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1 |
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00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:05,760 |
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ุฅู ูุฐุง ุงูุฌุฏูู ู
ู ุฎูุงูู ู
ู
ูู ูุนุฑู ููู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ |
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2 |
|
00:00:05,760 --> 00:00:10,620 |
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ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุฃู ูุนูู ู
ู
ูู ูุนุทููุง indication ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ููู |
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3 |
|
00:00:10,620 --> 00:00:15,660 |
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ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ูู pre-renal ูู post-renal ุฃู ู
ู
ูู |
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4 |
|
00:00:15,660 --> 00:00:22,360 |
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ุงูุฃู
ูุฑ ุทุจูุนูุฉ ุฃู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ูู ุฏุงุฎู ุงู kidney ุนูุฏูุง ุงู |
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5 |
|
00:00:22,360 --> 00:00:26,540 |
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ratio ุงููู ูู ุงูููุฑูุง ููุฑูุงุชูููู ุงูุฌุฏูู ุงูููุฑุฉ |
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6 |
|
00:00:26,540 --> 00:00:31,020 |
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ุจุชุงุนุชู ุฃูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูููุฑูุง ู ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ุงุซููู ุจูุตููู
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7 |
|
00:00:31,020 --> 00:00:35,160 |
|
filtration ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงู glomerulus ููู ุงูููุฑูุง |
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8 |
|
00:00:35,160 --> 00:00:41,580 |
|
ุจูุตููุง reabsorption ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงู tubules ูู
ู
ูู ูุนูู |
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9 |
|
00:00:41,580 --> 00:00:45,840 |
|
ุจุชุฏุฎููุง ุงูุฏู
ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ูุนู
ููุฉ ุงู reabsorption ู |
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10 |
|
00:00:45,840 --> 00:00:51,640 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ู
ู
ูู ุชุฒูุฏ ุฃู ุชูู ููู ุจุงููุณุจุฉ ููุฑูุงุชูููู |
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11 |
|
00:00:51,640 --> 00:00:57,180 |
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ุงูุนู
ููุฉ ุงู reabsorption remains the same ุชู
ุงู
ู |
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12 |
|
00:00:57,180 --> 00:01:00,120 |
|
ูุนููุง ุนูุฏูุง minimal reabsorption ูููุฑูุงุชูููู |
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13 |
|
00:01:00,120 --> 00:01:06,540 |
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ูุจูู ูุฐู ุงูููุฑุฉ ููุฐุง ุงููุญุต ุชูุฑูุจุง ุฃู ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู |
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14 |
|
00:01:06,540 --> 00:01:09,520 |
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ุงูู
ูุถูุน ุงููู ูู ุงู reabsorption ุซุงุจุช ููููููุง |
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15 |
|
00:01:09,520 --> 00:01:14,190 |
|
minimal reabsorption ููู ุงูููุฑูุง ุงูู Reabsorption |
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16 |
|
00:01:14,190 --> 00:01:18,730 |
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ู
ู
ูู ุชุฒูุฏ ู ู
ู
ูู ุชูู ุญุณุจ ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ุทูุจ ูู ุฌููุง ุฃุฎุฐูุง |
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17 |
|
00:01:18,730 --> 00:01:23,870 |
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ุฃูู ratio ุนูุฏูุง ุงูููุฑูุง ุฒุงุฏุช ู ุฃูุซุฑ ุจูุซูุฑ ู
ู |
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18 |
|
00:01:23,870 --> 00:01:28,590 |
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ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ูุนูู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุนูุฏู ุงู ratio ุงููู ูู |
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19 |
|
00:01:28,590 --> 00:01:34,860 |
|
ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู 100 ุฅูู 1 ุงู ratio ุงูููุฑูุง ูููุฑูุงุชูููู ูุจูู |
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20 |
|
00:01:34,860 --> 00:01:38,960 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู
ุดููุฉ pre-renal ูุงูู
ุดููุฉ ู
ูุงุจูุฉ ุงูููู |
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21 |
|
00:01:38,960 --> 00:01:43,480 |
|
ูุฅุญูุง ูุงูุฑูู ูููููุง ุจุงููุณุจุฉ ูู pre-renal ุจุชููู |
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22 |
|
00:01:43,480 --> 00:01:48,420 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ูู ุญุงูุงุช ุงููู ููุต ูู ุงู blood pressure ูุงู |
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23 |
|
00:01:48,420 --> 00:01:53,500 |
|
blood volume ูุฅุฐุง ูุงูุฑูู ูู
ุงู ูููููุง ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุนูุฏูุง |
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24 |
|
00:01:53,500 --> 00:01:59,800 |
|
ุตุงุฑ ููู ููุต ูู ุงู blood volume ุฃู ุงู blood |
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25 |
|
00:01:59,800 --> 00:02:04,480 |
|
pressure ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุฃู dehydration ุจูุฒูุฏ ุนูุฏูุง ุงู |
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26 |
|
00:02:04,480 --> 00:02:10,520 |
|
reabsorption ููููุฑูุง ูุนุดุงู ููู ุงูููุฑูุง ุจุชุฑุชูุน |
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27 |
|
00:02:10,520 --> 00:02:14,460 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ูุฃูู ุจุงูุฒูุงุฏุฉ Reabsorption ูุจูู ุงูู
ููุงููุฒู
ููุง |
|
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|
28 |
|
00:02:14,460 --> 00:02:18,000 |
|
ุจุฃู blood urea nitrogen reabsorption is increased |
|
|
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29 |
|
00:02:18,000 --> 00:02:22,720 |
|
ูุทุจุนุง ุงู increase is disproportionately elevated |
|
|
|
30 |
|
00:02:22,720 --> 00:02:27,080 |
|
relative to creatinine in serum ุนูู ุฃูู ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง |
|
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31 |
|
00:02:27,080 --> 00:02:31,720 |
|
ุงู creatinine ุงููู ูู ุชูุฑูุจุง ุซุงุจุช ููู ุงูุชุบูุฑ ูู ุงู |
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|
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32 |
|
00:02:31,720 --> 00:02:36,140 |
|
reabsorption ูุญุตู ูู ุงู urea ูุจูู pre-renal dehydration |
|
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33 |
|
00:02:36,140 --> 00:02:41,250 |
|
or hypoperfusion is suspected ุทุจุนุง ุนุดุงู ูู ุฒุงุฏุช |
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34 |
|
00:02:41,250 --> 00:02:45,830 |
|
ุงู
ุชุตุงุต ุงูููุฑูุง ูุฒุงุฏ ุงู concentration ููููุฑูุง ูู |
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35 |
|
00:02:45,830 --> 00:02:50,870 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ูุบูุฑูู ู
ู ุงู ratio ุงูุขู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุนูุฏู ุงููุณุจุฉ |
|
|
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36 |
|
00:02:50,870 --> 00:02:56,630 |
|
40 ุฅูู 100 ููุฑูุง ุฅูู 1 ูุฑูุงุชูููู ูุจูู ูุฐู ุจูููู |
|
|
|
37 |
|
00:02:56,630 --> 00:03:01,750 |
|
normal ุฃู ู
ู
ูู ูููู post renal ุชููู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ูู
ุง |
|
|
|
38 |
|
00:03:01,750 --> 00:03:03,310 |
|
ุจุนุฏ ุงู kidney |
|
|
|
39 |
|
00:03:13,710 --> 00:03:19,510 |
|
ุงููุณุจุฉ ุงูููููุฉ ู
ู 40 ุฅูู 1 ูุนูู ุฃู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ |
|
|
|
40 |
|
00:03:19,510 --> 00:03:25,550 |
|
intrarenal ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุฏุงุฎู ุงูููู ุงูููู ูููุง ู
ุดููุฉ |
|
|
|
41 |
|
00:03:25,550 --> 00:03:28,450 |
|
ูุฃุซุฑุช ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ุงููู ุจุงูููู ุนูู ุงู reabsorption |
|
|
|
42 |
|
00:03:28,450 --> 00:03:33,560 |
|
ููููุฑูุง ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุงูุขู ููุช ุงููุณุจุฉ ููุดุ ูุฃูู ุงูู Urea |
|
|
|
43 |
|
00:03:33,560 --> 00:03:38,080 |
|
Reabsorption ููุช ุงูููู ููุณูุง ูุณุจุจ ูู ุชูููู |
|
|
|
44 |
|
00:03:38,080 --> 00:03:41,860 |
|
ุงู absorption ู
ู blood-urea-nitrogen ูุฐูู ูุชููู |
|
|
|
45 |
|
00:03:41,860 --> 00:03:51,920 |
|
ู
ูุงุฑูุฉ blood-urea-nitrogen to creatinine ุทูุจ |
|
|
|
46 |
|
00:03:51,920 --> 00:04:00,350 |
|
ุฎูููุง ูุดูู case study ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุญุงูุฉ ุชุชุนูู ุจุงูููุงู
|
|
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|
47 |
|
00:04:00,350 --> 00:04:06,210 |
|
