Evgeny Mikhailovich Rylov (; born 23 September 1996) is a Russian competitive Olympic champion swimmer. He specializes in backstroke events. He has won three gold medals at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics in Nanjing, and a bronze on his major debut at the 2015 FINA World Championships in Kazan. He also won a bronze at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio and a gold at 2017 Fina World Championships in Budapest, both were from the 200 m backstroke event. He won the gold medal in the 100 metre backstroke and 200 metre backstroke at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. He currently represents Energy Standard in the International Swimming League.