Sergey Nikolayev (; born 12 November 1966) is a Russian former track and field athlete who competed in the shot put. He set a personal best of in 1989. He represented the Soviet Union at the 1991 World Championships in Athletics, placing fifth, and was a two-time participant at the European Athletics Championships, in 1990 and 1994. His highest world seasonal ranking – sixth – came in 1989.