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ุจูŠู† ููˆุงุฆุฏ ุงู„ู€ biochemical tests ุฃูŠุถุง ุงู„ู€
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diagnosis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต ู„ู…ุฑุถ ู…ุนูŠู†ุŒ ูˆุทุจุนุงู‹ ุฒูŠ
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ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ู‚ุจู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู†ุนู…ู„ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡
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ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุตูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡
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ุงู„ุทุจูŠุจ ุจูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ HistoryุŒ ุงู„ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู†
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ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุŒ ุจูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ symptoms ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉุŒ ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุฑุถู‡
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ุจูŠุชุทู„ุจ ุงู„ุงุณุชุนุงู†ุฉ ุจุฏูˆุงุฆุฑ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุฃุดุนุฉุŒ ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑุŒ ุฅู…ุง ู‡ุชุฃูƒุฏ it either
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confirm
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or refute a diagnosisุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅู…ุง ุจู†ุฃูƒุฏ ุฃูˆ ุจู†ู†ููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
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ู…ุฑุถ ู…ุนูŠู†ุŒ ูˆ it is important that the clinician
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appreciate how useful the chosen test is for these
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purposesุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุงุฒู… ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ูƒู…ุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนุงุฑู ุฅูŠุด
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ูุงุฆุฏุฉ ุงู„ูุญุต ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุทู„ุจู‡ุŒ ูˆููŠ ู…ุฑุงุช ุนุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุจูŠุชู…
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ุงู„ุงุณุชุนุงู†ุฉ ุจุฏุงุฆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ู„ุณุคุงู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุนู† ุจุนุถ
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ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ูˆุฃู‡ู…ูŠุชู‡ุง ู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃูˆ ุฅุซุจุงุช ุฃูˆ ู†ููŠ ู…ุฑุถ
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ู…ุนูŠู†ุŒ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุญุชู‰ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ุด ูƒุงู…ู„ุฉุŒ
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making diagnosis even if incomplete such as a
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diagnosis of hypoglycemia without knowing its
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cause may allow treatment to be initiatedุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰
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ู…ุฑุงุช ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุญุชู‰ ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุนุฑูุฉ
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ุณุจุจ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉุŒ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ู„ูˆ ุดุฎุตู†ุงุŒ ุงุฌูŠู†ุง
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ูุญุตู†ุง ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒุŒ ูˆู„ุงุฌูŠู†ุง ุฅู† ุงู„ุดุฎุต ู…ุณุชูˆู‰
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ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ู†ุฎูุถุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุนู†ุฏู‡
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hypoglycemiaุŒ ูˆุทุจุนุง ูˆุฌูˆุฏ hypoglycemia ูˆุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠู‡
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ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ life threatening
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conditionุŒ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุชู‡ุฏุฏ ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅู† ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู…ูƒู†
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ูŠุฏุฎู„ ุจู€ coma ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ูˆูุงุฉุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู†ุง ูุญุตู†ุง glucose
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ูˆุดุฎุตู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฎุต ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ hypoglycemiaุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง
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ุจูŠุชุทู„ุจ ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุงู„ุจุฏุก ููŠ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌุŒ ูˆููŠ ุฅุนุทุงุก glucose ุนู†
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ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ูˆุฑูŠุฏ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ patientุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ ุฃูŠุถุง ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู€
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monitoring ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุฑุงู‚ุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ a major use of
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biochemical test is to follow the course of an
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illness and to monitor the effects of a treatment
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ monitoring ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงู‚ุจุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุดูˆู
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the course of illnessุŒ ู‡ู„ ุงู„ู€ ... ุงู„ู€ ... ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูุนู„ูŠุง
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ููŠ ุชุญุณู† ุฃูˆ ุญุงู„ุชู‡ ุจุชุณูˆุก ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ูˆ ุจู†ุดูˆู ู…ุฏู‰ ุงุณุชุฌุงุจุชู‡
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ู„ู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชู… ุฅุนุทุงุกู‡ ุฅูŠุงู‡ุŒ To do this there must
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be ุงู„ุณูŠุทุฑุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ Analyte ุนุดุงู† ู†ูƒูˆู† ู‚ุงุฏุฑูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ูุนู„ูŠุง
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ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ MonitoringุŒ ู„ุงุจุฏ ู…ู† ูˆุฌูˆุฏ Analyte ู…ุนูŠู†
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ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุจู…ุฑุถ
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ู…ุนูŠู†ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ุŒ ููŠ ุฅู†ู‘ ุงู„ู€Glycated
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Hemoglobin in patients with diabetes mellitusุŒ
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ู‡ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ุŒ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู†
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ุงู„ู€Carbohydrates ูˆุนู† ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ู€DiabetesุŒ ููŠ ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ู†ูุญุณุจ
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ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ู†ุณุจุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ
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ุจูŠุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ู‰ ุจุงู„ู€
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Glycated HemoglobinุŒ ู‡ูˆ Hemoglobin ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน
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ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุญุณุงุจ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู€ Glycated
