A contingent of 14 aircraft supported the German Africa Corps in the Battle of Gazala from 25 to 31 May before reverting to attacks on Malta and convoy escort from 24 May to 22 June. The group supported the Axis forces in the Battle of Bir Hakeim on 1 June, before supporting operations against Tobruk and El Adem from 1 to 5 June. IV.(Erg)/KG 54 engaged in attacking Operation Harpoon and Operation Vigorous, helping sink three ships for 20,978 grt. From 12 June, and for two days, the "Harpoon" convoy was harried by I./KG 54 and I./LG 1, and they sank the 8,619 grt freighter "Bhutan" and damaged the "Potaro".