Bohle surrendered to US forces on 23 May 1945 at Falkenau and was interned with other high ranking Nazi officials. Bohle was tried as a defendant in the ""Ministries Trial"" ("Wilhelmstraßen-Prozeß"), one of the Nuremberg follow-up trials. He was sentenced to five years' imprisonment on 11 April 1949. However, he was pardoned by U.S. High Commissioner John J. McCloy on 21 December 1949. Subsequent to his release, he worked as a merchant in Hamburg. He also advocated for the reformation of an organization for the development of German South-African interstate commerce. He died in Düsseldorf.