answer only "How has funding for public colleges shifted since the 1970s?

Group of answer choices

States now pay more toward higher education, but the federal government pays less.

States have reduced funding for higher education, and tuition has increased substantially to compensate.

Tuition has gone up substantially, as has monetary support from the federal and state government.

Colleges now rely more on donors and grants from private foundations and less on tuition and state support.
 
Flag question: Question 2
Question 21 pts
The three most important federal programs to assist the working poor are

Group of answer choices

Social Security, Medicare, and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF).

the home mortgage deduction, the state and local tax deduction, and the deduction for charitable contributions.

the Affordable Care Act (ACA), the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP).

Medicaid, Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), and the Troubled Assets Relief Program (TARP).
 
Flag question: Question 3
Question 31 pts
If the government ________ more than it ________, that will lead to a budget deficit

Group of answer choices

brings in in revenue; spends

spends; brings in in revenue

regulates; redistributes

redistributes; regulates
 
Flag question: Question 4
Question 41 pts
When government reduces or eliminates restraints on the conduct of individuals or private institutions, this is known as

Group of answer choices

antitrust policy.

progressive policy.

deregulation.

subsidizing.
 
Flag question: Question 5
Question 51 pts
Tax expenditures primarily benefit which groups?

Group of answer choices

children and recent college graduates

the elderly and the retired

the working class and unions

the middle and upper classes
 
Flag question: Question 6
Question 61 pts
Those who believe in the theory of ________ maintain that the government’s role in regulating the economy should be focused on lowering taxes and creating incentives for a more productive and efficient use of resources.

Group of answer choices

Keynesianism

supply-side economics

fiscalism

laissez-faire capitalism
 
Flag question: Question 7
Question 71 pts
A cost-of-living adjustment is based on the

Group of answer choices

amount approved by Congress every year.

rate of inflation.

relationship between the level of the federal deficit compared to the nation’s gross national product.

changing needs of each recipient.
 
Flag question: Question 8
Question 81 pts
Because there is no provision for long-term care in the United States, ________ has become the de facto program financing nursing home residents when they have exhausted their savings.

Group of answer choices

Social Security

Medicare

Medicaid

the Affordable Care Act
 
Flag question: Question 9
Question 91 pts
The federal government first created housing programs in response to the

Group of answer choices

Great Depression.

Civil War.

Vietnam War.

housing crash of 2008.
 
Flag question: Question 10
Question 101 pts
The constitutional source of Congress’s monetary and fiscal powers is in

Group of answer choices

Article I, Section 4.

Article I, Section 8.

the Tenth Amendment.

Article II, Section 4.
 
Flag question: Question 11
Question 111 pts
What event brought federal attention to elementary school education?

Group of answer choices

the Soviet Union launching Sputnik

the Civil War

the return of veterans at the end of World War II

the Great Depression
 
Flag question: Question 12
Question 121 pts
Which of the following is the best example of the shadow welfare state?

Group of answer choices

soup kitchens supported by local churches

food stamps for low-income families

tax breaks on homeowners’ mortgage interest

cost-of-living adjustments for retirees
 
Flag question: Question 13
Question 131 pts
Which of the following statements about advanced industrialized nations and health care is most accurate?

Group of answer choices

Every advanced industrialized nation in the world provides universal access to health care for its citizens.

The United States and France are the only advanced industrial nations without universal access to health care for their citizens.

The United States, Canada, and Finland are the only advanced industrial nations without universal access to health care for their citizens.

The United States is the only advanced industrial nation without universal access to health care for its citizens.
 
Flag question: Question 14
Question 141 pts
Which term describes government grants of cash or other valuable commodities, such as land, that are used to promote activities desired by government leaders?

Group of answer choices

subsidies

contracts

business development funds

categorical grants
 
Flag question: Question 15
Question 151 pts
The “feminization of poverty” refers to the fact that

Group of answer choices

women are more likely to be poor than men.

women are less likely to benefit from federal antipoverty programs.

women have become less likely over time to fall below the federal poverty line.

the wage gap between men and women has become much larger during the last 50 years.
 
