With the westward advance of the Eastern Front and the end of the German occupation of Poland, Józewski joined the anti-communist resistance. Rather than himself becoming an anti-communist underground soldier, he continued as an underground publicist, writing and distributing anti-communist and anti-Soviet works. He evaded the Soviet NKVD and its Polish counterpart, the Ministry of Public Security, until he was finally arrested by the Polish secret police in 1953. Charged with criminal, counter-revolutionary and anti-state activities, he was given a life sentence.