confirm if this are valid or onvalid Ensure all administrative functions are protected with appropriate access control
high severity, high likelihood

The contract should confirm that all administrative functions, such as those for setting fees and redistributors, are protected by the Security contract's access control mechanisms. This typically involves using modifiers like onlyOwner or onlyManager to restrict function execution to authorized addresses. It's crucial to audit the contract to ensure that these modifiers are correctly applied to all sensitive functions to prevent unauthorized access and potential exploitation.

Example:

function setFeeRedistributor(address feeRedistributor_) external onlyOwner {
    // Function logic
}

function setMaxFeePercent(uint256 maxFeePercent_) external onlyManager {
    // Function logic
}

Implement SafeMath or use Solidity 0.8.x built-in overflow checks
high severity, medium likelihood

The contract should ensure that all arithmetic operations are protected against integer overflow and underflow. While Solidity 0.8.x has built-in overflow checks, it's important to verify that these checks are enabled and that no unchecked keyword is used in the context of arithmetic operations. If the contract is using a version prior to 0.8.x or if there's a need to use unchecked blocks, then the OpenZeppelin SafeMath library should be used to wrap arithmetic operations.

Example:

// Solidity 0.8.x and above
uint256 result = a + b; // Built-in overflow check

// If using Solidity prior to 0.8.x or within an unchecked block
uint256 result = SafeMath.add(a, b); // Using SafeMath

Implement measures to mitigate front-running
medium severity, medium likelihood

To mitigate front-running attacks, the contract should consider implementing measures such as using a commit-reveal scheme, where users first commit to an action without revealing the details, and then reveal it in a subsequent transaction after some time has passed. Another approach is to use transaction ordering dependence (TOD) protection mechanisms, such as checking the transaction's position in the block or using a decentralized oracle to provide a reference price.

Example:

// Commit phase
function commitAction(bytes32 commitHash) external {
    // Store the hash of the action to be taken
    commits[msg.sender] = commitHash;
}

// Reveal phase
function revealAction(uint256 action, bytes32 secret) external {
    // Verify the hash matches the commit
    require(keccak256(abi.encodePacked(action, secret)) == commits[msg.sender], 'Invalid reveal');
    // Execute the action
}

Implement checks-effects-interactions pattern in _transferFees
medium severity, medium likelihood

To prevent potential DoS conditions due to external call failures in the _transferFees function, the contract should implement the checks-effects-interactions pattern. This pattern suggests that all checks (such as require statements) and effects (such as state changes) should be done before any interactions (such as external calls). Additionally, consider implementing a withdrawal pattern where users can withdraw funds on their own rather than relying on the contract to send Ether directly.

Example:

function _transferFees(...) internal {
    // Perform all checks
    require(...);

    // Update state
    balances[msg.sender] -= amount;

    // Interact with external contracts
    (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}('');
    require(success, 'Transfer failed');
}
 in this contract // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity 0.8.7;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/cryptography/MerkleProof.sol";

import "./CurvesERC20.sol";
import "./CurvesERC20Factory.sol";

import "./FeeSplitter.sol";
import "./Security.sol";

interface CurvesErrors {
    // Access-related
    error UnauthorizedCurvesTokenSubject();
    // Balance-related
    error InsufficientPayment();
    error CannotSendFunds();
    error InsufficientBalance();
    // ERC20-related
    error InvalidERC20Metadata();
    error ERC20TokenAlreadyMinted();
    // State-related
    error TokenAbsentForCurvesTokenSubject();
    error CurveAlreadyExists();
    // Transaction-related
    error LastTokenCannotBeSold();
    error ContractCannotReceiveTransfer();
    error ExceededMaxBuyAmount();
    error NonIntegerDepositAmount();
    // Proof-related
    error UnverifiedProof();
    // Presale-related
    error PresaleUnavailable();
    error InvalidPresaleStartTime();
    error SaleNotOpen();
    // Fee related
    error InvalidFeeDefinition();
}

