There is no universally agreed upon definition or model of ideology. The classical and orthodox Marxist definition of ideology is false belief, emergent from the oppressive society which educates its citizens to be obedient workers. The failures of the 1918 revolutions, the rise of Stalinism and fascism, and the explosion of another world war saw a new focus on the importance of ideology among Marxists. Rather than a mere lie of the political-economic establishment, ideology was recognized to be a force in its own right. Wilhelm Reich and later the Frankfurt School complemented Marx's theory of society with Freud's theory of the subject, departing from orthodox Marxism and the Leninist traditions, and setting the foundations of what later came to be called "critical theory."