RANDOMLY REORDENATE THIS QUESTIONS WITHOUT TITLES AND WITHOUT THE ANSWER
10. The amount of fuel delivered by an electromagnetic injector of a gasoline-powered engine depends on: 
    a) injector opening time
    b) voltage at the spark plug of the cylinder to which the injector delivers fuel
    c) fuel pressure supplied to the injector
a) The duration the injector remains open determines the amount of fuel injected into the cylinder.
c) Fuel pressure influences the rate at which fuel is delivered by the injector, affecting the amount of fuel injected. Voltage at the spark plug does not directly affect the amount of fuel delivered by the injector.
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2. The vehicle owner has three mini automotive fuse inserts in red, green, and blue. Indicate the rated current values, compliant with ISO 8820, that characterize these inserts. 
   a) 10A
   b) 15A
   c) 20A

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6. Ignition misfires can occur due to: 
   a) installation of a functional battery, but with a capacity lower than recommended
   b) excessive increase in the gap width between the spark plug electrodes
   c) installation of a spark plug that is too cold
   d) ignition coil damage
b) A widened spark plug gap can make ignition difficult, leading to misfires.
c) Cold spark plugs may not reach the required temperature for proper ignition, causing misfires.
d) Damaged ignition coils may not provide sufficient voltage to the spark plugs, resulting in misfires.
6. Misfires can occur as a result of:
a) installing a working battery, but with a capacity smaller than recommended
b) excessively increasing the electrode gap width of the spark plug
c) installing a spark plug that is too cold
b) Misfires can occur when the electrode gap width of the spark plug is excessively increased, leading to ineffective spark generation and combustion in the engine cylinders.

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1. To correctly design a vehicle's power supply network, the following should be considered:
   a) permissible current density in the wires
   b) nominal voltage of the electrical installation
   c) permissible maximum length of the wire network
a) Permissible current density is crucial to prevent overheating and ensure safety.
b) The nominal voltage must be considered to match the vehicle's electrical components and maintain proper operation.
1. To properly design the power supply network for a vehicle, the following should be considered:
a) permissible current density in the wires
b) nominal voltage of the electrical system
c) permissible maximum length of the wiring network
These factors are crucial for designing a vehicle's power supply network to ensure efficient and safe operation. Permissible current density determines wire gauge selection, nominal voltage impacts component compatibility, and permissible maximum length influences voltage drop and system performance.
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21. The emergency procedure for starting a vehicle engine with a discharged battery using electrical energy from the power supply of another vehicle with a functional battery of the same rated voltage value involves:
    a) connecting both batteries in series
    b) observing the correct order of connecting the jumper cables
    c) if necessary, starting the engine of the vehicle with the functional battery first – net suggests always necessary
b) Properly connecting jumper cables in the correct order ensures safe jump-starting without damaging electrical systems.
c) Starting the vehicle with the functional battery first stabilizes the power source for jump-starting the vehicle with the discharged battery.
4. The emergency procedure for starting the vehicle's engine with a discharged battery using electric energy from another vehicle with a functional battery of the same nominal voltage involves:
   a) serially connecting both batteries
   b) observing the correct sequence of connecting jumper cables
   c) if necessary, starting the vehicle's engine with a functional battery first
When jump-starting a vehicle with a discharged battery using electric energy from another vehicle with a functional battery, it's crucial to observe the correct sequence of connecting jumper cables to ensure safety and proper electrical flow between the batteries. This includes connecting positive to positive and negative to negative terminals in the correct order.

