Gun battles raged along the sectarian boundaries in the west and north of the city and rival gunmen used rifles, machine guns and hand grenades in the clashes. Gunmen were seen firing from upstairs windows, rooftops and street corners. "The New York Times" characterised the clashes as "a three-fold fight between Sinn Féin and Unionist snipers and Crown forces". It added, "In the extent of material damage to property, Sunday's rioting can be compared to the Dublin Rising in 1916". While the IRA was involved in some of the fighting, it did not control the actions of the Catholic community. A rival Irish nationalist group, the Hibernians, were also involved on the Catholic side.