During the period 1905-1911, the Constitutional Revolution took place in Persia. As a result of the protest of the aristocracy, clergy and intellectuals, Mozafereddin Shah was forced to adopt a constitution in October 1906 and create a Majlis. In 1907, Anglo-Russian Convention was concluded on the division of Iran into spheres of influence, according to which Iran was divided into three parts: Northern Iran (Russian), Central (neutral and open to Germany), Southern (England). The Constitutional Revolution was a major problem for the Convention, so the British and Russian governments agreed to form an authoritarian state and overthrow the constitutionalists.