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The Influence and Role of Oracle Bone Script on Ancient Chinese Di(帝)Thought and Culture

Oracle bone script is a form of writing that was used in Ancient China primarily on animal bones and turtle shells, which were used for divination purposes. Oracle bone script was used by the Shang dynasty (1600-1046 BCE) and is considered to be one of the earliest forms of Chinese writing. The script played a significant role in shaping Ancient Chinese thought and culture, particularly in regards to the concept of Di (帝).

Di (帝) is a term in Ancient Chinese culture that refers to divine beings or gods. This concept was deeply ingrained in Ancient Chinese thought, and it shaped their religious beliefs and rituals. The use of oracle bone script played a significant role in the development and propagation of this belief, providing the basis for the worship of these divine beings.

Oracle bone script was used by the Shang dynasty to ask questions of the gods. These questions were inscribed on turtle shell or animal bones, which were then heated until they cracked. The cracks were interpreted as answers to the questions, and the resulting inscriptions were used as records of the divination. This process helped to reinforce the belief in the existence of divine beings and their power to influence human affairs.

The use of oracle bone script also contributed to the growth of the concept of Di (帝) in Ancient Chinese culture. The inscriptions left on the bones frequently referred to Di (帝) and other divine beings. For example, one inscribed bone discovered in Anyang, the ancient capital of the Shang dynasty, includes a reference to Di (帝) and describes the divination process:

“If it crackles, there will be a great drought. If it does not crackle, there will be rain. Sprinkle the bones and ask Di (帝) and the ancestors.”

This inscription provides evidence of the use of Di (帝) in divination and highlights the importance of this concept in Ancient Chinese thought.

Oracle bone script was also used to record historical events and the actions of the royal family. The inscriptions on the bones frequently mention Di (帝) in relation to the rulers of the time. For example, one bone inscription references the king of the Shang dynasty, Wu Ding, and his attempts to gain favor from Di (帝):

“The king interrogated Di (帝) about the spirits of his ancestors, asking, ‘Did our ancestors foretell that we should have many born?’”

This inscription demonstrates the significance of the concept of Di (帝) in the life of the king and his belief that he needed to gain the favor of these divine beings.

In addition to its use in religious and historical contexts, Di (帝) was also a significant influence on Ancient Chinese literature. Many literary works from this period make reference to Di (帝) and other divine beings. One example of this can be found in the Classic of Poetry, a collection of poems from the Western Zhou dynasty (1046-771 BCE):

“Pray to the ancestors, to Di (帝), to great-grandmother and grandmothers, to our late lord and prince.”

This poem highlights the role of Di (帝) in Ancient Chinese poetry and serves as evidence of the impact of this concept on Ancient Chinese literature and culture as a whole.

In conclusion, the use of oracle bone script played a significant role in the development and propagation of the concept of Di (帝) in Ancient Chinese culture. Through its use in divination, historical recording, literature, and religious practices, oracle bone script helped to reinforce the belief in divine beings and their influence on human affairs. The significance of Di (帝) in Ancient Chinese thought and culture can be seen through the numerous references to this concept in inscriptions, literary works, and historical records. The influence of oracle bone script on Ancient Chinese culture remains evident today, providing a glimpse into the rich and complex beliefs of this fascinating civilization.

