{"input": "Which film has the director who died earlier, Deuces Wild or Cavalcade Of The West?", "context": "Passage 1:\nBrian Kennedy (gallery director)\nBrian Patrick Kennedy (born 5 November 1961) is an Irish-born art museum director who has worked in Ireland and Australia, and now lives and works in the United States.  He was the director of the Peabody Essex Museum in Salem for 17 months, resigning December 31, 2020. He was the director of the Toledo Museum of Art in Ohio from 2010 to 2019. He was the director of the Hood Museum of Art from 2005 to 2010, and the National Gallery of Australia (Canberra) from 1997 to 2004.\n\nCareer\nBrian Kennedy currently lives and works in the United States after leaving Australia in 2005 to direct the Hood Museum of Art at Dartmouth College. In October 2010 he became the ninth Director of the Toledo Museum of Art. On 1 July 2019, he succeeded Dan Monroe as the executive director and CEO of the Peabody Essex Museum.\n\nEarly life and career in Ireland\nKennedy was born in Dublin and attended Clonkeen College. He received B.A. (1982), M.A. (1985) and PhD (1989) degrees from University College-Dublin, where he studied both art history and history.\nHe worked in the Irish Department of Education (1982), the European Commission, Brussels (1983), and in Ireland at the Chester Beatty Library (1983\u201385), Government Publications Office (1985\u201386), and Department of Finance (1986\u201389). He married Mary Fiona Carlin in 1988.He was Assistant Director at the National Gallery of Ireland in Dublin from 1989 to 1997. He was Chair of the Irish Association of Art Historians from 1996 to 1997, and of the Council of Australian Art Museum Directors from 2001 to 2003. In September 1997 he became Director of the National Gallery of Australia.\n\nNational Gallery of Australia (NGA)\nKennedy expanded the traveling exhibitions and loans program throughout Australia, arranged for several major shows of Australian art abroad, increased the number of exhibitions at the museum itself and oversaw the development of an extensive multi-media site.  Although he oversaw several years of the museum's highest ever annual visitation, he discontinued the emphasis of his predecessor, Betty Churcher, on showing \"blockbuster\" exhibitions.\nDuring his directorship, the NGA gained government support for improving the building and significant private donations and corporate sponsorship. However, the initial design for the building proved controversial generating a public dispute with the original architect on moral rights grounds.  As a result, the project was not delivered during Dr Kennedy's tenure, with a significantly altered design completed some years later.  Private funding supported two acquisitions of British art, including David Hockney's A Bigger Grand Canyon in 1999, and Lucian Freud's After C\u00e9zanne in 2001. Kennedy built on the established collections at the museum by acquiring the Holmgren-Spertus collection of Indonesian textiles; the Kenneth Tyler collection of editioned prints, screens, multiples and unique proofs; and the Australian Print Workshop Archive. He was also notable for campaigning for the construction of a new \"front\" entrance to the Gallery, facing King Edward Terrace, which was completed in 2010 (see reference to the building project above).\nKennedy's cancellation of the \"Sensation exhibition\" (scheduled at the NGA from 2 June 2000 to 13 August 2000) was controversial, and seen by some as censorship. He claimed that the decision was due to the exhibition being \"too close to the market\" implying that a national cultural institution cannot exhibit the private collection of a speculative art investor. However, there were other exhibitions at the NGA during his tenure, which could have raised similar concerns. The exhibition featured the privately owned Young British Artists works belonging to Charles Saatchi and attracted large attendances in London and Brooklyn. Its most controversial work was Chris Ofili's The Holy Virgin Mary, a painting which used elephant dung and was accused of being blasphemous. The then-mayor of New York, Rudolph Giuliani, campaigned against the exhibition, claiming it was \"Catholic-bashing\" and an \"aggressive, vicious, disgusting attack on religion.