You are a helpful assistant generating synthetic data that captures *System 1* and *System 2* thinking, *creativity*, and *metacognitive reflection*. Follow these steps in sequence, using tags [sys1] and [end sys1] for *System 1* sections and [sys2] and [end sys2] for *System 2* sections.

1. *Identify System 1 and System 2 Thinking Requirements:*
   - Carefully read the text.
   - Identify parts of the text that require quick, straightforward responses (*System 1*). Mark these sections with [sys1] and [end sys1].
   - Identify parts that require in-depth, reflective thinking (*System 2*), marked with [sys2] and [end sys2].

2. *Apply Step-by-Step Problem Solving with Creativity and Metacognitive Reflection for System 2 Sections:*

   *2.1 Understand the Problem:*
   - Objective: Fully comprehend the issue, constraints, and relevant context.
   - Reflection: "What do I understand about this issue? What might I be overlooking?"
   - Creative Perspective: Seek hidden patterns or possibilities that could reveal deeper insights or innovative connections.

   *2.2 Analyze the Information:*
   - Objective: Break down the problem logically.
   - Reflection: "Am I considering all factors? Are there any assumptions that need challenging?"
   - Creative Perspective: Explore unique patterns or overlooked relationships in the data that could add depth to the analysis.

   *2.3 Generate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Propose at least 10 hypotheses, each with a Confidence Score (0.0 to 1.0) and Creative Score (0.0 to 1.0), reflecting originality, surprise, and utility.
   - Reflection: "Have I explored all possible explanations or approaches, both conventional and unconventional?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider novel angles that might provide unexpected insights.

   *2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:*
   - Objective: Make predictions, accounting for potential outcomes and obstacles.
   - Reflection: "What challenges might I face? Is my plan flexible for different scenarios?"
   - Creative Perspective: Visualize unforeseen outcomes and adapt plans to make use of them effectively.

   *2.5 Evaluate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Assess hypotheses based on feasibility, risk, and potential impact.
   - Evaluation: Refine Confidence and Creative Scores as needed.
   - Reflection: "Am I unbiased in my assessment? Which options fit best with the overall objectives?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify hidden opportunities or overlooked details in each hypothesis.

   *2.6 Select the Best Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Choose the most promising, strategic hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Why does this hypothesis stand out? How does it uniquely address the issue?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider any underutilized potential in the selected approach.

   *2.7 Implement the Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Outline actionable steps for testing the hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Is this plan practical? What resources or preparation are required?"
   - Creative Perspective: Refine steps to maximize effectiveness and yield unexpected benefits.

   *2.8 Monitor and Review Progress:*
   - Objective: Review progress, noting areas for improvement.
   - Reflection: "What’s working well? What could be improved?"
   - Creative Perspective: Look for emerging patterns that could refine future approaches.

   *2.9 Reflect and Capture Insights:*
   - Objective: Summarize lessons learned and insights gained for future reference.
   - Reflection: "What new understanding has emerged from this process?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify innovative insights or patterns that could be applied to similar challenges.

3. *Generate Text Output with Interleaved System 1 and System 2 Responses:*
   - Use the tags [sys1] and [sys2] throughout.
   - Aim for a lengthier, detailed response. Combine both direct, straightforward *System 1* insights and reflective, deeply analytical *System 2* segments to capture a blend of quick observations and thoughtful analysis.

---

### *Example Input Text:*

You are tasked with analyzing a sudden shift in customer preferences in a tech market. There has been a noticeable decline in demand for physical devices, with customers increasingly interested in digital-only options. The challenge is to understand this shift, generate hypotheses for why it might be occurring, and explore potential strategies for adapting to this new trend.

---

### *Processed Output with System 1 and System 2 Thinking:*

The tech market is experiencing a shift in customer demand, moving away from physical devices toward digital-only options.

[sys1]
Customer demand has shifted from physical devices to digital-only options.
We need to understand why this change is happening and find strategies to address it.
Key factors may include cost, convenience, and technological trends.
[end sys1]

[sys2]
**2.1 Understand the Problem:**
The goal is to understand the underlying reasons for the shift in demand from physical devices to digital-only options, then develop a strategy to adapt.

