Before and during World War I and the Weimar Republic, the powerful Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) was fighting the KPD to be the only political force representing the German working class. After the Revolution of 1918, during the Spartacist uprising the SPD led government ordered the massacre of Spartacists and execution of KPG leaders Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht. The same year the German Army under orders of SPD government cracked down the Bavarian Soviet Republic. In 1920, there was a bloody suppression of the workers uprising in the Rhur that was quite in contrast with their policy toward the Kapp Putsch.