adityasasidhar/Wikipedia_Cleaned huggingface dataset:
For drugs the situation is different. If drugs are used within the expiration date, the manufacturer guarantees that they work as expected. After that date, they may still work, but they are no longer guaranteed. A study done by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration covered over 100 drugs, prescription and over-the-counter. About 90% of them were safe and effective as far as 15 years past their expiration date. Joel Davis, a former FDA expiration-date compliance chief, said that with a handful of exceptions - notably nitroglycerin, insulin and some liquid antibiotics - most expired drugs are probably effective.
Preservatives and antioxidants may be put into some food and drug products to make their shelf life longer. Some companies use induction sealing and vacuum pouches to add to the shelf life of their products. Some things can be controlled by provisions in the packaging. For example, the amber bottle used for many beers blocks damaging wavelengths of light. Transparent beer bottles do not. Packaging with barrier materials (e.g., (low moisture vapor transmission rate, etc.) extends the shelf life of some foods and pharmaceuticals.
Nearly all chemical reactions will occur at common temperatures. Examples are the breakdown of many chemical explosives into more unstable compounds. Nitroglycerine is notorious. Old explosives are more dangerous (i.e., liable to be triggered to explode by very small disturbances) than more recently manufactured explosives. Rubber products also degrade as sulphur bonds induced during vulcanization revert; this is why old rubber bands and other rubber products soften and get sticky as they age.
The reactions needed to feed and reproduce bacteria and fungi increase at higher temperatures, up to the point that the proteins and other compounds in their cells themselves begin to breakdown, or denature, so quickly that they cannot be replaced. This is the reason high temperatures kill bacteria and other micro organisms; 'tissue' breakdown reactions reach such rates that they cannot be compensated for and the cell dies. On the other hand, 'elevated' temperatures short of these result in increased growth and reproduction; if the organism is harmful, perhaps to dangerous levels.
"Best Before" is usually advisory and refers to the quality of the product. "Use By" which indicates that the product is no longer safe after the specified date.
Foods that have a "best before" date are usually safe to eat after the date has passed, although they may not be as good either in flavour, texture, appearance or nutrition.
It is also common for food approaching the use by date to be reduced in price for quick sale, with greater reductions the closer to the use by date it gets.
In a metaphorical sense, much software also has a shelf life. Most software products are released to market with defects, security vulnerabilities, and design flaws. Over time, some of these are discovered and patches issued which fix bugs and add functionality. The result is that, after some time, the software application is rather different than it was at first release, even with the same version level. Since correct inclusion of patches at end user sites is spotty, the actual population of that software application in the field is quite varied; some will have patches 1 and 2, others 1, 2, and 3, some others none, in all possible variations. This increases support difficulty. There have been a few attempts to address this. One commercial attempt is from Preemptive.
The Food & Drug Administration, which controls packaged foods and drugs, only requires a use-by, or expiration, date on infant formula and some baby foods. That's because formula must contain a certain quantity of each nutrient that is described on the label. If formula is stored too long, it loses its nutritional quality. It also separates or form lumps that will clog the bottle nipple. Except for infant formula and some baby foods, product dating is not required by federal regulations.
Beer does not keep forever. It can be affected by light, air, or the action of bacteria. Although beer in the USA does not have to have a shelf life, freshness dates serve much the same purpose and are a marketing tool.
The Boston Beer Company, maker of Samuel Adams, was among the first to start adding freshness dates to their product line in 1985. For ten years there was a slow growth in brewers adding freshness dates to their beer. The practice rapidly grew in popularity after the Anheuser-Busch company's heavily marketed "Born-On dates" starting in 1996. Many other brewers started adding freshness dates to their products, but there is no standard for what the date means. For some companies, the date on the bottle or can will be the date that the beer was bottled; others have the date by which the beer should be consumed.
The WWE Women's Championship has descended from the National Wrestling Alliance World Women's Championship when The Fabulous Moolah became champion and held the title close to 30 years. The Title became inactive in 1990 when Rockin' Robin left the WWF. In 1993 Alundra Blayze won the title. However it became Inactive after Alundra Blayze dropped the title into a garbage can live on WCW Monday Nitro. This incident forced her to give up the title.
The Nation of Islam is an African-American ethno-nationalist and religious group. It was founded in Detroit, Michigan, in 1930 by Master Farad Muhammad and re-founded in 1977 under the leadership of Louis Farrakhan. The original group founded in the 1930s changed its name to American Society of Muslims, which rejected many of its original beliefs, including black separatism. The main goal of the Nation of Islam is to bring back the spiritual, mental, social and economic condition of blacks in the United States. Since 1981, the group has been led by Louis Farrakhan. Malcolm X also was a member.
