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Assistant: Caption: it&#39;s with you and today we are talking about socaled reflexive verbs or S verbs in Ukrainian let&#39;s take a look at these two pictures and two examples which of these two sentences has the reflexive verb of course the second one and here postfix means the action that is directed to myself that is why it&#39;s called reflexive here right but everything is not so simple but at the same time nothing scary in this topic so let&#39;s find out but before we begin I&#39;m asking you to like this video to subscribe and after the video to write a comment what do you think think about this lesson Ukrainian postfix or its variation comes from protavic it exists in all Slavic languages but in each language it&#39;s used in its own manner in Ukrainian it&#39;s only used as a postfix it means that it is an Inseparable part of the verb that always is located in the very end of the verb after other suffixes or even endings well in many western or Southern Slavic languages it could be a separate word that could stand before the verb or after the verb in some of the Ukrainian dialects we also have this situation but it&#39;s not the literature language that is why we will not discuss it today s verbs make up about 33% from the general amount of Ukrainian verbs can you imagine 1ir part of all the verbs in Ukrainian are these s verbs most of these verbs could be used both with or without this postfix of course they will have different meanings sometimes very different uh but some of them cannot exist without postfix there are not so many of them but but they do not have this form without the postfix uh and most importantly here although the verbs are called reflexive they not always indicate the action that is directed to oneself this is very important because normally students see the name reflexive and they think that okay every verb with postfix s means theed dection is directed to myself but this is not true and we will talk about it bit later uh and now let&#39;s find out how do we change the verbs with postfix but we will begin with not reflexive verb such as to love or to like this is how we change it by conjugations in the present tense Etc and we have the reflexive verb div to watch yeah to watch it looks the same as this verb it has the same suffix T in the end but it has this postfix additionally and it will keep being additional let&#39;s see here we said and here we say so basically we change the verbs in the same manner but we added poix then so again the same form of the conjugation plus post as you can see the forms of these two verbs are absolutely identical just here we add postfix if you have questions about ukra conjugations you can watch my old video about conjugations it&#39;s very detailed and I&#39;m pretty sure it will be super useful for you you will find the link somewhere there uh and let&#39;s see how we will change these verbs in the past tense will there be any difference so for we have so we used here how will we change so the same V here and po so nothing changes we just add postfix so I think it&#39;s pretty simple and these rules are very basic so they will be useful for beginners but here I want to pay attention to this situation verbs cannot have a direct object so they cannot be transitive so they cannot have the object direct object in accusative case without a preposition it&#39;s impossible but we have one exception and this is the word which we just learned because in some contexts it might have uh the direct object in accusative case etc etc so when you watch something some show some video then we might use it as a transitive verb all other verbs will never have the object in accusative case there could be different cases really and we will see some of them today but it never will be accusative without the preposition try to remember it uh okay then uh if you take a look at some s verbs in Ukrainian you might ask me Nik but we have and we have this variation of when do we use it let&#39;s take a look here after some of the verbs I used postfix s instead of s so I could why actually here because we may use and we normally use after vowels and in these words we have vowels while um agree it will be very difficult to say when yeah doesn&#39;t sound right so of course here we will not use basically it follows uh the rules of or eup in Ukrainian when we like to uh interchange vowels and consonants we do not like a lot of vowels or a lot of consonants in a row that is why in this phrase we would use postfix because Cal starts with a consonant so it&#39;s better to say s here while in this example it&#39;s better to use because starts with a vowel but you do not have to think about it so much you can just use postfix S because it&#39;s more Universal and that will be it you&#39;re absolutely good with it deal press like and let&#39;s go on there is one more little tiny thing that I wanted to pay your attention verbs with s of the first conjugation or a yeah conjugation in the third person singular form they have ending a or she is washing like face of her child for example but when we make this verb reflexive agree it will be strange to say so advance to add here that is why