In common with the other conservative civil servants of the Imperial era, Moltke saw Germany's defeat in the First World War and the November Revolution of 1918 as twin disasters that threatened to ruin the "Reich". Moltke chose to continue his diplomatic career after 1918 out of loyalty towards Germany, not the Weimar republic, which he saw as a transitional regime that would be replaced sooner or later. Moltke represented the German Foreign Office at the Allied Commission of the Upper Silesia plebiscite in Oppeln from 1920-1922 and the Joint Commission for Upper Silesia from 1922-1924. Moltke arrived in Upper Silesia in early 1920.. During the Upper Silesia referendum, Moltke fought against the Allied Special Court of Justice for Upper Silesia, arguing to the French General Henri Le Rond, who chaired the commission, that this violated the Treaty of Versailles, which stated the Allied Commission for Upper Silesia did not have the power to pass legislation. Moltke reported to Berlin on 27 February 1920 that Le Rond simply refused to consider his arguments. On 10 March, Moltke handed Le Rond a note saying that no German judges would co-operate with the Allied Special Court of Justice, which led Le Rond to threaten to expel from Upper Silesia any judge who refused to work with the special court. The German judges refused to work with Inter-Allied commission, which found it was impossible to expel all of the judges from Upper Silesia. In June 1920, the Inter-Allied Commission agreed to accept Moltke's demands of providing German judges freedom from the authority of the Inter-Allied Commission.