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1
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ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ ู‡ู†ุฑูƒุฒ
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ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุทุฑู‚ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู„ุชูƒูˆูŠู† ุงู„ุญู„ู‚ุงุช ูˆุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†
3
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ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฅุจุฏุงู„ ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑูˆุงุจุท
4
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ุงู„ุฒูˆุฌูŠุฉ ุจุฃู†ูˆุงุนู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุฏุฃู†ุง ุจุชูุงุนู„ุงุช
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ุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุนู„ู‰ุงู„ุฑูˆุงุจุท ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠุฉ ูˆุจุฏุฃู†ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„
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carbon ุงู„ triple bond carbon ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ
7
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ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู† ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุบุงู„ุจุง ุจุชุญุชู…ู„ ุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠู†
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ูˆุดูˆูู†ุง ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ุจุชุญุชู…ู„ ุงู„ exocyclization ูˆ ุงู„
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endocyclizationุงู„ุงู† ู…ู† ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ุงู„ triple bonds
10
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ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุฌุฏุง ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชูƒุฑุฑ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
11
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organic synthesis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ C triple
12
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bond ุงู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุชูุงุนู„ ุดู‡ูŠุฑ ุฌุฏุง ู„ุงุฒู… ุฅูŠุฏูƒูˆุง ุชุชุฏุฑุจ
13
00:01:20,320 --> 00:01:26,450
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุฃู†ุง ุจุฃูƒุฏ ุฅู† ุญุชู‰ ู…ุณุงุญุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู‡ู… ู„ุง
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ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชู‚ู„ ุจู…ุฌู…ุน ุงู„ุงู…ุชุญุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุจุณุฃู„ ููŠู‡ุง
15
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ุฑุจู…ุง ุนู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุนู„ุงู…ุฉ ุงู„ุงู…ุชุญุงู† ู…ู† ุนู„ุงู…ุฉ
16
00:01:35,330 --> 00:01:40,330
ุงู„ู…ุณุงู‚ู„ ูƒู„ู‡ ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ุฃู†ูƒู… ุฅูŠุด ุชุชุฏุฑุจูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง
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ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„
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ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง cyclization ุฌู…ูŠู„ ูˆุณู‡ู„ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ููŠู‡
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00:01:52,110 --> 00:01:58,910
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ุงู† ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… is more
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positive than the nitrogen ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู…ู† ุงู„
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00:02:02,190 --> 00:02:05,610
electronegativity ูู‡ูŠ ุงู„ electrophilic center
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ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุชุฎูŠู„ู†ุง ู…ุซุงู„ ุฒูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏ
23
00:02:08,470 --> 00:02:13,540
ู†ูŠูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆูุงูŠู„ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠู‡ุงุฌู… ูˆูŠู† ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู‡ุฌูˆู…ุŸุนุงู„ carbon
24
00:02:13,540 --> 00:02:20,200
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ cyclization is a exocyclization
25
00:02:20,200 --> 00:02:23,180
ู‡ุฐุง ุดูŠุก ู…ุชูู‚ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„
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00:02:23,180 --> 00:02:27,720
exocyclization ูˆุฒูˆุฌ ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ุจุชุญุฑูƒ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ N
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00:02:27,720 --> 00:02:32,860
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุทุจุนุง ุฒูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ N minus ุจุชุงุฎุฏ H
28
00:02:32,860 --> 00:02:38,760
ุจุชุตูู‰ NH ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‰ C double bond NH ู‡ู†ุง ุชู…ุช
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00:02:38,760 --> 00:02:43,720
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุทุฉ ุงู„ุฒูˆุฌูŠุฉ ุฃู†ู‡
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00:02:43,720 --> 00:02:47,680
ุงู„ุฑุงุจุทุฉ ุงู„ุฒูˆุฌูŠุฉ ุชุตูŠุฑ ุฃุญุฏูŠุฉ ุฃูู‚ุฏ by bond ุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ
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ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุทุฉ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุทุฉ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠุฉ ุชุตูŠุฑ
32
00:02:51,020 --> 00:02:54,720
ุชู†ุงุฆูŠุฉ ูˆุฃุนู…ู„ two new sigma bonds ุฃู†ุง ุนู…ู„ุชู‡ู… ู‡ุงูŠ
33
00:02:54,720 --> 00:02:58,100
sigma bond ูˆู‡ุงูŠ sigma bond ูู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ูƒุชุตู†ูŠู
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00:02:58,100 --> 00:03:04,240
ูŠุตู†ู ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุชูุงุนู„ ุฅุถุงูุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‰
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00:03:04,240 --> 00:03:09,040
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ c double bond and h ู‡ุฐุง ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุตู†ูู‡ ุงูŠู…ูŠู†
36
00:03:09,990 --> 00:03:14,310
ุงุณู…ู‡ emine ุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ emines ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ุจุชุนู…ู„
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00:03:14,310 --> 00:03:17,950
tautomerism ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุฒูŠ ุงู„ tautomerism ุงู„ู„ูŠ
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ุงุชุนู„ู…ุชูˆู‡ุง ู„ู„ keto enol tautomerism ูุจุชุนู…ู„ enamine
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00:03:24,590 --> 00:03:31,720
ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุจุชู†ุชู‚ู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู‡ู†ุง ู„ูˆ ุจุฏู†ุง
40
00:03:31,720 --> 00:03:36,020
ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู†ุชุทู„ุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงุชุด ุจุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงู„ุฑุงุจุทุฉ
41
00:03:36,020 --> 00:03:40,820
ุจุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ุญุธุฉ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ูˆุญุฑูƒุฉ ุฐุฑุงุช ุญุฑูƒุฉ
42
00:03:40,820 --> 00:03:45,340
ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ูˆุญุฑูƒุฉ ุฐุฑุงุช ุฅุฐุง ุฃู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุฅูŠุดุŸ
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00:03:45,340 --> 00:03:49,980
ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† tautomerism ู„ุฅู† ุงู„ tautomerism ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุชูˆ
44
00:03:49,980 --> 00:03:53,680
ุฐุฑุงุช ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูˆู†ุฒ ุจุชุชุญุฑูƒ ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ ุชูˆุชูˆ ู…ูŠุฑูŠุฒู…
45
00:03:53,680 --> 00:03:59,320
ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุงุญู†ุง ุงู…ูŠู† ุงู†ุงู…ูŠู† ุชูˆุชูˆ ู…ูŠุฑูŠุฒู… ุจูุชุฑุถ ุงู†ู‡ ู…ุฑุช
46
00:03:59,320 --> 00:04:05,560
ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู…ุฑ ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ุงู„ูƒูŠุชูˆ ุงูŠู†ูˆู„ ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ุงู„ุงู† ููŠ
47
00:04:05,560 --> 00:04:09,180
ุงู„ุงู…ูŠู† ุงู†ุงู…ูŠู† ุชูˆุชูˆ ู…ูŠุฑูŠุฒู… ุงู„ more stable ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู…
48
00:04:09,180 --> 00:04:13,360
product is the amineุนูƒุณ ุงู„ keto ูˆ ุงู„ anal ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ
49
00:04:13,360 --> 00:04:17,800
ุงู†ุง ูƒู†ุช ุจุฏู‡ ุงุชุฎูŠู„ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ูˆุงุฒูŠู† ู„ ุงู„ keto ูˆ ุงู„ anal
50
00:04:17,800 --> 00:04:21,800
tautomerism ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ ketone ูˆุทูุฑ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ anal
51
00:04:23,550 --> 00:04:27,130
ูƒูŠุชูˆูŠู†ูˆ ุงู„ุชูˆุชูˆู…ูŠุฑุฒู… ููŠ ุงู„ุงู„ูŠูุงู†ุชูŠูƒ ูƒูˆู…ุจุงูˆู†ุฒ ุงู„ุชูŠ
52
00:04:27,130 --> 00:04:29,270
ู‡ูŠ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ุณุชู‚ู„ ุงู„ูƒูŠุชูˆู†
53
00:04:54,900 --> 00:05:01,120
CNH2 ูˆ ุจู†ุทู„ุจ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงู†ู‡ ุงุนู…ู„ู†ุง ุชุญุถูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ุฐุง
54
00:05:01,120 --> 00:05:05,040
ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุดูุชูˆุง ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ู†ุธุฑ ูˆ ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ู„ูƒูˆุง
55
00:05:05,040 --> 00:05:08,060
ุงุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุชุญุถูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุจุชูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุชููƒุฑูˆุง ุจ retro
56
00:05:08,060 --> 00:05:12,840
