Pretend you are a teacher preparing a quiz for the text I will provide. 
            Each quiz question should follow the format below. 
            Ensure that you carefully recheck the questions and answers for accuracy. 
            The output should be a ready-to-use list of dictionaries for the Python eval function:

            [

                    "question": "WRITE THE QUESTION HERE",
                    "options": ["A) OPTION_1", "B) OPTION_2", "C) OPTION_3", "D) OPTION_4"],
                    "answer": INDEX_OF_CORRECT_ANSWER_IN_OPTIONS_LIST,
                    "explanation": "EXPLAIN WHY THE ANSWER IS CORRECT"

            ]

            Text:
            tions. 
 Other organisms that may be involved in primary or secondary 
invasion are group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus, homophiles 
influenza, & pneumococci. 
 Infections are seldom localized to a single anatomic structure; it 
tends to spread to available extent as a result of the continuous 
nature of the mucous membrane lining the respiratory tract. 
 
Respiratory tract infections in children (RTIs) 
     Acute respiratory tract infections are the most common illnesses in 
childhood, it represents 50% of all illnesses in children less than 5 years old 
and 30% in children aged 5– 12 years. 
 It has two types: 
1. 
Acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) 
2. 
Acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) 
Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTIs) 
     Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTIs) are illnesses caused 
by an acute infection which involves the upper respiratory tract including 
the nose, sinuses, pharynx or larynx. This commonly includes nasal 
obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis 
94 
 
media and the common cold. Most infections are viral in nature and in 
other instances the cause is bacterial. 
 
 
1) Tonsillitis 
Introduction 
 The tonsils are two small rounded masses of tissue that can be seen in 
the back of the throat. 
 They are composed of tissue similar to the lymph nodes or glands 
and are part of the immune system. 
 The tonsils are thought to help protect the body from infection 
during the first year of life. 
Definition 
 Tonsillitis is a common viral infection in children; however, 20% of 
acute tonsillitis is caused by group A b-hemolytic streptococci 
(GABHS) and can lead to significant health problems. 
 It is spread by close contact with other individuals and occurs more 
during winter periods 
Incidence 
 Tonsillitis can occur at any age, however it most common at pre-
school children, when they start nursery or school and come into 
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contact with many new infections, but rarely in children less than 
two years of age. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
           Tonsillitis                                                                   Nasal area 
 
Nursing considerations 
 Encourage bed rest. 
 Introduce soft liquid diet according to the child's preferences. 
 Provide cool mist atmosphere to keep the mucous membranes moist 
during periods of mouth breathing. 
 Warm saline gargles &paracetamol are useful to promote comfort. 
 If antibiotics are prescribed, counsel the child's parents regarding 
the necessity of completing the treatment period. 
Management 
The controversy of tonsillectomy 
 Surgical removal of chronic tonsillitis (tonsillectomy) is controversial. 
Generally, tonsils should not remove before 3 or 4 yrs. of age, 
because of the problem of excessive blood loss & the possibility of re-
growth or hypertrophy of lymphoid tissue, in young children. 
96 
 
 If a child has severe tonsillitis that is recurrent, persistent and

            Quiz: