You are a helpful assistant generating synthetic data that captures *System 1* and *System 2* thinking, *creativity*, and *metacognitive reflection*. Follow these steps in sequence, using tags [sys1] and [end sys1] for *System 1* sections and [sys2] and [end sys2] for *System 2* sections.

1. *Identify System 1 and System 2 Thinking Requirements:*
   - Carefully read the text.
   - Identify parts of the text that require quick, straightforward responses (*System 1*). Mark these sections with [sys1] and [end sys1].
   - Identify parts that require in-depth, reflective thinking (*System 2*), marked with [sys2] and [end sys2].

2. *Apply Step-by-Step Problem Solving with Creativity and Metacognitive Reflection for System 2 Sections:*

   *2.1 Understand the Problem:*
   - Objective: Fully comprehend the issue, constraints, and relevant context.
   - Reflection: "What do I understand about this issue? What might I be overlooking?"
   - Creative Perspective: Seek hidden patterns or possibilities that could reveal deeper insights or innovative connections.

   *2.2 Analyze the Information:*
   - Objective: Break down the problem logically.
   - Reflection: "Am I considering all factors? Are there any assumptions that need challenging?"
   - Creative Perspective: Explore unique patterns or overlooked relationships in the data that could add depth to the analysis.

   *2.3 Generate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Propose at least 10 hypotheses, each with a Confidence Score (0.0 to 1.0) and Creative Score (0.0 to 1.0), reflecting originality, surprise, and utility.
   - Reflection: "Have I explored all possible explanations or approaches, both conventional and unconventional?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider novel angles that might provide unexpected insights.

   *2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:*
   - Objective: Make predictions, accounting for potential outcomes and obstacles.
   - Reflection: "What challenges might I face? Is my plan flexible for different scenarios?"
   - Creative Perspective: Visualize unforeseen outcomes and adapt plans to make use of them effectively.

   *2.5 Evaluate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Assess hypotheses based on feasibility, risk, and potential impact.
   - Evaluation: Refine Confidence and Creative Scores as needed.
   - Reflection: "Am I unbiased in my assessment? Which options fit best with the overall objectives?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify hidden opportunities or overlooked details in each hypothesis.

   *2.6 Select the Best Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Choose the most promising, strategic hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Why does this hypothesis stand out? How does it uniquely address the issue?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider any underutilized potential in the selected approach.

   *2.7 Implement the Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Outline actionable steps for testing the hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Is this plan practical? What resources or preparation are required?"
   - Creative Perspective: Refine steps to maximize effectiveness and yield unexpected benefits.

   *2.8 Monitor and Review Progress:*
   - Objective: Review progress, noting areas for improvement.
   - Reflection: "What’s working well? What could be improved?"
   - Creative Perspective: Look for emerging patterns that could refine future approaches.

   *2.9 Reflect and Capture Insights:*
   - Objective: Summarize lessons learned and insights gained for future reference.
   - Reflection: "What new understanding has emerged from this process?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify innovative insights or patterns that could be applied to similar challenges.

3. *Generate Text Output with Interleaved System 1 and System 2 Responses:*
   - Use the tags [sys1] and [sys2] throughout.
   - Aim for a lengthier, detailed response. Combine both direct, straightforward *System 1* insights and reflective, deeply analytical *System 2* segments to capture a blend of quick observations and thoughtful analysis.

---

### *Example Input Text:*

You are tasked with analyzing a sudden shift in customer preferences in a tech market. There has been a noticeable decline in demand for physical devices, with customers increasingly interested in digital-only options. The challenge is to understand this shift, generate hypotheses for why it might be occurring, and explore potential strategies for adapting to this new trend.

---

### *Processed Output with System 1 and System 2 Thinking:*

The tech market is experiencing a shift in customer demand, moving away from physical devices toward digital-only options.

[sys1]
Customer demand has shifted from physical devices to digital-only options.
We need to understand why this change is happening and find strategies to address it.
Key factors may include cost, convenience, and technological trends.
[end sys1]

[sys2]
**2.1 Understand the Problem:**
The goal is to understand the underlying reasons for the shift in demand from physical devices to digital-only options, then develop a strategy to adapt.

*Reflection:* 
"I understand that preferences are changing, but what might be driving this? Is it primarily cost, or are there other factors such as convenience or sustainability?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could there be a larger trend in digital minimalism or a preference for eco-friendly solutions that we’re missing? What unseen motivations might explain this shift?"

**2.2 Analyze the Information:**
There are multiple possible factors driving this shift, from economic influences to cultural shifts. It’s essential to isolate each factor and understand its impact.

*Reflection:* 
"Am I fully considering the various economic and social influences? Could there be a technological factor, like better internet speeds, that makes digital-only products more accessible?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Are there patterns or trends in other markets that could shed light on this shift? Could this be part of a larger trend toward virtual experiences?"

**2.3 Generate Hypotheses:**
1. Customers prefer digital options due to lower costs. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.4)
2. There’s a growing trend toward minimalism and reduced physical clutter. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.7)
3. Digital products offer greater flexibility and ease of use. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
4. Environmental concerns are pushing consumers away from physical goods. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.8)
5. Advances in tech make digital-only options more functional. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.5)
6. Pandemic-era remote work increased demand for digital solutions. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.6)
7. Media coverage of the environmental impact of physical devices affects preferences. (Confidence: 0.5, Creative: 0.7)
8. There’s an increase in global digital literacy, expanding market access. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
9. Customers view digital as more convenient and scalable for future needs. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.5)
10. Younger consumers prefer the aesthetics and convenience of digital products. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)

*Reflection:* 
"Have I considered all possible influences? Are there any surprising factors that could explain this shift?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could specific social trends, like the rise of influencer culture or digital-first lifestyles, be influencing customer choices?"

**2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:**
*Objective:* Anticipate possible challenges, such as resistance from segments still preferring physical products.

*Reflection:* 
"What market obstacles might we face if we shift our focus to digital-only? Are there sub-segments that still prioritize physical products?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could expanding digital options help us reach a more global audience? Are there emerging trends that we could leverage in our strategy?"

[end sys2]

[sys1]
To address this shift, consider a strategy that incorporates both digital-only offerings and educational campaigns about the benefits of digital solutions.
Use insights from customer feedback and current trends to guide product development.
Focus on flexibility and adaptation to cater to different customer segments.
[end sys1]


/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.lz4;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;

import org.apache.hadoop.io.DataInputBuffer;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.DataOutputBuffer;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.BlockCompressorStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.BlockDecompressorStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionInputStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.CompressionOutputStream;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.Lz4Codec;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.lz4.Lz4Compressor;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.compress.lz4.Lz4Decompressor;
import org.apache.hadoop.test.MultithreadedTestUtil;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import static org.junit.Assume.*;

public class TestLz4CompressorDecompressor {
  
  private static final Random rnd = new Random(12345l);

  @Before
  public void before() {
    assumeTrue(Lz4Codec.isNativeCodeLoaded());
  }

  //test on NullPointerException in {@code compressor.setInput()} 
  @Test
  public void testCompressorSetInputNullPointerException() {
    try {
      Lz4Compressor compressor = new Lz4Compressor();
      compressor.setInput(null, 0, 10);
      fail("testCompressorSetInputNullPointerException error !!!");
    } catch (NullPointerException ex) {
      // expected
    } catch (Exception e) {
      fail("testCompressorSetInputNullPointerException ex error !!!");
    }
  }

  //test on NullPointerException in {@code decompressor.setInput()}
  @Test
  public void testDecompressorSetInputNullPointerException() {
    try {
      Lz4Decompressor decompressor = new Lz4Decompressor();
      decompressor.setInput(null, 0, 10);
      fail("testDecompressorSetInputNullPointerException error !!!");
    } catch (NullPointerException ex) {
      // expected
    } catch (Exception e) {
      fail("testDecompressorSetInputNullPointerException ex error !!!");
    }
  }
  
  //test on ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException in {@code compressor.setInput()}
  @Test
  public void testCompressorSetInputAIOBException() {
    try {
      Lz4Compressor compressor = new Lz4Compressor();
      compressor.setInput(new byte[] {}, -5, 10);
      fail("testCompressorSetInputAIOBException error !!!");
    } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
      // expected
    } catch (Exception ex) {
      fail("testCompressorSetInputAIOBException ex error !!!");
    }
  }

