The Brazilian Communist Party (), originally the Communist Party of Brazil (), is a political party in Brazil founded in 1922 which makes the disputed claim of being the oldest political party still active in the nation. It played an important role in the country's 20th-century history despite the relatively small number of members. A factional dispute led to the formation of PCdoB (Communist Party of Brazil) in the 1960s, though both communist parties were united in opposition to the Brazilian military government that ruled from 1964 to 1985. But with the fall of the Soviet Union and the collapse of communism circa 1990, the party lost power and international support. An internal coup in 1992 divided the party and formed a new party, called Socialist People's Party, using the former identification number of the PCB, 23. This party has since moved towards the centre and now goes by the name Cidadania.