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Hemoglobin ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุนุฑู ู…ุฏู‰ ุงู„ุชุฒุงู… ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ
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ูˆุจุงู„ุญู…ูŠุฉุŒ ูˆู†ุดูˆู ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ูุนู„ุงู‹ ุนุงู…ู„ ุชุญูƒู… ูƒูˆูŠุณ ุนู„ู‰
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ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฃูˆ ู„ุงุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู† ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…
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ุงู„ู€Glucated Hemoglobin ู„ุนู…ู„ ู…ุฑุงู‚ุจุฉ ู„ู…ุณุชูˆูŠุงุช ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ
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ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุงู‡ุŒ ูˆู…ุฏู‰ ุงู„ุชุฒุงู… ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุฃูˆ ุจุงู„ู€Diet
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ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุงู„ุจูŠูˆ ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุฉ ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ู„ุชุญู‚ู‚ ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ููŠ
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ุงู„ุชุนุงู…ู„ุŒ ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ Monitoring ู…ู…ูƒู†
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ู†ุดูˆู ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุตุงุฑ ุฃูŠ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุฌุงู†ุจูŠุฉ ุจุณุจุจ
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ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชู… ุฅุนุทุงุกู‡ ู„ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ ุฒูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„
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hypokalemia ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ููŠ
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ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠู†ุชุฌ ุจุณุจุจ ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุจุงุฑุชูุงุน
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ุถุบุท ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ุจู…ุง ูŠุณู…ู‰ ุจุงู„ู€ diuretics ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ
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ู…ุฏุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุจูˆู„ุŒ ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุชู…ู†ุน ุงู…ุชุตุงุต ุงู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒู„ู‰
63
00:05:36,970 --> 00:05:40,630
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฅุฎุฑุงุฌ ู„ูƒู…ูŠุงุช ุณูˆุงุฆู„ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู†
64
00:05:40,630 --> 00:05:46,150
ุงู„ุฌุณู…ุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุจุชุนุงู„ุฌ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุถุบุท ุงู„ุฏู…
65
00:05:46,150 --> 00:05:50,790
ู„ูƒู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูƒู€ complication ุฃูˆ ูƒู€ side effect ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุคุฏูŠ
66
00:05:50,790 --> 00:05:56,750
ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ู€ potassium and are
67
00:05:56,750 --> 00:05:59,710
extensively used to screen for possible drug
68
00:05:59,710 --> 00:06:05,440
toxicityุŒ ูุจุฑุถู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู†
69
00:06:05,440 --> 00:06:09,740
ููŠ ู…ุณุชูˆูŠุงุช ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุฒุงุฏุช ุนู† ู…ุณุชูˆู‰
70
00:06:09,740 --> 00:06:15,320
ู…ุนูŠู†ุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงุก ู‡ูŠุชุญูˆู„ ู…ู† ุนู„ุงุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ ุณู… ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ูˆู…ู…ูƒู†
71
00:06:15,320 --> 00:06:20,100
ูŠุนู…ู„ ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุนุฏูŠุฏุฉุŒ ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ Monitoring
72
00:06:20,100 --> 00:06:24,680
ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุฑุงู‚ุจ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุจุงุณุชู…ุฑุงุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู…
73
00:06:24,680 --> 00:06:29,240
ุนุดุงู† ู…ุง ุชุตู„ุด ู„ู…ุณุชูˆูŠุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุถุฑ ุจุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ ูˆุชุชุญูˆู„
74
00:06:29,240 --> 00:06:39,010
ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ุงุฌุŒ ุชุชุญูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ ู„ู€
75
00:06:39,010 --> 00:06:43,050
Prognosis ุณูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถุŒ tests used primarily for
76
00:06:43,050 --> 00:06:46,470
diagnosis may also provide prognostic information
77
00:06:47,310 --> 00:06:50,250
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุฑุถู‡ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ ... ุงู„ู€ ... ุงู„ู€ analyte ุงู„ู„ูŠ
78
00:06:50,250 --> 00:06:52,950
ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ ุงุญู†ุง ุนุดุงู† ู†ุนู…ู„ diagnosis ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุฑุถู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู†
79
00:06:52,950 --> 00:06:58,950
ู‡ูˆ ู†ูุณู‡ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ prognosisุŒ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ูƒูŠู ุณูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู†
80
00:06:58,950 --> 00:07:04,430
ู…ุฏู‰ ุฎุทูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจู€ Plasma-Creatinine
81
00:07:04,430 --> 00:07:05,670
Concentration
82
00:07:05,670 --> 00:07:07,110
83
00:07:07,110 --> 00:07:07,990
84
00:07:07,990 --> 00:07:08,770
85
00:07:08,770 --> 00:07:11,930
86
00:07:11,930 --> 00:07:18,330
87
00:07:18,330 --> 00:07:22,710
88
00:07:22,710 --> 00:07:24,550
89
00:07:25,790 --> 00:07:31,490
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุจูŠู† ู„ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุณูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ูˆู‡ุฐุง
90
00:07:31,490 --> 00:07:36,670
ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ
91
00:07:36,670 --> 00:07:43,380
ุงู„ูƒู„ู‰ ุฃูˆ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ูุดู„ ูƒู„ูˆูŠุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู€
92
00:07:43,380 --> 00:07:50,120
Concentration ู„ู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุชู†ูŠู† ู†ุนุฑู ูŠุฏูŠุด ูุนู„ูŠุง ุงู„ู€
93
00:07:50,120 --> 00:07:56,060
efficiency ู„ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ูƒู„ู‰ุŒ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุชู†ูŠู† ููŠ
94
00:07:56,060 --> 00:08:03,590
ุงู„ุฏู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ู‘ู‡ ุชู†ุฎูุถ ุงู„ูƒูุงุกุฉ ุจุชุงุนุช ุงู„ูƒู„ู‰ ูˆุจุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ุง
95
00:08:03,590 --> 00:08:08,770
more damageุŒ ูŠุฌุจ ุฅู†ู‘ ุงู„ูƒู„ู‰ ุชู†ูŠู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุนุฑู ุณูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ
96
00:08:08,770 --> 00:08:15,990
ูˆู†ุดูˆู ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุฑุงูŠุญุฉ ู„ู„ุฃุณูˆุฃ ุฃูˆ ู„ุฃุŒ test
97
00:08:15,990 --> 00:08:18,370
can also indicate the risk of developing a
98
00:08:18,370 --> 00:08:24,260
particular conditionุŒ ูˆุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช
99
00:08:24,260 --> 00:08:29,180
ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุดูˆู ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู‡ุฐุง at higher risk ุฃูˆ
100
00:08:29,180 --> 00:08:34,360
at lower risk ู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุจุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ ูˆุนู†ุง ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ู€
101
00:08:34,360 --> 00:08:37,960
Coronary Artery Disease ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุตูŠุจ
102
00:08:38,820 --> 00:08:46,100
ุดุฑุงูŠูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุชุตู„ุจ ููŠ ุดุฑุงูŠูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจุŒ
103
00:08:46,100 --> 00:08:51,880
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ูุญุตู†ุง ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูƒูˆู„ุณุชุฑูˆู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…