100 Examples of Di（帝）:

1. Shang Di (尚帝) – the supreme god in Ancient Chinese religion
2. Tudi Gong (土地公) - the earth god and guardian of agricultural land
3. Zhong Kui (中魁) - the god of literature and examinations
4. Bixia Yuanjun (碧霞元君) - the goddess of the dawn, literature, and the arts
5. Guandi (关帝) - the god of war and loyalty
6. Mazu (妈祖) - the goddess of the sea and patron saint of seafarers
7. Lei Gong (雷公) - the god of thunder and lightning
8. Wu Zetian (武则天) - the only female empress in Chinese history, sometimes referred to as Di (帝)
9. Huang Di (黄帝) - an important ancestor of the Han Chinese people
10. Dizang (地藏) - the bodhisattva of the underworld
11. Wen Chang (文昌) - the god of culture and literature
12. Shennong (神农) - the god of agriculture and medicine
13. Zhongli Quan (钟离权) - one of the Eight Immortals and a god of longevity
14. Taiyi Jiuku Tianzun (太乙救苦天尊) - the god of medicine and healing
15. Kong Que Ling (孔雀灵) - the divine peacock, associated with beauty, immortality, and resurrection
16. Shui Wei Sheng Niang (水尾圣娘) - the goddess of the waters and guardian of the shores
17. Yu Di (羽帝) - the god of the winds
18. Xuan Wu (玄武) - a god of the north, associated with martial arts, learning, and Taoism
19. Xie Bi An (谢必安) - the god of justice and punishment
20. Lei Zu (雷祖) - the god of lightning
21. Pangu (盘古) - the first living being and creator of the universe
22. Yandi (炎帝) - an ancient deity associated with the Yan state
23. Xi Wangmu (西王母) - the queen mother of the west, associated with longevity and immortality
24. Dong Wanggong (东王公) - the god of the east, associated with fertility and good fortune
25. Zhenwu (真武) - a god of the Taoist pantheon, associated with martial arts, magic, and divination
26. Fulushou (福禄寿) - the gods of happiness, prosperity, and longevity
27. Doumu (斗母) - the goddess of the north star, associated with the Big Dipper
28. Cishen (财神) - the god of wealth
29. Chang’e (嫦娥) - the goddess of the moon
30. Shen Nong (神农) - the god of agriculture
31. Xiwangmu (西王母) - the goddess of immortality
32. Empress Wu (武后) - the only female emperor in Chinese history
33. Caishen (财神) - the god of wealth and prosperity
34. Mianyang (棉阳) - the god of cotton
35. Kuafu (夸父) - the god of hunting
36. Sanshanwuyu (三山五岳) - the gods of the mountains and rivers
37. Taizong (太宗) - an ancient emperor
38. Zhong Kui (钟馗) - a god of healing and exorcism
39. Gui Guzi (鬼谷子) - the god of military strategy
40. Huangdi (黄帝) - the Yellow Emperor, considered the ancestor of Chinese people
41. Weiwu (卫武) - a god of war
42. Longwang (龙王) - the dragon king, a god of water and weather
43. Haidi (海帝) - the sea god
44. Shenlong (神龙) - the divine dragon, a symbol of good fortune
45. Zhenren (真人) - the immortal sages of Taoist legend
46. Yuhuang (玉皇) - the Jade Emperor, supreme ruler of heaven and earth
47. Shennong (神农) - the god of agriculture and medicine
48. Zhaocai (招财) - the god of wealth and fortune
49. Lei Gong (雷公) - the god of thunder and lightning
50. Jiang Taigong (姜太公) - a wise and benevolent god of the Han dynasty
51. Wangu (万古) - the god of immortality
52. Shuizi (水子) - a god of water and irrigation
53. Xiwangmu (西王母) - the queen mother of the west, a goddess of immortality
54. Qiankun (乾坤) - the god of heaven and earth
55. Mici (迷祠) - the goddess of fertility and childbirth
56. Shouxing (寿星) - the god of longevity
57. Chang’er (嫦娥) - the goddess of the moon, symbolizing love and beauty
58. Yandi (炎帝) - the god of fire and the sun
59. Bailong (白龙) - the white dragon, a symbol of purity and nobility
60. Dizang (地藏) - the bodhisattva of the underworld and judge of the dead
61. Fuxi (伏羲) - the god of wisdom and creation, considered the ancestor of Chinese civilization
62. Shennong (神农) - the god of agriculture and medicine
63. Shangdi (上帝) – the highest deity
64. Nvwa (女娲) - the goddess of creation, said to have created human beings
65. Xihe (昔何) – the goddess of the sun
66. Shaohao (少昊) - a legendary ruler and god of the sun
67. Yinyangren (阴阳人) - the elemental forces of yin and yang
68. Guan Yin (观世音) - the goddess of compassion and mercy
69. Zhu Bajie (猪八戒) - a humorous character in Chinese mythology, part of the Journey to the West
70. Guandi (关帝) - the god of war and loyalty
71. Mengpo (孟婆) - the goddess of forgetfulness, who erases memories before reincarnation
72. Pan Gu (盘古) - the creator of the universe
73. Shentu (神荼) - the god of the south, associated with fire and summer
74. Kua Fu (夸父) - a giant and god of hunting
75. Laozi (老子) - the founder of Taoism
76. Cai Shen (财神) - the god of wealth and prosperity
77. Nüwa (女娲) - the goddess of creation and fertility
78. Gong Gong (共工) - the god of floods and water disasters
79. Taiyi (太乙) - the god of medicine and healing
80. Jiu Tianshi (九天使) - the nine celestial beings, guardians of the heavens
81. Baize (白泽) - the divine white creature, symbolizing purity and innocence
82. Lu Dongbin (吕洞宾) - one of the Eight Immortals and a god of Taoism
83. Cangjie (仓颉) - the inventor of Chinese characters and a god of literature
84. Xuanwu (玄武) - the god of the north, associated with martial arts, magic, and divination
85. Wenchang (文昌) - the god of culture and literature
86. Ban Zhong (班仲) – a legendary hero who created many rituals such as sacrifice, who led his followers to the Yellow River valley
87. Hu Jiang Jun (护江君) - the god of river protection
88. Guan Yu (关羽) - a heroic character from the Three Kingdoms period, deified as a god of loyalty and righteousness
89. Tudi (土地) - the earth god and guardian of agricultural land
90. Tang Seng (唐僧) - the main character in Journey to the West, a monk who seeks enlightenment
91. Lu Ban (鲁班) - the god of carpentry and engineering
92. Zhongli Quan (钟离权) - one of the Eight Immortals and a god of longevity
93. Kei Mun (麒麟) - the divine qilin, a symbol of prosperity and good fortune
94. Zhu Que (朱雀) - the vermilion bird, a symbol of the south and the season of summer
95. Huanglong (黄龙) - the yellow dragon, a symbol of power and nobility
96. Longma (龙马) - the dragon-horse, a mythological creature combining the attributes of both animals
97. Hongjin (红金) - the god of wealth and luxury
98. Qixing (七星) - the Seven Stars of the Big Dipper constellation, used in Chinese astrology
99. Chong Sheng (重生) - a god of rebirth and resurrection
100. Bianqian (卞钱) – a mythological phenomenon of divination and seership caused by a spiritual connection with gods.