The Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon prevailed in the 1970s and 1980s. During this time, it is said significant tensions arose between Palestinian civilians and Israeli officials due to acts said to be "synonymous with terrorism" carried out by the Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO). In 1982, the Israeli government commenced Operation Peace for Galilee said to be in retaliation against the PLO who was accused of attempting to assassinate the then prime minister, Menachem Begin. Operation Peace for Galilee then invaded Lebanon, which is said to have been the spark for the commencement of the 1982 Lebanon War. This war was stated to be the "longest Arab-Israeli war" and one of which reeked military havoc on "heavily population civilian areas". During this period, many civilians were killed, injured or forced to seek refuge elsewhere.