summarize the following paragraph :Introduction
Mosquitoes are considered the number one enemy of humans, killing approximately one million people annually (World Health Organization, 2005). It is one of the insects that have accompanied humans since ancient times and represents a source of nuisance and anxiety for human comfort and health.
Mosquitoes belong to the animal kingdom, Diptera order, and Culicidae family. They are considered one of the most important blood-sucking arthropods. They are a good vector for many viral and parasitic pathogens that infect humans with serious and fatal diseases in many countries of the world (Saleh, 2004 Al-Qawasmeh et al. 2008 Alzahrani et al., 2021; Redua 1983;;) Such as malaria, dengue fever, Rift Valley fever, chikungunya, West Nile fever, filariasis, and others, and there are more than 3,000 species of mosquitoes spread around the world (Service, 1993). It has the ability to adapt and live in different climatic conditions in terms of temperature, as it is found in hot areas, cold areas, and different terrain conditions in highlands such as mountain peaks and lowlands such as sea coasts, valleys, etc. (Saleh, 1998). The most important genera from a medical and veterinary perspective are Aedes, Culex, and Anopheles (Badawi, 1994).
In order to control diseases transmitted by mosquitoes, it is necessary to combine biological sciences and environmental sciences to understand the behavior of the pest, its breeding grounds, and the extent of its relationship with the biotic and abiotic factors surrounding it to arrive at integrated control strategies, as many studies and scientific research indicate the influence of environmental factors on the distribution and spread of mosquitoes. Insects in different environments due to the impact of these factors on the vitality and activity of living organisms. Each type of insect has a temperature range in which it can live. The same applies to humidity, as it affects the insect’s vital processes through an imbalance in water. There is a link between humidity, heat, and insect activity, as the effect of humidity is more evident with high temperatures (Al-Muhammadi, 2011).
There are physical and chemical factors that affect the life of insects. The physical factors include temperature, humidity, winds, the amount of rain, and location factors on the globe, as each region has its own organisms that are appropriate to the surrounding environment and its characteristics, as temperatures, the amount of rain, and humidity vary. The length of the photoperiod, the intensity of lighting, and chemical factors, including pH, salinity, and the organic and inorganic content of the area (Sharma, 2012).
  All of the above factors affect the growth and distribution of insects present in a particular place, causing variation in the distribution and quality of these organisms. Insects vary in their response to environmental changes to stabilize ecosystem conditions (Schowalter, 2016). Various climatic changes in the environment, such as differences in temperature, rainfall in some seasons, and humidity, as well as the excessive use of chemical pesticides, led to disruption of the insect ecosystem, causing them to move away from their original environment and move to a new environment that provides ideal conditions for reproduction (Khaliq et al., 2014). .
Monitoring and updating studies and conducting surveys of mosquito species and their distribution is important for the control program and reduction of mosquito-borne diseases. Therefore, an entomological survey was conducted throughout the city of Buraidah in the Qassim region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to determine the endemic mosquito species, their spatial distribution and densities.
 
Objectives of the study
  Due to the scarcity of studies related to the spread and identification of mosquitoes in the city of Buraidah in the Qassim region, the importance of this study is highlighted to achieve the following objectives: -.
• Identify, investigate and define the types of mosquitoes of medical and veterinary importance in the city of Buraidah using a scientific methodology and create taxonomic keys for them.
• Studying the numerical densities of mosquitoes in the city of Buraidah and studying their relationship to climatic conditions (temperature - humidity).
• Tracking the temporal and spatial changes of mosquito species and species in Buraidah.