\" In November 1999, Kennedy cancelled the exhibition and stated that the events in New York had \"obscured discussion of the artistic merit of the works of art\". He has said that it \"was the toughest decision of my professional life, so far.\"Kennedy was also repeatedly questioned on his management of a range of issues during the Australian Government's Senate Estimates process - particularly on the NGA's occupational health and safety record and concerns about the NGA's twenty-year-old air-conditioning system. The air-conditioning was finally renovated in 2003. Kennedy announced in 2002 that he would not seek extension of his contract beyond 2004, accepting a seven-year term as had his two predecessors.He became a joint Irish-Australian citizen in 2003.\n\nToledo Museum of Art\nThe Toledo Museum of Art is known for its exceptional collections of European and American paintings and sculpture, glass, antiquities, artist books, Japanese prints and netsuke. The museum offers free admission and is recognized for its historical leadership in the field of art education.  During his tenure, Kennedy has focused the museum's art education efforts on visual literacy, which he defines as \"learning to read, understand and write visual language.\"   Initiatives have included baby and toddler tours, specialized training for all staff, docents, volunteers and the launch of a website, www.vislit.org. In November 2014, the museum hosted the International Visual Literacy Association (IVLA) conference, the first Museum to do so. Kennedy has been a frequent speaker on the topic, including 2010 and 2013 TEDx talks on visual and sensory literacy.\nKennedy has expressed an interest in expanding the museum's collection of contemporary art and art by indigenous peoples. Works by Frank Stella, Sean Scully, Jaume Plensa, Ravinder Reddy and Mary Sibande have been acquired.  In addition, the museum has made major acquisitions of Old Master paintings by Frans Hals and Luca Giordano.During his tenure the Toledo Museum of Art has announced the return of several objects from its collection due to claims the objects were stolen and/or illegally exported prior being sold to the museum.  In 2011 a Meissen sweetmeat stand was returned to Germany followed by an Etruscan Kalpis or water jug to Italy (2013), an Indian sculpture of Ganesha (2014) and an astrological compendium to Germany in 2015.\n\nHood Museum of Art\nKennedy became Director of the Hood Museum of Art in July 2005. During his tenure, he implemented a series of large and small-scale exhibitions and oversaw the production of more than 20 publications to bring greater public attention to the museum's remarkable collections of the arts of America, Europe, Africa, Papua New Guinea and the Polar regions. At 70,000 objects, the Hood has one of the largest collections on any American college of university campus. The exhibition, Black Womanhood: Images, Icons, and Ideologies of the African Body, toured several US venues. Kennedy increased campus curricular use of works of art, with thousands of objects pulled from storage for classes annually. Numerous acquisitions were made with the museum's generous endowments, and he curated several exhibitions: including Wenda Gu: Forest of Stone Steles: Retranslation and Rewriting Tang Dynasty Poetry, Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, and Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons.