Pretend you are a teacher preparing a quiz for the text I will provide. 
            Each quiz question should follow the format below. 
            Ensure that you carefully recheck the questions and answers for accuracy. 
            The output should be a ready-to-use list of dictionaries for the Python eval function:

            [

                    "question": "WRITE THE QUESTION HERE",
                    "options": ["A) OPTION_1", "B) OPTION_2", "C) OPTION_3", "D) OPTION_4"],
                    "answer": INDEX_OF_CORRECT_ANSWER_IN_OPTIONS_LIST,
                    "explanation": "EXPLAIN WHY THE ANSWER IS CORRECT"

            ]

            Text:
            F THE BODY IN HOMEOSTASIS
5 
Components Of Homeostatic System
Homeostatic system in the body acts through self regulating devices, which operate in a cyclic 
manner (Fig. This cycle includes four components:
1.
Sensors or detectors, which recognize the deviation.
2.
Transmission of this message to a control center.
Dr: Asma’a Al-Hnhna
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13.08.2024 
3.
Transmission of information from the control 
center to the effectors for correcting the 
deviation. Transmission of the message or 
information may be an electrical process in the 
form of impulses through nerves or a chemical 
process mainly in the form of hormones 
through blood and body fluids.
4.
Effectors, which correct the deviation.
6 
Mechanism Of Action Of Homeostatic System
Homeostatic mechanism in the body is responsible for maintaining the normalcy of various 
body systems.
•
Whenever there is any change in behavioral pattern of any system, the effectors bring back 
the normalcy either by inhibiting and reversing the change or by supporting and 
accelerating the change depending upon requirement of the situation. 
•
This is achieved by means of feedback signals.
•
Whenever any change occurs, system receives and reacts to two types of feedback:
1. Negative feedback
2. Positive feedback.
Dr: Asma’a Al-Hnhna
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13.08.2024 
7 
Negative feedback 
Negative feedback is the one to which the system reacts in such a way as 
to arrest the change or reverse the direction of change. After receiving a 
message, effectors send negative feedback signals back to the system. 
Now, the system stabilizes its own function and makes an attempt to 
maintain homeostasis. 
Dr: Asma’a Al-Hnhna
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It also means that the bigger the change the bigger the corrective mechanism.
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Many homeostatic mechanisms in the body function through negative 
feedback to maintain a constant value (called the set point). This is the 
most important point in this topic!
8 
Homeostasis
Dr: Asma’a Al-Hnhna
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So, in a system controlled by negative feedback, the set level is never perfectly maintained, 
but constantly oscillates about the set point. An efficient homeostatic system minimizes the 
size of the oscillations. 
Negative feedback applies to electronic circuits and central heating systems as well as to 
biological systems. 
e.g. When your oven gets too hot, the heating switches off; this allows the oven to cool down. 
Eventually it will get too cold, when the heating will switch back in, so raising the temperature 
once again. 
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
This is particularly true in hormone-controlled homeostatic mechanisms (and most are), 
where there is a significant time-lag before the corrective mechanism can be activated. 
Why???
→→This is because it takes time for protein synthesis to commence, the hormone to 
diffuse into the blood-steam, and for it to circulate around the body and take effect. 

Some variation must be permitted, however, or both corrective mechanisms would try to 
operate at once! 
Dr: Asma’a Al-Hnh

            Quiz: