Following the start of Turkey's ground incursion into Syria against ISIL and Kurdish forces in late August 2016, 72 soldiers had died by 29 March 2017. 61–96 more died as result of Turkey's second large incursion between 2018 and 2019, and 71–85 were killed in Idlib during the Turkish military operation that begun in February 2018. Another 16 Turkish soldiers died during Turkey's third incursion in clashes against the SDF. Eight more soldiers also died in 2019 and 2021, in the areas of Operation Euphrates Shield and Operation Olive Branch, while 23–31 soldiers died in the area of Operation Peace Spring between January 2020 and August 2021.