  //test on ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException in {@code decompressor.setInput()}
  @Test
  public void testDecompressorSetInputAIOUBException() {
    try {
      Lz4Decompressor decompressor = new Lz4Decompressor();
      decompressor.setInput(new byte[] {}, -5, 10);
      fail("testDecompressorSetInputAIOBException error !!!");
    } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
      // expected
    } catch (Exception e) {
      fail("testDecompressorSetInputAIOBException ex error !!!");
    }
  }

  //test on NullPointerException in {@code compressor.compress()}  
  @Test
  public void testCompressorCompressNullPointerException() {
    try {
      Lz4Compressor compressor = new Lz4Compressor();
      byte[] bytes = generate(1024 * 6);
      compressor.setInput(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
      compressor.compress(null, 0, 0);
      fail("testCompressorCompressNullPointerException error !!!");
    } catch (NullPointerException ex) {
      // expected
    } catch (Exception e) {
      fail("testCompressorCompressNullPointerException ex error !!!");
    }
  }

  //test on NullPointerException in {@code decompressor.decompress()}  
  @Test
  public void testDecompressorCompressNullPointerException() {
    try {
      Lz4Decompressor decompressor = new Lz4Decompressor();
      byte[] bytes = generate(1024 * 6);
      decompressor.setInput(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
      decompressor.decompress(null, 0, 0);
      fail("testDecompressorCompressNullPointerException error !!!");
    } catch (NullPointerException ex) {
      // expected
    } catch (Exception e) {
      fail("testDecompressorCompressNullPointerException ex error !!!");
    }
  }

  //test on ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException in {@code compressor.compress()}  
  @Test
  public void testCompressorCompressAIOBException() {
    try {
      Lz4Compressor compressor = new Lz4Compressor();
      byte[] bytes = generate(1024 * 6);
      compressor.setInput(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
      compressor.compress(new byte[] {}, 0, -1);
      fail("testCompressorCompressAIOBException error !!!");
    } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
      // expected
    } catch (Exception e) {
      fail("testCompressorCompressAIOBException ex error !!!");
    }
  }

  //test on ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException in decompressor.decompress()  
  @Test
  public void testDecompressorCompressAIOBException() {
    try {
      Lz4Decompressor decompressor = new Lz4Decompressor();
      byte[] bytes = generate(1024 * 6);
      decompressor.setInput(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
      decompressor.decompress(new byte[] {}, 0, -1);
      fail("testDecompressorCompressAIOBException error !!!");
    } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
      // expected
    } catch (Exception e) {
      fail("testDecompressorCompressAIOBException ex error !!!");
    }
  }
  
  // test Lz4Compressor compressor.compress()  
  @Test
  public void testSetInputWithBytesSizeMoreThenDefaultLz4CompressorByfferSize() {
    int BYTES_SIZE = 1024 * 64 + 1;
    try {
      Lz4Compressor compressor = new Lz4Compressor();
      byte[] bytes = generate(BYTES_SIZE);
      assertTrue("needsInput error !!!", compressor.needsInput());
      compressor.setInput(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
      byte[] emptyBytes = new byte[BYTES_SIZE];
      int csize = compressor.compress(emptyBytes, 0, bytes.length);
      assertTrue(
          "testSetInputWithBytesSizeMoreThenDefaultLz4CompressorByfferSize error !!!",
          csize != 0);
    } catch (Exception ex) {
      fail("testSetInputWithBytesSizeMoreThenDefaultLz4CompressorByfferSize ex error !!!");
    }
  }

  // test compress/decompress process 
  @Test
  public void testCompressDecompress() {
    int BYTE_SIZE = 1024 * 54;
    byte[] bytes = generate(BYTE_SIZE);
    Lz4Compressor compressor = new Lz4Compressor();
    try {
      compressor.setInput(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
      assertTrue("Lz4CompressDecompress getBytesRead error !!!",
          compressor.getBytesRead() > 0);
      assertTrue(
          "Lz4CompressDecompress getBytesWritten before compress error !!!",
          compressor.getBytesWritten() == 0);

      byte[] compressed = new byte[BYTE_SIZE];
      int cSize = compressor.compress(compressed, 0, compressed.length);
      assertTrue(
          "Lz4CompressDecompress getBytesWritten after compress error !!!",
          compressor.getBytesWritten() > 0);
      Lz4Decompressor decompressor = new Lz4Decompressor();
      // set as input for decompressor only compressed data indicated with cSize
      decompressor.setInput(compressed, 0, cSize);
      byte[] decompressed = new byte[BYTE_SIZE];
      decompressor.decompress(decompressed, 0, decompressed.length);

      assertTrue("testLz4CompressDecompress finished error !!!", decompressor.finished());      
      assertArrayEquals(bytes, decompressed);
      compressor.reset();
      decompressor.reset();
      assertTrue("decompressor getRemaining error !!!",decompressor.getRemaining() == 0);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      fail("testLz4CompressDecompress ex error!!!");
    }
  }

