When comparing a Sun-like star to a Sirius-like star with respect to planetary system formations, the major difference would likely be in the characteristics and mass ranges of the planets, especially the Jovian and potentially more massive objects like brown dwarves. For Sirius-like stars, which are more massive and have different disk properties compared to Sun-like stars, you might see a shift in the mass distribution of jovian-type planets.

Let's adjust the previous distributions to hypothesize the impact around Sirius-like stars, especially focusing on the Jovian-type planets:
Inner Orbital Zone (Hypothetical for Sirius-like):

    Terrestrial Type (70%)
        Earthy (Rocky, iron): 42%
        Super-Earth (Rocky, iron): 28%

    Jovian Type (30%)
        Neptunian (Gaseous): 15%
        Jovian (Gaseous): 9%
        Jovian to brown dwarves (1-20 Jupiter mass) (Gaseous): 6%
            Note: Increased maximum mass compared to Sun-like scenario (previously up to 15 Jupiter mass)

Outer Orbital Zone (Hypothetical for Sirius-like):

    Terrestrial Type (25%)
        Earthy (Icy, rocky, iron): 15%
        Super-Earth (Icy, rocky, iron): 10%

    Jovian Type (75%)
        Neptunian (Gaseous): 33.75%
        Jovian (Gaseous): 26.25%
        Jovian to brown dwarves (1-20 Jupiter mass) (Gaseous): 15%
            Note: Increased maximum mass compared to Sun-like scenario (previously up to 15 Jupiter mass)

Key Adjustments:

    Maximum Mass Increase: For Sirius-like stars, the maximum mass threshold for Jovian planets extends from 1-15 Jupiter masses to perhaps 1-20 Jupiter masses. This reflects the potential for more massive accretion and retention of gas in the larger protoplanetary disks around more massive stars.

    Mass Distribution: The distribution percentages remain the same for simplicity, under the assumption that while the maximum possible mass increases, the general distribution of masses across various types still follows a similar pattern.

Visualization:

These modifications primarily affect the maximum mass potential for the third type of Jovian objects, meaning they can grow larger in the gravitationally richer environment around a Sirius-like star. When creating corresponding pie charts, the categories and percentages would appear the same. However, the range of masses represented by the "Jovian to brown dwarves" category is broader in this scenario.

In practice, observations of similar star systems would be necessary to refine these hypothetical adjustments, as the conditions around massive stars can vary significantly.




B-type stars are significantly more massive than Sun-like or Sirius-like stars, leading to different conditions for planet formation. Around such massive stars, you might expect certain tendencies, such as greater likelihood of forming massive planets and even more extended brown dwarf ranges due to the massive and dense protoplanetary disks associated with these stars.

Here's an adjusted hypothetical scenario for planetary distribution around a B-type star:
Inner Orbital Zone (Hypothetical for B-type star):

    Terrestrial Type (40%)
        Earthy (Rocky, iron): 24%
            Calculation: 40% (Terrestrial) * 60% (Earthy) = 24%
        Super-Earth (Rocky, iron): 16%
            Calculation: 40% (Terrestrial) * 40% (Super-Earth) = 16%

    Jovian Type (60%)
        Neptunian (Gaseous): 24%
            Calculation: 60% (Jovian) * 40% (Neptunian) = 24%
        Jovian (Gaseous): 18%
            Calculation: 60% (Jovian) * 30% (Jovian) = 18%
        Jovian to brown dwarves (1-25 Jupiter mass) (Gaseous): 18%
            Calculation: 60% (Jovian) * 30% (Jovian to brown dwarves) = 18%

Outer Orbital Zone (Hypothetical for B-type star):

    Terrestrial Type (20%)
        Earthy (Icy, rocky, iron): 12%
            Calculation: 20% (Terrestrial) * 60% (Earthy) = 12%
        Super-Earth (Icy, rocky, iron): 8%
            Calculation: 20% (Terrestrial) * 40% (Super-Earth) = 8%

    Jovian Type (80%)
        Neptunian (Gaseous): 32%
            Calculation: 80% (Jovian) * 40% (Neptunian) = 32%
        Jovian (Gaseous): 24%
            Calculation: 80% (Jovian) * 30% (Jovian) = 24%
        Jovian to brown dwarves (1-25 Jupiter mass) (Gaseous): 24%
            Calculation: 80% (Jovian) * 30% (Jovian to brown dwarves) = 24%

Key Adjustments:

    Increase in Jovian Frequency: B-type stars encourage more massive and numerous gas giants due to abundant material in their protoplanetary disks.

    Reduction in Terrestrial Frequency: Fewer terrestrial planets form because of radiation and material dynamics around massive stars.

    Increased Mass Range for Jovian Objects: The potential for planet mass increases, extending the range of Jovian to brown dwarves to up to 25 Jupiter masses due to more massive and dynamic environments.

Visualization:

For a visual representation using pie charts, you observe a greater share of the pie occupied by Jovian-types for both orbital zones in comparison to systems around less massive stars. This reflects a shift towards massive, gaseous planets and brown dwarf formation due to the larger and more dynamic protoplanetary disks around B-type stars.





