The Persian Socialist Soviet Republic (), also known as the Soviet Republic of Iran or Socialist Soviet Republic of Gilan, was a short-lived unrecognized state, a Soviet republic in the Iranian province of Gilan that lasted from June 1920 until September 1921. It was established by Mirza Koochak Khan, a leader of the Constitutionalist movement of Gilan, and his "Jangali" (Jungle Movement) partisans, with the assistance of the Soviet Russia's Red Army.