\n\nPublications\nKennedy has written or edited a number of books on art, including:\n\nAlfred Chester Beatty and Ireland 1950-1968: A study in cultural politics, Glendale Press (1988), ISBN 978-0-907606-49-9\nDreams and responsibilities: The state and arts in independent Ireland, Arts Council of Ireland (1990), ISBN 978-0-906627-32-7\nJack B Yeats: Jack Butler Yeats, 1871-1957 (Lives of Irish Artists), Unipub (October 1991), ISBN 978-0-948524-24-0\nThe Anatomy Lesson: Art and Medicine (with Davis Coakley), National Gallery of Ireland (January 1992), ISBN 978-0-903162-65-4\nIreland: Art into History (with Raymond Gillespie), Roberts Rinehart Publishers (1994), ISBN 978-1-57098-005-3\nIrish Painting, Roberts Rinehart Publishers (November 1997),  ISBN 978-1-86059-059-7\nSean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, Hood Museum of Art (October 2008), ISBN 978-0-944722-34-3\nFrank Stella: Irregular Polygons, 1965-1966, Hood Museum of Art (October 2010), ISBN 978-0-944722-39-8\n\nHonors and achievements\nKennedy was awarded the Australian Centenary Medal in 2001 for service to Australian Society and its art. He is a trustee and treasurer of the Association of Art Museum Directors, a peer reviewer for the American Association of Museums and a member of the International Association of Art Critics. In 2013 he was appointed inaugural eminent professor at the University of Toledo and received an honorary doctorate from Lourdes University. Most recently, Kennedy received the 2014 Northwest Region, Ohio Art Education Association award for distinguished educator for art education.\n\n\n== Notes ==\nPassage 2:\nScott Kalvert\nScott Kalvert (August 15, 1964 \u2013 March 5, 2014) was an American film director, known mainly for his 1995 film The Basketball Diaries, starring Leonardo DiCaprio and Mark Wahlberg, and 2002's Deuces Wild, starring Stephen Dorff and Brad Renfro.\nHe was also a successful music video director, collaborating with artists such as Cyndi Lauper, Jetboy, Snoop Doggy Dogg, DJ Jazzy Jeff and The Fresh Prince, Bobby Brown, Taylor Dayne, Deep Blue Something, Billy Ocean, Marky Mark and the Funky Bunch, LL Cool J, Samantha Fox, Eric B. & Rakim and Salt 'n' Pepa.\nKalvert was found dead in his home in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles on March 5, 2014, from an apparent suicide. He left behind his wife and two daughters.\n\nSelected filmography\nThe Basketball Diaries (1995)\nDeuces Wild (2002)\nPassage 3:\nElliot Silverstein\nElliot Silverstein (born August 3, 1927) is a retired American film and television director. He directed the Academy Award-winning western comedy Cat Ballou (1965), and other films including The Happening (1967), A Man Called Horse (1970), Nightmare Honeymoon (1974), and The Car (1977). His television work includes four episodes of The Twilight Zone (1961\u20131964).\n\nCareer\nElliot Silverstein was the director of six feature films in the mid-twentieth century. The most famous of these by far is Cat Ballou, a comedy-western starring Jane Fonda and Lee Marvin.\nThe other Silverstein films, in chronological order, are The Happening, A Man Called Horse,  Nightmare Honeymoon, The Car, and Flashfire.\nOther work included directing for the television shows The Twilight Zone, The Nurses, Picket Fences, and Tales from the Crypt.\nWhile Silverstein was not a prolific director, his films were often decorated. Cat Ballou, for instance, earned one Oscar and was nominated for four more. His high quality work was rewarded in 1990 with a Lifetime Achievement Award by the Directors Guild of America.\n\nAwards\nIn 1965, at the 15th Berlin International Film Festival, he won the Youth Film Award \u2013 Honorable Mention, in the category of Best Feature Film Suitable for Young People for Cat Ballou.\nHe was also nominated for the Golden Berlin Bear.In 1966, he was nominated for the DGA Award in the category for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures (Cat Ballou).