The RTOC rejects "Sergianism" and holds that the sacraments of the Moscow Patriarchate (which they considere distinct from the Russian Orthodox Church that existed before the Bolshevik revolution) are anathema or invalid and ineffectual for salvation. The RTOC upholds in principle and emphasizes the ROCOR 1983 anathema against "ecumenism", which is an anathema against the branch theory.