Odriozola was first selected to play for Spain under-21s by Albert Celades, helping the squad reach the final of the 2017 UEFA European Championship. He earned his first full cap for Spain on 6 October 2017, in a 3–0 win over Albania for the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifiers; he played the entire match, and also provided an assist for Thiago Alcântara's goal as the team reached the finals as group winners.