Jeon was a member of the under-17 team that finished fourth at the 2005 AFC U-17 Women's Championship, where she scored four goals in five appearances. On 12 August 2007, she made her senior debut in a 2–1 victory against Vietnam, before returning to the under-19 team to play at the 2007 AFC U-19 Women's Championship, where South Korea finished fourth. In 2008, she was called up to represent South Korea at the 2008 EAFF Women's Football Championship, at the 2008 AFC Women's Asian Cup and at the 2008 Peace Queen Cup. In 2009, she helped South Korea win gold at the 2009 Summer Universiade, finishing as the top scorer of the tournament with 10 goals. The following year, she scored the game-winning goal against Australia in the 2010 Peace Queen Cup final and was named the tournament's MVP. She was also part of the team that won bronze at the 2010 Asian Games and finished third at the 2010 EAFF Women's Football Championship. However, South Korea finished third in group B at the 2010 AFC Women's Asian Cup and failed to qualify for the World Cup. At the 2014 AFC Women's Asian Cup, she scored three goals in 5 appearances as South Korea qualified for the World Cup for the first time since 2003. She won another bronze medal at the 2014 Asian Games, where she scored six goals. In 2015, she helped South Korea finish second at the 2015 EAFF Women's East Asian Cup and at the 2015 Four Nations Tournament. Jeon played all four of South Korea's matches at the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup, scoring a goal in a 2–2 draw with Costa Rica on 13 June 2015.