for such verbs in this form only in this form we add additional and by the way pay attention to pronunciation when we have this we say it like long soft right this is very important if you want to sound like an IDE so only for the uh verbs of the first conjugation conjugation in the forms we add additional before because we cannot add it ADV once after year no this is a tradition okay that&#39;s it for the four now let&#39;s go deeper into the context of when do we use S verbs because I told you that they could be not only reflexive right but of course the first meaning uh of this verb are actions that are directed to oneself so here s plays the role of English oneself myself uh yourself themselves and so on let&#39;s compare two sentences ala so Alena is washing a dog yeah so dog is her object a direct object that she is washing so this verb is not reflexive not s verb but when we add to this verb what does it mean now so whom she&#39;s watching she&#39;s washing herself yeah so here literally s means herself so one self herself and by the way this is the verb where we added also additional to right for she form olena is she she form okay father is dressing his son so son is dressing himself by himself yes so he&#39;s not using anybody else&#39;s help Barber so Barber is shaving h means to shave shaving the beard for the client or Maxim so here is the reflexive verb that means that he&#39;s doing it himself yeah he doesn&#39;t use Barber help anymore by the way here I will add uh English translations for the situation if you want to stop the video maybe to write something down or to check the translations but sometimes English translations may not reflect all uh the depths of the meanings that we use in Ukrainian because again the languages are quite different that is by be attentive let&#39;s move on so it was uh the uh strictly reflexive meaning of the verb but uh verbs with s could be used for the actions that are directed to each other so then s plays the role of this English phrase each other what does it mean let&#39;s compare again so we met our parents from uh the Train on the train station right we met them here the action is directed from us to our parents but not from parents to us right we met them they arrived to the station and we met them but in this sentence what about this action we met each other in the park so we both made efforts to make this happen right then we use these verbs with Sam so here I highlight that I haven&#39;t seen him for a long time while here I say that we didn&#39;t see each other for a long time he also didn&#39;t see me then Mata is hugging yes so Mom is hugging her daughter and so they are hugging each other here in first sentence daughter doesn&#39;t probably hug her mom in a response but in the second one she does yeah so they are doing it at the same time then this could describe uh action that is done by kind of itself or at least we accept it in our head as done by itself so we do not clarify who did this action we imagine that it was done by itself so what do I mean let&#39;s see some examples ta bu so here we know who did the action it was taxist the driver who stopped the tax the car but we often would say taxi and of course here we understand that that was uh the person behind the wheel who sto the taxi it didn&#39;t stop by itself only maybe in case if it&#39;s driver l taxi uh but uh we still would say tax like it did it kind of by itself or another example so like the work starts itself kind of itself uh at 9 a.m. my so here lessons like stopped themselves the same as robota started itself yeah I hope you follow the general concept of this logic of course in Ukrainian Linguistics there are even more um directions of those S verbs and each of them describe very deeply but you don&#39;t need all of it uh here are the most frequently used situations that are more than enough for you also s verbs could be used for the actions that describe the inner state of an animate subject uh their worries or their mood what do I mean here Mom so it doesn&#39;t mean that they worry themselves no they just worry but for this um State emotional state in Ukrainian we use the verb with postfix because they do not worrys in purpose right they just feel worried but we use the verb with in Ukrainian for this feeling or I&#39;m very proud of my business smiling or I was surprised when I heard this news here are the translations if you need to check them so this is uh all these are all the verbs that express some mood or emotional state of people and they are used with poix yeah but they are not like reflexive reflexive in its pure meaning right another situation verbs with are used for the action that again describes some emotional or mental state of the person but uh actually in those situations when this person uh is used in the dative case and you know a lot of uh this kind of structure the most popular among them for you probably will be because is dative case right or means to become to you in a dream so strange dream came to me in my dream yeah kind of a little bit of topology but we use it in Ukrainian or by the way interesting moment here we say and we could replace it into not reflexive option right but normally it is something less