synthesis ุน ุทูˆู„ ุจุชูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุชุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง ุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒุงู†ุช C
57
00:05:12,840 --> 00:05:17,300
triple bond N ุทุจุนุง ู…ู† ูˆุงูŠ ุจุฏุฃ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุฌู†ุจู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง
58
00:05:17,300 --> 00:05:21,240
ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ูˆู„ุง ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงูƒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ ุงู„
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00:05:21,240 --> 00:05:25,950
nucleophileูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ุง ู‚ูˆู„ุช ุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ูŠ ู‚ุจูˆุญุงู†ุฉ ุงูŠ
60
00:05:25,950 --> 00:05:30,950
ุฑุงุจุท ุงู„ุงุชูƒูˆุงู†ุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆู„ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงูƒูŠุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุงุถุญ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ
61
00:05:30,950 --> 00:05:35,570
ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุงุฑุฌุน ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‚ู„ุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุงุนู…ู„ูˆู„ูŠ
62
00:05:35,570 --> 00:05:39,610
retro synthesis ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุจุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„
63
00:05:39,610 --> 00:05:44,170
Nucleophile ุงู„ CNH2 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌู†ุจ ุงู„ double bond ุจู…ุนู†ู‰
64
00:05:44,170 --> 00:05:50,810
ุงุฎุฑ ุงู„ enamine ุฃุตู„ู‡ุงnight trial C triple bond N
65
00:05:50,810 --> 00:05:56,090
ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู…ุซุงู„ ุจุชุดูˆููˆู‡ ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุฃุญูˆุงู„
66
00:05:56,090 --> 00:06:02,550
ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุฃุญูˆุงู„ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุฃู† ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑ ุชู‚ู ู‡ู†ุงุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู†ุŒ
67
00:06:02,550 --> 00:06:07,260
ู„ูˆ ู…ุงูƒู†ุด ููŠู‡ุง ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู†ุŒ ุชุนู…ู„ ู‡ุงุชูˆุชูˆ ุจุฑูŠุฒู„ูˆุงุถุญุŸ
68
00:06:07,260 --> 00:06:12,120
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุฃู‚ู ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฅูŠู…ูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุดู‡ูˆุฑ ุทุงู„ู…ุง
69
00:06:12,120 --> 00:06:15,600
ู‡ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุชุงูˆุชูˆู…ูŠู†ุฒู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุฃู† ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„
70
00:06:15,600 --> 00:06:21,260
ุจูŠุณุชู…ุฑ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ ู…ุฑุงุช ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉ ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู…
71
00:06:21,260 --> 00:06:26,150
ู…ุด ู…ู…ูƒู†ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ู ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฅูŠู…ูŠู†ุจุฏูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†
72
00:06:26,150 --> 00:06:29,610
ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุง ุงู„ุนุงุฏูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู…ุฑุช ุนู„ูŠูƒูˆุง ุจุญูŠุงุชูƒูˆุง ุงู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุง
73
00:06:29,610 --> 00:06:35,070
ุงู„ emens they are unstable ูู…ุฑุงุช ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉ ู‡ุชู„ุงุญุธูˆุง
74
00:06:35,070 --> 00:06:40,840
ุงู†ู‡ ุจุชุญูˆู„ูˆุง ุงู„ู‰ C double bond OูƒุชูŠุฑ ู‡ุชู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุฃู†
75
00:06:40,840 --> 00:06:44,880
ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุตููŠ E means ุงู„ E means they are
76
00:06:44,880 --> 00:06:48,620
unstable ูุถู…ู† acidic conditions ุฃูˆ basic
77
00:06:48,620 --> 00:06:51,840
conditions ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ู‡ุชู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุฃู†ู‡ ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง
78
00:06:51,840 --> 00:06:58,200
ู‡ูŠ E mean ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุชุจุช ููŠ ุงู„ product ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠูˆุงุถุญุŸ
79
00:06:58,200 --> 00:07:02,500
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ amine hydrolysis amine hydrolysis ุงู† ุงู„
80
00:07:02,500 --> 00:07:06,680
amine ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ุงุช ู„ู‚ูˆุง ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ ุงูŠุด C double point
81
00:07:06,680 --> 00:07:11,980
O ุจุงู„ุฐุงุช ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุด ุจูŠู…ูƒู†ู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุชูˆุชูˆู…ูŠุฑูŠุฒู… ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง
82
00:07:11,980 --> 00:07:19,390
ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุจุชุดูˆููˆู‡ ูˆุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุขู† ู†ุดูˆู ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ู‡ุฐู‡
83
00:07:19,390 --> 00:07:23,810
ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ููƒุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ cyclization ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ night trials ู„ูˆ
84
00:07:23,810 --> 00:07:28,150
ุงุญู†ุง ุงุชูŠู†ุง ูˆ ุงุชุทู„ุนู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ูˆ ุฎู„ุทู†ุงู‡
85
00:07:28,150 --> 00:07:31,870
ู…ุฑูƒุจูŠู† ุงู„ุงู† ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง good leaving group ุงู„ู„ูŠ
86
00:07:31,870 --> 00:07:37,990
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ ethoxy group ู…ุน ุงู„ NH2 ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ NH2 ุจุชู‡ุงุฌู… ูˆ
87
00:07:37,990 --> 00:07:43,550
ุจุชุญู„ ู…ุญู„ ุงู„ ethoxy group ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
88
00:07:43,550 --> 00:07:44,450
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ R
89
00:07:47,080 --> 00:07:51,560
CNHCN ู…ุญุทูˆุท ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุงุฆุฑุฉ ู„ุญุธุฉ ุงู†ุง ุญุงุทูŠุชู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุงุฆุฑุฉ
90
00:07:51,560 --> 00:07:55,940
ุนุดุงู† ุชุนุฑููˆุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ุงู„ุงู† ุงู†ุง ุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠ C triple
91
00:07:55,940 --> 00:08:01,590
bond N whatever ุงู„ุงู† ู‡ูŠ ู†ูŠูƒู„ูŠูˆูุงูŠู„ ูˆู‡ูŠC triple
92
00:08:01,590 --> 00:08:05,250
bond N ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูŠู†ูŠูˆ ูƒู„ ูŠูˆ ูุงูŠู„ ุจุฏู‡
93
00:08:05,250 --> 00:08:11,130
ูŠู‡ุงุฌู… ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ C triple bond N ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุตู
94
00:08:11,130 --> 00:08:15,850
ุงูŠุด N H 2 ูˆูŠุนู…ู„ double bond ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูˆู„ ู…ุง ุจุฏู‡ ูŠู‡ุงุฌู…
95
00:08:15,850 --> 00:08:22,530
ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ู‡ุชุตูŠุฑ double bond N H ู„ุงู† ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ C
96
00:08:22,530 --> 00:08:29,890
H ู…ุฌุงูˆุฑุฉ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงุทูˆู„ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ N H 2ูˆ double
97
00:08:29,890 --> 00:08:36,090
bond ู‡ู†ุง ุญุถุฑู†ุง ุงู…ูŠุฏุงุฒูˆู„ ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุง ุญุถุฑู†ุง ุงู…ูŠุฏุงุฒูˆู„
98
00:08:36,090 --> 00:08:39,970
ูุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุตูˆุฏ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู†ุง ู…ุด ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰
99
00:08:39,970 --> 00:08:44,270
ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุชุฌู‡ูŠุฒ ู„ูƒู† ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุงู„ cycleization ุงู„ู„ู‰
100
00:08:44,270 --> 00:08:48,290
ููŠู‡ุง nucleophile ู‡ุงุฌู… ุนู„ู‰ C triple bond ุฃู†ู‡ุง
101
00:08:48,290 --> 00:08:49,490
ูˆู„ุงุญุธูˆุง
102
00:08:52,440 --> 00:08:56,180
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ุงู„ุงู† ุงุชุด ุชูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌู…ุฏ ุจุงู„ุจู†ุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
103
00:08:56,180 --> 00:09:01,940
ุงู„ุงู†ุงู…ูŠู† ู‡ูŠ ู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅุบู„ุงู‚ ุนู„ู‰ C triple bond N ูุงูŠู†
104
00:09:01,940 --> 00:09:07,140
ุจุชุดูˆููˆุง ุงู„ุงู†ุงู…ูŠู† ุชููƒูŠุฑูƒู… ุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุตู„ุง ูƒุงู†ุช C triple
105
00:09:07,140 --> 00:09:12,980
bond N ุงู„ุขู†
106
00:09:12,980 --> 00:09:18,060
ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ุฅุถุงููŠุฉ ู„ูˆ ุงุชุทู„ุนู†ุง ู…ุซู„ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง
107
00:09:18,060 --> 00:09:23,240
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุนู†ุฏูŠ activated methylene groupุณูŠ ุงุชุด ุชูˆ
108
00:09:23,240 --> 00:09:28,400
ุฌู…ุชู† ุชุงู† ุณูŠ ุฏุงุจู„ ุจูˆู†ุฏ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ ู…ุงู„ูˆู†ูŠ ุชุฑุงูŠู„ ุฒูŠ ุงู„
109
00:09:28,400 --> 00:09:32,200
ู…ุงู„ูˆู†ูŠูƒ ุฅูŠุณุชุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ CH2 ู‡ู†ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฅูŠุด highly
110
00:09:32,200 --> 00:09:36,960
activated ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ base ุญุชู‰ ุถุนูŠูุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุณุญุจ ูˆ
111
00:09:36,960 --> 00:09:42,600
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู‡ุงุฌู… ู‡ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุณูŠ ุฏุงุจู„ ุจูˆู†ุฏ or ูƒูŠุชูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง
112
00:09:42,600 --> 00:09:44,120
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
113
00:09:46,880 --> 00:09:50,500
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ C ู…ุชุตู„ ููŠู‡ุง ุชู†ุชูŠู† CNN ู‡ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ
114
00:09:50,500 --> 00:09:55,940
ุญุทู†ุงู‡ ุจุฏุงุฆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ู†ุง ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง C double bond O
115
00:09:55,940 --> 00:10:00,500
ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุชู… ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ู…ู† CH ู…ุงูŠู†ูˆุณ ุดูˆ ุจุฏู‡ ุชุตูŠุฑ
116
00:10:00,500 --> 00:10:05,380
OH okay ุนู…ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุทุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
117
00:10:05,380 --> 00:10:10,760
ุงุญู†ุง ุนู…ู„ู†ุงู‡ุง ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุทุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฉ
118
00:10:10,760 --> 00:10:15,320
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู‡ู…ู†ุง ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุงู„cycleization ุงู„ nucleophile
119
00:10:15,320 --> 00:10:22,510
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูˆ C triple bond N ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู‡ุชุนู…ู„ ุงูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆ ุชุญูˆู„
120
00:10:22,510 --> 00:10:29,470
ุงู„ู‰ ุงู†ุงู…ูŠู† ูˆ ุทุจุนุง ุงูƒูŠุฏ ุงู„ O ุงุชุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุง ุงุชุด ู…ู†
121
00:10:29,470 --> 00:10:36,910
ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุชุญุฏุซ ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆุงุถุญ ูุจุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏู‰ by role derivative
122
00:10:36,910 --> 00:10:41,210
ุจุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏู‰ by role derivative ู„ุญุธุฉ ุงู† ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช
123
00:10:41,210 --> 00:10:44,230
ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุฃูˆู„ addition ุนู„ู‰ C triple
124
00:10:44,230 --> 00:10:49,780
bond Oูƒุฎุทูˆุฉ ุชุญุถูŠุฑูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ Cyclization
125
00:10:49,780 --> 00:10:53,160
ุนู„ู‰ C triple bond N
126
00:10:59,510 --> 00:11:06,670
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ู„ุฏูŠ ุซูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูŠุง C double bond S NH2
127
00:11:06,670 --> 00:11:12,150
NH2 ุซูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูŠุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุซูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูŠุง ู„ู…ุง ุชุชูุงุนู„ ุนู„ู‰ ููŠู† ุงู„ CH
128
00:11:12,150 --> 00:11:17,690
PR CN ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ PR is a good leaving group
129
00:11:17,690 --> 00:11:22,250
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‰ substitution
130
00:11:22,250 --> 00:11:30,360
ูุงู†ุง ู„ูˆ ุงุชูŠุช ุงุชุทู„ุนุช ู‡ู†ุงู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู…ุนุงูŠุง ุงู† ุงู„ ู†ูŠุชุฑูˆุฌูŠู†
131
00:11:30,360 --> 00:11:35,880
ู‡ู… ุงู„ูŠูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆูุงูŠู„ ูˆ ุงู„ุณู„ูุฑ ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ูŠูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆูุงูŠู„ ูˆ ู…ุฑุงุช
132
00:11:35,880 --> 00:11:41,540
ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู„ู…ุง ุจู„ุชู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุณู„ูุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ู†ูŠุชุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ุงู„ุณู„ูุฑ ุงู‚ูˆู‰ ุงู†ู‡
133
00:11:41,540 --> 00:11:45,800
ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ูƒู†ูŠูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆูุงูŠู„ ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ู‡ู†ุง ุชู… ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„
134
00:11:45,800 --> 00:11:51,320
ุงูŠุด ุงู„ุณู„ูุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุซูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูŠุง ุงู„ู„ู‰
135
00:11:51,320 --> 00:11:56,830
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู‡ู†ุงู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุงู† C double bond S N H 2 N H 2
136
00:11:56,830 --> 00:12:02,090
ุทุจุนุง ุจุฅุญุฏู‰ ุตูˆุฑู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง S H double bond N H
137
00:12:02,090 --> 00:12:08,250
ู…ุด ุตุนุจ ุฅุทู„ุงู‚ุง ู†ุชุฎูŠู„ู‡ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ุณู„ูุฑ ู‡ุงุฌู… ุทุฑุฏ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„
138
00:12:08,250 --> 00:12:14,570
PR ู‡ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ููŠู† ุงู„ C H C triple bond N ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
139
00:12:14,570 --> 00:12:19,190
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูŠุง ุงุชูุงุนู„ุช ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุฅูŠุด
140
00:12:19,830 --> 00:12:24,830
ุงู„ุณู„ูุฑ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง .. ุฏุงุฆู…ุง .. ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠู„ุชู‚ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูƒูˆุง ุณู„ูุฑ ูˆ
141
00:12:24,830 --> 00:12:30,650
ู†ูŠุชุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ูƒู†ูŠูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆูุงูŠู„ ูุงูƒุฑูˆุง ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุงู† ุงู„ุณู„ูุฑ ุจู†ุงูุณ
142
00:12:30,650 --> 00:12:38,170
ุงู„ู†ูŠุชุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ูˆุจู‚ูˆุฉ .. ูˆุจู‚ูˆุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู†ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุชูุงุนู„
143
00:12:38,170 --> 00:12:43,610
ูƒู†ูŠูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆูุงูŠู„ ุงู„ุงู† ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ N-H ูˆ C-Triple bond N
144
00:12:43,610 --> 00:12:47,870
ุดูˆ ุจุฏู‡ ุชุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ C-Triple bond N ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ N-H2
145
00:12:47,870 --> 00:12:53,710
Enamineุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ู†ุง ู†ูุตู„ู‡ุง ุฎู„ุงุต ุงุญู†ุง ุตุฑู†ุง ู…ุชูู‚ูŠู† ุงู†ู‡
146
00:12:53,710 --> 00:12:59,090
ุงู„ู€ C triple point N ุจุชุตูŠุฑุงู†ุงู…ูŠู† ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุงู†ุงู…ูŠู†
147
00:12:59,090 --> 00:13:04,650
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุจุชู… ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ cycleization ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง
148
00:13:04,650 --> 00:13:10,450
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุจุชุงูŠุน ู„ูŠู‡ ู„ูˆ ุจุชุชุงุจุนูˆุง ุฃูŠุถุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ
149
00:13:10,450 --> 00:13:17,350
ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุจุชูู‚ุฏ ุนู†ุฏ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ O ุฅุซู„
150
00:13:17,350 --> 00:13:22,250
ุจูŠุดุจูƒูˆุง ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุฌุฒูŠุฆูŠู† ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ู†ุง ุงู† ู†ูุฑุฌูŠูƒู… ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง
151
00:13:22,250 --> 00:13:29,610
ุงู„ุฌุฒุกุงู„ู€ CNCH2 NH2 ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุงุชูุงุนู„ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ู‡ุฐู‡
152
00:13:29,610 --> 00:13:35,670
ุงู„ู†ูŠุชุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ุทุฑุฏ O ุฅุซู„ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ู‡ุฐุง
153
00:13:35,670 --> 00:13:43,630
ุงู„ุฃุฒุฑู‚CN CH2 NH ุทุฑุฏ ุงู„ O ุฅุซู„ ูˆ ุฃุนุทุงู†ุง C double
154
00:13:43,630 --> 00:13:49,570
bond NH CO2 ุฅุซู„ ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ ู†ูŠูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆูุงูŠู„ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ CN
155
00:13:49,570 --> 00:13:53,850
ุดูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุชุดูˆูู‡ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ู†ุทู„ุน ุงู†ุงู…ูŠู† ู‡ุงูŠ
156
00:13:53,850 --> 00:14:00,880
ุงู„ุงู†ุงู…ูŠู† ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุงู†ุงู…ูŠู†ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ุฅู„ุง ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†
157
00:14:00,880 --> 00:14:06,200
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ูุณู‡ ูŠุชุฏุฑุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุจุงู„ุฌู„ู… ู„ู„ุฑุตุงุต ูˆ ุจุงู„ูˆุฑู‚ุฉ ู„ุญุฏ
158
00:14:06,200 --> 00:14:11,780
ู…ุง ูŠุชู‚ู† ุฅุฌุฑุงุก ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ night trials ูˆ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
159
00:14:11,780 --> 00:14:16,200
ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุชูุงุนู„ ุดู‡ูŠุฑ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ู„ู…ุง ุชุดูˆููˆุง ุงู„ amino
160
00:14:16,200 --> 00:14:20,380
group ุฌู†ุจ ุงู„ double bond ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุชููƒูŠุฑูƒูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„
161
00:14:20,380 --> 00:14:25,020
synthesis ู„ู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ุฅูŠุด ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† ุฃุตู„ู‡ุง
162
00:14:25,020 --> 00:14:31,100
night trial ูƒุงู† ุฃุตู„ู‡ุง night trialุงู„ุงู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง
163
00:14:31,100 --> 00:14:34,940
cyclization ุชุงู†ูŠ ุดุจูŠู‡ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ cyclization
164
00:14:34,940 --> 00:14:40,520
cyclization onto ุงูŠุฒูˆ ู†ูŠุชุฑุงู„ุงุช ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ ุงูŠุฒูˆ
165
00:14:40,520 --> 00:14:45,240
ู†ูŠุชุฑุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ู…ุงุฎุฏูŠู† ุงู„ุตูŠุบุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ R N triple
166
00:14:45,240 --> 00:14:51,140
bond C ุงู„ ู†ูŠุชุฑุงู„ุงุช R C triple bond N ู‡ู†ุง ุงู†ุนูƒุณูˆุง
167
00:14:51,140 --> 00:14:54,440
ุงู„ุฐุฑุงุช ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ ู†ูŠุชุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุงู„
168
00:14:54,440 --> 00:14:59,370
ู†ูŠุชุฑุงู„ุงุช C triple bond N ุงู„ุงูŠุฒูˆ ู†ูŠุชุฑุงู„ุงุชand triple
169
00:14:59,370 --> 00:15:04,650