104
00:08:51,880 --> 00:08:57,000
ูˆู„ุงุฌูŠู†ุง ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ุณูˆู‰ ุงู„ูƒูˆู„ุณุชุฑูˆู„ ู…ุฑุชูุน ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ุจู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุนู†ูŠ
105
00:08:57,000 --> 00:09:04,240
ุฃู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฎุต at higher risk ุฃูˆ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู†
106
00:09:04,240 --> 00:09:09,220
ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑูŠู† ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ูŠุตุงุจ ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ุง ุจุงู„ู€ Coronary
107
00:09:09,220 --> 00:09:14,420
Artery DiseaseุŒ ุงู„ู€ categories of biochemical
108
00:09:14,420 --> 00:09:18,240
markersุŒ ุงู„ู€ biochemical markers ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
109
00:09:18,240 --> 00:09:22,980
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู… ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ุจู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ุงู„ู€ clinical chemistry ู…ู…ูƒู†
110
00:09:22,980 --> 00:09:25,880
ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃู‚ุณุงู…
111
00:09:30,610 --> 00:09:35,630
ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Assessment ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Diagnosis
112
00:09:35,630 --> 00:09:40,850
ู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ูŠูŠู… ูˆุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต ู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉุŒ ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุชุชุนู„ู‚
113
00:09:40,850 --> 00:09:46,250
ุจุงู„ู€ CarbohydratesุŒ ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุชุนู„ู‚ ุจุงู„ู€ proteins
114
00:09:46,250 --> 00:09:52,370
ุจุงู„ู€ proteinsุŒ ุจุงู„ู€ nucleic acidsุŒ ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุฑุถู‡ Derivatives
115
00:09:52,370 --> 00:09:55,370
of these markersุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ markers ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
116
00:09:55,370 --> 00:09:58,570
nucleic acidsุŒ proteinsุŒ lipidsุŒ ูˆ Carbohydrates
117
00:10:00,260 --> 00:10:04,900
ุงู„ุชุญู‚ู‚ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุงุช ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุถูˆูŠุฉุŒ ุชู‚ุฏู… ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู†
118
00:10:04,900 --> 00:10:07,960
ุงู„ู€ homeostasis ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู…ุŒ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู‚ูŠูŠุณ
119
00:10:07,960 --> 00:10:10,980
Electrolytes
120
00:10:10,980 --> 00:10:16,060
ู…ุซู„ุงุŒ ุฃูŠูˆู†ุงุช ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉุŒ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู†ุŒ gases ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡
121
00:10:16,060 --> 00:10:21,620
ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู„ู‡ุง ุชู„ุงู„ุงุช ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ ูˆุชููŠุฏ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
122
00:10:21,620 --> 00:10:26,960
ุณูˆุงุก ุงู„ู€ diagnosis ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ management ู„ู€ patient
123
00:10:26,960 --> 00:10:28,180
ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู…ุŒ
124
00:10:31,300 --> 00:10:34,460
ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ analytes ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ูƒู„ู‡ุง
125
00:10:34,460 --> 00:10:38,480
analytes ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ endogenous substances
126
00:10:38,480 --> 00:10:44,140
endogenous substancesุŒ ู„ุฃู† ู…ุตุฏุฑู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฌุณู…ุŒ
127
00:10:45,470 --> 00:10:49,870
ุทูŠุจ ู‡ู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู‚ูŠุณ ูƒู…ุงู† ุญุงุฌุงุช ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŸ ุทุจุนุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู‚ูŠุณ
128
00:10:49,870 --> 00:10:54,550
ุงู„ู€ Exogenous SubstancesุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
129
00:10:54,550 --> 00:11:00,410
ุฃุตู„ุง ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจุงู„ุฌุณู…ุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฏุฎู„ ู„ู„ุฌุณู… ุฅู…ุง ุนู†
130
00:11:00,410 --> 00:11:06,550
ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุนู„ุงุฌ Therapeutic Drugs ุฃูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฏุฎู„ ู„ู„ุฌุณู… ูƒู€
131
00:11:06,550 --> 00:11:11,510
PoisonsุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุชู… ู‚ูŠุงุณู‡ุง ููŠ ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ุงู„ู€
132
00:11:11,510 --> 00:11:12,970
Clinical Chemistry
133
00:11:15,500 --> 00:11:19,360
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ categories ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉุŒ ููŠ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ู‡ู†ู…ุดูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
134
00:11:19,360 --> 00:11:24,740
ุจุดูƒู„ ุณุฑูŠุนุŒ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู„ู‡ ู‡ู†ุฑุฌุน ู†ุญูƒูŠู‡ ุจุชูุตูŠู„ ุฃูƒุซุฑ
135
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ููŠ ุงู„ู€ chapters ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ ... ุงู„ู€ ... ุงู„ู€ categories
136
00:11:28,640 --> 00:11:33,220
ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ category ู…ู†ู‡ู… ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† chapter ู‡ู†ุญูƒูŠ
137
00:11:33,220 --> 00:11:35,520
ููŠู‡ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„
138
00:11:37,440 --> 00:11:43,160
ุนู†ุง ุงู„ู€ ... ุงู„ู€ CarbohydratesุŒ ูˆุทุจุนุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ mono
139
00:11:43,160 --> 00:11:48,900
-saccharidesุŒ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ di-saccharidesุŒ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ู†
140
00:11:48,900 --> 00:11:51,240
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ CarbohydratesุŒ ุงู„ู€ glucose ูˆ ุงู„ู€ fructose
141
00:11:51,240 --> 00:11:58,430
ูˆุงู„ ribose ูˆุงู„ galactose ู…ู† ุงู„ carbohydrates
142
00:11:58,430 --> 00:12:03,270
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุชุนู„ู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
143
00:12:03,270 --> 00:12:06,130
carbohydrates ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู…ุชุนู„ู‚ุฉ ูˆุงู„ most common
144
00:12:06,130 --> 00:12:09,690
carbohydrate disorder ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ diabetes mellitus ู‡ูˆ
145
00:12:09,690 --> 00:12:16,990
ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ ูˆุทุจุนู‹ุง ููŠ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ ุงู„ disease is
146
00:12:16,990 --> 00:12:21,230
caused by inability to produce or to respond to
147
00:12:21,230 --> 00:12:24,850
the hormone insulin ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฅู…ุง ููŠ ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ู€
148
00:12:24,850 --> 00:12:30,080
insulin ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุงุณุชุฌุงุจุฉ ู„ู„ุงู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู† ูˆุจู†ุงุกู‹ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
149
00:12:30,080 --> 00:12:36,840
ุจุชุญุฏุฏ ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุทุจุนู‹ุง
150
00:12:36,840 --> 00:12:39,620
ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุณูƒุฑูŠ ุจู†ุฌูŠ ู†ุนู…ู„ ูุญูˆุตุงุช
151
00:12:39,620 --> 00:12:44,140
ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ู„ู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ุญุงู„ุงุฌุฉ ุฅู† ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ู€ glucose
152
00:12:44,140 --> 00:12:46,980
ู…ุฑุชูุนุŒ ุญุงู„ุงุฌุฉ ุฅู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
153
00:12:46,980 --> 00:12:53,660
hyperglycemiaุŒ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุงุฑุชูุงุน ููŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ
154
00:12:53,660 --> 00:12:57,880
ุทุจุนู‹ุง ููŠ ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ู€ diabetes
155
00:12:57,880 --> 00:13:02,060
ูˆู„ู…ุชุงุจุนุฉ ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ู€ diabetesุŒ ูˆู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ููŠ
156
