translate into arabic but be accurate and don't skip any word. " The Arctic small tool tradition is a broad cultural
entity that developed along the Alaska
Peninsula, around Bristol Bay, and on the
eastern shores of the Bering Strait around 2,500
BCE (4,500 years ago).[69] These Paleo-Arctic
peoples had a highly distinctive toolkit of small
blades (microblades) that were pointed at both
ends and used as side- or end-barbs on arrows
or spears made of other materials, such as bone
or antler. Scrapers, engraving tools and adze
blades were also included in their toolkits.[69]
The Arctic small tool tradition branches off into
two cultural variants, including the Pre-Dorset,
and the Independence traditions. These two
groups, ancestors of Thule people, were
displaced by the Inuit by 1000 Common Era
(CE)169];179-81

The placement of artifacts and materials within
an Archaic burial site indicated social
differentiation based upon status.[58] There is a
continuous record of occupation of S'Olh
Temexw by Aboriginal people dating from the
early Holocene period, 100000-9,000 years ago.
[62] Archaeological sites at Stave Lake,
Coquitlam Lake, Fort Langley and region
uncovered early period artifacts. These early
inhabitants were highly mobile hunter-gatherers,
consisting of about 20 to 50 members of an
extended farnily.[62]Iverification needed] The
Na-Dene people occupied much of the land area
of northwest and central North America starting
around 8,000 BCE.[63] They were the earliest
ancestors of the Athabaskan-speaking peoples,
including the Navajo and Apache. They had
villages with large multi-family dwellings, used
seasonally during the summer, from which they
hunted, fished and gathered food supplies for
the winter[64] The Wendat peoples settled into
Southern Ontario along the Eramosa River
around 8,000-7,000 BCE (10,000-9,000 years
ago).[65] They were concentrated between Lake
Simcoe and Georgian Bay. Wendat hunted
caribou to survive on the glacier-covered land.
[65] Many different First Nations cultures relied
upon the buffalo starting by 6,000-5,000 BCE
(8,000-7,000 years ago).[65] They hunted
buffalo by herding migrating buffalo off cliffs.
Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump, near
Lethbridge, Alberta, is a hunting grounds that
was in use for about 5,000 years.[65]

The Piano cultures was a group of hunter-
gatherer communities that occupied the Great
Plains area of North America between 12,000—
10,000 years ago.[56] The Paleo-Indians moved
into new territory as it emerged from under the
glaciers. Big game flourished in this new
environment.[57] The Plano culture are
characterized by a range of projectile point tools
collectively called Piano points, which were used
to hunt bison. Their diets also included
pronghorn, elk, deer, raccoon and coyota[56] At
the beginning of the Archaic Era, they began to
adopt a sedentary approach to subsistence.[56]
Sites in and around Belmont, Nova Scotia have
evidence of Plano-Indians, indicating small
seasonal hunting camps, perhaps re-visited over
generations from around 11,000-10,000 years
ago.[56] Seasonal large and smaller game fish
and fowl were food and raw material sources.
Adaptation to the harsh environment included
tailored clothing and skin-covered tents on
wooden frames.[56]

Archaic period
The North American climate stabilized by 8000
BCE (10,000 years ago); climatic conditions
were very similar to todays.[58] This led to
widespread migration, cultivation and later a
dramatic rise in population all over the
Americas.[58] Over the course of thousands of
years, American indigenous peoples
domesticated, bred and cultivated a large array
of plant species. These species now constitute
50 — 60% of all crops in cultivation worldwide.
[59]



A Clovis point created using bi-facial percussion
flaking that is, each face is flaked on both
edges alternatively with a percussor)
Clovis sites dated at 13,500 years ago were
discovered in western North America during the
1930s, Clovis peoples were regarded as the first
widespread Paleo-Indian inhabitants of the New
World and ancestors to all indigenous peoples
in the Americass[491Archaeological discoveries
in the past thirty years have brought forward
other distinctive knapping cultures who
occupied the Americas from the lower Great
Plains to the shores of Chile,[50]     "