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 Description: 📝 PDF: https://yaroslavarussian.ck.page/censor
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Title: Learn Russian with News | Why books in Russia are being censored
Caption: Hi all! This is Yaroslava, and this is a channel
for those who study Russian. And in
this series of videos we read news in
Russian so that you can better
understand the texts that native speakers write
for native speakers, and so that you can
use it too. And in these videos we read not
only old news that happened
a long time ago. I think you have seen my videos about
Stalin, you have seen the video about Gagarin, and
, of course, we read the news about
what is happening now. And today I
brought you some controversial news.
And I will be interested to know what you
think on this issue. But let me
show you what I brought, what I
prepared for you today. But what did I bring you today
? Look at this book. By
Roberto Carnero. The book is called
Pasolini. Die for ideas. This is Pasolini,
Pasolini himself. And what's interesting about this
book? What’s interesting about it is that most
of it, a fifth of the book, looks
something like this. There are just black pages.
And before we read this news
and find out why the pages are black,
why the pages in the book are painted over, I
invite you to my webinar this Saturday,
where we will talk about books, more precisely,
we will talk about Russian classical
literature and about phrases, about quotes from
Russian classical literature that
native speakers still pronounce. And you
can meet them in the news, you can
meet them in other books, in the media,
just in conversations. And this is
a cultural code so that you understand the native speakers even better
. And, of course, if you
are preparing for TRFL exams, then
I think you will really like this webinar. I
will be waiting for you this Saturday, and
all the information will be in the description. Now
let's read the article. So, AST is
the name of a company, a publishing house,
a company that prints books in
Russia. AST painted over the fifth part of
Roberto Carnero's book "Pasolini" with black
lines. AST Publishing House has made
adjustments to the book “Pasolini. To Die for
Ideas,” which tells the story of the life
of Italian director and poet Pier
Paolo Pasolini. On several dozen
pages, lines of text were painted over
in black. We have already seen this.
According to the telegram channel “Caution, News”,
about a fifth of the book was censored. Some
sentences, biographical details,
interview excerpts, and footnotes have been blacked out
. It is also noted that several
consecutive pages were affected
by this change. Almost all
information about Pasolini's sexuality and personal life
has been removed . Representatives of the AST publishing house
reported that such changes were
made in accordance with Federal
Law No. 478, adopted in December 2022
(prohibition of LGBT propaganda). This
solution is not universal. As
a rule, foreign publishers of non-fiction
do not agree to shortening and editing
the original text of the manuscript. However, in
this case, the copyright holder approved
the proposal of the AST publishing house, and the current
version in Russia was published with his permission.
The decision of the editors who published the book
was forced so that the publication could see
the light of day. Coloring over sections of text is a more
honest choice than simply cutting out
paragraphs as if they were never in the book.
This practice of publishing books with
retouched fragments that do not
comply with legal requirements
is already widely used
in Russian publishing houses. Thanks to
the presence of hidden fragments
, a echo of the original text with the modern
context in which we live here and now arises
. In addition, the book becomes
an artifact of the era, an attribute of performance,
artistic expression. It is no coincidence
that the title of the book in which the publication was published is
“Picture of Time”. Perhaps the signal
copy of the book will soon become
an exhibit in one of the museums of modern
art. Gave a comment in
AST press service. Well, now I
’ll tell you a little about how books are sold in
Russia, and you, please, write how
it is in your country, whether the practice is similar or
not, maybe there are some
differences, but I think, as usual, I think
like everywhere else, we have online stores and
there are offline stores, regular stores
where the reader, the buyer comes with his own
feet. And in these stores, each
book has special markings, almost
like films. I think you know
that films are labeled, for example,
for the whole family, or can be watched by children
in the presence of parents, or 18+,
for example, labeled. In Russia,
books also have such categories. For example, zero+,
of course, this is for everyone and for children,
for any age, 6+, 12+, 16+, 18+.
What category a book will be given depends
on what is written there and how it is written.
For example, the most understandable thing is if there is
swearing in the book. Or in another way we call swearing
- obscene language. If there is a description
of violence, psychological, physical.
If there are sexual scenes, explicit
scenes, it can be said differently. If
there is a description of some illegal
actions, for example, banditry, terrorism
or alcoholism, drug addiction, for example. And
if I remember correctly, 18+ books
are sold in cellophane, that is, they cannot
simply be opened in a store. They're all
sealed in bags, they're all sealed
in cellophane. And this is done so that children
who come to the bookstore cannot
simply open these 18+ books
that they are not yet old enough to read.
