The Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria (Northeast part of the former Qing Empire, not part of the Core China, occupied by Chinese in 1922) in 1931 and established Manchukuo in 1932. The Republic of China protested the Japanese invasion and the League of Nations voted 42-1 (only Japan voted against) to pass the Lytton Report to demand Manchuria be returned to China, but Japan refused to comply and left the League of Nations. China neither recognized Manchukuo nor was able to recover Manchuria.