The United States military, diplomats, intelligence agencies, and foreign aid have been used to protect democratic regimes in many countries, including many Allies of World War II, First World democracies during the Cold War, and Israel. In its regime change activities, it has also brought democracy to many countries, sometimes by force. These include the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom (which the U.S. later annexed), and the governments and protectorates created in areas defeated in World War I, World War II, the 2001 invasion of Afghanistan, and the 2003 Iraq War. The U.S. victory in the Cold War allowed democracy to spread to many countries in Eastern Europe.