Palanti continued to design and illustrate the covers of sales catalogues for Milanese department stores from 1901 to 1912, working for the Italian Cooperative Union. From 1902, he began working with the Teatro alla Scala as a costume and set designer, as well as designing advertising posters until 1916. His work included among other things design for the first performance of Madame Butterfly by Giacomo Puccini in 1904. He also provided set and costume design for the 1905-06 opera season including The Marriage of Figaro and the La Dama di Picche; Simon Boccanegra in 1910-11, Romeo and Juliet and L'Armida; Don Carlos in 1912; Oberon in 1913; and La Battaglia di Legnano in 1916. He produced notable posters for performances of La fanciulla del West (1911), Isabeau (1912), and Parsifal (1914). In 1907 he became adjunct professor at the Academy's School of Ornament and at the Higher School of Applied Art to Industry ("Scuola superiore d'Arte Applicata all'Industria") and from 1913 he replaced Ludovico Pogliaghi in the special decoration school at the Brera Academy. In 1902, he collaborated with the architect Gaetano Moretti to design furniture which was presented in Turin, and later in 1907 his work was used to decorate the Palazzo di Giustizia. In 1906, he was asked to design a series of postcards for the Milan International World Fair. He would go on to participate in both the Centennial International Exposition in Buenos Aires, decorating the façade of the Italian pavilion, and the Brussels International Exposition decorating the ceiling the Italian pavilion in 1910.