use anyhow::{Context, Result};
use clap::Parser;
use capstone::prelude::*;
use goblin::pe::PE;
use regex::Regex;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use serde_json::json;
use std::fs;
use std::path::Path;
use petgraph::graphmap::DiGraphMap;
use petgraph::dot::Dot;
use log::{info, warn, error};

/// Advanced PE (Portable Executable) Analyzer
#[derive(Parser, Debug)]
#[command(author, version, about, long_about = None)]
struct Cli {
    /// Path to the PE binary file to analyze
    #[arg(short, long)]
    file_path: String,

    /// Output file to save the JSON report (if not provided, prints to stdout)
    #[arg(short, long)]
    output: Option<String>,

    /// Minimum string length to extract
    #[arg(short = 'n', long, default_value_t = 4)]
    min_strings: usize,

    /// Output Control Flow Graph in DOT format (optional)
    #[arg(short = 'c', long)]
    cfg_output: Option<String>,

    /// Enable extended logging
    #[arg(short, long)]
    verbose: bool,
}

fn main() -> Result<()> {
    // Initialize logger
    env_logger::init();

    // Parse command-line arguments
    let cli = Cli::parse();

    // Set logging level based on verbosity
    if cli.verbose {
        std::env::set_var("RUST_LOG", "info");
    } else {
        std::env::set_var("RUST_LOG", "warn");
    }

    let path = Path::new(&cli.file_path);

    if !path.exists() {
        anyhow::bail!("File does not exist: {}", cli.file_path);
    }

    info!("Parsing PE file: {}", cli.file_path);

    // Parse the PE file
    let pe = parser::parse_pe(path)
        .with_context(|| format!("Failed to parse PE file: {}", cli.file_path))?;

    info!("PE file parsed successfully.");

    // Perform analyses
    info!("Analyzing headers...");
    let headers = headers::analyze_headers(&pe);

    info!("Analyzing header anomalies...");
    let header_anomalies = headers::detect_header_anomalies(&pe, &headers);

    info!("Analyzing imports...");
    let imports = imports_exports::analyze_imports(&pe);

    info!("Analyzing exports...");
    let exports = imports_exports::analyze_exports(&pe);

    info!("Extracting resources...");
    let resources = resources::analyze_resources(&pe);

    info!("Extracting strings with IOC detection...");
    let extracted_strings = strings::extract_strings(path, cli.min_strings);

    info!("Analyzing sections...");
    let sections_info = sections::analyze_sections(&pe);

    info!("Detecting packers/obfuscators based on entropy...");
    let packer_detected = entropy::detect_packer(&pe);

    info!("Performing signature-based packer and malware detection...");
    let packer_signatures = signature_based_detection::detect_packer_signatures(&pe);
    let malware_signatures = signature_based_detection::detect_malware_signatures(&pe);

    info!("Disassembling .text section and constructing CFG...");
    let disassembly = match disassembler::disassemble(&pe) {
        Ok(disa) => disa,
        Err(e) => {
            warn!("Disassembly failed: {}", e);
            disassembler::Disassembly {
                instructions: Vec::new(),
                cfg: None,
                functions: Vec::new(),
            }
        }
    };

    info!("Compiling signature detection results...");
    let signatures = signature_based_detection::compile_signature_results(&packer_signatures, &malware_signatures);

    info!("Detecting anomalies based on analysis results...");
    let anomalies = anomalies::compile_anomalies(&header_anomalies, packer_detected, &packer_signatures, &malware_signatures);

    info!("Compiling IOCs from extracted strings...");
    let iocs = ioc_detection::compile_iocs(&extracted_strings);

    // Compile the report
    info!("Compiling the analysis report...");
    let report = report::Report {
        headers,
        header_anomalies,
        imports,
        exports,
        resources,
        strings: extracted_strings,
        sections: sections_info,
        disassembly: disassembly.instructions,
        functions: disassembly.functions,
        packer_detected,
        packer_signatures,
        malware_signatures,
        anomalies,
        iocs,
    };

    // Serialize the report to JSON
    let json_report = serde_json::to_string_pretty(&report.to_json())
        .context("Failed to serialize report to JSON")?;

    // Output the report
    match &cli.output {
        Some(output_path) => {
            fs::write(output_path, json_report)
                .with_context(|| format!("Failed to write to output file: {}", output_path))?;
            info!("Analysis report saved to {}", output_path);
        }
        None => {
            println!("{}", json_report);
        }
    }

    // Output CFG if requested
    if let Some(cfg_output_path) = &cli.cfg_output {
        if let Some(cfg_graph) = &disassembly.cfg {
            let dot = Dot::new(&cfg_graph);
            fs::write(cfg_output_path, format!("{:?}", dot))
                .with_context(|| format!("Failed to write CFG to file: {}", cfg_output_path))?;
            info!("Control Flow Graph saved to {}", cfg_output_path);
        } else {
            warn!("No CFG data available to output.");
        }
    }

    Ok(())
}

// ------------------------ Modules ------------------------

mod parser {
    use super::*;
    use goblin::pe::PE;

    /// Parses a PE file and returns the PE structure
    pub fn parse_pe(path: &Path) -> Result<PE> {
        let buffer = fs::read(path)
            .with_context(|| format!("Failed to read file: {:?}", path))?;

        match PE::parse(&buffer) {
            Ok(pe) => Ok(pe),
            Err(e) => Err(anyhow::anyhow!("PE parsing error: {}", e)),
        }
    }
}

mod headers {
    use super::*;
    use goblin::pe::PE;
    use serde_json::Value;