ุงููู ุญูููุง ุณุงุจูุง eighty-year-old woman was |
|
|
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48 |
|
00:04:06,210 --> 00:04:09,310 |
|
admitted with a diagnosis of hypertension |
|
|
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49 |
|
00:04:09,310 --> 00:04:13,130 |
|
congestive heart failure, anemia, possible |
|
|
|
50 |
|
00:04:13,130 --> 00:04:16,770 |
|
diabetes and chronic renal failure ูุจูู ุนู
ุฑูุง |
|
|
|
51 |
|
00:04:16,770 --> 00:04:22,670 |
|
ุซู
ุงููู ุณูุฉ ูุนูุฏูุง ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุถุบุท ุงูุฏู
ุนูุฏูุง ุถุนู ูู |
|
|
|
52 |
|
00:04:22,670 --> 00:04:26,910 |
|
ุนุถูุฉ ุงูููุจ ูู ุนูุฏูุง anemia ุงุญุชู
ุงู ุฃู ูููู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
53 |
|
00:04:26,910 --> 00:04:33,670 |
|
diabetes ุณูุฑู ูุจุงูุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฅูู ูุดู ูููู ู
ุฒู
ู ูุจูู |
|
|
|
54 |
|
00:04:33,670 --> 00:04:37,070 |
|
ุฃุนุทููุง she was treated with diuretics ุชุนุทู ุงู |
|
|
|
55 |
|
00:04:37,070 --> 00:04:41,150 |
|
diuretics ูู ุงูุฃุฏููุฉ ุงูู
ุฏุฑุฉ ููุจูู ููุจูู ูู ุฃุฏููุฉ |
|
|
|
56 |
|
00:04:41,150 --> 00:04:47,150 |
|
ุจุชู
ูุน ู
ู ุงู
ุชุตุงุต ุงูุฃู
ูุงุญ ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุงูู
ุงุก ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงู |
|
|
|
57 |
|
00:04:47,150 --> 00:04:51,810 |
|
kidney ููุฐุง ุจูููู ู
ู ุงู blood volume ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุจูููู |
|
|
|
58 |
|
00:04:51,810 --> 00:04:54,530 |
|
ู
ู ุงู blood pressure ูู ุญุงูุงุช ุงููู ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
59 |
|
00:04:54,530 --> 00:04:57,570 |
|
hypertension ุงููู ูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุถุบุท ุงูุฏู
ุทุจุนุง |
|
|
|
60 |
|
00:04:57,570 --> 00:05:01,510 |
|
ููุนุทููุง intravenous fluids ุงููู ูู ุณูุงุฆู ุจุฑุถู ุนู |
|
|
|
61 |
|
00:05:01,510 --> 00:05:08,380 |
|
ุทุฑูู ุงููุฑูุฏ ูุจุนุฏ ุฃุฑุจุน ุฃูุงู
ูุนูู they released her |
|
|
|
62 |
|
00:05:08,380 --> 00:05:14,020 |
|
ุทูุนุช ู
ู ุงูู
ุณุชุดูู ูุฅูู ูุชุงุฆุฌ ุงูู
ุฎุชุจุฑ ุนูุฏูุง first |
|
|
|
63 |
|
00:05:14,020 --> 00:05:19,620 |
|
admission ุฃูู ู
ุง ุฏุฎูุช ุงูู
ุณุชุดูู ุนู
ููููุง ุงูุชุญุงููู |
|
|
|
64 |
|
00:05:19,620 --> 00:05:24,380 |
|
ุนู
ููููุง ุงู blood urea nitrogen ูุฑูุงุชูููู ููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ููุฑูุง |
|
|
|
65 |
|
00:05:24,380 --> 00:05:29,620 |
|
ู .. ููุฑูุง ููุชุฑูุฌูู ู ูุฑูุงุชูููู ratio glucose ูุฒู |
|
|
|
66 |
|
00:05:29,620 --> 00:05:31,980 |
|
ู
ุง ุฅุญูุง ุดุงูููู ู
ู ุงููุชุงุฆุฌ ุนูุฏูุง ุงู blood urea nitrogen |
|
|
|
67 |
|
00:05:31,980 --> 00:05:37,160 |
|
58 ูุนูุฏูุง ุงูู
ูุฑูุถ ุงู reference interval ู
ู 7 ู 20 |
|
|
|
68 |
|
00:05:37,160 --> 00:05:41,260 |
|
ุจูุจูู ู
ุฑุชูุน ุนูุฏูุง ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู 6.2 ูุงูู
ูุฑูุถ ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
69 |
|
00:05:41,260 --> 00:05:45,720 |
|
ุงู upper limit 1.2 ุจูุจูู ุจุฑุถู ู
ุฑุชูุน ุงู uric acid |
|
|
|
70 |
|
00:05:45,720 --> 00:05:54,820 |
|
ุนุดุฑุฉ ุจุฑุถู ู
ุฑุชูุน ูุนูู ุงู reference interval ู
ู 6 ู |
|
|
|
71 |
|
00:05:54,820 --> 00:06:00,650 |
|
ูุต ู
ู
ูู ูุนูู ูุจุนุถ ุงูููู ุจูููููุง 7 ูุจูู ุจุฑุถู ู
ุฑุชูุน |
|
|
|
72 |
|
00:06:00,650 --> 00:06:04,970 |
|
ุงู uric acid ุนูุฏูุง ุงู urea ูุงุชุฌ ููุฑูุงุชูููู 9.4 |
|
|
|
73 |
|
00:06:04,970 --> 00:06:10,210 |
|
ูุจูู ุงู ratio ุนูุฏูุง ูู ุฌููุง ุทูุนูุง ุนูู ุงูุฌุฏูู ุงู |
|
|
|
74 |
|
00:06:10,210 --> 00:06:12,710 |
|
ratio ูู
ุง ุชููู ุฃูู ูุฃููุงุฑ ุจูุญูู ุฅุญูุง blood urea |
|
|
|
75 |
|
00:06:12,710 --> 00:06:15,830 |
|
ูุงุชุฌ ููุฑูุงุชูููู ู
ุง ุจูุญููุด ููุฑูุง ููุฑูุงุชูููู ูุจูู |
|
|
|
76 |
|
00:06:15,830 --> 00:06:19,530 |
|
ุจูุทูุน ุนูู ูุฐุง ุงูุนู
ูุฏ ูู ุงู ratio ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุนูุฏูุง ุงู |
|
|
|
77 |
|
00:06:19,530 --> 00:06:24,390 |
|
ratio ุฃูู ู
ู ุนุดุฑุฉ ููุงุญุฏ ู
ุนูุงุชู indication ุฃู |
|
|
|
78 |
|
00:06:24,390 --> 00:06:31,390 |
|
ุงุญุชู
ุงู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ููู ูู ุงูููู ุทุจุนุง ูุนูุฏูุง ูุฌููููุฒ |
|
|
|
79 |
|
00:06:31,390 --> 00:06:37,930 |
|
86 ุทุจูุนู ูุฃู ุงู reference interval ูุฌููููุฒ ู
ู 70 |
|
|
|
80 |
|
00:06:37,930 --> 00:06:43,090 |
|
ู 110 ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุทุจุนุง ูุนูู fasting ุงูุฌููููุฒ ูุจูู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
81 |
|
00:06:43,090 --> 00:06:46,230 |
|
ุงูุฌููููุฒ ุทุจูุนู ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ููู ูู ุนูุฏูุง ู
ุดููุฉ ูู |
|
|
|
82 |
|
00:06:46,230 --> 00:06:50,050 |
|
ุงููุญูุตุงุช ุงูู
ุชุนููุฉ ุจูุธููุฉ ุงูููู ูุจูู ุนูุฏูุง ูู |
|
|
|
83 |
|
00:06:50,050 --> 00:06:53,110 |
|
ุงู analytes ุงููู ุนูุงูุฉ ุจูุธููุฉ ุงูููู ูููุง |
|
|
|
84 |
|
00:06:53,110 --> 00:06:56,680 |
|
ู
ุฑุชูุนุฉ ุงูููุฑูุง ูุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ูุฒู ู
ุง ููุดูู ูู
ุงู ุดููุฉ |
|
|
|
85 |
|
00:06:56,680 --> 00:07:00,380 |
|
ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ุจุฑุถู ุทุจุนุง ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ูููู ุถู
ู ุงููุญูุตุงุช |
|
|
|
86 |
|
00:07:00,380 --> 00:07:05,700 |
|
ููุธููุฉ ุงูููู ูุจูู ุงูุซูุงุซุฉ ุฅููู
ู
ุฑุชูุนูู |
|
|
|
87 |
|
00:07:05,700 --> 00:07:09,660 |
|
ููู
ุง ุทูุนุช ู
ู ุงูู
ุณุชุดูู ูุฅุญูุง ุทูุนูุง ุจุนุฏ ุฃุฑุจุน ุฃูุงู
|
|
|
|
88 |
|
00:07:09,660 --> 00:07:13,240 |
|
ุฃู
ุฑ ููุง ูุญูุตุงุช ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ูุณู ู
ุฑุชูุน ูุฃู ุฅุญูุง ูููุง |
|
|
|
89 |
|
00:07:13,240 --> 00:07:16,500 |
|
ุฃูู ูู ุนูุฏูุง chronic renal failure ูู
ู ุงููุญูุตุงุช |
|
|
|
90 |
|
00:07:16,500 --> 00:07:21,260 |
|
ูู
ู ุงู ratio ูุฐุง ุจูุคูุฏ ุนูุฏูุง ุงูุฌููููุฒ ุจุฑุถู |
|
|
|
91 |
|
00:07:21,260 --> 00:07:27,710 |
|
ุทุจูุนู ุงูุฌููููุฒ ุจุฑุถู ูุงู ุทุจูุนู ุจุนุฏ ุฎู
ุณ ุดููุฑ ุฌูุช |
|
|
|
92 |
|
00:07:27,710 --> 00:07:32,390 |
|
ุฏุฎูุช ุงูู
ุณุชุดูู ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ููุงูุช ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ุงูุขู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
93 |
|
00:07:32,390 --> 00:07:37,530 |
|
bouts of dyspnea ูุนูู ุนูุฏูุง ููุจุงุช ู
ู ุถูู ุงูููุณ |
|
|
|
94 |
|
00:07:37,530 --> 00:07:42,550 |
|
she was placed on a special diet ุจูุญุทููุง ุนูู ูุธุงู
|
|
|
|
95 |
|
00:07:42,550 --> 00:07:47,780 |
|
ุบุฐุงุก ู
ุนูู ููุนุทููุง ุฃุฏููุฉ ููู ุจุฑุถู ุนูุงุฌ ุงู |
|
|
|
96 |
|
00:07:47,780 --> 00:07:52,860 |
|
hypertension ูุทูุนุช ุจุนุฏ ููู ู
ู ุงูู
ุณุชุดูู ุงู medical |
|
|
|
97 |
|
00:07:52,860 --> 00:07:55,540 |
|
staff believed that she had not been taking her |
|
|
|
98 |
|
00:07:55,540 --> 00:08:00,820 |
|
medication as prescribed ู
ู ุงูู
ุดุงูู ุงููู ุจุชุนุงูููุง |
|
|
|
99 |
|
00:08:00,820 --> 00:08:04,080 |
|
ู ุงูุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงูู
ุณุชู
ุฑ ูู ุถุบุท ุงูุฏู
ุดููุง ุฃูู ูุนููุง |
|
|
|
100 |
|
00:08:04,080 --> 00:08:08,240 |
|
ุจุชุงุฎุฏุด ุงูุนูุงุฌ ุจุงูุชุธุงู
ู she was counseled |
|
|
|
101 |
|
00:08:08,240 --> 00:08:11,440 |
|
regarding the importance of regular doses ูุจูู ุฒู |
|
|
|
102 |
|
00:08:11,440 --> 00:08:15,690 |
|
ููุนุฏูุง ู
ุนูุง ู ุดุฑุญูุง ููุง ุฅูุด ุฃูู
ูุฉ ุฃุฎุฐ ุงูุนูุงุฌ |
|
|
|
103 |
|
00:08:15,690 --> 00:08:20,130 |
|
ุจุงูุชุธุงู
ุงูู
ุฑุฉ ุงูุซุงููุฉ ูู
ุง ุฏุฎูุช ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
104 |
|
00:08:20,130 --> 00:08:27,630 |
|
ุจุฑุถู ู
ุฑุชูุน ูุฌููููุฒ 100 ู113 ูุนูู ู
ุด ู
ุถุญููู ูุงู ุฅุฐุง |
|
|
|
105 |
|
00:08:27,630 --> 00:08:31,330 |
|
ูุงู fasting ุฃู ูุฃ ูุนูู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ู
ุด fasting ูููู |
|
|
|
106 |
|
00:08:31,330 --> 00:08:33,850 |
|
ุดููุฉ ู
ุฑุชูุน ุฅุญูุง ููููุง ุงู reference interval ูุบุงูุฉ |
|
|
|
107 |
|
00:08:33,850 --> 00:08:40,030 |
|
110 ููู
ุง ุทูุนุช ุนู
ููููุง ูุญูุตุงุช ู
ุฑุฉ ุซุงููุฉ ุงูููุฑูุง ุทุจุนุง |
|
|
|
108 |
|
00:08:40,030 --> 00:08:44,780 |
|
ู
ุฑุชูุนุฉ ูุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ู
ุฑุชูุน ูุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ู
ุฑุชูุน ููุงู |
|
|
|
109 |
|
00:08:44,780 --> 00:08:50,160 |
|
ุงูู urea ููุชุฑูุฌูู ููุง ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ูุนูู ุชูุฑูุจุง ุนุดุฑุฉ |
|
|
|
110 |
|
00:08:50,160 --> 00:08:56,280 |
|
ุทูุจ ุงูุขู ุงูุฃุณุฆูุฉ ุงููู ุนูู ูุฐู ุงู case study what |
|
|
|
111 |
|
00:08:56,280 --> 00:08:58,800 |
|
is the most probable cause of the patient's |
|
|
|
112 |
|
00:08:58,800 --> 00:09:04,890 |
|
elevated urea nitrogen ู which data support your |
|
|
|
113 |
|
00:09:04,890 --> 00:09:09,330 |
|
conclusion ุทุจุนุง ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงูุชุญุงููู ูุงูุชุญุงููู ุชู
|
|
|
|
114 |
|
00:09:09,330 --> 00:09:13,290 |