*Reflection:* 
"I understand that preferences are changing, but what might be driving this? Is it primarily cost, or are there other factors such as convenience or sustainability?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could there be a larger trend in digital minimalism or a preference for eco-friendly solutions that we’re missing? What unseen motivations might explain this shift?"

**2.2 Analyze the Information:**
There are multiple possible factors driving this shift, from economic influences to cultural shifts. It’s essential to isolate each factor and understand its impact.

*Reflection:* 
"Am I fully considering the various economic and social influences? Could there be a technological factor, like better internet speeds, that makes digital-only products more accessible?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Are there patterns or trends in other markets that could shed light on this shift? Could this be part of a larger trend toward virtual experiences?"

**2.3 Generate Hypotheses:**
1. Customers prefer digital options due to lower costs. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.4)
2. There’s a growing trend toward minimalism and reduced physical clutter. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.7)
3. Digital products offer greater flexibility and ease of use. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
4. Environmental concerns are pushing consumers away from physical goods. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.8)
5. Advances in tech make digital-only options more functional. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.5)
6. Pandemic-era remote work increased demand for digital solutions. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.6)
7. Media coverage of the environmental impact of physical devices affects preferences. (Confidence: 0.5, Creative: 0.7)
8. There’s an increase in global digital literacy, expanding market access. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
9. Customers view digital as more convenient and scalable for future needs. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.5)
10. Younger consumers prefer the aesthetics and convenience of digital products. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)

*Reflection:* 
"Have I considered all possible influences? Are there any surprising factors that could explain this shift?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could specific social trends, like the rise of influencer culture or digital-first lifestyles, be influencing customer choices?"

**2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:**
*Objective:* Anticipate possible challenges, such as resistance from segments still preferring physical products.

*Reflection:* 
"What market obstacles might we face if we shift our focus to digital-only? Are there sub-segments that still prioritize physical products?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could expanding digital options help us reach a more global audience? Are there emerging trends that we could leverage in our strategy?"

[end sys2]

[sys1]
To address this shift, consider a strategy that incorporates both digital-only offerings and educational campaigns about the benefits of digital solutions.
Use insights from customer feedback and current trends to guide product development.
Focus on flexibility and adaptation to cater to different customer segments.
[end sys1]


Bosnia and Herzegovina

News about Bosnia and Herzegovina, including commentary and archival articles published in The New York Times.

Chronology of Coverage

Jul. 11, 2015

Op-Ed article by scholar and policy expert Edward P Joseph contends 20th anniversary of Sbrenica massacre offers chance to refocus on unsettled injustices of tragedy; warns peace achieved after Bosnian war is fraying with rise of radical Islam and Russian influence, and those who deny event persist; calls upon Serbs of good faith and international community to reject revisionism and seek justice. MORE

Jul. 9, 2015

Tragedy of 1995 Srebrenica Massacre of 8,000 Muslims continues with identification remains of 136 victims and Russian government veto of United Nations resolution calling act a crime of genocide. MORE

Jun. 25, 2015

Bosnian court sentences former soldiers Bosiljko Markovic and Ostoja Markovic to 10 years in prison and orders them to pay $15,160 to Croatian woman they raped during Serb attack on her village in 1992; trailblazing verdict paves way for legal practice adjustments that could bring war criminals to justice and compensate their victims in one trial. MORE

Jun. 7, 2015

Pope Francis, during visit to Bosnia, calls for religious reconciliation and end to sectarian conflicts, both in that country and around world. MORE

Mar. 19, 2015

Prosecutors in Serbia say eight men suspected of participation in 1995 Srebrenica massacre have been arrested; is first apprehension of any of those accused of killing Bosnians in Europe's worst slaughter since World War II. MORE

Mar. 1, 2015

Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials say they will deport at least 150 Bosnians who they believe participated in war crimes during 1990s conflict in former Yugoslavia; say they have identified 300 immigrants who came to United States and concealed their involvement in wartime atrocities. MORE

