By the end of 1944, the German "Luftwaffe" was suffering from such shortages of pilots, aircraft and fuel that serious aerial attacks on the UK could be discounted. At the same time 21st Army Group fighting in North West Europe was suffering a severe manpower shortage, particularly among the infantry. On 23 January 1945 the War Office began to reorganise surplus AA regiments in the UK into infantry battalions, primarily for line of communication and occupation duties, thereby releasing trained infantry for frontline service. On 23 January 1945 the regiment became 637 (The Northamptonshire Regiment) Infantry Regiment, RA. It formed part of 304 Infantry Bde (itself formed by conversion of 38th Light AA Bde).