The current headquarters for the Nation of Islam is in Chicago, Illinois. The Nation of Islam is currently lead by the Honorable Minister Louis Farrakhan through the teachings of the Most Honorable Elijah Muhammad. Elijah Muhammad met Master Farad Muhammad and was directly given lost knowledge to rebuild the children of slavery and bring them back to their original selves.
The Nation of Islam combines a number of religious doctrines and beliefs, primarily Islam and Dianetics. In their literature, they profess their belief in the oneness of Allah ("tawhid)" and the Qur'an. They celebrate Ramadan, Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha. Unlike orthodox Islam, they celebrate Ramadan in the winter. Their places of worship are called mosques. They also pray five times a day, although unlike in orthodox Islam, they pray in English, not Arabic.
In addition to these Islamic beliefs and practices, the theology Nation of Islam also promotes and includes non-traditional religious beliefs. Although their contemporary website highlights their belief in the oneness of God, other sources produced by the Nation of Islam highlight their beliefs in many Gods as well. For example, Master Farad, the founder of the Nation of Islam is also considered "God in person". This is a belief that would be strongly refuted in traditional Islamic teaching. They also believe that Allah is a black man and that each cycle of history is ruled by a different God, who dies once his cycle is over.
The World Tag Team Championship was a professional wrestling tag team championship in World Wrestling Entertainment. It was the original world tag team title of WWE. In 2009 it was with the WWE Tag Team Championship to make up the Unified WWE Tag Team Championship. It was retired in 2010. The last champions were The Hart Dynasty (David Hart Smith and Tyson Kidd).
The championship was first introduced into the then "World Wide Wrestling Federation (WWWF)" in 1971. Following its introduction into the WWWF Luke Graham and Tarzan Tyler became the first "WWWF Tag Team Champions" on June 3. In 1979 the title became known as the "World Wrestling Federation (WWF) Tag Team Championship" when the promotion renamed itself "World Wrestling Federation."
In 2001 at the Survivor Series Pay-per-view during the Invasion storyline, The Hardy Boyz, Matt Hardy and Jeff Hardy who were the current "World Tag Team Champions" and were competing for the "WWF" took on The Dudley Boyz, Bubba Ray Dudley and D-Von Dudley who were the current WCW World Tag Team Champions and were competing for "The Alliance" in a title unification match inside a Steel Cage, The Dudleyz defeated The Hardyz and were named the last WCW Tag Team Champions while also becoming the "WWF Tag Team Champions"
After the WWF/WWE name change in 2002, the championship was referred to as the "World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) Tag Team Championship". After a period where the championship was to be freely defended on either WWE Monday Night Raw or WWE SmackDown! the championship became exclusive to the Raw brand and was renamed "World Tag Team Championship". The General Manager at this time, Stephanie McMahon created new WWE Tag Team Titles which were to be exclusive to the SmackDown! Brand.
There have been a total of 113 recognized teams and 164 recognized individual champions, who have had a combined 176 official reigns. The team with the most reigns is The Dudley Boyz with eight. Edge has the most individual reigns with 12. Two tag teams have held the titles for 365 or more days: Demolition (Ax and Smash), whose first reign set the record at 478 days and The Valiant Brothers (Jerry and Johnny Valiant). Demolition is also the team with the longest combined reign at 698 days, while Mr. Fuji has the longest combined reign as an individual at 932 days.
WrestleMania 2 was the second annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (although the first WrestleMania was only on pay-per-view in select areas). It took place on April 7, 1986 at three venues: the Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum in Uniondale, New York, the Rosemont Horizon in Rosemont, Illinois, and the Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena in Los Angeles, California.
Arthur Guseni Oliver Mutambara (born 25 May 1966) is a Zimbabwean politician. He became the President of a faction of the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) in February 2006. He has worked as the Managing Director and CEO of Africa Technology and Business Institute since September 2003.
Kill 'Em All is the first album by Metallica, an American thrash metal band. It was released on July 25, 1983. It has sold over three million copies in the United States. When it was released most of the reviews were good. Two singles were released from the album, "Whiplash" and "Jump in the Fire". The album was going to be called "Metal Up Your Ass". However, the record label that released the album did not want this. Cliff Burton, the band's bass guitar player, said "why don't we just kill 'em all?" when talking about the record label. The band decided to use "Kill 'Em All" as the album's name.
Lucille Frances Ryan (born 29 March 1968) is a New Zealand actress. When she was twenty years old, she got her first acting job in the TV program "Funny Business". In 1995, she starred in her first television series, "", becoming in an international star in this role.
In 1997, Lawless was named one of the "50 Most Beautiful People in the World" by "People" magazine. Days earlier on 6 May 1997, Lawless inadvertently exposed a breast as she concluded a performance of the US national anthem at an NHL hockey game in Anaheim, California between the Mighty Ducks and Detroit Red Wings. Lawless was quoted in Newsweek as saying:
One member was arrested in 2024, Daniela Klette.
The LHC was first used on September 10, 2008, but it did not work because a cooling system broke. The magnets that help to move the charged particles must be cold. The failure caused part of the facility to collapse. The lab shut down for the winter and the collider was not used again until November 2009. While it was being repaired, scientists used the Tevatron to look for the Higgs Boson. When the LHC was restarted in November 2009, it set a new speed record by accelerating protons to 1.18 TeV (teraelectronvolt, or trillion electronvolt). On March 30 2010, the LHC created a collision at 3.5 TeV.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology, or S.M.A.R.T. is a system to watch computer hard disks to help stop the risk of failures. It does this by watching reliability of the hard disks to try and see when a failure might happen and where.
About 60% of all drive failures are caused by mechanical failure. Most result from gradual wear. An eventual failure may be catastrophic. Before complete failure occurs, there are usually signs that failure will happen. These may include increased heat output, a more noisy drive, problems with reading or writing data and a big increase in the number of damaged disk sectors.
The purpose of S.M.A.R.T. is to warn a user or system administrator that a drive is about to fail. At the time of the warning, there is usually still time to do somethings to prevent data loss by copying the data to a different drive. About 30% of failures can be predicted by S.M.A.R.T. Work at Google on over 100,000 drives has shown little overall predictive value of S.M.A.R.T. status as a whole. The study suggests that certain sub-categories of information which some S.M.A.R.T. implementations track "do" correlate with actual failure rates. In the 60 days after the first scan error on a drive, the drive is 39 times more likely to fail on average than it would have been had no such error occurred. Also, first errors in reallocations, offline reallocations and probational counts have higher probabilities of failure.
The technical documentation for SMART is in the AT Attachment standard.
Drives with SMART may support a number of 'logs'. The "error log" records information about the most recent errors that the drive has reported back to the host computer. Examining this log may help to determine whether computer problems are disk-related or caused by something else.
A drive supporting SMART may support a number of self-test or maintenance routines, and the results of the tests are kept in the "self-test log". The self-test routines may be used to detect any unreadable sectors on the disk, so that they may be restored from back-up sources (for example, from other disks in a RAID).
The term "S.M.A.R.T." refers only to a signalling method between internal disk drive electromechanical sensors and the host computer. Hence, a drive may be claimed by its manufacturers to include S.M.A.R.T. support even if it does not include, say, a temperature sensor, which the customer might reasonably expect to be present.
Prognosis of this date is based on the factor "Speed of attribute change"; how many points each month the value is decreasing or increasing. This is calculated automatically at any change of S.M.A.R.T. attributes for each attribute individually. Note that TEC dates are not guarantees; hard drives can and will either last much longer or fail much sooner than the date given by a TEC.
"Good Morning" is a single on Kanye West's 3rd studio album "Graduation". The song was released in late August 2007 on iTunes. "Good Morning" is the 1st track on the album. It has samples of "Someone Saved My Life Tonight" as sung by Elton John.Additional vocals were provided by Connie Mitchell, Tony "Penafire" Williams, and Jay-Z.
Maisoncelles-du-Maine is a commune of 400 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Meslay-du-Maine is a commune of 2,616 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Montaudin is a commune of 914 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Montenay is a commune of 1,399 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. The name of the place occurred as "Montaniaco" in the ninth century, and as "Monteneio" en 1225. It probably comes from the Latin "Montanus". The area was probably settled in Neolithic times (5000-3000 BC). There is a dolmen and a groove nearby. The groove is called St. Guillaume's stone, and is located about 3km from the village.
Montflours is a commune of 204 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Montjean is a commune of 797 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Montreuil-Poulay is a commune of 414 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Moulay is a commune of 907 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Neuilly-le-Vendin is a commune of 426 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Niafles is a commune of 287 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Oisseau is a commune of 1,101 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Olivet is a commune of 381 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
La Pallu is a commune of 160 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire of the Mayenne department, in the northwest of France.
