On 29 August 1916, during the Battle of Transylvania, Tălmaciu - then part of the Hungarian half of Austria-Hungary - was occupied by General Ioan Culcer's Romanian 1st Army. The most powerful unit of the 1st Army was the I Corps. It was its only army corps and as such the only unit of the 1st Army to comprise multiple divisions. The I Corps was commanded by General Ioan Popovici. In the middle of September, Culcer moved the I Corps headquarters to Tălmaciu, to direct the operations of the two divisions located there. Popovici arrived in Tălmaciu along with his staff on 16 September. Tălmaciu was evacuated by the Romanians on 28 September, towards the end of the Battle of Nagyszeben. Tălmaciu also served as the air base for the 1st Army's squadron, consisting of - depending on source - 3 or 6 aircraft.