The unit was integrated into the Waffen-SS in June 1943 as the SS Assault Brigade Wallonia ("SS-Sturmbrigade Wallonien") and was almost destroyed by Soviet forces in the Korsun–Cherkassy Pocket in February 1944. It expanded slightly after the Allied Liberation of Belgium in September 1944 as Belgian, French, and Spanish collaborators were drafted into the unit. It was upgraded to the notional status of a division and re-designated as the SS Volunteer Grenadier Division Wallonia ("SS-Freiwilligen-Grenadier-Division Wallonien") in October 1944. After heavy losses and desertions during the 1945 retreats, its remaining personnel surrendered to British forces in April 1945.