In the aftermath of the Rwandan Civil War and the subsequent genocide of 1994, Rwanda experienced an influx of an estimated 1 million so-called 'old caseload' refugees following in the trails of Rwanda Patriotic Front's victory. These were mainly Tutsi exiles who had fled earlier outbursts of violence decades earlier. However, the need for housing was not immediate thanks to an exodus of 'new caseload' refugees accompanying the end of the genocide. This changed following the Rwandese invasion of Zaire in September 1996 which precipitated the First Congo War, after which hundreds of thousands of new caseload refugees were repatriated.