The Jewish deicide is a theological position that holds that Jews will forever hold a collective responsibility for killing Jesus, even throughout the successive generations following the period he lived. It arose in early Christianity, the charge having been made as early as the 2nd century by Justin Martyr and Melito of Sardis. The accusation that the Jews were Christ-killers fed into Christian antisemitism and spurred on acts of violence against Jews such as pogroms, massacres of Jews during the Crusades, expulsions of the Jews from England, France, Spain, Portugal and other places, torture during the Spanish and Portuguese inquisitions and the Holocaust genocide.