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ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆ ุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆ ุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ููŠ
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ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุขุฎุฑ ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน the human growth and
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development ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† special aspects of
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development ุฎู„ุงู„
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ุญุฏูŠุซู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ู€ special aspects of development ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู…
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ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† the development of the teeth ูˆ ูƒูŠู
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ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ูˆ ูƒูŠู ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ูƒุจุงุฑ ุทุจุนุง ุจุดูƒู„
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ุณุฑูŠุน the human has 20 primary and 32 permanent
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teeth developed from the interaction of the oral
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epithelial cells ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุชุทู„ุน ุจู†ุนุฑู ุฃู†ู‡
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ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ููŠ ูุชุฑุฉ ุงู„ุทููˆู„ุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ
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ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุณู† primary teeth ู‡ุฐุง ุทุจุนุง ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู†
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ุงู„ู„ุจู†ูŠุฉ ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุง ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูˆ ุซู„ุงุซูŠู† permanent teeth
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ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ the development of the
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teeth ู†ุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ the stages of the teeth ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ููŠ
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ุนู†ุฏูŠ three main stages of development ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ three
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main stages ุจุนุฏ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุซุงู„ุซุฉ
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ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ
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ุงู„ุดู…ุณ ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ ูˆ ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ ูˆ ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ ูˆ ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ ูˆ ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ ูˆ
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ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ ูˆ ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ ูˆ ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ ูˆ ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ ูˆ ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ
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ูˆ ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ ูˆ ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ ูˆ ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ
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ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุทุจุนุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ differentiation ุชุจุฏุฃ ุชูˆุถุญ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูŠู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ bell stage ูˆุดูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุญู„
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ bell stage ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุทู„ุน ุงู„ุขู†
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ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู…ุงู…ู†ุง ูˆูƒูŠู ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุณู† ุญู„ุงุฌุฉ
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ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ root formation and cementogenesis continue
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until a functional tooth and its supporting
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structures are fully developed as the crown are
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formed and mineralized the root of the teeth begin
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to form ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ุชุงุฌ ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ุชุจุฏุฃ ุชุตูŠุฑ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
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ุงู„ู€ mineralization
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ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุณู† ูˆูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€
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Mineralization ููŠู‡ ู‡ุชุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู€ roots of the teeth
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begin to form ุฌุฐูˆุฑ ุงู„ุณู† ุชุจุฏุฃ ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุจุดูƒู„ ุขุฎุฑ ุจุนุฏ ุฃู†
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ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ roots classified ุŒ ุงู„ุณุจุงุฑุฉ ุชู†ุชุดุฑ of the
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teeth ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุดุชุบู„ ุงู„ุดุบู„ ุฎุงู†ูŠุฉ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ the cementum
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and periodontal ligament ูˆุงู„ุบ ู„ุฑุจูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู†
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ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงุช ุชุจุฏุฃ ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู†
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ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู†
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ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู†
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ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู†
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ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชูƒูˆ
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ุงู„ุขู† ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุญู„ ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู†
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ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฅุจูŠุซูŠู„ูŠุงู…
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ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูˆ ู†ูˆุงุฉ ุงู„ุณู† ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
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differentiation of the teeth ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
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dental mesenchyme as the crown are formed and
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mineralized the root of the teeth begin to form
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ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุณู† ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ูˆูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุชูƒู„ุณ
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ุงุจุชุฏุฃ ุงู„ุฌุฐูˆุฑ ุชุจุนุงุช ุงู„ุณู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุชูƒูˆู†
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ุงู„ุงู†ุณุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฏุงุนู…ุฉ ู„ู„ุณู† ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุณู…ู†ุทู… ุงู„ู€ periodontal
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ligament ุงู„ุงู„ููˆู„ุงุฑ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุจุฏุฃ ุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู…ุง
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ูŠูƒุชู…ู„ ู†ู…ูˆ ุงู„ุณู† ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ูŠุดู‚ ุทุฑูŠู‚ู‡ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู„ุซุฉ ูˆ
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ูŠุทู„ุน ููŠ ุชุฌูˆูŠู ุงู„ูู… root formation ูˆ cementogenesis
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ุชุณุชู…ุฑ ุญุชู‰ ูŠุชู… ุชูƒูˆูŠู† tooth ูˆ ุชุนู…ู„ ุชุนู…ู„ ุชุนู…ู„ ุชุนู…ู„
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ุชุนู…ู„ ุชุนู…ู„ ุชุนู…ู„ ุชุนู…ู„
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชูุงุตูŠู„ ุชุณุชู…ุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุตุจุญ ู„ุฏูŠ functional
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tooth ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุดู…ู„ ุงุณุชู…ุฑุงุฑ ุงู„ุชุทูˆุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ supporting
