Just two days after Japanese Emperor Hirohito announced the surrender of Japanese Empire to the Allied force, the Indonesian Republic was proclaimed by Sukarno and Hatta in Jakarta on 17 August 1945. At first, The Indonesian Army started out as BKR ("Badan Keamanan Rakjat" – People's Security Bureau), which was formed on 29 August 1945, it was created more as a civil defence force than an army.