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maturity onset diabetes of the young ุฃูˆ ู…ูˆุฏูŠ
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initial success in the search for ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุฏูŠุงุจุงุช ูˆ
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was seen in maturity onset diabetes of the young
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูˆู„ ู†ุฌุงุญ ููŠ ุฑุจุท ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช
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ูˆ ุงู„ู€ diabetes ุงู„ู…ูˆุฏูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† rare group of
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disorders characterized by non-ketotic diabetes
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ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุดุจู‡ ุงู„ู€ Type 2 diabetes mellitus ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†
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ุงู„ู€ ู…ูˆุฏูŠ ูŠุธู‡ุฑ ููŠ ุนู…ุฑ ุตุบูŠุฑ ูˆุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุจุนุถ
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ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ ู…ูˆุฏูŠ ุจูŠุชู… ุชุดุฎูŠุตู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฅู†ู‡ุง Type 2
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diabetes mellitus ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ ู…ูˆุฏูŠ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ at a
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younger age ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† 25 ุณู†ุฉ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุขู† ู…ุน ุงู„ู€
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.. ุจุฑุถู‡ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ type 2 diabetes mellitus ุจุฑุถู‡
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at a younger age ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ุงู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ
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ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆ ู„ุจุณ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต
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ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุดุจุงุจุŒ ุบูŠุฑ ุจุฏู†ุงุก ู…ุตุงุจูŠู† ุจุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ ุงู„ุฐูŠู†
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ู„ุฏูŠู‡ู… ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุนุงุฆู„ูŠ ู„ู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุจุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู…ุงู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
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ููŠู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุนุงุฆู„ูŠ ู„ู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุจุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠุŒ Younger
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age ูˆ non-obese A clinical spectrum of ู…ูˆุฏูŠ is
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broad ranging from asymptomatic hyperglycemia to
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an acute presentation ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
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ู…ูˆุฏูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุนูŠุดูˆุง ุญูŠุงุฉ ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุฃูŠ
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ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ูู‚ุท ุฃู† ููŠ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
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ุจุณูŠุท ููŠ ุงู„ู€ glucose ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุญู†ุง ู…ุง ููŠุด
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ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชู… ุงูƒุชุดุงูู‡ู… ุตุฏูุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดุฎุต
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ุจูŠุฏุฑูˆุญ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู…ู„ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ู„ุณุจุจ ุฃูˆ ู„ุขุฎุฑ ูˆูŠุชู…
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ุงู„ุงูƒุชุดุงู ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ hyperglycemia. Thirteen genes
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are associated with this disorder
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ุทุจุนุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุฃู† ุฃู†ูˆุงุน
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ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ ู…ูˆุฏูŠ two result from mutations
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in the gene that encodes a glucokinase ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ
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ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ partial deficiency of insulin
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secretion. ุจูŠุจุตูŠุฑ ููŠู†ุง ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู† ูˆู‡ุฐุง
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ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฏูŠ 2 ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุณุจุจ ุงุฑุชูุงุน
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ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…. ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฏูŠ caused by
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mutations in the genes that encode transcription
