adityasasidhar/Wikipedia_Cleaned huggingface dataset:
These events ended the king's independence. They were the start of a new balance of power. In the end, the established, privileged orders of the French nobility would lose their influence in favor of the common people, collectively known as the Third Estate. By bringing together people representing the sources of the Revolution in their largest numbers yet, the march on Versailles proved to be a defining moment of the Revolution.
The king's court and the deputies of the National Constituent Assembly resided comfortably in the royal city of Versailles. There, they were talking about big changes to to the French political system. Reformist deputies had managed to pass sweeping legislation in the weeks after the Bastille's fall, including the revolutionary August Decrees and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. The August Decrees formally abolished most privileges of noblemen and clergy. Their attention then shifted, towards the creation of a permanent constitution. There were different fractions, who wanted different things in the constitution. Some people,called Monarchists, thought that a monarchy was not that bad. After the revolution, they had a difficult position against the Reformers, who wanted to abolish the monarchy. By September of that year, the position of the Monarchists started to improve. During constitutional negotiations they were able to secure a legislative veto power for the king. Many of the reformers did not expect this; further negotiations were hobbled by discord.
Reforners found it difficult to negotiate in Versailles, the seat of power. They felt more at ease in Paris. Paris lay within walking distance, less than to the northeast. The reformist deputies were well aware that the four hundred or more monarchist deputies were working to transfer the Assembly to the distant royalist city of Tours, a place even less hospitable to their efforts than Versailles. Worse, many feared that the King, emboldened by the growing presence of royal troops, might simply dissolve the Assembly, or at least undo the August decrees. The King was indeed considering this, and when, on 18 September, he issued a formal statement giving his approval to only a portion of the decrees, the deputies were incensed. Stoking their anger even further, the King stated on 4 October that he had reservations about the Declaration of the Rights of Man.
There was a rebellion of the French Guards a few hours before the storming of the Bastille. The only troops immediately available for the security of the palace at Versailles were the aristocratic Garde du Corps (Body Guard) and the Cent-Suisses (Hundred Swiss). Both were primarily ceremonial units and lacked the numbers and training to provide effective protection for the royal family and the government. The king's minister of war, the Comte de Saint-Priest ordered the Flanders Regiment (a regular infantry regiment of the Royal Army) to Versailles in late September 1789. He did this out of precaution.
On 1 October, the officers at Versailles held a welcoming banquet for the officers of the newly-arrived troops. This was common practice when a unit changed its garrison. The royal family briefly attended, walking amongst the tables set up in the opera house of the palace. Outside, in the "cour de marbre" (central courtyard), the soldiers' toasts and oaths of fealty to the king grew more demonstrative as the night wore on.
The banquet was held at a time where many people did not have enough food, or could not afford it. So this banquet was an affront. Many newspaprs, among them "L'Ami du peuple," reported on the banquet. They called it a gluttonous orgy. Worst of all, the papers also wrote about that the tricolor cockade; had been desecrated: drunken officers were said to have stamped upon this symbol of the nation and professed their allegiance solely to the white cockade of the House of Bourbon. This tale of the royal banquet was a source of intense public outrage.
The hunger and despair of the market women was the original reason for the march. What started as a search for bread soon took on other goals. Notably, there was common resentment against the reactionary attitudes prevailing in Court circles even before the uproar sparked by the notorious banquet precipitated the political aspects of the march. Activists in the crowd spread the word that the king needed to dismiss his royal bodyguards entirely and replace them all with patriotic National Guardsmen, a line of argument that resonated with Lafayette's soldiers.
These two popular goals led to a third, which was that the King and his court, and the Assembly as well, must all be moved to Paris to reside among the people. Only then would the foreign soldiers be expelled, food supply would be reliable and France served by a leader who was "in communion with his own people". The plan appealed to all segments of the crowd. Even those who were supportive of the monarchy (and there were many among the women) felt the idea of bringing home "le bon papa" was a good and comforting plan. For revolutionaries, the preservation of their recent legislative victories and the creation of a constitution were very important and a lockdown of the king within reformist Paris would provide a good environment for the Revolution to succeed.
When the crowd reached Versailles, it was met by another group that had assembled from the surrounding area. Members of the Assembly greeted the marchers and invited Maillard into their hall, where he talked about the Flanders Regiment and the people's need for bread. As he spoke, the restless Parisians came pouring into the Assembly and sank exhausted on the deputies' benches. Hungry, fatigued, and bedraggled from the rain, they seemed to confirm that the siege was a simple demand for food. The unprotected deputies had no choice but to receive the marchers, who shouted down most of the speakers and demanded to hear from the popular reformist deputy Mirabeau. The great speaker declined this chance to speak. He joined with the market women, even sitting for some time with one of them upon his knee. A few other deputies welcomed the marchers warmly, including Maximilien Robespierre who was at that time a relatively obscure political figure. Robespierre spoke strong words of support for the women and their plight; his intervention helped to soften the crowd's hostility towards the Assembly.
