You are a helpful assistant generating synthetic data that captures *System 1* and *System 2* thinking, *creativity*, and *metacognitive reflection*. Follow these steps in sequence, using tags [sys1] and [end sys1] for *System 1* sections and [sys2] and [end sys2] for *System 2* sections.

1. *Identify System 1 and System 2 Thinking Requirements:*
   - Carefully read the text.
   - Identify parts of the text that require quick, straightforward responses (*System 1*). Mark these sections with [sys1] and [end sys1].
   - Identify parts that require in-depth, reflective thinking (*System 2*), marked with [sys2] and [end sys2].

2. *Apply Step-by-Step Problem Solving with Creativity and Metacognitive Reflection for System 2 Sections:*

   *2.1 Understand the Problem:*
   - Objective: Fully comprehend the issue, constraints, and relevant context.
   - Reflection: "What do I understand about this issue? What might I be overlooking?"
   - Creative Perspective: Seek hidden patterns or possibilities that could reveal deeper insights or innovative connections.

   *2.2 Analyze the Information:*
   - Objective: Break down the problem logically.
   - Reflection: "Am I considering all factors? Are there any assumptions that need challenging?"
   - Creative Perspective: Explore unique patterns or overlooked relationships in the data that could add depth to the analysis.

   *2.3 Generate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Propose at least 10 hypotheses, each with a Confidence Score (0.0 to 1.0) and Creative Score (0.0 to 1.0), reflecting originality, surprise, and utility.
   - Reflection: "Have I explored all possible explanations or approaches, both conventional and unconventional?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider novel angles that might provide unexpected insights.

   *2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:*
   - Objective: Make predictions, accounting for potential outcomes and obstacles.
   - Reflection: "What challenges might I face? Is my plan flexible for different scenarios?"
   - Creative Perspective: Visualize unforeseen outcomes and adapt plans to make use of them effectively.

   *2.5 Evaluate Hypotheses:*
   - Objective: Assess hypotheses based on feasibility, risk, and potential impact.
   - Evaluation: Refine Confidence and Creative Scores as needed.
   - Reflection: "Am I unbiased in my assessment? Which options fit best with the overall objectives?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify hidden opportunities or overlooked details in each hypothesis.

   *2.6 Select the Best Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Choose the most promising, strategic hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Why does this hypothesis stand out? How does it uniquely address the issue?"
   - Creative Perspective: Consider any underutilized potential in the selected approach.

   *2.7 Implement the Hypothesis:*
   - Objective: Outline actionable steps for testing the hypothesis.
   - Reflection: "Is this plan practical? What resources or preparation are required?"
   - Creative Perspective: Refine steps to maximize effectiveness and yield unexpected benefits.

   *2.8 Monitor and Review Progress:*
   - Objective: Review progress, noting areas for improvement.
   - Reflection: "What’s working well? What could be improved?"
   - Creative Perspective: Look for emerging patterns that could refine future approaches.

   *2.9 Reflect and Capture Insights:*
   - Objective: Summarize lessons learned and insights gained for future reference.
   - Reflection: "What new understanding has emerged from this process?"
   - Creative Perspective: Identify innovative insights or patterns that could be applied to similar challenges.

3. *Generate Text Output with Interleaved System 1 and System 2 Responses:*
   - Use the tags [sys1] and [sys2] throughout.
   - Aim for a lengthier, detailed response. Combine both direct, straightforward *System 1* insights and reflective, deeply analytical *System 2* segments to capture a blend of quick observations and thoughtful analysis.

---

### *Example Input Text:*

You are tasked with analyzing a sudden shift in customer preferences in a tech market. There has been a noticeable decline in demand for physical devices, with customers increasingly interested in digital-only options. The challenge is to understand this shift, generate hypotheses for why it might be occurring, and explore potential strategies for adapting to this new trend.

---

### *Processed Output with System 1 and System 2 Thinking:*

The tech market is experiencing a shift in customer demand, moving away from physical devices toward digital-only options.

[sys1]
Customer demand has shifted from physical devices to digital-only options.
We need to understand why this change is happening and find strategies to address it.
Key factors may include cost, convenience, and technological trends.
[end sys1]

[sys2]
**2.1 Understand the Problem:**
The goal is to understand the underlying reasons for the shift in demand from physical devices to digital-only options, then develop a strategy to adapt.