bond C ุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ isonitriles ุทุจุนุง ู„ู‡ุง resonance
170
00:15:04,650 --> 00:15:09,290
structures ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู† ู‡ุฐูŠ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุณุงู„ุจ ุงูˆ ู‡ุฐูŠ ุงู„
171
00:15:09,290 --> 00:15:13,130
ู†ูŠุชุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ ูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† resonance structure
172
00:15:13,130 --> 00:15:20,090
ุชุงู†ูŠ ู…ุชุนุงุฏู„ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ isonitrile ุงู†ุง
173
00:15:20,090 --> 00:15:26,190
ุจุญุทู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ุนุดุงู† ู†ุชุนู„ู… ูƒูŠู ู†ูุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ูŠุชู… ุนู„ู‰
174
00:15:26,190 --> 00:15:31,480
ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู†ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ูŠุชู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ูˆุงู„ู€
175
00:15:31,480 --> 00:15:37,460
cyclization is endocyclization ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ู„ูˆ
176
00:15:37,460 --> 00:15:41,120
ุงุชุฎูŠู„ุช ุงู† ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุงูŠุฒูˆ ู†ูŠุชุฑุงู„ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุจุนุถ
177
00:15:41,120 --> 00:15:45,100
ูŠุณุชุบุฑุจ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงู†ู‡ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ู†ูŠูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆูุงู„ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠู‡ุงุฌู…
178
00:15:45,100 --> 00:15:49,940
ุนู„ู‰ minus ูŠุนู†ูŠ minus ุนู„ู‰ minus ู„ูƒู† ู…ุงุจุฏูŠุด ุฃู†ุณู‰ ุงู†ู‡
179
00:15:49,940 --> 00:15:55,490
ููŠ resonance structures ู…ุด minusูˆุงุถุญุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุนุธู…
180
00:15:55,490 --> 00:15:58,310
ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ู„ู…ุง ุจุชูƒุชุจ ู…ุง ุจุชุญุทุด ู‡ุฐุง resonance structure
181
00:15:58,310 --> 00:16:04,690
ุจุชุญุท ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ุทุงู„ุจ ูŠุชุญูŠุฑ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุฃุฎุฐ
182
00:16:04,690 --> 00:16:09,530
ู‚ูˆุงุนุฏ ุนุงู…ุฉ ุงู†ู‡ ู„ุฃ ุงู„ minus ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุฌุจ ู„ุฃ ู„ุฃ
183
00:16:09,530 --> 00:16:13,290
ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง resonance structure ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุชุนุงุฏู„ ู…ุด
184
00:16:13,290 --> 00:16:19,000
..ู…ุด minus ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ูˆูŠู† ุจุฏู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
185
00:16:19,000 --> 00:16:22,880
carbon ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุทุจุนุง ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุชู… ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุฒูˆุฌ
186
00:16:22,880 --> 00:16:27,100
ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุตูู‡ CH ู‡ุฐุง ุฒูˆุฌ
187
00:16:27,100 --> 00:16:29,400
ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุตูู‡ .. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏู‡ ุฃุนู…ู„
188
00:16:29,400 --> 00:16:33,920
ุฑุงุจุทุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุน ุงู„ oxygen ู‡ุฐุง ุฒูˆุฌ ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุตู
189
00:16:33,920 --> 00:16:37,720
ุฅูŠุด CH ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ isonitry ุงู„ุญูŠูˆู†
190
00:16:40,700 --> 00:16:44,260
ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุทู„ุนู†ุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุจุฑุง ุงู„ุดุงุดุฉ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูˆ ูŠุตูŠุฑ
191
00:16:44,260 --> 00:16:50,860
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุฅูŠุด CH
192
00:16:50,860 --> 00:16:57,020
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูˆ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู†ุฏูŠ CH ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุณุงุณ ุฃู† ุงู„ H ู‡ุฐู‡
193
00:16:57,020 --> 00:17:02,280
ุจุฏุฃ ุชูŠุฌูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุจุฏู„ ุฒูˆุฌ ุงู„ุฃู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุด ู‡ุชุจู‚ู‰ C
194
00:17:02,280 --> 00:17:08,140
minus ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุนู…ู„ ุฑุงุจุทุฉ ูุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ู„ู…ุง
195
00:17:08,140 --> 00:17:13,110
ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุดูˆูู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ู†ุธุฑ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ู…
196
00:17:13,110 --> 00:17:17,290
ูŠููƒุฑูˆุง ุจุงู„ retro synthesis ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง ุงู†ู‡ู… ุจุฏู‡ู…
197
00:17:17,290 --> 00:17:23,310
ูŠุญุถุฑูˆุง ู‡ูŠู†ูŠูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆูุงูŠู„ ุจุนุฏูŠู† CN ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ู†ูŠูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆูุงูŠู„
198
00:17:23,310 --> 00:17:28,210
CNN ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ูƒูˆุง ุชุตูŠุฑูˆุง ุชุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง ุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ CNN
199
00:17:28,210 --> 00:17:31,250
ูƒุงู†ุช ุงูŠุฒูˆู†ูŠุชุฑุงู„
200
00:17:32,070 --> 00:17:36,230
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Eucleophile ุดุงุจูƒ ุจู€ C double bond N
201
00:17:36,230 --> 00:17:42,970
ูุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฅูŠุด ุฃุตู„ู‡ุงุŸ Isonitrile ูˆุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
202
00:17:42,970 --> 00:17:48,810
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฃู†ูู„ุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุฃู†ูู„ุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ cyclization ุนู„ู‰
203
00:17:48,810 --> 00:17:56,630
ุงู„ isonitrile ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ููŠ
204
00:17:56,630 --> 00:17:59,490
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูุฑูƒู‘ุจ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ isonitrile ุนุงุฑู ุฅู† ุงู„ู€
205
00:17:59,490 --> 00:18:03,110
cyclisation ุจุฏูˆ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุชุตูŠุฑ double bond
206
00:18:03,110 --> 00:18:06,370
CH cyclisation ุจุฏูˆ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุชุตูŠุฑ double
207
00:18:06,370 --> 00:18:11,730
bond CH ู‡ู†ุง ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ CH2 ุฌู†ุจู‡ุง R ูˆ double bond
208
00:18:11,730 --> 00:18:17,610
ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุฅู† ู‡ุฐู‡ CH2 ู…ุด activated methylene group ุฃูˆ
209
00:18:17,610 --> 00:18:21,130
ู…ุด highly activated methylene group ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุง
210
00:18:21,130 --> 00:18:27,180
ู„ุชุนุฑูุงู„ู…ุณุชุญูŠู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูŠุด ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุงู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
211
00:18:27,180 --> 00:18:31,630
base ุงู‚ูˆู‰ ู…ู† base ูˆ ุจู†ุฏุฑุณ ุงู„ strength of basesูŠูˆู…
212
00:18:31,630 --> 00:18:34,390
ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุงู„ Malonic Easter ุจุงู„ Sodium
213
00:18:34,390 --> 00:18:37,130
Carbonate ูˆู„ุง ุจุงู„ุจุฑูŠุฏูŠู„ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ bases ุงู„ู„ู‰
214
00:18:37,130 --> 00:18:43,270
ุถุนูŠูุฉ ุจุดูŠู„ ู…ู†ู‡ ุงู„ protons ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุตุนุจุฉ ุจุตูŠุฑ
215
00:18:43,270 --> 00:18:46,510
ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ lithoxide ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุฃุตุนุจ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ ู„ู‡ุง
216
00:18:46,510 --> 00:18:52,390
ุงู„ hydrides ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ ู„ู‡ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุงู„ LDA ู‡ุฐุง
217
00:18:52,390 --> 00:18:57,990
ุงู„ LDA ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู‡ูˆ Lithium Dioisopropyl Amideู‡ุฐุง
218
00:18:57,990 --> 00:19:01,090
ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุงู„ุงุตู„ูŠ ุชูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ู…ุงุฑ ุนู„ูŠูƒูˆุง ุงูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
219
00:19:01,090 --> 00:19:05,870
ุชุชุนู„ู…ูˆุง lithium diisopropyl amine ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ
220
00:19:05,870 --> 00:19:10,990
commonly abbreviated LDA is a chemical compound
221
00:19:10,990 --> 00:19:16,530
with this formula ุงู‡ู… ุดุบู„ู‡ ููŠู‡ it is used as a
222
00:19:16,530 --> 00:19:22,210
strong baseูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆูŠู† ุจู†ุดูˆูู‡ ูˆ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ ุงูŠุด strong
223
00:19:22,210 --> 00:19:26,830
base lithium diisopropyl amide ุทุงู„ู…ุง strong base
224
00:19:26,830 --> 00:19:32,070
ู‡ูŠุดุชุบู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู„
225
00:19:32,070 --> 00:19:36,730
carbon enucleophile in this case ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ุนู…ู„ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡
226
00:19:36,730 --> 00:19:41,070
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ carbon enucleophile ุงู„ุขู† ุจุจุณุงุทุฉ ุงุญู†ุง
227
00:19:41,070 --> 00:19:44,630
ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุชู†ููŠุฐ ุงู„ุฅุบู„ุงู‚ ูƒูŠู ุงู„ enucleophile ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
228
00:19:44,630 --> 00:19:51,480
carbon ุจุชุตูŠุฑ double bond ูˆ CHูˆุงุถุญุŸ ู„ู„ู€ nucleophile
229
00:19:51,480 --> 00:19:55,600
ู‡ุฌูˆู…ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ูˆ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ triple bond ูˆ double
230
00:19:55,600 --> 00:20:03,140
bond ูˆ CH ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุซุงู„ ุฃุนุทุงู†ุง in those derivatives ู‡ุฐุง
231
00:20:03,140 --> 00:20:06,560
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุฃุนุทุงู†ุง in those derivatives ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู†
