adsabs/AstroCLIMB huggingface dataset:
Paper: Statistical Analysis of Near-surface Structure and Material Properties on Momentum Transfer in Rubble Pile Targets Impacted by Kinetic Impactors
Authors: Mallory E. DeCoster, Angela M. Stickle, Emma S. G. Rainey, Dawn M. Graninger
Figure caption: Zoomed-in cross sections of the initial conditions (left) and crater at 500 ms post impact (right) for nine rubble pile targets that serve as examples of the full population of targets investigated. Rubble pile targets are separated into three impact site structure categories: matrix (left column), large boulders (middle column), and small boulders (right column). Within each category, targets consist of variations in the matrix material’s porosity (20% vs. 60%) and strength (i.e., cohesion (Y o) and internal friction). The white boxes in the bottom-right corner of each panel represent the case number detailed in Table A1. The multicolored circles are boulders (specific colors have no further meaning). Note that models 20 and 64 contain the presence of low-density vapor clouds forming above the impact point. This is a plotting artifact and does not represent a significant amount (<1 kg) of ejecta material.
Paper: Statistical Analysis of Near-surface Structure and Material Properties on Momentum Transfer in Rubble Pile Targets Impacted by Kinetic Impactors
Authors: Mallory E. DeCoster, Angela M. Stickle, Emma S. G. Rainey, Dawn M. Graninger
Figure caption: Cross-sectional images of two rubble pile targets with different impact site structures (run 54 = matrix, and run 49 = small boulders) and equivalent matrix material parameters (60% porous, GEO, Y o = 10 Pa). The initial conditions of (a) run 54 (simulation resulting in the largest β (β = 3.70)) in comparison to (b) run 49 (β = 2.37). The damage profile within the boulders 150 ms post impact are shown in (c) run 54 and (d) run 49. The red material expanding upwards in (c) and (d) is low-density vapor. Full damage (damage = 1) occurs in the matrix material over the extent of the area that is depicted; however, it is not visualized in (c) and (d) for clarity.
Paper: Statistical Analysis of Near-surface Structure and Material Properties on Momentum Transfer in Rubble Pile Targets Impacted by Kinetic Impactors
Authors: Mallory E. DeCoster, Angela M. Stickle, Emma S. G. Rainey, Dawn M. Graninger
Figure caption: Snapshots of the transient crater resulting from the convergence study of three rubble pile targets representing the three impact site categories (matrix, large boulders, and small boulders). The top row shows the initial conditions of each target. The damage profile of the transient crater is illustrated as a function of grid resolution (cppr). The time interval that each transient crater is plotted is annotated in the bottom-right corner of each image. Note that the damage occurring within the matrix material is modeled but not included in the images for clarity because all of the matrix material is fully damaged within the snapshots shown.
Paper: Statistical Analysis of Near-surface Structure and Material Properties on Momentum Transfer in Rubble Pile Targets Impacted by Kinetic Impactors
Authors: Mallory E. DeCoster, Angela M. Stickle, Emma S. G. Rainey, Dawn M. Graninger
Figure caption: Yield strength vs. pressure for the matrix material modeled by the (a) GEO and (b) BDL strength models.
Paper: Statistical Analysis of Near-surface Structure and Material Properties on Momentum Transfer in Rubble Pile Targets Impacted by Kinetic Impactors
Authors: Mallory E. DeCoster, Angela M. Stickle, Emma S. G. Rainey, Dawn M. Graninger
Figure caption: Comparison of the pressure wave and damage profiles at different grid resolutions for case 3 (large boulders). The top row shows the pressure profile 2 ms post impact for cppr = 2.5 (left) and cppr = 10 (right). The bottom row shows the damage profile 640 ms post impact for cppr = 2.5 (left) and cppr = 10 (right).
Paper: Statistical Analysis of Near-surface Structure and Material Properties on Momentum Transfer in Rubble Pile Targets Impacted by Kinetic Impactors
Authors: Mallory E. DeCoster, Angela M. Stickle, Emma S. G. Rainey, Dawn M. Graninger
Figure caption: Illustration of the initial condition (left) and transient crater 500 ms post impact (right) of case 45 (the case number appears in the top-left corner), which results in the most boulder ejection but a relatively small β. Case 45 represents the small boulders impact site category (“SB”), where the matrix material is modeled by the GEO (Y o = 10 Pa) material model and is 60% porous (“60% GEO”).
