Between 2.7 and 3 million Polish Jews died during the Holocaust out of a population of 3.3 – 3.5 million. More Jews lived in Poland in 1939 than anywhere else outside the United States (where more than 4.6 million lived); another 3 million lived in the Soviet Union. When the German Wehrmacht (armed forces) invaded Poland on 1 September 1939, triggering declarations of war from the UK and France, Germany gained control of about two million Jews in the territory it occupied. The rest of Poland was occupied by the Soviet Union, which invaded Poland from the east on 17 September 1939.