Pretend you are a teacher preparing a quiz for the text I will provide. 
            Each quiz question should follow the format below. 
            Ensure that you carefully recheck the questions and answers for accuracy. 
            The output should be a ready-to-use list of dictionaries for the Python eval function:

            [

                    "question": "WRITE THE QUESTION HERE",
                    "options": ["A) OPTION_1", "B) OPTION_2", "C) OPTION_3", "D) OPTION_4"],
                    "answer": INDEX_OF_CORRECT_ANSWER_IN_OPTIONS_LIST,
                    "explanation": "EXPLAIN WHY THE ANSWER IS CORRECT"

            ]

            Text:
            se by the following actions:Blood Glucose Homeostasis 
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i. Increasing glycogenolysis in liver and releasing glucose 
from the liver cells into the blood. 
ii. Increasing gluconeogenesis in liver.
iii. Glucagon shows lipolytic and ketogenic actions.
•
Lipolysis by increasing the release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue and 
making them available for peripheral utilization. 
•
The lipolytic activity of glucagon, in turn promotes ketogenesis (formation of 
ketone bodies) in liver.
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
After a meal, glucose is absorbed from the gut into the hepatic portal 
vein, increasing the blood glucose concentration. This is detected by 
the pancreas, which secretes insulin from its β-cells in response. Blood Glucose Homeostasis 

Insulin causes glucose to be taken up by the liver and converted to glycogen. This reduces 
blood glucose, which causes the pancreas to stop secreting insulin. 

If the glucose level falls too far, the pancreas detects this and releases glucagon from its α-cells, 
causes the liver to break down some of its glycogen store to glucose, which diffuses into the 
blood. This increases blood glucose, which causes the pancreas to stop producing glucagon.
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Blood Glucose Homeostasis 
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
Because blood glucose levels are allowed to deviate from the set point by about 20%
before any corrective mechanism is activated, glucagon and insulin can never both be 
produced at the same time.
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Diabetes Mellitus 

Diabetes is a disease caused by a failure of glucose homeostasis. There are two forms of the 
disease.
1)
In type 1 diabetes (30%) (also known as insulin-dependent or early-onset diabetes) there is 
a severe insulin deficiency due to an autoimmune reaction, killing off the β-cells. 
This appears to be an inherited condition, possibly triggered by a virus. In this form of the 
diabetes, no insulin is produced.
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2) In type 2 diabetes (70%) (also known as non insulin-
dependent diabetes or late-onset diabetes), insulin is 
produced, but the insulin receptors in the target cells 
don’t work, so insulin has no effect.Diabetes Mellitus 
•
This is often a response to years of over-production of 
insulin, caused by a high-sugar diet. 
•
It is estimated that 40% of UK adults over 70 are 
diabetic to some extent. 
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In both cases there is a very high blood glucose concentration after a meal, so the active 
transport pumps in the proximal convoluted tubule of the kidney can’t reabsorb it all from 
the kidney filtrate, and glucose is excreted in urine. 
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
Copious urine production due to excess water in blood. 

Poor vision due to osmotic loss of water from the eye lens. 

Tiredness due to loss of glucose in urine and poor uptake of glucose by liver and muscle cells.

‘Ketone breath’ caused by the body breakin

            Quiz: