System: You are an **AI challenger** tasked with providing a contrasting perspective to previous solutions. Critically analyze past attempts, offer alternative viewpoints, and present a different approach to the problem. Challenge assumptions and explore unconventional solutions.   If you need additional information, use the following format for search queries:

```search
{
  "queries": [
    "first search query",
    "second search query",
    "third search query",
    "etc"
  ]
}```

User: Query: whatis the meaning of life ?

Iteration: 2

Previous Attempts:
The question "What is the meaning of life?" is one of the most profound and enduring inquiries in human history. To provide a comprehensive answer, we'll break down the exploration into clear, logical steps, examining various perspectives and synthesizing their insights.

Step 1: Defining the Question

**Understanding the Scope**

- **Philosophical Inquiry**: The question delves into the purpose and significance of human existence.
- **Personal Reflection**: It invites individuals to consider their own beliefs, values, and goals.
- **Cultural and Societal Contexts**: Different cultures and societies may have varying interpretations of life's meaning.

**Clarifying Objectives**

- **Objective**: To explore and understand diverse perspectives on life's meaning.
- **Limitations**: Recognizing that definitive answers may be elusive due to the subjective nature of the question.

Step 2: Exploring Philosophical Perspectives

a. Existentialism

- **Core Idea**: Life inherently has no meaning, and it's up to individuals to create their own purpose.
- **Key Thinkers**: Jean-Paul Sartre, Albert Camus.
- **Implications**: Emphasizes personal freedom, responsibility, and authenticity.

b. Nihilism

- **Core Idea**: Life lacks inherent meaning, purpose, or value.
- **Key Thinkers**: Friedrich Nietzsche (though he critiqued nihilism), Jean-Paul Sartre.
- **Implications**: Can lead to feelings of despair or liberation, depending on one's response.

c. Religious and Spiritual Perspectives

- **Christianity**: Life's meaning is to glorify God and attain eternal life.
- **Buddhism**: Achieving enlightenment and escaping the cycle of rebirth.
- **Islam**: Serving and worshiping Allah to attain a place in the afterlife.
- **Hinduism**: Fulfilling one's dharma (duty) and progressing through cycles of rebirth.

d. Humanism

- **Core Idea**: Emphasizes human values and the importance of reason, ethics, and justice.
- **Key Concepts**: Secular humanism focuses on human welfare without reliance on the supernatural.
- **Implications**: Encourages personal fulfillment and contribution to society.

Step 3: Scientific and Evolutionary Perspectives

a. Evolutionary Biology

- **Core Idea**: Life's "purpose" from a biological standpoint is survival and reproduction.
- **Implications**: Traits and behaviors that enhance survival are naturally selected.
- **Limitations**: Doesn't address subjective experiences or higher-level purposes.

b. Cosmology and Astrophysics

- **Core Idea**: Life is a product of cosmic events and natural laws.
- **Implications**: Positions human existence within the vastness of the universe.
- **Limitations**: Scientific explanations explain "how" but not "why" in a philosophical sense.

Step 4: Psychological Perspectives

a. Sense of Purpose and Well-being

- **Core Idea**: Having a sense of meaning contributes to mental health and overall well-being.
- **Key Theories**:
  - **Victor Frankl's Logotherapy**: Finding meaning through suffering, work, and love.
  - **Positive Psychology**: Focuses on strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive.
- **Implications**: Encourages personal growth, resilience, and fulfillment.

Step 5: Synthesizing Perspectives

**Common Themes**

- **Search for Purpose**: Across various perspectives, there's an underlying quest to find or create purpose.
- **Personal Responsibility**: Especially in existentialism and humanism, individuals bear the responsibility of defining their own meaning.
- **Collective and Societal Roles**: Many perspectives highlight the importance of relationships, community, and contributing to the greater good.

**Diverging Views**

- **Inherent vs. Constructed Meaning**: Some believe meaning is preordained (religious perspectives), while others see it as self-created (existentialism).
- **Objective vs. Subjective**: There's debate over whether life's meaning is objective and universal or subjective and individual.

Step 6: Concluding Insights

The meaning of life is a multifaceted question that intersects philosophy, religion, science, and personal introspection. While definitive answers remain elusive, the exploration itself can lead to a deeper understanding of oneself and one's place in the universe.

**Personal Reflection**

Ultimately, the meaning of life may be a personal journey. Individuals may draw from various perspectives to construct a sense of purpose that aligns with their beliefs, experiences, and aspirations.

**Embracing Complexity**

Recognizing the complexity and diversity of interpretations can foster a more inclusive and empathetic worldview, appreciating that different paths can lead to a fulfilling and meaningful existence.

Relevant Info:
2024-09-22 05:07:48 || [{'title': 'https://plato.stanford.edu\xa0›\xa0entries › life-meaning', 'summary': 'https://plato.stanford.edu\xa0›\xa0entries › life-meaning...', 'url': 'https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/life-meaning/', 'extracted_content': 'Entry Contents Bibliography Academic Tools Friends PDF Preview Author and Citation Info Back to Top The Meaning of Life Many major historical figures in philosophy have provided an answer to\nthe question of what, if anything, makes life meaningful, although\nthey typically have not put it in these terms (with such talk having\narisen only in the past 250 years or so, on which see\xa0Landau\n1997). Consider, for instance, Aristotle on the human function,\nAquinas on the beatific vision, and Kant on the highest good.\nRelatedly, think about Koheleth, the presumed author of the Biblical\nbook Ecclesiastes, describing life as “futility” and akin\nto “the pursuit of wind,” Nietzsche on nihilism, as well\nas Schopenhauer when he remarks that whenever we reach a goal we have\nlonged for we discover “how vain and empty it is.” While\nthese concepts have some bearing on happiness and virtue (and their\nopposites), they are straightforwardly construed (roughly) as accounts\nof which highly ranked\xa0purposes\xa0a person ought to realize\nthat would make her life significant (if any would). Despite the venerable pedigree, it is only since the 1980s or so that\na distinct field of the meaning of life has been established in\nAnglo-American-Australasian philosophy, on which this survey focuses,\nand it is only in the past 20 years that debate with real depth and\nintricacy has appeared. Two decades ago analytic reflection on\nlife’s meaning was described as a “backwater”\ncompared to that on well-being or good character, and it was possible\nto cite nearly all the literature in a given critical discussion of\nthe field (Metz 2002). Neither is true any longer.\nAnglo-American-Australasian philosophy of life’s meaning has\nbecome vibrant, such that there is now way too much literature to be\nable to cite comprehensively in this survey. To obtain focus, it tends\nto discuss books, influential essays, and more recent works, and it\nleaves aside contributions from other philosophical traditions (such\nas the Continenta'}, {'title': 'https://plato.stanford.edu\xa0›\xa0archivES › FALL2017 › Entries › life-meaning', 'summary': 'https://plato.stanford.edu\xa0›\xa0archivES › FALL2017 › Entries › life-meaning...', 'url': 'https://plato.stanford.edu/archivES/FALL2017/Entries/life-meaning/', 'extracted_content': "Entry Contents Bibliography Academic Tools Friends PDF Preview Author and Citation Info Back to Top The Meaning of Life Many major historical figures in philosophy have provided an answer to\nthe question of what, if anything, makes life meaningful, although\nthey typically have not put it in these terms. Consider, for instance,\nAristotle on the human function, Aquinas on the beatific vision, and\nKant on the highest good. While these concepts have some bearing on\nhappiness and morality, they are straightforwardly construed as\naccounts of which final ends a person ought to realize in order to\nhave a life that matters. Despite the venerable pedigree, it is only\nin the last 50 years or so that something approaching a distinct field\non the meaning of life has been established in Anglo-American\nphilosophy, and it is only in the last 30 years that debate with real\ndepth has appeared. Concomitant with the demise of positivism and of\nutilitarianism in the post-war era has been the rise of analytical\nenquiry into non-hedonistic conceptions of value, including\nconceptions of meaning in life, grounded on relatively uncontroversial\n(but not certain or universally shared) judgments of cases, often\ncalled “intuitions.” English-speaking philosophers can be\nexpected to continue to find life's meaning of interest as they\nincreasingly realize that it is a distinct topic that admits of\nrational enquiry to no less a degree than more familiar ethical\ncategories such as well-being, virtuous character, and right\naction. This survey critically discusses approaches to meaning in life that \nare prominent in contemporary Anglo-American philosophical \nliterature. To provide context, sometimes it mentions other texts, \ne.g., in Continental philosophy or from before the 20 th century. However, the central aim is to acquaint the reader with \nrecent analytic work on life's meaning and to pose questions about it\nthat are currently worthy of consideration. When the topic of the meaning of life comes u"}, {'title': 'https://iep.utm.edu\xa0›\xa0mean-ana', 'summary': 'https://iep.utm.edu\xa0›\xa0mean-ana...', 'url': 'https://iep.utm.edu/mean-ana/', 'extracted_content': 'The Meaning of Life: Contemporary Analytic Perspectives Depending on whom one asks, the question, “What is the meaning of life?” is either the most profound question of human existence or else nothing more than a nonsensical request built on conceptual confusion, much like, “What does the color red taste like?” or “What is heavier than the heaviest object?” Ask a non-philosopher, “What do philosophers discuss?” and a likely answer will be, “The meaning of life.” Ask the same question of a philosopher within the analytic tradition, and you will rarely get this answer. The sources of suspicion about the question within analytic philosophy , especially in earlier periods, are varied. First, the question of life’s meaning is conceptually challenging because of terms like “the” “meaning” and “life,” and especially given the grammatical form in which they are arranged. Second, it is often asked with transcendent, spiritual, or religious assumptions at the fore about what the world “should” be like in order for there to be a meaning of life. In so far as the question is entangled with such ideas, the worry is that even if the concept of a meaning of life is coherent, there likely is not one. Despite such suspicions and relative disinterest in the question of life’s meaning among analytic philosophers for a large part of the twentieth century, there is a growing body of work on the topic over roughly the last two decades. Much of this work focuses on developing and defending theories of meaning in life (see Section 2.d. for more on the distinction between meaning in life and the meaning of life) via conceptual analyses of the necessary and sufficient conditions for meaningful life. A smaller, though no less important, subset of work in this growing field focuses on why we even use “meaning” in the first place to voice our questions and concerns about central facets of the human condition. This article surveys important trajectories in discussions of life’s meaning within co'}]
2024-09-22 05:07:48 || [{'title': 'https://plato.stanford.edu\xa0›\xa0entries › life-meaning', 'summary': 'https://plato.stanford.edu\xa0›\xa0entries › life-meaning...', 'url': 'https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/life-meaning/', 'extracted_content': 'Entry Contents Bibliography Academic Tools Friends PDF Preview Author and Citation Info Back to Top The Meaning of Life Many major historical figures in philosophy have provided an answer to\nthe question of what, if anything, makes life meaningful, although\nthey typically have not put it in these terms (with such talk having\narisen only in the past 250 years or so, on which see\xa0Landau\n1997). Consider, for instance, Aristotle on the human function,\nAquinas on the beatific vision, and Kant on the highest good.\nRelatedly, think about Koheleth, the presumed author of the Biblical\nbook Ecclesiastes, describing life as “futility” and akin\nto “the pursuit of wind,” Nietzsche on nihilism, as well\nas Schopenhauer when he remarks that whenever we reach a goal we have\nlonged for we discover “how vain and empty it is.” While\nthese concepts have some bearing on happiness and virtue (and their\nopposites), they are straightforwardly construed (roughly) as accounts\nof which highly ranked\xa0purposes\xa0a person ought to realize\nthat would make her life significant (if any would). Despite the venerable pedigree, it is only since the 1980s or so that\na distinct field of the meaning of life has been established in\nAnglo-American-Australasian philosophy, on which this survey focuses,\nand it is only in the past 20 years that debate with real depth and\nintricacy has appeared. Two decades ago analytic reflection on\nlife’s meaning was described as a “backwater”\ncompared to that on well-being or good character, and it was possible\nto cite nearly all the literature in a given critical discussion of\nthe field (Metz 2002). Neither is true any longer.\nAnglo-American-Australasian philosophy of life’s meaning has\nbecome vibrant, such that there is now way too much literature to be\nable to cite comprehensively in this survey. To obtain focus, it tends\nto discuss books, influential essays, and more recent works, and it\nleaves aside contributions from other philosophical traditions (such\nas the Continenta'}, {'title': 'https://plato.stanford.edu\xa0›\xa0archivES › FALL2017 › Entries › life-meaning', 'summary': 'https://plato.stanford.edu\xa0›\xa0archivES › FALL2017 › Entries › life-meaning...', 'url': 'https://plato.stanford.edu/archivES/FALL2017/Entries/life-meaning/', 'extracted_content': "Entry Contents Bibliography Academic Tools Friends PDF Preview Author and Citation Info Back to Top The Meaning of Life Many major historical figures in philosophy have provided an answer to\nthe question of what, if anything, makes life meaningful, although\nthey typically have not put it in these terms. Consider, for instance,\nAristotle on the human function, Aquinas on the beatific vision, and\nKant on the highest good. While these concepts have some bearing on\nhappiness and morality, they are straightforwardly construed as\naccounts of which final ends a person ought to realize in order to\nhave a life that matters. Despite the venerable pedigree, it is only\nin the last 50 years or so that something approaching a distinct field\non the meaning of life has been established in Anglo-American\nphilosophy, and it is only in the last 30 years that debate with real\ndepth has appeared. Concomitant with the demise of positivism and of\nutilitarianism in the post-war era has been the rise of analytical\nenquiry into non-hedonistic conceptions of value, including\nconceptions of meaning in life, grounded on relatively uncontroversial\n(but not certain or universally shared) judgments of cases, often\ncalled “intuitions.” English-speaking philosophers can be\nexpected to continue to find life's meaning of interest as they\nincreasingly realize that it is a distinct topic that admits of\nrational enquiry to no less a degree than more familiar ethical\ncategories such as well-being, virtuous character, and right\naction. This survey critically discusses approaches to meaning in life that \nare prominent in contemporary Anglo-American philosophical \nliterature. To provide context, sometimes it mentions other texts, \ne.g., in Continental philosophy or from before the 20 th century. However, the central aim is to acquaint the reader with \nrecent analytic work on life's meaning and to pose questions about it\nthat are currently worthy of consideration. When the topic of the meaning of life comes u"}, {'title': 'https://iep.utm.edu\xa0›\xa0mean-ana', 'summary': 'https://iep.utm.edu\xa0›\xa0mean-ana...', 'url': 'https://iep.utm.edu/mean-ana/', 'extracted_content': 'The Meaning of Life: Contemporary Analytic Perspectives Depending on whom one asks, the question, “What is the meaning of life?” is either the most profound question of human existence or else nothing more than a nonsensical request built on conceptual confusion, much like, “What does the color red taste like?” or “What is heavier than the heaviest object?” Ask a non-philosopher, “What do philosophers discuss?” and a likely answer will be, “The meaning of life.” Ask the same question of a philosopher within the analytic tradition, and you will rarely get this answer. The sources of suspicion about the question within analytic philosophy , especially in earlier periods, are varied. First, the question of life’s meaning is conceptually challenging because of terms like “the” “meaning” and “life,” and especially given the grammatical form in which they are arranged. Second, it is often asked with transcendent, spiritual, or religious assumptions at the fore about what the world “should” be like in order for there to be a meaning of life. In so far as the question is entangled with such ideas, the worry is that even if the concept of a meaning of life is coherent, there likely is not one. Despite such suspicions and relative disinterest in the question of life’s meaning among analytic philosophers for a large part of the twentieth century, there is a growing body of work on the topic over roughly the last two decades. Much of this work focuses on developing and defending theories of meaning in life (see Section 2.d. for more on the distinction between meaning in life and the meaning of life) via conceptual analyses of the necessary and sufficient conditions for meaningful life. A smaller, though no less important, subset of work in this growing field focuses on why we even use “meaning” in the first place to voice our questions and concerns about central facets of the human condition. This article surveys important trajectories in discussions of life’s meaning within co'}]
2024-09-22 05:07:48 || [{'title': 'https://plato.stanford.edu\xa0›\xa0entries › life-meaning', 'summary': 'https://plato.stanford.edu\xa0›\xa0entries › life-meaning...', 'url': 'https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/life-meaning/', 'extracted_content': 'Entry Contents Bibliography Academic Tools Friends PDF Preview Author and Citation Info Back to Top The Meaning of Life Many major historical figures in philosophy have provided an answer to\nthe question of what, if anything, makes life meaningful, although\nthey typically have not put it in these terms (with such talk having\narisen only in the past 250 years or so, on which see\xa0Landau\n1997). Consider, for instance, Aristotle on the human function,\nAquinas on the beatific vision, and Kant on the highest good.\nRelatedly, think about Koheleth, the presumed author of the Biblical\nbook Ecclesiastes, describing life as “futility” and akin\nto “the pursuit of wind,” Nietzsche on nihilism, as well\nas Schopenhauer when he remarks that whenever we reach a goal we have\nlonged for we discover “how vain and empty it is.” While\nthese concepts have some bearing on happiness and virtue (and their\nopposites), they are straightforwardly construed (roughly) as accounts\nof which highly ranked\xa0purposes\xa0a person ought to realize\nthat would make her life significant (if any would). Despite the venerable pedigree, it is only since the 1980s or so that\na distinct field of the meaning of life has been established in\nAnglo-American-Australasian philosophy, on which this survey focuses,\nand it is only in the past 20 years that debate with real depth and\nintricacy has appeared. Two decades ago analytic reflection on\nlife’s meaning was described as a “backwater”\ncompared to that on well-being or good character, and it was possible\nto cite nearly all the literature in a given critical discussion of\nthe field (Metz 2002). Neither is true any longer.\nAnglo-American-Australasian philosophy of life’s meaning has\nbecome vibrant, such that there is now way too much literature to be\nable to cite comprehensively in this survey. To obtain focus, it tends\nto discuss books, influential essays, and more recent works, and it\nleaves aside contributions from other philosophical traditions (such\nas the Continenta'}, {'title': 'https://plato.stanford.edu\xa0›\xa0archivES › FALL2017 › Entries › life-meaning', 'summary': 'https://plato.stanford.edu\xa0›\xa0archivES › FALL2017 › Entries › life-meaning...', 'url': 'https://plato.stanford.edu/archivES/FALL2017/Entries/life-meaning/', 'extracted_content': "Entry Contents Bibliography Academic Tools Friends PDF Preview Author and Citation Info Back to Top The Meaning of Life Many major historical figures in philosophy have provided an answer to\nthe question of what, if anything, makes life meaningful, although\nthey typically have not put it in these terms. Consider, for instance,\nAristotle on the human function, Aquinas on the beatific vision, and\nKant on the highest good. While these concepts have some bearing on\nhappiness and morality, they are straightforwardly construed as\naccounts of which final ends a person ought to realize in order to\nhave a life that matters. Despite the venerable pedigree, it is only\nin the last 50 years or so that something approaching a distinct field\non the meaning of life has been established in Anglo-American\nphilosophy, and it is only in the last 30 years that debate with real\ndepth has appeared. Concomitant with the demise of positivism and of\nutilitarianism in the post-war era has been the rise of analytical\nenquiry into non-hedonistic conceptions of value, including\nconceptions of meaning in life, grounded on relatively uncontroversial\n(but not certain or universally shared) judgments of cases, often\ncalled “intuitions.” English-speaking philosophers can be\nexpected to continue to find life's meaning of interest as they\nincreasingly realize that it is a distinct topic that admits of\nrational enquiry to no less a degree than more familiar ethical\ncategories such as well-being, virtuous character, and right\naction. This survey critically discusses approaches to meaning in life that \nare prominent in contemporary Anglo-American philosophical \nliterature. To provide context, sometimes it mentions other texts, \ne.g., in Continental philosophy or from before the 20 th century. However, the central aim is to acquaint the reader with \nrecent analytic work on life's meaning and to pose questions about it\nthat are currently worthy of consideration. When the topic of the meaning of life comes u"}, {'title': 'https://iep.utm.edu\xa0›\xa0mean-ana', 'summary': 'https://iep.utm.edu\xa0›\xa0mean-ana...', 'url': 'https://iep.utm.edu/mean-ana/', 'extracted_content': 'The Meaning of Life: Contemporary Analytic Perspectives Depending on whom one asks, the question, “What is the meaning of life?” is either the most profound question of human existence or else nothing more than a nonsensical request built on conceptual confusion, much like, “What does the color red taste like?” or “What is heavier than the heaviest object?” Ask a non-philosopher, “What do philosophers discuss?” and a likely answer will be, “The meaning of life.” Ask the same question of a philosopher within the analytic tradition, and you will rarely get this answer. The sources of suspicion about the question within analytic philosophy , especially in earlier periods, are varied. First, the question of life’s meaning is conceptually challenging because of terms like “the” “meaning” and “life,” and especially given the grammatical form in which they are arranged. Second, it is often asked with transcendent, spiritual, or religious assumptions at the fore about what the world “should” be like in order for there to be a meaning of life. In so far as the question is entangled with such ideas, the worry is that even if the concept of a meaning of life is coherent, there likely is not one. Despite such suspicions and relative disinterest in the question of life’s meaning among analytic philosophers for a large part of the twentieth century, there is a growing body of work on the topic over roughly the last two decades. Much of this work focuses on developing and defending theories of meaning in life (see Section 2.d. for more on the distinction between meaning in life and the meaning of life) via conceptual analyses of the necessary and sufficient conditions for meaningful life. A smaller, though no less important, subset of work in this growing field focuses on why we even use “meaning” in the first place to voice our questions and concerns about central facets of the human condition. This article surveys important trajectories in discussions of life’s meaning within co'}]
2024-09-22 05:08:24 || [{'title': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\xa0›\xa0pmc › articles › PMC4580713', 'summary': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\xa0›\xa0pmc › articles › PMC4580713...', 'url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4580713/', 'extracted_content': 'Journal List Springer PMC4580713 The Role of Meaning in Life Within the Relations of Religious Coping and Psychological Well-Being Dariusz Krok Institute of Family Sciences, Opole University, ul. Drzymały 1a, 35-342 Opole, Poland Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine whether meaning in life understood in terms of presence, search, and personal meaning is a mediator in the relationships between religious coping and psychological well-being. Associations of religiousness and psychological well-being are complex and suggest the existence of meaning and purpose in their internal structures. Two studies were conducted. In Study 1, presence of meaning in life was a mediator between negative coping and psychological well-being in the scope of a total score and all its dimensions. Search for meaning in life did not mediate the above relations. In Study 2, personal meaning turned out to be a partial mediator between negative coping and psychological well-being. These findings suggest that meaning in life is a crucial element of religious coping and psychological well-being that is used by people as a part of their meaning system to cope with life’s difficulties and challenges. Introduction Conceptualizing Meaning in Life One of the factors that affect human functioning is meaning in life. Many psychologists consider it to be a vital part of mental processes and behaviour (Frankl 1979 ; Steger 2012 ; Wong 1998 ). It enables individuals to interpret and organize their daily experience, achieve goals, and categorize important objects. Despite widespread agreement regarding the importance of meaning in life, defining it poses a challenge from both a theoretical and empirical point of view. Frankl ( 1965 ) in his theory of meaning proposed that each person has some unique purpose or overarching aim for their lives and tries to actualize as many values as possible in their community. Baumeister ( 1991 ) emphasizes that meaning in life depends on purpose, efficacy, valu'}, {'title': 'https://www.cambridge.org\xa0›\xa0core › books › religion-and-the-meaning-of-life › 2C118CBF40B68F288B9010457F78571E', 'summary': 'https://www.cambridge.org\xa0›\xa0core › books › religion-and-the-meaning-of-life › 2C118CBF40B68F288B9010457F78571E...', 'url': 'https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/religion-and-the-meaning-of-life/2C118CBF40B68F288B9010457F78571E', 'extracted_content': 'Our systems are now restored following recent technical disruption, and we’re working hard to catch up on publishing. We apologise for the inconvenience caused. Find out more: https://www.cambridge.org/universitypress/about-us/news-and-blogs/cambridge-university-press-publishing-update-following-technical-disruption We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings . Login Alert Browse Services Open research < Back to search results Home Books Religion and the Meaning of Life Religion and the Meaning of\xa0Life An Existential\xa0Approach Get access Buy a print copy Check if you have access via personal or institutional login Log in Register Get access Buy a print copy Check if you have access via personal or institutional login Log in Register Cited by 5 Cited by 5 Crossref Citations This Book has been\ncited by the following publications. This list is generated based on data provided by Crossref . Metz, Thaddeus\n2021. Comparing the Meaningfulness of Finite and Infinite Lives: Can We Reap What We Sow if We Are Immortal? .\nRoyal Institute of Philosophy Supplement,\nVol. 90,\nIssue. ,\np.\n105. CrossRef Google Scholar Searle, Joshua\n2021. Towards a Theology of Dignity and Freedom: Existentialism and the Prospects for Reform of Protestant Witness to Post-Soviet Society .\nTheological Reflections: Eastern European Journal of Theology,\nVol. 19,\nIssue. 2,\np.\n31. CrossRef Google Scholar Metz, Thaddeus\n2021. Supernaturalist analytic existentialism: Critical notice of Clifford Williams’ Religion and the meaning of life .\nInternational Journal for Philosophy of Religion,\nVol. 89,\nIssue. 2,\np.\n189. CrossRef Google Scholar Singh, Asheel\n2023. What if God was all of us? Why the definition of ‘God’ matters in analytic discussions of meaning in life .\nReligious Studies,\np.\n1. CrossRef Google Scholar Cottingham, John\n2024. The Humane Perspective . Cr'}, {'title': 'https://www.reviewofreligions.org\xa0›\xa038240 › world-faiths-the-purpose-of-life', 'summary': 'https://www.reviewofreligions.org\xa0›\xa038240 › world-faiths-the-purpose-of-life...', 'url': 'https://www.reviewofreligions.org/38240/world-faiths-the-purpose-of-life/', 'extracted_content': 'World Faiths  – The Purpose of Life \xad\xad\xad\xad And I have not created the Jinn and the men but that they may worship Me. Islam, The Holy Qur’an, 51:57 I was a hidden treasure, yet I wished to be known. So, I created the creation and made Myself known to them, and so they came to know Me. Islam, The Holy Prophet (sa), Hadith-e-Qudsi of Al-Futuhat al-Makkiyyah Whether anyone comprehends that purpose or not, without doubt the purpose of man’s creation is the worship and understanding of God Almighty and to lose himself in Him. Islam, the Promised Messiah (as), The Essence of Islam , Vol. II, p. 461 All that God created in His world He created only for His glory, as it is said, ‘everyone who is called by my name, whom I created for my glory, whom I formed and made.’ (Isaiah 43:7). Judaism, Mishnah, Abot, 6:11 For us there is one God, the Father, from whom are all things and for whom we exist. Christianity, The Bible, 1 Corinthians, 8:6 Fear God, and keep his commandments; for that is the whole duty of everyone.\xa0For God will bring every deed into judgment, including every secret thing, whether good or evil. Christianity, The Bible, Ecclesiastes 12:13-14 O Lord of all, hail unto Thee! The Soul of all, causing all acts, Enjoying all, all life art Thou! Lord of all pleasure and delight! Hinduism, Maitri Upanishad, 5:1 How then to become true to the Creator? How to demolish the wall of illusion? Through obedience to His Ordinance and Will. Sikhism, Adi Granth, Japuji 1, M.1, P. 1 Then did I recognise Thee in mind, to be the first and the last, O Lord, Father of good thought, when I apprehended Thee in my eye, True Creator of right, the Lord over the actions of life! Zoroastrianism. Avesta, Yasna 31.8 Related posts: World Faiths: The One The Concept of the Awaited Messiah in World Faiths World Religions: Honesty World Faiths – Compassion World Faiths – Purity Places of Worship – Al-Aqsa Mosque World Faiths  – Unity and Togetherness Cancel reply Comment Name * Email * Website   Δ Wo'}]
2024-09-22 05:08:24 || [{'title': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\xa0›\xa0pmc › articles › PMC4580713', 'summary': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\xa0›\xa0pmc › articles › PMC4580713...', 'url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4580713/', 'extracted_content': 'Journal List Springer PMC4580713 The Role of Meaning in Life Within the Relations of Religious Coping and Psychological Well-Being Dariusz Krok Institute of Family Sciences, Opole University, ul. Drzymały 1a, 35-342 Opole, Poland Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine whether meaning in life understood in terms of presence, search, and personal meaning is a mediator in the relationships between religious coping and psychological well-being. Associations of religiousness and psychological well-being are complex and suggest the existence of meaning and purpose in their internal structures. Two studies were conducted. In Study 1, presence of meaning in life was a mediator between negative coping and psychological well-being in the scope of a total score and all its dimensions. Search for meaning in life did not mediate the above relations. In Study 2, personal meaning turned out to be a partial mediator between negative coping and psychological well-being. These findings suggest that meaning in life is a crucial element of religious coping and psychological well-being that is used by people as a part of their meaning system to cope with life’s difficulties and challenges. Introduction Conceptualizing Meaning in Life One of the factors that affect human functioning is meaning in life. Many psychologists consider it to be a vital part of mental processes and behaviour (Frankl 1979 ; Steger 2012 ; Wong 1998 ). It enables individuals to interpret and organize their daily experience, achieve goals, and categorize important objects. Despite widespread agreement regarding the importance of meaning in life, defining it poses a challenge from both a theoretical and empirical point of view. Frankl ( 1965 ) in his theory of meaning proposed that each person has some unique purpose or overarching aim for their lives and tries to actualize as many values as possible in their community. Baumeister ( 1991 ) emphasizes that meaning in life depends on purpose, efficacy, valu'}, {'title': 'https://www.cambridge.org\xa0›\xa0core › books › religion-and-the-meaning-of-life › 2C118CBF40B68F288B9010457F78571E', 'summary': 'https://www.cambridge.org\xa0›\xa0core › books › religion-and-the-meaning-of-life › 2C118CBF40B68F288B9010457F78571E...', 'url': 'https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/religion-and-the-meaning-of-life/2C118CBF40B68F288B9010457F78571E', 'extracted_content': 'Our systems are now restored following recent technical disruption, and we’re working hard to catch up on publishing. We apologise for the inconvenience caused. Find out more: https://www.cambridge.org/universitypress/about-us/news-and-blogs/cambridge-university-press-publishing-update-following-technical-disruption We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings . Login Alert Browse Services Open research < Back to search results Home Books Religion and the Meaning of Life Religion and the Meaning of\xa0Life An Existential\xa0Approach Get access Buy a print copy Check if you have access via personal or institutional login Log in Register Get access Buy a print copy Check if you have access via personal or institutional login Log in Register Cited by 5 Cited by 5 Crossref Citations This Book has been\ncited by the following publications. This list is generated based on data provided by Crossref . Metz, Thaddeus\n2021. Comparing the Meaningfulness of Finite and Infinite Lives: Can We Reap What We Sow if We Are Immortal? .\nRoyal Institute of Philosophy Supplement,\nVol. 90,\nIssue. ,\np.\n105. CrossRef Google Scholar Searle, Joshua\n2021. Towards a Theology of Dignity and Freedom: Existentialism and the Prospects for Reform of Protestant Witness to Post-Soviet Society .\nTheological Reflections: Eastern European Journal of Theology,\nVol. 19,\nIssue. 2,\np.\n31. CrossRef Google Scholar Metz, Thaddeus\n2021. Supernaturalist analytic existentialism: Critical notice of Clifford Williams’ Religion and the meaning of life .\nInternational Journal for Philosophy of Religion,\nVol. 89,\nIssue. 2,\np.\n189. CrossRef Google Scholar Singh, Asheel\n2023. What if God was all of us? Why the definition of ‘God’ matters in analytic discussions of meaning in life .\nReligious Studies,\np.\n1. CrossRef Google Scholar Cottingham, John\n2024. The Humane Perspective . Cr'}, {'title': 'https://www.reviewofreligions.org\xa0›\xa038240 › world-faiths-the-purpose-of-life', 'summary': 'https://www.reviewofreligions.org\xa0›\xa038240 › world-faiths-the-purpose-of-life...', 'url': 'https://www.reviewofreligions.org/38240/world-faiths-the-purpose-of-life/', 'extracted_content': 'World Faiths  – The Purpose of Life \xad\xad\xad\xad And I have not created the Jinn and the men but that they may worship Me. Islam, The Holy Qur’an, 51:57 I was a hidden treasure, yet I wished to be known. So, I created the creation and made Myself known to them, and so they came to know Me. Islam, The Holy Prophet (sa), Hadith-e-Qudsi of Al-Futuhat al-Makkiyyah Whether anyone comprehends that purpose or not, without doubt the purpose of man’s creation is the worship and understanding of God Almighty and to lose himself in Him. Islam, the Promised Messiah (as), The Essence of Islam , Vol. II, p. 461 All that God created in His world He created only for His glory, as it is said, ‘everyone who is called by my name, whom I created for my glory, whom I formed and made.’ (Isaiah 43:7). Judaism, Mishnah, Abot, 6:11 For us there is one God, the Father, from whom are all things and for whom we exist. Christianity, The Bible, 1 Corinthians, 8:6 Fear God, and keep his commandments; for that is the whole duty of everyone.\xa0For God will bring every deed into judgment, including every secret thing, whether good or evil. Christianity, The Bible, Ecclesiastes 12:13-14 O Lord of all, hail unto Thee! The Soul of all, causing all acts, Enjoying all, all life art Thou! Lord of all pleasure and delight! Hinduism, Maitri Upanishad, 5:1 How then to become true to the Creator? How to demolish the wall of illusion? Through obedience to His Ordinance and Will. Sikhism, Adi Granth, Japuji 1, M.1, P. 1 Then did I recognise Thee in mind, to be the first and the last, O Lord, Father of good thought, when I apprehended Thee in my eye, True Creator of right, the Lord over the actions of life! Zoroastrianism. Avesta, Yasna 31.8 Related posts: World Faiths: The One The Concept of the Awaited Messiah in World Faiths World Religions: Honesty World Faiths – Compassion World Faiths – Purity Places of Worship – Al-Aqsa Mosque World Faiths  – Unity and Togetherness Cancel reply Comment Name * Email * Website   Δ Wo'}]
2024-09-22 05:08:24 || [{'title': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\xa0›\xa0pmc › articles › PMC4580713', 'summary': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\xa0›\xa0pmc › articles › PMC4580713...', 'url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4580713/', 'extracted_content': 'Journal List Springer PMC4580713 The Role of Meaning in Life Within the Relations of Religious Coping and Psychological Well-Being Dariusz Krok Institute of Family Sciences, Opole University, ul. Drzymały 1a, 35-342 Opole, Poland Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine whether meaning in life understood in terms of presence, search, and personal meaning is a mediator in the relationships between religious coping and psychological well-being. Associations of religiousness and psychological well-being are complex and suggest the existence of meaning and purpose in their internal structures. Two studies were conducted. In Study 1, presence of meaning in life was a mediator between negative coping and psychological well-being in the scope of a total score and all its dimensions. Search for meaning in life did not mediate the above relations. In Study 2, personal meaning turned out to be a partial mediator between negative coping and psychological well-being. These findings suggest that meaning in life is a crucial element of religious coping and psychological well-being that is used by people as a part of their meaning system to cope with life’s difficulties and challenges. Introduction Conceptualizing Meaning in Life One of the factors that affect human functioning is meaning in life. Many psychologists consider it to be a vital part of mental processes and behaviour (Frankl 1979 ; Steger 2012 ; Wong 1998 ). It enables individuals to interpret and organize their daily experience, achieve goals, and categorize important objects. Despite widespread agreement regarding the importance of meaning in life, defining it poses a challenge from both a theoretical and empirical point of view. Frankl ( 1965 ) in his theory of meaning proposed that each person has some unique purpose or overarching aim for their lives and tries to actualize as many values as possible in their community. Baumeister ( 1991 ) emphasizes that meaning in life depends on purpose, efficacy, valu'}, {'title': 'https://www.cambridge.org\xa0›\xa0core › books › religion-and-the-meaning-of-life › 2C118CBF40B68F288B9010457F78571E', 'summary': 'https://www.cambridge.org\xa0›\xa0core › books › religion-and-the-meaning-of-life › 2C118CBF40B68F288B9010457F78571E...', 'url': 'https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/religion-and-the-meaning-of-life/2C118CBF40B68F288B9010457F78571E', 'extracted_content': 'Our systems are now restored following recent technical disruption, and we’re working hard to catch up on publishing. We apologise for the inconvenience caused. Find out more: https://www.cambridge.org/universitypress/about-us/news-and-blogs/cambridge-university-press-publishing-update-following-technical-disruption We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings . Login Alert Browse Services Open research < Back to search results Home Books Religion and the Meaning of Life Religion and the Meaning of\xa0Life An Existential\xa0Approach Get access Buy a print copy Check if you have access via personal or institutional login Log in Register Get access Buy a print copy Check if you have access via personal or institutional login Log in Register Cited by 5 Cited by 5 Crossref Citations This Book has been\ncited by the following publications. This list is generated based on data provided by Crossref . Metz, Thaddeus\n2021. Comparing the Meaningfulness of Finite and Infinite Lives: Can We Reap What We Sow if We Are Immortal? .\nRoyal Institute of Philosophy Supplement,\nVol. 90,\nIssue. ,\np.\n105. CrossRef Google Scholar Searle, Joshua\n2021. Towards a Theology of Dignity and Freedom: Existentialism and the Prospects for Reform of Protestant Witness to Post-Soviet Society .\nTheological Reflections: Eastern European Journal of Theology,\nVol. 19,\nIssue. 2,\np.\n31. CrossRef Google Scholar Metz, Thaddeus\n2021. Supernaturalist analytic existentialism: Critical notice of Clifford Williams’ Religion and the meaning of life .\nInternational Journal for Philosophy of Religion,\nVol. 89,\nIssue. 2,\np.\n189. CrossRef Google Scholar Singh, Asheel\n2023. What if God was all of us? Why the definition of ‘God’ matters in analytic discussions of meaning in life .\nReligious Studies,\np.\n1. CrossRef Google Scholar Cottingham, John\n2024. The Humane Perspective . Cr'}, {'title': 'https://www.reviewofreligions.org\xa0›\xa038240 › world-faiths-the-purpose-of-life', 'summary': 'https://www.reviewofreligions.org\xa0›\xa038240 › world-faiths-the-purpose-of-life...', 'url': 'https://www.reviewofreligions.org/38240/world-faiths-the-purpose-of-life/', 'extracted_content': 'World Faiths  – The Purpose of Life \xad\xad\xad\xad And I have not created the Jinn and the men but that they may worship Me. Islam, The Holy Qur’an, 51:57 I was a hidden treasure, yet I wished to be known. So, I created the creation and made Myself known to them, and so they came to know Me. Islam, The Holy Prophet (sa), Hadith-e-Qudsi of Al-Futuhat al-Makkiyyah Whether anyone comprehends that purpose or not, without doubt the purpose of man’s creation is the worship and understanding of God Almighty and to lose himself in Him. Islam, the Promised Messiah (as), The Essence of Islam , Vol. II, p. 461 All that God created in His world He created only for His glory, as it is said, ‘everyone who is called by my name, whom I created for my glory, whom I formed and made.’ (Isaiah 43:7). Judaism, Mishnah, Abot, 6:11 For us there is one God, the Father, from whom are all things and for whom we exist. Christianity, The Bible, 1 Corinthians, 8:6 Fear God, and keep his commandments; for that is the whole duty of everyone.\xa0For God will bring every deed into judgment, including every secret thing, whether good or evil. Christianity, The Bible, Ecclesiastes 12:13-14 O Lord of all, hail unto Thee! The Soul of all, causing all acts, Enjoying all, all life art Thou! Lord of all pleasure and delight! Hinduism, Maitri Upanishad, 5:1 How then to become true to the Creator? How to demolish the wall of illusion? Through obedience to His Ordinance and Will. Sikhism, Adi Granth, Japuji 1, M.1, P. 1 Then did I recognise Thee in mind, to be the first and the last, O Lord, Father of good thought, when I apprehended Thee in my eye, True Creator of right, the Lord over the actions of life! Zoroastrianism. Avesta, Yasna 31.8 Related posts: World Faiths: The One The Concept of the Awaited Messiah in World Faiths World Religions: Honesty World Faiths – Compassion World Faiths – Purity Places of Worship – Al-Aqsa Mosque World Faiths  – Unity and Togetherness Cancel reply Comment Name * Email * Website   Δ Wo'}]
2024-09-22 05:09:00 || [{'title': 'https://www.researchgate.net\xa0›\xa0publication › 275714529_Finding_Meaning_in_Psychology', 'summary': 'https://www.researchgate.net\xa0›\xa0publication › 275714529_Finding_Meaning_in_Psychology...', 'url': 'https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275714529_Finding_Meaning_in_Psychology', 'extracted_content': 'www.researchgate.net Nous vérifions que vous êtes humain. Cette opération peut prendre quelques secondes.'}, {'title': 'https://link.springer.com\xa0›\xa0chapter › 10.1007 › 978-1-4939-0308-5_10', 'summary': 'https://link.springer.com\xa0›\xa0chapter › 10.1007 › 978-1-4939-0308-5_10...', 'url': 'https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4939-0308-5_10', 'extracted_content': 'Paul T. P. Wong 3 , 4 5901 Accesses 5901 Accesses 50 Citations 50 Citations 10 Altmetric 10 Altmetric Abstract The main purpose of this chapter is to introduce Viktor Frankl’s logotherapy to the twenty-first century, especially to positive psychologists interested in meaning research and applications. Frankl’s radically positive message of re-humanizing psychotherapy is much needed in the current technological culture. More specifically, I explain the basic assumptions of logotherapy and translate them into a testable meaning-seeking model to facilitate meaning research and intervention. This model consists of five hypotheses: (1) The Self-Transcendence Hypothesis: The will to meaning is a spiritual and primary motivation for self-transcendence; thus, it predicts that spiritual pathways (e.g., spiritual care, self-transcendence) will enhance meaning in life and well-being, even when other pathways to well-being are not available. (2) The Ultimate Meaning Hypothesis: It predicts that belief in the intrinsic meaning and value of life, regardless of circumstances, is more functional than alternative global beliefs. It also predicts that belief in ultimate meaning facilitates the discovery of meaning of the moment. (3) The Meaning Mindset Hypothesis: A meaning mindset, as compared to the success mindset, leads to greater meaningfulness, compassion, moral excellence, eudaemonic happiness, and resilience. (4) The Freedom of Will Hypothesis: People who believe in the inherent human capacity for freedom and responsibility, regardless of circumstances, will show higher autonomy and authenticity than those without such beliefs. (5) The Value Hypothesis of Discovering Meaning: Meaning is more likely to be discovered through creative, experiential, and attitudinal values that are motivated by self-transcendence rather than by self-interest. Together, they capture the complexity and centrality of meaning seeking in healing and well-being. In sum, Viktor Frankl emphasizes the nee'}, {'title': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\xa0›\xa016594836', 'summary': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\xa0›\xa016594836...', 'url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16594836/', 'extracted_content': 'An official website of the United States government The .gov means it’s official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before\n            sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal\n            government site. The site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the\n            official website and that any information you provide is encrypted\n            and transmitted securely. Dashboard Publications Account settings Log out Clipboard My Bibliography Collections Citation manager Save citation to file Email citation Add to Collections Create a new collection Add to an existing collection Add to My Bibliography My Bibliography Your saved search Yes No Create a file for external citation management software Your RSS Feed Full text links Actions Create a new collection Add to an existing collection Share   Permalink Copy Page navigation Title & authors Abstract Similar articles Cited by Publication types MeSH terms Related information LinkOut - more resources Search in PubMed Search in NLM Catalog Add to Search Finding "meaning" in psychology: a lay theories approach to self-regulation, social perception, and social development Affiliation 1 Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. <PRESIDIO_ANONYMIZED_EMAIL_ADDRESS> PMID: 16594836 DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.61.3.192 Finding "meaning" in psychology: a lay theories approach to self-regulation, social perception, and social development Search in PubMed Search in NLM Catalog Add to Search Authors Affiliation 1 Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. <PRESIDIO_ANONYMIZED_EMAIL_ADDRESS> PMID: 16594836 DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.61.3.192 Abstract Much of psychology focuses on universal principles of thought and action. Although an extremely productive pursuit, this approach, by describing only the "average person," risks describing no one in particular. This article discusses an alternate approach that complements interests in univers'}]
2024-09-22 05:09:00 || [{'title': 'https://www.researchgate.net\xa0›\xa0publication › 275714529_Finding_Meaning_in_Psychology', 'summary': 'https://www.researchgate.net\xa0›\xa0publication › 275714529_Finding_Meaning_in_Psychology...', 'url': 'https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275714529_Finding_Meaning_in_Psychology', 'extracted_content': 'www.researchgate.net Nous vérifions que vous êtes humain. Cette opération peut prendre quelques secondes.'}, {'title': 'https://link.springer.com\xa0›\xa0chapter › 10.1007 › 978-1-4939-0308-5_10', 'summary': 'https://link.springer.com\xa0›\xa0chapter › 10.1007 › 978-1-4939-0308-5_10...', 'url': 'https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4939-0308-5_10', 'extracted_content': 'Paul T. P. Wong 3 , 4 5901 Accesses 5901 Accesses 50 Citations 50 Citations 10 Altmetric 10 Altmetric Abstract The main purpose of this chapter is to introduce Viktor Frankl’s logotherapy to the twenty-first century, especially to positive psychologists interested in meaning research and applications. Frankl’s radically positive message of re-humanizing psychotherapy is much needed in the current technological culture. More specifically, I explain the basic assumptions of logotherapy and translate them into a testable meaning-seeking model to facilitate meaning research and intervention. This model consists of five hypotheses: (1) The Self-Transcendence Hypothesis: The will to meaning is a spiritual and primary motivation for self-transcendence; thus, it predicts that spiritual pathways (e.g., spiritual care, self-transcendence) will enhance meaning in life and well-being, even when other pathways to well-being are not available. (2) The Ultimate Meaning Hypothesis: It predicts that belief in the intrinsic meaning and value of life, regardless of circumstances, is more functional than alternative global beliefs. It also predicts that belief in ultimate meaning facilitates the discovery of meaning of the moment. (3) The Meaning Mindset Hypothesis: A meaning mindset, as compared to the success mindset, leads to greater meaningfulness, compassion, moral excellence, eudaemonic happiness, and resilience. (4) The Freedom of Will Hypothesis: People who believe in the inherent human capacity for freedom and responsibility, regardless of circumstances, will show higher autonomy and authenticity than those without such beliefs. (5) The Value Hypothesis of Discovering Meaning: Meaning is more likely to be discovered through creative, experiential, and attitudinal values that are motivated by self-transcendence rather than by self-interest. Together, they capture the complexity and centrality of meaning seeking in healing and well-being. In sum, Viktor Frankl emphasizes the nee'}, {'title': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\xa0›\xa016594836', 'summary': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\xa0›\xa016594836...', 'url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16594836/', 'extracted_content': 'An official website of the United States government The .gov means it’s official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before\n            sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal\n            government site. The site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the\n            official website and that any information you provide is encrypted\n            and transmitted securely. Dashboard Publications Account settings Log out Clipboard My Bibliography Collections Citation manager Save citation to file Email citation Add to Collections Create a new collection Add to an existing collection Add to My Bibliography My Bibliography Your saved search Yes No Create a file for external citation management software Your RSS Feed Full text links Actions Create a new collection Add to an existing collection Share   Permalink Copy Page navigation Title & authors Abstract Similar articles Cited by Publication types MeSH terms Related information LinkOut - more resources Search in PubMed Search in NLM Catalog Add to Search Finding "meaning" in psychology: a lay theories approach to self-regulation, social perception, and social development Affiliation 1 Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. <PRESIDIO_ANONYMIZED_EMAIL_ADDRESS> PMID: 16594836 DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.61.3.192 Finding "meaning" in psychology: a lay theories approach to self-regulation, social perception, and social development Search in PubMed Search in NLM Catalog Add to Search Authors Affiliation 1 Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. <PRESIDIO_ANONYMIZED_EMAIL_ADDRESS> PMID: 16594836 DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.61.3.192 Abstract Much of psychology focuses on universal principles of thought and action. Although an extremely productive pursuit, this approach, by describing only the "average person," risks describing no one in particular. This article discusses an alternate approach that complements interests in univers'}]
2024-09-22 05:09:00 || [{'title': 'https://www.researchgate.net\xa0›\xa0publication › 275714529_Finding_Meaning_in_Psychology', 'summary': 'https://www.researchgate.net\xa0›\xa0publication › 275714529_Finding_Meaning_in_Psychology...', 'url': 'https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275714529_Finding_Meaning_in_Psychology', 'extracted_content': 'www.researchgate.net Nous vérifions que vous êtes humain. Cette opération peut prendre quelques secondes.'}, {'title': 'https://link.springer.com\xa0›\xa0chapter › 10.1007 › 978-1-4939-0308-5_10', 'summary': 'https://link.springer.com\xa0›\xa0chapter › 10.1007 › 978-1-4939-0308-5_10...', 'url': 'https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4939-0308-5_10', 'extracted_content': 'Paul T. P. Wong 3 , 4 5901 Accesses 5901 Accesses 50 Citations 50 Citations 10 Altmetric 10 Altmetric Abstract The main purpose of this chapter is to introduce Viktor Frankl’s logotherapy to the twenty-first century, especially to positive psychologists interested in meaning research and applications. Frankl’s radically positive message of re-humanizing psychotherapy is much needed in the current technological culture. More specifically, I explain the basic assumptions of logotherapy and translate them into a testable meaning-seeking model to facilitate meaning research and intervention. This model consists of five hypotheses: (1) The Self-Transcendence Hypothesis: The will to meaning is a spiritual and primary motivation for self-transcendence; thus, it predicts that spiritual pathways (e.g., spiritual care, self-transcendence) will enhance meaning in life and well-being, even when other pathways to well-being are not available. (2) The Ultimate Meaning Hypothesis: It predicts that belief in the intrinsic meaning and value of life, regardless of circumstances, is more functional than alternative global beliefs. It also predicts that belief in ultimate meaning facilitates the discovery of meaning of the moment. (3) The Meaning Mindset Hypothesis: A meaning mindset, as compared to the success mindset, leads to greater meaningfulness, compassion, moral excellence, eudaemonic happiness, and resilience. (4) The Freedom of Will Hypothesis: People who believe in the inherent human capacity for freedom and responsibility, regardless of circumstances, will show higher autonomy and authenticity than those without such beliefs. (5) The Value Hypothesis of Discovering Meaning: Meaning is more likely to be discovered through creative, experiential, and attitudinal values that are motivated by self-transcendence rather than by self-interest. Together, they capture the complexity and centrality of meaning seeking in healing and well-being. In sum, Viktor Frankl emphasizes the nee'}, {'title': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\xa0›\xa016594836', 'summary': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\xa0›\xa016594836...', 'url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16594836/', 'extracted_content': 'An official website of the United States government The .gov means it’s official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before\n            sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal\n            government site. The site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the\n            official website and that any information you provide is encrypted\n            and transmitted securely. Dashboard Publications Account settings Log out Clipboard My Bibliography Collections Citation manager Save citation to file Email citation Add to Collections Create a new collection Add to an existing collection Add to My Bibliography My Bibliography Your saved search Yes No Create a file for external citation management software Your RSS Feed Full text links Actions Create a new collection Add to an existing collection Share   Permalink Copy Page navigation Title & authors Abstract Similar articles Cited by Publication types MeSH terms Related information LinkOut - more resources Search in PubMed Search in NLM Catalog Add to Search Finding "meaning" in psychology: a lay theories approach to self-regulation, social perception, and social development Affiliation 1 Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. <PRESIDIO_ANONYMIZED_EMAIL_ADDRESS> PMID: 16594836 DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.61.3.192 Finding "meaning" in psychology: a lay theories approach to self-regulation, social perception, and social development Search in PubMed Search in NLM Catalog Add to Search Authors Affiliation 1 Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. <PRESIDIO_ANONYMIZED_EMAIL_ADDRESS> PMID: 16594836 DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.61.3.192 Abstract Much of psychology focuses on universal principles of thought and action. Although an extremely productive pursuit, this approach, by describing only the "average person," risks describing no one in particular. This article discusses an alternate approach that complements interests in univers'}]
Assistant: