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ุจุณู
ุงููู ุงูุฑุญู
ู ุงูุฑุญูู
ุณูุชุญุฏุซ ุงูููู
ุฅู ุดุงุก ุงููู ุนู
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ุงูู non-nuclear phagocytes in immune defense ุฏูุฑูุง
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ุงูุฃุณุงุณู ูู
ุงุฐุง ุชุนู
ู
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ุงูู macrophage ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู highly efficient phagocytes
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00:00:26,000 --> 00:00:31,480
ูุนูู ุฏูุฑูุง ุงูุฃุณุงุณู phagocytic cell ุจุดูู ุฃุณุงุณู ููู
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00:00:31,480 --> 00:00:37,360
ุชูุนุจ ุฏูุฑูุง ู
ูู
ุฉ ูู ุงูู pathogen ุฅุนูุงู ูุฅุทูุงู
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ูุฅุฒุงูุฉ ูุนูู ูู
ุงู ุจุชุดูู ูู ุงูุฏุจุฑูุฒ ูู ุงูู cells ุงููู
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ู
ุงุชุช ู
ู ุงูู
ุฌุชู
ุน ูู
ุด
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ุจุณ ููู ุงูู macrophage ุจุชุนุจุฑ ูุจูุฑ ูู
ุงู ูู ุงูู cell
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mediated immunity ู recognition of an intracellular
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pathogen ูdefense against them ุฒู ุงูู mycobacteria
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ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุชูููู ู
ุง ูุณู
ู ุจุงูู Granuloma accumulation
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of the site of infection and formation of the
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granuloma ุงูุฌุฏูู ุงูุชุงูู ููุจูู ููุง ุฏูุฑ ูู ู
ู ุงูู
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macrophage ู dendritic cell in cell in immune
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defense mechanism ููุดูู ู
ู ุงููุธุฑุฉ ุงูุฃููู ูููุงุญุธ ุฃู
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00:01:25,310 --> 00:01:30,110
ุงูู Macrophage ููุง ุณุช ูุธุงุฆู ุฃู ุจุชูุนุจ ูู ุณุช ุงุชุฌุงูุงุช
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ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ู
ุงุดู ููุง ุฏูุฑ ุฃุณุงุณู ูู ุงูู innate immunity
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00:01:34,730 --> 00:01:39,570
and Optical Clearance ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงูู Non-specific ุฃู
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00:01:39,570 --> 00:01:45,350
Non-opsinic Receptor ุฃููุงุฌูู ุณูุชูุณุณ ู
ุงุดู ูุฐู ุงูุฏูุฑ
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ุงูุฃุณุงุณู ูู
ุงู ุชูุนุจ ุฏูุฑ ูุจูุฑ ูู ุงูู acquired humoral
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immunity ูู
ู ุฎูุงู Antibody and Complement Dependent
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Phagocytosis and Cytotoxicity ูู ุฑูุณุจุชุฑ ุนูู ุณุทุญูุง
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00:01:58,010 --> 00:02:04,230
ููุฐู ุงูุนูุงุตุฑ ููุง ุฏูุฑ ูุจูุฑ ูู ุงูู inflammation and
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repair and tissue injury ู
ู ุฎูุงู certain mediators
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At of local and systemic response So one can ูุนูู
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at site of infection or at distance ุงููู ูุฏูู
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ุฃุณุงุณู ูู ุงูู acquired immunity ู
ู ุฎูุงู antigen
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processing and presentation ูุทุจุนุงุชุฑุชูุจูุง ููู
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00:02:31,200 --> 00:02:35,400
Dendritic cell ุซู
ููู
ููุฑูููุฑุฌ ุฃูุถูุง ููุง ุฏูุฑ ูู ุงูู
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00:02:35,400 --> 00:02:38,820
Acquired Cellular Immunity ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงูู Activation