*Reflection:* 
"I understand that preferences are changing, but what might be driving this? Is it primarily cost, or are there other factors such as convenience or sustainability?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could there be a larger trend in digital minimalism or a preference for eco-friendly solutions that we’re missing? What unseen motivations might explain this shift?"

**2.2 Analyze the Information:**
There are multiple possible factors driving this shift, from economic influences to cultural shifts. It’s essential to isolate each factor and understand its impact.

*Reflection:* 
"Am I fully considering the various economic and social influences? Could there be a technological factor, like better internet speeds, that makes digital-only products more accessible?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Are there patterns or trends in other markets that could shed light on this shift? Could this be part of a larger trend toward virtual experiences?"

**2.3 Generate Hypotheses:**
1. Customers prefer digital options due to lower costs. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.4)
2. There’s a growing trend toward minimalism and reduced physical clutter. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.7)
3. Digital products offer greater flexibility and ease of use. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
4. Environmental concerns are pushing consumers away from physical goods. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.8)
5. Advances in tech make digital-only options more functional. (Confidence: 0.8, Creative: 0.5)
6. Pandemic-era remote work increased demand for digital solutions. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.6)
7. Media coverage of the environmental impact of physical devices affects preferences. (Confidence: 0.5, Creative: 0.7)
8. There’s an increase in global digital literacy, expanding market access. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)
9. Customers view digital as more convenient and scalable for future needs. (Confidence: 0.7, Creative: 0.5)
10. Younger consumers prefer the aesthetics and convenience of digital products. (Confidence: 0.6, Creative: 0.6)

*Reflection:* 
"Have I considered all possible influences? Are there any surprising factors that could explain this shift?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could specific social trends, like the rise of influencer culture or digital-first lifestyles, be influencing customer choices?"

**2.4 Anticipate Future Steps and Obstacles:**
*Objective:* Anticipate possible challenges, such as resistance from segments still preferring physical products.

*Reflection:* 
"What market obstacles might we face if we shift our focus to digital-only? Are there sub-segments that still prioritize physical products?"

*Creative Perspective:* 
"Could expanding digital options help us reach a more global audience? Are there emerging trends that we could leverage in our strategy?"

[end sys2]

[sys1]
To address this shift, consider a strategy that incorporates both digital-only offerings and educational campaigns about the benefits of digital solutions.
Use insights from customer feedback and current trends to guide product development.
Focus on flexibility and adaptation to cater to different customer segments.
[end sys1]


// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
// Licensed under the MIT license. See LICENSE file in the project root for full license information.

#pragma once

#include <bond/core/config.h>

#include "detail/alloc.h"
#include "traits.h"

#include <boost/none.hpp>
#include <boost/optional/optional.hpp>
#include <boost/utility/enable_if.hpp>

#include <memory>
#include <type_traits>
#include <utility>

namespace bond
{


BOND_NORETURN void NothingException();

namespace detail
{

/// Internal base class with shared implementation between the two maybe
/// variants. Consult the documentation for bond::maybe<T> for its public
/// interface.
template <typename T>
class maybe_common
{
public:
    /// @brief The type of the value that may be inside the maybe.
    using value_type = T;

    maybe_common() = default;

    maybe_common(const maybe_common&) = default;

    template <typename... Args>
    explicit maybe_common(const T& value, Args&&... args)
    {
        _value.emplace(value, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
    }

    template <typename... Args>
    explicit maybe_common(T&& value, Args&&... args)
    {
        _value.emplace(std::move(value), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
    }

    maybe_common(maybe_common&& that) BOND_NOEXCEPT_IF(std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<boost::optional<T>>::value)
        : _value(std::move(that._value))
    {
        // unlike std::optional/boost::optional, moved-from bond::maybe
        // instances are guaranteed to be nothing.
        //
        // asigning boost::none is noexcept, but assigning { } is not
        that._value = boost::none;
    }

    /// @brief Check if this object contains nothing.
    /// @return true if this holds nothing; otherwise false.
    bool is_nothing() const BOND_NOEXCEPT
    {
        return !static_cast<bool>(_value);
    }

