Engelhardt fought in Lithuania during the 1792 Polish campaign. Commanding a detached corps during the Kościuszko Uprising, he destroyed the Polish insurgents at Białystok in May 1794. In October he took part in the Battle of Maciejowice which resulted in the capture of Kościuszko and all his staff, and for which he was awarded the Golden Sword with the inscription "For Bravery" on October 26. In November came the storming of the Warsaw suburb of Praga and the fall of Warsaw. For protection of a bridge during this battle, Engelhardt was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir, third degree.