THE FAMILY CONCEPT COGNITIVE MATRIX MODELLING BASED ON ENGLISH AND CHINESE MEDIA

Yulia A. Filyasova, Hairun Long
Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia (Saint-Petersburg, Russia)
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Abstract: The article considers the FAMILY concept representation in English and Chinese newspapers. The material for the research was collected from ten information sources and included 200 news articles, which were obtained through continuous sampling by the keyword FAMILY / 家庭, analyzed in terms of the issues, and classified into categories on reliance of their thematic affiliation. In each article, the most relevant content elements were identified – words and phrases – carriers of key semantic nodes which served as a basis for cognitive matrix modelling. The findings show cognitive asymmetry in the concept representation in the English and Chinese media. The English concept is focused on the basic semantic components which constitute the cognitive core of the FAMILY concept – family members and their relations. The concept representation also includes extended areas such as family activities, children, finance, job as income source, family pets, and violations of the law. The Chinese media underline the participation of the government in teaching the young generation the rules of family behavior, developing the family of a new generation, which completely complies with the ethical norms, traditional cultural and moral values of the country. The central component of the FAMILY concept is the multifaceted governmental support and a wide social attention to family needs and moral education. Family is viewed in a wide context of societal relations. The revealed asymmetry is explained by the cultural, economic, social and political differences. Within the framework of capital-oriented social relations, family is considered as a self-reliant unit of society, capable of independent self-sufficiency without close attention from the government.
Keywords: cognitive study, categorization, conceptual area, cognitive context, multidimensionality of representation, cognitive matrix analysis, family.

1. INTRODUCTION 

Concept is seen in cognitive linguistics as a mental framework for the systematization of knowledge units which, combined together, form a linguistic worldview as a result of cognitive human activity. The conceptual scope extends beyond dictionary definitions and individual interpretations. More complex cognitive structures are frames, scenarios, matrices, conceptual systems and worldviews [Boldyrev, 2020]. Concept is based on a certain system of images, abstractions, notions, stereotypes, values, beliefs, and is generally considered as a phenomenological unit. According to R. Langacker and L. Talmy, conceptualization is a long historical process of perception and mental reflection on past events and forecasting the future [Filyasova, 2024]. The cognitive approach allows linguists to investigate various emerging contexts and develop a dynamic picture of the surrounding world and its reflection in people’s mind en masse [Kochetova, 2006], for example, the representation of the binary opposition HERO – ANTIHERO as cognitive matrices with the indication of isomorphic and allomorphic features [Samofalova, 2019]. 
Cognitive linguistics has a considerable explanatory force for understanding language functioning mechanisms [Kibrik, 2019], being incorporated into the psychological organization of the human mind, on the one hand, and the generalized public mind, on the other hand. Language as a major means of public organization and management contains a certain degree of ideological capacity and political influence through mass media and various communication channels [Riemer, 2019]. Language possesses multiple techniques which produce the persuasive effect in mass media sources and contribute to developing concepts that provoke particular cognitive and emotional reactions in audiences [Khramchenko, 2023].
The conceptual analysis is closely related to the process of conceptualization itself and is aimed at uncovering an individual or mass conceptual system; in either case the methods involve language analysis. Conceptualization presupposes the identification of discrete frames of reality representing certain cultural values and beliefs. Concept as a mental construct includes semantic and thematic fields, thus creating conceptual matrices and even larger mental structures, and requires extensive semantic investigation of multiple contextual representations and developing generalized abstractions.