Paper: Statistical Analysis of Near-surface Structure and Material Properties on Momentum Transfer in Rubble Pile Targets Impacted by Kinetic Impactors
Authors: Mallory E. DeCoster, Angela M. Stickle, Emma S. G. Rainey, Dawn M. Graninger
Figure caption: Crush curve using the p–α model for the matrix material used in our simulations of impacts into rubble pile targets.
Paper: Statistical Analysis of Near-surface Structure and Material Properties on Momentum Transfer in Rubble Pile Targets Impacted by Kinetic Impactors
Authors: Mallory E. DeCoster, Angela M. Stickle, Emma S. G. Rainey, Dawn M. Graninger
Figure caption: Overview of the beta values mapped to each simulation according to the run number.
Paper: Statistical Analysis of Near-surface Structure and Material Properties on Momentum Transfer in Rubble Pile Targets Impacted by Kinetic Impactors
Authors: Mallory E. DeCoster, Angela M. Stickle, Emma S. G. Rainey, Dawn M. Graninger
Figure caption: Temporal evolution of the transient crater for impacts into three test cases spanning three impact site conditions: case 1 (small boulder), case 2 (matrix), and case 3 (large boulder). In all cases, the matrix material is modeled at 20% porous with the GEO strength model (Y o = 10 Pa).
Paper: Statistical Analysis of Near-surface Structure and Material Properties on Momentum Transfer in Rubble Pile Targets Impacted by Kinetic Impactors
Authors: Mallory E. DeCoster, Angela M. Stickle, Emma S. G. Rainey, Dawn M. Graninger
Figure caption: Size–frequency distribution of the boulders comprising the rubble pile targets.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The melt-rich FIB section extracted from the F-S-002 sample. (A) BF STEM image of the FIB section. The inset is a higher-magnification STEM image of the melt layer where crystalline inclusions are identified. (B)–(F) EDX maps showing the chemical variations in C, Fe, Mg, O, and Si that occurred in the melt layer compared to the underlying olivine. In particular, the crystalline inclusions are richer in C, Fe, and O compared to the melt (white arrows).
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The nanocrystalline inclusions in the melt layer of the F-S-002 sample. (A) HRTEM BF image of nanocrystalline inclusions (dashed white circles). The thick yellow solid line shows the boundary between the crystalline phase (below) and the melt layer (top). The locations along which d-spacings were calculated are represented by thin yellow lines. We performed two measurements in the melt inclusions (LI = left inclusion, CI = central inclusion) and four measurements in the crystalline phase (Cr1–4 = crystalline 1–4). (B) and (C) Fast Fourier transform (FFT) patterns of the LI and the CI showing evidence of partial crystallinity.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The morphological textures identified in both irradiated samples. (A) BSE image of a fluffy C-rich deposit (yellow arrow) at the surface of the F-S-002 sample. An Fe-rich particle (green arrow) is also identified close to the deposit. (B) SE image of the vesiculated melt at the surface of the F-T-004 sample. (C) and (D) Fe and C maps of the same area as in (A).
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: Mg- and O-rich particles and melt splashes observed on the Si wafer used with the F-T-004 sample. (A) Low-resolution SE image of the Si wafer. (B) Higher-resolution BSE image of two particles rich in Mg and O (yellow arrows) and of melt splashes (white arrow). (C) and (D) Mg and O maps of the same area as in (B).
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: Heterogeneous aggregates found on the Si wafer used with the F-S-002 sample. (A) BSE image of the heterogeneous aggregates. (B)–(D) EDX chemical maps showing that these aggregates are rich in C (yellow arrows), Mg, and O (white arrow).
