adityasasidhar/Wikipedia_Cleaned huggingface dataset:
Giganotosaurus is a large theropod dinosaur. It lived during the Upper Cretaceous, about 99 - 97 million years ago in what is now Argentina. 70 percent of the skeleton has been found. "Giganotosaurus" was probably the second largest carnivorous dinosaur of all time. Another large carnivore, "Mapusaurus", also lived in the same territory. They were both relatives of the North African "Carcharodontosaurus".
The largest specimen is long, and tall at the hip. Its weight is estimated as .
Eoraptor is one of the earliest known theropod dinosaurs. It was a very small omnivore or carnivore which lived in the Lower Triassic, about 231-228 million years ago (mya). It is the only one of the possible early dinosaurs which can be exactly dated by a layer of volcanic ash close beneath the fossil.
"Eoraptor" was a small, lightly-built archosaur that walked on two long legs. It was about it had light, hollow bones, a long head with dozens of small, sharp teeth, and five fingers on its grasping hands (two of the fingers on each hand were very small).
Hurricane Humberto formed and strengthened faster than any other tropical cyclone on record within 18 hours of landfall; developing on September 12, 2007 in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico, the cyclone quickly strengthened and struck High Island, Texas, with winds of about 90 mph (150 km/h) early on September 13. It steadily weakened after moving ashore, and on September 14 it began dissipating over northwestern Georgia as it interacted with an approaching cold front. Humberto was the eighth named storm and third hurricane of the 2007 Atlantic hurricane season, and became the first hurricane to strike the United States since Hurricane Wilma of 2005. Damage was fairly light, estimated at about $50 million.
A passenger car (North America) is a type of railway rolling stock that is designed to carry passengers. In British English it may be called a coach or carriage.
McComb is a city in Pike County, Mississippi, about 80 miles south of Jackson, just off of Interstate 55. As of the 2020 census, 12,413 people lived there, nearly the same as in the 1980 census (12,331). It is the principal city of the McComb, Mississippi Micropolitan Statistical Area. McComb was founded in 1872 after Henry Simpson McComb of the New Orleans, Jackson and Great Northern Railroad (which would become the Illinois Central Railroad and now a part of the Canadian National Railway), decided to move the railroad's maintenance shops away from New Orleans, Louisiana, to avoid the New Orleans' saloons.
Amanda Jenssen (born September 12, 1988) was the first runner up at Pop idol Sweden 2007. Her first album was released in 2008 and became a number 1 album on the charts.
The Italian Wikipedia () is the Italian-language edition of Wikipedia. This edition was started on 11 May 2001 and has over articles. It is currently the 8th largest edition by article count.
Volunteers on the Italian Wikipedia decided they did not like a proposed law before the Italian Parliament. The proposal was from 4 to 6 October 2011. During this time, all of the site's articles were hidden. Wikipedia's administrators blocked the website which was being debated at the time in the Chamber of Deputies of the Italian Parliament.
This was the first time that a Wikipedia had blanked all its content to protest. The Wikimedia Foundation released a statement on 4 October. The Foundation Board officially supported the short closing of Italian Wikipedia. In October 2011, the manifesto, which replaced the Italian Wikipedia, had been viewed approximately 19 million times. On 6 October 2011, the website content was put back. Wikipedia added a banner across the top of each page explaining the reason for the protest.
Quraysh (surah)
632 was a leap year.
The Battle of Uhud () was fought on 23 March 625 (3 Shawwal 3 AH of the Islamic calendar) at Mount Uhud, in what is now north-western Saudi Arabia. It occurred between a force from the Muslim community of Medina led by Prophet Muhammad, and a force led by Abu Sufyan from Mecca, the town from which many of the Muslims had previously emigrated ("hijra"). The Battle of Uhud was the second military encounter between the Meccans and the Muslims, after the Battle of Badr in 624, where a small Muslim army had defeated the larger Meccan army.
Prophet Muhammad had preached the religion of Islam in Mecca from 613 to 622. He had attracted a small community of followers, but also had opposition from the rest of the Quraysh, the clan that ruled Mecca and to which he belonged. The Muslims fled Mecca in 622 after years of persecution and established themselves at Medina (formerly known as "Yathrib"). They considered themselves to be in a state of war with Mecca and raided Meccan caravans that had Muslim belongings left in Mecca. The Meccans sent out a small army to punish the Muslims and stop their raiding. At the Battle of Badr in 624, a small Muslim force had defeated the much larger Meccan army.
Many Muslims considered this battle's victory a proof that they had been favored by God (Arabic: Allah), and believed they were assured such victories in the future.
625 was a common year.
The Battle of Badr (), was fought March 13, 624 CE of western Arabia (present-day Saudi Arabia). It was a key battle in the early days of Islam and a turning point in Muhammad's struggle with his opponents among the Quraysh in Mecca. The battle has been passed down in Islamic history as a decisive victory because of divine intervention. Also, it is attributed to the genius of Muhammad. Although it is one of the few battles specifically mentioned in the Muslim holy book, the Qur'an, virtually all contemporary knowledge of the battle at Badr comes from traditional Islamic accounts, both hadiths and biographies of Muhammad, written decades after the battle.