    /// Extracts and summarizes PE headers information
    pub fn analyze_headers(pe: &PE) -> Value {
        json!({
            "is_64_bit": pe.header.is_64,
            "number_of_sections": pe.header.numberof_sections,
            "entry_point": format!("0x{:X}", pe.entry),
            "image_base": format!("0x{:X}", pe.header.image_base),
            "subsystem": format!("{}", pe.header.subsystem),
            "dll_characteristics": format!("{:X}", pe.header.dll_characteristics),
            "magic": format!("{:X}", pe.header.magic),
            "linker_version": format!("{}.{}", pe.header.major_linker_version, pe.header.minor_linker_version),
            "size_of_code": pe.header.size_of_code,
            "size_of_initialized_data": pe.header.size_of_initialized_data,
            "size_of_uninitialized_data": pe.header.size_of_uninitialized_data,
            "address_of_entry_point": format!("0x{:X}", pe.header.address_of_entry_point),
            "base_of_code": format!("0x{:X}", pe.header.base_of_code),
            "base_of_data": if pe.header.is_64 {
                Value::Null
            } else {
                Some(format!("0x{:X}", pe.header.base_of_data))
            },
            "stack_reserve_size": pe.header.size_of_stack_reserve,
            "stack_commit_size": pe.header.size_of_stack_commit,
            "heap_reserve_size": pe.header.size_of_heap_reserve,
            "heap_commit_size": pe.header.size_of_heap_commit,
            "loader_flags": format!("{:X}", pe.header.loader_flags),
            // Add more header fields as needed
        })
    }

    /// Detects anomalies in PE headers
    pub fn detect_header_anomalies(
        pe: &PE,
        headers: &Value,
    ) -> Vec<String> {
        let mut anomalies = Vec::new();

        // Example anomaly detection:

        // Check for unusually large image base
        if let Some(image_base_str) = headers.get("image_base").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) {
            if let Some(image_base) = u64::from_str_radix(&image_base_str[2..], 16).ok() {
                if image_base > 0x100000000 {
                    anomalies.push(format!("Unusually large Image Base: {}", image_base_str));
                }
            }
        }

        // Check for unusual DLL characteristics
        if let Some(dll_char) = headers.get("dll_characteristics").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) {
            if dll_char.contains("80") { // Example: IMAGE_DLLCHARACTERISTICS_HIGH_ENTROPY_VA
                anomalies.push(format!(
                    "High Entropy VA characteristic set: {}",
                    dll_char
                ));
            }
        }

        // Check for zero linker version
        if let Some(linker_version) = headers.get("linker_version").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) {
            if linker_version == "0.0" {
                anomalies.push("Linker version is 0.0".to_string());
            }
        }

        // Add more anomaly checks as needed
        // Example: Presence of uncommon subsystem
        if let Some(subsystem) = headers.get("subsystem").and_then(|v| v.as_str()) {
            let uncommon_subsystems = vec![
                "IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_NATIVE",
                "IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_EFI_APPLICATION",
                // Add more as needed
            ];
            if uncommon_subsystems.contains(&subsystem) {
                anomalies.push(format!("Uncommon Subsystem: {}", subsystem));
            }
        }

        anomalies
    }
}

mod imports_exports {
    use super::*;
    use goblin::pe::PE;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct ImportFunction {
        pub name: Option<String>,
        pub ordinal: Option<u16>,
    }

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct ImportedDLL {
        pub name: String,
        pub functions: Vec<ImportFunction>,
    }

    /// Analyzes the Import Table of the PE file
    pub fn analyze_imports(pe: &PE) -> Vec<ImportedDLL> {
        let mut imports = Vec::new();

        if let Some(imports_descriptor) = &pe.imports {
            for dll in imports_descriptor {
                let mut functions = Vec::new();
                for imp in &dll.imports {
                    let func = ImportFunction {
                        name: imp.name.clone(),
                        ordinal: imp.ordinal,
                    };
                    functions.push(func);
                }
                let imported_dll = ImportedDLL {
                    name: dll.name.clone(),
                    functions,
                };
                imports.push(imported_dll);
            }
        }

        imports
    }

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct ExportedFunction {
        pub name: String,
        pub ordinal: u16,
        pub address: u32,
    }

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct Exports {
        pub exported_functions: Vec<ExportedFunction>,
    }

    /// Analyzes the Export Table of the PE file
    pub fn analyze_exports(pe: &PE) -> Option<Exports> {
        if let Some(export) = &pe.export {
            let mut exported_functions = Vec::new();
            for func in &export.functions {
                let exported_func = ExportedFunction {
                    name: func.name.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
                    ordinal: func.ordinal,
                    address: func.address,
                };
                exported_functions.push(exported_func);
            }
            Some(Exports {
                exported_functions,
            })
        } else {
            None
        }
    }
}

mod resources {
    use super::*;
    use goblin::pe::resources::Resource;
    use goblin::pe::PE;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct ResourceEntry {
        pub name: Option<String>,
        pub id: Option<u32>,
        pub lang: Option<String>,
        pub size: u32,
    }

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct Resources {
        pub resources: Vec<ResourceEntry>,
    }

    /// Analyzes and extracts resources from the PE file
    pub fn analyze_resources(pe: &PE) -> Option<Resources> {
        if let Some(resources) = &pe.resources {
            let mut res_list = Vec::new();
            for resource in resources.resources.iter() {
                let res = ResourceEntry {
                    name: resource.name.clone(),
                    id: resource.id,
                    lang: resource.lang.clone(),
                    size: resource.size,
                };
                res_list.push(res);
            }
            Some(Resources {
                resources: res_list,
            })
        } else {
            None
        }
    }
}

mod strings {
    use super::*;
    use regex::Regex;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct ExtractedString {
        pub content: String,
        pub offset: usize,
    }

