She was born in the Wardak province of Afghanistan and migrated to Iran in 1978 at six years old. Mohseni attended the University of Tabriz and received a BA in Judicial Law. Mohseni returned to Afghanistan after the 2001 United States invasion and started working on women's rights in 2005 for the Heinrich Böll Foundation. In 2007, Mohseni began working as a program officer in the Kabul office of Rights and Democracy, a Canadian non-governmental organisation. Hamid Saboory, director in charge of the Kabul office, described Mohseni as "a very active member of Afghan civil society, helping Afghan women secure their rights".