00:13:02,060 --> 00:13:06,750
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูุญุต ุงู„ู€ ketones ุงู„ู€ acids ุงู„ู„ูŠ
157
00:13:06,750 --> 00:13:11,690
glycosylated ุฃูˆ glycated proteins ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
158
00:13:11,690 --> 00:13:16,070
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ glycated hemoglobin ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ูุญูˆุตุงุช ูŠุชู…
159
00:13:16,070 --> 00:13:22,690
ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ู„ู…ุชุงุจุนุฉ ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ ุฅู† ุงู„ูƒุงุชูŠุฌูˆุฑูŠ
160
00:13:22,690 --> 00:13:26,130
ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ lipids ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† organic compounds that
161
00:13:26,130 --> 00:13:30,590
are poorly soluble in solutions ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ุนุถูˆูŠุฉ
162
00:13:30,590 --> 00:13:36,030
ู„ุง ุชุฐูˆุจ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุตุนุจุฉ ุงู„ุฐูˆุจุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ and
163
00:13:36,030 --> 00:13:39,850
soluble in organic solutions ูˆุจุชุฏูˆุจ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฐูŠุจุงุช
164
00:13:39,850 --> 00:13:49,040
ุงู„ุนุถูˆูŠุฉ ูˆู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ lipids ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ fatty acidsุŒ ุงู„ู€
165
00:13:49,040 --> 00:13:53,340
triglyceridesุŒ ุงู„ูƒูˆู„ูŠุณุชุฑูˆู„ ูˆุงู„ู€ phospholipids
166
00:13:55,340 --> 00:13:59,720
ูˆุงู„ู€ Lipids ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ูƒู€ Biochemical Markers of
167
00:13:59,720 --> 00:14:04,140
Disease ูˆุญูƒูŠู†ุง ููŠ ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† Lipids
168
00:14:04,140 --> 00:14:09,620
ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ูƒ Risk Factor ู„ู†ุดูˆู ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ู„ ุงู„ุดุฎุต At risk ุฃูˆ
169
00:14:09,620 --> 00:14:12,560
ุฃู†ู‡ At risk ู„ู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุจุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ
170
00:14:12,560 --> 00:14:17,300
ูˆุงู„ุฃูˆุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏู…ูˆูŠุฉ ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชู… ุฅู† ุงู„ู€
171
00:14:17,300 --> 00:14:22,600
Triglycerides ูƒูˆู„ูŠุณุชุฑูˆู„ Low Density Lipoprotein
172
00:14:22,600 --> 00:14:28,710
ูˆHigh Density Lipoprotein ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„ ู„ู„ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ู„ุชุฌุงุฑุจ
173
00:14:28,710 --> 00:14:31,970
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู…ู†ุญู†ุง ู…ูŠุฌุงุฑุงุช ุฎุทุฑ ู„ุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ
174
00:14:31,970 --> 00:14:32,370
ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ
175
00:14:32,370 --> 00:14:35,090
ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ
176
00:14:35,090 --> 00:14:35,910
ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ
177
00:14:35,910 --> 00:14:36,950
ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ
178
00:14:36,950 --> 00:14:43,790
ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ
179
00:14:43,790 --> 00:14:51,750
ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุจุดุฎุตูŠุฉ
180
00:14:51,750 --> 00:14:56,710
ู…ุตุงุจ ุจุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุงู„ู€ blood pressure ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุชู…
181
00:14:56,710 --> 00:15:01,350
ุฅุฏุฎุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุณุชูˆูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฏู‡ูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู…ู„
182
00:15:01,350 --> 00:15:08,850
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชู†ุจุค ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฎุต at higher risk or at
183
00:15:08,850 --> 00:15:16,570
lower risk to get atherosclerosis in the future or
184
00:15:16,570 --> 00:15:21,570
not ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุนุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุดูˆูู‡ุง ูˆุงู„ categories
185
00:15:21,570 --> 00:15:25,890
ููŠู‡ุง proteins and amino acids ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชูˆ ุนุงุฑููŠู†
186
00:15:25,890 --> 00:15:31,110
ุนู†ุง ุนุดุฑูŠู† amino acid ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุจุชุชู… ุชุตู†ูŠุน
187
00:15:31,110 --> 00:15:37,670
ู„ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ humans make some of these amino
188
00:15:37,670 --> 00:15:41,210
acids ุงู„ุจุนุถ ู…ู†ู‡ ุทุจุนู‹ุง essential amino acids ูˆุงู„ู€
189
00:15:41,210 --> 00:15:47,320
ุงู„ุจุนุถ non-essential Plants and bacteria produce the
190
00:15:47,320 --> 00:15:53,560
essential amino acids and many others ุทูŠุจ
191
00:15:53,560 --> 00:15:58,660
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ plasma
192
00:15:58,660 --> 00:16:02,300
proteins have functions in many organs and tissue
193
00:16:02,300 --> 00:16:07,480
system ููŠ ุฅู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ููŠู‡ุง
194
00:16:07,480 --> 00:16:11,960
ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุธุงุฆู ูˆู…ู† ุถู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุธุงุฆู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู‚ูˆู… ููŠู‡ุง
195
00:16:11,960 --> 00:16:16,250
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ููŠ ุฅู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ูˆุง
196
00:16:16,250 --> 00:16:19,990
ูƒ carrier molecules ุฃู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจูŠุญู…ู„ูˆุง molecules ุฃุฎุฑู‰
197
00:16:19,990 --> 00:16:23,330
ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ albumin ูƒ receptors
198
00:16:24,720 --> 00:16:28,660
immune response agents ูˆ enzymes or catalytic
199
00:16:28,660 --> 00:16:32,860
proteins ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุจูˆุธุงุฆู ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
200
00:16:32,860 --> 00:16:37,600
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ plasma ุงู„ู€ total plasma protein ุจุฑุถู‡
201
00:16:37,600 --> 00:16:40,920
ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ุงุช ู„ูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู†ู‚ูŠุณ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู€ total ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
202
00:16:40,920 --> 00:16:44,380
ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ู…ู† ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ุงุชู‡ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ุจู†ุดูˆู a measure of
203
00:16:44,380 --> 00:16:49,880
nutrition ุจู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชุบุฐูˆูŠุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจู†ุดูˆู
204
00:16:49,880 --> 00:16:51,040
ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†
205
00:16:54,270 --> 00:16:58,150
ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู†
206
00:16:58,150 --> 00:17:01,710
ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุบุฐุงุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุชู†ุงูˆู„ู‡ ูˆูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ
207
00:17:01,710 --> 00:17:07,690
ุจูŠุชู†ุงูˆู„ู‡ุง ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ ูˆุตุญูŠุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุนูƒุณ
208
00:17:07,690 --> 00:17:10,750
ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุงู„ status of many organs and tissues that are
209
00:17:10,750 --> 00:17:14,010
involved in a protein metabolism ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„
210
00:17:14,010 --> 00:17:16,350
ู‚ูŠุงุณู†ุง ู„ู„ total plasma protein
211
00:17:19,990 --> 00:17:23,430
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู†ุนุฑู ุฅู† ุงู„ู…ุตู†ุน ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ
212
00:17:23,430 --> 00:17:28,890
ู„ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ
213
00:17:28,890 --> 00:17:32,390
ููŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฌุงู†ุจ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฏู„ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
214
00:17:32,390 --> 00:17:39,110
ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุงู„ู€ Total Plasma Protein and
215
00:17:39,110 --> 00:17:42,150
Process of Breakdown and Excretion of Protein
216
00:17:42,150 --> 00:17:49,560
Metabolites IPA ุจุฑุถู‡ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุฑุชุจุท
217
00:17:49,560 --> 00:17:56,900
ุจุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ break down ู„ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ูˆุงู„ excretion ู„ู„
218
00:17:56,900 --> 00:18:01,740
protein metabolites ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุงู„ break down ูˆุฅุฐุง
219
00:18:01,740 --> 00:18:03,600
ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ break down ุฃูˆ ุจุงู„ู€
220
00:18:03,600 --> 00:18:06,840
excretion ู„ู„ protein metabolites ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ุฐุง
221
00:18:06,840 --> 00:18:09,420
ูŠุคุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ total protein
222
00:18:14,970 --> 00:18:18,790
ุงู„ุขู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ู†ุดูˆู ุจุฑุถู‡ ุจุชูุตูŠู„ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุฅู† ู…ู…ูƒู†
223
00:18:18,790 --> 00:18:25,170
ุงุญู†ุง ู†ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ Total Protein ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุง ุฅู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
224
00:18:25,170 --> 00:18:30,110
ููŠู‡ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฎู…ุณู…ุงุฆุฉ protein ุฃูˆ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุทูŠุจ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู€
225
00:18:30,110 --> 00:18:33,790
Total Protein ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒูŠู ู†ุนุฑู ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠู†ุง ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ
226
00:18:35,640 --> 00:18:40,420
ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ูˆุงุทูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ
227
00:18:40,420 --> 00:18:46,620
ุฃูŠ ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ุฎู„ู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุนู…ู„ู‡
228
00:18:46,620 --> 00:18:48,960
ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ Measurement of Plasma Protein
229
00:18:48,960 --> 00:18:54,420
Fractions ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู„ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช
230
00:18:54,420 --> 00:18:59,040
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจุงู„ุฏู… ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุจุชูุตูŠู„ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุฅู†
231
00:18:59,040 --> 00:19:04,730
ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
232
00:19:04,730 --> 00:19:08,650
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุฎุงุต ุทุจุนู‹ุง ุงู„ู€ albumin
233
00:19:08,650 --> 00:19:13,410
ู„ุฅู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ concentration ู…ู† ุทุจุนู‹ุง ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช
234
00:19:13,410 --> 00:19:17,070
ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชู„ุนุจ ุฏูˆุฑ ููŠ
235
00:19:17,070 --> 00:19:23,730
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงูุธุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ osmotic pressure ุนุดุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู†
236
00:19:23,730 --> 00:19:29,090
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฏู… ูˆู…ู†
237
00:19:29,090 --> 00:19:33,810
ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ุงู„ู€ blood volume
238
00:19:33,810 --> 00:19:38,530
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ blood pressure ู„ุงุจุฏ ู…ู† ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ู†
239
00:19:38,530 --> 00:19:42,390
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุจูŠู„ุนุจ ุฏูˆุฑ
240
00:19:42,390 --> 00:19:46,110
ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงูุธุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ osmotic pressure
241
00:19:46,110 --> 00:19:52,630
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ blood volume ูˆุงู„ blood pressure ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง
242
00:19:52,630 --> 00:19:55,490
transport protein measurement of albumin monitor the
243
00:19:55,490 --> 00:19:59,410
ability of the body to transport such diverse
244
00:19:59,410 --> 00:20:02,310
substances as bilirubin, fatty acids and calcium
245
00:20:02,310 --> 00:20:06,270
through the blood ู„ุฅู† ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ู† ูˆุธุงุฆู
246
00:20:06,270 --> 00:20:12,530
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ ู†ูˆุงู‚ู„ ู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ููŠ
247
00:20:12,530 --> 00:20:18,590
ุงู„ุฏู… ูˆุทุจุนู‹ุง ู…ู† ุฃู‡ู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ูˆุงู‚ู„ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ albumin ุชู…ุงู…
248
00:20:18,590 --> 00:20:24,240
ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงู‚ุจุฉ
249
00:20:24,240 --> 00:20:28,360
ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ Albumin ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุตุงุฑ ููŠู†ุง ู†ู‚ุต ุฃูˆ
250
00:20:28,360 --> 00:20:33,760
ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุคุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชู…
251
00:20:33,760 --> 00:20:37,060
ู†ู‚ู„ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ Albumin
252
00:20:40,480 --> 00:20:44,740
ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ูุตู„ ูƒุงู…ู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ enzymesุŒ an
253
00:20:44,740 --> 00:20:48,220
enzyme is a protein catalyst that accelerates the
254
00:20:48,220 --> 00:20:52,280
speed of a chemical reactionุŒ ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู„ู‰
255
00:20:52,280 --> 00:20:55,400
ุชุณุฑูŠุน
256
00:20:55,400 --> 00:21:04,980
ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุทุจุนู‹ุง ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุชูƒูˆูŠู† complex ุจูŠู†
257
00:21:04,980 --> 00:21:10,310
ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ูˆุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ substrate ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุทุจุนู‹ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ
258
00:21:10,310 --> 00:21:16,310
ุฅู†ู†ุง ู†ุนู…ู„ release ู„ู„ product ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ ู„ู„ูุงุนู„
259
00:21:16,310 --> 00:21:20,330
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุตูŠุฑ This complex lowers the
260
00:21:20,330 --> 00:21:22,990
activation energy ุทุจุนู‹ุง ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู„ู‰
261
00:21:22,990 --> 00:21:31,660
ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ activation energy ููŠ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ูˆุทุจุนู‹ุง ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง
262
00:21:31,660 --> 00:21:36,580
ูŠุชู… ุงุณุชู‡ู„ุงูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
263
00:21:36,580 --> 00:21:40,420
Catalysis ู„ู„ุชูุงุนู„ ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู†ุชุฌ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง product ูˆู†ูุณ
264
00:21:40,420 --> 00:21:45,780
ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุชุณุฑูŠุน ู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุซุงู†ูŠ ูˆ
265
00:21:45,780 --> 00:21:52,180
ุชุงู„ุช ูˆุฑุงุจุน ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅู† ูŠุชู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงุณุชู‡ู„ุงูƒ ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู…
266
00:21:55,270 --> 00:22:03,370
ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุง ู„ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ุฅุฐุง ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ damage
267
00:22:03,370 --> 00:22:09,850
ููŠ tissue ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู„ุฅู† ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุฅู† ููŠ
268
00:22:09,850 --> 00:22:16,050
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจ concentration ุฃุนู„ู‰ ููŠ
269
00:22:16,050 --> 00:22:23,340
ุฏุงุฎู„ tissues ุฃูˆ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ูˆุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุตุงุฑ ููŠู†ุง
270
00:22:23,340 --> 00:22:27,060
damage ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ tissue ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุญู†ุดูˆู ููŠู†ุง release ู„ู‡ุฐู‡
