Individuals who research migration from countries in South America to the United States cite numerous push and pull factors varying from country to country. The surge in unaccompanied minors from the Northern Triangle is a result of violence, war, and poverty. Examples of this war and violence include the Guatemalan Genocide which resulted in 200,000 Maya individuals being killed or disappearing at the hands of the Guatemalan military after they were believed to support and hide guerrillas. In addition, many of the children flee gang recruitment which forces them to participate in wars against other gangs and police enforcement. The recruitment age for gangs is as low as 7 to 8 years old. Many children brought into gangs are torn away from their families or forced to partake in violent actions. There is also an increase in the migration of children from the Northern Triangle that correlates with the spike in homicide rates. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime reported that for every 100,000 people in Honduras, the homicide rate was 90.4. The homicide rate for El Salvador was 41.2 and Guatemala's was 39.9. Many children cite that this violence, in all of its forms is their primary reason for fleeing their home country.