contract Curves is CurvesErrors, Security {
    address public curvesERC20Factory;
    FeeSplitter public feeRedistributor;
    string public constant DEFAULT_NAME = "Curves";
    string public constant DEFAULT_SYMBOL = "CURVES";
    // Counter for CURVES tokens minted
    uint256 private _curvesTokenCounter = 0;

    struct ExternalTokenMeta {
        string name;
        string symbol;
        address token;
    }

    struct PresaleMeta {
        uint256 startTime;
        bytes32 merkleRoot;
        uint256 maxBuy;
    }

    mapping(address => ExternalTokenMeta) public externalCurvesTokens;
    mapping(address => address) public externalCurvesToSubject;
    mapping(string => address) public symbolToSubject;

    mapping(address => PresaleMeta) public presalesMeta;
    mapping(address => mapping(address => uint256)) public presalesBuys;

    struct FeesEconomics {
        address protocolFeeDestination;
        uint256 protocolFeePercent;
        uint256 subjectFeePercent;
        uint256 referralFeePercent;
        uint256 holdersFeePercent;
        uint256 maxFeePercent;
    }

    FeesEconomics public feesEconomics;
    mapping(address => address) public referralFeeDestination;

    event Trade(
        address trader,
        address subject,
        bool isBuy,
        uint256 tokenAmount,
        uint256 ethAmount,
        uint256 protocolEthAmount,
        uint256 subjectEthAmount,
        uint256 supply
    );

    event Transfer(address indexed curvesTokenSubject, address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
    event WhitelistUpdated(address indexed presale, bytes32 indexed root);
    event TokenDeployed(address indexed curvesTokenSubject, address indexed erc20token, string name, string symbol);

    // TokenSubject => (Holder => Balance)
    mapping(address => mapping(address => uint256)) public curvesTokenBalance;

    // TokenSubject => Supply
    mapping(address => uint256) public curvesTokenSupply;

    mapping(address => address[]) private ownedCurvesTokenSubjects;

    modifier onlyTokenSubject(address curvesTokenSubject) {
        if (curvesTokenSubject != msg.sender) revert UnauthorizedCurvesTokenSubject();
        _;
    }

    constructor(address curvesERC20Factory_, address feeRedistributor_) Security() {
        curvesERC20Factory = curvesERC20Factory_;
        feeRedistributor = FeeSplitter(payable(feeRedistributor_));
    }

    function setFeeRedistributor(address feeRedistributor_) external onlyOwner {
        feeRedistributor = FeeSplitter(payable(feeRedistributor_));
    }

    function setMaxFeePercent(uint256 maxFeePercent_) external onlyManager {
        if (
            feesEconomics.protocolFeePercent +
                feesEconomics.subjectFeePercent +
                feesEconomics.referralFeePercent +
                feesEconomics.holdersFeePercent >
            maxFeePercent_
        ) revert InvalidFeeDefinition();
        feesEconomics.maxFeePercent = maxFeePercent_;
    }

    function setProtocolFeePercent(uint256 protocolFeePercent_, address protocolFeeDestination_) external onlyOwner {
        if (
            protocolFeePercent_ +
                feesEconomics.subjectFeePercent +
                feesEconomics.referralFeePercent +
                feesEconomics.holdersFeePercent >
            feesEconomics.maxFeePercent ||
            protocolFeeDestination_ == address(0)
        ) revert InvalidFeeDefinition();
        feesEconomics.protocolFeePercent = protocolFeePercent_;
        feesEconomics.protocolFeeDestination = protocolFeeDestination_;
    }