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9. In a direct fuel injection system:
a) a single injector injects fuel into the combustion chambers of all cylinders.
b) each injector injects fuel directly into the intake manifold.
c) the injector outlets are located inside the combustion chambers of each cylinder.
c) In a direct fuel injection system, fuel is injected directly into the combustion chambers of each cylinder, improving fuel atomization and combustion efficiency compared to indirect injection systems
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18. A vehicle's electrical system in a two-wire, non-ground-isolated circuit is distinguished by:
    a) one of the battery poles connected to conducting parts of the engine, body, and chassis
    b) all power network wires are made exclusively of copper
    c) to ensure power supply to all loads, a series connection of two batteries is necessary
a) Connecting one battery pole to conducting parts of the engine, body, and chassis establishes a common ground reference for the electrical system, simplifying wiring and ensuring proper functioning.
1. The vehicle's electrical system in a two-wire, non-isolated from ground configuration is distinguished by:
   a) one of the battery terminals connected to conductive parts of the engine, body, and chassis
   b) the entire power supply network consists of copper wires
   c) to ensure power supply to all receivers, it is necessary to serially connect two batteries
In this configuration, one of the battery terminals is connected to conductive parts like the engine, body, and chassis, providing a common ground return path for electrical currents, a common setup in vehicles.
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36. The maximum length of the power line supplying a load as part of a car electrical installation depends on:  7Electrical Wiring Related Questions
    a) the voltage supplied to the electrical system
    b) the resistance of the connecting wires
    c) the capacitance of the power line
    d) the cross-sectional area of the connecting wires
  
RELACIONADAS
1.	Lead acid battery
A lead-acid car battery comprises positive and negative plates, separators, and charge indicators. The separators prevent short circuits while allowing ion flow. The battery's performance depends on electrolyte density, temperature, and load current intensity. Voltage readings indicate charge status: 12.6 V means fully charged, while 10.5 V indicates discharge. Maintenance-free batteries with an electrolyte density of 0.9 g/cm³ are fully charged and don't need distilled water. These factors ensure efficient operation and longevity of lead-acid car batteries.

3. Which of the following elements can be used in the construction of lead-acid batteries found in vehicles?
   a) optocoupler
   b) charge indicator
   c) separator
b) A charge indicator is used to show the battery's state of charge.
c) Separators are used to keep the positive and negative plates apart to prevent short circuits within the battery.
4. The voltage measured at the terminals of a lead-acid car battery under load depends on:  
   a) electrolyte density
   b) electrolyte temperature
   c) load current intensity
a) Electrolyte density affects the battery's ability to produce voltage.
b) Electrolyte temperature influences the chemical reactions and thus the voltage.
c) Load current intensity impacts the voltage drop across the battery terminals under load.
12. When conducting a chemical analysis of substances that may constitute material present in the structure of electrodes of a lead-acid car battery, one should indicate:
    a) PbSO4
    b) PbO2
    c) lead
    d) NaCl






20. The electrolyte density of all six cells of a maintenance-free lead-acid car battery was 0.9 g/cm3. This means: 
    a) the battery is fully charged
    b) the electrolyte level should be topped up with distilled water
    c) further drawing of energy from this battery should be discontinued – 0.85+0.9=1.75
c) The given electrolyte density of 0.9 g/cm3 suggests that the battery is fully charged, so further drawing of energy from the battery should not be discontinued based solely on the electrolyte density.
29. Factors directly affecting the capacity of a car lead-acid battery include:
    a) electrolyte temperature (indirectly)
    b) electrolyte density
    c) discharge current intensity
    d) dimensions of positive and negative plates
b) Electrolyte density affects the battery's ability to store and deliver charge effectively.
c) Discharge current intensity influences the rate at which the battery's stored energy is utilized.
d) The dimensions of the positive and negative plates determine the surface area available for chemical reactions, thus affecting the battery's capacity.
38. Which of the listed elements are components of a lead-acid car battery?
    a) positive plate
    b) negative plate
    c) filtering capacitor
    d) separator
a) The positive plate is one of the components where the lead-acid reaction occurs, contributing to the battery's overall function.
b) Similarly, the negative plate is crucial for the lead-acid reaction and battery operation.
d) The separator is a component that physically separates the positive and negative plates, preventing short circuits while allowing ion flow during the battery's operation.
39. The voltage at the terminals of a maintenance-free car lead-acid battery with six cells was 12.6 V. This means:
    a) the battery is fully charged
    b) further drawing of energy from the battery should be stopped
    c) the battery is fully discharged
    d) the electrolyte level should be topped up with a dilute H2SO4 solution
a) A voltage reading of 12.6 V typically indicates a fully charged lead-acid battery.



52. The voltage at the terminals of a maintenance-free car lead-acid battery with six cells was 10.5 V. This means: 
    a) the battery is fully charged
    b) the battery is discharged
    c) further drawing of energy from the battery should be stopped
    d) the battery has been damaged due to plate sulfation
b) A voltage reading of 10.5 V typically indicates that the battery is discharged and in need of recharging.
3. The electrolyte density of all six cells of a maintenance-free car lead-acid battery was 0.9 g/cm3. This means:
   a) the battery is fully charged
   b) it is necessary to top up the electrolyte level with distilled water
   c) it is necessary to stop further drawing energy from this battery
3. Which of the given elements can be used in the construction of lead-acid batteries found in vehicles?
a) optocoupler
b) charge indicator
c) separator

c) In the construction of lead-acid batteries found in vehicles, separators are essential components. They help prevent short circuits between the positive and negative plates while allowing the flow of electrolyte ions to facilitate the battery's operation.
4. The voltage measured at the terminals of a lead-acid car battery, operating under load, depends on:
a) electrolyte density
b) electrolyte temperature
c) load current intensity
 
2.	CAN Bus
A CAN (Controller Area Network) node includes a transceiver, CAN controller, and microcontroller for communication and data processing. Key components of a car's CAN system are the bus and terminating resistors to prevent signal reflections. Low-Speed CAN systems can handle short circuits and use twisted pair wiring, operating at speeds like 100 kbit/s, 125 kbit/s, 250 kbit/s, and 500 kbit/s.

17. Components of the CAN node include: 
    a) transceiver
    b) CAN controller
    c) CAN diagnostic analyzer
    d) microcontroller
a) Transceiver facilitates communication between the CAN bus and the node.
b) CAN controller manages the communication protocol and data transmission on the CAN bus.
d) Microcontroller processes data and controls the node's behavior within the CAN network.
35. Components of a car CAN data transmission system include: 
    a) bus
    b) master node
    c) clock signal line connecting individual nodes
    d) terminating resistor
a) The "bus" is the main communication channel used in a CAN (Controller Area Network) system.
d) Terminating resistors are used at each end of the CAN bus to prevent signal reflections and ensure proper communication.
53. The Low-Speed CAN (LS) automotive system: 
    a) requires a separate wire for transmitting a clock signal to synchronize the operation of individual stations
    b) can operate correctly despite a short circuit between bus lines
    c) operates at a transmission speed of 125 kbit/s (40 kbit/s)
    d) has a bus made in the form of a twisted pair of wires
b) The Low-Speed CAN (LS) automotive system is designed to tolerate faults such as short circuits between bus lines without causing system-wide failure, ensuring reliable operation even in challenging conditions.
44. The standard transmission speed of CAN systems used in vehicles can be:
3 CAN System Related Questions
    a) 100 kbit/s
    b) 125 kbit/s
    c) 250 kbit/s
    d) 500 kbit/s

3.	Alternator voltage regulator
A car alternator typically features an excitation winding in the rotor, a three-phase rectifier to convert AC to DC, and uses slip rings and brushes for power transfer. An electronic voltage regulator in the alternator controls the excitation current to manage output voltage, often including transistors and Zener diodes. Excessive alternator voltage (>16V) may result from a damaged voltage regulator or diodes in the bridge rectifier. Low-speed CAN systems, using twisted pair wiring, can handle short circuits and operate at speeds like 125 kbit/s. A continuously lit battery indicator often signals a faulty voltage regulator.

5. An electronic alternator voltage regulator:
   a) converts the alternator's output AC current to DC current
   b) is responsible for regulating the excitation current of the alternator
   c) protects the alternator from short circuits
b) An electronic alternator voltage regulator adjusts the excitation current to control the alternator's output voltage. It does not directly convert AC to DC or protect against short circuits.
13. The electronic alternator voltage regulator in the basic circuit contains the following elements: 
    a) transformer
    b) transistor
    c) Zener diode
    d) photodiode
b) Transistors are commonly used in electronic voltage regulators to control the alternator's excitation current.
c) Zener diodes are often employed to regulate voltage in the alternator circuit by maintaining a constant voltage level.
14. The stator winding of a car alternator: 
    a) is directly connected to the battery terminals - first to the rectifier
    b) rotates along with the machine's rotor
    c) is powered via brushes and slip rings - the rotor is thus powered
    d) can be connected in star or delta - usually in star
b) The stator winding is indeed stationary and surrounds the rotor, generating an alternating current (AC) as the rotor spins within it.
c) Some alternators use brushes and slip rings to provide power to the rotor, which induces a magnetic field in the stator winding, generating electricity. 
19. Characteristics specific to a car alternator as an electric machine include:
    a) synchronous DC generator (they are AC not DC)
    b) excitation winding embedded in the rotor
    c) presence of a commutator
b) Car alternators typically feature an excitation winding embedded in the rotor, which generates the magnetic field required for electricity generation.

22. Elements characteristic of a typical car alternator include:
    a) three-phase rectifier
    b) commutator
    c) brushes
a) Car alternators typically use a three-phase rectifier to convert the generated alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC) for vehicle use.
c) Brushes are used in the alternator to transfer electrical power between stationary and rotating parts.
31. Components and subcomponents of a car alternator include: 
    a) three-phase rectifier
    b) three-phase inverter
    c) slip rings and brushes
    d) vacuum pressure voltage regulator - "vacuum advance ignition timing regulator"
a) A three-phase rectifier is commonly used in alternators to convert AC output into DC.
c) Slip rings and brushes are used to transfer electrical power between stationary and rotating parts in the alternator
32. Excessive output voltage of the alternator (>16V) can be caused by:
    a) insufficient machine excitation
    b) voltage regulator damage
    c) damage to the warning lamp bulb
    d) damage to one of the high-power diodes in the bridge rectifier
b) A damaged voltage regulator may fail to regulate the alternator's output voltage properly, leading to excessive voltage.
d) Damage to one of the high-power diodes in the bridge rectifier can result in uncontrolled flow of current, causing excessive output voltage.
40. Characteristics specific to a car alternator as an electric machine include: 
    a) synchronous AC generator (asynchronous)
    b) excitation winding embedded in the stator
    c) presence of a commutator
    d) automatic limitation of the maximum load current value
b) Car alternators typically have the excitation winding embedded in the stator, which generates the magnetic field required for electricity generation.






41. The voltage at the terminals of a car alternator significantly exceeds the rated value. The cause of this fault may be: 
    a) burned-out battery charging indicator bulb
    b) damaged voltage regulator
    c) break in the excitation winding circuit
    d) damage to one of the high-power diodes in the bridge rectifier
b) A damaged voltage regulator can fail to regulate the alternator's output voltage properly, leading to excessive voltage.
d) Damage to one of the high-power diodes in the bridge rectifier can result in uncontrolled flow of current, causing excessive output voltage.
47. If the battery charging indicator lamp remains continuously lit after starting the engine, it may indicate: 7 Component Protection Related Questions
    a) alternator voltage regulator damage
    b) lack of connection between one of the alternator brushes and the slip ring
    c) installation of a battery with lower capacity than recommended by the vehicle manufacturer
    d) excessive engine speed
a) If the battery charging indicator lamp remains continuously lit after starting the engine, it often indicates a fault with the alternator voltage regulator, causing the alternator to not properly charge the battery.
2. Characteristics of an automotive alternator as an electrical machine include:
   a) synchronous alternating current generator (they are synchronous)
   b) the excitation winding embedded in the rotor
   c) absence of a commutator
An automotive alternator typically features the excitation winding embedded in the rotor, which generates the magnetic field necessary for power generation. This configuration eliminates the need for slip rings and brushes, making it more durable and efficient compared to generators with a commutator.
6. The electronic voltage regulator of the alternator includes the following elements:
   a) transformer
   b) transistor
   c) Zener diode
b) The electronic voltage regulator of an alternator typically includes a transistor. c) The electronic voltage regulator of an alternator typically includes a Zener diode
5. The electronic voltage regulator of an alternator:
a) converts the alternating current output of the machine to direct current
b) is responsible for regulating the excitation current of the machine
c) protects the alternator from short circuits
b) The electronic voltage regulator of an alternator regulates the excitation current, ensuring the alternator generates the necessary voltage for the vehicle's electrical system.
5. Elements characteristic of a typical automotive alternator include:
   a) three-phase rectifier
   b) commutator
   c) brushes
An automotive alternator typically includes a three-phase rectifier to convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) for the vehicle's electrical system.
4.	Ignition system
Modern distributorless electronically controlled ignition systems typically include high-voltage diodes to manage voltage spikes. In contrast, traditional ignition systems may feature mechanical or electronic breakers. In the ignition system of a spark ignition engine, high-tension leads are crucial components. Additionally, electronically controlled fuel injection and ignition systems often incorporate airflow sensors to measure air volume entering the engine and oxygen content sensors to monitor exhaust gases for adjusting fuel-air mixture ratios.

24. Among the components and subcomponents of modern distributorless electronically controlled ignition systems, one should mention:
    a) high-voltage diode
    b) ignition coil with a rotating shaft
    c) mechanical breaker
a) High-voltage diodes are often used in modern distributorless ignition systems to prevent voltage spikes and protect sensitive electronic components.
48. The ignition system of a spark ignition engine includes:
    a) voltage regulator
    b) air temperature sensor
    c) mechanical or electronic breaker
    d) high-tension leads
34. Components of an electronically controlled fuel injection and ignition system for spark ignition engines include: 8 Fuel Injection Related Questions
    a) airflow sensor
    b) oxygen content sensor in exhaust gases
    c) automotive glow plug
    d) idle speed regulator
a) Airflow sensors measure the volume of air entering the engine, allowing the engine control unit to adjust fuel injection accordingly.
b) Oxygen content sensors monitor the oxygen levels in exhaust gases to adjust the fuel-air mixture for optimal combustion.
5.	Electronically controlled Injection systems
Automotive electronically controlled fuel injection systems are utilized in both spark ignition (gasoline) and compression ignition (diesel) engines to ensure precise fuel delivery and enhance engine performance. Essential components of electronically controlled gasoline injection systems include electric fuel pumps responsible for pressurizing fuel delivery to injectors. These systems feature sensors such as engine temperature sensors, oxygen content sensors, throttle position sensors, and air content sensors to optimize fuel-air mixture ratios and engine performance.

26. Automotive electronically controlled fuel injection systems:
    a) allow engine start without a battery
    b) are less reliable compared to carbureted fuel systems
    c) are used exclusively in spark ignition engines – including diesel engines
c) Automotive electronically controlled fuel injection systems are used in both spark ignition (gasoline) engines and compression ignition (diesel) engines for precise fuel delivery and optimal engine performance.
45. Which of the following elements or components are used in electronically controlled gasoline injection systems?
    a) glow plug
    b) electromagnetic idle speed regulator
    c) 1:1 isolation transformer
    d) electric fuel pump
d) Electric fuel pumps are essential components of electronically controlled gasoline injection systems, responsible for delivering pressurized fuel to the injectors.
10. Electronically controlled automotive fuel injection systems:
    a) allow engine starting without a battery
    b) are inferior in reliability to carburetor fuel systems
    c) are used exclusively in spark ignition engines
c) Electronically controlled automotive fuel injection systems are used exclusively in spark ignition engines.
8. Among the sensors included in the electronic gasoline injection control system, we should mention:
   a) engine temperature sensor
   b) oxygen content sensor in exhaust gases
   c) throttle position sensor
   d) air content sensor in exhaust gases
   e) ultrasonic alarm sensor
a) Engine temperature sensor helps adjust fuel mixture for optimal performance.
b) Oxygen content sensor monitors oxygen levels in exhaust gases to adjust fuel-air ratio.
c) Throttle position sensor informs the engine control unit about the throttle position for fuel delivery adjustment.
d) Air content sensor measures air intake to adjust fuel delivery for optimal combustion. 
6.	Ignition coil
The energy accumulated in the magnetic field of the ignition coil depends on the duration of activation of the primary winding. This duration determines the current flow through the coil, influencing the strength of the magnetic field. Additionally, in modern distributorless ignition systems controlled electronically, an essential component is the ignition coil with a rotating armature.

23. The energy accumulated due to the magnetic field of the ignition coil depends on:
4 Ignition System Related Questions
    a) the voltage supplied to the vehicle's electrical system
    b) the duration of activation of the primary winding of the ignition coil
    c) the resistance of the primary winding of the ignition coil
b) The energy stored in the magnetic field of the ignition coil depends on the duration of activation of the primary winding, as it determines the amount of current flowing through the coil and thus the strength of the magnetic field.
7. The energy stored due to the magnetic field of the ignition coil depends on:
   a) the voltage of the vehicle's electrical system
   b) the time of activation of the primary winding of the ignition coil
   c) the resistance of the primary winding of the ignition coil
b) The energy stored due to the magnetic field of the ignition coil depends on the time of activation of the primary winding of the ignition coil.
c) The energy stored due to the magnetic field of the ignition coil depends on the resistance of the primary winding of the ignition coil.
8. Among the components of modern distributorless ignition systems controlled electronically, one should mention:
   a) high-voltage diode
   b) ignition coil with rotating armature
   c) mechanical breaker
b) Among the components of modern distributorless ignition systems controlled electronically, one should mention the ignition coil with rotating armature.

 
7.	Spark plug
Using a spark plug with a thermal heat dissipation capacity higher than recommended ("hot" spark plug) can lead to overheating of the spark plug, potentially causing damage and pre-ignition, resulting in engine knocking. An automotive lambda sensor is responsible for monitoring the fuel-air mixture composition. Regarding spark plugs, the voltage polarity at the spark plugs can be positive or negative relative to ground, depending on the type of ignition system.

42. Using a spark plug with a thermal heat dissipation capacity higher than recommended (a "hot" spark plug) can potentially lead to: 10 Engine Misfire Related Questions
    a) overheating of the spark plug
    b) issues with self-cleaning of the spark plug
    c) ignition misfires
    d) pre-ignition
a) Using a spark plug with a higher thermal heat dissipation capacity than recommended can lead to overheating of the spark plug, potentially causing damage.
d) Pre-ignition can occur when a spark plug with excessive heat dissipation capacity ignites the air-fuel mixture prematurely, leading to engine knocking and potentially damaging the engine.
46. Characteristics of an automotive lambda sensor include: 
5 Spark Plug Related Questions
    a) installed in the intake manifold
    b) responsible for monitoring the fuel-air mixture composition
    c) measures engine temperature
    d) directs a portion of exhaust gases back into the combustion chamber

49. Which of the following statements are true? 5 Spark Plug Related Questions
    a) the self-cleaning temperature of a spark plug does not exceed 100°C
    b) the voltage polarity at the spark plugs can be positive or negative relative to ground
    c) the secondary voltage of the ignition coil depends on the voltage supplied to the electrical system
    d) spark plug insulators are ceramic, so all spark plugs have the same thermal resistance
b) The voltage polarity at the spark plugs can indeed be positive or negative relative to ground, depending on the type of ignition system (positive or negative ground).
 
8.	Starter motor
A significantly lower than expected rotational speed of the starter motor shaft can be caused by various factors. An increase in the internal resistance of the battery supplying the starter reduces the available voltage, slowing down the motor. Additionally, wear of the contacts in the starter solenoid switch and increased resistance in the brush-commutator circuit can also contribute to slower rotation. These issues affect the efficiency of power transfer to the motor, resulting in decreased speed.

7. A significantly lower than expected speed of the starter motor shaft may be caused by:  (REPETIDA CON TEMA)
   a) increase in the internal resistance of the starter battery
   b) break in the secondary circuit of the engine's ignition coil
   c) disconnection of the engine's ignition coil
   d) increase in resistance in the brush-commutator circuit
   e) wear of the contacts of the starter solenoid switch
a) Higher internal resistance in the battery reduces the current available for the starter motor, slowing it down.
d) Increased resistance in the brush-commutator circuit decreases the efficiency of power transfer to the motor, slowing it down.
e) Wear on the contacts of the starter solenoid switch can result in poor electrical connection, reducing the motor's speed.
15. Characteristics specific to a car starter motor as an electric machine include:
    a) synchronous AC machine
    b) series DC machine
    c) presence of a commutator
    d) electromagnetic torque dependent on the square of the machine's current
b) Car starter motors are typically series-wound DC machines, providing high starting torque.
c) Starter motors feature a commutator, essential for converting AC power from the battery into DC.
d) The electromagnetic torque of a car starter motor indeed depends on the square of the machine's current, making option d) a valid characteristic.
25. The rotational speed of the starter motor shaft depends on:
    a) internal resistance of the supplying battery
    b) the torque load on the starter motor
    c) the current output of the alternator at the time of starting
b) The rotational speed of the starter motor shaft is primarily influenced by the torque load placed on it, such as the resistance of the engine's compression and mechanical friction.
 