2. MATERIAL AND METHODS

The aim of this article is to study the similarities and differences in the conceptual representation of FAMILY in the Chinese and English media. Being one of the fundamental social units, the concept FAMILY was analyzed in the media environment as a phenomenon deeply integrated in the public mind, as a result of a generalized abstraction from specific contexts. For the research purposes, the following Chinese media sources were searched: Xinhua News Agency (est. in 1931), People’s Daily (est. in 1948), The Beijing News (est. in 2003), Guangming Daily (est. in 1949), and China Daily (est. in 1981); whereas the English media sources were as follows: The Mirror (est. in 1903), The Independent (est. in 1986), The Guardian (est. in 1821), iWeekend (est. in 2017), and Daily Mail (est. in 1896). These newspapers are reliable information sources with the status of official national publications, yet demonstrating a certain degree of variety for mapping a concept of family in a veracious and trustworthy manner and avoiding potential specifics of only one source . 
Media newspaper articles in the Chinese and English languages served as the material for the research. The total number of media articles under analysis, selected by the continuous sampling method, was two hundred (a hundred articles in the Chinese language, and the same quantity in the English language), over the time period of 2022-2024. The material was collected by the keyword ‘family’ / ‘家庭’. The main criterion for the article search was the presence of the word FAMILY in the titles of the articles, which meant that they were definitely devoted to the topic “Family” because stylistically, such texts follow the inverted-pyramid structure, which means that the main information is presented first, at the beginning of the article. Further methods included key semantic nodes identification, their thematic categorization, keyword and word combination identification and cognitive matrix development.
Specifically, the Chinese and English texts were considered as two corpora based on one common feature: both of them were devoted to the topic FAMILY and belonged to the same journalistic text genre aimed to inform readers about events happening locally and globally. All of the articles in each corpus were analyzed, counted by topic, and then classified into thematic categories depending on the main topical issue addressed by the journalists. The percentage of the articles in Fig. 1 and 2 shows the quantity of the articles dedicated to each topic. Furthermore, each article was examined to identify information-intensive keywords and key word combinations that carried semantically the most relevant data and revealed the contents of the article. On average, about seven keywords and word combinations (2-9 words long) were identified in each article. The cognitive matrices were created on the basis of those keywords and word combinations. Ultimately, Tb. 1 and 2 contain the most typical lexical representatives of the semantic contents of the articles.
The theoretical value of the cognitive matrix modelling in two languages lies in the fact that we can compare not only the topics covered in media newspaper articles from two different cultures, but also receive the understanding of similar and/or related issues, contrast approaches to finding solutions, and eventually, juxtapose different worldviews. This research seems to be relevant with the view of the current trends towards revisiting and revising the concept FAMILY under the influence of the changing social and technological conditions which induce academics to search for optimal models of social organization and structure. The comparison and juxtaposition of the same concept FAMILY from historically and culturally different countries – Great Britain and China – might shed light on some conceptual aspects and provide insight into the national linguistic worldviews.  

3. THE FAMILY CONCEPT OVERVIEW

The FAMILY concept is the fundamental unit of society deeply integrated into the social structure. Its core information content includes methods of formation – consanguinity, adoption or affinity, roles like spouses, children, parents, and siblings. Its interpretation field embraces a household, social functions and responsibilities. The conceptual sensory image is described as emotional and psychological security, love and companionship. The social content is formed through behavioral rules, code of conduct, moral values, social regulation, subordination and self-regulation as a necessary stipulation of successful social integration and adaptation. Family is also supposed to provide help for sick and disabled family members. FAMILY as a social concept represents its prototypical meaning since family balances social and individual interests. Eventually, family is viewed as a driving force for social development [Elsayed, 2024].
Linguistic research into the FAMILY concept in the Chinese language reveals such interpretations as harmony, house, wealth, health, job, including the following oppositions: senior vs. junior, masculine vs. feminine [Wu, 2009]. A more recent tautological experiment shows some dynamics in the modern concept: mental and physical comfort, spiritual relationships among relatives, happiness, love, passion, security, support, humanism, and responsibility [Zhao, 2022]. According to the analysis of Chinese proverbs, idioms and sayings, the concept prioritizes family relations, marital harmony, procreation, brotherly friendship, harmonious family relations [Sun, Chzhan, 2023]. 
Labour is represented as a basic family value in English fairy tales [Nurieva, Nikolaeva, 2020]. The interpretation field of the concept in the media discourse on the radio involves furniture, gifts, toys, holidays, entertainment, leisure, sport, automobile [Sudina, 2021]. In the English political discourse, the FAMILY concept is exploited in English public speeches in which a country is compared to a family, a leading figure – to father, and citizens – to children [Jioeva, Strelnikova, 2016]. American news headlines include such signs of the concept as need for help and support, home, health, parenthood, violence, unity, pets, consumption [Borisenko, 2021]. Corpus analysis of the concept in the Chinese and English language revealed a number of differences: while the Chinese concept is more collectivist underlining the importance of celebrations and unity, the English concept is more individualistic and incorporates business and religious aspects of social life [Bingbing, Kamensky, 2023].
Research into public support that is provided to families in European countries shows that essential social aspects that FAMILY needs are as follows: education, child protection and welfare, community development, physical and mental health, work, help for the disabled and addicted [Jiménez et al., 2024]. Family is especially significant for children and adolescents who are in the active process of self-concept development [Yu et al., 2024].

4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The findings help reveal a number of common features as well as a few discrepancies. The differences presumably lie in the approach to the media rhetoric which varies from country to country. Arguably, the convergence of journalistic communication and cultural framework result in a distinct mode of information delivery, accentuating more attention to some topics while ignoring others. The FAMILY concept in the English media revolves around the conceptual area of family members, their relationships and family activities (Fig. 1). The traditional model of a nuclear family in the British culture is changing as fewer people tend to get married and there are more single-parent households. Economic pressure and the need to live on a stringent budget seem to be serious causes making people avoid family responsibilities and devote their complete time and energy to pursue their careers and earn enough income in order to cover their bills and provide their children with promising future. The material constituents of the concept include such areas as household, family finance and job which, taken together, make up 20% of the entire matrix. A specific area in the English media is devoted to violations of the law (10%) which brings negative connotations to the matrix. Social communications account for 6% of the collected articles. Basically, the FAMILY concept is represented in a self-sufficient manner which underlines the importance of the family as a social unit. Let us consider the conceptual areas in more detail (Tb. 1).
 
Fig. 1. The cognitive matrix of the English FAMILY concept.

A closer analysis of the relations inside the family shows rather an unsupportive and, in certain cases, unhealthy environment, which can be proven by cognitive features which clearly carry negative evaluative properties: bitter feud, anger, outrage, complicated relationships, difficult conversations, intrigues, menaces, infidelity, among others. For example: Father sparks outrage for wanting to sell daughter’s car to pay for other child’s college tuition. / Bride fuming after receiving family friend's 'disrespectful' RSVP for her wedding. The adverse intrafamilial attitudes are corroborated by some facts of outright blatant violence and violations of the law. The interpretational components of the conceptual area include such examples as fatal shooting, sword attack, murder, victim, death lawsuit, and death penalty.

Table 1. The English FAMILY concept matrix components.

Family members	Family relations	Jobs
•	in-laws;
•	brother;
•	close relatives;
•	grandmother;
•	stepfather;
•	siblings;
•	foster carers.	•	bitter feud;
•	anger;
•	reconciliation;
•	complicated relationship; 
•	outrage;
•	difficult conversations;
•	intrigues.	•	oil worker;
•	bank worker;
•	extensive work;
•	aid workers;
•	part-time work;
•	family business; 
•	business dynasty.
Family finance	Household	Violation of the law
•	financial responsibility; 
•	life savings;
•	family’s budget;
•	fundraising;
•	financial advice;
•	mortgage;
•	financial plight.	•	rare books;
•	pet octopus;
•	most prized assets;
•	private family cemetery;
•	house renovation;
•	family garden;
•	old furniture.	•	victim;
•	murder;
•	death penalty;
•	death lawsuit;
•	fatal shooting;
•	insufferable smuggery;
•	sword attack.
Children	Social communications	Family activities
•	starving kids;
•	children’s resentment;
•	unique name for daughter;
•	child development;
•	adult children;
•	imaginary pets and books;
•	subsidised childcare.	•	human rights investigation;
•	charity donations;
•	a national day of mourning;
•	the care system;
•	socially accepted behavior; 
•	family friends;
•	family driving rules.	•	family day out;
•	family package holidays;
•	meticulously planned games;
•	family ferry trip;
•	gift giving;
•	endless home improvements;
•	cooking delicious homemade dishes.

