Pretend you are a teacher preparing a quiz for the text I will provide. 
            Each quiz question should follow the format below. 
            Ensure that you carefully recheck the questions and answers for accuracy. 
            The output should be a ready-to-use list of dictionaries for the Python eval function:

            [

                    "question": "WRITE THE QUESTION HERE",
                    "options": ["A) OPTION_1", "B) OPTION_2", "C) OPTION_3", "D) OPTION_4"],
                    "answer": INDEX_OF_CORRECT_ANSWER_IN_OPTIONS_LIST,
                    "explanation": "EXPLAIN WHY THE ANSWER IS CORRECT"

            ]

            Text:
            ged 60 years or over 
projected to increase from about 12 % in 2015 to 22 % by 2020.  In 
2050, 80% of older people will be living in low- and middle-income 
countries. 
 
ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺎ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﺑﻮﺑﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﺎﻥ
UG_31147493@i-nursing.tanta.edu.eg
UG_31147493@i-nursing.tanta.edu.eg
UG_31147493@i-nursing.tanta.edu.eg
2023/2024
2023/2024
2023/2024
13 
 
⦿ 
2)-Demography of elderly in Egypt 
(According to WHO 2015)The percent of older people “defined as 
60 years of age and more” was 6.6% in 2013 rising to be 6.9% in 
2015, expected to be reach 20.8% in 2050. This means that, 
around 20 million Egyptians will be categorized as elderly by that 
time; this is a big number that resembles a full nation in some 
parts of the world.  Average  life span for males is 68 year while 
72 year for females. 
 
            Normal Changes of Aging 
Physical, Social, & Psychological 
Introduction  
         Speed of aging process depends on a person's heredity, 
lifelong dietary pattern , the amount of habitual exercise, past 
illnesses, the presence of chronic illnesses and stresses experienced 
throughout life. Nurses should assess older persons to identify their 
individual capabilities and needs when planning  care. Nurses 
should provide quality care based on knowledge about the effects 
of ageing on different body systems. 
 
Factors that influence the aging process 
1. Chronic illness 
2. Environmental conditions 
3. Nutrition 
4. Self-abuse 
5. Genetic factors 
ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺎ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﺑﻮﺑﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﺎﻥ
UG_31147493@i-nursing.tanta.edu.eg
UG_31147493@i-nursing.tanta.edu.eg
UG_31147493@i-nursing.tanta.edu.eg
2023/2024
2023/2024
2023/2024
14 
 
6. Exercise 
 
 
 
 
 
A- Physiological changes in body system: 
Body systems 
 Related aging changes 
Implication for nursing 
1- 
Integumenatory 
system: 
a-Skin ,hair and 
          nail 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
B-Sensory 
▪ Atrophy 
of 
sweat 
glands. 
▪ Loss of subcutaneous 
fat especially in face, 
arms and legs. 
▪ Loss 
of 
skin 
elasticity & turgority. 
▪ Increase 
deposition 
of fat in hip, breasts 
and Abdomen. 
▪ Weak hair, gray, and 
falls. 
▪ thick, converted, and 
change in color of 
nail. 
 
▪ Diminish 
in 
the 
senses 
activity 
(hearing 
,vision, 
taste, smell & touch) 
▪ Prone 
to 
skin 
breakdown 
and 
injury. 
▪ increase risk of heat 
stroke. 
▪ Frequent pruritus. 
▪ Dry skin and wrinkle. 
 
 
 
▪ Liability to certain 
accidents 
such 
as 
(falls, 
burns, 
and 
poisoning form food, 
drugs or inhalation.) 
ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺎ ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﺑﻮﺑﻜﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﺎﻥ
UG_31147493@i-nursing.tanta.edu.eg
UG_31147493@i-nursing.tanta.edu.eg
UG_31147493@i-nursing.tanta.edu.eg
2023/2024
2023/2024
2023/2024
15 
 
2-Respiratory  
   system: 
 
 
 
 
▪ Dry mucus in nose, 
and loss of hair. 
▪ Decreased elasticity 
of lung tissue. 
▪ Decreased 
respiratory 
muscle 
strength. 
▪ decreased 
the 
number of alveoli. 
▪ Reduced 
the 
lung 
capacity. 
▪ Decreased of lung 
exchange. 
▪ Reduced 
efficiency 
of ventilating. 
▪ Decreased the ability 
to eliminate mucus 
secretion. 


            Quiz: