Summarize the following text to main points and sub-points and make detailed explain for them:

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Methods of contraception: 
a. Natural methods: 
1. Calendar method "Rhythm". 
 
 
 
 
 
2. Basal Body temperature "BBT". 
 
 
3. Cervical mucus method.  
 
 
4. Symptomthrermal method. 
5. Ovulation awareness method. 
6. Coitus interrupts. 
7. lactational amenorrhea method. 
 
b. Mechanical methods: 
1- Intra-uterine device ( IUD's) 
 
 
2- Vaginal sponge. 
 
 
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3- Male condom. 
 
 
4- Female condom. 
 
5- Vaginal diaphragm. 
 
6- Cervical cap. 
 
 
 
c. Chemical methods: 
1- Foams.  
 
 
2- Jellies (gel)  
 
 
MALE CONDOM
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3- Foaming tablets 
 
 
4- Spermicidal creams. 
 
 
5- Spermicidal soluble film. 
 
 
 
d- Hormonal methods: 
1- Oral contraceptive methods 
 
 
2- Injectable contraceptive methods 
 
 
3- Transdermal patches 
 
4-Vaginal ring 
 
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5- Implantable methods 
 
6- Hormone – releasing Intrauterine  
    device 
 
 
e- Surgical methods: 
1- Male sterilization  
 
2- Female sterilization (Tubal  
ligation). 
 
 
 Role of the nurse in family planning program 
I- Assessment role: 
          1-Identify the client in need for family planning: 
 Adolescents: because many adolescents use no contraception 
or use a method irregularly, so they are at high risk of 
unwanted 
pregnancy, 
unsafe 
abortion, 
and 
sexually 
transmitted infections. 
 Postpartum Women &Post-abortion Women 
 Women over Age 35: Contraception is recommended 
because pregnancy after age 35 carries increased health risks 
for both the woman and her child. 
ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻌﺰ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺎﻧﻢ
UG_31147654@i-nursing.tanta.edu.eg
UG_31147654@i-nursing.tanta.edu.eg
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 Women with chronic health problems. 
II- Functional role: 
This includes case finding and referral of clients. After identifying 
those in need of family planning, explain methods available, and 
referral to appropriate resources of care.   Also, nurses have been 
trained to insert the IUD, diaphragm, and supervising women 
using hormonal contraceptives. 
III- 
Educational role: The nurse is responsible for providing 
knowledge in suitable and effective way, using language and 
terminology appropriate for teaching women.  
IV- 
Supervisory role: 
o Supervises the function of her staff in the field to ensure that 
each nurse knows what is expected from him or her to 
perform. 
o Guides her staff to overcome their difficulties in the work. 
V- Counseling and follow-up role: 
o Counseling is a key component of family planning services 
and follow-up is the continuity of care. 
o Explanation of what method is better for her, its 
effectiveness, side effects, contraindications and danger 
signs. 
VI- Sex educational role:  It may include: 
o Risks and consequences of sexual activity. 
o Contraceptive methods and STDs.  
o Fertility issues "the reproductive system, the menstrual 
cycle and how pregnancy occurs. 
V-Evaluation role: It includes analyzing and evaluating of the nursing 
practices and services from both qualitative and quantitative aspects. 
ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻌﺰ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺎﻧﻢ
UG_31147654@i-nursing.tanta.edu.eg
UG_31147654@i-nursing.tanta.edu.eg
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Questions: 
I- Please put (True) in front of the correct statement and 
(False) in front of the false statement: - 
1. Family planning is the device or practice used to decrease the 
risk of conception.                                                 (      ) 
2. Contraceptive history is one component of family planning 
visit.                                                                      (      ) 
3. Lack 
of 
using 
family 
planning 
services 
can 
cause 
overpopulation                                                       (      ) 
4. Preventing fear from unwanted pregnancy is health benefit of 
family planning.                                                     (      ) 
5. Intrauterine contraceptive device is a hormonal method of 
family planning.                                                      (      ) 
II. Please choose and encircle the correct answer: 
 
1. Which of the following is one criteria of the ideal contraceptive 
method : 
a) Had side effects and complications. 
b) Rapidly reversible. 
c) Effective. 
d) Coitus dependent. 
2. The surgical contraceptive method include: 
a) Vaginl sponge. 
b) Tubal sterilization. 
c) Vasectomy. 
d) b and c. 
3. Agencies which can provide family planning services in Egypt: 
a) MCH centers. 
b) Rural health clinics. 
c) Emergency hospitals. 
ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺍﺑﻮﺍﻟﻌﺰ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺎﻧﻢ
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d) a and b. 
1. The obstacles of family planning services include: 
a) Poor quality of services.  
b) Overpopulation. 
c) Limitations of contraceptive choices. 
d) a and c. 
2. Which of the following considered as folk contraceptive 
method: 
a) Spermicidal films. 
b) Male condom. 
c) Vasectomy. 
d) Chewing plant seeds. 
IV- Complete the following: 
 
4. Enumerate three roles of the nurse in family planning 
program? 
1) ………………………………………………………………… 
2) ………………………………………………………………… 
3) …………………………………………………………………. 
5. List 4 points when to discuss contraception with women? 
1) ………………………………………………………………… 
2) ……………………………………………………………….. 
3) ………………………………………………………………… 
6. Outline 5 family planning services in Egypt?  
1) ………………………………………………………………… 
2) ………………………………………………………………… 
3) ………………………………………………………………… 
4) ………………………………………………………………… 
5) ………………………………………………………………… 
 
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UG_31147654@i-nursing.tanta.edu.eg
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Menstrual Disorders 
Objectives: 
At the end of the lecture the student will be able to: 
 Identify definitions of common menstrual disorders.  
 Enumerate types of menstrual disorders. 
 List types of amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea. 
 Plan nursing assessment and management for women experiencing 
menstrual disorders.  
Introduction 
       Many women each month women across the world have to deal with 
the uncomfortable effects of menstruation with little or no concern. With 
few symptoms to worry about, their menses are like clockwork, starting 
and stopping at nearly the same time every month. For others, the 
menstrual cycle causes physical and emotional symptoms that initiate 
visits to their health care provider for consultation.  
 Definition of Menstrual disorders:  It is a physical or emotional problem 
that interferes with the normal  menstrual cycle, as causing pain, unusually 
heavy or light bleeding, delayed menarche, or missed periods. 
Types of menstrual disorders:- 
1. Amenorrhea.                   2. Dysmenorrhea. 
1. Amenorrhea 
Definition of amenorrhea:-It is absence of a menstruation during 
reproductive age which indicates of gynecological disorder. It may occur as 
physiological phenomenon as pre-puberty, during pregnancy or after the 
menopause.  
 
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Types of amenorrhea: 
1. False amenorrhea( crypto menorrhea ): 
Is a condition where menstruation occurs but is not visible due to an 
obstruction of the outflow tract, specifically the endometrium is shed, but 
a congenital obstruction retains the menstrual flow. A patient with crypto 
menorrhea will appear to have amenorrhea but will experience cyclic 
menstrual pain. The condition is surgically correctable. 
Causes of false amenorrhea: 
 Blockage of the cervix: this may be congenital or acquired. 
 Imperforate hymen. 
 Transverse vaginal septum. 
 Non -canalization or absence of vagina. 
2. True amenorrhea: 
There are two types of true amenorrhea:- 
 Physiological amenorrhea. 
 Pathological amenorrhea. 
Physiological amenorrhea. 
Amenorrhea may be normal at certain periods in a woman's life, for 
exam

Summary :