In January 1954, the Guatemalan Government began mass arrests of suspected subversives and accused the US of a plot to invade. PBSuccess, authorized by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in August 1953, was the codename for the CIA's first covert operation in Latin America, carried out in Guatemala. PBSuccess carried a $2.7 million budget for "psychological warfare and political action" and "subversion," among other paramilitary war components. By recruiting a Guatemalan military force, the CIA's operation succeeded in overthrowing the Árbenz government and replacing it with a military junta headed by Colonel Carlos Castillo Armas.