In the 1990s, a rebel army led by Paul Kagame, also a refugee in Uganda, launching a four year civil war which culminated in the 1994 Rwandan genocide, in which between 500,000 and 1,000,000 Tutsi and politically moderate Hutu were killed by Hutu extremists. The war was ended when Kagame's forces took over the whole country, enabling thousands of Tutsi exiles, including Museminali, to return to their homeland.