Technical Proposal on 
“Evidence-based Advocacy towards Mitigating Digital Hate Speech in Nepal”
Background:
Hate speech has been on the rise in recent years due to various factors, including the proliferation of social media, political polarization, declining social tolerance/harmony, and the spread of extremist ideologies. Hate speech refers to offensive discourse targeting an individual or group based on their identities, such as their race, ethnicity, religion, or gender. Hate speech and disinformation are increasingly recognized as contributing to dividing people and promoting intolerance and attacking dignity and violating the rights of the people. 
Some common targets of hate speech in Nepal include ethnic and religious minorities, women, people from Madhesh, Dalits, members of the LGBTQ+ community, human rights defenders, and people with disabilities. Hate speech has been used to incite violence, discrimination, and marginalization against these groups. Similarly, women in politics are another soft target of hate speech. A recent study conducted by Panos South Asia found that social media are full of misogynistic content against women in politics. Similarly, there have been incidents when hate speech were used against human rights defenders, journalists, civil society actors, lawyers etc. 
The Constitution of Nepal has regarded hate speech as one of the limitations to the freedom of expression and opinion. However, the lack of adequate legislative framework and clarity has been identified by the Supreme Court itself. Issuing a directive order in the case of Kalpit Parajuli v. Government of Nepal (Decision No. 1978 NKP 2074), Court held that “it is necessary to study the sufficiency and effectiveness of current legal arrangements and international practices related to hate speech and to update the existing laws according to the changing context”. 
The exponential expansion of the digital sphere, particularly social media, has facilitated the dissemination of hate speech. Social media has become a preferred tool not only for the general public, but also for political figures. As elected representatives, it is imperative that parliamentarians adopt social media and other digital platforms to interact with their constituents. However, they must also acknowledge the detrimental effect of hate speech on societal harmony and the potential for online and offline violence. In this regard, they should appreciate their responsibility in promoting peace and inclusion as outlined in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16.
Against this backdrop, Digital Rights Nepal (DRN) is pleased to convey its keen interest in conducting the research and undertaking the tasks delineated in the scope of work for the project entitled "Evidence-based Advocacy towards Mitigating Digital Hate Speech in Nepal."
Objectives
The overall objective of this assignment is to map out the landscape of hate speech in digital media.
Generate empirical evidence and knowledge on the prevalence of hate speech in Nepal's digital landscape, including an analysis of relevant policy and legal frameworks and gaps.
Analyze the underlying drivers and root causes of hate speech, the affected target groups, and its potential implications for these communities.
Develop a policy brief and guidance note to support policymakers in mitigating hate speech and promoting a peaceful and equitable society.
Organize dialogues, training sessions, and sensitization workshops to raise awareness and promote advocacy on the issue of hate speech.
Provide actionable recommendations on relevant actions that can best address and mitigate hate speech, with the goal of fostering a more peaceful and just society.

Scope of Work
Activity 1: Conduct Research
Develop Research Framework:
In collaboration with an International Consultant, a research framework will be created. This framework will encompass the methodology, checklist/questionnaire, and timeline necessary to direct the research process. Following its completion, the framework will be shared with the UNDP/PSP team for finalization.
Identify Target Groups:
Following the completion of the research framework, the research team will identify the target groups for the study. These groups may comprise Parliamentarians, Secretariat staff, Journalists, Politicians, Dalit leaders, LGBTIQ and CSO representatives, as well as online media practitioners including prominent vloggers, TikTok, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, and Twitter users, among others. The selection of the target group will prioritize individuals and communities who are most affected by gendered hate speech and disinformation.
Desk Research and Review:
The research will review and analyze existing literature, reports, and studies related to hate speech in Nepal to identify trends and patterns of hate speech related to gender, religion, caste, and ethnicity. 
Additionally, the review will include an analysis of the legal framework for hate speech at the national and international levels, identifying existing policy gaps. 
The research will review some incidents of hate speech recorded or shared through social media or digital platforms to understand the types and patterns of hate speech in Nepal.
Finally, the research will review parliamentary proceedings, public speeches, and debates to capture the state of practices of hate speech in the parliament and public life and how such remarks are received, treated and documented. However, the review of parliamentary procedure will be subject to access to such records. 
Develop checklist/questionnaire:
A checklist/questionnaire will be developed in collaboration with the PSP team and international consultant. The checklist/questionnaire is an effective tool that will be used to collect data from identified stakeholders on hate speech and disinformation. The checklists/questions will be developed for Key Informant Interviews (KII) that will be conducted to gather information.
Conduct Key Informant Interviews (KIIs):
At least 20 KIIs will be conducted with Parliamentarians, Secretariat staff and online media practitioners including vloggers, tiktok, facebook, insta, and YouTube or twitter practitioners to understand the understanding, knowledge, attitude and practices, among others. The interviews will be based on the questionnaires developed. DRN will ensure diversity, including all gender and political participants for the interviews.
Deliverable 1: A Research Report
A research draft report will be prepared on the findings of the research. The report will include an analysis of the data collected, as well as recommendations for the challenges identified. The report will be prepared in English.

On the basis of above information sir ChatGPT please write content on the below points  it is to be included in the final report
Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Objectives
1.3 Research Framework
1.4 Scope of Assessment
1.5 Methodology

please write content on the above it is to be included in the final report