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00:02:38,820 --> 00:02:44,020
Activation of Macrophage Effector Mechanism By ุงูู
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00:02:44,020 --> 00:02:49,720
NK and T Cell ู ูุฐุง ู
ููุงูุฒู
ุญูููุง ููู ุณุงุจููุง ุซู
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00:02:49,720 --> 00:02:56,320
ุฃูุถูุง ููุง ุฏูุฑ ูู ุงูู Immunosuppression ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงูู
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00:02:56,320 --> 00:03:03,960
Tolerance Versus Auto-immunity ูุฐู ุงูุฃุฏูุงุฑ ูุซูุฑุฉ
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00:03:03,960 --> 00:03:12,560
ูู
ูู
ุฉ ุฌุฏูุง ูู ุงูู Immune Defense ูุณู
ููู
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00:03:12,560 --> 00:03:21,880
ุฅูู two populations ุฌุงูู ูู Resident or
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00:03:21,880 --> 00:03:26,640
stationary macrophage ุจู
ุนูู ุงููุง ุฌุงุนุฏุฉ ูู organs
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00:03:26,640 --> 00:03:27,540
ู
ุซุงุจุชุฉ
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00:03:30,110 --> 00:03:33,690
ุญุงุฌุฉ ุชุฏุฎู ุนูู ูุฐุง ุงูู organs ุฏูุฑูุง ุงูุฃุณุงุณู ุงููุง
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00:03:33,690 --> 00:03:39,790
ุชุฎูุตูุง ู
ูู ููู ุงููู ูู circulatory macrophage ุฃู
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00:03:39,790 --> 00:03:42,990
ู
ุง ุชุณู
ู ุงูู recruited macrophage ุงููู ุจูุงุฏู ุนูููุง
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00:03:42,990 --> 00:03:46,610
at site of infection ุฌุฏูู ูุฐุง ุชุจูู ุงู ุงูู resident
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00:03:46,610 --> 00:03:51,010
tissue macrophage population ุงุณู
ูุง ูู ุงูุนุถุงุก
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00:03:51,010 --> 00:03:55,850
ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ู
ู ุงูุฌุณู
ููุธููุชูุง ุฃูุถุง ูุนูู ุนูู ุณุจูู
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00:03:55,850 --> 00:03:59,030
ุงูู
ุซุงู ูู ุงูู bone marrow ูู stromal macrophage ุดู ุฏูุฑูุงุ
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00:03:59,320 --> 00:04:02,920
ูุฌุจ ุฃู ุชุชุนุงู
ู ู
ุน ุจูุงูุงุช ุงูููู
ูุจูุงุชูููุฉ ู ุชุญุฑุฑ
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00:04:02,920 --> 00:04:10,560
ุงูููููููุงุช ุงูููููููุงุช ุชุจุน ุงูู RBCs ูู ุงูู liver ูููุฑ
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00:04:10,560 --> 00:04:15,180
ุชุนู
ู ุชูุฑูู ุจูุงูุงุช ู ููู
ุจูููุณูู ู
ู ุงูุฏู
ูู ุงูู spleen
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00:04:15,180 --> 00:04:18,660
ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูู red polyps ู ูู ุงูู white polyps ู
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00:04:18,660 --> 00:04:25,930
ุฃูุถูุง ุชุนู
ู ุชูุฑูู ูุณูุณูุช ู ุฃุจูุจุชู ุจูุงูุงุช ูููุฐุง ูู ูู
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00:04:25,930 --> 00:04:30,050
ุนุถู ู
ู ุงูุฃุนุถุงุก ุงููู ูู ุงุณู
ู
ุนูู and it's distinct
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wished from other ุงููู ูู specific phenotypic
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00:04:35,590 --> 00:04:42,830
appearance ุจุชุฎุชูู ู
ู ุนุถู ุฅูู ุนุถู ุงูู macrophage
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00:04:42,830 --> 00:04:46,990
ุฃูุถูุง can regulate ูุฒู ู
ุง ุฃูุชู
ุดุงูููู ููู ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู
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00:04:46,990 --> 00:04:51,960
signal can activate ููู ุงููู ูู ุงูู macrophage ุนูู
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ุณุจูู ุงูู
ุซุงู ุงูู Hypoxia-Inducible Factor ุงููู ูู ุงูู Hypoxia