    function setExternalFeePercent(
        uint256 subjectFeePercent_,
        uint256 referralFeePercent_,
        uint256 holdersFeePercent_
    ) external onlyManager {
        if (
            feesEconomics.protocolFeePercent + subjectFeePercent_ + referralFeePercent_ + holdersFeePercent_ >
            feesEconomics.maxFeePercent
        ) revert InvalidFeeDefinition();
        feesEconomics.subjectFeePercent = subjectFeePercent_;
        feesEconomics.referralFeePercent = referralFeePercent_;
        feesEconomics.holdersFeePercent = holdersFeePercent_;
    }

    function setReferralFeeDestination(
        address curvesTokenSubject,
        address referralFeeDestination_
    ) public onlyTokenSubject(curvesTokenSubject) {
        referralFeeDestination[curvesTokenSubject] = referralFeeDestination_;
    }

    function setERC20Factory(address factory_) external onlyOwner {
        curvesERC20Factory = factory_;
    }

    function getFees(
        uint256 price
    )
        public
        view
        returns (uint256 protocolFee, uint256 subjectFee, uint256 referralFee, uint256 holdersFee, uint256 totalFee)
    {
        protocolFee = (price * feesEconomics.protocolFeePercent) / 1 ether;
        subjectFee = (price * feesEconomics.subjectFeePercent) / 1 ether;
        referralFee = (price * feesEconomics.referralFeePercent) / 1 ether;
        holdersFee = (price * feesEconomics.holdersFeePercent) / 1 ether;
        totalFee = protocolFee + subjectFee + referralFee + holdersFee;
    }

    function getPrice(uint256 supply, uint256 amount) public pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 sum1 = supply == 0 ? 0 : ((supply - 1) * (supply) * (2 * (supply - 1) + 1)) / 6;
        uint256 sum2 = supply == 0 && amount == 1
            ? 0
            : ((supply - 1 + amount) * (supply + amount) * (2 * (supply - 1 + amount) + 1)) / 6;
        uint256 summation = sum2 - sum1;
        return (summation * 1 ether) / 16000;
    }

    function getBuyPrice(address curvesTokenSubject, uint256 amount) public view returns (uint256) {
        return getPrice(curvesTokenSupply[curvesTokenSubject], amount);
    }

    function getSellPrice(address curvesTokenSubject, uint256 amount) public view returns (uint256) {
        return getPrice(curvesTokenSupply[curvesTokenSubject] - amount, amount);
    }

    function getBuyPriceAfterFee(address curvesTokenSubject, uint256 amount) public view returns (uint256) {
        uint256 price = getBuyPrice(curvesTokenSubject, amount);
        (, , , , uint256 totalFee) = getFees(price);

        return price + totalFee;
    }

    function getSellPriceAfterFee(address curvesTokenSubject, uint256 amount) public view returns (uint256) {
        uint256 price = getSellPrice(curvesTokenSubject, amount);
        (, , , , uint256 totalFee) = getFees(price);

        return price - totalFee;
    }

    function buyCurvesToken(address curvesTokenSubject, uint256 amount) public payable {
        uint256 startTime = presalesMeta[curvesTokenSubject].startTime;
        if (startTime != 0 && startTime >= block.timestamp) revert SaleNotOpen();

        _buyCurvesToken(curvesTokenSubject, amount);
    }

    function _transferFees(
        address curvesTokenSubject,
        bool isBuy,
        uint256 price,
        uint256 amount,
        uint256 supply
    ) internal {
        (uint256 protocolFee, uint256 subjectFee, uint256 referralFee, uint256 holderFee, ) = getFees(price);
        {
            bool referralDefined = referralFeeDestination[curvesTokenSubject] != address(0);
            {
                address firstDestination = isBuy ? feesEconomics.protocolFeeDestination : msg.sender;
                uint256 buyValue = referralDefined ? protocolFee : protocolFee + referralFee;
                uint256 sellValue = price - protocolFee - subjectFee - referralFee - holderFee;
                (bool success1, ) = firstDestination.call{value: isBuy ? buyValue : sellValue}("");
                if (!success1) revert CannotSendFunds();
            }
            {
                (bool success2, ) = curvesTokenSubject.call{value: subjectFee}("");
                if (!success2) revert CannotSendFunds();
            }
            {
                (bool success3, ) = referralDefined
                    ? referralFeeDestination[curvesTokenSubject].call{value: referralFee}("")
                    : (true, bytes(""));
                if (!success3) revert CannotSendFunds();
            }