The president of the Assembly, was Jean Joseph Mounier. When they arrived, Mounier had few options. For this reason, he accompanied a deputation of market-women into the palace to see the king. The crowd elected six women. Mounier accompanied these six women to the king's appartment, where they told the king of the problems of the crowd. The king responded sympathetically, and using all his charm impressed the women to the point that one of them fainted at his feet. After this brief but pleasant meeting, arrangements were made to disttribute some food from the royal stores, with more promised. Some people in the crowd felt that their goals had been met. As rain once again began to pelt Versailles, Maillard and a small cluster of market women trooped triumphantly back to Paris.
Late in the evening, Lafayette's national guardsmen approached up the "Avenue de Paris". Lafayette immediately left his troops and went to see the king, grandly announcing himself with the declaration, "I have come to die at the feet of Your Majesty". Outside, an uneasy night was spent in which his Parisian guardsmen mingled with the marchers, and the two groups sounded each other out. Many in the crowd denounced Lafayette as a traitor, complaining of his resistance to leaving Paris and the slowness of his march. By the first light of morning, it was clear that the national guards and the women had formed an alliance and the crowd's vigor was restored.
At about six o'clock in the morning, some of the protesters discovered a small gate to the palace was unguarded. Making their way inside, they searched for the queen's bedchamber. The royal guards retreated through the palace, locking doors and barricading hallways and those in the compromised sector, the "cour de marbre", fired their guns at the intruders, killing a young member of the crowd. Infuriated, the rest surged towards the breach and streamed inside.
One of the "gardes du corps" on duty was killed immediately and his body decapitated. A second , posted outside the entrance to the Queen's apartments, attempted to face down the crowd and was struck down severely wounded. As battering and screaming filled the halls around her, the queen ran barefoot with her ladies to the king's bedchamber and spent several minutes banging on its locked door, unheard above the din. They escaped through the doorway safely and in time to avoid the crowd.
The chaos continued as other royal guards were found and beaten; at least one more was killed and his head too appeared atop a pike. Finally, the fury of the attack subsided enough to permit some communication between the former French Guards, who formed the professional core of Lafayette's National Guard militia, and the royal "gardes du corps". The units had a history of cooperation and a military sense of mutual respect, and Lafayette, who had been sleeping, awoke and intervened. The two groups of soldiers were reconciled by Lafayette and a tenuous peace was established within the palace.
The fighting stopped, and the two commands of troops had cleared the inside of the palace. The mob was still present outside the palace. The rank and file of both the Flanders Regiment and another regular unit present, the Montmorency Dragoons, now appeared unwilling to act against the people. While the "guet" (watch) of Gardes du Corps on palace duty overnight had shown courage in protecting the royal family, the main body of the regiment had abandoned their position near the Triannon and retreated to Rambouillet at dawn. Lafayette convinced the king to address the crowd. When the two men stepped out on a balcony an unexpected cry went up: ""Vive le Roi!"" (Long live the king!) The relieved king briefly conveyed his willingness to return to Paris, acceding "to the love of my good and faithful subjects". As the crowd cheered, Lafayette stoked their joy by dramatically pinning a tricolor cockade to the hat of the king's nearest bodyguard.
The goodwill generated by these displays defused the situation, but to many observers the scene on the balcony lacked long-term resonance. However pleased it may have been by the royal displays, the crowd insisted that the king return with them to Paris.
No one understood this so well as the king himself. After arriving at the dilapidated Tuileries Palace, abandoned since the reign of Louis XIV, he was asked for his orders and he replied with uncharacteristic diffidence, "Let everyone put himself where he pleases!". He then poignantly asked that a history of the deposed Charles I of England be brought from the library.
Fear conditioning is a process that helps our brain learn to associate certain things with fear. This mechanism plays a crucial role in how we respond to potentially threatening situations
Fear conditioning is a type of learning where our brain associates a neutral stimulus with a fearful experience. In simple terms, it's like our brain creating a connection between something ordinary and something scary.
Imagine you hear a specific sound, like a bell ringing. At first, this sound means nothing to
you; it's neutral and doesn't provoke any fear.
Now, let's say that every time the bell rings, something scary happens, like a loud noise or a sudden shock. Your brain starts connecting the neutral sound (bell) with the frightening experience.
After repeated pairings of the bell and the scary event, your brain starts associating the bell with fear. Now, even if the scary event doesn't happen, just hearing the bell can make you feel afraid.
The amygdala, a small almond-shaped structure in the brain, is the key player in fear conditioning. It processes emotions, including fear, and helps us respond appropriately to potential threats. When the neutral stimulus becomes associated with fear, the amygdala signals our body to react, preparing us to face the perceived danger.
A classic example of conditioning to a neutral stimulus is
Pavlov's experiment with dogs. He paired the sound of a bell with the presentation of food. Eventually, the dogs started salivating at the sound of the bell alone, anticipating the food.