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct Strings {
        pub ascii_strings: Vec<ExtractedString>,
        pub unicode_strings: Vec<ExtractedString>,
        pub iocs: Vec<IOC>,
    }

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct IOC {
        pub type_of_ioc: String,
        pub value: String,
    }

    /// Extracts ASCII and Unicode strings from the PE binary and detects IOCs
    pub fn extract_strings(path: &Path, min_length: usize) -> Strings {
        let buffer = fs::read(path).unwrap_or_default();
        let mut ascii_strings = Vec::new();
        let mut unicode_strings = Vec::new();
        let mut iocs = Vec::new();

        // Extract ASCII strings using regex
        let ascii_re = Regex::new(&format!("[ -~]{{{},}}", min_length)).unwrap();
        for mat in ascii_re.find_iter(&String::from_utf8_lossy(&buffer)) {
            ascii_strings.push(ExtractedString {
                content: mat.as_str().to_string(),
                offset: mat.start(),
            });
        }

        // Extract Unicode (UTF-16LE) strings
        for i in (0..buffer.len()).step_by(2) {
            if i + 2 > buffer.len() {
                break;
            }
            if buffer[i] == 0 && buffer[i + 1] == 0 {
                continue;
            }
            let mut s = String::new();
            let mut j = i;
            while j + 2 <= buffer.len() && !(buffer[j] == 0 && buffer[j + 1] == 0) {
                let char_code = u16::from_le_bytes([buffer[j], buffer[j + 1]]);
                if let Some(c) = std::char::from_u32(char_code as u32) {
                    s.push(c);
                } else {
                    break;
                }
                j += 2;
            }
            if s.len() >= min_length {
                unicode_strings.push(ExtractedString {
                    content: s,
                    offset: i,
                });
            }
        }

        // Detect IOCs in extracted strings
        let ioc_regexes = get_ioc_regexes();
        for s in &ascii_strings {
            for regex in &ioc_regexes {
                for mat in regex.find_iter(&s.content) {
                    iocs.push(IOC {
                        type_of_ioc: determine_ioc_type(regex),
                        value: mat.as_str().to_string(),
                    });
                }
            }
        }

        for s in &unicode_strings {
            for regex in &ioc_regexes {
                for mat in regex.find_iter(&s.content) {
                    iocs.push(IOC {
                        type_of_ioc: determine_ioc_type(regex),
                        value: mat.as_str().to_string(),
                    });
                }
            }
        }

        Strings {
            ascii_strings,
            unicode_strings,
            iocs,
        }
    }

    /// Returns a list of compiled regex patterns for IOCs
    fn get_ioc_regexes() -> Vec<Regex> {
        vec![
            // IPv4 addresses
            Regex::new(r"(?i)\b(?:(?:2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]|[01]?\d\d?)\.){3}(?:2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]|[01]?\d\d?)\b").unwrap(),
            // IPv6 addresses
            Regex::new(r"(?i)\b(?:[A-F0-9]{1,4}:){7}[A-F0-9]{1,4}\b").unwrap(),
            // URLs
            Regex::new(r"(?i)\b(?:https?|ftp)://[^\s/$.?#].[^\s]*\b").unwrap(),
            // Email addresses
            Regex::new(r"(?i)\b[A-Z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z]{2,}\b").unwrap(),
            // File paths
            Regex::new(r"(?i)(?:[A-Z]:)?(?:\\[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]+)+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,4}").unwrap(),
            // Hexadecimal strings
            Regex::new(r"(?i)\b(?:0x)?[A-F0-9]{8,}\b").unwrap(),
            // Base64 strings
            Regex::new(r"(?i)\b(?:[A-Z0-9+/]{4})*(?:[A-Z0-9+/]{2}==|[A-Z0-9+/]{3}=)?\b").unwrap(),
            // MAC addresses
            Regex::new(r"(?i)\b(?:[0-9A-F]{2}[:-]){5}[0-9A-F]{2}\b").unwrap(),
            // JSON strings (rudimentary)
            Regex::new(r"\{(?:[^{}]|(?R))*\}").unwrap(), // Note: Recursive regex can be unreliable
            // Add more IOC regexes as needed
        ]
    }

    /// Determines the type of IOC based on the regex pattern
    fn determine_ioc_type(regex: &Regex) -> String {
        if regex.as_str().contains("IPv4") {
            "IPv4 Address".to_string()
        } else if regex.as_str().contains("IPv6") {
            "IPv6 Address".to_string()
        } else if regex.as_str().contains("https?://") || regex.as_str().contains("ftp://") {
            "URL".to_string()
        } else if regex.as_str().contains("@") {
            "Email Address".to_string()
        } else if regex.as_str().contains("\\") {
            "File Path".to_string()
        } else if regex.as_str().contains("0x") || regex.as_str().contains("[A-F0-9]{8,}") {
            "Hexadecimal String".to_string()
        } else if regex.as_str().contains("[A-Z0-9+/]{4}") {
            "Base64 String".to_string()
        } else if regex.as_str().contains("MAC") || regex.as_str().contains("..:") {
            "MAC Address".to_string()
        } else if regex.as_str().contains("{}") {
            "JSON String".to_string()
        } else {
            "Unknown IOC".to_string()
        }
    }
}

mod sections {
    use super::*;
    use goblin::pe::PE;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct SectionInfo {
        pub name: String,
        pub virtual_size: u32,
        pub virtual_address: u32,
        pub size_of_raw_data: u32,
        pub characteristics: String,
        pub entropy: f32,
    }

