On 16 December, pro-Solidarity miners organized a strike against the declaration of martial law at the Wujek Coal Mine in the industrial city of Katowice. The ZOMO squads harshly pacified Wujek, which resulted in 9 miners' deaths. All other demonstrations across Poland were met with an armed force, which utilized water cannons, tear gas, batons, truncheons and clubs to disperse crowds and beat protesters. Thousands were detained, and some were tortured in state prisons. On the 31 August 1982, in the copper-mining town of Lubin, three people were mortally wounded. Until the end of Martial Law on the 22 July 1983, approximately 91 people were killed, though this figure varies and is still debated among historians.