Following its official retirement as the flag of South Africa, the flag was adopted by some white South Africans as being a symbol of Afrikaner heritage and history. Many South Africans still view it as a symbol of apartheid, and therefore have strongly discouraged its use. Despite the negative associations, it was never banned by the Government of South Africa post-1994 and the right to display it in South Africa was protected under Chapter Two of the Constitution of South Africa as an expression of free speech until 2019. In the 21st century, usage of the old South African flag experienced use of as a symbol by white supremacists in and outside South Africa. A particular awareness of this followed the shooting of black parishioners at a Charleston, South Carolina church in 2015, as the perpetrator Dylann Roof had previously been pictured wearing a jacket bearing both this flag and the flag of Rhodesia (1968–1979). This association with apartheid and racism often led to calls for the flags that were used in a historical context, to be removed from display. An example of this is Cooma, Australia, where it is flown to commemorate South African workers in the Snowy Mountains Scheme alongside the Canadian Red Ensign, 49 star US flag, and other flags from 1959 when the Avenue was dedicated.