And you see that this book has
an 18+ icon. This means that this book is not
for children, there are some
explicit scenes or maybe
obscene language or
other things that only
adults can do, and it is sold in cellophane. And
imagine, you come to the store,
buy a book in cellophane, come
home, open it, and there are just black
pages. What would you think? Okay,
let's read it already. I will explain to you all
the interesting, incomprehensible words that
are found here in this short article.
So, AST. AST is the name of
the publishing company. And you see that
this word “AST” also has a gender, a neuter
gender. I wonder why? How to understand what
gender an abbreviation is? First thing you can
do? You can look at the decoding
of this abbreviation. For example, we take
the USSR, the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics. The main word here is, well,
the noun "union", masculine.
This means that the USSR will also be masculine.
By the way, when I was very little,
very, very, very little, very little, I
thought for a long time what the USSR meant. And I
guessed, I guessed that the USSR means
“serving the Soviet Union.” Then I thought,
what does “R” mean? "Russia!" I thought that the USSR
meant “serving the Soviet Union, Russia.” Here.
Something like that, but I was very young.
So, the USSR is it. Let's look at
the USA. This is the United States of America. States
of America. The noun here is "states". And
this is already plural. Therefore, “USSR
announced” or “USA announced.” But it's not that
announced” or “USA announced.” But it's not that
simple. There are abbreviations that
native speakers do not perceive as
abbreviations, they do not think that they are
abbreviations, they treat them as
words. For example, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. MFA is
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. And
“ministry” is a neuter gender. But no, “mid”
will be masculine. Because,
like almost all words in the Russian
language that end in a consonant
, the word “mid” ends
in a consonant, which means we also think that
it is masculine. Or the word “university” - higher
educational institution, also neuter, but
ends with a consonant. And this word
is used so, so often that it
began to work according to the male model. But I
looked, the abbreviation “AST” does not mean
anything, these are the first letters of the surnames
of the company’s founders. I think there
will be a neuter gender here, because "AST" is
a "publishing house". Neuter gender. So,
part five of the book. One fifth or one second,
one third, one fourth, one sixth,
seventh, one tenth. Horror! I just
noticed that I couldn’t see Miro! And
everything that I wrote... so what happened before
that, I did it later. Fine? And we
continue with you. AST Publishing House has made
adjustments to the book “Pasolini. To die for
ideas." Contributed. You see, here
the publishing house has already added - the neuter gender, one might
say differently, added. Which
tells about the life of Italian
director and poet Pier Paolo Pasolini.
To be honest, I haven't watched any of his
films. More precisely, I watched one film in
which he was a screenwriter, in which he
wrote the script. And I think you
know this movie too. This is "A Wonderful Life",
this is a classic, classic drama,
classic Italian melodrama,
which was directed by Frederico Fellini. On
several dozen pages, lines of
text were painted over in black. This
is the line. And on several dozen
pages, that is, there were many pages,
maybe 20, 30, 40, 50 lines of
text were painted over in black. According
to the telegram channel "Caution,
News", that is, as reported by
the telegram channel "Caution, News", there
was a message. About a fifth of the book
was censored. Around – not only about
the place. For example, near a school, near
a store, but close – that’s another plus or minus,
approximately. So about a fifth of
the book, about a fifth of the book
was censored. Anything that
is censored, we say, has been “
censored.” And being exposed is a negative
influence. And this is a very official word.
What might be affected? Well, for example,
you can be subject to foreign influence.
Risk, discrimination, punishment,
disappointment. This means that to be exposed is
either to be influenced by, or to experience
some kind of action, a negative
action. Oh, can you hear? So, some
sentences, biographical details,
interview fragments and footnotes have been painted over in black
. Footnotes are sometimes at the bottom
of the page in small font, you know, with
an asterisk. Some
additional information is being written. Here's
a footnote. Footnote. They were painted black
. It is also noted, that is, also
noticed, also in this message they say
that several consecutive pages
were affected by this change.
Consistent. We already had the word
"sequentially". It's step by step, one
by one. Consistently. And here
several, that is, one after another, pages
were subjected to these changes, were
affected by this change. Almost all information about
Pasolini's sexuality and personal life
has been removed .
Representatives of the AST publishing house said
that representatives are like ambassadors;
a representative is a person who
speaks on behalf of the company, for example, or
another person. And here representatives
of the AST publishing house reported that such
changes had been made, we already had
this word, the AST publishing house made
adjustments, that is, added adjustments.
And here, that such changes were
made, that is, added in accordance
with Federal Law 478, adopted
in December 22, that
is, the ban on LGBT propaganda. So what
are they saying? This solution is not
universal. We can say that this
solution is not universal. As a rule,
usually. Rather, it is not usually, but most often
or very often, or ordinary.
