One beneficiary of Oskar Huth's printing work was the artists whom he provided with an official exemption from army service. Two others were the aristocratic plotters and who were obliged to "disappear underground" after the failed attempt to kill the leader in July 1944. Huth's insights into the workings of the Nazi bureaucratic mentality were in evidence when he planned and created a new identity for Ludwig von Hammerstein, taking care to ensure that the false identity provided should state that he was born into an expatriate German family in South America. The idea was to reduce the risk that the authorities might be induced by inadvertent nonconformist actions to investigate the identity more closely. Foreign born Germans might be expected not to have grown up with precisely the same social ground rules as German born Germans. The Hammerstein brothers both survived the war and lived to a good age.