Protestants remained a small portion of the population until the late-twentieth century, when various Protestant groups experienced a demographic boom that coincided with the increasing violence of the Guatemalan Civil War. Two Guatemalan heads of state, General Efraín Ríos Montt, who in 2013 was found guilty of genocide and crimes against humanity, and Jorge Serrano Elías, have been practicing Protestants. They are two Protestant heads of state of Latin America. Brazil also had two Protestant heads of state, the Presbyterian, called Café Filho, and the Lutheran Ernesto Geisel. Large portions of the nations Mayan population are Protestants, especially in the northern highlands.