The Ukrainian Labour Farmer Temple Association (ULFTA) was established in Winnipeg in 1918 as an association of left-leaning cultural societies and community halls and the Ukrainian Social Democratic Party of Canada (USDPC). By 1928 it had 167 branches across Canada. Labour Temples and other associated halls existed in cities like Winnipeg, Edmonton, and Toronto (1921), as well as in rural communities in the Ukrainian Block Settlements. These Labour Temples competed directly with nationalist-related halls called "narodny dim" (national homes) to provide services and attract patrons, and the UFLTA competed against a plethora of nationalist and Church-backed cultural groups for the loyalty of Ukrainian Canadians. It was funded, in part, by Moscow, and assumed an uncritical pro-Stalinist position, even as a broad consensus was formed about the Great Famine of 1932-33 in Soviet Ukraine (the Holodomor). A small group of UFLTA dissidents (Lobay movement) would break away from the main body and join the Ukrainian Canadian Committee.