controllable by you so this is just a desire that exists in your head and you can do nothing with it it&#39;s not like um rational wanting of something you just feel like it you could even translate it as I feel like having some black chocolate right so this is how we use it and we use it with the dative case always it seems to me yeah so this is how we use it uh then a little bit more advanced situation and hello to all my more advanced uh viewers so these verbs we s they could be used for the actions in impersonal sentences so when we do not have a subject and in Ukrainian we really do not have a subject like in English you often use it for impersonal sentences right uh in Ukrainian we omit it at all and then we use um those S verbs for describing very often state of nature or some physical or mental state of a person that is not controlled by this person basically our example with many also might have gone to this category but let&#39;s see quite Advanced sentence so so outside already it means to become light you know when the Sun is up and U everything is clearly seen that is why there is um the root with in this word in this verb uh so this is a state of nature we do not have a subject here this is an impersonal sentence because it doesn&#39;t have a subject we do not see somebody who plays this role yeah who makes this happen it just happens by itself and that is why we use the verb with po or for example you arrived to the forest and you breathe in this fresh Amazing air with the smell of I don&#39;t know some pine trees and you say oh to D so you feel like it is breathing itself kind of quite good that is why we use uh this postfix this is something that you do not control you just feel like here you can breath better or in English we would say yeah I work better or the best in the coffee shops I work yeah but in Ukrainian this postfix means that you do not control it it&#39;s something that just happens to you you&#39;re not doing this action uh like the action makes you feel this way kind of it I hope it makes sense let me know in comments or for example like I cannot sleep at all and this is not like that you want it or you control it no you just don&#39;t feel like sleeping yeah and that&#39;s it uh here are the translations you can check them analyze better maybe you can suggest better translations for these uh sentences let me know in comments and attention please uh here there are some of the verbs uh that are never used without postfix so we said that most of them will have the form without but this they don&#39;t so you cannot say you will say only or no this verb doesn&#39;t exist and the same about all of them in this list here are the translations you can check them out uh and the last uh thing that I wanted uh I wanted to tell you regarding passive sentences uh especially it&#39;s important for those of you who previously learned Russian uh because there is a big difference between Ukrainian and Russian in Ukrainian we avoid using S verbs for Passive structures what do I mean it will be incorrect to say Ukrainian we cannot say p here it&#39;s much better to say apost or Etc so if in Russian for example they use this poia to indicate passive voice in Ukrainian it will be not correct to do it and better to replace it with some active verb verb without postfix like the form of we like we we all write it after those letters or P like they do it like they all the people they do it this way so this is active structure okay I hope that makes sense I hope that you learned something new today in this lesson and if so please give me a thumb up please write a comment Please Subscribe if you are not subscribed because it helps my channel to grow and I want to thank you for all your support your likes your reposts your comments and of course to those of you who support me uh either on patreon or on by me a coffee or on YouTube membership because uh you make me grow like this girl in this picture you help me to stay focused you help me to stay inspired for creating new useful videos for you and I really hope that they really help you so if you want to support my Channel please uh check the video description all the links are there uh and I hope to see you soon already less than in a week on my channel and uh don&#39;t forget to check out my short videos because I have plenty of them already see you soon guys byby
Language: en
Title: Reflexive verbs in the Ukrainian language | СЯ-verbs
Description: Learn everything about the Ukrainian СЯ-verbs (or Reflexive verbs) in this video lesson! You'll find out how to conjugate the verbs and in which situations to use them (spoiler: NOT only for REFLEXIVE actions!) ;)

Lesson content:
00:00 - beginning
01:06 - origin and place of the reflexive verbs in the Ukrainian language
03:02 - how to conjugate Ukrainian reflexive verbs
05:24 - the only transitive reflexive verb "дивитися"
06:34 - difference between -ся and -сь
08:32 - a nuance about the reflexive verbs of the 1st conjugation
10:03 - when do we use reflexive verbs

Resources (an article): https://science.lpnu.ua/uk/terminologiya/vsi-vypusky/visnyk-no-842-2016/pravyla-vzhyvannya-sya-diyesliv-u-fahovyh-ukrayinskyh

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