It was estimated that the Union's Muslim population in 2009 was 13 million people. The country with the largest number of Muslims in western Europe is believed to be France with an estimated 6–7 million (though the French census does not ask religious questions) followed by Germany (4.5 million), the United Kingdom (2.7 million) and Italy (1.5 million). Aside from Turkey, the other possible future member to have a majority of Muslims is Albania, although other Balkan states like Bosnia (where Muslims enjoy a plurality), Montenegro and Macedonia also have sizeable Muslim populations. Kosovo is also a Muslim majority state (but doesn't enjoy universal diplomatic recognition). A series of clashes and incidents connected to the religion have occurred in recent years, including: the murder of Theo van Gogh, the 2004 Madrid train bombings, the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy, and the 7 July 2005 London bombings. In response to extremism, some figures, such as Justice Freedom &amp; Security Commissioner Franco Frattini, have suggested creating a "European Islam" – a branch of the Islamic faith that is compatible with European values.