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structures ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ู€ teeth ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง
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ู†ุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฑุงุญู„ ุชุทูˆุฑ ุงู„ู€ tooth ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ
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ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ initiation ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุทุจุนุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ epithelium
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ุงู„ุญู„ุงุฌูŠ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ dental mesenchymal cells ู‡ุฐู‡
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ุจุฏุช ุชุชุดูƒู„ ูˆุตูŠุฑ differentiation ู„ู‡ุง ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุตุงุฑ
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ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ dental placode ุตุงุฑ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุณู† ุจุฏู‡
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ูŠุทู„ุน ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู€ dental mesenchymal ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡
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ุทุจุนุง ุชูƒูˆู†ูˆ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ development ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุณู…ู‰
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ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ bud stage ุงู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ cap
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stage ุชุจุฏุฃ ุทุจุนุง ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุณู† ูŠุชุบุทู‰ ูˆ ูŠุฃุฎุฐ ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ
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ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ bell stage ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุฌุฑุณ
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ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู…ุง ุชุชู‚ูˆู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆ ูŠุชู‚ูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฐูˆุฑ ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู„ุซุฉ
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ุทุจุนุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุงู„ู€ root ุงู„ู€
72
00:07:20,650 --> 00:07:25,390
surrounding tissue ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุณู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ
73
00:07:25,390 --> 00:07:29,310
ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ eruption ูˆ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ eruption
74
00:07:29,310 --> 00:07:34,470
ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ the development of the root ุงุณุชู…ุฑุช ุงู„ู€
75
00:07:34,470 --> 00:07:38,680
development of the surrounding structures ุงุณุชู…ุฑุช ู„ุญุฏ
76
00:07:38,680 --> 00:07:42,900
ู…ุง ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ functional tooth ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ
77
00:07:42,900 --> 00:07:48,660
ุนู†ุฏูŠ functional tooth ุซู„ุงุซ ู…ุฑุงุญู„ ุงู„ู€ bud stage ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
78
00:07:48,660 --> 00:07:53,800
ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ูƒู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุฒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ cap
79
00:07:53,800 --> 00:07:59,220
stage ุจุฏุฃ ูŠุชุดูƒู„ ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุณู† ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ bell stage ู‡ุฐู‡
80
00:07:59,220 --> 00:08:06,300
ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซ ู…ุฑุงุญู„ ู…ุง ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ู€ eruption of the tooth ู…ุง ู‚ุจู„
81
00:08:06,300 --> 00:08:11,280
ุจุฒูˆุบ ุงู„ุณู† ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ุฑ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ eruption ูˆู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ
82
00:08:11,280 --> 00:08:16,940
ุชู‚ูˆูŠุฉ ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ุณู† ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ the development of the bone
83
00:08:16,940 --> 00:08:20,900
this is also subject to a wide range of variation
84
00:08:20,900 --> 00:08:24,780
teething in the lower jaw mandibular usually
85
00:08:24,780 --> 00:08:29,680
precedes that in the upper jaw maxillary by one to
86
00:08:29,680 --> 00:08:36,420
two months ุจู†ุนุฑู ุฃู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุณู†ูŠู† ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
87
00:08:36,420 --> 00:08:40,540
mandibular jaw ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower part of the jaw ููŠ
88
00:08:40,540 --> 00:08:45,520
ุงู„ูุชู‚ ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุชุทู„ุน ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ูุชู‚
89
00:08:45,520 --> 00:08:50,500
ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ูุงุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ู…ู† ุดู‡ุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุดู‡ุฑูŠู†
90
00:08:50,500 --> 00:08:57,640
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุบุงู„ุจูŠุฉ ู„ูƒู† ู…ุด ุจุงู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน
91
00:08:57,640 --> 00:09:01,600
ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุดูˆุงุฐ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุงุนุฏุฉ
92
00:09:22,800 --> 00:09:28,920
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ mandibular jaw ุงู„ู‚ูˆุงุทุน ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠุฉ ุญูŠุซ ูŠุธู‡ุฑูˆู†
93
00:09:28,920 --> 00:09:35,880
ู…ู† 7 ุฅู„ู‰ 9 ุฃุดู‡ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ maxillary jaw ุงู„ููƒ ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ
94
00:09:35,880 --> 00:09:41,920
ู…ู† 8 ุฅู„ู‰ 11 ุดู‡ุฑ ุจุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ูˆ
95
00:09:41,920 --> 00:09:47,080
ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฉ ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ููŠ ุงู„ู€ central incisors ูˆ
96
00:09:47,080 --> 00:09:53,760
ุงู„ู€ lateral incisors ุงู„ู€ permanent teeth ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€
97
00:09:53,760 --> 00:09:57,500
secondary teeth ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ central ููŠ ุงู„ู€
98
00:09:57,500 --> 00:10:01,540
permanent teeth ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ central incisors
99
00:10:01,540 --> 00:10:07,500
ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุจุฏูŠู„ ุชุจุนู‡ุง ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ุฎุชู„ู ุนู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุธู‡ูˆุฑ
100
00:10:07,500 --> 00:10:13,560
ุงู„ู€ primary ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ upper jaw ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ maxillary
101
00:10:13,560 --> 00:10:21,440
jaw ุชุธู‡ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุนู†ุฏ ุฃูˆ ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ุชุชุณุงู‚ุท ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู†
102
00:10:21,440 --> 00:10:28,460
ุงู„ู…ุชุจุฏู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper jaw ู…ู† 6 ุฅู„ู‰ 7 ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower jaw
103
00:10:28,460 --> 00:10:35,260
ู…ู† 7 ุฅู„ู‰ 8 ุณู†ูˆุงุช ุงู„ู€ lateral incisors ู…ู† 7 ุฅู„ู‰ 8 ููŠ
104
00:10:35,260 --> 00:10:42,080
ุงู„ู€ upper jaw 8 ุฅู„ู‰ 9 ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower jaw ุงู„ู€ canines
105
00:10:42,080 --> 00:10:47,740
ุงู„ุงู†ูŠุงุจ ู…ู† 9 ุฅู„ู‰ 11 ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper ู…ู† 11 ุฅู„ู‰ 12 ููŠ ุงู„ู€
106
00:10:47,740 --> 00:10:55,070
lower jaw ู…ู„ุงุญุธ ุฃู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุจุฏูŠู„ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper
107
00:10:55,070 --> 00:10:59,750
jaw ุชุจุฏุฃ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ู€ lower jaw ุชุจุฏูŠู„ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุงู„ุฏุงุฆู…ุฉ
108
00:10:59,750 --> 00:11:05,430
ู„ูƒู† ุธู‡ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุงู„ู„ุจู†ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower jaw ุชุจุฏุฃ ู‚ุจู„
109
00:11:05,430 --> 00:11:09,570
ุงู„ู€ upper jaw ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู†ุญูƒูŠู‡ุง ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
110
00:11:09,570 --> 00:11:11,370
the development of the teeth
111
00:11:14,100 --> 00:11:17,760
ุงู„ู€ maturity ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ maturity of the bone ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€
112
00:11:17,760 --> 00:11:22,380
bone age ุญู„ุงุฌุฉ ุฃู† skeletal maturity ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ bone
113
00:11:22,380 --> 00:11:26,700
age is a maturation process which occurs in bones
114
00:11:26,700 --> 00:11:30,880
in the form of appearance, progression in size and
115
00:11:30,880 --> 00:11:34,920
eventual fusion of epiphyseal centers with the
116