In today's uncertain economic climate, more and more families are feeling the pressure of financial responsibility. For many, their life savings are no longer enough to cover unexpected expenses or even day-to-day living costs. This has put a significant strain on the family's budget, causing stress and anxiety for many households. In order to alleviate some of the financial burden, families have turned to fundraising as a way to supplement their income. One of the biggest financial hurdles for many families is the mortgage. With the interest rates on the rise and housing costs continuing to climb, some families find themselves in a precarious financial plight. It is essential to carefully consider all options when it comes to housing, and to seek out expert advice on how to manage mortgage payments effectively. Overall, financial responsibility is an ongoing challenge for many families, but with the right support and guidance, it is possible to weather the storm and come out on top. By taking proactive measures and seeking out financial advice, families can work towards a more secure financial future. For instance: ‘I spend 8% of our family’s money on our dog – the second highest bill after our mortgage’. I spent my life savings on an extravagant Christmas holiday to avoid family.
Children present a serious matter of concern for families, especially in the regions of unrest such as Gaza: Brit killed trying to feed starving kids in Gaza 'forever a hero' say heartbroken family. In a heart-breaking turn of events, a recent study has brought attention to the growing number of starving kids in the territory. Many children are going hungry due to a lack of access to nutritious food. This issue is not only a matter of physical health, but also has significant implications for child development. 
In a more positive light, one British family made headlines for giving their daughter a unique name that symbolizes strength and resilience: 'My family hates my daughter's name - they say it isolates my baby from them'. The parents hope that this name will inspire their child to overcome any challenges she may face in life. 
Another important issue highlighted in the conceptual area is the lack of subsidised childcare, which can make it difficult for parents to provide for their children. Many families are struggling to make ends meet, leading to increased stress and financial strain: Why family-friendly policies don’t boost birth rates.
Many families opt for family package holidays, where they could enjoy a variety of activities and entertainment. For those who prefer to stay closer to home, some families choose to have a meticulously planned day filled with games and activities right in their own backyard. Others embark on a family ferry trip, exploring new sights and enjoying the open sea air together: How I packed for my family’s 10-day holiday using only hand luggage by following 10 simple hacks.
Gift giving is also a common theme among families, with parents and children alike showing appreciation for one another through thoughtful presents: Enough! I’m no longer buying unwanted Christmas gifts for my extended family members. Some families use their weekends to tackle endless home improvements, working together to create a more comfortable and welcoming living space for everyone. And of course, no family day out would be complete without cooking delicious homemade dishes. Many families spend their weekend trying out new recipes and enjoying the fruits of their labor together around the dinner table. Overall, it is a weekend filled with love, laughter, and quality time spent with family – a true reminder of the importance of cherishing these moments together.
In general, the cognitive matrix of the English FAMILY concept reflects the classical family model and its semantic components – family members, their problems and activities. Children are separated into an independent category based on a significant number of articles devoted to offspring. Family finance and violation of the law seem to be two major areas of family concern. The former is an indispensable constituent of the family budget; the latter – the adverse consequence of interfamilial relations, destructive social behavior or military conflicts.
In the Chinese culture, according to Confucian tenets, the family institution is supposed to provide a sense of identity and substantial support. Currently, family is viewed as a key idea of social peace, civility, and national strength . Social cohesion is achieved through active government involvement and preserving traditions related to many aspects of social life. The conceptual areas of FAMILY serve as semantic background for the main postulates and unfold in compliance with the current understanding of the concept in China. As can be seen in Fig. 2, government support plays a pivotal role for the FAMILY concept solidification in the Chinese media and, conceivably, represents the foundation stone of the society.

 
Fig. 2. The cognitive matrix of the Chinese FAMILY concept.

The next two conceptual areas, devoted to family education and values per se, serve as the extension to the governmental policy of support and guidance, aimed at fostering the idea of the modern family based on harmonious relations among family members, providing economic and emotional support for their children. The organization of family education centers contributes considerably to the promotion of family values at the national level, which disseminate useful practices of family peace and prosperity. The material aspects are represented by only 13% among the articles and include the topics of running households, family farms, and introducing cutting-edge home appliances. The media articles examining external family communications make up just 8%. The obtained matrix indicates the importance of a certain type of cognition that places the emphasis on the internal family atmosphere, educational component, foundations and principles, most crucial for developing healthy family-oriented relations among young people, whereas the material side and external relations take only fifth place. Therefore, the FAMILY concept in the Chinse media is evolving from traditional cultural norms, social values and positive emotional disposition. Let us consider the areas in Tb. 2 in more detail.

