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Ttulo: We Make a Cool Walking Stick
Descripcin: [Music] welcome back the other day we were in the woods and we picked up a couple of sticks these are limbs that came from redwood trees as we discussed the trees grow from very small to very tall and as they grow they grow away from their lower Limbs and the new foliage of the canopy cast Shadow or shade on those lower Limbs and then they don&#39;t make much energy for the tree by photosynthesis so the tree gets rid of them so these fall to the ground and dry up and these have been on the ground for perhaps a year or two they&#39;re not rotten they have not deteriorated they still have bark on them now you have to think about it this bark is designed to protect the tree so the bark will protect the wood after it&#39;s off the tree for a while and then it&#39;ll eventually deteriorate so I picked these up because since we are hiking perhaps a walking stick would be of use some people use hiking sticks others do not there&#39;s no right or wrong answer it&#39;s a preference if I am on uneven ground uneven terrain uh and I&#39;m worried about maybe falling I might want a walking stick so how do you make a walking stick well first of all you don&#39;t have to make one you can go to a store or go online and get one the price that you see online anywhere from $50 to $150 for a walking stick they&#39;re made from a variety of different kinds of wood and some walking sticks are made out of carbon fiber or aluminum there&#39;s no right or wrong answer to any of this it&#39;s a matter of personal preference so we&#39;re going to do quite a bit of walking um now in the peculiarities of our walks together I may have a camera in my hand so some of the walks that we would take perhaps I won&#39;t take a walking stick because I&#39;m going to have the camera on a Gimbal and so my hands will be occupied or at least one of them will be so I may use a walking stick on some of our walks if we have Ernie on the camera sure a walking stick would be great but if I&#39;m walking without a CA camera guy and I&#39;m just making a video and I&#39;m using a gimbal no walking stick will be likely doesn&#39;t matter our topic for today is a walking stick and this is the material that I&#39;ve chosen now they come in different sizes I did not pick a a fallen limb that had a lot of curve to it because a curved walking stick doesn&#39;t work very well well so you want it to be relatively straight but nature doesn&#39;t do perfectly straight nature does curves curval lineer is common totally straight not in nature you don&#39;t see it very often so these are two limbs they&#39;re dry these are redwood so they&#39;re strong not terribly hard but they&#39;re strong they&#39;re not terribly brittle they&#39;re not likely to break and they&#39;re very lightweight so that&#39;s very well suited to our needs making a walking stick you can use other woods now next it comes to the specifications of your hiking stick what you make should suit you it should suit your your build your height your characteristics it should also be a reasonable weight so how do you determine the height well it depends so let&#39;s say you&#39;re hiking on level ground then you could have a relatively short walking stick so if I was going to walk on level ground my walking stick would come to a level maybe six or 8 in above my elbow so it would be a relative ly short walking stick that&#39;s reasonable now our hikes are frequently on terrain that has quite a bit of slope to it so there&#39;s an advantage to making it longer and various people recommend the length of a walking stick to be shoulder height for terrain or maybe even up to the base of the neck there are indeed people who like their walking sticks going up to even their eye level there&#39;s no right or wrong here it&#39;s preference the most common answer for terrain is shoulder height or the base of the neck so a walking stick this high would be reasonable okay next what about the weight what about the the diameter well in terms of human grip if the diameter is very very small it&#39;s not very comfortable to grip if on the other hand it&#39;s very very big you might say well it&#39;s just too big for my grip I I want something a little smaller for average sized people a 1inch grip is common a little bigger a little smaller again it&#39;s preference this tends to suit me and this is about an inch and a quarter little more than an inch how did I know that well first of all I could be wrong but the way I estimated it is I know that my right thumb is approximately one inch wide and this looks like there&#39;s about another quarter inch or maybe a little more at this level so this this is a little bigger than an inch reasonable what about weight well the length and the diameter and the density of the wood are the three contributing features of the final weight so if you have wood that&#39;s very dense and heavy and you have a very long stick and it&#39;s very large diameter you&#39;re going to have a very heavy stick a walking stick that is super lightweight is desirable but if you set the priority to make it lightweight you may give up some of the other characteristics like the length or the diameter or the type of wood so with the Redwood we&#39;re in very good shape it&#39;s lightweight wood the height because of our terrain I&#39;m choosing shoulder height the diameter was chosen by the tree well the tree made a given diameter and then I picked up a stick that I liked so this one has a little bit more curve than I like this one is a little bigger but it&#39;s straighter so what I did is I picked them both up with the purpose of trying my technique on this one before I do this and this is common in the crafts when you&#39;re making something and you have material sometimes you do a test of the