Olsbu Røiseland has competed in the Biathlon World Cup since the 2012–13 World Cup season and has represented Norway at several Biathlon World Championships. During the Biathlon World Championships 2016 in Oslo, she won a bronze medal in the mixed relay and raced the final leg when Norway won the gold in the relay. At the Biathlon World Championships 2020 in Antholz, she became the first biathlete to win seven medals at a World Championship with her five gold medals and two bronze medals.