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A kind of plant growth information monitoring system and method based on Internet of Things
Technical field
The present invention relates to IT application to agriculture technical field, specifically a kind of plant growth information monitoring systems based on Internet of Things System and method.
Background technique
With the development of science and technology, modern agriculture develops towards the direction of more scale.In traditional small rule In mould agricultural planting, manager to field, which observes by the naked eye Crop Information and experience, can quickly judge the growth shape of crops Condition simultaneously takes rapidly corresponding effective measures, such as application, fertilising, irrigation, harvest.However, for the extensive work of modernization Species are planted, and are difficult to grasp the upgrowth situation of crop in real time comprehensively by the way of traditional.Large-scale crop-planting requires management Person has the administrative mechanism of the ability and science that quickly obtain crop growth conditions in real time.In recent years, Internet of Things is agriculture real-time Effect in control and automated production is more and more wider, such as detection and diagnosis, the crop nutrition condition of pest and disease damage need water information The distributed capture of data and the real-time monitoring of growing environment etc..Currently, domestic grower empirically judges that crop needs mostly Water, nutrient, pest and disease damage and growing way situation, and also according to empirically determined irrigation volume, dose and activity duration etc., this method Time and effort consuming, and be easy to appear information collection and do not lead to miss the best opportunity for carrying out field management entirely.Using Internet of Things reality When monitoring crops overall process growth information state system it is more rare, and by the technology be introduced into crop-planting production in can To bring huge technological change, it is not only able to achieve the accurate judgement carried out to crop growth situation and accurate operation, but also Crop yield can be improved, cost of labor is reduced.
In recent years, staff begins to focus on application of the Internet of Things in terms of crop growth information monitoring；It is Chinese special Sharp (CN106657401A) discloses a kind of monitoring of crop growth platform and its monitoring method based on Internet of Things, the patent It is stored by the crop growth environment information that multiple data acquisition nodes remotely send acquisition into server database, and Terminal show real time information, can remote collection real time information save to database and draw curve, but be not implemented according to reality When acquisition data carry out Decision Control.Chinese patent (CN103442052A) discloses a kind of farmland crop growth information and remotely supervises Device and method is surveyed, is to carry out networking by establishing gateway, data acquire and be remotely sent to server, being capable of remote collection reality When crop, atmosphere, soil information, save to database and web displaying and draw curve, the patent is mainly for agricultural The parallel remote access method of multipath of Internet of things system built with data transmission, is not directed to crop growth overall process letter Breath acquisition and application.
In conclusion crops monitoring system of internet of things in the prior art, builds, data are adopted mainly for Internet of things system Collection transmission and information storage display aspect, it is rare to be related to the information collection of crop growth overall process and application.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome disadvantage of the existing technology, a kind of plant growth letter based on Internet of Things is provided Breath monitoring system and method realize long-range acquisition crop growthing state information, growing environment information, disease and insect information, length in real time Remote data is simultaneously sent to server preservation, display by gesture information, and provides alarm, query function, to help grower quasi- Really judge crop growth situation, provides real-time effective decision information for accurate operation.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the specific technical solution that the present invention uses is as follows:
A kind of plant growth information monitoring system based on Internet of Things, including information Perception system, wireless transmitting system and Intelligent management system, the information Perception system include Soil Moisture Monitoring module, pest and disease monitoring module, the monitoring of crop nutritional status Module, weeds monitoring modular, crop condition monitoring module and field inspection car, the Soil Moisture Monitoring module real-time monitoring soil contain Water rate, pest and disease monitoring module and weeds monitoring modular realize the detection of disease and insect information, crop battalion by image analysis processing The nutrient situation of state monitoring module real-time monitoring crop growth environment is supported, crop condition monitoring module acquires plant growth image To analyze the growing way situation of crop；Field inspection car front and tail portion are equipped near infrared camera and multispectral camera, and install There is BEI-DOU position system；
The wireless transmitting system includes n acquisition node, aggregation node and wireless communication module, and each acquisition node is equal It is communicated with aggregation node, module and intelligent management system communicate aggregation node by wireless communication；
The intelligent management system includes server, database, page end, and wherein server is connect by wireless transmitting system The information that breath sensory perceptual system of collecting mail acquires, and save to database, so that display and Drawing of Curve are carried out in page end, to provide The function of data screening and inquiry, user can access page end by terminal device.
In above scheme, the Soil Moisture Monitoring module includes soil temperature-moisture sensor, small-sized weather station and the first control Device, the first controller and soil temperature-moisture sensor, small-sized weather station connect, and read sensor real time data and weather station is adopted The weather information of collection.
In above scheme, the pest and disease monitoring module includes multiple cameras, remote photographic formula intelligent spore capture instrument And remote photographic formula intelligence detecting and reporting pest information device, the camera acquires crop image according to demand can to judge whether there is naked eyes See pest and disease damage, the capture instrument timed shooting captures spore, and is transferred to server；The detecting and reporting pest information device timed shooting is caught Insect is grasped, and is transferred to server；When three of the above instrument is detected with disease and insect information start field inspection car, with into Enter field large area acquisition plant growth image；The capture instrument, detecting and reporting pest information device capture instrument, traditional insect pest situation survey in tradition respectively Camera and controller are increased on the basis of report device.