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct Sections {
        pub sections: Vec<SectionInfo>,
    }

    /// Analyzes PE sections, calculating entropy for each
    pub fn analyze_sections(pe: &PE) -> Sections {
        let mut sections = Vec::new();

        for section in &pe.sections {
            let characteristics = format!("{:X}", section.characteristics);
            let entropy = entropy::calculate_entropy(&section.data);

            let section_info = SectionInfo {
                name: section.name.clone().trim_end_matches('\0').to_string(),
                virtual_size: section.virtual_size,
                virtual_address: section.virtual_address,
                size_of_raw_data: section.size_of_raw_data,
                characteristics,
                entropy,
            };
            sections.push(section_info);
        }

        Sections { sections }
    }
}

mod entropy {
    use super::*;
    use goblin::pe::PE;

    /// Calculates the entropy of a byte slice
    pub fn calculate_entropy(data: &[u8]) -> f32 {
        if data.is_empty() {
            return 0.0;
        }

        let mut freq = [0u32; 256];
        for &byte in data {
            freq[byte as usize] += 1;
        }

        let data_size = data.len() as f32;
        let mut entropy = 0.0;

        for &count in &freq {
            if count == 0 {
                continue;
            }
            let p = count as f32 / data_size;
            entropy -= p * p.log2();
        }

        entropy
    }

    /// Determines if the entropy is above the threshold, indicating possible packing
    pub fn is_high_entropy(entropy: f32, threshold: f32) -> bool {
        entropy > threshold
    }

    /// Detects if the PE file is likely packed based on entropy analysis
    pub fn detect_packer(pe: &PE) -> bool {
        const ENTROPY_THRESHOLD: f32 = 7.5;

        if let Some(text_section) = pe.sections.iter().find(|s| s.name.trim_end_matches('\0') == ".text") {
            let entropy_val = calculate_entropy(&text_section.data);
            return is_high_entropy(entropy_val, ENTROPY_THRESHOLD);
        }

        false
    }
}

mod disassembler {
    use super::*;
    use capstone::prelude::*;
    use goblin::pe::PE;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;
    use petgraph::graphmap::DiGraphMap;
    use petgraph::dot::Dot;

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct DisassembledInstruction {
        pub address: String,
        pub mnemonic: String,
        pub op_str: String,
    }

    #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
    pub struct Function {
        pub start_address: u64,
        pub end_address: u64,
        pub name: Option<String>,
    }

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct Disassembly {
        pub instructions: Vec<DisassembledInstruction>,
        pub cfg: Option<DiGraphMap<u64, ()>>, // Control Flow Graph
        pub functions: Vec<Function>,
    }

    /// Disassembles the .text section of the PE file using Capstone and constructs the CFG
    pub fn disassemble(pe: &PE) -> Result<Disassembly> {
        // Determine architecture and mode
        let (arch, mode) = if pe.header.is_64 {
            (Architecture::X86, Mode::Mode64)
        } else {
            (Architecture::X86, Mode::Mode32)
        };

        // Initialize Capstone
        let cs = Capstone::new()
            .x86()
            .mode(mode)
            .syntax(capstone::arch::x86::X86Syntax::Intel)
            .detail(false)
            .build()
            .context("Failed to create Capstone object")?;

        // Find the .text section
        let text_section = pe.sections.iter().find(|s| s.name.trim_end_matches('\0') == ".text")
            .context("No .text section found")?;

        // Disassemble the .text section
        let instructions = cs.disasm_all(&text_section.data, text_section.virtual_address as u64)
            .context("Disassembly failed")?;

        let mut disassembled_instructions = Vec::new();
        let mut cfg = DiGraphMap::new();
        let mut functions = Vec::new();

        // Gather instruction addresses for CFG nodes
        for ins in instructions.iter() {
            cfg.add_node(ins.address());
        }

        // Simple CFG construction: connect sequential instructions and handle jumps/calls
        let mut prev_addr: Option<u64> = None;
        let mut current_function_start: Option<u64> = Some(text_section.virtual_address as u64); // Assume entry point as start

        for ins in instructions.iter() {
            let addr = ins.address();
            let mnemonic = ins.mnemonic().unwrap_or("").to_string();
            let op_str = ins.op_str().unwrap_or("").to_string();

            disassembled_instructions.push(DisassembledInstruction {
                address: format!("0x{:X}", addr),
                mnemonic: mnemonic.clone(),
                op_str: op_str.clone(),
            });

            // Connect previous instruction to current
            if let Some(prev) = prev_addr {
                cfg.add_edge(prev, addr, ());
            }

            // Handle jumps and calls for CFG edges
            if mnemonic.starts_with("j") || mnemonic == "call" || mnemonic == "ret" {
                // Attempt to extract immediate operand as target address
                if let Ok(targets) = ins.op_count(capstone::arch::x86::X86_OP_IMM) {
                    for i in 0..targets {
                        if let Ok(op) = ins.op(capstone::arch::x86::X86_OP_IMM, i) {
                            if let capstone::InsnOperand::Imm(target) = op {
                                cfg.add_edge(addr, *target, ());
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                // For conditional jumps, also connect to the next instruction
                if mnemonic.starts_with("j") && mnemonic != "jmp" {
                    // The next instruction after a conditional jump is also a possible path
                    // In reality, more precise handling is needed
                    // For simplicity, we attempt to connect to the next sequential instruction

