There are four distinct ecological zones in the reserve. The temperate evergreen broadleaf forest includes dominant species such as "Castanopsis cuspidata", silver magnolia, and camellia trees. There are also herbaceous plants such as "Ardisia japonica", "Hedera rhombea", Saeri trees, and "Kalopanax pictus". The dune vegetation zone includes "Ischaemum anthephoroides", "Zoysia macrostachya", "Vitex rotundifolia", "Calystegia soldanella", "Messerschmidia sibirica", and a colony of "Carex kobomugi" on Jeungdo Island. Several unusual species, including "Phragmites communis" and "Vitex rotundifolia" are distributed throughout the dunes. There are a number of uninhabited islands that contain evergreen coniferous forest zones. This zone includes a colony of Japanese black pine trees on the seashores and hill sides. The tidal flat zone includes wetland and coastal areas. "Phragmites" reed communities are dominant in wetland areas. In the coastal area, various saltmarsh plants are developing such as halophyte communities. Many biological organisms are in the inter-tidal zone. The surface of the tidal flat is an important habitat for diatoms and plankton. Due to the complexity of ecological circulation and the food chain, many shells and invertebrate are found here. The biosphere reserves has two sites that are part of the Ramsar Wetland Convention, Jangdo Island High Moor and Jeungdo Tidal Flat.