After the coup d'état of 1973, the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet began adopting policies which criminalized and marginalized the activities of the homosexual and transsexual community, escalating social stigmatization and insecurity among her population, which was denied health benefits and health education. Article 365 of the criminal code imposed penalties for same sex relations between men and Article 373 established penalties for moral improprieties which did not reinforce Catholic values and affirm the heterosexual family model for society. In the early part of the dictatorship, the regime and the press characterized sex reassignment surgery as a means of regulating public spaces, since many LGBT people were engaged in sex work and nightlife entertainment, which in effect would allow people to move from an illegal identity to a legal one. Before 1977, there were five other cases of transgender people obtaining a reassignment surgery and name change, published in the "Official Gazette".