According to Raphaël Bassan, in his article ""The Angel": Un météore dans le ciel de l'animation", Patrick Bokanowski's "The Angel", shown at the 1982 Cannes Film Festival, can be considered the beginning of contemporary animation. The characters' masks erase all human personality and give the impression of total control over the "matter" of the image and its optical composition, using distorted areas, obscure visions, metamorphoses, and synthetic objects.