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00:04:55,860 --> 00:04:57,480
Inducible Factor ุงููู ูู ุงูู Hypoxia Inducible Factor ุงููู ูู
59
00:04:57,480 --> 00:04:57,880
ุงูู Hypoxia Inducible Factor ุงููู ูู ุงูู Hypoxia Inducible
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00:04:57,880 --> 00:04:59,040
Factor ุงููู ูู ุงูู Hypoxia Inducible Factor ุงููู ูู ุงูู Hypoxia
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00:04:59,040 --> 00:04:59,860
Inducible Factor ุงููู ูู ุงูู Hypoxia Inducible Factor ุงููู ูู ุงูู Hypoxia
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00:04:59,860 --> 00:05:00,540
Inducible Factor ุงููู ูู ุงูู Hypoxia Inducible Factor ุงููู ูู ุงูู
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00:05:00,540 --> 00:05:03,620
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ุงููู ูู ุงูู Hypoxia Inducible Factor
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00:05:03,620 --> 00:05:09,480
ุงููู ูู ุงูู Hypoxia Inducible Factor ุฃูุถูุง ูู
ูู ุชูุนููู
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00:05:09,480 --> 00:05:14,960
ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
ุฅูุนูุงุช ุงูู cytokine ุชู
ุฑ ููุฑูุณูุณ ุฌุงู
ุง
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00:05:14,960 --> 00:05:19,680
ุงูุชุฑููุฑูู
ุชู
ุฅุทูุงูู ู
ู ุชู
ุฑ ุชููุจุฑ 1 ููู ูู
ูู ุชูุนููู
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00:05:19,680 --> 00:05:24,020
ุฃูุถูุง ูู ุงูู macrophage ูู
ู ุซู
ููุณูู ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุจุชุฏุน
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00:05:24,020 --> 00:05:30,460
ุนุจุฏุงููุจูุฑ ูู ุงูู pro-inflammatory mediator ููู
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00:05:30,460 --> 00:05:34,380
ุงูู cell mediated immunity ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุชูุดูุท ุฃู ู
ุง ูุณู
ู
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00:05:34,380 --> 00:05:38,210
ุจุงูุฌุฑุงูููููู
ุง ุงููู ุชููุน ุญูููุง ุนูู ุงูุชุฎูุต ู
ู ุชุฌุงุฑุจ
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00:05:38,210 --> 00:05:44,170
ุงูู Hypersensitivity ุฃูุถูุง ุงูู Monocytes ูู
ูู ุฃู
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ูููููุง ู
ูุนูููู ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุชุญุณูู ุงูุงุฎุชุตุงุต ุงูุฎุงุต ุจู MHC
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00:05:49,690 --> 00:05:54,150
Class 2 ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุชุญุณู ุงูู antigen presentation ุฃูุถูุง
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00:05:54,150 --> 00:05:58,450
ูู
ูู ุฃู ูุชุญุณู ุงูู endocytosis ู
ู ุฎูุงู ูุฐู ุงูุชูููุฉ
75
00:05:58,450 --> 00:06:04,270
ุฃู ู
ู ุฎูุงู ูุฐู ุงูุชูููุฉ ูุฅู ูุงูุช ูุฐู ุงูุชูููุฉ ููุท
76
00:06:04,270 --> 00:06:09,230
ู
ุณุชุฎุฏู
ุฉ ุงูู endocytosis ุฅูู
ุง ุงูู killing process is
77
00:06:09,230 --> 00:06:13,550
not efficient ุจูุฐุง ุงูุชูููู ุฃู ุจูุฐุง ุงูู procedure
78
00:06:13,550 --> 00:06:17,050
ุงููุฌู
79
00:06:17,050 --> 00:06:22,070
ุงูุขุฎุฑ ุฃู ุงูุซุงูุซ ููู macrophage ุงูู can induce anti
80
00:06:22,070 --> 00:06:25,070
inflammatory response by releasing certain
81
00:06:25,070 --> 00:06:31,410
cytokine ุฒู ุงูู IL-10 ุฏู ูู which can induce the
82
00:06:31,410 --> 00:06:33,570
secretion of transforming growth factor beta
83
00:06:34,640 --> 00:06:38,880
ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุจุชุดุชุบู ุจุชุตูุฑ Deactivated Macrophage
84
00:06:38,880 --> 00:06:47,700
ูุจุงูุชุงูู it's an anti-inflammatory response ูุจุฏุฃ
85
00:06:47,700 --> 00:06:51,280
ู
ุฑุงุช ุจู pro-inflammatory a release of certain
86
00:06:51,280 --> 00:06:52,180
mediators
87
00:06:54,980 --> 00:06:59,640
ุจุฏูุฑ ุฃุณุงุณู ูู
ุงู ุจุชูุนุจ ุฏูุฑ ูุจูุฑ ูู Anti-inflammatory
88
00:06:59,640 --> 00:07:05,340
