The Pan-European Picnic in 1989 then set in motion a peaceful chain reaction with the subsequent fall of the Iron Curtain and the Berlin Wall, the collapse of the Eastern Bloc, the reunification of East Germany and West Germany and the end of the Warsaw Pact. The Soviet Union fell apart, partly due to its inability to compete economically with the United States and Western Europe. The post-1989 world saw the end of the totalitarian regimes of the Cold War and the ending of client state status for many states. The Cold war was effectively ended by the Revolutions of 1989, the Malta Summit on 3 December 1989 and the Dissolution of the Soviet Union on 26 December 1991. Various "post-Cold War regimes" established were democratic republics, though some were authoritarian/oligarchic republics.