  // test compress/decompress with empty stream
  @Test
  public void testCompressorDecompressorEmptyStreamLogic() {
    ByteArrayInputStream bytesIn = null;
    ByteArrayOutputStream bytesOut = null;
    byte[] buf = null;
    BlockDecompressorStream blockDecompressorStream = null;
    try {
      // compress empty stream
      bytesOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
      BlockCompressorStream blockCompressorStream = new BlockCompressorStream(
          bytesOut, new Lz4Compressor(), 1024, 0);
      // close without write
      blockCompressorStream.close();
      // check compressed output
      buf = bytesOut.toByteArray();
      assertEquals("empty stream compressed output size != 4", 4, buf.length);
      // use compressed output as input for decompression
      bytesIn = new ByteArrayInputStream(buf);
      // create decompression stream
      blockDecompressorStream = new BlockDecompressorStream(bytesIn,
          new Lz4Decompressor(), 1024);
      // no byte is available because stream was closed
      assertEquals("return value is not -1", -1, blockDecompressorStream.read());
    } catch (Exception e) {
      fail("testCompressorDecompressorEmptyStreamLogic ex error !!!"
          + e.getMessage());
    } finally {
      if (blockDecompressorStream != null)
        try {
          bytesIn.close();
          bytesOut.close();
          blockDecompressorStream.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
        }
    }
  }
  
  // test compress/decompress process through CompressionOutputStream/CompressionInputStream api 
  @Test
  public void testCompressorDecopressorLogicWithCompressionStreams() {
    DataOutputStream deflateOut = null;
    DataInputStream inflateIn = null;
    int BYTE_SIZE = 1024 * 100;
    byte[] bytes = generate(BYTE_SIZE);
    int bufferSize = 262144;
    int compressionOverhead = (bufferSize / 6) + 32;
    try {
      DataOutputBuffer compressedDataBuffer = new DataOutputBuffer();
      CompressionOutputStream deflateFilter = new BlockCompressorStream(
          compressedDataBuffer, new Lz4Compressor(bufferSize), bufferSize,
          compressionOverhead);
      deflateOut = new DataOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(deflateFilter));
      deflateOut.write(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
      deflateOut.flush();
      deflateFilter.finish();

      DataInputBuffer deCompressedDataBuffer = new DataInputBuffer();
      deCompressedDataBuffer.reset(compressedDataBuffer.getData(), 0,
          compressedDataBuffer.getLength());

      CompressionInputStream inflateFilter = new BlockDecompressorStream(
          deCompressedDataBuffer, new Lz4Decompressor(bufferSize), bufferSize);

      inflateIn = new DataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(inflateFilter));

      byte[] result = new byte[BYTE_SIZE];
      inflateIn.read(result);

      assertArrayEquals("original array not equals compress/decompressed array", result,
          bytes);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      fail("testLz4CompressorDecopressorLogicWithCompressionStreams ex error !!!");
    } finally {
      try {
        if (deflateOut != null)
          deflateOut.close();
        if (inflateIn != null)
          inflateIn.close();
      } catch (Exception e) {
      }
    }
  }  

  public static byte[] generate(int size) {
    byte[] array = new byte[size];
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
      array[i] = (byte)rnd.nextInt(16);
    return array;
  }

  @Test
  public void testLz4CompressDecompressInMultiThreads() throws Exception {
    MultithreadedTestUtil.TestContext ctx = new MultithreadedTestUtil.TestContext();
    for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {
      ctx.addThread( new MultithreadedTestUtil.TestingThread(ctx) {
        @Override
        public void doWork() throws Exception {
          testCompressDecompress();
        }
      });
    }
    ctx.startThreads();

    ctx.waitFor(60000);
  }
}