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factors. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰
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ุชูƒูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ transcription factors ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ
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ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู†
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ุงู„ู€ regulation ู„ู€ expression of different genes in
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the pancreatic beta cells. ูˆู…ุง ุฒุงู„ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ
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ุงู„ู€ expression ู„ู„ุฌูŠู†ุฉ ููŠ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุจูŠุชุง ุงู„ุจู†ูƒุฑูŠุงุณ
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ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ impaired insulin synthesis ุฃูˆ
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secretion ุฃูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ reduced beta cell mass
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ู…ูˆุฏูŠ mutations have substitution. ุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ
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ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุทูุฑุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน
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ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ substitution, deletion ุฃูˆ insertion of
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nucleotides in the coding region of the genes. ุทุจุนุง
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ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ูƒุดู ุนู† ุงู„ุทูุฑุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ PCR
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ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Oral Glucose Reliance Test ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Islet
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Cell Antibodies ูˆ ุงู„ู€ C-Peptide. ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุณุงุนุฏูˆุง
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ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชูุฑู‚ุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฏูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Type 1 ุฃูˆ
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ุงู„ู€ Type 2 Diabetes ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ูŠ ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ
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ู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุชุดุฎูŠุต ุงู„ู…ูˆุฏูŠ. ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ ุงู„ู€
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ู…ุนุงูŠูŠุฑ ุชุดุฎูŠุต ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ ุทุจุนุง
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ุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต ูŠุชู… ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุฃูˆ
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ุฃูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุงุŒ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€
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Hemoglobin A1c. ุงู„ู€ cut-off point ู„ูˆ 6.5
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% ุฃูˆ ุฃูƒุซุฑุŒ ูˆ 6.5% ุฃูˆ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู†
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ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ. test should be
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performed in a laboratory using a method that is
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NGSP certified. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠู‡ ุทุฑู‚ ุนุฏูŠุฏุฉ ู„ูุญุต ุงู„ู€
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Hemoglobin A1C ู„ูƒู† ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุง ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ูุญุต ุงู„ู€
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Hemoglobin A1C ู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ ู„ุงุจุฏ ุฃู†ู‡
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ูŠูƒูˆู† ูุญุต ู…ุนูŠุงุฑูŠ ูˆุงู„ูุญุต ุงู„ู…ุนูŠุงุฑูŠ ู‡ุฐุง
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุญุงุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุดู‡ุงุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุฌู‡ุฉ ุชุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ู€
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NGSP (National Glycohemoglobin Standardization
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Program). ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุด ุฃูŠ ุทู‚ู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุณูˆู‚ ู…ู…ูƒู†
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ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุนุชู…ุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
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NGSP
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A point-of-care assay should not be used for
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diagnosis. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ point-of-care assay ุฒูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ strips ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡
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ููŠ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุฌู„ูˆุจ A ูˆ C ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุด ู„ุงุฒู… ุชุณุชุฎุฏู…
