At the 1984 World Championships Chernyshova became the first female World Champion in the 10 km individual and the 5 km sprint. With the Soviet relay team she also won the first relay at the World Championships for women. Chernyshova also won individual medals at the 1985 World Championships with a bronze in the sprint, at the 1987 World Championships with a silver in the sprint and at the 1988 World Championships with a bronze in the individual.