman IV: The Quest for Peace was released on CD in early 2008 by the Film Music Monthly company as part of its boxed set Superman - The Music, while La-La Land Records released a fully expanded restoration of the score on May 8, 2018, as part of Superman's 80th anniversary.\nCourage also worked as a composer on such television shows as Daniel Boone, The Brothers Brannagan, Lost in Space, Eight Is Enough, and Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea. Judd, for the Defense, Young Dr. Kildare and The Brothers Brannagan were the only television series besides Star Trek for which he composed the main theme.\nThe composer Jerry Goldsmith and Courage teamed on the long-running television show The Waltons in which Goldsmith composed the theme and Courage the Aaron Copland-influenced incidental music. In 1988, Courage won an Emmy Award for his music direction on the special Julie Andrews: The Sound of Christmas.  In the 1990s, Courage succeeded Arthur Morton as Goldsmith's primary orchestrator.Courage and Goldsmith collaborated again on orchestrations for Goldsmith's score for the 1997 film \"The Edge.\"\nCourage frequently collaborated with John Williams during the latter's tenure with the Boston Pops Orchestra.\n\nFamily\nAt the age of 35, Courage married Mareile Beate Odlum on October 6, 1955.\nMareile, born in Germany, was the daughter of Rudolf Wolff and Elisabeth Loechelt. After Wolff's suicide Elisabeth married Carl Wilhelm Richard H\u00fclsenbeck, renowned for his involvement in the Dada movement in Europe. H\u00fclsenbeck brought his wife (Elisabeth), son (Tom) and step-daughter (Mareile) to the United States in 1938 to avoid the political situation rapidly developing in Europe. After arriving in the US he changed his last name to Hulbeck.\nMareile's marriage to Courage was her third. Her second marriage was to Bruce Odlum (son of financier Floyd Odlum) in 1944. That union produced two sons, Christopher (1947) and Brian (1949). When Courage married Mareile he accepted the responsibility of acting stepfather to them. The family originally lived together on Erskine Dr. in Pacific Palisades, but later moved to a mountainside home on Beverly Crest Drive in Beverly Hills.\nAside from his musical abilities Courage was also an avid and accomplished photographer. He took many dramatic photos of bullfights and auto racing. He was a racing enthusiast, and his interest in that sport and photography brought him into contact with many racing personalities of the era, notably Phil Hill and Stirling Moss, both of whom he considered friends. Moss paid at least one social visit to the Erskine residence.\nThough a dedicated stepfather to Christopher and Brian, Courage's musical career took precedence over his familial responsibilities. He sought to interest his step-children in music, and was responsible for arranging Brian's first musical lessons, on alto saxophone. Later in life Brian became a composer of serious electronic music, though the vocation was not apparent during his childhood, as he was a poor saxophone student.\nAlexander and Mareile were divorced April 1, 1963. Courage subsequently married Kristin M. Zethren on July 14, 1967. That marriage also ended in divorce in 1972.\n\nStar Trek theme\nCourage is best known for writing the theme music for the original Star Trek series, and other music for that series. Courage was hired by Star Trek creator Gene Roddenberry to score the original series at Jerry Goldsmith's suggestion, after Goldsmith turned down the job.  \nCourage went on to score incidental music for episodes \"The Man Trap\" and \"The Naked Time\" and some cues for \"Mudd's Women.\"\nCourage reportedly became alienated from Roddenberry when Roddenberry claimed half of the theme music royalties. Roddenberry wrote words for Courage's theme, not because he expected the lyrics to be sung on television, but so that he (Roddenberry) could receive half of the royalties from the song by claiming credit as the composition's co-writer. Courage was replaced by composer Fred Steiner who was then hired to write the musical scores for the remainder of the first season. \nAfter sound editors had difficulty finding the right effect, Courage himself made the iconic \"whoosh\" sound heard while the Enterprise flies across the screen.He returned to Star Trek to score two more episodes for the show's third and final season, episodes \"The Enterprise Incident\" and \"Plato's Stepchildren,\" allegedly as a courtesy to Producer Robert Justman.\nNotably, after later serving as Goldsmith's orchestrator, when Goldsmith composed the music for Star Trek: The Motion Picture,  Courage orchestrated Goldsmith's adaptation of his original Star Trek theme.\nFollowing Star Trek: The Motion Picture, Courage's iconic opening fanfare to the Star Trek theme became one of the franchise's most famous and memorable musical cues. The fanfare has been used in multiple motion pictures and television series,  notably Star Trek: The Next Generation and the four feature films based upon that series, three of which were scored by Goldsmith.\n\nDeath\nCourage had been in declining health for several years before he died on May 15, 2008, at the Sunrise assisted-living facility in Pacific Palisades, California. He had suffered a series of strokes prior to his death. His mausoleum is in Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery.\nPassage 7:\nShue Ming-fa\nShue Ming-fa (born 2 November 1950) is a former Taiwanese cyclist. He competed in three events at the 1972 Summer Olympics.