On December 17, 1908, the Senate reconvened for the first time in over 30 years, several of its members changing over time until its end at the end of World War I in 1920, when the Allied occupation of Constantinople forced the "de jure" closure of the parliament on March 16, 1920. The "de facto" closure came on April 11, when the sultan, under pressure from the invading Allies, officially proclaimed the parliament dissolved.