Serhiy Volodymyrovych Petrenko (; born 8 December 1956) is a retired Ukrainian sprint canoeist. He competed in doubles at the 1976 and 1980 Olympics and won two gold medals in 1976. He also won seven medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with three golds (C-1 500 m: 1974, 1975; C-2 10000 m: 1977), three silvers (C-1 500 m: 1978, 1979; C-2 500 m: 1982), and one bronze (C-2 10000 m: 1983).