1_ Translate the following legal text into colloquial Farsi 2_ Place the Persian and English text side by side in the table 3_ From the beginning to the end of the text, there should be an English sentence on the left side and a Persian sentence on the right side.  Side.
         4- The use of legal language for Persian translation 5_ Continue to the end of the text

            .This
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they neglected to do. Nothing could be done. When the promise was made the improvements had already been done. It was a gratuitous promise.
On the other hand, suppose I ask you to work for my company. You do so for a while. Later I promise to pay you. Since (a) I asked you to do it, and (b) it is the kind of thing that would normally be paid for, then despite the fact that I promised after you worked I have to pay. In a sense my request carried an implied promise of payment. These were the circumstances of Stewart v. Casey (1892) (which is sometimes called Re Casey's Patents (1892). It followed a very old case called Lampleigh v. Braithwait (1615) in which a man asked another to travel to the king and beg a reprieve from hanging for him. It was successful. The man promised to pay £100. He failed to do so, but he was held bound by his promise to pay for the act since it had been performed at his request.
The final rule bas an even stranger name: "consideration must move from the promisee". It is part of a doctrine of contract law called privity. Only the parties to a contract have rights under it, and only they have obligations. There are very few exceptions to this. In Tweddle v. Atkinson (1861), for example, a couple were engaged. Their parents promised each other that they would each pay some money to the couple when they married. One set of parents paid, the other did not: the father died before he had had a chance to. The couple sued his estate. The action failed, because the only appropriate plaintiffs were the other set of parents. The couple had provided no consideration. They were not parties to the contract. They could not, therefore, sue on it.
A brief reference must be made here to equity. In essence, it is composed of a number of principles developed over the years in the interests of justice and fairness between the parties when a strict observance of the common law rules would lead to unfairness and injustice. In Central London Property Trust Ltd v. High Trees House Ltd (1947), commonly called High Trees, such a principle emerged when the argument concerned consideration. A landlord had gratuitously promised to halve the rent he could legally have demanded from a company renting the whole of a block of flats from him. It was wartime and it was proving difficult for the company to let the flats and pay the full rent. After the emergency the landlord wanted to restore the position and claim the full rent. He also questioned his ability to claim the back rent. Strictly, he had a right to the money, but the court said that they would not have allowed it if formally asked. This on the basis of the unfairness to the company who had relied on the promise, which had been made knowing it would be relied upon (they cut the rents to fill the block). This rare and very limited principle of equity is called estoppel. Where it is recognised, it can make a gratuitous promise binding provided, generally, that it was relied on and acted upon by the promisce.