He served a term as Senior Adviser on Antiterrorist Policy to the Spanish Minister of Interior following the 2004 Madrid train bombings, where he was engaged in adapting national security structures to the challenges of international terrorism. Afterward, he was appointed Director of the Program on Global Terrorism at the Real Instituto Elcano, a Spanish think tank. He also teaches postgraduate courses at General Gutiérrez Mellado University Institute and Ortega y Gasset University Institute.