Jan. 31, 2015

Appeals judges at Yugoslav war crimes tribunal in The Hague uphold life sentences for Vujadin Popovic and Ljubisa Beara, former Bosnian Serb army officers who took part in 1995 Srebrenica massacre killing estimated 8,000 Muslim men and boys. MORE

Dec. 6, 2014

Serbia and Bosnia, former enemies, cooperate to arrest 5 Serbs and 10 Bosnian Serbs more than two decades after torture and murder of about 20 people at a remote rail depot in Bosnia and Herzegovina; arrests are reminder of the unresolved crimes of the conflict in the former Yugoslavia; members of Bosnian Serb militia are also captured, and prosecutors hope to glean more information from them about their superiors who spearheaded massacre. MORE

Nov. 14, 2014

Police in Bosnia arrest 11 people accused of fighting alongside Islamist militants in Syria and Iraq or recruiting and raising money for such groups. MORE

Nov. 6, 2014

United Nations war crimes tribunal in The Hague proposes temporary release for Vojislav Seselj, Serbian nationalist leader whose health has seriously deteriorated while awaiting end of his long-running trial; Seselj is charged with inciting others to commit war crimes in Croatia and in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1990s. MORE

Oct. 8, 2014

War crimes trial of Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic ends following four years of hearings and testimony; prosecutors call for the conviction and life imprisonment of Karadzic on 11 charges, including genocide, stemming from the 1992-95 war; Karadzic proclaims his innocence. MORE

Sep. 30, 2014

Prosecutors demand life sentence for former Bosnian leader Radovan Karadzic as his trial for war crimes draws to close. MORE

Jul. 17, 2014

Dutch court rules that Netherlands government is liable for the deaths of about 300 victims of the 1995 Srebrenica massacre in Bosnia, Europe’s worst ethnically motivated mass murder since World War II, saying that United Nations team of Dutch peacekeepers failed to prevent those deaths. MORE

Jun. 30, 2014

Vienna Philharmonic performs at centenary weekend celebration in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, marking 100 years since assassination that unleashed World War I; orchestra's selections are chosen carefully in effort to remember past events and to express hopes that country may see end to sectarian strife and eventually join European Union. MORE

Jun. 27, 2014

Nationalist and sectarian passions continue to haunt Bosnia, which was ravaged by a civil war just two decades ago; nation is even now the scene of dueling efforts to define the legacy of Gavrilo Princip, Bosnian Serb who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie, setting off World War I. MORE

Jun. 11, 2014

Ethnic enclave in St Louis known as Little Bosnia is joyfully preparing for Bosnia's first appearance in the World Cup; an estimated 40,000 to 70,000 Bosnians settled in St Louis following war in the newly independent Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina some 20 years ago. MORE

Jun. 1, 2014

Remains of those killed in the genocide that occurred in Srebenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina, during the Bosnian war continue to turn up, part of international effort to identify victims and perpetrators of the war; effort is unsettling reconciliation between Muslims and Serbs in the town, which was the site of the worst slaughter to occur in Europe since World War II. MORE

May. 19, 2014

Torrential rains in Serbia and Bosnia cause most intense flooding region has seen since record-keeping began over century ago, and result in 33 deaths and thousands of evacuations; rains cause landslides and widespread destruction. MORE

Apr. 16, 2014

Judges at The Hague refuse to throw out two charges of genocide against former Bosnian Serb military commander Ratko Mladic, saying there is enough evidence for his war-crimes trial to continue on all counts. MORE

Feb. 23, 2014

Op-Ed article by author Aleksandar Hemon and scholar Jasmin Mujanovic contends it is amazing that Bosnian elites thought the situation in their country was sustainable and that they are shocked by the uprising of united citizens; maintains America and the European Union must stand with the Bosnian people against the leaders. MORE

Feb. 19, 2014

Op-Ed article by Croatian philosopher and author Srecko Horvat describes how protesters across Bosnia and Herzegovina are organizing plenums to create alternative governments by night, even as they occupy streets and public squares by day; contends that the situation shows that the people of the country are no longer interested in European Union or other outside intervention, and that they are struggling to create a better country for themselves. MORE

