Pedro II was deposed on November 15, 1889, by a Republican military coup led by General Deodoro da Fonseca, who became the country's first "de facto" president through military ascension. The country's name became the "Republic of the United States of Brazil" (which in 1967 was changed to "Federative Republic of Brazil"). Two military presidents ruled through four years of dictatorship amid conflicts among the military and political elites (two Naval revolts, followed by a Federalist revolt), and an economic crisis due to the effects of the burst of a financial bubble, the encilhamento.