In 1974, when the Ethiopian monarchy was overthrown and a socialist system implemented, no new nationality law was propagated. Under Article 31 of the 1987 Constitution of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, persons who had a parent who was Ethiopian were Ethiopian. It also allowed foreigners or stateless persons to naturalize, but stated that provisions would be provided in a later law. The Dergue regime, a military junta which governed Ethiopia between 1974 and 1987, was oppressive and repressive, leading to large numbers of Ethiopians fleeing the country and living abroad as exiles. When the Dergue was ousted in 1991 at the end of the Ethiopian Civil War, the charter adopted to govern by the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front contained no nationality provisions. That same year, the Eritrean People's Liberation Front achieved "de facto" (unofficial) independence and expelled Ethiopians from its territory. The expulsions included government workers, military forces, and their families.