Two "Theodors" equipped "Railroad Artillery Battery (Artillerie-Batterie (E.) 674" during the French campaign as it supported XXV Army Corps, 7th Army, Army Group C from Ettenheim south of Strasbourg during its passage of the Rhine River. From July 1941 they spent the rest of the war on coast defense duties assigned to "Batteries 664" and "674" in the vicinity of Hendaye and Saint-Jean-de-Luz near the Spanish border with France, although sources differ on which guns were assigned to which batteries on what dates. Both batteries were able to retreat to Germany by 1 September 1944 after the invasion of Normandy in June 1944, but nothing is known of their activities afterwards.