232
00:20:06,560 --> 00:20:14,120
ุงู„ู…ุณุชุนู…ู„ ูƒุงู† ู‡ูˆ ู„ู„ nucleophile ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุชู„ุงุญุธูˆุง
233
00:20:14,120 --> 00:20:19,920
ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ู„ุงุญุธุฉ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ ุงูŠุดู†ุงู‚ุต ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุณุจุนูŠู†
234
00:20:19,920 --> 00:20:24,500
ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ู…ุฆูˆูŠุฉ ูƒู…ุง ูŠุจุฏูˆ ุนุดุงู† ูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ูŠุณูŠุทุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„
235
00:20:24,500 --> 00:20:27,920
condition ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุจุนุถ ูŠุฌูŠ ูŠุชุณุงุกู„ ู„ูŠุด ู†ุงู‚ุต
236
00:20:27,920 --> 00:20:32,200
ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุณุจุนูŠู† ู„ูŠุด ู…ุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู†ุงู‚ุต ุชู…ุงู†ูŠู† ูˆู„ุง ู†ุงู‚ุต
237
00:20:32,200 --> 00:20:40,200
ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุณุจุนูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุณุจุนูŠู† ู…ู‚ุฏุณุฉ ูˆุงุถุญุŸ
238
00:20:40,200 --> 00:20:45,200
ุงู„ุขู† ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุงุช ุจุญูŠุงุชูƒูˆุง ู‡ุชู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุฃู†ู‡
239
00:20:45,200 --> 00:20:51,530
ุจุชู†ุนู…ู„ ุนู†ุฏ ู†ุงู‚ุต ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุณุจุนูŠู†ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ 78 ู…ุด ู…ู‚ุฏุณุฉ
240
00:20:51,530 --> 00:20:58,430
ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ูˆุณูŠู„ุฉ ุชุจุฑูŠุฏ ุณู‡ู„ุฉ ู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ุชุจุฑูŠุฏ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡
241
00:20:58,430 --> 00:21:02,770
ุงู„ูˆุณูŠู„ุฉ ุจุชุนุทูŠ ู†ุงู‚ุต 78 ูู‡ูˆ ุจุงุณุชุนู…ู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ูุงุฑู‚
242
00:21:02,770 --> 00:21:06,230
ูƒุชูŠุฑ ูƒุงู† ู„ูˆ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุงู‚ุต 80 ูˆู„ุง ู†ุงู‚ุต 70 ูˆู„ุง ู†ุงู‚ุต
243
00:21:06,230 --> 00:21:11,570
85 ู„ูƒู† ูˆุณูŠู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชุจุฑูŠุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ูˆู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ
244
00:21:11,570 --> 00:21:16,680
ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑุงุช ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ range ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุจุฑูŠุฏ ุงุจุชุนุฏ
245
00:21:16,680 --> 00:21:24,700
ุชู†ุงู‚ุต 78 ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุณูŠู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชุจุฑูŠุฏ ุดูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
246
00:21:24,700 --> 00:21:30,940
ุงู„ dry ice ู„ุฃ ุงู„ ู†ูŠุชุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ุงู„ุณุงุฆู„ ุจู†ุฒู„ูƒูˆุง ู„ู†ุงู‚ุต 150
247
00:21:30,940 --> 00:21:36,920
ูˆ ู†ุงู‚ุต 200 ุงู„ liquid nitrogen ุจู†ุฒู„ ู„ู†ุงู‚ุต 200 ูƒุชูŠุฑ
248
00:21:38,040 --> 00:21:43,040
ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ dry ice ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู†
249
00:21:43,040 --> 00:21:47,040
ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุตู„ุจุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจุชู„ุฌุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑุงุช
250
00:21:47,040 --> 00:21:51,080
ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุชู„ุฌ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู†ุจุงุน ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ุชู„ุงุฌุงุช ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู‚ุทุน
251
00:21:51,080 --> 00:21:53,920
ู…ู†ู‡ ูˆ ุจูŠุญุทูˆู‡ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุญุทูˆู‡ุง ุจ solvent
252
00:21:53,920 --> 00:22:02,080
ูู‡ุฐุง ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ู†ุงู‚ุต 78 ูู…ู…ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„
253
00:22:02,080 --> 00:22:08,040
ุชุณู…ุนูˆุง ุงู„ุจู†ูŠ ุขุฏู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุดุฑุญ ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏู‡
254
00:22:08,040 --> 00:22:12,220
ูŠุญูƒูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠูู‡ู… ู…ุตุทู„ุญุงุช ุงู„ุนู„ู… ุชุจุนู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
255
00:22:12,220 --> 00:22:16,640
ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุฌูŠ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู†ู‡ this reaction using a strong base
256
00:22:16,640 --> 00:22:21,600
in a dry ice ุดูˆู ูƒูŠู ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุชูƒู„ู…ุจุฏูŠูˆุด
257
00:22:21,600 --> 00:22:24,660
ูŠู‚ูˆู„ lithium di isopropyl amide lithium di
258
00:22:24,660 --> 00:22:28,700
isopropyl amide finally is a strong base ู†ุงู‚ุต
259
00:22:28,700 --> 00:22:32,960
ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุณุจุนูŠู† is a dry ice ูุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ู…ุง
260
00:22:32,960 --> 00:22:36,840
ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ using a strong base in a dry ice
261
00:22:36,840 --> 00:22:42,460
produces the carbanion which attacks the
262
00:22:42,460 --> 00:22:46,640
isonitrile and cyclosis to endure ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
263
00:22:46,640 --> 00:22:47,260
ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉุŸ
264
00:22:52,680 --> 00:23:00,300
ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุซุงู„ ุชุงู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠ isonitrile ุฌู†ุจู‡ุง CH2 ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู‡ุฐู‡
265
00:23:00,300 --> 00:23:03,680
ุงู„ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ุดู‡ูˆุฑุฉ ููŠ isonitrile cyclization ุงู†
266
00:23:03,680 --> 00:23:08,760
ู†ุฌูŠุจ ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ุงู„ isonitrile ุฌู†ุจู‡ุง CH2 ุงู„ CH2 ุงู„ู„ูŠ
267
00:23:08,760 --> 00:23:12,160
ุฌู†ุจ ุงู„ isonitrile is activated methylene group
268
00:23:12,160 --> 00:23:16,860
ูˆุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ู†ุง base ู„ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง
269
00:23:16,860 --> 00:23:22,530
ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ู†ุง base ู‡ุชุณุญุจ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุจุฑูˆุชูˆู† ู‡ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูƒุงู„ู€ Ion
270
00:23:22,530 --> 00:23:27,290
ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุถูŠู ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฑุงูƒุจุงุช ุฒูŠ C double bond
271
00:23:27,290 --> 00:23:30,430
O ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุชุฎูŠู„ู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ C double bond
272
00:23:30,430 --> 00:23:34,650
Y ู‡ูŠ C double bond O ู‡ูŠุถูŠู ุจุงู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ Ion
273
00:23:34,650 --> 00:23:44,140
ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ ูˆ ูŠุนู…ู„ Y minusุงู„ุงู† ุฃูˆ O minus ุงู„ Y minus
274
00:23:44,140 --> 00:23:48,520
ูˆูŠู† ุชุณูƒูŠุฑุฉ ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ C ุจุชุตูŠุฑ C double bond N
275
00:23:48,520 --> 00:23:57,360
ู…ุน H ูˆุงุถุญ ุทุจุนุง ู‡ู†ุง ุนู…ู„ ุฃูˆู„ ุฅุด ุงู„ุฅุบู„ุงู‚ ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุฌุงุจ
276
00:23:57,360 --> 00:24:03,240
ุงู„ hydrogen ุจุญูŠุซ ุฃู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฅุด ู‡ุชุตูู‰ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุญุตู„ุฉ
277
00:24:03,240 --> 00:24:09,800
ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู„ู€ isonitrile C double bond NH ูˆุฌู†ุจู‡ุง
278
00:24:09,800 --> 00:24:18,500
ู†ูŠูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆูุงูŠู„ ู‡ุฐูŠ ุฃุตู„ู‡ุง N triple bond C ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ Y ู‡ูˆ
279
00:24:18,500 --> 00:24:24,180
ุฃูŠุด ู„ู„ู†ูŠูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆูุงูŠู„ ุงู„ Y ู‡ูˆ ู„ู„ู†ูŠูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆูุงูŠู„
280
00:24:26,960 --> 00:24:30,920
ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ .. ูƒุชูŠุฑ
281
00:24:30,920 --> 00:24:37,800
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฒูŠ ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู…ุซู„ุง ICH2 Isonitril ุฌู†ุจ
282
00:24:37,800 --> 00:24:43,520
ุงู„ุชูˆุณูŠู„ ุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ TS ู…ุงู†ูุนุด ูƒูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠูŠู† ุชู‚ุฑุคูˆู‡ุง ุงูŠุดุŸ
283
00:24:43,520 --> 00:24:49,960
TS ุงูŠุด ู„ุงุฒู… ุชู‚ุฑุคูˆู‡ุงุŸ ุชูˆุณูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠ ูŠุชุฐูƒุฑ
284
00:24:49,960 --> 00:24:57,700
ุงู„ุชูˆุณูŠู„ group ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุชุชูˆุณู„ ูˆ ุจุฑูˆุณู„ ูˆ ู…ูŠุณู„ ูˆ
285
00:24:57,700 --> 00:25:02,900
ุชุฑูŠูู„ ููŠ ุงู„ organic ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุชู„ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡
286
00:25:02,900 --> 00:25:10,380
S double bond O double bond O ู…ุด ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุจุฏู†ุงู‡
287
00:25:10,380 --> 00:25:16,800
ุจุงุฑุง ุชู„ูˆูŠู† ุณุงู„ููˆู†ูƒ ุฃุณุฏ ุชูˆุณู„ ูˆ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุจุฑูˆู… ุจุฑูˆุณู„
288
00:25:16,800 --> 00:25:23,760
ุงู„ุฎู„ุงุตุฉ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุจูŠุณุงุนุฏูˆุง ููŠ ุซุงุจุช ุฅูŠุดุงู„ุดุญู†ุฉ ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจุฉ
289
00:25:23,760 --> 00:25:27,600
ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุจุฏู‡ ุชุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ุงู† ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู…ูŠุซูŠู„ูŠู† ุฌุฑูˆุจ ุงู„ู„ู‰
290
00:25:27,600 --> 00:25:32,420
ุฌู†ุจ ุงู„ isonitrile ูˆุงู„ุชูˆุณู„ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ูƒูŠู ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ ู„ู…ุง
291
00:25:32,420 --> 00:25:36,980
ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจุฏู‡ ูŠูู‡ู… ุฃู†ู‡ ู‡ุงู† ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ุงูŠูˆู† ุณุงู„ุจ ูˆู‡ุฏูŠ
292
00:25:36,980 --> 00:25:42,720
activated ู…ุซูŠู„ูŠู† ุฌุฑูˆุจ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฌู†ุจู‡ุง ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู†
293
00:25:42,720 --> 00:25:46,840
ุงู„ุงูŠูˆู† ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูŠุตูŠู„ู‡ stabilization ุจุงู„
294
00:25:46,840 --> 00:25:50,840
resonance ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงุทู„ุนูˆุง ุงู„ base ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ู‡ุง
295
00:25:54,100 --> 00:25:59,880
ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ูƒุฑุจูˆู†ูŠุช weak base ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุณุจุจ ุฅู†ู‡ ู‚ุฏุฑ
296
00:25:59,880 --> 00:26:04,780
ูŠุณุชุนู…ู„ weak base ุฅู†ู‡ ุฌู†ุจ ุงู„ู€Tussle group ุฅู†ู‡ ู„ู…ุง
297
00:26:04,780 --> 00:26:09,200
ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฃูŠูˆู† ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุฎู„ูŠู‡ุง
298
00:26:09,200 --> 00:26:12,360
ุฌู…ุนุงู„ุฏู‡ุงุฏ ุฃูˆ ูƒูŠุชูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃูŠูˆู† ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ is stabilized
299
00:26:12,360 --> 00:26:15,680
by the Tussle group stabilized through resonance
300
00:26:15,680 --> 00:26:21,350
ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ููŠ ู…ู†ุทู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู„ู…ุง ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ุงู„ู€ weak base
301
00:26:21,350 --> 00:26:26,930
ุงู„ุขู† ุฎู„ู‘ุงู‡ ูŠู‡ุงุฌู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ ุงู„ุฏูŠู‡ุงูŠุฏ ุทุจุนุง ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ูƒูˆุง
302
00:26:26,930 --> 00:26:32,170
ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุชุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง ุงู†ู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงูŠูˆู† ุณุงู„ุจ ู‡ุงุฌู… ูˆูŠู†
303
00:26:32,170 --> 00:26:39,070
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ ุงู„ุฏูŠู‡ุงูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุงุฑุจูˆู† ุงู„ O ุตุงุฑุช O minus ููŠ
304
00:26:39,070 --> 00:26:44,550
ู…ุฑุญู„ุชู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ O minus ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ O minus ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ
305
00:26:44,550 --> 00:26:52,180
ูˆูŠู† ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุฑูˆุญุนุงู„ carbon ุชุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‡ CH ู…ุน double
306
00:26:52,180 --> 00:26:58,700
bond N ูˆุจุชูŠุนู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุชู…ุงู…ุง ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚
307
00:26:58,700 --> 00:27:02,680
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุชู…ุงู…ุง ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ู‡ู†ุง ุจุฏูˆ ูŠุตูŠุฑ
308
00:27:02,680 --> 00:27:06,340
ุนู†ุฏูƒู… ุงู„ minus ุจุฏูˆ ูŠู‡ุงุฌู… ุนุงู„ carbon ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† C
309
00:27:06,340 --> 00:27:10,640
double bond N ู…ู† ุงู„ positive ุงู„ C ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ N
310
00:27:16,280 --> 00:27:20,040
ุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู…ุง ูŠุชุญุฑูƒ ุฒูˆุฌ ุงู„ุงู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ุดูˆ
311
00:27:20,040 --> 00:27:26,580
ุจุชุตูู‡ ุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ minus ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ู…ุฑุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ C ุงูŠุฒูˆ
312
00:27:26,580 --> 00:27:29,560
ู†ูŠุชุฑุงู„ ุณุงูŠูƒู„ุงูŠุฒูŠุดู†
313
00:27:34,470 --> 00:27:41,170
ู‡ูŠ ู…ุซุงู„ ุชุงู„ุช ูˆุงุณุชุนู…ู„ ู‡ู†ุง ู„ู‡ strong base ุทุจุนุง ู…ู…ูƒู†
314
00:27:41,170 --> 00:27:45,470
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุชุณุฃู„ ู„ูŠุด ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ strong base ุฃู†ุง ู…ุงุนู†ุฏูŠุด ุฌูˆุงุจ
315
00:27:45,470 --> 00:27:51,070
ู„ูŠุด ู„ุฃู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุจ weak base ุจูŠู…ุดูŠ ุญุงู„ู‡ ู„ุฃู†
316
00:27:51,070 --> 00:27:56,330
ุงู„ sodium hydrate is a very strong base ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„
317
00:27:56,330 --> 00:28:03,200
sodium hydrate ู‡ุฐุง ูƒ baseู…ุง ุจู†ู‚ุฏุฑุด ุงุญู†ุง ุญุชู‰
318
00:28:03,200 --> 00:28:08,460
ู†ุณุชุนู…ู„ู‡ .. ุจู†ู‚ุฏุฑุด ู†ุณุชุนู…ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุก ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนุงุฏุฉ ู„ูˆ
319
00:28:08,460 --> 00:28:13,160
ุงุญู†ุง ุนุฑุถู†ุง ู„ู‡ูˆุงุก ู‡ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ
320
00:28:13,160 --> 00:28:17,840
ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุก ูŠุงุฎุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุจุฑูˆุชู„ ูˆุชูุงุนู„ ุจุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุดุฏูŠุฏุฉ
321
00:28:17,840 --> 00:28:22,260
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูˆู„ุน ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุงู†ุง ุจุงุฎุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ ูˆ ุจูˆุฒู†ู‡
322
00:28:22,260 --> 00:28:27,500
ุจุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุก ุงู„ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุงู„ุฐุงุช ููŠ ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ุฑุทุจุฉ ุฒูŠ ุฌูˆ ุบุฒุฉ ู‚ุฑูŠุจ
323
00:28:27,500 --> 00:28:32,890
ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุญุฑู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจุณุชุนู…ู„ ุงู„ sodium hydrate ูˆ ุจูˆุฒู†ู‡
324
00:28:32,890 --> 00:28:37,470
ุนุงุฏูŠ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุจูˆุฏุฑุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ู‡ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ู† ูƒุชุฑ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ
325
00:28:37,470 --> 00:28:41,230
strong base ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ ูŠุณุญุจ ู…ู†ู‡ุง proton ูˆ ุชูุงุนู„ ุทุงุฑุฏ
326
00:28:41,230 --> 00:28:47,250
ู„ู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู†ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠูˆู„ุน ุงูˆ ูŠุดุชุนู„ ู†ุงุฑ ูˆ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ู†
327
00:28:47,250 --> 00:28:50,490
ุงู„ hydrates ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุตูุฉ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุฏูŠ are very
328
00:28:50,490 --> 00:28:54,350
strong bases ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ sodium hydrate ุบุงู„ุจุง ู„ู…ุง
329
00:28:54,350 --> 00:28:59,540
ุจุงู„ุจุงุน ุจุงู„ุจุงุน ูƒ oil suspensionุฅูŠุด ู…ุนู†ู‰ oil
330
00:28:59,540 --> 00:29:04,520
suspensionุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง ุจุงู„ุธุจุท ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุชูŠุฌูŠ ุชุญุทูˆุง
331
00:29:04,520 --> 00:29:10,560
ุณูƒุฑ ูˆ ู†ูƒูˆู† ุญุงุทูŠู†ู‡ ููŠ ุฌู„ุจ ุฒูŠุช ุฃูˆ ู…ู„ุญ ุฃุญูŠุงู†ุง ููŠ ุฌู„ุจ
332
00:29:10,560 --> 00:29:15,820
ุฒูŠุชุŒ ู‡ู„ ุงู„ู…ู„ุญ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฏุงูŠุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุฒูŠุช ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ู‡ูŠุฏูˆุจ
333
00:29:15,820 --> 00:29:21,360
ููŠ ุงู„ุฒูŠุชุŸู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฒูŠุช ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุทุจู‚ุฉ ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ ู…ู† ุฃู†ู‡
334
00:29:21,360 --> 00:29:25,520
ูŠุชุนุฑุถ ู„ุฅูŠุดุŸ ู…ู† ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุชุนุฑุถ ู„ู„ู…ูŠู‡ ูุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠุทูˆู„
335
00:29:25,520 --> 00:29:29,720
ู…ู†ู‡ ุจูŠุทูˆู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ุฒูŠุช ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุญุณูˆุจ ุฌุฏุงุด ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ุฒูŠุช
336
00:29:29,720 --> 00:29:33,180
ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูˆุฒู† ู…ุซู„ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ sodium hydrate one
337
00:29:33,180 --> 00:29:38,380
gram ุจูŠูˆุฒู† ุงู„ sodium hydrate ุจู…ุง ุฃุญุงุท ููŠู‡ ู…ู† ุฅูŠุดุŸ
338
00:29:38,380 --> 00:29:42,440
ู…ู† ุฒูŠุช ุงู„ุขู† ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู…ูƒุชูˆุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนุจูˆ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุนุฑู ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ูˆ
339
00:29:42,440 --> 00:29:48,000
ูˆุฒู† one gramู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ู†ูุชุฑุถ ููŠู‡ point
340
00:29:48,000 --> 00:29:53,140
three gram ุฒูŠุช ูˆ point seven gram ู…ู† ุงู„ sodium
341
00:29:53,140 --> 00:29:57,100
hydrate ูุงู„ ุจูŠูˆุฒุงู† one gram ู…ู† ุงู„ oil suspension
342
00:29:57,100 --> 00:30:01,260
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนุงุฑู ุงู†ู‡ ู…ุด ูƒู„ู‡ sodium hydrate ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡
343
00:30:01,260 --> 00:30:05,060
sodium hydrate ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ .. ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ู‡ุงุฑุงุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ
344
00:30:05,060 --> 00:30:10,820
ุงู„ุงุตู„ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจุชู…ุฑ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ุทุจุนุง ู„ูŠุด
345
00:30:10,820 --> 00:30:15,570
ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ ู‡ู†ุง strong baseุฃู‚ู„ ุชู‚ุฏูŠุฑ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุงุนู†ุฏูŠุด ุฌูˆุงุจ
346
00:30:15,570 --> 00:30:20,470
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฑุจู…ุง ุงู„ weak base ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู…ู„
347
00:30:20,470 --> 00:30:26,330
ุงู„ุฎู„ุงุตุฉ ุงุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ ion ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ ุงุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
