When the Army of the Potomac moved across the Virginia Peninsula toward Aquia Creek to terminate the Peninsula Campaign, V Corps continued north to join Major General John Pope's Union Army of Virginia in its campaign beyond the Rappahannock River as it engaged Confederate forces near the old First Bull Run battlefield, an action which became the &lt;a href="Second%20Battle%20of%20Bull%20Run"&gt;Second Battle of Bull Run/Manassas&lt;/a&gt; on August 29–30, 1862. Throughout both days of the battle, Battery E &amp; G, 1st U.S. Artillery was ordered to remain in place near the front line, drawing constant fire though it was inactive. Conflicting orders and confusion nearly resulted in the loss of the battery when the enemy repulsed the Union line on the 30th. The battle was a Union defeat, and both Pope and Major General Fitz John Porter (commanding V Corps) were subjected to heavy criticism for the result. Pope was practically exiled to frontier duty in Minnesota; Porter was court-martialed and spent years attempting to clear his name: in 1878, Randol offered sworn testimony before a commission convened to investigate the circumstances of the battle, the findings of which eventually resulted in the overturning of Porter's court-martial and restoration of his commission.