K-type stars are smaller and cooler than Sun-like stars, situated between M-type (red dwarfs) and G-type stars (like our Sun) in terms of mass and temperature. Their characteristics lead to differences in the formation and distribution of planets compared to more massive stars. Here's a hypothetical scenario for the percentage rarity of different planetary types around a K-type star:
Inner Orbital Zone (Hypothetical for K-type star):

    Terrestrial Type (80%)
        Earthy (Rocky, iron): 64%
            Calculation: 80% (Terrestrial) * 80% (Earthy) = 64%
        Super-Earth (Rocky, iron): 16%
            Calculation: 80% (Terrestrial) * 20% (Super-Earth) = 16%

    Jovian Type (20%)
        Neptunian (Gaseous): 12%
            Calculation: 20% (Jovian) * 60% (Neptunian) = 12%
        Jovian (Gaseous): 6%
            Calculation: 20% (Jovian) * 30% (Jovian) = 6%
        Jovian to brown dwarves (1-10 Jupiter mass) (Gaseous): 2%
            Calculation: 20% (Jovian) * 10% (Jovian to brown dwarves) = 2%

Outer Orbital Zone (Hypothetical for K-type star):

    Terrestrial Type (30%)
        Earthy (Icy, rocky, iron): 18%
            Calculation: 30% (Terrestrial) * 60% (Earthy) = 18%
        Super-Earth (Icy, rocky, iron): 12%
            Calculation: 30% (Terrestrial) * 40% (Super-Earth) = 12%

    Jovian Type (70%)
        Neptunian (Gaseous): 42%
            Calculation: 70% (Jovian) * 60% (Neptunian) = 42%
        Jovian (Gaseous): 21%
            Calculation: 70% (Jovian) * 30% (Jovian) = 21%
        Jovian to brown dwarves (1-10 Jupiter mass) (Gaseous): 7%
            Calculation: 70% (Jovian) * 10% (Jovian to brown dwarves) = 7%

Key Adjustments:

    Increase in Terrestrial Frequency: K-type stars support a higher frequency of terrestrial planets in both the inner and outer orbital zones due to lower radiation pressure and a more stable environment compared to more massive stars.

    Reduction in Jovian Mass Range: With less material and energy in the accretion disks compared to more massive stars, the maximum potential mass for Jovian planets is lower, topping out closer to 10 Jupiter masses.

    Balanced Distribution in Outer Zone: The distribution in the outer zone still favors Neptunian-type planets, but there is a closer balance between terrestrial and Jovian-type planets compared to more massive stars.

Visualization:

The pie charts for K-type star systems would show a dominant segment for terrestrial planets in the inner zone and a significant presence in the outer zone. Jovian planets, while still present, are less massive and less frequent than around more massive stars. The distinctiveness of K-type systems lies in their potential to harbor rocky and potentially habitable planets within their habitable zones due to their long stability and lower levels of stellar activity.





TRAPPIST-1 is an ultra-cool dwarf star, much smaller and cooler than our Sun or even K-type stars. It is especially known for its seven Earth-sized planets, emphasizing a tendency for such stars to host compact systems with terrestrial planets. Given these characteristics, here’s an adjusted hypothetical scenario for the distribution of planetary types around a TRAPPIST-1-like star:
Inner Orbital Zone (Hypothetical for TRAPPIST-1-like star):

    Terrestrial Type (90%)
        Earthy (Rocky, iron): 70%
            Calculation: 90% (Terrestrial) * 70% (Earthy) = 63%
        Super-Earth (Rocky, iron): 27%
            Calculation: 90% (Terrestrial) * 30% (Super-Earth) = 27%

    Jovian Type (10%)
        Neptunian (Gaseous): 5%
            Calculation: 10% (Jovian) * 50% (Neptunian) = 5%
        Jovian (Gaseous): 3%
            Calculation: 10% (Jovian) * 30% (Jovian) = 3%
        Jovian to brown dwarves (1-5 Jupiter mass) (Gaseous): 2%
            Calculation: 10% (Jovian) * 20% (Jovian to brown dwarves) = 2%

Outer Orbital Zone (Hypothetical for TRAPPIST-1-like star):

    Terrestrial Type (80%)
        Earthy (Icy, rocky, iron): 56%
            Calculation: 80% (Terrestrial) * 70% (Earthy) = 56%
        Super-Earth (Icy, rocky, iron): 24%
            Calculation: 80% (Terrestrial) * 30% (Super-Earth) = 24%

    Jovian Type (20%)
        Neptunian (Gaseous): 10%
            Calculation: 20% (Jovian) * 50% (Neptunian) = 10%
        Jovian (Gaseous): 6%
            Calculation: 20% (Jovian) * 30% (Jovian) = 6%
        Jovian to brown dwarves (1-5 Jupiter mass) (Gaseous): 4%
            Calculation: 20% (Jovian) * 20% (Jovian to brown dwarves) = 4%

Key Adjustments:

    Dominance of Terrestrial Planets: Around TRAPPIST-1-like stars, the prevalence of terrestrial planets is significantly higher, especially in the inner orbital zone. These stars commonly support Earth-sized and super-Earth planets, emphasizing rocky compositions.

    Limited Jovian Potential: Due to the low mass and energy from the star, the formation of gas giants is constrained, leading to a much lower percentage of Jovian planets, especially those approaching significant mass.

    Compact System Dynamics: Both the inner and outer zones are more likely to host compact systems, with planets close to the star, which supports frequent terrestrial planet occurrences.

Visualization:

Pie charts representing TRAPPIST-1-like planetary systems would show a major portion of the chart composed of terrestrial categories in both orbital zones. The size and number of Jovian planets would be significantly less, depicting the environment's constraints in forming massive gas giants.

This distribution is conjectural, based on the observed characteristics of ultra-cool dwarfs and TRAPPIST-1 specifically, highlighting the potential for rocky, Earth-like planets in tightly packed orbits.