帮我把两篇论文融合一下，逻辑通顺，字数六千字。论文1 Gertrude in Shakespeare’s Hamlet: A Multi-dimensional Analysis

Introduction

Gertrude, the mother of Hamlet in Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet, is an intriguing character who has been the subject of much debate and speculation. Some critics view her as a shallow, immoral, and manipulative woman who lacks empathy and loyalty, while others view her as a misunderstood character who is caught in the middle of a power struggle. This paper offers a multi-dimensional analysis of Gertrude, examining her character development and motivations through different lenses, including gender, psychology, historical context, and literary conventions.

Gender Analysis

Gender plays a crucial role in shaping Gertrude’s character and her relationships with other characters in the play. As a female character in a male-dominated society, Gertrude experiences both power and powerlessness. On the one hand, she is a queen and has access to the throne and all the privileges that come with it. On the other hand, she is subjected to the patriarchal norms that require her to be submissive and passive. Her relationship with her husband, King Hamlet, reflects this power dynamic. In the opening scene, Gertrude is described as “our sometime sister, now our Queen,” which suggests that her identity is defined by her marriage to the king. She is expected to be obedient and loyal to her husband, but her remarriage to Claudius after King Hamlet’s death is seen as a violation of those norms.

Furthermore, Gertrude’s relationship with her son, Hamlet, is also complicated by gender expectations. Gertrude embodies the maternal figure, yet her affection and loyalty to her son are often questioned. Hamlet’s anger and resentment towards his mother’s remarriage reflect his fear of losing his place in her affections, as well as broader anxieties about his own masculinity and identity. This is exemplified in Act 3, Scene 4, where Hamlet accuses Gertrude of being “too much in the sun” and reducing herself “to an ant,” suggesting that she has surrendered her power to the male figures around her.

Psychological Analysis

Gertrude’s character development is also driven by her psychological state. Her actions can be seen as stemming from a desire to protect her own mental and emotional stability. Gertrude’s reaction to her husband’s death is a prime example of this emotional instability. She appears to be deeply affected by the loss, yet she remarries quickly, suggesting that she is trying to escape her grief. Her desire for emotional stability is evident in Act 3, Scene 4, where she becomes angry and upset when Hamlet confronts her about her relationship with Claudius. Gertrude’s response is defensive, suggesting that she is trying to protect herself from the uncomfortable emotions that the situation provokes.

Historical Context Analysis

Gertrude’s character is also shaped by the historical context in which the play was written. The Elizabethan era was a time of social and political upheaval, with changes in religious, cultural, and economic practices impacting people’s lives. Women’s roles in society were particularly restricted, with few opportunities for education or employment. Gertrude’s behavior can be interpreted as reflecting these societal norms and expectations. Her compliance with patriarchal expectations of women, as seen in her remarriage to Claudius, can be seen as a reflection of her dependence upon male figures for survival and security.

Furthermore, Gertrude’s relationship with Claudius can also be seen in a broader political context. His usurpation of the throne reflects the political instability of the time, with power struggles and intrigues prevalent in court politics. Gertrude’s complicity in Claudius’ scheme can be seen as a reflection of her own political naivety and lack of agency, brought about by her gender and status.

Literary Convention Analysis

The literary conventions of the play also impact the development of Gertrude’s character. Shakespeare frequently employs the trope of the “fallen woman” in his plays, where women who violate societal norms are punished with tragic consequences. Gertrude’s role as a “fallen woman” is exemplified by her remarriage to Claudius, which is seen as a violation of her loyalty to her husband and the moral norms of the society. Her death, which occurs as a result of her drinking poisoned wine intended for Hamlet, can also be seen as a punishment for her initial transgression.

Postcolonial Analysis

A postcolonial analysis of Gertrude’s character in Hamlet reveals an intersectional approach represented in her actions and relationships. In Shakespeare’s times, post conception of race and colonialism, the role of women as caretakers of the home, wife, and mother was certainly universal. However, the subjugation of women’s identity and import into binaries were considered predominant. In relation to Gertrude, the interpretation can be further analyzed in the subtextual layer of the play. Gertrude’s role is that of a wife to King Hamlet, and subsequently a mother to Prince Hamlet, and the queen once more after marrying Claudius. Her husband’s death left her vulnerable, just as a colonized nation is left vulnerable without its ruler. Hence, in order to secure the throne, she remarries quickly. This reflects the colonial preoccupation with protecting possessions and empire. Claudius’ presence also leads Gertrude to contest for power as seen in her interference with Polonius’ use of Ophelia to spy on Hamlet.

