The continued upsurge of violence in Dagestan since 2008 included the killing of Gen. Valery Lipinsky, the first deputy head of the Internal Troops in the North Caucasus; the sniper assassination of Dagestan's Interior Minister, Gen. Adilgerei Magomedtagirov; and the massacre of four policemen and seven alleged prostitutes at a bathhouse in Makhachkala. In 2009, at least 58 police officers were killed in Dagestan. The Vilayat Dagestan was responsible for a suicide attack on 6 January 2010 that killed six policemen; twin bombings in which two female bombers killed more than 40 people in the Moscow Metro in March 2010; and several suicide attacks against Russian security and military installations (such as the double bombing which killed 12 in Kizlyar). In February 2012, the Vilayat's then leader, Ibragimkhalil Daudov (aka Emir Salikh), was killed by Russian security forces.