The Islamization of the Temple Mount climaxed at the end of the seventh century, with the construction of the Dome of the Rock in the early 690s when Abd al-Malik was developing his program of Islamization. It was built over the Foundation Stone, the site of the historic Jewish Temple. The al-Aqsa mosque was built at the southern end of the mount in the 8th century. Throughout the entire period of the Early Muslim period, from the Muslim conquest until the Crusader capture of Jerusalem in 1099, various structures were built on the mount including memorial sites and gates.