00:11:34,920 --> 00:11:39,200
metaphyses of bone ูููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ development of
117
00:11:39,200 --> 00:11:45,360
the bone ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุณุชููŠุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุนุฑู ุนู„ู‰
118
00:11:45,360 --> 00:11:52,080
ุนู…ุฑ ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู…ุงู…ู†ุง ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ู†ู…ูˆ ุงู„ุนุธู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
119
00:11:52,080 --> 00:11:56,300
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูˆู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุฒุงุช ุงู„ุนุธู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
120
00:11:56,300 --> 00:12:00,460
normally bone age corresponds to the age of the
121
00:12:00,460 --> 00:12:06,560
child ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู† ุนู…ุฑ ุงู„ุนุธู… ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนู…ุฑ
122
00:12:06,560 --> 00:12:26,790
ุงู„ุนุธู…ูŠ the bone age ู‡ูˆ ูŠู†ุงุณุจ ุนู…ุฑ ุงู„ุทูู„ ููŠ ุจุนุถ
123
00:12:26,790 --> 00:12:32,370
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ูˆุฅุนุงู‚ุฉ
124
00:12:32,370 --> 00:12:37,320
ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆ ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ุนู…ุฑ ุงู„ุนุธู…ูŠ ุจูŠุฎุชู„ู ุนู†
125
00:12:37,320 --> 00:12:42,180
ุงู„ุนู…ุฑ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ ู„ู„ุทูู„ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุดูˆูู‡ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ู…ุดุงูƒู„
126
00:12:42,180 --> 00:12:46,540
ุงู„ุบุฏุฏ ุงู„ุตู…ุงุก ุฒูŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ hypothyroidism
127
00:12:46,540 --> 00:12:51,760
evaluation of bone age ูƒูŠู ู†ู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ู€ bone age if the
128
00:12:51,760 --> 00:12:56,580
newborn and infancy in the newborn and in the
129
00:12:56,580 --> 00:13:00,880
infancy the ossified centers around the knee joint
130
00:13:00,880 --> 00:13:06,710
are well developed. Absence of these centers means a
131
00:13:06,710 --> 00:13:11,090
delay in the bone age. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง ูˆ ู†ุดูˆู ุดูˆ
132
00:13:11,090 --> 00:13:16,090
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณุชููŠุฏู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ bone age ู„ูˆ ุทู„ุนู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุตูˆุฑุฉ
133
00:13:16,090 --> 00:13:21,930
ุฃุดุนุฉ ุฎุงุตุฉ ุจู€ newborn ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ ossified centers
134
00:13:21,930 --> 00:13:27,070
ู…ุฑุงูƒุฒ ุงู„ุชูƒู„ุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุฑูƒุจุฉ ุจุชุชุทูˆุฑ ุชูƒูˆู†
135
00:13:27,070 --> 00:13:33,170
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ. ู„ูƒู† ุนุฏู… ูˆุฌูˆุฏู‡ุง ููŠ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ Newborn ูˆ ุงู„ู€
136
00:13:33,170 --> 00:13:40,930
Infancy ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆ ุงู„ุนุธู…ูŠ ู„ู„ุทูู„
137
00:13:41,960 --> 00:13:47,200
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฃุดุนุฉ ู„ุทูู„ ู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฑู‚ุจุฉ
138
00:13:47,200 --> 00:13:52,760
ูŠูุชุฑุถ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡
139
00:13:52,760 --> 00:13:54,160
ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡
140
00:13:54,160 --> 00:13:56,100
ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡
141
00:13:56,100 --> 00:13:59,500
ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡
142
00:13:59,500 --> 00:13:59,520
ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡
143
00:13:59,520 --> 00:13:59,640
ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡
144
00:13:59,640 --> 00:14:09,740
ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุญูŠุงุชู‡
145
00:14:09,740 --> 00:14:17,410
ุฑูˆู†ุชุฌูŠู† ุฌุฑุงู… of the hand and wrist ููŠ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ
146
00:14:17,410 --> 00:14:26,330
ุงู„ุทููˆู„ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชู‚ูŠู… ู…ุฑุงูƒุฒ ุงู„ุชุนุธู… ุฃูˆ ู…ุฑุงูƒุฒ ุงู„ุนุธู… ููŠ
147
00:14:26,330 --> 00:14:31,530
ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ุทููˆู„ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู‚ูŠูŠู… ุงู„ุนุธู… ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุฃุดุนุฉ ุฃูˆ ุตูˆุฑ
148
00:14:31,530 --> 00:14:36,880
ุงู„ุฃุดุนุฉ. ุฑูˆู†ุชุฌูŠู† ุฌุฑุงู… for the hand and wrist ุนุงู…ุฉ ุจูŠู†
149
00:14:36,880 --> 00:14:42,840
ุนุงู…ูŠู† ูˆ ุนุงู…ูŠู† ูˆ ุนุงู…ูŠู†. ูŠูˆุฌุฏ ูƒุฑุจู„ ุจูˆู† ุจูŠุฑุฌุฑ ุจูŠู†
150
00:14:42,840 --> 00:14:48,440
ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุฅู„ู‰ ุณุช ุณู†ูˆุงุช. ูŠูุชุฑุถ ุฃู†ู‡ ูƒู„ ุณู†ุฉ ุชุชูƒู„ุณ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
151
00:14:48,440 --> 00:14:52,880
ุนุธู…ุฉ ู…ู† ุนุถู…ุงุช ุงู„ูƒุฑุจู„ ุจูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ. ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนุฑู
152
00:14:52,880 --> 00:14:58,260
ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ two rows of carpal bone. ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุตููŠู†
153
00:14:58,260 --> 00:15:04,270
ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Carpal bone. ุฅุฐู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุตููŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุธู… ู‡ู…
154
00:15:04,270 --> 00:15:07,910
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠุญุฏุฏูˆุง in adolescence and late childhood.
155
00:15:07,910 --> 00:15:12,630
evaluation of bone age is more complicated. ููŠ
156
00:15:12,630 --> 00:15:17,970
ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงู‡ู‚ุฉุŒ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ late childhood. ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู†
157
00:15:17,970 --> 00:15:23,390
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต ูˆุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ูŠูŠู… ู„ู„ุนู…ุฑ ุงู„ุนุธู…ูŠ ุฃูƒุซุฑ
158
00:15:23,390 --> 00:15:28,890
ุชุนู‚ูŠุฏู‹ุง. ูˆููŠ
159
00:15:28,890 --> 00:15:37,770
ุงู„ุบุงู„ุจ ูŠุชู… ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ ู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ุงุก ูˆุชุญูˆู„ ุงู„ู€ cartilage
160
00:15:37,770 --> 00:15:39,950
ูˆุงู„ุงุจูŠูุณูŠุฒ ุฅู„ู‰ joints.
161
00:15:47,860 --> 00:15:55,880
ุนุดุงู† ู†ุญุฏุฏ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุนู…ุฑ ุงู„ุนุธู… ููŠ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ุทููˆู„ุฉ
162
00:15:55,880 --> 00:16:01,500
ูˆุงู„ุทููˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุฃุฎุฑุฉ ูˆู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ adolescence ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…
163
00:16:02,380 --> 00:16:07,140
Atlas. ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ Greulich & Pyle atlas ุฃูˆ Tanner atlas.
164
00:16:07,140 --> 00:16:11,600
ุทุจุนู‹ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ููŠ ุชุญุฏูŠุฏ ุงู„ุนู…ุฑ ุงู„ุนุงู….
165
00:16:11,600 --> 00:16:14,780
Respiratory rate, heart rate and blood pressure.
166
00:16:14,780 --> 00:16:18,440
The following table shows the average heart rate,
167
00:16:19,220 --> 00:16:22,780
respiratory rate and blood pressure at different
168
00:16:22,780 --> 00:16:27,250
periods of a child. ุทุจุนู‹ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฏูˆู„ ูŠูˆุถุญ ุจุนุถ
169
00:16:27,250 --> 00:16:33,850
ุงู„ู‚ุฑุงุกุงุช ู„ุถุบุท ุงู„ุฏู… ูˆุงู„ุชู†ูุณ ูˆู…ุนุฏู„ ุถุฑุจุงุช
170
00:16:33,850 --> 00:16:41,490
ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ููŠ ู…ุฑุงุญู„ ู…ุชุนุฏุฏุฉ. ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง ู„ู€
171
00:16:41,490 --> 00:16:46,570
newborn. ุงู„ู€ heart rate 130, blood pressure 80 ู„ู€ 60.
172
00:16:46,570 --> 00:16:52,610
ุงู„ู€ respiratory rate 55. ุนู†ุฏ 6 ุดู‡ูˆุฑ. ุงู„ู€ heart rate
173
00:16:52,610 --> 00:16:57,000
120. ุงู„ู€ blood pressure 80 ู„ู€ 60. ุงู„ู€ respiratory
174
00:16:57,000 --> 00:17:04,200
rate 40. ุนู†ุฏ one year. ุงู„ู€ heart rate 110.
175
00:17:04,200 --> 00:17:07,960
blood pressure 80 ู„ู€ 60. ุงู„ู€ respiratory rate
176
00:17:07,960 --> 00:17:14,060
35. ุนู†ุฏ ุฃุฑุจุน ุณู†ูˆุงุช. 100 ุนู„ู‰ 60.
177
00:17:14,060 --> 00:17:21,340
ุนู†ุฏ ุนุดุฑ ุณู†ูˆุงุช. 90 heart rate, 100 ุนู„ู‰ 65 blood
178
00:17:21,340 --> 00:17:25,440
pressure. 20 respiratory rate. ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ puberty
179
00:17:25,440 --> 00:17:32,660
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุถุบุท ุงู„ุฏู… ู…ุณุชู‚ุฑ 110 ุนู„ู‰ 70. ุงู„ู€ heart rate
180
00:17:32,660 --> 00:17:40,040
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง 85. ูˆุงู„ู€ respiratory rate ูŠูƒูˆู† 20. ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
181
00:17:40,040 --> 00:17:46,760
ู†ูˆุนู‹ุง ู…ุง ุฃูƒุจุฑ ููŠ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ
182
00:17:46,760 --> 00:17:51,900
ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ุŒ
183
00:17:51,900 --> 00:17:59,490
more rounded and horizontal. ุงู„ุณู…ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุจูƒุณูŠุฉ ููŠ
184
00:17:59,490 --> 00:18:05,870
ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุฑุงุถูŠ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ู„ู„ุถู„ุน ุงู„ุฃูŠุณุฑ.