Table 2. The Chinese FAMILY concept matrix components.

Government support	Traditions and festivals	Family values
•	welfare training;
•	people's livelihood protection; 
•	support the purchase of houses;
•	emergency response mechanism;
•	allocation of medical resources;
•	safeguard of the legitimate rights and interests of minors; 
•	social and economic assistance for families.	•	festivals of ethnic minorities;
•	First Strawberry Family Competition;
•	martial arts;
•	kung fu;
•	Chinese New Year family films;
•	Science and Technology Gala Festival;
•	Exquisite Pillow Making Competition.	•	hard work, diligence and thrift;
•	moral code and happiness;
•	love, respect, and integrity;
•	warmth, communication and support;
•	growth and development;
•	stability and wealth;
•	harmony and integrity.
Family problems	Family members	Household
•	fire safety;
•	aging population;
•	domestic violence;
•	family disputes;
•	anxiety;
•	deviant behavior;
•	the change of customs.	•	children;
•	parents;
•	the disabled;
•	relatives;
•	abducted children;
•	autistic teenagers;
•	separated siblings.	•	hygiene;
•	free sports equipment;
•	cleaning supplies;
•	family farms;
•	collective ownership;
•	tobacco planting;
•	safe household equipment.
Social communications	Family education	Home appliances
•	public family activities;
•	organization of civilized practical activities;
•	large-scale planting;
•	community labor;
•	volunteer service;
•	Women's Development Foundation;
•	discipline inspection.	•	moral education;
•	the family guidance service system;
•	health skills teaching;
•	family health promotion;
•	online parent school course resources;
•	family education salons;
•	family construction projects.	•	home entertainment technology;
•	AI robots;
•	smart homes;
•	cleaning robots;
•	lawn mowers;
•	swimming pool machines;
•	general-purpose humanoid robot for home.

The Chinese government implements national and regional programs to ensure the wellbeing of the residents and protect people’s livelihoods, such as welfare training and emergency response mechanisms such as the timely allocation of medical resources. Furthermore, social and economic assistance for families in need is readily available. Thanks to these initiatives, these programs are known for their care and support for the residents while their well-being is a top priority. For example: 习近平总书记强调：“不论时代发生多大变化，不论生活格局发生多大变化，我们都要重视家庭建设，注重家庭、注重家教、注重家风”。[General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "We must adhere to the core socialist values as our guide and establish a new era of family values."]
Family problems include both acute and less noticeable issues which cannot be easily identified. For example in arid regions, the risk of spreading wildfire is quite high, and local citizens may face issues with fire safety. Reports of domestic violence and family disputes occur occasionally, leaving some members of the community feeling anxious and unsafe. Some blamed the change of customs and values for this deviant behavior, while others believed it is a new issue resulting from foreign, such as Japanese, media that need to be addressed. For example: 节目开始，张玉梅介绍了我国反家庭暴力法出台的背景，对家庭暴力的内涵和类型作了解释，并指出家庭暴力并不局限于夫妻、子女等家庭成员之间，还包括其他共同生活的人，如共同生活的恋人、儿媳、女婿、公婆、岳父母以及其他有监护、扶养、寄养等关系的人。[At the beginning of the program, Zhang Yumei introduced the background of the introduction of my country's anti-domestic violence law, explained the connotation and types of domestic violence, and pointed out that domestic violence is not limited to couples, children and other family members, but also includes other people living together. , such as lovers, daughters-in-law, sons-in-law, parents-in-law, parents-in-law and other people who have custody, support, foster care, etc. who live together.]
The Chinese government develops programs that focus on moral education and the development of health skills within families. These initiatives are known as the family guidance service system, and its mission is to provide parents with the tools and resources they need to raise happy and healthy children. Through a combination of online parent school course resources, family education salons, and family construction projects, they hoped to empower families to build stronger and more connected relationships. For example: 1月18日，一场以“做智慧家长，伴孩子成长”为主题的家庭文化研讨沙龙活动在甘肃省平凉市静宁县文化馆举行。[On January 18, a family culture seminar salon event on the topic "Being a Smart Parent and Accompanying Your Children's Growth" was held at the Jingning County Cultural Center in Pingliang City, Gansu Province.]
As for the household, there are projects aimed at collective ownership development in rural lands, contract relations stabilization, abandoned land reclamation, and transforming scattered development into large-scale operations. One of priorities is the deployment of advanced technologies for agricultural mechanization for small and medium-sized farmers. Artificial intelligence is actively introduced into the agricultural sector and considerably reduces the burden of farmers. 
Overall, the conceptual areas related to the FAMILY concept are united by the main idea of organizing educational courses, discipline maintenance, family values promotion, addressing family problems such as care for the disabled and senior members, providing medical assistance, prevention of deviant behavior, family disputes and violence.
The obtained results demonstrate a wider conceptual matrix scope in comparison with H. Bingbing and M.V. Kamensky’s semiotic field of core collocations in the minimal context of the family-related vocabulary [Bingbing. Kamensky, 2023]. The difference can be explained by wider contexts where FAMILY occurs in the media environment and the range of problems discussed by journalists in related to the family. Similarly, Wu Xinyu considers family relations in the narrow context of an extended family, which undoubtedly, provides useful insight into lexical representation and cultural specifics in the Chinese and Russian families. Nevertheless, her research is conducted in a specific area and does not deal with any broader social relations [Wu, 2009]. According to Zhao Yuanze, family in the Chinese culture is a more emotional and personal phenomenon than being public or social, compared to some European countries [Zhao, 2022]. Our results which revealed that the concept FAMILY in the Chinese press is strongly intertwined with the Chinese government protection can be attributed to the Chinese cultural specifics which directly indicate family as a highly-valued and appreciated unit. It was found that in the printed media, FAMILY is integrated into a larger-scale context and, therefore, is associated with multiple topics and issues, discussed by correspondents, and could fall within those themes which at a first glance seem to be indirectly associated with family, such as household or home appliances.  