|
ุชูุงูู ุงูู
ุฑูุถุฉ ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู ู
ุฑุฉ ูุฅูุจูู ุฃูู ูู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
115 |
|
00:09:13,290 --> 00:09:17,490 |
|
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ูู ุงู analytes ุงููู ุงููู ุนูุงูุฉ ุจุงู |
|
|
|
116 |
|
00:09:17,490 --> 00:09:21,970 |
|
ููู ูุจูู ูุฐุง ุจูุคูุฏ ุฃู ุงูู
ุฑูุถุฉ ูู ุนูุฏูุง a |
|
|
|
117 |
|
00:09:21,970 --> 00:09:23,670 |
|
chronic renal failure |
|
|
|
118 |
|
00:09:26,170 --> 00:09:30,690 |
|
ูุทุจุนุง ุงูุชุญุงููู ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ุจุชุฃูุฏ ุจุงูุฅุถุงูุฉ ูู ratio |
|
|
|
119 |
|
00:09:30,690 --> 00:09:34,110 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุงู blood urea nitrogen ู creatinine ratio |
|
|
|
120 |
|
00:09:34,110 --> 00:09:39,350 |
|
ุจุฑุถู ูุฐู ุจุชุฃูุฏ ุฃู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงูููู ุทุจุนุง ุงู |
|
|
|
121 |
|
00:09:39,350 --> 00:09:42,490 |
|
congestive heart failure ุจุฑุถู ู
ู
ูู ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง |
|
|
|
122 |
|
00:09:42,490 --> 00:09:47,490 |
|
ู
ู
ูู ูุฑูุน ู
ู ุงููุธุงุฆู ุฃู ุงู analyze ุงููู ุนูุงูุฉ ุจุงู |
|
|
|
123 |
|
00:09:47,490 --> 00:09:53,770 |
|
kidney function ููู ุทุจุนุง ู
ุน ุงูุนูุงุฌ ุงููู ุฃุฎุฐุชู ู
ุน |
|
|
|
124 |
|
00:09:53,770 --> 00:09:57,730 |
|
ุงูุณูุงุฆู ุงููู ุชู
ุฅุนุทุงุฆูุง ุฅูุงูุง ุงูู
ูุฑูุถ ุฃูู ุงูุฃุฏุงุก |
|
|
|
125 |
|
00:09:57,730 --> 00:10:03,370 |
|
ูุนูู ููููุจ ูุชุญุณู ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูู ูุงูุช ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ู
ู ุงูููุจ |
|
|
|
126 |
|
00:10:03,370 --> 00:10:07,090 |
|
ู
ุน ุงูุฃุฏููุฉ ูุงูุนูุงุฌ ุงูู
ูุฑูุถ ุฅูู ุงู analyze ูุฐู ุฃู |
|
|
|
127 |
|
00:10:07,090 --> 00:10:11,210 |
|
ูุณุจ ุงู analyze ุงูุฎูุถุช ููู ุญุชู ู
ุน ุงูุนูุงุฌุงุช ุงููู ุชู
|
|
|
|
128 |
|
00:10:11,210 --> 00:10:16,250 |
|
ุฅุนุทุงุฆูุง ุฅูุง ุฅูู ุฏูุช ุนูุฏูุง ูุฐู ุงู analytes ูููุง |
|
|
|
129 |
|
00:10:16,250 --> 00:10:20,720 |
|
ู
ุฑุชูุนุฉ ุทูุจ ุงูุณุคุงู ุงูุซุงูู note that this patient's |
|
|
|
130 |
|
00:10:20,720 --> 00:10:24,820 |
|
admitting diagnosis is possible diabetes ุฅูู |
|
|
|
131 |
|
00:10:24,820 --> 00:10:28,900 |
|
ุงุญุชู
ุงู ููู diabetes if the patient had truly been |
|
|
|
132 |
|
00:10:28,900 --> 00:10:32,820 |
|
a diabetic with an elevated blood glucose and a |
|
|
|
133 |
|
00:10:32,820 --> 00:10:35,920 |
|
positive acetone what effect would this have had |
|
|
|
134 |
|
00:10:35,920 --> 00:10:41,920 |
|
on the measured values of creatinine ูุจูู ููููุง ุฅูู |
|
|
|
135 |
|
00:10:41,920 --> 00:10:45,820 |
|
ุงุญุชู
ุงู ุฃูู ุนูุฏูุง ุณูุฑ ููู ุทุจุนุง ู
ู ุงูุชุญุงููู ุชุจูู ุฅูู |
|
|
|
136 |
|
00:10:45,820 --> 00:10:52,800 |
|
ู
ุง ุนูุฏูุงุด ููู ูู ูุฑุถุง ูุนูุง ุงู patient ูุงู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
137 |
|
00:10:52,800 --> 00:10:59,560 |
|
diabetes ููุงู ุนูุฏูุง ู
ุณุชูู ุงูุณูุฑ ู
ุฑุชูุน ูู ูุฐุง ูุงู |
|
|
|
138 |
|
00:10:59,560 --> 00:11:05,260 |
|
ููุฃุซุฑ ูุนููุง ุนูู ุงููุฑูุงุชููููุ ุทุจุนุง ูู
ุง ุญูููุง ุนูู |
|
|
|
139 |
|
00:11:05,260 --> 00:11:08,960 |
|
ุงู ูุฑูุงุชูููู ููููุง ุงูุชุญุงููู ุงููู ุจูุดุชุบููุง |
|
|
|
140 |
|
00:11:08,960 --> 00:11:12,840 |
|
ููุฑูุงุชูููู ููููุง ุฅูู ูู .. ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุงุณุชุฎุฏู
ูุง ุงู |
|
|
|
141 |
|
00:11:12,840 --> 00:11:16,860 |
|
ูู Jaffe method ุฃู ุจุนุถ ุงูู analyze ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ุชุนู
ูู |
|
|
|
142 |
|
00:11:16,860 --> 00:11:21,400 |
|
interference ู
ุน ุงูููุงุณ ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ุทุจุนูุง ู
ู ุงูุดุบูุงุช |
|
|
|
143 |
|
00:11:21,400 --> 00:11:23,680 |
|
ุงููู ุญุงูููุงูุง ูููุง ุงูู glucose ู
ุซููุง ูุงู ุงูู glucose |
|
|
|
144 |
|
00:11:23,680 --> 00:11:28,940 |
|
ู
ุฑุชูุน falsely ุจูุนูู ุงูู creatinine concentration |
|
|
|
145 |
|
00:11:28,940 --> 00:11:33,940 |
|
ูุจูู ูู ูุนูููุง ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑูุถุฉ ูุงู ุนูุฏูุง ุณูุฑู ููุงู |
|
|
|
146 |
|
00:11:33,940 --> 00:11:38,340 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ู
ุณุชูู ุงูู glucose ู
ุฑุชูุน ูุจูู ูุฐุง ุฃููุฏ ูุงู |
|
|
|
147 |
|
00:11:38,340 --> 00:11:42,820 |
|
ููุนูู ุงููู ูู ุงูู concentration ูููุฑูุงุชูููู ูุนูู |
|
|
|
148 |
|
00:11:42,820 --> 00:11:47,330 |
|
ู
ู
ูู ูููู ูู ุจุนุถ ุงูุญุงูุงุชุ ูุนูู ุจูููู ู
ูุชุจููู ุฅู ุฅุฐุง |
|
|
|
149 |
|
00:11:47,330 --> 00:11:51,830 |
|
ููุง ุงุญูุง ุจูุณุชุฎุฏู
ูู ุงูู Jaffe method ููุฌููุง ุฅูู |
|
|
|
150 |
|
00:11:51,830 --> 00:11:56,610 |
|
ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ููู ููุณ ุงูููุช ูู |
|
|
|
151 |
|
00:11:56,610 --> 00:12:00,530 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ู
ุณุชูู ุงูุณูุฑุ ูุจูู ู
ู
ูู ูููู ุงุฑุชูุงุน |
|
|
|
152 |
|
00:12:00,530 --> 00:12:04,290 |
|
ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ุจุณุจุจ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงูุณูุฑุ ูุฃูู ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง |
|
|
|
153 |
|
00:12:04,290 --> 00:12:08,290 |
|
ุจูุนู
ู ุงูู glucose ุจูุนู
ู interference ู
ุน ุงูู Jaffe |
|
|
|
154 |
|
00:12:08,290 --> 00:12:12,630 |
|
reaction ูุจูุนู
ู ุงูู false elevation ูููุฑูุงุชูููู |
|
|
|
155 |
|
00:12:12,630 --> 00:12:16,150 |
|
ููู ูู ูุฐุง ุงููู ุงููู ุตุงุฑ high glucose ุงูู |
|
|
|
156 |
|
00:12:16,150 --> 00:12:21,420 |
|
ููุฃุซุฑ ุนูููุ ููุฃุซุฑ ุนูู ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ุทุจุนูุง ููู ู
ุด ููุฃุซุฑ |
|
|
|
157 |
|
00:12:21,420 --> 00:12:27,600 |
|
ุนูู ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ูุนูู ุงูููุฑูุง ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูู ูุนูููุง ุงูู |
|
|
|
158 |
|
00:12:27,600 --> 00:12:30,680 |
|
glucose ูุงู ู
ุฑุชูุน ูุณุจุจ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ูู |
|
|
|
159 |
|
00:12:30,680 --> 00:12:34,720 |
|
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงูู glucose ูุงู ูุฌููุง ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงููุญูุตุงุช ุฃู |
|
|
|
160 |
|
00:12:34,720 --> 00:12:38,700 |
|
ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ุงูู
ุฑุชูุน ูุงู ูุฌููุง ุงูููุฑูุง ุทุจูุนูุฉ ููุงู |
|
|
|
161 |
|
00:12:38,700 --> 00:12:43,160 |
|
ูุฌููุง ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ุทุจูุนู ููู ุทุจุนูุง ูู ุญุงูุชูุง ุงุญูุง ุงูู |
|
|
|
162 |
|
00:12:43,160 --> 00:12:52,790 |
|
3 analytes ูููุง ูุงูุช ุทุจุนูุง ู
ุฑุชูุนุฉ ุทูุจ |
|
|
|
163 |
|
00:12:52,790 --> 00:12:57,250 |
|
ุฃููุง ุฃูุถูุง ู
ุฑูุจ ุขุฎุฑ ู
ู ุงูู non-protein nitrogen |
|
|
|
164 |
|
00:12:57,250 --> 00:13:04,020 |
|
compounds ููู ุงูู uric acid ูุงูู Uric Acid ูู ูุงุชุฌ |
|
|
|
165 |
|
00:13:04,020 --> 00:13:10,760 |
|
ุนู ุงูู break down ููู DNA ููู ูุนูููุง ูุงุชุฌ ุนู ุงูู |
|
|
|
166 |
|
00:13:10,760 --> 00:13:15,560 |
|
break down ููู Purine ูู ุงูู DNA ุงููู ูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
167 |
|
00:13:15,560 --> 00:13:22,440 |
|
adenosine ูุงูู guanine ูุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู break down ูุฐู ู |
|
|
|
168 |
|
00:13:22,440 --> 00:13:29,400 |
|
ุงูู synthesis ููู Uric Acid ุจุชุชู
ูู ุงูู liver ุงูุนุฏูุฏ |
|
|
|
169 |
|
00:13:29,400 --> 00:13:33,080 |
|
ู
ู ุงูุญููุงูุงุช ุงูุฃุฎุฑู ุชูุชูู ุฅูู ุงูุงูุชููู ูุจูู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
170 |
|
00:13:33,080 --> 00:13:38,560 |
|
ุงูุฅูุณุงู ุจูุนู
ู break down ููู purines ูุจููุชุฌ ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
171 |
|
00:13:38,560 --> 00:13:42,640 |
|
uric acid ููู ูู ุงูู mammals ุงูุฃุฎุฑูุ ุงูุซุฏููุงุช |
|
|
|
172 |
|
00:13:42,640 --> 00:13:47,400 |
|
ุงูุฃุฎุฑู ุนูุฏูุง ูู ุฎุทูุฉ ูู
ุงู ุจุนุฏ ุงููู ูู ุงูู uric acid |
|
|
|
173 |
|
00:13:47,400 --> 00:13:51,340 |
|
ุฃูู ุจูุชู
ุชุญููู ุงูู uric acid ููุงูุชููู ูุจูู ุจุนุฏ |
|
|
|
174 |
|
00:13:51,340 --> 00:13:55,760 |
|
ุชูููู ุงูู uric acid ุจููุชูู ูููู ููุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
175 |
|
00:13:55,760 --> 00:14:01,140 |
|
filtration ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูู glomerulus ููุนูููุง ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู |
|
|
|
176 |
|
00:14:01,140 --> 00:14:05,220 |
|
execution ููู uric acid ุจูุชู
ุทุจุนูุง ุจุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู ุทุฑููุฉ |
|
|
|
177 |
|
00:14:05,220 --> 00:14:10,260 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง 70% ู
ู ุงูู uric acid ุจูุตู ุงูู execution ุนู |
|
|
|
178 |
|
00:14:10,260 --> 00:14:13,360 |
|
ุทุฑูู ุงูููู ูุจูู ุจูุตูุฑ ุนูุฏูุง ุงููู ูู ูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
179 |
|
00:14:13,360 --> 00:14:18,840 |
|
