In 656 the Rashidun caliph was assassinated leading to the caliphate's first civil war ("fitna"). The war ended in 661 with the Umayyads succeeding the Rashiduns as the caliphate's ruling dynasty. They moved the caliphate's capital from Kufa to Damascus, where they enjoyed strong tribal support. The religious significance of nearby Jerusalem and the fact that in Syria, unlike in Iraq and Egypt, Arabs and non-Arabs lived together may also have played a role.