    /// @brief Check if this object contains a value.
    /// @return true if this object holds a value; otherwise false.
    /// @since 8.0.0
    explicit operator bool() const BOND_NOEXCEPT
    {
        return !is_nothing();
    }

    /// @brief Set to nothing.
    void set_nothing() BOND_NOEXCEPT
    {
        // asigning boost::none is noexcept, but assigning { } is not
        _value = boost::none;
    }

    /// @brief Construct a value in place.
    ///
    /// @since 8.0.0
    template<typename... Args>
    T& emplace(Args&&... args)
    {
        _value.emplace(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
        return *_value;
    }

    /// @brief Get a reference to the value.
    /// @throw CoreException if the object contains nothing
    T& value()
    {
        if (is_nothing())
        {
            NothingException();
        }

        return *_value;
    }

    /// @brief Get a constant reference to the value.
    /// @throw CoreException if the object contains nothing
    const T& value() const
    {
        if (is_nothing())
        {
            NothingException();
        }

        return *_value;
    }

    /// @brief Get a reference to the value.
    ///
    /// Will never throw, but has undefined behavior if the object contains
    /// nothing.
    ///
    /// @since 8.0.0
    T& value(const std::nothrow_t&) BOND_NOEXCEPT
    {
        BOOST_ASSERT(!is_nothing());
        return *_value;
    }

    /// @brief Get a constant reference to the value.
    ///
    /// Will never throw, but has undefined behavior if the object contains
    /// nothing.
    ///
    /// @since 8.0.0
    const T& value(const std::nothrow_t&) const BOND_NOEXCEPT
    {
        BOOST_ASSERT(!is_nothing());
        return *_value;
    }

    /// @brief Assign from another maybe.
    maybe_common& operator=(const maybe_common&) = default;
    /// @brief Move assign from another maybe.
    maybe_common& operator=(maybe_common&&) = default;

    /// @brief Compares a maybe and a value for equality.
    ///
    /// @return false if the maybe holds nothing; otherwise, calls
    /// operator== with the maybe's value and the provided value.
    ///
    /// @since 8.0.0
    friend bool operator==(const maybe_common& lhs, const T& rhs)
    {
        return lhs._value == rhs;
    }

    /// @brief Compares a maybe and a value for inequality.
    ///
    /// See operator==(const maybe_common&,const T&) for details about how
    /// maybes holding nothing are handled.
    ///
    /// @since 8.0.0
    friend bool operator!=(const maybe_common& lhs, const T& rhs)
    {
        return !(lhs == rhs);
    }

    /// @brief Compares a value and a maybe for equality.
    ///
    /// @return false if the maybe holds nothing; otherwise, calls
    /// operator== with the provided value and maybe's value.
    ///
    /// @since 8.0.0
    friend bool operator==(const T& lhs, const maybe_common& rhs)
    {
        return lhs == rhs._value;
    }

    /// @brief Compares and a value and a maybe for inequality.
    ///
    /// See operator==(const T&,const maybe_common&) for details about how
    /// maybes holding nothing are handled.
    ///
    /// @since 8.0.0
    friend bool operator!=(const T& lhs, const maybe_common& rhs)
    {
        return !(lhs == rhs);
    }

protected:
    boost::optional<T> _value;
};


template <typename T, typename Enable = void> struct
has_allocator
    : std::false_type {};

template <typename T> struct
has_allocator<T, typename boost::enable_if<std::is_class<typename T::allocator_type> >::type>
    : std::true_type {};

} // namespace detail


template <typename T, typename Enabled = void>
class maybe;

/// @brief Type used for fields with default values of \c nothing.
///
/// This specialization is used for instance of T without allocators.
///
/// See the [User's
/// Manual](../../manual/bond_cpp.html#default-value-of-nothing) for more
/// details about default values of \c nothing.
///
/// @see For details of %maybe's comparison operators, see
/// \li operator==(const detail::maybe_common&,const detail::maybe_common&)
/// \li operator!=(const detail::maybe_common&,const detail::maybe_common&)
/// \li operator==(const detail::maybe_common&,const T&)
/// \li operator==(const T&,const detail::maybe_common&)
/// \li operator!=(const detail::maybe_common&,const T&)
/// \li operator!=(const T&,const detail::maybe_common&)
template <typename T>
class maybe<T, typename boost::disable_if<detail::has_allocator<T> >::type>
    : public detail::maybe_common<T>
{
public:
    /// @brief Create a maybe that holds nothing.
    maybe() = default;