Foreign publishers, that is, publishers from abroad,
from other countries, non-fiction writers do not
agree to abbreviations and edits
of the original text of the manuscript. So,
non-fiction. Yes, we use that word.
Nonfiction books, I think, fall into two
categories. The first category is
science fiction, that is, popular science books
in which scientists or journalists
talk about some scientific facts,
but in a language understandable to all people. These are
science fiction, popular science books. And there is
such a psychological category, that is,
these are self-development books,
self-development books to develop yourself.
Although, probably, biographies are also included in
non-fiction. Well, it depends on the amount of
imagination in these biographies. So,
foreign nonfiction publishers do not
agree, they do not agree, they do not
want to be cut. Abbreviation is when
the amount of text is reduced. For example,
there was a long sentence, it was shortened and
made shorter. The word "abbreviation" comes from
the word "reduce" - "short". This means that they
do not agree to shortening and editing
the original text, that is, to
change the text, to make some changes in
the text, in the original text. And the manuscript
is the author’s original, what the author
wrote with his own hand. Manuscript. However, in
this case, in this case,
the copyright holder, the one who has
the rights to publish this book, approved
the proposal of the AST publishing house. To approve,
that is, to say, everything is fine, we
agree. And the current version is in Russia.
The current one, which is now. I love
this play on words so much! Because, look, in
English it's current and well, it's
current. And why do I like it?
Because current is the flow of the river. It's
like a river flows. Right? In Russian
, the word "current" version is also from the word
"flow", like water flows. I'm just
wondering why? How did people
come up with this? So, the current version, that is,
this version that exists now,
was published in Russia with his permission. The decision of the editors
who published the book, that is, the editors
who published the book, was forced
so that the publication could see the light of day. The word
"forced" is similar to the word
"force", maybe you know the word
"force". “Force” is to make
another person do something that
he does not want, but does. And “to force”
is not to leave a person other options
and to make him do what
you want, but he doesn’t want to, that is,
“to force.” For example, if you play
chess, then in chess there is a forced
capture, when you do not want to take someone else's
piece, but your opponent leaves you no
other options, you need to do it,
although you do not want to do it. This means that
although you do not want to do it. This means that
the decision of the editors who published the book
was forced so that the publication could see
the light of day, so that the publication could be
published. That is, they would like
to do differently, but they have no
options, they cannot do
differently. Coloring over sections of text
is a more honest choice than simply cutting out
paragraphs as if they were never in the book.
A similar practice, a similar practice,
is to publish books with retouched
fragments. Retouch, for example, in
Photoshop, to fix something.
(practice) With retouched fragments that do not
comply with legal requirements
, this is already widely used
in Russian publishing houses, that is,
the practice is widely used, Similar
practice is widely used. In the service
they say that publishing houses often do this
to comply with
legal requirements. That is, to
comply with the laws. And thanks to
the presence, due to the presence of hidden
fragments, because there are such hidden
fragments,
a overlap between the source text and the modern
context arises. In general, roll call is
a process when they check everything in place or
No. Well, for example, in the classroom or during
a lesson the teacher says “Petrov?” "Here!"
"Ivanov?" "Here!" "Smirnova?" here!" And the teacher,
for example, calls everyone by name, and in
response the students, schoolchildren say, “I’m
here, I’m here, I’m here.” This is a roll call.
And this practice shows that the source
text sends a signal to the modern
reader, the modern context, and
the modern reader also responds something
to the author. And that means there is such
an exchange. The author talks about Pasolini’s life,
how society and how the world
perceived his sexuality, his
orientation, sexual orientation, and we
see how now the world also perceives
his sexuality. orientation. In addition,
the book becomes an artifact of the era,
an attribute of performance,
artistic expression. We have already
talked about non-fiction.
This is fiction
.
And fiction is
all about fantasy.
imagination and thoughts of the author. Artistic
history means that this story is not real.
And here the book becomes
an artifact of the era or an attribute
of performance, artistic expression.
The censored version of the book is already
a statement, it is already a protest,
an artistic, creative protest. This is
something, this is a performance. It is no coincidence, that
is, it is not a coincidence, it is not just
like that, it is not a coincidence, and the name of the series in
which the publication was published, that is, in which
this book was published, is called “Picture of
Time.” And in this series they publish books
that talk about problems, about
social dilemmas at different times.
Perhaps a signal copy, I don’t know
what a signal copy means, a signal
copy of the book will soon become
an exhibit in one of the museums of modern
art. The AST press service provided comments
. I’m interested in what you
think about such performances, about such
laws. You know, I wanted
to add a little something sharply social, controversial
. I hope I
succeeded. And see you soon in new
videos. And bye!