Et tu, Brute? () is a Latin phrase literally meaning "and you, Brutus?" or "also you, Brutus?", often translated as "You as well, Brutus?", "You too, Brutus?", or "Even you, Brutus?". The quote appears in Act 3 Scene 1 of William Shakespeare's play "Julius Caesar", where it is spoken by the Roman dictator Julius Caesar, at the moment of his assassination, to his friend Marcus Junius Brutus, upon recognizing him as one of the assassins. The first known occurrences of the phrase are said to be in two earlier Elizabethan plays; "Henry VI, Part 3" by Shakespeare, and an even earlier play, "Caesar Interfectus", by Richard Edes. The phrase is often used apart from the plays to signify an unexpected betrayal by a friend.