                    // Note: Capstone does not provide the size directly; assume fixed for simplicity
                    // Proper handling would require calculating the size of the instruction
                    // Here, we skip connecting to the next instruction to avoid inaccuracies
                }

                // If it's a 'ret' instruction, consider function end
                if mnemonic == "ret" {
                    if let Some(func_start) = current_function_start {
                        functions.push(Function {
                            start_address: func_start,
                            end_address: addr,
                            name: None, // Name resolution can be enhanced
                        });
                        current_function_start = None;
                    }
                }

                // If it's a 'call', consider the next instruction as a potential function start
                if mnemonic == "call" {
                    // Assuming functions are called via addresses, which might not always be the case
                    // More sophisticated analysis can track function boundaries more accurately
                }
            }

            prev_addr = Some(addr);
        }

        // If a function was being tracked till the end
        if let Some(func_start) = current_function_start {
            functions.push(Function {
                start_address: func_start,
                end_address: if let Some(last_ins) = disassembled_instructions.last() {
                    u64::from_str_radix(&last_ins.address[2..], 16).unwrap_or(func_start)
                } else {
                    func_start
                },
                name: None,
            });
        }

        Ok(Disassembly {
            instructions: disassembled_instructions,
            cfg: Some(cfg),
            functions,
        })
    }
}

mod signature_based_detection {
    use super::*;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;

    /// Common packer or malware signatures
    pub struct Signature {
        pub name: String,
        pub regex: Regex,
    }

    /// Initializes known packer signatures
    pub fn get_packer_signatures() -> Vec<Signature> {
        vec![
            Signature {
                name: "UPX".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"UPX").unwrap(),
            },
            Signature {
                name: "Themida".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"Themida").unwrap(),
            },
            Signature {
                name: "ASPack".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"ASPack").unwrap(),
            },
            // Add more packer signatures as needed
        ]
    }

    /// Detects known packers based on signatures
    pub fn detect_packer_signatures(pe: &PE) -> Vec<String> {
        let mut detected = Vec::new();
        let signatures = get_packer_signatures();

        // Convert PE data to string for signature matching
        let buffer = pe.to_bytes().unwrap_or_default();
        let buffer_str = String::from_utf8_lossy(&buffer);

        for sig in signatures {
            if sig.regex.is_match(&buffer_str) {
                detected.push(sig.name.clone());
            }
        }

        detected
    }

    /// Initializes known malware signatures
    pub fn get_malware_signatures() -> Vec<Signature> {
        vec![
            Signature {
                name: "Emotet".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"Emotet").unwrap(),
            },
            Signature {
                name: "TrickBot".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"TrickBot").unwrap(),
            },
            // Add more malware signatures as needed
        ]
    }

    /// Detects known malware based on signatures
    pub fn detect_malware_signatures(pe: &PE) -> Vec<String> {
        let mut detected = Vec::new();
        let signatures = get_malware_signatures();

        // Convert PE data to string for signature matching
        let buffer = pe.to_bytes().unwrap_or_default();
        let buffer_str = String::from_utf8_lossy(&buffer);

        for sig in signatures {
            if sig.regex.is_match(&buffer_str) {
                detected.push(sig.name.clone());
            }
        }

        detected
    }

    /// Compiles all signature detection results
    pub fn compile_signature_results(packers: &Vec<String>, malwares: &Vec<String>) -> Vec<SignatureResult> {
        let mut results = Vec::new();

        for packer in packers {
            results.push(SignatureResult {
                type_of_signature: "Packer".to_string(),
                name: packer.clone(),
                detected: true,
            });
        }

        for malware in malwares {
            results.push(SignatureResult {
                type_of_signature: "Malware".to_string(),
                name: malware.clone(),
                detected: true,
            });
        }

        results
    }

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct SignatureResult {
        pub type_of_signature: String, // e.g., "Packer", "Malware"
        pub name: String,
        pub detected: bool,
    }
}

mod report {
    use super::*;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct Report {
        pub headers: Value,
        pub header_anomalies: Vec<String>,
        pub imports: Vec<imports_exports::ImportedDLL>,
        pub exports: Option<imports_exports::Exports>,
        pub resources: Option<resources::Resources>,
        pub strings: strings::Strings,
        pub sections: sections::Sections,
        pub disassembly: Vec<disassembler::DisassembledInstruction>,
        pub functions: Vec<disassembler::Function>,
        pub packer_detected: bool,
        pub packer_signatures: Vec<String>,
        pub malware_signatures: Vec<String>,
        pub anomalies: Vec<anomalies::Anomaly>,
        pub iocs: Vec<strings::IOC>,
    }

    impl Report {
        /// Converts the Report struct to serde_json::Value
        pub fn to_json(&self) -> Value {
            json!({
                "headers": self.headers,
                "header_anomalies": self.header_anomalies,
                "imports": self.imports,
                "exports": self.exports,
                "resources": self.resources,
                "strings": {
                    "ascii_strings": self.strings.ascii_strings,
                    "unicode_strings": self.strings.unicode_strings,
                    "iocs": self.iocs,
                },
                "sections": self.sections.sections,
                "disassembly": self.disassembly,
                "functions": self.functions.iter().map(|f| {
                    json!({
                        "start_address": format!("0x{:X}", f.start_address),
                        "end_address": format!("0x{:X}", f.end_address),
                        "name": f.name.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
                    })
                }).collect::<Vec<Value>>(),
                "packer_detected": self.packer_detected,
                "packer_signatures": self.packer_signatures,
                "malware_signatures": self.malware_signatures,
                "anomalies": self.anomalies.iter().map(|a| {
                    json!({
                        "description": a.description,
                    })
                }).collect::<Vec<Value>>(),
                // Add more fields as needed
            })
        }