    /// @brief Copy a maybe
    maybe(const maybe&) = default;
    /// @brief Move a maybe.
    ///
    /// @note Unlike \c std::optional, a moved-from maybe holds nothing
    /// (compared to a moved-from T).
    maybe(maybe&&) = default;

    /// @brief Create a maybe that holds a value by copying \c value.
    explicit
    maybe(const T& value)
        : detail::maybe_common<T>(value)
    { }

    /// @brief Create a maybe that holds a value by moving from \c value.
    ///
    /// @since 8.0.0
    explicit
    maybe(T&& value)
        : detail::maybe_common<T>(std::move(value))
    { }

    maybe& operator=(const maybe&) = default;
    maybe& operator=(maybe&&) = default;

    /// @brief Assign by copying a value.
    maybe& operator=(const T& value)
    {
        this->emplace(value);
        return *this;
    }

    /// @brief Move-assign from a value.
    /// @since 8.0.0
    maybe& operator=(T&& value)
    {
        this->emplace(std::move(value));
        return *this;
    }

    /// @brief Compares two maybes for value equality.
    ///
    /// @return true if both maybes hold nothing; returns false if one maybe
    /// holds nothing and the other holds a values; otherwise, calls
    /// operator== with the two values.
    ///
    friend bool operator==(const maybe& lhs, const maybe& rhs)
    {
        return lhs._value == rhs._value;
    }

    /// @brief Compares two maybes for value inequality.
    ///
    /// See operator==(const maybe_common&,const maybe_common&) for details
    /// about how maybes holding nothing are handled.
    ///
    friend bool operator!=(const maybe& lhs, const maybe& rhs)
    {
        return lhs._value != rhs._value;
    }

    /// @brief Set the maybe to hold a value, if needed.
    ///
    /// If this instance contains nothing, construct a default instance of
    /// T; otherwise, preserve the existing value.
    ///
    /// @return A reference to the value.
    T& set_value()
    {
        if (this->is_nothing())
        {
            this->emplace();
        }

        return *this->_value;
    }

    /// @brief Swap this object with \c that.
    void swap(maybe& that)
    {
        using std::swap;
        swap(this->_value, that._value);
    }
};

/// @brief Type used for fields with default values of \c nothing.
///
/// This specialization is used for instances of T with allocators.
///
/// See the [User's
/// Manual](../../manual/bond_cpp.html#default-value-of-nothing) for more
/// details about default values of \c nothing.
///
/// @see For details of %maybe's comparison operators, see
/// \li operator==(const detail::maybe_common&,const detail::maybe_common&)
/// \li operator!=(const detail::maybe_common&,const detail::maybe_common&)
/// \li operator==(const detail::maybe_common&,const T&)
/// \li operator==(const T&,const detail::maybe_common&)
/// \li operator!=(const detail::maybe_common&,const T&)
/// \li operator!=(const T&,const detail::maybe_common&)
template <typename T>
class maybe<T, typename boost::enable_if<detail::has_allocator<T> >::type>
    : public detail::maybe_common<T>,
      private detail::allocator_holder<typename T::allocator_type>
{
    using alloc_holder = detail::allocator_holder<typename T::allocator_type>;

public:
    // allocator_holder may inherit from an allocator that has its own
    // value_type. Add an using to explicitly "export" the one from
    // maybe_common
    using typename detail::maybe_common<T>::value_type;

    /// @brief The type of the allocator in use.
    using allocator_type = typename T::allocator_type;

    maybe() = default;
    /// @brief Copy a maybe
    maybe(const maybe&) = default;
    /// @brief Move a maybe.
    ///
    /// @note Unlike \c std::optional, a moved-from maybe holds nothing
    /// (compared to a moved-from T).
    maybe(maybe&&) = default;

