Russia and France were mostly enemies in the Napoleonic wars. Russia fought against France in the War of the Second Coalition. Once Napoleon Bonaparte came to power in 1799, Russia remained hostile and fought in the Wars of the Third and Fourth Coalitions, which were victories for France and saw French power extend into Central Europe. The Treaties of Tilsit in 1807 led to an uneasy alliance. Both Napoleon and Tsar Alexander wanted to control eastern Europe. However Napoleon established a puppet Polish state--the Duchy of Warsaw-- which annoyed Russia. Napoleon was annoyed that Russia was trading with Britain. The goal was not to conquer or absorb Russia but to punish the Tsar and force him back int line. Napoleon amassed a huge army of 600,000 soldiers from France and its allies to invade Russia in 1812. Only a tenth survived the fighting and the extreme cold. It was a spectacular defeat for France and a turning point in the Napoleonic Wars, leading to a massive Sixth coalition alliance in which Russia played the leading role. Paris fell. Bonaparte abdicated and the Bourbon kings returned to power in 1814. Napoleon made a brief 100-day return in 1815 but was forced to surrender again.