The disaster on Chernobyl Atomic Power Station on 26 April 1986 gave birth to a massive national-democratic movement which had a turning point in 1989. From the very beginning, the Communist Party’s authorities resorted to silencing and falsifying the causes, scope, and consequences of the Chernobyl accident. It was necessary to communicate to the population of Ukraine and the world community the information about real threats, the elimination of which was impossible under conditions of the totalitarian regime.