Agadzhanova participated actively in both the February and October Revolutions of 1917. After the revolution, she was drafted to participate in an underground propaganda mission among the White Guard forces in Novorossiysk and Rostov-on-Don. She later wrote a screenplay based on her experiences during the mission titled "In The White Roses". In 1919 she served as a member of the underground Don Oblast committee of the CPSU, until she was drafted to become the executive secretary of the Byelorussian Revolutionary Military Committee in 1920. From 1921–22 she was drafted to work at the Soviet embassy in Prague.