185
00:18:05,870 --> 00:18:13,490
ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุณู…ุน ุงู„ู€ cardiac ุจูŠุช ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ apex ุจูŠุช ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุญุท
186
00:18:13,490 --> 00:18:21,870
ุงู„ุณู…ุงุนุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุฑุงุถูŠ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ุฌู†ุจ ุงู„ุถู„ุน ู„ุจุฑุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ.
187
00:18:23,790 --> 00:18:27,930
ุฑุฏูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠู‹ุงุŒ ุงู„ู€ cardiographic ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ cardiothoracic
188
00:18:27,930 --> 00:18:36,650
ุฑูŠุดูŠูˆ ู‡ูˆ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 0.6 ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ 0.5 ููŠ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑ. ูŠุนู†ูŠ
189
00:18:36,650 --> 00:18:44,790
ู…ุนุฏู„ ุฃูˆ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุฌุณู… 0.6.
190
00:18:44,790 --> 00:18:54,460
ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู€ cardiothoracic ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุตุฏุฑ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€
191
00:18:54,460 --> 00:19:01,280
thoracic space 0.6 ููŠ ุญูŠู† ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุน ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑ 0.5. ู„ุฃู†
192
00:19:01,280 --> 00:19:03,820
ู†ุฌูŠ ู†ุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„.
193
00:19:11,630 --> 00:19:18,710
ุฃูˆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุณู†ุฌุฏู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู€ scoliosis. ู‡ูˆ
194
00:19:18,710 --> 00:19:24,010
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงู†ุญู†ุงุก ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠ ู„ู„ุนู…ูˆุฏ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑูŠ.
195
00:19:27,530 --> 00:19:31,570
A curvature of the spine that can occur in
196
00:19:31,570 --> 00:19:36,110
adolescents and young children. It is a lateral
197
00:19:36,110 --> 00:19:41,630
curvature of the spine.
198
00:19:47,880 --> 00:19:51,520
Early diagnosis and appropriate management of care.
199
00:19:51,520 --> 00:19:58,540
ุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต ุงู„ุณู„ูŠู… ูˆุงู„ุณุฑูŠุนุŒ ุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต ุงู„ู…ุจูƒุฑ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
200
00:19:58,540 --> 00:20:04,340
ุฃูˆ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุจูŠุณุงุนุฏ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ. ุจูŠุณุงุนุฏ ุฃู†
201
00:20:04,340 --> 00:20:08,880
ู†ู‚ุฏู… appropriate management ูˆ prevent the need of
202
00:20:08,880 --> 00:20:13,380
surgery. ูˆูŠู…ู†ุน ุงู„ู„ุฌูˆุก ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฌุฑุงุญูŠุฉ.
203
00:20:20,400 --> 00:20:26,360
ุจุดูƒู„ู ู…ุณุชู‚ูŠู…. ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ scoliosis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุณู…ูˆู†ู‡
204
00:20:26,360 --> 00:20:30,560
ุจุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌู†ู. ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู†ุญู†ุงุก
205
00:20:30,560 --> 00:20:36,020
ุฌุงู†ุจูŠุŒ lateral curvature of the spine. ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†
206
00:20:36,020 --> 00:20:42,680
ุทุจุนู‹ุง ููŠ ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู€ thoracic area. ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
207
00:20:42,680 --> 00:20:49,180
ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุดูˆูู‡ุง ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„. ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง Spina Bifida.
208
00:20:49,180 --> 00:20:56,360
ูุชู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุนู…ูˆุฏ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑูŠ ูˆุญุจู„ ุงู„ุดูˆูƒูŠ. ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุทุจุนู‹ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
209
00:20:56,360 --> 00:21:02,580
ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ development. ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุชุทู„ุน
210
00:21:02,580 --> 00:21:06,630
ุงุญู†ุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ููŠ
211
00:21:06,630 --> 00:21:11,270
ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฃู†ุง spinal cord ู…ุงุดูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
212
00:21:11,270 --> 00:21:15,750
spinal canal. ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ู€ spinal cord ููŠู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู€
213
00:21:15,750 --> 00:21:23,190
meningesุŒ ุงู„ุฃุบุดูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ pia mater ูˆุงู„ู€ dura mater ูˆุงู„ู€
214
00:21:23,190 --> 00:21:29,490
arachnoid mater. ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุทุจุนู‹ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ. ุงู„ุขู† ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู†
215
00:21:29,490 --> 00:21:34,350
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง Spina BifidaุŒ ูุชู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุนู…ูˆุฏ
216
00:21:34,350 --> 00:21:39,770
ุงู„ูู‚ุฑูŠุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃุญุฏ ุซู„ุงุซ ุญุงู„ุงุช. ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† Spina
217
00:21:39,770 --> 00:21:47,230
Bifida OccultaุŒ ุฃูˆ ูŠูƒูˆู† Spina Bifida ManifestaุŒ ูˆ
218
00:21:47,230 --> 00:21:51,650
Spina Bifida Manifesta ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ุฅู„ู‰ Meningocele ุฃูˆ
219
00:21:51,650 --> 00:21:56,670
Myelomeningocele. ุงู„ุขู† ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Spina
220
00:21:56,670 --> 00:22:00,910
Bifida OccultaุŒ ุดูˆ ู…ุนู†ู‰ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ OccultaุŸ Occulta
221
00:22:00,910 --> 00:22:07,150
ู…ุฎููŠุฉ. ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุด ู…ุจูŠู† ููŠ
222
00:22:07,150 --> 00:22:13,240
ุงู„ู€ skin ุฃูŠ ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ูˆู…ุด ู…ุจูŠู† ุฃูŠ ุจุฑูˆุฒุงุช. ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง
223
00:22:13,240 --> 00:22:20,040
ู†ุชุทู„ุน ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ููŠ ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ ูุฑุงุบ
224
00:22:20,040 --> 00:22:24,460
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุชุŒ ุงู„ุนู…ูˆุฏ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑูŠ ููŠ
225
00:22:24,460 --> 00:22:29,980
ุงู„ู€ vertebral column. ูˆู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ูุฑุงุบ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ
226
00:22:29,980 --> 00:22:36,080
ุฃู† ุงู„ุฌู„ุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุดุฏูˆุฏ ู„ู„ุฃุณูู„.
227
00:22:39,090 --> 00:22:42,910
ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชุฌูˆูŠู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู‡ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ุญุงุฌุฉ
228
00:22:42,910 --> 00:22:48,150
ุจุชู†ุจุช ุดุนุฑ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง hair follicle. ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุนุฑ
229
00:22:48,150 --> 00:22:53,070
ู…ู† ุจุตูŠู„ุงุช ุงู„ุดุนุฑ ุจุชู†ู…ูˆ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉุŒ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡
230
00:22:53,070 --> 00:22:57,050
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุทุจุนู‹ุง ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง Spina Bifida Occulta. ูˆุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
231
00:22:57,050 --> 00:23:01,610
ุนู„ุงุฌู‡ุง ุณู‡ู„ ู„ุฃู† ู…ุงููŠ ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงุช ุฎุงุฑุฌู‡ุง.