5. CONCLUSION

The FAMILY concept has both similar and different semantic components in the English and Chinese media; however, it is largely characterized by the conceptual asymmetry explained by different cultural norms, social values, and political rhetoric. The axial area of the Chinese concept is government support, which is expressed through dissemination and promotion of family values via family education courses, especially for families of young age; material and administrative support for household organization and management; active implementation of robotized equipment and artificial intelligence technologies known for their labor saving and cost cutting advantages. Meanwhile, the English concept appears to be much closer to the generally accepted understanding of family, being focused on family members, relations and activities. 
In the category ‘family members’ both English and Chinese conceptual areas include those who need primary care and whose livelihood completely depends on others: orphaned babies, autistic children, separated families, abducted children, disaster-stricken families, among others. The media attention is directed to such family members to an almost equal degree. The difference between the cultures lies in the fact that the British media pay a considerable amount of regard for the Royal Family, whereas the Chinese journalists hardly ever mention the government in terms of their private families. For example: Royal Family snub Prince Harry and Meghan Markle’s son Archie on his 5th birthday. King Charles was 'supportive' of Meghan Markle as he tried to welcome her into the Royal Family. King Charles 'sends clear message to Harry and Meghan' as reconciliation thrown into doubt.
The other nominatively coinciding conceptual area is household. As for the content, there are both similar and different themes for public coverage. The former include house furniture, household items, caring for relatives and their health. The latter are caused by the differences in social environment and social priorities. For Chinese families, the importance of household hygiene, farm work, consumption improvement – are accentuated. The Chinese government takes action to improve financial well-being of their citizens. For English families, taking care of pet animals, books, family cemeteries, parents’ houses, boats and other movable and immovable property – is of more significant value.
The government support, obviously being the central conceptual core in the Chinese FAMILY concept, acts as “a social safety net” that protects citizens from social and financial risks, in contrast with the British community in which people have to struggle with financial problems at the level of each single family, hence, the conceptual field “family finance” and “job”, as a primary income source, become peripheral conceptual areas which still belong to the English FAMILY concept. Secondly, the Chinese government involvement in the form of active family values dissemination and tight social control result in a safer environment, in comparison with the British cognitive matrix that includes the field “violation of the law” related to open family issues and conflicts.
As for the external family relations, or social communications, certain differences in the two cultures can be traced in the content representation. While the English conceptual area is filled with the discussion of social rules, e.g. traffic rules, etiquette, charity events, friendship, and human rights, the Chinese area involves public voluntary activities, discipline monitoring, organizing family festivals, competitions, and sports events for families. 
Overall, the results of the research demonstrate obvious discrepancies in the FAMILY concept representation in the English and Chinese media landscape. The conceptual asymmetry can be explained not only by different social and cultural environments, but also by opposing axiological principles in the journalistic rhetoric and media practice. To be more specific, what is considered acceptable for the public mind in one media space might be totally rejected in the other media field. Eventually, news presentation depends on the general cultural norms, social values, journalist standards, and national goals.