filtration ุจุนุฏูู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง reabsorption ููู |
|
|
|
180 |
|
00:14:18,840 --> 00:14:24,480 |
|
uric acid ุงููู ูู 98% reabsorbed in proximal |
|
|
|
181 |
|
00:14:24,480 --> 00:14:30,600 |
|
convoluted tubule ุงููู ูู ุฌุฒุก ู
ู ุงูููุฑูู ูุนูุฏูุง some |
|
|
|
182 |
|
00:14:30,600 --> 00:14:35,680 |
|
secreted by distal convoluted tubule ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
183 |
|
00:14:35,680 --> 00:14:40,160 |
|
ุงูู net amount ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู execution ุณุชุฉ ุฅูู |
|
|
|
184 |
|
00:14:40,160 --> 00:14:44,000 |
|
ุงุซูุง ุนุดุฑ ุจุงูู
ุฆุฉ ู
ู ุงูู filtered amount ูุจูู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู |
|
|
|
185 |
|
00:14:44,000 --> 00:14:49,300 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง filtration ุจุนุฏูู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง reabsorption ู |
|
|
|
186 |
|
00:14:49,300 --> 00:14:57,410 |
|
ุจูุตูุฑ secretion ุชู
ุงู
ุ ูุงูู
ุญุตูุฉ 6 ุฅูู 12% ู
ู ุงูู |
|
|
|
187 |
|
00:14:57,410 --> 00:15:02,210 |
|
filtered uric acid ุจูุตูุฑ ูู execution ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูู urine |
|
|
|
188 |
|
00:15:02,210 --> 00:15:08,990 |
|
ููุฐู ุงููุณุจุฉ ุงููู ูู ุงูู 6 ุฅูู 12% ุจุชู
ุซู 70% ู
ู ุงูู |
|
|
|
189 |
|
00:15:08,990 --> 00:15:12,530 |
|
uric acid ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู execution ุจุฑุฉ ุงูุฌุณู
ุจุงูุทุฑู |
|
|
|
190 |
|
00:15:12,530 --> 00:15:13,350 |
|
ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ |
|
|
|
191 |
|
00:15:15,750 --> 00:15:19,790 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ุงููู
ูุฉ ุงูู
ุชุจููุฉ ุงููู ูู ุชูุฑูุจูุง ุซูุงุซูู ุจุงูู
ุฆุฉ |
|
|
|
192 |
|
00:15:19,790 --> 00:15:23,130 |
|
ุจูุตูุฑ execution ููู Uric Acid ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูู gesto |
|
|
|
193 |
|
00:15:23,130 --> 00:15:28,310 |
|
-intestinal tract ุงูู |
|
|
|
194 |
|
00:15:28,310 --> 00:15:33,470 |
|
Uric Acid ู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ุงูุจูุงุฒู
ุง ุนูู ุดูู mono-sodium |
|
|
|
195 |
|
00:15:33,470 --> 00:15:37,490 |
|
-urate ูุฃูุถูุง |
|
|
|
196 |
|
00:15:37,490 --> 00:15:44,630 |
|
ุงูุจูุงุฒู
ุง BH relatively insoluble ุชู
ุงู
ุ ูุจูู ุฐูุจุงู |
|
|
|
197 |
|
00:15:44,630 --> 00:15:50,250 |
|
ูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ุนูู ุงูู pH ุงูุทุจูุนู ููุจูุงุฒู
ุง ูุนุชุจุฑ |
|
|
|
198 |
|
00:15:50,250 --> 00:15:58,130 |
|
ูุนูู relatively insoluble ุฅุฐุง |
|
|
|
199 |
|
00:15:58,130 --> 00:16:03,270 |
|
ูุงู ุงูู concentration ููููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ุฒุงุฏุช ุนู 6.8 |
|
|
|
200 |
|
00:16:03,270 --> 00:16:09,590 |
|
ู
ููู ุฌุฑุงู
ููู ุฏูุณููุชุฑ ููู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู saturation |
|
|
|
201 |
|
00:16:09,590 --> 00:16:11,710 |
|
ููุจูุงุฒู
ุง |
|
|
|
202 |
|
00:16:12,660 --> 00:16:17,280 |
|
ูุฌู ุจูุงุฒู
ุง ูุชุตูุฑ saturated ุจุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ุทูุจ ุฅูุด |
|
|
|
203 |
|
00:16:17,280 --> 00:16:21,520 |
|
ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุตุงุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู saturation ููุจูุงุฒู
ุง ุจูุจุฏุฃ |
|
|
|
204 |
|
00:16:21,520 --> 00:16:26,860 |
|
ูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู precipitation ููููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
205 |
|
00:16:26,860 --> 00:16:33,860 |
|
tissues ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ููู ุงูู joints ูู ุงูู
ูุงุตู ูุงูู |
|
|
|
206 |
|
00:16:33,860 --> 00:16:39,520 |
|
precipitation ููููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ุจูุนู
ู ุนูู ุชูููู ุงูู |
|
|
|
207 |
|
00:16:39,520 --> 00:16:43,150 |
|
crystals ูุจูู ุจูุตูุฑ precipitation ูุจูุตูุฑ ุฃููู ุจุชููู |
|
|
|
208 |
|
00:16:43,150 --> 00:16:49,470 |
|
ุงูู value rate ููู crystals ููุฐุง ุทุจุนูุง ุจูุณุจุจ ู
ุดุงูู |
|
|
|
209 |
|
00:16:49,470 --> 00:16:53,210 |
|
ุนุฏูุฏุฉ ุฒู ู
ุง ููุดูู ูู ุงูู slide ุงููุงุฏู
ุฉ ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ |
|
|
|
210 |
|
00:16:53,210 --> 00:16:56,530 |
|
is measured to ููุด ู
ูููุณ ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ูุฅูุด ูุงุฆุฏุฉ |
|
|
|
211 |
|
00:16:56,530 --> 00:16:59,710 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุนู
ู ูุญุต ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ to assess inherited |
|
|
|
212 |
|
00:16:59,710 --> 00:17:03,250 |
|
disorders of purine metabolism ูุชุจูู ุจุนุถ ุงูู
ุดุงูู |
|
|
|
213 |
|
00:17:03,250 --> 00:17:06,210 |
|
ุงููุฑุงุซูุฉ ุงููู ูู ุนูุงูุฉ ุจู purine metabolism ุฃูุถูุง |
|
|
|
214 |
|
00:17:06,210 --> 00:17:08,990 |
|
to confirm diagnosis and monitor treatment of gout |
|
|
|
215 |
|
00:17:08,990 --> 00:17:12,710 |
|
ููู ุงูุฌูุช ุงููู ูู ููุดูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ุฃูุถูุง |
|
|
|
216 |
|
00:17:12,710 --> 00:17:16,960 |
|
to assess in the diagnosis of renal calculi ุฅุฐุง |
|
|
|
217 |
|
00:17:16,960 --> 00:17:22,000 |
|
ุงูุดุฎุต ูููุง ุฅูู ูู ุนูุฏู ุญุตูุงุช ูู ุงูููู ูุจูู ุงูู
ูุฑูุถ |
|
|
|
218 |
|
00:17:22,000 --> 00:17:27,160 |
|
ุฃูู ููุญุต ูุฃูู ุงูุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงูู uric acid ู
ู
ูู ูุนู
ู |
|
|
|
219 |
|
00:17:27,160 --> 00:17:30,720 |
|
ุชุฑุณูุจ ููู uric acid ูู ุงูููู ูู
ู
ูู ูุคุฏู ุฅูู ุญุตูุงุช |
|
|
|
220 |
|
00:17:30,720 --> 00:17:34,540 |
|
ูู ุงูููู ุชู
ุงู
ูุจูู ุจุฑุถู ุถุฑูุฑู ูุฅู ุงููุงุณ ุงููู ุนูุฏูู
|
|
|
|
221 |
|
00:17:34,540 --> 00:17:38,380 |
|
ุญุตูุงุช ูู ุงูููู ุฃูุถูุง to prevent uric acid |
|
|
|
222 |
|
00:17:38,380 --> 00:17:42,840 |
|
nephropathy during chemotherapy treatment ุงููุงุณ |
|
|
|
223 |
|
00:17:42,840 --> 00:17:47,420 |
|
ุงููู ุจูุงุฎุฏูุง ุงูู .. ุงููู ูู ุงูุฃุฏููุฉ ุงูููู
ูุงุฆูุฉ |
|
|
|
224 |
|
00:17:47,420 --> 00:17:53,820 |
|
ุงูุนูุงุฌ ุงูููู
ูุงุฆู ูููุงุณ ุงููู ุนูุฏูู
ุงูุณุฑุทุงู ุงูุขู |
|
|
|
225 |
|
00:17:53,820 --> 00:17:58,280 |
|
ุงูุนูุงุฌ ูุฐุง ุทุจุนูุง ุจูุคุฏู ุฅูู ู
ูุช ุนุฏุฏ ูุจูุฑ ู
ู ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
226 |
|
00:17:58,280 --> 00:18:02,960 |
|
ุงูู cancer cells ูู
ุงุฒุงู ูู ุนูุฏู ู
ูุช ูุนุฏุฏ ุฎูุงูุง ูุจูุฑ |
|
|
|
227 |
|
00:18:02,960 --> 00:18:08,220 |
|
ูุจูู ู
ุนูุงู ูู ุนูุฏู ุจุฑุถู breakdown ููู
ูุงุช ูุจูุฑุฉ ู
ู |
|
|
|
228 |
|
00:18:08,220 --> 00:18:10,700 |
|
ุงูู purines ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุฐุง ููุคุฏู ุฅูู ุฅูุชุงุฌ ูู
ูุงุช |
|
|
|
229 |
|
00:18:10,700 --> 00:18:14,970 |
|
ูุจูุฑุฉ ู
ู ุงูู Uric Acid ุจุฌูุฉ ุฏูู ุจุฑุถู ุจุฏูู
ู
ุชุงุจุนุฉ ููู |
|
|
|
230 |
|
00:18:14,970 --> 00:18:19,010 |
|
Uric Acid ูุฃูู ุงูุงุฑุชูุงุน ุทุจุนูุง ุจุดูู ูุจูุฑ ู
ู
ูู |
|
|
|
231 |
|
00:18:19,010 --> 00:18:22,410 |
|
ูุคุฏู ุฅูู ููุฑูุจุงุซู ูุฃูู relatively insoluble ู |
|
|
|
232 |
|
00:18:22,410 --> 00:18:25,550 |
|
ุจูุจุฏุฃ ุจุนุฏ ุฒูุงุฏุฉ ุงูู concentration ุนู 6.8 ุจูุจุฏุฃ |
|
|
|
233 |
|
00:18:25,550 --> 00:18:29,170 |
|
ูุชุฑุณุจ ูู
ู ุงูู
ูุงุทู ุงููู ุจูุจุฏุฃ ูุชุฑุณุจ ูููุง ุฃูุถูุง ุงูู |
|
|
|
234 |
|
00:18:29,170 --> 00:18:34,650 |
|
kidney ู
ู
ูู ูุคุฏู ุฅูู ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงูู kidney ุงููู ููุฑู |
|
|
|
235 |
|
00:18:34,650 --> 00:18:38,230 |
|
ุจุงุซู ุฃูุถูุง to detect kidney dysfunction ูุฃููู ุทุจุนูุง |
|
|
|
236 |
|
00:18:38,230 --> 00:18:42,060 |
|
ุงูู Uric Acid ุถู
ู ุงูู
ูุงุฏ ุงููู ุจูุตููุง filtration ุนู |
|
|
|
237 |
|
00:18:42,060 --> 00:18:45,360 |
|
ุทุฑูู ุงูู glomerulus ูุฅุฐุง ูุงู ูู ุนูุฏู ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
238 |
|
00:18:45,360 --> 00:18:51,680 |
|
glomerulus ุชู
ุงู
ูุจูู ูู ุนูุฏู ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงูู .. ุทุจุนูุง |
|
|
|
239 |
|
00:18:51,680 --> 00:18:54,840 |
|
ุงูู .. ุงููู
ูุฉ ุงูู uric acid ุงููู ุจุชุญุตููุง ูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
240 |
|
00:18:54,840 --> 00:18:59,160 |
|
filtration ููุฐุง ููุคุฏู ุฅูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงูู uric acid ูู |
|
|
|
241 |
|
00:18:59,160 --> 00:18:59,640 |
|
ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
242 |
|
00:19:02,230 --> 00:19:05,230 |
|
ุงูู diseases and correlations ู
ู ุงูุฃู
ุฑุงุถ ุงููู |
|
|
|
243 |
|
00:19:05,230 --> 00:19:08,550 |
|
ู
ุชุนููุฉ ุจุงูู uric acid ูุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงูู uric acid ุงููู |
|
|
|
244 |
|
00:19:08,550 --> 00:19:12,870 |
|
ูู ู
ุฑุถ ุงูุฌูุช ุงููู ูู ุฏู ุงูู
ููู primarily in ู
ู |
|
|
|
245 |
|
00:19:12,870 --> 00:19:18,270 |
|
ูุจูู ุงูุฑุฌุงู ูุตุงุจูุง ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู ุงููุณุงุก ูุจูุจุฏุฃ ูุธูุฑ ุงูู
ุฑุถ |
|
|
|
246 |
|
00:19:18,270 --> 00:19:22,330 |
|
ุจุนุฏ ุณู ุงูุซูุงุซูู ูุงูู uric acid ุจูููู greater than |