technique that you&#39;re going to apply to make sure that it works the way you expect it we&#39;re going to see that happen again and again here in the the shop videos uh where we&#39;re making something and we set it up set up the machine set up the process and then run a test and then look at it and say I think we need an adjustment or you know that worked really well let&#39;s get the real material and let&#39;s go ahead and make this thing okay so the next question is what do you have to do to one of these sticks to turn it into a walking stick well first of all you have to choose the one you want and I&#39;ve chosen this one um you have to decide which portion of the stick you want do you want this portion or do you want this portion so you have to choose the segment and then you have to make the cuts so that you determine the final length of it now this is a limit of video you can&#39;t reach through the video and feel what I am feeling but this tree limb has all sorts of broken off Twigs little pieces of wood sticking out of it and they&#39;re sharp and so this in its current state would be a terrible walking stick why well it&#39;s too long it has this flaky bark on it it doesn&#39;t look very good and it&#39;s got all these bumps all these broken off twigs and if you grip it over one of these Twigs you&#39;re going to harm your hand you&#39;re going to hurt yourself so there are many things about this that I want to change what&#39;s the list well I want to cut it to length I want to remove all the bark I want to remove all those Twigs sticking out of it so I don&#39;t hurt my hand the end that I cut off I want to shape into a knob shape or a Pummel shape um round the end down here that&#39;s going to meet the ground and when we&#39;re done we should have a pretty good walking stick this particular branch is about at the limits of size for me the trouble is if you have too big a walking stick then it&#39;s a burden to carry one and A4 PBS is a common weight for a fulllength walking stick or hiking stick you can call it a hiking stick if you like one pound one and A4 lounds perfectly reasonable but what if you have a heavier walking stick and it weighs three or four pounds well then the question for the owner is are you taking a walk are you taking a hike or are you hauling wood you know what&#39;s the point I don&#39;t want to be hauling wood I I&#39;m not going to take a log and go hiking and carry a log so I need this to be a reasonable size and so that&#39;s the process we&#39;re going to do here here now I have done a test already on this on this limb and what I tried was removing the bark by a couple of methods um I used a scraping method using an old hacksaw blade and it was not very effective I used a sander and it was not very effective but I got information if you do something in life and it doesn&#39;t really work what did you get you got information you got valuable information and we&#39;re going to come back to that time and time again if I do something and it doesn&#39;t turn out right I&#39;m not going to really worry about it I&#39;m not going to be all upset and confounded that something didn&#39;t work no it&#39;s a check that didn&#39;t work so we have to find another method for doing this so today before I started uh filming I did a test with the hacksaw scraping and it was terrible it was horrible check mark we&#39;re not going to do it that way I use the sander on the intact bark no we&#39;re not going to do it that way it didn&#39;t work it it the sander turned the the bark into little balls of bark they just rolled up and it was horrible so another check mark we&#39;re good we learned that&#39;s not a great way to do this now later when we have most of the bark off the sander will be useful to us to clean it up and smooth it out sure I&#39;m not getting rid of the sander it&#39;s just not suitable for this particular task now what I have here is a tool that you may not have in your toolbox but you might recognize it we call this a draw knife um where we got this I don&#39;t know this may go back to England or Europe uh doubt for I doubt that this was invented in the United States I just doubt it it&#39;s a very old tool uh used by uh Craftsmen to to smooth and shape wood uh draw knife is two words combined and when you pull something toward you you are drawing it toward you so this knife is designed to draw toward you or pull toward you you could have called it a pull knife I suppose but they they called it a draw knife and then this blade is a knife blade it&#39;s a two handled knife blade designed for drawing this blade is made out of high carbon steel and I&#39;ve had it for a while if I don&#39;t keep it clean if I uh don&#39;t have any wax or light oil on it it will Rust it will oxidize it will develop a patina of rust on it which you can clean off easily if you neglect a tool and you leave it under terrible conditions it can rust and be severely damaged by that this particular draw knife I bought on eBay years ago it&#39;s a green Le is made in the US uh and this it brings up an interesting topic about tools particularly relatively obscure tools Craftsmen tend to take pretty good care of their tools they buy them they use them they clean them but they&#39;re likely to take pretty good care of them so a tool that is a hundred years old may be in pretty good shape I have no idea how old this one is but it&#39;s probably older than me this is a draw knife it is ideal for removing bark from Redwood limbs for our purpose it&#39;s ideal there are other scrapers you could use this is not the only way to do it it&#39;s just the way I chose to do it now I also did a test where I stabilized the workpiece and I used the draw knife on the dry stick and it worked okay but it wasn&#39;t great so I used some common sense and I boiled some water and I poured the boiling