            if (feesEconomics.holdersFeePercent > 0 && address(feeRedistributor) != address(0)) {
                feeRedistributor.onBalanceChange(curvesTokenSubject, msg.sender);
                feeRedistributor.addFees{value: holderFee}(curvesTokenSubject);
            }
        }
        emit Trade(
            msg.sender,
            curvesTokenSubject,
            isBuy,
            amount,
            price,
            protocolFee,
            subjectFee,
            isBuy ? supply + amount : supply - amount
        );
    }

    function _buyCurvesToken(address curvesTokenSubject, uint256 amount) internal {
        uint256 supply = curvesTokenSupply[curvesTokenSubject];
        if (!(supply > 0 || curvesTokenSubject == msg.sender)) revert UnauthorizedCurvesTokenSubject();

        uint256 price = getPrice(supply, amount);
        (, , , , uint256 totalFee) = getFees(price);

        if (msg.value < price + totalFee) revert InsufficientPayment();

        curvesTokenBalance[curvesTokenSubject][msg.sender] += amount;
        curvesTokenSupply[curvesTokenSubject] = supply + amount;
        _transferFees(curvesTokenSubject, true, price, amount, supply);

        // If is the first token bought, add to the list of owned tokens
        if (curvesTokenBalance[curvesTokenSubject][msg.sender] - amount == 0) {
            _addOwnedCurvesTokenSubject(msg.sender, curvesTokenSubject);
        }
    }

    function sellCurvesToken(address curvesTokenSubject, uint256 amount) public {
        uint256 supply = curvesTokenSupply[curvesTokenSubject];
        if (supply <= amount) revert LastTokenCannotBeSold();
        if (curvesTokenBalance[curvesTokenSubject][msg.sender] < amount) revert InsufficientBalance();

        uint256 price = getPrice(supply - amount, amount);

        curvesTokenBalance[curvesTokenSubject][msg.sender] -= amount;
        curvesTokenSupply[curvesTokenSubject] = supply - amount;

        _transferFees(curvesTokenSubject, false, price, amount, supply);
    }

    // Transfers tokens from current owner to receiver. Can be used for gifting or distributing tokens.
    function transferCurvesToken(address curvesTokenSubject, address to, uint256 amount) external {
        if (to == address(this)) revert ContractCannotReceiveTransfer();
        _transfer(curvesTokenSubject, msg.sender, to, amount);
    }

    // Transfer the total balance of all my tokens to another address. Can be used for migrating tokens.
    function transferAllCurvesTokens(address to) external {
        if (to == address(this)) revert ContractCannotReceiveTransfer();
        address[] storage subjects = ownedCurvesTokenSubjects[msg.sender];
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < subjects.length; i++) {
            uint256 amount = curvesTokenBalance[subjects[i]][msg.sender];
            if (amount > 0) {
                _transfer(subjects[i], msg.sender, to, amount);
            }
        }
    }

    function _transfer(address curvesTokenSubject, address from, address to, uint256 amount) internal {
        if (amount > curvesTokenBalance[curvesTokenSubject][from]) revert InsufficientBalance();