        /// Saves the report to a specified file path
        pub fn save_to_file(&self, filepath: &str) -> Result<()> {
            let json_content = serde_json::to_string_pretty(&self.to_json())
                .context("Failed to serialize report to JSON")?;
            fs::write(filepath, json_content)
                .with_context(|| format!("Failed to write report to file: {}", filepath))?;
            Ok(())
        }
    }
}

mod anomalies {
    use super::*;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct Anomaly {
        pub description: String,
    }

    /// Compiles detected anomalies based on analysis results
    pub fn compile_anomalies(
        header_anomalies: &Vec<String>,
        packer_detected: bool,
        packer_signatures: &Vec<String>,
        malware_signatures: &Vec<String>,
    ) -> Vec<Anomaly> {
        let mut anomaly_list = Vec::new();

        // Header anomalies
        for anomaly in header_anomalies {
            anomaly_list.push(Anomaly {
                description: anomaly.clone(),
            });
        }

        // Packer detection anomalies
        if packer_detected {
            anomaly_list.push(Anomaly {
                description: "High entropy detected in .text section, indicating possible packing or encryption.".to_string(),
            });
        }

        // Signature-based packer detection
        for packer in packer_signatures {
            anomaly_list.push(Anomaly {
                description: format!("Detected known packer: {}", packer),
            });
        }

        // Signature-based malware detection
        for malware in malware_signatures {
            anomaly_list.push(Anomaly {
                description: format!("Detected known malware: {}", malware),
            });
        }

        // Add more anomalies as needed

        anomaly_list
    }
}

mod ioc_detection {
    use super::*;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct IOC {
        pub type_of_ioc: String,
        pub value: String,
    }

    /// Compiles detected IOCs from extracted strings
    pub fn compile_iocs(strings: &strings::Strings) -> Vec<IOC> {
        strings.iocs.clone()
    }
}

mod signatures {
    use super::*;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct SignatureEntry {
        pub type_of_signature: String, // e.g., "Packer", "Malware"
        pub name: String,
        pub detected: bool,
    }

    /// Compiles all signature detection results
    pub fn compile_signature_results(packers: &Vec<String>, malwares: &Vec<String>) -> Vec<SignatureEntry> {
        let mut results = Vec::new();

        for packer in packers {
            results.push(SignatureEntry {
                type_of_signature: "Packer".to_string(),
                name: packer.clone(),
                detected: true,
            });
        }

        for malware in malwares {
            results.push(SignatureEntry {
                type_of_signature: "Malware".to_string(),
                name: malware.clone(),
                detected: true,
            });
        }

        results
    }
}

mod signature_based_detection {
    use super::*;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;

    /// Common packer or malware signatures
    pub struct Signature {
        pub name: String,
        pub regex: Regex,
    }

    /// Initializes known packer signatures
    pub fn get_packer_signatures() -> Vec<Signature> {
        vec![
            Signature {
                name: "UPX".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"UPX").unwrap(),
            },
            Signature {
                name: "Themida".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"Themida").unwrap(),
            },
            Signature {
                name: "ASPack".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"ASPack").unwrap(),
            },
            // Add more packer signatures as needed
        ]
    }

    /// Detects known packers based on signatures
    pub fn detect_packer_signatures(pe: &PE) -> Vec<String> {
        let mut detected = Vec::new();
        let signatures = get_packer_signatures();

        // Convert PE data to string for signature matching
        let buffer = pe.to_bytes().unwrap_or_default();
        let buffer_str = String::from_utf8_lossy(&buffer);

        for sig in signatures {
            if sig.regex.is_match(&buffer_str) {
                detected.push(sig.name.clone());
            }
        }

        detected
    }

    /// Initializes known malware signatures
    pub fn get_malware_signatures() -> Vec<Signature> {
        vec![
            Signature {
                name: "Emotet".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"Emotet").unwrap(),
            },
            Signature {
                name: "TrickBot".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"TrickBot").unwrap(),
            },
            // Add more malware signatures as needed
        ]
    }

    /// Detects known malware based on signatures
    pub fn detect_malware_signatures(pe: &PE) -> Vec<String> {
        let mut detected = Vec::new();
        let signatures = get_malware_signatures();

        // Convert PE data to string for signature matching
        let buffer = pe.to_bytes().unwrap_or_default();
        let buffer_str = String::from_utf8_lossy(&buffer);

        for sig in signatures {
            if sig.regex.is_match(&buffer_str) {
                detected.push(sig.name.clone());
            }
        }

        detected
    }

    /// Compiles packer and malware signature results
    pub fn compile_signature_results(packers: &Vec<String>, malwares: &Vec<String>) -> Vec<SignatureResult> {
        let mut results = Vec::new();

        for packer in packers {
            results.push(SignatureResult {
                type_of_signature: "Packer".to_string(),
                name: packer.clone(),
                detected: true,
            });
        }

        for malware in malwares {
            results.push(SignatureResult {
                type_of_signature: "Malware".to_string(),
                name: malware.clone(),
                detected: true,
            });
        }

        results
    }

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct SignatureResult {
        pub type_of_signature: String, // e.g., "Packer", "Malware"
        pub name: String,
        pub detected: bool,
    }
}

mod disassembler {
    use super::*;
    use capstone::prelude::*;
    use goblin::pe::PE;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;
    use petgraph::graphmap::DiGraphMap;
    use petgraph::dot::Dot;