|
|
|
247 |
|
00:19:22,330 --> 00:19:25,250 |
|
six milligram per deciliter ูุจูู ู
ุณุชูู ุงูู uric |
|
|
|
248 |
|
00:19:25,250 --> 00:19:29,110 |
|
acid ุจูููู ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู ุณุชุฉ ูุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุตุงุฑ ูููุง ุงุฑุชูุงุน |
|
|
|
249 |
|
00:19:29,110 --> 00:19:32,410 |
|
ูุฐุง ููุคุฏู ุทุจุนูุง ุฅูู precipitation ูู ุงูู tissues ู |
|
|
|
250 |
|
00:19:32,410 --> 00:19:36,490 |
|
precipitation ูู ุงูู joints ุงูู
ูุงุตู ูุงูู
ูุงุตู ุทุจุนูุง |
|
|
|
251 |
|
00:19:36,490 --> 00:19:41,270 |
|
ูุฐู ุงููู ูู ุงูุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงูู
ุชุญุฑูุฉ ููุชูุฌุฉ ุชููู ุงูู |
|
|
|
252 |
|
00:19:41,270 --> 00:19:44,850 |
|
precipitation ููู uric acid ูุชููู ุงูู crystals |
|
|
|
253 |
|
00:19:45,650 --> 00:19:49,210 |
|
ุทุจุนูุง ูุฐุง ููุคุฏู ุฅูู ู
ุน ุงูุญุฑูุฉ ุทุจุนูุง ููุฌูููุช ููุคุฏู ุฅูู |
|
|
|
254 |
|
00:19:49,210 --> 00:19:54,950 |
|
inflammation ูููุคุฏู ุฅูู ุฃูู
ุทุจุนูุง ุดุฏูุฏ ูู ุงูู
ูุงุตู |
|
|
|
255 |
|
00:19:54,950 --> 00:20:00,650 |
|
ูู
ู ุงูุนูุงู
ุงุช ุงูู
ู
ูุฒุฉ ููุฌูุช ูู ุงูุฃูู
ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
256 |
|
00:20:00,650 --> 00:20:04,170 |
|
ูู ุฅุตุจุน ุงููุฏู
ุงููุจูุฑ ุทุจุนูุง ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุฃููู ูู ุงุฑุชูุน |
|
|
|
257 |
|
00:20:04,170 --> 00:20:06,750 |
|
ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู ุงููู ูู precipitation ูููุฑูุณุชุงู ูู
ุน |
|
|
|
258 |
|
00:20:06,750 --> 00:20:11,410 |
|
ุงูุญุฑูุฉ ุจูุจุฏุฃ ูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู inflammation ุงูุชูุงุจ ู |
|
|
|
259 |
|
00:20:11,410 --> 00:20:16,970 |
|
ุงุญู
ุฑุงุฑ ูุจูุตูุฑ ููู ุฃูู
ุดุฏูุฏ ูู ุฅุตุจุน ุงููุฏู
ุงููุจูุฑ |
|
|
|
260 |
|
00:20:16,970 --> 00:20:20,650 |
|
ูุนูู ูุฐู ู
ู ุงูุนูุงู
ุฉ ุงูู
ู
ูุฒุฉ ููู ู
ุด ู
ุนูุงู ุฃููู ู
ู
ูู |
|
|
|
261 |
|
00:20:20,650 --> 00:20:24,710 |
|
ูุตูุฑ ุนูุฏูุง ุงูุงูุชูุงุจ ุจุณ ูู ุงููู ูู ุฅุตุจุน ุงููุฏู
ูุฃ |
|
|
|
262 |
|
00:20:24,710 --> 00:20:28,730 |
|
ู
ู
ูู ูุตูุฑ ุฃูุถูุง ูู ุงูู
ูุงุตู ุงูุฃุฎุฑู ุทุจุนูุง ุงูู |
|
|
|
263 |
|
00:20:28,730 --> 00:20:32,510 |
|
precipitation ุจุฑุถู ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ูู ุงูู tissues ูููุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
264 |
|
00:20:32,510 --> 00:20:35,730 |
|
ุจุฑุถู precipitation ูู ุงูู kidney ูู
ู
ูู ูุคุฏู ุฅูู |
|
|
|
265 |
|
00:20:35,730 --> 00:20:39,070 |
|
renal calculi ุญุตูุงุช ูู ุงููู ูู ุงูููู ุงูู |
|
|
|
266 |
|
00:20:39,070 --> 00:20:42,250 |
|
hyperuricemia due to overproduction of uric acid |
|
|
|
267 |
|
00:20:42,250 --> 00:20:46,770 |
|
in 25% to 30% ูุนูู ุนูุฏูุง ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู ุณุจุจ ู
ู
ูู ูููู |
|
|
|
268 |
|
00:20:46,770 --> 00:20:50,970 |
|
ูุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงูู uric acid ูุนูู ู
ู
ูู ูููู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
269 |
|
00:20:50,970 --> 00:20:54,990 |
|
increase production ุฃู ู
ู
ูู ูููู ุนูุฏูุง decrease |
|
|
|
270 |
|
00:20:54,990 --> 00:21:00,540 |
|
execution ูุนูุฏูุง 25 ุฅูู 30% ู
ู ุงูุญุงูุงุช ุจูููู ุจุณุจุจ |
|
|
|
271 |
|
00:21:00,540 --> 00:21:05,680 |
|
ุงูุฒูุงุฏุฉ ูู ุฅูุชุงุฌ ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ูุนูู ุบูุฑ ุงููู ุจูุชู
|
|
|
|
272 |
|
00:21:05,680 --> 00:21:11,340 |
|
ุฅูุชุงุฌู ุฃูุถูุง ุงูุฃุทุนู
ุฉ ุจุฑุถู ุฃููุฏ ุฅููุง ุฏูุฑ ูู ุทุจุนูุง |
|
|
|
273 |
|
00:21:11,340 --> 00:21:16,000 |
|
ุงูุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ูุนูู ุนูุฏูุง ูุญูู
ู
ุซููุง ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงูู |
|
|
|
274 |
|
00:21:16,000 --> 00:21:20,180 |
|
organs ููุญููุงูุงุช ุจุนุถ ุงููู ูู ุงูุฃุณู
ุงู ุจุฑุถู ุฒู |
|
|
|
275 |
|
00:21:20,180 --> 00:21:23,420 |
|
ุงูุณุฑุฏูู ูุฐุง ุจุชุญุชูู ุนูู ูุณุจุฉ ุงูู purines ุนุงููุฉ |
|
|
|
276 |
|
00:21:23,420 --> 00:21:25,600 |
|
ูุนูู ุฏู ุงูุฃุทุนู
ุฉ ุงููู ุจุชุญุชูู ุนูู ูุณุจุฉ ุงูู purines |
|
|
|
277 |
|
00:21:25,600 --> 00:21:31,580 |
|
ุนุงููุฉ ูุฐู ูููุง ุฃููุฏ ูุชุฒูุฏ ุจุฑุถู ู
ู ู
ุณุชูู ุงูููุฑูู |
|
|
|
278 |
|
00:21:31,580 --> 00:21:37,720 |
|
ุฃุณูุฏ ุจุงูุฅุถุงูุฉ ูุจุนุถ ุจุฑุถู ุงูุญุจูุจ ูุจุนุถ ุงูุฎุถุฑูุงุช ุชู
ุงู
|
|
|
|
279 |
|
00:21:37,720 --> 00:21:40,680 |
|
ูุนูู ูุณุจุฉ ุทุจุนูุง ุงูู purines ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูู ุงูุฃุทุนู
ุฉ |
|
|
|
280 |
|
00:21:40,680 --> 00:21:45,440 |
|
ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูุงููู ุนูุฏู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ูุฐู ุงูู
ูุฑูุถ ูุชุฌูุจ |
|
|
|
281 |
|
00:21:45,440 --> 00:21:50,520 |
|
ุงูุฃุทุนู
ุฉ ุงููู ูููุง Purines ุจูุณุจุฉ ุนุงููุฉ Increased |
|
|
|
282 |
|
00:21:50,520 --> 00:21:53,820 |
|
catabolism ุชู
ุงู
ุ ูุฐุง ุจุฑุถู ู
ู
ูู ูุคุฏู ุฅูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู |
|
|
|
283 |
|
00:21:53,820 --> 00:21:57,600 |
|
ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ุงููู ูู ุงู .. ุงู catabolism occurs in |
|
|
|
284 |
|
00:21:57,600 --> 00:22:00,180 |
|
patients on chemotherapy for diseases such as |
|
|
|
285 |
|
00:22:00,180 --> 00:22:03,900 |
|
leukemia and multiple myeloma ุงููุงุณ ุงููู ุจููุนุทููุง |
|
|
|
286 |
|
00:22:03,900 --> 00:22:07,060 |
|
ุงููู ูู chemotherapyุ ุงูุนูุงุฌ ุงูููู
ูุงุฆู ุฒู ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
287 |
|
00:22:07,060 --> 00:22:10,790 |
|
ุงู leukemia ุฃู ุงู multiple myeloma ูุฏูู ุจุฑุถู ุจูุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
288 |
|
00:22:10,790 --> 00:22:13,710 |
|
ูููู
ุฒูุงุฏุฉ ูู ุงู catabolism break down ุงูุฎูุงูุง |
|
|
|
289 |
|
00:22:13,710 --> 00:22:17,630 |
|
ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุจูุฒูุฏ ุนูุง ุฅูุชุงุฌ ุงู uric acid ุทุจุนุง ุงูุนูุงุฌ |
|
|
|
290 |
|
00:22:17,630 --> 00:22:22,970 |
|
ุงููู ูุงูู allopurinol inhibits xanthine oxidase, an |
|
|
|
291 |
|
00:22:22,970 --> 00:22:25,090 |
|
enzyme in the uric acid synthesis pathway |
|
|
|
292 |
|
00:22:50,960 --> 00:22:54,640 |
|
ุฃุฎุฑู ุงููู ุจูุนู
ููุง ุงูู allopurinol ุฅูู ุจูุนู
ู |
|
|
|
293 |
|
00:22:54,640 --> 00:22:59,280 |
|
inhibition ููุฐุง ุงูุงูุฒูู
ุจูุนู
ู inhibition ูุงูุฒูู
|
|
|
|
294 |
|
00:22:59,280 --> 00:23:04,140 |
|
xanthine oxidase ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุจุชูููุด ุนูุฏูุง ุงูููุฑูู |
|
|
|
295 |
|
00:23:04,140 --> 00:23:08,700 |
|
ุฃุณูุฏ ู ุงู products ุงููู ุจุชุชููู ูุฐู more soluble |
|
|
|
296 |
|
00:23:08,700 --> 00:23:13,700 |
|
ุชุจูู ุงู more soluble ุฅุฐุง ู
ุง ููุฑูุช ุจูู ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ |
|
|
|
297 |
|
00:23:13,700 --> 00:23:18,480 |
|
ูุจุงูุชุงูู ู
ู
ูู ูุตููุง excretion ุฃูุถู ู
ู ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ |
|
|
|
298 |
|
00:23:18,480 --> 00:23:21,100 |
|
ุงู chronic renal disease ุฃูุถุง causes elevated |
|
|
|
299 |
|
00:23:21,100 --> 00:23:24,860 |
|
levels of uric acid ูุทุจุนุง ุงูุณุจุจ ููุง ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
300 |
|
00:23:24,860 --> 00:23:27,700 |
|
filtration ุฅูู ุนูุฏูุง ู
ุดููุฉ ุจุงู glomerular |
|
|
|
301 |
|
00:23:27,700 --> 00:23:31,760 |
|
filtration rate ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูู ุงููู ูู ุงู filtration |
|
|
|
302 |
|
00:23:31,760 --> 00:23:37,770 |
|
ููุฏูู
ูุฐุง ุฒุงุฏ ู
ู ุงูู
ุฑุงูุจุงุช ุงููู ุจุงุณู
ูุง excretion ู |
|
|
|
303 |
|
00:23:37,770 --> 00:23:42,670 |
|
ุงููู ู
ู ุถู
ููุง ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ hyperuricemia ูุฐุง ู
ู
ูู |
|
|
|
304 |
|
00:23:42,670 --> 00:23:47,890 |
|
ูููู secondary to severe liver disease ุจูุนู
ู ุฃูุง |
|
|
|
305 |
|
00:23:47,890 --> 00:23:51,070 |
|
ุงุญูุง ูููุง ุฅู ููู ุจุชููู ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ูู ุงู liver |
|
|
|
306 |
|
00:23:51,070 --> 00:23:53,710 |
|
ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุนูุฏู ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงู liver ูุจูู ูุฐุง |
|
|
|
307 |
|
00:23:53,710 --> 00:23:57,790 |
|
ู
ู
ูู ูููู ู
ู ุงู synthesis ููููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ defective |
|
|
|
308 |
|
00:23:57,790 --> 00:24:01,590 |
|
renal tubular reabsorption ูุฃู ูููุง ูุณุจุฉ ูุจูุฑุฉ |
|
|
|
309 |
|
00:24:01,590 --> 00:24:06,580 |
|
ูููุง 98% ู
ู ุงู filtered ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ุจูุตูู re |
|
|
|
310 |
|
00:24:06,580 --> 00:24:11,200 |
|
-absorption ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ูุฏู ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงู tubular ุจู
ุนูุงุชู |
|
|
|
311 |
|
00:24:11,200 --> 00:24:15,140 |
|
ุณูููู ูุฏู ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงู re-absorption ููููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ |
|
|
|
312 |
|
00:24:15,140 --> 00:24:20,020 |
|
ููุฐุง ู
ู
ูู ูุคุฏู ุฅูู hypo-uricemia ุงูุฎูุงุถ ูู ู
ุณุชูู |
|
|
|
313 |
|
00:24:20,020 --> 00:24:25,680 |
|
ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ูู ุงูุฏู
ุฒู ูู ุญุงูุงุช ุงูู Fanconi's syndrome |
|
|
|
314 |
|
00:24:25,680 --> 00:24:30,020 |
|
ููู ุงูู Fanconi's syndrome ุนูุฏูุง ุงู proximal tubular |
|
|
|
315 |
|
00:24:30,020 --> 00:24:33,540 |
|
function of the kidney is impaired ุงููู ูู ุงูุฌุฒุก |
|
|
|
316 |
|
00:24:33,540 --> 00:24:38,940 |
|
ุงูุฃูู ู
ู ุงู tubular ุงููู ูู ุจุนุฏ ุงู .. ุจุนุฏ ุงู .. ุงู .. |
|
|
|
317 |
|
00:24:38,940 --> 00:24:41,460 |
|
ุงูู Bowman's capsule ุงููู ูู ู
ูุฌูุฏ .. ููู ู
ูุฌูุฏ ุนูุฏู |
|
|
|
318 |
|
00:24:41,460 --> 00:24:45,240 |
|
ุงู glomerulus ูู ุจุฌูุฉ ุฏู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูููุฑูู ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ูู |
|
|
|
319 |
|
00:24:45,240 --> 00:24:49,060 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ุงู glomerulus ู ุงู glomerulus ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง |
|
|
|
320 |
|
00:24:49,060 --> 00:24:52,540 |
|
ุจูุตูุฑ filtration ููุฏู
ู ุงููููุชุฑุงุช ุจูุฒู ูู ู
ุง ูุณู
ู |
|
|
|
321 |
|
00:24:52,540 --> 00:24:57,950 |
|
ุจูู ุงูู Bowman's capsule ู ุจุนุฏ ููู ุจุฏุฎู ูู ุงู tubules |
|
|
|
322 |
|
00:24:57,950 --> 00:25:03,230 |
|
ูุนูู ุฃู ุงูููุฑูู ุจุชููู ู
ู ุงู glomerulus ุจู Bowman's |
|
|
|
323 |
|
00:25:03,230 --> 00:25:08,430 |
|
capsule ู ุงู tubules ุทุจุนุง ุงูุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ููุญูู |
|
|
|
324 |
|
00:25:08,430 --> 00:25:15,590 |
|
ูุนูู ูู ุฏุงู
ุดููุฉ ุนู ุงูุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ููููุฑูู ุงูุขู |
|
|
|
325 |
|
00:25:15,590 --> 00:25:18,370 |
|
ูู ุงู Fanconi Syndrome ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงูุฌุฒุก |
|
|
|
326 |
|
00:25:18,370 --> 00:25:22,530 |
|
ุงูุฃูู ู
ู ุงู tubules ุงู proximal convoluted tubule |
|
|
|
327 |
|
00:25:22,530 --> 00:25:26,250 |
|
ุชู
ุงู
ุ ูุจูู ูุงู
ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
328 |
|
00:25:26,250 --> 00:25:33,230 |
|
reabsorption ููุฐุง ู
ู
ูู ูุคุฏู ุฅูู ุงูุฎูุงุถ ุงููู ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
329 |
|
00:25:33,230 --> 00:25:36,870 |
|
uric acid ุฃูุถุง ุงู chemotherapy with 6 |
|
|
|
330 |
|
00:25:36,870 --> 00:25:43,630 |
|
-mercaptopurine or azathioprine inhibits purine |
|
|
|
331 |
|
00:25:43,630 --> 00:25:47,770 |
|
synthesis ูุจูู ู
ุง ุฒุงู ุนู
ููุง inhibition ูุฃ ูู purine |
|
|
|
332 |
|
00:25:47,770 --> 00:25:53,020 |
|
synthesis ุชู
ุงู
ูุจูู ุฃูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงููู ูู ุงูู Uric Acid |
|
|
|
333 |
|
00:25:53,020 --> 00:25:57,140 |
|
Synthesis ุฃูุถูุง Over Treatment with Allopurinol |
|
|
|
334 |
|
00:25:57,140 --> 00:26:00,460 |
|
ูุฃูู ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุงูู Allopurinol ุจูุนู
ู Inhibition |
|
|
|
335 |
|
00:26:00,460 --> 00:26:05,980 |
|
ูุงูุฒูู
ุงูู Xanthine Oxidase ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุจูููู ู
ู |
|
|
|
336 |
|
00:26:05,980 --> 00:26:09,640 |
|
ุฅูุชุงุฌ ุงูู Uric Acid ูุจูู Over Treatment with |
|
|
|
337 |
|
00:26:09,640 --> 00:26:12,860 |
|
Allopurinol ุจุฑุถู ูุฐุง ู
ู
ูู ูุคุฏู ุฅูู Hypo Uricemia |
|
|
|
338 |
|
00:26:12,860 --> 00:26:16,320 |
|
ููู ู
ู
ูู ูููุณ ุงูู Uric Acidุ ุงูู Primary Method Uses |
|
|
|
339 |
|
00:26:16,320 --> 00:26:20,700 |
|
Enzyme Uricase To Convert Uric Acid To Allantoin |
|
|
|
340 |
|
00:26:22,000 --> 00:26:27,000 |
|
ุฃูู ุฎุทูุฉ ุงูู uric acid ุจุชุญูู ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูู uricase ุฅูู |
|
|
|
341 |
|
00:26:27,000 --> 00:26:32,720 |
|
ุงูู allantoin ุงูุขู ูู ู
ู
ูู ุงูู ุทุฑููุฉ ู
ู ุงูุทุฑู ุฅูู ูู |
|
|
|
342 |
|
00:26:32,720 --> 00:26:38,740 |
|
ุฅููุง differential absorption at 293 nanometer |
|
|
|
343 |
|
00:26:38,740 --> 00:26:43,400 |
|
ุงูู uric acid has UV absorbance peak at 293 nanometer |
|
|
|
344 |
|
00:26:43,400 --> 00:26:49,770 |
|
ูุฅู ุงูู allantoin ูุง ูุนุฑูู ุงูู uric acid ุงูู ูู maximum |
|
|
|
345 |
|
00:26:49,770 --> 00:26:55,490 |
|
absorbance ุนูู 293 ููู ุงู Allantoin ู
ูููุด ูุจุงูุชุงูู |
|
|
|
346 |
|
00:26:55,490 --> 00:27:02,370 |
|
ุงู decrease ูู ุงู absorbance ุนูู 293 ูุฐุง ู
ู
ูู |
|
|
|
347 |
|
00:27:02,370 --> 00:27:06,970 |
|
ูุนุทููู indication ุนู ูู
ูุฉ ุงู uric acid ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ |
|
|
|
348 |
|
00:27:06,970 --> 00:27:11,080 |
|
ููู ูู ุฃู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ููุง ุฅูู ุงูุจุฑูุชูู ูุชู
ุชุญู
ูููุง |
|
|
|
349 |
|
00:27:11,080 --> 00:27:15,600 |
|
ุชูุฑูุจุง ู
ู ูุฐุง ุงููุถุน ูุฅุฐุง ูุงูุฑูู ูุฅููุง ุงู maximum |
|
|
|
350 |
|
00:27:15,600 --> 00:27:21,280 |
|
absorbance ุนูู 280 ููู ูุฐุง ูุง ูู
ูุน ุฅูู ุนูู 293 |
|
|
|
351 |
|
00:27:21,280 --> 00:27:25,400 |
|
ุจุฑุถู ู
ู
ูู ูููู ูู ุนูุง absorbance ูุจุฑูุชูู ุทูุจ ูู |
|
|
|
352 |
|
00:27:25,400 --> 00:27:29,440 |
|
ุนูุง ุทุฑู ุฃุฎุฑู in other methods ูุจู your case with |
|
|
|
353 |
|
00:27:29,440 --> 00:27:32,760 |
|
catalase peroxidase action on hydrogen peroxide |
|
|
|
354 |
|
00:27:32,760 --> 00:27:36,760 |
|
product from allantoin ุงูุขู ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง |
|
|
|
355 |
|
00:27:36,760 --> 00:27:39,900 |
|
ุงูุฎุทูุฉ ุงูุฃููู ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
ุงูู uricase ุจุชุนุทููู ุงูู allantoin |
|
|
|
356 |
|
00:27:39,900 --> 00:27:44,880 |
|
ููู ุฃุด ุจููุชุฌ ูู ุจููุชุฌ H2O2 ุจูุณุชุบููุง ุงู H2O2 ุงููู |
|
|
|
357 |
|
00:27:44,880 --> 00:27:50,340 |
|
ุจุชูุชุฌ ูุงูู ู
ุน indicator dye ู ูู ูุฌูุฏ peroxidase |
|
|
|
358 |
|
00:27:50,340 --> 00:27:54,340 |
|
ุจุชุนุทููู colored compound ู ุงู colored compound ุทุจุนุง |
|
|
|
359 |
|
00:27:54,340 --> 00:27:58,500 |
|
ู
ู
ูู ู
ู
ูู ูุชู
ููุงุณู ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
ุงู spectrophotometer |
|
|
|
360 |
|
00:27:58,500 --> 00:28:01,480 |
|
ุงู reaction ุงูุซุงูู ุงู reaction ุงูุซุงูู ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
361 |
|
00:28:01,480 --> 00:28:05,680 |
|
ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
ุงู catalase ููุฏู ุงูุฎุทูุฉ ุฒู ู
ุง ูู ู ุงู |
|
|
|
362 |
|
00:28:05,680 --> 00:28:09,160 |
|
H2O2 ุงููู ูุชุฌุช ุจุงูุชูุงุนู ุงูุฃูู ุงูุขู ูู ุงูุชูุงุนู |
|
|
|
363 |
|
00:28:09,160 --> 00:28:14,640 |
|
ุงูุชุงูู ุงุณุชุฎุฏู
ูุง ุงู catalase ู ูุชุฌ ุจููุงูุฉ ุนูุฏูุง ุงููู |
|
|
|
364 |
|
00:28:14,640 --> 00:28:18,240 |
|
ูู colored product ุงููู ุจุฑุถู ู
ู
ูู ูุชู
ููุงุณู |
|
|
|
365 |
|
00:28:18,240 --> 00:28:22,340 |
|
ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
ุงู spectrophotometer ุนูุฏูุง ุฃูุถุง |
|
|
|
366 |
|
00:28:22,340 --> 00:28:27,720 |
|
nanoprotein nitrogen compound ุขุฎุฑ ููู ุงู ammonia ู ุงู |
|
|
|
367 |
|
00:28:27,720 --> 00:28:31,780 |
|
ammonia ุทุจุนุง ุฌุงูุฉ ู
ู ุงู deamination ู ุงู amino |
|
|
|
368 |
|
00:28:31,780 --> 00:28:36,560 |
|
acids ู ุงู surplus of amino acids ุงูุฒุงุฆุฏ ุนู ุญุงุฌุฉ |
|
|
|
369 |
|
00:28:36,560 --> 00:28:40,080 |
|
ุงูุฌุณู
ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุจุงูุณูู ุฏู amination ู ุจูุชู
ูุฒุน |
|
|
|
370 |
|
00:28:40,080 --> 00:28:42,820 |
|
ู ุงู amino group ู ุงู amino group ุชุชุญูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
371 |
|
00:28:42,820 --> 00:28:46,260 |
|
ุฃู
ูููุง ุฃูุถุง ููุง ุจุนุถ ุงูุฃู
ูููุง ุจุชู
ุฅูุชุงุฌูุง ุนู ุทุฑูู |
|
|
|
372 |
|
00:28:46,260 --> 00:28:52,580 |
|
ุงู bacterial enzymes ูู ุงู intestine ู ุงูุฃู
ูููุง |
|
|
|
373 |
|
00:28:52,580 --> 00:28:57,600 |
|
ุฃูุถุง released from muscle during exercise ูุจูู |
|
|
|
374 |
|
00:28:57,600 --> 00:29:04,760 |
|
ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู ู
ุตุฏุฑ ููุฃู
ูููุง ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูุฏู
ู ุทุจุนุง ูุฐู |
|
|
|
375 |
|
00:29:04,760 --> 00:29:10,320 |
|
ุงูุฃู
ูููุง ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ุจุชุตู ุงู hepatocytes ุงูู ุงูุจุฑุงูุดูู
ุงู |
|
|
|
376 |
|
00:29:10,320 --> 00:29:14,380 |
|
of the liver ู ุจุชุชู
ุชุญููููุง ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูู urea cycle |
|
|
|
377 |
|
00:29:14,380 --> 00:29:21,460 |
|
ุฅูู ููุฑูุง ู ุญูููุง ุณุงุจูุง ุทุจุนุง ุฅูู ุงู ammonia toxic ู |
|
|
|
378 |
|
00:29:21,460 --> 00:29:25,320 |
|
ุจุชุชุญูู ุทุจุนุง ุฅูู ุงูููุฑูุง ุงููู ูู less toxic |
|
|
|
379 |
|
00:29:25,320 --> 00:29:29,680 |
|
compound ููู ูุฐุง ูุง ูู
ูุน ุฅูู ุงู ammonia ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุจ |
|
|
|
380 |
|
00:29:29,680 --> 00:29:35,800 |
|
concentration ููููุฉ ูู ุงูุจูุงุฒู
ุง a disease |
|
|
|
381 |
|
00:29:35,800 --> 00:29:39,200 |
|
correlation severe liver disease most common cause |
|
|
|
382 |
|
00:29:39,200 --> 00:29:43,580 |
|
of abnormal ammonia levels ูุฃู ูู ุงููู ูู ุฒู ู
ุง |
|
|
|
383 |
|
00:29:43,580 --> 00:29:46,620 |
|
ูููุง ุจุชุชู
ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูุชุญููู ุงูุฃู
ูููุง ุฅูู ููุฑูุง ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
384 |
|
00:29:46,620 --> 00:29:51,180 |
|
liver ุฅุฐุง ุงู liver ููู ู
ุดููุฉ ู
ุนูุงุชู ูู ุฃู ู
ุดููุฉ ูู |
|
|
|
385 |
|
00:29:51,180 --> 00:29:53,620 |
|
ุชุญููู ุงูุฃู
ูููุง ุฅูู ููุฑูุง ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุฐุง ููุคุฏู ุฅูู |
|
|
|
386 |
|
00:29:53,620 --> 00:29:58,920 |
|
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงูุฃู
ูููุง ูู ุงูุฏู
ammonia is not removed from |
|
|
|
387 |
|
00:29:58,920 --> 00:30:04,020 |
|
circulation and not converted to urea elevated |
|
|
|
388 |
|
00:30:04,020 --> 00:30:06,460 |
|
ammonia levels are neurotoxic and are often |
|
|
|
389 |
|
00:30:06,460 --> 00:30:10,720 |
|
associated with encephalopathy ุจูุฃุซุฑ ุนูู ุงูุฃุนุตุงุจ |
|
|
|
390 |
|
00:30:10,720 --> 00:30:15,660 |
|
ูุจูุฃุซุฑ ุนูู ุงูุฏู
ุงุบ ุฅุฐุง ุงุฑุชูุนุช ุฅูู ู
ุณุชููุงุช ุงูุฃู
ูููุง |
|
|
|
391 |
|
00:30:15,660 --> 00:30:20,780 |
|
ูู ุงูุฏู
ammonia ุฃูุถุง ุชุฑุชูุน ูู ุงู Reye's syndrome |
|
|
|
392 |
|
00:30:20,780 --> 00:30:25,300 |
|
most commonly seen in children ู ุงู Reye's syndrome |
|
|
|
393 |
|
00:30:25,300 --> 00:30:28,340 |
|
often preceded by viral infection treated with |
|
|
|
394 |
|
00:30:28,340 --> 00:30:32,630 |
|
aspirin ุจูุฃุฐู ุงูุทูู ุจูุตุงุจ ุจู Viral Infection ูุจูุนุทู |
|
|
|
395 |
|
00:30:32,630 --> 00:30:36,670 |
|
ุนูุงุฌ ุงููู ูู Aspirin ูุฅุนุทุงุก ุงู Aspirin ูุฐุง ุจูุคุฏู |
|
|
|
396 |
|
00:30:36,670 --> 00:30:41,370 |
|
ุฅูู Fatty Infiltration of Liver ุจูุคุฏู ุฅูู ุชุฑุงูู
|
|
|
|
397 |
|
00:30:41,370 --> 00:30:46,670 |
|
ููุฏููู ูู ุงู liver ููุฐุง ุจูุฃุซุฑ ุนูู ุงููุธุงุฆู ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
398 |
|
00:30:46,670 --> 00:30:50,530 |
|
ุงู liver ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ูู
ู ุถู
ููุง ุทุจุนุง ุชุญููู ุงููู ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
399 |
|
00:30:50,530 --> 00:30:55,850 |
|
ammonia ุฅูู urea ูุจูู ุจูุฐู ุงูุญุงูุฉ ุญูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
400 |
|
00:30:55,850 --> 00:31:01,210 |
|
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุนูุฏ ูุฏูู ุงูุฃุทูุงู ููุงู
ูููุง ูุฅู ุงูุงุฑุชูุงุน ูุฐุง |
|
|
|
401 |
|
00:31:01,210 --> 00:31:05,430 |
|
ู
ู
ูู ูููู very high ูุนูู ูุทุจุนุง ู
ู
ูู ูููู fatal |
|
|
|
402 |
|
00:31:05,430 --> 00:31:10,270 |
|
ูุงูุฃุทูุงู ุงููู ุนูุฏูู
Reye's Syndrome ุงูู
ูุฑูุถ ุฅูู |
|
|
|
403 |
|
00:31:10,270 --> 00:31:14,770 |
|
ูุชู
ูุชู
ู
ุชุงุจุนุชูู
ููุชู
ู
ุชุงุจุนุฉ ุงู concentration |
|
|
|
404 |
|
00:31:14,770 --> 00:31:18,890 |
|
ููุงู
ูููุง ุนูุฏูู
ููุนูู ูุชู
ุงูู
ุญุงูุธุฉ ุนูู ู
ุณุชูู |
|
|
|
405 |
|
00:31:18,890 --> 00:31:24,880 |
|
ุฃู
ูููุง ู
ูุฎูุถ ูุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุชู
ุงูู
ุญุงูุธุฉ ุนูู Ammonia below |
|
|
|
406 |
|
00:31:24,880 --> 00:31:28,240 |
|
five times normal ูุนูู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุงู concentration |
|
|
|
407 |
|
00:31:28,240 --> 00:31:33,960 |
|
ููุงู
ูููุง ูุงูุช ูุบุงูุฉ ุฎู
ุณ ุฃุถุนุงู ุงูุทุจูุนู ุฃู ุฃูู ูุจูู |
|
|
|
408 |
|
00:31:33,960 --> 00:31:38,300 |
|
ูู ุจูููู ููู ุฅูู hundred percent survival ููุฏูู |
|
|
|
409 |
|
00:31:38,300 --> 00:31:41,160 |
|
ุงูุฃุทูุงู ammonia ุฃูุถุง ุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ูู ุงู diagnosis of |
|
|
|
410 |
|
00:31:41,160 --> 00:31:44,770 |
|
inherited deficiencies of urea cycle enzymes ูุฃู |
|
|
|
411 |
|
00:31:44,770 --> 00:31:47,310 |
|
ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ูุฏููุง ู
ุดููุฉ ุจุงูู Urea Cycle Enzymesุ ูุฐุง |
|
|
|
412 |
|
00:31:47,310 --> 00:31:52,630 |
|
ุฃูุถุง ุณูุคุฏู ุฅูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ู
ุณุชููุงุช ุงูุฃู
ูููุง ูุงูู |
|
|
|
413 |
|
00:31:52,630 --> 00:31:55,550 |
|
Measurement of Ammonia used to diagnose and |
|
|
|
414 |
|
00:31:55,550 --> 00:31:59,270 |
|
monitor the treatment ูู ูุฐู ุงูุญุงูุฉ ุงูู Analytic |
|
|
|
415 |
|
00:31:59,270 --> 00:32:02,450 |
|
Methodsุ ุทุจุนุง ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงูุฃู
ูููุง ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุฅูู |
|
|
|
416 |
|
00:32:02,450 --> 00:32:07,570 |
|
ูุฏููุง ุงู concentration ุจุชููู ู
ูุฎูุถุฉ ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ุงูุซุงููุฉ |
|
|
|
417 |
|
00:32:07,570 --> 00:32:12,350 |
|
ุฅูู volatile, unstable, easy contamination ูุฃูุถุง |
|
|
|
418 |
|
00:32:12,350 --> 00:32:16,590 |
|
ุจุฑุถู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงููุญุต ููุงู
ูููุง ุตุนุจุฉ ุทุฑููุฉ ุงููู ูุงูุช |
|
|
|
419 |
|
00:32:16,590 --> 00:32:19,570 |
|
ุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ุงููู ูู ุงู historical method Conway |
|
|
|
420 |
|
00:32:19,570 --> 00:32:21,830 |
|
to volatilize |
|
|
|
421 |
|
00:32:22,780 --> 00:32:27,100 |
|
ุนููุณูุฑ ุงููู ูู ุฒู ุชุจุฎูุฑ ููุฃู
ูููุง ูุจุนุฏูู ุฃุณูุชูุง |
|
|
|
422 |
|
00:32:27,100 --> 00:32:31,780 |
|
absorption ูุฃุณูุชูุง titration ุทุฑููุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
423 |
|
00:32:31,780 --> 00:32:37,100 |
|
ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
ุฌููุชุงู
ุงุช ุฏููุงูุฏุฑูุฌูููุฒ ูู
ู
ูู ุฃูุถุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
|
|
|
|
424 |
|
00:32:37,100 --> 00:32:41,680 |
|
ุงูู ion selective electrode ูุจูุฐู ุงูุญุงูุฉ ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
425 |
|
00:32:41,680 --> 00:32:45,800 |
|
change in pH solution as ammonia diffuses through |
|
|
|
426 |
|
00:32:45,800 --> 00:32:51,310 |
|
semi permeable membraneุงูู Reference Interval ู
ู |
|
|
|
427 |
|
00:32:51,310 --> 00:32:56,470 |
|
ุชุณุนุฉ ุนุดุฑ ุฅูู ุณุชูู ู
ููุฑูุฌุฑุงู
per dL ูุชุฑ ุจููุฏุฆ |
|
|
|
428 |
|
00:32:56,470 --> 00:33:00,700 |
|
ุงูุทุฑู ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุงููู ูู ุงูู ion selective |
|
|
|
429 |
|
00:33:00,700 --> 00:33:03,560 |
|
electrode ูุงููู ูู ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
430 |
|
00:33:03,560 --> 00:33:08,500 |
|
spectrophotometer ุฃู enzymatic method ูุจุฑุถู ุทุจุนุง |
|
|
|
431 |
|
00:33:08,500 --> 00:33:13,140 |
|
ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
ุงููู ูู ุงูู spectrophotometer ุทูุจ ูุดูู |
|
|
|
432 |
|
00:33:13,140 --> 00:33:16,840 |
|
case study ุฃุฎุฑู a three-year-old girl was admitted |
|
|
|
433 |
|
00:33:16,840 --> 00:33:21,040 |
|
with a diagnosis of acute lymphocytic leukemia. Her |
|
|
|
434 |
|
00:33:21,040 --> 00:33:23,500 |
|
admitting laboratory data are shown in case study |
|
|
|
435 |
|
00:33:24,160 --> 00:33:29,480 |
|
ูุจูู ูุชุงุฉ ุนู
ุฑูุง ุซูุงุซ ุณููุงุช ููู ุนูุฏูุง ุณุฑุทุงู ูู ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
436 |
|
00:33:29,480 --> 00:33:31,520 |
|
ุงููู ูู acute lymphocytic leukemia ุฏุฎูุช ุนูู |
|
|
|
437 |
|
00:33:31,520 --> 00:33:35,600 |
|
ุงูู
ุณุชุดูู ูafter admission she was treated with |
|
|
|
438 |
|
00:33:35,600 --> 00:33:39,700 |
|
packed cells, two units of platelets, intravenous |
|
|
|
439 |
|
00:33:39,700 --> 00:33:44,460 |
|
fluids and allopurinol ูุจูู ุชู
ุฅุนุทุงุฆูุง platelets |
|
|
|
440 |
|
00:33:44,460 --> 00:33:50,600 |
|
ุชู
ุฅุนุทุงุฆูุง ุณูุงุฆู ูุฃูุถุง ุชู
ุฅุนุทุงุฆูุง ุงููู ูู ุนูุงุฌ |
|
|
|
441 |
|
00:33:50,600 --> 00:33:53,940 |
|
Allopurinol ุงููู ุจูููููุง ุจูุณุชุฎุฏู
ููุง ููููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ |
|
|
|
442 |
|
00:33:53,940 --> 00:33:57,940 |
|
On the second day chemotherapy was begun ูุจุฏู ูู |
|
|
|
443 |
|
00:33:57,940 --> 00:34:02,180 |
|
ุงูุนูุงุฌ ุงูููู
ูุงุฆู ุซุงูู ููู
ูุชู
ุฅุนุทุงุฆูุง ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู |
|
|
|
444 |
|
00:34:02,180 --> 00:34:06,900 |
|
ุนูุงุฌ ูุนูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูููููุฑูุณุชูู ูุนูุฏูุง ุฃูุถุง ุงูู |
|
|
|
445 |
|
00:34:06,900 --> 00:34:10,780 |
|
Intrathecal Injection of Methotrexate ุจุงูุฅุถุงูุฉ |
|
|
|
446 |
|
00:34:10,780 --> 00:34:16,120 |
|
ููุจุฑูุฏููุณูู ูุฃูุถุง Cytosine Arabinoside ูุจุนุฏ ููู |
|
|
|
447 |
|
00:34:16,120 --> 00:34:19,660 |
|
she was discharged for home care five days later |
|
|
|
448 |
|
00:34:19,660 --> 00:34:24,860 |
|
ููู
ูุช ูู ุงูุจูุช ู
ุน ุงูุจุฑูุฏููุณูู ููุงู ูู Pyranol ุจุนุฏ |
|
|
|
449 |
|
00:34:24,860 --> 00:34:27,140 |
|
ููู she received additional chemotherapy ุฃุฎุฏุช |
|
|
|
450 |
|
00:34:27,140 --> 00:34:34,830 |
|
ุงูุนูุงุฌ ุงูููู
ูุงุฆู ุจุนุฏ ุดูุฑ ูู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ูู 14-11 ููู ุณุชุฉ |
|
|
|
451 |
|
00:34:34,830 --> 00:34:39,530 |
|
ุงุชูุงุดุฑ ุฏุฎูุช ุงูู
ุณุชุดูู because she had painful sores |
|
|
|
452 |
|
00:34:39,530 --> 00:34:45,190 |
|
in her mouth ููุงู ุนูุฏูุง ุชูุฑุญุงุช ุจุงููู
ูู
ุง ูุงูุช |
|
|
|
453 |
|
00:34:45,190 --> 00:34:50,900 |
|
ูุงุฏุฑุฉ ุชุฃูู ุทูุจ ุงูุขู ุงููุญูุตุงุช ุฃู ุฃูู ู
ุฑุฉ ูุงู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
454 |
|
00:34:50,900 --> 00:34:54,960 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ููุชุฑูุฌูู 12 ูุงู ุนูุฏูุง ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู 0.7 |
|
|
|
455 |
|
00:34:54,960 --> 00:34:58,880 |
|
ูุนูุฏูุง ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ูุงู 12 ุงูู white blood cells |
|
|
|
456 |
|
00:34:58,880 --> 00:35:04,420 |
|
ุทุจุนุง ู
ุฑุชูุน ุจุดูู ูุจูุฑ 56300 ูุนูุฏูุง ุงูููุฑูุง ู |
|
|
|
457 |
|
00:35:04,420 --> 00:35:07,820 |
|
ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ู
ุด ูููู
ู
ุดููุฉ ููู ูุงู ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงุฑุชูุงุน |
|
|
|
458 |
|
00:35:07,820 --> 00:35:11,800 |
|
ูู ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ุทุจุนุง ู
ุน ูุฐุง ุงูุนุฏุฏ ุงููุจูุฑ ู
ู ุงูู white |
|
|
|
459 |
|
00:35:11,800 --> 00:35:17,200 |
|
blood cells ูุฃููุฏ ุจูุตูุฑ ุจุฑุถู ูู mode ูุฎูุงูุง |
|
|
|
460 |
|
00:35:17,200 --> 00:35:21,320 |
|
ูุจูู ููููู ูู ุนูุฏูุง breakdown ูู ุงูู purines ู |
|
|
|
461 |
|
00:35:21,320 --> 00:35:24,580 |
|
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ุฒู ู
ุง ุงุญูุง ุดุงูููู ุงูููุฑูู |
|
|
|
462 |
|
00:35:24,580 --> 00:35:28,380 |
|
ุฃุณูุฏ ูุงู 12 ุนุดุงู ููู ุนูู ุทูู ุจุฏูุง ุญุชู ูุจู ู
ุง ูุนุทูุง |
|
|
|
463 |
|
00:35:28,380 --> 00:35:32,520 |
|
ุงูู chemotherapy ุนูู ุทูู ุจุฏูุง ุจูุนุทูุง allopurinol ู
ุน ูุฐู |
|
|
|
464 |
|
00:35:32,520 --> 00:35:36,560 |
|
ุงูุทููุฉ ุฅููุงุธู ุงููู ูู ุงูููู
ุงูุซุงูู ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ู |
|
|
|
465 |
|
00:35:36,560 --> 00:35:40,640 |
|
ูุนูุง ุจุฏุฃ ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ูู ุงูุฎูุงุถ ูุงูููู
ุงูุซุงูุซ ูุตู |
|
|
|
466 |
|
00:35:40,640 --> 00:35:45,180 |
|
ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ูู 4 ูุจุนุฏ ููู ุฑุฌุนูุง ูุญุตูุง ุงูููุฑูุง |
|
|
|
467 |
|
00:35:45,180 --> 00:35:50,340 |
|
ููุชุฑูุฌูู ูุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ูุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ููุนูู ุตุงุฑ |
|
|
|
468 |
|
00:35:50,340 --> 00:35:56,510 |
|
ููู ููุง ุฅู ุดููุฉ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงูููุฑูุง ููุชุฑูุฌูู ููู ูุณู |
|
|
|
469 |
|
00:35:56,510 --> 00:35:59,830 |
|
ูุนูู within reference interval ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ุทุจุนุง |
|
|
|
470 |
|
00:35:59,830 --> 00:36:02,770 |
|
ูุนูู ุงูุฎูุถ ุจุดูู ูุจูุฑ ูุงูู white blood cells ุจุฑุถู |
|
|
|
471 |
|
00:36:02,770 --> 00:36:08,270 |
|
ุฒู ู
ุง ุงุญูุง ุดุงูููู ูุนูู ุงูุฎูุถุช ุจุฑุถู ุจุดูู ูุจูุฑ ุงูู
ุฑุฉ |
|
|
|
472 |
|
00:36:08,270 --> 00:36:12,960 |
|
ุงูุซุงููุฉ ูู
ุง ุงุฌุช ุจุฑุถู ุนุดุงู ุชุงุฎุฏ ุฌุฑุนุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ุนู
ููููุง |
|
|
|
473 |
|
00:36:12,960 --> 00:36:18,560 |
|
ูุญูุตุงุช ุฅู ุงูููุฑูุง 4 ูุฑูุงุชูููู 0.7 ููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ |
|
|
|
474 |
|
00:36:18,560 --> 00:36:24,720 |
|
ููู
ุจูุช 0.3 ูุนูุฏูุง ุงูู white blood cells 2800 ุชู
ุงู
|
|
|
|
475 |
|
00:36:24,720 --> 00:36:28,900 |
|
ู
ุงููุด ู
ุดููุฉ ุจุนุฏ ููู ูู
ุง ุงุฌุช ุฏุงุฎูุฉ ุงูู
ุณุชุดูู ูุฃู |
|
|
|
476 |
|
00:36:28,900 --> 00:36:37,130 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ุชูุฑุญุงุช ูู ุงููู
ุทุจุนุง ูุงุถุญ ุฅู ุฅู ุงูููุฑูุง ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
477 |
|
00:36:37,130 --> 00:36:41,430 |
|
ู
ูุฎูุถุฉ 2 ุงูููุฑูุง ููุชุฑูุฌูู ู
ูุฎูุถุฉ ูุงูู white |
|
|
|
478 |
|
00:36:41,430 --> 00:36:47,450 |
|
blood cells ุนูุฏูุง ู
ุง ููุด ูููู
ู
ุดููุฉ ุทูุจ ุงูุขู ุงูุฃุณุฆูุฉ ุงูุด |
|
|
|
479 |
|
00:36:47,450 --> 00:36:52,270 |
|
ุณุจุจ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงูู uric acid ุนูุฏ ุฏุฎูู ุงูู
ุณุชุดูู how |
|
|
|
480 |
|
00:36:52,270 --> 00:36:54,490 |
|
would you explain the significant elevations of |
|
|
|
481 |
|
00:36:54,490 --> 00:36:58,370 |
|
uric acid on admission ุงูุณุจุจ ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุฅูู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
482 |
|
00:36:58,370 --> 00:37:01,780 |
|
ุนุฏุฏ ุงูู white blood cells ู
ุฑุชูุน ููู ุนูุฏู breakdown |
|
|
|
483 |
|
00:37:01,780 --> 00:37:07,700 |
|
ูุนุฏุฏ ูุจูุฑ ู
ู ุงูู white blood cells ูุทุจุนุง breakdown |
|
|
|
484 |
|
00:37:07,700 --> 00:37:10,000 |
|
ูู ุงูู white blood cells ุงูู white blood cells ูุจูู |
|
|
|
485 |
|
00:37:10,000 --> 00:37:13,160 |
|
ุนูุฏู breakdown ุฃูุถุง ูู ุงูู nucleus ููู ุงูู DNA ููู ุงูู |
|
|
|
486 |
|
00:37:13,160 --> 00:37:19,150 |
|
purines ูุจูู ูุฐุง ุฃููุฏ ุจูุฑูุน ู
ู ุงูู uric acid ูุนูู |
|
|
|
487 |
|
00:37:19,150 --> 00:37:22,450 |
|
ููุดุ ุทูุจ ู
ุง ูููุงุด ุฅูู ูุฐุง ุงูุทูู ุนูุฏู ู
ุซูุง ู
ุดููุฉ ูู |
|
|
|
488 |
|
00:37:22,450 --> 00:37:25,110 |
|
ุงูู kidney ูุนูู ูู ุงูู uric acid ู
ุฑุชูุน ูุงูู uric |
|
|
|
489 |
|
00:37:25,110 --> 00:37:28,730 |
|
acid ูุนูู ู
ู.. ูุนุชุจุฑ ู
ู ุงูู kidney function tests |
|
|
|
490 |
|
00:37:28,730 --> 00:37:32,690 |
|
ู
ุง ูููุงุด ุฅูู ุนูุฏูุง ู
ุดููุฉ ุจุงูู kidney ูุฃูู ููุง ูุงุถุญ |
|
|
|
491 |
|
00:37:32,690 --> 00:37:36,650 |
|
ุฅูู ุนูุฏูุง.. ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู uric acid ุจุณ ูู ุงูู
ุฑุชูุน ููู |
|
|
|
492 |
|
00:37:36,650 --> 00:37:43,000 |
|
ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู ูุงูู urea ุนูุฏูุง ุทุจูุนููู ุชู
ุงู
ุ ูุจูู ูุฏูู |
|
|
|
493 |
|
00:37:43,000 --> 00:37:46,020 |
|
ุทุจูุนููู ูุจูู ูู ุนูุฏูุง ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงูููู ูุจูู ูุงู |
|
|
|
494 |
|
00:37:46,020 --> 00:37:49,360 |
|
ูุฌููุง ุงูููุฑูุง ููุชุฑูุฌูู ู
ุฑุชูุน ููุงู ูุฌููุง ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู |
|
|
|
495 |
|
00:37:49,360 --> 00:37:53,060 |
|
ุงูู
ุฑุชูุน ุจุงูุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฅูู ุงูุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ููู |
|
|
|
496 |
|
00:37:53,060 --> 00:37:57,860 |
|
ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ูุงู ุนูุฏูุง ููุท ุงูููุฑูู ุฃุณูุฏ ูู ุงูู
ุฑุชูุน |
|
|
|
497 |
|
00:37:57,860 --> 00:38:00,480 |
|
ุทูุจ what two factors are responsible for the |
|
|
|
498 |
|
00:38:00,480 --> 00:38:03,480 |
|
normal levels of uric acid seen in subsequent |
|
|
|
499 |
|
00:38:03,480 --> 00:38:07,360 |
|
admissionsุ ููุด ุจุนุฏ ููู ูุงู ุนูุฏูุง ู
ุณุชููุงุช ุงูููุฑูู |
|
|
|
500 |
|
00:38:07,360 --> 00:38:12,360 |
|
ุฃุณูุฏ ุทุจูุนูุฉุ ุทุจุนุง ุฃูู ุดูุก ุงูู chemotherapy ูุฒู ุนุฏุฏ |
|
|
|
501 |
|
00:38:12,360 --> 00:38:16,060 |
|
ุงูู blood cells ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุจุงูุฅุถุงูุฉ ูุฅู ุงูู |
|
|
|
502 |
|
00:38:16,060 --> 00:38:21,960 |
|
patient ุจูุงุฎุฏ allopurinol ุชู
ุงู
ูุจูู ุงุณุชู
ุฑ ุฅุนุทุงุก |
|
|
|
503 |
|
00:38:21,960 --> 00:38:24,980 |
|
ุงููู ูู allopurinol ูู ุงูู patient what is the most |
|
|
|
504 |
|
00:38:24,980 --> 00:38:27,380 |
|
likely cause of abnormally low level of urea |
|
|
|
505 |
|
00:38:27,380 --> 00:38:31,920 |
|
nitrogen observed on 6th of Decemberุ ุฅุฐุง ูุงู |
|
|
|
506 |
|
00:38:31,920 --> 00:38:36,020 |
|
ูุงุญุธุชูุง ุฅูู ูููุง ูุงูุช ุฅูู ูู
ุง ุฏุฎูุช ูุงูุช ุงูู urea |
|
|
|
507 |
|
00:38:36,020 --> 00:38:42,760 |
|
ู
ูุฎูุถุฉ ุชู
ุงู
ุฃูู ู
ู ุงูุทุจูุนู ุงูุณุจุจ ููุง ุฅูู ุงูุทูู |
|
|
|
508 |
|
00:38:42,760 --> 00:38:47,140 |
|
ุนูุฏู ุชูุฑุญุงุช ุจุงููู
ูู ุจุงูุชุงูู ุฃููุฏ ุจุณุจุจ ูุฌูุฏ |
|
|
|
509 |
|
00:38:47,140 --> 00:38:53,500 |
|
ุชูุฑุญุงุช ุจุงููู
ู
ุด ูุงุฏุฑุฉ ุชุฃูู ุจุดูู ุทุจูุนู ูุทุจุนุง ูุฐุง |
|
|
|
510 |
|
00:38:53,500 --> 00:38:58,040 |
|
ุฃููุฏ ููุฃุซุฑ ูุฃูู ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุงูููุฑูุง ุจุชุชุฃุซุฑ ุจุงูุบุฐุงุก |
|
|
|
511 |
|
00:38:58,040 --> 00:39:02,520 |
|
ุจุณุจุจ ุนุฏู
ุงููุฏุฑุฉ ุนูู ุชูุงูู ุงูุทุนุงู
ุฃููุฏ ุงูููุฑูุง ุญุชูุฎูุถ |
|
|
|
512 |
|
00:39:02,520 --> 00:39:07,070 |
|
determination of total serum protein and |
|
|
|
513 |
|
00:39:07,070 --> 00:39:10,410 |
|
albumin would be helpful ูู
ูู ูููุณ ุงูู total |
|
|
|
514 |
|
00:39:10,410 --> 00:39:14,470 |
|
protein ูุจูุฐู ุงูุญุงูุฉ ู
ู
ูู ููุงูู ุฅู ุงูู total |
|
|
|
515 |
|
00:39:14,470 --> 00:39:21,350 |
|
protein ุจุฑุถู ู
ูุฎูุถ ูููุฐุง ูููู ุงูุชูููุง ู
ู ู
ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงูู |
|
|
|
516 |
|
00:39:21,350 --> 00:39:25,410 |
|
non-protein nitrogen compounds ููุนุทููู
ุงูู ุนุงููุฉ |
|
|