ู it can be alternatively activated ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงููู
89
00:07:05,340 --> 00:07:09,020
ูู ุงูู endocytosis process ุงููู can be induced
90
00:07:09,020 --> 00:07:12,460
which ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุจููุฏุฑ ูููู ุงู ุงูู signals from
91
00:07:12,460 --> 00:07:16,580
microbial products or phytocytosis and cytokine
92
00:07:16,580 --> 00:07:23,220
ูููุง ุจุชุฃุฏู ุฅูู ุงููู ูู ุฃูุฌู ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูู Macrophage
93
00:07:23,220 --> 00:07:28,540
ูุชูุดูุทุงุช ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูู Macrophage ูุฏูุฑ ุฃุณุงุณู ูู ู
ูุงูุน
94
00:07:28,540 --> 00:07:33,380
ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ู
ุง ูู ุงูู Secretory Products which are
95
00:07:33,380 --> 00:07:37,460
released from Macrophageุ ููุฐุง ุฌุฏูู ุจูุจูู ุฃููุง
96
00:07:37,460 --> 00:07:42,700
Different Secretory Product ุชูุชุฌ ู
ู ุงูู Macrophage
97
00:07:42,700 --> 00:07:45,760
ูุฃูู ูุงุญุฏ ูู ุงููู ูู Molecular Weight Metabolites
98
00:07:45,760 --> 00:07:50,280
ุฒู ูู Reactive Oxygen ู Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู
99
00:07:50,280 --> 00:07:50,400
Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู
100
00:07:50,400 --> 00:07:51,660
Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู
101
00:07:51,660 --> 00:07:54,160
Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู
102
00:07:54,160 --> 00:07:58,260
Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู
103
00:07:58,260 --> 00:08:03,640
Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู
104
00:08:03,640 --> 00:08:03,900
Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู
105
00:08:03,900 --> 00:08:08,820
Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู
106
00:08:08,820 --> 00:08:14,760
Nitrogen ู Nitrogen ู
107
00:08:14,760 --> 00:08:18,260
Nitrogen ู
ู ุงูู cytokine ุณูุงุก ูุงูุช stimulatory ุฃู
108
00:08:18,260 --> 00:08:20,640
inhibitory ุฒู ุงูู transforming growth factor beta
109
00:08:20,640 --> 00:08:28,320
ุฃูุถูุง it can release certain chemokine ุฒู ุงููู ูู
110
00:08:28,320 --> 00:08:36,660
CCL2 ู 3 ุฃู 4 ุฃู 5 ุฃู 8 ูููู
ููู
ุฏูุฑ ูุจูุฑ ูุงููู ูู
111
00:08:36,660 --> 00:08:42,370
ุงููู ูู ุงูู receptors ูู ู
ูุงูุน ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ุฃุฏููุฌู
112
00:08:42,370 --> 00:08:46,250
ุงูู molecules ุงููุงุจุฑูููุชุฑุงุชุฑูู
ุจุณุจุฑุฏูู ูุฏู ุจูุนุจ ุฏูุฑ
113
00:08:46,250 --> 00:08:48,730
ูุจูุฑ ูู ุงูู optimization Matrix adhesion ูู
114
00:08:48,730 --> 00:08:54,870
ุงูู phagocytosis ูู ุงูู Phagocytic cells complement ุจุชูุชุฌ
115
00:08:54,870 --> 00:09:02,430
ูู ุงูู complement ุฃุดูุฑูุง C3 ูุจุชูุนุจ ุฏูุฑ ูุจูุฑ ูู local
116
00:09:02,430 --> 00:09:07,810
optimizer Procoagulant ุจุชูุชุฌ ุงูู Tissue factor ูุฐุง
117
00:09:07,810 --> 00:09:10,170
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู plotting cascade
118
00:09:14,570 --> 00:09:19,290
factor ู ุฃูุถูุง ุชูุฑุฒ ุฅูุฒูู
ู
ุซู Lysosome ,
119
00:09:19,290 --> 00:09:23,190
Elastase, Collagenase, Urokinase ูููู
ุจููุนุจูุง ุฏูุฑ
120
00:09:23,190 --> 00:09:28,550
ูุจูุฑ ูู Gram Positive Bacterial Lysis Lysosome ู
121
00:09:28,550 --> 00:09:34,070
Urokinase ู
ุซู Fibrinolysis ูููุฐุง ุทูุจ
122
00:09:34,070 --> 00:09:39,160
ูุฌู ูุฃูุฏ ูุฐุง ุงูููุงู
ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงููุชุงุจุฉ Macrophage,
123
00:09:39,260 --> 00:09:42,220
Myeloid, Dendritic Cells and Osteoclast ูููู
124
00:09:42,220 --> 00:09:48,740
ุจูุทูุนูุง ู
ู ุงูู bone marrow Monocytes ูููู
ู
ุงุดู ู
ู
ูู ุชูุฑุดูู
125
00:09:48,740 --> 00:09:53,000
ู
ู ุงูู
ุดุงุฑูุฉ ููู Monocytes ูู ุชุญูููุง ุงู ูู resident
126
00:09:53,000 --> 00:09:55,960
macrophages ุงููู which are widely distributed
127
00:09:55,960 --> 00:09:59,120