Conflict of Interest 
The authors state that there is no conflict of interest.

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14.	Sudina, L.V. (2021). Specifika funkcionirovanija koncepta sem'ja v reklamnom diskurse na radio [The Concept of Family in Advertising Discourse: Linguistic and Pragmatic Aspects]. Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta], 23(2), 551–559. (In Russian). DOI: 10.21603/2078-8975-2021-23-2-551-559
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16.	Wu, Xinyu. (2009). Lingvokul'turologicheskaja specifika koncepta «SEM''Ja» v russkoj i kitajskoj kul'turah [Linguocultural specificity of the concept „FAMILY“ in Russian and Chinese cultures]. Izvestija Rossijskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta imeni A.I. Gercena. [Izvestia: Herzen University Journal of Humanities & Sciences], 105, 110–115. (In Russian). 
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About the authors:
Yulia Anatolyevna Filyasova – Cand. Sci. (Philology), Associate Professor, the English Language Department for Professional Communication, the Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Russia. ORCID: 0000-0002-9728-9458.
Hairun Long – Bachelor degree student, the Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Russia.

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МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ КОГНИТИВНОЙ МАТРИЦЫ КОНЦЕПТА СЕМЬЯ НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ АНГЛИЙСКИХ И КИТАЙСКИХ СМИ

Ю.А. Филясова, Х. Лун
Российский государственный педагогический университет им. А.И. Герцена
(г. Санкт-Петербург, Россия)
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Аннотация: В статье рассматривается репрезентация концепта СЕМЬЯ в английских и китайских средствах массовой информации (СМИ). Материалом исследования послужили 200 новостных статей из десяти информационных источников, которые были отобраны методом сплошной выборки по ключевому слову FAMILY / 家庭, проанализированы с точки зрения рассматриваемых вопросов и классифицированы на категории по тематической принадлежности. Обязательным условием отбора было наличие ключевого слова в заголовках статей. В каждой статье были выделены наиболее значимые участки речи – слова и выражения – носители ключевых семантических узлов, из которых были составлены когнитивные матрицы. В результате была выявлена когнитивная асимметрия в репрезентации данного концепта между английскими и китайскими СМИ, которую можно объяснить различиями в мировоззрении, культурных и социальных ценностях, политической риторике, а также аксиологическими принципами подачи материала с точки зрения журналистской практики в медиапространстве. Английский концепт фокусирует внимание на базовых семантических компонентах, составляющих когнитивное ядро концепта СЕМЬЯ: членах семьи и отношениях между ними. Репрезентация концепта включает дополнительные области, такие как семейные мероприятия, дети, финансы, работа как источник дохода, домашние питомцы и случаи нарушения закона. Китайские СМИ подчеркивают участие правительства в обучении молодого поколения правилам внутрисемейного поведения и формировании семьи нового поколения, максимально соответствующей этическим нормам, традиционным культурным и моральным ценностям. Центральным компонентом концепта СЕМЬЯ выступает многоаспектная правительственная поддержка и широкое общественное внимание к потребностям семьи и нравственному воспитанию молодежи. В китайских СМИ семья рассматривается в широком контексте общественных отношений, в то время как в английских СМИ – в более узком контексте внутрисемейных отношений. Обнаруженная асимметрия объясняется культурными, экономическими и социально-политическими различиями. В рамках капитало-ориентированных социальных отношений английский концепт СЕМЬЯ рассматривается как самостоятельная единица общества, способная к независимому самообеспечению без пристального внимания со стороны правительства.
Ключевые слова: когнитивное исследование, категоризация, концептуальная область, многоаспектность репрезентации, когнитивно-матричный анализ, семья.