        // If transferring from oneself, skip adding to the list
        if (from != to) {
            _addOwnedCurvesTokenSubject(to, curvesTokenSubject);
        }

        curvesTokenBalance[curvesTokenSubject][from] = curvesTokenBalance[curvesTokenSubject][from] - amount;
        curvesTokenBalance[curvesTokenSubject][to] = curvesTokenBalance[curvesTokenSubject][to] + amount;

        emit Transfer(curvesTokenSubject, from, to, amount);
    }

    // Internal function to add a curvesTokenSubject to the list if not already present
    function _addOwnedCurvesTokenSubject(address owner_, address curvesTokenSubject) internal {
        address[] storage subjects = ownedCurvesTokenSubjects[owner_];
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < subjects.length; i++) {
            if (subjects[i] == curvesTokenSubject) {
                return;
            }
        }
        subjects.push(curvesTokenSubject);
    }

    function _deployERC20(
        address curvesTokenSubject,
        string memory name,
        string memory symbol
    ) internal returns (address) {
        // If the token's symbol is CURVES, append a counter value
        if (keccak256(bytes(symbol)) == keccak256(bytes(DEFAULT_SYMBOL))) {
            _curvesTokenCounter += 1;
            name = string(abi.encodePacked(name, " ", Strings.toString(_curvesTokenCounter)));
            symbol = string(abi.encodePacked(symbol, Strings.toString(_curvesTokenCounter)));
        }

        if (symbolToSubject[symbol] != address(0)) revert InvalidERC20Metadata();

        address tokenContract = CurvesERC20Factory(curvesERC20Factory).deploy(name, symbol, address(this));

        externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].token = tokenContract;
        externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].name = name;
        externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].symbol = symbol;
        externalCurvesToSubject[tokenContract] = curvesTokenSubject;
        symbolToSubject[symbol] = curvesTokenSubject;

        emit TokenDeployed(curvesTokenSubject, tokenContract, name, symbol);
        return address(tokenContract);
    }

    function buyCurvesTokenWithName(
        address curvesTokenSubject,
        uint256 amount,
        string memory name,
        string memory symbol
    ) public payable {
        uint256 supply = curvesTokenSupply[curvesTokenSubject];
        if (supply != 0) revert CurveAlreadyExists();

        _buyCurvesToken(curvesTokenSubject, amount);
        _mint(curvesTokenSubject, name, symbol);
    }

    function buyCurvesTokenForPresale(
        address curvesTokenSubject,
        uint256 amount,
        uint256 startTime,
        bytes32 merkleRoot,
        uint256 maxBuy
    ) public payable onlyTokenSubject(curvesTokenSubject) {
        if (startTime <= block.timestamp) revert InvalidPresaleStartTime();
        uint256 supply = curvesTokenSupply[curvesTokenSubject];
        if (supply != 0) revert CurveAlreadyExists();
        presalesMeta[curvesTokenSubject].startTime = startTime;
        presalesMeta[curvesTokenSubject].merkleRoot = merkleRoot;
        presalesMeta[curvesTokenSubject].maxBuy = (maxBuy == 0 ? type(uint256).max : maxBuy);

        _buyCurvesToken(curvesTokenSubject, amount);
    }

    function setWhitelist(bytes32 merkleRoot) external {
        uint256 supply = curvesTokenSupply[msg.sender];
        if (supply > 1) revert CurveAlreadyExists();

        if (presalesMeta[msg.sender].merkleRoot != merkleRoot) {
            presalesMeta[msg.sender].merkleRoot = merkleRoot;
            emit WhitelistUpdated(msg.sender, merkleRoot);
        }
    }

    function buyCurvesTokenWhitelisted(
        address curvesTokenSubject,
        uint256 amount,
        bytes32[] memory proof
    ) public payable {
        if (
            presalesMeta[curvesTokenSubject].startTime == 0 ||
            presalesMeta[curvesTokenSubject].startTime <= block.timestamp
        ) revert PresaleUnavailable();

        presalesBuys[curvesTokenSubject][msg.sender] += amount;
        uint256 tokenBought = presalesBuys[curvesTokenSubject][msg.sender];
        if (tokenBought > presalesMeta[curvesTokenSubject].maxBuy) revert ExceededMaxBuyAmount();

        verifyMerkle(curvesTokenSubject, msg.sender, proof);
        _buyCurvesToken(curvesTokenSubject, amount);
    }