232
00:23:04,240 --> 00:23:09,860
ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ vertebral column ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ spine ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ
233
00:23:09,860 --> 00:23:15,700
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุณู‡ู„ุฉ ูˆุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุฃูˆ
234
00:23:15,700 --> 00:23:20,480
ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุญู„ู‚ุฉ. ุทุจุนู‹ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุชู‚ุฏู…ุฉ ุจุชุชู… ุชุดุฎูŠุต
235
00:23:20,480 --> 00:23:25,060
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ุŒ ูˆุจุชุชู… ุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุฑุงุญูŠุฉ ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„
236
00:23:25,060 --> 00:23:30,400
ุงู„ุฑุญู… ูˆุฅุบู„ุงู‚ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูุชุญุฉ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ vertebra
237
00:23:31,370 --> 00:23:35,430
and/or the spinal cord of the fetus does not
238
00:23:35,430 --> 00:23:39,210
develop properly. It is one of the most common
239
00:23:39,210 --> 00:23:46,200
birth defects. ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุดูŠูˆุนู‹ุง ู…ุน
240
00:23:46,200 --> 00:23:51,520
ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„. Occurring in two out of one thousand babies.
241
00:23:51,520 --> 00:23:56,600
ู…ู† ูƒู„ ุฃู„ู ุทูู„ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตุงุจูˆุง ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€
242
00:23:56,600 --> 00:24:00,280
diagnosis ุฃูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ. While the condition is
243
00:24:00,280 --> 00:24:03,320
permanent, early treatment is urged to avoid
244
00:24:03,320 --> 00:24:07,740
further spinal and neurological damage. ูˆูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุฃู†
245
00:24:07,740 --> 00:24:15,600
ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต ู‡ุฐุง Permanent. ูŠูุถู„ ุฃู† ุงูƒุชุดุงูู‡
246
00:24:15,600 --> 00:24:21,880
ู…ุจูƒุฑู‹ุง ูˆู…ู†ุน ุญุฏูˆุซู‡ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ูŠุณูŠุก ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง. ุฅุฐุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€
247
00:24:21,880 --> 00:24:26,560
Spina Bifida ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠูŠู†. Spina Bifida
248
00:24:26,560 --> 00:24:31,700
Occulta ูˆ Spina Bifida Manifesta. ุนุฑูู†ุง ุดูˆ ู‡ูŠ Spina
249
00:24:31,700 --> 00:24:36,680
Bifida Occulta. ุฃู† ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู€ Spina Bifida Manifesta.
250
00:24:37,400 --> 00:24:41,440
ูƒู„ู…ุฉ Manifesta ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ุธุงู‡ุฑุฉ. ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†.
251
00:24:41,440 --> 00:24:46,120
ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ spinal bifida manifesta ุจุชู†ู‚ุณู… ุฅู„ู‰
252
00:24:46,120 --> 00:24:48,920
ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง meningocel ูˆ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
253
00:24:48,920 --> 00:24:55,980
meningomyelocele ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† meningocel ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ
254
00:24:55,980 --> 00:25:03,680
ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ spinal cord ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ู†ุงุน ุงู„ุนุถู…ูŠ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ
255
00:25:04,420 --> 00:25:11,580
ููŠ ุญูŠู† ุฃู† ุงู„ุฃุบุดูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุทุฉ ุจู‡ ูˆุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุณุงุฆู„ ุตุงุฑ
256
00:25:11,580 --> 00:25:16,360
ููŠู‡ ุงู†ุจุนุงุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌ ูƒูŠุณ ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†
257
00:25:16,360 --> 00:25:22,620
ู‡ุฐุง ุทุจุนุง ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ู…ู†ู†ุฌูˆุณูŠู„ ููŠ ุญูŠู† ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
258
00:25:22,620 --> 00:25:29,500
ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ู…ู†ู†ุฌูˆู…ุงูŠู„ูˆุณูŠู„ ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€
259
00:25:29,500 --> 00:25:37,520
ู…ู†ู†ุฌูŠุฒ ุงู„ุฃุบุดูŠุฉ ูˆุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ spinal cord ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
260
00:25:37,520 --> 00:25:42,540
ุนุดุงู† ูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง meningomyelocele ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุงูŠุฉ ู…ู†ู‡
261
00:25:42,540 --> 00:25:50,260
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุชู… ููŠ ูุชุฑุฉ ุงู„ุญู…ู„ ูˆุฅุนุทุงุก ุงู„ุฃู… ุงู„ุญุงู…ู„ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ
262
00:25:50,260 --> 00:25:56,580
ูˆุงู„ููˆู„ูŠูƒ ุฃุณูŠุฏ ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ู†ุชุธู… ููŠ ูุชุฑุฉ ุงู„ุญู…ู„ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุงู„ุขู†
263
00:25:56,580 --> 00:26:00,320
ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ congenital
264
00:26:00,320 --> 00:26:01,600
developmental disorders
265
00:26:05,310 --> 00:26:10,990
ุฃูˆ developmental hip dislocation ุฅูŠู‡ ู„ู‡ุง ุงุณู… ู‚ุฏูŠู…
266
00:26:10,990 --> 00:26:15,250
ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ congenital hip dislocation CDH ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุงุณู…
267
00:26:15,250 --> 00:26:17,730
ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ developmental dislocation
268
00:26:17,730 --> 00:26:25,950
developmental dislocation of the hip DDH ูƒู„ู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง
269
00:26:25,950 --> 00:26:32,870
ุจู†ุนุฑู ููŠ ุงู„ู€ anatomy of the pelvis ุงู„ู€ pelvis ุจุชูƒูˆู†
270
00:26:33,990 --> 00:26:40,990
ู…ู† two halves one half to the right one half to
271
00:26:40,990 --> 00:26:47,090
the left ุฌุฒุก ุฃูŠู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุตู ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุธู…ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง
272
00:26:47,090 --> 00:26:53,380
coxy bone ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ุตู ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ุงู„ู€ coxy ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู…ุน
273
00:26:53,380 --> 00:26:58,600
ุจุนุถ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ู… ุงูˆุณ ูƒูˆูƒุณูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุฌุงู†ุจ ูˆุงุญุฏ
274
00:26:58,600 --> 00:27:05,560
ุงู„ู€ coxy bone ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ coxy ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซ ุนุธุงู…
275
00:27:05,560 --> 00:27:11,240
ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ ilium ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠ
276
00:27:11,240 --> 00:27:17,700
ุงู„ู€ ischium ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ pubic area ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ pubic bone
277
00:27:17,700 --> 00:27:24,480
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซ ุนุธุงู… ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซ ุนุธุงู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุจุชู„ุชุญู… ูˆ
278
00:27:24,480 --> 00:27:31,600
ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุชุฌูˆูŠู ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ุงู„ู€ acetabulum ุงู„ุญู‚ ุงู„ู€ acetabulum
279
00:27:31,600 --> 00:27:36,240
ุงู„ู€ acetabulum ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ articulation ู…ุน
280
00:27:36,240 --> 00:27:44,840
ุงู„ู€ head of femur ู…ุน ุฑุฃุณ ุนุธู…ุฉ ุงู„ูุฎุฏ ูˆุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุทุจุนุง
281
00:27:44,840 --> 00:27:49,700
ุงู„ู€ hip joint ูƒู„ู‡ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ hip joint ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ู€ acetabulum
282
00:27:49,700 --> 00:27:56,320