Feb. 15, 2014

Bosnians, diplomats and analysts say the violence that erupted across Bosnia and Herzegovina has roots that can be traced to the 1995 Dayton accords, which brought peace but imposed a dysfunctional government that has stymied progress. MORE

Feb. 11, 2014

Bosnia's most widespread antigovernment protests in almost two decades shut down the center of Sarajevo and five other cities as demonstrators vent their anger at politicians whom they view as self-serving and corrupt. MORE

Feb. 8, 2014

Thousands of angry Bosnians take to the streets for a fourth day of protests against the political paralysis and economic stagnation that have engulfed one of Europe's poorest and most divided countries. MORE

Jan. 22, 2014

Op-Ed article by author Philippe Leroux-Martin warns that peace talks between the government of Syria's Pres Bashar al-Assad and the Syrian opposition face daunting challenges; outlines parallels between Syria and Bosnia that could serve as lessons for the peace process. MORE

Aug. 31, 2013

Frederik Harhoff, Danish judge who criticized the president of the United Nations tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and the court's decisions, is removed from his current case on the grounds that his remarks make him appear to be biased. MORE

Aug. 31, 2013

More than 2,000 Serbians welcome home Momcilo Krajisnik, who was convicted in 2000 by the Yugoslav war crimes tribunal of persecuting and forcibly expelling non-Serbs during the war in Bosnia in 1990s; Krajisnik was released from prison after serving two-thirds of his 20-year sentence. MORE

Jul. 12, 2013

Appeals judges at United Nations war crimes tribunal in The Hague reinstate genocide charge against Radovan Karadzic, wartime leader of Bosnian Serbs, reversing 2012 decision by lower court; ruling means Karadzic will once again face two genocide charges for much of the brutal campaign across large parts of Bosnia during the 1992-1995 war. MORE

Jul. 10, 2013

Thousands of mourners line streets of Sarajevo as trucks carry remains of 409 newly identified victims of 1995 Srebrenica massacre to their final resting place in village of Potocari. MORE

Jun. 15, 2013

Frederik Harhoff of Denmark, judge at International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, exposes deep rift at court's highest levels, suggesting in blistering letter that court's American president Theodor Meron pressured other judges into approving acquittals of top Serb and Croat commanders accused of atrocities during wars in Bosnia and Croatia in 1990s. MORE

Jun. 8, 2013

About 1,500 lawmakers, government employees and foreign guests are freed after thousands of irate protesters form human chain around Bosnian Parliament building in Sarajevo for 14 hours to demonstrate against impasse over law on identification documents; previous law lapsed in February, leaving all babies born since then without identification documents necessary to travel abroad or see a doctor. MORE

May. 30, 2013

United Nations tribunal in The Hague convicts 6 Bosnian Croats of persecuting and murdering Muslim civilians as part of 'ethnic cleansing' campaign during 1992-95 Bosnian war. MORE

May. 26, 2013

United Nations war crimes tribunal is set to issue verdicts for Jovica Stanisic and Franko Simatovic, high-ranking officials under Serbian Pres Slobodan Milosevic, potentially providing link legally tying Serbian state to war crimes in Bosnia and Croatia. MORE

Apr. 27, 2013

Bosnian police arrest Zivko Budimir, president of the Bosnian-Croat Federation, and 18 others as part of corruption investigation. MORE

Mar. 28, 2013

Yugoslav war crimes tribunal convicts Bosnian Serb police chiefs Mico Stanisic and Stojan Zuplanin for participating in violent ethnic cleansing campaign against non-Serbs during war of early 1990s. MORE

Mar. 1, 2013

United Nations appeals court overturns war crimes conviction of Momcilo Perisic, former Yugoslav Army chief who was sentenced to 27 years in prison for aiding and abetting atrocities in Bosnia and Croatia; decision, coming as shock to victims' groups, is one of series of such reversals appearing to change story line of war by narrowing definition of crimes for which military leaders can be held responsible. MORE