Feminist Analysis

A feminist lens of analysis focuses on the role of women in the play, their representation, participation and perception. The prime female character is Gertrude, who is placed in a male dominated space. Feminist criticism brings to light the role of women in a society where they are inferior and their opinions are suppressed by men. Women in the play are seen as sexual objects that are subordinate to the autonomy of men. Hamlet attempts to overcome the male oppression and control when he dismisses Ophelia by saying, “Get thee to a nunnery.” Gertrude is expected to fulfil her duties as a wife and mother. She is not perceived to have a personality of her own. Her role is to console and support King Hamlet and then Claudius. Gertrude is portrayed as a weak character as she is incapable of taking an independent decision without any male influence in her life.

Conclusion

Gertrude is an intricate character whose motivations and actions can be interpreted through different lenses. Her relationships and actions are shaped by gender, psychology, historical context, and literary conventions, as well as postcolonial and feminist perspectives. Depending on the perspective, Gertrude can be seen as a sympathetic or villainous character, caught in the middle of a power struggle and navigating complex emotional and social dynamics. Shakespeare’s portrayal of Gertrude offers a rich and nuanced exploration of women’s place in society and the complex dynamics of power and gender. The portrayal of Gertrude in the play offers us a glimpse not only of the role of women in Shakespeare’s times but also a depiction of the mindset of the period, patriarchal, discriminatory, and subjugating women to the supremacy of men.     论文2Introduction

Gertrude, the mother of Hamlet, is a multifaceted character whose motivations and actions have been a subject of intense scrutiny in literary criticism. Through a close reading of Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet, we will analyze Gertrude’s character from multiple angles and dimensions. This essay will explore Gertrude’s relationship with her late husband, King Hamlet, her son, Prince Hamlet, and her new husband, Claudius. We will also examine how gender and social status affect Gertrude’s behavior and actions throughout the play.

Gertrude’s Relationship with King Hamlet

Gertrude’s relationship with her late husband, King Hamlet, is a critical aspect of her character. Word of King Hamlet’s death brings her tremendous grief as she mourns the loss of her husband. However, her quick remarriage to Claudius suggests a questionable level of loyalty to King Hamlet and his memory. Hamlet’s statements condemning his mother for her hasty remarriage suggest that he believes she was unfaithful to his father, indicating that she may have been looking to replace him.

“Thou hast thy father much offended.” (Act 3, Scene 4)

Gertrude’s Relationship with Prince Hamlet

Gertrude’s relationship with Prince Hamlet is also complex. Her quick remarriage, which angers and devastates Hamlet, fuels his anger towards her. He sees her marriage as betrayal to his father’s memory, and her willingness to embrace Claudius as an act of treachery. Hamlet’s anger and frustration lead him to isolate himself from his mother and treat her cruelly.

“Nay, but to live /In the rank sweat of an enseamed bed” (Act 3, Scene 4)

Gertrude’s Relationship with Claudius

Gertrude’s relationship with her new husband, Claudius, is a significant aspect of her character. Her marriage to Claudius, so soon after King Hamlet’s death, creates a sense of suspicion around her motives. Critics vary in their interpretation of Gertrude’s marriage to Claudius, with some speculating that she married him out of a desire for power and status. Others argue that Gertrude was driven to marry Claudius in order to protect her son, Prince Hamlet, and ensure his position as the rightful heir to the throne.

Gender and Social Status

Gertrude’s gender and social status affect her behavior and actions throughout the play. As a woman, Gertrude is subject to the cultural constraints of the time, which limited her options and choices. Her role as a queen brings added pressure, as she is expected to fulfill certain duties and responsibilities. As a widow, Gertrude is expected to mourn for an appropriate period before remarrying. However, her quick remarriage suggests that she may not have been able to fulfill this expectation, perhaps due to her desire for companionship.

Conclusion

Gertrude, as a character in Shakespeare’s play Hamlet, is defined by her relationships with King Hamlet, Prince Hamlet, and Claudius. Her behavior and actions in response to these relationships reveal the multifaceted nature of her character. Her quick remarriage to Claudius, her inability to understand Prince Hamlet’s feelings, and her ambiguous loyalties to King Hamlet demonstrate her complex character. Her gender and social status also play a significant role in her behavior throughout the play. Gertrude’s nuanced character highlights the cultural constraints imposed upon women of her time, as well as the complex dynamics of family and political power.