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ู„ู„ู€ diagnosis ุฃูŠุถุง. ู…ู† ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุง
75
00:06:13,460 --> 00:06:18,280
ุงู„ู€ fasting plasma glucoseุŒ ูˆุฅูŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏู†ุงุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
76
00:06:18,280 --> 00:06:22,740
concentration ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† 126 milligram per deciliter
77
00:06:22,740 --> 00:06:28,820
ุฃูˆ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ุงู„ุดุฎุต ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ
78
00:06:28,820 --> 00:06:31,540
mellitus. Fasting is defined as non-calorie intake
79
00:06:31,540 --> 00:06:34,460
for at least eight hours. ุทุจุนุง ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุตุงุฆู…
80
00:06:34,460 --> 00:06:41,440
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„ ุซู…ุงู† ุณุงุนุงุช. ุฃุนุฑุงุถ
81
00:06:41,440 --> 00:06:47,360
of hyperglycemia and casual plasma glucose of two
82
00:06:47,360 --> 00:06:52,780
hundred milligram per deciliter or greater. ุงู„ู„ูŠ
83
00:06:52,780 --> 00:06:57,980
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ casual plasma glucose ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูุญุต
84
00:06:57,980 --> 00:07:03,330
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ glucose ููŠ ุฃูŠ ูˆู‚ุช ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… without
85
00:07:03,330 --> 00:07:07,530
regard to time since the last mealุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ random
86
00:07:07,530 --> 00:07:11,450
ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ casual ุฃูˆ random blood glucoseุŒ ู„ุฃู† ูƒุงู†
87
00:07:11,450 --> 00:07:17,450
ููŠ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ู…ุน
88
00:07:17,450 --> 00:07:22,540
casual plasma glucose ุฃูˆ random plasma glucose. ุงู„ู€
89
00:07:22,540 --> 00:07:26,160
Concentration 200 mg per deciliter ุฃูˆ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู‡ูŠ ุจุฑุถู‡
90
00:07:26,160 --> 00:07:29,880
ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูˆู‚ุชูŠู† ุชุดุฎูŠุตู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏู‡ type 2
91
00:07:29,880 --> 00:07:32,720
ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ. the classic
92
00:07:32,720 --> 00:07:35,220
symptoms of hyperglycemia include polyuriaุŒ
93
00:07:35,220 --> 00:07:42,740
polydipsiaุŒ and unexplained weight loss. ุฃูŠุถุง ูุญุต
94
00:07:42,740 --> 00:07:46,040
ุขุฎุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
95
00:07:46,040 --> 00:07:52,880
ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูุญุต ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุจุนุฏ ุณุงุนุชูŠู† ู…ู† ุฅุนุทุงุก
96
00:07:52,880 --> 00:08:00,080
ุงู„ุฌุฑุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ 75 ุฌุฑุงู…ุŒ ุจุนุฏ ุณุงุนุชูŠู† ุฅุฐุง ุทู„ุนุช ุฃู†
97
00:08:00,080 --> 00:08:03,380
ุงู„ู€ concentration ู„ู€ plasma glucose ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† 200
98
00:08:03,380 --> 00:08:08,320
ู…ูŠู„ูŠ ุฌุฑุงู… per deciliterุŒ ุฃูŠ ุจู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฎุต
99
00:08:08,320 --> 00:08:11,920
ูŠู…ูƒู† ุชุดุฎูŠุตู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุตุงุจ ุจู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ.
100
00:08:15,840 --> 00:08:20,180
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ู„ุจุณ
101
00:08:20,180 --> 00:08:25,840
ุฃูˆ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ ุจุดูƒู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒุจูŠุฑ
102
00:08:25,840 --> 00:08:30,520
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนุงูŠูŠุฑ ูŠุฌุจ ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏู‡ุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
103
00:08:30,520 --> 00:08:34,340
ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑ ููŠ ูŠูˆู… ู…ุฎุชู„ู. ู„ุงุจุฏ ู…ู†
104
00:08:34,340 --> 00:08:39,720
ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ูุญุต ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ
105
00:08:39,720 --> 00:08:47,390
ู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุฃูˆ ู†ููŠ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุจู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ. ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ
106
00:08:47,390 --> 00:08:50,690
ู„ู„ู…ุถุงุนูุงุชุŒ ุทุจุนุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุถุงุนูุงุช
107
00:08:50,690 --> 00:08:54,530
ุนุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุตุงุญุจุฉ ู„ู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุจู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ
108
00:08:54,530 --> 00:09:01,190
ูˆุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ู…ุณุชู…ุฑ ู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ุงู„ุฏู…
109
00:09:01,190 --> 00:09:04,130
patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are
110
00:09:04,130 --> 00:09:07,230
at high risk for the development of chronic
111
00:09:07,230 --> 00:09:10,930
complications. ูˆู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุถุงุนูุงุช ู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠู‡ุง
112
00:09:10,930 --> 00:09:15,570
ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุถุงุนูุงุช ุงู„ู…ูŠูƒุฑูˆูˆุนุงุฆูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ู‚ุฏ ุชุคุฏูŠ
113
00:09:15,570 --> 00:09:20,030
ุฅู„ู‰ ุงุนุชู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุดุจูƒูŠุฉุŒ ุงุนุชู„ุงู„ ุงู„ูƒู„ูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงุนุชู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุฃุนุตุงุจุŒ ูˆุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€
