Karayancheva is a member of the GERB party, and became regional coordinator in Kardzhali in 2007. While working as an engineer she "transformed GERB-Kardzhali into a well-oiled machine that managed to liquidate the BSP as the second political force in the district and even depersonalize the MRF, which has always ruled there." She was elected as a member of the National Assembly representing the Kardzhail constituency at the 2009 parliamentary election. She was re-elected in 2013, 2014 and 2017. She was one of five Vice presidents of the Assembly from May to November 2017,