throughout the body ู they are phenotypically
128
00:09:59,120 --> 00:10:03,050
distinct populations ูุนูู ุจูุฎุชูููุง ุจุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูู
ูุทูุฉ
129
00:10:03,050 --> 00:10:08,550
within the different zones of spleen, lymph nodes
130
00:10:08,550 --> 00:10:14,250
or whatever the organ is. Resident macrophage and
131
00:10:14,250 --> 00:10:19,530
recruited macrophage respond according to locally
132
00:10:19,530 --> 00:10:23,370
produced cytokine ุญุณุจ ุงู cytokine ุงูู
ุตูุฉ ูุนูู ุณุจูู
133
00:10:23,370 --> 00:10:30,800
ุงูู
ุซุงู QTL-1 Secret Gamma Interferon ุจุฅู
ูุงููุง ุชุญุณู
134
00:10:30,800 --> 00:10:34,200
ุงูุงูุชูุงุจุงุช inflammatory ูุงูุงูุชู ู
ุงููุฑูุจูุง ูุงูุงูุชูุงุฉ ูุดููุงูุง ูู
135
00:10:34,200 --> 00:10:40,880
ุงููุฌุฑ ุงููู ูุงุช ุฏู ุงู ุจุงุจ ุชู ุฃูุถุง induce ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู
136
00:10:40,880 --> 00:10:42,660
ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู
137
00:10:42,660 --> 00:10:46,520
ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู
138
00:10:46,520 --> 00:10:51,440
ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู
139
00:10:51,440 --> 00:10:53,720
ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู
140
00:10:53,720 --> 00:10:54,260
ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู
141
00:10:54,260 --> 00:10:54,280
ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู
142
00:10:54,280 --> 00:10:58,140
ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู ุงูุงุฎุชูุงู induction ููุฏูุฒ
143
00:10:58,140 --> 00:11:03,440
anti-inflammatory action ู
ู ุฎูุงู ูู secretion of ุฃู
144
00:11:03,440 --> 00:11:10,040
inducing its inhibitory effects. Resident macrophage
145
00:11:10,040 --> 00:11:14,760
clear apoptotic cells ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุงููู ูู
146
00:11:14,760 --> 00:11:21,160
certain adhesion molecules ู adhesion receptors
147
00:11:21,160 --> 00:11:24,520
ูุจุชุนู
ู ุฒู ุงู vitronectin receptors ูุจุชุนู
ู
148
00:11:24,520 --> 00:11:30,640
endocytosis ูุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุงู killing activity is not
149
00:11:30,640 --> 00:11:37,070
efficient ุจูุฐุง ุงูู
ููุงูุฒู
ุงู macrophage ุฃูุถูุง
150
00:11:37,070 --> 00:11:40,150
Internalized pathogen using a variety of specific
151
00:11:40,150 --> 00:11:44,010
and opsonic receptors. ู
ู ูุฐู ุงูุฑูุณุจุชูุฑ ูู ุงู
152
00:11:44,010 --> 00:11:46,530
LPS receptor the-dolyric receptor
153
00:11:46,530 --> 00:11:50,250
ุงูู
ุงููุฒ receptor the-Fc receptor the complement receptor
154
00:11:50,250 --> 00:11:55,350
1 ู 3 ู 4 complement component ูุนูู
155
00:11:55,350 --> 00:12:00,650
ููุง different receptors ุนูู ุณุทุญูุง ุชุฎูููุง ูุฏุงุด ุชุนุฏุงุฏ
156
00:12:00,650 --> 00:12:06,310
ูุฐู ุงูุฑูุณุจุชูุฑ activation macrophage ุฃูุถูุง ุชุฎูุต ู
ู
157
00:12:06,310 --> 00:12:11,370
cytokine and enzyme ุฃู complement system molecules ู
158
00:12:11,370 --> 00:12:16,310
prostaglandin molecules ููุฐุง ุดููุงู ูู ุงูุฌุฏูู ุงูุณุงุจู
159
00:12:16,310 --> 00:12:22,170
activation macrophage ููุชุฌ oxygen radicals ู nitrogen
160
00:12:22,170 --> 00:12:28,870
intermediates ูุคูุงุก ู
ุฎูุตุงู ุฌุฏูุง ูุฅูุฏูุณุชูุฒ ุจูุชูุฑูุง ูููุฌุงู
161
00:12:29,550 --> 00:12:34,730
ูุฃูุถูุง ุดููุงูุง ูู ุงูุฌุฏูู. Recently recruited cells
162
00:12:34,730 --> 00:12:41,570
are most effective at antimicrobial killing ุจููู
ุง
163
00:12:41,570 --> 00:12:46,270
ุงู resting macrophages have only limited killing
164
00:12:46,270 --> 00:12:50,430
activity ุทุจูุนู ุงููู ุจุชุญุฑู ูุดุงุทู ููููู ุฃูุชุฑ ู
ู ุงููู
165
00:12:50,430 --> 00:12:58,550
ุนุงูุด ู
ู ุงููู ูุงุนุฏุฉ. ูุฐุง ู
ุง ูุชุนูู ุจุงูู macrophage ุจุชุทูู
166
00:12:58,550 --> 00:13:03,650
ุฅูู other cytotoxic cells. Cell-mediated
167
00:13:03,650 --> 00:13:08,150