Predicive failure analysis is a technology developed by IBM to monitor the likelihood of a hard disk failure. Today, it is part of S.M.A.R.T.
Parallel ATA standards allow cable lengths up to only 18 inches (46 centimeters). Because of this length limit the technology normally appears as an internal computer storage interface.
As of 2007, it has largely been replaced by Serial ATA (SATA) in new systems. Older computers based on Parallel ATA are still widely-used in embedded and industrial applications.
All the Greatest Hits is an album from the band McFly. They released it on November 5, 2007 and it features all of McFly's UK singles. The album also includes 3 new songs: "The Heart Never Lies", "The Way You Make Me Feel" and "Don't Wake Me Up".
"The Judas Kiss" is the fourth single off the album by rock band Metallica off their ninth studio album "Death Magnetic".
Native Command Queuing (NCQ) is a technology designed to increase performance of SATA hard disks on computers. It can do this under certain situations by allowing the individual hard disk to internally optimize the order in which it executes the read and write requests it received. This can reduce the amount of unnecessary drive head movement and result in better performance (and slightly decreased wear of the drive) where multiple read/write requests happen at the same time. This situation most often occurs in server-type applications. However, the technology can slow down HD access in certain applications, like games and sequential reads and writes, because of the added latency induced by NCQ logic.
Native Command Queuing came after Parallel ATA's version of Tagged Command Queuing (TCQ). ATA's attempt at integrating TCQ was constrained by the requirement that ATA host bus adapters use ISA bus device protocols to interact with the operating system.
NCQ differs from TCQ in that the command re-ordering is performed by the drive rather than the operating system, and each command is equal in importance. This is preferable since the drive has the most knowledge of its performance characteristics, and is able to take rotational position into account. NCQ and PATA TCQ have a maximum queue length of 32 in-flight commands (31 in practice), while SCSI TCQ has a maximum queue length of 2 in-flight commands.
Serial Storage Architecture is a technology used to attach hard disks to Servers. It was developed by IBM in the 1990s. IBM produced a number of drives with this standard, but today, it has been largely replaced by the Fibre Channel architecture.
Fibre Channel, or FC is an architecture (and a set of protocols to attach disk drives to computers, like in a Storage Area Network. Networks today are done with 4 GBit/s and 8 GBit/s over fiberglass cables. This is enough to support data transfer rates of up to 800 MBit/s. Fibrechannel permits connecting the same disk subsystem to several computers. It typically uses the SCSI command set.
Le Pas is a commune of 515 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
La Pellerine is a commune of 291 people (1999). It is in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Peuton is a commune of 211 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Pommerieux is a commune of 589 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Pontmain is a commune of 893 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Port-Brillet is a commune of 1,814 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Quelaines-Saint-Gault is a commune of 1,739 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Ravigny is a commune of 198 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Rennes-en-Grenouilles is a commune of 105 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Le Ribay is a commune of 473 people (2005). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Aignan-de-Couptrain is a commune of 360 people as of 1999. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Aubin-Fosse-Louvain is a commune of 252 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Baudelle is a commune of 1,005 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Berthevin is a commune of 6,909 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Cyr-en-Pail is a commune of 441 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Cyr-le-Gravelais is a commune of 474 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Denis-d'Anjou is a commune of 1,337 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Denis-de-Gastines is a commune of 1,683 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Denis-du-Maine is a commune of 307 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Sainte-Gemmes-le-Robert is a commune of 930 people (2004). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Ellier-du-Maine is a commune of 465 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Sainte-Marie-du-Bois is a commune. It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France. 210 people lived there in 1999.
Saint-Erblon is a commune of 166 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Sainte-Suzanne is a former commune of 1,020 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Sainte-Suzanne-et-Chammes.
Saint-Georges-Buttavent is a commune of 1,391 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Georges-sur-Erve is a commune in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France.
Saint-Germain-d'Anxure is a commune of 274 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Germain-de-Coulamer is a commune of 393 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Germain-le-Fouilloux is a commune of 670 people (1999). It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in northwest France.
Saint-Germain-le-Guillaume is a commune of 410 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Hilaire-du-Maine is a commune of 664 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Jean-sur-Erve is a former commune of 489 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Blandouet-Saint Jean.
Saint-Jean-sur-Mayenne is a commune of 1,196 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Julien-du-Terroux is a commune of 232 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Loup-du-Dorat is a commune of 335 people (2004). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Loup-du-Gast is a commune of 305 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Mars-sur-Colmont is a commune of 435 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Mars-sur-la-Futaie is a commune of 623 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Martin-du-Limet is a commune of 493 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Pierre-des-Landes is a commune of 946 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Pierre-des-Nids is a commune of 1,712 people (1999). It is to be found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Pierre-la-Cour is a commune of 1,838 people (2007). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Pierre-sur-Erve is a commune of 138 people (2005). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Pierre-sur-Orthe is a former commune of 531 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2021, it was merged into the new commune of Vimartin-sur-Orthe.
Saint-Poix is a commune of 393 people (2007). It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Quentin-les-Anges is a commune of 376 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Saturnin-du-Limet is a commune of 546 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saint-Sulpice is a former commune of 188 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of La Roche-Neuville.
Saint-Thomas-de-Courceriers is a commune of 246 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Saulges is a commune of 328 people (2005). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. In Saulges, there is also a prehistoric canyon which is 1.8 million years old and 20 different prehistoric caves.
La Selle-Craonnaise is a commune of 882 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Senonnes is a commune of 325 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Trans is a commune of 238 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Vaiges is a commune of 1,151 people (2005). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Vautorte is a commune of 573 people (1999). It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in northwest France.
Vieuvy is a commune of 115 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Villaines-la-Juhel is a commune of 3,179 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Villepail is a commune. It is in Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in northwest France.
Villiers-Charlemagne is a commune of 959 people (2004). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Walter William Walsh (April 30, 1897 to January 15, 1966) was a Major League Baseball player. Walsh only played two games, never getting an at-bat for the Philadelphia Phillies in 1920. He was used as a pinch runner in the two games he played. Walsh was born in Newark, New Jersey and died in Avon-by-the-Sea, New Jersey
Carlito became famous in his first run with World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) where he won the Intercontinental Championship, the United States Championship and the World Tag Team Championship and WWE Tag Team Championship with his brother Primo. Colon was released by the WWE on 21 May 2010. Since then, he has wrestled on the independent circuit. He returned to WWE full-time at Fastlane in October 2023.
The NBA All-Star Game is an NBA game in which the best players in the Eastern Conference play with the best players in the Western Conference. The first game started on March 2, 1951 at the Boston Garden. The game is played differently than a normal basketball game, but stick to normal NBA rules.
A jug band is a band that has a jug player and a variety of home-made instruments. These home-made instruments could be ordinary objects adapted to or created to make sound, like the washtub bass, washboard, spoons, stovepipe, and comb and tissue paper (kazoo). The Memphis Jug Band was a famous band from the 1920s to the 1950s.
Steven John "Steve" Carell (born August 16, 1962) is an American actor and comedian. His father is of Italian and German descent, and his mother was of Polish ancestry. Carell is best known for his comedic work as Michael Scott in "The Office" and "The Daily Show".
Qutub-ud-din Aibak was born to a Turk family in Central Asia. He was sold as a slave in his childhood. But this went well because he was brought up by the chief Qazi of Nishapur, a town in northeastern Iran. He was treated like one of the sons of this Qazi and was given a good education, including training in archery and horsemanship. However when the master died, his jealous sons sold Qutub-ud-din Aibak to a slave master.
Qutub-ud-din Aibak was finally purchased by the ruler of Ghor in central Afghanistan, Sultan Muhammad Ghori. Qutub-ud-din Aibak gradually rose to the rank of a Commander and became a trusted slave of Sultan Ghori. The conquests of northern India were executed mainly by Qutub-ud-din Aibak, which helped Ghori to consolidate his position there. Gradually, as Sultan Ghori concentrated on Central Asia after 1192, he was given the independent charge of the conquests in India. In India, Qutub-ud-din Aibak is infamous for massive destruction and plunder of several Hindu temples, whose wealth he looted away. His lieutenant, Bhakthiar Khilji, following in his master's footsteps ravaged the famous university of Nalanda, killing all the monks and scholars there, as well as burning the huge library down. It is said that the fires raged for 3 months, such was the voluminous material being burnt.
Mu'izz ad-Din was one of greatest ruler of the Ghurid dynasty. He is also known as founder of Muslim rule in Indian subcontinent. He ruled over a large part of subcontinent, which is now part of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Iran, north India, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and southern Kazakhstan.
