Many of the opposition parties, including both the Socialist-Federalists and the Mensheviks, continued to operate underground - coming together to form the Committee for the Independence of Georgia in order to organize resistance to Soviet rule. A number of dissident Georgians returned to the country clandestinely, in order to participate in a planned uprising against the Bolshevik government. Despite the arrest and execution of many of its leading members by the Cheka, the Committee went ahead with its plans and launched the August Uprising, which was quickly suppressed by the government forces. In the "unprecedented" repression that followed, the last holdouts of opposition to the Bolshevik government were defeated, bringing an end to any dissident socialist currents - including Menshevism, Socialist-Federalism and anarchism.