Following the Roman withdrawal from Britain a number of successor kingdoms rose in northern England, reflecting pre-Roman tribal territories. The area between the Humber and River Tees was known as "Deywr" or "Deifr" corresponds to the tribal lands of the Parisi, bordered to the West and North by the Brythonic kingdoms of "Elfed" and "Bryneich" respectively, and to the East by the North Sea.