King Carlos I was assassinated in 1908 together with his eldest son, D. Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal and Duke of Braganza, by republicans. His younger son, D. Manuel, Duke of Beja, survived the attack on his father and elder brother and became king as Manuel II, but was toppled two years later in the 1910 republican revolution. After the revolution, Manuel was forced into exile in Great Britain by the Portuguese First Republic, but he would continue to support his fatherland until his death.