Born in the province of Guria (then part of Kutais Governorate, Imperial Russia), he engaged in local peasant movement and was a member of the Georgian Social Democratic (Menshevik) Party. He played a prominent role in the 1903-06 Gurian Republic, the first social-democratic self-governing territory within the Russian Empire. After the Russian Revolution of 1917, Georgia became an independent democratic republic in 1918 and Khomeriki was elected to the Constituent Assembly of Georgia. He then assumed the position of Minister for Agriculture in the Georgian government. During his tenure, Khomeriki authored a successful land reform (January 1919), which redistributed the land as private property, retaining only forests, rivers and some pastureland as state property. The Red Army invasion forced the Georgian cabinet into exile to France where Khomeriki remained a member of the Government of the Democratic Republic of Georgia in exile. In 1922, he secretly returned to Georgia to supervise the Committee for Independence of Georgia, an underground anti-Soviet organization. However, he was arrested by the Cheka in 1923 and shot during the 1924 purge in Georgia.