On October 20, 1944, American forces returned to the Philippines, and with the help of Filipino guerilla fighters, freed the islands of Japanese rule. The Second Philippine Republic was dissolved and many Japanese collaborators, including Aguinaldo, were charged with treason and arrested. Aguinaldo was held at Bilibid Prison in Manila for several months, before being released and acquitted by presidential amnesty from U.S. President Harry S. Truman.