During the Thermidorian Reaction Eschassériaux declared himself against Robespierre. Four days later, on 13 Thermidor (31 July 1794), he was elected to the Committee of Public Safety as Robespierre's supporters were removed, with the support of his friend Barère. He remained in the Committee for two months, taking charge of commerce and the supply of goods. As a left Thermidorian, he was opposed to the growing reaction and defending the continued existence of the political clubs. He left his post on 16 Vendémiaire Year III (7 October 1794) and remained aligned with moderate republicans. On 15 Vendémiaire Year IV (7 October 1795) he came back onto the Committee of Public Safety, just after the crushing of the Royalist insurrection. He took charge of the same portfolio he had managed during his previous term of office.