33. A car starter motor in a DC motor, one of its characteristics being:
    a) high starting torque (he said only one and this is not the favourite)
    b) series or series-parallel connection method for the excitation winding
    c) rotational speed independent of excitation
    d) presence of a commutator
d) Starter motors typically feature a commutator, which is essential for converting AC power from the battery into DC power for the motor's operation.
43. Which of the following characteristics apply to a car starter motor?
    a) series DC motor (series-wound DC motors is correct)
    b) electromagnetic torque depends on the square of the machine's current
    c) presence of a commutator
b) The electromagnetic torque produced by a car starter motor is indeed proportional to the square of the machine's current, a characteristic feature of DC motors.
c) Car starter motors typically feature a commutator, essential for converting AC power from the battery into DC power for the motor's operation.
9. The rotational speed of the starter motor shaft depends on:
   a) the internal resistance of the supplying battery
   b) the torque load on the starter motor
   c) the current output of the alternator at the moment of starting
b) The rotational speed of the starter motor shaft depends on the torque load on the starter motor.
7. Significantly lower than expected rotational speed of the starter motor shaft can be caused by:
a) an increase in the internal resistance of the battery supplying the starter
b) an open circuit in the secondary coil of the engine's ignition coil
c) wear of the contacts in the starter solenoid switch
a) A significantly lower than expected rotational speed of the starter motor shaft can be caused by an increase in the internal resistance of the battery supplying the starter. Higher internal resistance reduces the available voltage to the starter motor, leading to slower rotation.




 
SIN TEMA
11. Mark the typical rated voltage values for a car electrical installation:
    a) 10 V
    b) 12 V
    c) 30 V
    d) 42 V
b) A typical car electrical system operates at a nominal voltage of 12 volts. (it said to mark the typical one)
16. Which of the listed signals are significant for the controller of a fourth-generation LPG automotive installation? 10 Engine Misfire Related Questions
    a) lambda probe signal
    b) engine rpm signal
    c) signal determining gasoline injection time
    d) LPG fuel temperature signal
b) Engine RPM signal is crucial for the controller to adjust LPG injection timing accurately.
c) The signal determining gasoline injection time helps the controller synchronize LPG injection with the engine's operation for optimal performance
28. Two-wire electrical installations isolated from the chassis are encountered:
13 Vehicle Electrical System Related Questions
    a) in passenger cars with body parts made of plastic
    b) in all heavy-duty vehicles designed to tow trailers or semitrailers
    c) in heavy-duty vehicles intended for the transportation of hazardous materials
    d) only in buses, to improve passenger safety
a) Two-wire electrical installations isolated from the chassis are commonly found in passenger cars with body parts made of non-conductive materials like plastic, to prevent electrical shorts and improve safety.
27. Practical nominal voltage values for vehicle electrical installations include:
    a) 6 V
    b) 12 V
    c) 24 V
    d) 42 V
all but most commons b and c



51. Which of the listed devices cooperate with circuits where top-link fuses are not usually used? 9 Fuse Related Questions
    a) starter motor
    b) ignition coil
    c) electric fuel pump
    d) alternator
c) Electric fuel pumps are often not protected by top-link fuses in automotive circuits.
d) Alternators are typically not protected by top-link fuses either, as they are integral components of the vehicle's electrical system and are not directly connected to high-amperage circuits like starter motors.
37. Which of the given designations relate to terminals connected to the positive pole of the voltage source in a car electrical installation (according to DIN 72552)?
    a) 15
    b) 30 (OF BATTERY)
    c) 31 - Direct return cable from the battery minus or ground
    d) 31a - Return cable to battery II minus