His first professional club was Serbian OK Partizan. His trainer was Slavko Barandzic. In 2011, he moved to Polish Champion, one of the most successful Polish teams of PlusLiga – PGE Skra Bełchatów. In his first season in Poland, he was mainly a substitute player for Mariusz Wlazły. In the second season, he has become a major player on his position repeatedly winning the statuette for best player of the match. With PGE Skra Belchatów, he won a silver medal of the Polish Championship, Polish Cup, and a silver medal of the Club World Championship. In 2012, Atanasijević won a silver medal of the CEV Champions League after the match against Zenit Kazan during the Final Four held in Łódź, Poland. In 2013, he moved to Italian club – Sir Safety Perugia. In 2014, he won a silver medal of the Italian Championship after losing matches against Lube. In May 2014, he signed a new three–year contract with Sir Safety Perugia.