\nIn 1971, he won the Bronze Wrangler award at the Western Heritage Awards in the category of Theatrical Motion Picture for A Man Called Horse, along with producer Sandy Howard, writer Jack DeWitt, and actors Judith Anderson, Jean Gascon, Corinna Tsopei and Richard Harris.In 1985, he won the Robert B. Aldrich Achievement Award from the Directors Guild of America.\nIn 1990, he was awarded the DGA Honorary Life Member Award.\n\nPersonal life\nSilverstein has been married three times, each ending in divorce. His first marriage was to Evelyn Ward in 1962; the couple divorced in 1968. His second marriage was to Alana King. During his first marriage, he was the step-father of David Cassidy.\nHe currently lives in North Hollywood, Los Angeles. Actively retired, Silverstein has taught film at USC and continues to work on screen plays and other projects.\n\nFilmography\nTales from the Crypt (TV Series) (1991\u201394)\nPicket Fences (TV Series) (1993)\nRich Men, Single Women (TV Movie) (1990)\nFight for Life (TV Movie) (1987)\nNight of Courage (TV Movie) (1987)\nBetrayed by Innocence (TV Movie) (1986)\nThe Firm (TV Series) (1982\u20131983)\nThe Car (1977)\nNightmare Honeymoon (1974)\nA Man Called Horse (1970)\nThe Happening (1967)\nCat Ballou (1965)\nKraft Suspense Theatre (TV Series) (1963\u201364)\nThe Defenders (TV Series) (1962\u201364)\nArrest and Trial (TV Series) (1964)\nThe Doctors and the Nurses (TV Series) (1962\u201364)\nTwilight Zone (TV Series) (1961\u201364)\nBreaking Point (TV Series) (1963)\nDr. Kildare (TV Series) (1961\u201363)\nThe Dick Powell Theatre (TV Series) (1962)\nBelle Sommers (TV Movie) (1962)\nNaked City (TV Series) (1961\u201362)\nHave Gun - Will Travel (TV Series) (1961)\nRoute 66 (TV Series) (1960\u201361)\nCheckmate (TV Series) (1961)\nThe Westerner (TV Series) (1960)\nAssignment: Underwater (TV Series) (1960)\nBlack Saddle (TV Series) (1960)\nSuspicion (TV Series) (1958)\nOmnibus (TV Series) (1954\u201356)\nPassage 4:\nJohn Caspar Wild\nJohn Caspar Wild (or J.C. Wild) (1804 \u2013 August 12, 1846) was a Swiss-American painter and lithographer. He created early city views and landscapes of Philadelphia, Cincinnati, St. Louis, and Davenport, Iowa.Wild specialized in hand-colored lithographs. These views, particularly the Valley of the Mississippi Illustrated, were some of the first depictions of the American West.\n\nEarly life\nWild was born in Richterswil in the Canton of Z\u00fcrich in Switzerland.\n\nCareer\nHe moved to Paris, France. In 1832, he moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He later moved to St. Louis, Missouri. In summer 1844, he moved a final time, to Davenport, Iowa, a small town in the upper Mississippi River Valley. \nWild fell gravely ill with tuberculosis in the summer of 1846, and he was taken in by Davenport millinery businessman George L. Webb. On his deathbed, Wild reflected upon his childhood and said that he yearned to die in homeland in Switzerland, but it was a wish that was to not be fulfilled. Wild died on August 12, 1846. Wild was laid to rest nearly on the banks of the river, which he had painted for years. Wild's grave site was unmarked for decades.\n\nNotable collections\nUniversity of Pennsylvania, 1842, from collection of the Library Company of PhiladelphiaPennsylvania Hospital, circa 1840, Library Company of Philadelphia\n\nFurther reading\nReps, John William, and J. C. Wild. 2006. John Caspar Wild: painter and printmaker of nineteenth-century urban America. St. Louis: Missouri Historical Society Press. ISBN 1-883982-55-3 Designed by Steve Hartman of  Creativille, Inc. [1]\nWild, J. C., and Lewis Foulk Thomas. 