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The vesiculated and fluffy textures and the double melt layer in the C-rich FIB section extracted from the F-S-002 sample. (A) BF TEM image showing the vesiculated texture below pristine graphite layers (black dashed line) and the double melt layer. Pt denotes the platinum protective cap on top of the sample. (B) BF TEM image of the vesicles in the texture. The Fast Fourier transform (FFT) pattern taken at the yellow dot (inset) shows that the material surrounding the vesicles is amorphous. (C) BF TEM image of the fluffy texture. The FFT pattern taken at the yellow dot (inset) shows that this material is amorphous. (D) BF TEM image of the double melt layer (above the yellow solid line). The limit between both melt layers is highlighted by the black dashed line. The top FFT pattern (taken at the orange dot) shows complete amorphization of the upper melt layer, while the bottom FFT pattern (taken at the yellow dot) shows only partial amorphization of the lower melt layer.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: Composition of the fluffy texture in the C-rich section of the F-S-002 sample. (A) BF STEM image of the fluffy texture (white dashed line) embedded in silicate material (white arrows). Pt denotes the platinum protective cap on top of the sample. (B)–(F) EDX maps showing the chemical composition in C, Fe, Mg, O, and Si of this texture.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: EDX line scan across the double melt layer in the C-rich section of the F-S-002 sample. Pt denotes the platinum protective cap on top of the sample. (A) The location of the line scan (white arrow). The green box enclosing the arrow corresponds to the area where we averaged the counts to reduce noise. (B) The atomic fraction (%) along the line scan for each element previously mapped. The lower C content in the vapor deposit is correlated to the increased content in O, Mg, and Si.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The melt-rich FIB section extracted from the F-T-004 sample. (A) BF STEM image of the FIB section. The inset is a higher-magnification STEM image of the melt layer where we performed EDX mapping. The green box corresponds to the area where we identified nanoinclusions (Figure 13). (B)–(F) EDX maps showing the chemical variations in C, Fe, Mg, O, and Si that occurred in the melt layer compared to the underlying olivine. For clarity, the white arrows indicate the location of the melt layer.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: TEM BF image of the left part of the F-S-002 melt splash shown in Figure 10. The black arrows point toward vesicles present in the melt splash.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The vesiculated and fluffy textures in the C-rich FIB section extracted from the F-T-004 sample. (A) BF TEM image showing the location of the vesiculated texture (bottom left box) and the fluffy texture (top center box). (B) BF TEM image of the vesiculated texture. We observed several pockets of this texture (highlighted by white arrows). (C) BF TEM image of the fluffy texture.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The FIB section extracted from a melt splash on the F-S-002 sample wafer. (A) BF STEM image of the melt splash. (B)–(F) EDX maps showing the chemical composition in C, Fe, Mg, O, and Si of the melt splash. The Si-rich layer below the melt splash corresponds to a piece of Si wafer extracted during the FIB process.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: Composition of the vesiculated texture in the C-rich section of the F-S-002 sample. (A) BF STEM image of the vesiculated texture. (B)–(D) EDX maps revealing the peculiar chemical composition in C, Fe, Mg, O, and Si of this texture and its surrounding material.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: BF STEM image of the F-T-004 melt layer where we identified nanoinclusions (black arrows).
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The FIB section extracted from a melt splash on the F-T-004 sample wafer. (A) STEM image of the melt splash. (B)–(F) EDX maps showing the chemical composition in C, Fe, Mg, O, and Si of the melt splash. The Si-rich layer below the melt splash corresponds to a piece of Si wafer extracted during the FIB process.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: BF HRTEM image of the Mg-rich particle from the F-T-004 sample wafer. The locations along which d-spacings were calculated are represented by thin yellow lines. We performed one calculation in the main crystalline phase (Cr) and three calculations in reoriented nanoinclusions (RI1–3 = reoriented inclusions 1–3).