A ceasefire (or truce) is a stoppage of a war or any armed conflict, where each side of the conflict agrees with the other to stop aggressive actions for some time. Ceasefires may be declared as part of a formal peace treaty, but they have also been called part of an informal understanding between opposing forces.
Khalid ibn al-Walid (; died 642), also known as Sayf Allah ('Sword of God', was a Rashidun military general who led the Muslim conquests of Syria the 7th century.
He is famous for his military success, as he commanded the forces of Muhammad and of his immediate successors Abu Bakr and Umar ibn al-Khattab. He won 28 of his confirmed battles against the numerically superior forces of the Byzantine Roman Empire, Sassanid Persian Empire, and their allies. His greatest strategic achievements were his quick conquest of the Persian Empire and conquest of Roman Syria within three years from 633 to 636. His greatest tactical achievements were his successful double envelopment manoeuver at Walaja and his victories at Ullais and Yarmouk.
Military tactics () are the art of organizing an army and the techniques for using weapons or military units to fight an enemy in battle. Tactics are distinct from strategy, which concerns a longer time scale. They have changed over time, mainly because of changes in military technology.
Several international or multinational conferences have been called the Geneva Conference, because they were held in the city of Geneva, Switzerland. These conferences include:
Instruments found in marching bands include:
Bischofszell is a municipality of the district of Weinfelden in the canton of Thurgau in the country of Switzerland. It has a population of 5,500 people.
The local industry is Bischofszell Konserven. It now belongs to Migros. They make jams, fruit juices, various cans, convenience food, among them Anna's Best.
Diessenhofen is a municipality of the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
The shores of Lake Constance near Arbon have been inhabited since the Stone Age. Archaeological digs in 1885 and 1944 uncovered stilt houses from the Stone and Bronze Ages. At first, it was assumed that these were built over water, since they were raised on stilts. However, it is now known that they were on the shore and were built because the ground was swampy.
During Roman times, "Bergli" was probably a Roman fort. The raised situation and view over the lake were strategically important. Since 1957, regular excavations have shown the remains of late Roman fortifications. The Latin name of Arbon, "Arbor Felix" (meaning "happy tree"), first appears in the "Itinerarium Antonini" in 300. According to the chronicles of Ammianus Marcellinus, Emperor Gratian went to Arbon in 378, and stayed there until 401.
In 610, Irish monks who were followers of Columban of Luxeuil settled in Arbon. They started a small Christian settlement called "Castrum" there. One of these monks was St. Gallus, the founder of the monastery of St. Gallen. He died in 627 in Arbon. In 720, a fortification on the site of the present castle was built by a Frankish troop. The foundations of this early fortress remain.
When Thurgau was conquered by the Swiss "Eidgenossen" in 1460, the Bishops of Constance retained Arbon. In the Swabian War of 1499, they lost civil rights over the territory, retaining only ecclesiastical supremacy. Arbon then became part of the Old Swiss Confederacy.
In the 19th century, Arbon developed into an economic and manufacturing center. This occurred because of the pioneering efforts of industrialist Franz Saurer, who move his foundry from St. Gallen to Arbon in 1863. Starting in 1888, his factory built all kinds of machinery and motors. Until 1983, the factory produced trucks and buses, and until 1986 military vehicles. Today, the factory produces only textile machinery. At its high point, the factory employed 5000 workers. The population grew from 660 in 1844 to over 10,000 at the turn of the century.
Affeltrangen is a municipality in Weinfelden in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
Amriswil is a municipality of the district of Arbon in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
Mendrisio District
Chert is a type of rock that includes flint and agate. It sometimes has fossils in it, usually shells. It is a sedimentary rock, and it is very hard. It is made from quartz. People used chert to make arrow heads because it was hard and sharp when broken. The color of chertz is usually white or gray, but can be red, yellow or dark grey. If there is a lot of iron oxide in the chert it can be dark red; this type of chert is called "jasper."
The municipality was created on 4 April 2004, when it incorporated the former municipality of Salorino. On 5 April 2009, it incorporated the former municipalities of Arzo, Capolago, Genestrerio, Rancate and Tremona. On 14 April 2013, the former municipalities of Besazio, Ligornetto and Meride merged into the municipality of Mendrisio.
Genestrerio was a municipality of the district of Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 5 April 2009, the former municipalities of Arzo, Capolago, Genestrerio, Mendrisio, Rancate and Tremona merged into the municipality of Mendrisio.
Aarberg District
The Pomo were a Native American tribe who lived in what is now Northern California by Russian River. Pomo is a language family that includeds seven languages, including Northern Pomo, Northeastern Pomo, Eastern Pomo, Southeastern Pomo, and Kashaya. The pomo tribe were hunters and gatherers. The men hunted meat and fish, while the women and the children gatherd nuts and berries. The Pomo villages might have had as few as 100 or more than 1,500. They wove finely crafted baskets and sometimes decorated them with feathers and shell beads.
Cyllene or ', is a moon of Jupiter. A team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2003 found it. Its designation is '.
On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Birgisch and Mund merged into the municipality of Naters.