1948. The valley of the Mississippi: illustrated in a series of views, accompanied with historical descriptions. St. Louis, Mo: Joseph Garnier. (this is a reprint; original edition published 1841\u20132)\nPassage 5:\nG. Marthandan\nG. Marthandan is an Indian film director who works in Malayalam cinema. His debut film is Daivathinte Swantham Cleetus\n\nEarly life\nG. Marthandan was born to M. S. Gopalan Nair and P. Kamalamma at Changanassery in Kottayam district of Kerala. He did his schooling at NSS Boys School Changanassery and completed his bachelor's degree in Economics at NSS Hindu College, Changanassery.\n\nCareer\nAfter completing his bachelor's degree, Marthandan entered films as an associate director with the unreleased film Swarnachamaram directed by Rajeevnath in 1995. His next work was British Market, directed by Nissar in 1998. He worked as an associate director for 18 years.He made his directional debut with Daivathinte Swantham Cleetus in 2013, starring Mammooty in the lead role. His next movie was in 2015, Acha Dhin, with Mammooty and Mansi Sharma in the lead roles. Daivathinte Swantham Cleetus and Paavada were box office successes.\n\nFilmography\nAs director\nAs associate director\nAs actor\nTV serialKanyadanam (Malayalam TV series) - pilot episode\n\nAwards\nRamu Kariat Film Award - Paavada (2016)\nJCI Foundation Award - Daivathinte Swantham Cleetus (2013)\nPassage 6:\nAbhishek Saxena\nAbhishek Saxena is an Indian Bollywood and Punjabi film director who directed the movie Phullu. The Phullu movie was released in theaters on 16 June 2017, in which film Sharib Hashmi is the lead role. Apart from these, he has also directed Patiala Dreamz, this is a Punjabi film. This film was screened in cinemas in 2014.\n\nLife and background\nAbhishek Saxena was born on 19 September 1988 in the capital of India, Delhi, whose father's name is Mukesh Kumar Saxena. Abhishek Saxena married Ambica Sharma Saxena on 18 December 2014. His mother's name is Gurpreet Kaur Saxena.\nSaxena started his career with a Punjabi film Patiala Dreamz, after which he has also directed a Hindi film Phullu, which has appeared in Indian cinemas on 16 June 2017.\n\nCareer\nAbhishek Saxena made his film debut in 2011 as an assistant director on Doordarshan with Ashok Gaikwad. He made his first directed film Patiala Dreamz, this is a Punjabi movie.After this, he has also directed a Hindi film Phullu in 2017, which has been screened in cinemas on 16 June 2017. Saxena is now making his upcoming movie \"India Gate\".\nIn 2018 Abhishek Saxena has come up with topic of body-shaming in his upcoming movie Saroj ka Rishta.\n Where Sanah Kapoor will play the role of Saroj and actors Randeep Rai and Gaurav Pandey will play the two men in Saroj's life.Yeh Un Dinon ki Baat Hai lead Randeep Rai will make his Bollywood debut. Talking about the film, director Abhishek Saxena told Mumbai Mirror, \"As a fat person, I have noticed that body-shaming doesn\u2019t happen only with those who are on the heavier side, but also with thin people. The idea germinated from there.\"\nCareer as an Assistant DirectorApart from this, he has played the role of assistant director in many films and serials in the beginning of his career, in which he has a television serial in 2011, Doordarshan, as well as in 2011, he also assisted in a serial of Star Plus.\nIn addition to these serials, he played the role of assistant director in the movie \"Girgit\" which was made in Telugu language.\n\nFilmography\nAs Director\nPassage 7:\nDeuces Wild\nDeuces Wild is a 2002 American crime drama film directed by Scott Kalvert and written by Paul Kimatian and Christopher Gambale, who also created the story. The film stars Stephen Dorff, Brad Renfro, James Franco, Matt Dillon, and Fairuza Balk.\nMartin Scorsese was originally the executive producer (as a favor to Paul Kimatian), but he eventually removed his name from this film. It was the final film of cinematographer John A. Alonzo before his death in 2001.