The last time bark bread was used as famine food in Norway was during the Napoleonic Wars. The introduction of the potato as a staple crop gave the farmers alternative crops when grain production failed, so that bark bread and moss cakes were no longer needed. In Northern Sweden, traces of Sami harvest of bark from Scots pine are known from the 1890s, and in Finland "pettuleipä" (literally "pinewood-bark bread") was eaten in Finland as an emergency food when there has been a shortage of food, especially during the Great Famine of the 1690s, during the second famine the 1860s and most recently during the 1918 Civil War.