Fiberglass is used in sail planes, sport cars, and wind turbine blades. It is also used in buildings where a lightweight material is needed. It is used to protect RF antennas and electric circuits.
Composite materials are made from two or more basic material. They are not just placed together. They are merged together. This create a material with "useful properties unlike the individual elements".
The composite material as a whole may behave differently from either of its parts. For example, reinforced concrete (made of concrete and steel) has resistance to pressure and to bending forces. Bullet-proof glass (made of glass and plastic) is far more resistant to impact than either glass or plastic on their own.
Concrete itself is a composite material. It is one of the oldest man-made composites, used more than any other man-made material in the world.
Wood is a natural composite of cellulose fibres in a matrix of lignin. The earliest man-made composite materials were straw and mud combined to form bricks for building construction. This ancient brick-making process was documented by Egyptian tomb paintings. It is still used today in some places.
The Biblical book of Exodus tells of the Israelites that were oppressed by Pharaoh and forced to make ""bricks without straw"".
A fibre-reinforced polymer (also fibre-reinforced plastic ("FRP")) is a composite material that consists of a polymer matrix that is reinforced with fibres. The fibres are usually fibreglass, carbon, or aramid, the polymer is usually an epoxy, vinylester or polyester thermosetting plastic. FRPs are commonly used in the aerospace, automobile, marine, and construction industries.
Fermi worked at Columbia University where he studied Nuclear fission, which is to say how atoms break apart and he then moved to Chicago where he built a Nuclear reactor in 1942. Then Dr. Julius Robert Oppenheimer got Fermi to work with him on the Manhattan Project and Fermi helped Oppenheimer and the others to build an Atomic bomb. It was used against Japan at the end of the Second world war.
Surveying is the technique and science of accurately finding out the position of points and the distances and angles between them. These points are usually, but not always, associated with positions on the surface of the Earth. They are often used to make land maps and boundaries for ownership of land. A person who does the surveying is called a surveyor. In order to find the information they need, surveyors use geometry, engineering, trigonometry, mathematics, physics, geology and law.
Surveying has existed throughout much of our history. In ancient Egypt, when the Nile River overflowed its banks and washed out farm boundaries, the boundaries were recreated by surveyors using simple geometry. The construction of the pyramids, including the Great Pyramids of Giza (built c. 2700 BC) show us that the Ancient Egyptians used surveying efficiently.
There are different types of surveyor. A construction or building surveyor is the person who has to make sure that buildings are being put up in the correct place and fit in with planning and building laws. A quantity surveyor is the person who keeps track of costs on a building project. A hydrographic surveyor measures features to do with water, such as rivers, lakes and oceans. A marine surveyor inspects ships. A mine surveyor is the person who finds out the position of underground mines, for example gold mines or coal mines.
The most reactive metals are Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), and Francium (Fr)
See Alkaline earth metal. They are Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba), Radium (Ra)
See Transition metals. Transition Metals are the most number of elements in the periodic table. They are Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Chromium (Cr), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Manganese (Mn), Mercury (Hg), Scandium (Sc), Titanium (Ti), Vanadium (V), Silver (Ag), Gold (Au), Cadmium (Cd), Tungsten (W), Platinum (Pt), Yttrium (Y), Molybdenum (Mo) and others.
The noble gases are the 18th group in the periodic table. They are Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), Xenon (Xe), and Radon (Rn). They were previously called Inert gases.
The number of atomic orbitals in an element is defined by the period the element is in. Electrons move between orbitals depending on how much energy they have and how many other electrons there are.
Every year, the American business magazine Forbes, and its website, releases a list of billionaires called "The World's Billionaires".
Between 1945 and 1960 many members of the government of East Germany lived in the Majakowskiring district of Pankow. Western writers often called Pankow capital of East Germany, or used Pankow as shorthand for the East German government.
Thrillville is a PlayStation 2, Xbox and PlayStation Portable video game. It was made by LucasArts and Frontier Developments. Players make their own theme park. They make roller coasters, game stalls, rides, race tracks and food and drink shops.
Uncle Mortimer, a strange scientist, puts the player in charge of Thrillville. It is a large theme park with roller coasters, games, rides, and racetracks. The player then picks a character. The character can be moved through each theme park. He must try to finish missions in the theme park before he can move on to the next one.
Garrison, another theme park owner, has his own theme park called Globo-joy. Globo-joy competes against Thrillville. The player must do difficult tasks to make Thrillville the best theme park.
Thrillville: Off the Rails was the second game of the series. It came out in 2007 for the PlayStation 2, Wii, Xbox 360, Nintendo DS, PlayStation Portable and Microsoft Windows. "Off the Rails" allows roller coasters to crash. It also added more minigames, characters with conversation skills amd more options. Off the Rails also added many songs including "Parklife" by Blur and "Smile (Lily Allen song)" by Lily Allen.
a unnamed Thrillville game is in the works for Xbox one, PlayStation 6 and Nintendo switch, set to be released in 2025.
Volvo is a Swedish car and truck maker founded in 1927. It has the following two divisions:
In March 2010, Ford signed a deal to sell "Volvo Cars" to the Chinese automaker Geely for $1.8 billion. Volvo cars has is making all of it's cars zero emission by the year 2030.
Platanaceae is a family of flowering plants. The family has only one genus "platanus". This genus has six to ten species of tall trees. The trees grow naturally in temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. In all species, the flowers grow in dense groups of small flowers. The fruits are small achenes with hairs near the base.
Visual Studio Tools for Office (Sometime written as "VSTO") is an add-on product for Microsoft's Visual Studio product that enables developers to create applications using Microsoft Office.
Lift coefficient
Turbulence or turbulent flow is violent, unsteady, chaotic movement of fluids like air and water. It is contrasted with laminar flow. Most motion of fluids in real life (outside laboratories) is turbulent.
Praxidike belongs to the Ananke group, believed to be the remnants of a break-up of a captured asteroid. With an estimated diameter of 7 km, Praxidike is the second biggest member of the group after Ananke itself (assumed albedo of 0.04)
The No. 1989 Great Dark Spot (also known as GDS-89) was a dark spot on Neptune similar in appearance to Jupiter's Great Red Spot. It was discovered in 1989 by NASA's "Voyager 2" probe. Although it appears similar to Jupiter's spot, which is an anticyclonic storm (this is like a hurricane), it is believed that the Great Dark Spot is an atmospheric hole similar to the hole in Earth's ozone layer.
The Small Dark Spot, sometimes also called Dark Spot 2 or The Wizard's Eye, was a southern cyclonic storm on the planet Neptune. It was the second strongest storm on the planet in 1989, when Voyager 2 flew by the planet. When first discovered, it was a dark cyclonic storm. As Voyager 2 approached the planet, a bright core of cloud activity developed. It disappeared in 1994.
The Roche limit (), or Roche radius, is a planetary distance.
Inside the Roche limit, orbiting material will form planetary rings. Outside the limit, material sticks together and forms satellites.
A synchronous orbit is an orbit in which an orbiting body (usually a satellite) has a period equal to the average rotational period of the body being orbited (usually a planet). Or in smaller words, the orbit above and the spinning planet below, go around once in the same amount of time. It orbits in the same direction of rotation as that body. So if you were on the orbiting body, you would always see the same side of the body being orbited. Or if you were on the body being orbited, the orbiting body would stay in the same part of the sky. Geostationary orbit is the most common kind.
Eirene (moon)
Eirene is a non-spherical moon of Jupiter. It was found by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2003. It was called until 2019.
Magnolia is a genus of about 210 to 340 species.
The Angiosperm taxonomical names "Magnoliophyta" (division) and "Magnoliopsida" (class) come from this genus. Charles Plumier gave a flowering tree from the island of Martinique the genus name "Magnolia", after French botanist Pier Magnol.
"Magnolia" is an ancient genus. It appeared before bees evolved. The flowers are thought to have evolved by encouraging pollination by beetles.
To avoid damage from pollinating beetles, the carpels of "Magnolia" flowers are extremely tough.
In 2013, NASA announced that Voyager 1 had left the solar system (Heliosphere) on 25 August 2012. It is the first man-made object to enter interstellar space. In 2018, NASA announced that Voyager 2 had reached the heliopause on 5 November of that year. Both of them are now in travelling in the interstellar space. Voyager spacecraft are the farthest spacecraft from Earth. On February 17, 1998, Voyager 1 passed the first spacecraft that completed the 1st mission to Jupiter, Pioneer 10 in the distance to the Sun at 70 AU (6.5 billion miles, 10.5 billion km) from it as the farthest spacecraft from the Sun. Voyager 2 overtook Pioneer 10 in the distance to the Sun at 133.92 AU (12.447 billion miles, 20.03 billion km) from it on July 18, 2023 as the 2nd farthest spacecraft from the Sun.
Edward Guinan is currently a professor in Villanova University's Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics. He and two colleagues discovered Neptune's ring system.
An occultation is an event that occurs when one object is hidden by another object that passes between it and the observer. A planet, for example, can pass in front of a star. Some occultations are eclipses. The word is often used in astronomy. It can also be used in a non-astronomical sense to describe when an object in the foreground "occults" (covers up) objects in the background.
Adaptive optics is a technology to improve the performance of optical systems by reducing the effects of rapidly changing optical distortion. It is commonly used on astronomical telescopes to remove the effects of atmospheric distortion.
Adaptive optical works by measuring the distortion and rapidly compensating for it either using deformable mirrors or material with variable refractive properties. While the idea was theoretically understood for some time, it was only advances in computer technology during the 1990s that finally made the technique practical.
A significant fraction of the distortion introduced by the atmosphere can be removed in this way. Tip-tilt mirrors are widely used in night time and solar telescopes, to correct the effect introduced by Earth's atmosphere on the light path and improve image quality.
Tip-tilt mirrors are effectively segmented adaptive optics mirrors with only one segment which can tip and tilt, rather than having an array of multiple segments which can tip and tilt independently.
Optical depth is a measure of transparency. It is defined as the fraction of radiation (or light) that is scattered or absorbed on a path. One way of visualizing optical depth is to think of a fog. The fog between a person and an object that is immediately in front of them has an optical depth of zero. As the object moves away, the optical depth increases until it reaches a large value and the object is no longer visible.
Opacity or opaque means something that is difficult to see through or perceive. It can also mean:
Since the end of the series rumors have circulated that a feature-length movie was in the works. In 2003 Screenwriter Katherine Fugate was approached for the project, and was quoted saying that she expects the start of production to be three to five years away, which suggests a release sometime between 2006 and 2009. Actress Lucy Lawless has been quoted in several interviews as saying she would be interested in participating in a "Xena" movie as well.
Uberfic is a kind of alternative universe fan fiction in which characters or events are portrayed somewhat closely to original canon but usually in a different time period, many times featuring the ancestors, descendants or reincarnations of canon characters. The term originated in "Xena: Warrior Princess" fandom. This sort of story was used by the series itself, beginning with the second-season episode "The Xena Scrolls".
The English free settlers went to Australia to be free. They wanted to make money as well. They also wanted to explore Australian families who wanted a better life with their children. Some people called the English Free settlers "pilgrims".
Verse (poetry)
It is defined by the following equation:
Burr conspired to form a new country in Mexico. He wanted to be present if and when Spain and Mexico went to war. Some people, including President Thomas Jefferson, who had picked a different vice president for his second term, saw Burr's actions as treason. However, in 1807 Burr was found innocent of the charges. He was often thought of by his enemies as unreliable. Burr died in 1836.
Ennenda was a municipality, in the municipality of Glarus and canton of Glarus in Switzerland.
Filzbach was a municipality in the municipality of Glarus Nord and canton of Glarus in Switzerland.
Since 1 January 2011, the municipality Glarus includes the former municipalities of Ennenda, Netstal and Riedern.
Agno is a municipality of the district of Lugano, canton of Ticino in Switzerland. It is not far from the city of Lugano.
Lugano Airport is in this municipality.
Alto Malcantone is a municipality of the district of Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. It was formed on 13 March 2005 from the earlier municipalities of Arosio, Breno, Fescoggia, Mugena and Vezio.
Morbio Inferiore is a municipality of the canton of Ticino, Switzerland. It is in the hills above Chiasso. It is in the district of Mendrisio.
Caneggio was a municipality of the district of Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 25 October 2009, the former municipalities of Bruzella, Cabbio, Caneggio, Morbio Superiore, Muggio and Sagno merged into the new municipality of Breggia.
Cabbio was a municipality of the district Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 25 October 2009, the former municipalities of Bruzella, Cabbio, Caneggio, Morbio Superiore, Muggio and Sagno merged into the new municipality of Breggia
Sagno is a former municipality of the district Mendrisio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 25 October 2009 the former municipalities of Bruzella, Cabbio, Caneggio, Morbio Superiore, Muggio and Sagno merged into the new municipality of Breggia.
Aarwangen District
Aarau District
Baden District, Aargau
Bremgarten District
Brugg District
Kulm District
Laufenburg District
Carlos Ray "Chuck" Norris (born March 10, 1940) is an American actor. martial artist and celebrity. He served in the United States Air Force. He became famous as a martial artist and started his own school, Chun Kuk Do. Norris was cast in several action movies, such as "Way of the Dragon". He was The Cannon Group's star in the 1980s. He played Cordell Walker in the action television series "Walker, Texas Ranger" from 1993 to 2001.
Norris is a political conservative.
He has written books on Christianity. In 2007 and 2008, he campaigned for former Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee, who was running for the Republican nomination for President in 2008. In the 2012 election he endorsed former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich, and he supported Donald Trump in 2016. Norris also is a columnist for the conservative website "WorldNetDaily".
DeWitt Clinton, his nephew, also became governor of New York. George Clinton is of no relation to the 42nd president, Bill Clinton, who took his stepfather's surname as a child.
Saint Ignatius of Antioch (also known as Theophorus) (AD. 35-107) was the third Bishop or Patriarch of Antioch and a student of the Apostle John. En route to his martyrdom in Rome, Ignatius wrote a series of letters, including one to Polycarp, bishop of Smyrna, who had also known John. These letters are an example of the theology of the earliest Christians. Important topics addressed in these letters include ecclesiology, the sacraments, and the role of bishops.
Eupheme (moon)
Eupheme is a moon of Jupiter. It was found by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard in 2003. It used to be called . It was named Eupheme in 2019.
Lenzburg District
Lenzburg is a district of the Canton of Aargau in Switzerland. The capital is the town of Lenzburg. The district contains a total of 20 municipalities:
Muri District
Rheinfelden District
Zofingen District
Zurzach District
A few artifacts from the Neolithic period were found in Aarau. Near the present train station, the ruins of a settlement from the Bronze Age (about 1000 BC) have been excavated. The Roman road between Salodurum (Solothurn) and Vindonissa passed through the area, along the route now covered by the Bahnhofstrasse. In 1976 divers in the Aar found part of a seven-meter wide wooden bridge from the late Roman times.
Aarau was founded around 1240 A.D. by the counts of Kyburg. The earliest use of the place name was in 1248 (in the form Arowe), and probably referred to the settlement in the area before the founding of the city. It comes, along with the name of the River Aar (which was called Arula, Arola, and Araris in early times), from the German Au, meaning floodplain. The first certain reference to the city dates to 1256. The town was ruled from the "Rore" tower, which has been incorporated into the modern city hall.
In 1273 the counts of Kyburg died out. Agnes of Kyburg, who had no male relations, sold the family's lands to King Rudolf I von Habsburg. He granted Aarau its city rights in 1283. In the 14th Century the city was expanded in two stages, and a second defensive wall was built. A deep ditch separated the city from its "suburb;" its location is today marked by a wide street named "Graben" (meaning ditch).
In 1415 Bern invaded lower Aargau with the help of Solothurn. Aarau was forced to swear allegiance to the new rulers. In the 16th Century, the rights of the lower classes were abolished. In March 1528 the citizens of Aarau allowed the introduction of Protestantism at the urging of the Bernese. A growth in population during the 16th Century led to taller buildings and more dense construction methods. Early forms of industry developed at this time; however, unlike in other cities, no guilds were formed in Aarau.
Starting in the early 18th century, the textile industry was established in Aarau. German immigration introduced cotton and silk factories. These highly educated immigrants were also responsible for education reform and the enlightened, revolutionary spirit that developed in Aarau.
On December 27, 1797, the last Tagsatzung of the Old Swiss Confederacy was held in Aarau. Two weeks later a French envoy continued to foment the revolutionary opinions of the city. The contrast between a high level of education and a low level of political rights was great in Aarau, and the city refused to send troops to defend the Bernese border. By Mid-March 1798 Aarau was occupied by French troops.
On March 22, 1798 Aarau was declared the capital of the Helvetic Republic. It was the first capital of a unified Switzerland. Parliament met in the city hall. On September 20, the capital was moved to Lucerne.
In 1803, Napoleon ordered the cantons of Aargau, Baden and Fricktal to be joined together. Aarau was declared the capital of the new, bigger canton of Aargau. In 1820 the city wall was torn down, apart from the individual towers and gates, and the defensive ditches were filled in.
A Theater and Concert Hall was built in 1883. It was renovated and expanded in 1995-96. The Aargau Nature Museum opened in 1922. A former cloth warehouse was transformed into a small theater in 1974, and the alternative culture center KIFF (Culture in the fodder factory) was established in a former animal fodder factory.
The historic old city forms an irregular square, consisting of four parts (called Stoecke). To the south lies the "suburb", that is, the part of the town which was outside the city wall. One special characteristic of the city is its painted gables, for which Aarau is sometimes called the "City of beautiful Gables".
The Ccanton government offices can be found throughout the city and they employ a lot of people.
Kern & Co., founded in 1819, was an internationally known geodetic instrument manufacturer based in Aarau. It was taken over by Wild Leitz in 1988, and was closed in 1991.
More than half of the workers in Aarau live in the city's suburbs, or on the outskirts of the city. Aarau gets some jams of cars and buses sometimes during rush hour.
Ammerswil is a municipality of the district Lenzburg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland. It is located 3 km south-east of the town of Lenzburg.
Religious toleration is people allowing other people to think or practice other religions and beliefs. In a country with a state religion, "toleration" means that the government allows other religions to be there. Many countries in past centuries allowed other religions but only in privacy. This has become rare. Others allow public religion but practice religious discrimination in other ways. It allow to follow and practice.
Attelwil is a former municipality of the district Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. On 1 January 2019, Attelwil merged into the municipality of Reitnau.
Jupiter LXI
Jupiter LXI, also known as , is a moon of Jupiter. It was found by a team of astronomers led by Brett J. Gladman, et al. in 2003.
Cossonay was a district of the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland. The capital was the town of Cossonay.
Where Theodosius () was born is unknown. According to Hydatius and Zosimus, Theodosius was born in what is now Coca, Spain. However, Marcellinus Comes writes that he was from Italica, Hispania (now in Spain). His father was a military officer.
Theodosius died in Milan on January 17, 395. When he died he was made into a god. Parts of the Christian Church name Theodosius a saint.
The area of the district is 372.99 square kilometers (144.01 sq mi). Of this area, 205.69 km (79.42 sq mi) or 55.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while 126.4 km (48.8 sq mi) or 33.9% is forested.The remaining area, 38.25 km (14.77 sq mi) or 10.3% is settled (buildings or roads) and 2.66 km (1.03 sq mi) or 0.7% is unproductive land.
Anzonico is a former municipality of the district of Leventina in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 1 April 2012 the former municipalities of Anzonico, Calpiogna, Campello, Cavagnago, Chironico, Mairengo and Osco merged to form the municipality of Faido.
Aquila is a former municipality of the district of Blenio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 22 October 2006 the former municipalities of Aquila, Campo (Blenio), Ghirone, Olivone and Torre merged into the new municipality of Blenio.
Basadingen-Schlattingen is a municipality of the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
Berlingen is a municipality of the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
Philophrosyne (moon)
Philophrosyne is a moon of Jupiter. It was found by a team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii led by Scott S. Sheppard, "et al." in 2003. It was called until 2019.
Jupiter LV
Jupiter LV, also called , is a moon of Jupiter. It was found by a team of astronomers led by Brett J. Gladman in 2003.