\n\nPlot\nLeon and Bobby Anthony are brothers and members of the Deuces, a Brooklyn street gang who protect their neighborhood of Sunset Park. Ever since the death of their youngest brother Alphonse \"Allie Boy\" from a drug overdose at the hands of Marco, the leader of the Vipers, a neighboring rival street gang, they fiercely keep drugs off their turf. This puts them in strong opposition to the Vipers, who want to continue to sell drugs in the neighborhood. On the eve of Marco's return from a three-year stint in prison, a gang war seems imminent, as the Deuces violently retaliate with suspicion against Vipers muscleman and bookie Philly, who ekes out a vacant nightclub to establish business down the block. Marco, along with hoping to re-establish his drug pushing enterprise, plans revenge against Leon, whom he believes ratted him out to the police for selling the killing \"hot shot\" to Alphonse.\nBobby falls for a new girl who moves in across the street, Annie, the uninvolved younger sister of Jimmy \"Pockets\", a Vipers member and heroin dealer, who takes care of their elderly dementia ailing mother. Their attraction for each other complicates the gang rivalry, especially with Leon, who mistakenly fears, feels Annie may be using Bobby. After jumping Deuces member Jackie in kind for the earlier attack, causing more gang fights in the neighborhood, Marco begins his activities again and allows the Vipers to rampage and terrorize residents across the block to establish his return for good. Later, Marco and the Vipers intimidate Bobby while on a date at the beach with Annie, before beating and raping Betsy (Leon's girlfriend) to push him over the edge.\nAfter Leon runs a car through the Viper's main hangout, neighborhood Mafioso Fritzy orders Leon and Marco to make amends; unopposed to Marco's drug dealing, knowing he can profit off of his racket and without appeal to Leon's cause to keep the neighborhood safe, Leon and Marco agree to a gang war, much to Fritzy's disappointment. Annie defends her mother from another one of Jimmy's outbursts with a kitchen knife and having enough of their troubled life in Brooklyn, wishes to run away with Bobby and her mother. As the Deuces and the Vipers meet at the docks for their confrontation, battle ensues. Marco is killed by Leon in a duel, being saved by tag-along kid Scooch, while Jimmy Pockets is shot and killed by Philly, who accuses him of stealing the gang's stash of money. Leon is shot and killed by one of Fritzy's men in retaliation for ignoring his orders.\nAt Leon's funeral, Bobby and the gang, along with his and Annie's mother, pay their last respects to Leon. In a small epilogue, Bobby explains that his mother will go to live with their uncle in Long Island, he and Annie are free to take her mother to Los Angeles to start anew, gives Scooch and Father Aldo of the nearby Catholic church part of the stolen stash of money to invest and that after the funeral, this would be the last time he would see the Deuces again, as gangs throughout Brooklyn would eventually disappear. Before leaving, Bobby drops a wheelbarrow full of cinder blocks on Fritzy's car, presumably killing him, to uphold Leon's word that \"there would be no more junk on the streets\".\n\nCast\nProduction\nThe film was shot in Los Angeles, California and New York City, New York during 2000. Originally the film would be released in September 2001, but due to the 9/11 attacks it was pushed back to 2002.\n\nReception\nThe film received negative reviews and currently holds a 3% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.\n\nBox office\nIn its opening weekend the film grossed $1,020,000 million in 1,480 theaters in the United States and Canada, debuting number 6 of box office. Deuces Wild grossed $6,080,065 domestically and $202,381 internationally for a worldwide total of $6,282,446.\n\nAccolades\nHome media\nThe film was released in DVD on August 6, 2002, and also in Blu-Ray on September 22, 2015.\nPassage 8:\nBen Palmer\nBen Palmer (born 1976) is a British film and television director.