114
00:09:20,030 --> 00:09:24,310
ู…ุถุงุนูุงุช ุงู„ู…ุงูƒุฑูˆูˆุนุงุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰
115
00:09:24,310 --> 00:09:28,930
ุชุตู„ุจ ุงู„ุดุฑุงูŠูŠู† ูˆุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ูˆุงู„ุฃูˆุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏู…ูˆูŠุฉ
116
00:09:31,990 --> 00:09:39,710
ุจู…ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุจุงู„ุขู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฌุฒูŠุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู†
117
00:09:39,710 --> 00:09:44,330
ุงู„ู…ุถุงุนูุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู† ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ
118
00:09:44,330 --> 00:09:50,230
ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ุฃู† ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ูุฑุถูŠุงุช ูˆู‚ุฏ ุชู… ุชูุถูŠู„ู‡ุง
119
00:09:50,230 --> 00:09:54,050
ู„ุชูุณูŠุฑ ูƒูŠู ูŠุณุจุจ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…
120
00:09:54,050 --> 00:09:54,290
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…
121
00:09:54,290 --> 00:09:54,970
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…
122
00:09:54,970 --> 00:09:58,650
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…
123
00:09:58,650 --> 00:10:03,510
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…
124
00:10:03,510 --> 00:10:04,510
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…
125
00:10:04,510 --> 00:10:04,550
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…
126
00:10:04,550 --> 00:10:10,690
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
127
00:10:10,690 --> 00:10:14,410
ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin A1C ุฃูˆ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
128
00:10:14,410 --> 00:10:20,730
ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ Glucated albumin. ุชูุนูŠู„ ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
129
00:10:20,730 --> 00:10:27,090
ูƒูŠู†ุงุฒ C ูˆุชูุนูŠู„ ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ูƒูŠู†ุงุฒ C ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู†
130
00:10:27,090 --> 00:10:31,210
ุงู„ู€ oxidative stressุŒ production of super oxide
131
00:10:31,210 --> 00:10:35,650
and other reactive oxygen species. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
132
00:10:35,650 --> 00:10:39,130
ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ู†ู‚ู„ ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุชูˆูƒูˆู†ุฏุฑูŠุง. ุจุฑุถู‡ ุฃู†
133
00:10:39,130 --> 00:10:43,370
ุงู„ู€ endoplasmic reticulum stressุŒ increased
134
00:10:43,370 --> 00:10:48,850
hexosamine pathway fluxุŒ ูˆ ุชูุนูŠู„
135
00:10:48,850 --> 00:10:52,270
sarcomergic-II domain containing phosphatase-IุŒ ุงู„ู€
136
00:10:52,270 --> 00:11:02,890
SHP-I. ุงู„ุขู† ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุขู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ
137
00:11:02,890 --> 00:11:10,240
ุจุจุนุถู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ู…ูุฑุท ู„ู€ Super Oxide. ูŠุจู‚ู‰
138
00:11:10,240 --> 00:11:16,540
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ูŠุฉ
139
00:11:16,540 --> 00:11:22,260
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู…ุดุชุฑูƒ ุจูŠู† ูƒู„
140
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ุงู„ุขู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฌุฒูŠุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฐูƒุฑู†ุงู‡ุง. ูˆุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู†
141
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ุงู„ู€ clinical trials are underway using novel
142
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therapies specifically directed at the signaling
143
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molecules ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฒูŠ ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ูƒูŠู†ุงุฒ C ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ู„ู†ุง
144
00:11:41,100 --> 00:11:44,720
ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ oxidative stress ุฃูˆ
145
00:11:44,720 --> 00:11:50,580
ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู…ุถุงุฏุงุช ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ ู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ุขุซุงุฑ
146
00:11:50,580 --> 00:11:54,470
ุงู„ู…ุคูƒุณุฏุงุชุŒ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุนุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู…ุดุชุฑูƒ
147
00:11:54,470 --> 00:12:00,470
ูˆุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ุขู„ูŠุงุช ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€
148
00:12:00,470 --> 00:12:03,070
ู…ุคูƒุณุฏุงุช ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ูŠุฉ
149
00:12:03,070 --> 00:12:07,550
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุง ุชุนุงู…ู„ู†ุง ู…ุน ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ูŠุฉ
150
00:12:07,550 --> 00:12:13,970
ูˆู‚ู„ู‘ู‘ู„ู†ุงู‡ุงุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ุง
151
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุญู„ู‘
152
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ุฃูˆ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุญู„ู‘ ู„ู„ู…ุถุงุนูุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฎุงุตุฉ ุจู€
153
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ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ. ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุชู‡ูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„
154
00:12:32,160 --> 00:12:36,500
ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ ูˆูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุฃู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