In above scheme, the crop nutritional status monitoring modular includes N P and K sensor and second controller, described N P and K sensor is embedded in soil, and to measure soil nitrogen phosphorus potassium content, second controller is connected with N P and K sensor, and Sensing data is read in real time, and field inspection car acquires leaf image by multispectral camera and carries out analysis crop nutrition condition.
In above scheme, the weeds monitoring modular and crop condition monitoring module include multiple cameras, the camera It is shared with the camera of pest and disease monitoring module, starts field inspection car progress weeds in field information when detecting weeds information and adopt Collection.
A kind of plant growth information monitoring method based on Internet of Things, comprising the following steps:
Step (1), crop-planting data input pass through typing long-term cropping product in server system interface after crop-planting Kind, plantation date, soil characteristic and field information；
Threshold value setting: the threshold of soil moisture, soil nitrogen phosphorus potassium content, weed density, pest and disease damage degree is arranged in step (2) Value, when monitoring network analysis result is more than threshold value, server system interface sounds an alarm pattern prompt monitoring personnel to carry out phase It should operate, including irrigation, fertilising, weeding, application；
Step (3), crop growth environment information collection: Soil Moisture Monitoring module Fixed Time Interval reads soil temperature and humidity letter Breath and weather station information (temperature, humidity, wind speed, rainfall) are simultaneously sent to server progress data preservation, server statistics point Drawing of Curve and display are carried out in page end after analysis, inquiry, screening function are provided；
Step (4), the acquisition of weeds insect pest information: after plant growth for a period of time, server receives the image information of weeds Image information and analysis with pest and disease damage, if discovery pest and disease damage or weeds information, start field inspection car by multispectral and Near infrared camera, which is taken pictures, to be acquired data and analyzes, if pest and disease damage or weeds are obvious as the result is shown for analysis, carries out corresponding operation；
Step (5), crop nutritional status information collection: after plant growth for a period of time, server receives N P and K data And analyze, if N-P-K content is lower in discovery soil, starts field inspection car and taken pictures by EO-1 hyperion and near infrared camera Data are acquired, crop leaf nutrition condition is analyzed, to determine the need for carrying out fertilising operation；
Step (6), crop growing state information collection: estimating the crop maturity time, when close to the crop maturity phase, passes through camera Crop growing state information is acquired, teletransmission to server is simultaneously analyzed, and is started field inspection car if growing way tends to be mature and is carried out closely The crop image collection analysis of distance carries out harvest operation if analysis as the result is shown maturity height.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
The present invention can be realized crop growth overall process information monitoring and acquisition, long-range acquisition crop growthing state in real time Remote data is simultaneously sent to server storage, analysis and display by information, growing environment information, disease and insect information, growth information, And alarm, inquiry screening function are provided, it reminds personnel to carry out respective handling when finding the indication information of acquisition beyond threshold value, helps Grower's accurate judgement crop growth situation provides real-time effective decision information for accurate operation, solves traditional plantation The problems such as periodically going plantation field to check plant growth situation, large labor intensity is needed in the process, is reduced cost of labor, is improved and make Industry efficiency and precision.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is plant growth information monitoring system composition block diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Further details of the technical solution of the present invention in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of plant growth information monitoring system based on Internet of Things, including it is information Perception system, wireless Transmission system and intelligent management system；The information Perception system includes Soil Moisture Monitoring module, pest and disease monitoring module, crop battalion Support state monitoring module, weeds monitoring modular, crop condition monitoring module and field inspection car；Wherein Soil Moisture Monitoring module is real-time Monitor the inspection that soil moisture content, pest and disease monitoring module and weeds monitoring modular realize disease and insect information by image analysis processing It surveys, the nutrient situation of crop nutritional status monitoring modular real-time monitoring crop growth environment, the acquisition of crop condition monitoring module is made Object grows image for grower or the growing way situation of analysis expert crop, and field inspection car front and tail portion are equipped with near-infrared Camera and multispectral camera, and BEI-DOU position system is installed.
The Soil Moisture Monitoring module includes soil temperature-moisture sensor, small-sized weather station and the first controller (STM32F4 type Number single-chip microcontroller), the first controller connect by 232/485 serial ports with soil temperature-moisture sensor, small-sized weather station, and first controls Device by 232/485 serial ports read soil temperature-moisture sensor real time data, weather station temperature collection, air humidity, wind speed and Rainfall information, and the first controller is sent to by 232/485 serial ports, soil temperature-moisture sensor can bury according to actual needs It is located at soil 10-60cm.
