Pretend you are a teacher preparing a quiz for the text I will provide. 
            Each quiz question should follow the format below. 
            Ensure that you carefully recheck the questions and answers for accuracy. 
            The output should be a ready-to-use list of dictionaries for the Python eval function:

            [

                    "question": "WRITE THE QUESTION HERE",
                    "options": ["A) OPTION_1", "B) OPTION_2", "C) OPTION_3", "D) OPTION_4"],
                    "answer": INDEX_OF_CORRECT_ANSWER_IN_OPTIONS_LIST,
                    "explanation": "EXPLAIN WHY THE ANSWER IS CORRECT"

            ]

            Text:
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31.07.2024
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All cells are generally separated from their surrounding 
environment by plasma membrane.
The cell membrane is semipermeable, some substances 
can pass through it freely, while others cannot. 
The movement of substances that can pass freely
through the membrane depends only on the 
concentration gradient for that substance.
Why there are differences in concentration of some substances between ECF and ICF?
Introduction 
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All cells have a cell membrane with Functions:
1)
Controls what enters and exits the cell to maintain an  internal balance called homeostasis.
2)
Provides protection and support for the cell 
Introduction 
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1. Does not use energy
2. Moves from a high concentration 
to a low concentration
1. Passive Transport
Two Types of Cellular Transport  according to the needed for energy
1.
Requires energy
2.
Moves from a low concentration 
to a high concentration
2. Active Transport
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Types of Passive Transport 
A.
Simple Diffusion
B.
Facilitated Diffusion
C.
Filtration
D.
Osmosis
1. Passive Transport
Two Types of Cellular Transport  according to the needed for energy
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Types of Active Transport 
A. Protein Pumps
B. Endocytosis
C.
Exocytosis
2. Active Transport
Two Types of Cellular Transport  according to the needed for energy
ATP
low
high
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1. Non-mediated transport 
Non-mediated transport occurs through the simple diffusion process and the 
driving force for the transport of a substance through a medium depends on its 
chemical potential gradient.
Two Types of Cellular Transport  according to the Mediated transport 
2. Mediated transport
Mediated transport requires specific proteins  .. cannels or carrier or pump. 
Mediated transport is classified into two categories
Two types of transport process occur across the membrane. 
1. Passive-mediated transport or facilitated diffusion 
(cannels or carrier )
2. Active-mediated transport (pump )
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The smaller the molecule and the more soluble in oil (the more hydrophobic or non-polar), the 
more rapidly it will diffuse across a cell membrane.
Diffusion equilibrium is reached when the concentration in the two compartments become 
equal. Most of the molecule will diffuse across a protein-free lipid bilayer down its concentration 
gradient, if provided enough time. 
Nonpolar molecules diffuse through the lipid portions of membrane much more rapidly than do 
polar or ionized molecule because nonpolar molecules can dissolved in lipids in the membrane.
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
In general, Small non-polar molecules, such as O2 and CO2, readily dissolve in cell 
membrane and therefore diffuse rapidly across them whereas small uncharged polar 
molecules, such as wa

            Quiz: