During the New Zealand Wars of 1846–1886, settler militia and Māori allies in a variety of clothing styles served alongside the British Imperial forces who wore their red and blue undress uniforms until plain dark blue field uniforms were adopted after 1860. Uniform consisted of “blue shirt, a cap similar to that worn by sailors, and any kind of trousers”. Māori's served throughout the wars in the 1860s, generally in tribal groups, or as members of the European volunteer forces. In the later stages of the Land Wars the government passed the Armed Constabulary Act of 1867, replacing the British Regular and local militia regiments. The Armed Constabulary had combined military and police functions and was the forerunner of both the NZ Army and the New Zealand Police. Members wore a blue woollen uniform with a red stripe down the trouser seam and a kepi-like headdress. In the field this was often worn with a kilt or Māori Piupiu for convenience in wading across streams and rivers. By 1870 the last British regiment had left New Zealand.