On June 26, 2015, Palmieri was traded by the Ducks to his hometown club, the New Jersey Devils, in exchange for second and third-round draft picks in the 2015 NHL Entry Draft. On July 7, 2016, Palmieri signed a five-year contract to remain with the Devils. On January 19, 2019, Palmieri was named to his first All Star Game, replacing his teammate Taylor Hall due to the latter suffering an injury.