In another famous experiment, Little Albert was exposed to a white rat along with loud noises. Over time, he became afraid not only of the rat but also of similar white, furry objects, illustrating how fear can generalize to similar stimuli.
Understanding fear conditioning helps us comprehend how phobias and anxiety disorders may develop. Traumatic experiences can lead to the association of neutral stimuli with fear, contributing to the persistence of irrational fears.
Fear conditioning is a fundamental process that allows our brains to adapt and respond to potential threats. By associating neutral stimuli with fear, our brain learns to recognize and react to situations that may be harmful. This simple yet powerful mechanism is crucial for our survival and shapes our emotional responses to the world around us.
Hassanally Abdul Rahman
Hassanally Aabdul Rahman or Hassan Ali Abdul Rahman ( ) was a lawyer and politician born in Karachi, Sindh. He lived from 1909 to 1986.
He was born to a family of legal professionals, government officers, and people active in the education sector. His father was the late and influential Karachi citizen, Barrister Abdurrahman. He received his barrister-at-law from Middle Temple, England in 1934.
He was one of the founding architects along with his younger brother Tufail Ali Abdul Rehman of the Sindh Muslim Government Law College in Karachi. He also served as the first principal of the college. Known as a social and community leader, Rahman was the vice chancellor of Sindh University, Jamshoro, where he served twice in the same capacity.
He was the treasurer of the Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, Secretary General of All Pakistan Educational Society, and President/Board Member Sindh Muslim Law College (S.M. Law College). In 1952, he led the Pakistani delegation to UNESCO. In 1953, he represented the country at the Commonwealth University Conference.
Rahman was the older brother of Justice Tufail Ali Abdul Rehman, who also served as Attorney General of Pakistan and the Chief Justice of Sindh and Balochistan High Courts. Tufail Ali Abdul Rehman was also the presiding judge who sat on the Hamoodur Rahman commission post 1971 civil war between then West Pakistan (present-day Pakistan) and East Pakistan (present-day Bangladesh).
In addition, Rahman served as one of the founding members of Karachi University. In 1967 he was removed from that position because of political discontent.
Rahman became a barrister and was also politically active in the British Raj. He along with other fellow barristers worked with Muhammed Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan.
Kickers Offenbach
Bourbonnella
"To see this article, you can check out the Related pages section of List of prehistoric bony fish genera."
Bourbonnella is an extinct genus of freshwater ray-finned fish from the Mississippian.
This fish had a deep, fusiform body. It had an area of small scales supporting the dorsal fin. The smallest was "Bourbonnella guilloti", which was about 15 cm, while the largest was "Bourbonnella fourrieri" of 30 cm.
Caterham's case was verified by Oliver Trim and Waclaw Jan Kroczek, and validated by the Gerontology Research Group (GRG) as of 28 January 2023.
Ethel May Collins was born in Shipton Bellinger, Hampshire, England on 21 August 1909. Her birth was registered in Andover. She was the seventh of eight children. She was raised in Tidworth, Wiltshire. Her elder sister Gladys Maud Babilas died in March 2002, aged 104.
Collins went on voyage to British India in 1927, at the age of 18, and worked as an au pair to a military family there until she was 21. She said: "I have very fond memories of my time in India, British life there was very privileged, we were waited on by servants and we kept both British traditions like Christmas and Indian traditions like Tiffin and Tea. It was not very common in my area for young women to head off to India but my parents were excited for me at the thought of this amazing experience."
Collins met her future husband Norman Caterham at a dinner party in 1931. The couple married at Salisbury Cathedral. Their marriage was registered in Brentford, Middlesex in January 1933. Her husband served in the Royal Army Pay Corps. This saw the couple travel to several parts of the world, including Hong Kong, where she set up a nursery to teach English, crafts and games. They also travelled to Gibraltar, where they started their family; they raised two daughters back in England. Her husband died in July 1976. He was 71.
Caterham has lived in Surrey for over 50 years and has resides in a care home in Ash Vale, Guildford since 2020. She had previously lived in Bisley. She drove until she was 97 and enjoyed playing contract bridge in her centenarian years. She survived COVID-19 in 2020, aged 110, and was visited by the Mayor of Surrey Heath on her 111th birthday in August. Shortly before her 111th birthday, she and her granddaughter were interviewed by BBC Radio Surrey, where she said her secret to her longevity was "taking everything in my stride, the highs and the lows."
Caterham has received letters from Queen Elizabeth II to mark her 100th birthday in August 2009, her 105th birthday in August 2014 and her 110th birthday in August 2019. She had also received eight telegrams from the Queen.
Maria Curie-Sklodowska University
Maria Curie-Sklodowska University is a public research university, in Lublin, Poland. It is named after Marie Curie-Sklodowska.
Imtiaz Qureshi
In 2016, Qureshi received the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honor, for his culinary contributions. He was the first chef to win this award in this category. He died in Mumbai on 16 February 2024, two weeks after his 93rd birthday.