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ head of femur ููŠ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช
283
00:27:56,320 --> 00:28:02,840
ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุฎู„ู„ ู…ุนูŠู† ุฃูˆ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ
284
00:28:02,840 --> 00:28:10,190
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ dislocation ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุงู„ู€ head of the hip ู…ู†
285
00:28:10,190 --> 00:28:13,930
ุงู„ู€ Acetabulum ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ูƒูŠู ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
286
00:28:13,930 --> 00:28:21,010
ุงู„ู€ head of femur ู…ุด ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Acetabulum ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡
287
00:28:21,010 --> 00:28:25,390
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ู€
288
00:28:25,390 --> 00:28:31,110
developmental dislocation of the hip DDH ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃู†
289
00:28:31,110 --> 00:28:34,890
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ dislocation ุชุตูŠุฑ before
290
00:28:36,490 --> 00:28:42,030
birth ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† during birth ุฃูˆ
291
00:28:42,030 --> 00:28:50,730
shortly after birth ุฃูˆ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ุจู…ุฏุฉ ู‚ุตูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู†
292
00:28:50,730 --> 00:28:53,950
ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูƒู…ุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
293
00:28:53,950 --> 00:28:58,650
congenital coxa vara congenital coxa vara ุดูˆ
294
00:28:58,650 --> 00:29:04,970
ุงู„ู…ู‚ุตูˆุฏ ุจู€ congenital coxa vara ูƒู„ู†ุง ุจู†ุนุฑู ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡
295
00:29:04,970 --> 00:29:11,310
ุนุธู…ุฉ ุงู„ู€ hip ุฃูˆ ุนุธู…ุฉ ุงู„ูุฎุฏ ุงู„ู€ femur ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง
296
00:29:11,310 --> 00:29:16,590
ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ head of femur ุงู„ู€ neck of femur
297
00:29:16,590 --> 00:29:19,630
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ greater trochanter ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ lesser
298
00:29:19,630 --> 00:29:24,810
trochanter ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ shaft of the femur ูˆ ุชุญุชู‡
299
00:29:24,810 --> 00:29:28,990
ุจุชุนู…ู„ articulation ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ knee ุงู„ุขู† ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง
300
00:29:28,990 --> 00:29:33,470
ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุงู„ู€ neck of femur ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ shaft of femur ุจุชูƒูˆู†
301
00:29:33,470 --> 00:29:43,970
ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุทุจุนุง ู„ู‡ุง ู…ู‚ูŠุงุณ ู…ุนูŠู† ูŠูุชุฑุถ
302
00:29:43,970 --> 00:29:52,230
ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุทุจุนุง ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ male ุจูŠุฎุชู„ู ุนู† ุงู„ู€
303
00:29:52,230 --> 00:29:58,230
female any condition in which the neck shaft angle
304
00:29:58,230 --> 00:30:03,070
ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ
305
00:30:03,070 --> 00:30:10,120
ู‡ุฐู‡ less than normal which is about one hundred
306
00:30:10,120 --> 00:30:15,020
twenty five degrees ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู†
307
00:30:15,020 --> 00:30:22,600
ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ูƒูˆูƒุณุง ูุงุฑุฉ ุฅุฐุง
308
00:30:22,600 --> 00:30:27,340
ูƒุงู†ุช ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆุฎู…ุณุฉ
309
00:30:27,340 --> 00:30:30,240
ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู…ู† ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ู„ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุซู„ุงุซูŠู†
310
00:30:30,240 --> 00:30:30,720
311
00:30:33,320 --> 00:30:38,620
ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ู…ุงุฆุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุญุงู„ุฉ ู…ุฑุถูŠุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง
312
00:30:38,620 --> 00:30:44,820
ุงู„ูƒูˆูƒุณุงูุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู‚ู„ ูˆู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡
313
00:30:44,820 --> 00:30:50,340
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุจูŠู…ุดูŠ ุจู…ุดูŠ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ู…ุงุดูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจุทุฉ ู…ุงุดูŠุฉ
314
00:30:50,340 --> 00:30:57,400
ุงู„ุจุทุฉ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ู…ุงุฆุฉ ูˆุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุซู„ุงุซูŠู† ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ
315
00:30:57,400 --> 00:31:00,160
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง
316
00:31:00,160 --> 00:31:01,560
ุงู„ูƒูˆูƒุณุงูุงุฑุฉ
317
00:31:04,430 --> 00:31:13,430
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุนุฑุถ ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุงุณ
318
00:31:13,430 --> 00:31:20,330
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ bone ุญุงุฌุฉ ูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง Leg Calve
319
00:31:20,330 --> 00:31:27,050
Perthes disease it is an osteo or it is
320
00:31:27,050 --> 00:31:31,190
osteochondritis of the epiphysis of the femoral
321
00:31:31,190 --> 00:31:37,500
head ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ Leg Calve Perthes ุตุงุฑ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู€ femoral
322
00:31:37,500 --> 00:31:44,180
head ูˆู‡ูˆ ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ epiphysis ู‡ุฐุง ุตุงุฑ ููŠู‡ ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
323
00:31:44,180 --> 00:31:51,320
inflammation ุฃูˆุณุชูŠูˆูƒู†ุฏุฑูŠุชุณ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุงู„ู€ osteochondritis
324
00:31:51,320 --> 00:31:56,320
ุตุงุฑ ููŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูˆู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุงู„ู€ weight bearing ุตุงุฑ ููŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
325
00:31:56,320 --> 00:32:04,350
destruction ู„ู„ู€ growth center ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู†ู…ูˆ
326
00:32:04,350 --> 00:32:09,370
ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุทุฑู ูˆููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุณูŠุตุจุญ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุทูู„ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
327
00:32:09,370 --> 00:32:14,290
ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠูƒุจุฑ ูˆู„ุง ูŠุตุจุญ ู„ุฏูŠู‡ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู†ู…ูˆ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุทุฑู
328
00:32:14,290 --> 00:32:22,230
ุงู„ุญู„ ู„ู‡ู… ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ุจูŠุฎู„ูˆุง ุงู„ุทูู„ ูŠุฑูƒุจ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ูŠู…ู†ุน
329
00:32:22,230 --> 00:32:28,050
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุญู…ูŠู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุทุฑู ููŠ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ูˆู‚ูˆู ูˆุงู„ู…ุดูŠ
330
00:32:28,050 --> 00:32:34,000
ูˆูŠูุถู„ ู„ู‡ู… ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ุงู„ุฑุงุญุฉ ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุชุชุนุงู„ุฌ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€
331
00:32:34,000 --> 00:32:38,740
Osteochondritis slipped capital femoral epiphysis
332
00:32:38,740 --> 00:32:44,420
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุทุจุนุง ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู† ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†
333
00:32:44,420 --> 00:32:47,960
ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ normal head of femur
334
00:32:47,960 --> 00:32:56,280