The pest and disease monitoring module includes multiple cameras (model are as follows: Haikang prestige regards DS-2AF7230SI), long-range bat Illuminated intelligent spore captures instrument, remote photographic formula intelligence detecting and reporting pest information device；Camera is mounted on the edge of a field alignment field, according to demand Crop image is acquired so that grower or expert judgments whether there is the visible pest and disease damage of naked eyes；Remote photographic formula intelligent spore captures Instrument increases camera (model are as follows: Daheng image Manta G-507C) and controller on the basis of traditional spore trap instrument (STM32F4 model single-chip microcontroller) is mounted on field suitable position, the spore image that timed shooting captures according to demand, and leads to Wireless transmitting system is crossed by the server of image transmitting to intelligent management system；Remote photographic formula intelligence detecting and reporting pest information device is in tradition Increase camera (model are as follows: Daheng image Manta G-507C) and controller (STM32F4 type on the basis of detecting and reporting pest information device Number single-chip microcontroller), it is mounted on field suitable position, the insect image that timed shooting captures according to demand, and pass through wireless transmission System is by the server of image transmitting to intelligent management system；Start field when three of the above instrument is detected with disease and insect information Between inspection car, field inspection car by pilot steering or self-navigation enter field large area acquire plant growth image with detailed Analyze crop disease and insect situation.
The crop nutritional status monitoring modular includes N P and K sensor, second controller (STM32F4 model monolithic Machine), wherein N P and K sensor can be embedded at soil 10-60cm according to actual needs, to measure the N-P-K content of soil, Second controller is connected by 232/485 serial ports with N P and K sensor, and is read sensor by 232/485 serial ports and counted in real time According to field inspection car acquires leaf image by the multispectral camera carried and carries out analysis crop nutrition condition.
The weeds monitoring modular and crop condition monitoring module include multiple cameras, and wherein camera and pest and disease damage are supervised The camera for surveying module shares, and is mounted on the edge of a field alignment field and carries out photographic analysis according to demand, opens when detecting weeds information Dynamic field inspection car carries out detailed weeds in field information collection.
The wireless transmitting system includes n acquisition node, aggregation node and wireless communication module, wherein each acquisition saves Point is communicated with aggregation node, and module and intelligent management system communicate aggregation node by wireless communication, and wireless communication module can Network transmission mode is automatically switched to according to distance and wireless communication signals intensity or radio station's transmission mode, wireless transmission can Remote data transmission is carried out by 2G/3G/4G/WIFI/LoRa etc..
The intelligent management system includes server, database, page end, and wherein server is connect by wireless transmitting system The information that breath sensory perceptual system of collecting mail acquires, and save to database, so that display and Drawing of Curve are carried out in page end, to provide The inquiry of data screening and inquiry, user can access page end by terminal devices such as mobile phone, computers.
System is monitored using above-mentioned Crop Information, comprising the following steps:
(1) crop-planting data input: pass through server system interface typing long-term cropping kind, plantation after crop-planting Date, soil characteristic and field information；
(2) threshold value is arranged: being contained according to crop varieties demand and plantation expert advice setting soil moisture, soil nitrogen phosphorus potassium Amount, weed density, pest and disease damage degree threshold value, monitoring network analysis result be more than threshold value when, server system interface issue police Report prompt monitoring personnel is such as irrigated with carrying out corresponding operating, is applied fertilizer, weeding, application；
(3) crop growth environment information collection: Soil Moisture Monitoring module Fixed Time Interval reads soil temperature-moisture sensor The temperature and humidity information of acquisition and temperature and humidity, wind speed, the rainfall information of weather station, and be remotely sent to server and carry out data guarantor It deposits, carries out Drawing of Curve and display in page end after server statistics analysis, and provide the functions such as inquiry, screening；
(4) weeds insect pest information acquires: after plant growth for a period of time, server reads weeds monitoring modular camera and adopts Camera, remote photographic formula spore trap instrument and remote photographic formula intelligence insect pest situation in the image information and pest and disease monitoring module of collection The image of measurer acquisition and analysis, if discovery pest and disease damage or weeds information, pilot steering or self-navigation field inspection car, It is taken pictures by EO-1 hyperion and near infrared camera and acquires data and analyze, carried out if analyzing pest and disease damage as the result is shown or weeds obviously It sprays and weeding operation；
(5) crop nutritional status information collection: after plant growth for a period of time, server reads the monitoring of crop nutritional status The N P and K sensing data of module is simultaneously analyzed, if N-P-K content is lower in discovery soil, pilot steering or self-navigation Field inspection car is taken pictures by EO-1 hyperion and near infrared camera and acquires data and analyze crop leaf nutrition condition, is with determination It is no to need to carry out fertilising operation；
(6) crop growing state information collection: estimating the crop maturity time according to crop varieties and growth cycle, close to crop at When the ripe phase, crop condition monitoring module frequent operation camera acquires crop growing state information remote, is sent to server and analyzes, Start the crop image collection analysis that field inspection car carries out short distance if growing way tends to be mature, if analysis is mature as the result is shown Degree height then carries out corresponding harvest operation.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.