Rhizodus
Rhizodus (meaning "root tooth") is an extinct genus of giant freshwater lobe-finned fish belonging to the group Rhizodontida. It was even bigger than the beluga sturgeon, making it the largest freshwater fish to have ever existed. Carbon-dated fossils show that "Rhizodus" went extinct a mere 8,000 years ago.
What makes "Rhizodus" so unique among other large rhizodonts such as "Barameda" were the massive 22 cm (8.7 in) teeth. They were used to crunch and kill prey into digestible bits, rather than swallowing them whole. This prehistoric monstrosity weighed 4,000 kg and resembled a hulking acanthodian with ginormous teeth. On its body were large plates.
"Rhizodus serpukhovensis" is from the Serpukhovian of Russia. However, it is not well known.
The diet of "Rhizodus" included medium-sized fish and other tetrapods. "Rhizodus" lunged at terrestrial prey like a crocodile.
The rubab has been around since the 7th century CE. It's mentioned in old Persian books, and many Sufi poets talk about it in their poems. It's a traditional instrument and its types are used a lot in countries like Afghanistan, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, Turkey, Iraq, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and even in the Xinjiang province of northwest China.
The rubab was also the first instrument used in Sikhism. Bhai Mardana, a Muslim friend of the first guru, Guru Nanak, used to play it. Whenever a shabad (holy song) was revealed to Guru Nanak, he would sing it, and Bhai Mardana would play the rubab. He was known as a rababi. The tradition of playing the rubab is still carried on by Punjabi Sikhs and Muslims.
The seni rebab was first made during the Mughal Empire. It has a special hook at the back of its head, which makes it easy for musicians to carry it on their shoulders and play while walking. Another kind of Rubab, called the Punjabi rabab or 'Firandia' rabab, is popular in Punjab.
In Tajikistan and northern Pakistan, there's a similar instrument called the rubab-i-pamir (Pamiri rubab). It looks a bit different, with a shallower body and neck and six gut strings. There's also one string attached partway down the neck, which is similar to the fifth string of the American banjo.
The rubab's body is made from one piece of wood, with a head that covers a hollow bowl where the sound comes from. The bridge sits on the skin and stays in place because of the tightness of the strings. It usually has three melody strings tuned in fourths, two or three drone strings, and sometimes up to 15 sympathetic strings. The instrument is usually made from the trunk of a mulberry tree, the head from animal skin like goat, and the strings from either the intestines of young goats (gut) or nylon.
Strunius
Strunius is an extinct genus of lobe-finned fish from the Devonian of Germany and Latvia. Although it was a lobe-finned fish, the fins of "Strunius" were supported by fin rays, which are more associated with ray-finned fish. It had a short and stubby body.
Here is a gallery:
Chairman of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf
Chairman of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf A political party has a party leader and a party leader, whose job it is to look after the problems of the party. Bohat Ali Khan is current Chairman of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, he succeed Imran Khan
NA-102 Faisalabad VIII
Changez Khan Kakar
Changez Ahmed Khan Kakar is a Pakistan Politician who is a Member of the National Assembly. He succeed Chuadhary Abid Sher Ali in 2024 general elections.
Since 1993, he has been a full-time lecturer at the Central European University, participating in the development of the doctoral program in political science.
In 1985, he participated in the opposition event of the European Cultural Forum. In 1987 he was at the Lakitelek meeting. In May 1988 he was the founder of the Free Initiatives Network. In 1989, he participated in the National Round Table negotiations, where he represented the Opposition Round Table and was a member of the working committee dealing with the creation of legal guarantees excluding violent solutions.
Between 1988-1993 he was a member of Fidesz. From January to May 1990, he was the spokesperson of Fidesz. In 1991-1992 he was an expert of the party's parliamentary faction. In 1993 he left Fidesz.
Anita Falieros
Anita Falieros is an Australian former taekwondo martial artist She competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics, where taekwondo was a demonstration sport, in the flyweight event.
At the 1987 World Taekwondo Championships she won the bronze medal in the -47 kg category. She won at the European Taekwondo Championships the silver medal in 1990 and the bronze medal in 1992.
At the European Taekwondo Championships she won the silver medal in 1992 and the bronze medal in 1996.
TVP Info
TVP Info is a Polish free-to-air television news channel, run by the public state broadcaster TVP. It mostly broadcasts nationwide news bulletins. Until 20 December 2023, its main offices were in Warsaw Uprising Square. Since 29 December 2023 they are in the main TVP building on Woronicza Street, Warsaw.
During the rule of the Law and Justice-majority government from 2015 to 2023, the channel was criticized by the opposition and external observers for airing government propaganda.
Krk (; ; ) is an Adriatic island in Croatia. It is near Rijeka in the Bay of Kvarner and part of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County. Krk is together with Cres as the largest Adriatic island. It is mostly rocky.
Krk is the name of the main settlement of the island.
Krk (town)
Krk () is a town in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Croatia. It is the main settlement of the island of Krk. In 2021, 6,816 people lived there. It is on the southwest coast of the island and is the historical seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Krk.
Sieurac is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Tarn department in south France.
Soual
Soual is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Tarn department in south France.
Souel
Souel is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Tarn department in south France.
Tauriac, Tarn
Tauriac is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Tarn department in south France.
The Little Albert experiment, conducted by John B. Watson and "Rosalie Rayner" in 1920, is a landmark study in the field of behavioral psychology. This research aimed to explore the process of classical conditioning in humans, particularly in the context of emotional responses. In this article, we will delve into the key aspects of the Little Albert experiment, its methodology, findings, and its broader implications for the understanding of human behavior.
Classical conditioning is a fundamental concept in psychology that involves associating a neutral stimulus with an involuntary response. The Little Albert experiment sought to investigate whether fear could be conditioned in a young child through the pairing of a neutral stimulus with a frightening one.
Little Albert, a nine-month-old infant, was chosen as the subject for this study. Initially, the researchers exposed Albert to various stimuli, including a white rat, a rabbit, a monkey, masks, and burning newspapers. Albert displayed no fear towards these stimuli.
The conditioning phase began by presenting Albert with the white rat, and simultaneously producing a loud, startling noise by striking a steel bar with a hammer. This was done to create an association between the neutral stimulus (the white rat) and the fear-inducing stimulus (the loud noise). The pairing was repeated several times.
As a result of the conditioning, Little Albert developed a strong fear response to the white rat, as well as to other stimuli that were present during the conditioning sessions. This demonstrated the successful establishment of a conditioned emotional response in a young child.
The Little Albert experiment significantly contributed to the understanding of classical conditioning in humans, emphasizing the malleability (formability) of emotional responses through learned associations. It raised ethical concerns regarding the use of children as subjects in psychological research, prompting the development of ethical guidelines for human experimentation.
The Little Albert experiment remains a pivotal study in the history of psychology, shedding light on the mechanisms of classical conditioning and its impact on human behavior. While the study faced ethical criticism, it paved the way for future research in behavioral psychology and influenced the development of ethical standards in scientific investigations involving human subjects.
Tanus
Tanus is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Tarn department in south France.
Teillet is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Tarn department in south France.
Terssac is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Tarn department in south France.
Teulat is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Tarn department in south France.
Teyssode is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Tarn department in south France.
Tonnac is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Tarn department in south France.
D-brane
D-branes are a special and important subset of branes defined by the condition that fundamental strings can end on the D-branes. This is literally the technical definition of D-branes, and it turns out that this simple fact determines all of the properties of D-branes.
Back to the perturbative realm. The condition that open strings can end on D-branes and nowhere else means that there exists a particular spectrum of open strings stretched between such D-branes. By quantifying these open strings, we obtain all the fields that propagate along (and in between) such D-branes. The usual methods (world sheets of all topologies, now allowing boundaries) allow us to calculate all the interactions of these modes, too.
So yes, D-branes also vibrate. But because their tension goes to infinity, you need even more energy to excite these vibrations than for strings. The quanta of these vibrations are particles identified with open strings that move along these D-branes but are stuck on them. The insight that the D-branes are dynamical and may vibrate, and the insight that they carry Ramond-Ramond charges (generalizations of the electromagnetic field one obtains from superstrings whose all RNS fermionic fields are periodic on the world sheet) were the main insights of Joe Polchinski in 1995 that made D-branes essential players and helped to drive the second superstring revolution.
Other branes typically have qualitatively similar properties as D-branes, but one must use different methods to determine these properties.
When we quantize a D-brane, we find open string states, which are scalars corresponding to the transverse positions. It follows that D-branes may be embedded into spacetime in any way. The shape oscillates according to a generalized wave equation again. Also, all D-branes carry electromagnetic fields in them. These fields are excited by the endpoints of the open strings that behave as quarks (or antiquarks). For a stack of coincident bars, the gauge group gets promoted to The electric flux inside the D-branes may be viewed as a "fuzzy" continuation of the open strings that completes them into "de facto closed strings."
Those fields have superpartners in the case of the supersymmetric D-branes, which are stable and the most important ones, of course. D-branes may collide and interact much like all other objects.
Aside from that, some branes may also be open branes and end on another kind of brane. The latter brane always includes some generalized electromagnetic fields that are sourced by the endpoints, end curves, or whatever the p-1 dimensional geometry of the boundary of the former brane is.
Ahrar al-Jazeera
Ahrar al-Jaazera was a rebel group that fought in the Syrian Civil War and was important at the start of the war which resulted in the taking over of Yaroubiya in March of 2013 (with help from other rebel groups). The group also worked with anti-Kurdish groups in the Battle of Ras al-Ayn which spanned from 2012-2013. However the group was forcibly removed from power in Yaroubiya in October of 2013, after the Al-Nusra Front took power and claimed to be corrupt by Daesh and Al-Nusra.
Methodology is a fundamental concept that plays a crucial role in various fields of study, guiding researchers and practitioners in their quest for knowledge and problem-solving. In simple terms, methodology refers to the systematic approach or set of methods used to conduct research, gather information, or achieve a specific goal.
The roots of methodology can be traced back to ancient civilizations where thinkers and scholars developed systematic ways to understand the world around them. In ancient Greece, for instance, philosophers like Aristotle laid the groundwork for logical reasoning and structured inquiry. Over time, different disciplines evolved their own methodologies, shaping the methods used in fields such as science, philosophy, and social sciences.
It ensures that research is conducted in an organized, unbiased, and replicable manner, promoting reliability and credibility in the findings.
Methodology typically includes research design, data collection methods, and data analysis techniques.
In the natural sciences, the scientific method is a well-known methodology. It involves making observations, forming hypotheses, conducting experiments, and analyzing results to draw conclusions.
In social sciences, survey methodology is commonly used. Researchers collect data through questionnaires or interviews to understand opinions, behaviors, or trends in a population.
Historians use a methodology that involves examining primary sources, interpreting evidence, and constructing narratives to understand and explain past events.
In various disciplines, the case study methodology is employed to investigate specific instances, providing an in-depth analysis of a particular subject or phenomenon.
Clearly articulate the problem or question you aim to address.
Select an appropriate research design, such as experimental, correlational, or descriptive.
Choose methods to analyze collected data, whether statistical analysis, content analysis, or qualitative interpretation.
Based on the analysis, draw conclusions that address your research question.
Methodology is the backbone of any study, providing a structured path for researchers to follow. From ancient philosophers to modern scientists, the importance of a systematic approach has been recognized throughout history. By understanding the basic concepts and examples of methodology, individuals can engage in more effective research, problem-solving, and knowledge acquisition in their respective fields.
Vabre
Vabre is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Tarn department in south France.
Valdurenque is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Tarn department in south France.
Vaour
Vaour is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Tarn department in south France.
Veilhes is a commune. It is in Occitanie in the Tarn department in south France.
Visual communication is the sharing of information using pictures, drawings, or symbols rather than just words. It is a method of message passing through images and it is widely used in various aspects of daily life, including books, advertisements, and digital media.
Visual communication involves the use of visual elements such as images, diagrams, charts, and symbols to convey information. Instead of relying solely on text, visual communication relies on the power of images to communicate ideas and messages effectively.
Visual communication is essential because it helps people understand information quickly and easily. Images can often convey complex ideas more efficiently than words alone, making visual communication a valuable tool in various fields, including education, marketing, and design.
Visual communication is utilized in numerous fields and industries, including:
Examples of visual communication include:
La Plata, Missouri
La Plata is a city in Macon County, Missouri, United States.
Type foundry
A type foundry is a company that makes different styles of letters and symbols for writing. In the past, people used to carve these letters, known as glyphs, into metal or wood by hand. But nowadays, they use computers to design and publish various fonts. These fonts can be used in books, websites, and other places where words are written.
Creating a font involves carefully designing each letter, number, and symbol using special computer programs. Designers adjust things like size, shape, and spacing to make sure the letters look good together. Once a font is finished, it can be sold or licensed to people who need it for their projects.
Type design
Type design is the process of creating different styles of letters and symbols used in writing. These letters and symbols, known as glyphs, when grouped together, form what we call typefaces or fonts. Fonts are commonly seen in books, websites, advertisements, and various other forms of visual communication.
The history of type design stretches back many years. In ancient times, people would carve letters into materials like stone or wood. With the invention of the printing press in the 15th century, the creation of letters became easier, leading to the establishment of the first type foundries where fonts were made and sold.
Type design, a subset of graphic design, is an essential aspect of visual communication. Whether in print or digital form, the fonts we encounter shape our reading experience and contribute to the overall effectiveness of communication. Type designers use a combination of creativity and technical skill to craft fonts that are both aesthetically pleasing and functional.
Today, type designers, who are a type of graphic designers, use computer software to create fonts. Factors like the width of the strokes, spacing between letters, and presence of serifs (little lines on letters) are taken into consideration during the design process. Type design, a subset of graphic design, is an essential aspect of visual communication.
Whether in print or digital form, the fonts we encounter shape our reading experience and contribute to the overall effectiveness of communication. Type designers use a combination of creativity and technical skill to craft fonts that are both aesthetically pleasing and functional.
Throughout history, there have been many notable type designers who have made significant contributions to the field. Early pioneers like Johannes Gutenberg introduced movable type to Europe, while modern designers such as Adrian Frutiger and Jessica Hische have left their mark on contemporary type design.
Red Star Belgrade is a only club that is playing there, making it their stadium.
Ioannis Kapodistrias
Count Ioannis Kapodistrias (1776-1831) was an important political leader and diplomat from Greece in the early 1800s. He was born in Corfu when it was ruled by Venice. His family was well-known, with his father being a nobleman and artist. He started his career in politics in Corfu and later became Modern Greece's first Governor after the Greek War of Independence in 1821.
Before becoming Governor, Kapodistrias worked for Russian Empire's government and helped Greece gain independence. He was good at diplomacy and had big ideas for how to run a country. His diplomatic skills earned him admiration and recognition.
He didn't just influence Greece though. He also helped Switzerland become neutral and organized its government. His efforts in shaping the destinies of both Greece and Switzerland demonstrate his influence and legacy. The National and Kapodistrian University of Athens is named after him. Statues of Ioannis Kapodistrias can be found in Athens, Saint Petersburg and Lausanne. He was also featured on the 500 drachma banknote in recent years before Greece switched to using the euro on January 1, 2002.
However, he faced opposition during his time in office, which ultimately led to his assassination in 1831 while he was still serving as Governor in Nafplio. He is buried in his hometown of Corfu.
Polish cuisine
Polish cuisine is a style of food preparation originating in and widely popular in Poland. Due to Poland's history, Polish cuisine has evolved over the centuries. It has borrowed many other national cuisines.
Polish cuisine is rich in meat, especially pork, chicken and game, and a wide range of vegetables, spices, fungi and mushrooms, and herbs. There are a lot of different kinds of pasta, cereals, grains and pulses. Polish cuisine makes extensive use of butter, cream, eggs, and seasoning. Traditional dishes often need a lot of preparation. Many Poles take time to serve and enjoy their festive meals, especially Christmas Eve dinner () on December 24, or Easter breakfast, both of which could take several days to prepare.
Among popular Polish national dishes are , , , (pork loin breaded cutlet), (stuffed cabbage leaves), (roulade), (sour cucumber soup), (mushroom soup), (tomato soup), (meat broth), (sour rye soup), (tripe soup), and red beetroot soup .
A traditional Polish dinner has three courses, beginning with a soup. In restaurants, soups are followed by an appetizer such as herring (prepared with either cream, oil, or in aspic), or other cured meats and chopped raw vegetable salads. The main course usually includes meat, such as a roast, breaded pork cutlet, or chicken, with a coleslaw-like (), shredded root vegetables with lemon and sugar (carrot, celeriac, cooked beetroot), sauerkraut, or salad. The side dishes are usually boiled potatoes, grain, or less commonly, rice. Meals often end with a dessert of either a fruit compote, a pastry, cream pie, mille-feuille, or cheesecake.
Course (food)
A course is a set of food items served together during a meal, all at the same time. A course may include multiple dishes including side dishes or only one, and often includes items with some variety of flavors. A hamburger served with French fries would be considered a single course and might constitute the entire meal. Larger meals might include many courses, such as a course where a soup is served by itself, a course when cordon bleu is served at the same time as a side dish of vegetables, and finally a dessert such as a pumpkin pie. Courses may vary in size as well as number depending on the culture where the meal takes place.
Tableware are the dishes and cutlery used for setting a table, serving food, and dining. Tableware includes cutlery, glassware, serving dishes, serving utensils, and other items used for cooking as well as for decoration. The objects vary according to culture, religion, number of people, and cuisine. Middle Eastern, South Asian or Polynesian food culture may only use serving dishes, using bread or leaves as individual plates, and often with no cutlery. Special events may have higher quality tableware.
Cutlery is more commonly known as "silverware" or "flatware" in the United States. "Dinnerware" is another word used for tableware, another word "crockery" means ceramic tableware, porcelain or bone china. In Ireland, they are normally called "delph", the word being an English language phonetic spelling of the word "Delft", the town from which so much delftware came.
Barameda
Barameda (Indigenous Australian language: "fish trap") is an extinct genus of rhizodont from the Tournaisian of Australia.
The species:
"Barameda" had an elongated and thick body typical of Carboniferous rhizodonts, for powerful swimming and out-powering any prey larger than itself. It was covered with moderately thin, cycloidal scales.
"Barameda" was probably a benthic ambush predator, attacking other fishes and possibly early tetrapods. It used a grab-and-drag strategy, using its fangs to snag prey and either thrash them, or simply drag them down into the water.
Sincerity is a moral value and means being real and honest in how someone acts and talks. It's about not pretending to be someone you're not. When someone is sincere, they say and do things truthfully, and others trust them for it. Being sincere helps build good relationships because people feel they can rely on you. Sincere people are respected because they stay true to themselves and treat others with honesty and kindness.
List of New York City Subway R-type contracts
This is a list of all R-type contracts in the New York City Subway.
All passenger rolling stock made in this time period are New Technology Trains.
The Healing Process is the second studio album by Despised Icon. The album was released on April 5, 2005.
Polypedates impresus
The concave-crowned tree frog or Yunnan whipping frog ("Polypedates impresus") is a frog. It lives in China, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam. People have seen it between 600 and 1000 meters above sea level.
This frog lives in grass on hills.
Gladiator 2
Gladiator 2 is an upcoming American-British epic historical drama movie. It is expected to be released on November 22, 2024 in North America. It is the sequel to the 2000 movie "Gladiator". It was directed by Ridley Scott. Scott also directed the original "Gladiator" movie.
Principal photography for the movie started in Ouarzazate, Morocco on June 7, 2023 and ended on January 24, 2024. Filming was delayed because of the 2023 SAG-AFTRA strike.
The movie will follow Lucius Verus, the son of Lucilla. Having lived in the wilderness for around 15 years, he is now grown up and estranged from his mother. He heads to Rome to try and build a better life.
Jebel Sahaba, is a place or site in which evidence of past activity is preserved near the northern borders of Sudan with Egypt. It is near the Aswan High Dam, archaeologists found 61 remains of early hunter-gatherers. These included men, women, and children. Before the discovery in 1960, many experts had thought that in prehistoric times, people did not fight each other. That turned out wrong when Fred Wendorf discovered bones from the 12th millennium B.C. These contained a large number of injuries, damaged bones, and pieces of flint arrows.
Wendorf and his team discovered the prehistoric massacre site in the 1960s. Then, Isabelle Crevecoeur from the French National Center for Scientific Research discovered over 100 more signs of trauma and injuries, in 2014. The remains also show how the victims might have died. For example, young men were absent because they probably escaped or survived. The hands were damaged when they warded off blows. Some back-sided ribs had sharp cuts, maybe because they died fleeing. A pregnant woman had her hands twisted together, showing a possibility of being tied up. These medieval-like actions were very unusual and surprising for archaeologists and scientists.
List of invasions in the 21st century
This is the military invasions to take place during the 21st century.
Eusthenopteron is an extinct genus of lobe-finned fish from the Late Devonian. Early depictions of "Eusthenopteron" show it emerging onto land; however, everyone now agrees that it is a strictly aquatic animal. Notably, it is one of the earliest sarcopterygians in which the humerus is preserved. Among the various species of this genus, the most popular is undoubtedly "E. foordi".
"Eusthenopteron" is a medium-to large-sized tristichopterid. "E. foordi" is estimated to exceed 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in), while "E. jenkinsi" probably reached 2.1 m (6 ft 11 in). The earliest-known fossilized evidence of bone marrow has been found in "Eusthenopteron", which may be the origin of bone marrow in tetrapods.
Finds have been made in Europe and North America.
"Eusthenopteron foordi" is a well-known species. The other species, however, are not well-known.
"Eusthenopteron foordi" is the type species of "Eusthenopteron". It is the most famous and well-known species of "Eusthenopterus". It is also one of the most scientifically important fossil vertebrates.
"Eusthenopteron farloviensis" is another species of "Eusthenopteron". Like the other species except "E. foordi", it is not well-known.
"Eusthenopteron jenkinsi" is yet another species of "Eusthenopteron". Little is known about this species. However, it may have been up to six feet long with a torpedo-shaped body and fangs. It was probably a large species for the "Eusthenopteron".
"Eusthenopteron" probably hunted other fish by setting ambushes on the seabed, where it rested with its robust fins. Although fleshy and particularly strong, it is in fact unlikely that they could take the animal out of the water.
"Eusthenopteron" preyed on smaller fish. Its teeth were small yet sharp, and were used to nab prey as the lobe-finned fish swallowed them whole.
"Eusthenopteron" was depicted hauling itself out of a pond, much like a mudskipper. However, no scientific evidence supports this.
Type designer
A type designer, also known as typeface designer, is someone who design fonts. Fonts are the different styles of letters and numbers that we see in books, signs, advertisements and websites. Type designers create these fonts by designing common characters like punctuation marks, accents, ligatures, asterisks, quotation marks and diacritics. All these are called glyphs. They publish their creations in various file formats, accompanied with a license. for use on computers.
Type designers use their creativity and skills to make alphabets that look good and are easy to read. They think about how each letter will fit together with the others to form words and sentences. They also consider things like spacing, size and style to make sure that the font is legible and pleasing to the eye.
Type design is considered an academic discipline.To become a type designer, people often need to study graphic design, typography or graphic arts. Some type designers work as freelancers, creating fonts for their own projects or for sale to others. Others may work for companies called type foundries that specialize in creating fonts for web design and printing.
Type designers use various tecnhiques and software to create fonts. They usually start by drawing out ideas on paper. This profession plays an important role in shaping the way people communicate through written language.
1916-17 Austrian football championship
The 1916-17 Austrian football championship was organized by the Lower Austrian Football Association. It was the third war championship. Although there were originally four championships in the Austria-Hungary empire during the First World War only the first class of the NFV was played as a war championship. There was no relegation and promotion.
Aspirated consonant
In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath.
Structuralism (psychology)