\nHis television credits include the Channel 4 sketch show Bo' Selecta! (2002\u20132006), the second and third series of the E4 sitcom The Inbetweeners (2009\u20132010) and the Sky Atlantic comedy-drama Breeders (2020). Palmer has also directed films such as the Inbetweeners spin-off, The Inbetweeners Movie (2011) and the romantic comedy Man Up (2015).\n\nBiography\nPalmer was born and raised in Penny Bridge, Barrow-in-Furness. He attended Chetwynde School.His first directing job was the Channel 4 sketch show Bo' Selecta!, which he co-developed with its main star, Leigh Francis. Palmer directed the second and third series of the E4 sitcom The Inbetweeners in 2009 and 2010, respectively.\n\nFilmography\nBo' Selecta! (2002\u201306)\nComedy Lab (2004\u20132010)\nBo! in the USA (2006)\nThe Inbetweeners (2009\u20132010)\nThe Inbetweeners Movie (2011)\nComedy Showcase (2012)\nMilton Jones's House of Rooms (2012)\nThem from That Thing (2012)\nBad Sugar (2012)\nChickens (2013)\nLondon Irish (2013)\nMan Up (2015)\nSunTrap (2015)\nBBC Comedy Feeds (2016)\nNigel Farage Gets His Life Back (2016)\nBack (2017)\nComedy Playhouse (2017)\nUrban Myths (2017\u201319)\nClick & Collect (2018)\nSemi-Detached (2019)\nBreeders (2020)\nPassage 9:\nCavalcade of the West\nCavalcade of the West is a 1936 American Western film directed by Harry L. Fraser.\n\nPlot\nWhen a family misses the rendezvous for a wagon train they venture on their own to join it. They are ambushed by three outlaws who murder the father, knock out the mother and steal one of the two boys for themselves.\nAs the years go by, the remaining brother, Clint, and his mother, are looked after by others in the community with Clint making a living breaking and selling horses while the kidnapped brother Asa becomes an outlaw known as Ace Carter, presumably under the tutelage of his kidnappers. When the Pony Express is created, both brothers, their relationship unknown to each other, attempt to join as riders. Clint is accepted for the most dangerous route whilst Ace is rejected. Ace revenges himself by robbing the mail from his brother, and by robbing a stagecoach. The robbery of which Clint is suspected. Clint tracks down Ace and discovers him to be his long-lost brother. And when townsmen arrive to \"string up\" Ace for the robbery, Clint faces a tough choice.\n\nCast\nHoot Gibson ... Clint Knox\nRex Lease  ... Ace Carter AKA Asa Knox\nMarion Shilling ... Mary Christman\nAdam Goodman ... Windy Harper\nNina Guilbert ... Mrs Martha Knox\nEarl Dwire  ... George Christman\nPhil Dunham ... Reporter\nRobert McKenzie ... Judge\nSteve Clark ... John Knox\nJerry Tucker ... Clint as a young boy\nBarry Downing ... Asa as a young boy\n\nExternal links\nCavalcade of the West at IMDb\nCavalcade of the West is available for free viewing and download at the Internet Archive\nPassage 10:\nHarry L. Fraser\nHarry L. Fraser (31 March 1889 \u2013 8 April 1974) was an American film director and screenplay writer.\n\nBiography\nBorn in 1889 in San Francisco, Fraser directed over 80 films between 1925 and 1951, including the 1934 John Wayne film Randy Rides Alone and the Frank Buck 1937 cliffhanger serial Jungle Menace.  He had a small acting role in the John Wayne film 'Neath the Arizona Skies. He also wrote screenplays.\nIn his autobiography, Fraser described filming a scene in Jungle Menace in which a boa constrictor attacks the heroine Dorothy (Charlotte Henry). The villain has tied Dorothy hand and foot and she thrashes about wildly, terrified when she suddenly sees the huge snake:\n\nThe snake was in no hurry. Slowly he slithered across the girl's body, while she screamed and struggled. He turned, looking for a spot to slip under her to make his first wrap. I motioned to the reptile crew to get ready, and a split-second later gave them the signal to move in. But now, the maddened snake fought them and did its best to coil around one of the men. Before that happened, however, I had cut, and we had a good cliff-hanger with our terror-stricken heroine to close the episode.