Another example of resilience cited by Kogan is that of Frédéric Chopin (1810–49), who lived out the entire, brief second half of his life in France, in self-imposed exile from his beloved, dismembered Poland. The Russian Empire's suppression of Poland's November 1830 Uprising had thrown him into such despair that, in a notebook, he wondered how God, if He existed and was not Himself a Russian, could permit such a calamity. Chopin also poured his distress into compositions such as the "Revolutionary Étude", which combines a sense of palpable loss with a sense of unvanquishable resistance. In that composition, 20-year-old Chopin showed his resilience by converting his anguish into inner healing through the truest expression of his feelings.