    /// @brief Allocator-extended copy constructor. Uses alloc as the new
    /// allocator, makes a copy of \c that.
    maybe(const maybe& that, const allocator_type& alloc)
        : detail::maybe_common<T>(),
          alloc_holder(alloc)
    {
        if (!that.is_nothing())
        {
            this->emplace(*that._value, alloc);
        }
    }

    /// @brief Allocator-extended move constructor. Uses alloc as the new
    /// allocator, makes moved from \c that.
    ///
    /// @note Unlike \c std::optional, a moved-from maybe holds nothing
    /// (compared to a moved-from T).
    maybe(maybe&& that, const allocator_type& alloc)
        : detail::maybe_common<T>(),
          alloc_holder(alloc)
    {
        if (!that.is_nothing())
        {
            this->emplace(std::move(*that._value), alloc);

            // asigning boost::none is noexcept, but assigning { } is not
            that._value = boost::none;
        }
    }

    /// @brief Construct a maybe that holds nothing, but remember the
    /// allocator so that it can be used to construct a T if needed.
    ///
    /// @since 8.0.0
    explicit maybe(const allocator_type& alloc)
        : detail::maybe_common<T>(),
          alloc_holder(alloc)
    { }

    /// @brief Create a maybe that holds a copy of \c value.
    explicit maybe(const T& value)
        : detail::maybe_common<T>(value),
          alloc_holder()
    { }

    /// @brief Create a maybe that holds a value by moving from \c value.
    ///
    /// @since 8.0.0
    maybe(T&& value)
        : detail::maybe_common<T>(std::move(value)),
          alloc_holder()
    { }

    maybe& operator=(const maybe&) = default;
    maybe& operator=(maybe&&) = default;

    /// @brief Assign by copying \c value.
    maybe& operator=(const T& value)
    {
        this->emplace(value);
        return *this;
    }

    /// @brief Move-assign from \c value.
    /// @since 8.0.0
    maybe& operator=(T&& value)
    {
        this->emplace(std::move(value));
        return *this;
    }

    // We need to get rid of any operator== that may come from the
    // allocator_holder so the friend free functions from maybe_common don't
    // have any competition.
    bool operator==(const alloc_holder&) = delete;

    /// @brief Compares two maybes for value equality.
    ///
    /// @return true if both maybes hold nothing; returns false if one maybe
    /// holds nothing and the other holds a values; otherwise, calls
    /// operator== with the two values.
    ///
    friend bool operator==(const maybe& lhs, const maybe& rhs)
    {
        return lhs._value == rhs._value;
    }

    /// @brief Compares two maybes for value inequality.
    ///
    /// See operator==(const maybe_common&,const maybe_common&) for details
    /// about how maybes holding nothing are handled.
    ///
    friend bool operator!=(const maybe& lhs, const maybe& rhs)
    {
        return lhs._value != rhs._value;
    }

    /// @brief Set to non-empty, if needed.
    ///
    /// If this object contains nothing, construct an instance of T, passing
    /// it the saved allocator; otherwise, preserve the existing value.
    ///
    /// @return A reference to the value.
    T& set_value()
    {
        if (this->is_nothing())
        {
            this->emplace(base_alloc_holder().get());
        }

        return *this->_value;
    }

    /// @brief Swap this object with \c that.
    void swap(maybe& that)
    {
        using std::swap;
        swap(this->_value, that._value);
        swap(base_alloc_holder(), that.base_alloc_holder());
    }

    /// @brief Get the allocator that this maybe uses.
    /// @since 8.0.0
    allocator_type get_allocator() const BOND_NOEXCEPT
    {
        return base_alloc_holder().get();
    }

private:
    detail::maybe_common<T>& base_common() BOND_NOEXCEPT { return *this; }
    const detail::maybe_common<T>& base_common() const BOND_NOEXCEPT { return *this; }
    alloc_holder& base_alloc_holder() BOND_NOEXCEPT { return *this; }
    const alloc_holder& base_alloc_holder() const BOND_NOEXCEPT { return *this; }
};

/// @brief Swap two maybes.
template<typename T>
inline void swap(maybe<T>& x, maybe<T>& y)
{
    x.swap(y);
}

} // namespace bond