Perguruan Athena
caption: Perguruan Athena , fresko karya pelukis Raffaello Sanzio di Vatikan , 1509 - 1510 .
caption: Nama yang diberi tanda kurung adalah karakter kontemporer dimana Raphael dianggap telah mengambil kemiripannya.
1: Zeno Citium atau Zeno Elea ?
2: Epicurus 3: Federico II ?
4: Boethius atau Anaximander atau Empedokles ?
5: Ibnu Rusyd ?
6: Pythagoras ?
7: Alcibiades atau Aleksander Agung ?
8: Antisthenes atau Xenophon ?
9: Hypatia ([[Francesco Maria I della Rovere|Francesco Maria della Rovere]] atau Raphael's mistress Margherita) 10: Aeschines atau Xenophon ?
11: Parmenides ?
12: Socrates ?
13: Herakleitos (digambarkan dengan muka Michelangelo )
14: Plato - memegang buku Timaeus (digambarkan dengan muka Leonardo da Vinci ).
15: Aristoteles - memegang buku Etika .
16: Diogenes Sinope ?
17: Plotinus ?
18: Euklides atau Archimedes dengan muridnya ( Bramante )?
19: Strabo atau Zarathustra ? ( Baldassare Castiglione atau Pietro Bembo )
20: Ptolemaeus ?
R: Apelles (digambarkan dengan muka Raphael )
21: Protogenes ( Il Sodoma atau Perugino ) <ref&#x3E;The interpretation of this figure as Sodoma is probably in error as Sodoma was 33 at the time of painting, while Raphael's teacher, Perugino, was a renowned painter and aged about 60 at the time of this painting, consistent with the image. [[Timoteo Viti]] is another plausible candidate.</ref&#x3E;