Soon after the German-led invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941, largely spontaneous uprisings began to occur throughout the newly created Axis puppet state, the Independent State of Croatia (, NDH), which was governed by the fascist Ustaše. These uprisings were caused by the genocidal policies implemented by the Ustaše against Serbs, Jews and Romani people. On 4 July, in the wake of the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union, the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (, KPJ) decided to launch a general uprising against the occupying forces across Yugoslavia, in solidarity with the Soviets, and a full-scale rebellion broke out in Bosnia on 27 July. This included local uprisings in the Bosanska Krajina, which spread across the NDH, but the KPJ organisation was initially swept along in the popular uprisings rather than leading the rebellion.