During the initial stages of the German invasion of the Soviet Union, Vedeneyev's corps fought in the Siege of Mogilev. On 21 July, Vedeneyev took command of the corps after corps commander Andrei Nikitin was wounded and evacuated. Vedeneyev escaped the city during the breakout and reached the lines of the Bryansk Front in late August. In October 1941, he was sent to Moscow and became a senior lecturer at the Military Academy of Mechanization and Motorization. In June 1942, he became head of faculty at the academy. In April 1944, Vedeneyev was appointed deputy commander of the 8th Guards Tank Corps. He participated in Operation Bagration. On 14 July, he became commander of the 3rd Tank Corps. On 22 July, units of the corps stopped and destroyed a German train carrying the Lublin garrison, which was attempting to escape. On 30 July, the corps had reached a point 15 kilometers from Warsaw, but was thrown back by German counterattacks, in the Battle of Radzymin. On 23 August, he was awarded the Order of Suvorov 2nd class. For its actions in the capture of Lublin and Dęblin, the corps became the 9th Guards Tank Corps on 20 November.