Some historians consider the end of the Great Game to be the 10 September 1895 signing of the Pamir Boundary Commission protocols, when the border between Afghanistan and the Russian empire was defined. Others see it concluding with the signing of the Anglo-Russian Convention on 31 August 1907. The 1901 novel "Kim" by Rudyard Kipling made the term popular and introduced a new implication of great power rivalry. It became even more popular after the 1979 advent of the Soviet–Afghan War.