Agletdinova dipped under four minutes for the 1500 m in Birmingham in 1983, setting a new best of 3:59.31 minutes. She was the fastest Soviet entrant at the 1983 World Championships in Athletics, and as the winner of the first ever 1500 m world championship heat she was the inaugural championship record holder. Ultimately was the slowest finisher in the final among the Soviet trio including Yekaterina Podkopayeva and Zamira Zaytseva. America's Mary Decker claimed the gold medal and Agletdinova ended the race in fourth place. Still, her time that year ranked her as the world's second fastest 1500 m athlete for the season behind Decker. She remained among the world's best in the 1984, but the Olympic boycott meant she only competed at the Friendship Games, where she was the 1500 m silver medallist behind fellow Soviet Nadezhda Ralldugina.