In the reforms that were enacted after 1959, the Italian marxist philosopher Domenico Losurdo saw a chance for the Tibetan populace to access the human rights which they were previously denied, besides the chance to gain considerably improved living conditions and a significantly increased average life expectancy. This claim was contrasted by the claim which was made by Choekyi Gyaltsen, the 10th Panchen Lama, who criticized the situation in Tibet by composing a 70,000 character document that dealt with the brutal suppression of the Tibetan people which occurred both during and after the Chinese invasion of Tibet. In this document, he criticized the suppression that the Chinese authorities had conducted in retaliation for the 1959 Tibetan uprising.