PL9fwy3NUQKwa0Sd0s-XLQCrtFM4_s2KMt/3NRgXv0N4zk.srt

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Bismillahirrahmanirrahim

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Today we are going to continue with infinitive and 

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gerund in English plus covert and overt derived 

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nominal in Arabic. Regarding the gerund and

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infinitive in English, we see that the gerund can

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stand as a subject in the sentence. So you have

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these two sentences, eating too much food is not 

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good for your health. Playing basketball is very 

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fun. Eating, playing, they stand as subjects. If you 

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we use also infinitive after noun, in this, after

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the noun in the sentence. It's not good for your 

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health to eat too much fast food. So we have the

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infinitive directly follows the noun in the 

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sentence. As it appears in this sentence, it's not

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good for your health to eat too much fast food. 

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It's very fun to play basketball. So we have fun,

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we have health. They are followed by infinitive as

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you see. We use gerund directly after the 

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preposition. I'm tired of doing the same thing 

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over and over again every day. They are excited 

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about attending the meeting tomorrow. So we have 

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of doing, about attending. I'm looking forward to 

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hearing from you soon. She's used to driving at 

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night. Is Mr used to plus the verb plus ing, and

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this means gerund. It means يعتاد على, present 

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custom, however having used plus infinitive, this

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refers to habit in the past, يعتاد على. So if you 

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have the verb to be plus used to, it is directly 

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followed by gerund, we 

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have infinitive which is directly used after the 

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adjective. I was surprised to see her at the party 

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yesterday. They were anxious to meet with

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President this weekend. I'm glad to meet you. So 

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we have surprised, anxious, glad. They are 

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directly followed by infinitives. We also have the 

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infinitive used after certain nouns. I still have

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a little time to talk with you tonight. They have 

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a lot of books to read for the reading class. He 

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doesn't have permission to use the lab computers. 

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So we have time, books, permissions that are 

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followed by infinitive, as you see.

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The infinitive expresses purpose. Okay, so if

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there'd be a purpose in the sentence, clause of 

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purpose, then we use the infinitive. I came here

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in order to study, or to study English. 

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We use the particle, the negative particle not 

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before the gerund, or even before the infinitive to 

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come out with negative sentence. Not doing your 

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homework is a big mistake. She was angry about not 

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being invited to the reception. I decided not to

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go there tomorrow. Try not to be late. So as you 

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see, the particle, the negative particle not

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precedes the gerund, and also the infinitive.

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We spoke about hypothetical verbs, verbs to happen

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in future. This is followed by the infinitive as

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you know. This is forward-oriented verbs. He told 

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us to stay home. I want you to be the best student 

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in the class. She advised me not to take such a 

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risk. So all the actions in these sentences refer

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to future actions. The verbs are forward, oriented

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verbs. This is the fourth category of the four

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categories of the verbs which accept gerund and 

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infinitive. We spoke about the emotive verbs, the 

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aspectual verbs, the reactive verbs, and the 

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forward-oriented verbs. 

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Also, use the gerund after the possessive pronouns.

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I appreciate your inviting me to the party. We are 

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proud of Mary's winning the first place in the 

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race. 

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Okay.

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So this is the complete explanation of the use of 

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infinitive and gerund in English. In Arabic, we

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spoke about the modified derived nominal, and overt

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derived nominal. وحب أن أشرب الشاي وحب شرب الشاي 

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This is covert derived nominal. وحب شرب الشاي This 

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is overt derived nominal. We've seen that we have 

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big difference between these constructions in 

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English and Arabic. So the reactive verbs of 

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Arabic, the emotive verbs of Arabic, are the same 

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like English. They accept both overt and covert 

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derived nominal. However, the aspectual verbs,

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this is in English, in English. What about Arabic?

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They accept only modified derived nominal or 

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covert derived nominal. What about reactive verbs 

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in English? They accept only gerund. However, in 

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Arabic, both. The forward-oriented verbs.

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In English, they accept only infinitive. However, 

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in Arabic, they accept both. So you have to take 

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care once you translate. Once you translate, it is

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not necessarily to translate literally every 

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single word. You have to consider the structure of 

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infinitive and to see the difference. This means 

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that you have to consider the meaning or the

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meaning of the verb itself and its syntactic 

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capacity, whether it accepts infinitive or gerund. 

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Return to the verbs, in Arabic, whether the 

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translated verb accepts overt derived nominal or 

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covert derived nominal, okay. I need to terminate 

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here in order to give you a quiz just now, about or

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on the use of infinitive and gerund in English.

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Okay. That's it. Thank you.