Flag question: Question 16
Question 161 pts
The sum total of the federal government’s budget deficits plus interest is nearly $30 trillion. What term best describes this sum of money?

Group of answer choices

budget surplus

budget deficit

national debt

cash transference
 
Flag question: Question 17
Question 171 pts
________ spending for K–12 education comes from ________.

Group of answer choices

The vast majority of; state and local governments, while the federal government contributes a relatively small amount

The vast majority of; the federal government and local governments, while state governments contribute a relatively small amount

All; the federal government

All; state governments
 
Flag question: Question 18
Question 181 pts
If the government provides free temporary housing to individuals who cannot currently afford it, that is an example of a(n)

Group of answer choices

indexed payment.

tax expenditure.

contributory program.

in-kind benefit.
 
Flag question: Question 19
Question 191 pts
A(n) ________ benefit is one where potential recipients must document their genuine need.

Group of answer choices

indexed

contributory

means-tested

in-kind
 
Flag question: Question 20
Question 201 pts
Which of the following would be a good example of a government program that provides an “indexed” social benefit?

Group of answer choices

a federally run program that provides small business owners who hire a military veteran with a cash payment of $2,500 for every six months of the program’s operation

a local government program that provides low-income families with a benefits card that can be used to purchase $5,000 of groceries during every year of the program’s operation, provided they meet certain income thresholds

a federally run program that provides $750 to low-income families in the first year and then increases payments by 1.5 percent in each subsequent year of the program’s operation

a state government program that provides $750 every year to low-income families for every month of the program’s operation
 
Flag question: Question 21
Question 211 pts
Those who believe that the federal government should have little to do with managing the economy believe in

Group of answer choices

Keynesian economics.

supply-side economics.

Laissez-faire capitalism.

socialism.
 
Flag question: Question 22
Question 221 pts
________ policies are designed to eliminate the abuses of powerful ________.

Group of answer choices

Redistributive; tariffs

Fiscal; loopholes

Antitrust; monopolies

Monetary; interest groups
 
Flag question: Question 23
Question 231 pts
Dispute arbitration occurs when a(n)

Group of answer choices

dispute turns into a military conflict, but it is not officially declared a war by the legislative branch.

international disagreement is referred to a neutral third party for resolution.

treaty is made between two or more nations.

agreement is made between the presidents of two countries, but the terms are not legally binding.
 
Flag question: Question 24
Question 241 pts
The two main goals of U.S. foreign policy are security and prosperity.

Group of answer choices

True

False
 
Flag question: Question 25
Question 251 pts
Unilateral economic sanctions are always effective in hobbling the target nation’s economy.

Group of answer choices

True

False
 
Flag question: Question 26
Question 261 pts
What is the role of the State Department in American foreign policy?

Group of answer choices

It coordinates the various sources of national intelligence.

It carries out routine diplomatic activities.

It enforces civilian control of the military.

It sets America’s economic foreign policy.
 
Flag question: Question 27
Question 271 pts
Which of the following is an intelligence agency within the Department of Defense that reports to the president the results of its worldwide electronic surveillance efforts?

Group of answer choices

the National Security Agency

The Central Intelligence Agency

Immigration and Customs Enforcement

the Federal Bureau of Investigation
 
Flag question: Question 28
Question 281 pts
American diplomacy with North Korea has often been difficult because North Korea’s major backer and trading partner, ________, will not cooperate with any effort by the United States to undermine the North Korean regime.

Group of answer choices

the European Union

China

South Korea

Iran
 
Flag question: Question 29
Question 291 pts
The role of director of national intelligence (DNI) emerged from the belief that the intelligence community’s failure to anticipate the September 11, 2001, attacks were the result of a lack of coordination among the various agencies.

Group of answer choices

True

False
 
Flag question: Question 30
Question 301 pts
The main job of the director of national intelligence is to

Group of answer choices

head the Department of Defense when the secretary is out of the country.

act as the primary adviser to the president on foreign policy matters.

serve as a mediator between the CIA, FBI, and National Security Council.

coordinate intelligence gathering and report this information to the president.
 
Flag question: Question 31
Question 311 pts
Particularly concerning national security and war, who among the following has the greatest foreign policy influence?

