With the outbreak of the Mozambican War of Independence in 1964, FRELIMO initially emphasized that decentralization of power was one of their most important goals in the guerilla war against the Portuguese Empire. But following the Carnation Revolution, which brought independence to the country, the People's Republic of Mozambique was established as a one-party state. Increased tensions caused by the heightened levels of centralization and authoritarianism culminated in the Mozambican Civil War, in which the anti-communist RENAMO fought back against the new FRELIMO government, eventually negotiating a peace and bringing about democratization in the country.