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ normal place ู„ู‡ุง ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ slipping
335
00:32:56,280 --> 00:33:04,610
ุตุงุฑ ุฅุฒุงุญุฉ ู„ู„ู€ head of femur ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ
336
00:33:04,610 --> 00:33:08,690
ุงู„ุบุงู„ุจ ู†ุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู† developmental hip abnormalities
337
00:33:08,690 --> 00:33:12,390
ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง fractures ุฃูˆ bosses traumatic
338
00:33:12,390 --> 00:33:17,630
abnormalities ุงู„ู€ adolescent hip pain ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†
339
00:33:17,630 --> 00:33:24,970
ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุณุจุจ ู…ู† ุฃุณุจุงุจู‡ุง
340
00:33:24,970 --> 00:33:30,440
ู„ู„ู€ tumors ุงู„ู€ Malignancies ุงู„ุฃูˆุฑุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู†
341
00:33:30,440 --> 00:33:37,220
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ syndromes
342
00:33:37,220 --> 00:33:40,220
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
343
00:33:40,220 --> 00:33:44,840
ุจุชุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ development neuromuscular
344
00:33:44,840 --> 00:33:50,500
diseases ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ cerebral palsy ุงู„ุดู„ู„ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบูŠ
345
00:33:50,500 --> 00:33:54,480
ูƒู„ู…ุฉ cerebral palsy it's a term used
346
00:33:59,510 --> 00:34:03,850
body movement and muscle coordination ู‡ูŠ ู…ุตุทู„ุญ
347
00:34:03,850 --> 00:34:11,990
ุจูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ู„ุชูˆุตูŠู ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰
348
00:34:11,990 --> 00:34:17,390
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ coordination ูˆุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ movement ููŠ ุงู„ู€
349
00:34:17,390 --> 00:34:23,970
upper ูˆ lower limbs ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Cognitive
350
00:34:23,970 --> 00:34:28,750
Function ูƒู…ุงู† It is caused by damage to one or
351
00:34:28,750 --> 00:34:33,590
more specific areas of the brain ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุณุจุจ
352
00:34:33,590 --> 00:34:38,850
ุชุจุนู‡ุง ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ brain usually
353
00:34:38,850 --> 00:34:43,110
occurring during fetal development or infancy ููŠ
354
00:34:43,110 --> 00:34:50,680
ุงู„ุบุงู„ุจ ุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ุญู…ู„ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุชุนุฑุถ ุงู„ุฃู… ู„ุนุฏุฉ
355
00:34:50,680 --> 00:34:56,500
ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุณุจุจ ููŠ ู…ุดุงูƒู„ development of the
356
00:34:56,500 --> 00:35:04,160
fetus ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุชุดูˆู‡ุงุช ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰
357
00:35:04,160 --> 00:35:10,420
ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ normal development of the brain of the
358
00:35:10,420 --> 00:35:17,340
child it also can occur before during or shortly
359
00:35:17,340 --> 00:35:18,740
following birth
360
00:35:22,520 --> 00:35:28,580
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุฃู† ุงู„ุฃู… ุชุชุนุฑุถ ู„ู€ teratogens ุชุชุนุฑุถ
361
00:35:28,580 --> 00:35:33,780
ู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู„ูˆุซุงุช
362
00:35:33,780 --> 00:35:38,140
ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุคุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆ ุฒูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃู… ุชุชุนุฑุถ
363
00:35:38,140 --> 00:35:43,980
ู„ุฃุดุนุฉ ููŠ ูุชุฑุฉ ุงู„ุญู…ู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุณุจุจ ู…ู† ุฃุณุจุงุจ ุงู„ู€
364
00:35:43,980 --> 00:35:49,060
cerebral palsy ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ุญู…ู„ during birth
365
00:35:49,060 --> 00:35:50,220
ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ
366
00:35:54,560 --> 00:35:59,360
ุฃูˆ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู€ forceps delivery ุตุงุฑ
367
00:35:59,360 --> 00:36:04,480
ููŠู‡ damage ุฃูˆ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ู„ู…ุฏุฉ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุณู†ุชูŠู† ุฃูŠ
368
00:36:04,480 --> 00:36:09,680
traumatic brain injury ุฃูˆ ุฃูŠ ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ูŠุดุฎุต
369
00:36:09,680 --> 00:36:15,840
ุงู„ุทูู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ cerebral palsy cerebral palsy is
370
00:36:15,840 --> 00:36:18,460
neither progressive nor communicable
371
00:36:24,130 --> 00:36:30,690
ู‡ูˆ ู…ุด ู…ุฑุถ ู…ุนุฏ ูˆู…ุด ู…ุฑุถ ู…ุชุทูˆุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู†ู‡
372
00:36:30,690 --> 00:36:37,270
ุฎู„ุงุต ุตุงุฑุช ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุจุชุธู„ู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ู„ูƒู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ
373
00:36:37,270 --> 00:36:41,310
ุชุจุนูŠุงุช ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ู‚ู„ุฉ ุงู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู… ู‚ู„ุฉ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
374
00:36:41,310 --> 00:36:46,010
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุชุถุงุนู ุฃูˆ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ู…ุถุงุนูุงุช ู„ู‡ุฐู‡
375
00:36:46,010 --> 00:36:51,800
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู„ูƒู† ูˆุถุน ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุจูŠุธู„ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ it's important
376
00:36:51,800 --> 00:36:54,980
to know that cerebral palsy is not a disease, it
377
00:36:54,980 --> 00:36:59,720
is not contagious and does not get worse, ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด
378
00:36:59,720 --> 00:37:06,500
ู…ุฑุถ ู…ุนุฏูŠุŒ ู…ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุชุบูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ brainุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
379
00:37:06,500 --> 00:37:11,120
ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู…ุฏู…ุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ brainุŒ ู„ุฃ ุจุชุธู„
380
00:37:11,120 --> 00:37:21,860
ุชุงุจุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูˆู„ุฏูˆุง ุจู€ Cerebral Palsy ู‡ูŠุฏู„ูˆุง
381
00:37:21,860 --> 00:37:27,980
ุทูˆู„ ุนู…ุฑู‡ ู…ุน Cerebral Palsy. Cerebral Palsy ู‡ูˆ ุดุฎุต
382
00:37:27,980 --> 00:37:29,900
ู…ูุตุงุจ ู…ู† ุบู„ุทุฉ
383
00:37:32,140 --> 00:37:37,140
control motor function particularly muscle control
384
00:37:37,140 --> 00:37:41,420
and coordination. ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ุณูŠุฑุจุฑุง
385
00:37:41,420 --> 00:37:45,960
ุงู„ุจู†ุณูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุญุฑูƒูŠุฉ motor ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ
386
00:37:45,960 --> 00:37:50,460
ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… functional problems ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„
387
00:37:50,460 --> 00:37:53,740
disturbance ููŠ ุงู„ gate ููŠ ุงู„ mobility ููŠ ุงู„
388
00:37:53,740 --> 00:37:58,230
balance. ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… involuntary movement ุทุจุนุง
389
00:37:58,230 --> 00:38:00,950
ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุณู„ูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุจุงู„ุณูŠ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠู†
390
00:38:00,950 --> 00:38:05,490
ู‡ุชุฏุฑุณูˆู‡ ุจุดูŠุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุณู†ูˆุงุช ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ู…ุน
391
00:38:05,490 --> 00:38:09,690
ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ foot
392
00:38:09,690 --> 00:38:14,490
ankle disorders ูˆู‡ุง ุช ุทุจุนุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุดูˆูู‡ุง
393
00:38:14,490 --> 00:38:18,910
ููŠ ู…ุฑุงุญู„ ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุทูู„ ูŠู†ูˆู„ุฏ ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง club
