Józewski supported Józef Piłsudski's May 1926 "coup d'état". He served as Polish Minister of Internal Affairs twice in 1929-30; as voivode of Volhynian Voivodeship (1928–38); and as voivode of Łódź Voivodeship (1938–1939). As voivode of Wołyń, a region with a large Ukrainian minority, he advocated increased Ukrainian autonomy.