Isaac's imperial ambitions—an "ancestral inheritance passed to his children", according to Kinnamos—were finally realized by his second son, Andronikos. Charismatic and capable, but also ruthless and violent, he overthrew Manuel I's Empress-dowager and regent, Maria of Antioch, in 1182, and in the next year deposed and killed her son, Alexios II Komnenos (). He attempted much-needed reforms, but also stirred up much opposition within the aristocracy, and under the impact of the Norman invasion of 1185, he was overthrown and killed, marking the end of the Komnenian dynasty on the Byzantine throne. From Manuel, the eldest son of Andronikos, began the dynasty of the Grand Komnenoi, who founded and ruled the Empire of Trebizond (1204–1461).