271
00:22:27,060 --> 00:22:31,620
ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ูˆุญู„ุงุฌุฉ ุฅู† ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุฑุชูุน ุจู‚ุฏู…
272
00:22:31,620 --> 00:22:35,800
mild inflammation of the liver ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„
273
00:22:35,800 --> 00:22:38,940
reversibly increases the permeability of the cell
274
00:22:38,940 --> 00:22:42,680
membrane ุตุงุฑ ููŠู†ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆุตุงุฑ ููŠู†ุง ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจ ููŠ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง
275
00:22:43,130 --> 00:22:48,030
ุงู„ูƒุจุฏุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ู†ูุงุฐูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ cell membrane ู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง
276
00:22:48,030 --> 00:22:53,050
ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ูˆุจูŠุณู…ุญ ุจุฎุฑูˆุฌ ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ lactate
277
00:22:53,050 --> 00:22:56,350
dehydrogenase ูˆุงู„ู€ alkaline phosphatase ูˆุงู„ู€
278
00:22:56,350 --> 00:23:02,130
aspartate transaminase ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡
279
00:23:02,130 --> 00:23:08,760
ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฅู†ู‡ ุงุฑุชูุน ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… distribution of
280
00:23:08,760 --> 00:23:11,340
these enzymes within specific types of hepatic
281
00:23:11,340 --> 00:23:16,220
tissues varies ุฃูŠ ุจูŠู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ู…ู…ูƒู†
282
00:23:16,220 --> 00:23:21,940
ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุฎุชู„ู ุญุณุจ ุฅูŠุด ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„
283
00:23:21,940 --> 00:23:25,820
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู€ALC ูˆุงู„ู€ALT ูŠู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฅู† ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช
284
00:23:25,820 --> 00:23:30,950
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€Hepatocytes ููŠ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ุทุจ ููŠ ุนู†ุง
285
00:23:30,950 --> 00:23:36,250
ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุขุฎุฑ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ ALP ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุจุงู„ู‚ู†ูˆุงุช
286
00:23:36,250 --> 00:23:40,730
ุงู„ุตูุฑุงูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†
287
00:23:40,730 --> 00:23:44,870
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงุฑุชูุงุน ููŠ ุงู„ู€ AST ูˆุงู„ู€ ALT ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ
288
00:23:44,870 --> 00:23:48,330
ุนู†ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ู„ูƒู† ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงุฑุชูุงุน ููŠ
289
00:23:48,330 --> 00:23:52,770
ุงู„ู€ ALP ู„ุฃ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู‚ู†ูˆุงุช
290
00:23:52,770 --> 00:23:58,830
ุงู„ุตูุฑุงูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ููƒู…ุงู† ูƒู„ ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
291
00:23:58,830 --> 00:24:05,130
ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุจู†ูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู†ุณูŠุฌ ู…ุนูŠู† ูˆู„ู‡ ุฏู„ุงู„ุงุช
292
00:24:05,130 --> 00:24:05,950
ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ
293
00:24:10,390 --> 00:24:13,250
The Clinical Chemistry Laboratory and Organ System
294
00:24:13,250 --> 00:24:17,170
ุฅู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ ุงู„ุฃุนุถุงุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
295
00:24:17,170 --> 00:24:21,270
cardiovascular circulatory system Clinical
296
00:24:21,270 --> 00:24:23,370
Chemistry Laboratory offers analysis of
297
00:24:23,370 --> 00:24:25,690
biochemicals for the assessment of the ููŠู‡ุง
298
00:24:25,690 --> 00:24:29,650
ุฃู†ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุนุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุจุฑุถู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Clinical Chemistry Lab
299
00:24:29,650 --> 00:24:35,050
ูˆู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ููŠู‡ุง ุฃู†ูุญูˆุตุงุช ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ุฅู† ุดุฎุต
300
00:24:35,050 --> 00:24:38,290
ุงู„ู€ acute myocardial infarction ุงู„ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุตูŠุจ
301
00:24:38,290 --> 00:24:42,330
ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฅู† ุดุฎุต ุงู„ congestive heart failure ุงู„ู„ูŠ
302
00:24:42,330 --> 00:24:46,730
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุถุนู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุจ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ูˆุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃูŠุถุง
303
00:24:46,730 --> 00:24:53,610
ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุชุจูŠู† ุฅู† ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุดุฎุต
304
00:24:53,610 --> 00:24:56,310
ู‡ุฐุง at higher risk ู„ู€ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุจู€ coronary artery
305
00:24:56,310 --> 00:24:59,770
disease ุฃูˆ ู„ุฃ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠุช ุฃู†ุง ู‚ุจู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู†
306
00:24:59,770 --> 00:25:05,450
ุฎู„ุงู„ ูุญุต ุงู„ู€ limits ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ reference ranges ุจุชุณุงุนุฏ
307
00:25:05,450 --> 00:25:09,310
ููŠ ุชุญุณูŠู† ู…ุตุงุฏุฑ ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ูˆู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ
308
00:25:09,310 --> 00:25:09,990
ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ
309
00:25:09,990 --> 00:25:10,830
ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ
310
00:25:10,830 --> 00:25:13,950
ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ
311
00:25:13,950 --> 00:25:14,550
ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ
312
00:25:14,550 --> 00:25:25,750
ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ
313
00:25:25,750 --> 00:25:37,370
ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑูƒู…ูŠุงุช ูƒุงููŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุฃูˆ ู„ุฃ
314
00:25:37,370 --> 00:25:41,910
the respiratory tract a function of the
315
00:25:41,910 --> 00:25:44,610
respiratory tract is to transfer gases from the
316
00:25:44,610 --> 00:25:48,130
environment to tissue cells and from tissue cells
317
00:25:48,130 --> 00:25:51,830
to the environment ูˆู‡ูˆ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุจุงุฏู„ ุงู„ุบุงุฒุงุช ู‡ูŠ
318
00:25:51,830 --> 00:25:57,780
ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ุฑุฆุชูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ุชู†ูุณูŠ ุฅุฏุฎุงู„ ุงู„ู€ Oxygen
319
00:25:57,780 --> 00:26:04,620
ูˆุงู„ุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู† ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ู†ุดูˆู ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุฃู†
320
00:26:04,620 --> 00:26:09,700
ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ุชู†ูุณูŠ ูˆุงู„ุฑุฆุชูŠู† ุจูŠู„ุนุจูˆุง ุฏูˆุฑ ู…ู‡ู… ููŠ
321
00:26:09,700 --> 00:26:14,000
ุงู„ู…ุญุงูุธุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ acid-base balance ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฌุณู…
322
00:26:14,000 --> 00:26:22,020
ู„ุฃู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุฏู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ pH
323
00:26:23,330 --> 00:26:30,430
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชุฑุงูˆุญ ุจูŠู† 7.35 ู„ู€ 7.45 ูˆู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุฅู†ู‡ ุชุบูŠุฑ
324
00:26:30,430 --> 00:26:36,970
ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ pH ููŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ compensatory
325
00:26:36,970 --> 00:26:40,410
mechanisms ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุจูŠุดุบู„ู‡ุง ุนุดุงู† ูŠุฑุฌุน
326
00:26:40,410 --> 00:26:44,350
ุงู„ู€ pH ู„ู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู‡ู†ุดูˆู ู„ู…ุง ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ respiratory
327
00:26:44,350 --> 00:26:49,390
system ู‡ู†ุดูˆู ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุฆุชูŠู† ุจุชู„ุนุจ ุฏูˆุฑ ู…ู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงูุธุฉ
328
00:26:49,390 --> 00:26:52,530
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ pH ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฌุณู…
329
00:26:55,360 --> 00:26:58,680
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู€Arterial Blood Gases
330
00:26:58,680 --> 00:27:01,940
ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุนู…ู„ Assessment ู„ู€Function of the Respiratory
331
00:27:01,940 --> 00:27:06,920
System ู†ุดูˆู ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุฑุฆุชูŠู† ุจุชุดุชุบู„ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒูˆูŠุณ
332
00:27:06,920 --> 00:27:10,340
ุฃูˆ ู„ุฃ ูˆุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุจุงุฏู„ ุงู„ุบุงุฒุงุช
333
00:27:10,340 --> 00:27:14,500
ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒูˆูŠุณ ุฃูˆ ู„ุฃ ูˆุทุจุนู‹ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ
334
00:27:14,500 --> 00:27:18,360
ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุจุงู„ู€Circulatory System ู„ุฃู† Respiratory ุจูŠุนู…ู„
335
00:27:18,360 --> 00:27:24,930
ุชุจุงุฏู„ ู„ู„ุบุงุฒุงุช ู„ูƒู† ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูˆุฒุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุบุงุฒุงุช ุงู„ุฏู…
336
00:27:24,930 --> 00:27:28,030
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ .. ุจู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ู€ respiratory system ูˆ ุจู†ุดูˆู ุจุฑุถู‡
337
00:27:28,030 --> 00:27:34,570
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ cardiovascular system blood
338
00:27:34,570 --> 00:27:37,450
oxygenation and pH are dependent upon the uptake
339
00:27:37,450 --> 00:27:40,710
of oxygen by hemoglobin and removal of carbon
340
00:27:40,710 --> 00:27:43,330
dioxide from red blood cells
341
00:27:47,460 --> 00:27:51,920
ุงู„ู€ .. ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
342
00:27:51,920 --> 00:27:55,340
ุงู„ู€ blood gases ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ arterial blood gases ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ
343
00:27:55,340 --> 00:27:58,220
ููŠ ุชุดุฎูŠุต ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ chronic obstructive
344
00:27:58,220 --> 00:28:02,780
pulmonary disease ุงู„ู„ูŠ
345
00:28:02,780 --> 00:28:06,960
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุงู†ุณุฏุงุฏ ุงู„ุฑุฆูˆูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฒู…ู†
346
00:28:10,770 --> 00:28:13,450
ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจุชุชู… ุฎู„ุงู„ ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู€ Arterial Blood
347
00:28:13,450 --> 00:28:19,470
gases ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
348
00:28:19,470 --> 00:28:23,750
organs ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุฏุฑุณู‡ุง ุฃูŠุถุง ุงู„ู€ liver ูˆุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูุญูˆุตุงุช
349
00:28:23,750 --> 00:28:28,730
ุนุฏูŠุฏุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ู†ุนู…ู„ assessment ูˆุชู‚ูŠูŠู… ู„ู€
350
00:28:28,730 --> 00:28:35,490
liver function ูˆู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ enzymes
351
00:28:35,490 --> 00:28:39,510
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ ALT ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุณุงุจู‚ุง ุงู„ู€ AST ูˆุนู†ุฏู†ุง
352
00:28:39,510 --> 00:28:48,100
ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุงู„ู€ ALBุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ูุญุต ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ
353
00:28:48,100 --> 00:28:51,300
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ู„ุฃู† ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู…ูŠู† ู…ุตู†ุน ู‡ุฐู‡
354
00:28:51,300 --> 00:28:56,100
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ูˆ ูุญุตู†ุง ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ
355
00:28:56,100 --> 00:28:59,340
ู„ู‚ูŠู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
356
00:28:59,340 --> 00:29:04,260
ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุจุฌู‡ุฉ ุฏู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจูŠุนูƒุณ ุงู„ู€ .. ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
357
00:29:04,260 --> 00:29:10,780
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ liver ุฃูˆ ุงู†ุฎูุถุช ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ู„ู„ู€
358
00:29:10,780 --> 00:29:15,180
liverุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Systems ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุดูˆูู‡ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€
359
00:29:15,180 --> 00:29:20,340
Renal System ูˆููŠู‡ ุฃู†ู‡ ูุญูˆุตุงุช ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ู…ู…ูƒู†
360
00:29:20,340 --> 00:29:26,640
ู†ู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ู€ Renal System ูˆู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุฅู† ุงู„ู€
361
00:29:26,640 --> 00:29:30,820
ElectrolytesุŒ Minerals ูˆููŠู‡ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ Protein
362
00:29:30,820 --> 00:29:34,400
Metabolic West Products ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูŠูˆุฑูŠุง
363
00:29:34,400 --> 00:29:35,980
ูˆุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู†ูŠู†
364
00:29:37,630 --> 00:29:40,330
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุงู„ุจูŠูˆูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ุณูŠุฑูˆู… ู…ู…ูƒู†
365
00:29:40,330 --> 00:29:44,350
ู†ูุญุตู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ุณูŠุฑูˆู… ูˆุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ูุญุตู‡ู… ุจุฑุถู‡ ููŠ
366
00:29:44,350 --> 00:29:52,970
ุงู„ูŠูˆุฑูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ body fluids ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู„ู€ digestive
367
00:29:52,970 --> 00:29:57,670
system ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง
368
00:29:57,670 --> 00:30:02,250
ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ูุญูˆุตุงุช ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุชุชุนู„ู‚ ุจุงู„ู€ digestive system
369
00:30:02,250 --> 00:30:10,620
ูˆูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ู€ digestive system ูˆุทุจุนู‹ุง ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู†
370
00:30:10,620 --> 00:30:16,020
ูŠุจูŠู† ุฃูˆ ูŠุนูƒุณ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูˆ ู„ู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠู‡ ู„ู„ู€ nutritional status
371
00:30:16,020 --> 00:30:21,740
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชุบุฐูˆูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠู‡ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠ
372
00:30:21,740 --> 00:30:24,000
ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ู€ digestive system ุฒูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„
373
00:30:24,000 --> 00:30:28,340
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง intestinal ู…ุซู„ุง absorption
374
00:30:28,340 --> 00:30:34,260
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู‡ูŠุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงู…ุชุตุงุต ู„ู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ
375
00:30:34,260 --> 00:30:43,600
ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู†ุฎูุถ ู…ุณุชูˆูŠุงุชู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ู‡ู†ุดูˆู ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง
376
00:30:43,600 --> 00:30:49,840
ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ุจู†ูƒุฑูŠุงุณ ูˆุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุงุช
377
00:30:49,840 --> 00:30:53,940
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฑุชูุน
378
00:30:53,940 --> 00:30:58,720
ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง inflammation ููŠ ุงู„ุจู†ูƒุฑูŠุงุณ
379
00:31:00,850 --> 00:31:03,290
ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู†
380
00:31:03,290 --> 00:31:03,790
ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู†
381
00:31:03,790 --> 00:31:05,310
ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู†
382
00:31:05,310 --> 00:31:07,030
ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู†
383
00:31:07,030 --> 00:31:07,950
ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู†
384
00:31:07,950 --> 00:31:09,430
ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู†
385
00:31:09,430 --> 00:31:10,810
ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู†
386
00:31:10,810 --> 00:31:11,290
ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู†
387
00:31:11,290 --> 00:31:11,650
ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู†
388
00:31:11,650 --> 00:31:13,690
ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู†
389
00:31:13,690 --> 00:31:16,490
ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช
390
00:31:16,530 --> 00:31:21,010
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ half-life ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุนุฑู ุฅุฐุง
391
00:31:21,010 --> 00:31:25,930
ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช
392
00:31:25,930 --> 00:31:29,970
ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ inflammation ู…ุซู„ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ intestine ุฃูˆ
393
00:31:29,970 --> 00:31:34,210
ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ absorption ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุนุฑู ู‡ู„ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ูุชุฑุฉ
394
00:31:34,210 --> 00:31:38,950
ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ูุชุฑุฉ ู‚ุตูŠุฑุฉ ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ half-life
395
00:31:38,950 --> 00:31:42,290
ู„ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ูˆุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตุงุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ
396
00:31:42,290 --> 00:31:47,580
ุงู„ุฏู… ู‡ู„ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ half-life ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุง
397
00:31:47,580 --> 00:31:53,000
ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ู‚ุตูŠุฑุฉ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุฑุถู‡
398
00:31:53,000 --> 00:31:57,520
ุชู†ุนู…ู„ ุจุงู„ู€ Clinical Chemistry Lab Analysis of
399
00:31:57,520 --> 00:32:03,060
Gastric Fluid ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ุญุงู…ุถ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃูˆ
400
00:32:03,060 --> 00:32:08,300
ุงู„ุณุงุฆู„ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุนุฏุฉ ูˆู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ stomach ุนู„ู‰
401
00:32:08,300 --> 00:32:14,460
ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุณุงุฆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ acid ุฃูˆ ู„ุฃ ุฒูŠ
402
00:32:14,460 --> 00:32:16,780
ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุชู… ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุฃูˆ
403
00:32:16,780 --> 00:32:21,040
ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุจู†ูƒุฑูŠุงุณ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช
404
00:32:21,040 --> 00:32:24,840
ุงู„ู€ lipase ูˆ ุงู„ู€ amylase ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ุฅู†
405
00:32:24,840 --> 00:32:32,990
ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุตู„ ู„ู„ุจู†ูƒุฑูŠุงุณ ู…ู† ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ
406
00:32:32,990 --> 00:32:35,750
ุจุชุชู… ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Clinical Chemistry Lab ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
407
00:32:35,750 --> 00:32:39,930
ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ู„ุฃู† ุงุญู†ุง
408
00:32:39,930 --> 00:32:43,570
ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจู†ูุญุต ุงู„ู€ Endogenous Substances ู„ูƒู† ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู†
409
00:32:43,570 --> 00:32:46,910
ู†ูุญุต ุงู„ู€ Exogenous Substances ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Exogenous
410
00:32:46,910 --> 00:32:52,030
Substances ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ Drugs ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
411
00:32:52,030 --> 00:32:57,620
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ูุญุต ู…ุณุชูˆูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง
412
00:32:57,620 --> 00:33:02,020
ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุญุชุงุฌ ุฅู†ู‡ ุชูƒูˆู† ุจู€
413
00:33:02,020 --> 00:33:06,320
concentration ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ูˆู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ
414
00:33:06,320 --> 00:33:11,360
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงุก ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุด ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ูุนุงู„ ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ
415
00:33:11,360 --> 00:33:17,080
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฏูˆุงุก ุฅู„ู‰ toxic ุฃูˆ
416
00:33:17,080 --> 00:33:23,260
ูŠุนู…ู„ ู„ูŠ toxicity ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู… Therapeutic Drug Range is
417
00:33:23,260 --> 00:33:26,160
narrow for some drugs ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
418
00:33:26,160 --> 00:33:30,280
ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ุด
419
00:33:30,280 --> 00:33:34,000
effective ุฃูˆ ูุนุงู„ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ู„ูŠ toxicity
420
00:33:34,000 --> 00:33:38,900
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ therapeutic range
421
00:33:38,900 --> 00:33:42,380
ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ narrow therapeutic range ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
422
00:33:42,380 --> 00:33:47,340
ุถูŠู‚ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุญุชุงุฌ ุฅู†ู‡ ู†ุนู…ู„ ู„ู‡ุง
423
00:33:47,340 --> 00:33:49,760
ู…ุฑุงู‚ุจุฉ ุจุงุณุชู…ุฑุงุฑ
424
00:33:53,090 --> 00:33:57,270
Toxicology ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ูุฑุน ู…ู† ูุฑูˆุน ุงู„
425
00:33:57,270 --> 00:34:01,770
clinical chemistry ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ study of poisons ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ
426
00:34:01,770 --> 00:34:05,910
ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ู†ูู‚ูŠู‘ู… ุงู„ุณู…ูˆู… ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู†
427
00:34:05,910 --> 00:34:12,750
ุชุฏุฎู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„
428
00:34:12,750 --> 00:34:20,250
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู€ alcohols ูˆุขุฎุฑ ุดูŠุก ู„ู€ Tumor Markers
429
00:34:20,250 --> 00:34:25,510
ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุฌุฒุก ู…ู‡ู… ู…ู† ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชู… ููŠ ุงู„ู€
430
00:34:25,510 --> 00:34:30,250
Clinical Chemistry Lab ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฏู„ุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฃูˆุฑุงู… ูˆ
431
00:34:30,250 --> 00:34:37,330
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณุงุนุฏ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต ู„ุฃูˆุฑุงู…
432
00:34:37,330 --> 00:34:41,030
ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ it may be used to detect the
433
00:34:41,030 --> 00:34:46,180
presence of a tumor ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฃู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู„ุนุจู‡ ุงู„ู€
434
00:34:46,180 --> 00:34:50,020
Tumor Markers ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ Monitoring ู„ู€ Progress
435
00:34:50,020 --> 00:34:58,540
of Disease ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ Response to Treatment ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒุงู†ุช
436
00:34:58,540 --> 00:35:06,730
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู‚ุฏู…ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ Clinical Chemistry ูˆูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุฎุฐู†ุง
437
00:35:06,730 --> 00:35:11,690
ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฌูˆู„ุฉ ุณุฑูŠุนุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุถูŠุน ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฅู†
438
00:35:11,690 --> 00:35:16,810
ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู‡ู†ุฏุฑุณ ูƒู„ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุงุช
439
00:35:16,810 --> 00:35:21,270
ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ูˆูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุฃู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉ ูˆุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู†ู„ู‚ุงูƒู…
440
00:35:21,270 --> 00:35:26,410
ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน ุจุฎูŠุฑ ูˆุตุญุฉ ูˆุนุงููŠุฉ