In 1173 Mu'izz ad-Din took the city of Ghazni from Mahmud of Ghazni which he did to avenge the death of his ancestor Muhammad ibn Suri. He used this city as a base for expansion into northern India. In the meantime, he helped his brother Ghiyath to win over Khwarazmian Empire for the lordship of Khorasan in Western Asia. In 1175, Mu'izz captured Multan from the Ismailis, which were a branch of the Shia Muslims, and also took Uch in 1175. He also occupied the Ghaznavid principality of Lahore in 1186, which was the last place of safety of his Persianized enemies. After the death of Ghiyath in 1202, he became the successor of the Ghurid Empire and ruled until his assassination near Jhelum by Ismaili assassins in 1206.
Owen Cunningham Wilson (born November 18, 1968) is an Academy Award-nominated American actor, comedian, producer and professional pornstar.
On August 26, 2007, Wilson was taken to St. John's Health Center. It was reported as a suicide attempt. He was later moved to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles. His lawyer later said that Wilson had depression. A few days later, Wilson withdrew from starring in "Tropic Thunder".
Rogen was born on April 15, 1982, in Vancouver, British Columbia. His parents are Sandy Belogus and Mark Rogen.
Rogen stated comedians like Kevin Smith, Judd Apatow, John Belushi and Adam Sandler as influences.
The Office is an Emmy and Peabody Award-winning American television sitcom airing on National Broadcasting Company (NBC) and developed by Greg Daniels. It is an American adaptation of the BBC series with the same name. It is set in Scranton, Pennsylvania.
Kevin George Knipfing (born April 26, 1965), known professionally as Kevin James, is an American comedian and Emmy Award-nominated actor. He is known for his portrayal of lead character Doug Heffernan on the television sitcom "The King Of Queens", and Eric Lamonsoff in "Grown Ups" and "Grown Ups 2".
Hamill has gained a reputation as a voice actor. He first did voice acting work in the early 1970s voicing the character Corey Anders on the Saturday morning cartoon "Jeannie" by Hanna-Barbera Productions. He later played Sean in the Ralph Bakshi film "Wizards", which was released just three months before "Star Wars" in 1977. In addition Hamill has also provided the voice for Fire Lord Ozai in , and Chanukah Zombie on Futurama. He also provided the voice of Chucky in the 2019 reboot of the franchise.
Hamill is the co-writer of "The Black Pearl", a comic book miniseries published by Dark Horse Comics. He wrote an introduction to the Trade Paperback "Batman: Riddler Two-Face" which reprints various stories involving The Riddler and Two-Face to tie in with "Batman Forever". He has also written several stories for "Simpsons Comics", including "Catastrophe in Substitute Springfields!", which parodies DC's "Crisis on Infinite Earths" and also references several other classic comics.
Hamill directed and starred in the 2004 direct-to-DVD "". A comic book fan who attended science fiction and comic conventions before he became famous, Hamill stated that his character was based on an exaggerated version of himself. He and his crew shot most of the mockumentary film during the 2002 San Diego Comic-Con, and enlisted Stan Lee, Kevin Smith, Bruce Campbell and Hugh Hefner in small roles. The movie won an award for Best Live-Action DVD Premiere Movie at the 2005 DVD Exclusive Awards.
Hamill married dentist Marilou York in a private civil ceremony on December 17, 1978. They have three children together: Nathan (born September 25, 1979), Griffin (born March 4, 1983), and Chelsea Elizabeth (born July 27, 1988) On January 11, 1977, Hamill was in a car accident in which he fractured his nose and left cheekbone, requiring seven hours of surgery. According to Hamill in a recorded interview, he was driving his BMW on a freeway and became distracted, and seeing that he was missing his offramp, tried to negotiate four lanes of traffic (some real scars from the crash made an appearance in "The Empire Strikes Back").
St John's College is a college of the University of Cambridge. It was started by Lady Margaret Beaufort in 1511. It is geographically one of the largest colleges of the University of Cambridge, and the third largest in terms of its membership. It is the second richest of all the Oxbridge colleges. The college is also known for its famous choir.
The Cambridge Science Park is a group of science and technology-related businesses started by Trinity College, Cambridge in 1970. It is the oldest science park in the United Kingdom. It has many science and technology related businesses, and has strong links with the nearby University of Cambridge.
Solid mechanics is the branch of mechanics, physics, and mathematics that concerns itself with how solid matter under external actions works (such as external forces, temperature changes, applied displacements, etc.). It is part of a larger study known as continuum mechanics. One of the most common practical applications of solid mechanics is the Euler-Bernoulli beam equation.