348
00:30:26,330 --> 00:30:32,410
ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ ion ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ ุงู„ุงู† ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ูŠูˆู… ู…ุง ุฃุตูŠุฑ ุฃุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ู‰
349
00:30:32,410 --> 00:30:36,950
ุณูŠุถุฉ ุจุงู„ bond CูŠูˆู… ุฃุตูŠุฑ ุฃุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ู‰ c double bond c
350
00:30:36,950 --> 00:30:42,390
ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ุชุตูŠุฑ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุบู„ุจุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ุฃูˆ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงู†ุชุจุงู‡
351
00:30:42,390 --> 00:30:46,130
ู„ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุชู„ุช ุญุงู„ุงุช ุฃู†ุง
352
00:30:46,130 --> 00:30:50,750
ูƒูˆู†ุช ุงูŠูˆู† ุซุงู†ุฏุŒ ู…ุธุจูˆุท ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃุŸ ุงู‡ุŒ ุงู„ุงู† ู„ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุนู„ู‰
353
00:30:50,750 --> 00:30:56,070
c double bond o ุงู„ู‡ุฌูˆู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ c ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏุงู„ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุนู„ู‰
354
00:30:56,070 --> 00:31:01,030
C double bond N ุงู„ู‡ุฌูˆู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ C ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏุง ูˆุงุถุญ ู„ุฃู†
355
00:31:01,030 --> 00:31:04,410
ุงู„ carbon is more positive ุงู„ุงู† ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† C double
356
00:31:04,410 --> 00:31:09,550
bond C ู‡ู„ ูŠุชุฑู‰ ุงู„ู‡ุฌูˆู… ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ carbon ูˆ ู„ุง ุนู„ู‰
357
00:31:09,550 --> 00:31:14,810
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ carbon ุทุจุนุง ุฅุฐุง ู‡ุฌู… ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุฒูˆุฌ ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช
358
00:31:14,810 --> 00:31:19,430
ู‡ูŠุฌูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ C ูŠุฎู„ูŠู‡ุง minus ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ู†ูุฐู‡
359
00:31:21,160 --> 00:31:25,100
ุงู„ู‡ุฌูˆู… ุชู…ู‡ุง ู‡ูŠุฒูˆุฌ ุงู„ุงู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ูŠุฌูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ C
360
00:31:25,100 --> 00:31:30,700
ุตุงุฑุช minus ูู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู†ุง ุงูŠุด ุนู†ุฏูƒู… R1 C ุงู„ู€ CH ู‡ุฐู‡
361
00:31:30,700 --> 00:31:36,040
ุตุงุฑุช minus ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ุงู† ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุจุฏู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู‡ุฌูˆู… ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
362
00:31:36,040 --> 00:31:41,100
ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ carbon ู‡ูŠุทู„ู‚ ู†ุชุฌ ุชุงู†ูŠ ุงู†ู‡ ุจุฏู‡
363
00:31:41,100 --> 00:31:43,920
ูŠู‡ุฌู… ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ carbon ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ C ุจุฏู‡ ุชุตูŠุฑ minus
364
00:31:46,400 --> 00:31:50,900
ู…ุง ุจู‚ุฏุฑุด ุงู†ุง ุงู‚ูˆู„ ุงู†ู‡ ู…ุด ู…ุณุชู‚ุฑูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุงู† ูƒุชุจ
365
00:31:50,900 --> 00:31:56,480
ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุทู„ุน ู…ุนู‡ ุญุณุจ ุงู„ุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุงู†ุง ุจุงุฌูŠ
366
00:31:56,480 --> 00:32:01,180
ุจุณุฃู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุงู…ุชุญุงู† ุจุงู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู‡ุชูƒูˆู† ุตูŠุบุฉ
367
00:32:01,180 --> 00:32:05,980
ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงูƒุชุจ two possible products ุงูƒุชุจ two
368
00:32:05,980 --> 00:32:09,440
possible products ุงู„ product ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ุฌู… ู‡ู†
369
00:32:09,440 --> 00:32:13,460
ูˆุงู„ุณูŠุงุฏุฉ ุตุงุฑุช minus ูˆูƒู…ู„ุช ุงู„ุฅุบู„ุงู‚ ูˆุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ
370
00:32:13,460 --> 00:32:17,820
ุงู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ุฌู… ู‡ู†ูˆุงู„ู€ C ู‡ุฐู‡ ุตุงุฑุช minus ูˆูƒู…ู„ ุฅุบู„ุงู‚
371
00:32:17,820 --> 00:32:21,860
ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฎู„ูˆู‡ homework ู…ุนูƒู… ุฃู†ู‡ ุงุฑุณู…ูˆุง ุงู„ second
372
00:32:21,860 --> 00:32:26,220
possible product ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุงุชุนูˆุฏู†ุง ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง
373
00:32:26,220 --> 00:32:32,660
ุงู„ู…ุณุงู‚ ุฃู†ู‡ ู†ุชุฎูŠู„ ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ู…ู…ูƒู†
374
00:32:32,660 --> 00:32:37,160
ูˆู†ููƒุฑ ุจุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุงุชุฌุงู‡ ุงู„ุฃู† ุงู† ู‡ุงู„ุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ
375
00:32:37,160 --> 00:32:40,460
ุทู„ุนุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุฑุฃุณ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู‚ุจู„
376
00:32:40,460 --> 00:32:47,230
ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ู†ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุชุฌุฑุจุฉู…ุด ุนุงุฑููŠู† ูˆ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุตุญ ุงู†ู‡ ุงู†ุง
377
00:32:47,230 --> 00:32:50,450
ู„ูˆ ุจุฏูŠ ุงุนู…ู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู† ุงุญุท ุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠู† ุจุนุฏูŠู†
378
00:32:50,450 --> 00:32:55,210
ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ spectroscopic evidence ุงู„ IR ุงู„ NMR ูƒุฐุง
379
00:32:55,210 --> 00:33:00,570
ูƒุฐุง ุจู‚ุนุฏ ุงุทู„ุน ููŠ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ูŠู† ู…ู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุจุชูู‚ ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ
380
00:33:00,570 --> 00:33:06,050
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏู‰ ูˆ ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ ุงู„ two products are
381
00:33:06,050 --> 00:33:12,860
isomers ูˆ structural isomers ุงู†ุชุจู‡ูˆุง ู…ุนุงูŠุงู„ู…ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„
382
00:33:12,860 --> 00:33:17,140
two products are isomersุŒ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ูˆ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจุฏู‡
383
00:33:17,140 --> 00:33:21,480
ูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ู…ุซู„ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ mass spectrometer ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ุนู„ู‰
384
00:33:21,480 --> 00:33:25,380
ุงู„ molecular ionุŒ ู…ุด ู‡ูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ูŠูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ุŒ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠู†
385
00:33:25,380 --> 00:33:32,520
ุจูŠุนุทูˆุง ู†ูุณ ุงู„ molecular ionุจูŠูƒ ุงู„ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจูŠุนุทูˆุง ู†ูุณ
386
00:33:32,520 --> 00:33:35,560
ุงู„ molecular ion ุจูŠูƒ ุทุจุนุง ููŠ ูƒู„ ุฃุญูˆุงู„ ูˆ ุงู†ุง ููŠ
387
00:33:35,560 --> 00:33:39,980
ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ ุจุญุฐู ุงูŠุด ุงู„ two cell group ููŠ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ
388
00:33:39,980 --> 00:33:43,140
ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ ุจุญุฐู ุงู„ two cell group ูŠู…ูƒู† ุญุฐู ุงู„ two cell
389
00:33:43,140 --> 00:33:48,340
ุฎู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ symmetric ุจุญูŠุซ ุงู†ู‡ ู…ุงูุฑุฌุด ุงูŠ ู†ุงุชุฌ ูˆ
390
00:33:48,340 --> 00:33:54,120
ุฑุจู…ุง ู„ู…ุง ุชุณุชูƒู…ู„ูˆุง ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุงุชู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู†ู‡
391
00:33:54,120 --> 00:33:59,740
ู‡ูŠุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏูƒู…ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู†ุชุฌ ู…ุตุงุฏูุฉ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ูˆุงุถุญุŸ
392
00:33:59,740 --> 00:34:03,460
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู…ุตุงุฏูุฉ ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
393
00:34:03,460 --> 00:34:07,880
ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ two cell ุญูุฏูุช ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช
394
00:34:07,880 --> 00:34:12,980
ุฅุถุงููŠุฉ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ููƒุฑุฉ ุงู„ two possible products ุชุจู‚ู‰
395
00:34:12,980 --> 00:34:20,740
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู†ุฏูƒู… ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ุฌุฑุจูˆุง ุงุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุงู„ู†ุชุฌ ูˆุดูˆููˆุง ุดูˆ
396
00:34:20,740 --> 00:34:24,040
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏูƒู… ุทุจุนุง ู…ุงุฑ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„ two cell is
397
00:34:24,040 --> 00:34:28,890
a good living groupุตุญูŠุญ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃุŸ ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุฃู†ุง
398
00:34:28,890 --> 00:34:35,410
stabilized by resonance ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง
399
00:34:35,410 --> 00:34:41,290
ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุฑุจู…ุง ู…ุงู†ู…ุฑุด ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู†ู…ุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุซู„ูŠู†
400
00:34:41,290 --> 00:34:45,970
ุฃูˆ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู†ูุณ ููƒุฑุฉ CH2 ูˆูŠู† ุจุฏู‡ุง
401
00:34:45,970 --> 00:34:50,990
ุชู‡ุงุฌู…ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ carbon ุชุญุช ุงู„ C double bond S ุงู„ู„ูŠ
402
00:34:50,990 --> 00:34:55,270
ู‡ูˆ carbon disulfide ุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏ S minus ูˆูŠู† ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุณูƒุฑุŸ
403
00:34:56,230 --> 00:35:04,310
ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู„ูˆ ุทู„ุนู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ phenyl
404
00:35:04,310 --> 00:35:11,790
CH2NCl ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ ุจูŠูˆุชูŠู„ ู„ูŠุซูŠุงู… which is a strong base
405
00:35:11,790 --> 00:35:18,020
ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ organic base weak baseุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
406
00:35:18,020 --> 00:35:22,920
ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ููŠ ุบุงู„ุจ ุงู„ุฃุญูˆุงู„ ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌุฑุจ
407
00:35:22,920 --> 00:35:26,720
ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ุดุบู„ ูˆู„ุงุฌุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ ุฃูุถู„ ุดูŠุก ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุณุชุนู…ู„ ุฃุดูŠุงุก
408
00:35:26,720 --> 00:35:32,120
ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ูˆ ู…ุฑุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠุณุชุนู…ู„
409
00:35:32,120 --> 00:35:37,220
ุญุงุฌุฉ ู‚ูˆูŠุฉ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ู…ุชูˆูุฑุฉ ูˆุณู‡ู„ุฉ ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุฌุฑุจ ูŠุณุชุนู…ู„
410
00:35:37,220 --> 00:35:42,350
ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุฃุถุนู ุฑุจู…ุงุชู…ุดูŠ ู…ุนุงู‡ ุงูŠุถุง ููŠ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ูˆุงุถุญุŸ
411
00:35:42,350 --> 00:35:47,470
ุงุญู†ุง ุงู„ุงู† ุจู†ุงุฎุฏ ู…ุจุงุฏุฆ ู„ู…ุง ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุชู†ุชู‚ู„ูˆุง ู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ
412
00:35:47,470 --> 00:35:52,330
ุงู„ุนู…ู„ุฑุจู…ุง ุชู„ุงู‚ูˆุง ุงู† ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุนุดุงู† ุชูู‡ู…ูˆุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„
413
00:35:52,330 --> 00:35:55,290
ูˆ ุชุนู…ู„ูˆุง optimization ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุดูˆููˆุง ุงูŠุด ุฃู†ุณุจ ุดุฑูˆุท
414
00:35:55,290 --> 00:35:59,290
ูŠู…ูƒู† ุชู‚ุนุฏูˆุง ุดู‡ุฑูˆุง ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุงุชุนุฏูˆุง ู…ุฑุฉ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ูƒุฐุง ู…ุฑุฉ
415
00:35:59,290 --> 00:36:01,690
ุจุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ base ู…ุฑุฉ ุจุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ base ู…ุฑุฉ
416
00:36:01,690 --> 00:36:05,970
ุจุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ ุงู„ base ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู†ูƒู… ุชุตู„ูˆุง
417
00:36:05,970 --> 00:36:10,070
ู„ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ุงู„ optimum conditions ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูุถู„
418
00:36:10,070 --> 00:36:16,190
ุงู„ุดุฑูˆุท ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ุทุจุนุง base ูˆ ุงู„ base ุงูŠุด
419
00:36:16,190 --> 00:36:21,780
ู‡ุชุงุฎุฏูˆ ุฅุจุฑุงุทูˆุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ูˆ ุชุนู…ู„ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ minus ุงู„ุขู†
420
00:36:21,780 --> 00:36:26,120
ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูƒุชูˆุจ ุบู„ุท ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠู†
421
00:36:26,120 --> 00:36:31,320
ุงู„ ncs ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูู‚ ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ุฅูŠุด ุงุณู… ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒ
422
00:36:31,320 --> 00:36:36,980
ููŠู† ุงู„ isothiocyanate ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠู† ุงู„ n double bond c
423
00:36:36,980 --> 00:36:42,050
double bond s ู‡ูŠูƒ ุดูƒู„ู‡ูู†ู„ single bond N double
424
00:36:42,050 --> 00:36:46,630
bond C double bond S ูู†ู„ ุงูŠุฒูˆ ุซูŠูˆ ุณูŠุงู†ุงุช ุทุจุนุง
425
00:36:46,630 --> 00:36:50,830
ุงู„ูู†ู„ ุงูŠุฒูˆ ุซูŠูˆ ุณูŠุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุชู… ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู‡ุฌูˆู… ุนู„ู‰
426
00:36:50,830 --> 00:36:57,750
ุงูŠ ุฐุฑุฉ ุงู„ carbon ุงู„ carbon varyElectrophilic
427
00:36:57,750 --> 00:37:03,030
Highly Electrophilic Atom ู„ุฃู† ุจูŠู† ุณู„ูุฑ ูˆุจูŠู†
428
00:37:03,030 --> 00:37:07,330
ู†ูŠุชุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌู‡ ุจูƒุชูŠุฑ ุงู„ุงู† ู„ู…ุง
429
00:37:07,330 --> 00:37:12,570
ูŠุชู… ุงู„ู‡ุฌูˆู… ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุชุฎูŠู„ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงุชูŠ ุนู…ู„ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
430
00:37:12,570 --> 00:37:19,990
H ุงูˆ ุงุชุฎูŠู„ ุงู† ุงุชูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู…ู„ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง S minus ุงู„ุงู†
431
00:37:19,990 --> 00:37:23,490
ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู† ุฌู†ุจ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ูƒู…ู† ูŠูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆููŠู†
432
00:37:25,760 --> 00:37:30,600
ุงู„ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู…ู†ุทู‚ูŠุฉ ูˆ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ู…ุน ุงู„
433
00:37:30,600 --> 00:37:34,620
isocyanates ุงู† ุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุชุตูุฃ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒุงุฑุจูˆู† ูˆ
434
00:37:34,620 --> 00:37:39,160
ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‡ single bond and etch ุงูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ู†ุง
435
00:37:39,160 --> 00:37:42,180
ุจุณ ุจุฏู†ุง ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุงู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู† ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ุณู„ุจ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰
436
00:37:42,180 --> 00:37:46,940
ุงู„ ู†ูŠุชุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ sulfur ุจุชููƒุฑูˆุง ุฏุงุฆู…ุง
437
00:37:46,940 --> 00:37:52,900
ุจุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู†ู‡ ุตุงุฑ ุนู„ู‰ุงู„ุณู„ูุฑ
438
00:37:52,900 --> 00:37:56,680
ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู†ู‡ ุตุงุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณู„ูุฑ ุงู„ุณู„ูุฑ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… is
439
00:37:56,680 --> 00:38:01,180
more nucleophilic than ู†ูŠุชุฑูˆุฌูŠู† okay ุงู„ุงู† ูˆ ุงู„ุณู„ูุฑ
440
00:38:01,180 --> 00:38:06,480
ุณูƒุฑ ู‡ู†ุง ุงุนุทุงู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ ุงู„ isothiazone ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง
441
00:38:06,480 --> 00:38:12,720
ู…ุงุจู…ู†ุนุด .. ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุงุจู…ู†ุนุด ุงู†ู‡ ู†ุธุฑูŠุง ูƒุงู† ุจุงู„ุงู…ูƒุงู† ุงู†ูƒู…
442
00:38:12,720 --> 00:38:17,140
ุชุฎู„ูˆุง ุงู„ู‡ุฌูˆู… ุงูˆ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ nitrogen ุจู…ุนู†ู‰
443
00:38:17,140 --> 00:38:23,860
ุงู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชูƒูˆู† N minusุญู…ู„ุฉ ููŠู†ูŠู„ ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุชูƒูˆู† c double
444
00:38:23,860 --> 00:38:31,220
bond s ูุฌุฑุจูˆุง ุงู†ูƒู… ุชูƒุชุจูˆุง ุงู„ product ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ุงุชุฎู„ุต
445
00:38:31,220 --> 00:38:35,380
c double bond s ู„ู„ุฎุงุฑุฌ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุตุงุฑุช n minus ุงู„ n
446
00:38:35,380 --> 00:38:42,000
minus ุณูƒุฑุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ carbon ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุฌุฏูŠุฑ ุฌุฏุง
447
00:38:42,000 --> 00:38:47,200
ุจุฃู† ูŠู†ุชุจู‡ ู„ู‡ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุตุญ ุงู„ู‡ุฌูˆู… ุชู… ุนู„ู‰
448
00:38:47,200 --> 00:38:50,740
ุงู„ูƒุงุฑุจูˆู† ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ูƒุงุฑุจูˆู† ุฌู…ู‡ุง ูƒุงู… ุงู„ู€ nucleophile
449
00:38:50,740 --> 00:38:54,100
ุงู„ุณู„ูุฑ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ nucleophile ูˆุงู„ู†ูŠุชุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
450
00:38:54,100 --> 00:38:58,680
nucleophile ูู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ู†ุธุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจุญุซุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุจู‡ุฐุง
451
00:38:58,680 --> 00:39:05,180
ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ูŠูƒุชู…ู„ ุงู„ cyclization ุนู„ู‰ I ุนู„ู‰ ุซูŠุงุฒูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰
452
00:39:05,180 --> 00:39:10,300
ุซูŠุงุฒูˆู„ ุนููˆุง ุฅุฐุง ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง I ุนู„ู‰ ุซูŠุงุฒูˆู„ this is ุซูŠุงุฒูˆู„
453
00:39:10,300 --> 00:39:16,350
ุฃูˆ ู„ูˆุงุชุญุฑูƒุช ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ูˆ ุงู„ nitrogen ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุงุฌู‰ ูˆ
454
00:39:16,350 --> 00:39:20,390
ู…ุงุนู…ู„ ุงู„ cyclization ุดูˆ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ ุงู…ูŠุฏุงุฒูˆู„
455
00:39:20,390 --> 00:39:27,570
ุฌุฑุจูˆุง ุจุฑุถู‡ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู†ูƒู… ุชุฑุณู…ูˆุง ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ
456
00:39:27,570 --> 00:39:32,550
ุงู„ู…ุชูˆู‚ุน ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุนูˆุฏ ุฅูŠุฏูŠู†ุง ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ู†ุง
457
00:39:32,550 --> 00:39:36,270
ู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจููŠุฏ ุงู„ุทุงู„ุจ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡
458
00:39:36,270 --> 00:39:41,920
ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุญู„ ุงู†ู‡ ุฅูŠุฏู‡ุชูƒุชุจ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ
459
00:39:41,920 --> 00:39:46,820
ุดุจูŠู‡ุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุชุจุนู†ุง ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ูƒู…
460
00:39:46,820 --> 00:39:53,160
ุฃูŠุถุง ุชุชุฏุฑุจูˆุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุฌูŠุฏ ูˆุจู‡ูŠูƒ ุจู†ู†ู‡ูŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
461
00:39:53,160 --> 00:39:57,720
ุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ู„ู„ triple bonds carbon carbon triple bond
462
00:39:57,720 --> 00:40:02,100
carbon nitrogen ูˆ nitrogen carbon triple bond
463
00:40:02,100 --> 00:40:05,720
ูˆุจู†ู„ุชู‚ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