\nPassage 8:\nPetrus de Domarto\nPetrus de Domarto (fl. c. 1445\u20131455) was a Franco-Flemish composer of the Renaissance.  He was a contemporary and probable acquaintance of Ockeghem, and was the composer of at least one of the first unified mass cycles to be written in continental Europe.\n\nLife\nDomarto's life is poorly documented.  He was listed as a singer at the Church of Our Lady in Antwerp in 1449, five years after Ockeghem was known to be there, and there is evidence he was in Tournai in 1451.  He had a high reputation (which makes the lack of documentation on his life curious), but even so was passed over for a post as master of the choirboys (in favor of Paulus Iuvenis).  No other documentation on his life has yet come to light.\n\nMusic and reputation\nDomarto's two mass settings, the Missa Spiritus almus and a Missa sine nomine, were famous at the time.  The latter of the two may have been one of the earliest cyclic masses composed on the continent, most likely in the 1440s, and imitates some features of contemporary English composers such as Leonel Power.  The Missa Spiritus almus, likely dating from the 1450s, is a cantus-firmus mass, with the melody always in the tenor, but with a changing rhythmic profile as it changes mensuration throughout the piece.  The procedure was evidently influential on the next generation of composers, for it was still being copied in the 1480s, and Busnois may have based one of his own masses on the same method (the Missa O crux lignum). The theorist and writer Johannes Tinctoris criticised it for exactly the features that inspired other composers.\nThe two surviving secular compositions by Domarto are both rondeaux, formes fixes of the type popular with the Burgundian School.\n\nWorks\nMasses\nMissa Spiritus almus (four voices)\nMissa sine nomine (three voices)\n\nSecular\nRondeaux, each for three voices:\n\nChelui qui est tant plain de duel\nJe vis tous jours en esperance\n\nNotes\nPassage 9:\nAlexandru Cristea\nAlexandru Cristea (1890\u20131942) was the composer of the music for \"Limba Noastr\u0103\", current national anthem of Moldova.\n\nBiography\nA choir director, a composer and music teacher. Taught at the  \"Vasile Kormilov\" music school (1928) with Gavriil Afanasiu and the  \"Unirea\" Conservatory (1927\u20131929) in Chi\u015fin\u0103u with Alexandru Antonovschi (canto), he was the master of vocal music from Chi\u015fin\u0103u (1920\u20131940), professor of music and conductor of the choir in the boys gymnasium \"Ion Heliade R\u0103dulescu\" in Bucure\u0219ti (1940\u20131941). Later, between 1941 and 1942, he directed the choir at the \"Queen Mother Elena\" high school from Chi\u015fin\u0103u. In 1920, he was ordained as a deacon of the St. George Church in Chi\u015fin\u0103u, from 1927 to 1941 was a deacon holds the Metropolitan Cathedral of Chi\u015fin\u0103u.\n\nCreation\nHis main creation is considered the music for \"Limba Noastr\u0103\", current national anthem of Moldova, composed in the lyrics of the priest-poet Alexei Mateevici. He was awarded the \u201cR\u0103splata muncii pentru biseric\u0103\u201d.\nPassage 10:\nClaudio Mattone\nClaudio Mattone (born 28 February 1943) is an Italian composer, lyricist and music producer.\nBorn in Santa Maria a Vico, Caserta, Mattone approached music at young age, as a jazz pianist. After leaving the university he moved to Rome, where he debuted in 1968 as a singer-songwriter with the song \"E' sera\", that premiered without any success at Cantagiro '68. Focusing on composition, between late sixties and early eighties he successfully teamed with the lyricist Franco Migliacci and signed several hits, contributing to launch the careers of Nada and Eduardo De Crescenzo; also working as music producer and as lyricist of his songs, in nineties Mattone launched the careers of Neri per caso and Syria, that respectively won the 1994 and 1995 editions of the Sanremo Music Festival in the \"giovani\" category.In 1990 Mattone won a David di Donatello and a Nastro d'Argento for the soundtrack of the 1989 film Scugnizzi. His earlier scores had included Cugini carnali (1974), Cos\u00ec parl\u00f2 Bellavista (1984), Il mistero di Bellavista (1985) and Fatto su misura (1985). From 2000s his principal occupation is the theater, as author and producer of musicals.", "answers": ["Santa Maria a Vico"], "length": 2764, "dataset": "2wikimqa_e", "language": "en", "all_classes": null, "_id": "4757e04814693a1a0ddc4c330f892f678a9c74bb49599efb"}/n
“input”: This is the question to be answered.
“context”: This is the information needed to answer the question.
“answer”: This is the correct answer(ground truth) to the question.

Task Instructions:
(1) Generate a full and concise reasoning path from the "input" question to the ground truth "answer", using sentences from the "context" to support each step.
(2) For each step in the reasoning path, include one unaltered sentence from the “context” to demonstrate how the information leads to the answer.
(3) Structure the response as a JSON object. Each reasoning step should correspond to one original sentence from the “context”.

Use JSON format with 'step' and 'sentence' for your output.
{
  "reasoning": [
    {
      "step": 1,
      "sentence": "<insert first sentence used from context>"
    },
    {
      "step": 2,
      "sentence": "<insert second sentence used from context>"
    },
    ...
  ]
}
Ensure each “sentence” is copied exactly as in the context without any modifications.