cytotoxicity is an essential defense mechanism ููุด
168
00:13:08,150 --> 00:13:10,690
ุงูู intracellular pathogen ุจู
ุง ูููุง ุงูููุฑูุณ
169
00:13:10,690 --> 00:13:15,990
ุจูุชูุฑูุง parasites and tumor cells ูููุง ุจุชูุนุจ ุฏูุฑ
170
00:13:15,990 --> 00:13:20,230
ูุจูุฑ. They can become cytotoxic or target for
171
00:13:20,230 --> 00:13:24,700
cytotoxic cells. The process is important in the
172
00:13:24,700 --> 00:13:27,940
destruction of allogenic tissue graft. ุฏูุฑ
173
00:13:27,940 --> 00:13:33,480
cytotoxic cells ูู ูุฐุง ุงูู
ูุถูุน ุญูุซ ูู ุงูุฃุณุงุณู. This
174
00:13:33,480 --> 00:13:37,880
activity is executed by several types of cells
175
00:13:37,880 --> 00:13:43,760
ู
ููุง ูููุง cytotoxic T cell ู ุงู NK cell ู ุจุนุถ ู
ุฑุงุช
176
00:13:43,760 --> 00:13:49,200
ุงู myeloid cells. ูุจูู ุงู major cells ุงูุชู ูู
ูู ุฃู
177
00:13:49,200 --> 00:13:52,640
ุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ู
ุตุงุฏุฑ ู
ุฏุนูู
ุฉ ูู Cytotoxicity ูุจูุณู
ููุง
178
00:13:52,640 --> 00:13:57,480
Cytotoxic Cells ูู ุงูู T-Cytotoxic ู ุงูู NK Cell
179
00:13:57,480 --> 00:14:03,460
ุจุดูู ุฃุณุงุณู ูุนูู ุงูู T-Cytotoxic Cell ุฏู ุงูู ุงูู T
180
00:14:03,460 --> 00:14:06,480
-Cytotoxic Cellุ ูุงู recognize antigen ุงูุชู ุจุชุงุนุช
181
00:14:06,480 --> 00:14:10,580
presented on MHC Class I. ู
ุด ุจุชูุฏู
ููุง ุงูุงูุชุฌู ู
ุฑุชุจุท
182
00:14:10,580 --> 00:14:15,190
ุจ MHC Class I molecules. ุจููู
ุง ุงูู NK cell react
183
00:14:15,190 --> 00:14:18,490
against cells which do not express MHC class I
184
00:14:18,490 --> 00:14:23,610
ุดูููุง ุงููุงุฑู ูู ุงูู
ููุงููุฒู
ูุงุญุฏุฉ ุจุชุชุนุฑู ุนูู MHC
185
00:14:23,610 --> 00:14:27,710
class I molecules ููุงุญุฏุฉ ุจุชุชุนุฑู ุนูู ุงู presence of
186
00:14:27,710 --> 00:14:31,930
MHC class I molecules. ูุฌูุฏู ุชุงูุชุฑ ูุบูุฑู. They can
187
00:14:31,930 --> 00:14:35,710
interact with these cells using a variety of
188
00:14:35,710 --> 00:14:40,990
receptors. ูุดูููุง ู
ููุงููุฒู
ุงูู NK cell ูู ู
ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
189
00:14:40,990 --> 00:14:48,050
ุณุงุจูุฉ. ุทูุจ ููู ูุญุฏุซ ุงูู cytotoxicityุ ูุงููุง ุนูุงุตุฑ
190
00:14:48,050 --> 00:14:51,850
ุงูู cytotoxicity. ูู
ุฑุฉ ูุงุญุฏ ุงููู ูู cell to cell
191
00:14:51,850 --> 00:14:54,630
interaction. ูุงุฒู
ูุญุตู ููู cell to cell contact
192
00:14:54,630 --> 00:14:59,410
ูู
ุฑุฉ ุงุชููู cytokine release ููู
ุฑุฉ ุชูุงุชุฉ granule
193
00:14:59,410 --> 00:15:04,070
release. ู
ุงุดู ูุญุตู ููู ุงููู ูู ุงูู lytic-heat
194
00:15:04,070 --> 00:15:09,860
degranulation ูู ุขุฎุฑ ุงูุญุงุฌุฉ. ู
ููุงููุฒู
ุขุฎุฑ ุฃูุถูุง can
195
00:15:09,860 --> 00:15:13,140
be included ู ูู ุงูู Fas-Ligand Anti-Human
196
00:15:13,140 --> 00:15:18,000
Necrosis Factor. These can signal apoptosis to the
197
00:15:18,000 --> 00:15:20,900
target cell. ูุญู ูุนุฑู ุงูู Fas ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู death
198
00:15:20,900 --> 00:15:27,840
receptor ุฃู ุงูู Fas-Ligand ู ุจุงูุชุงูู can induce
199
00:15:27,840 --> 00:15:33,390
apoptosis to the cell. ุฃูุถูุง ู
ู ุฃุฏูุงุช ุงููุชู ุงูู
200
00:15:33,390 --> 00:15:37,070
Granules ุฒู ุงูู Perforin ูุงูู Granzyme ุชุฏูุน ุฅูู
201
00:15:37,070 --> 00:15:42,990
ุชููุฆุฉ ุฃุฏูุงุช ุงูุฃุฏูุงุช ุงูุชู ุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ูุง ุงูู cell ุงูู
202
00:15:42,990 --> 00:15:48,290
cytotoxic cells ูู ู
ู ุดุฑูุทูุง cell to cell contactุ
203
00:15:48,290 --> 00:15:52,000
release of cytokineุ release of granules. ุฃูุถูุง
204
00:15:52,000 --> 00:15:55,760
ุฃุณููุจ ุขุฎุฑ ูููุชู ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงูู Death Receptor ููู ุงูู
205
00:15:55,760 --> 00:16:02,260
Fas-Ligand and Tumor Necrosis Factor Signal ู
206
00:16:02,260 --> 00:16:06,860
ุงูุฃุฎูุฑ ูุงูู Granules ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงูู Release ุฃู ุงูู
207
