1_ Translate the following legal text into colloquial Farsi 2_ Place the Persian and English text side by side in the table 3_ From the beginning to the end of the text, there should be an English sentence on the left side and a Persian sentence on the right side.
       4- Using legal language for Persian translation

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Lesson Eighteen

Word Study
burden / 'b3:dn / duty; obligation; responsibility.
The first task of the judge is to decide which party bears the burden of proof.
In civi cases, the burden of proof rests upon the plaintiff.
As a general rule, it seems wrong to impose a burden of proof on the defendant.
confer / kən'f3:(r) / to give a privilege, right, title, or degree to someone; to give as a property.
A person who is not a party to a contract may enforce it to the extent that it was intended to confer a benefit on that person.
Contract law confers power on private parties to create rights and duties between themselves.
A party to a contract may confer benefits to a third party.
dealings/ 'di:linz / trading; contacts and deals especially in business relations.
We have not had any previous dealings with this company..
Good faith is a governing principle applicable to all contracts and dealings.
The firm signed a framework agreement for future dealings.
draft/dra:ft / to make a preliminary written version of something; to shape.
A contract should be drafted for the supply of machinery.
Businesses often draft their standard forms to create practically any legal implications they like.
Where a wording is ambiguous it will be construed against those who drafted it.
forgo / 'fo:gou / to give up the enjoyment or advantage of something; to do without;to lose.
It was not necessary for them to forgo any of their rights.  
The seller prefers to forgo its right to an immediate payment.
Only few students have been compelled by low scores to forgo college education entirely.
impose / Im'pəoz / to place officially an obligation, penalty, tax,etc. on someone.
Banks may impose a small charge for encashing cheques.
The Government imposes a fine for non-compliance with the safety regula-tions.
The contract imposes an obligation on the seller to deliver the products by Friday.
inducement/In'dju:smənt/a thing that persuades someone to do something;an incentive.
There is little inducement for teachers to work harder.
This shop offers inducements to first-time buyers.
The sole inducement to the seller to give up the goods is to receive the price.
privity / 'priviti / a relation between two parties that is recognised by law.
According to the doctrine of privity of contract, only the parties to a contract can sue and be sued on it.
Is the doctrine of privity no longer a part of the modern law of contract?
Privity of contract is that connection or relationship which exists between two or more contracting parties.
purchaser / 'p3:tfəsə(r) / a person who buys;a buyer.
These prices are attractive to potential purchasers.
The purchaser must pay the price on due time.
The automobile industry is a major purchaser of steel.
vendor / 'vendə(r) / a' seller; a person selling goods or other property.
If the vendor is not ready to perform the contract, the buyer will not be required to pay.
The vendor must deliver the goods as required by the contract.
The buyer must pay the price to the vendor.

Consideration

In contract law, consideration is an inducement given to enter into a contract.  
In a contract for the sale of goods, the money paid is the consideration for the vendor, and the property sold is the consideration for the purchaser. The person seeking to enforce the promise must have paid, or bound himself to pay money, give goods, spend time in labour, or forgo some advantage or legal right. Although the law demands that on each side the consideration must be of some real value, what is paid by one need not be comparable in value to what the other party is giving. As long as there is an exchange of some kind,the courts will usually enforce the contract.
The idea that consideration must move from the promisee is very closely linked to what is called the privity rule. This rule says simply that only the parties to a contract can enforce it. It is not possible by a contract between A and B to either confer an enforceable benefit on C or impose an enforceable burden on C. For example, if I promise you that I will give some money to C if you do something for me, C cannot enforce it if I break the promise. The issue of privity is an important practical issue which quite frequently occurs in commercial dealings. It is not uncommon to see in a contract drafted by someone who is ignorant of the privity rule attempts to involve third parties