water on the workpiece and then use the draw knife and it worked so much better the Heat and the water changed the bark so that the strips of bark that I was removing were longer and easier to come off it just worked better so we have returned with boiling water hot water I&#39;m going to put this uh other stick away from to get it out of the way and here is the workpiece that we&#39;re going to work on and I&#39;m going to pour the water onto the wood and loosen it up a bit so that the draw knife will work better so this is a utility table or a work table it&#39;s commercially available and it does what Craftsmen need done all over the world and that is you need to hold your workpiece steady so that you can do what you need to do this has some interesting features this table has a vice feature so I can crank it down but work pieces frequently are not even so you can tighten this side or this side or both in order to balance the pressure on an uneven workpiece so if your workpiece is shaped like this you can bring that jaw in at the angle and get a good grip on it so I&#39;ve taken advantage of that feature by tightening down the individual sides now I&#39;m going to use my draw knife uh to remove the bark pretty straightforward you control this angle and you let the work piece the wood and the bark ride on the side of the blade if you angle it this way this way it digs in more if you angle it away from the workpiece it Glides past it not taking anything away and then you develop a feel for how this tool is working on this material to get the desired result what I want is the Bark to come off in Long smooth strips now I&#39;m going to run in to these little twigs and they&#39;re going to come off I may just break them off as I encounter them or if they&#39;re too big I&#39;ll just leave them and take them off with a sander use a different tool if this one is not appropriate so here is the removal of the bark in Long [Applause] strips draw knives were used for a variety of operations not just a removal of bark from tree limbs but for a variety of things they were used to shape the legs of furniture legs the legs for furniture um they were used to they were used by people making barrels so a Cooper is a barrel maker and so it&#39;s it&#39;s fun you know in in the US there are families where the name is Cooper and that goes way back in time many generations where the barrel makers were called Coopers a lot of names come from the trades they come from different things that people did and it became their family name not so much in the US but in Europe and in uh uh Great Britain okay so off camera I removed the vast majority of the bark I didn&#39;t try to get it perfect because we have other tools to accomplish that task but I got rid of most of the of the bark now we need to cut it to length make some decisions about how this thing is going to be shaped I like how straight this is one of the things that Craftsmen will do if they&#39;re looking at a piece of stock a a workpiece a board something they&#39;re going to use to Fashion it is they will sight down to judge how straight it is so sighting down a board gives you uh an idea of any curve now this is not a piece of lumber from a from a hardware store this is a limb from a tree and so a curve is expected but still we can look at it and decide where the straight part of this is it looks very straight from here to here so that comports rather well with my plan so I think what I&#39;ll do this is this is about 7 in how do I know that well I don&#39;t have a ruler here but I&#39;ve got my hand and having worked in a shop over the years I have learned that my finger is roughly one inch wide and my span is roughly 9 in wide and that my arm from tip of finger to the Elbow is about 18 in so if I want to measure 18 in down I can go to here and it will be pretty close if you need Precision use a more precise measuring method sure but if you just are estimating things for your purpose at the time your hands may your be your measuring tools 1 in 9 in and this now this is a funny measurement we call it a cubit it&#39;s an ancient term and if you go back to ancient texts you hear you read about things that have been measured in cubits so many cubits by so many cubits a cubit is about a foot and a half long and of course the word foot meaning a unit of measure and the word foot meaning the bottom of your leg that you stand on that the similar in those words is not an accident because a foot has a relationship to that length of measure now is my foot 12 in long I don&#39;t think so I think it&#39;s just a little shorter than that doesn&#39;t matter you can see how this evolved over time so I have decided to cut this just short of 9 in down and the other thing I need to do is look at the work piece and there&#39;s a split so I want to make sure that when I cut this that I get the entirety of that crack I don&#39;t want to leave the crack behind to propagate and have a stick that isn&#39;t going to last or work very well you don&#39;t want to lean on your hiking stick and have it break in your own hand no now the next topic that&#39;s related here is safety so we&#39;re in a shop we&#39;re using we&#39;re going to be using a power saw um and the power saw can harm you how come well it can knock something into your eye or it can create a lot of noise and harm your hearing or you could cut your finger off so we&#39;d like to guard against any of that harm so ear protection these are external ear muffs uh and if the saw was very loud I would wear this an alternative to this would be foam rubber that you stuff in your in your ears little ear plugs and those are great for eye protection and facial protection it&#39;s hard to beat a full-fed mask you can use safety glasses the trouble is that doesn&#39;t protect the rest of your face it just protects your eyes this is a whole face mask the down side of this mask is the headband makes it relatively incompatible with these but with a little bit of ingenuity I can put them on in the back they&#39;re not really designed for that purpose but I can cover my ears so I can have eye and ear protection at the same time an alternative to this would be ear plugs and that would work so now I&#39;m [Applause] ready so if I inspect the part that is waste you can see there&#39;s a crack in the end of it but there&#39;s no crack in the cut end of it so I can assume reasonably that I have removed the split in that walking stick that we&#39;re making now height wise I&#39;ve chosen this this I&#39;ve chosen this length for this end of it so now I need to choose a overall length and because of the terrain that we hike in I&#39;m going to choose just above my shoulder so here is the spot and there&#39;s a nice feature right here that I can see so I can cut it right there there now okay so let&#39;s look where we stand I&#39;ve got a reasonable size walking stick inch and a quarter across pretty good it&#39;s not very heavy it&#39;s shoulder height if we only walked on level ground maybe I would have it only this long but I made this decision now the cool thing about this project is it&#39;s all about what we want so let&#39;s say for instance I make it this height and then I take it on a hike and and I come home and I think man that that walking stick is too heavy and too long well I just get that saw that we just used and cut it shorter and smooth it and change it and make it the way you want it so this cut is substantially perpendicular to the length of this so you could say I cut it off Square now you might know of square as a shape like that with equal length sides and 90° angles but what I mean here when I say square is that it is at a 90° angle to the axis of the stick so I cut that off relatively square but these Corners are not beautiful so I&#39;m going to smooth this into a knob shape uh or a Pummel shape Pummel uh is a word for something that you you grab with your hand um anything that you grab with your hand that&#39;s that&#39;s basically knob shaped you can call a Pummel do the same thing here and then we should be done and of course I&#39;ll report back to you okay welcome back so we have made a great deal of progress here we have shaped the end into a Pummel or Knob shape it&#39;s smooth I&#39;ve done the same thing on the lower end this measures 58 inches in length so in terms of accountability after having done this what does it weigh so I put it on the scale in ounces it weighs 21 O that&#39;s not bad so if you buy commercial walking sticks they usually weigh a pound to a pound and a qu so this is nominal then the diameter of the grip it first of all what what matters is how it feels to me gripping it and this feels great in terms of the Matrix if I hold the measuring tape over it and look at the projection it&#39;s just right at 1 and A4 in if you turn it to a narrower spot it&#39;s 1 and an e in so just just a little bigger than 1 in very reasonable for a walking stick it&#39;s nominal if the walking stick that we finished was 6 feet tall 5 in in diameter and weighed 12 lbs I would say that&#39;s not a walking stick that&#39;s a log if on the other hand the walking stick we made was 3T tall it wouldn&#39;t be useful so by having it in this range of length diameter and weight I would say this walking stick is nominal I&#39;m not saying it&#39;s ideal it&#39;s just in the range of reasonable it&#39;s nominal okay the next concept is when you finish a piece like this you would like each step of your finishing to remove the tool marks of the previous step so when I used the draw knife to take off the bark I left scratches and scrapes in the wood that were not attractive so then as I used the sanding device the orbital sander I took off the marks I took off basically all the marks made by the draw knife and then if I said well I&#39;d like this to be smoother still then I could use a finer sandpaper and the finer sandpaper would take out the marks created by the corser Sandpaper so you could depending on the material you can take the Finish to a mirror finish for our purposes it&#39;s completely unnecessary this is a walking stick this morning it was just a limb that had been shed by a redwood tree we started with something that had no cost associated with it and then we added Sweat Equity that is my ownership of this the value of this is defined by the amount of effort that I put into it I have no material costs here at all I have minimal cost for the electricity for the orbital sander um so basically this was a free walking stick and something like this on the internet might cost 50 to $150 I like it because it&#39;s a natural product that came from the woods we will use it in the woods if it were to break or no longer be necessary it can just go back into the woods it&#39;s a pie of piece of natural wood that was going to gradually deteriorate rot and get recycled by natural processes in the wood we&#39;re going to use this for a while and then depending upon what comes in the future it can get recycled in the wood okay um so at this point we have finished this project um I invite you to drop some comments in the comment section below uh things that you are concerned about questions things that you would like done different in these videos these videos are for you and they&#39;re really not about making a walking stick they&#39;re about creating language content that you find interesting so that as you watch the video and hear the language your human superpowers will bring the English language in so that you will get better and better at listening and then speaking that&#39;s it for today leave commentaries if you please see you next time a [Music]
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