\n\nFraser, like fellow silent-film directors William Beaudine, Christy Cabanne, Elmer Clifton, and Lambert Hillyer, was a resourceful director who could be relied upon to deliver a professional-quality feature film on ever-decreasing budgets. Fraser was exceptionally adept in this regard, as both a director and scriptwriter. He became the favorite director of the Weiss Brothers, who usually worked with tight schedules and rock-bottom budgets, and padded out their features with reels of footage taken from Weiss's older films. Fraser would be assigned to work the old films into new storylines.\nFraser's efficiency was noted by the serial unit at Columbia Pictures, where he worked as a second-unit director and scriptwriter for The Spider Returns (1941), Batman (1943), and Chick Carter, Detective (1946), among other cliffhangers.\nFraser died in 1974 in Pomona, California, eight days past his 85th birthday.\n\nPartial filmography\nThe Iron Claw (1916)\nThe Mystery of the Double Cross (1917)\nBurn 'Em Up Barnes (1921)\nSky's the Limit (1925)\nWest of Mojave (1925)\nSoft Cushions (1927)\nCactus Trails (1927)\nThe Lone Defender (1930)\nWings of Adventure (1930)\nThe Montana Kid (1931)\nLand of Wanted Men (1931)\nThe Savage Girl (1932)\nThe Man from Arizona (1932)\nWithout Honor (1932)\nBorder Devils (1932)\nGhost City (1932)\nMason of the Mounted (1932)\nLaw of the North (1932)\nVanishing Men (1932)\nHonor of the Mounted (1932)\nThe Night Rider (1932)\nBroadway to Cheyenne (1932)\nBreed of the Border (1933)\nThe Fugitive (1933)\nThe Wolf Dog (1933)\nDiamond Trail (1933)\nThe Fighting Parson (1933)\nThe Return of Casey Jones (1933)\nThe Gallant Fool (1933)\nGalloping Romeo (1933)\nRandy Rides Alone (1934)\nFighting Through (1934)\n'Neath the Arizona Skies (1934)\nSocial Error (1935)\nThe Tonto Kid (1935)\nWagon Trail (1935)\nFive Bad Men (1935)\nRustler's Paradise (1935)\nGhost Town  (1936)\nHair-Trigger Casey (1936)\nAces Wild (1936)\nHeroes of the Alamo (1937)\nJungle Menace (1937)\nSpirit of Youth (1938)\nSongs and Saddles (1938)\nLure of the Wasteland (1939)\nThe Spider Returns (1941)\nThe Old Chisholm Trail (1942)\nThe Valley of Vanishing Men (1942)\nTenting Tonight on the Old Camp Ground (1943)\nBatman (1943 serial)\nCaptain America (1944 serial)\nBrand of the Devil (1944)\nGunsmoke Mesa (1944)\nI Accuse My Parents (1944)\nThe Whispering Skull (1944)\nEnemy of the Law (1945)\nThe White Gorilla (1945)\nFlaming Bullets (1945)\nNavajo Kid (1945)\nSix Gun Man (1946)\nChick Carter, Detective (1946)\nSon of the Guardsman (1946)\nTex Granger (1948)\nChained for Life (1951)\n Dead or Alive (1951)\nAbilene Trail (1951)", "answers": ["Cavalcade Of The West"], "length": 4759, "dataset": "2wikimqa_e", "language": "en", "all_classes": null, "_id": "569f8b123108053ea946f9efffbe0406abcfd288b5b13bf2"}/n
“input”: This is the question to be answered.
“context”: This is the information needed to answer the question.
“answer”: This is the correct answer(ground truth) to the question.

Task Instructions:
(1) Generate a full and concise reasoning path from the "input" question to the ground truth "answer", using sentences from the "context" to support each step.
(2) For each step in the reasoning path, include one unaltered sentence from the “context” to demonstrate how the information leads to the answer.
(3) Structure the response as a JSON object. Each reasoning step should correspond to one original sentence from the “context”.

Use JSON format with 'step' and 'sentence' for your output.
{
  "reasoning": [
    {
      "step": 1,
      "sentence": "<insert first sentence used from context>"
    },
    {
      "step": 2,
      "sentence": "<insert second sentence used from context>"
    },
    ...
  ]
}
Ensure each “sentence” is copied exactly as in the context without any modifications.