394
00:38:18,910 --> 00:38:25,570
foot ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ูƒูŠู ุงู„ club food ุงู„ club
395
00:38:25,570 --> 00:38:32,950
food ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุชู„ุจุณ equinovarus ุงู„ุชุดูˆู‡
396
00:38:32,950 --> 00:38:40,030
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู‡ู†ุง ุทุจุนุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ club food ุฃูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู†
397
00:38:40,030 --> 00:38:46,410
ุชู„ุจุณ calcaneovalgus ุตุงุฑุช ุทู„ุนุช ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ูƒูุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุฏู…
398
00:38:46,410 --> 00:38:49,470
ุฏุงุฎู„
399
00:38:49,470 --> 00:38:55,200
ู„ุฌูˆุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ุนุฉ ู„ุจุฑุง ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจุณ ูƒุงู„ูƒูŠู†ูŠูˆ ูุงู„ุฌุงุณ
400
00:38:55,200 --> 00:39:00,120
ุทุจุนุง ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจุณ ุงู„ foot ูˆ calcaneus
401
00:39:00,120 --> 00:39:06,250
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ bones of the foot ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุง
402
00:39:06,250 --> 00:39:11,110
ุจูŠุณุจู„ุงู†ุณ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ flat foot ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ
403
00:39:11,110 --> 00:39:17,530
ู‡ูˆ ุฅู† ู‚ูˆุณ ุงู„ู‚ุฏู… ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ุชู‚ูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
404
00:39:17,530 --> 00:39:22,210
ุงู„ู‚ุฏู… ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุจูŠุณุจู„ุงู†ุณ ุฃูˆ
405
00:39:22,210 --> 00:39:28,010
flat foot ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ู€
406
00:39:28,010 --> 00:39:31,930
down syndrome ุงู„ down syndrome ุทุจุนุง ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
407
00:39:31,930 --> 00:39:41,010
mental retardation ูˆ degree of various ุงู„ down
408
00:39:41,010 --> 00:39:48,050
syndrome ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฎู„ู„ ุฌูŠู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช It
409
00:39:48,050 --> 00:39:52,410
is a chromosomal disorder caused by presence of
410
00:39:52,410 --> 00:39:57,770
all or part of an extra 21st chromosomeุŒ ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ
411
00:39:57,770 --> 00:40:04,830
ุงู„ู€ Chromosome ุฑู‚ู… 21. The
412
00:40:04,830 --> 00:40:07,970
condition is characterized by combination of major
413
00:40:07,970 --> 00:40:10,190
and minor differences in structure
414
00:40:19,430 --> 00:40:25,210
ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ุง ูŠู…ูŠุฒู‡ู… ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ูˆุฌู‡ ูˆูƒูŠู ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุทุจุนุง
415
00:40:25,210 --> 00:40:28,370
ุจุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ
416
00:40:28,370 --> 00:40:34,070
ู„ุฃู† ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ
417
00:40:34,070 --> 00:40:37,050
ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„
418
00:40:37,050 --> 00:40:45,430
development ุทุจุนุงู‹ ู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูุญุต ูˆู†ุชุนุฑู
419
00:40:45,430 --> 00:40:53,050
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุทูู„ ููŠ ูุชุฑุฉ ุงู„ุญู…ู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุณุญุจ ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ู†
420
00:40:53,050 --> 00:41:00,090
ุงู„ fluid amniotic fluid ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุฌู†ูŠู† ุทุจุนุง
421
00:41:00,090 --> 00:41:02,590
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุจุณู…ูˆู‡ุง amniocentesis
422
00:41:06,350 --> 00:41:12,410
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุทุจุนุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠู†ุนู…ู„ ูุญุต during birth during
423
00:41:12,410 --> 00:41:18,570
pregnancy ุฃูˆ at birth. ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ down
424
00:41:18,570 --> 00:41:24,730
syndrome ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุจุนุถ ุงู„ features ุงู„ู„ูŠ
425
00:41:24,730 --> 00:41:28,510
ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ. Small number have severe to profound
426
00:41:28,510 --> 00:41:34,020
mental disability. ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ู… ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฅุนุงู‚ุฉ
427
00:41:34,020 --> 00:41:37,620
ุนู‚ู„ูŠุฉ ุดุฏูŠุฏุฉ. The incidence of Down syndrome is
428
00:41:37,620 --> 00:41:44,500
estimated 1 ู„ูƒู„ 800 ุฃูˆ ุฃู„ู ุจูŠุฑุช 1 ู…ู† ูƒู„ 800 ุฅู„ู‰
429
00:41:44,500 --> 00:41:56,280
1000 ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠู†ูˆู„ุฏ Down syndrome ู…ู†
430
00:41:56,280 --> 00:42:01,980
ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ features
431
00:42:01,980 --> 00:42:05,340
Down syndrome may also appear in people with a
432
00:42:05,340 --> 00:42:09,480
standard set of chromosomes including microgenia
433
00:42:09,480 --> 00:42:16,480
and abnormally small chin and unusually round face
434
00:42:16,480 --> 00:42:22,100
protruding or oversized tongue and almond shape
435
00:42:22,100 --> 00:42:30,520
of the eyes. ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„ู„ุณุงู† ุญุฌู… ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุฃูˆ ุจุงุฑุฒ ู…ู…ูƒู†
436
00:42:30,520 --> 00:42:35,100
ูŠูƒูˆู† ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู†
437
00:42:35,100 --> 00:42:45,380
ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ almond shape ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูˆุฒุฉ ูˆููŠ
438
00:42:45,380 --> 00:42:50,960
ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ epicanthic fold of the eyelid. ุดุฑุท
439
00:42:50,960 --> 00:42:57,680
ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุนูŠู†ู‡ู… ู…ุดุฑูˆุทุฉ. ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุฃู‡ู… ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ
440
00:42:57,680 --> 00:43:02,570
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุถู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
441
00:43:02,570 --> 00:43:06,130
ู…ุนู‡ู… ูˆ ูŠุฏูŠุฑูˆุง ุจุงู„ู‡ู… ู…ุน ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุทุจุนุง higher
442
00:43:06,130 --> 00:43:10,730
risk of congenital heart defects gastroesophageal
443
00:43:10,730 --> 00:43:14,650
reflux disease recurrent ear infections
444
00:43:14,650 --> 00:43:21,890
obstructive sleep apnea thyroid dysfunction. ุฃู‡ู…
445
00:43:21,890 --> 00:43:26,430
ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุจุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ ุงู„ู€ Oriental eye tongue protrusion
446
00:43:27,690 --> 00:43:34,070
ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุทุจุนุง ูƒูŠู ุดูƒู„ู‡ุง ุจุฑูˆุฒ ุงู„ู„ุณุงู† short arms and
447
00:43:34,070 --> 00:43:40,910
legs simian crease ุทุจุนุง ุฅูŠุฏูŠู‡ู… ููŠู‡ุง fold ูˆุงุญุฏ
448
00:43:40,910 --> 00:43:46,250
ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุท ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฅูŠุฏ internal organs
449
00:43:46,250 --> 00:43:50,190
congenital heart defect ููŠ ุงู„ุบุงู„ุจ ููŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†
450
00:43:50,190 --> 00:43:51,530
ููŠู‡ู… ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ
451
00:43:56,180 --> 00:44:01,960
ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… stenosis ุฃูˆ narrowing ููŠ blood
452
00:44:01,960 --> 00:44:09,060
vessels. ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุฃู‡ู… ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
453
00:44:09,060 --> 00:44:17,960
ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ down syndrome. ุจุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ syndromes ู…ุด ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ู‡ู…
454
00:44:17,960 --> 00:44:18,700
ู„ู†ุง