Yelena Ilyichivna Polenova () (born 20 August 1983 in Uralsk, Kazakh SSR) is a Russian team handball player, playing on the Russian women's national handball team. She won gold medal with the Russian winning team in the 2005 World Women's Handball Championship in Saint Petersburg, Russia, and again in the 2007 World Women's Handball Championship in France. She won a silver medal in the 2006 European Women's Handball Championship in Sweden.