Construction of the Fuyu-Nenjiang began in 1930 when northeastern China was ruled by the Republic of China. When the Fuyu to Laha section was completed in 1932, the region had fallen to Japan and was nominally ruled by Manchukuo. In August 1945, the Soviet Union entered World War II in the Pacific Theater and drove Japan from Manchuria. In April 1946, the retreating Soviet Red Army removed the rail line. In November of that year, the Chinese Communists' Northeast Regional Bureau mobilized 27,898 laborers and 14,311 wagons and had the line rebuilt. The line was originally called the Ningnian–Nenjiang railway and took on its current name after Ningnian () was renamed Fuyu.