Jan. 18, 2013

United Nations apologizes for standing ovation during conclusion of Serbian song March on the Drina at concert in United Nations General Assembly; Secretary Gen Ban Ki Moon and other senior officials did not realize that song is associated with massacres carried out in 1990s against civilians under protection of United Nations peacekeepers; Bosnian survivor organizations protested paying of song and reaction to it. MORE

Dec. 13, 2012

Zdravko Tolimir, former senior commander of Bosnian Serb Army, is convicted by United Nations tribunal of genocide and sentenced to life in prison for his role in killings of thousands of prisoners near Bosnian town of Srebrenica in July 1995. MORE

Nov. 17, 2012

United Nations appeals court in The Hague unexpectedly overturns war crimes convictions of Croatian generals Ante Gotovina and Mladen Markac, who led 1995 campaign that helped end wars involving Serbia, Bosnia and Croatia but also left several hundred Serbian civilians dead and drove more than 150,000 from their homes. MORE

Oct. 31, 2012

Sec of State Hillary Clinton urges Bosnian leaders to work together and warns that their country could fall behind the rest of Europe if they do not make overdue reforms; comments are made during joint trip made with European Union official Catherine Ashton; trip is meant to encourage Bosnia, Serbia and Kosovo to resolve lingering disputes and advance their political and economic integration with Europe. MORE

Oct. 17, 2012

Bosnian Serb wartime leader Radovan Karadzic, once known for his virulent speeches, tells international judges in new phase of his genocide trial that he is a 'mild' and 'tolerant' man and that he did everything in his power to stop the war in Bosnia. MORE

Jul. 10, 2012

Trial of Ratko Mladic, the wartime Bosnian Serb general, resumes after a break for his defense team to prepare; Elvedin Pasic breaks down in tears several times as he testifies about one of the 1992-95 Bosnian war’s early large-scale killings of civilians that included many of his friends and relatives. MORE

Jun. 29, 2012

Radovan Karadzic, the former Bosnian Serb psychiatrist who became a nationalist wartime leader, fails in his bid to get his war crimes trial in The Hague halted and have all charges thrown out for lack of sufficient evidence; two counts are dropped but he will stand trial on the remaining count of genocide for his role in the massacre at Srebrenica in 1995, as well as on nine other counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity from the 1992-95 war in Bosnia. MORE

May. 25, 2012

War crimes trial of Ratko Mladic, the former Bosnian Serb general, will resume one month later than originally planned after a judge grants his defense team extra time to prepare. MORE

May. 18, 2012

Prosecutors, on the second day of the genocide trial of the former Bosnian Serb military commander Ratko Mladic, describe in detail the events leading to and during the 1995 massacre of some 8,000 men and boys in Srebrenica; as session adjourns, judges order further proceedings postponed until more evidence can be disclosed to the defense. MORE

May. 17, 2012

Ratko Mladic, the former Bosnian Serb military commander who ran a deadly campaign in the 1990s, goes on trial at The Hague for war crimes, genocide and related charges; he has refused to enter a formal plea but says he is not guilty of wrongdoing; courtroom is filled with relatives of victims he is alleged to have killed or ordered killed. MORE

May. 4, 2012

Op-Ed article by Kenan Trebincevic describes how the deep resentment inspired by ethnic conflict in the former Yugoslavia persists, even in the immigrant community in Queens, NYC. MORE

Apr. 25, 2012

Bosnia, Serbia, Croatia and Montenegro announce that they have raised about $395 million to help house 74,000 people who have been living as refugees for more than two decades after fleeing their homes during the wars in the former Yugoslavia. MORE

Feb. 16, 2012

Yugoslav war crimes tribunal at The Hague pushes back the start of the long-awaited genocide trial of former Bosnian Serb military chief Gen Ratko Mladic to May 14 to allow Mladic’s lawyers more time to prepare. MORE

Dec. 28, 2011

United States extradites Muslim Bosnian woman Rasema Handanovic, who is suspected of taking part in the mass killings of Croatian civilians in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1993, when she was a member of a special unit of the Bosnian Army. MORE

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A crowd of furious Bosnian Muslims attacked Serbia’s prime minister with stones and water bottles on Saturday, marring the 20th anniversary commemorations of the massacre in Srebrenica, in eastern Bosnia.