Fill in blank. Or indicate if statement is True (T) or False (F). Or select the correct word. Email answers (but not the
questions) to <PRESIDIO_ANONYMIZED_EMAIL_ADDRESS>
1. Hazelnut trees bloom in (March, April, May, or June).
2. Hazelnut trees are Monoecious which means that each tree has only one type of
flower. Some trees have only female flowers and other trees have only male flowers
but never male and female flowers on the same tree. (True or False)
3. When hazelnut trees are inoculated for Eastern Filbert Blight disease, it can take up to
15 months for symptoms to be exhibited. (True or False)
4. To get good pollination hazelnut orchards need to include at least two different
varieties and they must be known to be compatible to produce nuts. (True or False)
5. Which of the states in the USA produces the most hazelnuts? (New Jersey, Ohio,
Illinois, Washington, California, or Oregon)
6. The vegetable crop that is most often associated with food borne illness or outbreaks
is (Leafy Greens, Melons, Tomato, or Onion).
7. A food safety outbreak is defined as when (one, two, three, five, or ten) people
become sick from a certain farm food.
8. When pathogens that can make people sick get on produce, it is easy to just wash
them off. (True or False)
9. When organic compost standards are carefully followed, pathogens that could make
people sick tend to decease in numbers overtime. (True or False)
10. With the new disease resistant varieties of hazelnut developed at Rutgers NJAES, it is
now possible to grow organic hazelnuts in New Jersey. (True or False)
11. The ancient wild progenitor of corn is known as (Teosinte, Aleurone, Glycine, or
Triticale).
12. Once black layer forms at the tip of the corn kernel, the crop has reached maturity,
and it is ready to be made into silage. (True or False)
13. The four environmental requirements/conditions essential for pathogenic bacteria to
multiply include Temperature, Moisture, Food Source, and Sunlight. (True or False)
14. Which bacterial pathogen can continue to grow at refrigeration temperature. (E. coli,
Shigella, or Listeria monocytogenes)
15. It is acceptable to use pathogen contaminated water to make up a crop spray solution
since you can be assured that the addition of the pesticide to water will kill the
pathogens. (True or False)
16. Any unclean surface that contacts produce can harbor pathogens and serve as a
source of contamination. (True or False)
17. For food safety reasons, tigernuts should harvested fresh by hand from tigernut trees
in October before they fall onto the ground. (True or False)
18. An advantage of perennial crops over annuals is that perennials have a much longer
period of leaf canopy that is capable of season long photosynthesis. (True or False)
19. The article Saga of Soggy Sauerkraut published in HortScience reports that when
organic producers use manures from conventional farms it may contain residues of
glyphosate. (True or False)
20. Glyphosate is a potent mineral chelator and antibiotic that may interfere with normal
uptake and function of minerals essential to plant nutrition. (True or False)
21. Potassium deficiency on cabbage is exhibited most prominently as (A. Necrosis of the
central midvein of the cabbage leaf or B. Necrosis at the outer edge of the cabbage
leaf, or C. Cabbage leaves turning bright Red, D. Cabbage leaves turn Blue)
22. The sampling depth for use of the presidedress soil nitrate test (PSNT) with cabbage
involves taking soil sample cores from (0 to 6, 0 to 8, 0 to 12, or 0 to 18) depth.
23. The Law of the Minimum as it applies to crop production means that the level of plant
production can be no greater than that allowed by the most limiting of the essential
plant growth factors. (True or False)
24. The tigernut plant is the cultivated type of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus)
popularly known as a weed in the United States. It is a rhizomatous and tuber
producing perennial warm season plant cultivated in West African countries, Spain
and India. Unfortunately Tigernuts cannot be grown in New Jersey. (True or False)
25. In one sentence, what was for you the most valuable take away lesson about farm
equipment from the guest lecture presented by County Agent Richard Vanvranken.