It served throughout the Pacific Theater, including the Second Sino-Japanese War in China, during the Battle of Khalkhin Gol (Nomonhan) against the Soviet Red Army in 1939, and against the British Army in Burma and India. In addition, it engaged in combat on many Pacific islands, such as Guadalcanal, the Marianas, and Iwo Jima. Several variants were built, among them: the prototype Type 3 Ke-Ri, which mounted a 57 mm Model 97 gun; the Type 4 Ke-Nu, a conversion, re-fitted with the larger turret of the Type 97 Chi-Ha with a 57 mm Model 97 gun; and the Type 5 Ho-Ru, a prototype self-propelled gun similar to the German Hetzer, but with a Type 1 47 mm tank gun.