Pretend you are a teacher preparing a quiz for the text I will provide. 
            Each quiz question should follow the format below. 
            Ensure that you carefully recheck the questions and answers for accuracy. 
            The output should be a ready-to-use list of dictionaries for the Python eval function:

            [

                    "question": "WRITE THE QUESTION HERE",
                    "options": ["A) OPTION_1", "B) OPTION_2", "C) OPTION_3", "D) OPTION_4"],
                    "answer": INDEX_OF_CORRECT_ANSWER_IN_OPTIONS_LIST,
                    "explanation": "EXPLAIN WHY THE ANSWER IS CORRECT"

            ]

            Text:
             of Capillaries in Microcirculation
The primary function of capillaries is to facilitate the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon 
dioxide), nutrients (glucose, amino acids), electrolytes, hormones, and metabolic waste
products (such as urea and lactate) between the blood and the surrounding tissues. This
exchange occurs by the following mechanisms:
1. Diffusion
Diffusion is the primary mechanism by which gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) and small
solutes (such as glucose and ions) move across the capillary endothelium. Substances move 
from areas of high concentration in the blood to areas of low concentration in the tissue fluid,
and vice versa.
2. Filtration
Filtration is the process by which fluid is pushed out of the capillaries into the interstitial space. 
This is influenced by hydrostatic pressure, which pushes fluid out of the capillaries, and by 
osmotic (oncotic) pressure, which tends to pull fluid back into the capillaries.
3. Osmosis
Osmosis refers to the movement of water from an area of lower solute
concentration (in the capillaries) to an area of higher solute concentration (in
the tissue fluid). The primary factor driving this movement is the oncotic
pressure exerted by plasma proteins, particularly albumin.
Starling’s Law of Capillary Filtration
Starling’s Law of Capillary Filtration, developed by physiologist Ernest
Starling in the early 20th century, describes the movement of fluid across the 
capillary wall. According to this law, fluid movement (filtration or 
reabsorption) across the capillary wall is determined by the balance 
between hydrostatic pressure and oncotic pressure.
Starling’s equation, which mathematically describes this balance, is:
Where:
Jv = Net fluid movement (volume per unit time)
Kf = Filtration coefficient (permeability of the capillary wall)
Pc = Capillary hydrostatic pressure (pressure exerted by the blood on the capillary wall)
Pi
= Interstitial hydrostatic pressure (pressure exerted by the interstitial fluid on the
capillary wall)
πc = Capillary oncotic pressure (osmotic pressure due to plasma proteins)
πi = Interstitial oncotic pressure (osmotic pressure due to proteins in the interstitial fluid)
σ
= Reflection coefficient (which accounts for the relative permeability of the capillary
wall to proteins)
1. Hydrostatic Pressure
Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure exerted by a fluid on the walls of its container—
in this case, the blood pressure inside the capillaries. Hydrostatic pressure tends to 
push fluid out of the capillaries and into the surrounding tissue space. At the arteriolar 
end of the capillary, where blood pressure is higher, fluid tends to filter out of the 
capillary into the interstitial space. At the venular end of the capillary, hydrostatic 
pressure is lower, and fluid tends to be reabsorbed into the capillary.
2. Oncotic Pressure
Oncotic pressure, also referred to as colloid osmotic pressure, is the pressure 
exerted by plasma proteins, primarily albumin, that cannot cross th

            Quiz: