After winning 21 caps and scoring seven goals at youth level, including reaching the final of the 2015 FIFA U-20 World Cup and winning an Olympic gold medal at the 2016 Summer Olympics, Jesus made his senior debut for Brazil in September 2016, and was part of the squad that took part at the 2018 FIFA World Cup, later also participating at the Copa América in 2019 and 2021, winning the former tournament.