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The selected areas used for quantification of the F-S-002 melt-rich texture. Area #1 corresponds to the melt layer and area #2 to the underlying crystalline phase.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: BF TEM image of the left part of the F-T-004 melt splash shown in Figure 19. The black arrows point toward some bubbles present in the melt splash.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: Composition of the vesiculated texture in the C-rich section of the F-T-004 sample. (A) BF STEM image of the vesiculated texture. (B)–(D) EDX maps revealing the peculiar chemical composition in C, Fe, Mg, O, and Si of this texture and its surrounding material.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The FIB section extracted from a Mg-rich particle on the F-T-004 sample wafer. (A) STEM image of the Mg-rich particle. (B)–(F) EDX maps showing the chemical composition in C, Fe, Mg, O, and Si of the particle.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: Composition of the fluffy texture in the C-rich section of the F-T-004 sample. (A) BF STEM image of the fluffy texture. (B)–(F) EDX maps showing the chemical composition in C, Fe, Mg, O, and Si of this texture.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The selected areas used for quantification of the F-S-002 vesiculated texture.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The selected areas used for quantification of the F-T-004 vesiculated texture.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The selected area (red polygon) used for quantification of the silicate material present between the graphite sheets of the F-S-002 C-rich fluffy texture. The inset is an HRTEM image of the same material (yellow box) and shows that it is amorphous.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The selected areas used for quantification of the F-T-004 melt splash.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The selected area (red square) used for quantification of the F-T-004 wafer Mg-rich particle.
Paper: Understanding the Effects of Micrometeoroid Bombardment on Graphite-rich Mercury Analogs through Laboratory Experiments and Electron Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Nicolas Bott, Michelle S. Thompson, Mark J. Loeffler, Kathleen E. Vander Kaaden, Francis M. McCubbin
Figure caption: The selected areas used for quantification of the F-S-002 melt splash.
Paper: Shaking and Tumbling: Short- and Long-timescale Mechanisms for Resurfacing of Near-Earth Asteroid Surfaces from Planetary Tides and Predictions for the 2029 Earth Encounter by (99942) Apophis
Authors: R.-L. Ballouz, H. Agrusa, O.S. Barnouin, K.J. Walsh, Y. Zhang, R.P. Binzel, V.J. Bray, D. N. DellaGiustina, E.R. Jawin, J.V. DeMartini, A. Marusiak, P. Michel, N. Murdoch, D.C. Richardson, E.G. Rivera-Valentín, A.S. Rivkin, Y. Tang
Figure caption:                         Simulated ground motion on the surface of Apophis during its closest approach with Earth on 2029 April 13. Each panel shows the surface radial acceleration, a, normalized by Apophis's gravity, g, for the particle indicated by the black arrow in the inset figure. The brighter-colored particles in the inset align with Apophis’s major axes. For each case, the particle exhibiting the largest activity is highlighted in the subpanel. (a)–(c) |a/g| for three surface particles for the case with a homogeneous interior with bulk density 2.2 g cm−3. The cyan shaded region in (b) shows a discrete shaking event where ground motion reaches a peak of |a/g| ∼ 1 (Figure A2(a)), and the magenta shaded region in (b) highlights an event with a peak |a/g| ∼ 0.07 (Figure A2(b)). (d)–(f) Same as (a)–(c), except the simulated Apophis has a contact-binary-like interior with a denser “head” region that creates a COM–COF offset of approximately 17 m. The yellow shaded region in (d) highlights an event with a peak |a/g| ∼ 0.5 (Figure A2(c)). The ground motion has a distinct double-peaked feature around perigee, which is different from the homogeneous case. The double-peaked feature arises from a realignment of different body axes with the tidal force vector. As Apophis flies by Earth, the alignment of different body axes with the tidal force flips. Axes that were once in tension become compressed, and vice versa (Figure A4). This realignment is less severe for the homogeneous case, which is why the double-peaked feature is less pronounced.
Paper: Shaking and Tumbling: Short- and Long-timescale Mechanisms for Resurfacing of Near-Earth Asteroid Surfaces from Planetary Tides and Predictions for the 2029 Earth Encounter by (99942) Apophis
Authors: R.-L. Ballouz, H. Agrusa, O.S. Barnouin, K.J. Walsh, Y. Zhang, R.P. Binzel, V.J. Bray, D. N. DellaGiustina, E.R. Jawin, J.V. DeMartini, A. Marusiak, P. Michel, N. Murdoch, D.C. Richardson, E.G. Rivera-Valentín, A.S. Rivkin, Y. Tang
Figure caption: Schematic of rubble-pile model of Apophis using the M. Brozovic et al. (2018) shape model, including the effects of internal heterogeneity by setting head particles (red) to be denser than body particles (blue) by up to 70%. The black bar is a 100 m scale bar.