00:16:06,860 --> 00:16:10,640
perforin of the enzyme ุงููู ุจูุนู
ููุง ุฃูุถูุง ุชุดู
208
00:16:10,640 --> 00:16:19,120
ุฃู Cell Damage. ุงุชูููุง ุนูู ุฃู ุงููุงุณ ูุชู
ุชูููุฑู ุนูู
209
00:16:19,120 --> 00:16:22,260
ู
ููุฑูุณูุงูุชูุฑูุณูุจุชุฑ ุนูู ุงูู target cell ุจูุคุฏู
210
00:16:22,260 --> 00:16:25,580
ููุงูุชูุงุก ู
ู caspases ูุงููุงุณุง ุจูุณูุณ ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู
211
00:16:25,580 --> 00:16:30,680
ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ู
ู ุงูุฅูุฒูู
ุงุช ุงูุชู ุชุชุนุงู
ู ุจุงูุชุนุจูุฑ ุนูู
212
00:16:30,680 --> 00:16:34,360
ุฃุจูุจุชูุณุณ
213
00:16:34,360 --> 00:16:40,040
ูุงูุฌุฏูู ุงููุงุฏู
ุจูุจูู ููุง ุฃู ุงูุตูุฑุฉ ุงููุงุฏู
ุฉ ูู ุฌุฑุญ
214
00:16:40,040 --> 00:16:45,460
ุงูุฅุชูุงุท ุจููุจูู ููุง ุงููู ูู ุงู interaction between T
215
00:16:45,460 --> 00:16:48,880
-cytotoxic and their target cell ูุทุจุนุง ูุฐุง ุงู
216
00:16:48,880 --> 00:16:52,380
interaction ุญูููุง ููู ุณุงุจูุง ุฒู ู
ุง ุงูุชูุง ุดุงูููู ูู
217
00:16:52,380 --> 00:16:57,120
T-cytotoxic lymphocytes ููู ุงู target cell. T
218
00:16:57,120 --> 00:17:02,790
-cytotoxic ุฃูู ุชุญุชุงุฌ ุฅูู ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู ูุงุดู
ู signal to
219
00:17:02,790 --> 00:17:07,470
be activated. ูุงูู ูุงุญุฏุฉ TCR ุจุชุจูู ุงู antigen ุงููู
220
00:17:07,470 --> 00:17:12,810
ู
ู
ุณูู ุจุงู MHC class I molecules ูุจูุฌู ุงู coreceptor
221
00:17:12,810 --> 00:17:18,890
ุงููู ูู CD8 ุจูุฑุชุจุท ุจุงู MHC class I molecules ููุฐู
222
00:17:18,890 --> 00:17:25,530
ุจุชุณู
ููุง ุงููู ูู ุงู first signal ููููุง ุชุญุชุงุฌ ุฅูู
223
00:17:25,530 --> 00:17:34,370
other signals. ู
ุงุดู ู
ููุง ุงููู ูู CD2 ุจุฑุชุจุท ุจุงู
224
00:17:34,370 --> 00:17:40,210
leukocyte function-associated antigen 3 ู leukocyte
225
00:17:40,210 --> 00:17:43,450
function-associated antigen 1 ุนูู cytotoxic T lymphocyte
226
00:17:43,450 --> 00:17:46,950
ุจุฑุชุจุท ุจุงู ICAM-1 ูุงู ICAM-1 ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู
227
00:17:46,950 --> 00:17:53,320
intercellular Adhesion molecule number 1 ูุจุชููู
228
00:17:53,320 --> 00:17:58,940
ุงูุฑุงุจุทุฉ ุจูุตูุฑ ููู ุงูุด ูู activation and cytotoxic
229
00:17:58,940 --> 00:18:03,740
activity. Activation
230
00:18:03,740 --> 00:18:05,960
and
231
00:18:07,470 --> 00:18:11,830
Target Cell Killing By CD8-T Cytotoxic Cell. ุญูููุง
232
00:18:11,830 --> 00:18:17,650
ูููุง ูู ุงูู B Cell Activity Lecture ู ุฃูุถูุง ููููุฉ
233
00:18:17,650 --> 00:18:22,410
ุงููู ูู Fas Fas ligand activity ูู ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง CD4
234
00:18:22,410 --> 00:18:31,650
-T Cell ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู
CD95 ููู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู Fas ู
ุน ุงู CD178
235
00:18:31,650 --> 00:18:36,490
ู ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏ ุนูู ุงู
236
00:18:38,320 --> 00:18:42,240
ุจู Target Cell ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุจูุตูุฑ ููู ุฃูุถูุง Fas Fas
237
00:18:42,240 --> 00:18:51,020
-Ligand Activity ู Killing Mechanism. ูุญูู
238
00:18:51,020 --> 00:18:54,500
ุนูู ุงูุงู ุนูู ุงูู Non-Lymphoid Cytotoxic Effects
239
00:18:54,500 --> 00:18:59,220
ุฎูุงูุง ุบูุฑ ูููููุฉ. ูุนูู ุฃู ุงูู Macrophages
240
00:18:59,220 --> 00:19:02,920
Macrophages can damage target using their non
241
00:19:02,920 --> 00:19:08,160
-specific toxic effects or systems and via via
242
00:19:08,160 --> 00:19:16,460
cytokine. ูููู
ุง ุนุฏุฏ ู
ู ุงูู non lymphoid cytotoxic
243
00:19:16,460 --> 00:19:21,540
cells which can invade microorganism ุฒู ุงูุจูุชูุฑูุง
244
00:19:21,540 --> 00:19:28,460
ู ุงูุจุฑุงุณูุฒ. Cytotoxicity ุฃูุถูุง ู
ู
ูู ุชุตูุฑ ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงูู
245
00:19:28,460 --> 00:19:32,440
Antibody Dependent Cell-mediated Cytotoxicity
246
00:19:32,440 --> 00:19:39,480
ู
ููุงููุฒู
ุงููู ูุชุนุงู
ู ู
ุน ู
ุฏููุฉ ุชูุณูู ุบูุฑ ู
ุญุฏูุฏุฉ
247
00:19:43,160 --> 00:19:46,140
ุฃูุถูุง ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงูุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุงููู ูู ุงูู macrophage ู
248
00:19:46,140 --> 00:19:48,680
ุงูููุชุฑููููุ these are phagocytic cells ุงููู ููู
249
00:19:48,680 --> 00:19:53,560
receptors ูู-Fc portion of IgG ุนูู ุณุทุญูู
ุ ูุนูู
250
00:19:53,560 --> 00:19:56,980
ุณุจูู ุงูู
ุซุงูุ ุงูุชูุชููุฉ ุฏูู ุงููู ููู
receptors ูู-Fc
251
00:19:56,980 --> 00:20:00,300
Fc gamma receptor 1 ูุงููFc gamma receptor
252
00:20:00,300 --> 00:20:06,040
2ุ ูุฏู ุจูู
ูููู
ู
ู ุงูุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุจุงูtumor
253
00:20:06,040 --> 00:20:10,100
cell ุจุงููantigen and induce ADCC
254
00:20:12,640 --> 00:20:16,740
ู
ููุฑููุงุฌูุง ุงูููุชุฑูููู ุชููุฃ ูุฅุฏู
ุงุฑ ุงููุถุน ุจุฅุฏุฎุงูู
255
00:20:16,740 --> 00:20:20,320
ููุฏุงุฎููุฉ ููุฌุณู
ูู
ู ุฎูุงู ุฐูู ูุชู
ุฅุฏุฎุงูู ููุฏุงุฎููุฉ
256
00:20:20,320 --> 00:20:22,840
ููุฌุณู
ู ูุชู
ุฅุฏุฎุงูู ููุฏุงุฎููุฉ ููุฌุณู
ู ูุชู
ุฅุฏุฎุงูู
257
00:20:22,840 --> 00:20:24,460
ููุฏุงุฎููุฉ ููุฌุณู
ู ูุชู
ุฅุฏุฎุงูู ููุฏุงุฎููุฉ ููุฌุณู
ู ูุชู
258
00:20:24,460 --> 00:20:25,300
ุฅุฏุฎุงูู ููุฏุงุฎููุฉ ููุฌุณู
ู ูุชู
ุฅุฏุฎุงูู ููุฏุงุฎููุฉ ููุฌุณู
259
00:20:25,300 --> 00:20:28,140
ู ูุชู
ุฅุฏุฎุงูู ููุฏุงุฎููุฉ ููุฌุณู
ู ูุชู
ุฅุฏุฎุงูู ููุฏุงุฎููุฉ
260
00:20:28,140 --> 00:20:31,080
ููุฌุณู
ู ูุชู
ุฅุฏุฎุงูู ููุฏุงุฎููุฉ ููุฌุณู
ู ูุชู
ุฅุฏุฎุงูู
261
00:20:31,080 --> 00:20:38,400
ููุฏุงุฎููุฉ ููุฌุณู
ู ูุชู
ุฅุฏุฎุงูู ููุฏุงุฎููุฉ ููุฌุณู
ู
262
00:20:38,400 --> 00:20:42,510
ูุชู
ุฃูุถุง ู
ุงูุฑูููุฑุณ ูุฌุนู ููู
ุฎููู ุงููู ูุณู
ูู human
263
00:20:42,510 --> 00:20:50,030
necrosis factor ู
ู
ูู ุฃู ูุฏุนู
apoptosis ูุฃูุถุง
264
00:20:50,030 --> 00:20:56,810
ุงูููุฌุฑ ุงูุฃุชู ุจูุจูู ูู ุงู mechanism that may
265
00:20:56,810 --> 00:21:00,330
contribute to the cytotoxicity of myeloid cells
266
00:21:00,330 --> 00:21:04,930
ุดูููุง ุฅูุด ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ ุจุทูุน reactive oxygen species
267
00:21:04,930 --> 00:21:08,710
ู
ุงุดู ุจุทูุน
268
00:21:10,040 --> 00:21:19,600
reactive nitrogen species ุจูุทูุน c3a receptor sorry
269
00:21:19,600 --> 00:21:25,120
c3a component ูุทุจุนุง ูุฐู ุงููู ูุฏูุฑ ูู ุงู
270
00:21:25,120 --> 00:21:31,260
recruitment of other cells superoxide anion,
271
00:21:31,400 --> 00:21:34,740
reactive intermediate, nitric oxide, human
272
00:21:34,740 --> 00:21:40,050
interest factor alpha ูููู
ูุฏูู ุจูุทูุนูุง ู
ุงุดูุงูุฐู
273
00:21:40,050 --> 00:21:43,390
ูุชู
ุฅุทูุงูู ู
ู ุฌุณุฏ ุงูู
ูููููุฏ ููู
ููู ุชุฏู
ูุฑ ุงูุฌุณุฏ
274
00:21:43,390 --> 00:21:48,590
ุงูู
ูุงุฌุฑ ุจุงูุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฅูู ุณูุชููุงูู ู
ูุฏูุงุชูุงู ุงูุชุญูู
275
00:21:48,590 --> 00:21:53,550
ุงูุงุฏููููู ุฃูุถูุง ููุณ ููููููุฏ
276
00:21:56,710 --> 00:22:03,490
ุจุชุนู
ู ุชุนู
ู ุชุนู
ู ุชุนู
ู ุชุนู
ู ุชุนู
ู
277
00:22:03,490 --> 00:22:11,850
ุชุนู
ู ุชุนู
ู ุชุนู
ู ุชุนู
ู ุชุนู
ู
278
00:22:15,110 --> 00:22:20,230
ุงูุฌุฑุงู
ููุณ ุชุญุชูู ุนูู ุงูุชุงูู ุชุญุชูู ุนูู ุจุฑูุชูู ุฃุณุงุณู
279
00:22:20,230 --> 00:22:24,870
ูุจูุฑ ูู
ูู ุฃู ููุชู ุงูุญููุงูุงุช eosinophil peroxidase
280
00:22:24,870 --> 00:22:31,050
ููู ูุงุชู ููู ููุญููุงูุงุช ุจุฅูุณูุฏ ุงููุงูุงูุฏ ูุฅูุชุงุฌ
281
00:22:31,050 --> 00:22:37,570
hypohalide ูุฅูุฒูููููู ูุงุชูุงููู ุจุฑูุชูู ููู ูุงุฏุฑ ุนูู
282
00:22:37,570 --> 00:22:43,310
ูุชู ุงูุญููุงูุงุช ู
ุซู ุงูุดูุณุชูุณูู
ุง ูู
ูู ุฃู ูููู
283
00:22:43,310 --> 00:22:51,190
ุงุณุชุนุฑุถูุงุงูู Mononuclear phagocytic cell ู ุงูู
284
00:22:51,190 --> 00:23:02,330
cytotoxic effect induced by these cells ุฃุดูุฑ
285
00:23:02,330 --> 00:23:03,470
ููู
ุงุณุชู
ุงุนูู
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