In 1552, after the capture of Kazan, the lands of the former Bulgar settlement were incorporated into the Muscovite state. The first Russian settlement in the region was the village of Omar, which still exists today. On July 3, 1613, an official document was signed on the formation of the monastery village of Troitskoe-Mamadysh in the Kazan Voivodeship. The rest of the territory now occupied by the current Mamadyshsky district belonged to the lands of the Zuisky, Moskovsky and Donskoy monasteries and the Kazan bishop's house. In 1743 Asafula Inozemtsev opened the Taishevsky copper smelter in the village of Kukmor which until 1747 was the largest copper smelter in the Volga region. In 1774, a large number of the region's residents joined the insurrectionist detachments of Yemelyan Pugachev during his uprising. Loyal to the crown, Captain Yakov Mikhalchukov suppressed the insurrectionists in Mamadysh, which subsequently had to be rebuilt. On September 28, 1781, by the decree of Catherine the Great, the village of Mamadysh was elevated to the status of a district town within the Kazan Governorate. By 1859, two salt brine refineries, three tanneries, two croupiers, one potash mill, two brick factories and a weaving and bag factory operated in the town. In 1883, a distillery named after Shcherbakov, opened with facilities equipped with imported equipment in a part of the Zaoshminskaya Sloboda. By the beginning of the 20th century, it employed about 100 people.