User: can you explain the following java code word by word in great detail like im new to programming in general :
public class HelloWorld {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello, World!");
    }
}

Assistant: Sure! Let's break down the Java code you provided, word by word, and explain it in detail:

1. **`public`**: This is an access modifier in Java. When used before a class or method, it indicates that the class or method can be accessed by any other class, regardless of where it is located. In simple terms, `public` makes the item accessible from anywhere in the program.

2. **`class`**: This keyword is used to define a class in Java. A class is a blueprint for objects; it defines a datatype by bundling data and methods that work on the data into a single unit.

3. **`HelloWorld`**: This is the name of the class. Class names typically start with an uppercase letter, and if the class name is made up of more than one word, each new word starts with a capital letter, following the CamelCase convention. Here, `HelloWorld` is the name you're giving to your class.

4. **`{ ... }`**: These curly braces define the body of the class. Anything inside these braces belongs to the `HelloWorld` class.

5. **`public` (again)**: This is the same access modifier mentioned earlier. Here, it is used to define a method that is accessible from anywhere.

6. **`static`**: This keyword indicates that the method belongs to the class, rather than being an instance method. This means you can call this method without creating an object of the class. `static` methods can be invoked directly using the class name.

7. **`void`**: This is the return type of the method. It indicates that the method does not return any value. In other words, after executing, the method will not give back any data to wherever it was called.

8. **`main`**: This is the name of the method that serves as the entry point of any Java application. When you run a Java program, the `main` method is where the program begins executing.

9. **`(String[] args)`**: This is the parameter list for the `main` method. `String[]` indicates that the method takes an array of `String` objects as an argument, where each `String` is a sequence of characters (text). `args` is the name of the array, and it's typically used to capture command-line arguments passed to the program. It’s a convention to call it `args`, but it could be called anything.

10. **`{ ... }` (inner braces)**: These curly braces define the body of the `main` method. Any code inside these braces is what the method performs when called.

11. **`System.out.println()`**: This is a Java statement that prints text to the console.

    - **`System`**: This is a final class from the `java.lang` package. It provides access to system resources.

    - **`out`**: This is a static field (variable) of the `System` class. It’s an instance of `PrintStream` and represents the standard output stream, typically the console.

    - **`println()`**: This is a method of the `PrintStream` class that prints the argument passed to it followed by a new line on the console. `println` stands for "print line".

12. **`"Hello, World!"`**: This is a string literal, meaning it's a fixed sequence of characters, enclosed in double quotes, which you want to display on the console. In this case, it's the traditional starting text used in programming to illustrate a basic output function.

Putting it all together, this program is a simple Java application that defines a class named `HelloWorld`, with a `main` method that is executed when the program runs. The `main` method prints "Hello, World!" to the console, which is a conventional first program in a new programming language, demonstrating basic syntax for defining and executing a Java program.
User: what does final class mean ?
Assistant: