Later in 1943, Mussolini was rescued during the Gran Sasso raid and returned to power by Nazi Germany. He was set up in Northern Italy by the Germans as the "Duce of the Nation" of a new Italian Social Republic ("Repubblica Sociale Italiana", or RSI). Upon his return to power, Mussolini had De Bono and others who voted against him arrested. He then had Alessandro Pavolini try them for treason at Verona in what became known as the "Verona trial". De Bono was convicted in a show trial.