The Soviet Union occupied the northern part of Bukovina on 3 July 1940. As Romanian troops retreated from the area, they carried out a pogrom against the local Jews in Dorohoi. Many were deported to Siberia from that region following the takeover, including a disproportionate amount of Jews. A year later, the Axis invaded the Soviet Union and Northern Bukovina was reoccupied in June–July 1941. This reoccupation had a disastrous effect on the Jewish population, as the invading Nazi and Romanian soldiers immediately began to massacre Jews. The survivors were forced into ghettos, awaiting their transfer to work camps in Transnistria. 57,000 had arrived there by November 1941, including about 3,000 from Dorohoi. In October 1943, the law forcing Jews to wear the Star of David was revoked, and Jews were allowed to move freely around the capital city. By the time Bukovina was retaken by Soviet forces in February 1944, less than half of the entire Jewish population in the region had survived. Most of them went to Romania after the war, where the more liberal policies allowed emigration to Israel.