    function verifyMerkle(address curvesTokenSubject, address caller, bytes32[] memory proof) public view {
        // Verify merkle proof
        bytes32 leaf = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(caller));
        if (!MerkleProof.verify(proof, presalesMeta[curvesTokenSubject].merkleRoot, leaf)) revert UnverifiedProof();
    }

    function setNameAndSymbol(
        address curvesTokenSubject,
        string memory name,
        string memory symbol
    ) external onlyTokenSubject(curvesTokenSubject) {
        if (externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].token != address(0)) revert ERC20TokenAlreadyMinted();
        if (symbolToSubject[symbol] != address(0)) revert InvalidERC20Metadata();
        externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].name = name;
        externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].symbol = symbol;
    }

    function mint(address curvesTokenSubject) external onlyTokenSubject(curvesTokenSubject) {
        if (
            keccak256(abi.encodePacked(externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].name)) ==
            keccak256(abi.encodePacked("")) ||
            keccak256(abi.encodePacked(externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].symbol)) ==
            keccak256(abi.encodePacked(""))
        ) {
            externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].name = DEFAULT_NAME;
            externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].symbol = DEFAULT_SYMBOL;
        }
        _mint(
            curvesTokenSubject,
            externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].name,
            externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].symbol
        );
    }

    function _mint(
        address curvesTokenSubject,
        string memory name,
        string memory symbol
    ) internal onlyTokenSubject(curvesTokenSubject) {
        if (externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].token != address(0)) revert ERC20TokenAlreadyMinted();
        _deployERC20(curvesTokenSubject, name, symbol);
    }

    function withdraw(address curvesTokenSubject, uint256 amount) public {
        if (amount > curvesTokenBalance[curvesTokenSubject][msg.sender]) revert InsufficientBalance();

        address externalToken = externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].token;
        if (externalToken == address(0)) {
            if (
                keccak256(abi.encodePacked(externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].name)) ==
                keccak256(abi.encodePacked("")) ||
                keccak256(abi.encodePacked(externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].symbol)) ==
                keccak256(abi.encodePacked(""))
            ) {
                externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].name = DEFAULT_NAME;
                externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].symbol = DEFAULT_SYMBOL;
            }
            _deployERC20(
                curvesTokenSubject,
                externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].name,
                externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].symbol
            );
            externalToken = externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].token;
        }
        _transfer(curvesTokenSubject, msg.sender, address(this), amount);
        CurvesERC20(externalToken).mint(msg.sender, amount * 1 ether);
    }

    function deposit(address curvesTokenSubject, uint256 amount) public {
        if (amount % 1 ether != 0) revert NonIntegerDepositAmount();

        address externalToken = externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].token;
        uint256 tokenAmount = amount / 1 ether;

        if (externalToken == address(0)) revert TokenAbsentForCurvesTokenSubject();
        if (amount > CurvesERC20(externalToken).balanceOf(msg.sender)) revert InsufficientBalance();
        if (tokenAmount > curvesTokenBalance[curvesTokenSubject][address(this)]) revert InsufficientBalance();

        CurvesERC20(externalToken).burn(msg.sender, amount);
        _transfer(curvesTokenSubject, address(this), msg.sender, tokenAmount);
    }

    function sellExternalCurvesToken(address curvesTokenSubject, uint256 amount) public {
        if (externalCurvesTokens[curvesTokenSubject].token == address(0)) revert TokenAbsentForCurvesTokenSubject();

        deposit(curvesTokenSubject, amount);
        sellCurvesToken(curvesTokenSubject, amount / 1 ether);
    }
} contract that involves a token system with presales, fee redistribution, and security measures. Let's start by diagramming the main components and their interactions. begin with the Curves contract and its relationship with CurvesERC20Factory, FeeSplitter, and Security. How do these components interact with each other?