The Chicago Police Department, also known as Chicago P.D. (In Reference to the NBC TV Show ("Chicago P.D,")) and the CPD, is the main law enforcement agency of the City of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States, under the jurisdiction of the city mayor. It is the largest police department in the Midwest and the second largest in the United States after the New York City Police Department with over 13,700 Sworn Uniformed Police Personnel and over 2,700 Civilian Members. Dating back to 1837, the Chicago Police Department is one of the oldest modern police forces in the world.
The Chicago Tribune Silver Football is awarded by the "Chicago Tribune" to the college football player chosen to be the Most Valuable Player of the Big Ten Conference.
A science park is a property designed and used for supporting high tech, science, or research related businesses. Science parks are found all over the world, but they mostly exist in developed countries. Over 140 are found in North America alone.
Famous people who have studied there include Isaac Newton (who went there in 1661), Charles III and Ludwig Wittgenstein.
Murrurundi
Roubaix is a city in the Nord department, in the Hauts-de-France region, in north France. About 94,000 live there at about 7,119 people per square kilometer. It is near the cities Lille and Tourcoing. There is a metro and tram line between Roubaix and these places. Roubaix is near the Belgian border. The city is well known for its cycling race Paris-Roubaix which is over 259.5 km and includes almost 50 km of cobblestone sections.
On 26 January 1865, Hall, Gilbert and Dunn were at Collector, south of Goulburn. While Hall and Gilbert were robbing the hotel, John Dunn stayed outside to watch for the police. Most of the police were out in the bush searching for the bushrangers. Policeman, Constable Samuel Nelson, was told the bushrangers were at the hotel. He told his wife he would "have to do his best". As he walked up to the hotel Dunn fired two shots into his face. Nelson was the father of nine children. One of the children saw the shooting. The bushrangers stole Nelson's gun, and his personal belongings and then left the town. During the next three months, the gang continued to rob from farmhouses and mail coaches.
In May 1865, Hall, Gilbert, and Dunn were made "outlaws"; they could be killed by anyone at anytime. Hall was found by the police in the bush near Forbes, New South Wales and shot dead. A week later, Gilbert was shot by the police at the home of John Kelly, Dunn's grandfather, near Binalong, on 13 May. Dunn was able to escape, although he was also shot. Dunn's Grandfather had told the police where the bushrangers were so that he could get the reward money.
Dunn went into hiding near Quambone Station (a farm) but another friend told the police where he was living. Dunn was badly hurt when the police went to capture him on 26 December 1865. Even though he was hurt, he climbed out of the police station window but was soon caught again. He was taken to Sydney to be tried in court. On 19 January 1866, he was found guilty of killing Nelson and sentenced to death. He was hanged on 19 March 1865 at the Darlinghurst Gaol. He was only 19 years old. He is buried in the old Devonshire Street cemetery in Sydney.
Drake Jared Bell (born June 27, 1986) is an American actor, singer. Bell has released a song for Nickelodeon television series Drake & Josh named "I Found a Way".
Bell was born in Santa Ana, California in 1986. On December 29, 2005, he was badly hurt in a car accident in Los Angeles. He was in the car with a friend. and an oncoming vehicle hit Bell's car, This caused a broken neck, six dislodged teeth, a broken jaw and a deep cut across his chin. Bell had plastic surgery to fix his face.
In 2018, he married Janet Von Schmeling. They have one child, Schmeling filed for divorce in 2022.
During an interview for the 2024 documentary "Quiet on Set: The Dark Side of Kids TV", Bell revealed that Brian Peck, an acting coach, had allegedly sexually abused him during his time acting on "The Amanda Show".
Bell started to act when he was 5 years old. At the age of 8, he wrote his first song. When he was 9, he played "Tyler" in the movie "Ghost". In 1993, he started to act in "The Amanda Show" with Amanda Bynes. He played Drake Parker on the television series "Drake & Josh". In 2002, Bell played in the movies "Superhero!" and "Merry Christmas, Drake & Josh".
Bell learned to play guitar when he was 13. On August 23, 2005, he started to sell his first album, "Telegraph". In December 2006, he started to sell his second album, "Its Only Time". His third album was released in 2014.
