Though not native to Karachi, hundreds of thousands of Hindkowans, mostly from Hazara Division, reside in Karachi. Most of these Hindkowans migrated to Karachi in the early 1960s during the Ayub Khan era. However, lack of job opportunities and the 2005 Kashmir earthquake has also caused a large-scale migration from the Hazara division to Karachi. According to the 2017 census, there were 679,539 Hindko-speakers in Karachi, constituting about 4.24 percent of the city's population.