In the first step, remove the phenetic pronunciations and the sign of the verb, adjective or noun after the word, and then translate the text from beginning to end into Farsi and write it in the table along with the original text.갓
Aa
a/e/. /e/ article
1 one or any: Would you like a drink? A dog has four legs. He's a teacher. 2 each, or for each: She phones her mother three times a week. This wine costs £4 a bottle.
a or an?
Before a word that starts with the sound of a, e, i, o or u, you use an, not a. Be care- ful! It is the sound that is important, not the spelling:
a box
a singer
a university
an apple
an hour an MP
abandon /ǝ'bændǝn/ verb (abandons, abandoning, abandoned/ǝ'bændǝnd/) 1 leave somebody or something com- pletely: He abandoned his car in the snow. 2 stop doing something before it is fin- ished: When the rain started, we aban- doned our game.
abbey/'æbi/ noun (plural abbeys)
a building where religious men or women (called monks and nuns) live or lived
abbreviate /a'bri:vient/ verb (abbrevi- ates, abbreviating, abbreviated)
make a word shorter by not saying or writ- ing some of the letters: The word 'tele- phone' is often abbreviated to 'phone'. abbreviation /ǝ'bri:vierfn/ noun a short form of a word: TV is an abbrevi- ation for 'television'.
Pability/ǝ'bilǝti/ noun (plural abilities)
the power and knowledge to do some- thing: She has the ability to pass the exam, but she must work harder.
able/'erbl/adjective
be able to have the power and know- ledge to do something: Will you be able to come to the party? Is Simon able to swim? Look at can.
aboard /a'bo:d/ adverb, preposition on or onto a ship, train, bus or an aero- plane: Are all the passengers aboard the ship? We went aboard the plane.
abolish/a'bolif/ verb (abolishes, abol-
ishing, abolished/a'bolift/)
stop or end something by law: The Amer- icans abolished slavery in 1863. abolition/æba'lifn/ noun (no plural) the abolition of hunting
about/a'baut/preposition, adverb
1 a little more or less than; a little before or after: She's about 50 years old. I ar- rived at about two o'clock.
2 of; on the subject of: a book about cats We talked about the problem. What
are you thinking about?
3 in or to different places or in different dir- ections: The children were running about in the garden. There were books lying about on the floor.
4 almost: Dinner is about ready.
5 in a place; here: Is your mother about? I want to speak to her.
be about to be going to do something very soon: The film is about to start. above /ǝ'bлv/preposition, adverb
1 in or to a higher place; higher than somebody or something: I looked up at the sky above. My bedroom is above the kitchen. There is a picture on the wall above the fireplace. picture on page
125
2 more than a number or price: children aged ten and above
above all more than any other thing; what is most important: He's handsome and intelligent and, above all, he's kind! abroad /ǝ'brɔ:d/adverb
in or to another country: Are you going abroad this summer? She lives abroad. absence/absǝns/ noun (no plural)
a time when a person or thing is not there: I am doing Julie's job in her absence.
absent /'æbsǝnt/ adjective
not there; away: He was absent from work yesterday because he was ill. absolute/'absǝlu:t/ adjective
complete: I've never played chess before. I'm an absolute beginner. absolutely adverb
completely: You're absolutely right.