Röhler began taking part in track and field as a child in 1998. Raised in Jena, he attended the Johann Christoph Friedrich GutsMuths Sports High school in the city and went on to study at the University of Jena. He first competed mainly as a high jumper and a triple jumper. He began to make his impact as a junior (under-20) athlete in the javelin throw in 2010. That year he threw beyond seventy metres for the first time and represented his country at the 2010 World Junior Championships in Athletics, where he finished in ninth place. He ended that year with a personal best throw of to place second at the German junior championships. The following year he improved to – a throw which brought him seventh place at the 2011 European Athletics U23 Championships.