Vadeboncoeur was recruited by the Pierre-Boucher Hospital Center in Longueuil in 1990, where he became head of the department of emergency medicine. He was responsible for the coordination of medical services in Montérégie during the ice storm that hit Eastern Canada in 1998. In 1999, he became a member of the Department of Medicine of the Montreal Heart Institute, where he founded the Emergency Medicine Service in 2004, which he still runs.