Group of answer choices

the president

Congress

the Senate

the public
 
Flag question: Question 32
Question 321 pts
What is the purpose of the Director of National Intelligence?

Group of answer choices

The DNI is charged with leading diplomatic activities around the world.

The DNI is the chief director of covert activities around the world.

The DNI was created to coordinate intelligence activities and prepare the president’s daily intelligence summary.

The DNI is in charge of the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) which is charged with maintaining border security and enforcing of immigration laws.
 
Flag question: Question 33
Question 331 pts
Much of the power of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee stems from its

Group of answer choices

unilateral control over the National Security Council.

ability to rescind any executive agreement.

constitutional authority to declare war.

power to confirm presidential appointments.
 
Flag question: Question 34
Question 341 pts
The representation of a government to other foreign governments is called

Group of answer choices

multilateralism.

bilateralism.

a treaty.

diplomacy.
 
Flag question: Question 35
Question 351 pts
What was the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP)?

Group of answer choices

The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) was a military alliance formed between the United States and 11 Pacific Rim nations to limit China’s military influence.

The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) was a nuclear nonproliferation agreement between the United States and 11 Pacific Rim nations.

The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) was a free trade agreement between the United States and 11 Pacific Rim nations.

The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) was a law passed by the U.S. Congress to allow tariffs on goods imported from 11 Pacific Rim nations.
 
Flag question: Question 36
Question 361 pts
Which of the following terms describes a policy designed to curtail the political and military expansion of a hostile power?

Group of answer choices

appeasement

deterrence

containment

isolationism
 
Flag question: Question 37
Question 371 pts
In the sphere of foreign policy, which of the following is NOT a constitutional power possessed by Congress?

Group of answer choices

declaring war

ratifying treaties

confirming foreign ambassadors

signing executive agreements
 
Flag question: Question 38
Question 381 pts
The National Security Council is a “subcabinet” made up of the president, the vice president, and the secretaries of defense, state, and homeland security, plus other presidential appointees, including the director of the CIA and the director of national intelligence.

Group of answer choices

True

False
 
Flag question: Question 39
Question 391 pts
In 2015, the United States and Iran signed an agreement

Group of answer choices

in which the Iranians pledged not to build nuclear weapons in exchange for the United States lifting its economic sanctions against Iran.

that eliminated tariffs on agricultural imports between the two countries.

in which Iranians agreed to share intelligence information about ISIS in exchange for the United States lifting its economic sanctions against Iran.

that secured the release of a number of American hostages taken during the 1979 Iranian revolution.
 
Flag question: Question 40
Question 401 pts
What is the purpose of the World Bank?

Group of answer choices

The purpose of the World Bank is to provide a short-term flow of cash to any country.

The World Bank’s main mission is development aid to poor countries through long-term capital investments.

The World Bank seizes funds from wealthy countries to redistribute to poor countries.

The World Bank is a legal entity that enforces economic sanctions and prosecutes financial fraud on a worldwide scale.
 
Flag question: Question 41
Question 411 pts
Which of the following is true about non-state actors?

Group of answer choices

They can most often be found in rural areas.

They have become a much bigger U.S. security concern since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks.

They are usually operated by a country such as the United States, Argentina, or Saudi Arabia.

They are political entities who share some common cultural experiences and a common political authority.
 
Flag question: Question 42
Question 421 pts
Which of the following is NOT a reason that military force is considered a last resort?

Group of answer choices

It is extremely costly in terms of life and money.

It is risky and can lead to long, drawn-out struggles.

It has been deemed illegal by the United Nations.

It often leads to domestic political troubles.
 
Flag question: Question 43
Question 431 pts
During the “global war on terror,” from 2001 to 2010, U.S. spending on national defense

Group of answer choices

increased steadily.

decreased steadily.

remained constant.

fluctuated dramatically, with large increases in some years and large decreases in other years.
 
Flag question: Question 44
Question 441 pts
When a country imports more goods and services from abroad than it exports, it has a

Group of answer choices

trade deficit.

trade surplus.

consumer deficit.

consumer surplus.
 
Flag question: Question 45
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