Duarte Barbosa recorded abundance of gunpowder-based weapons in Java ca. 1514. The Javanese were deemed as expert gun caster and good artillerymen. The weapon made there including one-pounder cannons, long muskets, "spingarde" (arquebus), "schioppi" (hand cannon), Greek fire, guns (cannons), and other fire-works. In 1511 siege of Malacca, the Malays were using cannons, matchlock guns, and "firing tubes".