проаналізуй:

Vocabulary notes
1. Old Hat, adj. [not before noun]. If something is old hat, a lot of people have
said or done the same thing before and it is therefore not new or interesting –
застарілий, неактуальний, «учорашній день» тощо. e.g. The movie’s special effects
now seem rather old hat.
2. High-definition, adj. [only before noun]. The clear edges, shapes, or sound
that something has (a high-definition television or computer shows images very
clearly) – висока чіткість (зображення), e.g. The international football matches will
be broadcast through high-definition television on to large theatre screens in 20 cities.
3. Imagery, п.
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1) collective images, possibly in different media – образи, e.g. The lark imagery
used by the author transferred well to the Hollywood version.
2) rhetorical images, used to create a context – образність, мовленнєві образи,
фігури мови, образотворчі (стильові) елементи, система персонажів тощо. e.g.
Some authors use a great deal of subtle imagery to set the scene for their novels.
4. DTS surround sound. From the name of DTS Inc., a brand name similar to
“Dolby” (a system for reducing unwanted noise when you record music or sounds) –
система багатоканального цифрового об’ємного звучання, e.g. Many DVDs now
have an option to choose between Dolby Sound or DTS, depending on whether a home
cinema system is installed.
5. Unleash, v.
1) to suddenly let a strong force, feeling, etc have its full effect – розв’язати,
звільнити, спровокувати, e.g. to unleash somebody’s imagination – дати волю
фантазії.
2) to let a dog run free after it has been held on a leash – відпустити припону,
e.g. She unleashed her two terriers as soon as she went onto the beach.
6. Win the day. To finally be successful in a discussion or argument – отримати
перемогу, виграти бій, взяти гору, тріумфувати, e.g. Common sense won the day,
and the plans were dropped.
7. Potent, adj. In this context the adjective has the meaning of “having a very
powerful effect or influence on your body or mind” – потужний, сильний,
ефективний, e.g. The combination of early breakfast, exhaust fumes and nerves is a
potent cocktail!
8. Silver Screen, n. This is specifically the screen onto which movies are
projected, incorporating the chemical compounds of silver used in the screen coating
that make it reflect better and so make the image brighter. The term may denote the
film industry as a whole, especially in Hollywood – кіноекран, кіноіндустрія, e.g.
Many weekly and monthly magazines are sold to detail the lives of the stars of the
silver screen.
9. Ramble AngloE, n.
1) a walk in the countryside for pleasure – прогулянка, поїздка (без певної
мети), e.g. I quite like the idea of going for a ramble one weekend.
Syn.: hike.
2) a speech or piece of writing that is very long and does not seem to be clearly
organized – розлогі та недоладні розмірковування, описи тощо, e.g. In a ten-page
ramble, the author explains why he wrote the book.
Ramble, v.
1) to talk for a long time in a way that does not seem clearly organized, so that
other people find it difficult to understand you – говорити багато та незв’язно, e.g.
She’s getting old and she tends to ramble a bit.
2) a) [always + adverb/preposition] AngloE to go on a walk in the countryside for
pleasure - блукати без мети/для втіхи (особливо за містом), e.g. There’s plenty to
discover as you ramble around this little island.
Syn.: hike AmE – to take a long walk in the mountains or countryside;
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wander – to walk slowly across or around an area, usually without a clear
direction or рифове.
b) when used figuratively (of the mind or thoughts) it means “wander”, i.e. you no
longer pay attention to something, especially because you are bored or worried –
говорити незв’язно, перескакувати від думки до думки, блукати, e.g. My thoughts
were rambling to distant places.
3) to spread/run/grow, etc. in all directions (of a plant, a stream etc.) –
розходитися, поширюватися в різні боки; розтікатися, повзти, витися, e.g. There
is a little stream that rambles through the valley.
Phrasal verbs: ramble on, ramble on about – втомлювати нескінченними
розмовами тощо, e.g. His father kept rambling on about the war.
Syn.: go on.
Deriv.:
Rambler, n.
1) AngloE someone who goes for walks in the countryside for pleasure –
гультяй, екскурсант, турист, e.g. There will be no pub lunch stop on 7 March so
ramblers should be sure to pack some sandwiches.
2) a plant, especially a rose, that grows in all directions – повзуча (витка)
рослина, e.g. Many roses, especially the ramblers, have one single flush and no more.
3) AmE a single-storey suburban house; a ranch house – одноповерховий
заміський будинок; ранчо, e.g. The rambler that still stands and is the heart of the
site was built in 1928.
Rambling, n.
1) the activity of going for walks in the countryside for pleasure – екскурсія,
прогулянка пішки, похід тощо, e.g. I hadn’t done this amount of countryside
rambling since I was drummed out of the Boy Scouts.
2) (pl.) incoherent talk – верзіння, маячня, e.g. He refused to listen to their mad
ramblings.