On June 4, 2021, Bell was arrested in Cleveland, Ohio, on charges relating to "attempted endangering [of] children and disseminating matter harmful to juveniles." Bell had sent a minor "inappropriate social media messages" for "months. On June 23, Bell pleaded guilty to both charges. On July 12, 2021, Bell's victim made a public appearance and statement accusing him of sexually assaulting her while she was underage. Bell was sentenced to two years of probation and 200 hours of community service.
Saffron () is a spice made from the stigma of the flower of the saffron plant. The spice is used in cooking as a seasoning and as a food colouring. It is native to Southwest Asia. It is the world's most expensive spice, and has been for a long time.
The word "saffron" comes from the 12th century Old French word ', which comes from the Latin word '. ' is also related to the Italian ' and Spanish '. "Safranum" comes from the Arabic word ' which means "yellow".
The cultivated saffron (saffron crocus "C. sativus") flowers in the autumn and comes up every year. It is a perennial plant. It does not grow wild, and is a triploid form of the eastern Mediterranean plant called "Crocus cartwrightianus". It is thought that "C. cartwrightianus" came from Crete. The saffron crocus resulted when "C. cartwrightianus" was subjected to a lot of artificial selection by growers who wanted plants with longer stigmas. It can not reproduce because the saffron crocus's purple flowers do not produce useful seeds. This means that reproduction needs human help. The corms (underground bulb-like starch-storing organs) must be dug up, broken apart, and planted again. A corm lives for only one season. It is reproduced by splitting into up to ten "cormlets" that will grow into new plants. The corms are small brown balls up to in diameter and are covered in thick parallel fibres.
The history of saffron growing reaches back more than 3,000 years. The wild plant from which the saffron crocus came was called "Crocus cartwrightianus". Humans began choosing wild plants that had long "stigmas". Gradually, a form of "C. cartwrightianus", "C. sativus", came into being in the late Bronze Age Crete. The first document to mention saffron is a 7th century BC Assyrian book about botany which was written in the time of Ashurbanipal. There is evidence for the use of saffron in the treatment of about 90 illnesses during the past 4,000 years.
In late Hellenistic Egypt, Cleopatra used saffron in her baths to make her feel good. Egyptian healers used saffron as a treatment for all types of gastrointestinal ailments. Saffron was also used as a fabric dye in Levant cities. Aulus Cornelius Celsus prescribes saffron in medicines for wounds, cough, colic, and scabies, and in the mithridatium. Roman colonists took their saffron with them when they settled in southern Gaul, where it was extensively cultivated until Rome's fall. Competing theories say that saffron only returned to France with 8th century AD Moors or with the Avignon papacy in the 14th century AD.
Paints made from saffron were being used for drawing 50,000 years ago. These have been found in the country that is today called Iraq. Later, the Sumerians used wild-growing saffron in their medicines and magical potions. Traders carried saffron for long distances before the 2nd millennium BC. Ancient Persians were growing their own type of saffron ("Crocus sativus" 'Hausknechtii') in Derbena, Isfahan, and Khorasan by the 10th century BC. Sometimes saffron threads were woven into textiles. They were given as offerings to the gods and used in dyes, perfumes, medicines, and body washes. Saffron threads were also scattered across beds and mixed into hot tea as a way of curing sad feelings. Other people were afraid that the Persians would use saffron as a drug and aphrodisiac. During his Asian campaigns, Alexander the Great used Persian saffron in his tea, rice, and baths to help heal his battle wounds. Alexander's troops copied their leader's actions and brought the habit of saffron-bathing back to Greece.
In Europe, saffron cultivation declined steeply following the Roman Empire's fall. Saffron was reintroduced when the Islamic civilization "Al-Andalus" spread to Spain, France, and Italy. During the 14th century Black Death, there was a huge increase in demand for saffron-based medicine. Much saffron had to be imported by Venetian and Genoan ships from southern and Mediterranean lands such as Rhodes. The theft of one such shipment by noblemen started the 14 week long "Saffron War". The conflict and resulting fear of rampant saffron piracy spurred significant saffron cultivation in Basel, which grew prosperous. Cultivation and trade then spread to Nuremberg, where epidemic levels of saffron adulteration brought on the "Safranschou" code. Under this law saffron adulterators were fined, imprisoned, and executed. Saffron cultivation spread throughout England, especially Norfolk and Suffolk. The Essex town of Saffron Walden, named for its new specialty crop, became England's main saffron growing and trading center. More exotic spices such as chocolate, coffee, tea, and vanilla from newly contacted Eastern and overseas countries caused European cultivation and usage of saffron to decline. Only in southern France, Italy, and Spain, did significant cultivation continue.