Joseph-Désiré Mobutu came to power in 1965 after a five-year period of political unrest and violence which had followed independence. He gradually created a centralised one-party state under the auspices of the ruling Popular Movement of the Revolution ("Mouvement populaire de la révolution", or MPR). He became a staunch advocate of what he termed a "return to authenticity" which sought to mobilise an indigenous national identity as a means to overcome regionalism and tribalism while reconciling those claims with the exigencies of modernization. The MPR announced in October 1971 that the Congo would be renamed "Zaire" and that various other colonial-era place names and monuments would be removed before the end of the year. However, the decision initially included no stipulations about personal names. Shortly afterwards, the Belgian newspaper "La Libre Belgique" published a critical editorial in which it suggested that the logical extreme of the new reforms would be for Mobutu to rename himself since "Joseph-Désiré" was clearly of European origin. Embracing this, Mobutu announced in January 1972 that he would repudiate his Christian name. Soon afterwards, he added "Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu Waza Banga" after his existing surname as what was termed a "post-surname" ("postnoms"). On 15 February 1972, the MPR resolved that all Zaireans must follow his example and adopt "typically Zairean names".