Rambling, adj. [usually before noun]
1) a rambling person, life, destiny, etc. is characterized by wandering – той, що
тиняється; бродячий, мандрівний, кочовий, мінливий, непостійний, несталий,
e.g. There is also rambling thought in which the mind is not pressed to solve anything
and merely rambles aimlessly.
2) a rambling building has an irregular shape and covers a large area –
розкиданий, безладно збудований, e.g. It was a rambling old place, crooked and
picturesque.
3) rambling speech or writing is very long and does not seem to have any clear
organization or purpose – безладний, нескладний, плутаний, e.g. He set off on a
long rambling account of something that had happened in the bar that afternoon.
4) a rambling plant is straggling, spreading, or climbing freely and irregularly –
повзучий, виткий, e.g. Tomatoes leaned on stakes, runner beans twined round a
wigwam of canes and rambling roses rambled over their appointed places.
10. Perpetrator, n. Someone who does something morally wrong or illegal –
зловмисник, правопорушник, злочинець, e.g. The perpetrators of racially motivated
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violence must be punished.
Syn.: culprit – someone charged with an offense or crime;
offender – a person who transgresses moral or civil law;
wrongdoer – someone who does wrong, especially morally or ethically.
11. Offshoot, n. In the text, the word is used to mean “a branch or derivative”,
and may be translated as “жанрові різновиди”. This is a figurative meaning for:
1) something such as an organization which has developed from a larger or
earlier one – відгалуження, відведення, бічна гілка (спорідненість), додаток,
похідне, e.g. The information came from a political group that was an offshoot of the
anti-nuclear movement.
2) a stem or branch on a plant – паросток, гілка, нове стебло.
12. Spark somebody’s interest/hope/curiosity/imagination etc. To make
someone feel interested, hopeful etc – надихати, наснажувати, запалювати,
спонукати, підстьобнути, e.g. topics that spark children’s imaginations.
13. Sales chart, n. Рейтинг продажів, e.g. Many shops show sales charts very
prominently, to encourage shoppers to buy the latest product.
14. E-retailers are those that sell goods and services over the Internet. Роздрібні
торгівці через Інтернет. e.g. The company ebay has become such a large e-retailer
that it is already becoming an institution.
15. Universes, n. In this text the word may be interpreted as “художній
світ”, e.g. The universes created by fantasy writers can be many and varied.
16. Costume drama, n. A film, play, TV programme or book that is about a
particular time in history, in which people wear costumes from that time –
костюмована драма, e.g. Attempts to remove the ‘costume drama’ element of a
production, such as setting a Shakespeare play in modem times, are often
unsuccessful.
17. Social commentary, n. See Literary Prose Genres. Social commentary is a
classification of literature that defines an author’s views of the world and our society. It
frequently incorporates humour as a way of highlighting the author’s opinions. There is
no direct correspondence of the term in Ukrainian. It may be borrowed, translated by
means of generalization or differentiation – соціальний коментар;илітературна
документалістика; документальний наратив тощо. e.g. Satire has often been
combined with social commentary, ever since Swift wrote his novels.
Travel Commentary may be translated as “дорожні нотатки, країна/ подія
очами...” тощо and Business Commentary – “бізнес-коментар”.
18. Steer, п.
1) АтЕ colloq.: a piece of advice or information; a tip; a lead; a direction –
натяк; порада, e.g. The public must give a clear steer as to which route the police
service should follow.
Comb.: bum steer slang, (a piece of) false information or bad advice – погана
порада.
2) a young male ox, esp. one castrated and raised for beef (chiefly N. Amer.&
Austral.), any male ox raised for beef – кастрований бичок; молодий віл, e.g. The
farmer may castrate the excess bulls, creating steers, or slaughter them.
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Steer, v.
1) to control the direction a vehicle is going, for example by turning a wheel –
керувати (правити) рулем (кермом, стерном); вести (судно, автомобіль), e.g.
Steer slightly to the right as you enter the bend.
2) to guide someone’s behaviour or the way a situation develops or decisions
being made – спрямовувати зусилля, контролювати дії, керувати, e.g. Teachers try
to steer pupils away from drugs.
3) to guide someone to a place, especially while touching them – спрямовувати,
вказувати шлях, e.g. Joel steered Don and Louise towards the backyard.
Phrases: informal steer clear (of somebody/something) – уникати когось
(чогось), e.g. Jo tried to steer clear of political issues.
steer a middle course – уникати крайнощів, e.g. The government chose to steer
a middle course between the two strategies.
Steering, n. The parts of a car, boat etc. that allow you to control its direction –
стернове керування, e.g. It would have made more progress if one truck had not lost
its steering.
Phrases: steering committee – організаційний, підготовчий комітет; комісія з
регламенту чи порядку денного, e.g. Finally, a steering committee was formed late
last year and, within two months, the organizational meeting was held.
Steering wheel – 1) стернове (рульове) колесо; 2) штурвал, колесо штурвала,
e.g. Karen smiled with enthusiasm at the car-like steering wheel of the boat.