Papadopoulos played with several teams in Europe throughout his professional club career, and he most notably won the EuroLeague twice, in 2002 with Panathinaikos and in 2012 with Olympiacos. He was an All-EuroLeague Second Team selection in 2007. He represented the Greek national team and won the gold medal at the 2005 EuroBasket and the silver medal at the 2006 FIBA World Championship.