For his activism he was both praised and acclaimed as well as persecuted and stoned. Since childhood his health had been fragile because of malaria - and his frantic life now weakened his health again, but he did not allow this to interfere with his constant political activity. However after the Proclamation of the Republic, the Brazilian army, having secured power, largely left him to one side. Because of his radicalism, he was excluded from the Republican Party. After the establishment of the Republic, little by little, he was sidelined by the wider republican government. He stood for election to Congress in the Federal District but was defeated.