Drafted into the Red Army during the Russian Civil War, Muravyov fought on the Eastern Front and in the Polish–Soviet War as a cavalryman, ending the war as a junior commander. He served in command positions with cavalry units between the wars, and had a stint as a staff officer during the early 1930s. In the late 1930s he quickly advanced from regimental to command to temporary commander of two rifle divisions and in 1941 became commander of the 209th Motorized Division in Belarus. Muravyov's division saw comparatively little action in the opening days of Operation Barbarossa, but despite this he was killed in action on the third day of the war.