Most commercial aircraft are flown in the tropopause. To put it into even simpler words, the tropopause is the interferance between the troposphere and the stratosphere.
Victoria Caroline Beckham (born 17 April 1974) is an English singer, songwriter, fashion designer and businesswoman. She was a member of a pop group called the Spice Girls. Her nickname in the group was Posh Spice. She is the wife of football player David Beckham.
Victoria Adams was a member of the popular girl group Spice Girls. While in the group, her nickname was Posh Spice.
She had a short solo career after leaving the Spice Girls in 2001, unlike her fellow members, she didn't have a solo No.1. She stopped her music career and became a fashion designer and started clothes and perfume businesses with her husband.
She has married David Beckham in July 1999. The couple have four children, three sons and their youngest child is a daughter.
The purpose of the head tie worn by enslaved African women was to protect their hair as they labored (or did heavy work).
The name of the head tie varies according to region and historical context. These names have included: tignon (United States), dhuku (Zimbabwe), tukwi (Botswana) and doek (South Africa and Namibia).
Dupatta (, ) is a long scarf that is an important part of many South Asian women's suits. Some "dupatta suits" include the salwar kameez, the trouser suit, and the kurta. The dupatta is also worn over the Hindu outfit of lehenga or ghaghra- choli. The dupatta has long been a symbol of modesty in South Asian dress. It is traditionally worn across both shoulders. However, the dupatta can also be worn like a cape around the entire torso. The material for the dupatta varies according to the suit: cotton, georgette, silk, chiffon, and more. The other names for dupatta are chunri and chunni (sometimes shortened to 'unni' by many Gujaratis).
Charles attacked Russia again in 1707 with the Ukrainian leader, hetman Mazeppa. After more than a 1000 km walk in 1709, the Swedish king suffered a defeat from the Tsar. Charles had to flee to Turkey. He could only return to Sweden in 1714. He tried to compensate for the lost territories by a war against Norway. During the battle he was shot in the head and died in 1718. The wars of Charles XII made Sweden weaker.
Sinope has an estimated diameter of 38 km (assuming an albedo of 0.04) The moon is red unlike Pasiphae which is grey.
A French press is a round jug. This jug can be glass or clear plastic. The jug has a lid and a "plunger". The plunger fits in the jug very well. It usually has some kind of steel or plastic wire, that acts as a filter. Coffee is brewed by placing the coffee and water together, leaving to brew for a few minutes, then pushing the plunger down. This keeps the coffee grounds at the bottom of the jug.
The French press is also more portable than other coffee makers. Special versions for travellers also exist. They are made of tough plastic instead of glass. They also have a sealed lid with a closable drinking hole. Some versions are marketed to hikers and backpackers. These people may not want to carry a heavy metal percolator or a filter using drip brew.
The Rust Belt is a term that refers to an area of the northern United States. The area is mostly the states near the Great Lakes, and some of them are considered to be Midwest states. This area was once known for steel production and heavy industry. That industry has greatly decreased since the middle of the 20th century. As the name might imply, the area has sort of turned to "rust", like what happens to old steel. Much of this decrease in industry is because of the United States using manufacturers from other countries. It became an Industrial hub because of its proximity to The Great Lakes, canals, and rivers which companies used to access raw materials and ship out products.
The Pax Romana was a period when there was a lot of peace in the Roman Empire. "Pax" means "peace" in the Latin language; "Romana" means "Roman" in Latin. So, "Pax Romana" means "Roman peace."
the Pax Romana lasted from 27 BC until 180 AD. It started when Augustus was Emperor (ruler) of the Roman Empire. The Pax Romana is called a good time period because:
The Pax Romana, which in Latin means "Roman Peace", was a period from about 2000 to about 1800 years ago when the Roman Empire had reached the height of its size and had few military conflicts. The Pax Romana was not always totally peaceful, as a transition within government could lead to chaos, but is remembered as a golden age for Rome where the empire grew wealthy and no threats challenged Roman dominance in Europe, northern Africa, or the Middle East. During this time period, they grew tremendously in architecture, science, mathematics,
The UH-1 Iroquois (although known mainly as the Huey) was a helicopter made by Bell Helicopters. It first flew in 1956 and was introduced in 1959. It was known for being in the Vietnam War. It could be used for transporting soldiers, cargo, support, helping lost soldiers or pilots, or attacking enemies. One version, the UH-1V was made just for helping hurt people getting to hospitals. Some Hueys were given to civilians to for business travel, forest fire fighters, and police stations.. Now, the UH-60 Black Hawk is mainly used, but the Huey is still in service with countries.
Large organizations use terabytes of storage to hold massive amounts of data. People at home might use terabytes for backups. An external hard drive can be several terabytes.
Meteora is the second studio album by Linkin Park. Linkin Park is an American rock band. The band released the album on March 25, 2003. Over 5.5 million copies of the album have been sold in the United States. Over 15 million copies of it have been sold overall. The band recorded the album for almost a year.
"Meteora" was number one on the "Billboard" 200. The album had many singles. The RIAA gave the album a platinum certification. In 2023, Linkin Park released a new version of "Meteora". They did this for the album's 20th anniversary.
Bottighofen is on Lake Constance.
Erlen is a municipality of the district of Weinfelden in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
Eschenz is a municipality of the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
Fischingen
Count Olaf is the principal villain, antihero and primary character from Lemony Snicket's "A Series of Unfortunate Events". His main goal throughout the series is to inherit or steal the Baudelaire fortune. He attempts numerous acts to try to get that fortune, such as trying to marry Violet, kidnap Sunny, and trip Klaus to have him fall and break his glasses (Miserable Mill) etc. He has a tattoo of an eye on his left ankle. He is one of the Baudelaire's extended family member.
Warhammer 40,000 also called 40K is a table-top game. Model armies fight each other on miniature terrain. The armies include: Necrons, Tyranids, Space Marines, Chaos Space Marines, Eldar, Dark Eldar, Tau and Imperial Guard. Players roll dice to find out which armies win battles. A ruler shows how far a unit moves. Two or more players are needed for a game. Each player takes it turns to move, shoot, then assault.
Each army has different kinds of weapons. Weapons have different strength and armor piercing value. Each army has different kinds of units. Each unit has a rating for strength, toughness, armor save, leadership, weapon and combat skill. These ratings are important for winning or losing.
Hauptwil-Gottshaus is a municipality in the district of Weinfelden in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
Herdern is a municipality of the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
Hohentannen is a municipality of the district of Weinfelden in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
Homburg is a municipality of the district of Frauenfeld in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
Sean Watkins (b. February 18, 1977) is an American guitarist. He is best known as a member of the Californian acoustic trio Nickel Creek.
Sara Watkins (born June 8, 1981) is an American violinist. She is most famous as a member of Californian bluegrass band Nickel Creek.
A crochet hook is a tool used for making crochet fabric. The hook at the end is used to grab yarn. The tool also has a flat part for fingers to hold during work. Crochet hooks come in different sizes for different sizes of yarn.
"Pterodaustro" was medium-sized, with an adult wing-span of about two meters. It has only been found in Brazil.
Himalia did not get its present name until 1975; before then, it was simply known as or Jupiter Satellite VI, although calls for a full name appeared shortly after its and Elara's discovery. A.C.D. Crommelin wrote in 1905,
While the most common practice is for a hero to be the protagonist and the villain to be the antagonist this is not always the case. As an example in the manga/anime series Death Note protagonist Light Yagami was the villain as it was his goal to rid the world of criminals in order to create his own ideal "utopia" and rule it like a god while antagonist L was the hero as it was his goal to end Light's psychotic killing spree. Also a good example is the animated series Invader Zim where titular protagonist Zim is the villain as it was his ultimate goal to conquer and take over Earth while antagonist Dib is the hero as it was his goal to stop Zim's diabolical plans. Another example is Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street where the titular protagonist and the antagonist Judge Turpin were both villains.
Ganymede is the largest of the 95 known moons of the planet Jupiter. It is also the largest moon in the Solar System. Ganymede is larger in diameter than the planet Mercury, but has only about half of its mass. Ganymede is much less dense. Ganymede is part of a group called the Galilean Satellites. These also include Io, Europa and Callisto.
Callisto is a moon of the planet Jupiter. It was discovered in 1610 by Galileo Galilei and named after Kallisto. It is the second largest moon orbiting Jupiter, after Ganymede, and the third largest moon in the Solar System.
Callisto is almost the same size as the planet Mercury, being 99% the diameter of the planet, but is much less massive. Of the four Galilean moons of Jupiter, Callisto is the farthest out, with an orbital radius of about 1,880,000 kilometres. It does not form part of the orbital resonance that affects three inner Galilean satellites, Io, Europa and Ganymede. Like the Earth's Moon, Callisto rotates synchronously with its orbital period. This means that one side is always turned toward Jupiter, while the other side never sees the face of the planet. Callisto's surface is less affected by Jupiter's magnetosphere than the seven moons nearer the planet.
Callisto is surrounded by an extremely thin atmosphere made out of carbon dioxide and probably oxygen molecules. There is also a rather intense ionosphere. An ocean is thought to exist within Callisto. This may mean that life might exist. However, this is less likely than on nearby Europa.
Troyal Garth Brooks, commonly known as Garth Brooks, (born February 7, 1962) is an American country music singer and songwriter. He uses rock elements in his recordings and live performances. Brooks was successful in the country singles and country album charts and later also proved popular in the mainstream pop arena, exposing country music to a larger audience.
He started performing at bars while studying advertising in college and also working as a bouncer. In 2001, Brooks officially retired from recording and performing, after having conflicts between his career and family. During this time he has sold millions of albums through an exclusive distribution deal with Walmart and has released new singles from time to time.
The Mitsubishi Model A is the only car built by the Mitsubishi Shipbuilding Company, a member of the Mitsubishi "keiretsu" which would later become Mitsubishi Motors, and the first automobile made in Japan. Based on the Fiat "Tipo 3", it was a four-door seven-seat sedan powered by a front-mounted 26kW 2.8 litre straight-4 engine driving the rear wheels, and could drive as fast as 20 mph. 22 were built at the company's Kobe shipyard between 1917 and 1921.