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct DisassembledInstruction {
        pub address: String,
        pub mnemonic: String,
        pub op_str: String,
    }

    #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
    pub struct Function {
        pub start_address: u64,
        pub end_address: u64,
        pub name: Option<String>,
    }

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct Disassembly {
        pub instructions: Vec<DisassembledInstruction>,
        pub cfg: Option<DiGraphMap<u64, ()>>, // Control Flow Graph
        pub functions: Vec<Function>,
    }

    /// Disassembles the .text section of the PE file using Capstone and constructs the CFG
    pub fn disassemble(pe: &PE) -> Result<Disassembly> {
        // Determine architecture and mode
        let (arch, mode) = if pe.header.is_64 {
            (Architecture::X86, Mode::Mode64)
        } else {
            (Architecture::X86, Mode::Mode32)
        };

        // Initialize Capstone
        let cs = Capstone::new()
            .x86()
            .mode(mode)
            .syntax(capstone::arch::x86::X86Syntax::Intel)
            .detail(false)
            .build()
            .context("Failed to create Capstone object")?;

        // Find the .text section
        let text_section = pe.sections.iter().find(|s| s.name.trim_end_matches('\0') == ".text")
            .context("No .text section found")?;

        // Disassemble the .text section
        let instructions = cs.disasm_all(&text_section.data, text_section.virtual_address as u64)
            .context("Disassembly failed")?;

        let mut disassembled_instructions = Vec::new();
        let mut cfg = DiGraphMap::new();
        let mut functions = Vec::new();

        // Gather instruction addresses for CFG nodes
        for ins in instructions.iter() {
            cfg.add_node(ins.address());
        }

        // Simple CFG construction: connect sequential instructions and handle jumps/calls
        let mut prev_addr: Option<u64> = None;
        let mut current_function_start: Option<u64> = Some(pe.entry);

        for ins in instructions.iter() {
            let addr = ins.address();
            let mnemonic = ins.mnemonic().unwrap_or("").to_string();
            let op_str = ins.op_str().unwrap_or("").to_string();

            disassembled_instructions.push(DisassembledInstruction {
                address: format!("0x{:X}", addr),
                mnemonic: mnemonic.clone(),
                op_str: op_str.clone(),
            });

            // Connect previous instruction to current
            if let Some(prev) = prev_addr {
                cfg.add_edge(prev, addr, ());
            }

            // Handle jumps and calls for CFG edges
            if mnemonic.starts_with("j") || mnemonic == "call" || mnemonic == "ret" {
                // Attempt to extract immediate operand as target address
                if let Ok(targets) = ins.op_count(capstone::arch::x86::X86_OP_IMM) {
                    for i in 0..targets {
                        if let Ok(op) = ins.op(capstone::arch::x86::X86_OP_IMM, i) {
                            if let capstone::InsnOperand::Imm(target) = op {
                                cfg.add_edge(addr, *target, ());
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                // For conditional jumps, also connect to the next instruction
                if mnemonic.starts_with("j") && mnemonic != "jmp" {
                    // The next instruction after a conditional jump is also a possible path
                    // Finding next instruction's address
                    // Capstone does not provide a direct way to get next instruction address
                    // Hence, this is a simplification
                }

                // If it's a 'ret' instruction, consider function end
                if mnemonic == "ret" {
                    if let Some(func_start) = current_function_start {
                        functions.push(Function {
                            start_address: func_start,
                            end_address: addr,
                            name: None, // Name resolution can be enhanced
                        });
                        current_function_start = None;
                    }
                }

                // If it's a 'call', consider the next instruction as a potential function start
                if mnemonic == "call" {
                    // Assuming functions are called via addresses, which might not always be the case
                    // More sophisticated analysis can track function boundaries more accurately
                }
            }

            prev_addr = Some(addr);
        }

        // If a function was being tracked till the end
        if let Some(func_start) = current_function_start {
            functions.push(Function {
                start_address: func_start,
                end_address: if let Some(last_ins) = disassembled_instructions.last() {
                    u64::from_str_radix(&last_ins.address[2..], 16).unwrap_or(func_start)
                } else {
                    func_start
                },
                name: None,
            });
        }

        Ok(Disassembly {
            instructions: disassembled_instructions,
            cfg: Some(cfg),
            functions,
        })
    }
}

mod signature_based_detection {
    use super::*;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;

    /// Common packer or malware signatures
    pub struct Signature {
        pub name: String,
        pub regex: Regex,
    }

    /// Initializes known packer signatures
    pub fn get_packer_signatures() -> Vec<Signature> {
        vec![
            Signature {
                name: "UPX".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"UPX").unwrap(),
            },
            Signature {
                name: "Themida".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"Themida").unwrap(),
            },
            Signature {
                name: "ASPack".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"ASPack").unwrap(),
            },
            // Add more packer signatures as needed
        ]
    }

    /// Detects known packers based on signatures
    pub fn detect_packer_signatures(pe: &PE) -> Vec<String> {
        let mut detected = Vec::new();
        let signatures = get_packer_signatures();

        // Convert PE data to string for signature matching
        let buffer = pe.to_bytes().unwrap_or_default();
        let buffer_str = String::from_utf8_lossy(&buffer);

        for sig in signatures {
            if sig.regex.is_match(&buffer_str) {
                detected.push(sig.name.clone());
            }
        }

        detected
    }

    /// Initializes known malware signatures
    pub fn get_malware_signatures() -> Vec<Signature> {
        vec![
            Signature {
                name: "Emotet".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"Emotet").unwrap(),
            },
            Signature {
                name: "TrickBot".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"TrickBot").unwrap(),
            },
            Signature {
                name: "Zeus".to_string(),
                regex: Regex::new(r"Zeus").unwrap(),
            },
            // Add more malware signatures as needed
        ]
    }

    /// Detects known malware based on signatures
    pub fn detect_malware_signatures(pe: &PE) -> Vec<String> {
        let mut detected = Vec::new();
        let signatures = get_malware_signatures();

        // Convert PE data to string for signature matching
        let buffer = pe.to_bytes().unwrap_or_default();
        let buffer_str = String::from_utf8_lossy(&buffer);

        for sig in signatures {
            if sig.regex.is_match(&buffer_str) {
                detected.push(sig.name.clone());
            }
        }

        detected
    }

    /// Compiles packer and malware signature results into a structured format
    pub fn compile_signature_results(packers: &Vec<String>, malwares: &Vec<String>) -> Vec<SignatureResult> {
        let mut results = Vec::new();

        for packer in packers {
            results.push(SignatureResult {
                type_of_signature: "Packer".to_string(),
                name: packer.clone(),
                detected: true,
            });
        }

        for malware in malwares {
            results.push(SignatureResult {
                type_of_signature: "Malware".to_string(),
                name: malware.clone(),
                detected: true,
            });
        }

        results
    }

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct SignatureResult {
        pub type_of_signature: String, // e.g., "Packer", "Malware"
        pub name: String,
        pub detected: bool,
    }
}

mod report {
    use super::*;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct Report {
        pub headers: Value,
        pub header_anomalies: Vec<String>,
        pub imports: Vec<imports_exports::ImportedDLL>,
        pub exports: Option<imports_exports::Exports>,
        pub resources: Option<resources::Resources>,
        pub strings: strings::Strings,
        pub sections: sections::Sections,
        pub disassembly: Vec<disassembler::DisassembledInstruction>,
        pub functions: Vec<disassembler::Function>,
        pub packer_detected: bool,
        pub packer_signatures: Vec<String>,
        pub malware_signatures: Vec<String>,
        pub anomalies: Vec<anomalies::Anomaly>,
        pub iocs: Vec<strings::IOC>,
    }

    impl Report {
        /// Converts the Report struct to serde_json::Value
        pub fn to_json(&self) -> Value {
            json!({
                "headers": self.headers,
                "header_anomalies": self.header_anomalies,
                "imports": self.imports,
                "exports": self.exports,
                "resources": self.resources,
                "strings": {
                    "ascii_strings": self.strings.ascii_strings,
                    "unicode_strings": self.strings.unicode_strings,
                    "iocs": self.iocs,
                },
                "sections": self.sections.sections,
                "disassembly": self.disassembly,
                "functions": self.functions.iter().map(|f| {
                    json!({
                        "start_address": format!("0x{:X}", f.start_address),
                        "end_address": format!("0x{:X}", f.end_address),
                        "name": f.name.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
                    })
                }).collect::<Vec<Value>>(),
                "packer_detected": self.packer_detected,
                "packer_signatures": self.packer_signatures,
                "malware_signatures": self.malware_signatures,
                "anomalies": self.anomalies.iter().map(|a| {
                    json!({
                        "description": a.description,
                    })
                }).collect::<Vec<Value>>(),
                // Add more fields as needed
            })
        }

        /// Saves the report to a specified file path
        pub fn save_to_file(&self, filepath: &str) -> Result<()> {
            let json_content = serde_json::to_string_pretty(&self.to_json())
                .context("Failed to serialize report to JSON")?;
            fs::write(filepath, json_content)
                .with_context(|| format!("Failed to write report to file: {}", filepath))?;
            Ok(())
        }
    }
}

mod anomalies {
    use super::*;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug)]
    pub struct Anomaly {
        pub description: String,
    }

    /// Compiles detected anomalies based on analysis results
    pub fn compile_anomalies(
        header_anomalies: &Vec<String>,
        packer_detected: bool,
        packer_signatures: &Vec<String>,
        malware_signatures: &Vec<String>,
    ) -> Vec<Anomaly> {
        let mut anomaly_list = Vec::new();

        // Header anomalies
        for anomaly in header_anomalies {
            anomaly_list.push(Anomaly {
                description: anomaly.clone(),
            });
        }

        // Packer detection anomalies
        if packer_detected {
            anomaly_list.push(Anomaly {
                description: "High entropy detected in .text section, indicating possible packing or encryption.".to_string(),
            });
        }

        // Signature-based packer detection
        for packer in packer_signatures {
            anomaly_list.push(Anomaly {
                description: format!("Detected known packer: {}", packer),
            });
        }

        // Signature-based malware detection
        for malware in malware_signatures {
            anomaly_list.push(Anomaly {
                description: format!("Detected known malware: {}", malware),
            });
        }

        // Add more anomalies as needed

        anomaly_list
    }
}

mod ioc_detection {
    use super::*;
    use serde::Serialize;
    use serde_json::Value;

    #[derive(Serialize, Debug, Clone)]
    pub struct IOC {
        pub type_of_ioc: String,
        pub value: String,
    }

    /// Compiles detected IOCs from extracted strings
    pub fn compile_iocs(strings: &strings::Strings) -> Vec<IOC> {
        strings.iocs.clone()
    }
}

Enhance this code even further. Go beyond and make it even more advanced. Replace placeholders with an implementation. A good implementation.